TC 824 C2 A2 no. 94:3 v.l UB4 aba Counties. The hydrographic unit contains 1,955 square miles and is drained by the Yuba River, the Bear River, and minor streams between the Yuba River on the north and Miners Ravine -.n the south. The two rivers meander on a generally vjesteiiy course to their terminations at the Feather River. -3- The minor streams south of the Bear River drain to the Sacramento River, The unit is bounded by the watersheds of the Feather Hiver on the north, the Truckee River on the east, and the American River on the souih. On the west it is bounded by the Sacramento Valley floor, defined in part by the western bounda- ries of Beale Air Force Base, Nevada Irrigation District^ and the City of Lincoln. Between Lincoln and Roseville, the edge of the valley floor is defined by an irregular line which apprc::im&v.:js the 200-foot contour. The more Important minor streams draining the foothill area, but not joining the Yuba or Bear Rivers within the unlx; boundaries, include French Dry Creek, Coon Creek, Auburn Ravine, Antelope Creek, and Miners Ravine. The \init boundary is shown in detail on the series of sheets comprising Plate 2, "Land and V/ater Use in Yuba-Bear Rivers Hydrographic Unit," For purposes of convenience and utility in report- ing data, the unit has been subdivided into 22 subunits. Locations of these subunits are shown on Plate 1, smd the area of each is shovm in Table 1. -4- z 3 < at {c I- o Z O - mO tn > < E lU K (C 4 < UJ 00 k CD 3 >- S c 1° c .» O • o h o — Q. o • X. s s % 8 S col UN 8888888888 voirsir\H H iriOJvOWCO W -* Pi ^ •iS^ ^ g 8 8 & » I 8 §1111 I S «^ ■3 1 s g d fc -5- Historical and Present Development The history of early development in the Yuba-Bear Rivers Hydrographic Unit parallels that of the California pioneers and gold miners. Many of the pioneers came west across the Sierra Nevada through this area in the latter 1^40' s, and the gold miners came soon thereafter. The first recorded explorations into the unit were made in about 1^39 by John A. Sutter, and were confined largely to the lower foothills. The first crossing of the Sierra Nevada v;as made by a pioneer party headed for Sutter's Fort in 1S44. In the same year the first settlement in this area was made on the north bank of the Bear River* at Johnson's Crossing, located near the western boundary of the unit. The discovery of gold at Coloma, on the South Fork of the American River in January IS4S, caused a great infl^ix of people into the Mother Lode region of California, which includes most of the hydrographic unit. These early gold seekers obtained gold from the shallow river sands and gravels by digging the flakes of gold from crevices in the bedrock of streambeds. D\iring the period from iSl+S to the early iS^O's there was a very rapid advance in methods and technology, and this crude method v/as soon followed by the use of the miner's pan and later in turn by the miner's cradle, the long tom, and the miner's sluice box. Later the ground-sluicing method and finally hydraulic mining v/ere developed. These improved methods were required as the easy-to-obtain shallow river -6- y gravels became exhausted and it was necessary to wash larger and larger amounts of gravel for pixifi table operation. Each of the new methods required an increasingly large amount of water, Groiind sluicing and hydraulic mining developed when it was discovered that ancient sidehill gravel deposits con- tained gold. By the ground-sluicing method a stream of water was brought to the gravel bank and allowed to flow over its face cind carry loosened gravel to a sluice below. This method brought about the discovery of hydraulic mining in I853, just north of Nevada City by Edward E. Mattison, who found that by using a hose and nozzle a stream of water under pressure could be used to undermine and wash the gravel into sluice boxes. This was a great improvement over the other method^ and its use started the construction of a great system of reservoirs and canals needed to supply water for dozens of large mines in the Sierran Gold Belt. Hydraulic mining was a boon to gold mining but was a great detriment to agriculture and to navigation on navigable streams in the Sacramento Valley. Large volumes of hydraulic mining debris were discharged into stream channels and by I858 some of the debris reached lower agricultural lands on the Yuba River. By I879 debris had caused the low-water plain at Sacramento to rise 5 to 5-I/2 feet," The damage done by the mining debris 'resulfe-d in considerable litigation and two injunction? which were obtained practically ended hydraulic mining in the Sacramento River Basin. In 1882 an -7- injunction was secured in the Superior Court in Sacramento County against the Gold Run Ditch and Mining Company, and on January 7> 1884, the Federal Court granted an injunction against the North Bloomfield Gravel smd Mining Compeiny, et al. In this federal case, Wooddruff v. North Bloomfield Gravel and Mining Company, et al.. Judge Lorenzo Sawyer's decision pro- hibited all hydraulic mining in areas tributary to the Sacramentc River, except that done behind a retaining wall or dam. Very few hydraulic mines continued in operation after that time. In 1893 the United States Congress . created the California Debris Commission which, among other duties, is charged to study practical methods v^hereby hydraulic mining may be resumed. The Debris Commission now licenses hydraulic mining operations and requires that they be carried on behind restraining dams. In addition, the commission can make surveys of sites for, and construct, debris control structures. At the present time the commission has constructed two such structures within the Yuba-Bear Rivers Hydrographic Unit. Ihese are the Daguerre Point Dam and the Englebright Dam on the Yuba River. In addition to these, Bullards Bar Dam constructed as a c3ebris control structure and the Nevada Irrigation District has re- served space in two of its reservoirs for storing mining debris. The final development in placer mining came in I898 when dredging of gold from river beds was first successfully accomplished. The dredges have increased in capacity and efficiency so that now a modem dredge may excavate 125,000 cubi( -8- y 3'-ards of material a week with a crew of only three or four men per shift. Gold dredging has been practiced on many- streams within the Yuba-Bear Rivers Hydrographic Unit, but currently the only dredging being practiced is on the Yuba River near Hammonton. About the same time that hydraulic mining was beginning, the working of hillside gravel and outcrops by means of shafts and adits was started. This method of mining, however, has not suffered from the restrictions placed on hydrauli eking, since no stream debris is created. Gold-bearing quartz was first found in the fall of 1850 in the gold field in Grass Valley. It has been estimated that $2 million worth of gold was taken from within a few feet of the surface of Gold Hill. The more important quartz mines in the Grass Valley area and the dates they were located are: Einpire Mine, I85O; Eureka Mine, I85I; North Lone Star Mine, 1852; and Idaho Mine, I867. The Eureka Mine ceased operation in 1914, while the others continued to operate until 1957 when the mines closed because of labor strife and the unprofitable price of gold. Gold production in California declined rapidly from the $80-million output of the peak year 1852, to $l8 million in 1865. In the eight-year period I852 to i860, the popu- lation of Nevada Coimty decreased from 21,000 to l6,450. Agriculture began in the Yuba-Bear Rivers Hydrographic Unit early in the history of the area because many of the miners v;ere better farmers than miners, and, soon tiring of their -9- Inability to find gold, resorted to farming to supply the miners with food. In I852 the Nevada County Assessor reported that 1,587 acres were under cultivation, and that during that year this acreage produced 14,310 bushels of barley, 307 bushels of oats, 299 tons of potatoes, and 50 tons of hay. The assessor's records for this period also show there were horses; mules; horned cattle, including work animals such as oxen; hogs; and poultry being raised in the county. The growth of agriculture in the early days, as reported in the assessor's report for other years, is shown by the fact that the number of fruit trees increased from about 3,200 to about 50,000 in the five-year period from I855 to i860. The total cultivated acreage in i860 is reported to have been 30,000 acres This is a twenty-fold increase in about eight years. Although mining and population decreased after I852, agriculture con- tinued to increase until about I88O. The completion of the overland railroad and the depletion of the mines in Virginia City contributed to a decline in foothill agriclture at this time. With the cessation of hydraulic mining in 1884, a further decline in population and agriculture was brought about. With the development of placer mining to a high degree, and the development of agriculture, many ditches were built to convey water from streams to the areas of use. Many ditches in use today were built in the l850's to l860's to support the mining industry and the growing agricultural lands. Some of these ditches, with their respective dates of con- struction, are Pine Grove Ditch, I85I; Newton Ditch, I85I; -10- Browns Val ley- Ditch in Browns Valley- Wise Powerhouse 1ir«iK!ffc*! Bear River Canal, 1852; Tunnel Ditch, 1:'^52; Excelsior Ditch, 1859; China Ditch, i860; Tarr Ditch, I86I; and the South Yuba Canal, the construction of v^hich v^as started about 1855 and completed about I865. Since settlers of all types needed housing, the great influx of mining was conducive to the development of the liimber industry in the area. The first lumber mills were built in the vicinity of Grass Valley in the early spring of 1850. It is estimated that the mountains in the eastern por- tion of the hydrographic unit contain about 560,000 acres of commercial pine and fir timber lands, 55 percent of which are now in private ownership. The estimated sustained lumber yield is 33*000,000 board feet cut, with a 1957 dollar value of about #2,500,000. Auburn, Grass Valley, and Nevada City, three of the principal cities of the hydrograohic unit, had their beginnings in the gold rush days of the l850's, and have continued in their relative prominence ever since- Many of the other early mining towns, such as Gold Run, Ophir, Gold Hill, Dutch Flat, Rough and Ready, North San Juan, Dovmieville, French Corral, Brown's Valley, and Smartville still exist, but only in a secondary role to their one-time glory. Other communities in the hydrographic unit are Rocklin, Loomis , Penryn, Newcastle, V/eimar, Lincoln, Cisco Grove, and Soda Springs. Many of the towns that flourished during the mining days, but nov/ are just memories, had quaint and unusual names such as V.'arloupa, Red Dog, New Town, Turkey Flat, Alpha, Omega, Timbuctoo and Sucker's Flat. -12- As has been previously noted, water development in the Yuba -Bear Rivers Hydrographic Unit began in I85O with the construction of ditches to convey water to mining developments and to serve mining communities. Hydroelectric power production began in about I897 with the construction of two small plants, one at AiiDurn and one at Newcastle, both of which have since ceased to operate. At present, 12 powerplants operate in the hydrographic unit, the oldest being the Alta Powerhouse, which was constructed in 1902. The other plants are Spaulding Powerhouses Nos, 1, 2, and 3; Drum Powerhouse; Dutch Flat Powerhouse; Halsey Powerhouse; VJise Powerhouse; Deer Creek Powerhouse; Colgate Powerhouse; Bullards Bar Powerhouse; and Narrows Powerhouse. All of the plants are operated by the Pacific Gas and Electric Company. Other water projects within the area include those for agriculture which are operated by the Browns Valley Irrigation District, the Nevada Irrigation District, and the Pacific Gas and Electric Company. Detailed descriptions of these hydroelectric and agricultural facilities are contained in Appendix D. The present development of ground water in the hydro- graphic unit is limited almost exclusively to domestic wells and to the water supply for Beale Air Force Base on the Sacramento Valley floor. Some of the surface water which flows from the hydrographic unit serves to recharge the ground water basin of the Sacramento Valley. -13- Recreational pursuits in the Yuba-Bear Rivers Hydrographic Unit have reached significant commercial pro- portions. There are many organizational and commercial camp- groxmds in addition to the many camping facilities operated by the U. S. Forest Service. Hunting, fishing, and winter sports in the area have led to development of summer and winter cabins in the national forests and on private lands. Water sports are popular recreational pursuits on the many lakes and reservoirs within the hydrographic xmit. The present (1960) population of the hydrographic unit is estimated to be 49,300. This is an increase of 22 percent over the I95O population of 40,300. The distri- bution of the i960 population by counties was: Placer County, 54 percent; Nevada County, 39 percent; and Sierra, Plumas and Yuba Counties, 7 percent. The present urban population of the unit is estimated to be l6,800. Natural Features Much of the terrain of the Yuba-Bear Rivers Hydro - graphic Unit is mountainous. Valley and foothill lands constitute only 5 percent and 35 percent, respectively, of the total area. The development of agricultural lands has been largely confined to those lands below an elevation of about 2,800 feet. There are, however, significant areas of wooded, less steeply sloping mountain lands at elevation above 5,000 feet which are suitable for recreational pursuits and mountain homes. -14- LxAmber mill near Woodleaf Re-saw operation In Cal-Ida Mill near Auburn The hydrograohic unit includes parts of tvra major geomorphic provinces of California. The westerly portion of the unit below about 500 feet in elevation is in the Great Valley geomorphic province, vdiile the remaining portion of the unit lies in the Sierra Nevada geomorphic province. The parent rock materials in the Great Valley geomorphic province are divided into three units: flood plains, low alluvial plains and fans, and dissected alluvial uplands. The dissected allu- vial uplands consist of gently rolling terrain merging with the Sierra Nevada foothills on the east. Cutting across all of these deposits are the stream deposits of the Yuba and Bear Rivers. The Sierra Nevada geomorphic province is developed on a tilted block, the eastern margin of which has been up- lifted along a series of faults. The western flank or dip slope of the great fault block slopes from 120 to iSO feet per mile tov/ard the west, and finally passes beneath the alluvial fill of the Sacramento Valley. The parent rock materials in this province are metamomhosed sediments and volcanics of probable Carboniferous age, together v.'ith granitic rocks which intruded into the metamorphosed rocks in upper Jurassic time. The granitic rocks are well exposed through- out the area. Overlying the granities and metamorphics in many places are Tertiary auriferous gravels and volcanics. The Yuba-Bear Rivers Hydrographic Unit can be divided into three major topographic zones for the purpose of distinguishing betv/een soil characteristics: (1) the valley zone, (2) the upland zone, and (3) the mountainous zone. -16- The valley zone, consisting of lands below about 5OO feet in elevation, comprises a narrow band along the westerly- edge of the hydrographic unit extending from Just west of Penryn to near Sheridan, The valley zone also includes the lands in the western portion of Beale Air Force Base. The upland zone comprises those lands between elevations of 500 and 2,500 feet, and extends easterly from the valley zone to a line which extends from just north of Colfax to Nevada City and to Challenge. The mountainous zone comprises the lands above the upland zone to the crest of the Sierra Nevada. The soils in the unit differ widely as to their age, their mode of formation, their parent rock material, and their environmental modification. The soils in the valley zone are of Recent and older alluvial origin, formed from the outwash material of the many streams transecting the area, and are characteristically quite mixed as to their parent rock material. The surface of the Recent alluvials is very smooth, while that of the older hardpan is gently undulating. Much of the older alluvial fill-type soils have been dredged by gold dredges, with the resulting jumbled piles of loose vjater-polished rock which make these areas unsuitable for irrigation development. However, some of the dredger tailings areas have been leveled and top soil has been added to create irrigable soils. The Recent alluvial soils are characterized by coarse-textured soils having little or no agricultural development. In contrast to these, the older alluvial soils are fine-textured and are more agriculturally developed than -17- the older valley fill clay pans and hardpans. The uniformity of this alluvial belt is broken by an area of very shallow and rocky soils which exists along the easterly portion of the land between Roseville and Lincoln. In this area the soils, which are extremely rocky and generally have a depth of less than 1 foot, were formed over the remnant of an ancient tuffaceous volcanic mudflow, and for the most part are not suited for agricultural development. In the upland zone the soils are primarily residual soils which were derived from basic igneous and metavolcanic parent rock material. Much of the irrigable land in the hydrographic unit that has been classified as being rocky (see Chapter IV) is located along the western portion of this zone. The major soil bodies in the mountainous zone are restricted to the tops of several long, rather gently sloping finger-like ridges. In addition there are a few scattered parcels of Recent alluvial soils found in rather isolated valleys. Soils in the mountainous zone are deep, rather rocky, having a reddish-brown color, and are clay-loam in texture. In addition to the three major zones, a small area between the valley ajid upland zones in the southern portion of the unit may be designated as an inteiroediate zone. This zone is located in the Loomis-Aubum area and extends from Polsom Lake in a northwesterly direction through Penryn to the Gold Hill region. -18- The interaiediate zone contains primarily residual soils formed from a granitic parent rock, material, with many large granitic outcroppings being well exposed throughout the zone. The soils are characterized by being rather sandy and pliable at the surface, gradually grading into clay-loam eubsoils with deptsh of 3 to 4 feet, even in close proximity to rock outcroppings. The drainage of these soils depends almost entirely upon the surface slope. This condition leads to ponding in draws or depressions, while the sloping soils drain quite rapidly. Climate The climate of the Yuba-Bear Rivers Hydrographic Unit is characterized by long, dry summers and cool, rainy winters. About 90 percent of the precipitation occurs during the period from November through March. There is some summer thunder- shower activity at the higher elevations, but the total pre- cipitation from these storms constitutes only about 3 percent of the seasonal total. At the higher elevations most of the precipitation occurs as snow, the average snowline elevation being 4,800 feet on April 1 of the average year. The general precipitation pattern in the unit increases from west to east with Increasing elevation, to a maximum somewhat west of the crest of the Sierra Nevada, The topographic zones used to describe soils are also helpful in describing the topographic features which influence the variation in precipitation. In the valley zone -19- such topographic features are confined almost entirely to changes in elevation. The average seasonal precipitation in this zone varies from 23 inches to 28 inches, with an overall average of about 26 inches. Other than changes in elevation, the first local orographic effects which cause variations in precipitation are notices in the upland zone. In this zone some funneling of storms occurs in the steeper stream channels. The average seasonal precipitation is 46 inches, and the variation in average seasonal precipitation in the zone is from 24 inches at the lower elevations to 73 inches at the higher. The local orographic effects vary the greatest in the mountainous zone of the hydrographic unit. The average seasonal precipitation in this zone is 63 inches, with a variation in average seasonal precipitation of from 42 inches to 83 inches. Precipitation in the mountainous zone occurs both as rain and snow. Several long-record precipitation stations are located within the unit. Table 2 shows the mean annual precipitation based on, or corrected to, the period 1905-1955, and the corresponding elevation at selected stations , -20- TABLE 2 MEAN* ANlWAi PRE.GIBITATION AT SELECTED STATIONS IN YUBA-BEAR RIVERS HYDROGRAPHIC UNIT Station : Elevation : Precipitation : Period of (in inches) : record 239 Rocklin 22.74 1896-1963 Aubui'n 1,297 34.80 1870-1963 Colfax 2,418 45.59 1870-1963 Grass Valley 2,693 53.25 1872-1963 Camptonville Ranger Station 2,7^5 60.42 1907-1963 Do'wnieville Ranger Station 2,895 60.84 1908-1963 Deer Creek Powerhouse 3,700 66.95 1907-1963 Blue Canyon 4,750 59.50 I899-IS63 Cisco Ranger Station 5,739 64.51 1870-1^63 Norden Summit 7,017 45.49 1878-1926 *Mean period 1905-1955. "Mean period" is a period which is believed to represent conditions of water supply and climate over a long period of time. Records indicate a wide variation of temperature wxthin the Yuba-Bear Rivers Hydrographic Unit. The maximum recorded temperature is 118° F. and the minimum is -28° F. The mean annual temperatures in the hydrographic unit decrease somewhat with increasing elevation. The mean annual tempera- tures in the valley, upland, auid mountainous zones are esti- mated to be 61°, 57°j and 49° F., respectively. Table 3 presents temperature data and correspond :.ng elevations at selected stations in and near tlie Yuba-Bea-r Rivers Hydrographic Unit. -21- TABLE 3 SWU'IARY OF RECORDED TEMPERATURES AT SELECTED STATIONS IN OR NEAR THE YUBA BEAR RIVERS HYDROGRAPHIC UNIT 9 : Temp era ture- > Average frost-free period in days . Period Station • Ele- vation : degrees F of : Average Average : maximum : Annual average , record in feet : minimum Marys vi lie 62 48.8 75.7 61.7 284** 1934-1963 Rocklin 239 45.6 75.0 60.3 234** 1932-1963 Auburn 1,297 47.2 73.5 60.5 271** 1933-1963 Dobbins -Colgate 1,550 46.8 73.7 60.8 255*** 1934-19^3 Colfax 2,418 45.8 71.1 58.8 225** 1932-1963 Nevada City 2,500 36.8 70.1 53.5 l43*«* 1932-1963 Grass Valley 2,693 47.6 71.8 59.7 240** 1932-1963 Downieville 2,895 36.6 68.8 52.5 140*** 1934-1963 Ranger Statioi 1 Deer Creek 3,700 36.9 64.2 50.3 133** 1932-19.63 Lake Spaulding 5,156 33.4 61.4 47.7 101** 1932-19P3 Blue Canyon 5,280 38.3 62.2 50.3 ]_44*** 1940-1963 Bov;raan Dam 5,347 38.3 60.8 49.6 137*** 1934-19.63 *Based on period from first year of record to 1959. **Average for period 1924-1950. ***Average for period I948-I958. The frost-free period shovjn in Table 3 repre- sents the average period, in days, between the last day in spring and the first day in fall when the daily minimum temperature fell below 32 degrees Feihrenheit. Water Resources Since the Yuba River heads near the crest of the Sierra Nevada, flow in the river is extended into the siimmer beyond the main precipitation period by melting of the high elevation snow- pack. Long-term records of runoff have been obtained for about 90 percent of the Yuba River drainage in the hydrographic linit -22- from the stream gaging stations "Yuba River Near Smartville, " for the period I903 to 1941; and "Yuba River at Englebright Dam", ajid "Deer Creek near Smartville, " combined, for the period 1941 to 1958. The Yuba River contributes an average of about 86 percent of the total runoff from the hydrographic unit. The Bear River, with less than 1 percent of its drainage area above the 5^ 000-foot elevation where the snow- pack occurs, depends largely on storage water and imported v^ater for its summer flow. Long-term records of the runoff from Bear River were determined by using the records of the stream gaging station "Bear River at Van Trent" for the period 1904-1927, and by adding the quantities of water diverted by the Camp Far West Irrigation District to recorded 2?unoff at the station "Bear FLLver near VJheatland" for the period 1929 to 1959. The Bear River contributes about 14 percent of the total runoff from the hydrographic unit. Pertinent information synthesized from records of the tvjo rivers are summarized in Table 4 and 5 to indicate the general characteristics of runoff in the unit. The amounts reported are the measured runoff and do not include amounts diverted from the streams within the hydrographic unit. -23- TABI,E h RECORDED RUNOFF BEAR RIVER NEAR UNIT BOUNDARY Annual runoff ; Discharge, Period in : in percent: cubic feet acre-feet: of averagetper second 338,700 100 23,100 7 725,400 214 Average runoff for period of record, 1904-05 through 1957-58 less 1928 and 1929 year's Runoff in minimiim year of record, 1923-24 Runoff in maximum year of record, I906-O7 Runoff in driest 6-month period of record. May through October 1924 2,940 Runoff in wettest 6-month period of record November I906 through April 1907 672,200 Maximiom recorded instantaneous flow, December 22, 1955 — — 33,000 Runoff in the maximum month of record January 1909 295,500 Runoff in 1956-57 water year (Oct 1-Sept 30) 228,100 67 Runoff in 1957-58 weter year (Oct 1-Sept 30) 497,900 147 -24- TABLE 5 RECORDED 1-iUNOPP ^UBA RIVER NEAR UNIT BOUNDAR'j! Annual Runoff : Discharge," In :ln percent: cubic feet acre-feet; of average; per second Perioystem Dutch Flat Developers Boardman Canal System Individual water users Boardman Car.al Sj'-stem Hidden Valley Hidden Valley Water Co. Boardman Canal System Lincoln Lincoln Municipal Water Dept. Bear River Canal " Loomis Individual water users Boardman Canal System Golden Hills Water Company Boardman Canal System Meadow Vista Meadow Vista Water Users Boardman Canal System Newcastle Individual water users Boardman Canal System Penryn Individual water users Bear River Canal " Rocklin Individual water users Boardman Canal System Shady Glen Individual water users Boardman Canal System -32- y Nevada Irrigation District Location Delivery made to Auburn^/ Individual water users Bear River Pines Glenbrook^/ Grass Valley Nevada City^/ Grass Valle; Nevada City] Newtown Ophir Rough and Ready Smart ville Individual water users Individual water users Grass Valley Municipal V/ater Department Individual water users Nevada City Municipal Water Department Individual water users Individual water users Individual water users Individual water users Individual water users Primary source Gold Hill Canal & water delivered from PGocE Cascade Canal D-S Canal D-S Canal D-S Canal Snow Mountain Ditch D-S Canal and Snow Mountain Ditch Newtown Ditch Gold Hill Canal Rough and Ready Ditch China Ditch 1/ Includes urban areas in the vicinity of Auburn and between Auburn and Colfax along Highway 40 that are outside Nevada Irrigation District. 2/ Includes only the suburbs to the north of Auburn that are Inside Nevada Irrigation District. / Includes urban areas in vicinity of Glenbrook. / Includes only outlying suburbs of Grass Valley. / Does not Include total water supply of city. / Includes only outlying suburbs of Nevada City. Urban water service, other than that of Pacific Gas and Electric Company and Nevada Irrigation District, is provided in the following localities: Location Supplier Source Alleghany Alleghany County Water Springs tributary District to Kanaka Creek Beale Air Force U. S, Air Force Ground water Base Browns Valley Browns Valley Irrigation North Yuba River District Camptonville Camptonvllle Water Service Campbell Gulch Challenge Harry Mulock Tributary to Golden Gate Ravine -33- Location Dobbins DownievUle French Corral Qraniteville La Porte Nevada City2/ North Bloom- field Strawberry Valley Washington Supplier E, A. Ingersoll Downieville Public Utility District Minona Mining Companyi/ Qraniteville Water Works La Porte Water District Nevada City Water Dept. North Bloorafield Community System Soper-Wheeler Company V/ashington Water Supply Source Spring tributary to Dobbins Creek Downie River and Pauley Creek j Shady Creek I Poorman Creek Springs tributary to Rabbit Creek Little Deer Creek Humbug Creek Sly Creek (Feather River Hydrographl Unit) Canyon Creek 1/ System leased and operated by French Corral County " Water District. 2/ Serves only portion of city. Water Rights Water rights are an important consideration in the determination of availability of waters which are surplus to the present smd future needs of an area wherein the waters originate. Data were therefore obtained with respect to apparent water rights in connection with the surface water diversions described herein. Ihese rights may be based on appropriation or on riparian status, and may have been de- fined by adjudication proceedings. The California law of water rights, including both surface and underground water, is described briefly in Appendix C. Most of the water use in the Yuba-Bear Rivers Hydrographic Unit is based on appi?opriative rights established since 1914. As of May 29, 1959* a total of 470 currently valid -34- y applications had been made in the unit under the provisions of the Water Commission Act of 1914. Permits or licenses had been granted for 392 of these applications, 52 were pending with the State Water Rights Board, and 26 were incomplete as of that date. All the applications are tabulated in Appendix C, Table C-1. Water rights are rights in property which, because of their often obscure establishment, are frequently the subject of controversy and litigation. In the Yuba-Bear Rivers Hydrographic Unit only one major suit has taken place and, as a result, six diversions reported herein divert under an adjudicated water right. This action is further described in Appendix C. Surface Water Diversions An attempt was made during the survey to locate and obtain data with respect to all diversions of more than 10 acre-feet per year. All diversions actually in use in 1957, plus those which had been used within the preceding five years, were Included. Ihe date of last use, if known, is recorded for such discontinued diversion. Direct diver- sions, as well as those involving significant surface stor- age, were located. All reservoirs which had surface areas of about three acres or more were mapped. Three acres is approximately the minimum area which can be determined with reasonable accuracy by the methods utilized. Reservoirs located along and operated in conjunction with canals and -35- ditches are shown on the land and water use maps, but are not considered as separate systems and are not assigned location numbers. Similarly, water supplies obtained from small inter- mittent streams intercepted by canal systems, which add to the primary diverted supply, are not classed as separate diversions. In some situations water users have made efficient use of water by rediverting field runoff or spill collected from their own upstream diversion systems. In this investiga- tion, such points of redlversion are neither located on the maps nor assigned numbers. If return flow from another water user's operation is rediverted,or if there is doubt as to the origin of the water, the diversion is delineated and assigned a number. Diversion systems of water companies or groups of water users are considered as single units; individual customer distribution points are not shown on the maps. In situations where a water-serving agency sells water to an individual by releasing to a stream channel for redlversion below, the individual's diversion was considered as a separate diversion if water in addition to the purchased water was diverted. These diversions were measured and the amounts diverted are reported as either including or not Including the water puchased from the water agency. Ihere were 37^ diversions of surface water located in the unit in 1957. These are classified by primary use as follows: -36- y Primary use Irrigation and/or stockwatering Hydroelectric power production Mining' Urban water supply Recreation Domestic Industrial Debris control Export for irrigation outside of unit Number of diversions 275 42 15 12 11 9 7 1 2 374 Total Many of these diversions have multiple uses but are listed under what is considered their primary use. For example, Nevada Irrigation District and Pacific Gas and Electric Company diversion systems delivering water to Lake Spaulding are all considered as power diversions, while their diversions further downstream are considered as being for irrrigation, although most are used also for domestic, municipal, and mining purposes. Points of diversion and main canals or pipelines used to convey water from them are delineated on the 23 sheets of Plate 2, entitled "Land emd Water Use," Nevada Irrigation District diversions are generally shown on sheets 1 and 2 of Plate 4, entitled "Water Supply System of Nevada Irrigat.Lon District." Pacific Gas and Electric Company diversions are generally shown on sheets 1 and 2 of Plate 5* entitled "Power and Water Supply Systems of Pacific Gas and Electric Company." -37- Numbering System for Surface V/ater Diversions Surface water diversions are numbered to indicate their approximate location by township, range, and section within the federal land survey system. In this report, each section is subdivided into 40-acre plots, and the diversions are numbered within each of these 40-acre plots according to the order in which they were located. This system is Illustrated on Plate 2. For example, diversion 16N/8E-14C1, which is shown on sheet l6 of Plate 2 labeled as "14C1," is the first diversion located in the northeast quarter of the northwest quarter of Section l4 in Township 16 North, Range 8 East, Mt. Diablo Base and Meridian (MDB&M). Descriptions of Surface Water Diversions Descriptions, history, and other information relating to surface water diversions were obtained by field inspection, by interview with water users or their repre- sentatives, and by reference to prior reports and official records. This information is summarized in Table 6. Data in the table are arranged by diversion location number within each subunlt. The purpose of each diversion, the amount of water diverted during part or all of the years 1957 and 1958 where measurements or estimates were available, the extent of use in 1957, such as the number of acres Irrigated, and the method of application of water are described in Table 6. If the purpose listed is not the usual use for that diversion, notation is made in the remarks column. The extent of domestic use is -38- version 17/6E-4H1 verting from y Creek Deer Creek Reservoir and Intake of D-S Canal specified only when five or more connections are served. Stock- watering of less than 10 head of livestock is considered to be a domestic use. The extent of irrigation use is based on the land use survey described in Chapter III. Detailed descriptions of the diversion systems, including dams, pvimps, and main conduits, as well as any special features, are included in Table 6. The diversions are classified in the table as gravity, pump, and storage, according to the following descriptions: Gravity diversion - A system in which water is taken from its natural course at a diversion struc- ture and conveyed by gravity through a canal or pipeline to the area of use- Such a diversion may have a reservoir on the stream, but the capacity is small compared with the amount of water diverted, and provides no significant carryover storage from winter to summer. Pump diversion - A system in which water is pumped from its natural co\jrse through a pipeline to the area of use or to a gravity conduit located at a higher elevation. Storage diversion - A system consisting of or including a surface reservoir having significant carryover storage within each season or from season to season. Systems not exclusively of one of these basic types are listed as combinations of those types which best describe them. The type of water right under which the respective diversions are considered to be made is indicated in Table 6 as the "apparent water right." The determination of this item is based upon the best information available from the owner, from files of the State V/ater Rights Board, from court decrees and other official records, or from other sources. -40- y u u P BCD « • V -I o u -H £ « O -tS £r-l -P t. 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U -H u ^ i b tl-OU^QOO L. n p o ^ o c CO [^ u. A ^ •s *i % ^ ■& u I&3 4J -o -a "-H ■H ,H u c o " ^lOx) -C-g O -H +J £ c t^ O *J H o x; iTs i x: cd +> 2 K 01 *J ol Es-'t 3J°. ^^ ^•j . § ^ *'^S o a. ro x: c ** ■S o T3 $ oj x: T) t>. '(^ x: § M*f 1- ^"2 SS^ 5 S'S^- 3 o o "S TI O TJ V o u a -H •o t) t, "^ m ■SA »- -^^ t, <0 s v -^ fl) +J ** H c 88 I.-&1 •O o o IS'S a-P ^ Cm 4> o > *> x: r- J --^ J2 *> z:^ 1 o ■o ^ irvx; tt) «55 ••>*J O ■"^ O 9} A 5S^ >i£ >% V c^ >t - S"*! *3 « £ x: S-&5 •H -H > -H > ^ ?<^,■S r^ > ■'-' -^ x: a c^ J :S T3 w ^ o rt x: E V3 i C3 41 ■^ i Indicoted dote of appro - priotion or first usa Is S3 is 5 4 !§ 38 o to 4-1 Is ^ c « 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ^ 1 „ 1 1 1 1 ' 1 i ^ tr TJ •- O) «• C 1 c 1 o E o 1 1 1 1 f ^ 1 1 1 o < ^1 o CI CI c\ § < n D a a a. cn 0)1 ^ 2 £> tt a. 2 Q. a e a- * ^ -o % o: « in tn n 1 g S 1 '6 o S Irl $1 ^ S e B -P < -a o O o O o a Z H z Z z cc nc bC r- t: c o ■ H •H •8 1 1 c 1. o o o t^ as 1 • l' >. H >,i >. >* o«. X! H J -H J3 J3 • ^ o TJ 01 g « a m n 1- T3 a n T3 i) t3 o t. 5 t. t V « 41 (^ t. tft o V a' 4^ o s n) ^ t. L. i. t. ji: ■-« ^ 0) o o o 4) £ 3 0) J= OJ X 4! i) t. «M ^ (m ■P (h ■P Li 3 •H O 3 O 3 O O _o o o O to E-- s JC to to c o a d e ;ij •o 5 s o u: ec ?.. s ■g S u l« 5 c: 5 Ill X 5 u 3 c 43 • a) *J rH c o « q 5 o III 35 3 1 f S X S" as S!S 33 as S^ SCS Si ~ 1 -i) R-^ fj-^ ~^ cv S" s-- !|1b! SI ^$ 3 43 tC 4) rj ^! o 3 ;r • Q ^^x: ■^s,^ "^x "^ £ ■^x ^-^x: 'v^X _» c a • z a SG^tO 3?K Z^m ac to z to Z CO X ir\,^ ^^w 3v^ sO--' ^O^-' •o^-* vO*-. ^ "^ ""* rH -80- y The actual amount of the right. If established and known, and a reference to the source of data are also included. Although this Information is believed to be accurate, it is emphasized that it is not based on sworn claims or testimony and should in no v;ay be construed to represent a conclusive determination of water rights. Diversions for which the apparent water rights are based on adjudication are listed as "adjudicated," and those based on appropriative rights are listed as "appropriative. " Those v;hich have been neither adjudicated nor based on appro- priation, but for which the area of use is apparently riparian to the stream or the owner claims such, are listed as "riparian." Diversions listed as adjudicated or appropriative may also be riparian, although no attempt was made in such cases to determine the riparian status. In the case of an adjudicated right, the amount of the decreed right is tabulated. For an appropriative right, the amount tabulated is that found in the filing, if any, or in the application, or in the latest permit or license which may have been issued in connection with the application. The reference given for an appropriation initiated after the effective date of the Water Commission Act (I9l4) is the number of the application on file with the State Water Rights Board. For appropriations prior to 191^, the reference, if known, is the book and page number of the official county record in which the filing is recorded. Such filings were made in accordance -81- with Sections l4lO and l422 of the Civil Code, as enacted In 1872, v;hlch preserved the priority of a diligent approprlator from the time of filing and enabled him to prevail over a concurrent nonstatutory approprlator. V/hen a mention of the water right is made in the patent or deed of the property, and if no other reference Is known, either "patent" or "deed" is given as a reference. Detailed information vilth respect to diversions v/hich could not be adequately presented in Table 6 is included in Appendix D. The information relates to diversions by Browns Valley Irrigation District, Nevada Irrigation District, and Pacific Gas and Electric Company. Records of Surface Water Diversions Continuous or periodic measurements of surface water diversions were made by the Department of Water Resources during part or all of the years 1957 and 1958 whenever It was feasible to measure the flows. Most of the diversions for nonagrlcultural uses and some of those used for agriculture are operated throughout each year. Substantially all diversion measurements were started in March or April of 1957^ prior to the commencement of intensive irrigation, and the measurements were continued through the irrigation season. Measurements of the year- round diversions were continued into 1958 to obtain a -82- y complete year of record, and diversxons for which measure- ments were not started until late in 1957 were measured through 1958. A few diversions were located at a late stage in the survey, and no measurements or estimates of these were attempted. Results of the measurement program are summarized in five tables. Table 7 presents monthly records of surface water diversions of individual diverters; Table 8 presents monthly records of surface water diversions by Nevada Irrigation District; Table 9 presents monthly records of surface water diversions by Pacific Gas and Electric Compa..yj Table 10 presents monthly records of surface water imports and exports; and Table 11 presents monthly records of misct*!- laneous strearaflows required for computing consumptive use. Measurements of each diversion: were made at a location above the area of first use and as close to the diversion mtalce as possible, but below any regulatory spill. Exceptions are noted in the tables. Determinations of diverted quantities were made primarily by measurement of open channel flow and by testirs.^ of pamps. Periodic current meter measuranents of open channel flow were made during the diversion season to obta.'. n channel ratings. Hsxq water surface stage was recorded either by weekly observations of a staff gage or with a continuous water stage recorder, from which quantities of flow were calculated. Existing weirs were used whenever available. Hiese observations were supplemented by inter- view of water users to obtain additional staff gage readin/-2rs -83- and to obtaxix data on possible abinipt changes in operationG between readings. On some diversions, vnhere measurements were normally made by the diverter, the records were obtained from the diverter. The values in Tables? through 11 are based on various liiethods listed in the column entitled, "Method of observation and calculation," Vflien the monthly data were sufficiently reliable, monthly values are shown. When the diversion for a given period is known to have been zero, it is so indicated. The data, however, were sometimes not sufficiently detailed to .justify a breakdown into monthly values. IVhen data ware incomplete or uncertain, they are designated as estimates. Notations regarding the extent of irrigation period indicate the overall period of irrigation, but not necessarily that daily or continuous irrigation was practiced through the period. Notations that a stream source was "dry" at a cer- tain time indicate that streajnflow was so low as to make diversion infeasible. -84- y z o CO IE I- >i (El |S >A . 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T3 r-t t^ -g rH ^^ o « C « 5S£ 5§£ « « rt al CO S 3 3 S >! 5 5 5 R « O 3 ^ d ■c o O O -P c « « to tn CO « *- » * o E o t ^ 8 ? ? =" — 01 E 1 C fH rH O • s ^-j o 4 O i "^ s -s £|S 4> CQ H rH r-l ttts e o t «a -gs > S fl> «■ « O o f'lO -SOtHO 43 £ • •< 5 o c5 o 4) E o ,_ c « 3 o. c s KM ^ 5 CO n •j li h ^ 1 3 «^ t ss^ bi ^M a 5 > ■#"= 5 fit) P 1 % o h o o (0 -+> ^ |S s s s o CO c 9 « •- a ° E 1 T ! 1 1 _) "= ill » ^ C « wi O -103- Index to Surface VJater Diversions For convenience of the reader, an alphabetical index of diversion owners and diversion names, along with the subunit location of each diversion and reference to map and page numbers on which data concerning each appears, is shown on Table 15 at the end of this chapter. Imports and Exports Import s Imports of surface water to the unit consist of five diversions from adjacent watersheds for use in the Yuba-Bear Rivers Hydrographic Unit. They are Lake Valley Canal, Pulp Mill Canal, and Towle Canal, all owned by Pacific Gas and Electric Company and diverting from the American River watershed; and Bean Ditch and Oroville- Wyandotte Canal, diverting from the Feather River watershed. Lake Valley Canal diverts from the North Fork of North Fork American River to supplement the Drum Canal, while the Pulp Mill Canal and the Towle Canal divert from Canyon Creek, which is a tributary to the North Fork American River, to supplement the Boardman Canal. Bean Ditch diverts from Sly Creek for irrigation of So acres and for supply to the community of Strawberry Valley. Oroville-Wyandotte Irrigation District's Oroville- Wyandotte Canal diverts from Lost Creek and passes through the Yuba-Bear Rivers Hydrographic Unit, but its primary use is in the Feather River watershed. The only service from the ditch in the unit is to the Sacramento Box and Lumber Company mill at Woodleaf. -104- Exports Five diversions in the Yuba-Bear Rivers Hydrographic Unit divert water from the unit for uses in the American River and Feather River vgatersheds and the Sacramento Valley floor. Pacific Oas and Electric Company's Boardraan and Bear River Canals e3q)ort portions of their supplies to the American FLLver watershed and the Sacramento Valley floor for irrigation, domestic, and municipal uses, and the excess is released to Polsom Reservoir on the American River. The areas .served by these diversions outside the unit extend along the southern hydrographic unit boundary from the Dutch Plat area to Roseville. Ihe primary area irrigated is in the American River watershed to the south of Auburn. That portion of the City of Roseville outside of the Yuba-Bear Rivers Hydrographic Unit is the principal municipal service area outside the unit. The simount exported by these diver- sions in 1958 was about 17^,300 acre -feet, of which a large portion was spilled to Folsom Reservoir. Camp Far West Reservoir stores water on the Bear River for supply to Camp Par West Irrigation District on the Sacramento Valley floor. Diversion 17N/6E-4H1, owned by Frank Carmichael, diverts water from Dry Creek for use in the Feather River watershed, on the Sacramento Valley floor, and in the Yuba- Bear Rivers Hydrographic Unit. During the irrigation season April through October, water is exported to the Feather River and Sacramento Valley areas for irrigation purposes. During -105- the period November through March, water is released from the diversion to Tennessee Creek in the Feather River area from which it is delivered to the Browns Valley Irrigation District by redi version to the Browns Valley Ditch. Part of this water is used in the hydrographic unit and the remainder is exported to the Sacramento Valley floor. The water delivered to the district is in exchange for water supplied by the district to Prank Carmichael for use on the Sacramento Valley floor during the irrigation season. Browns Valley Ditch serves areas in the Feather River watershed and the Sacramento Valley floor within the Browns Valley Irrigation District principally for irrigation, domestic uses, and stockwatering. Qf the 20,036 acre-feet of water diverted during the period of measurement in 1957* 4,882 acre-feet were exported. In years when surplus water is available to Nevada Irrigation District in Placer County, portions of such water are released down Auburn Ravine for sale to users on the Sacramento Valley floor. A total of: 11,220 acre-feet of such water was sold in 1958. For records of measured quantities of -water exported to other hydrographic units, or impoi?ted to the unit, see Table 10. Locations of points of import and export are designated on Plate 2. -106- ot 0-2 ^1 5»S Q. O E » o 2 E a.- 2i2 o c o §E2 &-0 ^ o * o «- *- a. 5-P • Tt [ C « « T< Is !i s 1 K S 1 « 1 s R i 5 § o s s § o s «o o s § S s 1 s S a 1 S S s » S R ? 5 ? ^ (< o c -^ u o a-H 5£«£ «£«£ 1 " 5-S£ ■s 5 5£«£ 1 11 s i s-s t 3 3 I I I ■-St £ 51! I I I a s » 3 MS -107- <0 I- it Q-Z '4 ,0: So ^ S o 111 ^ ii lis "5 c o SeS 5? Si CO* -H - J 111 §331 li:! I 5t=j >|3§ . »t ... ... lilt; 5Jg.f SIS'" ^ H jr O O >^ CSBl Sep.!. u 6 ;><-: !,€."» C C &> sesS. sets ssss &55^S5 s&s^r a s a s a 6S 3 « « o « 3 ^ *^ ° o ♦* * 'S^ ^ ^ ■» I -^ (9 I - iJ n (. £ *J Mx: * I. O Q-rA El I i ■s I?? S J " *. ■* ^ 1,1 U Tj ** " ll «i^^ 6vj*> S*"*' p^ |ll fla |i5 q 3 > ^ 4> s »! 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T) t. o m » i-i d tfVt o M^ -P s > £ tcv* o O) I ^ MJ= -P MOO o o q br t* r-t c C0 o Vt o m C £ -P o ^ c* u V an m O 9 •a a 5 » r o n fl) rH C toCM o (4 I -H W£ -P -g a « » X o m (D i-i C bJVi O "5 3 o on cd ffl t-( o ■P -O I -H o -P d t* o a>H V c£ <^»5 ■5lt >i a) o 315 •H -D ■H t-f t o s -P t* S sg 3j«: o ID o ? o c ■H o --^ it .% 8 5 Q C O SI'S o > tt?. t* e a <~i -p -109- Consumptive Use Consiimptive use is defined as the quantity of water transpired by plants, retained in plant tissue, and evaporated from the plants and surrounding land and water surfaces. This also includes water similarly consumed by urban and nonvegetati'v types of land use. In the Yuba-Bear Rivers Hydrographic Unit, the largest quantity of water diverted from surface streams is utilized for the production of hydroelectric power, but by far the largest consumptive use of water is by irrigated agriculture Often the consumptive use of .electric power generation is neg- ligible, but, in this unit, evaporation from the large storage reservoirs and extensive canal systems used jointly for pov/er generation and irrigation is significant. In this bulletin, however, no attempt was made to determine consumptive use of wat for uses other than those associated with vegetated areas. ^j The total annual consxomptive use of applied water for irrigation in the Yuba-Bear Rivers Hydrographic Unit is estimate to have been ^1,000 acre-feet in 1957 and 195S' This is estimat from the cropping pattern, v^ich was assumed to be the same in 195^ as was surveyed in 1957 > and the unit crop consumptive use of applied water values published in State V/ater Resources Board Bulletin No. 2. A consumptive use study was conducted in the hydro- graphic unit to determine the relationship of consumptive use oi applied irrigation water to depletion of water supply. This study is described in the following paragraphs. -110- Consumptive Use St^dy The availability of recorded diversion measurements and the hydrologic characteristics of the foothill lands in the Yuba- Bear JRivers Hydrographic Unit offered an unusual opportunity to directly determine the consumptive use of applied water plus inci- dental consumptive losses, or total depletion of water suprily, in several areas.. The determination of this total in each of three areas comr)rised a consumptive use study conducted in 195^- In each study area the total water consumed by the irrigated crops and by other consu-nptive losses which occurred in the process of deliver- ing water to primary users, concentrating return flov;s, and redi- vertijig viater to secondary users was considered to be equal to the difference between measured inflow and outflow from each area during the period of measurement. A prime factor which made such deter- minations possible is that there is little or no ground water storage or usage in the foothill areas of the unit. The information resulting from this study will be of value v/hen estimating future water requirements for this and similar foothill areas. Three predominantly agricultural areas v;ithin the unit were chosen for the consximptive use study. These areas, as depicted on Plate 6 entitled "Consximptive Use Study Areas, Yuba-Bear Rivers Hydrograohic Unit", are Auburn Ravine-Coon Creek Study Area, RockLin Study ^rea, and Squirrel Creek Study Area. In each area water is imported by canals and distributed to the water usersi and retvirn flov; to natural stream channels is rediverted at several locations for re-use- In the case of the Auburn Ravine-Coon Creek and Rocklin Study Areas, some water is transported through the areas -111- without use for irrigation. In the summer months streams within the areas are sustained entirely by impoirted water. Water enter- ing and leaving each area was measured in 195d» By subtracting the outflow from the inflovr for each area the portion of v/ater entering the area which was consumed within the area was determined Flow measurements were made during the principal irri- ^ gation period, June through September, for each area except the Auburn Ravine-Coon Greek Study Area vdiere no measurements vrere made in Septanber. Results of the measurements are shown in Tables 12, 13, and 14. The total June through September consumptive use of applied vrater by irrigated crops within each of the three study areas was estimated. These estimates were made by reducing sea- sonal unit crop consumptive use of applied water values that were published in State W,ater Resources Board Bulletin No. 2 by 19 per- cent to account for the partial season period of analysis. The value of 19 percent was determined by utilizing monthly atmometer measurements of evaporation obtained in the area in 195^- The estimated value of consumptive use 6f applied water by crops is comr>ared v.lth the measured values of total depletion in each area in the following paragraphs. On the average, in the three study areas 63 percent of the total depletion was accoiinted for by the consumptive use of water by crops. This comparison is an indi- cation of incidental losses that may be incurred in iri*igation de- velopments in foothill areas having cultural and irrigation prac- tices similar to those in the areas considisred in this Study. Descriptions of the three study areas and calculations of consumptive use are presented in the following paragraphs. -112- i I Auburn Ravine -Coon Creek Study ^rea . Auburn Havine-Ccon Creek Study Area, xvhich connrises the Auburn Ravine and Coon Creek Subunits, has an area of approximately 73 > 100 acres- These lands range from valley lands north of Lincoln, at an elevation of about 100 feet, to steeply sloping lands near Applegate, at elevations up to 2,100 feet. The vrater consumed in this area during the period June througii August 195^ was determined from measurements to be 33 > 200 acre-feet as shovm in Table 12. It was estimated, from amounts consumed in the other study areas and from the 1956 atmometer data, that an additional 10,400 acre-feet of water was consumed in Septen±)er 195 3« Thus the supply to the area was de- pleted by an estimated 43>600 acre-feet of v/ater during the period June through September. The area under irrigation v;ithin the study area was approximately 17>S30 acres. The total June through September 195^ estimated consumptive use of applied water by crops on this acreage was 27>400 acre-feet. The crop distribution and the estimated consumptive use by individual crons vydLthin the area are tabulated below: Estimated consumptive use of applied v/ater by crops June through September 1958 Unit value : Total in feet ; in acre-feet Area Crop in acres Pasture 11,000 Orchard 6,470 Hay (alfalfa) 140 Truck, berry, and grain 120 Field 100 1.8 1.1 1.8 0.6 0.8 17,830 19,800 7,100 300 100 100 27,400 -113- The ratio of the quantity of consi;miptive use of applied water by- crops (27>400 acre-feet) to the total depletion (43 > 600 acre-feet) indicates that about 63 percent of the total water depleted is consumed by the irrigated crops. Rocklin Study Area . Rocklin Study Area, with the same boundaries as Rocklin Subunit, has a total area of about 36>700 acres consisting primarily of rolling foothills. As shown in Table 13 > approximately 21,400 acre-feet of the water sunplied to this area during the period June through September 1953 was de- pleted. The irrigated area which received water was about 11,070 acres. The total June through September 195^ estimated consumptive use of applied v/ater by crops on this acreage was 13>700 acre-feet. The estimated consumptive use by the individual crops, and the crop distribution within the area are tabulated below: Estimated consumptive use of applied water by crops June through September 19 5 B Area Unit value : Total CroTD in acres in feet : in acre-feet Pasture 2,030 l.S 3,700 Orchard d,S20 1.1 9,700 Hay (alfalfa) 90 1.8 200 Truck and berry 60 0.6 40 Field 70 0.3 60 11,070 13,700 The ratio of the quantity of consumptive use of applied water by crops (13,700 acre-feet) to the total depletion (21,400 acre-feet) indicates that about 64 percent of the total vrater depleted is consumed by the irrigated crops. -114- Squirrel Creek Study Area . The Sqtiirrel Creek Study Area contains a portion of the Squirrel Creek drainage located west of Grass Valley. The tonography vdthin this area is primarily of a rolling foothill nature, but the area contains some steeply slotting lands. As shown in Table 14, the supply to the area for the period June through September 1958 was depleted by approximately 4,000 acre-feet. The area under irrigation within the study area was approximately 1,400 acres, vrtiich consisted almost entirely of pasture lands. The estimated June through September 195S consxmiptive use of applied v/ater by crops on the 1,400 acres of land is l.S acre-feet per acre or 2,500 acre-feet. The ratio of this quantity to the total depletion (4,000 acre-feet) indicates that about 63 percent of the total water depleted is consumed by the irrigated crops. -115- TABLE 12 CALCULATION OF TOTAL CONSUMPTIVE USE OP APPLIED WATER FOR IRRIGATION IN AUBURN RAVINE-COON CREHC STUDY AREA YUBA-BEAR RIVERS HYDROGRAPHIC UNIT (In acre-feet) June-Augast 1956 Item Jirne ; July ; Au^t t Total Inflow Boardman Canal near Applegate Bear River Canal above Halsey Forebay Ragsdale Tunnel above Bownan Feeder Canal Gold Hill Canal near Magnolia No« 1 Caperton Canal near head Total Outflow Boardman Canal above McCrary Reservoir South Canal above Boardman Canal recharge Shirland Canal near head Dutch Ravine Canal near Newcastle Camp Far West Ditch near Valley View School (five locations) Coon Creek at Highway 99E Ewing outflow near Highway 99E Marlcham Ravine near Lincoln Auburn Ravine at Lincoln Caperton Canal near Lincoln Lincoln Canal outflow at Highway 99E Correction for Auburn consumptive use Total Inflow less outflow Approximate total, June-August consumptive use of applied water for irrigation 962 938 853 2,753 25,700 26,600 2U,U00 76,700 j U68 593 630 1,691 U,810 l,ii80 3,510 12,800 1,050 1,210 1,230 3,U90 32,990 33,821 30,623 97,li3U 1,300 1,U70 1,590 li,360 12,970 10,670 9,696 33,336 551 575 57U 1,700 3,130 3,550 3,510 10,190 ■ U95 195 531 1,521 M 1,178 li2U 387 1,989 10 8 18 U3 hh Ij2 129 2,777 3,Ii77 3,257 9,511 252 375 U03 1,030 6 8 111 95 150 162 h07 22,807 21,2li6 20,152 6ii,205 10,183 12,575 10,U71 33,229 33,200 TABLE 13 CALCUUTION OP TOTAL CONSUMPTIVE USE OF APPLIED WATER FOR IRRIGATION IN ROCKLIN STUDY AREA YUBA-BEAR RIVERS HYDROGRAPHIC UNIT (In acre -feet) June-September 1958 Item South Canal above Boardman Canal recharge Boardman Canal above McCrary Reservoir Dutch Ravine Canal near Newcastle » : : : Sep- : ; June ; July lAugust ; tember ; Total Inflow 12,970 10,670 9,696 12,0[i7 U5,383 1,300 l,U70 1,590 1,580 5,9liO 3A30 3>550 3,510 3.070 13,260 Total 17,li00 15,690 lli,796 16,697 6li,583 Gaylord Canal near head South Canal below Boardman Canal recharge Monte Rio Pipe near head Antelope Creek near Roseville Miners Ravine near Roseville Caperton Canal near head Deliveries to the City of Roseville and Southern Pacific Company from the Roseville Outflow 52 53 65 71 2la 9,U70 6,720 6,ChO 9,120 31,350 62 66 60 h2 232 70li 577 U75 U87 2,2U3 1,210 5U5 280 580 2,615 i 1,050 1,210 1,230 1,090 U,580 ' Regulator U02 U27 513 U90 1,832 Correction for domestic consumptive use 17 2U 26 17 81; Total 12,967 9,62ii 8,689 11,897 U3,177 Inflow less outflow U,U33 6,066 6,107 li,800 21,lj06 Approximate total June- September consumptive use of applied water for irrigation 21,li00 -117- TABLE 1h CALCUUTION OF TOTAL CONSUMPTIVE USE OF APPLIED WATSl FOR IRRIGATION IN SQUIRREL CREEK STUDY AREk YUBA-BEAR RIVERS HIDROGRAPHIC UNIT (In acre -feet) June-September 1958 Xten : : : : Sep- : : June ; July ; August ; tember ? Total Inflow Smith Gordon Ditch near Indian Springs Tunnel Ditch near head Rough and Ready Ditch near Bitney Corner Squirrel Creek near Rough and Ready 130 U32 li83 li08 1,753 999 926 999 m 3,908 lli3 132 Total Pet Hill Ditch at Highway 20 Van Tiger Ditch at Bridgeport Road Bald Hill Ditch near Indian Springs anith Gordon Ditch Outflow No. 1 near Indian Springs Smith Gordon Ditch Outflow No. 2 near Indian Springs Squirrel Creek near Bridgeport Road Nigger Creek at Bridgeport Road Total Inflow less outflow Approximate total June -September consumptive use of applied water for irrigation 138 50 139 36 Hi? Uo 567 258 1,70b 1,5146 1,657 1,579 6,1;86 Outflow 2 10 10 16 38 62 76 68 57 263 102 87 112 113 llli 1 1 2 1 5 5 5 5 5 20 511 21k 189 251 1,165 180 121 51I1 117 503 121 539 863 56U 2,hlih 8U1 1,032 1,15U 1,015 ll,0U2 li,000 -118- TABLE 15 INDEX OF SURFACE WATER DIVERSIONS YUBA-BEAR RIVERS HYDROGRAPHIC UNIT Divartion nomt or owner Location numbar Subunit Rt ferences Plate 2 sheet na Po on< ae nos. of text 1 appendixes Aitken, Ralph B. and Julia H. Alleghany Waffer District 11N/7E-17M1 19N/1QE-34B1 19N/10E-34N1 Rocklin Alleghany 23 7 73, 93, 15V, C-16, C-29 29, 33, 111, C-29 Allen, Tom E. 12N/7E-19P1 Orchard-Pleasant Grove Creeks 22 70, 156, C-?3 Allen, Walter 13N/7E-32H1 13N/7E-32H2 13N/7E-32K1 Coon Creek Coon Creek Coon Creek a 21 21 9' 51, 51, 88, 151 66, 151 88, 151 Alta Powerhouse Afterbay See Pacific Gas and Electric Company Araaral , A. M. Nishimoto, Iwami 12N/8E-17K1 12N/8E-17K2 Auburn Ravine Auburn Ravine 22 22 IK lli9, C-13 Ui9 Amodei, S. (Mrs.) See Hemphill Ditch Anderson, Albert 20N/12E-22R1 Sierra City 5 76. 359, C-21 Anderson, Vincent H, 12N/7E-2Q1 12N/7E-12D1 Coon Creek Coon Creek 22 22 19, 19. 87, 150 87, 151 Arbogast brothers 17N/9E-35E1 French Corral 13 65, 90, 15U Auburn Ravine Canal See Nevada Irripation District Bachels, Andrew 19N/10E-8C1 Goodyear s Bar 7 68, 91 Bachels, Joseph P. 20N/10E-32U Goodyears Bar 4 69, 91, 155, C-21 Bagdanofr, Peter J. 13N/7E-32Q1 Coon Creek 21 51, 151 Baker, Fred N. 19N/8E-31G1 Bullards Bar 6 U6, 86, 119 Ball, J. H. 15N/8E-1/«J1 Wolf Creek 18 78, 95, 159 Barton, C. S. 13N/7E-16Q1 Coon Creek 21 50, 87, 151 Bartsch, Francis J. and Ruth 18N/8E-20Q1 Pike 9 72, 92, 156, C-20 Bean Ditch See Soper-Wheele r Company Bear River Canal See Pacific Gas and Electric Company Belief., Edward 17N/8E-2J1 French Corral U 6U, l5Ji Bellet, Vincent 17N/8E-1N1 17N/8E-1P1 French Corral French Corral 12 12 63, 63, 90, 15I4 15L Bertoglio, John C. i3H/7B-33Hl Coon Creek 21 51, 152 Best Mines Company, Inc. 19N/1CE-18J1 Goodyears Bar 7 68, 91, c-25 Bnutler, Edwin A. 16N/8E-20M1 Deer Creek 16 SI, 153 Big French Reservoir See Trubschenck, Lorin N. Black, Cecil and Soledad A, 11N/7E-15D1 Rocklin 23 73, 157, C-27 -119- TABLE 15 (Continued) INDEX OF SURFACE WATER DIVERSIONS YUBA-BEAR RIVERS HYDROGRAPHIC UNIT Oivtrtion nam* or ownor Locotion number Subunit R«f«r«nc«« Platt2 PoQ* no*, of ttxt and appendixes (ItMt na Black, Clarence 15N/7E-25H1 Dry Creek 17 61, 89, 153, C-26 Blue Lake See Pacific Gas and Electric Company Boardraan Canal See Pacific Gas and Electric Company Bolsa, Joe 11N/7E-20G1 Rocklin 23 73, 93, 158, C-16 Bonnifield, Floyd 12N/6E-14R1 Orchard-Pleasant 22 70 Hughes Reservoir Grove Creeks Boorlnakis, George 12N/8E-3F1 Auburn Ravine 22 li3, 85, lli8 Bovnnan Lake ( See Nevada Irri gation District Bowman-Spaulding Conduit See Nevada Irrigation District Boyington , . John E, 11N/7E-11C1 Rocklin 23 72, 93, 157 11N/7E-11C2 Rocklin 23 72, 93, 157 Boy Scouts of Amerioa-Marin Council 17N/12E-22G1 Donner Pass 14 57, C-23 Chubb Lake Brennan, -Martha A, (Mrs.) 11N/8E-6Q1 Rocklin 23 75, 158 1 Brewer, G. W. 15N/8E-13F1 Wolf Creek 18 78, 95, 159 Brown, Dwight 11N/8E-18B1 Rocklin 23 75, 9U, 158 Brown, Edward J., Boy, and K, 11N/7E-27L1 Rocklin 23 7h, 93, 158, C-D3 Brown, Joe G. and Blanche 19N/9E-20N1 Goodyears Bar 7 68, C-25 19N/9E-21 J,1 Goodyears Bar 7 68, C-25 19N/9E-29A1 Goodyears Bar 7 68, C-25 Brown, Leland H. 16N/8E-14C1 Deer Creek 16 51, 153 Browns Valley Irrigation District 17N/7E-16H1 Pike 12 11, 33, 71, 106,108 153, 157, D-U, D.-30 Buck, Ted C. 14N/8E-9U Wolf Creek 20 77, 159 Bullards Bar Reservoir See Pacific Gas and Electric Company Burda, Bert L, 17N/8E-9Q1 French Corral 12 61, 90, 151, C-30 17N/8E-16B1 French Corral 12 6h, l51i, C-30 Burris, Burris, Burris, and Hoxworth 17N/5E-27R1 French Dry Creek 12 66, 91, 155 Butz, George 18N/8E-15R1 Pike 9 71, 92, 156 •Butz, M. C. See Cunningham Ditch Byers, W. D. and Bertha 12N/6E-12K1 Auburn Ravine 22 1,2, 11,8, C-23 Cal-Ida Lumber Company 19N/9E-6A1 Goodyears Bar 7 67, 91, C-20 19N/9E-6P1 Goodyears Bar 7 68, C-20 California Debris Commission 16N/6E-UP1 French Dry Creek 15 8, 27, 66, C-17, Englebright Reservoir C-19, D-27, D-31 -120- TABLE 15 (Continued) INDEX OF SURFACE WATER DIVERSIONS YUBA-BEAR RIVERS HYDROGRAPHIC UNIT Oivtrtion noma or owner Locotion number Subunit Reference* Plate 2 sheet na Poa and e nos. of text appendixes California State Department of Fish and Same Downey Lake 18N/12E-26L1 Donner Pass 11 60 Calkins, Earl G. 13N/7E-3(H1 Coon Creek 21 51, 88, 151 Callejo, Salvador S. 17N/6E-11E1 French Dry Creek 12 67, 155 Camp Far West Canal See Nevada Irrigation District Camp Far West Irrigation District Camp Far West Reservoir UN/6E-21L1 Camp Far West 19 30, U7, 105, c-]3 C-19 Camp Far West Reservoir See Camp Far We: ;t Irrigation District Camptonville Water Service Iffll/8E-1M1 BulUrds Bar 9 33, 15, 86 Carlton, Merrill H. 12N/7E-2U1 Auburn Ravine 22 f43. 85, 11.8 Carmichael, Frank Carr, John H. Draper, Ervan E. 17N/6E-/tHl 12N/7E-32N1 French Dry Creek Rocklin 12 22 39, 66, 105, 108, C«21, D-7 75, 158, C-12 Cascade Canal See Nevada Irrigation District Casper, Kenneth J. 14N/7E-33C1 Camp Far West 19 1.7, 87, 150 Cassano, Juliu> A. 19N/8E-3'iJl Bullards Bar 6 U6, 86, II49 Castle, Don L. and Lillian D. 13N/8E-2^F1 Coon Creek 21 52, 88, 152, C-?U Central Pacific Railroad Company- Crystal Lake Lake Angela Lake Mary 17N/12E-24K1 17N/15E-16E1 17N/15E-20A1 Donner Pass Donner Pass Donner Pass U U 14 57 58 58 Chamberlain Estate Company 13N/6E-29H1 Coon Creek 21 19, 67, 151 Chase, Ed 20N/10E-20B1 Goodyears Bar 4 68 Childers, Roy D. and Geraldine, et al. 17N/8E-2M1 17N/8E-3A1 Pike Pike 12 12 71, 71, 156 156, 0-33 China Ditch See Nevada Irrigation District Chubb Lake See Boy Scouts r f Ame ri ca-Mar in Council Clay, P. T. l/iN/8E-21Rl Wolf Creek 20 78, 9li, 159 Cllngan, M. C. 15N/7E-23E1 Dry Creek 17 61 Colgate Tunnel See Pacific Gas and Electric Company Cornrie, F. 11N/7E-16H1 Rocklin 23 73, 157, C-22 Conley, Frank E. 12N/7E-18D1 Auburn Ravine 22 1.3, 85, II18 Coombes, Cordelia Iffll/10E-31P1 Washington 10 77, 159 -121- TABLE 15 (Continued) INDEX OF SURFACE WATER DIVERSIONS YUBA-BEAR RIVERS HYDROGRAPHIC UNIT Oivartion nom* or o«n«r Locotion number Subunlt R«f«f fictt Plot* 2 shMt na Pact no*, of text ofio opp«ndlx>t Coon Creek Pump Costa, Martin Cottonwood Lake Cox, Elmo C. Croft, Charles P. Crossley, Frank W, and Or a I, Crystal Lake Curmingham Ditch Butz, M. C. Ciinningham, W. C. (Mrs.) Cunningham, W. C. (Mrs.) D-S Canal Davies, William L. Davis, Harry M, Day, Alice (Mrs.) Deer Creek Reservoir V Dieterich, J. W. and Nellie E, Varni, Joe Diitmler, C. L, Doty's South Canal Dow, E. L. Downey Lake Downieville Public Utility District Draper, Ervan E, Drum Canal Duckels, Neal W. Dudley, Louis F. Dutch Flat Tunnel Elliott, P. W. MoCalister, Mary Ann, et al, Ellsworth, W. R. See Nevada Irrigation District 19N/7E-18E1 French Dry Greek See Hidden Valley Community Association 16N/9E-29M1 Greenhorn Creek 11N/7E-16Q1 RookUn llN/TE-lOfflL Rocklin See Central Pacific Railroad Company 18N/8E-15A1 Pike See Cunningham Ditch See Nevada Irrigation District 17N/9E-28N1 French Corral 17N/9E-3iKl French Corral 11N/8E-7B1 Rocklin See Nevada Irrigation District 12N/7E-23H1 Auburn Ravine 12N/7E-24F1 Auburn Ravine See Nevada Irrigation District 17N/8E-4R1 Pike 67, 155 16 69, 92, 155 23 73 23 72, 93, 157, C-29 9 71, 92, 156 13 65, 90, 151) 13 65, 90, 15U 23 75, 9U, 158, c-31 22 li3, 85, lli8, C-27 22 I43, 85, 1I48 12 71, 156 See California State Department of Fish and Game 20N/lOE-l/tDl 2ON/IOE-26KI Goodyears Bar Goodyears Bar See Carr, John H, See Pacific Gas and Electric Company 16N/5E-12C1 16N/5E-12G1 French Dry Creek French Dry Creek 17N/7E-26F1 French Corral See Pacific Gas and Electric Company 21N/10E-36R1 21N/11E-1ES1 2IN/IIE-3ICI 19N/9E-8L1 Goodyears Bar Goodyears Bar Goodyears Bar Goodyears Bar 15 15 12 68, 91 69, 91 65, 90, I5b 66, 90, 155 63, 15U 69 69, C-lB 69, C-18 68, 91, C-20 -122- TABLE 15 (Continued) INDEX OF SURFACE WATER DIVERSIONS YUBA-BEAR RIVERS HYDROGRAPHIC UNIT Divtrtion noma or owner Location numbor Subunit R«f«r«ncat Plott 2 shMt na Paa* not. of taxt ona oppendixes Elster, Lowell L. Englebright Reservoir Ennor, Jesse Enzler, Ralph E. Excelsior Ditch Fanini, Jack Famsworth, F. N, Fee ley Lake Lower Fecley Lake Upper Ferreira, Domingos Ferreira, Mary G, (Mrs. ) Ferry, Mannel A, (Jr.) Fischer, M. P. Flury, Leo Fordyce Lake Forster, Edward R. Forsythe, (Mrs.) Fournier, Edward J, French C. C. Turnell, S. I. French Lake F-jllf-r Lake "Gallino, M;inuel Garcia, Joe L, Garofalo, Victor Gelhauo, A. F. Gjvnns, Clint Glenn, Gordon Harri.3, M. A. Gold Hill Canal 15N/8E-30J1 15N/8E-30K1 Dry Creek Dry Creek See California Debris Commission 19N/13E-20A1 Alleghany 13N/8E-22E1 Coon Creek See Nevada Irrigation District 12N/8E-/J)1 12N/8E-/tD2 Auburn Ravine Auburn Ravine 18N/8E-33M1 Pike See Pacific Gas and Electric Company See Pacific Bas and Electric Company 12N/7E-3E1 Coon Creek 13N/7E-35A1 Coon Greek 13N/7E-33E1 Coon Creek 19N/10E-8F1 Goodyear s Bar 15N/8E-22U 15N/8E-22P1 Wolf Creek Wolf Creek See Pacific Gas and Electric Company 12N/8E-7F2 Coon Creek See Hemphill Ditch 20N/11E-25D1 Sierra City 16N/5E-10B1 French Dry Creek See Nevada Irrigation District See Pacific Gas and Electric Company 16N/SE-26G1 Wolf Creek 12N/73-12H1 Coon Creek 15M/8E-23N1 Wolf Creek 15N/9E-10C1 15N/9E-1CG1 lfeN/6E-34Q2 11N/7E-1C1 Greenhorn Creek Greenhorn Creek French Dry Crsek Rocklin See Nevada Irrigation District 18 18 8 21 22 22 22 21 21 7 18 18 22 5 15 61, 61, 153 153 Ul. 11*8, G-12 s?., 152, C-26 hh. 1U6 1L8 72, C-20 U9, 150 52, 88, 152, C-31 51. 151, C-25 68, 91, c-ie 79, 79, 95, 95, 160 160 1^9, 87, 151 76. 159 65, 151., C-32 16 80, 160 22 1*9, 87, 151 18 79, 95, 160 18 18 69, 155 69, 155 9 67, 91, 155 23 72, 93, 157 -123- TABLE 15 (Continued) INDEX OF SURFACE WATER DIVERSIONS YUBA-BEAR RIVERS HYDROGRAPHIC UNIT Diversion noma or ownor Location numbor Subunit R»f«r«nct$ Plot* 2 shMt na Paa« not. of ttxt and appendixes Gooch, David W. Granite Lake Grebin, Howard A. and Tillie E, Griffing, Walter S. and Annie K. Guiliford, Adrian Gulbranson, Gordon I. and Beth L, Haffey, Barbara J. Jaquith, Vernon S. and Edna Hamasaki, Take Hainndll, Malcolm Hannaman Ditch Harris, M, A. Harris, M. A, Harvey, Andrew M* Hass, E, S. Heilman, C. F. and J. K. Hemphill Ditch Amodei, S. (Mrs.) Forsythe, (Mrs.) Lewis, E. H. (Mrs.) Nevada Irrigation District Henriquea, August Herold,rMay (Mrs.) Rossi, Bemice Herold (Mrs.) Hidden Valley Community Association Cottonwood Lake Hill, Malcolm R. Hilliard, Joy Hopper, Arthur B. Horath, Frank P. Horton, R, E. and Ruby Howard, Harry Ho»rorth 12N/7E-2C1 Coon Creek See Lakeview Hills Association 12N/7E-17K1 Auburn Ravine 12N/6E-12C1 Auburn Ravine 12N/6E-2H1 Auburn Ravine UN/7E-20P3 Rocklin 14N/9E-AG1 Combie 13N/7E-26J1 Coon Sreek l6N/8E-2y(l Wolf Creek See Nevada Irrigation District 11N/7E-2A1 Rocklin See Glenn, Gordon 15N/8E-28A1 Wolf Creek 16N/7E-33C1 Deer Creek 19N/11E-6F1 Sierra City 12N/6E-13A1 Auburn Ravine 22 U8, 150 22 13, C-26 22 12, laS, C-23 22 1^2, 150 23 Ik. 93, 158, C-31 20 w. 150, C-?5 21 50, 87, 151 16 80, 95, 160 23 72, 93, 157 18 79, 95, 160 15 51, 153 7 76, C-21 22 142. 85, ll<8, C-15 13N/8E-31D1 Coon Creek 21 53, 152 13N/7E-31H1 Coon Credc 21 51, 88, 151 UN/7E-35A1 11N/7E-35K1 Rocklin Rocklin 23 23 714, 75, C-23 C-2U 16N/7K-23N1 Deer Creek 15 53, 89, 153, C-25 16N/8E-4E1 French Corral 16 63, 90, 15L 13N/7E-19R1 13N/7E-30B1 13N/7E-30G1 Coon Creek Coon Creek Coon Creek 21 21 21 50, 50, 50, 87, 151 88, 151 88, 151 12N/8E-16H1 Auburn Ravine 22 hh, 1149 UN/7E-10P1 Rocklin 23 72, 93, 157, C-21* 19N/6E-3 5M1 French Dry Creek 6 67, 155 See Burris, Burris, Burris and Hoxworth -124- TABLE 15 (Continued) INDEX OF SURFACE WATER DIVERSIONS YUBA-BEAR RIVERS HYDROGRAPHIC UNIT Oiv«r«ion nam* or o»n«r Location number Subunit R< (•rtnctt Plot* 2 sh««t na Poa« not. of Itx ond oppendixts t Hubbard, Harold E. 13N/8E-19C1 Coon Creek 21 52, 152 Huestis, Charles A. 12N/7E-13G1 Auburn Ravine 22 U2, 85, U8 Hughes, Brian B. and Qnma Mae 12N/7E-36H1 Rocklin 22 76, 9lj, 158, C- 12 Hughes Reservoir See Bonnifiold, , Floyd Idaho-Maryland Ditch See Oro Lumber ^on^ai^ Ingersoll, E, A. 18N/7E-33M1 Pike 9 3Ji Island Lake See Nevada Irrigation District Jacinto, Manuel 12N/8E-7F1 Coon Creek 22 19, 87, 151 Jackson Lake See Nevada Irrigation District Jamison Ditch See McDaniel, H . V. Jaquith, Vernon S, and Edna See Haf fey, Barbara J. Johnson, Elmer A, and Mattie Van Dyke 12N/7E-19A1 Auburn Ravine 22 1*3, 85, 11*8, C- -?0 Johnson, Floyd 21N/10E-4B1 La Porte 2 70 Johnson, G. G. 12N/8E-17B1 Auburn Ravine 22 hh, 86, Ui9 Jones, Dennis 'and Muriel UN/8E-20K1 Wolf Croek 20 78, 159 Jordon, Yale H. 15N/8E-22R1 Molf Creek 18 79, 160 Kehn, M. Morris Reservoir 17N/8E-6R1 Pike 12 71, 92, 156, C -15 Kelley, Thoinas J, Wentsch, Harold E, 11N/7B-34H1 Rocklin 23 71, 158, C-23, C-26 Kholes, Joseph and Gladys Maxwell, June I, 11N/7E-12C1 Rocklin 23 73, 157, C-2U Kidd Lake See Pacific Gas and Electric Company Kohler, Ed J. 19N/9E-31K1 Bullards Bar 7 U6, U9 LaFaille, Ray and Lillian 12N/7E-21C1 Auburn Ravine 22 h3, 85, lii8, C -18 Lake Angela See Central Pacific Railroad Company Lake Combie See Nevada Irri gation District Lake Culbertson See Pacific Gas and Electric Company Lake Francis See Pacific Gas and Electric Company Lake Mary See Central Pacific Railroad Company Lake Mildred See Yuba Investment Company Lake Spaulding See Pacific Gas and Electric Company -125- TABLE 15 (Continued) INDEX OF SURFACE WATER DIVERSIONS YUBA-BEAR RIVERS HYDROGRAPHIC UNIT Oivtrsion noma or owntr Locotion numbor Subunit Ri ference* Plot* 2 thMt na Poa« no*, of text ond appendixes Lake Sterling See Pacific Gas and Electric Company Lake Van Norden See Pacific Gas and Electric Conqjany Lake Vera See PiediBDnt Campfire Girls Lakeview Hills Association Granite Lake 11N/7E-25N1 aocklin 11N/7E-35A2 Rooklin 23 23 7U, c-29 7li, c-29 La Porte Water District 21N/9E-8P1 La Porte 21N/9E-9P1 La Porte 2 2 3lj, 70 31* , 70 Lapp, Roland C. 12N/8E-18C1 Auburn Ravine 12N/8E-18G1 Auburn Ravine 12N/8E-18L1 Auburn Ravine 12N/8E-18Q1 Auburn Ravine 12N/8E-18R1 Auburn Ravine 22 22 22 22 22 1*1*, 11*9 la, 86, 11*9 Ml 1*5, 11*9 ■ 1*5, 86, U*9 ■ 1*5, 86, 11*9 ■ Lewis, E. H. (Mrs.) See Hemphill Ditch m Lewis, I. G. tfyatt, L, E. 11N/7E-20J1 Rocklin 23 '^^m Llndsey Lake Lower See Pacific Gas and Electric Company ^H Llndsey Lake Middle See Pacific Gas and Electric Company ^^ Loney, D, M, 17N/9E-27K1 French Corral 13 65, 90, 151* Looser, John J, 16N/8E-22H1 Deer Creek 16 55, 153 Los Verjeles Dam See Yuba Investment Company Lower Peak Lake See Pacific Gas and Electric Company Lower Salmon Lake See Sierra Buttes Canal and Water Company Lower Sardine Lake See Sierra Buttes Canal and Water Company Ludwig, Everett M, 12N/8E-10F1 Auburn Ravine 22 ai*, 86, 11*9 Magnolia No. 3 See Nevada Irrigation District Maish, C. R. and G. W, 16N/7E-3E1 French Corral l6N/7E-/iQl French Corral 17N/7E-33R1 French Corral 17N/7E-33R2 French Corral 15 15 15 15 63, 15U 63, 151*, C-?7 63, 90, I5a 63, 15U Marty, A. J. 13N/8E-1AA1 Coon Creek 21 52, 152 Mavrias, George 11N/6E-25G1 Rocklin 23 72, 92, 157, C-16 Maxwell, June I, See Kholes, Joseph and G. McAdoo, Janes S. 12N/7E-29N1 Rocklin 22 75, 158 McCalister, Mary Ann, et al. See Elliott, P. W, -126- TABLE 15 (Continued) INDEX OF SURFACE WATER DIVERSIONS YUBA-BEAR RIVERS HYDROGRAPHIC UNIT Oivartion nam* or ownar Location numb«r Subunit R«f«r«nc«« Plot* 2 1 Pag* nos. of text sheet na | and appendixes McDaniel, H. V. Jamison Ditch 12N/8E-18B1 Auburn Ravine 22 hh, 86, 119 McElroy, Frank C. 13N/7E-28K1 Coon Creek 21 50, 88, 151 McKenna Mining Company 22N/10E-28B1 La Porte 1 70 Meadow Lake See Pacific Gas and Electric Company Mefford, D. M. 15N/8E-22E1 15N/8E-27C1 Wolf Creek Wolf Creek 18 18 79, 95, 160 79, 95, 160 Meredith, George F. and Dixie M. 11N/7E-5R1 Rocklin 23 72, 157, C-ll, C-17 Meredith, Mason J, 18N/10E-29P1 Washington 10 77, 9h, 159 Milham, C. R. and M, L. 14N/ffi-5J2 Wolf Creek 20 77, 9U, 159, C-20 Milhous, Calvin 17N/8E-15D2 French Corral 12 61i, 15U Milton-Bowman Tunnel Milton Reservoir See Nevada Irrigation District Minona Mining Company Pine Grove Ditch 17N/8B-15D1 French Corral 12 10, 3)j, 61j, 90,l5li Moats, Leslie L. (Sr.) and Violet 13N/7E-26N1 Coon Creek 21 50, 151, c-12 Modglin, Andrew J, Pike, W. H. 21N/9E-13R1 21N/10E-7K1 La Porte La Porte 2 2 70, c-18 70, C-18 Mohamned, John G, 12N/7E-WJ1 Coon Creek 22 19, 87, 151 Montero, Antonio and Frances 11N/7E-17C1 Rocklin 23 73, 93, 157, C-2li Moran, Alex Williams, Uoyd 18N/7E-3J1 18N/7E-3K1 Bullards Bar Bullards Bar 9 9 U5, 86, 1L9 li5, 86, 11^9 Morandi, Charles A, 15N/9E-17M1 15N/9E-18P1 Wolf Creek Wolf Creek 13 13 79, 160 79, 160 Morris, Noah and Gracie 11N/7E-16H2 Rocklin 23 73, 157 Morris Reservoir See Kehn, M. Mulligan, Ethel (Miss) 12N/7B-9P1 Auburn Ravine 22 L2, 85, lli8, C-lli Mulock, Harry 19N/7E-17P1 French Dry Creek 6 33, 67, 91, C-lJi Musso, Alvin W. 13N/8E-3/>Hl Coon Creek 21 53, 89, 152, C-2U Narrows Powerhouse See Pacific Gas and Electric Company Nasholm, Axel 20N/10E-33A1 Goodyears Bar h 69, 155 Navas, Theodore M, 12N/7E-36E1 Rocklin 22 75, 158, C-lL Nelson, E. A. 19N/8E-28N1 Bullards Bar 6 U6, 86, lli9 Nevada City Water Department 16N/9E-17J1 Deer Creek 16 3l4, 55, 89 -127- TABLE 15 (Continued) INDEX OF SURFACE WATER DIVERSIONS YUBA-BEAR RIVERS HYDROGRAPHIC UNIT Diversion name or owner Locotion number Subunit R« ferences PloteZ Poae no$. of text and appendixes sheet na Nevada Irrigation District Auburn Ravine Canal 12N/7E-l!iAl Auburn Ravine 22 a2, 99, D-21-D-25 Bowman Lake 18N/12E-8G1 Donner Pass 11 58, 96, C-12, G-13, D-11, D-12 Bo^wnan-Spaulding Conduit 18N/12E-8C2 Donner Pass 11 59, 96, C-12, C-13, D-lO-D-12, T)-?l, D-32, D-33 Camp Far West Canal 13N/7E-13N1 Coon Creek 21 50, 98, 99, 116, n_22-D-2U Cascade Canal 17N/10E-3UE1 Deer Creek 13 33, 55, 96, C-12, D-llj China Ditch 16N/7E-20E1 Deer Creek 15 12, 33, 53, 97, C-12, D-15, D-16, D-18 Coon Creek Pump 13N/6E-22A1 Coon Creek 21 h9, 99, D-25 Doty's South Ditch 13N/6E-36G1 Coon Creek 21 U9, 99, D-2U D-S Canal - Deer Creek Reservoir 16N/9E-10B1 Deer Creek 16 33, 39, 55, 97, C-12, D-13, D-15, D-16, D.I8, D-19 Excelsior Ditch 17N/8E-27H1 French Corral 12 12, 65, 96, C-12, C-16, C-17, D-15, D-17 French Lake 18N/13E-17P1 Donner Pass 11 60, D-10, D-11 French Ravine Ditch 15N/8E-9K1 Wolf Creek 18 78, 97, D-16, D-19 Gold Hii: Canal 13K/8E-3H1 Combie 21 33, 1x7, 98, 116, C-12, D-9, D-21- D-25, D-27 Hannaman Ditch 1;iN/7E-28b1 Camp Far West 19 li7, 97 Island Lake 18N/12E-27C1 Donner Pass 11 60, D-10, D-11 Jackson Lake 19N/13E-31N1 Donner Pass 8 61, G-12, C-13, D-10, D-11 Magnolia No. 3 13N/8E-2E2 Combie 21 h7, 98, D-22 Milton Bovnnan Tunnel-Milton 19NA2e-12Nl Alleghany 8 lil, 96, C-13, D-IO Reservoir D-11 Newtown Ditch 16N/8E-12K1 Deer Creek 16 10, 33, 51j, 97, C-12, D-17, D-18 Rough and Ready Ditch 16N/9E-7H1 Deer Creek 16 33, 55, 96, 118. C-12, D-16, D-18, D-20 Sawmill Lake 18N/12E-11D1 Donner Pass 11 59, C-12, C-13, D-10, D-11 Sootts Flat Dam 16N/9E-2R1 Deer Creek 16 30, 55, c-12, D-9, D-13, D-ll, Snow Mountain Ditch 17N/10E-32E1 Deer Creek 13 33, 55, 96, c-12, D-18 17N/10E-32M1 Deer Creek 13 55, 96, D-18 Stone Ditch 16N/8E-2$C1 Wolf Creek 16 80, D-lh, D-19 Tarr Ditch 15N/8E-10R1 Wolf Creek 18 12, 78, 97, 118, C-11, 0-Xk, D-16, D-19 Tunnel Ditch l6N/8E-igMl Deer Creek 16 12, 5U, 97, 118, c-12, D-18, D-20 Van Giesen Dam (Lake Combie) 13N/8E-2E1 Combie 21 n, C-12, D-9, D-21 ». D-23 (Fall Creek) 17NA2E-6D1 Donner Pass 1h 56, C-12, C-13, C-I5-C-I7, D-12 (Trap Creek) 17N/12E-6M1 Donner Pass U 56, C-12, C-13, C-15-C-17, D-12 (Rucker Creek) 17N/12S-7H1 Donner Pass U 56, C-16, C-17, D-12 58, C-15-C-17, D-12 (Clear Ci-eek) I8NAIE-36JI Donner Pass 10 (Texas Creek) 18NA2E-19P1 Donner Pass 11 59, C-12, C-13, C-16, c-17 -128- TABLE 15 (Continued) INDEX OF SURFACE WATER DIVERSIONS YUBA-BEAR RIVERS HYDROGRAPHIC UNIT Diversion name or owner Location number Subunit R« iferences Plate 2 Paoe not. of text and appendixes sheet n& Nevada Irrigation District (continued) (Poison Creek) 19NA2E-lltFl Alleghany 8 Ul, 96, c-16, D-10 (Wilson Creek) 19NA?E-1UH1 Alleghany 8 hi, 96, C-16, D-10 See also Hemphill Ditch Newcorab, Douglas 13N/7E-28L1 Coon Creek a 50, 151 13N/7E-28L2 Coon Creek 21 50, 151 Newcomb, Frank H. 12N/7E-16H1 Auburn Ravine 22 U2, 85, lii8 Newnan, C. E, 15N/9E-30E1 Wolf Creek 18 80 Newmont Mining Company 16N/8E-26P1 Wolf Creek 16 80, 160 16N/8E-26R1 Wolf Creek 16 80, 160 Newton, Daniel 0. and M. W. lhN/8E-22Pl Wolf Creek 20 78, 91, 159, C-31 Newtown Ditch See Nevada Irrigation District Niesen, Carl 16N/7E-3$C1 Deer Creek 15 9i, 153 Nightingale, Albert J. 16N/7E-26N1 Deer Creek 1? 5L, 153, c-29 Nishimoto, Iwami See Amaral, A. M. North Blofflivfield Community System I8NAOE-3IHI Washington 10 3a, 77, 9U Nunes, Julia (Mrs.) 13N/7E-3UK1 Coon Creek 21 52, 152 13N/7E-3liPl Coon Creek 21 52, 152 Oraohundro, Jack 11N/7E-21J1 Rocklin 23 7U 11N/7E-22N1 Rocklin 23 7I4 Original 16 to 1 Mine, Inc. 18NAOE-3C1 Alleghany 10 111, C-12 , 18nA0E-3C2 Alleghany 10 Ul, C-12 19nAoe-3Uni Alleghany 7 U, C-12 Oro Lumber Company 16N/8E-25A1 Wolf Creek 16 80, 95 Idaho-Maryland Ditch Pacific Gas and Electric Company Bear River Canal 15N/9E-22Q1 Conibie 18 12, 32, U8, 99^ 103, 105, 108, 116, C-13, C-15, D-16, D-21, D-22, D-36, D.27, D-3li, D-38 Blue Lake 17NA2E-9C1 Donner Pass lU 56, D-32 Boardman Canal 17NA1E-36D1 Dutch Flat 13 32, 62, 102, 103, 105, 107, 116, 117, D-26, D-3I», D-36, D-37 Bullards Bar Reservoir l8N/7E-2liDl Bullards Bar 9 8, 29, U5, 101, C-13, C-lli, C-19, D-6, D^7, D-29, D-30 Colgate Tunnel 18N/7E-2$F1 Bullards Bar 9 15, 101, C-17, D-29, D-30 Drxun Canal 17NA2E-20J1 Donner Pass tu 57, 101, 107, C-13, C-Ui, D-27, D-32, D-3lj, D-35, D-38 Dutch Flat Tunnel I6NAIS-I7EI Dutch Flat 16 62, 101, C-15, D-27, D-3lj, D-35 Feeley Lake Lower 3 8NA2E-29H1 Donner Pass 11 60, D-32 -129- TABLE 15 (Continued) INDEX OF SURFACE WATER DIVERSIONS YUBA-BEAR RIVERS HYDROGRAPHIC UNIT Diversion nam* or owner Locotion number Subunit References Plate 2 stteet na Page nos. of text and appendixes Pacific Gas and Electric Company (continued) Feeley Lake Upper 18N/12E-28E1 Donner Pass Fordyce Lake 18N/13E-3UJ1 Donner Pass Fuller Lake 17N/12E-17B1 Donner Pass Kidd Lake 17N/lliE-29El Donner Pass Lake Culbertson 18n/12E-15N1 Donner Pass Lake Francis 17N/7E-?J1 Pike Lake Spaulding Lake Sterling liake Van Norden Lindsey Lake Lower Lindsey Lake Middle Lower Peak Lake Meadow Lake Narrows Powerhouse Rucker Lake South Yuba Canal Upper Peak Lake Upper Rock Lake White Rock Lake Alta Powerhouse Afterbay Pitman Ravine Flume Pulp Mill Canal (Import from American River Hydrographic Unit) Towle Canal (Import from American River Hydrographic Unit) Lake Valley Canal (Import from American River Hydrographic Unit) Packer Lake 17NA2E-20H1 Donner Pass 17NA3E-10A1 17N/lljE-23Ml 18N/12E-20H1 18N/12E-21F1 17N/ll»E-30Rl 18N/13E-27B1 l6N/6E-lljQl 17N/12E-8E1 17N/12E-20J2 17N/lltE-32Dl 18N/12E-15C1 18N/1I4S-22B1 16N/10B-25P1 l6N/nE-9Jl I6NAOE-36QI I6NAIE-2IEI 16NA2E-33B1 Donner Pass Donner Pass Donner Pass Donner Pass Donner Pass Donner Pass French Dry Creek Donner Pass Donner Pass Donner Pass Donner Pass Donner Pass Dutch Flat Dutch Flat 11 11 lU 11 12 Hi 111 11 11 Hi 11 1? Ik II. 11 11 16 16 16 16 See Sierra Buttes Canal and Water Company Paquette, Arthur J. I8N/6E-2I4MI Parker, Wesley B. I8N/9E-8MI Fatten, John A. 12N/7E-36N1 Pauly, Erie I8N/8E-8PI Peacock, J. C. 16nAe-29E1 Union Ditch Pellet, Edgar E. and Ina E. 13N/7S-29B1 Pendola, James and Frank 19N/6E-3UB1 French Dry Creek Pike Rocklin Bullards Bar Deer Creek Coon Creek Bullards Bar 60, D-32 60, C-13, D-33 56, D-32 58, D-33 59, D-32 71, D-6, D-26, D-30 27, 57, D-10, D-26-D-28, D-31, D-3?- D-35 57, 0-33 57, 167, D-33 59, D-32 59, D-32 58, D-33 60, D-33 66, 101, C-17, D-27, D-29, D-31 56, D-32 12, 57, 99, 101, C-13, C-l)j, 0-26, D-27, D-32, n-33. 58, D-33 59, D-32 60, D-33 61, D-38 62, 102, D-38 61, 102, 107, D-38 62, 102, 107, D-37, D-38 63, 101, 107, D-35 9 67 10 72, 92, 157 22 9 76, 9U, C-12 1.6, 86, 158, 11.9 15 5U, 89, 153 21 50, 88, C-llj 151, 6 U6, 86, 11.9 ■130- TABLE 15 (Continued) INDEX OF SURFACE WATER DIVERSIONS YUBA-BEAR RIVERS HYDROGRAPHIC UNIT Oiv«r»ion nam* or e«n«r Location number Subunit R« if«r«ne»» Plot* 2 shMt na Poo ond I nos. of ttxt appendixes Piedmont Canpfile Girls Lake Vera 17N/8E-25Q1 French Corral 12 65, 90, C-li4 Pike, W. H. See Modglln, Andrew J. Pilliard, Edward and Margaret 1UN/8E-35C1 Combie 20 18, 150, C-31 Pine Grove Ditch See Minona Mining Company Pingree, H. 0. 15N/8E-15M1 Wolf Creek 18, 79, 95, 159 Poiriei*, Frank 13N/8E-7N1 Rocklin 23 75, 158 Rahlman, Desral (Mrs.) 13N/7E-29N1 Coon Creek a 50. 151 Rainey, John 13N/8E-18F1 13N/8E-18F2 13N/8E-19H1 Coon Creek Coon Creek Coon Creek 21 21 21 52, 52, 52, 152 152 152 Reader, Frank S. 17N/8E-20G1 French Corral 12 6U, 90, 15U Reader, Fsancis J. 17N/8E-20ra French Corral 12 65, 151 Renfree, Milt 12N/8E-5K1 Auburn Ravine 22 LU, 86, U8 Rich, Robert P. 12N/7E-23D1 Auburn Ravine 22 U3, 85, 1L8 Richardson, Howard C. and L. E, l6NAE-ilEl 16N/7E-5H1 French Dry Creek French Dry Creek 15 15 66, 66, 155, c-22 155, c-26 Ripley, Paul and Elizabeth 12N/7E-23F1 Auburn Ravine 22 1.3, 85, II48, c-22 Robbins, E. H. and Callie J. UI4N/8E-32DI Combie 20 1.8, 150, C-13, C-27 Robbins, Herman L. 13N/7E-30Q1 13N/7E-30Q2 Coon Creek Coon Creek 21 21 51, 51, 151 88, 151 Robinson, C. H. and Bernice G. lltN/8E-17Ll Wolf Creek 20 77, 159, C-28 Robaon, George L. and Marion E, 11S/7E-20P2 Rocklin 23 71, 93, 158, C-2B Roeding, George C. (Jr.) 11N/7E-8G1 Rocklin 23 72, 157, C-22 Rogers, Basil T. 11N/8E-6H1 Rocklin 23 75, 158, c-21 Roland, John lliN/9E-29Dl Combie 20 U8 Rolph, C. J. (Jr.) 1511/9E-2IMI Combie 18 18, 150, C-2U Rondoni, Antone 15N/9E-18R1 Wolf Creek 18 79, 160 Ross, Janea 13N/6E-36H1 Coon Creek 21 19, 151 -131- TABLE 15 (Continued) INDEX OF SURFACE WATER DIVERSIONS YUBA-BEAR RIVERS HYDROGRAPHIC UNIT Diversion nam* or owner Location number Subunit References Plate 2 Poae nos. of text sheet ng [ ana appendixes Ross, Susie I. and W. F. 23 Ti, 93, 157, C-28 Rossi, Bemice Herold (Mrs.) S-;e Herold, Kay (K"s.) Rough and Ready Ditch See N^v.-^da Irri,' aticn Di.T'rict Rucker Lake See P^icific Gas and Electric Comj.-any Ruhkala, Ruben J , ri.N/7E-2()Pl Rocklin 23 7U, 93, 158, C-26 Sacrar.er.to Box ami Umber Co-^ ..any 19N/7E-9C1 Dullards Bar 6 1.6 Salmon, E. 0, 12N/8B-7R1 12N/8E-7R2 Auburn Ravine Auburn Ravine 22 22 liL, 1U8 11.8 Samson, Stanley J. and Betty R, I3N/7E-36JI Coon Creek 21 52, 88, 152, C-26 Sa^imdll Lalf*r«nc>» Plat* 2 th**t na Poo* not. of t*xt ona opp*ndi«*i Stephens, Myron J. and Mona Stevens, J;imes M. Stevenson, J, W. Stone Ditch Tahoe Sugar Pine Company Takagishi, David M. Tarr Ditch Thoraon, Clifford G. Traylor, Arthur L, TresJer, J. W. Trubschenck, Lorin N, Big French Reservoir Tunnel Ditch Tumell, S. I. Ueland, Andrew Union Ditch Upper Peak Lake Upper Rock Lake Upper Salmon Lake Upper Sardine Lake Van Tiger, Roy Vamie, Joe Walkenhorst, J, K, (Jr.) Walters, Pat Webb, James E. and Elsie W, Welch, O'Farrell Welles, Uicy (Miss) Wentsch, Harold E, Westall, Any Wear 'rfheeler, Katie M. (Mrs. ) 11N/7E-27M1 Rocklin 23 17N/5E-34K1 French Dry Creek 12 15N/ffi-2ail Wolf Creek 18 See Nevada Irrigation District 17N/11E-4P1 Donne r Pass 11N/7E-15B1 Rocklin See Nevada Irrigation District 16N/8E-21G1 Deer Creek 16 12N/7E-33E1 Rocklin 22 I8N/6E-36BI French Dry Creek 9 17N/8E-4N1 Pike 12 See Nevada Irrigation District See French, C. C. 16N/9E-32D1 Greenhorn Creek 16 See Peacock, J, C, See Pacific Gas and Electric Company See Pacific Gas and Electric Company See Sierra Buttes Canal and Water Company See Sierra Suites Canal and Water Company 7U, 158, C-21 66, 91, 155, C-19, C-2i, C-25 79, 95, 160 13 56, 89 23 73, 157, C-3L 5U, 153 75, 9U, 158 67, 155 71, 156, c-30 16N/7E-21N1 16K/7E-22N1 Deer Creek Deer Creek See Dieterich, J. W. and Nellie E. U.N/SE-5J1 Wblf Creek 12N/7E-20B1 Auburn Ravine 13N/8E-34F1 Coon Creek UN/7E-23J1 Rocklin 16N/9E-32M1 Greenhorn Creek See Kelley, Thomas J, 20N/12E-30H1 Sierra City 15N/8E-12P1 Wolf Creek 69, 92, 155 15 15 53, 53, 89, 152 89, 152 20 77, 159 22 1x3, ll»8, C-21 21 53, 88, 152, 0-21 23 7U, C-23 16 69, 92, 155 5 76 18 78, 9U, 159 -133- TABLE 15 (Continued) INDEX OF SURFACE WATER DIVERSIONS YUBA-BEAR RIVERS HYDROGRAPHIC UNIT Oivartion nam* or owner Location numbor Subunit References PioteZ siteet na Poae nos. of text ana oppendixes White, L. M. White Rock Lake Whitehead, Edna A. (Mrs.) Williams, Lloyd 17N/ffi-llFl French Corral See Pacific Gas and Electric Compauny 19N/7E-14H1 Bullards Bar See Moran, Alex 12 6U 16, Ui9 Winslow, Ralph J, and Lois 16N/7E-35D1 16N/7E-35D2 Deer Creek Deer Creek 15 15 5U, SI, 1?3 153 Wbllan, Carl C. 14N/8E-20G1 Wolf Creek 20 76, 359, C-32 Wright, M. A. (Mrs.) 19N/10E-8A1 Goodyears Bar 7 68 Vfyatt, L. E. See Lewis, I. C. Toung, Murray and Edith E, UN/8E-20R1 Wolf Creek 20 78, 359, C-31 Yuba Investment Company- Los Verjeles Dam 18N/6E-3/fQl French Dry Creek 9 67, C-13 -13^- CHAPTER III. LAND USE The results of a survey of water uses and water facilities in the Yuba-Bear Rivers Hydrographic Unit were presented in Chapter II. In this chapter are reported the results of a survey of present land uses as related to water use. Also included is a brief summary of historical conditions. A thorough knowledge of the nature and extent of land and water uses under existing conditions within this hydrographic unit is one of the primary requisites in evaluating future water requirements within the unit. Historical Land Use As previously noted, the early development of the Yuba-Bear Rivers Hydrographic Unit paralleled closely the mining of gold ,and mainy miners who failed turned to farming for their living. Ihe majority of the lands under culti- vation in the early years were producing fruit which started wxth the experimental planting of peach and almond seeds in 1846 along the Bear River flood plain, and soon extended to the nearby foothills. In addition to these orchards, ex- tensive brush and timberlands were cleared for the production of barley, wheat, oats, and other crops. Although mining decreased after I852, agricultural lands steadily increased until 1880 when the mines in Nevada closed. Very little agricultural activity took place from this time until during and after World VJar I when, with an increased demand -135- agricultural lands expanded and irrigation facilities improved. According to U. S. Census records, the irrigated area in Placer County, to v4iich nearly all water was supplied by Pacific Gas and Electric Company, increased from 16,^45 acres in 1910 to 27,520 acres in 1920. In Nevada County a rapid expansion of agriculture took place with the development of Nevada Irrigation District in the 1920«s and 1930«s. In 1929, the former Division of Engineering i and Irrigation reported in its first issue of Bulletin 21, "Irrigation Districts in California," that 11,704 acres were then irrigated vrithin the Nevada Irrigation District and that only about one-third of the Nevada County portion of the district's ^| distribution system was complete, and none of the Placer County portion was complete. Also reported was that one-third of the area irrigated in Nevada County was devoted to orchard crops and the remaining two-thirds was producing forage crops, while in Placer County practically all of the irrigated lands were in orchard. At that time, 32,000 acres in Nevada County and a large percentage of the area in Placer County had been cleared to re- ceive water from the district. Lands adjoining the corimiinities of Nevada City and Auburn were prominent in this agricultural development. During the depression years of the 1930' s, agricultureil develoDraent again declined, with the possible exception of orchard Since that time irrigated agriculture and the raising of live- stock has increased. -136- I id I Present Land Use A detailed survey of land uses in the Yuba-Bear Rivers Hydrographic Unit was conducted during the spring of 1957 as part of this investigation. The land uses mapped in this survey as related to water use fall into four major categories: irrigated lands, dry-farmed lands, urban lands, and recreational lands; and one minor category: naturally high water table lands, such as natural meadowlands. Lands not falling into any of these five categories were mapped as native vegetation. The various types of land uses mapped in 1957 are delineated on sheets 1 through 23 of Plate 2. The acreages of land uses within each subunit are presented in Table 16. The values represent gross acreages, including nonwater service areas such as roads, ditches, buildings, and storage areas and miscellaneous rights-of-way which occur within the mapped areas. At the time of the survey, Beale Air Force Base was relatively inactive, and most of the facilities were unused. The developed areas were shown neither as urban nor military areas. Irrigated lands within the boundaries of the base were delineated as such. Methods and Procedures The land use survey and the location of surface water diversions were accomplished by relating field obser- vations to aerial photographs having a scale of about 1:20,000, Stereoscopes were used to assist in the field mapping procedure, -137- As each tjoint of diversion vras located, it was plotted on the aerial photographs » and as the use of each parcel of land was deter'nined, it v/as delineated on the aerial photograph. The hydrographic unit was traversed by automobile as completely as roads and terrain permitted. 'Tien necessary because of poor accessibility, inspections were made on foot. An example of an aerial photograph with land use data delineated on it is shown on page 141- After completion of the field mapping, the data delin- eated on the photographs v:ere transferred to copies of U- S. Geo- logical Survey quadrangle maps reproduced at a scale of 1:24 lOOO. This procedure v;as necessary to bring the delineated areas to a conmon scale for accurate determination of acreages, since the scale of the aerial photographs utilized varied v/idely. A series of these maos, showing the location of all diversions and the i fields associated with each irrigation diversion, was reviewed ™ by loc£l representatives. These work maps vere then used in the preparation of Plate 2. Prints of these maps were used in computing the acreages of the land uses. Each delineated area on these maps was raanuall] cut out and was carefully weighed on an analytical balance. The weights were converted to acreages, using ratios determined for each map. This method has proven to be an expeditious and accu- rate means of area determination where a large niunber of small parcels is involved. -13 S- TABLE 16 LAND USE IN YUBA-BEAR RIVERS HYDROGRAPHIC UNIT, 1957 (In acres) Subunit ond County Irrigated lands Naturally high water table lands Meodowlands Marsh londs Dry-formed lands Urban lands Recreational lands Alleghany Nevada County Sierra County Total Auburn Ravine Placer County Bui lards Bar Butte County Sierra County Yuba County Total Camp Beale Yuba County 60 ~5o 6,890 10 122 200 360 755 30 20 20 10 ^ 350 30 liOO 20 70 1,600 1»0 -To 60 30 -55 30 Camp Far West Nevada County Placer County Yuba County Total Combie Nevada County Placer County Total 990 650 i,o5o 830 ;?20 1,350 20 p 20 60 -55 950 950 70 lao 180 20 150 170 10 10 Coon Creek Placer County 11,090 30 970 580 Deer Creek Nevada County Yuba County Total 2,500 2,500 20 20 20 20 ll»0 150 1,260 1,260 30 30 Donner Pass Nevada County Placer County Total 1,460 170 T7530 510 230 7^ Dry Creek Nevada County Yuba County Total 2,010 2,010 10 10 30 IjjO 170 Dutch Flat Nevada County Pleicer County Total 20 20 160 ±52 310 10 I'M) i5o 10 10 French Corral Nevtida County 1,300 60 70 50 20 -139- TABLE 16 (Continued) LAND USE IN YUBA-BEAR RIVERS HYDROGRAh'HIC UNIT, 1957 (In acres) Nature ly higli Subunit ond County Irrigoted lands water toble lands Ory-farnr\ed lands Urban lands Recreationol lands Meadowlands Marsh londs French Dry Creek Butte County Neva 'a Count" a,8o Yuba County 2,370 (^50 i4o 290 Total 2,550 450 lltO 290 Goodyears : .r Sierra County 10 280 20 170 200 Yuba County Total 10 280 20 170 200 Greenhorn Creek Nevada County 270 90 ko 20 La Porte Plumas County 60 10 Sierra County 10 30 Yuba County 10 10 Total 20 Uo ~~0 60 10 Orchard -Pleas ant Grove Creeks Placer County 350 10 10 70 560 Pike Nevada County 70 30 90 110 Sierra County 20 20 10 30 Yuba County 70 20 80 40 Total l5o 70 100 190 70 Rocklin Placer County 11,180 20 20 1,100 890 Sierra City Sierra County 30 1,270 50 370 Washington Nevada County 30 60 150 10 Wolf Creek Nevada County 2,660 30 30 1,710 SUMMARY: BUTTE COUNTY NEVADA COUNTY io,8to 2,420 20 1.80 3,340 620 PLACER COUNTY 30,700 380 70 3,680 3,920 240 PLUMAS COUNTY 60 10 SIERRA COUNTY 11*0 1,960 30 270 600 YUBA COUHTlf 2,730 500 710 430 70 TOTAL 4if,iH0 5,260 90 4,900 8,020 1,540 -140- Example of Land Use delineated on aerial photograph Symbols used on this photograph ipl - irrigated alfalfa iD7 ip3 - irrigated mixed pastaire iV2 i-ph - irrigated native pasture 1F8 iC6 - irrigated olives iT19 iDl - irrigated apples iT20 iD5 - irrigated peaches or nectarines iV2 iD5y - nonbearing irrigated peaches or iD6y nectarines nD6 11)6 - irrigated pears nDT iD7 - irrigated plums nD12 iDlO - irrigated miscellaneous nG5 deciduous nV2 iDlO: f- nonhearing irrigated miscel- U laneous deciduous HV intercropped irrigated wine grapes and plums irrigated miscellaneous seed crops irrigated bushberries irrigated strawberries intercropped irrigated wine grapes and nonbearing pears nonirrigated pears nonirrigated pltmis nonirrigated almonds nonirrigated grain hay nonirrigated wine grapes urbaji native vegetation -141- Irrigated Lands Irrigated lands, as desi?rnated in this report, include all agricultural lands which receive v;ater artific- ially apDlied. Acreages of irrigated lands are reported in Table 17 by surface v;ater diversion, by subunit, and by crop. Although the irrigated lands are tabulated under the name of the subunit vxathin v/hich the lands are located, it should be noted that the diversion serving the lands may originate in another subunit and that a given diversion may serve lands in more than one subunit. It was not possible to determine the areas of lands served by each diversion in the Nevada Irrigation District system, because of the intermingling of v/aters from the several diversions. V/ithin each subunit all lands served by the district are combined in a single line entry in Table 17« The lands served by Pacific Gas and Electric Company were sim- ilarly treated. The irrigated lands are segregated in Table 1? into grain and hay crops, field croos, pastxire, truck and berry crops, orchard, vineyard, and idle irrigated lands. Hay crops in the area consist entirely of alfalfa. Pasture was further subdivided into mixed, native, and meadow pasture, the latter comprising native pasture lands having a high water table induced by appli- cation of irrigation v/ater. Orchard crops are subdivided into deciduous and subtropical. Deciduous orchards are still further subdivided into apples, peaches, pears, plums, mixed and miscel- laneous fruits, and miscellaneous nuts. -142- ?rigated pasture 5St of t»ass Valley .J^"^^fe&JiS^' .-^^^^k*^^-^ Cattle grazing south of Grass Valley I Idle irrigated lands are those lands which v/ere not irrigated in the year of survey but which had been irrigated within the preceding three years. Fallov/ irrigated lands are those cultivated lands which may have been irrigated during the year of survey, but v.tiich at the time of survey v/ere only tilled and not planted to a crop. The irrigated lands were identified on the work maps by diversion service area, by type of service received in the year of survey, and by crop irrigated, but on Plate 2 they are grouped into three categories: (1) those lands which received a full irrigation during the year of survey, (2) those lands which received only a partial irrigation because of insufficient water supply, and (3) those lands usually irrigated but which were idle or fallov/ in 1957' The limited acreage irrigated by ground water is included in Table 17 and delineated on Plate 2 Naturally High Water Table Lands In addition to the lands v/hich receive applied water as described above, there are lands supporting vegetation whicl utilize water from a naturally high water table, such as mount air meadov/s or lands adjacent to lakes and streams. These are shov^Ti on Plate 2 as "naturally irrigated meadowlands" and "marshes and swamps . " Dry-farmed Lands Dry-farmed lands are those lands normally planted to a crop but whicl^ do not -receive applied water. These include all lands so farmed, v^iether or not a crop is produced in the -lU- year of survey. Dry-farmed lands are called "idle" if entirely uncultivated in the year of survey and "fallow" if tilled but without a crop. Lands which had been idle for more than three years and appeared to have reverted to "native vegetation" were so mapped. It should be noted that the term "dry- farmed" as used herein refers to the farming practice on these lands, and not to a lack of soil moisture. Since noncultivated Tangelands are usually indis- tinguishable from lands with native cover not used for grazing purposes, both types are included in native vegetation. Water use in both cases is essentially the same, and is dependent upon precipitation. Urban Lands Urban lands include the total areas of cities, towns, small communities, and Industrial plots which are large enough to be delineated. Also included are parks, golf courses, race tracks ajid cemeteries within or near urban areas. The acreages represent gross delineations, including streets and vacant lots, and are therefore not necessarily fully developed at the present time. In this survey the boundaries of urban communities were delineated to include all lands with a density of one house or more per two acres. Recreational Lands Recreational lands were mapped on aerial photographs in the field in four categories: (l) residential, (2) commercial. -145- I I (3) camp and trailer sites, and (4) parks. Recreational resi- dential lands include permanent and summer home tracts vrithin a primarily recreational area. The estimated density of homes per acre was also indicated. Recreational commercial lands in- clude those containing motels, resorts, hotels, stores, restaurants, and similar commercial establishments in primarily recreational areas. Lands mapped in the camp and trailer sites category include those areas so used within primarily recreationa areas outside the boundaries of parks. The entire areas vdthin the boundaries of parks are included without regard to the extent of development v.lthin them. Obviously, nearly all of the mountainous and water surface areas are suitable for some rec- reational use such as fishing, hunting, hiking, and picnicking; however, for the purr)ose of this land use survey, consideration is given only to those lands having some intensive development requiring water service. The recreational lands are combined into one group in Table 16 and on Plate 2. Native Vegetation Lands v*iich are essentially in a native state and not included in any of the above categories are mapped as native vegetation. Native vegetation totals some 1,187,000 acres, or 95 percent of the Yuba-Bear Rivers Hydrographic Unit. In- cluded in this area are water surfaces, scattered residences, farm buildings, storage areas, and other uses covering a few acres or less v/hich are too small to be mapped separately. These lands are used to a great extent for mining, commercial timber production, livestock range, and/or recreational activities such as fishing, hunting, hiking and picnicking. -146- Orchard land north of Newcastle Furrow irrigation northeast of Lincoln Ok u zx cn< OK r^ ze - $£■3 2?- S ft I ° ^1 I ° c\: -^o -i 4J o V 'a' •3 03 a 6 > s s >>_] s 'S. ig :,■: -^ ^ i; I J, „l P fi «j -148- ff« O M CO :t- c-\ o ^ r4 [*J^ C^ ■ o ^ c (0 3^ K UJ > CO O O to O tN r^ iM -<1 IT. u-\ O OJ I ^- O 031 C^ 5£ Cvi {^ R "^ o ^o r- r-"! rA r-l ^^ i J. ^ ?^ 5 S:i ^ R :;) E 3 c z c < ^ ^i « f < 1 s :£ ■^ s. :35 j: M w -, ii <)i d ^ ^ .H ^ ^ r< hi i^ .», rrS A ■A i ^s tt c- CO tt CL' ;^ S R -149- lO 0> z 3 „ o ■a Zi •I OK C Zg - o 4O • !i -'g • K UiX ~ t- = I- -K K 4 UJ ffi I < to Se-5 2a ;:J ?:] S «l ^a. q -H r-l t^ iN J vO (^ f-t 0> Z o Zl -a «o< oir zto - UJX o o 4tf) O eir (E- -o: a: < lU CD I - E 2?- u « a. 3 -o o d SI 3 4 3 * ^ 3 ^ Si a Rl Si SI ^ 2£ S o .9 o 5 i I i ■9 e n .5 J -p. 1 ^ O TJ z ■ -p to a a> 8. 8. a a 2 ° ac X CO aa 3 3 £ U H W [^ t- CO w ^ ^ s = ^ g 3 iC s 3 s s J, c!i nil e^ e^ E^ gd33 gsgsgagg % S n !^ k k -151- -° a 3 » c^ o o 5 I 5 flo 1 to T>'c:r =?- 0» • — « 3 O. c •»< :;: OK O o - wx _ < UJ 0) -J o^ fv| "^ -J 1 ! fjj o i i vO ol -^ I -O -3- r-H r- O^ o ^ I So* m 1 1 ^ 1 •? 1^ a C 3 3 [J c 1 w s »■ =J »j «rS 11 -a c •fa. c 3 3. "3 ■^ -3 M M 1 1 :l^ s < -a "3 ■^ s ^ a 0^ i B -J S 3 ;3 s 1 i Q g ji .^ ^ .^ ^ ^ ^ (0 i 00 .^ .^ i i to 15 H M ^ s I ■a c tn .J. ^ ^ -152- ^ ^ Oil CM fcr\ o o^ {^ -J ^ "^ O :5| S ! j3.r 3 a to p ."■5 z u SI "Q. n< air lO *S ^g 3>- JX i:> c- -o: e < O I < m >- -H -£| t^ 1 1 3) § -o CM en o o -O ^ I ° .9 o I c ^ .9 » ^ Ji ti ti 2 ^ V I. n u CD m o ^ X ^ •E ^5 s ^ S P <( a o a "^r,\ :5 K) Oi CM ^K i J lil 4 tn t'^ 4! sd c ^ vO ,1 ■;J J, « -153- ■a ZX • ~a. .E OK o _ig « 0>- o K lUX _ u eoc ? £5 3 >- 3 "S'^dSR S:3°~'"S ;3;:!'^42iiQ"-"'3|^ a 3 * ^ 2 ° 1 ° Total lands irrigoted i-H ■0 > 1 ° f/> 1 <0 3 § T3 » 5 = 1 - ■D.2« 1 ^ 4» E 3 i ° 3| S u « Q. C to 1 ° 1 « < ' u a Truck and berry crops it »| R( S 1 * T3 5 i ° > Z ^ ^ - S S| K •0 • M s « ^;4 S^:::]'^'^S^;3^'^;?:=ifC-*'^3|g S3 ■0 " -8 U. r^l rH Groin ond hoy crops 1 ° Diversion nome or C. R. and G. W. Haiah Joy Hilliard Louis F. Dudley C, R. and G. W. Mais) C. R. and G. W. Maish Vincent Bellet Vincent Bellet and Edward BeUet Janes M, Selvester James H. Selvester James M. Selvester Bert L, Burda Minona Minln;' Co. Calvin Milhous Bert L, B\irda Frank S, Reader Francis J, Reader D. M. Loney Willian L. Davies Harry M. Davis Arbogast Brothers ion District nch Corral Subunit C. C. French S. I. Tumell Neal W. Duckels H l c -J a E 3 c d 3 i 1 1 a d s « s i 1 1 1 ^ i i i i 1 1 i § s _154_ z ft. < K O ^ o <• IE f E Hi > o o 1- ^ -O 1^ w\ 1 4> ^ O 2 0-5 S R 1 5 1 ° Totol lands irrigated E; '^ a :i ■o "> 1 o 1 o 1 6 il 3 a. ^ ^ s 1 ° o 3 « o 6 ■> II 1 o 1 o o 1 o 1 o to E 3 a 1 O 1 O o ^ 1 ° 1 ° 3 (0 o « Q. c 5 c 1 ° 1 1 ° 1 a. < 3 0* V o > 1 -- ^ o > 3^ 4» a e Q (J o 1 o o 1 ^ • 1 o ? 1 o 1-^ O •> * o O 5 u. c^ 1 c p 2?.t ^ u - ==i S ""^ £ «< o - o t UJI I- £ y OK < llJ I < ID >- S =1 I ° SI S CM »rv o^ S| § Pi Sil 2S .S o I ° t -3 5).S s; s^5 ,j, *'KH Sll r-i 5 . r- S-i 4> S" S' ? IS Vi H rta Q -H n sft ►.i^ t S ,s ^ Si s & ^ EE §5 s a ti ^ § i -156- 1 s 3 <« « Rr SE-; L L t e s _ iJ u- J; .2 o S ? 5 1^ I |2 I I . a u o s^ a Ss j^ 5 !^ r-4 ^ d .^ f* ^ fi f-i S 3 •-* li I s .1 3-S a o O W u ? "g O V -H *a C C 55 3 -157- lO 0> I -a. c in< c zo ^ o - *■ o 5 oi s?i 2& S o u. S = ^ ? .9 o J a 53 o c- o II 3 OJ CO On iTi r^ r-i P\ S| R oj o o| o 0)1 rH CO f- i °; r-i| rH -4J -* ■SI C^ 5 §<3 W -a ■O o g a. ^ K ^ d V I I £1 +1 a> -HP 5 g ,fe d E3 S^ a .5 s a s -158- Z 0. < O — O •• O o >- o ^ c (0 o IE lli > eo »rj c^ 1 ^ eo W S3 '^ I ° o 4, ° s to 1^ ^ 3 S I ° «> 5 S J F % 1 U 1 ffi s . . .s ? "^.■^ H ■a o I =3 J, J. ^ £^ £^ 00 00 w s s s s s ^ a. r-4 O, &. -3 2 .-t - o t^ Uil — 1- < H -a: a: < Ul CD ID 3 >• 3 a. (no "o *2 (ft vc*: .9 o J tNjNO -Jt^C^OOO^ -J CO -d- o^ I .5 S 5 S G m • C -H 3 U Q ; « 4' -D -160- CHAPTER IV. LAND CLASSIFICATION Calculations of future water requirements will be based in a large part on a classification of lands with regard to their potential for irrigated agricultural and recreational development. The results of a land classifi- cation survey conducted to determine this potential i'n the Yuba-Bear.Rive'fs Hydrographic Unit .are presented in this chapter. Lands were not classified in this survey with respect to their potential for urban development. Ihe use of lands for urbsm purposes is closely related to population at any given time, and it is planned to defer designation of these lands until estimates of population and related economic studies are made in connection with determination of future water requirements. The former Division of Water Resources made a reconnaissance classification of lands of the State which was reported in State V/ater Resources Board Bulletin No. 2, "Water Utilization and Requirements of California," dated June 1955. A similar reconnaissance classification, but with more detail, was also reported in the Division of Water Resources Bulletin No. 56, "Survey of Mountainous Areas," dated December 1955* and the former V/ater Resources Board's Bulletin No. 10, "Placer County Investigation," dated June 1955. Bulletin No. 10 entailed only that portion of the Yuba-Bear Rivers Hydrographic Unit in Placer County. A still more detailed Land classifi- cation survey was reported in Department of Water Resources .-161- Bulletin No. 58, "Northeastern Counties Investigation," dated June i960, covering that -oortion of the Yuba-Bear Rivers Hydrographic Unit in Yuba, Plumas, Butte, and Sierra Counties. The present investigation uses the same basic land classifica- tion standards which were used in Bulletin No. 58. However, additional classes of recreational lands have been included, along with some minor modifications to the irrigable agri- cultural land standards. In Yuba Plumas, Butte, and Sierra Counties, where the land classification survey was already completed for Bulletin No. 58, the basic classification reported therein was modified to meet the standards for this investigatio along with a remapping of the present urban lands. The lands within Beale Air Force Base were classified as to their potential for irrigated agriculture, regardless of their present military status. Results of the land classification survey are shown on sheets 1 through 23 of Plate 3, "Classification of Lands'," The totals of areas in each classification are shown in Table 19 Methods and Procedures The general methods and procedures used in field mapping and tabulation of information were essentially the same as those described for the lamd use survey in Chapter III.| An example of land classification delineations on an aerial photograph is shown on page I63. The standards used in the classification of lands are given in detail in Table I8. -162- Example of Land Classification Delineated on Aerial Photograph (See page l64 for symbol explanation) -163- TABLE Ig LAND CLASSIFICATION STANDARDS Land class: symbols : Characteristics Irrip:able Lands V - These lands are level or slightly slooinp' and vary from smooth to hummocky or gently undulating relief. The maximum allov/able slope is 6 percent for smooth, reasonably large-sized bodies lying in the same plane. As the relief increases and becomes more complex, lesser slopes are limiting. The soils have medium to deep effective root zones, are permeable throughout, and free of salinity, alkalinity, rock, or other conditions limiting crop adaptability of the land. These lands are suitable for all cli- matically adapted crops. H - These are lands with greater slope and/or relief than those of the V class. They vary from smooth to moderately rolling or undulating relief. The maximiim allowable slope is 20 percent for smooth, reasonably large-sized bodies lying in the same plane. As the relief increases and becomes more complex, lesser slopes are limiting. The soils are permeable, with medium to deep effective root zones, and are suitable for the production of all climatic- ally adapted crops. The only limitation is that imposed by topographic conditions. M - These are lands with greater slooe and/or relief than those of the H Class. They vary from smooth to steeply rolling or undulating relief. The maxim.um allowable slope is 30 percent for smooth, reasonably large-sized bodies lying in the same plane. As the relief increases and becomes more complex, lesser slooes are limiting. The soils are permeable, with medium to deep effective root zones, and are suitable for the production of all climatically adapted crops. The only limitation is that imposed by topographic conditions. Any variation in the foregoing, as defined, is indicated by use of one or more of the following symbols: W - Indicates the presence of a high water table, wtiich in effect limits the present crop adaptability of these lands to pastvire crops. Drainage and a change in irrigation practice would be required to affect the crop adaptability. -164- TABLE 18 (Continued) LAND CLASSIFICATION STANDARDS Land class: ' symbol t Characteristics s - Indicates the presence of an excess of soluble salts or exchangeable sodium in slight amoxints, which limits the present adaptability of these lands to crops tolerant to such conditions. The presence of salts within the soil generally indicates poor drainage and a mediiJim to high water table. Reclamation of these lands will involve drainage and the application of small amounts of amendments and some additional water over and above crop requirements in order to leach out the harmful salts. ss - Indicates the presence of an excess of soluble salts or exchangeable sodium in sufficient quantity to require the application of moderate amounts of amend- ments and some additional water over and above crop requirements in order to effect reclamation. h - Indicates very heavy textures, which make these lands best suited for production of shallow-rooted crops, 1 - Indicates fairly coarse textures and low moisture- holding capacities, which in general make these lands unsuited for the production of shallow-rooted crops because of the frequency of irrigations required to supply the water needs of such crops, p - Indicates shallow depth of the effective root zone, which limits use of these lands to shallow-rooted crops. r - Indicates the presence of rock on the surface or within the plow zone in sufficient quantity to prevent use of the land for cultivated crops. Urban Lands UD - The total area of cities, towns, and small communities presently used for residential, commercial, recre- ational and industrial purposes. Recreational Lands RR - Existing and potential permanent and summer home tracts within a primarily recreational area. The estimated number of houses, under conditions of full development, is indicated by a number in the symbol, i.e., RR-3 is suitable for three houses per acre. -165- TABLE Id (Continued) LAND CLASSIFICATION STANDARDS Land class: symbols ; Characteristics RC - Existing and potential commercial areas which occur v;ithin a primarily recreational area and viiich incluc motels, resorts, hotels, stores, etc. RT - Existing and potential camp and trailer sites within a primarily recreational area PP - Existing coianty, state, federal, and private parks, race tracks, and fairgrounds. Miscellaneous Lands \ F - Presently forested lands, or lands subject to forest management, v\*iich meet the requirements for irrigable land but which, because of climatic conditions and physiographic position, are better suited for timber production or some type of forest management program rather than for irrigated agriculture. Vm - Swamps and marshlands which are covered by water most of "Che time and usually suprjort a heavy grovrth of phreatoph3rt es . N - Includes all lands which fail to meet the requirement of the above classes- Ma.jor Categories of Land Classes i As indicated in Table 1^ the lands mapped have been grouped into four major categories: irrigable lands, urban lands recreational lands, and miscellaneous lands. Additional notes with respect to the siirvey of lands in 1957 are set forth in the following paragraphs. -166- Recreation on Lake Van Norden near Soda Springs Boating on Lake Vera near Nevada City Irrigable Lands Irrigable lands are grouped in appropriate classifi- cations according to their suitability for development under irrigated agricultixre and their crop adaptability. Presently irrigated lands are included within these classifications, but urban lands and recreational lands are not classed as to irri- gability. In the survey the time element with respect to when the lands might be developed did not enter the determination of class, except that suitability for irrigated agriculture v/as necessarily considered in light of present agricultural technoloi There are many factors which influence the suitability of land for irrigation development. Since soil characteristics and the physiography of the landscape are the most stable of ^^i these factors, they were the only ones considered in the survey in classifying lands to their irrigability . The characteristics of the soil were established by examination of road cuts, ditcl banks, and the material from test holes, together with observaJ tions of the type and density of native vegetation and croos. Representative slopes throughout the area were measured with a clinometer. Other aspects, such as those economic factors re- lated to the production and marketing of climatically adapted crops, the location of lands with respect to a water supply, and climatic conditions, were not considered in the basic classification. These latter factors are very important in esti- mating the nature of future cropping patterns and practices, and will be given due consideration when estimates are made of future water requirements. -I6g- Urban • Lands It is recognized that future urban expansion will encroach ur>on some of the irrigable lands. The location and extent of this t^'^pe of development is a fionction of many variables. Because this land classification survey is an in- ventory of relatively unchanging physical conditions, no attempt was made to locate the areas of urban encroachment. Therefore, only those lands devoted to urban uses in 1957 are designated as "urban" lands. Recreational Lands Present trends indicate an expanding rate of use and demand for recreational facilities throughout the State. In view of these trends and the ever-increasing population, it is recognized that there will be a demand for substantial land areas for recreational purposes. This is particularly true of the mountainous regions where this type of development is ex- panding rather rapidly at the present time. Generally speaking, all. moimtainous lands are suitable for some recreational use such as hunting, fishing, and similar outdoor activities. However, for purposes of this survey, lands classified for recreational use were limited to those which are now or in the future are expected to be used intensively for permanent and summer home tracts, commercial recreational areas, camp and trailer sites, and parks outside of urban areas. These are lands requiring intensive water service. -169- Primary considerations for classification of home tracts and camp and trailer sites were such physical factors as soil depth, slope, and rockiness; such aesthetic values as viev;, nearness to lakes, streams or seashore, or density and type of forest canopy suitable for the respective uses; and the plans of United States and California forest officials. An imt>ortant factor in location of camp and trailer sites is the availability of a water supply, but isolation from existing roads did not influence site selection. Miscellaneous Lands Three tyr)es of lands are included as miscellaneous lands. These are: (1) irrigable forest management lands, (2) swamps and marshlands, and (3) other lands. Irrigable forest management lands are those forested lands, rangelands, or lands subject to some type of forest managemoit v/hich have physical conditions making them susceptible to irrigation development but v\,1iich, because of climatic con- ditions and physiographic position, are better suited for and are expected to remain under, their present uses. Swamps and marshlands are those lands which generally have v;ater standing on them and usually suo'^ort a heavy groirth of tules or other phreatophytes. Apnroximately SOI, 000 acres, or 64 percent of the area of the hydrographic unit, are other lands, which failed to meet the requirements for the irrigable, urban, recreation, irrigable forest management, or swamp and marsh classification. -170- z 3 o U) I o Q. < < -I o ll o 0> o q:„ ^ Q (fl ?• V « UJ o J. « _i o 03 1- CO < < rr <- H o iij^ u. > (O (r (0 < (T 1 < o m I < m > i S ~ IS W. 9. 8°|8 H Ih O p Ol O Q OIO O O O OIO s&is ° oThi o o oic O O O Q P O ^S(g ° ?y irJt^ a5 "^ §Si ^ SIS 5 8?SIS OlO t— lAVO Ojcy ° 8 SftSI^ O onaodo C7\ 38 IS1§ « o o u> H 8°°|8 SS|S Q Q O p O CT\ O m°8|8 W ^ li 8°°|8 SS°|8 H Ih SSIR S g°R < oT [ro SD oo m H '^^'JoIct' "J rn rn r- U^OJ lA H H HIW CM ro rn S°|S ° R°|S^ §.g^ 8°|8 I 8,°|& ' 8R|S S a°18 H Olloo H CO (=0 SS|? 8°|8 as f § i O O : « (d -p iS O O 3 H O O «J CO d o -P H cq tn >H v o o c a U O I H O (O ^ d ^4 o -P fc 3 y d fi > d ^ 6* «* --< .3 H a (Ih >* II o o "^^-^ Tf 4) o 1 V H it Ji O 3 H 4) O d ) o o , d M -p •O 0) o Si- Si s? s %m 5 HloT ° °S|S 8 fn tAlCh o o|< S;?S' § § o o H d »^ -P b, T} V o d g E-< J3 > d O 4) H •P K PL4 8 S I v5 itJh go H Hl(^ ^1 fcS o o d -171- co X o Q. ■o •3 < < ir o C u o ^ o q:„ O o «» z >-?> o o h- V) < K <: o LJ^ UJ ll > 1 O to IT < (/> t- < o: < ffl >- i&°°°l g CO rH ( ° 8°|8 CM |0J il°l§ o ?s^ o -a- i/\ rvi r^ o 9,m OJ t^lON -I roCK on m -3- oj °8S|8 ° S a ° °g88g8| g^ °ssy on m "-t '&|i o o o S°°[S S §°'8|§ § S8S1S ) OJ O on 8 g OJlOJ O O OIO o o o o o o CO C- H °RSIg cofoN o o OIO u>JtrN cyloT lf\'r-i CO o o o o § 0\ CO U-N J- cy H 5« ^a^s8 8 ON O OOH -\55 IT h1^ O O OIO O OIO 5|0 'SIR cvjIoj s CO 3 H 8 o o Q o q p pn IP, ITvl '^g =p O Q OIQ 8 R °8S 1 CJ CJ t O O OIQ °S8 8gS ° as ° 8 ^,1 J- fO O lA 8 °S O o o o C\J C-- ONJ 3\ col Sg°°S ? ."IJ t- \f\ C\J u^ OJ o 5 ^>. gfi! - u = 51 o "3 u Q a O C £ CO I1 §§ O O o o « •> Cl4 H -H J3 O '3 E a) p cog O O 3 H o 4 S (^ (d ^ CO J4 o o o Ph ji4 2: CO h d5 « (0 n 3 ) o O o o : 5 S 6 2 S ^ J S5 &, 0, tn 5 -172- CHAPTER V. SUMT'IARY The Yuba-Bear Rivers Hydrographic Unit comprises the 1,955-square-mile (1,251,120 acres) drainage area of the Yuba and Bear Rivers and minor streams draining the foothills between the Yuba River and the American River above the Sacramento Valley- floor. Most of the terrain in the unit is mountainous, but valley and foothill lands constitute about 40 percent of the total area. Agriculture is the largest single commercial enter- Drise in the \mit . Approximately one-tenth of the lands pre- sently devoted to agriculture are dry-farmed; nine-tenths are irrigated. Major irrigated crops are pasture and deciduous orchard. Lumbering, recreation, and hydroelectric power develop- ment are also important local activities. The largest communities in the area are Auburn, Grass Valley, and Nevada City. Water Use A siirvey was made of water uses supplied by diversion of surface water during 1957 and 195S, the object of which was to locate and obtain data with respect to all diversions of more than 10 acre-feet per year. Continuous or periodic measurements were made on approximately 45 oercent of the 374 diversions located during the year of survey. Twelve significant hydroelectric povrerplants are located in the unit, but most of the -diversions (275) are used for irrigation r)urpoaes. The largest diverters of water in the unit are Pacific Gas and Electric Company and Nevada Irrigation District. -173- The basis of v;ater right for each diversion v;as deter- mined insofar as possible. Most of the diversions are based on appropriative rights, many of xvhich were established prior to the enactmait of the Water Commission Act (1914) i and are not of record, since such rights could be established simply by actual diversion and use of vrater. Generally, there are no official records of the riparian rights. The Water Commission Act, now codified in Divisions 1 and 2 of the ■..ater Code, requires formal application for the appropriation of water. As of May 29, 1959, a total of 470 currently valid applications had been made under provisions of the act in the Yuba-Bear Rivers Hydrographic Unit. Permits or licenses had been granted for 392 of these applications. Fifty-two of these applications were pending v/ith the board, and 26 were incomplete. Land Use A detailed land use survey was conducted in the Yuba-Bear Rivers Hydrogranhic Unit during 1957- The areas of land devoted to present uses are summarized belov/ and portrayed pictorially in Figure 1. -174- Use Area, in acres Agricultural lands Lands irrigated in 1958 43,880 Lands normally irrigated but idle or fallow in 1957 530 Meadowlands 5,260 Dry-faiwed lands 4,900 Total agriculture 54,660 Recreational lands 1,540 Urban lands 8,020 Native vegetation and m&rshlsncs 1,186,990 Total area of unit 1,251,120 Of the 43,880 acres of land irrigated, 43,780 were irrigated with surface water and 100 with ground water. Land Classification A detailed agricultural and recreational land classi- fication survey was conducted in the unit in 1957. In Nevada and Placer Coiinties a complete new survey was conducted, while in Butte, Plumas, Sierra, and Yuba Counties the agricultural land class reported in Bulletin No. 58 was utilized with some minor modifications. Results of the survey are summarized below and presented pictorially in Figure 2. -175- Classification Area, in acres Irrigable agricultural lands 314,320 Present urbein lands 8,020 Recreational lands 14,420 Miscellaineous lands Irrigable forest management lands 113*130 Other lands (including swamps end m? r g hland s ) 801^230 Total area of unit 1,251,120 About 92 percent of the irrigable agricultural lands are located in the Auburn Ravine, Camp Beale, Camp Far V/est, Combie, Coon Creek, Deer Creek, Dry Creek, French Corral, French Dry Creek, Rocklin, and Wolf Creek Subunits. Approximately 97 percent of the recreational lands are located in the higher mountainous areas of the Alleghany, Bullards Bar, Donner Pass, Dutch Flat, French Dry Creek, Goodyears Bar, La Porte, Pike, and Sierra City Subunits. The majority of the irrigable forest management lands are located xn the klle^any, Bullards Bar, Deer Creek, Donner Pass, Dutch Flat, French Dry Creek, Greenhorn Creek, Pike, and V/ashington Subunits. -176- r- URBAN LANDS (0.6 %) //-RECREATIONAL LANDS (0.1%) // / — AGRICULTURAL LANDS "(4.4%) Figure I 1957 LAND USE PRESENT URBAN LANDS (0.6%) RECREATIONAL LANDS (1.2%) IRRIGABLE AGRICULTURAL LANDS I IRRIGABLE FOREST MANAGE- MENT LANDS (9.0%) Figure 2 CLASSIFICATION OF LANDS -177- APPENDIX A STATEWIDE WATER RESOURCES AND WATER REQUIREr4ENTS PROGRAM A-1 APPENDIX A STATEWIDE WATER RESOURCES AND WATER REQUIREMENTS PROGRAM California's major water problem today Is that of development amd delivery of supplemental water supplies to meet increasing water requirements throughout the State. The problem involves (l) the regulation of seasonal and cyclic fluctuation of streamflow to meet demand schedules in the areas of origin, and (2) the transmission of regulated sur- plus flows over long distances to areas of deficiency. The development emd long-distance transfer of water is currently accomplished by such major facilities as the federal Central Valley Project and the Colorado River Aqueduct of The Metro- politan Water District of Southern California. However, such development and transfer will be considerably broadened in scope by the State Water Facilities. Consumptive water requirements of the State on a basin-wide basis were estimated in State Water Resources Board Bulletin No. 2, "Water Utilization and Requirements of California/' June 1955. However, to provide for local water needs while considering specific export projects, more de- tailed information must be made available on present and projected future water requirements of the areas in which the projects are to be built. This has necess-tated the considerably more detailed collection and analysis of data on hydrology, land use and land capability, and economics. A-2 Recognizing that additional information is needed if the water needs of areas of origin are to be adequately- protected in large-scale water development projects, the 1956 Legislature authorized an investigation to determine the water resources sind water requirements of the respective watersheds in the State. Ihe authorization is contained in Chapter 6I, Statutes of 1956, as amended by Chapter 2025, Statutes of 1959. ■Hiis legislation is codified in Section 232 of the Water Code as follows: "232. The Legislature finds and declares that in providing for the full development and utilization of the water resources of this State it is necessary to obtain for consideration by the Legislature and the people, information as to the water which can be made available for exportation from the watersheds in which it originates without depriving those watersheds of water necessary for beneficial uses therein. To this end, the department is authorized and directed to conduct investigations and hearings and to prepare findings therefrom and to report thereon to the Legislature at the earliest possible date with respect to the following matters: (a) The boundaries of the respective watersheds of the State and the quantities of water originating therein; (b) The quantities of water reasonably required for ultimate beneficial use in the respective watersheds; (c) The quantities of water, if any, available for export from the respective watersheds; (d) The areas which can be served by the water available for export from each watershed; and (e) The present use of water within each watershed together with the apparent claim of water right attaching thereto, excluding individual uses of water involving diversions of small quantities which, in the judgment of the Director of Water Resources, are insufficient in the aggregate to materially affect the quantitative determina- tions included in the report. "Before adopting any findings which are reported to the Legislature, the department shall hold public hearings after reasonable notice, at which all interested persons may be heard." A-3 For purposes of this investigation, the State has been divided into major hydrographic areas. These areas, in turn, have been subdivided into hydrographic units generally comprising watersheds of individual rivers. These watersheds are i>eing field surveyed in some detail, and, where previous detailed studies have been made, the information will be brought up to date. V/ater resources and water requirements will be determined and reported in a bulletin for each of the hydrographic areas. Since it requires many years to gather sufficient data to make adequate analyses of water resources and water requirements, and, in order to make the data on present land and water use available when they are most use- ful, surveys of land and water use are being made and pub- lished separately for each of the hydrographic units. Bulletin No. 94-3, "Land and V/ater Use in Yuba-Bear Rivers Hydrographic Unit," is the third of a series reporting the results of these surveys . At a future date, estimates, largely based on the land and water use surveys, will be made of quantities of water reasonably required for future beneficial use in each water- shed. The quantity of water potentially available for export from each watershed will be determined after allowances are made for the satisfaction of the local requirements and prior rights to divert water to other areas. For those watersheds in which no exportable water is available, the water supply deficiency will be determined. These estimates will be published as they become available, in such form as to make possible a county-by- county determination. A-4 The calculations of future water requirements wxll be based, in part, on predicted future land uses derived from land classification surveys, economic studies, population forecasts, industrial and agricultural development, and recreational needs. Agricultural water requirements will be based on unit water use by the various predicted crop types; urban and recreational requirements on per capita water use values; fish and wildlife requirements on minimum streamflow needed or on water demands for wildlife areas; smd industrial water requirements on measured water deliveries to various types and sizes of industries now existing. In forecasting future industrial development, water quality problems will be given full consideration. V/ater resources will be determined from records of all stream gaging stations, including new stations which were established for this and other investigations of the depart- ment. The new stations were generally constructed on streams which originate in the smaller watersheds for which runoff data are necessary but for which no data have been available. As part of this investigation, two new stream gaging stations were added to the existing network of stations in the Yuba- Bear Rivers Hydrographic Unit. Oliese stations were installed: Stream gaging station Date installed V/olf Creek near Wolf May 28, 1957 Deer Creek near Nevada City June 19* 1957 A-5 APPENDIX B REPORTS ON RELATED INVESTIGATIONS AND OTHER REFERENCES B-1 APPENDIX B REPORTS ON RELATED INVESTIGATIONS AND OTHER REFERENCES Browne, J. Ross. "Resources of the Pacific Slopes." 1S69. California Blue Book. 195^. California State Department of Finance. "California's Popula- tion in 1959." August 1959. California State Department of Natural Resources, Division of Ilines. "Fifty-Fifth Report of the State Minerologist, San Francisco, California. 1959. "Geologic Guidebook Along Highway 49-Sierran Gold Belt. The Mother Lode Country." Bulletin No. 141. September 1948. California State Department of Public Works, Division of Engineering and Irrigation. "Irrigation Districts in California;" Bulletin No. 21. 1929. Division of Water Resources. "Sacramento River Basin." Bulletin No. 26. 1931. Division of Water Resources. "Survey of Mountainous Areas." Bulletin No. 56. 1955. California State Department of Water Resources. "State Water Right Applications for Unappropriated Water, Assignment Thereof, Reservations for Counties of Origin, and Other Related Matters." January 1959. -_- — "Northeastern Counties Investigation," Bulletin No. 5^. June I960, California State Water Code. California State Water Resources Board. "Placer County Investigation." Bulletin No. 10. Jiine 1955. "Sutter-Yuba Counties Investigation." Bulletin No. 6. 1952. "Water Resources of California." Bulletin No. 1. 1951 "Water Utilization and Requirements of California." Bulletin No. 2, June 1955. Coleman, Charles M. "P. G. and E. of California: The Centennial Story of Pacific Gas and Electric Company." 1952. B-2 1 Harding, S, T. "Water in California." I960. Lardmar, V/. B. and Brock, M. L. "History of Placer and Nevada Counties, California;" 1924. Means, Thomas H. "Preliminary Report on Placer County Irriga- tion District." October 1924. Nevada County Superior Court. Thomas Sleeman v. Nevada Irrigation District, No. 5566. October S, 1932* United States Department of Agriculture, Office of Experiment Stations. "Report of Irrigation Investigations in California." Bulletin No. 100. 1901. University of California, Agricultural Experiment Station. "Hilgardia - Determining Water Needs for Crops from Climatic Data." Volume 24, No. 9. December 1955. B-3 APPENDIX C LEGAL CONSIDERATIONS ! ( C-1 LEGAL CONSIDERATIONS TABLE OP CONTENTS Page California Water Rights C-3 Riparian Rights C-k Appropriative Rights C-5 Ground Water Rights C-7 State Assistance C-9 Litigation Concerning Local Water Rights. ...... C-10 Sleeman v. Nevada Irrigation District C-10 TABLES Table No . C-1 Applications to Appropriate Water in C-12 Yuba-Bear Rivers Hydrographic Unit C-2 APPENDIX C LEGAL CONSIDERATIONS There are set forth in the following paragraphs brief general statements with respect to the California law of water rights to supplement and to provide a background for information on water rights contained in Chapter II, Also Included are comments on litigation concerning local water rights and a tabulation of currently valid applications to appropriate water within the Yuba-Bear Rivers Hydrographic Unit filed with the State Water Rights Board. California Water Rights All rights to water in California are usufructuary. They consist only in right to the benefitcial use of the water. V/ater itself is subject to ownership only when it has been taken into actual possession. However, the owner of a usufructuary right is entitled to have the water in the surface stream flow to the point of his diversion, or to his riparian lands, without the unlawful interference by up- stream diverters who have rights which are inferior to his. Riparian and appropriative rights to surface water are recognized in California. Riparian rights are paramount until lost or impaired by grant, condemnation, or prescription, Correlative rights to ground water, also recognized in California, are analogous to the riparian rights to surface waters. C-3 All water rights, both surface and underground, are subject to the doctrine of reasonable use expressed in Section 3 of Article l4 of the State Constitution. This doctrine limits the rights to the quantity of water reasonably required for beneficial use and prohibits waste, unreasonable use, or unreasonable methods of use or diversion. Riparian Rights Riparian rights are part and parcel of riparian lands, i.e., lands contiguous to a natural watercourse within a watershed. They extend only to the smallest tract, so situated, held within the continuous chain of ownership. Each riparian right is correlative with each and every other such right within the watershed. In the event of insufficient water for all, the available supply must be prorated, except' that an upper riparian owner may take the whole supply if necessary for domestic use. Riparian rights extend to future reasonable requirements for beneficial use upon riparian lands. Riparian rights do not authorize use of water on nonriparian lands, nor do they permit the seasonal storage of water. Ihey are not created by use nor are they lost by nonuse. They do not prevent temporary appropriation by others of water not presently needed on riparian lands. The rights may be severed or lost, in the whole or in part, by grant or condemnation, and they caiinot thereafter be restored. A parcel of land loses its riparian right when separated from contact with a stream by conveyance, unless the right is 0-4 specifically reserved by the grantor. Riparian rights cannot be transferred for use upon another parcel of land. A riparian right may also be lost by prescription. Riparian rights are superior to appropriative rights, except in the case of rights founded upon appropriations of water upon vacant public lands initiated before valid steps were taken to remove the riparian lands from the domain of the United States, regardless of whether the appropriative diversions and/or the lands they serve are upstream or down- stream from the riparian lands, Appropriative Rights The miners of the early gold-seeking period estab- lished the doctrine of appropriative water rights in California, The oldest of the procedures to perfect an appropriative right required simply that a diversion be made and the water be put to beneficial use. The date of the right began with its beneficial use. The first provision for recordation as a step in perfecting an appropriative water right was contained in the Civil Code enacted in I872, Section l4l5. The procedure under this section was the posting of a notice of intention at or near the place of proposed diversion, describing the source of the water, the location of the proposed diversion, the amount to be diverted, the use to be made, and the place of C-5 use. This notice was to be signed, witnessed, and a copy filed with the recorder in the county in which the proposed diversion was located. The appropriative right thus initiated became perfected when the water was put to beneficial use, but the right related back to the time the notice was posted. VJhile the I872 Civil Code procedure was the first to require recordation, it was not an exclusive procedure in that an appropriative right could be perfected to the extent of beneficial use simply by diverting the water and making beneficial use of it. The Water Commission Act, on the other hand, estab- lised an exclusive procedure for the appropriation of water. This enactment requires that a permit be obtained from the State of California before water can be appropriated. The procedure as formerly contained in the l/ater Commission Act, and as subsequently amended is now codified in the Water Code Sections 120O-I8OI, It requires that an application to appropriate water first be submitted to the State V/ater Rights Board. Upon the approval of the application, a permit is issued so that the applicant can construct the features necessary to put the water to beneficial use. V>fhen the project has been completed, an inspection of it is made and a license is issued, to the extent of beneficial use, provided the terms and conditions of the permit have been fulfilled. C-6 Once an appropriatlve water right has been initiated, it must be diligently prosecuted to completion in order to maintain its date of priority. V/hile water may not be appro- priated for a distant future use, a reasonable amount of time is allowed to put the full amount of water to use within the original intent of the application to appropriate water. A right to appropriate water is lost by abandonment or continuous nonuse. In the case of an appropriation initta-vid prior to 191^* the period of continuous nonuse generally is five year, while in the case of an appropriation initiated under the V/ater Commission Act or the Water Code, the period of continuous nonuse is generally only three years. Domestic use of water is the highest use and irrigation the next highest use of water as provided in the Water Code, Applications to appropriate water within the Yuba- Bear Rivers Hydrographic Unit, filed with the State sine 191^ and active on May 29, 1959^ are summarized in Table C-1. Those diversions for which an application to appropriate water is filed with the State and which were found in this survey to be of significant size have been assigned diversion numbers which are included in the table. The status of each applica- tion as to the granting of a permit or license is also shown in the table. Ground V/ater Rights The permit and license procedure established by the Water Commission Act applies only to streams and other bodies of s\irface water and to subterranean streams flowing C-7 through known and definite channels. Percolating ground water is therefore excluded, and rights to its use are governed by- judicial decisions rather than by statute. Groimd waters are presumed to be percolating in the absence of evidence to the contrary . The owner of land overlying a ground water basin or stratum has, like the riparian owner, a paramount right to the reasonable beneficial use of the natural supply upon his overlying land, which right he holds in common with all other- landowners similarly situated. Only surplus water in excess of reasonable requirements for beneficial use upon overlying lands is subject to appropriation for beneficial use upon other lands . Prescriptive rights to ground water may be acquired under the same circumstances as prescriptive rights to water of surface streams. Where ground water and surface water are inter- connected, one acting as a tributary to the other, both are treated as part of a common supply, and users of water from either source are entitled to protection from substantia] injury as a result of use by othersof water from the other source. Thus, an owner of land riparian to a stream may have his right to the use of water protected against impairment by an approprlator of percolating ground water tributary to the stream and required for the maintenance and support of its flow. Likewise, where water from a stream percolates to a ground water basin or stratum, the owner of land overlying such ground water may be protected from an appropriation of C-8 water of the stream, if such use causes a substantial impair- ment of the ground water supply. As between riparian use of surface water and overlying use of ground water tributary to the stream, a sharing of the available water supply on the basis of reasonable beneficial use should be made. State Assistance Under provisions of the State Water Code, actions involving determinations of rights to the use of water brought in either state or federal courts may, at the court's discretion, be referred to the State Water Rights Board. Under provisions of Water Code Section 2000, the court may appoint the board to referee "any or all issues involved in the suit," or under Section 2001 it may limit the reference to "investigation of and report upon any or all physical facts involved." This reference procedure may be followed in suits involving either or both surface and ground waters. A simplified procedure is available for adjudication of rights to the use of water of streams, lakes, and other bodies of water, but the method excludes the determination of rights to take water from an undergrovmd supply other than from a subterranean stream flowing through known and definite channels. V/ater Code Sections 2500 to 2900, inclusive, authorize the initiation of such a proceeding before the board. The board then makes an engineering investigation and report, holds hearings, and prepares an order of determination which is submitted to the court. After hearings, the court makes a final determination of the water rights. C-9 Court actions which involve a determination of all the relative rights to the use of water of an entire stream or stream system and/or ground water basin afford a basis for distribution of water after decree under watermaster service. Water users may secure the services of the Department of Water Resources under Water Code Sections 4000 to 4407, inclusive, in making distribution of the water to them according to their respective rights, as determined by the court. Litigation Concerning Local Water Rights Water rights in the Yuba-Bear Rivers Hydrographic Unit are based primarily upon ripariain status and upon appro- priation, as further delimited by private agreements, and adjudications. One major suite, Thomas Sleeman v. Nevada Irrigation District (1932), Nevada County Superior Court Case No. 5566, recorded in Book 34 of Nevada County Official Records fjage 34, has defined the rights of a number of the water users on V/olf Creek. The following is a brief descrip- tion of the suit and its results. Sleeman v. Nevada Irrigation District In this case, Thomas Sleeman, as owner of riparian lands along Wolf Creek south of Grass Valley in Nevada County, sued Nevada Irrigation District to establish the relationship of their respective water rights. Nevada Irrigation District in turn filed a cross -complaint against Sleeman and other users of VJolf Creek waters. The judgment, dated October 8, 1932, establishes the diversion entitlements of the plaintiff and cross -defendants as against the defendant to the natural C-IO ^ runoff of Wolf Creek. Any water that Is Imported directly to Wolf Creek, or indirectly through the mines upstream, by the defendant Is not natural runoff and may not be diverted by the plaintiff or cross-defendants. In addition to this imported water, the defendant may divert as much of the natural runoff of Wolf Creek flowing at the head of the defendant ' s Tarr Ditch, that is not required to supply the rights of the plaintiffs and cross-defendants. C-11 5 — o I 3 Q. tij < O H a m < <•) O 1 Q. O (£ a. II UJ Ol < m ? o > J 1- ill ? 5 J, s, £ ? 1? ft ca ft a ft a a m & ■s u s ■g t ■s t •j] ■fi t ■d i? s o u -H I, b I. u u •^ a. t-H *~' X £ n "^ •^ *~' •^ t-t M n Q M s in RftftSA R o iH ^ r^ M rH ;*, (^ fn ;*\ f^ f^ (^ *>*>*> *> (^ (^ r^ miH « o *J a a a o- 43 M 1 1 1 1 1 ^ 1 43 43 1 1 S 1 |l ^ 5 •^ ril p-j 1-t r-l r^ 1-1 r-l l~^ rH ^ rH .H ^^ rH -i •H ri r^ J r-t A A o 1 9 1 5 1 9 9 g5SkRfe.k § 6. u a- fe. L. § s s II ■? •^ •^ -9 -T. 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"^ ■-N^ •~>^ 'v. \ ■v. -v. ^ r-i "^ f^ f^ cn c^ (^ f^ "^ s. *■ • a 5 g ^ S i ^ s S flO ^ £ ^ irl a ^ 5\ CO 00 to X ■X s « aZ ^ -H r-t < -C-34- APPENDIX D DETAILED DESCRIPTIONS OF CERTAIN SURFACE WATER DIVERSIONS D-1 DETAILED DESCRIPTIONS OF CERTAIN SURFACE WATER DIVERSIONS TABLE OP CONTENTS Page Browns Valley Irrigation District D-4 Nevada Irrigation District D-7 Mountain Division D-9 Milton-Bowman Tunnel. . D-10 Upstream Reservoirs Releasing to Bowman Lake. . D-10 " Bowman Lake D-11 Bowman-Spaulding Conduit D-12 4 Diversions Supplementing Bowman-Spaulding Conduit D-12 Nevada Division D-12 Cascade Canal D-l4 China Ditch D-15 D-S Canal and Deer Creek Reservoir D-15 Excelsior Ditch D-I6 Newtown Ditch D-17 Rough and Ready Ditch D-17 Scotts Flat Dam ' D-I8 Snow Mountain Ditch D-I8 Stone Ditch D-19 Tarr and French Ravine Ditches D-I9 Tunnel Ditch D-20 I D-2 water is delivered to the Browns Valley Ditch from diversion 17N/6E-4H1, owned by Prank Carmichael, and is received in exchange for water delivered to him through the Mahle Ditch during the irrigation season. Nevada Irrigation District Consideration was first given to the formation of an irrigation system in Nevada County in 1917. At that time landowners in the foothills feared that water supplies originating in the moxintainous area to the east would be developed for use in the Sacramento Valley, or that hydro- electric power would be developed in a manner incompatible with full irrigation development in the foothills. In 1918 a local committee formed, and made several water filings to preserve the use of the water for the foothill area. On March 15, 1921, another local committee presented a petition for the formation of an irrigation district to the Nevada Coimty Supervisors. An election took place on August 4, 1921, which resulted in the formation of Nevada Irrigation District. At that time the district consisted of 202,000 acres in Nevada County. It was realized at the outset that the development of the irrigation system would require the revenue from hydro- electric power production to finance a major portion of the project. This was accomplished by a contract with Pacific Gas and Electric Company whereby water developed by Nevada Irrigation District in the mountain regions would be transferred D-7 to the company for the development of hydroelectric power. Basically the contract provided: that the water would then be returned to the district in the foothill regions. Ihe lands within the newly formed district were not entirely without irrigation at the time of its formation. Many ditches that had been constructed to serve mines in Nevada and Placer Counties were serving small scattered parcels of irrigated land. Construction was started in the mountain regions, and existing distribution systems within the district were pur- chased following approval of the water right applications by the State Division of Water Rights and the Federal Power Commission; approval of the necessary rights-of-way over public land by the Federal Power Commission; and the approval by the Bond Certification Commission for the sale of $7*500,000 of bonds. Purchase of the distribution systems and the Bowman Lake properties was completed in 1925. During the time that the district was getting its construction program under v/gy, landovmsrs in Placer -County between Auburn Flavine and Bear River became interested in an additional water supply. On December 10, 1926, approximately 66,500 acres in Placer County were annexed to the district, bringing the total area to about 268,500 acres. On July 1, 1927, water was first delivered to Pacific Gas and Electric Company at Lake Spaulding. On May 15* 1928, the district voted a second bond issue of $2,595,000 to take care of the increased cost brought about D-8 by the inclusion of the Placer County unit. Ihis money, along with that remaining from thfe original bond issue, was to be used for construction of storage on Deer Creek at the Scotts Flat site; general extension of the already purchased distri- bution system in Nevada County; construction of Van Oiesen Dam on the Bear River; purchase from Pacific Gas and Electric Company of its Gold Hill and Ophir irrigation systems in Placer County; and general extension of the distribution system in Placer County. Ihis work was completed in the early 1930's, although some difficulty was encountered because of lack of funds needed to retire outstanding warrants and to complete the distribution system in Placer County. The district is divided into three divisions for operational purposes. The Mountain Division comprises the mountainous area wherein water is developed and stored for the production of hydroelectric power and later use in the foothill regions. The Nevada and Placer Divisions encompass the foothill lands within the district boundary in Nevada and Placer Counties, respectively. The location of the diversion facilities operated by the district are shown on sheets 1 through 23 of Plate 2, and sheets 1 and 2 of Plate 4. The following paragraphs outline the functions and principal features of each division. Mountain Division The Mountain Division of Nevada Irrigation District consists of the several storage reservoirs on upstream reaches of the Middle and South Yuba Rivers and canals to divert the D-9 stored water to the penstock of Spauldlng Powerhouse No, 3, which is owned by Pacific Gas and Electric Company. The two principal conduits for transporting this water are Milton- Bowman Tunnel and Bowman-Spaulding Conduit. The water is used for power generation at the powerplant, and is subsequently released to Lake Spauldlng. Ihe water is then released from Lake Spauldlng for additional power generation by the company, and is returned to the district at six locations for use in the Placer Division, and at the Deer Creek Powerhouse tailrace for use in the Bevada Division, Water rights for all but two of the diversions in this division are based on appropriation applications filed with the State in accordance with the Water Commission Act. The following is a description of each diversion: Mil ton-Bo wmsin Tunnel and Milton Reservoir (Diversion 19N/12E-12N1) , Milton Reservoir, with a c-apacity of -270 acre-feet, was constructed by Nevada Irrigation District in 192t for purposes of storing runoff to be diverted through the Milton-Bowman Tunnel to Bowman Reservoir, Additional water is received into the Milton-Bowman Tunnel from diversions 19N/12E-14P1 and 19N/12E-14H3, approximately 0.5 mile from Milton Reservoir. These diversions were constructed in 193^. Upstream Reservoirs Releasing to Bowman Lake . The various reservoirs located upstream from Bowman Lake for the purpose of storing winter runoff for subsequent releases during the summer are: Jackson Leike, French Lake, Island Lake, and Sawmill Lake. The aggregate capacity of these reservoirs D-10 is 17,270 acre-feet, of which 12,500 acre-feet are impounded in Jackson Lake. French Lake and Island Lake are located upstream from Sawmill Lake, thus enabling waters released from them to be regulated at Sawmill Lake. All of these reservoirs were constructed prior to the formation of Nevada Irrigation District and were purchased by the district. Island Lake and Sawmill Lake were purchased from North Bloomfield Gravel and Mining Company, November 25, 1925; French Lake from Summit V/ater and Irrigation Company, January 8, I926; and Jackson Lake from San Juan Gold Mining Company, June 21, I938. Bowman Lake (Diversion 18n/12E-8C1) « Bowman Lake was purchased from the Northern Water and Power Company, whose predecessor was the North Bloomfield Gravel and Mining Company, on November 25, 1925. Shortly thereafter construction commenced on new dams at the lake to increase the storage capacity. The original dam was constructed in I872, and diverted water into the Bloomfield Ditch, which followed the main ridge between the South and Middle Forks of the Yuba River from the lake to the North Bloomfield Mine, At present the principal purpose of Bowman Lake is to store and regulate water released from Milton-Bowman Tunnel, Sawmill Lake, Island Lake, French Lake, and Jackson Lake for rediversion by the Bowman-Spaulding Conduit. This is accomplished by releasing into Canyon Creek for re- diversion at the Bowman-Spaulding Conduit. D-11 I Bowman-Spaulding Conduit (Diversion 18N/12E-8C2) . Following the purchase of Bowman Lake and other upstream reser- voirs, construction commenced on the Bowman-Spaulding Conduit tc transmit Bowmsm Lake water to Pacific Oas and Electric Company's Sapulding Powerhouse No, 3, The conduit diverts from Canyon Creek 0,2 mile below Bowman Lake, and releases water to the powerplant at the head of the penstock. Diversions Supplementing Bowman-Spaulding Conduit, During the construction of the Bowman Spaulding Conduit, five additional diversions were constructed on streams between Bowman Lake and Lake Spaulding, These diversions were on Pall Creek (Diversion 17N/12E-6D1), Trap Creek (Diversion 17N/l2E-6^a) Rucker Creek (Diversion 17N/12E-7H1), Clear Creek (Diversion i8N/llE-36Jl), and Texas Creek (Diversion 18n/12E-19P1) , Lakes owned by Pacific Gas and Electric Company release water through these streams for rediversion into the Bowman-Spaulding Conduit. The Texas Creek, Pall Creek, and Rucker Creek diversions replaced diversions owned by Pacific Gas and Electric Compajiy which diverted to Lake Spaulding through the Texas and Fall Creeks Ditch, The diversion of Trap Creek, Rucker Creek, and Clear Creek is accomplished by the interception of these creeks by the Bowman-Spaulding Conduit, Nevada Division The Nevada Division of Nevada Irrigation District oncompasses all district lands in Nevada County. Areas of use within this division receive supply from ditches diverting fi-om D-12 y Deer Creek, Wolf Creek, and South Yuba River. Dj.tches diverting from Deer Creek are supplemented by deliveries from Pacific Gas and Electric Company through its Deer Creek Powerhouse. In addition to this, v/ater is conserved in Scott s Flat Reservoir on Deer Creek. With the exception of Scotts Plat Dam, all the works now in use in the Nevada Division were pur- Ohaaed by the irrigation district at the time of its formation. All water diverted in the Nevada Division is used within that division, except for releases from D-S and Cascade Canals to Little Greenhorn Creek for rediverslon in the Placer Division. In 1957 the district irrigated approximately 8,9^0 acres in the division in addition to releasing to natural stream channels for diversion by individually owned diversions. Prior to the formation of the district, approximately 6,600 acres were irrigated in this area by other organizations. Pacific Gas and Electric Company provided service in the vicinity of Nevada City and Grass Valley; the Excelsior Water and Mining Company sejrved lands west of Grass Valley; and the Blue Point Mining Company served an area southwest of Grass Valley. Crops in the district's Nevada Division service area consist primarily of irrigated pasture amd deciduous orchard, as they did in 1921. In addition to irrigation, stockwatering, and individual domestic service, water is also supplied to the cities of Grass Valley and Nevada City. In general, water is taken at diversions in this division under approprlative water rights filed with the State in accordance with the Water Commission Act, The exceptions D-13 are Tarr Ditch, where water is taken under an adjudicated right, and Stone Ditch, where water is taken under an appropriative right established prior to the enactment of the Vfeter Commission Act» All of the diversions from Deer Creek, with the exception of Scotts Flat Dam, divert xmder water right application No. I6l5 which allows an aggregate total of 100 cubic feet per second to be diverted from Deer Creek through eight ditches. Of these eight ditches, seven are now in use and are reported as diversions here- in- Following is a short discussion of the diversions within the Nevada Division: Cascade Canal (Diversion 17N/lOE-3Zi,El ) . Cascade Canal was purchased from Pacific Gas and Electric Company, as successor to th$ South Yuba Water Company, on November 23, 1926. This ditch diverts from Deer Creek approximately one-fourth mile down- stream from the Deer Creek Powerhouse through 5S miles of earth ditch* wood flume, and pipeline. From its diversion point it flows to the Drapire Reservoir, located about 3 miles east of Grass Valley, vrtiich regulates the flov; and releases into the Big Chicago Park Ditch, vAiich divides to form Rattlesnake and Chicago Park Ditchs. Rattlesnake Ditch serves the area between Wolf Creek and South Wolf Creek with its laterals, the Cunningham, Kyler, Union Hill, '/hite, Forest Borings, and Stockton Hill Ditches. Chicago , I Park Ditch follows the ridge between Wolf Greek and Greenhorn i Creek, and terminates near Mt. Olive. These ditches distribute the water in the Greenhorn Creek, Wolf Creek, and Lake Combie Sub- units for irrigation, stockv/atering, and domestic uses. Water may be released from Banner Reservoir, located on a lateral of the D-14 Cascade Canal, to supplement the D-S Canal. Water may also be released from the Chicago Park Ditch-to Little Greenhorn Creek to supplement the district's diversions from the Bear River in the Placer Division. China Ditch (Diversion 16N/7E-20E1) , China Ditch diverts from Deer Creek through 26 miles of earth ditch and wood flume for irrigation, stockwatering, and domestic uses in the area of Smartville and to the west of Smartvllle in the Deer Creek, Dry Creek, French Dry Creek, and Camp Beale Subunits. Principal laterals distributing the water in these areas are the Farm and Ousley Ditches, Additional supply for this diversion is received from the South Yuba River by releases from Excelsior Ditch into Deer Creek approximately one-fourth mile upstream from the diversion point of China Ditch, China Ditch was constructed in i860 to replace that part of the South Yuba Ditch (now Excelsior Ditch) from Deer Creek to the Smartville area. On September l4, 1925* the Nevada Irrigation District purchased the ditch from the Excelsior Mining and Water Company, sucessor to Excelsior Mining Company, Excelsior V/ater Company, and Excelsior Canal Company. D-S Canal and Deer Creek Reservoir (Diversion 16N/9E-10B1) , Deer Creek Reservoir, with a capacity of 1,400 acre-feet, and D-S Canal, which diverts directly from the reser- voir, were constructed by Nevada Irrigation District in 1928 to further expand its distribution system in the Nevada Division. The canal, with its various distribution laterals, supplies water for irrigation, domestic, and stockwatering uses in the D-15 Deer Creek and Wolf Creek Subiinits, in addition to supplying the City of Grass Valley and a portion of Nevada City. The principal lateral from the D-3 Canal is Grass Valley Ditch, which supr>lies Allison Ranch Ditch and its laterals, Cory, James, and Lafayette Ditches. Portions of the water diverted through D-S Canal are released for supnlemental supply to other Nevada Irrigation District facilities. At the terminus of Grass Valley Ditch, vratei is released to Rou^ and Ready Ditch. At the ends of Cory, James, and Allison Ranch Ditches, water is released to French Ravine and V/olf Creek for rediversion by Tarr and French Ravine Ditches. The D-S Canal terminates at and releases excess water into Little Greenhorn Creek, a tributary of Bear River, for use in the Placer Division. This water is normally rediverted from the Bear River through the Bear River Canal for use in Pacific Gas and "Electric Company's pov;er system, and returned to Nevada Irrigation District at several locations in the Placer Division. Excelsior Ditch (Diversion 17r?/^S-27Hl) . Excelsior Ditch diverts from the South Yuba River through approximately 19 miles of earth ditch and wood flume, including its principal extension. Keystone Ditch, for irrigation, stockv/atering, and domestic uses in the French Corral, French Dry Creek, and Deer Creek Subunits. Construction of Excelsior Ditch commenced in 1^56, and v;ater was first delivered to the Smartville area in the fall of 1^59. At this time the canal was knov.'n as the South Yuba Ditch, and the water diverted was used entirely for mining purposes. D-16 Shortly after the ditch was constructed it was decided to abandon that portion of the ditch from its crossing of Deer Creek to its terminus and to carry the water to the mines by a different route. China Ditch was constructed for this purpose in i860. Excelsior Ditch was constructed by the Excelsior Canal Company, which was succeeded in order by the Excelsior Water Company, the Excelsior Mining Company, and the Excelsior Water and Mining Company. On September l4, 1925, the ditch was purchased by Nevada Irrigation District from the Excelsior Water and Mining Company. A portion of the amount diverted by Excelsior Ditch is spilled to Deer Creek for rediversion through China Ditch. Newtown Ditch (Diversion 16n/8E"12K1) . Newtown Ditch, with its principal laterals. Pleasant Valley and Williams Ditches, diverts from Deer Creek through 19 miles of earth ditch and wood flume to supply water for irrigation, stockwatering, and domestic uses in the Deer Creek and French Corral Subunits. Excess water in Pleasant Valley Ditch is spilled into the Excelsior Ditch in the vicinity of Pleasant Valley, Newtown Ditch was constructed in I88I and purchased by Nevada Irrigation District on September 14, I925, from the Excelsior V/ater and Mining Company. Rough and Ready Ditch (Diversion 16N/9E-7H1 ) , Rough and Ready Ditch diverts water from Deer Creek through approxi- mately 13 miles of earth ditch for irrigation, domestic, and stockwatering uses in the Deer Creek Subunit. This ditch was constructed in I850 for mining purposes in the area of Rough and Ready, but by the turn of the century all water diverted D-17 was for agricultural use. On September l4, 1924, Nevada Irrigation District purchased Rough and Ready Ditch from Excelsior v;ater and Mining Company. In addition to water diverted from Deer Creek by this ditch, water is received from D-S Canal through the Grass Valley Ditch, It is also possible for the Rough and Ready Ditch to spill water to supplement the Tunnel Ditch, Scotts Flat Dam (Diversion 16n/9E-2R1 ). Scotts Plat Dam and Reservoir, with a capacity of 27*400 acre-feet, was constructed in 194? by Nevada Irrigation District to store and regulate the flow of Deer Creek, including the discharge faxim Deer Creek Powerhouse. The water is released downstream for redi vers ion by the Tunnel, Newtown, China, and Rough and Ready Ditches and the D-S Canal. Snow Mountain Ditch (Diversions 17N/10E-32M1 and 17N/1QE-32E1) , Snow Mountain Ditch was purchased from Pacific Gas and Electric Company, whose predecessor was the South Yuba V/ater Company, on November 23, 1926. The ditch was constructed prior to 1901, The ditch diverts from Deer Creek and receives supplemental supply through diversion 17N/10E-32E1 from the North Fork of Deer Creek at the crossing of the ditch over the creek. From this point the water flows along the north bsuik of Deer Creek through 15 miles of earth ditch and wood flume to its area of use north and northwest of Nevada City, in the French Corral and Deer Creek Subunits. Principal laterals distributing the water to the areas of use are the Cement Hill and Red Hill Ditches. In addition to irrigation, domestic, D-18 and stockwatering \xses, a portion of the Nevada City water supply is provided by the ditch. Stone Ditch (Diversion 16N/SE-25C1) . Stone Ditch diverts from Wolf Creek approximately a mile east of Grass Valley to irrigate a small parcel of land to the north of Wolf Creek and to suTJ^-ly Pacific Gas and Electric Company's gas plant in Grass Valley. This water is diverted under a 15-miner's inch appropriative water right established prior to 1914 and claimed by Pacific Gas and Electric Company. Since very little water flows this high on Wolf Creek during the irrigation season, water is released from the D-S Canal to augment the flow of Wolf Creek. Tarr and French Ravine Ditches (Diversions ISN/^E-lORl and 15N/gE-QKl ). Tarr Ditch (Diversion 15N/SE-10R1) diverts from Uolf Creek through 35 miles of pipe, flume, and earth ditch. A large portion of this mileage is that of B Canal, a lateral the branches of which are Cole, Redinger, Viet Cameron, Wolf, Spoor, and Smith-Gordon Ditches and Clear Creek Lateral. The Smith-Gordon Ditch inturn has Bald Hill and Pet Hill Ditches as branches. French Ravine Ditch (Diversion 15N/SE-9K1) diverts from French Ravine into the Tarr Ditch approximately one and one-half miles from the diversion point of Tarr Ditch. Supple- mental vrater for these diversions is provided by spills from the D-S Canal into French Ravine and ' olf Creek upstream from the diversion points. Tarr Ditch diverts for irrigation, domestic, and stock- watering uses in the Wolf Creek, Dry Creek, Camp Far V/est, and Deer Creek Subtmits. The ditch was constructed in IS5S by the D-19 Nevada Reservoir Ditch Company to divert water from Wolf Creek to the mines near Smart ville. At a later date the ownership was changed to Mew Blue Point Mining Company, which sblci the ditch to Nevada Irrigation District on June 12, 1926. At the time of the purchase of this ditch, it was the principal irri- gation source for the area southwest of Grass Valley. Iv'ater right litigation concerning; this ditch and other diversions from '.olf Creek took place in 1932, and the judgment established that only imported water and that natural runoff above the amounts to which certain downstream users are entitled could be diverted by Nevada Irrigation District. A further explanation of the proceeding is provided in Appendix C. Tunnel Ditch (Diversion 16n/8E-1BM1 ) . Tunnel Ditch diverts from Deer Creek aoproximately one mile northeast of the community of Rough and Ready. The length of the ditch is 12 miles, which includes its two main laterals, Riffle Box and Rex Ditches. These ditches distribute water in the area west and southeast of Rough and Ready for irrigation, stockwatering, and domestic uses in Deer Creek Subunit. Tunnel Ditch v;as constructed in 1S52 for mining purposes in the vicinity of Rough and Ready. Shortly after the formation of Nevada Irrigation District, the ditch was purchased from the Excelsior l^ater and Mning Company. Addition- al supply is received for this diversion from irrigation tail v^ater and spill from Rough and Ready Ditch. D-20 Placer Division ■Hie Placer Division of Nevada Irrigation District encompasses all of the district in Placer Coiinty. In 1957 approximately 14,300 acres were irrigated in the division by the district in addition to supplementing individual irrigation diversions by releasing to natural streams. Domestic and industrial water service was also supplied within the division* The primary diversion facilities in this division are Van Qiesen Dam, Gold Hill Canal, and Auburn Ravine Canal. The water supply developed by these facilities is augmented by water from the Mountain Division delivered through the Pacific Gas and Electric Company's power system. Deliveries by Pacific Gas and Electric Company are made at six locations. These deliveries are from VJise Canal thrx)ugh the Rock Creek North Ditch, from Fiddler Green Canal through the Ophir Pipe and Edgewood Pump, from two spills from South Canal to Auburn Ravine, and from releases down the Bear River from the head of the Bear River Canal. This water is in exchange for water delivered to Pacific Gas and Electric Company through the Bowman-Spaulding Conduit at Spaulding Powerhouse No. 3. v;ater rights of the division fall into two categories. The first are based on appropriation applications filed with the State on all of the projects constructed by the district since its organization. The second are claims of appropriation by the predecessor companies from whom the district purchased water systems. The principal system in the latter category is the Gold Hill Canal system. This facility was purchased from D-21 Pacific Gas and Electric Company, and includes basically the Gold Hill, Auburn Ravine, and Camp Far V/est Canals and their various laterals and extensions. Claimed rights for these systems are for 22 cubic feet per second from the Bear River at the Gold Hill diversion; 10 cubic feet per second from Auburn Ravine at the Auburn Ravine Canal; and for all of the water available from various streams at minor diversion points located within the area of the Gold Hill system. ^ Following is a description of each diversion in the Placer Division: Van Giesen Dam and Lake Combie (Diversion 13N/gE-2El )» Van Giesen Dam, which forms Lake Combie with a storage capacity of 9»600 acre-feet, was constructed by Nevada Irrigation District in 19,23 to store and regulate flow of the Bear River. In addi- tion to these functions, the reservoir re-regulates water from Pacific Gas and Electric Company released to the Bear River at ■ the head of the Bear River Canal. I/ater stored in the reservoir is used to supply Magnolia No. 3 Ditch and Gold Hill Canal. ^{ Magnolia No. 3 Ditch (Diversion 13N/3E-2E2 ). Magnolia No. 3 Ditch v;as constructed by Nevada Irrigation District in 1934 to divert water from Lake Combie to the north of the Bear River for irrigation, stockwatering, and domestic uses in the Wolf Creek and Combie Subunits. Diversion is accomplished by means of either a hydraulic ram or an electric pvmip, each located at the dam, to raise the water to the ditch. The earth ditch, with its T5rinciT3al lateral, Hoefer Ditch, extends for 9 miles to the north of Lake Combie. l^ater that is spilled from the hydraulic ram returns to the Bear River and is rediverted by the Gold Hill Canal downstream. D-22 I «l y Gold Hill Canal (Diversion 13N/8E-3H1) . Gold Hill Canal tretnsmits water diverted from Bear River below Van Giesen Dam to the area north and west of Auburn. It has a length of 96.5 miles, made up of earth ditch, pipe, and wood flume, ahis length includes its principal laterals, the Combie-Qphir Canal, Lone Star Canal, Magnolia No, 1 Ditch, Gold Blossom Csuial, Valley View Canal, and Dudley Canal. Gold Hill Canal was constructed by the South Yuba Water Company prior to 19OI for raining purposes in the Gold Hill area; but as mining uses decreased, farmers in the area purchased the water for their crops. The canal was purchased in 1933 from Pacific Gas and Electric Company, successor of the South Yuba Water Company. V/ater diverted through the Gold Hill Canal is for irrigation, domestic, eind stockwatering uses in the V/olf Creek, Combie, Coon Creek, Auburn Ravine, and Camp Far West Subunits. Ihe major portion of its use is in the Placer Division, although a portion of the water which is transmitted through Magnolia No. 1 Ditch is used in the Nevada Division north of the Bear River in Nevada County. A portion of the water released to the Valley View Canal is combined with water from the Camp Par West Canal delivered through the Whisky Diggins Canal for use in Coon Creek Subunit. Auburn Ravine Canal (Diversion 12N/7E-14A1) . Auburn Ravine Canal diverts from Auburn Ravine, at a point to the west of Auburn, to supplement the Gold Hill Canal. Prom the junction of this canal and Gold Hill Canal, water is distributed by the D-23 Lincoln and Doty Ravine North Ditches, Gladding-Comstock Ditch, and the lower portion of the Gtold Hill Canal, Additional supply- is received from the Coon Creek Pump diverting to the Gladding- Comstock Ditch. Ihese ditches supply water for irrigation, stockwatering, and domestic uses. A large portion of the amount diverted from Auburn Ravine is supplied by two deliveries from Pacific Gas and Elec* trie Company's South Canal by spill to Auburn Ravine. Doty's South Ditch (Diversion 13N/6E-36G1) . Doty's South Ditch diverts from Doty Ravine at a point to the northeast of Lincoln, and serves irrigated areas north and northwest of Lincoln in conjunction with water from the Gtold Hill Canal. An interchange ditch, located approximately one mile downstream f3TOm the diversion point, allows water to be diverted from Doty's South Ditch into the CJold Hill Canal or vice versa. Water diverted from Doty Ravine by this diversion is primarily return water from irrigation upstream. Camp Far West Canal (Diversion 13N/7E-13NI) . Camp Far V/est Canal diverts from Coon Creek at a point northwest of Auburn for Irrigation, stockwatering, and domestic uses in the Coon Creek ajtid Camp Far West Subunits. Approximately 0.5 mile downstream from the head of the ditch, the Whisky Diggins Canal splits off and supplements the Valley View Canal lateral of the Gold Hill Canal. The Camp Far West Canal was originally constructed for mining purposes, but in 1933, when Nevada Irrigation District purchased the canal from Pacific Gas and Electric Company, it was used entirely for irrigation. D-24 y Due to the relatively low flow of Coon Creek in the summer months, additional supply is delivered to this diversion via Orr Creek and Rock Creek. Deliveries are made through Gold Hill Canal at the Orr Creek Dam, a part of the Gtold Hill Canal facilities, and through Rock Creek North Ditch from the Pacific Gas and Electric Company's Wise Canal. Coon Creek Pump (Diversion 13N/6E-22A1) . Coon Creek Pump diverts from Coon Creek into the Gladding-Comstock Ditch, which is an extension of the Auburn Ravine and Gold Hill Canals, The flow of water in Coon Creek at the point of diversion is sustained primarily by return water from irrigation upstreeim. Pacific Gas and Electric Company The Pacific Gas and Electric Company was incorporated on October 10, 1905. In the Yuba-Bear Rivers Hydrographic Unit area the company succeeded the California Gas and Electric Corporation, The corporation had purchased the Bay Counties Power Company on December 6, 1901 and the South Yuba Water Company on January 4, 1905. These companies were actively associated with most of the development of the present Pacific Gas and Electric Company water and power systems in the Yuba-Bear Rivers HydiX)graphic Unit. The South Yuba Water Company had its beginning about 1850 in three small companies. These were the Rock Creek Water Company, Coyote and Deer Creek Water Company, and South Yuba Snow Mountain Ditch Company. In 185^ these companies consoli- dated xinder the name of Rock Creek, Deer Creek, and South Yuba Canal Company. The name was changed, along with subsequent incorporations of other small water companies, to the South Yuba Canal Company in I87O; to South Yuba Water and Mining Company in 1877; and finally to South Yuba Water Company in I890. D-25 During this period, and up to the time of its purchase by California Gas and Electric Corporation, the construction by the company and its predecessors included South Yuba Canal, Boardman Canal, the original Spaulding Dam, and most of the presently reported diversions from the South Yuba and Bear Jtlvers and their tributaries. In I89O the Bear River Canal was purchased from the Bear River and Auburn V/ater and Mining Company by the South Yuba Water Company. About I895 the company '> had an excess of usable water due to the decline of the hydraulic mining industry, and three powerplants were constructed by a subsidiary, the Central California Electric Company, to provide a use for this excess water. Today only one of the three, Alta Powerhouse, remains in commission. The Bay Coimties Power Company had its beginning in June 1900, when it purchased the Yuba Powerhouse in Browns Valley, Colgate Powerhouse, Colgate Flum^ and Lake Frsincis Dam, from A. S. Morally. The Yuba Powertiouse was built by John Martin in 1897* and was successively sold to Yuba Power Company later in 1897, to Yuba Electric Power Company in February I899, and to A. S, Morally in May I900. The powerplant was in operation until 1911. The Colgate Powerhouse, the 7.6-mlle Colgate Flume which was located just above and parallel to the old Browns Valley Irrigation District flume, and Lake Francis Dam were constructed by the Yuba Electric Power Company during the period February I899 to May I900. During the first seven years following the organization of Pacific Gas and Electric Company, the only water development D-26 y for power was the construction of Deer Creek Powertiouse on Deer Creek at the terminus of the South Yuba Canal, Xrt 1912, however, construction was started on the New Spauldlng Dam and Drum Canal. Subsequently, Halsey and Wise Powerhouses were constructed on the Bear River and Wise Canals, respectively. Two other power- plants, BullardsBar and Narrows, were constructed in 1924 and 19^2, respectively, at dams already constructed for debris control, and in 19^3 Dutch Flat Tunnel and Dutch Flat Powerhouse were placed In operation. Subsequent to the powerplant con- struction at Bullards Bar, the dam was purchased by the company. The Narrows Powertiouse utilizes the pressure head developed at Englebright Dam, which is owned by the California Debris Commission, Many of the ditches acquired by Pacific Gas and Electric Company through the South Yuba Water Company were serving areas within the boundaries of Nevada Irrigation District at the time of its formation. The district's need for distribution facilities resulted in the sale to the district of all the company's irriga- tion ditches in Nevada County, and the Gold Hill and Ophir Ditch systems in Placer County, Ihe sales of the facilities in Nevada County and Placer County were in 1926 and 1933* respectively. The Ophir system has been modified, and now comprises essentially the facilities associated with the Combie-Ophir Canal, a branch of the Gold Hill Canal. In 1924, shortly after the formation of Nevada Irrigation District, a contract between the district and the company was negotiated wherein water developed by the district would be routed through the company's power system and subsequently returned to the district. This contract was D-27 subsequently modified to meet new requirements of the district. This transfer of water is accomplished by diverting water developed by the district in the North and Middle Yuba Rivers watershed to Spauldlng Powerhouse No. 3, which releases to Lake Spaulding, Prom Lake Spaulding the water is released for additional power generation by routing through either Spaulding Powerhouse No, 1, Dr-om^ Dutch Plat, Halsey and Wise Powerhouses; or through Spaulding Powerhouse No. 2 to Deer Creek Powerhouse. Water which is diverted through Spaulding Powerhouse No, 1 is returned to the district at six locations for use in Placer County, and that diverted through Spaulding Powerhouse No. 2 is returned at the Deer Creek Powerhouse tailrace for use in Nevada County. Pacific Gas and Electric Company diverts water under appixipriations made by the company and its predecessors before and after the enactment of the Water Commission Act. The company's applications for appropriation made in accordance with the act are included in Table C-1. For purposes of describing the company's facilities in the Yuba-Bear Rivers Hydro graphic Tftiit, diversions are divided into three categories. These are the North Yuba River Power Syctem, the South Yuba atnd Bear Rivers Power System, and tne Placer liater System. The North Yuba River Power System is in the company''' s Colgate Division, and the South Yuba and Bear Rivers - Power System and the Placer V/ater System are in the Drum Division. The main features of these systems are depicted in detail on sheets 1 through 23 of Plate 2. In addition, the South Yuba and Bear Rivers Power and the Placer Water Systems aire summarized on Plate 5, D-28 y North Yuba River Power System The North Yuba River Power System includes Pacific Qas and Electric Company's diversions on the North Yuba River and its Narrows Powerhouse on the Yuba River. Diversion facilities located within this system divert water solely for the production of hydroelectric power. Following are discussions of the diversion facilities within this system: Bullards Bar Dam and Reservoir (Diversion 18N/7E-24D1 ) . Bullards Bar Reservoir, with a capacity of 31,490 acre-feet, was constructed oh the North Yuba River in 1923-24 as a debris control stioicture to provide the required settling basin for upstream hydraulic mining. Construction of the dam was vmdertaken by a group of miners, headed by H. P, Whitney, to replace a smaller inadequate dam that was constructed in 1921. To teike advantage of the storage facilities and hydraulic head provided by the new dam. Pacific Qas and Electric Company constructed the Bullards Bar Powerhouse at the foot of the dam, and diverted water through the poweriiouse under a lease agreement with its owners. Later the company purchased the dam and reservoir, Ihe present installed generating capacity of the powerplant is 6,500 kilowatts. The water released from the reservoir through the powerplant is redlverted through Colgate Tunnel downstream. Colgate Tunnel and Powerhouse (Diversion 18N/7E~25P1 ) « Colgate Tunnel and the diversion dam at the head of the tunnel were constructed by Pacific Gas and Electric Company In 1941 to D-29 replace North Yuba Dam and Colgate Flume which supplied Colgate Powerhouse. A portion of the water diverted through the tunnel Is used to supply Browns Valley Ditch under an agreement with Browns Valley Irrigation District. This is accomplished by releasing water to the ditch near the head of the penstock to the powerplant. This agreement and the history of these facilities are further discussed in the description of the facilities of Browns Valley Irrigation District. In 1946 the original Colgate Powerhouse was damaged by fire, and was replaced in 19^9 by a new plant. The present generating capacity of the plant is 24,000 kilowatts. Water for this diversion is regulated by storage in Bullards Bar Reservoir upstream. Lake Francis (Diversion 17N/7E-5J1) . Lake Francis was constructed in 1901 by the Yuba Electric Power Company to provide a supplemental water supply for Colgate Powerhouse. At that time, water was diverted by means of a wood stave pipe from the lake to the head of the powerplant penstock, VJhen the Colgate Tunnel was constructed in 1941, the head of the penstock was elevated so that it was impossible to divert water through the pipe from the lake to the penstock. Therefore an agreement was made with Browns Valley Irrigation District to deliver Lake Francis water to the district in lieu of a similar amount of North Pork Yuba River water which was formerly delivered to the district through Colgate Flume. The lake water is delivered to the district by releasing it to Dobbins Creek, from which it is diverted into the Browns Valley Ditch. D-30 y Narrows Dam and Powerhouse (Diversion ISn/SE'-I^QI ) , Narrows Powerhouse was constructed by Pacific Gas and Electric Company in 19^2 to take advantage of the releases from the previously constructed Narrows Dam, which forms Englebright Reservoir. This dam was constructed by the California Debris Commission in 19^1. V/ater is taken from the reservoir through a tunnel constructed around the dam to the powerplant. The present installed generating capacity of the powerplant is 9,350 kilowatts. All water stored in Englebright Reservoir and diverted through the powerplant is taken under appropriative water rights filed with the State by Pacific Gas and Electric Company. South Yuba and Bear Rivers Power System The South Yuba and Bear Rivers Power System includes upstream water storage facilities on the South Yuba River and the facilities to deliver this water to the downstream hydro- electric powerplants. Water diverted through this system is also the primary supply of the Placer V/ater System. In addition to water that is stored and diverted by Pacific Gas and Electric Company, water that is developed by Nevada Irrigation District is routed through the system for the generation of power. Following are discussions of the diversion facilities within this system: Lake Spaulding and Spaulding Powerhouse N os. 1. 2. and 3 (Diversion 17N/12E-20H1) . The original Spaulding Dam on South Yuba River was constructed by the South Yuba Water Company in 1892-93 to supplement the water supply to the South Yuba Canal. D-31 I The present dam, located about one-half mile downstream from the original structure, was constructed to a height of 225 feet in 1912-13. In 1916 the dam was raised to 26O feet, and in 1919 to its present height of 275 feet. The reservoir created by Spaulding Dam is the main storage and regulatory facility in the South Yuba and Bear Rivers Power System. Water for the reservoir is supplied by runoff of the South Yuba River, releases from upstream storage facilities on the South Yuba River, and releases from Spaulding Powerhouse No. 3. Spaulding Powerhouse No. 3* with a generating capacity of 5*200 kilowatts, is supplied by the Nevada Irrigation District's Bowman-Spaulding Conduit, which transports water developed by the district in the Middle and North Yuba Rivers watersheds. Water is stored in Lake Spaulding and released as required through a short tunnel at the left abutment of the dam to either Spaulding Powerhouse No. 1 or No. 2. Water that enters Spaulding Powerhouse No. 1 flows into the Drum Canal at the powerplant tailrace, while that released through Spaulding Power+iouse No. 2 enters the South Yuba Canal. The installed generating capacities of these powerplants are 6,400 kilov^atts at Spaulding No. 1 and 3*370 kilowatts at Spaulding No. 2. Upstream Reservoirs Releasing to Lake Spaulding . Pacific Gas and Electric Company has a number of reservoirs located upstream from Lake Spaulding which are used to store 1 winter runoff for subsequent release during the summer. These are: Blue Lake, Puller Lake, Rucker Lake, Upper and Lower- Peeley Lcikes, Middle and Lower Lindsay Lakes, Lake Culbertson, Upper D-32 y Rock Lake, Lake Fordyce, T^eadovr Lake, Lake Sterling, White Rock Lake, Lake Van Morden, Kidd Lake, and Upper and Lower Peak Lakes. IVater from Blue Lake, Fuller Lake, Rucker Lake, Feeley Lakes, Lindsay Lakes, Lake Culbertson, and Upper Rock Lake is released to the Bowman-Spaulding Conduit and reaches Lake Spaulding through Spaulding Powerhouse No. 3« The remain- ing lakes are located on tributaries of the South Yuba River up- stream from Lake Spaulding, and water is released directly thereto. The aggregate capacity of these reserVoii*s is 6d,470 acre-feet, of which a total of 46,660 acre-feet is im- pounded in Lake Fordyce. Lake Fordyce Dam was constructed in Id73-Sl by the South Yuba Canal Company, and v/as enlarged in 1914 to a height of 140 feet by Pacific Gas and Electric Company. Lake Van Nor den Dam was constructed by the company in 1916. Dams at all other reservoirs were constructed by predecessors of the South Yuba Water Company. Prior to construction of Bowman-Spaulding Conduit by Nevada Irrigation District, water from reservoirs tributary thereto was delivered to Lake Spaulding through the Fall and Texas Creeks Ditch. This ditch was abandoned when the Bowman- Spaulding Conduit was constructed. South Yuba Canal and Deer Creek Po werhouse (Diversion 17N/12E-20J2 ). The South Yuba Canal was constructed in IS65 by the South Yuba Canal Company to provide additional water to the Bear River Canal, and to the mines in the Grass Valley and Nevada City areas. After the canal was acquired by Pacific Gas and Electric Company, the Deer Creek Powerhousa was constructed. D-33 The plant was commissioned in I908 as the first hydroelectric powerplant to be constructed by the new organization. The South Yuba Canal conveys water which is released from Lake Spaulding through Spaulding Powerhouse No. 2 to Deer Creek Powerhouse on Deer Creek. The water is discharged from the powerplant to Nevada Irrigation District. The present generating capacity of the powerplant is 5*500 kilowatts, A portion of the water diverted at the head of the canal is spilled to the Bear River for rediverslon to Boardman Canal or Dutch Plat Tunnel and Bear River Canal. The Boardman Canal normally receives this water. Drum Canal and Powerhouse (Diversion 17N/12E-20J1 ) . Drum Canal and Drum Powerhouse were constructed in 1912-13 when Spaulding Dam was built. The construction was part of Pacific Gas and Electric Company's expansion to meet new demands for power service. V/ater was first delivered to the powerplant on November 26, I913. Water conveyed by Drum Canal is released from Lake Spaulding through Spaulding Powerhouse No. 1. The canal has a length of 8.5 miles to the Drum Powerhouse, which is located on the Bear River and has a generating capacity of 48,000 kilowatts. Water discharged from Drum Poweriiouse to the Bear River is rediverted downstream, first to the Dutch Plat Tunnel and then to the Bear River Canal. Water may also be released from the powerplant forebay to Canyon Creek for rediversion to the Boardman Canal system. D-34 y Additional water supply from Drum Canal is received at a point near Emigrant Gap through the Lake Valley Canal, which conveys water from the North Fork of North Fork American River. Ihis is an Import to the Yuba-Bear Rivers Hydrographic Unit which is discussed in the section of this report entitled "imports and Exports." Dutch Fla t Tunnel and Powerhouse (Diversio n 16N /11E-17E1 ]L Dutch Flat Tunnel and Dutch Flat Powerhouse were constructed in 1942-43 and commissioned on March 29, 1943. The system was constructed to utilize the hydraulic head available between the Drum Powerhouse tailrace and the Bear River Canal diversion dam. The water diverted to the tunnel is supplied almost in its entirety by the releases from Drum Powerhouse. The present generating capacity of the powerplant is 22,000 kilowatts. Bear River. Wisej and South Canals; and Halsey and V/ise Powerhouses (Diversion 15N/9E-22Q1) . The Bear River Canal was constructed in I852 to convey water from the Bear River near Colfax to near Auburn. It was one of the first canals in Placer County, and water was diverted for mining uses north of Auburn. This system was expemded in the late l890*s, when the South Yuba Water Company constructed powerplants at Newcastle and Auburn. These powerplants were closed in 1912 and 1914, respectively. In 1916 ttie company constructed Halsey Powerhouse at the terminus of the present Bear River Canal, and in 1917 V/ise Canal smd Powerhouse were constructed to utilize the hydraulic head available between Halsey Powerhouse afterbay D-35 and Auburn Ravine. In 1919 South Canal was constructed to convey the water from Wise Powerhouse tailrace to the American River. The generating capacity of each of these powerhouses is 12,000 kilowatts. At present, the Bear River Canal conveys water to generate power in Halsey and Wise Powerhouses, to supply a portion of the Placer Water System, and to return a portion of the Nevada Irrigation District's mountain water supply. A large portion of the water conveyed in the cajial is South Yuba River water discharged from Drum Powerhouse. The principal releases to the Placer V/ater System are made from Bear River Canal to the Ragsdale Tunnel and Upper Bowman Canals; from VJise Canal to the Fiddler Green and Lower Bowman Canals; and from South Canal to the Dutch Ravine, Lower Greeley, and Boardman Canals. Deliveries to Nevada Irrigation District are made to Ophir Pipe and Edgewood Pump from the Fiddler Green Canal, to Rock Creek North Ditch from the V/ise Canal, and to Auburn Ravine at two spills from the South Canal. Water is also released down the Bear River at the Bear River Canal diversion dam for rediversion by the district. Alta Powerhouse . Alta Powerhouse is located on Towle Canal, a part of the Placer V/ater System. The powerplant was constructed by the South Yuba Water Company in 1902 to utilize the hydraulic head available in the water supply system. The present generating capacity of the powerplant is 2,000 kilowatts. D-36 y Placer V/ater System The Placer Water System provides water service to most of the area along Highway 40 between Roseville and Baxter, •Hie system served 13,466 acres of irrigated land and the urban areas listed in Chapter II of this report in the Yuba-Bear Rivers Hydrographic Unit in 1957. In addition, most of the water supplied to the American River watershed north of the North Pork American River was provided by this sytem. Bie Placer Water System comprises the Boardman Canal system and those portions of the Bear River Canal system which distribute Irrigation, domestic, municipal, and industrial water. IJie portion of the Boardman Canal system above Lake Alta and Alta Powerhouse is operated as part of Pacific Gas and Electric Company's power system, ■Hie Boardman Canal was constructed in 1893 by the South Yuba Water Company. At that time irrigation was beginning to replace the declining hydraulic mining industry as a major water use. At present^ the Boardman Canal system comprises several connected canals of varying capacities, and numerous distribution laterals. V/ater is first diverted from the Bear River at I7N/IIE-36DI, and taken through the Upper Boardman Canal to Canyon Creek in the American River watershed. The water passes down the creek for a short distance and is rediverted into Towle Canal (import diversion 16n/11E-21E1) which conveys it to Alta Powertiouse. From the powerplant to Lake Alta the canal is known as the Boardman Canal (lower). From Lake Alta D-37 to Monte Vista it is called the Cedar Creek Canal, and from Monte Vista to its terminus at the Rosevllle Regulator it is again known as the Boardman Canal. Exclusive of laterals, the canal system is 73.7 miles in length from the Bear River to the Roseville Regulator. The Boardman Canal system receives additional water at several points in its upper reaches. Canyon Creek runoff is diverted at Pulp Mill Canal (I6N/IOE-36QI) and also at the Towle Canal diversion point. Pitman Ravine runoff is diverted at I6N/IIE-9JI, and Little Bear River runoff may be diverted at the Alta Powerhouse afterbay (16N/IOE-25PI) . Water is also received from Drum Canal by releases from Drum Forebay to Ceinyon Creek for rediVersion into Towle Canal. The lower portion of the Boardmaji Canal system is recharged from the Bear River Canal system at several points. Most of the water deliveries from the Boardman Canal system are made in the Aubum-Rocklin area. The principal laterals are Shirland, Greeley, Red Ravine, and Caperton Canals.] Those portions of the Bear River Canal system which are a part of the Placer V/ater System are principally the Ragsdale Tunnel Canal, Bowman Upper Canal, Bowman Lower Canal, Fiddler Green Canal and its laterals Fiddler Green-Boardinan Diversion Canal and Lower Banvard Canal. Recharge to the Boardman Canal is effected at Ragsdale Tunnel Canal and Fiddler Green-Boardman Diversion Canal. In addition, releases are made from South Canal to Caperton Canal (Via Dutch Ravine Canal )> Boardman Canal, and Lower Greeley Canal. D-38 '^ '■ .v^ ■■ THIS ROOK IS DUE ON THE LAST DATE '; '^B'ow RECALL m 'J. FEB 2 3 1967 .ON 13 ^9^ ■ MAY 3 1 REC'O PHYS SCI U3RAS3r LIBRARY. UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, DAVIS Book Slip-50m-12,'64(F77284)458 I 354258 TC821; California, Dept. C2 of Water Resources. A2 Bulletin. no.9U:3 PHYSICAL v.l SCIENCES LIBRARY LIBRARY UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNI/i DAVIS i