•v/j; ^ ^^AHViian^v^ so I c? « ^ 1^ ^lllBRARYd?/r o c JJO>^^^ -,>^iUBRARYQc. 3-JO^^ >- \ 0-<"T -r U A ^/Aa3AINa-3WV .^OfCAllF0% Cc Vi. / j 0^ \ S rn ^0FCAIIF0% aMEUNIVP )i iUl NCElfj ^ylTi C_3 O ^.tfOJITVOiO't^ Vi i;~^si^ c: %a3A!NI1JWV ^ (^ «^ 0_1_ \^ i? ) ^ ■^^i/AiiTwr* irv-W ^ ^ ^^AiiYiian^- PC <: ^\^EUNfVER% O ex Kf^\ ^lOSANCflfj> J- so %U3A!NrtmV^ :5 .j^^lllBRARYQc ^^ ^iir't §^"-^^ $\--^^ a-3WV^ ^ v*.^#^ - > s ^^>i.§ ^^itg 1^-^^w^'f c? iHViv" ^(?Aavaann"^ ^^Aavaan-^- ^J3t3dnvsoi^ "^ -^Fjihwey^ v^-ins-A?^.fifj> A^AiiniRAim?/-^ ^ ,- U.XIOX I'.l:TWEEN THE STATES. 23 the parties shall refuse to submit to the authority of such court, or to appear or defend their claim or cause, the court shall nevertheless proceed to pronounce sentence, or judgment, which shall in like manner be final and decisive, the judgment or sentence and other proceedings being in either case transmitted to Congress, and lodged among the acts of Con- gress, for the security of the parties concerned; provided that everj^ com missioner, before he sits in judgment, shall take an oath to be adminis- tered by one of the judges of the Supreme or Superior Court of the State, where the cause shall be tried, " well and truly to hear and determine the matter in question, according to the best of his judgment, without favor, 'affection or hope of reward ;" provided also, that no State shall be deprived of territory for the benefit of the United States. All controversies concerning the private right of soil claimed under different grants of two or more States, whose jurisdictions as they may respect such lands, and the States which passed such grants are adjusted, the said grants, or either of them, being at the same time claimed to have originated antecedent to such settlement of jurisdiction, shall, on the peti- tion of either party to the Congress of the United States, be finally deter- mined as near as may be in the same manner as is before prescribed for deciding disputes respecting territorial jurisdiction between differeiir States. The United States, in Congress assembled, shall also have the sole and exclusive right and power of regulating the alloy and value of coin struck by their own authority, or by that of the respective States — fixing the standard of weights and measures throughout the United States — regulat ing the trade and managing all affairs with the Indians not members of any of the States, provided that the legislative right of any State within its own limits be not infringed or violated — establishing or regulating postoffices from one State to another, throughout all the United States, and exacting such postage on the papers passing through the same as may be requisite to defray the expenses of the said office — appointing all officers of the land forces in the service of the United States, excepting regimental officers — appointing all the officers of the naval forces and commissioning all officers whatever in the service of the United States — making rules for the government and regulation of the said land and naval forces, anti directing their operations. The United States, in Coiigress assembled, shall have authority to appoint a committee, to sit in the recess of Congress, to be denominated "A Committee of the States," and to consist of one delegate from each State, and to appoint such other committees and civil officers as may be necessary for managing the general affairs of the United States under their direction- — to appoint one of their nmnber to preside; provided that no person be allowed to serve in the office of President more than one year in any term of three years — to ascertain the necessary sums of money to be raised for the service of the United States, and to appropriate and apply the sarre for defraying the public expenses — to borrow money, or emit bill i on the credit of the United States, transmitting every half year to the 24 ,\KTICLES OF CONFEDERATION AND respective States an account of the sums of money so borrowed or emitteJ — to build and equip a navy — to agree upon the number of land forces, and to make requisitions from each State for its quota, in proportion to tha number of white iuliabitants in such State, which requisition shall be bind- ing, and thereupon the Legislature of each State shall appoint the regi- mental officers, raise the men and clothe, arm and equip them in a soldier- like manner, at the expense of the United States; and the officers and men so clothed, armed and equipped, shall march to the place appointed, and within the time agreed on by the United States, in Congress assembled; but, if the United States, in Congress assembled, shall, on consideration of circumstances, judge proper that any State should not raise men, or shoul purl and hclialf of (he State of North Carolina. I IiAKY Laurkns, Rk'hd. Hutson, William Hknry Di{avton, Thos. Heyard, Jr., Jno. Matthews, On the part and hehalf of the State of South Carolina. Jxo. Walton, Edwd. Telfair, 24tii July, 1778, Edwd. Langworthy, On the part and helialf of tJie Slale of Georgi".. THE DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE. IN CONGRESS, JULY 4, 1776. THE UNANIMOUS DECLARATION OF THE THIRTEEN UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. When, in the course of human events, it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bands which have connected them with another, and to assume, among the Powers of the earth, the separate and equal station to which the laws of nature and of natui'e's God entitle them, a decent respect to the opinions of mankind requires that they should declare the causes which impel them to the separation. We hold these truths to be self-evident: that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights; that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. That to secure these rights, governments are instituted among men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed; that when- ever any form of government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the right of the people to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new govern- ment, laying its foundation on such principles, and organizing its powers in such form, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their safety and happiness. Prudence, indeed, will dictate that governments long estab- lished should not be changed for light and transient causes; and accord- ingly all experience hath shown that mankind are more disposed to suffer, while evils are sufferable, than to right themselves by abolishing the forms to which they are accustomed. But when a long train of abuses and us urinations, pursuing invariably the same object, evinces a design to reduce them xmder absolute despotism, it is their right, it is their duty, to throw off such government, and to provide new guards for their future security. Such has been the patient sufferance of these colonies; and such is now the necessity which constrains them to alter their former systems of government. The history of the present King of Great Britain is a history of repeated injuries and usurpations, all having in direct object the establishment of an absolute tyrany over these States. To prove this, let facts be submitted to a candid world. He has refused his assent to laws the most wholesome and necessary for the public good. He has forbidden his Governors to pass laws of immediate and press- ing importance, unless suspended in their operation till his assent should 28 DECL.VRATION OF INDEPENDENCE. be obtained; and when so suspended, he has utterly neglected to attend to them. He has refused to pass other laws for the accommodation of large districts of people, unless those people would relinquish the right of rep- resentation in the Legislature, a right inestimable to them and formid- able to tyrants only. He has called together legislative bodies at places unusual, uncom- fortable, and distant from the depository of their public records, for the sole purpose of fatiguing them into compliance with his measures. He has dissolved representative houses repeatedly, for opposing, with manly firmness, his invasions on the rights of the people. He has refused, for a long time after such dissolutions, to cause ethers to be elected; whereby the legislative powers, incapable of annihi- lation, have returned to the people at large for their exercise; the State remaining, in the meantime, exposed to all the dangers of invasion from without, and convulsions within. He has endeavored to prevent the population of these States; for that purpose obstructing the laws for naturalization of foreigners; refus- ing to pass others to encourage their migration hither, and raising the conditiojis of new appropriations of lands. He has obstructed the administration of justice, by refusing hid assent to laws for establishing judiciary powers. He has made judges dependent on his will alone for the tenure of their office, and the amount and payment of their salaries. He has erected a multitude of new offices, and sent hither swarms of officers to harrass our people and eat out their substance. He has kept among us, in times of peace, standing armies without the consent of our Legislatures. He has affected to render the military independent of and superior to the civil power. He has combined with others to subject us to a jurisdiction foreign to our Constitution, and unacknowledged by our laws ; giving his assent to their acts of pretended legislation : For quartering large bodies of armed troops among us: For protecting them, by a mock trial, from punishment for any murders which they should commit on the inhabitants of these States: For cutting off our trade with all parts of the world: For imposing taxes on us without our consent: For depriving us, in many cases, of the benefits of trial by jury: For transporting us beyond seas to be tried for pretended offenses: For abolishing the free system of English laws in a neighboring province, establishing there in an arbitrary government, and enlarging its boundaries, so as to render it at once an example and fit instrument for introducing the same absolute rule into these colonies: For taking away our charters, abolishing our most valuable law3, and altering fundamentally the forms of our governments: DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE. 29 For suspending our own Legislatures, and declaring themselves in- vested with power to legislate for us in all cases whatsoever. He has abdicated government here, by declaring us out of his pro- tection, and waging war against us. He has plundered our seas, ravaged our coasts, burnt our towns, and destroyed the lives of our people. He is, at this time, transporting large armies of foreign mercenaries to complete the works of death, desolation and tyranny already begun, with circumstances of cruelty and perfidy scarcely parallelled in the most barbarous ages, and totally unworthy the head of a civilized nation. He has constrained our fellow-citizens, taken captive on the high seas, to bear arms against their country, to become the executioners of their friends and brethren, or to fall themselves by their hands. He has excited domestic insurrections amongst us, and has endeav- ored to bring on the inhabitants of our frontiers, the merciless Indian savages, whose known rule of warfare is an undistinguished destruction of all ages, sexes, and conditions. In every stage of these oppressions we have petitioned for redress in the most humble terms; our repeated petitions have been answered only by repeated injury. A prince, whose character is thus marked by every act which may define a tyrant, is unfit to be the ruler of a free people. Nor have we been wanting in attention to our British brethren. We have warned them, from time to time, of attempts by their Legisla- ture to extend an unwarrantable jurisdiction over us. "We have reminded them of the circumstances of our emigration and settlement here. We have appealed to their native justice and magnanimity, and we have conjured them by the ties of our common kindred to disavK)W these usurpations, which would inevitably interrupt our connections and cor- respondence. They too have been deaf to the voice of justice and con- sanguinity. We must, therefore, acquiesce in the necessity which denounces our separation, and hold them, as we hold the rest of man- kind, enemies in war, in peace friends. We, therefore, the Representatives of the United States of America, in general Congress assembled, appealing to the Supreme Judge of the World for the rectitude of our intentions, do, in the name, and by authority of the good people of these colonies, solemnly publish and declare. That these United Colonies are, and of right ought to be, free and independent States ; that they are absolved from all allegiance to the British crown, and that all political connection between them and the State of Great Britain is, and ought to be, totally dissolved ; and that, as free and independent States, they have full power to levy war, conclude peace, contract alliances, establish commerce, and to do all other acts and things which independent States may of right do. And for the support of this declaration, with a firm reliance on the protection of Divine Providence, we mutually pledge to each other our lives, our fortunes, and our sacred honor. JOHN HANCOCK 30 DKCLAKATION UF INDEPENDENCE. New Hampshire — Josiah Bartlett, Wm. Whipple, Matthew Thornton. Massachusetts Bay — Saml. Adams, John Adams, Robt. Treat Paine, Elhridge Gerry. Rliode Island — Step. Hopkins, William Ellery. Connecticut — Roger Sherman, Sam'el Huntington, Wm. Williams, Oliver Wolcott. New York—\^n\. Floyd, Phil. Livingston, Frans. Lewis, Lewis Morris. New Jersey — Richd. Stockton, Jno. Witherspoon, Fras. Hopkinson, John Hart, Abra. Clark. Pennsylvania. — Robt. Morris, Benjamin Rush, Benja. Franklin, John Morton, Geo. Clymer, Jas. Smith, Geo. Taylor, James Wilson, Geo Ross. Delaware — Caesar Rodney, Geo. Read, Tho. M'Kean. Maryland — Samuel Chase, Wm. Paca, Thos. Stone, Charles Carroll of Carrollton. Virginia — George Wythe, Richard Henry Lee, Th. Jefferson, Benja. Harrison, Thos. Nelson. Jr., Francis Lightfoot Lee, Carter Braxton. North Carolina — Wm. Hooper. Joseph Hewes, John Perm. South Carolina — Edward Rutledge, Thos. Hey ward, Junr., Thomas Lynch, Junr., Arthur Middleton. Georgia — Button Gwinnett, Lyman Hall, Geo. Walton. Constitution of the United States of America. WE, THE PEOPLE OF THE UNITED STATES, ill Older to foi'm a more perfect Union, establish justice, insure domestic tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general welfare, and secure the blessing? of liberty to ourselves and our posterity, do ordain and establish ihi-i Constitution for the United States of America. AETICLE I. Section 1. All legislative powers herein granted shall be vested in i" Congress of the United States which shall consist of a Senate and House of Kepresentatives. Sec. 2. The House of Representatives shall be composed of members chosen every second year by the people of the several States ; and the electors in each State shall have the qualifications requisite for electors of the most numerous branch of the State Legislature. No person shall be a Representative who shall not have attained to the age of twenty-five years, and been seven years a citizen of the United States, and who shall not, when elected, be an inhabitant of that State in which he shall be chosen. Representatives and direct taxes shall be apportioned among the sev- eral States wduch may be included within this Union, according to their respective numbers, which shall be determined by adding to the whole number of free persons, including those bound to service for a term of years, and excluding Indians not taxed, three-fifths of all other persons. The actual enumeration shall be made within three years after the fir-*t meeting of the Congress of the United States, and within every subsequent term of ten years, in such manner as they shiiU by law direct. The num- ber of Representatives shall not exceed one for every thirty thousand, but each State shall have, at least, one Representative; and until such enu- meration shall be made, the State of Xew Hampshire shall be entitled to choose three; Massachusetts, eight; Rhode Island and Providence Planta- tions, one; Connecticut, five; New York, six; New Jersey, four; Penn- sylvania, eight; Delaware, one; Maryland, six; Virginia, ten; North Carolina, five; South Carolina, five; and Georgia, three. When vacancies happen in the representation from any State, the executive authority thereof shall issue writs of election to fill such vacancies. 32 CONSTITITTION OF THE UNITED STATES. The House of Representatives shall choose their Speaker and other officers; and shall have the sole power of impeachment. Sec. 3. The Senate of the United States shall be composed of two Senators from each State, chosen by the Legislature thereof, for six years; and each Senator shall have one vote. Inunediately after tliey shall be assembled in consequence of the lirst election, they shall be divided as equally as may be into three classes. The seats of the Senators of the first class shall be vacated at the expiration of the second year, of the second class at the expiration of the fourth year, and of the third class at the expiration of the sixth year; so that one-third may be chosen every second year; and if vacancies happen by resignation or otherwise during the recess of the Legislature of any State, the execu- tive thereof may make temporary appointments until the next meeting of the Legislature, which shall then fill such vacancies. No person shall be a Senator who shall not have attained to the age of thirty years, and been nine years a citizen of the United States, and who shall not, when elected, he an inhabitant of that State for which he shall be chosen. The Vice President of the United States shall be President of the Senate, but shall have no vote, unless they be equally divided. The Senate shall choose their other officers, and also a President pro tempore, in the absence of the Vice President, or when he shall exercise the office of President of the United States. Tlie Senate shall have the sole power to try all impeachments. When sitting for that purpose, they shall be on oath or affirmation. When the President of the United States is tried, the Chief Justice shall preside; and no person shall be convicted without the concurrence of two-thirds of the members present. Judgment, in cases of impeachment, shall not extend further than to removal from office, and disqualification to hold and enjoy any office of honor, trust or profit under the United States; but the party convicted shall nevertheless be liable and subject, to indictment, trial, judgment aiul punishment, according to law. Sec. 4. The times, places and manner of holding elections for Sena- tors and Representatives, shall be prescribed in each State by the Legisla- ture thereof; but the Congress may at any time by law make or alter such regulations, except as to the places of choosing Senators. The Congress shall assemble at least once in every year, and such meeting shall be on the first Monday in December, unless they shall by law appoint a difl^erent day. Sec. 5. Each house shall be the judge of the elections, returns and qualifications of its own members, and a majority of each shall constitute a quorum to do business; but a smaller number may adjourn from day to day, and may be authorized to compel the attendance of absent members, in such manner and under such penalties as each house may provide. CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES. 33 Each house may determine the rules of its proceedings, punish its members for disorderly behavior, and, with the concurrence of two-thirds, expel a member. Each house shall keep a journal of its proceedings, and from time to time publish the same, excepting such parts as may, in their judgment, require secrecy; and the yeas and nays of the members of either house on any question shall, at the desire of one-fifth of those present, be entered on the journal. Neither house, during the session of the Congress, shall, without the consent of the other, adjourn for more than three days, nor to any other place than that in which the two houses shall be sitting. Sec. 6. The Senators and Representatives shall receive a compensa- tion for their services, to be ascertained by law, and paid out of the treasury of the United States. They shall, in all cases, except treason, felony and breach of the peace, be privileged from arrest during their attendance at the session of their respective houses, and in going to and returning from the same; and for any speech or debate in either house, they shall not be questioned in any other place. No Senator or Representative shall, during the time for which he was elected, be appointed to any civil office under the authority of the United States, which shall have been created, or the emoluments whereof shall have been increased during such time; and no person holding any office under the United States, shall be a member of either house during his continuance in office. Sec. 7. All bills for raising revenue shall originate in the House of Representatives; but the Senate may propose or concur with amendments, as on other bills. Every bill which shall have passed the House of Representatives and the Senate shall, before it become a law, be presented to the President of the United States ; if he approve, he shall sign it ; but, if not, he shall return it with his objections to that house in which it shall have origin- ated, who shall enter the objections at large on their journal and proceed to reconsider it. If, after such reconsideration, two-thirds of that house shall agree to pass the bill, it shall be sent, together with the objections, to the other house, by which it shall likewise be reconsidered, and if approved by two-thirds of that house, it shall become a law. But in all such cases, the votes of both houses shall be determined by yeas and nays ; and the names of the persons voting for and against the bill shall be entered on the journal of each house respectively. If any bill shall not be returned by the President within ten days (Sundays excepted) after it shall have been presented to him, the same shall be a law, in like manner as if he had signed it, unless the Congress, by their adjournment, prevented its return, in which case it shall not be a law. Every order, resolution or vote to which the concurrence of the Senate and House of Representatives may be necessary (except on a question of adjournment), shall be presented to the President of the 34 CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES. United States, and before the same shall take effect, shall be approved by him, or, being disapproved by him, shall be repassed by two-thirds of the Senate and House of Representatives, according to the rules and limitations prescribed in the case of a bill. Sec. 8. The Congress shall have power — To lay and collect taxes, duties, imposts and excises, to pay the debts and provide for the common defense and general welfare of the United States; but all duties, imposts and excises shall be uniform throughout the United States; To borrow money on the credit of the United States; To regulate commerce with foreign nations, and among the several States, and with the Indian tribes; To establish an uniform rule of naturalization, and uniform laws on the subject of bankruptcies throughout the United States; To coin money, regulate the value thereof, and of foreign coin, and fix the standard of weights and measures; To provide for the punishment of counterfeiting the securities and current coin of the United States; To establish postoffices and postroads; To promote the progress of science and useful arts by securing for limited times to authors and inventors the exclusive right to their respec- tive writings and discoveries; To constitute tribunals inferior to the Supreme Court; To define and punish piracies and felonies committed on the high seas, and offenses against the law of nations; To declare war, grant letters of marque and reprisals, and make rules concerning captures on land and water ; To raise and support armies; but no appropriation of money to that use shall be for a longer term than two years; To provide and maintain a navy. To make rules for the government and regulation of the land and naval forces; To provide for calling forth the militia to execute the laws of the Union, suppress insurrections and repel invasion; To provide for organizing, arming and disciplining the militia, and for governing such part of them as may be employed in the service of the United States, reserving to the States respectively the appointment of the officers, and the authority of training the militia according to the disci- pline prescribed by Congress; To exercise exclusive legislation in all cases whatsoever, over such district (not exceeding ten miles square) as may by cession of particular States, and the acceptance of Congress, become the seat of the govern- ment of the United States, and to exercise like authority over all places purchased by the consent of the Legislature of the State in which the same shall be, for the erection of forts, magazines, arsenals, dock yard-, and other needful buildings; and To make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying CONSTITUTION OP THE UNITED STATES. 35 into execution the foregoing powers, and all other powers vested by this Constitution in the Government of the United States, or in any depart- ment or officer thereof. Sec. 9. The migration or importation of such persons as any of the States now existing shall think proper to admit, shall not be prohibited by the Congress prior to the year one thousand eight hundi'ed and eig*ht; but a tax or duty may be imposed on such importation, not exceedui^ te^i dollars for each person. The privilege of the writ of habeas corpus shall not be suspended, unless when in case of rebellion or invasion the public safety may require it. No bill of attainder or ex post facto law shall be passed. No capitation or other direct tax shall be laid, unless in proportion to the census or enumeration hereinbefore directed to be taken. Xo tax or duty shall be laid on articles exported from any State. No preference shall be given by any regulation of commerce or revenue to the ports of one State over those of another; nor shall vessels bound to or from one State be obliged to enter, clear, or pay duties in another. No money shall be drawn from the treasury, but in consequence of appropriations made by law; and a regular statement and account of the receipts and expenditures of all public money shall be published from time to time. No title of nobilitj' shall be granted by the United States ; and no person holding any office of profit or trust under them, shall, without the consent of the Congress, accept of any present, emolument, office, or title of any kind whatever, from any king, prince or foreign State. Sec. 10. No State shall enter into any treaty, alliance or confeder- ation; grant letters of marque and reprisal; coin money; emit bills of credit; make anything but gold and silver coin a tender in payment of debts; pass any bill of attainder, ex post facto law, or law impairing the obligation of contracts, or grant any title of nobility. No State shall, without the consent of the Congress, lay any imposts or duties on imports or exports, except what may be absolutely necessary for executing its inspection laws; and the net produce of all duties and imposts, laid by any »State on imports or exports, shall be for the use of the treasury of the United States; and all such laws shall be subject to the revision and control of the Congress. No State shall, without the consent of Congress, lay any duty of tonnage, keep troops or S'hips of war in time of peace, enter into any agreement or compact with another State, or with a foreign power, or engage in war, unless actually invaded, or in such imminent danger as will not admit of delay. AETICLE n. Section 1. The executive power shall be vested in a President of the United States of America. He shall hold his office during the term 36 CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES. of four years, and, together with the Vice President, dhosen for the same term, be elected as follows: Each State shall appoint, in such manner as the Legislature thereof may direct, a number of Electors, equal to the whole number of Senators and Representatives to which the State may be entitled in the Congress; but no Senator or Representative, or person holding an office of trust or profit under the United States, shall be appointed an Elector. The Congress may determine the time of choosing the Electors, and the day on which they shall give their vote ; which day shall be the same throughout the United States. No person, except a natural born citizen, or a citizen of the United States at the time of the adoption of this Constitution, shall be eligible to the office of President; neither shall any person be eligible to that office who shall not have attained to the age of thirtyfive years, and been four- teen years a resident within the United States. In case of the removal of the President from office, or of his death, resignation or inability to discharge the powers and duties of the said office, the same shall devolve on the Vice President, and the Congress may by law provide for the case of removal, death, resignation or inabil- ity, both of the President and Vice President, declaring what officer shall then act as President, and such officer shall act accordingly, until the disability be removed, or a President shall be elected. The President shall, at stated times, receive for his services a com- pensation which shall neither be increased nor diminished during the period for which he shall have been elected, and he shall not receive within that period any other emoluments from the United States, or any of them. Before he enter on the execution of his office, he shall take the fol- lowing oath or affirmation: "I do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will faithfully execute the office of President of the United States, and will, to the best of my ability, preserve, protect and defend the Constitution of the United States." Sec. 2. The President shall be commander in Chief of the army and navy of the United States, and of the militia of the several States, when called into the actual service of the United States; he may require the opinion, in writing, of the principal officer in each of the executive departments, ui)on any subject relating to the duties of their respective offices, and he shall have power to grant reprieves and pardons for offenses against the United States, except in cases of impeachment. He shall have power, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, to make treaties, provided two-thirds of the Senators present concur; and he shall nominate, and by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, shall appoint ambassadors, other public ministers and consuls, judges of the Supreme Court, and all other officers of the United States, whose appointments are not herein otherwise provided for, and which shall be established by law ; but the Congress may by law vest the CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES. 37 appointment of such inferior officers, as they think proper, in the Presi- dent alone, in the courts of law, or in the heads of departments. The President shall have power to fill up all vacancies that may happen during the recess of the Senate, by granting commissions which shall expire at the end of their next session. Sec. 3. He shall, from time to time, give to the Congress informa- tion of the state of the Union, and recommend to their consideration such measures as he shall judge necessary and expedient; he may, on extraordinary occasions, convene both houses, or either of them, and in case of disagreement between them, with respect to the time of adjourn- ment, he may adjourn them to such time as he shall think proper; he shall receive ambassadors and other public ministers; he shall take care that the laws be faithfully executed and shall commission all officers of the United States. Sec. 4. The President, Vice President, and all civil officers of the United States, shall be removed from office on impeachment for and con- viction of treason, bribery or other high crimes and misdemeanors. AETICLE III. Section 1. The judicial power of the United States shall be vested in one Supreme Court, and in such inferior courts as the Congress may from time to time ordain and establish. The judges, both of the supreme and inferior courts, shall hold their offices during good behavior, and shall at stated times receive for their services a compensation, which shall not be diminished during their continuance in office. Sec. 2. The judicial power shall extend to all cases, in law and equity, arising under this Constitution, the laws of the United States, and treaties made, or which shall be made, under their authority; to all cases affecting ambassadors, other public ministers, and consuls; to all cases of admiralty and maritime jurisdiction; to controversies to which the United States shall be a party; to controversies between two or more States ; between a State and citizens of another State ; between citizens of different States; between citizens of the same State claiming lands under grants of different States, and between a State, or the citizens thereof, and foreign States, citizens or subjects. In all cases affecting ambassadors, other public ministers and consuls, and those in which a State shall be a party, the Supreme Court shall have original jurisdiction. In all the other cases before mentioned, the Supreme Court shall have appellate jurisdiction, both as to law and fact, with such exceptions and under such regulations as the Congress shall make. The trial of all crimes, except in cases of impeachment, shall be by jury; and such trial shall be held in the State where the said crimes shall have been committed; but, when not committed within any State, the trial shall be at such place or places as the Congress may by law have directed. 447516 38 CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES. Sec. 3. Treason against the United States shall consist only in levy- ing war against them, or in adhering to their enemies, giving them aid and comfort. Ne person shall be convicted of treason unless on the testi- mony of two witnesses to the same overt act, or on confession in open court. The Congress shall have power to declare the punishment of treason, but no attainder of treason shall work corruption of blood, or forfeiture, except during the life of the person attainted. ARTICLE IV. Section 1. Fullfaith and credit shall be given in each State to thf public acts, records and judicial proceedings of every other State. And the Congress may, by general laws, prescribe the manner in which such acts, records and proceedings shall be proved, and the effect thereof. Sec. 2. The citizens of each State shall be entitled to all privileges and immunities of citizens in the several States. A person charged in any State with treason, felony or other crime, who shall flee from justice and be found in another State, shall, on demand of the executive authority of the State from which he fled, be delivered up, to be removed to the State having jurisdiction of the crime. No person held to service or labor in one State, under the laws thereof, escaping into another, shall, in consequence of any law or regu- lation therein, be discharged from such service or labor, but shall be delivered up on claim of the partly to whom such service or labor may be due. Sec. 3. New States may be admitted by the Congress into this Union, but no new State shall be formed or erected within the jurisdiction of any other State; nor any State be formed by the junction of two or more States, or parts of States, without the consent of the Legislature of the States concerned as well as of the Congress. The Congress shall have power to dispose of and make all needful I'ules and regulations respecting the territory or otlier property belonging to the United States; and nothing in this Constitution shall be so con- strued as to prejudice any claims of the United States, or of any particu- lar State. Sec. 4. The United States shall guarantee to every State in this Union a republican form of government, and shall protect each of them against invasion; and on application of the Legislature, or of the Execu- tive (when the Legislature cannot be convened), against domestic vio- lence. ARTICLE V. The Congress, whenever two-thirds of both houses shall deem it nec- essary, shall propose amendments to this Constitution, or, on the applica- CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES. 39 tion of the Legislatures of two-thirds of the several States, shall call a convention for proposing amendments, which, in either case, shall be valid to all intents and purposes, as part of this Constitution, when rati- fied by the Legislatures of three-fourths of the several States, or by con- ventions in three-fourths thereof, as the one or the other mode of ratifica- tion may be proposed by the Congress; provided that no amendment which may be made prior to the year one thousand eight hundred and eight shall in any manner affect the first and fourth clauses in the ninth section of the first article; and that no State, without its consent shall be deprived of its equal suffrage in the Senate. ARTICLE VI. All debts contracted and engagements entered into before the adop- tion of this Constitution shall be as valid against the United States under this Constitution as under the Confederation. This Constitution and the laws of the United States which shall be made in pursuance thereof, and all treaties made, or which shall be made, under the authority of the United States, shall be the supreme law of the land; and the judges in every State shall be bound thereby, anything in the Constitution of laws of any State to the contrary notwithstanding. The Senators and Representatives before mentioned and the mem bers of the several State Legislatures, and all executive and judicial ofiicers, both of the United States and of the several States, shall be bound by oath or afiirmation to support this Constitution ; but no religious test shall ever be required as a qualification to any office or public trust und^-r the United States. ARTICLE VII. The ratification of the conventions of nine States shall be sufficient for the establishment of this Constitution between the States so ratify- ing the same. Done in Convention, by the unanimous consent of the States present, the seventeenth day of September, in the year of our Lord one thousand seven hundred and eighty-seven, and of the Independence of the United States of America the twelfth. In witness whereof we have hereunto subscribed our names. GEORGE WASHINGTON, President, and Deputy from Virginia. New Hampshire. Delaware. John Langdon, George Read, Nicholas Oilman. Gunning Bedforil, Jr., Ma,ssachusetts. John Dickinson, Nathaniel Gorham, Richard Basset, Rufus Eang. Jacob Broom, 40 CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES. Connecticuf. William Samuel Johnson, Eoger Sherman. New York. Alexander Hamilton. Neiv Jersey- William Livingston, David Brearley, William Paterson, Jonathan Dayton. Pennsylvania. Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Mifflin, Robert Morris, George Clymer, Thomas Fitzsimons, Jared Ingersol, James Wilson, Gouverneur Morris, Maryland. James M 'Henry, Dan. of St. Thomas Jenifer. Daniel Carroll. Virginia. John Blair, James Madison, Jr. North Carolina. William Blount, R'chard Dobbs Spaight, Hu. Williamson. South Carolina. J. Ruttledge, Chas. Cotesworth Pinckney, Charles Pinckney, Pierce Butler. Georgia. William Few, Abr. Baldwin. Attest : William Jackson, Secretary. AMENDMENTS To the Constitution of tlie United States. ARTICLE I. Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, cr prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances. ARTICLE II. A well regulated militia being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed. ARTICLE III. No soldier shall, in time of peace, be quartered in any house, without the consent of the owner, nor in the time of war, but in a manner to be prescribed by law. ARTICLE IV. The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be vio- lated, and no warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched and the persons or things to be seized. ARTICLE V. No person shall be held to answer for a capital or otherwise in- famous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a grand jury, except in cases arising in the land or naval forces, or in the militia, when in actual service in time of war or public danger; nor shall any person be subject, for the same offense, to be twice put in jeopardy of life or limb; nor shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself, nor be deprived of life, liberty or property without due process of law; nor shall private property be taken for public use without just compensation. 42 Al\IK^l)^r^:NTs to constitution of united states. ARTICLE VI. Ill all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial, by an impartial jury of the State and district wherein the crime shall have been committed, which district shall have been previously ascertained by law, and to be informed of the nature and cause of the accusation; to be confronted with the witnesses against him; to have compulsory process for obtaining witnesses in his favor, and to have the assistance of counsel in his defense. ARTICLE VII. In suits at common law, where the value in controversy shall exceed twenty dollars, the right of trial by jury shall be preserved, and no fact tried by a jury shall be otherwise re-examined in any court of the United States than according to the rules of the common law. ARTICLE VIII. Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted. ARTICLE IX. The enumeration in the Constitution of certain rights, shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people. ARTICLE X. The powers not delegated to the LTnited States by the Constitution nor prohibited by it to the States are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people. ARTICLE XL The judicial power of the United States shall not be construed to extend to any suit in law or equity copimenced or prosecuted against one of the United States by citizens of another State, or by citizens or subjects of any foreign State. ARTICLE XII. The Electors shall meet in their respective States and vote by ballot for President and Vice President, one of whom, at least, shall not be an inhabitant of the same State with themselves; they shall name in their ballots the person voted for as President, and in distinct ballots the person voted for as Vice President, and they shall make distinct lists of all persons voted for as President and of all persons voted for as Vice Presi- dent, and of the number of votes for each, which lists they shall sign and certify and transmit sealed to the seat of the Government of the L'nilod States, directed to the President of the Senate. The President of the Senate shall, in presence of the Senate and House of Representa- AMENDMENTS TO CONSTITUTION OF UNITED STATES. i3 fives, cpen all the certificates, and the votes shall then be counted; the person having the greatest number of votes for President shall be the ] 'resident, if such number be a majority of the whole number of Electors appointed; and, if no person have such majority, then from the persons having the highest numbers not exceeding three on the list of those voted for as President, the House of Eepresentatives shall choose immediately, by ballot, the President. But, in chosing the President, the votes shall be taken by States, the representation from each State having one vote; the quorum for this purpose shall consist of a member or members from two-thirds of the States, and a majority of all the States shall be necessary to a choice. And if the House of Eepresentatives shall not choose a President, whenever the right of choice shall devolve upon them, before the fourth day of March next following, then the Vice Presi- dent shall act as President, as in the case of the death or other constitu- tional disability of the President. The person having the greatest number of votes as Vice President shall be the Vice President, if such number be a majority of the whole number of Electors appointed; and, if no person have a majority, then from the two highest numbers on the list the Senate shall choose the Vice President; a quorum for the purpose shall consist of two-thirds of the whole number of Senators, and a majority of the whole number shall be necessary to a choice. But no person constitution- ally ineligible to the office of President shall be eligible to that of Vice President of the United States. ARTICLE XTII. Section 1. Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime, whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States or any place subject to their juris- diction. Sec. 2. Congress shall have power to* enforce this article by appro- priate legislation. ARTICLE XIV. Section 1. All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States, and of .the State wherein they reside. No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty or property without due process of law, nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of its laws. Sec. 2. Representatives shall be apportioned among the several States according to their respective numbers, counting the whole number of persons in each State, excluding Indians not taxed. But when the right to vote at any election for the choice of Electors for President and Vice President of the United States, Representatives in Congress, the executive and judicial officers of a State, or the members of the Legis- lature thereof, is denied to any of the male inhabitants of such State, 44 AMENDMENTS TO CONSTITUTION OF UNITED STATES. being twenty-one years of age, and citizens of the United States, or in any way abridged, except for participation in rebellion or other crime, the basis of representation therein shall be reduced in the proportion which the number of such male citizens shall be to the whole number of male citizens twenty-one years of age in such State, Sec. 3. No person shall be a Senator or Representative in Congress, or Elector of President and Vice President, or hold any office, civil or military, under the United States, or any State, who, having previously taken an oath as a member of Congress, or as an officer of the United • States, or as a member of any State Legislature, or as an executive or judicial officer of any State, to support the Constitution of the United States, shall have engaged in insurrection or rebellion against the same, or given aid or comfort to the enemies thereof. But Congress may, by a vote of two-thirds of each house, remove such disability. Sec. 4. The validity of the public debt of the United States author- ized by law, including debts incurred for payment of pensions and boun- ties for services in suppressing insurrection and rebellion, shall not be questioned. But neither the United States nor any State shall assume or pay any debt or obligation incurred in aid of insurrection or rebellion against the United States; or any claim for the loss or emancipation of any slaves ; but all such debts, obligations and claims shall be held illegal and void. Sec. 5. The Congress shall have power to enforce, by appropriate legislation, the provisions of this article. ARTICLE XV. Section 1. The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the LTnited States or by any State on account of race, color or previous condition of servitude. Sec. 2. The Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation. TREATY WITH FRENCH REPUBLIC. 45 TREATY BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND THE FRENCH REPUBLIC. The President of the United States of America and the First Consul of the French Kepublic, in the name of the French people, desiring to remove all sources of misunderstanding relative to objects of discussion mentioned in the second and fifth articles of the convention of the eighth Vendemaire an 9 (thirtieth September, 1800), relative to the rights claimed by the United States, in virtue of the treaty concluded at Madrid the twenty-seventh of October, 1795, between his Catholic Majesty and the said United States, and willing to strengthen the union and friend- ship which at the time of said convention was happily re-established between the two nations, have respectively named their plenipotentiaries, to-wit: the President of the United States of America, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate of the said States, Robert R. Livings- ton, Minister Plenipotentiary of the United States, and James Monroe, Minister Plenipotentiary and Envoy Extraordinary of the said States, near the Government of the French Republic; and the First Consul, in the name of the French people, citizen Francis Barbe Marbois, Minister of the Public Treasury, who, after having respectively exchanged their full powers, have agreed to the following articles: ARTICLE L Whereas, By the article the third of the treaty concluded at St. Ildelfonso, the ninth Vendemaire, an 9 (first October, 1800), between the First Consul of the French Republic and his Catholic JMajesty, it was agreed as follows: "His Catholic Majesty promises and engages on his part to cede to the French Republic, six months after the full and entire e.\ecutions of the conditions and stipulations herein relative to his royal higlmess the Duke of Panna, the colony or province of Louisiana, with the same extent that it now has in the hands of Spain, and that it had when France possessed it; and such as it should be after the treaties subsequently entered into between Spain and other States." And, ivhereas, in pursuance of the treaty, and particularly of the third article, the French Republic has an incontestable title to the domain and to the pos- session of the said territory: the First Consul of the French Republic desiring to give to the United States a strong proof of his friendship, doth hereby cede to the said United States, in the name of the French Repub- lic, forever and in full sovereignty, the said territory with all its rights 46 TRKATV WiTEi FRENCH REPUBLIC. and appurtenances, as fully and in the same manner as they have been acquired by the French Republic in virtue of the above mentioned treaty concluded with his Catholic Majesty. ARTICLE II. In the cession made by the preceding article are included the adjacent islands belonging to Louisiana, all public lots and squares, vacant lands, and all public buildings, fortifications, barracks, and' other edifices which are not private property. The archives, papers and documents relative to the domain and sovereignty of Louisiana and its dependencies will be left in the possession of the commissaries of the United States, and copies will be afterwards given in due form to the magistrates and municipal officers of such of the said papers and documents as may be necessary to them. ARTICLE III. The inhabitants of the ceded territory shall be incorporated in the Union of the United States, and admitted as soon as possible, according to the principles of tlie Eederal Constitution, to the enjoyment of all the rights, advantages and immunities of citizens of the United States; and, in the meantime, they shall be maintained and protected in the free eujoyment of their liberty, property and the religion which they profess. ARTICLE IV. There shall be sent by the government of France a commissary to Louisiana, to the end that he do every act necessary as well to receive from the officers of his Catholic Majesty the said country and its depend- encies, in the name of the French Republic, if it has not been already done, as to transmit it, in the name of tlie French Republic, to the com- missary or agent of the United States. ARTICLE V. Immediately after the ratification of the present treaty by the Presi- dent of the United States, and in case that of the First Consul shall have previously obtained, the commissary of the French Republic shall remit all the military posts of New Orleans, and other parts of the ceded terri- tory, to the commissary or commissaries named by the President to take possession ; the troops, whether of France or Spain, who may be there, shall cease to occupy any military post from the time of taking possession and shall he embarked as soon as possible, in the course of three months after the ratification of this treaty. ARTICLE VI. The United States promise to execute such treaties and articles as may liave been agreed between Spain and the tribes and nations of TREATY WITH FRENCH REPUBLIC. 47 Indians, until, by mutual consent of the United States and the said tribes or nations, other suitable articles shall have been agreed upon. AETICLE VII. As it is reciprocally advantageous to the commerce of France and the United States to encourage the communication of both nations for a limited time in the country ceded by the present treaty, until general arrangements relative to the commerce of both nations may be agreed on, it has been agreed between the contracting parties that the French ships, coming directly from France or any of her colonies, loaded only with the produce or manufactures of France or her said colonies and the ships of Spain, coming directly from Spain or any of her colonies, loaded only with the produce or manufactures of Spain or her colonies, shall be admitted during the space of twelve years in the port of New Orleans, and in all other legal ports of entry within the ceded territory, in the same manner as the ships of the United States coming directly from France or Spain, or any of their colonies, without being subject to any other or greater duty on merchandise, or other or greater tonnage than those paid by the citizens of the United States. During the space of time above mentioned no other nation shall have a right to the same privileges in the ports of the ceded territory; the twelve years shall commence three months after the exchange of ratifica- tions, if it shall take place in France, or three months after it shall have been notified at Paris to the French Government, if it shall take place in the United States; it is, however, well understood that the object of the above article is to favor the manufactures, commerce, freight and naviga- tion of France and of Spain, so far as relates to the importations that the French and Spanish shall make into the said ports of the United States, without in any sort affecting the regulations that the United States may make concerning the exportation of the produce and merchan- dise of the United States, or any right they may have to make such regu- kitions. AETICLE VIII. In future and forever after the expiration of the twelve years the ships of France shall be treated upon the footing of the most favored nations in the ports above mentioned. AUTICLE IX. The particular convention signed this day by the respective ministers, having for its object to provide for the payment of debts due to th^ citi- zens of the United States by the French Republic, prior to the thirtieth of September, 1800, (8th Vendemaire, 9), is approved, and to have its execution in the same manner as if it had been inserted in the present treaty, and it shall be ratified in the same form and in the same time, so that the one shall not be ratified distinct from the other. Another particular convention, signed at the same date as the present 48 TREATY WITH FRENCH REPUBLIC. treaty, relative to a definitive rule between the contracting parties, is in the like manner approved and will be ratified in the same form and in the same time and jointly. AKTICLE X. The present treaty shall be ratified in good and due form, and the ratification shall be exchanged in the space of six months after the date of the signatures by the ministers plenipotentiaries, or sooner, if possible. In faith whereof the respective plenipotentiaries have signed these articles in the French and English languages ; declaring, nevertheless, that the present treaty was originally agreed to in the French language; and have thereunto put their seals. Done at Paris the tenth day of Floreal, in the eleventh year of the French Republic, and the thirtieth April, 1803. ROBERT R. LIVINGSTON, (l. s.) JAMES MONROE, (l. s.) F. BARBE MARBOIS. (l. s.) LAWS DEFINING THE LIMITS OF THE STATE OF LOUISIANA. AN ACT Erecting Louisiana into two Territories^ and Providing fok THE TeMIORABY GOVERNMENT THEREOF. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America, in Congress assembled. That b^u^n^darie^s^ljf all that portion of country ceded by France to the United the Territory States, under the name of Louisiana, which lies south of the act o/con-^ Mississippi territory, and of an east and west line to commence ^'''^**' .'^P" , ,r- .... 1 , . , . , , ^ , , proved March on the Mississippi river, at the thirty-third degree of north lat- 20, 1804. itude, and to extend west to the western boundary of the said cession, shall constitute a territory of the United States, undei- the name of the Territory of Orleans, the government whereof shall be organized and administered as follows : We, the representatives of the people of all that part of the territory or country ceded, under the name of Louisiana, by the treaty made at Paris, on the thirtieth day of April, one the Constitu- thousand eight hundred and three, between the United States g't^ate^^of^^ j^d France, contained in the following limits, to-wit: Begin- r>ouisiana of . 181'' iiing at the mouth of the river Sabine, thence by a line to be drawn along the middle of said river, including all its islands, to the thirty-second degree of latitude; thence due north to the northernmost part of the thirty-third degree of north lati- tude; thence along the said parallel of latitude to the river Mississippi ; tiience down the said river to the river Iberville, and from thence along the middle of the said river and lakes Maurepas and Pontchartrain to the Gulf of Mexico; thence, bounded by the said gulf, to the place of beginning, including all islands within three leagues of the coast, in convention assembled, by virtue of an act of Congress, entitled "An Act to enable the people of the Territory of Orleans to form a con- stitution and State government, and for the admission of said State into the Union on an equal footing with the original 50 LAWS ni:FINING LIMITS OF STATE OF LOUISIANA. States, and for other purposes." In order to secure to all the citizens thereof the enjoyment of the right of life, liberty and property, do ordain and establish the following constitution or form of government, and do mutually agree with each other to form ourselves into a free and independent State, by the name of the State of Louisiana. AN ACT To Enlarge the Limits of Louisiana. Be it enacted hy the Senate and House of Representatives Rniarsiug the of the United states of America, in Congress assembled, That Hraits of the ij^ case the Legislature of the State of Louisiana shall consent Louisiana. thereto, all that tract of country comprehended within the fol- lowing bounds, to-wit: Beginning at the junction of the Iber- ville with the river Mississippi, thence along the middle of the Iberville, the river Amite, and of the lakes Maurepas and Pont- chartrain, to the eastern mouth of the Pearl river; thence up the eastern branch of Pearl river to the thirty-first degree of north latitude; thence along the said degree of latitude to the river Mississippi ; thence down the said river to the place of beginning, shall become and form a part of the said State of Louisiana, and be subject to the constitution and laws thereof, in the same manner and for all intents and purposes as if it had been included within the original boundaries of the said State. Sec. 2. And he it further enacted. That it shall be incum- bent upon the Legislature of the State of Louisiana, in case they consent to the incorporation of the territory aforesaid within their limits, at their first session, to make provision by law for the representation of the said territory in the Legisla- ture of the State, upon the principles of the constitution, and for the securing to the people of the said torritoiy, equal rights, privileges, benefits and advantages, wuth those enjoyed by the people of the other parts of the State; which law shall be liable to revision, modification and amendment by Congress, and also in the manner provided for the amendment of the State consti- tution, but shall not be liable to change or amendment by the Legislature of the State. H. CLAY, Speaker of the House of Representatives. WM. n. CRAWFOKD, Presideid of the Senate pro tempore. Approved April 14, 1812. JAMES MADISON. LAWS DEFINING LIMITS OF STATE OF LOUISIANA. 51 A RESOLUTION Giving the Assent of the Legislature to an Enlargement of THE Limits of the State of Louisiana. Resolved, hy the Senate and House of Representatives of the State of Louisiana, in General Asserably convened. That Approving the whereas the Senate and House of Eepresentatives of the ^^'^^f^^^°^ United States of America, in Congress assembled, by an act of Louisiana, entitled "An Act to enlarge the limits of the State of Louis- iana," have provided that in case the Legislature of the State of Louisiana shall consent thereto, all that tract of country comprehended within the following bounds, to-wit : Beginning at the junction of the Iberville with the river Mississippi; thence along the middle of the Iberville, the river Amite, and the lakes Maurepas and Pontchartrain, to the mouth of the Pearl river; thence up the eastern branch of Pearl river to the thirty-first degree of north latitude; thence along the said degree of latitude to the river Mississippi ; thence- down the said river to the place of beginning, shall become and form a part of the said State of Louisiana, and be subject to the con- stitution and laws thereof in the same manner and for all intents and purposes, as if it had been included within the original boundaries of said State. Be it therefore resolved, and it is herehy resolved. That the Senate and House of Representatives of the State of Louis iana, in General Assembly convened, do approve of and con- sent to the enlargement of the limits of the said State of Louis- iana, in manner as provided by the above in part recited act of Congress, hereby declaring that the same shall forever be and remain a part of the State of Louisiana. P. B. St. MARTIX. SpeaTcer of the House of Representatives. J. POYDRAS, President of the Senate. August 4, 1812. Approved : WILLIAM C. C. CLAIBORNE, Governor of the State of Louisiana. 52 TERRITORIAL ORDINANCE RELATING TO PUBLIC LANDS. TERRITORIAL ORDINANCE RELATING TO PUBLIC LANDS. AN ORDINANCE Relating to the Public Lands op the United States, and Tfti: Lands of Non-Resident Proprietors, Citizens of said States, within the Territory of Orleans. Be it ordained hy the Representatives of the people of the Territory of Orleans, in Convention assernbled, agreeably to an act of Congress entitled, "An Act to enable the people of the Territory of Orleans to form a constitution and State govern- ment, and for the admission of such State into the Union, on an equal footing with the original States, and for other pur- poses," That the people inhabiting the said Territory do agree and declare that they do forever disclaim all rights or title to the waste or unappropriated lands lying within the said Terri- tory; and that the same shall be and remain at the sole and entire disposition of the United States. And he it further enacted, hy the authority aforesaid. That Lands exempt each and every tract of land, sold by Congress, shall be and for five years remain exempt from any tax laid on under the authority of the Lhe^ulfited'"^ State of Louisiana, either for State, county, township, parish, States. or any other purposes whatever, for the term of five years from and after the respective days of the sales thereof, and that the lands''^not^to^' ^^'^^'^ belonging to the citizens of the United States residing be taxed without the said State of Louisiana, shall never be taxed residents' higher than the lands belonging to persons residing therein ; lands. an(j |^}jat no taxes shall be imposed on lands the property of the United States. And he it further ordained, hy the authority aforesaid, That this ordinance shall never be revoked, without the con- sent of the United States, in Congress assembled, being first obtained for this purpose. Done in Convention at New Orleans, this day of December, one thousand eight hundred and eleven, and of the Independence of the United States of America the thirty-sixth. J. POYDRAS, President. By order: EL. FROl^IENTIN, Secretary. CONSTITUTIONS OF THE STATE OF LOUISIANA. Constitution of 1812. Adopted at New Orleans, Jan. 22, 1812. We. the representatives of the people of all that part of the territory or country ceded under the name of Louisiana, by the treaty made at Paris, on the thirtieth day of April, one thousand eight hundred and three, between the United States and France, contained in the follow- ing limits, to-wit : Beginning at the mouth of the river Sabine, thence by a line to be drawn along the middle of said river, including all its islands, to the thirty-second degree of latitude; thence due north to the northernmost part of the thirty-third degree of north latitude ; thence along the said parallel of latitude to the river Mississippi ; thence down the said river to the river Iberville, and from thence along the middle of the said river and lakes Maurepas and Pontchar- train to the Gulf of Mexico ; thence, bounded by the said gulf, to the place of begining, including all islands within three leagues of the coast, in Convention assembled, by virtue of an act of Congress, entitled, "An act to enable the people of the Territory of Orleans to form a Constitution and State Government, and for the admission of said State into the Union, on an equal footing with the original States, and for other purposes"; in order to secure to all the citizens thereof, the enjoyment of the right of life, liberty and property, do ordain and establish the folowing Constitution or form of govern- ment, and do mutually agree with each other to form ourselves into a free and independent State, by the name of the State of Louisiana. ARTICLE I. CONCERNING THE DISTRIBUTION OF THE POWERS OP GOVERNMENT. Section 1. The powers of the Government of the State of Louisiana shall be divided into three distinct departments, and each of them be confided to a separate body of magistracy, viz. : those which are legislative to one; those which are executive, to another; and those which are judi- ciary, to another. Sec. 2. No person or collection of persons, being one of those depart- ments, shall exercise any power properly belonging to either of the others ; except in the instances hereinafter expressly directed or permited. ARTICLE 11. CONCERNING THE LEGISLATIVE DEPARTMENT. Section 1. The legislative power of this State shall be vested in two distinct branches, the one to be styled the House of Representatives, the 56 CONSTITUTION OF 1812. other, the Senate; and both together, the General Assembly of the State of Louisiana. Sec. 2. The members of the House of Representatives shall continue in service for the term of two years from the day of the commencement of the general election. Sec. 3. Representatives shall be chosen on the first Monday of July, every two years; and the General Assembly shall convene on the first Monday in Januai-y in every year, unless a different day he appointed by law, and their sessions shall be held at the seat of Government. Sec. 4. No person shall be a Representative who, at the time of his election, is not a free white male citizen of the United States, and hath not attained to the age of twenty-one years, and resided in the State two years next preceding his election, and the last year thereof in the county for which he may be chosen, or in the district for which he is elected, in case tbe said counties may be divided into separate districts of election, and has not held, for one year, in the said county or district, landed prop- erty to the value of five hundred dollars, agreeably to the last list. Sec. 5. Elections for Representatives for the several counties en- titled to representation, shall be held at the places of holding their respec- tive courts, or in the several election precincts into which the Legislature may think proper, from time to time, to divide any or all of those counties. Sec. 6. Representation shall be equal and imiform in this State, and shall be forever regulated and ascertained by the number of qaulified electors therein. In the year one thousand eight hundred and thirteen, and every fourth year thereafter, an enumeration of all the electors shall be made in such manner as may be directed by law. The number of Rep- resentatives shall, in the several years of making these enumerations, be so fixed as not to be less than twenty-five nor more than fifty. Sec. Y. The House of Representatives shall choose its Speaker and other officers. Sec. 8. In all elections for Representatives every free white male citizen of the United States, who at the time being hath attained to the age of twenty-one years, and resided in the county in which he offers to vote one year next preceding the election, and who, in the last six months prior to the said election, shall have paid a State tax, shall enjoy the right of an elector: Provided, however, That every free white male citizen of the United States who shall have purchased land from the United States, shall have the right of voting whenever he shall have the other qualifica- tions of age and residence above prescribed. Electors shall, in all cases, except treason, felony, breach or surety of peace, be privileged from arrest during their attendance at, going to, or returning from elections. Sec. 9. The members of the Senate shall be chosen for the term of four years, and when assembled, have the power to choose its officers annually. Sec. 10. The State shall be divided into fourteen Senatorial Dis- tricts, which shall forever remain indivisible, as follows : The parishes of CONSTITUTION OF 1812. 57 St. Bernard and Plaquemines, including the country above as far as the canal (Des Peclieurs), on the east of the Mississippi, and on the west aa far as Bernoudy's canal, shall form one district. The city of New Orleans, beginning at the Nun's Plantation, above, and extending below as far as the above mentioned canal (Des Pecheurs), including the inhabitants of the bayou St. John, shall form the second district; the remained of the County of Orleans shall form the third district. The counties of German Coast, Acadia, Lafourche, Iberville, Pointe Coupee, Concordia, Attakapas, Opelousas, Rapides, Natchitoches and Ouachita, shall each form one district, and each district shall elect a Senator. Sec. 11. At the session of the General Assembly, after this Consti- tution takes effect, the Senators shall be divided by lot, as equally as may be, into two classes; the seats of the Senators of the first class shall be vacated at the expiration of the second year; of the second class, at the expiration of the fourth year, so that one-half shall be chosen every two years, and a rotation thereby kept up perpetually. Sec. 12. No person shall be a Senator who, at the time of his election, is not a citizen of the United States, and who hath not attained to the age of twenty-seven years, resided in this State four years next preceding his election, and one year in the district in which he may be chosen; and unless he holds within the same a landed property to the value of one thousand dollars, agreeably to the tax list. Sec. 13. The first election for Senators shall be general throughout the State, and at the same time that the general election for Representa- tives is held ; and thereafter there shall be a biennial election of Senators to fill the places of those whose time of service may have expired. Sec. 14. Not less than a majority of the members of each house of the General Assembly shall form a quorum to do business; but a smaller number may adjourn from day to day, and shall be authorized by law to compel the attendance of absent members, in such manner and under such penalties as may be prescribed thereby. Sec. 15. Each house of the General Assembly shall judge of the qualifications, elections and returns of its members ; but a contested elec- tion shall be determined in such manner as shall be directed by law. Sec. 16. Each house of the General Assembly may determine the rules of its proceedings, punish a member for disorderly behavior, and with the concurrence of two-thirds expel a member, but not a second time for the same offense. Sec. 17. Each house of the General Assembly shall keep and publish weekly, a journal of its proceedings, and the yeas and nays of the mem- bers on any question shall, at the desire of any two of them, be entered on their journal. Sec. 18. Neither house, during the session of the General Assembly shall, vsdthout the consent of the other, adjourn for more than three days, nor to any other place than that to which they may be sitting. Sec. 19. The members of the General Assembly shall, severally, receive from the public treasury a compensation for their services, which 58 CONSTITUTION OF 1812. shall be four dollars per day, during their attendance on, going to and returning from the session of their respective houses: Provided, That the same may be increased or diminished by law; but no alteration shall take effect during the period of service of the members of the House of Representatives, by vphom'such alteration shall have been made. Sec. 20. The members of the General Assembly shall, in all cases, except treason, felony, breach or surety of the peace, be privileged from arrest, during their atendance at the sessions of their respective houses, and going to or returning from the same, and for any speech or debate in either house they shall not be questioned in any other place. Sec. 21. No Senator or Representative shall, during the term for which he was elected, nor for one year thereafter, be appointed or elected to any civil office of profit under this State, which shall have been created, or the emoluments of which shall have been increased during the time such Senator or Representative was in office, except to such offices or appointments as may be filled by the elections of the people. Sec. 22. No person, while he continues to exercise the functions of a clergyman, priest or teacher of any religious persuasion, society or sect, shall be eligible to the General Assembly, or to any office of profit or frust under this State. Sec. 23. No person who, at any time, may have been a collector of taxes for the State, or the assistant or deputy of such collector, shall be eligible to the General Assembly, until he shall have obtained a quietus for the amount of such collection, and for all public moneys for which he may be responsible. Sec. 24. No bill shall have the force of a law until, on three several days, it be read over in each house of the General Assembly, and free dis- cussion allowed thereon; unless, in case of urgency, four-fifths of the house where the bill shall be depending may deem it expedient to dispense with this rule. Sec. 2.5. All bills for raising revenue shall originate in the House of Representatives but the Senate may propose amendments, as in other bills : Provided, That they shall not introduce any new matter, under the color of an amendment, which does not relate to raising a revenue. Sec. 26. The General Assembly shall regulate, by law, by whom and in what manner writs of election shall be issued to fill the vacancies which may happen in either branch thereof. ARTICLE in. CONCERNING THE EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT. Section 1. The supreme executive power of the State shall be vested in the chief magistrate, who shall be styled the Governor of the State of Louisiana. Sec. 2. The Governor shall be elected for the term of four years, in the following manner: The citizens entitled to vote for Representatives shall vote for a Governor at the time and place of voting for Representa- CONSTITUTION OF 1812. 59 tives and Senators. Their votes shall be returned by the persons presid- ing over the elections to the seat of Government, addressed to the Presi- dent of the Senate ; and on the second day of the General Assembly, the members of the two houses shall meet in the House of Kepresentatives, and immediately after, the two candidates who shall have obtained the greatest nimiber of votes shall be balloted for, and the one having a majority of votes shall be Governor; Provided, however. That if more than two candidates have obtained the highest number of votes, it shall be the duty of the General Assembly to ballot for them in the manner above prescribed, and in case several candidates should obtain an equal number of votes, next to the candidate who has obtained the highest number, it shall be the duty of the General Assembly to select in the same manner, the candidate who is to be balloted for with him who has obtained the highest number of votes. Sec. 3. The Governor shall be ineligible for the succeeding four years after the expiration of the time for which he shall have been elected. Sec. 4. He shall be at least thirty-five years of age, and a citizen of the United States, and have been an inhabitant of this State at least six years preceding his election, and shall hold in his own right a landed estate of five thousand dollars value, agreeably to the tax list. Sec. 5. He shall commence the execution of his office on the fourth Monday succeeding the day of his election, and shall continue in the exe- cution thereof, until the end of four weeks next succeeding the election of his successor, and until his successor shall have taken the oaths of affirm- ations prescribed by this Constitution. Sec. 6. No member of Congress, or person holding any office under the United States, or minister of any religious society, shall be eligible to the office of Governor. Sec. 7. The Governor shall, at stated times, receive for his services a compensation which shall neither be increased nor diminished during the term for which he shall have been elected. Sec. 8. He shall be commander in chief of the army and navy of this State, and of the militia thereof, except when they shall be called into the service of the United States, but he shall not command personally in the field, unless he shall be advised so to do by a resolution of the Generally Assembly. Sec. 9. He shall nominate and appoint, with the advice and consent, of the Senate, judges, sheriffs, and all other officers whose offices are established by this Constitution, and whose appointments are not herein otherwise provided for; Provided, however, That the Legislature shall have a right to prescribe the mode of appointment of all other officers to be established by law. Sec. 10. The Governor shall have power to fill up vacancies that may happen during the recess of the Legislature, by granting commis- sions which shall expire at the end of the next session. Sec. 11. He shall have power to remit fines and forfeitures, and. 60 CONSTITUTION OP 1812. except in cases of impeacliment, to grant reprieves and pardons, with the approbation of the Senate. In cases of treason he shall have power to grant reprieves until the end of the next session of the General Assembly in which the power of pardoning shall be vested. Sec. 12. He may require information, in writing, from the officers in the executive department, upon any subject relating to the duties of their respective offices. Sec. 13. He shall, from time to time, give to the General Assembly information respecting the situation of the State, and recommend to their consideration such measures as he may deem expedient. Sec. 14. He may, on extraordinary occasions, convene the General Assembly at the seat of Government, or at a diiferent place, if that should have become dangerous from an enemy or from contagious disorders; and in case of disagreement between the two houses with respect to the time of adjournment, he may adjourn them to such time as he may think proper, not exceeding four months. Sec. 15. He shall take care that the laws be faithfully executed. Sec. 16. It shall be his duty to visit the different counties at least once in every two years, to inform himself of the state of the militia and the general condition of the country. Sec. 17. In case of the impeachment of the Governor, his removal from office, death, refusal to qualify, resignation, or absence from the State, the President of the Senate shall exercise all the power and authority appertaining to the office of Governor, until another be duly qualified, or the Governor absent or impeached shall return or be acquitted. Sec. 18. The President of the Senate, during the time he admin- isteres the Government, shall receive the same compensation which the Governor would have received had he been employed in the duties of his office. Sec. 19. A Secretary of State shall be appointed and commissioned during that tefm for which the Governor shall have been elected, if he shall so long behave himself well; he shall keep a fair register, and attest all official acts and proceedings of the Governor, and shall, when required, lay the same and all papers, minutes and vouchers relative thereto, before either house of the General Assembly, and shall perform such other duties as may be enjoined him by law. Sec. 20. Every bill which shall have passed both houses shall be presented to the Governor; if he approve, he shall sign it; if not, he shall return it, with his objections, to the house in which it shall have origin- ated, who shall enter the objections at large upon their journal, and pro- ceed to reconsider it; if, after such reconsideration, two-thirds of all the members elected to that house shall agree to pass the bill, it shall be sent, with the objections, to the other house, by which it shall likewise be recon- sidered, and if approved by two-thirds of all the members elected to that house, it shall be a law; but, in such cases, the votes of both houses shall be determined by yeas and nays, and the names of the members voting for and against the bill shall be entered on the journal of each house, res- CONSTITUTION OF 1812. 61 pectively. If any bill shall not be returned by the Governor within ten days (Sundays excepted), after it shall have been presented to him, it shall be a law in like manner as if he had signed it, unless the General Assembly, by their adjournment, prevent its return, in which case it shall be a law, unless sent back within three days after their next meeting. Sec. 21. Eveiy order, resolution or vote, to which the concurrence of both houses may be necessary, except on a question of adjournment, shall be presented to the Governor, and before it shall take effect, be approved by him ; or, being disapproved, shall be repassed by two-thirds of both houses. Sec. 22. The free white men of this State shall be armed and dis- ciplined for its defense ; but those who belong to religious societies whose tenets forbid them to carry arms, shall not be comi)elled so to do, but shall pay an equivalent for personal eervice. Sec. 23. The militia of this State shall be organized in such manner as may be hereafter deemed most expedient by the Legislature. AETICLE IV. CONCERNING THE JUDICIARY DEPARTMENT. Section 1. The judiciary power shall be vested in a Supreme Court and inferior courts. Sec. 2. The Supreme Court shall have appellate jurisdiction only, which jurisdiction shall extend to all civil cases when the mater in dis- pute shall exceed the sum of three hundred dollars. Sec. 3. The Supreme Court shall consist of no less than three judges, nor more than five, the majority of w^hom shall form a quorum; each of said judges shall receive a salary of five thousand dollars, annually. The Supreme Court shall hold its sesseions at the places herein- after mentioned ; and for that purpose the State is hereby divided into two districts of appellate jurisdiction, in each of which the Supreme Court shall administer justice in the manner hereinafter prescribed. The East- em District to consist of the counties of Orleans, German Coast, Acadia, Lafourche, Iberville and Pointe Coupee; the Western District to consist of the counties of Attakapas, Opelousas, Rapides, Concordia, Natchito- ches and Ouachita. The Supreme Court shall hold its sessions in each year for the Eastern District, in New Orleans, during the months of November, December, January, February, March, April, May, June and July; and for the Western District, at the Opelousas, during the months of August, September and October, for five years : Provided, however. That every five years the Legislature may change the place of holding said court in the Western District. The said court shall appoint its own clerks. Sec. 4. The Legislature is authorized to establish such inferior courts as may be convenient to the administration of justice. Sec. 5. The judges, both of the Supreme and inferior courts, shall . hold their offices during good behavior ; but for any reasonable cause 62 CONSTITUTION OF 1812. which shall not be sufficient ground for impeachment, the Governor shall remove any of them, on the address of three-fourths of each house of the General Assembly : Provided, however, That the cause or causes for which such removal may be required, shall be stated at length in the address, and inserted on the journal of each house. Sec. 6. The judges, by virtue of their office, shall be conservators of the peace throughout the State; the style of all process shall be"The State of Louisiana." All prosecutions shall be carried on in the name and by the authority of the State of Louisiana, and conclude 'against the peace and dignity of the same.' Sec. 7. There shall be an Attorney General for the State, and as many other prosecuting attorneys for the State as may be hereafter found necessary. The said attorneys shall be appointed by the Governor, with the advice and approbation of the Senate. Their duties shall be deter- mined by law. Sec. 8. All commissions shall be in the name and by authority of the State of Louisiana, and sealed with the State seal, and signed by the Governor. Sec. 9. The State Treasurer, and Printer or Printers of the State shall be appointed annually, by the joint vote of both houses of the General Assembly: Provided, That during the recess of the same, the Governor shall have power to fill vacancies which may happen in either of the said offices. Sec. 10. The clerks of the several courts shall be removable for breach of good behavior, by the court of appeals only, who shall be judge of the fact as well as of the law. Sec. 11. The existing laws of this Territory, when this Constitu- tion goes into effect, shall continue to be in force until altered or abolished by the Legislature: Provided, however, That the Legislature shall never adopt any system or code of laws, by a general reference to the said system or code; but in all cases, shall specify the several provisions of the laws it may enact. Sec. 12. The judges of all the courts within this State shall, as often as it may be possible so to do, in every definite judgment, refer to the par- ticular law, in virtue of which such judgment may have been rendered; and in all cases, adduce the reasons on which their judgment is founded. ARTICLE V. CONCERNING IMPEACHMENT. Section 1. The power of impeachment shall be vested in the House of Representatives alone. Sec. 2. All impeachment shall be tried by the Seinate. Wlhen sitting for that purpose the Senators shal be upon oath or affirmation, and no person shall be convicted without the concui'rence of two-thirds of the members present. Sec. 3. The Governor and all the civil officers shall be liable to CONSTITUTION OF 1812. 63 impeachment for any misdemeanor in office ; but Judgment, in such cases, shall not extend further than to the removal from office and disqualifica- tion to hold any office of honor, trust or profit under this State; but the parties convicted shall nevertheless be liable and subject to indictment, trial and punishment, according to law. ARTICLE VI. GENERAL PRO^aSIONS. Section 1. Members of the General Assembly, and all officers, executive and judicial, before they can enter upon the execution of their respective offices, shall take the follovping oath or affirmation: "I (A.B.) do solemnly swear (or afiirm) that I will faithfully and impartially dis- charge and perform all the duties incumbent on me as , accord- ing to the best of my abilities and understanding, agreeably to the rules and regulations of the Constitution and the laws of the State, so help me God." Sec. 2. Treason against the State shall consist only in levying war against it or in adhering to its enemies, giving them aid and comfort. No person shall be convicted of treason, unless on the testimony of two witnesses to the same overt act, or his own confession in open court. Sec. 3. Every person shall be disqualified from serving as Governor, Senator or Representative, for the term for which he shall have been elected, who shall have been convicted of having given or offered any bribe to procure his election. Sec. 4. Laws shall be made to exclude from office and from suffrage those who shall thereafter be convicted of bribery, perjuiy, forgery or other high crimes or misdemeanors ; the privilege of free suffrage shall be supported by laws regulating elections and prohibiting, under adequate penalties, all undue influence thereon from power, bribery, tumult, or other improper practices. Sec. 5. No money shall be drawn from the treasuiy but in pursu- ance of appropriations made by law, nor shall any appropriation of money for the support of an army be made for a longer term than one year; and a regular statement and account of the receipts and expendi- tures of all public money shall be published annually. Sec. 6. It shall be the duty of the General Assembly to pass such laws as may be necessary and proper to decide differences by arbitrators, to be appointed by the parties who may choose that summary mode of adjustment. Sec. Y. All civil officers of the State at large shall reside within the State, and all district or county officers within their respective districts or counties, and shall keep their respective offices at such places therein as may be required by law. Sec. 8. The Legislature shall determine the time of duration of the several public offices when such time shall not have been fixed by this Constitution, and all civil officers except the Governor and judges of the 64 CONSTITUTION OF 1812. superior and inferior courts shall be removable by an address of two- thirds of the members of both houses, except those, the removal of whom has been otherwise provided for by this Constitution. Sec. 9. Absence on the business of this State or of the United States shall not forfeit a residence once obtained so as to deprive any one of the right of suffrage, or of being elected or appointed to any office under this State, under the exceptions contained in this Constitution. Sec. 10. It shall be the duty of the General Assembly to regulate by law in what cases and what deduction from the salaries of public officers sliall be made for neglect of duty in their official capacity. Sec. 11. Returns of all elections for the members of the General Assembly shall be made to the Secretary of State for the time being. Sec. 12. The Legislature shall point out the manner in which a man coming into the country shall declare his residence. Sec. 13. In all elections by the people, and also by the Senate and House of Representatives, jointly or separately, the vote shall be given by ballot. Sec. 14. No member of Congress, nor person holding or exercising any office of trust or profit under the United States, or either of them, or under any foreign powers, shall be eligible as a member of the General Assembly of this State, or hold or exercise any office of trust or profit, under the same. Sec. 15. All laws that may be passed by the Legislature, and the public records of this State, and the judicial and legislative written pro- ceedings of the same, shall be promulgated, preserved and conducted in the language in which the Constitution of the United States is written. Sec. 16. The General Assembly shall direct by law how person l- who are now or may hereafter become securities for public officers may be relieved or discharged on account of such securityship. Sec. 17. No power of suspending the laws of this State shall be exercised unless by the Legislature or its authority. Sec. 18. In all criminal prosecutions, the accused has the right of being heard by himself or counsel, of demanding the nature and cause of the accusation against him, of meeting the witnesses face to face, of having compulsory process lor obtaining witnesses in his favor, and prosecutions by indictment or information, a speedy public trial by an impartial jury of the vicinage, nor shall he be compelled to give evidence against himself. Sec. 19. All pi*isoners shall be bailable by sufficient securities, unless for capital offenses, where the proof is evident or the presumption great, and tho privilege of the writ of habeas corpus shall not be suspended, unless when in cases of rebellion or invasion the public safety may require it. Sec. 20. No ex post facto law, nor any law impairing the obligation of contracts, shall be passed. Sec. 21. Printing presses shall be free to every person who under- takes to examine the proceedings of the Legislature, or any other brancli CONSTITUTION OF 1812. 65 of the Government, and no law shall ever be made to restrain the rights thereof. The free communications of thoughts and opinions is one of the invaluable rights of man, and every citizen may freely speak, write and print on any subject, being responsible for the abuse of that liberty. Sec. 22. Emigration from the State shall not be prohibited. Sec. 23. The citizens of the town of New Orleans shall have the right of appointing the several public officers necessary for the admini- stration and the police of the said city, pursuant to the mode of election which shall be prescribed by the Legislature; provided, that the Mayor and Recorder be ineligible to a seat in the General Assembly. Sec. 24. The seat of Government shall continue at New Orleans until removed by law. Sec. 25. All laws contrary to this Constitution shall be null and void. ARTICLE VII. MODE OF REVISING THE CONSTITUTION. Section 1. When experience shall point out the necessity of amend- ing this Constitution, and a majority of all the members elected to each house of the General Assembly shall, within the first twenty days of their stated annual session, concur in passing a law, specifying the alterations intended to be made, for taking the sense of the good people of this State, as to the necessity and expediency of calling a convention, it shall be the duty of the several returning officers at the next general election which shall be held for Representatives, after the passage of such law, to open a poll for, and make return to the Secretary for the time being of the names of all those entitled to vote for Representatives, who have voted for calling a convention; and, if thereupon it shall appear that a majority of all the citizens of this State entitled to vote for Representatives, have voted for a convention, the General Assembly shall direct that a similar poll shall be opened, and taken for the next year; and, if thereupon it shall appear that a majority of all the citizens of this State entitled to vote for Representatives have voted for a convention, the General Assembly shall, at their next session call a convention, to consist of as many members as there shall be in the General Assembly, and no more, to be chosen in the same manner and proportion, at the same places and at the same time that Representatives are, by citizens entitled to vote for Representatives; and to meet within three months after the said election for the purpose of readopting, amending or changing this Constitution. But, if it shall appear by the vote of either year, as aforesaid, that a majority of all the citizens entitled to vote for Representatives did not vote for a convention, a convention shall not be called. SCHEDULE. Section 1. That no inconvenience may arise from the change of a territorial to a permanent State Government, it is declared by the Con- vention that all rights, suits, actions, prosecutions, claims and contracts, 66 CONSTITUTION OF 1812. both as it respects individuals and bodies corporate, shall continue as if no change had taken place in this Government in virtue of the laws now in force. Sec. 2. All fines, penalties and forfeitures, due and owing to the Territory of Orleans, shall inure to the use of the State. All bonds executed to the Governor or any other officer in his official capacity, in the Territory, shall pass over to the Governor or to the officers of the State and their successors in office, for the use of those concerned, as the case may be. Sec. 3. The Governor, Secretary and judges, and all other officers under the Territorial Government, shall continue in the exercise of the duties of their respective departments until the said officers are superceded under the authority of this Constitution. Sec. 4. All laws now in force in this Territory, not inconsistent with this Constitution, shall continue and remain in full effect until repealed by the Legislature. Sec. 5. The Governor of this State shall make use of his private seal until a State seal be procured. Sec. 6. The oaths of office herein directed to be taken may be administered by any justice of the peace, until the Legislature shall otherwise direct. Sec. 7. At the expiration of the 'time after which this Constitution is to go into operation, or immediately after official information shall have been received that Congress have approved of the same, the Presi- dent of the Convention shall issue writs of election to the proper officers in the different counties, enjoining them to cause an election to be held for Governor and members of the General Assembly in each of their respective districts. The election shall commence on the fourth Monday following the day of the date of the President's proclamation, and shall take place on the same day throughout the State. The mode and dura- tion of the said election shall be determined by the laws now in force; provided, however, that in case of absence or disability of the President of the Convention to cause the said election to be carried into effect, the Secretary of the Convention shall discharge the duties hereby imposed on the President; and that, in case of absence of the Secretary, a com- mittee of Messrs. Blanque, Brown and Urquart, or a majority of them, shall discharge the duties herein imposed on the Secretary of the Con- Tention; and the members of the General Assembly thus elected shall assemble on the fourth Monday thereafter at the seat of Government. The Governor and members of the General Assembly, for this time only, shall enter upon the duties of their respective offices immediately after their election, and shall continue in office in the manner and during the same period they would have done had they been elected on the first Monday of July, one thousand eight hundred and twelve. Sec. 8. Until the first enumeration shall be made, as directed in the •ixth flection of the second article of this Constitution, the county of Orleans shall be entitled to six Eepresentatives, to be elected as follows: CONSTITUTION OP 1812. 67 one by the First Senatorial District within the said county, four by the Second District, and one by the Third District; the County of German Coast, to two Representatives ; the County of Arcadia, to two Eepresenta- tives; the County of Iberville, to two Representatives; the County of Lafourche, to two Representatives, to be elected as follows: one by the Parish of Assumption, and the other by the Parish of the Interior; the County of Rapides, to two Representatives; the County of Natchitoches, to one Representative; the County of Concordia, to one Representative; the County of Ouachita, to one Representative ; the County of Opelousas, to two Representatives; the County of Attakapas, to three Representa- tives, to be elected as follows : Two by the Parish of St. Martin, and the third by the Parish of St. Mary; and the respective Senatorial Districts created by this Constitution, to one Senator each. Done in Convention at New Orleans the twenty-second day of the month of January, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and twelve, and of the Independence of the United States of America the thirty-sixth. J. POYDRAS, President of the Convention. J. D. Degoutin Bellechasse, J. Blanque, F. J. LeBreton D'Orgenoy^ More. Guichard, S. Henderson^ Denis Delaronde^ F. LiVAUDAIS, B. Marigny, Thomas Urquhart, Jacques Villere, John Watkins, Samuel Winter, of the county of Orleans. James Brown, Jean-Noel Destrehan, Adre. La Branche, of the county of German Coast. Michel Cantrelle, J. M. Reynaud, Genezi Roussin, of the county of Acadia. Amant Hebert, William Wikoff, Jr., of the county of Iberville. P. Boissier, J. Prud'homme, Willum Goforth, Bela Hubbard, Jr., St. Martin, H. S. Thibodaux, of the county of Lafourche. S. HiRIART, of the county of Pointe Coupee. R. Hall, Thos. F. Oliver, Levi Wells, of the county of Rapides. James Dunlap, David B. Morgan, of the county of Concordia. Henry Bry, of the county of Ouachita. Allan B. Marguder, D. J. Sutton, John Thompson, of the county of Opelousas. Louis De Blanc, Henry Johnson, W. C. Maquille, Chas. Olivier, Alexander Porter, of the county of Attakapas. of the county of Natchitoches. ELIGIIJS FROMENTIN, Secretary of the Convention. Constitution of 1845 Adopted May 14, 1845. PREAMBLE. We^ the people of the State of Louisiana, do ordain and establish this Constitution. TITLE I. DISTRIBUTION OF POWERS. Art. 1. The powers of the Government of the State of Louisiana shall be divided into three distinct departments, and each of them be confined to a separate body of magistracy, to-wit: Those which are legis- lative to one; those which are executive to another; and those which are judicial to another. Art. 2. No one of these departments, nor any person holding office in one of them, shall exercise power properly belonging to either of the others, except in the instances hereinafter expressly directed or per- mitted. TITLE II. LEGISLATIVE DEPARTMENT. Art. 3. The legislative power of the State shall be vested in two distinct branches, the one to be styled the "House of Representatives," the other the "Senate," and both the "General Assembly of the State of Louisiana." Art. 4. The members of the House of Representatives shall con- tinue in sei'vice for the term of two years from the day of the closing of the general elections. Art. 5. Representatives shall be chosen on the first Monday in November, every two years; and the election shall be completed in one day. The General Assembly shall meet eveiy second year, on the third Monday in January next ensuing the election, unless a different day be appointed by law, and their sessions shall be held at the seat of Govern- ment. Aht. 6. No person shall be a Representative who at the time of his election is not a free white male, and has not been for three years a citizen of the United Stales, and has not attained the age of twenty-one years, and resided in the State for the three years next preceding the CONSTITUTION OF 1845. 69 election, and the last year thereof in the parish for which he may be chosen. Art. 7. Election for Representatives for the several parishes or Representative Districts shall be held at the several election precincts established by. law. The Legislature may delegate the power of establishing election precincts to the parochial or municipal authorities. Art. 8. Representation in the House of Representatives shall be equal and uniform, and shall be regulated and ascertained by the number of qualified electors. Each parish shall have at least one Representative ; no new parish shall be created with a territoi-y less than six hundred and twenty-five sqviare miles, nor with a number of electors less than the full number entitling it to a Representative, nor when the creation of such new parish would leave any other parish without the said extent of terri- tory and number of electors. The first enumeration to be made by the State authorities under this Constitution shall be made in the year 1847; the second, in the year 1855, and the subsequent enumerations shall be made every tenth year thereafter in such manner as shall be prescribed by law for the purpose of ascertaining the total population and the number of qualified electors in each parish and election district. At the first regular session of the Legislature after the making of each enumeration, the Legislature shall apportion the representation amongst the several parishes and election districts on the basis of quali- fied electors, as aforesaid. A representative number shall be fixed, and each parish and election district shall have as many Representatives as the aggregate number of its electors will entitle it to, and an additional Representative for any fraction exceeding one-half of the representative number. The number of Representatives shall not be more than one hun- dred, not less than seventy. That part of the Parish of Orleans situated on the left bank of the Mississippi shall be divided into nine Representative Districts, as follows, viz.: First — First District to extend from the line of the Parish of Jeffer- son to the middle of Benjamin. Estelle and Thalia streets. Second — Second District to extend from the last mentioned limit-^ to the middle of Julia street, until it strikes the New Orleans Canal ; thence down said caual to the lake. Third — Third District to comprise the residue of the Second Munici- pality. FourtJir—Yonrt}! District to extend from the middle of Canal street to the middle of St. Louis street, until it reaches the Metairie road; thence along said road to the IsTew Orleans Canal. Fifth — Fifth District to extend from the last mentioned limits to the middle of St. Philip street; thence down said street until its intersection with the Bayou St. John ; thence along the middle of said bayou until it intersects the Metairie road; thence along said road until it reaches St. Louis street. 70 CONSTITUTION OF 1845. Sixth — Sixth District to comprise the residue of the First Munici- pality. Seventh — Seventh District, from the middle of Esplanade street to the middle of Champs Elysees street. Eighth — Eighth District, from the middle of Champs Elysees street to the middle of Enghein street and Lafayette avenue. Ninth — Ninth District, from the middle of Enghein street and Lafayette avenue to the lower limits of the parish. Art. 9. The House of Representatives shall choose its Speaker and other officers. Art. 10. In all elections by the people, every free white male, who has been two years a citizen of the United States, who has attained the age of twenty-one years, and resided in the State two consecutive years next preceding the election, and the last year thereof in the parish in which he offers to vote, shall have the right of voting; provided, that no person shall be deprived of the right of voting who, at the time of the adoption of this Constitution, was entitled to that right under the Con- stitution of 1812. Electors shall in all cases, except treason, felony, breach of surety of the peace, be privileged from arrest during their attendance at, going to, or returning from elections. Art. 11. Absence from the State for more than ninety consecutive days shall interrupt -the acquisition of the residence required in the pre- ceding section, unless the person absenting himself shall be a house- keeper, or shall occupy a tenenient for carrying on business, and his dwelling house or tenement for carrying on business shall be actually occupied during his absence by his family or servants, or some portion thereof, or by some one employed by him. Art. 12. No soldier, seaman or marine in the army or navy of the United States, no pauper, no person under interdiction, nor under convic- tion of any crime punishable with hard labor, shall be entitled to vote at f'Uy election in this State. Art. 13. No person shall be entitled to vote at any election held in this State, except in the parish of his residence, and in cities and towns divided into election precincts, in the election precinct in which he resides. Art. 14. The members of the Senate shall be chosen for the term of four years. The Senate, when assembled, shall have the power to choose its officers every two years. Art. 15. The Legislature, in every year in which they shall appor- tion representation in the House of Representatives, shall divide the State into Senatorial Districts. No parish shall be divided in the fonnation of a Senatorial District, the Parish of Orleans excepted. And, whenever a new parish shall be created, it shall be attached to the Senatorial District from which most of its territory was taken, or to another contiguous district, at the discretion of the Ivegislature; but shall not be attached to more than one district. The number of Senators shall be thirty-two, and they shall be apportioned among the Senatorial Districts according to CONSTITUTION OF 1845. 71 the total population contained in the several districts; provided, that ^^' parish shall be entitled to more than one-eighth of the whole number cf Sejiators. Art. 16. In all apportionments of the Senate, the population of the City of New Orleans shall be deducted from the population of the whole State, and the remainder of the population divided by the number twenty-eight, and the result produced by this division shall be the sen- atorial ratio entitling a Senatorial District to a Senator. Single or con- tiguous parishes shall be fomied into districts having a population the nearest possible to the number entitling a district to a Senator; and, if ia the apportionment to be made a parish or district fall short of or exceed the ratio one-fifth, then a district may be formed having not more than two Senators, but not otherwise. No new apportionment shall have the effect of abridging the term of service of any Senator already elected at the time of making the apportionment. After an enumeration has been made as directed in the (eighth) article, the Legislature shall not pass any law until an apportionment of representation in both houses of the General Assembly be made. Art. lY. At the first session of the General Assembly after this Constitution takes effect, the Senators shall be equally divided by lot into two classes; the seats of the Senators of the first class shall be vacated at the expiration of the second year; of the second class, at the expira- tion of the fourth year; so that one-half shall be chosen every two years and a rotation thereby kept up periDetually. In case any district shall have elected two or more Senators, said Senators shall vacate their seats respectively at the end of two and four years, and lots shall be drawn betwen them. Art. 18. No person shall be a Senator who, at the time of his elec- tion, has not been a citizen of the United States ten years, and who has not attained the age of twenty-scA'en years, and resided in the State four years next preceding his election, and the last year thereof in the district in which he may be chosen. Art. 19. The first election for Senators shall be general throughout the State, and at the same time that the general election for Kepresenta- tives is held ; and thereafter there shall be biennial elections to fill the places of those whose time of service may have expired. Art. 20. Not less than a majority of the members of each house of tlie General Assembly shall form a quorum to do business; but a smaller number may adjourn from day to day, and shall be authorized by law to compel the attendance of absent members. Art. 21. Each house of the General Assembly shall judge of the qualification, election and returns of its members; but a contested election shall be determined in such manner as shall be directed by law. Art. 22. Each house of the General Assembly may determine the rules of its proceedings, punish a member for disorderly behavior, and \\Tth the concurrence of two-thirds expel a member, but not a second time for the same offense. 72 CONSTITUTION OF 1845. Art. 23. Each house of the General Assembly shall keep and pub- lish weekly a journal of its proceedings, and the yeas and nays of its members on any question shall, at the desire of any two of them, be entered on the journal. Art. 24. Each house may punish by imprisonment any person not a member, for disrespectful and disorderly behavior in its presence, or for obstructing any of its proceedings. Such imprisonment shall not exceed ten days for any one offense. Art. 25. Neither house, during the session of the General Assembly, shall, without the consent of the other, adjourn for more than three days, nor to any other place than that in which they may be sitting. Art. 26. The members of the General Assembly shall receive from the public treasury a compensation for their services, which shall be four dollars per day during their attendance, going to and returning from the session of their respective houses. The compensation may be increased or diminished by law; but no alteration shall take effect during the period of service of the members of the House of Eepresentatives by whom such alteration shall have been made. No session shall extend to a period beyond sixty days, to date from its commencement, and any legislative action had after the expiration of the said sixty days shall be null and void. This provision shall not apply to the first Legislature which is to convene after the adoption of this Constitution. Art. 27. The members of the General Assembly shall, in all cases except treason, felony, breach of surety of the peace, be privileged from arrest during their attendance at the sessions of their respective houses, and going to or returning from the same ; and for any speech or debate in either house they shall not be questioned in any other place. Art. 28. No Senator or Representative shall, during the term for which he was elected, nor for one year thereafter, be appointed or elected to any civil office of profit under this State which shall have been created or the emoluments of which shall have been increased during the time such Senator or Representative was in office, except to such offices or appoint- ments as may be filled by the elections of the people. Art. 29. No person, while he continues to exercise the functions of a clergyman, priest or teacher of any religious persuasion, society or sect, shall be eligible to the General Assembly. Art. 30. No person who at any time may have been a collector of taxes, or who may have been otherwise intrusted with public money, shall be eligible to the General Assembly or to any office of profit or trust under the State Government until he shall have obtained a discharge for the amount of such collections, and for all public moneys with which he may have been intrusted. Art. 31. No bill shall have the force of a law until on three several days, it be read over in each house of the General Assembly, and free dis- cussion allowed thereon; unless in case of urgency, four-fifths of the house where the bill shall be pending, may deem it expedient to dispense with this rule. CONSTITUTION OF 1845. 73 Art. 32. All bills for raising revenue shall originate in tlie House of Representatives, but the Senate may propose amendments, as in other bills; provided, they shall not introduce any new matter imder the color of an amendment which does not relate to raising revenue. Art. 33. The General Assembly shall regulate by law, by whom and in what manner writs of election shall be issued to fill vacancies which may happen in either branch thereof. Art. 34. A majority of the members elected to the Senate shall be required for the confirmation or rejection of officers to be appointed by the Governor, with the advice and consent of the Senate; and the Senate in deciding thereon, shall vote by yeas and nays, and the names of the Senators voting for and against the appointments, respectively, shall be entered on a journal to be kept for that purpose, and made public at the end of each session, or before. Art. 35. Returns of all elections for members of the General Assembly shall be made to the Secretary of State. Art. 36. A Treasurer of the State shall be elected biennially by joint ballot of the two houses of the General Assembly. The Governor shall have power to fill any vacancy that may happen in that office during the recess of the Legislature. Art. 37. In the year in which a regular election of a Senator of the United States is to take place, the members of the General Assembly shall meet in the Hall of the House of Representatives on the Monday following the meeting of the Legislature, and proceed to the said election. TITLE in. EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT. Art. 38. The supreme executive power of the State shall be vested in a chief magistrate, who shall be styled the Governor of the State of Louisiana. He shall hold office during the term of four years; and, together with the Lieutenant Governor, chosen for the same term, be elected as follows: The qualified electors for Representatives shall vote for a Governor and Lieutenant Governor at the time and place of voting for Representatives; the returns of every election shall be sealed up and transmitted by the proper returning officer to the Secretary of State, who shall deliver them to the Speaker of the House of Representatives on the second day of the session of the General Assembly then next to be holden. The members of the General Assembly shall meet in the House of Repre- sentatives to examine and count the votes. The person having the greatest number of votes for Governor shall be declared duly elected; but if two or more persons shall be equal, and the highest in the number of votes polled for Governor, one of them shall immediately be chosen Governor, by joint vote of the members of the General Assembly. The person having the greatest number of votes for Lieutenant Governor shall be Lieutenant Governor; but, if two or more persons shall be equal, and highest in the number of votes polled for Lieutenant Governor, one of 74 CONSTITUTION Oi" 1845. them shall be immediately chosen Lieutenant Governor by joint vote of the members of the General Assembly. Art. 39. No person shall be eligible to the office of Governor or Lieutenant Governor who shall not have attained the age of thirty-five years, been fifteen years a citizen of the L^nited States, and a resident within the State for the same space of time next preceding his election. Art. 40. The Governor shall enter on the discharge of his duties on the fourth Monday of Januaiy next ensuing his election, and shall continue in office until the Monday next succeeding the day that his suc- cessor shall have been declared duly elected, and shall have taken the oath or affirmation prescribed by this Constitution. .^RT. 41. The Governor shall be ineligible for the succeeding four years after the expiration of the time for which he shall have been elected. Art. 42. No member of Congress or person holding any office under the United States, or minister of any religious society, shall be eligible to the office of Governor or Lieutenant Governor. Art. 43. In case of the impeachment of the Governor, his removal from office, death, refusal or inability to qualify, resignation or absence from the State, the powers and duties of the office shall devolve upon the Lieutenant Governor for the residue of the term, or until the Governor, absent or impeached, shall return or be acquitted. The Legislature may provide by law for the case of removal, impeachment, death, resignation, disability or refusal to qualify of both the Governor and Lieutenant Gov- ernor, declaring what officer shall act as. Governor; and such officer shall act accordingly, until the disability be removed, or for the residue of the term. Art. 44. The Lieutenant Governor or other officer discharging the duties of Governor, shall, during his administration, receive the same com- pensation to which the Governor would have been entitled had he con- tinued in office. Art. 45. The Lieutenant Governor shall, by virtue of his office, be President of the Senate, but shall have only a casting vote therein. When- ever he shall administer the Government, or shall be unable to attend as President of the Senate, the Senators shall elect one of their own members as President of the Senate for the time being. Art. 46. While he acts as President of the Senate, the Lieutenant Governor shall receive for his services the same compensation which shall for the same period be allowed to the Speaker of the House of Representa- tives, and no more. Art. 47. The Governor shall have power to grant reprieves for all offenses against the State, and, except in cases of impeachment, shall, with the consent of the Senate, have power to grant pardons and remit fines and forfeitures, after conviction. In cases of treason he may grant reprieves until the end of the next session of the General Assembly, in which the power of pardoning shall be vested. Art. 48. The Governor shall, at stated times, receive for his services CONSTITUTION OF 1845. 75 a compensation which shall neither be increased nor diminished during the term for which he shall have been elected. Art. 49. He shall be commander in chief of the army and navy of this State and of the militia thereof, except when they shall be called into the service of the United States. Art. 50. He shall nominate, and by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, appoint all officers whose offices are established by this Con- stitution and whose appointment is not therein otherwise provided for; provided, however, that the Legislature shall have a right to prescribe the mode of appointment to all other offices established by law. Art. 61. The Governor shall have power to fill vacancies that may happen during the recess of the Senate, by granting commissions which shall expire at the end of the next session, unless otherwise provided for by this Constitution ; but no person who has been nominated for office and rejected by the Senate shall be appointed to the same office during the recess of the Senate. Art. 52. He may require information in writing from the officers of the Executive department upon any subject relating to the duties of their respective offices. Art. 53. He shall, from time to time, give to the General Assembly information respecting the situation of the State, and recommend to their consideration such measures as he may deem expedient. Art. 54. He may, on extraordinary occasions, convene the General Assembly at the seat of Government, or at a different place, if that should have become dangerous from an enemy or from epidemic ; and in case of disagreement between the two houses as to the time of adjournment, he may adjourn them to such time as he may think proper, not exceeding four months. Art. 55. He shall take care that the laws be faithfully executed. Art. 56. Every bill which shall have passed both houses shall b° presented to the Governor; if he approve, he shall sign it; if not, he shall return it, with his objections, to the house in which it originated, which shall enter the objections at large upon its journal, and proceed to recon- sider it; if, after such consideration, two-thirds of all the members elected to that house shall agree to pass the bill, it shall be sent, with the objections, to the other house, by which it shall likewise be reconsidered, and, if approved by two-thirds of all the members elected to that house, it shall be a law ; but in such cases the vote of both houses shall be deter- mined by yeas and nays, and the names of the members voting for and against the bill shall be entered on the journal of each house respectively. If any bill shall not be returned by the Governor within ten days (Sun- days excepted) after it shall have been presented to him, it shall be a law in like manner as if he had signed it, unless the General Assembly, by adjournment, prevent its return, in which case it shall be a law, unless sent back within three days after their next meeting. Art. 57. Every order, resolution, or vote, to which the concurrence of both houses may be necessary, except on a question of adjournment. 76 CONSTITUTION OP 1845. shall be presented to the Governor, and before it shall take effect, be approved by him; or being disapproved, shall be repassed by two-thirds of the members elected to each house of the General Assembly. Art. 58. There shall be a Secretary of State who shall hold his office during the time for which the Governor shall have been elected. The records of the State shall be kept and preserved in the office of the Sec- retary; he shall keep a fair register of the official acts and proceedings of the Governor, and when necessary shall attest them. He shall, when required, lay the said register, and all papers, minutes and vouchers rela- tive to his office, before either house of the General Assembly, and shall perform such other duties as may be enjoined on him by law. Art. 59. All commissions shall be in the name and by the authority of the State of Louisiana, and shall be sealed with the State seal and signed by the Governor. Art. 60. The free white men of the State shall be armed and disci- plined for its defense; but those who belong to religious societies whose tenets forbid them to carry arms shall not be compelled so to do, but shall pay an equivalent for personal services. Art. 61. The militia of the State shall be organized in such manner as may be hereafter deemed most expedient by the Legislature. TITLE IV. JUDICIARY DEPARTMENT. Art. 62. The judicial power shall be vested in a supreme court, in district courts, and in justices of the peace. Art. 63. The Supreme Court, except in cases hereinafter provided, shall have appellate jurisdiction only; which jurisdiction shall extend to all cases when the matter in dispute shall exceed three hundred dollars; and to all cases in which the constitutionality or legality of any tax, toll or impost of any kind or nature soever, shall be in contestation, whatever may be the amount thereof; and likewise to all fines, forfeitures, and penalties imposed by municipal corporations, and in criminal cases on questions of law alone, whenever the punishment of death or hard labor may be inflicted, or when a fine exceeding three hundred dollars is actu- ally imposed. Art. 64. The Supreme Court shall be composed of one Chief Justice and of three associate justices, a majority of whom shall constitute a quorum. The Chief Justice shall receive a salary of six thousand dollars, and each of the associate justices a salary of five thousand five hundred dollars annually. The court shall appoint its own clerks. The judges shall be appointed for a term of eight years. Art. 65. When the first appointments are made under this Consti- tution, the Chief Justice shall be appointed for eight years, one of the associate judges for six years, one for four years and one for two years; and, in the event of death, resignation or removal of any of said judges CONSTITUTION OF 1845. 77 before the expiration of the period for which he was appointed, his suc- cessor shall be appointed only for the remainder of this term, so that the term of service of no two of said judges shall expire at the same time. Art. 66. The Supreme Court shall hold its sessions in New Orleans from the first Monday of the month of November, to the end of the month of June inclusive. The Legislature shall have power to fix the sessions elsewhere during the rest of the year; until otherwise provided, the sessions shall be held as heretofore. Art. 67. The Supreme Court, and each of the judges thereof, shall have power to issue writs of habeas corpus, at the instance of all persons in actual custody under process in all cases in which they may have appellate jurisdiction. Art. 68. In all cases in which the judges shall be equally divided in opinion, the judgment appealed from shall stand affirmed; in which case each of the judges shall give his separate opinion in writing. Art. 69. All judges by virtue of their office shall be conservators of the peace throughout the State. The style of all process shall be "The State of Louisiana." All prosecutions shall be carried on in the name, and by the authority of the State of Louisiana, and conclude against the peace and dignity of the same. Art. 70. The judges of ail courts within the State shall, as often as it may be possible so to do, in every definite judgment, refer to the particular law in virtue of which such judgment may be rendered, and in all cases adduce the reasons on which their judgment is founded. Art. 71. No court or judge shall make any allowance by way of fee or compensation in any suit or proceedings except for the payment of such fees to ministerial officers as may be established by law. Art. 72. No duties or functions shall ever be attached by law to the Supreme or District Courts, or to the several judges thereof, but such as are judicial; and the said judges are prohibited from receiving any fees of office or other compensation than their salaries for any civil duties performed by them. Art. 73. The judges of all courts shall be liable to impeachment; but for any reasonable cause, which shall not be sufficient ground for impeachment, the Governor shall remove any of them, on the address of three-fourths of the members present of each house of the General Assembly. In every such case, the cause or causes for which such removal may be required shall be stated at length in the address, and inserted in the journal of each house. Art. 74. There shall be an Attorney General for the State, and as many district attorneys as may be hereafter found necessary. They shall hold their office for two years; their duties shall be determined by law. Art. 75. The first Legislature assembled under this Constitution shall divide the State into judicial districts, which shall remain unchanged 78 CONSTITUTION OF 1845. for six years, and be subject to reorganization every sixth year there- after. The number of districts shall not be less than twelve, nor more than twenty. For each district, one judge, learned in the law, shall be appointed, except in the districts in which the Cities of New Orleans and Lafayette are situated, in which the Legislature may establish as many District Courts as the public interest may require. Art. 76. Each of the said judges shall receive a salary to be fixed by law, which shall not be increased or diminished during his term of office, and shall never be less than two thousand five hundred dollars annually. Lie must be a citizen of the United States, over the age of thirty years, and have resided in the State six years next preceding his appointment, and have practiced law therein for the space of five years. Art. 77. The judges of the Districts Courts shall hold their offices for the term of six years. The judges first appointed shall be divided by lot into three classes, as nearly equal as can be, and the term of office of the judges of the first class shall expire at the end of two years, of the second class at the end of four years, and of the third class at the end of six years. Art. 78. The District Courts shall have original jurisdiction in all civil cases, when the amount in dispute exceeds fifty dollars, exclusive of interest. In all criminal cases, and in all matters connected with successions, their jurisdiction shall be unlimited. Art. 79. The Legislature shall have power to vest in clerks of courts authority to grant such orders, and do such acts as may be deemed necessary for the furtherance of the administration of justice, and in all cases the powers thus granted shall be specified and determined. Art. 80. The clerks of the several courts shall be removable for breach of good behavior by the judges thereof, subject in all cases to an appeal to the Supreme Court. Art. 81. The jurisdiction of justices of the peace shall never exceed, in civil cases, the sum of one hundred dollars, exclusive of interest, subject to appeal to the District Court in such cases as shall be provided for by law. They shall be elected by the qualified voters of each parish, for the term of two years and shall have such criminal jurisdiction as shall be provided for by law. Art. 82. Clerks of the District Courts in this State shall be elected by the qualified electors in each parish, for the term of four years, and should a vacancy occur subsequent to an election, it shall be filled by the judge' of the court in which such vacancy exists, and the person so appointed shall hold his office until the next general election. Art. 83. A sheriff and a coroner shall be elected in each parish, by the qualified voters thereof, who shall hold their offices for the term of two years, unless sooner removed. Should a vacancy occur in either of these offices subsequent to an election, it shall be filled by the Governor; and the person so appointed shall continue in office until his successor shall be elected and qualified. CONSTITUTION OP 1845. 79 TITLE V. IMPEACHMENT. Art. 84. The power of impeachment shall be vested in the House of Representatives. Art. 85. Impeachments of the Governor, Lieutenant Governor, Attorney General, Secretary of State, State Treasurer, and of the judges of the District Courts, shall be tried by the Senate ; the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, or the senior judge thereof, shall preside during the trial of such impeachment. Impeachments of the judges of the Supreme Court shall be tried by the Senate. When sitting as a Court of Impeach- ment, the Senators shall be upon oath or affirmation, and no person shall be convicted without the concurrence of two-thirds of the Senators present. Art. 86. Judgments in cases of impeachment shall extend only to removal from office and disqualification from holding any office of honor, trust or profit under this State, but the parties convicted shall, neverthe- less, be subject to indictment, trial and punishment according to law. Art. 87. All officers against whom articles of impeachment may be preferred, shall be suspended from the exercise of their functions during the pendency of such impeachment. The appointing power may make a provisional appointment to replace any suspended officer until the deci- sion on the impeachment. Art, 88. The Legislature shall provide by law for the trial, punish- ment and removal from office, of all other officers of the State, by indict- ment or otherwise. TITLE VI. GENERAL PROVISIONS. Art. 89. Members of the General Assembly, and all officers, before they enter upon the duties of their offices shall take the following oath or affirmation: "I (A. B.), do solemnly swear (or affirm), that I will faithfully and impartially discharge and perform all duties incumbent on me as , according to the best of my abilities and understanding, agreeably to the Constitution and laws of the United States, and of this State; and I do, further, solemnly swear (or affirm) that, since the adop- tion of the present Constitution, I, being a citizen of this State, have not fought a duel with deadly weapons within this State, nor out of it, with a citizen of this State, nor have I sent or accepted a challenge to fight a duel with deadly weapons with a citizen of this State, nor have I acted as second in carrying a challenge, or aided, advised, or assisted any person thus offending, so help me God." Art. 90. Treason against the State shall consist only in levying war against it, or in adherino- to its enemies, giving them aid and comfort, ^o person shall be convicted of treason, unless on the testimony of two witnesses to the same overt act, or his own confession in open court. Art. 91. Every person shall be disqualified from holding any office o 80 CONSTITUTION OP 1845. of trust or prolit in tliis JState, who shall have been convicted of having given, or ottered, a bribe to procure his election or appointment. Art. 92. Laws shall be made to exclude from office and from the right of suifrage, those who shall hereafter be convicted of bribery, per- jury, forgery, or other high crimes or misdemeanors. The privilege of free suffrage shall be supported by laws regulating elections, and pro Mbiting under adequate penalties all undue influence thereon, from power, bribery, tumult or other improper practice. Art. 93. No money shall be drawn from the Treasury but in pur- suance of specific appropriations made by law, nor shall any appropria- tion of money be made for a longer term than two years. A regular statement and account of the receipts and expenditures of all public moneys shall be published annually, in such manner as shall be prescribed by law. Art. 94. It shall be the duty of the General Assembly to pass such laws as may be necessary and proper to decide differences by arbi- tration. Art. 95. All civil officers for the State at large shall reside within the State, and all district or parish officers within their districts or par- ishes, and shall keep their offices at such places therein as may be required by law. And no person shall be elected or appointed to any parish office who shall not have resided in such parish long enough before such elec- tion, or appointment, to have acquired the right of voting in such parish; and no person shall be elected or appointed to any district office, who shall not have resided in such district, or an adjoining district, long enough before such appointment, or election, to have acquired the right of voting for the same. Art. 96. The duration of all offices not fixed by this Constitution shall never exceed four years. Art. 97. All civil officers, except the Governor and judges of the Supreme and District Courts, shall be removable by an address of a majority of the members of both houses, except those the removal of whom has been otherwise provided for by this Constitution. Art. 98. Absence on the business of this State or of the United States, shall not forfeit a residence once obtained, so as to deprive any one of the right of suffrage, or of being elected or appointed to any office under the exceptions contained in this Constitution. Art. 99. It shall be the duty of the Legislature to provide by law for deductions from the salaries of public officers who may be guilty of a neglect of duty. Art. 100. The Legislature shall point out the manner in which a person coming into the State shall declare liis residence. Art. 101. In all elections by the people, the vote shall be by ballot, and in all elections by the Senate and House of Representatives, jointly or separately, the vote shall be given viva voce. Art. 102. No member of Congress, nor person holding or exercising any office of trust or profit under the United States, or either of them. CONSTITUTION OF 1845. 81 or under any foreign power, shall be eligible as a member of the General Assembly, or hold or exercise any office of trust or profit under the State. Art. 103. The laws, public records, and the judicial and legislative written proceedings of the State, shall be promulgated, preserved and con- ducted in the language in which the Constitution of the United States is written. Art. 104. The Secretary of the Senate, and Clerk of the House of Representatives, shall be conversant with the French and English lan- guages ; and members may address either house in the French or English language. Art. 105. The General Assembly shall direct by law how persons who are now or may hereafter become sureties for public officers may be discharged from such suretyship. Art. 106. No power of suspending the laws of the State shall be exercised, unless by the Legislature or its authority. Art. 107. Prosecutions shall be by indictment, or information. The accused shall have a speedy public trial by an impartial jury of the vicinage; he shall not be compelled to give evidence against himself; he shall have the right of being heard by himself or counsel ; he shall have the right, unless he shall have fied from justice, of meeting the witnesses face to face, and shall have compulsory process for obtaining witnesses in his favor. Art. 108. All prisoners shall be bailable by sufficient sureties, unless for capital offenses, where the proof is evident or presumption great ; and the privilege of the writ of habeas corpus shall not be suspended, unless when, in case of rebellion or invasion, the public safety may require it. Art. 109. No ex post facto law, nor any law impairing the obliga- tion of contracts, shall be passed; nor vested rights be divested, unless for purposes of public utility, and for adequate compensation previously made. Art. 110. The press shall be free. Every citizen may freely speak, write or publish his sentiments on all subjects; being responsible for an abuse of this liberty. Art. 111. Emigration from the State shall not be prohibited. Art. 112. The General Assemblv, which shall meet after the first election of Representatives under this Constitution, shall, within the first month after the commencement of the session, designate and fix the seat of Government, at some place not less than sixty miles from the City of New Orleans, by the nearest traveling route; and if on the Mississippi, by the meanders of the same ; and when so fixed, it shall not be removed without the consent of four-fifths of the members of both houses of the General Assembly. The sessions shall be held in New Orleans until the end of the year 1848. Art. 113. The Legislature shall not pledge the faith of the State for the payment of any bonds, bills, or other contracts or obligations, for the benefit or use of any person or persons, corporations or body politic whatever. But the State shall have the right to issue new bonds in pay- 82 CONSTITUTION OF 1845. ment of its outstanding obligations or liabilities, whether due or not ; the said new bonds, however, are not to be issued for a larger amount, or at a higher rate of interest, than the original obligations they are intended to replace. Art. 114. The aggregate amount of debts hereafter contracted by the Legislature shall never exceed the siim of one hundred thousand dol- lars, except in case of war, to repel invasions or suppress insurrections, unless the same be authorized by some law, for some single object or work, to be distinctly specified therein ; which law shall provide ways and means, by taxation, for the payment of running interest during the whole time for which said debt shall be contracted, and for the full and punct- ual discharge at maturity of the capital borrowed; and said law shall be irrepealable until principal and interest are fully paid and discharged, and shall not be put into execution until after its enactment by the first Legislature returned by a general election after its passage. Art. 115. The Legislature shall provide by law for a change of venue in civil and criminal cases. Art. 116. No lottery shall be authorized by this State, and the buy- ing and selling of lottery tickets within the State is prohibited. Art. 117. No divorce shall be granted by the Legislature. Art. 118. Every law enacted by the Legislature shall embrace but one object, and that shall be expressed in the title. Art. 119. No law shall be revised or amended by reference to its title; but in such case, the act revised, or section amended, shall be re-en- acted and published at length. Art. 120. The Legislature shall never adopt any system or code of laws by general reference to such system or code of laws, but in all cases shall specify the several provisions of the laws it may enact. Art. 121. The State shall not become subscriber to the stock of any corporation or joint stock company. Art. 122. No corporate body shall be hereafter created, renewed or extended, with banking or discounting privileges. Art. 123. Corporations shall not be created in this State by special laws, except for political or municipal purposes ; but the Legislature shall provide, by general laws, for the organization of all other corporations, except corporations with banking or discounting privileges, the creation of which is prohibited. Art. 124. From and after the month of January, 1S90, the Legis- lature shall have the power to revoke the charters of all corporations ^\liose charters shall not have expired previous to that time, and no cor- porations hereafter to be created shall ever endure for a longer term than twtnty-five years, except those which are political or municipal. Art. 125. The General Assembly shall never grant any exclusive privilege or monopoly, for a longer period than twenty years. Art. 12fi. No person shall hold or exercise, at the same time, more than one civil office of emolument, except that of jiistice of the peace. Art. 127. Taxation shall be equal and uniform throughout the CONSTITUTION OP 1845. 83 State. After the year 1848 all property, on which taxes may be levied, in this State, shall be taxed in proportion to its value, to be ascertained as directed by law. No one species of property shall be taxed higher than another species of property of equal value, on which taxes shall be levied ; the Legislature shall have the power to levy an income tax, and to tax all persons pursuing any occupation, trade or profession. Art. 128. The citizens of the City of New Orleans shall have the right of appointing the several public officers necessary for the administra- tion of the police of the said city, pursuant to the mode of elections which shall be prescribed by the Legislature; Provided, That the mayor and recorders shall be ineligible to a seat in the General Assembly; and the mayor, recorders and aldermen shall be commissioned by the Governor as justices of the peace, and the Legislature may vest in them such crim- inal jurisdiction as may be necessary for the punishment of minor crimes and offenses, and as the police and good order of said city may require. Art. 129. The Legislature may provide by law in what cases officers shall continue to perform the duties of their offices until their successors shall have been inducted into office. Art. 130. Any citizen of this State who shall, after the adoption of this Constitution, fight a duel with deadly weapons, with a citizen of this State, or send or accept a challenge to fight a duel with deadly weapons, either within the State or out of it, with a citizen of this State, or who shall act as second, or knowingly aid or assist in any manner those thus offending, shall be deprived of holding any office of trust of profit, and of enjoying the right of suffrage under this Constitution. Art. 131. The Legislature shall have the power to extend this Con- stitution and the jurisdiction of this State over any territory acquired by compact with any State, or with the United States, the same being done by the consent of the United States. Art. 132. The Constitution and laws of this State shall be pro- mulgated in the French and English languages. TITLE Vn. PUBLIC EDUCATION. Art. 133. There shall be appointed a Superintendent of Public Education, who shall hold his office for two years. His duties shall be prescribed by law. He shall receive such compensation as the Legislature may direct. Art. 134. The Legislature shall establish free public schools through- out the State, and shall provide means for their support by taxation on property or otherwise. Art. 135. The proceeds of all lands heretofore granted by the United States to this State for the use or support of schools, and of all lands which may hereafter be granted or bequeathed to the State, and not expressly granted or bequeathed for any other purpose, which here- after may be disposed of by the State, and the proceeds of the estates of 84 CONSTITUTION OF 1845. deceased persons to which the State may become entitled by law, shall be held by the State as a loan, and shall be and remain a perpetual fund, on which the State shall pay an annual interest of six per cent., with interest, together with all the rents of the unsold lands, shall be appro- priated to the support of such schools, and this appropriation shall remain inviolable. Art. 136. All moneys arising from the sales which have been or may hereafter be made of any lands heretofore granted by the United States to this State, for the use of a seminary of learning, and from any kind of donation that jnay hereafter be made for that purpose, shall be and remain a perpetual fund, the interest of which, at six per cent, per annum, shall be appropriated to the support of a seminary of learning for the promotion of literature, and the arts and sciences, and no law shall ever be made diverting said fund to any other use than to the estab- lis]:'m(nt and improvement of said seminary of learning. x\rt. 137. A university shall be established in the City of Ne-w Orleans. It shall be composed of four faculties, to-wit: one of law, one of medicine, one of the natural sciences, and one of letters. Art. 138. It shall be called the "University of Louisiana," and the Medical College of Louisiana, as at present organized, shall constitute tha faculty of medicine. Art. 139. The Legislatiu-e shall provide by law for its further organization and government; but shall be under no obligation to con- tribute to the establishment or support of said university by appropri- ations. TITLE Vm. MODE OP REVISING THE CONSTITUTION. Art. 140. Any amendment or amendments to this Constitution maj' be proposed in the Senate or House of Representatives, and if the same shall be agreed to by three-fifths of the members elected to each house, and approved by the Governor, such proposed amendment or amendments shall be entered on their journals, with the yeas and nays taken thereon, and the Secretaiy of the State shall cause the same to be published, three months before the next general election, in at least one newspaper, in Erench and English, in every parish in the State in which a newspaper shall be published; and if, in the Legislature next afterwards chosen, such proposed amendment or amendments shall be agreed to by a majority of the members elected to each house, the Secre- tary of State shall cause the same again to be published in the manner aforesaid, at least three months previous to the next general election for Representatives to the State Legislature, and such proposed amendment or amendments shall be submitted to the people at said election; and if a majority of the qualified electors shall approve and ratify such amend- ment or amendments, the same shall become a part of the Constitution. If more than one amendment be submitted at a time, they shall be sub- CONSTITUTION OF 1845. 85 raitted in such a manner and form that the people may vote for or Kgainst each amendment separately. TITLE IX. SCHEDULE. Art. 141. The Constitution adopted in 1812, is declared to be super- seded by this Constitution, and in order to carry the same into effect it is hereby declared and ordained as follows : Art. 142. All rights, actions, prosecutions, claims and contracts as well of individuals as of bodies corporate, and all laws in force at the time of the adoption of this Constitution, and not inconsistent therewith, shall continue as if the same had not been adopted. Art. 143. Until the first enumeration shall be made as directed in article eighth of this Constitution, the Parish of Orleans shall have twenty Representatives, to be elected as follows, viz: Eight b5' the First Municipality, seven by the Second Municipality, and four by the Third Municipality, to be distributed among the nine Representative Districts as follows, allotting to the First District 2 Second District 3 Third District 3 Fourth District 3 Fifth District 3 Sixth District 2 Seventh District ' 2 Eighth District 1 Ninth District 1 And to that part of the parish on the right bank of the Missis- sippi 1 The parish of Plaquemines .... 3 The parish of St. Bernard 1 The parish of Jefferson 3 The parish of St. Charles 1 The parish of St. John the Baptist 1 The parish of St. James 2 The parish of Ascension 2 The parish of Assumption 3 The parish of Lafourche Interior 3 The parish of Terrebonne 2 The parish of Iberville 2 The parish of West Baton Rouge 1 The parish of East Baton Rouge . 3 The parish of West Feliciana. . . 2 The parish of East Feliciana .... 3 The parish of St. Helena 1 The parish of Washington 1 Total The parish of Livingston 1 The parish of St. Tammany 1 The parish of Pointe Coupee. ... 1 The parish of Concordia 1 The parish of Tensas 1 The parish of Madison 1 The parish of Carroll 1 The parish of Franklin 1 The parish of St. Mary 2 The parish of St. Martin 3 The parish of Vermilion 1 The parish of Lafayette 3 The parish of St. Landry 5 The parish of Calcasieu 1 The parish of Avoyelles 2 The parish of Rapides 3 The parish of Natchitoches 3 The parish of Sabine 2 The parish of Caddo I The parish of DeSoto 1 The parish of Ouachita 1 The parish of Morehouse 1 The parish of Union 1 The parish of Jackson 1 The parish of Caldwell 1 The parish of Catahoula 2 The parish of Claiborne 2 The parish of Bossier 1 98 •86 CONSTITUTION OF 1845. And the State shall be divided into the following Senatorial Dia- tricts: All that portion of the Parish of Orleans lying on the east side of the Mississippi river, shall compose one Senatorial District, and shall elect tour b'enatcrs. The Parishes of Plaquemines, St. Bernard, and that portion of the Parish of Orleans on the right bank of the river, shall compose one dis- trict, with one Senator. The Parish of Jeli'erson shall compose one district, with one Sen- ator. The Parishes of St. Charles and St. John the Baptist shall compose one district, with one Senator. The Parish of St. James shall compose one district, with one Sen- ator. The Parish of Ascension shall compose one district, with one Sen- ator. The Parishes of Assumption, Lafourche Interior and Terrebonne shall compose one district, with two Senators. The Parishes of Iberville and West Baton Rouge shall compose one district, with one Senator. The Parish of East Baton Eouge shall compose one district, with one Senator. The Parish of Pointe Coupee shall compose one district, with one Senator. The Parish of Avoyelles shall compose one district, with one Sen- ator. The Parish of St. Mary shall compose one district, with one Sen- ator. The Parish of St. Martin shall compose one district, with one Sen- ator. The Parishes of Lafayette and Vermilion shall compose one district, with one Senator. The Parishes of St. Landry and Calcasieu shall compose one district, with two Senators. The Parish of West Feliciana shall compose one district, with one Senator. The Parish of East Feliciana shall compose one district, with one Senator. The Parishes of St. Helena and Livingston shall compose one dis- trict, with one Senator. The Parishes of Washington and St. Tammany shall compose one district, with one Senator. The Parishes of Concordia and Tensas shall compose one district, with one Senator. The Parishes of Carroll and Madison shall compose one district, with one Senator. The Parishes of Jackson, Union, Morehouse and Ouachita shall compose one district, with one Senator. CONSTITUTION OP 1845. 87 The Parishes of Caldwell, Franklin and Catahoula shall compose one district, with one Senator. The Parish of Rapides shall compose one district, with one Senator. The Parishes of Bossier and Claiborne shall compose one district, with one Senator. The Parish of Natchitoches shall compose one district, with one Senator. The Parishes of Sabine, DeSoto and Caddo shall compose one district, with one Senator. Art. 144. In order that no inconvenience may result to the public service from the taking effect of this Constitution, no office shall be superseded thereby, but the laws of the State relative to the duties of the several officers, executive, judicial and military, shall remain in full force, though the same be contrary to this Constitution, and the several duties shall be performed by the respective officers of the State, according to the existing laws, until the organization of the Government, under this Constitution, and the entering into office of the new officers, to be appointed under said Government, and no longer. Art. 145. Appointments to office by the executive under this Con- stitution shall be made by the Governor to be elected under its authority. Art. 146. The provisions of article twenty-eight, concerning the inability of members of the Legislature to hold certain offices therein mentioned, shall not be held to apply to the members of the first Legisla- ture elected under this Constitution. Art. 147. The time of seiwice of all officers chosen by the people, at the first election under this Constitution, shall terminate as though the election had been holden on the first [Monday of November, 1845, and they had entered on the discharge of their duties at the time designated therein. Art. 148. The Legislature shall provide for the removal of all causes now pending in the Supreme or other courts of the State under the Constitution of 1812, to courts created by this Constitution. Art. 149. Appeals to the Supreme Court from the Parishes of Jackson, Union, Morehouse, Catahoula, Caldwell, Ouachita, Franklin, Carroll, Madison, Tensas and Concordia, shall, until othei-wise provided for, be returnable to New Orleans. TITLE X. ORDINANCE. Art. 150. Immediately after the adjournment of the Convention, the Governor shall issue his proclamation, directing the several officers of this State authorized by law to hold elections for members of the Gen- eral Assembly, to open and hold a poll in every parish of the State, at the places designated by law, upon the First Monday of November next, for the purpose of taking the sense of the good people of this State in regard to the adoption or rejection of this Constitution; and it shall be the duty of said officers to receive the votes of all persons entitled to vote c8 CONSTITUTION OF 1845. under the old Constitution and under this Constitution. Each voter shall express his opinion by depositing in the ballot box a ticket whereon shall be written "The Constitution accepted," or "The Constitution rejected,'' or some such words as will distinctly convey the intention of the voter. At the conclusion of the said elecion, which shall be con- ducted in every respect as the general State election is now conducted, the parish judges and commissioners designated to preside over the same shall carefully examine and count each ballot so deposited, and shall forthwith make due returns thereof to the Secretary of State, in con- formity to the provisions of the existing law upon the subject of elec- tions. Art. 151. Upon the receipt of the said returns, or on the first Mon- day of December, if the returns be not sooner received, it shall be the duty of the Governor, the Secretary of State, the Attorney General and State Treasurer, in the presence of all such persons as may choose to attend, to compare the votes given at the said poll for the ratification and rejection of this Constitution; and if it shall appear from said returns that a majority of all th& votes given are for ratifying this Constitution, then it shall be the duty of the Governor to make proclamation of that fact, and thenceforth this Constitution shall be ordained and established as the Constitution of the State of Louisiana. But whether this Con- stitution be accepted or rejected, it shall be the duty of the Governor to cause to be published in the State paper the result of the polls, showing the number of votes cast in each parish for and against the said Consti- tution. Art. 152. Should this Constitution be accepted by the people, it shall also be the duty of the Governor forthwith to issue his proclama- tion, declaring the present Legislature, elected under the old Constitu- tion, to be dissolved, and directing the several officers of the State author- ized by law to hold elections for members of the General Assembly, to hold an election, at the places designated by law, upon the third Monday in January next (1846), for Governor, Lieutenant Governor, members of the General Assembly, and all other officers whose election is provided for pursuant to the provisions of this Constitution. And the said elec- tion shall be conducted, and the returns thereof made, in conformity with existing laws upon the subject of State elections. Art. 153. The General Assembly elected under this Constitution shall convene at the State House, in the City of New Orleans, upon the second l\rnnday of February next (1846), after the elections; and the Governor and Lieutenant Governor elected at the same time, shall be duly installed in office during the first week of their session, and before it shall be competent for the said General Assembly to proceed with the trans- action of businesss. Adopted May 14, 1845. JOSEPH WALKEE, President of the Convention. Attest: HOEATTO DAVIS. Secretary of the Convention. Constitution of 1852, Adopaed at Baton Rouge, July 31, 1852. PEEAMBLE. We, the People of the State of Louisiana, do ordain and establish this Constitution. TITLE I. DISTRIBUTION OF POWERS. Art, 1. The powers of the Government of the State of Louisiana shall be divided into three distinct departments, and each of them be confided to a separate body of magistracy, to-wit: those which are legis- lative to one; those which are executive to another, and those which are judicial to another. Art. 2. No one of these departments, nor any person holding office in one of them, shall exercise power properly belonging to either of the others, except in the instances hereinafter expressly directed or permitted. TITLE 11. LEGISLATIVE DEPARTMENT. Art. 3. The legislative power of the State will be vested in two distinct branches, the one to be styled the "House of Eepresentatives,"' the other "The Senate," and both, the "General Assembly of the State of Louisiana." Art. 4. The members of the House of Representatives shall con- tinue in service for the term of two years from the day of the closing of the general elections. Art. 5. Representatives shall be chosen on the first Monday in November, every two years; and the election shall be completed in one day. The General Assembly shall meet annually, on the third Monday in January, unless a different day be appointed by law, and their sessions shall be held at the seat of Government. Art. 6. Every duly qualified elector under this Constitution shall be eligible to a seat in the General Assembly; Provided, That no person shall be a Representative or Senator, unless he be at the time of his elec- tion a duly qualified voter of the Representative or Senatorial District from whch he is elected. Art. Y. Elections for members of the General Assembly shall be held at the several election precincts established by law. The Legislature may delegate the power of establishing election precincts to the parochial or municipal authorities. 90 CONSTITUTION OF 1852. Art. 8. Representation in the House of Representatives shall be equal and uniform, and shall be regulated and ascertained by the local population of each of the several parishes of the State. Each parish shall have at least one Representative. No new parish shall be created with a territory less than six hundred and twenty-five square miles, nor with a population less than the full number entitling it to a Representative, nor when the creation *f such new parish would leave any other parish with- out the said extent of territory and amount of population. The first enumeration by tlie State authorities under this Constitu- tion shall be made in the year 1853, the second in the year 1858, the third in the year 18G5 ; after which time the General Assembly shall direct in what manner the census shall be taken, so that it be made at least once in every period of ten years, for the pui-pose of ascertaining the total population in each parish and election district. At the first regular session of the Legislatvire after the making of each enumeration, the Legislature shall apportion the representation among the several parishes and election districts on the basis of the total popu- lation as aforesaid. A representative number shall be fixed, and each parish and election district shall have as many Representatives as its aggregate population shall entitle it to, and an additonal Representa- tive for any fraction exceeding one-half the representative number. The number of representatives shall not be more than one hundred nor less than seventy. Until an apportionment shall be made, and elections held under the same, in accordance with the first enumeration to be made as directed in this article, the representation in the Senate and House of Representa- tives shall be and remain as at present established by law. The limits of the Parish of Orleans are hereby extended, so as to embrace the whole of the present City of New Orleans, including that part of the Parish of Jefferson, formerly kno^vn as the City of Lafayette. All that part of the Parish of Orleans which is situated on the left bank of the Mississippi river, shall be divided by the Legislature into not more than ten Representative Districts, and until a new apportionment shall be made according to the first census to be taken under this Con- stitution, that part of the City of New Orleans which was comprised within the former limits of the City of Lafayette, shall vote for Senator? from the Parish of Orleans, and from the Tenth Representative District, and shall elect two out of the three Representatives now apportioned by law to the Parish of Jefferson; the other Representative Districts shall remain as they are now established. Art. 9. The House of Representatives shall choose its Speaker and other officers. Art. 10. Every free white male who has attained the age of twenty- one years, and who has been a resident of the State twelve months next preceding the election, and the last six months thereof in the parish in which he offers to vote, and who shall he a citizen of the United States, shall have the right of voting, but no voter, on removing from one parish CONSTITUTION OF 1852. 91 to another, within the State, shall lose the right of voting in the. former until he shall have acquired it in the latter. Electors shall in all cases, except treason, felony or breach of the peace, be privileged from arrest, during their attendance at, going to, or returning from elections. Art. 11. The Legislature shall provide by law, that the names and residence of all qualified electors of the City of New Orleans shall be registered, in order to entitle them to vote; but the registry shall be free of cost to the elector. Art. 12. No soldier, seaman or marine in the army or navy of the United States, no pauper, no person under interdiction, nor under con- viction of any crime punishable with hard labor, shall be entitled to vote at any election in this State. Art. 13. No person shall be entitled to vote at ah election held in this State, except in the parish of his residence, and in cities and towns divided into election precincts, in the election precinct in which he resides. Art. 14. The members of the Senate shall be chosen for the term of four years. The Senate when assembled, shall have the power to choose its officers. Art. 15. The Legislature, in every year in which they shall appor- tion representation in the House of Representatives, shall divide thi"; State into Senatorial Districts. No parish shall be divided in the forma- tion of a Senatorial District — the Parish of Orleans excepted. And whenever a new parish shall be created, it shall be attached to the Sena- torial District from which most of its territory was taken, or to another continuous district, at the discretion of the Legislature; but shall not be attached to more than one district. The number of Senators shaD be thirty-two, and they shall be apportioned among the Senatorial Districts according to the total population contained in the several districts; Pro- vided, that no parish shall be entitled to more than five Senators. Art. 16. In all apportionments of the Senate, the population of the City of New Orleans shall be deducted from the population of the whole State, and the remainder of the population divided by the number twenty-seven, and the result produced by this division shall be the Sena- atorial ratio entitling a Senatorial District to a Senator. Single or contiguous parishes shall be formed into districts, having a population the nearest possible to the niunber entitling a district to a Senator; and if, in the apportionment to be made, a parish or district fall short of or exceed the ratio one-fifth, then a district may be formed having not more than two Senators, but not otherwise. No new apportionment shall hava the effect of abridging the term of service of any Senator already elected at the time of making the apportionment. After an enumeration has been made as directed in the eighth article, the Legislature shall not pass any law until an apportionment of representation in both houses of the Gen- eral Assembly be made. Art. 17. At the first session of the General Assembly after this Constitution tf.kes effect, the Senators shall be equally divided by lot, 92 CONSTITUTION OF 1852. into two classes; the seats of the Senators of the first class shall be vacated at the expiration of the second year; of the second class, at the expiration of the fourth year, so that one-half shall be chosen every two years, and a rotation thereby kept up perpetually. In case any district ahali have elected two or more Senators, said Senators shall vacate their seats respectively at the end of two and four years, and lots shall be drawn between them. Art. 18. The first election for Senators shall be general through- cut the State, and at the same time that the general election for Repre- sentatives is held; and thereafter there shall be biennial elections to fill tl'.e places of those whose time of service may have expired. Art. 19. Not less than a majority of the members of each house of the General Assembly shall form a quorum to do business; but a smaller number may adjourn from day to day, and shall be authorized by law to compel the attendance of absent members. Art. 20. Each house of the General Assembly shall judge of the qualifications, election and returns of its members; but a contested elec- tion shall be determined in such manner as shall be directed by law. Art. 21. Each house of the General Assembly may determine the rules of its proceedings, punish a member for disorderly behavior, and with the concurrence of two-thirds, expel a member, but not a second time for the same offense. Art. 22. Each house of the General Assembly shall keep and pub- lish, weekly, a journal of its proceedings, and the yeas and nays of the members, on any question, shall, at the desire of any two of them, be entered on the journal. Art. 23. Each house may punish by imprisonment, any person not a member, for disrespectful and disorderly behavior in its presence, or for obstructing any of its proceedings. Such imprisonment shall not exceed ten days for any one offense. Art. 24. Neither house, during the sessions of the General Assem- bly, shall, without the consent of the other, adjourn for more than three days, nor to any other place than that in which they may be sitting. Art. 25. The members of the General Assembly shall receive from the public treasury a compensation for their services, which shall be four dollars per day, during their attendance, going to and returning from the session of their respective houses. The compensation may be increased or diminished by law; but no alteration shall take effect during the period of service of the members of the House of Representatives, by whom such alteration shall have been made. No session shall extend to a period beyond sixty days, to date from its commencement, and any legislative action had after the expiration of the said sixty days, shall be null and void. This provison shall not apply to the first Legislature which is to convene after the adoption of this Constitution. Art. 26. The members of the General Assembly shall, in all cases, except treason, felony, breach of the peace, be privileged from arrest, dur- ing their attendance at the sessions of their respective houses, and going CONSTITUTION OF 1852. 93 to or returning from the same, and for any speech or debate in either house, they shall not be questioned in any other place. Art. 27. jSTo Senator or Representative shall, during the term for which he was elected, nor for one year thereafter, be appointed or elected to any civil ofSce of profit under this State, which shall have been created, or the emoluments of which shall have been increased during the time such Senator or Representative was in office, except to such offices or appointments as may be filled by the elections of the people. Art. 28. No person who, at any time, may have been a collector of taxes, whether State, parish or municipal, or who may have been other- wise intrusted with public money, shall be eligible to the General Assem- bly, or to any office of profit or trus+ under the State Government, until he shall have obtained a discharge for the amount of such collection?, and for all public moneys with wdiich he may have been intrusted. Art. 29. No bill shall have the force of a law until, on three several days, it be read over in each house of the General Assembly, and free discusson allowed thereon ; unless in case of urgency, four-fifths of the house where the bill shall be pending, may deem it expedient to dispense with this rule. Art. 30. All bills for raising revenue shall originate in the Housf' of Representatives, but the Senate may propose amendments, as in other bills; Provided, they shall not introduce any new matter, under tht.- color of an amendment, which doe? no+ relate tr raising revenue. Art. 31. The General Assembly shall regulate, by law, by whom and in what manner writs of election shall be issued to fill the vacancies which may happen in either branch thereof. Art. 32. The Senate shall vote on the confirmation or rejection of officers, to be appointed by the Governor, with the advice and consent of the Senate, by yeas and nays, and the names of the Senators voting for and against the appointments respectively, shall be entered on a jour- nal to be kept for that purpose, and made public at the end of each ses- sion. Or before. Art. 33. Returns of all electons for members of the General Assem- bly shall be made to the Secretary of State. Art. 34. In the year in which a regular election for a Senator of the United States is to take place, the members of the General Assembly shall meet in the Hall of the House of Representatives, on the Monday following the meeting of the Legislature, and proceed to the said elec- tion. TITLE ni. executive department. Art. 35. The supreme executive power of the State shall be vested in a chief magistrate, who shall be styled the Governor of the State of Louisiana. He shall hold his office during the term of four years, and together with the Lieutenant Governor, chosen for the same term, be 94 CONSTITUTION OF 1852. elected as follows: The qualified electors for Representatives shall vote for a Governor and Lieutenant Governor, at the time and place of voting for Kepresentativcs ; the returns of every election shall be sealed up and transmitted by the proper returning officer, to the Secretary of State, who shall deliver them to the Speaker of the House of Representatives, on the second day of the session of the General Assembly, then next to. be holden. The members of the General Assembly shall meet in the House of Representatives to examine and count the votes. The person having the greatest number of votes for Governor shall be declared duly elected, but if two or more persons shall be equal and highest in the number of votes polled for Governor, one of them shall immediately be chosen Governor by joint vote of the members of the General Assembly. The person having the greatest number of votes polled for Lieutenant Governor, shall be Lieutenant Governor; but if two or more person? shall be equal and highest in the number of votes polled for Lieutenant Governor, one of them shall be inunediately chosen Liuetenant Governor by joint vote of the members of the General Assembly. Art. 36. No person shall be eligible to the office of Governor or Lieutenant Governor who shall not have attained tlie age of twenty-eight years, and been a citizen and a resident within the State for the space of four years next preceding his election. Art. 37. The Governor shall enter on the discharge of his dutie'^ on the fourth Monday of January next ensuing his election, and shall continue in office until the Monday next succeeding the day that his successor shall be declared duly elected, and shall have taken the oath or affirmation required by the Constitution. Art. 38. The Governor shall be ineligible for the succeeding four years after the expiration of the time for which he shall have been elected. Art. 39. No member of Congress or person holding any office under the United States, shall be eligible to the office of Governor or Lieuten- ant Governor. Art. 40. In case of the impeachment of the Governor, his removal from office, death, refusal or inability to qualify, resignation or absence from the State, the powers and duties of the office shall devolve upon the Lieutenant Governor for the residue of the term, or until the Governor, absent or impeached, shall return or be acquitted. The Legislature maj' provide by law for the case of removal, impeachment, death, resignation, disability or refusal to qualify, of both the Governor and Lieutenant Governor, declaring what officer shall act as Governor, and such officer shall act accordingly, until the disability be removed, or for the residue of the term. Art. 41. The Lieutenant Governor or officer discharging the duties of Governor, shall, during his administration, receive the same compen- sation to which the Governor would have been entitled had he continued in office. Art. 42. The Lieutenant Governor shall, by virtue of his office, bo CONSTITUTION OF 1852. 95 President of the Senate, but shall have only a casting vote therein. When- ever he shall administer the Government, or shall be unable to attend as President of the Senate, the Senators shall elect one of their own members as President of the Senate for the time being. Art. 43. While he acts as President of the Senate, the Lieutenant Governor shall receive for his services the same compensation which shall for the same period be allowed to the Speaker of the House of Represent- atives, and no more. Art. 44. The Governor shall have power to grant reprieves for all offenses against the State, and except in cases of impeaclmient shall, with the consent of the Senate, have power to grant pardons and remit fines and forfeitures, after conviction. In cases of treason, he may grant reprieves until the end of the next session of the General Assembly, in which the power of pardoning shall be vested. Art. 45. The Governor shall, at stated times, receive for his services a compensation, which shall neither be increased nor diminished during the term for which he shall have been elected. Art. 46. He shall be commander in chief of the anmy and navy of this State, and of the militia thereof, except when they shall be called into the service of the ITnited States. Art. 47. He shall nominate and, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, appoint all officers whose offices are established by this Constitution, and whose appointments are not herein otherwise provided for; Provided, however, that the Legislature shall have a right to pre- scribe the mode of appointment to all other offices established by law. Art. 48. The Governor shall have power to fill vacancies that may happen during the recess of the Senate, by granting commissions which shall expire at the end of the next session, unless otherwise provided for in this Constitution; but no person who has been nominated for office, and rejected by the Senate, shall be appointed to the same office during the recess of the Senate. Art. 49. He may require inform.ation, in writing, from the officers in the executive department, upon any subject relating to the duties of their respective offices. Art. 50. He shall, from time to time, give to the General Assembly information respecting the situation of the State, and recommend to their consideration such measures as he may deem expedient. Art. 51. He may, on extraordinary occasions, convene the General Assembly at the seat of Government, or at a different place, if that should have become dangerous from an enemy or from epidemic ; and in case of disagreement between the two houses as to the time of adjournment, he may adjourn them to such time as he may think proper, not exceeding four months. Art. 52. He shall take care that the laws be faithfully executed. Art. 53. Every bill which shall have passed both houses shall be pre- sented to the Governor; if he approve, he shall sign it; if not, he shall return it, with his objections, to the house in which it originated, which 96 CONSTITUTION OF 1852. shall entei' the objections at large upon its journal, and proceed to recon- sider it. li, after such rccuusideratioii, two-thirds of all the members elected to that house shall agree to pass the bill, it shall be sent, with the objections, to the other house, by which it shall likewise be reconsidered, and if approved by two-thirds of all the members elected to that house, it shall be a law; but in such cases the vote of both houses shall be deter- mined by yeas and nays, and the names of the members voting for or against the bill shall be entered on the journal of each house respectively. If any bill shall not be retm-ned by the Governor within ten days (Sun- days excepted) after it shall have been presented to him, it shall be a law in like manner as if he had signed it, unless the General Assembly, by adjournment, prevent its return; in which case it shall be a law, unless sent back within three days after their next session. Art. 54. Every order, resolution or vote to which the concurrence of both houses may be necessary except on a question of adjournment, shall be presented to the Governor, and before it shall take effect, be approved by him, or, being disapproved, shall be repassed by two-thirds of the mem- bers elected to each house of the General Assembly. Art. 55. There shall be a Secretary of State who shall hold his office during the time for which the Governor shall have been elected. The records of the State shall be kept and preserved in the office of the Secre- tary; he shall keep a fair register of the official acts and proceedings of the Governor, and when necessary, shall attest them. He shall, when required, lay the said register, and all papers, minutes and vouchers rela- tive to his office, before either house of the General Assembly, and shall perform such other duties as may be enjoined on him by law. Art. 56. There shall be a Treasurer of the State, who shall hold his office during the term of two years. Art. 57. The Secretary of State and Treasurer of State, shall be elected by the qualified electors of the State. And in case of any vacancies caused by the death, resignation or absence of the Treasurer or Secretary of State, the Governor shall order an election, to fill said vacancy. Art. 58. All commissions shall be in the name and by the authority of the State of Louisiana, and shall be sealed with the State seal and signed by the Governor. Art. 59. The free white men of the State shall be armed and dis- ciplined for its defense; but those who belong to religious societies, whose tenets forbid them to carry arms, shall not be compelled so to do, but shall pay an equivalent for personal services. Art. f)0. The mlllfia of the State shall be organized in such manner as may be hereafter deemed most expedient by the Legislature. TITLE IV. JUDICIARY DEPARTMENT. Art. 61. The judiciary power shall be vested in a Supreme Court, in such inferior courts as the Legislature may from time to time order and establish, and in justices of the peace. CONSTITUTION OF 1852. 97 Art. 62. The Supreme Court, except in the cases hereinafter pro- vided, shall have appellate jurisdiction only; which jurisdiction shall extend to all cases when the matter in dispute shall exceed three hundred dollars; to all cases in which the constitutionality or legality of any tax, toll or impost whatsoever or of any fine, forfeiture or penalty imposed by a mimicipal coi'poration, shall be in contestation; and to all criminal cases on questions of law alone, whenever the offense charged is punishable with death or imprisonment at hard labor, or when a fine exceeding three hundred dollars is actually imposed. The Legislature shall have power to restrict the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court in civil cases to questions of law only. Art. 63. The Supreme Court shall be composed of one Chief Justice and four associate justices, a majority of whom shall constitute a quorum. The Chief Justice shall receive a salary of six thousand dollars, and each of the associate judges a salary of five thousand five hundred dollars annually until otherwise provided by law. The court shall appoint its own clerks; the judges shall be elected for the term of ten years. Art. 64. The Chief Justice shall be elected by the qualified electors of the State. The Legislature shall divide the State into four districts, and the qualified electors of each district shall elect one of the associate justices. The State shall be divided into the following districts until the Legislature shall otherwise direct: FIRST DISTRICT. The parishes of Plaquemines, St. Bernard, that portion of the Parish of Orleans on the right bank of the Mississippi river, and that portion of the City of ISTew Orleans which lies below the line extending from the river Mississippi, along the middle of Julia street, until it strikes the New Orleans Canal, and thence do\vn said canal to the lake. SECOND DISTRICT, That portion of the City of New Orleans which is situated above the line extending along the middle of Julia street until it strikes the New Orleans Canal, and thence down said canal to the lake, and the parishes of Jefferson, St. John the Baptist, St. Charles, St. James, Ascension, Assumption, Lafourche Interior, Terrebonne, West Baton Rouge and Iberville. THIRD DISTRICT. The parishes of St. Tammany, Washington, Livingston, St. Helena, East Baton Rouge, East Eeliciana, West Feliciana, Pointe Coupee, Avoyelles, Tensas, Concordia, Lafayette, Vermilion, St. Maiy, St. Martin and St. Landry. FOURTH DISTRICT. The parishes of Calcasieu, Rapides, Sabine, Natchitoches, DeSoto, Caddo, Bossier, Claiborne, Bienville, Caldwell, Union, Ouachita, More- house, Jackson, Franklin, Catahoula, Madison, Carroll and Winn. 98 CONSTITUTION OF 1852. Art. 65. The office of one of the associate justices shall be vacated at the expiration of the seoond year, of another at the expiration of the fourth year, of a third, at the expiration of the sixth year, and of the fourth, at the expiration of the eighth year — so that one of the judges of the Supreme Court shall be elected every second year. Art. 6Q. The Secretary of State, on receiving the official returns of the first election, shall proceed immediately, in the presence and with the assistance of two justices of the peace, to determine by lot among the four candidates having the highest number of votes in the respective districts, which of the associate justices elect shall serve for the term of two years, which for the term of four years, which for the term of six years, and which for the term of eight years, and the Governor shall issue commissions accordingly. Art. 67. Any vacancy that may occur in the Supreme Court from resignation or otherwise, shall be filled by election for the remainder of the unexpired teim, but if such remainder do not exceed one year, the vacancy shall be filled by executive appointment. Art. 68. The Supreme Court shall hold its sessions in New Orleans from the first Monday of the month of November to the end of the month of June, inclusive. The Legislature shall have power to fix the sessions elsewhere during the rest of the year; until otherwise provided, the sessions shall be held as heretofore. Art. 69. The Supreme Court and each of the judges thereof shall have power to issue wi'its of habeas corpus, at the instance of all persons in actual custody under process in all cases in which they may have appellate jurisdiction. Art. 70. No judgment shall be rendered by the Supreme Court with- out the concurrence of a majority of the judges comprising the court. Whenever a majority cannot agree, in consequence of the recusation of any member or members of the court, the judges not recused shall have power to call upon any judge or judges of the inferior courts, whose duty it shall be, when so called upon, to sit in the place of the judges recused and to aid in determining the case. Art. 71. All judges, by virtue of their office, shall be conservators of the peace throughout the State. The style of all process shall be "The State of Louisiana." All prosecutions shall be carried on in the name and by authority of the State of Louisiana, and conclude against the peace and dignity of the same. Art. 72. The judges of all courts within the State shall, as often as it may be possible so to do, in every definite judgment refer to the particular law in virtue of which such judgment may be rendered, and in all cases adduce the reasons on which their judgment is founded. Art. 73. The judges of all courts shall be liable to impeachment, but for any reasonable cause, which shall not be sufficient ground for impeachment, the Governor shall remove any of them on the address of three-fourths of the members present of each house of the General Assembly. In every such case the cause or causes for which such removal CONSTITUTION OF 1852. 99 may be required shall be stated at length in the address and inserted in the journal of each house. Art. 74. There shall be an Attorney General for the State, and as many district attorneys as may be hereafter found necessary. They shall hold their offices for four years; their duties shall be determined by law. Art. 75. The judges, both of the Supreme and inferior courts, shall, at stated times, receive a salary, which shall not be diminished during their continuance in office; and they are prohibited from receiving any fees of office, or other compensation than their salaries for any civil duties performed by them. Art. 76. The Legislature shall have power to vest in clerks of courts authority to grant such orders and do such acts as may be deemed necessary for the furtherance of the administration of justice, and in all cases the powers thus granted shall be specified and determined. Art. 77. The judges of the several inferior courts shall have power to remove the clerks thereof for breach of good behavior, subject in all cases to an appeal to the Supreme Court. Art. 78. The jurisdiction of justices of the peace shall be limited in civil cases to cases where the matter in dispute does not exceed one hundred dollars, exclusive of interest, subject to appeal in such cases as shall be provided for by law. They shall be elected by the qualified elec- tors of each parish, district or ward, for the term of two years, in such manner, and shall have such criminal jurisdiction as shall be provided by law. Art. 79. Clerks of the inferior courts in this State shall be elected for the term of four years ; and, should a vacancy occur subsequent to an election, it shall be filled by the judge of the court in which such vacancy exists, and the person so appointed shall hold his office until the next general election. Art. 80. A sheriS and a coroner shall be elected iri each parish by the qualified voters thereof, who shall hold their office for the term of two years, unless sooner removed. The Legislature shall have the power to increase the nmnber of sheriffs in any parish. Should a vacancy occur in either of these offices, subsequent to an election, it shall be filled by the Governor; and the person so appointed shall continue in office until his successor shall be elected and qualified. Art. 81. The judges of the several inferior courts shall be elected by the duly qualified voters of their respective districts or parishes. Art. 82. It shall be the duty of the Legislature to fix the time for holding elections for all judges at a time which shall be different from that fixed for all other elections. Art. 83. The Attorney General shall be elected by the qualified voters of the State, and the district attorneys by the qualified voters of each district, on the day of the election for Governor of the State. Art. 84. The Legislature may determine the mode of filling vacan- cies in the offices of the inferior judges, attorney general, district attor- neys, and all other officers not otherwise provided for in this Constitution. TOO CONSTITUTION OF 1852. TITLE V. IMPEACHMENT. Art. 85. The power of impeachment shall be vested in the House of Representatives. Art. 8G. Lnpeachments of the Governor, Lieutenant Governor, Attorney General, Secretary of State, State Treasurer, and of the judges of the inferior courts, justices of the peace excepted, shall be tried by Senate; the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, or the senior judge thereof, shall preside during the trial of such impeachment. Impeach- ments of the judges of the Supreme Court shall be tried by the Senate. When sitting as a court of impeachment, the Senators shall be upon oath or affirmation, and no person shall be convicted without the concui'rence of two-thirds of the Senators present. Art. 87. Judgments in cases of impeachment shall extend only to removal from office and disqualification from holding any office of honor, trust or profit under the State; but the convicted parties shall, never- theless, be subject to indictment, trial and punishment according to law. Art. 88. All officers against whom articles of impeachment may be- preferred shall be suspended from the exercise of their functions during the pendency of such impeachment; the appointing power may make a provisional appointment to replace any suspended officer until the decision of the impeachment. Art. 89. The Legislature shall provide by law for the trial, punish- ment and removal from office of all other officers of the State by indict- ment or otherwise. TITLE VI. GENERAL PROVISIONS. Art. 90. Members of the General Assembly, and all officers, before they enter upon the duties of their office, shall take the following oath or afiu-mation: "I (A B), do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will support the Con- stitution of the United States and of this State, and that I will faith- fully and impartially discharge and perform all the duties incumbent on me as , according to the best of my abilities and understanding, agreeably to the Constitution and laws of the United States and of this State; and I do further solemnly swear (or affirm) that since the adop- tion of the present Constitution, I, being a citizen of this State, have not fought a duel with deadly weapons within this State, nor out of it, with a citizen of this State, nor have I sent or accepted a challenge to fight a duel with deadly weapons with a citizen of this State, nor have I acted as second in cariying a challenge or aided, advised or assisted any person thus offending, so help me God." Art. 9L Treason against the State shall consist only in levying war against it, or in adhering to its enemies, giving them aid and comfort. CONSTITUTION OP 1852. 101 No person shall be convicted of treason, unless on tiie testimony of two witnesses to the same overt act, or his own confession in open court. Art. 92. Every pereon shall be disqualified from holding any office of trust or profit in this State, who shall have been convicted of having given or offered a bribe to procure his election or appointment. Art. 93. Laws shall be made to exclude from office and from the right of suffrage those who shall hereafter be convicted of bribery, per- jury, forgery or other high crimes or misdemeanors. The privilege of free suffrage shall be supported by laws regulating elections and pro- hibiting, under adequate penalties, all undue influence thereon, from power, bribery, timiult or other improper practice. Art. 94. No money shall be drawn from the treasury but in pur- suance of specific appropriation made by law, nor shall any appropriation of money made for a longer term than two years. A regular statement and account of the receipts and expenditures of all public moneys shall be published annually in such manner as shall be prescribed by law. Art. 95. It shall be the duty of the General Assembly to pass such laws as may be proper and necessary to decide differences by arbitration. Art. 96. All civil officers for the State at large shall reside within the State, and all district or parish officers, within their districts or parishes, and shall keep their offices at such places therein as may be required by law. Art. 97. All civil officers, except the Governor and judges of the Supreme and inferior courts, shall be removable by an address of a major- ity of the members of both houses, except those the removal of whom has been otherwise provided by this Constitution. Art. 98. In all elections by the people the vote shall be by ballot, and in all elections by the Senate and House of Kepresentatives, jointly or separately, the vote shall be given viva voce. Art. 99. No member of Congress, nor person holding or exercising any office of trust or profit under the United States, or either of them, or under any foreign power, shall be eligible as a member of the General Assembly, or hold or exercise any office of trust or profit under the State. Art. 100. The laws, public records, and the judicial and legislative written proceedings of the State shall be promulgated, preserved and conducted in the language in which the Constitution of the United States is written. Art. 101. The Secretary of the Senate and Clerk of the House of Representatives shall be conversant with the French and English lan- guages, and members may address either house in the French or English language. Art. 102. No power of suspending the laws of this State shall be exercised unless by the Legislature, or by its authority. Art. 103. Prosecutions shall be by indictment or information. The accused shall have a speedy public trial by an impartial jury of the vicinage; he shall not be compelled to give evidence against himself; he shall have the right of being heard by himself or counsel ; he shall have 102 CONSTITUTION OP 1852. the right of meeting the witnesses face to face, and shall have compul- sory process for obtaining witnesses in his favor. Art. 104. All prisoners shall be bailable by sufficient sureties, unless for capital offenses, where the proof is evident or presumption great, or unless after conviction for any offense or crime punishable with death or imprisonment at hard labor. The privilege of the writ of habeas corpus shall not be suspended, unless when in case of rebellion or invasion the public safety may require it. Art. 105. No ex post facto law, nor any law impairing the obliga- tion of contracts shall be passed, nor vested rights be divested, unless for purposes of public utility and for adequate compensation previously made. Art. 106. The press shall be free. Every citizen may freely speak, write and publish his sentiments on all subjects, being responsible for an abuse of this liberty. Art. lOY. The seat of Government shall be and remain at Baton Rouge, and shall not be removed without the consent of three-fourths of both houses of the General Assembly. Art. 108. The State .shall not subscribe for the stock of nor make a loan to nor pledge its faith for the benefit of any corporation or joint stock company created or established for banking purposes, nor for other purposes than those described in the following article. Art. 109. The Legislature shall have power to grant aid to com- panies or associations of individuals formed for the exclusive purpose of making works of internal improvement, wholly or partially within the State, to the extent only of one-fifth of the capital of such companies, by subscription of stock or loan of money or public bonds; but any aid thus granted shall be paid to the company only in the same proportion as the remainder of the capital shall be actually paid in by the stockholders of the company; and, in case of loan, such adequate security shall be required as to the Legislature may seem proper. No corporation or indi- vidual association receiving the aid of the State, as herein provided, shall possess banking or discounting privileges. Art. 110. No liability shall be contracted by the State as above mentioned, unless the same be authorized by some law for some single object or work to be distinctly specified therein, which shall be passed by a majority of the members elected to both houses of the General Assembly, and the aggregate amount of debts and liabilities incurred under this and the preceding article shall never at any time exceed eight millions of dollars. Art. 111. Whenever the Legislature shall contract a debt exceeding in amount the sum of one hundred thousand dollars, unless in case of war to repel invasion or suppress insurrection, they shall, in the law creating the debt, provide adequate ways and means for the payment of the current interest and of the principal when the same shall become due. And the said law shall be irreparable until principal and interest are fully paid and discharged, or unless the repealing law contains some other adequate provision for the payment of the principal and interest of the debt. CONSTITUTION OF 1852. 103 Art. 112. The Legislature shall provide by law for a change of venue in civil and criminal cases. Art. 113. No lottery shall be authorized by this State, and the buy- ing or selling of lottery tickets within the State is prohibited. Art. 114. No divorce shall be granted by the Legislature. Art. 115. Every law enacted by the Legislature shall embrace but one object, and that shall be expressed in the title. Art. 116. No law shall be revived or amended by reference to its title; but in such case, the act revived, or section amended, shall be re-enacted and published at length. Art. 117. The Legislature shall never adopt any system or code of laws by general reference to such system or code of laws, but in all cases shall specify the several provisions of the laws it may enact. Art. 118. Corporations with banking or discounting privileges may be either created by special acts, or fomied under general laws; but the Legislature shall, in both cases, provide for the registry of all bills or notes issued or put in circulation as money, and shall require ample security for the redemption of the same in specie. Art. 119. The Legislature shall have no power to pass any law sanctioning in any manner, directly or indirectly, the suspension of specie payments by any person, association or corporation issuing bank notes of any description. Art. 120. In case of insolvency of any bank or banking association, the bill holders thereof shall be entitled to preference in payment over all other creditors of such bank or association. Art. 121. The Legislature shall have power to pass such laws as it may deem expedient for the relief or revival of the Citizens' Bank of Louisiana, and the acts already passed for the same purpose are ratified and confirmed ; provided, that the bank is subject to the restrictions con- tained in Articles 119 and 120 of this Constitution. Art. 122. No person shall hold or exercise, at the same time more than one civil ofiice of emolument, except that of jxistice of the peace. Art. 123. Taxation shall be equal and uniform throughout the State. All property on which taxes may be levied in this State shall be taxed in proportion to its value, to be ascertained as directed by law. No one species of property shall be taxed higher than another species of property of equal value, in which taxes shall be levied; the Legislature shall have power to levy an income tax, and to tax all persons pursuing any occupation, trade or profession. Art. 124. The citizens of the City of New Orleans shall have the right of appointing the several public officers necessary for the administra- tion of the police of the said city, pursuant to the mode of elections which shall be prescribed by the Legislature; provided, that the mayor and recorders shall be ineligible to a seat in the General Assembly, and the mayor, recorders, aldermen and assistant aldermen shall be commissioned by the Governor as justices of the peace, and the Legislature may vest 104 CONSTITUTION OF 1852. in them such criminal jurisdiction as may be necessary for the punish- ment of minor crimes and oflfenses, and as the police and good order of said city may require. Art. 125. The Legislature may provide by law in what case officers shall continue to perform the duties of their offices, until their successors shall have been inducted into office.* Art. 126. Any citizen of this State who shall, after the adoption of this Constitution, fight a duel with deadly weapons, with a citizen of this State, or send or accept a challenge to fight a duel with deadly weapons, either within this State or out of it, with a citizen of this State, or who shall act as second, or knowingly aid or assist in any manner those thus offending, shall be deprived of holding any office of trust or profit, and of enjoying the right of suffrage under this Constitution; and the office of any State officer, member of the Greneral Assembly, or of any other person holding office of profit or trust under this Constitution, and the laws made in pursuance thereof, shall be, ipso facto, vacated by the fact of any such person committing the offense mentioned in this article, and the Legisla- ture shall provide by law for the ascertaining and declaration of such forfeiture. Art. 127. The Legislature shall have power to extend this Constitu- tion and the jurisdiction of this State over any territory acquired by compact with any State, or with the United States, the same being done by the consent of the United States. Art. 128. None of the lands granted by Congress to the State of Louisiana for aiding it in constructing the necessary levees and drains, to reclaim the swamp and overfiowed lands in this State, shall "be diverted from the purposes for which they were granted. Art. 129. The Constitution and laws of this State shall be promul- gated in the English and French languages. TITLE VII. INTERNAL IMPROVEMENTS. Art. 130. There shall be a Board of Public Works, to consist of four commissioners. The State shall be divided by the Legislature into four districts, containing as nearly as may be an equal number of voters, and one commissioner shall be elected in each district by the legal voters thereof for the term of four years; but, of the first elected, two, to be designated by lot, shall remain in office for two years only. Akt. 131. The General Assembly, at its first session after the adop- tion of this Constitution, shall provide for the election and compensation of the commissioners and the organization of the board. The commis- sioners first elected shall assemble on a day to be appointed by law, and decide by lot the order in which their terms of service shall expire. Art. 132. The commissioners shall exercise a diligent and faithful supervision of all public works in which the State may be interested. CONSTITUTION OF 1852. 105 except those made by joint stock companies. They shall communicate to the General Assembly, from time to time, their views concerning the same, and recommend such measures as they may deem necessary, in order to employ to the best advantage and for the purposes for which they were granted, the swamp and overflowed lands, conveyed by the United States to this State. They shall appoint all officers engaged on the public works, and shall perform such other duties as may be prescribed by law. Art. 133. The commissioners may be removed by the concurrent vote of a majority of all the members elected to each house of the General Assembly; but the cause of the removal shall be entered on the journal of each house. Art. 134. The General Assembly shall have power, by a vote of three- fifths of the members elected to each house, to abolish said board, when- ever in their opinion a Board of Public Works shall no longer be neces- sary. TITLE Vin. PUBLIC EDUCATION. Art. 135. There shall be elected a Superintendent of Public Educa- tion, who shall hold his office for the term of two years. His duties shall be prescribed by law, and he shall receive such compensation as the Legis- lature may direct ; Provided, That the General Assembly shall have power, by a vote of the majority of the members elected to both houses, to abolish the said ofiice of Superintendent of Public Education, whenever, in their opinion, said office shall be no longer necessary. Art. 136. The General Assembly shall establish free public schools throughout the State, and shall provide for their support by general taxation on property or otherwise; and all moneys so raised or provided shall be distributed to each parish in proportion to the number of free white children between such ages as shall be fixed by the General Assembly. Art. 137. The proceeds of all lands heretofore granted by the United States to this State for the use or support of schools, and of all lands which may hereafter be granted or bequeathed to the State, and not expressly granted or bequeathed for any purpose, which hereafter may be disposed of by the State, and the proceeds of the estates of deceased persons, to which the State may become entitled by law, shall be held by the State as a loan, and shall be and remain a perpetual fimd, on which the State shall pay an annual interest of six per cent.; which interest, together with the interest of the trust funds deposited with this State by the United States, under the act of Congress, approved June 23, 1836, and all the rents of the unsold lands shall be appropriated to the support of such schools, and this appropriation shall remain inviolable. Art. 138. All moneys arising from the sales which have been or may hereafter be made of any lands heretofore granted by the United States to this State, for the use of a seminary of learning, and from any kind of donation that may hereafter be made for that purpose, shall be and remain 106 CONSTITUTION OF 1852. a perpetual fund, the interest of which, at six per cent, per annum, shall be appropriated to the support of a seminary of learning for the promotion of literature and the arts and sciences, and no law shall ever be made diverting said fund to any other use than to the establishment and improvement of said seminary of learning. Art. 139. The University of Louisiana, in New Orleans, as now established, shall be maintained. Art. 140. The Legislature shall have power to pass such laws as may be necessary for the further regulation of the university, and for th^ promotion of literature and science; but shall be under no obligation to contribute to the support of said university by appropriations. TITLE IX. MODE OF REVISING THE CONSTITUTION. Art. 141. Any amendment or amendments to this Constitution may be proposed in the Senate or House of Representatives, and if the same shall be agreed to by two-thirds of the members elected to each house, such proposed amendment or amendments shall be entered on their journals, with the yeas and nays taken thereon, and the Secretary of State shall cause the same to be published, three months before the next general election for Representatives of the State Legislature, in at least one news- paper in French and English, in every parish in the State in which a newspaper shall be published; and such proposed amendment or amend- ments shall be submitted to the people at said election; and if a majority of the voters at said election shall approve and ratify such amendment or amendments, the same shall become a part of the Constitution. If more than one amendment be submitted at a time, they shall be submitted in such manner and form that the people may vote for or against each amend- ment separately. TITLE X. SCHEDULE. Art. 142. The Constitution adopted in eighteen hundred and forty- five is declared to be superseded by this Constitution, and in order to carry the same into effect, it is hereby declared and ordained as follows: Art. 143. All rights, actions, pi'osecutions, claims and contracts, as well as of individuals as of bodies corporate, and all laws in force at the time of the adoption of this Constitution, and not inconsistent therewith, shall continue as if the same had not been adopted. Art. 144. In order that no inconvenience may result to the public service from the taking effect of this Constitution, no office shall be super- seded thereby; but the laws of the State relative to the duties of the several officers, executive, judicial and military, shall remain in full force. though the same be contrary to this Constitution, and the several dutie--= shall be performed by the respective officers of the State, according to the existing laws, until the organization of the Government under this Con- stitution, and the entering into office of the new officers to be appointed under said Government, and no longer. CONSTITUTION OF 1852. 107 Art. 145. Appointments to office by the executive under this Con- stitution shall be made by the Governor to be elected under its authority. Art. 146. The Legislature shall provide for the removal of all causes now pending in the Supreme Court or other courts of the State under the Constitution of 1845, to courts created by or under this Con- stitution. Art. 147. The time of service of all officers chosen by the people, at the first election under this Constitution, shall terminate as though the election had been holden on the first Monday of November, 1851. and they had entered on the discharge of their duties at the time designated therein. The first class Senators, designated in Article 17, shall hold their seats until the day of the closing of the general elections in November, 1853, and the second class until the day of the closing of the general elections in November, 1855 Art. 148. The first election for judges of the Supreme Court shall bo held on the first l^londay of April next (1853,) and they shall enter into office on the first Monday of May, 1853. Art. 149. The first term of service of the district attorneys and the clerks of the inferior courts to be ordered and established under this Constitution, shall be regulated by the term of service of the first Governor, so that a new election for these officers shall be held on the first Monday of November. TITLE XL ORDINANCE. Art. 150. Lnmediately after the adjournment of the Convention the Governor shall issue his proclamation, directing the several officers of this State authorized by law to hold elections for members of the General Assembly, to open and hold a poll in every parish of the State, at the places designated by law, upon the first Tuesday of November next, for the purpose of taking the sense of the good people of this State in regard to the adoption or rejection of this Constitution ; and it shall be the duty of said officers to receive the votes of all persons entitled to vote under the old Constitution and under this Constitution. Each voter shall express his opinion by depositing in a separate box, kept for that purpose, a ticket, whereon shall be written, "The Constitution accepted," or, "The Constitution rejected," or some such words as will distinctly convey the intention of the voter. At the conclusion of said election, which shall be conducted in every respect as a general State election is now conducted, the commissioners designated to preside over the same shall carefull^v examine and count each ballot so deposited, and shall forthwith make due- returns thereof to the Secretary of State, in conformity to the provisions of the existing law upon the subject of elections. Art. 151. Upon the receipt of the said returns, or on the fifth Monday of November, if the returns be not sooner received, it shall be the duty of the Governor, the Secretary of State, the Attorney General and the State Treasurer, in the presence of all such persons as may choose to 108 CONSTITUTION OF 1852. attend, to compare the votes given at the said poll for the ratification and rejection of this Constitution, and if it shall appear from said returns that a majority of all the votes given is for ratifying this Constitution, then it shall be the duty of the Governor to make proclamation of that fact, and thenceforth this Constitution shall be ordained and established as the Constitution of the State of Louisiana. But, whether this Constitution he accepted or rejected, it shall be the duty of the Governor to cause to he published, in the official paper of the Convention, the result of the polls, showing the nimaber of votes cast in each parish for and against the said Constitution. Art. 152. Should this Constitution be accepted by the people, it shal) also be the duty of the Governor forthwith to issue his proclamation, declaring the present Legislature, elected under the old Constitution, to be dissolved, and directing the several officers of the State, authorized by law to hold elections for members of the General Assembly, to hold an election, at the places designated by law, upon the fourth Monday in December next, for Governor, Lieutenant Governor, members of the General Assembly, Secretary of State, Attorney General, Treasurer, and Superin- tendent of Public Education ; and the said election shall be conducted, and the returns thereof made, in conformity with existing laws upon the subject of State elections. Art. 153. The General Assembly elected under this Constitution shall convene at the State House, in Baton Rouge, upon the third Monday of January next after the elections, and the Governor and Lieutenant Governor elected -at the same time, shall be duly installed in office durini^ the first week of the session, and before it shall be competent for the said General Assembly to proceed with the transaction of business. Art. 154. All the publications herein ordered shall be made in the official journal of the Convention. Art. 155. This Constitution shall be published in French and English in the official journal of the Convention, from the period of its adjournment until the first Tuesday of November, 1852, one thousand eight hundred and fifty-two. Done at Baton Rouge, July 31, 1852. (Signed) DUNCAN E. KENNER, Attest: President of the Convention. J. B. WALTON. Secretary nf the Convention. Jas. Akenhead, Chas. A. Bullard, Wm. H. Avery, C. L. Bodousouie. John W. Andrews, • H. Bernard, Robt. Anderson, of Carroll. Robt. G. Beale, E. S. Armant, Wm. Beard, Daniel Addison, Chas. Bienvenu, J. A. Bradford, ' A. Brother, J. P. Benjamin, John H. Boyer, Soix)N Bartlett, Fred Bouisson, CONSTITUTION OF 1852. 109 Daniel Byrne^ T. Wharton Collens, Henry C. Castellanos, A. G. Carter, J. G. Campbell, J. B. Cotton, G. F. Connelly, F. D. Conrad, Edvvd. Duffel, Jr., Cyprien Dufour, E. C. Davidson, F. DuGUE, Jr., C. Dalferes, Edwd. Delony, Wm. R. Douglass, M. C. Edwards, of Orleans. N. S. Edwards, George Eustis, Jr., H. B. Eggleston, Fergus Gardere, George S. Guion, F. H. Hatch, P. T. Harris, R. A. Hargis, M. Hernandez, Jr., Wade H. Hough, R. Hodges, Randall Hunt, Andrew S. Herron, P. O. Hebert, Harry T. Hays, A. J. Isaacks, N. R. Jennings, Aug. W. Jourdan, Jesse R. Jones, Peyton G. King, Phillip B. Kj;y, John E. King, of St. Landry. J. M. Lapeyre, John B. Leefe, Chas. J. Leeds, W. Jones Lyle, Desire Le Blanc, J. L. Lobdell, D. B. McMillen, L. Matthews, of Orleans. J. L. Matthews, Ant. Moreno, George Mather, E. H. Martln, Edward Monge, Alfred McIlhenny, ThO. C. iSI^ICHOLLS, Benj. p. Paxton, Wm. Patterson, \V iLLiAM Perkins, John W. Price, U. B. Phillips, Wm. W. Pugh, Wm. S. Parham, W. T. Palfrey, Robert Preaux, H. H. PlERSON, L. Vincent Reeves, G. RlXNER, Sam. G. Risk, D. D. Richardson, of St. Mary, R. W. RCHARDSON, C. Roselius, * A. B. Roman, M. Ronquillo, Jno. M. Sandidge, H. B. Shaw, Henry St. Paul, E. Staes, C. L. Swayze, T. F. Scarborough, John M. Shelton, P. C. Smith, R. Smith, of Winn, R. H. Sibley, B. B. Simms, Wm. R. Stuart, G. T. Tatman, A. Talbot, John R. Smart, Hezek. Thompson, Robert B. Todd, A. Toulouse, S. Van Wickle, C. J. ViLLERE, J. P. Waddill, J. S, Williams, Wm. W. Whittington, Henry H. Wilcoxon. Convention of 1(S61 On December 12th, 1860, the General Assembly of Louisiana passed an act declaring that, m their opinion, the condition of public affairs demanded that a Convention of the people be called to take such action as the interest and welfare of the State required, and provided for an election of delegates to said Convention, etc., and on Wednesday, January 23rd, 1861, at 12 o'clock M., the delegates elected, in accordance with the provisions of said act, met in the hall of the House of Representatives in the State Capitol at Baton Rouge. The Convention was called to order by the lion. Effingham Lawrence, representative delegate from the Parish of Plaquemines, who called the Hon. John Perkins, Jr., senatorial delegate from Tensas, to preside tem- porarily. Hon. Oscar Arroyo, of Plaquemines, was appointed temporary secre- tary; James Welch, of St. Helena, assistant secretary, and J. H. Peralta, temporary sergeant at arms. On roll call the following members answered to their names: SENATORIAL DELEGATES. Parishes of Plaquemines, St. Bernard, Jefferson and Orleans, right bank, Messrs. Charles Bienvenu and Fergus Gardere. All that portion of the Parish of Orleans, on the left bank of the Mississippi river, including the City of New Orleans, Messrs. Peter E. Bonford, Felix Labatut, Thomas H. Kennedy, W. Rufus Adams and J. J. Michel. Parishes of St. Charles and Lafourche, Mr. Louis Bush. Parishes of Terrebonne, Assumption and Ascension, Mr. Robert C. Martin and Mr. Adolphe Yerret. Parishes of St. James and St. John the Baptist, Mr. A. Bienvenu Roman. Parish of St. IMary, Mr. G. Laclaire Fuselier. Parishes of St. Martin and Vermilion, Mr. Alexander Declouet. Parishes of St. Landry, Calcasieu and Lafayette, Messrs. Alexander Mouton and Lucius J. Dupre. Parish of Iberville, Mr. Augustus Talbot. Parishes of Pointe Coupee, Avoyelles and West Feliciana, Messrs. Charles D. Stewart and Abraham M. Gray. CONVENTION OF 1861. Ill Parishes of East Feliciana, East Baton Rouge and West Baton Eouge, Messrs. James O. Euqua and Andrew S, Herron. Parishes of St. Helena, Washington, Livingston and St. Tammany, Mr. Hardy Richardson. Parish of Rapides, Mr. John K. Elgee. Parishes of Sabine, Natchitoches, DeSoto and Caddo, Messrs. Benja- min L. Hodge and Henry Marshall. Parishes of Winn, Catahoula and Caldwell, Mr. Wade H. Hough. Parishes of Franklin and Carroll, Mr. Mark Valentine. Parishes of Madison, Tensas and Concordia, Messrs. John Perkins, Jr., and Lemuel P. Conner. Parish of Claiborne, Mr. John L. Lewis. Parishes of Bossier and Bienville, Mr. Robert Hodges. Parishes of Morehouse and Ouachita, Mr. Horace M. Polk. Parishes of Jackson and Union, Mr. William M. Kidd. REPRESENTATIVE DELEGATES. Parish of Plaquemines, Messrs. Effingham Lawrence and Joseph B. Wilkinson, Jr. Parish of St. Bernard, Mr. Antonio Marrero. Parish of Orleans (right bank), Mr. George W. Lewis. Parish of Jefferson, Messrs. Christian Roselius and C. Theodule Lagroue. Parish of St. Charles, Mr. Richard Taylor. Parish of St. John the Baptist, Mr. Samuel Hollingsworth. Parish of St. James, Messrs. J. lOeber Gaudet and Louis S. LeBourgeois. Parish of Ascension, Messrs. Edward Duffel and Thomas Gottman. Parish of Assumption, Messrs. Edmond O. Melancon and Walter Pugh. Parish of Lafourche, Messrs. Caleb J. Tucker and J. Scudder Perkins. Parish of Terrebonne, Messrs. Andrew McCollom and Gilmore F. Connelly. Parish of St. Mary, Messrs. Jules G. Olivier and Washington M. Smith. Parish of St. Martin, Messrs. John Moore and Alcibiade DeBlanc. Parish of Avoyelles, Messrs, Genelon Cannon and Aristides Barbin. Parish of Catahoula, Mr. James G. Talliaferro. Parish of Carroll, Messrs. Edward Sparrow and John H. Martin. Parish of Madison, Messrs. William R. Peck and Claiborne C. Briscoe. Parish of Tensas, Messrs. Samuel W. Dorsey and William D. Anderson. Parish of Concordia, Messrs. Joseph E. Miller and Zebulon York. 112 CONVENTION OF 1861. Parisli of Pointe Coupee, Messrs. Auguste Provosty and Samuel W. McKneely. Parish of West Feliciana, Messrs. William E.. Barrow and John T. Towles. Parish of East Feliciana, Messrs. Thomas W. Scott and William Patterson- Parish of St. Helena, Mr. James A. Williams. Parish of Washington, Mr. Nehemian Magee. Parish of St. Tammany, Mr. Sidney S. Conner. Parish of Livingston, Mr. William A. Davidson. Parish of East Baton Eouge, Messrs. William S. Pike and I. Ambrose Williams. Parish of West Baton Rouge, Mr. Nathaniel W. Pope. Parish of Iberville, Messrs. Theodore Johnson and Edward G. W. Butler. Parish of Vermilion, Mr. Daniel O'Bryan. Parish of Lafayette, Mr. Michel E. Girard. Parish of Calcasieu, Mr. William E. Gill. Parish of St. Landry, Messrs. John A. Taylor, Caleb L. Swayze, Withal Burton and Thomas A. Cooke. Parish of Rapides, Messrs. Thomas C. Manning, William W. Smart and Lewis Texada. Parish of Sabine, Mr. Edward C. Davidson. Parish of Natchitoches, Messrs. A. H. Pierson and Jules Som- payrac. Parish of Winn, Mr. David Pierson. Parish of DeSoto, Messrs. Joseph B. Elam and Y. W. Graves. Parish of Caddo, Messrs. George Williamson and Leon D. Marks. Parish of Bossier, Thomas J. Caldwell and Henderson McFarland. Parish of Claiborne, Messrs. James Thomasson and Nelson J. Scott. Parish of Bienville, Mr. Felix Lewis. Parish of Jackson, Mr. William B. Warren. Parish of Union, Messrs. Sidney H. Griffin and William C. Carr. Parish of Morehouse, Mr. Robert B. Todd. Parish of Oi"iachita, Mr. Isaiah Garrett. Parish of Caldwell, Mr. Cicero C. Meredith. Parish of Franklin, Mr. Allen Bonner. Parish of Orleans, First Representative District, Messrs. Thomas J. Semmes, Isaac N. Marks and Benjamin S. Tappan. Second Representative District, Messrs. Joseph A. Rozier and W. T. Stocker. Third Representative District, Messrs. James McCloskey, Robert W. Estlin and J. B. Slawson. Fourth Representative District, Mr. M. 0. H. Norton. Fifth Representative District, Messrs. Joseph Hernandez and Bernard Avegno. Sixth Representative District, Mr. John Pemberton. \~'' 4^^-^ ^tywi'v^ ^T^a^z. ?&. ui 1 '^aiu'licr, litter tie, caiHJaox^ -entvM *J^i- If^^u^^eza&^z^^jf^- ''^^,'g^i^a>6^£z^is^ JaU (/wWfc vJpa afjiwe^ian^ ^/t«X ««^^*iU«/ Co^f^M/. Wcfe^^cwi- c5ta«y. C^^<^^^^' (rfa.A^,.^xj^ '^■dlnrie^ •^-i/ tor e^/^ r?i4^^^ ^yf^u^y-z<^^^^^-£<^3'-rrf^ jwtMi* / (fia^'tJe tx XouiouiM'; Jwmi'^ui (Jm «UMtt^^ ^ ^'^i^uiw 5eiJ«m^ ^oLvew^-^ftf ^c^ii/^aar ^^.jMfM«t5 ■ZKty^ .{Uicota Cif^t^ 'touritUt ^l QyiUjaUiMaMX4-.aA*i^^Aow.-tMtvf^:a3 ^vCC,if(ir aV^C- «tti.-^lxl0M*MM*«*. -^em<«*«t<«*^ ,Av^li^iU«tr ^xU4A^r^i«a. d^f^A^^ ■■ fi^^Ld^ .^lA..:o^4-^~=<.-ZX. -i;:^^^^^ CONVENTION OF 1861. 113 Seventh Representative District, Messrs. George Clark and Edward Bermudez. Eighth Representative District, Mr. Octave LeBlanc. Ninth Representative District, Mr. P. Sever Wiltz. Tenth Representative District, Messrs. "William R. Miles, William M. Perkins and Alexander Walker. Permanent organization was effected on the same date by the elec- tion of the Hon. Alexander Mouton, as President, and Mr. J. T. Wheat, as Secretary. ^ * * * * The President, in pursuance of a resolution adopted by the Con- vention, appointed the following as the Committee of Fifteen, whose object is to draw an ordinance providing for the withdrawal of the State of Louisiana from the Eederal Union: Hon. John Perkins, of Tensas. A. Provosty, of Pointe Coupee. A. DeClouet, of St. Martin. W. R. Miles, of Orleans. A. B. Roman, of St. James. J. L. Lewis, of Claiborne. Edward Sparrow, of Carroll. A. Talbot, of Iberville. Isaiah Garrett, of Ouachita. W.R.Barrow, of West Feliciana. Thomas J. Semmes, of Orleans. Jno. K. Elgee, of Rapides. L. J. Dupre, of St. Landry. Christian Roselius, of Jefferson. G. M. Williamson, of Caddo. On Saturday, January 26th, 1861, The Ordinance of Secession, reported by Mr. Perkins, chairman of the Committee of Fifteen, was called up and adopted. The ayes and nays were as follows: Messrs. Adams, Anderson, Avegno, Barbin, Barrow, Bermudez, Bonford, Bonner, Briscoe, Burton, Bush, Butler, Caldwell, Cannon, Carr, Clark, Cook, Connelly, Conner of Concordia, Conner of St. Tam- many, Davidson of Livingston, Davidson of Sabine, Declouet, DeBlanc, Dorsey, Duffel, Dupre, Elam, Elgee, Estlin, Fuselier, Fuqua, Gladden, Graves, Gray, Gill, Girard, Griffin, Hernandez, Herron, Hodge, Hodges, Hollingsworth, Johnson, Kennedy, Kidd, Labatut, Lawrence, Lagroue, LeBlanc, Lewis of Bienville, Lewis of Claiborne, Manning, Marshall, Marrero, Marks of Caddo, Marks of Orleans, Martin of Assumption, Martin of Carroll, Magee, Miles, Michel, Miller, Moore, McCloskey, McCollom, McFarland, McKneely, Norton, Olivier, O'Bryan, Patterson, Perkins of Lafourche, Perkins of Madison, Perkins of Orleans, Peck, Pemberton, Pierson, Pike, Polk, Pope, Provosty, Pugh, Richardson, Slawson, Smart, Swayze, Semmes, Stewart, Sparrow, Sompayrac, Scott of Claiborne, Scott of East Feliciana, Smith, Tappan, Talbot, Taylor of St. Charles, Taylor of St. Landry, Texada, Thomasson, Todd, Towles Tucker, Valentine, Warren, Walker. Williams of East Baton Rouge, Williams of St. Helena, Williamson, Wilkinson, Wiltz and York. — 112 yeas. Nays: Bienvienu, Cottman, Gardere, Garrett, Gaudet, Hough, 114 CONVENTION OP 1861. LeBourgeois, Lewis, of Orleans; Melancon, Meredith, Pierson, of Winn; Roman, Roselius, Rozier, Stocker, Taliaferro, Verret. — Total, 17 nays. On motion, by Mr. Moore, the rules were suspended and the Presi- dent of the convention, Hon. A. Mouton, was permitted to give his vote on the adoption of the ordinance, which he accordingly did in the affirmative, making the result as follows, viz: 113 yeas to 17 nays. The whole number of votes cast being 130. Upon the result of the vote just taken being announced, the Presi- dent then proclaimed the following declaration: "In virtue of the vote just announced, I now declare the connection between the State of Louisiana and the Federal Union dissolved, and that she is a free, sovereign, and independent power." The Convention, on that day, adjourned, to meet at the City Hall, in New Orleans, on Tuesday, January 29th, 1861, and their proceedings were thereafter held in that city. The flag of the Independent State of Louisiana (see opposite page) was adopted February 11th, 1861, and on February 12th, 1861, the Con- vention proceeded in a body to Lafayette Square for the purpose of inaugurating and saluting the "National Flag of Louisiana." The military of the city were there drawn up, the flag run up on the flag- staff of the City Hall and, at the same moment, a salute of twenty-one guns of artillery fired. The Convention adopted the State Constitution of 1852, making such changes as were requisite and necessary to conform to the Consti- tution of the Confederate States of America, and on Saturday, March 23rd, 1861, adjourned without day. Constitution of 1864. Adopted in Convention, July 23, 1864. PREAMBLE. We^ the People of the State of Louisiana, do ordain and establish this Constitution. TITLE I. EMANCIPATION. Article 1. Slavery and involuntary servitude, except as a punish- ment for crime, whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, are hereby forever abolished and prohibited throughout the State. Art. 2. The Legislature shall make no law recognizing the right of property in man. TITLE II. DISTRIBUTION OF POWERS. Art. 3. The powers of the Government of the State of Louisiana shall be divided into three distinct departments, and each of them shall be confined to a separate body of magistracy, to-wit: those which are legislative to one, those which are executive to another, and those which are judicial to another. Art. 4. No one of these departments, nor any person holding office in one of them, shall exercise power properly belonging to either of the others, except in the instances hereinafter expressly directed or per- mitted. TITLE III. LEGISLATIVE DEPARTMET. Art. 5. The legislative power of the State shall be vested in two distinct branches, the one to be styled "the House of Representatives," the other "the Senate," and both "the General Assembly of the State of Louisiana." Art. 6. The members of the House of Representatives shall con- tinue in service for the term of two years from the day of the closing of the general elections. Art. 7. Representatives shall be chosen on the first Monday in 118 CONSTITUTION OF 1864. November every two years, and the election shall be completed in one day. The General Assembly shall meet annually on the first Monday in January, unless a different day be appointed by law, and their sessions shall be held at the seat of Government. There shall also be a session of the General Assembly in the city of New Orleans, beginning on the first Monday of October, eighteen hundred and sixty-four; and it shall be the duty of the Governor to cause a special election to be held for members of the General Assembly, in all the parishes where the same may be held, on the day of the election for ratification or rejection of this Constitution — to be valid in case of ratification; and in other parishes or districts he shall cause elections to be held as soon as it may become practicable, to fill the vacancies for such parishes or districts in the General Assembly. The term of office of the first General Assembly shall expire as though its members had been elected on the first Monday of November, eighteen hundred and sixty-three. Art. 8. Every duly qualified elector under this Constitution shall be eligible to a seat in the General Assembly; Provided, That no person shall be a Representative or Senator unless he be, at the time of his election, a duly qualified voter of the Representative or Senatorial District from which he is elected. Art. 9. Elections for the members of the General Assembly shall be held at the several election precincts established by law. Art. 10. Representation in the House of Representatives shall be equal and uniform, and shall be regulated and ascertained by the number of qualified electors. Each parish shall have at least one Repre- sentative. No new parish shall be created with a territory less than six hundred and twenty-five square miles, nor with a number of electors less than the full number entitling it to a Representative; nor when the creation of such new parish would leave any other parish without the said extent of territory and number of electors. The first enumeration by the State authorities, under this Constitution, shall be made in the year eighteen hundred and sixty-six, the second in the year eighteen hundred and seventy, the third in the year eighteen hundred and seventy- six; af'.er which time the General Assembly shall direct in what manner the cemms shall be taken, so that it be made at least once in every period of ten years, for the purpose of ascertaining the total population, and the number of qualified electors in each parish and election district; and in case of informality, omission or error in the census returns from any district, the Txjgislature shall order a new census taken in such parish or election district. Art. 11. At the first session of the Legislature after the making of each enumeration, the Legislature shall apportion the representatives aTnongst the several parishes and election districts on the basis of qualified electors as aforesaid. A representative number shall be fixed, and each parish and election district shall have as many Representatives as the aggregate number of its electors will entitle it to, and an addi- tional Representative for any fraction exceeding one-half the representa- CONSTITUTION OF 1864. 119 tive number. The number of Representatives shall not be more than one hundred and twenty nor less than ninety. Art. 12. Until an apportionment shall be made, and elections held under the same, in accordance with the first enumeration to be made, as directed in article 10, the representation in the Senate and House of Representatives shall be as follows : For the parish of Orleans, forty-four Representatives, to be elected as follows: '6 First Representative District. . . Second Representative District. Third Representative District. . Fourth Representative District. Fifth Representative District.. . Sixth Representative District.. Seventh Representative District Eighth Representative District. Ninth Representative District. Tenth Representative District. Orleans, Right Bank The parish of Livingston 1 The parish of St. Tammany. .. . 1 The parish of Pointe Coupee . . . 1 The parish of St. Martin 2 The parish of Concordia 1 The parish of Madison 1 The parish of Franklin 1 The parish of St. Mary 1 The parish of Jefferson 3 The parish of Plaquemines 1 The parish of St. Bernard 1 The parish of St. Charles 1 The parish of St. John the Baptist 1 The parish of St. James 1 The parish of Ascension 1 The parish of Assumption " The parish of Lafourche 3 The parish of Terrebonne 2 The parish of Iberville 1 The parish of West Baton Rouge 1 The parish of East Baton Rouge 2 The parish of West Feliciana ... 1 The parish of East Feliciana. .. 1 The parish of Washington 1 The parish of St. Helena 1 The parish of Vermilion 1 The parish of Lafayette 2 The parish of St. Landry 4 The parish of Calcasieu 2 The parish of Avoyelles 2 The parish of Rapides 3 The parish of Natchitoches 2 The parish of Sabine 1 The parish of Caddo 2 The parish of DeSoto 2 The Parish of Ouachita 1 The parish of Union 2 The parish of Morehouse 1 The parish of Jackson 2 The parish of Caldwell 1 The parish of Catahoula 2 The parish of Claiborne 3 The parish of Bossier 1 The parish of Bienville 2 The parish of Carroll 1 The parish of Tensas I The parish of Winn 3 Total 118 And the State shall be divided into the following Senatorial Districts : All that portion of the parish of Orleans lying on the left bank nf the Mississippi river shall be divided into two Senatorial Districts; the First and Fourth Districts of the city of New Orleans shall compose ore district, and shall elect five Senators; and the Second and Third Districts of said city shall compose the other district, and shall elect four Senators. 120 CONSTITUTION OF 1864. The parishes of Plquemines, St. Bernard, aud all that part of the parish of Orleans on the right bank of the Mississippi river, shall form one district, and shall elect one Senator. The parish of Jefferson shall form one district, and shall elect one Senator. The parishes of St. Charles and Lafourche shall form one district, and shall elect one Senator. The parishes of St. John the Baptist and St. James shall form one district, and shall elect one Senator. The parishes of Ascension, Assumption and Terrebonne shall form one district, and shall elect two Senators. The parish of Iberville shall form one district, and shall elect one Senator. The parish of East Baton Eouge shall form one district, and shall elect one Senator. The parishes of West Baton Rouge, Pointe Coupee and West Feli- ciana shall form one district, and shall elect two Senators. The parish of East Feliciana shall form one district, and shall elect one Senator. The parishes of Washington, St. Tammany, St. Helena and Living- ston shall form one district, and shall elect one Senator. The parishes of Concordia and Tensas shall form one district, and shall elect one Senator. The parishes of Madison and Carroll shall form one district, and shall elect one Senator. The parishes of Morehouse, Ouachita, Union and Jackson shall form one district, and shall elect two Senators. The parishes of Catahoula, Caldwell and Franklin shall form one district, and shall elect one Senator. The parishes of Bossier, Bienville, Claiborne and Winn shall form one district, and shall elect two Senators. The parishes of Natchitoches, Sabine, DeSoto and Caddo shall form one district, and shall elect two Senators. The parishes of St. Landry, Lafayette and Calcasieu shall form one district, and shall elect two Senators. The parishes of St. Martin and Vermilion shall form one district, and shall elect one Senator. The parish of St. Mary shall form one district, and shall elect one Senator. The parishes of Rapides and Avoyelles shall form one district, and shall elect two Senators. Art. 13. The House of Representatives shall choose its Speaker and other officers. Art. 14. Every white male who has attained the age of twenty-one years, and who has been a resident of the State twelve months next pre- ceding the election, and the last three months thereof in the parish in CONSTITUTION OF 1864. 12.1 which he offers to vote, and who shall be a citizen of the United States, shall have the right of voting. Art. 15. The Legislature shall have power to pass laws extending suffrage to such other persons, citizens of the United States, as by military service, by taxation to support the Government, or by intel- lectual fitness, may be deemed entitled thereto. Art. 16. No voter, on removing from one parish to another within the State, shall lose the right of voting in the former until he shall have acquired it in the latter. Electors shall, in all cases, except treason, felony or breach of the peace, be privileged from arrest during their attendance at, going to, or returning from elections. Art. 17. The Legislature shall provide by law that the names and residence of all qualified electors shall be registered in order to entitle them to vote; but the registry shall be free of cost to the elector. Art. 18. No pauper, no person under interdiction, nor under con- viction of any crime punishable with hard labor, shall be entitled to vote at any election in this State. Art. 19. No person shall be entitled to vote at any election held in this State except in the parish of his residence, and, in cities and towns divided into election precincts, in the election precinct in which he resides. Art. 20. The members of the Senate shall be chosen for the term of four years. The Senate, when assembled, shall have the power to choose its own officers. Art. 21. The Legislature, in every year in which they apportion representation in the House of Representatives, shall divide the State into Senatorial districts. Art. 22. No parish shall be divided in the formation of a Sena- torial District, the parish of Orleans excepted. And whenever a new parish shall be created, it shall be attached to the Senatorial District from which most of its territory was taken, or to another contiguous district, at the discretion of the Legislature; but shall not be attached to more than one district. The number of Senators shall be thirty-six; and they shall be apportioned among the Senatorial Districts according to the electoral population contained in the several districts; Provided, That no parish be entitled to more than nine Senators. Art. 23. In all apportionments of the Senate, the electoral popula- tion of the whole State shall be divided by the number thirty-six, and the result produced by this division shall be the Senatorial ratio entitling a Senatorial District to a Senator. Single or contiguous parishes shall be formed into districts, having a population the nearest possible to the number entitling a district to a Senator; and if the apportionment to make a parish or district fall short of or exceed the ratio, then a district may be formed having not more than two Senators, but not otherwise. No new apportionment shall have the effect of abridging the term of service of any Senator already elected at the time of making the appor- tionment. After an enumeration has been made, as directed in the tenth 122 CONSTITUTION OF 1864. article, the Legislature shall not pass any law until an apportionment of representation in both houses of the General Assembly be made. Art. 24. At the first session of the General Assembly, after this Constitution takes effect, the Senators shall be equally divided by lot, into two classes; the seats of the Senators of the first class shall be vacated at the expiration of the term of the first House of Representa- tives; of the second class at the expiration of the term of the second House of Representatives; so that one-half shall be chosen every two years, and a rotation thereby kept up perpetually. In case any district shall have elected two or more Senators, said Senators shall vacate their seats respectively at the end of the term aforesaid, and lots shall be drawn between them. Art. 25. The first election for Senators shall be held at the same time that the election for Representatives is held; and thereafter there shall be elections of Senators at the same time with each general election of Representatives, to fill the places of those Senators whose term of service may have expired. Art. 26. Not less than a majority of the members of each house of the General Assembly shall form a quorum to do business; but a smaller number may adjourn from day to day, and shall be authorized by law to compel the attendance of absent members. Art. 27. Each house of the General Assembly shall judge of the qualifications, elections and return of its members; but a contested election shall be determined in such a manner as shall be directed by law. Art. 28. Each house of the General Assembly may determine the rules of its proceeding, punish a member for disorderly behavior, and, with a concurrence of two-thirds, expel a member; but not a second time for the same offense. Art. 29. Each house of the General Assembly shall keep and publish weekly a journal of its proceedings ; and the yeas and nays of the members on any question shall, at the desire of any two of them, be entered on the journal. Art. 30. Each house may punish, by imprisonment, any person not a member, for disrespectful and disorderly behavior in its presence, or for obstructing any of its proceedings. Such imprisonment shall not exceed ten days for any one offense. Art. 31. Neither house, during the sessions of the General Assembly, shall, without the consent of the other, adjourn for more than three days, nor to any other place than that in which they may be sitting. Art. 32. The members of the General Assembly shall receive from the public treasury a compensation for their services, which shall be eight dollars per day, during their attendance, going to and returning from the sessions of their respective houses. The compensation may be increased or diminished, by law, but no alteration shall take effect during the period of service of the members of the House of Representatives by CONSTITUTION OF 1864. 123 whom such alteration shall have been made. No session shall extend to a period beyond sixty days, to date from its commencement, and any legislative action had after the expiration of the said sixty days shall be null and void. This provision shall not apply to the first Legislature which is to convene after the adoption of this Constitution. Art. 33. The members of the General Assembly shall in all cases, except treason, felony, breach of the peace, be privileged from arrest during their attendance at the sessions of their respective houses, and going to or returning from the same; and for any speech or debate in either house shall not be questioned in any other place. Art. 34. No Senator or Representative shall, during the term for which he was elected, nor for one year thereafter, be appointed to any civil office of profit under this State, which shall have been created, or the emoluments of which -shall have been increased during the time such Senator or Representative was in office, except to such offices as may be filled by the election of the people. Art. 35. No person, who at any time may have been a collector of taxes, whether State, parish or municipal, or who may have been other- wise intrusted with public money, shall be eligible to the General Assembly, or to any office of profit or trust, under the State Government, until he shall have obtained a discharge for the amount of such collec- tions, and for all public moneys with which he may have been intrusted. Art. 36. No person, while he continues to exercise the functions of a clergyman of any religious denomination whatever, shall be eligible to the General Assembly. Art. 37. No bill shall liave the force of a law until, on three several days, it be read over in each house of the General Assembly, and free discussion allowed thereon ; unless in case of urgency, four-fifths of the house, where the bill shall be pending, may deem it expedient to dispense with this rule. Art. 38. All bills for raising revenue shall originate in the House of Representatives; but the Senate may propose amendments, as in other bills; provided, they shall not introduce any new matter, under the color of an amendment, which does not relate to raising revenue. Art. 39. The General Assembly shall regulate, by law, by whom, and in what manner, writs of election shall be issued to fill the vacancies which may happen in either branch thereof. Art. 40. The Senate shall vote on the confirmation of the officers, to be appointed by the Governor, with the advice and consent of the Senate, by yeas and nays; and the names of the Senators voting for and against the appointments, respectively, shall be entered on a journal to be kept for that purpose, and made public at the end of each session, or before. Art. 41. Returns of all elections for members of the General Assembly shall be made to the Secretary of State. Art. 42. In the year in which a regular election for a Senator of the United States is to take place, the members of the General Assembly 124 CONSTITUTION OF 1864. shall meet in the hall of the House of Eepresentatives, on the second Monday following the meeting of the Legislature, and proceed to said election. TITLE IV. EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT. Art. 43. The supreme executive power of the State shall be vested in a chief magistrate, who shall be styled the Governor of the State of Louisiana. He shall hold his office during the term of four years, and, together with the Lieutenant Governor, chosen for the same term, be elected as follows: The qualified electors for Eepresentatives shall vote for Governor and Lieutenant Governor at the time and place of voting for Representatives; the returns of every election shall be sealed up and transmitted by the proper returning officer to the Secretary of State, who shall deliver them to the Speaker of the House of Representatives on the second day of the session of the General Assembly then to be holden. The members of the General Assembly shall meet in the House of Rep- resentatives to examine and count the votes. The person having the greatest number of votes for Governor shall be declared duly elected; but, if two or more persons shall be equal and the highest in the number votes polled for Governor, one of them shall immediately be chosen Governor by joint vote of the members of the General Assembly. The person having the greatest number of votes polled for Lieutenant Gover- nor shall be Lieutenant Governor; but, if two or more persons shall be equal and highest in the number of votes polled for Lieutenant Governor, one of them shall be immediately chosen Lietenant Governor by joint vote of the members of the General Assembly. Art. 44. No person shall be eligible to the office of Governor or Lientenant Governor who shall not have attained the age of thirty-five years, and been a citizen and resident within the State for the period of five years next preceding his election. Art. 45. The Governor shall enter on the discharge of his duties on the second Monday of January next ensuing his election, and shall continue in office until the Monday next succeeding the day that his suc- cessor shall be declared duly elected, and shall have taken the oath or affirmation required by the Constitution. Art. 46. No member of Congress, minister of any religious denom- ination, or any person holding office under the United States Govern- ment, shall be eligible to (he office of Governor or Lieutenant Governor. Art. 4Y. In case of impeachment of the Governor, his removal from office, death, refusal or inability to qualify, resignation or absence from the State, the powers and duties of the office shall devolve upon the Lieutenant Governor for the residue of the term, or until the Governor, absent or impeached, shall return or be acquitted. The Legislature may provide by law for the case of removal, impeachment, death, resignation, disability or refusal to qualify of both the Governor and the Lieutenant Governor, declaring what officer shall act as Governor; and such officer CONSTITUTION OF 1864. 125 shall act accordingly until the disability be removed, or for the remainder of the term. Art. 48. The Lieutenant Governor, or officer discharging the duties of Governor, shall, during his administration, receive the same compen- sation to which the Governor would have been entitled had he continued in office. Art. 49. The Lieutenant Governor shall, by virtue of his office, be President of the Senate, but shall have only a casting vote therein. Whenever he shall administer the Government, or shall be unable to attend as President of the Senate, the Senators shall elect one of their own members as President of the Senate for the time being. Art. 50. The Governor shall receive for his services a compensation of eight thousand dollars per annum, payable quarterly, on his own war- rant. Art. 51. The Lieutenant Governor shall receive for his services a salary of five thousand dollars per annum, to be paid quarterly. Art. 52. The Governor shall have power to grant reprieves for all offenses against the State, and, except in cases of impeachment, shall, with the consent of the Senate, have power to grant pardons, remit fines and forfeitures, after conviction. In cases of treason he may grant reprieves until the end of the next session of the General Assembly, in which the power of pardoning shall be vested. Art. 53. He shall be commander in chief of the militia of this State, except when they shall be called into the service of the United States. Art. 54. He shall nominate and, by and with the advice and con- sent of the Senate, appoint all officers whose offices are established by the Constitution, and whose appointments are not herein otherwise provided for; provided, however, that the Legislature shall have a right to pre- scribe the mode of appointment to all other offices established by law. Art. 55. The Governor shall have power to fill vacancies that may happen during the recess of the Senate, by granting commissions which shall expire at the end of the next session thereof, unless otherwise pro- vided for in this Constitution ; but no person who has been nominated for office and rejected by the Senate shall be appointed to the same offic-^ during the recess of the Senate. Art. 56. He may require information in writing from the officers in the executive department upon any subject relating to the duties of their respective offices. Art. 57. He shall, from time to time, give to the General Assembly information respecting the situation of the State, and recommend to their consideration such measures as he may deem expedient. Art. 58. He may, on extraordinary occasions, convene the General Assembly at the seat of Government, or at a different place, if that should have become dangerous from an enemy or from epidemic; and, in case of disagreement between the two houses as to the time of adjournment, 126 CONSTITUTION OF 1864. he may adjourn them to such time as he may think proper, not exceeding four months. Art. 59. He shall take care that the laws are faithfully executed. Art. 60. Every bill which shall have passed both houses shall bo presented to the Governor; if he approve, he shall sign it; if not, he shall return it with his objections to the house in which it originated, which shall enter the objections at large upon its journal and proceed to consider it; if, after such consideration, two-thirds of all the members elected to that house shall agree i ass the bill, it shall be sent, with the objections, to the other house, by which it shall be likewise considered, and, if approved by two-thirds of the members elected to that house, it shall be a law; but, in such cases, the vote of both houses shall be determined by yeas and nays, and the names of the ruembers voting for or against the bill shall be entered on the journal of each house respectively. If any bill shall not be returned by the Governor within ten days (Sundays excepted) after it shall have been presented to him, it shall be a law in like manner as if he had signed it; unless the General Assembly, by adjournment, prevents its return. Art. 61. Every order, resolution or vote, to which the concurrence of both houses may be necessary, except on a question of adjournment, shall be presented to the Governor, and before it shall take effect, be approved by him, or, being disapproved, shall be repassed by two-thirds of the members elected to each house of the General Assembly. Art. 62, There shall be a Secretary of State, who shall hold his ofHce during the term for which the Governor shall have been elected. The records of the State shall be kept and preserved in the office of the Secretary; he shall keep a fair register of the official acts and proceedings of the Governor, and when necessary shall attest them; he shall, when required, lay the said register and all papers, minutes and vouchers rela- tive to his office, before either house of the General Assembly, and shall perform such other duties as may be enjoined on him by law. Art. 63. There shall be a Treasurer of the State ,and an Auditor of Public Accounts, who shall hold their respective offices during the term of four years. Art. 64. The Secretary of State, Treasurer of the State and Auditor of Public Accounts shall be elected by the qualified electors of the State; and in case of any vacancy caused by the resignation, death or absence of the Secretary, Treasurer or Auditor, the Governor shall order an election to fill said vacancy. Art. 65. The Secretary of State, the Treasurer and the Auditor shall receive a salary of five thousand dollars per annum each. Art. 66. All commissions shall be in the name and by the author- ity of the State of Louisiana, and shall be sealed with the State seal and signed by the Governor. Art. 67. All able bodied men in the State shall be armed and dis- ciplined for its defense. CONSTITUTION OF 1864. 127 Art. 68. The militia of the State shall be organized in such manner as may be hereafter deemed most expedient by the Legislature. TITLE V. JUDICIARY department. Art. 69. The judiciary power shall be vested in a Supreme Court, in such inferior courts as the Legislature may, from time to time, order and establish, and in justices of the peace. Art. 70. The Supreme Court, except in cases hereafter provided, shall have appellate jurisdiction only, which jurisdiction shall extend to all cases when the matter in dispute shall exceed three hundred dollars: to all cases in which the constitutionality or legality of any tax, toll or impost whatsoever, or of any fine, forfeiture or penalty imposed by a municipal corporation shall be in contestation; and to all criminal cases, on questions of law alone, whenever the offense charged is punishable with death or imprisonment at hard labor, or when a fine exceeding three hundred dollars is actually imposed. Art. 71. The Supreme Court shall be composed of one Chief Jus- tice and four Associate Justices, a majority of whom shall constitute a quorum. The Chief Justice shall receive a salary of seven thousand five hundred dollars and each of the Associate Justices a salary of seven thou- sand dollars, annually, until otherwise provided by law. The court shall appoint its own clerks. Art. 72. The Supreme Court shall hold its session in New Orlean3 from the first Monday in the month of November to the end of the month of June, inclusive. The Legislature shall have the power to fix the ses- sion elsewhere during the rest of the year. Until otherwise provided, the sessions shall be held as heretofore. Art. 73. The Supreme Court, and each of the judges thereof, shall have power to issue writs of habeas corpus, at the instance of all persons in actual custody under process in all cases in which they may have appel- late jurisdiction. Art. 74. No judgment shall be rendered by the 'Supreme Court without the concurrence of a majority of the judges comprising the court. Whenever the majority cannot agree, in consequence of the recusation of any member of the court, the judges not recused shall have power to call upon any judge or judges of the inferior courts, whose duty it shall be, when so called upon, to sit in the place of the judge or judges recused and to aid in determining the case. Art. 75. All judges, by virtue of their office, shall be conservators of the peace throughout the State. The style of all process shall be "The State of Louisiana." All prosecutions shall be carried on in the name and by the authority of the State of Louisiana and conclude against the peace and dignity of the same. Art. 76. The judges of all courts within the State shall, as often as it may be advisable so to do, in every definitive judgment, refer to 128 CONSTITUTION OF 1864. the particular law in virtue of which such judgment may be rendered, and in all cases adduce the reasons on which their judgment is foimded. Akt. 77. The judges of all courts shall be liable to impeachment; but for any reasonable cause, which shall not be sufficient ground for impeachmts inflicted. Searches and ^^- ^- "^^^ right of the people to be secure in their per- selzures. sons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches Warrants, and seizures, shall not be violated; and no warrant shall issue when to issue. ]^^^ upon probable cause, supported by oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, or the person or things to be seized. All courts ^^'^- ^^- ^^^ courts shall be open; and every person for open for re- injury done him in his land, goods, person, or reputation, shall have adequate remedy by due process of law, and justice ad- ministered without denial of unreasonable delay. , ^ Art. 11. No law shall be passed fixing the price of man- Labor. Ill ual labor. Art. 12. Every person has the natural right to worship No religious God according to the dictates of his conscience. No religious test. test shall be required as a qualification for office. Rights and Art. 13. All persons shall enjoy equal rights and privi- prlviieges in leges upon any conveyance of a public character ; and all veyances, etc. places of bxisiness or of public resort, or for which a license is rc(iuired by either State, parish, or municipal authority, shall be deemed places of a public character, and shall be opened to - ■ the accommodation and patronage of all persons, without dis- tinction or discrimination on account of race or color. „, . , . , Art. 14. The rights enumerated in this title shall not be Rights herein . ,., , .i . , , expressed not construed to limit or abridQ:e other rights of the people not o?he?riiMs. Horein expressed. TITLE n. LEGISLATIVE DEPARTMENT. Legislative A mi 1 • 1 power. Art. 15. The legislative power of the State shall be vested CONSTITUTION OF 1868 141 in two distinct branches, the one to be styled the House of Representatives, the other, the Senate; and both, the General Assembly of the State of Louisiana. Art. 16. The members of the House of Representatives rpgrm of office shall continue in office for two years from the day of the clos- of Represeut- . fl.tiVGS. ing of the general election. Art. 17. Representatives shall be chosen on the first Representa- Monday in November, every two years ; and the election shall tijes, when 1 11- 1 mi A 1 A 11 in chosen. The be completed m one day. Ihe General Assembly shall meet General As- annually on the first Monday in Januaiy, unless a different and'^wheTe 'to day be appointed by law ; and their sessions shall be held at the meet, seat of Government. Art. 18. Every elector under this Constitution shall be eligible to a seat in the House of Representatives; and every elector who has reached the age of twenty-five years shall be Eiigillbiilty eligible to the Senate; Provided, That no person shall be £i ative *o*r ^len- Representative or Senator unless, at the time of his election, he ^*°^- be a qualified elector of the Representative or Senatorial Dis- trict from which he is elected. Art. 19. Elections for members of the General Assembly Elections of shall be held at the several election precincts established by members of , i- ./ General As- law. sembly. Art. 20. Representation in the House of Representatives Representa- shall be equal and uniform, and, after the first General Assem- f ''^?' uniform bly elected under this Constitution, shall be ascertained and upon total regulated by the total population, each parish in the State P'^P"'^*'"^- being entitled to at least one Representative. A census of the f^^^ parish State, by State authority, shall be taken in the year eighteen least one Rep- hundred and seventy-five, and every ten years thereafter. In i"6sentative. case of informality, omission, or error in the census returns 5" j'^??"'^ — ^^^' from any parish or election district, the General Assembly may censu.s for the order a new census taken in such parish or election district; basL \or^aiv*' but until the State census of eighteen hundred and seventy-five P?''tionment till thp vpflr the apportionment of the State shall be made on the basis of 1875. the census of the United States for the year eighteen hundred and seventy. Art. 21. The General Assembly, at the first session after the making of each enumeration, shall apportion the repre-The General sentation amongst the several parishes and Representative ^ppo^'ion'^rep- Districts, on the basis of the total population, as aforesaid. A resentation. representative number shall be fixed, and each parish and Rep-Representa- resentative District shall have as many Representatives as the ^^'^^ number, number of its total population will entitle it to have, and an Additional additional representative for any fraction exceeding one-half for ^an'>°fm(>° of the representative number. The number of Representatives one-hlir^'he^ shall never exceed one hundred and twenty, nor be less than representative ninety. ''"'^•'^^- 143 CONSTITUTION OF 1868 Art. 22. Until an apportionment shall be made in accord- Kep™esenta- ance with the provisions of article twenty, the representation ponlonmelu' in t^e Senate and House of Representatives shall be as fol- lows: For the parish of Orleans: First Representative Dist. 2 Second Third Fourth Fifth Sixth Seventh Eighth Ninth Tenth a 4 2 2 1 2 1 2 3 Orleans, right bank 1 Ascension 2 Assumption 2 Avoyelles 2 Baton Rouge, East 3 Baton Rouge, West 1 Bienville 1 Bossier 2 Caddo 3 Calcasieu 1 Caldwell 1 Carroll 2 Catahoula 1 Claiborne 2 Concordia 2 DeSoto 2 Feliciana, East 2 Feliciana, West 1 Franklin 1 Iberville '^ Jackson 1 Jefferson 4 Lafayette 1 Lafourche 2 Livingston 1 Madison 1 Morehouse 1 Natchitoches 2 Ouachita 2 Plaquemines 1 Pointe Coupee 2 Rapides 3 Sabine 1 St. Bernard 1 St. Charles 1 St. Helena 1 St. James 2 St. John Baptist 1 St. Landry 4 St. Martin 2 St. Mary 2 St. Tammany I Tensas 2 Terrebonne 2 Union 1 Vermilion 1 Washington 1 Winn 1 Total, one hundred and one. Senatorial DlBtrlctB. First : Three Senators. And the State shall be divided into the following Sena- torial Districts, to-wit : The First, Second, and Third Representative Districts of New Orleans, shall form one Senatorial District, and elect three Senators. Second : The Fourth, Fifth, and Sixth Representative Districts of rwo Senators, j^g^ Orleans, shall form one district, and elect two Senators. The Seventh, Eighth, and Ninth Representative Districts Third : of New Orleans, and the parish of St. Bernard, shall form one Two Senators, jigtrict, and elect two Senators. CONSTITUTION OF 1868 143 The Tenth Representative District of New Orleans shall p.^^^.^^ form one district, and elect one Senator. One Senator. Orleans, right bank, and the parish of Plaquemines shall ^j^^j^ _ form one district, and elect one Senator. ^i»e Senator. The parishes of Jefferson, St. Charles, and St. John Bap- gj^^^ . tist shall form one district, and elect two Senators. Two Senators. The parishes of Ascension and St. James shall form one seventh : district, and elect one Senator. One Senator. The parishes of Assumption, Lafourche, and Terrebonne Eighth . shall form one district, and elect two Senators. Two Senators. The parishes of Vermilion and St. Mary shall form one ^inti, . district, and elect one Senator. One Senator. The parishes of Calcasieu, Lafayette, and St. Landry shall Tenth : form one district, and elect two Senators. Two Senatjrs. The parishes of Livingston, St. Helena, Washington and Eleventh : St. Tammany shall form one district, and elect ooe Senator, o°e Senator. The parishes of Pointe Coupee, East Feliciana, and West Twelfth : Feliciana shall form one district, and elect two Senators. Two Senators. The parish of East Baton Rouge shall form one district, Thirteenth : and elect one Senator. o^*" Senator. The parishes of West Baton Rouge, Iberville, and St. Fourteenth .- Martin shall form one district, and elect two Senators. ^° Senators. The parishes of Concordia and Avoyelles shall form one Fifteenth : district, and elect one Senator. °°^ Senator. The parishes of Tensas and Franklin shall form one dis- Sixteenth : trict, and elect one Senator. ^ ' '^°^^°'"- The parishes of Carroll, Madison, and Morehouse shall Seventeenth : form one district, and elect two Senators. ° ' *'°^^^''^- The parishes of Ouachita and Caldwell shall form one Eighteenth .- district, and elect one Senator. '^"^ Senator. The parishes of Jackson and Union shall form one dis- Nineteenth : trict, and elect one Senator. ^""^ Senator. The parishes of Bossier, Bienville, and Claiborne shall Twentieth : form one district, and elect two Senators. ^^° Senators. The parish of Caddo shall form one district, and elect one Twenty-first • Senator. 0°« Senator. The parishes of DeSoto, Natchitoches, and Sabine shall Twenty- , ,• • 1 1 o second: form one district, and elect two Senators. Two Scnatord The parish of Rapides shall form one district, and elect Twenty-third, one Senator. ^^^ Senator. ' The parishes of Catahoula and Winn shall form one dis- Twenty- trict, and elect one Senator. One Senator. Thirty-six Senators in all. Art. 23. The House of Representatives shall choose itsofflcers of the Speaker and other officers. House. 244 CONSTITUTION OF 1868 Art. 24. Electors, in all cases except treason, felony, or pHvUege'r**^" breach of the peace, shall be privileged from arrest during from arrest, ^^gij. attendance on, going to, and returning from elections. Art. 25. At its first session under this Constitution, the General Assembly shall provide by law, that the names and residence of all qualified electors shall be registered in order to Reaistration. gj^^jtle them to vote ; but the registry shall be free of cost to the elector. Art. 26. No person shall be entitled to vote at any elec- tion held in this State, except in the parish of his residence Place of vot-^^^ ^^ ^^^ election precinct in which he is registered; Pro- vided, That no voter in removing from one parish to another, shall lose the right to vote in the former, until he has acquired it in the latter. Art. 27. The members of the Senate shall be elected for Term of office ^^^^ ^^™^ ^^ ^^^^^ years ; and, when assembled, the Senate shall of Senators, have power to choose its own officers, except as hereinafter pro- vided. Art. 28. The General Assembly shall divide the State Senatorial j^^o Senatorial Districts whenever it apportions representation districts. m the House of Kepresentatives. Art. 29. ISTo parish shall be divided in the formation of a Districts, how Senatorial District, the parish of Orleans excepted; and when- formed, ^y^j. a new parish shall be created, it shall be attached to the Senatorial District from which most of its territory is taken, or to another contiguous district, at the discretion of the Gen- eral Assembly ; but shall not be attached to more than one dis- Number of trict. The number of Senators shall be thirty-six, and they ..ena ois. f^]^i^\\ \)q apportioned among the Senatorial Districts according to the total population of said districts. Art. 30. In all apportionments of the Senate, the total population of the State shall be divided by the number thirty- ratio, how six, and the result produced by this division shall be the Sena- obtained, torial ratio entitling a Senatorial District to a Senator, single or con- Single or contiguous parishes. shall be formed into districts ishes to com- Having a population the nearest possible to the number entit- pose districts, jjj^g. ^ (jigtrict to a Senator; and if the apportionment to make done wheii ap-a ijarish or district fall short of, or exceed the ratio, then a exceed°™or"' J' strict may be formed having not more than two Senators; falls short of but not otherwise. No new apportionment shall have the effect „ ■ ^^ of nbridging the term of service of any Senator already elected Isew appor- . . . tionment not at the time of making the apportionment. After an enumera- term of ser- f i<"'n ^^^^ been made, as directed in the twentieth article, the Z}^^i 4. V- General Assembly shall not pass any law till an apportionment No law to be . "^ . , , _/ V. i ^ i * i i i passed till ol representation m both Houses of the General Assembly be after appor- j tionment. "i^^e. CONSTITUTION OF 1868 145 Art. 31. At the first session of the General Assembly, after this Constitution goes into efiect, the Senators shall be senators divided equally by lot into two classes, the seats of the Senators cilsses. cf the first class to be vacated at the expiration of the term of the first House of Representatives; those of the second class, i»t the expiration of the term of the second House of Eepre- genators senlatives; so that one-half shall be chosen every two years chosen^^every successively. When a district shall have elected two Senators, their respective terms of office shall be determined by lot be- tween themselves. Art. 32. The first election for Senators shall be held at the same time with the election for Representatives; and there- ^^^ ^^ ^^^^ after there shall be elections of Senators at the same time with tion™ of Sena- each general election of Representatives, to fill the places of tors, those Senators whose term of office may have expired. Art. 33. Not less than a majority of the members of each house of the General Assembly shall form a quorum to transact Quorum, business ; but a smaller number may adjourn from day to day, and shall have full power to compel the attendance of absent members. Each House Art. 34. Each house of the General Assembly shall judge the"'quaiiflca- of the qualifications, election and returns of its members; but t^o^^^tg^^^^^^^g'^" a contested election shall be determined in such manner as its members. , Mill Contested may be prescribed by law. elections. Art. 35. Each house of the General Assembly may deter- Y^^^.^ House mine the rules of its proceedings, punish a member for disor- to determine _ , . -, 1 Its 1 u l*iS, tu derly conduct, and, with a concurrence of two-thirds, expel a punish and member; but not a second time for the same offense. ^g^| ^^^ Art. 36. Each house of the General Assembly shall keep and publish weeklv a journal of its proceedings ; and the yeas Journal of -. r ^ " ^ ,- Tii-j- proceedings , and nays of the members on any question, at the desire oi any yeas and nays. two of them, shall be entered on the journal. Art. 3Y. Each house may punish, by imprisonment, any i>uiiisiiment person not a member, for disrespect and disorderly behavior in of persons not its ])resenee, or for obstructing any of its proceedings; such imprisonment shall not exceed ten days for any one offense. Art. 38, Neither house shall adjourn for more than three * ^iQurnment days, nor to any other place than that in which it may be sit- during ses- ting, during the sessions of the General Assembly, without the ^ ^^^' consent of the other. Art. 39. The members of the General Assembly shall receive from the public treasury a compensation for their ser- vices, which shall be eight dollars per day during their attend- ©f members, ance, going to and returning from the sessions of their respec- tive houses. This compensation may be increased, or dimin- ished by Jaw, but no alteration shall take effect during the 146 CONSTITUTION OF 1868 period of service of the members of the House of Representa- sesslon. tives by which such alteration shall have been made. No ses- sion shall extend beyond the period of sixty days, to date from its commencement; and any legislative action, had after the expiration of said period of sixty days, shall be null and void; but the first General Assembly that shall convene after the adoption of this Constitution, may continue in session for one hundred and twenty days. Froodoin of Art. 40. The members of the General Assembly, in all meiiibcrs f i-om cjjggs except treason, felony, or breach of the peace, shall be privileged from arrest during their attendance at the sessions of their respective houses, and going to or returning from the same; and for any speech or debate in either house, shall not be questioned in any other place. Art. 41. No Senator or Representative, during the term iiepi-L'sonta- ' for which he was elected, nor for one year thereafter, shall be *^[^!1"/" Y-'rf'^'^PPoi^ted to any civil office of profit under this State, which ble. " shall have been created, or the emoluments of which may have been increased during the time such Senator or Representative was in office. Art. 42. No bill shall have the force of a law, until on Formality of tliree several days it be read in each house of the General enacting 'aws. ^/^^^^ggj^^jy^ ^^^^j £j,gg discussion allowed thereon, unless four- fifths of the house where the bill is pending may deem it expe- dient to dispense with this rule. Art. 43. All bills for raising revenue shall originate in l*^'^''.""^ bills ^]^Q House of Representatives; but the Senate may propose tiie ii'iiuse. I'mendments, as in other bills; provided, it shall not introduce AmiMuinients ^^y matter, Under the color of an amendment, which does not !n the Senate, relate to raising revenue. Ai{T. 44. The General Assembly shall regulate by whom Uoi'/^to'^fiit'*'''" "^'^' ^^- ^'^is* manner writs of election shall be issued to fill the vacancies. vacancies which may occur in either branch thereof. Art. 4.5. On the confirmation or rejection of the officers or rejection ^0 be appointed by the Governor, with the advice and consent tfons*'"'"^ of the Senate, the vote shall be by yeas and nays, and the names of the Senators voting for and against the appoint- ments, respectively, shall be entered on the journals to be kept for that purpose, and made public on or before the end of each Eleetio session. turns made to Art. 46. Returns of all elections for members of the Gen- o^'ktate!^^'''^'"^ eral Assembly shall be made to the Secretary of State. Art. 47. In the year in which a regular election for a Senator of the United States is to take place, the members of rn7te(i'"s*tates*^® General Assembly shall meet in the ha]l of the House of Senator. Representatives, on the second Monday following the meeting of the General Assembly, and proceed to said election. CONSTITUTION OF 1868 147 TITLE III. EXECUTIVE DEPARTMET. Art. 48. The supreme executive power of the State shal! Executive be vested in a chief magistrate, who shall be styled the Gov- power of the ernor of the State of Louisiana. He shall hold his office during whom vested. the term of four years, and, together with the Lieutenant j^j*^''™^^?g^.^®5'^ Governor chosen for the same term, be elected as follows : The and Lieuten- -. r, -, -, ,• T-. ■ 1 n ^ J- /-\ aiit Governor, qualified electors for Representatives shall vote for Governor and Lieutenant Governor at the time and place of voting for Representatives; the returns of every election shall be sealed Election re- up and transmitted by the proper returning officer to the Sec- whom made. retary of State, who shall deliver them to the Speaker of the ^/jJJ^^y ^ ^^^ex- House of Representatives on the second day of the session of amine and the General Assembly then to be holden. The members of the yotes. General Assembly shall meet in the House of Representatives to examine and count the votes. The person having the greatest number of votes for Governor, shall be declared duly elected ; oovVrnor "and but in case of a tie vote between two or more candidates, one T^i^^^tenant » Governor in of them shall immediately be chosen Governor by joint vote of ease of a tie. the members of the General Assembly. The person having the greatest number of votes polled for Lieutenant Governor, shall be Lieutenant Governor; but in case of a tie vote between two or more candidates, one of them shall be immediately chosen Lieutenant Governor by joint vote of the members of the General Assembly. Art. 49. No person shall be eligible to the office of Gov • persons eii,«;i- ernor or Lieutenant Governor, who is not a citizen of the JjJ^j.Jj^ oV^Gov- United States and a resident of this State two years next pre- ernor and T T ■ 1 .■ IJeutenant ceding his election. Governor. Art. 50. The Governor shall be ineligible for the sue- ^^^.p^nor in- ceeding four years after the expiration of the time for which eligible for he shall have been elected. ' . ■ ^• Art. 51. The Governor shall enter on the discharge ol .. ,.-,. 1 i-.«-i--r •!• G'-'vernor, his his duties on the second Monday m January next ensuing his entry upon election, and shall continue in office until the Monday next |^pp Tn office, succeeding the day that his successor shall be declared duly elected, and shall have taken the oath or affirmation required by the Constitution. Art. 52. No member of Congress, or any person holding ?'-r.T^be'-s ^^ ^ office under the United States Government, shall be eligible tOfTnifed s*^"*"- the office of Governor or Lieutenant Governor. ^nV'e'"*' ^^^^ Art. 53. In case of impeachment of the Governor, his removal from office, death, refusal, or inability to qualify, or jtis puc-cessor to discharge the powers and duties of his office, resignation or in office. absence from the State, the powers and duties of the office shall devolve upon the Lieutenant Governor for the residue of 148 CONSTITUTION OF 1868 the term, or until the Governor, absent or impeached, shall case of re- return or be acquitted, or the disability be removed. The both^^Go'voinor^^^G^^l Assembly may provide by law for the case of removal, and Lieu ten- impeachment, death, resignation, disability, or refusal to qual- Ueiitenant ify, of both the Governor and the Lieutenant Governor, de- Governor, claring what officer shall act as Governor; and such officer shall act accordingly, until the disability be removed, or for the remainder of the term. Art. 54. The Lieutenant Governor, or officer discharg- wiien to re- [ncr the duties of Governor, shall, during his administration, ceive the com- . . pcnsation of receive the same compensation to which the Governor would Governor. have been entitled, had he continued in office. Art. 55. The Lieutenant Governor shall, by virtue oi Goveiiioi- his office, be President of the Senate, but shall vote only when thT^Seniiie"^^ the Senate is equally divided. Wl:ienever he shall administer the Government, or shall be unable to attend as President of pro tem. the Senate, the Senators shall elect one of their own members as President of the Senate for the time being. Art. 56. The Governor shall receive a salary of eight Sal.ll'V ol , 1 T n 11 1 1 • Governor. thousand dollars per annum, payable quarterly, on his own warrant. . Art. 57. The Lieutenant Governor shall receive a salary i.:o'iueuam of three thousand dollars per annum, payable quarterly, upon io\eiiioi. j^-g ^,^^^ warrant. Art. 58. The Governor shall have power to grant re- Repneves. . . ,, „ • i o i pardons, etc. prieves for all oiienses against the btate; and, except m cases of impeachment, shall, with the consent of the Senate, have power to grant pardons, remit fines and forfeitures, after con- viction. In cases of treason, he may grant reprieves until the end of the next session of the General Assembly, in which the power of pardoning shall be vested. In cases when the pun- ishment is not imprisonment at hard labor, the party, upon being reprieved by the Governor, shall be released, if in actual custody, until final action by the Senate. Governor Art. 59. He shall be commander in chief of the militia In-Chief. of this State, except when they shall be called into the service of the United States. Art. 60. He shall nominate, and, by and with the advice and a'"' i'.- and consent of the Senate, appoint all officers whose offices aro t'he Gove^raor established by the Constitution, and whose appointments are not herein otherwise provided for; Provided, however, That the General Assembly shall have a right to prescribe the mode of appointment to all other offices established by law. I'ower of the Art. G1. The Governor shall have power to fill vacancies Governor to that may happen durinc: the recess of the Senate, by granting fill va' ancles. . . i- i i n • , ,i j r .i Z. commissions, which shall expire at the end of the next session thereof, unless otherwise provided for in this Constitution; CONSTITUTION OF 1868 1 U) but no person who has been nominated for oiEce and rejected by the Senate, shall be appointed to the same office during the recess of the Senate. Art. 62. He may require information in writing from luiormatiu.i the officers in the executive department upon any subject ti ve^oii!lv .'L relating to the duties of their respective offices. Art. 63. He shall, from time to time, give the General Assembly information respecting the situation of the State, ti..--, iJ ['['\ and recommend to their consideration such measures as ^le ^e^mbjy ' '^' may deem expedient. Art. 64. He may, on extraordinary occasions, convene the General Assembly at the seat of Government, or at a Governor to'' different place, if that should have become dangerous from an loTcHouru Uie enemy or from epidemic ; and in case of disagreement be- ueuerai As- tween the two houses as to the time of adjournment, he may ^^^ ^' adjourn them to such time as he may think proper, not exceed- ing four months. Art. 65. He shall take care that the laws be faithfully Execution of executed. ^ Art. 66. Every bill which shall have passed both houses. shall be presented to the Governor; if he approve, he shall t^*"'^J' "/ *' ° Supreme and tliereol, but such as are judicial; and the said judges are pro- (^am-ts.*^^ hibited from receiving any fees of office, or other compensa- tion than their salaries, for any official duties performed by them. Art. 83. The General Assembly shall divide the State sf te 'ivided ^"**^ judicial districts, which shall remain unchanged for four Into judicial years; and for each district court, one judge, learned in the law, shall be elected for each district by a plurality of the ^•^'^^rt^fcn^eac Q^i^^ifi^d electors thereof. For each district there shall be one district, ex- district court, except in the parish of Orleans, in which the parish"of" General Assembly may establish as many district courts as the Orleans. public interests may require. Until otherwise provided, there Seven district shall be seven district courts for the parish of Orleans, with paris\i ot ^ the following original jurisdiction the First, exclusive crimi- orieans. i^gi jurisdiction; the Second, exclusive probate jurisdiction; Jurisdiction the Third, exclusive jurisdiction of appeals from justices of (M-ieanf' "^ the peace; the Fourth, Fifth, Sixth and Seventh District Courts, exclusive jurisdiction in all civil cases, except probate, when the sum in contest is above one hundred dollars, exclu- sive of interest. These seven courts shall also have such fur- ther jurisdiction, not inconsistent herewith, as shall be confer- red by law. Number of The number of districts in the State shall not be less than tric'ts'^' ^^^ twelve nor more than twenty. The clerks of the district courts Clerks eiec- shall be elected by the qualified electors of their respective parishes, and shall hold their office for four years. Art. 84. Each of said judges shall receive a salary to be salaries. fixed by law, which .shall not be increased or diminished during his term of office, and shall never be less than five (^uaiiflcations. thousand dollars. He must be a citizen of the United States, over the age of twenty-five years, and have resided in the Stat€ and practiced law therein for the space of two years next pre- Term of office. ^^^^^ j^jg election. The judges of the district courts shall holcl their office for the term of four years. Turisdictlon Art. 85. The district court shall have original jurisdic- of district tion in all civil cases, when the amount in dispute exceeds five hundred dollars, exclusive of interest. In criminal cases their jurisdiction shall be unlimited. They shall have appellate jurisdiction in civil ordinary suits when the amount in dispute exceeds one hundred dollars, exclusive of interest. CONSTITUTION OF 1868 153 Art. 80. For each parish court one judge shall be elected by the qualified electors of the parish. He shall hold his office judge elective for the term of two years. He shall receive a salary and fees sa[^y°^ offltc. to be provided by law. Until otherwise provided, each parish judge shall receive a salary of one thousand two hundred dol- lars per annum and such fees as are established by law for clerks of district courts. He shall be a citizen of the United _ ,,„ ^, Qualifications. States and of this State. Art. 87. The parish courts shall have concurrent juris- diction with the justices of the peace in all cases, when the ^^ ^p^p'j^g*^^"^ amount in controversy is more than twenty-five dollars and courts in civii less than one hundred dollars, exclusive of interest. They shall have exclusive original jurisdiction in ordinary suits in all cases, when the amount in dispute exceeds one hundred dollars and does not exceed five hundred dollars; subject to an appeal to the districl court in all cases, when the amount in contestation exceeds one hundred dollars, exclusive of interest. All successions shall be opened and settled in the parish courts; and all suits in which a succession is either plaintiff or defendant, may be brought either in the parish or district court, according to the amount involved. In criminal matters .iiirisdlctlon the parish courts shall have jurisdiction in all cases when the cases, penalty is not necessarily imprisonment at hard labor, or death, and when the accused shall waive trial by jury. They shall also have the power of committing magistrates, and such wers. other jurisdiction as may be conferred on them by law. There ^^ ^^.j^j ^ shall be no trial by juiy before the parish courts. jury. Art. 88. In all probate matters, when the amount in dis- , , ^ ,„, iiin !• r ■ Appeal to ue pute shall exceed five hundred dollars, exclusive of interest, Supreme the appeal shall be directly from the parish to the Supreme '-'^"'■'^• Court. Abt. 89. The Justices of the Peace shall be elected by the electors of each parish, in the manner to be provided by the peace elective. General Assembly. They shall hold office for the term of two com™ ensaXn! years, and their compensation shall be fixed by law. Their Jurisdict.on. jurisdiction in civil cases shall not exceed one hundred dollars, exclusive of interest, subject to an appeal to the parish court in all cases, when the amount in dispute shall exceed ten dol- lars, exclusive of interest. They shall have such criminal jurisdiction as shall be provided for by law. Art. 90. If any case, when the judge may be recused, and when he is not personally interested in the matters in con- ceedfnK'in'^'^ testation, he shall select a lawyer, having the qualifications case of recu- remnred for a judge of his court, to try such cases. And when judge, the judje is personally interested in the suit, he shall call upon the parish or district judge, as the case may be, to try the case. 154 CONSTITUTION OF 1868 Salary. Art. 01. The General Assembly shall have power to vest As^einbiy may in the parish judges the right to grant such orders and to do vest m pa''^''such acts as may be deemed necessary for the furtherance of juuges tur- .... tuer powers, the administration of justice; and in all cases the power, thus granted, shall be specified and determined. Art. 92. There shall be an Attorney General for the emf^eiective" State who shall be elected by the qualified electors of the State at large. He shall receive a salary of five thousand dollars per annum, payable quarterly, on his own warrant, and shall instrk-t a. -or- told his ofiice for four years. There shall be a district attorney neys eiecLxve. fQj. qqqI^ judicial district of the State, who shall be elected by the qualified electors of the judicial district. lie shall receive termpf^omce. ^ salary of fifteen hundred dollars, payable quarterly, on his own warrant, and shall hold his office for four years. A-RT. 93. There shall be a sheriff and coroner elected by the qualified electors of each parish, except the parish of Orleans. In the parish of Orleans, there shall be elected by the qualified electors of the parish at large, one sheriff for the criminal court, who shall be tJae executive oiEcer of said court, and shall have charge of the parish prison. There shall also be elected, by the qualified electors of the parish at large, one sheriff who shall be the executive ofiicer of the civil courts, and who shall perform all other duties heretofore devolving upon the sheriff of the Parish of Orleans, except those herein dele- gated to the sheriff of the criminal court. The qualified elec- tors of the City of New Orleans, residing below the middle of Canal street, shall elect one coroner for that district; and the qualified electors of the city of New Orleans, residing above the middle of Canal street, together with those residing in that part of the parish known as Orleans, right bank, shall elect one coroner for that district. All of said officers shall hold their office for two years, and receive such fees of office as may be prescribed by law. Art. 94. No judicial powers, except as committing mag- istrates in criminal cases, shall be conferred on any officers otlier than those mentioned in this title, except such as may be necessary in towns and cities ; and the judicial powers of such officers shall not extend further than the cognizance of cases arising under the police regulations of towns and cities in the State. In any case where such officers shall assume jurisdic- tion over other matters than those which may arise under police regulations, or under their jurisdiction as committing juHs^di'ctlon.' magistrates, they shall be liable to an action of damages, in favor of the party injured or his heirs; and a verdict in favor of the party injured shall, ipso facta . operate a vacation of the office of said officer. SheriEf and coroner elective. Tn the '^aiisb of Orleans two sheriffs elective. Two coroners for the city of New Orleans and parish of (Orleans. Salaries aiu terms of office. Officers re- stricted In the exercise of judicial powers. Illegal as CONSTITUTION OF 1868 155 TITLE V. IMPEACHMENT. Art. 95. The power of impeachment shall be vested in impeachment, the House of Representatives. Art. 96. Impeaclmients of the Governor, Lieutenant j^^p^^^j^^^^^^^ Governor, Attorney General, Secretary of State, Auditor of triable by .ae Public Accounts, State Treasurer, Superintendent of Public ^^°^*^' Education, and of the judges of the inferior courts, justices of the peace excepted, shall be tried by the Senate ; the Chief chief Justice Justice of the Supreme Court, or the senior associate judge ^ssoc^iate^ Jus- thereof, shall preside during the trial of such impeachments, ti^e to pre- Impeachments of the judges of the Supreme Court shall be tried by the Senate. Wlien sitting as a Court of Impeachment, senators to be the Senators shall be upon oath or affirmation, and no person 'j[^"°jjj^°^^^^ "'" shall be convicted without the concurrence of two-thirds of the Senators present. Art. 97. Judgments in cases of impeachment shall extend -j^^^-pnt of only to removal from office and disqualification from holding Judgments, any office of honor, trust or profit in the State; but the con- victed parties shall, nevertheless, be subject to indictment, trial and punishment according to law. TITLE VI. general provisions. Art. 98. Every male person of the age of twenty-one years or upwards, born or naturalized in the United States, Electors, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, and a resident of this State one year next preceding an election, and the last ten days within the parish in which lie offers to vote, shall be deemed an elector, except those disfranchised by this Consti- tution, and persons under interdiction. Art. 99. The following persons shall he prohibited from classes of voting and holding any office : All persons who shall have been tr^ancMsed.'" convicted of treason, perjury, forgery, bribery, or other crime punishable in the penitentiary, and persons under interdiction. All persons who are estopped from claiming the right of suffrage by abjuring their allegiance to the United States Gov- ernment, or by notoriously levying war against it, or adhering t<: its enemies, giving them aid or comfort, but who have not expatriated themselves, nor have been convicted of any of the crimes mentioned in the first paragraph of this article, are hereby restored to the said right, except the following: Those who held office, civil or military, for one year or more, under the organization styled " The Confederate States of Amer- 156 CONSTITUTION OF 1868 ica ;" those who registered themselves as enemies of the United States; those who acted as leaders of guerrilla bands during the late rebellion ; those who, in the advocacy of treason, wrote or published newspaper articles or preached sermons during the late rebellion ; and those who voted for and signed an ordi nance of secession in any State. No person included in these exceptions shall either vote or Certificate of hold office until he shall have relieved himself by voluntarily V, riling and signing a certificate setting forth that he acknowl- edge s the late rebellion to have been morally and politically wrong, and that he regrets any aid and comfort he may have C'lven it; and he shall file the certificate in the office of the Scciotary of State, and it shall be published in the official I'ersons aid- journal; Provided, That no person who, prior to the first of struction January, eighteen hundred and si:sty-eight, favored the execu- ll^^\ *°j,''^';'^''ticn of tlie laws of the United States, popularly known as the not disfian- Reconstruction Acts of Con^'ress, and openly and actively assisted the loyal men of the State in their efforts to restore Oath of persou j^ jgj ^^ to her position in the Union, shall be held to be prima fauie i i • i -n ■ evideuce of im.'lu'lfc^ among those herein excepted. Registrars of voters benefit of this shall take the oath of any such person as prima facie evidence proviso. pf |]^(-. fa(.^ (^]-,g^ ]^g jg entitled to the benefit of this proviso. Oath of (.nice. Art. 100. Members of the General Assembly and all other officers, before they enter upon the duties of their offices, shall ti.ke the following oath or affirmation: "I, (A. B.), do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I accept the civil and political tfjuality of all men, and agree not to attempt to deprive any l)erson or persons, on account of race, color, or previous condi- tion, of any political or civil right, privilege, or immunity enjoyed by any other class of men; that I will support the Constitution and laws of the United States, and the Constitu- tion and lows of this State; and that I will faithfully and impartially discharge and perform all the duties incumbent on me as , according to the best of my ability and undersianding. So help me God." ^ „ . . . Art. 101. Tieason against the State shall consist only Detinilion of . - . . . ,, . . . . . treason. Con- in levying war against it or adhering to its enemies, giving obtanu'd. °^ them aid and comfort. No person shall be convicted of trea- son except on the testimony of two witnesses to the same overt act, or on his confession in open court. rcnaities. Art. 102. All penalties shall be proportioned to the nature of tlie offense. Kree saffratre, Art. 108. The privilege of free suffrage shall be sup- how protected, p^j-fp,] |-.,y ],,^y^ regulating elections and prohibiting under adequate penalties all undue influence thereon from power, bribery, iunrilt or other improper practice. CONSTITUTION OF 1868 157 Art. 104. No money shall be drawn from the Treasury ^^^^^^^ ^^^ but in pursuance of specific appropriations made by law. A drawn' from statement and account of receipts and expenditures of all pub- '^ 't-'-ifcuiy. lie moneys shall be made annually, in such manner as shall be Recei^pts^and prescribed bj law; and the first General Assembly convening under this Constitution shall make a special appropriation to j^^^^ ^^ ^,^^ liquidate whatever portion of the debt of this Convention may, ^^J^'^^'^-'^j^j^ at that time, remain unpaid or unprovided for. Art. 105. All civil officers of the State at large shall be Qualifications voters of and reside within the State; and all district or Vav- l^^^f^^l^"^^^^ ish officei^^ shall reside within their respective districts or par- ishes, and shall keep their offices at such place therein, as may be required by law. Art. K)6. All civil officers shall be removable by an ^ivii officers address -^f two-thirds of the members elect to each House of remo\-ed by the General Assembly, except those whose removal is other- Exception, wise ]n-ovidcd for by this Constitution. Art. 107. In all elections by the people the vote shall be Y>,sL\u,t. vote taken by ballot ; and in all elections by the Senate and House viva voce, of Representatives, jointly or separately, the vote shall be given viva voce. Art. 108. None but citizens of the United States and of (-jti^pus only this State shall be appointed to any office of trust or profit in eligible to , . ^ office, this State. Art. 109. The laws, public records, and the judicial and legislative pioceedings of the State, shall be promulgated and ^^romulgaaon preserved in the English language; and no law shall require tion of laws, judicial process to be issued in any other than the English language. Art. no. No ex post facto or retroactive law, nor any ^^^ ^^^ ^^^^^ law impairing the obligation of contracts, shall be passed; noi'laws, vested vested rights be divested, unless for purposes of public utility^ ^ and for adequate compensation made. Art. 111. Whenever the General Assembly shall contract j^gg^pj^^i^jj a debt exceeding in amount the sum of one hundred thousand upon the in I • /. , 1 - • powers of the aoliars, unless m case ol war to repel invasion or suppress General As- insiu'rection, it shall, in the law creating the debt, provide ^^™bi.v to con- adequate ways and means for the payment of the current interest and of the principal, when the same shall become due; and the said law shall be irrepealable until principal and inter est be fully paid; or unless the repealing law contain some adequaip provision for the payment of the principal and inter- est of the debt. Art H2. The General Assembly shall provide by law ^'J'^^^'^J^e of for all change of venue in civil and criminal cases. 158 CONSTITUTION OF 1868 Akt. Ho. The General Assembly may enact general laws Kmancipatiou. regulating the adoption of children, emancipation of minors. Divorce. ^^^ ^y^. grauimg of divorces; but no special law shall be passed relating to particular or individual cases. Title of laws. Art. 114. Every law shall express its object or objects in its title. Art. 115. No law shall be revived or amended by refer- auu'udment of ence to its title; but in such case the revived or amended laws. section shall be re-enacted and published at length. Art. li(i. The General Assembly shall never adopt any codes °of ^aws. system or code of laws by general reference to such system or code of laws ; but in all cases shall specify the several provis- ion? of the law it may enact. But one office Art. 317. No person shall hold or exercise, at the same to be held at i[jjiQ more than one office of trust or profit, except that of same time. . . , , i i- Exception. justice 01 the peace or notary public. Art. lis. Taxation shall be equal and uniform through- eififaT and ^ut the State. All property shall be taxed in proportion to its uniform. value, to be ascertained as directed by law. The General Exempuons. Assembly shi*iJ have power to exempt from taxation property actually used for church, school or charitable purposes. The Trades and General Assembly may levy an income tax upon all persons ' _ pursuing r.ny occupation, trade or calling. And all such persons shall obtain a license, as provided by law. All tax on Income tax income shall he pro rata on the amount of income, or business dojje. And all deeds of sale made, or that may be made by collectors of taxes, shall be received by courts in evidence as prima facie valid sales. The General Assembly shall levy a I'dii tax. poll tax on all male inhabitants of this State, over twenty-one yea is eld, for school and charitable purposes, which tax shall never exceed one dollar and fifty cents per annum, lu'bts In In- Art. 119. No liability, either State, parochial or muni- be^HMi ^vold^ cipal, shall exist for any debts contracted for, or in tho interest of the rebellion against the United States Govern- mei' t. Certain va- ^^^'^- ^^^- '^^'^ General Assembly may determine the ran(i(>s. mode mode of filling vacancies in all offices for which provision is not made in this Constitution. No property ^,j^ -^^l. The General Assembly shall pass no law nualificaiion . . t n ■ j- ^ for office. requiring a property qualification for office. Officers to ro- Art. 122. All officers shall continue to discharge the rnain In oHife duties of their offices, until their successors shall have been till successors . nn ■ r • i_ are Inducted, inducted into office, except m cases of impeacnment or sus- Exception. pension. „. , , Art. 123. The General Assembly shall provide for the Uifchts of mar . ri-i <• -i i-iij rled women, protection of the rights of married women to their dotal and paraphernal property, and for the registration of the same; CONSTITUTION OF 1868 150 but no mortgage or privilege shall hereafter affect third ^^^.^ ^^^^ parties, unless recorded in the parish where the property to be gages and affected is situated. The tacit mortgages and privileges now Pj;.[gj. "^flnuai-.v existing in this State shall cease to have effect against third i- 1S70. persons after the first day of January, eighteen hundred and seventy, unless duly recorded. The General Assembly shall ^^''^j^^^^^'f^^^^g provide by law for the registration of all mortgages and and privileges privileges. Art. 124. The General Assembly, at its first session under this Constitution, shall provide an annual pension for Pensions, the veterans of eighteen hundred and fourteen and eighteen hundred and fifteen, residing in the State. Art. 125. The military shall be in subordination to the Military •^ power. civil power. Art. 126. It shall be the duty of the General Assembly paupers, to make it obligatory upon each parish to support all paupers residing within its limits. Art. 127. All agreements, the consideration of which ^^^.^^j^^ ^^j-gg, was Confederate money, notes or bonds, are null and void ; ments void, and shall not be enforced by the courts of this State. Art. 128. Contracts for the sale of persons are null and g^fj/p^^jj*'' """^ void, and shall not be enforced by the courts of this State. Art. 129. The State of Louisiana shall never assume pebts in aid nor pay any debt or obligation contracted or incurred in aid '^^^^^^^ rebe!- of the rebellion; nor shall this State ever, in any manner, claim from the United States, or make any allowance or com- fo'i-^s'iaves. pensation for slaves, emancipated or liberated, in any way whatever. Art. 130. All contracts made and entered into under the pretended authority of any government heretofore exist- pp^^j,j,^ j,j_ ing in this State, by which children were bound out without dentures void, the knowledge or consent of their parents, are hereby declared null and void ; nor shall any child be bound out to any one for any term of years, while either one of its parents lives, with- out the consent of such parent, except in cases of children legally sent to the house of correction. Art. 131. The seat of government shall be established at 'he city of New Orleans, and shall not be removed withoiat the ernment. consent of two-thirds of the members of both houses of the General Assembly. Art. 132. All lands sold in pursuance of decrees of divided into courts shall be divided into tracts of from ten to fifty acres, tracts. Art. 133. No judicial powers shall be exercised by clerks Clerics of r , courts. ot courts. Art. 134. No soldier, sailor, or marine in the militaiy ^„,flJprs sail- or naval service of the United States shall hereafter acquire ors and a residence in this State by reason of being stationed or doing duty in the same. ir.o CONSTITITIOX OF 1868 Kstablishmoiu and siiinK)!'! of free schols. Chikirpii mi t tod. ad F.xclusive schools. Itestriction of powers of nniiiicipal cor- porations. Superintend- ent of 1 ublie Kducation elective. Term of otiice. Oiities. Salary School exer- cises. School fund. Appropria- tions to pri- vate schools and institu- tions. Funds apiiro priated to free schools and Univer- sity of Nov.- Orleans. TITLE VII. PUBLIC EDUCATION. Art. 135. The General Assembly shall establish at least one iree public school in every parish throughout the State, and shall provide for its support by taxation or otherv7ise. All children of this State, between the ages of six (6) and twenty -one (21), shall be admitted to the public schools or other institutions of learning sustained or established by the State, in common, without distinction of race, color, or pre- vious condition. There shall be no separate schools or insti- tiiticns of learning, established exclusively for any race by the i-'tate of Louisiana. Art. 136. ISTo municipal corporation shall make any lules or regulations contrary to the spirit and intention of article one hundred and thirty-five (135). Art. 137. There shall be elected by the qualified voters of Ihis State a Superintendent of Public Education, who shall hold his office for four years. His duties shall be prescribed by law, and he shall have the supervision and the general control of all i:)ublic schools throughout the State. He shall receive a salary of five thousand dollars per annum, payable quarterly on his own warrant. Art. 138. The general exercises in the public .schools shall be conducted in the English language. Art. 139. The proceeds of all lands heretofore granted by the United States for the use and support of public schools; and of all lands or nther property which may here- aftei- be bequeathed for that purpose; and of all lands which m.ay be granted or bequeathed to the State, and not granted or bequeathed expressly for any other purpose, which may here- after be disposed of by the State; and the proceeds of all estates of deceased persons, to which the State may be enti- tled by law, shall be held by the State as a loan, and shall be and remain a perpetual fund on which the State shall pay an annual interest of six per cent., which interest, with the interest of the trust fund deposited with this State by the United States, under the act of Congress, approved June the twenty-third, eighteen hundred and thirty-six, and the ren*- of the unsold lands, shall be appropriated to the support of such schools; and this appropriation shall remain inviolable. Art. 140. No appropriation shall be made by the General Assembly for the support of any private school or any private institution of learning whatever. Art. 141. One-half of the funds, derived from the poll tax herein provided for, shall be appropriated exclusively to the support of the free public schools throughout the State and the University of New Orleans. CONSTITUTION OF 18G8 10) Art. 142. A university shall be established and main- tained in the city of New Orleans. It shall be composed of a Establishment law, a medical, and a collegiate department, each with appro- nauc™of°a^ priate faculties. The General Assembly shall provide by law University, for its organization and maintenance; Provided, That all Proviso, departments of this institution of learning shall be opened in common to all students Capable of matriculating. No rules or regulations shall be made by the trustees, faculties, or other oificers of said institution of learning, nor shall any laws be made by the General Assembly, violating the letter or spirit of the articles under this title. Art. 143. Institutions for the support of the insane, the Benevolent education and support of the blind and the deaf and dumb, institutions, shall always be fostered by the State, and be subject to such regulations as may be prescribed by the General Assembly. TITLE VIII. militia. Art. 144. It shall be the duty of the General Assembly to organize the militia of the State; and all able-bodied male ^ ™ citizens, between the ages of eighteen and forty-five years, not disfranchised by the laws of the United States, and of this State, shall be subject to military duty. Art. 145. The Governor shall appoint all commissioned Appointment oflBcers, subject to confirmation or rejection by the Senate, of commis- except the staff ofiicers, who shall be appointed by their Kxceptiou. respective chiefs, and commissioned by the Governor. All militia officers shall take and subscribe to the oath prescribed f^ath of office, for officers of the United States army and the oath prescribed for officers in this State. Art. 146. The Governor shall have power to call the militia into active service for the preservation of law and The miiitia, order, or when the public safety may require it. The milith^ ^'jjom '^"uied when in active service, shall receive the same pay and allow- i°to service. ances as officers and privates, as is received by officers and Their pay. privates in the United States army. TITLE TX. MODE OF REVISING THE CONSTITUTION. Art. 147. Any amendment or amendments to this Con- ^^^^^ ^j stitution may be proposed in the Senate or House of Eepre- amending tiu- sentatives, and if the same shall be agreed to by two-thirds ^°"^"f"^'«"- of the members elected to each house, such proposed amend- ment or amendments shall be entered on their respec- tive journals, with the yeas and nays taken thereon; 1G2 CONSTITUTION OF 1868 Amenclment.s and the Secretary of State shall cause the same to be published, three months before the next general election for Kepresentatives to the General Assembly, in at least one newspaper in every parish in the State, in which a newspaper shall be published. And such proposed amendment or amendments shall be submitted to the people at said election; and if a majority of the voters at said election shall approve and ratify such amendment or amend- ments, the same shall become a part of this Constitution. If more than one amendment shall be submitted at one time, they shall be submitted in such manner and form that the people may vote for or against each amendment separately. Ordinance of secession void Previous Con stitutions superseded. Rights, ac- tions, prose- cutions, claims con- tracts and laws remain Ins In force. Exceptions. TITLE X. SCHEDULE. Art. 148. The ordinance of secession of the State of Louisiana, passed twenty-sixth of January, eighteen hundred and sixty-one, is hereby declared to be null and void. The Constitution adopted in eighteen hundred and sixty-four and all previous Constitutions in the State of Louisiana, are declared to be superseded by this Constitution. Art. 149. All rights, actions, prosecutions, claims, con- tracts, and all laws in force at the time of the adoption of this Constitution and not inconsistent therewith, shall con- tinue as if it had not been adopted; all judgments and judicial sales, marriages and executed contracts, made in good faith and in accordance with existing laws in this State, rendered, made, or entered into, between the twenty- sixth day of January, eighteen hundred and sixty-one, and the date when this Constitution shall be adopted, are hereby declared to be valid, except the following laws: "An Act to authorize the widening of the New Canal and Basin." Approved March fourteenth, eighteen hundred and sixty-seven. "An Act to amend and re-enact the one hundred and twenty-first section of an act entitled 'An Act relative to Crimes and OflFenses.' " Approved December twentieth, eighteen hundred and sixty-five. "An Act for the punishment of persons for tampering? with, persunding. or enticing away, harboring, feeding or secreting laborers, servants or apprentices." Approved December twenty-first, eighteen hundred and sixty-five. "An Act to punish, in certain cases, the employers of laborers and apprentices." Approved December twenty-first, eighteen hundred and sixty-five. "An Act in relation to exemption from State, parish, and city taxes, for the years eighteen hundred and sixty-two, CONSTITUTION OF 1868 163 eighteen hundred and sixty-three, eighteen, hundred and sixty- four, and eighteen hundred and sixty-five, in certain cases." Certified sixteenth March, eighteen hundred and sixty-six. "An Act granting ferry privileges to C. K. Marshall, his heirs, or assigns." Approved March tenth, eighteen hundred and sixty-six. "An Act to authorize the Board of Levee Commissioners of the Levee District in the parishes of Madison and Carroll, to issue bonds," etc., etc. Approved March twenty-eighth, eighteen hundred and sixty-seven. Section third of "An Act to organize the Police of New Orleans, and to create a Police Board therein." Approved twelfth of February, eighteen hundred and sixty-six. Art. 150. The laws relative to the duties of officers shall ..„„ ^ . . 1 i^aws to re- remain in force, though contrary to this Constitution, and the main in force several duties be performed by the respective officers, until the officers. ^'' ° organization of the government under this Constitution. r n i f Art. 151. The General Assembly shall provide for the causes to the removal of causes now pending in the courts of this State to [^^^ Consfuu- courts created by or under this Constitution. tion. TITLE XL ORDINANCE. Art. 152. Lnmediately upon the adjournment of this Ratiflcatlon of Convention, this Constitution shall be submitted for ratifica- <^"°stitution. tion to the registered voters of the State, in confoimity to the act of Congress, passed March second, eighteen hundred and sixty-seven, entitled "An Act to provide for the more efficient government of the rebel States," and the acts supplementary thereto. Art. 153. The election for the ratification of the Con- stitution shall be held on Friday and Saturday, the seven- S'^^'^lon for tne ratlflca- teenth and eighteenth days of April, eighteen hundred and tUm of this sixty-eight, at the places now prescribed by law; and the polls ^^^^ fution. shall be kept open from seven o'clock A. M. to seven o'clock P. M. At the election all those in favor of ratifying the Constitution, shall have, written or printed on their ballots, "For the Constitution;" and those opposed to ratifying the j^^rm of bai- Constitution, shall have, written or printed on their ballots, "Against the Constitution." Art. 154. In order to establish a civil government, as required by act of Congress, passed March twenty-third, state, iudirlal. eighteen hundred and sixty-seven, an election shall be held at ^pai'^offlj.prs" the same time and place at which the Constitution is sub- momhers of mitted for ratification, for all State, judicial, parish and Assembiy'^and municipal officers, for members of the General Assembly, and Congressmen. 164 CONSTITUTION OF 1868 for Congressional Representatives, at which eleclion t'.;: electors who are qualified under the reconstruction acts of Congress shall vote, and none others; Provided, That any elector shall be eligible to any office under any municipal corporation in this State. Where riuail- Art. 155. At the election for the ratification of the fieci electors Constitution, and for officers of the civil government, as required by Congress, all registered electors may vote in any parish where they have resided for ten days next preceding said election, and at any precinct in the parish, upon presen- tation of their certificates of registration, affidavit, or other satisfactory evidence, that they are entitled to vote as regis- tered electors. The registrars Art. 156. The same registrars and commissioners who sioners ap- shall be appointed by the Commanding General of the Fifth pointed for Military District, to superintend the election for the ratifica- the ratitica- . . . ' , ^ . . tion of the tion or rejection of the Constitution, shall, also, at the same to^Kup'erint°e^d ^i™^ ^i^^ place, superintend the election for all officers and tiu> election of i^epresentatives herein ordered; Provided, They be authorized so to act by the Commanding General. And in case the Com- t "-ov so. manding General should not so authorize said registrars and commissioners, the Committee of Seven, appointed by this Convention to take charge of the whole matter of the ratifica- tion of the Constitution and the election of civil officers, shall appoint one registrar for each parish in the State, except the parish of Orleans, and one in each district of "the parish of Orleans, counting Orleans right bank as one district, who shall, each in his parish or district, appoint a sufficient number of commissioners of election to hold the said election for said civil officers and Representatives, at the same time and place, as herein provided for. Art. 157. Returns shall be made in duplicate, sworn to I (.nil and by the commissioners holding the election, and forwarded of' returns. within three days thereafter to the registrars of the parish or district. The registrars shall immediately forward one copy of said returns to the Chairman of the Committee of Seven appointed by this Convention, w^ho shall, within ten days after the last return has been received, make proclamation of th«^ result of said election. Art. 158. All civil officers thus elected shall enter upon clvi^°offl(^ers ^^^ discharge of their duties on the second Monday after the are to enter return of their election shall have been officially promulgated, upon their ,._ , ,. , ■, ^ t, • duties. or as soon as qualmed according to law, and shall continue in office for the terms of their respective offices herein pro- SCTibed, said terms to date from the first Monday in November following the electron. CONSTITUTION OF 1868 16- Art. 15y. The General Assembly, elected under this Constitution, shall hold its first session in the City of New Orleans on the third Monday after the official promulgation aforesaid, and proceed, immediately upon its organization, to vote upon the adoption of the fourteenth amendment to the Constitution of the United States, proposed by Congress, and passed June thirteenth, eighteen hundred and sixty-six; said General Assembly shall not have power to enact any laws relative to the per diem of members, or any other subject, after organization, until said constitutional amendment shall have been acted upon. Art. 160. All registrars and commissioners, appointed under this Constitution, shall, before entering upon their duties, take and subscribe the oath of office prescribed by Congress, approved July second, eighteen hundred and sixty- two, entitled "An Act to prescribe an oath of office;" the said oath of office shall be administered to each registrar by the Chainnan of the Committee of Seven, and to each commis- sioner by the registrar appointing him. Art. 161. All registrars, commissioners, and other officers, necessary to carry into effect the provisions of this ordinance, except as otherwise provided for by the reconstruc- tion acts of Congress, shall be paid out of any funds raised by virtue of the tax ordinance, adopted by the Convention, December twenty-fourth, eighteen hundred and sixty-seven, not otherwise appropriated. JAMES G. TALIAFERRO, President. First sessiou oi ueueral Assembly. Adoption of tue lourteentli Amendment. Kesistrars and commis- sioners. Oath. Payment of registrars, commission- ers and otlier officers. C. C. Antoine, L. W. Baker, S. Belden, A. Bertonneau, W. Jasper Blackburn, O. C. Bl.\ndin, Hy. Bonseigneur, Emile Bonnefoi, Wm. Brown, Dennis Burrel, Wm. Butler, W. R. Crane, R. I. Cromwell, Samuel E. Cuney, A. J. Demarest, Charles Depasseau, P. G. Deslonde, Jos. Deslonde, Aug. Donato, Jr., David Douglas, Gustave Dupart, Ulger Dupart, C. B .H. DuPLEssis, j. b. esnard, Louis Fr.\ncois, Hy. W. Fuller, John Gair, R. G. Gardiner, Leopold Guichard, Peter Harper, John S. Harris, O. H. Hempstead, Jr., W. H. HiESTAND, J. H. Ingraham, R. H. Isabelle, Thos. Isabelle, Geo. H. Jackson, Simon Jones, Geo. Y. Kelso, J. B. Lewis, Richard Lewis, John Lynch, Members of the Conven- tion who signed the Constitution. 1(36 CONSTITUTION OF 1868 James H. Landers, Victor M. Lange, Chas. Leroy, Frederick Marie, Thos. N. Martin, J. A. Massicot, Wm. E. Meadows, Bknj. McLeran, W. L. McMlLLEN, Milton Morris, S. R. Moses, Wm. Murrel, James Mushaway, Theophile Mahier, J. P. Newsham, Jos. C. Oliver, S. B. Packard, John Pierce, P. B. S. PiNCHBACK, Eobert Poindexter, Curtis Pollard, Attest: Geo. W. Eeagan, Daniel H. Eeese, Fortune El^d, D. D. EiGGS, J. H. A. Egberts, L. S. EODRIGUEZ, N. Schwab, Charles Smith, Sosthene L. Snaeb, Hiram E. Steele, Chas. A. Thibaut, Ed. Tinchant, M. H. Twitchell, Napoleon Underwood, P. F. Valfroit, John B. Vandergriff, Michel Vidal, EuFus Waples, G. M. Wickliffe, Henderson Williams, David Wilson. WM. VIGEES, Secretary. New Orleans, La., March 11, 1868. I certify that the foregoing is a correct copy of the Con- stitution as taken from the official records of the Convention. HUGH J. CAMPBELL, Minute Clerh. AMENDMENTS TO THE CONSTITUTION OF 1868. Ratified hy the People of Louisiana at the General Election held on the Seventh Day of Novemher, 1870. Art. 50. Abrogated and stricken out. Art. 99. No person shall hold any office, or shall be permitted to vote at any election, or to act as a juror, who, in due course of law, shaU have been convicted of treason, per- jury, forgery, bribery or other crime punishable by imprison- ment in the Penitentiaiy, or who shall be under interdiction. Art. — . No person who, at any time, may have been a Collector of Taxes, whether State, parish or municipal, or who may have been otherwise intrusted with public money, shall bo eligible to the General Assembly or to any office of profit or trust under the State Government, until he shall have obtained a discharge for the amount of such collections and for all public moneys with which he may have been intrusted. Art. — . Prior to the first day of January, one thousand debt^ "^ ^''''''' eight hundred and ninety, the debt of the State shall not be so increased as to exceed twenty-five millions of dollare. Classes of persons dis- franeliised. Defaulters Inelicible to office. Constitution of 1879, Adopted at New Orleans, July 23, 1879. PREA^IBLE. We, the people of the State of Louisiana, in order to establish justice, insure domestic tranquility, promote the general welfare, and secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity, acknowledg- ing and invoking the guidance of Almighty God, the author of all good government, do ordain and establish this Constitution. BILL OF RIGHTS. Article 1. All government of right originates with the people, is founded on their will alone, and is instituted solely for the good of the whole, deriving its just powers from the consent of the governed. Its only legitimate end is to protect the citizen in the enjoyment of life, liberty and property. When it assumes other functions, it is usurpation and oppression. Art. 2. The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers and effects against unreasonable searches and seizures shall not be violated, and no warrant shall issue except upon probable cause, sup- ported by oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched and the person or things to be seized. Art. 3. A well regulated militia being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be abridged. This shall not prevent the passage of laws to punish those who cany weapons concealed. Art. 4. No laws shall be passed respecting an establishment of religion or prohibiting the free exercise thereof, or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press, or the right of the people peaceably to assemble and petition the government for redress of grievances. Art. 5. There shall be neither slavery nor involuntary servitude in this State, otherwise than for the punishment of crime, whereof the party shall have been duly convicted. Prosecutions shall be by indict- ment or information; provided, that no person shall be held to answer for a capital crime unless on a presentment or indictment by a grand jury, except in cases arising in the militia when in actual service in time of war or public danger, nor shall any person be put twice in jeopardy of 168 CONSTITUTION OP 18Y9. life or liberty for the same offense, except on his own application for a new trial, or where there is a mistrial, or a motion in arrest of judgment is sustained. Art. 6. No person shall be compelled to give evidence against himself in a criminal case or in any proceedings that may subject him to criminal prosecution, except where otherwise provided in this Constitu- tion, nor be deprived of life, liberty or property without due process of law. Art. 7. In all criminal prosecutions the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy public trial by an impartial jury, except that in cases where the penalty is not necessarily imprisonment at hard labor or death the General Assembly may provide for a trial thereof by a jury, less than twelve in number; provided, that the accused in every instance shall be tried in the parish wherein the offense shall have been committed, except in cases of change of venue. Art. 8. In all criminal prosecutions the accused shall enjoy the right to be informed of the nature and cause of the accusation, to be confronted with the witnesses against him, to have compulsory process for obtaining witnesses in his favor, and to defend himself, and to have the assistance of counsel and to have the right to challenge jurors per- emptorily, the number of challenges to be fixed by statute. Art. 9. Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines be imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted. All persons shall be bailable by sufficient sureties, unless for capital offenses, where the proof is evident or the presumption great ; or unless after conviction for any crime or offense punishable with death or imprisonment at hard labor. Art. 10. The privilege of the writ of haheas corpus shall not be suspended, imless when, in case of rebellion or invasion, the public safety may require it. Art. 11. All courts sh'all be open, and every person for injury don-^ him in his rights, lands, goods, person or reputation shall have adequate remedy by due process of law and justice administered without denial or unreasonable delay. Art. 12. The military shall be in subordination to the civil power. Art. 13. This enumeration of rights shall not be construed to deny or impair other rights of the people not herein expressed. DISTRIBUTION OF POWERS. Art. 14. The powers of the government of the State of Louisiana shall be divided into three distinct departments, and each of them to be confided to a separate body of magistracy, to-wit: Those which are legislative to one, those which are executive to another, and those which are judicial tn another. Art. 15. No one of these departments, nor any person or collection of pei-sons holding office in one of them, shall exercise power properly CONSTITUTIOX OF 1879. 160 belonging to either of the other, except in the instances hereinafter expressly directed or permitted. LEGISLATIVE DEPARTMENT. ^ APPORTIONMENT. Art. 16. Representation in the House of Representatives shall be equal and uniform, and shall be regulated and ascertained by the total population. Each parish shall have at least one Representative. The first t-numeration to be made by the State authorities under this Constitution shall be made in the year eighteen hundred and ninety, and subsequent enumerations shall be made every tenth year thereafter, in such manner as shall be prescribed by law, for the purpose of ascertaining the total population and the number of qualified electors in each parish and election district. At its first regular session after each enumeration, the General Assembly shall apportion the representation among the several parishes and election districts on the basis of the total population as aforesaid. A representative number shall be fixed, and each parish and election district shall have as many Representatives as the aggregate number of its population will entitle it to, and an additional Representa- tive for any fraction exceeding one-half the representative number. The number of Representatives shall not be more than ninety-eight, nor less ihan seventy. Art. 17. The General Assembly, in every year in which they shall apportion representation in the House of Representatives, shall divide the State into Senatorial districts. No parish shall be divided in the formation of a Senatorial district, the parish of Orleans excepted. Whenever a new parish shall be created, it shall be attached to the Senatorial district from which most of its territory was taken, or to another contiguous district, at the discretion of the General Assembly, but shall not be attached to more than one district. The number of Senators shall not be more than thirty-six nor less than twenty-four, and they shall be apportioned among the Senatorial districts according to the total population contained in the several districts. j*RT. 18. Until an enumeration shall be made in accordance with articles 16 and 17, the State shall be divided into the followitif? Senatorial districts, with the number of Senators hereinafter designaied to each district : The First Senatorial District shall be composed of the eighth and ninth wards of Orleans, and of the parishes of St. Bernard and Plaque- mines, and shall elect two Senators. The Second District shall be composed of the fourth, fifth, sixth and seventh wards of Orleans, and shall elect two Senators. The Third District shall be composed of the third ward of Orleans, and shall elect one Senator. The Fourth District shall be composed of the second and fiftcentli wards (Orleans right bank) of Orleans, and shall elect one Senator. 170 CONSTITUTION OF 1879. The Fifth District shall be composed of the first and tenth wards of Orleans, and shall elect one Senator. The Sixth District shall be composed of the eleventh, twelfth, thir- teenth, fourteenth, sixteenth and seventeenth wards of Orleans, and shall elect two Senators. The Seventh District shall be composed of the parishes of Jefferson, St. Charles and St. John the Baptist, and shall elect one Senator. The Eighth District shall be composed of the parishes of St. James nnd Ascension, and shall elect one Senator. The Ninth District shall be composed of the parishes of Terrebonne, Lafourche and Assumption, and shall elect two Senators. The Tenth District shall be composed of the parishes of St. Mary, Vermilion, Cameron and Calcasieu, and shall elect two Senators. The Eleventh District shall be composed of the parishes of St. Martin, Iberia and Lafayette, and shall elect one Senator. The Twelfth District shall be composed of the parish of St. Landry, and shall elect two Senators. The Thirteenth District shall be composed of the parishes of Avoyelles and Pointe Coupee, and shall elect one Senator. The fourteenth District shall be composed of the parishes of Iber- ville and West Baton Rouge, and shall elect one Senator. Tlie Fifteenth District shall be composed of the parishes of East and West Feliciana, and shall elect one Senator, The Sixteenth District shall be composed of the parish of East Baton Rouge, and shall elect one Senator. The Seventeenth District shall be composed of the parishes of St. Helena, Livingston, Tangipahoa. Washington and St. Tammany, and shall elect one Senator. The Eighteenth District shall be composed of the parishes of Rapides and Vernon, and shall elect one Senator. The Nineteenth District shall be composed of the parishes of Natchi- toches, Sabine, DeSoto and Red River, and shall elect two Senators. The Twentieth District shall be composed of the parish of Caddo, and shall elect one Senator. The Twenty-first District shall be composed of the parishes of Bossier, Webster, Bienville and Claiborne, and shall elect two Senators. The Twenty-second District shall be composed of the parishes of Union, Morehouse, Lincoln and West Carroll, and shall elect two Senators. The Twenty-third District shall be composed of the parishes of Ouachita, Richland, Caldwell, Franklin and Jackson, and shall elect two Senators. The Twenty-fourth District shall be composed of the parishes of Catahoula, Winn and C.rant, and shall elect one Senator. The Twenty-fifth District shall be composed of the parishes of Eas' Can'oll and Madison, and shall elect one Senator. CONSTITUTION OF 1879. 171 The Twenty-sixth District shall be composed of the parishes of Tensas and Concordia, and shall elect one Senator. Thirty-six (36) Senators in all. And the Kepresentatives shall be apportioned among the parishes and representative districts, as follows: For the parish of Orleans — First Representative District, first ward, one Representative. Second Representative District, second ward, two Representatives. Third Representative District, third ward, three Representatives. Fourth Representative District, fourth ward, one Representative. Fifth Representative District, fifth ward, two Representatives. Sixth Representative District, sixth ward, one Representative. Seventh Representative District, seventh ward, two Representatives. Eighth Representative District, eighth ward, one Representative. Ninth Representative District, ninth ward, two Representatives. Tenth Representative District, tenth ward, two Representatives. Eleventh Representative District, eleventh ward, two Representatives. Twelfth Representative District, twelfth ward, two Representatives. Thirteenth Representative District, thirteenth and fourteenth wards, one Representative. Fourteenth Representative District, sixteenth and seventeenth wards, one Representative. Fifteenth Representative District, fifteenth ward, one Representative. The parishes of Ascension, West Baton Rouge, Bienville, Bossier, Calcasieu, Caldwell, Cameron, East Carroll, West Carroll, Catahoula, Concordia, West Feliciana, Franklin, Grant, Iberia, Jackson, Jefferson, Lafayette, Lincoln, Livingston, Morehouse, Ouachita, Plaquemines, Pointe Coupee, Red River, Richland, Sabine, St. Bernard, St. Charles, St. Helena, St. James, St. John the Baptist, St. Martin, St. Tammany, Tangipahoa, Union, Vermilion, Vernon, Washington, Webster and Winn, each one Representative. The parishes of Assumption, Avoyelles, East Baton Rouge, Caddo, Claiborne, DeSoto, East Feliciana, Iberville, Lafourche, Madison, Natchitoches, Rapides, St. Mary, Tensas, Terrebonne, each two Repre- sentatives. The parish of St. Landry, four Representatives. This apportionment of Senators and Representatives shall not be changed or altered in any manner until after the enumeration shall have been taken by the State in eighteen hundred and ninety, in accordance' with the provisions of articles 16 and 17. GENERAL ASSEMBLY. Art. 19. The legislative power of the State shall be vested in a General Assembly, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Repre- sentatives. 172 CONSTITUTION OF 1879. Art. 20, The style of the laws of this State shall be: Be it enacted by the General Assembly of the State of Louisiana. Art. 21. The General AssemDiy shall meet at the seat of govern- ment on the second Monday of May, 1882, at 12 o'clock noon, and biennially thereafter. Its tirst session under this Constitution may extend to a period of ninety days, but any subsequent session may be limited to a penod of sixty days. Should a vacancy occur in either house, the Governor shall order an election to till such vacancy for the remainder of the term. Art. 22. Every elector under this Constitution shall be eligible to u seat in the House of Representatives, and every 'elector who has reached the age of twenty-five years shall be eligible to the Senate; provided, that no person shall be eligible to the General Assembly unless at the time of his election he has been a citizen of the State for five years and aui actual resident of the district or parish from which he may be elected for two years immediately preceding his election, ihe seat of any member who may change his residence from the district or parish which he repre- sents shall thereby be vacated, any declaration of a retention of domicile to the contrary notwithstanding; and members of the General Assembly shall be elected for a term of four years. Art. 23. Each house shall judge of the qualifications, election and returns of its own members, choose its own officers (except President of the Senate), determine the rules of its proceedings, and may punish its members for disorderly conduct and contempt, and, with the concurrence of two-thirds of all its members elected, expel a member. Art. 24. Either house, during the session, may punish by imprison- ment any person not a member who shall have been guilty of disrespect by disorderly and contemptuous behavior; but such imprisonment shall not exceed ten days for each offense. Art. 25. No Senator or Representative shall, during the term for which he was elected, nor for one year thereafter, be appointed or elected to any civil office of profit under this State which may have been created, or the emoluments of which may have been increased by the General Assembly during the time such Senator or Representative was a member thereof. Art. 2G. The members of the General Assembly shall in all cases, except treason, felony and breach of the peace, be privileged from arrest during their attendance at the sessions of their respective houses, and in going to and returning from the same; and for any speech or debate in either house they shall not be questioned in any other place. Art. 27. The members of the General Assembly shall receive a compensation not to exceed four dollars per day during their attendance, and their actual traveling expenses going to and returning from the seat of government; but in no instance shall more than thirty dollars each way be allowed for traveling expenses. Art. 28. Each house shall keep a journal of its proceedings, and cause the same to be published immediately after the close of tho CONSTITUTION OF 1879. 173 session; when practicable, the minutes of each day's session shall be printed and placed in the hands of members on the day following. The original journal shall be preserved, after publication, in the office of tho Secretary of State, but there shall be required no other record thereof. Art. 29. Every law enacted by the General Assembly shall embrace but one object and that shall be expressed in the title. Art. 30. No law shall be revived or amended by reference to its title, but in such cases the act revived or section as amended shall be re-enacted and published at length. Art. 31. The General Assembly shall never adopt any system or code of laws by general reference to such system or code of laws ; but in all cases shall recite at length the several provisions of the laws it may enact. Art. 32. Not less than a majority of the members of each house of the General Assembly shall form a quorum to transact business, but a smaller number may adjourn from day to day, and shall have power to compel the attendance of absent members. Art. 33. Neither house during "the sitting of the General Assembly shall, without the consent of the other, adjourn for more than three days, nor to any other place than that in which it may be sitting. Art. 34. The yeas and nays on any question in either house shall, at the desire of one-fifth of the members elected, be entered on the journal. Art. 35. All bills for raising revenue or appropriating money shall originate in the House of Representatives, but the Senate may propose or concur in amendments, as in other bills. Art. 36. No bill, ordinance or resolution, intended to have the effect of a law, which shall have been rejected by either house, shall be again proposed in the same house during the same session, under the same or any other title, without the consent of a majority of the house by which the same was rejected. Abt. 37. Every bill shall be read on three different days in each house, and no bill shall be considered for final passage unless it has been read once in full, and the same has been reported on by a committee. Nor shall any bill become a law unless, on its final passage, the vote be taken by yeas and nays, the names of the members voting for or against the same be entered on the journal, and a majority of the members elected to each house be recorded thereon as voting in its favor. ■ Art. 38. No amendments to bills by one house shall be concurred in by the other, except by a vote of a majority of the members elected thereto, taken by yeas and nays, and the names of those voting for or against recorded upon the journal thereof; and reports of committees of conference shall be adopted in either house only by a majority of the members elected thereto, the vote to be taken by yeas and nays, and th*^ names of those voting for or against recorded upon the journal. Art. 39. Whenever a bill that has been passed by both houses ha?' been enrolled and placed in possession of the house in which it originated 1Y4 CONSTITUTION OF 1879. ihe title sliall be read and, at the request of any five members, the bill shall be read in full, when the Speaker of the House of Repre- sentatives or the President of the Senate, as the case may be, shall act at once, sign it in open house, and the fact of signing shall be noted on the journal; thereupon the Clerk or Secretary shall immediately convey the bill to the other house, whose presiding officer shall cause a suspension of all other business to read and sign the bill in open session and without delay; as soon as bills are signed by the Speaker of the House and President of the Senate, they shall be taken at once, and on the same day, to the Governor by the Clerk of the House or Secretary of the Senate. Art. 40. No law passed by the General Assembly, except the general appropriation act, or act appropriating money for the expenses of the General Assembly, shall take effect until promulgated. A law shall be considered promulgated at the place where the State journal is published the day after the publication of such law in the State journal and in all other parts of the State twenty days after such publication. • Art. 41. The clerical officers of the two houses shall be a Secretary of the Senate and Clerk of the House of Representatives, with such assistants as may be necessary; but the expenses for clerks and employees shall not exceed sixty dollars daily for the Senate nor seventy dollars daily for the House. Art. 42. All stationery, printing, paper and fuel used in the legisla- tive and other departments of government shall be furnished, and the printing, binding and distributing of the laws, journals and department reports, and all other printing and binding, and the repairing and fur- nishing the halls and rooms used for the meetings of the General Assembly and its committees, shall be done under contract, to be given to the lowest responsible bidder below such maximum price and under such regulations as shall be prescribed by law; provided, that such contracts shall be awarded only to citizens of the State. No member or officer of any of the departments of the government shall be in any way inter- ested in the contracts; and all such contracts shall be subject to the approval of the Governor, the President of the Senate and Speaker of the House of Representatives, or of any two of them. LIMITATION OF LEGISLATIVE POWERS. Art. 43. No money shall be drawn from the treasury except in pur- suance of specific appropriations made by law; nor shall any appropria- tion of mone.v be made for a longer term than two years. A regular statement and accouni of receipts and expenditures of all public moneys shall be published every three months, in such manner as shall be pre- scribed by law. Art. 44. The General Assembly shall have no power to contract, or to authorize the contracting, of any debt or liability, on behalf of the CONSTITUTION OF 1879. 175 State, or to issue bonds or other evidence of indebtedness thereof, except for the purpose of repelling invasion or for the repression of insurrection. Art. 45. The General Assembly shall have no power to grant, or to authorize any parish or municipal authority to grant, any extra com- pensation, fee or allowance to a public oihcer, agent, servant or con- tractor, nor pay, nor authorize the payment, of any claim against the State, or any parish or municipality of the State, under any agreement or contract made without express authority of law ; and all such unauthorized agreements or contracts shall be null and void. Art. 46. The General Assembly shall not pass any local or special law on the following specified objects: For the opening and conducting of elections, or fixing or changing the place of voting. Changing the names of persons. Changing the venue of civil or criminal cases. Authorizing the laying out, opening, closing, altering or maintaining roads, highways, streets or alleys, or relating to ferries and bridges, or incorporating bridge or ferry companies, except for the erection of bridges crossing streams which form boundaries between this and anj other State. Authorizing the adoption or legitimation of children or the emanci pation of minors. Granting divorces. Changing the law of descent or succession. Affecting the estates of minors or persons under disabilities. Remitting fines, penalties and forfeitures or refunding moneys legally paid into the treasury. Authorizing the construction of street passenger railroads in anj incorporated town or city. Regulating labor, trade, manufacturing or agriculture. Creating corporations, or amending, renewing, extending or explain- ing the charter thereof; provided, that this shall not apply to the cor- poration of the city of New Orleans, or to the organization of levee districts and parishes. Granting to any corporation, association or individual any special or exclusive right, privilege or immunity. Extending the time for the assessment or collection of taxes, or for the relief of any assessor or collector of taxes from the due performance of his official duties, or of his securities from liability; nor shall any such be passed by any political corporation of this State. Regulating the practice or jurisdiction of any court, or changing the rules of evidence in any judicial proceeding or inquiry before courts, or providing or changing methods for the collection of debts or the enforce- ment of judgments, or prescribing the effects of judicial sales. Exemption of property from taxation. Fixing the rate of interest. Concerning any civil or criminal actions. iTn CONSTITUTION OF 1879. « Giving effect to infoniial or invalid wills or deeds, or to any illegal disposition of property. Regulating the management of public schools, the building or repairing of school-houses, and the raising of money for such purposes. Legalizing the unauthorized or invalid acts of any officer, servant, agent of the State, or of any parish or municipality thereof. Art. 47. The General Assembly shall not indirectly enact specia. or local laws by the partial repeal of a general law; but laws repealing local or special laws may be passed. Art. 48. Iso local or special law shall be passed on any subject not enumerated in article 46 of this Constitution, unless notice of the inten tion to apply therefor shall have been publishcvl, without cost to the State, in the locality where the matter or thing to be affected may be situated, which notice shall state the substance of the contemplated law, and shall be published at least thirty days prior to the introduction into the General Assembly of such bill, and in the same m-anncr provided by law for the advertisement of judicial sales. The evidence of such notice having been published shall be exhibited in the General Assembly before such act shall be passed, and every such act shall contain a recital that such notice has been given. Art. 49. No law shall be passed fixirig the price of manual labor. Art. 50. Any member of the General Assembly who has a personal or private interest in any measure or bill proposed or pending before the General Assembly, shall disclose the fact to the house of which he is a member, and shall not vote thereon. Art. 51. No money shall ever be taken from the public treasury, directly or indirectly, in aid of any church, sect or denomination oj- religion, or in aid of any priest, preacher, minister or teacher thereof, PS such, and no preference shall ever be given to, nor any discrimination made against any church, sect or creed, or religion, or any form of religious faith or worship, nor shall any appropriations be made for private, charitable or benevolent purposes to any person or community; provided, this shall not apply to the State asylums for the insane and deaf, dumb and blind, and the charity hospitals and public charitable institutions conducted under State authority. Art. 52. The General Assembly shall have no power to increase the expense of any office by appointing assistant officials. Art. 58. The general ai^propriation bill shall embrace nothing but a'^pronrint'ous for the ordinary expenses of the government, interest on the public debt, public schools and public charities, and such bill shall be fio item'zed as to show for what account each and every appropriation shall be n-ade. All other aopropriations shall be made by separate bills, each embracing bi^t one object. j^RT. 54. Each appropriation shall be for a specific purpose, and no appropriation shall be made under the head or title of contingent; nor shall any officer or depart^rent of gf>vernment receive any amount from the treasury for contingencies or for a contingent fund. CONSTITUTION OF 1879. 177 Art. 55. No appropriation of money shall be made by the General Assembly in the last five days of the session thereof; all appropriations to be valid, shall be passed and receive the signatures of the President of the Senate and Speaker of the House of Representatives five full days before the adjournment sine die of the General Assembly. Art. 56. The funds, credit, property or things of value of the State, or of any political corporation thereof, shall not be loaned, pledged or granted to or for any person or persons, association or corporation, public or private; nor shall the State, or any political corporation, pur- chase or subscribe to the capital or stock of any political corporation or association whatever, or for any private enterprise ; nor shall the State, nor any political corporation thereof, assume the liabilities of any political, municipal, parochial, private or other corporation or association whatsoever; nor shall the State undertake to carry on the business of any such corporation or association, or become a part owner therein; provided, the State, through the General Assembly, shall have power to grant the right of way through its public lands to any railroad or canal. Art. 57. The General Assembly shall have no power to release or extinguish, or to authorize the releasing or extinguishing, in whole or in part, the indebtedness, liability or obligation of any corporation or individual to this State, or to any parish or municipal corporation therein; provided, the heirs to confiscated property may be released of all taxes due thereon at the date of its reversion to them. EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT. Art. 58. The Executive Department shall consist of a Qovernor, Lieutenant Governor, Auditor, Treasurer and Secretary of State. Art. 59. The supreme executive power of the State shall be vested in a chief magistrate, who shall be styled the Governor of Louisiana. He shall hold his office during four years, and, together with the Lieu- tenant Governor, chosen for the same term, shall be elected as follows: The qualified electors for Representatives shall vote for a Governor and Lieutenant Governor at the time and place of voting for Representa- tives. The returns of every election for Governor and Lieutenant Governor shall be sealed up separately from the returns of election of other officer^ and transmitted by the proper officer of every parish to the Secretary of State, who shall deliver them, unopened, to the General Assembly then next to be holden. The members of the General Assembly shall meet on the first Thursday after the day on which they assemble, in the House of Representatives^ to examine and count the votes. The person having the greatest number of votes for Governor shall be declared duly elected; but in case two or more persons shall be equal and highest in the number of votes polled for Governor, one of them shall be immediately chosen Governor by the joint vote of the members of the General Assembly. The person having the greatest number of votes for Lieutenant Governor shaU 178 CONSTITUTION OF 1879. be Lieutenant Governor; but if two or more persons shall be equal and highest in number of votes polled for Lieutenant Governor, one of them shall be immediately chosen Lieutenant Governor by a joint vote of the members of the General Assembly. Art. 60. No person shall be eligible to the office of Governor or Lieutenant Governor who shall not have attained the age of thirty years, been ten years a citizen of the United States, and resident of the State for the same space of time next preceding his election, or who shall be a member of Congress, or shall hold office under the United States at the time of, or within six months immediately preceding the election for such office. Art. 61. The Governor shall enter on the discharge of his duties the first Monday next ensuing the announcement by the General Assembly of the result of the election for Governor, and shall continue in office until the Monday next succeeding the day that his successor shall have been declared duly elected and shall have taken the oath or affirma- tion required by the Constitution. Art. 62. In case of the impeachment of the Governor, his removal from office, death, refusal or inability to qualify, disability, resignation or absence from the State, the powers and duties of the office shall devolve upon the Lieutenant Governor for the residue of the term, or until the Governor, absent or impeached, shall return or be acquitted or the disability be removed. In the event of the removal, impeachment, death, resignation, disability or refusal to qualify of both the Governor oi- Lieutenant Governor, the President pro tempore of the Senate shall act as Governor until the disability be removed or for the residue of the term. Art. 63. The Lieutenant Governor, or officer discharging the duties of Governor, shall, during his administration, receive the same com- pensation to which the Governor would have been entitled had he con- tinued in office. Art. 64. The Lieutenant Governor shall, by virtue of his office, be President of the Senate, but shall have only a casting vote therein. The Senate shall elect one of its members as President pro tempore of the Senate. Art. 65. The Lieutenant Governor shall receive for his services a salary which shall be double that of a member of the General Assembly, and no more. Art. 66. The Governor shall have power to grant reprieves for all offenses against the State, and, except in cases of impeachment or treason, shall, upon the recommendation in writing of the Lieutenant Governor, Attorney General, and presiding judge of the court before which conviction was had, or of any two of them, have power to grant pardons, commute sentences, and remit fines and forfeitures after con- viction. In cases of treason he may grant reprieves until the end of the next session of the General Assembly, in which body the power of par- doning is vested. CONSTITUTION OF 1879. 179 Art. 67. The Governor shall receive a salary of four thousand dollars per annum, payable monthly on his own warrant. Art. 68. He shall nominate, and by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, appoint all officers whose offices are established by this Constitution, and whose appointments or elections are not herein other- wise provided for; provided, however, that the General Assembly shall have the right to prescribe the mode of appointment and election to all offices created by it. Art. 69. The Governor shall have the power to fill vacancies that may happen during the recess of the Senate, in case not otherwise provided for in this Constitution, by granting commissions which shall expire at the end of the next session ; but no person who has been nomin- ated for office and rejected shall be appointed to the same office during the recess of the Senate. The failure of the Governor to send into the Senate the name of any person appointed for office, as herein provided, shall be equivalent to a rejection. Art. 70. He may require information in writing from the officers in the executive department upon any subject relating to the duties of their respective offices. He shall be Commander in Chief of the militia of the State, except when they shall be called into the actual service of the United States. Art. 71. He shall, from time to time, give to the General Assembly information respecting the situation of the State, and recommend to its consideration such measures as he may deem expedient. Art. 72. He shall take care that the laws be faithfully executed, and he may, on extraordinary occasions, convene the General Assembly at the seat of government, or, if that should have become dangerous from an enemy or from an epidemic, at a different place. The power to legislate shall be limited to the objects enumerated specifically in the proclamation convening such extraordinary session ; therein the Governor shall also limit the time such session may continue; provided, it shall not exceed twenty days. Any legislative action had after the time so I'mited, or as to other objects than those enumerated in said proclamation, shall be null and void. Art. 73. Every bill which shall have passed both houses shall be presented to the Governor. If he approve, he shall sign it ; if not, he shall return it, with his objection, to the house in which it originated, which house shall enter the objections at large upon the journal, and proceed to reconsider it. If, after such reconsideration, two-thirds of all the members elected to that house shall agree to pass the bill, it shall be sent, with the objections, to the other house, by which likewise it shall be reconsidered, and if passed by two-thirds of the members elected to that house, it shall be a law; but in such cases the votes of both houses shall be taken by yeas, and nays, and the names of the members voting for and against the bill shall be entered on the journal of each house respectively. If any bill shall not be returned by the Governor within five days after it shall have been presented to him, the same shall be a law in like manner 180 CONSTITUTION OF 1879. as if he had signed it, unless the General Assembly, by adjournment, shall prevent its return, in which case it shall not be a law. Art. 74. The Governor shall have power to disapprove of any item or items of any bill making appropriations of money embracing distinct items, and the part or parts of the bill approved shall be law, and the item or items of appropriation disapproved shall be void unless re-passed according to the rules and limitations prescribed for the passage of other bills over the Executive veto. Art. 75. Everj^ order, resolution or vote to which the concurrence, of both houses may be necessary, except on a question of adjournment, or on matters of parliamentary proceedings, or an address for removal from office, shall be presented to the Governor, and before it shall take effect be approved by him, or, being disapproved, shall be re-passed by two-thirds of the members elected to each house. Art. 76. The Treasurer, Auditor, Attorney General and Secretary of State shall be elected by the qualified electors of the State for the term of four years; and in case of vacancy caused by death, resignation or permanent absence of either of said officers, the Governor shall fill such vacancy by appointment, with the advice and consent of the Senate; provided, however, that notwithstanding such appointment, such vacancy shall be filled by election at the next election after the occurrence of the vacancy. Art. 77. The Auditor of Public Accounts shall receive a salary of two thousand five hundred dollars per annum; the Treasurer shall receive a salary of two thousand dollars per annum, and the Secretary of State shall receive a salary of one thousand eight hundred dollars per annum. Each of the before named officers shall be paid monthly, and no fees or perquisites or other compensation shall be allowed to said officers; provided, that the Secretary of State may be allowed fees as may be provided by law for copies and certificates furnished to private persons. Art. 78. Appropriations for the clerical expenses of the officers named in the preceding article shall specify each item of such appro- priations; and shall not exceed in any one year, for the Treasurer, the sum of two thousand dollars; for the Secretary of State the sum of one thousand five hundred dollars; and for the Auditor of Public Accounts, the sum of four thousand dollars. Art. 79. All commissions shall be in the name and by the authority of the State of Louisiana, and shall be sealed with the State seal, signed by the Governor and countersigned by the Secretary of State. JTmTCTARY DEPARTMENT. Art. 80. The judicial power shall be vested in a Supreme Court, in courts of appeal, in district courts and in justices of the peace. Art. 81. The Supreme Court, except in cases hereinafter provided, shall have appellate jurisdiction only, which jurisdiction shall extend to all cases when the matter in dispute, or the fund to be distributed, whatever may be the amount therein claimed, shall exceed one thousand CONSTITUTION OF 1879. 181 dollars, exclusive of interest to suits for divorce and separation from bed and board, and to all cases in which the constitutionality or legality of any tax, toll or impost whatever, or of any fine, forfeiture or penalty imposed by a municipal corporation shall be in contestation, whatever may be the amount thereof, and in such cases the appeal on the law and the fact shall be directly from the court in which the case originated to the Supreme Court; and to criminal cases on questions of law alone, whenever the punishment of death or imprisonment at hard labor may be inflicted or a fine exceeding three hundred dollars ($300) is actually imposed. Art. 82. The Supreme Court shall be composed of one Chief Justice and four Associate Justices, a majority of whom shall constitute a quorum. The Chief Justice and Associate Justices shall each receive a salary of five thousand dollars ($5000) per annum, payable monthly on their own warrants. They shall be appointed by the Governor, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate. The first Supreme Court to be organized under this Constitution shall be appointed as follows : The Chief Justice for the term of twelve years ; one Associate Justice for the term of ten years; one for the term of eight years; one for the term of six years; one for the tei-m of four years; and the Governor shall desig- nate in the commission of each the term for which such judge is appointed. In case of death, resignation or removal from office of any of said judges the vacancy shall be filled by appointment for the unex- pired term of such judge, and upon the expiration of the term of any such judges the office shall be filled by appointment for a term of twelve years. They shall be citizens of the United States and of the State, over thirty-five years of age, learned in the law, and shall have practiced law in this State for ten years preceding their appointment. Art. 83. The State shall be divided into four Supreme Court Districts, and the Supreme Court shall always be composed of judges appointed from said districts. The parishes of Orleans, St. John the Baptist, St. Charles, St. Bernard, Plaquemines and Jefferson shall com- pose the first district, from which two judges shall be appointed. The parishes of Caddo, Bossier, Webster, Bienville, Claiborne. Union, Lincoln, Jackson, Caldwell, Ouachita, Morehouse, Richland. Franklin, West Carroll, East Carroll, Madison, Tensas and Catahoula shall compose the second district, from which one judge shall be appointed. The parishes of DeSoto, Red River, Winn, Grant, Natchitoches, Sabine, Vernon, Calcasieu, Cameron, Rapides, Avoyelles, Concordia, Pointe Coupee, West Baton Rouge, Iberville, St. Landry, Lafayette and Vermilion, shall compose the third district, from which one judge shall be appointed. And the parishes of St. Martin, Iberia, St. Mary, Terrebonne, Lafourche, Assumption, St. James, Ascension, East Baton Rouge, East Feliciana, West Feliciana, St. Helena, Livingston, Tangipahoa, St. 182 CONSTITUTION OF 1879. Tammany and Washington, shall compose the fourth district, from which one judge shall be appointed. Art. 84. The Supreme Court shall hold its sessions in the city of New Orleans from the first Monday in the month of November to the end of the month of May in each and every year. The General Assembly shall have power to fix the sessions elsewhere during the rest of the year. Until otherwise provided the sessions shall be held as heretofore. They shall appoint their own clerks and remove them at pleasure. Art. 85. No judgment shall be rendered by the Supreme Court without the concurrence of three judges. Whenever three members cannot concur, in consequence of the recusation of any member or members of the court, the judges not recused shall have authority to call on any judge or judges of the district courts, whose duty it shall be, when called upon, to sit in the place of the judge or judges recused, and to aid in the determination of the case. Art. 86. Ail judges, by virtue of their office, shall be conservators of the peace throughout the State. The style of all process shall be, ■ The State of Louisiana." All prosecutions shall be carried on in the name and by the auihority of the State of Louisiana, and conclude: "Against the peace and dignity of the same." Art. 87. The judges of all courts, whenever practicable, shall refer to the law by virtue of which every definite judgment is rendered, but in all cases they shall adduce the reasons on which their judgment is founded. Art. 88. There shall be a reporter of the decisions of the Supreme Court, who shall report in full all cases which he may be required to report by law or by the court. He shall publish in the reports the title, numbers and head notes of all cases decided, whether reported in full or not. In all cases reported in full he shall make a brief statement of the principal points presented and authorities cited by counsel. He shall be appointed by a majority of the court, and hold his office and be removable at their pleasure. His salary shall be fixed by the court, and shall not exceed fifteen hundred dollars per annum, payable monthly on his own warrant. Art. 89. The Supreme Court and each of the judges thereof shall have power to issue writs of habeas corpus at the instance of all persons in actual custody in cases where it may have appellate jurisdiction. Art. 90. The Supreme Court shall have control and general super- vision over all inferior courts. They shall have power to issue writs of Certiorari, prohibition, mandamus, quo warranto and other remedial writs. Art. 91. The General Assembly shall provide for appeals from the district court to the Supreme Court upon questions of law alone, when the party or parties aggrieved desire only a review of the law. Art. 92. Except as herein provided, no duties or functions shall ever be attached by law to the Supreme Court, courts of appeal or CONSTITUTION OF 1879. 18-3 district courts, or the several judges thereof, but such as are judicial, and the said judges are prohibited from receiving any fees of office or other compensation than their salaries for any official duties performed by them. No judicial powers, except as committing magistrates in criminal cases, shall be conferred on any officer other than those mentioned in this title ; except such as may be necessary in towns and cities ; and the judicial powers of such officers shall not extend further than the cogni- zance of cases arising under the police regulations of towns and cities in the State. Art. 93. The judges of all courts shall be liable to impeachment for crimes and misdemeanors. For any reasonable cause the Governor shall remove any of them on the address of two-thirds of the members elected to each house of the General Assembly. In every case the cause or causes for which such removal may be required shall be stated at length in the address, and inserted in the journal of each house. ATTORNEY GENERAL. Art. 94. There shall be an Attorney General for the State, who shall be elected by tlie qualified electors of the State at large every four years. He shall be learned in the law, and shall have actually resided and practiced law as a licensed attorney in the State five years next preceding his election. He shall receive a salary of three thousand dollars per annum, payable monthly on his own warrant. COURTS OF APPEAL. Art. 95. The courts of appeal, except in cases hereinafter provided, shall have appellate jurisdiction only, which jurisdiction shall extend to all cases, civil or probate, when the matter in dispute or the funds to be distributed shall exceed two hundred dollars, exclusive, of interest, and shall not exceed one thousand dollars, exclusive of interest. Art. 96. The courts of appeal shall be composed of two circuit judges, who shall be elected by the two houses of the General Assembly in joint session. The first judges of the courts of appeal under this Con- stitution shall be elected for the following terms: One judge for each court for the term of four years and one judge for the term of eight years. Art. 97. The State, with the exception of the parish of Orleans, shall be divided into five circuits, from each of which two judges shall be elected. Until otherwise provided by law, the parishes of Caddo, Bossier, Webster, Bienville, DeSoto, Red River, Claiborne, Union, Lincoln, Natchitoches, Sabine, Jackson, Winn and Caldwell, shall compose the First Circuit. The parishes of Ouachita, Richland, Morehouse, West Carroll, Cata- houla, Franklin, Madison, East Carroll, Concordia and Tensas, shall com- pose the Second Circuit. The parishes of Rapides, Grant, Avoyelles, St. Landry, Vernon, 184 CONSTITUTION OF 1879. Calcasieu, Cameron, Lafayette, Vermilion, St. Martin and Iberia, shall compose the Third Circuit. The parishes of East Baton Rouge, West Baton Rouge, Iberville, East Felicriana, St. Helena, Tangipahoa, Livingston, St. Tammany, Washington, Pointe Ooupee and West Feliciana, shall compose the Fourth Circuit. And the parishes of St. Mary, Terrebonne, Ascension, Lafourche, Assumption, Plaquemines, St. Bernard, Jefferson, St. Charles, St. John the Baptist and St. James, shall compose the Fifth Circuit. Art. 98. The judges of the courts of appeal, until otherwise pro- vided by law, shall hold two terms annually in each parish composing their respective circuits. Art. 99. Lentil otherwise provided by law, the terms of the circuit courts of appeal shall be as follows: FIRST CIRCUIT. Caddo^First Mondays in January and June. Bossier — Third Mondays in January and June. Webster — First Mondays in February and July. Bienville — Second Mondays in February and July. Claiborne — Third ^rondays in February and July. Union — First Mondays in March and October. Lincoln — Second Mondays in March and October. Jackson — Third I^fondays in March and October. Caldwell— Fourth ^Mondays in ^March and October. Winn — First Mondays in April and November. Natchitoches — Second Mondays in April and November. Sabine — Fourth [Mondays in April and November. DeSoto — First ]\rondays in May and December. Red River — Third Mondays in May and December. SECOND CIRCUIT. Ouachita — First Mondays in January and June. Richland — Fourth Mondays in January and June. Franklin — First Mondays in February and July. Catahoula — Second Mondays in February and July. Concordia — Fourth Mondays in February and July. Tensas — Second Mondays in March and October. !^^adison — Fourth Mondays in March and October. East Carroll — Second Mondays in April and November. West Carroll — Fourth Mondays in April and November. Morehouse — First Mondays in May and December. THIRD CIRCUIT. St. Landry — First Mondays in January and June. Avoyelles — Fourth ^londays in January and June. CONSTITUTION OF 1879. 1S5 Rapides — Second Mondays in February and July. Grant — Fourth Mondays in February and July. Vernon — First Mondays in March and October. Calcasieu — Second Mondays in March and October. Cameron — Fourth Mondays in !March and October. Vermilion — First Mondays in April and November. Lafayette — Second Mondays in April and November. Iberia — Fourth Mondays in April and November. St. Martin — Second Mondays in May and December. FOURTH CIRCUIT. East Baton Rouge — First Mondays in January and June. West Baton Rouge — Fourtli Mondays in January and June. ]^ivingston — First Mondays in February and July. Tangipahoa — Second Mondays in February and July. St. Tammany — I'ourtli Mondays in February and July. Washington — First Mondays in March and October. St. Helena— Second Mondays in March and October. East Feliciana — Fourth Mondays in March and October. West Feliciana — Second Mondays in April and November. Pointe Coupee — Fourth Mondays in April and November. Iberville — Second Mondays in May and December. FIFTH CIRCUIT. St. Mary — First Mondays in January and June. Terrebonne — Third Mondays in January and June. Assumption — First Mondays in February and July. Lafourche— Third Mondays in February and July. St. Charles — First Mondays in March and October. Jefferson — Second Mondays in March and October. St. Bernard — Fourth Mondays in March and October. Plaquemines — First Mondays in April and November. St. John the Baptist— Second Mondays in April and November. St. Janjes — Tliird Mondays in April and November. Ascension — Second Mondays in May and December. Art. 100. Whenever the first day of the term shall fall on a legal holiday, the court shall begin its sessions on the first legal day there- cfter. Art. 101. Whenever the judges composing the courts of appeal sl.all concur, theii judgment shall be final. Whenever there shall be a disagreement, the judgment appealed from shall stand affirmed. Art. 102. All causes on appeal to the courts of appeal shall be tried on the original record, pleadings and evidence in the district court. Art. 103. The rules of practice regulating appeals to and proceed- 186 CONSTITUTION OF 18T9. ings in the Supreme Court shall apply to appeals and proceedings in the courts of appeal, so far as they may be applicable, until otherwise pro- vided by law. Aet. 104. The judges of the courts of appeal shall have power to issue writs of habeas corpus at the instance of all persons in actual custody, within their respective circuits. They shall also have authority to issue writs of manda'rmus, prohibition, and certiorari, in aid of their appellate jurisdiction. Art. 105. The judges of courts of appeal shall each receive a salary of four thousand dollars per annum, payable monthly on their respective warrants. The General Assembly shall provide by law for the trial of recused cases in the courts of appeal. Art. 106. The sheriff of the parish in which the sessions of the court are held shall attend in person, or by deputy, to execute the orders, of the court. DISTRICT COURTS. Art. 107. The State shall be divided into not less than twenty nor more than thirty judicial districts, the parish of Orleans excepted. . Art. 108. Until otherwise provided by law, there shall be twenty-six districts. The parish of Caddo shall compose the First District. The parishes of Bossier, Webster and Bienville shall compose the Second District. The parishes ol Claiborne, Union and Lincoln shall compose the Third District. The parishes of Jackson, Winn and Caldwell shall compose the Fourth District. The parishes of Ouachita and Richland shall compose the Fifth District. The parishes of Morehouse and West Carroll shall compose the Sixth District. The parishes of Catahoula and Franklin shall compose the Seventh District. The parishes of Madison and East Carroll shall compose the Eighth District. The parishes of Concordia and Tensas shall compose the Ninth District. Tlie parishes of DeSoto and Red River shall compose the Tenth District. The parishes of Natchitoches and Sabine shall compose the Eleventh District. The parishes of Rapides, Grant and Avoyelles shall compose the Twelfth District. The parish of St. Landry shall compose the Thirteenth District. CONSTITUTION OF 1879. 187 The parishes of Vernon, Calcasieu and Cameron shall compose the Fourteenth District. The parishes of Pointe Coupee and West Feliciana shall compose the Fifteenth District. The parishes of East Feliciana and St. Helena shall compose the Sixteenth District. The parish of East Baton Rouge shall compose the Seventeenth District. The parishes of Tangipahoa, Livingston, St. Tammany and Wash- .'ngton shall compose the Eighteenth District. The parishes of St. Mary and Terrebonne shall compose the Nine- teenth District. The parishes of Lafourche and Assumption shall compose the Twen- tieth District. The parishes of St. llartin and Iberia shall compose the Twenty- first District. The parishes of Ascension and St. James shall compose the Twenty- second' District. The parishes of West Baton Rouge and Iberville shall compose the Twenty-third District. The parishes of Plaquemines and St. Bernard shall compose the Twenty-fourth District. The parishes of Lafayette and Vermilion shall compose the Twenty- fifth District. And the parishes of Jefferson, St. Charles and St. John the Baptist shall compose the Twenty-sixth District. Art. 109. District courts shall have original jurisdiction in all civil matters where the amount in dispute shall exceed fifty dollars, exclusive of interest. They shall have unlimited original jurisdiction in all criminal, probate and succession matters, and when a succession is a party defendant. The district judges shall be elected by a plurality of the qualified voters of their respective districts in which they shall have been actual residents for two years nex" preceding their election. They shall be learned in the law, and shall have practiced law in the Scate for five years previous to their election. They shall be elected for the term of four years. All elections to fill vacancies occasioned by death, resignation or removal shall be for the unexpired term, and the Governor shall fill the vacancy until an election can be held. The judn-es of the district courts shall each receive a salary of three thousand dollars per annum, payable monthly on their respective warrants. Art. 110. The General Assembly shall have power to increase the number of district judges in any district whenever the public business may require. 188 CONSTITUTION OF 1879. Art. 111. The district courts shall have jurisdiction of appeals from justices of the peace in all matters where the amount in controversy shall exceed ten dollars, exclusive of interest. Art. 112. The General Assembly shall provide by law for the trial of recused cases in the district courts by the selection of licensed attorneys-at-law, by an interchange of judges or otherwise. Art. 113. Whenever in this Constitution the qualification of any justice or judge shall be the previous practice of the law for a term of years, there shall be included in such term the time such justice or judge shall have occupied the bencli of any court of any record in this State; provided, he shall have been a licensed attorney for five years before his election or appointment. Art. 114. No judge of any court of the State shall be affected in his term of office, salary or jurisdiction as to territory or amount during the term or period for which he was elected or appointed. Any legisla- tion so afl'ecting any judge or court shall take effect only at the end of the term of office of the judge or judges incumbents of the court or courts to which such legislation may apply at the time of its enactment. This article shall not affect the provisions of this Constitution relative to impeachment or removal from office. Art. 115. The district judges shall have power to issue writs of habeas corpus at the instance of all persons in actual custody in their respective districts. Art. 116. The General Assembly at its first session under this Constitution shall provide by general law for the selection of competent and intelligent jurors, who shall have capacity to serve as grand jurors and try and determine both civil and criminal cases, and may provide in civil cases that a verdict be rendered by the concurrence of a less number than the whole. Art. 117. In those districts composed of one parish there shall not be less than six terms of the District Court each year. In all other districts there shall be in each parish not less than four terms of the District Court each year, except in the parish of Cameron, in which there shall not be less than two terms of the District Court each year. Until provided by law, the terms of the District Court in each parish shall be fixed by a rule of said court, which shall not be changed without notice by publication at least thirty days prior to such change. There shall be in each parish not less than two jury terms each year at which a grand jury shall be impaneled, except in the parish of Cameron, in which tliere shall not be less than one jury term each year at which a grand jui*y shall be impaneled. At other jury terms the General Assembly shall provide for special juries when nece.ssary for the trial of criminal cases. CONSTITUTION OF 1879. 189 SHEEIFFS AND CORONERS. Art. 118. There shall be a sheriff and coroner elected by the qualified voters of each parish in the State, except the parish of Orleans, who shall be elected at the general elections and hold office for four years. The coroner shall act for and in place of the sheriff whenever the sheriff shall be a party interested, and whenever there shall be a vacancy in the office of sheriff', until such vacancy shall be filled ; but he shall not during such vacancy discharge the duties of tax collector. The sheriff, except in the parish of Orleans, shall be ex-officio collector of State and parish taxes. He shall give separate bonds for the faithful performance of his duty in each capacity. Until otherwise provided, the bonds shall be given according to existing laws. The General Assembly, after the adoption of this Constitution, shall pass a general law regulating the amount, form, condition and mode of approval of such bonds, so as to fully secure the State and parish and all parties in interest. Sheriffs elected at the fi'st election under this Constitution shall comply with the provisions of such law within thirty days after its promulgation, in default of which the office shall be declared vacant, and the Governor shall appoint for the remainder of the temi. Art. 119. Sheriffs shall receive compensation from the parish for their services in criminal matters (the keeping of prisoners, conveying convicts to the Penitentiary, insane persons to the Insane Asylum, and service of process from another parish, and service of process or the performance of any duty beyond the limits of his own parish excepted), not to exceed five hundred dollars per annum for each Representative the parish may have in the House of Representatives. The compensation of sheriffs as tax collectors shall not exceed five per cent, on the amount collected and paid over; provided, that he shall not be discharged as tax collector until he makes proof that he ihas exhausted the legal remedies to collect the taxes. Art. 120.. The coroner in each parish shall be a doctor of medicine, regularly licensed to practice, and ex-officio parish physician ; provided, this article shall not apply to any parish in which there is no regularly licensed physician who will accept the office. CLERKS. Art. 121. There shall be a clerk of the district court in each parish, the parish of Orleans excepted, who shall be ex-officio clerk of the Court of Appeal, He shall be elected by the qualified electors of the parish every four years, and shall be ex-officio parish recorder of conveyances, mortgages and other acts, and notary public. 190 CONSTITUTION OF 1879. He shall receive no compensation for his services from the State or the parish in criminal matters. lie shall give bond and security for the faithful performance of hi? duties in such amount as shall be fixed by the General Assembly. Art. 122. The General Assembly shall have power to vest in clerks of courts authority to grant such o 'ders and to do such acts as may be deemed necessaiy for the furtherance of the administration of justice; and in all cases powers thus vested shall be specified and determined. Art. 123. Clerks of district courts may appoint, with the approval of the district judge, deputies, with such powers as shall be prescribed by law; and the General Assembly shall have power to provide for contin- uing one or more of them in office in the event of the death of the clerk until his successor shall have been appointed and duly qualified. DISTRICT ATTORNEYS. Art. 124. There shall be a district attorney for each judicial district in the State, who shall be elected by the qualified electors of the judicial district. He shall receive a salary of one thousand dollars per annum, payable monthly on his own warrant, and shall hold office for four years. He shall be an actual resident of the district and a licensed attomey- at-law in this State. He shall also receive fees; but no fees shall be allowed in criminal cases, except on conviction. Any vacancy in the office of district attorney shall be filled by ap- pointment by the Governor for the unexpired term. There shall be no parish attorney or district attorney pro tempore. (This article shall not apply to the Parish of Orleans.) JUSTICES OF PEACE. Art. 125. In each parish, the parish of Orleans excepted, there shall be as many justices of the peace as may be provided by law. The present number of justices of the peace shall remain as now fixed until otherwise provided. '1 hey shall be elected for the term of four years by the qualified voters within the territorial limits of their jurisdiction. They sh;i]] have exclusive original jurisdiction in all civil matters when the matter in dispute shall not exceed fifty dollars, exclusive of in- terest, and original jurisdiction concurrent with the district court, when the amount in dispute shall exceed fifty dollars, exclusive of interest, and shall not exceed one hundred dollars, exclusive of interest. They shall have no jurisdiction in succession or probate matters, or when a succession is a defendant. They shall receive such fees or salary as may be fixed by law. Art. 126. They shall have criminal jurisdiction as committing mag- istrates, and shall havo power to bail or discharge in cases not capital or necessarily punishable at hard labor. CONSTITUTION OF 1879. 191 CONSTABLES. Art. 127. There shall be a constable for the court of each justice of the peace in the several parishes of the State, the parish of Orleans ex- cepted, who shall be elected for the term of four years by the qualified voters within the territor'al lir:~its of the jurisdiction of the several jus- tices of the peace. The compensation, salaries or fees of constables and the amount of their bonds shall be fixed by the General Assembly. COURTS OF THE PARISH AND CITY OF NEW ORLEANS. Art. 128. There shall be in the parish of Orleans a court of appeals for said parish, with exclusive appellate jurisdiction in all matters, civil or probate, arising in said parish, when the amount in dispute or fund to be distributed exceeds two hundred dollars, interest excluded, and is less than one thousand dollars, exclusive of interest. Said court shall be presided over by two judges who shall be elected by the General As- sembly in joint session; they shall be residents and voters of the City of New Orleans, possessing all the qualifications necessary for judges of Circuit Court of Appeals throughout the State. They shall each re- ceive an annual salary of four thousand dollars, payable monthly upon their respective warrants. Said appeals shall be upon questions of law alone in all eases involv- ing less than five hundred dollars, exclusive of interest, and upon the law and the facts in other cases. It shall sit in the City of New Orleans from the first Monday of No- vember to the last Monday of June of each year. It shall have authority to issue writs of mandamus, prohibition, cer- tiorari and habeas corpuj in aid of its appellate jurisdiction. Art. 129. The provisions of this Constitution relating to the terra of office, qualifications and salary of the judges of the Circuit Courts of Appeal throughout the State, and the manner of proceeding and determining causes as applicable to such Circuit Court of Appeals, shall apply to this court and its judges, in so far as such provisions are not in conflict with the provisions specially relating to said court and its judges. Said Court of Appeals shall have jurisdiction of all causes now I>ending on appeal from the parish of Orleans before the Supreme Court of the State, where the amount in dispute or fund to be distributed is less than one thousand dollars, exclusive of interest, and the Supreme Court shall at once transfer said causes to the Court of Appeals. Art. 130. For the parish of Orleans there shall be two district courts, and no more. One of said courts shall be known as the Civil District Court for the parish of Orleans, and the other as the Criminal District Court for the parish of Orleans. The former shall consist of not less than five judges, and the latter not less than two judges, having the qualifications prescribed for district judges throughout the State. The said judges shall be appointed by the Governor, by and with the advice 192 CONSTITUTION OF 1879. and consent of the Senate, for the term of eight years. The first appoint- ments shall be made as follows: Three judges of the Civil District Dis- trict Court for four years and two for eight years; one Judge of the Criminal District Court for four years and one for eight years, the terms to be designated in their commissions. The said judges shall receive each four thousand dollars per annum. Said Civil District Court shall have exclusive and general probate and exclusive civil jurisdiction in all causes where the amount in dispute or to be distributed exceeds one hundred dollars, exclusive of interests. All causes filed in said court shall be equally allotted and assigned among said judges in accordance with rules of court to be adopted for that pur- pose. In case of recusaton of any judge in any cause, such cause shall be reassigned to some other judge. In case of vacancy there shall be a reassignment, in accordance with rules of couii;. Previous to reassign- ment, or in case of absence from the parish, sickness or other disability of the judge to whom any cause may have been assigned, any judge of said court may issue or grant conservatory writs or orders. In other respects each judge shall have exclusive control over every cause assigned to him from its inception to its final determination in said court. The Criminal District Court shall have general criminal jurisdiction only. All prosecutions instituted in said court shall be equally apportioned between said judges by lot. Each judge or his successor shall have exclu- sive control over everj- cause falling to him from its inception to its final determination in said court. In case of vacancy or recusation, causes assigned shall be reassigned under order of court. Art. 131. The General Assembly may increase the number of judges of the Civil District Court, not, however, to exceed nine judges, and the number of the criminal judges, not to exceed three. Art. 132. The Court of Appeals and the Civil and Criminal Dis- trict Courts for the parish of Orleans shall respectively regulate the order of preference and trial of causes pending^ and adopt other rules to govern the proceedings therein not in conflict with the provisions of law. Art. 133. The Civil District Court for the parish of Orleans shall select a solvent, incorporated bank of the- city of New Orleans as a judicial depository. Therein shall be deposited all moneys, notes, bonds and securites (except such notes or documents as may be filed with suits or evidence, which shall be kept by the clerk of the court), so soon as the same shall come into the hands of any sheriff or clerk of court; such deposits shall be removable, in whole or in part, only upon order of court. The officer making such deposits shall make immediate and writ- ten return to the court of the date and particulars thereof, to be filed in the cause in which the matter is pendiitg, under penalties to be pre- scribed by law. A.RT. 134. There shall be a district attorney for the parish of Orleans, who shall possess the same qualifications and be elected in the same manner and for the same period of time as the district attorneys for other parishes, as provided by this Constitution. CONSTITUTION OP 1879. 193 He shall receive a salary of one thousand dollars per annum and such fees as may be allowed by law; but no fee shall be allowed in crimi- nal cases cases except on conviction. He may appoint an assistant at a salary not to exceed fifteen hundred dollars per annum. Art. 135. There shall be in the city of iSI^ew Orleans three city courts, one of which shall be located in that portion of the city on the right bank of the Mississippi river, presided over by judges having all the qualifications required for a district judge, and shall be elected by the qualified voters of the parish for the term of four years. They shall have exclusive and final jurisdiction over all sums not exceeding one hun- dred dollars, exclusive of interest. The General Assembly shall regulate the salaries, territorial division of jurisdiction, the manner of executing their process, the fee bill and proceedings which shall govern them. They shall have authority to execute commissions, to take testimony and receive therefor such fees as may be allowed by law. The General Assembly may increase the number of city courts for said parish, not to exceed eight in all. Until otherwise provided by law, each of said courts shall have one clerk, to be elected for the term of four years by the qualified voters of this parish, who shall receive a salary of twelve hundred dollars per aniium, and no more, and whose qualifications, bond and duties shall be regulated by law. Art. 136. The General Assembly may provide for police or magis- trates' courts; but such courts shall not be vested with jurisdction beyond the enforcement of municipal ordinances or as committing magistrates. Art. 137. There shall be one clerk for the Civil District Court and one for the Criminal District Court of the parish of Orleans. The for- mer shall be ex-officio clerk of the Court of Appeals of said parish. Said clerks shall be removable in the manner provided for the removal of sheriffs of said parish. The clerk of said Civil District Court shall receive an annual salary of three thousand six hundred dollars, and no more; and the clerk of the Criminal Court an annual salary of three thousand dollars, and no more, both payable quarterly on their warrants. They shall be elected by the qualified voters of the parish for the term of four years. The amount and character of the bonds and qualification of the sureties to be furnished by said clerks shall be prescribed by law. Art. 138. The Court of Appeals and one judge of the Civil and Criminal District Court of the parish of Orleans shall appoint a minute clerk at an annual salary of not more than eighteen hundred dollars, whose duties shall be regulated by law. Each clerk of the court shall appoint, by and with the consent of the district court of which he is a clerk, such deputies as may be necessary to perform efficiently the duties of said office, at salaries to be fixed by law. He shall be responsible for the said deputies, and may require from each such security as he may deem sufficient to secure himself; and said deputies shall l>e removable at his pleasure. 194 CONSTITUTION OF 1879. Art. 139. There shall be a civil and a criminal sheriff for the parish of Orleans. The civil sheriff shall be the executive officer of all civil courts, except city courts, and the criminal sheriff shall be the executive officer of the Criminal District Court. They shall attend the sittings, execute the writs and mandates of their respective courts. They shall be elected by the voters of the parish of Orleans every four years. They shall be citizens of the State, residents and voters of the city of New Orleans, at least twenty-five years of age, and shall be removable each by the Disti'ict Court of which he is the executive officer, upon proof after trial, without jury, of gross or con- tinued neglect, incompetency or unlawful conduct, operating injury to court or any individual. The two district courts for the parish of Orleans shall immediately upon organization under this Constitution, in joint session, adopt rules governing the lodging of complaints against and trial of such officers; and such rules once adopted shall not be changed except by the unanimous consent of all the judges composing said courts. Art. 140. The civil sheriff of the parish of Orleans shall receive such fees as the General Assembly may fix. He shall render monthly accoimts, giving amounts and dates, number and title of causes wherein received or paid out, of all sums collected and disbursed by him, which shall be filed in the Civil District Court of said parish and form a part of its public records. He shall be responsible to the State for all profits of said office over ten thousand dollars per annum and shall settle with the State at least once a year in such manner as the General Assembly may provide. The criminal sheriff shall receive an annual salary of thirty-six hundred dollars, and no more. He shall receive no other compensation. He shall charge and collect for the State from parties convicted such fees and charges as may be fixed by law, and shall render monthly accounts of the same. Art. 141. Said sheriffs shall appoint, each with the consent and approval of the District Court which he serves, such a number of deputies as the said court may find necessary for the proper expedition of the public business, at such salaries as may be fixed by law. Each sheriff shall be responsible for his deputies, may remove them at pleasure? and fill vacancies with the approval of the court, and may exact from all deputies security in such manner and amount as such sheriff may deem necessary. Art. 142. The civil sheriff of said parish shall execute a bond with sureties, residents of said parish, conditioned for the lawful and faithful performance of the duties of his office, in the sum of fifty thousand dollars. The sureties shall be examined in open court by the judges of the Civil District Court for the parish of Orleans, and the questions and answers shall bo reduced to writing and form a portion of the records of said court. A similar bond shall be executed by the criminal sheriff of said CONSTITUTION OF 1879. 195 parish in the sum of ten thousand dollars, with sureties to be examined and approved as to solvency by the Criminal District Court of said parish, as herein directed for the Civil District Court of said parish in the case of the civil sheriff. Art. 143. There shall be one constable for each city court of the parish of Orleans, who shall be executive officer of such court. He shall be elected by the qualified voters of the parish of Orleans for the term of four years. The General Assembly shall define his qualifications and fix his compensation and duties, and shall assimilate the same so far aa practicable to the provisions of this Constitution relating to the civil sheriff of said parish. The judges of the city courts shall sit en banc to examine such bonds, try and remove constables and adopt rules regulatinij such trial and removal. They shall in such proceedings be governed so far as practicable by the provisions of this Constitution regulating the proceedings of the district courts of the parish of Orleans in the case of the sheriffs of said parish. Art. 144. There shall le a register of conveyances and a recorder of mortgages for the parish of Orleans, who shall be elected by the qualified voters of said parish every four years. The register of con- veyances shall receive an annual salary of twenty-five hundred dollars, and no more, and said recorder of mortgages, an annual salary of four thousand dollars, and no more. The General Assembly shall regulate the qualifications and duties of said officers and the number of employees they shall appoint, and fix the salaries of such employees, not to exceed eight- een hundred dollars for each. Art. 145. The General Assembly, at its first session after the adoption of this Constitution, shall enact a fee-bill for the clerks of the various courts, including the city courts, sitting in New Orleans, and for the civil and criminal sheriffs, cons*^ables, register of conveyances and recorder of mortgages of said parish. In the same act provision shall be made for a system of stamps or stamped paper for the collection by the State, and not by said officers, of such fees and- charges, so far as clerks of courts, register of conveyances and recorder of mortgages are con- cerned. Art. 146. All fees and charges fixed by law for the various courts of the parish of Orleans, and for the register of conveyances and recorder of mortgages of said parish shall enure to the State, and all sums realized therefrom shall be set aside and held as a special fund, out of which shall be paid by preference the judicial expenses of the parish of Orleans; provided, that the State shall neve- make any payment to any sheriff, clerk, register of conveyances or recorder of mortgages of the parish of Orleans, or any of their deputies, for salary or other expenses of their respective offices, except from the special fund provided for by this article, and any appropriation made contrary to this provision shall be null and void. Art. 147. There shall be one coroner for the parish of Orleans, who shall be elected every four years by the qualified electors of said parish. 196 CONSTITUTION OF 1879. and whose duties sliall be regulated by law. He shall be ex-officio city phyriiclan of the city of New Orleans, and receive an annual salary of five thousand dollars, and no more. He shall be a practicing physician o£ said city, and a graduate of the medical department of some university of respectable standing. He may appoint an assistant having the same qualifications as himself, at an annual salary not exceeding three thousand dollars. The salaries of both coroner and assistant to be paid by the parish of Orleans. The maintenance and support of prisoners confined in the parish of Orleans, upon charges or conviction for criminal offenses shall be under the control of the city of New Orleans. GENERAL PROVISIONS. Art. 148. No person shall hold any office, State, parochial or muni- cipal, or shall be permitted to vote at any election or act as a juror, who, in due course of law, shall have been convicted of treason, perjury, forgery, bribery or other crime punishable by imprisonment in the penitentiary, or who shall be under interdiction. / RT. 149. Members of the General Assembly and all officers, before they enter upon the duties of their office, shall take the following oath or affirmation : "I (A. B.) do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will support the Constitution and laws of the United States and the Constitution and laws of this State; and that I will faithfully and impartially discharge and perform all the duties incumbent upon me as according to the best of mv abilitv and understanding. So help me God." Art. 150. The seat of government shall be and remain at the city of Baton Rouge. The General Assembly, at its first session after the adoption of this Constitution, shall make the necessary appropriations for the repair of the State House and for the transfer of the archives of the State to Baton Rouge; and the city council of Baton Rouge is hereby authorized to issue certificates of indebtedness, in such manner and form as to cover the subscription of thirty-five thousand dollars, tendered by the citizens and city council of said city to aid in repairing the capifol in said city; provided, the city of Baton Rouge shall pay into the State Treasury said amount of thirty-five thousand dollars before the contract for the repairs of the State House be finally closed. Art. 151. Treason against the State shall consist only in levying war against it, or adhering to its enemies, giving them aid and comfort. No person shall be convicted of treason except on the testimony of two witnesses to the same overt act, or on his confession in open court. Art. 152. All civil officers shall be removable by an address of two- thirds of the members elected to each house of the General Assembly, except those whose removal is otherwise provided for by this Constitu- tion. CONSTITUTION OF 1879. 197 Art. 153. No member of Congress nor person holding or exercising any office of trust or profit under the United States or either of them, or under any foreign power, shall be eligible as a member of the General Assembly, or hold or exercise any office of trust or profit under the State. Art. 154. The laws, public records and the judicial and legislative written proceedings of the State shall be promulgated, preserved and conducted in the English language, but the General Assembly may provide for the publication of the laws in the French language, and prescribe that judicial advertisements in certain designated cities and parishes shall also be made in that language. Art. 155. No expost facto law, nor any law impairing the obliga- tions of contracts, shall be passed, nor vested rights be divested, unless for purposes of public utility and for adequate compensation previously made. Art. 156. Private property shall not be taken nor damaged for public purposes without just and adequate compensation being first paid. Art. 157. No power of suspending the laws of this State shall h'i exercised unless by the General Assembly or its authority. Art. 158. The General Assembly shall provide by law for change of venue in civil and criminal cases. Art. 159. No person shall hold or exercise, at the same time, more tJian one office of trust or profit, except that of justice of the peace or notary public. Art. 160. The General Assembly may determine the mode of filling vacancies in all offices for which provision is not made in this Consti- tution. Art. 161. All officers shall continue to discharge the duties of thei*" office until their successors shall have been inducted into office, except in cases of impeachment or suspension. Art. 162. The military shall be in subordination to the civil power, and no soldier shall, in time of peace, be quartered in any house without the consent of its owner. Art. 163. The General Assembly shall make it obligatory upon each parish to support all infirm, sick and disabled paupers residing within its limits; provided, that in every municipal corporation In a parish where the powers of the police jury do not extend, the said corporation shall support its own infirm, sick and disabled paupers. Art. 164. No soldier, sailor or marine in military or naval service of the United States shall hereafter acquire a domicile in this State by reason of being stationed or doing duty in the same. Art. 165. It shall be the duty of the General Assembly to pass such laws as may be proper and necessary to decide differences by arbitration. Art. 166. The power of the courts to punish for contempt shall be limited by law. Art. 167. The General Assembly shall have authority to grant lottery charters or privileges; provided, each chaiier or privilege shall 198 CONSTITUTION OF 1879. pay not less thau forty thousand dollars per annum in money into tin treasury of the State; and provided further, that all charters shall cease and expire on the first of January, 1895, from which time all lotteries are prohibited in the State. The forty thousand dollars per annum now provided by law to be paid by the Louisiana State Lottery Company, according to the pro- visions of its charter, granted in the year 18G8, shall belong to the Charity Hospital of New Orleans, and the charter of said company is recognized as a contract binding on the State for the period therein specified, except its monopoly clause, which is hereby abrogated, and all laws contrary to the provisions of this article are hereby declared null and void; provided, said company shall file a written renunciation of all its monopoly features in the office of the Secretary of State within sixty days after the ratification of this Constitution. Of the additional sums raised by licenses on lotteries, the hospital at Shreveport shall receive ten thousand dollars annually, and the remaining sum shall be divided each year among the several parishes in the State for the benefit of their schools. Art. 168. In all proceedings for indictments and libel, the truth thereof may be given in evidence. The jury in all criminal cases shall be the judges of the law and the facts on the question of guilt or inno- cence, having been charged as to the law applicable to the case by the Ijresiding judge. Art. 169. No officer whose salary is fixed by the Constitution shall be allowed any fees or perquisites of office, except where otherwise pro- vided for by this Constitution. Art. 170. The regulation of the sale of alcoholic or spirituous liquors is declared a police regulation, and the General Assembly may enact laws regulating their sale and use. Art. 171. No person who, at any time, may have been a collector of taxes, whether State, parish or municipal, or who may have been other- wise intrusted with public money or any portion thereof, shall be eligible to the General Assembly or to any office of honor, profit or trust under the State government, or any parish or municipality thereof, until he shall have obtained a discharge for the amount of such collections and for all public moneys with which he may have been intrusted. Art. 172. Gambling is declared to be a vice, and the General Assembly shall enact laws for its suppression. Art. 173. Any person who shall directly or indirectly offer or give any sum or sums of money, bribe, present, reward, promise or any other thing to any officer. State, parochial or municipal, or to any member oi officer of the General Assembly, with the intent to induce or influence such officer or metr.ber of the General Assembly to appoint any person to office, to vote or exercise any power in him vested, or to perform any duty of him required, with partiality or favor, the person giving, or offering to give, or the officer or member of the General Assembly so receiving any money, bribe, present, reward, promise, contract, obligation CONSTITUTION OF 1879. 199 or security, with the intent or for the purpose or consideration aforesaid, shall be guilty of bribery, and on being found guilty thereof by any court of competent jurisdiction, or by either house of the General Assembly of which he may be a member or officer, shall be forever dia qualified from holding any office, State, parochial or municipal, and shall be forever ineligible to a seat in the General Assembly; provided, thas this shall not be construed as to prevent the General Assembly from enacting additional penalties. Art. 174. Any person may be compelled to testify in any lawful proceeding against any one who may be charged with having committed the oilense of bribery, and shall not be permitted to withhold his testi- mony upon the ground that it may criminate him or subject him to public infamy; but such testimony shall not afterwards be used against him in any judicial proceedings, except for perjury in giving such testi- mony. Art. 175. The General Assembly shall, at its first session, pass laws to protect laborers on buildings, streets, roads, railroads, canals and other similar works, against the failure of contractors and sub-contractors to pay their current wages when due, and to make the corporation, com- pany or individual for whose benefit the work is done, responsible for their ultimate payment. Art. 176. No mortgage or privilege on immovable property shall affect third persons, unless recorded or registered in the parish where the property is situated, in the manner and within the time as is now or may be prescribed by law, except privileges for expenses of last illness, and Ijrivileges for taxes, State, parish or municipal; provided, such privileges shall lapse in three years. Art. 177. Privileges on movable property shall exist without regis- tration for the same, except in such cases as the General Assembly may prescribe by law, after the adoption of this Constitution. Art. 178. The General Assembly shall provide for the interest of State medicine in all its departments ; for the protection of the people from unqualified practitioners of medicine; for protecting confidential communications made to medical men by their patients while under pro- fessional treatment, and for the purpose of such treatment; for the establishment and maintenance of a State Board of Health. Art. 179. The General Assembly shall create a Bureau of Agri- culture, define its objects, designate its officers and fix their salaries, at such time as the financial condition of the State may warrant them, in their judgment, in making such expenditures; provided, that such expenditures never exceed ten thousand dollars per annum. THE NEW CANAL SHELL ROAD. Art. 180. The New Basin Canal and Shell Road, and their appur- tenances, shall not be leased or alienated. The General Assembly, at its first session after the ratification of this Constitution, shall provide by law for a superintendent, to be 200 CONSTITUTION OP 1879. appointed by the Governor upon the recommendation of the captains and owners of vessels plying in, and of merchants doing business on, said canal, to manage the same, and shall enact laws for the regulation, maintenance and management of said canal and shell road; provided, dues shall not exceed ten cents per ton on the measurement tonnage of all vessels entering therein. The depth of water in the canal basin, and on the bar at the mouth, shall be kept at the depth of at least eight feet ; provided, that all expenses of improving and maintaining said canal, shell road and appurtenances, including the wages and salaries of employees, shall be paid out of the revenues thereof, and not otherwise. MILITIA. Ajrt. 181. The General Assembly shall have authority to provide by law how the militia of this State shall be organized, officered, trained, armed and equipped, and of whom it shall consist. Art. 182. The officers and men of the militia and volunteer forces shall receive no pay, rations and emoluments when not in active service by authority of the State. Akt. 183. The General Assembly may exempt from military services those who belong to religious societies whose tenets forbid them to bear arms; provided, a money equivalent for these services shall be exacted. The Governor shall have power to call the militia into activft service for the preservation of law and order, or when the public service may require it; provided, that the police force of any city, town or parish, shall not be organized or used as part of the State militia, SUFFRAGE AND ELECTION. Art. 184. In all elections by the people the electors shall vote by ballot; and in all elections by persons in a representative capacity the vote shall be viva voce. Art. 185. Every male citizen of the United States, and every mal? person of foreign birth who has been naturalized, or who may have legally declared his intention to become a citizen of the United States before he offers to vote, who is twenty-one years old or upwards, possessing the fol- lowing qualifications, shall be an elector and shall be entitled to vote at any election by the people, except as hereinafter provided: 1. He shall be an actual resident of the State at least one year next preceding the election at which he offers to vote. 2. He shall be an actual resident of the parish in which he offers to vote at least six months next preceding the election. 3. He shall be an actual resident of the ward or precinct in which he offers to vote at least thirty days next preceding the election. Art. 186. The General Assembly shall provide the law for the proper enforcement of the provisions of the foregoing article; provided, that in the Parish of Orleans there shall be a supervisor of registration. CONSTITUTION OF 1879. 201 who shall be appointed by the Governor, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, whose term of office shall be for a period of foui- years, and whose salary, qualifications and duties shall be prescribed by law. And the General Assembly may provide for the registration of voters in the other parishes. Art. 187. The following persons shall not be permitted to register, vote or hold any office or appointment of honor, profit or trust in this State : Those who shall have been convicted for treason, embezzlement of public funds, malfeasance in office, larceny, bribery, illegal voting, or other crime punishable by hard labor or imprisonment in the penitentiary, idiots and insane persons. Art. 188. No qualification of any kind of suffrage or office, nor any restraint upon the same, on account of race, color or previous condition shall be made by law. Art. 189. Electors shall, in all cases except treason, felony or breach of the peace, be privileged from arrest during their attendance on elections, and in going to and returning from the same. Art. 190. The General Assembly shall by law forbid the giving or selling of intoxicating drinks on the day of election, within one mile of precincts, at any election held within the State. Art. 191. Until otherwise provided by law, the general State elec- tion shall be held once every four years on the Tuesday next following the third Monday in April. Presidential electors and members of Congress shall be chosen or elected in the manner at the time prescribed by law. Art. 192. Parochial and municipal elections in the cities of New Orleans and Shreveport shall be held on the same day as the general State election, and not oftener than once in four years. Art. 193. For the purpose of voting, no person shall be deemed to have gained a residence, by reason of his presence, or lost it by reason of his absence, while employed in the service, either civil or military, of this State or of the United States ; nor while engaged in the navigation of the waters of the State or the United States, or of the high seas, nor while a student of any institution of learning. Art. 194. The General Assembly shall provide by law for the trial and determination of contested elections of all public officers, whether State, judicial, parochial or municipal. Art. 195. No person shall be eligible to any office, State, judicial, parochial, municipal or ward, who is not a citizen of this State and a duly qualified elector of the State, judicial district, parish, municipality or ward wherein the functions of said office are to be exercised. And when- ever any officer, State, judicial, parochial, municipal or ward, may change his residence from this State, or from the district, parish, municipality or ward in which he holds such office, the same shall thereby be vacated, any declaration of retention of domicile to the contrary notwithstanding. 202 CONSTITUTION OF 1879. IMPEACHMENT AND REMOVALS FROM OFFICE. Art. 196. The Governor, Lieutenant Governor, Secretary of State, Auditor, Treasurer, Attorney General, Superintendent of Public Educa- tion and the judges of all the courts of record in this State shall be liable to impeachment for high crimes and misdemeanors, for nonfeasance or malfeasance in office, for incompetency, for corruption, favoritism, extor- tion or oppression in office, or for gross misconduct or habitual drunken- ness. Art. 197. The House of Representatives shall have the sole power of impeachment. All impeachments shall be tried by the Senate; when sitting for that purpose, the Senators shall be upon oath or affirmation, and no person shall be convicted without the concurrence of two-thirds of the Senators present. When the Governor of the State is on trial, the Chief Justice or the Senior Associate Justice of the Supreme Court shall preside. Judgments in cases of impeachment shall extend only to removal from office and disqualification from holding office of honor, trust or profit under the State, but the party, whether convicted or acquitted, shall, nevertheless, be liable to prosecution, trial and punishment according to law. Art. 198. All officers against whom articles of impeachment may be preferred shall be suspended from the exercises of the functions of their office during the pendency of such impeachment, and, except in case of the impeachment of the Governor, the appointing power shall make a provisional appointment to replace any suspended officer until the decision of the impeachment. Art. 199. For any reasonable cause the Governor shall remove an3' officer on the address of two-thirds of the members elected to each house of the General Assembly. In every such case, the cause or causes for which such removal may be required shall be stated at length in the address and inserted in the journal of each house. Art. 200. For any of the causes specified in Article 196, judges of the courts of appeal of the district courts throughout the State and of the city courts of the Parish of Orleans may be removed from office by judg- ment of the Supreme Court of this State in a suit instituted by the Attorney General, or a district attorney, in the name of the State, on his relation. The Supreme Court is hereby vested with original jurisdic- tion to try such causes; and it is hereby made the duty of the Attorney General or of any district attorney to institute such suit on the written request and information of fifty citizens and taxpayers residing within the territorial limits of the district or circuit over which the judge against whom the suit is brought exercises the functions of his office. Such suits shall be tried, after citation and ten days' delay for answer- ing, in preference to all other suits, and wherever the court may be sitting; but the pendency of such suit shall not operate a suspension from office. In all cases where the officer sued, as above directed, shall CONSTITUTIOX OF 1879. 203 be acquitted, judgment shall be rendered jointly and in solid-o againsc the citizens signing the request, for all costs of the suit. Art. 201. For any of the causes enumerated in Article 196, district attorneys, clerks of courts, sheriffs, coroners, recorders, justices of the peace and all other parish, municipal and ward officers shall be removed by judgment of the District Court of the domicile of such officer (in the Parish of Orleans, the Civil District Court), and it shall be the duty of the district attorney, except when the suit is to be brought against himself, to institute suit in the manner directed in Article 200, on the written request and information of twenty-five resident citizens and taxpayers, in the case of district, parish or municipal officers, and of ten resident citizens and taxpayers, in the case of ward officers. Such suit should be brought against a district attorney by the district attorney of an adjoining district, or by counsel appointed v by the judge for that pui-pose. In all such cases the defendant, the State and the citizens and taxpayers on whose information and at whose request such suit was brought, or any of them, shall have the right to appeal, both on the law and the facts, from the judgment of the court. In all cases where the officer sued as above directed shall be acquitted, judgment shall be rend- ered jointly and in solido against the citizens signing the request, for all costs of the suit. In cases against district attorneys, clerks, sheriffs and recorders, the appeal shall be to the Supreme Court, and in cases against all other officers the appeal shall be in the court of appeal to the proper circuit. Such appeals shall be returnable within ten days to the Appellate Court, wherever it may be sitting or wherever it may hold its next session, and may be transferred by order of the judges of said court to another parish within their circuit; and such appeals shall be tried by preference over all others. In case of the refusal or neglect of the district attorney or Attorney General to institute and prosecute any suit provided for in this and the preceding article, the citizens and tax- payers making the request, or any of them, shall have the right by man- damus to compel him to perform such duty. EE VENUE AND TAXATION. Art. 202. The taxing power may be exercised by the General Assembly for State purposes, and by parishes and municipal corpora- tions, under authority granted to them by the General Assembly, for parish and municipal purposes. Art. 203. Taxation shall be equal and uniform throughout tht^ territorial limi+s of the authority levying the tax, and all property •.■'-P'1 be taxed in proportion to its value, to be ascertained as directed by law; provided, the assessment of all property shall never exceed tht^ actual cash value thereof; and provided, further that the taxpayers shall have the right of testing the correctness of their assessments before the courts of justice. In order to arrive at this equality and uniformity, 2Ui CONSTITUTION OF 1879. the General Assembly shall, at its first session after the adoption of this Constitution, provide a system of equality and uniformity in assess- ments based upon the relative value of property in the different portions of the State. The valuations put upon property for the purposes of the State taxation shall be taken as the proper valuation for purposes of local taxation in every subdivision of the State. tVrt. 204. The taxing power shall be exercised only to carry or and maintain the government of the State and the public institution-^ thereof, to educate the children of the State, to pay the principal and interest of the public debt, to suppress insurrection, repel invasion or defend the State in time of war; to supply the citizens of the State, who lost a limb or limbs in the military service of the Confederate States, with substantial artificial limbs during life, and for levee pur- poses, as hereinafter provided. Art. 205. The power to tax corporations and corporate property shall never be surrendered nor suspended by act of the General Assembly. Art. 206. The General Assembly may levy a license tax, and in such case shall graduate the amount of such tax to be collected from the persons pursuing the several trades, professions, vocations and call- ings. All persons, associations of persons and cori>orations pursuing any trade, profession, business or calling may be rendered liable to such tax, except clerks, laborers, clergymen, school teachers, those engaged in mechanical, agricultural, horticultural and mining pursuits, and manufacturers other than those of distilled alchoholic or malt liquore, tobacco and cigars and cotton-seed oil. No political corporation shall impose a greater license tax than is imposed by the General Assembly for State purposes. Art. 207. The following property shall be exempt from taxation, and no other, viz. : All public property, places of religious worship or burial, all charitable institutions, all buildings and property used exclus- ively for colleges and other school purposes, the real and personal estate of any public library and that of any other library association used by or connected with such library, all books and philosophical apparatus and all painting and statuary of any company or association kept in public hall; provided, the property so exempted be not used or leased for purposes of private or corporate profit and income. There shall also be exempt from taxation household property to the value of five hundred dollars. There shall also be exempt from taxation and license, for a period of ten years from the adoption of this Constitution, the capital, machinery and other property employed in the manufacture of textile fabrics, leather, shoes, harness, saddlery, hats, fiour, machinery, agricultural implements, and furniture and other articles of wood, marble, or stone; soap, stationery, ink and paper, boat building, and chocolate; provided, that not less than five hands are employed in any one factory. Art. 208. The General Assembly shall levy an annual poll tax for the maintenance of the public schools, upon every male inhabitant in CONSTITUTION OP 1879. • 205 the State over the age of twenty-one years, which shall never be les^ than one dollar nor exceed one dollar and a half per capita, and the General Assembly shall pass laws to enforce the payment of said tax. Art. 209. The State tax on property for all purposes whatever, including expenses of government, schools, levees and interest, shall not exceed in any one year six mills on the dollar of its assessed valuation, if the ordinance regarding the bonded debt of the State is adopted and ratified by the people; and, if said ordinance is not adopted and ratified by the people, said State tax for all purposes aforesaid shall not exceed in any one year five mills on the dollar of the assessed valuation of the property; and no parish or municipal tax for all purposes whatsoevev shall exceed ten mills on the dollar of valuation; provided that, for the purpose of erecting and constructing public buildings, bridges and works of public improvement in parishes and municipalities, the rates of tax- ation herein limited may be increased when the rate of such increase and the purpose for which it is intended shall have been submitted to a vote of the property taxpayers of such parish or municipality entitled to a vote under the election laws of the State, and a majority of same voting at such election shall have voted therefor. Art. 210. There shall be no forfeiture of property for the non- payment of taxes. State, levee district, parochial or municipal, but at the expiration of the year in which they are due the collector shall, without suit, and after giving notice to the delinquent in the manner to be provided by law (which shall not be by publication, except in cases of unknown owner), advertise for sale the property on which the taxes are due in the manner provided for judicial sales, and on the day of sale he shall sell such portion of the property as the debtor shall point out, and, in case the debtor shall not point out sufficient property, the collector shall at once and without further delay sell the least quan- tity of property which any bidder will buy for the amount of the taxes, interest and costs. The sale shall be without appraisement, and the property sold shall be redeemable at any time for the space of one year, by paying the price given, with twenty per cent, and costs added. No sale of property for taxes shall be annulled for any informality in the proceedings until the price paid, w;th ten per cent, interest, be tendered to the purchaser. All deeds of sale made, or that may be made, by col- lectors of taxes, shall be received by courts in evidence as prima facie valid sales. Art. 211. The taxes shall be designated by the year in which it 's collectible, and the tax on movable property shall be collected in the year in which the assessment is made. Art. 212. The Legislature shall pass no law postponing the 'pay- ment of taxes, except in case of overflow, general conflagration, general destruction of the crops or other public calamity. Art. 213. A levee system shall be maintained in the State, and .-i tax not to exceed one mill may be levied annually on all property subject 208 cox.sTiruTiox of 1879. to taxation, and shall be applied exclusively to the maintenance anil repairs of levees. Art. 214. The General Assembly may divide the State into levee districts and provide for the appointment or election of levee commis- sioners in said districts, who shall, in the method and manner to be pro- vided by law, have supervision of the erection, repairs and maintenance of the levees in said districts; to that eifect it may levy a tax not to exceed five mills on the taxable property situated within the alluvial portions of said districts subject to overflow. Art. 215. The provisions of the above two articles shall cease to have effect whenever the Federal Government shall assume permanent: control and provide the ways and means for the maintenance of levees in this State. The Federal Government is authorized to make sucii. geological, topographical, hydrographical and hydrometrical surveys and investigations within the State as may be necessary to carry into effect the Act of Congress to provide for the appointment of a Mis- sissippi river commission for the improvement of said river, from the head of the passes near its mouth to the headwaters, and to construct and protect such public works and improvements as may be ordered by Congress under the provisions of said act. Art. 21{i. The General Assembly shall have power, with the con- currence of an adjacent State or States, to create levee districts com- posed of territory partly in this State and partly in adjacent State or States, and the levee commissioners for such district or districts shall possess all the powers provided by Article 214 of the Constitution. Art. 217. Corporations, companies or associations organized or domiciled out of the State, but doing business herein, may be licensed by a mode different from that provided for home corporations or com panics; provided, said different mode of license shall be uniform, upon a graduated system, as to all such corporations, companies or associations that transact the same kind of business. Art. 218. All the articles and provisions of 'this Constitution regulating and relating to the collection of State taxes and tax sales shall also apply to and regulate the collection of parish, district anc^ municipal taxes. HOMESTEADS AND EXEMPTIONS. Art. 219. There shall be exempt from seizure and sale by any process whatever, except as herein provided, the "homesteads" bona fide owned by the debtor and occupied by him, consisting of lands, build- ings and ai)purtcnances, whether rural or urban, of every head of a family, or person having a mother or father, a person or persons depend- ent on him or her for support; also one work-horse, one wagon or cart, one yoke of oxen, two cows and calves, twenty-five head of hogs, or ono thousand pounds of bacon or its equivalent in pork, whether these c xcnipted objects be attached to a homestead or not ; and, on a farm, the CONSTITUTION OF 1879. 207 necessary quantity of corn and fodder for the current year, and the necessary farming implements to the value of two thousand dollars. Provided that, in case the homestead exceeds two thousand dollars in value, the beneficiary shall be entitled to that amount in case a sale of the homestead under any legal process realizes more than that sum. ISTo husband shall have the benefit of a homestead whose wife owns and is in the actual enjoyment of property or means to the amount of two thousand dollars. Such exemptions, to be valid, shall he set apart and registered as shall be provided by law. The benefit of this provision may be claimed by the surviving spouse or minor child or children of a deceased bene- ficiary if in indigent circumstances. Art. 220. Laws shall be passed as early as practicable for the set- ting apart, valuation and registration of property claimed as a home- stead. Rights to homesteads, or exemptions under laws or contracts, or for debts existing at the time of the adoption of this Constitution, shall not be impaired, repealed or affected by any provision of this Con- stitution, or any laws passed in pursuance thereof. No court or minis- terial officer of this State shall ever have jurisdiction or authority lo enforce any judgment, execution or decree against the property set apart for a homestead, including such improvements as may be made thereon from time to time; provided, the property herein declared to be exemp: shall not exceed in value two thousand dollars. This exemption shall not apply to the following cases, to-wit: 1. For the purchase price of said property, or any part thereof. 2. For labor and material furnished for building, repairing on improving homesteads. 3. For liabilities incurred by any public officer or fiduciary, or any attorney at law, for money collected or received on deposit. 4. For lawful claims for taxes or assessment. Art. 221. The owner of a homestead shall at any time have the right to supplement his exemption by adding to an amount already set apart, which is less than the whole amount and exemption herein allowed, sufficient to make his homestead and exemption equal to the whoL; amount allowed by this Constitution. Art. 222. The homestead shall not be susceptible of mortgage, except for the purchase price, labor and material furnished for the building, repairing or improving homestead; nor shall any renunciation or waiver of homestead rights or exemptions be valid. The right to sell any property which shall be recorded as a homestead shall be preserved, but no sale shall destroy or impair any rights of creditors therein. Art. 223. Equitable laws shall be passed for the protection of cred- itors against the fraudulent claims of debtors, for the punishment of fraud, and for reaching property and funds of the debtor concealed from the creditor. 208 CONSTITUTION OF 1879. ■ PUBLIC EDUCATION. Akt, 224. There shall be free public schools established by the General iKsseii^J^ly throughout the State for the education of all the children of the State between the ages of six and eighteen years; and the General Assembly shall provide for their establishment, mainten- ance and support by taxation, or otherwise, and all moneys raised, except the poll tax, shall be distributed to each parish in proportion to the number of children between the ages of six and eighteen years. Art. 225. There shall be elected by the qualified electors of the State a Superintendent of Public Education, who shall hold his office for the term of four years, and until his successor is qualified. His duties shall be prescribed by law and he shall receive an annual salary of two thousand dollars. The aggregate annual expenses of his office, including his salary, shall not exceed the smn of three thousand dollars. The General Assembly shall provide for the appointment of parish boards of public education for the different parishes. The parish boards may appoint a parish superintendent of public schools in their respective parishes, who shall be ex-officio secretary of the parish board, and whose salary for his double functions shall not exceed two hundred dollars annually, except that in the Parish of Orleans the salary of the parish superintendent shall be fixed by the General Assembly, to be paid out of the public fund accruing to each parish respectively. Art. 226. The general exercises in the public schools shall be con- ducted in the English language and the elementary branches taught therein; provided, that these elementary branches may be also taught in the French language in those parishes in the State, or localities in said parishes where the French language predominates, if no additional expense is incurred thereby. Art. 227. The funds derived from the collection of the poll tax shall be applied exclusively to the maintenance of the public schools as organized under this Constitution, and shall be applied exclusively to the support of the public schools in the parish in which the same shall be collected, and shall be accounted for and paid by the collecting officers directly to the competent school authorities of each parish. - Art. 228. ISTo funds raised for the support of the public school? of the State shall be appropriated to or used for the support of any sectarian schools. Art. 229. The school fund of this State shall consist of: 1. The proceeds of taxation for school purposes, as provided in this Constitution. 2. The interest on the proceeds of all public lands heretofore granted by the United States for the use and support of the public schools. 3. Of lands and other property which may hereafter be bequeathed, granted or donated to the State, or generally for school purposes. 4. All funds or property, other than unimproved lands, bequeathed or granted to the State, not designated for other purposes. CONSTITUTION OF 1879, * 209 5. The proceeds of vacant estates falling under the law to the State of Louisiana. The Legislature may appropriate to the same fund the proceeds, in whole or in part, of public lands not designated for any other purpose, and shall provide that every parish may levy a tax for the public schools therein, which shall not exceed the State tax; provided, that with such a tax the whole amount of parish taxes shall not exceed the limits of parish taxation fixed by this Constitution. CONCERNING A STATE UNIVERSITY. Art. 230. The L^niversity of Louisiana, as at present established and located at New Orleans, is hereby recognized in its three depart- ments, to-wit: the law, the medical and the academical departments, to be governed and controlled by appropriate faculties. The General Assembly shall, from time to time, make such provision for the proper government, maintenance and support of said State Uni- versity of Louisiana, and all the departments thereof, as the public nec- essities and well-being of the people of the State of Louisiana may require, not to exceed ten thousand dollars annually. The Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, now established and located in the City of Baton Rouge, is hereby recognized, and all revenues derived and to be derived from the sale of land or land scrip, donated by the United States to the State of Louisiana, for the use of a seminary of learning and mechanical and agricultural college, shall be appropriated exclusively to the maintenance and support of said University and Agricultural and Mechanical College. and the General Assembly shall, from time to time, make such additional appropriations for the maintenance and support of said Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College as the public nec- essities and the well-being of the State of Louisiana may require, not to exceed ten thousand dollars annually. Art. 231. The General Assembly shall also establish in the City of New Orleans a university for the education of persons of color, provide for its proper government, and shall make an annual appropriation of not less than five thousand dollars nor more than ten thousand dollars for its maintenance and support. Art. 232. Women over twenty-one years of aire shall be eligible to any office of control or management under the school laws of this State. THE FREE SCHOOL, SEMINARY AND AGRICULTURAL AND MECHANICAL COLLEGE FUND. Art. 233. The debt due by the State to the Free School Fund is hereby declared to be the sum of one million one hundred and thirty thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven dollars and fifty-one cents in principal, and shall be placed on the books of the Auditor and Treasurer to the credit of the several townships entitled to the same; the said 210 CONSTITUTION OF 1879. principal being the proceeds of the sales of lands heretofore granted by the United States for the use and support of the free public schools, which amount shall be held by the State as a loan, and shall be and' remain a perpetual fund on which the State shall pay an annual interest of four per cent, from the first day of January, 1880; and that said interest shall be paid to the several townships in the State entitled to the same, in accordance with the Act of Congress No. 68, approved February 15, 1843; and the bonds of the State heretofore issued belonging to said fund and sold under Act of the General Assembly No. 81 of 1872 are hereby declared null and void, and the General Assembly shall make no provision for their payment, and may cause them to be destroyed. The debt due by the State to the Seminary Fund is hereby declared to be one hundred and thirty-six thousand dollars, being the proceeds of the sale of lands heretofore granted by the United States to the State for the use of a seminary of learning, and said amount shall be placed to the credit of said fund on the books of the Auditor and Treasurer of the State as a perpetual loan, and the State shall pay an annual inter- est of four per cent, on said amount from January 1, 1880, for the use of said seminary of learning; and the consolidated bonds of the State now held for use of said fund shall be null and void after the first day of January, 1880, and the General Assembly shall never make any pro- vision for their payment, and they shall be destroyed in such manner as the General Assembly shall direct. The debt due by the State to the Agricultural and Mechanical Col- lege Fund is hereby declared to be the sum of one hundred and eighty-two thousand three hundred and thirteen dollars and three cents, being the proceeds of the sales of lands and land scrip heretofore granted by the United States to this State for the use of a college for the benefit of agriculture, and the mechanic arts; said amount shall be placed to the credit of said fund on the books of the Auditor and Treasurer of the State as a perpetual loan, and the State shall pay an annual interest of five per cent, on said amount from January 1, 1880, for the vise of said Agricidtural and Mechanical College ; the consolidated bonds of the State now held by the State for the use of said fund shall be null and void after the first day of January, 1880, and the General Assembly shall never make any provision for their payment, and they shall be destroyed in such manner as the General Assembly may direct. The interest provided for by this article shall be paid out of any tax that may be levied and collected for the general purposes of public education. CORPO'RATTONS AND COEPORATE RIGHTS. Art. 234. The General Assembly shall not remit the forfeiture of the charter of any corporation now existing, nor renew, alter or amend the same, nor pass any general or special law for the benefit of such corporation, except upon the condition that such corporation shall there- after hold its charter subject to the provision^ of this Constitution, CONSTITUTION OF 1879. 211 Art. 235. The exercise of the police power of the State shall never be abridged nor so construed as to permit corporations to conduct their business in such manner as to infringe the equal rights of individuals or the general well-being of the State. Art. 236. No foreign corporation shall do any business in this State without having one or more known places of business and an authorized agent or agents in the State upon whom process may be served. Art. 237. No corporation shall engage in any business other than that expressly authorized in its charter or incidental thereto, nor shall it take or hold any real estate for a longer period than ten years, except such as may be necessary and proper for its legitimate business or pur- poses. Art. 238. No corporation shall issue stock nor bonds, except for labor done or money or property actually received, and all fictitious issues of stock shall be void, and any corporation issuing such fictitious stock shall forfeit its charter. Art. 239. The stock shall not be increased, except in pursuance of general laws, nor without consent of persons holding the larger amount in value of the stock, first obtained at a meeting of stockholders to be held after thirty days' notice given in pursuance of law. Art. 240. The term corporation, as used in this Constitution, shall be construed to include all joint stock companies or associations having any power or privileges not possessed by individuals or partnerships. Art. 241. It shall be crime, the nature and punishment of which shall be prescribed by law, for any president, director, manager, cashier or other ofiicer or owner of any private or public bank or banking insti- tution to assent to the reception of deposits or the creation of debts by such banking institution, after he shall have had knowledge of the fact that it is insolvent or in failing circumstances; such officer, agent or manager shall be individually responsible for such deposits so received and all such debts so created with his assent. Art. 242. The General Assembly shall have power to enact general laws authorizing the parochial or municipal authorities of the State, under certain circumstances, by a vote of the majority of the property taxpayers iji numbers and in value, to levy special taxes in aid of public improvements or railway enterprises ; provided, that such tax shall not exceed the rate of five mills per annum nor extend for a longer period than ten years. Art. 243. Any railroad corporation or association organized for the pui-pose shall have the right to construct and operate a railroad between any points within this State, and connect at the State line with railroads of other States. Every railroad company shall have the right with its road to intersect, connect with or cross any other railroad, and shall 'receive and transport each other's passengers, tonnage and cars, loaded or empty, without delay or discrimination. Art. 244. Railwavs heretofore constructed, or that may hereafter 212 CONSTITUTION OF 1879. be constructed in this State, are hereby declared public highways, and railroad companies conmion carriers. AuT. 245. Every railroad or other corporations, organized or doing LusmebS in this State, under the laws or authority thereoi, shall liave and maintain a public oihce or place in this State lor the transaction oi its business, where traiisiers ot stock shall be made, and wliere shail be kept for public inspection books in which shall be recorded the amount ot capital stock subscribed, the names of owners of stock, the amount-i owned by them respectively, the amount of stock paid, and by whom, the transfers of said stock, with the date of transler, the amount of its assets and liabilities and the names and places of residence of its officers. Art. 24(5. If any railroad company, organized under the laws of this State, shall consolidate, by sale or otherwise, with any railroad company organized under the laws of any other State or of the United States, the a .:v.- siiall not thereby become a foreign corporation, but the courts of tliis State shall retain jurisdiction m all matters which may arise, as if said consolidation had not taken place. In no case shall any one consoli- dation take place except upon public notice of at least sixty days to all stockholders, in such manner as may be provided by law. Art. 247. General laws shall be enacted providing for the creation of private corporations, and shall therein provide fully for the adequate protection of the public and of the individual stockholder. Art. 248. The police juries of the several parishes and the consti- tuted authorities of all incorporated municipalities of the State shall alone have the power of regulating the slaughtering of cattle and other like stock within their respective limits; provided, no monopoly or exclu- sive privilege shall exist in this State, nor such business be restricted to the land nor houses of any individual or corporation; provided, the ordi- nances designating the places for slaughtering shall obtain the concur- rent approval of the board of health or other sanitary organizations. PAROCHIAL AFFAIRS AND BOUNDARIES. Art. 249. The General Assembly may establish and organize new parishes, which shall be bodies corporate, with such powers as may be prescribed by law; but no new parish shall contain less than six hundred and twenty -five square miles, nor less than seven thousand inhabitants; nor shall any parish be reduced below that area or number of inhabitants. Art. 250. All laws changing parish lines or removing parish seats shall, before taking effect, be submitted to the electors of the parish or the parishes to be effected thereby, at a special election held for that purpose, and be adopted by majority of votes of each parish cast at such election. Art. 251. Any parish may be dissolved and merged by the General Assembly into a contiguous parish or parishes, two-thirds of the qualified electors of the parish proposed to be dissolved voting in favor thereof at an election held for that purpose; provided, that each of the parishes CONSTITUTION OF 1879. 213 into which the dissolved parish proposes to become incorporated consents thereto by a majority of its qualified electors voting therefor. Art. 252. Whenever a parish shall be enlarged or created from ter- ritory contiguous thereto, it shall be entitled to a just proportion of the property assets, and liable for a just proportion of the existing debts or liabilities of the parish or parishes from which such territory shall be taken. THE CITY OF NEW ORLEANS. Art. 253. The citizens of the City of New Orleans, or any political corporation which may be created within its limits, shall have the right of appointing the several public officers necessary for the administration of the police of said city, pursuant to the mode of election which shall be provided by the General Assembly. Art. 254. The General Assembly, at its next session after the adop- tion of the Constitution, shall enact such legislation as may be proper to liquidate the indebtedness of the City of New Orleans, and apply ita assets to the satisfaction thereof. It shall have authority to cancel the charter of said city and remit its inhabitants to another form of govern- ment if necessary. In any such new form of government no salary shall exceed three thousand five hundred dollars. Art. 255. The General Assembly shall pass necessary laws to pre- vent sailors or others of the crew of foreign vessels from working on thf> wharves and levees of the City of New Orleans; provided, there is no treaty between the United States and foreign powers to the contrary. AMENDMENT AND REVISION OF THE CONSTITUTION. Art. 256. Propositions for the amendment of this Constitution may be made by the General Assembly at any session thereof, and if two-thirds of all the members elected to each house shall concur therein, after such proposed amendments have been read in such respective houses on three separate days, such proposed amendment or amendments, to- gether with the yeas and nays thereon, shall be entered on the journal, and the Secretary of State shall cause the same to be published in two newspapers published in the Parish of Orleans and in one paper in each other parish of the State in which a newspaper is published, for three months preceding the next election for Representatives, at which time the said amendment or amendments shall be submitted to the electors for their approval or rejection ; and, if a majority voting on said amend- ment or amendments shall approve and ratify the same, then such amend- ment or amendments so approved and ratified shall become a part of the Constitution. When more than one amendment shall be submitted at the same time, they shall be so submitted as to enable the electors to vote on each amendment separately. The result of said election shall be made know/i by the proclamation of the Governor. Art. 257. The Constitution of this State, adopted in 1868, and all 214 CONSTITUTION OP 1879. SCHEDULE. amendments thereto, is declared to be superseded by this Constitution; and, in order to carry tlie same into eiiect, it is hereby declared and ordained as follows: Art. 258. All rights, actions, prosecutions, claims and contracts, as well as of individuals as of bodies corporate, and all laws in force at the time of the adoption of this Constitution, and not inconsistent there- with, shall continue as if the said Constitution had not been adopted. But the monopoly features in the charter of any corporation now exist- ing in the State, save such as may be contained in the charters of rail- road companies, are hereby abolished. Art. 259. In order that no inconvenience may result to the public service from the taking efl'ect of this Constitution, no office shall be superseded thereby, but ihe laws of the State relative to the duties of the several officers — executive, judicial and military — shall remain in full force though the same be contrary to this Constitution, and the sev- eral duties shall be performed by the respective officers of the State according to tlie existing laws until the organization of the government under this Constitution and the entering into office of the new officers to be appointed or elected under said government, and no longer. Art. 260. Appointments to office by the Executive under this Con- stitution shall be made by the Governor to be elected under its authority. Art. 261. All causes in which appeals have been or may be here- after taken, or now pending in the Supreme Court under the Constitution of 1868, and of which jurisdiction has been vested by this Constitution in the courts of appeal, shall, after the adoption of this Constitution, be transferred for trial to the Court of Appeal of the circuit from which the appeal has been or may be taken. All other causes that may be pending in the Supreme Court, under the Constitution of 1868, shall be transferred to the Supreme Courr created by this Constitution, as soon as it shall be organized. All causes that may be pending in all other courts, under the Con- stitution of 1868, upon the adoption of this Constitution and the organiz- ation of the courts created by this Constitution, shall be transferred to the courts respectively having jurisdiction thereof under this Consti- tution. Art. 262. Immediately after the adjournment of this Convention the Governor shall issue his proclammation, directing the several officers of the State authorized by law^ to hold elections for members of the General Assembly to open and hold a poll in every parish in the State at the places designated by law upon the first Tuesday in the month of December next, 1879, for the purpose of taking the sense of the good people of this State in rega^'d to the adoption or rejection of this Con- stitution; and it shall be the duty of said officers to receive the votes of all jjorsons entitled to vote under the Constitution of 1868. Each voter shall express his opinion by depositing in the ballot box a ticket whereon shall be written or printed, "For the Constitution," or CONSTITUTION OP 1879. 215 "Against the Constitution," or some such words as will distinctly convey the intention of the voter. It sEall also be the duty of the Governor, in his said proclamation, to direct the said officers authorized by law to hold elections to open and hold a poll at the above stated time and places for the election of Gov- ernor, Lieutenant Governor, members of the General Assembly, Secretary of State, Attorney General, State Auditor, and Superintendent of Public Education, and of all other oflScers whose election by the people is pio- vided for in this Constitution; and the names of the persons voted for shall be written or printed on the same ticket and deposited in the same box as the votes "for" or "against" the Constitution. And the said election for the adoption or rejection of the Consti- tution and for the said officers shall be conducted and the returns thereof made in conformity with the existing laws upon the subject of said elections. Upon the receipt of the said returns, or on the last Monday in December, 1879, if the returns be not sooner received, it shall be the duty of the Governor, the Lieutenant Governor, the Secretary of State, and the Attorney General, in the presence of all such persons as may choose to attend, to compile the votes given at the said polls for ratifica- tion or rejection of this Constitution; and, if it shall appear from said returns that a majority of all the votes given on the question of adoption and rejection of the Constitution is for ratifying this Constitution, then it shall be the duty, of the Governor to make immediate proclamation of the fact, and henceforth this Constitution shall be ordained and estab- lished as the Constitution of the State of Louisiana, and the General y\ssomb'y elected in 1878 shall thereupon be dissolved. Whether this Constitution be adopted or rejected, it shall be the duty of the Governor to cause to be published in the official paper of the Convention the result of the polls, showing the number of votes cast in each parish for nnd against the Constitution. If the Constitution be ratified, it shall be the duty of the Secretary of State to examine and compile the returns and publish the result of the election of officers herein ordained and in the manner provided by exist- ing laws. Art. 263. The General Assembly first elected under this Constitu- tion shall convene in the City of New Orleans upon the second Monday in January next, 1880, after the election, and the Governor and Lieuten- ant Governor elected shall be duly installed in office during the first week of the session and before it shall be competent for the said General Assembly to proceed with the transaction of business beyond their own organization. Am. 264. The State Auditor, Attorney General, Secretary of State and Superintendent of Public Education, elected at the first election herein provided for, shall enter upon the discharge of the duties of their respective offices on the second Monday of January, 1880, after comply- ing with the requisites of existing laws;. and all other officers whose elec- 216 CONSTITUTION OF 1879. tion or appointment is provided for by this Constitution shall enter upon the discharge of the duties of their respective offices on the first Monday of April, 1880, after complying with the requirements of exist- ing laws; until which period all officers under the Constitution of 1868 shall receive the pay and emoluments provided for under said Constitu- tion; provided, that the pay of the officers elected or appointed under this Constitution shall not commence until after their induction into office. The State Treasurer elected in November, 1878, shall continue in office as if elected at the election to be held on the first Tuesday in December, 1879, but the salary of said officer shall be established by this Constitution from and after the second Monday in January, 1880. Art. 256. The time of service of all officers chosen by the people at the first election under this Constitution shall terminate as thougli the election had been holden on the first Tuesday after the first Monday in April, 1880. Art. 266. The judges of the courts of appeal, district judges, city judges, district attorney, coroners, clerks of courts, sheriffs, recorder of mortgages and register of conveyances, all of whose election and appoint- ment are provided for by this Constitution, in the Parish of Orleans, shall only enter on the discharge of the duties of their respective offices on the first Monday of August, 1880, and the present incumbents shall continue until then in the performance of the duties of their respective offices and the enjoyment of the emoluments thereof as now prescribed by law. Art. 267. The General Assembly is required to make provision for paying J. B. Cosgrove, printer of the Convention, for the balance due him for work done previous to adjournment, and for all work that may be done by him after adjournment of the Convention by its direction, and shall make a special appropriation to liquidate the debt which this Convention has contracted, authorizing the Fiscal Agent of the State to negotiate a loan of twenty-five thousand dollars; and also for the pay- ment of such vouchers as may be issued by the chairman of the Com- mittee on Contingent Expenses, under the authority of this Convention, in excess of the foregoing appropriation, for the purpose of enabling this Convention to complete its work; provided, said vouchers are approved by the President of the Convention. Art. 268. There shall not be any municipal election in the cities of New Orleans and Shreveport in December, 1879 ; the General Assembly shall provide for a municipal election in the City of New Orleans or such municipal corporations as may be created within the territorial limits of the Parish of Orleans during the year 1880. The General Assombly shall fix the time for a municipal election in the City of Shreveport before April, 1884. LOmS A. WILTZ, President and Delegate from the Ninth Representative District of the Parish of Orleans. Wl\f. H. HARRIS, Secretary. CONSTITUTION OF 1879. 217 MISCELLANEOUS ORDINANCES. BELIEF OF DELINQUENT TAXPAYERS. Article 1. Be it enacted hy the people of the State of Louisicma, in Convention assembled — ^All interests, penalties, costs, fees and charges whatever on taxes and licenses due the State, or any political corporation therein, prior to the first day of January, 1879, and yet ujipaid, are remitted, and all property forfeited to the State or any political corpora- tion on account of non-payment of taxes and licenses, or to which the State or any political corporation now has a title, shall be redeemable. and the title to the State or any political corporation thereto annulled upon the payment by the debtor, or any interested party, of the principal of all taxes and licenses that may be due thereon at the date of redemp- tion, and this right of redemption shall continue until the first day of January, 1881. In the event the principal of said taxes and licenses is not paid by said time, the interest, penalties, costs, fees and charges hereinbefore remitted shall revive and attach to the property upon which the taxes and licenses are due, and such property shall be then sold in the manner to be provided by law, and the title of the purchaser shall be full and complete; provided, that nothing herein contained shall be construed as affecting the rights of third persons who may have pur- chased property, legally assessed and sold at tax sales, or from the State, or any political corporation, after the same was legally forfeited to or purchased by the State or such corporation; and provided, further, that nothing in the ordinance shall be taken as granting any time for the payment of the principal of said taxes and licenses; and provided, fur- ther, that interest shall accrue and be collected on the principal of said delinquent taxes and licenses at the rate of eight per cent, per annum from January 1, 1880; and on all said taxes and licenses paid a discount of ten per cent, per annum shall be allowed from the date of payment to January 1, 1881. That all taxes and licenses due the State prior to January 1, 1879, may be paid as follows : 1. That portion of said taxes and licenses due the General Fund and other funds, except as hereinafter provided, in any valid Auditor's warrants outstanding at the date of adoption of this Constitution, except all warrants issued prior to the first of January, 1874, and also all war- rants issued from the first of January, 1874, to first of January, 1875, for other purposes than for salaries of constitutional officers, or for the support of charitable institutions for the year 1874. That, at the option of the holders of any of said warrants, the said warrants may be funded in bonds of the denomination of five dollars, with interest coupons attached thereto, at the rate of three per cent, per annum interest from the first day of July, 1880; the said bonds to be 218 CONSTITUTION OF 1879. due and payable six years from the first day of January, 1880, the said coupons being payable at the State Treasury on the first day of February and August of each year. All moneys received in the treasury for all taxes and licenses due the State prior to the first day of January, 1879, except such as are other- wise provided for by this ordinance, shall be set aside to pay the interest on said five-dollar bonds and to provide a sinking fund to redeem the same. The bonds above provided and interest coupons shall also be receivable for amounts due to the State for the redemption or purchase of property which has been forfeited or sold to the State for delinquent taxes and licenses of any of the years named in this article. The bonds so issued shall be receivable for the said taxes and licenses and the obliga- tions of the public charitable institutions of the State given for the pur- chase of necessaiy supplies of food, clothing, medicine and hire of em- ployees. 2. That portion of said taxes and licenses due the Interest Fund, subsequent to January, 1874, in any matured coupons issued by the State since that date. 3. That portion of said tax due the Levee Fund since the year eighteen hundred and seventy-one to the year eighten hundred and sev- enty-six, inclusive of both years, in any valid warrants issued by the levee company and endorsed by the Auditor and Treasurer of the State, as follows : "Receivable for levee tax due for eighteen hundred and sev- enty-one to eighteen hundred and seventy-six, inclusive" ; and the Auditor and Treasurer arc hereby authorized to so endorse warran*:s issued by the levee company, as provided above, to an amount sufficient to cover the balance due on the judgment recovered by said company in the case entitled Louisiana Levee Company vs. the State of Louisiana, No. 7163, in the Supreme Court of Louisiana. Be it further enacted, etc.. that no Auditor's warrant shall be taken as valid for the purpose of payment of taxes and licenses or for funding as hereinbefore prescribed until the same shall have been examined by the Auditor, Treasurer and Attorney General of the State and endorsed by them as valid ; said warrants, when so endorsed, may be surrendered to said officers and by them registered and canceled, and in lieu thereof '•;i''' Arditor and Treasurer shall issue certificates in sums of five, ten, twenty or fifty dollars, as may be desired by the holder of said warrants, which shall be receivable for all taxes and licenses due the State prior to January 1, 1S70, except the taxes due the Interest Fund and Levee Fund. Be if further ordained that all taxes and licenses due any parish or mmicipal corporntinn p"inr tn Janiiary 1, 1879, n^ay be payable in any valid warrants, scrip or floating indebtendness of said parish or municipal corporation, except judgments. CONSTITUTION OF 1879. 219 INDEBTEDNESS OF THE STATE TO ITS FISCAL AGENT. Be it ordained by the people of the State of Louisiana in Convention Assembled — That the debt clue from the State to its Fiscal Agent, being in amount one hundred and eighty-seven thousand seventy-seven dollars and twenty-four cents ($187,077.24), subject to such reduction as may result from credits arising out of taxes due to the Interest Fund since June 30, 1879, which said debt was created under the contract made be- tween the Board of Liquidators and the Fiscal Agent, under date of twenty-fifth May, 1877, and under Act No. 28, session of the Legislature of 1878, is hereby declared to be a valid obligation of the State; and the Legislature shall, at its first session after the adoption of this Constitu- tion, provide for the payment of the same, and the Fiscal Agent shall, as a condition precedent to said payment, surrender and deliver to the Auditor of the State for cancellation the interest coupons which wer(^ taken up and held by said Fiscal Agent at the time of making tjip advances wdiich created the said indebtedness; but the interest to be allowed said Fiscal Agent shall be at the rate of four per cent, per annum until the debt is paid. LOAN BY FISCAL AGENT. Article 1. Be it ordained by the People of the State of Louisiana m Convention assembled— That the Fiscal Agent of this State shall be and is hereby empowered by authority of this Convention to negotiate a loan of twenty-five thousand dollars or so much thereof as may be necessary, at seven per cent, per annum, to defray the residue of the expenses of this Convention not provided for by the act of the General Assembly calling this Convention, and to enable the Convention to com- plete the work of framing the new Constitution. Art. 2. That said loan shall be evidenced by certificates of indebt- edness, signed by the President of this Convention and countersigned by the Secretary thereof, under seal of this Convention, in sums of five hundred dollars or under, bearing seven per cent, per annum interest from the date of such certificates until paid, and payable on the fifteenth day of March, A. D. 1880. at the State National Bank of New Orleans, in the City of New Orleans. ^RT. 3. The first General Assembly convened under this Constitu- tion shall make a special appropriation to liquidate the debt which this Convention has contracted or may contract, as per ordinance adopted authorizing the Fiscal Asrent of the State to negotiate a loan of twenty- five thousand dollars for the purpose of enabling this Convention to com- plete the work of framing this Constitution. LOITIS A. WILTZ, President and Delegate from the Ninth Representative District of the Parish of Orleans. W^^ II. HARRIS, Secretary. 220 CONSTITUTION OF 1879. STATE DEBT. Article 1. Be it ordained hy the People of the State of Louisiana in Convention assembled — That the interest to be paid on the consoli dat d bonds of the State of Louisiana be and is hereby fixed at two per cent, per annum for five years from the first of January, 1880; three per cent, per annum for fifteen years, and four per cent, per annum thereafter, payable semi-annually; and there shall be levied an annual tax suflicient for the full payment of said interest, not exceeding three mills, the limit of all State tax being hereby fixed at six mills ; provided, the holders of consolidated bonds may, at their option, demand in exchange for the bonds held by them bonds of the denomination of five dollars, one hundred dollars, five hundred dollars, one thousand dollars, to be issued at the rate of seventy-five cents on the dollar of bonds held and to be surrendered by such holders ; the said new issue to bear interest at the rate of four per cent, per annum, payable semi-annually. Art. 2. The holders of the consolidated bonds may at any time pre- sent their bonds to the Treasurer of the State, or an agent to be ap- pointed by the Governor — one in the City of New York and the other in the City of London — and the said Treasurer or agent, as the case may be, shall endorse or stamp thereon the words "interest reduced to two per cent, per annum for five years, from January 1, 1880; three per cent, per annum for fifteen years, and four per cent, per annum thereafter"; provided, the holder or holders of said bonds may apply to the Treasurer for an exchange of bonds, as provided in the preceding article. Art. 3. Be it further ordained — That the coupons of said consoli- dated bonds falling due the first of January, 1880, be and the same are hereby remitted, and any interest taxes collected to meet said coupons are hereby transferred to defray the expenses of the State government. Be it further ordained, and it is herehy ordained hy this Constitu- tional Convention, that the foregoing provisions and articles relative to the consolidated debt shall not form a part of this Constitution, except a:: l.ereinafter provided, as follows: At the election held for the ratification or rejection of this Consti- tnt'on it shall be lawful for each voter to have written or printed on his ballot the words, "For ordinance relative to State debt," or the words "Against ordinance relative to State debt"; and, in the event that a majority of the ballots so cast have endorsed on them the words, "For ordinance relative to State debt," then the said foregoing provisions and articles of this ordinance shall form a part of the Constitution submitted, if the same is ratified; and, if a majority of the votes cast shall have endorsed on them the words, "Against ordinance relative to State debt," then said provisions and articles shall form no part of this Constitution. LOUIS A. WILTZ, Presideni and Delegate from the Ninth Representative District of the Parish of Orleans. WM. H. HAKRIS, Secretary. AMENDMKNTS TO CONSTITUTION OF 1879. 221 AMENDMENTS TO CONSTITUTION OF 1879. ACT NO. 76 OF 1882. STATE DEBT. Article 1. Be it ordained by the People of the State of Louisiana as provided hy law — That the State Debt Ordinance be amended so as to read as follows: That the interest to be paid on the Consolidated Bond? of the State of Louisiana be and is hereby fixed at two per centum per annum for five years, from the first day of January, one thousand eight hundred and eighty (1880), and four per centum per annum thereafter, payable semi-annually; and there shall be levied an annual tax sufficient for the full payment of said interest, not exceeding three mills, the limit of State tax for all purposes being hereby fixed at six mills, and said bonds and coupons shall be duly stamped: "Interest reduced to two per centum per annum for five years from January first, one thousand eight hundred and eighty, and four per centum per annum thereafter." Art. 2. That the holders of the Consolidated Bonds may, at any t me. in o-'der that the coupons mnv i I'ri. present their bonds to the Treasurer of the State, or to agents to be appointed by the Governor, one in the City of New York and the other in the City of London, Eng- land; and the said Treasurer, or agents, as the case may be, shall endorse or stamp thereon the words: "Interest reduced to two per centum per annum for five years from January first, one thousand eight hundred and eighty (1880), and four per centum per annum thereafter"; and said Treasurer or agent shall endorse or stamp on said coupons the following words: "Interest reduced to two per centum per annum," or "Interest reduced to four per centum per annum," as the case may be. ACT NO. 125 OF 1882. Art. 81. The Supreme Court, except in cases hereinafter provided, shall have appellate jurisdiction only, which jurisdiction shall extend to all cases when the matter in dispute, or the fund to be distributed, what- ever may be the amount therein claimed, shall exceed two thousand dol- lars, exclusive of interest; to suits of divorce and separation from bed and board; to suits for nullity of marriage; to suits involving the rights of homesteads; to suits for interdiction, and to all cases in which the 222 AMENDMENTS TO CONSTITUTION OF 1879. constitutionality or legality of any tax, toll or impost whatever, or of any fine, forfeiture or penalty imposed by a municipal corporation shall be in contestation, whatever may be the amount thereof, and in such cases the appeal on the law and the facts shall be diiectly from the court in which the case originated to the Supreme Court; and to criminal cases on (juestions of law alone, whenever the punislunent of deatli or imprison- ment at hard labor may be inflicted, or a fine exceeding three hundred dollars ($300) is actually imposed. Art. 95. The Court of Appeals, except in cases hereinafter pro- vided, shall have appellate jurisdiction only, which jurisdiction shall extend in all cases, civil or probate, when the matter in dispute or the funds to be distributed shall exceed one hundred dollars, exclusive of interest. Art. 101. Whenever the judges composing the courts of appeal shall concur, their judgment shall be final. Whenever there shall be a disa- greement, the two judges shall appoint a lawyer having the qualifications for a judge of the Court of Appeals of their circuit, who shall aid in the determination of the case; a judgment concurred in by any two of them shall be final. Art. 128. There shall be in the Parish of Orleans a Court of Appeals for said parish, with exclusive appellate jurisdiction in all mat- ters, civil and probate, arising in said parish, when the amount in dispute or fund to be distributed exceeds one hundred dollars, exclusive of interest, and does not exceed two thousand dollars, exclusive of interest; said court shall be presided over by two judges, who shall be elected by the General Assembly, in joint session; they shall be residents and voters of the City of New Orleans, possessing all the qualifications necessary for judges of circuit courts of appeal throughout the State; they shall each receive an annual salary of four thousand dollars, payable monthly upon their respective warrants. Said appeals shall be upon questions of law alone, in all cases involving less than five hundred dollars, exclusive of interest, and upon the law and the facts in other cases. It shall sit in the City of New Orleans from the first Monday of November to the ]r-st Monday in June in each year; it shall have authority to issue writ.^ of mandamus, prohibition, certiorari and habeas corpus in aid of its appellate jurisdiction. Art. 130. For the Parish of Orleans there shall be two District Courts and no more. One of said courts shall be known as "The Civil District Court for the Parish of Orleans," and the other as "The Criminal District Court for the Parish of Orleans." The former shall consist of not less than five judges, and the latter not less than two judges, having )i,^ p'l^-ficationa prescribed for district judges throughout the State. "''•- '•■•'•■] indrres shall be appointed by the Governor, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, for the term of eight years. The first, appointment shall be made as follows: Three judges of the Civil District Court for four years, and two judges for eight years. One judge of the Criminal District Court for four years, and one for eight years; the terms AMENDMENTS TO CONSTITUTION OF 18Y9. 223 to be designated in their commissions. The said judges shall receive each four thousand dollars per annum. Said Civil District Court shall have exclusive and general probate, and exclusive jurisdiction in all casea \\ l;eii ihe amount in dispute or to be distributed exceeds one hundred dollars, exclusive of interest ; and exclusive of appellate jurisdiction from . courts of the Parish of Orleans when the amount in dispute exceeds twenty-five dollars, exclusive of interest. All causes filed in said courts shall be equally allotted and assigned among said judges, in accordance with rules of court to be adopted for the purpose. In case of recusation of any judge in any cause, such cause shall be reassigned; or, in case of absence from the parish, sickness or the disability of the judge to whom said cause may have been assigned, any judge of said court may issue or grant conservatory writs or orders. In other respects each judge shall have exclusive control over every cause assigned to him from its inception to its final determination in said court. The Criminal District Court shall have criminal jurisdiction only. All prosecutions instituted in said court shall be equally apportioned between said judges by lot. Fp^h judge or his successor shall have exclusive control over every cause falling to him from its inception to its final determination in said court. In case of vacancy or recusation, causes assigned shall be reassigned under order of court. Art. 135. There shall be in the City of New Orleans four city courts, one of which shall be located in that portion of the city on the right bank of the Mississippi river, presided over by judges having all the qualifications required of a district judge, and shall be elected by the qualified voters for the term of four years; they shall have exclusive jurisdiction over all sums not exceeding one hundred dollars, exclusive of interest, subject to an appeal to the Civil District Court when the amount claimed exceeds twenty-five dollars, exclusive of interest. The General Assembly shall regulate the salaries, territorial division of juris- diction, the manner of executing their process, the fee bill, and proceed- ings which shall govern them; they shall have authority to execute com- missions, to take testimony, and shall receive therefor such fees as may be allowed by law. The General Assembly may increase the number of city courts for the said parish- — not to exceed eight in all, until otherwise provided by law; each of said courts shall have one clerk, to be elected for the term of four years by the qualified voters of the parish, who shall receive a salary of twelve hundred dollars per annum, and no more, and whose qualifications, bonds and duties shall be regulated by law. ACT NO. 113 OF 1882. AuT ' ■-•;.,! charges fixed by law for the various civil courts of the Parish of Orleans, and for the register of conveyances and recorder of mortgages of said parish shall enure to the State; and all sums realized therefrom shall be set aside and held as a special fund, out of which shall be paid, by preference, the expenses of the clerk of 224 AMENDMENTS TO CONSTITUTION OF 1879. the Civil District Court, the clerks of the city courts, the register of con- veyances and the recorder of mortgages for the Parish of Orleans; pro- vided, that the State will never make any payment to any sheriff, clerk, register of conveyances or recorder of mortgages of the Parish of Orleans, or any of their deputies, for salary or other expenses of their respective offices, except from the special fund provided for by this article; and any appropriation made contrary to this provision shall be null and void. ACT NO. 88 OF 1886. Art. 62. That, in the event of the death, or from whatever cause the office of Lieutenant Governor shall become vacant, then and in that event the President pro tempore of the Senate shall fill the office of Lieutenant Governor, performing all the duties incident to the office and receiving its emoluments. JOINT RESOLUTION NO. 28 OF 1886. Art. 117. In those districts composed of one parish there shall not . be less than six terms of the District Court each year. In all otiher districts there shall be in each parish not less than four terms of the District Court each year, except in the parishes of Cameron, Franklin and Vernon, in which there shall not be less than two terms of the Dis- trict Court each year. Until provided by law, the terms of the District Cou t in each parish shall be fixed by rule of said court, which shall not be changed without notice by publication at least thirty days prior to such change. There shall be in each parish not less than two jury terms each year, at which a grand jury shall be impaneled, excepting the parishes of Cameron, Franklin and Vernon, in which there shall not be less than one jury term each year, at which a grand jury shall be impaneled. At other jury terms the General Assembly shall provide for special juries when necessary for the trial of criminal cases. JOINT RESOLUTION NO. 75 OF 1886. Art. 180. The New Basin Canal and Shell Road and their appur- tenances shall not be leased nor alienated. JOINT RESOLUTION NO. 92 OF 1886. Art. 207. The following property shall be exempt from taxation, and no other, viz. : All public property, places of religious worship or burial, all charitable institutions, all buildings and property used ex- clusively for colleges of other school purposes, the real and personal estate of any public library and that of any other literary association AMENDMENTS TO CONSTITUTION OF 1879, 225 used by or connected with such library, all books and philosophical appar- atus, and all paintings and statuary of any company or association kept in a public hall; provided, the property so exempted be not used or leased for purposes of private or corporate profit or income. There shall also be exempt from taxation household property to the value of five hundred dollars; there shall also be exempt from taxation and license for a period of twenty years from the adoption of the Constitution of 1879 the capital, machinery and other property employed in the manufacture of textile fabrics, leather, shoes, harness, saddlery, hats, flour, machinery, agri- cultural implements, manufacture of ice, fertilizers and chemicals, and furniture and other articles of wood, marble or stone, soap, stationery, ink and paper, boat building and chocolate; provided, that not less than five hands are employed in any one factory. ACT NO. 43 OF 1884. Art. 269. The terms of Act No. 43 of the regular session of 1884, adopted at the session of the Legislature in the year 1884, are hereby ratified and approved, and all provisions of the Constitution of 1879 re- pugnant thereto, or in any way impairing the passage thereof, are hereby repealed, so far as the operations of said act are concerned. JOINT RESOLUTION NO. 112 OF 1884. Art. 270. The General Assembly may divide the State into Levee Districts and provide for the appointment or election of Levee Com- missioners in said districts, who shall, in the method and manner to be provided by law, have supervision of the erection, repair and maintenance of the levees in said districts; to that effect the Levee Commissioners may levy a tax not to exceed ten mills on the taxable property situated within the alluvial portions of said districts subject to overflow; provided that, in case of necessity to raise additional funds for the purpose of constructing, preserving or repairing any levees protecting the lands of a district, the rate of taxation herein limited may be increased when the rate of such increase and the necessity and purpose for which it is intended shall have been submitted to a vote of the property tax- payers of such district, paying taxes for himself, or in any representa- tive capacity, whether resident or non-resident, on property situated within the alluvial portion of said district subject to overflow, and a majority of those in number and value, voting at such election, shall have voted therefor. JOINT RESOLUTION NO. 110, OF 1890. Art. 271. Be it resolved hy the Senate and House of Represen- tatives of the State of Louisiana, two-thirds of all the members elected to each house concurring. That the following amendments to the Con- 226 AMENDMENTS TO CONSTITUTION OF 1879. stitution of the State be submitted to the electors of the State at the next election for Kepresentatives for the General Assembly in the year 1892, for the purpose of retiring the now existing valid outstanding bonds of the city of New Orleans, including the bond certificates of bonds is- sued under the act of the Legislature, No. 58, of 1882, and to retire judgments now or hereafter rendered against the city on floating debt claims prior to 1879, entitled to be funded under act No. 67, of 1884, the said cily of New Orleans is hereby authorized and directed, on and alter the adoption of this amendment, to issue, through the Board of Liquidation of the City Debt, bonds to be known as the Constitutional Bonds of the City of New Orleans, not to exceed ten millions of dol- lars, at fifty years, bearing four per cent, per annum interest, to bear date and be in the form prescribed by the Legislature. The said bonds shall be applied by the said board to the retirement of said outstanding bonds and judgments, by the sale of said constitutional bonds, and ap- plication of the proceeds of sale by the Board of Liquidation to pay or purchase said outstanding bonds and judgments, or by exchanging the said constitutional bonds for bonds on the terms and in the mode pre- scribed by the Legislature. For the payment of the interest and princi- pal at maturity of said constitutional bonds, and other outstanding bonds not retired under this amendment, and for the payment of the annual allotments and premiums of the premium bonds of said city, the said city is hereby authorized and directed to levy annually, and until the full payment of said bonds, a special tax of one per cent, on all the real and personal property of the city, said tax to be a part of and not in addition to the tax of twenty mills and two-tenths of a mill on the dollars of valuation now levied for all purposes by the city of New Orleans, and the said tax shall be paid over as collected to, and be applied by, the Board of Liquidation, to the payment of the interest and principal at maturity of said constitutional bonds, and outstanding bonds not retired, and to the payment of the allotments of p.remiums extant, in the hands of holders. Said tax is hereby declared to be the contract right of the holders of all said bonds; and the exemption of said constitutional bonds from all taxation by the city of New Orleans and State of Louisiana is hereby recognized and declared, and after payment of all the annual interest on said constitutional bonds and bonds not retired, and the payment of the said annual allotments of premium bonds and premiums extant in the hands of holders, and after making provisions for a sinking fund, at such , time and of such an amount as the Legislature prescribes, the surplus of said one per cent, shall be disposed of as prescribed by the Legislature. The act passed at the present session, No. 36, entitled "An act to carry into effect the constitutional amendment passed at the present session relative to the bond debt of the city of New Orleans," etc., be and is hereby approved in all its parts as a contract between the city of New AMENDMENTS TO CONSTITUTION OP 1879. 227 Orleans and the holders of said constitutional bonds, premium bonds, and of the bonds outstanding not retired, as aforesaid. Sec. 2. Be it further resolved, etc.. That the city of New Orleans be and is hereby authorized and empowered to examine into and assume the payment of the claims or obligations of the Board of School Directors tor the city and parishes of Orleans due for the years 1880, 1881, 1882, 1883 and 1884, now in the hands of original owners, who have in no wise parted with their right of ownership or pledged the same, as may be found to be equitably due by said board for services rendered, labor performed or materials furnished by authority of said board. Sec. 3. Be it further resolved, etc.. That all electors voting at said election for said amendments shall place upon their ballots the words, "For the city of New Orleans debt amendment," and all electors voting at said election against amendment shall place on their ballots the words, "Against the city of New Orleans debt amendment." Constitution of 1898, Adopted at New Orleans, May 12, 1898. PREAMBLE. We, the people of the State of Louisiana, grateful to Almighty God for the civil, political and religious liberties we enjoy, and desiring to secure the continuance of these blessings, do ordain and establish this Con- stitution. BILL OF RIGHTS. Art. 1. All government, of right, originates with the people, is founded on their will alone and is instituted solely for the good of the whole. Its only legitimate end is to secure justice to all, preserve peace and promote the interest and happiness of the people. Art. 2. No person shall be deprived of life, liberty or property, ex- cept by due process of law. Art. 3. No law shall ever be passed to curtail or restrain the liberty of speech or of the press; any person may speak, write and publish his sentiments on all subjects, being responsible for the abuse of that lib- erty. Art. 4. Every person has the natural right to worship God, according to the dictates of his conscience, and no law shall be passed respecting au establishment of religion. Art. 5. The people have the right peaceably to assemble and apply to those vested with the powers of government for a redress of grievances by petition or remonstrance. Art. 6. All courts shall be open, and every person for injury done him in his rights, lands, goods, person or reputation shall have adequate remedy by due process of law and justice administered without denial, partiality or unreasonable delay. Art. 7. The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers and effects against unreasonable searches and seizures shall not be violated and no warrant shall issue except upon probable cause, supported by oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched and the persons or things to be seized. Art. 8. A well regulated militia being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be CONSTITUTION OF 1898. 229 abridged. Tliis shall not prevent the passage of laws to punish those who carry weapons concealed. Art. 9. In all criminal prosecutions the accused shall have the right to a speedy public trial by an impartial jury ; provided, that cases in which the penalty is not necessarily imprisonment at hard labor, or death, shall be tried by the court without a jury or by a jury less than twelve in num- ber, as provided elsewhere in the Constitution; provided further, that all trials shall take place in the parish in which the offense was committed, unless the venue be changed. The accused in every instance shall have the right to be confronted with the witnesses against him; he shall have the right to defend himself, to have the assistance of counsel, to have com- pulsory process for obtaining witnesses in his favor. Prosecutions shall be by indictment or information ; but the Legislature may provide for the prosecution of misdemeanors on affidavits; provided, that no person shall be held to answer for a capital crime unless on a presentment or indictment by a grand jury except in cases arising in the militia when in actual service in time of war or public danger; nor shall any person be twice put in jeopardy of life or liberty for the same offense, except, on his own application for a new trial, or where there is a mistrial,- or a motion in arrest of judgment is sustained. Art. 10. In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall be informed of the nature and cause of the accusation against him; and when tried by juiy shall have the right to challenge jurors peremptorily, the number of challenges to be fixed by law. Art. 11. No person shall be compelled to give evidence against him- self in a criminal case, or in any proceeding that may subject him to crimi- nal prosecution, except as otherwise provided in this Constitution. Art. 12. Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishment inflicted. All persons shall be bailable by sufiieient sureties, unless for capital offenses where the proof is evident or presumption great, or unless after conviction for any crime or offense punishable with death or imprisonment at hard labor. Art. 13. The privilege of the writ of habeas corpus shall not be sus- pended, unless when, in case of rebellion or invasion, the public safety may require it. Art. 14. The military shall be in subordination to the civil power. Art. 15. This enumeration of rights shall not be construed to deny or impair other rights of the people not herein expressed. DISTRIBUTION OF POWERS. Art. 16. The powers of the government of the State of Louisiana shall be divided into three distinct departments, each of them to be con- fided to a separate body of magistracy, to-wit Those which are legislative to one, those which are executive to another, and those which are judicial to another. Art. 17. No one of these departments, nor any person or collection of 230 CONSTITUTION OF 1898. persons holding office in one of them, shall exercise power properly belong- ing to either of the others, except in the instances hereinafter expressly directed or permitted. LEGISLATIVE DEPARTMENT. APPORTIONMENT. Akt. 18. Kepresentation in the House of Representatives shall be equal and uniform and shall be based upon population. Each parish and each ward of the City of New Orleans shall have at least one representa- tive. At its first regular session after the United States census of 1900, and after each census thereafter, the General Assembly shall, and it is hereby directed to apportion the representation among the several parishes and Representative Districts on the basis of the total population shown by such census. A representative number shall be fixed, and each parish and Representative District shall have as many Representatives as such repre- sentative number is contained in the total number of the inhabitants of such parish or Representative District and one additional Representative for every fraction exceeding one-half the representative number. The number of Representatives shall not be more than one hundred and six- teen nor less than ninety-eight. Art. 19. The General Assembly, in every year in which it shall apportion representation in the House of Representatives, shall divide the State into Senatorial Districts. No parish shall be divided in the forma- tion of a Senatorial District, the Parish of Orleans excepted. Whenever a new parish is created, it shall be attached to the Senatorial District from which most of its territory is taken, or to another contiguous district, at the discretion of the General Assembly, but shall not be attached to more than one district. The number of Senators shall not be more than forty- one nor less than thirty-six, and they shall be apportioned among the Senatorial Districts according to the total population contained in the sev- eral districts. Art. 20. Until an enmneration shall have been made in accordance with Articles 18 and 19, the State shall be divided into the following Senatorial Districts, with the number of Senators hereinafter apportioned to each district : The First Senatorial District shall be composed of the First and Sec- ond Wards of the Parish of Orleans, and shall elect one Senator ; The Second Senatorial District shall be composed of the Third Ward of the Parish of Orleans, and shall elect one Senator; The Third Senatorial District shall be composed of the Fourth, Fifth, Sixth and Seventh Wards of the Parish of Orleans, and shall elect two Senators ; The Fourth Senatorial District shall be composed of the Eighth and Ninth Wards of the Parish of Orleans, and of the Parishes of St. Bernard and Plaquemines, and shall elect two Senators; CONSTITUTION OP 1898. 231 The Fifth Senatorial District shall be composed of the Tenth Ward, ana shall elect one Senator; I'^e Sixth Senatorial District shall be composed of the Eleventh, Twelfth, Ihirteenth and Fourteenth Wards, and shall elect two Senators; The Seventh Senatorial District shall be composed of the Fifteenth, Sixteenth and Seventeenth Wards, and shall elect one Senator; The Eighth Senatorial District shall be composed of the Parishes of Jefferson, St. Charles and St. John the Baptist, and shall elect one Senator ; The Ninth Senatorial District shall be composed of the Parishes of St. James and Ascension and shall elect one Senator; The Tenth Senatorial District shall be composed of the Parishes of Terrebonne, Lafourche and Assumption, and shall elect two Senators; The Eleventh Senatorial District shall be composed of the Parishes of St. Maiy and Vermilion, and shall elect one Senator; The Twelfth Senatorial District shall be composed of the Parishes of Cameron and Calcasieu, and shall elect one Senator; The Thirteenth Senatorial District shall be composed of the Parishes of St. Martin, Iberia and Lafayette, and shall elect two Senators; The Fourteenth Senatorial District shall be composed of the Parishes of St. Landry and Acadia, and shall elect two Senators; The Fifteenth Senatorial District shall be composed of the Parishes of Avoyelles and Pointe Coupee, and shall elect one Senator; The Sixteenth Senatorial District shall be composed of the Parishes of Iberville and West Baton Rouge, and shall elect one Senator; The Seventeenth Senatorial District shall be composed of the Par- ishes of East and West Feliciana, and shall elect one Senator; The Eighteenth Senatorial District shall be composed of the Parish of East Baton Rouge, and shall elect one Senator; The Nineteenth Senatorial District shall be composed of the Parishes of St. Helena, Livingston, Tangipahoa, Washington and St. Tammany, and shall elect two Senators; The Twentieth Senatorial District shall be composed of the Parishes of Rapides and Vernon, and shall elect one Senator; The Twenty-first Senatorial District shall be composed of the Par- ishes of Natchitoches, Sabine, DeSoto and Red River, and shall elect two Senators ; The Twenty-second Senatorial District shall be composed of the Par- ish of Caddo, and shall elect one Senator; The Twenty-third Senatorial District shall be composed of the Par- ishes of Webster and Bossier, and shall elect one Senator; The Twenty-fourth Senatorial District shall be composed of the Parishes of Bienville and Claiborne, and shall elect one Senator; The Twenty-fifth Senatorial District shall be composed of the Par- ishes of Union, Lincoln, Morehouse and West Carroll, and shall elect two Senators; 232 CONSTITUTION OF 1898. The Twenty-sixth Senatorial District shall be composed of the Par- ishes ot' Ouachita and Jackson, and shall elect one Senator; The Twenty-seventh Senatorial District shall be composed of the Parishes of Winn, Caldwell and Grant, and shall elect one Senator; 'ihe Twenty-eighth Senatorial District shall be composed of the Parishes of East CaroU and Madison, and shall elect one Senator; The Twenty-ninth Senatorial' District shall be composed of the Par- ishes of Tensas and Concordia, and shall elect one Senator; The Thirtieth Senatorial District shall be composed of the Parishes of Richland, Pranklin and Catahoula, and shall be entitled to one Sen- ator; Thirty-nine (39) Senators in all. And the Kepresentatives shall be apportioned among the parishes and Kepresentative Districts as follows: For the Parish of New Orleans — First Eepresentative District, First Ward, one Representative; Second Representative District, Second Ward, two Representatives; Third Representative District, Third Ward, three Representatives; Fourth Representative District, Fourth Ward, one Representative; Fifth Representative District, Fifth Ward, two Representatives; Sixth Representative District, Sixth Ward, one Representative; Seventh Representative District, Seventh Ward, two Representatives ; Eig'hth Representative District, Eighth Ward, one Representative; • Ninth Representative District, Ninth Ward, two Representatives; Tenth Representative District, Tenth Ward, two Representatives; Eleventh Representative District, Eleventh Ward, two Representa- tives ; Twelfth Representative District, Twelfth Ward, one Representative; Thirteenth Representative District, Thirteenth Ward, one Rpresenta- tive; Fourteenth Representative District, Fourteenth Ward, one Repre- sentative; Fifteenth Representative District, Fifteenth Ward, one Representa- tive; Sixteenth Representative District, Sixteenth Ward, one Representa- tive; Seventeenth Representative District, Seventeenth Ward, one Repre- sentative. The Parishes of Acadia, West Baton Rouge, Bienville, Caldwell, Cameron, East Carroll, West Carroll, Catahoula, Franklin, Grant, Jack- son, Jefferson, Lincoln, Livingston, Plaquemines, Red River, Richland, Sabine, St. Bernard, St. Charles, St. Helena, St. John the Baptist, St. Tamrpany, Tangipahoa, Vermilion, Vernon, Washington, Webster and Winn each one Representative; The Parishes of Ascension, Assumption, Avoyelles, East Baton Rouge, Bossier, Calcasieu, Claiborne, Concordia, DeSoto, East Feliciana, West Feliciana, Tberia, Iberville, Lafourche, Lafayette, Madison, More- COXSTITUTION OF 1898. 23-"i house, Natchitoches, Pointe Coupee, Ouachita, Rapides, St. James, St. Mary, St. Martin, Tensas, Terrebonne, Union each two Representatives; The Parishes of Caddo and St. Landry, each, three Representative?. This apportionment of Senators and Representatives shall not be changed or altered in any manner until after the enumeration shall have been taken by the United States. After the year 1902 the apportionment made in this article shall cease to exist. GENERAL ASSEMBLY. Art. 21. The legislative power of the State shall be vested in a General Assembly, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Repre- sentatives. Art. 22. The style of the laws of this State shall be : "Be it enacted by the General Assembly of the State of Louisiana." Art. 23. The General Assembly shall meet at the seat of govern- ment on the third Monday of May, 1898, at 12 o'clock noon, and bienni- ally thereafter, on the second Monday of May, and the sessions thereof shall be limited to sixty days. Should a vacancy occur in either House, the Governor shall order on election to fill such vacancy for the remainder of the term. Art. 24. Every elector under this Constitution shall be eligible to a seat in the House of Representatives, and every elector who has reached the age of twenty-five years shall be eligible to the Senate ; provided, that no person shall be eligible to the General Assembly unless at the time of his election he has been a citizen of the State for five years, and an actual resident of the State for five years, and an actual resident of the district or parish from which he may be elected for two years immediately pro- ceding his election. The seat of any member who may change his resi- dence from the district or parish which he represents shall thereby be vacated, any declaration of a retention of domicile to the contrary not- withstanding; and members of the General Assembly shall be elected for a term of four years. Art. 25. Each house shall be the judge of the qualifications, elec- tions and returns of its own members, choose its own officers, except President of the Senate, determine the rules of its proceedings, and may punish its members for disorderly conduct and contempt, and, with the concurrence of two-thirds of all its members elected, expel a member. Art. 26. Either house, during the session, may punish by impris- onment any person not a member who shall have been guilty of direspect, or disorderly or contemptuous beihavior; but such imprisonment shall not exceed ten days for each offense. Art. 27. No Senator or Representative shall, during the term for which he was elected, nor for one year thereafter, be appointed or elected to any civil office of profit under this State which may have been created or tthe emoluments of which may have been increased by the General Assembly during the time such Senator or Representative was a member thereof. 234 CONSTITUTION OF 1898. AkTv 28. The members of the General Assembly shall in all cases, except treason, felony, or breach of the peace, be privileged from arrest during their attendance at the sessions of their respective houses, and nj going to and returning from the same; and for any speech or debate in Cither house they shall not be questioned in any other place. Art. 29. The members of the General Assembly shall receive a compensation not to exceed five dollars per day during their attendance, and five cents per mile going to and returning from the seat of govern- ment. Art. 30. Each house shall keep a journal of its proceedings, and cause the same to be published immediately after the close of the session ; when practicable, the minutes of each day's session shall be printed and placed in the hands of members on the day following. The original journal shall be preserved, after publication, in the office of the Secretary of State, but there shall be required no other record thereof. Art. 31. Every law enacted by the General Assembly shall embrace but one object, and that shall be expressed in its title. Art. 32. No law shall be revived, or amended by reference to its title, but in such cases the act revived or section as amended shall be re-enacted and published at length. Art. 33. The General Assembly shall never adopt any system or code of laws by general reference to such system or code of laws; but iu all cases shall recite at length the several provisions of the laws it may enact. Art. 34. Not less than a majority of tlie members of each house of the General Assembly shall form a quorum to transact business, but a smaller number may adjourn from day to day, and shall have power to compel the attendance of absent members. Art. 35. Neither house, during the sitting of the General Assembly, shall, without the consent of the other, adjourn for more than three days, nor to any other place than that in which it may be sitting. Art. 36. The yeas and nays on any question in either house shall, at the desire of one-fifth of the members elected, be entered on the journal. Art. 37. All bills for raising revenue or appropriating money shall originate in the House of Representatives, but the Senate may propose or concur in amendments as in other bills. Art. 38. No bill, ordinance or resolution intended to have the effect of a law, which shall (have) been rejected by either house, shall be again proposed in the same house during the same session imdor the same or any other title, without the consent of a majority of the house by w'hich the same was rejected. Art. 39. Every bill shall be read on three different days in each house, and no hill shall be considered for final passage unless it 'has been read once in full, and the same has been reported on by a committee, nor shall any bill become a law unless, on its final passage, the vote be taken by yeas and nays, the names of the members voting for or against CONSTITUTION OF 1898. 23.5 the same be entered on the journal, and a majority of the members elected to eadh house be recorded thereon as voting in its favor; provided, that bills revising the statutes or codes of this State, or adopting a criminal code as a whole, shall be read in such manner as may be prescribed by the General Assembly. Art. 40. No amendments to bills by one house shall be concurred in by the other, nor shall reports of committees of conference be adopted in either house except by a majority of the members elected thereto, the vote to be taken by yeas and nays, and the names of those voting for or against recorded upon the journal. Art. 41: Whenever a bill that has been passed by both houses has been enrolled and placed in possession of the house in which it origin- nated, the title shall be read, and, at the request of any five members, the bill shall be read in full, when the Speaker of the House of Kepre- sentatives or the President of the Senate, as the case may be, shall at once sign it in open house, and the fact of signing shall be noted on the journal; thereupon the Clerk or Secretary shall immediately convey the bill to the other house, whose presiding officer shall cause a suspen- sion of all other business to read and sign the bill in open session and without delay. As soon as bills are signed by the Speaker of the House and President of the Senate, they shall be taken at once, and on the same day, to the Governor by the Clerk of the House of Eepresentatives or Secretary of the Senate. Sec. 42. No law passed by the General Assembly, except the gen- eral appropriation act, or act appropriating money for the expenses of the General Assembly, shall take effect until promulgated. Laws shall be considered promulgated at the place where the State Journal is published, the day after the publication of such law in the State Journal, and in all other parts of the State twenty days after such publication. The State Journal shall be published at the capital. Art. 43.,The clerical officers of the two houses shall be a Secretary of the Senate and Clerk of the House of Eepresentatives, with such assistants as may be necessary; but the expenses for said officials, includ- ing the Sergeant-at-arms, of each house, together with all clerks of committees and all other employes of whatever kind, shall not exceed one hundred dollars daily for the Senate, nor one hundred and twenty dollars daily for the House, and the ChaiiTnan of the Committee on Con- tingent Expenses of each house shall not issue warrants for any com- pensation in excess of said amounts; provided, this shall not affect the employes of the present General Assembly. No donation of any unex- pended balances shall be made as extra compensation or for any other purpose. Art. 44. All stationery, printing, paper and fuel used in the legis- lative and other departments of govermnent shall be furnished, and the printing, binding and distribution of the laws, journals and department reports, and all other printing and binding, and the repairing and furn- ishing of the halls and rooms used for the .meetings of the General 236 CONSTITUTION OF 1898. Assembly and its committees shall be done under contract, to be given to the lowest responsible bidder below such maximum price and under such regulations as shall be prescribed by law. No member or officer of any of the departments of the government shall be in any way interested in the contracts; and all such contracts shall be subject to the approval of the governor, the President of the Senate and Speaker of the House of Representatives, or of any two of them. LIMITATION OF LEGISLATIVE POWERS. Art. 45. No money shall be drawn from the treasury except in pursuance of specific appropriation made by law; nor shall any appro- priation of money be made for a longer term than two years. A regular statement and account of receipts and expenditures of all public moneys shall be published every three months in such manner as shall be pre- scribed by law. Art. 46. The General Assembly shall have no power to contract or to authorize the contracting, of any debt or liability on behalf of the State, or to issue bonds or other evidence of indebtedness thereof, except for the purpose of repelling invasion, or for the suppression of insur- rection. Art. 47. The General Assembly shall have no power to grant or '.o authorize any parish or municipal authority to grant any extra com- pensation, fee or allowance to a public officer, agent, servant or con- tractor, nor pay, nor authorize the payment, of any claim against the State or any parish or municipality thereof, under any agreement or cx)ntract made, without express authority of law; and all such unauthor- ized agreements or contracts shall be null and void. Art. 48. The General Assembly shall not pass any local or special law on the following specified subjects: For the opening and conducting of elections, or fixing or changing the place of vt.*dng. Changinj; the ^lames of persons. Changing rhe venue in civil or criminal cases. Authorizing the laying out, opening, closing, altering or maintaining roads, highways, streets or alleys, or relating to ferries and bridges, or incorporating bridge or ferry companies, except for the erection of bridges crossing streams which form boundariea between this and any other State. Authorizing the adoption or legitimation of children or the emanci- pation of minors. Granting divorces. Changing the law of descent or succession. Affecting the estates of minors or persons under disabilities. Remitting fines, penalties and forfeitures or refunding moneys legally paid into the treasury. Authorizing the constructing of street passenger railroads in any incorporated town or city. CONSTITUTION OF 1898. 237 Regulating labor, trade, manufacturing or agriculture. Creating corporations, or amending, renewing, extending or explain- ing the charters thereof; provided, this shall not apply to municipal corporations having a population of not less than twenty-five hundred inhabitants, or to the organization of levee districts and parishes. Granting to any corporation, association or individual any special or exclusive right, privilege or immunity. Extending the time for the assessment or collection of taxes, or for the relief of any assessor or collector of taxes from the performance of his official duties, or of his sureties from liability; nor shall any such law or ordinance be passed by any political corporation of this State. Eegulating the practice or jurisdiction of any court, or changing the rules of evidence in any judicial proceeding or inquiry before coiirts, or providing or changing methods for the collection of debts or the enforcement of judgments, or prescribing the effects of judicial sales. Exempting property from taxation. Fixing the rate of interest. Concerning any civil or criminal actions. Giving effect to informal or invalid wills or deeds, or to any illegal disposition of property. Regulating the management of public schools, the building or repair- ing of schoolhouses, and the raising of money for such purposes. Legalizing the unauthorized or invalid acts of any officer, servant or agent of the State, or of any parish or municipality thereof. Art. 49, The General Assembly shall not indirectly enact special or local laws by the partial repeal of a general law; but laws repealing local or special laws may be passed. Art. 50. No local or special law shall be passed on any subject not enumerated in Article 48 of this Constitution, unless notice of the inten- tion to apply therefor shall have been published, without cost to the State, in the locality where the matter or thing to be affected may be situated, which notice shall state the substance of the contemplated law, and shall be published at least thirty days prior to the introduction into the General Assembly of such bill, and in the same manner provided by law for the advertisement of judicial sales. The evidence of such notice having been published, shall be exhibited in the General Assembly before such act shall be passed, and every such act shall contain a recital that such notice has been given. Art. 51. No law shall be passed fixing the price of manual labor. Art. 52. Any member of the General Assembly who has a personal or private interest in any measure or bill proposed or pending before the General Assembly, shall disclose the fact to the house of which he is a member, and shall not vote thereon. Art. 53. No money shall ever be taken from the public treasury, directly or indirectly, in aid of any church, sect or denomination of religion, or in aid of any priest, preacher, minister or teacher thereof, as such, and no preference shall ever be given to, nor any discrimination 238 CONSTITUTION OF 1898. made against, any church, sect or creed of religion, or any form of religious faith or worship ; nor shall any appropriation be made for private, charitable or benevolent purposes to any person or community; provided, this shall not apply to the State Asylum for the Insane and State Institution for the Deaf and Dumb and State Institution for the Instruction of the Blind and the charity hospitals and public charitable institutions conducted under State authority. Art. 54. The General Assembly shall have no power to increase the expenses of any office by appointing assistant officials. Art. 55. The general appropriation bill shall embrace nothing but appropriations for the ordinary expenses of the government, interest on tlie public debt, public schools and public charities; and such bill shall be so itemized as to show for what account each and every appropriation shall be made. All other appropriations shall be made by separate bills, each embracing but one object. Art. 56. Each appropriation shall be for a specific purpose, and no appropriation shall be made under the head or title of contingent; nor shall any officer or department of government receive any amount from the treasury for contingencies or for a contingent fund. Art. 57. No appropriation of money shall be made by the General Assembly in the last five days of the session thereof. All appropriations, to be valid, shall be passed and receive the signatures of the President of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Eepresentatives five full days before the adjournment sine die of the General Assembly. Art. 58. The funds, credit, property or things of value of the State, or of any political corporation thereof, shall not be loaned, pledged or granted to or for any person or persons, association or corpration, public or private; nor shall the State, or any political corporation, purchase or subscribe to the capital or stock of any corporation or association what- ever, or for any private enterprise. Nor shall the State, nor any political corporation thereof, assume the liabilities of any political, municipal, parochial, private or other corporation or association whatsoever; nor shall the State undertake to carry on the business of any such corpora- tion or association, or become a part owner therein ; provided, the State, through the General Assembly, shall have power to grant the right of way through its public lands to any railroad or canal, and, provided, police juries and municipal corporations may, in providing for destitute persons, utilize any charitable institutions within their corporate limits for the care, maintenance and asylum of such persons ; and all appropria- tions made to such institutions for the purpose aforesaid shall bo accounted for by them in the manner required of officials entrusted with public funds. Art. 59. The General Assembly shall have no power to release or extinguish, or to authorize the releasing or extinguishment, in whole or ill part, of the indebtedness, liability or obligation of any corporation or individual to tlio State, or to any parish or municipal corporation CONSTITUTION OF 1898. 239 ■ thereof; provided, the heirs to confiscated property may be released from all taxes due thereon at the date of its reversion to them. Akt. 60. jSTo educational or charitable institution other than the State institutions now existing, or expressly provided for in this Con- stitution, shall be established by the State, except upon a vote of two- thirds of the members elected to each house of the General Assembly. EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT. Art. 61. The Executive Department shall consist of a Governor, Lieutenant Governor, Auditor, Treasurer and Secretary of State. Art. 62. The supreme executive power of the State shall be vested in a chief magistrate, who shall be styled the Governor of Louisiana. He shall hold his office during four years, and, together with the Lieu- tenant Governor, chosen for the same term, shall be elected as follows: The qualified electors for Representatives shall vote for a Governor and Lieutenant Governor at the time and place of voting for Representatives. The return of every election for Governor and Lieutenant Governor shall be made and sealed up separately from the return of election of other officers and transmitted by the proper officer of every parish to the Secretary of State, who shall deliver them, unopened, to the General Assembly then next to be holden. The members of the General Assembly shall meet on the first Thursday after the day on which they assemble in the House of Representatives, to examine, tabulate and count the votes evidenced by said returns. The person having the greatest nimaber of votes for Governor shall be declared duly elected; but, in case two or more persons shall be equal and highest in the number of votes polled for Governor, one of them shall be immediately chosen Governor by the joint vote of the members of the General Assembly. The person having the greatest number of votes for Lieutenant Governor shall be declared duly elected Lieutenant Governor; but, in case two or more persons shall be equal and highest in the number of votes polled for Lieutenant Gov- ernor, one of them shall be immediately chosen Lieutenant Governor by the joint vote of the members of the General Assembly. Art. 63. No person shall be eligible to the office of Governor or Lieutenant Governor who shall not have attained the age of thirty years, been ten years a citizen of the United States, and resident of the State for the same period of time next preceding his election, or who shall hold office under the United States at the time of or within six months immediately preceding the election for such office; nor shall any person who shall have been elected, qualified and served as Governor under this Constitution be eligible as his own successor; provided, how- ever, that he may again be eligible to the office at the expiration of one or more terms after the term for which he shall have served. Art. 64. The Governor and Lieutenant Governor shall enter on the discharge of their duties the first Monday next ensuing the announce- ment by the General Assembly of the result of the election for Governor 240 CONSTITUTION OF 1898. and Lieutenant Governor; and each shall continue in office until the first Monday next succeeding the day that his successor shall have been declared duly elected, and shall have taken the oath or affirmation required by the Constitution. Akt, 65. In case of the impeachment of the Governor, his removal from office, death, refusal or inability to qualify, disability, resignation, or absence from the State, the powers and duties of the office shall devolve upon the Lieutenant Governor for the residue of the term, or until the Governor, absent or impeached, shall return or be acquitted or the dis- ability be removed. In the event of the removal, impeachment, death, resignation, disability or refusal to qualify of both the Governor and Lieutenant Governor, the President pro tempore of the Senate shall act as Governor until the disability be removed, or for the residue of the term. If there should be no President pro tempore of the Senate when any of the above mentioned contingencies arise for him to act as Gov- ernor, or in the event of the removal, death, resignation, permanent disability or refusal to qualify of the President pro tempore, the Secre- tary of State shall act as Governor until a President pro tempore bo elected, either in regular session or in specially called session, should the vacancy have occurred during recess; and, in the event of the impeach- ment or temporary disability of the President pro tempore, acting Gov- ernor, the Secretary of State shall likewise act as Governor until the disability be removed or the impeachment proceedings be terminated in acquittal, or until another President pro tempore of the Senate be chosen. Art. 66. The Lieutenant Governor, or President pro tempore, or Secretary of State, discharging the duties of the Governor, shall, during his administration, receive the same compensation to which the Governor would have been entitled had he continued in office. Art. 67. The Lieutenant Governor shall be ex-officio President of the Senate, but shall only have a casting vote therein. The Senate shall elect one of its members as President pro tempore of the Senate. Art. 68. The Lieutenant Governor shall receive for his services a salary of fifteen hundred dollars, payable monthly on his own warrant. In the event of a vacancy in the office of Lieutenant Governor by death, resignation, or any other cause, the President pro tempore of the Senate shall fill the office of Lieutenant Governor, performing all the duties incident to the office and receiving its emoluments. Art. 69. The Governor shall have power to grant reprieves for all oflFensos against the State; and, except in cases of impeachment or treason, shall, \ipon the recommendation in writing of the Lieutenant Governor, Attorney General and presiding judge of the court before which the conviction was had, or of any two of them, have power in his discretion to grant pardons, commute sentences and remit fines and forfeitures after conviction. In case of treason he may grant reprieves until the end of the next session of the General Assembly, in which body the power of pardoning is vested. CONSTITUTION OF 1898. 241 Art, 70. The Governor shall receive a salary of five thousand dollars per annum, payable monthly, on his own warrant. Art. 71. He shall nominate and, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, appoint all officers whose offices are established by this Con- stitution and whose appointments or elections are not herein otherwise provided for ; provided, however, that the General Assembly shall have the right to prescribe the mode of appointment or election to all offices created by it. Art. 72. The Governor shall have the power to fill vacancies that may happen during the recess of the Senate, in cases not otherwise pro- vided for in this Constitution, by granting commissions which shall expire at the end of the next session; but no person who has been nominated for office and rejected shall be appointed to the same office during the recess of the Senate. The failure of the Governor to send into the Senate the name, of any person appointed for office, as herein provided, shall be equivalent to a rejection. Art. 73. He may require information, in writing, from the officers in the executive departments upon any subject relating to the duties of their respective offices. He shall be commander in chief of the militia of the State, except when they shall be called into the actual service of the United States. Art. 74. He shall, from time to time, give to the General Assembly information respecting the situation of the State, and recommend to its consideration such measures as he may deem expedient. Art. 75. He shall take care that the laws be faithfully executed, and he may, on extraordinary occasions, convene the General Assembly at the seat of government, or, if that should have become dangerous from an enemy or from an epidemic, at a different place. The power to legis- late shall be limited to the objects specially enumerated in the proclama- tion convening such extraordinary session; therein the Governor shall also limit the time such session may continue; provided, it shall not exceed thirty days. Any legislative action had after the time so limited, or as to objects not enumerated in said proclamation, shall be null and void. Art. 76. Every bill which shall have passed both houses shall be presented to the Governor. If he approves it, he shall sign it; if not, he shall return it, with his objections in writing, to the house in which it originated, which house shall enter the objections at large upon the journal and proceed to reconsider the bill. If, after such reconsideration, two-thirds of all the members elected to that house shall agree to pass the bill, it shall be sent, with the objections, to the other house, by which likewise it shall be reconsidered; and, if passed by two-thirds of the members elected to that house, it shall be a law, but in such cases the votes of both houses shall be taken by yeas and nays, and the names of the members voting for and against the bill shall be entered on the journal of each house respectively. If any bill shall not be returned by the Governor within five days after it shall have been presented to 242 CONSTITUTION OF 1898. him, it shall be a law in like manner as if he signed it, unless the General Assembly, by adjournment, shall prevent its return, in which case it shall not be a law. Art. 77. The Governor shall have power to disapprove of any item or items of any bill making appropriations of money, embracing distinct items, and the part or parts of the bill approved shall be law, and the item or items of appropriation disapproved shall be void, unless repassed according to the rules and limitations prescribed for the passage of other bills over the executive veto. Art. 78. Every order, resolution, or vote, to which the concurrence of both houses may be necessary, except on a question of adjournment, or matters of parliamentary proceedings, or an address for removal from office, shall be presented to the Governor and, before it shall take effect, be approved by him, or, being disapproved, shall be repassed according to the rules and limitations prescribed for the passage of bills over the executive veto. Art. 79. The Treasurer, Auditor, Attorney General and Secretary of State shall be elected by the qualified electors of the State at the time and place of voting for Representatives, for the term of four years; and in case of vacancy caused by death, resignation, permanent absence, or otherwise, of any of said officers, the Governor shall fill the vacancy by appointment, with the advice and consent of the Senate; provided, the Secretary of State shall have authority to appoint an assistant, who shall be known as Assistant Secretary of State, sic or in case of his disability to act, or under the directions of the Secretary of State, the Assistant Secretary of State shall have authority to perform all the acts and duties of the office of Secretary of State. The Secretary of State shall havo authority to remove the Assistant Secretary of State ait pleasure. Art. 80. The Treasurer shall not be eligible as his own immediate successor. Art. 81. The Auditor of Public Accounts shall receive a salary of two thousand five hundred dollars per annum. The treasurer shall receive a salary of two thousand dollars per annum. The Secretary of State phall receive a salary of one thousand eight hundred dollars per annum. Each of the said officers shall be paid monthly, and no fees or perquisites or other compensation shall be allowed them; provided, that the Secretary of State may be allowed fees, as may be provided by law for copies and certificates furnished to private persons. Art. 82. Appropriations for the clerical expenses of the officers named in the preceding article shall specify each item of appropriation, and shall not exceed in any one year, for the Treasurer, the sum of two thousand dollars: for the Secretary of State, the sum of two thousand five hundred dollars, and the salary of the Assistant Secretary of State shall be innhidod in this amount; and for the Auditor of Public Accounts, the sum of fonr thousand dollars. Art. 83. All commissions shall be in the name and by the authority CONSTITUTION OF 1898. 243 of the State of Louisiana, and shall be sealed with the State seal, signed by the Governor and countersigned by the Secretary of State. JUDICIARY DEPARTMENT. Art. 84, The judicial power of the State shall be vested in u. Supreme Court, in Courts of Appeal, in District Courts, in Justices of the Peace and in such other courts as are hereinafter provided for. Art, 85, The Supreme Court, except as hereinafter provided, shall have appellate jurisdiction only, which jurisdiction shall extend to all cases where the matter in dispute or the fund to be distributed, whatever may be the amount therein claimed, shall exceed two thousand dollars, exclusive of interest; to suits for divorce and separation from bed and board, and to all matters arising therein; to suits involving alimony, for the nullity of marriage, or for interdiction ; to all matters of adoption, emancipation, legitimacy, and custody of children; to suits involving homestead exemptions, and to all cases in which the constitutionality or legality of any tax, toll or impost whatever, or any fine, forfeiture or penalty imposed by a municipal corporation shall be in contestation, whatever may be the amount thereof, and to all cases wherein an ordi- nance of a municipal corporation or a law of this State has been declared unconstitutional, and in such cases the appeal on the law and the facts shall be directly from the court in which the case originated to the Supreme Court; and to criminal cases on questions of law alone, when- ever the punishment of death or imprisonment at hard labor may be in- flicted, or a fine exceeding three hundred dollars, or imprisonment exceed- ing six months is actually imposed. Said court shall have such original jurisdiction as may be necessary to enable it to determine questions of fact affecting its own jurisdiction in any case pending before it, or it may remand the case; and shall have exclusive original jurisdiction in all matters touching professional misconduct of members of the bar, with power to disbar under such rules as may be adopted by the court. Art. 86. The Supreme Court shall be composed of one Chief Justice and four Associate Justices, a majority of whom shall constitute a quorum. The Chief Justice and Associate Justices shall each receive a salary of not less than five thousand dollars per annum, payable monthly on his own warrant. They shall be appointed by the Governor, with the advice and consent of the Senate, for the term of twelve years. In case of death, resignation or removal from office of any justice, the vacancy shall be filled by appointment for the unexpired term of such justice. They shall be citizens of the United States and of this State, over thirty- five years of age, learned in the law, and shall have practiced law in this State for ten years preceding their appointment. Art. 87. The State shall be divided into four Supreme Court dis- tricts, and the Supreme Court shall always be composed of justices appointed from said districts. The Parishes of Orleans, St. John the Baptist, St. Charles, St. Bernard, Plaquemines and Jefferson shall com- pose the first district, from which two justices shall be appointed. 244 CONSTITUTION OF 1898. The Parishes of Caddo, Bossier, Webster, Bienville, Claiborne, Union, Lincoln, Jackson, Caldwell, Ouachita, Morehouse, Richland, Franklin, West Carroll, East Carroll, Madison, Tensas, Concordia and Catalioula shall compose the second district, from which one justice shall be appointed. The Parishes of DeSoto, Red River, Winn, Grant, Natchitoches, Sabine, Vernon, Calcasieu, Cameron, Rapides, Avoyelles, Pointe Coupee, West Baton Rouge, Iberville, St. Landry, Acadia, Lafayette and Ver- milion shall compose the third district, from which one justice shall be appointed. The Parishes of St. Martin, Iberia, St. Mary, Terrebonne, Lafourche, Assumption, Ascension, St. James, East Baton Rouge, East Feliciana, West Feliciana, St. Helena, Livingston, Tangipahoa, St. Tammany and Washington shall compose the fourth district, from which one justice shall be appointed. The justices of the Supreme Court, as now constituted, shall serve until the expiration of their respective terms. When the office of Chief Justice becomes vacant, either from expiration of term, death, resigna- tion, or from any other cause, the Associate Justice who has served the longest time shall, by virtue of said length of service, become Chief Justice, and the new appointee shall become an Associate Justice only. Art. 88. The Supreme Court shall hold its sessions in the City of New Orleans from the first Monday in the month of November to the end of the month of June in each and every year. It shall appoint its own clerks and remove them at pleasure. The General Assembly shall make the necessary appropriation to provide suitable and commodious buildings for said court and the records thereof, and for the care and maintenance of the State library therein, and shall provide for the repair and alteration of the building now occu- pieurt. His compensation shall be the fees of his office as now or here- after fixed by law; he shall furnish and pay one deputy to attend the sittings of each judge, who shall have the selection of such deputy, and CONSTITUTION OF 1898. 261 who, when not engaged in court, shall perform such other duties as the constable may direct. The clerk of the said court and the constable thereof shall be remov- able by the judges of said court sitting en banc, for the causes, and in the manner prescribed for the removal of the clerk of the Civil District Court, conformably to rules to be adopted by said judges, and subject to an appeal to the Court of Appeal for the Parish of Orleans. Art. 146. The judges, clerk and constable of said court shall be elected for the term of four years by the qualified voters of the City of New Orleans on the left bank of the Mississippi river. The first election under this provision shall be held at the next parochial and municipal election. Art. 147. There shall also be a Second City Court in the City of New Orleans, on the right bank of the Mississippi river, now known as the Fifth District of the City of New Orleans; and said court shall have the same jurisdiction as the First City Court in all cases where the defendant resides in the Fifth District. There shall be one clerk for said City Court, who shall receive a salary of twelve hundred dollars per annum, payable monthly, by the City Treasurer, out of the fund hereinafter provided. There shall be a constable for said court, whose compensation shall be the fees of his ofiice, as may be now or hereafter fixed by law. The judge of said court shall have the same qualifications and authority as the judges of the First City Court, and shall receive the same compensation. Said judge, clerk and constable shall be elected by the qualified voters of said Fifth District of the City of New Orleans, for the term of four years. The first election under this provision shall be held at the next parochial and municipal election. The clerk and constable shall each furnish bond in the sum of one thousand dollars, to be approved by the judge of the court; and they shall be removable by the judge of said court after due trial, subject to an appeal to the Court of Appeal for the Parish of Orleans. Art. 148. There shall be a District Attorney for the Parish of Orleans, who shall be elected by the voters of said parish for the term of four years, and shall receive an annual salary of one thousand dollars, and such fees as may be allowed by law; but no fees shall be allowed in criminal cases except upon conviction. He shall be a licensed attorney, and may appoint two assistants with like qualifications, at salaries not to exceed eighteen hundred dollars per annum. He shall appoint such other assistants as may be required, at salaries to be fixed and paid by him. Art. 149. There shall be a register of conveyances and a recorder of mortgages for the Parish of Orleans, who shall be elected by the voters of said parish for the term of four years. Their qualifications and duties shall be as fixed by law; the register of conveyances shall furnish bond in the sum of fifteen thousand dollars, and the recorder of mortgages in the sum of twenty-five thousand dollars, which said bonds shall be exam- ined by the judges of the Civil District Court, and all testimony given 262 CONSTITUTION OF 1898. in said examinations shall be reduced to writing and filed in the court; they shall appoint such deputies and at such salaries as are now authorized by law, or as hereinafter provided. They shall be governed, with respect to the fees and expenses of their olfices, the manner of their compensation and their obligations with regard to accounting and settling, as herein- after prescribed. The compensation of the register of conveyances shall bo twenty-five hundred dollars per annum, and that of the recorder of mortgages shall be four thousand dollars per annvun. Art. 150. The judges of the Civil and Criminal District Courts for the Parish of Orleans, and of the City Courts of New Orleans, and the clerks and constables of said courts respectively, and the sheriffs, district attorney, register of conveyances and recorder of mortgages for the Par- ish of Orleans, who shall be serving at the time of the adoption of this Constitution, shall, unless removed for cause, remain in ofiice until tbo expiration of the terms for which they were elected or appointed. The three judges of the Civil District Court and the one judge of tho Criminal District Court, whose terms expire in 1900, shall serve until after the election and qualification of their successors, who shall be elected at the Congressional election of that year; and the terms of the two judges of the Civil District Court and the one judge of the Criminal District Court, whose terms expire in 1904, shall serve until the election and qual- ification of their successors, who shall be elected at the Congressional election of that year. All cases in said courts, and all writs, orders and process issued therefrom, and which shall be pending or incourse of execution, together with all the records and archives of said courts, and of the offices here- inabove mentioned shall, upon the adoption of this Constitution, at once, and by virtue of the provisions hereof, be transferred to, and held to be cases pending in, and writs, orders and process issued from, and in course of execution under the authority of, and records and archives be- longing and pertaining to the Civil and Criminal District Courts and the clerks thereof, and the offices of the civil and criminal sheriffs, dis- trict attorney, register of conveyances and recorder of mortgages for the Parish of Orleans, respectively established and provided for by this Con- stitution. No change in the system of docketing or numbering shall be required for the purpose of suits which may hereafter be filed in either of said courts, nor shall any new set of books, or system of keeping the same, be required for the purposes of any of said offices. The books and records of the Court of Appeal for the Parish of Orleans shall be trans- ferred to, and all appeals held to be cases pending in the Court of Appeals herein provided for, and without the formality of being renumbered or docketed, and the same rule shall apply to cases pending in the Third City Court of New Orleans upon the organization of the Second City Court of New Orleans, as hereinbefore provided. Upon the organization of the First City Court of New Orleans, as hereinbefore provided, all books, records and archives of the Pirst, Second and Fourth City Courts of New Orleans as now constituted, and of the clerks and constables CONSTITUTION OF 1898. » 263 thereof, and all suits, orders and process issued from and in course of ex- ecution under the authority of said courts, shall be transferred thereto, and all cases pending in said courts shall be redocketed and numbered in said First City Court, upon application of any of the parties in interest, and without cost to them. The laws regulating the sessions of and practice in the Civil and Criminal District Courts for the Parish of Orleans, and the City Courts of New Orleans, which may be in force at the time of the adoption of this Constitution, shall, if not in conflict herewith, remain in force until other- wise provided by the General Assembly. Art. 151. All cases on appeal from the City Courts of New Or- leans to the Civil District Court, upon the adoption of this Constitution, shall remain and be tried in said Civil District Court. Art. 152. The recorders of the City of New Orleans who may be serving at the time of the adoption of this Constitution, shall, unless re- moved for cause', continue in the exercise of their functions and juris- diction, conformahly to existing laws, and until otherwise provided, ex- cept in so far as such functions and jurisdiction may be affected by the provisions of this Constitution which confer appellate and supervisory ju- risdiction in certain matters on the City Criminal Courts. Art. 153. The election of judges and other officers for the Parish of Orleans and City of New Orleans, herein provided for, the time of which is not specially fixed, shall be held at the time of the parochial and municipal elections. Art. 154. Until otherwise provided by law, the costs to be paid clerks, sheriffs, constables, recorder of mortgages and register of conveyances, shall be as now fixed, except that in no case shall the costs of filing appeals from the City Courts exceed the sum of five dollars. Art. 155. The General Assembly shall grade all misdemeanors and minor offenses against the State, and shall fix the minimum and maximimi penalties therefor. Art. 156. All valid warrants issued for salaries and authorized expenses of the offices of the clerk of the Civil District Court, register of conveyances and recorder of mortgages for the Parish of Orleans, of the clerks of the City Courts of the City of New Orleans, and for salaries of the clerks of the Court of Appeal, w^hich are payable out of the special judicial expense fund provided for by Article 146 of the Constitution of 1879, as amended, and which shall be outstanding and unpaid at the date of the adoption of this Constitution, or which shai. be issued for the current month in which this Constitution is adopted, are hereby declared to be valid and subsisting claims against the rev- enues of the respective offices upon which said fund was made de- pendent. The holders of said warrants may present them within six months after the adoption of this Constitution to the Board of Liquidation of the City Debt, and receive therefor the bonds hereinafter authorized to be is- sued ; and the City of New Orleans is required, within three months from 264 CONSTITUTION OF 1898. the adoption of this Constitution, to provide for said warrants or claims, by the issuance of bonds in the sum of two hundred and twenty- livo thousand dollars, or so much thereof as may be necessary; said bonds shall be for the face value of said warrants, in such denomina- tions as the said Board of Liquidation shall recommend, and shall be dated July 1st, 1898, and made payable twenty-five years after date, or earlier, at the option of said board, and shall bear four per cent, per annum interest, payable semi-annually, and repre- sented by interest coupons attached tliereto, the first of said coupons payable January 1st, 1899 ; said bonds to be known as Judicial Expense Fund Bonds, and to be signed by the Mayor and Comptroller of the City of New Orleans, and delivered to the Board of Liquidation of the City Debt and shall be countersigned by the presi- dent and secretary of said board and issued by said board to the holders of said warrants upon surrender of same. Neither the State of Lou- isiana nor the City of New Orleans shall ever be liable for the payment of said bonds nor the interest thereon, except from the special fund herein provided for, and any appropriation or other provision therefor made by the State or city shall be null and void. There shall be stamped across the face of said bonds the words: "Issued in accordance with Article 156 of the Constitution of Lou- isiana of 1898." The clerk of the Civil District Court, register of conveyances and recorder of mortgages for the Parish of Orleans, and the clerks of the City Courts of New Orleans, shall keep accurate and detailed accounts in books to be used exclusively for that purpose, of all fees and charges collected in their offices, respectively; and they shall furnish, daily, to the city comptroller, transcripts of said accounts duly certified by them or by their authority, and said officers shall also daily pay into the treasury of the City of New Orleans the whole amount of fees and charges so collected. From the amounts thus paid into the City Treasury, the Treasurer shall set apart and reserve twenty per cent, out of which shall first be paid the expenses necessary for the preparation and execution of the aforesaid bonds, and thereafter the same shall be used solely and exclu- sively to retire the bonds issued in payment of said Judicial Expense Fund Warrants and interest thereon, and the certificates of the Comp- troller hereinafter authorized; and upon the second Tuesday in De- cember and June of every year the said Treasurer shall pay said amounts so reserved, and also the amounts received from the Civil Sheriff, to the Board of Liquidation of the City Debt, until all the bonds herein authorized have been retired or paid; and on the second Tuesday in February and August of every year, said Board of Liquidation, in accordance with rules to be adopted and made public by it, shall, after paying the seiri-annual interest on said bonds, purchase or redeem with such money thus set apart as may have accumulated, and with the surplus of the remaining eight per cent, as hereinafter provided, as CONSTITUTION OF 1898. 265 many of said bonds as said money will buy or redeem, preference being given to holders oHenng at the lowest rate; and all such bonds so purchased or redeemed shall be by said Board of Liquidation immedi- ately canceled, and a record made thereof. From the remaining eighty per cent, of said fund there shall be paid monthly the current salaries and expenses of the offices from which same is derived, including the salary of the docket and min- ute clerks of the Court of Appeal, as now constituted and until the electiou of the clerk of the said court, as above provided, together with such authorized expenses of said offices as are not required to be paid by the City of New Orleans; and the surplus of said eighty per cent., if any, shall be paid by the Treasurer to the said Board of Liquidation, and shall be used to redeem or pay said bonds and certificates as herein- before and hereinafter provided. But if said eighty per cent., during the six months ending July 31st, or January 31st of any year, should prove inadequate to pay said salaries and expenses, the comptroller shall prorate the deficit among those entitled to payment, and shall issue certificates therefor in sums not less than ten dollars, which shall bear interest at the rate of four per cent, per annum from date, and shall be paid from the funds herein set apart and reserved only after all the bonds issued in payment of outstanding war- rants shall have first been redeemed or paid. All disbursements from said fund for stationery shall be made upon the requisitions of the officers requiring same; said requisitions to be approved by the Mayor of the City of New Orleans ; and in all cases such disbursements and all salaries shall be paid by the treasurer of the City of New Orleans upon warrants drawn against said fund by the comptroller of said city, approved, so far as the Civil District Court is concerned by the presiding judge thereof, for the office of the recorder of mortgages and the office of the register of conveyances, by the Mayor of the City of New Orleans, and for the offices of the respective City Courts by the judge or judges thereof, and for the officers of the Court of Appeal by one of the judges thereof. Until the full and final payment of all of said bonds and certificates hereinbefore provided for, the salaries of the employes of the various offices hereinafter named shall remain as now fixed by law, and there shall be no increase in the number of employes now authorized by law for the offices of recorder of mortgages or register of conveyances unless otherwise ordered by the Civil District Court sitting en banc; and the number of employes of the Civil District Court shall be as determined by a majority of the judges thereof. The clerks of the First and Second City Courts, until the organiza- tion of the City Courts hereinbefore provided for, may each appoint with the approval of the judge thereof, an additional deputy clerk at fifty dollars per month, but no other employes, nor larger salaries than those now fixed by law, shall be allowed to the City Courts. The said Board of Liquidation hereinbefore named shall have the 266 CONSTITUTION OF 1898. right to reject any and all bids made for the redemption of bonds issued as hereinabove provided, and should there be no bids, or none be accepted, then said Board of Liquidation, on the second Tuesday in February and August of each year, with whatever amount has been paid to said Board by the Treasurer as herein provided, shall, after paying the interest, pay said bonds in numerical order. After the payment of all of said bonds, the twenty per cent, reserve herein provided, and any surplus of the remaining eighty per cent, shall be used by the City Treasurer in paying the certificates herein pro- vided for, if any, in the order of their issue. When said Judicial Expense Fund Bonds and Comptroller's certificates, if any of the latter shall be issued, shall have been retired and canceled, the salaries and expenses of the various ofiices affected by this article and the revenue of said ofiices shall be regulated and disposed of as may be determined by the General Assembly. This article shall take effect from the last day of the current month in which this Constitution is adopted, and all amounts arising from the Judicial Expense Fund, which shall remain in the hands of the State Treasurer on that date, shall be paid by him to the Board of Liqui- dation of the City Debt, and be used by said board as part of the funds hereinabove referred to. Abt. 157. Vacancies occurring from any cause in the judicial offices of the Parish of Orleans or City of New Orleans, shall be filled by appointment by the Governor, with the advice and consent of the Senate, for the unexpired term. Art. 158. The fact that the officers and deputies herein provided for are paid by the City of New Orleans shall not make them officers or employes thereof. GENERAL PROVISIONS. Art. 159. No person shall be permitted to act as a juror, who, in due course of law, shall have been convicted of treason, perjury, forgery, bribery or other crime punishable by imprisonment in the penitentiary, or who shall be under interdiction. Art. 160. Members of the General Assembly and all officers, before entering upon the duties of their respective offices, shall take the fol- lowing oath or affirmation: T (A. B.) do solemnly swear (or affinn) that I will support the Constitution and laws of the United States and the Constitution and laws of this State; and that I will faithfully and impartially discharge and perform all the duties incumbent on me as , according to the best of my ability and understanding. So help me God." Art. 161. The seat of government slfall be and remain at the City of Baton Rouge. Art. 162. Treason against the State shall consist only in levying war against it, or adhering to its enemies, giving them aid and comfort. CONSTITUTION OF 1898. ■ 267 No person shall be convicted of treason except on the testimony of two witnesses to the same overt act, or his confession in open court. Art. 1G3. All civil officers shall be removable by an address of two-thirds of the members elected to each House of the General Assem- bly, except those whose removal is otherwise provided for by this Constitution. Art. 164. No member of Congress, nor person holding or exer- cising any office of trust or profit under the United States, or any State, or under any foreign power, shall be eligible as a member of the General Assembly, or hold or exercise any office of trust or profit under the State. Art. 165. The laws, public records, and the judicial and legisla- tive written proceedings of the State, shall be promulgated, preserved and conducted in the English language; but the General Assembly may provide for the publication of the laws in the French language, and provide that judicial advertisements, in certain designated cities and parishes, shall also be made in that language. Art. 166. No ex-post facto law, nor any law impairing the obli- gations of contracts, shall be passed, nor vested rights be divested, unless for purposes of public utility, and for adequate compensation previously made. Art. 167. Private property shall not be taken nor damaged for public purposes without just and adequate compensation being first paid. Art. 168. No power of suspending the laws if this State shall be exercised unless by the General Assembly, or by its authority. Art. 169. The GeneralAssembly shall provide by law for change of venue in civil and criminal cases. Art. 170. No person shall hold or exercise, at the same time, more than one office of trust or profit, except that of justice of the peace or notary public. Art. 171. The General Assembly may determine the mode of filling vacancies in all offices, for the filling of which provision is not made in this Constitution. Art. 172. All officers shall continue to discharge the duties of their offices until their successors shall have been inducted into office, except in case of impeachment or suspension. Art. 173. The military shall be in subordination to the civil power, and no soldier shall, in time of peace, be quartered in any house without the consent of the owner. Art. 174. The General Assembly shall make it obligatory upon every parish to support all infirm, sick and disabled paupers residing within its limits; provided, that every municipal corporation to which the powers of the police jury do not extend, shall support its own infirm, sick and disabled paupers. Art. 175. No soldier, sailor or marine, in the service of the United States, shall hereafter acquire a domicile in this State by reason of being stationed or doing duty in the same. Art. 176. It shall be the duty of the General Assembly to pass 268 ■ CONSTITUTION OF 1898. such laws as may be proper and necessary to decide differences by arbitration. Art. 177. The power of the courts to punish for contempt shall be limited by law. Art. 178. Lotteries, and the sale of lottery tickets, are prohibited in this State. Art. 179. In all proceedings or indictments for libel, the truth thereof may be given in evidence. The jury in all criminal cases shall be the judges of the law and of the facts on the question of guilt or in- nocence, having been charged as to the law applicable to the case by thft presiding judge. Art. 180. No officer whose salary is fixed by the Constitution shall be allowed any fees or perquisites of office, except where otherwise pro- vided for by this Constitution. Art. 181. The regulation of the sale of alcoholic or spirituous liquors is declared a police regulation, and the General Assembly may enact laws regulating their sale and use. Art. 182. No person who, at any time, may have been a collector of taxes, whether State, parish, or municipal, or who may have been otherwise entrusted with public money, shall be eligible to the General Assembly, or to any office of honor, profit, or trust, under the State gov- ernment, or any parish, or municipality thereof, until he shall have obtained a discharge for the amount of such collections, and for all public moneys with which he may have been entrusted; and the Gen- eral Assembly is empowered to enact laws providing for the suspension of public officials charged with the collection of public money, when such officials fail to account for same. Art. 18b. Any persoii. who shall, directly or indirectly, offer to give any sum, or sums, of money, bribe, present, reward, promise, or any other thing to any officer. State, parochial, or municipal, or to any member or officer of the General Assembly, with the intent to induce or influence such officer, or member of the General Assembly, to appoint any person to office, to vote or exercise any power in him vested, or to per- form any duty of him required, the person giving or offering to give, and the officer, or member of the General Assembly, so receiving any money, bribe, present, reward, promise, contract, obligation, or security, with the intent aforesaid, shall be quilty of bribery, and on being found guilty thereof by any court of competent jurisdiction, or by either House of the General Assembly of which he may be a member or officer, shall be forever disqualified! from holding any office. State, parochial, or municipal, and shall be forever ineligible to a seat in the General Assembly; provided that this shall not be so construed as to prevent the General Assembly from enacting additional penalties. Art. 184. Any person may be compelled to testify in any lawful proceeding against any one who may be charged with having committed the offense of bribery, and shall not be permitted to withhold his tes- timony upon the ground that it may criminate him or subject him to CONSTITUTION OF 1898. 269 public infamy; but such testimony shall not afterwards be used against him in any judicial proceedings, except for perjury in giving such testimony. Art. 185. The General Assembly shall pass laws to protect laborers on buildings, streets, roads, railroads, canals, and other similar works, against the failure of contractors and sub-contractors to pay their cur- rent wages when due, and to make the corporation, company, or indi- vidual, for whose benefit the work is .done, responsible for their ultimate payment. Art. 186. No mortgage or privilege on immovable property shall affect third persons, unless recorded or registered in the parish where the property is situated, in the manner and within the time as is now or may be prescribed by law, except privileges for expenses of last illness and privileges for taxes. State, parish, or municipal; provided, such tax liens, mortgages, and privileges, shall lapse in three years from the 31sl day of December, in +he year in which the taxes are levied, and whether now or hereafter recorded. Art. 187. Privileges on movable property shall exist without regis- tration of the same, except in such cases as the General Assembly may prescribe by law. Art. 188. Gambling is a vice, and the Legislature shall pass laws to suppress it. Art. 189. The pernicious practice of dealing or gambling in futures on agricultural products or articles of necessity, where the intention of the parties is not to make an honest and bona fide delivery, is declared to be against public policy; and the Legislature shall pass laws to suppress it. Art. 190. It shall bo unlawful for persons or corporations, or their legal representatives, to combine or conspire together, or to unite or pool their interests for the purpose of forcing up or down the price of any agricultural product or article of necessity, for speculative pur- poses; and the Legislature shall pass laws to suppress it. Art. 191. No member of the General Assembly, or public officer, or person elected or appointed to a public office under the laws of this State, shall directly or indirectly, ask, demand, accept, receive, or consent to receive, for his own use or benefit, or for the use or benefit of another, any free pass, free transportation, franking privilege, or discriminating in passenger, telegraph, or telephone rates, from any person or corpora- tion, or make use of the same himself or in conjunction with another. Any person who violates any provision of this Article shall forfeit his office, at the suit of the Attorney-General, or the District Attorney, to be brought at the domicile of the defendant, and shall be subject to such further penalty as may be prescribed by law. Any corporation, or officer, or agent thereof, who shall give, or offer, or promise, to a public officer any such free pass, free transporta- tion, franking privilege, or discrimination, shall be liable to punishment for each- offense by a fine or five hundred dollars, to be recovered at the 270 CONSTITUTION OF 1898. suit of the Attorney-General, or District Attorney, to be brought at the domicile of the officer to whom such free pass, free transportation, franking privilege, or discrimination, was given, offered, or promised. No person, or officer, or agent, of a corporation, giving any such free pass, free transportation, franking privilege, or discrimination, hereby prohibited, shall be privileged from testifying in relation thereto; but he shall not be liable to civil or criminal prosecution therefor, if he shall testify to the giving of the same. Art. 192. Whenever the General Assembly shall authorize a suit against the State it shall provide in the act authorizing the same, that such suit be instituted before the District Court at the State Capital; that citation to answer such suit shall be served both upon the Governor and the Attorney-General; that the Supreme Coiirt of the State shall have appellate jurisdiction in such suit, without regard to the amount involved; that the only object of such suit, and the only effect of the judgment therein, shall be a judicial interpretation of the legal rights of the parties for the consideration of the Legislature in making ap- propriations; that the burden of proof shall rest upon the plaintiff or claimant to show that the claim sued upon is a legal and valid obliga- tion of the State, incurred in strict conformity to law, not in viola- tion of the. Constitution of the State or of the United States, and for a valid consideration, and that all these things shall be affirmatively declared by the Supreme Court before any judgment is recognized for any purpose against the State. Art. 193. Prescription shall not run against the State in any civil matter, unless otherwise provided in this Constitution, or expressly by law. Art. 194. There shall be appointed by the Governor, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, a State Examiner of State Banks, who shall be an expert accountant, and who shall make examinations of all State banks at least twice in every year. His term of office shall be four years and the Legislature shall define his duties and fix his compensation. Art. 195. The New Basin Canal and Shell Road, and their appur- tenances, shall not be leased, nor alienated, nor shall the Carondelet Canal and Bayou St. John, and their appurtenances, be leased, or alien- ated when they shall come into the possession of the State. Art. 196. The General Assembly may authorize the employment under State supervision and the proper officers and employes of the State, of convicts on public roads or other public works, or convict farms, or in manufactories owned or controlled by the State, under such provisions and restrictions as may be imposed by law, and shall enact laws necessary to carry these provisions into effect; and no convict sentenced to the State penitentiary shall ever be leased, or hired to any person, or persons, or corporation, private or public, or quasi-public, or board, save as herein authorized. This article shall take effect upon the expiration of the penitentiary lease, made pursuant to Act No. 114, approved July 10th, 1890. CONSTITUTION OF 1898. 271 SUFFRAGE AND ELECTIONS. Art. 197. Every male citizen of this State and of the United States, native born or naturalized, not less than twenty-one years of age, and possessing the following qualifications, shall be an elector, and shall be entitled to vote at any election in the State by the people, except as may be herein otherwise provided. Sec. 1. He shall have been an actual bona-fide resident of this State for two years, of the parish one year and of the precinct in which he offers to vote six months next preceding the election; provided, that removal from one precinct to another in the same parish shall not operate to deprive any person of the right to vote in the precinct from which he has removed, until six months after such removal. Sec. 2. He shall have been at the time he offers to vote, legally enrolled as a registered voter on his personal application, in accordance with the provisions of this Constituion, and the laws enacted thereunder. The qualifications of voters and the registration laws in force prior to the adoption of this Constitution shall remain in force until Decem- ber 31st, 1898, at which date all the provisions of this Constitution rel- ative to suffrage, registration and election, except as hereinafter otherwise provided, shall go into effect, and the General Assembly shall, and is hereby directed, at its regular session in 1898, to enact a general regis- tration law to carry into effect the provisions of this Consittuion relative to the qualifications and registration of voters. Sec. 3. He shall be able to read and write, and shall demonstrate his ability to do so when he applies for registration, by making, under oath administered by the registration officer or his deputy, written appli- cation therefor, in the English language, or his mother tongue, which application shall contain the essential facts necessary to show that he is entitled to register and vote, and shall be entirely written, dated and signed by him, in the presence of the registration officer or his deputy, without assistance or suggestion from any person or any memorandum whatever, except the form of application hereinafter set forth; pro- vided, however, that if the applicant be unable to write his application in the English language, he shall have the right, if he so demiands, to write the same in his mother tongue from the dictation of an inter- preter; and if the applicant is unable to write his application by reason of ■ physical disability, the same shall be written at his dictation by the registration officer or his deputy, upon his oath of such disability. The application for registration, above provided for, shall be a copy of the following form, with the proper names, dates and numbers sub- stituted for the blanks appearing therein, to-wit: I am a citizen of the State of Louisiana. My name is I was born in the State (or country) of , Parish (or county) of , on the .... day of , in the year .... I am now .... years, .... months and .... days of age. I have resided in this State since . . . ., in this parish , and in Precinct No , of 272 CONSTITUTION OF 1898. Ward Xo , of this parish, since . .. ., and I am not disfranchised by any provision of the Constitution of this State. Sec. 4. If he be not able to read and write, as provided by Sec- tion three of this article, then he shall be entitled to register and voie if he shall, at the time he offers to register, be the bona fide owner of property assessed to him in this State at a valuation of not less than tliree hundred dollars on the assessment roll of the current year in which he offers to register, or on the roll of the preceding year, if the roll of the current year shall not then have been completed and filed, and on which, if such property be personal only, all taxes due shall have been paid. The applicant for registration under this section shall m^ake oath before the registration officer or his deputy, that he is a citizen of the United States and of this State over the age of twenty-one years; that he possesses the qualifications prescribed in section one of this article, and that he is the owner of property assessed in this State to him at a valuation of not less than three hundred dollars, and if such property be personal only, that all taxes due thereon have been paid. Sec. 5. No male person who was on January 1st, 1867, or at any date prior thereto, entitled to vote under the Constitution or statutes of any State of the United States, wherein he then resided, and no son or grandson of any such person not less than twenty-one years of age at the date of the adoption of this Constitution, and no male person of foreign birth, who was naturalized prior to the first day of January, 1S98, shall be denied the right to register and vote in this State by reason of his failure to possess the educational or property qualifications prescribed by this Constitution ; provided, he shall have resided in this State for five years next preceding the date at which he shall apply for registration, and shall have registered in accordance with the terms of this article prior to September 1, 1898, and no person shall be entitled to register under this section after said date. Every person claiming the benefit of this section shall make applica- tion to the proper registration officer, or his deputy, for registration, and he shall make oath before such registration officer or his deputy in the fonn following, viz. : I am a citizen of the United States and of this State, over the age of twenty-one years; I have resided in this State for five years next preceding this date. I was on the .... day of entitled to vote under the Constitution or statutes of the State of , herein I then resided (or, I am the son, or grandson) i)f , who was on the .... day of entitled to vote under the Constitution or statutes of the State of , wherein he then resided, and I desire to avail myself of the privileges conferred by section 5 of Article 197 of the Constitution of this State. A separate registration of voters applying under this section, shall be made by the registration officer of every parish, and for this purpose the registration officer of every parish shall keep his office open daily, Sundays and legal holidays excepted, from May 16th, 1898, until August CONSTITUTION OF 1898. 273 31st, 1898, both included, during the hours prescribed by Act No. 89 of the Genofal Assemblly of 1896. lu every parish, except the jarish of Orleans, he shall keep his office at the courthouse at least during the months of May, June and August, and during the month of July, he shall keep it for at least one day at or near each polling place, giving thirty days' notice thereof by publication. The registration of voters under this section shall close on the 31st day of August, 1898, and inmiediately thereafter the registration officer of every parish shall make a sworn copy, in duplicate, of the list of persons registered . under this section, showing in detail whether the applicant registered as a voter of 1867, or prior thereto, or as the son of such voter, or as the grandson of such voter, and deposit one of said duplicates in the office of the Secretary of State, to be by him recorded and preserved as a part of the permanent records of his office, and the other of said duplicates shall be by him filed in the office of the Clerk of the District Court of the parish, and in the parish of Orleans, in the office of the Recorder of Mortgages, there to remain a permanent record. All persons whose names appear on said registration lists shall be admitted to register for all elections in this State without possessing the educational or property qualification prescribed by this Constitution, unless otherwise disqualified, and all persons who do not by personal appli- cation claim exemption from the provisions of sections 3 and 4 of this arti- cle before September 1st, 1898, shall be forever denied the right to do so. The Legislature shall, at its first session after the adoption of thid Constitution, provide the manner in which persons whose names appear upon said registration lists shall hereafter register, which mode may be diiferent from that required for persons registering under the other sections of this article; and shall also provide a remedy whereby sub- sequently to the close of said registration on August 31st, 1898, the names of any persons who may have obtained registration under this sec- tion by false statements of fact or other fraud, shall by appropriate pro- ceedings be stricken from said roll. Art. 198. No person less than sixty years of age shall be permitted to vote at any election in the State who shall not, in addition to the quali- fications above prescribed, have paid on or before the 31st day of December, of each year, for the two years preceding the year in which he offers to vote, a poll tax of one dollar per annum, to be used exclu- sively in aid of the public schools of the parish in which such tax shall have been collected; which tax is hereby imposed on every male resident of this State between the age of twenty-one and sixty years. Poll taxes shall be a lien only upon assessed property, and no process shall issue to enforce the collection of the same except against assessed property. Every person liable for such tax shall, before being allowed to vote, exhibit to the Commissioners of Election his poll tax receipts for two years, issued on the official form, or duplicates thereof, in the event of loss, or proof of payment of such poll taxes may be made by a certi- 274 CONSTITUTION OF 1898, ticate of the tax collector, which shall be sent to the Commissionerg of the several voting precincts, showing a list of those who have paid said two years' poll taxes as above provided, and the dates of payment. It is hereby declared to be forgery, and punishable as such, for any tax collector or other person, to antedate, or alter, a poll tax receipt. Any person who shall pay the poll tax of another or advance him money for that purpose, in order to influence his vote, shall be guilty of bribery and punished accordingly. The provisions of this section as to the pay- ment of poll taxes shall not apply to persons who are deaf and dumb, or blind, nor to persons under twenty-three years of age, who have paid all poll taxes assessed against them. This section shall not go into (Operation until after the general State election to be held in the year 3 900, and the Legislature elected in the year 1908 shall have au- thority to repeal or modify the same. Art. 199. Upon all questions submitted to the tax-payers, as such, of any municipal or other political subdivision of this State, the qual- ifications of such tax payers as voters shall be those of age and residence prescribed by this article, and women tax payers shall have the right to vote at all such elections, without registration, in person or by their agents, authorized in writing; but all other persons voting at such elections shall be registered voters. Art. 200. No person shall vote at any primary election or in any convention or other political assembly held for the purpose of nomi- nating any candidate for public office, unless he is at the time a regis- tered voter. And in all political conventions in this State the appor- tionment of representation shall be on the basis of population . Art. 201. Any person possessing the qualifications prescribed by Section 3 or 4 of Article 197 of this Constitution, who may be denied registration, shall have the right to apply for relief to the District Court having jurisdiction of civil causes for the parish in which he offers to register, and the party cast in said suit shall have the right of appeal to the Supreme Court; and any citizen of the State shall have a like right to apply to said courts, to have stricken off any names illegally placed on said registration rolls under Sections 3 and 4 of Article 197, and such applications and appeals shall be tried by said courts by preference, in open court or at chambers. The General Assembly shall provide by law for such applications and appeals without cost, and for the prosecution of all persons charged with illegal or fraudulent regis- tration or voting, or any other crime or offense against the registration or election or primary election laws. Art. 202. The following persons shall not be permitted to register, vote or hold any office or appointment of honor, trust or profit in thi3 State, to-wit: Those who have been convicted of any crime punish- able by imprisonment in the penitentiary, and not afterwards pardoned with express restoration of franchise; those who are inmates of any charitable institution, except the Soldiers' Home; those actually con- CONSTITUTION OF 1898. 275 fined in any public prison; all indicted persons, and all persons no- toriously insane or idiotic, whether interdicted or not. Art. 203. In all elections by the people the electors shall vote by ballot, and the ballots cast shall be publicly counted. In all elections by persons in a representative capacity, the vote shall be viva-voce. Art. 204. Electors shall, in all cases except treason, felony or breach of the peace, be privileged from arrest during their attendance on elections, and in going to and returning from the same. Art. 205. The General Assembly shall by law forbid the giving or selling of intoxicating drinks, on the day of any election, or primary election, within one mile of any polling place. Art. 206. Until otherwise provided by law, the general State elec- tion shall be held once every four years on the Tuesday next following the third Monday in April. Presidential electors and members of Congress shall be chosen or elected in the manner and at the time prescribed by law. Art. 207. Parochial elections, except in the City of New Orleans, shall be held on the same day as the general State election, and not oftener than once in four years. In the City of New Orleans parochial and municipal elections shall be held on the Tuesday following the first Monday of November, 1899, and of every fourth year thereafter, but the General Assembly may change the date of said election after the year 1899; provided, that the parochial and municipal elections shall be held together, and shall always be on a day separate and apart from the General State Election and not oftener than once in four years. The municipal and parochial officers in the City of New Orleans shall take their offices on the first Monday in the month of May following their election, until otherwise provided by law. Art. 208. For the purpose of voting, no person shall be deemed to have gained a residence, by reason of his presence, or lost it by reason of his absence, while employed in the service, either civil or military, of this State or of the United States; or while engaged in the navigation of the waters of the State or of the United States; or of the high seas; or while a student of any institution of learning. Art. 2(09. The General Assembly shall provide by law for the trial and determination of contested elections of all public officers, whether State, judicial, parochial or municipal (except Governor and Lieutenant Governor), which trials shall be by the courts of law and at the domicile of the party defendant. Art. 210. No person shall be eligible to any office, State, judicial, parochial, municipal or ward, who is not a citizen of this State and a duly qualified elector of the State, judicial district, parish, municipality or ward, wherein the functions of said office are to be performed. And whenever any officer, State, judicial, parochial, municipal or ward, may change his residence from this State, or from the district, parish, municipality or ward in which he holds such office, the same shall thereby 276 CONSTITUTION OF 1898. be vacated, any declaration of retention of domicile to the contrary notwithstanding. Art. 211. Returns of elections for all civil officers who are to bo commissioned by the Governor shall be made to the Secretary of State, unless otherwise provided in this Constitution. Art. 212. All elections by the people, except primary elections and municipal elections in towns having a population of less than twenty-fivi; hundred, when such elections are not held at the same time as general State elections, shall be by official ballot, printed and distributed at the expense of the State; and, until otherwise provided by law, such ballots shall have printed thereon, and at the head and immediately pre- ceding the list of names of the candidates of each political party or nominating paper, a specific and separate device by which the political party and the candidates of such political party or nominating paper may be indicated. By stamping such device at the head of the list of candidates of each political party, or nominating paper, the voter may indicate that his vote is for the entire or straight ticket of the particular party or nominating paper employing the particular device allotted to such political party, or nominating paper. When the voter does not desire to vote an entire or straight party ticket, he may vote for candidates of any political party or nominating paper, by stamping a blank space to be left opposite the name of each candidate on said official ballot. The General Assembly shall provide some plan by which the voters may prepare their ballots in secrecy at the polls. This article shall not be construed so as to prevent the names of independent candidates from being printed on the ballots with a device; and names of candidates may be written on the ballot. These provisions shall not apply to elec- tions for the imposition of special taxes, for which the General Assem- bly shall provide special laws. Art. 213. Electors shall not be registered within thirty days next preceding any election at which they may offer to vote, but applications to the courts, and appeals may be heard and determined, and revision take place at any time prior to the election, and no person who, in respect to age and residence, would become entitled to vote within the said thirty days, shall be excluded from registration on account of his want of qualifications at the time of his application for registration. Art. 214. The Legislature shall provide for the registration of voters throughout the State. Art. 215. The Legislature shall enact laws to secure fairness in party primary elections, conventions, or other methods of naming party candidates. Art. 216. Li the trial of contested elections and in proceedings for the investigation of elections, and in all criminal trials under the elec- tion laws, no person shall bp permitted to withhold his testimony on the grounds that he may criminate himself or subject himself to public CONSTITUTION OP 1898. 277 infamy, but such testimony shall not be used against him in any judi- cial proceedings except for perjury in giving such testimony. IMPEACHMENT AND KEMOVAL FKOM OFFICE. Art. 217. The Governor, Lieutenant Governor, Secretary of State. Auditor, Treasurer, Attorney General, Superintendent of Public Edu- cation, Railroad Commissioners, and the Judges of all the Courts of Record in this State, shall be liable to impeachment for high crimes and misdemeanors, for nonfeasance or malfeasance in office, for in- competency, for corruption, favoritism, extortion or oppression in office, or for gross misconduct, or habitual drunkedness. Art. 218. The House of liepresentatives shall have the sole power of impeachment. All impeachments shall be tried by the Senate; when sitting for that puipose, the Senators shall be upon oath or affirmation, and no person shall be convicted without the concurrence of two-thirds of the Senators present. When the Governor of the State is on trial, the Chief Justice or the senior Associate Justice of the Supreme Court shall preside. The Senate may adjourn the trial of any impeachment from time to time, as it may deem proper, and may sit for the purpose of such trial whether the House of Representatives or the Legislature be in session or not. Judgment in cases of impeachment shall extend only to removal from office and disqualification from holding any office of honor, trust or profit, vmder the State, but the party, whether convicted or acquitted, shall nevertheless be liable to prosecution, trial and punishment according to law. Art. 219. All officers against whom articles of impeachment are preferred, except the Governor, shall be suspended from office during the pendency of such imi)eachment, and the appointing power shall make a provisional appointment to replace any suspended officer until the decision of the impeachment. Art. 220. For any reasonable cause, whether sufficient for im- peachment or not, the Governor shall remove any officer on the address of two-thirds of the members elected to each house of the General Assem- bly. In every such case, the cause or causes for which such removal may be required shall be stated at length in the address and inserted in the Journal of each House. Art. 221. For any of the causes specified in Art. 217, Judges of the Courts of Appeal, and of the District Courts throughout the State may be removed from office by judgment of the Supreme Court, which is hereby vested with original jurisdiction to try such cases. The suit for removal may be instituted by the Attorney General or District At- torney, whenever in his opinion sufficient cause exists therefor; and it is hereby made the duty of the Attorney General or District Attorney to in- stitute such suit wlienever instructed in writing by the Governor so to do. 278 CONSTITUTION OF 1898. or on the written request and information of twenty-five citizens and tax payers residing within the territorial limits of the district or cir- cuit over which the judge against whom the suit is brought exercises the functions of his ofiice. Such suits shall be tried after citation and ten day's delay for answering, in preference to all other suits, and wherever the court may be sitting; but the pendency of such suit shall not operate a suspension from office. In all cases where the officer sued, as above directed, shall be acquitted, and where the suit is instituted on the request and information of citizens, judgment shall be rendered jointly and in solido against the citizens signing the request, for all costs of the suit. Judgments in cases of removal under this article shall extend not only to removals from office and disqualification from hold- ing any office of honor, trust, or profit under the State, but also to dia- qualifieation for the practice of law, and the party, whether convicted or not, shall nevertheless be liable to prosecution, trial and punishment according to law. Art. 222. For any of the causes enumerated in Article 217, mem- bers of the State Board of Appraisers, except the Auditor, Railroad Commissioners, District Attorneys, Clerks of Courts, Sheriffs, Coroners, Justices of the Peace, Judges of the City Courts, and of other inferior Courts of the City of New Orleans and elsewhere, and all other parish, municipal and ward officers, may be removed by judgment of the Dis- trict Court of the domicile of such officer (in the Parish of Orleans the Civil District Court.) The District Attorney may, whenever in his opinion sufficient cause exists therefor, institute such suit, and it shall be his duty (except when the suit is to be brought against himself), to institute such suit on the written request and information of twenty- five resident citizens and taxpayers, in the case of members of the State Board of Appraisers, Railroad Commissioners, district, parish, or muni- cipal officers, and of ten resident citizens and taxpayers in the case of ward officers. Such suit shall be brought against a District Attorney upon such written request and information by the District Attorney of an adjoining district, or by counsel appointed by the judge for that purpose. In all suits instituted under this article the defendant, the State and the citizens and taxpayers, on whose information, and at whose request such suit may have been brought, or any one of them, shall have the right to appeal, both on the law and the facts, from the judg- ment of the Court. In all cases where the officer sued, as above directed, shall be acquitted, judgTnent shall be rendered jointly and in solido against the citizens signing the request, for all costs of the suit. In cases against members of the State Board of Appraisers, Railroad Commisioners, District Attorneys, Clerks and Sheriffs, the appeal shall be to the Supreme Court, and in case against all other officers the appeal shall be to the Court of Appeal of the proper circuit. Such appeals shall be returnable within ten days to the appellate court wherever it n^ay be sitting or wherever it may hold its next ses- sion, and may l>e transferred by order of the judges of said court to CONSTITUTION OF 1898. 279 another parish within their circuit, and such appeals shall be tried by preference over all others. In case of the refusal or neglect of the Dis- trict Attorney or Attorney General to institute and prosecute any suit provided for in this and the preceding article, the citizens and taxpayers making the request, or any one of them, shall have the right by man- damus to compel him to perform such duty. The institution and pendency of suits brought under this articli^ shall not operate a suspension of the d'efendaut from office. Art. 223. On the recommendation of the Auditor or the Police Jury of any parish, the Governor may suspend any officer charged with the collection or custody of public funds when in arrears. EEVENUE AND TAXATION. Art. 224. The taxing power may be exercised by the General Assem- bly for State purposes, and by parishes and municipal corporations and public boards, under authority granted to them by the General Assem- bly, for parish, municipal, and local purposes, strictly public in their nature. Art. 225. Taxation shall be equal and uniform throughout the ter- ritorial limits of the authority levying the tax, and all property shall he taxed in proportion to its value, to be ascertained as directed by law; provided, the assessment of all property shall never exceed the actual cash value thereof; and provided, further, that the tax payers shall have the right of testing the correctness of their assessments before the courts of justice. In order to arrive at this equality and uniform- ity, the General Assembly shall, at its first session after the adoption of this Constitution, provide a system of equality and uniformity iu assessments based upon the relative value of property in the dif- ferent portions of the State. The valuations put upon property for the purposes of State taxation shall be taken as the proper valuation for purposes of local taxation, iii every subdivision of the State. Art. 226. There shall be a State Board of Appraisers, composed of the Auditor, and six other members, to be elected for four years by the Governor, Lieutenant Governor, Treasurer, Attorney General, and Secretary of State, one from each Congressional District, whose duty it shall be to assess the property belonging to corporations, asso- ciations and individuals employed in railway, telegraph, telephone, sleeping car and express business. The General Assembly shall fix the compensation of said board. Art. 227. The taxing power shall be exercised only to carry on and maintain the government of the State and the public institutions thereof, to educate the children of the State, to preserve the public health, to pay the principal, and interest of the public debt, to suppress insurrection, to repel invasion or defend the State in time of war, to provide pensions for indigent Confederate soldiers and sailors, and thei"* widows, to establish markers or monuments upon the battlefields of the country commemorative of the services of Louisiana soldiers on such 280 CONSTITUTION OF 1898. fields, to maintain a memorial hall in New Orleans for the collection and preservation of relies and memorials of the late Civil Wat, ind for levee purposes, as hereinafter provided. Art. 228. The power to tax corporations and corporate 'operty shall never be surrendered nor suspended by act of the General Assembly. Art. 229. The General Assembly may levy a license tax, and in such case shall graduate the amount of such tax to be collected from the persons pursuing the several trades, professions, vocations, and callings. All persons, associations of persons and corporations pursuing any trade, profession, businet oi calling, may be rendered liable to such tax, except clerks, laborers, clergymen, school teachers, those engaged in mechanical, agricultural, horticultural, and mining pursuits, and manu- facturers other than those of distilled, alcoholic or malt liquors, tobacco, cigars, and cotton seed oil. No political corporation shall impose a greater license tax than is imposed by the General Assembly for State pui-poses. This restriction shall not apply to dealers in distilled, alco- holic or malt liquors. The General Assembly shall have authority to provide that muni- cipalities levying license taxes equal in amount to those levied by police juries for parochial purposes, shall be exempted from the payment of such parochial licenses. Art. 230. The following shall be exempt from taxation, and no other, viz: All public property, places of religious worship, or burial, all charitable institutions, all buildings and property used exclusively for public monuments or historical collections, colleges and other school purposes, the real and personal estate of any public library, and that of any other library association used by or connected with such library, all books and philosophical apparatus, and all paintings and statuary of any company or association kept in public hall; provided, the prop- erty so exempted be not leased for purposes of private or corporate profit and income. There shall also be exempt from taxation household property to the value of five hundred dollars. There shall also be exempt from parochial and municipal taxation for a period of ten years from the 1st day of January, 1900, the capital, machinerj and other property employed in mining operations, and in the manufacture of textile fabrics, yarns, rope, cordage, leather, shoes, harness, saddlery, hats, clothings, flour, machinery, articles of tin, copper and sheet iron, agricultural implements, and furniture and other articles of wood, marble or stone; soap, stationery, ink and paper, boat building and fertilizers and chemicals ; provided, that not less than five hands are employed in any one factory; provided, that nothing herein contained shall affect the exemptions provided for by existing constitutional provisions. There shall also be exempt from taxation for a period of ten years from the date of its completion any railroad or part of such railroad that may hereafter be constructed and completed prior to January 1st, 1904; provided, that when aid has heretofore been voted by any parish, ward, or munioipality to any railroad not yet constructed, such railroad shall not be entitled to the exemption from taxation herein established. CONSTITUTION OF 1898. 281 unless it waives and relinquishes such aid or consents to a resubmis- sion of the question of granting such aid to a vote of the property tax payers of the parish, ward, or municipality, which has voted the samv^, if one-third of such property tax payers petition for the same within six months after the adoption of this Constitution. And provided, further, that this exemption shall not apply to double tracks, sidings, switches, depots or other improvements or betterments, which may be constructed by railroads now in operation within the State, other than extensions or new lines constructed by such railroads; nor shall the exemption hereinabove granted apply to any railroad or part of such railroad, the construction of which was begun and the road bed of which was substantially completed at the date of the adoption of this constitution. The property or real estate belonging to any military organization of the State of Louisiana which is used by the State National Guard or militia for military purposes, such as arsenals or armories, while so used, shall be exempt from taxation. Art. 231. The General Assembly shall levy an annual poll tax of one dollar upon every male inhabitant in the State between the ages of twenty-one and sixty years, for the maintenance of the public schools in the parishes where collected. Art. 232. The State tax on property for all purposes whatever, including expense of government, schools, levees and interest, shall not exceed, in any one year, six mills on the dollar of its assessed valua- tion, and, except as otherwise provided in this Constitution, no parish, municipal or public board tax for all purposes whatsoever, shall exceed in any one year ten mills on the dollar of valuation ; provided, that for giving additional supiwrt to public schools, and for the purpose of erecting and constructing public buildings, public school houses, bridges, wharves, levees, sewerage work and other works of permanent public improvement, the title to which shall be in the public, any parish, muncipal corporation, ward or school district may levy a special tax in excess of said limitation, whenever the rate of such increase and the number of years it is to be levied and the purposes for which the tax is intended, shall have been submitted to a vote of the property taxpayers of such parish, municipality, ward or school district entitled to vote under the election laws of the State, and a majority of the same in numbers, and in value voting at such election shall have voted therefor. A_RT. 233. There shall be no forfeiture of property for the non- payment of taxes, State, levee district, parochial or municipal, but at the expiration of the year in which said taxes are due the collector shall, without suit, and after giving notice to the delinquent in the manner to be provided by law, advertise for sale in the- official journal of the parish, city or municipality, provided there be an official journal in such parish, city or municipality, the property on which the taxes are due in the manner provided for judicial sales, and on the day of sale he shall sell such portion of the property as the debtor shall point out; 282 CONSTITUTION OF 1898. and in case the debtor shall not point out sufficient property, the col- lector shall, at once and without further delay, sell the least quantity of property which any bidder will buy for the amount of the taxes, interest and costs. The sale shall be without appraisement, and the property sold shall be redeemable at any time for the space of one year, by paying the price given, including costs, and twenty per cent, thereon. No judgment annulling a tax sale shall have effect until the price and all taxes and costs paid, with ten per cent, per annum interest on the amount of the price and taxes paid from date of respective payments, be pre- viously paid to the purchaser; provided, this shall not apply to sales an- nulled on account of taxes having been paid prior to the date of sale, or dual assessments. All deeds of sale made, or that may be made, by the collectors of taxes, shall be received by courts in evidence as prima facie valid sales. No sale of property for taxes shall be set aside for any cause, except on proof of dual assessment, or of payment of the taxes for which the property was sold prior to the date of the sale, unless the proceeding to annul is instituted within six months from service of notice of sale, which notice shall not be served until the time of redemp- tion has expired, or within three years from the adoption of this Con- stitution, as to sales already made and within three years from tho date of recordation of the tax deed, as to sales made hereafter, if no notice is given. The manner of notice and form of proceeding to quiet tax titles shall be provided by law. Taxes on movables shall be collected by seizure and sale by the tax collector of the movable property of the delinquent, whether it be the property assessed or not, sufficient to pay the tax. Sale of such property shall be made at public auction, without appraisement, after ten day's advertisement, made within ten days from date of seizure, and shall be absolute and without redemption. If the tax collector can find no corporeal movables of the delinquent to seize, he may levy on incorporated rights, by notifying the debtor thereof, or he may proceed by summary rule in the courts to compel tho- delinquent to deliver up for sale property in his possession or under his control. Art. 234. The tax shall be designated by the year in which it is collectable, and the tax on movable property shall be collected in the year in which the assessment is made. Art. 235. The Legislature shall have power to levy, solely for the support of the public schools, a tax upon all inheritances, legacies, and donations; provided, no direct inheritance, or donation, to an ascendant or descendant, below ten thousand dollars in amount or value shall bo so taxed ; provided further, that no such tax shall exceed three per cent, for direct inheritances and donations to ascendants or descendants, and ten per cent, for collateral inheritances, and donations to collaterals or strangers; provided, bequests to educational, religious ,or charitable insti- tutions shall be exempt from this tax. Art. 236. The tax provided for in the preceding aitfcle shall not CONSTITUTION OF 1898. 283 be enforced when the property donated or inherited shall have borne it3 just proportioa of taxes prior to the time of such donation or inheritance. Art. 237. The Legislature shall pass no law postponing the payment of taxes, except in case of overflow, general conflagration, general destruc- tion of crops, or other public calamity. Art. 238. A levee system shall be maintained in the State, and a tax not to exceed one mill may be levied annually on all property subject to taxation, and shall be applied exclusively to the maintenance and repairs of levees. Art. 239. The General Assembly may divide the State into Levee Districts, and provide for the appointment or election of Levee Com- missioners in said districts, who shall, in the method and manner to be provided by law, have supervision of the erection, repair, and mainte- nance of the levees in said districts; to that effect the Levee Commis- sioners may levy a tax not to exceed ten mills on the taxable property situated within the alluvial portions of said districts subject to over- flow; provided, that in case of necessity to raise additional funds for the purpose of constructing, preserving, or repairing any levees pro- tecting the lands of a district, the rate of taxation herein limited, may be increased, when the rate of such increase and the necessity and purpose for which it is intended shall have been submitted to a vote of the property tax payers of such district, paying taxes for themselves, or in any representative capacity, whether resident or non-resident, on property situated within the alluvial portion of said district subject to overflow, and a majority of those in number and value, voting at such election, shall have voted therefor. The Boards of Commissioners of the several levee districts, when authorized so to do by the State Board of Engineers, shall have full power and authority to contract with and permit any steam railroad corporation to construct, maintain, freely use and operate on the public levees, a railroad track or tracks; the supervision, control and general police power over such levees, however, to remain in and with the several levee boards. Provided, that nothing herein contained shall be construed as divesting either the General Assembly or the municipal government of any incorporated town or city in this State of the jurisidction, control, or police power now vested in them, or either of them; and provided further, that no right or privi- lege shall be granted to any one or more railroad companies which shall preclude like grants to other companies willing to contribute pro rata to the common expense, incurred or to be incurred. The several levee districts of the State, for the purpose of refunding the bonds heretofore issued by them under authority granted by the Legislature, and in order that they may negotiate to better advantage that portion of their authorized issue of bonds not yet disposed of, may issue bonds in lieu of said bonds outstanding or not yet disposed of. The Legislature shall pass an act to carry this provision into effect, but bonds issued under this provision shall not bear rate of interest greater than five per cent., or be disposed of at less than par, and it 284 CONSTITUTION OF 1898, shall not be obligatory on the holders of the said outstanding bonds to give up the same in exchange before the maturity thereof. All the provisions of this article are held to apply to the levee district of which the City of iNew Orleans forms, or may hereafter form, a Ijart; provided, that nothing herein shall be construed as affecting any existing legislation upon the subject of the taxing power of the com- missioners of said district, or as affecting the power of the Legisla- ture, under the Constitution of 1879, and the amendments thereto, with respect to such power. Art. 240. The provisions of the above two articles shall cease to have effect whenever the Federal government shall assume permanent control and provide the ways and means for the maintenance of levees in this State. The Federal government is authorized to make such geological, topographical, hydrographical and hydrometrical surveys and investigations within the State as may be necessary to carry into effect the Act of Congress to provide for the appointment of a Mississippi River Commission for the improvement of said river, from the head of Passes near its mouth to the headwaters, and to construct and protect such public works and improvements as may be ordered by Congress under the provisions of said act. ' Art. 241. The General Assembly shall have power, with the con- currence of an adjacent State or States, to create levee districts composed of territory partly in this State and partly in an adjacent State or States, and the Levee Commissioners for such district or districts shall possess all the powers provided by Article 239 of the Constitution. Art. 242. Corporations, companies or associations organized or domiciled out of the State, but doing business therein, may be licensed and taxed by a mode different from that provided for home corporations or companies; provided, said different mode of license shall be uniform, upon a graduated system, and said different mode of taxation shall be equal and uniform as to all such corporations, companies or associations that transact the same kind of business. Art. 243. All the articles and provisions of this Constitution regu- lating and relating to the collection of State taxes and tax sales shall also apply to and regulate the collection of parish, district, municipal, board and ward taxes. HOMESTEAD EXEMPTIONS. Art. 244. There shall be exempt from seizure and sale by any process whatever, except as herein provided, and without registration, the home- stead, bona fide, owned by the debtor and occupied by him, consisting of lands, not exceeding one hundred and sixty acres, buildings and appur- tenances, whether rural or urban, of every head of a family, or person having a mother or father, or a person or persons dependent on him or her for support ; also two work horses, one wagon or cart, one yoke of oxen, two cows and calves, twenty-five head of hogs, or one thousand pounds of bacon or its equivalent in pork, whether the exempted objects CONSTITUTION OF 1898. 285 be attached to a homestead or not, and on a farm the necessary quantity of corn and fodder for the current year, and the necessary farming imple- ments, to the value of two thousand dollars. Provided, that in case the homestead exceeds two thousand dollars in value, the beneficiary shall be entitled to that amount in case a sale of the homestead under any legal process realizes more than that sum. ; No husband shall have the benefit of a homestead whose wife owns and is in the actual enjoyment of property or means to the amount of two thousand dollars. The benefit of this exemption may be claimed by the surviving spouse, or minor child or children, of a deceased beneficiary. Art. 245. Eights to homesteads or exemptions, under laws or con- tracts, or obligations existing at the time of the adoption of this Consti- tution, shall not be impaired, repealed or affected by any provision of this Constitution, or any laws passed in pursuance thereof. This exemption shall not apply to the following debts, to-wit: 1st. For the purchase price of property or any part thereof. Qd. For labor, money, and material furnished for building, repair- ing or improving homesteads. 3d. For liabilities incurred by any public officer, or fiduciary, or any attorney at law, for money collected or received on deposit. 4th. For taxes or assessments. 5th. For rent which bears a privilege upon said property. No court or ministerial officer of this State shall ever have jurisdiction or authority to enforce any judgment, execution or decree against the property ex- empted as a homestead, except the debts above mentioned in numbers one, two, three, four and five, of this article ; provided, the property herein declared exempt shall not exceed in value two thousand dollars. Art. 246. The right to sell any property that is exempt as home- stead shall be preserved ; but no sale shall destroy or impair any rights of creditors therein. Any person entitled to a homestead may waive the same by signing with his wife, if she be not separated a mensa et thoro, and having recorded in the office of the Recorder of Mortgages of his parish a written waiver of the same, in whole or in part. Such waiver may be either general or special, and shall have effect from the time of recording. Art. 247. The articles of this Constitution relating to homesteads and exemption shall take effect on January 1st, 1899, In the Parish of Orleans, the homestead to be valid shall be recorded as is now or may be provided by law. PUBLIC EDUCATION. Art. 248. There shall be free public schools for the white and colored races, separately established by the General Assembly, throughout the State, for the education of all the children of the State between the ages of six and eighteen years; provided, that where kindergarten schools exist, children between the ages of four and six may be admitted into said 286 CONSTITUTION OF 1898. schools. All funds raised by the State for the support of public schools, except the poll tax, shall be distributed to each parish in proportion to the ininiber of children therein between the ages of six and eighteen years. The General Assembly at its next session shall provide for the enumera- tion oi educablo children. Art. 249. There shall be elected by the qualified electors of the State a Superintendent of Public Education, who shall hold this office for the term of four years and until his successor is qualified. His duties shall be prescribed by law, and he shall receive an annual salary of two thou- sand dollars. The aggregate annual expenses of his office, including his salary, shall not exceed the sum of four thousand dollars. Art. 250. The General Assembly shall provide for the creation oi a State Board and Parish Boards of Public Education. The Parish Boards shall elect a Parish Superintendent of Public Education for their respec- tive parishes, whose qualifications shall be fixed by the Legislature, and who shall be ex-officio secretary of the Parish Board. The salary of the Parish Superintendent shall be provided for by the General Assembly, to be paid out of the public school funds accruing to the respective parishes. Art. 251. The general exercises in the public schools shall be con- ducted in the English language; provided, that the French language may be taught in those parishes or localities where the French language pre- dominates, if no additional expense is incurred thereby. Art. 252. The funds derived from the collection of the poll tax shall be applied exclusively to the maintenance of the public schools as organized under this Constitution, and shall be applied exclusively to the support of the public schools in the parish in which the same shall be collected, and shall be accounted for and paid by the collecting officer directly to the treasurer of the local school board. Art. 253. No funds raised for the support of the public schools of the State shall be appropriated to or used for the support of any private or sectarian schools; Art. 254. The school funds of the State shall consist of: 1st. Not less than one and one-quarter mills of the six mills tax levied and collected by the State. 2d. The proceeds of taxation for school purposes as pro- vided by this Constitution. 3d. The interest on the proceeds of all public lands heretofore granted or to be granted by the United States for the support of the public schools, and the revenue derived from such lands as may still remain unsold. 4th. Of lands and other property heretofore or hereafter bequeathed, granted or donated to the State for school purposes. 5th. All funds and property, other than unimproved lands, bequeathed or granted to the State, not designated for any other purpose. 6th. The proceeds of vacant estates falling under the law to the State of Louisiana. 7th. The Legislature may appropriate to the same fund the proceeds of public lands not designated or set apart for any other purpose, and shall provide that every parish may levy a tax for the public schools therein, which shall not exceed the entire State CONSTITUTION OF 1898, ' 287 tax; provided, that with such a lax the whole amount of parish taxes shall not exceed the limits of parish taxation fixed by this Constitution. The City of New Orleans shall make such appropriation for the support, maintenance and repair of the public schools of said city as it may deem proper, but not less than eight-tenths of one mill for any one year; and said schools shall also continue to receive from the Board of Liquidation of the City Debt the amounts to which they are now entitled under the Constitutional Amendment adopted in the year 1892. Art. 255. The Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, founded upon the land grants of the United States to endow a seminary of learning and a college for tlie benefit of agriculture and the meclianic arts, now established and located in the City of Baton Rouge, is hereby recognized; and all revenues derived and to be derived from the seminary fund, the Agricultural and Mechanical College fund, and other funds or lands donated or to be donated by the United States to the State of Louisiana for the use of a seminary of learning or of a college for the benefit of agriculture or the mechanic arts, shall be appro- priated exclusively to the maintenance and support of said Louisiana State L^niversity and Agricultural and Mechanical College; and the Gen- eral Assembly shall make such additional appropriations as may be neces- sary for its maintenance, support and improvement, and for the estab- lishment, in connection with said institution, of such additional scientific or literary departments as the public necessities and the well-being of the people of Louisiana may require; provided, that the appropriation shall not exceed fifteen thousand dollars per annum for its maintenance and support. The Tulane University of Louisiana, located in New Orleans, is hereby recognized as created and to be developed in accordance with the provisions of the legislative act. No. 43, approved July 5, 1884, and by approval of the electors, made part of the Constitution of the State. Art. 256. The Louisiana State Normal School, established and located at Natchitoches; the Industrial Institute and College of Louisi- ana, whose name is herebj' chnnged to the Louisiana Industrial Institute, established and located at Huston, and the Southern University, now established in the City of New Orleans, for the education of persons of color, are hereby recognized, and the General Assembly is directed to make such appropriations from time to time as may be necessary for the maintenance, support and improvement of these institutions; provided, that the appropriation for the maintenance and support of the Louisiana Industrial Institute shall not exceed fifteen thousand dollars per annum, and that for the Southern University shall not exceed ten thousand. Art. 257. The debt due by the State to the free school fund is hereby declared to be the sum of one million one hundred and thirty thou- sand eight hundred and sixty-seven dollars and fifty-one cents in principal, and shall be kept on the books of the Auditor and Treasurer to the credit of the several townships entitled to the same; the said principal being the proceeds of the sales of lands heretofore granted by the United Statea 288 • CONSTITUTION OF 1898. for the use and support of free public schools, which amount shall bo held by the State as a loan, and shall be and remain a perpetual fund, on which the State shall pay an annual interest of ioui per cent., and that said interest shall be paid to the several townships in the State entitled to the same, in accordance with the Act of Congress, No. 68, approved February 15th, 1843. Art. 258. The debt due by the State to the seminary fund is hereby declared to be one hundred and thirty-six thousand dollars, being the proceeds of the sale of lands heretofore granted by the United States to this State for the use of a seminary of learning, and said amount shall te kept to the credit of said fund on the books of the Auditor and Treasurer of the State as a perpetual loan, and the State shall pay an annual interest of four per cent, on said amount. Art. 259. The debt due by the State to the Agricultural and Mechan- ical College fund is hereby declared to be the sum of one hundred and eighty-two thousand three hundred and thirteen dollars and three cents, being the proceeds of the sale of lands and land scrip heretofore granted by the United States to this State for the use of a college for the benefil. of agricultural and mechanical arts; and said amount shall be kept to the credit of said fund on the books of the Auditor and Treasurer of the State as a perpetual loan, and the State shall pay an annual interest of five per cent, on said amount. Art. 260. The interest due on the free school fund, the seminary fund and the Agricultural and Mechanical College fund, shall be paid out of any tax that may be levied and collected for the payment of the interest on the State debt. Art. 261. All pupils in the primary grades in the public schools throughout the Parish of Orleans, unable to provide themselves with the requisite books, an affidavit to that effect having been made by one of the parents of such pupils, or if such parents be dead, then by the tutoo* or other person in charge of such pupils, shall be furnished with the necessary books, free of expense, to be paid for out of the school fund of said parish; and the School Board of the Parish of Orleans is hereby directed to appropriate annually. not less than two thousand dollars for the purpose named, provided such amount be needed. CORPORATIONS AND CORPORATE RIGHTS. Art. 262. The General Assembly shall not remit the forfeiture of the charter of any corporation now existing, nor renew, alter or amend the same, nor pass any general or special law for the benefit of such corporation, except upon the condition that such corporation shall there- after hold its charter subject to the provisions of this Constitution. Art. 263. The exercise of the police power of the State shall never be abridged nor so construed as to permit corporations to conduct their business in such manner as to infringe the equal rights of individuals or the general well-being of the State. CONSTITUTION OF 1898. 289 Art. 264. No domestic or foreign corporations shall do any business in this b^tate without having one or more known places of business and an authorized agent or agents in the State upon whom process may be served. Art. 265. No corporation shall engage in any business other than that expressly authorized in its charter or incidental thereto, nor shall it take or hold any real estate for a longer period than ten years, except such as may be necessary and proper for its legitimate business or purposes. Art. 266. No corporation shall issue stock or bonds, except for labor done or money or property actually received, and all fictitious issues of stock shall be void, and any corporation issuing such fictitious stock shall forfeit its charter. Art. 267. The stock shall neither be increased nor decreased, except in pursuance of general laws, nor without consent of persons holding the larger amount in value of the stock, first obtained at a meeting of stockholders to be held after thirty days' notice given in pursuance of law. Art. 268. The term corporation, as used in this Constitution, shall be construed to include all joint stock companies or associations having any power or privilege not possessed by individuals or partnership. Art. 269. It shall be a crime, the punishment of which shall b© prescribed by law, for any president, director, manager, cashier, or other oflficer or owner of any private or public bank or banking institution or other corporation accepting deposits or loans to assent to the reception of deposits, or the creation of debts by such banking institutions, after he shall have the knowledge of the fact that it is insolvent or in failing circumstances; any such ofiicer, agent or manager shall be individually responsible for such deposits so received and all such debts so created with his assent. Art. 270. The General Assembly shall have power to enact general laws authorizing the parochial, ward and municipal authorities of th« State, by a vote of the majority of the property tax payers in number entitled to vote under the provisions of this Constitution and in value, to levy special taxes in aid of public improvements or railway enter- prises; provided, that such tax shall not exceed the rate of five mills per annum, nor extend for a longer period than ten years; and provided further, that no tax payer shall be permitted to vote at such election unless he shall have been assessed in the parish, ward or municipality to be affected for property the year previous. Art. 271. Any railroad corporation or association organized for the purpose shall have the right to construct and operate a railroad between any points within this state, and connect at the State line with railroads of other States. Every railroad company shall have the right with its road to intersect, connect with or cross any other railroad, and shall receive and transport each other's passengers, tonnage and car.s, loaded or empty, without delay or discrimination. Art. 272. Railways heretofore constructed, or that may hereafter 290 CONSTITUTION OF 1898. be constructed in this State, are hereby declared public highways, and railroad companies common carriers. Art. 273. Every railroad or other corporation, organized or doing business in this State, under the laws or authority thereof, shall have and maintain a public office or place in this State for the transaction of its business, where transfers of stock shall be made, and where shall be kept for public inspection books in which shall be recorded the amount of capital stock subscribed, the names of owners of stock, the amounts owned by them respectively, the amount of stock paid, and by whom, the transfers of said stock, with the date of transfer, the amount of its assets and liabilities, and the names and places of residence of its officers. Art. 274. If any railroad company, organized under the laws of this State, shall consolidate, by sale or otherwise, with any railroad com- pany organized under the laws of any other State or of the United States, the same shall not thereby become a foreign corporation, but the courts of this State shall retain jurisdiction in all matters which may arise, as if said consolidation had not taken place. In no case shall any consolidation take place, except upon public notice of at least sixty days to all stockholders, in such manner as may be provided by law. Art. 275. General laws shall be enacted providing for the creation of private corporations, and shall therein provide fully for the adequate protection of the public and of the individual stockholder. Art. 276. The police juries of the several parishes and the con- stituted authorities of all incorporated municipalities of the State shall alone have the power of regulating the slaughtering of cattle and other live stock within their respective limits ; provided, no monopoly or ex- clusive privilege shall exist in this State, nor such business be restricted to the land or houses of any individual or corporation; provided, the ordinances designating the places for slaughtering shall obtain the concurrent approval of the Board of Health or other sanitary organization. PAROCHIAL AND MUNICIPAL CORPORATIONS. Art. 277. The General Assembly may establish and organize new parishes, which shall be bodies corporate, with such powers as may be prescribed by law, but no new parish shall contain less than six hundred and twenty-five square miles, nor less than seven thousand inhabitants: nor shall any parish be reduced below that area, or number of inhabitants. Art. 278. All laws changing parish lines, or removing parish seats, shall, before taking effect, be submitted to the electors of the parish or parishes to be affected thereby, at a special election held for that pur- pose, and the lines, or the parish seat, shall remain unchanged unless two-thirds of the qualified electors of the parish or parishes affected thereby vote in favor thereof at such election. Art. 270. Any parish may be dissolved and merged by the General Assembly into a contiguous parish or parishes, two-thirds of the quali- fied electors of the parish proposed to be dissolved voting in favor CONSTITUTION OF 1898. 291. thereof at an election held for that purpose ; provided, that the parish or parishes into which the dissolved parish proposes to become incorporated consents thereto by a majority of its qualified electors voting therefor. Art. 280. Whenever a parish shall be eidarged or created from territory contiguous thereto, it shall be entitled to a just proportion of the property and assets, and be liable for a just proportion of the existing debts or liabilities of the parish or parishes from which such territory shall have been taken. Art. 281. Municipal corporations, parishes, and drainage districta, the City of New Orleans excepted, when authorized to do so, by a vote of a majority in number and amount of the property taxpayers, qualified as electors under the Constitution and laws of this State, voting at an election held for that purpose, after due notice of said election has been published for thirty days in the official journal of the municipality or parish, and where there is no official journal, in a newspaper published therein, may incur debt, and issue negotiable bonds therefor, to the extent of one-tenth of the assessed valuation of the property within said municipal corporation, parish, or drainage district as shown by the last assessment made prior to the submission of the proposition to the property taxpayers, as above provided, and may be authorized by the property tax payers voting at said election, to le^vy and assess special taxes upon the property subject to taxation in the parish, drainage district or corporation ; provided, said taxes so imposed do not exceed five mills on the dollar of the assessed valuation in any one year, nor run for a greater number of years than the number named in the proposition submitted to the tax payers. No bonds shall be issued for any other purpose than stated in the submission of the proposition to the tax payers, and published for thirty days, as aforesaid, nor for a greater amount than therein mentioned; nor shall such bonds be issued for any other purpose than for paving and improving streets, roads and alleys, purchasing or constructing a system of water-works, sew- erage, drainage, lights, public parks and buildings, bridges and othe'* works of public improvement, the title to which shall vest in the muni- cipal corporation, parish or drainage district, as the case may be; nor shall such bonds run for a longer period than forty years from their date or bear a greater rate of interest than five per cent, per annum, or be sold by the municipal corporation, parish or drainage district issuing 5?ame for less than par. The municipal corporation, parish or drainage district issuing such bonds shall provide for the payment of the interest annually, or semi- annually, and the principal thereof at maturity; provided, that the total issue of bonds by any municipality, parish or drainage district, for all purposes shall never exceed ten per cent, of the assessed value of the property in such municipality, parish or drainage district. Provided, that drainage districts availing themselves of the provisions of this ordinance shall be limited to the rate of taxation herein fixed; and such districts shall be prohibited from levying contributions under the pro- 292 CONSTITUTION OF 1898. visions of existing laws, and provided, further, that nothing herein con- tained shall prevent drainage districts from being established under the provisions of existing laws. Akt. 282. Onc-hali of the net amount of all parish taxes and licenses, levied and collected within the corporate limits of the City of Baton Rouge, shall be paid over for the use of said city, by the officer collecting the same, to the officer charged with the custody of the funds of said city. RAILROAD, EXPRESS, TELEPHONE, TELEGRAPH, STEAM- BOAT AND SLEEPING CAR COMPANY COMMISSION. Art. 283. A Railroad, Express, Telephone, Telegraph, Steamboat and other Water Craft, and Sleeping Car Commission, is hereby created; lo be composed of three members, to be elected from the districts herein- after named, at the time fixed for the Congressional election of 1898. Of the three commissioners elected in the year 1898, one shall serve two years, one shall serve four years, and one shall serve six years, the period each is to serve to be determined by lot; thereafter the commissioners from each district shall be elected for a term of six years. ' They shall be known as the Railroad Commission of Louisiana. The Commission shall meet and open an office and have its domicile at Baton Rouge, and shall elect one of their number chairman, and may appoint a secretary at u salary of fifteen hundred dollars per annum, and may meet and hold regular or special hearings at such other places as they may find necessary. No member of this Convention shall be eligible to election cr appointment as a member of said Commission, prior to the year 1908. Art. 284. The power and authority is hereby vested in the Com- mission, and it is hereby made its duty, to adopt, change or make reason- able and just rates, charges and regulations, to govern and regulate rail- road, steamboat and other water craft, and sleeping car, freight and passenger tariffs and service, express rates, and telephone and telegraph charges, to correct abuses, and prevent unjust discrimination and extor- liun in tlio rates for the same, on the different railroads, seamboat and other water craft, sleeping car, express, telephone and telegraph lines of this State, and to prevent such companies from charging any greater compensation in the aggregate for the like kind of property or passen- gers, or messages, for a shorter than a longer distance over the same line, unless authorized by the Commission to do so in special cases; to require all railroads to build and maintain suitable depots, switches and appur- tenances, wherever the same are reasonably necessary at stations, and to inspect railroads and to require them to keep their tracks and bridges in a safe condition, and to fix and adjust rates between branch or short lines and the great trunk lines with which they connect, and to enforce the same by having the penalties hereby prescribed inflicted through the. proper courts having jurisdiction. The Commission shall have power to adopt and enforce such reason- CONSTITUTION OF 1898, 293 able rules, regulations, and modes of procedure, as it may deem proper for the discharge of its duties, and to hear and determine complaints that may be made against the classification or rates it may establish, and to regulate the mode and manner of all investigations and hearings of rail- road companies and other parties before it, in the establishment of rates, orders, charges, and other acts, required or authorized by these provis- ions. They shall have power to summon and compel the attendance of witnesses, to swear witnesses, and to compel the production of books and papers, to take testimony under commission, and to punish for contempt, as fully as is provided by law for the district courts. Art. 285. If any railioad, express, telephone, telegraph, steamboat and other water craft, or sleeping car company, or other party in interest, be dissatisfied with the decision or fixing of any rate, classification, rules, charge, order, act or regulation, adopted by the Commission, such party may file a petition setting forth the cause of objection to such decision, act, rule, rate, charge, classification or order, or to either or to all of them, in a court of competent jurisdiction, at the domicile of the Com- mission, against said Commission as defendant, and either party to said action may appeal the case to the Supreme Court of the State, without regard to the amount involved, and all such cases, both in the trial and appellate courts, shall be tried summarily, and preference over all other cases. Such cases may be tried in the court of the first instance either in chambers, or at term time; provided, all such appeals shall be returned to the Supreme Court within ten days after the decision of the lower court; and where the Commission appeals, no bond shall be required. No bond shall be required of said Commission in any case, nor shall advance costs, or security for costs, be required of the Commission. Art. 286. If any railroad, express, telephone, telegraph, steamboat, or other water craft, or sleeping car company, subject hereto, directly or indirectly, or by any special rate, rebate, or other advice, shall inten- tionally charge, demand, collect or receive from any person, firm or cor- poration, a greater or less compensation for any service rendered by it, than it charges, demands or receives from any other person, firm or corporation, for doing a like and contemporaneous service, or shall violate any of the rates, charges, orders or decisions of said Commission, such railroad, steamboat or other water craft, express, telegraph, telephone or other company, shall forfeit and pay to the State not less than one hundred dollars, nor more than five thousand dollars, to be recovered before any court of competent jurisdiction, at the suit of said Commis- sion, at the domicile of the Commission or of the company, or at the place where the complaint arises, at the option of the Commission. Provided, that whenever any rate, order, charge, rule or regulation of the Commission is contested in court, as provided for in Article 285 of this Constitution, no fine or penalty for disobedience thereto, or disregard thereof, shall be incurred until after said contestation shall have been finally decided by the courts, and then only for acts subsequently com- mitted. 294 CONSTITUTION OF 1898. The power of the Commission shall affect only the transportation of passengers, freight, express matter, and telegraph and telephone mes- sages, between points within this State, and the use of such instruments within this State. AuT. 287. Until otherwise provided by law, the members of the Commission shall each receive a salary of three thousand dollars per annum, payable monthly on his own warrant, and their actual traveling expenses, and those of their secretary; which expenses, and the salary of the latter, shall be paid on the warrant of the Chairman of the Com- mission on a sworn statement of their correctness. Nothing herein shall prevent the railroad, express, telegraph, tele- phone and steamboat or other water craft, or other companies, from serving free of cost, or at reduced rates, the State or any city, parish, or town government, or any charitable purpose, or any fair or exposition, or any destitute or indigent person, or the issuance of mileage or excursion tickets; nor to prevent railroads, steamboats or other water craft, from giving free transportation to ministers of religion, or inmates of hospitals, or to railroad oflScers, agents, employes, attorneys, stockholders or directors, unless otherwise provided by this Constitution. Art. 288. Upon the recommendation of the Commission the Legis- lature may add to or enlarge the powers and duties of said Commission, or confer other powers and duties on them. They may also provide additional clerical, or other assistance, that may be deemed necessary for the discharge of the duties of said Commission, and may add other penal- ties to make the work of said Commission effective. It shall be the duty of the Attorney General, and the various district attorneys, to aid said commission in all legal matters, for which they shall receive not exceeding 25 per cent, of all fines and forfeitures col- lected by them ; provided, the Commission may employ other attorneys in lieu of these officers on like terms. No person in the service of, or attorney for, any railway, express, telephone, telegraph, steamboat or other water craft, sleeping car com- pany or corporation, or pecuniarily interested in such company or cor- poration, shall hold the office of Commissioner. The fines collected, after paying the attorney's fees and the costs in suits, in which the Commission may be cast for costs, shall be paid into the State Treasury. Art. 289. The State is hereby divided into three Railway Commis- sion Districts, and one Commissioner shall be elected from each of said districts by a plurality of the voters of the respective districts. The First District shall comprise the parishes of Orleans, Plaquemines, St. Bernard, Jefferson. St. Charles, St. John the Baptist and St. James. The Second District shall comprise the parishes of Iberville, Ascension, Assumption. Lafonrcho, Terrebonne, St. Mary, Iberia, St. Martin, Lafay- ette. Vermilion, Cameron, Calcasieu, Avoyelles. St. Landry, Pointe, Coupe, West Feliciana, East Feliciana, West Baton Rouge, East Baton Rouge, St. Helena, Livingston, Tangipahoa, Washington, St. Tammany CONSTITUTION OF 1898. 295 and Acadia. The Third District shall comprise the parishes of Rapides, Vernon, Sabine, Grant, Natchitoches, Winn, Red River, DeSoto, Caddo, Bossier, Webster, Bienville, Concordia, Caldwell, Franklin, Tensas, Madison, Richland, Ouachita, Jackson, Lincoln, Union, Morehouse, East Carroll, West Carroll, Claiborne and Catahoula. RIPARIAN RIGHTS. AbT. 290. Riparian owners of property on navigable rivers, lakes, and streams, within any city or town in this State having a population in excess of five thousand shall have the right to erect and maintain on the batture or banks owned by them, such wharves, buildings and improve- ments as may be required for the purposes of commerce and navigation, subject to the following conditions, and not otherwise, to-wit: Such owners shall first obtain the consent of the Council, or other governing authority, and of the Board of Levee Commissioners, within whose muni- cipal or levee district jurisdiction such wharves, buildings, and improve- ments are to be erected, and such consent having been obtained, shall erect the same in conformity to plans and specifications which shall have been first submitted to, and approved by, the engineer of such Council, or other governing authority; and when so erected, such wharves, build- ings, and improvements shall be, and remain, subject to the administra- tion and control of such Council, or other governing authority, with respect to their maintenance and to the fees and charges to be exacted for their use by the public, whenever any fee or charge is authorized to be and is made; and shall be and remain subject to the control of such Board of Levee Commissioners, in so far as may be necessary for the maintenance and administration of the levees in its jurisdiction. The Council, or other governing authority, shall have the right to expropriate such wharves, buildings, and improvements, whenever necessary for public purposes, upon reimbursing the owner the cost of construction, less such depreciation as may have resulted from time and decay; such reim- bursement, however, in no case to exceed the actual market value of the property. Provided, that nothing in this article shall be construed as affecting the right of the State, or of any political subdivision thereof, or of the several Boards of Levee Commissioners to appropriate without compensation such wharves, buildings, and improvements, when neces- sary for levee purposes. The grants made by the City of New Orleans under the terms of Ordinance 11,7G5, Council Series, adopted January 14, 1896, author- izing the construction, use, and maintenance of wharves, structures, and improvements upon certain riparian property in the Sixth Municipal District, and other grants of the same nature made by the City of New Orleans to riparian owners with reference to their property, are recog- nized as necessary aids to the commerce of this State, and are hereby ratified, and declared to be lawful, but shall in no event be construed as conferring greater privileges or rights than might be conferred under 296 CONSTITUTION OF 1898. this article, or as releasing the riparian owners from the obligations herein imposed or which may have been imposed upon or assumed by such riparian owner by contract, municipal ordinance or otherwise. PUBLIC ROADS. Art. 291. The Police Juries of this iState may form their respective parishes into road districts; and in order to raise funds for the purposes of constructing, maintaining and repairing, the public roads and bridges of their parishes, they are authorized to set aside at least one mill per annum of the taxes levied by them, and to impose a per capita tax of not more than one dollar per annum upon each able-bodied male inhabitant of the parish between the ages of eighteen and hfty-hve years, and to levy an annual license of not less than twenty-five cents, nor more than one dollar per annum upon each vehicle, including bicycles kept and used for locomotion over public roads, in their respective parishes; which license may be graduated. The provisions of this article relative to the per capita tax shall not be operative in incorporated towns and cities that maintain their own streets. To carry into effect the provisions of this article the Police Juries may enact such ordinances of a civil nature as may be necessary to enforce the property and license tax, and of a criminal nature to enforce the per capita tax. Other taxes may be levied by the Police Juries for road and bridge purposes, not to exceed five mills for five years on the property of the parish, or any ward thereof, where the rate of taxation and the purpose thereof shall have been submitted to the property tax- payers of said ward or parish entitled to vote under the election laws of the State, and a majority in numbers and value of those voting at said election shall have voted in favor thereof. Art. 292. When any parish shall avail itself of the provisions of this article, the judge, in passing sentence on persons convicted of any offense, when the punishment imposed by law is imprisonment in the parish jail in the first instance, or in default of payment of fine, may sentence such persons to work on the public roads and bridges and any other public works of the parish ; and when the punishment prescribed by law is imprisonment in the penitentiary, he may sentence the persons so convicted to work on the public roads and bridges and other public works of the parish where the crime was committed, if the sentence actually imposed does not exceed six months. All fines and penalties imposed on persons for infringement of the any ordinance relative to roads and bridges, shall go, when collected, into the road and bridge fund of the parish. Art. 293. The Police Jury shall relieve from compulsory road duty all persons who have paid the road and bridge tax and license levied against them. Art. 294. The State Board of Engineers, whenever called on so to do, shall furnish the different road districts with plans and specifications CONSTITUTION OF 1898. 297 for public roads, and such assistance and advice as will tend to create a uniform system of public roads throughout the State. BOARD OF CHARITIES AND CORRECTIONS. Art. 295. The Legislature shall provide for a State Board of Charities and Corrections, which shall consist of six members, and of which the Governor shall be chairman ex-officio. Upon the organization of said Board, the Governor shall appoint one member for six years, one for five years, one for four years, one for three years, one for two years, and thereafter shall make appointments for six years, except in case of vacancy in office, when the appointment shall be made for the unexpired term. The members of the Board shall serve without compensation, but they shall be authorized to elect a secretary, who shall receive such salary as may be fixed by the Legislature. The State shall provide an office for said Board, and shall make provision from time to time for the payment of its expenses. The duties of the Board shall be strictly visitorial, without admin- istrative or executive powers. It shall visit and inspect all State, parish or municipal institutions which are of a charitable, eleemosynary, correc- tional, or reformatory character, and all private institutions of like char- acter utilized or aided by parochial or municipal authority, and all private insane asylums, whether so utilized or aided or not. The Board shall report annually to the Governor, and to the Legis- lature at each session thereof, the actual condition of all of the above institutions. They shall make such suggestions to the Governor and Legislature as may be necessary and pertinent ; provided, said suggestions are concurred in by a majority of the members of the Boards in control of each of said institutions. The officers in charge of said institutions shall furnish the Board such information and statistics as it may require. BOARDS OF HEALTH AND STATE MEDICINE. Art. 296. The General Assembly shall create for the State, and for each parish and municipality therein, Boards of Health, and shall defino their duties, and prescribe the powers thereof. The State Board of Health shall be composed of representative physicians from the various sections of the State. Until otherwise provided by law, both the President and Secretary of the State Board of Health shall be ex-officio members of the Board of Health for the City of New Orleans, the President of the State Board to be President of the local Board of the City of New Orleans. Art. 297. The General Assembly shall provide for the interest of State Medicine in all its departments; for the protection of the people from unqualified practitioners of medicine, and dentistry; protecting confidential communications made to medical men by their patients while under professional treatment and for the purpose of such treatment; for 298 CONSTITUTION OF 1898. protecting the people against the sale of injurious or adulterated drugs, foods and drinks, and against any and all adulterations of the general necessaries of life of whatever kinds and character. MILITIA. Art. 298. The General Assembly shall have authority to provide by law how the militia of this State shall be organized, officered, trained, armed and equipped, and of whom it shall consist. Art. 299. The officers and men of the militia and volunteer forces shall receive no pay, rations or emoluments, when not in active service by iiutliority of the State. Art. 300. The General Assembly may exempt from military service those who belong to religious societies whose tenents forbid them to bear arras; provided, a money equivalent for these services shall be exacted. Art. 301. The Governor shall have power to call the militia into active sei'vice for the preservation of law and order, or when the public service may require it; provided, that the police force of any city, town or parish, shall not be organized or used as a part of the State militia. PENSIONS. Art. 302. The Soldiers' Home of the State of Louisiana, known a.s Camp Nicholls, shall be maintained by the State, and the General Assembly shall make an appropriation for each year based upon the number of inmates in said home on the first day of April of the year in which said appropriation is made, of one hundred and thirty dollars per capita, for the maintenance and clothing of such inmates from which one dollar per month shall be allowed to each inmate for his personal use, and shall make such further appropriations for building, repairs, and incidentals, as may be absolutely necessary. Art. 303. A pension not to exceed eight dollars per month shall be allowed to each Confederate soldier or sailor veteran, who possess all of the following qualifications: 1st. He shall have served honorably from the date of his enlistment until the close of the late Civil War, or until he was discharged or paroled, in some military organization regularly mustered into the army or navy of the Confederate States, and shall have remained true to the Confederate States until surrender. 2nd. He shall be in indigent circumstances, and unable to earn a livelihood by his own labor or skill. 3rd. He shall not be salaried or otherwise provided for by the State of Louisiana, or by any other State or Government. In ease he enlisted in any organization mustered into said service as a Louisiana organization, or in case at the date of his enlistment he resided in the State of Louisiana, he shall have resided in the State for at least five years prior to his application for a pension. In case he resided elsewhere than in this State, and enlisted in an organization not CONSTITUTION OF 1898. 299 mustered in from Louisiana, or in the navy of the Confederate States, he shall have resided in this State for at least fifteen years prior to his application for such pension. A like pension shall be granted to the widow who shall not have married again, in indigent circumstances, of any soldier or sailor who, having entered the service of the Confederate States during the late Civil War, lost his life prior to June 1st, 1865, from wounds received, or disease contracted in such service; provided, that if her deceased husband served in an organization mustered in from Louisiana, or if he resided in Louisiana at the date of his enlistment, and has so resided for one year prior thereto, then in order that such widow shall be entitled to the pension as herein provided, she shall have resided in this State for at least five years prior to her application therefor; and if her deceased husband enlisted elsewhere than in Louisiana, and served in an organization not mustered in from Louisiana, such widow shall, iu order to entitle her to pension as herein provided, have resided in this State for not less than fifteen years prior to her application for sucli pension ; provided, further, that pensions, whether to veterans or to widows, shall be allowed only from the date of application under thi3 article, and the total appropriation for all pensions shall not exceed fifty thousand dollars in any one year. Art. 304. The General Assembly shall appropriate not less than twelve hundred dollars per annum for the maintenance in New Orleans of a Memorial Hall or repository for the collection and preservation of relics and mementoes of the late Civil War, and of other objects of interest, and shall be authorized to make suitable appropriations for the erection of monuments and markers on the battlefields of the countiy, commemmorative of the services, upon such fields, of Louisiana soldiers and commands. AGRICULTURE AND IMMIGRATION. Art. 305. The existing Bureau of Agriculture and Immigration shall hereafter be known as the Louisiana State Board of Agriculture and Immigration, and shall be recognized as an integral of the State govern- ment. Art. 306. The Louisiana State Board of Agriculture and Immigra- tion shall have the control and direction of all State agricultural organi- zations and State Farmers' Institutes, and shall adopt the needful measures for the securement of proper immigration. It shall also encourage State, district and parish fairs and local agricultural organizations, and shall maintain effective control of the manufacture or sale, in this State, of fertilizers and Paris green for the suppression of adulteration and fraud therein. It shall perform such other duties and shall have such other powers as shall be prescribed by the General Assembly. Art. 307. The said Board of Agriculture and Immigration shall consist of one member from each Congressional district, appointed by the Governor, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, from men 300 CONSTITUTION OF 1898. engaged in the leading agricultural interests of the State; the said members to hold their offices for six years, or until their successors an^ appointed. In the first appointment, which shall be made within sixty- days after the adjournment of this convention, the members from the first and fourth districts shall be appointed for two years; those from the second and fifth districts for four years; and those from the third and sixth districts for six years. The Governor of the State, the Commis- sioner of Agriculture and Immigration, the President of the State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, the Vice-President of the Board of Supervisors of the State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, and the Director of the State experimental stations are and shall be ex-officio members of this Board. The members of sail Board shall serve without compensation, except actual expenses incurred in attending the meetings. Art. 308. The paramount importance of our agricultural interest?, and the necessity of peopling with a desirable population the vast unoccupied areas of our fertile lands, require an enlargement of the duties and an expansion of the scope of the work of this Board, for which the General Assembly shall enact such laws as may be necessary to carry out the provisions of this article. CITY or NEW ORLEANS. Art. 309. There shall be seven Assessors in the City of New Orleans, who together shall compose the Board of Assessors for the parish of Orleans. One shall be appointed from each municipal district of the City of New Orleans, and they shall be residents of the districts from which they are appointed. There shall be seven State Tax Collectors for the City of New Orleans. One shall be appointed from each municipal district. They shall be residents of the districts from which they are appointed, and they shall maintain offices in their respective districts. The said Assessors and State Tax Collectors shall be appointed by the Governor, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, for the term of four years. The first appointments under this Constitution of said officers shall be after the general election in 1900. Art. 310. There shall be one coroner for the parish of Orleans, who shall be elected for four years by the qualified electors of said parish, and whose duties shall be fixed by law. He shall be ex-officio city physician of the City of New Orleans, and shall receive an annual salary of forty- eight hundred dollars. He shall be a practicing physician of said city and a graduate of the medical department of some university of recog- nized standing. He shall appoint two assistants, having the same quali- fications as himself; one at an annual salary of twenty-six hundred dollars, and one at an annual salary of six hundred dollars. Art. 311. The assistant, whose salary is hereby fixed at six hundred CONSTITUTION OF 1898. 301 dollars shall be a resident of the Fifth district of the parish or City of New Orleans and shall have his office in said district. The assistant, whose salary is fixed at twenty-six hundred dollars, shall be a resident of that portion of the City of New Orleans lying on the left bank of the Mississippi river. The provision shall take effect from and after the next general election. The salaries of the coroner and his assistants shall be paid by the City of New Orleans. Art. 312. Any person whose property has been appropriated within twelve months prior to the adoption of this Constitution, or whose prop- erty may hereafter be appropriated by the Orleans Levee Board for levee purposes, shall have a right of action against said Board in any court of competent jurisdiction for the value of said property, and whatever judg- ment may be finally rendered against the Board shall be paid out of the taxes collected by it in the same manner as other disbursements are made ; provided, that this shall not apply to batture property, nor to vacant property, where only a part thereof has been taken for levee purposes, and where the effect of the levee building would be to protect the remain- ing part of the same property; nor to any property on any part of the river front, the administration and control of which is vested, for the purposes of commerce, either in the State or city authorities, and on which improvements have been erected under grants from the City of New Orleans, or other authority, nor to the said improvements; provided, that said Board shall have power to appropriate property subject to such servitude, for levee building, as under existing laws, without making such compensation in advance. Art. 313. All surplus revenues of the City of New Orleans from the year 18*79 to the year 1895, both inclusive, except the surplus revenue dedicated to permanent public improvement, and to schools, by Act No. 110 of 1890, derived from the one per cent, tax levied under said act, shall be turned over by the city to the Board of Liquidation of the City Debt. Said Board shall redeem all claims evidenced by financial ordin- ance or judgment against the City of New Orleans, for debts arising and incurred between the years 18Y9 to 1895, both inclusive, payment of which has not heretofore been provided for out of the reserve and perma- nent public improvement funds of the city for the years 1893 to 1898, both inclusive, excepting therefrom the claims of school teachers for the years 1880 to 1884, payment of which has been authorized by Act No. 110 of 1890, and is now being provided for by the city, said claims or judg- ments to be purchased on the most reasonable terms offered by creditors within the period of eighteen months succeeding the date of the adoption of this Constitution, the said Board to invite proposals by public adver- tisements, to be made bi-monthly; provided, any and all bids may be rejected. For the purpose of such redemption the City of New Orleans, through the Board of Liquidation, is hereby authorized to issue bonds to the extent of two hundred and fifty thousand dollars, bearing four per cent, per annum interest, payable semi-annually in such denominations 302 CONSTITUTION OF 1898. as may be by said Board determined upon, maturing in fifty years from the date of issue, but subject to redemption by said Board in the reverso order of their issue at any time after sixty days' notice. Said Board is hereby authorized in its discretion to exchange said bonds for said claims against the city, evidenced by financial ordinances or judgments, or to sell said bonds and with the proceeds thereof pur- chase said claims; provided, that no sale of said bonds shall be made for less than par. Said Board of Liquidation shall, at any time it may be necessary, sell a sufficient number of the Constitutional Bonds of the City of New Orleans, now unsold, of the issue provided for by Act No. 110 of the General Assembly for the year 1890, and by the amendment to the Con- stitution of the State submitted to the people by said act and adopted at the general election in 1892, to provide for the payment of interest or principal of the bonds hereby authorized to be issued. Whenever the said Board of Liquidation shall have received from the surplus revenues of the City of New Orleans, as provided herein, sufficient funds to meet the issue of bonds hereby authorized in principal and interest, the remainder of the surplus revenues so turned over to the said Board shall revert to the city. Art. 314. The provisions of the amendment embodied in joint reso- lution of the General Assembly No. 110, approved July 8th, 1890, and thereafter ratified by the people and made part of the Constitution, are recognized as of full force and effect; the authority conferred upon the City of New Orleans and upon the Board of Liquidation of the City Debt, with respect to the issuance of constitutional bonds of the City of New Orleans, and to the levy and collection of a special ad valorem tax of one per cent, upon all the taxable property, real, personal and mixed, in said city, for the payment of said bonds, in principal and interest, and with respect to the manner of such payment, is confirmed, as are also all rights vested by said amendment in the present and future holders of said bonds, whether issued or to be issued; and no limitations imposed by other provisions of this Constitution upon the authority of the City of New Orleans shall be held to include, apply to or affect the taxing power herein contemplated and confirmed. Art. 315. The City of New Orleans is hereby authorized and required to examine into and assume payment of the obligations of the Board of Directors of the Public Schools of the Parish of Orleans for unpaid salaries, of school teachers and portresses and of other legitimate claims against said School Board, for the years 1882, 1883 and 1884, and for unpaid salaries of school teachers and portresses for the years 1885, 1880 and 1887, now in the hands of the original owners, who have in nowise parted with their rights of ownership, or pledged the same, as may be found by said city to be equitably due by said Board. All claims to be examined into and assumed by the City of New Orleans i.nler this Article shall be presented to and filed with the City Council CONSTITUTION OF 1898. 303 of said city within ninety days after the adoption of this Constitution, and not thereafter. Art. 316. The City Council shall issue certificates of indebtedness to the owners of said claims, when examined and found to be equitably due, and all such certificates shall be paid by the Board of Liquidation. If any of the claims aforesaid be rejected by the said City Council, the decision thereon may be reviewed by any court of competent juris- diction, and the judgment of the court thereon shall, if in favor of the claimant, be likewise paid by the Board of Liquidation. Art. 317. The funds requisite to pay said claims shall be provided by said Board of Liquidation by the sale of a sufficient number of the constitutional bonds of the City of New Orleans of the issue provided for by Act No. 110 of the General Assembly for the year 1890, and by the amendment to the Constitution of the State submitted to the people by said act and adopted at the general election in 1892. Art. 318. The General Assembly of the State of Louisiana is hereby authorized to amend Act No. 110 of 1890, confirmed by Constitutional amendment of 1892, providing for the refunding of the city debt so far only as to provide that in the further issue of bonds under said act within the limit of ten million dollars, provided for in said act, the City of New Orleans, through the Board of Liquidation, shall have authority to issue registered bonds and to authorize the exchange of registered bonds for equal amounts of outstanding four per cent, coupon bonds of the City of New Orleans issued under authority of said act, having the same time to run and at the same rate of interest, and provide for their registration and payment of interest. All registered bonds issued by the City of New Orleans under the amended act as herein provided shall have the same guarantees, and the holders of said bonds shall have the same privileges as are now secured by said act to the holders of coupon bonds. Said registered bonds shall be denominated Registered Constitutional Bonds of the City of New Orleans, Authorized by Act No. 110 of 1890, and Amendment thereto. Art. 319. The electors of the City of New Orleans, and of any political corporation which may be established within the territory now or which may hereafter be embraced within the corporate limits of said city, shall have the right to choose the public officers, who shall be charged with the exercise of the police power and with the administration of the affairs of said corporation in whole or in part. Art. 320. This article shall not apply to the Board of Liquidation of the City Debt, nor shall it be construed as prohibiting the establish- ment of boards of commissioners, the members of which are elected by the Council or appointed by the Mayor with the consent of the Council. As to all other existing boards or commissions aifected by it, said article shall take effect from and after the first municipal election which shall be held in the City of New Orleans after the adoption of this Constitu- tion; provided that nothing herein contained shall be so construed as to prevent the Legislature from creating boards of commissioners, whose 304 CONSTITUTION OF 1898. powers shall extend in and beyond the Parish of Orleans, or as affecting present boards of that character, or the Board of Directors of the Public Schools ; provided that hereafter, in creating any board with such powers, or in filling vacancies therein, at least two-thirds of the members thereof shall be from the City of New Orleans, and elected by the people or Council thereof, or appointed by the Mayor as hereinabove provided. AMENDMENTS TO THE CONSTITUTION. Art. 321. Propositions for the amendment of this Constitution may be made by the General Assembly at any session thereof, and if two- thirds of all the members elected to each house shall concur therein, after such proposed amendments have been read in such respective houses on three separate days, such proposed amendment or amendments, together with the yeas and nays thereon, shall be entered on the journal, and the Secretary of State shall cause the same to be published in two news- papers published in the Parish of Orleans and in one paper in each other parish of the State in which a newspaper is published, for two months pre- ceding an election for Representatives in the Legislature or in Congress, to be designated by the Legislature, at which time the said amendment or amendments shall be submitted to the electors for their approval or rejection; and, if a majority voting on said amendment or amendments shall approve and ratify the same, then such amendment or amendments so approved and ratified shall become a part of the Constitution. When more than one amendment shall be submitted at the same time, they shall be so submitted as to enable the electors to vote on each amendment sep- arately. The result of said election shall be made known by the proclam- ation of the Governor. CODE OF CRIMINAL LAW, PROCEDURE AND CORRECTION. Art. 322. It shall be the duty of the Governor to appoint a com- mission to prepare drafts of a code of criminal law, of a code of criminal procedure and of a code of criminal correction for this State. The drafts of such codes, when prepared, shall be promptly printed, and copies thereof shall be sent to each judge of this State, and to such other persons in or out of this State as the Governor may think proper, with the request V from him for suggestions and criticism. The Governor shall submit to the General Assembly of this State, first convened, after the lapse of one year from the distribution of the printed copies of said drafts as above, the said drafts, together with the report of the Commis- sion, and with a message from himself in which he shall embody and condense each suggestion he shall deem of use. And the General Assembly shall have power to adopt sai(! codes, with such amendments as they may deem advisable, by vote in each House, without complying with the formalities of readings and the other formalities required by the Consti- tution in the passage of statutes. No promulgation of said code shall be CONSTITUTIOK OF 1898. 305 required beyond its publication in book form after same shall have become a law. Art. 323. All amendments proposed in the General Assembly shall be proposed within the first thirty days after its convening, and no amend- ment shall be proposed after the lapse of that time. All amendments shall be referred to a joint committee of both Houses, consisting of two mem- bers from each House, with the Attorney General as ex-officio chairman. Only such amendments shall be voted on as shall be favorably reported by this committee, and each amendment shall be voted on separately. Art. 324. The Commission to prepare said drafts shall be composed of three lawyers of this State. The compensation of said Commissioners shall be fixed by the General Assembly. Said compensation to be payable only when the drafts have been prepared and submitted to the Governor; but the other expenses of the Commission shall be promptly paid as incurred, and the Governor is hereby warranted to draw on the General Fund for said compensation and for all the expenses of printing the said drafts, and for the other expenses incurred under this act. SCHEDULE. Art. 325. That no inconvenience may arise from the adoption of this Constitution, and in order to carry this Constitution into complete operation, it is hereby declared : First' — That all laws in force in this State at the time of the adoption of this Constitution, not inconsistent therewith, and constitutional when enacted, shall remain in full force and effect until altered or repealed by the General Assembly, or until they expire by their own limitation. All ordinances passed and ratified by this Convention and appended to the official original draft of the Constitution delivered to the Secretary of State shall have the same force and effect as if included in and constitut- ing a part of this Constitution. Second — All writs, actions, causes of action, proceedings, prosecu- tions and rights of individuals or bodies corporate, and of the State, when not inconsistent with this Constitution, shall continue as valid and in full force and effect. Third — The provisions of all laws, which are inconsistent with this Constitution, shall cease upon its adoption, except that all laws which are inconsistent with such provisions of this Constitution as require legisla- tion to enforce them shall remain in full force until such legislation is had. Fourth — All recognizances, obligations and all other instruments entered into or executed before the adoption of this Constitution, to the State or to any parish, city, municipality, board, or other public corpora- tion therein, and all fines, taxes, penalties, forfeitures and rights, due, owing or accruing to the State of Louisiana, or to any parish, city, muni- cipality, board or other public corporation therein, under the Constitution and laws heretofore in force, and all writs, prosecutions, actions and pro- ceedings, except as herein otherwise provided, shall continue and remain 306 CONSTITUTION OF 1898. unaffected by the adoption of this Constitution. All indictments and information which shall have been found or filed, or may hereafter be found or filed for any crime or offense committed before the adoption of this Constitution may be prosecuted as if no change had been made, except as herein otherwise provided. Fifth — All officers, executive, legislative and judicial. State, parish or municipal, who may be in office at the adoption of this Constitution, or who may be elected or appointed before the election or appointment of their successors, as herein provided, shall hold their respective offices until their terms shall have expired and until their successors are duly qualified, as provided in this Constitution, unless sooner removed, as may be provided by law, and shall receive the compensation now fixed by the Constitution and laws in force at the adoption of this Constitution, except as herein otherwise provided. Sixth — The Constitution of this State, adopted in 1879, and all amendments thereto, are declared to be superseded by this Constitution; provided, however, that no failure on the part of this Convention to re-enact and re-ordain any article or ordinance contained in the Consti- tution of 1879 upon any of the subjects upon which this Convention is by the act convening it prohibited from enacting, ordaining or framing any article or ordinance, shall be construed as in any manner impairing or affecting the provisions of the Constitution of 1879 upon the prohibited subjects. Seventh — The Supreme Court, Courts of Appeal and District Courts, provided for by this Constitution are declared to be and shall be construed to be the- same courts as those of the same name created by the Consti- tution of 1879, and all writs, orders and process issued from said courts, which shall be pending or in course of execution at the date when this Constitution goes into effect, together with all the records and archives of said courts, shall at once, by virtue of this article, be transferred to and held to be cases pending in and writs, orders and process issued from and in course of execution under the authority of, and records and archives, of said courts, respectively, as organized under this Constitution. Eighth — This Constitution, adopted by the people of the State of Louisiana in Convention assembled shall be in full force and effect from and after this 12th day of May, 1898, save and except as otherwise pro- ' vided in and by said Constitution. Art. 326. The first General Assembly meeting after the adoption of this Constitution is required to make a special appropriation to pay the debt which this Convention has contracted with the Louisiana National Bank, the Ilebernia National Bank and the New Orleans National Bank, of the City of New Orleans, with interest at 5 per cent, per annum from May 0th. 1898, until paid, and for which certificates are held by said banks, issuetl to them pursuant to an ordinance heretofore adopted by this Convention, and which said debt was incurred for the purpose of enabling this Convention to complete its work. There shall be printed in book or pamphlet form 1,500 copies of the AMENDMENTS TO CONSTITUTION OF 1898. 307 Journal of the Convention, and 5,000 copies of this Constitution, and each member of the Convention shall be entitled to eight copies of the Journal and twenty-five copies of the Constitution. The remaining copies shall be delivered to the Secretary of State, to be disposed of as may hereafter be ordered by the Legislature. Said General Assembly shall also make any appropriation required to pay any loans heretofore negotiated, or which may hereafter be nego- tiated by the Governor, pursuant to an ordinance heretofore adopted by this Convention, for the purpose of defraying the expenses of organiz- ing and mobilizing the State's quota of volunteers called for by the proc- lamation of the President of the United States, heretofore promulgated. Done in Convention, in the City of New Orleans, on the 12th day of May, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and ninety- eight and of the Independence of the United States of America the one hundred and twenty-second. E. B. KRUTTSCHNITT, President of the Convention. R H. SNYDER, First Vice-President of the Convention. S. McC. LAWRASON, Second Vice-President of the Convention. Attest : ROBERT S. LANDRY, Secretary of the Convention. FIRST AMENDMENT TO CONSTITUTION OF 1898. Act No. 4.) S. B. No. 3— By Mr. Cage. JOINT RESOLUTION. Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the State of Louisiana relative to ratifying and carrying into effect a special tax levied in the City of New Orleans for certain public improvements, and to establish therein public sys- tems of sewerage and water, the issuance of bonds therefor and the providing ways and means to pay the principal and interest of said bonds. ConBtitutional SECTION 1. Be it resolved by the General Assembly of the araendment to n i 111 be submitted at State of Louisiana, two-thirds of all the members elected to eralTlectfon^ each house concurring, that the following araendment to the ^P"''^-^-i^*^ Constitution of the State be submitted to the electors of the State at the next general election for Representatives in the Legislature, to be holden on the Tuesday next following the third Monday in April, A. D. 1900, to-wit : 308 AMENDMENTS TO CONSTITUTION OP 1898. Abtiule 1. "The special tax for public improvements, voted by the property taxpayers of tiae City of New Orleans Question to be on Jmie G, 18y9, and levied by the City Council, by Ordinance fj^^^"^ °" ^''''- No. 15,391, approved June 22, 1899, is hereby ratified, and its validity shall never be questioned. The special act adopted by the Legislature at the special session held on August 8, 1899, constituting the Sewerage and Water Board of the City of New Orleans, authorizing the City of New Orleans to issue bonds and providing the means to pay the principal and inter- est thereof, and for other puiposes cognate to the purposes of the special tax aforesaid, is hereby ratified and approved, spe- cially including the therein reserved legislative right to amend the same; and all provisions of the present Constitution in conflict with the provisions of said act and with this amend- ment are to that extent and for that purpose only repealed." Sec. 2. Be it further resolved, etc., that on the official ballots to be used at said election shall be placed the words, "For the City of New Orleans Public Improvement Amend- ment,"' and the words "Against the City of New Orleans Pub- lic Improvement Amendment," and each elector shall indicate, as provided in the general election laws of the State which of the propositions , for or against, he votes for. S. P. HENKY, Speaker of the Hon^e of Representatives. E. H. SNYDER, Lieutenant Governor and President of the Senate. Approved August 18th, 1899. MURPHY J. FOSTER, Governor of the State of Louisiana. A true copy: JOHN T. MICHEL, Secretary of State. SECOND AMENDMENT TO C^'ONSTITUTION OF 1898. Act No. 73.) H. B. No. 73— By Mr. B. T. Young. JOINT RESOLUTION. Proposing an Amendment to Article 803 of the Constitution of the State of Louisiana. Skctiox 1. Be it enacted by the General Assembly of the State of Louisiana, two-thirds of all members elected to each House concurring, That Article Three Hundred and Three of the Constitution of the State of Louisiana be so amended as to read as follows : Article 303. A pension not to exceed ($8) Dollars per month shall AMENDMENTS TO CONSTITUTION OF 1898. 309 be allowed to each Confederate soldier or sailor veteran, who possesses all of the following qualifications: 1st. He shall have served honorably from the date of his enlist- ment until the close of the late Civil War, or until he was discharged or paroled, in some military organization regularly mustered into the Army or Navy of the Confederate States, and shall have remained true to the Confederate States until the surrender. 2nd. He shall be in indigent circumstances, and unable to earn a livelihood by his own labor or skill. 3rd. He shall not be salaried or otherwise provided for by the State of Louisiana, or by any other State or Government. In case he enlisted in any organization mustered into said service as a Louisiana organization, or in cas eat the date of his enlistment he resided in the State of Louisiana, he shall have resided in this State for at least five years prior to his application for pension. In case he resided elsewhere than in this State, and enlisted in an organization not mus- tered in from Louisiana, or in the Navy of the Confederate States, he shall have resided in this State for at least fifteen years prior to his application for such pension. A like pension shall be granted to the widow who shall not have married again, in indigent circumstances, of such soldier or sailor whose marriage to her was contracted prior to January 1st, 1870, provided, that if her deceased husband served in an organization mus- tered in from Louisiana, or if he resided in Louisiana at the date of his enlistment, and has so resided for one year prior thereto, then in order that such widow shall be entitled to the pension as herein provided, she shall have resided in this State for at least five years prior to her appli- cation therefor; and if her deceased husband enlisted elsewhere than in Louisiana, and served in an organization not mustered in from Louisiana such widow shall, in order to entitle her to pension as herein provided, have resided in this State for not less than fifteen years prior to her appli- cation for such pension ; provided further that pensions whether to veter- ans or to widows shall be allowed only from the date of application undc this article and the total appropriations for all pensions shall not be lesn than fifty thousand dollars nor more than seventy-five thousand dollars in any one year; provided, that nothing in this Article shall be construed so as to prohibit the General Assembly from providing artificial limbs to disabled Confederate soldiers or sailors. Section 2. Be it further enacted, etc., That this proposed amend- ment be submitted to the qualified voters of the State of Louisiana for adoption or rejection, at the Congressional election to be holden in No- vember, 1900. J. y. SANDERS, Speaker of the House of Reprefsenfafives. ALBERT ESTOPINAL. Lieutenant-Governor and President of the Senate. Approved, July 6th, 1900. W. W. HEARD. Governor of the State of Louisiana. A true copy : JOHN T. MICHEL, Secretary of State. 10 PART II. TERRITORIAL AND STATE GOVERNMENTS. GOVERNORS OF LOUISIANA UNDER FRENCH RULE. Marquis de Sauvolle 1699-1700 Bienville 1701-1712 Lamothe Cadillar 1713-1715 De L'Epinay 1716-1717 Bienville 1718-1723 Boisbriant (ad interim) 1724 Perrier 1725-1731 Bienville 1732-1741 Marquis de Vautreuil 1742-1752 Baron de Kerelec 1753-1762 D'Abadie 1763-1766 UNDER SPANISH RULE. Antoine de Ulloa ■ 1767-1768 Alexander O'Reilley 1768-1769 Luis de Unzaga 1770-1776 Bernardo de Galvez 1777-1784 Estevan Miro 1785-1787 Francisco Luis Horter, Baron de Carondelet 1789-1792 Gayoso de Lemos 1793-1797 Sebastian y Caso Calvo y O'Farrill 1798-1799 Juan Manuel y de Salcedo 1801-1803 TERRITORY OF LOUISIANA. W. C. C. Claiborne 1804-1812 STATE OF LOUISIANA. W. C. C. Claiborne 1812-1816 Jacques Villere 1816-1820 Thomas Boling Robertson (resigned) 1820-1822 Henry S, Thibodaux, President of the Senate (acting governor) .1822-1824 Henry Johnson 1824-1828 Pierre Derbigny (died in office) 1828-1829 314 'J'ERKITUKIAL AND STATE (GOVERNMENTS. A. Beauvais, President of the Senate (acting Governor) 1829-1830 Jacques Dupre 1830-1831 Andre Bienvenu Roman 1831-1835 Edward White 1835-1839 Andre Bienvenu Roman 1839-1843 Alexandre Mouton 1843-184G Isaac Johnson 1846-1850 Joseph Walker 1850-1853 Paul O. Ilebert 1853-1856 Robert Charles Wickliffe 1856-1860 Thomas Overton Moore 1860-1864 Gen. G. F. Shepley, Military Governor 1862-1863 Henry Watkins Allen, under Confederate Government 1864-1864 Michael Hahn, under Federal Government 1864 James Madison Wells, President of Senate, (Acting Governor) .1864-1866 James Madison Wells 1866-1867 Benjamin Flanders, under military authority 1867-1868 Joshua Baker, under military authority 186S Henry Clay Warmoth 1868-1873 Jahn McEnery (counted out by the Returning Board) 1873 P. B. S. Pinchback, Lieutenant Governor, Acting Governor. .. . 1873 William Pitt Kellogg, Governor de jure 1873-1877 Francis T. Nicholls 1877-1879 Louis Alfred Wiltz (died in office) 1880-1881 Samuel Douglas McEnery, Lieutenant Governor, succeeded him as Governor ^, 1881-1884 Samuel Douglas McEnery 1884-1888 Francis T. Nicholls 1888-1892 Murphy James Foster 1892-1896 Murphy James Foster 1896-1900 Willinm Wright Heard 1900-1904 LOUISIANA CONGRESSMEN. (Territory organized March 3, 1805.) Ninth Congress— ]\rarch 4, 1805, to March 4, 1807 : Delegate: Daniel Clarke. Tenth Congress— Ma rdi 4, 1807, to March 4, 1809: Delegate: Daniel Clarke. Eleventh Congress— March 4, 1809, to March 4, 1811 : Delegate: Julien Poydras. Twelfth Congress— March 4, 1811, to March 4, 1813: Delegate: Julien Poydras, until Ajjril 8, 1S12, when Louisiana was ad- mitted into the Union. TERRITORIAL AXn STATE CiOVERXAf EXTS. 61.J Senators: (In class 3.) Allen B. Magruder, to serve from September 3, 1812, to March 4, 1813. (In class 2.) Jean Noel Destrehan, elected in December, 1811, to serve until March 4, '1817, but resigned before the State was admitted, and was succeeded by Thos. Lloyd Posey, the Gov- ernor's appointee, who served until December, 1812, when James Brown, the elect of the Legislature, took his seat. Representative : Thomas Boiling Robertson. Thirteenth Congress — March 4, 1813, to March 4, 1815 : Senators: James Brown, Eligius Fromentin, successor to Allen B. Magrudei*. Representative : Thomas B. Robertson. Fourteenth Congress — March 4, 1815, to March 4, 1817 : Senato-rs : James Brown, Eligius Fromentin. Representative : Thomas B. Robertson. FiFTFENTH CoNORKS.s — ^larch 4, 1817, to March 4, 1819: Senators: Eligius Fromentin; Wm. C. C. Claiborne, successor to James Brown. SixTEK.\T,i CoNGHESs— ]^]aich 4, 1819, to March 4, 1821: Senators: Henry Johnson; James Brown, successor to Eligius Fro- mentin to serve until March 4, 1825. Representative: Thomas Butler. Seventeenth Congress — March 4, 1821, to March 4, 1823 : Senators: Henry Johnson, James Brown. Representative: Josiah Stoddart Johnson. Eighteenth Congress — March 4, 1823, to March 4, 1825 : Senators: James Brown; until December 23, 1823, when he resigned to accept the position of Minister to France, and was succeeded (January 15, 1824) by Josiah S. Johnson. Henry Johnson, re-elected; to serve until !March 4, 1829; but in 1824 resigned to become Governor of the State, and was succeeded (November 19, 1824,) by Dominique Bouligny. Representatives: Wm. L. Brent, Henry H. Gurley, Edward Liv- ingston. ^to-^ Nineteenth Congress — March 4, 1825, to March 4, 1827: Senators: Josiah S. Johnston; his own successor; to serve until March 4, 1831 ; Dominique Bouligny. Representatives: William L. Brent, Henry H. Gurley, Edward Liv- ingston. Twentieth Congress — March 4, 1827, to March 4, 1829: Senators: Josiah S. Johnston, Dominique Bouligny. Representatives : William L. Brent, Henry H. Gurley, Edward Liv- ingston. 316 TERKITORIAL AND STATE GOVERNMENTS. Twenty-First Congress — March 4, 1829, to March 4, 1831 : Senators: Josiah L. Johnston, Edward Livingston, successor to Dom- inique Bouligny, to serve until March 4, 1835. Representatives: Walter H. Overton, Henry H. Gurley, Edward D. White. Twenty-Second Congress — March 4, 1831, to March 4, 1833: Senators: Josiah S. Johnston, re-elected for six years; Edward Liy- ingston, resigned and succeeded, (November 19, 1831,) by George A. Waggaraan. Representatives : Henry Adams Bullard, Philemon Thomas, Edward D. White. Twenty-Thiud Congress— March 4, 1833, to March 4, 1835: Senators: Josiah S. Johnston, killed May 19, 1833, by steamboat ex- plosion on Red River, and succeeded, (December 19, 1833,) by Alexander Porter, George A. Waggaman. Representatives : Henry A. Bullard, resigned in 1834 to become a mem- ber of the Louisiana Supreme Court, and was succeeded by Rice Garland ; Philemon Thomas; Edward D. White (resigned in 1834 to become Gov- ernor, and was succeeded by Henry Johnson). Twenty-Fourth Congress — March 4, 1835, to March 4, 1837: Senators: Alexander Porter, resigned January 10, 1837, and suc- ceeded January 12, 1837, by Alexander Mouton; Charles Gayarre, suc- cessor to George A. Waggaman, resigned in December, 1835, and was succeeded by Robert Carter Nicholas. Representatives : Rice Garland, Eleazar W. Ripley, Henry Johnson. Twenty-Fifth Congress— March 4,1837, to March 4, 1839: Senators: Robert C. Nicholas, Alexander Mouton, elected for six years to succeed himself. Representatives: Rice Garland, Eleazar W. Ripley, (died March 2, 1839), Henry Johnson. Twenty-Sixth Congress— March 4, 1839, to March 4, 1841: Senators : Robert C. Nicholas, Alexander Mouton. Representatives: Rice Garland, resigned in 1840 to become one of the judges of the Louisiana Supreme Court, and was succeeded by John Moore; Thomas Withers Chinn, Edward D. White. Twenty-Seventh Congress — March 4, 1841, to March 4, 1843 : Senators : Alexander Mouton, resigned April 1, 1842, to become Gov- ernor, and on April 14, 1842, was succeeded by Charles M. Conrad; Alex- ander Barron, successor to Robert C. Nicholas for term ending March 4, 1847. Representatives: John Moore, John B. Dawson, Edward D. White. TERRITORIAL AND STATE GOVERNMENTS. 317 Twenty-Eighth Congress — March 4, 1843, to March 4, 1845 : Senators : Alexander Barrow, Alexander Porter (successor to Chas. M. Conrad for term ending March 4, 1849), died January 13, 1844, and was succeeded by Henry Johnson. Representatives : John Slidell, Alcee Labranche, John B. Dawson, Placide E. Bossier, died April 24, 1844, and Isaac E. Morse elected to fill unexpired term. Twenty-Ninth Congress — March 4, 1845, to March 4, 184Y: Senators: Alexander Barrow, died December 29, 1846, and Pierro Soule elected to vacancy February 3, 1847; Henry Johnson. Representatives : John Slidell, in 1846 resigned, having been ap- pointed Minister to Mexico, and Emile La Sere elected to the vacancy; Bannon G. Thibodeaux; John B. Dawson, died June 26, 1845, and John H. Harm.'ins n elected 1o the vacancy; Isaac E. Morse. Thirtieth Congress — March 4, 1847, to March 4, 1849 : Senators: Henry Johnson, Solomon W. Downs, successor to Pierre Soule for term ending March 4, 1853. Representatives: Emile La Sere, Bannon G. Thibodeaux, John H. Harmanson, Isaac E. Morse. Thirty-First Congress — March 4, 1849, to March 4, 1851: Senators: Solomon W. Downs, Pierre Soule, successor to Henry Johnson, for term ending March 4, 1855. Representatives: Emile La Sere, Charles M. Conrad, in July, 1850, resigned to become Secretary of War, and in November, 1850, Henry A. Bullard was elected to the vacancy ; John H. Harmanson, died October 25, 1850, and in November, 1850, Alex G. Penn was elected to the vacancy; Isaac E. Morse. Thirty-Second Congress — March 4, 1851, to March 4, 1853: Senators : Solomon W. Downs, Pierre Soule. Representatives: Louis St. Martin, J. Aristide Landry, Alexander G. Penn, John Moore. Thirty-Third Congress — March 4, 1853, to March 4, 1855 : Senators: Pierre Soule, resigned in March, 1853, to become Minis- ter to Spain, and April 12, 1853, John Slidell was elected to the vacancy. Judah P. Benjamin, successor to Solomon W. Downs, for term ending March 4, 1859. Representatives : William Dunbar, Theodore G. Hunt, John Perkins, Jr., Roland Jones. Thirty-Fourth Congress — March 4, 1855, to March 4, 1857 : Senators: Judah P. Benjamin, John Slidell, to succeed himself for six years. Representatives: George Eustis, Jr., Miles Taylor, Thomas Green Davidson, John M. Sandidge. 318 TERUlTolJIAL AKU STATE GOVERNMENTS. Thirty-Fifth Congress — March 4, 1857, to March 4, 1859: Senators: Judah P. Benjamin, John Slidell. Repi-esen'tottives: G-eorge Eustis, Jr., Miles Taylor, Thomas G. Davidson, John M. Sandidge. TiiiKTV-SixTii Congress — March 4, 1859, to March 4, 1861: Senators: Judah. P. Benjamin, to succeed himself for term ending Afarch 4, 1865; but on Feb. 4, 1861. retired, because of the secession of Louisiana from the Union. John Slidell; retired Feb. 4, 1861, because of lhe secession of Louisiana. Representatives: John E. Bouligny, Miles Taylor, Thomas G. David'^on, John M. Landrum. (Taylor, Davidson and Landrum re- lirc'd on Feb. 4. 1861, because of the secession of the State). Thirty-Seventh Congress — ^March 4, 1861, to March 4, 1863 : Louisiana unrepresented in the Senate. In the House Benjamin F. Flanders represented the First District from January 10, 1863, to March 4, 1868; and Michael Hahn, the Second District, for the same brief period. Thirty-Eighth Congress — March 4, 1863, to March 4, 1865: Louisiana unrepresented in either House. Thirty-Ninth Congress — March 4, 1865, to March 4, 1867: Louisiana unrepresented in either House. Fortieth Congress — March 4, 1867, to March 4, 1869 : Senators: Wm. Pitt Kellogg (in class 3), from July 17, 1868, for term expiring March 4, 1873. John S. Harris (in class 2), from July 17, 1868, for term expiring jMarch 4, 1871. Representatives: J. Hale Sypher, J. H. Menard (colored), Michel Vidal, John P. Newsham, W. Jasper Blackburn ; all five served only from July 17, 1868. Forty-First Congress — March 4, 1869, to March 4, 1871 : Senators : William Pitt Kellogg, John S. ILarris. Representatives: First District: Louis St. Martin, elected by 653 majority over J. Hale Sypher, but the later contested and was seated. Second District: Lionel A. Sheldon. Third District: Adolph Bailey, elected by 7,497 majority over Chester B. Darrall, but the latter contested and was seated. Fourth District: Michael Ryan, elected by 4,779 ma- jority over John P. Newsham, but the latter contested and was seated. Fifth District: Geo. W. McCranie, elected by 7,684 majority over Frank Morey, but the latter contested and was seated. Forty-Second Congress — March 4, 1871, to March 4, 1873: Senators : William Pitt Kellogg, resigned in December, 1872, to be- come Governor; and P. B. S. Pinchback (colored), was elected to succeed him, but was never admitted. J. Rodman West, successor to John S. Harris. TERRITORIAL AND STATE GOVERNMENTS. 319 Representatives: J. Hale Sypher, Lionel A. Sheldon, Chester B. Dar- rall, James McCleary, died in 1872, and Aleck Boarman elected to the vacancy; Frank Morey. Forty-Third Congress — ^March 4, 1873, to March 4, 1875 : Senators : J. Rodman West. Second seat vacant. Representatives : At large : Vacant until February, 1876, vphen Geo. H. Sheridan was seated. First District : Efhngham Lawrence elected, but J. Hale Sypher contested and was seated subject to contest, in Febru- ary, 1875; the seat was allotted to Lawrence. Second District: Randall Lee Gibson was elected, but Lionel A. Sheldon contested and was seated. Third District: Chester B. Darrall. Fourth District: Edward C. Davidson was elected, but George A. Smith contested and was seated. Fifth District : Frank Morey. Forty-Fourth Congress — ]\[arch 4, 1875, to March 4, 1877: Senators: J. Rodman West. Vacant until February 10, 1877, when James B. Eustis was seated. Representatives : Randall Lee Gibson, E. John Ellis, Chester B. Dar- rall, Wm. Mallory Levy, William B. Spencer, C. E. Nash (colored). Forty-Fifth Congress — March 4, 1877, to March 4, 1879 : Senators : James B. Eustis, Wm. Pitt Kellogg, successor to J. Rod- man West. Representatives: Randall Lee Gibson, E. John Ellis, Joseph H. Ack- len, J. B. Elam, J. E. Leonard, died June, 1878, and in November, 1878. John S. Young was elected to the vacancy; Edward W. Robertson. Forty-Sixth Congress— March 4, 1879, to March 4, 1881 : Senators: Wm. Pitt Kellogg, B. Frank Jonas, succeeded to Jas. B. Eustis, for term ending March 4, 1885. Representatives : Randall Lee Gibson, E. John Ellis, Joseph H. Ack- len, J. B. Elam, J. Floyd King, Edward W. Robertson. Forty-Seventh Congress — March 4, 1881, to March 4, 1883 : Senators: William Pitt Kellogg, B. Frank Jonas. Representatives : Randall Lee Gibson, E. John Ellis, Chester B. Dar- rall, Newton C. Blanchard, J. Floyd King, Edward W. Robertson. Forty-Eighth Congress — March 4, 1883, to March 4, 1885: Senators: B. Frank Jonas, Randall Lee Gibson, successor to Wm. Pitt Kellogg, for term ending March 4, 1889. Representatives: Carleton Hunt, E. John Ellis, Wm. Pitt Kellogg, Newton C. Blanchard, J. Floyd King, Ed. T. Lewis. Forty-Ninth Congress — March 4, 1885, to March 4, 1887 : Senators: Randall Lee Gibson, James B. Eustis, successor to B. Frank Jonas, for term ending March 4, 1891. Representatives : Louis St. Martin, Michael Hahn, died in April, 320 TERRITORIAL AND STATE GOVERNMENTS. 1886, and N. D. Wallace elected to succeed him ; Edward J. Gay, Newton C. Blanchard, J. Floyd King, Alfred Briggs Irion. Fiftieth Congress — March 4, 1887, to March 4, 1889 : Senators: Randall Lee Gibson, James B. Eustis. Representatives: Theodore S. Wilkinson, Matt. D. Lagan, Edward J, Gay, Newton C. Blanchard,Cherubusco Newton, Edward W. Robertson, died in August, 1887, and his son, Samuel M. Robertson, was, in Novem- ber, 1887, elected to fill the vacancy. Fifty-First Congress — March 4, 1889, to March 4, 1891 : Senators: Edward D. White, of Orleans; Randall Lee Gibson, of New Orleans. Representatives : First District, Theo. S. Wilkinson of Plaquemine ; Second District, H. Dudley Coleman of New Orleans ; Third District, Edward J. Gay of Iberville; Fourth District, Newton C. Blanchard of Caddo; Fifth District, Charles J. Boatner of Ouachita; Sixth District, Samuel M. Robertson of East Baton Rouge. Edward J. Gay died and was succeeded by Andrew Price of Lafourche. Fifty-Second Congress — March 4, 1891, to March 4, 1893 : Senators: Edward D. White, of Orleans; Randall Lee Gibson, of Orleans, (died, and succeeded by Donaldson Caffery 1892). Representatives: First District, Adolph Meyer of Orleans; Second District, Matt. D. Lagan of Orleans; Third District, Andrew Price of Lafourche; Fourth District, Newton C. Blanchard of Caddo; Fifth Dis- trict, Charles J. Boatner of Ouachita ; Sixth District, Samuel M. Robert- son of East Baton Rouge. Fifty-Third Congress — March 4, 1893, to March 4, 1895 : Senators : Edward D. White, of Orleans ; Donaldson Caffery, of St. Mary. (Edward D. White having been appointed Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, Newton C. Blanchard, of Caddo, was appointed to fill vacancy). Representatives: First District, Adolph Meyer of Orleans; Second District, Robert C. Davey of Orleans; Third District, Andrew Price of Lafourche; Fourth District, Newton C. Blanchard, of Caddo (Harry W. Ogden, of Bossier, was elected to fill vacancy caused by appointment of Newton C. Blanchard to the United States Senate) ; Fifth District, Cha.s. J. Boatner of Ouachita; Sixth District, Samuel M. Robertson of East Baton Rouge. Fifty-Fourth Congress— March 4, 1895, to March 4, 1897 : Senators : Donaldson Caffery, of St. Mary ; Newton C. Blanchard, of Caddo; Samuel Douglas McEnery, of Ouachita, elected by General Assembly to succeed N. C. Blanchard. Representatives: First District, Adolph Meyer of Orleans; Second District, Charles F. Buck of Orleans; Third District, Andrew Price of TERRITORIAL AND STATE GOVERNMENTS. 321 Lafourche; Fourth District, Harry W. Ogden of Bossier; Fifth District, Charles J. Boatner of Ouachita, (contested by Alex Benoit, and seat de- clared vacant, and at election held on June 10th, 189G, Charles J. Boatner was re-elected) ; Sixth District, Samuel M. Robertson of East Baton Rouge. Fifty-fifth Congress — March 4, 1897, to March 4, 1899. Senators: Donaldson Caffery of St. Mary; Samuel Douglass McEnery of Ouachita, successor to Newton C. Blanchard (for terms beginning March 4, 1897, ending March 4, 1903). Representatives: First District, Adolph Meyer of Orleans; Second District, Robert C. Davey of Orleans; Third District, Robert F. Brous- sard of Iberia; Fourth District, Hariy W. Ogden of Bossier; Fifth District, Sam'l T. Baird of Morehouse; Sixth District, Sam'l M. Robert- son of East Baton Rouge. Fifty-sixth Congress — March 4, 1899, to March 4, 1901. Senators: Donaldson Caifery of St. Mary; Samuel Douglass McEnery of Ouachita. Representatives: First District, Adolph Meyer of Orleans; Second District, Robert C. Davey of Orleans ; Third District, Robert F. Broussard of Iberia; Fourth District, Phanor Brazeale of Natchitoches; Fifth District, Samuel T. Baird of Morehouse (died in 1899), and Joseph E. Ransdell of East Carroll, elected on August 29, 1899, to fill vacancy; Sixth District, Sam'l. M. Robertson of East Baton Rouge. Fifty-seventh Congress — March 4, 1901, to March 4, 1903. Senators: Samuel Douglass McEnery of Ouachita; Murphy James Foster of St. Mary (successor to Donaldson Caffery, term beginning March 4, 1901, ending March 4, 1907). Representatives: First District, Adolph Meyer of Orleans; Second District, Robert C. Davey of Orleans; Third District, Robert F. Broussard of Iberia; Fourth District, Phanor Brazeale of Natchitoches; Fifth District, Joseph E. Ransdell of East Carroll; Sixth District, Samuel M. Robertson of East Baton Rouge. 322 TERRITORIAL AND STATE GOVERNMENTS. PEESIDENTIAL ELECTORS— ELECTED BY THE LEGISLATURE. 1812. Julien Poydras, Stephen A. Hopkins, Philomen Thomas, who cast their votes for James Madison. 1810. Garrigues Flangas, Squire Lea and John R. Grymes, who cast their votes for James Monroe. 1824. William Nott, Jean Baptists Blanche, James H. Shepherd, Sebastian Hiriart and Pierre Lacoste, who cast their votes as follows: Three votes for Andrew Jackson and three votes for John Quincy Adams. PRESIDENTIAL ELECTORS— ELECTED BY THE PEOPLE. 1828. Jean Baptiste Blanche, Alexander Mouton, Thomas W. Scott. Placide E. Bossier and Trasimond Landry, who cast their votes for Andrew Jackson. The popular vote was as follows: Andrew Jackson 4604, John Quincy Adams 4095 votes. 1832. Jean Baptiste Blanche, Alexander Mouton, Thomas W. Scott, W. H. Overton, Trasimond Landry and Placide E. Bossier, who cast their votes for Andrew Jackson. The popular vote stood as follows: Andrew Jackson 4094, and Henry Clay 2522 votes. 1836. Jean Baptiste Blanche, Alexander Mouton, Thomas W. Scott, Placide E. Bossier, W. H. Overton and Trasimond Landry, who cast their votes for Martin Van Buren. The popular vote was as follows: Martin Van Buren 3653 votes, William Henry Harrison 3383 votes. 1840. William De Buys, Jacques Dupre, Joseph Bernard, Seth W. Lewis, John Moon and L. Barras, who cast their votes for William Henry Harrison. The popular vote was as follows : William Henry Harrison 11,297, Martin Van Buren 1617 votes. 1844. Gilbert Leonard, Jean Baptiste Blanche, Trasimond Landry, A. E. Mouton, Solomon W. Downs and Thomas W. Scott, who cast their votes for James Ejiox Polk. The popular vote was as follows: James Knox Polk 13,782, Henry Clay 13,083. 1848. Jacques Toutane, Judah P. Benjamin, Manuel J. Garcia, John Moore, Christopher Adams, Jr., and James G. Campbell, who cast their votes for Zachary Taylor. The popular vote was as follows: Zachary Taylor 18,117 votes, and Louis Cass 15,370. 1852. E. Warren Moise, Thomas Green Davidson, Jean Baptiste Blanche, Trasimond Landry, Thomas Overton Moore, R. W. Richardson, who cast their votes for Franklin Pierce. The popular vote was as follows: Pierce 18,647, Winfield Scott 17,255. 1856. Charles J. Villere, Wm. A. Elmore, Trasimond Landry, TERRITORIAL AND STATE GOVERXMEXTS. 323 Thomas O. Moore, John McVey, Henry Gray, who cast their votes for James Buchanan. The popular vote was as follows : James Buchanan 22,164, Millard Fillmore 20,709. 1860. Octave fS. Kousseau, Bernard Avegno, Trasimond Landry, Jules G. Olivier, Bennett B. Simms and William M. Levy, who cast their votes for John C. Breckinridge. The popular vote stood as follows : John C. Breckinridge 22,681, John Bell 20,204, and Stephen A. Douglas 7,625. . 1864. Louisiana did not vote for President. 1868. George W. Race, William F. Blackman, Anthony Sambola, M. B. Brady, Clarence Work, S. J. Powell and F. M. Goodrich, who cast their votes for Horatio Seymour. The popular vote stood as follows : Horatio Seymour 43,189, Ulysses S. Grant 27,911 votes. 1872. Thomas C. Manning, Andrew S. Herron, Hugh J. Campbell, Allen Thomas, Louis Bush, Albert H. Leonard, and L. Vincent Reeves. The popular vote was as follows : Horace Greeley 66,467, Ulysses S. Grant 59,975. The Returning Board reduced the majority by throwing out Democratic votes of several parishes of this State, thereby giving a majority to General Grant, under pretext of fraud, intimidation and violence, and made up the vote as follows : For U. S. Grant 71,663, and for Horace Greeley 57,029 votes, and returned the following named persons as Electors : M. F. Bonzano, Jules Lanabere, Dr. L. Roudanez, Milton Morris, A. K. Johnson, Dr. Joseph Taylor and R. L. Brooks. Various objections were made before the two Houses of Congress to counting the vote of Louisiana, arising from the consideration of different election certificates, which had been received from two Returning Boards, both claiming to be legal. The objection to counting the vote was sustained by both Houses. The above vote was not counted under the rule "that no vote objected to shall be counted, except by the concurrent vote of both Houses." 1876. Robert C. Wickliffe, John McEnery, Louis St. Martin, Ralph J. Cobb, Felix P. Poche. W. A. Seay, Alcibiadcs DcBlanc and K. A. Cross. The popular vote stood as follows: Samuel J. Tilden 86,723, Rutherford B. Hayes 77,174. The Returning Board reduced the majority given to Mr. Tilden by throwing out votes of Democratic parishes and increasing the votes in Republican parishes, under pretext of fraud, intimidation and violence, and made up the vote as follows: Rutherford B. Hayes 75,135, Samuel J. Tilden 70,036, and returned the following named persons as electors: William P. Kellegg, J. Henri Burch, Peter Joseph, A. B. Levissee, Lionel* A. Sheldon, O. H. Brewster, ]\rorris Marks and Oscar Joffrion, who cast their votes for Rutherford B. Hayes. 1880. Walter C. Flower, Thomas C. Manning, Charles A. Butler, Emile J. O'Brien, Allen Thomas, W. H. Jack, George A. Ellis and K A. Cross, who cast their votes for Winfield S. Hancock. The popular vote stood as follows : Winfield S. Hancock 65,067, James A. Garfield 38,028, James C. Weaver . 1884. J. D. Watkins, M. E. Girard, Alex. Brewster, J. C. Denis, I. D. Moore, W. H. Jack, G. L. Gaekins and John H. Stone, who cast their 324 TERRITORIAL AND STATE GOVERNMENTS. votes for Grover Cleveland. The popular vote was as follows : Grover Cleveland 62,521, James G. Blaine 46,347, St. John 337, and Butler 120. 1888. A. H. May, F. P. Stubbs, Geo. H. Theard, Euclid Borland, E. A. O'Sullivan, E. W. Sutherlin, H. P. Wells, L. D. Beale. Vote stood Cleveland Electors 85,032, Harrison Electors 30,484. 1892. H. P. Kernochan, Tom K. Green, A. L. Tissot, Saml. L. Gilmore, Gabe Montegut, W. H. Wise, O. B. Steele, T. J. Keman. Vote stood Cleveland Electors . 1896. John C. Wickliffe, Matt. W. Smart, J. W. McFarland, Albert Voorhies, Sam'l. J. Kohlman, G. A. Fournet, R. M. Steele, J. T. Howell. Vote stood Bryan Electors 77,175, McKinley Electors 18,320. 1900. Robert H. Snyder, Thos. H. Lewis, Charles J. Theard, Wm. 0. Hart, Ed. McCollum, H. T. Liverman, Allen Barksdale, S. D. Ellis. Vote stood Bryan Electors 53,671, McKinley Electors 14,233. Note. — By act of Congress of March 1, 1792, amended on January 23, 1845, a uniform day for the election of President and Vice-President is fixed for all the States, being the Tuesday next after the first Monday in November, every fourth year after a President has been elected. PRESIDENTS OF THE LEGISLATIVE COUNCILS— TERRITORY OF ORLEANS. Term of Office Julien Poydras 1804-1805 Jean Noel Destrehan 1806 Pierre Sauve 1807 Julien Poydras 1808 J. D. Degouton Bellechasse 1809-1810 Jean Noel Destrehan 1810-1812 PRESIDENTS OF THE SENATE— STATE OF LOUISIANA. Term of Office Julien Poydras 1812-1813 Fuhnar Skipwith 1814-1815 Nathaniel Meriam 1816-1819 Julien Poydras 1820-1821 Bernard IMarigny 1822 H. S. Thibodaux 1823-1826 A. Beauvais 1827-1829 Isaac A. Smith 1830-1831 Charles Derbigny 1832-1837 Joseph E. Johnston 1838 Jacques Dupre 1838 Felix Garcia 1839-1845 TERRITORIAL AND STATE GOVERNMENTS. 325 LIEUTENANT-GOVERNORS— EX-OFFICIO PRESIDENTS OF THE SENATE. (This office was created under the Constitution of 1845.) Term of Office Trasimond Landry 1846-1849 Jean Baptiste Plauche 1850-1855 William Wood Farmer (died in office) 1853 Robert Charles Wickliffe, president pro tem 1854-1855 Charles Homere Mouton (resigned) 1856 William F. Griffin, president pro tem 1857-1859 Henry M. Hyams 1860-1864 Benjamin W. Pearce, de jure 1861 J. Madison Wells (de facto), succeeded by Michael Hahn, Governor de jure 1864 Charles Smith, president pro tem 1864 Charles W. Boyce, president pro tem 1864 Louis Gastinel, president pro tem 1864 Victor Burthe, president pro tem 1865 Albert Voorhies 1866-1868 Oscar J. Dunn (colored), died in office 1S()8-1ST1 P. B. S. Pinchback (colored) president pro tem 1871 C. C. Antoine (colored) 1872-1876 Louis Alfred Wiltz 1877-1880 Samuel Douglas McEnery (succeeded to Gov. L. A. Wiltz) 1880-1881 Dr. W. A. Robertson, president pro tem 1881 George L. Walton, president pro tem 1881-1882 Robert C. Davey, president pro tem 1884-1888 Clay Knobloch 1884-1888 James Jeffries 1888-1892 Charles Parlange (appointed Judge Supreme Court) 1892 H. R. Lott, president pro tem 1894 R. H. Snyder 1896-1900 Albert Estopinal 1900-1904 SECRETARIES OF THE SENATE. Term of Office Elijius Fromentin 1812-1813 Henry D. Pierce 1814-1823 Horatio Davis 1824-1850 James B. Walton 1852 Horatio Davis 1853 William F. Wagner 1854-1855 James A. Warner 1850 William F. Warner 1857 Aristides Barbin 1858-1859 326 TERKITORIAL AND STATE GOVERNMENTS. William F. Wa^rncr 1860-1864 Henry B. Kelly 1865-1867 Charles II. Merritt 1868-1872 Pierre E. Bectel 1873-1876 John Clegg , 1877-1880 Oscar Arroyo 1881-1882 Will A. Strong 1884-1888 C. D. Caffery 1888-1892 W. H. McClendon 1892-189G W. H. McClendon 1896-1900 W. H. McClendon 1900-1904 SPEAIvEIiS OF THE iiOl'SE OF UEFiiESENTATIVES— TERRI- lORY 01' OKLEANS. Term of Office John Watkins . . . 1806-1807 Thomas Urquhart ." , 1808-1810 Magloire Guichard 1811-1813 SPEAKERS OF THlE HOUSE— STATE OF LOUISIANA. Term ot Office' P. B. St. Martin 1812 Stephen Hopkins 1813 Magloire Guichard 1814-1817 David C. Ker 1818-1819 A. Beauvais 1820-1822 Andre Bienvenu Roman 1822-1826 Octave La Branche 1827-1829 Andre Bienvenu Roman 1829-1830 Alexandre Mouton 1831-1832 Alcee LaBranche 1833-1837 Joseph Walker 1838 William DeBuys 1839-1840 William C. C. Claiborne 1841-1842 Charles Derbigny . 1843-1844 Antonie Boudousquie 1845 David A. Randall 1846-1847 Preston W. Farrar 1848 E. Warren ^Afoise 1850 John E. King 1852 E. Warren Moise 1853 John M. Sandidgp 1854-1855 William W. Pugh 1856-1859 Charles H. Morrison 1860-1861 Adolph Olivier 1862-1863 Simeon Belden 1864-1866 TERRITORIAL AND STATE GOVERNMENTS. 327 Duncan S. Cage 1866-1867 Charles W. Lowell 1868-1869 Mortimer Carr 1870 George W. Carter 1871 O. H. Brewster 1872 Charles W. Lowell 1873-187-1 Michael Hahn 1875 Louis A. Wiltz 1875 E. D. Estilette 1875-1876 Louis Bush 1877-1878 John Charles Moncure 1870 Kobert N. Ogden 1880-1882 Henry W. Ogden 1884-1888 S. P. Henry 1888-1892 G. W. Bolton 1892-1896 S. P. Henry 1896-1900 Jared Y. Sanders 1900-1904 CLERKS OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. Tenn of Office C. Tremont Decoux 1812-1815 Auguste Davezac de Castera 1816 Jean Francois Canonge 1817-1830 Armand Bitot 1831-1835 H. Patin 1835 Florin Roussel 1835-1836 Alexander Cuvillier 1837-1842 Theodule Landry 1843-1845 Jean F. Ayraud 1846-1847 Alexandre Couvillier 184» John E. Layet 1850-185^2 Joseph M. Kennedy 1853 Wm. B. Higgins 1854-1863 Alfred H. Isaacson 1863 John S. Neelis 1864 Thos. L. Maxwell 1865-1867 Wm. F. Vigers 1868-1874 Peter J. Trezevant 1875-1878 C. M. Pegues 1879 Peter J. Trezevant 1880-1884 Peter J. Trezevant 1884-1888 Peter J. Trezevant 1888-1892 Peter J. Trezevant 1892-1896 Robert S. Landry 1896-1900 Robert S. Landry 1900-1904 328 TERRITORIAL AND STATE GOVERNMENTS. SECRETARIES OF STATE. (Appointed by the Governor.) Term of Office Louis Bai theleniy McCarty 1812-181(3 Etienne Mazureau 1817-1820 Pierre Derbigny 1820-1830 George A. Waggaman 1830-1832 George Eustis 1832-1834 Martin Blache 1835-1837 Wm. C. C. Claiborne 1837 Alfred E. Forstall 1838 Henry E. Bullard 1838 Levi Pierce 1839-1845 Robert Carter Nicholas 1845 Zenon Ledoux, Jr 1845 Charles Gayarre 1845-1853 (Under the Constitution of 1852 this office was made elective.) Andrew S. Herron 1853-1859 King D. Hardy 1860-1864 S. Wrotnozki 1864 J. Hamilton Hardy 1866-1868 George E. Bovee (removed by the Governor) 1868-1871 Francis J. Herron (appointed by the Governor) 1871 Jack Wharton (appointed by the Governor) 1871 P. J. Deslonde 1872-1876 Will. A. Strong 1877-1884 Oscar Arroyo 1884-1888 Leonard F. Mason 1888-1892 Thomas Scott Adams 1892-1896 John T. Michel 1896-1900 John T. Michel 1900-1904 ATTORNEY GENERAL. (Appointed by the Governor.) Term of Office. Francois Xavier Martin i 1812-1816 Louis Moreau Lislet 1817-1818 Thomas Boiling Robertson 1819-1820 Etienne Mazureau 1820-1823 Isaac T. Preston 1823-1829 Alonzo Morphy , 1829 George Eustis 1830-1832 Etienne Mazaureau 1832-1840 Christian Roselius 1841-1842 TERRITORIAL AND STATE GOVERNMENTS. 329 Isaac T. Preston 1843-1845 William A. Elmore 1846-1848 Isaac Johnson ; 1850-1852 (Under the Constitution of 1852, this office was made elective.) Isaac E. Moise 1853-1855 E. Warren Moise 1855-1850 Thomas J. Semmes, resigned, having been elected Confederate States Senator 1860-1862 F. S. Goode, appointed by the Governor 1862-1864 Andrew S. Herron, elected by the people and removed by Federal authorities 1865 B. S. Lynch, appointed by Federal authorities 1865-1867 Simeon Belden 1868-1871 A. P. Field 1872-1876 William H. Hunt, appointed by the Governor 1876 Hiram R. Steele, appointed by the Governor 1876 Horatio N. Ogden 1877-1879 James Constantine Egan 1880-1884 Milton J. Cunningham 1884-1888 Walter Henry Rogers 1888-1892 Milton J. Cunningham 1892-1896 Milton J. Cunningham 1896-1900 Walter Gulon 1900-1904 TREASURER OF THE TERRITORY OF ORLEANS. Term of Office George W. Morgan 1804-1812 STATE TREASURERS ELECTED BY THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY. Term of Office J. Montegut 1812-1814 Jean Baptiste Dejean , 1814-1817 Silve Arnaud 1818-1827 Francois Gardere 1828-1841 William De Buys 1841-1845 Joseph Walker, resigned, having been elected Governor 1846-1849 P. E. D. Livaudais, appointed by the Governor 1849 Charles E. Greneaux 1850-1852 George C. McWhorter 1852-1854 (Elected by the people.) Robert A. Hunter 1855-1859 B. L. Defreese 1860-1865 Adam Giffin 1866-1868 330 TERRITORIAL AND STATE GOVERNMENTS. Antoiue Dubuclet (colored) 1868-1878 E.A.Burke 1879-1888 W.H. Pipes 1888-1892 John Pickett 1892-1890 Alexandre V. Fournet 1896-1900 Ledoux E. Smith 1900-1904 AUDITORS OF PUBLIC ACCOUNTS. (Created in 1840, to be appointed by the Governor.) Term of Office Clark Woodruff 1846-1849 (Elected by the people.) Louis Bordelon 1846-1849 Samuel F. Marks 1850-1854 E. W. Robertson 1855-1857 Hypolite Peralta 1858-1859 George M. Wickliffe (absconded) 1868-1869 L. T. Delassize, appointed by the Governor, declined 1869 James Graham, appointed by the Governor 1869-1871 Charles Clinton, elected by the people 1872-1875 George B. Johnson, appointed by the Governor 1876-1877 Allen Jumel, elected by the people 1877-188S O. B. Steele 1884-1892 W. W. Heard 1892-1896 W. W. Heard 1896-1900 W. S. Frazee 1900-1904 SUPERINTENDENTS OF PUBLIC EDUCATION. (Oftice created in 1847. Appointed by the Governor.) Term of Office Alexander Dimitry 1847-1849 Robert Carter Nicholas 1849-1853 John N. Carrigan 1853-1855 Samuel Bard 1855-1857 W. T. Hamilton 1857-1859 Henry Avery 1859-1861 W. H. N. McGruder 1862-1865 John McNair, appointed by Federal authority 1863-1865 Robert M. Lusher 1865-1868 'J homas W. Conway 1868-1872 W. G. Brown 1872-1876 Robert W. Lusher 1877-1879 Edwin H. Fay 1880-1884 TEKRITOKIAL AND STATE GOVERNMENTS. 331 Warren Easton 1884-1888 Joseph A. Breaux 1888-1892 A. D. Lafargue 1892-1896 Joseph V. Calhoun 1896-1900 Joseph V. Calhoun 1900-1904 JUDGES OF THE SUPERIOR COURT— TERRITORY OF ORLEANS. (Appointed by the, President of the United States.) Term of Office George Mathews 1804-1812 Joshua Lewis 1804-1812 John Thompson (died in office) 1804-1806 Francois Xavier Martin 1806-1812 STATE OF LOUISIANA. (Appointed by the Governor.) Term of Office Dominick A. Hall 1812-1815 George Mathews 1812-1836 Pierre Derbigny 1813-1820 Francois Xavier Martin 1816-1846 Alexander Foster, Jr . 1821-1835 Henry A. Bullard 1832-1845 Henry Carleton 1835-1839 Isaac T. Preston 1837 Pierre Adolphe Rost 1838-1839 George Eustis .1838-1839 George Strawbridge .1837-1839 Alonzo Morphy 1838-1845 Edward Simon 1840-1845 Rice Garland ^ 1846-1852 George Eustis, Chief Justice 1846-1852 Pierre Adolphe Rost, Associate Justice 1846-1852 George Rogers King 1846-1852 Thomas Slidell 1846-1852 Isaac T. Preston 1850-1852 William Dunbar 1852-1853 (Under the Constitution of 1852, this office was made elective by the people.) Thomas Slidell, Chief Justice 1853-1855 Cornelius Voorhies, Associate Justice 1853-1859 Abner Nash Ogden, Associate Justice 1853-1855 332 TERRITORIAL AND STATE GOVERNMENTS. James G. Campbell, Associate Justice 1854 Henry M, Spoftord Associate Justice 1853-1855 Edwin T. Merrick, Chief Justice 1855-1862 Alexander M. Buchanan, Associate Justice 1855-1863 John N. Lea 1855-1862 Josiah L. Cole 1855-1859 Thomas T. Land 1858-1862 Albert Voorhies 1859-1862 Albert Duffel 1860-1864 Peter E. Bonford, appointed by the Governor 1863-1864 Thomas Courtland Manning, appointed by the Governor 1863-1864 William P. Hyman, Chief Justice 1865-1868 Zenon Labauve, Associate Justice 1865-1868 Rufus K. Howell 1865-1868 R. B. Jones, Associate Justice 1865 James G. Tag-liaferro, Associate Justice 1866-1868 James T. Ludelint;:, Chief Justice 1868-1876 James T. Tagliaferro, Associate Justice 1868-1876 Rufus K. Howell, Associate Justice 1868-1876 William J. Wiley, Associate Justice 1868-1876 William W. Howe, Associate Justice 1868-1872 Joseph E. Leonard, Associate Justice 1872 Philip Hickey Morgan, Associate Justice 1873-1876 Thomas Courtland Manning, Chief Justice 1S77-1880 Alcibiades DeBlanc, Associate Justice 1877-1880 William B. Egan, Associate Justice 1877-1880 William B. Spencor, Associate Justice 1877:1879 Robert H. Marr, Associate Justice 1877-1880 Edward D. White, Associate Justice 1879-1880 Edward Bermudez, Chief Justice 1880-1892 Felix P. Poche, Associate Justice 1880-1890 Robert B. Todd, Associate Justice 1880-1888 William M. Levy, Associate Justice 1880-1886 Charles E. Fenner, Associate Justice 1880-1884 Thomas Courtland Manning, Associate Justice . • .1882-1886 Charles E. Fenner 1884-1896 Lynn Boyd Watkins 1886-1898 S. D. McEncry, to succeed E. B. Todd 1888-1900 Joseph A. Broaux 1890-1902 F. T. Nicholls, Chief Justice 1892-1904 Chas. Parlange, to fill vacancy of C. E. Fenner 1884-1896 H. C. Miller, vice Chas. Parlange 1884-1896 H. C. Miller , 1896-1908 Newton C. Blanchard, vice S. D. McEnery elected to United States Senate 1898-1900 Lynn B. Watkins to succeed himself 1898-1910 TERRITORrAL AND STATE GOVERNMENTS. 333 Frank Adair Monroe, vice H. C. Miller (deceased) 1896-1898 Newton C. Blanchard to succeed himself 1900-1912 O. O. Provosty, vice L. B. Watkins (deceased) 1898-1910 JUDGES OF THE CIRCUIT COURT OF APPEALS. (Elected by the General Assembly under the Constitution of 1879.) Term of Office First Circuit— John C. Moncure 1880-1888 A. B. George 1880-1884 A. B. George 1884-1892 E. W. Sutherlin 1892-1900 Second Circuit — Oren Mayo (died in office) 1880-1888 W. W. Farmer (resigned) 1880-1884 Andrew A. Gunby, appointed, vice W. W. Farmer (resigned) 1881-1884 Thomas P. Clinton, appointed, vice Oren Mayo (deceased) 1883-1888 Andrew A. Gunby 1884-1892 J. M. Kennedy 1892-1900 Third Circuit— Joseph A. Moore 1880-1888 Alfred B. Irion 1880-1884 John Clegg 1884-1892 W. F. Blackman 1892-1900 Fourth Circuit— Charles McVea (died in office) 1880-1888 Samuel J. Powell 1880-1884 Samuel J. Powell 1884-1892 William Fergus Kernan, appointed, vice Judge McVea (deceased) 1886-1888 J. M. Thompson 1892-1900 Fifth Circuit— J. Richard Winchester (died in office) 1880-1888 Adrien C. Dumartrait (died in office) 1880-1884 Eugene W. W. Blake, appointed to succeed Judge Winchester 1880-1888 Henry D. Smith, appointed to succeed Judge Dumartrait 1882-1884 Henry D. Smith 1884-1892 Henry D. Smith 1892-1900 R. T. Beauregard 1894-1904 334 TEllRfTOKUL AND STATE GOVERNMENTS. COURT OF APPEALS— PARI8n OF ORLEANS. (Elected by the General Assembly.) Term of Office Walter Henry Rogers (resigned) 1880-188S Frank McGloin 1880-1884 Frank McGloin, re-elected 1884-1892 Henry B. Kelley, elected by the General Assembly to fill the unexpired term of Judge Rogers 1884-1888 R. N. Ogdcn 1892-1900 Horace L. Dufour 1896-1904 COURT OF APPEAI.S— PARISH OF ORLEANS. (Under Constitution of 1898.) Term of Office Horace L. Dufour of Orleans 1904 Isaiah D. Moore of Orleans 190S R. T. Beauregard of St. Bernard 1904 UNITED STATES AND STATE OFFICIALS, William McKinley Theodore Roosevelt UNITED STATES OFFICIALS. THE EXECUTIVE. *WiLLiAM McKiNLEY, of Ohio, President of the United States, salary per annum $50,000 Theodore Eoosevelt, of New York, Vice-President, salary per aniiuiD 8,000 THE CABINET. John Hay, Secretary of State, Ohio. Leslie M. Shaw, Secretary of the Treasurer, Iowa. Elihu B. Root, Secretary of War, New York. John D. Long, Secretary of the Navy, Massachusetts. Nathan A. Hitchcock, Secretary of the Interior, Missouri. James Wilson, Secretary of Agriculture, Iowa. Henry C, Payne, Postmaster General, Wisconsin. Philander C. Knox, Attorney General, Pennsylvania. THE JUDICIARY. Supreme Court of the United States — The court holds annual sessions at Washington, commencing on the second Monday in October. The annual salary of Chief Justice is $10,500, and of the Associate Justices $10,000. Chief Justice — Melville W. Fuller (Dem.), of Illinois, appointed July 20th, 1888. Associate Justices. Name Appointed from Time appointed John M. Harlan Kentucky 1887 Horace Gray Massachusetts 1882 David J. Brewer Kansas 1889 Henry B. Brown Michigan 1890 George Shiras, Jr Pennsylvania 1892 Edward Douglas White Louisiana 1894 RuFus W. Peckham New York 1896 Joseph McKenna California 1898 Clerk — James H. McKenney, District of Columbia, salary $6,000 Marshal— J. M. Wright, Kentucky, salary $3,000 Reporter— J. C. B. Davis, New York, salary $4,500 *A88a88inated at Buflfalo, N.Y., September 14, 1801. 342 UNITED STATES AND STATE OFFICIALS. Circuit Court of Appeals of the United States in and for the Fifth Judicial Circuit — Mr. Justice White. Districts of Noxthem Georgia, Southern Georgia, Northern Florida, Southern Florida, Northern Ala- bama, Middle Alabama, Southern Alabama, Northern Mississippi, South- ern Mississippi, Eastern Louisiana, Western Louisiana, Northern Texas, Eastern Texas and Western Texas. Time, place and term : Third Monday of November, at New Orleans. Circuit Judges — Don A. Pardee, of Atlanta, Ga. ; David D. Shelby, of Huntsville, Ala.; A. P. McCormick, of Dallas, Texas. Clerk — Charles Lednum, of Dallas, Texas. United States Circuit Court, Fifth Circuit, Eastern District of Louisi- ana — Judges: Don A. Pardee, David D. Shelby, A. P. McCormack. Clerk — Henry J. Carter, of New Orleans. Time and place of holding court: At New Orleans, fourth Monday in April and first Monday in November. United States District Court, Eastern District of Louisiana — Judge : Charles Parlange, of New Orleans. Clerk — Frank H. Mortimer, of New Orleans. Time and place of holding court: At New Orleans, third Mondays in February, May and November; at Baton Rouge, second Monday in April and November. United States District Court, Western District of Louisiana — Judge : Aleck Boarman, Shreveport, La. Clerk — Walter Jackson, Shreveport, Louisiana. Time and place of holding court: At Opelousas, first Monday in January and June; at Alexandria, fourth Monday in January and June; at Shreveport, third Monday in February and October; at Monroe, first Monday in April and October. United States District Attorney, Eastern District — W. W. Howe. United States District Attorney, Western District — M. C. Elstner. United States Marshal, Eastern District — Charles Fontelieu. rniicd States Marshal, Western District — Lemuel Gustine. UNITED STATES SENATORS FROM LOUISIANA. Samuel Douglas McEnery, of Ouachita: March 4, 1897-March 4, 1903; March 4, 1903-March 4, 1909. Murphy James Foster, of St. Mary: March 4, 1901-March 4, 1907. JUSTICE E. D. WHITE. 344 UNITED STATES AND STATE OFFICIALS. REPRESENTATIVES. Term March 4, 1901-March 4, 1903. First Congressional District — Adolph Meyer, of Orleans. Second Congressional District — Robert C. Davey, of Orleans. Third Congressional District — Robert F. Broussard, of Iberia. Fourth Congressional District — Phanor Brazeale, of Natchitoches, Fifth Congressional District — Joseph E. Ransdell, of East Carroll. Sixth Congressional District — Samuel M. Robertson, of East Baton Rouge. • UNITED STATES OFFICERS FOR LOUISIANA. (At Custom House, New Orleans.) A. T. Wimberly Collector of the Port. David G . Baldwin Postmaster. C. J. Bell Assistant U. S. Treasurer. Frank N. Wicker U. S. Appraiser. Walter L. Cohen Reg. Land Office. C. P. Johnston Rec'r Land Office. Genl. Louis J. Souer Collr. Internal Revenue. F. W. Gibson Surveyor of the Port. James Lewis Surveyor Genl. Land Office. C. W. Boothby Supt. of U. S. Mint Dudley Coleman Melter and Refiner. M ayer Cahen Coiner. W. M. Lynch Assayer. A. II. Glennon Surgeon Marine Hospital. John Day Chief Ry. Mail Service. Patrick Looby Secret Service Agent. Wm. H. Bourke U. S. Shipping Comr. T. Polk Johnson Special Agent Treasury Dept. John A. Colter Inspector of Steam Vessels. W. G. Boylan Chief Weigher. Board of Pension Examining Surgeons — Dr. D. A. Lines, Dr. B. F. Tay- lor, Dr. J. T. Newman. u State Government. EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT. Governor — William Wright Heard, Farmerville, Union Parish; salary, $5,000; furnished residence, etc. Private Secretary — ^Leou Jastremski, Baton Rouge, East Baton Parish; salary, $2,100. Lieutenant Governor — Albert Estopinal, St. Bernard, St. Bernard Parish; salary, $1,500 and traveling expenses. DEPARTMENT OF STATE. Secretary of State — John T. Michel, New Orleans, Orleans Parish; salary, $1,800 and fees. Assistant Secretary of Stjite (In charge of Insurance Department) — Eugene J. McGivney, New Orleans, Orleans Parish; salary, $1,500. TREASURY DEPARTMENT. State Treasurer — LeDoux E. Smith, Rapides Parish; salary, $2,000. Chief Clerk — W. N. McFarland, Farmerville, Union Parish. AUDITOR'S DEPARTMENT. State Auditor — W. W. Frazee, Opelousas, St. Landry Parish; salary, $2,500. Chief Clerk — Dudley L. Guilbeau, Opelousas, St. Landry Parish. State Fiscal Agents — New Orleans National Bank, Hibernia National Bank, Louisiana National Bank, at New Orleans; First National Bank and Bank of Baton Rouge, at Baton Rouge. DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE. Attorney General — Walter Guion, Napoleonville, Assumption Parish; salary, $3,500. Assistant — Louis Guion, Napoleonville, Assumption Parish. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION. Superintendent of Public Education — Joseph V. Calhoun, New Orleans, Orleans Parish; salary, $2,000. Chief Clerk — Dupre Stanard, of Baton Rouge, East Baton Rouge Parish. MILITIA DEPARTMENT. Commander-in-Chief — Governor William Wright Heard. Adjutant General — Allen Jumel, St. Gabriel, Iberville Parish, ap- pointed by and holds office during pleasure of the Governor; salary, $2,000. Chief Clerk — Albert Jumel, St. Gabriel, Iberville Parish. 352 UNITED STA.TES AND STATE OFFICIALS. AGRICULTURAL DEPARTMENT. Commissioner of Agriculture — J. G. Lee, Calhoun, Ouachita Parish; salary, $2,500. Chief Clerk— Isi. S. Dougherty, of East Baton Rouge; salary, $1,500. STATE REGISTER OF THE LAND OFFICE. Register — J. M. Smith, FarmerviUe, Union Parish; salary, $1,500 and fees. Chief Clerk— W. R. Rutland, Many, Sabine Parish ; salary, $1,500. STATE LIBRARY. (At Tulane Hall, New Orleans.) Mrs. A. F. Phillips, of Orleans, Librarian. Miss Anna M. Beale, of East Baton Rouge, Asst. Librarian. STATE EXAMINER OF STATE BANKS AND EXAMINER OF HOMESTEAD, BUILDING AND LOAN ASSOCIATIONS. Office, New Orleans. F. G. Freret Orleans Parish STATE COAL AND COKE GUAGERS. Office, No. 327 Carondelet Street, New Orleans. Peter Farrell Orleans Parish Victor Mauberret Orleans Parish COMMISSIONER, STATISTICS OF LABOR Office, New Orleans. Thomas Harrison Commissioner INSPECTOR OF LIVE STOCK. Fernando Estopinal. Arabi, P. O., La. STATE ARMORER. Office, New Orleans. Frank Lobrano New Orleans PUBLIC ADMINISTRATOR. Office, New Orleans. Frank Zenoel New Orleans CUSTODIAN OF NOTARIAL RECORDS FOR THE PARISH OF ORLEANS. Office, City Hall, New Orleans. Peter Stifft New Orleans GOV. W. W. HEARD. LIEUT.-GOV. ALBERT ESTOPINAL. 360 UNITED STATES AND STATE OFFICIALS. JUDICIARY DEPARTMENT. SUPREME COURT. (Sessions held at New Orleans.) Francis T. Nicholls, Chief Justice; term expires April, 1904. Joseph A. Breaux, Associate Justice; term expires April, 1902. , Newton C. Blanchard, Associate Justice; term expires April, 1912. Frank A. Monroe, Associate Justice; term expires April, 1908. O. O. Provosty, Associate Justice; term expires April, 1910. Clerk — Thomas McCabe Hyman, of New Orleans, Orleans Parish. CIVIL DISTRICT COURT. (Orleans Parish, Jackson Square.) Division "A," T. C. W. Ellis; term expires 1904. Division " B," Fred D. King; term expires 1904. Division " C," John St. Paul ; term expires 1912. Division " D," W. B. Sommerville ; term expires 1912. Division " E," George H. Theard ; term expires 1912. Clerk — Thos. Connell ; term expires 1904. : . COURT OF APPEALS. (Sessions held at New Orleans.) Horace L. Dufour, Orleans; term expires 1904. Isaiah D. Moore, Orleans; term expires 1908. Rene T. Bauregard, St. Bernard ; term expires 1904. Clerk — Chas. H. Brownlee, Orleans Parish; term expires 1904. CIRCUIT COURT. (Terms expire 1904.) First Circuit — John C. Pugh, Shreveport, La. Second Circuit — E. C. Montgomery, Tallullah, La. Third Circuit — Julien Mouton, Lafayette, La. Fourth Circuit— W. W. Leake, Bayou Sara, La. [Fifth Circuit— H. D. Smith, Franklin, La. CRIMINAL DISTRICT COURT. (Orleans Parish, Court Building, Tulane Avenue.) Section "A," Joshua G. Baker; term expires 1904. Section " B," F. D. Chretien ; term expires 1912. Clerk — James A. Malloy; term expires 1904. District Attorney Orleans Parish — J. Ward Gurley; term expire* 1904. Assistants — S. A. Montgomery, J. H. Ferguson, Henry Mooney. UNITED STATES AND STATE OFFICIALS. • 363 FIEST CITY COUET (ORLEANS PARISH). Judges — Wynn Rogers (Judge Division A), R. H. Downing (Judge Division B), P. J. Patorno (Judge Division C). Clerk — Louis Brehm. Constable — ^Charles R. Kennedy. SECOND CITY COURT (ALGIERS). Judge — Thomas F. Maher. Clerk— Frank T. Gerard. Constable — Mark Amuedo. FIRST CITY CRIMINAL COURT. Judge— Thos. M. Gill, Jr. Chief Clerk — James Schillin. SECOND CITY CRIMINAL COURT. Judge — A. M. Aucoin. Chief Clerk — Charles A. Cuneo. OFFICERS, JUDICIAL DISTRICTS. First Judicial District, Parish of Caddo: Judge — A. D. Land, Shreveport, La. District Attorney — John R. Land, Shreveport, La. Second Judicial District, Parishes of Bossier and Webster: Judge — J. T. Watkins, Minden, La. District Attorney — T. T. Land, Benton, La. Third Judicial District, Parishes of Claiborne and Bienville: Judge — B. F. Edwards, Bienville, La. District Attorney — J. C. Theus, Arcadia, La. Fourth Judicial District, Parishes of Union and Lincoln : Judge — R. B. Dawkins, Farmerville, La. District Attorney — F. F. Preus, Farmerville, La. Fifth Judicial District, Parishes of Caldwell, Jackson and Winn : Judge — M. F. Machen, Winfleld, La. District Attorney — A. B. Hundley, Columbia, La. Sixth Judicial District, Parishes of Ouachita and Morehouse : Judge — L. E. Hall, Bastrop, La. District Attorney — J. P. Madison, Bastrop, La. Seventh Judicial District, Parishes of West Carroll and Richland ; Judge — W. J. Gray, Rayville, La. District Attorney — John R. Mcintosh, Floyd, La. 364 UNITED STATES AND STATE OFFICIALS. Eighth Judicial District, Parishes of Franklin and Catahoula: Judge — D. N. Thompson, llarrisburg, La. District Attorney — L. A. Thompson, Winsboro, La. Ninth Judicial District, Parishes of Madison and East Carroll: Judge — P. X. Kansdell, Lake Providence, La. District Attorney — David M. Evans, Tallullah, La. Tenth Judicial District, Parishes of Concordia and Tensas : Judge — J. L. Dagg, Vidalia, La. District Attorney — Hugh L. Tullis, St. Joseph, La. Eleventh Judicial District, Parishes of Natchitoches and Eed River: jJudge — Charles V. Porter, Natchitoches, La. District Attorney — W. A. Wilkinsoh, Coushatta, La. Twelfth Judicial District, Parishes of DeSoto, Sabine and Vernon; Judge — J. B. Lee, Mansfield, La. District Attorney — A. L. Ponder, Many, La. Thirteenth Judicial District, Parishes of Rapides and Grant : Judge — W. F. Blackman, Alexandria, La. District Attorney — James Andrews, Alexandria, La. Fourteenth Judicial District, Parish of Avoylles: Judge — G. H. Couvillon, Marksville, La. District Attorney — J. W. Joifrion, Marksville, La. Fifteenth Judicial Distinct, Parishes of Calcasieu and Cameron : Judge — Edmond D. Miller, Lake Charles, La. District Attorney — Joseph Moore, Lake Charles, La. Sixteenth Judicial District, Parish of St. Landry: Judge — E. T. Lewis, Opelousas, La. District Attorney — R. Lee Garland, Opelousas, La. Seventeenth Judicial District, Parish of Vermilion: Judge — Minos T. Gordy, Jr., Abbeville, La. District Attorney — J. Nelson Green, Abbeville, La. Eighteenth Judicial District, Parishes of Acadia and Lafayette: Judge — C. DeBaillon, Lafayette, La. District Attorney — Wm. Carrpbell, Lafayette, La. Nineteenth Judicial Court, Parishes of Iberia and St. Martin ; Judge — T. Don Foster, New Iberia, La. District Attorney — Anthony Muller. UNITED STATES AND STATE OFFICIALS. 365 Twentieth Judicial District, Parishes of Terrebonne and Lafourche : Judge — L. P. Caillouet, Thibodaux, La. District Attorney — W. P. Martin, Thibodaux, La. Twenty-first Judicial District, Iberville, West Baton Eouge and Pointe Coupee : Judges — E. B. Talbot, of Plaquemine; L. B. Claiborne, New Roads, District Attorney — ^Albin Provosty, New Roads, La. Twenty-second Judicial District, Parish of East Baton Rouge; Judge — H. F. Brunot, Baton Rouge, La. District Attorney — George K. Favrot, Baton Rouge, La. Twenty-third Judicial District, Parish of St. Mary : Judge — A. C. Allen, Franklin, La. District Attorney — W. K. Wilson, Franklin, La. Twenty-fourth Judicial District, Parishes of East Feliciana and West Feliciana : Judge — Charles Kilbourne, Clinton, La. District Attorney — Robert C. Wickliffe, Bayou Sara, La. Twenty-fifth Judicial District, Parishes of St. Helena, Livingston and Tangipahoa : Judge — R. R. Reid, Amite City, La. District Attorney — Robert S. Ellis, Amite City, La. Twenty-sixth Judicial District, Parishes of Washington and St. Tam- many: Judge — James M. Thompson, Covington, La. District Attorney — Gordon W. Goodbee, Franklinton, La. Twenty-seventh Judicial District, Parishes of Ascension, St. James and Assiunption : Judge — Paul Leche, Donaldsonville, La. District Attorney — G. A. Gondran, Donaldsonville, La. Twenty-eighth Judicial District, Parishes of St. John the Baptist, St. Charles and Jefferson: Judge — J. L. Gaudet, Edgard, La. District Attorney — Robert J. Perkins, Gretna, La. Twenty-ninth Judicial District, Parishes of St. Bernard. and Plaque- mines: Judge — ^Robert Hingle, Pointe a la Hache, La. District Attorney — Albert Estopinal, Jr., St. Bernard La. 366 TJNITED STATES AND STATE OFFICIALS. 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V 'i (D ^ - ^ fl c4 ^ ti,a -« Si S5 a j^ • • • -uiJ*^ 2o . . . fl o fl 1^ L, S t« t- 4" 3) IV p-fe. 0^ CO O) S-i efl c* eC ,~ "A Ml ^ ^ rt □ s a c^ ra cj 3 S 3 000 c4 fl vi ^ x — C3 — • 3 iO 3 O 0) o a — 03 fl.S'O — c! ^ y rt ci 41 ca M ea'w ■ ed ^ d ^ ej 0! 3 3 oj cd of ^ cd d o3 3 3 3 3 3 3 d d a ^ ci d & 'w *w '02 X *« *[« "w °S y rt ci 4) ca M ea'w ea eS 3 o^ 3 3 el's ms m -r 3 'S-SsS 3 3 3 3 c o •t-e^r-MOSf •!00J-*M»O'*a0iHWr-IM35rHC0iMm'*' 3 -a 3 4) a-g eaflOoaoM«ca d"b CO ;^' ~ -a i t» fc* o ^'O oj O t^ 3 3 aaaac 1 9 0) * • ■9 Mca • •^ o ."^ a)fH . fl -t^ • o fl ir; o' ;qEc fl"-^ O G> • a-ao ed 4) 4) co> j-irH Mi-i :EB «°a^=^.- - fl 4j ci t»s fl « 3J ca u 0.4> fl"S .Woo . . • a .tern,. .41^ — ojje ac4^ tn ^ t^ 4) St- fl ?•* * 4> Ka:MirEHEHE^,>^^ 0) h:j aT fl - as d 4, ea>-''t^ "^ -i .0 l-l re '■'Sfe *I O'g S fl (1) fz:^^ > fl "0 • 3'-'j< ea t, w, — ? 4) K 4) — . f',^ .:<: 41 Ej< a U. I.S U -», 4^ 3 4) uc-3 3 t-n-fl •0 t- 3 .5 D.a = 83 c — >-> ^ ■ U w tfffi^ dd^ •d . -^^ wag 4)- 4) «_, ♦J-w O « •» 3 3 • 4) 4) Bkoi 41 +J 4; 4? . ^x:.3 fl o o « S '^' ^ 4) is 4. 4* . te .a 4) _••«-> ti t- fl ai a 'S'«s • -S^ UNITED STATES AND STATE OFFICIALS. 369 STANDING COMMITTEES OF THE SENATE. JUDICIARY. 1, W. M. Murphy, chairman; 2, T. C. Barret; 3, Hugh C. Cage; 4, Thomas H. Thorpe; 5, George W. Flynn; 6, J. T. Boone; 7, P. M. Lam- bremont; 8, Lastie Broussard; 9, H. II. Russell; 10, L. D. Beale; 11, J. T. Wallace. FINANCE. 1, T. C. Barret, chairman; 2, T. J. Lahbe; 3, John Dymond; 4, Wil- liam H. Price; 5, George W. Flynn; 6, C. C. Cordill; 7, Hugh C. Cage; 8, E. S. Maunsell; 9, L. D. Beale; 10. J. T. Boone. ENROLLMENT. 1, J. S. Settoon, chairman; 2, C. C. Cordill; 3, R. E. Thompson; 4, O. I. McLellan; 5, J. J. Thompson. AUDITING AND SUPERVISING EXPENSES OF THE SENATE. 1, , Chairman; 2, Frederick Wilbert; 3, J. J. Thomp- son ; 4, W. H. Price ; 5, W. M. Murphy. ELECTIONS, QUALIFICATIONS, REGISTRATION AND CONSTITUTION. 1, T. H. Thorpe, Chairman; 2, C. J. Ducote; 3, J. S. Brady; 4, Ferd. Dudenhefer; 5, J. T. Wallace; 6, C. V. Vignes; 7, L. Broussard; 8, R. E. Thompson; 9, C. K. Lewis; 10, H. Barousse; 11, H. C. Drew; 12, T. B. Gilbert, Jr. ; 13, J. S. Settoon. FEDERAL RELATIONS. 1, P. M. Lambremont, Chairman ; 2, L. Caspari ; 3, Homer Barousse ; 4, E. E. Smart; 5, R. E. Lee. AGRICULTURE, COMMERCE AND LEVEES. 1, C. C. Cordill, Chairman; 2, Frederick Wilbert; 3, A. J. Bonvillain; 4, J. S. Brady; 5, William H. Price; 6, P. M. Lambremont; 7, Jno. Dymond; 8, Samuel Alston; 9, W. M. Murphy; 10, E. S. Dortch; 11, T. C. Barret; 12, T. J. Labbe; 13, H. H. Russell. CORPORATIONS, PAROCHIAL AND MUNICIPAL AFFAIRS. 1, John Dymond, Chairman; 2, C. V. Vignes; 3, F. Dudenhefer; 4, T. B. Gilbert, Jr.; 5, C. K. Lewis; 6, R. E. Lee; 7, E. S. Dortch; 8, H. C. Drew; 9, A. O. Clark; 10, Lastie Broussard; 11, H. II. Russell; 12, Samuel Alston; 13, L. Caspari. RULES. 1, T. B. Gilbert, Jr., Chairman; 2, W. M. Murphy; 3, George W. Flynn ; 4, J. J. Thompson ; 5, II. C. Drew. 370 UNITED STATES AND STATE OFFICIALS. NEW BASIN CANAL AND SHELL ROAD. I, R. E. Lee, Chairman; 2, C. S. E. Babington; 3, O. I. McLellan; 4, J. S. Settoon; 5, J. S. Brady; 6, H. C. Cage; Y, F. Dudenhefer. MILITIA. 1, O. I. McLellan, Chairman; 2, C. K. Lewis; 3, J. S. Settoon; 4, A. J. Bonvillaln; 5, J. J. Thompson. INTERNAL IMPROVEMENTS, PARKS AND PUBLIC BUILDINGS. 1, E. S. Maunsell, Chairman; 2, W. C. Davis; 3, H. Barousse; 4, E. E. Smart; 5, C. S. E. Babington. HEALTH, QUARANTINE, DRAINAGE AND CHARITABLE INSTITUTIONS. 1, C. J. Ducote, Chairman; 2, J. Labbe; 3, A. O. Clark; 4, C. D. Vignes; 5, E. E. Smart; 6, E. S. Dortch; 7, C. S. E. Babington; 8, E. S. Maunsell. LIBRARY. 1, Frederick Wilbert, Chairman; 2, R. E. Thompson; 3, J. T. Wal- lace; 4, A. O. Clark; 5, J. T. Boone. RAILROADS. 1, George W. Flynn, Chairman; 2, A. J. Bonvillain; 3, L. Caspari; 4, C. S. E. Babington; 5, W. C. Davis; 6, Lastie Broussard; 7, R. E. Thompson; 8, Frederick Wilbert; 9, A. O. Clark. CAPITAL AND LABOR. a, J. T. Boone, Chairman; 2, H. C. Drew; 3, Thomas H. Thorpe; 4, James S. Brady; 5, Homer Barousse. EDUCATION. 1, L. D. Beale, Chairman; 2, C. K. Lewis; 3, Samuel Alston; 4, A. J. Bonvillain; 5, P. M. Lambremont; 6, L. Caspari; 7, T. C. Barret; 8, C. J. Ducote; 9, T. B. Gilbert, Jr. CITY OF NEW ORLEANS. 1, H. C. Cage, Chairman; 2, Geo. W. Flynn; 3, Robt. E. Lee; 4, O. I. McLellan ; 5, Samuel Alston ; 6, T. H. Thorpe ; 7, C. V. Vignes ; 8, E. 5. Maunsell; 9, Ferd. Dudenhefer. PENITENTIARY. 1, W. H. Price, Chairman; 2, ; 3, H. C. Cage; 4, C. J. Labbe: 5, C. C. Cordill; 6, L. D. Beale; 7, W. C. Davis. PRINTING. 1, J. T. Wallace, Chairman; 2. John Dymond; 3, W. C. Davis; 4, H. H. Russell; 5, E. E. Smart. UNITED STATES AND STATE OFFICIALS. 373 o O o OS m > <^ H W OQ Ph o CO O H Ph O CQ 'A o •*» e« 13. fl u o ifi o m o •< 1^ f0f9i3^rtticJf889cd^^ejAcdtio3ctojRC0^o363cQodc^o3ojc4ejo3cdcdctfcQcdc003o3 bibibiUb>ikcUbl(HUbcU(dt. OOOCOOCOOOOOCOCCOCOC ■6- aaasaasssEHaaSEeasEE cooococcoocoooooococ aEEEESEEaaEaaEEEaeaa CCCOCCCCCCCCOCCCGCCQ Cte4c4cddd^c«cj eld a a p a 03 W X 73 M X .. .2 3 rt ci d cs c a d d d d a a d d cfl X C X X tiD X a X 5 a c a 3 a a a a oooooo~oor:oc4)c o c o c « d a a d « o o ►JhJ d d a d n d d d d X d |x S ^ o o . a . . a • :o : '.•o '. . a . .-tJ^ d-w J? o a . a SS^d ^;d — a ^ a %HW00«0icC'1OC)Ot^ m a d ■3 '='0 « M o S=d o" « § SO x^ > . 5 a d o * *^, *,J ^r d ^ a a ri d ©2 d^ E o a a— t, o~ a O) i O 0. 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STANDING COMMITTEES OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTA- TIVES. RULES. Speaker Sanders, ex-officio chairman; Henry, Wade, Trezevant, of Caddo; Barrett, Ware, Sellers, Hyams, Dupre, ELECTION AND QUALIFICATIONS OF MEMBERS. Wilson, of Tangipahoa; Sanders, of Bossier; Young, Madden, Ken- nedy, Andrepont, Wimberly, of Bienville; Krumpleman, Delaune. WAYS AND MEANS. Trezevant, of Caddo; LeBlanc, of Assumption; Cordill, Ware, of Iberville; Barrett, Montgomery, Domengeaux, O'Connor, Leclere, Wil- son, of Catahoula; Marrero; Wilson, of Tangpahoa; Wade, Gill, Ander- son. APPROPRIATIONS. Ware, of Iberville; Henry, Pearce, Smart, Johnson, Barton, Cade, Dougherty, Breslin, Croom, Brannon. JUDICIARY — SECTION A. . Marks, Charbonnet, Foster, Hewes, Percy, Fayssoux, Burke, Reilly, Morrow, Dale, Henriques. JUDICIARY — SECTION B. Ware, of Caldwell; Carruth, Dupre, Pearce, Wilson, of Catahoula; Gill, Marrero, Friedrichs, O'Connor, Pugh, Wimberly, of Bienville. PUBLIC EDUCATION. Wade, Dupre, Hyams, Gill, Smith, Jacobs, Bullion, Wilson, of Cata- houla ; JMorrow, Montgomery, Evans, Story, . PUBLIC WORKS, LANDS AND LEVEES. Brand, Amacker, Casey, Montgomery, Burke, Cordill, Leopold, Hyams, Percy, Didier, Newton, Mcllhenny, Hewes, Dunshie, Dessauer. PAROCHIAL AFFAIRS. Dougherty, Croom, Brannon, Dale, Hewes, Lea, Vincent, Bas3, Casey, Wimberly, of Red River; Lacaze, Chandler, McClenaghan. ENROLLMENT. LeBlanc, of Vermilion ; Amacker, Smith, Angelloz, Haggerty, Young, Jacobs. RAILROADS. Cordill, Steidley, Frederichs, Foster, Charbonnet, Caldwell, of Natch- UNITED STATES AND STATE OFFICIALS. 377 itoches; Didier, Wilson, of Tangipahoa; Johnson, Bonvillain, Ventress, LeBlahc, of Vermilion. CORPORATIONS. Henry, Irwin, Balfour, Picard, Cade, Dessauer, Kenny, Chandler, Dunshie, Clayton, Thorn, Polk, Caldwell, of Natchitoches. BANKS AND BANKING. O'Connor, Lancaster, Anders, Marks, Wimberly, of Bienville; Reilly, Krumpleman, Polk, Kenner. CLAIMS. Sellers, Williams, Bullion, Marble, Reinhardt, Pearce, Mcllhenny, Trezevant, of West Carroll; Picard, Pugh, . PRINTING. Steidley, Hyams, Miller, Wilson, of Catahoula ; Irwin, Clayton, Durio, Wade, Lacaze. PENITENTIARY. Barton, Steidley, Smith, Sellers, Lea, Dougherty, Anders. V2 State Boards and Commissions BOARD OF LIQUIDATION— STATE DEBT. Office, Baton Rouge, La. (jOvernor William Wright Heard Ex-Officio President State Auditor W. S. Frazee Secretary Members : Albert Estopinal . . . .i ^ Lieutenant-Governor Ledoux E. Smith i Treasurer John T. Michel Secretary of State Jared Y. Sanders Speaker of the House S. P. Walmsley President of the Cotton Exchange BOARD OF AUDIT AND EXCHANGE. Baton Rouge, La. Governor W. W. Heard President Geo. K. Spyker , Secretary Members : Albert Estopinal Lieutenant-Governor W. S. Frazee ■ Auditor Ledoux E. Smith Treasurer Walter Guion Attorney General John T. Michel Secretary of State RAILWAY COMMISSION. Office, Baton Rouge, La. C. L. De Fuentes President W. M. Barrow Secretary Commissioners: C. L. DeFuentes First District, Orleans Overton Cade Second District, Lafayette W. L. Foster Third District, Caddo UNITED i^TATES AND STATE OFFICIALS. 379 STATE BOAED OF APPRAISERS OF RAILWAY, TELEGRAPH, TELEPHONE, SLEEPING CAR AND EXPRESS BUSINESS. Office, Baton Rouge, La. W. S. Frazee President W. N. McFarland Secretary Members : W. S. Frazee, Auditor Ex-Officio, Baton Rouge L. R. Garcia First District, New Orleau.s *Daniel Owens Second District, Orleans Geo. M. Robertson Third District, Iberia M. H. Carver Fourth District, Natchitoches G. C. Goldman Fifth District, Goldman Thomas F. Butler Sixth District, St. Francisville BOARD OF PENSION C0:MMISSI0NERS. Office, Baton Rouge. Gen. J. A. Chalaron President Capt. E. F. Brian Secretary Members of Board: Gen. J. A. Chalaron Orleans Judge J. C. Moncure Caddo Capt. D. T. Merrick Pointe Coupee Allen Jumel ■ Adjutant General, Ex-Officio W. S. Frazee State Auditor, Ex-Officio STATE BOARD OF HEALTH. Office, New Orleans. Dr. Edmond Souchon, of Orleans President Dr. T. C. Egan, of Shreveport Vice-President Dr. G. Farrar Patton, of Orleans Secretary Dr. John B. Thomas, of East Baton Rouge Quarantine Physician Dr. S. S. Gill, of Orleans Shipping Inspector Dr. p. E. Archinard, of Orleans Bacteriologist Col. F. C. Zacharie, of Orleans Attorney ♦Deceased. 380 UNITED STATES AND STATE OFFICIALS. Membeus ; Dr. Edmond Souchon Orleans Dr. T. C. Egan Shreveport Dr. T. T. Tarlton Grand Coteau Dr. p. B. McCutcheon New Orleans Dr.W. Glendower Owen White Castle Dr. J. S. Stephens Natchitoches Dr. Arthur Nolte New Orleans STATE BOARD OF EDUCATION. Members State Board of Education: Hon. W. W. Heard, Governor Baton Rouge, La. Hon. Walter Guion, Attorney General New Orleans, La. Hon. J. V. Calhoun, Supt. Public Education Baton Rouge, La. A. E. Hotard, First District Algiers, La. Maurice Stern, Second District New Orleans, La. F. W. Nichols, Third District Thibodaux, La. D. C. Scarborough, Fourth District. Natchitoches, La. E. H. McClendon, Fifth District Homer, La. Thomas H. Lewis, Sixth District Opelousas, La. Officers of Board : Hon. W. W. Heard, Governor President, Baton Rouge, La. Hon. J. V. Calhoun Ex-Officio Secretary, Baton Rouge, La. J. D. Stannard Assistant Secretary, Baton Rouge, La. Place of Meeting, State Capitol, Baton Rouge, La. STATE BOARD OF ENGINEERS. Office, Cotton Exchange Building, New Orleans. H. B. Richardson Chief Engineer Walter II. Hoffman Secretary Members of Board: II. B. RiciiARDSON, Sidney Lewis, Frank M. Kerr, Arsene Perrilliat, Marshall P. Robertson. UNITED STATES AND STATE OFFICIALS. 381 LOUISIANA STATE BOAED OF AGRICULTURE AND IMMI- GRATION. Office, Baton Rouge, La. Gov. W. W. Heard President N. S. Dougherty Secretary Members of Board. J. G. Lee ComraissioneT of Agriculture John Dymond Plaquemines Emile Rost St. Charles A. V. Eastman Calcasieu Charles Schuler. DeSoto E. T. Sellers Union H. P. McClendon Tangipahoa Gov. W. W. Heard, Governor of the State Ex-Officio William Garig, Vice-President L. S. U Ex-Officio Thos. D. Boyd, President L. S. U Ex-Officio W. C. Stubbs, Director of the Experiment Station ..Ex-Officio STATE BOARD OF MEDICAL EXAMINERS (ALLOPATH.) Office, New Orleans. Db. A. F. Barrow • President Dr. J. D. Trahan Vice- President Dr. a. F. Larue Secretary and Treasurer Members : Dr. F. a. Larue Dr. a. F. Barrow Bayou Sara, La. Db. J. D. Trahan Lafayette, La. Dr. F. M. Thornhill Arcadia, La. STATE BOARD OF MEDICAL EXAMINERS (HOMEOPATHY.) Office, 919 St. Charles Street, New Orleans. Dr. C. R. Mayer President Dr. Gayle Aiken Secretary Members of the Board. Dr. Gayle Aiken New Orleans Db. J. W. Belden New Orleans Dr. C. R. Mayer New Orleans Dr. T. J. Crebbin New Orleans Db. W. D. Nobwood Slireveport 382 UNITED STATES AND STATE OFFICIALS. STATE BOARD OF DENTAL EXAMINERS. Office, New Orleans. Dr. John E. Woodward. . . .> President, New Orleans L. A. Hubert Attorney and Secretary Members of Board: Dr. John E. Woodward New Orleans Dr. Geo. A. Colomb New Orleans Dr. J. S. Couret New Orleans Dr. R. M. Zelinka Houma Dr. a. S. Johnson , Monroe STATE BOARD OF PHARMACY. Office, New Orleans. P. L. ViALLON President F. C. Godbold • • Secretary Members of the Board. E. N. Roth, W. T. Taylor, Paul Fleming, Max Samson, William Fleming, G. S. Brown, William M. Levy, M. Bernstein. STATE BOARD OF ARBITRATION AND CONCILIATION. Office, Cotton Exchange Building, New Orleans. *CoL. J. M. Foster President James Leonard Secretary Members of Board. Col. J. M. Foster, Henry G. Hester, James Leonard, *James Shaw. DIRECTORS OF THE CITIZENS' BANK OF LOUISIANA. On Part of State: Horace U. Beach, E. T. Merrick, Jr., Edward Gauche, Chas. J. Theard^ Aristides Hopkins. ♦Deceased. UNITED STATES AND STATE 0FFICIAL3. 383 BOARD OF EXAIIINERS, BAR PILOTS. Office, Hennen Building, New Orleans. Thomas Craig, J. J. Williams, STATE BOARD OF ASSESSORS FOR THE PARISH OF ORLEANS. Office, City Hall, New Orleans. Martin Behrman President C. Taylor Gauche Vice-President Geo. Dawkins Secretary Horace P. Phillips Assistant Secretary C. Taylor Gauche First District Alex. Pujol Second District Joseph Hirn Third District Samuel Alston Fourth District Martin Behrman Fifth District Henry Puderer Sixth District O. A. Trezevant Seventh District HOTEL ROYAL COMMISSION. (Act No. 142 of 1898.) Gov, W. W. Heard President Secretary of State John T. Michel Secretary Members of Commission: W. W. Heard Governor John T. Michel Secretary of State W. S. Frazee Auditor Walter Guion Attorney General Wm. Murphy On behalf of the Senate Samuel Alston On behalf of the Senate W. McL, Fassoux On behalf of the House N, S, Dougherty On behalf of the House Chas. B, Stroudback On behaK of the House BOARD OF PORT C0MMISSI0NT:RS FOR THE PORT OF NEW ORLEANS. Office, 331 Carondelet Street, New Orleans. Hugh McCloskey President Col. B, M, King Vice-President William A, Kernaghan Secretary W. H. Byrnes, vice Sidney H, March, resipmed, A, DuMSER, vice J. T. Henderson, term expired. 384 UNITED STATES AND STATE OFFICIALS. NEW BASIN CANAL AND SHELL ROAD. Office, New Basin Canal and Franklin Street, New Orleans. Frank M. Breedlove President Jas. n. Murphy, of St. Tammany Secretary Walter C, Murphy, of New Orleans Superintendent Members of Bo^uid of Control: Frank M. Breedlove, New Orleans, vice L. A. Graham, term expired. P. E. St. Martin, New Orleans, vice N. S. Hosklns, term expired. John B. Honor. New Orleans, vice Henry B. Schrieber, term expired. O. A. Bullion, Ascension T. M. Akers Tangipahoa STATE CONTEST BOAKD OF ELECTIONS. Office, Baton Rouge. John T. Michel .'^. . . . . Secretary of State W. S. Frazee State Auditor Ledoux E. Smith State Treasurer CTwo vacancies.) ATCHAFALAYA BASIN LEVEE BOARD. Office, Port Allen. Andrew H. Gay President A. D. Barrow Secretary Members op Board: *Thomas G. Sparks Pointe Conpee Parish Joseph Torras Ascension Parish Victor M. Lefebvre West Baton Ronsre Parish Andrew H. Gay Iberville Parish HoNORE DiTGAS Assumption Parish Thomas Beary Lafourche Parish Jos. A. Provost Iheria Parish BOSSIER LEVEE BOARD. Bossier Levee District. Office, Benton, La. J. W. Jeter President T. N. Br,\den Secretary MEiifBERs OF Board of Commissioners: G. A. F. Poole. W. D. Mercer. A. Caplts. . J. W. Jeter. W. T. Colqttit. T. W. W. Sttnson. A. J. Moss. •Deceased. UNITED STATES AND STATE OFFICIALS. 385 BURAS LEVEE BOARD. Office, Buras, La. Geo. Schoenberger President J. B. Fasterling Secretary Members of Board: Geo. Schoenberger, J. L. Buras. W. S. Reddick. Frank Giordano. Henry Kamlah. CADDO LEVEE DISTRICT. . Office, Shreveport, La. W. F. Taylor President S. N. Kerley Secretary Members of Board of Commissioners: W. F. Taylor. Wm. V. Robson. John Glassell. C. W. Lane. John M. Robertson. John Sentell. E. M. Smith. GRAND PRAIRIE LEVEE DISTRICT. Office, Pointe-a-la-Hache. I. L. Haspel President M. D. Haspel Secretary Members of Board of Commissioners: Thomas Brophy, Isaac L. Haspel, Henry H. Baker, John Burton, Marcus Waltzer. LAKE BORGNE BASIN LEVEE BOARD. Lake Borgne Levee District. Office, 339 Carondelet street, New Orleans. John Dymond President N. C. Nunez Secretary Members of Board of Commissioners: John Dymond, Benito Ojeda, Harry McCall, Jr. 386 UNITED STATES AND STATE OFFICIALS. LAFOURCHE BASIN LEVEE BOARD. Lafourche Basin Levee District. Office, Cotton Exchange Building, New Orleans. Victor Maurin President W. J. McCuNE Secretary Members of Board of Commissioners: V. Maurin • • Ascension Parish E. L. Monnot Assumption Parish Thomas D. Kent Lafourche Parish James R. Tucker St. James Parish Victor Berthelo t St. John Parish TiiOM.\s Sellers St. Charles Parish RosELius Perez Plaquemines Parish James S. Brady Jefferson Parish J. D. Willis For the Railroads ORLEANS LEVEE BOARD. Office 395 St. Charles Street, New Orleans. Otto Thoman President T. J. Duggan Secretary Members of Board of Commissioners Orleans Le\'ee District. Jules Koenig First District J. L. Adam . Second District Peter Elizardi Third District W. McL. Fayssoux Fourth District Manuel Abascal Fifth District Charles T. Yenni Seventh District Ex-Officio Members: Hon. Paul Capdevielle Mayor of New Orleans Hon. Thos. J. Moulin. . .Commissioner of Public Works of New Orleans W. J. Hardee City Engineer New Orleans RED RIVER, ATCHAFALAYA AND BAYOU BOEUF LEVEE BOARD, Office, Alexandria, La. J. Q. White President J. R. Thornton ,. . . • Secretary Members of Board: J. G. White Rapides Parish Harry Perkins Avoyelles Parish E. G. Richards St. Landry Pariah UNITED STATES AND STATE OFFICIALS. 387 PONTCHARTRAIN LEVEE DISTRICT. Office, Convent, La. HuNTEB C. Leake President P. M. Lambremont Secretary Members of Board of Commissioners: Hunter C. Leake For I. C. R. R Co. T. J. Kernan For Y. and M. V. R. R. Co. Samuel Giannelloni East Baton Rouge Parish Simon LeBlanc Iberville Parish W. P. Miles, Jr Ascension Parish Emile Bourgeois St. James Parish L. Montegut, Jr St. John Parish M. SoNGEY St. Charles Parish LuciEN Soniat Jefferson Parish TENSAS BASIN LEYEE BOARD. Tensas Basin Levee District. Office, Rayville, La. W. T. Barham President H. R. Speed Secretary Members of Board of Commissioners: John T. Cole Ouachita Parish E. M. Hicks Franklin Parish W. H. Holloman Catahoula Parish J. Q. Graves Caldwell Parish R. M. Shillings West Carroll Parish Jno. a. Hemler Raceland Parish W. T. Barham Morehouse Parish FIFTH LOUISIANA LEVEE BOARD. Office at Tallulah, La. J. T. McLellan President A. T. Lane Secretary Members of Board of Commissioners: J. T. McLellan Madison Parish W. H. Ward Madison Parish B. B, Parham Concordia Parish J. H. Lambdin Concordia Parish E. J. Hamley East Carroll Parish M. H. Benjamin East Carroll Parish C C. CoRDiLL Tensas Parish G. C. Goldman Tensas Parish 388 UNITED STATES AND STATE OFFICIALS. FAUSSE POINT DRAINAGE DISTEICT. Commissioners : J. D. Rose. J. D. Dauterive. FIRST DRAINAGE DISTRICT— PARISH OF IBERVILLE. ' ' ' Commissioners: P. U. Beau. F. Falcon. GUEYDAN DRAINAGE DISTRICT. Office, Gueydan, Vermilion Parish. Commissioners : John W. Meyers. Frank M. Hasson. IBERIA AND ST. MARY DRAINAGE DISTRICT. Office, Jeanerette, La. A. L. MoNNOT President A. Schexnayder Secretary Commissioners : A. L. MoNNOT Iberia Parish J. C. Murphy St. Mary Parish J. C. Acres Iberia Parish L. A. MoRESi Iberia Parish Charles A. Poirson Iberia Parish NEW IBERIA AND BAYOU CARLIN DRAINAGE DISTRICT. Office, New Iberia, La. Commissioners : E. J. Carstens. M. E. Satterfield. SECOND DRAINAGE DISTRICT— PARISH OF ST. BERNARD. Office St. Bernard Parish. Commissioners : Jules H. Brou. B. J. Lauoa. UNITED STATES AND STATE OFFICIALS. 389 BAYOU CONWAY DRAINAGE DISTRICT. Office, Ascension Parish. Commissioners : H. E. Spurgeon. Dr. W. P. Miles. BELLE PLACE DRAINAGE DISTRICT. Commissioners : Jules Monnot. A. 0. Broussard. ST. ]\L\RTIN, IBERIA AND POINT CLARE DRAINAGE DISTRICT. Parishes, St. Martin and Iberia. Commissioners : A. O. Provost. Lucien Oure. Albert P. Reseveber. U. Landry. THIRD DRAINAGE DISTRICT— PARISH OF ASSUMPTION. Commissioners : A. D. Blanchard. C. P. Simoneaux. THIRD LAFOURCHE DRAINAGE DISTRICT. Commissioners : Wilson Lepine. Edward Caillouet. Roster of Parish Officers AND LIST OF PRINCIPAL TOWNS AND POPULATIONS. ACADIA. 634 square miles; incorporated in 18S6; population 23,483; seat of justice Crowley. R. T. Clark Clerk of District Court J. L. MuRRELL 1 Sheriff F. R. Martin Coroner Welman Bradford Surveyor A. C. LoRMAND Tax Assessor Police Jurors — First Ward: F. J. Bernard; Second Ward: B. E. Clark; Third Ward: Homer David, F. J. Klein; Fourth Ward: G. E. Brooks; Fifth Ward: Joseph Flash, W. M. Iloyt; Sixth Ward: J. M. Crahtree, W. L. Carver, James F. Elder. Justices of the Peace — First Ward: E. O. Brunner, Gaston Servat; Second Ward: L. L. Clark; Third Ward: H. D. McBride; Fourth Ward: Louis Cart; Fifth Ward: J. P. Hoyt, Alcee Henry; Sixth Ward: J. M. A. Francois; Seventh Ward: J. J. Robira, P. J. Pavy; Eighth Ward: S. W. Steen. Constables — First Ward: Moise Arcenaux, Howard Andrews; Seoond Ward: Branch II. Hiayes; Third Ward: Theogene Daigle; Fourth Ward : Arthur Lavergne ; Fifth Ward : Ben Broussard, Olivier Richard; Sixth Ward: Joe McGee; Seventh Ward: Clebert Simon, Geo. Freeman; Eighth Ward: Eugene Meche. Notaries Public — Appointed from May 1st, 1900, Jos. H. Lumpkins, E. O. Brunner, Chas. F. Mathews, Alcee Henry, Edw. N. Pugh. Crowley, population ; Church Point, 278; Rayne, 1007; Eunice, 316. President Parish Board of Education, J. H. Hunter, Rayne. Superintendent Parish Board of Education, J. E .Barry, Crowley. ASCENSION. 373 square miles; incorporated in 1807; population 24,142; seat of justice, Donaldsonville. James S. Barman Clerk of District Court J. F. Fernandez Chief Deputy Clerk o w o w W I— I Q W Q W o o PARISH OFFICERS^ LIST OF PRINCIPAL TOWNS, ETC. 393 Sam. H. St. Martin Sheriff Dr. E. K. Sims Coroner Jos. St. AaMANT Tax Assessor R. J. Chauvin Attorney to assist Tax Collector Police Jurors — First Ward: John W. Tucker; Second Ward: J. M. Ourso; Third Ward: J. Kamsey Duke; Fourth Ward: Joseph Alaurin; Fifth Ward: L. W. Armatage; Sixth Ward: J. C. Klos; Seventh Ward: J. A. Gonzales; Eighth Ward: W. A. Sibley. Justices of the Peace — First Ward: D. B. Allen; Second Ward: H. C. Robinson; Third Ward: Joseph Corbo; Fourth Ward: Edmond Maurin, David Israel; Fifth Ward: J. R. Landry; Sixth Ward: Chas. Madere; Seventh Ward: C. D. Gondran; Eighth Ward: W. W. Dixon; Ninth Ward: J. M. Lusk; Tenth Ward: A. D. Carpenter, Aureliixs White. Constables — First Ward: Arthur Joseph; Second Ward: Adam Dupre; Third Ward: P. M. Ayrand; Fourth Ward: J. McCray, V. C. Cantrelle; Fifth Ward: I. Murray; Sixth Ward: Jno. Brown; Seventh Ward: Thos. Mitchell; Eighth Ward: M. Ruffin; Ninth Ward: R. Gaut- reaux; Tenth Ward: W. M. Fife, H. D. Carpenter. Notaries Public — Appointed from May 1st, 1900, Frederick Landry, R. McCuUough, Dan'l. H. Dyer, Edw. N. Pugh, Jr., C. 0. Weber, W. J. Bomar, R. N. Sims, W. Lemann. Donaldsonville, population 4,105. President Parish Board of Education, A. D. Vega, Sr., Donaldson- ville. Superintendent Parish Board of Education, R. McCulloch, Donald- sonville. ASSUMPTION. 327 square miles; incorporated 1807; population 21,620; seat of justice, Napoleonville. Oscar Dugas Clerk of District Court Charles L. Trische Sherili Dr. a. J. Himel Coroner Surveyor Edgard Aucoin Tax Assessor F. H. Tete Attorney to assist Tax Collector Police Jurors — First Ward: L. B. Landry; Second Ward: E. Guillot; Third Ward: Theo. Delaunne; Fourth Ward: L. Himel; Fifth Ward: Dr. P. H. Dansereaux; Sixth Ward: L. Lemmel; Seventh Ward: A. Trahan; Eighth Ward: P. E. Landry. Justices of the Peace — First Ward: S. A. Truxillo; Second Ward: M. Cazere; Third Ward: J. T. Gourges; Fourth Ward: L. D. Badeaux; Fifth Ward : L. Francioni ; Sixth Ward : H. J. Yerret, J. M. Bourgeois, 394 PARISH OFFICERS^ LIST OF PRINCIPAL TOWNS, ETC. E. Gianelloni; Seventh Ward: C. J. Lafitte; Eighth Ward: A. Daigle; Ninth Ward : P. F. V. Labarre. Constables — First Ward: A. Vegas; Second Ward: L. Verret; Third Ward: E. Tremin; Fourth Ward: A. A. Badeaux; Fifth Ward: A. Bourg; Sixth Ward: 6. P. Landry, W. P. Thibodeaux; Seventh Ward: A, Blanchard; Eighth Ward: L. Alonzo. Notaries Public — Appointed from May 1st, 1900, J. L. Francioni. Napoleonville, population 945. President Parish Board of Education, E. L. Monnot, Bertie. Superintendent Parish Board of Education, John Marks, Napoleon- ville. AVOYELLES. 843 square miles; incorporated 1807; population 29,701; seat of justice, Marksville. E. A, Plauche Clerk of the District Court A. V. Saucier ^. .. ., Sheriff Dr. a. Leigh Coroner • Surveyor L C. Johnson Tax Assessor Police Jurors — First Ward: E. Sayes; Second Ward: R. J. John- son; Third Ward: P. Mayeaux; Fourth Ward: J. Supper; Fifth Ward: C. Kaloue; Sixth Ward: E. E. Firnxiner; Seventh Ward: A. J. Nor- wood; Eighth Ward: J. B. Jeansomme, O. Mayeaux; Ninth Ward: M. M. Bordelon; Tenth Ward: IT. B. Irion. Justices of the Peace — First Ward: P. W. Paul; Second Ward J. U. Chaze, E. F. Bordelon; Third Ward: B. Ingoof; H. Rabalais Fourth Ward: II. Bordelon; Fifth Ward: Chas. Goudeau; Sixth Ward L. F. Bordelon; Seventh Ward: B. J. Carbo; Eighth Ward: R. Dufour, T. E. Jeansomme; Ninth Ward: T. J. Milligan, H. E. Haley; Tenth Ward: M. Glaze, J. T. Rhodes. Constables — First Ward: L. A. Felsenthal; Second Ward: W. H. Robert, W. Laborde; Third Ward: J. L. Chatelin, T. A. Bartel; Fourth Ward: G. Descant; Fifth Ward: L. P. Terry; Sixth Ward: T. A. Bordelon; Seventh Ward: F. M. Morgan; Eighth Ward: H. H. Marcotte, O. Lacour; Ninth Ward: J. F. DeSoto, E. Fisher; Tenth Ward: D. R. Bettison. Notaries Public — Appointed from May 1st, 1900, A. H. Normand, Jos. E. Haley, L. J, Ducote, P. M. Fuqua, C. P. Courvillon, A. L. Boyer, L. P. Gremillion, C. A. Smith, G. G. Gremillion. Marksville, population 837; Bunkie, 873; Evergreen, 322; Cotton- port, r)02; Mansuria, 408; Marthaville, 228. President Parish Board of Education, E. J. Joffrion, Marksville. Sui)erintcndcnt Parish Board of Education, A. D. Lafargue, Marks- ville. PARISH OFFICERS^ LIST OF PRIKCIPAL TOWNS, ETC. 395 BIENVILLE. 856 square miles; incorporated in 1848; population 17,588; seat of justice Sparta. J. W. TooKE Clerk of District Court W. R. PuLLiN Sheriff J. H. GivENS Coroner R. M. Crawson Surveyor H. G. Oden Tax Assessor Police Jurors — First Ward: W. H. Leslie; Second Ward: J. H. Thurmond; Third Ward: II. F. Scheen ; Fourth Ward: J. L. Wimberly; Fifth Ward: J. C. Watts; Sixth Ward: J. G. Blewer. Justices of the Peace — First Ward: J. W. Pullig, J. F. Spurlock; Second Ward: J. P. Thurmond, W. H. Lazarus; Third Ward: H. M. King, J. T. Huckaby; Fourth Ward: U. N. Page, H. J. Hall; Fifth Ward: J. J. Warren; Sixth Ward: P. S. Roden, R. E. Easely. Constables — First Ward: J. E. Curie, B. F. Jameson; Second Ward: E. Courtney, D. R. Rogers; Third Ward: J. G. Robinson, L. Stewart; Fourth Ward: S. M. Fair, M. J. 'Moore; Fifth Ward: J. B. Williams; Sixth Ward: W. W. Poole. Notaries Public — Appointed from May 1st, 1900, B, J. Key, J. B. Wimberly. Arcadia, 924; Bienville. 263; Gibsland, 558. President Parish Board of Education, W. P. Oden, Arcadia. Superintendent Board f Eduea'tion, W. U. Richardson, Arcadia. BOSSIER. 773 square miles ; incorporated in 1843 ; population 24,153 ; seat of justice, Benton. B. A. Kelly Clerk of District Court A. R. Thompson Sheriff H. Nesson Coroner G. D. Alexander Surveyor H. H. Montgomery Tax Assessor President Parish Board of Education, J. W. Prince, Haughton. Superintendent Parish Board of Education, W. IT. Scanlan, Shreve- port. Police Jurors^ — Firsf Ward: T. W. Holmes; Second Ward: T. J. Tidwell, J. C. Logan; Third Ward: J. A. Ford; Fourth Ward: M. W. Carson; Fifth Ward: J. F. Adair; Sixth Ward: C. D. Sandidge, L. C. Riggs. Justices of the Peace — First Ward : J. C. Bell ; Second Ward : R. C. Stinson; Third Ward: J. G. Allen, Thos. M. Love; Fourth Ward: F. R. Garrett; Fifth Ward: J. P. Gleason ; Sixth Ward: IL Barneastle, J. N. Ryan. 396 PARISH OFFICERS, LIST OP PRINCIPAL TOWNS, ETC. Constables — First Ward: C. E. Jacobs; Second Ward: N. H. Arnold; Third Ward: T. J. Taylor; Fourth Ward: J. J. Allums; Fifth Ward: T. W. Heath; Sixth Ward: J. W. O'Neal, W. M. Morrow. Notaries Public — Appointed from May 1st, 1900, H, S. Dowell. Benton, 463; Haughton, 194; Logansport, 688; Plain Dealing, 258. CADDO. 852 square miles; incorporated in 1838; population 44,499; seat of justice, Shreveport. F. A. Leonard Clerk of District Court S. J. Ward , .Sheriff II. C. Coty Coroner L. F. Crawford Surveyor D. E. Nicholson Tax Assessor President Board of Education, J. H. Shepherd, Shreveport. Superintendent Board of Education, J. C. Moncure, Shreveport. Police Jurors — First Ward: W. B. Means, W. W. Wynn; Second Ward: H. H. Huckaby; Third Ward: J. S. Noel; Fourth Ward: Jno. S. Young, Wm. Winter, W. F. Thoman, C. G. Kives, W. T. Monkhouse; Fifth Ward: S. A. Alexander; Sixth Ward: J. H. Bagley; Seventh Ward: P. P. Keith; Eighth Ward: T. S. Hutchinson. Justices of the Peace — First Ward: H. W. Berneathy, W. O. Owens ; Second Ward : B. F. Teat ; Third Ward : W. E. Wassen, W. A. Elliott; Fifth Ward: S. J. Philips; Sixth Ward: L. T. Silvester; Seventh Ward: W. A. Hendricks; Eighth Ward: B. E. Jacobs. Constables — First Ward: N. Tyson, J. L. Pyron; Second Ward: J. C. Childs; Third Ward: T. C. Hearn, J. M. Miller; Fifth Ward: C. C. Alexander; Sixth Ward: M. C. Bagley; Seventh Ward: L. Howard; Eighth Ward : K. Trottier. Notaries Public — Appointed from May 1st, 1900, J. F. Slattery, Newmanjordy, Jr., B. F. Teat, L. E. Smith, F. J. Looney, J. D. Wilkin- son, E. D. Webb, S. L. Herold, D. P. Ilollis, W. A. Ellett, T. F. Bell, Jr., J. S. Comegys. Shreveport, population 16,013. CALCASIEU. 3,400 square miles; incorporated in 1843; population, 30,428; seat of justice. Lake Charles. H. C. Gill Clerk of District Court. J. A. Perkins Sheriff. Thos. H. Watkins Coroner J, W. Eoiier , . Surveyor A. L. Lyons • Tax Assessor J. G. FouRNET Atty. to assist Tax Collector SHEEVEPOKT HIGH SCHOOL. PARISH OFFICERS, LIST OF PRINCIPAL TOWNS, ETC. 399 Police Jurors — First Ward: J. Chaumoset; Second Ward: F. A. Arcenaux; Third Ward: S. Bloch, L. Chavaune; Fourth Ward: G. W. House; Fifth Ward: J. P. Hampton; Sixth Ward: J. O. Stewart; Seventh Ward: J. D. Sigler; Eighth Ward: B. E. Miller; Ninth Ward: J. C. LeBleu; Tenth Ward: C. F. Taylor. Justices of the Peace — First Ward: W. Jackson, Jos. Chenier; Second Ward: Saml. Blackford; Third Ward: J. B. Kirkman, J. L. Wasey; Fourth Ward: L. Cooper, N. Vincent, H. J. Perkins; Fifth Ward: S. A. Fairchild, P. Langdon, J. W. Fancher; Sixth Ward: D. D. Herford, H. E. Hall; Seventh Ward: D. P. Lyles, G. W. Seaman; Eighth Ward: J. V. Peeves; Ninth Ward: J. H. Materne, Dallas Hayes; Tenth Ward: E. S. Heampstead, A. G. Fisher. Constables — First Ward: F. Darbonne, N. Garborina; Second Ward: I. Fontenot; Third Ward: J. M. Stafford, M. J. Guzman; Fourth Ward: Geo. Hillebrandt, A. Vincent, Robt. Truesdale; Fifth Ward: B. W. Lyons, D. 0. Vincent; Sixth Ward; F. T. Smith, D. A. Shirley, H. T. Mysell; Seventh Ward: W. R. Howell, J. Lyles, Jr.; Eighth Ward: W. A. Seals; Ninth Ward: J. R. Jones, A. Desermond; Tenth Ward: J. Harris, W. 0. Queensbery. Notaries Public — Appointed from May 1st, 1900, W. Jackson, L. Sugar, H. Hall, J. M. Booze, A. M. Barbe, L. H. Moss, L. M. Valdeterrr, J. B. Stack, C. A. Weiner, C. E. Wooten, J. C. St. Germain, J. H. Heinen, J. S. Toomer Lake Charles, population 6,680; Jennings, 1,539; Oberlin, 213; Welsh, 320. CALDWELL. 535 square miles; incorporated in 1838; population, 6,917; geat of justice, Columbia. M. L. Mecon Clerk of District Court J. J. Meredith Sheritf Dr. E.L. Wright Coroner Surveyor. R. R. Redditt Tax Assessor President Board of Education, E. J. Langham, Columbia. Superintendent Board of Education, C. P. Thornhill, Columbia. Police Jurors— First Ward: J. A. Powell; Second Ward: N. M. Davis; Third Ward: W. F. Humphries; Fourth Ward: M. Jarrell; Fifth Ward: J. M. Sherrod; Sixth Ward: ; Seventh Ward: A. B. Duff; Eighth Ward: C. A. Hebert; Ninth Ward: J. D. Meredith; Tenth Ward: J. T. Hanchey. Justices of the Peace— First Ward: W. B. McLain; Second Ward: R. B. Graves; Third Ward: A. J. McDaniel; Fourth Ward: S. D. S. Walker; Fifth Ward: C. E. Meredith; Sixth Ward: W. M. Newsom; Sev- enth Ward: C. Payne; Eigth Ward: H. A. Hebert; Ninth Ward: P. M. Fisher; Tenth Ward: E. F. Grayson. 400 PARISH OFFICERS, LIST OP PRINCIPAL TOWNS, ETC. Constables — First Ward: C. A. Ferraud; Second Ward: B. E. Erskins; Third Ward: G. W. Thompson; Fourth Ward: H. M. Simons; Fifth Ward: W. Kent; Seventh Ward: Geo. Williams; Eighth Ward: C. S. Hilliard; Ninth Ward: L. E. Rogeys; Tenth Ward: R. L. Elliott. Notaries Public — ^Appointed from May 1st, 1900. Columbia, 382. CAMERON. 1,545 square miles; incorporated in 1870; population, 3,952; seat of justice, Cameron. T. E. Gee Clerk of District Court J. A. Wakefield i • • Sherilf G. Sweeny Coroner Surveyor P. E. Smith i. • -Tax Assessor President Board of Education, 1. Bonsail, Cameron. Superintendent Board of Education, A. G. Murray, Lowry. Police Jurors— First Ward: E. J. Hall; Second Ward: E. Sterlese; Third Ward: P. Montie; Fourth Ward: A. Vincent; Fifth Ward: O. Pivoto. Justices of the Peace — First Ward: R. Nenermaker; Second Ward: J. D. McCall; Third Ward: A. A. Roux, M. Dupuy; Fourth Ward: J. Portie, E. Hebert; Fifth Ward; F. Erbelding. Constables — First Ward: M. L. Crowell; Second Ward: W. R. Mc- Call; Third Ward: G. Constance, Nich Broussard; Fourth Ward: J. D. Hebert, Alcebad Hebert; Fifth Ward: Geo. W. Bland. CATAHOULA. 1,350 square miles; incorporated in 1808; population, 16,351; seat of justice, Harrisonburg. J. F. Robertson Clerk of District Court J. W. Walters Sherill Dr. H. W. A. Pritchard .Coroner C. C. Pritchard Tax Assessor R. J. Wilson I Atty. to assist Tax Collector ; Surveyor President Board of Education, E. M. Brian, Rosefield. Superintendent Board of Education, J. P. A. Whatley, Harrison- burg. Police Jurors — First Ward: W. I. Gillespie; Second Ward: J. C. Harden; Third Ward: J. W. Smith; Fourth Ward: F. Brown; Fith Ward: M. N. Walker; Sixth Ward: A. G. Hodges; Seventh Ward: W. S. Dorsey; Eighth Ward: H. W. Berthard; Ninth Ward: W. F. Miller. Justices of the Peace — First Ward: L. Pipes; Second Ward: J. PARISH OFFICERS, LIST OF PRINCIPAL TOWNS, ETC. 401 W. Sheppard; Third Ward: W. H. Whitehead; Fourth Ward: B. E. Blake; Fifth Ward: A. L. Plummer; Sixth Ward: S. Barr; Seventh Ward: E. D. Spann; Eighth Ward: J. E. Boyd, N. C. Bennett; Ninth Ward: C. N. Bruce, L. P. Briggs. Constables — First Ward: E. F. Gillespie; Second Ward: T. D. Holstein; Third Ward: J. F. Cassels; Fourth Ward: J. Q. Prestidge; Fifth Ward: J. F. Thompson; Sixth Ward: J. H. Richey; Seventh Ward: J. F. Kelly: Eigth Ward: B. C. Thompson, R. B. Swayze; Ninth Ward: B. F. Miller. Notaries Public — Appointed from May 1st, 1900, H. J. Babcock, J. C. Boyd, L. M. Davis, J. B. Boatner. Harrisonburg, population 303. CLAIBORNE. Y65 square miles; incorporated in 1828; population, 23,029; seat of justice. Homer. Drew Ferguson .Clerk of District Court J. H. KiRKPATRicK Sheriff J. E. Knighton Coroner Surveyor Jno. R. Phipps Tax Assessor President Board of Education, J. C. Moore, Howell, Superintendent Board of Education, E. H. McClendon, Howell. Police Jurors — First Ward : C. M. Davidson ; Second Ward : B. F. Collier; Third Ward: J. A. Seegers; Fourth Ward: W. M. Alexander; Fifth Ward: A. H. Wilburn; Sixth Ward: H. H Coleman; Seventh Ward: Geo. Gill; Eighth Ward: W. A. Melton; Ninth Ward: J. C. Meadows. Justices of the Peace — First Ward: E. E. Monzingo; Second Ward : 0. A. Smith ; Third Ward : R. F. Harvey, S. B. Baueum ; Fourth Ward: W. C. Hanicter; Fifth Ward: F. P. Morgan; Sixth Ward: G. W. Dobbins ; Seventh Ward : G. G. Gill ; Eighth Ward : R. T. McClen- don; Ninth Ward: F. M. McClelland; Tenth Ward: B. F. Beard. Constables — First Ward: J. M. Anderson; Second Ward: S. S. Smith; Third Ward: J. L. Garrett, C. D. Worley; Fourth Ward: T. O. Maddry; Fifth Ward: E. E. Simmons; Sixth Ward: D. B. Landers; Seventh Ward: C. H. Lewis, L. B. Robinson; Eighth Ward: L. J. Car- uthers; Ninth Ward: D. C. Cater. Homer, population 1,157. CONCORDIA. 620 square miles; incorporated in 1807; population, 13,559; seat of justice, Vidalia. C. C. Campbell Clerk of District Court H. H. Gillespm Sheriff 402 PARISH OFFICERS^ LIST OF PRINCIPAL TOWNS, ETC. M. C. Reeves Coroner Surveyor R. L. Castleman Tax Assessor N. M. Calhoun Atty. to assist Tax Collector President Board of Education, R. L. Castleman, L'Argent. Superintendent Board of Education, J. E. Schiele, Vidalia. Police Jurors — First Ward: L. Lemeunicr; Second Ward: J. G. Clauffhton ; Third Ward : Dr. J. W. Walker ; Fourth Ward : J. P. Fagan ; Fifth Ward: J. II. Ohlsen; Sixth Ward; D. Snyder; Seventh Ward: W. H. Hudnall; Eighth Ward: A. T. Caloit; Ninth Ward: J. S. Gaynor; Tenth Ward: H. B. Nugent. Justices of the Peace — First Ward: W. L. Shaw; Second Ward: D. A. Tugler; Third Ward: G. G. Barker; Fourth Ward: H. King; Fifth Ward: L. Kernald; Sixth Ward: J. C. Pierce; Seventh Ward: J. T. Lytic; Eighth Ward: C. II. Hester; Ninth Ward: P. A. B. Warren; Tenth Ward: R. P. Holland, S. P. Magoun; Eleventh Ward: E. P. Campbell. Constables— First Ward: J. R. Bidwell: Third Ward: T. D. Barker; Fourth Ward: S. Thomas; Fifth Ward: J. Vaughn; Sixth Ward: A. W. Thomas; Seventh Ward: A. J. Ragland; Eighth Ward: H. Hester; Ninth Ward: W. H. Mount; Tenth Ward: H. B. White, T. J. Williams; Eleventh Ward : J. W. Rountree. Notaries Purltc — Appointed from May 1st, 1900, N. M. Calhoun. Vidalia, population 1,022. • DESOTO. . 856 square miles; incorporated in 1843; population, 25,063; seat of justice, Mansfield. A. M. Rives Clerk of District Court W. T. Peoues Sheriff Dr. S. T. Walker Coroner L. H. Bell Surveyor W. B. Hewitt Tax Assessor President Board of Education, Wm. Goss, Mansfield. Superintendent Board of Education, W. C. Scott, Kingston. Police Jurors — First Ward: J. D. Williams; Second Ward: T. C. Middleton; Third Ward: J. J. Gardner; Fourth Ward; W. R. Jackson; Fifth Ward: W. W. Williams; Sixth Ward: R. F. Scott; Seventh Ward: L. M. Rambin; Eighth Ward: L. L. Whitton. Justices of the Peace — First Ward: S. F. Talbert, N. B. Williams; Second Ward: T. A. Adams; Third Ward: G. M. Norris; Fourth Ward: J. Meadows. T. G. Pegues; Fifth Ward: J. F. Smith; Sixth Ward: E .R. Fortsnn. E. E. Scott: Seventh Ward: J. E. Robinson, P. L. Bar- ron; Eighth Ward: J. K. Pyle, J. R. Nash. Constables — First Ward: W. B. Peyton, Jr.; J. A. Sinclair; Second PARISH OFFICERS^ LIST OF PRINCIPAL TOWNS^ ETC. 405 Ward: J. M. Lafitte; Third Ward: C. N. Baker; Fourth Ward: W. M. Howell, H. G. May; Fifth Ward: Geo. Hungerbuler ; Sixth Ward: S. Phipps, T. T. Scott; Seventh Ward: D. E. Nance, C. A. Rambin; Eighth Ward: N. P. Tanner, D. T. Fletcher. Notaries Public — Appointed from May 1st, 1900, M. G. Nelson, G. M. Norris, J. M. Hudson, N. B. Williams, Wm. H. Smith. Mansfield, population 847; Grand Cane, 385. EAST BATON ROUGE. 395 square miles; incorporated in 1807; population, 31,153; seat of justice. Baton Eouge. W. G. Randolph Clerk of District Court J. T. Young Sheriff T. P. Slngletary Coroner Surveyor E. L. WooDSiDE Tax Assessor President Board of Education, R. A. Hart, Baton Rouge. Superintendent Board of Education, R. C. Gordon, Baton Rouge. Police Jurors — iirst Ward: I. Pujol, Jos. Pino; Second Ward: T. S. Alexander, 0. Kondert; Third Ward: J. S. Rodriguez; Fourth Ward: R. T. Y. Louden, T. N. Samuel; Fifth Ward: W. A. Cook; Sixth Ward: D. A. Robertson; Seventh Ward: J. W. Hillman; Eighth Ward: H. F. Von Phul, Sr.; Ninth Ward: W. J. Sharp; Tenth Ward: W. D. Haralson. Justices of the Peace — First Ward: ; Second Ward: ; Third Ward: H. Cannence; Fourth Ward: J. H. Mon- tegudo, J. A. Hyce; Fifth Ward: W. A. Craig; Sixth Ward: A. A. Landry; Seventh Ward: Geo. Mundinger; Eighth Ward: H. F. Von Phul, Jr., J. C. Grabert; Ninth Ward: Wm. Stokes; Tenth Ward: H. R. Gerald. Constables — First Ward: ; Second Ward: ; Third Ward: ; Fourth Ward: C. Hoffman, A. B. Brian; Fifth Ward: W. S. Barksdale; Sixth Ward: E. J. Roberts; Seventh Ward: M. J. Germany; Eighth Ward: P. Arceneaux, A. A, Miller; Ninth Ward: W. S. Martin; Tenth Ward: P. E. Lavigne. Notaries Public — Appointed from May 1st, 1900, D. H. Cross; C. A. Bergeron, T. A. Moore. Baton Rouge, population 11,269; Zachary, 465. EAST CARROLL. 400 square miles; incorporated in 1877; population, 11,373; seat of justice. Lake Providence. G. F. Blackburn Clerk of District Court J. W. Dunn Sheriff 406 PARISH OFFICERS^ LIST OF PRINCIPAL TOWNS, ETC. W. E. Long Coroner — Surveyor W. C. McRae Tax Assessor President Board of Education, T. J. Powell, Lake Providence. Superintendent Board of Education, C. R. Egelly, Lake Providence. Police Jurors — First Ward: P.. Nicholson; Second Ward: W. C. Hope; Third Ward: P. McGuire; Fourth Ward: A. M. Nilson; Fifth Ward: T. W. Joy. Justices of the Peace — First Ward: J. B. Beard, W. H. Dickerson; Second Ward: C. H. Webb; Third Ward: D. W. Gilmour, C. R. Egelly; Fourth Ward: E. Stockner; Fifth Ward: Jno. Ridings. Constables — First Ward: C. McGinnis, J. Iliggins; Second Ward: Barney Coun; Third Ward: W. A. Blount, Jr., W. H. Hunter; Fourth Ward: J. R. Brown; Fifth Ward: J. Foreman. Notaries Public — Appointed from May 1st, 1900, Chas. R. Egelly. Lake Providence, population 1,256. EAST FELICIANA. 450 square miles; incorporated in 1811; population 20,443; seat of justice, Clinton. J. L. Cravens Clerk of District Court T. B. Bennett Sheriff F. Thompson Coroner T. W. Young Surveyor C. R. Lemon Tax Assessor President Board of Education, . Superintendent Board of Education, A. E. Miller, Wilson. Police Jurors — First Ward: H. D. Moore; Second Ward: A. J. Hansey; Third Ward: C. F. Reiley; Fourth Ward: J. R. Freeman; Fifth Ward: J. Israel; Sixth Ward: M. T. Nesone; Seventh Ward: W. L Ratliffe; Eighth Ward: L. S. Talbert. Justices of the Peace — First Ward: A. E. Carter, D. C. Johnston; Second Ward: A. Cook; Third Ward: M. Gilmore, W. F. Norsworthy; Fourth Ward : E. P. Andrews, J. G. Dubon ; Fifth Ward : J. A. White, J. E. Irvin; Sixth Ward: L. G. Dawson; Seventh Ward: C. P. Delee; Eighth Ward : R. T. Jackson. Constables — First Ward: J. P. Pearson, E. Williams; Second Ward: S. Turner; Third Ward: A. Mulkey, C. G. Allen; Fourth Ward: C. Palmer, H. S. White; Fifth Ward: M. J. Nettles, C. L. Ross; Sixth Ward: A. H. Carroll; Seventh Ward: J. Gallout; Eighth Ward: A. T. White. Notaries Piislic — Appointed from May 1st, 1900. Clinton, population 960; Jackson, 2,012; Slaughter, 259; Wilson, 470. m PARISH OFFICKRS, LIST OF I'RINCIPAL TOWNS, ETC. 407 FEANKLIN. 550 square miles; incorporated in 1843; population, 8,890; seat of justice, Winnsborough. H. J. Lea Clerk of District Court W. H. Adams Sheriff J. L. Deuson Coroner B. W. Leigh Surveyor J. W. WoMBLE Tax Assessor President Board of Education, H. H. Buie, Fort Necessity. Superintendent Board of Education, J. W. Denson, Cowville. Police Jurors — First Ward: H. M. Watson; Second Ward: S. L. Eichardson; Third Ward: S. IL Cordill; Fourth Ward: J. S. Copeland; Fifth Ward: J. H. Baker; Sixth Ward: W. Cummings; Seventh Ward: R. M. Steele; Eighth Ward: S. I. Pippin; Ninth Ward: W. M. Kincaire. Justices of the Peace — First Ward: F. J. Hubert; Second Ward: C. H. Gill, H. A. Lewis; Third Ward: W. B. Diamond; Fourth Ward: G. W. Hodge; Fifth Ward: L. E. Rundel; Sixth Ward: M. W. Lord; Seventh Ward: J. M. King; Eighth Ward: J. O. Wiggins; Ninth Ward: W, M. Kincaire. Constables — First Ward: W. P. Byrne; Second Ward: O. E, Kenney, L. M. Llearkey; Third Ward: L. A. Osborne; Fourth Ward: T. A. Bradley; Fifth Ward: N. McEacham; Sixth Ward: M. M. Lord; Seventh Ward : W. A. Tucker ; Eighth Ward : J. T. McClellan. Notary Public — Appointed from May 1st, 1900, C. A. Gill. Winnsboro, population . GEANT. 578 square miles ; incorporated in 1869 ; population, 12,902 ; seat of justice, Colfax. * J. J. O'QuiN Clerk of District Court M, E. SwAFFORD Sheriff W. Smith Coroner Surveyor J. A. Harvey Tax Assessor J. L, Fletcher Atty. to assist Tax Collector President J^oard of Education, R. S. Cameron, Colfax. Superintendent Board of Education, J. A. Williams, Colfax. Police Jurors — First Ward: J. H. McNeely; Second Ward: E. L. Stuckey; Third Ward: B. F. Lewis; Fourth Ward: J. E. Nugent; Fifth Ward: T. M. Bradford; Sixth Ward: M. L. Spikes; Seventh Ward: A. C. Teddlie. Justices of the Peace — First Ward: F. B. Dean, J. Q. Long; Sec- ond Ward: M. O'Quinn, O. A. Tison; Third Ward: Jack Frost; Fourth 408 PARISH OFFICERS, LIST OF PRINCIPAL TOWNS, ETC. Ward: J. Clark; Fifth Ward: I. Nugent; Sixth Ward: J. B. Lyman; Seventh Ward: E. W. Horn, E. S. Garute. Constables — First Ward: G. M. Dean, J. V. Carnahan; Second Ward: C. McGee, Lee Tyson; Third Ward: W. Frazer; Fourth Ward: W. Starling; Fifth Ward: J. P. Wooten; Sixth Ward: H. A. Eoshto; Seventh Ward : H. F. McManus, T. H. Harrell. Notaries Public — Appointed from May 1st, 1900, W. B. Clark, J. W. Dunn, S. Patterson, Jack Frost, J. A. Pinkerton. Colfax, population 190 ; Montgomery, 158 ; Pollock, 637. IBEELA.. 536 square miles; incorporated in 1868; population, 29,015; seat of justice. New Ibearia. J. G. LeBlanc Clerk of District Court Geo. Henderson. Sheriff G. P. Minville Coroner L. S. Frere Tax Assessor Surveyor President Board of Education, J. B. Lawton, New Iberia. Superintendent Board of Education, L. O. Hacker, New Iberia. Police Jurors — First Ward: A. Gonlas; Second Ward: H. Boutte; Third Ward: A. Decuir; Fourth Ward: F. Deeourt; Fifth Ward: P. Eomero; Sixth Ward: H. Oette, J. P. Suberbielle; Seventh Ward: E. Delcambre; Eighth Ward: J. F. Brittain. Justices of the Peace — Fir.^t Ward: E. C. Landry; Second Ward: J. J. Vidrinne: Third Ward: J. A. Babin; Fourth Ward: J. E. Prince; Fifth Ward: H. Freeman: Sixth Ward: E. Brown; W. L. Grant; Sev- enth Ward: J. D. Carter: Eishth Ward: T. D. Fay. F. P. Schxnaydre. Constables — ^First Ward: C. Lvon; Second Ward: D. Louriere; Third Ward: E. Decuir; Fourth Ward: C. Boutte; Fifth Ward: D. Eomero: Sixth Ward: C. C. Palfrey; Seventh Ward: S. Miguez; Eighth Ward : A. F. Petifils, A. Mouret. Notaries Public— Appointed from May 1st, 1900, A. Gary, F. Voor- hies, A. Eenoudet, D. W. Voorhies, A. D. Foster. New Iberia, population 6,815 ; Jeanerette, 1,905 ; Erath, 215. IBEEVILLE. 646 square miles; incorporated in 1807; population, 27,006; seat of justice, Plaquemine. J. A. Grace Clerk of District Court A. A. Brown Sheriff Dr. M. E. Barker Coroner Surveyor A. Landry Tax Assessor PARISH OFFICERS^ LIST OF PRINCIPAL TOWNS, ETC 409 President Board of Education, Dr. W. A. Holloway, Rosedale. Superintendent Board of Education, C. K. Schwing, Plaquemine. Police Jurors — Eirst Ward: W. Jeiferson, T. Supple; Second Ward: A. H. Gay, Sr.; Third Ward: J. Wilbert; Eourth Ward: J. I. Brown; Fifth Ward: A. Gueymard; Sixth Ward: W. B. Eobertson; Seventh Ward: J. S. Bargas; Eighth Ward: E. D. Dardenue; Ninth Ward: P. S. Lorio. Justices of the Peace — First Ward: G. H. Cretian; V. Sauvage; Second Ward: O. D. Arhour; Third Ward: M. L. Levy, C. E. Dupuy; Fourth Ward : E. W. Hoffman ; Fifth AVard : T. H. Davis ; Sixth Ward : J. W. Brown; Seventh Ward: W. C. Jourdan; Eighth Ward: A. Temp- let; Ninth Ward: J. B. Wolfolk, Jr. Constables — First Ward: E. A. Vigier, J. Ray; Second Ward: ; Third Ward: G. Petit, N. Neveaux; Fourth Ward: J. Johnson ; Fifth Ward : ■_ ; Sixth Ward : L. Marconneaux ; Seventh Ward: S. W. Jefferson; Eighth Ward: S. R. Sparks; Nintli Ward: A. Scott. Notaries Public — x\ppointpd from May 1st, 1900: — Plaquemine, population 3,590; Whitecastle, 1,850. JACKSON. 576 square miles ; incorporated in 1845 ; population, 9,119 ; seat of justice, Vernon. E. C. Culpepper Clerk of District Court J. M. McDowell Sheriff C. L. Culpepper Coroner Surveyor W. H. Allen Tax Assessor President Board of Education, P. L. Jordan, Daily. Superintendent of Board of Education, N. M. Smith, Vernon. Police Jurors — Eirst Ward: W. M. C. Cockrell; Second Ward: R. F. McBride; Third Ward: C. W. Allen; Fourth Ward: E. C. Kidd; Fifth Ward : W. G. Griggs. Justices of the Peace — Eirst Ward: I. Canady; Second Ward: W. A. Donahoo; Third Ward: J. T. Shepherd; Fourth Ward: H. W. Sherrard ; Fifth Ward : S. B. Smith. Constables — First Ward: J. L. Joiner; Second Ward: C. E. Cul- pepper; Third Ward: F. E. Bond; Fourth Ward: M. Wages; Fifth Ward: J. H. Womack. Notaries Public — Appointed from May 1st, 1900, W. C. McDonald. J. x^. JEFFERSON. President -D- -"orporated in 1825; population, 15,321; seat of Superintendent hi/u^^ '^I'-rk of District Court 410 PARISH OFFICEKS, LIST OF PRINCIPAL TOWNS^ ETC. L. H. Marrero Sheriff S. D. GrsTiNE Coroner Surveyor K. A. BuRSLEV Tax Assessor President Board of Education, M. Wall, Amesville. Superintendent Board of Education, F. A. Middleton, McDonough- ville. Police Jitrors — First Ward: H. Hart; Second Ward: J. Spiess; Third Ward: J. Ehret; Fourth Ward: W. Rebantisch; Fifth Ward: E. P, Brady; Six'h Ward: H. Gardey; Seventh Ward: C. Flory; Eighth Ward: V. Eetz; Ninth Ward: F. L. St. Martin. JrsTREs OF THE Peace — First Ward: C. W. Rossner, Jr.; Second Ward: A. Marrero; Third Ward: V. Kerner; Fourth Ward: H. Lange; Fifth Ward : L. F. Arnault ; Sixth Ward, W. J. Adam. Constables — First Ward: C. Dauenhauer; Second Ward: J. P. Davis; Third Ward: J. Groff; Fourth Ward: A. Polky; Fifth Ward: C. Root ; Sixth Ward : J. Ledou. Notaries Public — Appointed fmm May l=t, 1900, L. A. Marrero. Gretna population. ; Ivenner population, 1,253. LAFAYETTE. 262 square miles; incorporated in 1825; population 22,825; seat of justice, Lafayette. E. G. VooRHiES Clerk of District Court I. A. Broussard Sheriff Dr. J. MouTON Coroner Surveyor A. M. Martin T&x Assessor .) . Mouton Attorney to assist Tax Collector President Board of Education, A. Olivier, Broussardville. Superintendent Board of Education, L. J. Allerman, Lafayette. Police Jurors — First Ward: A. Lacey; Second Ward: A. M. Brous- sard; Third Ward: F. G. Mouton, J. C. Buchanan; Fourth Ward: J. O. Blanchet; Fifth Ward: M. Billeaud, Jr.; Sixth Ward: S. Broussard; Seventh Ward: J. A. Labbe; Eighth Ward: J. W^hittington. Justices of the Peace — First Ward: G. Mouton; Second Ward: H. Wagner; Third Ward: C. G. Bienvenu, H. Monnier; Fourth Ward: J. 0. Savoy, E. Parent; Fifth Ward: S. Greig; Sixth Ward: J. J. Cousson, F. Abbadie; Sevfith Ward: FL D. Verrot ; Eighth Ward: C. Breaux. Constables- -First Ward: A. Chaison; Second Ward: A. Cum\ mmgs; Third Ward: L. Hirsch; T. Mouton; Fourth Ward: T..T. Sheriff K. Blanchet; Fifth Ward: A. P. Labbe; Sixth Ward: Coroner Babineaux ; Seventh Ward : E. Comeaux ; Eighth. T.' Surveyor Notaries Public — A^roin+.-^d frorp. ?.'^:. Tax Assessor PARISH OFFICERS, LIST OF PRINCIPAL TOWNS, ETC. 411 E. Parent, S. Greig, H. Wagner, C. F. Latiolais, Ben. F. Flanders, H. A. Vander Cruysson, J. L. Kennedy. Lafayette, population 3,314; Carencro, 445; Broussard, 290; Youngs- ville, 200. LAFOURCHE. 1,023 square miles; incorporated in 1807; population 28,822; seat of justice, Thibodeaux. C. J. Barker Clerk of District Court J. Beary Sheriff Dr. H. J. Price Coroner Surveyor E. E. MoRVANT Tax Assessor President Board of Education, T. A. Stack, Thibodeaux. Superintendent Board of Education, T. A. Badeaux, Thibodeaux. Police Jurors — First Ward: J. L. Basset; Second Ward: J. L. Aucoin; Third Ward: C. J. Guedry; Fourth Ward: H. Morvant; Fifth Ward: E. U. Morvant; Sixth Ward: L. Rodrigue; Seventh Ward: A. Theriot; Eighth Ward: F. Falgout; ISTinth Ward: J. L. LeBlanc; Tenth Ward : F. P. Parra. Justices of the Peace — First Ward: A, E. Hoffman; Second Ward: C. A. Engerran, O. L. Caro; Third Ward: E. P. Bernard; Fourth Ward: G. Aubat, Jr.; Fifth Ward: J. B. Bourgeois; Sixth Ward: J. Meyer; Seventh Ward: A. J. Lasseigne; Eighth Ward: M. Bourgeois; Ninth Ward: E. F. Munnier; Tenth Ward: A. Cretien. Constables — First Ward: C. Brand; Second Ward: A. Rogers, M. Dupre; Third Ward: J. D. Bernard; Fourth Ward: J. S. Barker; Fifth Ward: D. L. Lapeyrouse; Sixth Ward: J. L. Rodrigue; Seventh Ward: A. Ago; Eighth Ward: Bud White; Ninth Ward: A. Savoie; Tenth Ward : J. Remont. Notaries Public — Appointed from May 1st, 1900, R. Williamson, C. J. Conlon, G. Abribat, Jr., C. S. Larkins. Thibodeaux, population 3,253; Lockport, 411. LINCOLN. 485 square miles; incorporated in 1873; population 15,898; seat of justice, Ruston. J. W. Williams Clerk of District Court F. B. FiNLEY Sheriff S. L. White Coroner Surveyor J. R. Heard Tax Assessor President Board of Education, L. J. Bell, Chondrant. Superintendent Board of Education, W. E. Redwine, Redwine, 413 PARISH OFFICERS, LIST OF PRINCIPAL TOWNS, ETC. Police Jurors — First Ward: James H. Deloney, J. L. Bond; Second Ward: G. W. Dye; Third Ward: D. S. Aswell; Fourth Ward: J. T. M. Hancock; Fifth Ward: J. C. Jones; Sixth Ward: H. Driggers. Justices of the Peace — First Ward: S. M. Lewis; Second Ward: T. R. Colvin; Third Ward: A. Gullatt; Fourth Ward: J. H. Frasier; Fifth Ward: T. J. Ford; Sixth Ward: T. L. Waugh; Seventh Ward: S. P. Foster. Constables — First Ward: D. E. Colvin; Second Ward: T. J. Field; Third Ward: T. W. Madden; Fourth Ward: J. T. Gonies; Fifth Ward: J. E. Goodgion; Sixth Ward: S. E. Heard; Seventh Ward: A. N. K Young. Notaries Public— Appointed from May 1st, 1900, F. F. Stephens, J. D. Barksdale. Ruston, population 1,324. LIVINGSTON. 575 square miles; incorporated in 1832; population 8,100; seat of justice, Springville. M. Cooper Clerk of District Court L. D. Allen SherifE T. B. Odom Coroner Surveyor T. A. Sallassi Tax Assessor President Board of Education, J. M. Flolden, Springville. Superintendent Board of Education, B. W. Benefield, Maurepas. Police Jurors — First Ward: P. R. Erwin; Second Ward: B. R. Lockhard; Third Ward: J. Aydel; Fourth Ward: A. D. Starns; Fifth Ward: P. Vickner; Sixth Ward: Y. C. Richardson; Seventh Ward: R. H. Harris; Eighth Ward: A. J. Lard; Ninth Ward: G. W. Watts; Tenth Ward: J. W. Settoon. Justices of the Peace — First Ward: T. S. Carroll, S. B. Easterly; Second Ward: S. S. Dixon; Third Ward: F. F. Stephens; Fourth Ward: W. B. Durbin; Fifth Ward: D. W. Settoon; Sixth Ward, W. B. Mclntyre; Seventh Ward: N. Felder; Eighth Ward: J. W. Whitehead; Ninth Ward: D. M. Easley; Tenth Ward: J. S. Kimball. Constables — First Ward: D. E. Covington; Second Ward: L. Brown; Third Ward: J. P. Salassi; Fourth Ward: R. Purvis; Fifth Ward : J. A. Degen ; Sixth Ward : J. B. Simeon ; Seventh Ward : W. B. SutcliiTe; Eighth Ward: C. E. Mizell; Ninth Ward: J. B. Davidson; Tenth Ward : W. T. Schroeder. Notaries Public — Appointed from May 1st, 1900, W. J. Settoon, N. Feeder, J. F. Robertson. Springfield population, . PARISH OFFICERS, LIST OF PRINCIPAL TOWNS, ETC. 413 MADISON. 670 square miles; incorporated in 1839; population 12,332; seat of justice, Tallulah. W. H. Harvey Clerk of District Court C. H. Lucas Sheriff and Ex-officio Tax Collector G. H. Ogbourne Coroner Surveyor George Spencer Tax Assessor President Board of Education, N. Kahn, Milliken Bend. Superintendent Board of Education, G. M. Long, Delta. Police Jurors — First Ward: S. H. James; Second Ward: H. M. Floyd; Third Ward: A. J. Sevier; Fourth Ward: W. M. Scott; Fifth Ward: J. A. Coltharp; Sixth Ward: A. B. Armstrong; Seventh Ward: G. W. Jordan. Justices of the Peace — First Ward: J. S. Wilkinson; Second Ward: J. T. McFarland; Third Ward: J. Witherow; Fourth Ward: H. M. Hazel; Fifth Ward: W. Caison; Sixth Ward: T. B. Barmore; Seventh Ward: E. B. Halford. Constables — First Ward: N. Privot, A. T. Cook; Second Ward: J. N. Porterfield; Third Ward: E. M. Yerger; Fourth Ward: P. H. Hebert; Fifth Ward: F. Carson; Sixth Ward: O. B. Barmore; Seventh Ward: W. W. Johnson. Notaries Public — Appointed from May 1st, 1900, O. Hebert. Tallullah, population ; Delta, . MOREHOUSE. 760 square miles; incorporated in 1844; population 16,634; seat of justice, Bastrop. G. W. Naff Clerk of District Court W. H. Hampton Sheriff and Ex-oificio Tax Collector W. R. McCreight Coroner Surveyor R. B. Todd, Jr Tax Assessor F. M. Odom Attorney to assist Tax Collector President Board of Education, W. T. Barham, Oak Ridge. Superintendent Board of Education, W. A. Harriston, Bastrop. Police Jurors — First Ward: D. B. Spyker; Second Ward: W. Day; Third Ward: D. Pickett; Fourth Ward: J. R. Broadnax; Fifth Ward: J. S. Rolfe; Sixth Ward: D. E. Ivey; Seventh Ward: V. H. Brodnax; Eighth Ward: G. M. Patton; Ninth Ward: Geo. W. Westbrook; Tenth Ward: W. R. Brinckley. Justices of the Peace — First Ward: S. T. Morgan; Second Ward: E. W. Scales; Third Ward: R. L. Ballard; Fourth Ward: G. A. Lee, J. D. Turpin; Fifth Ward: F. M. Tucker, F. 0. Summerlin; Sixth 414 PARISH OFFICERS^ LIST OF PRINCIPAL TOWNS, ETC. Ward: H. L. McFarland; Seventh Ward: W. E. Sisson; Ninth Ward: ; Tenth Ward: J. L. Buatt. Constables— First Ward: J. W. Jones; Second Ward: W. J. Spear; Third Ward: ; Fourth Ward: W. M. Taylor; Fifth Ward: T. Files, W. O. Files; Sixth W^ard: W. D. Todd; Seventh Ward: J. G. Smith; Eighth Ward: G. A. Petcrkin; Ninth Ward: Tenth Ward: W. D. Higginbotham. Notaries Public — Appointed from May 1st, 1900, J. L. Buatt. Bastrop population, 787 ; Mer Rouge, 465 ; Oak Ridge, 348. NATCHITOCHES. 1200 square miles; incorporated in 1807; population 33,216; seat of justice, Natchitoches. H. M. Hyams Clerk of District Court J. W. Freeman Sheriff and Ex-officio Tax Collector F. T. Gallion I. Coroner Surveyor F. F. Porter Tax Assessor N. T. Smith Attorney to assist Tax Collector President Board of Education, R B. Hollingsworth, Natchitoches. Superintendent Board of Education, U. P. Breazeale, Natchitoches. Police Jurors— First Ward: G. W. Kile; Second Ward: J. R. Weaver; Third Ward: E. A. Fourtz; Fourth Ward: J. T. Clark; Fifth Ward: R. J. W. Knott; Sixth Ward: J. C. Hughes; Seventh Ward: C. A. Presley; Eighth Ward: A. R. Dowden; Ninth Ward: F. A. Cloutier; Tenth Ward: W. H. Russell. Justices of the Peace — First Ward: A. H. Lecompte, C. H. Levy; Second Ward: D. M. Simmons, M. O. Gunter; Third Ward: J. R. Murphy; Fourth Ward: J. E. Prudhomme, A. L. Deblieux; Fifth Ward: J. J. Horton, L. E. Prothro; Sixth Ward: J. E. Keegan, T. J. Welch; Seventh Ward: R. A. Hawthorne, A. C. Presly; Eighth Ward: J. W. Tobin; Ninth Ward: H. D. Beale, J. A. Lathier; Tenth Ward: R. Rachel, F. Robertson. Constables— First Ward: T. W. Ford, C. M. Perot; Second Ward: M. Walker, W. F. Terrell; Third Ward: W. E. Clark; Fourth Ward: T. J. Hart, L. E. Plaisance; Fifth Ward: S. R. Woodruff, T. G. Crump; Sixth Ward: D. C. Keegan, W. C. Hendrick; Seventh Ward: G. A. Lee, D. T. Treadway; Eighth Ward: J. Beasley; Ninth Ward: P. A. Prud- homme, C. C. O'Quinn ; Tenth Ward : F. Valery, P. Brosett. Notaries Public — Appointed from May 1st, 1900, P. S. Carter, A. C. Presley, C. W. Page. Natchitoches, population 2,388; Provencal, 246; Robeline, 464. HON. E. B. KEUTTSCHNITT, President.Board School Directors, Orleans Parish. PARISH OFFICERS^ LIST OF PRINCIP.VL TOWNS, ETC. 417 OELEANS. 187 square miles; act of incorporation ; population 287,104; seat of justice, New Orleans. Thomas Connell Clerk of Civil District Court Henry B, MoMubra v Civil Sherilf Terrence Reilley . Criminal Sheriff James A. Malloy Clerk of Criminal Court J. Ward Gurley District Attorney Dr. M. V. Richard Coroner Robert Legier Recorder of Mortgages Anthony Sambola Register of Conveyances E. B. Kruttschnitt President Board of Education Warren Easton Superintendent of Education Tax Collectors. John Fitzpatrick First District John Brewster Second District Hugh Cain Third District Robert Ewing .Fourth District Hy. N. ITmbach Fifth District Chas E. Babcock Sixth District Hy. Pohlman Seventh District State Board of Assessors. Office : City Hall, New Orleans. C. Taylor Gauche First District Alex Pujol Second District Jos. Hirn . Third District Samuel Alston Fourth District Martin Behrman Fifth District Henry Puderer Sixth District O. A. Trezevant Seventh District Martin Behrman, President of the Board. C. Taylor Gauche, Vice-President. Geo. C. Dawkins, Secretary. Inspectors of Weights and Measures. Frank P. Custer First District John Caruso Second District Joseph Moos Third District O. M. Redon Fourth District Fred. C. Wagner Fifth District Richard Welch Sixth and Seventh Districts Supervisor of Registration. J. M. Gleason Office, Criminal Court ]>uiUliiii^- Jury Commissioners — Term Four Years. Office: Criminal Court Building, New Orleans. John R. Todd. A. D. Battle. E. S. Maunsell. 418 PARISH OFFICERS^ LIST OF PRINCIPAL TOWNS, ETC. Notaries Public — (As per Judgment Civil District Court, January, 1902.) Adolph, Frederick Aleix, Ferdinand Ardill, William Bachet, Joseph Barnett, George M. Barnett, W. B. Barnett, E. J. Bassich, Jr., John Bell, Wm. A. Benedict, Percy S. Brewer, W. F. Brian, Alexis Brown, Arthur H. Buchmann, A. M. Butler, Chas. A. Butler, Frank M. Cahill, Aloysiua J. Cahn, Edgar M. Charbonnet, F. D. Clark, Thaddeus J. Collins, Conrad G. Collins, Wm. Andrew Cooper, Asahel W. Cotonio, Theodore Cousin, E. P. Davey, Jr., J. C. Bearing, Geo. W. Dejean, Michel V. Diebel, Fred. Doriocourt, Antoine Downing, Rich. H. Dreyfous, Felix J. Dufour, H. Generes Duffy, J. Watt Dupre, H. Garland Duvigneaud, Jos. Eustis, Clifford J. Eustis, J. G. Fisher, Jno. B. Florance, Ernest T. Flynn, George W. Forcelle, J. Henri Forman, Charles Formento, William J. Gernon, Michael Gill, Chas. G. Gleason, Walter L. Goldberg, Abram Griffin, Michael Grima, Edgar Guillotte, J. Valsin Gurley, Hewes T. Gurley, Wm. Morgan. Hart, Wm. Octave Henriques, J. C. Hero, Andrew, Jr. Horn, Wm. K. Hubert, L. A. Hughes, Will. L. Ker, Wm. R. Kernan, Fergus Kronenberger, G. G. Labatut, Hy. P. Lapice, Ambrose G. Lautenschlager, Jos. Leake, Hunter C. LeGardeur, Rene Legier, Jno. R. Legier, Robt. Leopold, Arthur B. Lewis, A. J. Long, Oregon W. Loomis, H. L. Jr. Lory, Francis, Jr. Mohoney, Martin H. Moloney, Robt. J. Manion, Martin H. Marinoni, Ulysses, Jr. Martinet, L. A. Marx, Fred. C. Merrick, Edwin T. Meunier, Jules F. Milner, P. M. Montgomery, George Mortimer F. H. Murphy, E. J. McConnell, Jr., Jas. Nix, J. D. Ory, Benjamin Otero, Richard B. Parker, Porter Parsons, E. A. Pascoe, W. H. Patorno, Philip J. Patton, Mercer W. Peters, A. J. Pomes, Emile Puig, Felix J. Queyrouze, Maxime J. Quintero, Lamar C Rainold, Fk. E. Rebentisch, C. G. Reilley, John J. Renaudin, Wm. Rightor, Edward Rogers, Wynne G. Rosen, Charles Rosser, J. B. Jr. Rouen, Bussiere Sansum E. Lee Schneidau, Chas. Seguin, Andre W. Seymour, E. H. Seymour, W. H. Shields, B. C. Simeon, James Simonds, E. L. Simmons, Jr., P. A. Skinner, E. K. Soniat, Chas. T. Soniat, Meloncy C. Spearing, J. Zach. Spitzfaden, Theo. Stafford, E. M. Stifft, Peter Sullivan, John P. Taylor, Joseph D. Theard, Chas. J. Titche, Bernard Trist, Nicholas B. Tullis, R. L. Untereiner, Geo. J. Upton, C. B. Upton, R. P. Vidrine, Eraste Villere, A. J. Villere, Omer Wagner, John Walshe, Jr., B. T. Walshe, Geo. C. Walton, Jos. F. Ward, John J. Watt, John Weill, E. L. Wenck, Jeff. C. Wilson, Andrew H. Woulfe, Jas. J. Wright, W. H. Zengel, Frank Zengel, Fred. Pi W I— I o W O W o o f PARISH OFFICERS^ LIST OF PRINCIPAL TOWNS, ETC. 421 OUACHITA. 640 square miles; incoi-porated in 1807; population, 20,947; seat of justice, Monroe. E. A. Young Clerk of Court D. A. Johnson Sheriff and ex-Officio Tax Collector Dr. Graham Surghnor Coroner John E. Hanna Assessor Surveyor President Board of Education, A. L. Smith, DeSaird. Superintendent of Education, U. Millsaps, "West Monroe. Police Jurors — First Ward: W. S. Rhodes; Second Ward: D. D. Johnson; Third Ward: L. Enaut; Fourth Ward: W. D. Myatt; Fifth Ward: John T. Haynes; Sixth Ward: C. li. Perry; Seventh Ward: J. M. Eainbolt; Eighth Ward: R. E. Eoss; Ninth Ward: W. A. Head; Tenth Ward: D. A. Breard, Jr. Justices of the Peace — First Ward : C. H. Calhoun ; Second Ward ; P. Trouard; Third Ward:* ;' Fourth Ward: J. C. Mills; Fifth Ward: E. W. McClendon ; Sixth Ward: W. G. Watson; Seventh Ward: Byron Parker; Eighth Ward: C. A. McCain; Ninth Ward: O. L. Hind- ricks; Tenth Ward:* Constables — First Ward: J. O. Stevens; Second Ward: W. J. Scriber; Third Ward: Joe Mansrham ; Fourth Ward: J. C. Bres; Fifth Ward: C. E. Averett; Sixth Ward: John P. Eoan; Seventh Ward: E. V. Waller; Eighth Ward: C. G. Coot; Ninth Ward: W. H. Vaughn; Tenth Ward : Joe Mangham. Notaries Public — Appointed since May 1st, 1900, Allan Sholars, Monroe. Monroe, population 5,428 ; West Monroe, 775. PLAQUEMINES. 930 square miles; incorporated in 1807; population, 13,039; seat uf justice, Point-a-la-Hache. A. T. Alberti Clerk of Court Frank C. Mevers Sheriff and ex-OfScio Tax Collector J. E. Johnson Coroner Marc. Cognevitch Assessor ■ Surveyor President Board of Education, F. W. Gleason, Dalcour P. O. Superintendent of Education, P. A. Gravolet, Point-a-la-IIache. Police Jurors — First Ward: Geo. E. Mann; Second Ward: Adrien Leopold; Third Ward: E. A. Schayot; Fourth Ward: Thomas Brophy; Fifth Ward: George Schoenberger ; Sixth Ward: John Aruoli; Seventh ♦Charles Schulze, City Judge, for Third and Tenth Wards. 422 PARISH OFFICERS^ LIST OF PRINCIPAL TOWNS, ETC. Ward: Roselius Perez; Eighth Ward: Dave Witham; Ninth Ward: Chas. Ballay; Tenth Ward: J. B. Fasterling. Justices of the Peace — First Ward: Chas. Strack; Second Ward: Henry Meyer and H. O. Martin; Third Ward: P. E. Barry and Joseph Floschia; Fourth Ward: Geo. W. Delesdernier ; Fifth Ward: E. Fellou; Sixth Ward: J. B. Louis; Seventh Ward: Geo. Fried; Eighth Ward: Geo. V. Groleau; Ninth Ward: Simeon Martin; Tenth Ward: M. E. Bannon. Constables — First Ward: Bazile Henry; Second Ward: Fritz Meyer and O. Hingle; Third Ward: Victor Royas and Thomas Staniel; Fourth Ward: W. P. Simmons and Joseph Angelo, Jr.; Fifth Ward: Eve Jajo; Sixth Ward: John Murray; Seventh Ward: Henry Ruiz; Eighth Ward: Leonce Maury; Ninth Ward: Rene Rousselle; Tenth Ward: Philip Cognovich. Notaries Public — Appointed since May 1st, 1900: . Point-a-la-Hache, population ; Port Eads, . POINTE COUPEE. 575 square miles; incorporated in 1807; population, 25,777; seat of justice, New Roads. A. L. J ewell Clerk of Court E. G. Beuker Sherift' and ex-OfHcio Tax Collector Dr. Adolph TiRcriT Coroner J. A. Dayries Assessor John H. Glanton Surveyor President of Board of Education, T. R. Lorio, Anchor P. O. Superintendent of Education, W. C. Carruth, New Roads P. O. Police Jurors — First Ward: S. R. Harmanson; Second Ward: Geo. Keller: Third Ward: G. P. Lacour; Fourth Ward: F. A. Beauvais; Fifth Ward: J. H. Stonacker; S"xth Ward: F. A. Decuir; Seventh Ward: Z. T. Henderson; Ei.ylith Ward: J. A. Rougon; Ninth Ward: Oliver St. Dizier; Teiitli Ward: F. P. Erwin. Justices of the Peace — First Ward: Jos. M. Patterson; Second Ward: E. B. Smith; Third Ward: Henry Moebuis; Fourth Ward: J. A. Oubre; Fifth Ward: Guy Belzons and J. J. Monceret; Sixth Ward: J. G. Lieux; Seventh Ward: J. A. Landry; Eighth Ward: John C. Tully; Ninth Ward: Auguste Pourcian and J. B. Lejune; Tenth Ward: C. G. Bailey. Constables — First Ward: B. R. Harvey; Second Ward: E. B. Smith; Third Ward: J. E. Lacour; Fourth Ward: J. G. Ryan; Fifth Ward: Sam Taiclee; Sixth Ward: F. T. Gremillion; Seventh Ward: W. G. Picard; Eighth Ward: Augusto Webre; Ninth Ward: Joseph Picard and J. H. Hurst; Tenth Ward: Edgar Pourcian. Notaries Public — Appointed since May 1, 1900, Albin Provosty, T. Alphonse Oubre, Charles R. Tessier, Henry Moebius, Joseph Marion Patterson, Clemojit E. Ray, Jacob H. Morrison. New Roade, population 700. PARISH OFFICERS, LIST OF PRIKCIPAL TOWNS, ETC. 423 RAPIDES. 1,498 square miles; incorporated in 1807; population, 39,578; seat of justice, Alexandria. C. M. KiLPATRicK Clerk of Court D. T. Stafford Sherili' and ex-Officio Tax Collector Dr. S. H. Hushing Coroner W. T. Texada Assessor Egbert W. Brinuhurst Surveyor President Board of Education, Jonas Rosenthal, Alexandria. Superintendent of Education, L. L. Hooe, Alexandria. Police Jurors — Eirst Ward: Bernard Weil, Tlios. C. Weadon; Second Ward: David Weinberg; Third Ward: E. A. Swaim; Fourth Ward: B. H. Randolph; Eifth Ward: J. H. Carruth; Sixth Ward: R. M. White; Seventh Ward: J. Dawson Johnson; Eighth Ward: E. Seip; Ninth Ward: H. E. Bradford; Tenth Ward: J. E. Ball. Justices of the Peace — Eirst Ward: W. W. Whittin^on, A. B. Rachal; Second Ward: Robert Martin, B. E. Pittman; Third Ward: J. R. Hart, A. W. Carroll; Eourth Ward: S. Y. Bedgood, J. J. Eerguson; Eifth Ward: W. T. Barr, B. E. Perkins; Sixth Ward: E. Al. Lambright, H. E. Galeman; Seventh^ Ward : Jas. H. Rudisill, Daniel B. Robert; Eighth Ward: T. Speuce Smith, L. C. Sanford; Ninth Ward: Andrew David, T. B. Daniel; Tenth Ward: W. S. Hadnot, John W. Moffet. Constables — Eirst Ward: R. L. Dunham, J. A. Rachal; Second Ward: Ed. Dunn, A. C. Stafford; Third Ward: George S. Tanner, D. M. Eurlow; Eourth Ward: J. D. Dunn, G. I. Patrick; Eifth Ward: H. Welden, Allen DeShazar; Sixth Ward: Henry Perkins, John Doucey; Seventh Ward: L. M. Townsend, Theodore Roberts; Eighth Ward: R. H. Murphy, S. R. Smith; Ninth Ward: J. J. Duplessis, E. B. Price; Tenth Ward: J. T. Yawn, R. E. Nugent. Notaries Public — Appointed since May 1, 1900, H. B. Landis, L. B. Hackenjos, L. L. Hooe, J. H. Normand, Jr., W. W. Whittington, Jr., John W. Britt, John R. Hunter, Thos. C. Barrow. Alexandria, population 5,648; Boyce, 832; Pineville, 617. RED RITER. 386 square miles; incorporated in 1871; population, 11,548; seat of justice, Coushatta. T. E. Paxton Clerk of Court Keith Lockett Sheriff and ex-Officio Tax Collector C. E. Edgerton , Coroner F. B. Williams Assessor " — ■ i Surveyor President of Board of Education, L. M. Howard, Coushatta. Superintendent of Education, John I. Teer, Coushatta. Police Jurors— First Ward: J. C. Brown; Second Ward: S. T. 424 PARISH OFFICERS, LIST OP PRINCIPAL TOWNS, ETC. Teer, ISr.; Third Ward: J. H. Alums; Eoui-th Ward: John Crichtou; Fifth Ward: O. T. Webb; Sixth Ward: E. T. Robinson. Justices of the Peace — Fii-st Ward: J. L. Pro thro; Second Ward: J. M. Hawkins; Third Ward: W. H. Elliott; Fourth Ward: John H. Booth; Fifth Ward: Charles H. Terry; Sixth Ward: E. L. Kent. Constables — First Ward: Martin Clark, F. jM, Adams; Second Ward: R. R. McDowell; Third Ward: M. M. Pearce, M. L. Davis; Fourth Ward: James Curry; Fifth Ward: L. W. Delaney; Sixth Ward: J. J. Thomas. Notaries Public — Appointed since May 1, 1900, Thos W. Nettles. Coushatta, population 600. RICHLAND. 578 square miles; incorporated in 18G8; population, 11,116; seat of justice, Rayville. J. W. SuMMERLiN Clerk of Court W. N. Traylor Sherilf and ex-Oflicio Tax Collector Dr. H. F. WiLKiNS Coroner Robert 13. Mhoon Assessor Surveyor President of Board of Education, J. S. Summerlin, Rayville P. O. Superintendent of Education, W. A. Spiers, Delhi, Police Jurors — First Ward: H. D. Carpenter; Second Ward: W. T. Cook; Third W^ard: Geo. Dunham; Fourth Ward: F. M. Smith; Fifth Wai-d: W. A. Bough ton; Sixth Ward: H. MJioon; Seventh Ward: J. F. Burns. Justices of the Peace — First Ward: F. A. Miles, Thos. Lynan; Second Ward: William T. Oliver, Jr.; Third Ward: J. R. Myrick; Fourth Ward : A. C. Jones, Sr. ; Fifth Ward : P. H. Austin ; Sixth Ward : H. G. Beale; Seventh Ward: J. J. Pritchard. Constables — First Ward — Clifton Leggett, Chas. B. Wathen; Second Ward: H. C. Pritchard; Third Ward: E. T. Beckley; Fourth Ward:: W. C. Chenault; Fifth Ward: Chas. F. Bronson; Sixth Ward: Thomas Brown; Seventh Ward: Thomas Byargeon. Notaries Public — Appointed since May 1, 1900, Geo. Wesley Smith. SABINE 3,008 s(iuare miles; incorporated in 1803; popultion, 15,421; seat of justice. Many. W. E. McNeely Clerk of Court H. Henderson Sheriff and ex-Officio Tax Collector J. V. Nash Coroner ■ Surveyor W. II. Vandegear Assessor J. H. Boone Atty. to assist Tax Collector PARISH OFFICERS, LIST OF PRINCIPAL TOWNS, ETC. 425 President of Board of Education, J. W. Taylor, Ft. Jessup P. 0. Superintendent of Education, Don. E. Sorelle, Many. Police Jurors — First Ward: G. M. Addison; Second Ward: W. L. Speights; Third Ward: H. M. Gandy; Fourth Ward: J. J. McCollister; Fifth ^\ard: T. Laroux; Sixth Ward: J. M. Paul; Seventh Ward: D. E. Stevens ; Eig-hth Ward : Wm. C. Maines ; Ninth Ward : John Edmund- son; Tenth Ward: J, T. Tanner. Justices of the Peace — First Ward: J. W. Pharis and J. M. San- dell; Second Ward: S. J. Speights; Third Ward: J. S. Carroll; Fourth Ward: J. M. Prother, T. C. Gaddis; Fifth Ward: H. H. Patrick; Sixth Ward: H. Hubert; Seventh Ward: J. J. Brown and A. P. Keen; Eighth Ward: J. D. McClenny; Ninth Ward: E. A. Pierce; Tenth Ward : R. W. Collier. Constables — First Ward: J. E. Jordan, A. C. Leach; Second Ward: R. C. Morris; Third Ward: N. A. Watkins; Fourth Ward: James W. Lowry, J. E. Mcllwain; Fifth Ward: Jeff. Self; Sixth Ward: J. W. Cassell; Seventh Ward: J. M. Harrell, Webb Ross; Eighth Ward: W. E. Maines; Ninth Ward: C. C. Bryan; Tenth Ward: Peter Tatum. Notaries Public — Appointed since May 1, 1900, John S. Carroll, W. S. Brown, Thos. G. McMichael, Irwin McCauley, J. D. McClenny, John H. Boone, Lee N. Bush, Robert Trampton, John Brew. Many, population 345; Pleasant Hill, 300; Zwolle, 276. ST. BERNARD. 680 square miles; incorporated in 1807; population, 5,031; seat of justice, Arabi. Jas. D. St. Alexandre Clerk of Court E. E. Nunez Sheriff and ex-Officio Tax Collector Dr. L. E. Foudrlat Coroner A. C. Gonzales Assessor Surveyor President of Board of Education, Michel Cambre, St. Bernard P. O. Superintendent of Education, J, D. St. Alexander, St. Bernard P. O. Police Jurors — First Ward: Sebastian Roy; Second Ward: Gus- tave Jacques; Third Ward: Lovinski Nunez; Fourth Ward: Adam Estopinal; Fifth Ward: Henry Verret; Sixth Ward: Martin Nunez; Seventh Ward: A. C. Ruiz. Justices of the Peace — First Ward: Albert Nunez; Second Ward: Octave Perrez; Third Ward: P. V. Relimpio; Fourth Ward: Michel Cambre; Fifth Ward: Alexander Nunez; Sixth Ward: M. Alphonso; Seventh Ward : A. B. Woodruff. Constables — First Ward: Jack Serpas; Second Ward: Sidney Ser- pas; Third Ward: S. L. Estopinal; Fourth Ward: Alcide Hernandez; Fifth Ward : Armos Nunez ; Sixth Ward : Col. Menesses ; Seventh Ward : Arthur Ruiz. 426 PARISH OFFICERS^ LIST OF PRINCIPAL TOVVNS^ ETC. ST. CHAELES. 284 square miles; incorporated in 18U7; population, 5,031; seat of justice, Hahnville. J . L. Triche Clerk of Court Lewis Ory Sheriff and ex-Officio Tax Collector Dr. V. Lehmann Coroner Ch AS. Elfer Assessor Surveyor P. E. Edrington Attorney to assist Tax Collector President of Board of Education, H. L. Youngs, Boutte P. O. Superintendent of Education, T. B. Sellers, Ama P. O. Pouce Jury— First Ward: B. F. Boyle; Second Ward: T. C. Madere; Third Ward: Felix Perilloux; Fourth Ward: H. L. Youngs; Fifth Ward: E. E. Torregrossa. JusTiCKS OF THE Peace — First Ward: J. F. Troxler; Second Ward: L. J. Lauve; Third Ward: O. Keller; Fourth Ward: R. E. Cocke; Fifth Ward: C. P. Bossier. Constables — First Ward : F. Bourgeois ; Second Ward : L. L. Cham- pagne; Third Ward: Louis Maus; Fourth Ward: Henry Laque; Fifth Ward: Charles Songy. ST. HELENA. 413 square miles; incoi"porated in 1811; population, 8,479; seat of justice, Greensburg. M. C. Wilson Clerk of Court E. B. Watson Sheriff and ex-Officio Tax Collector li. G. Morris Coroner J. D. Williams Assessor • Surveyor President of Board of Education, W. T. Woodward, Grangeville P. 0. Superintendent of Education, J. D. Easley, Liverpool P. 0. Police Jurors— First Ward: B. H. Newsom; Second Ward: T. H. Allen; Third Ward: M. B. Harviu; Fourth Ward: W. E. Morgan; Fifth Ward: R. D. Wilson; Sixth Ward: C. U. Lee. Justices of the Peace — First Ward: J. B. Easley; Second Ward: A. W. Carruth, J. S. Calvit; Third Ward: T. J. Smart; Fourth Ward: L. J. Quinn; Fifth Ward: L. Bennett; Sixth Ward: R. L. Schwartz. Constables— First Ward: W. N. Bates; Second Ward: T. M. Birch T. M. Lee; Third Ward: J. T. Cobler; Fourth Ward: J. G. John- son; Fifth Ward: G. B. Doughty; Sixth Ward: W. W. Travis. Notaries Public — Appointed since May 1, 1900, John B. Deau, Milton A. Strickland, Adville Atkins. Greensburg, population 315. PARISH OFFICERS,, LIST OF PRINCIPAL TOWNS, ETC. 427 ST. JAMES. 308 square miles; incorporated in 1807; population, 20,197; seat of justices, Convent. Emile J. Laiche Clerk of Court Louis Le Bourgeois Sheriff and ex-Officio Tax Collector Dr. Oscar Gaudet Coroner A. L. Bourgeois Assessor Surveyor President of Board of Education, L. A. Gourdain, Convent P. O. Superi]itendent of Education, J. N. Gourdain, Convent P. O. Police Jurors — First Ward: John Dibert; Second Ward: Ernest Subra; Third Ward: Xuma Comio; Fourth Ward: J. W. Walsh; Fifth Ward: Edgar J. Bertaut; Sixth Ward: Octave Roussel; Seventh Ward: Louis Hymel; Eighth Ward: Ulysses Steib. Justices of the Peace — First Ward: H. J. Poche, Edmond Bour- geois; Second Ward: Floran LeBoeuf; Third Ward: Zach Crane; Fourth Ward: Feliciene Chauvin ; Fifth Ward: C. O. Lasseiggne; Sixth Ward: Armand Agaisse; Seventh Ward: Maurice Gaudet; Eighth Ward: Willy Bourgeois. Coxst.vbles — Firet Ward: L. J. Deslattes, J. S. Van Troup; Second Ward : Ambrose Brand ; Third Ward : M. E. Helton ; Fourth Ward: Frederick Taylor; Fifth Ward: Theobald Browm ; Sixth Ward: A. Marcell; Seventh Ward: Henry Collins; Eighth Ward: Victor Jones Jr. Notaries Public — Appointed since May 1, 1900, Oscar D. Billou, Henry M. Himell, Richard Esterbrook, Louis S. Bourgeois. ST. JOHN. 190 sqaaro mJies; incorporated in 1807; population, 12,330; seat of justice, Edgard. Zenon Millet Clerk of Court Paul Berthelot Sheriff and ex-Officio Tax Collector Dr. L. B. Chauff Coroner • Surveyor Geo. H. Tassix Assessor L. H. Marrero, Jr Atty. to assist Tax Collector President of Board of Education, J. D. Perilloux, Lions P. O. Superintendent of Education, C. E. Geudron, Edgard P. 0. Police Jurors — First Ward: Charles E. Gendron; Second Ward: Ernest Sentilles; Third Ward: Alovan Granier; Fourth Ward: A. A. Lagaronne; Fifth Ward: Joseph Le Brum; Sixth Ward: George Bour- geois. Justices of the Peace — First Ward: J. L. Pancaire; Second Ward: N. F. Pecquet; Third Ward: Emile Tregre; Fourth Ward: S. N. Elfer; Fifth Ward: Gustavo Duhe; Sixth Ward: Wilson P. Tregre. 428 PAKISn OFFICEKS, LIST OF PRINCIPAL TOWNS, ETC. Constables — First "Ward: Jules E. Savoil; Second Ward: Olivier Oubre; Third Ward: Jeiferson Mericq; Fourth Ward: James Roussel; Fifth Ward: Eene Montz; Sixth Ward: Louis Tregre. ST. LANDRY. 3,G42 square miles; incorporated in 1807; population, 52,906; seat of justice, Opelousas. H. E. EsTORGE Clerk of Court Marion L. Swords Sheriff and ex-Officio Tax Collector R. M. Littell Coroner W. II. Prescott Assessor Surveyor President of Board of Education, Ramond Breaux, Opelousas P. 0. Superintendent of Education, J. L. Guilbeau, Opelousas. Police Jurors — First Ward: Diomel Durio, Jonas P. Smith and J. K. Sandoz; Second Ward: Jas. Darby; Third Ward: Jules Quebe- deaux; Fourth Ward: W. T. Clopton; Fifth Ward: J. J. Fontenot, Auguste J. Muller and Homer Savant; Sixth Ward: Sam Haas; Sev- enth Ward: R. L. Derouen; Eighth Ward: Olibe Manuel. Justices of the Peace — First Ward: Arthur Simon and John Mornhingvey; Second Wai-d: Esterman Lafleur; Third Ward: Fourth Ward: J. A. Smith; Fifth Ward: J. B. Gardiner; Sixth Ward G. Dekerlegard and A. Arnaud; Seventh Ward: Samuel H. Butler Eighth Ward : R. Lee Hawkins ; Ninth Ward : Wesley Budden ; Tenih Ward: B. F. Vanoy; Eleventh Ward: S. Derbes and W. E. Gay; Twelfth Ward: Marshall P. Stagg; Thirteenth Ward: Marius Roberri; Four- teenth Ward: Eli Clark; Fifteenth Ward: F. L. Fuselier and Leon Demoruelle; Sixteenth Ward: Louis Bacou; Seventeenth Ward: A. W. Courville; Eighteenth Ward: S. J. Gosselin; Nineteenth Ward: A. W. Dejan. Constables — First Ward: E. S. Keer and E. K. Wallios; Second Ward: ]\renton Dupre; Third Ward: ; Fourth Ward: Felix Miller; Fifth Ward: Laurent Domengeau; Sixth Ward: Alexis Moreau and Alexandre Moreau ; Seventh Ward : W. C. Gordon ; Eighth Ward : W. S. Reynolds; Ninth Ward: W. C. Suiter; Tenth Ward: C. F. Sloan; Eleventh Ward: Leon Lastroppes and Phillip Zernott; Twelfth Ward: Chas. Lafleur; Thirteenth Ward: F. L. Doucet; Fourteenth Ward: E. H. Wolff; Fifteenth Ward: Emile A. Soileau and Ceanea Veillon; Six- teenth Ward: William C. Tete; Seventeenth Ward: Landry Rogeau; Eighteenth Ward: Lucien P. Petrie; Nineteenth Ward: Adam Gay. Notaries Public— Appointed since May 1, 1900, Gilbert L. Dupre, Alfred Pavy, Leon Demourelle, D. H. Quirk, Ludovie Fontenot; Edward Dardean, Francis X. Bermen, Jules Gil, John M. Mornhinvey, J. A. Smith. Eli Clark, R. L. Derouen, W. C. Perrault, Austin Fontenot, W. E. Gay, Arthur Simeon, Edward P. Veazie. Opelousas, population 2,951; Washington, 19Y; Grand Coteau, 521; Arnaudville, 327; Ville Platte, 163; Melville, 517. PARISH OFFICERS^ LIST OF PRINCIPAL TOWNS^ ETC. 429 ST. MARTIN. 648 square miles; incorporated in 1811; population, 18,910; seat of justice, St, Martinsville. A. V. Fleming Clerk of Court Oneziphore Badon, Sheriff and ex-Officio Tax Collector Dr. Arthur Guilbeau Coroner Gilbert Durand Assessor Surveyor Robert Martin Atty. to assist Tax Collector President Board of Education, T. J. Labbe, St. Martinsville P. O. Superintendent of Education, A. S. Woods, St. Martinsville P. O. Police Jurors — First Ward: A. P. Reseweber and Jules Bourque; Second Ward: Charles Larson; Third Ward: J. Laurent Ducrest; Fourth Ward: Raymond St. Germain; Fifth Ward: Benjamin Kidder. Justices of the Peace — First Ward: Leopold Lopez and Felix Zol Power ; Second Ward : Anatole J. Veret ; Third Ward : Alcee Wiltz ; Fourth Ward; O. Broussard and H. M. Niblett; Fifth Ward: A. A. Dupre. Constables — First Ward: Edward Gueriniere and Ben Bertrand; Second Ward: Alph Verret; Third Ward: Louis Portier^ Fourth Ward: Eraste Champagne and Edward Thibodeaux; Fifth Ward: A. Guilbeau. Notaries Public — Appointed since May 1, 1900, Olivier Broussard, James Simon, J. Maurill Olivier, James E. Mouton, G. D. Domengeaux, Frank T. Guilbeau, Francis E. Delahoussaye, Dan. W. Voorhies. St. Martinsville, population 1,926; Breaux Bridge, 654. ST. MARY. square miles; incorporated in 1811; population, 34,145; seat of justice, Franklin. J. A. LORET Clerk of Court John B. Sanders Sheriff and ex-Officio Tax Collector Dr. Augustus J. Smith Coroner W. T. Jones Assessor Surveyor President of Board of Education, R. R. Cocke, Franklin P. O. Superintendent of Education, W. H. Kramer, Franklin P. O. Police Jurors — First Ward: H. Delhaye; Second Ward: T. F. Frere ; Third Ward : John M. Ibert and Alyre Robichaux ; Fourth Ward : Charles T. Hanagriff; Fifth Ward: J. F. Lasus; Sixth Ward: John D. Diackett ; Seventh Ward : Alfred Fortier. Justices of the Peace — First Ward: L. A. Mendoza and Emile Perret; Second Ward: R. Hanf; Third Ward: Isaac Mayer and 0. W. 430 PARISH OFFICERS^ LIST OF PRINCIPAIi TOWNS, ETC. Brown ; Fourth Ward : N. J. Wooster ; Fifth Ward : Ion Rochelle ; Sixth Ward: B. F. Horton and Wm. Costello; Seventh Ward: A. E, Gahn. Constables — First Ward: Paul Mendoza and Emile Peret, Jr.; Second Ward: T. H. Dumesniel; Third Ward: Alfred Pecot and E. S. Martin ; Fourth Ward : P. B. Allen ; Fifth Ward : Chris. Peterson ; Sixth Ward: Ed. Bourgeois and L. A. Hughes; Seventh Ward: M, D. Legnon. Notaries Public — Appointed since May 1, 1900, T. M. Nielling, Geo. B. Shepherd, Chas. A. Bibbins, Alexander Pecot, Emile Perret, Walter T. Gilmore, Chas. L. Wise, Jas. R. Parkerson, Walter R. Gates, Placide P. Sigur. Franklin, population 2,692; Berwick, 713; Morgan City, 2,332. ST. TAMMANY. square miles ; incorporated in 1811 ; population, 13,335 ; seat of justice, Covington. H. R. Warren Clerk of Court T. E. Brewster Sheriff and Ex-officio Tax Collector Dr. Julius F. Heintz Coroner Warren Thomas Assessor John M. Yates Surveyor T. M. Burns Attorney to assist Tax Collector President Board of Education, L. L. Morgan, Mandeville P. 0. Superintendent Board of Education, J. B. Lancaster, Covington. Police Jurors — First Ward: Geo. Koepp, Jr.; Second Ward: Wm. Beuhl ; Third Ward : P. C. Alexius ; Fourth Ward : Jos. M. Smith ; Fifth Ward: Crawford Williams; Sixth Ward: U. Q. Parker; Seventh Ward: John A. Todd; Eighth Ward: John Sivinson; Ninth Ward: M. E. Cause. Justices of the Peace — First Ward: George W. Dutsch and Gus- tavo Duport; Second Ward: Wilton Bums; Third Ward: C .L. Smith and E. R. Doyle; Fourth Ward: James L. Phillips and Theo. Strain; Fifth Ward: John P. Neizell; Sixth Ward: Laville Bremer; Seventh Ward: Howard A. Pierce; Eighth Ward: M. A. Crockett; Ninth Ward: John Y. Crow. Constables — First Ward: Chas. L. Olsen, 0. J. Oulliber; Second Ward: Rea McKee; Third Ward: E. J. Pechon, Eugene Oupries^ ; Fourth Ward ; Sam L. Phillips and Ed Smith ; Fifth Ward : S. L. Jen- kins; Sixth Ward: Isaac Tally; Seventh Ward: W. E. Talley; Eighth Ward : John Crawford ; Ninth Ward : H. E. Badon. Notaries Public — Appointed since May 1, 1900, B. F. Martindale, Lewis L. Morgan. Covington, population 1,205; Madisonville,779 ; Mandeville, 1,029; Slidell, 1,129. PARISH OFFICERS^ LIST OP PRINCIPAL TOWNS, ETC. 431 TANGIPAHOA. 790 square miles; incorporated in 1869; population 17,625; Beat of justice, Amite City. Alfred K. Lewis Clerk of Court Festus p. Mix Siieriti" and ex-Olficio Tax Collector S. L. Prowlett Coroner John Puletson Assessor J. H. Alford Surveyor Presdent of Board of Education, Dr. C. S. Stewart, Amite City- Superintendent of Education, O. P. Amacker, Kentwood, P. O. Police Jurors — First Ward: R. Scott Varnado; Second Ward, Joseph M. Breiand; Third Ward: E. H. Dranke and John Saal; Fourth Ward: John H. Hyde; Fifth Ward: B. F. Joiner; Sixth Ward: R. D. Buck; Seventh Ward: E. Gookin; Eighth Ward S. B. Cooper, Jr. Justices of the Peace — First Ward: T. J. Thompson and John P. Dunnigan; Second Ward: M. L. Wall; Third Ward: L. M. Kam, J. J. Lautier ; Fourth Ward : Wm. P. Russell ; Fifth Ward : John Dykes ; Sixth Ward: J. D. Courmes; Seventh Ward: R. F. Jackson, N. M. Tucker; Eigfhth Ward: John Oshner. Constables — First Ward: Joe Magee, J. B. Lewis; Second Ward: M. C. Nixon; Third Ward: A. J. Alford, J. V. Robinson; Fourth Ward: M. Nixon; Fifth Ward: E. Bennett; Sixth Ward: Rene Chahnes; Seventh Ward: J. D. Hughes, J. W. Dugganis; Eighth Ward: R. W. Cooper. Notaries Public — Appointed since May 1, 1900: Alfred W. Spiller, W. H. McClendon, Clifton Stigall, Leroy N. Karn, James B. Adams, R. F. Jackson, O. P. Amacker. Amite City, population, 1,547; Hammond, 1,511; Tangipahoa, 297; Kentwood, 1,313, Roseland, 1,320. TENSAS. 612 square miles; incorporated in 1842; population, 19,070; seat of justice,, St. Joseph. Jos. Curry Clerk of Court W. C. Young Sheriff and Ex-officio Tax Collector E. T. Newell Coroner W. G. Fulton Assessor President of Board of Education, H. A. Garrett, St. Joseph. Superintendent of Education, A. E. Greene, St. Joseph. Justices of the Peace — First Ward: W. W. Bland; Second Ward: Louis Buckner; Third Ward: S. Boudurant, Sr.; Fourth Ward: L. F. Smith; Fifth Ward: John G. O'Kelly; Sixth Ward: W. D. A. Gorten; Seventh Ward : Chas. Johnson. Police Jurors — First Ward: S. F. Hopkins; Second Ward: John Murdoch; Third Wardt Frank H. Gurry; Fourth Ward: H. S. Nicholls; 432 PARISH OFFICEBS, LIST OF PRINCII'AL TOVVNS^ ETC. Fifth Ward: John G. O'Kelly; Sixth Ward: R. D. Shelley; Seventh Ward: David D. Miller. Constables — First Ward: John Mills; Second Ward: J. T. Gerdon; Third Ward: J. R. Smitha; Fourth Ward: E. T. Berry; Fifth Ward: Wm. Page ; Sixth Ward : John D. Shelton ; Seventh Ward : Ed Strange. Notaries Public — Appointed since May 1, 1900: Thomas M. Wade. Towns: St. Joseph, population, 717; Waterproof, 298. TERREBONNE. 1806 square miles; incorporated in 1822; population, 24,464; seat of justice, Houma. 0. A. Celestln Clerk of Court A. W. Connelly Sheiiti' and Ex-officio Tax Collector Dr. C. a. Duval Coroner Claude A. Duval, Jr Assessor Surveyor Chah. W. Du Roy Attorney to assist Tax Collector President of Board of Education, T. H. Casey, Gibson, P. 0. Superintendent of Education, Arthur Kelly, Gibson P. O. Police Jurors — First Ward: E. B. Hebert; Second Ward: Alex Mc- Collam; Third Ward: L. F. Carrue; Fourth Ward: J. M. Breaux; Fifth Ward: E. Ellender; Sixth Ward: Leo Lirette; Seventh Ward: F. E. Gui- dry; Eighth Ward: F. E. Boudreaux; Nintih Ward: J. S. Miller; Tenth Ward: Xavier St. Martin. Justices of the Peace — First Ward: Constant Le Blanc; Second Ward: A. A. LeBlanc, R. E. Dill; Third Ward: J. P. Larrieu, J. C. Bourg; Fourth Ward: A. C. Kohlman; Fifth Ward: Chas. J. Cham- pagne; Sixth Ward: Anatole Rhodes; Seventh Ward: J. P. Rouen; Eighth Ward: F. R. Richaud; Ninth Ward: H. C. Daspit; Tenth Ward: T. S. Wright. Constarles — First Ward: William Butcher; Second Ward: Adam Savoie, M. H. Daunis; Third Ward: Adam Duthu, Jules Levron; Fourth Ward: Ernest Cantrelle; Fifth Ward: Alfred Martin; Sixth Ward: E. Rhodes; Seventh Ward: J. A. Rouen; Eighth Ward: Ivy Rochel; Ninth Ward: Ed SdhefFler; Tenth Ward: Emile Porche. Town : Houma, population, 3,212. UNION. 886 square miles; incorporated in 1839; population, 18,520; seat of justice, Farmerville. E. Everett Clerk of Court Chas. H. Murphy Sheriff and Ex-Officio Tax Collector J. G. Taylor Coroner James M. Underwood Assessor H. H. Ward Surveyor PARISH OFFICERS^ LIST OF PRINCIPAL TOWNS, ETC. 433 President of Board of Education, J. G. Trimble, Farmerville. Superintendent of Education, B. F. Pleasant, Farmerville. Police Jurors — First Ward: Benj. I'aylor; Second Ward: D. W. Hollis; Third Ward: S. W. Taylor; Fourth Ward: W. F. Grafton; Fifth Ward : W. S. Cooper ; Sixth Ward : J. B. Clark. Justices of the Peace — First Ward : Henry Arche ; Second Ward : John Rodgers; Third Ward: Geo. F. Clark; Fourth Ward: T. L. Hal- loway; Fifth Ward: R. A. Gibson; Sixth Ward: B. M. Tatom; Seventh Ward: J. W. Hunt; Eighth Ward: D. K. McLaurin, J. E. Ferguson: Ninth Ward: J. B. Cole; Tenth Ward: S. R. Terrall. Constables — First Ward : Jos Hall ; Second Ward : F. T. Malone ; Third Ward: J. W. Montgomery; Fourth Ward: J. A. Gresham; Fifth Ward: W. H. Slade; Sixth Ward: R. L. Davis; Seventh Ward: W. S. Spears; Eighth Ward: Job S'erling; Ninth Ward: Chas. Simmons; Tenth Ward : D. W. Hicks. Towns: Farmerville, population, 458; Junction City, 389. VERMILION. 1,226 square miles ; incorporated in 1844 ; population, 20,Y05 ; seat of justice, Abbeville. Simonet Le Blanc Clerk of Court J. Oscar Hebert Sheriff and Ex-OfBcio Tax Collector Dr. C. J. Edwards Coroner E. H. Gueydan Assessor Surveyor President of Board of Education, O. Bourg, Abbeville P. O. Superintendent of Education, J. R. Kitchell, Abbeville P. O. Police Jurors — First Ward : S. D. Le Blanc ; Second Ward : C. Har- rington; Third Ward: JM. L. Eldridge; Fourth Ward: Aristide Picard; Fifth Ward: T. J. Hauffpauir; Sixth Ward: Babilas Le Blanc; Seventh Ward: Joseph Thenll ; Eighth Ward: Worthy Quereau. Justices of the Peace — First Ward : P. Pelloat ; Second Ward : Joseph Trahan; Third Ward: F. M. Leguenec, O. II. O'Bryan ; Fourth Ward: James M. Seaon ; Fifth Ward: S. A. Dubas; Sixth Ward: A. Schlessinger and F. C. Darby; Seventh Ward: Felix O'Neill; Eighth Ward : J. E. B. Jones. Constables — First Ward: Camile Le Blanc; Second Ward: Andrew Moss; Third Ward: IT. B. Lyons, C. B. XTpchurch ; Fourth Ward: R. J. Hebert; Fifth Ward: Paul F. Richard; Sixth Ward: B. J. Hart- man, Martin Touchet; Seventh Ward: J. B. Mills; Eighth Ward: L. P. Theriot. Notaries Public — Appointed since May 1, 1900: S. P. Watts, Jos. G. Le Blanc, S. A. Dubus, J. A. Schlessinger, W. B. Gordy, William P. Ed- wards; O. H. O'Bryan, J. W. Shanks, Leonard Meaux, Ed Haste, John Nugier, Jr., Edward Thorp. Towns: Abbeville, population, 1,536; Gueydan, 376. 434 PAlilSH OFFICERS, LIST OF PRINCIPAL TOWNS, ETC. VERNON. 1,540 square miles; incorporated in 1871; population, 10,327; seat of justice, Leesville. J. J. Hicks- • Clerk of Court T. J. Davis .Sheriff and Ex-Officio Tax Collector F. P. Jones Coroner W. U. Smart. . • • Assessor Elzie Stokes Surveyor President of P>oard of Education, T. II. Lcblen, Nearns P. O. Superintendent of Education, J. G. Palmer, Leesville, P. O. Police Jurors — First Ward: M. H. F. Stanley, I. 0. Winfree; Second Ward: Charles Martin; Third Ward: W. C. Cain; Fourtli Ward: M. V. Johnson; Fifth Ward : W. T. Hill; Sixth Ward: J. R. Bagents. Justices of the Peace — First Ward: W. H. Smart; Second Ward: J. K. Foster, W. M. Conerly; Third Ward: M. U. Hughes; Fourth Ward : D. H. McLeod, J. M. Oakes ; Fifth Ward : J. F. Hogland ; Sixth Ward: W. D. Holton. Constables— First Ward: M. IT. Gill; Second Ward: R. T. McCon- athy; Third Ward: H. A. Long; Fourth Ward: Joseph Lacaze; Fifth Ward : James P. Garkin ; Sixth Ward : A. W. Cooley. Notaries Public — Appointed since ]\fay 1, 1900: William H. Smart, D. M. Holton, F. M. Ingalls, R. Lee R'chardson, J. K. Foster, J. M. Oakes, Jas. G. Palmer, Will A. Aaron. Towns: Leesville, population, 1.148. WASHINGTON. 668 square miles; incorporated in 1819; population, 9,628; seat of justice, Franklinton. J. K. Johnson Clerk of Court H. N. Simmons Sheriff and Ex-Officio Tax Collector W. R. Abney Coroner Leslie L. Bankston Assessor Surveyor President of Board of Education, W. II. Babington, Franklin- ton P. O. Superintendent of Education, D. E. Branch, Pine P. O. Police Jurors — First Ward : J. D. Carson ; Second Ward : L. P. Par- ker; Third Ward: T. D. Foil; Fourth Ward: J. L. Pounds; Fifth Ward: Louis Grain. Justices of the Peace— First Ward: F. R. McDougall; Second Ward: E. Banister; Third Ward: T. J. Groves; Fourth Ward: Joseph Ard: Fifji'^ Ward: F. N. K. Adams. Constables— First Ward: J. T. Myles; Second Ward: Jesse Alford ; Third Ward: L. H. Bankston; Fourth Ward: W. F. McGehee; Fifth Ward : H. T. Boon. Towns: Franklinton, population, 236. PARISH OFFICERS^ LIST OP PRINCIPAL TOWNS^ ETC. 435 WEBSTER. 504 square miles; incorporated in 1871; population, 15,125; seat of justice, Minden. J.. H. Tillman Clerk of Court B. E. Griffith Sheriff and Ex-Oliicio Tax Collector J. W. Morgan . ., Coroner Patrick Clement Assessor — > Surveyor President of Board of Education, J . M. Miller, Minden P. 0. Superintendent of Education, J. M, Uavies, Minden P. O. Police Jurors — Eirst Ward: L, E. Aikus; Second Ward: G. W. Oak- ley; Third Ward: J. Y. Burton; Eourth Ward: W. G. Stewart; Eifth Ward: J. T. Boyett. Justices of the Peace — Eirst Ward: T. H. McEachem and T. M. Kerkley; Second Ward: A. G. McCann; Third Ward: J. W. Baten; Eourth Ward: J. C. Lowry, J. H. Moxey; Eifth Ward: E. E. Kennon, J. S. Bacon. Constables — Eirst Ward: M. S. Newsom, I. W. Merritt; Second Ward: J. M. Leonard;; Third Ward: N. B. Walker; Eourth Ward: J. M. Chanler, T. R. Dickens; Eifth Ward: Claude Buison, J. B. Madden. Notaries Pubuc — ^Appointed since May 1, IDUU: L. K. Watkins, Jesse E. Sykes. Towns: Minden, population, 1,561. WEST BATON ROUGE. 210 square miles; incorporated in 1807; population, 10,285; seat of justice, Port Allen. L. A. Hebert, Jr Clerk of Court A. V. DuBROCA Sherifi and Ex-Officio Tax Collector Dr. E. Bourgeois Coroner Gaudena Cazes Assessor Surveyor President of Board of Education, Thomas Jones, Walls P. O. Superintendent of Education, J. W, Hyams, Port Allen P. O. Pouce Jurors — Eirst Ward: M. V. Comeaux; Second Ward: Al- phonse Rivault; Third Ward: A. D. Barrow; Eourth Ward: Jules Do- rion; Eifth Ward: David Devall; Sixth Ward: A. A. Alford; Seventh Ward, T. G. Erwin. Justices of the Peace — Eirst Ward: E. E. Hebert; Second Ward: E. 0. Gwin; Third Ward: Oscar Bauer; Eourth Ward: Wm. H. Esque; Eifth Ward: F. M. Marler; Sixth Ward: Thomas Jones; Seventh Ward: Adam Lejune. Constables — Eirst Waard: W. C. Guedry; Second Ward: Maurice Bergeron; Third Ward: Emile Bauer; Eourth Ward: W. W. Lemmon; Eifth Ward: E. Marler; Sixth Ward: W. A. Trahon. Towns : Port Allen, population, . 436 PARISH OFFICERS, LIST OF PRINCIPAL TOWNS, ETC. WEST GAUROLL. 380 square miles; incorporated in 1877; population, 3,865; seat of justice, Floyd. I. C. Wells Clerk of Court J. D. Herring giheriff and Ex-Ofl&cio Tax Collector T. N. Pulley Coroner W. S. B. MiTCHENOR Assessor President of Board of Education, C. T. Milliken, Floyd. Superintendent of Education, T. B. Keneau, Floyd. Police Jurors — First Ward: Thos. L. Lefevre; Second Ward: G. N. Grant; Third Ward: James A. Lester; Fourth Ward: C. D. Broswell; Fifth Ward: T. B. Griffeth. Justices of the Peace — First Ward: E. M. Flemming; Second Ward: William A. Iledrick; Third Ward: R. L. Vining; Fourth Ward: T. B. Reneau ; Fifth Ward : A. P. Webb. Constables — First Ward: W. L. Richburg; Second Ward: John W. Bradley; Third Ward: Sam Crow; Fourth Ward: W. H. Renau; Fifth Ward : John Adams. Notaries Public — Appointed since May 1, 1900: Wm. A. Hedrick, S. N. Dorsett. Towns: Floyd, population, . WEST FELICIANA. 302 square miles; incorporated in 1811; population, 15,994; seat of justice ,St. Francisville. A. Villeret Clerk of Court J . H. Clack Sheriff and Ex-Officio Tax Collector W. H. Taylor Coroner Matt. Gilmore Assessor Surveyor President of Board of Education, J. P. Bowman, St. Francisville. Superintendent of Education, G. W. Newman, St. Francisville. Police Jurors — First Ward: H. Lofton; Second Ward: C. W. Sim- ttions; l-liird Ward: S. C. Stirling; Fourth Ward: C. F. Howell; Fifth Ward: W. H. Pilaris; Sixth Ward: ; Seventh Ward: John Lesassier; Eighth Ward: N. II. Barrow; Ninth Ward: F. I ). Hamilton ; Tenth Ward : S. L. Lavergne. Justices of the Peace — First Ward: T. T. Lawson, C. W. lemple; Second Ward: C. W. Simmons; Third Ward: F. D. Haralson; Kourth Ward: C. H. Argue; Fifth Ward: W. R. Campbell; Sixth Ward: Iv S. Denson; Seventh Ward: Mose McWaters; Eighth Ward: A. Mc < iehee; Ninth Ward: J. F. Maryman; Tenth Ward: R. S. Towles. Constables — First Ward: Mose Vantromp, J. W. Ard; Second VV^ard: H. D. Harvey; Third Ward: Ed. Baines; Fourth Ward: W. H. vVieker; Fifth Ward: R. R. Spilhnan; Sixth Ward: P. 0. Bourgeois; PARISH OFFICERS^ LIST OF PRINCIPAL TOWNS, ETC. 437 Seventh Ward : C. M. Davis ; Eighth Ward : Judge Nutter ; Ninth Ward : Robert Taylor ; Tenth Ward : H. B. Lavergne. NoT.\RiES Public — Appointed since May 1st, 1900: . Towns : Bayou Sara, population, 755 ; St. Francisville, 1.059. WINN. 945 square miles; incorporated in 1852; population, 9,648; seat of justice, Winnfield. a. K. Able Clerk of Court R. W. Bailey Sheriff and Ex-Officio Tax Collectoi J . J. Peters Coroner J . H. Crawford Assessor H. Iv Tannehill Surveyor President of Board of Education, W. L. Long, Winnfield P. O. Superintendent of Education, Cas. Moss, Winnfield P. O. Police Jurors — First Ward: W. D. Bevil; Second Ward: W. W. Thompson; Third Ward: J. R. Sikes; Eourth Ward: J. W. Wasson; Fifth Ward: J. C. Crew; Sixth Ward: Geo. C. Purvis; Seventh Ward: P. F. Smith; Eighth Ward: A. J. Franks; Ninth Ward: Chas. R. Nugent; Tenth Ward: D. W. Sholars. Justices of the Peace — First Ward: C. M. Bevil; Second Ward: J. R. Tullos; Third Ward: W. W. Boyett; Fourth Ward: N. M. Moffet; Fifth Ward: G. M. Wyatt; Sixth Ward: W. J. Drewett; Seventh Ward: W. M. Simmons; Eighth Ward: J. B. Wilson and A. J. Clifton. Constables — First Ward: G. M. Smith; Second Ward: J. A. San- ders; Third Ward: John C. Adams; Fourth Ward: B. A. Wasson; Fifth Ward: J. A. Sutton; Sixth Ward: W. S. Drewett; Seventh Ward: J. T. Young; Eighth Ward: B. E. Wilson; Ninth Ward: P. J. Martin. Notaries Public — Appointed since May 1, 1900 : Geo. W. Beck, R. C. Jones, W. M. Wallace, James S. Peters, Thomas M. Milling, John H. Matthews. STATE INSTITUTIONS THE TULANE UNIVERSITY OF LOUISIANA, NEW ORLEANS. The Tulane University of Louisiana, as now constituted, is the result of a contract entered into in 1884 by the State of Louisiana and the Board of Administrators of the Tulane Educational Eund, by which the existing University of Louisiana was placed under the perpetual care of the Tulane Administrators, with all its property, powers, privileges, immunities and franchises, and with such other powers as might be necessary to enable them to "foster, maintain and develop a great Uni- versity in the City of New Orleans." By the act, No. 43, of the Session of 1884, making this contract, the name of the institution was changed to "The Tulane University of Louisiana." The starting point of the University of Louisiana was the organiza- tion of the "Medical College of Louisiana," in September, 1834. This institution was chartered April 2, 1835, and in March, 1836, it issued the first degrees in medicine or science ever conferred in Louisiana, or the Southwest. The State Constitution of 1845 ordained as follows: "Art. 137. An University shall be established in the City of New Orleans. It shall be composed of four faculties, to-wit: One of law, one of medicine, one of the natural sciences, and one of letters. "Art. 138. It shall be called the University of Louisiana, and the Medical College of Louisiana, as at present organized, shall constitme the faculty of medicine. "Art. 139. The Legislature shall provide by law for its further organization and government, but shall be under no obligation to con- tribute to the establishment or support of said University by appropri- ations." The act of organization (Act of 1847, No. 49), with some trifling changes, was re-enacted in 1855, and is substantially embodied in the Revised Statutes of 1856 and 1870. The Law Department was organized xmder a plan adopted by the Board of Administrators on May 4, 1847. With some intermissions it has been in operation continuously since that time. At different times in the course of the years following the organiza- tion of the University, the Legislature appropriated amounts aggregating something over $100,000 toward the providing of building and equipment STATE INSTITUTIONS, 439 for the Medical Department, but this amount was largely augmented by appropriations by the faculty from moneys received for tuition and by personal contributions. An effort at the inauguration of an academic department was made by the Administrators of the University at a meeting held June 1, 1847, when a committee was appointed "to report on the expediency of organiz- ing the Department of Letters and Natural Sciences, and on the means that can be commanded to that effect." The Legislature having provided no funds for the support of the University, suggestions were made at that time towards raising funds for the purpose. The only practical outcome of the effort was a donation of $500 by Glendy Burke and a like sum "by Judah Touro, two public-spirited citizens, which funds were dedi- cated to the establishment of prizes in elocution and Hebrew.* About 1847 a small appropriation was obtained from the State, and the academic building was erected. The department closed in 1860, and the civil war intervening, no efforts were made for sixteen years to sustain an academic department. After the restoration of civil government in Louisiana, in 1876, the newly appointed Board of Administrators determined to put in operation again the academic department so long contemplated. It was organized, and on November 4, 1878, it reopened its doors. The Board memorialized the Constitutional Convention of 1879, and, through its action, aid was given for the first time to the academic department. The Constitution of 1879 contained the following provisions : "concerning a STATE UNIVERSITY. "Art. 320. The University of Louisiana, as at present established and located at New Orleans, is hereby recognized in its three departments, to-wit: the law, the medical, and the academical departments, to be gov- erned and controlled by appropriate faculties. The General Assembly shall, from time to time, make such provisions for the proper government and maintenance and support of said State University of Louisiana, and all the departments thereof, as the public necessities and well-being of the people of the State of Louisiana may require, nat to exceed $10,000 annually." Under this provision the Legislature made an annual grant of $10,000 until 1884, $50,000 in all, when it was relieved from this obligation by its contract with the Administrators of the Tulane Educational Fund. The Academic Department thus recognized and modestly supported made irarked progress during the six years of its existence before it was taken hold of by the Tulane Administrators. But it was seriously handi- capped for lack of funds, and a great development was not then possibl:; to it. Besides its tuition fees and the appropriations from the State, referred to above, it received a donation of $1,000 from Mr. Charles T. Howard, of New Orleans, for the equipment of the chemical department. ♦These funds, largely augmented by accumulated compound interest, are still Vised for the purposes intended by their donors. 440 STATE INSTITUTIONS. and one of $20,000 from Mr. Paul Tulane for the purchase of the building now known as Tulane Hall, the present home of the Law Department. The greatest epoch in the educational history of the State, however, was the donation by Paul Tulane, in 1882, of his New Orleans property for the higher education of "the white young persons in the City of New Orleans." Mr. Tulane was at the time a resident of Princeton, New Jersey, but had been for many years a merchant in New Orleans, where the foundation of his fortune was laid. He called in consultation General Randall Lee Gibson, United States Senator from Louisiana, and together they selected a board of trustees who incorporated themselves under the title of "The Administrators of the Tulane Educational Fund," and to whom Mr. Tulane transferred the property which he desired to donate to educational purposes. Mr. Tulane's first donation of his real estate was valued at about $363,000. He subsequently made other donations, until the amount given by him aggregated $1,050,000, yielding an annual revenue of about $75,000. It was his expressed intention to add largely to this sum, but, as he died without a will, these intentions were never carried out. In 1884 the Board of Administrators of the Tulane Educational Fund were given by the Legislature of Louisiana (by Act 43 of that year) complete and perpetual control of the University of Louisiana, and exemp- tion from taxation of income-producing property that might be acquired by the Tulane Administrators up to the amount of $5,000,000. This act was ratified at a general election in April, 1887, and has been later ratified in the Constitution of 1898. The status of the University as a State institution has thus been fully maintained. In 1886 the late Mrs. Josephine Louise Newcomb, of New York City, whose husband, Warren Newcomb, was formerly a highly esteemed sugar merchant of New Orleans, donated to the Tulane Educational Fund "the sum of $100,000, to be used in estahlishino- the H. Sophie Newcomb Mem- orial College, in the Tulane University of Louisiana, for the higher educa- tion of white girls and young women." In thus perpetuating the memory of an only child, Mrs. Newcomb enabled the Tulane Administration to round out the ideal of a University and to create an institution that would give to women all the educational advantages which had befdre been offered by it only to men. Since the establishment of the Newcomb College, it had been a matter of the greatest personal interest to Mrs. Newcomb, who added largely to her original endowment, and has enabled it to build the handsome group of buildings in which it is now domiciled. In 1891 Mrs. Ida A. Richardson, whose husband. Dr. T. G. Richard- son, had been for many years associated with the Medical Department of the University, as Professor of Surgery and Dean, and who had been one of the original members of the Board of Administrators of the Tulane Educational Fund, gave the sum of $140,000 to build a new and modem building for the Medical Department, on a site purchased by the Tulane Board, and to equip the building with every needed appliance for the most approved methods of instruction in medicine and pharmacy. a, c- > c < K S3 w H 2; 2 • ■ / V . u 442 STATE INSTITUTIONS. Ill February, 1900, Mrs. Caroline Tiltoii donated to the Tulane Administrators the sum of $50,000, for the erection of a library building as a memorial to her husband, to be known as the "F. W, Tilton Mem- orial Library." The construction of this building is in progress, and it will be a valuable addition to the splendid group of buildings now occupied by the Academic Department of the University. Gifts for the establishment of scholarships in the academic colleges have been made by Mrs. Ida A. Richardson, Mr. B. C. Wetmore, Mr. F. Walter Callender, Mr. Simon Ilcrnshelm, Mrs. Elizabeth Baker, and the Louisiana Battle Abbey Association. Funds for the endowment of medals have been given by Mr. Glendy Burke, Mr. J-ndah Touro, Mr. Louis Bush, and M. le Baron de Coubertin. The productive endowment fund of the entire University, including tlie Newcomb College and the professional schools, amounts to about $1,350,000. Its buildings and equipment represents an investment of about $.850,000. The State of Louisiana, in accordance with the usage of all American States, exempts the property of the University from taxation on the ground of public service. It is thus enabled to use its entire income for educational purposes. In accordance with the terms of Act 43, of the Session of 1884, the Administrators give to each member of the State Legislature the right to keep one well-prepared student in the Academical Department of the University without payment of tuition fees. The number of such scholar- ships is now one hundred and fifty-one. Twenty scholarships are open to appointees of the Mayor of New Orleans. More than fifty others arc given by the Board of administrators to well-qualifled applicants. No worthy young man will be denied the privilege of attending the University for lack of ability to pay the tuition fees. It is the purpose of the Admin- istrators to extend its benefits as widely as possible with the means at their command. BOARD OF ADMINISTRATORS. Charles Erasmus Fenner, B. L., LL. D President James McConnell, B. L First Vice President Robert Miller Walmsley Second Vice President Edoar Howard Farrar, M. A. II i:\rv (iInder, Benjamin AI organ Palmer, D. D., LL. D. Joseph Chandler Morris, "Walker Brainard Spencer, A. B., B. L,, (JicoRGE Quintard Whitney, Beverley Ellison Warner, A. M., D. D., John Baptist Levert, Walter Denis Denegre. A. B., B. L., /ishton Phelps, Walter Robinson Stauffer, Charles Janvier, John Dymond, Jr., A. B.. B. L. Ex-Officio : W^iLLiAM Wrkjht Heard Governor of Louisiana Paul Capdevielle Mayor of New Orleans Joseph V. Calhoun State Superintendent of Public Education i'& r4s-^ l^^C ,«^ I ':« '■■* I ■1 t 1 1 ■%. 444 STATE INSTITUTIONS. Joseph Anatole Hincks, Secretary and Treasurer of the Tulane Educa- tional Fund. Richard Kearny Bruff^ Secretary of the University. OFFICERS OF INSTRUCTION. Edwin Anderson Alderman, D. C. L., luL. D., President of the Uni- versity. Brown Ayres, B. Sc, Ph. D., Vice-Chairman of the Faculty, Dean of Academic Colleges and Professor of Physics and Astronomy. Stanford Emerson Chaille, A. R., Ai. D., LL. D., Dean of the Medi- cal Department and Professor of Physiology, Hygiene and Pathological Anatomy. ' Ernest Sydney Lewis, M. D., Professor of General and Clinical Ob- stetrics and Disease of Women and Children. John Barnwell Elliott, A. B., M. D., Ph. D., Professor of the Theory and Practice of Medicine and Clinical Medicine. John Hanno Deiler, (Graduate Royal Normal College of Munchen- Freising), Professor of German Language and Literature. Alcee Fortier, D. Lt., Professor of Romance Languages. Robert Sharp, A. M., Ph. D., Professor of English. Edmond Souchon, M. D., Professor of Anatomy and Clinical Surgery. John Morse Ordway, A. M., Professor of Biology (Newcomb Col- lege). Wiluam Woodward (Graduate Mass. Normal Art School), Professor of Drawing and Painting (Newcomb College). Henry Denis, B. L., Professor of Civil Law and Lecturer on the Land Laws of the United States. John Rose Ficklen, B. Let., Professor of History and Political Science. John Williamson Caldwell, A. M., M. D., Professor of Chemistry and Geology. Ellsworth Woodward (Graduate Rhode Island School of Design), Professor of Drawing and Painting, and Director of Art Instruction (Newcomb College). Brandt Van Blarcom Dixon, A. M., LL. D., President of the New- 'comb College, and Professor of Philosophy. Jane Caldwell Nixon, Professor of English and Rhetoric (Newcomb College). Evelyn Walton Ordway, B. S., Professor of Chemistry (Newcomb College). Marie Augustin, Professor of French (Newcomb College). Frank Adair Monroe, Professor of Commercial Law and the Law of Corporations. Harry Hinckley Hall, B. L., Dean of the Law Department, and Professor of Criminal Law, the Law of Evidence and of Practice under the Code of Practice of Louisiana. Mary Leal Harkness, A. M., Ph. D., Professor of Latin (Newcomb College). STATE INSTITUTIONS. 445 James Hardy Dillard, M. A., B. L., D. Lt., Professor of Latin. William Benjamin Smith, A. M., Ph. D., Professor of Matheroatics. Louis Pavrot Reynaud, M. D., Professor of Materia Medica, Thera- peutics, and Clinical Medicine. William Henry Creighton, U. S. N., Professor of Mechanical En- gineering. KuDOLPH Matas, M. D., Professor of General and Clinical Surgery. Prederick Wespy, Ph. D., Professor of Greek and German (New- comb College). Abraham Louis Metz, M. Ph. M. D., Professor of Chemistry and Medical Jurisprudence. Levy Washington Wilkinson, M. Sc, Professor of Lidustrial and Sugar Chemistry. Thomas Carter, A. B., B. D., Professor of Greek. Thomas Cargill Warner Ellis, A. B., B. L., Professor of Admiralty and International Law. Eugene Davis Saunders, B. L., Professor of Constitutional Law, Common Law and Equity. Mary Cass Spencer, A. B., M. S., Professor of Mathematics (New- comb College). Clara Gregory Baer (Graduate Posse Normal School of Gymnas- tics), Professor of Physical Education (Newcomb College). George Eugene Beyer (University of Berlin), Acting Professor of Biology and Natural History, and Curator of Museum. James Adair Lyoi?, Jr., A. M., Professor of Physics (Newcomb Col- lege). Douglas Smith Anderson, M. A., Associate Professor of Electrical Engineering. Morton Arnold Aldrich, Ph. D., Associate Professor of Economic* and Sociology. Edward Ernest Sheib, M. A., Ph. D., Associate Professor of Philos- ophy and Pedagogy. Gertrude Roberts Smith (Graduate Mass. Normal Art School), As- sistant Professor of Drawing and Painting (Newcomb College). Mary Given Sheerer (Graduate Cincinnati Art Academy), Assistant Professor in Art Department (Newcomb College). William Benjamin Gregory, M. E., Assistant Professor of Experi- mental Engineering and Mechanism. WiLLUM Prentiss Brown, A. M., Assistant Professor of English and Latin. Henry Fisler Rugan, Assistant Professor of Mechanic Arts. Benjamin Palmer Caldwell, A. B., Ch. E., Ph. D., Assistant Pro- fessor of Chemistry. Winter Lincoln Wilson, M. S., Assistant Professor of Civil Engin- eering. And forty lecturers, demonstrators, Instructors and assistants, mak- ing a total teaching force of eighty-seven. 446 STATE INSTITUTIONS. LOUISIANA STATE UNIVERSITY. BATON EOUGE. The visitor strolling through the capital of Louisiana finds no more attractive spot than the beautiful grounds of the Louisiana State Uni- versity, The smooth-shaven lawns, the shaded walks, the flowers, the giant oaks, and the quaint old buildings form an ideal setting for the handsome cadets who gather in groups about the grounds and buildings. The grounds lie between the northernmost street of the city and the fine artificial lake that was formed some years ago by building a dam across Bayou Gracie. They have a frontage of nearly half a mile on the bluft' overlooking the Mississippi river, and extend back more than a mile. The front is occupied by the University proper, and the back by one of the. three Experiment Stations of the University, the other two being located at Audubon Park, in New Orleans, and at Calhoxin, in Ouachita parish. The buildings and grounds were formerly used by the United States as a garrison, but were given to Louisiana in 1886 for the vise of the State University. Around this old military post cluster historic associ- ations of greatest interest. Occupied in succession by French, English, Spanish and American garrisons, it has been at some time the temporary home of nearly every man who has become distinguished in the military history of the United States. The Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College had its origin in certain grants of land made by the United States government "for the use of a seminary of learning." It was first established near Alexandria, in Rapides parish, under the name of the Louisiana State Seminary of Learning and Military Academy, and was opened on January 2, 1860, with Col. (afterwards General) W. T. Sher- man as Superintendent. In October, 1869, its buildings were destroyed by fire, and the institution was moved to Baton Rouge. The Agricultural and Mechanical College was founded on land grants of the United States government, made in 1862 for that purpose, and was combined with the State University in 1877. Since its foundation, the University has had within its walls, either as professors or as students, many men who have risen to prominence in the State and Nation. The University is justly proud of its past career, but it is young enough to look to the future, and its influence and power for good were never so great as they are to-day. The object of the institution is to devote special attention to the sciences relating to Agriculture and the Mechanical Arts, and at the same time, to offer to its students opportunities for broad and liberal r' c a I— I > > a 7J H O o G O 72 i 'Wt P ^ fc- -^ ■•''. ^ -^ ^fck."^' ■1 ,-fe. H, ■■-«- 448 STATE INSTITUTIONS. literary and general scientific education. It offers eight regular courses of study, the Agricultural, Mechanical, Civil Engineering, Sugar En- gineering, Commercial, General Science, Latin Science and Literary, be- sides special and post graduate courses for students who are ready for such courses. The course in Agriculture, for which the experiment stations, gardens and well-equipped laboratories give exceptional facilities, is designed to meet the educational needs of the farmers in this progressive age. The sugar planter is not only an agriculturist, but a manufacturer; and to train experts in this important industry, courses of instruction are necessary that few colleges can offer. With trained experts in its scien- tific chairs, workshops and Sugar Experiment Station, located in our own sugar belt, the University has superior facilities to gve thorough theoret- ical and practical instruction in everything pertaining to the culture and manufacture of sugar. The courses in Mechanical and Civil Engineering not only give thorough training in the higher mathematics, but fit the student to fill the positions that are rapidly opening to capable surveyors and engineers. The graduates in these courses find ready employment in good positions. The General Science Course gives a broad scientific training, and at the same time affords an opportunity for the student to specialize, during the Junior and Senior years, in the science of his choice. Many students in this course specialize in Chemistry, for which the University offer-5 facilities that cannot be surpassed in the South. The Commercial Course, while not ignoring the liberal training and instruction which are of value in all occupations and professions, aims "to train the mental faculties most needed in business and to impart the kinds of knowledge most serviceable in business." The other courses aim at general rather than special culture. In them the student combines scientific with linguistic training; or, while not neglecting the broader divisions of science, becomes familiar with the masterpieces of literary art, ancient and modern, and is thus trained in the appreciation of literary culture. The current session of the University opened on the 18th of Septem- ber, 1901, and will close on the 4th of June, 1902. The attendance has been larger than ever before, 418 students having been enrolled. Of these twenty came from other States, and twenty-one from foreign countries. The T^niversity has thirty buildings on its campus, and is soon to begin the construction of a handsome, modem library building, for which it recently received a donation of $25,000 from Mr. John Hill, of We^t Pntnn "Rouge. ].OUISIANA STATE UNIVERSITY AND A. AND M. COLLEGE. Board of Supervisors. (Ex-Officio Members.) Gov William W. Heard President Hon. J. V. Calhoun Superintendent of Public Education > o d M 1—1 ;> H P> H CO M H 450 STATE INSTITUTIONS. Thomas D. Boyd. President of the Faculty William Garig, Vice-President East Baton Kougc; Samuel McC. Lawrason West Feliciana J. G. White Rapides J. M. Smith Union Pnnp S. PuGH Acadia George Hill West Baton Rouge *T. G. Sparks Pointe Coupee H. S. Chenet I Orleans C. J. Ducote Avoyelles C. C. Davenport Morehouse George K. Pratt Orleans F. W. Price Lincoln A. T. Prescott, Secretary Baton Rouge H. Skolfield, Treasurer Baton Rouge Executive Committee. William Garig, Chairman, Thomas D. Boyd, Samuel McC. Lawrason, George Hill, J. V. Calhoun, H. Skolfield, Secretary FACULTY. Thomas D. Boyd, A. M., LL. D., President. James W. Nicholson, A. M. LL. D., Professor of Mathematics. William C. Stubbs, Ph. D., Professor of Agriculture. Harcourt a. Morgan, B. S. A., Professor of Zoology and Ento- mology. Edward L. Scott, A. M., Professor of Ancient Languages. C. Alphonso Smith, A. M., Ph. D., Professor of English. Charles E. Coates, Ph. D., Professor of Chemistry. Thomas W. Atkinson, B. S., C. E., Professor of Physics and Me- chanics. Charles H. Stumberg, A. M., Professor of Modern Languages. WiLLUM H. Dalrymple, M. R. C. V. S., Professor of Veterinary Science. Boykin W. Pegus, B. S., Professor of Civil Engineering. Arthur T. Prescott, A. M., Professor of History and Political Science. A. M. Herget, Professor of Drawing and Mechanic Arts. F. H. Billings, Ph. D., Professor of Botany. Robert L. Himes, Professor of Commerce. Jno. a. Lockwood, Captain U. S. A., Professor of Military Science. **A. C. Veatch, Professor of Geology. Frank H. Burnette, Assistant Professor of Horticulture. ♦•Election to go Into effect in July, 1902. STATE INSTITUTIONS. 451 Charles Henry Kretz^ B. S., Assistant Professor of Mechanical En- gineering. Thomas H. Harris, Principal of Sub-Freshman Department. Alfred Best, B. S., Assistant in Chemistry. Henry K. Strickland, M- A., Assistant in English. W. S. Borland, B. S., Physical Director, and Instructor in Sub- Freshman Department. C. A. Mathews, Instructor in Sub-Freshman Department. Officers. Thomas D. Boyd President John A. Lockwood Commandant of Cadets William C. Stubbs Director of Experiment Stations James W. Dupree Surgeon Charles H. Stumberg Librarian Harney Skolfield Treasurer Roger Swire Assistant Treasurer B. H, Carroll Secretary J. R. Holmes Steward John A. Mehler Janitor 452 STATE INSTITUTIONS. STATE NORMAL SCHOOL. The State Normal School was established by the General Assembly in July, 1884. The State Board of Education located the school at Natchi- toches, and the buildings and grounds of the Convent of the Sacred Heart were bought by the Parish and City of Natchitoches and given to the State for use of the school. Dr. Edward E. Sheib, now of Tulane University, was the first presi- dent of the school. Under his direction the first session was opened in November, 1885, with a faculty of three teachers, and an enrolment of sixty students. Col. Thomas D. Boyd succeeded Dr. Sheib in 1888, and served as president until 1896, when he resigned to become president of the Louisi- ana State University, and B. C. Caldwell, science teacher of the Normal School, was appointed to succeed him. The Normal School is supported by appropriations made by the General Assembly; the present annual appropriation is $18,000. The Peabody Education Fund gives the Normal School $1,700 a year for Teachers' Institutes, and from $1,000 to $2,000 a year for other purposes. The school is maintained for the sole purpose of training teachers for the public schools of the State. Young people who wish to become teachers are instructed in the class rooms and laboratories of the Normal School for three years, then they serve an apprenticeship of one year in the model public school that is maintained by the Normal School, where three hun- dred children are taught under the direction of the training teachers. The older teachers of the State are instructed in the institutes and summer schools that are conducted by the Normal School in each parish of the State. The institute conductors that have had charge of this sec- tion of the Normal School's work are, in the nrder of service: Prof. A. L. Smith, Dr. Martin G. Brumbaugh, B. C. Caldwell, Prof. R. L. Himes. President Jas. B. Aswell and Prof. Henry E. Chambers. Up to the present time the Normal School has sent out four hundred and forty-two graduates, all but three of whom have gone into the schools as teachers. Several hundred undergraduates, after one or more year'? of normal training, have also become teachers; and at this time every parish in the State and nearly every tovm and village has one or more Normal teachers in its corps. From 1,200 to 2,300 teachers a year hav^ received instruction in the institutes and summer schools conducted by the Normal School. The attendance has increased steadily every year since the establish- ment of the school, the average increase being about forty each year; and the enrolment at this time (February, 1902) is 660. The course of study in the model school covers a period of ten years. 454 STATE INSTITUTIONS. beginning at the age of six, and the Normal course, beginning at the age of fifteen, for girls, and sixteen for young men, covers a period of four years. Tuition is free to students from all parts of Louisiana, in both the model school and the Normal cdurse; and is also free to students from other States who pledge themselves to teach in the public schools of Louisiana for one year after graduation. The fall term begins October 1st and ends January 31st; the spring term begins the 1st of February and closes the last Wednesday in May. It is expected that a summer term, beginning June 1st and continuing to the last week of September, will be provided for at the session of the Genernl Assembly this summer, making the Normal School session con- tinuous throughout the calendar year. The school occupies one of I he finest sites in the State; the grounds inclnc'e one hundred and two acres of lawns and pine forest. There are six la-ge buildings; the auditorium building containing the class-rooms and laboratories and the assembly hall ; the model public school building, in which the practice teaching and training work are done; and the four dormitories for girls. The boarding club, occupying the dormitories, has a membership of 275 this year. The young men board in private families in the town. The expenses of students range from $100 to $140 for the session of eight months. BOARD OF AD^IINISTRATION. EX-OFFICIO MEMBERS. His Excellency, William Wright Heard, Governor of Louisiana, Eaton Rouge. Hon. J. V. Calhoun, State Superintendent of Public Education, Baton Rouge. B. C. Caldwell, President State Normal School, Natchitoches. representative members. Hon. Thos. C. Barret, First District, Shreveport. Term expires July 1st, 1902. Mr. J. Guy Trimble, Second District, Farmerville. Term expires July 1st, 1904. Judge A. J. Lafargue, Third District, Marksville. Term expires July 1st, 1904, Hon. L. D. Beale, Fourth District, Baton Rouge. Tenn expires July 1st, 1906. Hon. W. p. Martin, Fifth District, Thibodeaux. Term expires July 1st, 1906. Dr. Z. T. Gallion, Resident Administrator, Natchitoches. Term expires July 1st, 1902. state institutions. 455 Ofucers of the Board. ( lov. \\. \V. Heard, rrcsident Baton Rouge Hon. T. C. Barret, Vice-President Shreveport Mr. J. A. DucouRNAU, Treasurer Natchitoches Mr. T. p. Chaplin, Secretary Natchitoches FACULTY, 1901-1902. B. C. Caldwell, President Arithmetic and Book-keeping *Henry E. Chambers, State Institute Conductor History J. E. I{j:eny, Principal of Training School Pedagogy George Williamson, Botany, Zoology and Physiology George D. Pickels Physics and Chemistry William' Smythe Johnson Psychology Agnes H. Morris History and Civics Lizzie Carter McVoy English **Margaret Elise Cross Latin Laure Tauzin French R. S. Calves Spanish Maude Thayer Latin Lillian Mildred Knott Singing Anna Gertrude Morse Drawing and Color Study Ada Quinoey Pitcher Gymnastics Annie Ogden Burris Piano *Bessie McVoy Piano Phoebe Atkinson Violin W. M. BucKLiN . . .1 Organ, Mandolin and Guitar Ella F. Montgomery Piano Bessie V. Russell Critic Teacher, 1st Primary Henrietta Lewis Critic Teacher, 2nd Primary Jessie Bowden Critic Teacher, Intermediate Grades Augusta Nelkin Critic Teacher, Grammar Grades J. L. Westfrook Cashier Mrs. Zeffie M. Smith Librarian Mrs. Elizabeth R. Lobdell Matron Mrs. Anne R. Smyth Steward George Free^lan Engineer Minor Clinton Janitor * Resigned. ** Absent on leave. 456 STATE INSTITUTIONS. THE LOUISIANA INDUSTRIAL INSTITUTE, RUSTON, LOUISIANA. The Louisiana Industrial Institute has a single mission; that of preparing boys and girls for useful living. The State has equipped this institution and fitted it for the suc- cessful teaching of the various industrial lines of life, including an academic course, equal to that of a good college. The school was created by Act 68 of the Legislature of 1894. It is an institute "for the education of the white children of Louisiana in the arts and sciences, at which such children may acquire a thorough academic and literary education, together with a knowledge of kinder- garten instruction, telegraphy, stenography and photography, of drawing, painting, designing and engraving, in their industrial applications; also a knowledge of fancy, practical and general needle work ; also a knowledge of book-keeping, and of agricultural and mechanical art, together with such other practical industries as from time to time may be suggested by experience, or such as will tend to promote the general object of said institute, to-wit: Fitting and preparing such children, male and female, for the practical industries of the age." The same act located the school "at Huston, Lincoln Parish, Louis- iana," and placed it under the control of the Governor of the State, two trustees appointed from the State at large, and one trustee appointed from each Congressional District of the State. By a subsequent act of the State, Superintendent of Public Education was made an ex-officio member of the Board of Trustees. The first session of the institute began in September, 1895, with a faculty of six teachers. During the session 202 students, from 22 parishes, were enrolled. The faculty for the session of 1896-1897 con- tained 9 teachers, and the enrollment reached 211, from 25 parishes. During the session of 1897-1898 the faculty contained 12 teachers, and the enrollment reached 300, from 27 parishes. The session of 1898-1899 enrolled 298 students, from 33 parishes and 3 States, with a faculty of 9 teachers. During- the session of 1899-1900 there were enrolled 276 students from 31 parishes, taught by a faculty of 12 teachers. A faculty of 14 teachers taught the session of 1900-1901, enrolling 368 students from 36 parishes. The present session began September 10, 1901, with a faculty of 17 teachers and more than 300 students. The second term of the session opened January 21, 1902, with an enrollment of 524 students, representing 39 parishes and five states besides Louisiana. The student body is divided as follows: 309 boys and 215 girls, with 112 girls and 5 lady teachers STATE INSTITUTIONS. 457 living in the new dormitory. The appropriation for maintenance is $15,000 annually, while the crowded conditions demand at least $20,000. The buildings are all of brick, assuring comfort and durability. The main building contains 25 rooms, and the girls' dormitory has 46. The music room furnishes accomodations for 9 pianos and the library contain- ing 2,000 volumes, is centrally located. The equipment for the various departments is worth $15,000. The grounds, including 56 acres of land, are well adapted to school purposes, being especially marked by excellent natural drainage and covered with beautiful lawn and stately oak. The school is organized into the following well equipped departments : Language and Literature; Pure and Applied Mathematics; History; Civics; Biology; Physics and Chemistry; Photography; Mechanics (in- cluding Drawing) ; Business (including Book-keeping, Shorthand, and Typewriting) ; Domestic Science, Elementary Agriculture ; Music, Print- ing, and Telegraphy. The work provides for: 1. A union of academic and industrial subjects, whereby educational and vocational training are combined, making acquisition and application inseparable. 2. The intensive study of the essential academic subjects, supple- mented by the mastery of a vocational subject. 3. The daily use of shops, laboratories, and the necessary facilities, for good work. The session's work is divided into two terms, an arrangement which enables the student to begin the course at the commencement of any term. Classification is based upon the term's work. Students who are unable to remain in school continuously can resume work at the beginning of any succeeding term with the advantages and credits of consecutive work. To complete a coiirse of study students must take all the announced academic subjects and one industrial. They will receive the degree of Bachelor of Industry (B. I.) upon the completion of a required course. A certificate of proficiency is awarded each student upon the mastery of any industrial, provided that the student is found proficient in the accompanying academic studies. No student will be awarded a certificate of proficiency who is not skillful in the use of good English. The academic subjects need no further explanation. The industrial subjects are subdivided into three general courses as follows, the student selecting any one, or two of them: 1. The General Business Course includes: Printing, Telegraphy, Typewriting, Book-keeping, Stenography, and Surveying. Book-keeping and Stenography begin with the second term of the first year. Surveying is offered to the senior class. 2. The Mechanical Course offers systematic exercises in Joinery, Wood Turning, Pattern Making, General Construction Work, Forging, 458 STATK INSTITUTIONS. Firing Boiler and Tending Engine; Making Iron and Steel Tools; Machine Work. 3. The Domestic Science Course has all the significance that the words sewing and cooking carry when used with intelligence and economy. Instruction is given in the art of needle-work, including exer- cises in model work, plain sewing, dressmaking, embroidery, etc. In the kitchen laboratory students make a careful study of foods, their compo- sition and use, their classes, and their relations to the human body. Every step taken is based upon scientific principles. Instruction is given in chemistry, physiology, botany and bacteriology', with special reference to neatness, health, and economy in the home. The academic classes run each day from 8 :30 to 1, while the indus- trial classes run from 2 to 5 P. M. It would be diiiicult to find a happier union of forces to prepare girls and boys for effective living than is seen at the Louisiana Industrial Institute. The town is healthful and beautiful, the tone of the people is intensely moral and cultured. The economic principle is studiously regarded from the student's standpoint, $104 paying the total necessary expenses of a session of nine months, while intensive study and thorough training are noted characteristics of the institution. The student organi- zations supplement the regular courses by furnishing abundant exercise for the training of the physical, the mental, and the moral boy or girl. The students come from the school ready to live. MEMBEKS OF THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES. Gov, W. W. Heard President Hon. J, V. Calhoun Baton Rouge E. M. Graham Ruston John C. Pugh Shreveport John Dymond New Orleans J. H. DiLLARi) New Orleans Winston Overton Lake Charles J. J. BooLES Ruston A. V. Coco Marksville James B. Aswkll. Seeretaiy of Board Ruston jAisfES B. As WELL. President of School Ruston Harry Howaiu), Secretary of School Ruston STATE INSTITUTIONS. . 459 SOUTHWESTERN LOUISIANA INDUSTEIAL INSTITUTE, LAFAYETTE, LA. The Southwestern Louisiana Industrial Listitute was established by Act 162 of the General Assembly of Louisiana, July 14th, 1898, for the education of the white children of Louisiana in the arts and sciences. The institute is under the control of a Board of Trustees consisting of the Governor of the State and the State Superintendent of Education, ex-officio, and of eight members appointed by the Governor, as follows : One from each of the sis Congressional Districts of the State, ^nd two from the State at large. The President of the institute is, ex-officio. Sec- retary of the Board of Trustees. The act of establishment provided that the institution should be lo- cated in that parish of the Thirteenth Senatorial District which should of- fer the best inducements therefor to the Board of Trustees. The people of the Parish of Lafayette offered a self-imposed tax of two mills on the dollar of the assessed valuation of their property for ten years, supple- mented by liberal appropriations from the municipal corporations of the town and the parish, by cash subscriptions from private citizens, and by the private gift of a valuable site of twenty-five acres. This offer proved to be the best among several that were submitted in active com- petition, and was accepted by the Board of Trustees. The town of Lafayette is the capital of Lafayette parish, is centrally located on the main line of the Southern Pacific Railway at the terminus of the Alexandria branch of this road, and is easily accessible from all points. It has a population of thirty-five hundred, and is at the junction- point of the chief industrial interests of Louisiana — those of sugar, cotton and rice. With the resources made available by the issuance of ncgotiatiable bonds upon the ten-year tax voted by the people, liberally supplemented by appropriations from the State, the Board was enabled to erect and equip a complete group of buildings, adequate to the needs of the most thor- oughl.y organized secondary institution of learning of the present day, both for academic instruction and for manual training. The main building is a handsome two-story brick structure, one hun- dred and sixty-three feet long by sixty-five feet wide, with an eight-foot basement and two large lecture rooms, forty feet by sixty-five, on the third floor. The basement contains a complete sanitary system, with the most modem plumbings and fittings, together with the main body of the pipe-connections for the systems of steam-heat and water-supply with 460 • STATE INSTITUTIONS. wihich the building is provided throughout; and it also contains a series of paved play-rooms for rainy weather, lunch rooms, a janitor's room, and tne suite of rooms devoted to the Cooking School. The iirst floor consists of six large class rooms, two cloak rooms, two retiring rooms, the recep- tion room and offices, and the Library — all opening into a twelve-foot hall- way through the entire length of the building. The second floor has on the south end two Laboratories for Physics and Chemistry, with sui-i ... room, dark room, and outlets for gas, water and electricity; and on the north end it has two class rooms and a supply room for freehand and mechanical drawing; while the whole central portion of the second floor forms the ample and beautiful Auditorium, sixty-two feet in width by seventy-two feet in length and twenty-four feet from floor to ceiling — the most attractive feature of the building. This auditorium, with the stage and retiring rooms in one comer, has a seating capacity of about eight hundred, and is now provided with more than six hundred hand- some oak opera chairs. Of the two large third-floor rooms at either end of the building, one is the Gymnasium, and has two locker rooms; the other is the Literary Society Hall and Music Room, and has an ante- room adjacent. The building is well protected, being formed into three' separate fire units by thirteen-inch brick partitions throughout, and having two complete stairways from bottom to top; and its architecture is upon lines of solidity and strength. The Dormitory for Girls is a two-story brick building, one hundred and forty feet long by fifty-eight feet wide, to afford accommodations when completed for eighty persons. As yet the interior of the building is completed only on the first floor, which provides comfortably for twenty-eight students. There are on this floor seven dormitory rooms, o bathroom, the reception room, the Matron's room ,the infirmary, and the dining room, serving room, two store rooms and the kitchen. Each dormitory room is furnished with four single enameled iron beds, two enameled iron washstands, a handsome and substantial bureau, and a private locker for each girl. The entire building is equipped with most modern conveniences, including water supply, both cistern water and artesian from the municipal supply, and electric light. The Workshop is a single-story frame building of the general di- mensions of one hundred feet by thirty, and is protected with a covering of galvanized iron. The shop is thoroughly equipped with twenty-four work benches with tools, six lathes, an improved saw-.bonch with two cir- cular saws, a planer, a scroll saw, a large grindstone, and all tools neces- sary for the best modern equipment of a manual training shop, A fifteen horse-power engine drives this machinery and is supplied by a sixty horse-power boiler which also heats the main building by means of a reducing valve. The Industrial Institute offers to both boys and girls a rounded course in the academic branches and the manual training pursuits of the secondary school — a course that will provide not only for mental develop- ment and culture, but also for the education of the hand as being the 32 C d H W CB w o M O! 1— ( > > H !2l CO 1-3 1— I H H > H .T" /w-J — L^ ? UD ■ \ "■ " ■■ :,- - ■ i tff i " »ni . i " iiwnwwwy —W W i-a OJi t III I Si >» i|' U* « J3» : f^--^ 462 STATE INSTITUTIONS. most important servant of the brain. It is designed to provide educative material representative of the humanistic, the scientific, and the economic aspects of knowledge, and lo fit students both for the better and more intelligent pursuit of the practical industries of life, and also for the 1- ore advanced stud'es of tlic college and the university. THE FIRST SESSION. The Industrial Institute began its first session on September 18th, 1901. One hundred students were enrolled on the first day, and this number was quickly increased to one hundred and fifty. The standard lias been kept high, and all students have been urged to take the regular and complete four years' course in academic and industrial studies. The whole work of the school has been most cheerfully entered into by both teachers and pupils. The class rooms, the laboratories, the library, the cooking school, the drawing rooms, the sewing room, the typewriting room, the book-keeping room, the music rooms, the gymnasium, the offices, and the workshop — all are places of the most active and interesteil effort towards self-improvement. And the esprit du corps shown in the student organizations — the glee clubs, the literary society, the athletic associations, baseball, football, basket ball, tennis, and the several class organizations — clearly indicates a most wholesome condition, in both body and mind, of the entire school community of the Institute. The people of the parish and of the community in wliich the Institute is located believe in it strongly, and give it at all times their most cordial support. BOARD OF TRUSTEES. PIis Excellency, Governor W. W. Heard, ex-officio Baton Rouge Superintendent of Education, Hon. J. V. Calhoun, ex-officio, Baton Rouge Hon. Albert Estopinal New Orleans First District. Term expires in 1902. Hon. Brown Ayres New Orleans Second District. Term Expires in 1904. Hon. John C. Buchanan Lafayette Third District. Term expires in 1904. Hon. John IT. Overton Alexandria Fourth District. Term expires in 1904. Hon. J. G. Lee Baton Rouge Fifth District. Term expires in 1902. Hon. Thomas H. Lewis Opelousas Sixth District. Term expires in 1902. Hon. James A. Lee New .Iberia At Large. Term expires in 1904. Hon. Robert Martin St. Martinville At Large. Term expires in 1902. state institutions, 463 Officers of the Board. Gov. W. W. Heard, President Baton Rouge Hon. Eobt. Martin, Vice President St. Martinville Hon. Crow Girard, Treasurer Lafayette Pres. E. L. Stephens, Secretary Lafayette FACULTY. E. L. .STEPHEisrs, President; Mathematics. V. L. Roy, Science. . . AsHBY Woodson, Manual Training. Miss Gertrude Mayfield, Domestic Science. Miss Beverly Randolph, Drawing and Gymnastics. Miss Edith G. Dupre, English and French. Florent Sontag, Music. L. W. Mayer, Stenography. Mrs. Elizabeth F. Baker, Matron. 464 STATE INSTITUTIONS. SOUTHERN UNIVERSITY AND AGRICULTURAL AND MECHANICAL COLLEGE, NEW OKLEANS, LA. The Constitutional Convention of the State of Louisiana, in 1879 in its wisdom, established in the City of Kew Orleans an institution to be devoted to the higher education of persons of color, to be entitled the "Southern University." The support of this institution was secured by constitutional pro- visions, entitling it to an annual appropriation for its current expenses, by the State Legislature, of not more than ten thousand dollars, nor less than five thousand dollars. At the session of the General Assembly of Louisiana, in April, 1880, an act was passed "To establish in the City of New Orleans, a university for the education of persons of color; and to provide for its proper gov- ernment." On the 3rd of March, 1881 the "Act of Incorporation or Charter" was signed by I. N. Marks, George H. Fayerweather, S. D. Stockman, Edwin H. Fay, John J. Carter, Robert H. Jones, J. B. Wilkinson, M. D., T. T. AUain, Zebulon York, N. C. Blanchard, John S. Billieu, and W. Sanders, as incorporators. The same body of men composed the first Board of Trustees. Although this charter was gotten out in March, 1881, we find that the school was in existence half a year or more previous to that date. For, on October 10th, 1880, the Board of Trustees held a meeting and passed laws designating the proper officers of the Faculty of the school. And another meeting was held December 1st, 1880. The school started in a very slow way at first, and continued at that pace for some years. When the act was passed by the Legislature establishing the school, through some oversight, the idea seemed not .to occur to any one that a building would be necessary in which this school should hold its daily sessions. A building was essential. The Board of Trustees did about the only thing it could do under the circumstances. Money, annually appropriated to pay teachers' salaries, was applied to secure the first essential— a school building, although a number of the teachers had to be dispensed with. A building was purchased on Calliope street. New Orleans, and as much money as could be spared was paid towards the same, while a mortgage was given on the house for the rest. Annually payments were 466 STATE INSTITUTIONS. made from the teachers' fund to liquidate this debt. But it necessitated a lack of teachers and the holding back of the school. The first president of the school was one of its trustees — Mr. George H. Fayerweather. He held this office for one year. President Fayerweather was succeeded by Dr. C. H. Thompson, an Episcopal minister. He occupied the position for one year also, when the Board of Trustees concluded to apply to the trustees of Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, for a recommendation of one of their graduates to take the position. Eev. J. H. Harrison, a graduate of Vanderbilt University, took charge of the university in the fall of 1883, as its president. Professor Harrison possessed the intuitions and correct training of the true teacher. The school made a very decided advance under President Harrison's management. The Girls' Industrial Depart- ment and the Chemical and Physical Departments had their beginning under his administration and direct promotion. The grade of the school generally was raised. President Harrison remained in charge three year? and then resigned and returned to Tennessee. The next president of the school was Rev. George W. Bothwell from northwest Ohio. Mr. Bothwell had previously occupied a position as teacher in a somewhat similar institution in New Orleans. During this administration the school was moved from its quarters on Calliope street to its present position on Soniat and Magazine streets, permission having been previously been obtained from the Legislatur*" to sell the school's interest in the old quarters and to purchase a whole square of ground in the then outskirts, on Sonniat and Magazine streets, and to build thereon the present, much more commodious and suitable, substantially built, three-story brick building. The money obtained from the sale of the old building was applied as part payment for the new. The Legislature also appropriated State warrants, then at a considerable dis- count in the market, to assist in paying for the new quarters. Only about $7,500 was realized. A debt of $12,000 at 8 per cent, interest was left on the building and grounds. This debt was gradually reduced to $9,000 by payments from the fund for the salaries of the teachers. Last year it was reduced to $8,000, and interest reduced to 6V2 per cent. The grounds, however, in the meantime have appreciated in value until they are now worth over three times their original cost. President Bothwell, elected in 18S6, occupied the position of presi- dent of the university just one year. The Board of Trustees then, in 18^7, elected as president a native of Louisiana — LL A. Hill, the present incumbent. The greatest difficult.y to overcome was the discipline of the school, which is now equal, if not superior to that of any similar institution. There were no graduates of the school before 1887. Since, and including 1902, the total from all departments is 213 graduations. The highest number for one year, 32, is in the present — 1902. The university now has an Agricultural Department on a farm of 100 acres, a Mechanical Department, a tinsmith shop, a Printing Depart- STATE INSTITUTIONS. 467 ment, dairy, and Girls' Industrial Department, supported jointly by the United States and State Governments. It has also the usual Academic course. The attendance now is 422. BOAED OF TRUSTEES. Mr. Wm. H. Preis, Hon. L. H. Marrero, Hon. J. C. Hexriques, Mr. Ernest Cucullu, Capt. a. a. Woods, Mr. J. W. Cook, Mr. Henry W. Spear, Rev. A. L. Reese. Capt. John H. O'Connor, I. E. Mullon, M. D., Mr. Branch K. Miller, Mr. H. H. Freeman. Officers of the Board. Wm. H. Preis, President New Orleans, La. J. W. Cook, Vice-President Lake Prcvidence, La. Hon. J. C. Henriques, Secretary and Treasurer New Orleans, La. *j- 468 STATE INSTITUTIONS. LOUISIANA INSTITUTE FOR THE BLIND, BATON ROUGE, LOUISIANA. BOARD OF TRUSTEES. Gov. W. W. Heard, ex-officio. President Baton Rouge C. C. Bird, Esq., Vice-President Baton Rouge C. J. Barrow, Esq Baton Rouge Jos. Gebelin, Esq Baton Rouge Jos. Gottlieb, Esq Baton Rouge C. H. Jolly, Esq Baton Rouge O. Kondert, Esq Baton Rouge Hon W. W. Ventress Iberville Parish A. E. Read, Esq Superintendent The Louisiana Institute for the Blind is emphatically an institution for the education of the blind children of the State. Governor Claiborne, in his message to the Legislature of 1806, said: "The youth should be regarded as the property of the State, their welfare should constitute a primary care of the government, and those in power should esteem it their duty to make provision for their improvement." The blind are peculiarly the wards of the State, and it must, there- fore, afford sincere pleasure to those whose duty it is to be interested in the education and welfare of Louisiana children to know something of the work of this school. The course of study is abreast with that of most High Schools. The classes in history, literature, arithmetic and the sciences (elementary branches) would bear a very favorable comparison with classes of the same grade in other schools. Music is taught by an able instructor. Lessons are given on the piano and other musical instruments, and instruction is also given in thorough bass, harmony and musical history. Physical culture is an important and interesting feature in the regular school course, and one, seeing the ease and grace of the pupils as they wind and unwind in the intricate marches, would find it difficult to believe that they were moving in darkness. In the industrial department the pupils are taught kindergarten work, knitting, crocheting, sewing, by hand and machine, basket-making and typewriting. The larger boys learn piano-tuning, mattress-making, to cane chairs and broom-making. The work done in the shop is an excel- lent training for those whose sources for gaing a living are so limited. The aim of the superintendent and teachers is that of education — that it may not be superficial ; and above all, that it may be of practical benefit. Life for all is full of terrible possibilities, and especially so for those STATE INSTITUTIONS. 469 deprived of sight, who are, in a great measure, unfitted to battle with the world. Hence, every eSort is made to make the pupils self-reliant and to perfect them in some branch of work by which they can earn a living. Several of the graduates are now self-supporting. In addition to the regular courses of study, the pupils are read to an hour each day. The reading matter is carefully selected and they enjoy the rare privilege of hearing only what is good and pure. Thus, iu every direction an effort is made to throw about the inmates, influences re- fining and elevating. The administration of the school is vested in the Superintendent and a Board of Trustees, the Governor being President ex-officio. Under the law, pupils are received between the ages of seven and twenty-one, inclusive. The grounds are ample and beautiful and the buildings, until this season, have been sufficient. There has been a much larger attendance this session than ever before, and the prospect for a still larger number, is of the best; as already it has been found necessary to decline to receive applicants. It is believed and hoped that provisions will be made by the State for the accommodation of all who may apply. 470 STATE INSTITUTIONS. THE LOUISIANA DEAF AND DUMB INSTITUTE. BATOX rouge; LOUISIANA. In 1852, the late Col. F. D. liichardson, a distinguished citizen of St. Mary, introduced in the Legislature the bill founding the Louisiana School for the Deaf. Mr. James S. Brown, of the Indiana school, was the original superintendent. The initial attendance numbered thirteen pupils. In 1884 the facilities of the school were still meagre, and the attendance only about thirty-five pupils. The present year, 1902, finds an admirably equipped institution with one hundred and ten pupils, making busy and bright the atmosphere of class-rooms and work-shops. The recent progress of the school has been marked; its beneficent purpose has steadfastly sought the unfortunate children of the State, for whoso welfare it was established. The institution occupies a large and picturesque building, sur- rounded by beautiful grounds; a neat hospital, industrial building, etc., are coimected with the school. Industrial training, introduced in 1890, is a most important feature in the school's work. The boys are taught the trades of carpentry, shoemaking and printing; the girls, the useful art of sewing, etc. In the educational department of the school, oral and mannal methods are advantageously employed. In fact, the deaf pupil is devel- oped along all helpful lines. The faculty for the session of 1901-1902 comprises the following teachers : Oral Department — Llettie I. Patterson, Ernestine Jastremski, Ida L. Austin, Ninetta Layton. Manual Department — H. L. Tracy, Nellie Cornay, James Goodwin, A. J. Sullivan. Instructors, Industrial Department — H. L. Tracy, printing; Frank A. Dobson, shoemaking; L. L. Ilennigan, carpentiy; Sarah Hereford, sewing. Officers, Domestic Department — Anna M. Foules, matron; Sarah Hereford, F. A. Dobson, L. L. Ilennigan, A. J. Sullivan, supervisors; Mrs. Clara Ripley, in charge of hospital. Secretary and Instructor of Gymnastics — Mary E. Land. Book-keeper — Henry Jastremski. BOARD OF TRUSTEES. Gov. W. W. Heard Ex-officio President Hex. J. V. Calhoun, Supt. of Public Education Ex-officio Member Harney Skolfield Vice-President John Jastremski Secretary P. J. Trezevant, Isidore Mendelsohn, H. C. Paulsen, A. D. Lytle and G. L. Trichel Members Wm. H. Reynaud Treasurer Dr. B. Duchien ; Physician Dr. John Jastremski has earnestly served the State as superintendent of this school since 1884. ii^fik-i!' nr h n 1% r,,.^' f .J^i n4^ .-jTr 472 STATE INSTITUTIONS. GULF BIOLOGIC STATION. Louisiana's extensive coast line of 1950 miles has always been known to be rich in food fishes, oysters, crabs, shrimp, and other salt water form of value as food for man. While many States, not so well located as Louisiana, have realized years ago the importance of studying and protecting their coast products, it was not until 1898 that this State passed an act, No. 182, creating and establishing a Biologic Station upon the coast for special investigation of problems affecting fish and fisheries. This act provided for a board of control consisting of the Governor of the State, the State Superintendent of Education, the Commissioner of Agriculture and Immigration and the Presidents of the State University, the State Normal, and the State Industrial Institute. This board was empowered and directed to locate said station and to provide for co-operation in its investigations with the United States Commission of Fish and Fisheries; to offer its facilities under special regulations to special investigators and students of Biologic Sciences, and to publish in publications of the Bureau of Agriculture and Immigration such results of investigation of said station, as would be of value in the de- velopment of the Biologic resources of the State. At the regular session of the State Legislature in 1900, Section 2 of Act 182 of 1898, was amended and re-enacted under Act 163, adding the President of the Southwestern Industrial Institute to the Board of Control, and giving full power and authority to the Board of Control to pass all needful regulations and rules for the government and manage- menr~of said station; to fix and determine a scale of charges and fees to be paid by all persons using said station and its apparatus, and avail- ing themselves of its advantages and facilities; to elect honorary mem- bers, annual and life, on such terms and conditions as the Board may provide; to accept donations of money or property for the benefit and use of said station, and to devote the same to the purposes and objects of said station ; to acquire lands necessary to the extension or improvement of the said station; to receive all funds appropriated by the State or donated by persons, or institutions, and to control and manage the same, and disburse the same for necessary expenses of the station; to fish un- molested, in any of the public waters of the State with dredging apparatus^ seines, nets, trawls, surface trawls, and all other instruments and ap- paratus for the sole purpose of obtaining the materials needed in the prosecuting the purposes and necessary investigations in the directions of the scientific objects for which the stntion is established, as set fort'.i in the original act; and generally all power and authority necessary to carry out the purposes and objects of said act, in investigating the Fauna and Flora of the Gulf of Mexico and the waters adjacent thereto. An appropriation of $5,000 was made by the State Legislature in STATE INSTITUTIONS. 473 1900, which, under the direction of the Executive Committee of tlhe Board of Control, has been used to erect a station building. This building, which is now (March, 1902,) complete, has been carefully designed and is so constructed as to give excellent facilities for biologic work, and at the same time reduces to a minimum any danger from storms. The United States Weather Bureau has placed upon the station grounds a splendidly equipped weather station, which will not only be of invaluable service to the operations of the station, but will, by timely forecasts of high winds and tidal waves, protect the agricultural and live stock interests of the coast parishes. Some equipment such as seines, trawls, tow nets, surface nets, etc., have been purchased, and during the season of 1901 some investigations were made. From the results of last season's collecting and observa- tion the location promises a wide range of scientific investigations. The oyster beds of the Pass oifer excellent opportunities for cultural investi- gations of value to the oyster interests of the State. The laboratory building will be formally opened to students of science early in June (1902), after which time active operations will be constantly carried on and the results of all investigations published. Appropriations will be asked for to further equip the station and to place it upon a basis in keeping with tlie spirit of the legislative act which authorized its creation. 16 tP!^ 4 ") -r ■ -i< H I— I di O M H I— I M <; M o cc o I— I Q a I— I M <1 STATE INSTITUTIONS. T 47c OHAEITY HOSPITAL. This famed institution is dealt with in this sketch as a modern hospital and as it exists to-day. Its enlarged scope and usefulness, and its broad work, are sufficient for the purposes of this publication, which deals with the present conditions of Louisiana, her political economic situation, her resources and advantages, her marked position as a State, as we now find them. These would naturally embrace her great institu- tions, elemosynary and otherwise, and place to the fore-front as a leader of the class the Charity Hospital. The antecedent history of the hospital reaches back legitimately to the year 1727, when is chonicled the arrival of seven Ursuline Nuns, with four servants, whose specified duty it was to take charge of the Charity Hospital of New Orleans. The hospital of which they had to take charge on their arrival was at the corner of Bienville and Conti streets, but this was soon exchanged for a more convenient one connected with the Ursulines' Convent, corner of Conde and Ursuline streets. With this humble and abridged beginning the hospital increased its proportions from time to time, moving its location as demanded by events and casualties of fire and storm until, in 1784, Don Andres Almonaster Y Roxas, a rich and benevolent Spaniard, commenced the erection of a hospital on the west side of Rampart street, between Toulouse and St. Peter streets. It cost $114,000.00, and two years was occupied in building it. The hospital founded by Almonaster Y Roxas remained under the patronage and direction of his family until 1811, when it was ceded to the public, the building, however, having been previously destroyed by fire. By the act of the Legislature accepting it, it was placed under the government of a Council of Administrators, nine in number, of whom the Governor was to appoint six and the City Council three. In 1813 it was enacted that a Board of eight should be appointed by the Governor with the advice and consent of the Senate, the Governor being ex-officio a member. In 1815 the Charity Hospital was built on the square bounded by Common, Dryades, Canal and Baronne streets. In 1832 the property was sold tothe State and converted into a State House. With the proceeds of the sale, $125,000.00, the Administrators, at a cost of $150,000.00, purchased the square on which the Charity Hospital now stands and erected buildings sufficient to accommodate four to five hundred patients. Additions have been made from time to time until now some 800 can find beds, with comfortable room in case of unusual pressure for at least 200 additional. The facts excerpted mainly from the history of the Charity Hospital by the late Dr. James Bums, and published by authority by the then Board of Administrators of 1877, are necessarily inserted as preliminary to a brief notice of the institution as it is to-day. i\ // %.--Q}\ •^\ w— STATE INSTITUTIONS. 477 Tte hospital covers two squares of ground, bounded by Howard, Gravier and Magnolia streets, and Tulane avenue, a piece of land 700 feet in length by 430 feet in depth. On this plot is located no less than 16 buildings devoted to the various purposes of the institution. The front or main building is three stories high, 300 feet wide and 50 feet deep, and of itself contains 34 large and well ventilated wards. In fact the building, as it now stands, is a model hospital of itself. Passing through its transverse corridor you enter the A. B. Miles Surgical Amphitheatre, complete in all its details for the work of modem surgery, and which means an epitome of the progress of the age in this regard. In the brief limits of this imperfect sketch it is impossible to embrace even the leading features of the Charity Hospital. Its buildings and accessories, a large portion of which are the result of legacies and dona- tions made it by philanthropic citizens of New Orleans, are such as to compare favorably with any in the country. The munificent donation oi Mrs. D. A. Milliken of over $100,000.00 enabled the present Board of Administrators to erect and furnish complete the Richard Milliken Memorial Hospital for Children. A donation of $50,000.00 from a benevolent citizen, whose name has been withheld at his request, has enabled the erection of a Home for Female Trained Nurses, now about ready for occupancy. The grand bequest of $73,000.00 from the late W. T. Eichards has been partly used for various improvements and additions, as have many minor sums from others. The people of New Orleans, and the State of Louisiana, are justly proud of the great Charity Hospital which is cared for by the State in a broad and generous manner. Its present government is as follows: OFFICERS CHARITY HOSPITAL, NEW ORLEANS, LA., 1902. BOARD OF ADMINISTRATORS. ' His Excellency, W. W. Heard, Ex-officio President. E. S. Lewis, M. D., Vice-President. R. E. Craig. John T. Gibbons. A. R. Brousseau. Geo. Seeman. W. G. Vincent. De. Geo. S. Bbl. Hunter C. Leake. » HOSPITAL officers. Dr. J. D. Bloom House Surgeon Dr. E. D. Fenner 1st Assistant House Surgeon Dr. J. M. Batchelor 2nd Assistant House Surgeon and Registrar Edwin Marks Secretary and Treasurer Dr. 0. L. Pothier • .Pathologist Dr. M. Couret Assistant Pathologist Walter T. Taylor Chemist and Druggiat James R. Leake Clerk John Pander - -• -Engineer attorneys. Farrar, Jonas & Kbuttschnitt. STATE INSTITUTIONS. 479 THE INSANE ASYLUM OF THE STATE OF LOUISIANA. In 1847 an act was passed by the Legislature "to establish an Insane Asylum in the State of Louisiana," and approved March 5th, 1847. The Asylum was located at Jackson, East Feliciana Parish, access to which was from Bayou Sara, on the Mississippi river, thirteen miles distant. The Asylum was opened November 21st, 1848, and 85 patients were lemoved from the New Orleans Charity Hospital, where they were being cared for at that time. The report of Dr. Preston Pond, physician to the Asylum, December 31st, 1849, shows that 130 patients had been admitted, and at that date there were 75 remaining. The following table, from the biennial reports at hand, gives the population of the Asylum at different periods: Patients Tear. Kemaining. December Slst, 1849 75 " 1851 78 « 1853 132 « 1854 130 « 1855 162 « 1856 102 « 1857 125 « 1858 137 « 1859 157 " 1860 144 « 1865 172 « 1867 163 « 1869 145 " 1870 163 « 1871 168 " 1877 194 April 1st, 1882 244 " 1884 472 « 1888 452 March 17th, 1890 488 " 1892 601 « 1894 717 « 1896 846 « 1898 985 " 1900 1170 « 1902 1284 STATE INSTITUTIONS. 481 After New Orleans was captured by the Federals in 1862, no more insane were sent from there to Jackson until the close of the war. New Orleans assumed charge of her indigent insane in 1866 at the old Marine Hospital, which was known as the City Insane Asylum, until 1882 when they were transferred to the State Insane Asylum at Jackson. On February 5th, 1878, a committee composed of Drs. Charles Turpin, John J. Castellanos, C. J. Bickham, I. L. Crawcour, and E. S. Lewis, made an elaborate official report upon the conditions of the City Insane Asylum to the Mayor and Administrators of the City of New Orleans, in which they strongly condemned that institution. In 1881, out of an average of 170 patients confined in the City Insane Asylum of New Orleans, 69 of that number died. They cost the city in the eleven years from 1871 to 1881, inclusive, $231,791.41. There was no epidemic that year, yet the annual mortality was 40.5 per cent. The death rate in the State Insane Asylum for 1900 was 6.43 per cent., and in 1901, 5.24 per cent. Previous to the Civil War of 1861-65, not more than a score of "free negroes" were received into the Asylum, while slaves were excluded. The insane slaves, who were comparatively few in numbers, were cared for on the plantations by their owners. Of the 84 admissions to the State Insane Asylum in 1865, thirteen were colored people. From that time the negro began to occupy an important numerical position among the insane of Louisiana. At this date, March 17th, 1902, there are 465 colored patients in the Asylum. From 1848 to 1852, Mr. James King was superintendent and Dr. Preston Pond was visiting physician. In 1852 E. C. Power became superintendent. In 1856 Dr. G. W. Mayberry became superintendent. In 1857 Dr. J. E. T. Gourlay became superintendent, succeeded by the following : 1858, Dr. J. D. Barkdull, who continued until during the Civil War. 1866, Dr. Preston Pond. 1870, Dr. L. A. Burgess. 1877, Dr. J. W. Jones, who continued imtil 1890. 1890, Dr. L. G. Perkins. 1892, Dr. A. Gayden, until January, 1897. 1897, Dr. Geo. A. B. Hays, the present superintendent. At the close of the biennial period, March 17th, 1896, there were 846 patients in the Asylum. In six years that number has increased to 1284, as follows: White males 448 White females 371 Total white 819— 819 Colored males 210 Colored females 255 Total colored 465— 465 Grand total 1284: .'.'Ai 1#' % 1 m Q -I- Q s o STATE INSTITUTIONS. 483 BOARD OF ADMmiSTRATORS. The officers of the asylum are : Governor W. W, Heard President (Ex-Officio) James P. Bowman Vice-President Zach. Lea Secretary and Treasurer William Lynd. C. B. Hicks. E. C. Fenner. N. S. Dougherty. J. S. Landry. J. W. Nicholson. E. S. Hastings. MEDICAL OFFICERS. Geo. a. B. Hays, M. D Superintendent R. C. Kemp, M. D Assistant Superintendent W. E. Kittredge, M. D Assistant Superintendent The Asylum is filled beyond its legitimate capacity, but more patients are being received from time to time. At the present time there are not more than fifty insane in the State waiting for admission into the Asylum. 484 STATE INSTITUTIONS. THE CONFEDERATE MEMORIAL HALL, NEW ORLEANS. The Confederate Memorial Hall, of New Orleans, is the outgrowth of the desire of the Benevolent Associations of Confederate Veterans in New Orleans, to collect and preserve the relics and records of the great war between the States, especially those pertaining to Louisiana. Previous to 1889, these Associations had met in separate halls, where each had gathered from its members some sacred memento of that war. In that year, a movement was started, among them, for a hall in common, and the bringing together therein of their several collections. This movement was stimulated by the offer of Frank T. Howard, Esq., of New Orleans, the son of a Confederate veteran from Louisiana, to erect a suitable and handsome hail to meet the desire of the different Confederate Veteran Associations, and to dedicate it perpetually to thei, uses and the preservation of their collections. To give proper shape to the matter, the Louisiana Historical Asso- ciation was organix.ed, and chartered in 1889, for ninety-nine years. Its Board is constituted from the membership of the Asosciation of the Army of Tennessee, the Association of the Army of Northern Virginia, the Battalion of Washington Artillery, the Association of Veterans of Con- federate States Cavalry, and of the Trustees of the Howard Memorial Ivibrary Association; five members being selected by each, to represent them on the Board of Governors, who hold office for a period of one year. Each Board of Governors elects from their number a President and two Vice Presidents, a secretary, who is Treasurer also, and a Custodian. The hall was dedicated on the 8th of January, 1891. Public interest in it became rapidly aroused, and the collection was soon swollen in a notable manner. Until 1899 the expenses of the hall had been met by monthly payments from the Confederate Associations using the hall for a meeting place. Their dwindling resources warned them to provide more permanently for the maintenance of the Hall; and when the Consti- tutional Convention of the State met in 1898, it was applied to to make provision in the Constitution for "the maintenance, in New Orleans, of n Memorial Hall or repository for the collection of relics and mementoes of the late Civil War, and of other objects of interest." The request was incorporated in the Constitution, and the minimum appropriation fixed at $1,200.00 per annum. This yearly sum, with not much more than $100.00 received from contributions of visitors, and membership fees, constitutes the whole income upon which the hall has, so far, been kept up to the high itandard of usefulness and attraction that it has attained. The State appropriation is applied solely to the maintenance of the collection; the O W 486 STATE INSTITUTIONS. building and its repairs are munificently attended to by Frank T. How- ard, Esq., who, beside, has made several magnificent contributions to the collection. His benificence to the hall and its collection aggregates & large sum of money. In beauty, in completeness", in security, the hall claims the admiration of all visitors; and their number exceeded 20,000 in the past year. It is the meeting place of the Asosciation of the Army of Tennessee, the Association of the Army of Northern Virginia, the Veteran C -i erate States Cavalry Association, the Ladies' Confederate Memorial Aa- Bociation, the United Daughters of the Confederacy, Chapter No. Y2, of the Confederate Employment Bureau, Henry St. Paul Camp, U. C. V., and Camp Beauregard, United Sons Confederate Veterans. It is head- quarters of the Louisana Division United Confederate Veterans, and the depository of the archives of the general organization of the United Con- federate Veterans. The body of Jefferson Davis was lain in state within its walls. The Hall is the scene of nearly every Confederate function that occurs in New Orleans. In no spot in the South has so much Confed- erate thought, sentiment, glory and historical material been concen- trated. It stands unique in the estimation of visitors — a Pantheon in- deed! The collection numbers to-day fully 15,000 articles of the deepest in- terest, and most of them of inestimable value. There are 60 battle flags, mostly of Louisiana comamnds; several captured Federal flags; 300 framed oil paintings, lithographs, engravings and crayons; some 500 pho- tographs and daguerrotypes ; 1,000 books and pamphlets from Jefferson Davis' library; several thousand of his official and private papers;' his cradle, his swords and field glass, his watch,, and hundreds of his personal effects, and as many more that belonged to his daughter. Miss Winnie; Mrs. Davis gave the greater part of her relics, and the most valuable, to the Hall. Mementoes, papers, portraits of Generals R. E. Lee, Stonewall Jackson, Albert Sidney Johnston, Jos. E. Johnston, Leonidas Polk. Brn- ton Bragg, Richard Taylor, P. G. T. Beauregard, Henry W. Allen, D. W. Adams, Harry T. Hays, Leroy A. Stafford, Randall L. Gibson, Zebulon York, W. E. Starke, Blanchard, Gardner, Hebert and many others, too numerous to be mentioned, abound in the archives and on the walls that enclose them. It would be impossible, except in a catalogue, to enumer- ate all the precious contents of the hall. It stands unsurpassed by no sim- ilar museum in the South, and by few war museums anywhere. Its use- fulness has been invaluable to the State's Pension Commissioners, and to the Governors of the vSoldiers' Home in their investigations of applicants' records. From its 300 muster rolls and other records of Louisiana Con- federate troops, the true story of our State's military history during the Civil "War will be made possible of accomplishment in time, and with more liberal appropriation. The officers of the Association and members of the Board of Gov- ernors are as follows: state institutions, 487 Officers : Frank T. Howard Honorary President Geo. a. Williams President Frank T. Howahu First Vice President J. A. Chalaron Secretary and Treasurer Members of the Board. Jno. C. Henry, Harry T. Howard, W. G. Vincent, Frank A. Monroe, Thos. Eice, Chap Hyams, J. B. Levert, Dr. C. H. Tebault, J. L. Hempstead, Thos. L. Macon, J. C. Denis, John B. Richardson, John W^ Caldwell, R. E. Craig, T. E. Davis, B. F. Eshleman, W. L. Goldsmith, E. P. Cottraux, G. H. Tichenor, W. G. Coyle, Scott McGehee, John H. Holmes. 488 STATE INSTITUTIONS. CAMP NICHOLLS-THE SOLDIERS' HOME OF LOUISIANA. in i^arcli, l&oU, the Ueuerai Assemuiy oi tlie State edtabiislied a fcjoldiers Jriome lor -Louisiana and appropriated lor its establisJiment and mamieuauce twenty thousand dollars. The Directory was composed ot members of the General Assembly, elected by that body, and as members of the first board were chosen : Theo. F. Thienneman, Orleans. W. T. Palfrey, St. Mary. Geo. A. French, Orleans. Chas. A. iirusle, Jbervilie. Thomas Murray, Orleans. Eugene Waggaman, Jetierson. Peter M. Peterson, Orleans. Geo. W. Munday, East Feliciana. Mr. Thienneman was made President; Thomas Murray, Treasurer; Geo. A. French, Secretary. The Home was located at Mandeville, in the Parish of Saint Tam- many, and from the date of its active operation, in May, 1866, to January, 1867, ninety-six veterans of the Confederate Army were admitted. In 1867 the Legislature appropriated for the Home ten thousand dollars, and the control remained with the same Board until the administration of the affairs of the State were changed by being placed under military control, and the administration coming into power under the Constitution adopted 1868. No further appropriations were made and the institution was dis- continued. In June, 1882, the General Assembly amended and re-enacted the Act of 1866 and changed the manner and form of choosing directors, substituting for choice by the Legislature from among its own members, the appointment of the officers of the Louisiana Division of the Army of Tennessee and those of the Army of Northern Virginia, Louisiana, direct- ors of the Home. In 1898 the law was further amended by declaring that the board should consist of fifteen members; five to be elected by the Army of Tennessee, and five by the Army of Northern Virginia, and five by appointment by the Governor. The appropriation for the work indicated by the act was five thousand dollars for the two succeeding years. Under this act the Board con- sisted of: Francis T. Niuholls Army Northern Virginia, Louisiana Div Louis Prados Army Northern Virginia, Louisiana Div John H. Murray Army Northern Division, Louisiana Div John J. Fitzpatrick Army Northern Virginia, Louisiana Div J. W. T. Leech Army Northern Virginia, Louisiana Div J. A. Chalarox Army Tennessee, Louisiana Div John Augustin Army Tennessee, Louisiana Div Walter H. Eogers Army Tennessee, Louisiana Div Alfred J. Lewis Army Tennessee, Louisiana Div EiCHARD Lambert Army Tennessee, Louisiana Div sion sion sion sion sion sion sion sion sion sion CO o f o M W on o 490 STATE INSTITUTIONS. General NichoUs was chosen President; J. A. Chalaron was chosen President pro tern., John II. Murray Treasurer, and Alfred J. Lewis Secre- tary, William Bullett Superintendent, and Miss Mary S. Hill Matron. The appropriation by the State was not immediately available, but in 1883 twenty-five hundred dollars were received on account of the year 1882. The Board acquired by purchase a tract of land situate on Bayou Saint John, near Esplanade, the present location of the Home, which, in compliment to the President of the Army of Northern Virginia and the Home, was called Camp Nicholls. In May the flag of Louisiana was raised on the lawn of the Home by the daughter of General Robt. E. Lee, the daughter of General Stonewall Jackson and the daughter of General D. H. Hill. Mrs. General Jackson had made the flag and was present on the occasion. Contributions were received from private persons and from several parishes, and in September, 1883, a sham battle was given at the Fair Grounds under the auspices of the two Confederate veteran associa- tions of Northern Virginia and Tennessee, netting over $7000. With this, added to other amounts, the permanent work of establishment begun and has been maintained to the present. The Presidents of the Home have been chosen alternately from these two associations, and up to the present time have been : Francis T. Nicholls Army of Northern Virginia Walter H. Rogers. Army of Tennessee David Zable Army of Northern Virginia Alfred J. Lewis Army of Tennessee Joseph D. Taylor Army of Tennessee William R. Lyman Army of Northern Virginia John B. Vinet Army of Tennessee Edwin Marks Army of Northern Virginia Wm. E. Huger Army of Tennessee Wallace McChesney Army of Northern Virginia Chas. H. Luzenberg Army of Tennesse<; H. H. Ward Army of Northern Virgini.i Blayney T. Walshe Army of Northern Virginia Alden McLellan Army of Tennessee The number of inmates in May, 1892, was 140. The present Board of Management is : W. H. McChesney President M. B. Bergeron. . : Presideni: Pro Tern. 1. S. Richards Treasurer H. H. Ward Secretary E. H. Lombard, E. DeVerges, F. L. Place, Edwin Marks, B. T. Walshe, A. R. Blakely, J. W. Noyes, Louis Guion, Thos. McPkake, Alden McLellan, J. W. Carnahan. Thos. Higgins Superintendent 492 STATE INSTITUTIONS. LOUISIANA STATE PENITENTIARY. The General Assembly, at its session of 1890, by Act No. 70, carried into effect Article 196 of the new Constitution, which prohibited any form of leasing the State prisoners and directed that they be employed under absolute State control. This act established a Board of Control and vested it with ample poAver, with the consent of the Governor, to purchase lands, build factories and quarter boats, establish manufactures, contract for public work and to build levees and public roads. The first Board consisted of C. Harrison Parker, president ; G. A. Kill- gure, secretary and treasurer, and E. P. White. The latter resigned and R. N. Sims was appointed in his stead. They determined to continue the work of levee building only in so far as it could furnish for such work first-class men, graded physically, and employ the rest in agriculture. For this latter pui-jjose, Angola planta- tion, on the Mississippi river, opposite Red River, embracing 8,000 acres of splendid alluvial land, was purchased and some 3,000 acres put into cultivation in 1901 in corn and cotton. The result of the years' operation was a money revenue of some $92,000.00 with corn, hay, peas, etc., to supply all wants for the season. Hope plantation, 2,800 acres, on the Bayou Teche, was also purchased. This place is devoted to sugar cane and yielded, in 1901, a product of 1,040,000 pounds of sugar, 35,000 gallons of syrup and molasses, besides 16,000 bushels of corn, hay, potatoes, peas, etc., for the years' requirements. For 1902 about 1,000 acres were put down in seed cane and a large crop is in prospect. The crops sold and proceeds of levee work, for the year 1901, brought in a revenue of $176,000.00, and the agricultural produce on hand Janu- ary 1st, 1902, and reserved for prison use in 1902, made up an aggregate of some $26,000.00 above the net cost of maintenance. Henceforth the system is expected to pay its own expenses of operation and afford a surplus to complete payments on the property purchased. When the Board took charge on January 1st, 1901, there were 1,014 prisoners, of which 128 were white and 884 colored, and 981 men and 33 women. In April, 1902, this total had run up above 1,200. The death rate, under the lease system for the eight preceding years averaged a fraction over 100 per annimi, or about 10 per cent, of the population. One year it was 21 per cent. This was cut down in 1901 to 38, notwithstanding the existence of small-pox in one camp when the Board took charge. For the first four months of 1902 the deaths have been only 8, which will bring the rate down to 20 in the 1,000, or one-fifth of w'hat it had averaged previously. At the present time there are 320 prisoners at work on the levees and some 740 on the farms. A small factory at the Baton Rouge Peniten- tiary supplies the force with shoes and clothing. There will be some 5,300 acres in cotton, sugar cane and corn this year. A saw-mill and 494 STATE INSTITUTIONS. barrel factory on Angola are contemplated to utilize the raw material there on the timber lands. The Board has constructed upon these farms permanent quarters on the most approved sanitary lines, which are fitted up with steel beds, having wire woven springs. The prisoners are compelled to work accord- ing to their strength, but they are provided with the best quality of food, all they can eat, including an abundance of vegetables, and are well clothed and humanely treated. TRe following tabular statement o:^ the result of the years' operations of the Louisiana Penitentiary, under the new system, will be of interest : TOTAL PRODUCTS FARMS AND LEVEE CAMPS— 1901. Total product Angola State Farm, summary, 1901 $114,870 67 Total product Hope State Farm, summary, 1901 55,169 47 Receipts Baton Rouge Penitentiary, summary, 1901 3,716 90 Receipts and interest levee camps, summary, 1901 ". 63,781 16 Grand total, 1901 $237,538 20 .o d > w CO ft* > O O f MILITARY DEPARTMENT. ilOSTEB OF THE Louisiana State National Guard. Wm. W. Heard, Lieutenant General — Governor and Commander-in-Chief. Allen Jumel, Major General — Adjutant General and Chief of Staff. J. W. Dupree, Brigadier General — Surgeon General. J. B. Vinet, Brigadier .General — Chief of Ordnance. RutHn G. Pleasant, Brigadier General — Judge Advocate General. E. P. Cottraux, Brigadier General — Quartermaster General. John McGrath, Brigadier General — Commissary General. George W. Booth, Brigadier General — Inspector General. PERSONAL STAFF OF THE GOVERNOR OF LOUISIANA. Wm. H. Byrnes, Colonel — Aid-de-camp. Wm. H. Price, Colonel — Aid-de-camp. Henry G. Hester, Colonel — Aid-de-camp. James A, Ware, Colonel — Aid-de-camp. Ed. H. Lombard, Colonel — ^Aid-de-camp. Dudley Selph, Colonel — Inspector General of Rifle Practice. Arsene Perrillat, Colonel — Chief of Engineers. Edward S. Maunsell, Colonel — Aid-de-camp. W. W. Ventress, Colonel — Aid-de-camp. Jas. T. Harris, Colonel — Chief Signal Officer. Alden McLellan, Colonel — Aid-de-camp. Geo. A. B. Hayes, Colonel — Aid-de-camp. Wm. K. Horn, Lieutenant Colonel — Aid-de-camp. Isaac B. Ellis, Lieutenant Colonel — Aid-de-camp. J. C. Andrews, Lieutenant Colonel — Aid-de-camp. Roger de Montluzin, Lieutenant Colonel — Aid-de-camp. Maurice Generelly, Lieutenant Colonel — Aid-de-camp. Wm. H. Murray, Lieutenant Colonel — Aid-de-camp. Branch M. King, Lieutenant Colonel — Aid-de-camp. Geo. S. Kaussler, Lieutenant Colonel — Aid-de-camp. Jas. J. Hooper, Lieutenant Colonel — Aid-de-camp. L. P. Vinet, Lieutenant Colonel — Aid-de-camp. Clement Story, Lieutenant Colonel — Aid-de-camp. Andrew H. Gay, Lieutenant Colonel — Aid-de-camp. Orris McLellan, Lieutenant Colonel — Aid-de-camp. Ed. A. Pike, Lieutenant Colonel — Aid-de-camp. Edmond Hayden, Major — Aid-de-camp and Master of Transportation. 500 LOUISIANA STATE NATIONAL GUARD. Ed. A. Chavanne, Major — Aid-de-camp. E. J. Banlett, Major — Aid-de-camp. J. Stone Ware, Major — Aid-de-camp. ; Edward S. Cobb, Major — Aid-de-camp. W. R. Percy, Major — Aid-de-camp. Alphonse Prudhomme, Major — Aid-de-camp. John C. Blackman, Major — Aid-de-camp. Jas. P. Gosseraud, Major — Aid-de-camp. W. McL. Fayssoux, Major — Aid-de-camp. Alfred H. Isaacson, Major — Aid-de-camp. John Marks, Major — Aid-de-camp. J. T. Buddecke, Major — Aid-de-camp, Frank Lobrano, Major — Aid-de-camp and Asst. Q. M. General (State Armorer). Jas. B. Sinnot, Jr., Major — Aid-de-camp. FIRST MILITARY DIVISION OR DISTRICT. John Glynn, Jr., Major General — Commanding. E. C. Fenner, Colonel — Assistant Adjutant General. Sylvester Walmsley, Lieutenant Colonel — Asst. Paymaster General. Ernest T. Lewis, Lieutenant Colonel — Asst. Surgeon General. R. B. Scudder, Major — Assistant Quartermaster General. Frank M. Kerr, Major — Inspector of Rifle Practice, Aid-de-camp. J. Walker Ross, Captain — Aid-de-camp. Gabriel Filleul, Major — Assistant Inspector General. BATTALION WASHINGTON ARTILLERY. Jno. B. Richardson, Lieutenant Colonel — Commanding. Harry M. Isaacson, Major. Allison Owen, Captain — Adjutant. Hubert Palfrey, Captain — Ordnance Officer. L. Ed. Bowman, Captain — Assistant Ordnance Officer. Samuel H. Peck, Captain — Commissary. Thos. McC. Hyman, Captain — Assistant Commissary. Geo. Pendercost Thompson, Captain — Quartermaster. Gus. Leefe, Captain — Assistant Quartermaster. Jos. T. Scott, Captain — Surgeon. Maxime Landry, Captain — Assistant Surgeon. Sidney St. John Eshleman, Captain — Inspector Rifle Practice. Battery "A." Sam Fitzhugh, Captain. W. H. Seymour, First Lieutenant. Battery "B." Frank McKeough, Captain. Morris Barr, First Lieutenant. Chas. Pursell, Second Lieutenant. LOUISIANA STATE NATIONAL GUARD. 601 Battery "C." Talbot J. Bartlette, Captain. Edw. E. Baily, Eirst Lieut., Jr. Francis B. Finny, First Lieutenant. Malcolm S. Graham, Second Lieut., Battery "D." W. D. Gardiner, Captain. Jno. T. Leekert, Eirst Lieut., Jr. W. C. Richardson, First Lieut. Calvin E. Sorsby, Second Lieut. Battery "E." E. P. Owen, Captain. W. J. Nelson, First Lieut., Jr. T. S. Waterman, First Lieut. Edwin A. Fowler, Second Lieut. BATTALION ^LOUISIANA FIELD ARTILLERY. Jno. P. .Sullivan, Lieutenant Colonel — Commanding. Wm. D. Chamberlain, jMajor. Daniel P. Lawton, Captain — Chaplain. Paul Gelpi, Captain, Assistant Surgeon. Albert H. Parker, Jr., Captain. W. J. Gayle, Captain — Ordnance Officer. John Lawler, Captain — Quartermaster. W. W. Fredericks, Captain — Quartermaster. 'Smile A. Hoffman, Captain — Commissary. R. G. Hadden, Captain — Commissary. Chas. H. Hamilton, Captain — Adjutant. Leonard C. Chamberlain, Captain — Surgeon. Marshall P. Robertson, Captain — Assistant Ordnance Officer. Battery "A." Geo. W. Schwebel, Captain. Chas. Albert Watson, First Lieut., Jr. John S. Stout, First Lieutenant. John A. Bergey, Second Lieutenant. Battery "B." Benj. P. Delany, Captain. Maurice W. Heath, First Lieut., Jr. Battery "C." H. Bol. Thompson, Jr., Captain. Jos. T. McKendrick, First Lieut. Ed. D. Abadie, First Lieutenant, Jr. Battery "D." Fred. W. Fromann, Captain. Emile C. Hohn, First Lieutenant. Jules P. Dumestre, First Lieut., Jr. Walter E. Lundin, Second Lieut. Battery "E." Peter A. Chopin, Captain. Wm. J. Young, First Lieutenant. Gaston Horaist, First Lieutenant, Jr. 502 LOUISIANA STATE NATIONAL GUARD. FIRST NAVAL BATTALION. Field and Staff. J. W. Bostick, Commander. Robt. F. Spangeuberg, Lieutenant Commander — Executive Officer. Hy. G. Shaw, Lieutenant Commander — Paymaster. John H. McFarlane, Lieutenant Commander — Navigator. Robt. B. Quick, Lieutenant Commander — Navigator. Geo. A. Sheldon, Lieutenant Commander — Inspector of Rifle Practice. Rene A. Murjihy, Lieutenant Commander — Surgeon. F. Codman Ford, Lieutenant Commander — Manin Officer, Instructor of Small Arms. John J. Hule, Lieutenant Commander, Jr. — Past Asst. Paymaster. Louis J. Genella, Ensign — Signal Officer. * Ralph Handlin, Ensign — Signal Officer. John C. Febiger, Lieutenant — Ordnance Officer. Richard C. Wilson, Lieutenant Commander — Chief Engineer Officer. DnisioN "A," First Naval Battalion. Chas. I. Kiehl, Lieutenant. Edward A. Gamard, Ensign. Eugene T. Chassaignac, Lieutenant, Jr. Grade. Division "B," First Naval Battalion. Irwin Fuerst, Lieutenant. Edmond J. Mui-phy, Ensign. Louis M. Gibson, Lieutenant Jr. Grade. Di\isioN "C," First Naval Battalion, Henry B. Carroll, Lieutenant. Walter L. Abbott, Lieut., Jr. Grade. William S. Delany, Ensign. Division "D," First Naval Battalion. E. B. McKirmey, Lieutenant. Ernest D. Ivy, Lieutenant, Jr. • Division "E," First Naval Battalion. Thos. S. Collins, Lieutenant. John S. Baird, Lieut., Jr. Grade. ■ Don V. Dyer, Ensign. Division "F," First Naval Battalion. John S. Barelli, Lieutenant. Jas. A. Oakes, Lieut., Jr. Grade. David R. Aiken, Ensign. LOUISIANA STATE NATIONAL GUARD. 503 FIEST KEGIMENT INFANTRY L. S. N. G. Field and Staff. Geo. M. Hodgdon, Colonel — Commanding. Harry A. Benners, Lieutenant Colonel. 01. W. Hainkel, Major. Juste Fontaine, Jr., Major. Emmet L. Montgomer3\ First Lieutenant — Adjutant. Frank J. Chalaron, Major — Surgeon. Allen Jumel, Jr., Captain — Assistant Surgeon. S. F. Mioton, Captain — Assistant Surgeon. Co:mpany "A." Geo. H. Vennard, Captain. Alex. E. Josephson, First Lieutenant. Company "C." A. J. A. Parody, Captain. Alfred H. Ford, First Lieutenant. Company "D." John N. Subbe, Captain. Charles Epstein, First Lieutenant. Company "E." Geo. M. Hainkel, First Lieut. Leon Brudlove, Second Lieutenant. Company "H." J. L. Madden, Captain. W. F. Russell, First Lieutenant. Chris. C. Socola, Second Lieutenant. Company "K." Wm. J. Lawler, Captain. Chas. Dittmar, First Lieutenant. Herman S. Patterson, Second Lieutenant. Company "L." J. Gaston Wiltz, Captain. Arthur Fridge, First Lieutenant. Company "M." John S. Larsen, Captain. Ambrose L. Rowe, First Lieutenant. James P. Boyce, Second Lieutenant. 504 LOUISIANA STATE NATIONAL GUARD. SECOND SEPARATE COMPANY INFANTRY. (JEFFERSON PARISH.) Jos. Kaxitz, Captain. Thos. A. Tillotson, First Lieutenant. Jno. R. Langridge, Second Lieutenant. FIRST TROOP CAVALRY. (ORLEANS PARISH.) Adolphe Rocquet, Captain. Wm. S. Hero, Second Lieutenant. Chas. Robt. Churchill, First LieiArthur Nolte, Captain, Surgeon. SIGNAL CORPS. J. Henry Warner, First Lieut. Robt. Weiss, Jr., First Lieutenant. Perry W. Falls, First Lieutenant, Assistant Surgeon. FIRST BATTALION INFANTRY, L. S. N. G. Field and Staff. F. P. Stubbs, Jr., Major, Commanding. Company "A," First Battalion Infantry. Lewis P. Kilboume, Captain. A. Villere, Second Lieutenant. Company "C," First Battalion Infantry. Horace J. Sheppard, Captain. Louis H. Bell, First Lieutenant. Samuel G. Williams, Second Lieutenant. Company "D," First Battalion Infantry. Chas. L. Oakley, First Lieut. Jno. P. Parker, Jr., Second Lieut. PART III. 16 POLITICAL. POLITICAL. SUFFRAGE IN THE UlSTITED STATES. states. Alabama. Arkansas. California. s Colorado. I t Connecticut. Delaware. . . Florida Georgia. . . . Idaho . Illinois . Indiana, Iowa. Req'm'ts as to citizenship. Persons excluded from suffrage. Citizen of the United' Convicted of treason or other crime States, or alien who has declared inten- tion. Citizen of the United States, or alien who has declared inten- tion. punishable by idiots, or insane. imprisonment. Idiots, insane, convicted of felony until pardoned, failure to pay poll tax. United States soldiers j on duty in State. Citizen by nativity, \ Chinese, insane, embezzlers of pub- naturalization, or lie moneys, convicted of infamous treaty of Queretaro. | crime, person unable to read Con- stitution in English, and to write his name. Citizen or alien, male Under guardianship, insane, idiots, or female, who has or imprisoned, declared intention 4 months prior to elec- tion. Citizen of the United States. Citizen who has paid registration fee of $1 . Citizen of States. the United Citizen of the United States who has paid all his taxes since 18Y7. Citizen of the United States,male or female Citizen of the United States. Citizen of the United States, or alien who has declared inten- tion and resided 1 year in United States and 6 months in State Citizen of the United States. Convicted of felony or theft, un- less pardoned. Person unable to read Constitution or statutes. Idiots, insane, paupers, felons. Per- son who can not read the English language and write his name. Insane, under guardianship, con- victed of felony or any infamous crime. Idiots, insane, convicted of crime punishable by imprisonment un- til pardoned, failure to pay taxes. Under ffuardianship, idiots, insane, convicted of felony, treason, or embezzlement of public funds, polvgamist or bigamist. Convicted of felony. Convicted of crime and disfran- chised by judgment of the court. United States soldiers, sailors, find marines. Idiots, insane, mous crime. convicted of infa- 510 POLITICAL. SUFFRAGE IN THE UNITED STATES. states. Kansas . Kentucky. Louisiana. Maine. Maryland Massachusetts. . . Michigan. Minnesota. ""W Mississippi. Missouri. Req'm'ts as to citizenship. Citizen of the United States, alien who has declared intention, or treaties with Mexico. Citizen of the United States. Citizen of the United States. Persons excluded from suffrage. Citizen of the United States. Citizen of the United States. Citizen of the United States. Citizen or inhabitant who has declared in tention under United States laws 6 months before election and lived in State 2i/2 years. Citizen of the United States, or alien who has declared inten- tion, and civilized In- dians. Citizen of the United States. Citizen of the United States, or alien who has declared inten- tion not less than 1 year or more than 5 before offering to vote Felons, insane, duelists, rebels, not restored to citizenship, under guardianship, public embezzlers, offering or accepting a bribe. Treason, felony, bribery at election. Idiots, insane, convicted of treason, embezzlement of public funds, all crime puliishable by imprison- ment in penitentiary, persons un- able to read and write, and not owning property in the State as- sessed at $300, or not the son or grandson of a citizen of the United States prior to Jan. 1, 1867, person who has not paid poll tax. Paupers, persons under guardian- ship, Indians not taxed, and in 1893 all new voters who cannot read the Constitution or write their own names in English. Convicted of larceny or other in- famotis crime, unless pardoned, persons convicted of bribery. Paupers and persons under guar- dianship, person who cannot read Constitution in English and write his name. Indians, duelists and accessories. Convicted of treason or felony, un- less pardoned, persons under guardinanship or insane. Insane, idiots, Indians not taxed, felons, persons who have not paid taxes, persons who cannot read or undprstand Constitution. Urtitod Stntes soldiers and marines, paupers, criminals convicted once until pardoned, felons and viola- tors of suffrage laws convicted a second time. POUTICAL, 511 SUFFRAGE IN THE UNITED STATES. States. Montana Nebraska Nevada , New Hampshire New Jersey. New York North Carolina. North Dakota, Ohio. Oregon . Pennsylvania. Req'm'ts as to citizenship. Citizen of the United States. Citizen of the United States, or alien who has declared inten- tion. Citizen of the United States. Citizen of the United States. Citizen of the United States, or alien who has declared inten- tion 30 days prior to election. Citizen who shall have been a citizen for 90 days. Citizen of the United States. Citizen of the United States, alien who has declared intention 1 year and civilized In- dian. Citizen of the United States. Citizen of the United States, or alien who has declared inten- tion one year preced- ing election. Citizen of the United States at least one month, and if 22 years old or more,must have paid tax within two years. Persons excluded from suffrage. Felons, unless pardoned, idiots, in- sane. United States soldiers, sea- men, and marines, Indians. Persons excluded from sulirage. Convicts. Idiots, insane, unpardoned convicts, Indians, Chinese. Paupers (except honorably dis- charged United States soldiers and sailors), persons excused from paying taxes at their own request. Idiots, insane paupers, persons con- victed of crimes (unless pardon- ed) which exclude them from be- ing witnesses. Convicted of bribery or any infa- mous crime, Indians under tribal relations. Convicted of felony or other infa- mous crime, idiots, lunatics, per- sons unable to read or write, un- less lineal descendant of citizen of United States prior to Jan. 1, 1867, non-payment of poll tax. Under guardianship, persons non compos mentis, or convicted of felony andy treason, unless re- stored to civil rights. Felony until pardoned, idiots, in- sane. United States soldiers and sailors. Idiots, insane, convicted of felony. United States soldiers and sailors, Chinese* Convicted of some offense whereby right of suffrage is forfeited, non-taxpayers. 512 POLITICAL. SUFFRAGE IN THE UNITED STATES. States. Khode Island. South Carolina. South Dakota. Tennessee Texas. Utah.... Vermont. Virginia . Washington. .. West Virginia. Wisconsin. .. . Wyoming. Req'm'ts as to citizenship. Citizen of the United States. Citizen of the Uniled States. Persons excluded from suffrage. Citizen of the United States, or alien who hasdeclared intention Citizen of the United States who has paid poll tax of preceding year. Citizen of the United States, or alien who hasdeclared intention. Citizen, male and fe- male. Citizen of the United States. Citizen of the United States. Citizen of the United States. Citizen of the State. Citizen of the United States, or alien who has declared inten- tion. Citizen of the United States, male and fe- male. Paupers, lunatics, persons non com- pos mentis, convicted of bribery or infamous crime until restored to right to vote under guardianship. Convicted of treason, murder, or other infamous crime, dueling, paupers, insane, idiots, person who has not paid poll tax, who cannot read and write any sec- tion of the State Constitution, or can show that he has paid all taxes on property within the State assessed at $300. Under guardianship, idiots, insane, convicted of treason or felony, unless pardoned. Convicted of bribery or other in- famous offense. Idiots, lunatics, paupers, convicted of felony. United States soldiers and seamen. Idiots, insane, convicted of treason or violation of election laws. Those who have not obtained the approbation of the board of civil authority of the town in which they reside. Idiots, lunatics, convicted of bribery at election, embezzlement of pub- lic funds, treason, felony and petty larceny, duelists and abet- tors unless pardoned by legislature. Indians not taxed, idiots, insane, persons convicted of infamous crimes. Paupers, idiots, lunatics, convicted of treason, felony or bribery at elections. Insane, under guardianship, con- victed of treason or felony, unless pardoned, Indians having tribal relations. Idiots, insane, persons convicted of infamous crimes unless restored to civil rights, unable to read State Constitution. POUTIOAL. 513 DEMOCRATIC PARTY Platform Adopted at the National Convention Held at Kansas Citt, Mo., July 5th, 1900. We, the representatives of the Democratic Party of the United States, assembled in National Convention on the aniversary of the adoption of the Declaration of Independence, do reaffirm our faith in that immortal proclamation of the inalienable rights of men and our allegiance to the Constitution framed in harmony therewith by the fathers of the republic. We hold with the United States Supreme Court thut the Declaration of Independence is the spirit of our government, of which the Constitution is the form and letter. Source of all Governments. We declare, again, that all governments instituted among men derive their just powers from the consent of the governed; that any govern- ment not based upon the consent of the governed is a tyranny, and that to impose upon any people a government of force is to substitute the methods of imperialism for those of a republic. We hold that the Constitution follows the flag, and denounce the doctrine that an executive or Congress, deriving their existence and their powers from the Constitution, can exercise lawful authority beyond it or in violation of it. We assert that no nation can long endure half re- public, and half empire, and we warn the American people that imperial- ism abroad will lead quickly and inevitably to despotism at home. The Status of Porto Rico. Believing in these fundamental principles, we denounce the Porto Rico law, enacted by a Republican Congress against the protest and oppo- sition of the Democratic minority, as a bold and open violation of the nation's organic law and a flagrant breach of the national good faith. It imposes upon the people of Porto Rico a government without their con- sent and taxation without representation. It dishonors the American people by repudiating a solemn pledge made in their behalf by the com- manding general of our army, which the Porto Ricans welcomed to a 514 POLITICAL. peaceful and unresisted occupation of their land. It doomed to pov- erty and distress a people whose helplessness appeals with peculiar force to our justice and magnanimity. In this, the first act of its imperialistic programme, the Eepublican party seeks to commit the United States to a colonial policy, inconsistent with republican institutions and condemned by the Supreme Court in numerous decisions. The Pledge to Cuba. We demand the prompt and honest fulfillment of our pledge to the Cuban people and the world that the United States has no disposition nor intention to exercise sovereignty, jurisdiction, or control over the Island of Cuba, except for its pacification. The war ended nearly two years ago, profound peace reigns over the island, and still the administration keeps the government of the island from its people, while Republican carpetbag officals plunder its revenues and exploit the colonial theory to the disgrace of the American people. Policy Toward the Filipinos. We condemn and denounce the Philippine policy of the present ad- ministration. It has involved the republic in unnecessary war, sacri- ficed the lives of many of our noblest sons and placed the United States previously known and applauded throughout the world as the cham- pion of freedom, in the false and un-American position of crushing with military force the efforts of our former allies to achieve liberty and self-government. The Filipinos cannot be citizens without endangering our civiliza- tion; they cannot be subjects without imperiling our form of govern- ment, and as we are not willing to surrender our civilization or to convert the republic into an empire, we favor an immediate declaration of the nation's purpose to give the Filipinos, first, a stable form of government ; second, independence; and third, protection from outside interference such as has been given for nearly a century to the republics of Central and South America. The greedy commercialism which dictated the Philippines policy oi the Republican administration attempts to justify it with the plea that it will pay, but even this sordid and unworthy plea fails when brought to the test of facts. The war of criminal aggression against the Filipinos, entailing an annual expense of many millions, has already cost more than any possible profit that could accrue from the entire Philippines trade for years to come. Furthermore, when trade is extended at th« expense of liberty the price is always too high. Territorial Expansion. We are not opposed to territorial expansion when it takes in de- sirable territory which can be erected into States in tbe Union, and who3« POUTICAL. 515 people are willing and fit to become American citizens. We favor trade expansion by every peaceful and legitimate means. But we are unalter- ably oposed to the seizing or purchasing of distant islands to be governed outside the Constitution, and whose people can never become citizens. We are in favor of extending the republic's influence among the nations, but believe that influence should be extended not by force and violence, but thro' the persuasive power of a high and honorable example. The importance of other questions now pending before the American people is in no wise diminished, and the Democratic party takes no back- ward step from its position on them, but the burning issue of imperialism growng out of the Spanish War involves the very existence of the republic and the destruction of our free institutions. We regard it as the para- mount issue of the campaign. The Monroe Doctrine. The declaration in the Eepublican platform adopted at the Philadel- phia convention, held in June, 1900, that the Republican party "stead- fastly adheres to the policy announced in the Monroe Doctrine," is mani- festly insincere and deceptive. This profession is contradicted by the avowed policy of that party, in opposition to the spirit of the Monroe doctrine, to acquire and hold sovereignty over large areas of territory and large numbers of people in the eastern hemisphere. We insist on the strict maintenance of the Monroe doctrine in all its integrity, both in letter and in spirit, as necessary to prevent the extension of European authority on this continent and as essential to our supremacy in American affairs. At the same time we declare that no American people shall ever be held by force in unwilling subjection to European authority. MlUTARlSM. We oppose militarism. It means conquest abroad and intimidation and oppression at home. It means the strong arm which has ever been fatal to free institutions. It is what millions of our ctizens have fled from in Europe. It will impose upon our peace-loving people a large standing army and unnecessary burden of taxation and a constant menace to their liberties. A small standing army and a well-disciplined State militia are aiQply sufficient in time of peace. This republic has no place for a vast military service and conscrip- tion. When the nation is in danger the volunteer soldier is his country's best defender. The national guard of the United States should ever be cherished in the patriotic hearts of a free people. Such organizations are ever an element of strength and safety. For the first time in our history and coeval with the Philippine conquest has there been a whole- sale departure from our time-honored and approved system of volunteer organization. We denounce it as an un-American, undemocratic and unrepublicaa and as a subversion of the ancient and fixed principles of a free people. 516 poutical. Private Monopolies. Private monopolies are indefensible and intolerable. Tliey destroy competition, control the price of all material and of the finished product, thus robbing both producer and consumer. They lessen the employmem of labor and arbitrarily fix the terms and conditions thereof and deprive individual energy and small capital of their opportunity for betterment. They are the most efficient means yet devised for appropriating the fruita of industry to the benefit of the few at the expense of the many, and unless their insatiate greed is checked all wealth will be aggregated in • few hands and the republic destroyed. The dishonest paltering with the trust evil by the Republican party in State and national platforms is conclusive proof of the truth of the charge that trusts are the legitimate product of Republican policies, that they are fostered by Republican laws, and that they are protected by the Republican administration in return for campaign subscriptions and political support. We pledge the Democratic party to an unceasing warfare in nation. State and city against private monoply in every form. Existing laws against trusts must be enforced and more stringent ones must be enacted, providing for publicity as to the affairs of corporations engaged in inter- state commerce and requiring all corporations to show, before doing business outside of the State of their origin, that they have no water in their stock, and that they have not attempted and are not attempting to monopolize any branch of business or the production of any articles of merchandise, and the whole constitutional power of Congress over inter- state commerce, the mails and all modes of interstate communication shall be exercised by the enactment of comprehensive laws upon the sub- ject of trusts. Tariff laws should be amended by putting the products of trusts upon the free list to prevent monopoly under the plea of protection. The failure of the present Republican administration, with an abso- lute control over all the branches of the national government, to enact any legislation designed to prevent, or even curtail the absorbing power of trusts and illegal combinations, or to enforce the anti-trust laws al- ready on the statute books, proves the insincerity of the high-sounding phrases of the Republican platform. Corporations should be protected in all their rights and their legiti- mate interests should be respected, but any attempt by corporations to in- terfere with the public affairs of the people or to control the sovereignty which creates them should be forbidden under such penalties as will make such attempts impossible. The Tariff. We condemn the Dingley tariff law as a trust-breeding measure, skillfully devised to give the few favors which they do not deserve and to place upon the many burdens which they should not bear. We favor such an enlargement of the scope of the interstate com- POUTICAL. 517 merce law as will enable the commission to protect individuals and com- munities from discriminations and the public from unjust and unfair transportation rates. Coinage of Silver. We reaffirm and indorse the principles of the national Democratic platform adopted at Chicago in 1896; and we reiterate the demand of that platform for an American financial system made by the American people for themselves, which shall restore and maintain a bimetallic price level; and as part of such system the immediate restoration of the free and unlimited coinage of silver and gold at the present legal ratio of 16 to 1 without waiting for the aid or consent of any other nation. We denounce the currency bill enacted at the last session of Congress as a step forward in the Republican policy which aims to discredit th© sovereign right of the national government to issue all money, whether coin or paper, and to bestow upon national banks the power to issue and control the volume of paper money for their own benefit. A permanent national bank currency, secured by government bonds, must have a permanent debt to rest upon, and if the bank currency is to increase with population and business the debt must also increase. The Republican currency scheme is therefore a scheme for fastening upon the tax-payers a perpetual and growing debt for the benefit of the banks. We are opposed to this private corporation paper circulated as money, but without legal tender qualities, and demand the retirement of the national bank notes as fast as government paper or silver certificates can be substituted for them. Election of Senators. We favor an amendment to the Federal const it ut. on providing for the election of United States senators by direct vote of the people, and wc favor direct legislation wherever practicable. The Labor Question. We are oposed to government by injunction. We denounce the black- list and favor arbitration as a means of settling disputes be- tween corporations and their employes. In the interest of Amer- ican labor and the uplifting of the workingman as the comer stone of prosperity of our country we recommend that Congress create a department of labor in charge of a secretary, with a seat in the cabinet, believing that the elevation of the American laborer will bring with it increased production and increased prosperity to our country at home and to our commerce abroad. Pensions fob Soldiers. We are proud of the courage and fidelity of the American soldiers and sailors in all our wars. We favor liberal pensions to them and their de- pendents, and we reiterate the position taken in the Chicago platform in 518 POLITICAL. 1896 that the fact of enlistment and service shall be deemed conclusive ev- idence against disease and disability before enlistment. The Isthmian Canal. We favor the immediate construction, ownership and control of the Nicaragua canal by the United States, and we denounce the insincerity of the plank in the National Republican platform for an isthmian canal in face of the failure of the Republican majority to pass the bill pending in Congress. We condemn the Ilay-Pauncefote treaty as a surrender of American rights and interests, not to be tolerated by the American people. Admission of Territories. We denounce the failure of the Republican party to carry out its pledges to grant Statehood to the territories of Arizona, New Mexico and Oklahoma and we promise the people of those territories immediate State- hood, and home rule during their condition as territories ; and we favor home rule and a territorial form of government for Alaska and Porto Rico. We favor an intelligent system of improving the arid lands of the west, storing the waters for purposes of irrigation and the holding of such lands for actual settlers. Chinese Exclusion. We favor the continuance and strict enforcement of the Chinese exclusion law and its application to the same classes of all Asiatic races. Sympathy for the Boers. Jefferson said: "Peace, commerce and honest friendship with all nations; entangling alliances with none." We approve this wholesome doctrine and earnestly protest against the Republican departure which has involved us in so-called politics, including the diplomacy of Europe and the intrigue and land-grabbing of Asia, and we especially condemn the ill-concealed Republican alliance with England, which must mean discrimination against other friendly nations and which has already stifled the nation's voice while liberty is being strangled in Africa. Believing in the principles of self-government and rejecting, as did our forefathers, the claim of monarchy, we view with indignation the purpose of England to overwhelm with force the South African Republics. Speaking, as we do, for the entire American nation, except its Republican officeholders, and for all free men everywhere, we extend our sympathies to the heroic burghers in their unequal stiniggle to maintain their liberty and independence. Subsidy Bill. We denounce the lavish appropriations of recent Republican Con- gresses, which have kept taxes high and which threaten the perpetuation POLITICAL. 519 of the excessive war levies. We oppose the accumulation of a surplus to be squandered in such barefaced frauds upon the taxpayers as the shipping subsidy bill, which, under the false pretense of prospering American shipbuilding, would put unearned millions into the pockets of favorite contributors to the Republican campaign fund. Reduction of War Taxes. We favor the reduction and speedy repeal of the war taxes and a return to the time-honored Democratic policy of strict economy in govern- mental expenditures. Believing that our most cherished institutions are in great peril, that the very existence of our Constitutional Republic is at stake and that the decision now to be rendered will determine whether or not our children are to enjoy those blessed privileges of free government which have made the United States great, prosperous and honored, we earnestly ask for the foregoing declaration of principles the hearty support of the liberty- loving American people, regardless of previous party affiliations. DEMOCRATIC PARTY. National Committee 1900-1904 — Officers. U. S. Senator James K. Jones, Chairman, Washington, D. C. Ex-Gov. W .J. Stone, Vice-Chairman St. Louis, Mo. C. A. Walsh, Secretary Ottumwa, Iowa. M. F.- DUNLAP, Treasurer Jacksonville, Illinois. Executive Committee. James K. Jones, Chairman Washington, D. 0. J. G. Johnson, Vice-Chairman Peabody, Kansas. C. A. Walsh, Secretary Ottumwa, Iowa. W. J. Stone, St. Louis, Mo. H. D. Clayton Eufaula, Alt. D. J. Campan Detroit, Mich. Thos. Gahan Chicago, Illinois. J. M. GuFFEY Pittsburg, Pa. Geo. Fred Williams Boston, Mass. T. D. O'Brien St. Paul, Minn. Thos. Taggart Indianapolis, Ind. James C. Dahlman Omaha, Neb. Norman E. Mack Buffalo, N. Y. Ways and Means Committee. James K. Jones, Chairman Washington, D. C. John R. McLean, Vice-Chainnan Cincinnati, Ohio. C. A. Walsh, Secretary Ottumwa, Iowa. 520 POLITICAL. Urey Woodson Owensboro, Kv. Adair Wilson Denver, Colorado. B. R. Tillman Trenton, S. C. d. G. Johnson. Peabody, Kansas. T. E. Ryan Waukesha, Wig. M. F. Tarpey Alameda, Cal. M. F. Dunlap, Treasurer Jacksonville, HI. Press Committee. James K. Jones, Chairman Washington, D. C. Clark Howell, Jr., Vice-Chairman Atlanta, Ga. C. A. Walsh, Secretary Ottumwa, Iowa. JosEPHUs Daniels Raleigh, N. C. True L. Morris Portsmouth, N. H. J. G. Johnson Peabody, Kansas. David C. Dunbar Salt Lake, Utah. DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL COMMITTEE. STATE. members. ADDRESS. Alabama Henry D. Clayton Eufaula. Arkansas James P. Clark Little Rock. California M. F. Tarpey Alameda. Colorado Adair Wilson Denver. Connecticut Homer S. Cunimings Stanford. Deleware R. R. Kenney Dover. Florida Geo. P. Raney Tallahassee. Georgia Clark Howell Atlanta. Idaho E. M. Wolfe Mountain Home. Illinois Thomas Gahan Chicago. Indiana Thomas Taggart Indianapolis. Iowa C. A. Walsh Ottumwa. Kansas ". .C J. G. Johnson Peabody. Kentucky Urey Woodson Owensboro. Louisiana N. C. Blanchard Shreveport. Maine Geo. E. Hughes Bath. Maryland Arthur P. Gorman Laurel. Massachusetts George Fred Williams Boston. Michigan Daniel J. Campau Detroit. Minnesota T. D. O'Brien St. Paul. Mississippi A. J. Russell Meridian. Missouri William J. Stone St. Louis. Montana Tohn N. M. Neill Helena. Nebraska James C. Dahlman Omaha. Nevada J. R. Ryan Virginia City. New Hampshire True L. Norris Portsmouth. New Jersey W. B. Gourley Patterson. New York Norman E. Mack Buffalo. North Carolina Josephus Daniels Raleigh. North Dakota J. B. Eaton^ Fargo. POLITICAL. 521 STATE. MEMBERS. ' ADDRESS. Ohio John R. McLean Cincinnati. Oregon M. A. Miller Lebanon. Pennsylvania J. M. Guffey Pittsburg. Rhode Island Geo. W. Green Woonsocket. South Carolina B. R. Tillman Trenton. South Dakota Maris Taylor Huron. Tennessee J ames M. Head Nashville. Texas R. M. Johnston Houston. Utah David C. Dunbar Salt Lake. Vermont John H. Senter Montpelier. Virginia Peter J. Otey Lynchburg. Washington W. H. Dunphy Walla Walla. West Virginia John T. McGraw Grafton. Wisconsin T. E. Ryan Waukesha, Wyoming John E. Osborne Rawlins. Alaska Louis L. Williams Juneau. Arizona J. B. Breathitt Tusoon. Oklahoma J. R. Jacobs Shawnee. Indian Territory New Mexico H. B. Ferguson Albuquerque. District of Columbia Hawaii Wm. H. Cornwell Honolulu. CHAIRMEN AND SECRETARIES OF STATE DEMOCRATIC COMMITTEES. Alabama — John V. Smith, Chairman Campaign Committee, Bir- mingham; R. J. Lowe, Chairman Executive Committee, Birmingham; John G. Pugh, Secretary, Birmingham. Arkansas — Carroll Armstrong, Chairman,Morrillton ; Gray Carroll, Secretary; headquarters Little Rock. California — J. C. Simms, Chairman, headquarters California Hotel, San Francisco; Thomas Curran, Secretary, San Francisco. Colorado — Milton Smith, Chairman, Denver; Rod S. King, Secre- tary, Denver. Connecticut — Nelbert E. Gary, Chairman, Ridgefield; David T. McNamara, Secretary; headquarters New Haven. Delaware — Williard Saulsbury, Chairman; headquarters Wilming- ton; C. C. Clifford, Secretary, Dover. Florida — Frank Clerk, Chairman, Jacksonville; James E. Crane, Secretary, Tampa. Georgia — F. G. DuBignon, Chairman, Savannah; J. M. Goldsmith, Secretary, Atlanta. Idaho — K. I. Perky, Chairman, Boise City; L. C. Rice,' Secretary, Boise City. Illinois — Walter Watson, Chairman, Mt. Vernon; Fred E. Eldred, Secretary, Chicago. 522 POLITICAL. Indiana — ^Parks M, Martin, Chairman, Spencer; W. H. Hawkins, Secretary, Indianapolis. Iowa — George A. Huffman, Ciiairman, Des Moines; A. E. Jackson, Secretary, Tama. Kansas — J. Mack Love, Chairman, Arkansas City; W. H. L. Pep- perell, Secretary, Concordia. KENTUCKY — James B. McCreary, Chairman, Louisville; J. M. Lan- sing, Secretary, Louisville. Louisiana — E. B. Kruttschnitt, Chairman, New Orleans; Robert S. Landry, Secretary, New Orleans. Maine — George E. Hughes, Chairman, Bath; Fred E. Beane, Secre- tary, Hallowell. ^Maryland — MuiTy Vandiver, Chairman, headquarters Baltimore; Lloyd Wilkinson, Secretary, Pooomeke City. Massachusetts — Chris. T. Callahan, Chairman, Holyoke; W. S. McNary, Secretary, Boston. Michigan — D. J. Campau, Chairman, Detroit; C. S. Hampton, Sec- retary, Petosky. Minnesota — L. A. Rosing, Chairman, St. Paul; George S. Canfield, Secretary, St. Paul. MississiPPi—C. C. Miller, Chairman, Meridian; C. A. Gordon, Secre- tary, Port Gibson. Missouri — J. M. Selbert, Chairman (Laclede Hotel), St. Louis; J. H. Edwards, Secretary, Jefierson City. Montana — Walter Cooper, Chairman, Helena; Harvey Bliss, Secre- tary, Big Timber. Nebraska — Dr. P. L. Hall, Chairman, Omaha ; Wm. Cain, Secretary, Omaha. Nevada — W. J. Westerfield, Chairman, Reno; John H. Dennis, Sec- retary, Reno. New Hampshire — John F. Amey, Chairman, Concord; T. H. Madi- gan^ Secretary, Pittsfield. New Jersey — Wm. B. Gourley, Chairman, headquarters Jersey City; W. K. Devereaux, Secretary, Asbury Park. New York — Frank Campbell, Chairman, Bath; John M. Carlisle, Secretary, Watertown. North Carolina — F. M. Simmons, Chairman, Raleigh; P. M. Pear- sail, Secretary, Raleigh. North Dakota — Thomas Kleinogel, Chairman, headquarters Fargo; E. C. Carruth, Secretary, Grand Forks. Ohio — George S. Long, Chairman Executive Committee, Columbus; E. A. Crawford, Secretary Executive Committee, Columbus. Oregon — R. S. Sheridan, Chairman, Roseburg; W. E. Burke, Secre- tary, Portland. Pennsylvania — George S. Rilling. Chairman, Erie; J. F. Meyer, Secretary, Pottsville. Rhode Island — George W. Greene, Chairman, Woonsocket; Patrick H. Quinn, Secretary, Providence. POLITICAL. 523 South Carolina — Willie Jones, Chairman, Columbia; U. X. Qunter, Secretary Columbia. South Dakota — John Pusey, Chairman, Sioux Falls; J. P. Morrill, Secretary, Sioux Falls; John E.. Wilson, Chairman Campaign Committee, Deadwood. Tennessee — Morgan C. Fitzpatrick, Chairman, Nashville; N. C. Robertson, Secretary, Nashville. Texas — James B. Wells, Chairman, San Antonio; Jeflf McLemore, Secretary, San Antonio. Utah — John W. Burton, Chairman, Salt Lake City; James Cohoii, Secretary, Salt Lake City. Virginia — J. Taylor Ellyson, Chairman, Richmond; J. Button, Sec- retary, Walker's Ford. Vermont — Emery S. Harris, Chairman, Bennin^on; C. A. C. Jack- son, Secretary, Montpelier. Washington — Henry Driun, Chairman, Spokane; A. M. Mecklem, Secretary, Spokane. Wisconsin — A. F. Warden, Chairman, Milwaukee; C. J. Noel, Sec- retary, Marinette. Alaska — F. C. Hammond, Chairman, Juneau; F. D. Kelsey, Secre- tary, Juneau. West Virginia — J. N. Miller, Chairman, Hinton-Charleston ; W. E. R. Byrne, Secretary, Charleston, Wyoming — Colin Hunter, Chairman, Cheyenne ; Luke Voorheea, Sec- retary, Cheyenne. Arizona — T. E. Parish^ Chairman, Phoenix; Frank P. Trott, Secre- tary, Phoenix. Oklahoma — Wm. M. Henderson, Chairman, Oklahoma City; Verds V. Hardcastle, Secretary, Oklahoma City; John T. Taylor, Chairman Territorial Committee, Guthrie. New Mexico — C. E. Easley, Chairman, Santa Fe; A. E. Renne- han, Secretary, Santa Fe. Hawau — Col. Chas. McCarthy, Chairman, Honolulu; Ed M. Hart, Secretary, Honolulu. PLATFORM OF THE DEMOCRATIC PARTY OF THE STATE OF LOUISIANA. adopted at the state convention held in baton rouge, la., JULY 3, 1900. The Committee on Platform and Resolutions consisting of the fol- lowing named delegates: At Large — Congressman Robert F. Broussard, Judge James M. Thompson and Senator T. C. Barret. First Congressional District- — C. A. Capdau, John D;sTnond, Sr. Second Congressional District — E. B. Kruttsehnitt, H. C. Cage. Third Congressional District — ^A. P. Pujo, J. Y. Sanders. 524 POLITICAL. Fourth Congressonal District— W. P. Peyton, Wm. Polk. Fifth Congressional District — G. W. Montgomery, Allen Barksdale. Sixth Congressiooial District — Charles Kilbourne, A. V. Coco — reported as follows: The Democratic Party of the State of Louisiana, in Convention assembled, hereby adopts the following platform: 1. We reaffirm our allegiance to the principles of the Democratic Party as set forth in the platform adopted by the National Convention at Chicago in 1896. 2. We hereby instruct our delegates to vote for the nomination of William J. Bryan for the Presidency of the United States, at the Kansas City Convention. 3. Having our faith grounded on the Declaration of Independence, we still adhere to the doctrine that: "All governments derive their just powers from the consent of the governed," and we therefore denounce the imperialistic policy of the present Republican administration as un- American and fraught with great danger to the Republican institutions of our country, and as subversive of the principles of liberty guaranteed by our Constitution. 4. We condemn the policy of the annexation of the Philippine Islands, adopted by the Republican Party, as a breach of national honor and as contrary to the traditions and teachings of the founders of this Republic, and we believe that as soon as a stable form of government can be established on said islands, they should be given their independence on such terms as may be mutually agreed. 5. We believe that the pledge made by Congress before the war with Spain, that Cuba should be free, should be speedily carried out, and that the government of the island should be handed over to her citizens, so that we may not have a further exhibition of criminal pecula- tion, to the disgrace and dishonor of American manhood. 6. We denounce trusts and combinations in restraint of trade, and demand such legislation by both Congress and State governments as will promptly, thoroughly and effectively relieve the people from their burdens. 7. We believe that a nation cannot long endure half Republic and half Empire, and oppose wars of conquest and the acquisition of colonial possessions. 8. We oppose militarism. It imposes upon the people an unneces- sary burden and is a constant menace to their liberties. A small stand- mg army and a well equipped State militia are sufficient in time of peace; in time of war the citizen soldier should be the Republic's defense. 9. We earnestly urge that our levee system be given liberal support by the National Government; that our waterways receive all necessary improvements and that the channel of the Mississippi river be deepened to the fullest extent required by the wants of commerce. 10. We favor the immediate construction of the Nicaragua Canal by the United States Government alone, and to be held under its exclusive control and protection. POLITICAL. 525 11. We favor the election of United States Senators by a direct vot« of the people. 12. We extend our deepest sjonpathy to the patriotic band of Boers who are struggling against overwhelming odds for the right of self-gov- ernment and for their liberty, lives and homes. The following sixteen delegates to represent the Democracy at the Kansas City Convention, two from each of the six Congressional Districts and four at large, were selected: United States Senators S. D. McEnery and M. J. Foster, Justice Blanchard of the Supreme Court, who is a member of the National Com- mittee, and Captain John Fitzpatrick were selected as delegates at large. First Congressional District — Alex Pujol, Vic Mauberret. Second Congressional District — E. Howard McCaleb, L. H. Marrerro. Third Congressional District— W. H. Price, R. F. Broussard. Fourth Congressional District — J. M. Foster, W. F. Blackman. Fifth Congressional District — W. W. Heard, J. A. Ransdell. Sixth Congressional District — H. L. Fuqua, Marion L. Swords. Electors at Large — R. H. Snyder, Thos. H. Lewis. First District — Charles J. Theard. Second District— W. 0. Hart. Third District— E. McCullom. Fourth District — ^H. T. Liverman. Fifth District— Allen Barksdale. Sixth District— S. D. Ellis. ROLL OF THE DEMOCRATIC STATE CENTRAL COMMITTEE, STATE OF LOUISIANA. (Appointed December, 1899, to serve until December, 1903.) NAMES. POSTOFFICE. At Large — Robt. F. Broussard New Iberia. f-Ex. Com. John Brewst(?r 1317 Ursulines Street. Ex. Com. C. C. Cordill St. Joseph. S. P. Colvin Ruston. Ex. Com. L. P. Caillouet Thibodeaux. B. P. Edwards Bienville. Ex. Com. *J. M. Foster Shreveport. Ex. Com. John Fitzpatrick 2024 Canal Street. Peter Farrell 620 St. Andrew Street. Sara'l T. Gately 4737 Canal Street. C. Taylor Gauche 1521 St. Charles Ave. Ex. Com. J. M. Gleason Grim. Court Bldg. Ex. Com. Chas. Janvier 308 Camp Street. Ex. Com. Thos. J. Kernan Baton Rouge. E. B. Kruttschnitt 818 Hennen Building. •Vacancy ; dead. 4.Executlve Committee. 526 poLinoAL. Ex. Com. D.S.Kemp Amite City. E. T. Lampkin Monroe. Thos. H. Lewis Upelousas. Ex. Com. P. M. Lambremont (Jonvent. A. S. Leclerc 701 Koyal Street. E. Howard McCaleb 'Z'6'28 St. Charles Ave. Wm. iVicCue 2441 J)^. Peters Street. Wm. M. Murphy iaUulah. Ex. Com. L, H. Marrero Amesville. T. J. Moulin 1823 Frenchmen Street Ex. Com. A. P. Pujo Lake Charles. Ex. Com. O. 0. Provosty New Roads. Ex. Com. C. Harrison Parker 1617 St. Charles Ave. Ex. Com. *Geo. C. Preot Hennen Building. D. C. Scarborough Natchitoches. Ex. Com. R. N. Sims Donaldsonville. Ex. Com. R. H. Snyder St. Joseph. Frank B. Thomas 806 Gravier Street. Ex. Com. T. S. Wilkinson Myrtle Grove. Ex. Com. Fred Zengel 623 Gravier Street. Ex Officio Edward McCollam Ellendale. Acadia — Geo. K. Bradford Rayne. Ascension — H. C, Braud Burnside. Assimiption — Joe E. LeBlanc Paincourtville. Avoyelles — Dr. W. G. Branch.- Bunkie. Bienville — J. P. Harrell Arcadia. Bossier — T. T. Land Benton. Caddo — John S. Young Shreveport. Calcasieu — John H. Poe Lake Charles. Caldwell — J, J. Meredith Columbia. Cameron — Norbert LeBoeuf Cameron. Catahoula — C. W. Fairbanks Sicily Island. Ex. Com. Claiborne — C. W. Seals Homer. Concordia — R. L. Castleman L'Argent. DeSoto— W. B. Hewitt Mansfield. East Baton Rouge — Wm. H. Reynaud. Baton Rouge. East Carroll — Dr. F. R. Bernard Lake Providence. East Feliciana — C. R. Lemon Ethel. Franklin— T. B. Gilbert, Sr Wisner. Grant — John Randolph Fairmount. Iberia — Dr. Clarence Pierson New Iberia. Ex. Com. Iberville — Jas, A. Ware White Castle. Jackson — Wm. H. Allen Vernon. Jefferson — James S. Brady Waggaman. Lafourche — H. N. Coulon Thibodeaux. Lafayette — Julian Mouton Lafayette. Livingston — L. D. Allen Denham Springs. Lincoln — S. M. Lewis Ruston. Madison— J. T. McClellan Tallulah. Morehouse — W. D. Whetstone Oak Ridge, Ex. Com. Natchitoches — C. V. Porter Natchitoches. Ex. Com. Orleans, 1st Ward — *Mike Fanning. ..1535 Tchoupitoulas St. •Vacancy ; dead. POLITICAL. 527 Ex. Com. 2nd Ward— Walter C. Murphy. . .1124 Baronne Street. 3rd Ward— *Kemy Klock 4140 Canal Street. Ex. Com. 4th Ward— V. Mauberret 1813 Bienville Street. Ex.' Com. 5th Ward— Alex. Pujol 2336 St. Ann Street. 6th Ward— Chas. R. Kennedy 1202 Dorgenois Street. Ex. Com. 7th Ward— P. A. Capdau 1102 Canal Street. Ex. Com. 8th Ward— Jos. Hirn 2318 Royal Street. 9th Ward — Ferd. Dudenhefer 600 Elysian Fields Ave Ex. Com. 10th Ward— Robt. Ewing Daily States. 11th Ward — Jas. A. Malloy 521 Washington Ave. Ex. Com. 12th Ward — Henry B. McMurray. .912 Constantinople St. Ex. Com. 13th Ward— Geo. J. Glover 311 Baronne Street. 14th Ward— Hugh C. Cage 204 Carondelet Street. Ex. Com. 15th Ward — Martin Behrmann ... 228 Pelican Avenue. Ex. Com. 16th Ward— O. A. Trezevant 323 Short Street. 17th Ward— Fred. Deibel 337 St. Charles Street. Ouachita — TJriah Millsaps West Monroe. Plaquemine — Dr. Jno. N. Thomas. .. .Quarantine Station. Pointe Coupee — J. A. Dayries Pointe Coupee. Ex. Com. Rapides— H. H. White Alexandria. Red River— J. T. S. Thomas Loves Lake. Richland— W. N. Traylor Rayville. Sabine— W. C. Davis Pleasant Hill. St. Bernard- E. E. Nunez St. Bernard. St. Charles — A. Madere Hahnville. St. Helena — J. M. Odom Grangeville. St. James — Louis LeBourgeois Convent. St. John — ^Paul Berthelot Lucy. St. Landry — E. B. Dubuisson Opelousas. St. Martin — A. F. Domengeaux Breaux Bridge. St. Mary— Thos. J. SchafFer Franklin. St. Tammany— E. F. Perrilloux Slidell. Tangipahoa — Clay Elliott Amite City. Tensas — G. C. Goldman Goldman. Terrebonne — Harry Cage Houma. Union — R. B. Dawkins Farmerville. Vermilion — Arlvien Xnnez Bancker. Vernon — Jas. A. Monk iTcesville. Washington — T. E. Bennett Warner. Webster — R. C. Drew Minden. West Baton Rouge — Gaudens Cazes . . . Port Allen. West Carroll- W. S. B. Mitchner Floyd. Ex. Com. West Feliciana — S. McC. Lawrason. . .St. Francisville. Winn— J. T. Wallace Winnfield. ♦Deceased. Total Membership — 111. E. B. Kruttschnitt, Chairman Hennen Building Robt. S. Landry, Secretary 204 Carondelet Street HUCH C. Cage, Chairman Executive Committee. . 204 Carondelet Street. H. B. McMurray, Sec'y Ex. Commitee 912 Constantinople St, 528 POLITICAL. DEMOCRATIC PARTY— CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT COMMIT- TEES. First Congressional District. Hon. Martin Behrman^ Chairman Algiers. Henry P. Ducastaing, Secretary 5th Ward, Orleans. A. L. Lanauze, Assistant Secretary 5th Ward, Orleans. Orleans, Third Ward— Clark Steen, Ed J. Flynn. Fourth Ward — Rudolph J. Goebel, Sidney Harper. Fifth Ward— Alex Pujol, J. L. Rock. Sixth Ward — John Brewster, A. L. Lanauze. Seventh Ward — Ben. P. Tiller, Jos. E. Generelly. Eighth Ward— Wm. McCue, R. W. Riordan. Ninth Ward — Ferd. Dudenheffer, H. H. Minor. Fifteenth Ward — Martin Behrman, T. J. Mooney, H. T. Umbach. Plaquemine Parish — Simon Leopold, Frank C. Mevers. St. Bernard Parish — E. E. Nunez, Albert Estopinal, Jr. Second Congressional District. E. A. Brandao, Chairman Orleans, 13th Ward. CoL. W. K. Horn, Secretary Orleans, 2d Ward. Orleans, First Ward — *Hon. Mike Fanning, Hon. C. Taylor Gauche. Second Ward— Charles H. Schenck, E. S. Whitaker. Tenth Ward — Robert Ewing, Peter Farrell. Eleventh Ward — James Malloy, L. O'Donnell. Twelfth Ward— H. B. McMurray, D. M. Kilpatrick. Thirteenth Ward — E. A. Brandao, John T. Michel, C. E. Murray. Fourteenth Ward — H. C. Cage, M. W. Newman. Sixteenth Ward — Edward Harper, O. A. Trezevant. Seventeenth Ward — J. Vic Leclerc, Henry Pohlman. Jefferson Parish — L. H. Marrero, Amesville. St. Charles Parish — A. Madere, Haimville. St. John Parish— Wm. Hart, Edgard; Paul Berthelot, Lucy P. O.; J. L. Gaudet, Edgard. St. James Parish — P. M. Lambremont, Convent. Third Congressional District. P. A. Sompayrac, Chairman Lake Charles, Calcasieu. Ed. G. Voorhies, Secretary Lafayette. Ascension Parish — Vic Maurin, R. N. Simms, Jr., Donaldsonville. Assumption Parish — E. P. Munson, Napoleonville; Clay Dugaa, Paincourtville. Calcasieu Parish — W. E. Steidley, Lake Charles; Dr. J. H. Cooper, Welsh. POLITICAL. 529 Cameron Parish — E. Sturlese, Grand Chenier; P. E. Smith, Cameron. Iberia Parish — J. A. Provost, Jeanerette, A. N. Muller, Geo. M. Robertson, New Iberia. Iberville Parish — A. K. Grace, Plaquemine; W. J. Gahan, White Castle; A. A. Browne, Plaquemine. Lafayette Parish — A. M. Martin, Lafayette; Aurelien Olivier, Broua- eard. Lafourche Parish — L. P. CaiUouet, Thibodaux; W. H. Price, Thibo- daux. St. Martin Parish — T. J. Labbe, St. Martinville; A. Domingeaux, Breaux Bridge; A. V. Eournet, St. MartinviUe. Terrebonne Parish — John D. Shaffer, Ellend/ale; Alfred Daspit, Daspit ; Ed McCulloni, Houma. St. Mary Parish — J. Y. Sanders, Franklin. Vermilion Parish — Adrien Nunez, Abbeville. Fourth Congressional District. D. T. Stafford, Chairman Alexandria. Leon R. Smith, Secretary Shreveport Caddo — J. A. Thigpen, Shreveport. Bossier — E. S. Dortch, Taylortown. Bienville — J. H. Boone, Arcadia. Webster — J. H. Thompkins, Minden. Winn— J. T. Wallace, Winnfield. Grant Rapides — E. G. Himter, Alexandria. DeSoto — A. F. Jackson, Mansfield. Red River — L. R. Collins, Coushatta. Natchitoches — G. L. Trichel, Natchitoches. Members at Large. D. T. Stafford, Rapides, Alexandria. Leon R. Smith, Caddo, Shreveport. J. N. Sandlin, Minden. Fifth Congressional District Committee. Catahoula — J. W. Walters, Harrisonburg. Caldwell — N. M. Davis, Columbia. Claiborne — J. C. Madden, Homer. Concordia — J. S. Boatner, Vidalia. East Carroll — E. J. Hamley, Lake Providence. Franklin— T. B. Gilbert, Sr., Gilbert. Jackson — W. H. Allen, Vernon. Lincoln — E. M. Graham, Ruston, *Dece»sea. 530 POUTIOAL. Madison — C. H. Lucas, Tallulah. Morehouse — A. H. Davenport, Mer Rouge. Ouachita — C. H. Trousdale, Monroe. Richland— J. H. Guill, Alto. Union — J. M. Smith, Farmerville. Tensas — Hugh TuUis, St. Joseph. West Carroll— W. S. B. Mitchener, Floyd. Sixth Congressional District. Hon. Milton L, Strickland, Chairman Greensburg Hon. James H. Murphy, Secretary Covington Arcadia Parish — P. S. Pugh, Crowley. Avoyelles Parish — W. D. Haas, Bunkie. East Baton Rouge Parish — N. S. Dougherty, Baton Rouge. West Baton Rouge Parish — Thos. G. Gwin, Port Allen. East Feliciana Parish — W. R. Perkins, Norwood. Livingston Parish — F. W. Miscar, Denham Springs. St. Helena Parish — E. B. Watson, Greensburg. St. Landry Parish — E. B. Dubuisson, Opelousas. St. Tammany Parish — Geo. H. Gause, Covington. Tangipahoa Parish — Bolivar Edwards, Amite City. Pointe Coupee Parish , . Washington Parish — Gordon W. Goodbee, Franklinton. At Large — M. L. Strickland, H. E, Estorge, J. C. Johnson, L. B. Claiborne, J. S. Settoon, M. P. Robertson. POLITIOAL. 531 REPUBLICAN PARTY. Platform Adopted at Philadelphia, Pa., June 20, 1900. The Republicans of the TJnited States, through their chosen Repre- sentatives, met in National Convention, looking back upon an unsur- passed record of achievement and looking forward into a great field of duty and opportunity and appealing to the judgment of their country- men, make these declarations: The expectation in which the American people, turning from the Democratic Party, intrusted power four years ago to a Republican chief magistrate and a Republican Congress, has been met and satisfied. When the people then assembled at the polls, after a term of Democratic legisla- tion and administration, business was dead, industry was paralyzed and the national credit disastrously impaired. The country's capital was hidden away and its labor distressed and unemployed. The Democrats had no other plan with which to improve the ruinous conditions which they had themselves produced than to coin silver at the ratio of 16 to 1. The Republican Party, denouncing this plan as sure to produce conditions even worse than those from which relief was sought, promised to restore prosperity by means of two legislative measures — a protective tariff and a law making gold the standard of value. The people, by great majorities issued to the Republican Party a commission to enact these laws. This commission has been executed, and the Republican promise is redeemed. Prosperity more general and more abundant than we have ever known has followed these enactments. There is no longer controversy as to the value of any government obligations. Every American dollar is a gold dollar or its assured equivalent, and the American credit stands higher than that of any nation. Capital is fully employed and everywhere labor is profitably occupied. The War and Its Results. No single fact can more strikingly tell the story of what Republican government means to the country than this — ^that while during the whole I)eriod of 107 years, from 1790 to 1897. there was an excess of exports over imports of only $383,028,497, there has been in the short three years of the present Republican administration an excess of exports over imports in the enormous sum of $1,483,537,094. And, while the American people, sustained by this Republican legis- lation, have been achieving these splendid triumphs in their business and commerce, they have conducted and in victory concluded a war for liberty and human rights. 532 POLITIOAL. No thougiits of national aggrandizement tarnish the high purpose with which American standards were unfurled. It was a war unsought and patiently resisted, but when it came the American government waa ready. Its fleets were cleared for action. Its armies were in the field, and the quick and signal triumph of its forces on land and sea bore equal tribute to the courage of American soldiers and sailors and to the skill and foresight of Republican statesmanship. To 10,000,000 of the human race there was given "a new birth of freedom," and to the American people a new and noble responsibility. Indorsement of the President. We indorse the administration of William McKinley. Its acts have been established in wisdom and in patriotism, and at home and abroad it has distinctly elevated and extended the influence of the American nation. Walking untried paths and facing unforeseen responsibilities, President McKinley has been in every situation the true American patriot and the upright statesman, clear in vision, strong in judgment, firm in action, always inspiring and deserving the confidence of his countrymen. Democratic Rule. In asking the American people to indorse this Republican record and to renew their commission to the Republican Party, we remind them of the fact that the menace to their prosperity has always resided in Democratic principles, and no less in the general incapacity of the Demo- cratic Party to conduct public affairs. The prime essential of business prosperity is public confidence in the good sense of the government and in its ability to deal intelligently with each new problem of administration and legislation. That confidence the Democratic Party has never earned. It is hopelessly inadequate, and the country's prosperity, when Democratic success at the polls is an- nounced, halts and ceases in mere anticipation of Democratic blunders and failures. The Gold Standard. We renew allegiance to the principle of the gold standard and declare our confidence in the wisdom of the legislation of the Fifty-sixth Con- gress, by which the parity of all our money and the stability of our cur- rency on a gold basis has been secured. We recognize that interest rates are a potent factor in production and business activity, and for the purpose of further equalizing and of further lowering the rates of interest, we favor such monetary legislation as will enable the varying needs of the season and of all sections to be promptly met in order that trade may be evenly sustained, labor steadily employed and commerce enlarged. The volume of money in circulation was never so great per capita as it is to-day. We declare our steadfast opposition to the free and unlimited coin- POLITICAL. 533 age of silver. No measure to that end could be considered which was without the support of the leading commercial countries of the world. However firmly Republican legislation may seem to have secured the country against the peril of base and discredited currency, the elec- tion of a Democratic president could not fail to impair the country's credit and to bring once more into question the intention of the Ameri- can people to maintain upon the gold standard the parity of their money circulation. The Democratic party must be convinced that the American people will never tolerate the Chicago platform. Trusts and Monopolies. We recognize the necessity and propriety of the honest co-operation of capital to meet new business conditions, and especially to extend our rapidly increasing foreign trade, but we condemn all conspiracies and combinations intended to restrict business, to create monopolies, to limit production or to control prices, and favor such legislation as will effec- tually restrain and prevent all such abuses, protect and promote competi- tion, and secure the rights of producers, laborers and all who are engaged in industry and commerce. The Tariff and Protection. We renew our faith in the policy of protection to American labor. In that policy our industries have been established, diversified and main- tained. By protecting the home market the competition has been stimu- lated and production cheapened. Opportunity to the inventive genius of our people has been secured and wages in every department of labor maintained at high rates, higher now than ever before, always distinguish- ing our working people in their better conditions of life from those of any competing country. Enjoying the blessings of American common schools, secure in the right of self-government and protected in the occupancy of their own markets, their constantly increasing knowledge and skill have enabled them finally to enter the markets of the world. We favor the associated policy of reciprocity, so directed as to op'^n our markets on favorable terms for what we do not ourselves produce in ■Return for free foreign markets. Restriction of Immigration. In the further interest of American workmen, we favor a more effec- tive restriction of the immigration of cheap labor from foreign lands, the extension of opportunities of education for working children, the raising of the age limit for child labor, the protection of free labor as against contract convict labor, and an effective system of labor insurance. Our Carrying Trade. Our present dependence upon foreign shipping for nine-tenths of our foreign carrying is a great loss to the industry of this country. It is also a serious danger to our trade, for its sudden withdrawal in the event 534 POLITICAL. of European war would seriously cripple our expanding foreign commerce. The national defense and naval efficiency of this country, moreover, sup- ply a compelling reason for legislation which will enable us to recover our former place among the trade-carrying fleets of the world. Soldiers' Pension. The nation owes a debt of profound gratitude to the soldiers and sailors who have fought its battles, and it is the government's duty to provide for the survivors and for the widows and orphans of those who have fallen in the country's wars. The pension laws, founded in this just sentiment, should be liberal and should be liberally administered, and preference should be given wherever practicable with respect to employ- ment in the public service to soldiers and sailors and to their widows and orphans. Civil Service Eeform. We commend the policy of the Republican Party in maintaining the efficiency of the civil service. The administration has acted wisely in its effort to secure for public service in Cuba, Porto Rico, Hawaii and the Philippine Islands only those whose fitness has been determined by training and experience. We believe that employment in the public service in these territories should be confined as far as practicable to their inhabitants. The Colored Voter. It was the plain purpose of the Fifteenth Amendment to the Consti- tution to prevent discrimination on account of race or color in regulating the elective franchise. Devices of State governments, whether by statu- tory or Constitutional enactment, to avoid the purpose of this amend- ment, are revolutionary and should be condemned. Roads and Rural Mail Delivery. Public movements looking to a permanent improvement of the roads and highways of the country meet with our cordial approval, and we recommend this subject to the earnest consideration of the people and of the legislatures of the several States. We favor the extension of the rural free delivery service wherever its extension may be justified. In further pursuance of the constant policy of the Republican Party •to provide free homes on the public domain, we recommend adequate national legislation to reclaim the arid lands of the United States, reserv- ing control of the distribution of water for irrigation to the respective States and Territories. Admission of Territories. We favor home rule for and the early admission to Statehood of the Territories of New Mexico, Arizona and Oklahoma. POLITICAL. 535 War Taxes. The Dingley Act, amended to provide sufficient revenue for the con- duct of the war has so well performed its work that it has been possible to reduce the war debt in the sura of $40,000,000. So ample are the gov- ernment's revenues and so great is the public confidence in the integrity of its obligations that its newly funded 2 per cent, bonds sell at a premium. The country is now justified in expecting, and it will be the policy of the Republican Party to bring about, a reduction of the war taxes. The Nicaragua Canal. We favor the construction, ownership control and protection of an isthmian canal by the government of the United States. New Foreign Markets. New markets are necessary for the increasing surplus of our farm products. Every effort should be made to open and obtain new markets, especially in the Orient, and the administration is warmly to be com- mended for its successful effort to commit all trading and colonizing nations to the policy of the open door in China. In the interest of our expanding commerce, we recommend that Con- gress create a department of commerce and industries in the charge of a secretary with a seat in the cabinet. The United States consular system should be reorganized under the supervision of this new department upon such a basis of appointment and tenure as will render it still more service- able to the nation's increasing trade. The American government must protect the person and property of every citizen wherever they are wrongfully violated or placed in peril. The American Women. We congratulate the women of America upon their splendid record of public service in the Volunteer Aid Association, and as nurses in camp and hospital during the recent campaigns of our armies in the Eastern and Western Indies, and we appreciate their faithful co-operation in all works of education and industry. Cession of Samoa, President McKinley has conducted the foreign affairs of the United States with distinguished credit to the American people. In releasing U9 from the vexatious conditions of a European alliance for the government of Samoa his course is especially to be commended. By securing to our undivided control the most important island of the Samoan group and the best harbor in the Southern Pacific every American interest has been safeguarded. We approve the annexation of the Hawaiian Islands to the United States. 536 political. Sympathy for the Boers. We commend the part taken by oiir government in the Peace Con- ference at The Hague. We assert our steadfast adherence to the policy announced in the Monroe doctrine. The provisions of The Hague Convention were wisely regarded when President McKinley tendered his friendly offices in the interest of peace between Great Britain and the South African Republics. While the American government must continue the policy prescribed by Washing- ton, affirmed by every succeeding president and imposed upon us by The Hague treaty, of non-intereference in European controversies, the Ameri- can people earnestly hope that a way may soon be found, honorable alike to both contending parties, to terminate the strife between them. Cuba and the Philippines. In accepting, by the treaty of Paris, the just responsibility of our victories in the Spanisii war, the President and Senate won the undoubted approval of the American people. No other course was possible than to destroy Spain's sovereignty throughout the West Indies and in the Phil- ippine Islands. That course created our responsibility before the world and with the unorganized population whom our intervention had freed from Spain to provide for the maintenance of law and order and for the establishment of good government and for the performance of interna- tional obligations. Our authority could not be less than our responsibility, and wherever sovereign rights were extended it became the high duty of the government to maintain its authority, to put down armed insurrection and to confer the blessings of liberty and civilization upon all the rescued peoples. The largest measure of self-government consistent with their welfare and our duties shall be secured to them by law. To Cuba independence and self-government were assured in the same voice by which war was declared, and to the letter this pledge shall be performed. The Republican Party, upon its history and upon this declaration of its principles and policies, confidently invokes the considerate and approv- ing judgment of the American people. REPUBLICAN NATIONAL COMMITTEE— 1900-1904. (Headquarters, Chicago and New York.) M. A. Hanna, Chairman Ohio. Perry S. Heath, Secretary Indiana. Cornelius N. Bliss, Treasurer New York. VoLNEY W. Foster, Asst. Treasurer Illinois. EnwiN F. Brown, Subtreasurer Illinois. Geo. N. Wiswell, Sergeant-at-Arms Wia. POLITICAL. 537 STATE. MEMBER. ADDRESS. Alabama J. W. Demmick Montgomery. Alaska John G. Held Juneau. Arizona W. M. GriiStli Tucson. Arkansas Powell Clayton Eureka Springs. California W. C. Van Fleet San Francisco. Colorado E. O. Wolcott Denver. Connecticut Chas. F. Brooker Ansonia. Delaware J. E. Addicks ... .Wilming-ton. District of Columbia. . M. M. Parker Washington. Florida John G. Long St. Augustine. Georgia J. W. Lyons Augusta. Hawaii H. M. Sewell Honolulu. Idaho G. L. Shoup Salmon City. Hlinois Graeme Stewart Chicago. Indiana Harry S. New Indianapolis. Indian Territoiy W. M. Mellette Vinita. Iowa Ernest E. Hart Council Bluffs. Kansas D. W. Mulvane Topeka. Kentucky John W. Yerkes Danville. Louisiana Lewis S. Clark Patterson. Maine J. LI Manley Augusta. Maryland L. E. McCoraas Plagerstown. Massachusetts Geo. V. L. Meyer Boston. Michigan Wm. H. Elliot Detroit. Minnesota T. LI. Shevlin IMinneapolis. Mississippi H. C. Turley Natchez. Missouri R. C. Kerens St. Louis. Montana W. H. De Witt Butte. Nebraska R. B. Schneider Ereraont. Nevada P. L. Flanigan Reno. New Hampshire Chas. T. Means Manchester. New Jersey F. T. Murphy Newark. ^ New Mexico Solomon Luna Los Lunas. New York Fred. S. Gibbs New York. North Carolina J. C. Pritchard Marshall. North Dakota Axel. McKenzie Bismarck. Ohio ]\r. T. Herrick Cleveland. Oklahoma William Grimes Kingfisher. Oregon Geo. A. Steel Portland. Pennsylvania M. S. Quay Beaver. Rhode Island C. R. Brayton Providence. South Carolina E. A. Webster •. ... .Orangeburg. South Dakota J. M. Greene Chamberlain. Tennessee W. P. Brownlow Jonesboro. Texas .■ R. B. Hawley Galveston. Utah O. J. Salisbury Salt Lake City. Vermont J. W. Brock Montpelier. Virginia G. E. Bowden Norfolk. West Virginia N. B. Scott Wheeling. Washington G. H. Baker Goldendale. Wisconsin Henry C. Payne Milwaukee. Wyoming W. Vandevanter Cheyenne. :7 538 POLITICAL. CHAIRMEN REPUBLICAN STATE CENTRAL COMMITTEES. STATE. CHAIRMAN. ADDRESS. Alabama Wm. Vaughen ... .Birmingham. Arizona Chas. R. Drake Tucson. Arkansas H. L. Remmel Little Rock. California Geo. Stone San Francisco. Colorado A. B. Seaman Denver. Connecticut O. R. Flyer Torrington. Delaware J. Frank Alee .Dover. Florida Henry S. Chubb Gainesville. Georgia W. H. Johnson Atlanta. Idaho Frank A. Fenn Boise. Illinois F. II. Rowe Jacksonville. Indian Territory H. W. Darrough Vinita. Indiana Chas. S. Hemley Indianapolis. Iowa II. O. Weaver Des Moines. Kansas Alorton Albaugh Topeka. Kentucky Leslie Combs Louisville. Louisiana F. B. Williams New Orleans. Maine J. H. Manley Augusta. Maryland P. L. Goldsborough Baltimore. Massachusetts A. H. Goetting Boston. Michigan Gerrit J. Diekema Detroit. Minnesota W. C. Masterman St. Paul. Mississippi F. W. Collins Jackson. Missouri Thos. J. Akins St. Louis. Montana Jos. P. Woolman Helena. Nebraska H. C. Lindsay Omaha. Nevada R. K. Colcord Carson City. New Hampshire Jacob H. Gallinger Concord. New Jersey Franklin T. Murphy Newark. New Mexico John S. Clark Las Vegas. New York Bern'. B. Odell, Jr New York. North Carolina A. E. Holton Winston. North Dakota Wm. Budge Grand Forks. Ohio Chas. Dick Columbus. Oklahoma Wm. Grimes Guthrie. Oregon Geo. A. Steel Portland. Pennsylvania Frank Reeder Faston. Rhode Island Hunter C. White Providence. South Carolina B. R Tolbert, Jr Greenwood. South Dakota Frank Crane Sioux Falls. Tennessee A. M. Tillman Nashville. Texas F. H. R. Green TeiTell. TTtah F. H. Callister Sfilt Lake City. Vermont Tra R. Allen Fair Haven. Vir ►a >S^ VI o 2-a o •a u ■O t4 a ^ i5 xi ^H ^^ o^ o^ Parishes o a V. M 0-5 VI O VI o ^1 jz: u Ui Ui u u u h t^ o $ o i o ^-« .a J^ A •QA X3.C ■c.a ■o,q a s a 3 a a s i^ ii^ i^ f^ Z Z z z Z z Z z Ascension . . . . . . 2,472 2.426 46 740 1,282 575 238 165 1,494 Assumption . . . . 3,131 771 67 1,478 1,658 838 179 640 1,474 Avoyelles . . . . . . 3,809 3,221 88 1,679 1,630 1.164 155 515 1,475 Bienville . . . .. 1,410 1,403 7 908 502 871 28 37 474 ♦Bossier . . . . • > • ■ • • • • > Caddo .'.'. 5,478 5,160 318 1.476 3,Y82 1.655 276 91 3,458 Calcasieu . . . 1,674 1,619 52 1.374 300 951 21 423 279 Caldwell . . . . 952 947 5 512 440 475 45 37 395 Cameron . . . . 404 81 343 121 208 6 135 55 Catahoula . . . . . . 1.662 1.641 21 997 665 884 48 163 617 Claiborne . . . . . . 2,352 1,428 13 1,441 911 1,420 21 890 Concordia .... . .. 2,931 2,900 31 294 2.687 286 i87 8 2,450 DeSoto . . . . . . 1,502 31 1,034 468 967 22 67 446 E. Baton Rouge 3,199 3,006 193 1.203 1.996 1,076 380 127 1,516 East Carroll . . . . 1,984 1,953 31 179 1,805 175 210 4 1,774 East Feliciana 1,748 1,672 76 743 1.005 782 44 11 961 Franlvlin . . . . . 1,044 1,011 33 568 476 478 46 96 430 Grant . . 1,030 438 502 560 470 448 40 112 430 'beri^ . . . 2,956 1.302 89 1,891 1.565 988 197 408 1,86« Iberville . . 2,358 2,322 36 386 1,972 362 140 24 1,832 Jackson 502 499 3 345 157 829 6 16 151 Jefferson . . . . . . . 1,949 1.763 186 567 1,382 463 175 104 1,270 Lafourche . . . . . 3,137 3,046 127 1,824 1,349 982 138 842 1,211 Lafayette .... . . 1,930 1,873 57 1,120 510 672 44 448 766 Livingston . . . 947 913 34 791 156 628 18 163 138 Lincoln . . 1.643 1,636 7 1.089 554 926 42 163 512 Madison ... . 2,557 2.553 24 288 2,339 288 288 2,051 Morehouse . . . . 1,983 1.953 30 646 1,387 588 42 68 1,295 Natchitoches . . . 3,793 3.680 113 1,880 1,963 1,212 242 618 1.721 Orleans — • 1st Ward . . . . 2,523 1.867 656 1.984 589 1,786 150 248 389 lind Ward . . . . 2,955 2.145 810 2.916 786 1,940 185 229 601 3rd Ward . . . 5,429 4.003 1,426 3,781 1,648 8,271 436 510 1,648 4th Ward . . 2 272 1,711 561 1,657 615 1,573 284 84 381 5th Ward . . '. '. 3;323 2,453 870 2,338 985 2,105 459 233 526 6th Ward . . . . 2,026 1,624 402 1,488 548 1,300 256 183 287 7th Ward . . . . 3,519 2,894 625 1.997 1,522 1,824 674 173 848 8th Ward . . . . 1,814 1,161 658 1,498 316 1,304 106 194 210 9th Ward . . . . 2.451 1,582 869 1,873 578 1,680 98 193 480 10th Ward . 2,874 1,996 878 2.236 638 2,064 206 172 432 11th Ward . . . 2,886 2.083 797 2.128 752 1,997 284 131 518 12th Ward . . . 1,359 1,078 281 1.066 293 1,007 55 59 238 13th Ward . 967 885 82 550 417 494 115 56 302 14th Ward . 519 396 123 280 239 255 49 25 190 15th Ward . . . 1,950 1.584 366 932 1,018 797 169 135 849 16th Ward . 627 521 106 214 413 196 115 18 298 17th Ward . 667 949 173 874 293 839 66 35 227 Ouachita . . . . .. 3,012 2,919 93 898 2,119 805 179 88 1,940 Plaquemines . . . . 2,285 780 130 860 1.425 784 202 126 1,223 Pointe Coupee . . 2.770 2,699 71 816 1,954 701 307 115 1,647 ♦ The Parish of Bossier has sent no returns. POLITICAL. 547 STATEMENT OF REGISTERED VOTERS OF THE STATE OF LOUISIANA FOR THE YEAR 1878— Continued. According to the Returns made by the Assessors of the Several Parishes of tht State and the Registrar of Voters for the Parish of Orleans. •a 2 01 2« ;/. ./ S r^ U4 II ^S o a at «b. 3> c > >S >z >S o M >- - > 0) 4-) -a t< °fe c ~ 3 o p:^ fe:^ P^ o^ Pabishbs. aj o r 3 o > a o o 0) U 0) ■4-' (J 4, Z t-t 1^ u t^ u U u u OJ 0) flj 0) t c 3; '* 0) o ii o , x: ,Q £i ■C1.S ^J3 ^.a ^J3 ad a s B a 3 a i^ 1^ i^ i^ H z Z Z Z z z z z Rapides 3,627 3,482 145 1,775 1,852 1,593 124 182 1,728 Red River 2,770 2,699 71 816 1,954 701 307 115 1,647 Richland 1,245 616 27 643 1,232 574 70 69 532 Sabine 1,047 1,037 10 829 218 634 15 195 203 St. Bernard .... 921 883 37 396 525 216 40 180 485 St. Charles .... 1,332 1,315 17 197 1,135 172 185 25 950 St. Helena 1,238 1.216 OO 641 597 577 197 64 500 St. James 2,444 2.417 27 570 1,874 440 101 130 1,773 St. John 1,885 1.855 30 618 1,267 487 142 131 1.125 St. Landry 6,965 6.914 51 3,681 3.284 2,114 227 1,567 3,059 St. Martin 2,303 2,267 36 1,099 1.204 693 84 406 1,120 St. Mary 2,960 2,850 110 786 2,174 667 293 109 1,891 St. Tammany . . 1,176 1.081 95 682 494 533 30 149 364 Tangipahoa . . . 1,456 1,384 72 932 524 797 62 134 463 Tensas 3,249 3.209 40 318 2,931 310 467 8 2,464 Terrebonne . . . . 3,138 3,042 96 1.361 1,777 762 184 599 1,593 Union 2,201 2,175 26 1.483 718 1.288 55 195 663 Vermilion 1,241 1.206 35 968 273 492 23 476 250 Vernon 723 719 4 668 55 503 165 55 Washington . . . 779 777 2 587 192 415 '27 172 165 Webster 1,631 1,580 51 760 871 723 26 37 845 W. Baton Rouge. . 975 949 26 353 622 302 76 51 546 West Carroll . . . 604 599 5 335 269 270 29 65 240 West Feliciana . . 1.980 1,937 43 440 1,540 4:^2 113 18 1,427 Winn Total 892 155,103 887 5 12.276 771 121 595 11 176 110 133.563 77.341 78.123 62,883 10,390 13,926 68,700 !• 548 POLITICAL. OFFICIAL STATEMENT OF THE REGISTERED VOTERS OF STATE OF LOUISIANA FOR THE YEAR 1880. THl 1 J; o at u 1 ta 'A 0) II O «8 l\ ?a m IS VI o o O > >a >a %^ a o [0 25 > o o OJ3 •Si 1% o >-• 0,' ja s ^H b^ oH 1>^ Pahishbs. a o a is o o Vt o 4) a 0«) 1 h bl b t.1 u t.1 u u Z z z z Z z z Z Ascension 3,398 3,312 86 1,048 2,350 824 224 340 2,001 Assumption . . . . 4,410 4,301 109 2,078 2,332 1,042 1,036 273 2,050 Avoyelles 3,853 3,753 100 1,987 1,866 1,351 636 227 1,639 lUenvlUe 1,669 1,659 10 1,075 595 1,008 66 29 566 Bossier 3,000 2,950 50 800 2,200 775 25 200 2,904 Caddo 5,953 5,616 337 2,070 3,833 1,937 133 292 3,591 Calcasieu 2,173 2,074 99 1,800 373 1,197 603 28 345 Caldwell 1,081 1,073 6 574 507 496 78 100 407 Cameron 406 376 30 345 61 215 130 9 52 Catahoula 1,972 1,957 15 1,254 718 1,224 30 18 700 Claiborne 3,157 3,138 19 1,877 1,280 1,725 152 92 1.188 Concordia 3,046 3,623 23 359 2,687 352 7 271 2,416 DeSoto 1,829 1,801 28 1,148 681 1,076 72 26 655 E. Baton Rouge 4,121 3.913 211 1,674 2,450 1,503 171 372 2,078 East Carroll . . . 2,716 2,685 31 251 2,465 247 4 165 2,300 East Feliciana . 2,385 2,278 707 1,028 1,327 943 105 109 1,208 Franklin 1,110 565 28 593 517 528 66 20 497 Grant 857 748 9 464 384 408 65 60 324 Iberia 3,444 3,337 107 1,042 1,802 1,140 502 231 1,671 Iberville 3,860 3,788 72 833 3,027 757 76 202 2,825 Jackson 747 741 6 501 246 483 18 29 247 Jefferson 2,607 2,333 274 887 1,720 732 155 208 1.672 Lafourche 4,473 4,343 130 2,423 2,050 1,386 1,037 229 1,821 Lafayette 2,347 2,271 76 1,407 940 774 733 51 889 Livingston ... . 1,047 1,009 38 860 187 671 789 19 168 Lincoln 1,904 1,904 5 1,772 632 1,056 216 45 587 Madison 2,849 2,812 37 321 2,528 319 2 397 2,131 Morehouse ... . 2,118 2,094 24 699 1,419 665 68 24 1,351 Natchitoches . . 4.313 4,209 104 1.992 2,312 1.286 706 266 2,055 Orleans — 1st Ward . . . 1.921 1,428 500 1,487 441 1,378 109 166 270 2nd Ward . . . 2,602 1,873 729 2,085 517 1,912 173 173 844 3rd Ward . . . 4,071 2.952 1,119 2.919 1,152 2,697 222 453 690 4th Ward . . . 1,529 1.140 389 1.151 378 1,119 32 197 187 5th Ward . . . 2.279 1,740 539 1,705 574 1,605 100 297 277 6th Ward . . . 1.465 1,189 276 1.132 332 1,160 72 191 142 7th Ward . . . 2,353 1,979 374 1,504 849 1,416 88 422 427 8th Ward . . . . 1,472 966 506 1,262 210 1,147 115 71 139 9th Ward . . . 2,222 1,469 753 1,797 425 1,621 176 99 326 10th Ward . . . 2,675 1,847 128 2,246 429 2,117 120 207 277 11th Ward . . . 2,042 1,936 706 2,077 565 1,960 117 . 358, 12th Ward . . . 1,138 861 277 866 272 828 38 85 187 13th Ward . . . 843 684 159 526 317 488 38 86 23]J 14th Ward . . . 369 270 99 217 152 196 21 46 iqfl 15th Ward . . . 1,758 1,445 313 842 916 753 89 219 6M| Ifith Ward . . . 566 491 75 182 384 167 15 107 17th Ward . . . 561 415 146 329 232 310 19 56 itI] Ouachita . 3,026 2.934 92 935 2,091 836 836 203 l,88|l Plaquemines . . 2,834 2.283 601 1,4.50 1,383 966 485 325 l,05l Pointe Coupee. . 2,964 2.890 74 875 2,087 760 115 336 1,75P Rapides 4,326 2,356 1,970 2,099 2,227 1,784 315 117 2,110 Red River 947 934 13 402 545 372 30 77 408 Richland 1,572 1,544 22 732 840 660 72 100 740 Sabine . 1.196 1,179 17 929 267 704 225 16 251 St. Bernard . . . . 1.479 1,423 56 696 783 376 320 89 6941 I'ULlXltAL. 549 OFFICIAL STATEMEXT OF THE REGISTERED VOTERS OF THE STATE OF LOUISIAXA FOR THE YEAR 1880— Continued. c t o 50 So 0) ■4-> c« fa 03 ^ t^ II ^S m z 1-1 o ^ >s >s o > 'C iS C" •— — >tn b^ -z^ o^ Parishes. Jj^ o± >~ >■ o (D Kj o'>i 48 776 1.493 607 169 208 1,285 St. Landry .... 8.095 7;8S6 109 4,321 3,774 2,563 1,758 258 3,516 St. Martin .... 2,578 2,532 45 1,250 1,328 780 460 123 1,205 St. Mary 4.511 4.277 214 1,168 3,343 1,030 138 446 2,897 St. Tammany .- . 1,373 1,253 120 815 558 613 202 138 420 Tangipahoa . . . . 1.995 1,910 85 1,291 704 1.094 197 80 704 Tensas 2,689 3,643 46 403 3,286 398 5 525 2,761 Terrebonne .... 4,135 4,017 118 1.866 2,269 991 955 173 2,096 Union 2,363 2,341 22 1,562 801 1,334 228 72 729 Vermilion 1,552 1,506 46 1.240 312 572 668 36 276 Vernon 885 881 4 830 55 627 203 . . . 55 Washington . . . . 871 867 4 638 253 446 192 38 195 Webster 1,814 1,771 43 963 85] 943 20 15 236 West Baton Rouge 1,347 1,266 81 533 814 485 48 135 679 West Carroll .... 688 680 8 348 340 280 68 36 .304 West Feliciana . . 2,192 2,152 40 486 1,706 478 8 107 1,599 Winn 1,039 1,031 158,485 8 900 39 690 210 17 122 Totals 172,005 13,276 85,451 88,024 69,006 16,913 11,403 76,087 550 POLITICAL. STATEMENT OF REGISTERED VOTERS OF THE STATE OF LOUIS- IANA FOR THE YEAR 1886. > ^4 o CO S 2i "5 S"5 3^ ■w fo ■fi -*Z c rt o| ^ o > >S >l >% Pi St > 4-1 1 4= -a a- .J: ■a ■~, " 4) 25 Oca !a ■;= >r^ f^^ oH o^ Parishes. U+J o.h >^ >■ ," i) a; rjs: — si -M o a 3 a 3 3 ^ 1^ 5" %^ |is EH 2; z Z Z '^, z Z Z Ascension .... . . 4.542 4.414 128 1,574 2,968 1.191 383 499 2,465 Assumption . . . . . 4,615 4,505 100 1,979 2,636 1.010 969 360 2.276 Avoyelies .... . . 5,007 4,866 141 2.597 2,410 1,861 736 567 1,843 Bienviiie . . 2.247 2.233 14 1,428 819 1.345 83 71 748 Bossier . . 3.S22 3.722 100 1,218 2.604 1,175 43 254 2,360 Caddo . . 5.810 5,462 348 1.988 3.822 1,897 91 286 3,536 Calcasieu . . . . . 3,009 3.741 168 3,392 517 3,036 356 269 248 Caldwell ... . .. 1,113 1.110 3 591 522 561 30 90 432 Cameron 454 431 23 393 61 196 197 6 55 Catahoula .... . . 2,500 2.475 25 1.500 1.000 955 545 123 877 Claiborne .... . . 4.104 4.1 82 12 2,174 2.020 2.1.39 35 83 1,937 Concordia . . . . . 3.700 3.646 54 509 3,191 504 5 232 2,959 De Soto . . . . . . 1.062 1,944 18 844 1,118 892 42 47 1,071 East Baton Roi ige 5.600 5..398 202 2,220 3,470 1,987 233 591 2,879 East Carroll . . . 2.683 2.640 43 234 2.449 234 403 2,040 East Feliciana . . 2.706 2.677 119 1.020 1,776 989 'si 133 1,643 Franklin .... . . 1,0(»5 996 440 565 425 15 37 528 Grant . . 1,288 1.274 14 712 576 586 126 71 505 Iberia 5,588 5.29(> 29" 2.607 2,981 1,805 1,063 1,.3'02 533 2,448 Iberville .... . . 5,206 5.101 165 1.272 3.994 209 358 3,636 Jackson .... .. 1.117 1.114 3 710 407 641 69 46 361 Jefferson . . 3,528 3,172 356 1.178 2,350 928 250 397 1,953 Lafayette . . . . . 2,004 2,242 752 1.836 1.158 1,020 816 340 818 Lafourche . . . . . 5.337 5,201 136 3.071 2.266 1,519 1.552 370 1,895 Lincoln . . 2.410 2.400 10 1.514 896 1,280 234 86 810 Livingston . . . . 1.104 1.161 33 1.033 161 771 262 26 135 Madison . . . . . . 3.333 3.300 33 263 3,070 253 10 423 2,647 Morehouse . . . . 3,400 3.384 25 1.032 2,377 1,020 12 40 2,337 Natchitoches . . . 4.841 4,740 101 2,163 2,678 1,340 823 418 2,260 Orleans — First Ward 3.078 2.458 620 2.488 590 2,293 195 246 344 Second Ward . . 4.221 3.253 968 3.395 826 3,129 266 268 558 Third Ward 5.60O 4.320 1.280 4.081 1.519 3,828 253 651 868 Fourth Ward 2.708 2.130 569 2.100 599 2,019 90 310 289 Fifth Ward 4.157 2.031 1.226 3,412 745 3.044 .368 400 345 Sixth Ward . . 2.255 1.704 551 1,823 432 1.505 . 318 244 188 Seventh Ward . 4.01.3 3.330 683 2,904 1,109 2,687 217 553 556 Eighth Ward . . 2.441 1.752 689 2.168 273 1,960 208 110 163 Ninth Ward. .. 2.018 2.005 913 2.397 521 2,151 246 147 374 Tenth Ward 4,240 3.149 1.001 3,5.30 710 3,277 253 323 387 Eleventh Wa •d. 4.007 3.320 777 3.184 913 3,015 169 431 482 Twelfth War d.. 1.962 1.566 396 1,536 426 1,465 71 176 250 l.Sth Ward . . . 1,345 1.090 2.55 908 437 8.34 74 167 270 14th Ward . 762 580 182 525 237 460 61 94 143 l.'ith Ward . . . 2,497 2.036 461 1.405 1,092 1.285 120 298 794 Ifith Ward . 707 675 92 275 492 260 15 174 318 17th Ward . 721 558 163 449 272 404 45 82 190 Ouachita . . 2.848 2,702 56 998 1,850 921 77 271 1,579 Plaquemines . . . . 2.5.30 1.848 682 1.062 1,468 721 341 328 1,140 Pointe Coupee . . 3.406 3.231 175 905 2,501 807 98 246 2.255 Rapides ... . . 5.2S3 3.299 1.984 2.508 2.775 2.148 360 164 2,611 Red River . . . .. 1.236 1.216 20 504 732 435 69 94 638 Richland . . . . 1.591 1.572 19 559 1.032 492 67 165 867 Sabine . . . . . . 1,492 1.479 13 1.165 327 914 251 16 311 St. Bernard . . . . 1.723 1,647 76 649 1.074 341 308 397 677 St. Charles . . . . 1.817 1,802 15 221 1.599 193 28 341 1.255 POLITICAL. 551 STATEMENT OF EEGISTERED VOTERS OF THE STATE OF LOUIS- IANA FOR THE YEAR 1886— Continued. o CO 2=2 2" CJ fa 0} CI ■^ S •tS u. s >S Parishes. 3 W 0-1 m o "-• V o 3 o m o £5 a > o _o o o oh ^^ ■*-> C '-' . is -a t, S2i t-, U u kl t^ u t^ 91 0) c o ■• ^ 0) o »- c 0) o ,_ Xi J3 ^ .o ■^jS ■OSZ ■~ .i^ — x; •3 o a 3 a s a SfS i^ E&: 1^ Eh 2; z A 2: z. i. Z Z St. Helena . 1,207 1.191 16 637 570 585 52 121 449 St. James . 4.103 3.978 125 1.194 2.909 1.017 177 262 2,647 St. John . 2.T21 2,710 11 911 1,810 778 133 119 1,691 St. Landrv . 10.831 10.488 343 6.024 4.807 3,390 2,634 411 4,396 St. Martin* . 3.609 3.339 60 1,471 1.928 . . St. Mary r. . 7.037 6.813 224 1,942 5,095 1.7.38 204 730 4,365 St. Tammany . . . . 1.257 1.190 67 796 461 673 123 194 207 Tangipahoa . . . . 2.200 2,189 80 1,428 841 1.197 231 105 736 Tensas . 4,183 4.123 60 489 3,694 484 5 572 3,122 Terrebonne . . . . . 4,424 4,326 98 1,981 2,443 897 1,084 359 2,084 Union . 3,084 3,061 23 1,992 1,092 1.782 210 80 1,012 Vermilion . 1,729 1,702 27 1,363 366 603 760 84 282 Vernon . 1,030 1,026 4 964 66 712 252 66 Washington . . 919 917 o 672 247 477 195 47 200 Webster . 2,015 1,984 sI 932 1,083 902 30 60 1,023 W. Baton Rouge. . 1.569 1,526 43 493 1,076 439 54 287 759 West Carroll . . . 613 605 8 283 330 216 67 70 260 West Feliciana . . 2,591 2,545 46 550 2,041 541 9 176 1,865 Winn 1,193 1,187 203,489 6 1,017 18,747- 111,791 176 800 89,856 217 20,464 38 16,570 138 Totals ■ .222.236 110,445 91,947 * First volume of record of Registered Voters, Parish of St. Martin, containing 2,558 names, was lost or stolen ; hence, cannot give the number of white and colored voters who write their names and who make their marks. STATE OP LOUISIANA, Office of the Secretary of State. I, the undersigned. Secretary of State of the State of Louisiana, do hereby certify that the above is a true and accurate statement of the Registered Voters of the State of Louisiana, according to the returns filed and deposited in this office by the Tax Assessors of the sereral parishes of this State and the Supervisor of Registration for the Parish of Orleans for the year 1886. Given under my signature and the seal of the State of Louisiana, at the City of Baton Rouge, this twenty-fourth day of January, A. D. 1887. (Seal) OSCAR ARROYO, Secretary of State. 552 POLITICAL. STATEMENT OF EEGISTERED VOTERS OF THE STATE OF LOUIS- IANA FOR THE YEAR 1888, UP TO APRIL 7, 1888. •a > o *2 2m ■A »j u 9 to J, ^ S at 4) %4 W fa VI o -4-> 01 o > 11 et -Sa a >'Z o £5 > 0) 0^ ■0 fc. Pakisiies s ■Sir' o.:i >M o a v-i M o o U o IS "=1 1^ a) 0^ z, u u ^ t^ u h u u OJ Oi o 03 t 1' £-0 • V 4-> fa X 0? t a Z u -S a Z u ' ■*-> d u 4J o > O 8J ^z 4 10 a; VI o 0) o >a >a £5 > ■op o-a ■a u ©•a ^S •^ Q ^^ ^^ o^ ©H Parishes. o ^M fcX) © u VI S 04, Ut t-t u u i4 u IL, 01 2 1) IV XI xs.a ■Osi J=xi J=.a a 3 a 3 - a - 3 a 3 i^ i^ , '^- i^ tn Z z Z z Z . z ■ 1 Z - z St. liernard . . . . 1,8:^9 1,656 173 871 958 462 409 398 560 .St. Cliarles . . . . 2,096 2,078 18 242 1,854 199 43 408 1,446 -t. Helena. . . . . 1,509 1,491 18 761 748 684 77 157 591 St. James . . . . 5,235 4,450 785 1,835 3,400 1,541 294 374 3,026 St. Jolin 2,962 2,947 15 1,011 1,951 884 127 145 1,806 St. Landry . . . 10,947 10,835 112 5,354 5,593 3,745 1,609 1,677 3,916 St. Martin* . . . 3;674 3,630 44 1,476 2,198 .... St. Mary 7,676 7,413 263 2,227 5,449 l",938 '289 695 4,754 St. Tammany . . 1,859 1,741 118 1,158 701 958 200 254 447 rangipaiioa . . . 2,842 2,737 105 1,727 1,115 1,465 262 243 872 Tensas 5,163 5,091 72 728 4,435 721 7 723 3,712 Terrebonne . . 5,311 5,220 91 2,276 3,035 966 1,310 459 2,576 Union 2,965 2,938 27 1,854 1,111 1,594 260 130 981 Vermilion . . . . 2,490 2,417 73 1,931 559 820 1,111 107 452 Vernon 952 876 76 829 123 640 189 53 70 Wasliington . . 1,215 1,213 •'» 892 323 619 273 60 263 Webster 2,463 2,423 40 1,146 1,317 1,096 50 68 1,249 West Baton Roug€ ! 2,377 2,270 107 547 1,830 386 161 241 1,589 West Carroll. . . 571 568 3 252 319 202 50 56 263 West Feliciana. . 3,350 3,225 125 550 2,800 510 40 150 2,650 Winn Totals 1,375 253,557 1,369 232,949 6 1,194 25,407 181 856 99,945 338 35 146 20,608 1 128,150 23,986 23,010 102,942 ♦The original registration book having been destroyed by fire, the number of white aad colored voters who write their names and who make their mariis cannot be given. 554 POLITICAL. I STATEMENT REGISTERED VOTERS, 1896. Parishes. •o « V >■ V 4^ e« m Z U) %-« 0) » 05 «-l X U © it a. '^t; o >► a o s z 0) ,_, ja cd g o a H S5 o fa "5 d O >5 s 3 2; o > 3) J2 Sfl 5-a 4_> tj ^ .is o-iJ O) o 2; OJ O 2; osi O 4) H o Acadia 3.898 3,6G2 236 Ascension 5,473 5,323 150 Assumption 4,tt87 4.i»15 72 Avoyelles 5,423 5,378 45 Bienville 3.(J04 3,000 ♦!(»4 Hcssier 0,051 5,931 120 Caddo 0.473 5,825 048 Calcasieu 7,997 7,251 746 Caldwell 1,350 1,340 10 Cameron 605 637 28 Catahoula 2.780 2,670 110 Claiborne 4.050 4,040 10 Concordia 3.837 3.815 22 l»e Soto 4.912 4,880 32 East Baton Rouge. 8.060 7,732 328 East Carroll 3,021 3,010 11 East Feliciana .... 3.751 3,540 211 Franlvlin 1,891 1.867 24 Grant 2,725 2,715 10 Iberia 4.790 4,614 176 Iberville 5.266 5,000 266 Jackson 1,650 1,645 5 Jefferson 1,506 1,250 256 Lafayette 626 579 47 Lafourche 7.799 7,576 423 Lincoln 3,901 3,882 19 Livingston 1,940 1,891 47 Madison 2,324 2,317 7 Morehouse 3,770 3,737 33 Natchitoches 4,534 4,409 125 Orleans 60,084 49,019 11,065 Ouachita 3.677 3.554 1"23 Blaciuemines 3.862 3,027 835 I'ointe Coupee .... 5,487 5,351 138 Kai)ides 9.956 7.764 2.192 Red River 2.370 2.355 15 Richland 2,676 2.643 29 Sabine 4,080 4.046 34 St. Bernard 1.695 1,508 187 St. Charles 2,696 2,595 101 St. Helena ....*... 1,620 1.600 20 St. James 5,211 4.785 426 St. J. the Baptist.. 4.203 3.687 516 St. Landry .„ 7,807 7,716 91 St. .Martin 4,192 4,077 115 St. Mary 6,400 6,220 180 St. Tammany 2.834 2.636 198 Tangipahoa 3.144 3.000 144 Tensas 5,877 5,706 171 Terrebonne 4,868 4,676 192 Union 3.483 3.460 23 Vermilion 3.894 3.829 65 Vernon 1,381 1,379 2 Washington 1.610 1,600 10 Webster 2.869 2.832 37 West Baton Rouge. 2.623 2,565 58 West Carroll 892 884 8 West Feliciana . . . 4,502 4,436 66 Winn 1,654 1,648 6 3,257 1,035 2,526 2,894 2,354 1.427 2.215 5,725 710 583 1,585 2,110 400 2,037 2,839 386 1,180 865 1,813 2,846 1,800 1,154 685 626 4.712 2.470 1,590 290 892 3 45 1 1 1 907 565 ,888 333 0.<'>33 829 814 3,399 843 558 816 2.051 1.5.57 4.686 2 212 2.461 1,693 2.131 576 2,513 2,026 3,208 1,311 1,190 1.521 750 306 700 1,469 641 2,298 2.467 2,529 1,250 4,624 4,258 1,526 640 82 1.195 1,940 3,437 2,875 5,221 2,635 2,571 1,026 912 1,944 3,466 496 821 3.282 1,431 350 2,034 2,888 1,312 14.177 2.112 1.974 4.254 3.323 1.541 1,858 680 852 2.138 804 3,160 2.646 3,121 1,980 3,939 1,141 1.013 3.203 2.355 1,457 686 70 420 1,348 1,873 586 3,802 185 1,594 3,175 1.385 2,210 2,000 1,389 2,172 4,360 533 365 1.375 1,990 400 1,936 2,538 386 1,171 774 1,614 2,515 1,700 993 422 301 2,547 2,127 1,120 290 800 2,500 42,724 1,452 1,277 1,086 5,588 779 733 2,724 453 291 721 1,326 1.196 3,124 1,402 1,348 1.869 570 1,187 1,759 1.683 965 900 1.471 468 254 688 1,140 1,163 1,834 1,141 684 354 38 43 1,365 177 218 210 120 ioi 301 " i) 91 202 331 100 161 263 325 2,165 343 470 '82 260 3,183 113 611 247 1,045 50 81 675 390 267 95 725 361 1,562 1,059 345 262 6 1,326 267 1.525 346 290 50 282 52 12 329 96 464 606 1,017 250 311 425 541 260 19 420 460 375 272 1,231 865 437 187 358 294 450 114 205 548 235 90 265 210 200 8,459 438 1,040 674 1,023 64 451 223 291 504 181 681 703 511 1,206 540 263 579 783 343 101 15 200 141 430 192 300 46 2,733 601 75(1 4,723 1,572 1,114 585 56 220 1,207 1,443 394 3,502 139 POLITICAL. 555 STATEMENT OF KEGISTERED VOTERS ON JANUARY 1, 1898. (Act 89 of 1896.) Parishes. 0) be O) o s s o H 0) CIS 2:; o m o t; >5 0) X! s o fa OJ^ 2! o ;2^ O M 0) Q 3 .a s 3 z; o p> •a S o .a s 3 IS I" 0) O z 10 •^ u ■cr 51 — H ^S ■ a »; e3 •>- t- D O i o Z T3 U 2 Acadia Ascension Assumption Avoyelles Bienville "^o.ssier "artdo 'ahasieu Caldwell Cameron Catahoula Claihorne Concordia DeSoto East P>aton Rouge. East Carroll East Feliciana. .. . Franklin Grant Iberia Iberville Jackson Jefferson Lafayette Lafourche Lincoln Livingston Madison Morehouse Natchitoches .... Orleans Ouachita Placiuemines Pointe Coupee. . . . Ranides Ued Uiver Klr'hland Sabine St. Bernard St. Charles St. Helena St. .Fames St. John Paptist. . St. Landrv St. Afartin St. Mary St. ""ammnny Tangipahoa Tens IS Terrebonne T^nion Vermilion Vernon ^^'n'lhington Wobster West Paton Rouge Wpst Carroll West Feliciana .... Winn 901 1,093 1,720 752 1,481 1,142 2,723 2,596 -788 224 1,080 1,352 380 830 1,074 193 647 765 587 867 762 893 4,351 677 859 1,310 1,025 OOf) 544 1.616 24.441 1.451 702 536 1,630 838 350 827 1,235 984 433 754 197 1,653 383 1,103 595 1,439 691 738 1,376 472 757 687 L276 439 314 451 1,027 1 835 1,088 1,677 728 1,450 1,127 2,483 2,207 786 209 1,076 1,347 372 815 978 164 607 758 584 765 721 890 3,491 545 821 1.308 993 217 531 1,574 24,603 1,377 574 470 1,430 832 335 ,S17 l.OSl 790 425 737 1.186 1,569 3'<1 1.009 559 1.428 643 709 1.362 451 755 6S5 1.262 416 313 438 1.025 66 5 43 24 31 15 240 389 2 15 4 5 8 15 96 29 40 7 3 1'02 41 3 860 132 38 2 32 12 13 42 4,838 74 128 57 200 6 15 10 154 194 8 17 11 84 2 94 36 11 48 29 14 21 2 2 14 23 1 13 2 877 812 1,514 743 1,268 683 2,620 2,399 434 219 643 1,252 188 819 997 182 609 473 571 867 699 719 2,743 677 808 1,067 930 203 457 1,603 26.353 873 395 499 1,530 536 297 813 880 944 414 .322 542 1,512 383 1,101 468 1,341 238 719 1,206 455 725 567 903 438 192 450 961 24 281 206 9 213 450 103 197 354 5 437 100 192 11 77 11 38 292 16 63 174 1,608 'si 243 95 26 87 13 3,'OSS 578 107 37 100 302 53 14 355 40 19 432 655 141 2 127 98 453 19 170 17 32 117 373 1 122 1 66 792 713 917 686 1,465 652 2,570 2.240 411 195 601 1,177 188 781 985 181 604 445 451 867 690 671 2,398 590 607 368 726 227 449 1,2'04 5,499 853 506 452 1,500 488 294 770 755 600 409 304 459 1.345 351 1.022 432 1.341 237 f.02 1.116 411 646 525 866 325 174 435 864 851 198 596 57 25 31 50 159 23 24 42 75 .38 12 1 5 28 46 ' 9 48 345 87 201 199 204 2 8 399 977 20 90 47 30 48 3 43 125 344 5 18 83 164 32 79 36 i 107 90 44 79 32 37 113 18 15 97 19 75 72 9 20 117 25 97 88 3 136 50 106 9 69 9 28 63 11 62 63 1,302 ii 86 27 26 39 13 2.749 166 73 o2 100 59 44 9 260 40 15 198 373 106 SO 98 177 14 76 16 9 66 64 1 52 1 36 Total 87.240 78.818 8.422 74,133 12,902 68.442 6.540 7.541 206 134 i93 342 78 100 266 2 301 50 86 2 8 2 10 229 5 ' i 111 306 '46 157 68 '48 3.37 412 34 15 243 9 5 95 ' '4 234 282 35 47 276 5 04 1 23 51 309 70 30 5.861 556 POLITICAL. • lo •MM»ift • -e^Ncc • •tan •W ?-lr1 • • €005 • •a saa+oA paaoioj jo jaquitiiV •t-iH •«© -W -10 04 w > Hi o o o OS ..•saoi;BO0!iBnD npa,, SJajOA, paJo[oj JO jsqiuiix OMMC^ r-lr-lOr-( •iHCO • tH iM lO •* •T-(0505 . •»-■* •►• ,. A4aaU0.1d [Baa,, rH-*C0!MO5 -cooos • sjejOA a+miU. J"J Jaqiuux , lo ow -rii-i ■ -inOJ • 05 ?D ■* W5 Oi iH IN J~ 01 •♦ » N O >0 • -005 -eocj wciiflouooow to • -t-iin • CO th*" in ..■j£:jjadoJd iBuosjaj,, sja;oA a^m.W Jo aaqcanx ..■snoiiBDpn^iir) "npa,. sjajoA ajiqAV J" -laqranx •T-l C-< • --^M -IN • -05 • ■ <» • -S • • ^ • M . .IN . • . .=» . Olt^OCOOriTju-CDM'rHCCaOinQOOOiri-tOOOSCOWOOr-COScnOlOSOO rH-*'r-icoOLOcci.';c:r-(c:'OCi-C5^ocoooC5cooc^)ccr:c-)c-iT«oooc!5 CO 00 kt O O O r. 00 CO CC C CD 1< lA O CO O ■* lO C I O^ 50 C J • • lO in ^ CI l^ >-<_ t4 i-Tr^ ri'co' i-H r-Ti-T r^ ih'tH iH iM sja^OA JO aaqain>i •mjia aAJlBN JO sja^oA JO jaqranx tH r-l -N lO LO X CO « C-I C5 CI 1:"; C-i tH riCOlOOlOOONin tDCOXiM ■* eoo5i-it-coco riT-H rnift t- 05 I^n- -^ N lO lO I- =, C5 tH o O 00 "*• CI !M<»OTt«Tfiociecoi-ieooiflooooci •wtcooi-ioccoci •<«C0CQCiHl-«0'*!e05iH05Z^ • «! C ej POLITICAL. 657 ( »H IHP3 »-li-l 'J' eo •T-( N t- ooeo^-oooM^H1H!Nfo«)■^c^cor-(•*MHKSr-l • 00 •WW -(NrHM •M -i-lrH -N -THrHOO • 50 rH • «0 ■C^OWOO •oowMec 05Mlfl05«o^^J0^550ooo5cof^^■^!Cooooxc;^wx^:Clrt■*KtMMO^-c:■*lftC5«c 00 05 C4 ooiftt-i-Moot->**t-Xl-'r'^C:t-t- •r-OiOS'^lfiMrHl-iHMIftC-IWt- MWrHl050lfl03lOt-«Ot-rHlftOrHe^«Ot-lCC')>nWl.-r-Clr-rHXTrt- • X'>)-r^-*t-rH,-0>r-'t-'OMt-CO>«Ot~C;XCCOOt-C»ftOrHCCir;5CXOH«'CC>f: Ifl ?0 O rH 05_Ci X_0 Irt X O M_^in •tt Irt Irt W CO t- CC W 05 »t-t-Ct-0tlX«COCIrHC<:0'rrHt-eCLtCIMCCM NMMiNrHrHrH rH rHM rH rH rHr-i Hf'rH n'c^* cirHC^rn'rH rH ri w'ciw'lisirHWNMi w ►-i-T.D CCt.— -t- 558 POLITICAL. NUMBER OF PERRONS LISTED AND QUALIFIED FOR REGISTRATION Under Section 5 of Article 212 of the Constitution of 1898. Parishes. White. Acadia 545 Ascension 1,111 Assumption 1,645 Avoyelles 920 Bienville 413 Bossier 720 Caddo 28 Calcasieu 361 Caldwell 145 Cameron 97 Catahoula 177 Claiborne 565 Concordia 48 De Soto 41 East Baton Rouge 48 Kast Carroll 47 East Feliciana 26 Franklin 220 Grant 822 Iberia 1,204 Iberville 564 Jackson 415 Jefferson 579 Lafourche 2,683 Lafayette 768 . Livingston 629 Lincoln 727 Madison 10 Morehouse 25 Natchitoches 316 Orleans 5,882 Ouachita 172 Plaquemines 41(> Pointe Coupee 830 Rapides 152 Red River 77 Richland 144 Sabine 903 St. Bernard 284 St. Charles 658 St. ir.Mena 163 St. James 143 St. John the Baptist 360 St. Landrv 2.564 St. Martin 1,151 St. Mary 343 St. Tammany 993 Tangipahoa 363 Tensas 304 Terrebonne 1,851 TTnion 280 Vermilion 1,074 Vernon 705 Washington 462 Webster 791 West Baton Rouge 65 West Carroll 182 West Feliciana 227 Winn 445 Total 37,877 Colored. 1 23 "i 18 48 1 1 111 Total 545 1,111 1,645 920 413 720 28 361 147 97 177 565 48 41 48 47 26 220 822 1,204 564 418 579 2,683 768 629 728 10 25 316 5,890 172 410 830 152 77 145 903 285 681 163 144 378 2,564 1,152 343 1,041 364 305 1,851 280 1,074 705 462 791 65 182 227 447 37,988 POLITICAL. 559 COLORED TAXPAYERS. Compilation of the Reports of the Tax Assessors showing the number of colored males in the State of Louisiana who are over 21 years of age, whose names appear upon the tax rolls in their respective parishes as own- ers of property amounting to not less than Three Hundred Dollars ($300.00), and who, by reason of this, are entitled to register and vote at all elections: Number colored males Number Parishes. colored males Acadia 50 Ascension 46 Assumption 14 Avoyelles 92 Bienville 53 Bossier 175 Caddo 285 Calcasieu 48 Caldwell 43 Cameron 22 Catahoula 41 Claiborne 189 Concordia 52 DeSoto 242 East Baton Rouge 140 East Carroll 40 East Feliciana 119 Franklin 41 Grant 29 Iberia 135 Iberville 35 Jackson 71 Jefferson 153 Lafayette 140 Lafourche 27 Lincoln 96 Livingston 4 Madison 27 Morehouse 110 Natchitoches 206 Ouachita 106 Plaquemines 101 Pointe Coupee 90 Parishes. Orleans : First District 44 Second District 180 Third District 203 Fourth District 49 Fifth District 94 Sixth District 168 Seventh District 124 Rapides 118 Red River 77 Richland 96 Sabine 18 St. Bernard 7 St. Charles 99 St. Helena 67 St. James 69 St. John the Baptist 25 St. Landry 264 St. Martin 298 St. Mary 143 St. Tammany 45 Tangipahoa 71 Tensas 70 Terrebonne 21 Union 107 Vermilion 61 Vernon 10 Washington 78 Webster 93 West Baton Rouge 29 West Carroll 47 West Feliciana 75 Winn 28 Grand total 5,900 560 POLITICAL. ELECTION TABLES. OFFICIAL VOTE FOR GOVERNOR Cast in the Several Parishes of the State of Louisiana on Nov. 4, 1872. PARISHES. W. P. Kellogg. Jno. McEnery. Ascension 1,840 666 Assumption 1,912 I'^X? Avoyelles 1,885 1,286 Bienville 428 872 Bossier 1,159 Caddo 1,238 627 Calcasieu 96 648 Caldwell 369 486 Cameron 40 176 Catahoula 878 678 Claiborne 942 1,357 Concordia 1,671 186 De Soto 1,022 790 Kast Baton Rouge 2,459 917 Carroll 1,452 382 East Feliciana 1,690 653 Franlilin 268 536 Grant 779 165 Iberia 965 616 Iberville 2,239 691 Jackson 610 446 Jefferson 1,732 970 Lafourche . 1,792 1,697 Lafayette 482 884 Livingston 146 653 Madison 1,756 305 Morehouse 1,262 625 Natchitoches 1,206 Orleans 14,043 20,537 Ouachita 1,441 606 Plaquemines 2,163 460 Pointe Coupee 1,454 1,092 Rapides 1,920 1,049 Red River 913 362 Richland 218 646 Sabine 62 789 St. Bernard 469 260 St. Charles 1,231 119 St. Helena 541 437 St. James 1,852 657 St. John the Baptist 1,167 638 St. Landry 1,890 2,347 St. Martin 718 670 St. Mary 1,667 739 St. Tammany 112 111 Tangipahoa 769 614 Tensas 2,275 168 Terrebonne 1,593 " 1,407 Union 489 460 Vermilion 228 256 Vernon 39 692 Washington 176 494 Webster 824 577 West Baton Rouge 900 287 West Feliciana 1,309 273 Winn 109 676 Total 72,890 65.249 POLITICAL. 661 COMPARATIVE VOTE FOR GOVERNOR FROM 18Y6 TO 1888. 1876 1879 1884 1888 Parishhs. o a ■ ct a « •o • c. P3S OS O ^ H 0) a H . tt /- u -" o — o io a o <& o 1-5 o XI K1.0 -a u a b ■ « a Ul Acadia • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 1.688 149 Ascension ■■.'.'.'.'.'.'.. .' 1,219 2,052 414 1,346 1,016 1,563 2,715 1,334 Assumption 1,607" 1,684 1..50B 1.919 1.000 1.741 1.902 2.159 AToyelles 1,485 l.Se.'^ 1,608 1,355 1,853 991 2,425 1,310 Baton Rouge, East 2,281 1,623 1.591 1,317 1,478 2,319 1.984 2,606 Raton Rouge, West 442 902 S^iS 563 794 408 1.712 454 Bienville 958 226 1.101 ... 1,528 2 1,923 37 Bossier ^ 889 1,724 1.530 278 2.342 686 t.zl^ 95 Caddo . ... 1.719 2.630 Q.CT^ .='.01 2.000 549 4.802 324 ralraaleu 1.308 85 1.409 129 1,944 222 2.297 708 ''aldwell 626 282 682 228 673 182 671 276 Campron 246 52 252 59 255 46 402 2 Carroll. East 181 1,382 702 1,316 2,680 285 Carroll West ... 503 56 483 4 420 81 Catahoula G58 801 800 482 1.402 85 992 885 Claiborne 1,588 427 1.725 444 2.175 596 2.397 768 Concordia 379 2.445 1.269 1.024 2.208 676 4.219 145 De Soto 1,313 892 908 8 1.732 5 1.865 74 Fellrlana, East 1.741 780 1.2.no 293 1.063 366 2.277 5 Fpllf'iana. West 1.246 129 1..'?39 147 1.808 252 2.0.?8 377 Franklin 789 405 822 1 927 1 987 4 Grant 514 1.449 351 106 508 636 582 402 Iberia 1.273 2.283 826 1.363 2.233 1.262 1.923 590 Iberville 965 35 626 2.245 992 1.817 1.802 2.610 .Taokson 456 1 .688 602 . . . 608 . . . 963 7 .Tefferson 859 1.688 ... ... 423 1.389 855 1.281 Lafourche 2.006 2.000 1.715 1.366 1.773 1.422 2.702 1.548 Lafavette 1.158 RRO 1.20.^ 690 1.296 1.015 1.70R 1,234 Lincoln 1.080 324 1.400 . . . 1.222 9 1.273 Livingston 779 121 543 80 525 1.306 766 192 Madison 336 2,510 2.370 78 787 731 3.530 Morehouse 1.400 762 947 164 669 15 1.584 14 Natchitoches 1.776 2.004 1.356 516 2. "03 535 3.373 28.^ Ouachita 1.809 781 1.976 11 1.355 1 2.994 5 OrleaTia 25.097 15 030 1.3.704 5.800 20.878 4.038 27.824 11.142 Plaquemines 727 1.732 820 1.637 573 1.50.'> 971 1.678 Polnte Coupee 1.096 1.963 1.366 000 1.450 922 1.946 1,465 Ranldes 1,649 1.720 1.041 800 1,708 1.157 4.678 449 Red River 413 832 604 79 574 552 1.679 78 Richland 975 26." 1.158 22 1.201 2 1.287 63 Sabine 968 23 S'>3 7 933 ... 1.441 2 St. Bernard 335 601 897 472 706 683 904 396 St. Pharles 263 1.041 114 1,10.^ 4 816 172 1.377 St. Helena 652 516 4fi4 3.'i2 528 540 846 370 St. John the Baptist 757 1.287 402 405 282 1.015 503 1.216 St. .Tames 984 1.084 806 1.456 402 1.200 898 2.181 St. Landrv 3.750 2.245 3.527 2.261 3.746 2.581 3.909 3.278 St. Martin 1.032 1.000 852 1.067 1.173 985 1.107 1.624 St. Mary 1,455 2.307 545 1.237 326 2.435 2.885 1.649 St. Tammany 645 550 605 398 452 549 912 615 Tensas 486 3.192 1,944 346 3.820 2 4.627 113 Terrebonne 1.402 1.962 1.007 1,937 1.059 1.810 1.687 2,033 Tangipahoa 936 558 795 561 814 676 1,249 629 Union 1.505 87 1.508 78 1.087 345 2.369 91 Vermilion 908 272 976 305 1.255 422 1,687 619 Vernon 649 1 688 . . . 746 . . . 947 Washington 519 163 574 175 596 579 763 271 Webster 896 858 588 574 588 840 1,506 325 Winn 556 78 720 2 812 12 1,196 83 Total 84.487 76,477 74,098 42,555 88,794 4.S.502 136,746 51.993 OFFICIAL VOTE FOR GOVERNOR AND LIEUTENANT-GOVERNOR, Cast the 19th day of April, A. D. 1892. !ii 6 to £ a H 1 to M s a 1 a 8 ^ a a n Fakishbs. o fa a; ^ ^3 & 02 s >-; 2 Q 6 a Q .a a X i-i s G K d ' '^ < a 1-5 K M Acadia .... 1,670 1,688 224 119 111 109 78 78 223 216 Ascension . 2,623 2,628 653 652 1.128 1.121 80 79 7 7 Assumption 989 991 927 929 1,721 1,720 . . . . • > Avoyelles . . 2,209 2,211 913 907 944 947 182 181 191 189 Bienville ... 1,121 1,123 322 317 2 2 3 3 533 533 Bossier .... 3,704 3,704 217 217 96 .96 102 102 9 9 Caddo 2,489 2.489 658 658 234 2.33 25 26 92 93 Calcasieu . . 1,456 1,465 1,051 976 489 597 337 340 677 683 Caldwell . . . 331 328 393 395 37 36 2 2 355 354 Cameron . . . 289 283 93 94 31 33 35 35 Catahoula .. 428 424 410 413 360 362 81 82 853 858 Claiborne . . 2,040 2,038 393 382 690 691 1 1 109 107 Concordia . . 1.500 1,500 399 400 289 289 21 21 83 83 De Soto . . . 1,093 1,093 470 472 536 534 . . . • < • 282 286 E. B. Rouge 1,477 1,475 1,004 1,004 1,647 1,647 323 322 3 4 E. Carroll . 91 91 210 210 110 110 985 785 E. Feliciana 1,955 1,962 386 383 6 6 . . . 107 164 Franklin . . 662 663 360 359 148 148 46 46 39 39 Grant 311 311 56 56 24 246 192 122 543 543 Iberia 897 899 1,023 1.026 408 407 17 17 • • • , . , Iberville . . . 1,517 1,518 1,025 1,025 816 815 589 588 10 10 Jackson . . . 654 661 126 123 . 389 883 Jefferson .. . 1,211 1,209 800 800 454 457 ii4 4i7 14 14 Lafayette . . 1,059 1.058 569 570 3 3 37 35 . • • . • • I.afourche . . 1.000 1.001 1,804 1,806 1.080 1,078 66 6 . . . . . . Lincoln .... 1,538 1.551 152 151 67 65 . . . 124 124 Livingston . . . 553 561 265 264 214 216 139 131 Madison . . . 3,0.30 3,035 34 29 80 80 162 i62 7 7 Morehouse. . . 1,082 1,085 301 303 16 16 33 32 2 2 Natchitoches. 1.076 1.089 602 587 128 126 334 329 723 717 Orleans .... 1L516 11.511 18,589 18,633 5,661 5,671 2,152 2,143 71 70 Ouachita . . . . 2.549 1,564 1,249 1,245 6 6 09 22 28 28 Plaquemines. . 1.133 1,134 482 483 213 213 1,163 1,162 . . . Pte. Coupee. 671 678 746 7.38 2,069 2,068 81 31 6 ■ '5 Rapides . . . 2.983 2,985 439 438 100 109 780 773 639 639 Red River. . 663 666 165 166 606 206 234 244 Richland .. . 961 961 378 378 4 4 '22 '22 • < . • • • Sabine 950 958 109 106 • < . , , 735 731 St. Bernard. 126 120 564 564 108 108 300 306 . . . * > • St. Charles. 75 5 234 233 986 988 52 52 St. Helena.. 5.36 539 122 123 282 282 99 22 38 38 St. James.. . 766 766 579 581 1,285 1,284 296 296 St. J. Baptis t 320 311 586 584 1,273 1,275 18 18 . St. Landry. . 3.434 3,447 611 616 1 000 1,205 2,419 2,427 183 173 St. ISIartin . 965 970 359 358 3 1 1 . . . • • • St. Mary . . . 3.134 3.125 .391 443 429 430 103 106 4 4 St. Tammany 609 609 479 481 154 154 324 271 76 127 Tangipahoa 9.50 953 442 444 110 110 511 513 167 165 Tensas 207 207 190 190 1.264 1.264 190 190 . Terrebonne . . 622 622 1,169 1.167 288 290 9 8 Union 2.147 2,150 276 288 4 2 67 67 242 238 Vermilion 1 .01 3 1,029 364 853 203 203 70 70 71 68 Vernon .... 195 194 247 0,50 3 3 506 50« Washington 656 656 68 ~6S 315 315 186 186 Webster . . . 1.214 1,213 71 70 103 107 " '4 49 49 w. n. Rouge :!7fi 357 307 301 848 853 28 28 14 14 W Carroll . :?33 342 186 185 4 4 25 24 w. Feliciana 1,112 1.080 1,193 1,233 178 177 3 3 Winn 136 137 111 17.037 113 58 29.459 58 29.500 12,298 1,001 1,001 Total . . 79.388 79,495 ' 47.062 12.359 9,792 9.804 RECAPITULATION. For (Jovernor — For TJeiitenant-Governor — Murphy J. Foster . . .79.388 Charles Parlance 79.495 Samuel D. Mc Knerv . rd .... . 47.037 .29,4.'>9 Robert H. D. r. Wic Coleman kliffe . 47.062 A. IT. T>eona 29,500 John E. P.ref iUT . . . llll . . . ,12.3.'59 . 9,792 James C Week! S. J. Mills . . . 1 1" ?9S R. H. Tannel 9,804 POLITICAL. 5G3 OFFICIAL VOTE FOR GOVERNOR AND LIEUT.-GOVERNOR, Cast at an Election Held April 21, 1896. For Governor. For Lieutenant Governor. Parishes. O ^ Acadia 1,162 Ascension 1,946 Assumption 1,087 Avoyelles 2,570 Bienville 1,547 Bossier 3,464 Caddo ;s.2iu Calcasieu 2,101 Caldwell 376 Cameron 349 Catahoula 518 Claiborne 1,495 Concordia 3,013 De Soto 1,994 East Baton Rouge 1,470 Fast Carroll 2,635 I<:ast Feliciana 2,514 Franlclin 1,093 Grant 440 Iberia 1,045 Iberville • 3,092 Jackson 447 Jefferson 3,211 Lafayette 1,509 I>afourche 1,817 Lincoln 878 Livingston 579 Madison 1,803 Morehouse 1,032 Natchitoches 1,030 Orleans 26,330 Ouachita 2,337 Plaquemines 1,832 Pointe Coupee 2,123 Rapides 4,373 Red River 1,140 Richland 1,069 Sabine 934 St. Bernard 945 Charles 979 Helena 512 James 1,801 John the Baptist 1,592 Landry 2,557 Martin ],339 Mary 1,102 Tammany 961 Tangipahoa 1,501 Tensas 1,968 Terrebonne 1,286 Union 1,279 Vermilion 760 Vernon 421 Washington 694 Webster 1,553 West Baton Rouge 1,461 West ( arroll 362 West Feliciana 3,093 Winn 385 St. St. St. St. St. St. St. St. Total 116,216 2,182 1,909 2,699 1,609 959 58 •J<7 3,531 815 259 1,239 1,850 80 608 4,859 239 658 1,430 1,284 251 984 878 654 1,934 1,286 764 385 1,186 21,683 850 1.582 1,891 1,411 605 1,086 1,033 331 763 713 1,795 787 2,656 225 3,483 851 1,466 2,203 1,353 1,906 607 738 530 956 367 1 959 90,138 o o n n 79 a xn 0) n "3 3 36 1,185 1,945 1,131 2,637 1,601 3,465 3,214 2,191 386 314 526 1,523 3,016 2.050 1,493 2,635 2,521 1,113 427 1,081 3,092 442 3,213 1,555 1.928 899 607 1,803 1,050 1,157 27,596 2,389 1,838 2,128 4,415 1,174 1,117 941 945 979 519 1,815 1.598 2,500 1,393 1.095 1,057 1,520 1,971 1.330 1,304 779 41- 697 1,579 1,408 366 3,101 401 2,167 1,913 2,687 1,588 954 58 276 3,621 849 253 1,239 1,832 80 607 4,861 238 657 1,428 1,278 251 970 873 647 1,901 906 759 376 1,196 20,856 833 1,578 1,891 1,410 604 1,088 1.088 324 763 717 1,760 782 2,656 211 3,495 908 1,459 2,189 1,401 1,897 i;i > 724 521 953 S69 1 961 176 118,447 86,487 a a u: 418 418 RECAPITUI/ATION. For Governor — For Lieutenant-Governor — Murphy J. Foster 116.216 Robert 11. Snvder 118,447 John N. Pharr 90.138 J. B. Klelnpeter 86.487 A. B. Booth 176 J H. Kleinpeter 418 564 POLITICAL. OFFICIAL VOTE FOR GOVERNOR AND LIEUTENANT-GOVERNOl CAST ON APRIL 17, 1900. -Governor- •o u sS v n Parishes. -^g ao ^ Acadia 1,050 Ascension 807 Assumption 805 Avoyelies 1,376 Bienville 905 Bossier 605 Caddo 1,378 Calcasieu 2,077 Caldwell 368 Cameron 223 Catahoula 735 Claib'orne 878 Concordia 310 De Soto 652 East Baton Rouge 819 East Carroll 159 East Feliciana 561 Franklin 422 Grant 600 Iberia 1,035 Iberville 603 Jackson 531 Jefferson 1,460 Lafourche 1,540 Lafayette 832 Livingston 511 Lincoln 666 Madison 131 Morehouse 435 Natchitoches 706 Orleans 18,226 Ouachita 590 Plaquemines 648 Pointe Coupee 671 Rapides 1,590 Red River 488 Richland 352 Sabine 865 St. Bernard 624 St. Charles 547 St. Helena 308 St. James 458 St. John the Baptist 867 St. Landry 1,986 St. Martin 826 St. Mary 1,008 St. Tammany 601 Tangipahoa 473 Tensas 235 Terrebonne 1,173 Union 808 Vermilion 828 Vernon 683 Washington 327 Webster 670 West Baton Rouge 282 West Carroll 100 West Feliciana 276 Winn 516 Total 60,206 n a H n ii CD ^« •-» u at ► Oh u U ft o • a) Q u n « a* S mO-i rj '. a ft o a ft m w e ll -Lieutenant Governor - . ft o m -ft -^1 ,_:ao K — 27 104 36 43 6 3 8 114 23 7 9 6 39 1 66 1 13 6 6 40 15 6 107 14 8 7 7 2 3 17 888 8 22 17 17 "8 5 14 3 2 242 50 37 5 22 105 24 1 8 5 145 35 20 6 3 " 3 10 17 37 13 63 173 3 14 151 139 9 214 164 16 38 10 1 8 90 204 24 6 394 2 '19 91 437 12 16 67 268 224 14 48 17 22 170 ' '4 14 4 564 4 7 23 33 "s 256 22 342 15 51 1 11 8 376 495 799 263 73 9 3 6 112 '48 6 2 19 6 23 29 15 688 221 5 9 1,121 462 6 11 5 4 18 2,472 13 74 '21 4 8 ' 6 8 20 520 153 44 19 557 51 44 648 'si 23 8 18 27 1,041 801 811 1,390 846 509 1,378 2,028 285 224 695 839 310 644 815 158 541 387 571 1,024 599 598 1,450 1,542 828 510 642 185 428 686 18,219 570 647 671 1,576 480 347 775 632 547 301 456 867 1,982 825 1,006 587 470 236 1,161 716 823 571 317 637 281 102 273 440 25 101 36 42 4 3 2 102 16 8 6 7 39 1 67 1 13 7 6 40 15 6 106 "8 6 8 2 2 16 888 9 22 16 18 "9 5 10 4 2 242 50 36 5 21 100 24 1 10 3 142 33 19 7 3 ' '2 10 61 168 13 50 170 2 16 93 158 7 215 156 9 87 9 "9 72 206 17 6 898 2 '14 86 426 12 22 64 272 205 '13 29 18 20 158 "2 14 5 502 4 5 17 28 "4 250 20 278 13 37 1 8 373 448 657 259 62 8 2 fl 107 '48 a 1 17 20 26 668 204 4 9 1,104 376 4 11 6 8 1« 2,428 IS 78 '24 8 8 "a 8 19 516 153 J ( 20 ~ 630 37 41 647 '70 13 8 . 20 2.449 4.938 9,277 41,957 2,386 4,770 8,882 POLITICAL. 565 OFFICIAL RETURNS OF ELECTION or Secretary of State, Treasurer, Auditor, Attorney General and SuperiBtendent of Public Education. Election in 1896. For Secretary of State For Treasurer. For Auditor of Public Accounts. For Attorney General Parishes. ID o a S3 o i-s T3 d s m b< o a) a o J4 d ja o d at ja y o d a> a d d d 3 adla 1,186 .tension 1,939 .sumption . . . 1,102 ioyelles 2,637 linvllle 1,598 Issier 3,465 (ddo 3,214 Clcasleu 2,150 (Idwell 387 (meron 314 (tahoula 519 (ilborne 1,513 Cacordia 3,016 I Soto 2,053 i Baton Rouge 1,495 1st Carroll . . 2,635 Ist Feliciana. 2,521 knklin 1,105 (int 447 iTla 1,081 iTvllle 3,092 J:kson 459 Jferson 3,226 Ifayette 1.557 Ifourche 1,938 Iicoln 896 I'ingston 608 Idlson 1,803 irehouse .... 1,057 Mchitoches . . 1,158 Ceans 27,689 Cachita 2,403 iiquemlnes . . 1,837 Inte Coupee.. 2,123 li River 1,173 F3ldes 4,413 Fhland 1,120 S)ine 948 S Bernard . . . 945 S Charles . . . 979 S Helena 522 S .Tames 1,811 «John Baptist 1,598 r.andry . . . 2,591 Martin 1,395 Mary 1,093 Tammany. . 1,049 liglpahoa . . . 1,529 Tisas 1,971 Trebonne . . . 1,328 Lion 1,273 Vmlllon 780 Vnon 444 Vshington . . . 697 Vbster 1,580 y Baton Rouge 1,468 ^st Carroll . . 366 V Feliciana .. 3,101 Vm 403 2,167 1,911 2,688 1,588 973 57 276 3,622 849 252 1,239 1,862 80 608 4,858 239 657 1,427 1,279 251 971 874 650 1.897 1,330 755 357 1,197 21,065 829 1,578 1,891 605 1,413 1,089 1,066 324 763 712 1,766 782 2,656 210 3,494 906 1,439 2,188 1,443 1,879 602 722 521 953 369 965 1,183 1,945 1,101 2,625 1,591 3,464 3,211 2,143 387 323 526 1,530 3,016 2,049 1,489 2,635 2,520 1,105 447 1,047 3,092 459 3,226 1,552 1,935 897 607 1,803 1,056 1,158 27,765 2,401 1,838 2,123 1,174 4,414 1,121 948 945 979 517 1,805 1,598 2,589 1,232 1,093 1,057 1,530 1,971 1,326 1,281 780 444 697 1,581 1,468 366 3,102 404 2,168 1,911 2,689 1,594 972 49 279 3,619 849 271 1,1!;{.S 1,846 80 605 4,864 239 658 1,424 1,290 251 971 874 643 1,899 1,331 756 357 1.198 20,081 831 1.577 1,891 603 1,413 1,090 1,079 324 763 715 1,766 778 2,658 203 3,495 904 1,462 2.188 1.421 1,897 597 725 519 953 369 963 1,191 1,946 1,102 2,629 1.597 3,465 3,213 2,146 390 338 526 1,532 3,016 2,053 1,496 2,635 2,522 1,]04 448 1,083 3,092 462 3,226 1,574 1,935 907 610 1,803 1,057 1,153 27,662 2,409 1,837 2,123 1,172 4,415 1,120 948 945 979 519 1,809 1,598 2,590 1,395 1,094 1,059 1,527 1,971 1,336 1.4U0 778 443 698 1,580 1,468 365 3,103 405 2,163 1,910 2,679 1,588 965 57 276 3,620 847 271 1.239 1,839 80 607 4,862 239 656 1,423 1,278 251 970 874 648 1,897 1,322 758 356 1,202 21,113 826 1,578 1,891 603 1,412 1,090 1,085 324 763 712 1,759 782 2,658 212 3,495 891 1,462 2,189 1,341 1,897 606 726 522 953 369 962 d o .o ■M 1,286 1,946 1,112 2,634 1,583 3,465 3,214 2,145 385 315 525 1,523 3,016 2,054 1,489 2,635 2,522 1,107 452 1,077 3,092 459 3,243 1,575 1,929 897 609 1,803 1,056 1,146 27,188 2,408 1,837 2,123 1.167 4,403 1,120 946 945 979 519 1,809 1,598 2,590 1,394 1,089 1,057 1,526 1,971 1,132 1,34B 778 430 638 1,578 1,468 365 3,101 403 2,158 1,910 2,688 1,587 1,050 57 276 3,612 850 253 l.2:v,» 1,842 80 606 4,863 239 657 1.415 1,277 251 971 707 649 1,903 1.324 760 356 1,198 21,146 829 1,578 1,891 603 1,413 1,090 1,077 324 763 713 1,759 781 2,656 210 3,501 908 1,428 2,37i 1.356 1,897 612 722 521 953 369 962 For Superint'd't of Public Education. a o "5 « o o O 1,190 1,944 1,102 2,638 1,594 3,465 3,214 2,038 387 310 .">27 1,530 3,016 2,055 1,498 2,635 2,519 1,105 448 1,082 3,092 457 3,232 1,575 1,926 890 610 1,803 1,057 1,154 27,469 2,408 1,837 2,123 1,174 4,413 1,121 948 945 979 518 1,805 1,603 2,570 1,391 1,092 1.061 1,529 1,971 1,318 1,323 780 437 697 1,581 1,467 366 3,103 403 2,173 1,910 2,689 1,583 971 57 278 3,629 849 276 1.2:19 1,841 80 606 4,835 239 658 1,429 1,282 251 971 872 643 1,903 1,333 758 357 1,202 21,120 829 1,578 1,891 603 1.412 1,090 1,079 324 763 716 1,766 777 2,683 211 3,494 905 1,462 2,i89 1,387 1,897 614 725 621 953 369 963 \ Total .118.806 88,144 118,671 87,090 118,999 88,098 118,202 87,211 118,525 87,252 2 = ^1^ ^ a* a '- 2 O , S CO * tj ot; 0) n 4> -44 — lH ■*-» 4* > O t*.. j= c-S £ g f ..2 5 "i-^ p o -^ g a; 3 o ti g jS o Ot3 oMij >- aS OSvi '^0) M* "t; *: o cd oJ tH a 4) •" o o g <« a; I- G Zj -« ^-4 fr^ 0^ O ? ov. -« Oi ° o »> o ^ o 00 5 4) '^ 2 9 <-H = d <- 3 U o '^-; a- 4) 2 • 00 « *r r« ^ oa*^4.9;X >-»-M t^ja M" ri -*-• t3 "^ ^'^ - 3«2 - O a 4) - d a '>. 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CJ Si: !o &-S 3 t. 6 K a • ■•-» M o C 5*H IK P O ei o O M ■> t. K B e ■£ - a: •'3 • tn n •" r • »3 H ■« P- r, S ^ I S ? O S ■U «H a^edOJcon — — — j;wi«y — >^>"'Ji--Hol««-i-'->->*-''-'-»->-»-i-t-i«a)4)±**'*tirit>.fitifI i:STTJhJJr3Sa200CLiCiiC!5cja;Ma2a2or2a2!»/ia3a!aitHfHEHP>>^^i*^i*Cfi a 568 POLITICAL. OFFICIAL VOTE FOR RAILWAY COMMISSIONERS. OFFICIAL VOTE — RAILWAY COMMIS SIGNER, FIRST DISTRICT. ^ Election November, 1898.^ Parishes. Charles L. DeFuentes fuioans 7,787 Jefferson 1,733 riannetnines 6C9 St. Bernard 475 St. Charles 1,066 St. James 874 St. John 1,063 Total 13,067 ELECTION RETURNS For Representative from Sabine Parish. Election November, 1900. J. W. Conerly . 25 Don E. Sorrelle 7 J. W. Tavlor 1 Rullard 4 I. N. McAllister 1 ELECTION RETURNS For Representative from DeSoto Parish. R. H. Speel 402 C. H. Peyton 228 J. M. Wilson 184 OFFICIAL VOTE — RAILWAY COMMI SIONER, SECOND DISTRICT. (Election November, 1898.) Parishes. R. N. Sims, Jr. Acadia 88 Ascension 514 Assumption 1,027 Avoyelles 284 Calcasieu 705 Cameron 83 East Baton Rouge 368 East Feliciana 191 Iberia 634 Iberville 259 Lafayette 198 Lafourche 588 Livingston 116 Pointe Coupee 181 St. Helena 94 St. Landry 364 St. Martin 243 St Mary 215 St. Tamman.v 101 Tangipahoa 170 Terrebonne 322 Vermilion 172 W,339 2 19 52 1 84 2 4 11 1 9 4 G 1 1 1 1 206 OFFICIAL VOTE — RAILWAY COMMIS SIONER. THIRD DISTRICT. (Election November, 1900.) Parishes. 0) o Rapides 1,096 Vernon 467 Sabine 538 Crant 236 Natchitoches 836 Winn 1:66 Red River 461 DeSoto 927 Caddo 1,288 hossier 418 Webster 493 Bienville 825 Concordia 339 Caldwell 272 Franklin 324 Tensas 212 Madison i.'52 Richland 297 Ouachita 650 .Tackson 332 Lincoln 492 I'nion 692 Morehouse 364 East Carroll 177 West Carroll 72 Claiborne 882 Catahoula 391 Total 13,499 !,■< 570 POLITICAL. uJ— t t- ■^ rH 50 T-l M ■* lO OS » . g ' t- COM o CO GO o H 00 GO o «} ;^ o o > 1—1 H < cc H P^ P^ O Ph H O > H P^ < Ph O o - I o u « H OS 3a O.; o t- - ;?; o ^c n 3 ^; 0( 3 ■t o H Ka 7J o *> 1— 1 « . fe si w< i-I 2 « Ot-OMt-O00iOCi!N o O«0 Ot- 05-^ 051^ ■*CC 00-1 ■ w •CO ■l- •co •CO OOWSit-rHin^THOOOO KD (NW^S^COi-ICOrHC^l-* CO ,C0 CO«l 5 •C ^ — ^s:jz^ ^ 2i t^ Ct -f L- w I- X 01 r4 .9 =* 1 a - » a 4) a 5."-' «« r* 0) CS -T^ :. h320 o 9S o 03 5 O Q z o E as 00 *■ j- Si WW WW . a w'3 WW m a n as »-l -NNi-irH ■r-ICOOOWCD '*icocoiftoseooii> t- OM-^l^l^COCOCOMCllCCl-* CO rtWCOCOClMrlCJ ClO^rHI-J lO rH rH tH ' «0 t- r-l •<11 o: t- •* CO W CO M M CO CO O C001r-l01'*t-'3-iH . o ^1 •-=>> « 00 . • o «5j 00 S .'3 . cS Op P3^ 00 -»^ t> . u 00 o o ^M W3 ■ u n in Ol01-^C5'^^C050t-CD^C■!t a s e-4 o 05 u fO r-l o r-l a « ri u X & l-ll si • ri t- o ■* lO t- iH f ^ •T-I-* XTtfTfi-* CT r-Ti-T I r^' I ■* X L'l lO M X CO t~ t-XMCDt-O: CO i-l CO O "-I lO t- O r-l CO CO CO M CO t- CO M C-I m rH C-)lO03XC0rHC0C)C5OXtl i* a a O 4> is •7"<>-l 5® a o S«3 a® * ^ o a; CO ■ts a 00 £ 00 . 3 •"o 5 a • CO «ooo-*^ ^; l- 5 . o p;S t- ■•*C0Og«0 ^S CD • r-l-S^CO "7. r\'~ O0J>0-*T*^ 5«C •OX •lO •CO •X •X •X O IflM X O O X O 05 rH C-) -H M CO a M c. CO L-; ri o X I- CO t— ^I-^lOtt— COCOt-COX rH rH cfcf *1IN •* o • 05 O • O • CI r-l •t--* •x ■ ■O •CO • i-jH Tt< 05 C5 C". I- LO rH X Ift t- © X CO o -v rH I- rH c c X :•! iC' ri X 05 ox CO X ■*__C0 -T O CO rH rH r-Tci" rH rH rH rH OS B » ED M Pi < Ph o5> — a ^ o j aj ss £ 5 c - ■Of 572 POLITICAL. CO 00 00 •H O H 00 t- 00 tH ^ o « ^ CQ GQ P=^ P4 o o • O o ^ 9S 1— 1 M Q oc w > M H <1 H ^ 3 W z m o H u e^ a fi^ H H fa w fa c^ o Ph tq H O t> H > M H <1 « <1 PM ^ O O . be • . a 00 S So,- o ^3 . a •lOlO •O O r • SI .a ^3 09 H 09 M 04 •CO •lO •CO Om'-2o>c^>oo fj .- M rH 30 ^ M M^M-OC O C O !M i^ r; lO tH rH O • ® M C-I C5 i^-^ •roocotH H-3 lo ■* o o :^i 00 CO • ■^ lOCOrHOCO T-( >s P 05 OS h^ T-l • O 05 ■* ifl OS --3 ■C0rH-*lOOt- •rH CO iHlH i-M-*io?5aO'-Hi-^::sru-coiO'ti ?0t--*3St-O'*O^'--MI-'-ir0 o t^ -^ t- --I o :» -r r: » ^ tt5< in_» 1?.^ Ot-0Sr-l^-Tj(Slt-CSrHC0C0C0r-liH JOosCSOiOOCOClOOCOCSJOODOOt^ O ?J •* ■* OJ CO 00 1-1 00 O IS C^ lOCO • O GO CO 05 rH «D ■ C5 LI C5 C') iCi iM T)< CO CI rH-s05'-IO»Z3-til-Sri:rCO'Mt- lnlOOO-^-^•*lOoo-^rl-ta^o55to Tt I 00 •l.OrrOS^^'* rH 05 rHH CO rH'*05lOlr-rH«SlO^05N05rHX'* CO CO C^U- rH CI CO M X rH t- t- O O ?D -J O OlOOrH_^05rHCJ^COrHr-C5COMCOffl Ifl r-T Cf rHCf rH rH rH lO S a o EH Si 1 Hi M, CO .1—1 00 < o C5 Z O U M O cS <^ ^ ^ ^^ ' < ^r* ^^ u-^ — ' r^ t.^ .— ^; H« I i-= I o .'" 00 . -*^ 00 t- ^ . 3 I "►J I e£ .3 00 t- ^ » M •00 00 -rHXrHt^rHOSTT-ri •OSdrH • ■* X T)< rH rH CO rH t- •« 10 • t^rH lOOOOlO-'i'COOSOOSCIXrHlO Tt10CO®lOt-XM«OXrHTt ~ c: ■ POLITICAL. 573 •Snjjaj ; • • • • 1 •Sut.iei •tH . . . . • 1 r' -;bos ' -lijos; •A-ai(or 000-*r>r-lcoOOOOC105 1 1-1 •nosi.i.iTJi' • ci"#oot-ccriT-icoxiHt-« 1 •* OMt~ri»HL-5 COt-rHt- 1 Ift •iM»o -Tx-aoi-iXi-ft-ir. 1 .- H saraBf COl-CllOOM iH W CO H '.U •lOLIlO t-CI T-i CI j CO H rH r-TrH O E^' r^ \ ■* a O 051O<»CJC0C'-l'*t~'^^» \^ /V» fflC01-lCi^c0l-^^-lMT-L':ct- 1 cc •.^Bf) -f C^C5?3M?C,X'»C:CCt-C-.'* 1 >0 P5 02 •nos^.TaqoiT ocrr-cciCjicoO'-ic: t-cit- i- H p.TBA\p3 050-*-*Tf(o;iOCCOOr-.CC 00 •jv- Mnrai^s LOOOLOCOl-_CCCC'*COO-.T»ico j c 05 i-TwcfC'rrHrHrH'i-ri-lT-I r-' CO ^^ T— r- ^1 T— 1 C r- 4 S >" 1-^ ,1— ( M . o • • ■ 53 IC ^ X a. ■ (t! ej c; M • ■ • Us • : ; s -^ . ■ • H ^ 02 H a; ■ c 5 ^ • ■ ■ • >■- ■f. < a "> a r 'j5 « Bj S jj J - — _o c -iJ ci o-- c; as C a! ±ijHai=:^»^^>o'« <1 o! t, <: K ?; K ?^ o; h: r^ ?: x • • •'^^ r- • . • 1 CO ?uooc;^5n • • 1 •* ■SuijaiJBDS •iiui.ioiiBog — 1 :2 r-. ^J' • . r-1 • • CI •uBraeioo Tf LO C5 ■* 1^ ^D 1- rH t- o Tf L': CO In •;fa.TOK • l-Oc-)C/D00r-ir-( • ■ ■ .o -wcr ■MCI cot- • • • -t- -r-^ 'r-l in ■faipuQ "H ■^»Ot-C0C0rHC0rHO:-|_r^t- 1 r-(_ JluB.ijL CO l-lrH • ■ ■ -i-l • C 1-1 ^Eh r-TrHi-Ti-T 1 C> . i-i O H 0^ ooooot-t-cocot-oc ri^x it; iH M COCCI- -f^^T-^"^ — T-ictu-^ '-'-. O t—t -ti '^ C! CI o o ce Si ^ c; t- X o c t 1 in 02 HOHia "0 *!*» -.lemBOH L':C3r-iC:OXIXt-Xri7IXCIr-r- 1 tr- nituBCuaa r^ •f soi.njqo ii\i~ U-: M is o^» CO 1.-; c ci_r-LT:oa CI HH a:- 71 i-Tcii-Hcf T- 'r-t'^r r-' r^ Q „■ .-o • • • ■ CI ■o • • • • -c j; • ^ • -J-J . i-H . it-H l-H • o ^^"E^.^Si^-S- : ts* ! ; OQ ^ CO H a a 05 IH i: ■ *-> • m fe .3 - n • - 3 cd sli C; ft-*T-i t- •seidBK t- -t-r-iOOt-OClOlfl •» 1 CO nosnAV IfS CC rt CO tH T}< 23 •* lO M c-l C3 • O I- T- LO ^ 00 • C) 1 CD •a sai-iBqO 00 CO ■*! CI X' iH w t- c-1 o^ en , •a '^W '^^ • =-* --1 • j 01 rH •*" E-I 1 H O o 1— ( HH O 00 -1- C Tl CI LO LO CO •* 1 CO « ciXLOt-oc;crcocc-*coro ici •nosuT3[nA\ cixritrrict-t-^ti 1 t~ C-H ■p.i'Cq.niGi; CO'thCI'C I*-*!' w'OCI^O ic •g ajopoeqx L-;__i--ooi-ci-o»co a ^ "0 no;-\iex cicoc;ocoL-5-jTj.i.oc;mi- ico M iH iH T-? a5 *~^ CO' rHrHcfcf r-i' | CO • • • V '■ td E-i m '-6 -- CS i^ ■-> a ■- 5 ; E^ o X t— 1 a cS^ c3 «•-> eS w • &H ^'^f^^^'^^^'da! : M ! K . o s; |??^-?'§-?5j pi ■"o o ! ! ! ! < <• M ~ - •— X ^ "ii H C ^ S — kH J „■£•! -^ • =ct - ■2 .s ^ ^.^'X-*— 'C^y^'-"c;~— T ^ eScda»cia,cSC~---c,- c ain a^ z;i5si \, ^I^OZ >? 574 POLITICAL. O OS 00 > O ^'' o I— I H O <1 tz; o OQ o o m H t-H « EH OS •SUI.ia}}BDS .lOl^BX ■9DT.t--: 00 1- C5 1 in Cl rH 05 i-lr-lrn:'! a 0) o 51 8) • o 3 O a- a 3 t-. CO -, -;' rt 0) c3 ^ H fl o o Scattering. ■uos;.i8qo}i t~C0COCITI0000C^-*lOrH-*C<5 r-l IC ■* W CO lO « CO I-) C) ■* ■* r I HI a a a^w * * r- « B .a — Ji,fc.ffiK 0) m 5 a 2 — S .9 o m « K ? r c 2 £ ?\ •^•^wl'i*-! E^ S^ 03 • ■•+ " i-l ,HlO -OOr-l "nBin3I03 h- 35 1-1 lO C-l CO ■* K5 -M tH lO ^ t- •rr •IT OXajtHiHi-HTjiCOcO'tSOCOt- 'J- -tl COCOMlOMCO-Hflrt'trtC.i-l E-i Q z o u E nBgBi a :»BW 03 lOO"tl»cO*ia5»035C'It-0 JJMWMCOCD^McOrHTllXfl rOOl^^OO-^TI'-IClCJr-iTj.OS a! .~ M • tj , cJ cspt — - c:' :?Joj M^ rf '^ — Tl ■a u a a ?, -w o) oj a^ a a) .a a 0) cS 03 J] Oi-M 0! ^ +-» fl -; a d 0) ■ ' te . . . ^ -M -(-) +-> •Sui.l8};B0g •nae.10 •.laajBog •f sBqj X S •O •IN OOOl •OSt-rH'* 00 CO • rH 5D CI «0»C)OOM"IN.HC)COK5C>Wnif5 35Ma5T}<03500ooOffloOMt-COCO Tlt-CO®C3X'Hr-|C5l-|>NTt<05'*H rl (N • ©■* -in • lOlH • •iHin •« CO 00 eo 05 ® g 0) ^ 5" ^ « !: S a>.S a * r"- B a ~ a ri'c ss _ :-j~^gB.-2§fl ifSa'^'.Sr'^.isSc^^-wt^'^c! ^lgg1|^|.2B|S|3l TO O o Eh EH U s •Sui.ia^^Bog •qjotn '.laAajv: qdiopv « PS •«1 55T?(THril.'5i-l?5 'COCO iH rt M H S5 • »H oieCTfi rM05'* 1-35M OOOiH OSrHWlO CJCOCI-* ■*C0 5O5C CI C? CO CO rirH05l.O wt-os lOt-05 CDClTf 1OC0O5 00-^GO CO «e ..^5" B*' oi a d -a ^^'sl^a'PS - ■"• t- ^ Oj ^ e £ ES^i 2-5 ^ > tj, a ■ 221 216 1,019 691 1 416 8 59.S 167 718 636 25 203 318 Total 7,981 2,230 1 Congressmen elected — First District. Adolph Meyer ; Second District, Charles F. Buciv : Third District. Andrew Price : Fourth District, H. W. Ogden ; Fifth Dis- crict. C. .1. Rcatner ; Sixth District. Samuel M. Robertson. POUnOAL. 579 H y so a Q O o 02 O H ■qDOOO •^ ■* »-l rl -M OlOS r-l •iHrHr-l m-nstjnoTcr'iNaOi-irOMiftOiOO'^ii^eo I w 6l ^ ^ •aTTTRacr -^i OS ifl 30 W o M i-n M CO iH r-l "H+B^U '(_;e^ooo5r)ooco«t-oo JOJABXlc-Ot- COiO^lOO QOWrt » 09 a Cm o W n M tj _, s o a I o to— O n . «3.0' a toMojcSSo«S«i-i->-tJajlC~] 1 CI - !- a * cg-sa suuajjB3s ; ; ; I ; 1 '.^"^ •4!onea sixajv XOOlO'J't-CSCOOSCO-fcMlOi-X ^oocC'*rHooo~oot- — inoom •r^Tit.<-r OS-^OOSCOWOOOOsjr-lL'CCCS P-'!''):! ■* CO lO OS iH XM •-' t- 55 ro "5 f 3 05 "X I niBS M'^osoc-jvOM'* T-H uJcoiftM — to f J= o S rH c^ o th c> ec ■<»< CO t- '^ "-^ "' "-^ •7- iH iH r-liH r-( iH tH O ci M ■*' irt a: B W 03 I OS • >«« «=C ceo coco COIN i l- •ja^nnii d 'woa •AaiiBg Ai a ■j: K eoosNoo'*eo-rt'i'—i^^"^ CO (^^lcosccgr-l^^^w XO©05COOm'''(»'-^'~5? CO 05 1- r-l IM ■*< EJ ''^ 5s ■* *-* * •<»< rHMTt-t O O iH 'M :0 5J -^ ■.L. K- ^ - , rH M ^5 ■!*< lO X> t- CO 35 O rH ri o Sni.ia^jBOg •nosjJ9qo>i 75 PS 0^ •«■* -iH IM CO r-l r-1 i-l -^T-flMr-m a) 3 O 5j cia OS O) M o a o.- a o ~i; a o o °.^ ^^ 5 a-a o a > 0) a tt>.2 S a a^ o) a 3t " a •a rj-u 0) a oj a fl ti . . . ■:\t--i^\a •Sni.ia^jBog I •O.T.iaj'BTI'BX 350Wt-M •OOOSJOlMiHOCOThr-l •o.uajBiiBX •9 r C0C0t)-.T I'L'^OCOrHlOlOlOT-lrH • T•^x•=■nT (^JOr^C5000r^^^ooo lldjOpY CO-rt-t-M^MTflCO-^O 03 K to I -dT ■a ^a _ a ' -ja Cj^ja JJ =^ a -j'iJD^-wa'a--' •■*C0 • -rH •Sni.ia^jB.is : ipjBH •aiBazBa.ig jonBqcT 02 s OJt-0>COOOCOOcoOi-lOO OSiHr-HCOC'lOCOcDCOlOiaC^ r-l iHCO tHiHiHIN t-rHrH05(£)->!jft'-iojt-N •i-oom'H-*© •uos}.iaqoH ^oowaooj 'K laninBS i-oo^t-cioo laooooiacoia 4> 3 •(NiHC^ (M Ifl OJ ■^ "-i '^< to s o ■ >i a oc-? c — . 3 n r", •_,'.— O TV -^ •— « N 03 ^ O o r-l'*O5MrH'*WTH t-Tceoi-1 Mooo •"jiiH cs 00 (0 p z O K • -^ Tin >^t\J >n =1 M o ^ rn- o -- L-, Mi 00 o ■Ad.W: l«O■*O5^-O^^5«~;l!^•M00t-r^ •-^ T ranniT <^^ ^ O C5 05 CO t- c-i 00 o » 1^1 lo EC n 09 M » C-l cc^iocot-oojjic^ ^ a- cr 4-> — o t» a O •SaiaejiBog •qDIBAi Vi 'A ooifloooo©oco«ot-.-i,HCo r-( 1-1 CO C4 M •^[ISSZBe.I'J 00®rH-*-*50t~ScOMr-l© jOnBU T COinT) ^ Assumption «^-^ ■^ A\ oyelies 508 If ijicuvilie i-?- "^^ Caado l.^tfo ^^u Calcasieu l'J8 .^ t Caldwell i><^' 2 Cameron 3 4 Catahoula ^78 IJ Claiborne 114 12 Concordia -15 8.i DeSoto 2G2 42 East Uaiou Uouge o81 8 East Carroll 137 6 East Feliciana ii*JtJ -5 I'ranklin 3S t» Grant 103 20 Iberia 327 Iberville 70 3 Jackson 55 31 Jefferson 1,526 4 Lafourche 49 3 Lafayette 47 2 Livingston 106 2 Lincoln 76 10 Madison 108 1 Morehouse 144 42 Natchitoches 291 92 Orleans 17,616 312 Ouachita 306 27 I'laquemines 518 I'oiute Coupee Rapides , Red River Richland , Sabine , St. Bernard St. Charles St. Helena , St. James St. John St. Landry , St. Martin St. Mary St. Tammany Tangipahoa Tensas Terrebonne Union Vermilion Vernon Washington Webster West Raton Rouge West Carroll West Feliciana Winn Total 32,137 1,434 540 4 404 176 248 11 169 12 76 36 636 , , 444 , , 61 11 200 6 1,066 , , 523 27 9 , , 39 3 163 2 189 28 237 66 82 7 73 10 19 106 39 3 45 12 182 1 51 14 181 25 41 19 Name of Parishes. For Acadia 346 Ascension 246 Assumption 336 Avoyelles 407 Kienville 502 Bossier 366 Caddo 758 Calcasieu 731 Caldwell 226 . Cameron 59 Catahoula 429 Claiborne 586 Concordia 199 DeSoto 562 East Baton Rouge 658 East Carroll 14 East Feliciana 439 Franklin 222 Grant 251 Iberia 129 Iberville 186 Jackson 216 Jefferson 945 Lafayette 102 I^afourche 275 Lincoln 225 Livingston 269 Madison 120 Morehouse 316 Natchitoches 475 Orleans 11,611 Ouachita 541 I'laquemine 485 I'ointe Coupee 604 Rapides 752 Red River 380 Richland 230 Sabine 188 St. Bernard 237 St. Charles 123 *St. Helena St. James 284 St. John the Baptist 377 St. Landrv 682 St. Martin 57 St. Mary 238 St. Tammany 317 Tan!;ii)ahoa 586 Tensas 193 Terrebonne 264 Union 403 Vermilion 159 Vernon 458 Washington 228 Webster 279 West Baton Rouge 165 West Carroll 167 West Feliciana 300 Winn 294 Total 31,320 ♦Missing. Ag'; 34 9 4 14 37 8 33 74 20 2 11 33 54 12 2 21 G 57 11 11 40 13 7 19 20 11 i9 86 228 22 15 7 44 17 17 30 3 3 70 10 9 11 84 6 20 18 17 22 22 34 4 3 11 46, 1,44(1 ELECTORAL VOTE OF LOUISIANA. Cast on November 2, 1880. A sf pnsion Parishes. Hancock. 411 ..arfleld. 1.643 1,458 1,289 185 8 99 140 57 158 160 809 1.058 1.303 116 '86 1.114 . > . ) 2 o 981 1.698 437 72 456 53 524 317 434 1.010 367 535 271 648 153 355 350 45f? 247 286 159 782 360 181 18 879 759 580 85 32 341 1.030 244 2,147 1,058 2.212 948 2.181 357 339 596 1.699 52 116 '44 1S8 361 42 127 .38,628 Wheelr 35 796 . • ■ 3.310 ... Bienville 783 Itossi^r 2.144 > • . 2.478 • • ■ ( 'a lea sipii 784 . . • Caldwell 529 10 165 ... Catahoula 616 . . . ( Maibornf* 1.353 . . . r'onc'oriiin 1.445 112 r>e Soto 795 P'ast Paton Rouge Rast f'arroll 1.153 200 ios Kast Kpliriana 763 • . . Franklin 571 (zPant 326 ... Iboria 600 . . . Iberville . . 524 .Ta'kson .... 382 ,Tftff'f>rs(")n 438 Lafourche . . . I afayette . . . 1.42S 590 fjivingston . . 270 4 Jjincoln 1.115 XTadison 926 Morehouse . . 981 Xatohitoches 1.629 6 Orleans— 1st Ward 2nd Ward 3rd Ward 4th Ward 5th Ward 1.366 1,619 2.347 902 1,289 "6 3 2 6th Ward 7th Wni-d ^ 950 1,050 Sth Wnrfl 914 9th Ward 10th Ward nth Ward . 1,267 1.7S4 1.647 . . . 12th 13th Ward Ward 606 384 ... 14th Ward 168 15th 16th 17th Ouarhita Ward Ward Ward 644 131 257 2.225 I'laqueinines . 735 I'ointe Coupee liaj.ides Ror" River . . . SOI 1.748 5'I0 Ri'hland .... Sahiiie 1.132 433 St. Rornard . St. Charles . . 390 108 St. Helena 368 17 St. .Tames . . . 599 St. .John .... St. Landry . . 383 2 009 St. Martin . . . 632 St. .Marv . . . 571 St. Tammany 'i'angipahoa . , Tensas Terrebonne . . I'nion Vermilio.'i . . . 431 714 2.075 1.005 1.162 374 15 26 81 Vernon 372 Washini,'ton 346 Web.ster .... 861 West Baton Rouge \v'est Carroll 330 247 West Feliciana Winn 1,168 320 15 Total . . . 65,067 442 m •2uiJd;4B^y W H J44yifcJ u 1 •;o!j;s!a Pi; •dU04fc; ii a Ph O ■4<>lJ+«ia Po 'H4llluao4! _i ii^„U£' P •joij;sja ;st 1— I 'uoinoj 4Uv>^u!A CO H « •aSiB'i ;v 1 'I [BO JIM A'jueH W o 1— 1 d •aSjB^I 4v > o OS 'jSl^M. £) "Ai. r\ rH 1— ■ : ^ «o •;oij;sja q4y < 0) 'sHia a "S '-^ a P 1— I •;0IJ4S!a q4c 'eiBpsj^JBa u-^llV ^ CO o H •10ia4S!(j ii4f- Ph '•+-• 'UBOiaeAi'i x 11 Ph o CD P^ H •40!J4Sia P'o O •raoiioooM pij Ph CO Ph •}01J4S!a pe: o IJBH O w.Vi H O •joiJ^sja 4SX uq 'pjBoqj, r SBqo H rt •agjBT 4V O 'sjAiaq -11 -soqx Ph CO •eSjBT 4v 125 'jap;fuS -H 4-wqoH H P^ P^ s (2; s O 1— 1 1^ H 2 O pq 1-1 P^ Wt-00«»e<5«mLOCO(M-0 lOCO^t-^COrHrHtf IM M lO t- t~ OO O CO C^l lO rH rH NVlOrH CD rH rH rH «0 CO COCO rH mcoooo'^^c»LOl-oo m ■^■*i-t-C500ooinrH!N05ooooooioinoo'* •^COOOO lOCCOt--*0000«lC')OlOOlOO'M-*^t-t-C3i»OOCOt-rHC^C500000lOlOOOCO ■«tt~-*C0rHrHT)< WC0lOt-l:-00»flC0'M©rH rH NOlOrH O rH rH rH CO M CO 00 rH COl-00010CD>nCOOO-M'*T).t-55000COOrHMC50000050lOOOCO Tta 00 O O CC CD CO L" ? 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Tj< rH -)- X ~. rC X 01 X rH lO CO 05 Ol 1.0 CC C O ■ 05coo:cOr-r-cCrJCOLOioioi'foxt-oic:5 • CO CO 01 LO X LO 03 01 I- t^ CO lO ■* C rH rH CO 01 . lO ,- I- X X LO X 01 C O 10 01 05 -MO c: C CC ■ 05 CO 03 CC rH r- CO r- -:M!0 1 01 -f O X t- C I 03 • CO CO O I O X UO 05 1 1- 1- CO 1-0 ■* CO rH rH CO C I 05 It; I co" id 05 O , co'l lO a> 73 'p -o "p -a "O -a -a "O -c "O "c p -a "CO ■? . 'S cjoJeJcjoj_eJejrtcaacic3_c3oSc:nB — a; K cj-f c ■ s- 4) . . ""—5 a)rH,-^l^o•*»flCOt-X05C'-^cicC-t^LOCOt- i £■ = '5 _-■-"" ^~'^~""' iC ;. =S 5J ,1^ GO C c; — w -^ cd — -s. ^ ^ ^ j3 n ■r. — f. r. r. j2 =H 03 — 586 i-OLiTicAr,. ELECTORAL COLLEGE VOTE. Counting at Washington, D. C, February 13, 190L o a o . For President. For Vice-President. a el 0) a; "Sos States. 5 "c" ? S > • ■c 3 3 13 11 Alabama 11 U S Arkansas g g i> Ca'ifornia D g . 4 Colorado 4 4 tt Connec'ticiit 6 g .■5 Delaware 3 3 4 Florida 4 4 13 (ieor^ia ' 13 . 10 3 Idaho 3 ^"^ 24 Ililnois 24 24 15 Indiana 1 .5 15 1 3 Iowa 13 "13 10 Kansas \q jq 13 Kentucky 13 8 I>ouisiana 8 ^g Maine fj g 8 Mar.vland 8 8 1.") Massachusetts 1 ."> I5 1 4 Michigan 14 I4 !> Minnesota g !l Mississippi v, g 1 7 ^fissouri I7 -tj 3 Montana ..." 3 3 5 Nebi-aska 8 8 3 Nevada .[ 3 o 4 New Hampshire 4 " 4 1 New .lerse.v 10 10 3fi New York' 36 3g 11 North Carolina 11 3 North I )akota 3 3 -•| ^»hio 23 23 4 Ore.ijon 4 4 32 Penns.vlvania 32 32 4 Rhode Island 4 4 Soutli t'arolina 9 4 S'outh liakota 4 ' 4 12 Tennessee 12 1 rt Texas 1 ^ it 3 Utah .......:.■.■.■ 3 3 ^^ 4 Vermont 4 4 1 2 Virgin la 1 ^> 4 AA'ashiiifjtiin 4 4 H West Vir,a;inia g g 12 Wisconsin 12 lo 3 Wyoming 3 3 1^"^ -'92 155 ~ ^g2 155^ 11 12 12 POLITICAL. 587 VOTE OF THE STATE SINCE 1872. Dem. 1872— President ." 66,467 1872 — President *57,029 1876 — President 83,723 1876— President *70,508 1880— President 65,067 1884— President 62,529 1888 — President 85,032 Dem. Rep. 1892— Governor al26,009 540,135 Fusion — 1892— President 87,922 26,563 1896— Governor 116,216 90,138 Dem. Rep. 1896— President 77,175 22,037 1900— Governor 60,206 2,449 1900- President 53,671 14,233 ♦Count of tlie Republican Returning Board. aCombined Democratic Vote. bCombined Republican Vote. Rep. Maj. 59,975 71,634 77,174 75.315 38,628 46,347 30,484 6,492 D. 14,605 R, 6,549 D. 4,807 R. 26,439 D. 16,182 D. 54,548 D, F. A. Plu. 8,502 85,874 D, 61,359 D, 26,078 D. Nat. Dem. 1,834 Fusion. 9,277 55,138 D, 48,580 D. 39,438 D. I PART IV. MISCELLANEOUS. MISCELLANEOUS. 593 HISTOEICAL AND STATISTICAL TABLE OF UNITED STATES AND TERRITOKIES, Showing area of each in square miles and acres, the date of acts organizing Territories, and date of acts admitting new States into the Union. Civil Divisions. ^Thirteen Origi- nal States. New Hampshire. Massachusets . . Rhode Island. .. Connecticut . . . New York New Jersey. . . . Pennsylvania . . Delaware Maryland Virginia Act Organizing Territory. Art Admitting State. North Carolina. South Carolina. Georgia States Admitted. Kentucky Vermont Tennessee Maine Texas West Virginia . . . '^Ohio Louisiana , Indiana Mississippi Illinois , Alabama , Missouri Arkansas March 2, 1819. Michigan Jan. 11, 1805 Florida March 30, 1822 . . Iowa June 12, 1838. .. Wisconsin i April 20, 1836 . . . California | Minnesota i]\Larch 3, 1849. . . Oregon Aug. 14, 1848 Kansas jMay 30, 1854 Nevada | March 2, 1861 . . . March 3, 1805. May 7. 1800. .. April 7, 1798. , Feb. 3, 1809. .. March 3, 1817. June 4, 1812. . Feb. 4, 1791... Feb. 18, 1791. . June 1, 1796. ., March :'>, 1820. iDec. 29, 1845. Dee. 31, 1862. . April 30, 1802. April 8, 1812. . iDec. 11, 1816. Dec. 10, 1817. . Dec. 3, 1818. .. Dee. 14, 1819. . March 2, 1821. June 15, 1836. Jan. 26, 1837. . March 3, 1845. March 3, 1845. Mav 29, 1848. . Sept. 9, 1850. . May 11, 1858. . Feb. 14, 1859. . J.nn. 29, 1861. . ^March 21, 1864 Area of States aiul ierrilories, l^aud .~5urlace. Square Miles. Acres. 9,056 8,03b 1,081 4,794 47,687 7,454 44,679 1,969 9,875 39,925 48,972 30,460 58,a50 39,898 9,114 41,686 29,894 262,506 24,343 40,723 45,399 35,860 46,383 56,004 51,028 68,431 52,412 57,530 54,801 55,697 55,117 156,203 79,997 95,746 81,848 109,901 5,795,840 5,144.320 691,840 3,06b,16U oO,519,6fi.O 4,770,560 28,594,560 1,260,160 6,320,000 25,552,000 31,342,080 19,494,400 37,664,000 25,534,720 5,832,960 26,679,040 19,132,160 168,003,840 15,579,520 27,062,720 29,055,360 22,950,400 29,685,120 35,842,560 32,657,920 43,795,840 33,543,680 36,819,200 35,072,640 35,646,080 35,274,880 99,969,920 51,198,080 61,277,440 52,382,720 70,336,640 594 POLITICAL. Civil Divisions. Act Organizing TeiTitorv. Act Admitting State. Area of States and Territories Land Measure. Sq. Miles Acres. May 30, 1854. Feb. 28, 1861. JMebraska Colorado Wyoming I July 25, 1868. Washington I March 2, 1853. Montana May 26, 1854. North Dakota. .. South Dakota. . March 2, 1861, March 2. 1861. Idaho ::\rarch 3, 1863. Utah Territories. New Mexico Arizona Dist. of Alaska. .. Indian Dist. of Columbia Oklahoma Totals. Sept. 9, 1850. Sept. 9, 1850. Feb. 24, 1863. July 27, 1868. -iFeo. 9, 1867. . 5March 3, 1875. July 10, 1890. . 6Feb. 22, 1889.. 6Feb. 22, 1889.. •>Feb. 22, 1889. . 6Feb. 22, 1889.. July 3, 1890... 'July 16, 1894. July 16, 1790. May 2, 1890. . March 3, 1791. 8 76,777 103,669 97,552 66,792 146,240 70,172 76,885 83,271 82,096 122,546 113,738 575,162 30,717 59 38,710 49,137,280 66,348,160 62,433,280 42,746,880 93,593,600 44,910,O8u 49,206,400 53,293,440 52,541,440 78,428,800 72,792,320 368,103,680 19,658,880 37,760 24,774,400 3,547,746 12,270,557,440 *No territorial condition in Ohio Territory. Act to admit April 30, 1802. Admitted November 29, 1802. f No organic act. No territorial organization under laws of United States. Admitted September 9, 1850. iJoint resolution by Congress. -Date of proclamation admitting State. 3See President's proclamation, October 13, 1864 (Stat. L., 749). ^gge Presi- dent's proclamation, March 1, 1867 (14 Stat. L., 820). ^See President's procla- mation, August 1, 1876 (19 Stat. L., 665). ^gge President's proclamation (26 Stat. L., 1548 to 1552, inclusive). "See President's proclamation, January 4, 1896 (29 Stat. L., 876). ^See President's proclamation (26 Stat. L., 1544). XBj the terms of the Constitution of the United States any of the original thirteen States were to become States in the Union upon the ratification of that instrument. MISCELLANEOUS. 595 HISTORICAL. Discovery of Louisiana.. 1536. — The first mention of Louisiana and of the Mississippi River being traversed by white men, is in 1536, when a remnant of the ill-starred exx)edition of the Spaniards, under Pamphilo de Narvaez, in the vain attempt to conquer Florida and seek 'for gold, escaped in this direction to the Pacific. Narvaez had been put in comand of the territory extending west to the River of Palms — probably Colorado — farther west than that afterwards included in Louisiana. 1537. — Notwithstanding the failure of Narvaez, other bold adven- turers were ready to follow; and in 1537 Ferdinand de Soto, a native of Xeres, Spain, the favorite companion of Pizarro in the conquest of Peru, sought and obtained at Vallodolid, from Charles V., permission to coji- quer Florida at his own cost. Landing on that coast in May, 1539, hie well-appointed army was almost annihilated before he reached the Missis- sippi two years later. 1542. — DeSoto died at the mouth of the Red River, and, according to tradition, was buried in the waters of the Mississippi. The miserable remnant of his expedition descended the Mississippi to the Gulf in July, 1543, after enduring great hardships and privations. Thus does the dis- covery of the Father of Waters belong to the Spaniards, and no other record is in existence of white men visiting it until one hundred and thirty years afterwards. 1673. — At this date. Father Marquette, a rhissionary monk, and Sieur JolietTTrom Picardy, with a small party from the French possessions of Canada, entered the upper Mississippi region and descended it to below the mouth of the Arkansas and returned. French Take Possession. 1682. — April 9th, Robert, Cavalier de la Salle, then of Fort Frontenac, Lake Ontario, was the next to descend the great river, in company with Chevalier Henry de Tonty, an Italian veteran officer, under the patronage of Louis XIV. On the 12th of April, this year, LaSalle erected a cross end planted the arms of the French on the banks of the Mississippi near the head of the Passes, and thus took formal possession of the country in the name of his sovereign, Louis XIV., and after him called it Louisiana. 1687. — March 20th, LaSalle was assassinated by his own servants, on the Trinity River in Texas, in his attempt to find the mouth of the Missis- sippi and to colonize the country for France. 596 miscellaneous. Settlement by the French. 1699. — January — France did not attempt to colonize her territory until January of this year, when a company sent out under com m and of Iberville, which, among its two or three hundred, embraced the three Canadian brothers, Iberville, Sauvolle and Bienville, sons of Charles Lemoyne, landed from two brigs at the Indian village of Biloxi, Miss. Here, for many years, was the headquarters of the Louisiana colony. In February, Iberville and his brother Bienville, with Father Athanase, who had accompanied LaSalle, went in small boats to the Mississippi, which they ascended to the village of Bayougoulas, where the Indians handed ihem letters and other relics from LaSalle and Tonty, thence to Pointe Coupee, which 'they named, and to the mouth of the Red River. Return- ing they traversed Lakes Maurepas and Pontchartrain, naming the one after Count de Maurepas, who held office under their sovereign (and after- wards under Louis XV., and was lastly minister under Louis XVI.), and the other after the Count de Pou'tehartrain, who was Minister of Marine, under whom they served. December 7th of this year, another French fleet arrived, bringing the appointments of the brother Antoine Lemoyne Sauvolle as the first Governor of the colony, and the brother Lemoyne Bienville as the first Lieutenant-Governor. 1701. — July 22d, Governor Sauvolle and 150 of the colonists died of fever, leaving Bienville, a most worthy man, to succeed to the governor- ship. Grant to Crozat. 1712. — September 14th, Louis XIV. granted to Anthony Crozat, a millionaire in the East India trade, the exclusive commerce for fifteen years of this vast province, so unsuccessful had the management of the colony hitherto been. Lamotte Cadilac was appointed Governor. By the charter of Crozat, dated September 12, 1712, Louisiana, as claimed by France, embraced all the immense regions of the United States, from the Alleghany on the east, to the Rocky Mountains on the west, and from the great lakes of the north to the Gulf of Mexico on the south. John Law's Mississippi Company. 1717. — Crozat surrendered his charter and John Law was granted a charter under the name of the " Companie de L'Ouest," with a monopoly of trading in the colony. New Orleans Founded. 1718. — Bienville selected the site and founded the City of Nev/ Orleans. Louisiana Ceded to Spain. 17(52. — Xovember 3d, by secret treaty, Louisiana was ceded to Spain. Spaniards Take Possession. 1769. — August IStli, the Spaniards took possession. A rebellion hav- ing previously broken out was quelled by General OT?eilly, who was appointed Governor and Captain-General. miscellaneous. 597 Louisiana Retroceded to France. 1800. — October 1st, Louisiana ceded by Spain to France by the treaty of St. Ildephonso. France Cedes Louisiana to the L'nited States. 1803. — April 30th, Louisiana was ceded by France to the United States for $15,000,000. United States Take Possession. 1803. — December 20th, the Americans took possession and the new acquisition was designated as the Territory of Orleans, W. C. C. Clai- borne being appointed Governor. 1804.— Under act of Congress of March 26, 1804, the Territory of Orleans was organized and in December the first Territorial Legislatu!"e met. 1805. — The Territory was reorganized by act of Congress of March 2, 1805. Louisiana Admitted to the Union. 1812.— On April 8th of .this year, the Constitution of 1812 having been ratified, the Territory was admitted to the Union, and the name of Louisiana restored to it. War was declared between the United States and Great Britain. 1815. — January 8th, the battle of New Orleans was fought, and British defeated. 1845. — A new Constitution was framed, conforming to those of the neighboring States. 1852. — A new Constitution was adopted. 1860. — In November of this year Abraham Lincoln was elected Presi- dent of the United States, and then began the great sectional war between the Northern and Southern States of the Union. Secession of Louisiana. 1861. — January 26th, the Ordinance of Secession was adopted and the State joined the other States of the South in forming a government under the name of the Confederate States of America. 1862. — On April 29'th of this year Commodore Farragut, in connnand of the Federal fleet, having successfully passed Forts Jackson and St. Philip, took possession of the City of New Orleans. On May 1st, General B. F. Butler, in charge of the land forces, took command and appointed Brigadier-General Shepley Military Governor of the State. 1864. — January 11th, General N. P. Banks, having relieved General Butler, issued his proclamation ordering an election for a State Conven- tion to frame a Constitution. This convention made the Constitution of 1864. State ofiicers were" elected and installed, but their authority never was recognized beyond the Federal line. The war ended with these offi- cers in power, but Congress refused to admit Louisiana to the Union. 598 miscellaneous. Keconstruction Period. 1868. — ^A Constitutional Convention assembled in New Orleans, by virtue of the Reoonstruotion Acts of Congress, and adopted a new Con- stitution. Under this Constitution Henry C. Warmoth was proclaimed elected Governor of the State and served for the 'term of four years. Louisiana Readmitted to the Union. 1868. — 'Congress having approved of the Constitution of 1868, Sena- tors and Representatives were admitted to seats in Congress. Louisiana, like other Southern States, was cursed by "carpet-bag rule." Henry C. Warmoth and Willam P. Kellogg governed the State from 1868 to 1872 and 1872 to 1876, respectively. During the few years succeeding the civil war and 1877, the taxes were increased outrageously. The car- pet-baggers, scalawags and negroes plunged the State headlong into debt ; stole hundreds of thousands of dollars; openly bribed voters; debauched the negroes, of whom, some of the most bestted and ignorant, unable to read or write, were sent to the General Assembly to make laws for their former masters. 1874. — September llth — On tliis day was struck the first decisive blow to redeem the State from negro Republican rule, which had disor- ganized its internal affairs, plundered the Treasury and threatened social disruptioii. The citizens of New Orleans, asserting their rights to bold public meetings and bear arms, assembled, as 'the White League Organiza- tion, on the levee at the head of Canal street, under command of General Fred. ISr. Ogden. The Republican government, with the aid of the armed Metropolitan Police, under command of General A. S. Badger, endeav- ored to disperse them, but after a sharp and sanguinary conflict, resulting in the wounding of nearly two score and the death of a dozen men, were themselves routed and retreated to the Customhouse for safety. The result was ithe overthrow of the Kellogg Republican government, and the estab- lishment of a State Democratic government, with John McEnery as Gov- ernor. The United States Government intervened, marched its troops In the Sta'te House a few days afterwards, caused McEnery to surrender, and reinstalled the Kellogg government. This abominal riff-raff remained in power, and this saturnalin of crime and corruption enntinued until 1877 — w'hen they were swept from power and General Francs Tillou Ncholls, one of Louisiana's most chival- Tous S'Ons, was installed as Governor, and the work of redemption began, which, under successive Democratic rule, has brought the State to its pres- ent high stage of prosperity. 1870. — A new Constitution adopted and new State officers elected, with Louis Alfred Wiltz as Governor. 1898. — The present Consti'tution was adopted in 1898. MISCELLANEOUS. 599 THE PROVINCE OF LOUISIANA- THE PURCHASE. THE COST AND AREA OF THE LOUISIANA PURCHASE. The United States paid for this cession — Principal sum $15,000,000 00 Interest to redemption 8,529,353 00 Total , $23,529i,353 '00 Claims of the citizens of the United States from France under this treaty assumed by the United States in p^rt payment for the territory 3,738,268 00 Total $27,267,621 00 AREA. Square Miles. State of Alabama, west of Perdido and on the Gulf, below lati- tude 31° north, estimated to contain 2,300 State of Mississippi, west of Alabama, adjoining Louisiana on the Gulf, and south 31° north latitude, estimated at 3,600 State of Louisiana 48,720 State of Arkansas 53,850 State of Missouri 69,415 State of Kansas, all but southwest corner (estimated) 73,542 State of Iowa 56,025 State of Minnesota, west of Mississippi river (estimated) 57,531 State of Nebraska 77,510 State of Colorado, east of Rocky Mountains, and north of Arkansas river (estimated) 57,000 State of Oregon 96,030 State of South Dakota 77,650 State of North Dakota 70,795 State of Montana 146,080 State of Washington 69,180 State of Idaho 84,800 State of Wyoming 97,890 Indian Territory 31,400 Total area acquired *1,239,31S (The areas above for the divisions entire are taken from the latest *This article reproduced by permission of Secretaiy of State of Missouri. MISC!KLLANEOUS. 601 published figures (1900), and the areas for fractional divisions are taken Irom "The Public Domain," published in 1883 by the Government. Idaho, Oregon and Washington are included in above table, because the United States obtained possession of them indirectly through the treaty). POPULATION. The population of the Louisiana territory (including the States of Idaho, Oregon and Washington) in 1810 (seven years after the purchase), was less than 100,000; the same area to-day contains 13,833,988 — popula- tion for fractional divisions being estimated. THE PUECHASE OF LOUISIANA. The beginning of Jefferson's first term found the country threatened by the dangers and complications of an international struggle across tho water. Napoleon was engaged with plans hostile to England. Prance had obtained from Spain a secret cession to what was known as the Louisiana territory. The British Government was covetous of American territory and was interested in limiting the expansion of the United States to the westward. The United States Government had become seriously concerned over the question of the commercial outlet to the Gulf. Spanish officials at New Orleans were imposing restrictions which materially hampered the commerce of the Valley and which were tho occasion of bad feeling. Marbois was Napoleon's Minister of the Public Treasury. Napoleon needed money for his war budget. But of stronger influence with him was a policy which might cripple England. Under such conditions, President Jefferson opened, through Mr. Livingston, the American Minister to France, negotiations for the purchase of so much territory as would control the mouth of the Mississippi. The inspiration for this diplomacy was the increasing clamor of the people in the great Valley against the interference with American commerce on the river. To aid Mr. Livingston, Mr. Monroe, afterwards President, was sent as a special Ambassador. Napoleon met the negotiations with a counter proposition. Accord- ing to Marbois, who became the historian of the transaction, Napoleon said, in a conversation on the 10th of April, 1803, speaking of the pro- posed cession, with special reference to the desire of the British: "They shall not have the Mississippi, which they covet." Twenty days later the treaty had been consumated, and the great territory of Louisiana had been ceded to the United States for $12,- 000,000, and the assumption of certain claims amotmting to about $3,000,000 more. It was in commenting upon the accomplishment of the purchase that Napoleon remarked : "This accession of territory strengthens forever the power of the United States." •Or 787,403,520 acres. 602 MISCELLANEOUS. The secret treaty of St. Ildefonso, by which the territory passed to France from Spain, was made in 1800. It was known to the Government of the United States, but the actual transfer from Spanish to French authority had not taken place. The trouble from which American com- merce suffered was with the Spanish officials at New Orleans. President Jefferson, however, knew that the solution of the difficulty must come through negotiations with France. It is an interesting fact that in 1802 there sailed out of the Missis- sippi 158 American vessels, of 21,383 tonnage. This was the American commerce endangered. It was the arbitrary order issued on the 16th of October, 1802, by the Intendant Morales, "suspending the right of deposit" at the port of New Orleans, which created the outburst of indig- nation along the Mississippi, which prompted President Jelferson to enter upon the negotiations for the purchase of the territory. According to Marbois, Napoleon realized in some degree the magnifi- cent territory which he was transferring to the United States, He realized, however, that it was impossible for him to hold territory without sending a fleet and a strong force. He understood, also, that this transfer of Louisiana Territory to the United States would be the strongest blow he could deal to England. Napoleon met the offer of the United States to purchase the mouth of the river with this answer to his Minister, Marbois: "Irresolution and deliberation are no longer in season. 1 renounce Louisiana. It is not New Orleans only I will cede; it is the whole colony, without any reservation. I know the price of what I abandon. I renounce it with the greatest regret. To attempt to retain it would be folly." The treaty of the purchase was signed on April 30, 1803. Tho transfer at New Orleans took place a few months later. MISCELLANEOUS. 603 SUPREME COURT OF LOUISIANA. cLt^^<^L.-^ Hon. Thos. McC Hyman, Clerk Supreme Court. Jurisdiction. — The Supreme Court,, ex- cept in cases hereinafter provided, has ap- pellate jurisdiction only extendingio all cases where the amount in disputJ^r fund to be distributed, whatever may be the amount therein claimed, exceeds two thous- and dollars, exclusive of interest, and suits of divorce and separation from bed and board, and all matters arising tlierin. Suits involving alimony or for interdiction, or matters of adoption, emancipation, legiti- macy and custody of children. Suits in- volvng the rights to homesteads, and all cases where the constitutionalty or legality of any tax, toll, or impost whatever, or for any fine, forfeiture, or penalty imposed by a municipal corporation, shall be in contestation, whatever may be the amount thereof, and to all cases where in an ordinance of a municipal corporation or a law of this State has been declared unconstitutional, and in such cases the appeal of the law and facts shall be directly from the court where the case origin- ated to the Supreme Court; and to criminal cases on questions of law alone, whenever the punishment of death or at hard labor may be inflicted or a fine exceeding three hundred dollars or imprisonment exceeding six months is actually imposed. It shall have such original jurisdiction as may be necessary to enable it to determine questions of fact afi"ecting its own jurisdiction in any case pending before it; it has exclusive jurisdiction in all matters touching professional misconduct of members of the bar, with power to disbar. The Supreme Court and each of the judges thereof has power to issue writs of haheas corpus in all cases where it may have appellate jurisdiction. It has control and general supervision over all inferior courts, and power to issue writs of certiorari, mandamus, quo warranto, and other remedial writs. Cbief Justice, Francis T. Nicholls, of New Orleans; Associate Justices, Frank A. Monroe, of New Orleans; O. O. Provosty, of Points Coupee; Newton C. Blanchard, of Caddo; and Joseph A. Breaux, of Iberia. Eeporter, T. H. Thorpe, of New Orleans. Clerk, Thomas McC. Hyman, of New Orleans. Attorney General, Walter Guion, of Ascen- sion. Regular Terms — New Orleans, from 1st Monday in November to end of June. 604 MISCELLANEOUS. APPEALS RETURNABLE TO THE SUPREME COURT. At New Orleans, 1st and 3rd Monday of each month of the session, 1st Monday in November till the end of the month of Jime, from Orleans, Jefferson, St. Bernard, Plaquemines; and on 3rd Monday in January, from St. Charles, St. John the Baptist. Appeals from Caddo, Bossier, Webster, Bienville, Claiborne, Union, Lincoln, Jackson, Caldwell, Ouachita, Morehouse, Richland, Franklin, West Carroll, East Carroll, Madison, Tensas, Concordia and Catahoula, are returnable on the 2nd Mondays in May and December of each year. Appeals from DeSoto, Red River, Winn, Grant, Natchitoches, Sabine, Vernon, Calcasieu, Cameron, Rapides, Avoyelles, Pointe Coupee, West Baton Rouge, Iberville, St. Landry, Lafayette, Acadia and Ver- milion, are returnable on the 2nd Mondays in January, April and November of each year. Appeals from St. Martin, Iberia, Terrebonne, Lafourche, Assump- tion, St. James, Ascension, East Baton Rouge, East Feliciana, West Feliciana, St. Helena, Livingston, Tangipahoa, St. Tammany and Washington, are returnable on the 4th Mondays in March and November of each year. Appeals from St. Mary are returnable on the 4th Mondays of January, March, June and November of each year. Appeals Tried by Preference Summarily — Cases for divorce and separation, recovery of wages, salary, or compensation for personal or professional services, for payment of any bill, note, or other written unconditional obligation to pay money, all criminal cases, civil cases in which the State is a party, constitutionality or legality of any tax, or where its collection is delayed. Where right to public office is involved, involving distribution of money or property in hands of executors and other representatives of successions, or in hands of sheriff, public officers, receivers and garnishees, involving validity of wills, or where heirs claim to be put in possession of property, for expulsion of tenants, for payment of alimony, and from judgments upon awards of arbitrators, amicable compounders, or referees, and from judgments against sureties upon judicial bonds and injunction cases. Cases Truble During Vacation — Writs of certiorari, prohibition. mandamus, quo warranto, and questions certified from courts of appeal. DISTRICT COURTS. The District Courts, outside of the Parish of Orleans, have original jurisdiction in all civil matters where the amount in dispute shall exceed fifty dollars, exclusive of interest, and in all cases where the title to real estate is involved, or to office, or other public position or civil or political rights, and all other cases where no other specific amount is in contest, except as otherwise provided. They have unlimited and exclu- sive jurisdiction in all criminal cases, except as otherwise vested, and in all probate and succession matters, and where a succession is a party MISCELLANEOUS. 605 defendant, and in all cases where the State, parish, or municipality or other political corporation is a party defendant, regardless of the amount in dispute; to all proceedings for the appointment of receivers and liquidators of corporations or partnerships. They have jurisdiction of appeals from justices of the peace in all civil matters, regardless of the amount in dispute, and from all orders requiring a peace bond. Persons sentenced by Mayors or Eecorders shall be entitled to an appeal to the District Court. District judges have power to issue writs of haheM corpus to all persons in actual custody, in their respective districts. Cases in which punishment may not be at hard labor shall be tried by judge without jury. Cases where punishment may be at hard labor, may be tried by jury of five. Cases in which punishment is necessarily at hard labor, by jury of twelve, nine of whom must concur. Cases of which punishment may be capital, by a jury of twelve, all of whom must concur. Terms for Holding District Courts in 1901-1902, Fixed by Rule of Court. Under the Constitution of 1898, these courts are required to hold continuous session.s during ten months of the year. Parish. Acadia Ascension . . . Assumption AToyelles Baton Rouge East Bienville Baton Ronge West Bossier Caddo Calcasieu Caldwell Cameron Carroll, East. Carroll, West. Parish Seat. Crowley Donaldsonvllle Napoleonyllle . . MarksTllIe .... Baton Rouge. . . Arcadia Port Atllen Benton Shreveport . . . . Lake Charles. . . Columbia Cameron Lake Providence Floyd Dlst. 18th 27th 20th 14th 22nd 3rd 21st 2nd 1st. 15th 5th 15th J)th 7th Jury Term. Not fixed. Second Monday in February and August. Third Monday In January and July. First Monday In September and March. First Monday In January, April, July and Octo- ber. First Monday In September and March. First Monday In March and Sep- tember. Fourth Monday in January and June. First Tuesday In February and September. Fourth Monday In January and July. Tliird Tuesday In June. First Monday In January and July. First Monday In , March and Sep- tember. Court Term. Not fixed. Second Monday In June and April, and third Monday In December. Fourth Monday In Norein- her, March and May. Ten months In the year, from September 1st to June 30th. Continuous term from first Monday In October to July 31st. First Monday In October, ; November, January and May. First Monday In January, fourth Monday In May, first Monday In Nov. Fourth Monday In April and September, second I Monday in March and Nov. Continuous session from first Monday In Septem- bpr until June 30th each year. Continuous session In the three parishes for ten months in the year. Second Monday In April and November. First Tuesday In December. First Monday each month except August and Sept. First Monday In January, May, November. 606 MISCELLANEOUS. Parish. Catahoula Claiborne Corcordla De Soto Feliciana East. . Feliciana, West. Frrnklln Grant ^ Iberville IBe la .Tac ?9on Jeleraon Lafayette Lal'>urche. Parish Seat. Harrisonburg . ., Homer Vldalla Mansfield Clinton St. Franclsvllle. Winnsborough . . Dist. Colfax Plaquemlne . New Iberia Vernon . . Gretna . . . Lafayette . Thlbodeaux Lincoln. Ruston Llv igston Snrlngvllle Malison Tallulah Mo -ehouse Tiastrop . . Nai.chltoches . . . . Natchitoches . Orlfans n>w Orleans. .. Ou( chita Monroe PUqnemlne Point a-la-hache 8 th 3rd lOtb 12th 24th 24th 8th 13th 2l8t 19th 5th 28th 18th Jury Term. 20th 4 th 25tb 9th «th 11th 6th 22nd First Monday In Oct. and April. First Monday in April and Octo- ber. Third Monday In Oct. and April. Court Term. Fourth Monday in January, first Monday In Aug- ust. First Monday in March and Sep- tember. First Monday in every other month from October to June. Third Monday in October, November, December, Jan- j uary, February, March, j April, May, June, July. Seccind Monday In April, and first Monday in Oc- tobgr. First Monday in January, May and November. First Monday in March and Sep- tember. First Monday in April and Octo- ber. Fourth Monday in March and Sep tembec First Monday in January, May and November. First Monday in February, June and November. Fourth Monday In January, second Monday In May, fourth Monday in Nov. First Monday in [Second Monday in January, April. 2nd Mon- fourth Monday In June, day In Decem- ber. b irst Monday In February, fourth Monday In March, fiK,st Monday In May, fourth Monday in June, fifth Monday In Septem- ber, second Monday in NQvember, and third Monday In December. Second Monday in First Monday In January, March and Sep-, February. June and De- tember. cembcr, fourth Monday In April and October. When Judge or- ders- January and July. Second Monday in April. 1st Mon- day In October. First Monday in .Tune and De- cember. F-^urth Afonday in April. iiTd Mon- day in October. First Monday in April. 3 weeks, and 1 st Monday In October, 3 weekn. Ccntinuriiis session for ten months. All except June and July. All n^onths except August and September First Monday In January, second Monday in Feb- ruary, first Monday in ^'.T-'h. third Monday in May. first Monday in .spptembfr. second Mon- day In November Open at any time under the new law. Third Mondav In Novem- ber and March, fourth Afondav In .Tanuary and p'ch'-u.Try, third Monday in .Tnne. First Monday In January, May, June and Novem- ber, three weeks each ; first Monday in Febru- ary March. September and December, two weeks each. MISCELLANEOUS. 607 Parish. Parish Seat. Dist. Bipldes. .. Eer River. Rl bland. SaV'.ne. Alexandria Ccushatta RayviUe Many . . Bernard St. Bernard St. Charles. St. Helena. HahnvUle . Greensburg St. James Convent St. John Baptist 8 :. Landry 8;. Martin Edgard Opelousaa St. Martinsville. Bt. Mary Franklin St. Tammany. Tangipahoa. Tensas Terrebonne . Covington . Amite City. St. Jmeph. . Houma .... Union JFarmerTlIIe Vermilion . Abbeville Vernon . Leesvllle Washington Frankllnton Webster Mlnden Winn Wlnnfl«lrt . . Jury Term. 13th llt^ 7th 12th 29th 28tb 25th 27th 28th 11th 19th 23d 26th 25th 10th 20th 4th 17th 12th 26th 2nd 5th Court Term. First Monday in Jan. and July. First Fonday in February and October. First Monday in March and third Mon. in Sept. Third Monday in March and Sep tember. First Monday in January, March and July. First Monday In February, March, April, May, June, Oct., Nov. and Dec. First Monday in April, June and December. First Monday In May, sec- ond Monday in Decem- ber. Third Monday in February, and L»ecember and fourtli Monday In January, April, May, June, Octo- ber and November. First Monday in June and Nov. Fourth Monday in First Monday In May and September, 4th; December. Monday in Feb- ruary. First Monday In First Monday in January, November and March and July. May. ■ First Monday in March, third Monday in July. In session for ten months. j No fixed terms. First Monday in First Monday in November Jan. and March. and September. At discretion of the Judge. (.ontlnuous ten months. Txfij months' vacation fixed by Judge (generally August and September). Second Monday in Decem- ber, fourth Monday in Januaxy and April, and third Monday in June. First Monday In Third Monday In March- Jan. and fourth! and October. Mi^ndav In May. I First Monday InContinuous from Oct. Ist May and Nov. to July 1st. First Mondav In Third Monday In February, April and Oeto- second Monday in June. ber. I third Monday In Novem- ber and December. Continuous sir IContlnuous ten months. months. ' Vacation June and July. Second Monday In Will be in continuous ses- Oct. and April slon from second Mon- Second Monday In '< Oct. and March of each year. day in September until the Saturday before the second Monday of July. Fourth Mondav in Third Monday in May and March and Aug. fourth Monday in No- ! vember. Fourth Monday in Third Monday in December, Nov. and March second Monday in Feb- ruary and May. first Monday In July. First Monday in April and September, and third Monday In February and October. First Monday In November, Ma*- 'h and June. First Monday in Dec and June. Third Monday In Julv and Jan. 608 MISCELLANEOUS. TERMS FOR HOLDING CIRCUIT COURTS OF APPEAL IN 1901-1902. FmsT Circuit — Caddo, 1st Mondays in January and June. Bossier, 3rd Mondays in January and June. Webster, 1st Mondays in February and July. Bienville, 2nd Mondays in February and July. Claiborne, 3rd Mondays in Februai-y and July. Union, 1st Mondays in March and October. Lincoln, 2nd Mondays in March and October. Jackson, 3rd Mondays in March and October. Caldwell, 4th Mondays in March and October. Winn, 1st Mondays in April and November. Natchitoches, 2nd Mondays in April and November. Sabine, 4th Mondays in April and November. DeSoto, 1st Mondays in May and December. Red River, 8rd Mondays in May and December. Second Circuit — Ouachita, 2nd Monday in January and 3rd Monday in May. Richland, 4th Monday in January and 1st Monday in June. Franklin, 2nd Monday in February and 2nd Monday in June. Cata- houla, 2nd Monday in February and 3rd Monday in June. Concordia, 4th Monday in February and 4th Monday in September. Tensas, 2nd Mondays in March and October. Madison, 4th Mondays in March and October. East Carroll, 2nd Mondays in April and November. West Carroll, 4th Mondays in April and November. Morehouse, 1st Mondays in May and December. Third Circuit — St. Landry, 1st Tuesdays in January and June. Avoyelles, 3rd Tuesdays in January and June. Rapides, 1st Tuesdays in February and July. Cameron, 3rd Tuesdays in February and July. Calcasieu, 1st Tuesday in March and 2nd Tuesday in October. Ver- milion, 3rd Tuesday in March and 3rd Tuesday in October. Lafayette, 4th Tuesday in March and 1st Tuesday in November. Iberia, 2nd Tuesday in April and 2nd Tuesday in November. St. Martin, 4th Tuesday in April and 4th Tuesday in November. Acadia, 3rd Mondays in May and December. Grant, 1st Tuesdays in May and December. Vernon, 3rd Tuesdays in May and December. Fourth Circuit — East Baton Rouge, 1st Mondays in January and June. West Baton Rouge, 4th Mondays in January and June. Livings- ton, 1st Monday in February and 4th Monday in May. Tangipahoa, 2nd Mondays in February and July. St. Tammany, 4th Monday in February and 1st Monday in July. Washington, 1st Mondays in March and October. St. Helena, 2nd Mondays in March and October. East Feli- ciana, 4th Mondays in March and October. West Feliciana, 2nd Mondays in April and November. Pointe Coupee, 4th Mondays in April and November. Iberville, 2nd Mondays in May and December. Fifth Circuit — St. Mary, 1st Mondays in January and May. Ter- rebonne, 3rd Mondays in January and May. Assumption, 1st Mondays in February and June. Lafourche, 3rd Mondays in February and June. St. Charles, 1st Mondays in March and October. St. Bernard, 2nd Mondays in March and October. Plaquemines, 3rd Mondays in March and October. St John the Baptist, 4th Mondays in March and October. St. James, 1st Mondays in April and November. Ascension, 2nd Mon- MISCELLANEOUS. 609 days in April and November. Jefferson, 4th Mondays in April and November. COUKTS OF APPEALS IN COUNTRY PARISHES. Courts of Appeals (outside of the Parish of Orleans) except as hereinafter mentioned, have appellate jurisdiction only, extending to all cases, civil or probate, when the matter in dispute, or the funds to be distributed, exceeds one hundred dollars, exclusive of interest, and does not exceed two thousand dollars, exclusive of interest. Judges of the courts of appeals have power to issue writs of habeas corpus at the instance of all persons in actual custody, within their respective circuits. They have authority to issue writs of mandamus, prohibition, and certi- orari, in aid of their appellate jurisdiction, to certify to the Supreme Court any question or proposition of law on which they desire instruc- tion. JUSTICES OF THE PEACE IN COUNTRY PARISHES. In each parish (except Orleans) justices of the peace shall ha^e exclusive original jurisdiction in all civil matters, when the amount in dispute does not exceed fifty dollars, exclusive of interest, and original concurrent jurisdiction with the District Court, when the amount in dispute shall exceed fifty dollars exclusive of interest, and shall not exceed one hundred dollars exclusive of interest. It shall have jurisdic- tion over all suits for the ownership or possession of movable property, not exceeding said amounts in value, and suits by landlords for permis- sion of premises, when the monthly or yearly rent, or the rent for the unexpired term of the lease does not exceed said amounts. They have criminal jurisdiction as committing magistrates, and shall have power to bail in cases not capital nor necessarily punishable with hard labor. DISTRICT COURTS IN NEW ORLEANS. The Civil District Court in the Parish of Orleans is composed of five judges, and has original probate and civil jurisdiction in all cases where the amount in dispute, or the fund to be distributed, exceeds one hundred dollars, exclusive of interest, and in suits by married women for separa- tion of property; in suits of divorce or separation from bed and board, the nullity of marriage, or for interdiction, and in suits involving the title to immovable property, or to office, of civil or political rights, and in all cases, except as otherwise provided, where no specific amount is in contest, and appointment of receivers or liquidators of corporations or partnerships; and appellate jurisdiction from the city courts in the Parish of Orleans. The Civil District Court is open for all purposes from the second Monday of October to June 30th in each year, except holidays, and open all the year for probate, partition, and insolvency proceedings, granting of writs, orders, etc. District judges have authority 610 MISCELLANEOUS. to grant, at chambers, interlocutory orders, and conservatory writs, and executory process, homologating accounts, when not opposed; to order family meetings and homologate tiie proceedings, to issue probate orders, etc., and generally all orders relating to the settlement of successions, and the administration of tutor?. The Criminal District Court in the Parish of Orleans is composed of two judges, and has criminal jurisdiction only. The Criminal Court is open during the whole year. COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE PARISH OF ORIGANS. The court has exclusive appellate jurisdiction in all mattens, civil or probate, arising in said parish, when the amount in dispute, or fund to be distributed, does not exceed two thousand dollars, exclusive of intrrest. It has authority to issue writs oi mandamus, prohibition, certiorari, and habeas corpus in aid of its appellate jurisdiction. It is open from the second Monday in October to the last of June. All appeals are return- able on the second and fourth Monday of each month during the term. CITY CIVIL COURTS OF NEW ORLEANS. There are two Civil Courts in New Orleans. They have exclusive original jurisdiction if the amount in dispute does not exceed one hundred dollars, exclusive of interest, including suits for the ownership of immovable property, not exceeding the amount in value. Suits by landlords for possession of leased premises, or for rent for the unex- pired term of the lease when it does not exceed that amount, subject to appeal in all cases to the Court of Appeals, New Orleans. All appeals are tried de novo. The judges of said court shall have authority to issue marriage licenses, and celebrate marriage and execute commissions to take testimony. They are open the whole year. CITY CRIMINAL COURTS. There are two Criminal City Courts in New Orleans. They havo jurisdiction for the trial and punislmient, subject to appeal to the Criminal District Court, of all offenses against the State, where the penalty does not exceed six months imprisonment, or a fine of three hundred dollars, or both. The judges of these courts have jurisdiction as committing magistrates with authority to bail and discharge. MISCELLANEOUS. 611 KULES GOVERNING APPLICATIONS FOR PARDONS, ETC. Baton Kouge, La., July 3d, 1894. In order that we may act with a full understanding of the merits of all applications for executive clemency, and that ample opportunity may be given for the expression of the opinions and wishes of the individuals and communities interested, we have adopted the following rules for our guidance in the discharge of the duties imposed upon us by Article 69 of the Constitution. The cordial co-operation of the several judges through- out the State is earnestly solicited. 1. All applications for pardon, commutation of sentence, or remis- sion of fines or forfeitures, must be embodied in a petition setting forth the offense for which the applicant was convicted, the day of his convic- tion, the sentence and its date, and the reasons, considerations and facts upon which the application is based; and must be accompanied by a certified copy of the indictment, verdict and sentence. 2. Notice of the application must be given by ten days publication in a newspaper in the parish where the offense is alleged to have been committed. 3. Whenever the application is based upon material facts affecting the guilt or innocence of the applicant, sworn proof of such facts musi accompany the application. 4. The application must be first presented to the presiding judge, who is requested to endorse his recommendation, or refusal to recommend, upon the petition, together with a full statement of the reasons and con- siderations which prompt him to give or withhold his recommendation, and a statement of the facts affecting the merits of the application, to the best of his understanding thereof. 5. Persons opposing a pardon, commutation, or remission, must file a written protest, setting forth the facts upon which they base their opposition, supported by written proof. 6. All persons are requested to give us information as to all appli- cations for executive clemency, in order that we may not be compelled to act on insufficient and one-sided information in the performance of the disagreeable duty of passing upon them. R. H. Snyder, Lieutenant Governor. M. J. Cunningham, Attorney General. 612 MISCELLANEOUS. RULES RELATIVE TO EXTRADITION. Established by the Governor in issuing extradition warrants upon the requisitions of Governors of other States and Territories, and the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the District of Columbia, for the apprehension and rendition of fugitives from justice. UNITED STATES STATUTES AT LARGE. Section 5278. Whenever the executive authority of any State or Territory demands any person as a fugitive from justice, of the executive authority of any State or Territory to which such person has fled, and produces a copy of an indictment found, or an affidavit made before a magistrate of any State or Territory, charging the person demanded with having committed treason, felony or other crime, certified as authentic by the Governor or chief magistrate of the State or Territory from whence the person so charged has fled, it shall be the duty of the execu- tive authority of the State or Territory to which such person has fled, to cause him to be arrested and secured, and to cause notice of the arrest to be given to the executive authority making such demand, or to the agent of such authority appointed to receive the fugitive, and to cause the fugitive to be delivered to such agent when he shall appear. If no such agent appears within six months from the time of the arrest, the prisoner may be discharged. All costs or expenses incurred in apprehending, securing and transmitting such fugitive to the State or Territory making such demand, shall be paid by such State or Territory. EEVISED STATUTES OF LOUISIANA. Section 1038. When any person shall be charged on oath, of any credible person, before any judge or justice of the peace of this State of having committed any crime within any State or Territory of the United States, and has fled from justice, it shall be the duty of such judge or justice to issue his warrant for the arrest of such accused, and to proceed to the examination of such case, and commit or discharge the accused, as such judge or justice may determine, provided no person so accused shall be detained in custody exceeding ninety days. Sec. 1039. The Governor may, in his discretion, deliver over to justice any person found within the State, who shall be charged with having committed any crime under the Constitution and laws of the United States or any State or Territory. Sec. 10-40. Such delivery shall only be made on the requisition of the duly authorized, ministers or officers of the government within the jurisdiction of which the crime shall be charged to have been committed. MISCELLANEOUS. 613 and upon their paying all expenses attending the apprehension, confine- ment and delivery of the party accused. Sec. 1041. It shall be the duty of the Governor to require such evidence of the guilt of the person so charged, as would be necessary to justify his apprehension and commitment for trial, had the crime charged been committed within the State. Rule 1. The requisition should be accompanied by a certified copy of the indictment or affidavit and copies of all papers which were pre- sented to the executive authority of the State or Territory from which the requisition came. All papers should be certified by the Governor making the requisition to be authentic. 2. When the requisition is founded upon an affidavit, it is required that the facts constituting the offense be set forth in full, and as par- ticularly as in an indictment. 3. In case of false pretenses, embezzlement and other si miliar crimes, it should be stated by the prosecution, under oath, that the application is not made for the purpose of collecting a debt, nor for any private purpose whatever; that the only object is to punish the criminal and that they will not use him for the purpose of enforcing a civil remedy. 4. Proof by affidavit is required satisfying the executive that the alleged criminal is a fugitive from justice and that the ends of justice require a criminal prosecution for the protection of the public. 5. If the offense is not of recent occurrence, good reasons must be given for the delay in causing the arrest. 6. If the charge is forgery, an affidavit of the person whose name is alleged to have been forged must be produced, or its absence satisfactorily explained. 7. Proof under oath is required, that the fugitive is believed to have taken refuge in Louisiana, with statement of reason why such information is not verified by the person or persons possessing it. 8. It should affirmatively appear by the requisition that the offense charged is a crime in violation of the laws of the State or Territoiy invoking the demand. The constitutional right to demand and duty to grant extradition of fugitives from criminal justice should not be impaired or abridged; nor, , on the other hand, should it be perverted, distorted or abused. It is not the adjunct of civil process nor an aid in the prosecution of civil remedies, nor an agency to the collection of debts, nor a means for the enforcement of settlement under pressure of criminal prosecution. When extradition is invoked for private ends, to collect debts, to secure for- feiture of civil bonds, to recover civil damages, to bring absent persons within the jurisdiction of civil courts, all under false charges of embez- zlement, or of fraudulent transfers, or of selling mortgaged property, or of obtaining property under false pretenses, and the like, it is an abuse of this great adjunct of remedial justice. 614 MISCELLANEOUS. TEADE-MARKS, LABELS, ETC. ^.ct No. 49 of 1898.) AN ACT. To protect labels, trade-marks, terms, designs, devices or forms of adver- tisement, and to provide a penalty for violation thereof. Section 1. Be it enacted by the General Assembly of the State of LouisuLna, \\ henever any person, or any association or union of workmen, lias heretofore adopted or used or shall hereafter adopt or use any label, trade-mark, term, design, device or form of advertisement for the purpose of designating, making known, or distinguishing any goods, wares, mer- chandise or other product of labor, as having been made, manufactured, produced, prepared, packed or put on sale by such person or association or union of workingmen or by a member or members of such association or union, it shall be unlawful to counterfeit or imitate such label, trade- mark, term, design, device or form of advertisement, or to use, sell, offer for sale or in any way utter or circulate any counterfeit or imitation of any such label, trade-mark, term, design, device or form of advertisement. Sec. 2. Be it further enacted, etc.. Whoever counterfeits or imitates my such label, trade-mark, term, design, device or form of advertise- ment; or sells, offers for sale or in any way utters or circulates any counterfeit or imitation of any such label, trade-mark, term, design, device or form of advertisement; or keeps or has in his possession with intent that the same shall be sold or disposed of, any goods, wares, mer- chandise or other product of labor to which or on which any such coun- terfeit or imitation is printed, painted, stamped or impressed; or know- ingly sells or disposes of any goods, wares, merchandise or other products of labor contained in any box, case, can or package, to which or on which any such counterfeit or imitation is attached, affixed, printed, painted, stamped or impressed ; or keeps or has in his possession with intent that the same shall be sold or disposed of, any goods, wares, merchandise or other product of labor in any box, case, can or package to which or on which any such counterfeit or imitation is attached, affixed, printed, painted, stamped or impressed, shall be punished by a fine of not more than one hundred dollars or by imprisonment for not more than three months. Sec. 3. Be it further enacted, etc.. Every such person, association or union that has heretofore adopted or used, or shall hereafter adopt or use, a label, trade-mark, term, design, device or form of advertisement as provided in Section 1, of this Act, may file the same for record in the office of the Secretary of State by leaving two copies, counterparts or fac-similes thereof, with said Secretary and by filing therewith a sworn application specifying the name or names of the person, association or union on whose behalf such label, trade-mark, term, design, device or MISCELLANEOUS. 615 form of advertisement shall be filed; the class of mercliandise and a description of the goods to which it has been or is intended to be appro- priated, stating that the party so filing or on whose behalf such label, trade-mark, term, design, device or form of advertisement shall be filed, has the right to the use of the same; that no other person, firm, associa- tion, union or corporation has the right to such use, either in the iden- tical form or in any such near resemblance thereto as may be calculated to deceive, and. that the f ac-simile or counterparts filed therewith are true and correct. There shall be paid for such filing and recording a fee of one dollar. Said Secretary shall deliver to such person, association or union so filing or causing to be filed any such label, trade-mark, term, design, device or form of advertisement so many duly attested certificates of the recording of the same as such person, association or union may apply for, for each of which certificates said Secretary shall receive a fee of one dollar. Any such certificate of record shall in all suits and prose- cutions under this Act be sufficient proof of the adoption of such, label, trade-mark, term, design, device or form of advertisement. Said Secretary of State shall not record for any person, union or association any label, trade-mark, term, design, device or form of advertisement that would probably be mistaken for any label, trade-mark, term, design, device or form of advertisement heretofore filed by or on behalf of any othe" person, union or association. Section 4. Be it further enacted, etc.: Any person who shall for himself or on behalf of any other person, association or union procure the filing of any label, trade-mark, term, design, device or form of advertise- ment in the office of the Secretary of State under the provisions of thia act, by making any false or fraudulent representations or declaration, ver- bally or in writing, or by any fraudulent means, shall be liable to pay any damage sustained in consequence of any such filing, to be recovered by or on behalf of the party injured thereby in any court having jurisdiction and shall be punished by a fine not exceeding one hundred dollars or by im- prisonment not exceeding three months. Section 5. Be it further enacted, etc. : Every such person, associa- tion or union adopting or using a label, trade-mark, term, design, device or form of advertisemenf as aforesaid, may proceed by suit to enjoin th< manufacture, use, display or sale of any counterfeits or imitations thereof, and all courts of competent jurisdiction shall grant injunctions to restrain such manufacture, use, display or sale and may award the complaint in in any such suit damages resulting from such manufacture, use, sale, or display, as may be by the said court deemed just and reasonable, and shall require the defendants to pay to such person, association or union, all profits derived from such wrongful manufacture, use, display or sale; and such court shall also order that all such counterfeits or imitations in the possession or under the control of any defendant in such cause be delivered to an officer of the court, or to the complainant, to be destroyed. Section 6. Be it further enacted, etc.: Every person who shall use or display the genuine label, trade-mark, term, design, device or form of 616 MISCELLANEOUS. advertisement of any such person, association or union in any manner not being authorized so to do by such person or association, shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor and shall be punished by imprisonment for not more than three months or by a fine of not more than one hundred dollars. In all cases where such association or union is not incorporated, suits under this act may be commenced and prosecuted by an officer or member of such association or union on behalf of and for the use of such associa- tion or union. Section 7. Be it further enacted, etc. : Any person or persons who shall in any way use the name or seal of any such person, association or union or officer thereof in and about the sale of goods or otherwise, not being authorized to use the same, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, and shall be punishable by imprisonment for not more than three months, or by a fine of not more than one hundred dollars. Section 8. Be it further enacted, etc. : This act shall take effect and be in force from and after its passage. S. P. Henry, Speaker of the House of Representatives. Albert Estopinal,, President pro tern, of the Senate. Approved July 8th, 1898. Murphy J. Foster, Governor of the State of Louisiana. A true copy : John T. Michel, Secretary of State. FOEM OF APPLICATION FOR TRADE-MARK. To all Whom it May Concern : Be it known, that the , a corporation organized under the laws of the State of Louisiana, domiciled in the Citj of New Orleans, Parish of Orleans, and doing business in said city and parish, has adopted for its use a trade-mark for , of which two copies, counterparts or fac-similes, are herewith filed for record in the office of the Secretary of State, to-wit: This application is filed on behalf of the , aforesaid. The class of merchandise, and description of goods to which said trade- mark has been appropriated and is intended to be appropriated is the said has the sole right to the use of the sam^. No other person, firm, association, union or corporation has the right to such use, either in the identical form herein above described, or in any MISCELLANEOUS. 617 such resemblance thereto as may be calculated to deceive, and the fac- similes or counterparts herewith filed are true and correct. Thus done and signed at the City of New Orleans, this day of ,190 AFFIDAVIT. State of Louisiana, Parish of Orleans. — ss. , being duly sworn, deposes and says that he is the president of the , the applicant named in th« foregoing instrunent, and that the facts alleged in said instrument are true. Sworn to and subscribed before me, this day of , 190 Notary Public. 018 aii6Ci:lla.\i:ul's. LIST OF CITIES, TOAVNS AND VILLAGES Incorporated Under the Provisions of Act No. 136 of 1898. Alexandria, Town of iSepteiuber 25, l&yy. Alexandria, City of d anuary 15, lyul. Amite City, Town of Aovemoer i!7, 1900. Bernice, Village of December 7, 1899. Boyce, Town of May 26, 1900. 7irusly Landing, Village of October 1, 1901. Cheney ville. Village of d une 13, 1901. Ohurch Point, Village of J une 1, 1899. Covington, Town of (Amendment) J uly 3, 1900. Crowley, Town of J une 21, 1899. Delhi, Village of ^viay 26, 1900. Dodson, Village of .November 22, 1901. Durbach, Village of i mie 28, 1901. . Erath, Village of ipnl 24, 1899. Estherwood, Village of .larch 12, 1901. Franklinton, Town of (Amendment) j anuary 25, 1900. Grand Cane, Village of I une 29, 1899. Gueydan, Village of July 19, 1899. Hammond, Town of i."ebruary 13, 1899. Haynesville, Village of August 14, 1901. Homer, Town of (Amendment) September 17, 1901. Homer, Town of (Amendment) December 4, 1901. Houma, To^vn of fune 9, 1900. Jennings, Town of September 5, 1900. Jonesboro, Village of September 4, 1901. Lake Charles, Town of (Amendment) Aiay 11, 1899. Lake Charles, City of (Amendment) June 15, 1900. Lecompte, Village of September 12, 1900. Leesville, Town of February 15, 1900. Lockport, Village of May -10, 1899. Ji arthaville, Village of December 7, 1899. Mermentau, Village of yoveirber 11, 1899. Mer Eouge, Village of October 28, 1898. New Iberia, Town of (Amendment) February 13, 1902. Noble, Village of Alareh 12, 1901. Oberlin, Village of February 5, 1900. 011a, Village of August 1, 1899. Opelousas, Town of Decemljer 24, 1898. Plaquemine, Town of (Amendment) \ugust 9, 1899. Pontchatoula, Town of Tanuary 22, 1900. Ray ville, Town of TanuarV 4, 1901. Ruston, Town of h\\x 19, 1901. St. Francisville, Town of T^obniary 21, 1899. St. Joseph, Town of Fobruary 26, 1901. Springhill, Village of February 5, 1902. Tbi^ ndeni'x. Town of ^"arch 12, 1901. Vjdalia. T'^wn of ^^ay 6. 1901. Vivian. Village of qnrtpmbpr 3. 1901. '"^-■'sh. Town of ^fay 26, 1900. jIISCELLA-VliOUS. 619 LIST OF CITIES— Continued. Welsh, Town of (Amendment) August 6, 1900. Welsh, Town of (Amendment) March 30, 1901. West Monroe, Town of (Amendment) May 13, 1899. West Monroe, Town of (Ordinance) March 13, 1901. Wilson, Town of June 21, 1899. Winnfield, Village of June 8, 1900. LEGAL HOLIDAYS. Jan. 1 — New Year's Day. July 4 — Independence Day. Jan. 8 — Battle of New Orleans. Nov. 1 — All Saint's Day. Feb. 22 — Washington's Birthday. Xov. 25 — Labor Day (Orleans only). Mardi Gras — Shrove Tuesday. Thanksgiving Day. Good Friday. Dec. 25 — Christmas Day. April 6 — Decoration Day. Sundays. General Election Day. In New Orleans only : Saturdays are half holidays, public offices and banks closing their doors at twelve o'clock. • ■ 620 MISCELLANEOUS. COMMISSIONERS OF DEEDS FOR OTHER STATES IN LOUISIANA. Alabama I'red C. Marx New Orieana.La Arizona None New Orleans,La. Arkansas Wni. Armstrong New Orleans, La. Arkansas Benjamin Ory New Orleans.La. Arkansas M. C. Soniat New Orleans,La. Arkansas C. O. Wilcox New Orlean3,La. California M. C. Soniat New Orleans, La. California John G. Eustis New Orleans,La. Connecticut M. C. Soniat New Orleans,La. Delaware M. C. Soniat New Orleans, i^a. Florida John G. Eustis New Orleans,L,a. Georgia M. C Soniat .New Orleans, La. Georgia E.C.Marx New Orleans, La. Georgia Ben. Ory New Orleans, La. Illinois John G. Eustis New Orleans,La. Illinois M. C. Soniat New Orleans,La. Indiana M. C. Soniat New Orleans,La. Idaho None New Orleans,La. Iowa None New Orleans, La. Kansas M. C. Soniat New Orleans,La. Kansas J. D. Hagerty Washington, La. Maryland M. C, Soniat New Orleans, La. Massachusetts None New Orleans, La. Michigan M. C. Soniat New Orleans,La. Mississippi John G. Eustis New Orleans, La. Mississippi M. C. Soniat New Orleans, La. Mississippi F. C. Marx New Orleans,La. Missouri M. C. Soniat New Orleans, La. Missouri John G. Eustis New Orleans, La. Montana M. C. Soniat New Orleans,La. Nebraska M. C. Soniat New Orleans,La. Nevada M. C. Soniat New Orleans, La. New Hampshire M. C. Soniat .New Orleans, La. New Jersey John G. Eustis New Orleans, La. New Mexico None New Orleans, La. New York M. C. Soniat New Orleans, La. New York W. Morgan Gurley New Orleans,La. New York John G. Eustis New Orleans,La. New York Ed. H. Seymour New Orleans,La. New York Fred C. Marx New Orleans,La. New York Clifford M. Eustis New Orleans, La. North Carolina None New Orleans, La. North Dakota None New Orleans, La. Ohio John G. Eustis New Orleans,La. Ohio F. C. Marx New Orleans,La. Ohio M. C. Soniat New Orleans, La. Oklahoma None New Orleans,La. Pennsylvania M. C. Soniat New Orleans, La. Pennsylvania John G. Eustis New Orleans, La. MISCELLANEOUS. 621 Bhode Island M. C. Soniat New Orleaiis,La. South Carolina None New Orleans, La. South Dakota None New Orleans.La. Texas Leon Sugar Lake Charles, La. Texas John G. Eustis New Orlean3,La. Texas M. C. Soniat New Orlean8,La. Texas F. C. Marx New Orleans,La. Utah None New Orleans,La. Virginia M. C. Soniat New Orleans,La. West Virginia None New Orlean3,La. Wisconsin M. C. Soniat New Orlean3,La. Wisconsin John G. Eustis New Orleans,La. Wyoming None New Orleans, La. OOMMISSIONEBS OF DEEDS FOJa LOUISIANA IN OTHER STATES. TEJRM OF OFFICE, FOUR YEARS.— APPOINTMENTS SINCE MAY, vbtb. Commissioner. Domicile. Date. lOxpiration. Thos. W. Folsom New York City Aug. 11, 1898 Aug. 11, 1902 A. Pack Pontiac, Mich Oct. 13, 1898 Oct. 13, 1902 E.B.Ryan San Francisco, Cal Oct. 27, 1898 Oct. 27, 1902 J. B. Sawyer Pontiac, Mich Nov. 3. 1898 Nov. 3. 1902 M. A. Foote Chicago, Ills Dec. 28, 1898 Dec. 28, 1902 W. B. Gwyn Asheville, N. C Dec. 28, 1898 Dec. 28, 1902 H. S. Shreve Louisville, Ky Dec. 28, 1898 Dec. 28, 1902 C. S. Bundy Washington, D. C Dec. 28, 1898 Dec. 28, 1902 C. H.Adams Boston, Mass Dec. 28, 1898 Dec. 28, 1902 J. L. King San Francisco, Cal Dec. 28, 1898 Dec. 28, 1902 D. M. Redmund Osyka, Miss Jan. 9, 1899 Jan. 9, 1903 E. Jackson New York City Jan. 9, 1899 Jan. 9, 1903 J. A. Hillery New York City Feb. 20, 1899 Feb. 20, 1903 W. B. Adams Savannah, Ga Feb. 24. 1899 Feb. 24, 1903 C. B. Paxton Vicksburg, Miss March 4, 1899 March 4, 1903 Edwin T. Corey New York City March 16, 1899 March 16. 1903 E. A. Gladwin Middleton, Conn March 16, 1899 March 16, 1903 Hugh McClelland McKinney, Texas March 20, 1899 March 20, 1903 Joseph B. Bruman New York City March 30, 1899 March 30, 1903 Joseph A. Springer Havana, Cuba March 30, 1899 March 30. 1903 Herbert Morris Dallas, Texas April 8, 1899 April 8, 1903 Charls E. Mills New York City April 15, 1899 April 15, 1903 Murray Hanson Baltimore, Md May 13, 1899 May 13, 1903 Wm. E. Humphrey Chicago, Ills May 23, 1899 May 23, 1903 A. T. Holtzman Washington, D. C May 23, 1899 INIay 23, 1903 Robert Luck St. Paul, Minn July 11, 1899 July 11, 1903 Francisco G. G. Y. MoralesHavana, Cuba July 11, 1899 July 11, 1903 Geo. H. Corey New York City Aug. 2, 1899 Aug. 2, 1903 Edw. J. Jones Boston, Mass Aug. 21. 1899 Aug. 21, 1903 Alfred Mackay New York City Sept. 16, 1899 Sept. 16, 1903 Chas. D. Green, Jr St. Louis, Mo Sept. 27, 1899 Sept 27, 1903 E.W.King Havana, Cuba Oct. 17, 1899 Oct. 17, 1903 I. J. Pocher New York City Dec. 7, 1899 Dec. 7, 1903 A. R. Torrey Boston, Mass Dec. 9. 1899 Dec. 9, 1903 Louis Mariano de Bugua. . Cienfuegos, Cuba Dec. 16, 1899 Dec. 16, 1903 L. W. Cleveland New Haven, Conn Dec. 23, 1899 Dec. 23, 1903 W. Warner. Jr Philadelphia. Penn. . . . Dec. 16, 1899 Dec. 16, 1903 Lemuel P. Conner Natchez, Miss Dec. 26, 1899 Dec. 26, 1903 E. J. Graetz New York City Jan. 9, 1900 Jan. 9, 1904 John J. Toady New York City March 3, 1900 March 3, 1904 Hudson Carv Memphis. Tenn March 12, 1900 March 12, 1904 B. J. McCuilen Beaumont, Texas March 14,1900 March 14,1904 J. B. Ramsey Memphis, Tenn May 16, 1900 Mav 16. 1904 Wm. R. Johnson Galveston, Texas June 13, 1900 June l.S, 1904 W. H. H. Raleigh Baltimore, Md June 20, 1900 June 20, 1904 L. M. Lowenberg Vicksburg. Miss July 17, 1900 July 17, 1904 Jose Eugenio Marx Havana, Cuba Sept. 6, 1900 Sept. 6, 1904 H. R. Bovd Memphis, Tenn Nov. 1, 1900 Nov. 1, 1904 J. T. Strother Vicksburg, Miss.. Nov. 3, 1900 Nov. 3, 1904 622 MISCELLAiVEOUS. COMMISSIONERS OF DEEDS FOR LOUISIANA IN OTHER STATES. TEliM OF OFFICE, FOUU lEAilS. — Al'i' OJXT.UEATS SINCE MAY, 1898. Commissioner. Domicile. ijate. Expiiation. Geo. 11. Kiicliuer iJetioit, Micli l.ec. 11, lyOO Dec. 10, 1904 Geo. E. iii-yson iiavana, CuDa i-ee. 11, I'jou Dec. 10, 1904 n. H. l.eaveus Kansas City, .Mo Dec. 13, 1900 Dec. 13, 1904 O. W. Caicbiugs Vicksbuig, Jliss Dec. IS, 1900 Dec. IS, 1904 Gerard Urantlou Aatchez, Miss Dec. 18, 1900 Dec. IS, 1904 M. A. Herring St. i^aul, Minn Jan. 21, 1901 Jan. 21, 1905 F. S. Lawrence \ iclisburg. Miss Jan. 21, 1901 Jan. 21, 1905 I'.enj. F. liillery Mew Yorii City Jan. 22, 1901 Jan. 22, 1905 S. a. Goodale New Yorli City Feb. 16, 1901 Feb. 16, 1905 S. L. Wallcer Memphis, Tenu March 11, 1901 March 11, 1905 Thos. J. Hunt I'hilaaelphia, I'a Aprii 15, 1901 April 15, 1905 A. H. Fisher Baltimore, Md April 19, 19U1 April ly, 1905 C. 11. Hesse Baltimore, Md Aprl 20, 1901 April 2V, 1905 C. A. Johnson Los Angeles. Cal May 0, 1901 May 6, 1905 AVm, H. Black New York City June 10, 1901 June 10, 19U5 Geo. Mcledowle, Jr Belfast, Ireland June 12, 1901 June 12. 1905 Henry Balantyne New York City July 1, 1901 July 1, 1905 T. Howard Kmbert Baltimore, Md July 12, 1901 July 12, 1905 Chas. W. Wagner New York City July 24, 1901 July 24, 1905 Herbert M. Hyde New York City July 25, 1901 July 25, 1905 Wm. F. Robb I'ittsburg, I'a Sept. 9, 1901 Sept. 9, 1905 Marshall J. Gasquet New York City Sept. 25, 1901 Sept. 25, 1905 Leslie T. Carter New York City Sept. 27, 1901 Sept. 27. 1905 Vincent Rosemon New York City Oct. 4, 1901 Oct. 4, 1905 Harry Stucky Louisville, Ky Oct. 14, 1901 Oct. 14, 1905 Wm.^ Shillaber New York City Oct. 25, 1901 Oct. 25, 1905 J. T. Harrison Cincinnati. Ohio Dec. 9. 1901 Dec. 9, 1905 J. C. Norton St. Paul. Minn Jan. 23, 1902 Jan. 23, 1906 C. E. Everett Cincinnati. Ohio Jan. 25, 1902 Jan. 25, 1906 Geo. W. Hunt I'hiladelphia. Ta Jan. 30, 1902 Jan. 30. 1906 Wm. Waggener Vicksburg, Miss Jan. 31, 1902 Jan. 31. 1906 J. A. Peck St. Louis, Mo Feb. 26, 1902 Feb. 26. 1906 Geo. T. Knox San Francisco, Cal. . . . March 5. 1901 March 5. 1906 E. S. Parnell Tunction City. Ark March 13,1902 March 13,1906 S. L. Taylor fTiiladeiphia, Pa March 17, 1902 March 17. 1906 C. O. HaU Baltimore. Md March 24, 1902 March 24. 1906 A. W. Chamberlain New York City April 14. 1902 April 14. 1906 S. R. Miner Wilkesbarre, Pa May 5, 1902 May 5. 1906 MISCELLANEOUS. ' 62:? RAILKOADS IX LOUISIANA. Arkansas Southern Railroad Company. Chicago, St. Louis and Xew Orleans Railroad. East Louisiana Railroad Company. Houston and Shreveport Railroad Company. Iberia and Vermilion Railroad. Illinois Central Railroad (Lessee of the Chicago, St. Louis and New Orleans Railroad). Jackson Railroad. Kansas City Southern Railway Company. Kansas City, Watkins and Gulf Railway. Leesville East and West Railroad Company. Louisiana and Arkansas Railroad Company. Louisiana and Northwest Railroad C^inpany. Louisiana Southern Railroad. Louisiana Western Railroad. Missouri, Kansas and Texas Railway Con pany of Texas. Morgan's Louisiana and Texas Railroad and Steamship Company. Natchez, Red River and Texas Railroad Company. New Orleans Belt and Terminal Company. New Orleans, Fort Jackson and Grand Isle Railroad Company. New Orleans and Northeastern Railroad Company. New Orleans and Northwestern Railway. New Orleans and Mobile Railroad. (Operated by Louisville and Nashville Railroad Company.) New Orleans and Western Railroad C^ompany. (W. C. Dotterer, Receiver.) Pontchartrain Railroad. Shem^an, Shreveport and Southern Ra^'hvay Company. Shreveport and Red River Valley Railway Company. St. Louis, Iron Mountain and Southern Railway Company. St. Louis Southwestern Railway Company. Yazoo and Mississippi Valley Railroad. Texas and Pacific Railway Company. Vicksburg, Shreveport and Pacific Railway Company. 624 ^ MISCELLANEOUS. -do . . .-la . . .oj . . .do . .-••^■^ e^oo-i>o .oiOojosoi .• 05 1- S5 S 00 05 05 M" c31 00 05 * CD OS 05 '"' O Ci 05 Oi 00 00 ■'OO.-Cr-l 00 05 00 * rH 00 00 05 00 iH 00 05 00 00 r-l O50000a0r-l^ .rH »- i3S^Si3 3i35&C.S=2a;a!fta!DaSa;a*«2o=33fto 0-: .005 00O5O3 05 r-l 00 00 T-l Ift "-I £1 *? a o) ft a goo 05 5 00 ^_, a> ft 01 Ooo ..H 005100 O5 00O5C5 . >-( 0»H 05O rH« »-( oT . woo > u o s Seat D9 a © o" o eSrtp, rteS«aoJj_iijrtoJeaeaos2!'2rOOOO"»OB • • t^ tH tH t< o o t^ t. I- t, t,^fri_.i JS_.z.z:„„ s ►> t. "o ft a, m ft ftn ft cOrtOOOO'^ ftn oooo'^^'-''-'-^'-''-''Wririri o 00 OS O O I W H O <1 a "O o o o-r ft o fc to ft N ^ S?: K H ?; ?: Z X V -y. -y. " < ■ o a' 0^ 0; ^ > > > ir. Tf: Tf: 3 S c c 'ft.2§« ;^ O) o >l-5r« bJ a; 4) „ ^ . 2S2 O M « o « o o ->.^ 0-3 t- o ■-, o ^ 03 3 p ©<« a fl » ^ <<-<^ ? a.9 > DtCJ w PS 5 S o c c a S fl a a c ^ ^ CS C3 oj od o "r; w ~ o o *3 ci ^ © » 2<»M . * © ■H.-aca <-- .kj _a — ftj:3 Eh Eh a a Oi'JB m to _ MM ^ ooag 'HE M' .a .a w oca to to Q 55o a a a a a a d ^ Oj Oj CEJ cd C O 'O O U CJ tn 05 a a Ch OS o! ogOO ' ^ L^ t^ L. ©> t/. M = of! oj — a • o • s © "5 •* s ^ Is ^u lA d tn • O O M ftog 01 to tn-<.^ B a ■a^asaaasaaaa aj oi oJ to to CO a s a s; 2 « ja.a^ a a t.1 <; < < < <; ^ > >-. cd o © • au ; Mm • a a o a) • •" a tK^ a ^.2 2 5 'i *H >-• to " ^ ■" „ "Sj 5 a,. OJ to (j-3 ej .a — 'e OJ - t, t. a a''^ cJ c3 o; ^^ o o U iS ^i-i 01 S " J* a tot ■c o & ' o o © K«03 lO05t-t-l005>-t~lft-*C]O)'*rHC505"t-00«^X'HmC-*M 1-i r-t fH'M rH »-. >> 'o eS Oi to a a 03 . OOrt rH O .05 M rH ^>. 5 3 K5 >-> • 0> _ OB BQ . 0) GO Co 83 > m4 ^ ^ ca 00 catnoQcnmcoo!! . .ojoi *aja)aja;wacda)c^V W. 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Ma p »y p^ 5 a ft o ,g a t. 9aaS5 7 --, 2i a ft j^ -i_> ai-1 ci*" c— o S'-'-uM — ft ft ft*^ a > 3 > a ^ 9 ^ 9-Z! J cSi a 3 a * a; +2 a 2 o ^ .^ -i; ci - O * O: f-5 a: X :^ r^ I^ >• J3 OS Miscellaneous. 655 O o w I— I p O Hi I— I cc PQ i-^l < O I— I H < o H CO S l-H K CO •«< B »; CO « o EH 2; Ph O Q OOOOOOOOOOOOCOOCCCCCCCCCCCCC OOOOOOOOOOOOCOOCCCCCCCCCCCCC oooooot-ooooooooccccocccccccc looooooTOOoooocooccococccL-occc iMlOOOLOlO^lOClOOWOOOCCOCOCL-irtClCCCC O j; 0) o ?, >. S 3 c o o g >. a) o a ^ t^ bci >■■ a a: O d Si "a J aj c — •s!^ ^^__H-^-J ss.isl|ll5ll be o si 1-5 ►JI-7 QJ a),.«> .a ® -1. ■S^ ,^ £ *= 5! s- !-■ E >T- E ni • b^. (-1 ■ ?tl> o d « • d • o a^ o tl^ tie' S . . a>. • S>>d . . . a,' a^ P-E C a: CS s o S 3 O M JCEH flf^pr: ^ssg?^5&."SS£9=-3gs 3 0. • t- • -0} OJ . o w . a; dT d "--K "5 2~£ d o c-c '" P « a " rt-CO fc >. • a ■ o • t) • ,d a) . 3 !» i2 C H -2 ^ H z K O tri iJ C £: h^ I-:" d -si 1-; K 1^' »^ >? K a :^ ^ ° d 3 "W H-tS-iJ • - a) •_ea 3 ~ d a) — ^ 3 d-r-2 a; a> S o 5 d a o u m 99 0) CD a> MMWroCOEOWW . . . • • • • ' • t- tH iH -, cd oj ^ l^^^^ c d & fe fe ^ fe & & & ^ &S £ £ £ £ S oCCCCCCOC'-'- «^ g S ^ g > m M .7; -000 (» >< g ^ 2 '>_;=*""' ;^3-=c •"d^-S-;§ca"-S"^""-'" 5^{j3cd^ o3«'rc3'^ '^^^^ci'-lrt P4 '^'~" (-' ^'"^'■jrffllS-*— - "t: ■" 'T c - "^S •- ,K- l-l " O 0: -. cj CS 4^ CS x .^ 3 3 Oj d c3 /<, .2 /^ sj e« 5 fi rt j_, Z^ Z :j a +J 4-> oJ -U a) T. w VJ 'r: 'J .::: .z ci .- rt ' rr C ^ +- oj ^ CS Oj Cj d d a 3 3 o_o o o o 5 +J Tj z; '-C 5j 53 ei rt rt ;z;ZZZ2^ 4-» +J -tJ -*-> -l-> 01 50 « CO 75 ;-! b ;^ ■„ ;. fc< S S S S ::: £ S £! £ >^ S 5 C 5 s k2 :^ K 5 c . — aj ■Zee oiiK c o C r ci — -^ — STATE BANKS. Capital Stock ludividual Deposits Surplus paid in. not bearing interest. Fund 1 Bank Of Abbeville $ 40,000 00 $ 236,928 02 ? 15,000 00 2 City Savings Bank of Alexandria. 12,500 00 3 Kapides Bank of Alexandria 90,000 00 755,524 08 40,000 00 4 Bank of Amite City 22,000 00 52,187 57 2,750 00 5 Bank of North Louisiana 25,000 00 100,355 76 1,316 28 6 Bastrop State Bank 50,000 00 99,658 24 7 Bank of Bernice 10,575 00 32,732 29 8 Bank of Baton Rouge 50,000 00 607,893 63 150,000 00 9 La. State Bank of Baton Rouge. . . 75,000 00 150,488 10 10 People's Sav. Bk. of Baton Rouge 10,850 00 2,500 00 11 Merchts & Planters' Bk. of Bunkie 25,000 00 98,123 23 12 Breaux Bridge Bank 13,350 00 14,425 01 13 Bank of Clinton 15,000 00 107,077 50 1,250 00 14 The Cheneyville Bank 12,500 00 79,836 24 15 Bank of Colfax 15,000 00 50,155 75 16 Bank of Coushatta 15,000 00 80,887 12 17 Bank of Covington 15,000 00 80,068 11 3,000 00 18 Crowley State Bank 50,000 00 176,629 54 25,000 00 19 Bank of Acadia 45,000 00 101,056 95 5.000 00 20 Bank of Ascension 30,000 00 217,208 55 15,000 00 21 Bank of Donaldsonville 50,000 00 220,775 33 20.000 00 22 People's Bank of Donaldsonville.. 30,000 00 100,998 04 5,000 00 23 Eunice State Bank 15,000 00 20,417 84 24 St. Mary Bank 50,000 00 200,092 00 12,500 00 25 Bank of Gueydan 15,000 00 50,740 59 26 Bank of Hammond 10,000 00 16,183 80 27 Hammond State Bank 12,000 00 60,239 18 2,500 00 28 Haynesville State Bank 11,000 00 23,730 06 29 Bank of Houma 50,000 00 107,362 90 8,750 00 30 People's Bank of Houma 50,000 00 145,668 48 2,000 00 31 Bank of Jeanerette 30,000 00 106,276 54 4,000 00 32 Citizens' Bank of Jeanerette 25,000 00 144,176 14 2,000 00 33 Citizens' Bank of Jennings 50,000 00 343,717 50 6,000 00 34 Jennings Banking and Trust Co 50,000 00 64,076 58 35 Bank of Lafayette 25,000 00 87,946 76 2,000 00 36 The Lake Providence Bank 15,000 00 98,139 18 1,275 00 37 Bank of Leesville 11,000 00 69,359 50 250 00 38 The Citizens Bank of Leesville 14,500 00 22,899 86 39 Bank of DeSoto 20,000 00 52,290 14 40 The Sabine Valley Bank 12,500 00 32,175 45 41 Avoyelles Bank of Marksville 30.000 00 111,957 91 400 00 42 Bank of Minden 35,000 00 228,874 85 13,500 00 43 Merchts & Farmers' Bk. of Monroe 100,000 00 244,811 16 11,000 00 44 Bank of Morgan City 25.000 00 109,080 04 45 Bank of Assumption 25,000 00 94,674 45 46 Bank of Napoleonville 30,000 00 200,887 86 10,000 00 47 Exchange Bank of Natchitoches.. 25,000 00 214,249 80 48 State Bank of New Iberia 50.000 00 159.979 42 8,000 00 49 Algiers Savings Bank 30,000 00 35,862 31 50 Canal Bank of New Orleans 1,000,000 00 4,280,394 08 50,000 00 51 Citizens' Bank of Louisiana 380,200 00 975,944 30 52 Germania Savings Bank 100,000 00 53 Metropolitan Bank of New Orleans 250.000 00 772,26? 74 2,707 45 54 Morgan State Bank 100,000 00 190,921 98 55 People's Bank of New Orleans 250,000 00 1,177,61106 8,932 87 56 Provident Savings and Safe De- posit Bank 100,000 00 145,334 25 57 U. S. Safe Deposit and Sav. Bk. . 100,000 00 58 Teutonia Bank of New Orleans... 100 000 00 200,075 39 59 Bank of New Roads 20,000 00 144,103 58 500 00 60 People's State Bank of Opelousas. 16,300 00 239,496 33 6,000 00 61 St. Landry State Bank 50,000 00 318,.S74 16 62 Bank of Patterson 25,000 00 82,862 78 7,500 00 63 Bank of Plaquemine 50,000 00 146,511 53 25,000 00 64 People's Bank of Plaquemine 50,000 00 123,481 67 500 00 65 Ravne State Bank 15,000 00 136,279 15 7,500 00 66 Lincoln I'arish Bank 25,000 00 57,365 53 67 Ruston State Bank 50,000 00 248,886 37 25,000 00 68 Merchants' and Farmers' Bank of Shreveport 100,000 00 641,756 63 2,500 00 69 Bank of West Feliciana 25,000 00 124,279 49 14,000 00 70 Bank of St. Martinsville 40,000 00 98,012 95 2,000 00 71 Bank of Lafourche 25,000 00 241,600 94 17,500 00 72 Bank of Thibodaux 50,000 00 278.472 36 15,000 00 73 Washington State Bank 20.850 00 60,838 71 2,000 00 74 Bank of Whitecastle 15,000 00 81.547 02 300 00 75 Bank of Winnfield 10,850 00 37,905 14 76 Bank of Lockport 15,000 00 30,972 50 Total .$4,500,975 00 $17,244.171 00 $556,931 60 Miscellaneous. 657 4) a (d 03 fM 5 00^0 55555555 55555 0000 s u a 04 OQ Oh S O o PS p OS a o ■M ed u O ^3 > © aj a; (» C3 ■O -1-5 tc o S *> : ^0«J ■ d b • O as - O) o a MS S . ,■ W) • •►a.' * EC ^ a M . 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CO XI oj o cA OM aB-?'?:3H&;d§'^*K ■ e] O • >, Ho o » ■ to fc O ^ o a; rt ajta o o 5 o' CU d' • *»> >.d -ii P O O o d d" So. id'—' ^^ ^Jd^5 "trll— 1 3 >5-2 a 4) "3 o O 4) _, d a tj d — -t^ J 2 o o ^ d ftto — < o ^ k2SS ?J o J o • dtH^O ■ d >■ cs • (U i^ ;; a: a; b-' ^ -^ a 'ti ^ d'-'j r-J.-- UJ 0) 0) H 1-1 -; •- ~ iS ^ d -_ d o'^ d 3 . ^2 t^M ^ & u r; d OJ a) cd • >. . +-» . — £5 M '^ ii d -" •" d t>'a 3 d o d o d 0) ^ !h a; d o O w a>0 u^ d 0) td o •-' d ° d 3 d d a>>-i m od~^ s S d '^^ '-'-d d - d o oi dlS 3" d.' 658 Miscellaneous. 2 • 'u (=1 §^ 3 CI o •--' •r; v> > Cl 03 c3 o o <3 .a i g 2 M 03 -^ 4- O Pi ■+-> ns fcc'S O '73 ^; o u CJ w Q t-H Q <1 H <^ < 1— ( i— I o q-i o S9 (1) 0) o .2 cd tn PM 5 a < "3 a o d 2; ooo'^ooooo a>va>cda)a>aia>o a-w a (u a 0) t' . ~ oj a>-" a— ■ sQ^ajpi «.ii 5-^-^0 o O 3 K^ja o aaflUaaaoa OOO^OOOOO o a ^ "' 0) ed 1 a in o u M "^ "^ r- .^ ^ n T^ erf q^ eg 01 >i'w ° Oj O — C ? aJ '^ 2 «j S a a ^ ^ f-5 a 3 oj oi 2 y s 1 1^ « X' 02 H H OS « a O fa O H Z o o H O 2: « H S <^ Q Z aaaadciaflfla ajaJuaja^a;ajaj;Z2;Z2;x;2;2 Oh 1.* 0)^ a oj^ ■a +-> ^ 01 .a -i-t 0)23 — ^ «^-^— * iH 01 . 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O 01 oj 01 j3 jj .9 OJ 72 iZ! -W §.9 -a +-1 a a- 9i . 01 Cd— ^ H^ wJ t ■-3 a fa±; rt a — ' 01 ->-) " a 0) taoO a^ 3 c .r eiC d 3 rj 01 o m i»S •5.-- '3 St* g-a 01 01 a; S HHfafcfaO Miscellaneous. 659 aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa Qjcdc^cjcd^^^cj^^cj^^^ojc^ ^cdcj^cicjc^cdcj^^cd^aj cjcjcj tied 00000000000000000000000000*000000000 : B . o . d . ^ .■<5 -tJ • .J * s o^§ M o S O o ^ i^ ^ -^ r- oj S <^ * ^ > Cm I ^ d ^ "^ -i-J fH t-l aj oj a> tl •a +-> 'I O fa 0) ■«2 a o .2 M S<1 a a "CO ■M +J a a be 61) to !»" a n KO - . a; m OEh«J oj ed M o . .'* O) •CO ,,„> u u wT- 0) 0)-- -. o ? ^ . .5 "J o s w-fl 3 o . . 3 ™ •M . +J -!_» "^ ■*-* •*^ ^ oSaocsOuo c S 53 SgjCo| ^ ^co^^ d 0) 0)^ *J ;;- O ©■ ye '■S - eS . _ Cu>H d — d'O I CS o -tJ d ^ a^— - >^ d -Ok^ Mc3 U;f^ a O ? « .— fa S O — O -; CMpqCfLiZKCCOZiy >0^ "S-d o o 3ou aZC5 © d ©HI m d i "d-^i t-i o t4 faS^as d d d d e3 ti oi nS'O aaaaj5 tri u ^ :-! • a> a> o) aj 00000 o5 O © • 03 O 2 d di; o © QJ ^a © • a ; d ■ a;0 .© ,o«^ "^ a) S g.s5 ®, d S M , rr-i »<=» — ' o ^© d . I— ( 71 £5 V. a) p w © a;^ 0) " o§§ -OEl, d ?■ g > o dot! I* d I1 03333 »3 t»i b o.t; . -^ a o • "O "" "rt " d u S 03O -oSScSZ «i d a)_ t- 03 •- d fa "= fa a a3 03 03— c -2 03 -< 03 d rt-r 03 d o S 4) p O" 03 © Oj • . 3 d c ~ id - K a 'S d 03 03 d o 03^ j: d't^»5 ::| d-< d cs . £; "^ -"Ofa ^ d d 03 03 ,50 f'?^:s d 2 d ^5* OJ >. 0> .C:^ rH ^ o c 2; - . « ^ -t-J Kf a . k-^ OJ © dU m d d K hH *^ n <; H- Ul ■a d a) fa d fa 43 03 fee fa 03 n oJ ai d y. .5 66o Miscellaneous, CI O (1) <+H ^ o CQ h^ ^ 0) O 03 m I— I P O O Em fc O H 1— ( '"I CM o u H a '"I e Q -< H I— ( fa Q <] fa O 09 0.3 a to < ft u a @ g -< z u u tH 1-. 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TiCZ, O— -- O^ O o 0) O oO a ej o5 •^ a ^-"^ O w a -SHI' a a a(5~ <3 ' a) *- \ax: S i _rt +; +^ _C g Ct- " o o .2 • C eiS a ■ -- t^>-< •e c „, pO K © ^, "^ §£« r ^ C ** w

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CO c a m CO a a 03 03 in » a =3 cS oji- 0) Oj - W CO s a rt 03 ;C C C C C O OO CC C OO O O C^ ^ ti/ CJ C^ zzz zz C C a> ^ > g CO c a; 'Z o a o 55 = « ■a •/2Ph a M 0. a y — 71'^ ;.fcs.5f&: - 0) . t^ S a n ^=a fe cd ci •:; C W W ^ l;^ a— 5 =J 2 o " 03 o oii C 0) o o tODS K ^ d o O 5 C3 t- iH - ^ <-. z z Z,^ " ■::■ X '^ •' o c3-r ^ Z „ .. ^OoijuJ .^ — ca 4^ a K. ►^ a a a a o c ua c« 03 So, 5&=a KZe^E O hr-- a • 03 ad g^a O l* oj t-lZK -a .a '.^a° I o a a> o 63 tz_;M 55 55 o o ZZ o o ZZ 03 S O ±i O • O *^ vj a 2^0— *o a'S5^4j'3o®o gfa^fi-^-c^a aa fc-jx: =&i; Oc3 tKCjJXOoS hJa:Z~Ca!:HZK o U .Oju-i; oj C Sr: a 0) a ti-O ^ _ k5 £ 03 >_: a S 2 a a o) a _o _ . a a '^ O to »* 3p:S 2a; £'<1 so a 03 dS «! b3~ fc. -i^CafliJaa'c; aa:t:oaj:: a >-a _^ Oj a rg si 02 « 3 ei a ^ i!Lj ci a ,«0'0 = _ -*-- -^-J T; C M ^ it| S o a a o , oi & «! *; 03 SSZ o go a a> OSa i:^= 03 «^ rr == »4 Cg _4 O'C a — •3 1-1 ■|-^ _ c3 a 03 "C— O 3 O) — 3 as<: '^'^ ac 0) O) o o3 — — -^ ZZOJh&-E^02 a "C " * o M o; o a"^ ^ ^ d . B. Claiborne. . . . J. A. White. Confederate Vets. . . Chas. J. Batchelor. Lees Creek P. . . . . Smithland Martin Williams . . Rev. R. H. Prosser J. K. Johnson. W. W. Mains. Miscellaneous. 663 GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC— DEPARTMENT LOUISIANA- MISSISSIPPI. (Department Officers 1901-1902 — Headquarters New Orleans, La, Charles W. Keeting, Commander Box 1724, New Orleans R. B. Baquie, Assistant Adjutant-General Box 1724, New Orleans Roster of Department. POST. Jos. A. Mower W. T. Sherman. . . . Cyrus Hamlin Abraham Lincoln. . Jennings Chas. W. Cady Andre CalUoux C. J. Bassett U. S. Grant John H. Crowder. . Phil. H. Sheridan. . Oscar Orillion Ellsworth Ransom R. B. Elliott Robt G. Shaw. . . . M. R. Delany Farragut E. D. Edwards Parson Brownlow. . John A. Logan Greenville O. P. Morton Custer Dan Ullmann General Steel T. W. Stringer R. B. Hayes Fred. Douglass James Lynch Lake Providence. . . General Phelps. . . . Jefferson General Canby Duncansby Fairchlld William McKinley. . Plaquemine Osterhaus R. B. Beck Ebenezer Gen. W. W. Dudley. General Allen Vandergriff Henry Wilson G. H. Thomas Leland B. P. Butler U. B. Pearsall Charles E. Sherman O. J. Dunn No. COMMANDBK. 1 2 3 4 6 8 9 10 U 12 13 14 15 16 ]7 18 20 21 00 23 24 2.T 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 3.0 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 4.5 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 William L. Jarvis. . . . R. W. Jones James A. Knight.... Sandy Brown IH. S. Williams IWilliam P. Young. . . 1 Robert Smith |W. B. Barrett I Thomas Poree I John Pierce I Frank Burtis IWilliam Walker I Preston Smooth I James Newton |N. A. Anderson I Paul Bruce I Joseph Drozin |R. H. Isabelle I Isaiah Kelly I Henry Hunter IM. Tolbert I P. T. Jackson ! Reuben Elmore I Henry Rivers !Adam Metcalf (Eugene Fields ' |H. Ballard |>forrison Sh'^nherd. . . IThomas Tindle I William Booze 1 Charles Johnson I Samuel Brown 10. P. Petersen I Scott Brown ir. W. Wilson I J. Slnby Davidson... (Edward Landry (rharles Philomene. . . (John W. Chase (Philip Bias Levi Shillcut George Hamlin Hopkins Brown Ebenezer Bryan Philip Green G. H. Hill Samuel Guess Timothy Aikens Henry Grant Eugene Castillo Philip Gray I ADJUTANT. M. A. C. Hussey. . . . Lee Davis Hampton Felder. . . Charles Brown . . . . H. T. Miller Charles Morgan. . . . R. B. Baquie Henry Nickens August Pierre Samuel Webb James Pearl J. L. Dupart Oscar Pilman Louis Mackel F. H. Ballard LOCATION. Samuel Smith John H. Jackson. . . Brisco York Perry Lloyd Washington Gray.. Solomon Henderson. Tyler Cox C. Lyons John Scott Edward Butler David Hebrew Henry Lewis Stephen Kvle S. L. Roan Martin Kennedy... Julian Martin E. A. Hubeau Rial Henney S. J. Thompson. . . . Louis Richardson.. Winton Stewart. . . . John Celestine J. Gumby Daniel Harney Cain Griffin Douglass D. Hill. . . Washington Bayade S. Ames P>. H. Johnson R. W. Allison New Orleans, La, Shelby, Miss. Baton Rouge, La. Thibodeaux, La. Jennings, La. ! Jackson, Miss. New Orleans, La. New Orleans, ].a. New Orleans, La. New Orleans, La. New Orleans, La. New Orleans, la. New Orleans, La. Natchez, Miss. Vicksburg, Miss. New Orleans, La. New Orleans, La. New Orleans, La. Vicksburg, Miss. Vidalia, La. Natchez, Miss. Greenville, Miss. ; Morgan City, La. Port Hudson, La. Chatham. INIiss. Jesuits' Bend, La Bovina, Miss. Waterproof, La. Warrenton, Miss. I't. Gibson. Miss Lake Prv'ce, La. Lafayette, La. Gretna, La. Houma, La. Duncansby. Miss. Bavou Goula. La. Port Allen, La. Plaquemine. La. Edwards, Miss. Omega, La. ' Ebenezer, Miss. Fayette, Miss. Glen Allen. Miss. Summit, Miss. Alexandria, La. Darrow, La. Jacques Darensbury Boutte, La. Willie Smith Franklin, La. Francis Richard i New Orleans, La. 664 Miscellaneous. LOUISIANA DIVISION UNITED SONS OF GONFEDEiRATE VETERANS. Headquarters 1901-1902 — Baton Rouge, La. Division Commander — W. M. Barrow, Baton Rouge, La. Division Adjutant and Chief of Staff — A.E.Rabenhorst, Baton Rouge. Division Inspector — Henry H. Clark, 628 Canal St., New Orleans, La. Division Quartermaster — Joseph St. Martin, Donaldsonville, La. Division Commissary — L. H. Marrero, Jr., Gretna, La. Division Judge Advocate — Loys Charbonnet, New Orleans, La. Division Surgeon — Dr. Kittridge Sims, Donaldsonville, La. Division Chaplain — Rev. Louis Tucker, St. Francisville, La. Aid-de-camp — E. O. Lalande, Napoleonville, La. Aid-de-camp— Hugh Waddill, Baton Rouge, La. Aid-de-camp — David M. Pipes, Jackson, La. Aid-de-camp — Ferdinand C. Claiborne, New Roads, La. Aid-de-camp — T. B. Sellers, Luling, La. Aid-de-camp — J. R. Moss, Coushatta, La. Aid-de-camp — A. E. Barrow, St. Erancisville, La. CAMPS. Pierre J. Gilbert, No. 110 — Napoleonville, La. Organized August 22, 1898. E. O. Lalande, Commandant. Oscar Du^as, Adjutant. Camp Ascension, No. 126 — Donaldsonville, La. Edmund Maurin, Commandant. Prosper Gonel, Jr., Adjutant. Camp Beauregard, No. 130 — New Orleans, La. Organized April 28, 1899. Jas. T. Nix, Commandant. T. J. Reynaud, Adjutant. Camp Henry Watkins Allen, No, 133 — Baton Rouge, La. Organized April 29, 1899. Hugh Waddill, Commandant. Nicholas Wax, Adjutant. Gen, Leon Jastremski. Miscellaneous. 665 Camp Charles A. Brusle, No. 144 — Plaquemine, La. Organized June 20, 1899. Clarence S. Hebert, Commandant. H. N. Sherburne, Jr., Adjutant. Camp West Feliciana, No. — St. Francisville, La. Organized November 13, 1901. A. F. Barrow, Commandant. Ed. R. Moses, Adjutant. Camp Gus A. Scott, No. 244 — Jackson, La. Organized April 26, 1901. David M. Pipes, Commandant. W. C. Jones, Adjutant. Camp Turgis, No. 264 — New Orleans, La. Organized May 11, 1901. Loys Charbonnet, Commandant. W. B. Mangum, Adjutant. Camp Guy Dreux, No. 277 — Gretna, La. Organized May 21, 1901. L. H. Marrero, Jr., Commandant. Jno. R. Langridge, Adjutant. Camp Bouanchaud, No. 291 — New Roads, La. Organized June 30, 1901. Ferdinand C. Claiborne, Commandant. Hewitt Bouauchaud, Adjutant. Camp R. E. Lee, Luling No. — Luling, La. Organized August 3, 1901. T. B. Sellers, Commandant. R. J. Sellers, Adjutant. Camp Henry Gray, No. — Coushatta, La. Organized August 24, 1901. J. R. Moss, Commandant. J. T. S. Thoma«, Adjutant. 00 H P W H H o 05 ,i3 o Pi 03 1^ • r-t o T3 o PI 03 -M CO 8 O o o t4 a> ^ eSrH 3 .-■ 4J M 3 u .05 rtOOrH «^a - ©■^.2^' -2";3'a OS S t^ o - S"i-i u o o § '1' o O lO O W.«I5 fQOQ .S M 0)"'-' 03 M " t>, . M d 0) oj 2 m 4-> d CO o o a> HO vJ 00 L~ Oo iNOoi 05 05rH OOr-l i 0,c3 i-l " Tj< (M O -OOOlO ^tH 00 00 05 r1 O 5^ " S — • ■ . *~ .^ <^ '7' Oj ■<-> 'ui w w ra j; (1) - "^ ti •a ^ +-) ij 4J 4_, a; d H fl ja 2o23s s d ° © o o o 0) TO rt 03 c3 rt dj CO CO CO [/) ■M+j CO CO m m o fl a; a> o) o HwiJiJi-IJ .o •o .«■ O ^" r-l • .o- •cjoo^ •oocg •w-i-s ■'-I ..^ ?. . • O o< • o •00 •00 UllH ■ .o • ooo ■ ooo d^S >>.2*:' to r-l i4S ^73 d-^ >>d n 03 o " oj a 3 o t4 u a-o o g;g©-2>>§i:s CO I 0) «3, — 34)." a; •=5 St^ n - P S . -ti S J:; d ■■"SO. S2p rH-^-a _o'gg"'2(M'd " t, 03 03 •a B P 03 " ijS^2 gS_«i§g5 TS c]0 T) Si£.r ^^Cl o d,H' M-O 9 ©=: - ^« ©ro g «S03 O) o d D.3 2d2 i» Cg .1.J C3 p^ 00 OooS I-l o'-i — .>-'^ CUrH ._ OS a t- dn o3 o d o ■o d'O''^ dj c3 a>4-> dn 3 d CO to O) to © to w to fci i» S o-e: 0-9 t, n t, to h u e3 03 ;o ^: o « t- o '^ : :c e: ro o ro ro .oc O Tl t- o OiCOCCOO CO 00 00 00 m raw m I a; a> (D P > t» > > jT CJ 0) CJ OJ ^ "O TS 'O "O evO d d d S3 d 3 D p^ ti cd c3 od ■K. !h tn (I tn 00 4> 0) 0) Q) ■S 3 d 3 d 3 1) O) 0) Q) OOOOO 00 oor-os rHOOt^ ,00 00 01 0) t- 3 oTos 00 d a> 01 rH 0) d 3 ?; 3 3 a> d > s-a-D K! H 00 t-O 00 00 rHOO _rH >» . d OJ V f -a d aj >^ o 0) d ja d ^-o d-t^ — fa S* d eS I „ - OS 03 d fawriHE^d o a 0) a) Or= _ 4J +-> -M ej rt m m 2 § j; £ S S a* I* ¥ 3 a rt eaeeaoQe oc.rfs ~oo Soo OiH ^ o «^ '=''2 a 3 S> 3 §1 a^ ra §Z Ccc a' •« ~ !-. 00 4_,— oj ra +-1 — 03 o ;a (1) O »C 1^ •J2 £: ^i o 00 00 o d 4> 3 C o; n J2 3 ■O o t> •o a OS o" 00 00 a a ct O u O. tt m 3 -a « ra 3 a OS m o H St - ^o 001+-' . Uoo .0 g!rH«^ 0) Ph d g 3 C.S.M oi'O'a'o •"(Do;!' . S- U. I- Jj - n 03 tn .^, m w 03 o 0) <1> O) |^^ a 00 s O05 £ a 3 .0 03 V S ^^ flfl 03 03 OhDh Qc 668 Miscellaneous. STATEMENT OF NEW CONSOLS AND CONSTITUTIONAL BONDS OF THE STATE OF LOUISIANA, And of new School Bonds, owned by the Free School Fund, now held by the State Treasurer, said Bonds havinc; been purchased under Acts 265 of 1855 and 54 of 1900, all being stamped as required by Act 116 of 1890. NEW CONSOLS. 1 Bond of $1,000, No. 530. 1 Bond of $1,000, No. 535. 1 Bond of $1,000, No. 542. 1 Bond of $1,000, No. 550. 1 Bond of $1,000, No. 1151. 7 Bonds of $1,000, Nos. 2218 to 2224. 10 Bonds of $1,000, Nos. 2401 to 2410. 1 Bond of $1,000, No. 2835. 1 Bond of $1,000, No. 2869. 12 Bonds of $1,000, Nos. 2956 to 2967. 1 Bond of $1,000, No. 8160. 1 Bond of $1,000, No. 3475. 5 Bonds of $1,000, Nos. 3681 to 3685. 1 Bond of $1,000, No. 4198. 13 Bonds of $1,000, Nos. 4283 to 4295. 1 Bond of $1,000, No. 5335. 2 Bonds of $1,000. Nos. 6307 to 6308. 1 Bond of $1,000, No. 7096. 1 Bond of $1,000, No. 7413. 1 Bond of $1,000. No. 7743. 1 Bond of $1,000. No. 8280. 2 Ponds of $1,000, Nos. 8634 to 8635. 1 Fond of $1,000, No. 8850. 3 Ponds of $1,000, Nos. 8873 to 8875. 03 Bondp of $1,000. Nos. 9306 to 9398. 163 Bonds of SI. 000 each aeerreeating $163,000 00 8 Bonds of S.''>00. Nos. 2188 to 2195. 11 Bonds of Sr^OO. Nos. 2197 to 2207. 1 Pond of fr,r\0. No. 2209. 1 Pond of $500. No. 2501. 87 Ponds of $500, Nos. 2977 to 3063. ins Ponds of .«500 pach. aggregating 64,000 00 1 Pond of $100. No. 1555. r.67 Bonds of $100, Nos. 3492 to 4058. '«R8 Bonds of $100 each, aggregating 66,800 00 CONSTITUTIONAL BONDS. 1 Pond of $5. No. 33 1 Bond of $5. No. 71. 1 Bond of $5, No. 72. 1 Bond of $5, No. 124. 1 Pond of $5, No. 149. 1 Bond of $5, No. 179. 6 Bonds of $5 earh, aggregating 80 00 ATCIIAFALAYA BASIN LEVEE BONDS. 75 Bonds of $1,000. Nos. 196 to 270. 1 Bond of $1,000. No. 432. 2 Bonds of $1,000, Nos. 476 to 477. 1 Bond of $1,000. No. 482. 6 Bonds of $1,000, Nos. 666 to 671. 85 Bonds of $1,000 each, aggregating 85,000 00 FIFTH LOUISIANA LEVEE BONDS. 6 Bonds of $1,000. Nos. 37 to 42. 4 Bonds of .'51, 000, Nos. 201 to 204. 40 Bonds of $1,000, Nos. 272 to 311. 50 Bonds of $1,000 each, aggregating 60,000 00 Total amount of bonds owned by the Free School Fund $498,830 00 Miscellaneous. 669 ECEIPTS AND DISBURSEMENTS BY FUNDS AND REVENUES, AND CASH BALANCES ON HAND DECEMBER 31, 1901. Funds. iieral Fund, 1901 neral Fund, 1900 ueral Fund, 1899 irrent School Fund, 1901 inent School Fund, 1900 irrent School Fund, 1899 terest Tax Fund, 1001 terest Tax Fund, 1900 terest Tax Fund, 1899 terest Tax Fund 1879 and previous sneral Engineer Fund vee and Drainage Fund ee School Fund terest and Redemption $5 Bonds ivee Construction and Repair Fund for 1878 and previous edemptlon of Valid School Certificates llltla Fund ertlllzer Fund arls Green Fund rust Fund yster Fund enltentlary Fund ontchartraln Levee District tchafalaya Basin Levee District Ifth Louisiana Levee District rleans Levee District rleans Levee District, one-half mill ed River, Atchafalaya k Rayou Boeuf Levee Dlst. afourche Basin Levee District ake Borgne Basin Levee District addo Levee District 'ensas Basin Levee District fttchito>'hcs Sub-Levee District dossier Levee District addo Sub-Levee District iuras Levee District Irand Prairie Levee District Receipts. Expenditures. 790,898.03 270,744.22 41,604.33 53,360.24 319,945.03 452.32 97,726.31 837,169.48 332,372.91 494.96 243,829.68 99,256.00 88,546.13 2,989.72 2,648.67 1,946.20 1,452.87 11,887.76 318.04 1,757.86 8,587.15 269,720.96 149,694.65 415,746.92 222,842.24 189,548.22 485.52 400,121.75 187,699.88 28,970.93 174,123.99 154.024.62 8,942.80 30,999.32 18,389.09 15,268.79 13,805.90 782,253. 55,106, 41,604 16,627, 317,925. 452 37,057 460,733 7,359 38 190,034 3,300 35,783 1,637 47 57 .33 89 87 .32 42 55 00 .50 06 00 20 04 325.00 1,941.98 675.00 11,370.98 53.25 268,887.61 132,961.28 402,733.50 124,796.58 164,685.12 '227,408.03 156,902.38 24,612.35 100,590.38 147,101.31 5,982.84 30,037.66 9,928.00 8,533.57 6,127.71 Balance. 8,644.56 215,637.65 36,V32.35 2.019.1* "60,668.89 76,435.93 325,013.91 456.46 53,795.62 95,956.00 52,762.93 1,352.68 2,323.67 4.22 777.87 516.78 264.79 1,757.86 8,587.15 833.35 16,733.37 13,013.42 98,045.66 24,863.10 485.52 172,713.72 30,797.50 4,358.58 73,533.61 6.923.31 2,959.9H 961.66 8,461.09 6,735.22 7,678.19 imount deposited but not yet audited. $5,188,373.49 $3,775,567.75 $1,412,805.74 9,626.42 Total 11,422.432.16 CASH ON DEPOSIT. Jew Orleans Natiopal Bank $ 418,393.56 libemla National Bank 425.594.72 ioulslana National Bank 420,673.31 ^ank of Baton Rouge 75,697.15 J'lrst National Bank of Baton Rouge 81,978.91 :'a»h in vault 94.51 Total $1,422,432.1« 670 Miscellaneous. © in Ift 1H v^ •»• s o o o Ok o o o o o o m Miscellaneous. 671 a; JO la Q o 00 t-l b O 10 o> OS o u o o o o o o o o mo 0:3 a: G «H I Ops wgp ^^o ^ - o>o ^ a o o o o o 0» o OoOOOOO 0000000 0000000 0000000 oo_ooo_o_^o irtift'o"o"o"o''o> t-t-oomto-* •o • o -oj-*-* OOC5O00 05 01 O 05 00 O rt 00 00 OOOOi-iaO i-lrH VKW O1-1 O O IC irt Ci "-O 00 fl d cj o o a> i* £ 4, o « 00 ^ ^ fci . O) t. t< t, t- a* il a O) S 50 CO a* aj M* ^ tow I lo l§OQ0 t- 1- ■^' 2 ^^ t- «2oC coo ® o o cS OS ■loo 4§§ 0-* -S O . -jr -to-:, <^ M 0 ""- 'J'- : a c c a c c O O' O X o o c c r. JaB aja cdx: ^ ^ rt ,_: ^ ^ ^- K Oj o o o c 4^ 33 K K m >»e a a a x: o o o o 2; M O -.»< JJ o o o o o to 00 O o o o o M ooco 0000 0000 0000 o_^o_^o_o_^ fCO Vr-T o Oi 00 T-IO05 OiOO->)< *; 00^05 ®rH^ 00 d *i I ^ *-' t- a) «J fl 50 a 0) I w a M^ I w O 03 S I ■^S-2a * 2 t- e i: 03 ti. cd t- "^ a: > a' to *- •a (- S m a S-° ^ •O ■a o a tt a •3 a 03 < < < ^ t, o o o o o o § 00 03 00 fa O Q < o c: 00 i-t fa O t- 05 OS H o a S Q H >■ E iJ o a o o o o o o o 000 000 000 000 oo_^o_ lOirtO" 00 00 O -00 05 -05 00 -00 iHOlH 05 Q iH I ^ I a a 4) i 4- CO 4<'rt |0.| IflCOO 00 I 00 o OlO o m' 0-0 05-? d a, ^ n — O HO 0; »— I (*-. (^ tW ■u COO OJ J3 33 33 33 fQ -^ 'O 'C'O a ^ a c a J= >. c o ^ 2: ci m o gS« 00 el 00 00 00 00 0,0 00 o 05 00 r-IO eg 05 o 4, I 01 v o o o o o o to 00 o o O o o o* m 00 CO 0) |a irtCO 00 I .0 ©Ifl 1^ a3 ^-^ I O 0) •OO _ OJ c o Si ■^ (A X •c-o >»a a ^ o c Jiwo 1> c a < o 05 C3 a £1 fa M a a cd 672 Miscellaneous. >^^ Wo w^ HH o OS M r^ T3 pn-S f^ ^ ^ fd t— I Kgp O!>o Kw . CO 03 00 1-1 O a I o 1^ 03 a Pi o fa o o o o o o o to o o o o o o* \a O o o o o o la Oi 00 o CO a O. CD O \n C-J •" o 2; T-^ fa >. •z ja' u 1 £1 P3 i% fa H Ctf tH S4» Ml -«3 M»H S J , a 4> c4 J OT +-' W-O m >.§ 3 •0^ "So 09 o o o o o o" o 00 fa O H U ■< I H U Ci 02 H fa fa o o o o o o' o o © o o o o" o 03 00 o 'I' a u 0< o o o N O Oi w 3 £i 01 fa W) OS* 3 •a a 0) I '"' a oioa*^ ■*-• o 'O ■*-• "O a ^a — >.o ^•^■^ 3 o <1 fa -^ K U <5 CJ fa > 5 Q fa o o o o o o" o to OJ 00 fa O CD OS H U I u I— I pj E-i w fa fa > fa Jo , o faoi P3^ 03 2q Q ^ 2 -a a -to 00 o ' ow to" W o . • o ja'^ ja a, cj w 4, S rt '^ o 'M -H ^ o *»•*»■«*'*• •w o o o o 01X3 m 03 w m T3 -^ 'O 'O 'O 'O a ^H a fl a — £>o o o o «i'goooo ^ Soooo 5 -t; r-i M c^ CI o o o o o o* o 10 o o o o o o o o 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 o'o'o'd' ooioia w • -o 03 -WO 00 C>) 03 03 1-103 00 T-l O t, 0> D.t< a, D. 2; ft CO ft u 69 O 03 0) fa 3 01 M « fl fl 3 O a •a fl aj 3 o O O 03 fa O (N •* Q 03 00 tH fa o w O -•1 I H U 5 fa fa > fa O Q Q -< U c c c o o o o CO OJ 00000 00000 00000 00000 o^o_^oo_^oo_ o*in'*o*o" 03 • -oo 00 -woo i-((M03 03 03 . 0300i-lr-( .< ►-«+-« i1 1 1 1 S I +j ■'-' -w o S CO " CO ^§§§§0 c: (a« O) H z: w rt rt o . •3 rt-S'SS^ o a <^^% 3 ai a 3 o a O 03 c4 3 bi 0> fa e« fl •3 fl 5 01 3 C Miscellaneous. 673 Ho mo «H I &Hrc» o PO Oi k_j 'v' ^ WW . H>a: H CO o o o o o o o C4 00 O o> 00 H U •< I H U H H ^ a C3 — 000 000 000 000 lAMM o . • /hoc flj ^ cj OS S3 ^§00 03 r^ Lt ^H J3 K tn CO -M 'O 'T3 "D ^000 3 C 5 05 © c q 05 0" to 0" 0" 10 CO o o o o 35 05* C5 05 00 -CI _05C0 ■gOOrH C5^j O * O-^ 05 t'CSOO ■< •" !^< I a '. 4) I. 4-» t- D O "^ I J. ^00 ■a o C3 3 &:. M a -3 p 3 O 00 05 00 O 05 Q Z -<1 ■<»< C5 00 IH O Eh U H S a 0) « a o o o o o o n 00 00 00 00 00 "5 4120 ^*' ^^ tl^ **-< ffll-H 05 00 00 05 r-lOO tH VI Ovi o 00 05 ■4-) I < a CO £0 Is o 05 o S — _H "" ■5 « 5 a 3 c •a 0) 3 •<, O o 05 b O Q 00 05 00 rH fe O H H U 2 H Q o o o o 0) H — I I 00 05 00 <5 a o 10 o .a OS M tC-TlO oft 4J 'O ■go CI o C5 u ej 3 U a a ed 3 o 00 05 00 o hi < u 5 E K > Z K C o o o o q M CO 00 05 00 O to a Li 0) in CI CO a o Z .a o d I o IS o 05 3 Ml a ■3 c -i,^? »S 674 CENSUS TABLES. O o OS O H o i—H in c c o » PQ o CO 30 CO 0» CO t- 00 o o CO o 00 o 00 00 o 01 00 o o 05 05 W 03 09 S3 IN O q^ oo' o O) to" ■<»< Oi 05 CO 05 00 r-T 00 CO 09 SO 56 05 CJ-*i!N 00 coo t-lC-N CO corf IN 50 00 irtirjco i-(rH«0 05_iH to OOlOiH ooo inoo»05c»'<*<-<* CO -N co' ix 00 -co CO -03 r-t -OO oo' '.t-i •e» • ■>»< • o> -cococo ■0_ •oqcqiq "t-" .'co'ioio •W -OiHCO •05 •t-'^O ■ ■^ -Tfoqco ioo ;o"t-*t-" 05 M rH 00 CO t- • 00 "-I OOCOt-WMt^ -0510 t-TH-^t-0 05 -lOiM Oo't-Tt-'t-'oo'rH ico'cO' CI rH 00 O CC CO >0 O f O 05 ■* O CO 00 00*10 ■t-CI ■05 CO OOrH-tOCOCOtO .•♦CO • 00 CO CO O C) • t- CD 05 O) CO • c) lO o t- in [ cflC* 1OC0C5 • T-H liMM CO -1< ■ CO CD I- O -f< • CD -J" COO O i ■«io: o'05'V • O M t~ 0» C» O •l-lOt-^«' in [-•>#"■ .iHO i-h incocoooOooOo:i-( • -lO X(-"iNC0O05C0CC • •iH CO t- 05 M •jnininc^eoo^«»< t^COrHOCDCOCOOiXW^CICCCOiHt-inOCOOwX t-OCCDt--*'<«' Nooo5CC05rHrt-*,-coinco.-HCi — oc-i05cit-cceici~inin-*eo ooo-*ino5CiLtcDCDCDt-in. cic:05rtincc^«fo:cD'^i-t-coooooi- rHrHr-(f-lT-lr-(r-( r-i— 1 t-^iHiHrH iM^it— ^H^-f-it— CJ i-i>no5NooOLnco^*oo co'^ciTHOcoint-iHCi 04 in CD r- iH CO in iH X 00 co''05 05'in^<*<'o'rH'o'in CI tH 1-1 r-( M r-l CJ CO N NlNrHOC)ClcOOOt-XCOiHCDinc0 05incDCCC5in^COWOOCO OrHr-CDClCDOOt-05M"miMCCC".'lCCDC0'00C0C<:x-<)-T-'«'»-^CC05 ocoxxo5co_c:c5Ci05X-t CI c o I- t-i- t-a c o: inttcDCC_cico cf co' •^' 05' o c i r-' tD" oo' o' i-*' t- CO 1 -:' t r ■•»■" in" ■ "a! a .2 WTO 3 > c4 c4 < <ft"c^''t-^«c eH «D Oq^-* 000 tHCO ■♦00 ■♦e^oo c'cfo V rs O 0) d a; o > a* ^ ° a a C3 V S.i: •"fa rMtO ft cc oo_^o » ■♦^^■^ CO in M Vi«o"50iAa5coioi^C'firjTH-t-^t--^M'odiAioo'b-iMci>o wt-Mioiao-*«ooini:-t--*-*MOcococoj-)Cj McoorHmmooTH:Dio->«"lrto'c^>ool W rH Irt rH CO rH rH rH C4 rH Cl rH rH rH rH a p 0) 313 o — OP KuK'^^-SStH-Jiga.gaS Cpt---u,tj MMC06Q02XsnMt»H£-lEH3>> a a 0;— ■ t*^~ p si ;: oj p o a t- *j — ti te cj oJ od"— P X O rH - 2 p a VI a a o s:s:tSP=t?t? ^ 1" o ^ ii " fc p Q 0: O 0» -^ a^ — ,— -,^ t, ■-^^-' c« O. CO •5a>05c4ce«e SSrHCvl •0'«<»'«<0» OOrHrHCOOt-IMtDt- CO-*COrH-*int-rHtO O to O CS^M CO_^tO_W CO cooocooodiatow'to tet-rHrHOltOeOtOt- MrHM rHrHT-( Iftb-tOlflNMrHSjCOte ClX-fl'''»CO»a)CCcOMiX)COOM>-lOOt-10 0Wt-l~CI05r-lt-CIClir;iMtOC<5CO '~'MC>05->»-( a o w a 3) 0) to j3 o o S3 " 0) 3 a o u '^ S*^ j-i a « i a « a t- S S a-o ii oj 5 .2 ais-S ae^ a a Co ^ ; a — a a~ c c a a a S c^ a o +j a OJ .a vj ■J.£i OS t 4) be 3 O a2 0- ;> ■w a Jf^ a :tS. Pi 01 ■< O 55 a o 0) .a S 3 CO CO o_ co" CO M OJ 0^ .a iftLO—iMt-oooooot-ricjooMciorjoqoc'jcO'^csot^oo-^oq t^ M o X -^ 06 -H o ci ci — i-i 00 ?o o" 00 ■* 00 to 06 CO ri L-:; CO o t-^ o s^' t-?lr-lr-lMr-|-*OrHC0?5 CICS iHCJincOC-lJJr-l'^CO i».t-i rit-iH35OC0'*C35C0C<»05rH35OOfl0000»OC:t-lCrtC0 lrt»C5GC»M'.SoojciJi:SrtcSOCj2;r'^>^r'^^'-.QStSa) >■. 3 eS O a o a a M M g a -o « « aift a^ a o " (Q " 05 ti ^ a ■no Co •so si o •- a) j_, •oa 0-" u a^co a a rt-2 «^' ' S "^S ! -3* I 3 O ' o a-- j *-■ a a r*, O) '^ tH <:-''*' 00 a^. D.~ ^1 '^ e ^ t> ^ t: S a °«0>. eo-M .. a> 34-> M^aa 0_ a; C0Z. u < -4-) a« o OS _:oo sj "' « 09 9 fe a • u a o >, 73 — — 41 * 2 ^^ a — ' a> — to o 5^ • U as 01 a - Is 09 53 O •-« ^-) <-x L ® g5Ct-g.§0 fe-w* Ji t«3 © 5j«i S a 4; "-« *— ' •^ £ — CO Q> . tni: a-o — o Lj r^. i*\ Ld u^ ^ a a ■a a CENSUS TABLES. 677 O o ON o 00 CCOOM to WICOJOO 00 CO •riOS O •OM r-l NM'* W O o «5CC»M flOMWt-OO =0 35 t-j-it- ^ott^^^)ooln t-_0CiO 'CD 'SO ■ 00C3CO ro •Ot-lH « 01* r-(00h-eOM»C4 (O OC-llrtlrttCWrlo-* Irt IH CB tH 10 00 M « 'T t- r-l •"T « ri rf iN*C^" V n O > u OS o z a; a a +j a o n CO M PS ■< EM (a a h] O > <1 P o O -M •M ■ T3 : «s . n .^ • « bo . PS 5+j i< a o o '-' _r ^ a ^ o ^ <» s < :o OM •* -aeor^io >n CDOi -05 •t-C5® O O CI'*' • N ■ CO rt •♦ M Irt vito n" r-TciV >-'* to 01 Irt W 00 » •♦ 1-1 W ■♦ C5 oOrHtoriiftt-'^oai cs t- r- •«i w c^i ao r< N rM •* ' B .fc . 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O 0) Oi •» •MO •M o •33 •(-■♦ •r4 OJ • r< •iflO •M •H ?5 O •1h3> •< 03 Z 05 ° i 05-. o goo D 0> 05 Z o 05 o CO 11 H •< a 05 Q Z -4 BO « S 03 o ■s H i ■J of -J M > H •a>M05«lrH<;O«0'»«l'Op< 0»MrHt-aOOOt-T-tCOb-'<*'0'*03l-COC00503t-CiOC-)Mt-OOOin®OOlO«D l_^rHl.'5r-(O33O00<-l-^Ot0M"'lOrHMi-H0lN031OCl gw > MO — q*^ - :=: 0)13 aJ a ^ a a — O^oj d aj oi • fc • o a ^^- ^ S is o ;:; > O O I- o . a iJ& » o S &.*^ , 0) > a o & ■^ o O — J3 a o d oj "> > a 5" >■ '-' CO ■- u - d) '^^ •-c: fe 4; o fe o — -w g 4J— O ~ O aj :J fl -w •(3iW0M»t-0'H •rt • CO CO CO rH M N M -^ •OS •■XiNiN • •i-l'*M(»'*C0O£ir-( •QOCO'*l-ieOOt-03 • off • •aO'~'HO-*CO'*2CO •O51rt'<'03MM-*C0 . rH -^^CO • •M'«O05rHTHloW»0 •IMC^'-' 04 t- <» ■♦. 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Nevr Orleans is the only city in Louisiana that has a population in 1900 of more than 25,000, and for this city, a summary is presented in table G, showing the population from 1810 to 1900, inclusive, together with the increase by number and per cent during each decade. TABLE f5.— POPULATION OF NEW ORLEANS: 1810 TO 1900. Census Years. Population. Increase. Number. Per Cent. 1900 287,104 45,065 18.C 1890 242,039 25,949 12.0 1880 216,090 24,672 12.9 1870 191,418 22,743 13.5 1860 168,675 52,300 44.9 1850 116.375 14,182 13.9 1840 102,193 72,456 243.7 1830 29,737 2,561 9.4 1820. 27,176 9,934 9.4 1810 17,242 According t.o this surhmary, New Orleans, beginning with a population of 17,242 in 1810, increased but little, compared with the early growth of other cities, for two decades, but from 1830 to 1840, the population of the city increased from 29,737 to 102,193, or 243.7 per cent. Since then the rate of increase has been relatively low, although in the decade from 1890 to 1900, it is somewhat greater than it has been in any decade since 1860. INDEX. Articles of Confederation, United States 1* Amendments, Constitution of Lnited States 41 Audit and Kxchange, State Hoard of 378 Agriculture, State Board of 381 Arbitration and Conciliation, State Board of 382 Atchaf alaya Basin Levee Board 384 Atchafalaya, Red Itiver and Bayou Ba'uf 380 Acadia, Roster of I'arish Officers 39U Ascension, Roster of I'arish Officers 390 Assumption, Roster of I'arish C)fficers 393 Avoyelles, Roster of I'arish Officers 394 Asylum, Louisiana Insane 479 Applications for Pardons, Rules Governing 611 Applications for Trade-Marks, etc 614 Act No. 136 of 1898, List of Cities, Towns and Villages that have Adopted Same. 618 Agents, List of,— Act 149 of 1890 624 Baton Rouge State Capital 1 Hoards, State — Liquidation of State Debt 378 Audit and Exchange 378 Railway Commissioners 378 Railway Appraisers 3J9 I'ension Commissioners 379 Health 379 Education 380 Engineers 380 Agriculture 381 Medical Examiners (Allopath) 381 Medical Examiners (Homeopath) 381 Dental Examiners 382 P_armacv 38- . Arbitration and Conciliation 382 Directors Citizens' Bank 382 Examiners of Bar Pilots 383 Assessors, Parish of Orleans 383 Commissioners Hotel Royal 383 Commissioners I'ort of New Orleans 383 Commissioners New Basin t anal and Shellroad 384 State Contest 384 Levee, Atchafalaya Basin 384 Levee, Bossier 384 Levee, Buras 385 Levee, Caddo 385 Levee, Grand Prairie 38o Levee, Lake Borgne 385 Levee, Lafourche Basin 386 Levee, Orleans 38« Levee, Red River. Atchafalaya and Bayou Boeuf 38b Levee, Pontchartraln 38( Levee, Tensas Basin 387 Levee, Fifth Louisiana District 387 of Commissioners Fausse Polnte Drainage District 388 First Drainage District — Iberville 388 Guevdan Drainage District ggg Iberia and St. Marv Drainage District 388 Iberia and Bayou Carlln Drainage District 388 Second Drainage District 388 Bavou Conwav Drainage District 38W Beile Place Drainage District 389 St. Martin. Iberia and Polnte Claire Drainage District 389 Third Drainage District — Assumption 389 Third Drainage District — Lafourche 389 Bnras Levee Board. Board of Commissioners 3«.t Bossier Levee Board. Board of Commissioners Jg* Bavou Conway Drainage District. Board of Commissioners 389 Belle Place Drainage District, Board of Commissioners 389 Blenyllle Parish, Roster of Officials 39J 6&0 INDEX. r.ossier Parish. Roster of Officials -95 HIind, Louisiana Institute for the aro Hiologic Station, Gulf 222 I anks, National In Louisiana, List of 655 rianks, State, in Louisiana, List of '.['.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.['. 656 lionds Statement of, ovvnd by Free School Fund 668 C onfederation. Articles of ' ' ' ' 19 Constitution of the United States '.'.'.'.".'.'.'.'.'. 31 Constitution of the Inited States (Amendments) " ' ' 41 Constitution of Louisiana. 1812 ' ' ' 55 Constitution of Louisiana. 184.") . '' '' * Qg Constitution of Louisiana, 185l! ' ' ' 89 Convention of Louisiana. 1861 HO ( 'onstitution of Louisiana. 1864 117 Constitution of Louisiana, 1808 .....'.....'. 13ft Constitution of Louisiana. ISTl) " ' ' 167 Constitution of Louisiana. 18!>8 228 Committees of State Senate. 1900-1902 . . ...'./. 369 Committees of House of Kepresentatives, 1900-1902. .. . ' * 376 Citizens' Pank. State 1 »lrectors , . 382 Caddo I>evee District, P.oaid of Commissioners 385 Caddo Parish. Roster of Officials .-, 396 Calcasieu Parish. Roster of Otlicials ....... 396 Caldwell Parish. Roster of Officials ' '. 399 <'ameron Parish. Roster of Officials ..!..!..!!. 400 Catahoula Parish. Roster of Officials [[ 400 Claiborne Parish. Roster of Otlicials 401 Concordia I'arish. Roster of OtRcials 401 Charity Hospital 47.5 Confederate Memorial Hall 484 Commissioners of Deeds of Other States in Louisiana .........[[[[.. 620 (Commissioners of Deeds for Louisiana in Other States 621 Charters of Corporations, r^ist of 632 Corporations that have Increased or Decreased their Capital 6.54 Confederate Veteran ( 'amps 662 Cash Balances. Statement of 669 Census Statistics of Louisiana 674 Declaration of Independence 27 Department, Judiciary, United States 341 Department. .ludiciary, State J>ui)reme Court . ; 360 Department, .ludiciary. Circuit Courts ........ 360 Department, .ludiciarv. District Courts 36S Directors. Citizens' liank 382 Dental Examiners. State Board of 382 Drainage Districts — Fausse Pointe 388 First— Iberville 888 Gueydan 388 Iberia and St. Mary 388 Iberia and Bayou ( 'arlin 388 Second 388 Pavou Conwav ■ 389 Peile Place ." 389 St. Martin. Iberia and Pointe Claire 389 Third— Assumption 389 Third Lafourche 889 DeSoto Parish. Roster of Officials 402 Deaf and Duml). I.,ouisiana Institute for 470 Democratic I'latform, National .513 Democratic Committee." National 519 Democratic Committee. Officers Variotis States 521 Democratic Platform, State 523 Democratic State Central Committee 525 I>emocratic Congressional Committees 528 District Courts of I>ouisiana. Terms 604 Deeds. Commissioners of liouisinna in Other States 620 Deeds, Commissioners of. of Other Slates in Louisiana 621 Debt of Louisiana. Statement of Bonded and Floating , 666 Education. State Board of 880 i'.ngineers. State Board of 380 Kxamlners, Bar Pilots 38^ l',ast Baton Rouge. Parish Roster of Officials 40i Fast Carroll Parish. Roster of Officials •*05 Fast Feliciana Parish. Roster of OIBcials *'"^ Flection Tables ■ 5fi*' Fxtradition. Rules Relative to • o' ' • INDEX. 691 Flower, State . .'. .' 11 Flag, State 12 Flag ( Secession Convention) 115 France, Treaty with United States 45 Fiftli Louisiana Levee District, Hoard of Commissioners 38T Fausse Pointe Drainage District. Board of Commissioners 388 First Drainage District — Iberville 388 Franklin Parish, Roster of Officials ■♦07 Free School Fund, Statement of Bonds Owned 668 Government, State — 1"JU0-1!)U4 351 Grand Prairie Levee District, Board of Commissioners 385 Gueydan Drainage Levee District Board of Commissioners 388 Grant Parish, Roster of Officials 407 Gulf Biologic Station 472 (Juard, National, Roster Louisiana State 499 Grand Army of the Republic 663 Health, State Board of 379 Hotel Roval, Board of Commissioners of 383 Home, Soldier's 488 Hospital, Charity l 475 Historical and Statistical Tabl^ — United States and Territories 593 Historical Sketch of Louisiana 59.^ Holidays, Legal, in Louisiana 619 Independence, Declaration of 27 It-eria and St. Mary Drainage District, Commissioners of 388 n>eria and Bnvou Cai-lin Drainage District. Commissioners of 388 Iberia, St. Martin and Pointe Claire Drainage District, Commissioners of 3«9 Iberia Parish, Roster of Officials 408 Iberville Parish, Roster of Officials 408 Insane Asylum, Louisiana 4T9 Industrial Institute, Louisiana (Ruston) 456 Industrial Institute, Southwestern Louisiana 459 Institute for the Blind 46« Institute for the Deaf and Dumb 470 Insurance Companies 658 Judiciary Departmenr, T'nited States 341 State Supreme Court 360 State Court of Appeals 360 State Circuit Court 360 City Courts 363 .Tacksou Parish. Roster of Officials ^,'. .' - . . 409 .Tefferson Parish. Roster of Officials 409 .lurlsdlctlon of Louisiana Supreme Court 603 Laws Defining Limits of Louis'ana .,'1 . .' . : • : • • • 4^ Lands Public. Ordinance Relative to ' 5ii Louisiana. Act of Congress. Territory of 49 Louisiana. Supreme Court of , 360 T.esislatlve Denartment - •,•,■•■.. 366 T iquldation. State Debt. Board of .'. : .... 378 Tjfvee Boards — , ' .' . Atchafalaya Basin ,:v; 384 Bossier • 384 Buras , 885 Caddo 385 Grand Prairie * 385 Lake Borgne 38.^ Lafourche Basin 386 Orleans 3Srt Red River. Atchafalaya and Bayou Bneuf 3.8R Pontchartrain 387 Tensas Basin 387 Fifth Louisiana District 387 T.nke Borgne Levee District. Board of Commissioners......^, 3«5 T,afourche Basin Levee District. Board of Commissioners . . ; ._. 386 Lafourche. Third Drainage District. Board of Commissioners 389 Lafourche Parish, Roster of Officials 411 Lafavette Parish. Roster of Officials 410 Lincoln Parish. Roster of Officials 411 I,lvlneston Parish. Roster of Officials 412 Louisiana State TTniversitv : • 446 Industrial Instittite • 45B Institute, Deaf and Dumb 470 Institute, Blind • 46S 092 INDEX. Southwestern Industrial Institute 459 State National (iuard, Koster 408 Purchase, Historical Sketch of 5ttS Historical and Chronological Sketch of BW5 Laws Relative to Trade. Marks 814 List of Cities, Towns and Villages that Have Adopted "Lawrason Town Charter Act" 618 Legal Holidays In Louisiana 61U List of Agents, Act 149 of 1890 624 List of Corporations that Have Filed Charters In Office of Secretary of State 6Sa List of Corporations that Have Increased or Decreased Their Capital 654 Medical Examiners, (Allopath) State Board of 381 Medical Examiners, (Homeopath) State Board of 381 Madison Parish, Koster of Officials 418 Morehouse Parish. Roster of Officials 41S Memorial Hall, ( 'onfederate 484 Milllken Memorial Hospital 478 Military Department 497 New Orleans, Port of, Board of Commissioners 38S New Basin Canal and Shell Road. Commissioners 384 Natchitoches Parish, Roster of Officials 414 Normal School 452 National Guard, Louisiana State 499 National Banks In Louisiana 656 Orleans, Act of Congress, Territory of 52 Levee District, Board of Commissioners of 386 Parish, Roster of (Officials 41T List of Notaries 418 Tax Collectors 417 Assessors *}J Inspectors, Weights and Measures 417 Jury Commissioners 417 Ouachita Parish, Ro'ster of Officials ■♦Zl Pension Commissioners, State Board of 37» Pharmacy, State Board of ^°■• Port of New Orleans, State Board of J°« I'onichartrain Levee District, State Board of ^f^ Plaquemlne Parish, Roster of Officials **l Pointe Coupee Parish, Roster of Officials *" Purchase, Louisiana, Historical Sketch of o^^ PoliticaU— _~n SufTrage Laws, T^nlted States »"* Democratic Platform ( National I °|^ Democratic National <"ommlttee ^^): Democratic State Platform »^^ Democratic State Central Committee »^2 Democratic Congressional Committee ^^° Republican Platform ( National) ^^jt Republican National Committee ^^n Repilblican State Central Committee °»" Republican Congressional Committee °* ^ I'nrdons, Rules Ooverning Application for Represenlatlves, House of. List of Members *!J^ Representatives, House of. Committees ^' Railway Commissioners, State Board of ^'° Railway Appraisers, State Board of •■,:■,■; ^br Red River, Atchafalaya and Bayou Bceuuf Levee District ^oo Roster of Parish Officers ^o» Raoides, Parish Officers, Roster of '-^ Red River, Parish Officers, Roster of -24 Richland, Parish Officers, Roster of _3j Republi(an Platform, National -jg Committee, National ,_- Committee Of9P<»rs and Various States ^^' State Central Committee r.^ Congressional Committees g^^ Registration Statistics / ■ • ;V ' J' " 611 Rules Governing Apollcatlons for Pardons ^^.^ Rules Relative to Extraditions g2S Railroads In Louisiana INDEX. 698 Receipts and Disbursements, Statement of, by Funds and Revenues and Cash L-ralances, December 31, 1901 669 State Capitol 1 Flower .' .' n Flag [[[[[[..[[[[. [[[[[[[l] 12 Seal 14 of Louisiana, Constitution of 1812 55 of Louisiana, Constitution of 1845 68 of Louisiana. Constituticjn cf 1852 89 of Louisiana, Convention of ISGl 110 of Louisiana, Constitution of 1804 117 of Louisiana, Constitution of 1868 139 of Louisiana, Constitution of ISTO 167 of Louisiana. Constitution of ist)8 228 Government. Territorial and 313 and Fnited States Officials 342 Go^ t rnment, 1 900-1904 351 * - Supreme Court 360 < 'ourt of Appeals 360 Circuit Courts g60 District Courts 360 Senate, List of Officers and Members 366 Senate. List of Committees 369 t^tatc Boards — Debt, Hoard of Liquidation 378 Hoard of Audit nnd Exchange 378 Board of Ka'lway Commissioners 378 Roard of Railway Appraisers 379 Board of I'ension Commissioners 379 Board of Health 379 Board of Education 380 Board of Engineers 380 Board of Agriculture 381 Board of Medital Examiners (Allopath! 381 Board of Medical Examiners (Homeopath) 381 Board of Dental Examiners 382 Board of Pharmacy 382 Board of Arbitration and Coneilation 382 Board of Examiners of Bar Pilots 383 L>irectors Citizens' Rank 382 State Board of Commissioners Hotel Royal 383 . Board of Commissioners Port of New Orleans 383 Contest Board 384 St. Martin, Iberia. I'o'nte Claire Drainage District 389 Second Drainage District. Board of Commissioners of 388 Sabine Parish, Roster of Officers 424 St. Bernard Parish. Roster of Officei-s 425 St. Charles Parish, Roster of Officers 428 St. Helena Parish, Roster of Officers 426 St. James Parish. Roster of (>fficers 427 St. John Parish, Roster of Officers 427 St. Landry Parish. Roster of Officers 428 St. Martin Parish. Roster of Officers 429 St. Mary Parish, Roster of Officers 429 St. Tammany Parish, Roster of Officers 430 State Institutions — Tulane L^niversity 438 I>ouisiana State University 446 State Normal School 452 Southwestern liOnisiana Industrial Institute 459 Louisiana Institntp for the Deaf and Dumb 470 Louisiana Institute for the Blind 468 Louisiana Insane Asylum 479 Charitv Hospital — New Orleans 475 Soldier's Home 488 Memorial Hall 484 Gulf Biolo.gic Station 472 Southern University 464 Southwest Louisiana Industrial Institute 4.39 State Normal School . . . ' 452 Soldier's Home ' 488 Statistics. Re.gistration '• «^44 Supreme Court of Louisiana. Rules, etc 544 Suffrage Laws (T', S,) Abstract of ; • • " •.• '. ^uZ statement of Bonded and Floating Debt of Louisiana bb6 094 INDEX. I'reaty between I'nited states and France 45 Territorial and State (.iovernments 313 'I'ensas Basin Levee District, Board of Commissioners of 387 'I'lilrd Drainage District — Assumption, Board of Commissioners of 389 'i'iiird Drainage I»istrict — Lafourche, Board of Commissioners of 38§ 'langipalioa Parish, Roster of Officials 431 Tensas Parisli, Roster of Officials 431 Terrebonne I'arish, Roster of r>fficials 43i: Tulane University 438 1'able of Registration 544 Table of Elections 560 Terms of District Court of Louisiana 604 Trade-Marks, etc., Law as to 614 Trade-lNIarks, etc.. Form of Application for 617 United States, Articles of Confederation 19 Constitution of 31 Constitution (Amendments) 41 Treaty with France 45 Laws "Defining Limits of Louisiana 49 Ordinance Relating to Public Lands 52 and State Officials 342 Union I'arish, Roster of Officials 432 T'niversity. Louisiana State 446 T'niverslty, Southern 464 United States Supreme Court 341 Circuit Court of Appeals 342 Distj-ict Courts in Louisiana 604 Officials in Louisiana 344 United Confederate Veteran Camps 662 1 nited Sons of Confederate Veterans 664 Vermilion Parish, Roster of Officials 433 Vernon l^arish. Roster of Officials 432 Washington Parish, Roster of Officials 434 Webster Parish, Roster of Officials 435 West Baton Rouge Parish, Roster ;>iojnv3 JO AA.i,a:.Ai r ,EHZ3S COUNTY AND RAILROAD MAP OF IHE STATE OF LOUISIHNH. ^; 1 -V^^ '*mmm^' % ft.i:^.n I *J^j ii ,^ #^-"^^ o 6 P3 ^OJllVJJO'^ <^ •CALiFO%^ ^OFCALIFO% Cic: 5C < ea ^. ^. ^-SfOjnvDjo'f^ ,^ME•UNIYER% ^ ^ ." __rv o ^UMNCFlfX^ ii: ( (? ',' ^ "-5 C3 vy ^^O.J ^OFCAlIFOff^ ^iMFUN(VER% 3 ■ S "^aaAiNiimv ..OF-'- ^ >&Alf v^lOSANCFlfj> "^bdAiNrt-aVlV CO 33 -^HIBRARY^^IIIBRARY(9/ 5 i ir*' ^ ^ ^. < ^^ ^•JfOJITV^JO"^ .^w^^' ^lOSAflCElfj;> ^OFCALIFO?^ ^OFCA1IFO% ^ ^ /ER9 Jf OF CA L 007 839 289 1 us «_3 UC SOUTHFRN RFGIONAL LIBRARY FACILITY AA 000 599 004 9 ss at- ^^AW{i8n# '^^^Aavaani'^ ^J3133nvsoi^ %iaAJ so .'^' 1^ ■r>. A f 1 ir^'^ i s 3? <^ ,5jflEUK''' . tirn^ si'-rr; «-, ^3 ^ u\ Cfc; ^. ^^Aavaan-i^ -VAUVi '>■;«:. A fj £±: ' !'V!^»,?r-y/',-. n <-3 y 3 ^OFO' ^OFCAUFO^/fe, (^ c-» s Tl ifn' JO>' so c^ - cxn