THE P7 POLITICAL REGISTER AND CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY: Statistical Jkrorb of tlje JTeJieral (Dffidals, LEGISLATIVE, EXECUTIVE, AND JUDICIAL, UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, 1776-1878. COMPILED BY BEN: PERLEY POORE, " CLERK OF PRINTING RECORDS, UNITED-STATES SENATE. BOSTON : HOUGHTON, OSGOOD AND COMPANY. 1878. E/76 COPYRIGHT, 1878, BY BEN: PERLEY POORE. Stereotyped and Printed By Rand, Avery, <5r> Company, 7/7 Franklin Street, Boston. DEDICATED TO HENRY B. ANTHONY, EDITOR OF "THE PROVIDENCE JOURNAL," AND UNITED-STATES SENATOR FROM RHODE ISLAND, WITH Cfje (Kratitufce anti lEgteem OF THE COMPILER. PREFACE. THE public favor with which the official " Congressional Directory " has been received since it has been under the editorial charge of the subscriber prompted the preparation of this work, which contains similar authentic statistical information, with many other facts concerning the Legislative, Executive, and Judicial branches of the Federal Government of the United States, from its conception down to the present time. It is hoped that this mass of political statistics, obtained from official sources, will not only be of interest to politicians, but generally serviceable to all other citizens who may seek clear and accurate information concerning the Legislative, Executive, and Judicial officials since the formation of our govern ment. A brief outline of what the work contains may facilitate its use. TJie First Part is a series of registers of the different sessions of the Continental Con gress, and of the forty-five successive Congresses since the adoption of the Federal Constitu tion. The register of each Congress contains a complete list of the Senators, Representatives, and Delegates who served in it, with their home residences, and with the date of commence ment and termination of their respective terms when they did not serve throughout the Congress. This information has never been given heretofore, as the lists of members pub lished in the journals and elsewhere contain only the names of those serving at the date of their publication. It will enable any one interested in the congressional career of any mem ber to see at a glance who were his associates in either House during any session in which he served, and it will also show who were in Congress when any law was placed on the statute- book. The Second Part is a record of the successive Administrations, with the prominent Executive officials, from the organization of the Federal Government. It also contains a carefully-prepared schedule of the duties of these officials, which can but be useful to all desiring a knowledge of the practical operation of the Executive Departments and of their respective Bureaus. The Third Part is devoted to the Supreme Court of the United States, with its attendant Marshals, Clerks, and Reporters, with the Judges of the Circuit and District Courts, and of the Court of Claims. The Fourth Part contains Statistical Sketches of the Delegates to the Continental Con gress, and of the Senators, Representatives, and Delegates who have been elected or appointed to the Forty-five successive Congresses under the Federal Constitution. While the Republic has preserved with commendable pride the histories of her martial defenders, it is well that the memories and services of her legislators should also be honored and cherished. Posterity should have accurate information concerning those who, "in Congress assembled," have enacted the laws under which the United States have advanced from feeble infancy into the vigor of maturity, and have successfully combated attacks from foreign and domestic foes. vi PREFACE. The information given has been condensed into the smallest space consistent with placing it on record in so methodical and clear a manner that all can understand and use it. Whenever it has been possible to obtain the desired information concerning a Congressman, there has been given his name, his relationship to other legislators, the place and time of his birth, his education, his occupation, the public offices which he has held (with the dates of holding them) , his politics when elected or appointed to Congress, the name and politics of his oppo nent, and the vote received by each. Great care has been taken to perfect the political feature of these Statistical Sketches, which has been studiously ignored by the compilers of other biographical dictionaries ; but comments and criticisms have been dispensed with, as likely to encumber and vitiate a work designed to present for reference an authentic record of the public services and the politics of those who have sat in our Federal Councils. Six years labor has failed to produce a perfect work, and to obtain much desired infor mation concerning some Congressmen, while there has been a superfluity of facts about others not easily compressed within the limited available space ; but the compiler trusts that he shall not be charged with negligence in collecting material, nor with carelessness in arranging it. The fact that works regarded as authorities often differ in the spelling of names, the dates of birth, and other facts concerning many Congressmen, while not a word of information can be found anywhere concerning others, is .a proof of the necessity for such a publication as this. The names of Congressmen have been spelled in the First Part as they appear on the Journals of the two Houses, although the orthography is not always the same in different sessions. There are authenticated accounts of Congressmen who would not correct the mis spelling of their names in the printed Public Documents ; and there was one Representative who heard the tally-clerk give him an initial which had never belonged to him, on every roll- call during a long session, without attempting to contradict the mistake. In the Statistical Sketches it is believed that the names have been correctl}* spelled. The arrangement of the entire work being chronological and alphabetical, no index is necessarj". The compiler is under great obligations to many gentlemen for the kindness with which they have responded to requests for information concerning themselves ; while others occupy ing official positions have taken a degree of trouble in aiding researches, for which heartfelt thanks make an inadequate return. BEN: PERLEY POORE. INDIAN HILL FARM, near NEWBURYPOBT, Sept. 1, 1878. , THE CONTINENTAL CONGRESS. THE CONGEESSES OF THE UNITED STATES, L XLV. THE CONTINENTAL CONGRESS. PLACE AND TIME OF SESSIONS. Philadelphia, Perm.. from Sept. 5, 1774, to Oct. 20,1774 Philadelphia, Perm, .from May 10, 1775, to Doc. 12, 177(> Baltimore, Md from Dec. 20, 177G, to March 4, 1777 Princeton, 1ST. J from . Inn A 30 17S 1 ? +/-. WV.TT A ITQ<J Annapolis, Md. . Trenton N J . .from Nov. 26, 1783, to June \ 1784 from "N"rv 1 17&d. +T\ Ti*-/- oj "i^^/i Philadelphia, Penn. .from Mar. 4, 1777, to Sept. 18, 1777 Lancaster, Penn. . . .from Sept. 27, 1777, to Sept. 27, 1777 York, Penn from Sept 30 1777 to June 9 7 1778 New York City . . New York City . . New York City . . New York City . . J-*WJ-** -Li U V , i, J i crj LU J-/(3C. T:. J. t oi . .from Jan. 11, 1785, to Nov. 4, 1785 . .from Nov. 7, 1785, to Nov. 3, 1786 . .from Nov. 6, I78(i, to Oct. 30, 1787 . .from Nov. 5, 1787, to Oct. 21, 1788 Philadelpliia, Penn. .from July 2, 1778 , to June 2lj 1783 PRESIDENTS OF THE CONGRESS. Peyton Randolph of Virginia . . . Henry Middleton of S. Carolina. Peyton Randolph 1 of Virginia . . John Hancock of Massachusetts Henry Laureus of S. Carolina. . . John Jay of New York elected Dec. 10, Samuel Huntington of Conn elected Sept. 28, Thomas McKeaii of Delaware elected July 10, .elected Sept. 5, 1774 . elected Oct. 22, 1774 1775 1775 .elected Nov. 1, 1777 1778 1779 1781 .elected May 10, .elected May 24, John Hanson of Maryland elected Nov. Elias Boudinot of New Jersey elected Nov. Thomas Mifflin of Pennsylvania, .elected Nov. Richard Henry Lee of Virginia elected Nov. John Hancock 2 of Mass elected Nov. Nathaniel Gorham of Mass elected June Arthur St. Clair of Pennsylvania. elected Feb. Cyrus Griffin of Virginia elected Jan. 5, 1781 4, J782 3, 1783 30, 1784 23, 1785 6, 1786 2,1787 22, 1788 1 Died Oct. 22, 1775. 2 Resigned May 29, 1786, never having served, owing to continued illness. CLERK OF THE CONGRESS. Charles Thomson of Pennsylvania elected Sept. 5, 1774. DELEGATES TO THE CONGRESS. Andrew Adams 1777- 80 Andrew Adams 1781- 82 Joseph P. Cook 1784- 88 Silas Deane 1774-70 Eliphalet Dyer 1774-79 Eliphalet Dyer 1780- 83 Pierpont Edwards 1787- 88 Oliver Ellsworth 1777- 84 William Hillhouse 1783- 80 Titus Hosmer 1775- 70 Titus Hosmer 1777- 79 Benjamin Huntington 1780- 84 CONNECTICUT. Benjamin Huntington 1787- 88 Samuel Huntington 1770- 84 William S. Johnson 1784 87 Richard Law 1778-78 Richard Law 1781- 84 Stephen M. Mitchell 1783- 84 Stephen M. Mitchell 1785- 8G Stephen M. Mitchell 1787-88 Jesse Root 1778-^83 Roger Sherman 1774- 84 Joseph Spencer 1778-79 Jedediah Strong 1782- 84 Jonathan Sturges 1774- 87 John Treadwefl 1785- 86 Joseph Trnmbull 1774-75 James Wadswortli 1783- 84 James Wadsworth 1785- 8(5 Jeremiah Wadsworth 1787- 88 William Williams 177(5-78 William Williams 1783- 84 Oliver Wolcott 1775-78 Oliver Wolcott 1780- 84 Gunning Bedford 1783- 85 Gunning Bedford, jun 1785- 80 John Dickinson 177G-77 John Dickinson 1779- 80 Philemon Dickinson 1782- 83 John Evans 1776-77 Dyre Kearney 178(i- 88 Eleazer McComb 1782- 84 DELAWARE. Nathaniel Mitchell 1780- 88 Thomas McKean 17747(5 Thomas McKean 1778- 83 John Patton 1785- 8(5 William Peevy 1785- 8(5 George Read 1774-77 Crcsar Rodney 1774-7<! Caesar Rodney 1777-78 Cresar Rodney 1782- 84 Thomas Rodney 1781 - 83 Thomas Rodney 178f>- 87 James Sykes 1777-78 James Tilton 1783- 85 Nicholas Van Dyke l777- 82 John Vining 174- 8G Samuel Wharton 1782- 83 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Abraham Baldwin 1785- 88 Nathan Brownson 1770-78 Archibald Bullock 1775-70 Joseph Clay 1778- 80 William Few 1780- 82 William Feiv ,1785r 8 William Gibbons .v \ .M78VSC Button Gwinnett 177*5-77"; Robert Alexander 1775-77 William Carmichael 1778- 80 Charles Carroll 1770-78 Daniel Carroll 1780- 84 Jeremiah T. Chase 178.V84 Samuel Chase 1774-78 Samuel Chase 1784- 85 Benjamin Contee 1787- 88 James Forbes 1 1778- 80 Uriah Forrest 178(5- 87 Robert Goldsborough 1774-75 John Hall 1775-70 John Hall 1783- 84 John Hanson 1780- 83 GEORGIA. John Habersham 1785- 86 Lyman Hall 177,5-79 John Houston 177,5-77 William Houston 1784- 87 Richard Howley 178()- 81 Noble Wimberly Jones 1775-70 Noble Wimberly Jones 1781- 8. 5 Edward Laugworthy 1777-79 MARYLAND. William Harrison 1785- 87 William Ilcrnslay 1782-84 John Henry 1778- 81 John Henry 1784- 87 William Hindmau 1784- 87 John E. Howard 1787- 88 D. Jenifer of St. Thomas. .. .1778- 82 Thomas Johnson 1774-77 Thomas Sim Lee 1783- 84 Edward Lloyd 1783- 84 Luther Martin 1784- 85 James McHenry 1783- 80 William Paca 1774-79 George Plater 1778- 81 i Died March 25, 1780. William Pierce . . 1780- ?7 Edward Telfair 1777-"i9 Edward Telfair J178()- SJ George Walton 177(5-7) George Walton 1780-81 Joseph Wood 1777-7* John J. Zubly 1775-7 C Richard Potts 1781- 82 Nathaniel Ramsay 1785- 87 Richard Ridgely 1785- 80 John Rogers. , 1775-70 David Ross 1780- 87 Benjamin Rumsey 177(5-78 Gustavus Scott 1784- 85 Joshua Sency 1787- 88 William Smith 1777-78 Thomas Stone 1775-79 Thomas Stone 1784- 85 Matthew Tilghman 1774-77 Turbett Wright 1781-82 John Adams 1774-78 Samuel Adams 1774- 82 Thomas Cushing 1774-70 Francis Dana 1770-78 Francis Dana 1784- 84 Nathan Dane 1 785- 88 Elbridge Gerry 1770- 81 Elbridge Gerry 1782- 85 Nathaniel Gorham 1782- 83 Nathaniel Gorham 1785- 87 MASSACHUSETTS. John Hancock 1775- 80 John Hancock 1785- 80 Stephen Higginson 1782- 83 Samuel Holton 1778- 80 Samuel Holton 1782- 83 Samuel Holton 1784- 85 Samuel Holton 178G- 87 Jonathan Jackson 1782- 82 Rufus King 1784- 87 James Lovell 1770- 82 John Lowell 1782- 83 Samuel Osgood 1780- 84 Samuel A. Otis 1787- 88 Robert Treat Paine 1774-78 George Partridge 177!)- 82 George Partridge 178.V85 Theodore Sedgwick 1785- 88 James Sullivan 1782- 82 George Thacher 1787- 87 Artemas Ward 1780- 81 Josiah Bartlett 1775-7!) Jonathan Blanchard 1783- 84 Nathaniel Folsom 1774-75 Nathaniel Folsom 1777-78 Nathaniel Folsom 177!)- 80 Abiel Foster 1783- 85 George Frost 1777-79 John Taylor Gilman. 1782- 83 NEW HAMPSHIRE. Nicholas Gilman 1780- 88 | John Sullivan 1774-75 John Langdon 1775-77 John Langdon 1786- 87 Woodbury Langdon 177!)- 80 SaTtiuel Livermore .1780- 83 Samuel Livermore 1785- 80 Pierce Long 1784- 8(5 ^Tathaniel Peabody 1779- 80 John Sullivan 1780- 81 Matthew Thornton 177(5-78 John Wentworth, jun 1778-79 William Whipple 1770-79 Pliillips White 1782-83 Paine Wingate 1787-88 John Beatty 178.V85 Elias Boudinot 1777-78 Elias Boudinot 1781- 84 William Burnett 1780- 81 Lambert Cadwallader 1784- S7 Abraham Clark 1770- 82 Abraham Clark 1787- 88 Silas Condict 1781- 84 John Cooper 1770-70 Stephen Crane 1774-7(5 Elias Dayton 1787-88 Samuel Dick 1783- 84 NEW JERSEY. Jonathan Elmer 1770-78 Jonathan Elmer 1781- 84 Jonathan Elmer 1787- 88 John Fell 1778- 80 Frederick Frelinghuyscn. . .1778-7!) Frederick Frclinglmysen. . .1782- 83 Thomas Henderson 1779- 80 John Hart 1774-7(5 Francis Hopkinson 177(5-77 Josiah Ilornblower 1785- 8(5 William C. Houston 177!)- 82 William C. Houston 1784- 85 James Kinsey 1774-75 William Livingston 1774-70 John Neilson 1778-79 James Scheurman 178(>- 87 Nathaniel Scudder 1777-79 Jonathan D. Sergeant 1770-77 Richard Smith 1774-76 John Stevens 1784- 84 Archibald Stewart 1784- 85 Richard Stockton 1770-77 JolinC. Symmes 1785- 86 John Witiierspoon 1770- 83 John Alsop 1774-70 Egbert Benson 1784- 85 Egbert Benson.! 1780- 88 Simon Boerum 1774-77 George Clinton 1775-77 ( Iharles DeWitt ] 78:^- .<i5 .James Duane 1774- 84 William Ducr 1777-78 William Floyd 1774-77 William Floyd 1778- 83 Leonard Gansevoort 1787 - 88 Alexander Hamilton 1782- 83 Alexander Hamilton 1787- 88 John Hiiring . 1774-75 NEW YORK. John Haring 1785- 88 John Jay 1774-77 John Jay 1778-7!) John Lansing 1784- 88 John Lawrence 1785- 87 Francis Lewis 1774-7!) Philip Livingston 1774-78 Robert R. Livingston 1775-77 Robert R. Livingston 1779- 81 Walter Livingston 1784- 85 Isaac Low 1774-75 E/.ra L Hommedieu 177!)- 83 Ezra L lloiumedieu 1787- 88 Gouverneur Morris 1777- 80 Lewis Morris 1775-77 Alexander McDougall 1781- 82 Alexander McUougall 1784- 85 Ephraim Paine 1784- 85 Xephaniah Platt 1784- 86 Philip Sclmyler 1775-77 Philip Schuy ler 1778- 81 John Moria Scott 1780- 83 Melancthon Smith 1785- 88 Henry Wisner 1774-76 Abraham Yates, jun 1787- 88 Peter W. Yates 1785- 87 THE CONTINENTAL CONGRESS. pirn B. Ashe 1787-88 Jimothy Bloodworth 178<>- 87 Villiam Blount 1782- 83 "William Blount 178(5- 87 Thomas Burke 1777- 81 Robert Burton 1787- 88 Richard Caswell 1774-7(5 SVilliam Cumming 1784- 84 Cornelius Harnett 1777- 80 Benjamin Hawkins 1781- 84 NORTH CAROLINA. Benjamin Hawkins 178G- 87 Joseph Hewes 1774- 77 Joseph Hewes l 1779>- 79 Whitmill Hill 1778- 81 William Hooper 1774-77 Samuel Johnston 1780- 82 Allen Jones 177!)- 80 Willie Jones 1780- 81 Aimer Nash 1782- 84 Abner Nash 2 1785- 86 1 Died Nov. 10, 1779. 2 Died Dec. 2, 1786. John Penn 1775-76 John Penn 1777- 80 John Sitgreaves 1784- 85 William Sharpe 177!)- 82 Richard D. Spaight 1783- 85 John Swan 1787- 88 John Williams 1778-79 Hugh Williamson . . 1782- 85 Hugh Williamson 1787- 88 Alexander White 1780- 88 PENNSYLVANIA. Andrew Allen 1775-70 John Armstrong 1778- 80 John Armstrong 1787- 88 Samuel Atlee 1778- 82 John Bayard 1785- 87 Edward Biddle 1774-76 Edward Biddle 1778-7!) William Bingham 1787- 88 Matthew Clarkson 1785- 8(J William Clingan 1777-7!) George Clymer 177(5-78 George Clymer 1780- 83 John Dickinson 1774-76 Thomas Fitzsimmons 1782- 83 Benjamin Franklin 1775-7(5 Joseph Galloway 1774-75 Joseph Gardner 1784- 85 Edward Hand 1784- 85 William Henry Charles Humphreys Jared Ingersoll William Irvine David Jackson , Timothy Matlack , James McClene Samuel Meredith Thomas Mifflin Thomas Mifflin Charles Morris Robert Morris Joseph Montgomery John Morton Frederick A. Muhlenberg . Richard Peters Charles Pettit J. Read. . . .1784- 86 .1774-76 .1780- 81 .178(5- 88 .1785- 8(i .1780- 81 .177!)- 80 .1787- 88 .1774-76 .1782- 84 .178;?- 84 .1776-78 .1780~ 84 .1774-77 .1778- 80 .1782-83 .1785- 87 .1787-88 Joseph Reed 1777-78 Samuel Rhodes 1774-75 Daniel Roberdeau 1777-7!) George Ross 1774-77 Benjamin Rush 177(5-77 James Searle 1778- 80 William Shippen 1778- 80 James Smith 177(3-78 Jonathan B. Smith 1777-78 Thomas Smith 1780- 82 Arthur St. Clair 1785- 87 George Taylor 177(5-77 Thomas Willing 1775-76 James Willson 1775-78 James Willson 1782- 83 James Willson 1785- 87 Henry Wynkoop 177!)- 83 Jonathan Arnold 1782- 84 Peleg Arnold 1787- 80 John Collins 1778- 83 Ezekiel Cornell 1780- 83 William Ellery 1776- 81 William Ellcry 1783- 85 EHODE ISLAND. Jonathan J. Hazard 1787- 80 Stephen Hopkins 1774- 80 David Howell 1782- 85 James Manning 1785- 86 Henry Marchant 1777- 80 Henry Marchant 1783- 84 Nathan Miller 1785- 86 Daniel Mowry 1780- 82 James M. Varnum 1780- 82 James M. Varnum 178(5- 87 Samuel Ward 1774-76 Thomas Bee 1780- 82 Richard Beresford 1783- 85 John Bull 1784- 87 Pierce Butler 1787- SS William Henry Drayton 1 . .1778-7!) Nicholas Eveleigh 1781- 82 Christopher Gadsden 1774-7(5 John L. Gervais 1782- 83 Thomas Hey ward, jun 1776-78 Daniel Huger 1786- 88 Richard Hutson 1T78-79 SOUTH CAROLINA. Ralph Izard 1782- 83 John Kean 1785- 87 Francis Kinloch 1780- 81 Henry Laurens 1777- 80 Thomas Lynch 1774-76 Thomas Lynch, jun 177(5-77 John Matthews 1778- 82 Arthur Middleton 177(5-78 Arthur Middleton 1781- 83 Henry Middleton 1774-76 Isaac Motte 1780- 82 i Died Sept. 3, 1779. John Parker 1786- 88 Charles Pinckney 1777-78 Charles Pinckney 1784- 87 David Ramsay 1782- 84 David Ramsay 1785- 86 Jacob Read .1783- 85 Edward Rutledge 1774-77 John Rutledge 1774-77 John Rutledge 1782-83 Paul Trapier 1777-78 Thomas T. Tucker 1787-88 Thomas Adams 1778- 80 John Banister 1778-7!) Richard Bland 1774-75 Theodoric Bland 1780- 83 Carter Braxton 1776-76 John Brown 1787- 88 Edward Carrington 1785- 8(5 William Fitzhugh 177!)- 80 William Fleming 177!)- 81 William Grayson 1784- 87 Cyrus Griffin 1778- 81 Cyrus Griffin 1787- 88 Samuel Hardy 1 1783- 85 Benjamin Harrison 1774-78 VIRGINIA. John Harvie 1777-70 James Henry 1780- 81 Patrick Henry 1774-7(5 Thomas Jefferson 1775-77 Thomas Jefferson 1783- 85 Joseph Jones 1777-78 Joseph Jones 1780- 83 Arthur Lee 1781- 84 Francis Lightfoot Lee 1775- 80 Henry Lee 1785- 88 Richard Henry Lee 1774~ SO Richard Henry Lee 1784- 87 James Madison, ;jun 1780- 83 James Madison, jun 1786- 88 Died Oct. 17, 1785. 2 Died Oct. 22, 1775. James Mercer 1770- 80 John F. Mercer 1782- 85 James Monroe 178.V86 Thomas Nelson 1775-77 Thomas Nelson 177!)- 80 Mann Page 1777-77 Edmund Pendleton 1774-75 Edmund Randolph 177!*- 82 Peyton Randolph 2 1774-75 Merewether Smith 1778- 82 George Washington 1774-75 George Wythe 1775-77 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. THE FIEST CONGBESS. First Session, from March 4, 1789, to Sept. 29, 1789. Second Session, from Jan. 4, 1790, to Aug. 12, 1790. Third Session, from Dec. 6, 1790, to March 3, 1791. Vice-President. JOHN ADAMS of Massachusetts. President of the Senate pro tempore. JOHN LANGDON of New Hampshire. Secretary of the Senate. SAMUEL ALLYNE OTIS of Massachusetts. Speaker of the House. F. A. MUHLENBEKG of Pennsylvania. Clerk of the House. JOHN BECKLEY of Virginia. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. Oliver Ellsworth. 1 | William S. Johnson. 2 REPRESENTATIVES. Benjamin Huntington. Jonathan Sturges. Jeremiah "Wadsworth. Roger Sherman. Jonathan Trumbull. 1 Term expired March 3, 1791 ; re-appointed. * Resigned in 1791. DELAWAEE. SENATORS. Richard Bassett. | George Read. 1 REPRESENTATIVE. John Vining.2 1 Term expired March 3, 1791 ; re-appointed. * Took his seat May 6, 1789. GEORGIA. SENATORS. "William Few. | James Gunn. REPRESENTATIVES. Abraham Baldwin. 1 | James Jackson. 1 | George Matthews. 2 * Took his seat April 20, 1789. 2 Took his seat June 17, 1789. MARYLAND. SENATORS. Charles Carroll. 1 | John Henry. REPRESENTATIVES. David Carroll. I George Gale. I "William Smith. Benjamin Contee. Joshua Seney. Michael Jenifer Stone. 2 1 Term expired March 3, 1791 ; re-appointed. 2 Took his seat June 8, 1789. MASSACHUSETTS. SENATORS. Tristram Dalton. 1 I Caleb Strong. REPRESENTATIVES. Fisher Ames. Elbridge Gerry. Benjamin Goodhue. Jonathan Grout. George Leonard. George Partridge. Took his seat April 14, 1789. 2 Took his seat Juno 15, 1789. Theodore Sedgwick. 2 George Thatcher. THE FLKST CONGRESS. NEW HAMPSHIRE. SENATORS. John Langdon.i | Paine W i nga te. REPRESENTATIVES. AbielFoster.2 | Nicholas Gilrnan. | Samuel Livermore. i Elected President of the Senate April 6 1789 for the purpose of opening and counting the votes for President and Vice- President of the United States. 2 Took his seat Aug. 14, 1789. NEW JERSEY. SENATORS. Jonathan Elmer. I Philemon Dickinson. 2 William Patterson. 1 REPRESENTATIVES. Elias Boudinot. | Lambert Cadwalader. | Thomas Sinnickson. | James Schureman. i Resigned in 1790, having been elected Governor of New Jersey. 2 Elected in place of William Patterson, and took his seat Doc. C, 1790. NEW YORK. SENATORS. Kufus King. | Philip Schuyler. REPRESENTATIVES. Egbert Benson. I John Hathorn.i I Peter Sylvester.2 William Floyd. John Lawrence. Jeremiah Van Kensselaer. 8 i Took his seat April 23, 1789. 2 Took his seat April 22, 1789. Took his seat May 9, 1789. NORTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. Benjamin Hawkins. | Samuel Johnston. REPRESENTATIVES. John Baptist Ashe. 1 Timothy Bloodworth. - John Sevier. 3 Hugh "Williamson. 5 John Steele. 4 1 Took his seat March 24, 1790. 2 Took his seat April 6, 1790. 3 Took his seat June 16, 1790. * Took his seat April 19, 1790. 6 Took his seat March 19, 1790. PENNSYLVANIA. SENATORS. William Maclay. | Robert Morris. REPRESENTATIVES. George Clymer. Thomas Fitzsimons. Thomas Hartley. Daniel Heister. Frederick Augustus Muhlenberg. Peter Muhlenberg. 1 Elected speaker April 1, 1789. Thomas Scott. Henry Wynkoop. RHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. Theodore Foster. 1 | Joseph Stanton, jun. 2 REPRESENTATIVE. Benjamin Bourne. 8 1 Term expired March 3, 1791; re-appointed: took his seat June 25, 1790. a Took his seat June 25, 1790. 8 Took Ms seat Dec. 17, 1790. SOUTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. Pierce Butler. I Ralph Izard. REPRESENTATIVES. Edanus Burke. I William Smith.i I Thomas Tudor Tucker. Daniel Huger. Thomas Sumter. 2 1 Election unsuccessfully contested by David Ramsay. 2 Took his seat May 25, 1789. CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. VIRGINIA. SENATORS. "William Gray-son. 1 I Richard Henry Leo. John Walker. 2 James Monroe. 3 Theodorick Bland. 4 John Brown. Isaac Coles. William B. Giles.s REPRESENTATIVES. Richard Bland Lee. James Madison, jun. Andrew Moore. John Page. Josiah Parker. Alexander White. 1 Died in 1790. 2 Appointed by the governor in place of William Grayson, deceased. s Elected by the legislature in place of William Grayson, deceased; took his seat Dec. 6, 1790; term expired March 3, 1791; re-appoiuted. * Died June 1, 1790. s Elected in place of Theodorick Bland, deceased. THE SECOND CONGKESS, First Session from Oct. 24, 1791, to May 8, 1792. Second Session from Nov. 5, 1792, to March 2, 1793. Vice-President. JOHN ADAMS of Massachusetts. Presidents of the Senate pro tempore. RICHARD HENRY LEE of Virginia, elected April 18, 1792. JOHN LANGDON of New Hampshire, elected Nov. 5, 1792. Secretary of the Senate. SAMUEL ALLYNE OTIS of Massachusetts. Speaker of the House. JONATHAN TRUMBULL of Connecticut. Clerk of the House. JOHN BECKLEY of Virginia. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. Oliver Ellsworth. | Roger Sherman. 1 REPRESENTATIVES. Jamies Hillhouse. Jonathan Sturges. Jeremiah Wadsworth. Amasa Learned. Jonathan Trumbull. 2 1 Elected in place of William S. Johnson, resigned. 2 Elected speaker Oct. 24, 1791. DELAWARE. SENATORS. Richard Bassett. | George Read. REPRESENTATIVE. John Vining. GEORGIA. SENATORS. William Few. | James Gunn. REPRESENTATIVES. Abraham Baldwin. | John Milledge. 1 | Anthony Wayne. 2 | Francis Willis. 1 Elected in place of Anthony Wayne ; took his seat Nov. 22, 1792. * Election contested by James Jackson, and seat declared by the House to be vacant March 21, 1792. THE SECOND CONGRESS. John Brown. Christopher Greenup. Charles Carroll. 1 John Henry. "William Hindrnan. 8 Philip Key. John Francis Mercer. 4 KENTUCKY. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. I MARYLAND. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. William Vans Murray. William Pinkney.6 Joshua Seney. 6 John Edwards. Alexander D. Orr. Richard Potts. 2 Upton Sheridine. Samuel Sterritt. 1 Resigned in 1792. z Elected in placo of Charles Carroll, resigned; took his seat Feb. 4, 1703. s Elected in place of Joshua Seney. resigned; took his seat Jan. 30, 1793. * Elected in place of William Pinkncv, resigned; took his seat Feb 6 1792. 5 Resigned in 1791. Resigned in 1792. George Cabot. Fisher Ames. Shearjashub Bourne. Elbridge Gerry. MASSACHUSETTS. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. Benjamin Goodhue. Theodore Sedgwick. George Thatcher. NEW HAMPSHIRE. SENATORS. Caleb Strong. Artemas Ward. John Langdon. 1 Nicholas Gilman. REPRESENTATIVES. | Samuel Livermore. 1 Elected President pro tern. Nov. 5, 1792. Paine Wingate. | Jeremiah Smith. NEW JERSEY. SENATORS. | John Rutherford. REPRESENTATIVES. Elias Boudinot. | Abraham Clark. | Jonathan Dayton. | Aaron Kitchell. Philemon Dickinson. Aaron Burr. Egbert Benson. James Gordon. NEW YORK. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. John Lawrence. Cornelius C. Schoonmaker. Rufus King. Peter Sylvester. Thomas Tredwell. Benjamin Hawkins. John Baptist Ashe. William Barry Grove. NORTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. Nathaniel Macon. John Steele. Samuel Johnston. I Hugh Williamson. PENNSYLVANIA. SENATOR. Robert Morris. CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. "William Findley. Thomas Fitzsimons. Andrew Gregg. Theodore Foster. Benjamin Bourne. Robert Barnwell. Daniel Huger. Nathaniel Miles. Pierce Butler. Stephen R. Bradley. Richard Henry Lee. 1 James Monroe. John Brown. William B. Giles. Samuel Griffin. Richard Bland Lee. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas Hartley. Daniel Heister. Israel Jacobs. RHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. I SOUTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. William Smith. Thomas Sumter. VERMONT. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. I VIRGINIA. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. James Madison. Andrew Moore. John Page. Josiah Parker, John W. Kittera. Frederick Augustus Muhlenberg. Joseph Stanton, jun. George Leonard. Ralph Izard. Moses Robinson. Israel Smith. John Taylor. 2 Abraham B. Venable. Alexander White. i Elected President pro tern. April 18, 1792; resigned in Mgg* i P - of Richard Henry Lee, resigned; to THE THIRD CONGRESS. THE THIRD CONGRESS. First Session from Dec. 2, 1793, to June 9, 1794. Second Session from Nov. 3, 1794, to March 3, 1795. Vice-President. JOHN ADAMS of Massachusetts. Presidents of the Senate pro tempore. RALPH IZARD of South Carolina, elected May 31, 17SM; HENRY TAZEWELL, elected Feb. 20, 1795. Secretanj of the Senate. SAMUEL ALLYNE OTIS of Massachusetts. Speaker of the House. FREDERICK AUGUSTUS MUHLENBERG of Pennsylvania. Clerk of the House. JOHN BECKLEY of Virginia. Joshua Coit. James Hillhouse. Amasa Learned. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. Oliver Ellsworth. | Stephen Nix Mitchell. * REPRESENTATIVES. Zephaniah Swift. Jeremiah Wadsworth. Uriah Tracy. Jonathan Trumbull. Elected in place of Roger Sherman, deceased, in 1793; took his seat Dec. 2, 1793. Henry Latimer. 1 DELAWARE. SENATORS. | John Vining. REPRESENTATIVES. Henry Latimer. 2 John Patton. 8 1 Took his seat Feb. 28, 1795, in place of George Read, resigned in 1793. 2 Took his seat Feb. 14, 1794. * Election success fully contested by Henry Latimer. James Gunn. Abraham Baldwin. John Brown. Christopher Greenup. John Henry. Gabriel Christie. George Dent. Gabriel Duvall. 1 GEOKGIA. SENATORS. | REPRESENTATIVES. | KENTUCKY. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. MARYLAND. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. Uriah Forrest. William Hindman. John Francis Mercer. 2 James Jackson. Thomas P. Carnes. John Edwards. Alexander D. Orr. Richard Potts. Samuel Smith. Thomas Sprigg. William Vans Murray. Elected In place of John Francis Mercer, resigned; took his seat Nov. 11, 1794. Resigned April 13, 1794. 10 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. George Cabot. Fisher Ames. Shearjashub Bourne. David Cobb. Peleg Coftin, jun. Heury Dearborn. MASSACHUSETTS. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. Sanmel Dexter, jun. Dwight Foster. Benjamin Goodliue. Samuel Holten. William Lyinan. Caleb Strong. Theodore Sedgwick. George Thatcher. Peleg Wadsworth. Artenias Ward. Nicholas Gilman. Samuel Livermore. 1 NEW HAMPSHIKE. SENATORS. John Langdon. | REPRESENTATIVES. | John S. Sherburne. | Jeremiah Smith. | 1 Elected President pro tern. Feb. 20, 1795, but declined. Paine Wingate. John Beatty. Elias Boudinot. NEW JEESEY. SENATORS. Frederick Frelinghuysen. John Rutherford. REPRESENTATIVES. Lambert Cadwalader. Abraham Clark. 1 Jonathan Dayton. Aaron Kitchel. 2 1 Died In 1794. * Elected in place of Abraham Clark, deceased; took his seat Jan. 29, 1795. Aaron Burr Theodoras Bailey. Peter Van Gaasbeck. Ezekiel Gilbert. James Gordon. NEW TOEK. SENATORS. .New York. | REPRESENTATIVES. Rufus King. Henry Glenn. Silas Talbot. Thomas Tredvvell. John E. Van Allen. 1 Election unsuccessfully contested by Henry K. Van Rensselaer. Philip Van Cortlandt. John Watts. Benjamin Hawkins. Thomas Blount. William Johnston Dawson. James Gillespie. William Barry Grove. NOETH CAROLINA. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. Matthew Locke. Nathaniel Macon. Joseph McDowell. Alexander Mebane. Alexander Martin. Benjamin Williams. Joseph Winston. Albert Gallatin. 1 Robert Morris. James Armstrong. William Findley. Thomas Fitzsimons. Andrew Gregg. Thomas Hartley. PENNSYLVANIA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. James Ross. 2 Daniel Heister. William Irvine. John Wilkes Kittera. William Montgomery. Frederick Augustus Muhlenberg. 8 Peter Muhlenberg. Thomas Scott. John Smilie. 1 Election declared void Feb. 28, 1794. * Took his seat April 24, 1794. Elected speaker Dec. 2, 1793. William Bradford. Benjamin Bourne. RHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. I Theodore Foster. Francis Malbone. THE THIRD CONGRESS. 11 Pierce Butler. Lemuel Benton. Alexander Gillon. 2 Robert Goodloe Harper. 8 i Elected President pro tern. May 31, 1791. SOUTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. I Ralph Izard.^ REPRESENTATIVES. John Hunter. Richard Wynn. Andrew Pickens. William Smith. Died in 1794. s Elected in place of Alexander Gillon, deceased; took his seat Feb. 9, 1795. Stephen R. Bradley. Nathaniel Miles. VERMONT. SENATORS. I REPRESENTA Tl VES . I Moses Robinson. Israel Smith. James Monroe. John Taylor. * Isaac Coles. Thomas Claiborne. William B. Giles. Samuel Griffin. George Hancock. Carter B. Harrison. John Heath. i Resigned in 1794. VIRGINIA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Richard Bland Lee. James Madison. Andrew Moore. Joseph Neville. Anthony New. John Nicholas. John Page. Henry Tazewell. 2 Josiah Parker. Francis Preston. 8 Robert Rutherford. Abraham Venable. Francis Walker. 2 Elected in place of John Taylor, resigned; took his seat Dec. 29, 1794; elected President pro tern. Feb. 20, 1795. 3 Election unsuccessfully contested by Abram Trigg. TERRITORY SOUTH OF THE OHIO RIVER. DELEGATE. James White. 1 Took his seat Nov. 18, 1794. 12 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. THE FOURTH CONGRESS, First Session, from Dec. 7, 1795, to June 1, 179G. Second Session, from Dec. 5, 1796, to March 3, 1797. Vice-President. JOHN ADAMS of Massachusetts. Presidents of the Senate pro tempore. SAMUEL LIVERMOKE of New Hampshire, elected May G, 179C ; WILLIAM BINGHAM of Pennsylvania, elected Feb. 10, 1797. Secretary of the Senate. SAMUEL ALLYNE OTIS of Massachusetts. Speaker of the House. JONATHAN DAYTON of New Jersey. Clerk of the House. JOHN BECKLEY of Vir ginia. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. Oliver Ellsworth. 1 James Hillliouse. 2 Uriah Tracy. 8 Jonathan Trumbull. 4 REPRESENTATIVES. Joshua Coit. Chauncey Goodrich. Nathaniel Smith. Samuel Whittlesey Dana. 5 Roger Griswold. Zephaniah Swift. James Davenport. 6 James Hillhouse.7 Uriah Tracy.s 1 Resigned in 1796. s Elected in place of Oliver Ellsworth, resigned; took his seat Dec. 6, 1796. 8 Elected in place of Jonathan Trumbull, resigned ; took his Beat Dec. 6, 1796. * Resigned in 1796. 6 Elected in place of Uriah Tracy ; took his seat Jan. 3, 1797. 8 Elected in place of James Hillhouse; took his seat Dec. 5, 1796. 1 Elected senator. 8 Elected senator. Henry Latimer. James Gunn. James Jackson. 1 DELAWAEE. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVE. John Patton. GEORGIA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. John Vining. Josiah Tattnall. 2 George Walton.3 Abraham Baldwin. John Milledge. 1 Resigned in 1795. * Elected in place of James Jackson, resigned; took his seat April 12, 1796. Appointed in place of James Jackson, resigned ; took his seat Dec. 18, 1795. John Brown. Christopher Greenup. Humphrey Marshall. KENTUCKY. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. I MARYLAND. SENATORS. I Richard Potts. 3 1 Elected in place of Richard Potts, resigned ; took hia seat Dec. 27, 1796. * Resigned in 1796. Alexander D. Orr. John Henry. John Eager Howard. 1 THE FOURTH CONGRESS. 13 Thomas Sprigg. 5 William Vans Murray. REPRESENTATIVES. Gabriel Christie. Gabriel Dnvall.s Jeremiah Crabb. 1 "William Hindman. William Craik. 2 Samuel Smith. George Dent. Richard Sprigg, jnn.* i Resigned in 1796. 2 Elected in place of Jeremiah Crabb, resigned; took his seat Dec. 5, 1796. s Resigned March 28 1796; having been appointed judge of the Supreme Court of Maryland. < Elected in place of Gabriel Duvall, resigned- took his seat May C, 1790. B rrw t "= coot K-oi. v 1-70-7 Took his seat Feb. 7, 1797. George Cabot. 1 Benjamin Goodhue. 2 Fisher Ames, Theophilus Bradbury. Henry Dearborn. Dwight Foster. Nathaniel Freeman, jun. MASSACHUSETTS. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Benjamin Goodhue. George Leonard. Samuel Lyman. William Lyman. John Reed. Theodore Sedgwick. 8 Caleb Strong.* 1 Resigned in 1796. 2 Elected in place of George Cabot, resigned; took his seat Dec. Caleb Strong, resigned; took his seat Dec. 21, 1790. 4 Resigned in 1790. 5 Elected senator. Sedgwick ; took his seat Jan. 27, 1797. 7 Election unsuccessfully contested. Theodore Sedgwick. 5 Thomson J. Skinner. 6 George Thatcher. Joseph B. Varnum. 7 Peleg Wadsworth. 6, 1796. s Elected in place of Elected in place of Theodore Abiel Foster. NEW HAMPSHIRE. SENATORS. John Langdon. | REPRESENTATIVES. | Nicholas Gilman. | John T. Sherburne. 1 Elected president pro tern. May 6, 1796. Samuel Livermore. 1 I Jeremiah Smith. NEW JERSEY. SENATORS. Frederick Frelinghuysen. 1 John Rutherford. Richard Stockton. 2 Jonathan Dayton. 3 Thomas Henderson. REPRESENTATIVES. Aaron Kitchell. Isaac Smith. Mark Thompson. Resigned in 1790. 2 Elected in place of Frederick Frelinghuysen, resigned ; took his seat Dec. 6, 1796. Dec. 7, 1795. Elected speaker NEW YORK. SENATORS. Aaron Burr New York. Ruins King. 1 Theodoras Bailey. William Cooper. Ezekiel Gilbert. Henry Glen. REPRESENTATIVES. John Hathorn. Jonathan N. Havens. Edward Livingston. John E. Van Allen. John Lawrence. 2 Philip Van Cortlandt. John Williams. 1 Resigned in 1796, having been appointed minister to England. 2 Elected in place of Rufus King, resigned; took his seat Dec. 8, 1790. Thomas Blount. Nathan Bryan. Dempsey Burges. Jesse Franklin. NORTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. Timothy Bloodworth. | Alexander Martin. REPRESENTATIVES. James Gillespie. William B. Grove. James Holland. Matthew Locke. 1 Elected in place of Absalom Tatom, resigned; took his seat Dec. 13, 1790. 2 Resigned in 1790. PENNSYLVANIA. SENATORS. William Bingham. 1 | James Kosa. i Elected president pro tern. Feb. 1C, 1797. Nathaniel Macon. William Strudwick. 1 Absalom Tatom. 2 14 CONGBESSIONAL DIRECTORY. David Bard. George Ege. 1 William Mndley. Albert Gallatin. Andrew Gregg. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas Hartley. Daniel IIeister.2 John Wilkes Kittera. Samuel Maclay. Frederick Augustus Muhlenberg. John Richards. 3 Samuel Sitgreaves. John Swan wick. Richard Thomas. i Elected in place of Daniel Heister, resigned; took his seat Dec. 8, 17%. a Resigned in 1706. 3 Successfully contested the election of James Morris, who had received certificate ; took his seat Jan. 18, 1700. Benjamin Bourne. 1 1 Resigned in 1796. RHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. "William Bradford. I Theodore Foster. REPRESENTATIVES. | Francis Malbone. | Elisha R. Potter. 2 Elected in place of Benjamin Bourne, resigned ; took his seat Dec. 19, 1796. Pierce Butler. 1 John Hunter. 2 Lemuel Benton. Samuel Earle. SOUTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Wade Hampton. Robert Goodloe Harper. Jacob Read. William Smith. Richard Wynn. 1 Resigned in 1796. 2 Elected in place of Pierce Butler, resigned ; took his seat Jan. 27, 1797. William Blount. 1 Took his seat Dec. 5, 1796. TENNESSEE. SENATORS. | REPRESENTATIVES. Andrew Jackson. 8 * Took his seat Dec. 5, 1796. William Cocke. 2 Took his seat Dec. 5, 1796. Daniel Buck. i Resigned in 1796. Elijah Paine. Moses Robinson. 1 VERMONT. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Isaac Tichenor. 2 Israel Smith. 8 2 Elected in place of Moses Robinson, resigned; took hia seat Dec. 6, 1796. 8 Election unsuccess fully contested by Matthew Lyon. Stevens Thomson Mason. VIRGINIA. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. Richard Brent. Samuel J. Cabell. Thomas Claiborne. John Clopton. 2 Isaac Coles. William B. Giles. George Hancock. Carter B. Harrison. John Heath. George Jackson. James Madison. Andrew Moore. Anthony New. John Nicholas. Henry Tazewell. 1 John Page. Josiah Parker. Francis Preston. Robert Rutherford. Abraham Venable. 1 Elected president pro tern. Dec. 7, 1795. * Election unsuccessfully contested by Burwell Bassett. THE FIFTH CONGRESS. 15 THE FIFTH CONGRESS. First Session, from May 15, 1797, to July 10, 1797. Second Session, from Nov. 13, 1797, to July 16, 1798. Third Session, from Dec. 3, 1798, to March 3, 1799. Vice-President. THOMAS JEFFERSON of Virginia. Presidents of the Ssnate pro tempore. WILLIAM BRAD FORD of Rhode Island, elected July G, 1797; JACOB READ of South Carolina, elected Nov. 22, 1797; THEODORE SEDGWICK of Massachusetts, elected June 27, 1798; JOHN LAWRENCE of New York, elected Dec. 6, 1798; JAMES Ross of Pennsylvania, elected March 1, 1799. Secretary of the Senate. SAMUEL ALLYNE OTIS of Massa chusetts. Speaker of the House. JONATHAN DAYTON of New Jersey. Speaker of the House pro tempore. GEORGE DENT of Maryland, elected April 20, 1798; and again elected, May 28, 1798. Clerk of the House. JONATHAN WILLIAMS CONDY of Pennsylvania. James Hillhouse. John Allen. Jonathan Brace. 1 Joshua Coit. 2 CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES . Samuel W. Dana. James Davenport. 8 William Edmond. 4 Uriah Tracy. Chauncey Goodrich. Roger Griswold. 6 Nathaniel Smith. 1 Elected in place of Joshua Coit, deceased ; took his seat Dec. 3, 1798. 2 Died in 1708. Died in 1797. Elected in place of flames Davenport, deceased; took his seat Nov. 13, 1797. c Unsuccessful motion made to expel after his personal encounter with Matthew Lyon of Vermont, Feb. 15, 1798. DELAWARE. SENATORS. Joshua Clayton. 1 Henry Latirner. John Vining. 2 William Hill Wells.s REPRESENTATIVE. John A. Bayard. 1 Elected in place of John Vining, resigned; took his seat Feb. 19, 1798; died in 1798. * Resigned in 1798. place of Joshua Clayton, deceased; took his seat Feb. 4, 1799. Elected in James Gunn. Abraham Baldwin. John Brown. Thomas T. Davis. John Henry. 1 John E. Howard. 1 Resigned in 1797, having been elected governor. GEORGIA. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. I KENTUCKY. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES . I MARYLAND. SENATORS. I James Lloyd. 2 Elected in place of John Henry, resigned; took his seat Jan. 11, 1798. Josiah Tattnall. John Milledge. Humphrey Marshall. John Fowler. 16 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. George Baer, jun. William Craik. John Deuiiis. REPRESENTATIVES. George Dent. William Hiudman. William Matthews. Samuel Smith. Richard Sprigg, jun. Benjamin Goodhue. Bailey Bartlett. 2 Theophilus Bradbury. Stephen Bullock. Dwight Foster. Nathaniel Freeman, jun. 1 Elected presklent pro tern. June 27, 1798. MASSACHUSETTS. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. Samuel Lyman. Harrison Gray Otis. Isaac Parker. John Reed. Samuel Sewall. Theodore Sedgwick. 1 William Shepard. Thompson J. Skinner. George Thatcher. Joseph Bradley Varnum. Peleg Wadsworth. 2 Elected in place of Theophilus Bradbury, resigned ; took his seat Nov. 27, 1797. a Resigned in 1797. Abiel Foster. Jonathan Freeman. NEW HAMPSHIRE. SENATORS. Samuel Livermore. John Langdon. | REPRESENTATIVES. I William Gordon. Peleg Sprague. 2 Jeremiah Smith. 1 1 Resigned in 1797. 2 Elected in place of Jeremiah Smith, resigned ; took his seat Dec. 15, 1797. Franklin Davenport. 1 John Rutherford. 2 NEW JERSEY. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. James Schureman. Thomas Siunickson. Richard Stockton. Jonathan Dayton. 8 James H. Imlay. 1 Appointed in place of John Rutherford, resigned; took his seat Dec. 19, 1798. May 15, 1797. Mark Thompson. 2 Resigned in 1798. 8 Elected speaker John Sloss Hobart. 1 John Lawrence. 2 William North.8 David Brooks. James Cochran. Lucas Elinendorph. Henrv Glen. NEW YORK. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Jonathan N. Havens. Hezekiah L. Hosmer. Edward Livingston. John E. Van Allen. Philip Schuyler. 4 James Watson. 5 Philip Van Cortlandt. John Williams. 1 Elected in place of Philip Schuyler, resigned ; took his sent Feb. 2, 1708; resigned in April, 1798, having been appointed judge of the United .States District Court of New York. 2 Elected president pro tern. Dec. 6, 1798. 3 Appointed in place of John Sloss Hobart, resigned; took his seat May 21, 1798. * Resigned Jan. 3, 1798. Elected in place of John Sloss Hobart, resigned ; took his seat Dec. 11, 1798. Thomas Blount. Nathan Bryan. 1 Deinsey Burgos. James Gillespie. Timothy Bloodworth. NORTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. William Barry Grove. Matthew Locke. Nathaniel Maeon. Joseph McDowell. Alexander Martin. Richard Dobhs Spaight. 2 Richard Stanford. Robert Williams. 1 Died June 4, 1798. 3 Elected in place of Nathan Bryan, deceased; took his seat Dec. 10, 1798. THE FIFTH CONGRESS. 17 "William Bingham. David Bard. Robert Brown. 2 John Chapman. George Ege. 3 William Findley. Albert Gallatin. 1 Elected president pro tern. March 1, 1797. Resigned in 1797. * Elected i been appointed commissioner to Ms seat Dec. 3, 1798. William Bradford. 1 Theodore Foster. Christopher G. Champlin. PENNSYLVANIA. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES . Andrew Gregg. John Andre Hanna. Thomas Hartley. Joseph Heister. 4 John Wilkes Kittera. Blair M Clenachan. James Ross. 1 Samuel Sitgreaves. 6 John Swan wick. <> Richard Thomas. Robert Wain. 1 ? RHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Elisha R. Potter.s Ray Greene. 2 Thomas Tillinghast.* 1 Elected president pro tern. July 6, 1797; resigned in 1797. * Elected in place of William Bradford, resigned; took his seat Nov. 22, 1797. 8 Resigned in 1797. * Elected in place of Elisha R. Potter, resigned; took his seat Nov. 13, 1797. John Hunter. 1 Charles Pinckney. 2 SOUTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. Jacob Read. 3 Lemuel Benton. Robert Goodloe Harper. Thomas Pinckney. 4 John Rutledge, jun. William Smith, Charleston District. William Smith, Pinckney District. 5 Thomas Sumter. 1 Resigned in 1798. 2 Elected in place of John Hunter, resigned ; took his seat Feb. 16, 1797. * Elected president pro tern. Nov. 22, 1797. * Elected in place of William Smith, resigned ; took his seat Nov. 23, 1797. B Resigned in 1797, having been appointed minister to Portugal. TENNESSEE. SENATORS. Joseph Anderson. 1 William Blount. 2 William Cocke. Andrew Jackson. 8 Daniel Smith. 4 REPRESENTATIVE. William C. C. Claiborne. 5 1 Elected in place of William Blount, expelled; took his seat Nov. 22, 1797. 2 Expelled for "high misdemeanor" July 8, 1797. 3 Took his seat Nov. 22, 1797; resigned in 1798. * Appointed in place of Andrew Jackson, resigned; took his seat Dec. 3, 1798. * Took his seat Nov. 23, 1797. Nathaniel Chipman. 1 Elijah Paine. Matthew Lyon. 8 VERMONT. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. I Isaac Tichenor. 2 Lewis R. Morris. 1 Elected in place of Isaac Tichenor, resigned ; took his seat Nov. 22, 1797. 2 Resigned in 1797, having been elected governor. 8 Unsuccessful motion made to expel after his personal encounter with Roger Griswold of Connecticut, Feb. 15, 1798. Stevens T. Mason. VIRGINIA. SENATORS. I Henry Tazewell. 1 Richard Brent. Samuel Jordon Cabill. Thomas Claiborne. Matthew Clay. John Clopton. John Dawson. Joseph Eggleston. 2 1 Died Jan. 24, 1799. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas Evans. Anthony New. William B. Giles. 8 John Nicholas. Carter B. Harrison. Josiah Parker. David Holmes. Abram Trigg. Walter Jones. John Trigg. James Machir. Abraham V enable. Daniel Morgan. 4 1 Elected in place of William B. Giles, resigned; took his seat Dec. 3, 1798. Resigned in 17 * Election unsuccessfully contested by Robert Rutherford. 18 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. THE SIXTH CONGRESS. First Session, from Dec. 2, 1799, to May 14, 1800. Second Session, from Nov. 17, 1800, to March 3, 1801. Vice-President. THOMAS JEFFERSON of Virginia. Presidents of the Senate pro tempore. SAMUEL LIVER- MOKE of New Hampshire, elected Dec. 2, 1799; URIAH TRACT of Connecticut, elected May 14, 1800; JOHN E. HOWARD of Maryland, elected Nov. 21, 1800; JAMES HILLHOUSE of Connecticut, elected Feb. 28, 1801. Secretary of the Senate. SAMUEL ALLYNE OTIS of Massachusetts. Speaker of the House. THEODORE SEDGWICK of Massachusetts. Clerks of the House. JONATHAN WILLIAMS CONDY of Pennsylvania; JOHN HOLT OSWALD of Pennsylvania, elected Dec. 9, 1800. James Hillhouse. 1 Jonathan Brace. 8 Samuel W. Dana. John Davenport. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. "William Edmond. Chauncey Goodrich. Elizur Goodrich. Uriah Tracy. 2 Roger Griswold. John C. Smith.* 1 Elected president pro tern. Feb. 28, 1801. * Elected president pro tern. May 14, 1800. * Resigned in 1800. * Elected in place of Jonathan Brace, resigned; took his seat Nov. 17, 1800. Henry Latimer. DELAWARE. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVE. James A. Bayard. William Hill Wells. James Jones. 1 Abraham Baldwin. GEORGIA. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. I * Died Jan. 13, 1801. James Gunn. Benjamin Taliaferro. John Brown. Thomas T. Davis. William Hindman. 1 John E. Howard. 2 George Baer. Gabriel Christie. William Craik. KENTUCKY. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. I MARYLAND. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. George Dent. John Dennis. Joseph H. Nicholson. Humphrey Marshall. James Lloyd. 8 John Fowler. Samuel Smith. John Chew Thomas. 1 Elected in place of James Lloyd, resigned; took his seat Dec. 15, 1800. * Elected president pro tern. Nov. 21, 1800. Re signed in 1800. THE SIXTH CONGRESS. 19 MASSACHUSETTS. SENATORS. Samuel Dexter. 1 D wight Foster. 2 Benjamin Goodhue. 8 Jonathan Mason. 4 Bailey Bartlett. Phanuel Bishop. Dwight Foster. 2 Silas Lee. Levi Lincoln. 5 Samuel Lyman. 6 1 Resigned in 1800. * Elected senat 1800. * Elected in place of Benjamin G elected senator; took his seat Feb. C, 180 REPRESENTATIVES . Ebenezer Mattoon. 7 Harrison G. Otis. Nathan Read. 8 John Reed. Theodore Sedgwick. 9 Samuel Sewall.io >r in place of Samuel Dexter, resigned ; to< x>dhue, resigneii ; took his seat Dec. 19, 180 t. 8 Resigned in 1801. 7 Elected in pla William Shepard. George Thatcher. Joseph B. Varnum. Peleg Wadsworth. Lemuel Williams. )k his seat Nov. 21, 1800. Resigned in ). B Elected in place of Dwight Foster, ce of Samuel Lyman, resigned; took his seat Feb. 2. 1801. * Elected in place of Samuel Sewall, resigned; took his seat Nov. 25, 1800. Elected speaker Dec. 2, John Langdon. Abiel Foster. Jonathan Freeman. NEW HAMPSHIRE. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. William Gordon. 2 James Sheaf e. Samuel Livermore. 1 Samuel Tenney. 8 1 Elected president pro tern. Dec. 2. 1799. * Resigned in 1800. * Elected in place of William Gordon, resigned; took his seat Dec. 8, 1800. Jonathan Dayton. Aaron Ogden. 1 John Condit. Franklin Davenport. NEW JERSEY. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. James H. Imlay. Aaron Kitchel. James Schureman. 2 James Lynn. 1 Elected in place of James Schureman, resigned; took his seat March 3, 1801. 2 Elected in place of John Rutherford, resigned in 1798; took his seat Dec. 3, 1799; resigned in 1801. John Armstrong. 1 John Laurence. 2 Theodoras Bailey. John Bird. William Cooper. Lucas Elmendorf. NEW YORK. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES . Henry Glen. Edward Livingston. Jonas Platt. John Smith. Gouverneur Morris. 8 James Watson. 4 John Thompson. Philip Van Cortlandt. 1 Elected in place of John Lawrence, resigned; took his seat Jan. 8, 1801. James Watson, resigned ; took his seat May 3, 1800. 2 Resigned in 1800. * Resigned in 1800. Elected in place of Timothy Bloodworth. Willis Alston. Joseph Dixon. William Barry Grove. Archibald Henderson. NORTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. William H. Hill. Nathaniel Macon. Richard Dobbs Spaight. Richard Stanford. Jesse Franklin. David Stone. Robert Williams. William Bingham. Robert Brown. Albert Gallatin Andrew Gre<*g. John A. Hanna. Thomas Hartley. 1 i Died in 1800. PENNSYLVANIA. SENATORS. I James Ross. REPRESENTATIVES. Joseph Heister. John Wilkes Kittera. Michael Leib. Peter Muhlenberg. John Smilie. Elected in place of Thomas Hartley, deceased; took his seat Feb. 3, 1801. John Stewart. 2 Richard Thomas. Robert Wain. Henry Woods. 20 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Theodore Foster. John Brown. Charles Pinckney. Robert Goodloe Harper. Benjamin Huger. RHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. I SOUTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. Abraham Nott. Thomas Pinckney. Ray Greene. Christopher G. Champlin. Jacob Read. John Rutledge, jun. Thomas Sumter. TENNESSEE. SENATORS. Joseph Anderson. 1 I William Cocke. REPRESENTATIVE. William Charles Cole Claiborne. Elected in place of Andrew Jackson, resigned ; took his seat Dec. 2, 1799. Nathaniel Chipman. Matthew Lyon. Samuel J. Cabell. Matthew Clay. John Dawson. Joseph Eggleston. Thomas Evans. Sanmel Goode. Edwin Gray. VERMONT. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. I VIRGINIA. SENATORS. Stephens Thompson Mason. | REPRESENTATIVES. David Holmes. George Jackson. Henry Lee. John Marshall. 2 Anthony New. John Nicholas. Robert Page. Elijah Paine. Lewis R. Morris. Wilson Gary Nicholas. 1 Josiah Parker. Levin Powell. John Randolph. Littleton W. Tazewell.8 Abram Trigg. John Trigg. 1 Elected in place of Henry Tazewell, deceased ; took his seat Jan. 3, 1800. * Resigned in 1800. John Marshall, resigned; took his seat Nov. 26, 1800. Elected in place of TERRITORY NORTH-WEST OF THE OHIO RIVER. DELEGATES. William Henry Harrison. 1 | William M Millan. 2 Resigned in 1800. * Elected in place of William Henry Harrison, resigned; took his seat NOT. 24, 1800. THE SEVENTH CONGRESS. 21 THE SEVENTH CONGRESS, First Session, from Dec. 7, 1801, to May 3, 1802. Second Session, from Dec. 6, 1802, to March 3, 1803. Vice-President. AARON BURR of New York. Presidents of the Senate pro tempore. ABRAHAM BALDWIN of Georgia, elected Dec. 7, 1801, and again elected April 17, 1802; STEPHEN K. BRADLEY of Vermont, elected Dec. 14, 1802, and again elected Feb. 25, 1803, and again elected March 2, 1803. Secretary of the Senate. SAMUEL ALLYNE OTIS of Massachusetts. Speaker of the House. NATHANIEL MACON of North Carolina. Clerk of the House. JOHN BECKLEY of Virginia. Samuel W. Dana. John Davenport. Koger Griswold. James Hillhouse. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. Calvin Goddard. Elias Perkins. John C. Smith. Uriah Tracy. Benjamin Tallmadge. William Hill Wells. DELAWAKE. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVE. James A. Bayard. Samuel White. Peter Early. 2 Abraham Baldwin. 1 GEORGIA. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. James Jackson. | David Meriwether.s | John Milledge. 4 | Benjamin Taliaferro. 6 i Elected president pro tern. Dec. 7, 1801, and April 17, 1802. Elected in place of John Milledge, resigned ; took his seat Jan. 10, 1803. 8 Elected in place of Benjamin Taliaferro, resigned; took his seat Dec. 6, 1802. Resigned . law. KO- signed in 1802. John Breckenridge. Thomas T. Davis. KENTUCKY. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. I John Brown. John Fowler. William Hindman. John E. Howard. MARYLAND. SENATORS. Eobert Wright. 22 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. John Archer. Walter Bowie. John Campbell. REPRESENTATIVES. John Dennis. Daniel Heister. Joseph H. Nicholson. Thomas Plater. Samuel Smith. Richard Sprigg. John Bacon. Phanuel Bishop. Mauasseh Cutler. Richard Cutts. "William Eustis. Dwight Foster. MASSACHUSETTS. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. Jonathan Mason. Resigned in 1802. Seth Hastings. Josiah Smith. Silas Lee. 1 Samuel Thatcher. 2 Ebenezer Mattoon. Joseph B. Varnum. Nathan Reed. Peleg Wadsworth. "William Shepard. Lemuel Williams. Elected in place of Silas Lee, resigned; took his seat Dec. 6, 1802. Abiel Foster. Samuel Hunt. 4 Simeon Olcott. 1 William Plumer. 2 NEW HAMPSHIRE. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES . Joseph Pierce. 6 Samuel Tenney. James Sheafe. 8 George P. Upham. 1 Elected in place of Samuel Livermore, resigned in 1801 ; took his seat Dec. 7, 1801. 2 Elected in place of James Sheafe, resigned; took his seat Dec. G, 1802. * Resigned in 1802. * Elected in place of Joseph Pierce, resigned; took his seat Dec. 6, 1802. 6 Resigned in 1802. Jonathan Dayton. John Condit. Ebenezer Elmer. NEW JERSEY. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. William Helms. James Mott. Aaron Ogden. Henry Southard. John Armstrong. 1 DeWitt Clinton.2 Theodoras Bailey. Lucas Elmendorf. Samuel L. Mitchill. Thomas Morris. NEW YORK. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. John Smith. David Thomas. Philip Van Cortlandt. John P. Van Ness. 3 Gouverneur Morris. Killian K. Van Rensselaer. Benjamin Walker. 1 Resigned in 1802. * Elected in place of John Armstrong, resigned; took his seat Feb. 23, 1802. Seat declared forfeited Jan. 17, 1803; he having accepted and exercised the office of major of militia, under authority of the United States, within the Territory of Columbia. Jesse Franklin. Willis Alston. William Barry Grove. Archibald Henderson. William H. Hill. NORTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. James Holland. Charles Johnson. 1 Nathaniel Macon. 2 Richard Stanford. David Stone. John Stanley. Robert Williams. 8 Thomas Wynn. 4 1 Died in 1802. * Elected speaker Dec. 7, 1801. Took his seat Jan. 22, 1802. deceased ; took his Boat Dec. 7, 1802. PENNSYLVANIA. SENATORS. George Logan. 1 I James Ross. Peter Muhlenberg. 2 Elected in place of Peter Muhlenberg, resigned ; took his seat Dec. 7, 1801. Resigned in 1801. THE SEVENTH CONGRESS. 23 Robert Brown. Thomas Bonde. Andrew Gregg. John A. Hanua. Joseph Heister. REPRESENTATIVES. Joseph Hemphill. William Hoge. William Jones. Michael Leib. John Smilie. John Stewart. Isaac Vanhorne. Henry Woods. Christopher Ellery. 1 Theodore Foster. RHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Ray Greene. 2 Joseph Stanton, jun. | Thomas Tillinghast. 1 Elected in place of Ray Greene, resigned; took his seat Dec. 7, 1801. * Resigned in 1801. John Ewing Calhoun. Charles Pinckney. 1 William Butler. Benjamin Huger. Thomas Lowndes. SOUTH CAEOLINA. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas Moore. John Rutledge. Thomas Suinter. 2 Thomas Sumter. 2 Richard Winn. 8 1 Resigned in 1801. * Elected senator in place of Charles Pinckney, resigned; took his seat Dec. 19, 1801. Elected in place of Thomas Sumter, elected senator; took his seat Jan. 24, 1803. Joseph Anderson. TENNESSEE. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVE. William Dickson. William Cocke. Stephen R. Bradley. 1 VERMONT. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. I Nathaniel Chipman. Israel Smith. Lewis R. Morris. 1 Elected in place of Elijah Paine, resigned in 1801; took his seat Dec. 7, 1801; elected president pro tern. Dec. 14, 1802, Feb. 25, 1803, and March 2, 1803. Stevens Thompson Mason. VIRGINIA. SENATORS. I Richard Brent. Samuel J. Cabell. Thomas Claiborne. Matthew Clay. John Clopton. John Dawson. 1 William B. Giles. REPRESENTATIVES. Edwin Gray. David Holmes. George Jackson. Anthony New. Thomas Newton, jun. John Randolph, jun. John Smith. Took his seat Jan. 14, 1802. Wilson Gary Nicholas. John Stratton. John Taliaferro, jun. Philip R. Thompson. Abram Trigg. John Trigg. 24 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. THE EIGHTH CONGKESS, First Session, from Oct. 17, 1803, to March 27, 1804. Second Session, from Nov. 5, 1804, to March 3, 1805. Vice-President. AARON BUKB of New York. Presidents of the Senate pro tempore. JOHN BROWN of Kentucky, elected Oct. 17, 1803, and again elected Jan. 23, 1804; JESSE FRANKLIN of North Carolina, elected March 10, 1804; JOSEPH ANDERSON of Tennessee, elected Jan. 15, 1805, and again elected Feb. 28, 1805, and again elected March 2, 1805. Secretary of tlie Senate. SAMUEL ALLTNE OTIS of Massachusetts. Speaker of the, House. NATHANIEL MACON of North Carolina. Clerk of the House. JOHN BECKLEY of Virginia. James Hillhouse. Simeon Baldwin. Samuel "W. Dana. John Davenport. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. Calvin Goddard. Roger Griswold. John C. Smith. Uriah Tracy. Benjamin Tallmadge. James A. Bayard. 1 William Hill Wells.* DELAWARE. SENATORS. Samuel White. REPRESENTATIVE. Caesar A. Rodney. 1 Elected in place of William Hill Wells, resigned; took Ms seat Jan. 15, 1805. Resigned In 1804. Joseph Bryan. Abraham Baldwin. | Peter Early. GEORGIA. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. | Samuel Hammond. James Jackson. David Meriwether. John Breckenridge. KENTUCKY. SENATORS. John Brown. 1 George Michael Bedinger. John Boyle. REPRESENTATIVES. John Fowler. Matthew Lyon. Elected president pro tern. Oct. 17, 1803, and Jan. 23, 1804. Thomas Sanford. Matthew Walton. John Archer. Walter Bowie. John Campbell. John Dennis. Samuel Smith. MARYLAND. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. Daniel Heister. 1 William McCreery. Nicholas II. Moore. Roarer Nelson. 2 Robert Wright. Joseph H. Nicholson. Thomas Plater. 1 Died in 1804. J Elected in place of Daniel Heister, deceased; took his seat Nov. C, 1804. THE EIGHTH CONGEESS. 25 John Quincy Adams. Phanuel Bishop. Jacob Crowninshield. Manasseh Cutler. Richard Cutts. Thomas Dwight. "William Eustis. MASSACHUSETTS. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Seth Hastings. Simon Larned. 2 Nahum Mitchell. Ebenezer Seaver. Tompson J. Skinner. 8 William Stedman. Timothy Pickering. 1 Samuel Taggart. Samuel Thatcher. Joseph B. Varnum. Peleg Wadsworth. Lemuel Williams. Elected in place of Dwight Foster, resigned in 1803; took his seat Oct. 17, 1803. * Elected in place of Tomoson J Skinner resigned; took his seat Nov. 5, 1804. s Resigned in 1804. NEW HAMPSHIRE. SENATORS. Simeon Olcott. | William Plumer. REPRESENTATIVES. Silas Betton. David Hough. I Samuel Tennev Clifton Claggett. - - 1 " - ^ David Hough. Samuel Hunt. John Condit. Adam Boyd. Ebenezer Elmer. John Armstrong. 1 Theodoras Bailey. 2 DeWitt Clinton. 8 George Clinton, jun. Gaylord Griswold. Josiah Hasbrouck. Henry W. Livingston. Andrew McCord. Samuel L. Mitchill. 4 Beriah Palmer. NEW JERSEY. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. William Helms. James Mott. NEW TOR]?. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. John Patterson. Oliver Plielps. Samuel Riker.? Erastiis Root. Joshua Sands. Thomas Sammons. John Smith. 5 Jonathan Dayton. James Sloan. Henry Southard. Samuel L. Mitchill.< John Smith.s David Thomas. George Tibbits. Philip Van Cortlandt. Killian K. Van Ilensselaer. Daniel C. Verplanck. DeWitt Clinton, resigned; took his seat Feb. 23, 1804. Elected in place of Samuel L. Mitchill, elected senator ; took his seat Feb. 14, 1805. 1 Elected in place of John Smith, elected senator; took his seat Nov. 5, 1804. Jesse Franklin. 1 Nathaniel Alexander. Willis Alston, jun. William Blackledge. James Gillespie. 2 NORTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. James Holland. William Kennedy. Nathaniel Macon. 3 Samuel D. Purviance. David Stone. Richard Stanford. Marinaduke Williams. Joseph Winston. Thomas AVynns. 1 Elected president pro tern. March 10, 1804. 2 Died January, 1805. 8 Elected speaker Oct. 17, 1803. John Smith. 1 1 Took Ms seat Oct. 25, 1803. OHIO. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVE. Jeremiah Morrow. 8 2 Took his seat Oct. 17, 1803. Thomas Worthington. 2 Took his seat Oct. 17, 1803. PENNSYLVANIA. SENATORS. George Logan. Samuel Maclay. 26 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Isaac Anderson. David Bard. Robert Brown. Joseph Clay. Frederick Conrad. William Findley. Andrew Gregg. REPRESENTATIVES. John A. Hanna. Joseph Heister. William Hoge. 1 John Hoge. 2 Michael Leib. John B. C. Lucas. John Rea. Jacob Richards. John Smilie. John Stewart. Isaac Van Home. John Whitehill. Resigned in 1804. * Elected in place of William Hoge, resigned ; took his seat Nov. 27, 1804, election unsuccessfully contested. RHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. Christopher Ellery. Benjamin Howland. 1 Samuel J. Potter. 2 REPRESENTATIVES. Nehemiah Knight. | Joseph Stanton. 1 Elected in place of Samuel J. Potter, deceased ; took Ms seat Dec. 3, 1804. a Died in 1804. Pierce Butler. 1 John Gaillard. 2 William Butler. Levi Casey. John B. Earle. SOUTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Wade Hampton. Benjamin Huger. Thomas Lowndes. Thomas Sumter. 8 Thomas Moore. Richard Winn. * Elected in place of John E. Calhoun, deceased in 1802 ; took his seat Oct. 18, 1803, resigned in 1804. * Elected in place of Pierce Butler, resigned; took his seat Jan. 31, 1805. 3 Took his seat Feb. 6, 1804. TENNESSEE. SENATORS. Joseph Anderson. 1 | William Cocke. REPRESENTATIVES. George Washington Campbell. I William Dickson. | John Rhea. 1 Elected president pro tern. Jan. 15, 1805, Feb. 28, 1805, and March 2, 1805. VERMONT. SENATORS. Stephen R. Bradley. | Israel Smith. REPRESENTATIVES. William Chamberlin. | Martin Chittenden. | James Elliot. | Gideon Olin. VIRGINIA. SENATORS. William B. Giles. 1 Andrew Moore. 2 Wilson Cary Nicholas. 8 John Taylor.* Abraham B. Venable. 5 Thomas Claiborne. Christopher Clark, 9 Matt lie w Clay. John Clopton. John Dawson. John W. Kppes. Peterson Goodwyn. Edwin Gray. Thomas Griffin. REPRESENTATIVES . David Holmes. John G. Jackson. Walter Jones. Joseph Lewis, jun. Thomas Lewis.? Andrew Moore. 2 Anthony New. Thomas Newton, jun. John Randolph, jun. Thomas M. Randolph. John Smith. James Stephenson. Philip R. Thompson. Abram Trigg. John Trigg. 8 Alexander Wilson. 9 1 Elected in place of Wilson Cary Nicholas, resigned; took his seat Dec. 17, 1804; appointed in place of Abraham B. Venable, resigned ; took his seat Nov. 5. 1804. 2 Successfully contested the election of Thomas Lewis ; took his seat March 5. 1804; appointed senator in place of Wilson Cary Nicholas, resigned; took his seat Nov. 6, 1804; elected senator in place of Abraham B. Venablo, resigned ; took his seat Dec. 17, 1804. s Resigned in 1804. 4 Appointed in place of Stevens T. Mason, deceased in 1803 ; took his seat Oct. 17, 1803. e Elected in place of Stevens T. Mason, deceased in 1803, John Taylor having been appointed pro tern. ; took his seat Dec. 13, 1803 ; resigned in 1804. Elected in place of John Trigg, deceased ; took his seat Nov. 5, 1804. i Election successfully contested Dy Andrew Moore. * Died in 1804. Elected in place of Andrew Jloore, appointed senator; took his seat Dec. 4, 1804. MISSISSIPPI TERRITORY. DELEGATE. William Lattimore. 1 Took his seat Oct. 17, 1803. THE NINTH CONGRESS. 27 THE NINTH CONGKESS. First Session, from Dec. 2, 1805, to April 21, 1806. Second Session, from Dec. 1, 1806, to March 3, 1807. Vice-President. GEORGE CLINTON of New York. President of the Senate pro tempore. SAMUEL SMITH of Maryland, elected Dec. 2, 1805; and again elected March 18, 1806; and again elected March 2, 1807. Secretary of the Senate. SAMUEL ALLYNE OTIS of Massachusetts. Speaker of the House. NATHANIEL MACON of North Carolina. Clerk of the House. JOHN BECKLEY of Virginia. James Hillhouse. Samuel W. Dana. John Davenport, jun. Theodore D wight. 1 CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. I KEPRESENTATIVES. Jonathan O. Moseley. Timothy Pitkin, jun. John Cotton Smith. 2 Uriah Tracy. Lewis B. Sturges. Benjamin Tallmadge. 1 Elected in place of John Cotton Smith, resigned ; took his seat Dec. 1, 1806. s Resigned in 1806. James A. Bayard. DELAWAKE. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVE. James M. Broom. Samuel White. Abraham Baldwin. James Jackson. 1 William W. Bibb.8 Joseph Bryan. 4 Peter Early. GEORGIA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Cowles Mead. 5 David Meriwether. Dennis Smelt. 9 John Milledge.2 Thomas Spalding. ? i Died March 18, 1806. * Elected in place of James Jackson, deceased; took his seat Dec. 11, 1806. 8 Elected in place of Thomas Spalding, resigned ; took his seat Jan. 26, 1807. * Resigned in 1806. s Election successfully contested by Thomas Spalding. e Elected in place of Joseph Bryan, resigned; took his seat Dec. 26, 106. 7 Successfully contested the election of Cowles Mead; took his seat Dec. 25, 1805; resigned in 1806. John Adair. 1 Henry Clay. 2 George Michael Bedinger. John Boyle. KENTUCKY. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. John Fowler. Matthew Lvon. Buckner Thruston. Elected in place of John Breckenridge, resigned in 1805; took his seat Dec. 9, 1805; resigned In 1806. John Adair, resigned ; took his seat Dec. 29, 180G. Thomas Sanford. Matthew Walton. Elected in place of MARYLAND. SENATORS. Philip Reed.i Samuel Smith. 2 Robert Wright.8 1 Elected in place of Robert Wright, resigned; took his seat Dec. 29, 1806. 2 Elected president pro tern. Dec. 2, 1805, March 18, 1806, and March 2, 1807. 8 Resigned in 1806. 28 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. REPRESENTATIVES. John Archer. John Campbell. Leonard Covington. Charles Goldsborough. * Elected in place of Joseph H. Nicholson, resigned; took his seat Dec. 3, 1806. Edward Lloyd. 1 Patrick Magruder. "William McCreery. Nicholas R. Moore. Roger Nelson. Joseph H. Nicholson. 2 Resigned in 1806. John Quincy Adams. Joseph Barker. Barnabas Bid well. Phanuel Bishop. John Chandler. Orchard Cook. Jacob Crowninshield. MASSACHUSETTS. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. Richard Cutts. William Ely. Isaiah L. Green. Seth Hastings. Jeremiah Nelson. Josiah Quincy. Timothy Pickering. Ebenezer Seaver. William Stedman. Samuel Taggart. Joseph B. Varnum. Peleg Wadsworth. Nicholas Gilman. Silas Betton. Caleb Ellis. NEW HAMPSHIRE. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. David Hough. Samuel Tenney. William Plumer. Thomas W. Thompson. John Condit. Ezra Darby. Ebenezer Elmer. NEW JERSEY. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. William Helms. John Lambert. Aaron Kitchel. James Sloan. Henry Southard. Samuel L. MitchilL John Blake, jun. George Clinton, jun. Silas Halsey. Henry W. Livingston. Josiah Masters. Gordon S. Mumford. NEW TORK. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. John Russell. Peter Sailly. Thomas Sammons. Martin G. Schuneman. David Thomas. Uri Tracy. John Smith. Philip Van Cortlandt. Killian K. Van Rensselaer. Daniel C. Verplanck. Eliphalet Wickes. Nathan Williams. David Stone. * Evan Alexander. 2 Willis Alston, jun.. William Blackledge. Thomas Blouut. Resigned in 1807. NORTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. James Holland. Thomas Keenan. Nathaniel Macon.8 Duncan McFarland. James Turner. Richard Stanford. Marmaduke Williams. Joseph Winston. Thomas Wynns. Elected in place of Nathaniel Alexander, elected governor by the legislature hi 1805: took his seat Feb. 24, 1806. Elected speaker Dec. 2, 1805. John Smith. OHIO. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVE. Jeremiah Morrow. Thomas Worthington. George Logan. PENNSYLVANIA. SENATORS. I Samuel Maclay. THE NINTH CONGRESS. 29 Isaac Anderson. David Bard. Robert Brown. Joseph Clay. Frederick Conrad. William Findley. REPRESENTATIVES. Andrew Gregg. John Hamilton. James Kelly. Michael Leib. 1 John Porter. 2 John Pugh. John Rhea. Jacob Richards. John Smilie. Samuel Smith. John Whitehill. Robert Whitehill. Election unsuccessfully contested by John Douglas ; resigned in 1806. Elected hi place of Michael Leib, resigned ; took b.ia seat Dec. 8, 1806. James Fenner. Nehemiah Knight. John Gaillard. William Butler. Levi Casey. 1 Elias Earle. Joseph Anderson. George W. Campbell. | Stephen R. Bradley. EHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. I SOUTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. Robert Marion. Thomas Moore. O Brien Smith. i Died Feb. 1, 1807. TENNESSEE. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. William Dickson. VERMONT. SENATORS. Benjamin Howland. Joseph Stanton. Thomas Sumter. David R. Williams. Richard Winn. Daniel Smith. | John Rhea. Israel Smith. REPRESENTATIVES. Martin Chittenden. | James Elliot. | James Fisk. | Gideon Olin. William B. Giles. Burwell Bassett. William A. Burwell. 1 John Claiborne. Christopher Clark. 2 Matthew Clay. John Clopton. John Dawson. John W. Eppes. VIRGINIA. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. James M. Garnett. Peterson Goodwyn. Edwin Gray. David Holmes. John G. Jackson. Walter Jones. Joseph Lewis, jun. John Morrow. Andrew Moore. Thomas Newton, jun. John Randolph. Thomas M. Randolph. John Smith. Philip R. Thompson. Abram Trigg. Alexander Wilson. Elected in place of Christopher Clark, resigned ; took his seat Dec. 1, 1806. * Resigned in 1806. INDIANA TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Benjamin Parke. 1 i Took his seat Dec. 12, 1805. MISSISSIPPI TERRITORY. DELEGATE. William Lattimore. ORLEANS TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Daniel Clark. 1 i Took his seat Dec. 1, 1806. 30 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. THE TENTH CONGEESS, First Session, from Oct. 26, 1807, to April 25, 1808. Second Session, from Nov. 7, 1808, to March 3, 1809. Vice-President. GEORGE CLINTON of New York. Presidents of the Senate pro tcmpore. SAMUEL SMITH of Maryland, elected April 16, 1808 ; STEPHEN R. BRADLEY of Vermont, elected Dec. 28, 1808; JOHN MILLEDGE of Georgia, elected Jan. 30, 1809. Secretary of the Senate. SAMUEL ALLYNE OTIS of Massachusetts. Speaker of the Ilouse. JOSEPH B. VARNUM of Massachusetts. Clerk of the House. PATRICK MAGRUDER of Maryland. Chauncey Goodrich. 5 Epaphroditus Champion. Samuel "V. Dana. John Davenport, jun. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. Jonathan O. Moseley. Timothy Pitkin, jun. Lewis B. Sturges. James Hillhouse. Benjamin Tallmadge. Elected in place of Uriah Tracy, deceased in 1807; took Ms seat Nov. 27, 1807. James A. Bayard. DELAWARE. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVE. Nicholas Van Dyke. Samuel White. William H. Crawford. 1 George Jones. 2 GEORGIA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. William W. Bibb. John Milledge. 8 | Howell Cobb. Dennis Smelt. George M. Troup. 1 Elected in place of Abraham Baldwin, deceased in 1807, George Jones having been appointed pro tern. ; took his seat Dec. 9, 1807. 2 Appointed hi place of Abraham Baldwin, deceased in 1807 ; took hia seat Oct. 20, 1807. * Elected president pro tern. Jan. 30, 1809. John Boyle. 1 Joseph Desha. John Pope. Buckner Thruston. KENTUCKY. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES . I Benjamin Howard. Richard M. Johnson. Took his seat Nov. 21, 1808. 2 Took his seat Jan. 9. 1809. Matthew Lyon. John Rowan. 2 Philip Reed. John Campbell. Charles Goldsborough. Philip B. Key. 2 * Elected president pro tern. April 16, 1808. MARYLAND. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. Edward Lloyd. William McCreery. 8 John Montgomery. 1 Election unsuccessfully contested. Joshua Barney. Samuel Smith. 1 Nicholas R. Moore. Roger Nelson. Archibald Van Home. 8 Election unsuccessfully contested by THE TENTH CONGRESS. 31 Ezekiel Bacon. Joseph Barker. John Chandler. Orchard Cook. Jacob Crowninshield. 8 Eichard Cutts. i Resigned in 1808. MASSACHUSETTS. SENATORS. John Quincy Adams. 1 James Lloyd, jun. 2 Timothy Pickering. REPRESENTATIVES. Josiah Deane. William Ely. Isaiah L. Greene. Daniel Ilsley. Edward St. Loe Livermore. Josiah Quincy. Ebenezer Seaver. William Stedman. Joseph Story.* Samuel Taggart. Jabez Upham. Joseph B. Varnum.6 igned in 1808. " Elected in place of John Quincy Adams, resigned; took his seat Nov. 7, 1808. s Died April 15 * Uected in place of Jacob Crowmnshield, deceased ; took his seat Dec. 20, 1808. Elected speaker Oct. 20, 1807. 1808. Nicholas Gilman. Peter Carlton. Daniel M. Durell. NEW HAMPSHIRE. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. Francis Gardner. Jedediah Smith. Nahum Parker. Clement Storer. John Condit. Adam Boyd. 1 Ezra Darby. 2 William Helms. NEW JERSEY. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. John Lambert. Thomas Newbold. James Sloan. Aaron Kitchel. Henry Southard. 1 Elected in place of Ezra Darby, deceased ; took his seat April 4, 1808. * Died Jan. 28, 1808. Samuel L. Mitchill. John Blake, jun. George Clinton, jun. Barnet Gardenier. John Harris. Eeuben Humphreys. William Kirkpatrick. NEW YORK. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. Josiah Masters. Gurdon S. Mumford. Samuel Eiker. John Eussell. Peter Swart. David Thomas. 1 John Smith. John Thompson. James J. Van Allen. Philip Van Cortlandt. Killian K. Van Eensselaer. Daniel C. Verplanck. Nathan Wilson. 2 1 Resigned in 1808. Elected in place of David Thomas, resigned; took his seat Nov. 7, 1808. Jesse Franklin. Evan Alexander. Willis Alston, jun. William Blackledge. Thomas Blount. NORTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. John Culpepper. 1 Meshack Franklin. James Holland. Thomas Kenan. James Turner. Nathaniel Macon. Lemuel Sawyer. Eichard Stanford. Marmaduke Williams. Seat contested by Duncan McFarland, and declared vacant Jan. 2, 1808, on account of inequalities in election: he was subsequently re-elected at new election, and took his seat Feb. 23, 1808. OHIO. SENATORS. Return Jonathan Meigs. 1 John Smith. 2 Edward Tiffin. REPRESENTATIVE. Jeremiah Morrow. Elected in place of John Smith, resigned; took his seat Jan. 6, 1809. * Tried by senate for complicity -with Aaron Burr; but resolution of expulsion negatived April 9, 1808: he resigned his seat April 25, 1808, in a letter to the governor. 32 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Andrew Gregg. Michael LeibJ David Bard. Robert Brown. Joseph Clay. 8 "William Findley. John Heister. William Iloge. Robert Jenkins. PENNSYLVANIA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. James Kelly. William Milnor. David Montgomery, jun. John Porter. John Pugh. John Rea. Jacob Richards. Samuel Maclay. 2 Matthias Richards. Benjamin Say.* John Smilie. Samuel Smith. Robert Whitehall. 1 Elected in place of Samuel Maclay, resigned ; took his seat Jan. 19, 1809. 2 Resigned in 1808. * Elected in place of Joseph Clay, resigned ; took his seat Nov. 1C, 1808. Resigned in 1808. Benjamin Howland. Richard S. Jackson. 2 KHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. Nehemiah Knight. 8 Elisha Matthewson. 1 Isaac Wilbour. 1 Elected in place of James Fenner, elected governor in 1807 ; took his seat Nov. 20, 1807. a Elected in place of Nehemiah Knight, deceased; took his seat Nov. 11, 1808. * Died hi 1808. John Gaillard. Lemuel J. Alston, jun. William Butler. Joseph Calhoun. SOUTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. Robert Marion. Thomas Moore. John Taylor. Thomas Sumter. David R. Williams. Richard Winn. Joseph Anderson. George W. Campbell. | TENNESSEE. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. John Rhea. Daniel Smith. Jesse Wharton. Stephen R. Bradley. 1 Martin Chittenden. James Elliot. VEEMONT. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. James Fisk. Samuel Shaw. 8 Jonathan Robinson. 2 James Witherall. 4 1 Elected president pro tern. Dec. 28, 1808. 2 Elected in place of Israel Smith, resigned in 1807; took his seat Oct. 26, 1807. 8 Elected in place of James Witherall, resigned ; took his seat Nov. 8, 1808. * Resigned in 1808. William B. Giles. Burwell Bassett. William A. Burwell. John Claiborne. 1 Matthew Clay. John Clopton. John Dawson. John W. Eppes. James M. Garnett. VIRGINIA. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas Gholson, jun. 2 Peterson Goodwin. Edwin Gray. David Holmes. John G. Jackson. Walter Jones. Joseph Lewis, jun. John Love. Andrew Moore. John Morrow. Thomas Newton, jun. Wilson Carey Nicholas. John Randolph. John Smith. Abram Trigg. Alexander Wilson. 1 Died in 1806. * Elected hi place of John Claiborne, deceased; took Ms seat Nov. 7, 1808. THE ELEVENTH CONGRESS. 33 INDIANA TERRITORY. DELEGATES. Benjamin Parke.i | Jesse B Thomag 2 Took his seat Oct. 28, 1807; resigned in 1808. * Elected in place of Benjamin Parke, resigned; took his seat Dec. 1, 1808. MISSISSIPPI TERRITORY. DELEGATE. George Poindexter. 1 1 Took his seat Oct. 26, 1807. ORLEANS TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Daniel Clark. THE ELEVENTH CONGEESS. First Session, from May 22, 1800, to June 28, 1809. Second Session, from Nov. 27, 1809, to May 1, 1810. Third Session, from Dec. 3, 1810, to March 3, 1811. Vice-President. GEORGE CLINTON of New York. Presidents of the Senate pro tempore. ANDREW GREGO of Pennsylvania, elected June 26, 1809 ; JOHN GAILLARD of South Carolina, elected Feb. 28, 1810, and again elected April 17,1810; JOHN POPE of Kentucky, elected Feb. 23, 1811. Secretary of the Senate. SAMUEL ALLYNE OTIS of Massachusetts. Speaker of the House. JOSEPH B. VAJRNUM of Massachusetts. Clerk of the House. PATRICK MAGRUDEB of Maryland. Samuel "W. Dana. 1 Chauncey Goodrich. Epaphroditus Champion. Samuel W. Dana. 1 John Davenport. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. Ebenezer Huntington. 8 Jonathan O. Moseley. Timothy Pitkin, jun. James Hillhouse. 2 Lewis B. Sturges. Benjamin Tallmadge. 1 Elected senator in place of James Hillhouse, resigned ; took his seat Dec. 3, 1810. * Resigned in 1810. Elected in place of Samuel W. Dana, elected senator; took his seat Dec. 3, 1810. James A. Bayard. Outerbridge Horsey. 1 DELAWARE. SENATORS. Samuel White. 2 REPRESENTATIVE. Nicholas Van Dyke. Elected in place of Samuel White, deceased; took his seat Jan. 29, 1810. * Died in 1809. 34 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. GEORGIA. SENATORS. "William H. Crawford. JohnMilledge. 1 Charles Tait. 2 REPRESENTATIVES. "William "W. Bibb. | Howell Cobb. | Dennis Smelt. | George M. Troup. 1 Resigned in 1809. * Elected in place of John Milledge, resigned ; took his seat Dec. 28, 1809. KENTUCKY. SENATORS. Henry Clay. 1 John Pope. 2 Buckner Thmston. 8 "William T. Barry. 4 Henry Crist. Joseph Desha. REPRESENTATIVES. Benjamin Howard. 5 Richard M. Johnson. Matthew Lyon. Samuel McKee. 1 Elected in place of Buckner Thruston, resigned; took his seat Feb. 5, 1810. 2 Elected president pro tern. Feb. 23, 1811. * Resigned in 1809. * Elected in place of Benjamin Howard, resigned; took his seat Dec. 13, 1810. 6 Resigned in 1810. Philip Reed. John Brown. 1 John Campbell. Charles Goldsborough. Philip B. Key. Resigned in 1810. MARYLAND. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. Alexander McKim. John Montgomery. Nicholas R. Moore. Roger Nelson. 2 Samuel Smith. Samuel Ringgold. 8 Archibald Van Home. Robert Wright. 4 Resigned in 1810. s Elected in place of Roger Nelson, resigned ; took his seat Dec. 7, 1810. in place of John Brown, resigned; took his seat Dec. 3, 1810. Elected James Lloyd, jun. Joseph Allen. 1 Ezekiel Bacon. William Baylies. 2 Abijah Bigclow. 8 Orchard Cook. Richard Cutts. William Ely. MASSACHUSETTS. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. Gideon Gardner. Barzillai Gannett. Edward St. Loe Livermore. Benjamin Pickman, jun. Josiah Quincy. Ebenezer Seaver. William Stedrnan. 4 Timothy Pickering. Samuel Taggert. Charles Turner, jun. 5 Jabez Upham. 6 Joseph B. Varnum. 7 Laban Wheaton. Ezekiel Whitman. 1 Elected in place of Jabez Upham, resigned: took hia seat Dec. 13, 1810. 2 Election successfully contested by Charles Tumer, jun. Elected in place of William Stedman, resigned; took his seat Dec. 14, 1810. * Resigned in 1810. Suc cessfully contested the election of William Baylies; took his seat June 28, 1809. 6 Resigned in 1810. 7 Elected speaker May 22, 1809. NEW HAMPSHIRE. SENATORS. Charles Cutts. 1 Nicholas Gilman. Nahum Parker. 2 REPRESENTATIVES. Daniel Blaisdell. I John C. Chamberlain. 1 Elected in place of Nahum Parker, resigned ; took his seat Dec. 3, 1810. William Hale. Nathaniel O. Haven. James Wilson. 1 Resigned 1810. John Condit. 1 Adam Boyd. James Cox. 2 William Helms. NEW JERSEY. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. Jacob Hufty. Thomas Newbold. John A. Scudder. 8 John Lambert. Henry Southard. 1 Appointed in plar-o of Aaron Kitcliel, resigned in 1809; took his seat May 24, 1809; subsequently elected by the legislature, and took hia scut Nov. GO, 18t)J. 2 Died in 1810. 3 Elected in place of James Cox, deceased; took his seat Doc 3, 1810. THE ELEVENTH CONGRESS. 35 Obadiah German. James Emott. Jonathan Fisk. Bareut Gardenier. Thomas R. Gold. Herman Knickerbocker. Robert Le Roy Livingstone. NEW YORK. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. Vincent Matthews. Samuel L. Mitchill.i Gurdon S. Mumford. John Nicholson. Peter B. Porter. Erastus Root. John Smith. Ebenezer Sage. Thomas Sammons. John Thompson. TJri Tracy. Killian K. Van Rensselaer. i Elected In place of Wffliam Denning, who was elected a member, but never qualified ; took his seat Dec. 4, 1810. Jesse Franklin. "Willis Alston, jun. James Cochran. Meshack Franklin. James Holland. NORTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES . Thomas Kenan. William Kennedy. Nathaniel Macon. Archibald McBride. James Turner. Joseph Pearson. Lemuel Sawyer. Richard Stanford. John Stanley. OHIO. SENATORS. Alexander Campbell. 1 Stanley Griswold. 2 Return Jonathan Meigs, jun. 3 Edward Tiffin. 4 Thomas Worthington. 6 REPRESENTATIVE. Jeremiah Morrow. * Elected in place of Edward Tiffin, resigned, Stanley Griswold having been appointed pro tern. ; took his seat Jan. 12 1810 Appointed in place of Edward Tiffin, resigned; took Ids seat June id, 1809. Resigned in 1810. Resigned in 1809 Elected in place of Return Jonathan Meigs, jun., resigned; took his seat Jan. 8, 1811. Andrew Gregg. 1 William Anderson. David Bard. Robert Brown. William Crawford. William Findley. Daniel Heister. Robert Jenkins. 1 Elected president pro tern. June 26, 1809. PENNSYLVANIA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Michael Leib. Aaron Lyle. Adam Seybert. 8 William Milnor. John Smilie. John Porter. George Smith. John Rea. Samuel Smith. Matthias Richards. Robert Whitehill. John Ross. Benjamin Say. 2 Resigned in 1809. * Elected in place of Benjamin Say, resigned ; took hia seat Nov. 27, 1809. RHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. Christopher G. Champlin. 1 Francis Malbone. 2 Elisha Matthewson. REPRESENTATIVES. Richard Jackson, jun. I Elisha R. Potter. 1 Elected in place of Francis Malbone, deceased ; took his seat Jan. 12, 1810. Died June 4, 1809. Lemuel J. Alston. William Butler. Joseph Calhoun. John Gaillard. 1 Thomas Sumter. 2 SOUTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Langdon Cheves. 4 Robert Marion. 5 Thomas Moore. John Taylor. 8 John Taylor. Richard Winn. Robert Witherspoon. a Elected i Elected president pro tern. Feb. 28. 1810, and April 17, 1810. * Took his seat Nov. 27, 1809 ; resigned in 1810. Elected uiator in place of Thomas Sumter. resigned; took his seat Dec. 31, 1810. Elected m place of Robert Marion, resigned, ok his seat Jan. 24. 1811. Resinned hi Ibll. 36 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. TENNESSEE. SENATORS. Joseph Anderson. Daniel Smith. 1 Jenkin Whiteside. 2 REPRESENTATIVES. Pleasant M. Miller. | John Rhea. | Robert "Weakley. 1 Resigned in 1809. * Elected in place of Daniel Smith, resigned; took his seat May 26, 1809. VERMONT. SENATORS. Stephen R. Bradley. | Jonathan Robinson. REPRESENTATIVES. William Chamberlin. | Martin Chittenden. | Jonathan H. Hubbard. | Samuel Shaw. Richard Brent. Burwell Bassett. James Breckenridge. William A. Burwell. Matthew Clay. John Clopton. John Dawson. John W. Eppes. David S. Garland.* VIRGINIA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas Gholson, jun. Peterson Goodwin. Edwin Gray. John G. Jackson. 2 Walter Jones. Joseph Lewis, jun. John Love. William McKinley. 8 William B. Giles. 1 Elected in place of Wilson C. Nicholas, resigned ; took his seat Jan. 17, 1810. John G. Jackson, resigned ; took his seat Dec. 21, 1810. Thomas Ne\vton. Wilson C. Nicholas. 4 John Randolph. John Iloane. Daniel Sheffey. John Smith. James Stephenson. Jacob Swoope. 2 Resigned in 1810. * Resigned in 1809. Elected in place of INDIANA TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Jonathan Jennings. * 1 Took his seat Nov. 27, 1809; election unsuccessfully contested on the ground of illegality. MISSISSIPPI TERRITORY. DELEGATE. George Poindexter. ORLEANS TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Julian Poydras. 1 * Took his seat May 31, 1809. THE TWELFTH CONGRESS. 37 THE TWELFTH CONGKESS, First Session, from Nov. 4, 1811, to July 6, 1812. Second Session, from Nov. 2, 1812, to March 3, 1813. Vice-president. GEORGE CLINTON! of New York. President of the Senate pro tempore. WILLIAM H. CRAWFORD of Georgia, elected March 24, 1812. Secretary of the Senate. SAMUEL ALLYNE OTIS of Massachu setts. Speaker of the House. HENRY CLAY of Kentucky. Cleric of the House. PATRICK MAGRUDER of Maryland. i Died April 20, 1812. Samuel W. Dana. Epaphroditus Champion. John Davenport, jun. Lyman Law. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. Jonathan O. Moseley. Timothy Pitkin, jun. Lewis B. Sturges. Chauncey Goodrich. Benjamin Tallmadge. James A. Bayard. DELAWAKE. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVE. Henry M. Ridgely. Outerbridge Horsey. William H. Crawford.* GEORGIA. SENATORS. I Charles Tait. REPRESENTATIVES. Howell Cobb. 3 I George M. Troop. Boiling HaU. 1 Elected president pro tern. March 24, 1812. Elected in place of Howell Cobb, resigned; took his seat Nov. 27, 1812. Resigned in 1812. William Barnett.* William W. Bibb. Henry Clay. 1 Joseph Desha. George M. Bibb. KENTUCKY. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. Richard M. Johnson. Samuel McKee. Elected speaker Nov. 4, 1811. John Pope. Anthony New. Stephen Ormsby. LOUISIANA. SENATORS. James Brown. 1 Allan B. Magruder. 3 Thomas Posey. 8 i Elected 1 * Took his seat Nov. 10, ioi_. - AMi vim*"* ... ^.^^ took bis seat Dec. 7, 1802. * Took bis seat Dec. 23, 1812. REPRESENTATIVE. Thomas Boiling Robertson.* 1812, having never taken his seatj took [oel Destrahan, resigned in 1812, 1 " 38 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Philip Keed. Stevenson Archer. Charles Goldsborough. Joseph Kent. MARYLAND. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. Philip B. Key. Peter Little. Alexander McKim. Samuel Smith. Samuel Ringgold. Philip Stuart. Robert Wright. Ezekiel Bacon. Abijah Bigelow. Elijah Brigham. Francis Carr.2 Richard Cutts. 8 William Ely. James Lloyd. MASSACHUSETTS. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. Isaiah L. Green. Josiah Quincy. William Reed. William M. Richardson. 4 Ebenezer Seaver. Samuel Taggert. Joseph B. Varnum. 1 Peleg Tallman. Charles Turner, jun. Laban Wheaton. Leonard White. William Widgery. Elected president pro tern. Took his seat June 3, 1812. Took Ms seat June 8, 1812. Took his seat Jan. 22, 1812. Charles Cutts. Josiah Bartlett. Samuel Dinsinoor. NEW HAMPSHIRE. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. Obel Hall. John A. Harper. Nicholas Gilman. George Sullivan. John Condit. Adam Boyd. Lewis Condit. NEW JERSEY. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. Jacob Hufty. George C. Maxwell. John Lambert. James Morgan. Thomas Newbold. Obadiah German. Daniel Avery. Harmanus Bleecker. Thomas B. Cooke. James Emott. Asa Fitch. Thomas R. Gold. NEW YORK. SENATORS. John Smith. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas P. Grosvenor. 1 Robert Le Roy Livingston. 2 Arunah Metcalf . Samuel L. Mitchill. William Paulding, jun. Benjamin Pond. Peter B. Porter. Ebenezer Sage. Thomas Sammons. Silas Stow. Uri Tracy. Pierre Van Cortlandt, jun. 1 Elected in place of Robert Le Roy Livingston, resigned; took his seat Jan. 29, 18ia a Resigned in 1812. Jesse Franklin. Willis Alston. William Blackledge. Thomas Blount. 1 James Cochran. Meshack Franklin. NORTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. William Kennedy. 2 William R. King. Nathaniel Macon. Archibald McBryde. Joseph Pearson. James Turner. Israel Pickens. Lemuel Sawyer. Richard Staiidford. 1 Died Feb. 7, 1812. * Elected in place of Thomas Blount, deceased ; took his seat Jan. 30, 1813. THE TWELFTH CONGRESS. 39 Alexander Campbell. OHIO. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVE. Jeremiah Morrow. Thomas Worthington. Andrew Gregg. William Anderson. David Bard. Robert Brown. William Crawford. Roger Davis. William Findley. PENNSYLVANIA. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. John M. Hyneman. Abner Lacock. Joseph Lefever. Aaron Lyle. James Milnor. William Piper. Michael Leib. Jonathan Roberts. William Rodman. Adam Seybert. John Smilie. George Smith. Robert Whitehall. EHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. Jeremiah B. Howell. | WiUiam Hunter. 1 REPRESENTATIVES. Richard Jackson, jun. | E ] isha E p o tter. 1 Elected in place of Christopher G. Champlin, resigned in 1811 ; took his seat Nov. 25, 1811. William Butler. John C. Calhoun. Langdon Cheves. John Gaillard. SOUTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Elias Earle. William Lowndes. Thomas Moore. John Taylor. David R. Williams. Richard Winn. Felix Grundy. Joseph Anderson. TENNESSEE. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. John Rhea. George W. Campbell. 1 John Sevier. 1 Elected hi place of Jenkin "Whiteside, resigned in 1811 ; took his seat Nov. 4, 1811. Martin Chittenden. VERMONT. SENATORS. Stephen R. Bradley. | Jonathan Robinson. REPRESENTATIVES. | James Fisk. | Samuel Shaw. | William Strong. Richard Brent. John Baker. Burwell Bassett. James Breckenridge. William A. Burwell. Matthew Clay. John Clopton. John Dawson. Thomas Gholson. VIRGINIA, SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. Peterson Goodwyn. Edwin Gray. Aylett Hawes. John P. Hungerford. 1 Joseph Lewis, jun. William McCoy. Hugh Nelson. Thomas Newton. William B. Giles. James Pleasants, jun. John Randolph. John Roane. Daniel Sheffey. John Smith. John Taliaferro. 2 Thomas Wilson. 1 Election successfully contested by John Taliaferro. 2 Successfully contested the election of John P. Ilungerford; took his seat Dec. 2, 1811. 40 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. ILLINOIS TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Shadrack Bond. 1 i Took his seat Dec. 3, 1812. INDIANA TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Jonathan Jennings. MISSISSIPPI TERRITORY. DELEGATE. George Poindexter. MISSOURI TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Edward Hempstead. 1 1 Took Ms seat Jan. 4, 1813. First Session, from May 24, 1813, to Aug. 2, 1813. Second Session, from Dec. 6, 1813, to April 18, 1814. Third Session, from Sept. 19, 1814, to March 2, 1815. Vice-President. ELBRIDGE GERRY* of Massachusetts. Presidents of the Senate pro tempore. JOSEPH B. VARNUM of Massachusetts, elected Dec. 6, 1813; JOHN GAILLARD of South Carolina, elected April 18, 1814; and again elected Nov. 25, 1814. Secretaries of the Senate. SAMUEL ALLYNE OTIS of Massachusetts; CHARLES CUTTS of New Hampshire, elected Oct. 11, 1814. Speakers of the House. HENRY CLAY of Kentucky; LANGDOST CHEVES of South Carolina, elected Jan. 19, 1814. Clerks of the House. PATRICK MAGRUDER of Maryland; THOMAS DOUGHERTY of Kentucky, elected Jan. 30, 1815. i Died Nov. 23, 1814. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. David Daggett. 1 | Samuel W. Dana. REPRESENTATIVES. Epaphroditus Champion. John Davenport, jun. Lyman Law. Jonathan O. Moseley. Timothy Pitkin. Lewis B. Sturges. Benjamin Tallmadge. 1 Elected in place of Cliauncey Goodrich, resigned hi 1813; took his seat May 24, 1813. DELAWARE. SENATORS. Outerbridge Horsey. | William H. Wells. 1 REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas Cooper. | Henry M. Ridgely. 1 Elected in place of James A. Bayard, resigned in 1813; took bis seat June 10, 1813. THE THIRTEENTH CONGRESS. 41 GEORGIA. SENATORS. William Wyatt Bibb. 1 William B. Bullock. 2 William Barnett. William W. Bibb. 1 Alfred Cuthbert.3 REPRESENTATIVES. John Forsvth. Boiling Hall. Thomas Telfair. Charles Tait. George M. Troup. i Elected senator in place of William H.Crawford, resigned in 1813, William B. Bullock having been appointed pro tern took his seat Dec. 6, 1813. " Appointed in place of William H. Crawford, resigned in 1813- took hk seat Mav 24 mn Elected in place of William W. Bibb, appointed senator ; took his seat Feb. 7, 1814 y 1813 William T. Barry.* George M. Bibb. 2 Jesse Bledsoe. 3 James Clark. Henry Clay.s Joseph Desha. William P. Duvall. KENTUCKY. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Joseph H. Hawkins J Samuel Hopkins. 8 Richard M. Johnson. 9 Samuel McKee. Isham Talbot. 4 George Walker. 6 Thomas Montgomery. Stephen Onnsby. Solomon P. Sharp. i Elected in place of George M. Bibb, resigned; took his seat Feb. 2, 1815. 2 Resigned in 1814. s Resigned in 1815 Elected in place of Jesse Bledsoe, resigned; took his seat Feb. 2, 1815. Appointed in place of George M. Bibb, resigned; took his seat Oct. 10, 1814. a Elected speaker May 24, 1813; resigned Jan. 19, 1814. Elected in place of Henry Clay resigned; took his seat March 29, 1814. Took his seat June 26, 1813. Took his seat March 7, 1814. James Brown. LOUISIANA. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVE. Thomas B. Robertson. Eligius Fromentin. MARYLAND. SENATORS. Robert Henry Goldsborough. | Stevenson Archer. Charles Goldsborough. Alexander C. Hanson. REPRESENTATIVES. Joseph Kent. Alexander McKim. Nicholas R. Moore. Samuel Smith. Samuel Ringgold. Philip Stuart. Robert Wright. Christopher Gore. 1 William Baylies. Abijah Bigelow. George Bradbury Portland. Elijah Brigham. Samuel Dana. 3 Samuel Davis Bath. Daniel Dewey. 4 William Ely. MASSACHUSETTS. SENATORS. Joseph B. Varnum. 2 REPRESENTATIVES. Levi Hubbard. John W. Hurlbert.6 Cyrus King Saco. James Parker. Timothy Pickering. John Reed. William Reed. William M. Richardson. 6 Nathaniel Ruggles. Samuel Taggert. Artemus Ward. Laban "NVheaton. John Wilson. Abiel Wood Wiscasset. > Elected president .pro tern, Dec. 6. i Appointed in place of James Lloyd, resigned in 1813; took his seat May 28, 1813. > ece presien .r , . . 1813. a Elected in place of William M. Richardson, resigned; took his seat Sept. 22, 1814. * Resigned in 1814. Elected in place of Daniel Dewey, resigned; took his seat Sept. 26, 1814. Took his seat June 22, 1813; resigned Apnl s, 1814. NEW HAMPSHIRE. SENATORS. Charles Cutts. 1 Nicholas Gilman. 2 Jeremiah Mason. 8 Thomas W. Thompson. 4 Daniel Webster. Jeduthan Wilcox. REPRESENTATIVES. Bradbury Cilley. I Samuel Smith. William Hale. I Roger Vose. i Appointed to fill vacancy during recess of the legislature; took his seat May 24, 1813 Died May 2 1814. * Elected for six years from March 4, 1813, Charles Cutts having been appointed pro tern.; took his seat June 21, 1813. JUected place of Nicholas Gilman, deceased ; took his seat Sept. 19, 1814.- 42 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. John Condit. Thomas Bines. 1 Lewis Condict. William. Cox. NEW JERSEY. SENATOES. I REPRESENTATIVES. Jacob Hufty. 2 James Schureman. Richard Stockton. John Lambert. Thomas Ward. 1 Elected in place of Jacob Hufty, deceased; took his seat Nov. 2, 1814. 2 Died in 1814. Obadiah German. Daniel Avery. Egbert Benson. 1 John M. Bowers. 2 Alexander Boyd. Oliver C. Comstock. Peter Denoyelles. Jonathan Fisk. James Gediles. Thomas P. Grosvenor. Abraham Ilasbrouck. 8 NEW YORK. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. Samuel Hopkins. Nathaniel Howell. William Irving. 4 Moss Kent. John Lefferts. John Lovett. Jacob Markftll. Morris S. Miller. Hosea Mottitt. Thomas I. Oakley. Ruf us King. Jotham Post, jun. Ebenezer Sage. Samuel Sherwood. Zebulon R. Shipherd. William S. Smith. John W. Taylor. Joel Thompson. Isaac Williams, jun.5 Elisha I. Winter. 1 Resigned in 1813. * Took his seat June 21. 1813 : his election was Lis seat June 28, 1813. * Elected in place of Egbert Benson, resigned; the election of John M. Bowers ; took his seat Jan. 24, 1814. successfully contested by Isaac Williams, jun. * Took took his seat Jan. 22, 1814. 6 Successfully contested David Stone. Willis Alston. John Culpeper. Peter Forney. Meshack Franklin. William Gaston. NORTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. William Kennedy. William R. King. Nathaniel Macon. William H. Murf ee. Joseph Pearson. James Turner. Israel Pickens. Richard Stanford. Bartlett Yancey. Joseph Kerr. 1 Jeremiah Morrow. John Alexander. Rezin Beall. 8 James Caldwell. OHIO. SENATORS. Thomas Worthington. 2 REPRESENTATIVES. David Clendenin. 4 William Creighton, jun. James Kilbouru. John McLean. 1 Elected in place of Thomas Worthington, resigned ; took his seat Dec. 30, 1814. * Resigned in * Elected m place of Rezin Beall, resigned; took his seat Dec. 22, 1814. 1814. Resigned in 1814. Abner Lacock. Michael Leib. 1 William Anderson. David Bard. Robert Brown. John Conard. William Crawford. Edward Crouch. 3 Roger Davis. William Findley. Hugh Glasgow. PENNSYLVANIA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. John Gloninger. 4 Isaac Griffins. Samuel Henderson. 6 John M. Hyneman. 6 Charles J. Ingersoll. Samuel D. Ingham. Jared Irwin. Aaron Lyle. William Piper. Jonathan Roberts. 2 John Rea. Jonathan Roberts. 2 Adam Seybert. Amos Slay maker. 7 Isaac Smith. Adam son Tannehill. Daniel Udree. 8 James Whitehill. 9 Thomas Wilson. i Resigned in 1814. * Elected senator in place of Michael Leib, resigned; took his seat Feb. 28, 1814. * Elected In place of John Gloninger, resigned; took his seat Dee. C. 1S13. 4 Resigned in 1813. 6 Elected in place of Jonathan Roberta, elected senator; took his seat Nov. 29, 1814. Resigned in 1813. * Elected in place of James Whitehill, resigned; took his seat Dec. 12, 1814. 8 Elected in place of John M. Uyneman, resigned; iu 1814. took his seat Dec. C, Ibl3. Resigned THE THIRTEENTH CONGRESS. 43 Jeremiah B. Howell. Richard Jackson, jun. EHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. I "William Hunter. Elisha R. Potter. John Gaillard. 1 John C. Calhoun. John J. Chapell. Langdon Cheves. 2 SOUTH CAEOLLNA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Elias Earle. David R. Evans. Samuel Farrow. John Taylor. Theodore Gourdin. John Kershaw. William Lowndes. 1 Elected president pro tern. April 18, 1814, and Nov. 25, 1814, on the death of the vice-president, Mr. Gerry * Elected speaker Jan. ID, 1814, in place of Henry Clay, resigned. John H. Bowen. Newton Cannon. 8 Felix Gruudy. 4 TENNESSEE. SENATORS. Joseph Anderson. George W. Campbell. 1 REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas K. Harris. 6 Perry W. Humphreys. John Ehea. Jesse "Wharton. 2 John Sevier. i Resigned in 1814. > Appointed in place of George \V. Campbell, resigned; took his seat April 9, 1814. Elected in place of Felix Grundy, resigned ; took his seat Oct. 15, 1S14. * Resigned in 1814. 6 Seat unsuccessfully contested by William Kelly. Dudley Chace. William C. Bradley. Ezra Butler. VEEMONT. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. James Fisk. Charles Rich. Jonathan Robinson. Richard Skinner. William Strong. James Barbour. 1 Richard Brent. 2 VIRGINIA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. William B. Giles. Philip P. Barbour.s Thomas M. Bayley. 4 James Breckenridge. William A. Burwell. Hugh Caperton. John Clopton. John Dawson. 6 John W. Eppes. Thomas Gholson. Peterson Goodwin. Aylett Hawes. John P. Hungerford. 6 John G. Jackson. James Johnson. 7 John Kerr. Joseph Lewis, jun. i Elected in place of Richard Brent, deceased; took his seat Jan. 11, 1815. * Died Dec. 30, 1814. Elected in place of John Dawson, deceased; took his seat Sept. 19, 1814. * Election unsuccessfully contested by Bunvell Bassett. Died March 30, 1814 6 Election unsuccessfully contested by John Taliaferro. 7 Took his seat Dec. 15, 1813. William McCoy. Hugh Nelson. Thomas Newton. James Pleasants, jun. John Roane. Daniel Sheffey. John Smith. Francis White. ILLINOIS TEERITOET. DELEGATES. ShadrackBond.i I Benjamin Stephenson. 2 1 Resigned in 1814. * Elected in place of Shadrack Bond, resigned; took his seat Nov. 14, 1814. INDIANA TEERITOKY. DELEGATE. Jonathan Jennings. 44 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. MISSISSIPPI TERRITORY. DELEGATE. , William Lattimore. 1 i Took his seat Dec. 6, 1813. MISSOURI TERRITORY. DELEGATES. Rufus Eastern. 1 | Edward Hempstead. 2 i Took his seat Nov. 16, 1814. Took his seat June 10, 1813. THE FOUKTEENTH CONGRESS. First Session, from Dec. 4, 1815, to April 30, 1816. Second Session, from Dec. 2, 1816, to March 3, 1817. Vice-President. 1 President of the Senate pro tempore. JOHN GAILLARD; again elected Dec. 2, 1816. Secre tary of the Senate. CHARLES CUTTS of New Hampshire. Speaker of the House. HENBY CLAY of Kentucky. Clerk of the House. THOMAS DOUGHERTY of Ken tucky. * Elbridge Gerry, Vice-President of the United States, died Nov. 23, 1814. David Daggett. Epaphroditus Champion. John Davenport, jun. Lyman Law. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. Jonathan O. Moseley. Timothy Pitkin. Lewis B. Sturges. Samuel "W. Dana. Benjamin Tallmadge. Outerbridge Horsey. Thomas Clayton. DELAWARE. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. I 1 Took his seat Jan. 10, 1816. William H. Wells.* Thomas Cooper. William W. Bibb. 1 Charles Tait. Zadock Cook.s Alfred Cuthbert.* John Forsyth. GEORGIA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Boiling Hall. Wilson Lumpkin. Thomas Telfair. George M. Troup. 2 Richard Henry Wilde. Resigned in 1816. * Elected in place of William W. Bibb, resigned ; took his seat Dec. 12, 1816. * Elected in place of Alfred Cuthbert, resigned ; took his Beat Jan. 23, 1817. Resigned in 1816. THE FOURTEENTH CONGRESS. 45 INDIANA. SENATORS. James Noble. 1 | Waller Taylor. 1 REPRESENTATIVE. William Hendricks. 2 i Took his seat Dec. 12, 1816. 2 Took his seat Dec. 2, 1816. KENTUCKY. SENATORS. William T. Barry. 1 I Isham Talbot. Martin D. Hardin. 2 James Clark. 8 Henry Clay. Joseph Desna. Benjamin Hardin. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas Fletcher. 5 Richard M. Johnson. Almy McLean. Samuel Mclvee. Stephen Ormsby. Solomon P. Sharpe. Micah Taul. 1 Resigned in 1816. * Appointed in place of William T. Barry, resigned; took his seat Dec. 5, 1816; subsequently elected by legislature. 3 Resigned in 1816. * Elected speaker Dec. 4, 1815. Elected in place of James Clark, resigned: took his seat Dec. 2, 1816. LOUISIANA. SENATORS. James Brown. | Eligius Fromentin. REPRESENTATIVE. Thomas B. Robertson. MARYLAND. SENATORS. Robert H. Goldsborough. Robert G. Harper. 2 Alexander Contee Hanson. 1 Stevenson Archer. John C. Herbert. Samuel Smith.* George Baer. Peter Little. 3 Philip Stuart. Charles Goldsborough. George Peter. 4 Robert Wright. Alexander C. Hanson. 1 William Pinkney. 6 1 Elected senator in place of Robert G. Harper, resigned ; took his seat Jan. 2, 1817. * Elected from Jan. 29, 1R16, to March 3, 1821 ; took his seat Feb. 5, 1816 ; resigned in 1810. 3 Elected in place of William Pinkney, resigned ; took his seat Dec. 2, 1816. Elected in place of Alexander C. Hanson, elected senator; took his seat Dec. 2, 1816. B Took his seat Jan. 8, 1816 ; resigned in 1816, Earing been appointed minister to Russia. Elected in place of Nicholas R. Moore, resigned in 1815; took his seat Feb. 4, 1816. MASSACHUSETTS. SENATORS. Eli P. Ashmun. 1 I Joseph B. Varnum. Christopher Gore. 2 REPRESENTATIVES. Benjamin Adams. 8 John W. Hurlburt. William Baylies. Cyrus King. George Bradbury. Elijah H. Mills. Elijah Brigham.4 Jeremiah Nelson. Benjamin Brown. Albion K. Parris. James Carr. 6 Timothy Pickering. Samuel S. Conner. John Reed. Thomas Rice. Nathaniel Ruggles. Asahel Stearns. 6 Solomon Strong. Samuel Taggert. Arternas Ward. 8 Laban Wheaton. i Elected in place of Christopher Gore, resigned ; took his seat Dec. 2, 1816. Resigned in 1816. Elijah Brigliam, deceased: tooklds seat Dec. 2, 1816. * Died Feb. 22, 1816. Took his seat Dec. 2, 1816. Jan. 15, 1816. NEW HAMPSHIRE. SENATORS. Jeremiah Mason. I Thomas W. Thompson. REPRESENTATIVES. Charles H. Atherton. I William Hale. 1 I ESSi^ToSSS Bradbury Cilley. Roger Vose. Jonathan Wilcor. Took his seat Jan. 15, 1816. Took his seat Feb. 7, 1816. 46 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. John Condit. Ezra Baker. Ephraim Bateman. James J. "Wilson. NEW JERSEY. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. Benjamin Bennett. 1 Lewis Condict. 1 Took his seat Jan. 15, 1816. 2 Took his seat Jan. 27, 1816. Henry Southard. Thomas Ward. 2 Rufus King. Asa Adgate. Daniel A very. 1 Samuel R. Betts. James Birdsall. Victory Birdseye. Micah Brooks. Daniel Cady. Archibald S. Clark.* Oliver C. Comstock. Henry Crocheron. NEW YORK. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas R. Gold. Thomas P. Grosvenor. Jabez D. Hammond. William Irving. 8 Moss Kent. John Lovett. Hosea Moffitt. Peter B. Porter. 4 Erastus Root. 6 John Savage. Nathan Sanford. Abraham H. Schenck. John W. Taylor. Enos T. Tliroop. 6 George Townsend. Jonathan Ward. Peter H. Wendover. James W. Wilkin. Westel Willoughby, jun. John B. Yates. 1 Elected in place of Enos T. Throop, resigned ; took his seat Dec. 3, 1816. * Elected in place of Peter B. Porter, resigned ; took his seat Dec. 2, 181C. Took his seat Jan. 22, 1816. * Resigned in 1816. 6 Successfully contested the election of John Adams; took his seat Dec. 26, 1815. Resigned in 1816. 7 Successfully contested the seat of William S. Smith; took his seat Dec. 13, 1815. Nathaniel Macon. 1 Montfort Stokes. 2 Joseph H. Bryan. James W. Clark. John Culpeper. Samuel Dickens. 4 Weldon N. Edwards. 6 Daniel M. Forney. NORTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. William Gaston. Charles Hooksi^ William R. King. 1 ? William C. Love. Nathaniel Macon. 1 William H. Murfee. James Turner. 8 Israel Pickens. Richard Stanford. Lewis Williams. Bartlett Yancey. 1 Elected senator in place of Francis Locke, resigned in 1815, having never taken his seat ; took his seat Dec. 13, 1815. * Elected in place of James Turner, resigned; took his seat Dec. 16, 1816. 3 Resigned in 1816. * Elected in place of Richard Stanford, deceased ; took his seat Dec. 2, 1816. B Elected in place of Nathaniel Macon, elected senator; took his seat Feb. 7, 1816. Elected in place of William R. King, resigned; took his seat Dec. 2. 1816. * Resigned in 1816. Died April 9, 1816. Jeremiah Morrow. John Alexander. James Caldwell. David Clendenin. OHIO. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. William Creighton, jun. William Henry Harrison. 1 James Kilbourn. 2 Benjamin Ruggles. John McLean. 8 1 Elected in place of John McLean, resigned ; took his seat Dec. 2, 1816. * Took his seat Jan. 29, 1817. s Resigned in 1816. Abner Lacock. Thomas Burnside. 1 William Crawford. William Darlington. William Findley.2 Hugh Glasgow. Isaac Griffin. John Hahn. Joseph Ileiater. PENNSYLVANIA. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. Joseph Hopkinson. Samuel D. Ingham. Jared Irwin. Aaron Llyle. William Maclay. William P. Maclay. 8 William Milnor. William Piper. Jonathan Roberts. John Ross. John Sergeant. Thomas Smith. James Wallace. John Whiteside. Thomas Wilson. William Wilson. Resigned in 1816. * Took his seat Dec. 2, 1816. * Elected in place of Thomas Burnside, resigned ; took his seat Dec. 3, 1816. THE FOURTEENTH CONGRESS. 47 Jeremiah B. Howell. John L. Boss, jun. RHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. I William Hunter. James B. Mason. John Gaillard. 1 William Smith.2. John C. Calhoun. John J. Cliappell. Benjamin Huger. William Lownd.es. SOUTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. Charleston. ! REPRESENTATI VES. William Mayrant. 4 Henry Middleton. Stephen D. Miller.s Thomas Moore. John Taylor. 8 John Taylor. William Woodward. President pro tern.; re-elected Dee. 2, 1816. * Elected in place of John Taylor, resigned- took his seat Jan 10 1817 * Resigned in 1816. * Resigned in 1816. Elected in place of William Mayrant, resided ; took his seat Jan 2, 1817. George W. Campbell. William G. Blount. 2 Mertoii Cannon. TENNESSEE. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES . Bennett H. Henderson. Samuel Powell. John Williams. 1 James B. Reynolds. Isaac Thomas. Elected in place of George W. Campbell, resigned in 1814; took his seat Dec. 4, 1815. s Took his seat Jan. 8, 1816. Dudley Chace. Daniel Chipman. Luther Jewett. VERMONT. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. Chauncey Laugdon. Asa Lyon. Isaac Tichenor. Charles Ma.rsh. John Noyes. James Barbour. Philip B. Barbour. Bunvell Bassett. Jarnes Breckenridge. William A. Burwell. John Clopton. 2 Thomas Gholson. 8 Peterson Goodwyn. Aylett Hawes. John P. Hungerford. VIRGINIA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. John G. Jackson. James Johnson. John Kerr. Joseph Lewis, jun. William McCoy. 4 Hugh Nelson. Thomas M. Nelson. 5 Thomas Newton. James Pleasants, jun. Armistead T. Mason. 1 1 Elected in place of William B. Giles, resigned in 1815 ; took his seat Jan. 22, 1816. * Election unsuccessfully contested by Robert Porterfield. 5 Elected in place of Thoma Dec. 4, 1816. 8 Elected in place of John Clopton, deceased; took his seat Dec. 17, 1816. John Randolph. William H. Roane. Daniel Sheffey. Ballard Smith. Magnus Tate. Henry St. George Tucker. JohnTyler.e s Died in 1816. 3 Died in 1816. Gholson, deceased; took Ms seat Nathaniel Pope. 1 ILLINOIS TERRITORY. DELEGATES. | Took his seat Dec. 2, 1816. Benjamin Stephenson. INDIANA TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Jonathan Jennings. 48 CONGRESSIONAL DIEECTOEY. MISSISSIPPI TERRITORY. DELEGATE. William Lattimore. MISSOURI TERRITORY. DELEGATES. Eufus Easton. | John Scott. 1 i Took his seat Dec. 2, 1816: his election was contested by Eufus Easton, and declared illegal, and seat vacant Jan. 13, 1817. THE FIFTEENTH CONGKESS, First Session, from Dec. 1, 1817, to April 20, 1818. Second Session, from Nov. 16, 1818, to March 3, 1819. Vice-President. DANIEL D. TOMPKINS of New York. Presidents of the Senate pro tempore. JOHN GAILLARD of South Carolina, again elected March 31, 1818 ; JAMES BARBOUR of Virginia, elected Feb. 15, 1819. Secretary of the Senate. CHARLES CUTTS of New Hampshire. Speaker of the House. HENRY CLAY of Kentucky. Clerk of the House. THOMAS DOUGHERTY of Ken tucky. David Daggett. Sylvester Gilbert. 2 Uriel Holmes. 8 Ebenezer Huntingdon. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. I EEPEESENTATIVES. Jonathan O. Moseley. Timothy Pitkin: Samuel B. Sherwood. Samuel W. Dana. 1 Nathaniel Terry. Thomas S. Williams. Took his seat April 9, 1818. * Elected in place of Uriel Holmes, resigned; took his seat Nov. 16, 1818. Resigned in 1818. Willard Hall. DELAWARE. SENATOES. Outerbridge Horsey. | Nicholas Van Dyke. EEPEESENTATIVES. I Louis McLane. John Forsyth. 1 Charles Tait. Joel Abbott. Thomas W. Cobb. Zadock Cook. GEORGIA. SENATOES. EEPEESENTATIVES. Joel Crawford. John Forsyth. 1 Robert Raymond Reed. 8 George M. Troup. 3 William Terrill. 1 Elected senator in place of George M. Troup, resigned; took his seat Nov. 23, 1818; resigned February, 1819. * Eesigned hi 1819. Elected hi place of John Forsyth, elected senator; took his seat Feb. 18, 1819. THE FIFTEENTH CONGRESS. 49 Ninian Edwards. 1 ILLINOIS. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVE. John McLean. 1 1 Took his seat Dec. 4, 1818. Jesse B. Thomas. 1 James Noble. INDIANA. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVE. William Hendricks. Waller Taylor. John J. Crittenden. Bichard C. Anderson, jun. Henry Clay. 1 Joseph Desha. Richard M. Johnson. KENTUCKY. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. Anthony New. Tunstall Quarles, jun. George Robertson. Thomas Speed. 1 Elected speaker Dec. 1, 1817. Isham Talbot. David Trimble. David Walker. Eligius Fromentin. LOUISIANA. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. Henry Johnson. 1 Thomas Butler.2 | Thomas B. Robertson. * 1 Elected in place of William C. C. Claiborne, deceased in 1817, having never taken his seat; took his seat Feb. 26, 1818. 2 Elected in place of Thomas B. Robertson, resigned ; took his seat Nov. 16, 1818. 8 Resigned in 1818. MARYLAND. SENATORS. Robert H. Goldsborough. Alexander C. Hanson. 1 Thomas Bayley. Thomas Culbreth. John C. Herbert. REPRESENTATIVES. Peter Little. George Peter. Philip Reed. * Took his seat Nov. 17, 1818. Samuel Ringgold. Samuel Smith. Philip Stuart. Eli P. Ashmun. 1 Prentiss Mellen. 2 MASSACHUSETTS. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Harrison Gray Otis. Benjamin Adams. Samuel C. Allen. Walter Folger, jun. Timothy Fuller. Joshua Gage. John Holmes. Enoch Lincoln. 4 1 Resigned in 1818. * Elected in Jan. 2, 1818. * Elected in place of Alt 6 "RoCirrrna/1 \-r\ 1Q1O 1 T .-wvli- Vin f,nn4- Tnn Jonathan Mason. Elijah H. Mills.* Marcus Morton. Jeremiah Nelson. Benjamin Orr. Albion K. Parris. 6 Thomas Rice. 7 place of Eli P. Ashmun, resigned; took ion K. Parris, resigned; took his seat Noi O-l 1Q1Q ft TVv,-L- liia caaf- -Ta-n 9ft 1 ft1 ft Nathaniel Ruggles. Zabdiel Sampson. Henry Shaw. Nathaniel Silsbee. Solomon Strong. Ezekiel Whitman. John Wilson. 8 liis seat Nov. 16, 1818. * Took his seat r. 16, 1818. Took hia seat Feb. 3, 1818. Resigned in 1818. * Took his seat Jan. 21, 1818. 8 Took his seat Jan. 26, 1818. Walter Leake. 1 MISSISSIPPI. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVE. George Poindexter. t Took his seat Dec. 11, 1817. Thomas H. Williams. 1 50 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Jeremiah Mason. 1 David L. Morrill. Josiah Butler. Clifton Claggett. NEW HAMPSHIRE. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Salma Hale. Arthur Livermore. Clement Storer. 2 John F. Parrott. Nathaniel Upharn. 1 Resigned in 1817. 2 Elected in place of Jeremiah Mason, resigned ; took his seat Dec. 1, 1817. NEW JERSEY. SENATORS. Mahlon Dickerson. | James J. Wilson. REPRESENTATIVES. Ephraim Bateman. Benjamin Bennett. Joseph Bloom field. Charles Kiiisey. John Linn. Henry Southard. Rufus King. Oliver C. Comstock. Daniel Cruger. John P. Cushman. John R. Drake. Benjamin Ellicott. Josiah Ilasbrouck. John Herkhner. Thomas H. Hubbard. "William Irving. NEW YORK. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. Dorrance Kirtland. Thomas Lawyer. David A. Ogden. 1 John Palmer. James Porter. John Savage. Philip J. Sehuyler. Treadwell Scudder. John C. Spencer. 1 Took his seat Jan. 8, 1818. Nathan Sanlord. Henry R. Storrs. James Tallmadge, jun. John W. Taylor. Caleb Tompkins. George Townsend. Peter II. Wcndover. llcnsselaer Westerlo. James W. Wilkins. Isaac Williams. Nathaniel Macon. Joseph H. Bryan. William Davidson. 1 Wehlen N. Edwards. Charles Fisher. 2 Daniel M. Forney. 8 NORTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES . Thomas H. Hall. George Mumford. 4 James Owen. Lemuel Sawyer. Thomas Settle. Montford Stokes. Jesse Slocumb. James S. Smith. James Stewart. 5 Felix Walker. Louis Williams. 1 Elected in place of Daniel M. Forney, resigned; took his seat Dec. 2, 1818. * Elected in place of George Mumford, deceased; took his seat Feb. 11, 1819. a Resigned in 1818. * Died Dec. 31, 1818. 6 Took bis seat Jan. 26, 1818. Jeremiah Morrow. Leyi Barber. Philemon Beecher. OHIO. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. John W. Campbell. William Henry Harrison. 1 Election unsuccessfully contested by C. Hammond. Benjamin Ruggles. Samuel Herrick. 1 Peter Hitchcock. Abner Lacock. PENNSYLVANIA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Jonathan Roberts. William Anderson. Henry Baldwin. Andrew Boden. Isaac Darlington. Joseph Heister. Joseph Hopkinson. Jacob Hostctter. 1 Samuel D. Ingham. 2 William Maclay. "William P. Maclay. David Marchaud. Robert Moore. Samuel Moore. 3 John Murray. Alexander Ogle. Thomas Patterson. Levi Pawling. Thomas J. Rogers. 4 1 Elected in place of Jacob Spangler, resigned ; took his seat Nov. 16, 1818. 2 Resigned in 1818. 3 Elected in place of Samuel D. lnghain. resigned; took Inn sent Nov. 10, 1U18. * Elected in place of John Ross, resigned; took his seat March 24, 1818. o Reigned hi 1818. Resigned hi 1S18. John Ross. 6 John Sergeant. Adam Seybert. Jacob Spangler. 8 Christian Tarr. James M. AVallace. John Whiteside. William Wilson. THE FIFTEENTH CONGRESS. 51 James Burrill, jun. John L. Boss, jun. EHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. I 1 Took his seat Jan. 9, 1818. William Hunter. James B. Mason. 1 John Gaillard. 1 Joseph Bellinger. Elias Earle. James Ervin. SOUTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. "William Lowndes. Henry Middlcton. Stephen 1). Miller. William Smith. President pro tern. 2 Took his seat Feb. 9, 1818 ; re-elected March 31, 1818. Wilson Nesbitt. Eldred Simkins.2 Sterling Tucker. George W. Campbell. 1 John Henry Eaton. 2 William G. Blount. Thomas Claiborne. TENNESSEE. SENATORS. John Williams. REPRESENTATIVES. Samuel Hogg. Francis Jones. George W. L. Marr. John Ithea. Resigned in 1818. * Appointed in place of George W. Campbell, resigned ; took his seat Nov. 16, 1818. Hem an Allen. 4 Samuel C. Crafts. 1 Resigned in 1817. Dudley Chace. 1 James Fisk. 2 VEEMONT. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. William Hunter. Orsainus C. Merrill. William A. Palmer. 8 Isaac Tichenor. Charles Rich. Mark Richards. * Elected in place of Dudley Chace, resigned ; took his seat Dec. 1, 1817 ; resigned in 1818. place of James Fisk, resigned ; took his seat Nov. 16, 1818. * Resigned in 1818. 8 Elected in James Barbour. 1 Archibald Austin. William Lee Ball. Philip 1*. Barbour. Burwell Bassett. AVilliam A. Bur\vell. Edward Colston. John Floyd. Robert S. Garnett. 1 Elected president pro tern. Mason. VIRGINIA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Peterson Goodwin. 2 James Johnson. William J. Lewis. William McCoy. Charles F. Mercer. 8 Hugh Nelson. Thomas M. Nelson. Thomas Newton. John W. Eppes. John Pejjram. 4 James Pindall. James Pleasants. Ballard Smith. Alexander Smyth. George F. Strother. Henrv St. George Tucker. John Tyler. Feb. 15, 1819. s Died Feb. 21, 1813. Election unsuccessfully contested by Armistead T. 4 Elected in place of Peterson Goodwin, deceased ; took his seat Nov. 16, 1818. ALABAMA TERRITORY. DELEGATE. John Crowell. 1 * Took his seat March 9, 1818. ILLINOIS TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Nathaniel Pope. MISSOURI TERRITORY. DELEGATE. John Scott. 52 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. THE SIXTEENTH CONGEESS, First Session, from Dec. 6, 1819, to May 15, 1820. Second Session, from Nov. 13, 1820, to March 3, 1821. Vice-President. DANIEL D. TOMPKINS of New York. Presidents of the Senate pro tempore. JAMES BARBOUR of Virginia; JOHN GAILLARD of South Carolina, elected Jan. 25, 1820. Secretary of the Senate. CHARLES CUTTS of New Hampshire. Speakers of the House. HENRY CLAY of Kentucky; JOHN W. TAYLOR of New York, elected Nov. 15, 1820. Clerk of the House. THOMAS DOUGHERTY of Kentucky. ALABAMA. SENATORS. "William R. King.* Cahawba. | John W. Walker 2 Huntsville. REPRESENTATIVE. John Crowell 2 St. Stephen s. 1 Took his seat Dec. 22, 1819. 2 Took his seat Dec. 14, 1819. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. Samuel W. Dana Middletown. I James Lanman Norwich. Henry W. Edwards. . .New Haven. Samuel A. Foot Cheshire. JonathanO. Moseley, EastHaddam. REPRESENTATIVES. Elisha Phelps Simsbury. John Ross Hartford. James Stevens Stamford. Gideon Tomlinson Fairfield. DELAWARE. SENATORS. Outerbridge Horsey Wilmington. | Nicholas Van Dyke New Castle. REPRESENTATIVES. Willard Hall Dover. | Louis McLane Wilmington. GEORGIA. . SENATORS. John Elliott Sunbury. | Freeman Walker 1 Augusta. Joel Abbott Washington. REPRESENTATIVES. Joel Crawford Milledge ville. I Robert R. Reid Augusta. Thomas W. Cobb Lexington. John A. Cuthbert Eatonton. | William Terrill Sparta. * Elected hi place of John Porsyth, resigned in 1819; took his seat Dec. 15, 1819. y *." ...* ILLINOIS. SENATORS. Ninian Edwards Edward sville. | Jesse B. Thomas Edwardsville. REPRESENTATIVE. Daniel P. Cook . .Kaskaskia. THE SIXTEENTH CONGRESS. 53 INDIANA. SENATORS. James Noble Brookville. | Waller Taylor REPRESENTATIVE. .Vincennes. "William Hendricks. .Madison. KENTUCKY. SENATORS. Richard M. Johnson 1 Great Crossing. | Isham Talbot 3 "William Logan 2 .Frankfort. Richard C. Anderson, jr. .Louisville. "William Brown Cynthiana. Henry Clay 4 Lexinucton. Benjamin Hardin Bairdstown. REPRESENTATIVES. Francis Johnson 5 . .Bowling Green. Alney McLean Greenville. Thomas Metcalfe Carlisle. Thomas Montgomery 6. . . .Stanford. Tunstall Quarles 1 ....... George Robertson ........ Lancaster. David Trimble ....... Montsterling. * David Walker* * Elected in place of John J. Crittenden, resigned in 1819; took his seat Jan. 3, 1820. 2 Resigned in 1820 place of^ymiam Jxjgan, resigned; took his seat Nov. 27, 1820. Elected speaker Dec. 6, " Elected in f LOUISIANA. SENATORS. James Brown. ...,,,. New Orleans. | Henry Johnson. . Donaldsonville. REPRESENTATIVE. Thomas Butler St. FrancisviUe. MAINE. SENATORS. John Chandler 1 Monmouth. | John Holmes * Falmouth. REPRESENTATIVE. Joseph Dane 2 Kennebunk. 1 Took his seat Nov. 13, 1820. 2 Elected in place of John Holmes, elected senator; took his seat Dec. 11, 1820. Edward Lloyd MARYLAND. SENATORS. .Easton. | William Pinkney . Baltimore. Stevenson Archer Belle Air. Thomas Bayley Princess Anne. Thomas Culbreth Denton. REPRESENTATIVES. Joseph Kent Bladensbnrg. Peter Little Freedom. Raphael Neale Leonard Town. Samuel Ringgold Hagerstown. Samuel Smith Baltimore. Henry R. Warn eld Middlebury. 1 Elected in place of Alexander C. Hanson, died in 1819 ; took his seat Jan. 4, 1820. Prentiss Mellen 1 Elijah H. Mills 2 , . .Northampton. MASSACHUSETTS. SENATORS. Harrison Gray Otis. .Boston. Benjamin Adams "Oxbridge. Samuel C. Allen Northfield. Joshua Cushman Edward Dowse 8 William Eustis 4 Boston. "Walter Folger, jun Nantucket. Timothy Fuller Boston. Benjamin Garham 5 Boston. REPRESENTATIVES. Mark L. Hill Aaron Hobart 6 John Holmes "> Jonas Kendall Leominster. Martin Kinsley Samuel Lathrop W. Springfield. Enoch Lincoln Jonathan Mason 8 . . . Marcus Morton Taunton. Jeremiah Nelson Newburyport. James Parker Zabdiel Sampson 9 . . . Henry Shaw Lanesborough. Nathaniel Silsbee Salem. Ezekiel Whitman 1 Resigned in 1820. * Elected in place of Prentiss Mellen, resigned; took his seat Dec. 1, 1820. Resigned in 1820. Elected in place of Edward Dowse, resigned ; took his seat Nov. 13, 1820. Elected in place of Jonathan Mason, resigned: took his seat Nov. 27, 1820. Elected in place of Zabdiel Sampson, resigned; took his seat Dec. 18, 1820. in 1820. s Resigned in 1S20. Resigned in 1820. 54 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. MISSISSIPPI. SENATORS. David Holmes l Washington. | Thomas H. Williams. Walter Leake 2 .Washington. REPRESENTATIVE. Christopher Rankin Natchez. 1 Elected in place of Walter Leake, resigned ; took his seat Nov. 13, 1820. 2 Resigned in 1820. NEW HAMPSHIRE. SENATORS. David L. Morril Goffstown. [ John F. Parrott. RE PRESENTATIVES. .Portsmouth. Joseph Buffum, jr. .Westmoreland. Josiah Butler S. Deerlield. Clifton Claggett Amherst. I William Plumer, jun Epping. Arthur Livermore Plymouth. | Nathaniel Upham Rochester. NEW JERSEY. SENATORS. Mahlon Dickerson Suckasunny. | James J. Wilson 2 . Samuel L. Southard 1 .Trenton. Ephraim Bateman Cedarville. Joseph Bloornfield Burlington. REPRESENTATIVES. Charles Kinsey 3 Patterson. John Linn 4 Monroe. Elected in place of James J. Wilson, resigned; took his seat Feb. 16, 1821. Feb. 16, 1820. * Died Jan. 5, 1821. Bernard Smith New Brunswick. Henry Southard Baskingridge. 2 Resigned in 1821. s Took his seat Rufus King. Nathaniel Allen. Caleb Baker. Walter Case. Robert Claik. Jacob H. DeWitt. John D. Dickinson. John Fay. William D. Ford. Ezra C. Gross. NEW YORK. SENATORS. I James Guyon, jun. 1 Aaron Hackley, jun. George Hall. Joseph S. Lyman. Henry Meigs. Robert Morrell. Harmanus Pec k. Nathaniel Pitcher. Jonathan Richmond. 1 Successfully contested the election of Ebenezer Sage; took his seat Jan. 14, 1820. of Ileiiry Clay, resigned. Nathan Sanf ord. Henry R. Storrs. Randall A. Street. James Strong. John W. Taylor. 2 Caleb Tompkins. Albert H. Tracey. Solomon Van Rensselaer. Peter H. Weadover. Silas Wood. 2 Elected speaker Nov. 15, 1820, in place Nathaniel Macon. William S. Blackledge. 1 Hutchins G. Burton. John Culpeper. William Davidson. Weldon N. Edwards. NORTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. Charles Fisher. Thomas H. Hall. Charles Hooks. Lemuel Sawyer. 2 Thomas Settle. Mountfort Stokes. 1 Elected in place of Jesse Slocumb, deceased; took his seat Feb. 7, 1821. Dec. 20, 1820. Jesse Slocumb. 8 James S. Smith. Felix Walker. Lewis Williams. 2 Took his seat March 25, 1820. Died Benjamin Ruggles. Philemon Beecher. Henry Brush. OHIO. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. John W. Campbell. Samuel Herrick. William A. Trimble. Thomas R. Ross. John Sloan. Walter Lowrie. PENNSYLVANIA. SENATORS. I Jonathan Roberts. THE SIXTEENTH CONGRESS. Henry Baldwin. Andrew Boden. William Darlington. George Dennison. Samuel Edwards. Thomas Forrest. David Fullerton. 1 Samuel Gross. Joseph Heister. 2 1 Resigned in 1820. * Resigned in 1820. REPRESENTATIVES. Joseph Hemphill. Jacob Hibohman. Jacob Hostetter. William P..Maclay. David Marc-hand. Thomas G. MeCnHough.8 Robert Moore. Samuel Moore. John Murray. Thomas Patterson. Robert Philson. Thomas J. Rogers. John Sergeant. Christian Tarr. Daniel Udree. 4 James M. Wallace. seat James Burrill, jun. 1 William Hunter. RHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. Nehemiah R. Knight. 2 REPRESENTATIVES. Samuel Eddy. , Nathaniel Hazard.s Died Dec. 25, 1820. * Elected in place of James BurriU, jun. , deceased ; took his seat Jan. 20, 1820. Died Dec. 17, 1820. Joseph Brevard. Elias Earle. James Ervin. SOUTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. John Gaillard.i | William Smith. REPRESENTATIVES. William Lowndes. Charles Pinckney. John McCreary. Eldred Simkins. James Overstreet. Sterling Tucker. Elected president pro tern. Jan. 25, 1820. John Henry Eaton. Robert Allen. Henry H. Bryan. TENNESSEE. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. Newton Cannon. John Cocke. John Williams. Francis Jones. John Rhea. William A. Palmer. VERMONT. SENATORS. Isaac Tichenor. REPRESENTATIVES. Rollin C. Mallory. 2 William Strong. Charles Rich. Mark Richards. 1 Election successfully contested by Rollin C. Mallory. 2 Successfully contested the election of Orasmus C. Merrill; took bia seat Jan. 14, 1820. Samuel C. Crafts. Ezra Meech. Orasmus C. Merrill. 1 James Barbour. 1 Mark Alexander. William S. Archer. 8 William Lee Ball. Philip P. Barbour. William A. Burwell. 4 John Floyd. Robert S. Garnett. John C. Gray. 5 Edward B. Jackson.6 VIRGINIA. SENATORS. I REPRESENTATIVES. James Johnson.? James Jones. William McCoy. Charles F. Mercer. Thomas L. Moore. 8 Hugh Nelson. Thomas Newton. Severn E. Parker. James Pindall. 9 James Pleasants. 2 James Pleasants. 10 John Randolph. Ballard Smith. Alexander Smyth. George F. Strother. 11 George Tucker. John Tyler. Thomas Van Swearingeu. Jared Williams. 1 President pro tern. 2 Elected in place of John \V. Eppcs, resigned in 1819; took his scat Dec. 14, 1819. Elected in place of James Pleasants, resigned; took his seat Jan. 18, lf-20. * Died Fob. 10, 1821. 6 Elected in place of James Johnson, resigned ; took liis seat Nov. 13, 1820. Elected in place of James Pindall, resigned ; took his seat Nov. 13. 1820. 7 Resigned 1111820. 8 Elected in place of George F. Strother, resigned ; took his seat Nov. 13, 18i;0. 8 Resigned in Ib20. I( > Resigned in 11 Resigned in 1820. 1819. 56 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. ARKANSAS TERRITORY. DELEGATE. James Woodson Bates. 1 * Took his seat March 2, 1820. MICHIGAN TERRITORY. DELEGATES. Solomon Sibley. 1 | William "W. "Woodbridge. 2 1 Elected in place of William W. Woodbridge, resigned; took his seat Nov. 20, 1820. * Took his seat Dec. 10, 1819; resigned in 1820. MISSOURI TERRITORY. DELEGATE. John Scott. First Session, from Dec. 3, 1821, to May 8, 1822. Second Session, from Dec. 2, 1822, to March 3, 1823. Vice-President. DANIEL D. TOMPKINS of New York. President of the Senate pro tempore. JOHN GAIL- LARD of South Carolina; again elected Feb. 1, 1822; and again elected Feb. 19, 1823. Secretary of the Senate. CHARLES CUTTS of New Hampshire. Speaker of the House. PHILIP P. BAKBOUR of Virginia. Clerks of the House. THOMAS DOUGHERTY of Kentucky; MATTHEW ST. CLAIH CLARKE of Pennsylvania, elected Dec. 3, 1822. ALABAMA. SENATORS. William Kelly John W. Walker 2 Huntsville. William R. King Cahawba. REPRESENTATIVE. Gabriel Moore * Elected in place of John W. Walker, resigned; took his seat Jan. 21, 1823. Resigned in 1822. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. Elijah Boardman Litchfield. | James Lanman Norwich. REPRESENTATIVES. Noyes Barber Groton. Daniel Burrows Hebron. Heury W. Edwards. . .New Haven. John Russ Hartford. Ansel Sterling Sharon. Ebenezer Stoddard Woodstock. Gideon Tomlinson Fairfield. DELAWARE. SENATORS. Caesar A. Rodney 1 Wilmington. | Nicholas Van Dyke New Castle. REPRESENTATIVES. Louis McLane Wilmington. | Caesar A. Rodney J Wilmington. | Daniel Rodney a ..,,,,. 1 Elected senator, and took his seat Jan. 24, 1822; resigned in 1823, having been appointed minister to Buenos Ayres. 2 Elected in place of Cajsar A. Rodney, elected senator ; took his seat Dec. 2, 1822. THE SEVENTEENTH CONGRESS. 57 GEORGIA. SENATORS. John Elliott Sunbury | Nicholas "Ware * Richmond. REPRESENTATIVES. Joel Abbott Washington. George R. Gibner Lexington. Robert R. Reid Augusta. Alfred Cuthbert, Edward F. Tattnall Savannah. Wiley Thompson Ellerton. Elected in place of Freeman Walker, resigned in 1821 ; took his seat Dec. 11, 1821. ILLINOIS. SENATORS. Ninian Edwards Edwardsville. | Jesse B. Thomas Edwanlsville* REPRESENTATIVE. Daniel P. Cook Edwaidsyille. INDIANA. SENATORS. James Noble Brookville. I Waller Taylor REPRESENTATIVES. William Hendricks l Madison. | Jonathan Jennings 2 * Resigned in 1822. * Elected in place of William Hendricks, resigned; took his seat Dec. 2, 1822. Vincennes. Richard M. Johnson. James D. Breckenridge. . . Benjamin Hardin Bairdstown. Francis Johnson . . .Bowling Green. John T. Johnson Georgetown. KENTUCKY. SENATORS. .Great Crossings. | Isham Talbot..., REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas Metcalf e Carlisle. Thomas Montgomery Stanford. Anthony New Elkton. John S. Smith Richmond. .Frankfort. David Trimble Mount Sterling. Samuel H. Woodson . . . Lexington. LOUISIANA. SENATORS. James Brown New Orleans. | Henry Johnson Donaldsonville. REPRESENTATIVE. Josiah S. Johnson Alexandria. MAINE. SENATORS. John Chandler Monmouth. | John Holmes Alfred, REPRESENTATIVES. Joshua Cushman Winslow. Joseph Dane Kennebunk. Mark Harris l Portland. Ebenezer Herrick Lewiston. Mark L. Hill Phipsburg. Enoch Lincoln Paris. Ezekiel Whitman 2 Portland. William D. Williamson Bangor. 1 Elected in place of Ezekiel Whitman, resigned ; took his seat Dec. 2, 1822. * Resigned in 1822. MARYLAND. Edward Lloyd Easton. William Pinkney l Baltimore. SENATORS. Samuel Smith 2 . .Baltimore. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas Bayly Princess Ann. Jeremiah Causden^ Elkton. Joseph Kent Bladensburg. Peter Little Freedom. 1 Died Feb successfully c< * Successfully Isaac McKim 4 Raphael Neale Leonardstown. John Nelson Frederick Town. Philip Reed 5 Samuel Smith 2 Baltimore. Henry R. Warfield Middleburg. Robert Wright Queenstown. Election . 8, 1823. 58 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. James Lloyd l Elijah H. Mills Northampton. MASSACHUSETTS. SENATORS. Harrison Gray Otis 2 .Boston. Samuel C. Allen Northfield. Gideon Barsto\v Salem. Francis Baylies Taunton. REPRESENTATIVES. William Eustis Boston. Timothy Fuller Boston. Benjamin Gorliani Boston. Louis Bieelow Petersham. Aaron Hobart Hanover. Henry W. Dwight Stockbridge. Samuel Lathrop . .West Springlield. Jeremiah Nelson . . . . Ne \v bury port. John Reed Yarmouth, Jonathan Russell Mendon. 1 Elected in place of Harrison Gray Otis, resigned; took his seat Dec. 2, 1822. 2 Resigned in 1822. MISSISSIPPI. SENATORS. David Holmes Washington. I Thomas H. Williams Washington. REPRESENTATIVE. Christopher Rankin Natchez. MISSOURI. SENATORS. David Barton St. Louis, j Thomas H. Benton St. Louis. REPRESENTATIVE. John Scott St. Genevieve. NEW IIAMPSIIIEE. SENATORS. David L. Morrill Goffstown. | John F. Parrott Portsmouth. REPRESENTATIVES. Josiah Butler S. Deerfield. Aaron Matson Keene. Nathaniel Upham Rochester. Matthew Harvey Hopkinton. William Plumer, jun Epping. Thomas Whipple, jun. . Wentworth. NEW JERSEY. SENATORS. Mahlon Dickerson Suckasunuy. | Samuel L. Southard < Trenton. REPRESENTATIVES. Ephraim Bateman Lendsville. Lewis Condit Morristown. James Matlack Woodbury. George Cassady Hackensack. George Holcombe Allentown. Samuel Swan Soraerville. NEW YOEK. SENATORS. Rufus King New York. | Martin Van Buren Albany. REPRESENTATIVES . Charles Borland, jr. 1 . Wardsbridge. Elisha Litclifield Delphi. John W. Taylor. . .Ballston Springs. Churchill C. Cambreleng. .X. York. Richard M Carty Coxsacbie. Albert H. Tracy Buffalo. Samuel Campbell Columbus. John J. Morgan New York. Stephen Van Rensselaer 3 . .Albany. Cadwallader D. Colden 2 . .N. York. Walter Patterson Livingston. Solomon Van Rensseiaer 4 .Albany. Alfred Conkling Canajoharie. Jeremiah H. 1 ierson ... William W. Van Wyck .. .Fislikiil. John D Dickerson Troy. Nathaniel Pitcher Sandy Hill. Reuben H. Wai worth . . Plattsburg. John Gebhard Scohane. William P>. Rochester Bath. Silas Wood Huntingdon. John Hawkes Richfield. Charles H. Haggles Kingston. David Woodcock Ithaca. Thomas H. Hubbard Hamilton. Elijah Spencer Joseph Kirkland Utica. Micah Sterling Watertown. 1 Elected in place of Selali Tuthill, deceased in 1S21 ; took his seat Dec. 3.1S21. 2 Successfully contested the election of Peter Sharpe; took his seat Dec. 12, 1821. Elected in place of Solomon Van Rensselaer, resigned; took his seat March 12, 1822. * Resigned Jan. 14, 1822. Nathaniel Macon NORTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. ..Monroe. I Montfort Stokes. .Wilkesborough. William S. Blackledge . . .Newborn. Hutchins G. Burton Halifax. Henry Conner Falls Town. Josiali Crudnp Raleigh. Weldou N. Edwards. . .Warrenton. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas H. Hall Tarborough. Charles Hooks Dupliii C. H. John Lon-; Lindlv s Store. Archibald M<:Neill. . .M Nill a Store. Romulus Sanders Milton. Lemuel Sawyer Elizabeth City. Felix Walker Waynesvillo. Lewis Williams Panther Creek. THE SEVENTEENTH CONGRESS. Ethan Allen Brown * Benjamin Ruggles St. Clairsville. OHIO. SENATORS. William A. Trimble " . Levi Barber Point Hanner. John W. Campbell West Union. REPRESENTATIVES. David Chambers Zanesville. Thomas II. Ross Lebanon. John Sloan Wooster. John Vance Urbaua. i Elected in place of William A. Trimble, deceased; took his seat Jan. 15, 1822. 2 Died Dec. 13, 1821. William Findley. PENNSYLVANIA. SENATORS. .Franklinton. | Walter Lowrie . REPRESENTATIVES. Henry Baldwin l Pittsburg. | Walter Forward 3 John Brown Lewistown. j Samuel Cross James Buchanan Lancaster. Joseph Hemphill . . . William Darlington .West Chester. George Denison Wilkesbarre. Samuel Edwards Chester. Patrick Fenelly Meadville. Jolm Findley Chambersburg. Thomas Forrest 2 Samuel I). Ingham 4 . James M. Sherry William Milnor 5 . . . Trap. .Philadelphia. . . . Petersburg. Philadelphia. James S. Mitchell Rossville. Samuel Moore 6 Doylestown. Thomas Murray, jun .Milton. .Butler. Thomas Patterson .W. Middletown. John Phillips Hnmmelstown. George Plumer Ilobbstown. Thomas J. Rogers Easton. John Sergeant Philadelphia. Andrew Stewart Union town. John Tod Bedford. Daniel Udree " Ludwig Worman 8 Potstown. 1 Resigned in 1822. 2 Elected in place of William Milnor, resigned; took his seat Deo. 2, 1822. s Elected in place of Hemy Baldwin, resigned; took his seat Dec. 2, 1822. 4 Elected in 1822. 6 Resigned in 1822. Resigned in 1S22. t Elected ii 1822. Died in 1822. icled in place of Samuel Moore, resigned; took his seat Dec. 2, 3d in place of Ludwig Worman, deceased ; took his seat Dec. 23, RHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. James D Wolf Bristol. | Nehemiah R. Knight Providence. REPRESENTATIVES. Job Dnrfee Tiverton. | Samuel Eddy Providence. John Gaillard 1 . James Blair 2 Camden. John Carter 3 Joseph Gist Pinckneyville. Andrew 11. Go van 4 . SOUTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. Pendleton. | William Smith . . REPRESENTATIVES. James Hamilton, jun. 5 . . . William Lowndes 6 George M Dufiie Edgeneld. Thomas R. Mitchell . . .Georgetown. .Pinckneyville. James Overstreet T King Creek. Joel R. Poinsett Charleston. Sterling Tucker . .Mountain Shoals. John Wilson Golden Grove. 1 Elected president pro tern. Feb. 1, 1822, and Feb. 19, 1823. 2 Resigned in 1822. * Elected in place of James Blair, , deceased; took his seat Dec. 4, 1822. Elected resigned ; took his seat Dec. 11, 1822. 4 Elected in place of James Overstreet. in place of William Lowndes, resigned ; took his seat Jan. G, 1823. Resigned in 1822. Died in 1822. TENNESSEE. SENATORS. John Henry Eaton Nashville. | Jolm Williams Knoxville. REPRESENTATIVES. Robert Allen Carthage. I Newton Cannon Harpeth. I Francis Jones Winchester. Henry H. Bryan* Palmyra. | Jolm Cocke Rutledge. | Jolm Rhea Sulivan. 1 Reported to have been duly elected by the committee on elections Feb. 17, 1823; but appears never to have taken his seat. VERMONT. SENATORS. Danville. | Horatio Seymour . REPRESENTATIVES. Samuel C. Crafts Graf tsbury. Rollin C. Mallory Poultney. Elias Key es Stockbridge. Jolm Mattocks William A. Palmer. .Middlebnry. Charles Rich Shoreham. Phineas White Putney. 60 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. James Barbour Barbomsville. James Pleasants l Goochland C. H. VIRGINIA. SENATORS. John Tavlor 2 . Mark Alexander . Lombardy Grove. "William S. Archer. . . .Amelia C. H. William Lee Ball Nuttsville. Philip P. Barbour 8 . . .Lucketsville. Burwell Bassett Williamsburg. John Floyd Newbern. Robert S.^Garnett Lloyds. Edward B. Jackson Clarksburg, James Jones Hendersonvilje. REPRESENTATIVES. Jabez Leftwich Liberty. William M Coy Franklin. Charles F. Mercer Alclie. Thomas L. Moore Warrenton. Hugh Nelson Milton. Thomas Newton Norfolk. John Randolph Charlotte C. H. Arthur Smith Smithfield. William Smith Louisburg. Alexander Smyth Wythe. James Stephenson 4 Alexander Stevenson . . .Richmond. George Tucker Lynchburg. Thomas Van Swearingen, 6 Shepherdstown. Jared Williams Newton. Resigned in 1822. 2 Elected in place of James Pleasants, resigned; took Ills seat Dec. 30, 1822. 1821. * Elected in place of Thomas Van Swearingen, deceased; took his seat Dec. 2, 1822. s Elected speaker Dec. 4, Died in 1822. ARKANSAS TERRITORY. DELEGATE. James W. Bates l Arkansas. 1 Election unsuccessfully contested by M. Lyon. FLORIDA TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Joseph M. Hernandez l . 1 Took his seat Jan. 3, 1823. MICHIGAN TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Solomon Sibley Detroit. THE EIGHTEENTH CONGKESS, First Session, from Dec. 1, 1823, to May 27, 1824. Second Session, from Dec. 6, 1824, to March 3, 1825. Vice-president. DA KIEL D. TOMPKINS of New York. President of the Senate pro tempore. JOHN GA JLLARD of South Carolina; again elected May 21, 1824. Secretary of the Senate. CHARLES CUTTS of New Hampshire. Speaker of the House. HENRY CLAY of Kentucky. Clerk of the House. MATTHEW ST. CLAIB CLARKE of Pennsylvania. ALABAMA. SENATORS. WUliam Kelly | William R. King Cahawba. REPRESENTATIVES. JolmM Kee Tuscaloosa. | Gabriel P. Moore Huntsville. | George W. Owen Claiborne. THE EIGHTEENTH CONGRESS. 61 CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. Henry W. Edwards* New Haven. | James Lanman REPRESENTATIVES. Noyes Barber .Norwich. Gideon Tomlinson Fairneld. Samuel Whitman ;on. I Ansel Sterling Sharon Samuel A. Foot Cheshire. | Ebenezer Stoddard Woodstock! i Appointed in place of Elijah Boardman, deceased in 1823; took his seat Dec. 1, 1823; subsequently elected by the legislature. DELAWARE. SENATORS. Thomas Clayton* | Nicholas Van Dyke 2 REPRESENTATIVE. Louis McLane Wilmington. i Elected in place of Caesar A. Rodney, resigned in 1823; took his seat Jan. 15, 1824. * Took his seat Jan. 14, 1824. GEORGIA. SENATORS. Thomas W. Cobb * Greensborough. Nicholas Ware 2 . John Elliott Sunbury. REPRESENTATIVES. Alfred Cuthbert Eatonton. .Richmond. Joel Abbott Washington. George Cary Appling. Thomas W. Cobb 1 . Greensborough. John Forsyth Augusta. Edward F. Tattnall 3 Savannah. Wiley Thompson Ellerton. Richard Henry Wilde 4 . . . 1 Elected senator in place of Nicholas Ware, deceased ; took his seat Dec. 6, 1824. 2 Took his seat Jan. 10, 1824; died Sept 7 s sea t March 27, 1824. * Elected in place of Thomas W. Cobb, elected senator; took bis seat Feb. 7, 1825. 1824. ILLINOIS. SENATORS. Ninian Edwards l Edwardsville. i Jesse B. Thomas Edwardsville. John McLean 2 REPRESENTATIVE. Daniel P. Cook Edwardsville. 1 Resigned in 1824, having been appointed minister to Mexico. 2 Elected in place of Ninian Edwards, resigned; took his seat Dec. 20, 1824. INDIANA. SENATORS. James Noble Brookville. | Waller Taylor Vincennes. REPRESENTATIVES. Jonathan Jennings Charleston. I John Test Brookvillo. William Prince * Princeton. | Jacob Call 2 Princeton. 1 Died in 1824. 2 Elected in place of "William Prince, deceased; took his seat Dec. 23, 1824. KENTUCKY. SENATORS. Richard M. Johnson Great Crossings. | Isham Talbot Frankfort. REPRESENTATIVES. Richard A. Buckner. . .Greensburg. John T. Johnson Georgetown. Philip Thompson Yellow Banks. Henry Clay i Lexington. Robert P. Letcher Lancaster. David Trimble Mount Sterling. Robert P. Henry Hopkinsville. Thomas Metcalfe Carlisle. David White New Castle. Francis Johnson . . .Bowling Green. Thomas P. Moore Harrodsburg. Charles A. Wickliffe. . . .Bardstown. 1 Elected speaker Dec. 1, 1823. LOUISIANA. SENATORS. Dominique Bouligny i I Henry Johnson 3 Donaldsville. James Brown 2 j Josiah S. Johnston 4 REPRESENTATIVES. William L. Brent. .St. Martinsville. | H. H. Gurley Baton Rouge. | Edward Livingston. . .New Orleans. Elected in place of Henry Johnson, resigned; took his seat Dec. 21, 1824. Resigned Dec. 10, 1823, having been appointed minister to France. 3 Resigned in 1824. * Elected in place of James Brown, resigned; took his seat March 14 ib<si. 62 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. John Chandler , "William Burleigh S. Berwick. Joshua Cusliman AVinslow. Ebenezer Herrick Bowdoinliam. MAINE. SENATORS. Monmouth. | John Holmes Alfred. REPRESENTATIVES. David Kidder Norridgewock. Jeremiah O Brien Machias. Enoch Lincoln Paris. Stephen Longfellow Portland. Edward Lloyd. William Hayward, jun Easton. Joseph Kent Bladensburg. John Lee Peters villo. MARYLAND. SENATORS. Easton. | Samuel Smith . . . REPRESENTATIVES. Peter Little Freedom. Isaac McKim Baltimore. George E. Mitchell Elkton. .Baltimore. Raphael Neale Leonardstown. Jolin S. Spence Poplartown. Henry E. Wariield Middleburg. James Lloyd MASSACHUSETTS. SENATORS. . . .Boston. | Elijah Hunt Mills REPRESENTATIVES. .Northampton. Samuel C. Allen Green. John Bailey 1 Canton. Francis Baylies Taunton. Benj. W. Crowninshicld Salem. Henry W. Dwight Stockbridge. Timothy Fuller 1 Boston. Aaron Hobart Hanover. Samuel Lathrop ~W. Springiield. John Locke Ashby. Jeremiah Nelson Xewburyport. John Reed Jonas Sibley Daniel Webster. Yarmouth. Worcester. Boston. 1 Seat declared vacant March 18, 1824 ; elected, and toolc bia seat Dec. 13, 1824. MISSISSIPPI. SENATORS. David Holmes Washington. | Thomas H. Williams Washington. REPRESENTATIVE. Christopher Rankin Natchez. MISSOURI. SENATORS. David Barton St. Louis. | Thomas H. Benton St. Louis. REPRESENTATIVE. John Scott St. Geuevieve. NEW HAMPSHIRE. SENATORS. Samuel Bell Chester. | John F. Parrott Portsmouth. REPRESENTATIVES. Ichabod Bartlett Portsmouth. I Artlmr Livermore Plymouth. William Plumer, jun Epping. Matthew Harvey Hopkinton. | Aaron Matson Stoddard. Thomas Whipple, jun. . Wentworth. NEW JERSEY. SENATORS. Mahlon Dickerson Suckasunny. | Joseph M llvaine * Burlington. George Cassady Hackensack. Lewis Condict Morristown. REPRESENTATIVES. Daniel Garrison Salem. George Holcombe Allentown. James Matlack Woodbury. Samuel Swan Somerville. 1 Elected in place of Samuel L. Southard, resigned in 1823 ; took his seat Dec. 1, 1823. Rufus King. NEW YORK. SENATORS. .New York. | Martin Van Buren. .Albany. THE EIGHTEENTH CONGRESS. 63 Parmenio Adams 1 Batavia. John W. Cad.v Johnstown. Churcliill C. Cambreleng. .N. York. Lot Clark Norwich. Ela Collins Lowville. Hector Craig Chester. Rowland Day Simpronius. Justin Dwinell Ca/enovia. Lewis Eaton Schoharie Bridge. Charles A. Foote Delhi. Joel Frost Carmel. Moses Hayden York. REPRESENTATIVES. John Herkhner Danube. James L. Hogeboora Castleton. Lemuel Jenkins Bloomingbnrg. Sam l Lawrence. Johnson s Settl mt. Elisha Litclifield Delphi Henry C. Martindale. . .Sandy Hill! Dudley Marvin Canandaigua. John J. Morgan New York. John Richards Johnsburg. Robert R. Rose Geneva. Peter Sharpe New York. Henry R. Storrs Whitestown. James Strong City of Hudson. John W. Taylor . .Ballston Springs. Egbert Ten Eyck Watertown. Albert H. Tracy Buffalo. Jacob Tyson Castletown. Stephen Van Rensselaer ..Albany. William Van Wyck Fishkill. Isaac Williams. Cooperstown. Isaac Wilson 2 Middleburg. Silas Wood Huntingdon. William Woods Bath i Successfully contested the election of Isaac Williams; took his seat Jan. 7, 1824. 2 Election successfully contested by Parmenio Adams. J Htttchins G. Burton * Halifax. Henry W. Conner. .Sherrill s Ford. John Culpeper Lawrenceville. Weldon N. Edwards . . . Warrenton. Alfred M. Gatlin Edentou. NORTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. Enfield. | Nathaniel Macon. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas H. Hall Tarborough. Charles Hooks Dupfin. .Monroe. John Long . ..Lindley s Store. Willie P. Mangnm Hillsborough. George Outlaw 2 . . . Romulus M. Saunders Milton. Richard D. Spaight Newbern. Robert B. Vance Nashville. Lewis Williams Panther Creek. Resigned in 1821. 2 Elected in place of Hutchins G. Burton, resigned; took his seat Jan. 19, 1825. Benjamin Ruggles. Mordecai Bart-ley Mansfield. Philemon Beecher Lancaster. John W. Campbell West Union. James W. Gazlay Cincinnati. Duncan M Arthur Chillicotlie. OHIO. SENATORS. .St Clairsville. I Ethan Allen Brown. .Cincinnati. REPRESENTATIVES. William M Lane Pigua. John Patterson St. Clairsville. Thomas R. Ross Lebanon. Joseph Sloane Wooster. Joseph Vance Urbana. Samuel T. Vinton Gallipolis. Elisha Whittlesey Canfield. William Wilson Newark. John C. Wright Steubenville. William Findlev James Allison Beaver. Samuel Breck Philadelphia. John Brown Lewistown. James Buchanan Lancaster. Samuel Edwards Chester. William Cox Ellis Muncy. Patrick Farrelly Meadville. John Findlay Chambersburg. Walter Forward Pittsburg. Robert Harris Harrisburg. PENNSYLVANIA. SENATORS. Franklinton. | Walter Lowrie. REPRESENTATIVES. Joseph Hemphill Samuel I). Ingham George Kreamer Samuel M Kean Philip S. Markley Daniel H. Miller Philadelphia. New Hope. Lewisburg. Burlington. Norristown. James S. Mitchell ........ Roseville. Thomas Patterson, W. Middletown. George Plumer ......... Robbstown. Thoiiias J. Rogers * ......... Easton. Andrew Stewart Uniontown. Alexander Thompson 2 Bedford. John Tod 3 Bedford. Daniel Udree Reading. Isaac Wayne Warren. Henry Wilson Allentown. James Wilson Fairtield. George Wolf 4 Easton. 1 Resigned 1824. 2 Elected in place of John Tod, resigned; took his seat Dec. 6, 1824. 3 Resigned in 1824 place of Thomas J. Rogers, resigned ; took his seat Dec. 9, 1824. 4 Elected in RHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. James D Wolf Bristol. | Nehemiah K. Knight Providence. REPRESENTATIVES. Job Durfee Tiverton. | Samuel Eddy Providence. John Gaillard 1 . Robert B. Campbell. . .Brownsville. John Carter Camden. Joseph Gist Pinckueyville. SOUTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. Pendleton. | Robert Y. Hayne. REPRESENTATIVES. Andrew R. Govan Orangeburg. James Hamilton, jun. . .Charleston. George M Duilie Edgefield. President pro tern. ; re-elected May 21, 1824. .Charleston. Joel R. Poinsett Charleston. Starling Tucker . .Mountain Shoals. John Wilson Golden Grove. 64 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. John Henry Eaton . Adam R. Alexander Jackson. Robert Allen Carthage. John Blair Jonesborough. TENNESSEE. SENATORS. Nashville. | Andrew Jackson , REPRESENTATIVES. John Cocke Rutledge. Samuel Houston Nashville. Jacob C. Isacks "Winchester. .Nashville. James B. Reynolds . . .Clarkesville. James T. Sandford Columbia. James Standefer Pikeville. VERMONT. SENATORS. "William A. Palmer Danville. | Horatio Seymour . REPRESENTATIVES. .Middlebury. "William C. Bradley . ."Westminster. Daniel A. A. Buck Chelsea. Samuel C. Crafts Craftsbury. Rolliii C. Mallary Poultney. Henry Olin 1 Charles Rich 2 Shoreham. 1 Elected in place of Charles Rich, deceased; took his seat Dec. 13, 1824. Died in 1824. VIRGINIA. James Bavbour Barboursville. John Taylor l Port lloyal. SENATORS. Littleton W. Tazewell 2 Mark Alexander, Lombardy Grove. William S. Archer Amelia C.H. "William Lee Ball 8 Nuttsville. John S. Barbour Culpeper C.H. Philip P. Barbour Luckettsville. Burwell Bassett Williamsburg. John Floyd Newbern. Robert S. Garnett Lloyds. REPRESENTATIVES. Joseph Johnson Bridgeport. Jabez Leftwich Liberty. William McCoy Franklin. Charles F. Mercer Aldie. Thomas Newton Norfolk. John Randolph Charlotte C.H. William C. Rives Milton. Arthur Smith Smithiield. William Smith Lewisburg. Alexander Smyth Wythe. James Stephenson Martinsburg. Andrew Stevenson Richmond. John Taliaf erro 4 George Tucker Lynchburg. Jared Williams Newton. 1 Took his seat Feb. 9, 1824; died in 1824. * Elected in place of John Taylor, deceased; took his seat Dec. 29, 1824. Died Feb. 28, 1824. * Elected in place of William Lee Ball, deceased; took his seat April 8, 1824. ARKANSAS TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Henry W. Conway Little Rock. FLORIDA TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Richard K. Call. MICHIGAN TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Gabriel Richards i Detroit. 1 Election unsuccessfully contested by John Biddlo. THE NINETEENTH CONGRESS. 65 THE NINETEENTH CONGKESS. First Session, from Dec. 5, 1825, to May 22, 1826. Second Session, from Dec. 4, 1826, to March 3, 1827. Vice-President,. JOHH C. CALHOUN of South Carolina. Presidents of the Senate pro tcmpore. JOHN GAILLARD of South Carolina, elected March 9, 1825, in special session; NATHANIEL MACOK of North Carolina, elected May 20, 1826, and again elected Jan. 2, 1827, and again elected March 2,^.827. Secretaries of the Senate. CHARLES CCTTS of New Hampshire; WALTER LOWRIE of Pennsylvania, elected Dec. 12, 1825. Speaker of the House. JOHN W. TAYLOR of New York. Clerk of the House. MATTHEW ST. CLAIR CLARKE of Pennsylvania. ALABAMA. SENATORS. Henry Chambers 1 Madison. John McKinley 2 .Huntsville William R. King Cahawba. Israel Pickens REPRESENTATIVES. John McKee Tuscaloosa. | Gabriel Moore Huntsville. | George W. Owen Claiborne. 1 Died Jan. 25, 1826. 2 Elected in place of Henry Chambers, deceased, Israel Pickens having been appointed pro tern. ; took his seat Dec. 21, 1826. 8 Appointed in place of Henry Chambers, deceased; took his seat April 10, 1826. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. Henry W. Edwards New Haven. | Calvin Willey l Toland. REPRESENTATIVES. John Baldwin Windham. I Ralph J. Ingersoll New Haven. Elisha Phelps Simsbury. Noyes Barber Groton. | Orange Merwin New Milford. Gideon Tomlinson Fannington. 1 Elected in place of James Lanman, appointed during recess of legislature, but whom the senate declared not entitled to a seat. DELAWARE. SENATORS. Thomas Clayton Dover. Henry M. Ridgely 2 Dover. Daniel Rodney l Nicholas Van Dyke 3 .New Castle. REPRESENTATIVE. Louis McLane .Wilmington. 1 Appointed in place of Nicholas Van Dyke, deceased ; took his seat Dec. 4, 1826. 2 Elected in place of Nicholas Van Dyke, deceased, Daniel Rodney having been appointed pro tern. ; took his seat Jan. 23, 1827. * Died in 1826. GEORGIA. SENATORS. John McPherson Berrien Savannah. | Thomas W. Cobb .jGreensborough. REPRESENTATIVES. George Carey Appling. Alfred Cuthbert Eatonton. John Forsyth Augusta. Charles E. Haynes Sparta. James Merriwether Athens. Edward F. Tattnall Savannah. Wiley Thompson Elberton. ILLINOIS. SENATORS. EliasK. Kane Kaskaskia. | Jesse B. Thomas Edwardsville. REPRESENTATIVE. Daniel P. Cook . . Edwardsville. 66 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. INDIANA. SENATORS. "William Hendricks Madison. | James Noble Brookville. REPRESENTATIVES. Ratliff Boon Booneville. | Jonathan Jennings Charleston. | John Test Brookville. Richard M. Johnson. Richard A. Buckner . . .Greensburg. James Clark Winchester. John F. Henry 1 Robert P. Henry 2 . . . Hopkinsvftle. Francis Johnson. . ..Bowling Green. KENTUCKY. SENATORS. .Great Crossings. | John Rowan REPRESENTATIVES. James Johnson 2 . . .Great Crossings. Joseph Lecompte New Castle. Robert P. Letcher Lancaster. Robert McHatton 3 . . . .Georgetown. Thomas Metcalfe Carlisle. .Louisville. Thomas P. Moore Harrodsburg. David Trimble Mount Sterling. Charles A. Wickliffe. . . .Bardstown. William S. Young .Elizabeth Town. Elected in place of Robert P. Henry, deceased; took his seat Dec. 11, 1826. 2 Died in 1826. Johnson, deceased; took his seat Dec. 7, 1826. 8 Elected in place of Jamea LOUISIANA. SENATORS. Dominique Bouligny New Orleans. | Josiah S. Johnston Donaldsville. REPRESENTATIVES. William L. Brent . .St. Martinsville. | Henry H. Gurley Baton Rouge. | Edward Livingston . .New Orleans. John Chandler John Anderson Portland. William Burleigh . .South Berwick. Ebenezer Herrick Bowdoinham. MAINE. SENATORS. Monmouth. | John Holmes . . . REPRESENTATIVES. David Kidder Norridgewock. Enoch Lincoln l Paris. Jeremiah O Brien Machias. .Alfred. Pel eg Sprague , James W. Ripley 2 . .Hallowell. , .Fryeburg. Resigned in 1826, having been elected governor. 2 Elected in place of Enoch Lincoln, resigned; took his seat in December, 1826. MARYLAND. SENATORS. Ezekiel F. Chambers * Chestertown. Samuel Smith Edward Lloyd 2 Easton. .Baltimore. John Barney Baltimore. Clement Dorsey. . .Fen wicks Town. Joseph Kent 3 Bladensburg. John Leeds Kerr Easton. REPRESENTATIVES. Peter Little Freedom. Robert N. Martin. . . .Princess Ann. George E. Mitchell Elkton. George Peter Damestown. John C. Weems 4 Waterloo. Thomas C. Worthington, Fredericktown. Elected in place of Edward Lloyd, resigned; took his seat Feb. 22, 1826. 2 Resigned in 1826. Resigned Jan. 6, 1826; having been elected governor. * Elected in place of Joseph Kent, resigned ; took his seat Feb. 7, 1826. MASSACHUSETTS. SENATORS. James Lloyd 1 Boston. I Nathaniel Silsbee 2 Elijah Hunt Mills Northampton. | .Salem. Samuel C. Allen Greenfield. John Bailey Canton. Francis Baylies Taunton. Benjamin W. Crowninshield, Salem. John Davis Worcester. REPRESENTATIVES. Henry W. D wight Stookbridge. Edward Everett Cambridge. Aaron Hobart E. Bridgewater. Samuel Lathrop . . . . W. Springfield. John Locke Ashby. John Reed Yarmouth. John Varnum Haverhill. Daniel Webster Boston. Resigned in 1826. 2 Elected in place of James Lloyd, resigned; took his seat Dec. 4, 1826. THE NINETEENTH CONGRESS. 67 MISSISSIPPI. SENATORS. Powhatan Ellis 1 Winchester. I Thomas B Reed 3 David Holmes 2 Washington, j Thomas H. Williams. REPRESENTATIVES. WUliam Haile^ Woodville. | Christopher Rankin i Appointed in place of David Holmes, resigned in 1825; took his seat Dec. 12 1825 * F 1 6 ? f ^ DaV1 ? HO T^ r e fg? ed " 1825, Powhatan Ellis having been appointed o tern - Elected in place of Christopher Rankin, deceased; took hia seat Dec. 4, 1826. Died March 147l826. .Washington. Natchez. In 1825. Elected in his seat March 11, 1826. MISSOURI. SENATORS. David Barton St. Louis. | Thomas H. Benton. REPRESENTATIVE . John Scott. St. Louis. .St. Gene vie ve. NEW HAMPSHIRE. SENATORS. Samuel BeU Chester. | Levi Woodbury REPRESENTATIVES. lehabod Bartlett Portsmouth. Titus Brown Francestown. .Portsmouth. Nehemiah Eastman . . . Farmington. Joseph Healey Washington. _TrTmf:liar TTo i \T-OTT C!n++ *-- TiV.,-1 *! Tin,;,-. i ~ .1 TTT Jonathan Harvey Sutton. Thomas Whipple, jun. . Wentworth. Ephraim Bateman l Mahlon Dickerson Suckasunny. NEW JERSEY. SENATORS. Joseph Mcllvaine 2 Burlington. George Cassecly Hackensack. Lewis Condict Morristown. REPRESENTATIVES. Daniel Garrison Salem. George Holcombe Allentown. Samuel Swan Somerville. Ebenezer Tucker Tuckerton. 1 Elected hi place of Joseph McHvaine, deceased; took his seat Dec. 7, 1826. * Died hi 1826. Nathan Sanford l . Parmenio Adams Attica. William G. Angel Burlington. Henry Ashley Catskill. Luther Badger Janesville. Churchill C. Cauibreleng. .N. York. William Deitz Court House. Nicoll Fosdick Morristown. Daniel G. Garnsey Fredonia. John Hallock, jun Ridgeberry. Abraham B. Hasbrouck. .Kingston. Moses Hayden York. Michael Hoffman. Herkimer. NEW YORK. SENATORS. , Albany. | Martin Van Bur en. REPRESENTATIVES. Daniel Hugunin, jun Oswego. Charles Humphrey Ithaca. Jerornus Johnson New York. Charles Kellogg Kellogsville. William McManus Troy. Henry Markell Palatine. Henry C. Martindale. . .Sandy Hill. Dudley Marvin Canandaigua. John Miller Truxton. Timothy H. Porter Olean. Robert S. Rose Geneva. Henry H. Ross Essex. .Albany. Joshua Sands Brooklyn. Henry R. Storrs Whitestown. James Strong City of Hudson. John W. Taylor 2 .Ballston Springs. Egbert Ten Eyck Watertown. Stephen Van Rensselaer . . .Albany. Gulian C. Verplanck New York. Aaron Ward Mt. Pleasant. Barton White Fishkill. Elisha Whittelnore . . . Silas Wood Huntingdon. 1 Took his seat Jan. 31, 1826. 2 Elected speaker Dec. 6, 1825. John Branch. NORTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. . .Enfield. I Nathaniel Macon 1 . .Monroe. Willis Alston Hyde Park. Daniel L. Barringer 2 Raleigh. John K. Bryan Newbern. Samuel P. Carson. Pleasant Garden. Henry W. Conner . .Sherrill s Ford. 1 Elected president pro tern. May 20, 1826. REPRESENTATIVES. Weldon N. Edwards. ...Warrenton. Richard Hines Edgecombe. Gabriel Holmes Clinton. John Long Long s Mills. Archibald McNeilLMcNeffl s Store. Willie P. Mangum 8 .Red Mountain. Romulus M. Saunders Milton. Lemuel Sawyer Elizabeth. Lewis Williams Panther Creek. 2 Elected in place of Willie P. Mangum, resigned; took his seat Dec. 4, 1826. 8 Resigned March 18, 1826. 68 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. "William Henry Harrison Mordecai Bartley Mansfield. Philemon Beecher Lancaster. John W. Campbell. . . .West Union. James Findlay Cincinnati. David Jennings x ... .St. Clairsville. OHIO. SENATORS. Cincinnati. | Benjamin Ruggles. REPRESENTATIVES. "William McLean Piqua. Tliomas Shannon 2 Barnesville. Jolm Sloane Wooster. John Thompson Chillicothe. Joseph Vance Urbana. .St. Clairsville. Samuel F. Vinton Gallipolis. Elisha Whittlesey Canlield. "William Wilson Newark. John Woods Hamilton. John C. Wright Steubenville. 1 Resigned in 1826. 2 Elected in place of David Jennings, resigned ; took his seat Dec. 4, 1824. William Findlay . William Addams .......... Reading. James Buchanan ........ Lancaster. Samuel Edwards ........... Chester. Patrick Farrelly 1 ........ Meadville. John Findlay. .1 ---- Chambersburg. Chauncey Forward 2 ..... Somerset. Robert Harris .......... Harrisburg. Joseph Hemphill 3 . . .Philadelphia. Samuel D. Ingham Thomas Kittera 4 . . . New Hope. .Philadelphia. PENNSYLVANIA. SENATORS. Pittsburg. | William Marks . , REPRESENTATIVES. Jacob Krebs 5 Orwigsburg. George Kremer Lewisburg. Joseph Lawrence. Washington. Samuel M Kean Burlington. Philip S. Markley Norristown. Daniel H. Miller Philadelphia. Charles Miner West Chester. James S. Mitchell Roseville. John Mitchell Bellefonte. Robert Orr Kittanning. .Pittsburg. George Plumer Robbstown. Thomas H. Sills Erie. James S. Stevenson Pittsburg. Andrew Stewart Uniontown. Alexander Thomson ? Bedford. Espy Van Home Williamsport. Henry Wilson 8 Allentown. James Wilson Fairlield. George Wolf Easton. John Wurts Philadelphia. 1 Died Jan. 12, 1826 2 Elected in place of Alexander Thomson, resigned; took his seat Dec. 4, 1826. 3 Resigned in 1826. 4 Elected in place of Joseph Hemphill, resigned; took his seat Dec. 4, 1820. 6 Elected in place of Henry Wilson, deceased; took his seat Dec. 4, 182(i. o Elected in place of Patrick Farrelly, deceased; took his seat April 3, 1826. Re signed in 1826. 8 Died in 1826. RHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. James D Wolf 1 Bristol. Asher Robbins 2 Newport. Nehemiah R. Knight Providence. REPRESENTATIVES. Tristam Burges Providence. | Dutee J. Pearce Newport. 1 Resigned 1825. 2 Elected in place of James D Wolf, resigned; took his seat Dec. 5, 1825. SOUTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. John Gaillard * Pendleton. William Harper 2 Robert Y. Hayne Charleston. William Smith 3 Charleston. John Carter Camden. William Dray ton Charleston. Joseph Gist Pinckneyville. REPRESENTATIVES. Andrew R. Govan Orangeburg. James Hamilton Charleston. George McDuffie Edgeiield C.H. Thomas R. Mitchell . ..Georgetown. Starling Tucker . .Mountain Shoals. John Wilson Golden Grove. 1 Elected president pro tern. March 9, 1825, special session; died Feb. 26, 1826. 2 Appointed in place of John Gaillard, deceased ; took his seat March 28, 1826. 3 Elected in place of John Gaillard, deceased, William Harper having heen appointed pro tern. ; took his seat Dec. 7, 1826. TENNESSEE. SENATORS. John H. Eaton Nashville. Hugh Lawson White 2 , Andrew Jackson l Nashville. .Knoxville. Adam R. Alexander Jackson. Robert Allen Carthage. John Blair Jonesborough. REPRESENTATIVES. John Cocke Rutledge. Samuel Houston Nashville. Jacob C. Isacks Winchester. John H. Marable Yellow Creek. James C. Mitchell Athena. James K. Polk Columbia. Resigned in 1825. * Elected in place of Andrew Jackson, resigned in 1825; took his scat Dec. 12, 1825. THE TWENTIETH CONGEESS. 69 VERMONT. SENATORS. Dudley Chase Randolph. | Horatio Seymour Middlebury. REPRESENTATIVES. William C. Bradley . .Westminster. Rollin C. Mallary Poultney. John Mattocks Pearham . I George E. Wales Hartford Ezra Meech Shelburn. | VIRGINIA. SENATORS. James Barbour 1 Barboursville. I Littleton W. Tazewell . . Norfolk John Randolph 2 Charlotte. | Mark Alexander Lombardy. William S. Archer Tuntilston. William Armstrong Romney. John S. Barbonr Culpeper C.H. Burwell Bassett, Williamsburg. Nathaniel H. Claiborne .Rocky Mt. George W. Crump 8 .Cumberl d C.H. Thomas Davenport Meads ville. REPRESE NTAT1 VES . Benjamin Estill Abingdon. John Floyd Newbern. Robert S. Garnett Lloyds. Joseph Johnson Bridgeport. William McCoy Franklin. Charles F. Mercer Aldie. Thomas Newton Norfolk. Alfred H. Powell Winchester. William C. Rives Milton. William Smith Lewisburg. Andrew Stevenson Richmond. John Taliaferro Fredericksburg. Robert Taylor Orange C.H. James Trezrant Jerusalem. i Resigned in 1825. 2 Elected in place of James Barbour, resigned in 1825; took his seat Dec. 26, 1825. Took his seat Feb. 6, 1826. ARKANSAS TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Henry W. Conway Little Rock. FLORIDA TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Joseph M. White Pensacola. MICHIGAN TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Austin E. Wing Detroit. THE TWENTIETH CONGKESS, First Session, from Dec. 3, 1827, to May 26, 1828. Second Session, from Dec. I, 1828, to March 3, 1829. Vice-President. JOHN C. CALHOTTN of South Carolina. Presidents of the Senate pro tempore. NATHANIEL MACON of North Carolina, elected May 15, 1828, and declined; SAMUEL SMITH of Maryland, elected May 15, 1828. Secretary of the Senate. WALTER LOWKIE of Pennsylvania. Speaker of the House. ANDREW STEVENSON of Virginia. Clerk of the House. MATTHEW ST. GLAIR CLARKE of Pennsylvania. ALABAMA. SENATORS. William R. King Selma. | John McKinley Huntsville. REPRESENTATIVES . JohnMcKee Tuscaloosa. | Gabriel Moore Huntsville. | George W. Owen Claiborne. 70 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTOEY. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. Samuel A. Foot Cheshire. | Calvin Willey. REPRESENTATIVES . John Baldwin Windham. Noyes Barber Groton. .Toland. Ralph J. Ingersoll New Haven. Orange Merwin New Milford. Elisha Phelps Simsbury. David Plant Stratford. DELAWARE. SENATORS. Louis McLane Wilmington. | Henry M. Ridgely Dover. REPRESENTATIVE. Kensey Johns, jun New Castle. GEORGIA. SENATORS. John McPherson Berrien Savannah. Oliver H. Prince 2 Macon. Thomas W. Cobb x Greensborough. REPRESENTATIVES. John Floyd Jefferson. Charles E. Haynes Sparta. Richard H. Wilde Tomlinson Foot Milledgeville. Wilson Linnpkin Madison. George R. Gilruer Lexington. Wiley Thompson. Elberton. 1 Resigned in 1828. Elected in place of Thomas W. Cobb, resigned; took his seat Dec. 1, 1828. ILLINOIS. SENATORS. Elias K. Kane Kaskaskia. | Jesse B. Thomas Edwardsville. REPRESENTATIVE. Joseph Duncan Brownsville. INDIANA. SENATORS. William Hendricks Madison. | James Noble Brookville. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas H. Blake Terre Haute. | Jonathan Jennings Charleston. | Oliver H. Smith Connersville. KENTUCKY. SENATORS. Richard M. Johnson Great Crossings. | John Rowan Louisville. REPRESENTATIVES. Richard A. Buckner. . .Greensburg. Joseph Lecompte New Castle. Thomas P. Moore Harrodsburg. John Chambers ! Washington. Robert P. Letcher Lancaster. Charles A. Wickliffe . . .Bardstown. Thomas Chilton Elizabethtown. Chittenden Lyon Eddyville. Joel Yancey Glasgow. James Clarke Winchester. Robert M PIatton Georgetown. Henry Daniel Mount Sterling. Thomas Metcalfe 2 Carlisle. 1 Elected in place of Thomas Metcalfe, resigned ; took his seat Dec. 1, 1828. * Resigned in 1828. LOUISIANA. SENATORS. Dominique Bouligny New Orleans. | Josiah S. Johnston Alexandria. REPRESENTATIVES. William L. Brent. .St. Martinsville. | Henry H. Gurley Baton Rouge. | Edward Livingston . .New Orleans. MAINE. SENATORS. John Chandler Monmouth. Albion K. Parris 2 Portland. John Holmes l Alfred. REPRESENTATIVES. John Anderson Portland. Jeremiah O Brien Machias. Joseph F. Wingate .Bath. Samuel Butman Dixmont. James W. Ripley Frveburg. Rufus M lntire Parsonsiield. Peleg Sprague. . Hallowell. 1 Elected in place of Albion K. Parris, resigned; took his seat Jan. 2fi, 1829. 2 Resigned in 1828. THE TWENTIETH CONGRESS. 71 MARYLAND. SENATORS. EzekielF. Chambers Chestertown. | Samuel Smith 1 Baltimore. REPRESENTATIVES. John Barney Baltimore. Clement Dorsey Chaptico. Levin Gale Elktou. John Leeds Kerr Easton. Peter Little Freedom. Michael C. Sprigg Frostburg. George C. "Washington . .Rockville. John C. Weems Waterloo. Ephraim K. Wilson Snow Hill. * Elected president pro tern. May 15, 1828, in place of Nathaniel Macon, resigned. Nathaniel Silsbee Samuel C. Allen Greenfield. John Bailey Milton. Isaac C. Bates Northampton. Benjamin W. Crowninshield, Salem. MASSACHUSETTS. SENATORS. Salem. | Daniel Webster KEPRESENTATI VES . John Davis Worcester. I John Locke . . Ashby .Boston. Henry W. Dwight Stockbridge. Edward Everett Cambridge. Benjamin Gorham Boston. James L. Hodges Taunton. John Reed Yarmouth. Joseph Richardson Hingham. John Varnum HaverhUl. MISSISSIPPI. SENATORS. Powhatan Ellis Winchester. | Thomas H. Williams Washington. REPRESENTATIVES . William Haile * Woodville. | Thomas Hinds 2 Greenville. 1 Resigned in 1828. 2 Elected in place of William Haile, resigned; took his seat Dec. 8, 1828. MISSOURI. SENATORS. David Barton St. Louis. | Thomas H. Benton St. Louia. REPRESENTATIVE. Edward Bates St. Louis. NEW HAMPSHIRE. SENATORS. Samuel Bell Chester. | Levi Woodbury . REPRESENTATIVES. David Barker, jun Rochester. I Titus Brown Francestown. Ichabod Bartlett Portsmouth. | Jonathan Harvey Sutton. .Portsmouth. Joseph Healy Washington. Thdmas Whipple, jun. . Wentworth. Ephraim Bateman ] NEW JERSEY. SENATORS. .Cedarville. | Mahlon Dickerson 2 .Suckasunny. Lewis Condict Morristown. George Holcombe 8 Allentown. Isaac Pierson Orange. REPRESENTATIVES. James F. Randolph, 4 New Brunswick. Thomas Sinnickson 5 Salem. Samuel Swan Somerville. Hedge Thompson 6 Salem. Ebenezer Tucker Tuckerton. i Elected by his own vote in joint session of the legislature ; resigned January, 1829. Reined Feb. 9, 1829 .elected in place of Ephraim Bateman, resigned ; took his seat Feb. 9, 1820. * J )ied Jan. 14, 1828. * Elected m place of George ] combe, deceased; took his seat Dec. 1, 1828. B Elected in place of Hedge Thompson, deceased; took his seat Dec. 1, 1SWS. Died in 1828. NEW YORK. SENATORS. Charles E. Dudley 1 Albany. I Martin Van Buren 2 Albany. Nathan Sanford Albany. | 1 Elected in place of Martin Van Buren, resigned; took his seat Jan. 29, 1829. 2 Resigned in 1828. 72 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Daniel D. Barnard Rochester. George O. Belden Monticello. Rudolph Banner Oswego. C. C. Cambreleng New York. Samuel Chase Cooperstmvn. John C. Clark Bainbridge. John T. DeGraff Schenectady. John D. Dickerson Troy. Jonas Earll, jun Oiiondaga. Daniel E. Garnsey Fredonia. Nathaniel Garrpw Auburn. John Hallock, jun Ridgebury. REPRESENTATIVES. Selah R. Hobbie Delhi. Michael Hoffman Herkimer. Jeromus Johnson New York. Richard Keese Keeseville. John Magee Bath. Henry Markell Palatine. Henry C. Martindale. . .Sandy Hill. Dudley Marvin Canandaigua. John Maynard Ovid Village. Thomas J. Oakley 1 . . Poughkeepsie. Henry R. Storrs Whitestown. John G. Slower Hamilton. James Strong City of Hudson. Thomas Taber, 2d 2 Dover. John W. Taylor. .Ballstou Springs. Phineas L. Trace y Batavia. Stephen Van Rensselaer . . .Albany. Gulian C. Verplanck. . . .New York. Aaron Ward Mt. Pleasant. John J. Wood Clarkstown. Silas Wood Huntingdon. David Woodcock Ithaca. Silas Wright, jun Canton. 1 Resigned in 1828. 2 Elected in place of Thomas J. Oakley, resigned; took his seat Dec. 1, 1828. . NOETH CAROLINA. SENATORS. John Branch Enfield. Nathaniel Macon 2 . James Iredell * Edenton. .Warrenton. Willis Alston Hyde Park. Daniel L. Barringer Raleigh. John H. Bryan Newbern. Samuel P. Carson. Pleasant Garden. Henry W. Conner . .Sherrill s Ford. REPKESENTATIVES. John Ctilpeper Beard s Store. Thomas H. Hall Tarborough. Gabriel Holmes Montpelier. John Long Long s Mills. Lemuel Sawyer Elizabeth. Augustine H. Shepperd, Germantown. Daniel Turner Warrenton. Lewis Williams Panther Creek. Elected in place of Nathaniel Macon, resigned; took Ids seat Dec. 23, 1828. declined ; resigned in 1828. 2 Elected president pro tern. May 15, 1828, and OHIO. SENATORS. Jacob Burnet l William Henry Harrison 2 Cleves. | I Benjamin Ruggles St. Clairsville. Mordecai Bartley Mansfield. Philemon Beecher Lancaster. William Creighton, jun., 3 Chillicothe. John Davenport Barnes ville. James Findlay Cincinnati. REPRESENTATIVES. William M Lean Piqua. Frederick F. Muhlenburg 4 . . William Russell West Union. John Sloane Wooster. William Stanbery Newark. Joseph Vance Urbaiia. Samuel F. Vinton .Gallipolis. Elisha Whittlesey Cantield. John Woods Hamilton. John C. Wright Steubenville. Elected in place of William Henry Harrison, resigned ; took his seat Dec. 29, 1828. 2 Resigned in 1828. 1828. * Elected in place of William Creighton, jun., resigned; took his seat Dec. 19, 1828. Resigned in Isaac D. Barnard . PENNSYLVANIA. SENATORS. .West Chester. I William Marks . .Pittsburgh. William Addams Reading. Samuel Anderson Providence. Stephen Barlow Meadville. James Buchanan Lancaster. Richard Coulter Greensburg. Chauncey Forward Somerset. Joseph Fry, jun Fry burg. James Green Dauphin. Samuel D. Ingham. New Hope. REPRESENTATIVES. Adam King York. George Kremer Lewisburg. Joseph Lawrence Washington. Samuel McKean Burlington. Daniel H. Miller Philadelphia. Charles Miner West Chester. John Mitchell Belief onte. Robert Orr, jun Kittanning. William Ramsay Carlisle. John Sergeant Philadelphia. John B. Sterigere . . .Upper Dublin. James S. Stevenson Pittsburgh. Andrew Stewart Uniontown. Joel B. Sutherland . . .Philadelphia. Espy Van Horn Williamsport. James Wilson Fairlield. George Wolf Easton. RHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. Nehemiah R. Knight Providence. | Asher Robbins Newport. REPRESENTATIVES. Tristam Burges Providence. | Dutee J. Pearce Newport THE TWENTIETH CONGRESS. 73 Kobert Y. Hayne . John Carter Camden. Warren R. Davis. .Pendleton C. H. William Drayton Charleston. SOUTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. Charleston. | William Smith. . REPRESENTATIVES. James Hamilton, jun.. .Charleston. George McDuffie Edgefield. William D. Martin BarnwelL .York C. H. Thomas R. Mitchell. . .Georgetown. William T. Nuckolls.. Spartan burg. Starling Tucker. .Mountain Shoals. John H. Eaton TENNESSEE. SENATORS. .Nashville. | Hugh Lawson White. .Knoxville. John Bell Nashville. John Blair Jonesborough. David Crockett Trenton. REPRESENTATIVES. Robert Desha Gallatin. Jacob C. Isacks Winchester. Pryor Lea Knoxville. John H. Marable Yellow Creek. James C. Mitchell Athens. James K. Polk Columbia. VERMONT. SENATORS. Dudley Chase Randolph. | Horatio Seymour . REPRESENTATIVES . Daniel A. A. Buck Chelsea. Jonathan Hunt. . . . Brattleborough. Rollin C. Mallary Poultney. Benjamin Swift St. Alban s. .Middlebury. George E. Wales Hartford. Littleton W. Tazewell . Mark Alexander .Lombardy Grove. Robert Allen Mt. Pleasant. William S. Archer Elkhill. William Armstrong, jun. .Romney. John S. Barbour . . . .Culpeper C. H. Philip P. Barbour . . . .Gordonsville. Burwell Bassett Williamsburg. Nathaniel H. Clairborne, Rocky Mount. VIRGINIA. SENATORS. Norfolk. | John Tyler REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas Davenport Meadsville. John Floyd Newbern. Isaac Leffler Wheeling. Lewis Maxwell Weston. Charles F. Mercer Aldie. William M Coy Franklin. Thomas Newton Norfolk. John Randolph Charlotte. William C. Rives Milton. 1 Elected speaker Dec. 3, 1827. .Charles City. John Roane Rumford Academy. Alexander Smyth Wythe C. H. Andrew Stevenson 1 Richmond. John Taliaferro Fredericksburg. James Trezvant Jerusalem. ARKANSAS TERRITORY. DELEGATE. A. H. Sevier .. Little Rock FLORIDA TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Joseph M. White .Pensacola. MICHIGAN TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Austin E. Wing , .Detroit. 74 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. THE TWENTY-FIRST CONGRESS. First Session, from Dec. 7, 1829, to May 31, 1830. Second Session, from Dec. 6, 1830, to March 3, 1831. Vice-President. JOHN C. CALHOUN of South Carolina. Presidents of the Senate pro tempore. SAMUEL SMITH of Maryland; LITTLETON W. TAZEWELL of Virginia, elected March 1, 1831. Secretary of the Senate. WALTER LOWKIE of Pennsylvania. Speaker of the House. ANDKEW STEVENSON of Virginia. Clerk of the House. MATTHEW ST. CLAIB CLAJIKE of Pennsylvania. ALABAMA. SENATORS. "William R. King Selma. | John McKinley Florence. REPRESENTATIVES. Robert E. B. Baylor. . . .Tuscaloosa. | C. C. Clay Huntsville. | Dixon H. Lewis Montgomery. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. Samuel A. Foot Cheshire. | Calvin "Willey Tolland. REPRESENTATIVES. Noyes Barber Groton. I Jabez W. Hnntington. . .Litchfield. I William L. Storrs Middletown. William W. Ells worth... Hartford. | Ralph J. Ingersoll.... New Haven. | Ebenezer Young Killingly. DELAWARE. SENATORS. John M. Clayton Dover. I Arnold Naudain 2 Wilmington. Louis McLane l Wilmington. | REPRESENTATIVE. Kensey Johns, jun New Castle. 1 Resigned in 1829. * Elected in place of Louis McLane, resigned; took his seat Jan. 13, 1830. GEORGIA. SENATORS. John McPherson Berrien* Savannah. I George M. Troup Dublin. John Forsyth 2 Augusta. | Thomas F. Foster. .Greensborough. Charles E. Haynes Sparta. Henry G. Lamar Macon. REPRESENTATIVES. Wilson Lumpkin Monroe. Wiley Thompson Elberton. James M. Wayne Savannah. Richard H. Wilde Augusta. i Resigned in 1829. * Elected in place of J. McPherson Berrien, resigned; took his seat Dec. 8, 1829. ILLINOIS. SENATORS. David J. Baker 1 Shawneetown. I John McLean 2 Shawneetown. Elias K. Kane Kaskaskia. | John M. Robinson. 8 REPRESENTATIVE. Joseph Duncan Brownsville. 1 Appointed in place of John McLean, deceased ; took his seat Dec. 6, 1830. 2 Deceased Oct. 14, 1830. 3 Elected in place of John McLean, deceased, David J. Baker having been appointed pro tern. ; took his seat Jan. 4, 1831. THE TWENTY-FIRST CONGRESS. 75 INDIANA. SENATORS. William Hendricks Madison. | James Noble 1 Brookville. REPRESENTATIVES. Ratliff Boon Booneville. | Jonathan Jennings Charleston. | John Test Laurenceburgh. Died Feb. 26, 1831. George M. Bibb. KENTUCKY. SENATORS. .Yellow Banks. | John Rowan , Thomas Chilton Elizabethtown. James Clarke Winchester. Nicholas D. Coleman. .Washington. Henry Daniel Mount Sterling. REPRESENTATIVES. Nathan Gaither Columbia. Richard M. Johnson . .Gt. Crossing. John Kincaid Stanford. Joseph Lecompte New Castle. .Louisville. Robert P. Letcher Lancaster. Chittenden Lyon Eddyville. Charles A. Wickliffe....Bardstown. Joel Yaucey Glasgow. LOUISIANA. SENATORS. Josiah S. Johnston Alexandria. | Edward Livingston New Orleans. REPRESENTATIVES. Henry H. Gurley Baton Rouge. | Walter H. Overton Alexandria. | Edward D. White. . Donaldson ville. John Holmes , John Anderson Portland. Samuel Batman Dixmont. George Evans Gardiner. MAINE. SENATORS. Alfred. | Peleg Sprague. . . REPRESENTATIVES. Cornelius Holland * Canton. Leonard Jarvis 2 Ellsworth. Rufus M lutire Parsonsiield. .Hallowell. James W. Ripley 3 Fryeburg. Joseph F. Wingate Bath. 1 Elected in place of James W. Ripley, resigned; took his seat Dec. 6, 1830. 2 Took his seat Dec. 6, 1830. March 12, 1830 ; election unsuccessfully contested by Reuel Washburn. 8 Resigned Ezekiel F. Chambers. Elias Brown Freedom. Clement Dorsey Howards Race. Benjamin C. Howard Baltimore. MARYLAND. SENATORS. . . . .Chestertown. | Samuel Smith l . . REPRESENTATIVES. George E. Mitchell Elkton. Benedict I. Semmes . . .Piscataway. Richard Spencer Easton. .Baltimore. Michael C. Sprigg Frostburg. George C. Washington.. .Rockville. Ephraim K. Wilson Snow HilL Elected president pro tern. March 13, 1829, special session, and May 29, 1830. Nathaniel Silsbee MASSACHUSETTS. SENATORS. . . . .Salem. | Daniel Webster , .Boston. John Bailey Milton. Isaac C. Bates Northampton. Benjamin W. Crowninshield, Salem. John Davis Worcester. Henry W. Dwight Stockbridge. REPRESENTATIVES . Edward Everett Charlestown. Benjamin Gorham Boston. George Grennell, jun Greenfield. James L. Hodges Taunton. Joseph C. Kendall Leominster. John Reed Yarmouth Port. Joseph Richardson Hingham. John Varnum Haverhill. MISSISSIPPI. SENATORS. Robert H. Adams 1 Natchez. I George Poindexter 2 Natchez. Powhatan Ellis Winchester. | REPRESENTATIVE. Thomas Hinds Greenville. * Elected in place of Thomas B. Reed, deceased in 1829; took his seat Feb. 8, 1830, and died July 2, 1830. * Appointed in place of Robert II. Adams, deceased; took bis seat Dec. 6, 1830; subsequently elected by tho legislature. 76 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. MISSOURI. SENATORS. David Barton St. Louis. | Thomas H. Benton St. Louis. REPRESENTATIVE. Spencer Pettis Fayette. .NEW HAMPSHIRE. SENATORS. Samuel Bell Chester. | Levi Woodbury Portsmouth. REPRESENTATIVES. John Broadhead New Market. I Joseph Hammons Farmington. I Henry Ilubbard Charlestown. Thomas Chandler. . . .Hillsborough. | Jonathan Harvey Sutton. | John W. Weeks Lancaster. NEW JERSEY. SENATORS. Mahlon Dickerson Suckasunny. | Theodore Frelinghuysen Newark. REPRESENTATIVES. Lewis Condict Morristown. Thomas H. Hughes Cold Spring. I James F. Randolph .K Brunswick. Richard M. Cooper. Camden. Isaac Pierson Orange. | Samuel Swan Bound Brook. NEW YORK. SENATORS. Charles E. Dudley Albany. | Nathan Sanford Albany. REPRESENTATIVES. "William G. Angel Burlington. Jonas Earll, jun Onondaga. Gershom Powers Auburn. Benedict Arnold Amsterdam. Isaac Finch Jay. Robert S. Rose Geneva. Thomas Beckman Peterborough. George Fisher 3 Oswego. Jonah Sanford 5 Oswego. Abraham Bockee Federal Store. Jehiel H. Halsey Lodi. Ambrose Spencer Albany. Peter I. Borst Middleburg. Joseph Hawkins Henderson. James Strong City of Hudson. C. C. Cambreleng New York. Michael Hoffman Herkimer. Henry R. Storrs Whitestown. Timothy Childs Rochester. Perkins King Freehold. John W. Taylor . . Ballston Springs. Henry B. Cowles Carmel. James Lent Newtown. Phineas L. Tracy Batavia. Hector Craig* Craigville. John Magee Bath. Gulian C. Verplanck New York. Jacob Crocheron Smithiield. Henry C. Martindale. . .Sandy Hill. Campbell P. White New York. Charles G. DeWitt Kingston. Thomas Maxwell Elmira. Silas Wright, jun. 6 John D. Dickinson .Troy. Robert Morrell 4 . . . Greene P.O. S. W. Eager 2 Montgomery. Ebenezer F. Norton Buffalo. 1 Resigned in 1830. 2 Elected in place of Hector Craig, resigned ; took Ms seat Dec. 6, 1830. Election successfully contested by Silas Wright, jun. * Resigned Feb. 21, 1831. B Elected in place of Silas Wright, jun., who declined to take Ma seat. Declined to take Ms seat after successfully contesting the election of George Fisher. NORTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. John Branch * Enfield. James Iredell. Bedford Brown 2 Brown s Store. .Edenton. Willis Alston Fortune s Fork. Daniel L. Barringer Raleigh. Samuel T. Carson. Pleasant Garden. Henry W. Conner . .Sherrill s Ford. Edmund Deberry Lawrenceville. REPRESENTATIVES. Edward B. Dudley Wilmington. Thomas H. Hall Tarborough. Robert Potter Oxford. Abraham Eeucher Pittsborough. William B. Shepard. Elizabeth City. Augustine H. Shepperd.Germant n. Jesse Speight Speight s Bridge. Lewis Williams Panther Creek. * Resigned in 1829. " Elected in place of John Branch, resigned; took his seat Dec. 28, 1829. Jacob Burnett. Mordecai Bartley Mansfield. Joseph H. Crane Dayton. William Creighton Chillicothe. James Findlay Cincinnati. John M. Goodenow 1 . .Steubenville. OHIO. SENATORS. Cincinnati. | Benjamin Ruggles. REPRESENTATIVES. William W. Irvin. Lancaster. William Kennon St. Clairsville. Humphrey II. Leavitt -lSteubcnv le. William Russell West Union. James Shields Dick s Mills. .St. Clairsville. William Stanberry Newark. John Thomson New Lisbon. Joseph Vance Urbana. Samuel F. Vinton Gallipolis. Elisha Whittlesey Canlield. Resigned April 9, 1830. 2 Elected in place of John M. Goodenow, resigned; took Ms seat Dec. 6, 1830. THE TWENTY-FIRST CONGRESS. 77 Isaac D. Barnard . James Buchanan Lancaster. Richard Coulter Greensburg. Thomas H. Crawford. Chambersb g. Harmar Denny Pittsburg. Joshua Evans Paoli. James Ford Lawrenceville. Chauncey Forward Somerset. Joseph Fry, jun Fryburg. John Gilmore Butler. PENNSYLVANIA. SENATORS. . . .West Chester. | William Marks . , REPRESENTATIVES. Innis Green Dauphin. Joseph Hemphili Philadelphia. Peter Ihrie, jun Easton. Thomas Irwin Uniontown. Adam King York. George C. Leiper Leiperville. Alan Marr Danville. William McCreery, Briceland s Crossroads. .Pittsburg. Daniel H. Miller Philadelphia. Henry A. Muhlenburg Reading. William Ramsay Carlisle. John Scott Alexandria. Thomas H. Sill Erie. Samuel A. Smith Doylestown. Philander Stephens Montrose. John B. Sterigere Norristown. Joel B. Sutherland... .Philadelphia. EHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. Nehemiah R, Knight Providence. | Asher Robbins Newport. REPRESENTATIVES. Tristam Surges Providence. | Dutee J. Pearce Newport. Robert Y. Hayne. Robert W. Barnwell Beaufort. James Blair Camden. John Campbell Brownsville. SOUTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. Charleston. | William Smith. . . REPRESENTATIVES. Warren R. Davis.. .Pendlcton C.H. William Drayton Charleston. William D. Martin. .Barnwell C.H. .York C.H. George McDuffie Edgefield. William T. Nuckolls.Hancockville. Starling Tucker . .Mountain Shoals. TENNESSEE. SENATORS. John H. Eaton l Nashville. I Hugh Lawson White. Felix Gruudy 2 Nashville. | .Knoxville. REPRESENTATIVES. John Bell Nashville. John Blair Jonesborough. David Crockett Crockett s P.O. i Resigned in 1829. Pryor Lea Knoxville. James K. Polk Columbia. James Standif er Mt. Airy. 2 Elected in place of John II. Eaton, resigned ; took Ms scat Dec. 7, 1829. Robert Desha Gallatin. Jacob C. I sacks Winchester. Cave Johnson Clarksville. VERMONT. SENATORS. Dudley Chase Randolph. | Horatio Seymour. REPRESENTATIVES. William Cahoon Lyndon. Horace Everett Windsor. Jonathan Hunt Brattleborough. Rollin C. Mallary Poultiiey. Middlebury. Benjamin Swift St. Alban s. Littleton W. Tazewell. Mark Alexander. Lombardy Grove. Robert Allen Mt. Jackson. William S. Archer Elkhill. William Armstrong Romney. John S. Barbour Culpeper C.H. Philip P. Barbour 1 . . .Gordcnsvillo. Thomas T. Bouldin. .Charlotte C.II. Nathaniel II. Claibornc.. Rocky Mt. Richard Coke, jun. . . William sburg. 1 Resigned in 1830. 2 Elected i contested the election of Thomas Newto B Elected in place of Philip P. Barbour, Dec. 7, 1829. VIEGINIA. SENATORS. Norfolk. | John Tyler REPRESENTATIVES. Robert Craig Montgomery. Thomas Davenport Meadsvillo. Philip Doddridgc Wellsburg. Joseph Draper 5 . Wythe C.H. William F. Gordon. Lindsey s Store. George Loyal 1 3 Norfolk. Lewis Maxwell We ;ton. William McCoy Franklin. Charles F. Mercer Lcesburg. .Charles City. Thomas Newton 4 Norfolk. John M. PattonS. ..Frcdericksburg. John Roane Rumford Academy. Alexander Smyth o Wythe C.H. Andrew Stevenson 7 Richmond. John Talinferro Fredericksburg. James Trezvant Jerusalem. n place of Alexander Smyth, deceased; took his scat Dec. G, 1S30. Successfully ion; took his seat March 9, 18 :5l. Election succossfnly contested by George Lc our, resigned; took his seat Doc. 6, 1830. Died April 17, 1830. Elected speaker 78 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. ARKANSAS TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Ambrose H. Sevier Little Rock. FLORIDA TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Joseph M. White Monticello. MICHIGAN TERRITORY. DELEGATE. JohnBiddle 1 Detroit. i Resigned Feb. 21, 1831. THE TWENTY-SECOND CONGRESS. First Session, from Dec. 5, 1831, to July 16, 1832. Second Session, from Dec. 3, 1832, to March 2, 1833. Vice-President. JOHN C. CALHOUN 1 of South Carolina. Presidents of the Senate pro tempore. LITTLETON W. TAZEWELL of Virginia, elected July 9, 1832; HUGH L. WHITE of Tennessee, elected Dec. 3, 1832. Secretary of the Senate. WALTER LOWRIE of Pennsylvania. Speaker of the House. ANDREW STEVENSON of Virginia. Clerk of the House. MATTHEW ST. GLAIR CLARKE of Pennsylvania. * Resigned Dec. 28, 1832. ALABAMA. SENATORS. William R. King Selma. | Gabriel Moore Huntsville. REPRESENTATIVES. Clement C. Clay Huntsville. | Dixon H. Lewis Montgomery. | Samuel W. Mardis Montevallo. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. Samuel A. Foot Cheshire. | Gideon Tomlinson Fairfield. REPRESENTATIVES. Fqyes Barber Groton. I Jabez W. Hnntington . . .Litchfield. I William L. Storrs Middletown. William W. Ellsworth . . .Hartford. | Ralph I. Ingersoll New Haven. | Ebenezer Young. .Killingly Centre. DELAWARE. SENATORS. John M. Clayton Dover. | Arnold Naudain Middletown. REPRESENTATIVE. John J. Milligan Wilmington. THE TWENTY-SECOND CONGBESS. 79 John Forsyth . Augustine Smith Clayton. .Athens. Thomas F. Foster. .Greensborough. Henry G. Lauiar Macon. GEORGIA. SENATOKS. Augusta. | George M. Troup. REPRESENTATIVES. Daniel Neunan McDonough. Wiley Thompson Elberton. James M. Wayne Savannah. Richard H. Wilde ..Dublin. .Augusta. ILLINOIS. SENATOKS. EliasK. Kane Kaskaskia. | John M. Robinson Carmi REPRESENTATIVE. Joseph Duncan Jacksonville. INDIANA. SENATORS. Robert Hanna 1 I John Tipton 2 , William Headricks Madison. | REPRESENTATIVES. Eatliff Boon Booneville. | John Carr Charleston. | Jonathan McCarty . . . Connersville. i Appointed in place of James Noble, deceased in 1831 ; took his seat Dec. 5, 1831. 2 Elected in place of James Noble deceased in 1831, Robert Haniia having been appointed pro tern. ; took his seat Jan. 3, 1832. KENTUCKY. SENATORS. George M. Bibb Yellow Banks. | Henry Clay Lexington. RE PRESENTATI VES. John Adair Harrodsburg. Albert G. Hawes Hawesville. Chittenden Lyon Eddyville. Chilton Allan Winchester. Richard M. Johnson . .Gt. Crossing. Thomas A. Marshall . Paris. Henry Daniel Mount Sterling. Joseph Lecompte New Castle. Christopher Tompkins Glasgow. Nathan Gaither Columbia. Robert P. Letcher Lancaster. Charles A. Wickliffe . . .Bardstown. LOUISIANA. SENATORS. Josiah S. Johnston Alexandria. | George A. Waggaman 1 New Orleans. REPRESENTATIVES. Henry A. Bullard Alexandria. | Philemon Thomas. . . .Baton Rouge. | Edward D. White. .Donaldsonville. 1 Elected in place of Edward Livingston, resigned hi 1831; took his seat Jan. 3, 1832. John Holmes MAINE. SENATORS. .Alfred. | Peleg Sprague . .Hallo well. REPRESENTATIVES. John Anderson Portland. James Bates Norridgewoek. George Evans Gardiner. Cornelius Holland Canton. Leonard Jarvis Ellsworth. Edward Kavanagh Damariscotta Mills. Rufus Mclntire Parsonslield. Ezekiel F. Chambers Benjamin C. Howard Baltimore. MARYLAND. SENATORS. .Chestertown. | Samuel Smith REPRESENTATIVES. Benedict I. Semmes ~ 2 . . . Piscataway. .Baltimore. Daniel Jenifer Allen s Fresh. Charles S. Sewall 3 Elkton. John L. Kerr Eaton. John S. Speiice Berlin. George E. Mitchell * Elkton. Francis Thomas Frederick. 1 Died June 28, 1832. 2 Took his seat Feb. 13, 1832. a Elected in place of George E. Mitchell, deceased; took his seat December, 1832. George C. Washington.. .Rockville. J. T. II. Worthington Golden. 80 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Nathaniel Silsbee . John Quincy Adams Quincy. Nathan Appleton Boston. Isaac C. Bates ....... .Northampton. George N. Briggs Lanesborongh. Rufus Choate Salem, MASSACHUSETTS. SENATORS. Salem. | Daniel Webster. . REPRESENTATIVES. John Daris "Worcester. Henry A. S. Dearborn. . .Brookline. Edward Everett Charlestown. George Grennell, jun. . .. Greenfield. James L. Hodges Bristol. 1 Took his seat Dec. 6, 1832. .Boston. Joseph G. Kendall. Jeremiah Nelson 1 .. John Heed . . . . . .Leominster. Essex. Yarmouth. MISSISSIPPI. SENATORS. John Black * Monroe. I George Poindexter Wilkinson. Powhatau Ellis 2 Winchester. | REPRESENTATIVE. Franklin E. Plummer . . . Westville. Appointed in place of Powhatan Ellis, resigned ; took his seat Dec. 12, 1832. judge of United States Court. 2 Resigned in 1832, having been appointed MISSOURI. SENATORS. St. Louis. | Alexander Buckner Jackson. REPRESENTATIVE. William H. Ashley St. Louis. Thomas H. Benton , NEW HAMPSHIEE. SENATORS. Samuel Bell Chester. | Isaac Hill Concord. REPRESENTATIVES. John Brodhead New Market. I Joseph Hammons Farmington. Henry Hubbard Charlestown. Thomas Chandler Piscataquog. | Joseph M. Harper Canterbury. John W. Weeks Lancaster. JSTEW JEKSET. SENATORS. Mahlon Dickerson Suckasunny. | Theodore Frelinghuysen Newark. REPRESENTATIVES. Lewis Condict Morristown. Silas Condit Newark. Richard M. Cooper Camden. Thomas H. Hughes Cold Spring. James F. Randolph, New Brunswick. Isaac Southard Somerville. NEW YORK. SENATORS. Charles E. Dudley Albany. Silas Wright, jun. 2 AVillinm Ti. TVInn-vl All-xmir William L. Marcy l Albany. William G. Angel Burlington. William Babcock Pennyan. Gamaliel II. Barstow Nichols. Samuel Beardsley Utica. John T. Bergen Brooklyn. Joseph Bouck Middlcburg. John C. 1 rodliead New York. Churchill C. Cambreleng. New York. John A. Collier Binghamton. Bates Cook Le wist on. Charles Da.yaii Lowville. John Dickson West Bloomlield. REPRESENTATIVES. Ulysses F. Doubleday Auburn. Michael Hoffman Herkimer. William Hogan Hogansburg. Freeboru C. Jewett Skaneateles. John King N. Lebanon. Gerrit Y. Lansing Albany. James Lent Newtown. Edmund II. Pendleton.Hyde Park. Job Pierson Schaghtiroke. Nathaniel Pitcher Sandy Hill. Edward C. Read Homer. Erastus Root Delhi. Nathan Soule Fort Plaine. John W. Taylor . .Ballston Springs. Phineas L. Tracy Batavia. Gulian C. Verplanck New York. Aaron Ward Mt. Pleasant. Daniel Wardwell Mannsville. Grattan H. Wheeler Wheeler. Campbell P. White New York. Frederick Whittlesey . . .Rochester. Samuel J. Wilkin Goshen. Resigned in 1832. 2 Elected in place of William L. Marcy, resigned ; took bis seat Jan. 14, 1833. THE TWENTY-SECOND CONGRESS. 81 Bedford Brown. NORTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. .Brown s Store. | Willie P. Mangiim. .Red Mountain. Daniel L. Barringer Raleigh. Laughlin Bethune Fayetteville. John Branch Enfield. Samuel P. Carson. Pleasant Garden. Henry W. Conner. . .SherrilTs Ford. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas H. Hall Tarborough. M. T. Hawkins Granville. James McKay 1 Elizabeth. Abraham Rencher. . . . Pittsborough. William B. Shepard. Elizabeth City. 1 Took his seat Feb. 20, 1832. A. H. Shepperd Germantown. Jesse Speight Stantonsburg. Lewis Williams Panther Creek. Thomas Ewing Elutheros Cooke Sandusky City. Thomas Corwin Lebanon. Joseph H. Crane Dayton. William Creighton, jun..Chillicothe. James Findlay Cincinnati. OHIO. SENATORS. Lancaster. | Benjamin Ruggles. REPRESENTATIVES. William W. Irvin Lancaster. William Kennon St. Clairsville. Humphrey H. Leavitt.Steubenville. William Rnssel West Union. William Stanberry Newark. .St. Clairsville. John Thomson New Lisbon. Joseph Vance Urbana. Samuel F. Vinton Gallipolis. Elisha Whittlesey Canfield George M. Dallas 1. Robert Allison. . Hnntington Centre. John Banks Mercer. John C. Bucher Harrislmrg. George Burd Bedford. Richard Coulter Greensburg. Thos. H. Crawford. . Chamhersburg. Harmer Denny Pittsburg. Lewis De wart Suiibury. Joshua Evans Paoli. PENNSYLVANIA. SENATORS. Philadelphia. | William Wilkins. REPRESENTATIVES. James Ford Lawrenceville. John Gilmore Butler. William Heister New Holland. Henry Horn Philadelphia. Peter Ihyie, jun Easton. Adam King York. Henry King Allentowu. Joel K. Mann Jeukentown. Henry A. Muhlenberg Reading. .Pittsburg. Thomas M. M Kennan. Washington. Robert McCoy Carlisle. David Potts, jun Pottstown. Samuel A. Smith Rock Hill. Philander Stephens Montrose. Andrew Stewart Uniontown. Joel B. Sutherland Philadelphia. John G. Watmough . .Philadelphia. 1 Elected in place of I. D. Barnard, resigned in 1831 ; took his seat Dec. 15, 1831. RHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. Nehemiah R. Knight Providence. | Asher Robbing Newport. REPRESENTATIVES. Tristam Burges Providence. | Dutee J. Pearce Newport. SOUTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. Stephen D. Miller Camden. John C. Calhoun * Robert Y. Hayne 2 Charleston. Robert W. Barnwell Beaufort. James Blair Lynch wood. Warren R. Davis . .Pendleton C. H. REPRESENTATIVES . William Dray ton Charleston. John M. Felder Orangeburg. John R. Griffin Milton. Thomas R. Mitchell... .Georgetown. George McDuffie . . .Edgefield C. H. William T. Nuckolls.Hancockville. 1 Elected in place of Robert Y. Hayne, resigned; took his seat Jan. 4, 1833. * Resigned in 1832, having been elected governor. Felix Grundy. TENNESSEE. SENATORS. .Nashville. | Hxtgh Lawson White 1 . REPRESENTATIVES. .Knoxville. Thomas D. Arnold. .. Campbell Sta. John Bell Nashville. John Blair Jonesborough. William Fitzgerald Dresden. William Hall Green Garden. Jacob C. Isacks Winchester. 1 Elected president pro tern. Dec. 3, 1832. Cave Johnson Clarksville. James K. Polk Columbia. James Standifer Mt. Airy. 82 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Samuel Prentiss , VERMONT. SENATORS. .Montpelier. | Horatio Seymour. .Middlebury. Heman Allen 1 Franklin. William Calioon Lyndon. REPRESENTATIVES. Horace Everett Windsor. I Jonathan Hunt Brattleborough. HUand Hall | William Slade Middlebury. * Took his seat June 23, 1832. William C. Rives * Littleton W. Tazewell 2 Norfolk. VIRGINIA. SENATORS. John Tyler. .Gloucester C. H. Mark Alexander.. Lombardy Grove. Robert Allen Mt. Jackson. William S. Archer Elkhill. William Armstrong Romney. John S. Barbour. . . .Culpeper C. H. Thomas T. Bouldiu. Charlotte C. H. Joseph W. Chinn Nuttsville. Nathaniel H. Claiborne. .Rocky Mt. REPRESENTATIVES. Richard Coke, jnn. . . William sburg. Robert Craig Montgomery. Thomas Davenport Meadsville. Philip Doddridge 3 Wellsburg. Joseph Draper William F. Gordon. .Lindseys Store. Joseph Johnson 4 . . . Charles C. Johnston 5 . . . .Abingdon. John Y. Mason Hicksford. Lewis Maxwell Weston. Charles Fentoii Mercer. . .Leesburg William McCoy Franklin. Thomas Newton Norfolk. John M. Patton Fredericksburg. John J. Roane. . Rumf ord Academy. Andrew Stevenson, 6 Richmond City. 1 Elected in place of Littleton "W. Tazewell, resigned ; took his seat Jan. 4, 1833. 2 Elected president pro tern. July 9, 1832 ; resigned in 1832. Died Nov. 19, 1832. * Elected in place of Philip Doddridge, deceased; took his seat Jan. 21, 1833. Died June IT, 1832. Elected speaker Dec. 5, 1831. ARKANSAS TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Ambrose H. Sevier Little Rock. FLORIDA TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Joseph M. White Monticello. MICHIGAN TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Austin E. Wing Monroe. THE TWENTY-THIRD CONGRES3. THE TWENTY-THIKD CONGBESS. First Session, from Dec. 2, 1833, to June 30, 1834. Second Session, from Dec. 1, 1834, to March 3, 1835. rice-President. MARTIN VAN BUBEN of New York. Presidents of the Senate pro tempore. HUGH LAWSON WHITE of Tennessee; GEOKGE POINDEXTER of Mississippi, elected June 28, 1834; JOHN TYLEK of Virginia, elected March 3, 1835. Secretary of the Senate. WALTER LOWKIE of Pennsylvania. Speakers of tlie House. ANDREW STEVENSON of Virginia; JOHN BELL of Tennessee, elected June 2, 1834. Speaker of the House pro tempore. HENRY HUBBARB of New Hampshire. Clerk of the House. WALTER S. FRANKLIN of Pennsylvania. ALABAMA. SENATORS. William R. King Selma. | Gabriel Moore Huntsville. REPRESENTATIVES. Clement C. Clay Huntsville. I John McKinley Florence. John Murphy Claiborne. Dixon H. Lewis. .Lowndesborough. j Samuel W. Mardis Montevallo. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. Gideon Tomlinson Fairfield. | Nathan Smith New Haven. REPRESENTATIVES. Noyes Barber Groton. William W. Ellsworth 1. .Hartford. Samuel A. Foot 2 Cheshire. Jabez W. Huntington 3 . .Litchfield. Ebenezer Jackson 4 . . .Middletown. Phineas Miner 5 Litchfield. Joseph Trumbull 6 Hartford. Samuel Tweedy Danbury. Ebenezer Young. .Killingly Centre. 1 Resigned in 1834. 2 Resigned in 1834, having been elected governor. s Resigned in 1834, having been appointed judge of the Supreme Court of Errors. * Elected in place of Samuel A. Foot, resigned ; took his seat Dec. 1, 1834. * Elected in place of Jabez W. Huntingtou, resigned; took his seat Dec. 1, 1834. 8 Elected in place of William W. Ellsworth, resigned; took his seat Dec. 1, 1834. DELAWARE. SENATORS. John M. Clayton Dover. | Arnold Naudain Wilmington. REPRESENTATIVE. John J. Milligan Wilmington. GEOKGIA. SENATORS. Alfred Cuthbert 1 I John P. King Augusta. John Forsyth 2 Columbus. | REPRESENTATIVES. Augustine S. Clayton Athens. John Coffee Jacksonville. Thomas F. Foster. . Greensborough. B. L. Gamble Louisville. G. R. Gilmer Lexington. Seaborn Jones Columbus. William Schley Augusta. James M. Wayne 3 Savannah. Richard H. Wilde Augusta. 1 Elected in place of John Forsyth, resigned; took his seat Jan. 12, 1835. 2 Resigned in 1834, having been appointed secretary of state. 3 Resigned Jan. 13, 1835. ILLINOIS. SENATORS. Eliaa K. Kane Kaskaskia. | John M. Robinson. Carmi. 84 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Zadok Casey Mt. Vernon. Joseph Duncan 1 Jacksonville. REPRESENTATIVES. William L. May 2 Springfield. I Charles Slade 4 Carlyle. John Reynolds 3 Belleville. | 1 Resigned in 1834, having been elected governor. 2 Elected in place of Joseph Duncan, resigned; took his seat Dec. 1, 1834. Elected in place of Charles Slade, deceased; took his seat Dec. 1, 1834. Died July, 1834. "William Hendricks . Ratliff Boon Booneville. John Carr Charleston. John Ewing Vincennes. INDIANA. SENATORS. Madison. | John Tipton REPRESENTATIVES. Edward A. Hannegan . .Covington. George L. Kinnard . . .Indianapolis. Amos Lane Lawrenceburg. .Logansport. Jonathan McCarty .. . .Fort Wayne. George M. Bibb. KENTUCKY. SENATORS. .Yellow Banks. | Henry Clay .Lexington. Chiltpn Allan Winchester. Martin Beaty South Fork. Thomas Chilton Elizabethtown. Amos Davis Mount Sterling. Benjamin Hardin Bardsto\vn. REPRESENTATIVES. Albert G. Hawes Hawesville. Richard M. Johnson . .Gt. Crossing. Robert P. Letcher 1 Lancaster. James Love Barbourville. Chitteuden Lyon Eddyville. Thomas A. Marshall Paris. P. H. Pope Louisville. Christopher Toinpkins. . . .Glasgow. Alexander Porter *. Election unsuccessfully contested by Thomas P. Moore ; took his seat Dec. 1, 1834. LOUISIANA. SENATORS. .New Orleans. | George A. Waggaman.. .New Orleans. Henry A. Bullard 2 Alexandria. Rice Garland 3 Opelousas. REPRESENTATIVES. Henry Johnson 4 . .Thibodeauxrille. Philemon Thomas Baton Rouse. Edward D. White 5 . Donaldson villa. 1 Elected in place of Joseph S. Johnston, deceased in 1833; took his seat Jan. C, 1834. 2 Resigned in 1834, having been appointed judge of the Supreme Court of Louisiana. Elected in place of Henry A. Bullard, resigned; took his seat April 28, 1834. * Elected m place of Edward D. White, resigned; took his seat Dec. 1, 1834. Resigned in 1834, having been elected governor. John Ruggles x Ether Shepley Saco. MAINE. SENATORS. Peleg Sprague 2 . .Hallowell. George Evans Gardiner. Joseph Hall Camdeu. Leonard Jarvis. Ellsworth. REPRESENTATIVES. Edward Kavanagh . .Damariscotta. Moses Mason, jun Bethel. Rufus Mclntire Parsonsfield. Gorham Parks Francis O. J. Smith.... ....Bangor. ...Portland. Elected in place of Peleg Sprague, resigned ; took his seat Feb. 6, 1835. 2 Resigned in 1835. MAEYLAND. SENATORS. Ezekiel F. Chambers * Charlestowu. Joseph Kent. Robert H. Goldsborough 2 .Bladensburg. Richard B. Carmichael.Centerville. Littleton P. Dennis 3 .Princess Anne. James P. Heath Baltimore. REPRESENTATIVES. William Cart Johnson . . .Jefferson. Isaac McKim Baltimore. John N. Steele 4 Vienna. John T. Stoddert Harris Lot. Francis Thomas Frederick. James Turner Wiseburg. Resigned in 1834. 3 Elected in place of Ezeldol F. Chambers, resigned; took his scat Jan. 23, 1835. * Elected in place of Littleton P. Dennis, deceased; took his seat in 1834. Died in 1834. THE TWENTY-THIRD CONGRESS. 85 Nathaniel Silsbee. MASSACHUSETTS. SENATORS. Salem. | Daniel Webster. John Quincy Adams Quincy. Isaac C. Bates Northampton. "William Baylies . .W. Bridge water. George N. Briggs Lanesbo rough. Rufus Choate i Salem. REPRESENTATIVES. John Davis 2 Worcester Edward Everett Charlestown. Benjamin Gorham Boston. George Grennell, inn Greenfield. William Jackson g Newton. .Boston. Levi Lincoln 4 Worcester. Gay ton P. Osgood .North Andover. Stephen C. Phillips 5 Salem. John Reed Yarmouth. Resigned in 1834 2 Resigned in 1834, having been elected governor. s Took hig 8eat March 17 1834 4 Elected , Dec 1 C 1834 IeSlgae * > * k hla 86at March 5 > 1834 5 Elected ^ P>* of Rufus Choate, resigned; took his seat MISSISSIPPI. SENATORS. John Black Monroe. | George Poindexter l . . . REPRESENTATIVES. Henry Cage Woodville. | Franklin E. Plummer Elected president pro tern. June 25, 1834. .Wilkinson. .Westville. MISSOURI. SENATORS. Thomas H. Benton St. Louis. | Lewis F. Linni St. Louis. REPRESENTATIVES. William H. Ashley St. Louis. | John Bull Chariton. 1 Appointed in place of Alexander Buckner, deceased hi 1833 ; took hia seat Dec. 16, 1833 ; subsequently elected by the legislature. Samuel Bell. Benning M. Bean.Moultenborough. Robert Burns Hebron. NEW HAMPSHIRE. SENATORS. Chester. | Isaac Hill REPRESENTATIVES. Joseph M. Harper Canterbury. Henry Hubbard Charlestown. Franklin Pierce. Concord. . ...Hillsborough. Theodore Frelinghuysen. NEW JERSEY. SENATORS. .Newark. I Samuel L. Southard . .Trenton. REPRESENTATIVES. Philemon Dickerson Paterson. Thomas Lee Port Elizabeth. Samuel Fowler Hamburg. James Parker Perth Amboy. Ferdinand S. Schenck . Six Mile Run. William N. Shiun. . . .Mount Holly. Nathaniel P. Tallmadge . John Adams Catskill. Samuel Beardsley Utica. Abraham Bockee Federal Store. Charles Bodle Bloomingburg. John W. Brown Newburg. Churchill C. Cambreleng. .N. York. Samuel Clark Waterloo. John Cramer Waterford. Rowland Day Sempronius. John Dicksoii West Bloomneld. Charles G. Ferris l New York. Millard Filhnore Buffalo. Philo C. Fuller Geneseo. William K. Fuller Chittenaugo. NEW YORK. SENATORS. . . .Poughkeepsie. | Silas Wright, jun. REPRESENTATIVES. Ransom H. Gillet Ogdensburg. Nicholl Halsey Trumansburg. Gideon Hard Albion. Samuel G. Hathaway Solon. .Canton. John J. Morgan 3 New York. Charles McVean Canajoharie. Sherman Page Unadillq,. Job Pierson Schaghticoke. Abner Hazeltine Jamestown. Edward Ho well Bath. Abel Huntiugton E. Hampton. Noadiah Johnson Delhi. Gerrit Y. Lansing Albany. Cornelius W. Lawrence 2 . .N. York. George W. Lay Batavia. Abijah Mann, jun Fairfield. Henry C. Martindale . ..Sandy Hill. Henry Mitchell Norwich. 1 Elected in place of Dudley Selden, resigned; took his seat Dec. 1, 1834. 2 Resigned in 1834, having been elected mayor of New- York City. a Elected in place of Cornelius W. Lawrence, resigned; took Ms seat Dec. 1, 1834. * Resigned 111 1834. Dudley Selden 4 New York. AVilliam Taylor Manlius. Joel Turrill Oswego. Aaron Vanderpoel Kinderhook. Isaac R. Van Houten . . Clarkstown. Aaron Ward Mt. Pleasant. Daniel Ward well Mannsville. Reuben Whallon Split Rock. Campbell P. White New York. Frederick Wliittlosey . . . Rochester. 86 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Bedford Brown. NORTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. .Brown s Store. | Willie P. Mangum. .Red Mountain. Daniel L. Barringer Raleigh. Jesse A. Bynuin Halifax. Henry W. Conner . .Sherrill s Ford. Edmund Deberry. . .Lawrenceville. Jaines Graham Rutherford. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas H. Hall Tarborough. Micajali T. Hawkins . . . Warrenton. James J. McKay . . .Elizabethtown. Abraham Rencher Pittsborough. William B. Shepard .Elizabeth City. A. H. Shepperd Germ antown. Jesse Speight Stantonsburg. Lewis Williams Panther Creek. Thomas Ewing William Allen Chillicothe. James M. Bell Cambridge. John Chancy Courtwright. Thomas Cor win Lebanon. Joseph II. Crane Dayton. Thomas L. Hamer Georgetown. Benjamin Jones Worcester. OHIO. SENATORS. Lancaster. | Thomas Morris. . REPRESENTATIVES. Daniel Kilgore * Cadiz. Humphrey Leavitt^. . .Steubenville. Robert T. Lytle 3 Cincinnati. Jeremiah MrLene Columbus. Robert Mitchell Zanesville. William Patterson Mansfield. Jonathan Sloane Ravenna. .Bethel. David Rpangler Coshpcton. John Thomson New Lisbon. Joseph Vance Ur liana. Samuel F. Vintoii Gallipolis. Taylor Webster Hamilton. Elisha Whittlesey Canlield. 1 Elected in place of Humphrey H. Leavitt, resigned; took his seat Dec. 1, 1834. 2 Resided in 1834, having been appointed judge of the United States District Court. 3 Elected to supply the vacancy caused by his own resignation; again took his seat Dec. 27, 1834. PENNSYLVANIA. SENATORS. James Buchanan * Lancaster. I William Wilkins 2 . Samuel McKean Burlington. .Pittsburg. Joseph B. Anthony. Williamsport. John Banks Mercer. Charles A. Barnitz York. Andrew Beaumont Wilkesbarre. Horace Binney Philadelphia. George Burd Bedford. George Chambers.. .Chainbersburg. William Clark Dauphin. Richard Coulter Greensburg. Edward Darlington Chester. REPRESENTATIVES. I Harmer Denny Pittsburg. John Galbraith Franklin. James Harper Philadelphia. Samuel S. Harrison Kittanning. Joseph Henderson . .Brown s Mills. William Hiester . . . . ( .lsrew Holland. Henry King . Allentown. John Laporte Asylum. T. M. T. McKennan. . .Washington. Joel K. Maun Jenkeiitown. Jesse Miller .Landisburg. Henry A. Muhlenburg. Reading. David Potts, jun Pottstown. Robert Ramsay Hartsville. Andrew Stewart Uniontown. Joel B. Sutherland. . ..Philadelphia. David D. Wage nor Easton. John G. Watinough . .Philadelphia. Elected in place of William Wilkins, resigned; took his scat Dec. 15, 1834. minister to Russia. 2 Resigned in 1834, having been appointed RHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. Nehemiah R. Knight Providence. | Asher Robbing * Newport. REPRESENTATIVES. Tristam Burges Providence. | Dutee J. Pearce Newport. 1 Seat unsuccessfully contested by E. R. Potter. John C. Calhoun. SOUTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. . .Fort Hill. | William C. Preston , James Blair l Lynch wood. Robert B. Campbell 2 . .Brownsville. William K. Clowney. . .Union C.H. Warreii R. Davis 3 ..Pendleton C.H. REPRESENTATIVES. John M. Felder Orangeburg. William J. Gravson Beaufort. John K. Griffin" Milton. Richard J. Manning 4 Fulton. .Columbia. George McDuffie 5 Willington. Francis W. Pickens 6 . . . .Edgefield. Henry L. Pinckney Charleston. 1 Died April 1, 1834. * Elected in place of Thomas D. Singleton, deceased in 1833; took his seat Feb. 27, 1834. Died i. 29, 1835. * Elected in place of James Blair, deceased ; took his seat Dec. 8, 1834. Resigned in 1834. Elected in i.. , . , place of George McDuflie, resigned; took his seat Dec. 8, 1834. Felix Grundy. TENNESSEE. SENATORS. .Nashville. | Hugh Lawson White J . 1 President pro tern. .Knoxville. THE TWENTY-THIRD CONGRESS. 87 John Bell 1 Nashville. John Blair Jonesborough. Samuel Bunch Rutledge. David Crockett Crockett s. David W. Dickinson, Murfreesboro . REPRESENTATIVES. "William C. Dunlap Bolivar. John B. Forester McMinnsville. William M. luge Fayetteville. Cave Johnson Ciarksville. Luke Lea Campbell s Station. Balie Peyton Gallatin. James K. Polk Columbia. James Standifer Mount Airy. 1 Elected speaker June 2, 1834, in place of Andrew Stevenson, resigned. VERMONT. SENATORS. Samuel Prentiss Montpelier. | Benjamin Swift St. Alban s. REPRESENTATIVES. Heman Allen Burlington. Benjamin F. Derning 1 Danville. Horace Everett "Windsor. Hiland Hall Bennington. Henry F. Janes 2 Waterbury. "William Slade Middlebury. Died July 11, 1834. 2 Elected in place of Benjamin F. Doming, deceased; took his seat Dec. 2, 1834. Benjamin "W. Leigh l "William C. Rives 2 Lindsey s Store. VIRGINIA. SENATORS. John Tyler 8 . .Gloucester C.H. John J. Allen Clarksburg. "William S. Archer Elkhill. James M. H. Beale New Market. James "W. Bouldin 4 . Charlotte C.H. Thomas T. Bouldin 6. Charlotte C.H. Joseph "W. Chinn Nuttsville. Nathaniel H. Claiborne .Rocky Mt. Thomas Davenport Meadsville. REPRESENTATIVES. John H. Fulton Abingdon. James H. Gholson Percivals . "William F. Gordon. Lindsey s Store. George Loyall Norfolk. Edward Lucas Charlestown. John Y. Mason Hicksford. William McComas Greenbriar. Sainl. McDowell Moore .Lexington. Charles F. Mercer Aldie. John M. Patton Fredericksburg. John Robertson 6 Richmond. Andrew Stevenson 7 . . . .Richmond. William P. Taylor .Fredericksburg. Edgar C. Wilson Morgantown. Henry A. Wise Onancock. Resigned in 1834. Elected president 1 Elected in place of William C. Rives, resigned; took his seat March 5, 1834. . pro tern. March 3, 1835. * Elected in place of Thomas T. Bouldin, deceased ; took his seat March 28, 1834. Died Feb. 11, 1834, in his seat, while addressing the House. Elected in place of Andrew Stevenson, resigned; took his seat Dec. 8, 1834. i Elected speaker Dec. 2, 1833; and resigned his seat in Congress June 2, 1834. ARKANSAS TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Ambrose H. Sevier ................................................................................. Little Rock. FLORIDA TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Joseph M. White .................................................................................... Monticello. MICHIGAN TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Lucius Lyon. .Bronson. 88 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. THE TWENTY-FOUKTH CONGBESS, First Session, from Dec. 7, 1835, to July 4, 1836. Second Session, from Dec. 5, 1836, to March 3, 1837. Vice-President, MARTIN VAN BUKEN of New York. President of the Senate pro tempore. WILLIAM R. KING of Alabama, elected July 1, 183G, and again elected Jan. 28, 1837. Secretaries of the Senate. WALTER LOWRIE of Pennsylvania; ASBIJRY DICKENS of North Carolina, elected Dec. 12, 1836. Speaker of the House. JAMES K. POLK of Tennessee. Clerk of the House. WALTER S. FRANKLIN of Pennsylvania. ALABAMA. SENATORS. William R. King 1 Selrna. | Gabriel Moore Huntsville. REPRESENTATIVES. Joshua L. Martin Athens. Reuben Chapman Somerville. Joab Lawler Mardisville. DixonH. Lewis 2 .Lowndesborough. Francis S. Lyon Demopolis. i Elected president pro tern. July 1, 1836, and Jan. 28, 1837. * Took his seal March 8, 1836. ARKANSAS. SENATORS. William S. Fulton 1 Little Rock. | Ambrose H. Sevier 1 Lake Port. REPRESENTATIVE. Archibald Yell i.. Fayetteville. 1 Took his seat Dec. 5, 1836. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. John M. Niles 1 Hartford. | Gideon Tomlinson Faixfield. REPRESENTATIVES. Elisha Haley Mystic. Orrin Holt 2 Willington. Samuel Ingham Say brook. Andrew T. Judson Canterbury. Lancelot Phelps Hitchcockville. Isaac Toucey Hartford. Thomas T. Whittlesey 8 . .Danbury. Zalmon Wildman 4 1 Appointed in place of Nathan Smith, deceased Dec. 6, 1835; took his seat Dec. 21, 1835; subsequently elected by the legis lature. 2 Took his seat Dec. 6, 1836. 8 Elected in place of Zalmon Wildman, deceased; took his seat April 29, 1836. * Died Dec. 10, 1835. DELAWARE. SENATORS. Richard H. Bayard l Wilmington. Thomas Clayton 8 ,....,,, Dover. John M. Clayton 2 Dover. Arnold Naudain 4 Wilmington. REPRESENTATIVE. John J. Milligan Wilmington. 1 Elected hi place of Arnold Naudain, resigned; took his seat June 20, 1836. 2 Resigned in 1836. s Elected hi place of John M. Clayton, resigned ; took his seat Jan. 19, 1837. * Resigned June 16, 1836. GEORGIA. SENATORS. Alfred Cuthbert Monticello. | John P. King Augusta. THE TWENTY-FOURTH CONGRESS. Julius 0. Alf ord 1 Jesse F. Cleveland . . .Decatur. John Coffee 2 Jacksonville. William C. Dawson 3 . .Greensboro . REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas Glascock Augusta. Seaton Grantlaud Milledgeville. Charles E. Haynes Sparta. Hopkins Holsey Hamilton. Jabez Jackson Clarkesville. George W. Owens Savannah. George W. B. Towns 4 . . .Talbotton. i Elected in place of G. W. B. Towns, resigned; took his seat Jan. 31, 1837. * Died in 1836. * Elected in place of John Coffee, deceased; took his seat Dec. 26, 1836. * Resigr J - igned in 1836. ILLINOIS. SENATORS. William D. Ewing * Vandalia. John M. Robinson Carmi Elias Kent Kane 2 Kaskaskia. REPRESENTATIVES. Zadok Casey Mt. Vernon. | John Reynolds Belleville. | William L. May Springfield. 1 Elected in place of Elias Kent Kane, deceased ; took his seat Jan. 25, 1836. Died Dec. 11, 1835. INDIANA. SENATORS. William Hendricks Madison. | John Tipton. REPRESENTATIVES. Ratliff Boon Booneville. John Carr Charleston. John W. Davis Carlisle. Edward A. Hannegan . .Covington. William Herod 1 Columbus. George L. Kinnard 2 . .Indianapolis. .Logansport. Amos Lane Lawrenceburgh. Jonathan McCarty. . . .Fort Wayne. 1 Took his seat Jan. 25, 1837. 2 Died Nov. 25, 1836. Henry Clay. Chilton Allan Winchester. Lynn Boyd, New Design. John Calhoun Hardinsburgh. John Chambers Washington. Richard French Mt. Sterling. KENTUCKY. SENATORS. .Lexington. | John J. Crittenden. REPRESENTATIVES. .Frankfort. William J. Graves New Castle. Benjamin Hardin Bardstown. James Harlan Harrodsburg. Albert G. Hawes Hawesville. Richard M. Johnson . .Gt. Crossing. J. R. Underwood. . .Bowling Green. John White Richmond. Sherrod Williams Monticello. Alexander Mouton * Robert Carter Nicholas 2 . LOUISIANA. SENATORS. Alexander Porter 8 , REPRESENTATIVES. Rice Garland Opelousas. I Eleazer W. Ripley Jackson. Henry Johnson Donaldsonville. | 1 Elected in place of Alexander Porter, resigned ; took his seat Feb. 2, 1837. never took his seat; took his seat March 4, 1836. * Elected in place of Charles E. A. Gayarre, who , Resigned Jan. 5, 1837. MAINE. SENATORS. Judah Dana * Fryeburg. John Ruggles Thomaston. EtherShepley 2 Saco. Jeremiah Bailey Wiscasset. George Evans Gardiner. John Fairneld. Saco. REPRESENTATIVES. Joseph Hall Camden. Leonard Jarvis Ellsworth. Moses Mason, jun Bethel. Gorham Parks Bangor. Francis O. J. Smith Portland. Appointed in place of Ether Shepley, resigned ; took his seat Dec. 21, 1836. * Resigned in 1836. MARYLAND. SENATORS. Robert H. Goldaborough 1 Easton. I John S. Spence 2 . Joseph Kent Bladensburg. | REPRESENTATIVES . James A. Pearce Chestertown. John N. Steele Vienna. Francis Thomas Frederick. .Berlin. Benjamin C. Howard Baltimore. Daniel Jenifer Harrison s Lots. Isaac McKim Baltimore. James Turner Wiseburg. G. C. Washington Rockville. Died in 1836. * Elected in place of Robert H. Goldsborough, deceased; took his seat Jan. 11, 1837. 90 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. MASSACHUSETTS. SENATORS. John Davis Worcester. | Daniel Webster. Boston. REPRESENTATIVES. John Quincy Adams Quincy. Nathaniel B. Borden Fall River. George M. Brings Lanesborough. William B. Calhoun. . . .Springfield. Caleb Gushing Newburyport. George Grennell, jun. Greeniield. Samuel Hoar Concord. William Jackson Newton. Abbott Lawrence Boston. Levi Lincoln Worcester. Stephen C. Phillips Salem. John Reed Yarmouth. MICHIGAN. SENATORS. Lucius Lyon 1 Bronson. | John Norvell l Detroit. REPRESENTATIVE. Isaac E. Crary 2 Marshall. * Took his seat Jan. 26, 1837. 2 Took his seat Jan. 27, 1837. MISSISSIPPI. SENATORS. John Black Monroe. | Robert J. Walker * Madisonville. REPRESENTATIVES. John F. H. Claiborne .Madisonville. | David Dickson 2 . Jackson. | Samuel J. Gholson s 1 Took his seat Feb. 22, 1836. * Died in 1836. * Elected in place of David Dickson, deceased ; took Ms seat Jan. 7, 1837. MISSOURI. SENATORS. Thomas H. Benton St. Louis. I Louis F. Linn St. Genevieve. REPRESENTATIVES. William H. Ashley St. Louis. | Albert S. Harrison Fulton. NEW HAMPSHIRE. SENATORS. Isaac Hill l Concord. John Page 2 Haverhill. Henry Hubbard Charlestown. REPRESENTATIVES . Benning M. Bean. . . .Moultonboro . I Samuel Cushman Portsmouth. I Joseph Weeks Richmond. Robert Burns Plymouth. | Franklin Pierce Hillsborough. | 1 Resigned May 28, 1836, having been elected governor. 2 Elected in place of Isaac Hill, resigned; took his seat June 13, 1836. \ NEW JERSEY. SENATORS. Samuel L. Southard Trenton. | GarretD. Wall Burlington. REPRESENTATIVES. William Chetwood i.Elizabethto wn. Philemon Dickerson 2 Paterson. Samuel Fowler Hamburg. Thomas Lee Port Elizabeth. James Parker Perth Amboy. Ferdinand S. Schenk.Six Mile Run. William N. Shinn Mt. Holly. 1 Took bis seat Dec. 5, 1836, having been elected in place of Philemon Dickerson, resigned. Resigned in 1836. NEW YORK. SENATORS. M. P. Tallmadge Poughkeepsie. | Silas Wright, jun Canton. THE TWENTY-FOURTH CONGRESS. 91 Samuel Barton .Richmond. Samuel Beardsley * Utica. Abraham Bockee Federal Store. Matthias J. Boree Amsterdam. Jolm W. Bro\vu Newburg. Churchill C. Cambreleng. .N. York. G. H. Chapin Rochester. Timothy Childs Lyons. John Cramer Waterford. U. F. Doubleday Auburn. Valentine Effner Jefferson. Dudley Farlin Dudley. Philo C. Fuller 2 Geneseo. "William K. F tiller Chittenango. BEPKESENTATIVES. Ransom II. Gillet Ogdensburg. Francis Granger Canandaigua. Gideon Hard Albion. Abner Hazeltine Jamestown. Hiram P. Hunt Troy. Abel Huntington E. Hampton. Gerrit Y. Lansing Albany. George W. Lay Batavi a. Gideon Lee Ne\v York. Joshua Lee Peiin Yann. Stephen B. Leonard Oswego. Thomas C. Love Buffalo. John McKeon New York. Abijah Mann, jun Fairiield. Resigned March 29, 1836. 1836. Resigned in 1836. s Elected in place of Samuel Beardsley, resigned; Elected in place of Philo C. Fuller, resigned ; took his seat Dec. 6, 1836. William Mason Preston. Rutger B. Miller 3 Utica. Eli Moore New York. Sherman Page Unadilla. Joseph Reynolds Virgil. David Russell Salem. William Seymour .Birighamtoii. Nicholas Sickles ..Kingston. William Taylor Manlius. Joel Turreli Oswego. Aaron Vanderpoel Kinderhook. Aaron Ward Mt. Pleasant. Daniel AVardwell Manusville. John Young 4 Geneseo. took his seat Dec. 5, NORTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. Bedford Brown Brown s Store. I Robert Strange 2 . Willie P. Mangum * Red Mountain. .Fayetteville. Jesse A. Bynum Halifax. Henry W. Conner . .Sherrill s Ford. Edmund Deberry . . .Lawrenceville. James Graham 3 Rutherford. Micajah T. Hawkins . . .Warrenton. REPRESENTATIVES. James J. McKay . . . Elizabethtown. William Montgomery. . . .Albrights. Ebenezer Pettigrew. . . .Cool Spring. Abraham Renclier Pittsborough. William B. Sliepard . Elizabeth City. A. H. Shepperd Germantown. Jesse Speight Stantonsburg. Lewis Williams Panther Creek. 1 Resigned in 1836. J Elected in place of Willie P. Mangum, resigned ; took his seat Dec. 15, 1836. s Seat declared vacant March 29. 1836, on account of irregularities in election ; subsequently elected at new election, and took his seat Dec. 5, 1836. OHIO. Thomas Ewing. William K. Bond Chillicothe. John Chancy Courtwright. Thomas Corwin Lebanon. Joseph H. Crane Dayton. Thomas L. Hainer Georgetown. Elias Howell . . . . Newark. Benjamin Jones Worcester. SENATORS. Lancaster. | Thomas Morris. . REPRESENTATIVES . William Kennon ... .St. Clairsville. Daniel Kilgore Cadiz. Jeremiah McLene Columbus. Samson Mason Springfield. William Patterson Mansh eld. Jonathan Sloane Ravenna. David Spangler Coshocton. .Bethel. Bellamy Storer Cincinnati. John Thomson New Lisbon. Samuel F. Vinton Gallipolis. Taylor Webster Hamilton. Elisha Whittlesey Canh eld. James Buchanan. Joseph B. Anthony. .Williamsport. Michael W. Ash Philadelphia. John Banks * Mercer. Andrew Beaumont . ..Wilkesbarre. James Black - Newport. Andrew Buchanan . ..Waynesburg. George Chambers. ..Chambersburg. William Clark Dauphin. Edward Darlington Chester. Harmar Denny Pittsburg. Jacob Fry, jun Trappe. 1 Resigned in 1836. PENNSYLVANIA. SENATORS. Lancaster. | Samuel McKean. REPRESENTATIVES. John Galbraith Franklin. James Harper Philadelphia. Samuel S. Harrison Kittanning. William Hiester New Holland. Joseph Henderson . .Brown s Mills. Edward 15. Hubloy. . .Orwig-iburgh. Joseph R. Ingersoll. ..Philadelphia. John Kilgensmith, jun., Stewarts ville. Jolm Laporte Asylum. Henry Logan Dillsburg. .Burlington. Thomas M. T. McKennan, Washington. Job Mann Bedford. Jesse Miller 3 Landisburg. Mathias Morris Doylestown. Henry A. Muhlenburg. . . .Reading. John J. Pierson * Mercer. David Potts, jun Pottstown. Joel B. Sutherland . . . Philadelphia. David D. Wagener Eastoii. 2 Elected in place of Jesse Miller, resigned ; took his seat Dec. 5, 1836. in place of John Banks, resigned ; took his seat Dec. 5, li-36. 3 Resigned in 1836. Elected EHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. NehemiahR. Knight Providence. | Asher P. Robbins Newport. REPRESENTATIVES . Dutee J. Pearce Newport. | William Sprague, jun .Natick. John C. Calhoun. SOUTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. . .Fort Hill. | William C. Preston Columbia. 92 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Robert B. Campbell. . .Brownsville. Franklin H. Elmore *. . . .Columbia. "William J. Grayson Beaufort. Jolm IL Griffin Milton. REPRESENTATIVES. James H. Hammond 2 . . . .Silverton. Richard J. Manning 3 Fulton. Francis W. Pickens.Edgefield C. H. Henry L. Pinckney .... Charleston. John P. Richardson 4 Fulton. James Rogers Yorkville. Waddy Thompson, jun., Greenville C. H. 1 Elected in place of J. H. Hammond, resigned; took his seat Dec. 19, 1836. 2 Resigned in 1836. * Elected in place of Richard J. Manning, deceased; took his seat Dec. 19, 1836. Died May 1, 1836. Felix Grundy. John Bell Nashville. Samuel Bunch Rntledge. William B. Carter. . . .Elizabethton. William C. Dunlap Bolivar. John B. Forester McMinnsville. TENNESSEE. SENATORS. .Nashville. | Hugh Lawson White. REPRESENTATIVES. .Knoxville. Adam Huntsman Jackson. Cave Johnson Clarksville. Luke Lea Campbell s Station. Abraham P. Maury Franklin. Bailie Peyton Gallatin. 1 Elected speaker Dec. 7, 1835. James K. Polk 1 Columbia. Ebenezer J. Shields Pulaski. James Standifer Mount Airy. VERMONT. SENATORS. Samuel Prentiss Montpelier. | Benjamin Swift. REPRESENTATIVES. Heman Allen Burlington. Horace Everett Windsor. Hiland Hall Bennington. Henry F. Janes Water bury. .St. Alban s. William Slade Middlebury. VIRGINIA. SENATORS. Benjamin W. Leigh 1 Richmond. Richard E. Parker 2 Snickersville. William C. Rives 8 Lindsey s Store. John Tyler 4 Gloucester C. H. REPRESENTATIVES. James M. H. Beale . . .Mt. Jackson. James W. Bouldin. .Charlotte C. H. Nathaniel H. Claiborne. .Rocky Mt. Walter Coles Robertson s Store. Robert Craig Cbristiansburg. George C. Dromgoole.Gholsonville. James Garland Lovingston. 1 Resigned in 1836. 2 Elected in place of Benjamin W. Leigh, resigned ; took his John Tyler, resigned; took his seat March 14, 1836. * Resigned Feb. 29, George W. Hopkins Lebanon. Joseph Johnson Bridgeport. John W. Jones Petersburg. George Loyall Norfolk. Edward Lucas, jun Charlestown. William McComas Cabell C. H. John Y. Mason s Hicksford. Charles F. Mercer Aldie. William S. Morgan White Day. John M. Patton. . . . Fredericksburg. John Roane Rumford Academy. John Robertson Richmond. John Taliaferro. . . .Fredericksburg. Henry A. Wise Accomac C. H. seat Dec. 15, 1836. s Elected in place of 1836. Resigned Jan. 11, 1837. FLORIDA TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Joseph M. White Monticello. WISCONSIN TERRITORY. DELEGATE. George W. Jones Sinsinawa Mound. TELE TWENTY-FIFTH CONGRESS. 93 THE TWENTY-FIFTH CONGEESS, First Session, from Sept. 4, 1837, to Oct. 16, 1837. Second Session, from Dec. 4, 1837, to July 9, 1838. Third Session, from Dec. 3, 1838, to March 3, 1839. Vice-President. RICHARD M. JOHNSON- of Kentucky. President of the Senate pro tempore. WILLIAM R. KING of Alabama, elected March 7, 1837, at special session; again elected Oct. 13, 1837; again elected July 2, 1838; and again elected Feb. 25, 1839. Secretary of the Senate. ASBURY DICKENS of North Carolina. Speaker of the House. JAMES K. POLK of Tennessee. Clerks of the House. WALTER S. FRANKLIN of Pennsylvania; HUGH A. GARLAND of Virginia, elected Dec. 3, 1838. ALABAMA. SENATORS. Clement C. Clay HuntsviUe. | William R. King*. REPRESENTATIVES. Reuben Chapman Somerville. I Joab Lawler 3 Mardisville. George W. Crabb 2 Tuscaloosa. | Dixon H. Lewis. .Lowndesborough. .Selma. Francis S. Lyon Demopolis. Joshua L. Martin Athens. 1 Elected president pro tern. July 2, 1838. 2 Elected in place of Joab Lawler, deceased; took Ms seat Dec. 3. 1838. May 8, 1838. 3 Died ARKANSAS. SENATORS. William S. Fulton Little Rock. | Ambrose H. Sevier Lake Port. REPRESENTATIVE. Archibald Yell Fayetteville. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. John M. Niles Hartford. | Perry Smith New Milford. REPRESENTATIVES . Elisha Haley Mystic. Samuel Ingham Saybrook. Isaac Toucey Hartford. Orriii Holt Willington. Lancelot Phelps Hitchcockville. Thomas T. Whittlesey Danbury. DELAWAEE. SENATORS. Richard H. Bayard Wilmington. | Thomas Clayton. Dover. REPRESENTATIVE. John J. Milligan Wilmington. GEORGIA. SENATORS. Alfred Cut.hbert Monticello. Wilson Lumpkin 2 Athens. John P. King l Augusta. REPRESENTATIVES. Jesse F. Cleveland Decatur. Seaton Grantland . . . .Milledgeville. Jabez Jackson Clarkesville. Wm. C. Dawson. . .Greeiisborough. Charles E. Haynes Sparta. George W. Owens Savannah. Thomas Glascock Augusta. Hopkins Holsey Hamilton. George W. B. Towns Talbotton. * Resigned in 1837. * Elected in place of John P. King, resigned; took his seat Dec. 13, 1837. 94 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. ILLINOIS. SENATORS. John M. Robinson Carmi. | Richard M. Young Quincy. REPRESENTATIVES. Zadoc Casey Mt. Vernon. | William L. May Springfield. | Adam W. Snyder Belleville. Oliver H. Smith , Ratliff Boon Booneville. George H. Dunn Lawrenceburg. John Ewing Vincennes. INDIANA. SENATORS. . . . . Connersville. | John Tipton .... REPRESENTATIVES. "William Graham Vallonia. "William Herod Columbus. James Rariden Centreville. Albert S. "White. Logansport. , Lafayette. Henry Clay , KENTUCKY. SENATORS. .Lexington. | John J. Crittenden. .Frankfort. John Calhoun Hardinsburg. John Chambers Washington. William J. Graves New Castle. James Harlan Harrodsburg. Richard Hawes Winchester. REPRESENTATIVES. Richard H. Menefee. ..Mt. Sterling. John L. Murray . . ..Wadesboroiigh. John Pope Springfield. Edward Rumsey Greenville. William W. Southgate. .Covingtou. J. R. Underwood . .Bowling Green. John White Richmond. Sherrod Williams Monticello. LOUISIANA. SENATORS. Alexander Mouton Vermilionville. | Robert C. Nicholas Donaldsonville. REPRESENTATIVES . Rice Garland Opelousas. | Henry Johnson Brmgiers. | Eleazer W. Ripley Jackson. John Ruggles Hugh J. Anderson Belfast. Timothy J. Carter x Paris. Jonathan Cilley 2 Thomastown. Thomas Davee Blanchard. MAINE. SENATORS. Thomaston. | Reuel Williams. REPRESENTATIVES. George Evans Gardiner. John Fairfleld Saco. Joseph C. Noyes Eastport. Virgil D. Parris 3 Buckfield. .Augusta. Edward Robinson 4 . . . .Thomaston. Francis O. J. Smith Portland. i Died March 14, 1838. 2 Died Feb. 24, 1838 ; killed in a duel by William J. Graves of Kentucky. Elected in place of Timothy J. Carter, deceased; took his seat May 29, 1838. * Elected in place of Jonathan Cilley, deceased; took his seat April 28, 1838. MARYLAND. SENATORS. Joseph Kent l Bladensburg. I John S. Spence. William D. Merrick 2 Allen s Fresh. .Berlin. John H. Dennis Princess Anne. Benjamin C. Howard.. . .Baltimore. Daniel Jenifer Harrison s Lot. REPRESENTATIVES. William C. Johnson Jefferson. John P. Kennedy 3 Baltimore. Isaac McKim 4 Baltimore. James A. Pearce Chestertown. Francis Thomas Frederick. John T. H. Worthington . . .Golden. Died Nov. 24, 1837. Elected in place of Joseph Kent, deceased; took his seat Jan. 5. 1838. 8 Elected in place of Isaac McKim, deceased; took his seat April 30, 1838. * Died April 1, 1838. John Davis John Quincy Adams Quincy. Nathaniel B. Borden. . . .Fall River. George N. Brings. . ..Lanesboroiigh. William B. Callioun Springfield. Caleb Cushing Newburyport. MASSACHUSETTS. SENATORS. Worcester. | Daniel Webster . REPRESENTATIVES. Richard Fletcher Boston. Goorge Grennell, jun Greenfield. William S. Hastings Mendon. Levi Lincoln Worcester. William Parm enter. .E. Cambridge. .Boston. Stephen C. Phillips 1 Salem. John Reed Leverett Saltonstall 2 Salem. ng Newburyport. William Pannenter. .E. Cambridge. Resigned in 1838. 2 Elected in place of Stephen C. Phillips, resigned; took his seat Dec. 5, 1838. THE TWENTY-FIFTH CONGRESS. 95 MICHIGAN. SENATORS. Lucius Lyon Bronson. I John Norvell. Isaac E. Crary REPRESENTATIVE. . .Detroit. .Marshall. MISSISSIPPI. SENATORS. John Black 1...... Monroe. I Robert J. Walker Madisonville. JainesF. Trotter2 | Thomas H. Williams Pontitoc. REPRESENTATIVES. John F. H. Claiborne 4 Madison ville. I Sergeant S. Prentiss 5 Vicksbure Samuel J. Gholson 4 Athens. | Thomas J. Word 5 Pontitoc. 1 Resigned in 1838. 2 Elected in place of John Black, resided ; took his seat Feb. 19, 1838 ; resided in 1838. s Appointed in place of James F. Trotter, resigned; took his scat Dec. 13, 1838. * Declared to have been duly elected Oct 3 1837 decision subsequently reversed, and seat declared vacant Jan. 31, 1838. Elected at new election, and took his seat May 30 1838 MISSOURI. SENATORS. Thomas H. Benton St. Louis. | Louis F. Linn. . REPRESENTATIVES. Albert G. Harrison Fulton. | John Miller .... .St. Genevieve. Boon ville. NEW HAMPSHIRE. SENATORS. Henry Hubbard Charlestown. | Franklin Pierce . REPRESENTATIVES . Charles G. Atherton Nashua. I James Farrington Rochester. Samuel Cushman Portsmouth. | Joseph Weeks Richmond. .Hillsborough. Jared W. Williams Lancaster. Samuel L. Southard. NEW JERSEY. SENATORS. .Trenton. I Garret D. Wall. .Burlington. REPRESENTATIVES. John B. Ayckrigg Hackensack. I John P. B. Maxwell Belvidere. I Charles C. Stratton.Swedesborough. William Halstead Trenton. | Joseph F. Randolph Freehold. | Thomas Jones Yorke Salem. Nathaniel P. Tallmadge. John T. Andrews.. .North Reading. Cyrus Beers * Ithaca. Bennet Bicknell Morrisville. Samuel Birdsall Waterloo. John C. Brodhead Modena. Isaac H. Bronson Watertown. Andrew D. W. Bruyn 2 Ithaca. Churchill C. Cambreleng. .N. York. Timothy Childs Rochester. John C. Clark Bainbridge. Edward Curtis New York. John I. DeGraff Schenectady. John Edwards Ephratah. Millard Fillmore Buffalo. NEW YORK. SENATORS. . . .Poughkeepsie. | Silas Wright, jun. REPRESENTATIVES. Henry A. Foster Rome. Albert Gallup East Berne. Abraham P. Grant Oswego. Hiram Gray Elmira. Ogden Hoffman New York. Thomas B. Jackson Newtown. Nathaniel Jones Warwick. Gouverneur Keinble . .Cold Spring. Arphaxed Loomis Little Falls. Richard P. Marvin Jamestown. Robert McLellan Middleburg. Charles F. Mitchell Lockport. Ely Moore New York. William H. Noble Cato. .Canton. 1 Elected in place of Andrew D. W. Bruyn, deceased; took liis seat Doc. 3, 1838 * Elected iu place of William Patterson, deceased; tcx John Palmer Plattsburg. Amasa J. Parker Delhi. WiUiam Patterson 3 Warsaw. Luther C. Peck Pike. Zadoc Pratt Prattsville. John H. Prentiss Cooperstown. Harvey Putnam 4 Attica. David Russell Salem. Mark H. Sibley Canandaigua. James B. Spencer. .Fort Covington. William Taylor Manlhis. Obadiah Titus Washington. Henry Vail Troy. Abraham Vanderveer Brooklyn. wo. 2 Died July 27, 1838. took his seat Dec. 3, 1838. 3 Died Aug. 14, 1838. 96 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Jesse A. Bynum Halifax. Henry "W. Connor . .Sberrill s Ford. Edward Deberry Lawrenceville. James Graham Rutherfordton. Micajah T. Hawkins . . .Warrentou. NORTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. ..Brown s Store. | Robert Strange.. REPRESENTATIVES. James J. McKay Elizabeth town. William Montgomery Albrights. Abraham Rencher. . . Pittsborough. Samuel T. Sawyer Edenton. Charles Shepard Newbern. .Fayetteville, Augustine H. Shepperd. .Bethania. Edward Stanly Washington. Lewis Williams Panther Creek. William Allen. Jas. Alexander, jun. .St. Clairsville. John W. Allen Cleveland. William K. Bond Chillicothe. John Chaney Courtwright. Charles D. Coffin * N. Lebanon. Thomas Corwin Lebanon. Alexander Duncan Cincinnati. Joshua R. Giddings 2 Jefferson. OHIO. SENATORS. Chillicothe. | Thomas Morris. . REPRESENTATIVES. Patrick G. Goode Sydney. Thomas L. Hamer Georgetown. Alexander Harper Zauesville. William H. Hunter Sandusky. Daniel Kilgore 3 Cadiz. Daniel P. Leadbetter. .Millersburg. Andrew W. Loomis 4 . .New Lisbon. Samson Mason Springfield. .Bethel. Calvary Morris Athens. James Ridgway Columbus. Matthias Sheplor Bethlehem. Henry Swearingen 5 . . . . .Smithfield. Taylor Webster Hamilton. Eli sha Whittlesey 6 Canfield. 1 Elected in place of Andrew W. Loomis, resigned ; took his seat Dec. 20, 1837. resigned; took his seat Pec. 3, 1838. 3 Resigned in 1838. * Resigned in 183T. resigned ; took his seat Dec. 3, 1838. " Resigned July 9, 1838. 2 Elected in place of Elisha Whittlesey, 6 Elected in place of Daniel Kilgore, James Buchanan. William Beatty Butler. Richard Biddle Pittsburg. Andrew Buchanan. . .Waynesburg. Edward Darlington Chester. Edward Dayies Churchtown. Jacob Fry, jun Trappe. Robert H. Hammond Milton. Thomas Henry Beaver. Edward B. Hubley. . . .Orwigsburg. George M. Keim 1 Reading. PENNSYLVANIA. SENATORS. Lancaster. | Samuel McKean. REPRESENTATIVES . John Kilgensmith, jr.Stewartsville. Henry Logan Dillsburg. Charles McClure Carlisle. Thos. M. T. McKennan.AVashingt n. Mathias Morris Doylestown. Samuel W. Morris.. .Wellsborough. Henry A. Muhlenberg 2 . . .Reading. Charles Naylor 8 Philadelphia. Charles Ogle Somerset. Lemuel Paynter Philadelphia. .Burlington. David Petrikin Danville. Arnold Plumer Franklin. William W. Potter Belief onte. David Potts, jun Pottstown. Luther Reily Harrisburg. John Sergeant Philadelphia. Daniel Sheffer . York. George AV. Toland. . . .Philadelphia. David D. Wagener Easton. Elected in place of Henry A. Muhlenberg. resigned ; took his seat March 17, 1838. * Resigned Feb. 9, 1838. place of Francis J. Harper, deceased March 18, 1837, having never taken his seat. Elected in RHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. Providence. | Asher Robbins Newport. REPRESENTATIVES. Robert B. Cranston Newport. | Joseph L. Tillinghast Providence. Nehemiah R. Knight. John C. Calhoun. SOUTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. . .Fort Hill. | William C. Preston. . Columbia. John Campbell Parnassus. AVilliam K. Clowney. . .Union C.H. Franklin H. Elmore Columbia. REPRESENTATIVES. John K. Griffin Milton. Hugh S. Legare Charleston. Francis W. Pickens.Edgeti.eld C.H. Robert Barnwell Rhett.. .Beaufort. John P. Richardson Fulton. AV. Thompson, jr. . .Greenville C.H. TENNESSEE. SENATORS. Ephraim H. Foster 1 Nashville. Hugh Lawson AVhite Knoxville. Felix Grundy 2 Nashville. 1 Appointed in place of Felix Grundy, resigned; took his seat Dec. 3, 1838. Resigned in 1838. THE TWENTY-FIFTH CONGEESS. 97 John Bell Nashville. William B. Campbell Carthage. William B. Carter Elizabethton. Eicbard Cheatham Springfield. John W. Crockett Paris. REPRESENTATIVES. Abraham P. Maury Franklin. Abraham McLellan . ..Blountsville. James K. Polk 1 Columbia. Ebenezer J. Shields Pulaski. William Stone 2 Delphi. Hopkins L. Turney. . . .Winchester. Christoph r II. Williams.Lexington. Joseph L. Williams Knoxville. Elected speaker Sept. 4, 1837. 2 Took his seat Oct. C, 1837. VERMONT. SENATORS. Samuel Prentiss Montpelier. | Benjamin Swift . , REPRESENTATIVES. Heman Allen Burlington. Isaac Fletcher Lyndon. Horace Everett Windsor. Hiland Hall Bennington. .St. Alban s. William Slade Middlebury. VIRGINIA. SENATORS. Eichard E. Parker * Snickersville. I William H. Eoane 2 . William C. Eives Lindsey s Store. | .Eichmond. Linn Banks 3 Madison C.H. Andrew Beirne Union. James W. Bouldin. .Charlotte C.H. Walter Coles . . . .Eobertson s Store. Eobert Craig Christiansburg. George C. Dromgoole Belfast. James Garland Lovingston. George W. Hopkins Lebanon. i Resigned in 1837, REPRESENTATIVES. Eobert M. T. Hunter Lloyd s. Joseph Johnson Bridgeport. John W. Jones Petersburg. Francis Mallory Hampton. James M. Mason Winchester. Charles F. Mercer Aldie. William S. Morgan White Day. John M. Patton 4 . . .Fredericksburg. I. S. Pennybacker. Francis E. Eives.. John Eobertson . . Archibald Stuart . John Taliaferro. . . Henry A. Wise... 2 Elected in place of Richard E. Parker, resigned; took his seat Sept. 4, 1837. John M. Patton, resigned; took his seat May 19, 1838. * Resigned in 1838. . . .Harrisonburg. Littleton. Eichmond. Mount Airy. . Fredericksburg. . ..Accoinac C.H. Elected in place of FLORIDA TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Charles Downing St. Augustine. IOWA TERRITORY. DELEGATE. William "W. Chapman. ..Burlington. WISCONSIN TERRITORY. DELEGATES. James Duane Doty 1 Astor. | George W. Jones 2 Sinsinawa Mound. 1 Successfully contested the election of George W. Jones ; took his seat Jan. 14, 1837. James D. Doty. Election successfully contested by 98 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. THE TWENTY-SIXTH CONGRESS. First Session, from Dec. 2, 1839, to July 21, 1840. Second Session, from Dec. 7, 1840, to March 3, 1841. Vice-President. RICHARD M. JOHNSON of Kentucky. President of the Senate pro tempore. "WILLIAM R. KING of Alabama, again elected July 20, 1840, and again elected March 3, 1841. Secretary of the Senate. ASBUKY DICKENS of North Carolina. Speaker of the House. R. M. T. HUNTER of Virginia. Clerk of the House. HUGH A. GARLAND of Virginia. ALABAMA. SENATORS. Clement C. Clay Huntsville. | William R. King 1 Selma. REPRESENTATIVES. Reuben Chapman Somerville. I James Dillett Claiborne. I Dixon H. Lewis. .Lowndesborough. George W. Crabb Tuscaloosa. | David Hubbard Courtland. | 1 President pro tern. ARKANSAS. SENATORS. William S. Fulton Little Rock. | Ambrose H. Sevier Lake Port. REPRESENTATIVE. Edward Cross Washington. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. Thaddeus Betts 1 Norwalk. Jabez W. Huntington 2 Norwich. Perry Smith New Milford. Wm. W. Boardman 3 . .New Haven. John H. Brockway Ellington. Thomas B. Osborne Fairheld. REPRESENTATIVES. Truman Smith Litchfield. William L. Storrs 4 ... .Middletown. Joseph Truinbull Hartford. Thomas W. Williams. New London. 1 Died April 7, 1840. Elected in place of Thaddeus Betts, deceased ; took his seat June 2, 1840. Elected in place of William L. Storrs, resigned; took his seat Dec. 7, 1840. * Resigned in 1840. DELAWARE. SENATORS. Richard H. Bayard Wilmington. | Thomas Clayton New Castle. REPRESENTATIVE. Thomas Robinson, jun Georgetown. GEORGIA. SENATORS. Alfred Cuthbert Monticello. | Wilson Lumpkin Athens. REPRESENTATIVES. Julius C. Alford La Grange. Edward J. Black . Jacksonborough. Walter T. Colquitt 1 Columbus. Mark A. Cooper Columbus. Wm. C. Dawson Greensborough. Ricli d W. Habersham .Clarkesvifle. Hines Holt 2 Thomas Butler King..Waynesville. Eugenius A. Nisbet Macon. Lott Warren Palmyra. Resigned in 1840, * Elected in place of Walter T. Colquitt, resigned ; took his seat Feb. 1, 1841. THE TWENTY-SIXTH CONGRESS. 99 ILLINOIS. SENATORS. John M. Robinson Carmi. | Richard M. Young REPRESENTATIVES. Zadok Casey Mount Vernon. | John Eeynolds Belleville. | John T. Stuart. Quincy. .Springfield. INDIANA. SENATORS. Oliver H, Smith Indianapolis. | Albert S. White REPRESENTATIVES. Henry S. Lane 2 . . . Crawfordsville. .Lafayette. John Carr Charlestown. John W. Davis Carlisle. Tilghman A. Howard *. . .Rockville. . George H. Proffit Petersburg. James Rariden Centre ville. Thoinas Smith Versailles. William W. Wick Indianapolis. 1 Resigned in 1840. * Elected in place of Tilghman A. Howard, resigned; took Ms seat Dec. 7, 1840. KENTUCKY. SENATORS. Henry Clay Lexington. | John J. Crittenden Frankfort. Simeon H. Anderson 1 . ..Lancaster. Landaff W. Andrews .Flemingsb g. Linn Boyd Belle view. William O. Butler Carrollton. Garrett Davis , Paris. REPRESENTATIVES. William J. Graves New Castle. Willis Green Greens. Richard Hawes Winchester. John Pope Springfield. John B. Thompson 2 . . Harrodsburg. Philip Triplett Owensborough. Joseph Underwood . Bowling Green. John White Richmond. Sherrod Williams Monticello. 1 Died Aug. 11, 1840. Elected in place of Simeon H. Anderson, deceased; took his seat Dec. 7, 1840. LOUISIANA. SENATORS. Alexander Mouton , Veruiilionville. | Robert C. Nicholas Donaldsonville. REPRESENTATIVES. John Moore 2 Franklin. Edward D. White Thibodeaux ville. Thomas W. Chinn Baton Rouge. Rice Garland v Opelousas. Resigned in 1840. 2 Elected in place of Rice Garland, resigned; took his seat Dec. 17, 1840. John Ruggles Hugh J. Anderson Belfast. Nathan Clifford Newfteld. Thomas Davee Blan chard. MAINE. SENATORS. Thomaston. | Reuel Williams. REPRESENTATIVES. George Evans Gardiner. Joshua A. Lowell East Machias. Virgil D. Parris Buckfield. -Augusta. Benjamin Randall Bath. Albert Smith Portland. MARYLAND. SENATORS. John Leeds Ker 1 Easton. John S. Spence 2 . William D. Merrick Allen s Fresh. .Berlin. James Carroll Baltimore. John Dennis Princess Anne. Solomon Hillen, jnn Baltimore. REPRESENTATIVES. Daniel Jenifer Milton Hill. William Cost Johnson . . .Jefferson. Francis Thomas Frederick. Philip F. Thomas Easton. John T. H. Worthington. .Shawan. 1 Elected in place of John S. Spence, deceased; took his seat Jan. 13, 1841. 2 Died in 1840. MASSACHUSETTS. SENATORS. Isaac C. Bates * Northampton. lluf us Choate 2 Boston. 1 Elected in place of John Davis, resigned; took his seat January, 1811. his scat March 1, 18-11. 8 Resigned in 1840. John Davis 3 Worcester. Daniel \Vebster 4 Boston. 2 Elected in place of Daniel Webster, resigned; took * Reigned Feb. 22, 1841. 100 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. John Quincy Adams Quincy. Osmyn Baker * Ainherst. George N. Briggs Lanesborough. William B. Calhoun Springfield. Caleb dishing Newburyport. REPRESENTATIVES. "William S. Hastings Mendon. Abbott Lawrence 2 Boston. Leyi Lincoln Worcester. William Parmenter. .E. Cambridge. John Reed Yarmouth. Leverett Saltonstall Salem. Henry Williams Taunton. Robert C. Wintlxrop 3 Boston. 1 Election unsuccessfully contested; elected in place of James C. Alvord, died Sept. 30, 1839, having never taken his seat. 2 Resigned in 1840. 3 Elected in place of Abbott Lawrence, resigned; took his seat Dec. 7, 1840. MICHIGAN. SENATORS. John Norvell Detroit. | Augustus S. Porter Detroit. REPRESENTATIVE. Isaac E. Crary Marshall. MISSISSIPPI. SENATORS. John Henderson Pass Christian. | Robert J. Walker. REPRESENTATIVES. Albert J. Brown Gallatin. | Jacob Thompson . . Madison ville. Pontotoc. MISSOUEI. SENATORS. Thomas H. Benton St. Louis. | Louis F. Linn REPRESENTATIVES. John Jameson Fulton. | John Miller. . . , .St. Genevieve. .Conner s Mills. NEW HAMPSHIRE. SENATORS. Henry Hubbard Charlestown. | Franklin Pierce . REPRESENTATIVES. .Concord. Charles G. Atherton Nashua. Edmund Burke Newport. Ira A. Eastman Gilmanton. Tristram Shaw Exeter. Jared W. Williams Lancaster. NEW JEESEY. SENATORS. Samuel L. Southard Trenton. | Garret D. Wall Burlington. REPRESENTATIVES. Joseph Kille * Salem. Jos. F. Randolph. New Brunswick. Election unsuccessfully contested ; took his seat March 10, 1840. Wm. R. Cooper i. . .Swedesborough. Philemon Dickerson l Paterson. Daniel B. Ryall 1 Freehold. Peter D. Vroom l Somerville. Nathaniel P. Tallmadge. Judson Allen Harpersville. Daniel I). Barnard Albany. David P. Brewster Oswego. Anson Brown 1 Ballston. Thomas C. Chittenden Adams. John C. Clark Bainbridge. Edward Curtis New York. Amasa Dana Ithaca. Nicholas B. Doe 2 Waterford. Andrew W. Doig Lowville. Neheiniah H. Earl Syracuse. John Ely Coxsackie. Millard Fillmore Buffalo. John Fine Ogdensburg. NEW YORK. SENATORS. . ..Poughkeepsie. | Silas Wright, jun. REPRESENTATIVES . John D. Floyd Utica. Seth M. Gates Leroy. Francis P. Granger. . .Canandaigua. Moses H. Grinnell New York. Augustus C. Hand. .Elizabethtown. Ogden Hoffman New York. Hiram P. Hunt Troy. Thomas B. Jackson Newtown. Charles Johnston. . . .Poughkeepsie. Nathaniel Jones Warwick. Gouverneur Kemble. . .Cold Spring. Thomas Kempshall Rochester. Stephen B. Leonard Owego. Meredith Mallory. . Hammondsport. .Canton. Richard P. Marvin Jamestown. Charles F. Mitchell Lockport. James Monroe New York. J. De La Montanya Haverstraw. Christopher Morgan Aurora. Rufus Palen Fallsburg. Luther C. Peck Pike. John H. Prentiss Cooperstpwn. Edward Rogers Madison. David Russell Saloiu. Tlieron R. Strong Palmyra. Aaron Vanderpoel Kinder! look. Peter J. Wagner Fort Plain. 1 Died June 14, 1840. 2 Elected in place of Anson Brown, deceased; took his seat Dec. 7, 1840. THE TWENTY-SIXTH CONGRESS. 101 NORTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. Bedford Brown 1 Brown s Store. I Willie P. Mangnm 3 Eed Mountain William A. Graham 2 Hillsborough. | llobert Strange 4 Fayetteville! Jesse A. Bynum Halifax. Henry W. Connor. .Sherrill s Ford. Edmund Deberry.. .Lawrence ville. Charles Fisher Salisbury. James Graham. . . .Rutherfordtown. i Resigned in 1840. REPRESENT ATI VES . Mieajah T. Hawkins Warrenton. John Hill Germantowii. James McKay Elizabethtown. William Montgomery Albrights. Kenneth Rayner Winton. Charles Shepard Newbern. Edward Stanly Washington. Lewis Williams Panther Creek. 2 Elected in place of Robert Strange, resigned; took his seat 4)00. 10, 1840. Elected in place of Bedford Brown, resigned; took his seat Dec. 9, 1840. * Resigned ^ *&2o. OHIO. William Allen. SENATORS. .Chillicothe. | Benjamin Tappan Steubenville. John W. Allen Cleveland. William Key Bond Chillicothe. Thomas Corwin ! Lebanon. William Doan Withamsville. Alexander Duncan Cincinnati. Joshua R. Giddings Jefferson. Patrick G. Goode Sidney. REPRESENTATIVES. John Hastings Salem. Daniel P. Leadbetter . . Millersburg. Samson Mason Springfield. William Medill Lancaster. Calvary Morris Athens. J. Morrow 2 Twenty Mile Stand. Isaac Parrish Cambridge. Joseph Ridgway Columbus. David A. Starkweather Canton. Henry Swearingen Smithfield. George Sweney Bucyrus. Jonathan Taylor Newark. John B. Weller Hamilton. Resigned in 1840. 2 Elected in place of Thomas Corwiu, resigned; took his seat Dec. 7, 1840. PENNSYLVANIA. James Buchanan , William Beatty Butler. Richard Biddle * Pittsburg. Hen y M. Breckenridge a .Tarentum. James Cooper Gettysburg. Edward Davies Churchtown. John Davis Davisville. John Edwards Ivy Mills. Joseph Fornance Norristown. John Galbraith Erie. James Gerry Shrewsbury. SENATORS. Lancaster. | Daniel Sturgeon , REPRESENTATIVES. Robert H. Hammond Milton. Thomas Henry Beaver. Enos Hook Waynesburg. Francis James West Chester. George M. Keim Reading. Isaac Leet Washington. Albert G. Man-hand. . .Greensburg. Charles McClure 8 Carlisle. George McCulloch 4 . . . .Centre Line. Samuel W. Morris. . . Wellsborough. .Uniontown. Charles Naylor 5 Philadelphia. Peter Newhard Allentown. Charles Ogle Somerset. Lemuel Paynter Philadelphia. David Petrikin Danville. William S. Ramsey 6 Carlisle. John Sergeant Philadelphia. William Simonton. .Hummelstown. George W. Toland Philadelphia. David D. Wagener Easton. 1 Resigned in 1840. 2 Elected in place of Richard Biddle, resigned; took his seat Dec. 10, 1840. Elected in place of William S. Ramsey, deceased; took his seat Dec. 7, 1840. 4 Elected in place of William W. Potter, deceased in 1S39; took Ms seat Dec. 2, 1839. 6 Seat unsuccessfully contested by Charles J. Ingersoll. * Died in 1840. RHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. Nathan F. Dixon Westerly. | Nehemiah R. Knight. REPRESENTATIVES. Robert B. Cranston Newport. | Joseph L. Tillinghast. .Providence. .Providence. John C. Calhoun . SOUTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. . .Fort Hill. I William C. Preston , .Columbia. Samson H. Butler. . .Barnwell C.H. John Campbell Parnassus. John K. Griffin Newberry C.H. REPRESENTATIVES. Isaac E. Holmes Charleston. Francis W. Pirkens.Edgefield C.H. R. Barnwell Rhett Blue House. James Rogers Maybinton. Thomas D. Suinter Slatesburg. W. Thompson, jun. .Greenville C.H. TENNESSEE. Alexander Anderson l Knoxville. Felix Grundy 2 Nashville. 1 Elected in place of Hugh Lawson White, resigned ; took his seat Feb. 26, 1840. of Felix Grundy, deceased; took his seat Jan. 11, 1841. SENATORS. A. O. P. Nicholsons ........................ Columbia. Hugh Lawson White * ..................... Knoxville. 2 Died Dec. 19, 1840. Appointed in place Resigned Jan. 13, 1840. 102 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. John Bell Nashville. Julius W. Blackwell Athens. Aaron V. Brown Pulaski. William B. Campbell Carthage. "William B. Carter. . . .Elizabethton. REPRESENTATIVES. John TV. Crockett Trenton. Meredith P. Gentry Harpeth. Cave Johnson Clarksville. Abraham McClellan. . . Blountsville. Hopkins L. Turney. . . .Winchester. Harvey M. Watterspn. . Shelby ville. Christoph r H. Williams. Lexington. Joseph L. Williams Knoxville. VERMONT. SENATORS. Samuel & Ph,elps. Middlebury. | Samuel Prentiss Montpelier. REPRESENTATIVES. Horace l\ter<?tf;U.-.V.iL c . "Windsor. I Hiland Hall Bennington. ! John Smith St. Alban s. Isaac ?it<-iier r i < . > ,....: ^T jTdOn. j William Slade Middlebury. | William C. Rives 1 . Linn Banks Madison C.H. Andrew Beirne Union. John M. Botts Richmond. Walter Coles Robertson s Store. Robert Craig Christiansburg. George C. Droomgoole Gaston. James Garland Lovingston. William L. Goggin Liberty. VIRGINIA. SENATORS. .Lindsey s Store. | William H. Roane REPRESENTATIVES. John Hill Buckingham C.H. Joel Holleman 2 Burwell Bay. George W. Hopkins Lebanon. Robert M. T. Hunter 3 Lloyd s. Joseph Johnson Bridgeport. John W. Jones Petersburg. William Lucas Charlestown. Francis Mallory 4 Hampton. .Richmond. Charles F. Mercer 6 Aldie. William M. McCarty 6 . .Alexandria. Francis E. Rives Littleton. Green B. Samuels Woodstock. Lewis Steenrod TVheeling. John Taliaferro. . . .Fredericksburg. Henry A. Wise Accomac C.H. i Took his seat Jan. 30, 1841. man, resigned ; took his seat 1841. Beat Jan. 25, 1840. Resigned in 1840. 8 Elected speaker Dec. 16, 1839. * Elected in place of Joel Holle- * Resigned Dec. 26, 1839. 6 Elected in place of Charles F. Mercer, resigned; took his FLORIDA TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Charles Downing St. Augustine. William W. Chapman . IOWA TERRITORY. DELEGATES. .Burlington. | Augustus C. Dodge 1 , i Took his seat Dec. 8, 1840. .Burlington. WISCONSIN TERRITORY. DELEGATE. James D. Doty Ashton. THE TWENTY-SEVENTH CONGRESS. 103 THE TWENTY-SEVENTH CONGKESS. First Session, from May 31, 1841, to Sept. 13, 1841. Second Session, from Dec. 6, 1841, to Aug. 31, 1842. Third Session, from Dec. 5, 1842, to March 3, 1843. Vice-President. JOHN TrtEB 1 of Virginia. Presidents of the Senate pro tempore. SAMUEL L. SOUTHARD of New Jersey; WILLIE P. MAKGUM of North Carolina, elected May 31, 1842. Secretary of the Senate. ASBURY DICKENS of North Carolina. Speaker of the House. JOHN WHITE of Kentucky. Clerk of the House. MATTHEW ST. CLATR CLARKB of Pennsylvania. * Became President by the death of William Henry Harrison. ALABAMA. SENATORS. Arthur P. Bagby * I William R. King Selma. Clement C. Clay 2 Huntsville. | REPRESENTATIVES. Reuben Chapman Somerville. I Dixon H. Lewis. .Lowndesborough. I Benjamin D. Shields.. . .Demopolis. George S. Houston Athens. | William W. Payne Gainesville. | 1 Elected in place of Clement C. Clay, resigned; took his seat Dec. 27, 1841. * Resigned in 1841. ARKANSAS. SENATORS. William S. Fulton Little Rock. | Ambrose Sevier Lake Port REPRESENTATIVE. Edward Cross Washington. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. Jabez W. Huntington Norwich. | Perry Smith New Milf ord. REPRESENTATIVES. William W. Boardman.New Haven. I Thomas B. Osborne Fairfield. I Joseph Trumbull Hartford. John H. Brockway Ellington. | Truman Smith Litchfield. | Thomas W. Williams. New London. DELAWARE. SENATORS. Richard H. Bayard Wilmington. | Thomas Clayton New Castle. REPRESENTATIVE. George B. Rodney Newcastle. GEORGIA. SENATORS. JohnM. Berrien Savannah. | Alfred Cuthbert Monticello. REPRESENTATIVES. William C. Dawson.Greensborough. Thomas F. Foster Columbus. Roger L. Gamble Louisville. Richard W. Habersham, 5 Julius C. Alford La Grange. Edward J. Black i.Jacksouborough. Walter T. Colquitt 2 Columbus. Mark A. Cooper 3 Columbus. George W. Crawford 4 Augusta. 1 Took his seat March 2, 1842. * Took his seat Feb. 1, 1842. 3 Took his seat Feb. 1, 1842. * Elected In place of Richard W. Habersham, deceased; took liis seat Feb. 1, 1843. s Died Dec. 2, 1842. Clarkesville. Thomas Butler King. . Waynesville. James A. Meri wether Edeuton. Eugenius A. Nisbet Macon. Lott Warren Palmyra. 104 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. ILLINOIS. SENATORS. Samuel McRoberts Danville. | Richard M. Young Quincy. REPRESENTATIVES. Zadock Casey * Mt. Vernon. | John Reynolds 2 Belleville. | John T. Stuart 8 Springfield. 1 Took his seat Sept. 1, 1841. 2 Took his seat Aug. 23, 1841. Took his seat Aug. 18, 1841. INDIANA. SENATORS. Oliver H. Smith Indianapolis. | Alberts. White, REPRESENTATIVES. James H. Cravens Marion. Andrew Kennedy . . . .Muncietown. Henry S. Lane Crawfordsville. George H. Proffit Petersburg. Richard W. Thompson. . . .Bedford. David "Wallace Indianapolis. .Lafayette. Joseph L. White Madison. KENTUCKY. SENATORS. Henry Clay l Lexington. I James T. Morehead , John J. Crittenden 2 Frankfort. .Frankfort. Landaff W. Andrews, Flemingsburgh. Linn Boyd Belle view. William O. Butler Carrolton. Garrett Davis Paris. REPRESENTATIVES. Willis Green Greene. Thomas F. Marshal Versailles. Bryan Y. Owsley Jamestown. John Pope Springfield. James C. Sprigg Shelby ville. John B. Thompson. . .Harrodsburg. Philip Triple tt Owensborough. Joseph Underwood. Bowling Green. John White 8 Richmond. Resigned March 31, 1842. Elected in place of Henry Clay, resigned; took hia seat March 31. 1842. May 31, 1841. Elected speaker LOUISIANA. SENATORS. Alexander Barrow Baton Rouge. Alexander Mouton 2 Vermilionville. Charles M. Conrad l New Orleans. REPRESENTATIVES. John B. Dawson. . .St. Francisville. | John Moore Franklin. | Edward D. White. Thibodeauxville. 1 Elected in place of Alexander Mouton, resigned ; took his seat April 14, 1842. * Resigned in 1842. MAINE. SENATORS. George Evans Gardiner. | Reuel Williams Augusta. REPRESENTATIVES. Elisha H. Allen Bangor. David Bronson l Anson. Nathan Clifford Newfield. William P. Fessenden. . . .Portland. Nathaniel S. Littlefield. .Bridgeton. Joshua A. Lowell 2 Machias. Alfred Marshall China. Benjamin Randall Bath. Elected hi place of George Evans, elected senator; took his seat May 31, 1841. * Election unsuccessfully contested. John Leeds Ker . MAKYLAND. SENATORS. .Easton. | William D. Merrick. , Allen s Fresh. William Cost Johnson . . . Jefferson. Isaac D. Jones Princess Anne. John P. Kennedy Baltimore. REPRESENTATIVES. John T. Mason Hagerstown. James A. Pearce Chestertown. Alexander Randall Annapolis. i Died Dec. 2, 1842. Augustus R. Sollers, Prince Frederick. James W. Williams *. .Churchville. Isaac C. Bates , MASSACHUSETTS. SENATORS. .Northampton. | Rufus Choate .Boston. THE TWENTY-SEVENTH CONGRESS. 105 John Quincy Adams Quincy. Nathan Appleton l Boston. Osmyn Baker Amherst. Nathaniel B. Borden Fall River. George N. Briggs Lanesborough. REPRESENTATIVES. Barker Burnell Nantncket. William B. Calhoun Springfield Caleb Gushing Newburvport. William S. Hastings 2 Mendon. Charles Hudson Westminster. William Parmenter. .E. Cambridge Leverett Salton stall Salem Robert C. Winthrop * Boston 1 Elected in place of Robert C. Winthrop, resigned; took his seat June 9, 1842; resided in 1842 2 Mod Tn 17 isuo 3 Resigned May 25, 1842; subsequently elected in place of Nathan Appleton, resigned, and took his sea? Bee lsL. 8 * 2 MICHIGAN. SENATORS. Augustus S. Porter. Detroit. | William Woodbridge Detroit. REPRESENTATIVE. Jacob M. Howard Detroit. MISSISSIPPI. SENATORS. John Henderson Paso Christian. | Robert J. Walker MadisonviUe. REPRESENTATIVES. William M. Gwin 1 Vicksburg. | Jacob Thompson 2 Oxford. 1 Took his seat Dec. 23, 1841. 2 Took his seat Dec. 9, 1842. MISSOURI. SENATORS. Thomas H. Benton St. Louis. | Louis F. Linn St. Genevieve. REPRESENTATIVES. John C. Edwards Jefferson City. | John Miller Gooch s Mils. NEW HAMPSHIRE. SENATORS. Franklin Pierce i. Concord. Levi Woodbury .Portsmouth. Leonard Wilcox 2 Oxford. REPRESENTATIVES. Charles G. Atherton Nashua. Ira A. Eastman Gilmanton. Tristram Shaw . . . .Exeter Edmund Burke Newport. John R. Reding Haverhill. 1 Resigned in 1842. 2 Appointed in place of Franklin Pierce, resigned; took his seat March 7, 1842; subsequently elected by the legislature. NEW JERSEY. SENATORS. William L. Dayton 1 Trenton. Samuel L. Southard 2 Trenton. Jacob W. Miller Morristown. REPRESENTATIVES. John B. Aycrigg Pyramus. John P. B. Maxwell Belvidere. I Charles C. Stratton. Swedesborougb, William Halstead Treuton. Jos. F. Randolph. .New Brunswick. | Thomas Jones Yorke Salem. 1 Appointed in place of Samuel S. Southard, deceased; took his seat Dec. 7, 1842; subsequently elected by the legislature. 2 President pro tern.; resigned May 31, 1842; died June 26, 1842. NEW YORK. SENATORS. Nathaniel P. Tallmadge Poughkeepsie. | Silas Wright, jun Canton. REPRESENTATIVES. Alfred Babcock Gaines. Charles G. Ferris New York. John McKeon New York. Daniel D. Barnard Albany. Millard Fillmore Buffalo. Christopher Morgan Aurora. Victory Birdseye Ponipey. Charles A. Floyd Comrnack. William M. Oliver Penn Yan. Barnard Blair Salem. John G. Floyd Utica. Samuel Patridge Elmira. Samuel S. Bowne Cooperstown. A. Lawrence Foster. . . .Morrisville. Lewis Rigsjs Homer. David P. Brewster Oswego. Seth M. Gates Lcroy. James I. Roosevelt New York. Timothy Cliilds Rochester. Samuel Gordon Delhi. John Sanford Amsterdam. Thomas C. Chittenden Adams. Francis Granger 1 Canandaigua. Thomas A. Tomlinson . .Ivecseville. John C. Clark Bainbridge. John Greig 2 Canandaigua. John Van Bureu Kingston. Staley N. Clarke Ellicottsville. Jacob Houck, juu Sclioharie. Henry Van Rcusselaer.Ogdensburg. James G. Clinton Newburg. Hiram P. Hunt Troy. Aaron Ward Mt. Pleasant. Richard D. Davis Poughkeepsie. Archibald L. Linn Schenectady. Fernando Wood New York. Andrew W. Doig Lowville. John Maynard Seneca Falls. John Young Genesee. Joseph Egbert Tompkinsville. Robert McClellan Hudson. 1 Elected in placo of John Greig, resigned; took his seat Dec. 7, 1841. 2 Resigned in 1841. 106 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. William A. Graham. NORTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. .Hillsborough. | "Willie P. Mangum 1 . .Red Mountain. Archibald H. Arrington, Hilliardston. Green W. Caldwell Charlotte. John R. J. Daniel Halifax. Edmund Deberry . . .Lawrenceville. REPRESENTATIVES. James Graham Rutherfordton. James J. McKay. . . .Elizabethtown. Anderson Mitchell 2 . . .Wilkesboro . Kenneth Rayner Winton. Abraham Rencher Pittsborough. Romulus M. Saunders Raleigh. Augustus H. Shepperd Salem. Edward Stanly Washington. William H. Washington. . Newbern. Lewis Williams 3 . . .Panther Creek. Elected president pro tern. May 31, 1842, in place of Samuel L. Southard, resigned. 2 Elected in place of Lewis Williams, deceased; took his seat April 27, 1842. Died Feb. 23, 1842. William Allen. Sherlock J. Andrews Benjamin S. Co wen.. Ezra Dean William Doan Joshua R. Giddings Patrick G. Goode ... John Hastings ....Cleveland. St. Clairsville. Wooster. Withamsville. Jefferson. Sidney. Salem. OHIO. SENATORS. ...... Chillicothe. | Benjamin Tappan. , REPRESENTATIVES. Samson Mason Springfield. James Mathews Coshocton. Joshua Mathiot Newark. William Medill Lancaster. Calvary Morris Athens. Jeremiah Morrow, Twenty Mile Stand. .Steubenville. Nathaniel G. Pendleton . Cincinnati. Joseph Ridgway Columbus. William Russell Portsmouth. Samuel Stokely Steubenville. George S weney Bucyrus. John B. Weller Hamilton. James Buchanan. Resigned March 22, 1842; re-elected, and took his seat Dec. 5, 1842. PENNSYLVANIA. SENATORS. .Lancaster. | Daniel Sturgeon. .Uniontown. Henry W. Beeson TJniontown. Benjamin A. Bidlack. .Wilkesbarre. Henry Black 1 Charles Brown Philadelphia. Jeremiah Brown Goshen. James Cooper Gettysburg. Davis Dimock, jun. 2 Montrose. John Edwards Ivy Mills. Joseph Fornance Norristown. James Gerry Shrewsbury. Amos Gustine Mifflintown. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas Henry Beaver. Charles J. Ingersoll. . .Philadelphia. Joseph R. Ingersoll 3 . .Philadelphia. James Irviii Milesburg. William W. Irwin Pittsburg. William Jack Brookeville. Francis James West Chester. George M. Keim Reading. Joseph Lawrence 4 . . . .Washington. Thomas M. T. McKennan, Washington. Albert G. Marchand. . .Greensburg. Peter Newhard Allentown. Arnold Plumer Franklin. Robert Ramsey Hartsville. Almon H. Read 5 Montrose. James M. Russell 6 Bedford. John Sergeant f Philadelphia. William Simonton. .Hummelstown. John Snyder Selin s Grove. George W. Toland Philadelphia. John Westbrook.Dingmau s Ferry. 1 Elected in place of Charles Ogle, deceased May 10, 1841 ; died Nov. 28, 1841. 2 Died Jan. 13, 1842. Elected in place of John Sergeant, resigned; took his seat Dec. 9, 1841. * Died April 17, 1842. 6 Elected in place of Davis Dimock, jun., deceased ; took his seat March 18, 1842. Elected in place of Joseph Lawrence, deceased; took his seat Jan. 3, 1842. Resigned in 1841. RHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. Nathan F. Dixon 1 Westerly. I William Sprague 2 . James F. Simmons Providence. .Natick. REPRESENTATIVES. Robert B. Cranston Newport. | Joseph L. Tillinghast. .Providence. 1 Died Jan. 29, 1842, Elected in place of Nathan F. Dixon, deceased; took his seat Feb. 18, 1842. SOUTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. John C. Calhoun Fort Hill. I William C. Preston 2. George McDuffie 1 Edgefield C. H. | .Columbia. Samson H. Butler 3 . .Barnwell C. H. William Butler Greenville C. H; Patrick C. Caldwell.Newberry C. H. John Campbell Parnassus. REPRESENTATIVES. Isaac E. Holmes Charleston. Francis W. Pickens.Edgetield C. H. Robert Barnwell Rhett.Blue House. James Rogers Maybiugton. Thomas D. Sumter Statesburg. S. W. Trotti 4 Barnwell C. H. 1 Elected in place of William C. Preston, resigned ; took his seat January, 1843. * Resigned in 1842. * Elected in place of Samson H. Butler, resigned; took his seat Dec. 17, 1842. Resigned to 1842. THE TWENTY-SEVENTH CONGRESS. 107 TENNESSEE. SENATORS. Vacant. Spencer Jarnagan did not take his seat till I Alfred O. P. Nicholson next Congress. .Columbia. Thomas T. Arnold Greenville. Aaron V. Brown Pulaski. Milton Brown Jackson. Thomas J. Campbell Athens. "William B. Campbell Carthage. REPRESENTATIVES. Robert L. Caruthers Lebanon. Meredith P. Gentry Harpeth. Cave Johnson Clarksville. Abraham McClellan . .Blountsville. Hopkins L. Turney. . . .Winchester. Harvey M. Watterson. .Shelbyville. Christoph r H. Williams. Lexington. Joseph L. Williams Knoxville. VERMONT. SENATORS. Samuel C. Crafts 1 Craf tsbury. Samuel Prentiss 2 Montpelier. Samuel S. Phelps Middlebury. REPRESENTATIVES. Horace Everett Windsor. John Mattocks Peacham. I Augustus Young Johnson. Hiland Hall Bennington. William Slade Middlebury. | 1 Appointed in place of Samuel Prentiss, resigned; took his seat April 30, 1842. * Resigned La 1842. William S. Archer . Linn Banks * Madison C. H. Richard W. Barton Winchester. John M. Botts Richmond. George B. Gary . . .Bethlehem C. H. Walter Coles . . . .Robertson s Store. Thomas W. Gilmer. .Charlottesyille. William L. Goggin Otterbridge. William O. Goode Boydton. VIRGINIA. SENATORS. Elk Hill. | William C. Rives REPRESENTATIVES. William A. Harris Luray. Samuel L. Hays. . . .Stuard s Creek. George W. Hopkins Lebanon. Edmund W. Hubard Curdsville. Robert M. T. Hunter Lloyd s. John W. Jones Petersburg. Francis Mallory Hampton. Cuthbert Powell Upperville. .Bentivoglio. William Smith 2 . . . .Culpeper C. H. Lewis Steenrod Wheeling. Alexander H. H. Stuart. Staunton. George W. Summers Kanawha. John Taliaf erro . . . .Fredericksburg. Henry A. Wise Accomac C. H. 1 Seat successfully contested by "William Smith. 2 Successfully contested the election of Linn Banks ; took his seat Dec. 6, 1841. FLORIDA TERRITORY. DELEGATE. David Levy St. Augustine. IOWA TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Augustus C. Dodge. .Burlington. WISCONSIN TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Henry Dodge : .Dodgeville. Took his seat Deo. 7, 1841. 108 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. THE TWENTY-EIGHTH CONGEESS. First Session, from Dec. 4, 1843, to June 17, 1844. Second Session, from Dec. 2, 1844, to March 3, 1845. Vice-President.^ President of the Senate pro tempore. WILLIE P. MANGDM of North Carolina. Secretary of the Senate. ASBUKY DICKENS of North Carolina. Speaker of the House. JOHN "W. JONES of Virginia. Speaker of the House pro tempore. GEORGE W. HOP KINS of Virginia. Clerks of the House. MATTHEW ST. CLAIR CLARKE of Pennsylvania; CALEB J. MCNULTY of Ohio, elected Dec. 6, 1843; BENJAMIN B. FRENCH of New Hampshire, elected Jan. 18, 1845. 1 John Tyler became President by the death of William Henry Harrison. Arthur P. Bagby Tuscaloosa. "William R. King * Selma. ALABAMA. SENATORS. Dixon H. Lewis 2 Lowndesborough. James E. Belser Montgomery. Reuben Chapman Somerville. James Dellet Claiborne. REPRESENTATIVES. George S. Houston Athens. Dixon II. Lewis 2 .Lowndesborough. Felix G. McConnell Talladega. "William W. Payne Gainesville. "William L. Yancey 3 . . ."Wetumpka. 1 Resigned April 15, 1844. 2 Appointed senator in place of William R. King, resigned ; took his seat May 7, 1844. * Elected in place of Dixon H. Lewis, appointed senator; took his seat Dec. 2, 1844. ARKANSAS. SENATORS. Chester Ashley * Little Rock. I Ambrose H. Sevier Lake Port. William S. Fulton a Little Rock. | REPRESENTATIVE. Edward Cross Washington. * Elected in place of William S. Fulton, deceased; took his seat Dec. 4, 1844. z Died Aug. 15, 1844. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. Jabez W. Huntington Norwich. | John M. Niles Hartford. REPRESENTATIVES . George H. Catlin Windham. I Samuel Simons Bridgeport. Thomas H. Seymour Hartford. | John Stewart Middle Haddam. DELAWARE. SENATORS. Richard H. Bayard Wilmington. | Thomas Clayton New Castle. REPRESENTATIVE. George B. Rodney New Castle. GEORGIA. SENATORS. J. McPhcrson Berrien Savannah. | Walter T. Colquitt Columbus. REPRESENTATIVES. Edward J. Black . Jaeksonborongh. Absalom H. Chanpell Macon. Duncan L. Clinch 1 St. Mary s. Howell Cobb Athens. Hugh A Haralson La Grange. John H. Lumpkin Rome. John Mill en 2 Savannah. A. H. Stephens Crawfordville. William H. Stiles Cassville. 1 Elected in place of John Milieu, deceased; took his Beat Fob. 15, 1844. > Died Oct. 15, 1843. THE TWENTY-EIGHTH CONGRESS. 109 Sidney Breese . Stephen A. Douglas Quincy. Orlando B. Ficklin Charleston. John J. Hardin Jacksonville. ILLINOIS. SENATORS. Carlyle. | James Semple l . . REPRESENTATIVES. Joseph P. Hoge Galena. John A. McClernand .Shawneeto n. Robert Smith Upper Alton. .Alton. John "Wentworth Chicago. Appointed in place of Samuel McRoberts, deceased March 27, 1843; took his seat Dec. 4, 1843; subsequently elected by the legislature. Edward A. Hannegan. William J. Brown. . . .Indianapolis. John W. Davis Carlisle. Thos. J. Henley. .New Washington. Andrew Kennedy . . . .Muncietown. INDIANA. SENATORS. Covington. | Albert S. White. REPRESENTATIVES. Robert Dale Owen .New Harmony. John Pettit Lafayette. Samuel C. Sample South Bend. Caleb B. Smith Connersville. .Lafayette. Thomas Smith Joseph A. Wright. ... .Versailles. Rockville. John J. Crittenden. KENTUCKY. SENATORS. .Frankfort. I John T. Morehead. .Frankfort. Linn Boyd Belleview. George A. Caldwell Columbia. Garrett Davis Paris. Richard French . . ..Mount Sterling. REPRESENTATIVES . Willis Green Green. Henry Grider Bowling Green. James W. Stone Taylorsville. William P. Thomasson. .Louisville. John W. Tibbatts. John White . .Newport. .Richmond. LOUISIANA. SENATORS. Alexander Barrow Baton Rouge. Alexander Porter 2 . Henry Johnson * New River. Peter E. Bossier 3 Natchitoches. John B. Dawson. . .St. Francisville. REPRESENTATIVES. Alcee Labranche New Orleans. I John Slidell New Orleans. Isaac E. Morse 4 ... St. Martinsville. | Elected in place of Alexander Porter, deceased ; took his seat March 4, 1844. 2 Died Jan. 13, 1844. * Elected in place of Peter E. Bossier, deceased; took his seat Dec. 2, 1844. * Died April 24, 1844. George Evans. Shepard Gary 2 Houlton. Robert P. Dunlap Brunswick. Hannibal Hauilin Hampden. MAINE. SENATORS. Gardiner. | John Fairfield J . REPRESENTATIVES. Joshua Herri ck. . .Kenuebunkport. Freeman H. Morse Bath. Luther Severance Augusta. .Saco. Elected in place of Reuel Williams, resigned in 1843; took his seat Dec. 4, 1843. seat Dec. 2, 1844. Benjamin White 8 Montville. Took hia seat May 10, 1844. Took his MARYLAND. SENATORS. Allen s Fresh. | James Alfred Pearce REPRESENTATIVES. Francis Brengle. . . .Fredericktown. I John P. Kennedy Baltimore. I Thomas A. Spence . J. M. S. Causin Leonardtown. Jacob A. Preston. .PerrymansviUe. | John Wetnered ... William D. Merrick , .Chestertown. Isaac C. Bates . MASSACHUSETTS. SENATORS. .Northampton. | Rufus Choate. .Boston. 110 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Amos Abbott 1 Andover. John Quincy Adams Quincy. Osmyn Baker 2 Amlierst. Joseph Griuuell New Bedford. REPRESENTATIVES. Charles Hiidson "Westminster. Daniel P. King South Danvers. William Parmenter. .E. Cambridge. Julius Rockwell 3 Pittslield. Henry Williams. Robert C. Winthrop. .Taunton. ...Boston. i Took Ms seat Feb. 15, 1844. 2 Took his seat Jan. 22, 1844. Took his seat Feb. 2, 1844. MICHIGAN. SENATORS. Augustus S. Porter. Detroit. | William Woodbridge Detroit. REPRESENTATIVES . James B. Hunt Pontiac. | Lucius Lyon Grand Rapids. | Robert McClelland ....... .Monroe. MISSISSIPPI. SENATORS. John Henderson Pass Christian. | Robert J. Walker Madisonville. REPRESENTATIVES. William H. Hammett Princeton. I Jacob Thompson Oxford. Robert W. Roberts Hillsborough. | Tilghman M. Tucker Columbus. MISSOURI. SENATORS. David R. Atchison J Platte City. | Thomas H. Benton St. Louis. REPRESENTATIVES. Gustavus M. Bower Paris. James B. Bowlin St. Louis. James M. Hughes Liberty. John Jameson Fulton. James H. Relfe Caledonia. Appointed in place of Louis F. Linn, deceased Oct. 3, 1843 ; took his seat Dec. 4, 1843 ; subsequently elected by the legislature. NEW HAMPSHIRE. SENATORS. Charles G. Atherton Nashua. | Levi Woodbury , REPRESENTATIVES. Edmund Burke Newport. John P. Hale Dover. .Portsmouth. Moses Norris, jun Pittsfield. John R. Reding Haverhill. NEW JERSEY. SENATORS. Trenton. | Jacob W. Miller Morristown. REPRESENTATIVES. Lucius Q. C. Elmer Bridgeton. L. Kirkpatrick . . . .New Brunswick. I William Wright Newark. Isaac G. Farlee Flemington. George Sykes Mt. Holly. | William L. Dayton. NEW YORK. SENATORS. Daniel S. Dickinson l Binghamton. John A. Dix 2 Henry A. Foster 3 Rome. Nathaniel P. Tallmadge 4 Poughkeepsie. Silas Wright, jun. 6 Canton. Joseph H. Anderson. White Plains. Daniel D. Barnard Albany. Samuel Beardsley 6 Utica. Charles S. Benton Mohawk. Levi D. Carpenter " Watervillo. Chas. II. Carroll. Groveland Centre. Jeremiah E. Cary. . .Cherry Valley. James G. Clinton Newburg. Amasa Dana Ithaca. Richard D. Davis. . . .Poughkeepsie. Chesselden Ellis Waterf ord. Hamilton Fish New York. REPRESENTATIVES. Byram Green Sodus. AVilliam S. Hubbell Bath. Orville Hungerford Watertown. Washington Hunt Lockport. Preston King Ogdensburg. Moses G. Leonard New York. William B. Maclay New York. William A. Moseley Buffalo. Henry C. Murphy Brooklyn. Thomas J. Paterson Rochester. J. Phillips Phoenix New York. Zadoo Pratt Prattsville. Smith M. Purdy Norwich. George Rathbun Auburn. Orville Robinson Mexico. Charles Rogers Sandy Hill. Jeremiah Russell Saugerties. David L. Seymour Troy. Albert Smith Batavia. Lemuel Stetson Keeseville. Selah B. Strong Setauket. Asher Tyler Ellicottsville. Horace Wheaton Pompey . 1 Appointed in place of Nathaniel P. Tallmadge, resigned; took his seat Dec. 9, 1844; subsequently elected by the legislature. 2 Elected in place of Silas Wright, jun., resigned, Henry A. Foster having been appointed pro tern. ; took bis seat Jan. 27, 1845. 8 Appointed in place of Silas Wright, jun., resigned; took his seat Dec. 9, 1844. 4 Resigned in 1844. 8 Resigned iu Ib44. Resigned March 6, 1844. 7 Elected in place of Samuel Beardsley, resigned; took bis seat Dec. 2, 1844. THE TWENTY-EIGHTH CONGRESS. Ill William H. Haywood. NORTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. Raleigh. | Willie P. Mangum 1. .Red Mountain. A. H. Arrington Hilliardston. Daniel M. Barringer Concord. Thomas L. Clingman . . . . Asheville. REPRESENTATIVES. John R. J. Daniel Halifax. Edmund Deberry. . .Lawrenceville. James J. McKay... Elizabethtown. 1 President pro tern. Kenneth Rayner Winton David S. Reid Reidsville. Romulus M. Saunders Raleigh. William Allen. Henry R. Brinkerhoff 1 . .Plymouth. Jacob Brinkerhoff Mansfield. Ezra Dean Wposter. Alexander Duncan Cincinnati. Elias Florence Circlesville. Joshua R. Giddinga Jefferson. Edward S. Hainlin 2 Elyria. Alexander Harper ..... .Zanesville. Died April 30, 1844. OHIO. SENATORS. Chillicothe. | Benjamin Tappan. REPRESENTATIVES. PerleyB. Johnson. McConnellsville. James Mathews Coshocton. William McCauslen. . .Steubenville. Joseph J. McDowell .Hillsborough. Hcman Allen Moore 3 . . .Columbus. Joseph Morris Woodsiield. Emery D. Potter Toledo. Robert C. Schenck Dayton. .Steubenville. Henry St. John Tiffin. Alfred P. Stone 4 Columbus. Daniel R. Tildeu Ravenna. Joseph Vance Urbana. John J. Vamneter Piketon. Samuel F. Vintoii Gallipolis. John B. Weller Hamilton. Elected in place of Henry R. Brinkerhoff, deceased ; took his seat Dec. 2, 1844. Elected in place of Ileman Allen Moore, deceased ; took his seat Dec. 2, 1844. Died April 3, 1844. James Buchanan. Benjamin A. Bidlack .Wilkesbarre. James Black Newport. Richard Brodhead Easton. Jeremiah Brown Goshen. Joseph Buflington Kittanning. Cornelius Darragh l Pittsburg. John Dickey Beaver. Henry D. Foster Greensburg. Henry Frick 2 .Milton. PENNSYLVANIA. SENATORS. Lancaster. | Daniel Sturgeon REPRESENTATIVES . George Fuller 3 Mont-rose. Samuel Hays Franklin. Charles J. Ingersoll... Philadelphia. Joseph R. Ingersoll.. .Philadelphia. James Irvin Milesburg. Michael H. Jenks Newtown. A. R. Mcllvaine Brandywine. Edward Joy Morris . .Philadelphia. Henry Nes York. .Uniontown. James Pollock 4 Milton. Alexander Ramsey. . . .Harrislmrg. Almon H. Read 5 Mont rose. Charles M. Reed Erie. John Hitter Reading. John T. Smith Philadelphia. Andrew Stewart Uniontown. William Wilkins 6 Pittsburg. Jacob S. Yost Pottsto\vn. i Elected in place of William Wilkins, resigned ; took his seat March 2G, 1844. 2 Died March 1, 1844. Elected in place of Almon II. Read, deceased; took his seat Dec. 2, 1844. * Elected in place of Henry Frick, deceased; took his seat April 23, 1844. 5 Died June 3, 1844. 6 Resigned in 1844, having been appointed secretary of war. RHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. John Brown Francis 1 Providence. William Sprague 2 Natick. James F. Simmons Providence. REPRESENTATIVES. Henry Y. Cranston Newport. | Elisha R. Potter. Kingston. 1 Elected in place of William Sprague, resigned; took his seat Feb. 7, 1844. * Resigned Jan. IT, 1844. SOUTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. Daniel E. Huger* Charleston. | George McDuffie Edgefleld C. H. REPRESENTATIVES. Jas. A. Black . Cherokee IronW ks. Armistead Burt Abbeville. John Campbell Parnassus. Isaac E. Holmes Charleston. R. Barn well Rhett Blue House. Richard F. Simpson. Pendletonville. Jos. A, Wood ward. Winnsborough. Elected in place of John C. Calhoun, resigned in 1843; took his seat Dec. 7, 1843. Ephraim H. Foster . TENNESSEE. SENATORS. .Nashville. | Spencer Jarnagin Athens. 112 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. John B. Ashe Brownsville. Julius W. Blackwell Athens. Aaron V. Brown Pulaski. Milton Brown Jackson. REPRESENTATIVES. Alvan Cullom Livingston. D. W. Dickinson . Murfreesborough. Andrew Johnson Greenville. Cave Johnson Clarksville. George "W. Jones Fayetteville. Joseph H. Peyton Gallatin. Wm. T. Senter . . . Panther Springs. Samuel S. Phelps , Jacob Collamer Paul Dillingham, jun Waterbury. | George P. Marsh VEBMONT. SENATORS. Middlebury. | William TJpham Montpelier. REPRESENTATIVES. Woodstock. I Solomon Foot. Rutland. .Burlington. William S. Archer. Archibald Atkinson . . . .Smithfield. Thomas H. Bayly^Accomac C. H. Augustus A, Chapman Union. Samuel Chilton Warrenton. Walter Coles . . . .Robertson s Store. George G. Dromgoole Summit. VIRGINIA. SENATORS. Elk Hill. | William C. Rives . REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas W. Gilmer 2 .Charlottesville. William L. GogginS . .Otter Bridge. George W. Hopkins 4 . . . . Abingdon. Edmund W. Hubard. . . Curdsville. John W. Jones 6 Petersburg. William Lucas Charlestown. .Bentivoglio. Willpughby Newton Hague. Lewis Steenrod Wheeling. Geo. W. Summers. .Kanawha C. II. William Taylor Lexington. Henry A. Wise 6 Accomac C. H. 1 Elected in place of Henry A. Wise, resigned ; took his seat May 6, 1844. 2 Election unsuccessfully contested by "William L. Goggin; resigned Feb. 18, 1844. s Unsuccessfully contested tbe election of Thomas W. Gilmer; subsequently elected upon the resignation of Mr. Gilmer, and took his seat Dec. 2. 1844. * Chosen speaker pro tern. Feb. 28, 1845. 6 Election unsuc cessfully contested by John M. Botts, elected speaker Dec. 4, 1843. 8 Resigned Feb. 15, 1844. FLORIDA TERRITORY. DELEGATE. David Levy 1 St. Augustine. 1 Election unsuccessfully contested. IOWA TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Augustus C. Dodge. .Burlington. WISCONSIN TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Henry Dodge. .Dodgeville. THE TWENTY-NINTH CONGRESS. H3 THE TWENTY-NINTH CONGRESS. First Session, from Dec. 1, 1845, to Aug. 10, 1846. Second Session, from Dec. 7, 1846, to March 3, 1847. Vice-President. GEOKGB M. DALLAS of Pennsylvania. President of the Senate pro tempore. DAVID E. ATCHISON of Missouri, elected Aug. 8, 1846. Secretary of the Senate. ASBUKY DICKENS of North Carolina. Speaker of the House. JOHN W. DAVIS of Indiana. Clerk of the House. BENJAMIN B. FRENCH of New Hampshire. ALABAMA. SENATORS. Arthur P. Bagby Tuscaloosa. | Dixon H. Lewis Lowndesborough. REPRESENTATIVES. Franklin "W. Bowdon 1 . .Talladega. Reuben Chapman Warrenton. James L. F. Cottrell 2 . .Hayneville. Edmund S. Dargan Mobile. Henry W. Hilliard Montgomery. George S. Houston Athens. Felix G. McConnell 8 Talladega. William W. Payne Gainesville. William L. Yancey 4 . . .Wetumpka. 1 Elected in place of Felix G. McConnell, deceased ; took his seat Dec. 7, 1846. 2 Elected in place of William L. Yancey, resigned; took his seat Dec. 7, 1846. Died Sept. 10, 1846. Resigned hi 1846. ARKANSAS. SENATORS. Chester Ashley Little Rock. | Ambrose H. Sevier Lake Port. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas W. Newton* | Archibald Yell 2 Fayetteville. 1 Elected in place of Archibald Yell, resigned ; took his seat Feb. 6, 1847. * Resigned hi 1846, having been appointed colonel in the army in Mexico. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. Jabez W. Huntington Norwich. | John M. Niles Hartford. REPRESENTATIVES. James Dixon Hartford. Samuel D. Hubbard Middletown. John A. Rockwell Norwich. Truman Smith Litchfa eld. DELAWARE. SENATORS. JohnM. Clayton Newcastle. | Thomas Clayton Newcastle. REPRESENTATIVE. John W. Houston Georgetown. FLORIDA. SENATORS. James D. Wescott, jun.i Tallahassee. | David Levy Yulee 1 St. Augustine. REPRESENTATIVES. E. Carrington Cabell 2 Tallahassee. | William H. Brockenbrongh * Tallahassee C. H. 1 Took his seat Dec. 1. 1845. * Election successfully contested by William H. Brockenbrough. Successfully contested the election of E. Carrington Cabell; took his seat Jan. 24, 1846. 114 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. John McPherson Berrien . GEORGIA. SENATORS. .Savannah. | Walter T. Colquitt. REPRESENTATIVES. Columbus. Howell Cobb Athens. Hugh A. Haralson La Grange. Seaborn Jones Columbus. Thomas Butler King Frederica. John H. Lumpkin Rome. Washington Poe * A. H. Stephens Crawfordsville. Robert Toombs Washington. George W. Towns 2 Talbotton. 1 Resigned in 1845, having never taken his seat. 2 Elected in place of Washington Poe, resigned ; took his seat Jan. 27, 1846. ILLINOIS. SENATORS. Sidney Breese Carlisle. | James Semple Alton. REPRESENTATIVES. Edward D. Baker 1 Springfield. Stephen A. Douglas Quincy. Orlando B. Ficklin Charleston. John Henry 2 Joseph P. Hoge Galena. John A. McClernand.Shawneetown. Robert Smith Upper Alton. John Wentworth Chicago. Resigned Dee. 30, 1846. * Elected in place of Edward D. Baker, resigned; took his seat Feb. 5, 1847. Jesse D. Bright : INDIANA. SENATORS. .Madison. | Edward A. Hannagan. REPRESENTATIVES. .Covington. Charles W. Cathcart Laporte. John W. Davis 2 Carlisle. Thos. J. Henley.. New Washington. Andrew Kennedy Muncietown. Edward W. McGaughey, Greencastle. Robert D. Owen New Harmony. John Pettit Lafayette. Caleb B. Smith Connersyille. Thomas Smith Versailles. William W. Wick . . . .Indianapolis. 1 Took his seat Dec. 27, 1845. 2 Elected speaker Dec. 1, 1845. IOWA. SENATORS.i REPRESENTATIVES. S. Clinton Hastings 2 Bloomington. | Shepherd Leffler 2 Burlington. 1 No senators from the then recently organized State of Iowa took their seats in this congress. * Took his seat Dec. 29, 1846. John J. Crittenden. Joshua F. Bell Danville. Linn Boyd Cadiz. Garrett Davis Paris. Henry Grider Bowling Green. KENTUCKY. SENATORS. .Frankfort. | James T. Morehead. REPRESENTATIVES. .Covington. John P. Martin Prestonburgh. John H. McPTenry Hartford. William P. Thomasson. .Louisville. John W. Tibbatts Newport. Andrew Trumbo Owingsville. Bryan R. Young. . . .Elizabethtown. LOUISIANA. SENATORS. Alexander Barrow 1 Baton Rouge. Pierre Soule" 2 . Henry Johnson New River. .New Orleans. J. H. Harmanson Simmsport. Emile La Sere 3 New Orleans. REPRESENTATIVES. Isaac E. Morse. ... St. Martinsville. John Slidell 4 New Orleans. B. G. Thibodeaux Thibodeaux. 1 Died Dec. 29, 1846. Elected in place of Alexander Barrow, deceased ; took his seat Feb. 3. 1847. John Slidell, resigned ; took his seat Jan. 29, 1846. * Resigned in 1845. Elected to place of George Evans Robert P. Dunlap Brunswick. Hannibal Ilamlin Hampden. John D. McCrato Wiscasset. MAINE. SENATORS. Gardiner. | John Fairfield.. . REPRESENTATIVES. Cullen Sawtelle Norridgewock. John F. Seaiuinon Saco. Luther Severance Augusta. Hezekiah Williams , ....Saco. .Castine. THE TWENTY-NINTH CONGRESS. 115 MARYLAND. SENATORS. Reverdy Johnson Baltimore. | James Alfred Pearce Chestertown. REPRESENTATIVES. John G Chapman . . .Port Tobacco. I William F. Giles Baltimore. I Edward H. Long . . .Princess Anne. Albert Constable Perry ville. | Thomas W. Ligon. . Ellicott s Mills. | Thomas Perry Cumberland. MASSACHUSETTS. SENATORS. John Davis l Worcester. | Daniel Webster Boston. REPRESENTATIVES. Benjamin Thompson.. Charlestown. Robert C. Winthrop Boston. Amos Abbott Andover. John Quincy Adams Quincy. George Ashrnun Springfield. Joseph Grinnell New Bedford. Artemas Hale 2 Bridgewater. Charles Hudson Westminster. Daniel P. King South Danvers. Julius Rockwell Pittslield. Elected in place of Isaac C. Bates, deceased March 16, 1845; took Ms seat Dec. 1, 1845. 2 Took his seat Dec. 7, 1846. MICHIGAN. SENATORS. Lewis Cass Detroit. | William Woodbridge Detroit. REPRESENTATIVES. John S. Chipman Centreville. | James B. Hunt Pontiac. | Robert McClelland Monroe. MISSISSIPPI. SENATORS. Joseph W. Chalmers l Holly Spring. I Robert J. Walker 2 Madisonville. Jesse Speight Plymouth. | REPRESENTATIVES. Stephen Adams Aberdeen. I Henry T. Ellett 4 Jefferson Davis 3 Warrenton. | Robert W. Roberts. . .Hillsborough. 1 Appointed in place of Robert J. Walker, resigned ; took his seat Deo. 7, 1845; subsequently elected by the legislature. s Re signed hi 1845. s Resigned in 1846. 4 Elected hi place of Jefferson Davis, resigned; took his seat Jan. 20, 1847. MISSOURI. SENATORS. David R. Atchison l Platte City. | Thomas H. Benton St. Louis. REPRESENTATIVES. Jacob Thompson Oxford. James B. Bowlin St. Louis. I John S. Phelps Springfield. William McDaniel 2 Palmyra. | Sterling Price 3 Keytersville. James H. Relfe Caledonia. Leonard H. Suns Springfield. Elected president pro tern. Aug. 8, 184G. Elected in place of Sterling Price, resigned; took Ms seat Dec. 7, 1846. Re signed in 1846. NEW HAMPSHIRE. SENATORS. Charles G. Atherton Nashua. Joseph Cilley l Nottingham. Benning W. Jenness 2 Strafford. Levi Woodbury 3 Portsmouth. REPRESENTATIVES. James H. Johnson Bath. I Moses Morris, jun Pittslield. Mace Moulton . Manchester. | 1 Elected hi place of Levi Woodbury, resigned, Benning W. Jenness having been appointed pro tern. ; took Ms seat June 22, 1846. 2 Appointed hi place of .Levi Woodbury, resigned; took his seat Dec. 1, 1845. * Resigned in 184o. NEW JERSEY. SENATORS. William L. Dayton Trenton. | Jacob W. Miller Morristown. REPRESENTATIVES. Joseph E. Edsall Hamburg. I John Runk Kingwood. I William Wright Newark. James G. Hampton Bridgeton. | George Sykes Mt. Holly. | 116 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTOEY. NEW YORK. SENATORS. Daniel S. Dickinson Binghamton. | John A. Dix . Joseph H. Anderson ."White Plains. Charles S. Benton Mohawk. William W. Campbell. . .New York. Chas. H. Carroll. Groveland Centre. John F. Collin Hillsdale. Erastus D. Culver Greenwich. Samuel S. Ellsworth .... Penn Yan. Charles Goodyear Schoharie. Samuel Gordon Delhi. Martin Grover Angelica. Richard P. Herrick 1 . . . .Greenbush. Elias 13. Holmes Brockport. REPRESENTATIVES. William J. Hough Cazenovia. Orville Hungerford Watertown. Washington Hunt Lockport. Timothy Jenkins .... Oneida Castle. Preston King Ogdensburg. John W. Lawrence Flushing. Abner Lewis Panama. William B. Maclay New York. William S. Miller New York. William A. Moseley Buffalo. John DeMott Lodi. Archibald C. Niven Monticello. .Albany. George Rathbun Auburn. Thomas C. Ripley 2 . . .Schaghticoke. Joseph Russell Warrensburg. Henry J. Seaman Richmond. Albert Smith Batavia. Stephen Strong Owego. Horace Wheaton Pompey. Hugh White Cohoes. Bradford R. Wood Albany. Thomas M. Woodruff New York. Wm. W. "Wood worth. ..Hyde Park. Died June 20, 1846. Elected in place of Richard P. Herrick, deceased ; took his seat Dec. 7, 1846. NORTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. George E. Badger l Raleigh. I Willie P. Mangum. William H. Haywood 2 Raleigh. | .Red Mountain. REPRESENTATIVES. Daniel M. Barringer Concord. Asa Biggs Williamston. Henry S. Clarke Washington. John R. J. Daniel Halifax. James C. Dobbin Fayetteville. Alfred Dockery . . .Dockery s Store. Elected in place of William H. Haywood, resigned ; took his seat Dec. 14, 1846. James Graham Rutherfordton. James J. McKay . . .Elizabethtown. David S. Reid Reidsville. Resigned July 25, 1S46. William Allen. Jacob Brinkerhoff Mansfield. J. D. Cummins. .New Philadelphia. F. A. Cunningham Eaton. Columbus Delano Mt. Vernon. James J. Faran Cincinnati. George Fries Han overtoil. Joshua R. Giddings Jefferson. OHIO. SENATORS. Chillicothe. | Thomas Corwin. . REPRESENTATIVES. Alexander Harper Zanesville. Joseph J. McDowell. .Hillsborough. Joseph Morris Woodsfield. Isaac Parish Parish s Mills. Augustus L. PeiTill Lithopolis. Joseph M. Root Norwalk. William Sawyer St. Mary s. .Lebanon. Robert C. Schenck Dayton. Henry St. John. . . .McCutchenville. D. A. Starkweather Canton. Allen G. Thurman Chillicothe. Daniel R. Tilden Ravenna. Joseph Vance Urbana. Samuel F. Vinton Gallipolis. PENNSYLVANIA. SENATORS. James Buchanan * Lancaster. Daniel Sturgeon. Simon Cameron 2 Middletown. .TJniontown. James Black Newport. John Blanchard Belief onte. Richard Brodhead Easton. Joseph BufHnffton Kittanning. John H. Campbell Philadelphia. Cornelius Darragh Pittsburg. Jacob Erdman Coopersburg. John H. Ewing Washington. i Resigned March, 1845. * REPRESENTATIVES. Henry D. Foster Greeiisbnrg. William S. Garvin Mercer. Charles J. Ingersoll.. .Philadelphia. Joseph R. Ingersoll. . .Philadelphia. Owen D. Leib Catawissa. Lewis C. Levin Philadelphia. Moses McClean Gettysburg. A. R. Mcllvaine Brandy win o. James Pollock Milton. Alexander Ramsey Harrisburg. John Hitter Reading. Andrew Stewart TJniontown. John Strohin New Providence. James Thompson Erie. David Wilmot Towanda, Jacob S. Yost Pottstown. Elected in place of James Buchanan, resigned; took his seat Dec. 1, 1845. RHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. Albert C. Greene Providence. | James F. Simmons Providence. REPRESENTATIVES. Lemuel H. Arnold Wakefield. | Henry Y. Cranston Newport. SOUTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. Andrew P. Butler 1 Edgefield C. II. I George McDume 3 John C. Calhoun 2 Pendleton. | 1 Elected in place of George McDuffle, resigned ; took his seat Doc. 27, 1846. 2 Elected in place of Daniel E. Huger, resigned in 1845 j took his Boat Dec. 22, 1845. 3 Resigned in 146. .Cherry Hill. THE TWENTY-NINTH CONGRESS. 117 James A. Black, Cherokee Iron Works. Ariuistead Burt Willirigton. REPRESENTATIVES. Isaac E. Holmes Charleston. E. Barnwell Ehett Ashepoo. Richard F. Simpson Pendleton. Alexander D. Sims. Darlington C. H. Joseph A. Woodward. ..Winsboro . Spencer Jarnagin , Milton Brown Jackson. Lucien B. Chase Clarksville. William M. Cocke Rutledge. John H. Crozier Knoxville. TENNESSEE. SENATORS. . .Athens. | Hopkins L. Turney. REPRESENTATIVES. .Winchester. Alvan Cnllom Livingston. Edwin H. Ewing Nasliville. Meredith P. Gentry Franklin. Andrew Johnson Greenville. George W. Jones Fayetteville. Barclay Martin Columbia. Frederick P. Stanton Memphis. TEXAS. SENATORS. Samuel Houston x Eaven Hill. | Thomas J. Rusk 2 Nacogdoches. REPRESENTATIVES. David S. Kaufman 8 Lowes Ferry. | Timothy Pillsbury 4 Brazoria. * Took his seat March 30, 1846. s Took his seat March 26, 1846. Took his seat June 1, 1846. * Took his seat June 10, 1846. VERMONT. SENATORS. William S. Phelps Middlebury. | William TJpham Montpelier. REPRESENTATIVES. Jacob Collamer Woodstock. I Solomon Foot Rutland. Paul Dillingham, jun Waterbury. | George P. Marsh Burlington. VIRGINIA. SENATORS. William S. Archer Lodore. Isaac S. Pennybacker 2 James M. Mason * Winchester. .New Market. Archibald Atkinson Smithfield. Thomas H. Bayly. . . Accomac C. H. Henry Bedinger Charlestown. William G. Brown Kingwood. Augustus A. Chapman Union. George C. Dromgoole Summit. REPRESENTATIVES. George W. Hopkins Abingdon. Edward W. Hubard Curdsville. Robert M. T. Hunter Lloyd s. Joseph Johnson Bridgeport. Shelton F. Leake. . .Charlottesville. James McDowell 3 Lexington. John S. Pendleton . . Culpeper C. H. James A. Seddon Richmond. William Taylor 4 Lexington. William M. Tredway Danville. 1 Elected in place of Isaac S. Pennybacker, deceased; took his seat Jan. 25, 1847. William Taylor, deceased ; took his seat March 6, 1846. 2 Died Jan. 12, 1847. Died Jan. 17, 1846. Elected in place of IOWA TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Augustus C. Dodge . .Burlington. WISCONSIN TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Morgan L. Martin Green Bay. 118 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. THE THIETIETH COMKESS. First Session, from Dec. 6, 1847, to Aug. 14, 1848. Second Session, from Dec. 4, 1848, to March 3, 1849. Vice-president. GEOKGE M. DALLAS of Pennsylvania. President of the Senate pro tempore. DAVID R. ATCHISON of Missouri. Secretary of the Senate. ASBUKY DICKENS of North Carolina. Speaker of the House. ROBERT C. WINTHROP of Massachusetts. Speaker of the Ilouse pro tempore. ARMISTED BURT of South Carolina. Clerks of the House. BENJAMIN B. FRENCH of New Hampshire; THOMAS JEFFERSON CAMPBELL of Tennessee, elected Dec. 7, 1847. ALABAMA. SENATORS. Arthur P. Bagby * Tuscaloosa. I William R. King 8 Selma. Benjamin Fitzpatrick 2 Wetumpka. | Dixon H. Lewis 4 Benton. Franklin W. Bowdon . . .Talladega. Williamson R. W. Cobb. Belief onte. John Gayle Mobile. REPRESENTATIVES. Sampson W. Harris Wetumpka. Henry W. Hilliard . . .Montgomery. George S. Houston Athens. Samuel W. Inge Livingston. 1 Resigned June 16, 1848. 2 Appointed in place of Dixon H. Lewis, deceased ; took his seat Dec. 11, 1848. s Appointed in place of Arthur P. Bagby, resigned; took his seat July 13, 1848; subsequently elected by the legislature. * Died Oct. 25, 1848. ARKANSAS. SENATORS. Chester Ashley 1 Little Rock. William K. Sebastian 8 Helena. Solon Borland 2 Little Rock. Ambrose H. Sevier 4 Pine Bluff. REPRESENTATIVE. Robert W. Johnson Little Rock. 1 Died April 20, 1848. a Appointed in place of Ambrose H. Sevier, resigned; took his seat April 24, 1848; subsequently elected by the legislature. * Appointed in place of Chester Ashley, deceased; took his seat May 31, 1848. * Resigned March 15, 1848. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. Roger S. Baldwin * New Haven. | John M. Niles Hartford. REPRESENTATIVES. James Dixon Hartford. I .John A. Rockwell Norwich. Samuel D. Hubbard Middletowu. I Truman Smith Litchfleld. i Appointed in place of Jabez W. Huntington, deceased Nov. 2, 184T ; took his seat Dec. 7, 1847. DELAWARE. SENATORS. John M. Clayton * New Castle. I John Wales 2 Wilmington. Presley Spruance Smyrna. | REPRESENTATIVE. John W. Houston Georgetown. 1 Resigned in 1849. a Elected in place of John M. Clayton, resigned ; took his seat Feb. 26, 1849. THE THIRTIETH CONGRESS. 119 FLORIDA. SENATORS. James D. Wescott, jun. Tallahassee. | David L. Yulee St. Augustine. REPRESENTATIVE. E. Carrington Cabell Tallahassee. GEORGIA. SENATORS. J. McPherson Berrien Savannah. I Herschell V. Johnson 2 . . . . .Milledeeville Walter T. Colquitt 1 Columbus. | REPRESENTATIVES. Howell Cobb Athens. Hugh A. Haralson La Grange. Alfred Iverson Columbus. John W. Jones Griffin. Thomas Butler King Frederica. John H. Lumpkin Home. A. H. Stephens Crawfordsville. Robert Toombs Washington. Resigned in 1848. a Appointed in place of Walter T. Colquitt, resigned; took his seat Feb. 14, 1848. Sidney Breese. ILLINOIS. SENATORS. ..Carlyle. | Stephen A. Douglas. REPRESENTATIVES. Orlando B. Ficklin Charleston. Abraham Lincoln Springfield. J. A. McCleruand.. .Shawueetown. William A. Richardson.. Rushville. Robert Smith Alton. Thomas J. Turner Freeport. John Wenfrworth. ..Quincy. .Chicago. Jesse D. Bright , Charles W. Cathcart La Porte. George G. Dunn Bedford. Elisha Embree Princeton. Thomas J. Henley. N. Washington. INDIANA. SENATORS. .Madison. | Edward A. Hannegan. REPRESENTATIVES. .Covington. John Pettit Lafayette. John L. Robinson Rushville. William Rockhill Fort Wayne. Caleb B. Smith Connersville. Rich d W. Thompson. Torre Haute. William W. Wick . . . .Indianapolis. IOWA. SENATORS. Augustus C. Dodge l Burlington. | George W. Jones * Dubuque. REPRESENTATIVES. Shepherd Leffler Burlington. | William Thompson Mt. Pleasant. i Took his seat Dec. 26, 1848. KENTUCKY. SENATORS. John J. Crittenden 1 Frankfort. Joseph R. Underwood. Thomas Metcalf e 2 Forest Retreat. .Bowling Green. Green Adams Barboursville. Linn Boyd Cadiz. Aylett Buckner Greensburg. Beverly L. Clark Franklin. REPRESENTATIVES. Garnet t Duncan Louisville. Richard French Mt. Sterling. John P. Gaines Walton. Charles S. More head Frankfort. Samuel O. Peyton Hartford. John B. Thompson. . .Harrodsburg. Resigned in 1848. Appointed in place of John J. Crittenden, resigned; took hi3 seat July 3, 1848; subsequently elected by the legislature. Solomon W. Downs. .New River. LOUISIANA. SENATORS. Monroe. ) Henry Johnson REPRESENTATIVES. John H. Harmanson Simmsport. Isaac E. Morse. St. Emile La Sere. . New Orleans. Bannon G. Thibodeaux Thibodeaux. 120 OONGEESSIONAL DIRECTORY. MAINE. SENATORS. James "W. Bradbury Augusta. I John Fairfield 2 Saco. Hannibal Hamlin 1 Harnpden. | Wyman B. S. Moor 8 Bangor. Hiram Belcher Farmington. Asa W. H. Clapp Portland. Franklin Clark Wiscasset. REPRESENTATIVES. David Hammons Lovell. Ephraim K. Smart Camden. James S. Wiley Dover. Hezekiah Williams Castine. 1 Elected in place of John Fairfield, deceased, Wyman B. S. Moor having been appointed pro tern. ; took his seat June 12, 1848. 2 Died Dec. 24, 1847. Appointed in place of John Fairtield, deceased; took his seat Jan. 17, 1848. MARYLAND. SENATORS. Reverdy Johnson Baltimore. | James A Pearce Chestertown. REPRESENTATIVES. John G. Chapman . . .Port Tobacco. John W. Crisfield. . . Princess Anne. Alexander Evans Elkton. Thomas W. Ligon Elkton. Robert M. McLane Baltimore. J. Dixon Roman Hagerstown. MASSACHUSETTS. SENATORS. John Davis Worcester. | Daniel Webster Boston. REPRESENTATIVES. Amos Abbott Andover. John Quincy Adams l Quincy. George Ashman Springfield. Joseph Grinnell New Bedford. Artemas Hale Bridgewater. Charles Hudson Westminster. Daniel P. King South Danvers. Horace Mann? West Newton. John G. Palfrey Cambridge. Julius Rockwell Pittsfield. Robert C. Winthrop 3 Boston. 1 Died in the speaker s room at the Capitol, Feb. 23, 1848. * Elected in place of John Quincy Adams, deceased; took his seat April 13, 1848. s Elected speaker Doc. 6, 1847. MICHIGAN. SENATORS. Lewis Cass l Detroit. I Thomas Fitzgerald 2 St. Joseph. Alpheus Felch Ann Harbor. | REPRESENTATIVES. Kinsley S. Bingham . . .Kensington. | Robert McClelland Monroe. | Charles E. Stuart Kalamazoo. 1 Resifjned May 29, 1848 ; subsequently elected to fill the vacancy occasioned by his own resignation, Thomas Fitzgerald having been appointed pro tern.; took his seat March 3, 1849. 2 Appointed in place of Lewis Cass, resigned; took his Boat June 20, 1848. MISSISSIPPI. SENATORS. Jefferson Davis 1 Warrenton. | Henry S. Foote Jackson. REPRESENTATIVES. Albert G. Brown Gallatin. Winfield S. Featherston Houston. 1 Appointed in place of Jesse Speight, deceased in 1847 ; took his seat Dec. 6, 1847 ; subsequently elected by the legislature. MISSOURI. SENATORS. David R. Atchison l Platte City. | Thomas H. Benton St. Louis. REPRESENTATIVES. James B. Bowlin St. Louis. I Willard P. Hall St. Joseph. I John S. Phelps Springfield. James S. Green Monticello. | John Jamieson Fulton. | 1 President pro tern. NEW HAMPSHIRE. SENATORS. Charles G. Atherton Nashua. | John P. Hale Dover. REPRESENTATIVES. James H. Johnson Bath. I Amos Turk Exeter. Charles II. Peaslee Concord. James Wilson Keene. Jacob Thompson Oxford. Patrick W. Tompkins Vicksburg. THE THIRTIETH CONGRESS. 121 NEW JERSEY. SENATOES. William L. Dayton Trenton. | Jacob W. Miller Morristown. REPRESENTATIVES. Joseph E. Edsall Hamburg. I James G. Hampton Bridgeton. I John Van Dyke New Brunswick Dudley S. Gregory Jersey City. | William A. Newell Allentown. runswick. Daniel S. Dickinson. NEW TOEK. SENATORS. .Binghamton. | John A. Dix , REPRESENTATIVES. Ausburn Birdsall Binghamton. Esbou Blackmar * .Newark. William Collins Lowville. Harmon S. Conger Courtland. William Duer Oswego. Daniel Gott Pompey. Horace Greeley 2 New York. Nathan K. H all Buffalo. John M. Holley 3 Lyons. Elias B. Holmes .Brockport. Washington Hunt Lockport. David S. Jackson 4 New York. Timothy Jenkins Oneida Castle. Orlando Kellogg. . . .Elizabethtoxvn. Sidney Lawrence Moira. William T. Lawrence. .Cayutavillo. Frederick W. Lord.Green port, L. I. William B. Maclay New York. Dudley Marvin Ripley. Joseph Mullin Watertown! Henry C. Murphy Brooklyn. William Nelson Peekskill. Henry Nicoll New York. George Petrie Little Falls. .Albany. Harvey Putnam Attica. Gideon Reynolds Hoosick. Robert L. Rose Allen s Hill. David Ruinsev, jun Bath. Eliakim Shcrrill Shandaken. John I. Slingerland Bethlehem. G. A. Starkweather. .Cooperstown. Daniel B. St. John Monticello. Peter H. Sylvester Coxsackie. Frederick A. Tallmadge .New York. Cornelius Warren Cold Spring. Hugh White Cohoes. i Elected in place of John M. Holley, deceased ; took his seat Dec. 4, 1848. 2 Elected in place of David S. Jackson whose declared acant"^ riTiTliks 001 * MS S6at D6C> 4 1848 3 Died ma * ch 8 > 1848 4 Seat C01ltes t e ^ by James Monroe, and George E. Badger. NORTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. . . .Raleigh. | Willie P. Mangum. REPRESENTATIVES. .Red Mountain. Daniel M. Barringer Concord. Nathaniel Boyden Salisbury. Thomas L. Clingman Asheville. John R. J. Daniel Halifax. Richard S. Donnell Newbern. James J. McKay.. .Elizabethtown. David Outlaw Windsor. Augustus H. Shepperd Salem. Abraham W. Venable. Brownsville. William Allen. Richard S. Canby Belief ontaine. John Crowell Warren. John D. Cummins. N. Philadelphia. Rudolphus Dickinson, Lower Sandusky. Daniel Duncan Newark. Thomas O. Edwards Lancaster. Nathan Evans Cambridge. OHIO. SENATORS. Chillicothe. | Thomas Corwin REPRESENTATIVES. James J. Faran Cincinnati. David Fisher Wilmington. George Fries Hanoverton. Joshua R. Giddings Jefferson. William Kennon, jun. St. Clairsville. Samuel Lahm Canton. John K. Miller Mt. Vernon. Jonathan D. Morris Batavia. . Lebanon. Thomas Richey Somerset. Joseph M. Root Norwalk. William Sawyer St. Mary s. Robert C. Schenck Dayton. John L. Taylor Chillicothe. Samuel F. Vinton Gallipolis. Simon Cameron , PENNSYLVANIA. SENATORS. .Middletown. | Daniel Sturgeon. REPRESENTATIVES . .Uniontown. John Freedley Norristown. Moses Hampton Pittsburg. John W. Hornbeck 2 . . . . Allentown. Charles J. Ingersoll. . .Philadelphia. Joseph R. Ingersoll. . .Philadelphia. Alexander Irviii Clear tield. Lewis C. Levin Philadelphia. Job Mann Bedford. A. R. Mcllvaine Brandy wine. John Blanchard Belief onte. Jasper E. Brady Chambersburg. Samuel A. Bridges 1 . . . .Allentown. Richard Brodhead Easton. Charles Brown Philadelphia. Chester Butler Wilkesbarre. John Dickey Beaver. George N. Eckert Potts ville. John W. Farrelly Mead ville. 1 Elected in place of John "W. Hornbeck, deceased ; took his seat March C, 1848. * Died Jan. 16, 1848. Henry Nes York. James Pollock Milton. Andrew Stewart Uniontown. John Strohm N. Providence. William Strong Reading. James Thompson Erie. David Wilmot Towanda. RHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. John H. Clark Providence. | Albert C. Greene Providence. REPRESENTATIVES. Robert B. Cranston Newport. | Benjamin B. Thurston Hopkinton. 122 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Andrew P. Butler . Jas. A. Black 1 . Cherokee Iron Wk s. Armistead Burt Willington. Isaac E. Holmes Charleston. SOUTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. . .Edgefield C. H. | John C. Calhoim. REPRESENTATIVES. John McQueen 2 Bennettsville. R. Barnwcll Rhett Asliepoo. Richard F. Simpson Pendleton. .Penclleton. Died April 3, 1848. 2 Elected in place of Alexander D. Sims, deceased ; took his seat Feb. 12, 1849. * Elected in place of James A. Black, deceased ; took his seat June 12, 1848. A. D. Sims 8 Darlington C. H. Daniel Wallace 4 Union C. H. Jos. A. "Wood ward. Winnsborough. Died Nov. 16, 1848. John Bell. Washington Barrow Nashville. Lucien B. Chase Clarksville. William M. Cpcke Rutledge. John H. Crozier Knoxville. TENNESSEE. SENATORS. .Nashville. | Hopkins L. Turney , REPRESENTATIVES. .Winchester. Meredith P. Gentry Franklin. William T. Haskell Jackson. Hugh L. W. Hill.. . .Irving College. Andrew Johnson Greenville. George W. Jones Fayetteville. Frederick P. Stanton Memphis. James H. Thomas Columbia. TEXAS. SENATORS. Samuel Houston Raven Hill. | Thomas J. Rusk Nacogdoches. REPRESENTATIVES. David S. Kaufman Sabinetown. | Timothy Pillsbury Brazoria. VERMONT. SENATORS. Samuel S. Phelps Middlebury. | William Upham Montpelier. REPRESENTATIVES. Jacob Collamer Woodstock. George P. Marsh Burlington. William Henry Bellows Falls. Lucius B. Peck Montpelier. Robert M. T. Hunter. Archibald Atkinson Smithfield. Thomas H. Bayly. . . Accomac C. H. Richard L. T. Beale Hague. Henry Bedinger Charlestown. Thos. S. Bocock. Appomattox C. H. VIRGINIA. SENATORS. Lloyd s. | James M. Mason. REPRESENTATIVES. John M. Botts Richmond. William G. Brown Kingwood. Thomas S. Flournoy Halifax. Andrew S. Fulton Wytheyille. William L. Goggin Otter Bridge. .Winchester. James McDowell Lexington. Richard K. Meade Petersburg. John S. Pendleton . .Culpeper C. H. William B. Preston. . . .Blacksburg. Robt. A. Thompson. Kanawha C. H. Henry Dodge Mason C. Darling 8 i Took his seat June 23, 1848. WISCONSIN.* SENATORS. Dodgeville. | Isaac P. Walker 2 ......................... Milwaukee. REPRESENTATIVES. Fond du Lac. | William P. Lynde 4 ........................ Milwaukee. * Took his seat June 26, 1848. 3 Took his seat June 9, 1848. Took his seat June 6, 1848. Henry H. Sibloy 1 . WISCONSIN TERRITORY. DELEGATES. | John H. Tweedy, i Took his seat Jan. 15, 1849. .Milwaukee. * The State of Wisconsin, which was admitted into the Union May 20, 1848, was only a portion of Wisconsin Territory, which retained its organization, but which was, in March, 1849, re-organized as Minnesota Territory. THE THIRTY-FIRST CONGRESS. 123 THE THIBTY-FIEST CONGKESS, First Session, from Dec. 3, 1849, to Sept. 30, 1850. Second Session, from Dec. 2, 1850, to March 3, 1851. Vice-President. MILLARD FILLMORE! of New York. President of the Senate pro tempore. WILLIAM R. KING of Alabama, elected May 6, 1850. Secretary of the Senate. ASBURY DICKENS of North Carolina. Speaker of the House. HOWELL COBB of Georgia. Speaker of the House pro tempore. ROBERT C. WIN- THROP of Massachusetts. Clerks of the House. THOMAS JEFFERSON CAMPBELL of Tennessee; RICHABD M. YOUNG of Illinois, elected April 17, 1850. 1 Became President by the death of Zachary Taylor. ALABAMA. SENATORS. Jeremiah Clemens Huntsville. | William R. King * Selma. REPRESENTATIVES. William J. Alston Linden. Franklin W. Bowdon . . . Talladega. Williamson R. W. Cobb. Belief onte. Sampson W. Harris. . . . Wetumpka. Henry W. Hilliard . . .Montgomery. David Hubbard Kinlock. 1 Elected president pro tern. May 6, 1850. Samuel W. Inge Livingston. ARKANSAS. SENATORS. Solon Borland Hot Springs. | William K. Sebastian Helena. REPRESENTATIVE. Robert W. Johnson Little Rock. CALIFORNIA. SENATORS. John C. Fremont 1 San Francisco. | William M. Gwin 1 San Francisco. REPRESENTATIVES. Edward Gilbert 2 San Francisco. | George W. Wright 2 San Francisco. i Took his seat Sept. 10, 1850. 2 Took his seat Sept. 11, 1850. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. RogerS. Baldwin New Haven. | Truman Smith Litehfield. REPRESENTATIVES. Walter Booth . . Meriden. I Chauncey F. Cleveland Hampton. Thomas B. Butler Norwalk. | Loren P. Waldo lollancl. DELAWARE. SENATORS. Presley Spruance Smyrna. | John Wales Wilmington. REPRESENTATIVE. John W.Houston.. Georgetown. 124 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. FLOEIDA. SENATORS. Jackson Morton ...... , ..................... Pensacola. | David L. Yulee REPRESENTATIVE. E. Carrington Cabell St. Augustine. Tallahassee. GEORGIA. SENATORS. J. McPlierson Berrien ...................... Savannah. | William 0. Dawson. RE PRESENT ATIVES. Howell Cobb l .............. Athens. Thomas C. Hackett .......... Rome. Hugh A. Haralson ...... La Grange. Greensborough. Joseph "W. Jackson 2 . . . . Savannah. Allen F. Owen .......... Talbotton. A. H. Stephens ..... Crawfordsville. Robert Toombs ....... Washington. Marshall J. Welborn ---- Columbus. Elected speaker Dec. 21, 1849. 2 Elected in place of Thomas Butler King, resigned in 1849; took his seat March 4, 1850. Stephen A. Douglas Edward D. Baker .......... Galena. William H. Bissell ....... Belleville. Thomas L. Harris ...... Petersburg. ILLINOIS. SENATORS. Chicago. | James Shields REPRESENTATIVES. J. A. McClernand . . . Shawneetpwn. William A. Richardson ---- Quincy. John Went worth .......... Chicago. Timothy R. Young Belleville. Marshall. Jesse D. Bright Nathaniel Albertson ____ Greenville. William J. Brown .......... Amity. Cyrus L. Dunham ........... Salem. Graham N. Fitch ....... Logausport. INDIANA. SENATORS. Madison. | James Whitcomb REPRESENTATIVES. Willis A. Gorman ---- Bloomington. Andrew J. Harlan .......... Marion. George W. Julian ...... Centreville. Jos. E. McDonald . . Crawfordsville. Indianapolis. Edward W. McGaughey . Rockville. John L. Robinson ........ Rushville. IOWA. SENATORS. Augustus C. Dodge ........................ Burlington. | George W. Jones ............................ Dubuque. REPRESENTATIVES. Shepherd Leffler ........................... Burlington. Daniel F. Miller 1 .......................... William Thompson 2 .................. Mount Pleasant. Unsuccessfully contested the election of William Thompson ; subsequently elected at new election, and took his seat Dec. 20, 1850. 2 Seat declared vacant June 29, 1850. Henry Clay Linn Boyd ................... Cadiz. Daniel Breck ............ Richmond. George A. Caldwell ...... Columbia. James L. Johnson. .Owensborough. KENTUCKY. SENATORS. Lexington. | Joseph R. Underwood REPRESENTATIVES. Bowling Green. Humphrey Marshall, Drennon s Lick. John C. Mason ........ Owingsville. Finis E. McLean ............ Elkton. Charles S. Morehead ---- Frankfort. Richard H. Stanton ...... Maysville. John B. Thompson. . .Harrodsburg. Solomon U. Downs LOUISIANA. SENATORS. Monroe. | Pierre Sould New Orleans. REPRESENTATIVES. Isaac E. Morse ..... St. Martinsville. Alexander G. Penn 4 ---- Covington. 1 Elected in place of Charles M. Conrad, resigned ; took his seat Dec. 5, 1850. 2 Resigned Aug. 17, 1850. Died Oct. 25, 1850. 4 Elected in place of John II. Harmanson, deceased ; took his seat Dec. 30, 1850. Henry A. Bullard 1. . .New Orleans. Charles M. Conrad 2 . .New Orleans. John H. Harmanson 8 . .Simmsport. Einile La Sere ........ New Orleans. THE THIRTY-FIRST CONGRESS. 125 James W. Bradbury. Thomas J. D. Fuller Calais. Elbridge Gerry "Waterford. llufus K. Goodenow Paris. MAINE. SENATORS. Augusta. | Hannibal Hamlin , REPRESENTATIVES. Nathaniel S. Littlefield. .Bridgeton. John Oris Hallowell. Cullen Sawtelle Norridgewock. MARYLAND. SENATORS. Charles Stetson .Hampden. . .. .Bangor. James A. Pearce Chestertown. David Stewart 2 Thomas G. Pratt 1 Annapolis. Richard I. Bowie. Rockvillo. Alexander Evans Elkton. REPRESENTATIVES. "William T. Hamilton .Hagerstown. I John B. Ker Easton. Edward Hammond. Ellicott s Mills. | Robert M. McLane Baltimore. 1 Elected in place of Reverdy Johnson, resigned in 1849, David Stewart having been appointed pro tern. ; took liis seat Jan. 14, 1850. 2 Appointed in place of Reverdy Johnson, resigned in 1849 ; took his seat Dec. 8, 1849. MASSACHUSETTS. SENATORS. John Davis Worcester. Robert Rautoul, jun. 1 Boston. Daniel Webster 2 Boston. Robert C. Wiuthrop 3 Boston. Charles Allen Worcester. George Ashniun Springfield. James II. Duncan Haverhill. Samuel A. Eliot 4 Boston. REPRESENTATIVES. Orin Fowler Fall River. Joseph ( Jrinnell New Bedford. Daniel P. King 5 Danvers. Horace Mann West Newton. Julius Rockwell Pittsfield. Robert C. Winthrop s Boston. 1 Elected in place of Daniel "Webster, resigned. Robert C. Winthrop having been appointed pro tern. ; took his seat Feb. 22, 1851. 2 Resigned July 22, 1850, having been appointed secretary of state. 3 Appointed senator in place of Daniel Webster, resigned; took his seat July 30, 1S50; retired from senate Feb. 7,1801. * Elected in place of Robert C. Wiiithrop, appointed senator; took his seat Aug. 22, 1850. Died July 25, 1850. MICHIGAN. SENATORS. Lewis Cass Detroit. | Alpheus Felch Ann Arbor. REPRESENTATIVES. Kingsley S. Bingham. .Kensington. | Alexander W. Buel Detroit. | William Sprague Kalamazoo. MISSISSIPPI. SENATORS. Jefferson Davis Palmyra. | Henry S. Foote Jackson. REPRESENTATIVES. Albert G. Brown Gallatin. William McWillie Camden Winlield S. Eeatherston Houston. Jacob Thompson Oxford. David R. Atchison , William V. N. Bay Union. I James S. Greene Canton. James B. Bowlin St. Louis. Willard P. Hall St. Joseph. MISSOUPJ. SENATORS. .Platte City. | Thomas H. Benton St. Louis. REPRESENTATIVES. John S. Phelps Springfield. NEW HAMPSHIRE. SENATORS. John P. Hale Dover. | Moses Norris, jun Manchester. REPRESENTATIVES. Harry Hibbard Bath. I Charles H. Peaslee Concord. I James Wilson 2 Keene. George W. Morrison 1 . .Manchester. | Amos Tuck Exeter. | Elected in place of James Wilson, resigned; took his seat Dec. 2, 1850; election unsuccessfully contested by Jared Perkins. 2 Resigned Sept. 9, 1850. 126 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. NEW JERSEY. SENATORS. "William L. Dayton Trenton. | Jacob W. Miller Morristown. REPRESENTATIVES. William A. Newell Allentown. | Isaac Wildrick Blairstown. Andrew K. Hay Winslow. James G. King. Hoboken. John Van Dyke. . .New Brunswick. Daniel S. Dickinson. NEW YORK. SENATORS. .Binghamton. | William H. Seward. .Auburn. Henry P. Alexander. . .Little Falls. George R. Andrews. . .Ticonderoga. Henry Bennett New Berlin. David A. Bokee Brooklyn. George Brings New York. James Brooks New York. Lorenzo Burrows Albion. Charles E. Clarke Great Bend. Harmon S. Conger, Courtland Village. William Duer Oswego. Daniel Gott Pompey. REPRESENTATIVES. Herman D. Gould Delhi. Ransom Hallo way Beekman. William T. Jackson. Havana. John A. King Jamaica. Preston King Ogdensburg. Orsamus B. Matteson Utica. Thomas McKissock Newburg. William Nelson Peekskiil. J. Phillips Phoenix New York. Harvey Putnam Attica. Gideon Reynolds Hoosick. Elijah Risley Fredonia. Robert L. Rose Allen s Hill. David Rumsey, jun Bath. William A. Sackett. . .Seneca Falls. A. M. Schermerhorn Rochester. John L. Schoolcraft Albany. Peter H. Silvester Coxsackie. Elbridge G. Spaulding Buffalo. John R. Thurinan Chestertown. Walter Undcrhill New York. Hiram Walden Waldensville. Hugh White Cohoes. George E. Badger. NORTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. , . . .Raleigh. | Willie P. Mangum . .Red Mountain. William S. Ashe Wilmington. Joseph P. Caldwell Statesville. Thomas L. Cliiigman . . . . Asheville. REPRESENTATIVES. John R. J. Daniel Halifax. Edmund Deberry Mount Gilead. David Outlaw Windsor. Augustine H. Shepperd Salem. Edward Stanly Washington. A. W. Venable Brownsville. OHIO. SENATORS. Salmon P. Chase Cincinnati. I Thomas Ewing 2 . Thomas Corwin l Lebanon. .Lancaster. John Bell 8 Fremont. Joseph Cable Carrollton. Lewis I). Campbell Hamilton. David K. Cartter Massillon. Moses B. Corwin Urbana. John Crowell Warren. David T. Disney Cincinnati. Nathan Evans Cambridge. REPRESENTATIVES. Joshua R. Giddings Jefferson. Moses Hoagland Millersburg. William F. Hunter Woodsfield. John K. Miller Mt. Vernon. Jonathan D. Morris Batavia. Edson B. Olds Circleville. Emery D. Potter Toledo. Joseph M. Root Sandusky. Robert C. Schenck Dayton. Charles Sweetser Delaware. John L. Taylor Chillicothe. Samuel F. Vinton Gallipolis. William A. Whittlesey . . .Marietta. Amos E. Wood * Woodville. 1 Resigned July 22, 1850, having been appointed secretary of the treasury. 2 Appointed in place of Thomas Corwin, re signed; took his seat July 27, 1850. * Elected in place of Amos E. Wood, deceased; took liis seat Jan. 7, 1851. * Died Nov. 19, 1850. PENNSYLVANIA. SENATORS. James Cooper Pottsville. | Daniel Sturgeon Unioutown. REPRESENTATIVES. Alfred Gilmore Butler. Moses Hampton Pittsburg. John W. Howe Franklin. Lewis C. Levin Philadelphia. Job Mann Bedford. Jas. X. McLanahan.Chambersburg. Henry D. Moore Philadelphia. Henry Nes 4 York. Andrew J. Ogle Somerset. ,sed; took his seat Jan. 13, 1851. 2 Died Oct. 5, 1850. Elected in place of Henry ed; took his seat Dec. 2, 1850. 4 Died Sept. 10, 1S50. John Brisbin * Chester Butler 2 Wilkesbarre. Samuel Calvin Hollidaysburg. Joseph Casey New Berlin. Joseph R. Chandler . .Philadelphia. Joel B. Danner 3 Gettysburg. Jesse C. Dickey New London. Milo M. Dimmiek Stroudsburg. John Freedley Norristown. 1 Elected in place of Chester Butler, dece; Nes, deceai Charles W. Pitman Pottsville. Robert R. Reed Washington. John Robbius, jun.. . . Philadelphia. Thomas Ross Doylestown. Thaddeus Stevens Lancaster. William Strong Reading. James Thompson Erie. David Wilmot Towanda. RHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. John H. Clarke Providence. | Albert C. Greene Providence. REPRESENTATIVES . Nathan F. Dixon Westerly. | George G. King Newport. THE THIRTY-FIRST CONGRESS. 127 SOUTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. Robert W. Barnwell l Arthur P. Butler Edgefield C. H. John C. Calhoun 2 Peudleton. Franklin H. Elmore 8 R. Barnwell Rhett 4 Charleston. Annistead Bnrt Willington. William F. Colcock. . .Grahamville. Isaac E. Holmes Charleston. REPRESENTATIVES. John McQueen Bennetts ville. James L. Orr Anderson C. H. Daniel Wallace Union C. H. Jos. A. Woodward. Winnsborough. i Appointed in place of Franklin II. Elmore, deceased ; took his seat June 24, 1850. 2 Died March 31, 1850. * Appointed in place of John C. Calhoun, deceased; took his seat May C, 1850; died May 20, 1850. * Elected in place of John C. Calhoun, deceased, Franklin H. Elmore and Robert W. Bariiwell having been appointed pro tern.; took his seat Jan. 6, 1851. John Bell. TENNESSEE. SENATORS. .Nashville. | Hopkins L. Turney , .Winchester. Josiah M. Anderson. .Coop s Creek. Andrew Ewing Nashville. Meredith P. Gentry Franklin. Isham G. Harris Paris. REPRESENTATIVES. Andrew Johnson Greenville. George W. Jones Fayetteville. John II. Savage Srnithville. Frederick P. Stanton Memphis. James H. Thomas Columbia. Albert G. Watkius .Panther Springs. Christop r H. Williams. .Lexington. TEXAS. SENATORS. Samuel Houston Huntsville. | Thomas J. Rusk REPRESENTATIVES. Volney E. Howard San Antonio. | David S. Kaufman *. i Died Jan. 31, 1851. .Nacogdoches. .Brazoria. Samuel S. Phelps. VERMONT. SENATORS. .Middlebury. | William Upham Montpelier. REPRESENTATIVES. William Ilebard Chelsea. William Henry Bellows Falls. James Meacham Middlebury. Lucius B. Peck Montpelier. Robert M. T. Hunter . Thomas IT. Averctt . .Halifax C. H. Thomas H. Bayly. . . Accomac C. II. James M. II. Bcalo Pt. Pleasant. Thos. S. Bocock.Appomattox C. H. Henry A. Edmondsou Salem. VIRGINIA. SENATORS. Lloyd s. | James M. Mason. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas S. Hayrnond *. .Fairmount. Alexander R. Holladay. .Mansfield. James McDowell Lexington. Fayette McMullen Rye Cove. Richard K. Meade Petersburg. .Winchester. John S. Millson Norfolk. Jeremiah Morton Raccoon Ford. Richard Parker Berry ville. Paulus Powell Amherst C. H. James A Seddoii Richmond. Elected in place of Alexander Newman, deceased in 1849, having never taken his seat. WISCONSIN. SENATORS. Henry Dodge Dodgeville. | Isaac P., Walker Milwaukee. REPRESENTATIVES. Orsamus Cole Potosi. | James Duane Doty Menasha. | Charles Durkee Southport. MINNESOTA TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Henry H. Sibley , .Mendota. OREGON TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Samuel R. Thurston. .Linn City. 128 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. THE THIETY-SECOND CONGRESS. First Session, from Dec. 1, 1851, to Aug. 31, 1852. Second Session, from Dec. 6, 1852, to March 3, 1853. Vice-President. "WILLIAM R. KING* of Alabama. Presidents of the Senate pro tempore. WILLIAM R. KING 2 of Alabama ; DAVID R. ATCHISON of Missouri, elected Dec. 20, 1852. Secretary of the Senate. ASBUKY DICKENS of North Carolina. Speaker of the House. LINN Bo YD of Kentucky. Clerk of the House. JOHN W. FORNEY of Pennsylvania, i Died April 18, 1853. Resigned Dec. 20, 1852. ALABAMA. SENATORS. Jeremiah Clemens Huntsville. I William R. King 2 Selma. Benjamin Fitzpatrick * Wetumpka. | James Abercrombie Girard. John Bragg Mobile. Williamson R. W. Cobb. Belief onte. REPRESENTATIVES. Sampson W. Harris.. . .Wetumpka. George S. Houston Athens. William R. Smith. . . .Fayette C. H. Alexander White Talladega. 1 Appointed in place of William R. King, resigned; took his seat Jan. 20, 1853. 2 Resigned as president pro tern. Dec. 20, 1852; subsequently resigned his seat, having been elected Vice-President. ARKANSAS. SENATORS. Solon Borland Hot Springs. | William K. Sebastian Helena. REPRESENTATIVE. Robert W. Johnson Little Rock. CALIFORNIA. SENATORS. William M. Gwin San Francisco. | John B. Weller 1 San Francisco. REPRESENTATIVES. Edward C. Marshall Sonora. | Joseph W. McCorkle Marysville. 1 Took his seat March 17, 1852. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. Truman Smith Litchfield. | Isaac Toucey * Hartford. REPRESENTATIVES. Charles Chapman Hartford. Colin M. Ingersoll New Haven. Chauucey F. Cleveland Hampton. Origen S. Seymour Litchtield. 1 Took his seat May 14, 1852. DELAWARE. SENATORS. James A. Bayard Wilmington. | Presley Spruance Smyrna. REPRESENTATIVE. George Read Riddle Wilmington. THE THIRTY-SECOND CONGRESS. 129 FLOKIDA. SENATORS. Stephen R. Malloryi Jacksonville. (Jackson Morton Pensacola REPRESENTATIVE. E. Carrington Cabell 1 Election uusuccessf ully contested by David L. Yulee. Monticello. GEORGIA. SENATORS. J. McPherson Berrien 1 Savannah. William C. Dawson . Robert M. Charlton 2 Savannah. .Greensborough. David J. Bailey Jackson. Elijah W. Chastain Tacoah. Junius Hillyer Monroe. REPRESENTATIVES. Joseph W. Jackson Savannah. James Johnson Columbus. Charles Murphy Decatur. Alex. H. Stephens . .Crawford ville. Robert Toombs Washington. Resigned May 28, 1852. * Appointed in place of J. McPherson Berrien, resigned ; took his seat June 11, 1853. Stephen A. Douglas Willis Allen Marion. William H. Bissell Belleville. Thompson Campbell Galena. ILLINOIS. SENATORS. Chicago. | James Shields . . REPRESENTATIVES. Orlando B. Ficklin Charleston. Richard S. Molony Belvidere. William A. Richardson .... Quincy. Richard Yates. Belleville. .Jacksonville. INDIANA. SENATORS. Jesse D. Bright Madison. Charles W. Cathcart 1 La Porte. John Petit 2 Lafayette. James Whitcoinb 8 Indianapolis. REPRESENTATIVES. Samuel Brenton Fort Wayne. | Willis A. Gorman Bloomington. John G. Davis Rockv ille. " Cyrus L. Dunham Salem. Thomas A. Hendricks. . Shelby ville. James Lockhart Evans ville. Daniel Mace. Lafayette. Samuel W. Parker Connersville. John L. Robinson Rush ville. Graham N. Fitch Logansport. 1 Appointed in place of James Whitcomb, deceased ; took his seat Dec. 6. 1852. * Elected in place of James Whitcomb, deceased, Charles W. Cathcart having been appointed pro tern. ; took his seat Jan. 18, 1853. Died Oct. 4, 1852. IOWA. SENATORS. Augustus C. Dodge Burlington. | George W. Jones Dubuque. REPRESENTATIVES. Lincoln Clark Dubuque. | Bernhart Henn Fairfield. KENTUCKY. SENATORS. Henry Clay * Lexington. Archibald Dixon 2 Henderson. David Meriwether s Joseph R. Underwood Bowling Green. Linn Boyd * Paducha. John C. Breckenridge. . .Lexington. Presley Ewing .Russellville. Benjamin E. Grey Hopkinsville. REPRESENTATIVE. Humphrey Marshall 5 . . New Castle. John C. Mason Owensville. William Preston 6 Louisville. Richard H. Stanton Maysville. James W. Stone Elizabethtown. William T. Ward Greensburg. Addison White Richmond. 1 Died June 29, * Elected in place of Aug. 4, 1852. Electedln" place oYilVmphrey Marshair, resigned"; took his seat Dec. 6, 1852. 130 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. LOUISIANA. SENATORS. Solomon W. Downs Monroe. | Pierre Soule" New Orleans. REPRESENTATIVES. J. Aristide Landry Donaldsonville. Alexander G. Penn Covington John Moore New Iberia. Louis St. Martin New Orleans. Robert Goodenow Farmington. Moses McDonald Biddeford. Isaac Reed 2 Waldoborough. Ephraim K. Smart Cam den. Israel Washburn, jun Orono. MAINE. SENATORS. James "W. Bradbury Augusta. | Hannibal Hamlin Hauipden. REPRESENTATIVES. Charles Andrews * Paris. John Appleton Portland. Thomas J. D. Fuller Calais. 1 Died April 30, 1852. * Elected in place of Charles Andrews, deceased; took his seat June 25, 1852. MARYLAND. SENATORS. James A. Pearce Chestertown. | Thomas G. Pratt Annapolis. REPRESENTATIVES. Richard I. Bowie Rockville. I Alexander Evans Elkton. I Edward Hammond. Ellicott s Mills. Joseph S. Cottman. .Upper Trappe. | "William T. Hamilton .Hagerstown. | Thomas Yates Walsh Baltimore. MASSACHUSETTS. SENATORS. John Davis "Worcester. | Charles Sumner Boston. REPRESENTATIVES. Charles Allen "Worcester. "William Appleton Boston. George T. Davis Greenfield. James H. Duncan Haverhill. Francis B. Fay l Chelsea. Orin Fowler 2 Fall River. John Z. Goodrich Glendale. Edward P. Little 3 Marshfield. Horace Mann West Newton. Robert Rantoul, jun. 4 Beverly. Lorenzo Sabine 6 Framingham. Zeno Scudder Barnstable. Benj. Thompson 6 Charlestown. 1 Elected in place of Robert Rantoul, jun. , deceased ; took his seat Dec. 29, 1852. s Died Sept. 3, 1852. Elected in place of Oriii Fowler, deceased; took his seat Dec. 30, 1852. * Died Aug. 7, 1852. " Elected iu place of Benjamin Thompson, deceased; took his seat Dec. 28, 1852. Died Sept. 24, 1852. MICHIGAN. SENATORS. Lewis Cass Detroit. | Alpheus Felch Ann Arbor. REPRESENTATIVES. James L. Conger. . .Mount Clemens. | Ebenezer J. Penniman . . Plymouth. | Charles E. Stuart Kalamazoo. MISSISSIPPI. SENATORS. Stephen Adams 1 Aberdeen. Henry S. Foote 3 Jackson Walter Brooke 2 Lexington. John I. McRae 4 Enterprise. REPRESENTATIVES. Albert G. Brown Gallatin. John D. Freeman Jackson. Benjamin D. Nabers Hickory Flat. John A. Wilcox Aberdeen. 1 Elected in place of Jefferson Davis, resigned in 1851, John I. McRao having been appointed jjro tern.; took his seat March 17, 1852. 2 Elected in place of Henry S. Fopto, resigned ; took his seat March 11, 1852. * Resigned in 1852. Ap pointed in place of Jefferson Davis, resigned; took his seat Dec. 19, 1851. MISSOURI. SENATORS. David R. Atchison 1 Platte City. | Henry S. Geyer. St. Louis. REPRESENTATIVES. John F. Darby St. Louis. John G. Miller Boonvillo. I Gilchrist Porter. . . .Bowling Green. Willard P. Hall St. Joseph. John S. Phelps Springfield. | 1 Elected president pro tern. Doc. 20, 1852. THE THIBTY-SECOND CONGRESS. 131 NEW HAMPSHIKE. SENATORS. John P. Hale Dover. | Moses Norris. REPRESENTATIVES. Manchester. Harry Hibbard Bath. Charles H. Peaslee Concord. Jared Perkins "Winchester Amos Tuck Exeter. NEW JERSEY. SENATORS. Jacob W. Miller Morristown. | Robert F. Stockton 1 Princeton. REPRESENTATIVES. George H Brown Somerville. I Charles Skelton Trenton. I Isaac Wildrick .Blairstown. Roduian M. Price Hoboken. | Nathan T. Stratton . . .Mulliea Hill. | 1 Resigned in 1863. Hamilton Fish. NEW YORK. SENATORS. .New York. | William H. Seward. .Auburn. Leander Babcock Oswego. Henry Bennett New Berlin. Obadiah Bowne Richmond. John H. Boyd Whitehall. George Brigg-i New York. James Brooks New York. Alexander H. Buell * Fairrield. Loren/o Burrows Albion. Gilbert Dean Pouglikeepsie. John G. Floyd Moriches. Emanuel B. Hart New York. Augustus P. HascaLL Le Roy. REPRESENTATIVES. Solomon G. Haven Buffalo. J. H. Hobart Ha\ves New York. Jerediah Horsford Moscow. Thomas Y. Howe, jun Auburn. Willard Ives Watertown. Timothy Jenkins Oneida Castle. Daniel T. Jones Baldwinsville. Preston King Ogdensburg. Frederick S. Martin Olean. William Murray Goshen. Reuben Robie Bath. Joseph Russell Warreusburg. 1 Died Jan. 29, 1853. William A. Sackett. . .Seneca Falls. Abraham M. Schermerhorn, Rochester. John L. Schoolcraft Albany. Marius Schoonmaker Kingston. David L. Seymour Troy. William W. Snow Oneonta. Abraham P. Stephens Nyack. Josiah Sutherland Hudson. Henry S. Walbridge Ithaca. Jolrn Wells Johnstown. George E. Badger. NORTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. , ...Raleigh. | Willie P. Mangum. .Red Mountain. William S. Ashe Wilmington. Joseph P. Caldwell States ville. Thomas L. Clingman . . . .Ashe ville. REPRESENTATIVES. John R. J. Daniel Halifax. Alfred Dockery . . .Dockery s Store. James T. Morehead . . .Greensboro . David Outlaw Windsor. Edward Stanly Washington. Abraham W. Venable. Browns ville. Salmon P. Chase. OHIO. SENATORS. .Cincinnati. | Benjamin F. Wade. .Jefferson. Nelson Barrere Hillsboroueh. Hiram Bell Greenville. George II. Busby Marion. Joseph Cable Carrollton. Lewis D. Campbell Hamilton. David K. Cartter Massillon. David T. Disney Cincinnati. REPRESENTATIVES . Alfred P. Edgerton Hicksville. James M. Gaylord.McConnellsville. Joshua R. Giddings Jefferson. Frederick W. Green Tiffin. Alexander Harper Zanesville. William F. Hunter Woodsiield. John Johnson Coshocton. Eben Newton Canfield. Edson B. Olds Circleville. Benjamin Stanton Belief ontaine. Charles Sweetser Delaware. John L. Taylor Chillicothe. Norton S. Townshend Avon. John Welch Athens. Richard Brodhead. PENNSYLVANIA. SENATORS. . .Easton. | James Cooper. REPRESENTATIVES. .Pottsville. John Allison Beaver James Gamble Jersey Shore. Thomas M. Bibi^haus . . . .Lebanon Alfred Gilinore Butler. Joseph R. Chandler . .Philadelphia. Carlton B. Curtis Warren Galnsha A. Grow Glenwood. John W Howe Franklin. John L. Dawson Brownsville Thomas M Howe. Alleghany City. Milo M. Diiinnick Stroudsburg. Thomas B. Florence. .Philadelphia. Henrv M. Fuller 1 Wilkesbarre. J. Glancy Jones Reading. Joseph 11. Kuhns Greensburg. William H. Kurtz. . . . .York. Jas. X. McLanahan.Chambersburg. John McNair Norristown. Henry D. Moore Philadelphia. John A. Morrison Cochrimsville. Andrew Parker. MilHintown. John Robbins, Jr. Kensington, Phil. Thomas Ross Doylestown. Thaddeus Stevens Lancaster. * Election unsuccessfully contested by II. B. Wright. 132 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. RHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. JohnH. Clarke Providence. | Charles T. James Providence. REPRESENTATIVES. George G. King Newport. | Benjamin B. Thurston Hopkinton. SOUTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. Andrew P. Butler Edgefield C. H. I R. Barnwell Rhett 2 . William F. DeSaussure J Columbia. .Charleston. "William Aiken Charleston. Armistead Btirt Willington. William F. Coloock. . . Grahamville. REPRESENTATIVES. John McQueen Bennettsville. James L. Orr Anderson C. H. Daniel Wallace Jonesville. Joseph A. Woodward .Winnsboro . 1 Appointed in place of R Barnwell Rhett, resigned; took his seat Dec. 20, 1852. * Resigned in 1852. John Bell. William M. Churchwell.Knoxville. William Cullom Carthage. Meredith P. Gentry Franklin. Isham G. Harris Paris. TENNESSEE. SENATORS. Nashville. | James C. Jones. . REPRESENTATIVES. Andrew Johnson Greeneville. George W. Jones Fayetteville. William H. Polk Columbia. John H. Savage Smithville. .Memphis. Frederick P. Stanton Memphis. Albert G. Watkins. Panther Springs. C. H. Williams Lexington. TEXAS. SENATORS. Samuel Houston Huntsville. I Thomas J. Rusk Nacogdoches. REPRESENTATIVES. Volney E. Howard San Antonio. | Richardson Scurry Clarksville. VERMONT. SENATORS. Solomon Foot Rutland. William TIpham 2 Montpelier. Samuel S. Phelps l Middlebury. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas Bartlett, jun Lyndon. James Meacham Middlebury. William Hebard Chelsea. Ahiinan L. Miner Manchester. 1 Appointed in place of William Upham, deceased ; took his seat Jan. 19, 1853. Died Jan. 14, 1853. Robert M. T. Hunter <. Thomas H. Averett Halifax. Thomas H. Bayly. . .Accoinac C. H. James M. H. Beale Pt. Pleasant. Tlios. S. Bocqck.Appomattox C. II. John S. Caskie Richmond. Sherrard Clemens l Wheeling. VIRGINIA. SENATORS. ..Lloyd s. | James M. Mason. REPRESENTATIVES. Henry A. Edmundson Salem. Charles J. Faulkner . .Martinsburg. Alexander R. Holladay . Mansfield. John Letcher Lexington. Richard K. Meade Petersburg. Fayette McMullen Rye Cove. .Winchester. John S. Millson Norfolk. Paulus Powell Amherst C. H. James F. Strother, Rappahannock C. H. George W. Thompson 2 . . . 1 Elected in place of George W. Thompson, resigned; took his seat Dec. 6, 1852. Resigned in 1852. Henry Dodge James Duane Doty. . . WISCONSIN. SENATORS. Dodgeville. | Isaac P. Walker Milwaukee. REPRESENTATIVES. . . . .Menasha. | Charles Durkee Kenosha. | Benjamin C. Eastman . .Platteville. THE THIRTY-THIRD CONGRESS. 133 MINNESOTA TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Henry H. Sibley ;< .Mendota. Richard F. "Weightman TERRITORY OF NEW MEXICO. DELEGATE. 1 Took his seat Dec. 1, 1851. .Santa F& Joseph Lane. John M Bernhisel 1 . OREGON TERRITORY. DELEGATE. UTAH TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Took his seat Dec. 1, 1851. .Oregon City. .Salt Lake City. THE 1HIRTY-TIIED CONGRESS. First Session, from Dec. 5, 1853, to Aug. 7, 1854. Second Session, from Dec. 4, 1854, to March 3, 1855. Vice-President. 1 Presidents of the Senate pro tempore. DAVID R. ATCHISON of Missouri; LEWIS CASS of Michigan, elected Dec. 4, 154, for one day ; JESSE D. BBIGHT of Indiana, elected Dec. 5, 1854. Secretary of the Senate. ASBURY DICKENS of North Carolina. Speaker of the House. LINN Bo YD of Kentucky. Clerk of the House. JOHN W. FOBNEY of Pennsylvania, i William R. King, Vice-President of the United States, died April 18, 1853. Clement C. Clay, jun,. ALABAMA. SENATORS. .Huntsville. | Benjamin Fitzpatrick l . .Wetumpka. James Abercrombie Girard. Williamson R. W. Cobb. Belief onte. James F. Dowdell .Chambers C. H. REPRESENTATIVES. Sampson "W". Harris Wetumpka. George S. Houston Athens. Philip Phillips Mobile. William R. Smith Fayette C. H. Elected in place of William R. King, resigned; took his seat Dec. 19, 1853. Robert W. Johnson *. ARKANSAS. SENATORS. Little Rock. | William K. Sebastian 2 Helena. REPRESENTATIVES . Alfred B. Greenwood Bentonville. | Edward A. Warren Camden. i Appointed in place of Solon Borland, appointed minister to Central America; took his seat Dec. 5, 1853; subsequently elected by the legislature. 2 Took his seat March 4, 1853. 184 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. CALIFORNIA. SENATORS. William M. Qwin X San Francisco. | John B. Weller San Francisco. REPRESENTATIVES. Milton S. Latham Sacramento City. | James A. McDougall San Francisco. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. Francis Oillett * Hartford. Truman Smith 1 Lftohfield. REPRESENTATIVES. Isaac Toncey Hartford. Nathan Bolchor Now London. Colin M. Ingorsoll New Haven. James T. Pratt Rooky Hill. Origen S. Seymour Litchfield. 1 Elected in place of Truman Smith, resigned ; took Ids seat May 25, 1854. Resigned April 11, 1854. DELAWARE. SENATORS. James A, Bayard Wilmington. | John M. Clayton l Chippewa. REPRESENTATIVE. George Read Riddle Wilmington. * Took his seat March 4, 1853. FLORIDA. SENATORS. Jacksonville. | Jackson Morton Pensacola. REPRESENTATIVE. Augustus E. Maxwell Tallahassee. Stephen R. Mallory. William C. Dawson. David J. Bailey Jackson. Elijah W. Oha stain Tacoah. Alfred H. Colquitt Newton. GEORGIA. SENATORS. .Greensborough. | Robert Toombs * REPRESENTATIVES. William B. W. Dent Newnan. Jiinius Hillyer Monroe. David A. Reese Monticello. Took his seat March 4, 1853. .Washington. James L. Seward Thomasville. A. H. Stephens Crawford ville. Stephen A. Douglas . ILLINOIS. SENATORS. .Chicago. | James Shields James C. Allen Palestine. Willis Alien Marina. I. Bissoll Belleville. REPRESENTATIVES. James Knox Knoxville. Jesse O. Norton Juliet. William A. Richardson . . . .Quincy. .Belleville. Ellihn B. Washburne Galena. John Went worth, Chicago. Richard Yates Jacksonville. Jesse D. Bright ! Ebeno/orM. Chamberlain .Goshon. John G. Davis Rookvillo. Cyrus L. Dunham Valley Farm. Norman Eddy South Bend. INDIANA. SENATORS. Madison. | John Pettit REPRESENTATIVES. William II. English Lexington. Andrew J. Harlan Marion. Thomas A. Hondricks.. Shelby villo. James H. Lane Lawrence burgh. 1 Elected president pro tern. Doc. 5, 1854. .Lafayette. Daniel Mace Lafayette. Smith Miller Patoka. Samuel W. Parker. ...Coimersvillo. THE THIRTY-THIRD CONGRESS. 135 IOWA. SENATORS. Augustus C. Dodge Burlington. | George W. Jones Dubuque. REPRESENT ATI VES . John P. Cook Davenport. | Bernbart Henn Fairfield. Archibald Dixon , KENTUCKY. SENATORS. .Henderson. | John B. Thompson 1 . REPRESENTATIVES. .Harrodsburg. Linn Boyd 2 Paducah. John C. Breddnridge.. .Lexington. Francis M. Bristow^. Elkton. James S. Chrisman Monticello. Leander M. Cox Flemingshurg. John M. Elliott Prcstonlmrg. Presley E wi ng 4 Russell ville. Ben Edwards Grey . . Hopkins villo. Clement S. Hill Lebanon. William Preston Louisville. liichard S. titauton Maysville. 1 Took his seat March 4, 1853. Elected speaker Dec. 5, 1853. 8 Elected in place of Presley Ewlng, deceased : took his scat Dec. 4, 1854. * Died ill 1854. LOUISIANA. SENATORS. Judah P. Benjamin 1 New Orleans. | John Slidell 2 New Orleans. BEPRESENTATIVES. William Dunbar Now Orleans. Theodore G. Hunt New Orleans. Roland Jones Shreveport. John Perkins, jun Ashwood. 1 Took his seat March 4, 1853. * Elected In place of Pierre Soul<5, resigned 1853; took Ilia seat Dec. 5, 1853. William Pitt Fessenden 1 . .Hampden. MAINE. SENATORS. Portland. | Hannibal Hamlin REPRESENTATIVES. Samuel P. Benson Winthrop. I Thomas J. D. Fuller Calais. I Moses McDonald Portland. E. Wilder Farley New Castle. | Samuel Mayhall Gray. | Israel Washburii, jun Orono. 1 Took his scat Fob. 23, 1854. MARYLAND. SENATORS. James A Pearco Chestertown. | Thomas G. Pratt Annapolis. REPRESENTATIVES. John R. Franklin Snow Hill. I Henry May Baltimore. William T. Hamilton .Hagerstown. | Jacob Shower Manchester. A. R. Sollers. Prince Frederiektown. Joshua Vansaut Baltimore. MASSACHUSETTS. Edward Everett * Boston. J ulius Rockwell 2 , Pittslield. SENATORS. Charles Ruinner Boston. Henry Wilson 8 Natick, William Appleton Boston. Nathaniel 1 . Banks, jun. .Waltham. Samuel L. Crocker Taunton. Alexander DeWitt Oxford. REPRESENTATIVES. Edward Dickinson Amherst. J. Wiley E< Inlands. Newton Corner. Thomas D. Eliot 4 . . . .New Bedford. John Z. Goodrich Gleuilale. Zeno Scudder 6 Barnstable. Charles W. Upharn Salem. Samuel H. Walley Roxbury. Tappan Wentworth Lowell. Elected in * Elected Lewis Cass l . MICHIGAN. SENATORS. ..Detroit. | Charles E. Stuart 2 . REPRESENTATIVES. .Kalamazoo. Samuel Clark Detroit. David A. Noble Monroe. Hestor L. Stevens "P ntif V? David Stuart. Detroit. Elected president pro tern. Dec. 4, 1854, for one day. Took his seat March 4, 181 136 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. MISSISSIPPI. SENATORS. Stephen Adams .Aberdeen. | Albert G. Brown 1 Newtown. REPRESENTATIVES. William Barksdale Columbus. I Wiley P. Harris Monticello. I Daniel B. Wright Salem. William S. Barry Greenwood. | Otho R. Singleton Canton. | i Took his seat Jan. 26, 1854. David R. Atchison 1 MISSOURI. SENATORS. .Platte City. | Henry S. Geyer. Thomas H. Benton St. Louis. Samuel Caruthers. .Fredericktown. Alfred W. Lamb Hannibal. REPRESENTATIVES. James J. Lindley Monticello. John G. Miller Boonville. Mordecai Oliver Richmond. 1 President pro tern. John S. Phelps . ...St. Louis. .Springfield. NEW HAMPSHIRE. SENATORS. Charles G. Atherton * Nashua. Moses Norris 2 Manchester. JohnS. Wells 3 Jared W. Williams 4 Lancaster. REPRESENTATIVES. Harry Hibbard ............... Bath. | George W. Kittredge .New Market. | George W. Morrison . . .Manchester. 1 Took his seat March 4, 1853; died Nov. 15, 1853. 2 Died Jan. 11, 1855. s Appointed in place of Moses Norris, deceased; took his seat Jan. 22, 1855. * Appointed in place of Charles G. Atherton, deceased; took his seat Dec. 12, 1853. NEW JERSEY. SENATORS. John R. Thomson ........................... Princeton. | William Wright x REPRESENTATIVES . Samuel Lilly ......... Lambertville. I Charles Skelton ........... Trenton. Alex. C. M. Pennington. . .Newark. | Nathan T. Stratton . . .Mullica Hill. 1 Took his seat March 4, 1853. Newark. George Vail ... ........ Morristown. Hamilton Fish , NEW YORK. SENATORS. .New York. | William H. Seward. .Auburn. Henry Bennett New Berlin. Davis Carpenter 1 Brockport. George W. Chase Schenevus. Thomas W. Gumming Brooklyn. Francis B. Cutting New York. Gilbert Dean 2 Poughkeepsie. Reuben E. Feuton Frewsburg. Thomas T. Flagler Lockport. Henry C. Goodwin 8 Hamilton. George Hastings Mt. Morris. Solomon G. Haven Buffalo. Charles Hughes Sandy Hill. REPRESENTATIVES. Daniel T. Jones Baldwinsville. Caleb Lyon Lyonsdale. Orsamus B. Matteson Utica. James Maurice Maspeth. Edwin B. Morgan Aurora. William Murray Gosh en. Andrew Oliver Penn Yan. .Tared V. Peck Port Chester. Rufus W. Peckham Albany. Bishop Perkins Ogdensburg. Benjamin Pringle Batavia. Peter Rowe Schenectady. Russell Sage Troy. George A. Simmons Keeseville. Gen-it Smith 4 Peterborough. John J. Taylor Owego. Isaac Teller 5 Mattawan. William M. Tweed New York. Hiraiu Walbridge New York. William A. AV alker New York. Mike Walsh New York. Theodoric R. Westbrook .Kingston. John Wheeler New York. 1 In place of A. Boody, resigned October. 1853. his seat Dec. 4, 1854. 4 Resigned in 1854. 2 Resigned July 3, 1854. 8 Elected in place of Gerrit Smith, resigned ; took B Elected in place of Gilbert Dean, resigned ; took his seat Dec. 4, 1854. George E. Badger. NORTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. . . .Raleigh. | David S. Reid * .Wentworth. William S. Ashe Wilmington. Thomas L. Clingman Asheville. Burton Craige Salisbury. REPRESENTATIVES. John Kerr Yanceyville. Richard C. Puryear .... Huntsville. Sioii H. Rogers Raleigh. i Took his seat Dec. 11, 1854. Thomas Ruffin . Henry M. Shaw. .Goldsborough. ..Indian Town. THE THIRTY-THIRD CONGRESS. 137 Salmon P. Chase. Edward Ball Zanesville. George Bliss Akron. Lewis D. Campbell Hamilton. Moses B. Corwin Urbana. David T. Disney Cincinnati. Alfred P. Edgerton Hicksville. Andrew Ellison Georgetown. James Cooper. OHIO. SENATORS. Cincinnati. I Benjamin Wade. REPRESENTATIVES. Joshua R. Giddings Jefferson. Frederic W. Green Tiffin. Aaron Harlan Yellow Springs. John Scott Harrison Cleves. Harvey H. Johnson Ashland. William D. Lindsley Sandusky. Matthias H. Nichols Lima. PENNSYLVANIA. SENATORS. Pottsville. I Richard Brodhead. .Jefferson. Edson B. Olds Circleville. Thomas Ristchey Somerset. William R. Sapp Mt. Vernon. Wilson Shannon St. Clairsville. Andrew Stuart Steubenville. John L. Taylor Chillicothe. Edward Wade Cleveland. .Easton. Samuel A. Bridges Allentown. Joseph R. Chandler.. .Philadelphia. Carltoii B. Curtis Warren. John L. Dawson Brownsville. John Dick Meadyille. Augustus Drum Indiana. William Everhart Westchester. Thomas B. Florence. .Philadelphia. James Gamble Jersey Shore. 1 Elected in place of Henry A. REPRESENTATIVES. Galusha A. Grow Glenwood. Isaac E. Hiester Lancaster. Thomas M. Howe. .Alleghany City. J. Glancy Jones l Reading. William H. Kurtz York. John McCulloch Shaver s Creek. Ner Middleswarth Beavertown. John McNair Norristown. Henry A. Muhlenberg a Berks. Muhlenberg, deceased ; took his seat Feb. Asa Packer Mauch Chunk. David Ritchie Pittsburg. John Robbins, jun Kensington. Samuel L. Russell Bedford. Christian M. Straub Pottsville. Michael C. Trout Sharon. William H. Witte Richmond. Hendrick B. Wright . .Wilkesbarre. 13, 1854. * Died Jan. 9, 1854. KHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. Philip Allen Providence. | Charles T. James Providence. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas Davis Providence. | Benjamin B. Thurston Hopkinton. SOUTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. Andrew P. Butler Edgefield C. H. | Josiah J. Evans 1 Society Hill. REPRESENTATIVES. William Aikin Charleston. Preston S. Brooks Ninety-Six. I John McQueen. .Marlborough C. H. William W. Boyce. . Winnsborough. L. M. Keitt Orangeburgh C. H. | James L. Orr Anderson. i Took Ms seat March 4, 1853. John Bell. Robert M. Bugg Lynnville. William M. CliurchwelL.Knoxville. William Cullom Carthage. Emerson Etheridge Dresden. TENNESSEE. SENATORS. Nashville. | James C. Jones. . REPRESENTATIVES. George W. Jones Fayetteville. Charles Ready . . .Murfreesborough. Samuel A. Smith Charleston. Frederick P. Staoton Memphis. .Memphis. Nath l G. Taylor i . . .Happy Valley. Felix K. Zollicoffer Nashville. Elected in place of Brookins Campbell, deceased Dec. 25, 1853, having never taken his seat ; took his seat March 30, 1854. TEXAS. SENATORS. Samuel Houston ........................... Huntsville. | Thomas J. Rusk REPRESENTATIVES . Peter H. BeU .................................. Austin. | George W. Smyth VERMONT. Nacogdoches. Jasper. SENATORS. Lawrence Brainerdi St. Alban s. Samuel S. Phelps 2. Solomon Foot Rutland. i Elected in place of William Upham, deceased, Samuel S. Phelps having been appoi" te( ^ & * Appointed in place of William Upham, deceased; took his seat Jan , Middlebury. took his seat Dec. 4, 1854. 138 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. REPRESENTATIVES. James Meacham Middlebury. I Andrew Tracy "Woodstock. Alvali Sabin Georgia. | VIRGINIA.. SENATORS. Robert M. T. Hunter Lloyd s. | James M. Mason "Winchester. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas H. Bayly.. .Accomac C. H. Thos. S. Bocock. Appomattox C. H. John S. Caskie Richmond. Henry A. Edmundson Salem. Charles J. Faulkner . .Martinsburg. "William O. Goode Boydton. Zedekiah Kid well Fairmont. John Letcher Lexington. Charles S. Lewis 1 Clarksburgh. Fayette McMullen Rye Cove. John S. Millson Norfolk. Paulus Powell Amherst. William Smith Warreuton. John F. Snodgrass 2 . . .Parkersburg. 1 Elected in place of John F. Snodgrass, deceased j took bis seat Dec. 4, 1854. a Died June 5, 1854. WISCONSIN. SENATORS. Henry Dodge Dodgeville. | Isaac P. Walker Milwaukee. REPRESENTATIVES. Benjamin C. Eastman. . .Platteville. | John B. Macy Fond du Lac. | Daniel Wells, jun. Milwaukee. KANSAS TERRITORY. DELEGATE. J. W. Whitfield 1 Tecumseh. i Took his seat Dec. 20, 1854. MINNESOTA TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Henry M. Rice St. Paul. TERRITORY OF NEW MEXICO. DELEGATE. Jose" Manuel Gallegos * Albuquerque. i Took his seat Dec. 5, 1853. OREGON TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Joseph Lane Winchester. UTAH TERRITORY. DELEGATE. John M. Bernhisel Salt Lake City. WASHINGTON TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Columbia Lancaster 1 St. Helena. Took Ms seat April 12, 1854. THE THIBTY-FOUBTH CONGRESS. 139 THE THIETY-FOUKTH CONGEESS. First Session, from Dec. 3, 1855, to Aug. 18, 1856. Second Session, from Aug. 21, 1856, to Aug. 30, 1856. Third Session, from Dec. 1, 1856, to March 3, 1857. Vice-President 1 Presidents of the Senate pro tempore. JESSE D. BRIGHT of Indiana, again elected June 11, 1856; CHARLES E. STUART of Michigan, elected June 9, 1856; JAMES M. MASON of Virginia, elected Jan. 6, 1857. Secretary of the Senate. ASBURY DICKENS of North Carolina. Speaker of the House. NATHANIEL P. BANKS of Massachusetts. Clerks of the House. JOHN W. FORNEY of Pennsylvania; WILLIAM CULLOM of Tennessee, elected Feb. 4, 1856. i William R. King, Vice-President of the United States, died April 18, 1853. ALABAMA. SENATORS. Clement C. Clay, jun Huntsville. | Benjamin Fitzpatrick Wetumpka. REPRESENTATIVES. Williamson R. W. Cobb. Belief onte. James F. Dowdell . Chambers C. H. Sampson W. Harris Wetumpka. George S. Houston Athens. Eli S. Shorter Eufaula. William R. Smith Fayette C. H. Percy Walker Mobile. ARKANSAS. SENATORS. Robert W. Johnson Pine Bluffs. | William K. Sebastian Helena. REPRESENTATIVES. Alfred B. Greenwood Bentonville. | Albert Rust El Dorado. CALIFORNIA. SENATORS. William W. Gwin 1 San Francisco. | John B. Weller San Francisco. REPRESENTATIVES. James W. Denver Weaverville. | Philemon T. Herbert Mariposa City. i Took his seat Feb. 16, 1857. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. Lafayette S. Foster Norwich. | Isaac Toucey Hartford. REPRESENTATIVES. Ezra Clark, jun. . . , . .Hartford. I William W. Welch .Norfolk. Sidney Dean Putnam. | John Woodruff New Haven. DELAWARE. SENATORS. James A. Bayard Wilmington. I Joseph P. Comegys 2 Dover. John M. Clayton * Chippewa. | REPRESENTATIVE. ElishaD. Cullen... Georgetown. 1 Died Nov. 9, 1856. 2 Appointed in place of John M. Clayton, deceased; took his seat Dec. 4, 1856. 140 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. FLOEIDA. SENATORS. Stephen R. Mallory Key West. | David L. Yulee Homasassa. REPRESENTATIVE. Augustus E. Maxwell Tallahassee. Alfred Iverson Howell Cobb . Athens. Martin J. Crawford Columbus. Nathaniel G. Foster Madison. GEORGIA. SENATORS. Columbus. | Robert Toombs . REPRESENTATIVES. John H. Lumpkin Rome. James L. Seward Thomasville. Alex. H. Stephens . . Crawf ordville. ."Washington. Robert P. Trippe Forsyth. Hiram Warner Greenville. Stephen A. Douglas , ILLINOIS. SENATORS. ..Chicago. | Lyman Trumbull l . REPRESENTATIVES. .Alton. James C. Allen 2 Palestine. Jacob C. Davis 3 Warsaw. Thomas L. Harris Petersburg. James Knox Knoxville. Lyman Trumbull 1 Alton. Ellihu B. Washburne Galena. James H. Woodworth Chicago. S. S. Marshall 4 . . .McLeansborough. James L. D. Morrison 5 .. Belleville. Jesse O. Norton Jpliet. William A. Richardson 6 . . . Quincy. 1 Elected senator, and took his seat Dec. 3, 1855. 2 Election contested by William B. Archer, and seat declared vacant ; subsequently elected at new election, and took hia seat Dec. 1, 1856. 8 Elected in place of William A. Richardson, resigned ; took his seat Dec. 4, 1856. * Election unsuccessfully contested hy G. Jay S. Turney. elected senator ; took his seat Dec. 1, 1856. Resigned Aug. 25, 1856. 8 Elected in place of Lyman Trumbull, Jesse D. Bright ] Lucian Barbonr Indianapolis. Samuel Brenton Fort Wayne. Sclmyler Coif ax South Bend. William Cumback Greensburg. INDIANA. SENATORS. , Madison. | Graham N. Fitch 2 . REPRESENTATIVES. George G. Dunn Bedford. William H. English Lexington. David P. Holloway Richmond. Daniel Mace Lafayette. .Logansport. Smith Miller Patoka. John U. Pettit Wabash. Harvey D. Scott Terre Haute. 1 President pro tern. 2 Took his seat Feb. 9, 1857. IOWA. SENATORS. James Harlan Mt. Pleasant. | George W. Jones ,,, Dubuque. REPRESENTATIVES. Augustus Hall 1 Kessauqua. | James Thorington Davenport. 1 Election unsuccessfully contested by R. G. B. Clarke. John J. Crittenden. Henry C. Burnett Cadiz. John P. Campbell Belleview. Leander M. Cox Flemingsburg. John M. Elliott Presto nburg. KENTUCKY. SENATORS. .Frankfort. | John B. Thompson. REPRESENTATIVES. .Harrodsburg. Joshua H. Jewett . .Elizabethtown. Alex. K. Marshall Nicholasville. Humphrey Marshall Springport. Samuel F. Swope Falmouth. Albert G. Talbott Danville. Warner L. Underwood, Bowling Green. LOUISIANA. SENATORS. Judah P. Benjamin New Orleans. | John Slidell New Orleans. REPRESENTATIVES. John M. Sandidge Pineville. Miles Taylor Donaldsonville. 1 Election unsuccessfully contested by Albert Fabre. Thomas G. Davidson Livingston. George Eustis, jun. 1 New Orleans. THE THIRTY-FOURTH CONGRESS. 141 MAINE. SENATORS. "William Pitt Fessenden Portland. I Amos Nourse 2 Bath. Hannibal Hamlin * Hampden. | REPRESENTATIVES. Samuel P. Benson. Winthrop. I Ebenezer Kuowlton. . .S. Montville. I Israel "Washburn, jun. . . . Orono Thomas J. D. Fuller 3 Calais. | John J. Perry Oxford. | John M. Wood Portland. * Resigned Jan. 7, 1857, having been elected governor. 2 Appointed in place of Hannibal Hamlin. resigned: took his seat Jan. 24, 1857. 8 Election unsuccessfully contested by James A. MlUiken. MARYLAND. SENATORS. James A. Pearce Chestertown. | Thomas G. Pratt Annapolis. REPRESENTATIVES . Thos. F. Bowie.UpperMarlborough. I J. Morrison Harris Baltimore. I James B. Ricaud Chestertown. H. Winter Davis Baltimore. | Henry W. Hoffman. . .Cumberland. | James A. Stewart Cambridge. Charles Sumner , Nathaniel P. Banks, jun. 1 . Waltham. James Buffinton Fall River. Auson Burlingame Cambridge. Calvin C. Chaffee Springfield. MASSACHUSETTS. SENATORS. Boston. | Henry Wilson . . REPRESENTATIVES. Linus B. Comins Roxbury. William S. Danirell Dedham. Timothy Davis Gloucester. Alexander DeWitt Oxford. 1 Elected speaker Feb. 2, 1856. .Natick. Robert B. Hall Plymouth. Chauncey L. Knapp Lowell. Mark Trafton Westfield. Lewis Cass. MICHIGAN. SENATORS. , . .Detroit. | Charles E. Stuart 1 Kalamazoo. REPRESENTATIVES. William A. Howard Detroit. George W. Peck Lansing. David S. Walbridge Kalamazoo. Henry Waldron Hillsdale. 1 Elected president pro tern. June 9, 1856. MISSISSIPPI. SENATORS. Stephen Adams Aberdeen. | Albert G. Brown Newton. REPRESENTATIVES. William Barksdale Columbus. I William A. Lake Vicksburg. I Daniel B. Wright Salem. Heudley S. Bennett Grenada. | John A. Quitman Natchez. | MISSOURI. SENATORS. Henry S. Geyer St. Louis. | James Stephens Greeni Canton. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas P. Akers 2 Lexington. Samuel Caruthers.Cape Girardeau. Luther M. Kennett St. Louis. James J. Lindley Monticello. John G. Miller 3" Boonville. Mordecai Oliver Richmond. John S. Phelps Springfield. Gilchrist Porter Hannibal. 1 Took his seat Jan. 21, 1857. 2 Elected hi place of John G. Miller, deceased ; took his seat Aug. 18, 1856. Died May 11, 1856. NEW HAMPSHIRE. SENATORS. , James Bell Laconia. | John P. Hale Dover. REPRESENTATIVES . Aaron H. Cragin Lebanon. | James Pike. . . .South New Market. | Mason W. Tappan Bradford. 142 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. John R. Thomson , NEW JEKSEY. SENATORS. ..Trenton. | William "Wright. REPRESENTATIVES. James Bishop New Brunswick. Alex. G. M. Pennington. . .Newark. I George Vail Isaiah D. Clawson Woodstown. Geo. R. Robbins .Hamilton Square. | Newark. .Morristown. Hamilton Fish . NEW YORK. SENATORS. .New York. | William H. Seward. .Auburn. Henry Bennett New Berlin. Thomas Clrilds, jnn. 1 New York. Bayard Clark New York. Samuel Dickson New Scotland. Edward Dodd Argyle. Francis S. Edwards 2 Fredoiiia. Thomas T. Flakier Lockport. William A. Gilbert 3 Adams. Amos P. Grander Syracuse. Solomon G. Haven Buffalo. Thomas R. Uorton Fultonville. REPRESENTATIVES. Jonas A. Hughston Delhi. John Kelly New York. William II. Kelsey Geneseo. Rufus H. King Catskill. Orsamus B. Matteson 4 Utica. Andrew Z. McCarty Pulaski. Killian Miller Hudson. Edwin B. Morgan Aurora. Ambrose S. Murray Goshen. Andrew Oliver Penn Yan. John M. Parker Owego. 1 Never took his seat, owing to prolonged illness. 2 Resigned Feb. 28. 1857. Feb. 27, 1857. Guy R. Pelton New York. Benjamin Pringle Batavia. Russell Sage Troy. George A. Simmons Keeseville. Francis E. Spinner Mohawk. James S. T. Stranahan. . . Brooklyn. William W. Valk Flushing. Abrain Wakeman New York. John Wheeler New York. Thomas R. Whitney. . . .New York. John Williams Rochester. s Resigned Feb. 27, 1857. * Resigned Asa Biggs. Lawrence O B. Branch Raleigh. Thomas L. Clingman. . . . Asheville. Burton Craige Salisbury. NORTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. . . . .Williamston. | David S. Reid . . . REPRESENTATIVES . Robert T. Paine Edenton. Richard C. Puryear Huntsville. Edwin G. Reade Roxborough. .Pleasantville. Thomas Ruffin Goldsborough. Warren Winslow Fayetteville. George E. Pugh. OHIO. SENATORS. . Cincinnati. | Benjamin F. Wade. .Jefferson. Charles J. Albright Cambridge. Edward Ball Zanesville. John A. Bingham Cadiz. Philemon Bliss Elyria. Lewis D. Campbell Hamilton. Timothy C. Day Cincinnati. Jonas R. Emrie Hillsborough. REPRESENTATIVES. Samuel Galloway Columbus. Joshua R. Giddings Jefferson. Aaron Harlan Yellow Springs. John Scott Harrison Cleves. Valentine B. Horton Pomeroy. Benjamin F. Leiter Canton. Oscar F. Moore Portsmouth. Richard Mott Toledo. Matthias II. Nichols Lima. William R. Sapp Mt. Vernon. John Sherman Mansfield. Benjamin Stanton . . . Belief ontaine. Edward Wade Cleveland. Cooper K. Watson Tiffin. William Bigler John Allison New Brighton. David Barclay Punxatawney. Samuel C. Bradshaw. . Quakertown. Jacob Brocm Philadelphia. John Cadwalader Philadelphia. James II. Campbell Pottsville. John Covode Lockport Station. John Dick Meadville. John R. Edie Somerset. PENNSYLVANIA. SENATORS. ....Philadelphia. | Richard Brodhead. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas B. Florence. .Philadelphia. Henry M. Fuller AYilkesbarre. Galusha A. Grow Glenwood. John Hickman Yv est Chester. J. Clancy Jones Reading. Jonathan Knight. .East Bethlehem. John C. Kunkcl Harrisburg. William Millward Philadelphia. Asa Packer Mauch Chunk. .Easton. John J. Pearce Williamsport. Samuel A. Purviance Butler. David Ritchie Pittslmrg. Anthony E. Roberts Lancaster. David F. Robison. . .Chainbersburg. Lemuel Todd Carlisle. Job R. Tyson Philadelphia. RHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. Philip Allen Providence. | Charles T. James Providence. REPRESENTATIVES. Nathaniel B. Durfee Tivertou. | Benjamin B. Thurston Hopkintou. THE THIRTY-FOURTH CONGRESS. 143 SOUTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. Edgefield C. H. | Josiah J. Evans REPRESENTATIVES. William Aiken .......... Charleston. I Preston S. Brooks 1 ..... Ninety-Six. I John McQueen. Marlborough C. H. William W. Boyce . Winnsborough. | L. M. Keitt 2 ---- Orangeburgh C. H. | James L. Orr ............ Anderson. Andrew P. Butler Society Hill. Resigned July 14, 1856; subsequently re-elected, and took his seat Aug. 1, 1856; died Jan. 27, 1857. 1856 ; subsequently re-elected, and took his seat Aug. 6, 1856. Resigned July 16, John Bell. Emerson Etheridge Dresden. George W. Jones Fayetteville. Charles Ready. . . Murf reesborough. Thomas Rivers Somerville. TENNESSEE. SENATORS. Nashville. | James C. Jones . REPRESENTATIVES. John H. Savage Smithville. Samuel A. Smith Charleston. William H. Sneed Knoxyille. A. G. Wat kins. . . .Panther Springs. .Memphis. John V. Wright Felix K. Zollicoffer . ....Purdy. .Nashville. TEXAS. SENATORS. Samuel Houston Huntsville. | Thomas J. Rusk Nacogdoches. REPRESENTATIVES. P. H. Bell Austin. | Lemuel D. Evans Marshall. VEEMONT. SENATORS. Jacob Collamer Woodstock. | Solomon Foot Rutland. REPRESENTATIVES. George T. Hodges * Rutland. James Meachain 2 Middlebury. Justin S. Morrill Strafford. Alvah Sabin Georgia. 1 Elected in place of James Meacham, deceased; took his seat Dec. 1, 1856. * Died Aug. 22, 1856. Robert M. T. Hunter. Thomas H. Bayly 2 . . Accomac C. H. Thos. S. Bocock. . Appomattox C. H. John K. Carlile Clarksburg. John S. Caskie Richmond. Henry A. Edmundson Salem. 1 Elected president pro tern. Jan. 6, 1857. VIRGINIA. SENATORS. Lloyd s. | James M. Mason l . REPRESENTATIVES. Charles J. Faulkner . .Martinsburg. Muscoe R. H. Garnett 3 Lloyd s. William O. Goode Boydton. .Winchester. Fayette McMullin Rye Cove. John S. Millson Norfolk. Paulus Powell Amlierst C. H. William Smith Warrenton. Zedekiah Kidwell Fail-mount. John Letcher Lexington. 2 Died June 23, 1856. 3 Elected in place of Thomas H. Bayly, deceased; took his seat Dec. 1, 1856. WISCONSIN. SENATORS. Henry Dodge Dodgeville. | Charles Durkee Kenosha. REPRESENTATIVES. Charles BiUinghurst Juneau. | C. C. Washburue. . . .Mineral Point. | Daniel Wells, jun Milwaukee. John W. Whitfield 1 Henry M. Rice. KANSAS TERRITORY. DELEGATE. .Tecumseh. Election unsuccessfully contested by Andrew II. Reeder. MINNESOTA TERRITORY. DELEGATE. .St. PauL 144 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. NEBRASKA TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Bird B. Chapman l Omaha City. 1 Election unsuccessfully contested by Iliram P. Bennett. TERRITORY OF NEW MEXICO. DELEGATES. Jose* Manuel Gallegos 1 Albuquerque. | Miguel A. Otero 2 Albuquerque. i Election successfully contested by Miguel A. Otero. * Successfully contested the election of Jos6 Manuel Gallegos : took his seat July 23, 1856. OREGON TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Joseph Lane Winchester. UTAH TERRITORY. DELEGATE. John M. Bernhisel Salt Lake City. WASHINGTON TERRITORY. DELEGATE. J. Patton Anderson Olympia. THE THIRTY-FIFTH CONGRESS. First Session, from Dec. 7, 1857, to June 14, 1858. Second Session, from Dec. 6, 1858, to March 3, 1859. Vice-President. JOHN C. BRECKINRIDGE of Kentucky. Presidents of the Senate pro tempore. JAMBS M. MASON of Virginia, elected March 4, 1857, in special session; THOMAS J. RUSK of Texas, elected March 14, 1857, in special session; BENJAMIN FITZPATRICK of Alabama, elected Dec. 7, 1857, again elected March 2!), 1858, again elected June 14, 1858, and again elected Jan. 25, 1859. Secretary of the Senate. ASBUBY DICKENS of North Carolina. Speaker of the House. JAMES L. OKR of South Carolina. Clerk of the House. JAMES C. ALLEN of Illinois. ALABAMA. SENATORS. Clement C. Clay, jun Huntsville. | Benjamin Fitzpatrick * Wetumpka. REPRESENTATIVES. Williamson R. W. Cobb. Belief onto. Jabez L. M. Curry Talladega. James F. Dowdell .Chambers C. H. Georgo S. Houston Athens. Sydenham Moore . .Greensborpugh. Eli S. Shorter Eufaula. 1 Elected president pro tern. Dec. 7, 1857. James A. Stall worth Evergreen. ARKANSAS. SENATORS. ^ Robert W. Johnson Pine Bluffs. | William K. Sebastian Helena. REPRESENTATIVES. Alfred B. Greenwood Bentonvillo. | Edward A. Warren Camden. THE THIRTY-FIFTH CONGRESS. 145 CALIFORNIA. SENATORS. / David C. Broderick 1 San Francisco. | William M. Gwin San Francisco. REPRESENTATIVES. Joseph C. McKibbin Downieville. | Charles L. Scott Sonora. 1 Took his seat March 4, 1857. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. James Dixon * Hartford. | Lafayette S. Foster Norwich. REPRESENTATIVES. Samuel Arnold Haddam. Ezra Clark, jun. Hartford. William D. Bishop Bridgeport. Sidney Dean Putnam. 1 Took his seat March 4, 1857. DELAWARE. SENATORS. MartinW. Bates 1 Dover. | James A. Bayard Wilmington. REPRESENTATIVE. William G. Whiteley Newcastle. 1 Elected in place of John M. Clayton, deceased, Joseph P. Comegys having been appointed pro tern. ; took his seat Dec. 6, 1858. FLORIDA. SENATORS. Stephen R. Mallory Key West. | David L. Yulee Homasassa REPRESENTATIVE. George S. Hawkins Pensacola. GEORGIA. SENATORS. Alfred Iverson Columbus. | Robert Toombs Washington. REPRESENTATIVES. Martin J. Crawford Columbus. Lucius J. Gartrell Atlanta. Joshua Hill Madison. James Jackson Athens. James L. Sewarcl Thomasville. Alex. H. Stephens ..Crawfordville. Robert P. Trippe Forsyth. Augustus R. Wright Rome. ILLINOIS. SENATORS. Stephen A. Douglas Chicago. | Lyman Trumbull Alton. REPRESENTATIVES. Robert Smith Alton. Ellihu B. Washburne Galena. John F. Farnsworth Chicago. Thomas L. Harris 1 Petersburg. Charles D. Hodges 2 Carrolltou. William Kellogg Canton. Owen Lovejoy Princeton. Sam l S. MarshalLMcLeansborough. Isaac N. Morris Quincy. Aaron Shaw Lawrenceville. 1 Died Nov. 24, 1858. * Elected in place of Thomas L. Harris, deceased; took his seat January, 1859. INDIANA. SENATORS. Jesse D. Bright 1 Jeffersonville. | Graham N. Fitch 1 Logansport. REPRESENTATIVES. Charles Case Fort Wayne. Schuyler Coif ax South Bend. John G. Davis Rockville. William H. English Lexington. James B. Foley Greensburgh. James M. Gregg Dauville. James Hughes ". Blooiniugton. David Kilgore Yorktown. 1 Election unsuccessfully contested. William E. Niblack Vincennes. John U. Pettit Wabash. James Wilson Crawf ordsville. 146 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. IOWA. SENATORS. James Harlan Mt. Pleasant. | George W. Jones Dubuque. REPRESENTATIVES. Samuel R. Curtis Keokuk. | Timothy Davis Dubuque. KENTUCKY. SENATORS. John J. Crittenden Frankfort. | John B. Thompson Harrodsburg. REPRESENTATIVES. Henry C. Burnett Cadiz. James B. Clay Lexington. John M. Elliott Prestonburg. Joshua H. Jewett . . Elizabethtown. Humphrey Marshall. . . .Springport. John C. Mason Owingsville. Samuel O. Peyton Hartford. John "W. Stevenson Covington. Albert G. Talbott Danville. Warner L. Underwood, Bowling Green. LOUISIANA. SENATORS. Judah P. Benjamin New Orleans. | John Slidell , New Orleans. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas G. Davidson East Feliciana. I John M. Sandidge Pineville. George Eustis, jun New Orleans. | Miles Taylor Donaldsonville. MAINE. SENATORS. William Pitt Fessenden Portland. | Hannibal Hamlin Hampden. REPRESENTATIVES. Nehemiah Abbott Belfast. I Charles J. Gilman Brunswick. I Israel Washburn, jun Orono. Stephen C. Foster Pembroke. | Freeman H. Morse Bath. | John M. Wood Portland. MARYLAND. SENATORS. Anthony Kennedy * Baltimore. | James A. Pearce Chestertown. REPRESENTATIVES. Thos. F. Bowie.Unper Maryborough. J. Morrison Harris 3 Baltimore. I James B. Ricaud Chestertown. H. Winter Davis 2 Baltimore. Jacob M. Kunkel Frederick. | James A. Stewart Cambridge. 1 Took his seat March 4, 1857. a Election unsuccessfully contested by Henry P. Brooks. 8 Election unsuccessfully con tested by William Pinckney Whyte. MASSACHUSETTS. SENATORS. Charles Sumner 1 Boston. | Henry Wilson Natick. REPRESENTATIVES. NathanielP. Banks, jun. 2 . Waltham. James Buffinton Fall River. Anson Burlingame Cambridge. Calviu C. Chaifee Springfield. Linus B. Comins Boston. William S. Damrell Dedham. Timothy Davis Gloucester. Heury L. Dawes North Adams. Daniel W. Gooch 8 Melrose. Robert B. Hall Plymouth. Chauncey L. Knapp Lowell. Eli Thayer Worcester. 1 Did not take his seat during the session. 2 Resigned Dec. 24, 1857. 8 Elected in place of Nathaniel P. Banks, jun., resigned ; took his seat Jan. 21, 1858. MICHIGAN. SENATORS. Zachariah Chandler J Detroit. | Charles E. Stuart Kalamazoo. REPRESENTATIVES . William A. Howard Detroit. DeWitt G. Leach Lansiug. David S. Walbridge Kalamazoo. Henry Waldron Hillsdale. 1 Took his seat March 4, 1857. MINNESOTA. SENATORS. Henry M. Rice 1 St. Paul. | James Shields 1 REPRESENTATIVES . James M. Cavanaughs Chatfteld. | William W. Phelps 2 Red Wing. i Took his seat May 12, 1858. 2 Took his seat May 22, 1858. THE THIRTY-FIFTH CONGRESS. 147 MISSISSIPPI. SENATORS. Albert G. Brown Newton. | Jefferson Davis 1 Hurricane. REPRESENTATIVES. "William Barksdale Columbus. Beuben Davis Aberdeen. Lucius Q. C. Lamar Abbeville. John J. McRae 2 State Line. 1 Took his seat March 4, 1857. John A. Quitman 8 Natchez. Otho R. Singleton Canton. * Elected in place of John A. Quitman, deceased: took his seat Dec. 7. 1858. 1858. Died July 17, James S. Green Thomas L. Anderson Palmyra. Francis P. Blair, juu. St. Louis. Samuel Carutkers . Cape Girardeau. MISSOURI. SENATORS. Canton. | Trusten Polk 1. . . REPRESENTATIVES. John B. Clark Fayette. James Craig St. Joseph. John S. Phelps Springfield. 1 Took his seat March 4, 1857. .St. Louis. Samuel H. Woodson . Independence. NEW HAMPSHIRE. SENATORS. Daniel Clark l Manchester. | John P. Hale Dover. REPRESENTATIVES. Aaron H. Cragin Lebanon. | James Pike .... Sanbornton Bridge. | Mason "W. Tappan Bradford. 1 Elected in place of James Bell, deceased May 26, 1857 ; took his seat Dec. 7, 1857. NEW JERSEY. SENATORS. John R. Thomson Princeton. | William Wright REPRESENTATIVES. .Newark. Garnett B. Adrian. New Brunswick. Isaiah D. Clawsou Woodstown. John Huyler Hackensack. Geo. R. Robbins .Hamilton Square. Jacob R. Wortendyke .Jersey City. Preston King *. NEW YORK. SENATORS. .Ogdensburg. | William H. Seward. .Auburn. Samuel G. Andrews Rochester. Thomas J. Barr 2 New York. Henry Bennett New Berlin. Silas M. Burroughs Medina. Horace F. Clark New York. Clark B. Cochrane Schenectady. John Cochrane New York. Erastus Corning Albany. Edward Dodd Argyle. Reuben E. Fenton Frewsburg. Henry C. Goodwin Hamilton. Amos P. Granger Syracuse. i Took his seat March 4, 1857. REPRESENTATIVES . John B. Haskin Fordham. Israel T. Hatch Buffalo. Charles B. Hoard Watertown. John Kelly 8 New York. William H. Kelsey Geneseo. William B. Maclay New York. Orsamus B. Matteson Utica. Edwin B. Morgan Aurora. Oliver A. Morse Cherry Valley. Ambrose S. Murray Goshen. Abrani B. Olin Troy. George W. Palmer Plattsburg. John M. Parker Owego. Emory B. Pottle Naples. William F. Russell Saugcrties. John A. Searing, Hempstead Branch. Judson W. Sherman Angelica. Daniel E. Sickles New York. Francis E. Spinner Mohawk. George Taylor Brooklyn. John Thompson Poughkeepsie. Elijah Ward JNew York. * Elected in place of John Kelly, resigned; took his seat Jan. 17, 1859. 1858. Resigned Dec. 25, NORTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. Asa Biggs i Williamston. David S. Reid. Thomas L. Climnnau 2 Asheville. .Pleasantville. Lawrence O B. Branch . . . .Raleigh. Thomas L. Clingmau 2 . . . Asliuville. Burton Craige Salisbury. Resigned May, 1858. REPRESENTATIVES. John A. Gilmer Greensborough. Henry M. Shaw Indian Town. Thomas Rufiin Goldsborough. Zebulon B. Vance 8 Asheville. Alfred M. Scales Madison. Warren Winslow Fayetteville. Elected senator in place of Asa Biggs, resigned; took his seat Dec. 6, 1858. Elected in place of Thomas L. Cliiigman, elected senator; took his seat Dec. 7, 1858. 148 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. George E. Pugh. OHIO. SENATORS. .Cincinnati. | Benjamin F. "Wade. .Jefferson. REPRESENTATIVES . Lawrence "W. Hall Bucyrus. Aaron Harlan Yellow Springs. Valentine B. Horton Pomeroy. William Lawrence Washington. Benjamin F. Leiter Canton. Joseph Miller Chillicothe. Richard Mott Toledo. Matthias H. Nichols Lima. John A. Bingham Cadiz. Philemon Bliss Elyria. Joseph Burns Coshocton. Lewis D. Campbell * Hamilton. Joseph R. Coekerill . . .West Union. Samuel S. Cox Columbus. Joshua R. Giddings Jefferson. William S. Groesbeck. . . Cincinnati. 1 Election successfully contested by Clement L. Vallandigham. 2 Successfully contested the election of Lewis D. Campbell; took Ms seat May 25, 1858. George H. Pendleton Cincinnati. John Sherman Mansfield. Benjamin Stanton . . . Belief ontaiue. C. B. Tompkins McConnellsville. Clement L. Vallandigham, 2 Dayton. Edward Wade Cleveland. Delazon Smith 1 .. . . Laf ay ette Gr o ver 2 . OREGON. SENATORS. .Portland. | Joseph Lane * Winchester. REPRESENTATIVE. William Bigler. Took his seat Feb. 14, 1859. 2 Took his seat Feb. 15, 1859. PENNSYLVANIA. SENATORS. Clearfield. | Simon Cameron * Harrisburg. John A. Ahl Newville. Henry Chapman Doylestown. John Covode Lockport. William L. Dewart Sunbury. John Dick Meadville. William H. Dimmick. . .Honesdale. John R. Edie Somerset. Thomas B. Florence. .Philadelphia. James L. Gillis Ridgeway. REPRESENTATIVES . Galusha A. Grow Glenwood. John Hickman West Chester. J. Glancy Jones 2 Reading. Owen Jones Cabinet. William H. Keirn s Reading. John C. Kunkel Harrisburg. James Laiidy Philadelphia. Paul Leidy Danville. William Montgomery .Washington. Edward Joy Morris. .Philladelphia. Henry M. Phillips Philadelphia. Samuel A. Purviance Butler. Wilson Reilly Chambersburg. David Ritchie Pittsburg. Anthony E. Roberts Lancaster. William Stewart Mercer. Allison White Lock Haven. 1 Took Ills seat March 4, 1857. 2 Resigned in 1858. 8 Elected in place of J. Glancy Jones, resigned ; took his seat Dec. 7, 1858. Philip Allen William D. Brayton. EHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. .Providence. | James F. Simmons 1 Providence. REPRESENTATIVES. . . .Warwick. | Nathaniel B. Durfee Tiverton. i Took his seat March 4, 1857. SOUTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. James Chestnut, jun. 1 Kershaw. Josiah J. Evans 2 Society Hill. James H. Hammond Beech Island. Arthur P. Hayne 3 Milledge L. Bonham Edgefield. William W. Boyce Monticello. REPRESENTATIVES. L. M. Keitt Orangeburgh C. H. John McQueen.. Marlborough C. H. William P. Miles Charleston. James L. Orr 4 Anderson. 1 Elected in place of Josiah J. Evans, deceased, Arthur P. Hayne having been appointed pro tern. ; took his seat Jan. 5, 1859. * Died May 6, 1858. 3 Appointed in place of Josiah J. Evans, deceased; took his seat May 20, 1858. 4 Elected speaker Dec. 7, 1857. John Bell. John D. C. Atkins Paris. William T. Avcry Memphis. George W. Jones Fayetteville. Horace Maynard Knoxville. TENNESSEE. SENATORS. Nashville. | Andrew Johnson REPRESENTATIVES. Charles Ready.. . .Murfreesborough. John H. Savage Smithville. Samuel A. Smith Charleston. A. G. Watkins . . . .Panther Springs. .Greenville. John V. Wright Felix K. Zollicoffer . Purdy. , . . .Nashville. THE THIRTY-FIFTH CONGRESS. 149 TEXAS. SENATORS. J. Pinckney Henderson * Marshville. Samuel Houston Huntsville! Thomas J. Rusfc2 Nacogdoches. Matthias Ward Jefferson. REPRESENTATIVES. Guy M. Bryan Brazoria. | John H. Reagan Palestine. i Elected in place of Thomas J. Rusk, deceased; took his seat March 1, 1858; died June 4, 1868 * Elected uresidenl proton. March 14, 1857; died July 29, 1857. Appointed in place of J. PinckneyHenderson, deceased; tooSseat Dec 6 loOo. VERMONT. SENATORS. Jacob Collamer Woodstock. | Solomon Foot Rutland. REPRESENTATIVES. Justin S. Morrill Stafford. | Homer E. Royce Berkshire. | E. P. Walton. Montpelier. VIRGINIA. SENATORS. Robert M. T. Hunter Lloyd s. | James M. Mason 1 Winchester. REPRESENTATIVES. Thos. S. Bocock . Appomattox C. H. John S. Caskie Richmond. Sherrard Clemens Wheeling. Henry A. Edmundson Salem. Charles J. Faulkner. . .Martinsburg. Miiscoe R. H. Garnett Lovett s. William O. Goode Boydton. George W. Hopkins Abington. Albert G. Jenkins. . .Green Bottom. John Letcher Lexington. Elected president pro tern. March 4, 1857. John S. Millson. Norfolk. Paulus Powell Amherst. William Smith Warrenton. WISCONSIN. SENATORS. James R. Doolittle 1 Racine. | Charles Durkee Kenosha. REPRESENTATIVES. Charles Billinghurst Juneau. | John F. Potter East Troy. | C. C. Washburn Mineral Point. i Took Ms seat March 4, 1867. KANSAS TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Marcus J. Parrott Leavenworth City. MINNESOTA TERRITORY. DELEGATE. William W. Kingsbury Endion. NEBRASKA TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Fenner Ferguson 1 Belleview. 1 Election unsuccessfully contested by Bird B. Chapman. TERRITORY OF NEW MEXICO. DELEGATE. Miguel A. Otero Albuquerque. OREGON TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Joseph Lane Winchester. UTAH TERRITORY. DELEGATE. John M. Bernhisel Salt Lake City. WASHINGTON TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Isaac I. Stevens Olympia. 150 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. THE THIKTY-SIXTH CO.NGRESS. First Session, from Dec. 5, 1859, to June 25, 1860. Second Session, from Dec. 3, 1860, to March 3, 1861. Vice-President. JOHN C. BRECKINKIDGE of Kentucky. Presidents of the Senate pro tempore. BENJAMIN FITZPATKICK of Alabama, elected March 9, 1859, in special session, again elected Dec. 19, 1859, again elected Feb. 20, 1860, and again elected June 26, 1860, in special session; JESSE D. BRIGHT of Indiana, elected June 12, 1860; SOLOMON FOOT of Vermont, elected Feb. 16, 1861. Secretary of the Senate. ASBUKY DICKENS of North. Carolina. Speaker of the House. WILLIAM PENNINGTON of New Jersey. Clerks of the House. JAMES C. ALLEN o Illinois; JOHN W. FORNEY of Pennsylvania, elected Feb. 3, 1860. ALABAMA. SENATORS. Clement C. Clay, jun. 1 Huntsville. | Benjamin Fitzpatrick 2 "Wetumpka. REPRESENTATIVES. James A. Stallworth 8 . . .Evergreen. David Clopton 8 Tuskegee. Williamson R. W. Cobb 4 .Bellefonte. Jabez L. M. Curry 3 Talladega. George S. Houston 3 Athens. Sydenham Moore 3 .Greensborough. James L. Pugh 3 Eufaula. 1 Retired from the senate Jan. 21, 1861. 2 Elected president pro tern. March 9, 1859; retired from the senate Jan. 21, 1861. 8 Retired from the house Jan. 21, 1861. * Retired from the house Jan. 30, 1861. ARKANSAS. SENATORS. Robert W. Johnson Pine Bluffs. | William K. Sebastian Helena. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas C. Hindman Helena. | Albert Rust Little Rock. * CALIFORNIA. SENATORS. David C. Broderick * San Francisco. William M. Gwin San Francisco. Henry P. Haun 2 Marysville. Milton S. Latham 8 San Francisco. REPRESENTATIVES. John C. Burch Weaverville. | Charles L. Scott Sonora. 1 Died Sept. 16, 1859. Appointed in place of David C. Broderick, deceased; took his seat Dec. 5, 1859. Elected In place of David S. Broderick, deceased, Henry P. Hann having been appointed pro tern.; took his seat March 5, 1800. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. James Dixon Hartford. | Lafayette S. Foster Norwich. REPRESENTATIVES. Alfred A. Burnham Windham. I Dwight Loomis Rockville. Orris S. Ferry Norwalk. | John Woodruff New Haven. DELAWARE. SENATORS. James A. Bayard Wilmington. | Willard Saulsbury Georgetown. REPRESENTATIVE. William G. Whiteley ". New Castle. THE THIRTY-SIXTH CONGRESS. 151 FLORIDA. SENATORS. Stephen R. Malloryl Pensacola. | David L. Yulee 1 , Homasassa. REPRESENTATIVE. George S. Hawkins Pensacola. 1 Ketired from the senate Jan. 21, 1861. GEOEGIA. SENATORS. Alfred Iverson 1 , Columbus. | Robert Toombs Washington. REPRESENTATIVES. Martin J. Crawford 2 Columbus. Joshua Hill 3 Madison. Peter E. Love 2 Thomasville. Lucius J. Gartrell 2 Atlanta. James Jackson 2 Athens. John W. H. Underwood 2 Home. Thomas Hardeman, jun. 2 . . .Macon. John J. Jones 2 . . ."Waynesborough. * Ketired from the senate Jan. 28, 18G1. 2 Retired from the house Jan. 23, 1861. Resigned Jan. 23, 1861. ILLINOIS. SENATORS. Stephen A. Douglas Chicago. | Lyman Trumbull Alton. REPRESENTATIVES. John F. Farns worth Chicago. John A. Logan Benton. Isaac N. Morris Quincy. Philip B. Fouke Belleville. Owen Lovejoy Princeton. James C. Robinson Marshall William Kellogg Canton. John A. McClernand . . .Springfield. Ellihu B. Washburne Galena. INDIANA. SENATORS. Jesse D. Bright * Jeffersonville. | Graham N. Fitch Logansport. REPRESENTATIVES. Cliarles Case Fort Wayne. William H. English Lexington. John U. Pettit Wabash. Schuyler Colfax South Bend. William S. Holman.Lawrenceburg. Albert G. Porter Indianapolis. John G. Davis Rookville. David Kilgore Yprktowii. James Wilson Crawfordsville. William M. Dunn Madison. William E. Niblack Vincennes. i Elected president pro tern. June 12, 1860. IOWA. SENATORS. James W. Grimes Burlington. | James Harlan Mt. Pleasant REPRESENTATIVES. Samuel R. Curtis Keokuk. | William Vandever Dubuque. KENTUCKY. SENATORS. John J. Crittenden Frankfort. | Lazarus W. Powell Henderson. Green Adams Barboursville. William C. Anderson 1 Danville. Francis M. Bristow Elkton. John Young Brown. Elizabethtown. REPRESENTATIVES. Henry C. Burnett Cadiz. Robert Mallory La Grange. Laban T. Mooro Louisa. Samuel O. Peyton Hartford. William E. Simms Paris. John W. Stevenson Coviugton. 1 Election unsuccessfully contested by James S. Chrisman. Judah P. Benjamin 1 , John E. Bouligny New Orleans. Thomas G. Davidson Baton Rouge. * Retired from the senate Feb. 4, 1861. LOUISIANA. SENATORS. New Orleans. | JohnSlidell 1 New Orleans. REPRESENTATIVES. John M. Landrum Shreveport. Miles Taylor 2 Donaldsonville. 2 Retired from the house Feb. 5, 1861. 152 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. MAINE. SENATORS. William Pitt Fessenden Portland. I Lot M. Morrill 2. Hannibal Hamlin * Hampden. | REPRESENTATIVES. Freeman H. Morse Bath. John J. Perry Oxford. Daniel E. Soiues Biddeford. Stephen Coburn 8 Skowhegan. Stephen C. Foster Pembroke. Ezra B. French Damariscotta. .Augusta. Israel Washburn, jun. 4 Orono. Resigned Jan 17, 1861. 2 Elected in place of Hannibal Haralin, resigned; took his seat Jan. 17, 1861. * Elected in place of Israel Washburn, jun., resigned; took his seat Jan. 2, 1861. * Resigned, to take effect Jan. 1, 1861. MARYLAND. SENATORS. Anthony Kennedy Baltimore. | James A. Pearce Chestertown. REPRESENTATIVES. H. "Winter Davis Baltimore. J. Morrison Harris Baltimore. George W. Hughes West River. Jacob M. Kunkel. . .Frederick City. James A. Stewart Cambridge. Edward H. Webster Belair. Charles Sumner Charles F. Adams Quincy. John B. Alley Lynn. James Buffinton Fall River. Anson Burlingame Cambridge. MASSACHUSETTS. SENATORS. Boston. | Henry Wilson. . , REPRESENTATIVES . Henry L. Dawes North Adams. Charles Delano Northampton. Thomas D. Eliot New Bedford. Daniel W. Gooch Melrose. .Natick. Alexander H. Rice Boston. Eli Thayer. Worcester. Charles R. Train Framingham. MICHIGAN. SENATORS. Kinsley S. Bingham Kensington. | Zachariah Chandler Detroit. REPRESENTATIVES. Henry Waldron Hillsdale. George B. Cooper * Jackson. William A. Howard 2 Detroit. Francis W. Kellogg. Grand Rapids. DeWitt C. Leach Lansing. 1 Election successfully contested by William A. Howard. ! Successfully contested the election of George B. Cooper; took his Beat May 15, 1860. MINNESOTA. SENATORS. Henry M. Rice St. Paul. | Morton S. Wilkinson Mankato. REPRESENTATIVES. Cyrus Aldrich Minneapolis. | William Windom Winona. MISSISSIPPI. SENATORS. Albert G. Brown * Terry. | Jefferson Davis *. REPRESENTATIVES. William Barksdale 2 Columbus. Reuben Davis 2 Aberdeen. Lucius Q. C. Lamar 2 Abbeville. John J. McRae 2 State Line. 1 Seats declared vacant March 14, 1861. Otho R. Singleton 2 . . . 2 Retired from the house Jan. 12, 1861. . . .Hurricane. Canton. James S. Green MISSOURI. SENATORS. .Canton. | Trusten Polk. .St. Louis. Thomas L. Anderson Palmyra. James R. Barrett 1 St. Louis. Francis P. Blair 2 St. Louis. REPRESENTATIVES. John B. Clark Fayette. James Craig St. Joseph. John W. Noell Perryville. John S. Phelps Springfield. Samuel H. Woodson.Independence. 1 Election successfully contested by Francis P. Blair; subsequently elected on the resignation of Mr. Blair, and took his seat Dec. 3, 1860. * Successfully contested the election of James R. Barrett; took his seat June 8, 1860 ; resigned in 1860. THE THIETY-SEKTH CONGRESS. 153 NEW HAMPSHIRE. SENATORS. Daniel Clark Manchester. | John P. Hale Dover. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas M. Edwards Keene. | Oilman Marston Exeter. | Mason W. Tappan Bradford. NEW JERSEY. SENATORS. JohnC. Ten Eyck Mount Holly. | John R. Thomson. Princeton. REPRESENTATIVES. Garnett B. Adrain . New Brunswick. I William Pennington 1 Newark. I John L. N. Stratton . .Mount Holly. John T. Nixon Bridgeton. | Jetur R. Riggs Paterson. | i Elected speaker Feb. 1, 1860. Preston King. NEW YORK. SENATORS. .Ogdensburg. | William H. Seward. .Auburn. Thomas J. Barr New York. Charles L. Beale Kinderhook. George Briggs New York. Silas M. Burroughs * Medina. Martin Butterfiekl Palmyra. Luther C. Carter Flushing. Horace F. Clark New York. Clark B. Cochrane Schenectady. John Cochrane New York. Roscoe Conkling IJtica. R. Holland Duell.Courtland Village. Alfred Ely Rochester. i Died June 3, 1860. REPRESENTATIVES. Reuben E. Fenton Frewsburg. Augustus Frank Warsaw. James H. Graham Delhi. John B. Haskin Fordham. Charles B. Hoard Watertown. James Humphrey Brooklyn. William Irvine Corning. William S. Kenyon Kingston. M. Lindley Lee Fulton. William B. Maclay New York. James B. McKean Saratoga. Abram B. Olin Troy. George W. Palmer Plattsburg. Emory B. Pottle Naples. Edwin R. Reynolds 2 Albion. John H. Reynolds Albany. Charles B. Sedgwick. ..... Syracuse. Daniel E. Sickles s New York. Elbridge G. Spaulding Buffalo. Francis E. Spinner Mohawk. Chas. H. YanWyck.Bloomingburg. Alfred Wells Ithaca. Elected in place of Silas M. Burroughs, deceased; took his seat Dec. 5, 1860. Election unsuccess fully contested by Amor J. Williamson. Thomas Bragg. Lawrence O B. Branch . . . .Raleigh. Burton Craige Salisbury. John A. Gilmer. . . .Greensborough. NORTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. Raleigh. | Thomas L. Clingman Asheville. REPRESENTATIVES. James M. Leach Lexington. Thomas Ruffin Goldsborough. Win. N. H. Smith... Murfreesboro . Zebulon B. Vance Asheville. Warren Winslow Fayetteville. George E. Pugh. OHIO. SENATORS. .Cincinnati. | Benjamin F. Wade. .Jefferson. William Allen Lima. James M. Ashley Toledo. John A. Bingham Cadiz. Harrison G. Blake Medina. John Carey Wyandotte. Thomas Corwin Lebanon. Samuel S. Cox Columbus. REPRESENTATIVES. Sidney Edgerton Tallmadge. John A. Gurley Cincinnati. William Helmick New Phila. William Howard Batavia. John Hutchins Warren. Charles D. Martin Lancaster. George H. Pendleton. . . .Cincinnati. John Sherman Mansfield. Benjamin Stanton... .Belief on taine. Thomas C. Theaker Bridgeport. C. B. Tompkins ...McConnellsville. Carey A. Trimble Chillicothe. Clement L. Vallandigham. .Dayton. Edward Wade Cleveland. Edward D. Baker 1 . Lansing Stout OREGON. SENATORS. .Oregon City. | Joseph Lane. REPRESENTATIVE. .Winchester. .Portland. Took his seat Dec. 5, 1860. 154 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTOEY. "William Bigler , Elijah Babbitt Erie. Samuel S. Blair Holidaysburg. James II. Campbell Pottsville. John Covode Lockport. William H. Dimmick. . .Honesdale. Thomas B. Florence. .Philadelphia. Gahisha A. Grow Glemvood. James T. Hale Belief onte. Chapin Hall Warren. PENNSYLVANIA. SENATORS. Clearfield. | Simon Cameron . REPRESENTATIVES. John Hickman West Chester. Benj. F. Junkui. . .New Bloomfield. John W. Killinger Lebanon. Henry C. Longnecker. . .AUentown. Jacob K. McKenty * Beading. Robert McKnight Pittsburg. Edward McPherson. . . .Gettysburg. William Millward .... Philadelphia. William Montgomery.. Washington. .Harrisburg. James K. Moorhead Pittsburg. Edward Joy Morris.. .Philadelphia. John Schwartz 2 Heading. George W. Scranton Scranton. Thaddeus Stevens Lancaster. William Stewart Mercer. John P. Verree Philadelphia. John Wood Philadelphia. Elected in place of John Schwartz, deceased; took his seat Dec. 3, 1860. 2 Died June 20, 1860. KHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. Henry B. Anthony Providence. | James F. Simmons. . . . REPRESENTATIVES. William D. Bray ton Warwick. | Christopher Robinson. .Providence. .Woonsocket. James Chestnut. SOUTH CAKOLINA. SENATORS. ...Camden. I James H. Hammond, .Beech Island. REPRESENTATIVES. John D. Ashmore l Anderson. I William W. Boyce * Winnsboro*. I John McQueen 1 . . .Marlboro C. H. MilledgeL. Bonham 1 ....Edgeneld. | L. M. Keitt Orangeburg C. H. | W. Porcher Miles Charleston. * Retired from the house Dec. 21, 1860. Andrew Johnson TENNESSEE. SENATORS. .Greeneville. | Alfred O. P. Nicholson. .Columbia. William T. Avery Memphis. Reese B. Brabson Chattanooga. Emerson Etheridge Dresden. Robert Hatton Lebanon. REPRESENTATIVES. Horace Maynard Knoxrille. Thomas A. 11. Nelson.. .Joiiesboro . James M. Quarles Clarksville. William B. Stokes Alexandria. James H. Thomas John V. Wright... .Columbia. ....Purdy. TEXAS. SENATORS. John Hemphill Austin. I Louis T. Wigfall * Marshall. Matthias Ward Jefferson. | REPRESENTATIVES. Andrew J. Hamilton Austin. | John H. Reagan Palestine. 1 Elected in place of J. Pinckney Henderson, deceased, Matthias "Ward having been appointed pro tern. ; took his seat Jan. 4, I860. VERMONT. SENATORS. Jacob Collamer. Woodstock. | Solomon Foot * Rutland. REPRESENTATIVES . Justin S. Morrill Stratford. | Homer E. Royce . . .East Berkshire. | Ezekiel P. Walton Montpelier. 1 Elected president pro tern. Feb. 1C, 1861. Robert M. T. Hunter. VIRGINIA. SENATORS. .Lloyd s. | James M. Mason Winchester. THE THIRTY-SEVENTH CONGRESS. 155 Thomas S. Bocock. . . . Appomattox. Alexander R. Boteler.Charlestown. Slierrard Clemens Wheeling. D. C. De Jamette . .Bowling Green. Henry A. Edmundson Salem. REPRESENTATIVES. Muscoe R. H. Garnett Loretto. John T. Harris Harrisonburg. Albert G. Jenkins.. .Green Bottom. Shelton F. Leake. . . Charlottesville. Elbert S. Martin Lee C. H. John S. Millson Norfolk. Roger A. Pryor * Petersburg. William Smith Warrenton. 1 Elected in place of William O. Goode, deceased July 3, 1859; took his seat Dec. 7, 1859. WISCONSIN. SENATORS. James R. Doolittle Racine. | Charles Durkee Kenosha. REPRESENTATIVES. Charles H. Larrabee Horicon. | John F. Potter Ea* Troy. | C. C. Washburn La Crosse. KANSAS TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Marcus J. Parrott Leavenworth City. NEBRASKA TERRITORY. DELEGATES. Samuel G. Daily 1 Peru, j Experience Estabrook 2 Omaha. 1 Successfully contested the election of Experience Estabrook ; took his seat May 18, I860. * Election successfully contested by Samuel G. Daily. TERRITORY OF NEW MEXICO. DELEGATE. Miguel A. Otero Albuquerque. UTAH TERRITORY. DELEGATE. William H. Hooper Salt Lake City. WASHINGTON TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Isaac I. Stevens . Olympia. THE THIETY-SEVENTH CONGKESS, First Session, from July 4, 1861, to Aug. G, 1861. Second Session, from Dec. 2, 1861, to July 17, 1862. Third Session, from Dec. 1, 1862, to March 3, 1863. Vice-President. HANNIBAL HAMLIN of Maine. President of the Senate pro tempore. SOLOMON FOOT of Vermont, elected July 18, 1861 ; again elected Jan. 15, 1862 ; again elected March 31, 1862 ; again elected June 19, 1862 ; and again elected Feb. 18, 1863. Secretaries of the Senate. ASBUBY DICKENS of North Carolina ; JOHN W. FOBNEY of Pennsylvania, elected July 15, 1861. Speaker of the House. GALUSHA A. GBOW of Pennsylvania. Clerk of the House. - EMBBSON ETHEBHXJB of Tennessee. ALABAMA. SENATORS. (Vacant.) REPRESENTATIVES. (Vacant.) 156 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. ARKANSAS. SENATORS. (Vacant. ) REPRESENTATIVES. (Vacant.) CALIFORNIA. SENATORS. Milton S. Latham Sacramento. | James A. McDougall San Francisco. REPRESENTATIVES. Frederick F. Low 1 . .San Francisco. | Timothy G. Phelps San Mateo. | Aaron A. Sargent Nevada. * Took his seat June 3, 1862. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. James Dixon Hartford. | Lafayette S. Foster Norwich. REPRESENTATIVES. Alfred A. Burnham "Windham. I Dwight Loomis Rockville. James E. English. New Haven. | George C. Woodruff Litchfield. DELAWARE. SENATORS. James A. Bayard .Wilmington. | Willard Saulsbury Georgetown. REPRESENTATIVE. George P. Fisher Dover. FLORIDA. SENATORS. (Vacant. ) REPRESENTATIVES. (Vacant.) GEORGIA. SENATORS. (Vacant.) REPRESENTATIVES. (Vacant.) ILLINOIS. SENATORS. Orville H. Browning * Quincy. I William A. Richardson 8 Quincy. Stephen A. Douglas 2 Chicago. | Lyman Trumlmll Alton. William J. Allen 4 Marion. Isaac N. Arnold Chicago. Philip B. Fonke Belleville. Anthony L. Kiiapp 5 . . . Jersey ville. REPRESENTATIVES. William Kellogg Canton. John A. Logan a Benton. Owen Lovejoy Princeton. John A. McClernand 7 . . Springfield. William A. Richardson 8 .. ..Quincy. James C. Robinson Marshall. Ellihu B. Washburne Galena. 1 Appointed in place of Stephen A. Douglas, deceased; took his seat July 4, 1861. 2 Died Juno 3, 1861. s Elected senator in place of Stephen A. Douglas. deceased ? Orvillo H. Browning having been appointed pro tern. ; took his seat Jan. 30, 18G3. * Elected in place of John A. Logan, resigned ; took his seat June 2, 1802. * Elected in place of John A. McClernand, resigned; took his seat Dec. 12, 1861. Resigned in 1861. 1 Resigned in 1861. INDIANA. SENATORS. Jesse D. Bright l Jefferson ville. I David Turpie 2 Indianapolis. Henry S. Lane Crawfordsville. | Joseph A. Wright 8 Indianapolis. 1 Expelled Feb. 5, 1862. * Elected in place of Jesse D. Bright, expelled, Joseph A. Wright having been appointed pro tern. ; took Ids seat Jan. 22, 18C3. 8 Appointed in place of Jesse D. Bright, expelled; took his seat March 3, 1862. THE THIRTY-SEVENTH CONGRESS. 157 Schuyler Colfax South Bend. James A. Cravens. . . .Hardiusburg. W. McKee Dunn Madison. "William S. Holman Aurora. REPRESENTATIVES. George W. Julian Centre ville. John Law Evansville. William Mitchell Kendallville. Albert G. Porter Indianapolis. John P. C. Shanks Jay C. H. Daniel W. Voorhees . .Terre Haute Albert S. White Stockwell. IOWA. SENATORS. James W. Grimes Burlington. | James Harlan. REPRESENTATIVES. .Mt. Pleasant. Samuel R. Curtis 1 Keokuk. William Vandever 2 Dubuque. James F. Wilson 8 Fairfield. Resigned Aug. 4, 1861. Election unsuccessfully contested by Le Grand Byington. Elected In place of Samuel R. Curtis, resigned; took his seat Dec. 2, 1861. KANSAS. SENATORS. James H. Lane * Lawrence. | Samuel C. Pomeroy Atchison. REPRESENTATIVE. Martin F. Con way Lawrence. * Election unsuccessfully contested by Frederick P. Stanton. KENTUCKY. SENATORS. John C. Breckinridge l Lexington. Lazarus W. Powell. Garrett Davis 2 Paris. .Henderson. Henry C. Burnett 8 Cadi/,. Samuel L. Casey 4 Caseyville. John J. Crittenden Frankfort. George W. Dunlap Lancaster. REPRESENTATIVES. Henry Grider Bowling Green. Aaron Harding Greensburg. James S. Jackson 6 . . .Ilopkinsville. Robert Mallory La Grange. John W. Menzies Covington. William H. Wadsworth . Maysville. Charles A. Wickliffe . . . Bardstown. Geo. H. Yeaman 6 ..Owensborough. i Expelled Dec. 4, 1861. 2 Elected in place of John 0. Breckinridge, expelled; took his seat Dec. 23. 1861. 8 Expelled Dec. 3, 1861. * Elected in place of Henry C. Burnett, expelled; took his seat March 10, 1862. Died in 1862. Elected in place of James S. Jackson, deceased; took his seat Dec. 1, 1862. LOUISIANA. SENATORS. (Vacant. ) REPRESENTATIVES. | Michael Hahn2 Took his seat Feb. 23, 1863. * Took his seat Feb. IT, 1863. Benjamin F. Flanders 1 . William Pitt Fessenden . Snmnel C. Fessenden Rockland. Thomas A. D. Fessenden !. Auburn. John N. Goodwin . .South Berwick. MAINE. SENATORS. Portland. | Lot M. Merrill . . REPRESENTATIVES. Anson P. Merrill Readneld. Frederick A. Pike Calais. John H. Rice Foxcroft. .Augusta. Charles W. Walton 2 Auburn. 1 Elected in place of Charles W. Walton, resigned; took his seat Dec. 1, 1862. * Resigned May 26, 1862. MARYLAND. SENATORS. Thomas H. Hicks*.. ...Cambridge. I James A. Pearce 2 Chestertown. Anthony Kennedy Ellicott s Mills. REPRESENTATIVES. Charles B. Calvert. . . .Bladensburg. I Cornelius L. L. Leary. . ..Baltimore. I Francis Thomas Frankville. John W. Crislield. . . Princess Anne. | Henry May Baltimore. | Edwin H. Webster lielair. i Appointed in place of James A. Pearce, deceased; took his seat Jan. 14, 1863. * Died Dec. 20, 1862. MASSACHUSETTS. SENATORS. Charles Summer ... Boston. | Henry Wilson Natick, 158 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. REPRESENTATIVES. Charles Delano Northampton. Thomas D. Eliot New Bedford. Daniel W. Gooch Melrose. Samuel Hooper 3 Boston. Alexander H. Rice Boston. Benjamin F. Thomas Boston. Charles II. Train Framingham. Amasa Walker *. North Brooklield. John B. Alley Lynn. William Appleton 1 Boston. Goldsmith F. Bailey 2 . . .Fitehburg. James Buffinton Fall River. Henry L. Dawes North Adams. i Resigned in 1861. * Died May 8. 1802. Elected in place of William Appleton, resigned; took his seat Dec. 2 1861 * Elected in place of Goldsmith F. Bailey, deceased; took his seat Dec. 1, 1862. MICHIGAN. SENATORS. Kinsley S. Bingham * Oak Grove. Jacob M. Howard 2 . Zachariah Chandler Detroit. .Detroit. REPRESENTATIVES. Fernando C. Beaman Adrian. I Francis W. Kellogg Grand Rapids. Bradley F. Granger Ann Arbor. | Rowland E. Trowbridge Birmingham. 1 Died Oct. 5, 1861. Elected in place of Kinsley S. Bingham, deceased; took his seat Jan. IT, 1862. MINNESOTA. SENATORS. Henry M. Rice , St. Paul. | Morton S. Wilkinson Mankato. REPRESENTATIVES. Cyrus Aldrich Minneapolis. | William Windom Winona. MISSISSIPPI. SENATORS. (Vacant.) REPRESENTATIVES. (Vacant.) MISSOURI. SENATORS. John B. Henderson l Louisiana. Trusten Polk 2 , Waldo Porter Johnson 2 Osceola. Robert Wilson 8 . St. Louis. St. Joseph. Francis P. Blair, jun. 4 St. Lonis. William A. Hall 5. Huntsville. John W. Noell Perry ville. REPRESENTATIVES. Elijah H. Norton Platte City. John S. Phelps Springfield. Thomas L. Price . . .Jefferson City. John W. Reid? James S. Rollins Columbia. 1 Appointed in place of Trusten Polk, expelled; took his seat Jan. 29, 1862. 2 Expelled Jan. 10, 1862. s Appointed in place of Waldo Porter Johnson, expelled ; took his seat Jan. 24, 1862. Resigned in 1S62. B Elected in place of John B. 8 Elected in place of John W. Reid, expelled; took his seat Clark, expelled July 13. 18(51; took his seat Jan. 20, 1862. Jan. 21, 1862. Expelled Dec. 2, 1861. Daniel Clark Thomas M. Edwards. . . NEW HAMPSHIRE. SENATORS. Manchester. | John P. Hale Dover. REPRESENTATIVES. . . . .Keene. | Gilman Marston Exeter. | Edward H. Rollins Concord. NEW JERSEY. SENATORS. John C. Ten Eyck Mount Holly. John R. Thomson 2 Princeton. Richard S. Field l Princeton. James W. Wall 3 Burlington. REPRESENTATIVES. Goorgo T. Cobb Morristown. I Nehemiah Perry Newark. John T. Nixon Hridgeton. | William G. Steele Somerville. John L. N. Stratton. .Mount Holly. Appointed in place of John R. Thomson, deceased; took his scat Dec. 1, 1862. * Died Sept. 12, 18G2. Elected in place of John It. Thomson, deceased, Richard S. Field having been appointed pro tern.; took his seat Jan. 21, 1863. THE THIRTY-SEVENTH CONGRESS. 159 Ira Harris. NEW YORK. SENATORS. .Albany. | Preston King. Stephen Baker Poughkeepsie. J. P. Chamberlain Seneca Falls. Ambrose W. Clark Watertown. Frederick A. Conkling. .New York. Roscoe Conkling Utica. Erastus Corning Albany. Isaac C. Delaplaine New York. Alexander S. Diven Elmira. R. Holland Duell Courtland. Alfred Ely Rochester. Eeuben E. Teuton Frewsburg. REPRESENTATIVES. j Richard Franchot Schenectady I Augustus Frank Warsaw Edward Haight West Chester. James E. Kerrigan New York William E. Lansing. . .Chittenango. Jas. B. McKean . .Saratoga Springs. Moses F. Odell Brooklyn. Abraham B. Olin Troy. Theodore M. Pomeroy Auburn Charles B. Sedgwick Syracuse. Socrates N. Sherman . .Ogdensburg. Ogdensburg. Edward H. Smith Smithtown. Elb ridge G. Spaulding Buffalo John B. Steele Kingston. Burt Van Horn Newfane. Robt. B. Van Valkenburgh . . .Bath Chas. H. Van Wyck.Bloomingburg. Chauncey Vibbard Schenectady William Wall Brooklyn Elijah Ward New York. William A. Wheeler Malone. Benjamin Wood New York. NORTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. (Vacant.) EEPRESENTATIVES. (Vacant.) OHIO. SENATORS. Salmon P. Chase - Cincinnati. I Benjamin F. Wade . John Sherman 2 Mansfield. .Jefferson. William Allen Greenville. James M. Ashley Toledo. John A. Bingham Cadiz. Harrison G. Blake Medina. Samuel S. Cox Columbus. William P. Cutler Constitution. Sidney Edgerton Tallmadge. REPRESENTATIVES. John A. Gurley Cincinnati. Richard A. Harrison London. Valentine B. Horton Pomeroy. John Hutchins Warren. James R. Morris Woodstield. Warren P. Noble Tiffin. Robt. II. Nugeu.New Comerstown. George H. Pendleton Cincinnati. Albert G. Riddle Cleveland. Samuel Shellabarger Springfield. Carey A. Trimble Chillicotlie. Clement L. Vallandigham. .Dayton. Chilton A. White Georgetown. Samuel T. Worcester Norwalk. 1 Resigned March C, 1SG1. 2 Elected in place of Salmon P. Chase, resigned; took his seat March 23, 1SG1. OREGON. SENATORS. Edward D. Baker * Benjamin F. Harding 2 Salem. James W. Nesmith Salem. Benjamin Stark s Portland. REPRESENTATIVE. George K. Shiel Salem. 1 Died Oct. 21, 1861. 2 Elected in place of Edward D. Baker, deceased. Benjamin Stark having been appointed pro tern. ; took liis seat Dec. 1, 1802. z Appointed in place of Edward D. Baker, deceased; took liis seat Feb. 27, 18<J2. PENNSYLVANIA. SENATORS. Simon Cameron * Edgar Cowan Greensburg. David Wilmot 2 Towanda. REPRESENTATIVES. Sydenham E. Ancona Reading. Elijah Babbitt Erie. Joseph Baily Newport. Charles J. Bid.lle 3 . . . .Philadelphia. Samuel R. Blair Hollidaysburg. James H. Campbell Poi.tsville. Thomas B. Cooper 4 .. .Coopersburg. John Covode Lockport Station. William Morris Davis.. .Milestown. Galusha A. Grow 5 James T. Hale Belief onte. John Hickman West Chester. Philip Johnson Easton. William I). Kclley Philadelphia. John W. Killinger Lebanon. Jesse Lazear \Vaynesburg. Win. E. Lehman Philadelphia. Robert McKnight Pittsburg. Edward McPherson . . . .Gettysburg. James K. Moorhead Pittsburg. John Patton Cunvinsville. Thaddeus Stevens Lancaster. John D. Stiles 7 Allentown. John P. Vcrreo 8 Philadelphia. John W. Wallace Newcastle. Hendrick B. Wright . .Wilkesbarre. 1 Resigned March, 1801. 2 Elected in place of Simon Cameron, resigned; took liia seat March 18, 1801. 3 Elected In place of K. Joy Morris, resigned. 4 Died April 4, 1302. Elected speaker July 4. 1801. Election unsuccessfully con tested by John M. Butler. Elected in place of Thomas B. Cooper, deceased; took his seat June 3, 18C2. Election unsuc cessfully contested by John Kline. 160 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. RHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. Henry B. Anthony .,,..... Providence. I James F. Simmons 2 Providence. Samuel G. Arnold * | REPEESENTATIVES. George H. Browne Providence. | William P. Sheffield Newport. i Elected in place of James F. Simmons, resigned; took his seat Dec. 1, 1862. a Resigned in 1862. SOUTH CAROLINA. SENATOES. (Vacant.) REPRESENTATIVES. (Vacant.) TENNESSEE. SENATOES. Andrew Johnson Greeneville. | Vacant. REPRESENTATIVES. George W. Bridges l | Andrew J. Clements 2 . . .Lafayette. | Horace Maynard Knoxville. * Took his seat Feb. 25, 1863. 2 Took his seat Jan. 13, 1862. TEXAS. SENATORS. (Vacant.) REPRESENTATIVES. (Vacant.) VERMONT. SENATORS. Jacob Collamer "Woodstock. | Solomon Foot J Rutland. EEPEESENTATIVES. Portus Baxter. Derby Line. | Justin S. Morrill Stratford. | Ezekiel P. "Walton Montpelier. * Elected president pro tern. July 18, 1861. VIRGINIA. SENATOES. John S. Carlile 1 "Wheeling. | Waiteman T. Willey 2 Morgantown. REPEESENTATIVES. Jacob B. Blair 3 Parkersburg. I John S. Carlile 1 "Wheeling. Charles H. Upton 5 . . .Falls Church. William G. Brown Kingwoou. | Joseph E. Segar 4 . . .Elizabeth City. Killian V. Whaley Ceredo. 1 Elected senator in place of E. M. T. Hunter, withdrawn ; took his seat July 13, 1861. 2 Elected in place of J. M. Mason, withdrawn; took his seat July 13, 1861. * Elected in place of John S. Carlile, resigned; took Ms seat Dec. 2, 1861. * Took his seat May 6, 1862. Election unsuccessfully contested by S. F. Beach. WISCONSIN. SENATOES. James R. Doolittle Racine. | Timothy O. Howe Green Bay. REPRESENTATIVES. Luther Hanchett 1 Plover. Walter D. Mclndoe 2 Warsaw. John F. Potter East Troy. A. Scott Sloan Beaver Dam. 1 Died Nov. 24, 1862. Elected in place of Luther Hanchett, deceased; took his seat Jan. 26, 1863. COLORADO TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Hiram P. Bennett ... .Denver. THE THIRTY-EIGHTH CONGRESS. 161 DAKOTA TERRITORY. DELEGATE. JohnB. S. Todd Fort Randall NEBRASKA TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Samuel G. Daily 1 Peru. 1 Election unsuccessfully contested by J. Sterling Morton. NEVADA TERRITORY. DELEGATE. John Cradlebaugh Carson City. TERRITORY OF NEW MEXICO. DELEGATE. JohnS. Watts Santa Fe\ UTAH TERRITORY. DELEGATE. JohnM. Bernhisel Salt Lake City. WASHINGTON TERRITORY. DELEGATE. William H. Wallace Steilacoom. THE THIKTY-EIGHTH CONGBESS. First Session, from Dec. 7, 1863, to July 4, 1864. Second Session, from Dec. 5, 1864, to March 3, 1865. t. HANNIBAL HAMLIN of Maine. Presidents of the Senate pro tempore. SOLOMON FOOT of Vermont, elected March 4, 1863, in special session, again elected Dec. 18, 1863, again elected Feb. 23, 1864, again elected March 11, 1864, and again elected April 11, 1864; DANIEL CLAKK of New Hampshire, elected April 26, 1864, and again elected Feb. 9, 1865. Secretary of the Senate. JOHN W. FOKNEY of Pennsylvania. Speaker of the House. SCHUYLEB COLFAX of Indiana. Clerks of the House. EMEBSON ETHEBIDGE of Tennessee; EDWABD MCPHEBSON of Pennsylvania, elected Dec. 8, 1863. ALABAMA. SENATORS. (Vacant.) EEPRESENTATIVES. (Vacant.) ARKANSAS. SENATORS. (Vacant.) BEPRESENTATIVES. (Vacant.) 162 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. CALIFORNIA. SENATOES. John Connesa Sacramento. | James A. McDougall San Francisco. REPRESENTATIVES. Cornelius Cole Santa Cruz. | "William Higby Calaveras. | Thomas B. Shannon Quincy. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. James Dixon Hartford. | Lafayette S. Foster Norwich; REPRESENTATIVES. Augustus Brandegee New London. Henry C. Deming Hartford. James E. English New Haven. John H. Hubbard Litchneld. James A. Bayard * George Read Riddle 2 DELAWARE. SENATORS. .Wilmington. I Willard Saulsbury Georgetown. .Wilmington. | REPRESENTATIVE. Nathan B. Smithers 1 Resigned Jan. 30, 1864. Elected in place of James A. Bayard, resigned ; took his seat Feb. 2, 1864. FLORIDA. SENATORS. (Vacant.) REPRESENTATIVES. (Vacant.) GEORGIA. SENATORS. (Vacant.) REPRESENTATIVES. (Vacant.) Dover. William A. Richardson ILLINOIS. SENATORS. .Quincy. | Lyman Trumbull. . .Alton. James C. Allen Palestine. William J. Allen Marion. Isaac N. Arnold Chicago. John R. Eden Sullivan. John F. Farnsworth. . . .St. Charles. REPRESENTATIVES. Charles M. Harris Aquawka. Ebon C. Ingersoll l Peoria. Anthony L. Knapp Jersey ville. Owen Love joy 2 Princeton. William R.. Morrison Waterloo. Jesse O. Norton Joliet. James C. Robinson Marshall. Lewis W. Ross Lewisto\vn. John T. Stuart Springfield. Ellihu B. Washburne Galena. 1 Elected in place of Owen Lovejoy, deceased ; took his seat May 20, 1864. * Died March 25, 1864. Thomas A. Hendricks . Schuyler Coif ax 1 South Bend. James A. Cravens. . . .Hardinsburg. Ebenezer Dumont. . . .Indianapolis. Joseph K. Edgerton . .Fort Wayne. INDIANA. SENATORS. . . . .Indianapolis. | Henry S. Lane . . REPRESENTATIVES. Henry W. Harrington Madison. William S. Holm an Aurora. George W. Julian Centreville. John Law Evansville. 1 Elected speaker Dec. 7, 1863. . Crawf ordsville. James F. McDowell Marion. Godlove S. Orth Lafayette. Daniel W. Voorhees . .Terre Haute. James W. Grimes , .Mt. Pleasant. William B. Allison Josiah B. Grinnell 1 IOWA. SENATORS. Burlington. | James Harlan REPRESENTATIVES . .Dubuque. I Asahel W. Hubbard. . . . Sioux City. I Hiram Price Davenport. . .Grinnell. | John A. Kasson Des Moines. | James F. Wilson Fairneld. 1 Election unsuccessfully contested by Hugh M. Martin. THE THIRTY-EIGHTH CONGRESS. 163 KANSAS. SENATORS. James H. Lane Lawrence. | Samuel C. Pomeroy Atchison. REPRESENTATIVE . A. Carter Wilder Leavenworth. KENTUCKY. SENATORS. Garrett Davis Paris. | Lazarus W. Powell Henderson. REPRESENTATIVES. Lucien Anderson Mayfleld. Brutus J. Clay . Paris. Henry Grider Bowling Green. Aaron Harding Greensburg. Robert Mallory La Grange. William H. Randall London. Green Clay Smith Covington. William H. Wadsworth.Maysville. Geo. H. Yeaman 1 ..Owensborough. 1 Election unsuccessfully contested by John H. McHenry. LOUISIANA. SENATORS. (Vacant.) REPRESENTATIVES. (Vacant.) MAINE. SENATORS. Nathan A. FarwelH Rockland. I Lot M. Morrill , ..Augusta William Pitt Fessenden 2 Portland. James G. Elaine Augusta. Sidney Perham Paris. REPRESENTATIVES. Frederick A. Pike Calais. I Lorenzo D. M. Sweat Portland. John H. Rice Foxcroft. 1 Appointed in place of William Pitt Fessenden, resigned; took his seat Dec. 6, 1864. Resigned in 1864. MARYLAND. SENATORS. Thomas H. Hicks 1 Cambridge. | Reverdy Johnson Baltimore. REPRESENTATIVES. John A. J. Creswell Elkton. I Benjamin G. Harris . Leonardtown. I Edwin H. Webster Belair. Henry Winter Davis Baltimore. | Francis Thomas Frankville. | 1 Died Feb. 13, 1865. MASSACHUSETTS. SENATORS. Charles Surnner Boston. | Henry Wilson Natick. REPRESENTATIVES. John B. Alley Lynn. Oakes Ames North Easton. John D. Baldwin Worcester. George S. Bout welt Groton. Henry L. Dawes Pittsfield. Thomas D. Eliot New Bedford. Daniel W. Gooch Mclrose. Samuel Hooper Boston. Alexander H. Rice Boston. William B. Washburn . .Greenfield. MICHIGAN. SENATORS. Zachariah Chandler , , , Detroit. | Jacob M. Howard Detroit. REPRESENTATIVES. Augustus C. Baldwin Pontiac. I John F. Driggs East Saginaw. I John W. Longyear Lansing. Fernando C. Beaman Adrian. | Francis W. Kellogg . Grand Rapids. | Charles Upson Coldwater. MINNESOTA. SENATORS. Alexander Ramsey St. Paul. | Morton S. Wilkinson Mankato. I REPRESENTATIVES. Ignatius Donnelly Nininger. | William Windom Winona. 164 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. MISSISSIPPI. SENATORS. (Vacant.) REPRESENTATIVES. (Vacant.) MISSOUKL SENATORS. B. Gratz Brown 1 ,,., St. Louis. I Robert Wilson John B. Henderson Louisiana. .St. Joseph. REPRESENTATIVES. Austin A. King 3 Richmond. Samuel Knox 4 St. Louis. Benjamin Loan 5 St. Joseph. Joseph W. McClurgS. . .Linn Creek. James S. Rollins Columbia. John Gr. Scott 7 Irondale. Francis P. Blair, jun. 2 . . . .St. Louis. Henry T. Blow St. Louis. Sempronius H. Boyd .. .Springfield. William A. Hall Huntsville. 1 Elected in place of Waldo Porter Johnson, expelled in 18G2, Robert Wilson having been appointed pro tern. ; took his seat Dec. 14, 1863. 2 Election successfully contested by Samuel Knox. 8 Election unsuccessfully contested by James H. Birch. * Successfully contested the election of Francis P. Blair, jun. : took his seat June 15, 18C4. B Election unsuccessfully contested by John P. Bruce. v Election unsuccessfully contested by Thomas L. Price. 1 Election unsuccessfully contested by James Lindsay. NEVADA. SENATORS. James W. Nye * Carson City. | William M. Stewart 1 Virginia City. REPRESENTATIVE. Henry G. Worthington 2 Austin. i Took his seat Feb. 1, 1865. 2 Took his seat Dec. 21, 1864. NEW HAMPSHIKE. SENATORS. Daniel Clark * Manchester. | John P. Hale Dover. REPRESENTATIVES. Daniel Marcy Portsmouth. | James W. Patterson Hanover. | Edward H. Rollins Concord. 1 Elected president pro tern. April 26, 1864, and Feb. 9, 1865. NEW JERSEY. SENATORS. John C. Ten Eyck Mount Holly. | William Wright Newark. REPRESENTATIVES. George Middleton Allentown. I Andrew J. Rogers Newton. I William G. Steele Somerville. Nehemiah Perry Newark. | John F. Starr Camden. | NEW YORK. SENATORS. Ira Harris Albany. | Edward D. Morgan New York. REPRESENTATIVES. James Brooks New York. Calvin T. Hulburd. . .Brasher Falls. John V. L. Pruyn Albany. John W. Chanler New York. Martin Kalbileisch Brooklyn. William Radford Yonkers. Ambrose W. Clark Watertown. Orlando Kellogg Elizabethtown. Henry G. Stebbins, 2 Freeman Clarke Rochester. Franbis Kernari Utica. New Brighton, S.I. Thomas T. Davis Syracuse. DeWitt C. Littlejohn Oswego. John B. Steele Kingston. Reuben E. Fenton 1 Frewslmrg. James M. Marvin . Saratoga Springs. Dwight Townsend 3 Clifton, S. I. Augustus Frank Warsaw. Samuel F. Miller Franklin. Robt. B. Van Valkenburgh . . . Bath. John Ganson Buffalo. Daniel Morris Penn Yan. Elijah Ward New York. John A. Griswold Troy. Homer A. Nelson Poughkeepsie. Charles H. Winiield Goshen. Anson Herri ck New York. Moses F. Odell Brooklyn. Benjamin Wood New York. Giles W. Hotchkiss . . . Binghamton. Theodore M. Pomeroy Auburn. Fernando Wood New York. 1 Resigned Dec. 10, 1864. a Resigned in 1864. Elected in place of Henry G. Stebbins, resigned; took his seat Dec. 5, 1864. NORTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. (Vacant. ) REPRESENTATFV ES. (Vacant.) THE THIRTY-EIGHTH CONGRESS. 165 John Sherman . James M. Ashley Toledo. George Bliss Wooster. Samuel S. Cox Columbus. Ephraim R. Eckley Carrollton. "William E. Finck Somerset. James A. Garfield Hiram. Wells A. Hutching . . . .Portsmouth. OHIO. SENATORS. .Mansfield. | Benjamin F. Wade. REPRESENTATIVES. .Jefferson. "William Johnson Mansfield. Francis C. Le Blond Celina. Alexander Long Cincinnati. John F. McKmney Piqua. James R. Morris Woodsfield. Warren P. Noble Tiffin. John O Neill Zanesville. George H. Pendleton Cincinnati. Robert C. Schenck Dayton. Rufus P. Spalding Cleveland.- Chilton A. White Georgetown. Joseph W. White Cambridge. OEEGON. SENATORS. Benjamin F. Harding Salem. | James W. Nesmith .,,,., Salem. REPRESENTATIVE. John R. McBride Lafayette. PENNSYLVANIA. SENATORS. Charles R. Buckalew Bloomsburg. | Edgar Cowan Greensburgh. Sydenham E. Ancona Reading. Joseph Baily Newport. John M. Broomall Media. Alexander H. Coffroth . . . Somerset. John L. Dawson Brownsville. Charles Denison Wilkesbarre. James T. Hale Belief onte. Philip Johnson Easton. William D. Kelley. . . .Philadelphia. REPRESENTATIVES. Jesse Lazear Waynesburgh. Archibald McAllister, Spriuglield Furnace. William H. Miller Harrisburg. James K. Moorhead Pittsburg. Amos Myers Clarion. Leonard Myers l Philadelphia. Charles O Neill Philadelphia. Samuel J. Randall Philadelphia. Glenni W. Scofield Warren. Thaddeus Stevens Lancaster. John D. Stiles Alleutown. Myer Strouse Pottsville. M. RusseU Thayer 2. .Chestnut Hill. Henry W. Tracy Standing Stone. Thomas Williams Pittsburg. Election unsuccessfully contested by John Kline. 2 Election unsuccessfully contested by C. W. Carrigan. Henry B. Anthony. Nathan F. Dixon. . . EHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. .Providence. | William Sprague. . . . REPRESENTATIVES. ...Westerly. | Thomas A. Jenckes. .Providence. .Providence. Jacob Collamer. Portus Baxter . . SOUTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. (Vacant.) REPRESENTATIVES. (Vacant.) TENNESSEE. SENATORS. (Vacant. ) REPRESENTATIVES. (Vacant.) TEXAS. SENATORS. (Vacant.) EEPRESENTATIVES. (Vacant.) VERMONT. SENATORS. Woodstock. | Solomon Foot i Rutland. REPRESENTATIVES. .Derby Line. | Justin S. Morrill Strafford. | Fred. E. Woodbridge. . .Vergennes. 1 Elected president pro tern. Feb. 23, 1864. 166 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. VIRGINIA. SENATORS. Lemuel J. Bowden 1 I John S. Carlile Clarksburg. REPRESENTATIVES. (Vacant. ) i Died Jan. 2, 1864. WEST VIRGINIA. SENATORS. Waitman T. Willey l Morgantown. | Peter G. Van "Winkle l Parkersburgh. REPRESENTATIVES. Jacob B. Blair J Parkersburgh. | William G. Brown l Kingwood. | Killian V. Whaley l . .Pt. Pleasant. i Took his seat Dec. 7, 1863. WISCONSIN. SENATORS. James R. Doolittle Racine. | Timothy O. Howe Green Bay. REPRESENTATIVES. James S. Brown Milwaukee. I Charles A. Eldridge. .Fond da Lac. I Ithamar C. Sloan Janesville. Amasa Cobb Mineral Point. | Walter D. Mclndoe Warsaw. | Ezra Wheeler Berlin. ARIZONA TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Charles D. Poston Tubac. COLORADO TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Hiram P. Bennett Denver. DAKOTA TERRITORY. DELEGATES. William Jayne * I John B. S. Todd 2 Yankton. * Election successfully contested by John B. S. Todd. * Successfully contested the election of William Jayne; took his seat June 13, 1864. IDAHO TERRITORY. DELEGATE. William H. Wallace Lewiston. MONTANA TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Samuel McLean 1 Bannack City. 1 Took his seat Jan. 6, 1865. NEBRASKA TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Samuel G. Daily Peru. NEVADA TERRITORY. DELEGATES. Gordon N. Mott 1 Carson City. | Henry G. Worthington Austin. i Took his seat Jan. 11, 1864. TERRITORY OF NEW MEXICO. DELEGATE. Francisco Perea l Bernalillo. i Election unsuccessfully contested by J. M. Gallegos. THE THIRTY-NINTH CONGRESS. 167 UTAH TERRITORY. DELEGATE. JohnF. Kenney Salt Lake City. WASHINGTON TERRITORY. DELEGATE. George E. Cole Walla Walla. THE THIETY-NINTH CONGBESS, First Session, from Dec. 4, 1865, to July 28, 1866. Second Session, from Dec. 3, 1866, to March 3, 1867. Vice-President. 1 Presidents of the Senate pro tempore. LAFAYETTE S. FOSTER of Connecticut, elected March 7, 1865, in special session; BENJAMIN F. WADE of Ohio, elected March 2, 1867. Secretary of the Senate. JOHN W. FOKNET of Pennsylvania. Speaker of the House. SCHUYLEK COLI-AX of Indiana. Clerk of the House. EDWARD MCPHERSOH of Pennsylvania. 1 Vice-President Andrew Johnson became President by the death of Abraham Lincoln, April 15, 1866, ALABAMA. SENATORS. (Vacant.) REPRESENTATIVES. (Vacant.) ARKANSAS. SENATORS. (Vacant. ) REPRESENTATIVES. (Vacant. ) CALIFORNIA. SENATORS. John Conness Sacramento. | James A. McDougalL San Francisco. REPRESENTATIVES. John Bidwell Chico. | William Higby Calaveras. | Donald C. McRuer. .San Francisco. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. James Dixon Hartford. | Lafayette S. Foster * Norwich. REPRESENTATIVES. John H. Hubbard Litch field. Samuel L. Warner Middletown. Augustus Brandegee New London. Henry C. Deming Hartford. 1 Elected president pro tern. March 7, 1865. 168 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. George Read Riddle. John A. Nicholson. . DELAWARE. SENATORS. ."Wilmington. | Willard Saulsbury. REPRESENTATIVE. .Georgetown. Dover. FLORIDA. SENATORS. (Vacant.) REPRESENTATIVE. (Vacant. ) GEORGIA. SENATORS. (Vacant.) REPRESENTATIVES. (Vacant.) Lyman Trumbull. ILLINOIS. SENATORS. .Chicago. | Richard Yates Jehu Baker Belleville. Henry P. H. Bromwell. . Charleston. Burton C. Cook Ottawa. Shelby M. Cullom Springfield. John F. Farnsworth St. Charles. REPRESENTATIVES. Abner C. Harding Monraouth. Ebon C. Ingersoll Peoria. Andrew J. Knydendall . . . .Vienna. Sam l S. MarshalLMcLeansborough. Samuel W. Moulton . . . Shelby vifle. .Jacksonville. Lewis W. Ross Lewistown. Anthony Thornton Shelby ville. Ellihu B. Washburne Galena. John Wentworth Chicago. Thomas A. Hendricks Schuyler Coif ax *. . . Joseph H. Def rees . . Ebenezer Dumont . . John H. Farquhar . . 1 Elected speaker Dec. 4, 1865. ...South Bend. Gosh en. . .Indianapolis. ... .Brookville. INDIANA. SENATORS. . . . .Indianapolis. | Henry S. Lane . . REPRESENTATIVES. Ralph Hill Columbus. George W. Julian Centreville. Michael C. Kerr New Albany. William E. Niblack Vincennes. . Crawf ordsville. 2 Election successfully contested by Henry D. "Washburn. election of Daniel W. Voorhees ; took his seat Feb. 23, 1866. Godlove S. Orth Lafayette. Thomas N. Stillwell Anderson. Daniel W. Voorhees 2 .Terre Haute. Henry D. Washburn s Clinton. 8 Successfully contested the James W. Grimes Burlington. James Harlan l Mt. Pleasant. IOWA. SENATORS. Samuel J. Kirkwood 2 Iowa City. William B. Allison Dubuque. Josiah B. Grinnell Grinnell. REPRESENTATIVES. Asahel W. Hubbard Sioux City. John A. Kasson Des Moines. Hiram Price Davenport. James F. Wilson Fairlield. Resigned May 15, 1865; having been appointed Secretary of the Interior. took his seat Jan. 24, 1866. s Elected in place of James Harlan, resigned; KANSAS. SENATORS. James H. Lane 1 Lawrence. I Edmund G. Ross 2 Lawrence. Stephen C. Pomeroy Atchison. | REPRESENTATIVE. Sidney Clarke Lawrence. 1 Died July 11, 1866. * Appointed in place of James H. Lane, deceased; took his seat July 25, 1866. Garrett Davis KENTUCKY. SENATORS. .Paris. | James Guthrie , .Louisville. THE THIRTY-NINTH CONGRESS. 169 Henry Grider * Bowling Green. Aaron Harding Greensburg. Elijah llise 2 Russellville. Samuel McKee Mount Sterling. REPRESENTATIVES. William H. Randall London. Burwell C. Hitter . . . .Hopkinsville. Lovell H. Rousseau 3 . . . .Louisville. George S. Shanklin . .Nicholasville. Green Clay Smith 4 Covington. Lawrence S. Trimble Paducah. Andrew H. Ward 5 Cynthiana. 1 Died Sept. 14, 1866. 2 Elected in place of Henry Grider, deceased; took his seat Dec. 3, 1866. Resigned July 21, 18C6 ; subsequently re-elected, and took his seat Dec. 3, 18C6. * Resigned in 1866. Elected iu place of Greeu Clay Smith, resigned; took his seat Deo. 3, 1866. LOUISIANA. SENATORS. (Vacant.) REPRESENTATIVES. (Vacant.) MAINE. SENATORS. William Pitt Fessenden Portland. | Lot M. Morrill Augusta. REPRESENTATIVES. James G. Blaine Augusta. I Sidney Perham Paris. I John H. Rice Foxcroft. John Lynch Portland. | Frederick A. Pike Calais. | MARYLAND. SENATORS. John A. J. Creswell Elkton. | Reverdy Johnson Baltimore. REPRESENTATIVES. Benjamin G. Harris .Leouardsto wn. I Charles E. Phelps Baltimore. John L. Thomas, jun Baltimore. Hiram McCullough Elkton. | Francis Thomas Frankville. MASSACHUSETTS. SENATORS. Charles Sumner Boston. | Henry Wilson Natick. REPRESENTATIVES. John B. Alley Lynn. Oakes Ames North Eastou. John D. Baldwin Worcester. Nathaniel P. Banks 1 . . . .Waltham. George S. Boutwell Groton. Henry L. Dawes Pittsfield. Thomas D. Eliot New Bedford. Samuel Hooper. Boston. Alexander H. Rice Boston. William B. Washburn. .Greenfield. 1 Elected in place of D. "W. Gooch, resigned in 1865. MICHIGAN. SENATORS. Zachariah Chandler Detroit. | Jacob M. Howard Detroit. REPRESENTATIVES. Fernando C. Beaman Adrian. I Thomas W. Ferry. . .Grand Haven. I R. E. Trowbridge Birmingham. JohnF. Driggs East Saginaw. | John W. Longyear Lansing. | Charles TJpson Coldwater. MINNESOTA. SENATORS. Daniel S. Norton Winona. | Alexander Ramsey St. Paul. REPRESENTATIVES. Ignatius DonneUy Hastings. | William Windom Winona. MISSISSIPPI. SENATORS. (Vacant.) REPRESENTATIVES. (Vacant.) 170 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. B. Gratz Brown. George "W. Anderson. . . .Louisiana. John F. Benjamin Palmyra. Henry T. Blow St. Louis. MISSOURI. SENATORS. .St Louis. | John B. Henderson. REPRESENTATIVES. .Louisiana. John Hogan St. Louis. John R. Kelso Springfield. Benjamin F. Loan St. Joseph. Joseph W. McClurg Linn Creek. Thomas E. Noell Perry ville. Robert T. Van Horn.. Kansas City. NEVADA. SENATORS. James "W. Nye Carson City. | William M. Stewart Virginia City. REPRESENTATIVE. Delos R. Ashley Virginia City. NEW HAMPSHIRE. SENATORS. Daniel Clark 1 Manchester. I George G. Fogg 2 Concord. Aaron II. Cragin Lebanon. [ REPRESENTATIVES. Gilinan Marston Exeter. | James W. Patterson Hanover. | Edward H. Rollins Concord. 1 Resigned July, 1866. 2 Appointed in place of Daniel Clark, resigned; took his seat Dec. 3, 1866. NEW JERSEY. SENATORS. Alexander G. Cattell * Camden. Frederick T. Frelinghuysen 2 Newark. John P. Stockton 8 Trenton. William Wright 4 Newark. William A. Newell Allentown. Andrew J. Rogers Newton. REPRESENTATIVES. Charles Sitgreaves Phillipsburg. John F. Starr Camden. Edwin R. V. Wright. .Hudson City. Elected in place of John P. Stockton, whose seat was declared vacant ; took his seat Dec. 3, 1866. William Wright, deceased; took his seat Dec. 3, 1866. 3 Seat declared vacant March 27, 1866. 2 Appointed in place of Died Nov. 1, 1866. Ira Harris NEW YORK. SENATORS. .Albany. | Edward D. Morgan, .New York. Tennis G. Bergen . . . .New Utrecht. James Brooks * New York. John W. Chanler New York. Roseoe Conkling Utica. William A. Darling New York. Thomas T. Davis Syracuse. William E. Dodge 2 New York. Charles Goodyear Schoharie. John A. Griswold Troy. Robert S. Hale Elizabethtown. Roswell Hart Rochester. REPRESENTATIVES. Sidney T. Holmes Morrisville. Giles W. Hotchkiss . . .Binghamton. Demas Hubbard, jun Smyrna. Edwin L. Hubbell Coxsackie. Calvin T. Hulburd. . .Brasher Falls. James Humphrey 3 Brooklyn. James M. Humphrey Buffalo. John W. Hunter 4 Brooklyn. Morgan Jones New York. John H. Ketcham Dover. Addison H. Laflin Herkimer. Jas. M. Marvin. . .Saratoga Springs. Daniel Morris Penn Yan. Theodore M. Pomeroy Auburn. William Radford Yonkers. Henry J. Raymond New York. Stephen Taber Roslyn. Nelson Taylor New York. Henry Van Aernam. . Franklinville. Burt Van Horn Newfane. Hamilton Ward Belrnont. Charles H. Winfield., Goshen. 1 Election successfully contested by William E. Dodge. 2 Successfully contested the election of James Brooks ; took his seat April 7, 1866. " Died June 16, 1866. * Elected in place of James Humphrey, deceased; took his seat Dec. 4, 1866. NORTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. (Vacant.) REPRESENTATIVES. (Vacant.) John Sherman. OHIO. SENATORS. , Mansfield. | Benjamin F. Wade *. Elected president pro tern. March 2, 1867. .Jefferson. THE THIRTY-NINTH CONGRESS. James M. Ashley Toledo. John A. Bingham Cadiz. Ralph P. Buckland Fremont. Hezekiah S. Buudy Reed s Mill. Reader W. Clarke Batavia. Columbus Delano 1 Mt. Vernon. Ephraim R. Eckley Carrollton. REPRESENTATIVES. Benjamin Eggleston Cincinnati. William E. Finck Somerset. James A. Garlield Hiram. Rutherford B. Hayes Cincinnati. James R. Hubbell Delaware. William Lawrence Belief onte. Francis C. Le Blond Celina. Tobias A. Plants Pomeroy. Robert C. Schenck Dayton. Samuel Shellabarger Springfield. Ruf us P. Spalding Cleveland. Martin Welker Wooster. 1 Election unsuccessfully contested by Charles Follett. OREGON. SENATORS. Jame3 W. Nesmith Salem. | George H. Williams REPRESENTATIVE. Jamea H. D. Henderson Portland. .Eugene City. PENNSYLVANIA. SENATORS. Charles R. Buckalew. Bloomsburg. | Edgar Cowan . .Greensburg. Sydenham E. Ancona Reading. Abraham A. Barker Edenburg. Benjamin M. Boyer Norristown. John M. Broomhall Media. Alexander H. Coff roth 1 . .Somerset. Charles V. Culver Franklin. John L. Dawson 2 Brownsville. Charles Denison Wilkesbarre. Adam J. Glossbrenner York. 1 Took his seat Feb. 19, 18CG ; election by Smith Fuller. Died Jan. 29, 1807. 18, 1806. REPRESENTATIVES . Philip Johnson 3 Eastern. William D. Kelley Philadelphia. William H. Koontz 4 Somerset. George V. Lawrence, Monongahela City. Ulysses Mercur Towanda. George F. Miller Louisburg. James K. Moorhead Pittsburg. Leonard Myers Philadelphia. successfully contested by William H. Koontz. 2 Election unsuccessfully contested 4 Successfully contested the election of Alexander H. Coif roth ; took his seat July RHODE ISLAND. Charles O Neill Philadelphia. Samuel J. Randall Philadelphia. Glennie W. Scofield Warren. Thaddeus Stevens Lancaster. Myer Strouse Pottsville. M. Russell Thayer . .Chestnut Hill. Thomas Williams Pittsburg. Stephen F. Wilson Wellsborc?. SENATORS. Henry B. Anthony Providence. | William Sprague Providence. REPRESENTATIVES. Nathan F. Dixon. Westerly. | Thomas A. Jenckes Providence. Joseph S. Fowler 1 . SOUTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. (Vacant.) REPRESENTATIVES. (Vacant. ) TENNESSEE. SENATORS. .Nashville. I David T. Patterson 2 .. .Greeneville. REPRESENTATIVES. Samuel M. Arnell s Columbia. William B. Campbell 3 . . . .Lebanon. Edmund Cooper 1 Shelby ville. William B. Stokes 4 Liberty. Nathan 1 J. Taylor 4 . .Happy Valley. Isaac R. Hawkins 3 ... .Huntingdon. John W. Leftwich 1 Memphis. Horace Maynard 4 Knoxville. Took his seat July 25, 1866. * Took his seat July 28, 1806. 3 Took his seat Dec. 3, 1866; election unsuccessfully contested by Dorsey B. Thomas. * Took his seat July 24, 1866. TEXAS. SENATORS. (Vacant.) REPRESENTATIVES. (Vacant.) VERMONT. SENATORS. George F. Edmunds * Burlington. Solomon Foot 2 Rutland. Luke P. Poland 8 . 2 Died March 28, 1866. 1 Elected in place of Solomon Foot, deceased ; took his seat Dec. 3, 1866. 2 Died March 28, 181 Jacob Collauier, deceased Nov. 8, 1865; took his seat Dec. 4, 186o. , St. Johnsbury. 3 Appointed in place of 172 CONGEESSIONAL DIRECTORY. REPRESENTATIVES. Portus Baxter Derby Line. | Justin S. Morrill Strafford. | Fred. E. Woodbridge. . .Vergennes. VIRGINIA. SENATORS. (Vacant.) BEPRESENTATIVES. (Vacant.) WEST VIRGINIA. SENATORS. PeterG. Van "Winkle Parkersburg. | WaitmanT. Willey Morgantown. REPRESENTATIVES. Chester D. Hubbard Wheeling. | George R. Latham Grafton. | Killian V. Whaley Pt. Pleasant. WISCONSIN. SENATORS. James R. Doolittle Racine. | Timothy O. Howe Green Bay. REPRESENTATIVES. Amasa Cobb Mineral Point. I Walter D. Mclndoe Warsaw. I Philetus Sawyer Oshkosh. Charles A. Eldridge. .Fond du Lac. | Halbert E. Paine Milwaukee. | Ithamar C. Sloan Janes ville. ARIZONA TERRITORY. DELEGATE. JohnN. Goodwin Prescott. COLORADO TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Allen A. Bradford Denver. DAKOTA TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Walter A, Burleigh Yankton. IDAHO TERRITORY. DELEGATE. E. D. Holbrook. Idaho City. . MONTANA TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Samuel McLean. Bannack City. NEBRASKA TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Phineas W. Hitchcock Omaha. TERRITORY OF NEW MEXICO. DELEGATE. J. Francisco Chaves Santa F<5. UTAH TERRITORY. DELEGATE. William H. Hooper Salt Lake City. WASHINGTON TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Arthur H. Denny Seattle. THE FORTIETH CONGRESS. 173 THE FOKTIETH CONGBESS. Pint Session, from March 4, 1867, to March 30, 1867 ; July 3, 1867, to July 20, 1867 ; Nov. 21, 1867, to Dec. 2, 1867. Second Session, from Dec. 2, 1867, to July 27, 1868 ; Sept. 21, 1868, to Sept. 21, 1868 ; Oct. 16, 1868, to Oct. 16, 1868 ; Nov. 10, 1868, to Nov. 10, 1868. Third Session, from Dec. 7, 1868, to March 3, 1869. Vice-President* President of the Senate pro tempore. BENJAMIN F. WADE of Ohio. Secretaries of the Senate. JOHN W. FORNEY of Pennsylvania; GEORGE C. GORHAM of California, elected June 4, 18(38. Speakers of the House. SCHUYLEB COLFAX of Indiana; THEODORE M. POMEKOY of New York, elected March 3, 1869. Clerk of the House. EDWARD McPnERSox of Pennsylvania. 1 Andrew Johnson became President by the death of Abraham Lincoln. ALABAMA. SENATORS. George E. Spencer ! Decatur. | Willard Warner * Montgomery. REPRESENTATIVES. Charles W. Buckley 2 . Montgomery. John B. Callis 2 Huntsvill e. Thomas Haughey 2 Decatur. I Benjamin W. Norris 2 Elmore. Francis W. Kellogg 3 Mobile. | Charles W. Pierce 2 Demopolis. James Hinds * . Logan H. Hoots 2 Devall s Bluff. i Took his seat July 25, 1868. 2 Took his seat July 21, 1868. Took his seat July 22, 1B68. ARKANSAS. SENATORS. Alexander McDonald J Little Rock. | Benjamin F. Rice 1 , Little Rock. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas Boles 2 Dardanelle. James T. Elliott 3 Camdeu. * Took his seat June 23, 18C8. 2 Took his seat June 24. 1808. Elected in place of James Hinds, deceased; took his seat Jan. 13, 18C9. * Took his seat Juno 24, 1868; died Oct. 22, 1868. CALIFORNIA. SENATORS. Cornelius Cole San Francisco. | John Conness Georgetown. REPRESENTATIVES. Samuel B. Axtell 1 . .San Francisco. | William Higby * Calaveras. | James A. Johnson 1 . . .Downieville. i Took his seat Nov. 21, 1867. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. James Dixon Hartford. | Orris S. Ferry Norwalk. REPRESENTATIVES. William H. Barnum 1 Lime Rock. Julius Hotchkiss Middletown, Richard D. Hubbard Hartford. Henry H. Starkweather Norwich. 1 Seat unsuccessfully contested. DELAWARE. SENATORS. James A. Bayard * Wilmington. I Willard Saulsbury Georgetown. George Read Riddle 2 Wilmington. | 1 Appointed in place of George Read Riddle, deceased; took hia seat April 1, 1867. a Died March 29, 1867. 174 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. BEPRESENTATIVE. John A. Nicholson. Dover. FLORIDA. SENATORS. Thomas W. Osborn !...,...,,,,, Pensacola. | Adonijah S. "Welch 2 . .Jacksonville. REPEESENTATIVE. Charles M. Hamilton 3 Marianna. Took his seat June 30, 1868. * Took Ms seat July 2, 1868. Took Ms seat July 1, 1868. Joseph W. Clift 1 Savannah. W. P. Edwards * Butler. GEORGIA. SENATOES. (Vacant.) REPEESENTATIVES. Samuel F. Goye 1 ... .Griswoldville. Charles H. Prince x Augusta. * Took Ms seat July 25, 1868. Nelson Tift* P.M. B. Young i... Albany. ... Carters ville. Lyman Tmmbull. Jehu Baker Belleville. Henry P. H. Bromw ell. Charleston. Albert G. Burr "Winchester. Burton C. Cook Ottowa. Shelby M. Cullom Springfield. ILLINOIS. SENATOES. Chicago. | Richard Yates . . , REPRESENTATIVES. John F. Farnsworth ... St. Charles. Abner C. Harding Monmouth. Ebon C. Ingersoll Peoria. Norman B. Judd Chicago. John A. Logan Carbondale. .Jacksonville. Samuel S. Marshall, McLeansborough. Green B. Raum Harrisburg. Lewis W. Ross Lewiston. Ellihu B. "Washburne Galena. Thomas A. Hendricks , John Coburn Indianapolis. Schuyler Coif ax l South Bend. "William S. Holman Aurora. Morton C. Hunter. . . .Bloomington. INDIANA. SENATORS. . . . .Indianapolis. | Oliver P. Morton. . EEPEESENTATIVES. George W. Julian Centreville. Michael C. Kerr New Albany. "William E. Niblack Vincennes. Godlove S. Orth Lafayette. 1 Elected speaker March 4, 1867. .Indianapolis. John P. C. Shanks Jay C. H. Henry D. Washburn Clinton. William "Williams "Warsaw. James W. Grimes. "William B. Allison Dubuque. Greuville M. Dodge. Council Bluffs. IOWA, SENATORS. Burlington. | James Harlan . . , EEPEESENTATIVES. Asahel W. Hubbard. . . .Sioux City. William Loughridge . . . .Oskaloosa. .Mt. Pleasant. Hiram Price Davenport. James F. Wilson Fairneld. KANSAS. SENATORS. Samuel C. Pomeroy Atchison. | Edmund G. Ross Lawrence. REPRESENTATIVE. Sidney Clarke Lawrence. Garrett Davis Paris. James Guthrie l Louisville. KENTUCKY. SENATORS. Thomas C. McCreery 2 .Owensborough. George M. Adams 3 . .Barboursville. James B. Beck 4 Lexington. Jacob S. Golladav 5 Allensville. REPRESENTATIVES. Asa P. Grover 4 Louisville. Thomas L. Jones 6 Newport. J. Proctor Knott 4 Louisville. Samuel McKee 7 Mt. Sterling. Lawrence S. Trimble 8 . . . .Paducah. 1 Resigned February, 1S68. 2 Elected in place of James Guthrie. resigned ; took bis seat Feb. 28, 1808. 8 Took bis seat July 8, 1K>7. * Took bis seat Dec. 3, 1807. 6 Elected in place of Elijah Hiso, deceased May 8, 1807 ; took his seat Dec. 5, 1867. o Took bis scat Dec. 4, 1SG7. 7 Successfully contested the election of John D. Young; took Ms seat June 22, 1868. Election unsuccessfully contested by G. G. Syrames; took Ms seat Jan. 10, 1868. THE FORTIETH CONGRESS. 175 LOUISIANA. SENATORS. John S. Harris *.. , Vidalia. | William Pitt Kellogg 1 New Orleans. REPRESENTATIVES . "W. Jasper Blackburn 2 Homer. I Joseph P. Newsham 2 .Francesville. I Michael Vidal 2 Opelousas. James Mann 2 New Orleans. | J. H. Sypher 2 New Orleans. | i Took Ms seat July 17, 1868. 2 Took his seat July 18, 1868. MAINE. SENATORS. William Pitt Fessenden , Portland. | Lot M. Morrill Augusta. REPRESENTATIVES. Sidney Perham Paris. I Frederick A. Pike Calais. John A. Peters Bangor. | MARYLAND. SENATORS. Reverdy Johnson 1 Baltimore. I W. Pinckney Whyte 8 Baltimore. George Vickers 2 Chestertown. | REPRESENTATIVES. Stevenson Archer Belair. I Charles E. Phelps 4 Baltimore. Hiram McCullough Elkton. | Frederick Stone Port Tobacco. 1 Resigned July 10, 1868. 2 Elected in place of P. P. Thomas, rejected ; took his seat March 9, 1868. * Appointed in place of Reverdy Johnson, resigned; took his seat July 14, 1868. * Election unsuccessfully contested by J. J. Stewart. MASSACHUSETTS. SENATORS. Charles Sumner Boston. | Henry Wilson Natick. REPRESENTATIVES. James G. Blaine Augusta. John Lynch Portland. Francis Thomas Frankville. Oakes Ames North Easton. John D. Baldwin Worcester. Nathaniel P. Banks Waltham. George S. Bout well Groton. Benjamin F. Butler Gloucester. Henry L. Dawes Pittsfield. Thomas D. Eliot New Bedford. Samuel Hooper Boston. Ginery Twichell Brookline. William B. Washburn . .Greenfield. MICHIGAN. SENATORS. Zachariah Chandler Detroit. | Jacob M. Howard. Detroit. REPRESENTATIVES. Fernando C. Beaman Adrian. I John F. Driggs East Saginaw. I R. E. Trowbridge Birmingham. Austin Blair Jackson. | Thomas W. Ferry . . . Grand Haven. | Charles Upson Cold Water. MINNESOTA. SENATORS. DanielS. Norton Winona. | Alexander Ramsey St. Paul. REPRESENTATIVES. Ignatius Donnelly Hastings. | William Windom Winona. MISSISSIPPI. SENATORS. (Vacant.) REPRESENTATIVES. (Vacant. ) MISSOURI. * SENATORS. Charles D. Drake St. Louis. | John B. Henderson Louisiana. 176 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. George "W. Anderson *. . .Louisiana. John F. Benjamin Shelby ville. Joseph J. Gravely Stockton. Benjamin F. Loan St. Joseph. REPRESENTATIVES . Joseph "W. McClurg 2 .. .Linn Creek. James R. McCormick 3 Ironton. Carman A. Newconib . . . . Vin eland. Thomas E. Noell * Perry ville. William A. Pile 5 St. Louis. John H. Stover 6 Versailles. Robert T. Van Horn 7 . Kansas City. 1 Election unsuccessfully contested by William F. Switzler. 2 Resigned in 1868. 8 Elected in place of Thomas E. Noell. deceased ; took his seat Dec. 17, 1867. * Died Oct. 4, 1867. 8 Election unsuccessfully contested by John Hogan. 6 Elected in place of Joseph \V. McClurg, resigned ; took hid seat Doc. 7, 1868. 7 Election unsuccessfully contested by James H. Birch. NEBRASKA. SENATORS. John M. Thayer Omaha. | Thomas W. Tipton Brownville. REPRESENTATIVE. JolmTaffo Omaha. NEVADA. SENATORS. James W. Nye Carson City. | "William M. Stewart Virginia City. REPRESENTATIVE. Delos R. Ashley Austin. NEW HAMPSHIRE. SENATORS. Aaron H. Cragin Lebanon. | James W. Patterson Hanover. REPRESENTATIVES. Jacob Benton Lancaster. | Jacob H. Ela Rochester. | Aaron P. Stevens Nashua. NEW JEESEY. SENATORS. Alexander G. Cattell Camden. | Frederick T. Frelinghuysen. Newark. REPRESENTATIVES. Charles Haight Freehold. I John Hill Boonton. I Charles Sitgreaves. . . .Phillipsburg. George A. Halsey Newark. | William Moore May s Landing. | NEW YORK. SENATORS. Roscoe Conkling TJtica. | Edwin D. Morgan New York. REPRESENTATIVES. Alexander H. Bailey x Rome. James M. Humphrey Buffalo. William E. Robinson Brooklyn. Demas Barnes Brooklyn. William H. Kelsey Geneseo. Lewis Selye Rochester. James Brooks New York. John H. Ketcham Dover. Thomas E. Stewart New York. John W. Chanler New York. Addison H. Larlin Herkimer. Stephen Taber Roslyn. John C. Churchill Oswego. William S. Lincoln Owego. Henry Van Aernam .Franklin ville. Thomas Cornell Eondout. James M. Marvin. Saratoga Springs. Burt Van Horn Lockport. Orange Ferriss Glen s Falls. Dennis McCarthy Syracuse. Chas. H. Van Wyck. . .Middle town. William C. Fields Laurens. John Morrissey New York. Hamilton Ward Belmont. John Fox New York. Theodore M. Pomeroy 2 . . . . Auburn. Fernando Wood New York. John A. (Iriswold Troy. John V. L. Pruyn Albany. Calvin T. Hulburd. . .Brasher Falls. William H. Robertson Katonah. 1 Elected hi place of Roscoe Conkling, elected senator; took his seat Nov. 30, 1867. * Elected speaker March 3, 1869. Joseph C. Abbott l NORTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. .Wilmington. | John Pool l Elizabeth City. REPRESENTATIVES. Nathaniel Boyden 2 Salisbury. John T. Deweese 3 Raleigh. Oliver H. Dockery 2 .Richmond Co. John R. French 3 Edenton. David Heaton 4 Newbern. Alexander H. Jones 3 . . .Ashe ville. Israel G. Lash 6 Salem. Took his seat July 17, 1868. * Took his seat July 13, 1868. Took his seat July 6, 1868. 6 Took his seat July 20, 1868. Took bis seat July 15, 1868. THE FORTIETH CONGRESS. 177 John Sherman. OHIO. SENATORS. .Mansfield. | Benjamin P. Wade 1 REPRESENTATIVES. .Jefferson. James M. Ashley Toledo. John Beatty 2 Cardington. John A. Bingham Cadiz. Ralph 3 J . Buckland Fremont. Samuel F. Carey 3 Cincinnati. Reader W. Clarke Batavia. Columbus Delano * Mt. Vernon. Ephraiui R. Eckley Carrollton. 1 President pro Benjamin Eggleston Cincinnati. James A. Gariield Hiram. Cornelius S. Hamilton 5 .Marysville. Rutherford B. Hayes 6 . . Cincinnati. William Lawrence. . .Belief ontaine. George W. Morgan ?.. . .Mt. Vernon. William Mnngen Findley. Tobias A. Plants Pomeroy. Robert C. Schenck Dayton. Samuel Shellabarger . . . Springfield. Ilufus P. Spalding Cleveland. Philadelph Van Trump. .Lancaster. Martin Welker Wooster. John T. Wilson Tranquillity. Elected in tern. * Elected in place of Cornelius S. Hamilton, deceased ; took his seat Feb. 5 1868 place of Rutherford B. Hayes, resigned; took his seat Nov. 21, 1807. * Successfully contested the seat of George W Morgan- took his seat Juno 3 1868. R ^^^^ ri^/* oo IQC? n i:>^.,:,,~^ : -tovr i T7ilj-; *..TI _ . , , *? . ~ , Delano. icoigiicu, iA^x w.o ooa,u j^<_>v. *i, j.ou i . - o uuocBsi iuiy coi nesieu tue seat 01 lieorce w Morgan- 6 Died Dec. 22, 1867. Resigned in 1867. Election successfully contested by Coluinbua OREGON. SENATORS. Henry W. Corbett Portland. | George H. Williams Portland. REPRESENTATIVE. Rufus Mallory Salem. Charles R. Buckalew. Benjamin M. Boyer. . . .Norristown. John M. Broomall Media. Henry L. Cake Tamaqua. John Covode Lockport. Charles Denison l Wilkesbarre. Oliver J. Dickey 2 Lancaster. J. Lawrence Getz Reading. Adam J. Glossbrenner York. Darwin A. Finney 8 Meadville. PENNSYLVANIA. SENATORS. . . . .Bloomsburg. | Simon Cameron. REPRESENTATIVES. William D. Kelley Philadelphia. William H. Koontz Somerset. G. V. Lawrence. Monongahela City. Ulysses Mercur Towanda. George F. Miller Louisburg. James K. Moorhead Pittsbnrg. Daniel J. Morrell Johnstown. Leonard Myers Philadelphia. Charles O Neill Philadelphia. .Harrisburg. Newton S. Pettis 4 Meadville. Samuel J. Randall. . . .Philadelphia. Glenni W. Scofield Warren. Thaddeus Stevens 5 Lancaster. Caleb N. Taylor Bristol. Daniel M. Van Auken Milford. Thomas Williams Pittsburg. Stephen F. Wilson . . Wellsborough. Geo. W. Woodward 6 ..Wilkesf>arre. 1 Died June 27, 1867. 2 Elected in place of Thaddeus Stevens, deceased; took his seat Dec. 7, 1868. s Died Aug. 25, 1868. * Elected in place of Darwin A. Finnoy, deceased ; took his seat Dec. 7, 1868. 6 Died Aug. 11, 1868. 6 Elected in place of Charles Denison, deceased; took his seat Nov. 21, 1867. RHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. Henry B. Anthony Providence. | William Sprague Providence. REPRESENTATIVES. Nathan F. Dixon. Westerly. | Thomas A. Jenckes Cumberland. SOUTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. Thomas J. Robertson 1 Columbia. | Frederick A. Sawyer * Bolton. REPRESENTATIVES. C. C. Bowen 2. . . . . .Charleston. | James H. Goss 4 TTniqn C. H. Simeon Corley 8 Lexington. Took his seat July 22, 1868. Took his seat July 20, 1868. B. Frank Whittemore 4 Darlington. Took his seat July 25, 1868. Took his seat July 18, 1868. TENNESSEE. SENATORS. Joseph S. Fowler ! Nashville. | David T. Patterson 2 Greeneville. REPRESENTATIVES. Samuel M. Arnoll 3 Columbia. Roderick R. Butler 4 . . .Wytheville. Isaac R. Hawkins 8 .. . .Huntingdon. 1 Took his seat July 25, 1866. 2 Took his seat July 26, 1866. Horace Maynard 3 Knoxville. James Mullins 3 Shelbyville. David A. Nuun 3 Brownsville. Took his seat Nov. 21, 1867. William B. Stokes 8 Alexandria. John Trimble 8 Nashville. Took his seat June 26, 1868. 178 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. TEXAS. SENATORS. (Vacant. ) BEPRESENTATIVES. (Vacant.) VERMONT. SENATORS. GeorgeF. Edmunds Burlington. | Justin S. Morrill Strafford. REPRESENTATIVES. Luke P. Poland St. Johnsbury. | Worthington C. Smith .St. Alban s. | Fred. E. Woodbridge. . .Vergennea. VIRGINIA, SENATORS. (Vacant. ) REPRESENTATIVES. (Vacant.) WEST VIRGINIA. SENATORS. Peter G. Van Winkle Parkersburg. | WaitmanT. Willey Morgantown. REPRESENTATIVES. Chester D. Hubbard Wheeling. | Bethuel M. Kitchen. . .Martinsburg. | Daniel Polsley Point Pleasant. WISCONSIN. SENATORS. James R. Doolittle Racine. | Timothy O. Howe ....Green Bay. REPRESENTATIVES. Amasa Cobb Mineral Point. I Benjamin F. Hopkins Madison. I Philetus Sawyer Oshkosh. Charles A. Eldridge . .Fond du Lac. | Halbert E. Paine Milwaukee. | C. C. Washburn La Crosse. ARIZONA TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Coles Bashford Tucson. COLORADO TERRITORY. DELEGATE. George M. Chilcott Excelsior. DAKOTA TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Walter A. Burleigh Yankton. IDAHO TERRITORY. DELEGATE. E. D. Holbrook Idaho City. MONTANA TERRITORY. DELEGATE. James M. Cavanaugh Helena. TERRITORY OF NEW MEXICO. DELEGATE. Charles P. Clever * Santa Fe". i Election unsuccessfully contested by J. F. Cliaves. UTAH TERRITORY. DELEGATE. William M. Hooper. Salt Lake City. WASHINGTON TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Alvan Flanders Walla Walla. THE FORTY-FIRST CONGRESS. 179 THE FOETY-FIEST CONGRESS. First Session, from March 4, 1869, to April 10, 1869. Second Session, from Dec. 6, 1869, to July 15, 1870. Third Session, from Dec. 5, 1870, to March 3, 1871. Vice-President. SCHTJYLER COLFAX of Indiana. President of the Senate pro tempore. HENRY B. ANTHONY of Rhode Island, elected March 23, 1869; again elected April 9, 18G9; again elected May 28, 1870; again elected July 1, 1870; and again elected July 14, 1870. Secretary of the Senate. GEORGK C. GORHAM of California. Speaker of the House. JAMES G. ELAINE of Maine. Clerk of the House. EDWARD MCPHERSON of Penn sylvania. ALABAMA. SENATORS. George E. Spencer Decatur. | Willard Warner Montgomery. REPRESENTATIVES. Alfred E. Buck 1 Mobile. I Peter M. Dox 2 Huntsville. I Robert S. Heflin 2 Wedowee. Charles W. Buckley I.Montgomery. | Charles Hays 2 Eutaw. | William C. Sherrod 2 . . . .Courtland. i Took his seat Dec. 6, 1869. * Took Ms seat Dec. 7, 1869. ARKANSAS. SENATORS. Alexander McDonald Little Rock. | Benjamin F. Rice Little Rock. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas Boles Dardanelle. | Anthony A. C. Rogers. .Pine Bluff. | Logan H. Roots Duvall s Bluff. CALIFORNIA. SENATORS. Eugene Casserly San Francisco. | Cornelius Cole San Francisco. REPRESENTATIVES. Samuel B. Axtell.. ..San Francisco. | James A. Johnson Downieville. | Aaron A. Sargent . . . .Nevada City. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. William A. Buckingham Norwich. | Orris S. Ferry Norwalk. REPRESENTATIVES. William H. Barnum J Lime Rock. I Henry H. Starkweather 2 Norwich. Stephen W. Kellogg 2 Waterbury. | Julius L. Strong 2 . Hartford. 1 Took his seat Dec. 6, 1869. 2 Took Ms seat April 9, 1869. DELAWARE. SENATORS. Thomas Francis Bayard * Wilmington. | Willard Saulsbury Georgetown. REPRESENTATIVE. Benjamin T. Biggs Summit Ridge. 1 Elected in place of George Read Riddle, deceased. James A. Bayard having been appointed pro tern. ; took Ms seat March 4, 1809. 180 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. FLOEIDA. SENATORS. Abijah Gilbert , St. Augustine. | Thomas "W. Osborn. .Pensacola. REPRESENTATIVE. Charles M. Hamilton Marianna. GEOKGIA. Joshua HiU 1 . Marion Bethune 8 Talbotton. Stephen A. Corker 4 . .Waynesboro . Jeft erson F. Long 2 Macon. SENATORS. Madison. ( H. V. M. Miller 2 . REPRESENTATIVES. William W. Paine 5 Savannah. "William P. Price 2 Dahlonega. Richard H. Whiteley 6 . .Bainbridge. Pierce M. B. Young 2 . .Cartersville. 1 Took Ms seat Jan. 30, 1871. 2 Took his seat Feb. 24, 1871. 3 Took his seat Jan. 16, 1871. * Election unsuccessfully contested by Thomas P. Beard; took his seat Jan. 24, 1871. 6 Took his seat Jan. 23, 1871. 8 Election unsuccessfully con tested by Nelson Tift; took his seat Feb. 9, 1871. ILLINOIS. Lyman Trumbull. SENATORS. . Chicago. | Richard Yates . .Jacksonville. Horatio C. Burchard 1 Freeport. Albert G. Burr Carrollton. Burton C. Cook Ottawa. John M. Crebs Carmi. Shelby M. Cullom Springfield. REPRESENTATIVES. John F. Farnsworth St. Charles. John B. Haw ley Rock Island. John B. Hay Belleville. Ebon C. Ingersoll Peoria. Norman B. Judd Chicago. John A Logan Carbondale. Sain l S. Marshall.McLeansborough. Thompson W. McNeely .Petersburg. Jesse H. Moore Decatur. Ellihu B. Washburne 2 Galena. Elected in place of Ellihu B. Washburne, resigned; took his seat Dec. 6, 1869. 2 Resigned March 6, 1869. Oliver P. Morton John Coburn Indianapolis. William S. Holman Aurora. George W. Julian * Centreville. Michael C. Kerr New Albany. INDIANA. SENATORS. Indianapolis. | Daniel D. Pratt.. REPRESENTATIVES. William E. Niblack Vincennes. Godlove S. Orth Lafayette. Jasper Packard La Porte. John P. C. Shanks Jay C. H. .Logansport. James N. Tyner 2 Peru. Daniel W. Voorhees . .Terre Haute. William Williams Warsaw. 1 Election unsuccessfully contested by John S. Reid. 2 Elected in place of Daniel D. Pratt, elected senator; took his seat March 4, 1869. IOWA. SENATORS. James W. Grimes * Burlington. I James B. Howell 2 Keokuk. James Harlan Mt. Pleasant. | REPRESENTATIVES. William B. Allison Dubuque. George W. McCrary. . . Keokuk. I Charles Pomeroy Fort Dodge. William Loughridge Oskaloosa. Frank W. Palmer . Des Moines. | William Smyth Marion. 1 Resigned Dec. 6, 1869. 2 Elected in place of James W. Grimes, resigned; took his seat Jan. 26, 1870. KANSAS. SENATORS. Samuel C. Pomeroy Atchison. | Edmund G. Ross Lawrence. REPRESENTATIVE. Sidney Clarke. .Lawrence. Garrett Davis , KENTUCKY. SENATORS. .Paris. | Thomas C. McCreery. .Owensborough. George M. Adams l . ..Barboursville. James B. Beck Lexington. J. S. Golladay 2 ... . Allensville. Thomas L. Jones Newport. Lawrence S. Trimble Paducah. Boyd Winchester Louisville. REPRESENTATIVES. J. Proctor Knott Lebanon. Joseph H. Lewis 3 Glasgow. John M. Rice 4 Louisa. Win. N. Sweeney . .Owensborough. 1 Election unsuccessf ully contested by S. M. Barnes. 2 Resigned Feb. 28, 1870. 8 Elected in place of J. S. Golladay, resigned ; took his seat May 10, 1870. 4 Election unsuccessfully contested by John T. Zeigler. THE FORTY-FIRST CONGRESS. 181 John S. Harris. LOUISIANA. SENATORS. .Vidalia. | William Pitt Kellogg. .New Orleans. Chester B. Darrall * Brash ear. Frank Morey 2 Monroe. REPRESENTATIVES. Jos. P. Newsham 8 .St. Francisville. Lionel A. Sheldon 4 . .New Orleans. J. Hale Sypher 5 New Orleans. i Election unsuccessfully contested by Adolf Bailey; took Ms seat July 7, 1869. 2 Election unsuccessfully contested by G. "W. McCrani j ; took his seat Dec. 6, 1870. 3 Successfully contested the election of Michael Ryan ; took his scat May 25. 1870. * Election unsuccessfully contested by Caleb S. Hunt; took his seat April 8, 1869. 6 Election unsuccessfully con tested by Mr. St. Martin; took his seat Dec. 5, 1870. MAINE. SENATORS. William Pitt Fessenden 1 Portland. Lot M. Morrill 2 . , Hannibal Hamlin Bangor. REPRESENTATIVES. John Lynch Portland. Samuel P. Morrill Farinimrton. .Augusta. James G. Blaine 3 Augusta. Eugene Hale Ellsworth. John A. Peters Bangor. Died Sept. 8, 1869. 2 Appointed in place of William Pitt Fessenden, deceased; took his seat Dec. 6, 1869. speaker March 4, 1869. Elected MARYLAND. SENATORS. William T. Hamilton l Hagerstown. | George Vickers Chestertown. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas Swann. . . . . Baltimore. Stevenson Archer Belair. Samuel Hambleton Easton. Patrick Hamill Oakland. Frederick Stone Port Tobacco. 1 Elected in place of Reverdy Johnson, resigned in 1868, W. Pinckney Whyte having been appointed pro tern. ; took his seat March 4, 1869. MASSACHUSETTS. SENATORS. Charles Sumner Boston. | Henry Wilson Natick Oakes Ames North Easton. Nathaniel P. Banks Waltham. George S. Bout well i Groton. George M. Brooks 2 Concord. REPRESENTATIVES. James Buffinton Fall River. Benjamin F. Butler Lowell. Henry L. Dawes Pittsfield. George F. Hoar Worcester. Samuel Hooper Boston. Ginery Twichell Brookline. William B. Washburn . .Greenfield. Resigned March 12, 1869, having been appointed Secretary of the Treasury. resigned ; took his seat Dec. 6, 1869. 2 Elected in place of George S. Boutwell, MICHIGAN. SENATORS. Zachariah Chandler Detroit. | Jacob M. Howard. REPRESENTATIVES. Omar D. Conger Port Huron. Thomas W. Ferry Graud Haven. MINNESOTA. SENATORS. .Detroit. Fernando C. Beaman Adrian. Austin Blair Jackson. William L. Stoughton Sturgis. Randolph Strickland St. John s. Daniel S. Norton 1 Winona. Alexander Ramsey St. Paiil. Ozora P. Stearns 2 Rochester. William WindomS Winona. REPRESENTATIVES. Morton S. Wilkinson Mankato. | Eugene M. Wilson Minneapolis. 1 Died July 13. 1870. 2 Elected in place of Daniel S. Norton, deceased, William Windom having been appointed pro tern.; took his seat Jan. 23, 1871. * Appointed in place of Daniel S. Norton, deceased; took his seat Dec. 5, 1870. Adelbert Ames l . MISSISSIPPI. SENATORS. .Natchez. | Hiram R. Revels 2 . .Natchez. REPRESENTATIVES. Henry W. Barry 8 Columbus. I George C. McKee 4 Vicksburg. I Legrand W. Perce 4 Natchez. George E. Harris 4 Heruando. | Joseph L. Morphis 4 Pontotoc. | 1 Took Ms seat April 1, 1870. 2 Took his seat Feb. 25, 1870. * Took his seat April 8, 1870. * Took Ms seat Feb. 23, 1870. 182 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Francis P. Blair, jun. 1 , Charles D. Drakes MISSOURI. SENATORS. St. Louis. I Carl Schurz St. Louis. .St. Louis. Joel F. Asper Chillicothe. John F. Benjamin Shelby ville. Sempronius H. Boyd. . .Springtield. REPRESENTATIVES-. Samuel S. Burdett Osceola. David P. Dyer 3 Louisiana. Gustavus A. Finkelnburg.St. Louis. James R. McCormick Irouton. Robert T. Van Horn 4 . Kansas City. Erastus Wells St. Louis. * Election unsuc- 1 Elected in place of Charles D. Drake, resigned; took his seat Jan. 25, 1871. * Resigned Dec. 19, 1870. s I cessfully contested by William F. Switzler. * Election unsuccessfully contested by Mr. Shields. NEBRASKA. SENATORS. John M. Thayer,, Omaha. | Thomas W. Tipton Brownville. REPRESENTATIVE. John Taffe Omaha. NEVADA. SENATORS. James W. Nye Carson City. | William M. Stewart Virginia City. REPRESENTATIVE. Thomas Fitch Belmont. NEW HAMPSHIRE. SENATORS. Aaron H. Cragin Lebanon. | James W. Patterson Hanover. REPRESENTATIVES. Jacob Benton Lancaster. | Jacob H. Ela Rochester. | Aaron F. Stevens Nashua. NEW JERSEY. SENATORS. Alexander G. Cattell Caniden. | John P. Stockton Trenton. REPRESENTATIVES. John T. Bird Flemington. I Charles Haight Freehold. I William Moore . . . .May s Landing. Orestes Cleveland Jersey City. | John Hill Boontou. | NEW YORK. SENATORS. Roscoe Conkling Utica. | Reuben E. Fenton Jamestown. REPRESENTATIVES. Alexander H. Bailey Rome. George W. Greene 2 Goshen. Clarkson N. Potter . .New Rochelle. David S. Bennett Buffalo. John A. Griswold Catskill. Henry A. Reeves Green Point. James Brooks New York. Charles H. Holmes 3 Albion. Stephen Sanford Amsterdam. Hervey C. Calkin New York. Giles W. Hotchkiss Binghamton. John G. Schumaker Brooklyn. John C. Churchill Oswego. William H. Kelsey Geneseo. Porter Sheldon Jamestown. George Vv r . Cowles Clyde. John H. Ketcham Dover. Henry W. Slocum Brooklyn. Samuel S. Cox New York. Charles Knapp Deposit. Adolphus II. Tanner Whitehall. Noah Davis * Albion. Addison H. Larlin Herkimer. Chas. H. Van Wyck 4 .Middletown. Orange Ferriss Glen s Falls. Stephen L. Mayham Schoharie. Hamilton Ward Belmont. John Fisher Batavia. Dennis McCarthy Syracuse. William A. Wheeler Malone. John Fox .New York. John Morrissey New York. Fernando Wood New York. 1 Resigned in 1870. 2 Seat successfully contested by Charles H. Van Wyck. * Elected in place of Noah Davis, resigned ; took his seat Dec. 6, 1870. * Successfully contested the election of George W. Greene; took his seat Feb. 17, 1870. Joseph C. Abbott Clinton L. Cobb Elizabeth City. John T. Deweese * Raleigh. Joseph Dixon 2 Hookerton. NORTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. Wilmington. | John Pool REPRESENTATIVES. Oliver H. Dockery Mangum. David Heaton 3 Newbern. Alexander H. Jones 4 Asheville. .Elizabeth City. Israel G. Lash Salem. John Manning, jun. 5 .Pittsborotigh. Francis E. Shober 6 Salisbury. i Resigned Feb. 28, 1870. * Elected in place of David Heaton. deceased; took his seat Dec. 5, 1S70. 3 Died June 25, 1870. Election unsuccessfully contested by Plato Durham. B Took his seat Dec. 7, 1870. Election unsuccessfully con tested by Nathaniel Boyden. THE FORTY-FIRST CONGRESS. 183 John Sherman. OHIO. SENATORS. .Mansfield. | Allen G. Thurman .Columbus. Jacob A. Ambler Salem. John Beatty Cardington. John A. Bingham Cadiz. Edward F. Dickenson Fremont. James A. Garrield Hiram. Truman H. Hoag * Belmont. William Lawrence. . .Bellefontaine. REPRESENTATIVES. Eliakim H. Moore Athens. George W. Morgan Mt. Vernon. William Mungen Findley. Erasmus D. Peck 2 Perrysburg. Robert C. Schenck Dayton. John A. Smith Hillsborough. Job E. Stevenson . . .Cincinnati. Peter W. Strader 8 Cincinnati. William H. Upson Akron. Philadelph Van Trump. .Lancaster. Martin Welker Wooster. John T. Wilson. Tranquillity. James J. Winans Xenia. * Died February, 1870. * Elected in place of Truman H. Iloag, deceased ; took Ms seat April 23. 1870. cessfully contested by Benjamin Eggleston. 8 Election unsuo OREGON. SENATORS. Henry W. Corbett Portland. | George H. Williams. .Portland. REPRESENTATIVE. Joseph S. Smith Salem. Simon Cameron.. Wm. H. Armstrong. .Williamsport. Henry L. Cake Tamaqua. John Cessna Bedford. John Covode ! Lor-kport. Oliver J. Dickey Lancaster. Joseph B. Donley Waynesburg. J. Lawrence ( retz Reading. Calvin W. Gilrillan Franklin. Richard J. Haldeman . .Harrisburg. PENNSYLVANIA. SENATORS. Harrisburg. I John Scott REPRESENTATIVES. William D. Kelley Philadelphia. Ulysses Mercar To wan da. John Moffet * Philadelphia. Daniel J. Morrell Jolmstown. Leonard Myers 3 Philadelphia. James S. Negley Pittsburg. Charles O Neill Philadelphia. John B. Packer Sunbury. Darwin Phelps Kittamiing. .Huntingdon. Samuel J. Randall Philadelphia. John 11. Heading 4 Sonierton. Glenni W. Scolield Warren. John D. Stiles Allentpwn. Caleb N. Taylor fi Bristol. Washington Townsend, West Chester. Daniel M. Van Auken Milford. Geo. W. Woodward. . .Wilkesbarre. 1 Election unsuccessfully contested by Henry D. Foster. 2 Election successfully contested by Leonard Myers. 8 Suc cessfully contested the election of John Moffet; took his seat April 9, 18CD. * Election successfully contested by Caleb N. Taylor. Successfully contested the election of John R. Reading; took his seat Dec. 6, 1870. RHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. Henry B. Anthony 1 Providence. | William Sprague Providence. REPRESENTATIVES. Nathan F. Dixon Westerly. | Thomas A. Jenckes Providence. 1 Elected president pro tern. March 23, 1869. Thomas J. Robertson. SOUTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. ..Columbia. | Frederick A. Sawyer, .Charlestown. REPRESENTATIVES. B. Frank Whittemore 4 . Darlington. C. C. Bowen Charleston. I Joseph H. Rainey 2 Georgetown. Solomon L. Hoge l Columbia. | Alexander S. Wallace 3 . . Yorkville. 1 Election unsuccessfully contested by J. P. Reed. 2 Elected in place of B. Frank Whittemore, who was refused his seat. Election unsuccessfully contested by William D. Simpson. 4 Resigned Feb. 23, 1870; subsequently re-elected, but refused admission June 21, 1870. William G. Brownlow. TENNESSEE. SENATORS. .Knoxville. | Joseph S. Fowler., .Nashville. Samuel M. Arnell Columbia. Roderick R. Butler Taylorsville. Isaac R. Hawkins Huntingdon. 1 Election unsuccessfully contested by Mr. Leftwich REPRESENTATI VES. Horace Maynard Knoxville. William F. Prosser Nashville. William J. Smith 1 Memphis. Election unsuccessfully contested by C. A. Sheafe. William B. Stokes Alexandria. Lewis Tillman 2 Shelbyville. 184 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. TEXAS. SENATORS. J. W. Flanagan 1 "Waiting s Ferry. | Morgan C. Hamilton 1 Austin. REPRESENTATIVES. William T. Clark i Galveston. John C. Conner 2 Sherman. Edward Degener 1 San Antonio. George W. Whitmore x Tyler. 1 Took his seat March 31, 1870. Took Ms seat March 31, 18TO ; election unsuccessfully contested by B. F. Graf ton. VERMONT. SENATORS. George F. Edmunds Burlington. | Justin S. Morrill Strafford. REPRESENTATIVES. Luke P. Poland St. Johnsbury. | Worthington C. Smith. .St. Alban a. | Charles W. Willard Montpelier. VIRGINIA. SENATORS. John W. Johnston l Abingdon. | John F. Lewis i Port Republic. REPRESENTATIVES. Richard S. Ayer 2 Warsaw. George W. Booker 8 . ..Martinsville. R. T. W. Duke 4 . . . .Charlottesville. James King Gibson 5 Abingdon. Lewis McKenzie 6 Alexandria. William Milnes, junJ.Sheuandoah. James H. Platt, jun. 7 . .Petersburg. Charles H. Porter 1 Richmond. Robert Ridgway 8 Cool Well. 1 Took his seat Jan. 24, 1870. 2 Took his seat Jan. 31, 1870. Election unsuccessfully contested by George Tucker ; took his seat Feb. 1, 1870. * Elected in place of Robert Rid/jway, deceased; took his seat Dec. 5, 1870. s Took his seat Jan. 28, 1870. Election unsuccessfully contested by C. C. Whittlesey; took his seat Jan. 31, 1870. 1 Took his seat Jan. 27, 1870. Took his seat Jan. 27, 1870; died in 1870. WEST VIRGINIA SENATORS. Arthur I. Boreman Parkersburg. | Waitman T. Willey Morgantown. REPRESENTATIVES. Isaac H. Duval Wellsburg. | James C. McGrew Kingwood. | John S. Witcher Guyandotte. WISCONSIN. SENATORS. Matthew H. Carpenter Milwaukee. | Timothy O. Howe Green Bay. REPRESENTATIVES. David Atwood * Madison. Amasa Cobb Mineral Point. Charles A. Eldridge. .Fond du Lac. Benjamin F. Hopkins 2 . . .Madison. Halbert E. Paine Milwaukee. Philetus Sawyer Oshkosh. C. C. Washburn La Crosse. 1 Elected in place of Benjamin F. Hopkins, deceased; took his seat Feb. 23, 1870. * Died Jan. 1, 1870. ARIZONA TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Richard C. McCormick Tucson. COLORADO TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Allen A. Bradford Pueblo. DAKOTA TERRITORY. . DELEGATE. S. L. Spink Yaukton. IDAHO TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Jacob K. Shafer Idaho City. MONTANA TERRITORY. DELEGATE. James M. Cavanaugh Helena. THE FORTY-SECOND CONGRESS. 185 TERRITORY OP NEW MEXICO. DELEGATE. J. Francisco Chaves Santa Fe\ UTAH TERRITORY. DELEGATE. "William H. Hooper Salt Lake City. WASHINGTON TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Selucius Garfielde Olympia. WYOMING TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Stephen F. Nuckolls Cheyenne. THE FOKTY-SECOND CONGKESS. First Session, from March 4, 1871, to April 20, 1871. Second Session, from Dec. 4, 1871, to June 10, 1872. Third Session, from Dec. 2, 1872, to March 3, 1873. Vice-Prcsident. SCHTTYLEB COLFAX of Indiana. President of the Senate pro tempore. HENRY B. ANTHONY of Rhode Island, elected March 10, 1871; again elected Dec. 21, 1871; again elected Feb. 23, 1872; and again elected July 8, 1872. Secretary of the Senate. GEOKGE C. GOBHAM of California. Speaker of the House. JAMES G. BLATNE of Maine. Clerk of the House. EDWAKD McPHEBSON of Penn sylvania. ALABAMA. SENATORS. George Goldtfcwaite 1 Montgomery. | George E. Spencer Decatur. REPRESENTATIVES. Charles W. Buckley. .Montgomery. William A. Handley 2 . . . .Roanoke. I Joseph H. SIoss Tuscumbia. T\~J ir TX TT *ii _ y"tt i TT TT-i-i+nTir I "R ct~n T o Tn i n fl f c*r> 1 i nrr T^n TT\ AT . WP! mn_ Peter M. Dox Huntsville. Charles Hays ............... Eutaw. I Benjamin Sterling Turner. 1 Took his seat Jan. 15, 1872. a Election unsuccessfully contested by B. W. Norris. ARKANSAS. SENATORS. Powell Clayton ........................... Little Rock. | Benjamin F. Rice ......................... Little Rock. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas Boles : Dardanelle. John Edwards 2 Fort Smith. James M. Hanks Helena. Oliver P. Snydera Pine Bluff. i Successfully contested the election of John Edwards; took his seat Feb. 9, 1872. Election successfully contested by Thomas Boles. * Election unsuccessfully contested by S. H. Rogers. CALIFORNIA SENATORS. Eugene Casserly San Francisco. | Cornelius Cole San Francisco. 186 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. REPRESENTATIVES. John M. Coghlan * . . . .Suisun City. | Sherman O. Houghton x . . .San Josd. | Aaron A. Sargent Nevada City. 1 Took his seat Dec. 4, 1871. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. "William A. Buckingham Norwich. | Orris S. Ferry Norwalk. REPRESENTATIVES. "William H. Barnum Lime Rock. Joseph Roswell Hawley * Hartford. Stephen \V. Kellogg 2 Waterbury. 1 Elected in place of Julius L. Strong, deceased; took his seat Dec. 2, 1872. 1872. Henry H. Starkweather Norwich. Julius L. Strong 3 Hartford. Took Ms seat Dec. 4, 1871. Died Sept. 7, DELAWARE. SENATORS. Thomas Francis Bayard. "Wilmington. | Eli Saulsbury Dover. REPRESENTATIVE. Benjamin T. Biggs Summit Ridge. FLORIDA. SENATORS. Abijah Gilbert St. Augustine. | Thomas "W. Osborn Pensacola. REPRESENTATIVES. Silas L. Niblack 1 | Josiah T. "Walls 2 Gainesville. 1 Successfully contested the election of Josiah T. Walls ; took his seat Jan. 29, 1873. * Election successfully contested by Silas L. Niblack. GEORGIA. SENATORS. Joshua Hill Madison. | Thomas Manson Norwood 1 Savannah. REPRESENTATIVES. Erasmus \V. Beck 2 Griffin. A. T. Mclntyre 4 Thomasville. Richard H. "Whiteley 6 . Bainbridge. John Summerfield Bigby .Newnan. William P. Price Dahlonega. Pierce M. B. Young . . .Cartersville. Dudley M. DuBose 8 . .Washington. Thomas J. Speer 5 Barnesville. 1 Election unsuccessfully contested by Foster Blodgett; took his seat Dec. 10, 1871. * Elected In place of Thomas J. Speer, deceased ; took his seat Dec. 2. 1872. a Election unsuccessfully contested by J. S. Fannin. * Election unsuccessfully contested by Virgil Hillyer. 6 Died Aug. 18, 1872. Election unsuccessfully contested by Nelson Tift. ILLINOIS. SENATORS. John A. Logan Carbondale. | Lyman Trumbull Chicago. REPRESENTATIVES. John L. Beveridge l Evanston. Charles B. Farwell Chicago. Jesse H. Moore .Decatnr. Horatio C. Burchard Freeport. John B. Hawley Rock Island. Edward Y. Rice Hillsborough. Burton C. Cook Ottowa. John B. Hay Belleville. James C. Robinson Springfield. John M. Crebs Carmi. Sain. S. Marshall. McLeansborough. Henry Snapp 2 Joliet. John F. Farnsworth. . . .St. Charles. T. W. McNeely Petersburg. Bradford M. Stevens Tiskilwa. 1 Took his seat Dec. 4, 1871 ; resigned Jan. 4, 1873. * Took his seat Dec. 4, 1871. INDIANA. SENATORS. Oliver P. Morton Indianapolis. | Daniel D. Pratt Logansport. REPRESENTATIVES. John Coburn Indianapolis. William E. Niblack Vincennes. Daniel W. Voorhees . .Terre Haute. William S. Holman Aurora. Jasper Packard La Porto. William Williams Warsaw. Michael C. Kerr New Albany. John P. C. Shanks Portland. JeremiahM. Wilson i.Counersvillo. Mahlou D. Manson. Crawfordsville. James N. Tyner Peru. * Election unsuccessfully contested by David S. Gooding. IOWA. SENATORS. James Harlan Mt. Pleasant. | George G. Wright Des Moines. THE FORTY-SECOND CONGRESS. 187 REPRESENTATIVES. Aylett R. Cotton Lyons. I George W. McCrary Keokuk. I Frank W. Palmer Des Moines VV illiam G. Donnan. Independence. | Jackson Orr Montana. | Madison M. Walden . . . Centreville. KANSAS. SENATORS. Alexander Caldwell Leavenworth. | Samuel C. Pomeroy Atchison. REPRESENTATIVE. David P. Lowe Fort Scott. KENTUCKY. SENATORS. Garrett Davis l Paris. Willis B. Machen 2 Eddyville. REPRESENTATIVES. John W. Stevenson Covington. George M. Adams . . .Barboursville. William E. Arthur Covington. James B. Beck Lexington. Edward Crossland Mayfield. Joseph H. Lewis Glasgow. Henry D. McHenry Hartford. William B. Read Hodgensville. John M. Rice Louisa. Boyd Winchester Louisville. 1 Died Sept. 22, 1872. 2 Appointed in place of Garrett Davis, deceased; took his seat Dec. 2, 1872. LOUISIANA. SENATORS. William Pitt Kellogg New Orleans. | J. Rodman West New Orleans. REPRESENTATIVES. Aleck Boarman 1 Shreveport. Frank Morey Monroe. I J. Hale Sypher New Orleans. Chester B. Darrall Brashear. Lionel A. Sheldon. . . .New Orleans. | 1 Elected in place of James McCleary, deceased hi 1871 ; took his seat Dec. 3, 1872. MAINE. SENATORS. Hannibal Hamlin Bangor. | Lot M. Morrill Augusta. REPRESENTATIVES. James G. Blaine * Augusta. Eugene Hale Ellsworth. I John A. Peters Bangor. William P. Frye Lewiston. John Lynch Portland. Elected speaker March 4, 1871. MARYLAND. SENATORS. William T. Hamilton Hagerstown. | George Vickers Chestertown. REPRESENTATIVES . Stevenson Archer Belair. I William M. Merrick Ilchester. I Thomas Swann Baltimore. Samuel Hambleton Easton. | John Ritchie Frederick City. | MASSACHUSETTS. SENATORS. Charles Sumner Bostou. | Henry Wilson Natick. REPRESENTATIVES. George F. Hoar Worcester. Samuel Hopper Boston. Ginery Twichell Brookline. William B. Washbura 4 . Greeniield. 1 Resigned May 13, 1872. 2 Elected in place of William B. Washburn, elected governor; took his seat Feb. 14, 1872. 8 Elected in place of George M. Brooks, resigned; took his seat Dec. 2, 1872. * Resigned Dec. 5, 1871, having been elected governor. MICHIGAN. SENATORS. Zachariah Chandler Detroit. | Thomas W. Ferry Grand Haven. REPRESENTATIVES. Oakes Ames North Easton. Nathaniel P. Banks Waltham. George M. Brooks * Concord. James Buffiuton Fall River. Benjamin F. Butler Lowell. Alvah Crocker 2 Fitchburg. Henry L. Dawes Pittsiielu. Constantine 0. Esty 3 .Framingham. Austin Blair Jackson. I Wilder D. Foster l . .Grand Rapids. Jabez G. Sutherland Saginaw. Omar D. Conger Port Huron. | William L. Stoughtou Sturgis. Henry Waldron Hillsdale. 1 Elected in place of Thomas W. Ferry, elected senator; took his seat Dec. 4, 1871. 188 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. MINNESOTA. SENATORS. Alexander Ramsey St. Paul. | William Windom Winona. REPRESENTATIVES. John T. Averill St. Paul. | Mark H. Dunnell Owatonna. James Lusk Alcorn *. MISSISSIPPI. SENATORS. .Friar s Point. I Adelbert Ames. .Natchez. Henry W. Barry. George E. Hams. Columbus. Hernando. REPRESENTATIVES . George C. McKee Vicksburg. Joseph L. Morphis Pontotoc. 1 Took Ms seat Dec. 4, 1871. Legrand W. Perce Natchez. Francis P. Blair, jun. MISSOURI. SENATORS. .St Louis. I Carl Schurz. .St. Louis. James G. Blair Canton. Samuel S. Burdett Osceola. Abram Comingo Independence. REPRESENTATIVES. Gustavus A. Finkelnburg.St. Louis. Harrison E. Havens Springfield. Andrew King St. Charles. James R. McCormick Arcadia. Isaac C. Parker St. Joseph. Erastus Wells St. Louis. NEBRASKA. SENATORS. Phineas W. Hitchcock Omaha. | Thomas W. Tipton. .Brownville. REPRESENTATIVE. John Taffe , Omaha. NEVADA. SENATORS. James W. Nye Carson City. | William M. Stewart Virginia City. REPRESENTATIVE. Charles West Kendall Hamilton. NEW HAMPSHIRE. SENATORS. Aaron H. Cragin Lebanon. | James W. Patterson Hanover. REPRESENTATIVES. Samuel N. Bell Manchester. | Ellery A. Hibbard Laconia. | Hosea W. Parker Claremont. NEW JERSEY. SENATORS. Frederick T. Frelinghuysen Newark. | John P. Stockton Trenton. REPRESENTATIVES. John T. Bird Flemington. George A. Halsey Newark. Samuel C. Forker Bordentown. John W. Hazelton Mullica Hill. John Hill Boonton. Roscoe Conkliug. NEW YORK. SENATORS. .Utica. I Reuben E. Fenton , .Jamestown. James Brooks New York. John M. Carroll Johnstown. Freeman Clarke Rochester. Samuel S. Cox New York. R. Holland Duell Cortland. Smith Ely, jun New York. Milo Goodrich Dryden. John H. Ketch am Dover Plains. Thomas Kinsella Brooklyn. William H. Lamport . Canandaigua. William E. Lansing. . .Chittenango. REPRESENTATIVES. Clinton L. Merriam. .Locust Grove. Eli Perry Albany. Clarkson N. Potter. .New Rochelle. Elizur H. Prindle Norwich. Ellis H. Roberts Utica. William R. Roberts New. York. John Rogers Black Brook. Robert B. Roosevelt New York. John E. Seeley Ovid. Walter L. Sessions Panama. Henry W. Slocuin Brooklyn. Horace Boardman Smith . . .Elmira. Charles St. John Port Jervis. D wight Townsend Stapleton, Joseph H. Tuthill Ellenville. Seth Wakeman Batavia. Joseph M. Warren Troy. William A. Wheeler Malone. William Williams Buffalo. Fernando Wood New York. THE FORTY-SECOND CONGRESS. 189 NOETH CAROLINA. SENATORS. John Pool Elizabeth City. | Matt W. Eansom 1 , Weldon. REPRESENTATIVES. Si on H. Rogers 2 Raleigh. Alfred Moore Waddell. Wilmington. Francis E. Shober Salisbury. Charles 11. Thomas Newberu. 2 Took his seat May 23, 1872 ; election unsuccessfully contested by James H. Harris. Clinton L. Cobb Elizabeth City. James C. Harper Patterson. James M. Leach Lexington. i Took his seat April 24, 1872. John Sherman. OHIO. SENATORS. .Mansfield. | Allen G. Thurman . Columbus. Jacob A. Ambler Salem. John Beatty Cardington. John A. Bingham Cadiz. Lewis D. Campbell * Hamilton. Ozro T. Dodds 2 Cincinnati. Charles Foster Fostoria. James A. Gariield Hiram. REPRESENTATIVES. Charles N. Lamison Lima. John F. McKinney Piqua. James Monroe Oberlin. George W. Morgan Mt. Vernon. Erasmus D. Peck Perrysburg. Aaron F. Perry 3 Cincinnati. Samuel Shellabarger . . . Springheld. John A. Smith Hillsborough. Wm. P. Sprague . .McConnellsville. Job E. Stevenson Cincinnati. William H. Upson Akron. Philadclph Van Trump. .Lancaster. John T. Wilson Tranquillity. Election unsuccessfully contested by R. C. Schenck. Dec. 2, 1872. 2 Elected in place of Aaron F. Perry, resigned; took his seat s Resigned in 1872. OREGON. SENATORS. Henry W. Corbett Portland. | James K. Kelly Portland. REPRESENTATIVE. James H. Slater Le Grande. PENNSYLVANIA. SENATORS. Simon Cameron Harrisburg. | John Scott Huntingdon. REPRESENTATIVES. Ephraim L. Acker Norristown. AVilliam D. Kelley Philadelphia. Samuel J. Randall. . . .Philadelphia. Frank C. Burnell x . .Tunkliannock. John W. Killinger Lebanon. Glenni W. Scotield Warren. John V. Creely Philadelphia. William McClelland Newcastle. Henry Sherwood Wellsborough. Oliver J. Dickey Lancaster. Ebenezer McJuukin Butler. Lazarus D. Shoemaker, Henry D. Foster Greensburg. Ulysses S. Mercur 2 Towanda. Wilkesbarre. J. Lawrence Getz Reading. Benjamin F. Meyers 3 Bedford. R. Milton Speer Huntingdon. Samuel Griffith Mercer. Leonard Myers Philadelphia. John B. Storm Stroudsburgh. Richard J. Haldeman . .Harrisburg. James S. Negley Pittsburg. Washington Townsend, Alfred C. Hanner Germantown. John B. Packer S anbury. West Chester. 1 Elected in place of Ulysses S. Mercur, resigned ; took his seat Jan. 7, 1873. 2 Resigned Dec. 2, 1872. Election unsuccess fully contented by John Cessna. KHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. Henry B. Anthony 1 Providence. | William Sprague Providence. REPRESENTATIVES. Benjamin T. Eames Providence. | James M. Pendleton Westerly. * Elected president pro tern. March 10, 1871. SOUTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. Thomas J. Robertson Columbia. | Frederick A. Sawyer Charleston. REPRESENTATIVES. Robert C. De Large 1 Charleston. I Joseph H. Rainey . . . . . Georgetown. Robert Brown Elliott 2 Columbia. | Alexander S. Wallace 3 \orkville. Election contested by Christopher C. Bowen ; seat declared vacant Jan. 24. 1873. * Resigned in 1873. Election unsuc cessfully contested by I. G. Mclussick. TENNESSEE. SENATORS. William G. Brownlow Kuoxville. | Henry Cooper Nashville. 190 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. REPRESENTATIVES. John Morgan Bright . .Fayetteville. Roderick R. Butler Taylors ville. Robert P. CaldweU Trenton. Abraham E. Garrett Carthage. Edward I. Golladay Lebanon. Horace Maynard Knoxville. "William W. Vaughan. Brownsville. W. C. Whitthorne Columbia. TEXAS. SENATORS. James "W. Flanagan Flanagan s Mills. | Morgan C. Hamilton Austin. REPRESENTATIVES. "William T. Clark 1 Galveston. I DeWitt C. Giddings 2 Brenham. I William S. Herndon Tyler. John G. Conner Sherman. | John Hancock Austin. | i Election successfully contested by D. C. Giddings. 2 Successfully contested the election of "William T. Clark; took his seat May 13, 1872. VERMONT. SENATORS. George F. Edmunds Burlington. | Justin S. Morrill Stratford. REPRESENTATIVES. Luke P. Poland St. Johnsbury. | "Worthington C. Smith . St. Alban s. | Charles "W. Willard Montpelier. VIRGINIA. SENATORS. John "W. Johnston Abingdon. | John F. Lewis Port Republic. REPRESENTATIVES. E. M. Braxton 1 . .Fredericksburgh. John Critcher Oak Grove. Richard T.W.Duke.Charlottesville. John T. Harris Harrisonburg. James H. Platt, jun. . . .Petersburg. Charles H. Porter Richmond. "Win. H. H. Stowell. . . .Manchester. William Terry Wytheville. 1 Election unsuccessfully contested by Lewis McKenzie. WEST VIRGINIA. SENATORS. Arthur I. Boreman Parkersburg. | Henry G. Davis Piedmont. REPRESENTATIVES. John J. Davis Clarksburg. | Frank Hereford Union. | James C. McGrew Kingwood, WISCONSIN. SENATORS. Matthew H. Carpenter Milwaukee. | Timothy O. Howe Green Bay. REPRESENTATIVES. J. Allen Barber Lancaster. I Gerry W. Hazelton Columbus. I Jeremiah M. Rusk Viroqua. Charles A. Eldredge. . Fond du Lac. | Alexander Mitchell Milwaukee. | Philetus Sawyer Oshkosh. ARIZONA TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Richard C. McCormick Tucson. COLORADO TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Jerome B. Chaffee Denver. DAKOTA TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Moses K. Armstrong Yankton. DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. DELEGATE. Norton P. Chipman Washington City. IDAHO TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Samuel A. Merritt , Idaho City. THE FORTY-THIRD CONGRESS. 191 MONTANA TERRITORY. DELEGATE. William H. Claggett Deer Lodge City. TERRITORY OF NEW MEXICO. DELEGATE. Jose* Manuel Gallegos Santa Fe*. UTAH TERRITORY. DELEGATE. William H. Hooper 1 Salt Lake City. 1 Election unsuccessfully contested by G. R. Maxwell WASHINGTON TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Selucius Garfielde Olympia. WYOMING TERRITORY. DELEGATE. William T. Jones Cheyenne. THE FOBTY-THIKD CONGRESS. First Session, from Dec. 1, 1873, to June 23, 1874. Second Session, from Dec. 7, 1874. to March 4, 1875. Vice-President. HENRY WILSON of Massachusetts. Presidents of the Senate pro tempore. MATTHEW H. CAKPENTEK of Wisconsin, elected March 12, 1873, in special session, again elected March 2G, 1873, again elected Dec. 11, 1873, and again elected Dec. 23, 1874; HENKY B. ANTHONY of Rhode Island, elected Jan. 25, 1875, and again elected Feb. 15, 1875. Secretary of the Senate. GEOKGE C. GOKHAM of California. Speaker of the House. JAMES G. ELAINE of Maine. Clerk of the House. EDWAKD MCPHEKSON of Penn sylvania. ALABAMA. SENATORS. George Goldthwaite Montgomery. | George E. Spencer Decatur. REPRESENTATIVES. Frederick G. Bromberg Mobile. John H. Caldwell . . . .Jacksonville. Charles Hays Eutaw. Charles Pelham Talladega. James T. Eapier Montgomery. Christopher C. Sheats Decatur. Joseph H. Sloss Tuscumbia. Alexander White Selma. ARKANSAS. SENATORS. Powell Clayton Little Rock. | Stephen W. Dorsey Helena. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas M. Gtmter * . .Fayetteville. I William J. Hynes Little Rock. William W. Wilshire *. Little Rock. Asa Hodges 2 Marion. | Oliver P. Bnyder" Pine Bluff. i Successfully contested the election of William W. Wilshire; took his seat June 16,1874. tested by L. C. Gause ; took his seat Feb. 4, 1874. Election unsuccessfully contested by M. L. Bell contested by Thomas M. Gunter. 192 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. CALIFORNIA. SENATORS. Eugene Casserly 1 San Francisco. Aaron A. Sargent Nevada City. John S. Hager 2 ..,,,,.,,,, San Francisco. REPRESENTATIVES. Charles Clayton San Francisco. Sherman O. Houghton San Jose. John K. Luttrell Santa Rosa. Horace F. Page Placerville. Resigned Nov. 29, 1873. 2 Elected in place of Eugene Casserly, resigned ; took his seat Feb. 9, 1874. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. "William A. Buckingham * Norwich. Orris S. Ferry . Norwalk. William W. Eaton 2 Hartford. REPRESENTATIVES . William H. Barnum Lime Rock. I Stephen W. Kellogg Waterbury. Joseph R. Hawley Hartford. | Henry H. Starkweather Norwich. 1 Died Feb. 6, 1875. 2 Appointed in place of William A. Buckingham, deceased; took his seat Feb. 13, 1875. DELAWARE. SENATORS. Thomas F. Bayard Wilmington. | Eli Saulsbury Dover. REPRESENTATIVE. James R. Lofland Milf ord. FLORIDA. SENATORS. Simon B. Conover Tallahassee. | Abijah Gilbert St. Augustine. REPRESENTATIVES. William J. Purman * Tallahassee. | Josiah T. Walls Gainesville. 1 Resigned Feb. 16, 1875. GEORGIA. SENATORS. John B. Gordon Atlanta. | Thomas Manson Norwood Savannah. REPRESENTATIVES. Hiram P. Bell Corning. Henry R. Harris 1 Greenville. Richard H. Whiteley . . .Bainbridge. James H. Blount Macon. Morgan Rawls 2 Guyton. Pierce M. B. Young Cartersville. Philip Cook Americus. Andrew Sloan s Savannah. James C. Freeman Griffin. Alex. H. Stephens. . .Crawfordville. 1 Election unsuccessfully contested by M. Bethune. z Election successfully contested by Andrew Sloan. 8 Successfully contested the election of Morgan Rawls ; took his seat March 24, 1874. ILLINOIS. SENATORS. John A. Logan Chicago. | Richard J. Oglesby , Decatur. REPRESENTATIVES. Granville Barrere Canton. Charles B. Farwell Chicago. John McNulta Bloomington. Horatio C. Burchard Free port. Greenbury L. Fort Lacon. William R. Morrison Waterloo. Joseph G. Cannon Tuscola. John B. Hawley Rock Island. William H. Ray Rushville. Barnard G. Cauliield l Chicago. Stephen A. Hurlbut Belvidere. John B. Rice 2 Chicago. Isaac Clements Carbondale. Robert M. Knapp Jersey ville. James C. Robinson Springfield. Franklin Corwin Peru. Samuel S. Marshall. .McLeansboro . Jasper D. Ward Chicago. John R. Eden Sullivan. James S. Martin Salem. 1 Elected in place of John B. Rice, deceased ; took his seat Feb. 1, 1875. 2 Died Dec. 16, 1874. INDIANA. SENATORS. Oliver P. Morton Indianapolis. | Daniel D. Pratt Logansport. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas J. Cason Lebanon. Godlove S. Orth Lafayette. William Williams Warsaw. John Coburn Indianapolis. Jasper Packard La Porte. Jeremiah M. Wilson. .Connersville. William S. Holnian Aurora. Henry B. Sayler Huntingdon. Simeon K. Wolfe New Albany. Morton C. Hunter Bloomington. John P. C. Shanks l Portland. William E. Niblack Vincennes. James N. Tyner Peru. 1 Election unsuccessfully contested by John E. Neflt. THE FORTY-THIRD CONGRESS. 193 "William B. Allison. Aylett R. Cotton Lyons. "William G. Donnan. Independence. John A. Kasson Des Moines. IOWA. SENATORS. Dubuque. | George G. "Wright. REPRESENTATIVES. William Loughridge Oskaloosa. George W. McCrary Keokuk. James W. McDill Afton. .Des Moines. Jackson Orr Boone. Henry O. Pratt Charles City. James Wilson Traer. KANSAS. SENATORS. Alexander Caldwell l Leavenworth. Robert Crozier 2 Leavenworth. James M. Harvey Vinton. John James Ingalls Atchison. REPRESENTATIVES. Stephen Alonzo Cobb. .Wyandotte. | David P. Lowe Port Scott. | William A, Phillips Salina. * Resigned March 24, 1873. Appointed in place of Alexander Caldwell, resigned; took his seat Dec. 1, 1873 Elected in place of Alexander Caldwell, resigned, Robert Crozier having been appointed pro tern.; took his seat Feb. 12, 1874. KENTUCKY. SENATORS. Thomas C. McCreery 1 Owensborough. | John W. Stevenson Covington. REPRESENTATIVES. George M. Adams . . . Barboursville. William E. Arthur Covington. James B. Beck Lexington. John Young Brown . . . .Henderson. Edward Crossland Mayfield. Milton J. Durham Danville. Charles "W. Milliken Franklin. William B. Read Hodgensville. 1 Election unsuccessfully contested by John M. Burns. Elisha D. Standiford . . . .Louisville. John D. Young 1 Owensville. J. Rodman West. LOUISIANA, SENATORS. .New Orleans. | Vacant. REPRESENTATIVES. Chester B. Darrall Brashear. I Lionel A. Sheldon *. . .New Orleans. Frank Morey Monroe. | George A. Sheridan 2 George L. Smith 8 ...... Shreveport. J. Hale Sypher * ...... New Orleans. 1 Election unsuccessfully contested by Randall L. Gibson ; took his seat Dec. 2, 1873. 2 Election unsuccessfully contested by P. B. S. Pinchback; took his seat Much 3, 1875. Election unsu Dec. 3, 1873. ccessfully contested by E.G. Davidson; took his seat * Election unsuccessfully contested by E. Lawrence ; took his seat Dec. 2, 1873. MAINE. SENATORS. Hannibal Hamlin Bangor. | Lot M. Morrill . . , REPRESENTATIVES. James G. Blaine 1 Augusta. I "William P. Frye Lewiston. John H. Burleigh . .South Berwick. | Eugene Hale Ellsworth. Augusta. Samuel F. Hersey 3 Bangor. Elected speaker Dec. 2, 1873. a Died Feb. 3. 1875. MARYLAND. SENATORS. George R. Dennis Kingston. | William T. Hamilton. REPRESENTATIVES. .Hagerstown. William J. Albert Baltimore. Stevenson Archer Belair. Lloyd Lowndes, jun. . Cumberland. William J. O Brien Baltimore. Thomas Swann Baltimore. Ephraim K. Wilson Snow Hill. MASSACHUSETTS. SENATORS. George S. Boutwell 1 Groton. I William B. Washburn 8 . Charles Stunner 2 Boston. | .Greenfield. James Buffinton Fall River. Benjamin F. Butler Lowell. Alvah Crocker 4 Fitchburg. i Henry L. Dawes Pittsneld. REPRESENTATIVES. Daniel "W. Gooch Melrose. Benj. W. Harris. East Bridgewater. E. Rockwood Hoar Concord. George F. Hoar Worcester. Samuel Hooper 5 . ........... Boston. Henry L. Pierce ............ Boston. 6 Charles A. Stevens 6 .......... Ware. John M. S. Williams... .Cambridge. 1 Elected in place of Henry Wilson, elected Vice-President ; took Ms seat March 17, 1873. In place of Charles Smniicr, deceased; took his seat May 1, 1874. * Died Dec. 26, 1874. place of Alvali Crocker, deceased; took his seat Jau. 27, 1ST5. Died March 11, 1874. Elected s Died Feb. 14, 1875. 6 Elected iu 194 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Zachariah Chandler.. MICHIGAN SENATORS. .Detroit. | Thomas "W. Ferry , .Grand Haven. Josiali W. Begole Flint. Nathan B. Bradley Bay City. Julius C. Burrows Kalamazoo. REPRESENTATIVES. Omar D. Conger Port Huron. Moses W. Field Detroit. Jay A. Hubbell Houghton. Henry Waldron Hillsdalo. George Willard Battle Creek. William B. Williams * Allegan. Alexander Ramsey . 1 Elected in place of Wilder D. Foster, deceased in 1873; took his seat Dec. 1, 1873. MESTNESOTA. SENATORS. St. Paul. | William Windom Winona. REPRESENTATIVES. John T. Averill St. Paul | Mark H. Dunnell Owatonna. | Horace B. Strait Shakopee. MISSISSIPPI. SENATORS. James L. Alcorn Friar s Point. Henry R. Pease 2 Jackson. Adelbert Ames * Natchez. REPRESENTATIVES. Henry W. Barry Columbus. I Lucius Q. C. Lamar Oxford. I George C. McKee Vicksburg. Albert R. Howe Sardis. | John R. Lynch Natchez. | Jason Niles Kosciusko. 1 Resigned 1874. Elected in place of Adelbert Ames, resigned; took his seat Feb. 12, 1874. MISSOURI. SENATORS. Lewis V. Bogy St. Louis. | Carl Schurz St. Louis. Richard P. Bland Lebanon. Aylett H. Buckner Mexico. John B. Clark, jun Fayette. Abram Comingo . . . .Independence. Thos. T. Critteuden. .Warrensburg. REPRESENTATIVES. John M. Glover La Grange. llobert A. Hatcher New Madrid. Harrison E. Havens Springfield. Ira B. Hyde Princeton. Isaac C. Parker St. Joseph. Edwin O. Stanard St. Louis. William H. Stone St. Louis. Erastus Wells St. Louis. NEBRASKA. SENATORS. Phineas W. Hitchcock Omaha. | Thomas W. Tipton Brownsville. REPRESENTATIVE. Lorenzo Crounse Fort Calhoun. NEVADA. SENATORS. John P. Jones Gold HilL | William M. Stewart Virginia City. REPRESENTATIVE. Charles W. Kendall Hamilton. NEW HAMPSHIRE. SENATORS. Aaron H. Cragin Lebanon. | Bainbridge Wadleigh Milford. REPRESENTATIVES. Hosea W. Parker Claremont. | Austin F. Pike Franklin. | William B. Small . . . .New Market. NEW JERSEY. SENATORS. Frederick T. Frelinghuysen Newark. | John P. Stockton Trenton. REPRESENTATIVES. Ames Clark, jun Elizabeth. John W. Hazelton .... Mullica Hill. Marcus L. Ward Newark. Samuel A. Dobbins . .Mount Holly. William W. Phelps Englewood. Robert Hamilton Newton. Isaac W. Scudder. .... .Jersey City. THE FORTY-THIRD CONGRESS. 195 Boscoe Conkling. NEW YORK. SENATORS. . TTtiea. | Reuben E. Fenton . Jamestown. Lyman K. Bass Buffalo. Simeon B. Chittenden 1 . .Brooklyn. Freeman Clarke Rochester. Samuel S. Cox New York. Thomas J. Creamer New York. lip S. ( fid M. David M. DeWitt Kingston. R. Holland Duell Cortland. Robert S. Hale Elizabethtown. H. H. Hathorn.. . .Saratoga Springs. George G. Hoskins Attica. "VVm. H. Lamport Canandaigua. 1 Elected in place of Stewart L. Woodford David B. Hellish, Augustus S. Merrimon. REPRESENTATIVES. Wm. E. Lansing Chittenango. John D. Lawson New York. Clinton D. MacDougall. . . .Auburn. David B. Hellish 2 New York. Clinton L. Merriam. .Locust Grove. Eli Perry Albany. Thomas C. Platt Owego. Clarkson N. Potter . . New Rochelle. Ellis H. Roberts Utica. William R. Roberts New York. Richard Schell New York. John G. Schumaker Brooklyn. , resigned ; took his seat Dec. 7, 1874. deceased ; took his seat Dec. 7, 1874. NORTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. Raleigh. | Matt "W. Ransom. Henry J. Scudder New York. Walter L. Sessions Panama. James S. Smart Cambridge. H. Boardman Smith Elinira. Charles St. John Port Jervis. Lyman Tremain Albany. William A. Wheeler Malone. John O. Whitehouse . Poughkeepsie. David Wilber Milford. Fernando Wood New York. Stewart L. Woodford 4 . . -Brooklyn. Died May 23, 1874. Resigned in 1874. s Elected in place of .Weldon. Thomas S. Ashe. . . ."Wadesborough. Clinton L. Cobb . . . .Elizabeth City. James M. Leach Lexington. John Sherman. REPRESENTATIVES. William M. Robbins. . . . Statesville. William A. Smith Princeton. Charles R. Thomas Newbern. OHIO. SENATORS. Mansfield. I Allen G. Thurman Robert B. Vance Asheville. Alfred M. WaddeU. . . .Wilmington. .Columbus. Henry B. Banning Cincinnati. John Berry Upper Sandusky. Hezekiah S. Bundy.. . .Reed s Mills. Lorenzo Danford St. Clairsville. William E. Finck 1 Somerset. Charles Foster Fostoria. James A. Garfield Hiram. REPRESENTATIVES. Lewis B. Gunckel Dayton. Hugh J. Jewett 2 Columbus. Charles N. Lamison Lima. William Lawrence. . .Bellefontaine. James Monroe Oberlin. Lawrence T. Neal Chillicothe. Richard C. Parsons Cleveland. James W. Robinson Marysville. Milton Sayler Cincinnati. Isaac R. Sherwood Bryan. John Q. Smith Oakland. Milton I. Southard Zanesville. Wm. P. Sprague . .McConnellsville. Laurin D. Wood worth . Youngstown. 1 Elected in place of Hugh J. Jewett, resigned ; took his seat Dec. 7, 1874. 2 Resigned in 1874. OREGON. SENATORS. James K. Kelly Portland. | John H. Mitchell Portland. REPRESENTATIVE. James W. Nesmith l Ricreal. 1 Elected in place of J. G. Wilson, deceased in 1873, having never taken his seat. Simon Cameron. Charles Albright Mauch Clmnk. James S. Biery Allentown. John Cessna Bedford. Hiester Clymer Reading. Carlton B. Curtis Erie. Alfred C. Ilarmer Germantown. William D. Kelley Philadelphia. John W. Killiuger Lebanon. John A. Magee New Bloomlield. Ebenezer McJunkin J Butler. PENNSYLVANIA. SENATORS. Harrisburg. | John Scott REPRESENTATIVES. William S. Moore Washington. Leonard Myers Philadelphia. James S. Negley Pittsburg. Charles O Neill Philadelphia. John B. Packer Sunbury. Samuel J. Randall Philadelphia. Hiram L. Richmond Meadville. Sobieski Ross Coudersport. Glcnni W. Scofleld Warren. L. D. Shoemaker Wilkesbarre. .Huntingdon. A. Herr Smith Lancaster. R. Milton Speer Huntingdon. John B. Storm Stroudsburg. James D. Strawbridge Danville. Alexander W. Taylor Indiana. John M. Thompson 2 Butler. Lemuel Todd Carlisle. Washington Townsend, West Chester. Resigned Jan. 1, 1875, having been elected district judge. 2 Elected in place of Ebenezer McJunkin, resigned; took his seat Jan. 5, 1875. RHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. Henry B. Anthony Providence. | William Sprague REPRESENTATIVES. Benjamin T. Eames Providence. | James M. Pendleton Westerly. .Providence. 196 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. John J. Patterson. . SOUTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. ..Columbia. | Thomas J. Robertson. .Columbia. REPRESENTATIVES. Richard H. Cain Columbia. I Robert B. Elliott 2 Columbia. I Alonzo J. Ransier Charleston. Lewis C. Carpenter * Columbia. | Joseph H. Rainey Georgetown. | Alexander S. Wallace.. . . Yorkville. Elected in place of Robert B. Elliott, resigned ; took Ms seat Dec. 7, 1874. * Resigned in 1874. "William G. Brownlow. John D. C. Atkins Paris. John M. Bright Fayetteville. Roderick R. Butler. . . .Taylorsville. William Crutclmeld . .Chattanooga. TENNESSEE. SENATORS. Knoxville. | Henry Cooper.. . . REPRESENTATIVES. Horace H. Harrison Nashville. Barbour Lewis Memphis. Horace Maynard Knoxville. David A. Nunn Brownsville. .Nashville. Jacob M. Thornburgh. . .Knoxville. Washington C. Whitthorne, Columbia. TEXAS. SENATORS. James W. Flanagan Flanagan s Mills. | Morgan C. Hamilton Austin. REPRESENTATIVES. DeWitt C. Giddings Brenham. I William S. Herndon Tyler. John Hancock. Austin. Wm. P. McLean. . .Mount Pleasant. Roger Q. Mills Corsicana. Asa H. Willie Galveston. VERMONT. SENATORS. George F. Edmunds Burlington. | Justin S. Morrill Strafford. REPRESENTATIVES. George W. Hendee Morrisville. | Luke P. Poland St. Johnsbury. | Charles W. Willard....Montpelier. John W. Johnston.. Rees T. Bowen Maiden Spring. Alexander M. Davis, 1 Independence. John T. Harris Harrisonburg. VIRGINIA. SENATORS. Abingdon. | John F. Lewis . . REPRESENTATIVES. Eppa Hun ton Warrenton. James H. Platt, jun Norfolk. James B. Sener. . . .Fredericksburg. J. Ambler Smith Richmond. .Port Republic. Wm. H. H. Stowell Burke ville. Christopher Y. Thomas, 2 Martinsville. Thomas Whitehead . . Amherst C.H. 1 Election successf ally contested by Christopher Y. Thomas. 2 Successfully contested the election of Alexander M. Davis ; took bis seat March 5, 1874. WEST VIRGINIA. SENATORS. Arthur I. Boreman Parkersburg. | Henry G. Davis Piedmont. REPRESENTATIVES. John J. Davis 1 Clarksburg. | John M. Hagans 2 Morgantown. | Frank Hereford Union. 1 Election unsuccessfully contested by Benjamin Wilson ; took his seat Jan. 27, 1874. * Election unsuccessfully contested by Benjamin F. Martin ; took his seat Jan. 27, 1874. Matthew H. Carpenter *. .Green Bay. WISCONSIN. SENATORS. Milwaukee. | Timothy O. Howe REPRESENTATIVES. Alexander S. McDill Plover. Alexander Mitchell . . . .Milwaukee. Jeremiah M. Rusk Viroqua. 1 Elected president pro tern. March 12, 1873. ARIZONA TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Richard C. McConnick. Tucson. J. Allen Barber Lancaster. Charles A Eldridge. .Fond du Lac. Gerry W. Hazelton Columbus. Philetus Sawyer Oshkosh. Charles G. Williams. . . Jaynesville. THE FORTY-FOURTH CONGRESS. 197 COLORADO TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Jerome B. Chaffee Denver. DAKOTA TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Moses K. Armstrong Yankton. DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. DELEGATE. Norton P. Chipman. "Washington. IDAHO TERRITORY. DELEGATE. JohnHailey Boise City. MONTANA TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Martin Maginnis. Helena. TERRITORY OF NEW MEXICO. DELEGATE. Stephen B. Elkins Santa F6. UTAH TERRITORY. DELEGATE. George Q. Cannon 1 Salt Lake City. i Election unsuccessfully contested by George R. Maxwell. WASHINGTON TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Obadiah B. McFadden Olympia. WYOMING TERRITORY. DELEGATE. "William R. Steele Cheyenne. THE FOKTY-FOURTH CONGKESS. First Session, from Dec. 6, 1875, to Aug. 15, 1876. Second Session, from Dec. 4, 1876, to March 3, 1877. Vice-President. 1 President of the Senate pro tcmpore. THOMAS "W. FEEEY of Michigan, elected March 9, 1875, in special session ; again elected March 19, 1875 ; and again elected Dec. 20, 1875. Secretary of the Senate. GEOEGE C. GOEHAM of California. Speakers of the House. MICHAEL C. KEEE 2 of Indiana; SAMUEL J. RANDALL of Pennsylvania, elected Dec. 4, 1876. Clerk of the House. GEOEGE M. ADAMS of Kentucky, elected Dec. 6, 1875. i Henry Wilson, Vice-President of the United States, died Nov. 22, 1875. Died Aug. 19, 1876. ALABAMA. SENATORS. George Goldthwaite Montgomery. | George E. Spencer Decatur. REPRESENTATIVES. Taul Bradford Talladega. John H. Caldwell . . .. Jacksonville. William H. Forney. . .Jacksonville. Jere Haralson * Selma. Charles Hays .Haysville. Goldsmith W. Hewitt. Birmingham. Burwell B. Lewis Tuscaloosa. Jeremiah N. Williams Clayton. Election unsuccessfully contested by F. G. Bromberg. 198 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. ARKANSAS. SENATORS. Powell Clayton Little Rock. | Stephen "W. Dorsey Helena. REPRESENTATIVES. Lucien C. Gause Jacksonport. I William F. Siemens Monticello. Thomas M. Gunter Fayetteville. | William W. Wilshire Little Rock. CALIFORNIA SENATORS. Newton Booth Sacramento. | Aaron A. Sargent Nevada City. REPRESENTATIVES . John K. Luttrell Santa Rosa. Horace Francis Page Placerville. William A. Piper San Francisco. Peter Dinwiddie Wigginton Merced. COLORADO SENATORS. Jerome B. Chaffee 1 Denver. | Henry M. Teller 1 Central City. REPRESENTATIVE. James B. Belford 2 Central City. 1 Took his seat Dec. 4, 1876. 2 Took his seat Jan. 31, 1877. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. William H. Barnum l Lime Rook. I James E. English 2 New Haven. William W. Eaton Hartford. | Orris S. Ferry ? Norwalk. William H. Barmim * . . Lime Rock. George M. Landers . . .New Britain. REPRESENTATIVES. James Phelps Essex. Henry H. Starkweather 4 . Norwich. John Turner Wait 6 Norwich. Levi Warner 6 Norwalk. 1 Elected senator in place of Orris S. Ferry, deceased, James E. English having been appointed pro tern. ; took his seat May 22. 1876. 2 Appointed in place of Orris S. Ferry, deceased; took his seat Dec. 8, 1875. 3 Died Nov. 23, 1875. * Died Jan. 28, 1876. B Elected in place of Henry H. Starkweather, deceased; took his seat April 12, 1876. 6 Elected in place of William H. Barnum, elected senator; took his seat Dec. 5, 1876. DELAWARE. SENATORS. Thomas F. Bayard Wilmington. | Eli Saulsbury Dover. REPRESENTATIVE. James Williams Kenton. FLORIDA. SENATORS. Simon B. Conover Tallahassee. | Charles W. Jones Pensacola. REPRESENTATIVES. Jesse J. Finley l Jacksonville | William J. Purman Tallahassee. | Josiah T. Walls 2 Gainesville. 1 Successfully contested the election of Josiah T. Walls ; took his seat April 19, 1876. * Election successfully contested by Jesse J. Finley. GEORGIA. SENATORS. John B. Gordon Atlanta. | Thomas Manson Norwood Savannah. REPRESENTATIVES. James H. Blount Macon. Milton A. Caudler Atlanta. Philip Cook Americus. William H. Felton Cartersville. Henry R. Harris Greenville. Julian Hartridge Savannah. Benjamin H. Hill 1 Atlanta. William E. Smith Albany. A. H. Stephens Crawfordville. 1 Elected hi place of Garrett McMillan, deceased in 1875; took his seat Dec. 6, 1875. ILLINOIS. SENATORS. John A. Logan Chicago. | Richard J. Oglesby Decatur. THE FORTY-FOURTH CONGRESS. 199 "William B. Anderson. .Elk Prairie. John C. Bagby Rushville. Horatio C. Bun-hard Freeport. Alexander Campbell La Salle. Joseph G. Cannon Danville. Barnard G. Caulrield Chicago. John R. Eden Sullivan. REPRESENTATIVES. Charles B. Farwell l Chicago. Greenbury L. Fort Lacon. Carter H. Harrison Chicago. "William Hart/.ell Chester. Thomas J. Henderson. . .Princeton. Stephen A. Hurlbut Belvidere. William R. Morrison "Waterloo. J. V. Le Moyne 2 Chicago. William A. J. Sparks Carlyle. William M. Springer Spvinglield. Adlai E. Stevenson. . . Blooniington. Richard H. Whiting Peoria. Scott Wike Pittstield. 1 Election successfully contested by J. V. Le Moyne. 2 Successfully contested the election of Charlea B. Farwell; took Ida seat May 6, 1876. Joseph E. McDonald John H. Baker Goshen. Nathan T. Carr 1 Columbus. Thomas J. Cason Lebanon. Jamea L. Evans Noblesville. Benoni S. Fuller Boonville. INDIANA. SENATORS. . . . .Indianapolis. | Oliver P. Morton REPRESENTATIVES. Andrew H. Hamilton. Fort Wayne. William S. Hayinond . . .Monticello. W. S. Holinaii Aurora. Andrew Humphreys 2 Morton C. Hunter Blooniington. .Indianapolis. Michael C. Kerr 8 New Albany. Franklin Landers Indianapolis. Jeptha D. New Vernon. Milton S. Robinson Anderson. James D. Williams 4 Wheatlaud. 1 Elected in place of Michael C. Kerr, deceased; took his seat Dec. 5, 1876. 2 Elected in place of Jamos D. Williams, resigned; took his scat Dec. 6, 1876. 8 Elected speaker Dec. 6, 1875; died Aug. 19, 1876. * Resigned in 1876, having been elected governor of Indiana. William B. Allison. L. L. Ainsworth West Union. John A. Kasson Des Moines. George W. McCrary Keokuk. IOWA. SENATORS. Dubuque. | George G. Wright REPRESENTATIVES. James Wilson McDill Afton. Addison Oliver Onawa. Henry O. Pratt Charles City. .Des Moines. Ezekiel S. Sampson Sigourney. John Q. Tufts. . . .Wilton Junction. James Wilson Traer. KANSAS. SENATORS. James M. Harvey Vinton. | John James Ingalls Atchison. REPRESENTATIVES. William R. Brown . . . .Hutchinson. | John R. Goodin Humboldt. | William A. Phillips Salina. Thomas C. McCreery. Joseph C. S. Blackburn. .Versailles. Andrew R. Boone Mayiield. John Young Brown . . . .Henderson. John B. Clarke Brooksville. KENTUCKY. SENATORS. . Owensborough. | John W. Stevenson . REPRES ENT ATI VES . Milton J. Durham Danville. Thomas L. Jones Newport. J. Proctor Knott Lebanon. Charles W. Milliken Franklin. .Covington. Edward Y. Parsons 1 . . . .Louisville. Henry Watterson 2 Louisville. John D. White Manchester. 1 Died July 8, 1876. 2 Elected in place of Edward Y. Parsons, deceased; took his seat Aug. 12, 1876. J. R. West Chester B. Darrall Brashear. E. John Ellis New Orleans. Randall L. Gibson New Orleans. LOUISIANA. SENATORS. New Orleans. | Vacant. REPRESENTATIVES. William M. Levy Natchitoches. William B. Spencer 2 Vidalia. Frank Morey * Monroe. Charles E. Nash Washington. Election successfully contested by William B. Spencer. 2 Successfully contested the election of Frank Morey; took hia seat June 8, 1876; resigned Jan. 8, 1877. MAINE. SENATORS. James G. Blaine 1 Augusta. Lot M. Morrill 2 Augusta. Hannibal Hamlin Bangor. REPRESENTATIVES. James G. Blame* Augusta. I Edwin Flye 8 New Castle. I Eugene Hale Ellsworth. JohnH. Burleigh ..South Berwick. | William P. Frye Lewiston. | Harris M. Plaisted* Bangor. i Elected senator in place of Lot M. Morrill. Designed ; took his seat Dec. 4, 1876. * Resigned July 7, 1870, having been appointed secretary of the treasury. Elected in place of James G. Blaine, resigned; took his seat Dec. 5, 18<6. in place of SamuerF. Hersey, deceased ; took his seat Dec. 6, 1875. 200 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. MARYLAND. SENATORS. George R. Dennis Kingston. | "William Pinckney Whyte Baltimore. REPRESENTATIVES. Eli J. Henkle Brooklyn. William J. O Brien Baltimore. George S. Boutwell. Charles B. Roberts . . ."Westminster. I Philip F. Thomas Easton. Thomas Swann Baltimore. | William Walsh Cumberland. MASSACHUSETTS. SENATORS. Groton. 1 Henry L. Dawes Pittsfield. Josiah G. Abbott 1 Boston. Nathaniel P. Banks Waltham. Chester W. Chapin Springfield. William W. Crapo2. .New Bedford. REPRESENTATIVES. Ruf us S. Frost 3 Chelsea. Benj. W. Harris . ..E. Bridge water. George F. Hoar Worcester. Henry L. Pierce Boston. Julius H. Seelye Amherst. John K. Tarfiox Lawrence. Charles P. Thompson. . .Gloucester. William Wirt Warren Boston. 1 Successfully contested the election of Ruf us S. Frost; took his seat July 28, 1876. 2 Elected in place of James Buffinton, deceased in 1875; took his seat Dec. 6, 1875. 3 Election successfully contested by Josiah G. Abbott. Isaac P. Christiancy. MICHIGAN. SENATORS. , .Lansing. | Thomas W. Ferry 1 , REPRESENTATIVES. .Grand Haven. Nathan B. Bradley Bay City. Omar D. Conger Port Huron. George H. Durand Flint. Jay A. Hubbell Houghton. Allen Potter Kalaraazoo. Henry Waldron Hillsdale. 1 President pro tern. George Willard ..Battle Creek. Alpheus S. Williams Detroit. William B. Williams Allegan. MINNESOTA. SENATORS. SamuelJ. R. McMillan St. Paul. | William Windom Winona. REPRESENTATIVES. Mark H, Dunnell Owatonna. | William S. King Minneapolis. | Horace B. Strait * Shakopee. 1 Election unsuccessfully contested by E. S. Cox. MISSISSIPPI. SENATORS. Friar s Point. | Blanche K. Bruce Floreyville. Charles E. Hooker Jackson. Lucius Q. C. Lamar Oxford. Lewis V. Bogy. REPRESENTATIVES. JohnR. Lynch Natchez. I Otho R. Singleton Canton. Hernando De Soto Money. Winona. | G. Wiley Wells Holly Springs. MISSOURI. SENATORS. St. Louis. | Francis M. Cockrell Warrensburg. Richard P. Bland Lebanon. Aylett H. Buckner Mexico. John B. Clark, jun Fayette. Rezin A. DeBolt Trenton. Benjamin J. Franklin. Kansas City. REPRESENTATIVES. John M. Glover La Grange. Robert A. Hatcher New Madrid. Edward C. Kehr St. Louis. Charles H. Morgan Lamar. John F. Phillips Sedalia. David Rea William H. Stone. Erastus Wells Savannah. St. Louis. , St. Louis. Phineas W. Hitchcock , Lorenzo Crounse NEBRASKA. SENATORS. ..Omaha. | Algernon S. Paddock REPRESENTATIVE. Beatrice. .Fort Calhoun. NEVADA. SENATORS. John P. Jones Gold Hill. | William Sharon Virginia City. REPRESENTATIVE. William Woodburn Virginia City. THE FORTY-FOURTH CONGRESS. 201 NEW HAMPSHIRE. SENATORS. Aaron H. Cragin Lebanon. | Bainbridge Wadleigh Milf ord. REPRESENTATIVES. Samuel N. Bell Manchester. | Henry W. Blair Plymouth. | Frank Jones Portsmouth. NEW JERSEY. SENATORS. Frederick T. Frelinghuysen Newark. | Theodore F. Randolph Morristown. REPRESENTATIVES. Augustus W. Cutler. . .Morristown. Samuel A. Dobbins . .Mount Holly. Robert Hamilton Newton. Augustus A Hardenbergh, Jersey City. Miles Ross New Brunswick. Clement H. Sinnickson Salem. Frederick H. Teese Newark. Roscoe Conkling. NEW YORK. SENATORS. .Utica. | Francis Kernan. Charles H. Adams Cohoes. George A. Bagley Watertown. John H. Bagley, jun Catskill. William H. Baker Constantia. Lyman K. Bass Buffalo. George M. Beebe Monticello. Archibald M. Bliss Brooklyn. Simeon B. Chittenden .. .Brooklyn. Samuel S. Cox New York. John M. Davy .Rochester. Smith Ely, jun. 1 New York. David Dudley Field 2 . . .New York. REPRESENTATIVES. H. H. Hathorn. . .Saratoga Springs. Abram S. Hewitt New York. George G. Hoskins Attica. Elbridge G. Lapham . Canandaigua. Elias W. Leavenworth Syracuse. Scott Lord Utica. Clinton D. MacDougall Auburn. Edwin R. Meade New York. Henry B. Metcalfe Westfield. Samuel F. Miller . .North Franklin. Nelson I. Norton 3 Hinsdale. N. Holmes Odell White Plains. .Utica. Thomas C. Platt O wego. John G. Schumaker Brooklyn. Martin I. Townsend Troy. Charles C. B. Walker Corning. Elijah Ward New York. William A. Wheeler Malone. John O. Whitehouse.Poughkeepsie. Andrew Williams Plattsburg. Benjamin A. Willis New York. Fernando Wood New York. Resigned Dec. 12, 1876, having been elected mayor of New- York City. 2 Elected in place of Smith Ely, jun., resigned; took liis seat Jan. 11, 1877. 3 Elected in place of Augustus F. Allen, deceased in 1875; took his seat .Dec. 6, 1875. NORTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. Augustus S. Merrimon , Thomas S. Ashe . . .Wadesborough. Joseph J. Davis Louisburg. John A. Hyman Warrenton. Raleigh. | Matt W. Ransom. REPRESENTATIVES. William M. Robbins Statesville. Alfred M. Scales. . .Greensboro ugh. Robert B. Vance Ashevifle. Weldon. Alfred M. Waddell . . .Wilmington. Jesse T. Yeates . .Murfreesborough. John Sherman. OHIO. SENATORS. .Mansfield. I Allen G. Thurman .Columbus. Henry B. Banning Cincinnati. Jacob P. Cowan Ashland. Lorenzo Danford St. Clairsville. Charles Foster Fostoria. James A. Garfield Hiram. Frank H. Hurd Toledo. William Lawrence. . . Belief ontaine. REPRESENTATIVES. John A. McMahon Dayton. James Monroe Oberlin. Lawrence T. Neal Chillicothe. Henry B. Payne Cleveland. Early F. Poppleton Delaware. Americns V. Rice Ottawa. John S. Savage Wilmington. Milton Sayler Cincinnati. Milton I. Southard Zanesville. John L. Vance Gallipolis. Nelson H. Van Vorhes Athens. Ansel T. Walling Circleville. L. D. Woodworth ....Youngstown. OREGON. SENATORS. James K. Kelly Portland. | JohnH. Mitchell Portland. REPRESENTATIVE. Lafayette Lane i Roseburg. i Elected in place of George A. La Dow, deceased in 1875; took his seat Dec. 6, 1875. Simon Cameron , PENNSYLVANIA. SENATORS. .Harrisburg. | William A. Wallace Clearfield. 202 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Hiester Clymer Reading. Alex. G. Cochrane .Alleghany City. Francis I). Collins Scranton. Albert G. Egbert Franklin. Chapman Freeman . . .Philadelphia. James H. Hopkins Pittsburg. George A. Jenks Brookville. William D. Kelley Philadelphia. W. W. Ketchum i Wilkesbarre. Levi A. Mackev Lock Haven. REPRESENTATIVES. Leyi Maish York. William Mutchler Easton. Charles O Neill Philadelphia. John B. Paoker Sunbury. Joseph Powell Towanda. Samuel J. Randall 2 .. .Philadelphia. James B. Reilly Pottsville. John Eeilly Altoona. John Robbius Philadelphia. Sobieski Ross Coudersport. James Sheakley Greenville. A. Herr Smith Lancaster. William H. Stanton 8 Scrantou. William S. Stenger . Chambersburg. W. Townsend West Chester. Jacob Turney Greensburg. John W. Wallace Newcastle. Alan Wood, jun Conshohocken. Resigned in 1876. Elected speaker Dec. 4, 1876. 3 Elected in place of Winthrop W. Ketchum, resigned; took Ms seat Dec. 4, 1876. RHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. Henry B. Anthony Providence. | Ambrose E. Burnside Providence. REPRESENTATIVES. Latimer W. Ballou Woonsocket. | Benjamin T. Eames Providence. SOUTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. John J. Patterson Charleston. | Thomas J. Robertson Columbia. REPRESENTATIVES. Charles W. Buttz 1 Charleston. I Edward W. M. Mack ey, 2 Charleston. I Robert Smalls Beaufort. Solomon L. Hoge Columbia. | Joseph H. Rainey 3 Georgetown. | Alexander S. Wallace . . .Yorkville. Elected to fill vacancy declared by Congress July 19, 1876 ; took his seat Jan. 23, 1877. 2 Seat declared vacant July 19, 1876. 8 Election unsuccessfully contested by Samuel Lee. TENNESSEE. SENATORS. James E. Bailey 1 Clarksville. Henry Cooper Nashville. Andrew Johnson 2 Greenville. David M. Key 3 Chattanooga. John D. C. Atkins Paris. John M. Bright Fayetteville. William P. Caldwell Gardner. G. G. Dibrell Sparta. REPRESENTATIVES . John F. House Clarksville. William McFarland . . .Morristown. Hay wood Y. Riddle 4 Lebanon. Jacob M. Thornburgh. . .Knoxville. Washington C. Whitthorne, Columbia. Casey Young Memphis. 1 Elected in place of Andrew Johnson, deceased, David M. Key having been appointed pro tern. ; took his seat Jan. 29, 1877. 8 Died July 31, 1875. 8 Appointed in place of Andrew Johnson, deceased ; took his seat Dec. 6, 1875. * Elected to fill vacancy caused by the death of John W. Head and Samuel M. Fite, neither of whom lived to take his seat. Morgan C. Hamilton David B. Culberson Jefferson. John Hancock Austin. TEXAS. SENATORS. Austin. | Sam. Bell Maxey Paris. REPRESENTATIVES. Roger Q. Mills Corsicana. I Gustave Schleicher Cuero. John H. Reagan Palestine. | Jas. W. Throckmorton.McKinney. George F. Edmunds. . . Dudley C. Denison. . . . VERMONT. SENATORS. Burlington. | Justin S. Morrill Strafford. REPRESENTATIVES. . . .Royalton. | George W. Hendee Morrisville. | Charles H. Joyce Rutland. John W. Johnston VIRGINIA. SENATORS. . Abingdon. | Robert E. Withers Wytheville. REPRESENTATIVES. George C. Cabell Danville. Beverly B. Douglas Ayletts. John Goode, jun. 1 Norfolk. John T. Harris Harrisonburg. Eppa Hunt on Warrenton. William H. H. Stowell .Burkeville. William Terry Wythevillo. John Randolph Tucker .Lexington. Gilbert C. Walker Richmond. Election unsuccessfully contested by James II. Platt, jun. THE FORTY-FOURTH CONGRESS. 203 WEST VIRGINIA. SENATORS. Allen T. Caperton 1 Union. Frank Hereford 2 Henry G. Davis Piedmont. Samuel Price 8 . . . . Union. .Lewisburg. REPRESENTATIVES. Charles J. Faulkner. .Martinsburg. | Frank Hereford 2 Union. | Benjamin Wilson Wilsonburg. * Died July 26. 1876. * Elected senator in place of Allen T. Caperton, deceased, Samuel Price having been appointed pro tern.; took his seat Jan. 31, 1877. s Appointed in place of Allen T. Caperton, deceased; took his seat Dec. 4, 1876. WISCONSIN. SENATORS. Angus Cameron La Crosse. | Timothy O. Howe Green Bay. REPRESENTATIVES. Samuel D. Burchard. .Beaver Dam. Alanson M. Kimball . . .Pine River. Jeremiah M. Rusk Viroqua. Lucien B. Caswell. .Fort Atkinson. William Pitt Lynde. . . .Milwaukee. Charles G. Williams. . . . Janesville. George W. Cate . . . .Stevens Point. Henry S. Magoon Darlington. ARIZONA TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Hiram S. Stevens Tucson. COLORADO TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Thomas M. Patterson Denver. DAKOTA TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Jefferson P. Kidder Vermilion. IDAHO TERRITORY. DELEGATES. Thomas W. Bennett 1 Boise City. | Stephen S. Fenn 2 Mount Idaho. 1 Election successfully contested by Stephen S. Fenn. 2 Successfully contested the election of Thomas W. Bennett; took his seat June 23, 1876. MONTANA TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Martin Maginnis . Helena. TERRITORY OF NEW MEXICO. DELEGATE. Stephens. Elkins Santa Fe\ UTAH TERRITORY. DELEGATE. George Q. Cannon Salt Lake City. WASHINGTON TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Orange Jacobs Seattle. WYOMING TERRITORY. DELEGATE. William R. Steele Cheyenne. 204 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. TIE FORTY-FIFTH CONGKESS. First Session, from Oct. 15, 1877, to Dec. 3, 1877. Second Session, from Dec. 3, 1877, to June 20, 1878. Third Session, from Dec. 2, 1878, to March 3, 1879. Vice-President. WILLIAM A. WHEELER of New York. President of the Senate pro tempore. THOMAS "W. FERRY of Michigan, elected March 5, 1877, in special session; again elected Feb. 26, 1878; and again elected April 17, 1878. Secretary of the Senate. GEORGE C. GORHAM of California. Speaker of the House. SAMUEL J. RANDALL of Pennsylvania, elected Oct. 15, 1877. ALABAMA. SENATORS. JohnT. Morgan Selma. | George E. Spencer Decatur. REPRESENTATIVES. William H. Forney. . .Jacksonville. William W. Garth Huntsville. Hilary A. Herbert. . . .Montgomery. G. W. Hewitt Birmingham. James T. Jones Demopolis. Robert F. Ligon Tuskegee. Charles M. Shelley Selma. Jere N. Williams Clayton. Horace F. Page Placerville. Peter D. Wigginton Merced. ARKANSAS. SENATORS. Stephen W. Dorsey Helena. | Augustus H. Garland Little Rock. REPRESENTATIVES. Jordan E. Cravens Clarksville. I Thomas M. Gunter Fayetteville. Lucien C. Gause Jacksonport. | William M. Siemens Monticello. CALIFORNIA. SENATORS. Newton Booth Sacramento. | Aaron A. Sargent Nevada City. REPRESENTATIVES. Horace Davis San Francisco. John K. Luttrell Santa Rosa. R. Pacheco * San Luis Obispo. 1 Received the certificate of election ; but the House gave the seat to P. D. Wigginton Feb. 7, 1878. COLORADO. SENATORS. Jerome B. Chaffee Denver. | Henry M. Teller Central City. REPRESENTATIVES. James B. Belford 1 Central City. | Thomas M. Patterson Denver. 1 Received the certificate of election ; but the House gave the seat to T. M. Patterson Dec. 13, 1877. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. William H. Barnum Lime Rock. | William W. Eaton Hartford. REPRESENTATIVES. George M. Landers New Britain. I John T. Wait Norwich. James Phelps Essex. Levi Warner Norwalk. THE FORTY-FIFTH CONGRESS. 205 DELAWARE. SENATORS. Thomas F. Bayard Wilmington. | Eli Saulsbury Dover. REPRESENTATIVE. James Williams Kenton. FLORIDA. SENATORS. Simon B. Conover Tallahassee. | Charles W. Jones Pensacola. REPRESENTATIVES. Horatio Bisbee, jun Jacksonville. | R. H. M. Davidson Quincy. John B. Gordon . Hiram P. Bell Gumming. James H. Blount Macon. Milton A. Candler Atlanta. GEORGIA. SENATORS. Atlanta. | Benjamin H. Hill REPRESENTATIVES. Philip Cook Americus. William H. Felton Cartersville. Henry R. Harris Greenville. .Atlanta. Julian Hartridge Savannah. William E. Smith Albany. Alex. H. Stephens.. .Crawfordville. David Davis ILLINOIS. SENATORS. .Bloomington. | Richard J. Oglesby. .Decatur. William Aldrich Chicago. Thomas A. Boyd Lewiston. Lorenzo Bretano Chicago. H. C. Burchard Frceport. Joseph G. Cannon Tuscola. John R. Eden Sullivan. Greenbury L. Fort Lacon. REPRESENTATIVES. Carter H. Harrison Chicago. William Hartzell Chester. Philip C. Hayes Morris. Thomas J. Henderson. . .Princeton. Robert M. Knapp Jerseyville. William Lathrop Rockford. B. F. Marsh Warsaw. William R. Morrison . . . .Waterloo. W. A. J. Sparks Carlyle. William M. Springer . . . Springfield. Thomas F. Tipton . . .Bloomington. R. W. Townshend.. .Shawneetown. INDIANA. SENATORS. Joseph E. McDonald. .Indianapolis. | Oliver P. Morton * Indianapolis. | Daniel W. Voorhees 2 .Terre Haute. John H. Baker Goshen. George A. Bicknell. . .New Albany. Thomas M. Browne Winchester. William H. Calkins La Porte. Thomas R. Cobb Vincennes. REPRESENTATIVES. James L. Evans Noblesville. B. S. Fuller Boonville. A. H. Hamilton Fort Wayne. John Hanna Indianapolis. M. C. Hunter Bloomington. M. S. Robinson Anderson. Leonidas Sexton Rushville. M. D. White Crawfordsville. 1 Died Nov. 1, 1877. * Appointed in the place of O. P. Morton, deceased; took his seat Nov. 12, 1877. IOWA. SENATORS. Theodore W. Burdick Decorah. Rush Clark . Tnwn. nit.v REPRESENT Nathaniel C. Deerir ATIVES. la Osage. Onawa. TT .T "R ririmrmncrs "Wintfirsfit. ..Davenport. .Iowa City. John James Ingalls . . Dudley C. Haskell.... James B. Beck. E. S. Sampson Sigourney. William F. Sapp Council Bluffs. J. C. Stone Burlington. KANSAS. SENATORS. Atchison. | P. B. Plumb Emporia. REPRESENTATIVES. , .Lawrence. | William A. Phillips Salina. | Thomas Ryan Topeka. KENTUCKY. SENATORS. Lexington. | Thomas C. McCreery Owensborougb, 206 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. J. C. S. Blackburn Versailles. Andrew R. Boone Mayfield. John W. Caldwell Russellville. John G. Carlisle Covington. REPRESENTATIVES. John B. Clark Brookville. Milton J. Durham Danville. J. Proctor Knott Lebanon. James A. McKensie Longview. Thomas Turner Mt. Sterling. Albert S. Willis Louisville. LOUISIANA. SENATORS. J. B. Eustis New Orleans. | "William Pitt Kellogg New Orleans. REPRESENTATIVES. J. Hayes Acklen. . . .Pattersonville. J. B. Elam Mansfield. E. John Ellis New Orleans. Randall L. Gibson . . . New Orleans. i Died March 15, 1878. John E. Leonard 1 Monon. Edw. W. Robertson. .Baton Rouge. MAINE. SENATORS. James G. Elaine Augusta. | Hannibal Hamlin Bangor. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas B. Reed Portland. "William P. Frye Lewiston. Eugene Hale Ellsworth. Stephen D. Lindsey.Norridgewock. Llewellyn Powers Houlton. George R. Dennis . Eli Jones Henkle Brooklyn. Daniel M. Henry Cambridge. MARYLAND. SENATORS. .Kingston. | W. Pinkney "Whyte Baltimore. REPRESENTATIVES. "William Kimmell Baltimore. Charles B. Roberts. . .Westminster. Thomas Swann Baltimore. William Walsh Cumberland. Henry L. Dawes Nathaniel P. Banks Waltham. Benjamin F. Butler Lowell. William Claflin Newton. William W. Crapo. . .New Bedford. MASSACHUSETTS. SENATORS. Pittsfield. | George F. Hoar . REPRESENTATIVES. Benjamin Dean Boston. Walbridge A. Field l Boston. B. W. Harris East Bridgewater. George B. Loring Salem. .Worcester. Leopold Morse Boston. Amasa Norcross Fitchburg. William W. Rice Worcester. George D. Robinson Chicopee. Received the certificate of election ; but the House gave the seat to B. Dean March 28, 1878. Isaac P. Christiancy. Mark S. Brewer Pontiac. Omar D. Conger Port Huron. Charles C. Ellsworth.. . .Greenville. MICHIGAN. SENATORS. Lansing. | Thomas W. Ferry. REPRESENTATIVES. Jay A. Hubbell Houghton. E. W. Keightley .Constantino. J. H. McGowan Cold Water. John W. Stone Grand Rapids. A. S. Williams Detroit. Edwin Willits Monroe. MINNESOTA. SENATORS. Samuel J. R. McMillan. St. Paul. | William Windom Winona. REPRESENTATIVES . Mark H. Dunnell Owatonna. | Jacob H. Stewart St. Paul. | Horace B. Strait Shakopee. Blanche K. Bruce. . Oxford. MISSISSIPPI. SENATORS. Floreyville. | Lucius Q. C. Lamar REPRESENTATIVES. J. R. Chalmers Friar s Point. I Van H. Manning Holly Springs. H. L. Muldrow Starkville. Charles O. Hooker Jackson. | Hernando D. Money Winona. Otho R. Singleton Canton. THE FORTY-FIFTH CONGRESS. 207 MISSOURI. SENATORS. Lewis V. Bogy St. Louis. | Francis Marion Cockrell. . "Warrensbu rgh. Richard P. Bland Lebanon. Aylett H. Buckiier Mexico. John B. Clark, jun Fayette. Nathan Cole St. Louis. T. T. Crittenden. . . .Warrensburgh. REPRESENTATIVES. B. J. Franklin Kansas City. Robert G. Frost 1 St. Louis. John M. Glover La Grange. R. A. Hatcher New Madrid. Anthony Ittner St. Louis. i Contested the seat of Lynde S. Metcalfe. Lynde S. Metcalfe St. Louis. Charles H. Morgan Lamar. Henry M. Pollard Chillicothe. David Rea. Sayannah. NEBRASKA. SENATORS. Algernon S. Paddock Beatrice. | Alvin Saunders Omaha. REPRESENTATIVE. Frank Welch Norfolk. NEVADA. SENATORS. John P. Jones Gold Hill. | William Sharon Virginia City. REPRESENTATIVE. Thomas Wren Eureka. NEW HAMPSHIRE. SENATORS. Edward H. Rollins Concord. | Bainbridge Wadleigh Milford. REPRESENTATIVES. Henry W. Blair Plymouth. | James F. Briggs Manchester. | Frank Jones Portsmouth. NEW JERSEY. SENATORS. John R. McPherson Jersey City. | Theodore F. Randolph Morristown. REPRESENTATIVES. Alvah A. Clark Somerville. Thomas B. Peddie Newark. C. H. Sinnickson Salem. Augustus W. Cutler. . .Morristown. J. Howard Pugh Burlington. A. A. Hardenbergh. . . .Jersey City. Miles Ross New Brunswick. NEW YORK. SENATORS. Roscoe Conkling Utica. | Francis Kernan Utica. REPRESENTATIVES. William J. Bacon Utica. Jeremiah W. Dwight Dryden. Anson G. McCook New York. George A. Bagley Watertown. Anthony Eickhoff New York. Nicolas Muller New York. William H. Baker Constantia. E. Kirke Hart Rochester. G. W. Patterson Westfield. George M. Beebe Monticello. Abram S. Hewitt New York. C. N. Potter New Rochelle. Charles B. Benedict Attica. Frank Hiscock Syracuse. T. J. Quinn 1 Albany. Archibald M. Bliss Brooklyn. J. N. Hungerford Corning. J. H. Starin Fultonville. Solomon Bundy Oxford. A. B.James Ogdensburgh. Martin I. Tovrnsend Troy. John H. Camp Lyons. J. H. Ketcham Dover Plains. William I). Veeder Brooklyn. S. B. Chittenden Brooklyn. E. G. Lapham Canandaigua. Andrew Williams Plattsburgh. James W. Covert Flushing. D. N. Lockwood Buffalo. Benjamin A. Willis Nesv York. S. S. Cox New York. S. L. Mayham Schoharie. Fernando Wood New York. Died at Albany, N.Y., June 18, 1878. NORTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. Augustus S. Merrimon Raleigh. | Matt W. Ransom Weldon. REPRESENTATIVES. C. H. Brogden Goldsborough. A. M. Scales Greensborough. A. M. Waddell Wilmington. Joseph J. Davis Louisburgh. W. L. Steele Rockinghaiii. J. J. Yates Murfreesborough. William M. Robbins Statesville. R. B. Vance Asheville. 208 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. OHIO. SENATORS. Stanley Matthews * Cincinnati. | John Sherman 2 Mansfield. | Allen G. Thurman Columbus. Henry B. Banning Cincinnati. Jacob D. Cox Toledo. L. Danford St. Clairsville. Henry L. Dickey Greenfield. Thomas Ewing Lancaster. E. B. Finley Bucyrus. Charles Foster Fostoria. REPRESENTATIVES. Miles Gardner "Washington C.H. James A. Garfield Hiram. John S. Jones Delaware. J. Warren Keif er Springfield. W. McKinley Cannonsburg. J. A. McMahon Dayton. James Monroe Oberlin. Henry S. Neal Ironton. A. V. Rice Ottawa. Milton Sayler Cincinnati. M. I. Southward Zanesville. Amos Townsend Cleveland. N. H. Van Vorhes Athens. Elected senator in place of John Sherman, resigned. 2 Resigned March 8, 1877, on having been appointed secretary of the treasury. OREGON. SENATORS. Lafayette F. Grover. Salem. | John H. Mitchell Portland. REPRESENTATIVE. Richard Williams Portland. PENNSYLVANIA. SENATORS. J. Don Cameron * Harrisburgh. | Simon Cameron 2 Harrisburgh. | William A. Wallace Clearfield. Thomas M. Bayne Pittsburgh. S. A. Bridges Allentown. Jacob M. Campbell . . . .Johnstown. Heister Clymer Reading. F. D. Collins Scranton. Russell Errett Pittsburgh. I. Newton Evans Hatborough. Chapman Freeman . . .Philadelphia. A. C. Harmer Philadelphia. REPRESENTATIVES. William D. Kelley Philadelphia. J. W. Killinger Philadelphia. L. A. Mackey Lock Haven. Levi Maish York. John I. Mitchell Wellsborough. Charles O Neil Philadelphia. Edward Overton Towanda. S. J. Randall Philadelphia. J. B. Reilly Pottsville. W. S. Shallenberger Rochester. A. Herr Smith Lancaster. W. S. Stenger Chambersburgh. J. M. Thompson Butler. Jacob Turney Greeusburgh. William Ward Chester. Lewis F. Watson Warren. Harry White Indiana. H. B. Wright Wilkesbarre. 1 Elected senator in place of Simon Cameron, resigned. * Resigned March 3, 1877. RHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. Henry B. Anthony Providence. | Ambrose E. Burnside Providence. REPRESENTATIVES. Latimer W. Ballou Woonsocket. | Benjamin T. Eames Providence. SOUTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. M. C. Butler Edgefield C.H. | David T. Corbin l Charleston. | J. J. Patterson Columbia. REPRESENTATIVES. D. Wyatt Aiken Cokesbury. I J. H. Evans Spartanburgh. j J. S. Richardson 8 Sumter. Richard H. Cain 2 Charleston. | Joseph H. Rainey Georgetown. | Robert Smalls Beaufort. 1 Contests the seat held by Mr. Butler. * Seat contested by M. P. O Connor. Contests the seat claimed by Mr. Rainey. James E. Bailey. J. D. C. Atkins,, Paris. John M. Bright Fayetteville. W. P. Caldwell Gardner. George G. Dibrell Sparta. TENNESSEE. SENATORS. Clarksville. | Isham G. Harris. REPRESENTATIVES . John F. House Clarksville. James H. Randolph Newport. W. M. Randolph f, Memphis. H. Y. Riddle Lebanon. 1 Contested the seat of Casey Young. .Nashville. J. M. Thornburgh. , W. C. Whitthorne. Casey Young .Knoxville. .Columbia. ..Memphis. Richard Coke. TEXAS. SENATORS. .Waco. | Samuel Bell Maxey. .Paris D. B. Culberson Jefferson. D. C. Giddinga Brenham. REPRESENTATIVES. Roger Q. Mills Corsicana. John H. Reagan Palestine. G. Schleicher J. W. Throckmorton. . Cuero. .McKiuney. THE FORTY-FIFTH CONGRESS. 209 VERMONT. SENATORS. GeorgeF. Edmunds Burlington. | Justin S. Morrill Strafford. REPRESENTATIVES. D. C. Denison Royalton. | G. W. Hendee Morrisville. | Charles H. Joyce Rutland. VIRGINIA. SENATORS. John W. Jolmston Abingdon. | Robert E. Withers Wytheville. REPRESENTATIVES. George C. Cabell Danville. Beverly B. Douglas Aylett s. John Goode, jun Norfolk. J. T. Harris Harrisonburgh. W. E. Hinton Petersburgh. Eppa Hunton Warrenton. Joseph Jorgensen Petersburgh. A. L. Pridemore Jonesville. J. Randolph Tucker . . . .Lexington. Gilbert C. Walker Richmond. WEST VIRGINIA. SENATORS. Henry G. Davis Piedmont. | Frank Hereford Union. REPRESENTATIVES. John E. Kenna Kanawha C.H. | B. F. Martin Pruntytown. | B. Wilson Wilsonburgh. WISCONSIN. SENATORS. Angus Cameron La Crosse. | Timothy O. Howe Green Bay. REPRESENTATIVES. Gabriel Bouck Oshkosh. E. S. Bragg Fond du Lac. L. B. Caswell Fort Atkinson. G. C. Hazelton Boscobel. H. L. Humphrey Hudson. W. P. Lynde Milwaukee. ARIZONA TERRITORY. T. C. Pound Chippewa Falls. C. G. Williams Janes ville. DELEGATE. Hiram S. Stevens Tucson. DAKOTA TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Jefferson P. Kidder Vermilion. IDAHO TERRITORY. DELEGATE. S. S. Fenn Mt. Idaho. MONTANA TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Martin Maginnis Helena. TERRITORY OF NEW MEXICO. DELEGATE. Trinidad Romero Santa FC*. UTAH TERRITORY. DELEGATE. George Q. Cannon Salt Lake City. WASHINGTON TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Orange Jacobs Seattle. WYOMING TERRITORY. DELEGATE. W. W. Corbett Cheyenne. SESSIONS OF CONGRESS. CONGRESS. SESSION. BEGAN. ENDED. LENGTH. LOCATION. Continental, First, September 5, 1774, October 26, 1774, 52 days, Philadelphia. Second, May 10, 1775, December 12, 1776, 582 " <i Third, December 20, 1776, March 4, 1777, 75 " Baltimore. Fourth, March 4, 1777, September 18, 1777, 199 " Philadelphia. Fifth, September 27, 1777, September 27, 1777, Iday, Lancaster. Sixth, September 30, 1777, June 27, 1778, 272 days, York. Seventh, July 2, 1778, June 21, 1783, 1816 " Philadelphia. Eighth, June 30, 1783, November 4, 1783, 127 " Princeton. Ninth, November 26, 1783, June 3, 1784, 189 " Annapolis. Tenth, November 1, 1784, December 24, 1784, 54 " Treuton. Eleventh, January 11, 1785, November 4, 1785, 298 " New York. Twelfth, November 7, 1785, November 3, 1786, 362 " u Thirteenth, November 6, 1786, October 30, 1787, 359 " ii Fourteenth, November 5, 1787, October 21, 1788, 353 " ii First, First, March 4, 1789, September 29, 1789, 210 " <i u Second, January 4, 1790, August 12, 1790, 221 " 11 Third, December 6, 1790, March 3, 1791, 88 " Philadelphia. Second, First, October 24, 1791, May 8, 1792, 197 (i u Second, November 5, 1792, March 2, 1793, 119 i Third, First, December 2, 1793, June 9, 1794, 190 ii it Second, November 3, 1794, March 3, 1795, 121 < Fourth, First, December 7, 1795, June 1, 1796, 177 < " Second, December 5, 1796, March 3, 1797, 89 i Fifth, First, May 15, 1797, July 10, 1797, 57 it Second, November 13, 1797, July 16, 1798, 246 < it Third, December 3, 1798, March 3, 1799, 91 i Sixth, First, December 2, 1795), May 14, 1800, 164 i " Second, November 17, 1800, March 3, 1801, 107 < Seventh, First, December 7, 1801, May 3, 1802, 148 < it Second, December G, 1802, March 3, 1803, 88 i Eighth, First, October 17, 1803, March 27, 1804, 163 < it Second, November 5, 1804, March 3, 1805, 119 < Ninth, First, December 2, 1805, April 21, 1806, 141 " < it Second, December 1, 1806, March 3, 1807, 93 " i Tenth, First, October 26, 1807, April 25, 1808, 182 " < " Second, November 7, 1808, March 3, 1809, 117 " i Eleventh, First, May 22, 1809, June 28, 1809, 38 ii " Second, November 27, 1809, May 1, 1810, 156 u ii Third, December 3, 1810, March 3, 1811, 91 u Twelfth, First, November 4, 1811, July 6, 1812, 245 u " Second, November 2, 1812, March 3, 1813, 122 Thirteenth, First, May 24, 1813, August 2, 1813, 71 < " Second, December 6, 1813, April 18, 1814, 134 ti u Third, September 19, 1814, March 2, 1815, 166 ii Fourteenth, First, December 4, 1815, April 30, 1816, 148 u " Second, December 2, 1816, March 3, 1817, 92 ii Fifteenth, , First, December 1, 1817, April 20, 1818, 141 u " Second, November 16, 1818, March 3, 1819, 108 1C Sixteenth, First, December 6, 1819, May 15, 1820, 162 ii " Second, November 13, 1820, March 3, 1821, 111 ii Seventeenth, First, December 3, 1821, May 8, 1822, 157 Washington. " Second, December 2, 1822, March 3, 1823, 92 ii Eighteenth, First, December 1, 1823, May 27, 1824, 178 < ci " Second, December 6, 1824, March 3, 1825, 88 u Nineteenth, First, December 5, 1825, May 22, 1826, 169 it " Second, December 4, 1826, March 3, 1827, 90 i< Twentieth, First, December 3, 1827, May 26, 1828, 175 " it Second, December 1, 1828, March 3, 1829, 93 " ii Twenty-first, First, Second, December 7, 182!), December 6, 18:50, May 31, 1830, March 3, 1831, 176 " 88 ii (i Twenty-second, First, December 5, 1831, July 16, 1832, 225 ii " Second, December 3, 1832, March 2, 1833, 91 ii Twenty-third, First, December 2, 1833, June 30, 1834, 211 u " Second, December 1, 1834, March 3, 1835, 93 II 210 SESSIONS OF CONGRESS. 211 CONGKESS. SESSION. BEGAN. ENDED. LENGTH. LOCATION. Twenty-fourth, First, Second, December 7, 1835, December 5, 1836, July 4, 1836, March 3, 1837, 211 days, 89 " Washington. Twenty-fifth, First, Second, September 4, 1837, December 4, 1837, October 16, 1837, July 9, 1838, 43 " 218 " ! " Third, December 3, 1838, March 3, 1839, 91 " < Twenty-sixth, First, Second, December 2, 1839, December 7, 1840, July 21, 1840, March 3, 1841, 233 " 87 " ! Twenty-seventh, First, Second, May 31, 184], December 6, 1841, September 13, 1841, August 31, 1842, 106 269 1 " Third, December 5, 1842, March 3, 1843, 89 < Twenty-eighth, First,| December 4, 1843, June 17, 1844, 196 < " Second, December 2, 1844, March 3, 1845, 92 Twenty-ninth, First, Second, December 1, 1845, December 7, 1840, August 10, 1846, March 3, 1847, 253 87 1 Thirtieth, First, December 6, 1847, August 14, 1848, 254 " Second, December 4, 1848, March 3, 1849, 90 Thirty-first, First, December 3, 1849, September 30, 1850, 302 " Second, December 2, 1850, March 3, 1851, 92 Thirty-second, First, December 1, 1851, August 31, 1852, 275 1 " Second, December 6, 1852, March 3, 1853, 88 Thirty-third, First, December 5, 1853, August 7, 1854, 246 " Second, December 4, 1854, March 3, 1855, 90 " Thirty-fourth, First, December 3, 1855, August 18, 1856, 260 1 " Second, August 21, 1856, August 30, 1856, 10 1 " Third, December 1, 1856, March 3, 1857, 93 1 Thirty-fifth, First, December 7, 1857, June 14, 1858, 189 " Second, December 6, 1858, March 3, 1859, 88 < 1 Thirty-sixth, First, Decembers, 1859, June 25, 1860, 202 1 " Second, December 3, 1860, March 3, 1861, 93 11 Thirty-seventh, First, July 4, 1861, August 6, 1861, 34 1 " Second, December 2, 1861, July 17, 1862, 228 1 ii Third, December 1, 1862, March 3, 1863, 94 1 Thirty-eighth, First, December 7, 1863, July 4, 1864, 209 1 " Second, December 5, 1864, March 3, 1865, 90 1 Thirty-ninth, First, December 4, 1865, July 28, 1866, 237 1 " Second, December 3, 1866, March 3, 1867, 92 I Fortieth, First, March 4, 1867, March 30, 1867, 26 Julv 3, 1867, July 20, 1867, 18 1 November 21, 1867, December 2, 1867, 12 Second, December 2, 1867, July 27, 1868, 239 " 1 September 21, 1868, September 21, 1868, 1 day, " October 16, 1868, October 16, 1868, 1 " " November 10, 1868, November 10, 1868, 1 " " Third, December 7, 1868, March 3, 1869, 87 days, It Forty-first, First, March 4, 1869, April 10, 1869, 37 " " Second, December 6, 1869, July 15, 1870, 222 " Third, December 5, 1870, March 3, 1871, 90 " Forty-second, First, March 4, 1871, April 20, 1871, 47 " " " Second, December 4, 1871, June 10, 1872, 190 " " (C Third, December 2, 1872, March 3, 1873, 91 Forty-third, First, December 1, 1873, June 23, 1874, 204 1 * u Second, December 7, 1874, March 3, 1875, 87 Forty-fourth, First, December 6, 1875, August 15, 1876, 254 M Second, December 4, 1876, March 3, 1877, 90 Forty-fifth, First, Second, October 15, 1877, December 3, 1877, December 3, 1877, June 20, 1878, 50 200 Third, December 2, 1878, March 3, 1879, 92 THE EXECUTIVE. THE EXECUTIVE. FIRST ADMINISTRATION. WASHINGTON. March 4, 1789-March 3, 1791. GEORGE WASHINGTON of Virginia was unanimously elected, receiving 69 electoral votes. His cabinet was: Secretary of State. Thomas Jefferson of Virginia, appointed Sept. 26, 1789. Secretary of the Treasury. Alexander Hamilton of New York, appointed Sept. 11, 1789. Secretary of War and of the Navy. Henry Knox of Massachusetts, appointed Sept. 12, 1789. Attorney-General Edmund Randolph of Virginia, appointed Sept. 2<5, 1789. JOHN ADAMS of Massachusetts was elected Vice-President, receiving 34 votes; while John Jay had 9 votes; Robert H. Harrison, 6; John Rutledge, 6; John Hancock, 4; George Clinton, 3; Samuel Huntington, 2; James Armstrong, 1; Edward Telf air, 1; and Benjamin Lincoln, 1. SECOND ADMINISTRATION. WASHINGTON. March 4, 1791-March 3, 1797. GEORGE WASHINGTON of Virginia was unanimously re-elected President, receiving 132 votes. His cabinet was: cut, Feb 1795 Secretaries of War and of the Navy. Henry Knox, continued ; Timothy Pickering of Massachusetts, Jan. 2,1795; James McHenry of Maryland, Jan. 27, 17 ( J6. Attorneys-General. Edmund Randolph of Virginia, continued; William Bradford of Pennsylvania, Jan. 28, 1794; Charles Lee of Virginia, Dec. 10, 1795. JOHN ADAMS of Massachusetts was re-elected Vice-President, receiving 77 votes; while George Clinton had 50 votes; Thomas Jefferson, 4; and Aaron Burr, 1. THIRD ADMINISTRATION. JOHN ADAMS. March 4, 1797-March 3, 1801. JOHN ADAMS of Massachusetts was elected President, receiving the entire vote of New Hampshire, Mas sachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, Vermont, New York, New Jersey, and Delaware, with 10 scattering votes from other States, making 71 of the 140 votes cast. His cabinet was: Secretaries of State. Timothy Pickering of Massachusetts, continued; John Marshall of Virginia, May 13, 1800. Secretaries of the Treasury. Oliver Wolcott of Connecticut, continued; Samuel Dexter of Massachusetts, Jan. 1, 1801. Secretaries of War. James McHenry of Maryland, continued; Samuel Dexter of Massachusetts, May 13, 1800. Secretaries of the Navy. George Cabot of Massachusetts, May 3, 1798; Benjamin Stoddard of Maryland, May 21, 1798. Attorney-General. Charles Lee of Virginia, continued. THOMAS JEFFERSON of Virginia was elected Vice-President, having the next highest number of votes to the President, 68; while Thomas Pinkney had 58; Aaron Burr, 30; Samuel Adams, 15; Oliver Ellsworth, 11; George Clinton, 7; John Jay, 5; James Iredell, 3; Samuel Johnston, 2; George Washington, 2; John Henry, 2; and Charles C. Pinckney, 1. FOURTH ADMINISTRATION. JEFFERSON. March 4, 1801-March 3, 1805. THOMAS JEFFERSON of Virginia was elected President by the House of Representatives, he and Aaron Burr having each received 73 electoral votes; while John Adams had 65 votes; Charles C. Pinckney had 64; and John Jay, 1. The House of Representatives voted to commence balloting on Wednesday, Feb. 11, 1801, and not to adjourn until a choice was effected. Seats were provided upon the floor for^the President and the senators; but, during the act of 1 Upon the first ballot. New York, Tennessee (8) voted lor Thomas t, , , , ware, and South Carolina (0) voted for Aaron Burr; and the votes of Vermont and Maryland (the representa tives of which were divided) were given blank. The balloting was continued, and the House remained m 215 216 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. session, nominally without adjournment, for seven days, during which 104: members were present. Some of them were so infirm or indisposed, that it was necessary to provide beds for them; and one member, who was quite ill, was attended by his wife. On the thirty-sixth ballot, which was taken on the afternoon of the 17th, the votes of Delaware and South Carolina were given blank; while those of Vermont and Maryland were given to Mr. Jefferson, and elected him. His cabinet was: Secretary of State. James Madison of Virginia, March 5, 1801. Secretary of the Treasury. Albert Gallatin of Pennsylvania, May 14, 1801. Secretary of War. Henry Dearborn of Massachusetts, March 5, 1801. Secretaries of the Navy. Benjamin Stoddard of Maryland, continued ; Robert Smith of Maryland, July 15, 1801; Jacob Crowninshield of Massachusetts, March 2, 1805. Attorneys-General. Levi Lincoln of Massachusetts, March 5, 1801 ; Robert Smith of Maryland, March 2, 1805. AARON BURR of New York became Vice-President when Mr. Jefferson was elected President. FIFTH ADMINISTRATION. JEFFERSON. March 4, 1805-March 3, 1809. THOMAS JEFFERSON of Virginia was re-elected President, receiving 162 of the 170 votes cast. This com prised the entire electoral vote of all the States, except Connecticut, Delaware, and Maryland; the two first of which threw their full vote for Charles Cotesworth Pinckney, and the last gave 9 votes for Mr. Jefferson, and 2 for Mr. Pinckney. His cabinet was: Secretary of State. James Madison of Virginia, continued. Secretary of the Treasim/. Albert Gallatin of Pennsylvania, continued. Secretary of War. Henry Dearborn of Massachusetts, continued. Secretary of the Navy. Jacob Crowninshield of Massachusetts, continued. Attorneys-General. Robert Smith of Maryland, continued; John Breckinridge of Kentucky, Dec. 25, 1805; Caasar A. Rodney of Delaware, Jan. 20, 1807. GEORGE CLINTON of New York was elected Vice-President, receiving 162 of the 176 votes cast. This com prised the entire electoral vote of all the States, except 9 from Connecticut, 3 from Delaware, and 2 of the 11 votes from Maryland, making 14 votes for Rufus King of New York. SIXTH ADMINISTRATION. MADISON. March 4, 1809-March 3, 1813. JAMES MADISON of Virginia was elected President, having received the entire electoral vote of Vermont, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Georgia, Tennessee, Kentucky, and Ohio, and 13 of the 19 votes of New York, 9 of the 11 of Maryland, and 11 of the 14 of North Carolina, in all, 122 of the 175 votes cast. George Clinton received 6 votes of New York; and the remaining 47 were given to Charles Cotesworth Pinckuey. His cabi net was : Secretaries of State. Robert Smith of Maryland, March 6, 1809; James Monroe of Virginia, April 2, 1811. Secretary of the Treasury. Albert Gallatin of Pennsylvania, continued. Secretaries of War. William Eustis of Massachusetts, March 7, 1809; John Armstrong of New York, Jan. 13, 1813. Secretaries of the Navy. Paul Hamilton of South Carolina, March 7, 1809; William Jones of Pennsylvania, Jan. 12, 1813. Attorneys-General. Cresar A. Rodney of Delaware, continued ; William Pinkney of Maryland, Dec. 1 1, 181 1. GEORGE CLINTON of New York was elected Vice-President, receiving 113 votes; while Rufus King had 47; Jarnea Madison, 3; and James Monroe, 3. SEVENTH ADMINISTRATION. MADISON. March 4, 1813-March 3, 1817. JAMES MADISON of Virginia was re-elected President, having received the entire electoral vote of Ver mont, Pennsylvania, Virginia, North and South Carolina, Georgia, Kentucky, Tennessee, Ohio, and Louisiana, and 6 of the 11 votes of Maryland, in all, 128 of the 217 votes cast. The remaining 89 were given for De Witt Clinton of New York. His cabinet was : Secretary of State. James Monroe of Virginia, continued. Secretaries of the Treasury. Albert Gallatin of Pennsylvania, continued; George W. Campbell of Ten nessee, Feb. 9, 1814; Alexander J. Dallas of Pennsylvania, Oct. 6, 1814. Secretaries of War. John Armstrong of New York, continued; James Monroe of Virginia, Sept. 26, 1814; William II. Crawford of Georgia, March 3, 1815. Secretaries of the Navy. William Jones of Pennsylvania, continued; Benjamin W. Crowninshield of Massachusetts, Dec. 19, 1814. Attorneys- General. William Pinkney of Maryland, continued; Richard Rush, Feb. 10, 1814. ELBRIDGE GERRY of Massachusetts was elected Vice-President, receiving 131 votes ; while Jared Ingersoll had 86. EIGHTH ADMINISTRATION. MONROE. March 4, 1817-March 3, 1821. JAMES MONROE of Virginia was elected President, having received the entire electoral vote of every State, except Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Delaware, in all, 183 of the 217 votes cast; the remaining 34 being given for Rufus King. His cabinet was : Secretary of State. John Q. Adams of Massachusetts, March 5, 1817. Secretary of the Treasury. William H. Crawford of Georgia, Oct. 22, 1817. Secretary of War. John C. Calhpun of South Carolina, Dec. 15, 1817. Secretaries of the Navy. Benjamin W. Crowuinshield of Massachusetts, continued; Smith Thompson of New York, Nov. 9, 1818. Attorney-General. William Wirt of Virginia, Dec. 15, 1817. DANIEL D. TOMPKINS of New York was elected Vice-President, receiving 183 votes; while John E. How ard had 22 votes; James Ross, 5; John Marshall, 4; and Robert G. Harper, 3. PRESIDENTS AND THEIR CABINETS. 217 NINTH ADMINISTRATION. MONROE. March 4, 1821-March 3, 1825. Secretary of the Treasury. William H. Crawford of Georgia, continued. Secretan/ of War. John C. Calhoun of South Carolina, continued. Secretaries of the Navy. Smith Thompson of New York, continued; Samuel L. Southard of New Jersey, Sept. 16, 1823. Attorney-General. William "Wirt of Virginia, continued. DANIEL D. TOMPKINS of New York was re-elected Vice-President, receiving 215 votes: while Richard Stockton had 8 votes; Daniel Rodney, 4; Eobert G. Harper, 1; and Richard Rush 1. TENTH ADMINISTRATION. J. Q. ADAMS. March 4, 1825-March 3, 1829. JOHN QUINCY ADAMS of Massachusetts was elected President by the House of Representatives the elec toral college not giving either of the four candidates Andrew Jackson, John Quincy Adams, William H. Crawford, or Henry Clay the requisite majority, which was 132 votes. Andrew Jackson received 99 votes, Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, and Connecticut, and 20 of the 3G votes of New York, 1 of the 3 votes of Delaware, 3 of the 11 votes of Maryland, 2 of the 5 votes of Louisiana, and 1 of the 3 votes of Illinois. William H. Crawford received 41 votes, being the entire vote of Virginia and of Georgia, and 5 of the 30 votes of New York, 2 of the 3 votes of Delaware, and 1 of the 11 votes of Maryland. Henry Clay received 37 votes, being the entire vote of Kentucky, Ohio, and Missouri, and 4 of the 30 votes of New York. The House of Representatives balloted for the three highest candidates, Messrs. Jackson, Adams, and Crawford; and the following was the result of the first ballot: For John Quincy Adams, Maine, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, Vermont, New York, Maryland , Ohio, Kentucky, Illi nois, Missouri, and Louisiana, 13 States; for Andrew Jackson, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Alabama, Mississippi, and Indiana, 7 States; for William H. Crawford, Delaware, Virginia, North Carolina, and Georgia, 4 States. The speaker then declared that John Quincy Adams, having received a majority of the votes of all the States, was duly elected President. His cabinet was : Secretary of State. Henry Clay of Kentucky, March 7, 1825. Secretary of the Treasury. Richard Rush of Pennsylvania, March 7, 1825. Secretaries of War. James Barbour of Virginia, March 7, 1825; Peter B. Porter of New York, May 2G, 1828. Secretary of the Navy. Samuel L. Southard of New Jersey, continued. Attorney -General. William Wirt of Virginia, continued. JOHN C. CALHOUN of South Carolina was elected Vice-President, receiving 182 votes; while Nathan San- ford had 30 votes; Nathaniel Macon, 24; Andrew Jackson, 13; Martin Van Buren, 9; and Henry Clay, 2. ELEVENTH ADMINISTRATION. JACKSON. March 4, 1829-March 3, 1833. ANDREW JACKSON of Tennessee was elected President, receiving the entire electoral vote of Pennsylvania, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Kentucky, Tennessee, Ohio, Louisiana, Mississippi, Indi ana, Illinois, Alabama, and Missouri, 1 of the 9 votes of Maine, 20 of the 30 votes of New York, and 5 of the 11 votes of Maryland, 178 in all; John Quincy Adams receiving the remaining 83 electoral votes. His cabi net was: Secretaries of State. Martin Van Buren of New York, March 0, 1829; Edward Livingston of Louisiana, May 24, 1831. Secretaries of the Treasury. Samuel D. Ingham of Pennsylvania, March 6, 1829 ; Louis McLane of Dela ware, Aug. 8, 1831. Secretaries of War. John H. Eaton of Tennessee, March 9, 1829; Lewis Cass of Michigan, Aug. 1, 1831. Secretaries of the Navy. John Branch of North Carolina, March 9, 1829 ; Levi Woodbury of New Hamp shire, May, 1831. Postmaster-General. William T. Barry of Kentucky, March 9, 1829. Attorneys-General. John M. Berrien of Georgia, March 9, 1829; Roger B. Taney of Maryland, Dec. 27, 1831. JOHN C. CALHOUN was re-elected Vice-President, receiving 171 votes; while Richard Rush had 83 votes; and William Smith, 7. TWELFTH ADMINISTRATION. JACKSON. March 4, 1833-March 3, 1837. ANDREW JACKSON of Tennessee was re-elected President, receiving the entire electoral vote of Maine, New Hampshire, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Virginia, North Carolina, Georgia, Tennessee, Ohio, Louisiana, Mississippi, Indiana, Illinois, Alabama, and Missouri, with 3 of the 8 votes of Maryland, 219. Henry Clay of Kentucky received the entire vote of Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, Delaware, and Kentucky, with 5 of the 8 votes of Maryland, 49. John Floyd received the entire vote of South Caro lina, 11 ; and William Wirt, the entire vote of Vermont, 7. His cabinet was : Secretaries of State. Edward Livingston of Louisiana, continued; Louis McLane of Delaware, May /J, 1833; John Forsyth of Georgia, June 27, 1834. Secretaries of the Treasury. Louis McLane of Delaware, continued; William J. Duane of Pennsylvania, May 29, 1833; Levi Woodbury of New Hampshire, June 27, 1834. Secretary of War. Lewis Cass of Michigan, continued. Secretaries of the Navy. Levi Woodbury of New Hampshire, continued; Mahlon Dickerson ot ^ew Jer- Postmasters-General. William T. Barry of Kentucky, continued; Amos Kendall of Kentucky, May 1, 1835. Attorneys-General. Roger B. Taney of Maryland, continued; Benj. F. Butler of New York, June 24, 18 MARTIN VAN BUREN of New York was elected Vice-President, receiving 189 votes; while John bargeut had 49 votes, William Wilkins had 30, Henry Lee had 11, and Amos Elmaker had 7. 218 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. THIRTEENTH ADMINISTRATION. VAN BUREN. March 4, 1837-March 3, 1841. MARTIN VAN BUREN of New York was elected President, receiving the entire electoral vote of Maine, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New York, Pennsylvania, Virginia, North Carolina, Louisiana, Mississippi, Illinois, Alabama, Missouri, Arkansas, Michigan, 170. William H. Harrison received the entire vote of Vermont, New Jersey, Delaware, Maryland, Kentucky, Ohio, and Indiana, 73; Hugh L. White, the vote of Georgia and of Tennessee, 2(5 ; Daniel Webster, the vote of Massachusetts, 14 ; and W. P. Mangum, the vote of South Caroliua, 11. His cabinet was: Secretary of State. John Forsyth of Georgia, continued. Secretary of the Treasury/. Leyi Woodbury of New Hampshire, continued. Secretary of War. Joel R. Poinsett of South Carolina, March 7, 1837. Secretaries of the Navy. Mahlon Dickerson of New Jersey, continued ; James K. Paulding of New York, June 30, 1838. Postmasters-General. Amos Kendall of Kentucky, continued; John M. Niles of Connecticut, May 25, 1840. Attorneys-General. Benjamin F. Butler of New York, continued; Felix Grundy of Tennessee, Sept. 1, 1838; Henry D. Gilpin of Pennsylvania, Jan. 10, 1840. RICHARD M. JOHNSON of Kentucky was chosen Vice-President by the Senate, no one having received a majority of the electoral votes, which stood: Richard M. Johnson, 147; Francis Granger, 77; John Tyler, 47: William Smith, 23. FOURTEENTH ADMINISTRATION. HARRISON. March 4, 1841- April 4, 1841. WILLIAM HENRY HARRISON of Ohio was elected President, receiving the entire electoral vote of Maine, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, Vermont, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Mary land, North Carolina, Georgia, Kentucky, Tennessee, Ohio, Louisiana, Mississippi, Indiana, and Michigan, 234. Martin Van Buren received the entire electoral vote of New Hampshire, Virginia, South Carolina, Illi nois, Alabama, Missouri, and Arkansas, 60. His cabinet was: Secretary of State. Daniel Webster of Massachusetts, March 5, 1841. Secretary of the Treasury. Thomas Ewing of Ohio, March 5, 1841. Secretary of War. John Bell of Tennessee, March 5, 1841. Secretary of the Navy. George E. Badger of North Carolina, March 5, 1841. Postmaster-General. Francis Granger of New York, March 6, 1841. Attorney-General. John J. Crittenden of Kentucky, March 5, 1841. JOHN TYLER of Virginia was elected Vice-President, receiving 234 votes; while R. M. Johnson had 48: L. W. Tazewell, 11; and James K. Polk, 1. FIFTEENTH ADMINISTRATION. TYLER. April 4, 1841-March 3, 1845. JOHN TYLER, Vice-President, became President after the death of Pres. Harrison. His cabinet was: George M. Bibb of Kentucky, June 15, 1844. Secretaries of War. John Bell of Tennessee, continued; JohnC. Spencer of New York, Oct. 12, 1841; William Wilkins of Pennsylvania, Feb. 15, 1844. Secretaries of the Navy. George E. Badger of North Carolina, continued; Abel P. TTpshur of Virginia, Sept. 13, 1841; David Henshaw of Massachusetts, July 24, 1843; Thomas W. Gilmer of Virginia, Feb. 15, 1844; John Y. Mason of Virginia, March 14, 1844. Postmasters-General. Francis Granger of New York, continued; Charles A. Wickliffe of Kentucky, Sept. 13, 1841. Attorneys-General. John J. Crittenden of Kentuckv, continued; Hugh S. Legare" of South Carolina- Sept. 13, 1841; John Nelson of Maryland, Jan. 2, 1844. SIXTEENTH ADMINISTRATION. POLK. March 4, 1845-March 3, 1849. JAMES K. POLK of Tennessee was elected President, receiving the entire electoral vote of Maine, New Hampshire, New York, Pennsylvania, Virginia, South Carolina, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, Indiana, Illi nois, Alabama, Missouri, Arkansas, and Michigan, 170. Henry Clay received the vote of Rhode Island, Mas sachusetts, Connecticut, Vermont, New Jersey, Delaware, Maryland, North Carolina, Kentucky, Tennessee, and Ohio, 105. His cabinet was : Secretary of State. James Buchanan of Pennsylvania, March 6, 1845. Secretary of the Treasury. Robert J. Walker of Mississippi, March 6, 1845. Secretary of War. William L. Marcy of New York, March 5, 1845. Secretaries of the Navy. George Bancroft of Massachusetts, March 10, 1845; John Y. Mason of Virginia, Sept. 9, 1846. Postmaster- General. Cave Johnson of Tennessee, March 5, 1845. Attorneys-General. John Y. Mason of Virginia, March 5, 1845; Nathan Clifford of Maine, Dec. 23, 1846; Isaac Toucey of Connecticut, June 21, 1848. GEORGE M. DALLAS of Pennsylvania was elected Vice-President, receiving 170 votes; while T. Freling- huysen had 105. SEVENTEENTH ADMINISTRATION. TAYLOR. March 4, 1849-July 9, 1850. ZACHARY TAYLOR of Louisiana was elected President, receiving the entire electoral vote of Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, Vermont, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, North Carolina, Georgia, Kentucky, Tennessee, Louisiana, and Florida, 1(J. 3 votes. Lewis Cass received the entire Vote of Maine, New Hampshire, Virginia, South Carolina, Ohio, Mississippi, Indiana, Illinois, Alabama, Mis souri, Arkansas, Michigan, Texas, Iowa, and Wisconsin, 127 votes. His cabinet was: PRESIDENTS AND THEIR CABINETS. 219 Secretary of State. John M. Clayton of Delaware, March 7, 1849. Secretary of the Treasury. William M. Meredith of Pennsylvania, March 8 1849 Secretary of War. George W. Crawford of Georgia, March 6, 1849. Secretary of the Navy. William B. Preston of Virginia, March 8, 1849. Secretary of the Interior. Thomas Ewing of Ohio, March 7, 1849. Postmaster-General. Jacob Collamer of Vermont, March 7, 1849. Attorney-General. Reverdy Johnson of Maryland, March 7, 1849. MiLLARD P. FILLMOKE of New York was elected Vice-President, receiving 163 votes; while William O. tlr recfiivfirl 197 Butler received 127. EIGHTEENTH ADMINISTRATION. FILLMORE. July 9, 1850-March 3, 1853. MILLARD FILLMOKE, Vice-President, became President after the death of Pres. Taylor. His cabinet was : Secretaries of State. John M. Clayton of Delaware, continued; Daniel Webster of Massachusetts July 20 1850; Edward Everett of Massachusetts, Nov. 6, 1852. Secretaries of the Treasury. William M. Meredith of Pennsylvania, continued; Thomas Corwin of Ohio, July s-iOj loDUi Secretaries of War. George W. Crawford of Georgia, continued; Charles M. Conrad of Louisiana, July 15, 3850. Secretaries of the Navy. William B. Preston of Virginia, continued ; William A. Graham of North Carolina. July 22, 1850; John P. Kennedy of Maryland, July 22, 1852. ___ Secretaries of the Interior. Thomas Ewing of Ohio, continued; Alexander H. H. Stuart of Virginia, July 22, 18oO. Postmasters- General. Jacob Collamer of Vermont, continued; Nathan K. Hall of New York, July 20 1850: Samuel D. Hubbard of Connecticut, Sept. 14, 1852. Attorneys-General. Reverdy Johnson of Maryland, continued; John J. Crittenden of Kentucky, July 20, NINETEENTH ADMINISTRATION. PIERCE. March 4, 1853-March 3, 1857. FRANKLIN PIERCE of New Hampshire was elected President, receiving the entire electoral vote of Maine, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, Texas, Arkan sas, Ohio, Michigan, Indiana, Illinois, Missouri, Iowa, Wisconsin, and California, 254. Winfield Scott received the vote of Vermont, Massachusetts, Tennessee, and Kentucky, 42. His cabinet was: Secretary of State. William L. Marcy of New York, March 7, 1853. Secretary of the Treasury. James Guthrie of Kentucky, March 7, 1853. Secretary of War. Jefferson Davis of Mississippi, March 7, 1853. Secretary of the Navy. James C. Dobbin of North Carolina, March 7, 1853. Secretary of the Interior. Robert McClelland of Michigan, March 6, 1853. Postmaster-General. James Campbell of Pennsylvania, March 7, 1853. Attorney- General. Caleb Cushing of Massachusetts, March 7, 1853. WILLIAM R. KING of Alabama was elected Vice-President, receiving 254 votes; while William A. Graham had 42. TWENTIETH ADMINISTRATION. BUCHANAN. March 4, 1857-March 3, 1861. JAMES BUCHANAN of Pennsylvania was elected President, receiving the entire electoral vote of New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Kentucky. Tennessee, Louisiana, Mississippi, Indiana, Illinois, Alabama, Missouri, Arkansas, Florida, Texas, and California, 173. John C. Fremont received the entire vote of Maine, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecti cut, Vermont, New York, Ohio, Michigan, Iowa, and Wisconsin, 114. Millard Fillmore received the vote of Maryland, 8. His cabinet was : Secretaries of State. Lewis Cass of Michigan, March 6, 1857; Jeremiah S. Black of Pennsylvania, Dec. 17, 1860. Secretaries of the Treasury. Ho well Cobb of Georgia, March 6, 1857; Philip F. Thomas of Maryland, Dec. 12, 1860; John A. Dix of New York, Jan. 11, 1861. Secretaries of War. John B. Floyd of Virginia, March 5, 1857; Joseph Holt of Kentucky, Dec. 31, 1861. Secretary of the Navy. Isaac Toucey of Connecticut, March 6, 1857. Secretary of the Interior. Jacob Thompson of Mississippi, March 5, 1857. Postmasters-General. Aaron V. Brown of Tennessee, March 6, 1857; Joseph Holt of Kentucky, March 14, 1859; Horatio King of Maine, Feb. 12, 1861. Attorneys-General. Jeremiah S. Black of Pennsylvania, March 5, 1857; Edwin M. Stanton of Ohio, Dec. 31, 1860. JOHN C. BRECKINRIDGE of Kentucky was elected Vice-President, receiving 173 votes; while W. L. Dayton had 114 ; and A. J. Donelson, 8. TWENTY-FIRST ADMINISTRATION. LINCOLN. March 4, 1861-March 3, 1865. ABRAHAM LINCOLN of Illinois was elected President, receiving the entire vote of California, Connecticut, Illinois, Oreg inric nesse e7a7id Vlrginia7^39r "Stephen ArDouglas received the vote of Missouri, and 3 of New Jersey, 12. cabinet was: Secretary of State. William H. Seward of New York, March 5, 1861. 220 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Secretaries of the Treasury. Salmon P. Chase of Ohio, March 7, 1861 ; William P. Fessenden of Maine, July 1, 1864. Secretaries of War. Simon Cameron of Pennsylvania, March 4, 1861 ; Edwin M. Stanton of Ohio, Jan. 11, 1862. Secretary of the Navy. Gideon "Welles of Connecticut, March 5, 1861. Secretaries of the Interior. Caleb B. Smith of Indiana, March 5, 1861; John P. Usher of Indiana, Jan 8, 1863. Postmasters-General. Montgomery Blair of Maryland, March 7, 1861: William Dennison of Ohio, Oct. 1, 1864. Attorneys-General. Edward Bates of Missouri, March 5, 1861; James Speed of Kentucky, Dec. 2, 1864. HANNIBAL HAMLIN of Maine was elected Vice-President, receiving 180 votes; while Joseph Lane received 72; Edward Everett, 39; and Herschel V. Johnson, 12. TWENTY-SECOND ADMINISTRATION. LINCOLN. March 4, 1865- April 15, 1865. ABRAHAM LINCOLN of Illinois was re-elected President, receiving the votes of Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Vermont, Connecticut, Rhode Island, New York, Pennsylvania, Maryland, Ohio, Indiana, Michi gan, Illinois, Iowa, Minnesota, Wisconsin, Missouri, Kansas, West Virginia, Oregon, California, and Nevada, 212. George B. McClellan received the vote of New Jersey, Delaware, and Kentucky, 21. Hia cabinet was: Secretary of State. William H. Seward of New York, continued. Secretary of the Treasury. Hugh McCulloch of Indiana, March 7, 1865. Secretary of War. Edwin M. Stanton of Ohio, continued. Secretary of the Navy. Gideon Welles of Connecticut, continued. Secretary of the Interior. John P. Usher of Indiana, continued. Postmaster-General. William Dennison of Ohio, continued. Attorney-General. James Speed of Kentucky, continued. ANDREW JOHNSON of Tennessee was elected Vice-President, receiving 212 votes; while George H. Pendle- ton received 21. TWENTY-THIRD ADMINISTRATION. JOHNSON. April 15, 1865-March 3, 1869. ANDREW JOHNSON, Vice-President, became President after the death of Pres. Lincoln. His cabinet was: Secretary of State. William H. Seward of New York, continued. Secretary of the Treasury. Hugh McCulloch of Indiana, continued. Secretaries of War. Edwin M. Stanton of Ohio, continued; John M. Schofieldof New York, April 23, 1868. Secretary of the Navy. Gideon Welles of Connecticut, continued. Secretaries of the Interior. John P. Usher of Indiana, continued; James Harlan of Iowa, May 15, 1865; Orville H. Browning of Illinois, Sept. 1, 1866. Postmasters-General. William Dennison of Ohio, continued; Alexander W. Randall, July 24, 1866. Attorneys- General. James Speed of Kentucky, continued; Henry Stanbery of Kentucky. July 23, 1866: William M. Evarts of New York, July 15, 1868. TWENTY-FOURTH ADMINISTRATION. GRANT. March 4, 1869-March 3, 1873. ULYSSES S. GRANT of Illinois was elected President, receiving the entire electoral vote of Alabama, Arkansas, California, Connecticut, Florida, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, Vermont, West Virginia, and Wisconsin, 214. Horatio Seymour of New York received the vote of Delaware, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, New Jersey, New York, and Oregon, 80. His cabinet was : Secretaries of State. Elihu B. Washburne of Illinois, March 5, 1869; Hamilton Fish of New York, March 11, 1869. Secretary of the Treasury/. George S. Bout well of Massachusetts, March 11, 1869. Secretaries of War. John A. Rawlins of lUinois, March 11, 1869; W. W. Belknap of Iowa, Oct. 3, 1869. Secretaries of the Navy. Adolph E. Borie of Pennsylvania, March 5, 1869; George M. Robeson of New Jersey, June 25, 1869. Secretaries of the Interior. Jacob D. Cox of Ohio, March 5, 1869; Columbus Delano of Ohio, Nov. 1, 1870. Postmaster-General. John A. J. Creswell of Maryland, March 5, 1869. Attorneys- General. Ebenezer R. Hoar of Massachusetts, March 5, 1869; Amos T. Akerman of Georgia, June 23, 1870; George H. Williams of Oregon, Jan. 10, 1872. SCHUYLER COLFAX of Indiana was elected Vice-President, receiving 214 votes; while Francis P. Blair, jun., received 80. TWENTY-FIFTH ADMINISTRATION. GRANT. March 4, 1873-March 3, 1877. ULYSSES S. GRANT was re-elected President, receiving the electoral votes of Alabama, California, Con necticut, Delaware, Florida, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, 1 Oregon, Penn sylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia, and Wisconsin, 292. Horace Greeley, had he lived, would have received the votes of Arkansas, Georgia, Kentucky, Maryland, Missouri, Tennessee, and Texas; but, he having died before the meetings of the electors, the votes of these States were cast for Thomas A. Hendricks, 42; B. Gratz Brown, 18; Horace Greeley, 3; Charles J. Jenkins, 2; and David Davis, 1, 66. His cabinet was : Secrctanj of State. Hamilton Fish of New York, continued. Secretaries of the Treasunj. William A. Richardson of Massachusetts, March 17, 1873; Benjamin H. Bris- tow of Kentucky, June 4, 1874. PRESIDENTS AND THEEB CABINETS. 221 Secretaries of War. "William "W. Belknap of Iowa, continued; Alphonso Taft of Ohio, March 7, 187G; James Donald Cameron of Pennsylvania, May 22, 1876. Secretary of the Navy. George M. Robeson of New Jersey, continued. Secretaries of the Interior. Columbus Delano of Ohio, continued; Zachariah Chandler of Michigan, Oct. 19, 1875. Postmasters-General. John A. J. Creswell of Maryland, continued; James "W. Marshall of Virginia, July 3, 1874; Marshall Jewell of Connecticut, Sept. 1, 1874; James N. Tyner of Indiana, July 12, 1876. Attorneys-General. George H. Williams of Oregon, continued ; Edwarda Pierrepont of New York, May 15, 1875 ; Alphonso Taft of Ohio, May 22, 1876. HENKY WILSON of Massachusetts was elected Vice-President, receiving 292 votes; while B. Gratz Brown received 55 votes, and the remaining 19 votes were scattered among different candidates. TWENTY-SIXTH ADMINISTRATION. HAYES. March 4, 1877- KUTHERFOKD B. HATES of Ohio was elected President, receiving the electoral votes of California, Colo rado, Florida, Illinois, Kansas, Louisiana, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Vermont, and Wisconsin, 185. Samuel J. Tilden received the entire vote of Alabama, Arkansas, Connecticut, Delaware, Georgia, Indiana, Kentucky, Maryland, Mississippi, Missouri, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Vir ginia, and West Virginia, 184. His cabinet is : Secretary of State. William M. Evarts of New York, March 12, 1877. Secretary of the Treasury. John Sherman of Ohio, March 8, 1877. Secretary of War. George W. McCrary of Iowa, March 12, 1877. Secretary of the Navy. Richard W. Thompson of Indiana, March 12, 1877. Secretary of the Interior. Carl Schurz of Missouri, March 12, 1877. Postmaster-General. David M. Key of Tennessee, March 12, 1877. Attorney-General. Charles Devens of Massachusetts, March 12, 1877. WILLIAM A. WHEELER of New York was elected Vice-President, receiving 185 votes ; while Thomas A. Hendricks received 184. 222 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. THE EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENTS. THE DEPARTMENT OF STATE. SECRETARIES OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS. Robert R. Livingston of New York, from Oct. 20, 1781. Elias Boudinot of New Jersey, from June, 1783, ad int. Thomas Mifflin of Pennsylvania, from Nov. 3, 1783, ad int. John Jay of New York, from Dec. 21, 1784. SECRETARIES OF STATE. Thomas Jefferson of Virginia, from March 21, 1790. Edmund Randolph of Virginia, from Jan. 2, 1794. Timothy Pickering of Pennsylvania, from Aug. 19, 1795, ad int. Timothy Pickering of Pennsylvania, from Dec. 10, 1795. John Marshall of Virginia, from May 13, 1800. James Madison of Virginia, from March 5, 1801. Robert Smitli of Maryland, from March G, 1809. James Monroe of Virginia, from April 2, 1811. John Quincy Adams of Massachusetts, from March 5, 1817. Henry Clay of Kentucky, from March 7, 1825. James A. Hamilton of New York, from March 4, 1829, ad int. Martin Van Buren of New York, from March 6, 1829. Edward Livingston of Louisiana, from May 24, 1831. Louis McLane of Delaware, from May 29, 1833. John Forsyth of Georgia, from June 27, 1834. J. L. Martin of North Carolina, from March 3, 1841, ad int. Daniel Webster of Massachusetts, from March 5, 1841. Hugh S. Legar^ of South Carolina, from May 9, 1843, ad int. Abel P. TJpshur of Virginia, from June 24, 1843, ad int. Abel P. Upshur of Virginia, from July 24, 1843. John Nelson of Maryland, from Feb. 29, 1844, ad int. John C. Calhoun of South Carolina, from March 6, 1844. James Buchanan of Pennsylvania, from March 6, 1845. John M. Clayton of Delaware, from March 7, 1849. Daniel Webster of Massachusetts, from July 22, 1850. Charles M. Conrad of Louisiana, from Sept. 2, 1852, ad int. Edward Everett of Massachusetts, from Nov. 6, 1852. William Hunter of Rhode Island, from March 3, 1853, ad int. William L. Marcy of New York, from March 7, 1853. Lewis Cass of Michigan, from March 6, 1857. William Hunter of Rhode Island, from Dec. 12, 1860, ad int. Jeremiah S. Black of Pennsylvania, from Dec. 17, 1860. William H. Seward of New York, from March 5, 1861. Elihu B. Washburne of Illinois, from March 5, 1869. Hamilton Fish of New York, from March 11, 1869. William M. Evarts of New York, from March 12, 1877. The secretary of state is charged, under the direction of the President, with the duties appertaining to correspondence with the public ministers and consuls of the United States, and with the representatives of foreign powers accredited to the United States, and to negotiations of whatever character relating to the for eign affairs of the United States. He is also the medium of correspondence between the President and the chief executive of the several States of the United States. He has the custody of the great seal of the United states, and countersigns and affixes such seal to all executive proclamations, to various commissions, and to warrants for pardon, and the extradition of fugitives from justice. He is regarded as the first in rank among the members of the cabinet. He is also the custodian of the treaties made with foreign States, and of the laws of the United States. He grants and issues passports; and exequaturs to foreign consuls in the United States are issued through his office. He publishes the laws and resolutions of Congress, amendments to the Constitution, and proclamations declaring the admission of new States into the Union. He is also charged with certain annual reports to Congress relating to commercial information received from diplomatic and consular officers of the United States. ASSISTANT SECRETARIES OF STATE. A. Dudley Mann of Ohio, from March 23, 1853. William Hunter of Rhode Island, from May 8, 1855, ad int. John A. Thomas of New York, from Nov. 1, 1855. John Apple William H. leton of Maine, from April 4, 1857. 1860. Trescot of South Carolina, from June 8, Frederick W. Seward of New York, from March 6, 1861. J. C. Bancroft Davis of New York, from March 25, 1869. Charles Hale of Massachusetts, from Feb. 19, 1872. J. C. Bancroft Davis of New York, from Jan. 24, 1873. John L. Cadwalader of New York, from July 1, 1874. Frederick W. Seward of New York, from March 16, 1877. The assistant secretary of state becomes the acting secretary of state in the absence of the secretary. SECOND ASSISTANT SECRETARY OF STATE. William Hunter of Rhode Island, from July 27, 1866. THE EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENTS. 223 THIRD ASSISTANT SECRETARY OF STATE. John A. Campbell of Ohio, from Feb. 24, 1875. | Charles Payson of Massachusetts, from June 1, 1878. Under the organization of the department, the assistant secretary, second assistant secretary, and third assistant secretary, are respectively charged with the immediate supervision of all correspondence with the diplomatic and consular officers in the countries named in divisions A, B, and C of those bureaus, and of the miscellaneous correspondence relating thereto; and, in general, they are intrusted with the preparation of the correspondence upon any questions arising in the course of the public business that may be assigned to them by the secretary. CHIEF CLERKS. Henry Eemsen, jun., of New York, from March 2, 1784. Roger Aklen of Connecticut, from July 25, 1789. Henry Remsen, jun., of New York, from Sept. 10, 1790. George Taylor, jun., of New York, from April 1, 1792. Jacob Wagner of Pennsylvania, from Feb. 8, 1798. John Graham of Virginia, from July 1, 1807. Daniel Brent of Virginia, from Sept. 21, 1817. Asbury Dickins ot North Carolina, from Aug. 8, 1833. Aaron Ogden Dayton of New Jersey, from March 13, 1837. Aaron Vail of New York, from June 26, 1839. J. L. Martin of North Caroliua, from July 15, 1840. Daniel Fletcher Webster of Massachusetts, from March 6, 1841. William S. Derrick of Pennsylvania, from April 24, 1843. Richard K. Crall6 of Virginia, from April 10, 1844. Nicholas P. Trist of Virginia, from Aug. 28, 1845. John Appleton of Maine, from Jan. 20, 1848. William S. Derrick of Pennsylvania, from Aprils, 1849. William Hunter of Rhode Island, from May 17, 1852. Robert S. Chew of Virginia, from May 8, 1855. William Hunter of Rhode Island, from Nov. 1, 1855. Robert S. Chew of Virginia, from July 27, I860. Sevellon A. Brown of New York, from Aug. 7, 1873. The chief clerk has the general supervision of the clerks and employe s of the department. EXAMINERS OF CLAIMS. E. Peshine Smith of New York, from July 27, 1866. I Henry O Connor of Iowa, from Feb. 9, 1872. Charles C. Beaman, jun., of New York, from Nov. 1,1871. | The examiner of claims, who is subordinate to the attorney-general, has to examine all questions of law and other matters submitted by the secretary of state or the assistant secretary, and all claims before the department of state. CHIEFS OF THE BUREAU OF INDEXES AND ARCHIVES. Sevellon A. Brown of New York, from July 1, 1873. | John H. Haswell of New York, from Aug. 7, 1873. The duty of opening the mails; preparing, registering, and indexing daily all correspondence to and from the department, both by subjects and persons; the preservation of the archives; answering calls of the secre tary, assistant secretaries, chief clerk, and chiefs of bureaus for correspondence, &c. CHIEFS OF THE DIPLOMATIC BUREAU. Henry D. J. Pratt of Massachusetts, from July 1, 1874. | Charles Payson of Massachusetts, from April 12, 1876. Diplomatic correspondence, and miscellaneous correspondence relating thereto. Division A. Correspondence with Austria, Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Great Britain, Nether lands, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, and Nonvay, and Switzerland, and miscellaneous correspondence relating to those countries. Division U. Correspondence with Argentine Republic, Brazil, Central America, Chili, Greece, Hawaiian Islands, Hayti, Italy, Liberia, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru, Russia, San Domingo, Uruguay, and Venezuela, and miscellaneous correspondence relating to those countries. Division C. Correspondence with Barbary States, China, Egypt, Friendly and Navigator s Islands, Japan, Madagascar, Muscat, Siam, Society Islands, Turkey, and other countries not assigned, and miscellaneous correspondence relating to those countries. CHIEF OF THE CONSULAR BUREAU. Arthur B. Wood of Virginia, from July 1, 1874. Correspondence with consulates, and miscellaneous correspondence relating thereto. There arc three divisions, A, B, and C, with certain countries allotted to each, as in the diplomatic bureau. CHIEFS OF THE BUREAU OF ACCOUNTS. Edward Haywood of New York, from July 1, 1873. | Robert C. Morgan of New York, from Aug. 15, 1874. Custody and disbursement of appropriations under direction of the department; charged with custody of indemnity funds and bonds; care of the building and property of the department. CHIEF OF THE BUREAU OF ROLLS AND LIBRARY. Ferdinand Jefferson of District of Columbia, from July 1, 1874. Custody of the rolls, treaties, &c. ; promulgation of the laws, &c. ; care and superintendence of the library and public documents; care of the revolutionary archives, and of papers relating to international commissions. 224 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. THE TREASURY DEPARTMENT. SECRETARIES OF THE TREASURY. Alexander Hamilton of New York, from Sept. 11. 1789. Oliver Wolcott, jun., of Connecticut, from Feb. 2, 1795. Samuel Dexter of Massachusetts, from Jan. 1, 1801. Albert Gallatin of Pennsylvania, from May 14, 1801. George W. Campbell of Tennessee, from Feb. 9, 1814. Alexander J. Dallas of Pennsylvania, from Oct. 6, 1814. William H. Crawford of Georgia, from Oct. 22, 1816. Samuel L. Southard of New Jersey, from March 7, 1825, ad int. Richard Rush of Pennsylvania, from March 7, 1825. Samuel D. Ingham of Pennsylvania, from March 6, 1829. Asbury Dickins of North Carolina, from June 21, 1831, ad int. Louis McLane of Delaware, from Aug. 8, 1831. William J. Duane of Pennsylvania, from May 29, 1833. Roger B. Taney of Maryland, from Sept. 23, 1833. McClintock Young of Maryland, from June 25, 1834, ad int. Levi Woodbury of New Hampshire, from June 27, 1834; McClintock Young of Maryland, from March 3, 1841, ad int. Thomas Ewing of Ohio, from March 5, 1841. McClintock Young of Maryland, from Sept. 13, 1841, ad int. Walter Forward of Pennsylvania, from Sept. 13, 1841. McClintock Young of Maryland, from March 1, 184?, ad int. John C. Spencer of New York, from March 3, 1843. McClintock Young of Maryland, from May 2, 1844, ad int. George M. Bibb of Kentucky, from June 15, 1844. Robert J. Walker of Mississippi, from March 6, 1845. McClintock Young of Maryland, from March 6, 1849, ad int. William M. Meredith of Pennsylvania, from March 8, 1849. Thomas Corwin of Ohio, from July 23, 1850. James Guthrie of Kentucky, from March 7, 1853. Howell Cobb of Georgia, from March 6, 1857. Isaac Toucey of Connecticut, from Dec. 10, 1860, ad int. Philip F. Thomas of Maryland, from Dec. 12, 1860. John A. Dix of New York, from Jan. 11, 1861. Salmon P. Chase of Ohio, from March 5, 1861. George Harrington of District of Columbia, from June 30, 1864, ad int. William P. Fessenden of Maine, from July 1, 1864. George Harrington of District of Columbia, from March 4, 18(>5, ad int. Hugh McCulloch of Indiana, from March 7, 1865. George S. Boutwell of Massachusetts, from March 11, 1869. William A. Richardson of Massachusetts, from March 17, 1873. Benjamin H. Bristow of Kentucky, from June 2, 1874. Lot M. Morrill of Maine, from June 21, 1876. John Sherman of Ohio, from March 9, 1877. The secretary of the treasury has charge of the national finances. He digests and prepares plans for the improvement and management of the revenue, and support of the public credit ; he superintends the collection of the revenue, and prescribes the forms of keeping and rendering all public accounts, and making returns; grants all warrants for money to be issued f rorrj the treasury in pursuance of appropriations by law ; makes report and gives information to either branch of Congress, as may be required, respecting all matters referred to him by the Senate or House of Representatives, and generally performs all such services relative to the finances as he is directed to perform ; controls the erection of public buildings, the coinage and printing of money, the collection of commercial statistics, the marine hospitals, the revenue-cutter service, the life-saving service. Under his superintendence the Light-house Board discharges the duties relative to the construction, illumination, inspection, and superintendence of light-houses, light-vessels, beacons, buoys, sea-marks, and their appendages ; makes provision for the payment of the public debt under enactments of Congress, and publishes statements concerning it; and submits to Congress, at the commencement of each session, estimates of the probable receipts and of the required expenditures for the ensuing fiscal year. The routine work of the secretary s office is transacted in the following divisions: Division of Appointments. The supervision of all matters relating to the appointment, removal, promo tion, or suspension of the officers, clerks, messengers, &c., under the control of the treasury department, and the custody of papers pertaining thereto, including the examination of applications for appointment, and the preparation of commissions therefor; the examination of all complaints against officials, except when such investigation is otherwise specially directed ; the preparation of reports required by law relative to the em ployment and compensation of persons in the public service, and the publication of "The United-States Treasury Register; " the verification of all pay-rolls of the department, and all vouchers for salaries of steam boat inspectors, custodians, and janitors; the inspection of the accounts of internal-revenue gangers, and the examination of all estimates for salaries and compensation of officers and employees, and of incidental ex penses payable from the appropriation for collecting the customs revenue, and keeping account thereof; the keeping account of absence from duty of employees in the several bureaus and offices of the department, and the consideration of requests for leave of absence. Division of Warrants, Estimates, and Appropriations. The issue of all warrants for the receipt and pay ment of public moneys, and of appropriation and surplus-fund warrants; the preparation and keeping of all appropriation, sinking-fund, public-debt, and Pacific-railroad accounts; the publication, for the use of Con gress, of the annual estimates of appropriations, and of the digest of appropriations made at each session of Congress, with the designation of titles under which funds may be drawn from appropriations; the prepara tion of the statements of the annual receipts and expenditures of the government, and of the tables accom panying the annual report of the secretary of the treasury; the publication of the monthly statements of the public debt, and the preparation of the daily statement showing the financial condition of the treasury; the preparation of statistical tables relating to the finances, embracing all information connected with the receipts and expenditures of the government from its foundation to the present time; and, generally, all matters connected with the foregoing. THE EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENTS. 225 Division of PuUic Moneys. The supervision of the independent-treasury offices, the designation of national-bank and other depositories, and the obtaining from them of proper securities; the keeping of a general account of receipts into the treasury; the classification of such receipts, and the preparation ot lists thereof on which to issue covering warrants; the directing of all public officers, except postmasters as to the and expenses thereof, and the expenses of the independent-treasury offices; the care and final disposition of moneys arising from fines, penalties, and forfeitures under the internal-revenue laws; the direction for special transfers of public moneys; and, generally, all matters pertaining to the foregoing. Division of Customs. The examination of all questions arising under the tariff laws, upon appeals from decisions of collectors of customs, involving the rates and amount of duties on imports; the consideration of cases involving errors in invoices and entries; refund and abatement of duties; drawback of customs duties on articles manufactured in the United States out of imported material, and establishing the rates of draw back; the consideration of all questions arising upon the construction of the customs laws, and the general regulations thereunder, in regard to the entry, appraisal, and delivery of merchandise, and payment of duties thereon; correspondence with consular officers, through the department of state, in regard to dutiable values, invoices, &c. ; supervision of appraisers in securing uniformity of valuation of dutiable merchandise at the various ports, and compromises in customs cases; supervision of the seal-fisheries in Alaska, and such other matters in that Territory as are placed by law in charge of the secretary of the treasury. Division of Internal Revenue and Navigation. The examination of petitions for the remission of fines, penalties, and forfeitures, under the customs, internal-revenue, navigation, and steamboat-inspection laws, and applications for compromise of claims in favor of the United States, except customs cases; all internal- revenue business coming before this office, except such as relates to appointments; the examination of ques tions relating to the marine documents, entry, clearance, hypothecation, and admeasurement and tonnage of vessels, tax on tonnage, fees for the services of revenue officers, and the transportation of merchandise in vessels; and, generally, all business connected with the foregoing. Division of Loans and Currency. The supervision of the details of all matters pertaining to loans and the issue and redemption of United-States bonds, including the details of negotiating United-States interest- bearing securities; the preparation of orders for engraving and printing United-States bonds; the original issue and delivery of bonds; the preparation and distribution of circulars designating bonds for redemption- the counting, cancellation, and record of bonds received for redemption; the cancellation and record of coupon-bonds received for exchange for registered stock, and the preparation of vouchers for the issue of registered bonds; the examination and record of transfers of registered United-States securities; notice of caveats tiled against United-States securities alleged to be destroyed, lost, or stolen, and, in connection therewith, the procuring of evidence for the courts and law-officers of the department, and, in cases of re issue, the securing of the requisite indemnity for the government; the record of issues of gold and currency certificates, and their cancellation upon redemption, and the receipt, counting, cancellation, record, and de struction of redeemed District-of-Columbia securities; the supervision of all matters under the immediate charge of the secretary of the treasury relating to the counting, cancellation, record, and destruction of all redeemed and mutilated United-States notes and fractional currency, and internal-revenue stamps redeemed or mutilated in printing; the charge of the distinctive paper for United-States notes, bonds, and currency. Division of Revenue Marine. The management of the revenue-marine service, including the supervision of the building and equipment of revenue vessels, their repair, purchase, and sale; the assignment or cruising grounds; the assignment of officers to vessels; the purchase of outfits and supplies; the regulation of the complements of crews and their wages; the examination and certification of revenue vessels pay-rolls, and accounts of disbursements on account of the service by collectors of customs; the examination of the prop erty accounts of officers; the preparation and enforcement of regulations for the examination, admission, and government of revenue-marine cadets; the preparation and enforcement of general regulations for the govern ment of the service, &c. ; the examination of all matters pertaining to the light-house establishment, placed by law in charge of the secretary of the treasury; the examination of all matters relating to the United-States coast survey coming before the secretary ; the charge of all matters relating to weights and measures upon which the secretary is required by law to act; the general superintendence of the life-saving service, embra cing the supervision of the establishment of life-saving and life-boat stations, and houses of refuge; the se lection of sites for the same, and the procurement of titles thereto; the preparation of plans and specifications for buildings ; the making of contracts for their construction; the testing, selection, and purchase of their apparatus, equipment, and supplies; the organization of the service, and the preparation of regulations for the government of its officers and employees; the employment of crews, and the regulation of their wages; the supervision of all expenditures and" accounts connected with the service, and the general management of the service; the award of medals for the saving of life from the perils of the sea; the collection of statistics of marine disasters; the preparation of the annual report of the expenditures and operations of the life-saving service, as required by law; and, generally, all business of the office connected with the foregoing subjects, except appointments. Division of Stationery, Printing, and Blanks. The purchase and supply of stationery for the department, sub-treasuries, depositories, United-States mints, custom-houses, revenue vessels, steamboat-inspection ser vice, life-saving stations, marine hospitals, light-houses, and internal-revenue offices, and blanks and blank- books for the same, except internal-revenue offices; supervision over the forms of books and blanks used by customs officers, with a view of securing uniformity in their methods of transacting business, and of the printing, binding, lithographing, and engraving for the department, except United-States bonds and notes, United-States currency, national-bank notes, and internal-revenue stamps; the arrangement tor publication and the indexing of the several reports and tables comprising the finance report; the superintendence o the advertising of th advertising, and officers of the govi tribution of official postage-stamps for the department; of the customs; the examination of the accounts of those officers to see that such stamps are properly ac counted for; and, generally, all business connected with the foregoing. Division of Special Af/ents. The assignment and detail of special agents, and the examination o accounts for compensation and travelling expenses, and the examination and reference of t *, supervision of the transportation of merchandise m bond, including ti oerc of collectors of customs at ports of shipment and of arrival, and the investigation of cases arising trom al leged irregularities in connection with such transportation; the examination and approval ot bonds toms warehouses and bonded routes; the enforcement of the laws and regulations governing t Mexico and Canada, so far as relates to the establishment of bonded routes and mode of transportation. 226 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Tico disbursing clerks pay the salaries and compensation of the officers and employees of the department, and disburse, upon the orders of the secretary, such moneys as have been appropriated to be expended under the direction of the department, keeping the necessary accounts connected therewith. ASSISTANT SECRETARIES OF THE TREASURY. Tench Coxe of Pennsylvania, from Sept. 11, 1789. Charles B. Penrose of Pennsylvania, from March 12, 1849. Allen A. Hall of Tennessee, from Oct. 10, 1849. William L. Hodge of Pennsylvania, from Nov. 16, 1850. Peter G. Washington of District of Columbia, from March 4, 1853. Philip Clayton of Georgia, from March 13, 1857. Gilbert Rodman of Pennsylvania, from Jan. 16, 1861, ad int. George Harrington of District of Columbia, from March 13, 1861. Maunsell B. Field of New York, from March 18, 1864. William Eaton Chandler of New Hampshire, from June 5, 18G5. John F. Hartley of Maine, from July 11, 1865. Edmund Cooper of Tennessee, from Nov. 20, 1867. William A. Richardson of Massachusetts, from March 20, 1869. Frederick A. Sawyei of South Carolina, from March 8, 1873. Charles F. Conant of New Hampshire, from July 1, 1874. Curtis F. Burnam of Kentucky, from May 4, 1875. Henry F. French of Massachusetts, from Aug. 7, 1876. R. C. McCormick of Arizona, from April 3, 1877. John B. Hawley of Illinois, from Dec. 6, 1877. One of the two assistant secretaries (now Hon. R. C. McCormick) has the general supervision of all the work assigned to the divisions of appointments, public moneys, revenue marine, stationery, printing, and blanks, loans and currency, bureau of engraving and printing, and office of the director of the mint; the signing of all letters and papers as assistant secretary, or "by order of the secretary," relating to the business of the foregoing divisions and bureau, that do not by law require the signature of the secretary of the treasury; the performance of such other duties as may be prescribed by the secretary or by law. The other assistant secretary (now Hon. H. F. French) has the general supervision of all the work as signed to the divisions of customs, special agents, internal revenue and navigation, warrants, estimates, and appropriations, and to the offices of supervising architect, supervising surgeon-general of marine hospitals, bureau of statistics, and supervising inspector-general of steamboats; the signing of all letters and papers as assistant secretary, or "by order of the secretary," relating to the business of the foregoing divisions, that do not by law require the signature of the secretary of the treasury ; and the signing, instead of the secretary, of certain warrants under section 240 of the Revised Statutes; the performance of such other duties as may be prescribed by the secretary or by law. FIRST COMPTROLLERS. Nicholas Eveleigh of South Carolina, from Sept. 11, 1789. Oliver Wolcott, Jan., of Connecticut, from June 17, 1791. Jonathan Jackson of Massachusetts, from Feb. 25, 1795. John Davis of Massachusetts, from June 26, 1795. John Steele ef North Carolina, from July 1, 1796. Gabriel Duval of Maryland, from Dec. 15, 1802. Richard Rush of Pennsylvania, from Nov. 22, 1811. Ezekiel Bacon of Massachusetts, from Feb. 11, 1814. Joseph Anderson of Tennessee, from Feb. 28, 1815. George Wolf of Pennsylvania, from June 18, 1836. James N. Barker of Pennsylvania, from Feb. 23, 1838. Walter Forward of Pennsylvania, from April 6, 1841. James W. McCulloch of Maryland, from April 1, 1842. Elisha Whittlesey of Ohio, from May 31, 1849. William Mcdill o f Ohio, from March 26, 1857. Elisha Whittlesey of Ohio, from April 10, 1861. Robert W. Tayler of Ohio, from Jan. 14, 1863. Albert G. Porter of Indiana, from March 5, 1878. The first comptroller countersigns all warrants issued by the secretary of the treasury, covering the pub lic revenues into the treasury, and authorizing payments therefrom. All accounts examined by the first auditor, except those which go to the commissioner of customs, and all examined by the fifth auditor, and accounts of registers and receivers of land-offices examined by the commissioner of the general land-office, are re-examined and revised in the first comptroller s office. Here also are examined and reported on the drafts for salaries and expenses drawn by ministers and consuls abroad, and the requisitions for advances drawn by marshals, collectors of internal revenue, secretaries of the territories, and other disbursing officers. Powers of attorney for the collection of drafts on the treasury are examined; and many other duties, having reference to the adjustment of claims against the United States, pertain to the office, but are of too varied a character to be enumerated. SECOND COMPTROLLERS. Richard Cutts of Massachusetts, from March 6, 1817. Isaac Hill of New Hampshire, from March 21, 1829. Enoch Reynolds of District of Columbia, from May 25, 1830, dd int. James B. Thornton of New Hampshire, from May 27, 1830. John N. Moulder of Pennsylvania, from June 18, 1836, ad int. Albion K. Parris of Maine, from June 18, 1836. Hiland Hall of Vermont from Nov. 27, 1850. James Madison Cutts of District of Columbia, from Sept. 10, 1851, ad int. Edward J. Phelps of Vermont, from Sept. 30, 1851. John M. Brodhead of New Hampshire, from Feb. 11, 1853. James Madison Cutts of District of Columbia, from Oct. 1, 1857. Goodsil Buckingham of Iowa, from May 20, 1863, ad int. John M. Brodhead of New Hampshire, from May 29, 1863. Cyrus C. Carpenter of Iowa, from Jan. 7, 1876. Accounts received from the second, third, and fourth auditors against the United States are examined, revised, and certified to; viz. : Reported by the second auditor, for organizing volunteers, recruiting, pay of the army, special military accounts, army ordnance, the Indian service, the army medical department, con tingent military expenses, bounty to soldiers, the Soldiers Home, ami the National Home for Disabled Volun teers. Reported by the third auditor, disbursements by the quartermaster s department, the subsistence department, the engineer department, army pensions, property taken by military authority for the use of the annv, and miscellaneous war claims. Reported by the fourth auditor, disbursements for the marine corps, by the navy paymasters for pay and rations, by the paymasters at the navy-yards, for navy pensions by the disbursing agents at foreign stations, and the financial agent at London. These accounts are examined in divisions, devoted respectively to the affairs of army paymasters, army quartermasters, navy paymasters and the marine corps, army pensions, miscellaneous claims, and Indian affairs. THE EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENTS. 227 COMMISSIONERS OF CUSTOMS. Charles W. Rockwell of Connecticut, from March 16, 1849. Hugh J. Anderson of Maine, from March 23, 1853. Samuel Ingham of Connecticut, from Dec. 5, 1857. Nathan Sargent of Pennsylvania, from May 14, 1861. William T. Haines of Pennsylvania, from June 29, 1871. Henry C. Johnson of Pennsylvania, from April 8, 1874. The commissioner of customs revises and certifies the accounts of revenue collected from duties on im ports and tonnage; of moneys received on account of the marine-hospital fund; fines, penalties, and for feitures under the customs and navigation laws; steamboat inspection; licenses to pilots, engineers, &c., and from miscellaneous sources connected with customs matters, accounts of the importation, withdrawal, trans portation, and exportation of goods under the warehouse system ; for disbursements for the expenses of col lecting the revenue from customs, revenue-cutter service, construction and maintenance of lights, marine hospitals, debentures, excess of deposits for unascertained duties, refund of duties exacted in excess, life- saving service, construction of custom-houses and marine hospitals; fuel, light, water, &c., for custom-houses, &c. ; approves and riles the official bonds given by customs officers, and transmits their commissions; files the oaths of office of the persons paid in the accounts certified by him; and prepares for the use of the law-officers of the department the accounts of those in arrears under the heads above mentioned. The office is organized in four divisions; viz., customs, bookkeepers, bond, and miscellaneous. FIRST AUDITORS. Oliver Wolcott, jun., of Connecticut, from Sept. 12, 1789. William Smith of Maryland, from July 16, 1791. Richard Harrison of Virginia, from Nov. 29, 1791. Jesse Miller of Pennsylvania, from Nov. 1, 1836. Tully R. Wise of Virginia, from June 17, 1842. William Collins of Virginia, from July 24, 1844. John C. Clarke of New York, from Aug. 2, 1849. Thomas L. Smith of Virginia, from Oct. 31, 1849. David W. Mahon of Pennsylvania, from Dec. 19, 1871. R. M. Reynolds of Alabama, from April 16, 1878. It is the duty of the first auditor to receive all accounts accruing in the treasury department (except those arising under the internal-revenue laws), and, after examination, to certify the balance, and transmit the accounts, with the vouchers and certificate, to the first comptroller or to the commissioner of customs having respectively the revision thereof. The subordinate divisions of his office are: Customs Division. Receipts and expenditures of the customs service, including fines, emoluments, for feitures, debentures, drawbacks, marine-hospital service, revenue-cutter service, &c. Judiciary Division. Salaries of United-States marshals, district attorneys, commissioners and clerks, rent of court-houses, support of prisoners, &c. Public Debt Division. Redemption of the public debt, including principal, premium, and interest; pay ment of interest; redemption of certificates of deposit; notes and currency destroyed. Warehouse and Bond Division. Examination of accounts received from the various custom-houses. Miscellaneous Division. Accounts of mints and assay-offices; territories; coast survey; salaries and con tingent expenses of the legislative, executive, and judicial departments of the government; construction, repair, and preservation of public buildings; treasurer of the United States for general receipts and expendi tures; together with a large number and variety of accounts not permanent in their character. SECOND AUDITORS. William Lee of Massachusetts, from March 6, 1817. William B. Lewis of Tennessee, from March 21, 1829. John M. McCalla of Kentucky, from March 29, 1845. Philip Clayton of Georgia, from April 9, 1849. William Mechlin of District of Columbia, from March 16, 1857, ad int. Thomas J. D. Fuller of Maine, from April 15, 1857. Ezra B. French of Maine, from Aug. 3, 1861. The second auditor examines, adjusts, and transfers to the second comptroller all accounts relating to bounties, the recruiting service, the pay and clothing of the army, the subsistence of officers, medical and hospital accounts, the pay of private physicians, and the expenses of the war department, contingent dis bursements of the army, and all accounts relating to Indian affairs. The divisions are: Paymaster s Division. Army paymasters accounts, and payments to the Soldiers Home and the National Home for Disabled Volunteers. Miscellaneous Claims Division. Accounts of the ordnance and medical departments of the army, contin gent expenses, army medical museum and publications, regular and volunteer recruiting, freeduien s bounty and pay. Indian Affairs Division. Disbursements for the Indians, money-accounts and property-returns of Indian agents, and claims for goods supplied and services rendered. Pay and Bounty Division. Examination and adjustment of claims of white and colored soldiers and their legal heirs for pay and bounty. Investigation of Frauds Division. Investigation of alleged cases of forgery, fraud, over-payments, unlaw ful withholding of money, &c., in the payment of white and colored soldiers. Book-keeper s Division. Accounts of the numerous requisitions drawn by the secretaries of war and inte rior examined, and charged to various appropriations. THIRD AUDITORS. Peter Hagner of District of Columbia, from March 6, 1817. John S. Gallaher of Virginia, from Oct. 22, 1849. Francis Burt of South Carolina, from April 6, 1853. Robert J. Atkinson of Ohio, from Aug. 28, 1854. Elijah Sells of Iowa, from July 18, 18(54. John Wilson of Illinois, from Oct. 26, 1864. Reader O. Clarke of Ohio, from March 26, 1869. Allan Rutherford of North Carolina, from March 29, -I O*7A 1870. Horace Austin of Minnesota, from Jan. 7, 1876. anizing, arming, and equipping volunteers alter 1861. TJie divisions 01 tne TI LUI uuiuc 1*5. Book-keeper s Division. Accounts of the numerous requisitions drawn by the secretary of war and of the fcterior examined, and charged to various appropriations. 228 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Quartermaster s Division. Accounts of disbursements for barracks and quarters, hospitals, offices, stables, and transportation of supplies; the purchase of clothing, camp and garrison equipage, horses, fuel, forage, Btraw, bedding, and stationery; payments of hired men and of extra-duty men; expenses incurred in the apprehension of deserters; for the burial of officers and soldiers; for hired escorts, expresses, interpreters, spies, and guides; for veterinary surgeons, and medicines for horses; for supplying posts with water; and for all other authorized outlays connected with the movements of the army not expressly assigned to any other department. Subsistence and Engineer Division. Accounts of all commissaries and acting commissaries in the army, whose duties are to purchase the provisions and stores necessary for its subsistence, and to see to their proper distribution; also accounts of officers of the corps of engineers who disburse money for the expenses of the military academy, the improvement of rivers and harbors, the construction and preservation of fortifications, the surveys on the Atlantic and Pacific coasts, the surveys of lakes and rivers, and the construction and repair of breakwaters. State War and Horse Claims Division. The settlement of all claims of the several States and Territories for expenses incurred by them for enrolling, subsisting, clothing, arming, paying, and transporting their troops while employed by the government in aiding to suppress the recent insurrection against the United States; also the settlement of claims for the loss of horses and equipages sustained by officers and enlisted men while in the military service, and for horses, mules, &c., lost while in service, by impressment or con tract. Miscellaneous Claims Division. the adjustment of claims for the appropriation of stores, the purchase of vessels, railroad stock, horses, and other means of transportation ; the occupation of real estate, court-martial fees, travelling-expenses, &c. ; claims for compensation for vessels, cars, engines, &c., lost in the military ser vice; claims growing out of the Oregon and Washington war of 1855 and 1856, and other Indian wars; claims of various descriptions under special acts of Congress, and claims not otherwise assigned for adjudication. Collection Division. Prepares accounts for suit against defaulting officers; answers all calls for informa tion from the files of the office; examines all claims lor bounty -land and pensions granted to the soldiers of the war of 1812, and properly certifies them to the commissioner of pensions for action. FOURTH AUDITORS. William Winder of Maryland, from July 19, 1798. Thomas Turner of Maryland, from Jan. 9, 1800. Constant Freeman of Massachusetts, from March 22, 1816. Constant Freeman of Massachusetts, from March 6, 1817. William P. Van Ness of New York, from May 26, 1824. William Lee of Massachusetts, from March 11, 1824, ad int. Tobias Watkins of Maryland, from June 18, 1824. Amos Kendall of Kentucky, from March 24, 1829. John C. Pickett of Kentucky, from May 1, 1835. Aaron O. Dayton of New Jersey, from June 9, 1838. Andrew J. O Bannon of Virginia, from Oct. 4, 1858, ad int. Andrew J. O Bannon of Virginia, from March 1, 1859. Taliaferro Hunter of Virginia, from Aug. 15, 1860. Hobart Berrian of New York, from April 24, 1861, ad int. Hobart Berrian of New York, from May 4, 1861. William W. Danenhower of Illinois, from May 4, 1863, ad int. Stephen J. W. Tabor of Iowa, from May 19, 1863. The fourth auditor examines, adjusts, and transfers to the second comptroller all accounts concerning the pay, expenditures, pensions, and prize-money of the navy, and the accounts of the navy department. The subordinate divisions of the bureau are : Record Prize Division. Adjusts the prize-money accounts, and prepares tabulated statements called for by Congress. Navy-Agents Division. Examines the accounts of the disbursements by the navy-agents at Portsmouth, Boston, New York, Philadelphia, Baltimore, Washington, and San Francisco. Paymasters Division. Examines the accounts of paymasters , including mechanics , rolls. FIFTH AUDITORS. Stephen Pleasonton of Delaware, from March 6, 1817. Josiah Minot of New Hampshire, from March 3, 1855. Gilbert Rodman of Pennsylvania, from July 31, 1855, ad int. Murray McConnel of Illinois, from Aug. 1, 1855. Bartholomew Fuller of North Carolina, from March 1, 1859. Thomas M. Smith of Indiana, from April 30, 1861, ad int. John C. Underwood of Virginia, from July 31, 1861. Charles M. Walker of Indiana, from Aug. 31, 1863. Henry D. Barren of Wisconsin, from April 20, 1869. Jacob H. Ela of New Hampshire, from Dec. 19, 1871. The fifth auditor examines, adjusts, and transfers to the first comptroller the diplomatic and consular accounts, the expenditures of the department of state, and the bureau of internal revenue. There are two divisions : Diplomatic and Consular Division. Adjustment is made of the expenses of all missions abroad for salaries, contingencies, and loss by exchange; consular fees, salaries, and emoluments; consular courts and prisons; the relief of American seamen; the return of American seamen charged with crime; the expenses of claims, commissions, boundary surveys, &c. Internal-Revenue Division. Accounts for assessing and of collecting the internal revenue, including the salaries, commissions, and allowances of the assessors and collectors, their contingent expenses, &c. ; the cost of revenue-stamps; the accounts for salaries and expenses of supervisors, agents, and surveyors of distilleries; the fees and expenses of gaugers ; counsel fees, and taxes refunded. SIXTH AUDITORS. Charles K. Gardner of New Jersey, from July 2, 1836. Elisha Whittlesey of Ohio, from March 17, 1841. Matthew St. Clair Clarke of District of Columbia, from Dec. 19, 1843. Peter G. Washington of Virginia, from March 26, 1845. John W. Farrelly of Pennsylvania, from Nov. 5, 1849. William F. Phillips of Virginia, from April 7, 1853. Thomas M. Tate of Virginia, from Oct. 1, 1857. Green Adams of Kentucky, from April 17, 1861. Elijah vSells of Iowa, from Oct. 26, 1864. Isaac N. Arnold of Illinois, from April 29, 1865. Hugh J. Anderson of Maine, from Sept. 26, 1866. J. J. Martin of Alabama, from April 19, 1869. Gnarles Christopher Sheats of Alabama, from March 11, 1875. Jacob M. McGrew of Ohio, from July 1, 1875. THE EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENTS. 229 The sixth auditor examines and adjusts all accounts relating to the postal service; and his decisions on these are final, unless an appeal be taken in twelve months to the first comptroller. He superintends the collection of all debts dtie the post-office department, and all penalties imposed 011 postmasters and mail contractors; directs suits and legal proceedings, civil and criminal, and takes all such measures as may be authorized by law to enforce the payment of moneys due to the department. There are eight subordinate divisions ; viz. : Collecting Division. The collection of balances due from all postmasters, late postmasters, and contract ors; also the payment of all balances due to late and present postmasters, and the adjustment and final settle ment of postal accounts. Stating Division. The general postal accounts of postmasters, and those of late postmasters, until fully stated, are in charge of this division. Examining Division. Receives and audits the quarterly accounts current of all post-offices in the United States. It is divided into four subdivisions; viz., the opening-room, the stamp-rooms, the examining corps proper, and the error-rooms. Money-Order Division. Accounts of money-orders paid and received are examined, assorted, checked, and filed; remittances are registered and checked; errors corrected. Foreirjn Mail Division. Has charge of the postal accounts with foreign governments, and the accounts with steamship companies for ocean transportation of the mails. Reyisteriny Division. Receives from the examining division the quarterly accounts current of all the post- offices in the United States; re-examines and registers them, placing each item of revenue and expenditure under its appropriate head; adds and recapitulates the same, and exhibits in the register ending June 30 of each year the total amount of receipts and expenditures for the fiscal year. Pay Division. The adjustment and payment of all accounts for the transportation of the mails, whether carried by ocean steamers, railroads, steamboats, or any mail-carrier; the accounts of the railway postal ser vice, railway postal clerks, route-agents and local agents, mail depredations, special agents, tree-delivery system, postage-stamps, postal-cards, envelopes, stamps, maps, wrapping-paper, twine, mail-bags, mail locks and keys, advertising, fees in suits 011 postal matters, and miscellaneous accounts. Bookkeeping Division. The duty of keeping the ledger-accounts of the department, embracing post masters, late postmasters, contractors, late contractors, and accounts of a general, special, and miscellaneous character. TREASURERS OF THE UNITED STATES. Samuel Meredith of Pennsylvania, from Sept. 11, 1789. Thomas Tudor Tucker of South Carolina, from Dec. 1, 1801. Michael Nourse of Virginia, from May 3, 1828, ad int. John Savage of New York, from May 9, 1828. William Clark of Pennsylvania, from June 4, 1828. John Campbell of Virginia, from May 2(5, 1829. William Selden of Virginia, from July 22, 1839. William B. Randolph of Virginia, from Nov. 23, 1850, ad int. John Sloane of Ohio, from Nov. 27, 1850. Samuel Casey of Kentucky, from April 4, 1853. William B. Randolph of Virginia, from Dec. 23, 1859, ad int. William C. Price of Missouri, from Feb. 28, I860. Francis E. Spinner of New York, from March 16, 1861. John C. New of Indiana, from June 30, 1875. A. U. Wyman of Wisconsin, from July 1, 1876. J. Gilfillau of Connecticut, from July 1, 1877. The treasurer of the United States is charged with the custody of all public moneys received into the treasury at Washington, or in the sub-treasuries at Boston, New York, Philadelphia, Baltimore, Charleston, Cincinnati, St. Louis, and San Francisco, or in the depositories and depository banks; disburses all public moneys upon the warrants of the secretary of the treasury, and upon the warrants of the postmaster-general; issues and redeems treasury-notes; is agent for the redemption of the circulating notes of national banks; is trustee of the bonds held for the security of the circulating notes of national banks, and of bonds held as security for public deposits; is custodian of Indian trust-funds; is agent for paying the interest on the public debt, and for paying the salaries of the members of the House of Representatives. The subordinate divisions of the treasury are: Issue Division. Issues are made of legal-tender notes, fractional currency, coin-certificates, &c. Redemption Division. Coin-certificates, national-bank notes, fractional currency, &c., are redeemed, and generally destroyed by maceration. Loan Division. Bonds are issued, purchased, retired, cancelled, or converted. Accounts Division. The accounts of the treasury, the sub-treasuries, and the national banks used as depos itories, are kept. National-Bank Division. Bonds held as security for national-bank circulation are examined, notes issued, redeemed, and cancelled. , , National-Bank Redemption Ayency. Notes of national banks are redeemed, assorted, and accounte< tor. REGISTERS OF THE TREASURY. Joseph Nourse of Virginia, from Sept. 12, 1789. Thomas L. Smith of Virginia, from June 1, 1829. Ransom H. Gillet of New York, from April 1, 1845. Daniel Graham of Tennessee, from June 4, 1847. Michael Nourse of Virginia, from March (!, 1849, ad int. Allen A. Hall of Tennessee, from April 7, 1849. Michael Nourse of Virginia, from Jan. 17, 1850, ad int. Townsend Haines of Pennsylvania, from Feb. 13, 1850. Michael Nourse of Virginia, from Oct. 30, 1851, ad int. Nathan Sargent of Dist. of Columbia, from Nov. 1, 1851. Finley Bigger of Indiana, from April 20, 1853. Lucius E. Chittenden of Vermont, from April 17, 18G1. Reinhold Solger of Massachusetts, from May 1, 1863, Stoddard B. Colby of Vermont, from Aug. 11, 1864. John A. Graham of Iowa, from Sept. 23, 1867, ad int. Noah L. Jeffries of Maryland, from Oct. 5, 1867. John Allison of Pennsylvania, from April 3, 1869. Glenni W. Scofield of Pennsylvania, from March 28, 1878. The register of the treasury has charge of the great account-books of the .United States, ^hich show _ev^y receipt ami disbursement, and from which statements are annually made for transmission t ?*U*S signs and issues all bonds treasury-notes, and other securities ; registers all warrants d j^J^ /???2H upon the treasurer; transmits statements of balances due to individuals after their 8 t le . me t J> s ^e lust comptroller, on which payment is made; issues ships registers, licenses, and enrolments piepares diinual returns of all vessels built; lost, or destroyed; and also prepares statements of the ton go of ^ es h ek m In importations and exportation are made, with the various articles and their values. These t0 e*, - Bonds, interest-coupons, gold-certificates, coin-checks currency certificates of deposit, and certificates of indebtedness, are examined, registered, and issued 230 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Note and Fractional Currency Division. Treasury-notes, notes of national banks which have gone into liquidation, and mutilated fractional currency, are examined, cancelled, and destroyed by maceration. Loan Division. Registered and coupon bonds are issued, embracing the transfer of all registered bonds; the conversion of coupon into registered; the ledger accounts with holders of registered bonds, and schedules made out upon which interest on same is paid. Receipts and Expenditures Division. The ledgers of the United States are kept, showing the civil, diplo matic, internal- revenue, miscellaneous, and public-debt receipts and expenditures; also statements of the warrants and drafts registered. Tonnage Division. Accounts are kept, showing the registered and the enrolled and licensed tonnage, divided into different classes, and exhibiting what is annually built, and what is engaged in the fisheries of different kinds. COMPTROLLERS OF THE CURRENCY. Hugh McCulloch of Indiana, from May 9, 1863. Freeman Clarke of New York, from March 9, 1865. Hiland R. Hulburd of Ohio, from Feb. 6, 1867. John Jay Kuox of Minnesota, from April 24, 1872. The comptroller of the currency has, under the direction of the secretary of the treasury, the control of the national banks. The divisions of this bureau are : Issue Division. The preparation and issue of national-bank circulation. Redemption Division. The redeuiption and destruction of notes issued by national banks. Reports Division. Examination and consolidation of the reports of national banks. Organization Division. The organization of national banks. SOLICITORS. Virgil Maxcy of Maryland, from May 29, 1830. Henry D. Gilpin of Pennsylvania, from June 16, 1837. Matthew Birchard of Massachusetts, from Jan. lf>, 1840. Charles B. Penrose of Pennsylvania, from March 17, 1841. Seth Barton of Louisiana, from March 25, 1845. Ransom H. Gillet of New York, from May 27, 1847. John C. Clark of New York, from Oct. 31, 1849. George F. Comstock of New York, from Nov. 15, 1852. Gilbert Rodman of Pennsylvania, from March 30, 1853, ad int. John C. Legrand of Pennsylvania, from April 8, 1853. Albert G. Constable of Maryland, from May 2, 1853. Farris B. Streeter of Pennsylvania, from June 3, 1853. Junius Hillyer of Georgia, from Dec. 1, 1857. Benjamin P. Pleasants of Kentucky, from Feb. 13, 1801, ad int. Edward Jordan of Ohio, from March 28, 1861. E. C. Banfield of Massachusetts, from April 15, 1869. Bluford AVilson of Illinois, from June 22, 1874. George F. Talbot of Maine, from July 24, 1876. Kenneth Raynor of Mississippi, from July 1, 1877. The solicitor of the treasury is an officer in the department of justice, having a seal, and is required by law to take cognizance, under the direction of the secretary of the treasury, of all frauds or attempted frauds upon the revenue, and exercises a general supervision over all legal measures for their prevention and detec tion; also to establish regulations, with the approbation of the secretary of the treasury, for the observance of collectors of the customs, and, with the approbation of the attorney-general, for the observance of United- States attorneys, marshals, and clerks respecting suits in which the United States is a party or interested. He is also empowered and directed to instruct the district attorneys, marshals, and clerks of the circuit and dis trict courts in all matters and proceedings appertaining to suits in which the United States is a party or in terested, except those arising under the internal-revenue laws. He is required to examine reports of collectors and district attorneys upon bonds delivered for suit; to inform the President of false reports of bonds delivered for suit, and supervise statements from district at torneys concerning suits, and those from marshals relating to proceedings on execution; also reports from clerks as to judgments and decrees; and is charged by the attorney-general with all post-office litigation. He also has charge of the secret-service employees engaged in the detection of persons counterfeiting the coin, currency, and public securities of the United States, and all other frauds on the government. In addi tion to the duties prescribed by law, the secretary of the treasury refers to the solicitor for opinion a very large number of cases arising in his department relating to duties, remission of fines, penalties, and for feitures, navigation and registry laws, steamboat-inspection acts, claims, &c. COMMISSIONERS OF INTERNAL REVENUE. Tench Coxe of Pennsylvania, from May 8, 1792. W. Miller of Pennsylvania, from Jan. 28, 1798. S. H. Smith of District of Columbia, from July 31, 1813. George S. Boutwell of Massachusetts, from July 12, 1862. Charles F. Estee of Massachusetts, from March 5, 1863, ad int. J. J. Lewis of Pennsylvania, from March 10, 1863. William Orton of New York, from July 1, 1865. E. A. Rollins of New Hampshire, from Nov. 1, 1865. Columbus Delano of Ohio, from March 11, 1869. Alfred Pleasonton of New York, from Jan. 3, 1871. John W. Douglass of Pennsylvania, from Aug. 9, 1871. Daniel D. Pratt of Indiana, from May 15, 1875. Green B. Rauin of Illinois, from Aug. 2, 1876. The commissioner of internal revenue makes all assessments, and superintends the collection of all taxes; preparation of instructions for special tax-stamps (formerly licenses), forms, and stamps of all kinds; and pay s_ into the treasury daily all moneys received by him from collectors. He is aided in his duties by the solicitor of internal revenue, who is an officer of the department of justice, and to whom all questions of law and practice thereunder are submitted ; by one deputy commissioner, seven heads of divisions, one stenog rapher, twenty-five clerks of class four, thirty clerks of class three, forty clerks of class two, eighteen of class one, fifty clerks at $900 each, four messengers, and ten laborers, aggregating one hundred and eighty- seven persons. The business of the bureau is transacted in seven divisions; viz.: Appointment Division. Is charged with all matters pertaining to issuing of commissions, leaves of absence, office discipline, assorting and disposition of the mail, registry and copying of all letters; with the care of the general files, and all matters relating to messengers, laborers, office stationery, printing, advertising, and tlio preparation of blanks and blank-books for the bureau. Law Division. Is charged with all questions (except as hereinafter stated) relating to seizures, suits, abatement, and refunding <-Iaims, and those relating to special taxes, documentary stamp-taxes, taxes on in comes, legacies, and successions, and on dividends, &c. ; also lands purchased for the United States on dis traint, and the extension of time on distraints. THE EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENTS. 231 Tobacco Division. Is charged with all matters (including special taxes) relating to tobacco, snuff, and cigars not in suit or in bond, stamp-tax on medicines and preparations under schedule A, Revised Statutes. Division of Accounts. Has charge of the examination and reference of the revenue and disbursing ac counts, the estimates of collectors and of their applications for special allowances, and other matters relative to advertising and the purchase of blank-books, newspapers, and stationery for collectors, revenue agents, &c. ; also has charge of the examination and reference of the monthly bills of revenue agents, gangers, and dis tillery surveyors, and of all miscellaneous claims presented to this bureau arising under any appropriation made for carrying into effect the various internal-revenue laws (excepting claims for abatement, refunding, and drawback), and the preparation of estimates for appropriations by Congress, together with the prepara tion of the statistical records of the bureau. Division of Distilled Spirits. This division is charged with the supervision of all matters pertaining to distilleries, distilled spirits, fermented liquors, wines, rectification, gangers fees and instruments, approval of bonded warehouses, and the assignment of storekeepers. Stamp Division. This division is charged with the supervision of the preparation, safe keeping, issue, and redemption of stamps for distilled spirits, tobacco, snuff, and cigars, fermented liquors, special taxes, docu mentary and proprietary stamps, and the keeping of all accounts pertaining thereto; also the supervision of all business with Adams s Express Company, and the preparation, custody, and issue of steel dies for cancel ling stamps. Division of Assessments. Is charged with the preparation of the assessment lists; with the consideration of all reports and returns, except those received from distillers, rectifiers, and brewers, affording data from which assessments may be made; also with keeping the bonded account, and with the consideration of claims for the allowance of drawback. In addition to the above, there was organized, at the commencement of what is commonly known as the "whiskey war," a division of revenue agents for the purpose of detecting any and all frauds which might be perpetrated against the internal-revenue laws; and for the reason that the work assigned to this division has been efficiently performed, and with great advantage to the interests of the government, the same has been continued, and is now in active operation. SUPERINTENDENTS OF THE COAST SURVEY. Alexander D. Bache of Pennsylvania, from Dec. 12, 1843. J. E. Hilgard of Illinois, from April 11, 1862. Benjamin Peirce of Massachusetts, from Sept. 27, 1867. C. P. Patterson of California, from May 4, 1871. The coast survey is continuing the hydrographical survey of the Atlantic, Pacific, and lake coasts, with the topography of the shores, tidal operations, &c. ; drawings of charts are made and published; and the publica tion of the " Coast Pilot " for the Atlantic coast has been commenced. THE WAR DEPAETMENT. SECRETARIES OF WAR. Henry Knox of Massachusetts, from Sept. 12, 1789. Timothy Pickering of Pennsylvania, from Jan. 2, 1795. James McHenry of Maryland, from Jan. 27, 1790. Samuel Dexter of Massachusetts, from May 13, 1800. Roger Griswold of Connecticut, from Feb. 3, 1801. Henry Dearborn of Massachusetts, from March 5, 1801. William Eustis of Massachusetts, from March 7, 1809. John Armstrong of New York, from Jan. 13, 1813. James Monroe of Virginia, from Aug. 31, 1814, ad int. William H. Crawford of Georgia, from Aug. 1, 1815. Isaac Shelby of Kentucky, from March 5, 1817. George Graham of Virginia, from April 7, 1817, ad int. John C. Calhoun of South Carolina, from Oct. 8, 1817. James Barbour of Virginia, from March 7, 1825. Samuel L. Southard of New Jersey, from May 26, 1828, ad int. Peter B. Porter of New York, from May 26, 1828. John H. Eaton of Tennessee, from March 9, 1829. Philip G. Randolph of Virginia, from June 18, 1831, ad int. Roger B. Taney of Maryland, from July 21, 1831, ad int. Lewis Cass of Ohio, from Aug. 1, 1831. Benjamin F. Butler of New York, from Oct. 25, 1836, ad int. Joel R. Poinsett of South Carolina, from March 7, 1837. John Bell of Tennessee, from March 5, 1841. John McLean of Ohio, from Sept. 13, 1841. John C. Spencer of New York, from Oct. 12, 1841. James M. Porter of Pennsylvania, from March 8, 1843. William Wilkins of Pennsylvania, from Feb. 15, 1844. William L. Marcy of New York, from March 5, 1845. George W. Crawford of Georgia, from March 8, 1849. Winfield Scott of Virginia, from July 23, 1850, ad int. Charles M. Conrad of Louisiana, from Aug. 15, 1850. Jefferson Davis of Mississippi, from March 7, 1853. Samuel Cooper of New York, from March 3, 1857, ad int. John B. Floyd of Virginia, from March.6, 1857. Joseph Holt of Kentucky, from Jan. 18, 1861. Simon Cameron of Pennsylvania, from March 5, 1861. Edwin M. Stanton of Pennsylvania, from Jan. 15, 1862. U. S. Grant of Illinois, from Aug. 12, 1867, ad int. E. M. Stanton of Pennsylvania, from Jan. 14, 1868. John M. Schofield of New York, from May 28, 1868. John A. Rawlins of Illinois, from March 11, 1869. William T. Sherman of Ohio, from Sept. 9, 1869, ad int. William W. Belknap of Iowa, from Oct. 25, 1869. George M. Robeson of New Jersey, from March 2, 1876, ad int. Alphonso Taft of Ohio, from March 8, 1876. James Donald Cameron of Pennsylvania, from May 22, 1876. George W. McCrary of Iowa, from March 12, 1877. The secretary of war performs such duties as the President of the United States, who is commander-in- chief, may enjoin upon him concerning the military service, and has the superintendence of the purchase of army supplies, transportation, &c. 232 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. The chief clerk receives in the secretary s office the public mail and correspondence; distributes, records, and answers it; keeps the accounts of appropriations and estimates; is the medium of communication between the secretary and officers of the department; and has the general superintendence of the department. ASSISTANT SECRETARIES OF WAR. Thomas A. Scott of Pennsylvania, from March 10, 18(51. Peter II. "Watson of District of Columbia, from Jan. 24, 1862. John Tucker of Pennsylvania, from Jan. 29, 1862. Christopher P. Wolcott of Ohio, from June 11, 1862. Charles A. Dana of New York, from Jan. 28, 1864. Thomas T. Eckert of New York, from July 27, 1866. The office of assistant secretary of war was abolished in 1868. MILITARY BUREAUS OF THE WAR DEPARTMENT. The chiefs of the military bureaus of the War Department are officers of the regular army of the United States, and a part of the military establishment; viz.: The Adjutant-General promulgates the orders of the President and the general commanding the army, and conducts correspondence between the general and the army, receives reports, issues commissions and resigna tions, superintends recruiting and the military prison at Leavenworth, has charge of the papers concerning the enlistment and drafting of volunteers, receives all muster-rolls, and furnishes consolidated reports of the entire army, and has charge, under the general, of details affecting the discipline of the army. The Inspector-General and his assistants inspect and report upon the personnel and the materiel of the army at all posts, stations, and depots; and give instruction relative to the correct interpretation of doubtful points of law, regulations, and orders, and upon other mooted questions regarding the proper performance of military duties ; and they also inspect the money accounts of all disbursing officers of the army under the act of Congress approved April 20, 1874. The Quartermaster-General, aided by assistants, provides quarters and transportation for the army, clothing, camp and garrison equipage, horses and mules, forage, wagons, stoves, stationery, fuel, lights, straw, hospitals, and medicines: he pays the expenses of guides, spies, and interpreters, and veterinary surgeons; pays the funeral-expenses of officers and men; and is in charge of the national cemeteries. The Commissary-General has administrative control of the subsistence department, of the disbursement of its appropriations ; the providing of rations, and their issue to the army ; the purchase and distribution of arti cles authorized to be kept for sale to officers and enlisted men ; and the adjustment of accounts and returns for subsistence funds and supplies, preliminary to their settlement by the proper accounting officers of the treasury. The Surgeon-General, under the immediate direction of the secretary of war, is charged with the adminis trative duties of the medical department, the designation of the stations of medical officers, and the issuing of all orders and instructions relating to their professional duties. He directs as to the selection, purchase, and distribution of the medical supplies of the army. The Army Medical Museum and the official publications of the surgeon-general s office are also under his direct control. The Paymaster-General and his assistants pay the army, also second auditor s treasury certificates, and keep a record of said payments. The Chief of Engineers commands the corps of engineers, which is charged with all duties relating to forti fications, whether permanent or temporary; with torpedoes for coast defence; with all works for the attack and defence of places; with all military bridges; and with such surveys as may be required for these objects, or the movement of armies in the field. It is also charged with the harbor and river improvements ; with military and geographical explorations and surveys; with the survey of the lakes; and with any other engineer work specially assigned to the corps by acts of Congress, or orders of the President of the United States. The Chief of Ordnance commands the ordnance department, the duties of which consist in providing, pre serving, distributing, and accounting for every description of artillery, small-arms, and all the munitions of war, which may be required for the fortresses of the country, the armies in the field, and for the whole body of the militia of the Union. In these duties are comprised that of determining the general principles of construc tion, and of prescribing in detail the models and forms of all military weapons employed in war. They com prise also the duty of prescribing the regulations for the proof and inspection of all these weapons, for main taining uniformity and economy in their fabrication, for insuring their good quality, and for their preservation and distribution; and, for carrying into effect the general purposes here stated, large annual appropriations are made; and, in order to fulfil these purposes, extensive operations are conducted at the national armories, arse nals, and ordnance depots. The Judge- Advocate-General and his assistant receive, review, and have recorded, the proceedings of the courts-martial, courts of inquiry, and military commissions, of the armies of the United States, and furnish reports and opinions on such questions of law and other matters as maybe referred to the bureau of military justice for the purpose by the secretary of war. The Chief Signal Officer superintends the instruction of officers and men in signal duties, supervises the preparation of maps and charts, and has the reports from the numerous stations received at Washington con- BoUdated and published. THE EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENTS. THE NAVY DEPAETMENT. SECRETARIES OF THE NAVY. George Cabot of Massachusetts, from May 3, 1798. Benjamin Stoddert of Maryland, from May 21, 1798. Robert Smith of Maryland, from July 15, 1801. Jacob Crowninshield of Massachusetts, from March 3, 1805. Paul Hamilton of South Carolina, from March 7, 1809. William Jones of Pennsylvania, from Jan. 12, 1813. Benjamin W. Crowninshield of Massachusetts, from Dec. 19, 1814. Smith Thompson of New York, from Nov. 9, 1818. John Rodgeis of Maryland, from Sept. 1, 1823, ad int. Samuel L. Southard of New Jersey, from Sept. 16, 1823. John Branch of North Carolina, from March 9, 1829. Levi Woodbury of New Hampshire, from May 23, 1831. Mahlon Dickersen of New Jersey, from June 30, 1834. James K. Paulding of New York, from June 25, 1838. George E. Badger of North Carolina, from March 5, 184L Abel P. Upshur of Virginia, from Sept. 13, 1841. David Henshaw of Massachusetts, from July 24, 1843. Thomas W. Gilmer of Virginia, from Feb. 15, 1844. John Y. Mason of Virginia, from March 14, 1844. George Bancroft of Massachusetts, from March 10, 1845. John Y. Mason of Virginia, from Sept. 9, 1846. William B. Preston of Virginia, from March 8, 1849. William A. Graham of North Carolina, from Julv 22. 1850. John P. Kennedy of Maryland, from July 22, 1852. James C. Dobbin of North Carolina, from March 7, 1853. Isaac Toucey of Connecticut, from March 6, 1857. Gideon Welles of Connecticut, from March 5, 1861. Adolph E. Borie of Pennsylvania, from March 5, 1869. George M. Robeson of New Jersey, from June 25, 1869. Richard W. Thompson of Indiana, from March 12, 1877. The secretary of the navy performs such duties as the President of the United States, who is commander- in-chifif, may assign him; and has the general superintendence of construction, manning, armament, equip ment, and employment of vessels-of-war. Ttut C3uef Clerk has general charge of the records and correspondence of the secretary s office. ASSISTANT SECRETARIES OF THE NAVY. Gustavns V. Fox of Massachusetts, from July 31, 1861. I Gustavus V. Fox of Massachusetts, from Nov. 26, William Faxon of Connecticut, from June 1, 1866. | 1866. The office of assistant secretary of the navy was abolished in 1868. NAVAL BUREAUS OF THE NAVY DEPARTMENT. The chiefs of the naval bureaus of the Navy Department are officers of the United-States navy, and a part of the naval establishment ; viz. : The, Chief of the Bureau of Yards and Docks has charge of the navy-yards and naval stations, their construc tion and repair: he purchases timber and other materials. The Chief of the Bureau of Navigation supplies vessels-of-war with maps, charts, chronometers, barometers, flags, signal-lights, glasses, and stationery: he has charge of the publication of charts, " The Nautical Almanac," and surveys ; and the Naval Observatory and Hydrographic Office at Washington are under the direction of this bureau. The Chief of the Bureau of Ordnance has charge of the manufacture of naval ordnance and ammunition; the armament of vessels-of-war; the arsenals and magazines; the trials and tests of ordnance, small-arms, and ammunition; also of the torpedo-service, and torpedo-station at Newport, and experimental battery at Annapolis. The Chief of the Bureau of Provisions and Clothing has charge of all contracts and purchases for the supply of provisions, water for cooking and drinking purposes, clothing, and small stores for the use of the navy. The Chief of the Bureau of Medicine and Surgery superintends every thing relating to medicines, medical stores, surgical instruments, and hospital supplies required for the treatment of the sick and wounded of the navy and the marine corps. The Chief of the Bureau of Construction and Repair has charge of dry-docks and of all vessels undergoing repairs, the designing, building, and fitting-out of vessels, and the armor of iron-clads. Tlie Chief of the Bureau of Equipment and Recruitinfi has charge of the equipment of all vessels-of-war, and the supply to their sails, rigging, anchors, and fuel; also of the recruiting of sailors of the various grades. The Enrjineer-in-Chief directs the designing, fitting out, running, and repairing of the steam marine engines, boilers and appurtenances used on vessels-of-war, and the workshops in the navy-yards where they are made and repaired. 234 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. THE DEPAETMENT OF THE INTEKIOK, SECRETARIES OF THE INTERIOR. Thomas Ewing of Ohio, from March 8, 1849. Thomas M. T. McKennan of Pennsylvania, from Aug. 15, 1850. Alexander H. H. Stuart of Virginia, from Sept. 12, 1850. Robert McClelland of Michigan, from March 7, 1853. Jacob Thompson of Mississippi, from March 6, 1857. Caleb B. Smith of Indiana, from March 5, 1861. John P. Usher of Indiana, from Jan, 8, 1863, James Harlan of Iowa, from May 15, 1865. Orville H. Browning of Illinois, from Sept. 1, 1865, Jacob D. Cox of Ohio, from March 5, 1869. Columbus Delano of Ohio, from Nov. 1, 1870. Zachariah Chandler of Michigan, from Oct. 19, 1875, Carl Schurz of Missouri, from March 12, 1877. The secretary of the interior is charged with the supervision of public business relating to patents for inventions; pensions and bounty-lands ; the public lands, including mines ; the Indians; education; the census, when directed by law; the custody and distribution of public documents; and certain hospitals and eleemosy nary institutions in the District of Columbia. He also exercises certain powers and duties in relation to the Territories of the United States. ASSISTANT SECRETARIES OF THE INTERIOR. John P. Usher of Indiana, from March 20, 1862. "William T. Otto of Indiana, from Jan. 29, 1863. Benjamin R. Cowen of Ohio, from April 17, 1871. Charles T. Gorham of Michigan, from March 10, 1876, Alonzo Bell of New York, from April 9, 1877. The assistant secretary of the interior performs such duties as are prescribed by the secretary or required! by law, aiding in the general administration of the affairs of the department. In the absence of the secretary, he acts as the head of the department. The Chief Clerk has the general management of the order of business in the secretary s office, which is transacted in divisions; viz., Appointment Division, Disbursement Division, Land and Railroad Division, Indian Division, Pension and Miscellaneous Division. Document Division, Stationery Division, and Returns Office. COMMISSIONERS OF THE GENERAL LAND-OFFICE.* Edward Tiffin of Ohio, from May 7, 1812. Josiah Meigs of Georgia, from Oct. 11, 1814. John McLean of Ohio, from Sept. 11, 1822. George Graham of District of Columbia, from June 26, 1823. John M. Moore of Pennsylvania, from Oct. 1, 1830, ad int. Elijah Hayward of Ohio, from Sept. 30, 1830. Ethan A. Brown of Ohio, from Aug. 31, 1835. James Whitcomb of Indiana, from Oct. 31, 1836. Elisha M. Huntington of New York, from Julv 3, 1841. Thomas H. Blake of Indiana, from May 19, 1842. James Shields of Illinois, from April 16, 1845. Richard M. Young of Illinois, from Jan. 6, 1847. Justin Butterfield of Illinois, from Jan. 24, 1850. John Wilson of District of Columbia, from Sept. 16, 1852. Thomas A. Hendricks of Indiana, from Jan. 8, 1856. Samuel A. Smith of Tennessee, from Jan. 18 T 1860. Joseph S. Wilson of District of Columbia, from Feb. 13, 1860. James M. Edmunds of Michigan, from March 19, 1861. Joseph S. Wilson of District of Columbia, from Aug. 10, 18(56. Willis Drummond of Iowa, from Feb. 4, 1871. Samuel S. Burdett of Missouri, from June 1, 1874. James A. Williamson of Iowa, from June 24, 1876. The commissioner of public lands is charged with the survey, management, and sale of the public domain, and the issuing of titles therefor, whether derived from confirmations of grants made by former governments, by sales, donations, or grants for schools, railroads, military bounties, or public improvements. The land-office also audits its own accounts. The divisions of the office are, the Recorder s, Public Lands, Private Land-Claims, Surveys, Draughting, Mineral Claims, Railroads, Bounty Lands, Swamp Lands, Pre-emption Claims, and Accounts. COMMISSIONERS OF PATENTS. 2 William Thornton of District of Columbia, from 1802. Thomas P. Jones, from April 12, 1828. John D. Craig, from Jan. 1, 1830. James C. Pickett of Virginia, from Feb. 1, 1835. Henry L. Ellsworth of Connecticut, from July 4, 1836. Edmund Burke of New Hampshire, from May 5, 1845. Thomas Ewbank of New York, from Sept. 3, 1850. Silas II. Hodges of Vermont, from Nov. 8, 1852. Richard C. Weightman of District of Columbia, ad int. Charles Mason of New York, from March 24, 1853. S. T. Shugert of Pennsylvania, from March 5, 1857, ad int. Ellis Spear of Maine, from April, 1877. 1 The General Land Office was organized as a bureau of the Treasury Department by Act of Congress approved April 25, 1812 (prior to which time grants of land were issued by letters-patent from the Department of State), and was transferred to the Department of the Interior upon the creation of the department in 1849. 2 Prior to the year 1*36 the Patent Office was a bureau in the Department of State, and the heads of the office were styled " superintendents." The office was re-organized by Act of Congress approved July 4, 1836, and transferred to the Department f the Interior upon tho creation of this department in 1849. THE EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENTS. 235 Joseph Holt of Kentucky, from Sept. 10, 1857. Samuel T. Shugert of Pennsylvania, from March 15, 1859, ad int. "William D. Bishop of Connecticut, from May 23, 1859. Philip F. Thomas of Maryland, from Feb. 16, I860. Samuel T. Shugert of Pennsylvania, from Dec. 14, 1860, ad int. David P. Holloway of Indiana, from March 28, 1861. Thomas C. Theaker of Ohio, from Aug. 17, 1865. Elisha Foote of New York, from June 6, 1868. Samuel S. Fisher of Ohio, from May 1, 1869. Mortimer D. Leggett of Ohio, from Jan. 16, 1871. John M. Thacher of Virginia, from Nov. 1, 1874. R. Holland Duell of New York, from Oct. 1, 1875. Ellis Spear of Maine, from Jan. 30, 1877. The commissioner of patents is charged with the administration of the patent-laws, and supervises all mat ters relating to the issue of letters-patent for new and useful discoveries, inventions, and improvements He is aided by an assistant commissioner, three examiners-in-chief, twenty-four examiners, an examiner of inter ferences, and an examiner of trade-marks. COMMISSIONERS OF PENSIONS.* James L. Edwards of Virginia, from March 9, 1837. James E. Heath of Virginia, from Nov. 27, 1850. Loren P. Waldo of Connecticut, from March 17, 1853. Josiah Minot of New Hampshire, from Jan. 10, 1856. George C. Whiting of Virginia, from Jan. 19, 1857. Joseph H. Barrett of Ohio, from May 1, 1861. Christopher C. Cox of Maryland, from July 28, 1868. Henry Van Acrnam of New York, from May 1,1869. James H. Baker of Minnesota, from April 20, 1871. Henry M. Atkinson of Nebraska, from March 26, 1875. Charles R. Gill of Wisconsin, from Feb. 10, 1876. John A. Bentley of Wisconsin, from March 28, 1876. futionary and all subsequent wars in which the United States has been engaged. He is assisted by a deputy- commissioner, a medical referee, and a board of appeal. The divisions of the office are entitled the Invalid, Widows , War of 1812, Medical, Records and Accounts, Bounty-Land, Special Service, and Mail. COMMISSIONERS OF INDIAN AFFAIRS. 2 Elbert Herring of Connecticut, from July, 1832. Carey A. Harris of Tennessee, from July 4, 1836. Thomas Hartley Crawford of Pennsylvania, from Oct. 22, 1838. William Medill of Ohio, from Oct. 28, 1845. Orlando Brown of Kentucky, from May 29, 1850. Luke Lea of Mississippi, from July 1, 1850. George W. Manypenny of Ohio, from March 24, 1853. James W. Denver of California, from April 17, 1857. Charles E. Mix of Connecticut, from June 17, 1858. James W. Denver of California, from Nov. 8, 1858. Alfred B. Greenwood of Georgia, from May 13, 1859. William P. Dole of Illinois, from March 14, 1881. Dennis N. Cooley of Iowa, from July 11, 1865. Lewis V. Bogy of Missouri, from Nov. 1, 1866. Nathaniel G. Taylor of Tennessee, from March 26L 1867. Ely S. Parker of New York, from April 21, 1869. Francis A. Walker of Massachusetts, from Dec. 16, 1871. Edward P. Smith of New York, from March 20, 1&73. John Q. Smith of Ohio, from Dec. 11, 1875. Ezra A. Hayt of New York, from August, 187T. The commissioner of Indian affairs has charge of the several tribes of Indians in the States and Territories. He issues instructions to, and receives reports from, inspectors, superintendents, agents, and traders; super intends the purchase, transportation, and distribution of presents and annuities; and reports annually the rela tion of the government with each tribe. The divisions of the office are four in number; viz., the Finance, Land Accounts, Civilization, Educational and Records. COMMISSIONERS OF EDUCATION. Henry Barnard of Connecticut, from March 14, 1867. | John Eaton of Tennessee, from March 16, 1870. The duties of the commissioner of education are to collect such statistics and facts as shall show the condi tion and progress of education in the several States and Territories, and of diffusing such information respecting the organization and management of schools and school systems, and methods of teaching, as shall aid the people of the United States in the establishment and maintenance of efficient school systems, and otherwise promote the cause of education throughout the country. SUPERINTENDENTS OF THE CENSUS. 8 J. C. G. Kennedy of Pennsylvania, from 1850. J. D. B. DeBow of Louisiana, from 1853. J. C. G. Kennedy of Pennsylvania, from 1860. Francis A. Walker of Massachusetts, from Feb. 7, 1870. The superintendent of the census supervises the taking of the census of the United States every tenth year, and the subsequent arrangement, compilation, and publication of the statistics collected. 1 The Pension Office was a bureau in the War Department until the creation of the Department of the Interior in the year 1849. The office of Commissioner of Pensions was created by Act of March 2, 1833. 2 The office of Indian Affairs was a bureau of the War Department until its transfer to the Department of the Interior upon the organization of that department in 1849. The office of Commissioner of Indian Affairs was created by Act of July 9, 1832 Prior to the year 1850, the work of the Census Office was conducted under the direction of the secretary of state. By Act of March 3, 1849, this supervision was transferred to the secretary of the interior, the chief of the office being styled "Superintending Clerk," and afterwards " Superintendent." 236 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. THE POST-OFFICE DEPARTMENT. POSTMASTERS-GENERAL. Samuel Osgpod of Massachusetts, from Sept. 26, 1789. Timothy Pickering of Pennsylvania, from Aug. 12, 1791. Joseph Habersham of Georgia, from Feb. 25, 1795. Gideon Granger of Connecticut, from Nov. 28, 1801. Return J, Meigs, jun., of Ohio, from March 17, 1814. John McLean of Ohio, from June 26, 1823. William T. Barry of Kentucky, from March 9, 1829. Amos Kendall of Kentucky, from May 1, 1835. John M. Niles of Connecticut, from May 19, 1840. Francis Granger of New York, from March 6, 1841. Charles A. Wickliffe of Kentucky, from Sept. 13, 1841. Cave Johnson of Tennessee, from March 6, 1845. Jacob Collainer of Vermont, from March 8, 1849. Nathan K, Hall of New York, from July 23, 1850. Samuel D. Hubbard of Connecticut, from Aug. 31, 1852. James Campbell of Pennsylvania, from March 7, 1853. Aaron V. Brown of Tennessee, from March 6, 1857. Joseph Holt of Kentucky, from March 14, 1859. Horatio King of Maine, from Feb. 12, 1861. Montgomery Blair of District of Columbia, from March 5, 1861. "William Dennison of Ohio, from Sept. 24, 1864. Alexander W. Randall of "Wisconsin, from July 25, 1866. John A. J. Creswell of Maryland, from March 5, 1869. James W. Marshall of Virginia, from July 3, 1874. Marshall Jewell of Connecticut, from Aug. 24, 1874. James N. Tyner of Indiana, from July 12, 1876. David M. Key of Tennessee, from March 12, 1877. The postmaster-general has the direction and management of the Post-office Department. He appoints all officers and employes of the department, except the three assistants postmaster-general, who are appointed by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate ; appoints all postmasters whose compensation does not exceed one thousand dollars; makes postal treaties with foreign governments, by and with the advice and consent of the President; awards and executes contracts; and directs the management of the domestic and foreign mail service. FIRST ASSISTANT POSTMASTERS-GENERAL. Seth Pease of Connecticut, 1816. Abraham Bradley of Connecticut, 1817. Phineas Bradley of Connecticut, 1816. (The office was dispensed with for some years.) Charles K. Gardner of New Jersey, 1829. Selah R. Hobbie of New York, 1836. S. D. Jacobs of Tennessee, 1851. Selah R. Hobbie of New York, from March 22, 1853. Horatio King of Maine, from March 28, 1854. St. John B. L. Skinner of New York, 1861. John A. Kasson of Iowa, from March 8, 1861. Alexander W. Randall of Wisconsin, from Jan. 9, 1863. St. John B. L. Skinner of New York, from July 28, 1866. George Earle of Maryland, from April 2, 1869. James W. Marshall of New Jersey, from Dec. 1, 1869. James H. Marr of Maryland, from July 7, 1874. James W. Marshall of New Jersey, from Aug. 24, 1874. James N. Tyner of Indiana, from March 16, 1877. The first assistant postmaster-general has charge of the appointment-office, which includes five divisions; viz.: Appointment Division. The duty of preparing all cases for the establishment, discontinuance, and change of name or site of post-offices, and for the appointment of all postmasters, agents, postal clerks, mail-messengers, and department employe s, and attending to all correspondence consequent thereto. Bond Division. The duty of receiving and recording appointments; sending out papers for postmasters and their assistants to qualify; receiving, entering, and filing their bonds and oaths; and issuing the commis sions for postmasters. Salary and Allowance Division. The duty of re-adjusting the salaries of postmasters, and the consideration of allowances for rent, fuel, and lights, clerk-hire, and miscellaneous expenditures. Free Delwcnj. The duty of preparing cases for the inauguration of the system in cities, the appointment of letter-carriers, and the general supervision of the system. Blank Agency Division. The duty of sending out the blanks, wrapping-paper, and twine, letter-balances, and cancelling-stamps to offices entitled to receive the same. SECOND ASSISTANT POSTMASTERS-GENERAL. Selah R. Hobbie of New York, 1829. Robert Johnson of Pennsylvania, 1836. Philo C. Fuller of New York, 1841. John A. Bryan of Massachusetts, 1842. J. W. Tyson, 1843. N. M. Miller of Virginia, 1844. William Medill of Delaware, 1845. William J. Brown of Indiana, 1845. Fitz Henry Warren of Iowa, 1851. William II. Dundas of Virginia, 1852. George W. McLellan of Massachusetts, from March 13, 1861. Giles A. Smith of Illinois, from March 26, 1869. John L. Routt of Illinois, from Oct. 12, 1871. James N. Tyner of Indiana, from Feb. 26, 1875. Thomas J. Brady of Indiana, from July 24, 1876. The second assistant postmaster-general has charge of the contract-office, mail equipments, &c., including the following three divisions: Contract Division. The arrangement of the mail-service of the United States, and placing the same under contract, embracing all correspondence and proceedings respecting the frequency of trips, mode of conveyance, and times of departures and arrivals on all the routes, the course of the mails between the different sections of the country, the points of mail-distribution, and the regulations for the government of the domestic mail-service. THE EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENTS. 237 It prepares the advertisements for mail-proposals, receives the bids, and has charge of the annnal and occa sional mail-lettings, and the adjustment and execution of the contracts. All applications for the establishment or alteration of mail-arrangements and for mail-messengers should be sent to this office. All claims should bo submitted to it for transportation service not under contract. From this office all postmasters at the end of routes receive the statement of mail-arrangements prescribed for the respective routes. It reports weekly to the auditor all contracts executed, and all orders affecting the accounts for mail-transportation prepares the statistical exhibits of the mail-service, and the reports to Congress of the mail-lettings, giving a statement of each bid, also of the contracts made, the new service originated, the curtailments ordered, and the additional allowances granted within the year. Infection Division. The duty of receiving and examining the registers of the arrivals and departures of the mails, certificates of the service of route-agents, and reports of mail-failures; noting the delinquencies of contractors, and preparing cases thereon for the action of the postmaster-general; furnishing blanks for mail- registers, reports of mail failures, and other duties which may be necessary to secure a faithful and exact per formance of all mail contracts and service. Mail-Equipment Division. The issuing of mail locks and keys, mail pouches and sacks, and the construction of mail-bag catchers. THIRD ASSISTANT POSTMASTERS-GENERAL. Daniel Coleman of North Carolina, 1836. John S. Skinner of Maryland, 1841. N. M. Miller of Virginia, 1845. (This office was dispensed with for some years.) John Marron of Georgia. Alexander N. Zevely of North Carolina, from March 5, 1859. W. H. H. Terrell of Indiana, from May 22, 18G9. Edward W. Barber of Michigan, from March 17, 1873. Abram D. Hazen of Pennsylvania, from July 1, 1877. The third assistant postmaster-general has charge of the finance-office, &c., embracing the following four divisions : Division of Finance. The duty of issuing drafts and warrants in payment of balances reported by the auditor to be due to mail-contractors or other persons; the superintendence of the collection of revenue at depository, draft, and depositing offices, and the accounts between the department, and the treasurer and as sistant treasurers and special designated depositaries of the United States. This division receives all accounts, monthly or quarterly, of the depository and draft offices, and certificates of deposit from depositing-offices. Division of Postage-Stamps and Stamped Envelopes. The issuing of postage-stamps, stamped envelopes, newspaper-wrappers, and postal cards ; also the supplying of postmasters with envelopes for their official use, and registered package-envelopes and seals. Division of Registered Letters. The duty of preparing instructions for the guidance of postmasters relative to registered letters and all correspondence connected therewith; also the compilation of statistics as to the transactions of the business. Division of Dead Letters. The examination, and return to the writers, of dead letters, and all correspondence relating thereto. The Superintendent of Foreign Mails has charge of all foreign postal arrangements, and the supervision of the ocean mail-steamship service. The Superintendent of the Money-Order System has the general supervision and control of the postal money- order system throughout the United States, and the supervision of the international money-order correspond ence with foreign countries. DEPAETMENT OF JUSTICE. ATTORNEYS-GENERAL. Edmund Randolph of Virginia, from Sept. 26, 1789. "William Bradford of Pennsylvania, from Jan. 27, 1794. Charles Lee of Virginia, from Dec. 10, 1795. Levi Lincoln of Massachusetts, from March 5, 1801. Robert Smith of Maryland, from March 3, 1805. John Breckinridge of Kentucky, from Aug. 7, 1805. Cjcsar A. Rodney of Pennsylvania, from Jan. 20, 1807. William Pinkney of Maryland, from Dec. 11, 1811. Richard Rush of Pennsylvania, from Feb. 10, 1814. William Wirt of Virginia, from Nov. 13, 1817. John Macpherson Berrien of Georgia, from March 9, 1829. Roger B. Taney of Marvland, from July 20, 1831. Benjamin F. Butler of New York, from Nov. 15, 1833. Felix Grundy of Tennessee, from July 5, 1838. Henry D. Gilpin of Pennsylvania, from Jan. 11, 1840. John J. Crittcnden of Kentucky, from March 5, 1841. Hugh S. LegarcS of South Carolina, from Sept. 13, 1841. John Nelson of Maryland, from July 1, 1843. John Y. Mason of Virginia, from March 6, 1845. Nathan Clifford of Maine, from Oct. 17, 1846. Isaac Toucey of Connecticut, from June 21, 1848. Reverdy Johnson of Maryland, from March 8, 1849. John J. Crittenden of Kentucky, from July 22, 1850. Caleb Gushing of Massachusetts, from March 7, 1853. Jeremiah S. Black of Pennsylvania, from March 6, 1857. Edwin M. Stanton of Pennsylvania, from Dec. 20, 1860. Edward Bates of Missouri, from March 5, 1861. James Speed of Kentucky, from Dec. 2, 1864. Henry Stanbery of Kentucky, from July 23, 1866. William M. Evarts of Ne\v York, from July 15, 1868. Ebenezer R. Hoar of Massachusetts, from March 6, 1869. Amos T. Akerman of Georgia, from June 23, 1870. George H. Williams of Oregon, from Jan. 10, 1872. Edwards Pierrepont of New York, from May 15, 1875. Alphonso Taft of Ohio, from May 22, 1876. Charles Devens of Massachusetts, from March 12, 1877. The attorney-general is the head of the Department of Justice, and the chief law-officer of the government. He represents the United States in matters involving legal questions; he gives his advice and opinion on ques tions of law when they are required by the President, or by the heads of the other executive departments on 238 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. questions of law arising upon the administration of their respective departments; he exercises a general super intendence and direction over United-States attorneys and marshals in all judicial districts in the States and Territories ; and he provides special counsel for the United States whenever required by any department of the government. He is assisted by a chief clerk and other clerks and employe s in the executive management of the business of the department. The law clerk, who is also an examiner of titles, assists the attorney-general in the investigation of legal questions and in the preparation of opinions. SOLICITORS-GENERAL. Benjamin H. Bristow of Kentucky, Oct. 11, 1870. | Samuel F. Phillips of North Carolina, Dec. 11, 1872. The solicitor-general assists the attorney-general in the performance of his general duties, and by special provision of law, in the case of a vacancy in the office of attorney-general, or in his absence, exercises all these duties. Except when the attorney-general in particular cases otherwise directs, the attorney-general and solicitor-general conduct and argue all cases in the Supreme Court and in the Court of Claims in which the United States are interested; and, when the attorney-general so directs, any such case in any court of the. United States may be conducted and argued by the solicitor-general ; and in the same way the solicitor-general may be sent by the attorney-general to attend to the interests of the United States in any State court or else where. ASSISTANT ATTORNEYS-GENERAL. Alfred B. McCalmont of Pennsylvania, March 14, 1859. Titian J. Coffey of Pennsylvania, April 20, 18(51. J. Hubley Ashton of Pennsylvania, May 10, 1864. John M. Binckley of District of Columbia, June 1, 18G7. J. Hubley Ashton of Pennsylvania, July 30, 1868. T. Lyle Dickey of Illinois, July 30, 1868. Walbridge A. Field of Massachusetts, May 1, 1869. Thomas H. Talbot of Maine, Dec. 1, 1869. Clement Hugh Hill of Massachusetts, Oct. 3, 1870. Walter H. Smith of Ohio, March 17, 1871. William McMichael of Pennsylvania, Oct. 15, 1871. John Goforth of Pennsylvania, March 18, 1873. Thomas Simons of New York, May 28, 1875. Edwin B. Smith of Maine, Aug. 28, 1875. Augustine S. Gaylord of Michigan, Nov. 8, 1875. Edgar M. Marble of Michigan, April 4, 1877. Two assistant attorneys-general assist the attorney-general and the solicitor-general in the performance of their duties. One assists in the argument of causes in the Supreme Court and in the preparation of legal opinions: the other is charged with the conduct of the defence of the United States in the Court of Claims. Under the Act of 1870, the different law-officers of the executive departments exercise their functions under the supervision and control of the attorney-general. They are, the assistant attorney-general for the department of the interior ; the assistant attorneif-general for the post-office department ; the solicitor of the treasury, and the solicitor of internal revenue, treasury department; the naval solicitor, navy department; and the examiner of claims, state department. THE DEPAETMENT OF AGEICULTUEE. COMMISSIONERS OF AGRICULTURE. Isaac Newton of Pennsylvania, June 30, 1867. Horace Capron of Illinois, Dec. 4, 1867. Frederick Watts of Pennsylvania, Aug. 1, 1871. William G. LeDuc of Minnesota, July 1, 1877. The commissioner of agriculture is required to collect and diffuse useful information on subjects connected with agri ulture. He is to acquire and preserve in his office all information he can obtain concerning agri culture by means of books and correspondence, and by practical and scientific experiments, the collection of statistics, and other appropriate means; to collect new and valuable seeds and plants; to learn by actual culti vation such of them as may require such tests ; to propagate such as may be worthy of propagation, and to distribute them among agriculturists. The Statistician. He collects reliable information as to the condition, prospects, and results of the cereal, cotton, and other crops, by the instrumentality of four correspondents in each county of every State: this infor mation is^gathered at stated periods of each month, carefully studied, estimated, tabulated, and published. The Entomologist. He obtains information with regard to insects injurious to vegetation; investigates the character of insects sent him, to point out their modes of infliction, and the means by which their depredations may be avoided; and arranges specimens of their injuries and nest architecture. The Botanist. He receives botanical contributions, and, after making desirable selections for the National Herbarium, distributes the duplicate plants among foreign and domestic scientific societies, institutions of learning, and botanists; and answers inquiries of a botanico-agricultural character. The Chemist. He makes analyses of natural fertilizers, vegetable products, and other materials which pertain to the interests of agriculture. Applications are constantly made from all portions of the country for the analysis of soils, minerals, liquids, and manipulated manures. The Microteoptst. He makes original investigations, mostly relating to the habits of parasitic fungoid plants, which arcs frequently found on living plants and animals, producing sickly growth, and, in many cases, prema ture death. The Propagating Garden. Large numbers of exotic, utilizable, and economic plants are propagated and THE EXECUTIVE DEPABTMENTS. 239 distributed. The orange family is particularly valuable; and the best commercial varieties are propagated and distributed to the greatest practicable extent. The tieed Division. Seeds are purchased, in this and foreign countries, of reliable firms, whose guaranty of good quality and genuineness cannot be questioned: they are packed at the department, and distributed to applicants in all parts of the country. The Library. Exchanges are made, by which the library receives reports of the leading agricultural, porno- logical, and meteorological societies of the world. THE PUBLIC FEINTING, The printing and binding of the two Houses of Congress and of the executive departments was executed by contracts, awarded to the lowest bidders, until 1819, when it was made the duty of the Senate and House to elect printers for each successive Congress; and, later, the President was directed to have all the printing and binding of the executive departments executed by one of the congressional printers, designated by him. It frequently happened, in carrying out this law, that one -firm or person was elected by each House as its printer for that Congress. The printers thus elected, generally proprietors of Washington newspapers, were: Printers to the Senate. Gales and Seaton of "The National Intelligencer," 1820; Duff Green, "Tele- Saph," 1831; Gales and Seaton, 1835; Thomas Allen, " Madisonian," 1841; Gales and Seaton, 1843; Ritchie and eiss, " Union," 1845; Robert Armstrong, " Union," 1852; Beverly Tucker, " Sentinel," 1852; A. O. P. Nichol son, " Union," 185(3; W. A. Harris, " Union," 1857; George W. Bowman, I860. Printers to the House of Representatives. Gales and Seaton, 1821; Blair and Rives, " Globe," 1835; Thomas Allen, 1837; Gales and Seaton, 1841; Blair and Rives, 1843; Ritchie and Hciss, 1845; John T. Towers, 1853; A. O. P. Nicholson, 1854; Cornelius Wendell, 1850; J. H. Steadman, 1857; Thomas H. Ford, I860. The Public Printing-Office was established in 18GO, and has since been under the superintendence of the fol lowing gentlemen, with varied official designations: Cornelius Wendell of New York, from I860; John D. Defrees of Indiana, from March 5, 1861; Cornelius Wendell, from Sept. 1, 18GG; John D. Defrees, from Feb. 26, 1867; Almon M. Clapp of New York, from June 4, 1868; John D. Defrees, from April 6, 1877. "The Congressional Globe" was published by John C. Rives from December, 1833, until March G, 1873, giving reports of the debates and proceedings of the Twenty-third to the Forty-second Congresses inclusive. "The Congressional Record " has been published, by order of Congress, at the Public Printing-Office since the commencement of the Forty-third Congress, Dec. 1, 1873. Copies are supplied to the public at the cost of printing. THE CONGEESSIONAL DIKECTOEY, "The Congressional Directory" was published as a private enterprise from 1820 until 1864 inclusive, and copies were sold to Congress and to the Departments. It was sometimes two months after the commencement of a session before the first edition of the Directory was ready for delivery; and the work did not contain much of the varied information given in similar publications at the capitals of some of the States, and at the seats of government in Europe. At the commencement of the second session of the Thirty-eighth Congress, a Joint resolution was passed unanimously, ordering the compilation and publication of " The Congressional Directory," under the direction of the Joint Committee on Public Printing. The joint committee, urged by senators and representatives to give additional value to the work, examined upward of twenty publications of a similar nature, and adopted several features, among them statistical sketches of members of Congress. The form of these statistical K. j. -i -txrlii >Ti mo^ +Tii "" ~ * J *~ 1 ~ - --- * ~._~,i .*.*. ~ , . . . t 1 , : . < i-rTi*iV <-l-ir*t-r -f ruin /I ir CV fill nl 1/" 1 iYtlO n (MIT IT" I ft 1 the "House of Commons, and it has since been used as a model in the compilat ^ r compiler of this work. The favor with which the publication has been received prompted the preparation of this Congressional Directory, which includes all of the executive, legislative, and judicial officers of the Federal Government to the present time. THE JUDICIARY. THE JUDICIARY. CHIEF JUSTICES OF THE SUPREME COURT. John Jay of New York, appointed by Washington, Sept. 26, 1789; resigned 1791. John Rutledge of South Carolina, appointed by Wash ington, July 1, 1795; rejected Dec. 15, 1795. V Vji JL^llO *V \Ji \,ll U V^Wlimjl^LJ^ULj C*J [_IV111 LUll U V TT Cfci ington, March 4, 1796; resigned November, 1796. John Marshall of Virginia, appointed by J. Adams, Jan. 20, 1801; died July 6, 1835. Roger Brooke Taney of Maryland, appointed by Jack son, March 15, 1836; died Oct. 12, 1864. Salmon Portland Chase of Ohio, appointed by Lincoln, Dec. 6, 1864; died May 7, 1873. George H. Williams of Oregon, appointed by Grant in 1873 ; rejected. Caleb Gushing of Massachusetts, appointed by Grant in 187- !; rejected. Morrison 11. Waite of Ohio, appointed by Grant, Jan. 21, 174. JUSTICES OF THE SUPREME COURT. John Rutledge of South Carolina, appointed by Wash ington, Sept. 26, 1789; resigned 1791. William Cushing of Massachusetts, appointed by Wash ington, Sept. 26, 1789; died 1810. James Wilson of Pennsylvania, appointed by Wash ington, Sept. 26, 1789; died 1798. John Blair of Virginia, appointed by Washington, Sept. 26, 1789; resigned 1796. Robert H. Harrison of Maryland, appointed by Wash ington, Sept. 26, 1789; resigned 1790. James Tredell of North Carolina, appointed by Wash ington, Feb. 10, 1790; died 1799. Thomas Johnson of Maryland, appointed by Washing ton, Aug. 5, 1791 ; resigned 1793. William Patterson of New Jersey, appointed by Wash ington, March 4, 1793; died 1806. Samuel Chase of Maryland, appointed by Washington. Jan. 27, 1796; died 1811. Bushrod Washington of Virginia, appointed by J. Adams, Sept. 29, 1798; died 1829. Alfred Moore of North Carolina, appointed by J. Adams, Dec. 10, 1799; resigned 1804. William Johnson of South Carolina, appointed by Jef ferson, March 2(5, 1804; died 1834. Brockholst Livingston of New York, appointed by Jef ferson, Nov. 10, 1806; died 1823. Thomas Todd of Kentucky, appointed by Jefferson, March 2, 1807; died 1826. Levi Lincoln of Massachusetts, appointed by Madison, Jan. 3, 1811; declined. John Quincy Adams of Massachusetts, appointed by Madison, Feb. 22, 1811; declined. Joseph Story of Massachusetts, appointed by Madison, Nov. 18, 1811; died J845. Gabriel Duval of Maryland, appointed by Madison, Nov. 18, 1811 ; resigned 1836. Smith Thompson of New York, appointed by Monroe, Dec. 9, 1823; died 1843. Robert Trimble of Kentucky, appointed by J. Q. Adams, May 9, 1826; died 1828. John McLean of Ohio, appointed by Jackson, March 7, 1829; died 1861. Henry Baldwin of Pennsylvania, appointed by Jack son, Jan. 6, 1830; died 184G. James M. Wayne of Georgia, appointed by Jackson, Jan. 9, 1835; died 1867. Philip P. Barbour of Virginia, appointed by Jackson, March 15, 1836; died 1841. John Catron of Tennessee, appointed by Van Buren, March 8, 1837; died 1865. William Smith of Alabama, appointed by Van Buren, March 8, 1837; declined. John McKinley of Alabama, appointed by Van Buren, April 22, 1837; died 1852. Peter V. Daniel of Virginia, appointed by Van Buren, March 3, 1841; died 1860. Samuel Nelson of New York, appointed by Tyler, Feb. 14, 1845; resigned 1872. Levi Wood bury of New Hampshire, appointed by Polk, Sept. 20, 1845; resigned 1872. Robert C. Grier of Pennsylvania, appointed by Polk, Aug. 4, 1846; resigned 1870. Benjamin R. Curtis of Massachusetts, appointed by Fillmore, Dec. 20, 1851; resigned 1857. John A. Campbell of Alabama, appointed by Pierce, March 22, 1853; resigned 1861. Nathan Clifford of Maine, appointed by Buchanan, Jan. 28, 1858. Noah II. Swayne of Ohio, appointed by Lincoln, Jan. 4, 1862. Samuel F. Miller of Iowa, appointed by Lincoln, July 16, 1862. David Davis of Illinois, appointed by Lincoln, Dec. 8, 1862; resigned March 4,, 1877. Stephen J. Field of California, appointed by Lincoln, March 10, 1863. Edwin M. Stanton of Ohio, appointed by Grant in 1869; died 1869. William Strong of Pennsylvania, appointed by Grant, Feb. 18, 1870. Joseph P. Bradley of New Jersey, appointed by Grant, March 21, 1870. Ebenezer R. Hoar of Massachusetts, appointed by Grant; rejected. Ward Hunt of New York, appointed by Grant, Dec. 11, 1872. John M. Harlan of Kentucky, appointed by Hayes, Nov. 2J, 11,77. 243 244 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. CLERKS OF THE SUPREME COURT. John Tucker of Massachusetts, appointed Feb. 3, 1790; resigned. Samuel Bayard of Delaware, appointed Aug. 1, 1791; resigned. Elias B. Caldwell of New Jersey, appointed Aug. 15, 1800; died. William Griffith of New Jersey, appointed Feb. 9, 1826; died. "William T. Carroll of the District of Columbia, ap pointed Jan. 20, 1827; died. Daniel W. Middleton of the District of Columbia, ap pointed Dec. 7, 18G3. REPORTERS OF THE SUPREME COURT. Alexander J. Dallas of Pennsylvania reported from 1789 to 1800 inclusive ; 4 volumes. "William Cranch of Massachusetts reported from 1801 to 1815 inclusive; 9 volumes. Henry Wheaton of New York reported from 1816 to 1827 inclusive; 12 volumes. Richard Peters of Pennsylvania reported from 1828 to 1842 inclusive; 16 volumes. Benjamin C. Howard of Maryland reported from 1843 to 1861 inclusive; 24 volumes. Jeremiah S. Black of Pennsylvania reported from 1862 to 1864 inclusive ; 2 volumes. John "W. Wallace of Pennsylvania reported from 1864 to 1875; 23 volumes. William J. Otto of Indiana reported from the 1875 term. MARSHALS ATTENDANT ON THE SUPREME COURT. David Lenox, U. S. Marshal of the District of Pennsyl vania, attended from Jan. 28, 1790, to Feb. 4, 1801. David Carroll Brent, U. S. Marshal of the District of Columbia, attended from Aug. 3, 1801, to Aug. 6, 1808. Washington Boyd, U. S. Marshal of the District of Columbia, attended from Feb. 1, 1808, to Aug. 1, 1818. Tench Ringold, U. S. Marshal of the District of Colum bia, attended from Nov. 30, 1818, to Aug. 3, 1831. Henry Ashton, U. S. Marshal of the District of Colum bia, attended from Feb. 4, 1831, to Feb. 2, 1834. Alexander Hunter, U. S. Marshal of the District of Columbia, attended from March 6, 1834, to Dec. 4, 1848. Robert Wallace, U. S. Marshal of the District of Co lumbia, attended from Dec. 5, 1848, to Dec. 3, 1849. Richard Wallach, U. S. Marshal of the District of Columbia, attended from Dec. 4, 1849, to May 6, 1853. Jonah D. Hoover, U. S. Marshal of the District of Columbia, attended from May 31, 1853, to April 1, 1858. William Selden, U. S. Marshal of the District of Co lumbia, attended from April 1, 1858, to March 8, 1861. Ward H. Lamon, U. S. Marshal of the District of Co lumbia, attended from March 8, 1861, to June 6, 1865. D. C. Gooding, U. S. Marshal of the District of Colum bia, attended from June 6, 1865, to April 3, 1867. Richard C. Parsons, Marshal of the Supreme Court, attended from April 3, 1867, to Dec. 16, 1872. John G. Nicolay, Marshal of the Supreme Court, at tended from Dec. 16, 1872. UNITED-STATES CIRCUIT JUDGES. Benjamin Bourne of Rhode Island First. John Lowell of Massachusetts , George F. Shepley of Maine Jeremiah Smith of New Hampshire Egbert Benson of New York Second. Samuel^Hitchcock of Vermont , Alexander S. Johnson of New York Oliver Wolcott of Connecticut Lewis B. Woodruff of Connecticut Richard Bassett of Delaware Third. William Griffith Jared Ingersoll of Pennsylvania William Tighlman of Maryland Philip Barton Key of Maryland Fourth. Charlea Lee of Virginia . . " George K. Taylor Fourth. Hugh L. Bond of Maryland " Thomas Bee of South Carolina Fifth. Joseph Clay, jiin Theodore Gaillard of Louisiana Dominick A. Hall of North Carolina Edward Harris Henry Potter of Virginia John Sitgreaves of North Carolina William B. Woods of Alabama William McClurg Sixth. Halmer H. Emmons of Michigan " Thomas Drummond of Illinois Seventh. John F. Dillon of Iowa Eighth. Lorenzo Sawyer of California Ninth. UNITED-STATES DISTRICT JUDGES. Richard Busteed Alabama. John Gayle William G. Jones George W. Lane Charles Tait Henry C. Caldwell Arkansas. Benjamin Johnson Thomas J. Lacey Daniel Ringo William Story John Thompson Archibald Yell Fletcher M. Haight California. Ogden Hoffman J. M. Jones Matt. H. McAllister Isaac S. K. Ogler William Bristol Connecticut. Pierrepont Edwards Andrew T. Judson Richard Law Nathaniel Shipman Gunning Bedford Delaware. Edward G. Bradford John Fisher Willard Hall Richard C. Allen Florida Thomas J. Boynton H. M. Breckinridge H. M. Brockenbrough Isaac H. Bronson John A. Cameron Samuel W. Cormack Samuel J. Douglass Philip Frazer Dillen Jordon, jun William W. Lawrence James W. Locke McQueen Mclntosh William Marvin T. Randall Joseph L. Smith Joseph Clay, jun Georgia. Jeremiah Cayles " THE JUDICIARY. 245 UNITED-STATES DISTRICT JUDGES. Continued. William Davies Georgia. John Erskine " Thomas Gibbons " Robert B. Gilchrist " JohnC. Nicoll " "William Stephens " Henry W. Blodgett Illinois. Nathaniel Pope " Alexander Stewart " Jesse B. Thomas " Thomas Towles " Samuel H. Treat " Elisha M. Huntington Indiana. David McDonald " Caleb B. Smith " Walter Q. Gresham " Jesse L. Holman " John J. Dyer Iowa. James M. Love " Mark W. Delahay Kansas. Archibald Williams " Bland Ballard Kentucky. John Boyle " Harry Innes " Thomas B. Munroe " Robert Trimble " Henry Boyce Louisiana. John Dick " Edward H. Durell " Rufus Easton " Theodore Gaillard " Dominic A. Hall " Samuel H. Harper " Philip K. Lawrence " Edward Fox Maine. John Holmes " Albion K. Paris " David Serrell " Ashur Ware " Theodorick Bland Maryland. Hugh L. Bond " William E. Giles Elias Glenn " Upton S. Heath " James Houston " Thomas Johnson " William Paca " James Winchester " John Davis Massachusetts. John Lowell " Peleg Sprague " John W. Longyear Michigan. Ross Wilkins " Solomon L. Withey " Rensselaer Nelson Minnesota. George Adams Mississippi. Samuel J. Gholson " Robert Andrews Hill " Obadiah Jones " Walter Leake " George Poindexter " Peter Randolph William Bayard Shields " Josiah Simpson " Harry Toulman " Arnold Krekel Missouri. John B. C. Lucas " J. H. Peck " William Sprigg " Robert W. Wells " Daniel Clark New Hampshire. Matthew Harvey " John Pickering " John S. Sherburne John Sullivan " David Brearly New Jersey. Philemon Dickerson " Richard S. Field " Robert Morris " John T. Nixon " W. S. Pennington " William Rosscll " Charles L. Benedict New York. Samuel R. Betts Samuel Blatchford " Alfred Conkling " James Duane New York. Nathan K. Hall John S. Hobart John Lawrance Brockholdst Livingston Roger Skinner Mathias B. Tallmadge Daniel D. Tompkins Robert Troup William P. Van Ness Asa Biggs North Carolina. George W. Brooks " William R. Davis " Robert P. Dick " William H. Hill " Henry Potter " John Sitgreaves " John Stokes " Charles Whiting Byrd . . .Ohio. J. W. Campbell William Creighton, jun " Humphrey H. Leavitt " Charles T. Sherman " Philip B. Swing " Hiram V. Wilson " M. P. Deady Oregon. John Cadwalader Pennsylvania. Francis Hopkinson " Joseph Hopkinson " Thomas Irwin " John K. Kane " William Lewis " Wilson McCandless " William McKennan " Richard Peters " Archibald Randall " John H. Walker " William Wilkins " David L. Barnes Rhode Island. Benjamin Bourne " James R. Bullock " David Howell " John P. Knowles Henry Marchant " John Pitman " Thomas Bee South Carolina. George S. Bryan " John Drayton " William Drayton. " Robert B. Gilchrist Thomas Lee " A. G. McGrath Thomas Parker Thomas Pinckney " Jacob Read " Morgan W. Brown Tennessee. John M. Lea John McNairy " Connolly F. Trigg " Thomas H. Duval Texas. Amos Morrill John C. Watrous Nathaniel Chipman Vermont. Samuel Hitchcock Elijah Paine Samuel Prentiss David A. Smalley Philip Barbour Virginia. J. W. Brockenbrough Alexander Caldwell Peter V. Daniel Cyrus Griffin James D. Hallyburton George Hay John J. Jackson, jun John Y. Mason Edmund Pendleton Isaac S. Pennybacker Alexander Rives St. George Tucker John Tyler John C. Underwood John J. Jackson, jun West Virginia. Andrew J. Miller Wisconsin. A. J.Miller 246 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. UNITED-STATES TERRITORIAL JUDGES. William Crawford Alabama. Joseph P. Allyn Arizona. Henry T. Backus Harley H. Carter " Edmund Francis Duane " Porter D. Forest " John N. Goodwin " William F. Howell " Isham Reavis " Jolm Titus " William T. Turner " Charles A. Tweed " J. Woodson Bates Arkansas. Alexander M. Clayton " Edward Cross " Thomas P. Eskeridge " C. C. Jewett " Andrew Scott " Joseph Seldon " William Trimble " S. Heydenfelt California. H. A. Lyons " H. C. Murray " Charles Lee Armor Colorado. Allen A. Bradford " C. S. Eyster " William H. Gale William R. Gorshire " Benjamin F. Hall " Moses Hallet " Stephen S. Harding " Charles F. Holly " S. Newton Pettis " Ebenezer T. Wells " Alonson H. Barnes Dakota. Asa Bartlett " G. G. Bennett " Philemon Bliss John W. Boyle W. W. Brookings William E. Gleason J. P. Kidder Peter C. Shannon Joseph L. Williams Lorenzo P. Williston Alfred Balch Florida. Robert R. Reid " James Webb " John Cummins Idaho. Sidney Edgerton " M. E. Hollister Milton Kilby " John R. McBride " David Noggle " Samuel C. Parks " Allcock C. Smith " William C. Winston " Stanley Griswold Illinois. Obadiah Jones " William Sprigg " Alexander Stuart " Thomas Towles " William Clark Indiana. Thomas T. Davis " James Fisk " John Griffin " Benjamin Parke " James Scott " Walter Taylor " Henry Vanderburg " Charles Mason Iowa. Joseph Williams " T. S. Wilson " J. M. Burrell Kansas. Sterling G. Cato " R. Elmore., " Samuel D. Lecompte " John Petit , " John Coburn , , , Louisiana. John B. C. Lucas " Theodore H, McCaleb " Return J. Meigs, " T. B. Robertson , . , . " Otto Shrader " William Sprigg " Frederick Bates .,..,,,. .Michigan. Henry Chipman Michigan. John Coburu " James D. Doty " David Erwin " John Griffin " Samuel Huntington " Return J. Meigs, jun " George Morell " Solomon Sibley " William Sprigg " James Withefall " William Woodbridge " Aug. B. Woodward " A. G. Chatfield Minnesota. David Cooper " Charles E. Flandraw " Jerome Fuller " A. Goodrich " B. B. Meeker " R. R. Nelson " Moses Sherburne " William H. Welch " Peter Bryan Bruin Mississippi. Powhattan Ellis " Oliver Fitts " Obadiah Jones " David Ker " Ephraim Kirby " Walter Leake " Seth Lewis " William McGuire " Francis X. Martin " George Matthews, jun " George Poindexter " Thomas Rodney " Daniel Tilton " Harry Toulman " Silas Bent Missouri. George Bullet " John B. C. Lucas " Alexander Stuart " Henry N. Blake Montana. H. L. Hosmer " Hiram Knowles " Lyman E. Munson " John L. Murphy " Francis G. Service " D. L. Wade Samuel W. Black Nebraska. James Bradley " Elmer S. Dundy " Ferguson Fenner " Augustus Hall " E. R. Hardin " William P. Kellogg " William F. Loekwood " Joseph Miller " Samuel Milligin " Elcazer Wakely " Powhattan B. Locke Nevada. Gordon N. Mott " John W. North " George Turner " Grafton Baker New Mexico. K. Benedict " William G. Blackwood " William F. Boone " AVaren Bristol " J. J. Davenport " Sidney A. Hubbell D. B. Johnson Hezekiah S. Johnson Joseph G. Knapp Horace Moner Joseph G. Palin Henry Sherman H. L.Waldo John S. Watts Joseph Gilman North- West of Ohio River. Return J. Meigs Samuel H. Parsons Rufus Putnam John C. Symmes George Turner William P. Bryant Orego O. B. McFadden THE JUDICIARY. 247 UNITED-STATES TERRITORIAL JUDGES. Continued. Thomas Nelson Oregon. Cyrus Olney George H. Williams James Brown Orleans. John Coburn Moreau De Lisle George Duffield Dominick A. Hall Joshua Lewis Francis X. Martin George Matthews, jun. John B. Prevost William Sprigg John Thompson Buckner Thurston. . . . Joseph Anderson South of Ohio River. William Peery " Jacob S. Boreman Utah. L. G. Brandeburg P. E. Brochus Joseph Bufflngton F. A. Chenowith John Cradlebaugh Henry R. Crosbie Thomas J. Drake William W. Drummond Delano R. Eckles G. Edmunds Philip H. Emerson Robert P. Henniker Cyrus M. Hawley J. F. Kinney S. P. McCurdy James B. McKean E. D. Potter Lazarus H. Read Utah. Leonidas Shaver Charles E. Sinclair Zerubbabel Snow George P. Stiles O. F. Strickland John Titus Charles B. Waite C. B. Darwin Washington. Edward C. Fitzhugh Roger S. Greene M. Hoogland Orange Jacobs James K. Kennedy Edward Lander Joseph R. Lewis V. Monroe E. P. Oliphant William Strong James E. Wyche Orasmus Cole Wisconsin. Luther C. Dixon Charles Duncan Charles Dunn William C. Frazier James C. Hopkins David Irwin Bryan Paine Joseph M. Carey Wy ming. Joseph W. Fisher John H. Howe William T. Jones John W. Kingman E. A. Thomas JUDGES IN THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. David K. Cartter, Chief Justice from Ohio. William Cranch, Chief Justice. . Thomas H. Crawford. Allen B. Duckett James Dunlop George P. Fisher Nicholas Fitzhugh. . . . David C. Humphreys. Massachusetts. Pennsylvania. Maryland. Dist. of Col. Delaware. Virginia. Alabama. Thomas Johnson from Maryland. William Kilty, Chief Justice. . . . James Marshall... Arthur McArthur. James S. Morsell. . Abraham B. Olin. . Buckner Thurston. Andrew Wylie Dist. of Col. Virginia. Wisconsin. Maryland. New York. Kentucky. Pennsylvania. UNITED-STATES COURT OF CLAIMS. Isaac Blackford of Indiana, 1855; died. Joseph Casey of Pennsylvania, 1801, C. J., 1863; resigned. J. C. Bancroft Davis of New York, 1877. Charles D. Drake of Missouri, C.J., 1870. John J. Gilchrist of New Hampshire, 1855; died. William H. Hunt, 1878. James Hughes of Indiana, I860; resigned. Edward G. Loring of Massachusetts, 1858; retired. Samuel Milligan of Tennessee, 18G8; died. Charles C. Nott of New York, 1865. Ebenezer Peck of Illinois, 1803; retired. William A. Richardson of Massachusetts, 1874. G. P. Scarborough of Virginia, 1855; died. David Wilmot of Pennsylvania, 1803; died. STATISTICAL SKETCHES OF MEMBERS OF CONGRESS. STATISTICAL SKETCHES. Abbott, Amos, was born at Andover, Massa chusetts, September 10, 1786; reared on his father s farm ; educated at the district school and at Bradford Academy; engaged in mercantile pursuits; filled a number of town-offices ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1835, 1S3G, and 1842, and of the State Senate in 1840 and 1843; was one of the founders of the Boston and Maine Railroad, and for several years one of its directors ; was elected a repre sentative in the Twenty-eighth Congress, as a Whig, on the second trial; was re-elected to the Twenty- ninth Congress, and was re-elected to the Thirtieth Congress, serving from February 15, 1844, until March 3, 1849; died at Andover, Massachusetts, November 2, 1808. Abbot, Joel, was born at Fairfield, Connecticut, in 1790 ; received an academic education ; removed to Washington, Georgia; held several local offices; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Fif teenth Congress, as a Democrat, on a general ticket, and was successively re-elected to the Sixteenth, Seventeenth, and Eighteenth Congresses, receiving on his last election 11,231 votes as a supporter of Mr. Crawford for the presidency, and serving from December 1, 1817, to March 3, 1825; died at Wash ington, Georgia, November 19, 1826. Abbott, Joseph. C., was born at Concord, New Hampshire, July 15, 1825 ; received an academic edu cation; read law, and was admitted to the bar in March, 1852 ; was editor and proprietor of " The Man chester American" for five years, and subsequently editor of " The Boston Atlas ; " was appointed adju tant-general of the State of New Hampshire in July, 1855, and held the office until July, 1861, when he re signed; received orders from the War Department in September, 1861, to raise a regiment of infantry, which regiment having been raised, he entered the service as lieutenant-colonel, and in November, 1863, was promoted colonel ; in January, 1865, was brevetted brigadier-general for "gallant services in the capture of Fort Fisher; " after leaving the service, removed to North Carolina, and entered into business; in Sep tember, 1867, was elected to the State Constitutional Convention ; in April, 1868, was elected to the State legislature ; in July, 1868, was elected United-States senator from North Carolina, as a Republican, serving from July 17, 1868, to March 3, 1871 ; resumed busi ness at Wilmington. Abbott, Josiah G., was born at Chelmsford, Massachusetts, November 1, 1815; received a classical education, graduating from Harvard University in 1832; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1835, and commenced practice at Boston ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1836, and of the State Senate in 1841 and 1842; was a judge of the Superior Court of Massachusetts in 1855 ; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Forty- fourth Congress, as a Democrat, receiving 6,429 votes against 5,717 votes for Rufus S. Frost, Republican (owing to informalities in the returns, Mr. Frost obtained the certificate of election ; but the House decided that Mr. Abbott was entitled to the seat, and he was sworn in July 28, 1876, serving to March 3, 1877) ; declined a re-nomination to Congress ; was a delegate to the National Democratic Convention at St. Louis in 1S76, which nominated Tilden and Hen- dricks ; was a member of the Electoral Commission. Abbott, Nehemiah, was born at Sidney, Maine, March 29, 1806; received an academic education; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Belfast, Maine ; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1842, 1843; edited "The Belfast People s Advocate" in 1844, 1845; was elected a representative from Maine in the Thirty-fifth Con gress, as a Republican, receiving 10,562 votes against 8,252 votes for Ingalls, Coalition ; resumed practice at Belfast, and died there July 26, 1877. Abercrombie, James, was born in Hancock County, Georgia; received an academic education; removed to Montgomery County, Alabama, in 1819; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1820 and 1822, and of the State Senate 1825, 1826, 1827, 1828, 1829, 1830, 1831, 1832, and 1833; removed to Russell County, and was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1838 and 1839, and of the State Senate in 1847, 1848, 1849, and 1850 ; was elected a representative from Alabama to the Thirty-second Congress, as a Union Whig, receiving 7,598 votes against 6,211 votes for John Cochran, Southern Democrat; and was re-elected to the Thirty-third Congress, as a Union Whig, receiving 7,474 votes against 5,838 votes for Daniel Clopton, Southern Democrat, serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1855 ; was engaged in supplying brick for the Pen- sacola Navy Yard ; and died in 1860. Acker, Ephraim L., was born in Marlborough Township, Pennsylvania, January, 11, 1827; received a classical education, graduating at Marshall College September 8, 1847 ; taught school two years, and grad uated in medicine at the University of Pennsylvania in March, 1852; was editor and publisher of "The Norristown Register;" was superintendent of com mon schools for Montgomery County from June, 1854, to June, 1860 ; was appointed postmaster under Presi dent Buchanan at Norristown in March, I860, and removed by President Lincoln, after serving about eleven months; was inspector of Montgomery-county prison three years ; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Forty-second Congress, as a Democrat, receiving 12,049 votes against 11,072 votes for J. H. Oliver, Republican, serving from March 4, 1871, until March 3, 1873. Acklen, J. Hayes, was born at Nashville, Ten nessee, May 20, 1850; was educated partly by private tutor at Belle Monte, the country-seat of his parents, near Nashville, then at Burlington College, and finally 251 252 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. graduated successively at two foreign universities; returning to the United States, graduated in the Law Department of Cumberland University at Lebanon, Tennessee ; practised law for two years at Nashville, and then for two years at Memphis, Tennessee ; relin quished practice to superintend his sugar-plantations on the Bayou Teche in Louisiana; and was elected a representative from Louisiana in the Forty-fifth Con gress, as a conservative Democrat, receiving 15,204 votes against 14,879 votes for Chester B. Darrall, who contested the seat. Adair, John, was born in Chester County, South Carolina, August 16, 1759; received a public-school education; served in the army of the Revolution; removed to Kentucky in 1787 ; was major of volun teers in the expeditions against the Indians under General Wilkinson in 1791, 1792, and lieutenant-colo nel under General Charles Scott in 1793; was a member of the Kentucky Constitutional Convention of 1799 ; was elected several years a member of the Kentucky legislature, serving one year as speaker of the House; was register of the United-States land- office in Kentucky ; was elected a senator from Ken tucky in the Ninth Congress, as a Democrat (in the place of John Breckinridge, resigned), serving from December 9, 1805, until April 21, 1806, when he re signed; was a volunteer aide-de-camp to General Shelby at the battle of the Thames in 1813; was com mander of the Kentucky Rifle Brigade, which served under General Jackson in 1814, 1815, and distin guished himself at the battle of New Orleans; was governor of Kentucky 1820-1824 ; was elected a rep resentative from Kentucky in the Twenty-second Congress, as a Democrat, serving from December 5, 1831, to March 3, 1833; and died at Harrodsburg, Kentucky, May 19, 1840. Adams, Andrew, was born at Stratford, Con necticut, January, 1736; received a classical educa tion, graduating at Yale College in 1760; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice at Stamford, but removed in 1764 to Litchfield ; was a member of the State legislature in 1776-1781 ; was a delegate from Connecticut to the Continental Congress in 1777-1780, and in 1781, 1782 ; was a mem ber of the executive council of Connecticut in 1781 ; was appointed a justice of the Supreme Court of Connecticut in 1789, and chief justice in 1793 ; died at Litchfield, Connecticut, November 26, 1797. Adams, Benjamin, was born at Worcester, Massachusetts, in 1765; received a classical educa tion, graduating at Brown University in 1788 ; stud ied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Uxbridge ; was a member of the State House of Rep resentatives in 1809-1814, and of the State Senate in 1814, 1815, and in 1822-1825; was elected a repre sentative from Massachusetts in the Fourteenth Con gress, as a Federalist (to fill the vacancy occasioned by the death of Elijah Brigham) ; was re-elected to the Fifteenth Congress ; was re-elected to the Sixteenth Congress, serving from December 2, 1816, until March 3, 1821; was defeated as the Federal candidate for the Seventeenth Congress by Jonathan Russell ; was defeated as the Federal candidate for the Eighteenth Congress by James Sibley, Democrat; died at Ux bridge, Massachusetts, March 28, 1837. Adams, Charles Francis (grandson of John Adams, and son of John Quincy Adams), was born at Boston, August 18, 1807 ; received a classical educa tion in Europe ; studied law under Daniel Webster, and was admitted to the bar in 1828, but never prac tised ; was a member of the State House of Repre sentatives in 1831-1834, and of the State Senate in 1835-1837; edited "The Boston Whig" in 1845-1848; was nominated by the Free-soil party in 1848 for Vice-President ; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Thirty-sixth Congress, as a Re publican (from the district formerly represented by his father), receiving 6,524 votes against 3,880 votes for Austin, Democrat, and 1,462 votes for Cobb, American; and was re-elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress, as a Republican, receiving 10,530 votes against 7,449 votes for L. Saltonstall, Democrat, but only served from December 5, 1859, until March 3, 1861 ; was appointed minister to Great Britain March 20, 1861, and served until May 13, 1868; was chosen an overseer of Harvard College in 1869; was defeated in 1876 as the Democratic candidate for governor of Massachusetts. He contributed numerous articles to "The North- American Review" and other periodi cals, and edited the published works of John Adams, Mrs. John Adams, and John Quincy Adams. Adams, Charles H., was born in Coxsackie, New York, in 1824 ; received an academic education ; studied and practised law; removed to Cohoes in 1850, and engaged in manufacturing pursuits; retired from active business in 1870; was chosen in 1859 president of the Board of Water Commissioners of Cohoes, having previously served as a trustee of the village ; arid was elected in 1870 the first mayor of the then city of Cohoes, serving two years; was a member of the State Assembly in 1858, and of the State Senate in 1872-1873; was a delegate to the National Republican Convention in 1872; was ap pointed United-States commissioner from New York to the Vienna Exposition in 1873; was elected a rep resentative from New York in the Forty-fourth Con gress, as a Republican, receiving 12,626 votes against 9,903 votes for T. J. Quinn, Democrat, and 6,108 votes for Eli Perry, Independent Democrat. Adams, George ]YL, was born in Knox County, Kentucky, December 20, 1837 ; was educated at Centre College, Danville, Kentucky; studied law; was clerk of the Circuit Court of Knox County from 1859 to 1861; he raised .a company in August, 1861, and en tered the Union army as captain in the Seventh Ken tucky Volunteers; in August, 1861, he was appointed paymaster of volunteers, and served in that capacity until the close of the war; was elected a representa tive from Kentucky in the Fortieth Congress, as a Democrat, receiving 7,690 votes against 7,175 votes for M. D. Rice, Radical ; was re-elected to the Forty- first Congress, receiving 10,323 votes against 9,861 votes for Barnes, Republican; was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress, receiving 12,226 votes against 12,208 votes for J. H. Finley, Republican, serving from March 4, 1867, to March 3, 1875 ; was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress, as a Democrat, receiving 9,684 votes against 8,199 votes for Wood, Republi can; was elected clerk of the House of Representa tives in the Forty-fourth Congress, as a Democrat, defeating Edward McPherson, Republican; and or ganized the House as clerk at the commencement of the first session of the Forty-fifth Congress. Adams, Green, was born at Barboursville, Ken tucky, August 20, 1812 ; received a public-school edu cation; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised; was deputy-sheriff of Knox County in 1832, 1833; was a member of the State legislature of Kentucky in 1839; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Thirtieth Congress, as a Whig, serving from December 6, 1847, to March 3, 1849 ; was a presidential elector in 1844 and 1856; was judge of the Circuit Court of Kentucky 1851-1856; was again elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, as a Na tional American, receiving 8,164 votes against 7,241 votes for Garrard, Democrat, serving from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 1861; was sixth auditor of the treasury from April 17, 1861, to October 26, 1864; was appointed chief clerk of the House of Repre sentatives in the Forty-fourth Congress. Adams, John (father of John Quincy Adams, and grandfather of Charles Francis Adams), was born at Braintree, now Quincy, Massachusetts, Octo ber 30, 1735 ; received a classical education, and grad uated at Harvard College in 1755; gave lessons in Latin and Greek at Worcester; studied law; was ad mitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Quincy; removed to Boston in 1768; was a member of the General Court in 1770, and of the Provincial Council in 1773, 1774; was a delegate to the Continental Con- STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 253 gress from Massachusetts 1774-1777; was appointed commissioner to France, November 28, 1777, but deemed it best, after his arrival at Paris, to resign and return; was a member of the Massachusetts Constitutional Convention of 1779; was appointed, in September, 1779, minister plenipotentiary to ne gotiate a treaty of peace with Great Britain; nego tiated a treaty of commerce with the Netherlands in 1782, accompanied by a loan, and performed other diplomatic services; recalled in 1788, he was again appointed a delegate to Congress, but did not serve, as he was elected Vice-President of the United States, as a Federalist, defeating John Jay and others; and was re-elected in 1793, defeating George Clinton; in 1797 he was elected the second President of the United States, as a Federalist, receiving 71 electoral votes against 08 votes for Thomas Jefferson, Demo crat; was a candidate for re-election, but only re ceived 65 of the 128 electoral votes cast, and Thomas Jefferson, who received 73, was subsequently elected by the House of Representatives; he retired to Quincy, where he died July 4, 1826. His autobiog raphy and other works have been edited and pub lished by his grandson, Charles Francis Adams. Adams, John, was born at Durham, Greene County, New York, August 26, 1808; received an academic education; studied law, and practised at Catskill, New York ; was surrogate of Greene County 1810-1811; was a member of the State House of Eepresentatives 1812-1813 ; was a Democratic candi date from the State of New York for the Fourteenth Congress, and was returned as elected, but did not take his seat, and a committee of the House decided that his competitor, Erastus Root, had been legally elected, 576 of his votes having been thrown out by the erroneous copying of a deputy county clerk ; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-third Congress, as a Jackson Democrat, serv ing from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1835; and died at Catskill, New York, September 28, 1854. Adams, John Quincy (son of John Adams, and father of Charles Francis Adams), was born at Braintree, Massachusetts, July 11, 1767; received a classical education abroad and at home, graduating at Harvard College in 1787 ; studied law at Newbury- port with Theopiiilus Parsons ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Boston; was minis ter to the Netherlands from May 30, 1794, until June 20, 1797, and to Prussia from July, 1797, until April 28, 1801 ; resumed practice at Boston ; was elected to the State Senate of Massachusetts in 1802 on the Federal ticket; was the Federal candidate for repre sentative in Congress in 1802, and was defeated by William Eustis, Democrat; was elected to the United- States Senate, as a Federalist, defeating Thomas J. Skinner, the Democratic candidate, serving from Oc tober 17, 1803, until he was defeated for re-election, and resigned June 8, 1808; was professor of rheto ric at Harvard College 1806-1809; was minister to Russia 1809-1814; was appointed judge of the Su preme Court in 1811, but declined; was on the com mission which negotiated the Treaty of Ghent in 1815; was minister to Russia 1815-1817; was secre tary of state under President Monroe 1817-1825; was inaugurated sixth President of the United States, March 4, 1825; was an unsuccessful candi date for governor in 1834; was elected United-States senator by the House in 1835, but the Senate refused to concur ; was elected a representative from Massa chusetts in the Twenty-second Congress, as a Whig, and was successively re-elected eight times, receiving at his last election 5,765 votes against 2,617 for Wright, Democrat, and 980 scattering, and serving from December 5, 1831, until he was stricken by death in the Capitol, February 23, 1848. Adams, Parmenio, was born at Hartford, Con necticut; received a public-school education; removed to Genesee County, New York; served in the war against Great Britain as paymaster of Dobbins s New- York Volunteers ; was elected a representative from New York in the Eighteenth Congress," as an Adams man, receiving 2,077 votes against 2,871 votes for Isaac Wilson, Democrat, who obtained the seat through incorrect returns, but the House gave it to Adams; he was re-elected to the Nineteenth Con gress, serving from January 7, 1824, until March 3, 1827. Adams, Robert H., was born in Rockbridge County, Virginia, in 1792; received a classical educa tion, graduating at Washington College, Lexington; studied law; was admitted to the bar; commenced practice at Knoxville, Tennessee, and removed to Natchez, Mississippi, in 1819; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1828; was elected to the United-States Senate to fill the vacancy occa sioned by the death of Thomas B. Reed, serving from February 8, 1830, until May 31, 1830; and died at Natchez, Mississippi, July 2, 1830, from drinking too freely of ice-water when heated. Adams, Samuel, was born at Boston, Massa chusetts, September, 27, 1722; received a liberal edu cation; graduated at Harvard College in 1740, and studied theology ; was appointed tax-collector of Bos ton ; was a member of the General Court of Massa chusetts 1765-1774; was a delegate from Massachu setts to the Continental Congress from September 5, 1774, to 1781; was a member of the Massachusetts Constitutional Convention in 1779; was a member of the State Senate, and its president in 1781 ; was a member of the State Convention which adopted the Federal Constitution in 1788; 1789-1794 was elected lieutenant-governor of Massachusetts as a Democrat, and governor in 1794-1797 ; was defeated as the Dem ocratic candidate for representative from Boston in the First Congress by Fisher Ames, Federalist; and died at Boston, October 2, 1803. Adams, Stephen, was born in Franklin Coun ty, Tennessee; received a public-school education; was a member of the State Senate of Tennessee; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and removed to Mississippi, where he commenced practice; was a member of the State House of Representatives ; was elected a representative from Mississippi in the Twenty-ninth Congress, as a Democrat, serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1847; was elected judge of the Circuit Court in 1848; was chosen a United-States senator from Mississippi, as a State- rights Democrat (in place of Jefferson Davis, re signed), serving from March 17, 1852, until March 3, 1857; removed to Memphis, Tennessee, to resume practice ; and died there, of small-pox, May 11, 1857. Adams, Thomas, was born in Virginia, and was a delegate from that State to the Continental Congress, serving from 1778 to 1780. Addams, William, was born in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, September 4, 1776 ; settled in Berks County, Pennsylvania, where he served as auditor in 1813, 1814, and as county commissioner 1814-1817 ; was a member of the State House of Rep resentatives 1822-1824; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Nineteenth Congress, and was re-elected to the Twentieth Congress, serving from December 5, 1825, to March 3, 1829 ; was asso ciate judge of Berks County 1839-1842; and died May 19, 1858. Adgate, Asa, was a native of the State of New York ; was a member of the State House of Repre sentatives in 1798, 1799 ; was elected a representative from New York in the Fourteenth Congress (in the place of Benjamin Pond, who had died before taking liis scat), serving from December 4, 1815, until March % 1817 ; was again a member of the State House of Representatives in 1823; and died at Clinton, New York. Adrain, Garnett B., was born at New- York City, December 20, 1816; received a classical educa tion, graduating at Rutgers College in 1833 ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar in 1837, and commenced practice at New Brunswick, New Jersey; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Thirty-fifth 254 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Congress, as a Democrat, receiving 10,781 votes against 9,708 votes for Bishop, Fusion candidate; was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress as an anti-Lecomptoii Democrat, supported by the oppo sition, receiving 9,713 votes against 9,255 votes for Paterson, Democrat; resumed the practice of law. Alll, John A., was born at Strasburg, Pennsyl vania, August 9, 1815; received a thorough English education ; studied medicine with his father ; gradu ated at the Washington Medical College of Baltimore, and practised until 1850, when he became a manu facturer; was elected a representative from Pennsyl vania in the Thirty-fifth Congress, as a Democrat, receiving 11,191 votes against 9,670 votes for Todd, Union. Aiken, D. W^yatt, was born at Winnsborough, South Carolina, March 17, 1828; received a classical education at Mount Zion Institute, Winnsborough, and graduated from the South-Carolina College in 1849 ; taught school two years ; settled upon a farm in 1852, and has since devoted himself to agriculture; entered the Confederate service as a private in 1861 ; was appointed adjutant of the Seventh South-Caro lina Volunteers, and was elected colonel when the regiment was re-organized at the expiration of its term of service, serving until forced to retire by rea son of wounds received at the battle of Antietam; was elected to the State legislature in 1864 and 1866 : was master of the State Grange of Patrons of Hus bandry for two years, and a member of the Execu tive Committee of the National Grange for six years ; was a delegate to the National Democratic Conven tion at St. Louis in 1876 ; and was elected a repre sentative from South Carolina in the Forty-fifth Con gress, as a Democrat, receiving 21,479 votes against 15,55:3 votes for L. Cass Carpenter, Republican. Aiken, TATilliam, was born at Charleston, South Carolina, in 1806; received a classical education, graduating at the South-Carolina College in 1825; cultivated a large rice-plantation; was a member of the State legislature in 1838, 1840, and 1842; was governor of South Carolina 1844-1846; was elected a representative from South Carolina to the Thirty- second Congress, as a Southern-rights Democrat, without opposition ; was re-elected to the Thirty-third Congress without opposition, and to the Forty-fourth Congress without opposition, receiving the votes of the Democrats and the National Americans in the last ballotings, which resulted in the election of N. P. Banks as speaker of the Thirty-fourth Congress, and serving from December 1, 1851, until March 3, 1857; was again elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, re ceiving 753 votes against 699 votes for Stephen Elliot, 422 votes for William Whaley, and 76 votes for L. M. Ayer; presented his credentials February 12, 1867, but was not admitted to a seat. Ainsworth, Lucien Lester, was born at New Woodstock, New York, June 21, 1831; was educated at public schools and at Oneida Conference Seminary, Cazenovia, New York; studied law; was admitted to the bar in Madison County, New York, in 1854; removed to Iowa in 1855, and commenced practice at West Union ; was a member of the State Senate of Iowa 1860-1862; entered the Union army in the fall of 1862 as captain in the Sixth Iowa Cav alry, and served for three years against the Indians at the North- West ; at the expiration of his term of service returned to West Union, and resumed prac tice; was a member of the State House of Repre sentatives of Iowa in 1872 and 1873 ; was elected a representative from Iowa in the Forty-fourth Con gress as an Anti-Monopolist, receiving 11,066 votes against 11,003 votes for C. T. Granger, Republican. Akers, Thomas Peter, was elected a repre sentative from Missouri in the Thirty-fourth Con gress, as a National American (to fill the vacancy occasioned by the death of J. G. Miller), serving from August 18, 1856, to March 3, 1857. Albert, William Julian, was born at Balti more, Maryland, August 4, 1816; was educated at Mount Saint Mary s College, Maryland; was a mer chant, but retired from business in 1856 ; was presi dent of the Electoral College of Maryland in 1864, which voted for Abraham Lincoln for re-election as President; was one of the founders of the First National Bank of Maryland, and a director in it, besides being director in insurance-companies, sav ings-banks, and manufacturing-companies ; was elected a representative from Maryland to the Forty- third Congress, as a Republican, receiving 11,405 votes against 10,300 votes for Merrick, Democrat, serving from December, 1873, to March 3, 1875. Albertson, Nathaniel, was born in Virginia; removed to Indiana, and located at Greenville ; was elected a representative from Indiana to the Thirty- first Congress, as a Democrat, receiving 8,271 votes against 7,598 votes for Embree, Whig, and serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1851. Albright, Charles, was born in Berks County, Pennsylvania, December 13, 1830; was educated at Dickinson College ; studied law at Ebensburg, Penn sylvania, and was admitted to the bar in 1852; in 1854 went to Kansas, and participated in the early struggles of the Territory for freedom; in 1856 re turned to Pennsylvania, and resumed the practice of law at Mauch Chunk, where he has since resided ; in 1860 he Avas a delegate to the Republican National Convention; entered the army in 1862 as major of the One Hundred and Thirty-second Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteers ; after the battle of Antie tam, was made lieutenant-colonel; on February 22, 1863, was commissioned colonel, commanding the third brigade, third division, Second Army Corps, until after the battle of Chancellorsville ; in Septem ber, 1864, was commissioned colonel of the Two Hun dred and Second Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteers ; in March, 1865, was promoted to brevet brigadier- general of volunteers; after the surrender of Rich mond, was sent to pacify the tumults in the mining regions; in August, 18(55, he was mustered out of service, and resumed business at Mauch Chunk; in 1872 was a delegate to the Republican National Con vention at Philadelphia; was elected to the Forty- third Congress as one of the three congressmen at large from Pennsylvania, as a Republican, receiving 360,574 votes against 314,036 votes for Richard Vaux, Democrat, and serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1875. Albright, Charles J., was born in Pennsyl vania; removed to Ohio; was elected a representa tive from Ohio in the Thirty-fourth Congress, as a Republican, receiving 8,332 votes against 0,017 votes for Wire, Democrat, and serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1857. Alcorn, James Lusk, was born November, 1816, near Golcorida, Illinois ; was reared in Living ston County, Kentucky, and educated at Cumber land College in that State; was appointed deputy- sheriff of Livingston County, and held the office for five years; in 1843 was elected as a Whig to the legis lature of Kentucky; removed in 1844 to Coahoma County, Mississippi, and entered upon the practice of law; between 1846 and 1865 he served sixteen years in the legislature of that State, sometimes in the House, sometimes in the Senate; in 1852 he was chosen elector at large on the Scott ticket; nomi nated by the Whigs in 1857 for governor, he de clined; running in that year as the Whig candidate for Congress in his district (one largely Democratic), he was beaten by L. Q. C. Lamar; having been the founder of the levee system in his State, in 1858 he was chosen president of the Levee Board of the Mississippi-Yazoo Delta; he was elected to the State Convention of 1851, and again to that of 1861, the latter body electing him a brigadier-general, but, when his brigade entered the Confederate service, Jefferson Davis refused, owing to some old political differences, to commission him as its commander; in 1865 he was elected to the Senate of the United States, but was not allowed to take his seat ; in 1869 STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 255 he was elected on the Republican ticket governor of Mississippi, and was inaugurated in March, 1870 ; elected to the Senate of the United States, he re signed the office of governor the 30th of November, 1871, and took his seat in the Senate on December 4, 1871 ; in 1873 he ran as Independent candidate for governor, and was defeated. Aldrich, Cyrus, was born at Smithfield; Rhode Island, June 7, 1808 ; received a public-school educa tion; made several coasting-voyages as a sailor; re moved to Illinois, and became an extensive mail- contractor; was a member of the State House of Rep resentatives in 1845, 1846 ; was register of deeds in Jo Daviess County in 1847 ; was appointed by Presi dent Taylor receiver of the land-office at Dixon in 1849; was the Whig candidate in Northern Illi nois for the Thirty-second Congress, and was de feated by John Wentworth, Democrat ; removed in 1854 to Minneapolis, Minnesota; was a member of the State Constitutional Convention of Minnesota in 1857; was defeated in a contest for the Republican nomination for the Thirty-fifth Congress ; was elected a representative from Minnesota in the Thirty-sixth Congress, as a Republican; and was re-elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress, serving from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 1861 ; was an unsuccessful candi date for the United-States Senate in 1863; was a member of the legislature of Minnesota in 1864 ; was appointed postmaster at Minneapolis by President Johnson in March, 1867; and died at Minneapolis, Minnesota, of dropsy, October 5, 1871. Aldrich, William, was born at Greenfield, Saratoga County, New York, in January, 1820; re ceived a common-school education, with one term of private instruction in higher mathematics and surveying, and one term at an academy; was reared on a farm, and taught school until twenty-six years of age, when he engaged in mercantile pursuits; re moved to Wisconsin in 1851, and manufactured lum ber, wooden-ware, and furniture, in connection with merchandising; was for three years superintendent of schools, one year chairman of the County Board of Supervisors, and represented a part of Manitowoc County in the legislature of Wisconsin in 1859 ; re moved to Chicago, Illinois, in 1861, and established himself as a wholesale grocer; was elected alderman from the Third Ward of Chicago in 1876 ; and was elected a representative from Illinois in the Forty- fifth Congress, as a Republican, receiving 16,578 votes against 14,101 votes for John R. Hoxie, Democrat. Alexander, Adam R., was born in Washing ton County, Virginia; received an academic educa tion; studied law; was admitted to the bar ; removed to Madison County, Tennessee ; was elected a repre sentative from Tennessee to the Eighteenth Con gress; was re-elected to the Nineteenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1823, to March 3, 1827 ; and died at Jackson, Tennessee. Alexander, Evan, was born in North Caro lina; received a classical education, graduating at Princeton College in 1787; was a member of the State legislature for two years ; was elected a repre sentative from North Carolina in the Ninth Congress (to fill a vacancy caused by the resignation of Na thaniel Alexander, who had been elected govern or) against Robert Locke ; and was re-elected to the Tenth Congress, serving from February, 1806, to March 3, 1809; died suddenly October 28, 1809. Alexander, Henry P., was born in New York in 1802 ; received a public-school education ; engaged in mercantile pursuits at Little Falls, Herkimer County; was the Whig candidate for the Thirtieth Congress, and was defeated, receiving 6,047 votes against 6,685 votes for Buell, Democrat ; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-first Congress, receiving 6,109 votes against 5,564 for Nellis, Free-soil Democrat, and 1,264 votes for Samous, Dem ocrat, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 1, 1851 ; and died at Little Falls, New York, February 22, 1867. Alexander, James, jun., was born in Mary land ; received a public-school education ; removed to St. Clairsville, Belmont County, Ohio ; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Twenty-fifth Con gress, as a Whig, defeating Kennon, Van Buren Dem ocrat, and serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1839; and died at St. Clairsville, August 6, 1846. Alexander, John, was born at Spartaiiburg, South Carolina, where the family was called Elchi- nor; received a public-school education; removed to Ohio, where he became known in politics as "the Buffalo of the West;" was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirteenth, and was re-elected to the Fourteenth Congress, as a Democrat, serving from May 24, 1813, to March 3, 1817. Alexander, Mark, was born in Mechleuburg County, Virginia ; received a liberal education ; held several local offices; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Sixteenth Congress, as a Dem ocrat; and was successively re-elected to the Seven teenth, Eighteenth, Nineteenth, Twentieth, Twenty- first, and Twenty-second Congress, without opposi tion, serving from December 6, 1819, to March 3, 1833. Alexander, Nathaniel, was born in Mechleii- burg County, North Carolina, March 5, 1756; re ceived a classical education, graduating at Princeton College in 1776; studied medicine and surgery, and entered the Revolutionary army as surgeon; after the establishment of independence, he practised his profession at the High Hills of Santee ; was for sev eral years a member of the legislature ; was elected a representative from North Carolina in the Eighth Congress, serving from October 17, 1803, to March 3, 1805 ; was governor of North Carolina 1805-1807 ; and died at Salisbury, North Carolina, March 8, 1808. Alexander, Robert, was a native of Baltimore ; was chosen a member of the People s Committee, November 12, 1774; was chosen a member of the Provincial Convention of Maryland in 1775; was elected a deputy from Maryland to the Continental Congress, December 9, 1775 ; and re-elected July 4, 1776 ; but, soon after the promulgation of the Decla ration of Independence, he, with other Baltimore loyalists, left for England. Alford, Julius C., was born in Georgia; re ceived an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at La Grange, Georgia ; was elected a representative from Georgia in the T\yenty-fourth Congress, as a State- rights Whig, to fill a vacancy occasioned by the resignation of George W. B. Towns, serving from January 31, 1837, to March 3, 1837; was defeated as the State-rights Whig candidate for the Twenty-fifth Congress, receiving 28,805 votes against 29,600 votes for George W. B. Towns, Union Democrat; was again elected to the Twenty-sixth Congress, receiving 32,333 votes against 31,190 votes for Josiah S. Patter son, Union Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty- seventh Congress, as a Harrison Whig, receiving 39,- 275 votes as a Harrison Whig against 35,362 votes for Robert W. Pooler, Democrat, and serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1843. Allan, Chilton, was born in Albemarle County, Virginia, April 6, 1786 ; received a public-school edu cation; learned the wheelwright s trade; removed to Kentucky, where he read law after his work, and was in time admitted to the bar; was elected to the State legislature in 1811, and several successive years; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Twenty-second Congress, as a Clay Democrat; re- elected to the Twenty-third Congress without oppo sition; and re-elected to the Twenty-fourth Congress, receiving 2,883 votes against 2,570 votes for Richard Hawes, Whig, serving from December 5, 1831, to March 3, 1837; was elected president of the State Board of Internal Improvement in 1838; was again elected to the State House of Representatives in 1842; and died at Winchester, Kentucky, September 3, 1858. 256 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Allen, Andrew, was born at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, in 1740 ; received a classical education ; studied law with his father, Chief Justice William Allen; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Philadelphia; was appointed attorney-general in 1766 ; was a member of the Philadelphia Committee of Safety; is said by several biographers to have served in the Continental Congress in 1775-1776, but no mention of such service is to be found in the printed journal of that body; renewed his allegiance to Great Britain in 1776, and went to London ; was attainted, and his landed estate was forfeited under the Confiscation Act ; died at London, March 7, 1825. Allen, Augustus F., was born in 1810; was elected a representative from New York in the Forty- fourth Congress, as a Republican, but died at James town, New York, January 22, 1875, before he took his seat. Allen, Charles, was born at Worcester, Massa chusetts, August 9, 1797 ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar in 1818; commenced practice at New Braintree, but soon after removed to Worcester, and became a partner of John Davis ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1829, 1833, 1834, 1838, and 1840, and State senator in 1835, 1838, 1839; was a member of the North-eastern Boundary Commis sion in 1842; was judge of the Court of Common Pleas in 1842-1844; was nominated judge of the State Supreme Court in 1847, but declined; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Thirty-first Congress, as a Free-Soilef, on the second trial, de feating Charles Hudson, Whig, and J. Davis, Demo crat; was re-elected to the Thirty-second Congress on the second trial, defeating J. M. Barton, Whig, and J. S. C. Knowlton, Democrat, serving from De cember 3, 1849, until March 1, 1853; was a member of the State Constitutional Convention of 1853 ; was chief justice of the Suffolk Superior Court 1858-1860; was chief justice of the Superior Court 1860-1867; was a delegate to the Peace Congress of 1861 ; and died of paralysis at Worcester, Massachusetts, Au gust 6, 1869. Allen, Elisha H., was born at New Salem, Massachusetts, January 28, 1804; received a liberal education ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Bangor; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1836-1841, serv ing in 1838 as speaker ; was elected a representative from Maine in the Twenty-seventh Congress, as a Whig, receiving 500 majority, and serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1843; was a Whig candidate for re-election, but was defeated by Hannibal Hamlin, Democrat; was again elected to the State House of Representatives in 1846 ; removed to Boston in 1847, and practised law ; was a member of the Massachu setts House of Representatives in 1842 ; was appointed consul at Honolulu ; and has since been prominently connected with the government of the Hawaiian Islands, as chief justice, chancellor, and regent, and as envoy to the United States in 1856, 1864, 1870, and 1875. Allen, Heman, was born at Milton, Vermont, in 1776; received an academic education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Mil ton; was elected a representative from Vermont in the Twenty-second Congress, as a Whig; was re- elected to the Twenty-third Congress by 711 major ity; and was re-elected to the Twenty-fourth Congress on the second trial, receiving 2,382 votes against 1,725 votes for Van Ness, Democrat, and 1,389 votes for the anti-Masonic candidate, serving from June 23, 1832, to March 3, 1839; was a Whig candidate for re-election, but was defeated on the second trial by John Smith, Democrat; removed to Burlington, Ver mont, where he died December 11, 1844. Allen, Heman, was born at Poultney, Vermont, February 23, 1779; received a classical education, graduating at Dartmouth College in 1795; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice at Colchester; was sheriff of Chittenden County in 1808-1809, and chief justice of the county court 1811-1814; was a member of the State House of Rep resentatives 1812-1817; was a trustee of the University of Vermont ; was elected a representative from Ver mont in the Fifteenth Congress, but resigned when appointed by President Monroe United-States marshal for the district of Vermont, serving from December 1, 1817, until August 1, 1818; was appointed minister plenipotentiary to Chili January 27, 1823, and served until July 31, 1827; was president of the Burlington branch of the United-States Bank from 1830 until the expiration of its charter ; removed to Highgate, Vermont, and died there, of heart-disease, April 7, 1852. Allen, James C., was born in Shelby County, Kentucky, January 28, 1823 ; received a public-school education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in Indiana in 1843, and commenced practice; was prosecuting attorney for the Seventh Judicial Dis trict of Indiana 1846-1848; removed to Illinois; was a member of the State House of Representa tives 1850-1851; was elected a representative from Illinois in the Thirty-third Congress, as a Democrat, receiving 8,223 votes against 7,035 votes for Constable, Whig, serving from December 5, 1853, until March 3, 1855 ; was the Democratic candidate for the Thirty- fourth Congress against Archer, Whig, and claimed to have received 8,452 votes against 8,451 for Archer, but the House declared the seat vacant ; was subse quently elected, and took his seat December 1, 1856, serving until March 3, 1857 ; was chosen clerk of the House of Representatives for the Thirty-fifth Con gress, receiving 128 votes against 85 votes for B. Gratz Brown, and 6 scattering; and was again elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress as representative at large, receiving 136,060 votes against 119,761 votes for Ingersoll, Republican. Allen, John, was born at Great Barrington, Massachusetts; in 1763, received a classical educa tion; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and com menced practice at Litchfield, Connecticut; was a member of the Council of Connecticut for several years ; was elected a representative from Connecticut in the Fifth Congress, as a Federalist, serving from May 15, 1797, to March 3, 1799; and died at Litchfield, Connecticut, July 31, 1812. Allen, John J., was born in Virginia; received a classical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Harrison County; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Twenty-third Congress, serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1855 ; was chief justice of the Su preme Court of Virginia. Allen, John W. (son of John Allen), was born at Litchfield, Connecticut, in 1802 ; received a liberal education; removed to Cleveland, Ohio, in 1825; was a member of the State Senate 1835-1837; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirty-fifth Congress, as a Whig, and re-elected to the Thirty- sixth Congress, serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1841. Allen, Joseph, was born at Boston, September 2, 1749 ; received a classical education, graduating at Harvard College in 1774 ; engaged in mercantile pur suits at Leicester, Massachusetts ; was an active Whig; removed to Worcester in 1776, having been chosen clerk of the court, which office he held until 1810 ; was a member of the State Constitutional Con vention 1778; was a presidential elector in 1797; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Eleventh Congress (in the place of Jabez Upham, resigned), serving from December 11, 1810, until March 3, 1811; was a State councillor 1815, 1816; and died at Worcester, September 2, 1827. Allen, Judson, was born in Connecticut; re ceived a public-school education; removed to Har- persville, Brown County, New York ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1837 ; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-sixth Congress, as a Democrat, receiving STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 257 5,072 votes against 4,284 votes for Erastus Root, Whig. Allen, Nathaniel, was born in Dutchcss County, New York ; was a member of the State Assembly in 1812 ; was elected a representative from New York in the Sixteenth Congress, serving from December 6, 1819, until March 3, 1821. Allen, Philip, was born at Providence, Rhode Island, September 1, 1785; graduated at Brown Uni versity in 1803 ; became actively engaged in mercan tile business, particularly the West-India trade, and, when foreign commerce was prostrated by the war of 1812, turned his attention to the manufacture of cot ton goods; was appointed president of the Rhode- Island branch of the United-States Bank and pension agent in 1827; was elected as a Tariff Democrat governor of Rhode Island in 1851, and re-elected in 1852 and in 1853; at the May session of the State legislature in 1853, after he had been declared gov ernor, he was elected United-States senator from the 4th of March preceding ; served in the United-States Senate from December 7, 1853, until March 3, 1859; and died at Providence, of a bilious attack, Decem ber 10, 1865. Allen, Robert, was born in Augusta County, Virginia, in 1777; received a public-school education; engaged in mercantile pursuits, and removed to Car thage, Tennessee, where he entered into business; was for many years clerk of the county court ; com manded a regiment of Tennessee volunteers, under General Jackson, in the war of 1812 ; was elected a representative from Tennessee in the Sixteenth Con gress, as a Democrat, and successively re-elected to the Seventeenth, Eighteenth, and Nineteenth Con gresses, serving from December 0, 1819, to March 3, 1827, and declining a re-election. lie died at Carthage, Tennessee, August 19, 1864. Allen, Robert, was born at Woodstock, Vir ginia, July 30, 1794; received a classical education, graduating at Washington College; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Woodstock; was prosecuting attorney ; was for five years a mem ber of the State Senate ; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Twentieth Congress, as a Dem ocrat, and was successively re-elected to the Twenty- first and the Twenty-second Congresses, receiving at the last election 1,050 votes against 072 votes for James M. Mason, and serving from December 7, 1829, until March 3, 1833; died at Mount Jackson, Virginia. Allen, Samuel Clesson, was born at Bernards- town, Massachusetts, January 5, 1772; received a classical education, graduating at Dartmouth College in 1794; studied theology, and was pastor of a Con gregational church in Northfield 1795-1798; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Green field and at Northfield ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1800-1810, and of the State Senate in 1812-1815 ; was elected a representa tive from Massachusetts in the Fifteenth Congress, and was successively elected to the Sixteenth, Seven teenth, Eighteenth, Nineteenth, and Twentieth Con gresses, serving from December 0, 1819, to March 3, 1829; was a member of the Executive Council in 1829-1830 ; was again elected to the State Senate in 1831; and died at Northfield, Massachusetts, Feb ruary 8, 1842. Allen, "William, was born at Edenton, North Carolina, in 1800; received a liberal education; re moved to Ohio, where he studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice ; was elected a rep resentative from Ohio in the Twenty-third Congress, as a Jackson Democrat, sen-ing from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1835; was elected to the United- States Senate (in the place of Thomas Ewing, Whig), and was re-elected, serving from March 4, 1837, to March 3, 1849; was elected governor of Ohio by a plurality of 723 votes over Noyes, Republican, serv ing from 1874-1876; was the Democratic candidate for re-election, but was defeated by Rutherford B. Hayes, Republican. Allen, William, was born in Butler County, Ohio, August 13, 1827; received an academic educa tion; taught school; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1849, and commenced practice at Green ville, Ohio; was elected prosecuting attorney in 1850, and re-elected in 1858; was elected a representative from Ohio to the Thirty-sixth Congress, as a Demo crat, receiving 9,558 votes against 9,371 votes for < M. II. Nichols, Republican; and was re-elected to* the Thirty-seventh Congress, receiving 11,756 votes against 10,908 votes for Hart, Republican, and serv ing from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 1803. Allen, William J., was born in Tennessee in 1828, and was taken the next year by his father to Illinois; received a public-school education ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar in 1848, and commenced practice; was a member of the State legislature in 1854; was appointed United-States district attorney in 1855, and resigned when elected judge of the Circuit Court; was elected a representative from Illinois in the Tliirty-seventh Congress (to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of General J. A. Logan) ; and was re-elected to the Thirty-eighth Con gress, as a Democrat, receiving 9,497 votes against 4,290 votes for Bartley, Republican, serving from June 2, 1862, to March 3, 1865. Allen, Willis, was born in Tennessee; was elected a representative from Illinois in the Thirty- second Congress as a Democrat, receiving 5,863 votes against 4,816 votes for Davis, Whig; and was re- elected to the Thirty-third Congress, as a Democrat, receiving 12,100 votes, without any organized oppo sition. Alley, John B., was born at Lynn, Massachu setts, January 7, 1817; received a thorough public- school education; was apprenticed to shoemaking; engaged in the shoe and leather business; was for several years a member of the Lynn-city councils; was a State councillor in 1851 ; was a member of the State Senate in 1852; was a member of the Constitu tional Convention in 1853 ; was elected a representa tive from Massachusetts in the Thirty-sixth Congress, as a Republican, receiving 5,587 votes against 2,116 votes for G. B. Loring, Democrat, and 3,017 votes for Lord, American ; was re-elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress, receiving 9,014 votes against 2,471 votes for Otis P. Lord, Democrat, 2,300 votes for J. Knight, American, 722 votes for G. B. Loring, Democrat, and 253 scattering votes; was re-elected to the Thirty- eighth Congress, receiving 8,505 votes against 0,152 votes for B. Poole, Democrat ; was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiving 13,085 votes against 4,158 for C. O. Morse, Democrat, and serving from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 1867 ; resumed J^usi- ness, and was prominently connected with the Union Pacific Railroad. Allison, James, was born in Cecil County, Maryland, October 4, 1772; received a liberal educa tion; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and com menced practice in Beaver County, Pennsylvania; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania to the Eighteenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1823, to March 3, 1825; was re-elected to the Nine teenth Congress, but declined serving on account of ill health; resumed practice; and died in June, 1854. Allison, John (son of James Allison), was born in Pennsylvania, August 5, 1812; received a classical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, but never practised! ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1846-1847 and 1849; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-second Congress, as a Whig, receiving 5,596 votes against 5,439 votes for Power, Democrat, and serving from December 1, 1823, to March 3, 1825; was the Whig candidate for the Thirty-third Congress, but was defeated, receiving 5,340 votes against 5,369 votes for Trout, Democrat; Was again elected to the Forty-fourth Congress, as a Whig, receiving 7,808 votes against 5,172 votes for Trout, Democrat, and serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1857; 258 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. declined a renomination ; was appointed register of the treasury April 3, 1869. Allison, Robert, was born at Huntingdon, Pennsylvania; received a public-school education; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-second Congress, serving from December 5, 1831, to March 3, 1833. Allison, William B., was born at Perry, Ohio, March 2, 1829 ; was educated at the Western-Reserve College, Ohio ; studied law, and practised in Ohio un til he removed to Iowa in 1857 ; served on the staff of the governor of Iowa, and aided in organizing volunteers in the beginning of the war for the sup pression of the rebellion; was elected a representa tive from Iowa in the Thirty-eight Congress, as a Republican, receiving 12,112 votes against 8,452 votes for Mahony, Democrat ; was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiving 16,130 votes against 10,578 votes for 13. B. Richards, Democrat; was re- elected to the Fortieth Congress, receiving 15,472 votes against 10,470 votes for Noble, Democrat ; was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress, receiving 20,119 votes against 14,120 votes for Mills, Democrat, and 149 votes for Thomas, Independent; serving in the House of Representatives from December 7, 1863, to March 3, 1871 ; was elected to the United-States Sen ate, as a Republican (to succeed James Harlan, Re publican), and took his seat March 4, 1873. His term of service will expire March 3, 1879. Alsop, John, was born at Middletown, Connecti cut; removed to New York, where he engaged suc cessfully in mercantile pursuits; was an earnest Whig; was elected a delegate from New York to the Continental Congress, and re-elected, serving from September 14, 1774, to October 26, 1774, and from May 10, 1775, to the latter part of that year, when he went to Middletown, Connecticut, and remained there until the British troops evacuated the city of New York. He died at his country seat at Newtown, Long Island, November 22, 1794. Alston, Lemuel J., was born in South Caro lina; was elected a representative from South Caro lina in the Tenth Congress, and was re-elected to -the Eleventh Congress, serving from October 26, 1807, to March 3, 1811. Alston, William J., was born in Georgia, but removed to Alabama early in life, and settled in Marengo County ; was elected a member of the State House of Representatives in 1837, and of the State Senate in 1839; was elected a representative from Alabama in the Thirty-first Congress, as a Whig, re ceiving 4,922 votes against 4,091 votes for Calvin C. Sellers, Democrat, serving from December 3, 1849, until March 3, 1851; and was again elected to the State House of Representatives in 1855. Alston, Willis, was born in Halifax County, North Carolina; received an academic education; was a member of the House of Commons of North Carolina in 1791, 179* 1820, and 1821, and of the State Senate in 1794, 1795, and 1796; was elected a representative from North Carolina in the Eighth, Ninth, Tenth, Eleventh, Twelfth, and Thirteenth Congresses, as a War Democrat, serving from October 17, 1803, until March 3, 1819; and again elected to the Nineteenth Congress, defeating George C. Out law; was re-elected to the Twentieth and Twenty- first Congresses, without opposition, serving from December 5, 1825, until March 3, 1831 ; and died at Halifax, North Carolina, April 10, 1837. Alvord, James C., was born in Massachusetts in 1808; received a liberal education, graduating at Dartmouth College in 1827; studied law; was ad mitted to the bar, and commenced practice; was a member of each branch of the State legislature for one year; was elected a representative from Massa chusetts in the Thirty-sixth Congress, as a Whig, re ceiving 4,440 votes against 2,054 votes for Thomas Nims, and 088 scattering; died before taking his seat, September 27, 1839. Ambler, Jacob A., was born at Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, February 18, 1829; studied and prac tised law in Ohio; was elected in 1857 to the State legislature of Ohio, and served two terms; was ap pointed in 1859 judge of the Ninth Judicial District, and served until 1867, when he resumed practice; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Forty-first Congress, as a Republican, receiving 14,998 votes against 11,602 votes for Lawson, Demo crat ; and was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress as a Republican, receiving 11,685 votes against 9,514 votes for John Ball, Democrat. Ames, Adelbert, was born at Rockland, Maine, October 31, 1835 ; received an academic education; entered the United-States Military Academy at West Point, and graduated May 6, 1861; was commis sioned second lieutenant of artillery ; was brevetted major for gallant and meritorious services at the battle of Bull Run, where he was wounded; was brevetted lieutenant-colonel for services at the bat tle of Malvern Hill; was appointed colonel of the Twentieth Maine Volunteers ; was brevetted colonel for services at the battle of Gettysburg ; was brevet ted major-general of volunteers for services at Fort Fisher; was brevetted major-general in the United- States army, at the close of the war, for gallant and meritorious services in the field during the Rebellion ; was appointed provisional governor of Mississippi June 15, 1868; was appointed to the command of the fourth military district (department of Missis sippi) March 17, 1869; was elected to the United- States Senate on the reconstruction of that State, taking his seat April 1, 1870, and serving until he re signed in January, 1874, having been elected gov ernor of Mississippi; resigned as governor in the fall of 1875, and removed to Minnesota. Ames, Fisher, was born at Dedham, Massa chusetts, April 9, 1758; received a classical educa tion, entering Harvard College when twelve years of age, and graduating in 1774; studied law while teach ing school ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in 1781; was a member of the convention which ratified the Federal Constitution ; was a mem ber of the State legislature ; was elected a represen tative from Massachusetts to the First Congress, as a Federalist, over Samuel Adams ; and was successively re-elected to the Second, Third, and Fourth Con gresses, serving from March 4, 1789, to March 3, 1797; resumed practice, but gradually relinquished it, and devoted himself to agricultural pursuits ; was chosen president qf Harvard College in 1804, but declined ; and died at Dedham, Massachusetts, July 4, 1808. His writings were collected and published in 1809, with a memoir, by Dr. Kirklarid ; and an en larged edition was published in 1854, edited by his son, Judge Seth Ames. Ames, Oakes, was born at Easton, Massachu setts, January 10, 1804 ; received a public-school education; learned the trade of shovel-making, and established himself as a manufacturer at North Eas ton ; was a member of the Executive Council ; was elected a representative from Massachusetts to the Thirty-eighth Congress, as a Republican, receiving 9,271 votes against 5,884 votes for Swan, people s can didate; was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiving 13,591 votes against 5,266 votes for Maguire, Democrat; was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, receiving 9,581 votes against 2,456 votes for Ide, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress, receiving 14,498 votes against 5,698 votes for Avery, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress, receiving 9,367 votes against 6,100 votes for Avery, Democrat ; serving from December 7, 1863, until March 3, 1873; was largely concerned in trans continental railroad enterprises ; and died at North Easton, of apoplexy, May 8, 1873. Ancona, Sydenham E., was born at War wick, Pennsylvania, November 20, 1824; received a thorough English education; removed to Berks County, Pennsylvania, where he was for several years connected with the Reading Railroad Com- STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 259 pany; was elected a representative from Pennsyl vania in the Thirty-seventh Congress, as a Democrat, receiving 9,993 votes against 7,111 votes for Smith, Republican ; was re-elected to the Thirty-eight Con gress, receiving 10,022 votes against 4,898 votes for Wanner, Republican; was re-elected to the Thirty- ninth Congress, receiving 12,070 votes against 5,971 votes for William M. Heister, Republican, and serv ing from July 4, ISOi, to March 3, 18(57; was nomi nated as navy agent at Philadelphia in March, 1867, but the Senate did not confirm the nomination. Anderson, Alexander, was born in Tennessee ; received a classical education ; studied law, and prac tised atKnoxville; was elected a United-States sena tor from Tennessee, as a Democrat (in place of Hugh L. White, resigned), serving from February 20, 1840, to March 3, 1841. Anderson, George W., was born in Jefferson County, East Tennessee, May 22, 1832; graduated at Franklin College, Tennessee; studied and practised law ; went to Missouri in 1853 ; was a member of the State legislature of Missouri in 1859 and 1800, and of the State Senate in 1802 ; was a presidential elec tor in 1800; served as colonel of a regiment of the reserve corps from 18G2 to 18G4, and commanded the Forty-ninth Regiment and First Battalion E. M. M. in active service; was elected a representative from Missouri in the Thirty-ninth Congress, as a Repub lican; and was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, as a Republican, receiving 4,870 votes against 4,098 votes for W. F. Switzher, "Conservative. Anderson, Hugh J., was born at Belfast, Mas sachusetts (afterwards Maine), in 1801; received an academic education; engaged in mercantile pur suits; was clerk of the Waldo-county courts 1827- 1837; studied law; was elected a representative from Maine in the Twenty-fifth Congress, as a Democrat, receiving 30,572 votes against 24,319 votes for Morse, Whig, on a general ticket; was re-elected to the Twenty-sixth Congress, receiving 5,727 votes against 3,519 votes for William G. Crosby, Whig, and 101 scattering, and serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1841; was governor of Maine 1844-1847; was a presidential elector on the Cass and Butler ticket in 1849; was commissioner of customs in the Treasury Department March 23, 1853-February 3, 1858; was sixth auditor of the Treasury Department September 20, 1800-May 3, 18G9. Anderson, Isaac, was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Eighth Congress, and was re-elected to the Ninth Congress, serving from Octo ber 17, 1803, to March 3, 1807. Anderson, John, was born at Cumberland, Maine, in 1792; received a classical education, grad uating at Bowdoin College in 1813; studied law with Stephen Longfellow ; was admitted to the bar in ISlo, and commenced practice; was a member of the State Senate in 1824 ; was elected a representative from Maine in the Nineteenth Congress, and was re- elected to the Twentieth, Twenty-first, and Twenty- second Congresses, sen-ing from December 5, 1825, to March 3, 1833 ; was mayor of Portland in 1833 and 1842 ; was United-States attorney for the district of Maine, 1833-1837; was collector of customs at Port land, 1837-1841 and 1843-1848; and died August 21, 1853. Anderson, Joseph, was born near Philadel phia, Pennsylvania, November 5, 1757; received a liberal education; studied law; was commissioned ensign in the New- Jersey line in 1775 ; served through the war of the Revolution, and attained the rank of brevet-major; practised law in Delaware for seven years; was appointed in 1791 United-States judge of the territory south of the Ohio River ; was a mem ber of the first Constitutional Convention of Ten nessee ; was elected to the United-States Senate from Tennessee, and served from September 20, 1797, to March 3, 1815; was first comptroller of the treasury, March 4, 1815-July 1, 1830; and died at Washington April 17, 1837. Anderson, Joseph H., was born at White Plains, New York; received a public-school educa tion ; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-eighth Congress, as a Democrat, receiv ing 4,811 votes against 3,435 votes for Cruger, Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-ninth Congress, receiv ing 0,098 votes against 4,807 for Barretto, Whig, serv ing from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1847 ; died at White Plains, New York. Anderson, Josiah M., was born in Tennessee; was elected a representative from Tennessee in the Thirty-first Congress, as a Whig, receiving 7,250 votes against 5,693 votes for Lyon, Democrat, and serv ing from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1851 ; was a Whig candidate for re-election, but was defeated, receiving G,G58 votes against 6,674 votes for Church- well, Democrat; was a delegate from Tennessee to the Peace Congress of 1801. Anderson, J. Patton, was born in Tennessee ; removed to the Pacific coast, and settled at Olympia, Washington Territory; was elected a delegate from Washington Territory in the Thirty-fourth "Congress, as a Democrat, serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1857; was appointed governor of Washing ton Territory, but only held the position for two months; entered the Confederate army February 10, 1802, as brigadier-general ; commanded a brigade com posed of the First Florida, Seventeenth Alabama, and Fifth and Eighth Mississippi Regiments; was pro moted major-general February 17,. 1864, and assigned to the command of the district of Florida; and was subsequently in command of Hindman s division, Folk s corps, Army of the Tennessee. Anderson, Lucien, was born at Mayfield, Ken tucky, June, 1824 ; received a thorough English edu cation; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice; was a presidential elector on the Scott and Graham ticket in 1853; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Thirty-eighth Congress, as a Union man, receiving 4,323 votes against 711 votes for Trimble, Democrat. Anderson, Richard Clough, jun., was born at Louisville, Kentucky, August 4, 1788; received a classical education in Virginia, graduating at William and Mary College, and studying law under Judge Tucker; practised law at Louisville ; was a member of the State legislature for several years ; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Fifteenth Con gress by a large majority over Stephen Ormsby, and was re-elected to the Sixteenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1817, to March 3, 1821; declined a re election; was again a member of the State House of Representatives in 1822, and was elected speaker; was commissioned as the first minister to Colombia, January 27, 1823, and took leave June 7, having been commissioned envoy extraordinary to the Panama Congress of Nations; but died at Carthagena, on his way there, July 24, 1826. Anderson, Samuel, was born in Pennsylvania in 1774; served several years in the State legislature; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twentieth Congress, serving from December 3, 1827, to March 3, 1829 ; died at Chester, Pennsylvania, January 17, 1850. Anderson, Simeon H., was born in Garrard County, Kentucky, March 2, 1802; received a classi cal education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised with success; was a member of the State legislature for several years; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Twenty-sixth Congress, serving the first session, from December 2, 1839, until July 21, 1840, and dying before the expira tion of his term, at his home, near Lancaster, Ken tucky, August 11, 1840. Anderson, Thomas L., was born in Greene ounty, Kentucky, December 8, 1808 ; received a pub ic-school education; studied law; was admitted to :he bar, and, removing to Missouri, commenced prac- ;ice there in 1830; was a member of the State legis- .ature in 1840 ; was a presidential elector in 1844, 1848, 260 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. 1852, and 1856; was a member of the Constitutional Convention in 1845; was elected a representative from Missouri in the Thirty-fifth Congress, as a Na tional American, receiving 8,876 votes against 8,149 votes for Richmond, Democrat ; was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, as a Democrat, receiving 10,902 votes against 6,089 votes for Henderson, Re publican, and serving from December 7, 1857, to March 3, 1861. Anderson, "William, was born in Chester County, Pennsylvania, in 1759; joined the Revolu tionary army in 1776, and served until peace was de clared, especially distinguishing himself at German- town and at Yorktown ; removed in 1790 to Delaware County, Pennsylvania, where he occupied several public positions; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Eleventh Congress, as a Jeffer- sonian Democrat; was re-elected to the Twelfth Con gress, receiving 6,218 votes against 4,269 votes for Thomas B. Dich, and was re-elected to the Thir teenth Congress, serving from May 22, 1809, to March 3, 1815 ; was again elected to the Fifteenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1817, to March 3, 1819; was judge of the Delaware-county court, and collector of customs at Chester, Pennsylvania, where he died December 13, 1829. Anderson, William B., was born at Mount Vernon, Illinois, April 2, 1830; received a common- school education ; was elected surveyor of Jefferson County in 1851 ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar in 1858, but never practised, engaging in agricultural pursuits ; was elected a member of the State House of Representatives of Illinois in 1856, and again in 1858; entered the Union army in 1861 as private, was successively elected captain, lieiitenant-colonel, and colonel, and was brevetted brigadier-general ; was a presidential elector on the Seymour and Blair ticket in 1868 ; was elected a member of the Constitutional Convention of Illinois in 1869; was elected to the State Senate of Illinois November 5, 1871, to fill a vacancy; was elected a representative from Illinois in the Forty-fourth Congress, as an Independent Re former, receiving 8,293 votes against 7,556 votes for Samuel S. Marshall, Democrat, and 5,482 votes for Green B. Raum, Republican. Anderson, William C.. was born at Lancas ter, Kentucky, December 6, 1826; was educated at Danville College; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1851 and 1853 ; was the Ameri can candidate for the Thirty-fifth Congress, and was defeated by Talbott, Democrat ; was elected a repre sentative from Kentucky in the Thirty-sixth Con gress, as an American, receiving 7.204 votes against 7,201 votes for Chrisman, Democrat (who unsuccess fully contested the seat), and served from December 5, 1859, to March 4, 1861 ; died at Frankfort, Ken tucky, December 23, 1861. Andrews, Charles, was born at Paris, Maine, in 1814; received a liberal education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1837, and commenced practice at Turner, Maine; was clerk of the Oxford- county court ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1839-1843, serving as speaker in 1842 ; was elected a representative from Maine in the Thirty-second Congress, as a Democrat, receiving 0,718 votes against 6,652 for Isaac Reed, Whig, and 183 for Alfred Pierce, Free-Soiler, serving from De cember 1, 1851, until his death, at Paris Hill, Maine, April 30, 1852. Andrews, George B., was born in the State of New York ; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-first Congress, as a Whig, receiv ing 7,033 votes against 3,166 votes for Culver, Van Buren Democrat, and 2,186 votes for Cutting, Cass Democrat, and serving from December 1, 1849, to March 8, 1851 ; and died at Ticondcroga, New York. Andrews, John T., was born at North Reading, New York, in 1810; received a public-school educa tion ; was sheriff of Steuben County 1834-1837 ; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-fifth Congress, as a Democrat, and served from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1839. Andrews, Landaff W., was born in Fleming County, Kentucky, February 12, 1803; received a classical education, graduating at Transylvania Uni versity in 1824; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1826, and has since practised; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1834; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Twenty-sixth Congress, as a Whig, receiving 714 majority over Thompson Ward, Democrat ; and was re-elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress, receiving 4,411 votes against 2,930 for the Democrat candidate, serving from December 2, 1839, to March 1, 1843; was the Whig candidate for re-election to the Twenty- eighth Congress, and was defeated by Andrews, Democrat, who received 408 majority. Andrews, Samuel G., was born at Derby, Con necticut, October 16, 1799; received an academical ed ucation ; removed with his father to Rochester, New York, in 1816; was a merchant and manufacturer; was mayor of Rochester ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1831, 1832; was clerk of the Monroe-county court, and of the Court of Ap peals; was secretary of the State Senate for four years; was postmaster of Rochester; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-fifth Congress, as a Republican, receiving 7,786 votes against 4,337 votes for Paine, Democrat, and 3,156 votes for Clark, American, serving from December 7, 1857, to March 3, 1859 ; died at Rochester, New York, in 1863. Andrews, Sherlock J., was born at Walling- fprd, Connecticut, in 1801 ; received a classical educa tion, graduating at Union College; studied law; was admitted to the bar; removed to Cleveland, Ohio, and commenced practice there in 1825 ; was elected a rep resentative from Ohio in the Twenty-seventh Con gress, as a Whig, serving from May 31, 1841, until March 3, 1843. Angel, William G., was born at New Shorcham, Block Island, July 17, 1790; when two years old, his father removed to Litchfield, Otsego County, New York, where he worked on a farm, and received a common-school education ; commenced the study of medicine in 1807, but changed to the study of law in 1809; was admitted to the bar in October, 1817, and commenced practice at Burlington, New York ; was appointed surrogate of Otsego Coxinty in 1821 ; was elected a representative from New Y^ork in the Nine teenth Congress, as a John Quincy Adams Democrat, defeating Dr. Campbell ; was re-elected to the Twen tieth Congress, as a Jackson Democrat, defeating General Crafts; was again elected to the Twenty- first Congress, as a Jackson Democrat, defeating Hor ace Lathrop; resumed practice, and removed in 1833 to Hammondsport ; was a member of the Constitu tional Convention in 1846 ; was elected county judge of Allcghany County in 1847; resigned in 1852; and died at Angelica, New York, August 13, 1858. Anthony, Henry B., was born at Coventry, Rhode Island, April 1, 1815; received a classical edu cation, graduating at Brown University in 1833 ; as sumed the editorial charge of "The Providence Journal;" was elected governor of Rhode Island, as a Whig, in 1849; re-elected in 1850, and declined a re-election; was elected United-States senator from Rhode Island, as a Union Republican, to succeed Philip Allen, Democrat, and took his seat December 5, 1859; was successively re-elected in 1864, 1870, and 1876; was elected president of the Senate pro tcmpore March 23, 1869; and was re-elected March 10, 1871. Anthony, Joseph B., was born in Pennsylva nia; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-third Congress; and was re-elected to the Twenty-fourth Congress, serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1837; died at Williamsport, Penn sylvania, January 17, 1851. Appleton, John, was born at Beverly, Massa- STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 261 chusetts, February 11, 1815; received a classical edu cation, graduating at Bowdoin College in 1834 ; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice at Portland, Maine, in 1837; edited "The Port land Argus;" was register of the Cumberland- county Probate Court ; was chief clerk of the Navy Department, and subsequently of the Department of State; was minister to Bolivia from March 30, 1848, to May 4, 1849; resumed the practice of law at Port land in partnership with Nathan Clifford ; was elected a representative from Maine in the Thirty-second Congress, as a Democrat, receiving 5,943 votes against 5,903 votes for W. P. Fessenden, Whig and Free-Soil, serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1853; was commissioned secretary of legation at London in 1853, but declined; was secretary of legation at London from February 19, 1855, until November 10, 1855, serving in October, 1855, as charge d affaires ; returning, he declined the editorship of " The Wash ington Union;" was assistant secretary of state from April 4, 1857, to June 8, 18GO; was minister to Russia from June 8, 1800, to June 7, 1801 ; died at Portland, Maine, August 22, 1804. Appleton, Nathan, was born at New Ipswich, New Hampshire, October 0, 1779; received an aca demic education, entering Dartmouth College, but leaving to become a clerk in his brother William Appleton s store in Boston; was one of the founders of the pioneer cotton-mill at Walt-ham, and one of the three founders of Lowell in 1821 ; was a member of the State legislature for several years; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Twenty- second Congress, as a High-tariff Whig, defeating Henry Lee, and serving from December 5, 1831, to March 3, 1833; was again elected to the Thirty- seventh Congress (in place of Robert C. Winthrop, resigned), receiving 2,753 votes against 1,233 votes for Washburn, Democrat, and serving from June 9, 1842, until he resigned, October 4, 1842; was the author of pamphlets on the tarilT, the currency, the power-loom, and the origin of Lowell; died at Boston, July 14, 1801. His memoirs were written by Robert C. Winthrop. Appleton, William (brother of Nathan), was born, at Brookfield, Massachusetts, November 10, 1780; received an academic education; entered a country store at Temple, at the age of fifteen, as a clerk; removed in 1807 to Boston, where he was for upwards of half a century honorably and successfully engaged in mercantile and manufacturing pursuits ; was president of the Boston branch of the United- States Bank 1832-1830; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Thirty-second Congress, as a Whig, receiving 5,839 votes against 1,855 votes for John T. Heard, Democrat, and 1,107 for B. B. Mus- sey, Free-Soil ; and was re-elected to the Thirty-third Congress, as a Whig, receiving 4,072 votes against 1,550 votes for Anson Burlingame, Free-Soil, serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1855; was again elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress, as a Whig, receiving 8,014 votes against 7,750 votes for Anson Burlingame, American Republican, and serving dur ing the extra session from July 4, 1801, to August 0, 1801, after which he resigned; died at Longwood, near Boston, February 15, 1802. Archer, John (father of Stevenson Archer, and grandfather of Stevenson Archer), was born in Harford County, Maryland, Juno 0, 1741 ; received a classical education, graduating at Princeton College in 1700; studied theology, but, on account of a throat affec tion, turned his attention to medicine, and received in 1708, from the Philadelphia Medical College, the first medical diploma issued on the American conti nent; was a Whig; raised a military company at the commencement of the Revolution; was for several years a member of the General Assembly of Mary land ; was a presidential elector in 1801 ; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Seventh Con gress, and was re-elected to the Eighth and the Ninth Congresses, serving from December 7, 1801, until March 3, 1807; died at his residence in Harford County, Maryland, in 1810. Archer, Stevenson, was born in Harford Coun,ty, Maryland; received a classical education, graduating at Princeton College in 1805 ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and practised; was judge of the Maryland Court of Appeals; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Twelfth Con gress, as a Democrat, and was re-elected to the Thir teenth and the Fourteenth Congresses, serving from November 4, 1811, to March 3, 1817; was appointed United-States judge for the Territory of Mississippi ; was again elected to the Sixteenth Congress, receiv ing 2,580 votes against 1,879 votes for Reed, and serv ing from December 0, 1819, to March 3, 1821 ; was appointed chief justice of the Court of Appeals of Maryland in 1845, and held the position until he died in 1848. Archer, Stevenson, was born in Harford County, Maryland, February 28, 1827; graduated at Princeton College ; studied and practised law ; was a member of the legislature of Maryland in 1854; was elected to the Fortieth Congress, as a Democrat, receiving 7,091 votes against 5,014 votes for I. L. Thomas, Republican; was re-elected to the Forty- first Congress, as a Democrat, defeating Ensor, Re publican; was re-elected to the Forty-second Con gress, as a Democrat, receiving 14,622 votes against 8,002 votes for W. M. Marine, Republican ; and was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress, as a Democrat, receiving 10,591 votes against 10,303 votes for A. M. Hancock, Republican. Archer, William B., claimed to have been elected a representative from Illinois in the Thirty- fourth Congress, as a Whig, receiving 8,451 votes against 8,452 votes for James C. Allen, Democrat; but the official canvas gave Allen the seat by one majority. The House decided that Mr. Allen was not entitled to the seat, and rejected a resolution declar ing Mr. Archer elected, yeas 89, nays 91. On a second trial, Mr. Allen was elected beyond doubt. Archer, William S., was born in Amelia County, Virginia, March 5, 1789; received a classical education, graduating at the College of William and Mary; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised; was elected to the State House of Dele gates in 1812, and was annually re-elected, with the exception of one year, until 1819 ; was elected a rep resentative from Virginia to the Sixteenth Congress (in place of James Plcasants, resigned) by 120 ma jority over James Robinson; and was re-elected, without opposition, to the Seventeenth, Eighteenth, Nineteenth, Twentieth, Twenty -first, Twenty -sec ond, and TAventy-tliird Congresses, serving from Jan uary 18, 1820, until March 3, 1835 ; was elected to the United-States Senate, as a Whig (in place of William II. Roane, Democrat), and served from May 31, 1841, until March 3, 1847. At the expiration of his congres sional career, he retired to his paternal estate, where he died, of neuralgia, March 28, 1855. Armstrong, David A., for many years a citi zen of St. Louis, Missouri, where he held several local offices, among them that of vice-president of the city board of police commissioners, was appointed United- States senator from Missouri, as a Democrat, to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Lewis V. Bogy, serving from October 15, 1877. Armstrong, James (son of John Armstrong, and brother of John Armstrong), was born at Car lisle, Pennsylvania; served in the war of the Revo lution; was elected a representative from Pennsyl vania in the Third Congress, serving from December 2, 1793, to March 3, 1795; died at Carlisle, Pennsyl vania. Armstrong John (father of James Armstrong and of John Armstrong), was born in the north of Ireland in 1725; immigrated to Pennsylvania, and settled at Carlisle; entered the service of the Pro prietary Government as land-surveyor; was colonel of militia rangers, and commanded the force which 262 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. destroyed the Indian town of Kittakinning in 1755 ; was commissioned brigadier-general in the Conti nental army in 1770, but resigned April 4, 1777, on account of a difficulty concerning rank; was a .dele gate from Pennsylvania to the Continental Congress, 1778-1780 and 1787-1788; and died at Carlisle, Penn sylvania, March 9, 1795. Armstrong, John (son of John Armstrong, and brother of James Armstrong), was born at Carlisle, Pennsylvania, November 25, 1755 ; received a liberal education, and entered Princeton College, but left to enter the Revolutionary army, where he served on the staff of Generals Mercer and Gates; was elected by the Continental Congress one of the three judges for the Western Territory, October 16, 1787, but declined January 16, 1788; removed to New York; was elected United-States senator from New York, as a Demo crat (in the place of John Lawrence, resigned); took his seat Januarys, 1801, and served until he resigned in 1802 ; was appointed to the United-States Senate (in place of De Witt Clinton, resigned), and served from December 7, 1803, to February 25, when he took his seat as the elected successor of Theodoras Bailey, resigned, and served until he resigned, June 80, 1804; was minister to France from June 30, 1804, to Sep tember 14, 1810; returning home, was appointed brigadier-general July 6, 1812 ; was secretary of war from January 19, 1813, to September 20, 1814; retired to his estate at Red Hook, New York, where he died April 1, 1843. lie published a brief history of the military operations against the British forces while he was secretary of war. Armstrong, Moses K., was born at Milan, Ohio, September 19, 1832; was educated at Huron Institute and Western-Reserve College, Ohio ; re moved to Minnesota Territory in 1850; was elected surveyor of Mower County, and in 1858 was assigned to the survey of the United-States lands ; on the ad mission of Minnesota as a State, lie removed to Yank- ton, then an Indian village ; on the organization of the Territory of Dakota, in 1861, he was elected to the first territorial legislature, and was re-elected in 1862 and 1863, serving the last year as speaker ; edited "The Dakota Union " in 1864; was appointed clerk of the Supreme Court in 1805; was elected to the Territorial Council in 1800, and was chosen president of that body in 1867 ; published the first history of Dakota in 1807, and acted as secretary of the Indian Peace Commission ; in 1866, 1867, 1808, and 1809, he established the great meridian and standard lines for United-States surveys in Southern Dakota and the Northern Red-river Valley, detecting the erroneous location of the international boundary-line near Pem- bina since 1823 ; was again elected to the Territorial Council in 1809; was elected to the Forty-second Congress, as a Democrat, receiving 1,221 votes against 1,102 votes for W. A. Burleigh, Republican, and 1,023, for S. L. Spink, Republican; was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress, receiving 2,003 votes against 1,594 votes for G. C. Moody, Republican, and 1,002 votes for W. W. Broqkings, Republican. Armstrong, William, was born at Lisburn, Antrim County, Ireland, December 23, 1782; immi grated to Virginia in 1792 ; obtained employment in a store at Winchester, where he studied law; was United-States tax-collector in 1818-1819; was a mem ber of the State House of Delegates 1822-1823 ; was a presidential elector in 1820 and 1824; held several local offices ; was elected a representative from Vir ginia in the Nineteenth Congress, as a Whig, defeat ing Edward Colston, Democrat, and was re-elected to the Twentieth, Twenty-first, and Twenty-second Con gresses, receiving at the last election 1,512 votes against 1,219 votes for Edward Lucas, Democrat, and serving from December 5, 1825, to March 3, 1833. After leav ing Congress, lie resided in the valley of the south branch of the Potoma_c. Armstrong, William H., was born at Wil- liamsport, Pennsylvania, September 7, 1824; gradu ated at Princeton College, New Jersey, in 1847; studied and practised law; served in the State legis lature in 1800 and 1861 ; in 1802 was tendered a com mission as president judge of the Twenty-sixth Judi cial Circuit of Pennsylvania, which he declined; and was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Forty-first Congress, as a Republican, receiving 10,760 votes against 14,732 votes for Mackey, who claimed to be a Republican, but was nominated and supported by the Democrats. Arnell, Samuel M., was born in Maury County, Tennessee, May 3, 1833; was educated at Amherst and East Hampton, Massachusetts; was a member of the Constitutional Convention of Tennessee in 1865 ; was a member of the State House of Represen tatives of Tennessee in 1855 and I860 ; was elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, and admitted at the second session; was elected to the Fortieth Congress, as a Republican, receiving 7,590 votes against 2,170 votes for Thomas, Conservative ; and was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress, as an Independent Republican, receiving 5,143 votes against 2,141 votes for Buck, Republican, serving from December 3, 1800, to March 3, 1871. Arnold, Benedict, was born at Amsterdam, New York; was a member of the State Assembly, 1810-1817; was a representative from New York in the Twenty-first Congress, serving from December 7, 1829, until March 3, 1831. Arnold, Isaac N., was born at Hardwicke, New York, November, 1815 ; taught school while acquiring his education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1835, and commenced practice at Chicago, Illinois; was chief city clerk of Chicago in 1837 ; was a mem ber of the State House of Representatives in 1843; was a presidential elector in 1844; was elected a rep resentative from Illinois in the Thirty-seventh Con gress, as a Republican, receiving 30,834 votes against 16,950 votes for Harrington, Democrat ; was re-elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, receiving 9,966 votes against 8,206 votes for Sherman, Democrat, and serv ing from July 4, 1801, to March 4, 1865; was appointed sixth auditor of the treasury, serving from April 29, 1805, to September 20, 1800. He published a "His tory of Abraham Lincoln" in 1805. Arnold, Jonathan, was born at Providence, Rhode Island, December 14, 1741 ; studied medicine, and commenced practice ; was a charter member of the Providence Grenadiers in 1774; was a member of the General Assembly of Rhode Island from Provi dence in 1776 ; served in the Revolutionary army as surgeon; was director of the army hospital at Provi dence ; was a delegate from Rhode Island in 1782 and 1783; removed to St. Johnsbury, Vermont, where he held several local offices; and died February 2, 1798. Arnold, Lemuel H., was born at St. Johns- bury, Vermont, January 2w, 1792, and was taken to Rhode Island at an early age; received a classical education, graduating at Dartmouth College in 1811 ; began the study of law, but relinquished it for mer cantile pursuits; was elected governor of Rhode Island in 1831, and re-elected in 1832 ; was a member of the Executive Council during the Dorr Rebellion in 1842; was elected a representative from Rhode Island in the Twenty-ninth Congress, serving from December 1, 1845, until March 3, 1847; and died at Kingston, Rhode Island, June 27, 1852. Arnold, Peleg, was born at Smithfield, Rhode Island, in 1752; received a liberal education; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice; was for several years a member of the State General Assembly ; was a delegate from Rhode Island to the Continental Congress from April 9, 1787, to November 1, 1787; was appointed chief justice of the Supreme Court of Rhode Island ; died at Smithfield February 13, 1820. Arnold, Samuel, was born at Iladdam, Connec ticut, June 1, loOO; received an academic education; was interested in agriculture, and carried on a large stone-quarry with success; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1839, 1842, 1844, STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 263 and 1851; was elected to the Thirty fifth Congress, as a Democrat, receiving 9,398 votes against 8,906 votes for Woodruff, Fusion candidate. Arnold, Samuel Greene, was born at Provi dence, Rhode Island, April 12, 1821; received a clas sical education, graduating at Brown University in 1841 ; studied law at the Cambridge Law School, and was admitted to the Khode-Island bar in 1845 ; trav elled extensively in Europe, the East, and South America; was elected lieutenant-governor of Khode Island in 1852, being the only successful candidate on the Whig ticket; was a delegate to the Peace Convention in 1801; was again elected lieutenant- governor in 1801 and 1862; served in the Union army as captain of light artillery, and as aide-de-camp to Governor Sprague; was elected United-States sena tor from Khode Island, as a Union man (in the place of J. F. Simmons, Whig, resigned), and served from December 1, 1862, to March 3, 1863. He pub lished a "History of Khode Island " in seven volumes, 1859, and a number of biographical and historical articles in reviews and magazines. Arnold, Thomas D., Avas born in Tennessee; was defeated as candidate for the Twentieth Congress, and again as candidate for the Twenty-first Congress, receiving 4,413 votes against 4,496 votes for Pryor Lea ; was elected a representative from Tennessee in the Twenty-second Congress, as a Whig, receiving 237 majority over Pryor Lea, and serving from De cember 5, 1831, to March 3, 1833. He was assaulted in the Capitol, May 14, 1832, by Morgan A. Heard, who fired a loaded horse-pistol at him (the ball grazing his arm), and then struck him with a bludgeon. He was again elected, without opposition, to the Twenty- seventh Congress, serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1843. Died at Campbell Station, Tennes see. Arlington, H. Archibald, was born in North Carolina; was elected a representative from North Carolina in the Twenty-seventh Congress, as a Demo crat; was re-elected to the Twenty-eighth Congress, receiving 4,813 votes against 4,205 votes for Stanly, Whig; was elected a representative from North Caro lina in the First Confederate Congress, serving from February, 1802, to February, 1804. Arthur, William E., was born at Cincinnati, Ohio, March 3, 1825. His parents removed when he was a child to Covington, Kentucky, where he was educated; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1850, and has since practised at Covington; was Commonwealth s attorney for the Ninth Judicial Dis trict of Kentucky, 1850-1802; was a candidate for presidential elector on the Breckinridge and Lane ticket in 1800; was elected judge of the Ninth, after wards the Twelfth, Judicial Circuit in 1866, for a full term of six years, but resigned in two years; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Forty- second Congress, as a Democrat, receiving 9,213 votes against 4,578 votes for Thomas Wrightson, Re publican; and was re-elected to the Forty-third Con gress, as a Democrat, receiving 11,424 votes against 6,564 votes for II. Myers, Republican, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1875; resumed the prac tice of law at Covington. Ash, Michael W M was born in Pennsylvania; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-fourth Congress, serving from December 7, 1835, to March 3, 1837. Ashe, John Baptiste (a son of Governor Sam uel Ashe), was born at Halifax, North Carolina, in 1748; entered the Continental army in 1776 as cap tain, and served through the Revolutionary war, at taining the rank of colonel, and especially dis tinguishing himself at the battle of Eutaw; was a member of the House of Commons of North Caro lina in 1786, and of the State Senate in 1789 and 1795; was a delegate to the Continental Congress in 1787, 1788; was elected a representative in the Second Congress, serving from October 24, 1791, until March 2, 1793; was elected governor of North Carolina in 1801, but died before his inauguration, at Halifax, November 27, 1802. Ashe, John B. (a son of John Baptiste Ashe), was born at Halifax, North Carolina; received an academic education; studied law; was admitted to the bar; removed to Tennessee, and practised there with great success; was elected a representative from Tennessee in the Twenty-eighth Congress, as a Whig, receiving 5,457 votes against 5,274 votes for Frederick P. Stanton, Democrat, and serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1845 ; removed to Harris County, Texas, where he died in January, 1858. Ashe, Thomas Samuel, was born in Orange County, North Carolina; was prepared for college at the classical school of W. T. Bingham, in Hills- borough, North Carolina; graduated at the Uni versity of North Carolina in 1832; studied law, and has ever since pursued that profession; was elected in 1842 a member of the House of Commons of the legislature of North Carolina from the county of Anson; was elected in 1847 by the legislature solicit or of the Fifth Judicial District of North Carolina, and served in that capacity for four years; was elected in 1854 to the Senate of the State legislature from the counties of Anson and Union ; was elected in 1861 to the House of Representatives of the Con federate States, and to the Senate of the Confederate Congress in 1864; was one of the councillors of state during the administration of Governor Jona than Worth in 1860 ; was the Conservative candidate for governor in 1868, but was defeated ; was elected a representative from North Carolina in the Forty- third Congress of the United States, as a Conserva tive, by a majority of 2,149 votes over O. II. Dock- ery, Republican; and was re-elected to the Forty- fourth Congress, as a Democrat, receiving a majority of 5,930 votes over C. C. Davidson, Independent, serving from December 6, 1873, to March 3, 1877. Ashe, "William S. (son of John Baptiste Ashe), was born at Wilmington, North Carolina; received a liberal education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Wilmington ; was a member of the State legislature of North Carolina in 1846 and 1848 ; was elected a representative from North Carolina in the Thirty-first Congress, as a Democrat, receiving 5,128 votes against 2,813 votes for Reid, Democrat ; and was re-elected to the Thirty- second Congress without opposition, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1851. Ashley, Chester, was born at Westfield, Massa chusetts, June 1, 1790; was taken when young to Hudson, New York, where he received a liberal education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and in 1817 removed to Illinois, where he com menced practice; removed in 1819 to Little Rock; was elected a United-States senator from Arkansas in 1844, as a Democrat (in place of William S. Ful ton, Democrat, deceased), and re-elected for six years in 1846, defeating Archibald Yell, and serving from December 4, 1844, until his death, at Washing ton, April 29, 1848. Ashley, Delos B., was born at the Post, Ar kansas, February 19, 1828; received an academic education? studied and practised law; went to Cali fornia in 1849; was district attorney in 1851, 1852, and 1853; was a member of the Assembly of Cali fornia in 1854 and 1855 ; was a member of the State Senate of California in 1856 and 1857; was State treasurer of California in 1862 and 1863; went to Nevada in 1864, and was elected a representative from Nevada in the Thirty-ninth Congress, as a Re publican, receiving 3,691 votes against 2,215 votes for II. K. Mitchell, Democrat; was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, receiving 5,040 votes against 4.295 votes for Mitchell, Democrat, serving from De cember 4, 1865, to March 3, 1809. Ashley, Henry, was born in Cheshire County, New Hampshire; received a public-school education; removed to New York, and located at Catskill ; was elected a representative from New York in the Nine- 264 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. teenth Congress, serving from December, 1, 1823, to March 3, 1355. Ashley, James M., was born near Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, November 14, 1824; was self-educated ; went to the West, and there acted as clerk, and learned the art of printing; edited "The Dispatch," and afterwards " The Democrat," at Portsmouth, Ohio ; studied law, but did not practise, engagi ig in boat-building, and subsequently in the drug-bu-iness at Toledo; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirty-sixth Congress, as a Republican, receiving 10,532 votes against 9,986 votes for Mungen, Demo crat; was successively re-elected to the Thirty- seventh, Thirty-eighth, and Thirty-ninth Congresses ; and was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, as a Pie- publican, receiving 14,873 votes against 12,956 votes for Commager, Democrat, serving from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 1809; was governor of Montana Territory 1869 and 1870; was the Republican candi date for the Forty-first Congress, and was defeated, receiving 14,595 votes against 15,507 votes for T. II. Hoag, Democrat. Ashley, William H., was born in Powhatan County, Virginia, in 1778; received a public-school education; removed to Missouri (then Upper Louisi ana) in180S; was a successful Indian trader, and dealer in furs; was lieutenant-governor of Illinois in 1820; was elected a representative from Missouri in the Twenty-second Congress, as a Whig, on a general ticket, and re-elected to the Twenty-third and the Twenty-fourth Congresses, serving from December 5, 1831, to March 3, 1837; died near Boonville, Mis souri, March 26, 1838. Ashmore, John D., was born in Greenville District, South Carolina, August 7, 1819; received a public-school education; was clerk in a store; taught school ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar, but never practised; became a planter; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1848, 1850, and 1852; was comptroller-general of the State 1853-1857; was elected a representative from South Carolina in the Thirty-sixth Congress, as a State- rights Democrat, serving from December 5, 1859, until he withdrew, December 21, 1860, his State hav ing seceded; served in the Confederate army; com mitted suicide by blowing out his brains at Sardis, Mississippi, December 6, 1871. Ashraun, Eli Porter, was born at Blandford, Massachusetts, June 24, 1770; received a classical education, graduating at Middlebury College in 1807; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Blandford until 1807; was several times a member of the State Senate and House of Repre sentatives ; was elected a United-States senator from Massachusetts to succeed Christopher Gore, serving from December 2, 1816, to May, 1818, when he re signed; died at Northampton, Massachusetts, May 10, 1819. Ashmun, George, was born at Blandford, Massachusetts, December 25, 1804 ; received a classi cal education, graduating at Yale College in 1823; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and com menced practice at Springfield in 1828 ; was a mem ber of the State House of Representatives in 1833, 1835, 1836, 1838, and 1841, serving the last year as speaker; was elected a representative from Massa chusetts in the Twenty-ninth Congress, as a Whig ; was re-elected to the Thirtieth Congress, receiving 6,228 votes against 4,425 votes for Tabor, Democrat, and 1,158 scattering ; and was re-elected to the Thirty- first Congress, serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1851 ; was president of the National Repub lican Convention at Chicago in 1860; was a govern ment director in the Union Pacific Railroad; died at Springfield, Massachusetts, July 10, 1870. Asper, Joel P., was born in Adams County, Pennsylvania, April 20, 1822; removed with his father to Ohio in 1827; worked on a farm and at tended school alternately; studied law, and was ad mitted to the bar in 1814; was elected a justice of the peace in 1846; in 1847, a prosecuting attorney for his county ; was a delegate to the Buffalo Con vention of 1848; editor of "The Western-Reserve Chronicle" in 1849, and of "The Chardon Demo crat" in 1850; in 1861 he raised a company, serving at the battle of Winchester, where he was wounded ; was promoted to the rank of lieutenant-colonel in 1862; and, in 1863, he was mustered out of service " on account of wounds received in action;" in the latter year he organized a regiment of national guards, and commanded it at the battle of Kellar s Bridge in 1864. He removed to Chillicothe, Mis souri, where he practised law with success in 18(54, and, in 1866, commenced the publication of "The Spectator;" was a delegate to the Chicago Conven tion ; was elected a representative from Missouri in the Forty-first Congress, as a Radical Republican, receiving 15,272 votes against 8,029 votes for Oliver, Democrat and Old-Line Whig, and serving from March 4, 18(59, to March 3, 1871. Atchison, David R., was born at Frogtown, Kentucky, August 11, 1807; received a liberal edu cation; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Missouri in 1830 ; was a mem ber of the State legislature in 1834 and 1838; was appointed judge of the Platte-county Circuit Court in 1841; was appointed United-States senator from Missouri, as a Democrat (in place of Lewis F. Linn, deceased); and was subsequently elected and re- elected, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1855 ; devoted himself to agricultural pursuits. Atherton, Charles Gordon (son of Charles Humphrey Atherton), was born at Amherst, New Hampshire, July 4, 1804; received a classical educa tion, gradiiating at Harvard College in 1822; studied law under Charles II. Atherton (his father) ; was ad mitted to the bar in 1825, and commenced practice in Dunstablc (now Nashua); was for many years a member of the State House of Representatives, serving three years as speaker ; was elected a repre sentative from New Hampshire in the Twenty-fifth, Twenty-sixth, and Twenty-seventh Congresses, as a Democrat, on general tickets ; and was elected to the United-States Senate in 1843, serving from Septem ber 4, 1837, until March 3, 1849 (Moses Norris, jun., was chosen to succeed him) ; was again elected to the United-States Senate in 1852, defeating Ira Per- ley, Whig, and John P. Hale, Free-soil Democrat; and served from March 4, 1853, until he was stricken with paralysis in court; and died at Manchester, New Hampshire. November 15, 1853. Atherton, Charles Humphrey (father of Charles Gordon Atherton), was born at Amherst, New Hampshire, August 14, 1773; received a classical education, graduating at Harvard College in 1794; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and com menced practice at Amherst in 1797 ; was register of probate, 1798-1837 ; was elected a representative from New Hampshire in the Fourteenth Congress, as a Federalist, serving from December 4, 1815, until March 3, 1817; declined a re-election; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1823-1838 and 1839; wrote several valuable historical articles; and died suddenly of pneumonia at Amherst, New Hampshire, January 8, 1853. Atkins, John D. C., was born in Henry County, Tennessee, June 4, 1825; received a good, early education, and graduated at the East-Tennessee University in 1846; studied law; is a farmer; was elected a member of the Tennessee House of Repre sentatives in 1849 and in 1851; was elected to the State Senate of Tennessee in 1855; was chosen a presidential elector in 1856; was elected a member of the House of Representatives in the Congress cf the United States in 1857; was on the Breckinridge electoral ticket in 1860; was lieutenant-colonel of the Fifth Tennessee Regiment in the Confederate army in 1861; was elected to the Confederate Provisional Congress in August, 1861 ; was re-elected in Novem ber, 1861, and again elected in November, 1863 ; was STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 265 elected a representative from Tennessee in the Forty- third Congress of the United States, as a Democrat, receiving 11,411 votes against 7,734 votes for W. W. Murray, Republican, and 1,309 votes for W. E. Tra vis, Independent Democrat; and was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Congress, receiving 9,4-1(3 votes against 4,789 votes for T. C. Muse, Republican. Atkinson, Archibald, was born in Isle of Wight County, Virginia, September 13, 1792 ; received a liberal education; studied law, completing his studies at the law school of William and Mary Col lege ; served in the war of 1S12, and was at the battle of Crany Island; commenced the practice of law at Smithfield ; served several years in the State Senate and House of Delegates ; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Twenty-eighth Congress, as a Democrat, receiving 1,789 votes against 1,784 votes for Langhorne, Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty- ninth Congress, and was re-elected to the Thirtieth Congress, receiving 2,238 votes against 2.100 votes for Watts, Whig, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1849 ; was prosecuting attorney for Isle of Wight County; and died at Smithfield, Virginia, January 10, 1872. Atlee, Samuel John, was born in 1738 ; com manded a company of Pennsylvania rangers in the French war, and a battalion of Pennsylvania conti nentals in the Revolutionary war; was taken pris oner by the British at the battle of Long Island ; was a commissioner to treat with the Indians; was a delegate from Pennsylvania to the Continental Con gress in 1778-1782; and died at Philadelphia No vember 7, 178G. Atwood, David, was born in Bedford, New Hampshire, December 15, 1815 ; received a common- school education, and became an apprentice to the printing business in Hamilton, New York, in 1832 ; was for twenty-three years editor and publisher of " The State Journal " at Madison, Wisconsin; was a member of the legislature in 1851, United-States assessor for four years, and mayor of Madison in 1808; was elected a representative for Wisconsin in the Forty-first Congress, as a Republican, without organized opposition, to fill the vacancy occasioned by the death of B. F. Hopkins; and served from 1870 to March 3, 1871. Austin, Archibald, was born in Buckingham County, Virginia, August 11, 1772 ; received a classi cal education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced a practice in his native county which was successfully extended over forty years; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Fifteenth Congress, as a Democrat, defeating John Randolph of Roanoke, and served from December 1, 1817, to March 3, 1819; was defeated as a candidate for re-election by Mr. Randolph by 490 majority; was subsequently for several years a member of the State legislature of Virginia, and, so aggravated a chronic lung complaint, while serving in 1835 and 1830, that he died at his residence in Buckingham County, Virginia, October 10, 1837. Averett, Thomas H., was born in Virginia; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Thirty-first Congress, as a Democrat, receiving 2,113 votes against 2,105 votes for Flournoy, Whig; and was re-elected to the Thirty-second Congress, receiv ing 1,450 votes against 1,200 votes for Flournoy, Whig, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1853. Aver ill, John T., was born at Alna, Maine, March 1, 1825; received a common-school and aca demic education, and completed his studies at the Maine Weslcyan University; removed to St. Paul. Minnesota ; was a manufacturer ; was elected to the State Senate of Minnesota in 1858 and 1859; entered the Union army in August, 1802, as lieutenant- colonel of the Sixth Minnesota Infantry, and was mustered out in November, 1805, as brigadier-general of volunteers; was elected to the Forty-second Con gress, as a Republican, receiving 17,133 votes against 14,491 votes for Ignatius Donnelly, Democrat, and was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress, receiving 19, 182 votes against 10,841 votes for^G. L. Becker, Democrat. ^ Avery, Daniel, was born in Cayuga County, New York; received a public-school education; was elected a representative from New York in the Twelfth Congress, as a Democrat, by a majority of 2,027 ; and was re-elected to the Thirteenth Congress, serving from November 4, 1811, to March 3, 1815; was again elected to the Fourteenth Congress, to fill a vacancy occasioned by the resignation of Enos T. Throop, serving from December 3, 1810, to March 3, 1817 ; and died at Aurora, New York. Avery, William T., was born in Maury County, Tennessee, November 11, 1819; received an academic education by his own exertions; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and was a successful practitioner; was a member of the State legislature of Tennessee in 1843; was elected a representative in Congress from Tennessee in the Thirty-fifth Congress, as a Democrat, receiving 0,000 votes against 5,707 votes for Stevens, American; and was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving 5,954 votes against 5,048 votes for Sneed, Opposition, and 230 votes for Currin, Independent. Axtell, Samuel B., was born in Franklin County, Ohio, October 14, 1819; was a student at the Western-Reserve College, Ohio; studied law; was admitted to the bar; removed to California, and com menced practice at San Francisco; was elected to the Fortieth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 18,793 votes against 13,989 votes for Phclps, Union Repub lican ; and was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress, receiving 23,032 votes against 20,081 votes for Pix- ley, Republican. Aycrigg, John B., was born in the State of New York; removed to Pyramus, New Jersey; Avas elected a representative from New Jersey in the Twenty-fifth Congress, as a Whig, on general ticket, serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1839; claimed to have been elected to the Twenty-sixth Congress on gen eral ticket, receiving 28,294 votes, and received the certificate of the governor, with the "broad seal" of the State of New Jersey (but the House refused to admit him and his Whig colleagues, and admitted their Democratic competitors); Avas again elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress, as a Whig, serving from May 3, 1841, to March 3, 1843. Ayer, Richard S., Avas born in Waldo County, Maine, October 9, 1829; received a common-school education; Avas engaged for a number of years in agricultural and mercantile pursuits ; at the breaking- out of the Rebellion, he enlisted as a private in the Fourth Maine Volunteers, and Avas promoted to a captaincy, which position he held for three years, serving at the first battle of Bull Run, Seven Pines, and Malvern Hill; in 1805, he removed to Virginia; in 1807, he Avas elected a delegate to the Virginia Constitutional Convention; and he Avas elected a representative from Virginia in the Forty-first Con gress, as a Republican, receiving 8,023 A-otes against 7,377 for Segar, Conservative, 5,050 for Lewis, Con servative, and 0,525 for Norton, Independent Re publican. Babcock, Alfred, was born in the State of NCAV York; received a public-school education; AA*as elect ed a representative from K CAV York in the Twenty- seventh Congress, as a Whig, receiving 5,524 votes against 4,309 A-otes for S. M. Burroughs, Van Burcn Democrat, and serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1843. Babbitt, Elijah, Avas born at Providence, Rhode Island, in 1790; received an academic education; re moved to Pennsylvania, Avhere he studied laAv; Avas admitted to the bar in 1824, and commenced practice at Erie; Avas a member of the State House of Repre sentatives in 1830 and 1837, and of the State Senate in 1844 and 1845 ; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-sixth Congress, as a 266 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Unionist, receiving 6,360 votes against 4,113 votes for Marshall, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress, as a Republican, receiving 10,705 votes against 5,551 votes for Wilson, Democrat, and serving from December 5, 1859, to March 4, 1861. Babcock, Leander, was born in New York; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-second Congress, as a Democrat, receiving 8,423 votes against 7,136 votes for Williams, Whig, and serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1853. Babcock, William, was born in New York; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-second Congress, serving from December 5, 1831, to March 3, 1833. Bacon, Ezekiel, was born at Boston, Massachu setts, September 1, 1776; received a classical educa tion, graduating at Yale College in 1794; studied law at the Litchfield Law School, and afterwards with Nathan Dane at Beverly ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Stockbridge, Massachu setts; was a member of the State legislature in 1806 and 1807 ; was elected a representative from Massa chusetts in the Tenth Congress, as a Democrat, and was re-elected to the Tenth, the Eleventh, and the Twelfth Congresses, serving from October 26, 1807, to March 3, 1813; was chief justice of the Court of Common Pleas for the Western District of Massa chusetts ; was comptroller of the United-States Treas ury from February 11, 1814, to February 28, 1815; removed to Utica, New York, in 1816; was a member of the State legislature of New York; was judge of the Court of Common Pleas ; was a member of the State Constitutional Convention in 1821; was the Democratic candidate for the Nineteenth Congress, but was defeated by Henry 11. Storrs; and died at Utica, October 18, 1870. Bacon, John, was born at Canterbury, Connec ticut, in 1737; received a classical education, gradu ating at Princeton College in 1765; studied theology; preached in Somerset County, Maryland, in 1768, and was settled over the Old South Church, Boston, September 25, 1771 ; was dismissed February 8, 1775, owing to differences of opinion with his church, and removed to Stockbridge, Massachusetts ; was a mem ber of the State Senate and House of Representatives, and a judge of the Court of Common Pleas; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Seventh Congress, serving from December 7, 1801, to March 3, 1803; and died at Stockbridge, Massachu setts, October 25, 1820. Bacon, William Johnson, was born at Wil- liamstown, Massachusetts, February 18, 1803; re moved to Utica, New Y"ork, in 1814; received a classical education, graduating at Hamilton College in 1822; commenced the study of law the same year in the office of General Joseph Kirkland, at Utica, and completed it at the Litchfield Law School in 1824; was appointed corporation counsel of Utica in 1837 ; was a member of the New- York House of As sembly in 1850; was elected in 1853 a justice of the Supreme Court for eight years, and in 1861 was re- elected for another term of eight years ; was elected a trustee of Hamilton College in 1851 ; and was elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, as a Republican, receiving 13,799 votes against 13,069 votes for Scott Lord, Democrat. Badger, George Edmund, was born at New- berne, North Carolina, April 13, 1795; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1813; studied law with John Stanly; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Newberne; was a member of the House of Commons of North Carolina in 1816; was elected judge of the Superior Court in 1820, and served until he resigned in 1825 ; was appointed secretary of the navy by President Harrison, March 5, 1841; and was re-appointed by President Tyler, but resigned September 13, 1841; was elected United-States senator in 1846 (to fill a vacancy caused by the resignation of William 11. Hey- wood), as a Whig, and re-elected in 1849, serving from December 14, 1846, to March 3, 1855 ; was nomi nated as justice of the Supreme Court by President Fillmore in 1851 , but was not confirmed by the Senate ; was a member of the State Convention of 1861, and spoke in defence of the Union; died at Raleigh, North Carolina, May 11, 1865. Badger, Luther, was born at Partridgefield, Massachusetts, April 10, 1785; was taken to New York by his father in 1786 ; received a classical edu cation, graduating at Hamilton College in 1807; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1812, and became a successful practitioner; was elected a rep resentative from New York in the Nineteenth Con gress, serving from December 5, 1825, until March 3, 1827; resumed practice in 1832; was examiner in chancery, and commissioner of United-States loans, 1840-1843; was United-States attorney for the d s- trict of New York 1843-1849. Baer, George, jun., was born at Frederick, Maryland; received a public-school education; was a merchant and a manufacturer ; was elected a rep resentative from Maryland in the Fifth Congress; and was re-elected to the Sixth Congress, serving from May 15, 1797, until March 3, 1801 ; was again elected to the Fourteenth Congress, serving from December 4, 1815, to March 3, 1817; died at Fred- crick, Maryland. Bagby, Arthur P., was born in Virginia in 1794; received a liberal education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and removed to Alabama, where he commenced practice in 1818; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1820-1822; was governor of Alabama 1837-1841; was elected United- States senator from Alabama (to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of C. C. Clay), as a Demo crat (defeating David Moore), and serving from December 27, 1841, until he resigned, June 16, 1848, to accept the appointment from President Polk of minister to Russia, which he held until May, 1849; was a commissioner to revise the Code of Alabama; died at Mobile, Alabama, September 21, 1858. Bagby, John C., was born at Glasgow, Ken tucky, January 24, 1819; was educated in the schools of Barren County, Kentucky; graduated as a civil engineer at Bacon College, Harrodsburg, in June, 1840; studied law with Hon. Christopher Tompkins; was admitted to the bar in March, 1845, and com menced practice at Rushville in April, 1846; never held a public office of any kind until elected a repre sentative from New York in the Forty-fourth Con gress, as a Democrat, receiving 9,784 votes against 8,825 votes for Henderson Ritchie, Republican, and serving from December 6, 1875, to March 3, 1877. Bagley, George A., was born at Watertown, New Y ork, July 22, 1826; received an academic edu cation; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1847, and practised for six years, when he engaged in the manufacture of iron, which he still continues; was president of the village of Watertown in 1866, and supervisor of the town of Watertown in 18C5, 1866, 1867, and 1868; was elected a representative from New York in the Forty-fourth Congress, as a Republican, receiving 14,391 votes against 13,255 votes for Martin L. Graves, Granger, Liberal, and Democrat ; and was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Con gress, receiving 14,391 votes against 13,255 votes for Martin L. Graves, serving from December 6, 1875. Bagley, John H., jun., was born at Hudson, New York, November 26, 1832; received a common- school education; at the age of nineteen went to California, where he was engaged in mining and in selling goods ; on his return he engaged in steamboat- ing on the Hudson River, and was a merchant at Catskill; served as supervisor of the town four terms; was elected a representative from New York in the Forty-fourth Congress, as a Democrat, receiving 16,205 votes against 12,700 votes for Seymour L. Stcbbins, Republican, and serving from December 6, 1875, to March 3, 1877. Baily, Joseph, was born on the Brandywine STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 267 battle-ground, Chester County, Pennsylvania, March 18, 1810 ; received a public-school education; was a member of the State (Senate and House from Chester County 1839-1845, and from Perry County 1850- 1854; was treasurer of the State of Pennsylvania 1854; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-seventh Congress, as a Democrat, re ceiving 12,069 votes against 11,712 votes for Junkin, Republican ; was re-elected to the Thirty-eighth Con gress, as a War Democrat, receiving 11,905 votes against 9,746 votes for Glosbrenncr, Independent Democrat, serving from July 4, 1801, to March 3, 1865. Bailey, Alexander H., was born at Minisink, New York, August 14, 1817 ; received a classical ed ucation, graduating at Princeton College; studied and practised law; was examiner in chancery in Greene County in 1840, 1841, and 1842; was justice of the peace in the town of Catskill for four years; was a member of the General Assembly of the State of New York in 1849; was county judge of Greene County for four years from 1851 ; was a member of the State Senate in 1801, 1862, 1863, and 1864; elected a representative from New York in the Fortieth Con gress, as a Republican (to fill the vacancy occasioned by the resignation of Roscoe Conkling), receiving about 670 majority over F. Stryker, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress, receiving 12,543 votes against 11,240 votes for Spriggs, Demo crat, and serving from November 30, 1867, to March 3, 1871 ; died at Home, New York, April 20, 1874. Bailey, David J., was born in Georgia; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Thirty- second Congress, as a State-rights Democrat, and re-elected to the Thirty-third Congress, receiving 5,232 votes against 5,227 votes for Trippe, Whig, and serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1855. Bailey, Goldsmith P., was born at Westmore land, New Hampshire, July 17, 1823. An orphan when two years of age, he earned a public-school education. In 1839 he began to learn the art of print ing, and became the assistant printer and editor of a country newspaper; commenced the stxidy of law in 1845 with Torrey & Wood of Fitchburg, and when admitted to the bar in December, 1848, was received into that firm; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1856, and a State senator in 1858 and 1800; was elected a representative from Massa chusetts in the Thirty-seventh Congress, as a Repub lican, receiving 9,745 votes against 7,949 votes for E. Thayer, Independent Republican, and serving from July 4, 1801, until April, 1802, when his health forced him to return home. He died of consumption, at Fitchburg, Massachusetts, May 8, 1802. Bailey, James E., was born in Montgomery County, Tennessee, August 15, 1822 ; received a clas sical education at the Clarksville Academy and at the University of Nashville ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Clarksville in 1843 ; was elected to the State House of Representa tives, as a Whig, in 1853; was not an original seces sionist, but served in the Confederate army; was appointed by the governor of Tennessee to sit on the Court of Arbitration in 1874; was elected United- States senator from Tennessee (to fill the vacancy cavised by the death of Andrew Johnson, which had been filled, by appointment, by D. M. Key), and took his seat January 29 ; 1877. Bailey, Jeremiah, was born at Little Compton, Rhode Island; received a classical education, gradu ating at Brown University; studied law; was admit ted to the bar, and commenced practice atWiscasset, Maine ; was a member of the State House of Repre sentatives 1811-1814; was a judge of probate 1814- 1835; was a candidate for Congress, and was de feated, in 1825; was elected a representative from Maine in the Twenty-fourth Congress, as a Whig, defeating Edward Kavanagh, Democrat, and serving from December 7, 1835, to March 3, 1837 ; was defeated as the Whig candidate for the Twenty-fifth Congress by Jonathan Cilley, Democrat ; was collector of cus toms atWiscasset 1849-1853; and died at Wiscasset July 7, 1853. Bailey, John, was born in Norfolk County, Massachusetts ; received a classical education, gradu ating at Brown University in 1807; was a tutor in Brown University 1808-1814; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1815-1810; was a clerk in the Department of State from October 1, 1817, to October 23, 1823 ; was elected on the eighth day of September, 1823, a representative from Massa chusetts in the Eighteenth Congress, as an Adams man. A protest was filed against his election on the ground that he was not an inhabitant of the district, and the House decided, March 18, 1824, that he was not entitled to a seat; was again elected, receiving 1,001 votes, being two more than a majority of all the votes cast, and was subsequently re-elected to the Nineteenth, the Twentieth, and the Twenty-first Congresses, serving from December 6, 1824, to March 3, 1831 ; died at Dorchester, Massachusetts, June 20, 1835. Bailey, Theodorus, was born in Dutchess County, New York, June 11, 1752; was elected a representative from New York in the Third Con gress, as a Democrat, and re-elected to the Fourth Congress, serving from December 1, 1793, to March 3, 1797 ; was again elected to the Sixth Congress, and re-elected to the Eighth Congress, serving from De cember 2, 1799, until March 3, 1803; was elected United-States senator from New York, serving from October 17, 1803, until January 10, 1804, when he resigned, to accept the position of postmaster at the city of New York, which he held until his death there, September 6, 1828. Baker, Caleb, was born at Providence, Rhode Island ; removed to New York ; was a member of the State Assembly there for four years; was elected a representative from New York in the Sixteenth Con- ress, serving from December 6, 1819, to March 3. 1821. Baker, David Jewett, was born at East Had- dam, Connecticut, September 7, 1792; received a public-school education; removed with his parents to Ontario County, New York, where he worked on a farm, and studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1819, and commenced practice at Kaskaria, Illinois ; was prominent in State politics, especially in his op position to a constitutional amendment sanctioning slavery, proposed in 1823; was probate judge of Ran dolph County; was appointed to the United-States Senate November 12, 1830, as a Democrat (to fill the vacancy caused by the death of John McLean), and served from December 6, 1830, until January 4, 1831 ; died at Alton, Illinois, August 6, 1809. Baker, Edward Dickinson, was born at Lon don, England, February 24, 1811; was brought to the United States in 1815 by his father, who first settled in Philadelphia as a weaver, and taught the boy that trade ; in 1825 the family removed to Illinois, where the boy attended public school. He then studied law, and served as a private in the Black-Hawk war. Admitted to the bar in Greene County, he commenced practice at Springfield; was a member of the State [louse of Representatives in 1837, and of the State Senate in 1840-1844; was elected a representative from Illinois in the Twenty-ninth Congress, as a Whig, serving from December 1, 1845, until Decem ber 30, 1846, when he resigned, having previously >een commissioned as colonel of the Fourth Regiment of Illinois Volunteers. Serving in the war against Mexico, he participated in the siege of Vera Cruz, and commanded a brigade at Cerro Gordo ; removed after the war to Galena, Illinois, and was again elected to the Thirty-first Congress, receiving 10,325 votes against 9,302 votes for Wells, Democrat, and serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1851 ; declined a re-election; removed to California in 1851, and practised; removed to Oregon in 1861, and was lected a United-States senator from that State, 268 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. taking Ins seat December 5, 18GO; raised a regiment of California volunteers in New York and Philadel phia at the breaking-out of the civil war, and took the field as its colonel ; commanded a brigade at the battle of Ball s Bluff, where he was killed, October 21,1801. Baker, Ezra, was born in New Jersey, and was elected a representative in Congress from that State in the Fourteenth Congress, serving from December 4, 1815, to March 3, 1817. Baker, Jehu, was born in Fayette County, Ken tucky, November 4, 1822; received an academic education ; studied and practised law ; was elected a representative from Illinois in the Thirty-ninth Con gress, as a Union .Republican, receiving 11,817 votes against 11,741 votes for W. R. Morrison, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, as a Union Eepublican, receiving 13,032 votes against 11,956 for Morrison, Democrat, serving from Decem ber 4, 1805, to March 3, 1809. Baker, John, was a native of Virginia; received an academic education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised ; was elected a representa tive from Virginia in the Twelfth Congress, as a Federalist, receiving 111 majority over Daniel Mor gan, Democrat, serving from November 4, 1811, to March 3, 1813 ; resumed practice ; died at Shepherds- town, Virginia, August 18, 1833. Baker, John H., was born in Parma Township, New York, February 28, 1832 ; removed at an early age with his parents to the present county of Fulton, Ohio, where he assisted in such farm-labor as is inci dent to early pioneer life until less than a year before attaining his majority. His early education while at home was limited to the brief winter terms of a new and sparsely-settled country. He afterward taught school, and attended the Wesleyan University at Delaware, Ohio, completing the first two years of the college course ; studied law at Adrian, Michigan; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in 1857 at Goshen, Indiana; has been constantly engaged in practice until his election to Congress, having pre viously held no office; was elected a representative from Indiana in the Forty-fourth Congress, as a lie- publican, receiving 13,071 votes against 13,013 votes for Freeman Kelley, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 18,481 votes against 10,273 votes for Freeman Kelley, Democrat, serving from December 0, 1875. Baker, Osmyn, was born at Amherst, Massa chusetts, May 18, 1800; received a classical educa tion, graduating at Yale College in 1822; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice; was a member of the State legislature 1853- 1854 ; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Twenty-sixth Congress (to fill the vacancy caused by the decease of James C. Alvord), as a Whig, the House rejecting a protest against his elec tion ; and was re-elected to the Twenty-seventh Con gress and to the Twenty-eighth Congress, serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1845 ; was elected State councillor 1853-1854. Baker, Stephen, was born in New- York City August 12, 1819; received a public-school education; engaged in mercantile pursuits; amassed consider able wealth, and retired in 1849 to a country-seat near Poughkeepsie ; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-seventh Congress, as a lie- publican, receiving 11,795 votes against 10,514 votes for Wager, Fusion Democrat, and 378 votes for Over- heiser, Breckinridge Democrat, serving from July 4, 1801, to March 3, 1803. He was travelling on the Union Pacific Railroad, and died suddenly as the train was approaching Ogden, June 9, 1875. Baker, William H., was born at Lenox, New York, January 17, 1827; removed with his father to Oswego County, New York, in 1829; received a com mon-school education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1851 ; located at Constantia, and practised there ; was elected district attorney in 1802, and re- elected in I860, acting as district attorney of Oswego County from January, 1803, to January, 1870; was elected a representative from New York in the Forty- fourth Congress, as a Republican, receiving 12,li9 votes against 11,109 votes for A. S. Warner, Republi can, Independent, and Democrat; and was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 10,555 votes against 11,708 votes for Bond, Democrat and Pro hibitionist, and 550 votes for Richardson, Democrat, serving from December 0, 1875, to March 3, 1877. Baldwin, Abraham (half-brother to Henry Baldwin), was born at Guilford, Connecticut, No vember 0, 1754; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1772 ; was a tutor of mathematics there until 1777, studying theology, and served as chaplain in the Revolutionary army 1777- 1783; removed to Savannah; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice there ; was a member of the State legislature in 1784; was a delegate to the Continental Congress 1785-1788; was a member of the United-States Constitutional Convention; was elected a representative from Georgia in the First Congress, as a Democrat, and was re-elected to the Second, Third, Fourth, and Fifth Congresses, serving from April 20, 1789, to March 3, 1799 ; was chosen a United-States senator from Georgia, serving from December 2, 1799; was elected president pro tcmpore of -the Senate December 7, 1801, and April 17, 1802, until he died, at Washington City, March 4, 1807. Baldwin, Augustus C., was born at Salina, New York, December 24, 1817; received a public- school education; removed to Michigan in 1837; taught school ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar in 1842, and commenced practice in Oakland County, Michigan; was a member of the State legislature in 1844 and 1840; was prosecuting attorney for Oak land County in 1853 and 1854; was a delegate to the National Democratic Convention, which met at Charlestown and at Baltimore in 1800 ; was elected a representative from Michigan to the Thirty-eighth Congress, as a Union Democrat, receiving 10,090 votes against 10, 432 votes f or li. E. Trowbridge, Republican, and serving from December 7, 18(53, to March 3, 1805 ; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiving 11,937 votes against 12,047 votes for R. E. Trowbridge, Republican, and contested the scat, on the ground, that, by an act of the legislature of Michigan, soldiers had been permitted to vote outside of the State; but the House, by a vote of 108 yeas against 30 nays, decided that Mr. Trowbridge should retain the seat ; was a dele gate to the National Democratic Convention at Chi cago in 1804, and the Peace Convention at Phila delphia in 1800. Baldwin, Henry (half-brother of Abraham Baldwin), was born at New Haven, Connecticut, in 1779; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1797; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and settled at Pittsburg, Pennsylvania ; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Fifteenth Congress, as a Federalist; was re-elected to the Sixteenth Congress, defeating S. Douglas, and was re-elected to the Seventeenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1817, until he resigned in 1822; was appointed a justice of the United-States Supreme Court, and served until he died, at Philadelphia, April 21, 1844. He was the author of " A General View of the Origin and Nature of the Constitution and Government of the United States," published at Philadelphia in 1837. Baldwin, John, was born at Windham, Con necticut; held several local offices; was elected a representative from Connecticut in the Nineteenth Congress; and was re-elected to the Twentieth Con gress, serving from December 5, 1825, to March 3, 1809. Baldwin, John Denison, was born at North Stonington, Connecticut, September 28, 1810; studied at Yale College; studied law, but never practised; devoted himself to literary pursuits, and was coil- STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 269 nected editorially with the press until he became editor and proprietor of " The Worcester Spy ; " was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Thirty-eighth Congress, as a Republican, receiving 10,128 votes against 5,178 votes for Whitin, Demo crat; was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiving 12,935 votes against 4,377 votes for Hodges, Democrat ; and was re-elected to the Fortieth Con gress, receiving 9,039 votes against 1,901 votes for Williams, Democrat, serving from December 7, 1803, to March 3, 1809; resumed his editorial labors; pub lished, in 1847, "Raymond Hill and other Poems," and " Pre-Historic Nations." Baldwin, Roger Sherman (son of Simeon Baldwin), was born at New Haven, Connecticut, January 4, 17U3; received a classical education, grad uating at Yale College in 1811; studied at the Litch- field Law School ; was admitted to the bar in 1814, and commenced practice at New Haven ; was a mem ber of the State Senate in 1837, and of the State House of Representatives in 1840, 1841 ; was governor of Connecticut 1844-184!) ; was appointed by the gov ernor of Connecticut United-States senator (to fill the vacancy caused by the death of T. W. Hunting- ton), as a Whig, and subsequently elected for the remainder of Mr. lluntington s term, serving from December 7, 1847, to March 3, 1851. Baldwin, Simeon (father of RogerS. Baldwin), was born at Norwich, Connecticut, December 14, 1701; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1781, and remaining there as tutor 1781-1780; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at New Haven; was clerk of the District and Circuit Courts 1790-1793; was elected a representative from Connecticut in the Eighth Con gress, as a Federalist, serving from October 17, 1803, to March 3, 1805 ; was judge of the State Supreme Court 1800-1817 ; was president of the commission to locate the Farmiugton Canal 1S22-1S3J; was mayor of New Haven in 1820; and died at New Haven May 20, 1851. Ball, Edward, was born in Virginia; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirty-third Con gress, as a Whig, receiving 7,101 votes against 0,347 votes for Gay, Democrat, and 189 votes for Blauchard, Free-Soiler; and was re-elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress, as a Republican, receiving 7,205 votes against 5,072 votes for Galigher, Democrat, serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1857 ; was elected sergeant-at-arms of the House of Representatives for the Thirty-seventh Congress, serving from July 5, 1801, to December 8, 1803. Ball, William Lee, was born in Lancaster County, Virginia, in 1779; was elected a representa tive from Virginia in the Fifteenth Congress; and was re-elected to the Sixteenth, Seventeenth, and Eighteenth Congresses, serving from December 1, 1817, until his death, at Washington City, February 28, 1824. Ballou, Latimer W., was born at Cumber land, Rhode Island, March 1, 1812; received his edu cation at the public schools and academies in the vicinity; removed to Cambridge, Massachusetts, in 1828, and learned the art of printing at " The Uni versity Press ;" established " The Cambridge Press" in 1835, and continued in the business until 1842, when he removed to Woonsocket, Rhode Island, and engaged in mercantile pursuits ; was chosen in 1850 cashier of the Woonsocket-Falls Bank, and treasurer of the Woonsockct Institution for Savings, which positions he has retained for twenty-live years ; was active in the organization of the Republican party, and was president of the Fremont Club in Woon- socket in 1850; was presidential elector on the Lin coln and Ilamlin ticket in 1800; was a delegate to the National Republican Convention which nominated Grant and Wilson at Philadelphia in 1872; was elected a representative from Rhode Island in the Forty-fourth Congress, as a Republican, receiving 2,302 votes against 1,235 votes for Samuel Rodman, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Cor- gress, receiving 7,179 votes against 5,295 votes for Page, Democrat, serving from December G, 1875. Banister, John, was born in Virginia; received a classical education in England, and studied law at the Temple ; returned to Virginia, and took a promi nent part in the anti-revolutionary movements; was a^colpnel in the Virginia line; was a member of the Virginia House of Representatives; was a delegate from Virginia to the Continental Congress, serving from March 10, 1778, to September 24, 1778; was one of the framers of the Articles of Confederation; served as lieutenant-colonel of Virginia cavalry in 1781, and was active in repelling the British invaders ; and died near Hatcher s Run, Dinwiddie County, Virginia, 1787. Banks, John, was born in Juniata County, Pennsylvania, October 17, 1793 ; received a classical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1819, and commenced practice in Western Pennsyl vania; filled several local oflices; was elected a repre sentative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-second Congress, and was re-elected to the Twenty-third and Twenty-fourth Congresses, serving from December 5, 1831, until he resigned in 1830, when he was ap pointed by Governor Ritter judge of the Berks Judi cial District (in place of Garrick Mallery, resigned); was defeated as the Whig candidate for governor of Pennsylvania in 1841, receiving 113,573 votes against 130,570 votes for Porter, Democrat; was State treas urer of Pennsylvania in 1847, resigning his judgeship; resumed practice at Reading, Pennsylvania, and died there April 3, 1804. Banks, Linn, was born in Madison County, Vir ginia; was for twenty successive years speaker of the Virginia House of Delegates, an office for which he was so peculiarly qualified that he was selected to fill it in all the mutations of party; declined further ser vice in the legislature in 1838, and was elected to the Twenty-fifth Congress, as a Democrat (to fill the vacancy occasioned by the resignation of John M. Patton), defeating Mr. Slaughter by 13 majority; was re-elected to the Twenty-sixth Congress, receiving 1,785 votes against 1,390 votes for Slaughter; and was re-elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress against William Smith, also a Democrat, who suc cessfully contested the election; resigned at the close of the extra session, having served from May 19, 1838, to September 13, 1841, and submitted the case to the voters of the district, who elected Smith by a small majority; was thrown from his horse and drowned while attempting to ford Conway River, January 14, 1842. Banks, Nathaniel Prentiss, was born at Waltham, Massachusetts, January 30, 1810 ; received a public-school education; was a factoiy operative; became a newspaper editor, and afterwards studied law; was a member of the Massachusetts legislature in 1849, 1850, 1851, and 1852, and was two years speaker of the House; was elected to the State Senate in 1851, but, being a member of the House, declined; was a member of the Constitutional Con vention of Massachusetts in 1853, and was chosen its president ; was elected a representative from Massa chusetts in the Thirty-third Congress, as a Coali tion Democrat, on the second trial ; was re-elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress, as an American, receiv ing 9,050 votes against 2,707 votes for L. V. Bell, Whig, and 715 votes for B. Buckman, Democrat; was elected speaker of the House after a protracted contest; was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Con gress, as a Republican, receiving 10,814 votes against 4,593 votes for Isaac II. Wright, Democrat, and 2,049 votes for Isaac Story, American, serving from December 5, 1853, until December 4, 1857, when he resigned, having been elected governor of Massachu setts; served as governor from January, 1858, until January, 1801; was president of the Illinois Central Railroad; entered the Union army as major-general of volunteers in 1801, and served throughout the 270 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. war; was again elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress (to fill the vacancy occasioned by the resignation of D. W. Gooch), as a Union Republican, receiving 8,123 votes against 1,938 votes for Greenwood, Dem ocrat; was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, as a Republican, receiving 10,075 votes against 3,36o votes for Prince, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty- first Congress, as a Republican, receiving 13,933 votes against 7,187 votes for Prince, Democrat; was re- elected to the Forty-second Congress, as a Repub lican, receiving 10,543 votes against 5.123 votes for Tarbox, Democrat, and 034 votes for Clark, Prohibi tionist, serving from December 4, 1865, to March 3, 1873; was defeated as the Liberal Republican and Democratic candidate for the Forty-third Congress, receiving 8,03 J votes against 12,472 votes for Gooch, Republican; was again elected to the Forty-fourth Congress as a Liberal Republican, receiving 13,438 votes against 7,203 votes for Gooch, Republican; and was re-elected to tho Forty-fifth Congress, as a Re publican, receiving 13,325 votes against 12,317 votes for Richard Frotiiingham, Democrat, serving from December 0, 1875. Banning, Henry B., was born at Mount Ver- iion, Ohio, JSTovember 10, 1834; received a common- school and academic education; studied and prac tised law at Mount Vernon, Ohio, until April, 1801, when he enlisted as a private soldier, and was pro moted successively to the rank of captain, major, lieutenant-colonel, colonel, brevet brigadier-general, and brevet major-general; represented Knox County in the Ohio legislature in 1800 and 1807; removed to Cincinnati in the year 18G9, where he resumed the practice of the law; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Forty-third Congress, as a Liberal Re publican, receiving 11,03(3 votes against 9,532 votes for Rutherford B. Hayes, Republican ; was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Congress, as a Democrat, receiv ing 10,852 votes against 9,317 votes for Steven, Re publican; re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, re ceiving 14,133 votes against 14,058 votes for Stanley Matthews, Republican, and serving from December 1, 1873. Barber, J. Allen, was born at Georgia, Ver mont ; after a partial course of studies at tho Univer sity of Vermont, studied law, and was admitted to practice in 1833; in 1837, he removed to the then Territory of Wisconsin, and settled at Lancaster, Grant County, where he has since practised. He was a member of the first Constitutional Convention of Wisconsin in 1840; was elected to the State Assembly of Wisconsin in 1852, 1853, and 1803, serving the last year as speaker; was elected to the State Senate in 1850 and 1857; was elected a representative from Wisconsin in the Forty-second Congress, as a Repub lican, receiving 11,503 votes against 8,150 votes for J. Strachan, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress, receiving 13,745 votes against 9,830 votes for Warden, Democrat, serving from December 4, 1871j to March 3, 1875. Barber, Levi, was born in Litchficld County, Connecticut; removed to Ohio; was elected a repre sentative from Ohio in the Fifteenth Congress, serv ing from December 1, 1817, to March 3, 1819; was defeated as a candidate for the Sixteenth Congress, receiving 1,803 votes against 2,727 votes for Henry Brush, and 1,954 votes for Edward Tupper; was again elected to the Seventeenth Congress, defeating Henry Brush, and serving from December 3, 1821, to March 3, 1823. Barber, Noyes, was born at Groton, Connecti cut, April 28, 1781 ; received a public-school educa tion; was clerk in a store; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Groton; was elected a representative from Connecticut in the Eighteenth Congress; and was re-elected to the Nineteenth, Twentieth, Twenty-first, Twenty-second, and Twen ty-third Congresses, serving from December 1, 1821, to March 3, 1845; resumed practice; and died at Gro ton, Connecticut, January 3, 1845. Barbour, James, was born in Orange County, Virginia, June 10, 1775; received a public-school education; studied law while serving as deputy- sheriff; was admitted to the bar in 1794, and com menced practice; was a member of the Virginia House of Delegates, and its speaker; was a United- States senator from Virginia, anti Democratic and State Rights, from January 11, 1815, to March 7, 1825, when he resigned on being appointed secretary of war by President John Quincy Adams ; was min ister to England from May, 23, 1828, to September 23, 1829; and died near Gordonsville, Virginia, June 8, 1842. Barbour, John S., was born in Culpepcr County, Virginia, August 8, 1790; received a classi cal education, graduating at William and Mary Col lege in 1808; studied law with his relative, Governor James Barbour, and was admitted to the bar; was aide-de-camp to General Madison in the war of 1812; was a member of the State legislature; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Eighteenth Con gress, as a State-rights Democrat, by 50 majority, and was re-elected to the Nineteenth, Twentieth, Twenty-first, and Twenty-second Congresses, serving from December 1, 1823, until March 3, 1833; was a member of the Virginia Constitutional Convention of 1829, 1830 ; and died in Culpeper County, Virginia, January 12, 1866. Barbour, Lucien, was born at Canton, Connect icut, March 4, 1811; received a classical education, graduating at Amherst College in 1837; removed to Indiana; studied law; was admitted to the bar; com menced practice at Indianapolis; was appointed United-States district attorney for the district of In diana; was a commissioner to codify the laws of Indiana in 1852; was elected a representative from Indiana in the Thirty-fourth Congress, as a Repub lican, receiving 9,824 votes against 9,280 votes for Ilcndricks, Democrat, and serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1857. Barbour, Philip Pendleton, was born in Orange County, Virginia, in 1799; received a classi cal education; studied law, and practised with suc cess; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Fourteenth Congress, as a Democrat; and was re-elected to the Fifteenth, Sixteenth, Seventeenth, and Eighteenth Congresses without opposition, serv ing from September 19, 1814, until he resigned in February, 1825 ; was chosen speaker in 1821 ; was ap pointed judge of the Virginia General Court for the Eastern District in 1825 (in place of Judge Holmes, deceased); was again elected a representative to the Twentieth and Twenty-first Congresses, serving from December 3, 1827, until he resigned, May 31, 1830; received 40 votes for candidate for Vice-President at the Democratic National Convention at Baltimore in 1832, at which Jackson and Van Burcn were nomi nated; was appointed by President Jackson associ ate justice of the Supreme Court, March 15, 1830, and held the ofiice until found dead in his bed, at Washington City, of ossification of the heart, Feb ruary 25, 1841. Barclay, David, was born in Pennsylvania; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-fourth Congress, as a Democrat, receiving 10,115 votes against 3,527 votes for Arthurs, Whig, and serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1857. Bard, David, was born in Pennsylvania; re ceived a classical education, graduating at Princeton College in 1778; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Fourth Congress, and was re- elected to the Fifth Congress, serving from December 7, 1795, to March 3, 1799; was again elected to tho Eighth Congress ; and was re-elected to the Ninth, Tenth, Eleventh, Twelfth, and Thirteenth Con gresses, serving from October 17, 1803, until March 3, 1815. Soon after the expiration of his congressional service, he died in Virginia. Barker, Abraham A., was born at Lovell, Maine, March 30, 1810 ; received a public-school cdu- STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 271 cation; was a farmer; removed to Pennsylvania in 1854, and engaged in the lumber trade; was a dele gate to the National Republican Convention at Chi cago in 1800; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-ninth Congress, as a Union Republican, receiving 9,225 votes against 8,71(3 votes for Johnston, Democrat, and serving from December 4, 18G5, to March 3, 1807. Barker, David, jun., was born at Stratham, New Hampshire, January 8, 1797; received a classical education at Exeter Academy and at Harvard College, where he graduated in 1815; studied law with John P. Hale at Rochester, New Hampshire ; was admitted to the bar in 1819, and commenced practice there ; was an original member of the New-Hampshire His torical Society; was several years a member of the State legislature; was elected to (he Twentieth Con gress, serving from December 3, 1827, to March 3, 1829; resumed practice at Rochester; and died there, of a heart disease, April 1, 1834. Barker, Jacob, was born at Swan Island, Maine, December 7, 1779; received a public-school education; became a ship-owner, and engaged in commercial spec ulations ; removed to New- York City, where he be came a noted financier; was a member of the State Senate of New York; lost his property, and was in dicted for conspiracy to defraud, after the failure of a life-insurance company of which he was the mana ger; removed to New Orleans in 1834; was admitted to the bar there, and became a business and political lead er; was elected from Louisiana to the Thirty-ninth Congress (in accordance with the advice of President Johnson), as a Conservative ; and his credentials were presented December 19, 1805, but he was not admit ted to a seat; became again bankrupt in 1807; and died at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, December 27, 1871. Barker, Joseph, was born in Massachusetts in 1751; received a classical education, studying two years at Harvard College, and graduating at Yale Col lege in 1771 ; studied theology, and was ordained as a pastor; was elected a representative from Massachu setts in the Ninth Congress, and was re-elected to the Tenth Congress, serving from December 2, 1805, to March 3, 1809; died in 1815. Barksdale, William, was born in Rutherford County, Tennessee, August 21, 1821; received a clas sical education, and was a student at the Nashville University; studied law at Columbia; was admitted to the bar, and removed to Columbus, Mississippi, where he practised; edited "The Columbus Demo crat; " served in the Mexican war as quartermaster of the Second Mississippi Volunteers; was a member of the. National Democratic Convention of 1852; was elected a representative from Mississippi in the Thirty-third Congress, as a State-rights Democrat, for the State at large, receiving 29,702 votes against 25,183 votes for Bradford, Whig; was re-elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress, receiving 7,340 votes against 5,894 votes for Gobi), American; was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress without opposition, receiving 5,530 votes; and was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress without opposition, receiving 7,125 votes, serving from December 5, 1853, until January 12, 1801, when he retired, and entered the military service of the Southern Confederacy. He attained the rank of brigadier-general August 12, 1802, commanding a Mississippi brigade in Longstreet s corps; and was killed at the battle of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, July 2, 1803. Barlow, Stephen, was born in Pennsylvania, and was elected a representative from that, State in the Twentieth Congress, serving from December 3, 1827, to March 3, 1829. Barnard, Daniel Dewey, was born in Berk shire County, Massachusetts, July 10, 1797; received a classical education, graduating at Williams College in 1818; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1821, and practised at Rochester, New York ; was prosecut ing attorney in 1820; was elected a representative from New York in the Twentieth Congress, sen-ing from December 3, 1827, to March 3, 1829; travelled in Europe in 1831, and, on his return in 1832, removed to Albany; was a member of the State Assembly; was again elected to the Twenty-sixth Congress, as a Whig, receiving 5,080 votes against 5,145 votes for Gallup, Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty-sev enth Congress, receiving 0,351 votes against "5, 973 votes for French, Van Buren Democrat; and was re- elected to the Twenty-eighth Congress, serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1845; was minister to Prussia from Septembers, 1850, to September21, 1853; was a contributor to literary reviews; and died at Albany, New York, April 24, 1801. Barnard, Isaac D., was born at Aston, Penn sylvania, July 18, 1791 ; received a public-school edu cation; studied law; was appointed captain in the Fourteenth United-States Infantry March 12, 1812; and after distinguishing himself, especially at the en gagements of Lyons Creek and Fort George, he left the service in 1815; resumed his legal studies; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at West- chester in 1810; was deputy attorney-general in 1817; was a State senator in 1820 ; was State secretary of state in 1820; was elected a United-States senator from Pennsylvania, serving from December 3, 1827, until he resigned in 1811 ; and died at Westchester, Pennsylva nia, February 28, 1834. ^Barnes, Demas, was born at Gorham, New York, April 4, 1827; received an academic education ; was reared on a farm; was a clerk in a country store; removed to New-York City in 1849, and engaged in the wholesale drug and medicine business; was elect ed a representative from New York in the Fortieth Congress, as a Democrat, receiving 15,014 votes against 8,985 votes for Van Brunt, Republican, and 884" votes for Hughes, Independent Democrat, serving from March 4, 1807, to March 3, 1809. Barney, John (the son of Commodore Joshua Barney), was born at Baltimore in 1785; was an un successful candidate for Congress in 1823; was elect ed a representative from Maryland in the Nineteenth Congress, as an Adams anti-Democrat, receiving 5,517 votes against 5,347 votes for Isaac McKim; and was re-elected to the Twentieth Congress, serving from December 5, 1825, to March 3, 1829. Barnett, W^illiam, was born in Virginia; re moved to Georgia; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Twelfth Congress (in place of Ilowell Cobb, resigned), as a State-rights Democrat; and was re-elected to the Fifteenth Congress, serving from November 27, 1812, to March 3, 1815; was ap pointed a member of the commission to establish the boundaries of the Creek-Indian reservation in 1815. Barnitz, Charles A., was born at York, Penn sylvania, September 11, 1780; received a liber; 1 edu cation; studied law; was admitted to the brr, and practised at York; was elected to the State Senate of Pennsylvania in 1815; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-third Congiess, as a friend of Clay, defeating Doctor Adam King, Jack son Democrat, and serving from December 2, ]833, until March 3, 1835 ; was president of the York B; nk ; and died at York, Pennsylvania, January 8, 1850. Barnum, William H., was born September 17, 1818; received a public-school education; engaged in the manufacture of iron : was elected a representa tive from Connecticut in the Fortieth Congress, as a Democrat, receiving 13,083 votes against 12,103 votes for P. T. Barnum, Republican; was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress, receiving 13,075 votes against 11,915 votes for Beardsley, Republican ; was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress, defeating Coffin, Repub lican; was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress, re ceiving 12,501 votes against 10,799 votes for Miner, Republican; and was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Congress, receiving 14,275 votes against 11,040 votes for Hubbard, Republican, and 075 votes for Hedge, Prohibitionist; and resigning May 22, 1870, when he was elected a United-States senator from Connect!- 272 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. cut, as a Democrat (in place of Orris Ferry, Repub lican), he took his seat in the Senate May 22, 1876. Barnwell, Robert, was born in South Carolina, and was a representative from that State in the Second Congress, from October 24, 1791, to March 2, 1793. Barnwell, Robert Woodward, was born in South Carolina August 10, 1801 ; received a classical education, graduating at Harvard College in 1821; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised; was elected a representative from South Carolina in the Twenty-first Congress, and was re-elected to the Thirtieth Congress, serving from December 7, 1829, to March 3, 1823; declined being a candidate for re election; was appointed United-States senator from South Carolina (in place of Franklin II. Elmore, de ceased), and served from June 24, 1850, to January G, 1851; was a commissioner from South Carolina to confer with the Federal Government regarding the secession of that State in December, I860; was a member of the Provisional Congress of the Confeder ate States, serving from February 4, 18G1, to February 1, 1862; was a senator from South Carolina in the Confederate Congress, serving from February 1, 1802, to February 18, 1866 ; was president of the University of South Carolina. Barr, Thomas J., was born at New York in 1812; received a public-school education; was the landlord of a hotel in New Jersey 1835-1842; returned to New- York City, and was an assistant alderman 1849-1850; was a State senator in 1853; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-fifth Congress (in the place of John Kelly, resigned), as a Democrat, and was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress as an Independent Democrat, receiving 3,941) votes against 2,671 votes for Stephens, Demo crat, 2,290 votes for Brennan, Republican, 710 votes for Farmer, Democrat, and 300 votes for Ilusted, American, serving from January 17, 1859, to March 4, 1801. Barr ere, Granville, was born in Highland County, Ohio, where he received a public-school education, and afterward attended college at Au gusta, Kentucky, and Marietta, Ohio; studied law; was admitted to the bar in Ohio, and commenced practice in Illinois in 1850 ; devoted his entire atten tion to his profession until elected a representative from Illinois in the Forty-third Congress, as a Re publican, receiving 12,055 votes against 10,799 votes for N. E. Worthington, Democrat, and serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1875. Barrere, Nelson, of Hillsborough, Ohio, was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirty- second Congress, as a Whig, receiving 5,515 votes against 5,219 votes for E. M. Ellsberry, Democrat, and serving from December 1, 1851, until March 3, 1853; was defeated as the Whig candidate for the Thirty- third Congress, receiving 7,208 votes against 7,479 votes for Ellison, Democrat. Barrett, J. Richard, was born in Kentucky; removed to St. Louis; was the president of the St. Louis Agricultural Society, and organized its highly- successful exhibitions ; claimed a seat as a represen tative from Missouri in the Thirty-sixth Congress, but it was awarded, June 8, 1860, to Francis P. Blair, who soon afterwards resigned; was elected to the vacant seat in the Thirty-sixth Congress, as a Demo crat, receiving 12,862 votes against 12,538 for Francis P. Blair, Republican, and served from December 3, 1861, to March 3, 1863; was defeated as the Demo cratic candidate for the Thirty-seventh Congress, re ceiving 9,967 votes against 11,453 votes for Blair, Republican, and 4,542 votes for Todd, American. Barringer, Daniel L., was born in Cabarrus (then Mechlenburg) County, North Carolina, Octo ber 1, 1788; received a classical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised in Wake County, where he married; was a member of the House of Commons of North Carolina in 1813, 1819, 1821, and 1822; was elected a representative in the Nineteenth Congress (in the place of W. Mangum, resigned), as a Democrat, defeating James Mebane by 7 majority; was re-elected to the Twentieth Con gress, defeating A. L. Murphy by 226 majority; was re-elected to the Twenty-first Congress, defeating James A. Craig by 1,060 majority; was re-elected to the Twenty-second Congress, as a Jackson Demo crat, receiving 3,082 votes against 3,073 votes for Edward Do Berry, Adams Democrat; and was re- elected to the Twenty-third Congress, defeating J. G. A. Williamson by 61 votes, serving from Decem ber 4, 1820, to March 3, 1835; was defeated as a Whig candidate for the Twenty-fourth Congress, receiving 2,066 against 2,446 for William Montgom ery, Democrat ; removed to Tennessee ; was a mem ber of the State House of Representatives, and chosen its speaker ; and died in Tennessee October 16, 1852. Barringer, Daniel Moreau, was born in Cabarrus County, North Carolina, in July, 1800; received a classical education, graduating at the Uni versity of North Carolina in 1826; studied law under Chief Justice Ruffin; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in 1829 ; was a member of the House of Commons of North Carolina in 1829, 1830, 1831, 1832, 1833, 1834, 1840, and 1842; was a member of the Constitutional Convention in 1835; was elected a representative from North Carolina to the Twenty- eighth Congress, as a Whig, receiving 4,135 votes against 3,787 votes for Craige, Democrat; was re- elected to the Twenty-ninth Congress, receiving 5,308 votes against 5,342 votes for Charles Fisher, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirtieth Congress, receiving 3,412 votes against 702 votes for Leake, Democrat, serving from December 4, 1843, until March 3, 1849; was appointed by President Taylor minister to Spain, and served from June 18, 1849, until September 4, 1853; returned home, and was elected to the State House of Representatives in 1854, but declined a re-election in 1855; was a delegate to the Peace Congress of 1861. Barrow, Alexander, was born near Nashville, Tennessee, in 1801 ; was educated at the West-Point Military Academy; studied law at Nashville; was admitted to the bar, and soon afterwards removed to Louisiana, where he practised a few years; then de voted himself to agricultural pursuits; was several years a member of the State legislature of Louisi ana; was chosen United-States senator from Louisi ana, as a Whig, serving from May 31, 1841, until his death, which occurred suddenly, while he was on a visit at Baltimore, December 29, 1840. Barrow, "Washington, was born in Davidson County, Tennessee, October 5, 1817 ; received a clas sical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised; was minister to Portugal from August 10, 1841, to February 24, 1844; was elected a representative from Tennessee in the Thirtieth Con gress, as a Whig, serving from December 6, 1847, to March 3, 1849; edited "The Nashville Banner;" was State senator in I860, 1801; was member of a commission which negotiated a military league with the Southern Confederacy, May 4, 1801; was arrested by order of Governor Andrew Johnson March 28, 1802, and imprisoned in the penitentiary at Nash ville, but released the following week by order of President Lincoln; died at St. Louis, Missouri, Oc tober 19, 1800. Barry, Henry "W., was born in New York; was self-educated; was principal of Locust-Grove Acid- emy, Kentucky, for two years; graduated at the Columbian Law College, Washington, District of Columbia; entered the Union army as a private early in the war; organized the first regiment of colored troops raised in Kentucky; commanded a brigade, and, for a time, a division of the army; was brevetted major-general; was a member of the State Constitu tional Convention of Mississippi in 1807; was elected to the State Senate of Mississippi in 1808; was elected a representative from Mississippi in the Forty-first Congress, as a Republican; was re-elected to the STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 273 Forty-second Congress, receiving 12,912 votes against 7,6:30 votes for Steen, Democrat, and 1,817 votes for Le Flore, Conservative; was re-elected to the Forty- third Congress, receiving 15,047 votes against 0,440 votes for Bolding, Democrat, and served from Aprr 8, 1870, to March 4, 1875; visited Washington City the following June; and died there, of apoplexy, June 7, 1875. Barry, William Taylor, was born at Lunen- burg, Virginia, February 5, 1784; received a classical education, graduating at William and Mary College in 1803; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Lexington, Kentucky; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Elev enth Congress, as a Democrat (to fill the vacancy caused by the appointment of B. G. Howard to be governor of Indiana Territory), and served from December 13, 1810, until March 3, 1811 ; served in the Indian war of 1813, and was aide-de-camp to Governor Shelby at the battle of the Thames ; was a member of the State House of Representatives, and was elected its speaker; was appointed to the United-States Senate in 1814 (to fill the vacancy caused by the resig nation of George M. Bibb), and served from Febru ary 2, 1815, until he resigned in 1816; was appointed judge of the Supreme Court of Kentucky; was elected lieutenant-governor; Avas appointed pro fessor of law and politics in Transylvania Univer sity, at Lexington, in 1821; was successively secre tary of state and chief justice of the Supreme Court of Kentucky; was appointed postmaster- general by President Jackson March 9, 1829, and was the first postmaster-general invited to sit in the Cabinet; resigned April 10, 1835, when he was ap pointed minister plenipotentiary to Spain; died on his way to Madrid, at Liverpool, England, August 30, 1835. His remains were brought home by direc tion of the legislature of Kentucky, and re-interred in Frankfort Cemetery, with Masonic honors, No vember 8, 1854. Barry, William Taylor Sullivan, was born at Columbus, Mississippi, December 12, 1821; re ceived a classical education, graduating at Yale Col lege in 1841 ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Columbus; had planting interests in Oktibba and Sunflower Counties, making the lat ter his residence in 1853; was elected a representa tive from Mississippi in the Thirty-third Congress, as a Democrat, receiving 7,039 votes against 0,837 votes for Wilcox, Whig, and serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855; was president of the State Secession Convention of 1861 ; was a member of the Provisional Confederate Congress, serving from Feb ruary 4, 1801, to January, 1862, when he resigned, to enter the military service; recruited and commanded the Thirty-fifth Mississippi Volunteers, acting sev eral times as commander of the brigade to which he belonged, until captured at Mobile, April 12, 1865; resumed practice at Columbus; and died there, of consumption, January 29, 1868. Barstow, Gamaliel H., was born in the State of New York in 1785; was treasurer of the State of New York 1825-1828; was several times a member of the State Senate and Assembly; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-second Congress, serving from December 5, 1831, to March 3, 1833; died at Nichols, New York, April, 1865. Barstow, Gideon, was born in Essex County, Massachusetts, in 1783 ; was a member of the State Senate and House of Representatives ; was elected a representative in Congress from Massachusetts, in the Seventeenth Congress, as a Democrat, by 200 majority over Timothy Pickering, Federalist, and serving from December 3, 1821, to March 3, 1823; died at St. Augustine, Florida, March 26, 1852. Bartlett, Bailey, was born at Haverhill, Mas sachusetts, in 1750; received a public-school educa tion; was a clerk in his father s English-goods store, and then carried on the business until 1789; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1781, 1782, and 1783, declining a re-election in 1784; was a delegate to the State Convention to ratify the Federal Constitution in 1787; was again a member of the State House of Representatives in 1788, and of the State Senate in 1789; was appointed high sheriff of Essex County in 1789, and held the office over forty years consecutively, except between De cember 5, 1811, and January 20, 1812, when he was superseded on political grounds by Governor Gerry, and appointed county treasurer by the commission ers of Essex County; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Fifth Congress (in the place of Theophilus Bradbury, resigned), as a Fed eralist, and was re-elected to the Sixth Congress, serv ing from November 27, 1797, to March 3, 1801 ; was on the defeated Federal electoral ticket in 1804; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention in 1820; was a presidential elector on the Adams and Rush ticket in 1824; was a prominent member of the state and county agricultural societies ; and died at Haverhill, Massachusetts, September 9, 1830. Bartlett, Ichabod, was born at Salisbury, New Hampshire, July 24, 1780; received a classical edu cation, graduating at Dartmouth in 1808; studied law under Moses Eastman at Salisbury; was admit ted to the bar in 1811; commenced practice at Dur ham, but removed to Portsmouth in 1810 ; was clerk of the State Senate 1817-1818; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1820 and 1821, serving the last year as speaker; was an active militia officer; was State solicitor for Rockingham County in 1819, 1820, and 1821 ; was elected a representative from New Hampshire in the Eighteenth Congress, as an anti-Democrat, receiving 10,464 votes on a general ticket, and successively re-elected to the Nineteenth and Twentieth Congresses, serving from December 1, 1823, until March 3, 1829; was ap pointed chief justice of the Court of Common Pleas established in 1825, but declined, preferring to remain in Congress; was again a member of the State House of Representatives in 1830; was defeated as the Whig candidate for governor, in 1832, by Sam uel Dinsmoor, Democrat; was again a member of the State House of Representatives in 1838, 1851, and 1852 ; was a member of the State Constitutional Convention of 1850; and died at Portsmouth, New Hampshire, October 19, 1853. Bartlett, Josiah, was born at Amesbury, Mas sachusetts, November 21, 1727 (old style) ; received an academical education; studied medicine under Dr. Ordway at Amesbury, and commenced practice at Kingston, New Hampshire, in 1748; was a member of the colonial legislature of New Hampshire, and filled various offices of trust under the royal govern ment ; was chosen a delegate from New Hampshire to the Continental Congress which met at Philadel phia in September, 1775; and was the first, after President Hancock, to sign the Declaration of Inde pendence. He resigned in November, 1778; was ap pointed chief justice of the Court of Common Pleas soon afterwards; was transferred to the Superior Bench in November, 1782, and there officiated until he was appointed, in 1788, chief justice of the State. He was elected to the United-States Senate from New Hampshire in 1789, but declined, and also re signed the office of chief justice ; was elected presi dent of the State of New Hampshire in 1790; took an active part in forming the New-Hampshire Medi cal Society, and was elected its first president in 1791; was a member of the Constitutional Conven tion of 1792 (which substituted the title of governor for that of president), and was the first chief magis trate of New Hampshire with the title of governor; received the honorary degrees of M.A. and M.D. from Dartmouth College ; and died suddenly, of pa ralysis, at Kingston, New Hampshire, May 19, 1795. Bartlett, Josiah, jun. (a son of Dr. Josiah Bartlett), was born at Kingston, New Hampshire, December 16, 1768; studied medicine, and commenced practice at Strathara, New Hampshire ; was chosen a 274 CONGRESSIONAL DIEECTOEY. presidential elector on the Washington ticket in 1793, and again on the John Quincy Adams ticket in 1825; was elected a representative from New Hampshire to the Twelfth Congress, serving from November 4, 1811, until March 3, 1813; was president of the New- Hampshire Medical Society; died at Stratham, New Hampshire, April 14, 1838. Bartley, Mordecai, was born in Fayettc Coun ty, Pennsylvania, December 16, 1783; was taken by his parents in 1824 to Virginia, where he attended public school ; removed to Ohio in 1809, and became a farmer at Mansfield; served in the war of 1812 under General Harrison as adjutant and captain; was a State senator 1817, 1818; was register of the land-office 1818-1823; was elected to the Eighteenth Congress, and was successively re- elected to the Nineteenth, Twentieth, and Twenty- first Congresses, serving from December 1, 1823, to March 3, 1831; was governor of Ohio 1844-1846; died at Mansfield, Ohio, October 10, 1870. Bartlett, Thomas, jun., was born at Sutton, Vermont, June 18, 1808; received a public-school education; studied law at Lyndon, Vermont, with Isaac Fletcher and George C. Cahoon; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Groton in 1833; removed in 1835 to Groton, where he practised in partnership with Isaac Fletcher; was State s attorney for Caledonia County in 1839, 1841, and 1842; was a member of the State Senate in 1841 and 1842, and of the State House of Representatives in 1849, 1850, 1854, and 1855; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Conventions in 1850 and 1857 ; was elected a representative from Vermont in the Thirty-second Congress, as a Democrat, receiving 7,009 votes against 5,014 votes for Davis, Whig, 649 votes for Willard, Democrat, and 114 votes scattering, and serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1853; was defeated as a Democratic candidate for the Thir ty-third Congress, receiving 436 votes against 9,319 votes for Andrew Tracy, Whig, 3,261 votes for Kel logg, Democrat, and 1,675 votes for Henry, Democrat ; resumed practice, which he continued until he died, at Lyndon, September 8, 1876. Barton, David, removed from Waco, Kentucky, early in life, to the then Territory of Missouri ; was a member of the convention which formed a State constitution in 1820; was a United-States senator from Missouri, serving from December 3, 1821, to March 3, 1831; died near Boonville, Missouri, Sep tember 28, 1837. Barton, Richard W., was born in Virginia; was several years a member of the State legisla ture; was elected a representative in the Twenty- seventh Congress, as a Whig, serving from December 3, 1821, to March 3, 1831 ; was one of the founders and the first president of the Valley Agricultural Society; died in Frederick County, Virginia, March 15, 1859. Barton, Samuel, was horn in New York; was for three years a member of the State Assembly; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-seventh Congress, serving from December 7, 1835, to March 3, 1837. Bashford, Coles, was born near Cold Springs, New York, January 2-1, 1816; received a classical education at the Wesleyan Seminary, now Genesee College, Lima, New York; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1841; was district attorney of Wayne County from 1847 until 1850, when he resigned; removed to Oshkosh, Wisconsin, in 1850, and was a member of the Senate of that State in 1852, 1853, and 1854, resigning in 1855; was gov ernor of Wisconsin from 1855 to 1858; accompanied the territorial officers to Arizona in 1863; was attor ney-general of Arizona from 1864 until 1867; was elected a member of the first Territorial Council of Arizona, and was its presiding officer; was elected a delegate from Arizona to the Fortieth Congress, as an Independent, receiving 1,000 votes against 518 votes for Posten, and 108 votes for Adams, serving from March 4, 1867, to March 3, 1869; was appointed secretary of Arizona in 1869. Bass, Lyman K., was born at Alden, New York, November 13, 1836; graduated at Union Col lege, Schencctady, in 1856; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Buffalo; was district attorney for Erie County 1865-1872; was renominated, and declined ; was elected a representative from New York in the Forty-third Congress, as a Republican, receiving 17,929 votes against 12,813 votes for Wil liams, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Forty- fourth Congress, receiving 15,968 votes against 14,070 votes for Nicholls, Democrat, serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1877. Bassett, Burwell, was born in New Kent County, Virginia, in 1764; was for many years a member of the Virginia legislature; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Ninth, Tenth, Eleventh, and Twelfth Congresses, as a Democrat, serving from December 2, 1806, until March 3, 1813; was defeated as a Democratic candidate for the Thirteenth Congress by Thomas M. Bayley, and unsuccessfully contested the seat; was again elected to the Fourteenth Congress by a majority of 47, serving from December 4, 1815, until March 3, 1817; Avas again elected to the Seventeenth Congress, defeating John Patterson by 650 votes, and re-elected to the Eighteenth, Nineteenth, and Twentieth Con gresses; was defeated as a Democratic candidate for the Twenty-first Congress by Richard Coke, jun. ; and died in New Kent County, Virginia, February 26, 1841. Bassett, Richard, was born in Delaware; re ceived a liberal education ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, arid practised ; was a delegate from Dela ware to the convention which framed the Constitu tion of the United States in the summer of 1787; was a United-States senator from Delaware, serving from March 4, 1789, to March 2, 1793; was a presi dential elector in 1797, voting for John Adams as President; was governor of Delaware 1798-1801 ; was United-States circuit judge 1801, 1802; died Sep tember, 1815. Bateman, Ephraim, was born at Cedarville, New Jersey, in 1770 ; received a public-school educa tion; studied medicine while a mechanic s appren tice, and practised at Cedarville; was a member of the State legislature; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Fourteenth Congress, as a Democrat, and was successively re-elected to the Fifteenth, Sixteenth, and Seventeenth Congresses, serving from December 4, 1815, until March 3, 1823; was elected to the council of the State legislature, and, as its president, gave in 1826 the casting vote which elected him against T. Frclinghuysen to the United-States Senate, as a Crawford Democrat (in the place of J. Mcllvaine, deceased). He served in the United-States Senate from December 7, 1826, until he resigned in January, 1829; died at Cedarville, NCAV Jersey, January 29, 1829. Bates, Edward, was born at Belmont, Gooch- land County, Virginia, September 4, 1793; received the rudiments of a liberal education at Charlotte- Hall Academy, Maryland, and obtained a midship man s warrant in 1812, but was prevented by his mother from going to sea; served as sergeant in the winter of 1812-1813 in the volunteer brigade raised for the defence of Norfolk; removed to St. Louis, where his elder brother was established, in 1814; studied law with Ruf us Easton ; was admitted to the bar in 1817, and commenced practice; was circuit prosecuting attorney in 1818; was a member of the convention which formed the State constitu tion in 1820; was State attorney-general in 1820; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1822; was United-States district attorney 1821-1826 ; was elected a representative from Missouri in the Twentieth Congress, as an Adams anti-Democrat, receiving 6,635 votes against 4,155 votes for John Sedt, Democrat, and serving from December 3, 1827, STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 275 to March 3, 1829; was defeated as the anti-Demo cratic candidate for the Twenty-first Congress; was a member of the State Senate in 1830, and of the State House of Representatives in 18:34; was a mem ber of the Internal Improvement Convention at Chicago in 1847; was offered a seat in the cabinet by President Fillmore, but declined it; was judge of the St. Louis Land Court 1853-1850; presided at the National Whig Convention at Baltimore in 1856; was attorney-general in President Lincoln s cabinet March, 1861-September, 1864; died at St. Louis March 25, 1869. Bates, Isaac C., was born at Granville, Massa chusetts, May 14, 1780; received a classical educa tion, graduating at Yale College in 1802; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at North ampton; was several years a member successively of the Executive Council, the State Senate, and the State House of Representatives ; was elected a repre sentative from Massachusetts in the Twentieth Con gress, as an anti-Jackson man, receiving 1,883 votes against 946 votes for Lathrop, Democrat, and 236 votes scattering; and was re-elected to the Twenty- first, Twenty-second, and Twenty-third Congresses, serving from December 3, 1827, to March 3, 18*3; declined a re-election; was a presidential elector from Massachusetts in 1837 and in 1841 ; was chosen United-States senator from Massachusetts (in place of John Davis, resigned on being elected governor), and serving from January, 1841, until his death at Washington City, March 16, 1845. Bates, James, was born in the State of Maine ; studied medicine; was licensed, and commenced practice; was a physician at the Augusta Insane Hospital ; removed to Norridgewock, where he paid great attention to the cultivation and improvement of a farm; edited " The Democratic Somerset Repub lican," established at Norridgewock June 10, 1828; was elected a representative from Maine in the Twenty-second Congress, serving from December 5, 1831, to March 3, 1833; was president of the Somer set-county Agricultural Society. Bates, James Woodson, was born in Gooch- land County, Virginia; removed to Arkansas Terri tory; was elected a delegate from there to the Six teenth Congress, and re-elected to the Seventeenth Congress, serving from March 2, 1820, to March 3, 1823; was appointed a judge of the Supreme Court of Arkansas; died at Van Buren, Arkansas, January 20, 1847. Bates, Martin W\, was born at Salisbury, Connecticut, February 24, 1787; received a liberal cdiication, and removed to Delaware at an early age ; taught school; studied medicine, and then studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Dover; was a member of the State Constitutional Convention of 1850; was elected a United-States sena tor from Delaware (to fill the vacancy caused by the death of John M. Clayton), as a Democrat, serving from December 6, 1858, to March 3, 1859; died at Dover, Delaware, January 1, 1869. Battle, Cullen Gr., was a Brcckinridge elector from Alabama in 1860; served in the Confederate army, attaining the rank of brigadier-general; was elected a representative from Alabama in the Thirty- ninth Congress, as a Conservative, defeating George F. Reese, but was not admitted to a seat. Baxter, Elisha, of Little Rock, was elected a United-States senator from Arkansas in 1864, but was not permitted to take his seat, on the ground that the State had not been legally reconstructed; was governor of Arkansas 1874, 1875. Baxter, Portus, was born at Brownington, Vermont; received an academic education; became a merchant; Avas a Scott presidential elector in 1852, and a Fremont elector in 1856; was elected a repre sentative from Vermont in the Thirty-seventh Con gress, as a Republican, receiving 8,326 votes against 2,588 votes for Chaffee, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, receiving 7,234 votes against 2,673 votes for Harrington, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiv ing 9,408 votes against 3,281 votes for Harrington, Democrat, serving from July 4, 1861, to March 3, 1867 ; died at Washington March 4, 1868. Bay, William V. N., was born in New York; received a public-school education; removed to Mis souri, and located at Union, Newton County; was elected a representative from Missouri in the Thirty- first Congress, as a Democrat, receiving 8,394 votes against 6,968 votes for Porter, Whig, and serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1851. Bayard, James Asheton (father of James A. Bayard and Richard H. Bayard, and grandfather of Thomas Francis Bayard), was born at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, July 28, 1767 ; received a classical edu cation, graduating at Princeton College in 1784; studied law under General Joseph Reed; was ad mitted to the bar, and practised at Wilmington, Delaware; was offered the mission to France by President Adams, and declined it; was elected a representative from Delaware in the Fifth Congress, as a Federalist, and was re-elected to the Sixth and Seventh Congresses, serving from May 15, 1797, to March 3, 1803; was elected a United-States senator from Delaware (in place of William Hill Wells, re signed), serving from January 15, 1805, to March 3, 1813; was appointed by President Madison one of the commission to negotiate peace with Great Britain ; resigned his seat in the Senate, and went to Europe in May, 1814 ; aided in negotiating the Treaty of Ghent in December, 1814; was commissioned minis ter to Russia February 28, 1815, but declined, although he expressed his willingness to negotiate a commer cial treaty with Great Britain. Compelled by a seri ous illness to return home, he arrived at Wilmington in June, and died there August 6, 1815. Bayard, James A. (son of James A. Bayard, and father of Thomas Francis Bayard), was born at Wilmington, Delaware, November 15, 1799; received a classical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Wilmington ; was elected a United-States senator from Delaware in 1851, as a Democrat (in the place of John Wales, Whig); was re-elected in 1857, and was again re-elected in 1863, serving from December 1, 1851, until his resignation January 30, 1864; was appointed a United-States senator, as a Democrat (to fill the vacancy occasioned by the death of Hon. George Read Riddle), and was subsequently elected for the unexpired term, serving from April 1, 1867, to March 3, 1869; was a delegate to the National Democratic Convention at New York in 1868. Bayard, John, was born in Cecil County, Mary land, August 11, 1738; received a liberal education; engaged in mercantile pursuits at Philadelphia; was many years a member of the Pennsylvania As sembly, serving several sessions as speaker; was a member of the Pennsylvania Committee of Safety; was major of the Second Battalion of Philadelphia Volunteers, which he commanded at the battle of Trenton ; was a delegate from Pennsylvania to the Continental Congress 1785-1787; removed in 1788 to New Brunswick, of which place he became mayor, and judge of the Court of Common Pleas. Bayard, Richard H., was born at Wilmington, Delaware, 1796; received a liberal education, gradu ating at Princeton College in 1814; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised; was elected a United-States senator, as a Whig (to fill a vacancy occasioned by the resignation of Arnold Naudin), and served from June 20, 1836, to September, 1839, when he resigned, to accept the appointment of chief justice of Delaware (in the place of John M. Clayton, resigned); was again elected to the United- States Senate, serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1845; was appointed chart/* d affaires to Belgium December 10, 1850, and served until Sep tember 12, 1853; died at Philadelphia March 4, 1868. CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Bayard, Thomas Francis (grandson of James A. Bayard, and son of James A. Bayard), was born at Wilmington, Delaware, October ^9, 1828; was chiefly educated at the Flushing School, established by Kev. Dr. F. L. Hawks; and, although his early training was for a mercantile life, he studied and adopted the profession of law. He came to the bar in 1851 ; and excepting the years 1855 and 1856, when he resided in Philadelphia, he h;;s always practised in his native city. In 1853 he was appointed United- States district attorney for Delaware, but resigned in 1854; was elected United-States senator from Delaware, as a Democrat, to succeed James A. Bay ard (his father) ; took his seat March 4, 1869, and was re-elected in 1875. His term of service will ex pire March 3, 1881. Bayard, W^illiam, was a native of New York; was a member of the Assembly in 1764; was a dele gate from New York to the Colonial Congress which met at New York October 7, 1765. Bayley, Thomas, was born in Somerset County, Maryland ; received a classical education, graduating at Princeton College in 1794 ; was elected a represen tative from Maryland in the Fifteenth Congress ; and was re-elected to the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Congresses, serving from December 1, 1817, to March 3, 1823. Bayley, Thomas Henry (son of Thomas M. Bayly), was born at the ancestral homestead in Accoruac County, Virginia, December 11, 1810; received a classical education, graduating at the University of Virginia; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1830, and commenced practice; was a member of the State Assembly 1835-1840, resigning on being elected judge of the Circuit Court; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Twenty- eighth Congress, as a Democrat (to fill a vacancy occasioned by the resignation of Henry A. Wise), receiving a majority of 75 over Carter, Whig, and was successively re-elected, without opposition, to the Twenty-ninth, Thirtieth, Thirty-first, Thirty- second, Thirty-third, and Thirty-fourth Congresses, serving from May 6, 1844, until his death, at his home in Accomac Co_unty, June 23, 1856. Baylies, Francis (brother of William Baylies), was born at Taunton, Massachusetts, October 16, 1783; received an academic education; studied law with his brother, William Baylies; was admitted to the bar, and practised; was register of probate for Bristol County 1812-1820; was elected a represen tative from Massachusetts in the Seventeenth Con gress, receiving 100 majority over Marcus Morton, and was re-elected to the Eighteenth Congress, and to the Nineteenth Congress on the second trial, de feating Hodges, serving from December 3, 1821, to March 3, 1827 ; commissioned chargtf d affaires to the Argentine Republic January 3, 1832, and received his passports September 3, 1832; died at Taunton, Massachusetts, October 28, 1852. Baylies, \Villiam (brother of Francis Baylies), was born at Taunton, Massachusetts, October 16, 1783; studied law with Seth Padelford at Taunton; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at West Bridgewater; was a member of the State legis lature 1808-1809, 1812-1813, 1820-1821, 1830-1831, and of the State Senate 1825-1826; was elected a representative from Massachusetts to the Eleventh Congress, as a War Democrat, and took his seat in May, 1809 (but the House declared his opponent, Charles Turner, jun., Peace candidate, to have been elected at a previous election, which the governor of Massachusetts had declared void, and gave Turner the seat June 28, 1809); was again elected to the Thirteenth Congress, as a Democrat, and re-elected to the Fourteenth Congress, serving from May 24, 1813, to March 3, 1817; was again elected to the Twenty-third Congress, as a Democrat, receiving 2,447 votes of the 5,087 votes cast, serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1835 ; was defeated as the Whig candidate for election to the Twenty- fourth Congress, receiving 3,684 votes against 4,400 votes for Borden, Democrat; died at Taunton, Sep tember 27, 1865. Baylor, R. E. B., was elected a representative from Alabama in the Twenty-first Congress, receiv ing a large majority over Barton and Ellis, and serving from December 7, 1829, to March 3, 1831. Bayly, Thomas M. (father of Thomas Henry Bayley), was born at the ancestral home in Accomac County, Virginia, September 2, 1775; received a classical education, graduating at Princeton Col lege in 1794; entered public life in 1798 as a Demo crat, and served several years in each of the two houses of the State legislature; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Thirteenth Con gress, as a Democrat, serving from May 24, 1813, to March 3, 1815 ; was afterwards several times elected to the State legislature, and enjoyed the confidence of his constituents during many agitated political phases, never having lost an election, and rarely ever having one closely contested; died in Accomac County, Virginia, January 6, 1834. Bayne, Thomas M., was defeated as the Re publican candidate from the Pittsburg district in the Forty-fourth Congress, receiving 4,996 votes against 5,256 votes for Alexander G. Cochrane, Democrat, and 2,803 votes for A. Purviance, Inde pendent Democrat ; was elected a representative from. Pennsylvania in the Forty-fifth Congress, as a Repub lican, receiving 12,506 votes against 8,326 votes for A. G. Cochrane, Democrat, and 151 votes for Thomas H. Rabe, Prohibitionist, serving from December 6, 1875. Beach, Samuel Fergurson, of Alexandria, Virginia, claimed to have been elected a representa tive from Virginia in the Thirty-seventh Congress, as a Republican, receiving 138 votes against 11 votes for C. B. Shirley, Democrat ; but the House decided that he was not entitled to a seat. Beale, Charles L., was born at Canaan, New York, March 5, 1824; received a classical education, graduating at Union College in 1844; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 18-19, and commenced practice at Kinderhook, New York; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-sixth Congress, as a Republican, receiving 10,750 votes against 8,385 votes for McClellan, Democrat, and serving from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 1861 ; was defeated as the Republican candidate for the Thirty-seventh Congress, receiving 9,512 votes against 10,712 votes for Nelson, Democrat ; was a presiden tial elector on the Lincoln and Johnson ticket in 1864; was a delegate to the National Union Conven tion at Philadelphia in 18G6. Beale, James M. H., was born in Virginia; resided at Point Pleasant; was elected a representa tive from Virginia in the Twenty-third Congress, receiving 1,638 votes against 1,156 votes for Steele, and was re-elected to the Twenty-fourth Congress without opposition, serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1837; was again elected to the Thirty- first Congress, as a Democrat, receiving 4,310 votes against 4,094 votes for McComas, Whig; and was re- elected to the Thirty-second Congress, receiving 4,010 votes against 2,813 votes for Smith, Whig, and serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1853, having declined being a candidate for re-election. Beale, Richard L. T., was born at Hickory Hill, Westmoreland County, Virginia, May 22, 1819; received a classical education, partly at Dickinson College; studied law, graduating at the law school of the University of Virginia; was admitted to the bar in 1839, and commenced practice ; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Thirtieth Con gress, as a Democrat, receiving 2,116 votes against 1,963 votes for Newton, Whig, and serving from December 6, 1847, to March 3, 1849; declined a re election to Congress; was a delegate to the State Reform Convention in 1850; was a member of the State Senate in 1857 ; entered the cavalry arm of the STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 277* Confederate forces, and was successively promoted, until in February, 18(i5, he commanded a brigade ir Lee s cavalry division, Army of Northern Virginia, composed of the Ninth, Tenth, Thirteenth, and Fourteenth Virginia Cavalry Regiments. Beall, Reazin, was born in Pennsylvania August 10, 1770; was appointed ensign in the United-States array March 7, 1792, and battalion quartermaster 1793; served under General Wayne in his campaigns against the Indians; located at Wooster, Ohio; was brigadier-general of volunteers in 1812; occupied several local positions ; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirteenth Congress, serving from May 24, 1813, to November, 1814, when he resigned ; died at Wooster, Ohio, February 20, 1843. Beaman, Fernando C., was born at Chester, Vermont, June 28, 1814; received an academic edu cation; studied and practised law; was prosecuting attorney for Lcnawec County six years; was judge of probate four years; was presidential elector in 185(5; was elected a representative from Michigan in the Thirty-seventh Congress, as a Republican, re ceiving 19,173 votes against 12,099 votes for Coff en- berry, Democrat ; was re-elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, receiving 13,400 votes against 13,208 votes for Penniman, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiving 17,906 votes against 15,592 votes for Noble, Democrat; was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, receiving 17,139 votes against 13,443 votes for Chipman, Democrat; and was re- elected to the Forty-tirst Congress, receiving 22,197 votes against 20,595 votes for Mills, Democrat, serv ing from July 3, 18(51, to March 3, 1871. Bean, Benning M M was born in New Hamp shire in 1782; received a public-school education; was for five years a member of the State legislature, and was president of the State Senate in 1832; was a member of the Executive Council in 1829; was elected a representative from New Hampshire in the Twenty- third Congress; and was re-elected to the Twenty- fourth Congress, serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1837. Beardsley, Samuel, was born in Otsego Coun ty, New York; received an academic education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Rome; was a member of the State Senate in 1822, resigning to be chosen first judge of Oneida County ; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-second Congress, as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty-third and Twenty-fourth Congresses, serving from December 5, 1831, until July 4, 183(3, when he resigned to accept the appoint ment of circuit judge; was attorney-general of the State of New York in 183(5; was again elected to the Twenty-eighth Congress, serving from December 4, 1843, to March G, 1844, when he resigned to accept the position of associate judge of the Supreme Court; was made chief justice in 1847, but declined a new term of sendee under the new constitution ; died at Utica, New York, May 6, 18GO. Beatty, John, was born in Bucks County, Penn sylvania, December 10, 1749; received a classical edu cation, graduating at Princeton in 17G9; studied medicine under Dr. Hush at Philadelphia, and was admitted to practice ; entered the Revolutionary army in 177G, and had attained the rank of lieutenant- colonel when he was made prisoner at the surrender of Fort Washington; after having been exchanged, was appointed commissary-general of prisoners, with the rank of colonel, May 28, 1778; resigned March 31, 1780, and commenced the practice of medicine at Trenton, New Jersey; was a delegate from New Jer sey to the Continental Congress, serving from Janu ary 13, 1784, to June 3, 1784, and from November 11, 1784, to November 7, 1785 ; was a member of the State Convention that adopted the Federal Constitution; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Third Congress, serving from December 2, 1793, to March 3, 1795 ; was secretary of state of New Jersey 1795-1805 ; was several years elected to the State Sen ate and House of Representatives, serving twice as speaker of the House; was president of the Trenton Bank 1815-2G; and died at Trenton, New Jersey, May 30, 1826. Beatty, John, was born near Sandusky City, Ohio, December 10, 1828; received a good English education; engaged in the business of banking; was a Republican presidential elector in 18GO ; volunteered as a private in the Third Ohio Infantry at the begin ning of the war for the suppression of the Rebellion, and was appointed lieutenant-colonel in 1861; took part in several battles in West Virginia ; was promoted colonel in 18G2, and was conspicuous in campaigns in the South-West; commanded a regiment at Perryville and a brigade at Stone River; was commissioned brigadier-general in 1863, and commanded a brigade at Tallahoma, Chickamauga, and Marion Ridge ; wat. elected a representative from Ohio in the Fortieth Congress (for the unexpircd term of C. S. Hamilton, deceased); was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress, as a Republican, receiving 12,193 votes against 11,250 votes for Benson, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress, receiving 10,610 votes against 9,441 votes for James R. Hubbell, Democrat, and 312 votes for Lindsey, Prohibitionist, serving from February 5, 18G8, to March 3, 1871. Beaty, Martin, was a native of Kentucky, and was elected a representative from that State in the Twenty-third Congress, as a Whig, defeating Gaither and T. J. Marshall, and serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1835; was defeated as a Whig can didate for the Twenty-fourth Congress by Sherrod Williams, Whig- died at South Fork, Kentucky. Beatty, William, was born in Ireland ; received a public-school education; settled at Butler, Penn sylvania; held several local offices; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in tfic Twenty-fifth Congress, as a Van Buren Democrat; and was re- elected to the Twenty-sixth Congress, receiving 5,978 votes against 3,617 votes for Smith, Whig, serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1841. Beaumont, Andrew, was born in Pennsyl vania; received a public -school education; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-third Congress, as a Democrat ; was re-elected to the Twenty-fourth Congress, defeating Shoemaker, Whig, serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1837; was appointed by President Polk commissioner of public buildings at Washington, and served from November 5, 1846, to March 3, 1847; and died at Wilkesbarre, Pennsylvania, October 30, 1853. Beck, Erasmus W., was born at McDonough, Georgia, October 21, 1833; received a classical edxica- tion, graduating at Mercer University; studied law: was admitted to the bar in 1856, and commenced practice at Griffin, Georgia; never was a candidate for or held any public office until he was elected a representative from Georgia in the Forty-second Con gress, as a Democrat (to fill the vacancy occasioned by the death of Thomas J. Speer), receiving 9,290 votes against 5,858 votes for Green, Republican, and serving from December 2, 1872, to March 3, 1873. Beck, James B., was born in Dumfriesshire, Scotland, February 13, 1822; received an academic education in Scotland ; immigrated with his parents to Lexington, Kentucky; entered the law school of Transylvania University; graduated in 1840, and has since practised at Lexington; was elected a repre sentative from Kentucky in the Fortieth Congress, as a Democrat, receiving 9,716 votes against 1,<564 votes for Brown, Republican, and 1,388 votes for Hanson; was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress, receiving 13,019 votes against 2, 373 votes forEginton, Republican ; was re-elected to the Forty-second Con gress, receiving 14,312 votes against 10,912 votes for Brown, Republican ; and was re-elected to the Forty- third Congress, receiving 13,978 votes against 6,322 votes for Trabue, Republican, serving from Decem- 3er 3, 1867, to March 3, 1875 ; was elected a United- States senator from Kentucky, as a Democrat (iu 278 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. place of J. W. Stevenson, Democrat), for six years from March 4, 1877; was appointed in May, 1870, a member of the commission to define the Virginia and Maryland boundary (in the place of Ex-Governor Gra ham of North Carolina, deceased). Bedford, Gunning, was born at Philadelphia; received a public-school education; served as lieuten ant in the French war of 1755 ; entered the Revolu tionary army as major March 20, 1775; was lieu tenant-colonel in Haslet s regiment January 19, 1770; was wounded at the battle of White Plains, and was appointed mustermaster-general June 18, 1770 ; was a delegate from Delaware to the old Con gress 1783-1785; was elected governor of DelaAvare in 1790; and died while in office, at Newcastle, Dela ware, September 30, 1797. Bedford, Gunning, jun. (cousin of Gunning Bedford), was born at Philadelphia in 1747; received a classical education, graduating at Princeton College in 1771; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Dover, Delaware, removing afterwards to Wilmington; was a member of the State House of Representatives ; was attorney-general of Delaware; was a delegate from Delaware in the Continental Congress, serving from March 10, 1783, to November, 1780; was a member of the Federal Constitutional Convention ; was a presidential elector in 1789 and in 1793; was appointed by President Washington United-States judge for the district of Delaware in 1789, and occupied the position until he died at Wilmington, Delaware, March 30, 1812. Bedinger, George Michael, was born in Virginia, and was one of the earliest emigrants to Kentucky; served as adjutant in the expedition against Chillicothe in 1779, as major at the battle of Blue Licks in 1782, as major in Darke s regiment in 1791, as major commanding the Winchester battalion of sharpshooters in the St. Clair expedition 1791, and as major commanding the third sub-legion of United-States infantry from April 11, 1792, to Febru ary 28, 1793 ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1795; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Eighth Congress ; and was re- elected to the Ninth Congress, serving from October 17, 1803, to March 3, 18J7; and died at the Lower Blue Licks, Kentucky, about 1830. Bedinger, Henry, was born near Shepherds- town, Virginia, in 1810; received a classical educa tion ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar in 1832, and commenced practice at Shcpherdstown; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Twenty- ninth Congress, as a Democrat, and was re-elected to the Thirtieth Congress, serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1849; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Thirty-first Congress, receiving 2,181 votes against 2,533 votes for Faulkner, Whig; was appointed charge d affaires to Denmark May 24, 1853, and minister resident June 29, 1854, serving until August 10, 1858; returned home; and died near Shepherdstown, Virginia, November 20, 1858. Bee, Thomas, was born in the province of South Carolina in 1729; received a classical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and com menced practice ; was a member of the State House of Representatives of South Carolina; was a member of the Royal Privy Council ; took an active part in the Revolution, and was a member of the Council of Safety; was lieutenant-governor of South Carolina; was a delegate from South Carolina to the Continental Congress 1780-1782; was judge of the United-States Court for the district of South Carolina; published in 1810 "Reports of the District Courts of South Caro lina." Beebe, George M., was born at Mount Vernon, New York, October 28, 1830 ; received an academic education; studied law at the Law University at Albany; graduated in 1857, and commenced practice; removed to Kansas in 1859; was a member of the Territorial Council, secretary of the treasury, and acting governor; removed to Nevada in 1803; was appointed collector of internal revenue, but declined; returned to Monticello, New York, and edited " The Republican Watchman;" was president of the State Democratic Conventions of New York in 1873 and 1874; was elected a representative from New York in. the Forty-fourth Congress, as a Democrat, receiving 14,518 votes against 11,220 votes for Everett, Repub lican ; and was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 17,732 votes against 14,000 votes for Halsted Sweet, serving from December 0, 1875. Beecher, Philemon, was born at New Haven, Connecticut, in 1775 ; received a classical education ; studied law, and was admitted to practice ; removed to Ohio, and became noted as a successful law pre ceptor; was deputy grand master of Masons of Ohio; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Fif teenth Congress, as a Federalist, and was re-elected to the Sixteenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1817, to March 3, 1821 ; was defeated as a candidate for the Seventeenth Congress by David Chambers ; was again elected to the Eighteenth Congress, defeating D. Chambers 500 votes ; was re-elected to the Nine teenth and Twentieth Congresses, serving from De cember 1, 1823, to March 3, 1829; was defeated as a candidate for the Twenty-first Congress by W. W. Irwin, who received 1,100 majority; died at Lan caster, Chio, November 30, 1839. Beekman, Thomas, was a native of New York, and was elected a representative from New York in the Twentieth Congress, serving from December 3, 1827, to March 3, 1829. Beers, Cyrus, was born in the city of New York ; received a public-school education; was elected to the Twenty-fifth Congress, as a Democrat (to fill the vacancy occasioned by the death of Andrew D. W. Bruyn, deceased), serving from December 3, 1838, to March 3, 1839. Beeson, Henry W., was born in Pennsylvania; received a public-school education; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty- seventh Congress, as a Democrat, serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1843. Begole, Josiah W., was born at Grovcland, New York, January 20, 1815; received a public- school education; removed to Genesee County, Michigan, then an unbroken wilderness, in August, 1830; taught district school during the winters of 1837 and 1838 ; commenced work as a farmer March 15, 1839, and followed that occupation until 1850; was elected county treasurer four successive terms from 1850 to 1804; commenced the lumbering busi ness in 1863; was elected to the State Senate in 1871 ; was a member of the Board of Aldermen for the city of Flint for three years; was a delegate to the Na tional Republican Convention at Philadelphia in 1872; and was elected a representative from Michigan in the Forty-third Congress, as a Republican, receiv ing 19,470 votes against 13,994 votes for A. C. Baldwin, Democrat, serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1875. Beirne, Andrew, was born in Ireland; immi grated to Virginia, and settled at Union, Monroe County; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Twenty-fifth Congress, as a Van Buren Demo crat, defeating Andre wDonelly, Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-sixth Congress, receiving 2,745 votes against 1,721 votes for P. B. Wetherel, Whig, and serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1841. Belcher, Hiram, was born at Augusta, Maine (then Massachusetts), June 10, 1790; received a classical education at Hallowell Academy; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice at Augusta in 1812; was for several years a member of the State House of Representatives ; was elected a representative from Maine in the Thirtieth Congress, as a Whig, receiving 5,087 votes against 3,487 votes for Cutter, Democrat, and serving from December 0, 1847, to March 3, 1849; died at Augusta, Maine, May 7, 1857. Belcher, Nathan, was born at Griswold, Con- STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 279 necticut, June 23, 1813; received a classical educa tion, graduating at Amherst College in 1832; studied law at the Cambridge Law School ; was admitted to the bar in 1830, and commenced practice at Clinton, Connecticut; removed to New London in 1841; relinquished the practice of law, and became a manu facturer; was a member of the State House of Repre sentatives in 184(5 and 1847, and of the State Senate in 1850 ; was a presidential elector on the Pierce and King ticket in 1852; was elected a representative from Connecticut in the Thirty-third Congress, as a Democrat, serving from December 5. 1853, to March 3, 1855. Belden, George O., was born in the city of New York; received a public-school education; was elected a representative from New York in the Twen tieth Congress, and served from December 3, 1827, to March 3, 1829. Belford, James B., was born at Lewistown, Pennsylvania, September 28, 1837; was educated at Dickinson College ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar; removed to the Territory of Colorado in 1870, having been appointed a justice of the Terri torial Supreme Court, and held that office until elected a representative from Colorado, as a Repub lican, receiving 13,308 votes against 12,310 votes for Thomas M. Patterson, Democrat; was elected at the same time to the Forty-iiftli Congress, receiving a majority of 1,038 over Thomas M. Patterson (who claimed that he was subsequently legally elected at an election held on the 7th of November), and serv ing from January 31, 1877, when he was admitted to his seat by the House. Bell, Hiram, was born in Vermont; received a public-school education; removed to Greenville, Ohio; was elected a representative from that State in the Thirty-second Congress, as a Whig, receiving 8,014 votes against 5,181 votes for John A. Corwin, and serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1853; died at Greenville, Ohio, December 21, 1855. Bell, Hiram P., was born in Jackson County, Georgia, January 27, 1827; received an academic edu cation; taught school for two years, during which time he read law ; and was admitted to the bar No vember 28, 1849; has since practised at dimming, Georgia; was defeated as a candidate for presidential elector on the Bell and Everett ticket in 1860; was elected a member of the Secession Convention with out opposition in 1801, and opposed the secession ordinance; was a commissioner from Georgia to solicit the co-operation of Tennessee in the forma tion of a Southern Confederacy; was a member of the State Senate in 1801, and resigned to remain in the Confederate army, which he entered in March, 1802, as captain, and was promoted lieutenant-colonel and colonel of the Forty-third Georgia Regiment; was dangerously wounded at the battle of Chickasaw Bayou, Mississippi, December 29, 1802; was a mem ber of the Second Confederate Congress in 1804, 1865; was a United-States presidential elector on the Sey mour and Blair ticket in 1808; was a member of the State Democratic Executive Committee 1808-1871; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Forty-third Congress, as a Democrat, receiving 7,168 votes against 4, 168 votes forDarrall, Republican, and serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1875; was a delegate to the National Democratic Conven tion at St. Louis that nominated Tilden and Hen- dricks; was chosen a member from the State at large of the Democratic National Executive Com mittee; was again elected a representative from Georgia in the Forty-fifth Congress (to fill the vacancy caused by the election of Benjamin II. Hill to the United-States Senate), as a Democrat, receiving 5, 173 votes against 3,734 votes for Emory Speer, Independ ent Democrat, and 1,014 votes for Martin R. Archer, Republican. Bell, James (son of Samuel Bell), was born at Fraucistown, Hillsborough County, New Hampshire, November 13, 1804; received a classical education, graduating at Bowdoin College in 1822 ; studied law at the Litchfield Law School; was admitted to the bar in 1825, and commenced practice at Gilmanton, New Hampshire; removed in 1831 to Exeter, and thence in 1840 to Guilford; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1840 ; was a dele gate to the State Constitutional Convention in 1850; Wc-vs defeated as the Whig candidate for governor in 1854 and 1855; was elected a United-States senator from New Hampshire, as a Whig (by a coalition with the friends of John P. Hale), serving from December 3, 1855, to his death at Laconia, New Hampshire (whither he had gone from Washington to recruit his health), May 20, 1857. Bell, James M., was born in Ohio; received a public-school education; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Twenty-third Congress, as a Clay Democrat, serving from December 2, 1833, to March o ioor O, loOO. Bell, John, was born near Nashville, Tennessee, February 15, 1797; received a classical education, graduating at the University of Nashville in 1814; studied law ; was admitted to the bar in 1810, and com menced practice at Franklin, Tennessee; was elected to the State Senate in 1817; declined re-election, and became eminent in his profession; was elected a rep resentative from Tennessee in the Twentieth Con gress, receiving a majority of 1,010 votes over Felix Grundy, both Democrats; and was successively re- elected to the Twenty-first, Twenty-second, Twenty- third, Twenty-fourth, and Twenty-fifth Congresses, as a Whig, presiding as speaker the second session of the Twenty-third Congress, and serving from December 7, 1829, until March 3, 1841 ; was appointed in 1841 secretary of war by President Harrison, but resigned October 12, 1841 ; was elected to the State House of Representatives of Tennessee in 1847 ; was elected to the United-States Senate, as a Whig, serving from December 0, 1847, until March 3, 1859; was nominat ed for President, with Edward Everett for Vice-Pres ident, and defeated; became concerned in large iron works at Chattanooga; and died at his home, near Cumberland River, near Nashville, September 10, 1809. Bell, John, of Fremont, Ohio, was elected a rep resentative from that State in the Thirty-first Con gress (to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Amos E. Wood), as a Whig, receiving 8,014 votes against 7,088 votes for Holt, Democrat, serving from January 7, 1851, to March 3, 1851. Bell, JoshuaF., was born in Kentucky; received a public-school education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Danville, Ken tucky; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Twenty-ninth Congress, as a Whig, receiving 0,044 votes against 5,965 votes for Caldwell, Democrat, and serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1847; declined a re-election; was appointed secretary of state of Kentucky in July, 1849, in the place of Or lando Brown, resigned; was a delegate from Ken tucky to the Peace Convention of 1861 ; was a mem ber of the State House of Representatives in 1805; died in Kentucky, August 20, 1870. Bell, Peter Hansbrough, was born in Virgin ia; received a public-school education ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar; removed to Texas; was captain of Texas Volunteer Rangers 1845-1840 ; served in the Mexican war as lieutenant-colonel of mount ed volunteers ; was colonel of a Texas volunteer regiment raised for frontier defence in 1848-1849; resumed practice ; was governor of Texas 1849-1853 ; was elected a representative from Texas in the Thirty-third Congress, as a Democrat, receiving 7,750 votes against 2,401 votes for Caruthers, Whig, 3,911 for Scurry, Democrat, 3,052 for Lewis, Democrat, and 1,429 for Blake, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress, receiving 14,379 votes against 9,496 votes for Hancock, American, serving from De cember 5, 1853, to March 3, 1857; was judge of the Supreme Court of Texas. 280 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Bell, Samuel, was born at Londonderry, New Hampshire, February 9, 1770; received a classical education, graduating at Dartmouth College in 1793; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1796, and commenced practice at Chester, New Hampshire; was a member of the State legislature in 1804-1808, serving as speaker; and was State senator in 1807- 1808; was a State councillor in 1809; was judge of the State Supreme Court in 1816-1819; was governor of New Hampshire 1819-1823; was elected to the Unit ed-States Senate, and re-elected, serving from March 4, 1823, until March 3, 1S35. He died at Chester, New Hampshire, December 23, 1850. Bell, Samuel N., was born at Chester, New Hampshire, March 25, 1829; graduated at Dartmouth College, New Hampshire, in 1847; studied law, and practised at Manchester; was elected a representative from New Hampshire in the Forty-second Congress, as a Democrat, receiving 11,404 votes against 10,526 votes for A. F. Stevens, Republican, and 202 votes for W. H. Gove, Labor Reform, and scattering; and was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Congress, re ceiving 13,084 votes against 12,930 votes for Austin S. Pike, Republican, and 204 scattering, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1875; was appointed chief justice of the Supreme Court of New Hampshire. Bellows, Benjamin, was born at Walpole, New Hampshire, October 6, 1740; was elected town-clerk when nineteen years of age, and was successively elected until 1776 ; was a member of the Colonial and afterward of the State legislature, State senator, and State councillor; was appointed a delegate from New Hampshire to the Continental Congress in 1781, but his business engagements forced him to decline; was a member of the State Convention that ratified the Federal Constitution in 1788; was president of the electoral college of New Hampshire which voted for Washington in 1789, and a member of the electoral college which voted for John Adams in 1797; in the Colonial and State militia he rose from the grade of corporal to the rank of brigadier-general, serving during the Revolutionary war as colonel. He died at Walpole in June, 1802. Bellinger, Joseph, was born in South Carolina, and was a presidential elector from that State on the Madison and Clinton ticket; was elected a representa tive from South Carolina in the Fifteenth Congress, defeating Joseph Chappell and John C. Allen, serving from December 1, 1817, to April 20, 1818. Belser, James B., was born in North Carolina; received a public-school education ; learned a trade ; removed to Montgomeiy, Alabama, where he studied law, and was admitted to the bar; was elected clerk of the county court, and subsequently county soli citor; was elected a representative from Alabama in the Twenty-eighth Congress, as a Democrat, receiving 4,177 votes against 3,881 votes for J. W. A. Pcttit, Whig, serving from December 6, 1841, to March 3, 1843, and declining a re-election; in 1848 he was among those Alabama Democrats who espoused the cause of General Taylor for the presidency ; he was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1853 and in 1855; and died at Montgomery, Alabama, Jan uary 16, 1859. Benedict, Charles B., was born at Attica, New York, February 7, 1828; received a common-school and academic education ; studied law, and was admit ted to the bar in 1856; engaged in the business of banking at Attica in May, 1860 ; was for five years a member of the board of supervisors of Wyoming Coun ty ; was a member of the Democratic State Commit tee in 1875 ; was a presidential elector on the Tilden and Hendricks ticket in 1876; and was elected a rep resentative from New York in the Forty-fifth Con gress, as a Democrat, receiving 12,251 votes against 11,847 votes for George G. Hoskin, Republican, and 2,327 votes for Thomas T. Flugler, Republican. Benjamin, John P., was born at Cicero, New York, January 23, 1817 ; received a public-school ed ucation; removed to Texas, where he passed three years, and thence to Missouri ; sttidied law, was ad mitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Shelby- ville in 1848; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1850 and 1852; was a presidential elector on the Buchanan ticket in 1856 ; entered tho Union army in 1861 as a cavalry private, and was subsequently promoted captain, major, lieutenant- colonel, and brigadier-general; was provost-marshal of the eighth district of Missouri in 1863 and 1864; was a delegate to the National Democratic Conven tion at Baltimore in 1864; was elected a representa tive from Missouri in the Thirty-ninth Congress, as a Radical, receiving 8,536 votes against 2,978 votes for Glover, Conservative ; was re-elected to the For tieth Congress, receiving 7,601 votes against 6,069 votes for Glover, Conservative ; was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress, receiving 8,954 votes against 7,348 vote for Williams, Democrat, and serving from December 4, 1865, to March 3, 1869; practised law and prosecuted claims at Washington City until his death there, March 8, 1877. Benjamin, Judah Peter, was born in St. Do mingo in 1812, and Avas brought to Savannah by his parents in 1816; received a liberal education, and en tered Yale College, but left, without graduating, in 1827 ; removed to New Orleans in 1831 ; taught school ; was a notary s clerk ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar in 1831, and commenced practice; was a member of the State Constitutional Convention in 1845; was elected United-States senator in 1853 as a Whig, and re-elected in 1859 as a Conservative, serving from March 4, 1853, until he resigned, February 4, 1861 ; was appointed attorney-general of the Southern Con federacy February 21, 1861; was expelled from the United-States Senate March 14, 1861; was appointed in August, 1861, acting secretary of war of the South ern Confederacy, and was secretary of war from November 10, 1861, until February 7, 1862, when he was appointed secretary of state ; removed to Great Britain, and became a member of the bar at London, receiving the appointment of queen s counsel for Lancaster, and enjoying a lucrative practice. Bennet, Benjamin, was born in 1762; received a public-school education; studied theology, and was ordained as a Baptist minister at Middletown, New Jersey; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Fourteenth Congress, and was re-elected to the Fifteenth Congress, serving from January 15, 1816, to March 3, 1819; died at Middletown, New Jersey, October 8, 1840. Bennett, David S., was elected a representa tive from New York in the Forty-first Congress, as a Republican, receiving 16,004 votes against 14,293 votes for Verplanck, Democrat, and serving from March 4, 1869, to March 3, 1871. Bennett, Henry, was born at New Lisbon, New York, September 29, 1808; received a public-school education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1832, and commenced practice at New Berlin, New York ; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-first Congress, as a Whig, receiving 8,014 votes against 6,394 votes for Mason, Cass Democrat, and 2,839 votes for Smith, Van Buren. Democrat ; was re-elected to the Thirty-second Con gress, receiving 9,170 votes against 8,191 votes for Taylor, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty- third Congress, receiving 9,876 votes against 9,534 votes for Smith, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress, receiving 9,757 votes against 5,579 votes for Tompkins, Hard Democrat, and 2,077 votes for Crocker, Soft Democrat ; and was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, as a Republican, receiv ing 13,359 votes against 8,192 votes for Hyde, Demo crat, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1859. Bennett, Henry S., was born in Williamson County, Tennessee, Marcli7, 1807; received a public- school education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Mississippi in 1830; was circuit judge 1846-1854; was elected STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 281 a representative in Congress from Mississippi in the Thirty-fourth Congress, as a Democrat, receiv ing 5,930 votes against 5,554 votes for Houston, Democrat, and serving from December 3, 1855. to March 3, 1857. Bennett, Hiram P., was born at Carthage, Maine, September 2, 1826; received a public-schoo education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Western Iowa, where he was elected judge of the Circuit Court in 1852 ; re moved into Nebraska Territory in 1854, and was that year elected a member of the territorial council, was elected to the State House of Representatives in 1858, and chosen speaker; removed to Colorado Ter ritory in 1850, and was elected its delegate in the Thirty-seventh Congress; was re-elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, as a Conservative Repub lican, receiving 3,065 votes against 2,754 votes for Francisco, Democrat, and 2,312 votes for Gilpin, Whig, and serving from December 2, 1861, until March 3, 18(55 ; was appointed secretary of state of Colorado in March, 1867. Bennett, Thomas W., was born in Union County, Indiana, February 16, 1831; was educated at the Indiana Asbury University, where he gradu ated at the Law School in July, 1854, and com menced practice ; was elected to the Indiana State Senate in 1858, and resigned in 1861 to enter the Union army; was commissioned a captain in the Fifteenth Regiment Indiana Volunteers in April, 1861, major of the Thirty-sixth Regiment, Septem ber, 1861, colonel of the Sixty-ninth Regiment in August, 1862, and was appointed brigadier-general in March, 1865 ; was again elected to the State Senate in October, 1864, serving until March, 1867; was elected mayor of the city of Richmond, Indiana, May, 1809, serving two years ; was appointed govern or of Idaho Territory in September, 1871, serving until December 4, 1875, when he resigned upon regarding himself as elected to the Forty-fourth Congress as an Independent candidate; but the House gave the seat to his opponent, S. S. Fenn, Democrat, serving from December 6, 1875, to June 23, 1876. Benson, Egbert, was born in New- York City, June 21, 1746; received a classical education, gradu ating at Columbia College in 1765; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at New York; was a prominent member of the Revolutionary Committee of Safety; was appointed in 1777 the first attorney-general of New York; was a member of the first State legislature in 1777; was one of the three commissioners to direct the embarkation of the Tory refugees for the loyal British provinces in 1783; was a delegate from New York to the Continental Congress, serving from 1784 to 1788; was elected a representative from New York in the First Congress, and was re-elected to the Second Congress, serving from April 9, 1789, to March 3, 1793; was regent of the New- York University 1789-1802; was judge of the Supreme Court of New York 1784-1801; was judge of the United-States Circuit Court; was again elected to the Thirteenth Congress on the " Peace and Commerce ticket," serving from May 24, 1813, until he resigned, August 2, 1813; was the first president of the New- York Historical Society; and died at Jamaica, Long Island, August 24, 1833. He wrote and published "Vindication of the Captors of Major Andre" in 1817, and "Memoir on Dutch Names of Places " in 1835. Benson, Samuel P., was born at Winthrop, Maine; received a classical education, graduating at Bowdoin College in 1825 ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Winthrop; was a member of the State legislature of Maine 1834-1S36; was secretary of state of Maine 1838- 1841 ; was elected a representative from Maine in the Thirty-third Congress, as a Whig, receiving 8,708 votes against 5,433 votes for Porter, Democrat, and 1,580 votes for May, Free-Soil ; was re-elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress as a Republican, receiv ing 11,610 votes against 3,467 votes for Rogers, Democrat, serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1857 ; resumed practice, and was appointed one of the overseers of Bowdoin College. Benton, Charles S., was born and raised in Maine; removed to Mohawk, New York; was elected a representative from that State in the Twenty- eighth Congress, as a Democrat, receiving 6,750 votes against 4,870 for Frey, Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-ninth Congress, receiving 7,691 votes against 5,706 votes for Alexander, Whig, and serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1847. Benton, Jacob, was born at Waterford, Ver mont, August 14, 1819; received an academic edu cation ; engaged in teaching for several years ; studied law ; and was admitted to the bar in 1843, and com menced practice at Lancaster, New Hampshire ; was a member of the State legislature in 1854, 1855, and 1856; was a delegate to the National Republican Convention in 1860; was brigadier-general, com manding the State volunteers; was elected to the Fortieth Congress, as a Republican, receiving 11,294 votes against 10,246 for Bingham, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Forty-h rst Congress, serving from March 4, 1867, to March 3, 1871. Benton, Lemuel, was born in South Carolina; received a classical education ; was elected a repre sentative from South Carolina to the Third Congress ; and was re-elected to the Fourth and Fifth Con gresses, sen-ing from June 9, 1794, to March 3, 1799. He was prevented, by indisposition in his family, from taking his seat in the Fourth Congress until the last day of the first session, six months after its commencement; and he notified the House that he was not willing to qualify unless it could be noted on the journal that he declined receiving compensa tion or travelling-expenses. Benton, Thomas Hart, was born at Hart s Mill, near Hillsborough, North Carolina, March 14, 1782; received a classical education, and was a student at Chapel-hill College; studied law at Wil liam and Mary College ; removed to Nashville, Ten nessee, where he was admitted to the bar; served as aide-de-camp to General Jackson; was colonel of a regiment of Tennessee volunteers from December, 1812, to April, 1813; was lieutenant-colonel of the Thirty-ninth United-States Infantry 1813-1815; re moved to St. Louis, where he practised law, and edited "The Missouri Inquirer;" was elected United-States senator from Missouri as a Democrat, and was five times re-elected, serving from August 10, 1821, to March 3, 1851; was for the seventh time a Democratic candidate for the United-States Senate, jut was defeated on the fortieth ballot, receiving 55 votes against 80 votes for Henry S. Geyer, and 20 scattering votes; was elected a representative from Missouri in the Thirty-third Congress as a Missouri- Compromise Democrat, receiving 8,437 votes against 7,565 votes for Carpenter, Whig, and 2,566 votes for Bogy, Southern Democrat, and serving from Decem ber 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855; was defeated as a candidate for the Thirty-fourth Congress, receiving 5,298 votes against 6,259 votes for Kennett, National American ; was defeated as a candidate for governor of Missouri in 1856, receiving 27,576 votes against 46,425 votes for Polk, Democrat, and 41,076 votes for Swing, American; devoted himself to the comple- ion of his "Abridgment of Congressional Debates" at Washington City, and died there April 10, 1858. Beresford, Richard, was a native of South Carolina; and was a delegate from that State to the Continental Congress, serving from May 30, 1783, to June 8, 1784. Bergen, Tennis Gr., was born at Brooklyn, New York, October 6, 1806; received an academical educa- ion at Flushing; was a horticulturist and land sur- eyor; served in the State volunteer militia as ser geant, and was regularly promoted until he became colonel; was a member of the State Constitutional 282 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Convention of 1846; was a member of the National Democratic Conventions at Baltimore and Charleston in 18(50; was supervisor of New Utrecht for twenty- three years ; and was elected to the Thirty-ninth Con gress, as a Democrat, receiving 13,63 J votes against 8,829 votes for Samuel T. Maddox, Republican. Bergen, John T., was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-second Congress, serving from December 5, 1831, to March 3, 1833. Bernhisel, John M., was born in Cumberland County, Pennsylvania, June 23, 1799; received a liberal education; studied medicine, and graduated from the medical department of the Pennsylvania University; removed to Utah; was elected a delegate from Utah to the Thirty-fifth Congress, serving from December 7, 1857, to March 3, 1859; and was again elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress, serving from July 4, 1861, to March 3, 1863. Berrien, John Macpherson, was born in New Jersey, August 23, 1781 ; received a classical education, graduating at Princeton in 1796 ; studied law at Savan nah, the residence of his father, under Honorable Joseph Clay; was admitted to the bar in 1799; com menced practice at Louisville, then the capital of Georgia, and afterwards removed to Savannah ; was elected solicitor of the eastern judicial circuit of Georgia in 1899; was judge of the same circuit 1810-1821; was captain of the Georgia Hussars, a Savannah volunteer company in the war of 1812- 1815; was State senator 1822-1823; was elected to the United-States Senate from Georgia, as a Demo crat ; took his seat March 4, 1825, and served until March 9, 1829, when he resigned to accept from President Jackson the position of attorney-general; resigned as attorney-general December 27, 1831 ; was again elected to the United-States Senate, as a Whig ; took his seat May 31, 1841 ; was re-elected in 1847, and resigned May 28, 1852 ; and died of an inflam mation of the kidneys at Savannah, Georgia, January 1, 1856. Berry, John, was born April 26, 1833, in that portion of Crawford County, Ohio, which is now Wyandotte County; received a liberal English educa tion at the common schools and the Ohio Wesleyan University at Delaware ; graduated at the Law School of the Cincinnati College ; was admitted to the bar in April, 1857, and commenced practice at Upper Sandusky ; was elected prosecuting-attorney of Wyan dotte County in 1862, and again in 1864; never held, or was a candidate for, any other office, until he was elected a representative from Ohio in the Forty-third Congress, as a Democrat, receiving 13,668 votes against 9,925 votes for T. E. Douglas, Republican, and serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1875. Bethune, Laughlm, was born in Cumberland County, North Carolina; was a member of the State Senate of North Carolina in 1817, 1818, 1821, and 1827; was elected a representative from North Caro lina, receiving 3,082 votes against 3,073 votes forE. De Berry, anti-Jackson Democrat, and in the Twenty- second Congress as a Jackson Democrat, serving from Decembers, 1831, until March 3, 1833; was defeated as the Jackson Democratic candidate for the Twenty- third Congress by Edward De Berry, anti-Jackson Democrat, who had 37 majority; died at Fayetteville, North Carolina, in 1856. Bethune, Marion, of Talbotton, was elected a representative from Georgia in the Forty-first Con gress, and was admitted to his seat January 16, 1871, serving until March 3, 1871. Betton, Silas, was born at Londonderry, New Hampshire, in 1764; received a classical education, graduating at Dartmouth College in 1787 ; was elected a representative from New Hampshire in the Eighth Congress ; and was re-elected to the Ninth Congress, serving from October 17, 1803, to March 3, 1807; was for several years high sheriff of llockingham County; and died at Salem, New Hampshire, in 1822. Bettg, Samuel Rossiter, was born at Rich mond, Massachusetts, Juno 8, 1707; was reared 0:1 his father s farm; received a classical education, graduating at Williams College in 1806 ; studied law at Hudson, New York; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Sullivan County; served as judge-advocate of volunteers in the war of 1812; was elected a representative from New York, in the Four teenth Congress, as a Democrat, serving from De cember 4, 1815, to March 3, 1817 ; removed to New- burgh, New York, where he practised; was appointed circuit judge under the new State constitution in 1823 ; was appointed in 1826 judge of the United-States District Court for the southern district of New York, and occupied the position until he resigned in 1807; died at New Haven, Connecticut, November 2, 1868. Published in 1838 a valuable work on "Admiralty Practice." Betts, Thaddeus, was born at Norwalk, Con necticut; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1807; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Norwalk; filled several important public positions; was elected United-States senator from Connecticut, as a Whig, for six years, from March 4, 1839; and served from December 9, 1839, until he died, at Washington, Dis trict of Columbia, April 8, 1840. Beveridge, John L., was born at Greenwich, New York, July 6, 1824; was raised on a farm, and received a common-school education ; emigrated to Illinois in 1842, and received further education at Rock-river Seminary; taught school in Tennessee, and read law, from 1846 to 1851 ; practised law in Chicago; served four years in the Union army as major and colonel of cavalry; was sheriff of Cook County, Illinois, two years, from November, 1866; was elected State senator in November, 1870, and resigned when nominated as a Republican to fill the vacancy in the Forty-second Congress caused by the election of John A. Logan, member-elect to the Sen ate; he was elected a representative from Illinois, re ceiving 137,920 votes against 115,337 votes for S. S. Hayes, Democrat, and serving from January 4, 1873, to March 3, 1873 ; was elected governor of Illinois, in 1873, for four years. Bibb, George M., was born in Virginia in 1772; received a classical education, graduating at Prince ton College in 1792; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Kentucky ; was a member of the State House of Representatives and Senate; was three times elected chief justice of Kentucky; was chancellor of the Louisville Court of Chancery; was elected United-States senator from Kentucky, serving from November 4, 1811, to 1814, when he resigned ; was again elected United-States senator from Kentucky, serving from December 7, 1829, to March 3, 1835; was secretary of the treasury under President Tyler, serving from June 15, 1844, to March 3, 1845; resumed the practice of law at Washington ; was a clerk in the office of the attorney- general; and died at Georgetown, District of Colum bia. April 14, 1859. Bibb, William WVatt, was born in Virginia, October 1, 1780; received a classical education; stud ied medicine, and graduated at the medical depart ment of the University of Pennsylvania in 1801 ; removed to Georgia; was a member of the State Senate and House of Representatives of Georgia; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Ninth Congress as a Democrat (in place of Thomas Spalding, resigned), and re-elected to the Tenth, Eleventh, and Twelfth Congresses on general ticket, serving from January 26, 1807, to March 3, 1813; Avas United-States senator from 1813 to 1816 (to fill the vacancy occasioned by the resignation of W. II. Craw ford, appointed minister to France); removed to the Alabama territory, and was elected the first governor under the State constitution in 1819. He died at Fort Jp.ckson, while in ofiice, July 9, 1820. Bibighaus, Thomas M., was born in Pennsyl vania in 1816; received a public-school education; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania ill STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 283 the Thirty-second Congress, as a Whig, receiving 5.596 votes against 5,489 votes for Power, Democrat, and serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, Bicknell, Bennet, was born at Mansfield, Con necticut, in 1803; received a public-school education; removed to Morrisville, New York; was a member of the State Assembly in 1812, and a State senator 1815-1818; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-fifth Congress, as a Democrat, serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1839; and died at Morrisville, Madison County, New York, 1S63. Bicknell, George Augustus, was born at Philadelphia, and was reared there ; received a classi cal education, graduating at the University of Penn sylvania; studied law at the Law School of Yale Col lege; removed to Scott County, Indiana, in 1846; was elected fence-viewer in 1847, county prosecutor in 1848, circuit prosecutor in 1850, and judge of the second judicial circuit in 1852, holding the last-named position twenty-four years by four successive re-elec tions ; was professor of law at the University of Indi ana 1861-1870; and was elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, as a Democrat, receiving 17,225 votes against 11,57(5 for Ncwsom, Republican, and 1,034 votes for G. W. Carr, Independent. Biddle, Charles John (son of Nicholas Biddle), was born at Philadelphia in 1819; received a classical education, graduating at Princeton College in 1837; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1840, and commenced practice at Philadelphia; served in the Mexican war, receiving the brevet of major for gal lant and meritorious services ; resumed the practice of law at Philadelphia; entered the Union army in 1861 as colonel of a regiment of the Pennsylvania Reserve Corps; was elected while in military service a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty- seventh Congress (to fill a vacancy occasioned by the resignation of E. Joy Morris), as a Democrat, sen-ing from December 2, 1862, to March 3, 1863; was de feated as the Democratic candidate for the Thirty- eighth Congress, receiving 0,063 votes against 8,614 votes for C. O Neill, Republican; and died at Phila delphia, September 28, 1873. Biddle, Edward (uncle of Richard Biddle), was born at Philadelphia in 1739; served in the French war as lieutenant and captain 1756-1763; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice at Reading, Pennsylvania ; was a member of the State Assembly; was a delegate to the Old Congress, serving in 1774-1775; arid died at Baltimore, Mary land, September 5, 1779. Biddle, John, was born at Philadelphia, Penn sylvania, March 9, 1789; served in the army during the war of 1812; was subsequently paymaster and Indian agent ; removed to Detroit, Michigan, and was the delegate from that Territory in the Twenty-first Congress, defeating Rev. Mr. Richard, serving from December 7, 1829, to March 3, 1831 ; was appointed register of the land-office at Detroit, Michigan, in 1831 ; visited Europe; and died at the White Sulphur Springs, Virginia, August 25, 1859. Biddle, Richard (nephew of Edward Biddle), was born at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, March 25, 1796; received a classical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; visited England, where he made important historical investigations, 1827-1830; resumed practice on his return ; was elected a repre sentative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-fifth Congress, as a Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty- sixth Congress, receiving 6,090 votes against 4,383 votes for James Power, Democrat, sen-ing from September 4, 1837, to his resignation in 1840; died at Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, July 7, 1847. He published a " Life of Sebastian Cabot" in 1831. Bidlack, Benjamin A., was born at Wilkes- barre, Pennsylvania; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-seventh Congress, as a Democrat; and was re-elected to the Twenty- eighth Congress, receiving 5,007 votes against 2,716 votes for Willits, Whig, serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1845; was appointed charge d affaires to Colombia, May 14, 1845 ; and died in office at Bogota, Colombia, February 6, 1849. Bidwell, Barnabas, was born in Massachusetts; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1785; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised ; was a member of the Massachu setts House of Representatives 1805-1807; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Ninth Congress, serving from December 2, 1805, to March 3, 1807; was attorney-general of Massachusetts 1807- 1810; died 1833. Bidwell, John, was born in Chautauqua County, New York, Augusts, 1819; removed with his father s family to Erie, Pennsylvania, in 1829, and again to Ashtabula County, Ohio, in 1829; was educated at Kingsville Academy; taught school; crossed the plains to California in 1841 ; served in the war with Mexico, attaining the rank of major; was a member of the State convention which framed the first con stitution of California; was a member of the State Senate of California in 1849; was a delegate to the National Democratic Convention at Charleston in 1860 ; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-ninth Congress, as a Unionist, receiving 18,018 votes against 14,249 votes for Temple, Demo crat, and serving from December 4, 1865, to March 3, 1867 ; was defeated as candidate for governor of Cali fornia in 1875. Biery, James S., was born in Venango County, Pennsylvania, March 2, 1839; received an academic education; taught school several years; studied the ology two years and a half; afterward studied law; was admitted to the bar in the fall of 1868, and com menced practice at Allentown ; in 1869 was the Re publican candidate from Lehigh County for the lower house of the Pennsylvania legislature, run ning ahead of his ticket 235 votes; and was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Forty-third Congress, as a Republican, receiving 13,916 votes against 11,340 votes for William II. Witte, and 3,777 votes for E. L. Acker, serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1875. Bigby, John Summerfield, was born in Coweta County, Georgia, February 13, 1832; was educated at the county schools; received a classical education at Emory College, Oxford, Georgia, in 1853; studied and practised law; was a member of the State Constitutional Convention of 18G7-18G8; was solicitor-general of the Tallapoosa circuit from August, 1867, to September 22, 1868; was judge of the superior courts of the Tallapoosa circuit from September 22, 1868, to March 3, 1871 ; and was elected a representative from Georgia in the Forty-second Congress, as a Republican, by a majority of 1,600 over Wright, Democrat, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1873. Bigelow, Abijall, was born at Westminster, Massachusetts, Decembers, 1775; received a classical education, graduating at Dartmouth College in 1795; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1798, and commenced practice in the courts of Worcester County, Massachusetts; was town-clerk of Leomin- ster for five years; was a member of the State House of Representatives ; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Eleventh Congress (to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of William Stead- man), as a Federalist; and was re-elected to the Twelfth and to the Thirteenth Congress, sen-ing from December 14, 1810, to March 3, 1815; was clerk of the courts of Worcester County 1817-1833 ; was appointed a master in chancery in 1838; and died April 4, 1860. Bigelow, Lewis, was born in Worcester County, Massachusetts, in 1783; received a classical educa tion, graduating at Williams College in 1803; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice at Worcester; was elected a representative from 284 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Massachusetts in the Seventeenth Congress, defeat ing Jonas Kendall, and serving from December 3, 1821, to March 3, 182;}; was the editor of the first seventeen volumes of Massachusetts Reports, and of a Digest of six volumes of Pickering s Reports; re moved to Peoria, Illinois; was clerk of the Peoria- county court; and died at Peoria, Illinois, October 3, 1888, Bigger, Samuel, was born in Warren County, Ohio, December 16, 1799; received a classical educa tion, graduating at Athens University; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Fort Wayne, Indiana; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Twenty-third Congress, as a Whig, serving from December 2, 1833, until March 3, 1835; was governor of Indiana 1840-1843; was defeated as the Whig candidate for governor in 1843 by James Whitcomb, Democrat; died at Fort Wayne, Indiana, in 1845. Biggs, Asa, was born at Williamston, North Carolina, February 4, 1811; received an academic education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1831, and commenced practice; was a member of the Constitutional Convention of North Carolina in 1835 ; was a member of the House of Commons of North Carolina in 1840 and 1842, and of the State Senate in 1844 and 1854; was elected a representative from North Carolina in the Twenty-ninth Congress, as a Democrat, receiving 3,695 votes against 3,548 votes for Outlaw, Whig, and serving from December 1, 1845, until March 3, 1847; was one of a commission to codify the State laws of North Carolina in 1850; was elected United-States senator, as a Democrat, for six years from March 3, 1853, and resigned May, 1858, when appointed by President Buchanan United- States judge for the district of North Carolina. Biggs, Benjamin T., was born at Summit Bridge, Delaware, October 1, 1821; spent his youth upon a farm; attended the Pcnnington Seminary for two years, and afterwards taught school for a short time; was subsequently a student in the Wesleyan University of Connecticut, but left it on account of his health; in 1847 he turned his whole attention to farming ; was a member of the State Constitutional Convention of 1853; subsequently took an interest in railroad operations, and was elected director in the Kent and Queen Anne s Railroad Company; was a candidate for Congress in 1860, in opposition to Judge Fisher, and was defeated by 247 votes ; was elected a representative from Delaware in the Forty-first Con gress, as a Democrat, receiving 10,961 votes against 7,636 votes for Torbert, Republican; was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress, receiving 11,446 votes against 9,150 votes for T. J. Heald, Republican, serv- ingfrom March 4, 1869, to March 3, 1873. Bigler, "William, was born at Shermansburg, Pennsylvania, in December, 1813; received a public- school education; served an apprenticeship to the art of printing; removed to Clearfield, and established " The Clearfield Democrat;" was elected to the State Senate in 1841 by 3,000 majority, receiving every vote in Clearfield County, save one ; was elected governor of Pennsylvania in 1851 simultaneously with the election of his brother, John Bigler, as governor of California, and served 1852-1855 ; was elected a Unit ed-States senator from Pennsylvania, as a Democrat, serving from December 5, 1855, to March 3, 1861 ; was a delegate to the Chicago National Convention of 1864, to the Philadelphia National Union Convention of 1866, and to the New- York National Convention of 1868 ; was a member of the Constitutional Convention of Pennsylvania, and was a fiscal organizer of the Centennial Exposition of 1876. Billinghurst, Charles, was born at Brighton, New York, July 27, 1818; received a public-school education ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice; removed to Wisconsin in 1847; was a me-mber of the first State legislature of Wis consin in 1848; was elected a presidential elector on the Pierce and King ticket in 1852; was elected a representative from the second district of Wisconsin, the largest in the United States, in the Thirty-fourth Congress, as a Republican, receiving 13,359 votes against 8,596 votes for Macy, Democrat ; was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving 25,800 votes against 23,448 votes for H. C. Hobart, IJemocrat, and serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1859; was defeated as the Republican candidate for the Thirty- sixth Congress, receiving 23,011 votes against 23,905 votes for Larrabee, Democrat ; and died at Juneau, Wisconsin, August 18, 1865. Bines, Thomas, was born at Trenton, New Jer sey; received a public-school education; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Thirteenth Congress (to fill a vacancy caused by the death of Jacob Hufty), serving from November 2, 1814, to March 3, 1815. Bingham, John A., was born at Mercer, Penn sylvania, in 1815; received an academic education; passed two years in a printing-oflice; was a student of Franklin College, Ohio ; was admitted to the bar in 1840 ; was district-attorney for Tuscarawas County, Ohio, from 1846 to 1849; was elected a representa tive from Ohio in the Thirty-fourth Congress, as a Republican, receiving 9,860 votes against 5,238 votes for Stewart, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty- fifth Congress, receiving 9,444 votes against 6,933 votes for Woods, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving 8,883 votes against 6,577 votes for Mansfield, Democrat; and was re- elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress, receiving 9,170 votes against 5,053 votes for Wells, Democrat, serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1863; was chairman of the managers of the house in the impeachment of Judge Humphreys, impeached for high treason, May 22, 1862 ; was defeated as the Re publican candidate for the Thirty-eighth Congress, receiving 9,999 votes against 12,299 votes for White, Democrat; was appointed by Mr. Lincoln United- States district judge for the southern district of Florida, which he declined; was appointed judge- advocate in the Union army in 1864, and later in that year was appointed solicitor of the Court of Claims; was special judge-advocate in the trial of the conspirators against the life of Mr. Lincoln; was again elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, as a Re publican, receiving 12,377 votes against 11,119 votes for White, Democrat ; was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, receiving 13,369 votes against 11,947 votes for Mitchner, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty- first Congress, receiving 13,757 votes against 13,341 votes for Estep, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress, receiving 13,155 votes against 11,958 votes for Chambers, Democrat, serving from December 4, 1865, to March 3, 1873; was appointed minister to Japan May 3, 1873. Bingham, Kinsley S., was born at Camillus, New York, December 16, 1808; received an academic education; taugbt school; was for three years a law yer s clerk; removed to Michigan in 1833, and settled on a farm ; held several local offices ; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1835-1840; was elected a representative from Micbigan in the Thir tieth Congress, as a Democrat, receiving 6,492 votes against 5,780 votes for Wisner, Democrat, and 981 votes for Canfield, Abolitionist; and was re-elected to the Thirty-first Congress, serving from December 6, 1847, to March 3, 1851; was elected governor of Michigan in 1854, as a Republican, defeating Barry. Democrat, and Scott, Whig; and was re-elected gov ernor in 1856, as a Republican, receiving 71,402 votes against 54,085 votes for Felch, Democrat; was elected, United-States senator from Michigan, as a Republi can, in place of Charles E. Stuart, Democrat, and served from December 5, 1859, until he died at Oak Grove, Michigan, October 5, 1861. Bingham, "William, was born at Philadelphia in 1751 ; received a classical education, graduating at Philadelphia College in 1768; was agent of the Con tinental Congress at Martinique, and afterwards STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 285 consul at St. Pierre; was a delegate from Pennsyl vania to the Continental Congress 1787-1780; was United-States senator from Pennsylvania, serving from December 7, 1795, to March 3, 1801 ; was elected president pro tcm. of the Senate, February 10, 1797 ; visited Europe after his senatorial term; and died at Bath, England, February 7, 1804. He published in 1784 " A Letter from an American on the Subject of the Restraining Proclamation;" and, in 1793, "A Description of Certain Tracts of Land in Maine." Binney, Horace, was born at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, January 4, 1780; received a classical education, graduating at Harvard in 1797; studied law with Jared Ingersoll ; was admitted to the bar in 1800, and commenced practice at Philadelphia; was a member of the State House of Representatives 180(3- 1807, and declined a re-election ; was elected a repre sentative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-third Congress, as a Whig, receiving 5,364 votes against 3,191 votes for Henry Horn, Jackson Democrat, serv ing from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1835; was a director and defender of the United -States Bank; made his last appearance in court in 1843; and died at Philadelphia, August 12, 1875. His most impor tant published works were, " Reports of Cases in the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania, 1799-1814;" Eulo- giums on Chief-Justice Tilghman (1827) and on Chief-Justice Marshall (183U); "An Inquiry into the Formation of Washington s Farewell Address" (1859); and " The Leaders of the Old Bar of Phila delphia" (1859). Bird, John, was born at Litchfield, Connecticut; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 178G; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Troy, New York; was elected a representative from New York in the Sixth Congress, as a Democrat, serving from Decem ber 2, 1799, to March 3, 1801 ; and died at Troy, New York, in 180G. Bird, John T., was bom in Hunterdon County, New Jersey, August 10, 1829; received an academic education; read law, and was admitted to the bar in 1855; practised in his native county; was nominated as prosecutor of the pleas in 1803, and held the office for the full term, five years; was elected a represen tative from New Jersey in the Forty-first Congress, as a Democrat, receiving 19,580 votes against 15,450 votes for Amos Clark, Republican ; and was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress, receiving 18,007 votes against 13,323 votes for II. Rusling, Republican, serv ing from March 4, 1809, to March 3, 1873. Birdsall, Ausburn, was born in the city of New York; removed to Binghamton; was elected a rep resentative from New York in the Thirtieth Con gress, as a Democrat, serving from December 0, 1847, to March 3, 1849 ; was appointed United-States naval storekeeper at New- York City. Birdsall, James, was elected a representative from New York in the Fourteenth Congress, as a Democrat, serving from December 4, 1815, to Marcli 3, 1817 ; was a member of the State General Assembly in 1837. Birdsall, Samuel, was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-fifth Congress, as a Democrat, serving from September 4. 1837, to March 3, 1839. Birdseye, Victory, was born in 1782; was elect ed a representative from New York in the Four teenth Congress, serving from December 4, 1815, to March 3, 1817; was chosen a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention of 1821 ; was a State sen ator in 1821 and 1829, and for three years a member of the State Assembly; was defeated as a Whig can didate for the Twenty-sixth Congress, receiving 9,015 votes against 9,099 votes for Edward Rogers; was again elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress, as a Whig, receiving 10,854 votes against 10,772 votes for Earle, Van Buren Democrat, and serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1843; died at Pompey, Septem ber 10, 1853. Bisbee, Horatio, jun., of Jacksonville, was elected a representative from Florida in the Forty- fifth Congress, as a Democrat, receiving 11,289 votes against 11,147 votes for Jesse J. Finlcy," Republican. Bishop, James, was born at New Brunswick, New Jersey ; received a public-school education ; was bred a merchant; was a member of the State House of Representatives ; was elected a representative from March 3, 1857 ; was defeated as an American Repub lican candidate for the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiv ing 9,708 votes against 10,781 votes for Adrian, Demo crat. Bishop, Phanuel, was born in Massachusetts; received^ a public-school education; was a State sen ator 1787-1791, and a member of the State House of Representatives in 1792, 1793, 1797, and 1798; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Sixth Congress, and was re-elected to the Seventh, Eighth, and Ninth Congresses, serving from Decem ber 2, 1799, to March 3, 1807. Bishop, William D., was born at Bloomficld, New Jersey, September 14, 1827 ; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1849 ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar, but gave up his profession to engage in railroad enterprises; was elected a representative from Connecticut in the Thirty-fifth Congress, as a Democrat, receiving 8,403 votes against 8,387 votes for Ferry, Republican, and serving from December 7, 1857, to March 3, 1859; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving 10,990 votes against 11,553 votes for Ferry, Republican; was commissioner of patents from May 23, 1859, to January, 1800; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1800. Bissell, William H., was born at Ilartwick, New York, April 25, 1811; received a public-school education, supporting himself by teaching during the winter months; studied medicine, graduating from the Philadelphia Medical College in 1835; removed to Illinois, and practised medicine in Monroe County until 1840 ; was a member of the State House of Rep resentatives; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Belleville, Illinois; was county prosecuting attorney in 1844; served in the Mexican war, distinguishing himself at Buena Vista as a captain in the Second Illinois Volunteers; was elected a representative from Illinois in the Thirty- first Congress, as a Democrat, without opposition; was re-elected to the Thirty-second Congress, and was re-elected to the Thirty-third Congress, as an Inde pendent Democrat, receiving 5,723 votes against 4,083 votes for Gillespie, Whig, and 4,515 votes for Fouke, Democrat, and serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1845 ; was elected as a Republican governor of the State of Illinois, serving 1850-1800; and died at Springfield, Illinois, March 18, 1800. Black, Edward J., was born at Beaufort, South Carolina, in 1800; received a public-school education; studied law at Augusta, Georgia, under Judge Reid ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Augusta in 1827; removed in 1832 to Scriven County,. Georgia; served for several years in the State House of Representatives; was defeated as candidate for State attorney-general in 1831; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Twenty- sixth Congress, as a State-rights Whig, receiving 31,075 votes against 30,905 votes for Burncy, Demo crat, and serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1841; became a supporter of Van Buren, and was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Twenty- seventh Congress, receiving 35,496 votes against 39,379 for Habersham, Whig; was re-elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, as a Democrat, to fill a vacancy, receiving 35,220 votes against 32,997 votes for Wilde, Whig, and serving from March 2, 1842, to March 3, 1845 ; was defeated as the Democratic can- 286 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. dictate for the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiving 3,309 votes against 4,005 votes for Toombs, Whig; and died while on a visit at Barmvell District, South Carolina, 184(5. Black, Henry (father of Jeremiah S. Black), was born at Stony Brook, Somerset County, Penn sylvania, February 23, 1783; received a public-school education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1815-1818; was an associate judge of Somerset County 1820-1840; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty- seventh Congress, as a Whig (to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Charles Ogle), but died be fore taking his seat, November 28, 1841. Black, James, was born at Newport, Pennsylva nia; received a public-school education; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty- fourth Congress (in place of Jesse Miller, resigned), as a Democrat, and serving from December 5, 1830, to March 3, 1837 ; was again elected to the Twenty- eighth Congress, receiving 5,617 votes against 5,189 votes for Miller, Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty- ninth Congress, receiving 8,405 votes against 8,084 for his Whig opponent, and serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1847. Black, James A., was born in Abbeville Dis trict, South Carolina, in 1793; received a public-school education, and engaged in mercantile pursuits; en tered the United-States army in 1812 as lieutenant, and was promoted to the rank of captain; filled several situations of trust and responsibility; was elected a representative from South Carolina in the Twenty-eighth Congress, as a Calhoun Democrat; and was re-elected to the Twenty-ninth and Thirtieth Congresses, serving from December 4, 1843, to his death, of pneumonia, at Washington, April 3, 1848. Black, John, was a native of Virginia; re ceived a classical education; taught school; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice in Louisiana; removed to Mississippi, where he was appointed judge; was appointed United-States senator from Mississippi by the governor (to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Powhatan Ellis), as a Whig, and was subsequently elected, serving from December 12, 1832, until he resigned in 1838; resumed the practice of law; and died at Winchester, Virginia, August 29, 1854. Blackburn, Joseph C. S., was born in Wood- ford County, Kentucky, October 1, 1838; was edu cated at Sayres Institute, Frankfort, Kentucky, and at Centre College, Danville, Kentucky, whence he graduated in 1857; studied law with George B. Kin- caid, Esq., at Lexington; was admitted to the bar in 1858, and practised until 1801 ; entered the Confeder ate army in 1801, and served throughout the war; resumed practice in 1805; was elected to the State legislature of Kentucky in 1871 and 1873; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Forty-fourth Congress, as a Democrat, receiving 11,298 votes against 5,045 votes for E. C. Marshall, Independent, and re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 18,884 votes against 11,348 votes for T. O. Shackel- ford, Republican, and serving from December 0, 1875. Blackburn, William Jasper, was born in Arkansas July 24, 1820; received a public-school edu cation; learned the art of printing; established the " Homer Iliad " at Homer, Louisiana, and took such antislavery ground before emancipation, that his of fice was twice mobbed ; was a member of the State Constitutional Convention of 1848; was elected a representative from Louisiana in the Fortieth Con gress, as a Republican, and served from July 18, 1808, to March 3, 1809. Blacklege, William, was born in Craven County, North Carolina; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1797, 1798, 1799, and 1809 ; was elected a representative from North Caro lina in the Eighth Congress, as a Democrat, and was re-elected to the Ninth and Tenth Congresses, serv ing from October 17, 1803, to March 3, 1809; was defeated as a Democratic candidate for the Eleventh Congress ; was again elected to the Twelfth Congress, defeating William Gaston, Federalist, and serving from November 4, 1811, to March 3, 1813; was de feated as a Democratic candidate for the Thirteenth Congress by William Gaston, Federalist; and died at Spring Hill, Craven County, North Carolina, Octo ber 19, 1828. Blackledge, William S., was born in Pitt County, North Carolina, in 1793; removed to Craven County ; was a member of the State House of Repre sentatives in 1820 ; was elected a representative from North Carolina in the Sixteenth Congress (to fill a vacancy caused by the death of Jesse Slocum), as a Democrat, defeating Davis; arid was re-elected to the Seventeenth Congress, serving from February 7, 1821, to March 3, 1823; died at New Berne, North Carolina, March 21, 1857. Blackmar, Esbon, was born in the State of New York; was a prominent citizen of Newark in that State; was two years a member of the State Assembly; was elected a representative in the Thir tieth Congress (to fill the vacancy caused by the death of John M. Holley), as a Whig, serving from Decem ber 4, 1848, to March 3, 1849. Blackwell, Julius W., was born in Virginia; received a pu blic-school education ; removed to Ten nessee, and settled at Athens; was elected a repre sentative from Tennessee in the Twenty-sixth Con gress, as a Van Biiren Democrat, receiving 1,313 majority over W. Stone, Whig, receiving 5,793 votes, and serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1841 ; was defeated as a Democratic candidate for the Twenty-seventh Congress ; was again elected to the Twenty-eighth Congress, receiving 5,793 votes against 5,700 votes for Campbell, Whig, and serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1845; was defeated as a Democratic candidate for the Twenty-ninth Con gress by Crozier, Whig. Blaine, James Gillespie, was born in Washing ton County, Pennsylvania, January 31, 1830; gradu ated at Washington College, Pennsylvania; adopted the editorial profession, and went to Maine, where he edited "The Portland Advertiser" and "The Kennebec Journal;" was a member of the Maine legislature in 1859, 1800, 1801, and 1862, serving the last two years as speaker of the house ; was elected a representative from Maine in the Thirty-eighth Con gress, as a Republican, receiving 9,971 votes against 0,549 votes for Gould, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiving 14,055 votes against 9,727 votes for Gould, Democrat; was re- elected to the Fortieth Congress, receiving 14,909 votes against 8,318 votes for Heath, Democrat ; was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress, receiving 16,127 votes against 12,881 votes for Farley, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress, receiving 11,590 votes against 9,270 votes for Farley, Demo crat: was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress, receiving 15,084 votes against 11,516 votes for Lang, Liberal Republican ; was elected to the Forty-fourth Congress, receiving 11,524 votes against 8,094 votes for O Brien, Democrat; and was appointed United- States senator from Maine, July 10, 1870, to fill the vacancy occasioned by the resignation of Lot M. Morrill, appointed secretary of the treasury, and was subsequently elected for that uncxpired term, and for the ensuing term, which will expire March 3, 1883, serving from July 7, 1803. Blair, Austin, was born at Caroline, New York, February 8, 1818; received a classical education, graduating at Union College, New York; studied law, and on removing to Michigan commenced its practice; was county clerk of Eaton County, and prosecuting attorney of Jackson County ; was a mem ber of the legislature of the State of Michigan ; was governor of Michigan from 1801 to 1805; was elected a representative from Michigan in the Fortieth Con gress, as a Republican, receiving 10,240 votes against STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 287 12,288 votes for Granger, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress, receiving 19,208 vote, against 12,208 votes for Crane, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress, receiving 15,230 votes against 13,708 votes for D. D. Hughes Democrat, serving from March 4, 1807, to March 3 187;}. Blair, Barnard, was born at Salem, New York received a public-school education ; held several loca offices; was elected a representative from New Yorl in the Twenty-seventh Congress, as a Whig, recciv ing 4,990 votes against 3,001 votes for Orvillc Clark Van Burcn Democrat, and serving from May 31 1841, to March 3, 1843. Blair, Francis P., jun., was born at Lexing ton, Kentucky, February 19, 1821 ; received a classical education, graduating at Princeton College in 1841 removed to St. Louis, where he studied law with his brother, Montgomery Blair; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice ; visited the Eocky Moun tains for his health in 1845, and while in New Mexico enlisted as a private in the regiment of Colonel Doniphan, serving through the Mexican war; re sumed practice at St. Louis, and was one of the pioneers of the Free-soil movement there ; was elected to the Missouri legislature in 1852, and again in 1854, although Colonel Benton, the Free-soil candidate for Congress in 1852, was defeated; became interested in "The Missouri Democrat;" was elected a repre sentative from Missouri in the Thirty-fifth Congress, as a Frce-Soiler, receiving 0,035 votes against 5,549 votes for Kennett, American, and 2,181 votes for Reynolds, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty- sixth Congress, defeating Barrett, Democrat, by a vote so close that the election was contested, but the house gave him the seat, which he resigned at the close of the first session; was defeated as the Free- soil candidate for the remainder of the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving 12,538 votes against 12,802 votes for Barrett, Democrat; was again elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress, receiving 11,453 votes against 9,907 votes for Barrett, and 4,542 votes for Todd, American; was re-elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, receiving 4,743 votes against 4,590 votes for Knox, and 2,530 votes for Bogy; entering the Union army as colonel, he was appointed brigadier- general August 7, arid major-general November 29, 1802, resigning his seat in Congress; commanded a division in the Vicksburg campaign and the Seven teenth Army Corps in Sherman s campaigns; was appointed collector of internal revenue at St. Louis in 1800, and was rejected by the Senate ; was after wards nominated minister to Austria, and was again rejected by the Senate; changed front on politics, and was nominated at the National Democratic Con vention in 1808 as vice-president on the Seymour ticket; was a member of the State legislature of Missouri in 1870; was elected a United-States senator (to fill the vacancy occasioned by the resignation of Judge Drake), as a Democrat, and served from January 25, 1871, to March 3, 1873; was a Demo cratic candidate for re-election, and defeated by L. V. Bogy, Democrat. Returning to St. Louis, his healtl^failed, and he died there July 8, 1875. Blair, Henry W., was born at Campton, New Hampshire, December 6, 1834; received an academic education; studied law with William Leverett at Plymouth; admitted to the bar in May, 1859, and commenced ^practice at Plymouth; was appointed prosecuting attorney for Graf ton County in 1800; served in the Union army as lieutenant-colonel of the Fifteenth New-Hampshire Volunteers; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1800, and of the State Senate in 1807-1808; was elected a representative from New Hampshire in the Forty-fourth Congress, as a Republican, receiving 12.389 votes against 12,180 for Henry O. Kent, Demo crat and Liberal Republican, and 104 scattering; and was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 12,083 votes against 11,824 votes for Henry O. Kent, Democrat, and 78 scattering, serving from December 0, 1875. Blair, Jacob B., was born at Parkersburg, Vir ginia, April 11, 1821; received a public-school edu cation; studied law: was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice; was prosecuting attorney for Ritchie County for several years; was elected a repre sentative from Virginia in the Thirty-eighth Con gress, as a Unionist, serving from December 2, 1801, to March 3, 1803; was elected a representative from West Virginia in the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiv ing 8,000 votes against 005 votes for Do Hass, also a Unionist, and serving from December 7, 1803, to March 3, 1805. Blair, James, was born at Lancaster, South Carolina; received a liberal education; and was elected a representative from South Carolina in the Seventeenth Congress, as an anti-tariff Democrat, Union Democrat, and re-elected to the Twenty- second and Twenty-third Congresses, as a Democrat, serving from December 7, 1829, to April 1, 1834; during the first session of the Twenty-third Congress he attended the Washington Theatre" one night, and, becoming displeased with the actors, fired a loaded pis tol at them, for which he was arrested, and fined five dollars, his physician testifying that he was under the influence of brandy and "opium, taken to alleviate pain from chronic rheumatism; three weeks after wards, April 1, 1834, he blew out his brains with a pistol, at his boarding-house on Capitol Hill. Blair, James G., was born in 1828; received a common English education; studied law; was ad mitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Canton; and was elected a representative from Missouri in the Forty-second Congress, as a Liberal Republican, receiving 11,040 votes against 9,100 votes for J. T. K. Haywood, Radical Republican, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1873. Blair, John, was bom in Washington County, Tennessee, in 1798; received an academic education; was a member of the State House of Representatives and of the State Senate ; was elected a representative from Tennessee in the Eighteenth Congress, as a Jackson Democrat, receiving 100 majority over John Tipton ; was re-elected to the Nineteenth Congress, receiving 270 majority over John Tipton; was re- elected to the Twentieth Congress, receiving 75 majority over Campbell, Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-first Congress, receiving 181 majority over Carter, Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-second Congress, receiving 314 majority over Carter, Whig; and was re-elected to the Twenty-third Congress, receiving 3,284 votes against 2,480 votes for Carter, and 1,850 votes for Arnold, Whigs, serving from Decembers, 1825, to March 3, 1835; and died at Jonesborough, Washington County, Tennessee, July J, 1803. Blair, Samuel S., was born in Pennsylvania; received a public-school education; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-sixth Congress, as a Republican, receiving 9,114 votes against 0,079 votes for Pcrshing, Democrat; was re- elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress, receiving 11,185 votes against 8,220 votes for McAllister, Demo- rat, and serving from December 5, 1859, to March J, 1803. Blaisdell, Daniel, was born in New Hampshire n 1700; received a public-school education; was a nember of the executive council 1803-1808; was dected a representative from New Hampshire in the Eleventh Congress, as a Federalist, serving from May 22, 1809, to March 3, 1811; and died in 1832. Blake, Harrison G., was born at Newfane, Vermont, March 17, 1818; received a public-school ;ducation ; removed to Ohio in 1830, and, while en- jaged as clerk in a store, studied law; was admitted o the bar, and commenced practice at Medina ; was 288 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. for four years a member of the legislature of Ohio, serving as president of the State Senate 1848-1849; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirty- sixth Congress (to fill a vacancy caused by the death of Cyrus Spink), as a Republican; and was re-elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress, receiving 12,040 votes against 9,053 votes for Prentiss, Democrat, serving from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 1803 ; was a dele gate to the Loyalists Convention at Philadelphia in 1800. Blake, John, jun., was born at Montgomery, Orange County; received a public-school education; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1798, 1799, and 1800; was sheriff of Orange County 1803-1805; was elected a representative from New York in the Ninth Congress ; and was re-elected to the Tenth Congress, serving from December 2, 1805, to March 3, 1809 ; was again a member of the State House of Representatives 1812-1813; and died at Montgomery, New York. Blake, Thomas H., was born in Calvert County, Maryland, June 14, 1792; received a public-school education, and studied law at Washington City; served in the militia of the District of Columbia at the battle of Bladensburg in 1814 ; removed to Ken tucky, and thence to Indiana, where he commenced the practice of law at Terre Haute ; was prosecuting attorney and judge of the circuit court; relinquished his profession for mercantile pursuits; was for several years a member of the State legislature of Indiana; was elected a representative from Indiana in the Twentieth Congress, as an Adams Republican, receiving 5,222 votes against 5,138 votes for Ratcliff Boon, Jacksonian, and 1,037 votes for L. S. Shuler, Jacksonian, serving from December 3, 1827, to March 3, 1829; was defeated as an anti-Jackson candidate for the Twenty-first Congress, by Ratcliff Boon, Jacksonian, who had 78 majority; declined being a candidate for the Twenty-second Congress; was ap pointed by President Tyler commissioner of the general land office, May 19, 1842, serving until April, 1845; was appointed president of the Erie and Wa- bash Canal Company; visited England as financial agent of the State of Indiana; and, while returning, died at Cincinnati, Ohio, November 28, 1849. Blakey, George D., was born in Kentucky, and claimed to have been elected to the Thirty-ninth Con gress from that State. Elijah Hise, Democrat, had re ceived 7,740 votes, and G. D. Blakey, Republican, had received 1,201 ; but Blakey claimed that Hise had been disloyal during the war, and had been elected by dis loyal men, while he had received a majority of the loy al votes. Before the certificate was given, Hise com mitted suicide. A new election was ordered by the governor; and J. S. Golladay was declared elected; the house refusing to sustain the claim of Blakey. Blanchard, John, was born at Peacham, Ver mont, and was reared on a farm ; received a classical education, graduating at Dartmouth College in 1812; removed to York, Pennsylvania, and taught school ; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-ninth Congress, as a Whig, by a majori ty of 253 votes ; and was re-elected to the Thirtieth Congress by a majority of 050 votes, serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1849; and died at Co lumbia, Pennsylvania, March 8, 1849. Blanchard, Jonathan, was born in New Hamp shire; received a public-school education ; took an ac tive part in the preliminary stages of the Revolution, and was a delegate from New Hampshire to the Con tinental Congress 1793-1794. Bland, Richard, was born in Prince Orange County, Virginia, in 1708; received a classical educa tion, graduating at William and Mary College, and at the University of Edinburgh ; was a member of the Virginia House of Burgesses 1745-17(59, investigat ing the settlement and progress of the colony with such care, that he was known as " The Virginian An tiquary;" took a leading part in Revolutionary movements ; was chosen a delegate to the Continen tal Congress 1774-1770, and was again chosen, but de clined ; and died at Williamsburg, Virginia, October 28, 1776. Bland, Richard Parks, was born near Hart ford, Kentucky ; was left an orphan at an early age ; worked during the summer months to enable him to attend the common schools in the winters, and when he had attained his majority he taught school, to en able him to take an academic course ; studied law, and practised his profession, never having held a pub lic office until he was elected a representative from Missouri in the Forty-third Congress, as a Jackson Democrat, receiving 9,974 votes against 8,820 votes for A. J. Seay, Republican; was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Congress, receiving 11,350 votes against 8,929 votes for A. J. Seay, Republican ; and was re- elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 11,350 votes against 8,929 votes for A. J. Seay, Republican, serving from December 1, 1873. Bland, Thodorick (an uncle of John Ran dolph), was born in Prince George County, Virginia, in 1742; was sent to England to be educated in 1753; studied medicine at Edinburgh in 17G1-1703; was ad mitted to practice, and returned home ; took an active part in Revolutionary movements, and entered the Continental army as captain of the first troop of Vir ginia cavalry; was a delegate from Virginia to the Continental Congress in 1780-1783, and, while in attendance in 1781, his home was plundered by the enemy; was appointed by Governor Henry lieuten ant of Prince George s County in 1785; was a mem ber of the Virginia Convention of 1788 on the adop tion of the Federal Constitution, and was one of the minority which opposed its ratification; was elected a representative from Virginia in the First Congress; took his seat March 30, 1789, and served until he died at New York, June 1, 1790. Bledsoe, Jesse, received a classical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in Kentucky, and practised in the courts of that State with great success; was professor of law in the Transylvania University; was elected United-States senator from Kentucky, serving from May 24, 1813, until he re signed in 1815, and was appointed chief justice of Kentucky; removed to Texas, where he practised; and died at Nacogdoches, Texas, June 30, 1837. Bleecker, Hermanns, was born at Albany, New York, in 1779; received a classical education; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Albany; was elected a representative from New York in the Twelfth Congress, as an anti-war Federalist, by a majority of 482, serving from No vember 4, 1811, to March 3, 1813; was appointed a regent of the University of New York in 1822; was charr/e d affaires in the Netherlands May 12, 1842- June 28, 1845; and died at Albany, New York, July 19, 1849. Bliss, Archibald M., was bom at Brooklyn, New York, January 25, 1830; received an academic education; was engaged for many years in mercantile pursuits ; was an alderman of Brooklyn in 1804, 1805, 1800, and 1807, serving in 1800 as president of the board; was the Republican candidate for mayor of Brooklyn in 1807; was a delegate to the National Re publican Conventions at Baltimore in 1804 and at Chicago in 1808, and to the Liberal National Con vention at Cincinnati in 1872; was a member cf the Board of Water Commissioners of Brooklyn in 1871- 1872; and was elected a representative from New York in the Forty-fourth Congress, as a Liberal and Democrat, receiving 12,439 votes against 7,802 votes for George C. Bennett, Republican; and was re- elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 18,500 votes against 11,490 votes for Solomon Spitzer, Re publican, serving from December 0, 1875. Bliss, George, was born at Jericho, Vermont, January 1, 1813; received a classical education, study ing one year at Gran ville College; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1841, and commenced practice STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 289 at Wooster, Ohio; was appointed president judge of the eighth judicial district in 1850, serving until a change of the constitution vacated the office; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirty-third Congress, as a Democrat, serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855; was again elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, as a Democrat, receiving 10,490 votes against 10,454 votes for Martin Wel- ker, Republican, and serving from December 7, 1863, to March 3, 1805; was defeated as the Demo cratic candidate for the Thirty-ninth Congress, re ceiving 10,312 votes against 11,366 votes for Martin Welker, Republican; was a delegate to the National Union Convention at Philadelphia in 1866. Bliss, Philemon, was born at Canton, Connec ticut, July 28, 1814; received a classical education at Fairfield Academy and Hamilton College; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice at Ohio; was president judge of the fourteenth judicial circuit; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirty-fourth Congress, as a Republican, receiving 8,788 votes against 6,041 votes for Johnson, Democrat ; was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving 10,414 votes against 7,617 votes for Fire stone, Democrat, and serving from December 7, 1863, to March 3, 1865 ; was appointed United-States judge for the Territory of Dacotah. Blodget, Foster, was born at Augusta, Georgia; was mayor of Augusta ; entered the Confederate ser vice in 1861-1862, but withdrew, and left the State; was postmaster at Augusta; claimed to have been elected a United-States senator from Georgia, as a Re publican, for six years from the 4th of March, 1871, but the Senate gave the seat to Thomas M. Norwood; died at Atlanta, Georgia, November 13, 1877. Bloodworth, Timothy, was born in North Carolina in 1736; he was reared in poverty, and it is recorded that he " was, by turns, farmer, blacksmith, preacher, physician, wheelwright, and politician;" he was a member of the State House of Representa tives in 1779, 1780, 1781, 1782, 1783, and 1784; was a delegate to the Continental Congress 1786-1787; was a member of the State Senate 1788 and 1789; was elected a representative from North Carolina in the First Congress, serving from April 6, 1790, to March 3, 1791; was again a member of the State House of Representatives 1793 and 1794; was elected United-States senator, serving from December 7, 1795, to March 3, 1801 ; was collector of customs at Wil mington; and died at Washington, North Carolina, August 24, 1814. Bloom, Isaac, was elected a representative from New York in the Eighth Congress, but died before taking his seat. Bloomfield, Joseph, was born at Woodbridge, New Jersey ; received an academic education ; stud ied law ; entered the Revolutionary army in 1776 as a captain in the Third New-Jersey Regiment, and served through the war, attaining the rank of major; re sumed the study of law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Burlington, New Jersey; was State attorney-general ; was governor of New Jersey 1801 and 1803-1812; was commissioned brigadier-gen eral March 27, 1812, and served until June 15, 1815; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Fifteenth Congress, as a Democrat, and was re-elected to the Sixteenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1817, to March 3, 1821 ; and died at Burlington, New Jersey, October 3, 1823. Blount, James H., was elected a representative from Georgia in the Forty-third Congress, as a Dem ocrat, receiving 9,993 votes against 6,196 votes for L. B. Anderson, Republican ; was re-elected to the For ty-fourth Congress, receiving 10,007 votes against 2,756 votes for Samuel G. Gove, Republican ; and was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 12,- 096 votes against 4,576 votes for Samuel S. Gove, Re publican, serving from December 1, 1873. Blount, Thomas, was born in Edgecombc Coun ty, North Carolina, in 1760; volunteered in the Revo lutionary army at the age of sixteen; became deputy- paymaster-general in 1780; and was major, command ing a battalion of North-Carolina militia, at the battle of Eutaw Springs; was major-general of militia; was elected a representative in the Third, Fourth, and Fifth Congresses, serving from December 2, 1793, until March 3, 1799; was again elected to the Ninth and Tenth Congresses, serving from December 2, 1805, until March 3, 1807; and was again elected to the Twelfth Congress, as a Democrat, defeating William Kennedy, Federalist, serving from November 4, 1811, until his death at Washington City, February 7, 1812. Blount, William, was born in Craven County, North Carolina, in 1744; was a member of the House of Commons of North Carolina in 1780-1784; was a delegate to the Continental Congress from North Carolina in 1782, 1783, 1786, and 1787; was appointed by President Washington governor of the territory south of the Ohio in 1790; was chairman of the con vention which framed the first State Constitution of Tennessee, February 6, 1796; was elected United- States senator from Tennessee, serving from Decem ber 5, 1796, until he was impeached, found guilty, and expelled, for having instigated the Creeks and Chero- kees to aid the British in conquering the Spanish territory of West Florida, July 8, 1797; was elected, during the trial, to the State Senate of Tennessee, and chosen its president ; died at Knoxville, Tennes see, March 21, 1800. Blount, William G., was elected a representa tive from Tennessee in the Fourteenth Congress, arid was re-elected to the Fifteenth Congress, serving from January 8, 1816, to March 3, 1819 ; was secretary of state of the State of Tennessee ; and died at Paris, Tennessee, May 21, 1827. Blow, Henry T., was born in Southampton County, Virginia, July 15, 1817; removed to Missouri in 1830; received a classical education, graduating at the St. Louis University; engaged in the wholesale drug-business, and afterwards became largely inter ested in lead mines ; was four years a member of the State Senate; was minister resident at Venezuela, June 8, 1861, to February 22, 1862; was elected a representative from Missouri in the Thirty-eighth Congress, as a Republican, receiving 7,164 votes against 2,984 votes for Allen, Democrat, and 191 votes for Law-son, Independent; and was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiving 6,180 votes against 1,253 votes for Stafford, Democrat, serving from De cember 7, 1863, to March 3, 1867 ; was minister to Brazil from May 1, 1869, to February 11, 1871; was a commissioner for governing the District of Columbia 1874-1875 ; and died suddenly of congestion, at Sara toga, New York, September 11, 1875. Boardman, Elijah, was born at New Milford, Connecticut, March 7, 1760; received a classical edu cation; engaged in mercantile pursuits; was several years a member of the State House of Representatives and of the executive council; was a United-States senator from Connecticut, serving from December 3, 1821, until his death, suddenly, at Boardman, Ohio (a town which he was largely interested in), October 8, 1823. His remains were brought home. Boardman, William W., was born at New Milford, Connecticut, October 10, 1794; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1812; studied law at the Cambridge and Litchfield Law Schools; was admitted to the bar, and practised at New Haven; was judge of probate; was for several years a member of the State House of Representa tives, serving one year as speaker; was elected a representative from Connecticut in the Twenty-sixth Congress, as a Whig (to fill the vacancy occasioned by the resignation of William L. Storrs), receiving 7,158 votes against 6,102 votes for C. A. Ingersoll, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress, receiving 991 majority, serving from De cember 7, 1840, Until March 3, 1843. Boarman, Aleck, was born in Mississippi in 1830; was educated at the Kentucky Military lusti- 290 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. tute, Frankfort, Kentucky ; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Shreveport; was elected a representative from Louisiana (in place of James McCleary, deceased), as a Liberal, and served from December ;3, 1872, to March 3, 1873. Bockee, Abraham, was born at Northeast, Dutchess County, New York, in 17S3; received a public-school education; was a member of the State Assembly in 1820; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-first Congress, as a Jackson Democrat, serving from December 7, 1829, to March 3, 1831 ; was again elected to the Twenty-third Con gress, and re-elected to the Twenty-fourth Congress, serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1837 ; was a member of the State Senate 1842-1845; was first judge of the Dutchess-county court 18-10; and died at Poughkeepsie, June 1, 1805. Bocock, Thomas S., was born in Buckingham County, Virginia, 1815; received a classical educa tion, graduating at Hampdcn-Sidney College; stud ied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Appomattox Court House, Virginia; was State s attorney for Appomattox County 1845-1840; was successively elected several times to the Vir ginia House of Delegates; was elected a represen tative from Virginia in the Thirtieth Congress, as a Democrat, receiving 2,203 votes against 2,243 votes for Irving, Whig; was re-elected to the Thirty-first Congress, receiving 2,097 votes against 2,338 for Ir ving; was re-elected to the Thirty-second Congress, receiving 2,857 votes against 2,095 votes for Goggin, Whig; was re-elected to the Thirty-third Congress, receiving 4,384 votes against 3,912 votes for Wootton, Whig, and 428 votes for Arnctt, Independent; was re-elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress, receiving 5,974 votes against 4,073 votes for Claiborne, Ameri can; was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress without opposition; was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress without opposition, serving from December 6, 1847, until March 3, 1801; was elected in 1801 a representative from Virginia in the Confederate Con gress, and was re-elected in 1803. Boden, Andrew, was born at Carlisle, Penn sylvania; received a public-school education; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Fifteenth Congress; and was re-elected to the Six teenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1817, to March 3, 1821. Bodle, Charles, was a native of Sullivan Coun ty, New York; held several local offices at Blooming- burg; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-third Congress, serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1835; died at New-York City in 1830. Boerum, Simon, was born at Brooklyn, New York; received a liberal education; was county clerk of King s County 1750-1775; was a member of the Colonial Assembly 1701-1775; was a deputy to the Provincial Convention, April, 1775; was a delegate from New York to the Continental Congress 1775- 1777. Bogy, Lewis V., was born at St. Genevieve, Mis souri, April 9, 1813; is a descendant of the French pioneers who came to that region when it belonged to France; was educated in the common schools; in early life was a clerk in a store ; afterward studied law under Judge Pope in Illinois, and then at the Law School at Lexington, Kentucky, where he gradu ated in the spring of 1886, and at once commenced practice at St. Louis; was elected several times a member of the State legislature of Missouri; was commissioner of Indian affairs in 1807 and 1808; was one of the projectors of the St. Louis and Iron Mountain Eailroad, of which he was for two years president; was elected United-States senator from Missouri, as a Democrat, to succeed F. P. Blair, Democrat, and took his seat March 4, 1873; died at St. Louis, Missouri, September 20, 1877. Bokee, David A., was born in New- York City October 0, 1SG5; received a public-school education; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-first Congress, as a Whig, receiving 8,108 votes against 1,087 votes for Crooke, Democrat, and serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1851 ; was appointed by President Fillmore naval officer of the port of New York; and while on a visit to Washing ton Cily was found dead in his room, March 10, 1800. Boles, Thomas, was born in Johnson County, Arkansas, July 10, 1837; was raised on a farm; re ceived a limited common-school education; was deputy-clerk of the circuit court of Yell County in 1859-1800, during which time he studied law, and was admitted to the bar in September, 1800; served in the Union army as captain during the war for the suppression of the Rebellion; was elected in June, 1805, circuit judge of the fourth judicial circuit of Arkansas, and resigned April 20, 1808, when elected to Congress; was elected a representative from Ar kansas in the Fortieth Congress, as a Republican, without opposition ; was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress, receiving 9,547 votes against 5,580 votes for Nash, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Forty- second Congress, receiving 10,344 votes against 8,211 votes for John Edwards, Liberal Republican. Mr. Edwards received the certificate of election, and took the seat; but the house declared Mr. Boles entitled to it, and he was sworn in February 9, 1872, serving from June 24, 1808, until March 3, 1873. Bond, William Key, was born in St. Mary s County, Maryland; received a classical education; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Chillicothe, Ohio; was elected a repre sentative from Ohio in the Twenty-fourth Congress as a Whig ; was re-elected to the Twenty-fifth Con gress, and was re-elected to the Twenty-sixth Con gress, serving from December 7, 1835, to March 3, 1841 ; was appointed collector of customs at Cincin nati ; and died there February 17, 1874. Bond, Shadrack, was born in Maryland; re ceived a liberal education; removed to Kaskasia (now in the State of Illinois, then in Indiana Territo ry); was a member of the legislature of the Territory of Illinois, and its first delegate in the House of Rep resentatives, serving from December 3, 1812, to April 18, 1814; was appointed receiver of public moneys at Kaskasia in 1814; was the first governor of Illinois after its admission as a State 1818-1822 ; died at Kas kasia, Illinois, after a long and painful illness, April 13, 1832. Bonzano, M. P., was born in Louisiana; and was elected a representative from that State in the Thirty-eighth Congress, as a Republican, receiving 1,009 votes against 1,450 votes for all others. A ma jority of the committee on elections reported that he was entitled to a seat; but such was the opposition, that no vote was taken on the resolution, although, on the last day of the session, he was voted two thou sand dollars for compensation mileage and expenses. Bonham, Milledge L., was born in South Carolina, MayO, 1815; received a classical education, raduating at the University of South Carolina in 1834; studied law; was admitted to the bar at Columbia in 1837, and commenced practice at Edge- field, South Carolina; served in the Mexican war as commandant of a battalion of South-Carolina volun teers; was State solicitor for the southern circuit 1848-1850; was major-general of militia; was elected a representative from South Carolina in the Thirty- fifth Congress as a State-rights Democrat, receiving 1,000 majority over Charles P. Sullivan, and re- elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress without oppo sition, serving from December 7, 1857, until he with- Irew, with the other members of the South-Carolina delegation, December 21, 1800; was a commissioner from South Carolina to Mississippi ; was detailed as major-general to command the South-Carolina troops, and afterwards appointed brigadier-general in the Confederate army, taking part in the battles of Blackburn s Ford and Bull Run, in command of a jrigade of South-Carolinians; was elected a repre- STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 291 sentative from South Carolina in the Confederate Congress, and served until governor of South Caro lina 1862-1804; returned to the Confederate army, and served until the close of the war; was a dele gate to the National Democratic Convention at New York in 1868. Bpody, Azariah, was born in New- York City; received a public-school education; engaged largely in the construction of railroads ; was elected a repre sentative from New York in the Thirty-third Con gress, as a Whig, receiving 7,290 votes against 6,578 votes for Field, Democrat, and 641 for Foss, Free- Soilcr; was compelled to resign before taking his seat, because of the extensive railroad contracts into which he had entered, but could not complete before the commencement of the session. Booker, George W., was born in the county of Patrick, Virginia, December 5, 1821; received a common-school education; studied law, and taught school ; was elected a justice of the peace in the county of Henry; and was presiding justice of Heii- ry-county court, which position he occupied for ten years; was an unconditional Union man during the war of the Rebellion ; was elected to the House of Delegates of the legislature of the State of Virginia in 1865; was nominated by the Republican party in 1868, and elected attorney-general on the Wells ticket; which position he resigned in 1869, and was elected a representative from Virginia in the Forty-first Con gress in July, 1869, as a Conservative, receiving 13,- 101 votes against 9,568 votes for Tucker, Conserva tive, and 4,639 votes for Stowell, Independent, and serving from January 31, 1870, until March 3, 1871. Boon, Ratliff, was born in Franklin County, North Carolina, in 1781 ; received a public-school edu cation; removed to Indiana; was elected a represen tative from that State in the Nineteenth Congress, as a Jackson Democrat, serving from December 5, 1825, to March 3, 1827; was defeated as a Jackso- nian candidate for the Twentieth Congress, receiving 5,138 votes against 5,222 votes for Blake, Adams Republican; was again elected to the Twenty-first Congress by 78 majority, and was re-elected to the Twenty-second, Twenty-third, Twenty-fourth, and Twenty-fifth Congresses, serving from December 7, 1829, to March 3, 1839 ; died in Louisiana, November 20, 1844. Boone, Andrew R., was born in Davidson County, Tennessee, April 4, 1831, and removed with his parents in 1833 to Graves County, Kentucky; re ceived a limited English education ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in October, 1851; was elected judge of the Graves-county court in 1854 for four years, and was re-elected in 1858; resigned as county judge in 1861, and was elected to the Kentucky legislature in that year, but resigned that position in the same year; was elected circuit judge for the first judicial district of Kentucky in 1868 for six years; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Forty-fourth Congress, as a Democrat, receiving 5,882 votes against 5,801 votes for O. Turner, Inde pendent Democrat, and 1,255 votes for T. J. Pickett, Independent Republican; and was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 10,994 votes against 5,835 votes for Henry M. Houston, Republican, serv ing from December (i, 1875. Booth, Newton, was born at Salem, Indiana, December 25, 1825; graduated at the Asbury Uni versity in 1846; studied law at Terre Haute; was ad mitted to the bar in 1850, and removed to California, where he temporarily abandoned his profession, and engaged in mercantile pursuits at Sacramento; re turning to Terre Haute in 1857, he practised lajv there in 1860, when he again went to California; was elected to the State Senate of California in 1863; was elected governor of California in 1871, and served until March, 1874, when he resigned, having been elected United-States senator from California, as an anti-monopolist, to succeed Eugene Casserly, Demo crat (whose unexpired term had been filled by the election of John S. Hager, anti-monopolist), and took his seat March 9, 1875; his term of service will expire March 3, 1881. Booth, Walter, was born at Woodbridge, Con necticut, December 8, 1791 ; received a public-school education; located at Meriden, where he became largely interested in manufactures; was for several years a member of the State Assembly and of the State Senate; was associate judge of the county court 1834; was major-general of militia; was elected to the Thirty-first Congress as a Free-Soiler, receiving 6,672 votes against 6,532 votes for Babcock, and 139 scattering, and serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1851. Borden, Joseph, was an early settler at Borden- town, New Jersey; was a delegate from New Jersey to the Colonial Congress which met at New York October 7, 1765 ; his residence was burned by British troops in 1778. Borden, Nathaniel B., was born at Fall River, Massachusetts, April 15, 1801 ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1831 and 1834; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Twenty-fourth Congress, on the second trial, as a Van Burcn Democrat, receiving 4,400 votes against 3,684 votes for Baylies, Whig; "and was re-elected to the Twenty -fifth Congress, receiving 3,093 votes against 1,411 votes for all others, serving from De cember 7, 1835, to March 3, 1839; was defeated as the Whig candidate for election to the Twenty-sixth Congress, receiving 2,920 votes against 3,306 votes for Williams, Democrat; was again elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress, as a Whig, on the second trial, serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1843; was a State senator 1845-1848, and a member of the State House of Representatives in 1851 ; and died at Fall River, Massachusetts, April 10, 1865. Boreman, Arthur Inghram, was born at Waynesburg, Pennsylvania, July 24, 1823; when a child, removed with his father to Western Virginia; received a common-school education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1845, and commenced practice at Parkersburg; in 1855 he was elected to the House of Delegates of Virginia, and was re-elected until 1800; was also a member of the extra session of the legislature in 1861, taking an active part against the secession movement; was president of the Wheel ing convention of 1801 to re-organize the government of Virginia; in October of that year he was elected a judge of the circuit court, and held the office until 1803, when he was elected governor of West Virginia, and was twice re-elected, and was still in that office when he was elected United-States senator from West Virginia, as a Republican, serving from March 4, 1869, to March 3, 1875. Borland, Charles, jun., was born in Orange County, New York; was a member of the General Assembly in 1820-1821 ; was elected a representative from New York in the Seventeenth Congress to fill the vacancy caused by the death of S. Tuthill, re ceiving a majority of 149 votes over John Duer, and serving from December 3, 1821, to March 3, 1823; was again a member of the General Assembly of the State of New York in 1836. Borland, Solon, was born in Virginia; received a classical education in North Carolina; studied medicine; was admitted to practice, and located at Little Rock, Arkansas; served throughout the Mexi can war as major of Yell s Arkansas Volunteer Cav alry, and as volunteer aide to Major-General North ; was appointed United-States senator from Arkansas, as a Democrat, by the governor of that State, to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Ambrose H. Sevier; and was subsequently elected by the legisla ture to fill Mr. Sevicr s unexpired term, serving from April 24, 1848, to March 3, 1853; was appointed by President Pierce minister to Nicaragua and the other Central-American republics, serving from April 18, 1853, to June 30,1854; was appointed governor of New Mexico, but declined; resumed the practice 292 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. of medicine at Little Rock; raised a brigade of Con federate troops, and took possession of Fort Smith, April 24, 18(51, before Arkansas had seceded; raised the Third Arkansas Confederate Cavalry, and was its colonel; was appointed a brigadier-general in the Confederate service; and died in Texas, January 31, ISM. Borst, Peter I., was born at Middlebury, New York; received a public-school education; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-first Congress, as a Jackson Democrat, serving from De cember 7, 1829, to March 3, 1831 ; died at Middlebury, New York, November 14, 1848. Boss, John L., jun., was elected a representa tive from Rhode Island in the Fourteenth Congress; and was re-elected to the Fifteenth Congress, serving from December 4, 1815, to March 3, 1811). Bossier, Pierre Evariste, was a native of Louisiana, of a Creole family, which was among the earliest settlers of the French colony; received a thorough classical education ; served ten years in the State Senate; was elected a representative from Louisiana in the Twenty-eighth Congress, as a Cal- houn Democrat, by a large majority, serving from December 4, 1843, until his death, after a protracted illness, at Washington, April 24, 1844. Boteler, Alexander R., was born at Shepherds- town, Jefferson County, Virginia, May 16, 1815; re ceived a classical education, graduating at Princeton College in 1835; devoted himself to agriculture and literature at his rural home; was an elector on the Whig ticket in 1852, and on the American ticket in 1856 ; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Thirty-sixth Congress, as a National American, receiving 6,616 votes against 6,449 votes for Faulkner, Democrat, and serving from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 1861 ; opposed secession until Virginia had seceded ; was chosen by the State convention a rep resentative from Virginia in the Provisional Confed erate Congress (in the place of James M. Mason, resigned), November 19, 1861; was elected a repre sentative from Virginia in the First Confederate Congress, serving from February, 1862, to February, 1864; was appointed a member of the Centennial Commission. Botts, John Minor, was born at Dumfries, Virginia, September 16, 1802 ; he was left an orphan in 1811, his parents having perished when the Rich- mond Theatre was burned ; received a thorough Eng lish education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1820; practised for six years, and then abandoned the profession for agricultural pursuits ; \vas a mem ber of the State House of Representatives 1833-1839 ; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Twenty-sixth Congress, as a Henry Clay Whig, re ceiving 1,459 votes against 1,251 votes for W. Seklen, Democrat ; and was re-elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress, serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1843 ; was defeated as the Whig candidate for the Twenty-eighth Congress, receiving 2,334 votes against 2,363 votes for John W. Jones, Democrat, the House deciding that the returns were correct; was again elected to the Thirtieth Congress, as a Henry Clay Whig, receiving 3,062 votes against 2,468 votes for S. F. Leake, serving from December 6, 1847, to March 3, 1849 ; was defeated as the Whig candidate for the Thirty-first Congress, receiving 2,458 votes against 2,944 for James A. Seddon, and 317 votes for Lee, Independent Whig; was defeated as the Whig candi date for the Thirty-second Congress, receiving 2,472 votes against 2,960 votes for John S. Caskie, Demo crat; opposed the secession of Virginia, and was im prisoned in 1862 for his devotion to the Union ; was a delegate to the Southern Loyalists Convention in 1866; and died at Richmond, Virginia, Januarys, 1869. He published "The Great Rebellion; its Se cret History." Bouch, Gabriel, was born in the State of New York; removed to Wisconsin, and located at Oshkosh ; and was elected a representative from Wisconsin in the Forty-fifth Congress, as a Democrat, receiving 20,623 votes against 17,847 votes for A. M. Kimball, Republican. Bouck, Joseph, was born in New York; re ceived a public-school education ; was elected a rep resentative from New York in the Twenty-second Congress, serving from December 5, 1831, to March 3, 1833. Boude, Thomas, was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Seventh Congress, serving from December 7, 1801, to March 3, 1803. Boudinot, Elias, was born at Philadelphia, May 2, 1740; received a classical education; studied laAV with Richard Stockton ; was admitted to the bar of New Jersey, and commenced practice ; was com missary-general of prisoners in the Revolutionary army 1776-1779; was a delegate from New Jersey in the Continental Congress, serving 1777-1778 and 1781-1784; resumed the practice of law at Philadel phia; was elected a representative from Pennsylva nia in the First Congress, and re-elected to the Sec ond and Third Congresses, serving from March 4, 1789, to March 3, 1795; was director of the national mint from October, 1795, to July, 1805. Locating at Burlington, he devoted his time to biblical litera ture, and his fortune to charitable and religious pur poses; and died at Burlington, New Jersey, October 24, 1821. Bouldin, James W. (brother of Thomas T. Bouldin), was born in Virginia; Avas elected a repre sentative from Virginia in the Twenty-third Congress (to fill the vacancy occasioned by the sudden death of Thomas J. Bouldin), as a Jackson Democrat, re ceiving 1,038 votes against 737 votes for Nathaniel B. Tucker, anti- Jackson Democrat; w T as re-elected to the Twenty-fourth Congress, defeating Philip A. Boiling, Whig; and was re-elected to the TAventy- iif th Congress, serving from March 28, 1834, to March 3, 1839. Bouldin, Thomas T. (brother of James W. Bouldin), was born in Virginia in 1772; received a thorough English education while working on a farm; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised; was appointed judge of the General Court, and served until he was elected to the Twenty-first Congress, as a Democrat, receiving a majority of 28 votes over George W. Crump, Jack son Democrat, and serving from December 7, 1829; was re-elected to the Twenty-second Congress by a majority of 449 votes over George W. Crump ; and was re-elected to the Twenty-third Congress, defeat ing Daniel A. Wilson; but, soon after he entered upon his third term, he was rebuked by Hon. Henry A. Wise, one of his colleagues, for having failed to call the attention of the house to the death of his predecessor, John Randolph, and, as he rose to reply, was seized with an apoplectic fit, dying instantly, February 11, 1834. His wife witnessed the appalling scene from the gallery. Bouligney, Dominique, was born in Louisi ana; received a public-school education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice at New Orleans; was elected a United-States senator from Louisiana (in place of Henry Johnson, resigned), and served from December 21, 1824, until March 3, 1829; died at New Orleans, Louisiana, March 5, 1833. Bouligney, John Edmund (nephew of Domi nique Bouligney), was born at New Orleans, Febru ary 5, 1824; received a public-school education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and com menced practice at New Orleans, where he held sev eral local offices; was elected a representative from Louisiana in the Thirty-sixth Congress, as a Na tional American, receiving 2,215 votes against 1,796 votes for La Sere, Democrat, serving from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 1861, he being the only repre sentative from a State which seceded who did not leave his scat. He died at Washington City, of con sumption, February 20, 1864. STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 293 Bourn, Benjamin, was born at Bristol, Rhode Island, September .!, 1755; received a classical educa tion, graduating at Harvard College in 1775; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Provi dence, where he filled several public positions; was a member of the General Assembly of Rhode Island ; was quartermaster of the Second Rhode-Island Regi ment in 1770; was one of a committee sent with a petition from Rhode Island to the Continental Con gress in 1789; was elected the first representative from Rhode Island to the First Congress, and was re-elected to the Second, Third, and Fourth Con gresses, serving from December 17, 1790, to 1796, when he resigned ; was appointed judge of the Unit ed-States District Court for the District of Rhode Island in 1801. Bourne, Shearjashub, was born in Massachu setts; received a classical education, graduating at Harvard College in 17(54; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Boston; was chief justice of the Court of Common Pleas for Suf folk County, Massachusetts ; was elected a represen tative from Massachusetts in the Second Congress, and re-elected to the Third Congress, serving from October 24, 1791, to March 3, 1795; and died 1800. Boutwell, George Sewall, was born at Brook- line, Massachusetts, January 28, 1818; received a public-school education; was engaged in mercantile pursuits at Groton previous to 1850; commenced the study of law in 1838, and began practice in 1853; was a member of the legislature of Massachusetts in 1842, 1843, 1844, 1847, 1848, 1849, and 1850 ; was State bank commissioner in 1849 and 1850; was governor of Massachusetts in 1851 and 1852 ; was a member of the Massachusetts Constitutional Convention in 1853; was secretary of the State Board of Education of Massachusetts from October, 1855, until January, 1801 ; was a member of the Board of Overseers of Harvard College from 1850 to 1800; was a member of the Peace Congress of 1801 ; was the first com missioner of internal revenue in 1802 and 1803; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Thirty-eighth Congress, as a Republican, receiving 7,994 votes against 6,490 votes for Thomas, people s candidate; was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Con gress, receiving 12,087 votes against 5,433 votes for Sweetser, Democrat; was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, receiving 9,847 votes against 2,885 votes for Saltonstall, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress, but resigned on being appointed secretary of the treasury by President Grant, March 11, 1809; resigned as secretary of the treasury in March, 1873, having been elected United-States sen ator from Massachusetts to succeed Henry Wilson, and served in the Senate to March 3, 1877 ; was ap pointed by President Hayes commissioner to codify and edit the statutes at large in March, 1877. Bovee, Matthias J., was born in New York; received a public-school education; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-fourth Congress, as a Democrat, serving from December 7, 1835, to March 3, 1837. Bowden, Lemuel J., was born at Williams- burg, Virginia, January 1(5, 1815; received a classical education, graduating at William and Mary College; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice; was a member of the Virginia Constitu tional Conventions of 1849 and 1851 ; was a presiden tial elector in 1801; was elected a United-States senator from Virginia for six years from March 3, 1803, but died of the small-pox, at Washington, January 2, 1864. Bowdoin, James, was born at Boston, Massa chusetts, August 8, 1727; received a classical educa tion, graduating at Harvard College in 1745; devoted himself to literary and scientific pursuits; was a member of the General Court of Massachusetts in 1753, and provincial senator and councillor in 1750; was again chosen councillor in 1709, but was nega tived by Governor Bernard, and immediately after wards again elected a representative in the General Court; was chosen a delegate from Massachusetts in the Continental Congress in 1774, but was prevented by ill-health from serving; took an active part in the Revolutionary struggle ; was president of the State Constitutional Convention of 1778; was governor of Massachusetts in 1785-1786; was a founder of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, and of the Massachusetts Humane Society; and died at Boston, November 6, 1790. He contributed three pieces to the "Pietas et Gratulatis," published on the acces sion of George III. to the British throne ; and pub lished a volume of poems anonymously at Boston in 1759. Bowden, Franklin W., was born at Talladega, Alabama; received a classical education, graduating at the University of Alabama; studied law; was ad mitted to the bar, and commenced practice; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1844-1845 ; was elected a representative from Alabama in the Twenty-ninth Congress (to fill a vacancy caused by the death of Felix G. McConnell), defeat ing T. A. Walker, both Democrats; was re-elected to the Thirtieth Congress, as a Democrat, receiving 5,419 votes against 4,024 votes for S. F. Rice, and 793 votes for Phillips, both Democrats ; and was re- elected to the Thirty-first Congress, as a Democrat, receiving 6,033 votes against 4,895 votes for J. T. Bradford, Whig, serving from December 7, 1840, to March 3, 1851 ; he removed in 1852 to Texas, where he practised his profession ; -he was a presidential elector on the Buchanan and Breckinridge ticket in 1856 ; and he died at Henderson, Texas, June 8. 1857. Bowen, Christopher Columbus, was born in Rhode Island January 5, 1832 ; removed to Georgia in 1850; studied and practised law; removed to Charleston in 1802; in 1807 was elected to the Constitutional Convention of South Carolina held under the reconstruction acts of the Thirty-ninth and Fortieth Congresses; was elected a representa tive from South Carolina in the Fortieth Congress, and was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress, as a Republican, receiving 25,845 votes against 8,290 votes for Seymour, Democrat, serring from July 20, 1868, to March 3, 1871 ; was defeated as the Independent Republican candidate for the Forty-second Congress, receiving 15,700 votes against 10,080 votes for De- Large, Republican; was elected sheriff of Charles ton in November, 1872. Bowen, John H., received a.public-school edu cation; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirteenth Congress, as a Democrat, serving from May 14, 1813, to March 3, 1815. Bowen, Rees T., was born in Tazewell County, Virginia, January 10, 1809; received an academic education; was a farmer and grazier; was represen tative from Tazewell County in the legislature of Virginia in 18(53 and 1864; was a magistrate for sev eral years prior to the war, and the presiding justice of the county court a portion of the time ; and was elected a representative from Virginia in the Forty- third Congress, as a Conservative, receiving 10,352 votes against 5,304 votes for R. W. Hughes, Republi can, serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1875. Bower, Gustavus B., was born in Virginia; received a public-school education; removed to Mis souri; was elected a representative from that State in the Twenty-eighth Congress, as a Democrat, on a general ticket, and serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1845. Bowers, John M., was born at Boston, Mas sachusetts; received a classical education, gradu ating at Columbia College, New York; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Cooperstown, New York, in 1800; was elected a rep resentative from New York in the Thirteenth Con gress, serving from June 21, 1813, to December 20, 1813, when the House gave his seat to Isaac Wil liams, juu. ; and he died at Cooperstown, New York. 294 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Bowie, Richard T., was born at Georgetown, District of Columbia, June 23, 1807 ; received a clas sical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Rockville, Maryland, in 1827; was a member of the Maryland legislature in 1836-1837; was a delegate to the Whig National Convention at Harrisburg in 1840; was elected a rep resentative from Maryland in the Thirty-first Con gress, as a Whig, receiving 4,283 votes without oppo sition, and was re-elected to the Thirty-second Con gress, defeating Thomas F. Bowie, Independent Whig, and serving from December 3, 1840, to March 3, 1853. Bowie, Thomas F., was born at Queen Anne, Prince George County, Maryland, April 7, 1808; re ceived a classical education, graduating at Union College in 1837; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Upper Marlborough, Maryland; was for sixteen years deputy attorney- general for Prince George County; served three terms in the State legislature; was elected a repre sentative from Maryland in the Thirty-fourth Con gress, as a Whig; was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, serving from December I, 1855, to March 3, 1859; died at Upper Marlborough, Maryland, Octo ber 30, 1869. Bowie, Walter, was born in Prince George County, Maryland ; was a member of the Maryland Constitutional Convention of 1776; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Seventh Con gress to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of William Sprigg; was re-elected to the Eighth Con gress, serving from March 24, 1802, to March 3, 1805. Bowler, Metcalfe, was a delegate from Rhode Island to the Colonial Congress which met at New York October 7, 1865; was a member of the State General Assembly, and speaker, 1774. Bowlin, James Butler, was born in Spottsyl- vania County, Virginia, in 1804; was apprenticed to a mechanical trade, but abandoned it, and by teach ing school acquired a classical education; removed in 1825 to Greenbrier County, where he studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1827, and commenced practice; removed to St. Louis in 1827, commenced practice, and established "The Farmers and Me chanics Advocate;" was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1836; was defeated as a candidate for the State legislature in 1837 ; was ap pointed district-attorney for St. Louis in 1837; was elected judge of the criminal court in 1839; was elected a representative from Missouri in the Twenty- eighth Congress, as a Democrat, and was re-elected to the Twenty-ninth, Thirtieth, and Thirty-first Con gresses, always on general tickets, and serving from December 1, 1843, to March 3, 1851; was appointed by President Buchanan commissioner to Paraguay, serving from September 9, 1858, to February 10, 1859. Bowne, Obadiah, was born on Staten Island, New York, May 19, 1822 ; received a classical educa tion, graduating at Princeton College; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-sec ond Congress, as a Whig, receiving 7,723 votes against 6,426 votes for Bogardus, Democrat, and serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1853; studied law with out intending to practice; was a quarantine commis sioner 1857-1859; was a Lincoln presidential elector in 1866. Domestic difficulties drove him to intemper ance, and, after squandering a large fortune, he be came reduced to destitution; he committed suicide by taking opium, on Staten Island, April 27, 1874. Bowne, Samuel S., was born in the State of New York in 1795; received a public-school educa tion; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Otsego County; was a mem ber of the State Assembly of New York in 1834; was elected a representative from New York in the Twen ty-seventh Congress, as a Van Buren Democrat, receiving 5,612 votes against 4,831 votes for D. M. Hard, Whig, and serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1843; was judge of Otsego County in 1857; died in Otsego County, New York, July 15, 1875. Boyce, W^illiam W., was born at Charleston, South Carolina, October 24, 1819; received a classical education at the College of South Carolina and Vir ginia University; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Winnsborough, South Carolina; was elected a representative from South Carolina in the Thirty-third Congress, as a State-rights Democrat, receiving 2,549 votes against 2,270 votes for Moses, State-rights Democrat, and 180 votes for O Hanlon, Independent, and was re-elected to the Thirty-fourth, Thirty-fifth, and Thirty-sixth Congresses without opposition, serving from Decem ber 5, 1853, until he vacated his seat after the secession of South Carolina, December 21, 1860; was appointed a delegate from South Carolina to the Provisional Congress January 4, 1861; was elected to the First Confederate Congress, and re-elected to the Second, serving from February 10, 1862, to February 18, 1864; removed to Washington City, and practised law. Boyd, Adam, was a native of New Jersey ; was active in the colonial resistance to British authority, and during the Revolutionary struggle was a leading citizen at Hackensack, holding several local offices; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Eighth Congress, as a Democrat, on a general ticket, serving from October 17, 1803, to March 3, 1805 ; was again elected to the Tenth Congress (to fill a vacancy caused by the death of Ezra Darby, deceased); was re-elected to the Eleventh Congress on a general ticket, which received 18,705 votes against 14,702 votes for the Federal ticket; was re-elected to the Twelfth Congress, and served from April 4, 1808, to March 3, 1813 ; died at Hackensack, New Jersey, at an advanced age. Boyd, Alexander, was a native of New York, and was elected a representative from that State in the Thirteenth Congress on the " Peace and Com merce " ticket, serving from May 24, 1813, to March 3, 1815. Boyd, John H., was born at Whitehall, New York; received a public education; was a member of the State Assembly in 1840; was elected a repre sentative from New York in the Thirty-second Con gress, as a Whig, receiving 6,286 votes against 4,415 votes for Thompson, Democrat, and serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1853; died at White hall, New York, July 21, 1868. Boyd, Linn, was born at Nashville, Tennessee, November 28, 1800; his parents soon afterwards set tled on the eastern bank of the Cumberland River, in Trigg County, Kentucky, where he was brought up to labor on the farm, while he acquired a scanty education by winter attendance at public schools; in 1826 he located himself on a farm in Calloway County, Kentucky; was a member of the State legis lature 1827-1830; returned to Trigg County, which he represented in the State legislature in 1831-1832; was defeated as a Democratic candidate for the Twenty-third Congress by C. Lyon, Democrat; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Twenty-fourth Congress, as a Democrat, serving from December 7, 1835, to March 3, 1837; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Twenty-fifth Congress, receiving 2,547 votes against 2.921 votes for Murray, Democrat, and 1,885 votes for Campbell, Whig; was again elected to the Twenty-sixth Con gress, as a Democrat, receiving 3,665 votes against 2,513 votes for Patterson, Whig, and 2,138 votes for Murray, Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty- seventh Congress, defeating Barbour, Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-eighth Congress, receiving 6,097 votes against 4,648 votes for Barbour, Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-ninth Congress without opposition ; was re-elected to the Thirtieth Congress, receiving 7,421 votes against 4,194 votes for Delany, Whig; was re-elected to the Thirty-first Congress without opposition; was re-elected to the Thirty- second Congress, receiving 6,638 votes against 3,746 STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 295 votes for M Carty, Whig; and was re-elected to the Thirty-third Congress, receiving 7,585 votes against 5,590 votes for Brown, Independent Democrat, serv ing from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1855; was speaker of the House in the Thirty-second and Thirty-third Congresses; was lieutenant-governor of Kentucky one year; and died at Paducah, Ken tucky, December 10, 1859. Boyd, Sempronius H., was born in William son County, Tennessee, May 28, 1828; received a good English education ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar in 1855, and practised at Springfield, Mis souri ; was clerk of the court ; was mayor of Spring field in 1857; entered the Union army in 1801 as the commander of a regiment known as the " Lyon Le gion," which he raised; was elected a representative from Missouri in the Thirty-eighth Congress, as an Emancipationist, receiving 3,072 votes against 1,840 votes for Phelps, Democrat, and serving from Decem ber 7, 18G3, to March 3, 18(55; returned to the duties of his profession; was judge of the fourteenth judi cial circuit of Missouri ; was a delegate to the Balti more Convention in 1804; raised the Forty-sixth Mis souri Infantry in 1805; supported General Grant for President in convention; and was again elected to the Forty-first Congress, as a Republican, receiving 8,927 votes against 4,955 votes for McAfee, Democrat, and 1,384 votes for Kelso, Republican, serving from March 4, 1809, to March 3, 1871. Boyd, Thomas A., was born in Adams County, Pennsylvania, June 25, 1830; received a classical education, graduating at Marshall College, Mercers- burg, Pennsylvania, in 1848; studied law at Cham- bersburg, Pennsylvania; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Bedford, Pennsylvania; removed to Illinois in 1850, and continued in his pro fession; entered the Union army in 1801 as captain in the Seventeenth Illinois Volunteer Infantry; was elected to the State Senate in 1800, and re-elected in 1870; and was elected a representative from Illinois in the Forty-fifth Congress, as a Republican, receiving 14,548 votes against 14,001 votes for George A. Wil son, Democrat, and 078 votes for W. M. Matthews, Independent. Boyden, Nathaniel, was born at Franklin, Massachusetts, August 10, J790; received a classical education, graduating at Union College, Schenec- tady, in 1821; removed to Stokes County, North Carolina, in 1822; taught school; studied law, and was admitted to the bar; was a member of the House of Commons of North Carolina in 1838 and 1840, and of the State Senate in 1844; removed to Salisbury, and was elected a representative in the Thirtieth Congress, as a Whig, receiving 3,882 votes against 3,025 votes for Bolge, Independent Whig, arid 000 votes forVogler, Democrat, and serving from Decem ber 0, 1847, to March 3, 1849 ; declined a re-election on account of professional engagements ; was a mem ber of the legislature of North Carolina under the Confederate Government; was again elected to the Fortieth Congress, as a Republican, serving from July 13, 1808, to March 3, 1809; was defeated as the Re publican candidate for re-election to the Forty-first Congress, receiving 11,103 votes against 12,192 votes for Shober, Democrat. Boyer, Benjamin M., was born in Montgom ery County, Pennsylvania, January 22, 1823; gradu ated at the University of Pennsylvania; studied and practised law; was district-attorney of Montgomery County, Pennsylvania, from 1848 until 1850; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-ninth Congress, as a Democrat, receiving 12,- 847 votes against 9,001 votes for Bullock, Repub lican ; and was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, receiving 14,009 votes against 11,447 votes for Thomas, Republican, serving from December 4, 1805, to March 3, 1809. Boyle, John, was born in Botecourt County, Virginia, October, 28, 1774; was taken by his father to Kentucky in 1779; received a good education; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Lancaster in 1797; was elected a repre sentative from Kentucky in the Eighth Congress, and was re-elected to the Ninth and Tenth Con gresses, serving from October 17, 1803, to March 3, 1809; was appointed governor of Illinois Territory, but did not serve; was judge of the Court of Appeals of Kentucky from April, 1809, to April, 1810, and chief justice of that court from April, 1810, to No vember 8, 1820; was United-States district judge for the District of Kentucky from November 8, 1820, to his death, January 28, 1834. Brabson, Reese B., was born at Chattanooga, Tennessee; received a public -school education; was elected a representative from Tennessee in the Thirty- sixth Congress, as a Whig, receiving 8,372 votes against 8,313 votes for S. A. Smith, Democrat, and serving from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 1801. Brace, Jonathan, was born at Harrington, Con necticut, November 12, 1754; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1779; stud ied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Hartford; was prosecuting attorney for Hartford County, judge of probate, and chief judge of the county court; was elected a representative from Connecticut in the Fifth Congress to fill a vacancy made by the decease of Joshua Coit, and Avas re-elected to the Sixth Congress, serving from December -S, 1798, until he resigned in 1800; was several years a member of the State legislature of Connecticut, and for nine years mayor of Hartford, at which city he died August 20, 1837. Bradbury, George, was born at Falmouth, Massachusetts (afterwards Portland, Maine), in 1770; received a classical education, graduating at Har vard College in 1789; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Portland; was a member of the Massachusetts House of Repre sentatives from Portland in 1800-1810, 1811, and 1812; was elected a representative from the then Maine Dis trict of Massachusetts to the Thirteenth Congress, as a Federalist, defeating William Widgery, War Democrat, and was re-elected to the Fourteenth Con gress, serving from May 24, 1813, to March 3, 1817; resumed practice; was associate clerk of the Portland court 1817-1820; was a member of the State Senate of Maine in 1820; and died at Portland, Maine, Novem ber 7, 1823. Bradbury, James "W., was born in the Maine District of Massachusetts in 1805; received a classical education, graduating at Bowdoin College in 1825; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Augusta, Maine; was prosecuting attor ney 1834-1838 ; was a presidential elector on the Polk ticket in 1844; and was elected a United-States sena tor from Maine, as a Democrat, serving from Decem ber 0, 1847, to March 3, 1S53. Bradbury, Theophilus, was born at Newbury, Massachusetls, November 13, 1739; received a clas sical education, graduating at Harvard College in 1757; studied law while teaching school at Falmouth (now Portland, Maine) ; was admitted to the bar, and practised there 1701-1779; returned to Newbury, and practised there; was a member of the State Sen ate and House of Representatives; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Fourth Congress, and was re-elected to the Fifth Congress, serving from December 7, 1795, to 1797, when he resigned, having been appointed a judge of the Su preme Court of Massachusetts, a position which he held until his death at Newburyport, Massachusetts, September 0, 1803. Bradford, Allen A., was born at Friendship, Maine, July 23, 1815; received an academic educa tion; removed to Missouri in 1841; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice; was clerk of the Circuit Court of Atchison County, Mis souri, 1845-1851; removed to Iowa, and was judge of the sixth judicial district 1852-1855; removed to Nebraska, and was a member of the legislative coun- 296 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. cil 1856, 1857, and 1858; removed to Colorado in 18(50; was appointed by President Lincoln judge of the Supreme Court of Colorado June (>, 1S<>2; was elected a delegate from Colorado in the Thirty-ninth Congress, as a Republican, serving from December 4, 1865, to March 3, 18(37; was again elected to the Forty-iirst Congress, receiving 4,092 votes against 4,075 votes for Belden, Democrat, and serving from March 4, 1861), to March 3, 1871. Bradford, Taul, was born at Mardisville, Ala bama, January 20, 1835; received a classical educa tion, graduating at the University of Alabama in 1854; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1855, and has since practised; served in the Confederate army throughout the war ; was a member of the State legislature of Alabama in 1871 and 1872; and was elected a representative from Alabama in the Forty- fourth Congress, as a Democrat, receiving 19,424 votes against 14,076 votes for William II. Betts, Re publican, and serving from December 0, 1875. Bradford, ^William, was born at Plympton, Massachusetts, November 4, 1729; received a clas sical education ; studied medicine under Dr. Ezekiel Hersey, at Ilingham; commenced practice at Warren, Rhode Island, and a few years afterwards removed to Bristol, where he studied law, and practised that profession; he was a member of the Rhode-Island Committee of Correspondence in 1773; was chosen deputy-governor of Rhode Island in 1773 ; was elected a delegate from Rhode Island to the Conti nental Congress in 1773, but never took his seat; was a delegate from Rhode Island to confer with the governments of Massachusetts and Connecticut ; was a member of the State General Assembly, and one year its speaker ; was elected a United-States senator from Rhode Island, serving from December 2, 1793, until he resigned in 1797; was elected president of the Senate pro tern. July 6, 1797; died at Bristol, Rhode Island, July 6, 1808. Bradley, Edward, was born at East Bloomfield, New York, April, 1808; received a public-school edu cation ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Ontario County, New York ; was appointed associate judge of the Court of Com mon Pleas in 1836; removed to Michigan in 1839, and practised there ; was a member of the State Sen ate of Michigan in 1842 ; was elected a representative from Michigan in the Thirtieth Congress, as a Dem ocrat, receiving 9,515 votes against 8,678 votes for Gordon, Whig, and 1,127 votes for Hussey, Aboli tionist, but never took his seat, on account of ill- health ; died at New-York City August 5, 1847. Bradley, Nathan B., was born at Lee, Berk shire County, Massachusetts, May 28, 1831 ; removed with his parents to Lorain County, Ohio, in 1835, and settled on a farm in a locality which afforded bill limited opportunities for education; apprenticed himself at the age of sixteen to learn the trade of a custom clothier, and served the term of three years ; at the age of nineteen went to Oshkosh, Wisconsin, where he spent a year in the employ of lumber man ufacturers; returned to Ohio, where he remained about two years, and then went back to Michigan to engage in manufacturing lumber; was elected a jus tice of the peace three terms, a supervisor one term, an alderman three terms, and was the first mayor of Bay City after it obtained its charter, declining a renomination from both political parties at the close of the term ; was a candidate for the lower house of the State legislature ; was elected to the State Sen ate in 1866, but declined a renomination at the close of the term ; was elected a representative from Michigan in the Forty-third Congress, as a Republi can, receiving 11,333 votes against 7,995 votes for C. W. Wisner, Liberal; and was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Congress, receiving 10,258 votes against 9,997 votes for George F. Lewis, Democrat, serving from December 1, 1873, until March 3, 1877. Bradley, Stephen Row, was born at Walling- ford, Connecticut, February 20, 1754; received a classical education, graduating at Tale College in 1775; studied law under Judge Reeve; was admitted to the bar in May, 1779, and commenced practice; commanded a volunteer company in the Revolu tionary war, and served as aide-de-camp to General Wooster; removing to Vermont, he took an active part in organizing that State ; was elected a United- States senator from Vermont, as a Democrat, serving from October 24, 1791, to March 3, 1795; was again elected United-States senator in place of Elijah Paine resigned, and re-elected, serving from Decem ber 7, 1801, until March 3, 1813; was president pro tempore of the Senate during a part of the Seventh and Tenth Congresses; and died at Walpole, New Hampshire, December 16, 1830. Bradley, William Czar (son of Stephen Row Bradley), was born at Westminster, Vermont, March 23, 1783; received a classical education, entering Yale College, but leaving when a freshman, in 1796; studied law with his father; was admitted to the bar in 1802, and commenced practice at Westminster, Vermont ; was secretary of commissioners of bank ruptcy 1800-1803 ; was prosecuting attorney for Wind- ham County 1804-1811 ; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1806-1807 ; was a state coun cillor in 1812; was elected a representative from Ver mont in the Thirteenth Congress, as a War Democrat, serving from May 24, 1813, to March 3, 1815; was agent of the United States under the treaty of Ghent 1823-1827 ; was again elected to the Eighteenth Con gress, as a Democrat, and was re-elected to the Nine teenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1823, to March 3, 1827 ; was again elected to the State House of Representatives inlSSO; was a presidential elector on the Fremont ticket in 1856 ; was a member of the State Constitutional Convention in 1857 ; took a for mal farewell of the bar of Windham County, after fifty-six years of practice, in 1858; and died at West minster, Vermont, March 3, 1867. Bradshaw, Samuel C., was born at Plum- stead, Bucks County, Pennsylvania, June 10, 1809; received a public-school education; studied medi cine, graduating at the Pennsylvania Medical College in 1833, and commenced practice at Quakertown ; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-fourth Congress, as a Whig, receiving 8,527 votes against 8,182 votes for Bridges, Demo crat, and serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1857; was defeated as a Union candidate for the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving 8,789 votes against 10,321 votes for Chapman, Democrat. Brady, Jasper E., was born in New Jersey; received a public-school education ; learned the hat ter s trade; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Chambersburg, Pennsyl vania ; was elected a representative from Pennsylva nia in the Thirtieth Congress, as a Whig, serving from December 6, 1847, to March 3, 1849; was de feated as the Whig candidate for the Thirty-first Congress, receiving 8,015 votes against 8,182 votes for J. X. McLanahan, Democrat ; removed to Pitts- burg, Pennsylvania, and practised law; was ap pointed in 1861 a clerk in the office of the paymaster- general in the War Department ; died at Washington City January 23, 1870. Bragg, Edward S., was born at Unadilla, New York, February 20, 1827; received a classical educa tion, which was completed at Geneva College ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Fond- du-Lac, Wisconsin ; was a member of the State Sen ate of Wisconsin in 1868 and 1869; entered the Union army in May, 1861, as captain, and was mustered out of service in October, 1865, with the full rank of brigadier-general; and was elected a representative from Wisconsin in the Forty-fifth Congress, as a Democrat, receiving 19,544 votes against 14,031 votes for George W. Carter, Republican. Bragg, John (brother of Thomas Bragg), was born in Warren County, North Carolina; received a classical education, graduating at the University of STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 297 North Carolina in 1824; studied law under Judge Hall; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice ; was a member of the House of Commons of North Carolina in 1830-1834; removed in 1836 to Mobile, Alabama, where he practised ; was appointed judge of the tenth judicial circuit in 1842; elected by the legislature in 1844, re-elected in 1847, and re- elected by the people in 1850 ; was elected a repre sentative from Alabama in the Thirty-second Con gress, as a State-rights Democrat, receiving 6,113 votes against 4,254 votes for C. C. Langdon, Union Whig, serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1853 ; declined a re-election, and devoted himself to agricultural pursuits; was a delegate from Mobile to the State Convention of 1861. Bragg, Thomas (brother of John Bragg), was born in Warren County, North Carolina, November 9, 1810; was educated at the Military Academy at Middletown, Connecticut; studied law; was admit ted to the bar, and commenced practice at Jackson, North Carolina, in 1831 ; was a member of the House of Commons of North Carolina in 1842 ; was elected a presidential elector on the Pierce and King ticket in 1853 ; was governor of North Carolina in 1855-1859 ; was elected a United-States senator from North Car olina, as a Democrat, to succeed David S. Reid, Democrat; took his seat December 5, 1859, and re signed early in 1861, North Carolina having seceded from the Union ; was appointed by Jefferson Davis attorney-general of the Confederate States February 22, 1861, and served two years; was active in the im peachment of Governor Holden ; and died at Raleigh, North Carolina, January 21, 1872. Brainerd, Lawrence, was a prominent busi ness-man at St. Albans; was elected United-States senator from Vcnnont, as a Free-Soiler, to fill the vacancy caused by the death of William Upham, serv ing from December 4, 1854, to March 3, 1855. Branch, A. M., was elected a representative from Texas in the Thirty-ninth Congress ; and his credentials were presented January 10, 1S67 ; but he was not admitted to a seat. Branch, John, was born in Halifax County, North Carolina, November 4, 1782; received a classi cal education, graduating at the University of North Carolina in 1801 ; studied law with Judge John Hay- wood ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice ; was a member of the State Senate of North Caro lina in 1811, 1812, 1813, 1814, 1815, 1816, 1817, 1822, and 1834; was governor of North Carolina 1817-1820; was elected United-States senator in 1823, and re-elect ed in 1829, resigning when appointed by President Jackson secretary of the navy March 9, 1829, and re signed 1831; was elected a representative in the Twenty-second Congress, as a Democrat, serving from December 5, 1831, until March 3, 1833; was a member of the State Constitutional Convention in 1835; was the Democratic candidate for governor of North Carolina in 1838, and was defeated by Dudley, Whig; was appointed by President Tyler governor of Florida, serving from 1844 until the election of a governor under the State Constitution in 1845 ; died at Enfield, North Carolina, January 4, 1863. Branch, Lawrence O Brien (son of John Branch), was born in Halifax County, North Caro lina, July 7, 1820; received a classical education, graduating at Princeton College in 1838; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Raleigh; was elected a representative from North Carolina in the Tbirty-fourth Congress, as a Demo crat, receiving 5.881 votes against 3,310 votes for Shepard, American; was re-elected to the Thirty- fifth Congress, receiving 7,375 votes against 1,102 scattering votes, and was re-elected to the Thirty- sixth Congress, receiving 5,827 votes against 2,459 votes for Sanders, Whig, and serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1861; entered the Confederate army after the secession of North Carolina in May, 1861, and was appointed brigadier-general in Novem ber, 1861 ; was in command at Newbern when it was captured by General Burnside ; and was killed at the battle of Antietam September 17, 1862. Brandegee, Augustus, was born at New Lon don, Connecticut, July 15, 1828; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1849; studied law, graduating at the Yale Law School in 1851 ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at New London; was a member of the State legislature of Connecticut in 1854, 1858, 1859, and 1861 ; was elected an elector on the Lincoln ticket in 1861 ; was elected a representative from Connecticut to the Thirty- eighth Congress, as a Republican, receiving 8,878 votes against 6,381 votes for Converse, Democrat, and was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, re ceiving 8,566 votes against 4,349 votes for Allen, Democrat, serving from December 7, 1863, to March 4, 1867; was a delegate to the National Republican Convention at Baltimore in 1864. Braxton, Carter, was born at Newington, Vir ginia, Sept ember 10, 1736; received a classical educa tion; graduated at William and Mary College 1755; visited England, and remained there three years; was a member of the Virginia House of Burgesses from 1760 until 1775; was a member of the Virginia Conventions of 1774 and 1775; was appointed a dele gate to the Continental Congress in the place of Peyton Randolph, deceased, in December, 1775; signed the Declaration of Independence adopted July 4, 1776; was not re-appointed to the next Congress, but was re-appointed at the first session of the Gen eral Assembly of Virginia under the new constitu tion, serving from 1777 until 1783, and again in 1785; was a member of the Virginia Council of State from 1786 until 1791, and from 1794 until he died, October 10, 1797. Braxton, Elliott M., was born in Matthews County, Virginia, October 8, 1823; received a com mon-school education; studied law, and practises the profession; was elected to the State Senate of Virginia in 1851, and re-elected in 1853; was elected a member of the Common Council of Fredericksburg in 1866; and was elected a representative from Vir ginia in the Forty-second Congress, as a Democrat, receiving 12,719 votes against 11,194 votes for L. Mc- Kenzie, Republican, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1873. Brayton, W^illiam D., was born at Warwick, Kent County, Rhode Island, November 6, 1815; re ceived a classical education, passing two years at Brown University ; entered into mercantile persuits; was for several years town-clerk, and then a member of the Town Council of Warwick; was a member of the State General Assembly in 1841 and 1851, and of the State Senate in 1848 and 1853; served as major of the Fourth Regiment Rhode-Island Militia in the Dorr rebellion ; was chosen presidential elector on the Fremont ticket in 1856; was elected a representative from Rhode Island in the Thirty-fifth Congress, as an American Republican, receiving 3,932 votes against 3,209 votes for Jackson, Democrat, and was re-elect ed to the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving 3,019 votes against 1,789 votes for Anthony, Democrat, and serv ing from December 7, 1857, to March 3, 1861 ; was defeated as the Republican candidate for the Thirty- sixth Congress, receiving 4,004 votes against 4,545 votes for Browne, Unionist; was appointed collector of internal revenue for the Second District of Rhode Island in 1862, and served until he resigned in 1871 ; was a member of the National Union Republican Convention at Philadelphia in 1872; was a member of the National Union Republican Committee in 1872 and 1876, resigning in favor of Governor How ard. Breck, Daniel, was born at Topsfield, Massa chusetts, February 12, 1788; received a classical edu cation, graduating at Dartmouth College in 1813; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and com menced practice at Richmond, Kentucky, in 1814; was judge of the Richmond-county court; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1824- 298 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. 1829; was president of the Richmond branch of the State Bank of Kentucky 1835-1843; was a judge of the Supreme Court of Kentucky 1843-1849; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Thir ty-first Congress, as a Whig, receiving 6,353 votes against 5,271 votes for Martin, Democrat, and serv ing from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1851 ; resumed his duties as president of the Richmond branch of the State Bank. Breck, Samuel, was born at Boston July 17, 1771 ; received a classical education, which was com pleted at the Royal Military School of Loreze, in the south of France ; returning to the United States, he afterwards visited Paris during the stormy scenes of the Revolution ; establishing himself at Philadelphia in 1792, he became a successful merchant; was several years a member of the State legislature and the city government ; was elected a representative from Penn sylvania in the Eighteenth Congress, as a Federalist, and served from December 1, 1823, to March 3, 1825; died at his residence, called "Sweet Brier," in what was afterwards West Fairmount Park, September 1, 1802. Breckenridge, Henry M., of Tarentum, Pennsylvania, was elected a representative from that State in the Twenty-sixth Congress, as a Whig, to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Richard Biddle, serving from December 10, 1840, to March 3, 1841. Breckenridge, James, was born near Fin- castle, Botetourt County, Virginia, March 7, 1703; served in the Revolutionary war; received a classical education, graduating at William and Mary College in 1785; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1787, and commenced practice at Fincastle; was for several years a member of the State General Assem bly, and took especial interest in the construction of the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal, and in the establish ment of the University of Virginia; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Eleventh Con gress, as a Federalist, defeating Alexander Wilson, Democrat; was re-elected to the Twelfth Congress, re ceiving 119 majority over Thomas L. Preston, Demo crat; was re-elected to the Thirteenth Congress, re ceiving 117 majority; was re-elected to the Fourteenth Congress, serving from May 22, 1809, to March 3, 1817; and died at Fineastle, Virginia, August 9, 1840. Breckenridge, James D., was born in Jeffer son County, Kentucky; received a classical educa tion; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Seventeenth Congress, in place of Winfield Bul lock, deceased, and serving from December 3, 1821, to March 3, 1823; died at Louisville, Kentucky, May, 1849. Breckenridge, John (grandfather of John C. Breckinridge), was born in Virginia in 17(>0; re ceived a classical education; studied law; was admit ted to the bar, and commenced practice; was a mem ber of the General Assembly of Virginia; removed to Lexington, Kentucky, where he was elected to several local offices ; was elected United-States sena tor from Kentucky, as a Democrat, serving from December 7, 1801, until December 25, 1805, when he resigned to accept the position of attorney-general of the United States from President Jeff erson ; and died while in office, at Lexington, Kentucky, Decem ber 14, 1800. He was the author and advocate of the Virginia Resolutions of 1798-1799. Breckinridge, John Cabell (grandson of John Breckenridge), was born near Lexington, Ken tucky, January 21, 1825; received a classical educa tion at Centre College; studied law at the Transyl vania Institute ; was admitted to the bar, and went to Burlington, Iowa, with the intention of settling there, but soon returned, and commenced practice at Lexington, Kentucky; served in the Mexican war as major of the Third Kentucky Volunteers; was a member of the State legislature; was elected a repre sentative from Kentucky in the Thirty-second Con gress, as a Democrat, receiving 5,071 votes against 5,141 for Leslie Combs, Whig; was re-elected to the Thirty-third Congress, receiving 0,532 votes against 0.900 votes for It. P. Letcher, Whig, serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1855; was tendered the mission to Spain, and declined it; was elected Vice-President of the United States in 1850, receiv ing 117 electoral votes as a Democrat against 114 votes for Dayton, Republican, and 8 votes for Donel- son, National American, serving from March 4, 1857, to March 3, 1861; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for President in 1800, receiving 72 electoral votes against 180 votes for Abraham Lincoln, Repub lican, 39 votes for John Bell, National American, and 12 votes for Stephen A. Douglas, Democrat; was elected United-States senator from Kentucky in the place of John J. Crittenden, Whig; served from July 4, 1801, to August 0, 1801, and was expelled Decem ber 4, 1801 ; entered the Confederate-States army as major-general; was secretary of war of the Con federate-States Government from January, 1805, to April, 1805; visited Europe, and remained there until 1808, when he returned to Lexington, Kentucky, where he died, May 17, 1875. Breese, Sidney, was born at Whitesborough, New York, July 15, 1800; attended Hamilton Col lege, but graduated at Union College; removed to Illinois; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1820, and commenced practice at Kaskasia; was ap pointed postmaster of Kaskasia in 1821, prosecuting attorney in 1822, and United-States district-attorney in 1827; held several commissions in the militia, and served as a lieutenant of volunteers in the Black Hawk war; was elected circuit judge in 1835; was elected United-States senator from Illinois, as a Democrat, to succeed Richard M. Young, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1849 ; was a mem ber of the State House of Representatives, and its speaker in 1850; was made a judge of the Circuit Court of Illinois in 1855, and its chief justice in 1873. Brengle, Francis, was born in Maryland in 18U6; received a classical education; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Twenty-eighth Congress, as a Whig, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1845; died at Frederick, Maryland, De cember 10, 1846. Brent, Richard, was born in Virginia; received a classical education; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Fourth Congress, and re-elected to the Fifth Congress, serving from December 7, 1795, to March 3, 1799; was again elected a representative in the Seventh Congress, serving from December 7, 1801, to March 3, 1803; was elected United-States senator from Virginia, serving from May 22, 1809, to his death, at Washington, December 30, 1814. Brent, William Li., was born in Charles Coun ty, Maryland; received a liberal education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and removed to Louisi ana, where he practised ; was elected a representative from Louisiana in the Eighteenth Congress, as a Whig, by a majority of 200 votes over J. S. Johnson, Democrat; was re-elected to the Nineteenth Con gress by a majority of 741 votes over Bullard, Demo crat, and was re-elected to the Twentieth Congress by 460 majority over his Democratic opponent, serv ing from December 1, 1823, to March 3, 1829; prac tised law at Washington City and in Louisiana; and died suddenly of apoplexy, at St. Martinsville, Lou isiana, July 7, 1848. Brenton. Samuel, was born in Gallatin County, Kentucky, November 22, 1810; received an English education; was a minister of the gospel 1830-1848, when he was stricken with paralysis, and left the pulpit; was appointed registrar of the land office at Fort Wayne 1848; was elected a representative in Congress from Indiana in the Thirty-second Con gress, as a Whig, receiving 8,823 votes against 8,446 votes for Borden, Democrat, and serving from De cember 1, 1851, to March 3, 1853; was defeated as a Whig candidate to the Thirty-third Congress, receiv ing 5,900 votes against 6,875 votes for Chamberlain, STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 299 Democrat; was again elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress, as a Republican, receiving 7.485 votes against 5,881 votes for Chamberlain, Democrat, and serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1857; was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving 10,699 votes against 9,989 votes for Lowry. Demo crat, but died at Fort Wayne, Indiana, March 29, 1857. Bretano, Lorenzo, was born at Manheim, Grand Duchy of Baden, Germany, November 4, 1813; received a classical education; studied juris prudence at the Universities of Heidelberg and Freiburg, and graduated as LL.D. ; practised before the Supreme Court of Baden ; was elected, on attain ing the legal age, to the Chamber of Deputies, and in 1848 to the Frankfort Parliament; was president of the Provisional Republican Government estab lished by the revolutionists of 1849; was in contuma- ciwn sentenced to imprisonment for life after the failure of the revolution, but he had found an asy lum in the United States; settled in Kalamazoo County, Michigan, as a farmer; in 1859 he removed to Chicago, and was admitted to the bar, but soon became editor in chief and principal proprietor of " The Illinois Staats-Zeitung ; " was a member of the State legislature in 1802; was for five years presi dent of the Chicago Board of Education; was a presidential elector on the Grant and Colfax ticket in 1868; a general amnesty having been granted to those who had participated in the revolution of 49, he revisited his native land in 1869, returning to Chicago after the great fire ; was appointed United- States consul at Dresden in 1872, and served until April, 1876; and was elected a representative from Illinois to the Forty-fifth Congress, as a Republican, receiving 11,843 votes against 11,435 votes for J. V. LeMoyne, Democrat. Brevard, Joseph, was born in Mecklenburg County, North Carolina, J.uly 19, 1766; received a classical education ; entered the North-Carolina line in the Revolutionary army as lieutenant in 1782, and served throughout the war; removed to Camden, South Carolina, and was sheriff of that district 1789- 1791 ; was appointed commissioner in equity Octo ber 14, 1791 ; was admitted to the bar February 11, 1792; was elected judge December 17, 1801, and re signed, on account of his health, in December, 1815; was elected a representative from South Carolina in the Sixteenth Congress, serving from December 6, 1819, to March 3, 1821, when he declined; and died at Camden, South Carolina, October 11, 1821. Brewer, Mark S., was born at Addison, Oak land County, Michigan, October 22, 1837 ; was reared on a farm, receiving a public-school education; studied law with ex-Governor Wisner and M. E. Crofoot ; was admitted to the bar in 1864, and com menced practice at Pontiac, Michigan; was city at torney of Pontiac in 1866-1867; was a member of the State Senate of Michigan in 1872-1874 ; and was elect ed a representative from Michigan in the Forty-fifth Congress, as a Republican, receiving 23,356 votes against 21,615 votes for George II. Durand, Demo crat. Brewster, David P., was born in the State of New York; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Oswego, New York ; was district-attorney of Oswego County 1829-1836 ; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-sixth Congress, as a Democrat, receiving 9.395 votes against 8,592 votes for Henry Fitzhugh, Whig; and was re-elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress, receiving 11,837 votes against 11,364 votes for Fortune C. White, Whig, serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1843; and died at Oswego, New York, February 19, 1876. Bridges, George W., was born in McMinn County, Tennessee, October 9, 1825 ; received a clas sical education at the East-Tennessee University; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and com menced practice also engaging in agricultural pur suits; was attorney-general of Tennessee 1F49-1860; was defeated as a candidate for presidential elector in I860; was elected in August, 1861, a representa tive from Tennessee in the Thirty-seventh Congress, as a Unionist, receiving 8,000 votes against ^7,062 votes given to a candidate for the Confederate Con gress ; was arrested 011 his way to Washington, taken back, and held over a year # prisoner in Tennessee ; succeeded at last in escaping, and was admitted to a seat in the House February 25, 1863. serving until March 3, 1863. Bridges, Samuel Augustus, was born at Col chester, Connecticut, January 27, 1802; received a classical education, graduating at Williams College in 1826 ; removed to Easton, Pennsylvania, in Octo ber, 1826; studied law with James Madison Porter and Robert May Brooke ; was admitted to the bar in 1829, and commenced practice at Doylestown, Penn sylvania; removed in March, 1830, to Allentown, Pennsylvania, where he continued to practice until his retirement; was deputy attorney-general of the state for Lehigh County for seven years ; was a dele gate to the Democratic State Convention in 1841 ; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirtieth Congress (to fill the vacancy caused by the death of John W. Hornbeck, Whig), as a Demo crat, by 154 majority, and serving from March 6, 1848, to March 3, 1849; was again elected to the Thirty-third Congress, receiving 8,328 votes against 7,480 votes for Caleb N. Taylor, Whig, and serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, "1855 ; was de feated as a Democratic candidate for the Thirty- fourth Congress, receiving 8,182 votes against 8,527 votes for Samuel C. Bradshaw, Whig; was again elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 20,119 votes against 12,266 votes for Howard J. Reeder, Republican. Briggs, George, was born in Fulton County, New York, May 6, 1805; removed to Vermont in 1812; received a public-school education; en gaged in mercantile pursuits; was elected to the State House of Representatives in 1837; removed in 1838 to New- York City, and was a large dealer in hardware there; was elected a repre sentative from New York in the Thirty-first Con gress, as a Whig, receiving 5,627 votes against 1,476 votes for Spencer, Democrat ; and was re-elected to the Thirty-second Congress, receiving 4,444 votes against 4,114 votes for Arcularius, Democrat, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1853; was again elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, as an American, receiving 8,3O6 votes against 6,591 votes for Ward, Democrat, and serving from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 1861 ; Avas a delegate to the National Union Convention at Philadelphia in 1866; and died at Saratoga, New York, June 1, 1869. Briggs, George Nixon, was Jjorn at North Adams, Massachusetts, April 13, 1796; received a public-school education; was apprenticed to a hatter; studied law with L. Washlmrn; was admitted to the bar in October, 1818, and commenced practice at Pittsfield; was an advocate of total abstinence; was register of deeds for Berkshire County 1S24-1831 ; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Twenty-second Congress, as a Whig ; was re-elected to the Twenty-third Congress ; was re-elected to the Twenty-fourth Congress, receiving 4,229 votes against 2,923 votes for all others ; was re-elected to the Twenty-fifth Congress, receiving 3,567 votes against 3,014 votes for all others ; was re-elected to the Twenty-sixth Congress, receiving 4,326 votes against 3,601 votes for Henry W. Bishop, Democrat, and was re-elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress, serving from December 5, 1831, to March 3, 1843 ; was governor of Massachusetts 1844-1851; was a mem ber of the State Constitutional Convention of 1853; was judge of the Court of Common Pleas 1851-1856 ; was president of the Tract Society, the Baptist Mis sionary Union, and the Sunday-school Union; was appointed in 1861 one of a commission to adjust 300 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. differences between the United States and New Grenada; was mortally wounded by tbe accidental discharge of a fowling-piece September 12, 18(51. A biography of him was published by Rev. William C. Richards in 1800. Briggs, James F., was born at Berry, England, October 23, 1827; was elected a representative from New Hampshire in the Forty-fifth Congress, as a Re publican, receiving 13,209 votes against 12,111 votes for Sulloway, Democrat, and 73 scattering. Brigham, Elijah, was born at Northborough, Massachusetts, June 0, 1750; received a classical education, graduating at Harvard College in 1778; commenced the study of divinity, but soon relin quished it, and engaged in mercantile business with his brother-in-law Breck Parkman of Westborough ; was appointed a justice of the Court of Common Pleas in 1795 ; was elected a State senator in 1790, and a State councillor in 1789 and 1790; was elected a representa tive from Massachusetts in the Twelfth Congress, as a Federalist, and re-elected to the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Congresses, serving from November 4, 1811, until he died suddenly, of croup, at Washing ton, February 22, 1810. Bright, Jesse D., was born at Norwich, New York, December 18, 1812; was taken by his parents to Indiana in 1820; received a public-school educa tion; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1831, and commenced practice at Madison, Indiana; was elected judge of the Probate Court of Jefferson County in 1834; was a member of the State House of Repre sentatives in 1830; was United-States marshal for the District of Indiana; was elected lieutenant-governor of Indiana in 1841 ; was elected a United-States sena tor from Indiana, as a Democrat, to succeed Albert S. White, Whig; and was twice re-elected, serving from December 27, 1845, to February 5, 1802, when he was expelled for having, in a letter to Jefferson Davis, recognized him as President of the Confed erate States; removed to Covington, Kentucky; was a member of the State legislature in 1800; was chosen president of the Raymond-City Coal Com pany in 1871 ; removed to Baltimore in 1874, retaining his connection with the coal company; and died of a rheumatic affection of the heart, at Baltimore, Mary land, May 20, 1875. Bright, John Morgan, was born at Fayette- ville, Tennessee, January 20, 1817; received a clas sical and legal education, graduating from Nashville University, Tennessee, in 1839, and from the law department of Trannsylvania University, Lexington, Kentucky, in 1841; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Fayetteville, Tennessee ; was a member of the State legislature in 1847-1848; was elected a representative from Tennessee in the Forty- second Congress, as a Democrat, receiving 11,827 votes against 1,843 votes for J. Mullins, Republican; was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress, receiving 12,585 votes against 5,442 votes for J. P. Steelc, Re publican ; was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Congress, receiving 10,224 votes against 3,831 votes for Wisner, Republican; and was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Con gress, receiving 15,094 votes against 5,309 votes for Galbraith, Republican, serving from March 4, 1871. Brinkerhoff, Henry B., was born in Adams County, Pennsylvania, in 1788; was taken early in life by his parents to Cayuga County, New York, then a wilderness ; received a scanty frontier educa tion ; commanded a company of militia in the war of 1812, distinguishing himself at the battle of Queenstown Heights; was twice elected a member of the State legislature; was major-general of the New- York State militia; removed to Huron County, Ohio, in 1827, and cultivated a large farm; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Twenty- eighth Congress, as a Democrat, receiving 5,814 votes against 1,900 votes for Weldon, Whig, and serving from December 4, 1843, to his death, at his farm in Huron County, Ohio, of disease contracted in Wash ington, April 30, 1844. Brinkerhoff, Jacob, was born in the State of New York; removed to Plymouth, Ohio; was elected a representative from that State in the Twenty- eighth Congress, as a Democrat, receiving 5,814 votes against 1,990 votes for Waldon, Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-ninth Congress, serving from Decem ber 4, 1843, to March 3, 1847. Brisbin, John, was born in Pennsylvania; was elected a representative from that State in the Thirty- first Congress (to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Chester Butler), as a Whig, and served from Janu ary 13, 1851, to March 3, 1851. Bristow, Francis Marion, was born in Clark County, Kentucky, August 11, 1804; received a thorough English education; studied law, and was admitted to the bar, devoting himself to his practice and to agricultural pursuits; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1831 and 1833, and of the State Senate in 1840; was a mcTiiber of the State Constitutional Convention in 1849; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Thirty-third Congress, as a Whig, to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Presby Ewing, and served from Decem ber 4, 1854, to March 3, 1855; was again elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving 7,146 votes against 5,575 votes for Sale, Democrat, and serving from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 1801; espoused the Union cause, and was for a time, a refugee in Illi nois; died at Elkton, Kentucky, June 10, 1804. Broadhead, John C., was a resident at Mo- dena, Ulster County, New York; was elected a rep resentative from that State in the Twenty-second Congress, as a Democrat, serving from December 5, 1831, to March 3, 1833; was again elected to the Twenty-fifth Congress, serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1839. Brockenbrough, "William H., was born in 1813; received a classical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and was induced by ill- health to settle at Tallahassee, Florida; was a sena tor under the territorial government, and United- States district-attorney; was elected a representative from Florida in the Twenty-ninth Congress, as a Democrat, and received his scat, although it was contested by E. C. Cabell, Whig, serving from Janu ary 24, 1840, to March 3, 1847; died of pulmonary consumption at Tallahassee, Florida, in June, 1850. Brockway, John H., was born at Ellington, Connecticut; received a classical education, gradu ating at Yale College in 1820; taught school ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice at Ellington; was several times a member of the State Senate and House of Representatives of Con necticut ; was elected a representative from Connecti cut in the Twenty-sixth Congress, as a Whig, receiving 3,997 votes against 3,505 votes for Cleveland, Demo crat; and was re-elected to the Twenty-seventh Con gress by 1,045 majority, serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1843. Broderick, David Colbreth, was born at Washington City in December, 1818, his father hav ing emigrated from Ireland to work as a stone-cutter on the Capitol ; removed to New York in 1823 ; received a public-school education, and was apprenticed to learn the stone-cutter s trade; was prominently con nected with the volunteer fire department; was de feated as the Democratic candidate for the Thirtieth Congress, receiving 3,809 votes against 4,205 votes for Tallmadge, Whig; removed to California in 1849; was a member of the Constitutional Convention of California in 1849; was a member of the State Sen ate of California in 1850, 1851, and president of that body the last year; was elected a United-States sena tor from California, serving from March 4, 1857, to March 3, 1859; was mortally wounded in a duel, before the expiration of his term, by David S. Terry, chief justice of the Supreme Court of California, near Lake Merced in that State ; and died September 10, 1859. Brodhead, John, was born in 1771; was for STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 301 forty-four years a minister of the Methodist-Episco pal Church; was elected a representative from New Hampshire in the Twenty-first Congress; and was re-elected to the Twenty-second Congress, servin^ from December 7, 1820, to March 3, 183;); he died at New Market, New Hampshire, April 7, 1838. Brodhead, Richard, was born in Pike County, Pennsylvania ; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-eighth Congress, as a Democrat, receiving 5,040 votes without opposition ; and was re-elected to the Twenty-ninth and Thirtieth Congresses, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1849; was elected United-States senator from Penn sylvania, as a Democrat, to succeed Daniel Sturgeon, Democrat, serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1857; died at Easton, Pennsylvania, September 17, 1803. Brogden, Curtis H., of Goldsborough, was elected a representative from North Carolina in the Forty-fifth Congress, as a Republican, receiving 21,000 votes against 11,874 votes for Green, Demo crat. Bromberg, Frederick George, was born in New- York City June 10, 1837; his family removed to Mobile in February, 1838; graduated at Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, in 1858; was a student and assistant in the chemical laboratory of the Lawrence Scientific School, Cambridge, Massa chusetts, in 18(51-1803; was elected tutor "in mathe matics at Harvard University in 1803; resigned in 1805, and returned to Mobile ; was appointed treas urer of the city of Mobile in July, 1807, by Major- General John Pope, commanding the department, and served until January 19, 18(59; was a member of the State Senate of Alabama 1808-1872; was ap pointed postmaster of Mobile in July, 1809, and removed in June, 1871, without cause; and was elected a representative from Alabama in the Forty- third Congress by the Liberal Republicans and Demo crats, receiving 15,007 votes against 13,174 votes for B. S. Turner, and 7,024 votes for P. Joseph, Admin istration Republican, serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1875; was defeated as a Democratic can didate for the Forty-fourth Congress, receiving 10,953 votes against 19,551 votes for Haralson, Republican. Bromwell, Henry P. H., was born at Balti more, Maryland, August 26, 1823; removed when a lad to Ohio, and afterwards to Illinois; studied and Rractised law; published and edited "The Vanda- an Age of Steam and Fire;" was a presidential elector from Illinois in 1800; was elected a repre sentative from Illinois in the Thirty-ninth Congress, as a Republican, receiving 15,353 votes against 12,027 votes for Eden, Democrat ; and was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, receiving 17,410 votes against 13,- 252 votes for Black, Democrat, serving from Decem ber 4, 1805, to March 3, 1809. Bronson, David, was born at Suffield, Con necticut; received a classical education, graduating at Dartmouth College in 1819; studied law; was ad mitted to the bar in 1823, and commenced practice at Anson, Maine ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1832 and 1834, and of the State Senate in 1840; was elected a representative from Maine in the Twenty-seventh Congress (to fill the vacancy occasioned by the resignation of George Evans on his election to the Senate), as a Whig, serv ing from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1843; was col lector of customs at Bath, Maine, 1850-1853; was judge of probate for Sagadahoc County 1854-1857; and died in Talbot County, Maryland, November 20, 1863. Bronson, Isaac H., was born at Rutland, New York, October 1(5, 1802; received a public-school edu cation; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1822, and commenced practice at Watertown, New York : was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-fifth Congress, as a Democrat, serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1830; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Twenty-sixth Con gress, receiving 4,309 votes against 4,089 votes for Thomas C. Chittenden, Whig; was appointed judge of the fifth judicial district of New York; was ap pointed United-States district judge for the northern district of Florida; and died at Pilatka, Florida, Au gust 13, 1855. Brooke, Walter, received a public-school edu cation; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Lexington, Mississippi; was elected a United-States senator from Mississippi (in place of Henry S. Foote resigned), sen-ing from March 11, 1852, to March 3, 1853; was elected a member of the Provisional Confederate Congress from Mississippi, serving from February 18, 1801, to February 18, 1802; was defeated as a candidate for the Confederate Senate by James Phelan. Brooks, David, was born in Pennsylvania in 1750; received a public-school education ; entered the Continental army as a lieutenant in the Pennsyl vania line in 1770; was captured at Fort Washing ton November 10, 1770, and exchanged after two years imprisonment; was appointed assistant cloth ier-general in 1778, in which position he secured the friendship of Washington; removed after the war to Dutchess County, New York; was for six years a member of the State Assembly; was elected a repre sentative from New York in the Fifth Congress, serving from May 15, 1707, to March 3, 1700;" was appointed commissioner to negotiate a treaty with the Seneca Indians; was first judge of Dutchess County for sixteen years; was an officer in the United-States customs sen-ice; and died at his resi dence in Dutchess County, New York, August 30, 1838. Brooks, George Merrick, was born at Con cord, Massachusetts, July 20, 1824; graduated at Har vard College in 1844; studied and practised law; was a member of the Massachusetts House of Represen tatives in 1858, of the Massachusetts State Senate in 1850, and of the joint committee of the Senate and House chosen in 1850 to revise the statutes of Massa chusetts; was elected a representative from Massa chusetts in the Forty-first Congress in November, 1809 (to fill the vacancy occasioned by the appoint ment of Honorable George S. Boutwcll to the office of secretary of the treasury), as a Republican, re ceiving 8,809 votes against 4,284 votes for Saltonstall, Democrat, and was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress, receiving 8,406 votes against 4,501 votes for Adams, Democrat, and 1,489 votes for Kimball, Labor Reformer; resigned in 1872 on being appoint ed judge of probate for Middlesex County, serving from December 6, 1809, to May 13, 1872, when he resigned. Brooks, James, was born at Portland, Maine, November 10, 1810; received a collegiate education, graduating at Waterville College; taught school in Portland until 1830; edited " The Portland Adverti ser," for which he wrote letters from Washington during the sessions of Congress ; travelled in Europe in 1835, and on his return established, in 1836, "The New-York Daily Express," of which he was the edit or in chief through the remainder of his life; was defeated as the Whig candidate for Congress in the Portland district in 1836, receiving 3,320 votes against 3,729 votes for Francis O. J. Smith, Democrat, and 486 votes scattering, Mr. Smith receiving a majority at the second trial; was a member of the State legislature in 1807; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-first Congress, as a Whig, receiving 9,708 votes against 2,042 votes for Field, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-second Congress, receiving 8,357 votes against 0,724 votes for Cocliran, Democrat, and serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1853; was again elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, as a Democrat, receiving 0,025 votes against 5,570 votes for Cowdin, Union candidate; was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Con gress, but his seat was successfully contested by William E. Dodge, Republican, serving from Deceni- 302 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. bcr 7, 1803, to April 7, 1806; was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, as a Democrat, receiving 14,216 votes against 8,210 votes for Cannon, Republican, and serving from March 4, 1807; was appointed a government director in the Union Pacific Railroad in October, 1807; was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress, receiving 21,487 votes against 9,866 votes for Lainsbeer, Republican; was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress, receiving 12,845 votes against 5,497 votes for Wilkes, Republican, and 4,789 votes for Wadsworth, Independent; contracted disease while travelling around the world in 1872, which was aggravated by the action of the House condemn ing his connection with the credit mobilier; and he died at Washington, April 30, 1873. Brooks, Micah, was born at Cheshire, Con necticut, in 1775; was educated by his father, with whom he removed to Western New York; taiight school in the winters, and worked on a farm in the summers; was appointed a justice of the peace in 1806 ; was judge of the Livingston-county court 1806- 1820; was a member of the New- York Assembly 1808 and 1809; was elected a representative from New York in the Fourteenth Congress, serving from De cember 4, 1815, to March 3, 1817 ; was a member of the State Constitutional Convention of 1821; was a presidential elector on the Adams ticket in 1824; and died in Livingston County, New York, July 7, 1857. Brooks, Preston S., was born in Edgeficld Dis trict, South Carolina, August 10, 1819; received a classical education, graduating at the College of South Carolina in 1839; studied law; was admitted to the bar in May, 1843, and devoted himself to his practice and to planting; was elected a member of the State General Assembly in 1844; served in the Mexican war as captain of the Palmetto Regiment of South-Carolina Volunteers; gave his attention exclusively to his plantation on his return; was elect ed a representative from South Carolina to the Thir ty-third Congress, as a State-rights Democrat, receiv ing 2,098 votes against 1,492 for Pickens, 1,474 for Sullivan, and 1,415 for Marshall, all State-rights Democrats; and was re-elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress, receiving 0,118 votes against 3,051 votes for A. C. Garlington, State-rights, serving from Decem ber 5, 1853, to July 14, 1856, when (the House not having given a two-thirds vote for his expulsion for the assault upon Charles Sumner) he resigned ; was again elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress by a unanimous vote, and was re-elected to the Thirty- fifth Congress by a unanimous vote, serving from August 1, 1856, to his death, at Washington City, of inflamed sore-throat, January 27, 1857. Broom, Jacob, was born at Baltimore, Mary land, July 25, 1808; received a classical education; removed to Pennsylvania; was appointed deputy- auditor of Pennsylvania in 1840; was elected clerk of the Philadelphia Orphans Court in 1849; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-fourth Congress, as an American Whig, re ceiving 6,747 votes against 5,993 votes for Phillips, Democrat, serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1857; died at Washington in November, 1864. Broomall, John M., was born at Upper Chich- ester, Pennsylvania, January 19, 1810; received a classical education; studied and practised law; was a member of the State legislature of Pennsylvania in 1851 and 1852; was a member of the State Revenue Board in 1854 ; was presidential elector in 1860 and 1861; was elected a representative from Pennsyl vania in the Thirty-eighth Congress, as a Republican, receiving 9,891 votes against 6,445 votes for McCall, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Con gress, receiving 10,908 votes against 7,231 votes for Beatty, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, receiving 12,011 votes against 8,531 votes for Pratt, Democrat, serving from December 7, 1863, to March 3, 18(59. Broom, James M., was born in Delaware in 1778; received a classical education, graduating at Princeton College in 1794 ; was elected a representa tive from Delaware in the Ninth Congress, serving from December 2, 1805, to March 3, 1807. Broomfield, Joseph, was born at Woodbridge, New Jersey, in 1754 ; received a classical education ; studied law; entered the Revolutionary army in 1776, and served throughout the war, attaining the rank of major of the Third New-Jersey Regiment; was attorney-general of New Jersey; was governor of New Jersey 1801-1812 ; served in the war of 1812 as brigadier-general of volunteers; was elected a repre sentative from New Jersey in the Fifteenth Congress, and was re-elected to the Sixteenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1817, to March 3, 1821; died at his residence, at Burlington, New Jersey, October 3, 1823. Brown, Aaron Vail, was born in Brunswick County, Virginia, August 15, 1795; received a classi cal education, graduating at the University of North Carolina in 1814 ; removed with his parents to Nash ville, Tennessee, in 1815; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Nashville; was subsequently in partnership with James K. Polk, in Giles County; was elected a representative from Tennessee in the Twenty-sixth Congress, as a Demo crat, receiving 4,403 votes against 2,885 votes for Ebenezer S. Shields, Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress without opposition, and was re-elected to the Twenty-eighth Congress, re ceiving 5,852 votes against 3,723 votes for Pavat, Whig, serving from December 2, 1839, until March 3, 1845; was elected governor of Tennessee in 1845, receiving 58,275 votes against 50,805 votes for Foster, and was defeated in 1847 as a candidate for re-elec tion; was appointed by President Buchanan post master-general in March, 1857 ; and died at Washing ton March 8, 1859. Brown, Albert Gallatin, was born in Ches ter District, South Carolina, May 31, 1813, but was taken by his parents to Mississippi when he was a child; received an academic education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1835-1839; was elected a representative from Mis sissippi in the Twenty-sixth Congress, as a Democrat, on a general ticket, serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1841 ; was a judge of the Circuit Superioi Court in 1852-1853; w r as governor of Mississippi 1844- 1848; was elected a representative from Mississippi in the Thirtieth Congress, without opposition; was re-elected to the Thirty-first Congress, receiving 7,980 votes against 3,620 votes for Winans, Whig, and was re-elected to the Thirty-second Congress, receiving 7,304 votes against 5,444 votes for Dawson, Whig, serving from January 24, 1848, to March 3, 1853; was elected a United-States senator from Mississippi in 1853, and re-elected in 1859, serving from January 26, 1854, to his withdrawal on the secession of Mis sissippi, January 12, 1861; was expelled from the United-States Senate July 11, 1861; entered the Con federate army as captain in the Seventeenth Missis sippi Volunteers; was elected a Confederate-States senator in 1862, and served in the First and Second Congresses. A volume of his addresses and speeches was published in 1859. Brown, Anson, was born at Ballston, New York, in 1800; received a classical education ; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice at Ballston; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-sixth Congress, as a Whig, receiving 5,401 votes against 5,028 votes for Nicolas Hill, jun., Democrat, and serving from March 3, 1839, until his death, at Ballston (where he had gone a few days previously in ill-health), June 14, 1840. Brown, Bedford, was born in Caswell County, North Carolina, in 1795; was elected to the House of Commons of North Carolina in 1815, 1816, 1817, and 1823, and to the State Senate in 1828 and 1829; was elected United-vStates senator from North Carolina (to iill the vacancy caused by the resignation of John STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 303 Branch), as a Democrat, and was re-elected in 1835, serving from December 28, 1829, until 1840, when he resigned, because he could not obey the instructions of the General Assembly of North Carolina; was again elected to the Slate Senate in 1842, and was a candi date for the United-States Senate, but was defeated by W. II. llaywood, jun., after an angry contest, and withdrew from public life; removed to Missouri, but returned to North Carolina, where he died, at his home in Caswell Comity, December 0, 1870. Brown, Benjamin, was a member of the State legislature in 18U9, 1811, and 1812; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Fourteenth Congress, serving from December 4, 1815, to March 3, 1S17. Brown, B. Gratz (grandson of John Brown), was born at Lexington, Kentucky, May 28, 1820; received a classical education, graduating at Transyl vania University in 1845, and at Yale College in 1847 ; studied law at Louisville; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at St. Louis, Missouri ; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1852-1858; was one of the founders of " The Missouri Democrat," and its editor 1864-1859; w T as an eman cipationist, and took an active part in preventing the secession of Missouri in 18(51; was elected United- States senator from Missouri, as a Republican, in the place of W. P. Johnson, expelled in 18(52 (Robert Wilson having been appointed pro tern.), and serving from December 14, 1S03, until March 4, 1847; was nominated for Vice-President on the Greeley ticket in 1872, and, after Mr. Greeley s death, received 18 votes for president. Brown, Charles, was born in Pennsylvania; received a public-school education; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty- seventh Congress, as a Democrat, receiving 1,258 majority over Tyson, Whig, and serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1843; was again elected to the Thir tieth Congress, serving from December G, 1847, to March 3, 1849; was appointed collector of customs at Philadelphia; was a delegate to the Philadelphia Union Convention of 18(50. Brown, Elias, was born near Baltimore, Mary land ; received a public-school education ; was several years a member of the State legislat ire ; was chosen a presidential elector on the Monroe ticket in 1820, and again on the Adams ticket in 1828; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Twenty-first Congress, receiving 0,144 votes against 3,711 votes for Barney, and serving from December 7, 1829, to March 3, 1831; was again chosen a presidential elector on the Adams ticket in 1830; was a member of the State Constitutional Convention; and died near Baltimore, July 7, 1857. Brown, Ethan Allen, was born at Darien, Connecticut, July 4, 1770; received a thorough classi cal education; studied law under Alexander Hamil ton at New York; was admitted to the bar in 1802; removed to Cincinnati in 1804, and commenced prac tice; was a judge of the Supreme Court of Ohio 1810- 1818; was governor of Ohio 1818-1822; resigned on being elected United-States senator from Ohio (to fill a vacancy caused by the death of William A. Trim ble), as a Democrat, serving from January 15, 1822, to March 3, 1825; was canal commissioner of Ohio 1825-1830; was minister to Brazil 1830-1834; was commissioner of the General Land Office at Washing ton, from July 24, 1835, to October 31, 1830 ; removed to Rising Sun, Indiana, November 1, 183(5; was a member of the Indiana House of Representatives in 1842; and died at Indianapolis, Indiana, February 24, 1852. Brown, George H., was born in New Jersey; received a classical education, graduating at Prince ton College in 1848; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Somerville, New Jersey; was a member of the State Constitutional Convention in 1844; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Thirty-second Congress, as a Whig, receiving 6,470 votes against 0,251 votes for Vail, Democrat, and serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1855. Brown, James (brother of John Brown), was born near Staunton, Virginia, September 11, 17GG; received a classical education, which was completed at William and Mary College; studied law; was ad mitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Frank fort, Kentucky; commanded a company of sharp shooters in an expedition against the Indians in 1791 ; was secretary to Governor Shelby in 1792; removed to New Orleans soon after the cession of Louisiana; aided Livingston in compiling the codes of laws ; was secretary of the territory, and subsequently United- States district-attorney; was elected United-States senator from Louisiana (to lill the vacancy caused by the resignation of John Noel Destrahan), serving from February 5, 1813, to March 3, 1817; was defeated for re-election to the Senate by W. C. C. Claiborne, who died before taking his seat; was again elected Brown, James S., was born at Hampton, Maine, February 1, 1824; received a public-school education; removed to Cincinnati in 1S40; studied law; was ad mitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Mil- waukie, Wisconsin, in 1844; was prosecuting attorney for Milwaukio County in 1840, and attorney-general of Wisconsin in 1848; was mayor of Milwaukie in 18(50; was elected a representative from Wisconsin in the Thirty-eighth Congress, as a Democrat, receiving 12,598 votes against 10,077 votes for Potter, Republi can, and serving from December 7, 1803, to March 3, 1865. Brown, Jeremiah, was born at Goshen, Penn sylvania, in 1782; served two years in the State House of Representatives; was the first associate judge elected by the people; was elected a representative in the Twenty-seventh Congress, as a Whig, defeating the Democratic and anti-Masonic candidates; was re-elected to the Twenty-eighth Congress, receiving 4,898 votes against 3,940 votes for Martin, Democrat, and 1,582 votes for Roberts, anti-Mason, and serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1845; died at Lancas ter, Pennsylvania, March 2, 1848. Brown, John, was born at Lewistown, Pennsyl vania; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Seventeenth Congress, and was re-elected to the Eighteenth Congress, serving from December 3, 1821, to March 3, 1825. Brown, John (brother of James Brown), was born at Staunton, Virginia, September 12, 1757 ; re ceived a classical education ; was a student at Prince ton College when the Revolutionary army retreated through New Jersey, and enlisted, serving until the close of the war; completed his studies at William and Mary College, Virginia; taught school while studying law; was admitted to the bar, and com menced practice at Frankfort, Kentucky, in 1782; was elected a member of the State legislature of Vir ginia from the district of Kentucky in 1785; was a delegate from the Kentucky district of Virginia to the Continental Congress in 1787-1788; was elected a representative from the Kentucky district of Vir ginia to the First Congress, and was re-elected from that district to the Second Congress, serving from March 4, 1789, until November 5, 1792, when he took his seat as United-States senator from the newly- admitted State of Kentucky, and was re-elected in 1799, serving from November 5, 1792, until March 3, 1795. He was the first member of Congress from the Mississippi Valley, and was the last survivor of the Continental Congress when he died, at Frankfort, Kentucky, August 27, 1828. Brown, John, was born at Providence, Rhode Island, January 27, 1730; engaged in mercantile pur suits in partnership with his three brothers; com manded the party which destroyed the British sloop- 304 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. of-war "Gaspd" in Narragansctt Bay, and was sent iu irons to Boston for trial, but was released through the efforts of his brother Moses; was chosen a dele gate from Rhode Island to the Continental Congress in 1784, but did not serve ; was a munificent patron of Brown University, of which he was for forty years treasurer; was elected a representative from Rhode Island in the Sixth Congress, serving from December 2, 1799, to March 3, 1801 ; and died at Providence, Rhode Island, September 20, 1803. Brown, John, was elected a representative from Maryland in the Eleventh Congress, serving from May 22, 1809, to his resignation in 1810. Brown, John W., was born at Dundee, Scot land, October 11, 17(50; was brought to Newburg, New York, by his father, in 1802 ; received a public- school education; studied law with Jonathan Fisk; was admitted to the bar in 1818, and commenced practice; was elected a justice of the peace in 1820; was elected a representative in Congress from New York, in the Twenty-third Congress, as a Democrat, and was re-elected to the Twenty-fourth Congress, serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1837; was elected in November, 1849, a justice of the Su preme Court for the second judicial district of the State of New York ; was re-elected in 1857 ; was de feated as the Democratic candidate for judge of the Court of Appeals in 18G4 by Judge Hunt, Republi can; retired from the bench in 1805 to resume prac tice; was an earnest advocate of the war for the sup pression of the Rebellion; and died at Newburg, after a short illness, September 6, 1875. Brown, John Young, was born in Hardin County, Kentucky, June 28, 1835; graduated at Cen tre College, Danville, Kentucky, in 1855; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1857 ; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Thirty-sixth Congress over Honorable Joshua II. Jewett, but, by reason of not having attained the age required by the Constitution of the United States, did not take his seat as a member of that body until the second session; he was a member of the National Douglas Committee in 18GO; he was again elected to the Fortieth Congress, as a Democrat, receiving 8,922 votes against 2,810 votes for Samuel E. Smith, and 1,555 votes for B. C. Ritter, but the House refused him a seat, on account of the alleged disloyalty of a letter which he had written, by a vote of 108 yeas against 43 nays, and his district remained unrepre sented during that Congress; was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress, as a Democrat, receiving 10,- 888 votes against 457 votes for S. W. Langley, Re publican; and re-elected to the Forty-fourth Con gress, receiving 7,381 votes against 3,864 votes for George Smith, Republican, and 797 votes for E. R. Weir, Independent Republican, serving from De cember 4, 1873. Brown, Milton, was born in Ohio ; removed to Jackson, Tennessee; filled several k>cal offices; was elected a representative from Tennessee in the Twenty-seventh Congress, as a Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-eighth Congress, receiving 5,852 votes against 3,723 votes for Pavat, Democrat; and was re- elected to the Twenty-ninth Congress, serving from May 31, 1841. to March 3, 1847. Brown, Robert, was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Fifth Congress to fill a vacancy caused by the resignation of Samuel Sit- greaves; and was re-elected to the Sixth, Seventh, Eighth, Ninth, Tenth, Eleventh, Twelfth, and Thir teenth Congresses, serving from December 4, 1798, to March 2, 1815. Brown, Titus, was born in Cheshire County, New Hampshire, in 1780; received a classical educa tion, graduating at Middlebury College in 1811 ; stud ied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Francestown, New Hampshire; was a member of the State legislature in 1820-1825; was solicitor of Hills- borough County 1823-1825 and 1829-1834; was elected a representative from New Hampshire in the Nine teenth Congress, and was re-elected to the Twentieth Congress, serving from December 5, 1825, to March 3, 1829 ; was State senator, and president of the Senate, in 1842; and died at Francestown, New Hampshire, January 31, 1849. Brown, William, was born in Frederick County, Virginia; received a public-school education; removed to Kentucky, and located at Cynthiana, Harrison County ; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Sixteenth Congress by a majority of over 1,000 over B. Tyler, and serving from December 6, 1819, to March 3, 1821. Brown, William G., was born in Preston County, Virginia, September 25, 1801 ; received a public-school education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Kingwood, in 1823 ; was a member of the House of Delegates of Virginia in 1832, and again in 1840-1843; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Twenty-ninth Congress, as a Democrat, defeating Allen, Whig, and was re-elected to the Thirtieth Congress, defeat ing Hawkins, Whig, and serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1849; was a member of the State Constitutional Convention of 1850; was a delegate to the National Democratic Convention of 1800 at Charleston and at Baltimore ; was a member of the Virginia State Convention of 18(51, opposing seces sion; was again elected to the Thirty-seventh Con gress from Virginia, as a Unionist ; and was re-elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress from West Virginia, as a Unionist, receiving 3,57(5 votes against 1,804 votes for Burdett, Unionist, and 800 votes for Zinn, Union ist, serving from July 15, 1861, to March 3, 1865. Brown, William J., was born in Kentucky, November 22, 1805; removed to Indiana in 1821 ; was a member of the State legislature, and secretary of state, for Indiana; was elected a representative from Indiana in the Twenty-eighth Congress, as a Demo crat, receiving 7,399 votes against 0,314 votes for Wallace, Whig, and serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1845; was second assistant postmaster- general during the Polk administration, 1845-1849; was again elected to the Thirty-first Congress, re ceiving 8,762 votes against 7,205 votes for Herod, Whig, and serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1851; was editor of "The Indiana Sentinel," and State librarian of Indiana; was special agent of the Post-office Department for Indiana and Illinois; died near Indianapolis, Indiana, March 18, 1857. Brown, William R., was born at Buffalo, New York, July 16, 1840; graduated at Union College, Schenectady, New York, in 1862 ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1864; was elected judge of the ninth judicial district of Kansas in 1867, and re-elected in 1872; and was elected a representative from Kansas in the Forty-fourth Congress, as a Re publican, receiving 14,538 votes against 9,893 votes for J. K. Hudson, Democrat, serving from December 6, 1875. Browne, George Huntington, was born at Gloucester, Rhode Island, January 6, 1811; received a classical education, graduating from Brown Uni versity in 1840; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1843, and commenced practice at Providence ; was elected a representative to the so-called Charter Gen eral Assembly of Rhode Island in 1842, and at the same time was elected a representative to what was denominated the Suffrage Legislature, and attended the latter; was again elected a representative to the General Assembly of Rhode Island, under the Con stitution, in 1849, 1850, 1851, and 1852; was appointed in 1852 United-States district-attorney for Rhode Is land, and held the office until he resigned in 1861 ; was a delegate to the Charleston and Baltimore National Democratic Convention in 1860, supporting Stephen A. Douglas as a candidate for the presidency; was a delegate to the Peace Conference at Washington February 4, 1861 ; was elected a representative from Rhode Island in the Thirty-seventh Congress, as a Union Democrat, receiving 4,547 votes against 3,998 STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 305 votes for William Brayton, American Republican and serving from July 4, 1861, to March 3, 1863 entered the Union army as colonel of the Twelftl Rhode-Island Volunteers October 13, 1862, and served through the tenn of enlistment, participating in the battle of Fredcricksburg December 13, 18(52" and in several subsequent skirmishes ; was State senator in 1872 and 1873; was elected in May, 1874, by the General Assembly, chief justice of the Supreme Court of Rhode Island, and commissioned, but de clined the office. Browne, Thomas M M was born at New Paris, Preble County, Ohio, April 19, 1829; removed to Indi ana in January, 1844; received a public-school educa tion; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1849, and commenced practice at Winchester, Indiana; was elected prosecuting attorney for the thirteenth judi cial circuit in 1855, and re-elected in 1857 and in 1859; was secretary of the State Senate in 1861, and a member of that body in 1863; assisted in organ izing the Seventh Indiana Cavalry, and went to the field as its lieutenant-colonel ; was promoted to its colonelcy, and subsequently commissioned by Presi dent Lincoln brigadier-general by brevet; was ap pointed in April, 1869, United-States district-attorney for the District of Indiana, and resigned August 1, 1872 ; was the Republican candidate for governor of Indiana in 1872, and was defeated by Thomas A. Hendricks; and was elected a representative from Indiana in the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 15,598 votes against 14,069 votes for William S. Holman, Democrat. Browning, Orville H., was born in Harrison County, Kentucky, in 1810; received a classical edu cation at Augusta College; studied law; was ad mitted to the bar in 1831, and commenced practice at Quincy, Illinois; served in the Illinois volunteers through the Black Hawk war in 1832 ; was a member of the State Senate of Illinois in 1836-1840, and of the State House of Representatives in 1841-1843; was one of the founders of the Republican party, and a delegate to the National Convention at Chicago in 1860 ; was appointed United-States senator from Illinois (to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Stephen A. Douglas), serving from July 4, 1861, to January 30, 1863 ; was a member of the Union execu tive committee in 1866; was appointed secretary of the interior by President Johnson in July, 1866, but only served from September 1, 1866, to March 3, 1869; was a member of the State Constitutional Con vention of 1869. Brownlow, "William Gannaway, was born in Wy the County, Virginia, August 29, 1805 ; when about twelve years of age, his parents died, leav ing him penniless; when eighteen years of age, he removed to Abingdon, where he apprenticed him self to a house-carpenter, and, after obtaining the trade, he entered the travelling ministry of the Methodist-Episcopal Church ; in 1828 he removed to Tennessee; from 1839 until the last of October, 1861, he published and edited a newspaper called " The Whig;" in 1843 he ran for Congress as the Whig nominee against Andrew Johnson; in 1850 he was appointed by President Fillmore one of several com missioners to carry out congressional provisions for improving the navigation of the Tennessee River; having always been a supporter of the Union, he was very severe in his denunciations of the Rebellion when it broke out, and for his loyalty was impris oned in a fireless jail in the winter, where he con tracted painful diseases ; he was a member of the Constitutional Convention which re-organized the State Government of Tennessee ; on the 4th of March, 1865, he was elected governor of Tennessee without opposition, and in August, 1867, he was re-elected, defeating Emerson Etheridge, a former representa tive in Congress, and clerk of the House; he was elected United-States senator from Tennessee, as a Republican, in place of David T. Patterson, War Democrat, and served from March 4, 1869, to March 3, 1875 ; returned to Knoxville, where he occasionally gave publicity to his views on public questions through the local journals; and died at Knoxville April 29, 1877, after an illness of only a few hours. He published " The Iron Wheel Examined, and its False Spokes Extracted;" "Debates on Slavery;" and "Sketches of the Rise, Progress, and Decline of Secession." Brownson, Nathan, was born in Georgia in 1743; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1761 ; studied medicine ; was admitted to practice, and located in Liberty County, Georgia; was an active revolutionist; was a member of the - Provincial Congress of 1775; served in the Revolu tionary army as surgeon ; was a member of the State House of Representatives, and its speaker in 1781, and was chosen by that body governor of Georgia; was a delegate from Georgia to the Continental Con gress in 1776 and 1778; was again elected to the State House of Representatives in 1778, serving as speaker in 1798; was elected to the State Senate, and was its president in 1789-1791 ; was a member of the State Constitutional Convention in 1789; and died in Lib erty Countv, Georgia, November 6, 1796. Bruce, Blanche K., was born in Prince Edward County, Virginia, March 1, 1841; as his parents were slaves, he received a limited education; became a planter in Mississippi in 1869 ; was a member of the Mississippi levee board, and sheriff and tax-collector of Bolivar County from 1872 until his election to the United-States senate from Mississippi, February 3, 1875, as a Republican, to succeed Henry R. Pease, Republican, and took his seat March 4, 1875. His term of sen-ice will expire March 3, 1881. Bruce, John P., of Washington, Missouri, claimed to have been elected a representative from that State in the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Demo crat, and contested the seat taken by Benjamin F. Loan, Republican, on the ground that the armed militia of the State had interfered with the election; the House committee of elections decided that there was such an amount of intimidation by armed men as to require the seat to be vacated and a new elec tion held; but the House refused to adopt the report, and General Loan retained the seat. Bruce, Phineas, was born June 17, 1762; re ceived a classical education, graduating at Yale Col lege in 1786; was a member of the Massachusetts legislature in 1792, 1793, 1796, and 1800; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Eighth Congress, serving from October 17, 1803, to March 3, 1805. Brush, Henry, was born in Dutchess County, New York, in June, 1778; received a liberal educa tion; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and com menced practice at Chillicothe, Ohio, removing sub sequently to London, Ohio; was grand master of Masons in Ohio 1813-1818; was elected a repre sentative from Ohio in the Sixteenth Congress, re ceiving 2,727 votes against 1,954 votes for Edward Tupper, and 1,803 votes for Levi Barber, and serving irom December 6, 1819, to March 3, 1821 ; was de- eated as a candidate for the Seventeenth Congress jy Levi Barber; was a judge of the Supreme Court of Ohio; retired to his farm, near London, Ohio, and died there January 19, 1855. Bruyn, Andrew De Witt, was born in the State of New York; received a liberal education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced jractice at Ithaca; held several local offices; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-fifth Congress, as a Democrat, serving from September 4, 1837, to his death, from consumption, at Ithaca, July 27, 1838. Bryan, Guy M., Avas born in Missouri, June 12, 1821; received a classical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Texas, participating in the revolutionary struggle against Mexico in 1836 ; served in the Texas Volun- ,eers on the eastern bank of the Rio Grande; was a 30G CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. member of the Texas legislature for seven years; was elected a representative from Texas in the Thir ty-fifth Congress, as a Democrat, receiving 21,142 votes against 5,013 votes for Howth, National Ameri can, and serving from December 7, 1857, to March 3, 1859. Bryan, Henry H., was born in Martin County, North Carolina; received a classical education; re moved to Tennessee; held several local offices; was elected a representative from Tennessee in the Six teenth Congress, and was re-elected to the Seven teenth Congress, receiving a large majority over E. B. Robertson, and serving from December 6, 1819, to March 3, 1823; died in Montgomery County, Ten nessee, May 9, 1835. Bryan, John H., was born at Newbern in 1798; received a classical education, graduating at the University of North Carolina in 1815 ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and practised ; was a mem ber of the State Senate of North Carolina in 1823- 1824; was elected a representative from North Caro lina in the Nineteenth Congress, defeating Richard D. Spaight, and re-elected to the Twentieth Con gress, serving from December 5, 1825, to March 3, 1829; declined a re-election; removed to Raleigh. Bryan, Joseph, was elected a representative from Georgia in the Eighth Congress; and was re- elected to the Ninth Congress, serving from October 17, 1803, until 1806, when he resigned. Bryan, Joseph H., received a classical educa tion ; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Fourteenth Congress, and was re-elected to the Fif teenth Congress, serving from December 4, 1815, to March 3, 1819. Bryan, Nathan, was born in Jones County, North Carolina, in 1748; was a leading member of the Baptist persuasion in North Carolina; was a member of the House of Commons of North Carolina in 1793 and 1794; was elected a representative from North Carolina in the Fourth, and re-elected to the Fifth Congress, serving from December 7, 1795, until his death, of a pulmonary complaint, at Philadelphia, June 4, 1798. Buchanan, Andrew, was born at Waynesburg, Pennsylvania; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-fourth Congress, as a Democrat, defeating Andrew Stewart, Whig, by 1,000 majority; and was re-elected to the Twenty-fifth Congress, serving from December 7, 1835, to March 3, 1839. Buchanan, Hugh, was elected a representative from Georgia in the Thirty-ninth Congress, as a Con servative, but was not admitted to a seat. Buchanan, James, was born in Franklin Coun ty, Pennsylvania, April 23, 1791 ; received a classical education, graduating at Dickinson College in 1809; studied law with James Hopkins; was admitted to the bar in 1812, and commenced practice at Lancas ter, Pennsylvania; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Seventeenth Congress, as a Federalist, and was successively re-elected to the Eighteenth, Nineteenth, Twentieth, and Twenty- first Congresses, having become a Jackson Demo crat, and serving from December 3, 1821, to March 3,1831; was minister to Russia in 1832-1834; was elected United-States senator on the fourth ballot, as a Democrat, in place of William Wilkins, Demo crat, resigned ; was twice re-elected, and served from December 15, 1834, until he resigned in March, 1845 ; was secretary of state under President Polk 1845- 1849; was minister to Great Britain 1853-1850; was elected President of the United States in 1856, as a Democrat, receiving 173 electoral votes against 114 electoral votes for John C. Fremont, and 8 elec toral votes for Millard Fillmore, and serving from March 4, 1857, to March 3, 1861 ; retired to Wheat- land, near Lancaster, Pennsylvania, where he died of pleuro-piuHimonia, June 1, 1808. He published numerous political pamphlets, and "Mr. Buchanan s Administration," 1868. Bucher, John C., was born in Pennsylvania; received a public-school education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Harrisburg; was judge of the Circuit Court; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-second Congress, serving from December 5, 1831, to March 3, 1833 ; and died at Harrisburg, Penn sylvania, October 26, 1851. Buck, Alfred B., was born at Foxcroft, Maine, February 7, 1S32 ; received a classical education, graduating at Waterville College, Maine, in 1859; was principal of the high school at Lewiston, Maine; entered the Union army in 1861 as captain of com pany C, Thirteenth Maine Infantry ; was appointed lieutenant-colonel of the Ninety-first United-States Colored Troops in August, 1863; was transferred, and made lieutenant-colonel of the Fifty-first United- States Colored Troops in October, 1864 ; was brevettcd colonel of volunteers for gallant conduct at the siege of Fort Blakely, Alabama, April, 1865 ; was mustered out of service at Baton Rouge, Louisiana, June, 1866; was a member of the Constitutional Convention of Alabama in 1867; was appointed by General Pope clerk of the Circuit Court of Mobile County, Ala bama, in 1867, and was elected to the same office in 1868; was chosen presidential elector in 1868, and was elected a representative from Alabama in the Forty-first Congress, as a Republican, receiving 14,191 votes against 12,080 votes for Mann, Democrat, serv ing from December 6, 1869, to March 3, 1871. Buck, Daniel (father of Daniel A. A. Buck), was one of the earliest settlers of Vermont, and took an active part in securing its recognition as one of the States of the Union; was distinguished as a law yer; was elected a representative from Vermont in the Fourth Congress, and served from December 7, 1795, to March 3, 1797; died 1817. Buck, Daniel Azro A., was born in Vermont, January 16, 1789; received a classical education, graduating at Middlcbury College in 1807; entered the Military Academy at West Point, and was com missioned as lieutenant in the army in 1808; resigned his commission in 1811, and studied law; raised a company of volunteer rangers in 1813, and served until 1815; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Chelsea, Vermont; was for sixteen years a member of the State legislature of Vermont, serving twelve years as speaker of the House; was State attorney for Orange County for six years; was a presidential elector in 1821 ; was elected a represen tative from Vermont in the Eighteenth Congress, re ceiving 10,151 votes against 2,961 votes for P. White, and serving from December 1, 1823, to March 3, 1825 ; and was again elected to the Twentieth Congress, serving from December 3, 1827, to March 3, 1829; was a clerk in the Indian Bureau, then connected with the War Department; and died at Washington City December 24, 1841. Buckalew, Charles R., was born in Columbia County, Pennsylvania, December 28, 1821; received an academic education; studied and practised law; was State attorney for Columbia County from 1845 to 1847; was a member of the State Senate of Pennsyl vania in 1851, 1852, 1853, 1854, 1855, 1856, and 1858; was United-States commissioner to exchange ratifi cations of a treaty with Paraguay in 1854; was ap pointed resident minister to Ecuador in 1858; was elected by a majority of one vote United-States senator from Pennsylvania (to succeed David Wilmot, Re publican), as a Democrat, serving from December 7, 1863, to March 3, 1869; was again a member of the State Senate, when he initiated the movement for a constitutional convention, of which he was a leading member. Buckingham, William Alfred, was born in Lebanon, Connecticut, May 28, 1804; educated prin cipally in the public schools; was trained a farmer; entered a store at twenty; was engaged in mercantile business twenty-one years, and then in manufactur ing; was elected mayor of the city of Norwich in STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 307 1840, 1850, 1850, and 1857; was presidential electo in 1850; was governor of Connecticut from 1858 t( 18GO; was elected a United-States senator from Con nccticut, as a Republican, to succeed James Dixon Democrat, and too"k his seat March 4, 1809; he diec after an illness of some months at Norwich, Con necticut, February 5, 1875. Buckland, Ralph P., was born at Leyden, Mas sachusetts, January 20, 1812, and was taken to Ohi< in the same year; received a classical education, grad uating at Kenyon College, Ohio; studied and prac tised law; was a member of the State Senate of Ohio in 185(5, 1857, 1858, and 1859; entered the Union armj in 1801 as colonel of the Seventy-second Ohio Volun teers, and attained the rank of major-general, serving until he took his seat as a representative from Ohio in the Thirty-ninth Congress, having been elected while in the field, as a Republican, receiving 13,511 votes against 11,717 votes for Noble, Democrat; was re- elected to the Fortieth Congress, receiving 15,23] votes against 13,944 votes for Finefrock, Democrat, and serving from December 4, 1805, to March 3, 1809. Buckley, Charles W., was born at Otsego County, New York, February 18, 1835 ; graduated at Bcloit College, Wisconsin, in 1800, and at the Union Theological Seminary in New York-City in 1803; entered the Union army February 9, 1804, and was mustered out January 11, 1800; was the Alabama State superintendent of education for the Bureau of Refugees and Freedmen in 1800 and 1807; was a member of the convention which framed the present Constitution of Alabama in 1807 ; was elected a rep resentative from Alabama in the Fortieth Congress, as a Republican, and took his seat on the re-admis sion of the State; and was re-elected to the Forty- first Congress, receiving 14,933 votes against 10,780 votes for Wortley, Democrat, serving from December 6, 1809, to March 0, 1871. Buckner, Alexander, was born in Indiana; removed to Missouri in 1818 ; was a member of the State Constitutional Convention in 1820 ; was several years a member of the State House of Representa tives; was elected United-States senator from Mis souri, serving from March 4, 1831, until he died, of cholera, at St. Louis, Missouri, June 15, 1833. Buckner, Aylett Hawes, was born at Freder- ricksburg, Virgina ; was educated at Georgetown College and at the University of Virginia; taught school, and studied law; emigrated to Missouri in 1837; was elected in 1841 clerk of the County Probate Court of Pike County; in 1850 removed to St. Louis, and practised his profession; was elected attorney for the Bank of the State of Missouri in 1852 ; in 1854 was appointed commissioner of public works by Governor Sterling Price ; in 1857 was elected judge of the Third Judicial Circuit; in 1801 was selected by the General Assembly of the State as one of the delegates to the Peace Congress ; was elected a rep resentative from Missouri in the Forty-third Con gress, as a Democrat, receiving 10,249 votes against 7,710 votes for T. J. C. Fogg, Republican; was re- elected to the Fortieth Congress, receiving 17,518 votes against 5,491 votes for F. Keckel, Republican ; and was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiv ing 22,575 votes against 587 votes for I. S. Hazelton, Greenbacker, serving from December 1, 1873. Buckner, Aylett, was born at Greensburg, Ken tucky ; received a classical education at New-Athens Seminary; was a member of the State House of Rep resentatives 1842-1843; was elected to the Thirtieth Congress, as a Whig, receiving 0,177 votes against 5,791 votes for James, Democrat, and serving from December 0, 1847, to March 3, 1849; was defeated as the Whig candidate for the Thirty-first Congress, re ceiving 5,579 votes against 0,719 votes for Caldwell, Democrat. Buckner, Richard A., was born in Fauquier County, Virginia, July 10, 1703; received a classical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Greensburg, Kentucky; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Eighteenth Congress, as an anti-Democrat, and was re-elected to the Nineteenth and the Twentieth Con gresses, serving from December 1, 1823, to March 3, 1829; was defeated as a Whig candidate for governor; was a presidential elector on the Harrison ticket in 1841; was a circuit judge in 1845; and died at Greensburg, Kentucky, December 8, 1847. Buel, Alexander Hamilton, was born at Fairfield, New York, July 14, 1801 ; was educated at the Herkimer-county Academy; inherited at an early age his father s store and business, which he successfully carried on; was largely interested in California trade; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-second Congress, as a Dem ocrat, receiving 0,035 votes against 6,047 votes for Alexander, Whig, serving from December 1, 1851, until he died at Washington, after a brief attack of pneumonia, January 29, 1853. Buel, Alexander Wadleigh, was born at Castleton, Vermont, in 1813; received a classical education, graduating at Middlebury College in 1830; taught school while he studied law; was ad mitted to the bar, and commenced practice at De troit, Michigan, in 1834; was city attorney of Detroit in 1830; was a member of the State legislature of Michigan in 1837, and again in 1847; was prosecuting attorney for Wayne County in 1843 and 1844; was elected a representative from Michigan in the Thirty- first Congress, as a Democrat, serving from Decem ber 3, 1849, to March 3, 1851; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Thirty-second Con gress, receiving 8,909 votes against 10,741 votes for Penniman, Free-soil Whig; died at Detroit, Michi- ;an, April 17, 1808. Buffinton, James, was born at Fall River, Massachusetts, March 10, 1817; received an English education at the Friends College, Providence; worked n a factory; studied medicine, but was not admitted to practice; went on a whaling-voyage, and, on his return, commenced business at Fall River, of which city he was mayor in 1854, 1855 ; was elected a repre sentative from Massachusetts in the Thirty-fourth Congress, as an American, receiving 0,352 votes against 1,401 votes for Crocker, Whig, 800 votes for Vickery, Democrat, and 454 votes for Weston, Free- soil ; was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, as an American Republican, receiving 11,658 votes against 3,314 votes for Vickery, Democrat, and 1,132 votes or Dunbar, National American ; was re-elected to he Thirty-sixth Congress, as a Republican, receiving ,385 votes against 2,941 votes for Wilson, Democrat; tvas re-elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress, as a Republican, receiving 10,103 votes against 4,409 votes x>r Hobart, Democrat, and 258 scattering, serving rom December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1865. Fall River laving been incorporated into another district, he icccpted a position as special agent of the treasury, and was then made collector of internal revenue; was again elected to the Forty-first Congress, as a Republican, receiving 12,975 votes against 3,486 votes or Cobb, Democrat ; was re-elected to the Forty- econd Congress, receiving 8,284 votes against 2,667 r otes for Pitman, Independent, and 1,927 votes for Domstock, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty- hird Congress, receiving 12,441 votes against 2,609 votes for Day, Democrat ; was re-elected to the Torty-fourth Congress, but died suddenly, before aking his seat, at Fall River, Massachusetts, March , 1875, having served from March 4, 1869. Buffington, Joseph, was born in Pennsylva- lia; received a classical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Kit- aning, Pennsylvania; was elected a representative rom that State in the Twenty-eighth Congress, as a (Vhig, receiving 5,079 votes against 4,032 votes for ,orain, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Twenty- linth Congress, serving from December 4, 1843, to larch 3, 1847. Buffum, Joseph, jun., was bom at Fitchlmrg, 308 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Massachusetts, September 23, 1784; received a classi cal education, graduating at Dartmouth College in 1800; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Westmoreland, New Hamp shire; was elected a representative from that State in the Sixteenth Congress, as a Democrat, and served from December 6, 1819, to March 3, 1821; was re- nominated, but declined a re-election; relinquished practice ; was appointed judge of the Court of Com mon Pleas January 21, 1825, and resided on a well- cultivated farm until he became the last survivor of the Sixteenth Congress; died at Westmoreland, New Hampshire, February 24, 1874. Bugg, Robert M., was born at Lynnvillc, Ten nessee ; received a public-school education ; was elected a. representative from Tennessee in the Thirty-third Congress, receiving 6,421 votes against 5,865 votes for Pavott, Democrat, and serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855. Bull, John, resided at Charleston, and was a delegate from South Carolina to the Continental Congress 1784-1787. Bull, John, resided at Cha,riton, Missouri; was elected a representative from Missouri in the Twenty- third Congress, receiving 3,672 votes against 3,660 votes for Strother, Democrat, 3,440 votes for Shan non, and 2,100 votes for Birch, and serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1835. Bullard, Henry Adams, was born at Groton, Massachusetts, September 9, 1781 ; received a classical education, graduating at Harvard College in 1807; studied law, and was admitted to the bar. He ac companied General Toledo as military secretary on a revolutionary expedition into New Mexico, which was repulsed by the Spanish troops at San Antonio. After many hardships he reached Natchitoches, where he commenced practice; in 1822 was elected district judge ; was elected a representative from Louisiana in the Twenty-second Congress, as a Whig, and was re-elected to the Twenty-third Congress, defeating A. Moreton, Democrat, by 206 votes, and serving from December 5, 1831, until he resigned in 1834 on receiving an appointment as judge of the Supreme Court of Louisiana; remained on the su preme bench until 1846, with the exception of a few months in 1839, when he acted as secretary of state; was appointed professor of civil law in the Louisiana Law School in 1847, and delivered two courses of lec tures ; was a member of the State House of Represen tatives of Louisiana in 1850 ; was again elected to the Thirty-first Congress, as a Whig (to fill the vacancy occasioned by the death of Charles M. Conrad), and served from December 5, 1850, until his death (caused by the fatigues of his journey from Washington) at New Orleans, Louisiana, April 17, 1851. Bullock, Archibald (father of William B. Bul lock), was born at Charleston, South Carolina; re moved to Savannah; was prominent in the difficul ties with the British Government which preceded the Revolution ; was a delegate from Georgia to the Continental Congress in 1775; was president of the Executive Council of Georgia from June 20, 1776, to February 5, 1777, when the State government was in augurated; and died at Savannah, Georgia, in 1777. Bullock, Stephen, was born in Massachusetts in 1736; was a member of the first State Constitu tional Convention ; served several years in the State legislature ; was elected a representative from Massa chusetts in the Fifth Congress, serving from May 15, 1797, to March 3, 1799; was judge of the Court of Common Pleas for Bristol County ; was a State sena tor and an executive councillor ; and died at Massa chusetts 1816. Bullock, William B. (son of Archibald Bul lock), was born, in Georgia in 1776; received a classi cal education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Savannah in 1797; was mayor of Savannah in 1809, and subsequently collector of customs at that port; served in the Sa vannah heavy artillery during the war of 1812; was appointed by the governor United-States senator from Georgia (to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of William H. Crawford), and served from May 24, 1813, until December 0, 1813, when W. Wyatt Bibb, who had been elected as Mr. Crawford s successor, took his seat ; was one of the founders of the State Bank of Georgia, and its president 1816-1843; died at Savannah, Georgia, March 6, 1852. Bullock, Wlngfield, was a member of the State Senate of Kentucky 1812-1814; was elected a repre sentative from Kentucky in the Fifth Congress, but died, before taking his seat, at Shelbyville, Kentucky, October 13, 1821. Bunch, Samuel, was born in 1786 ; received a public-school education ; served in the Creek war as captain of a company of mounted riflemen under General Jackson, and was distinguished in the attack on Hillibeetown November 18, 1813; was elected a representative in the Twenty-third Congress, as a Whig, and was re-elected to the Twenty-fourth Con gress, defeating Adams, Democrat, and serving from December 2, 18)33, to March 3, 1837 ; died at Rutledgc, Tennessee, September 5, 1849. Bundy, Hezekiah S., was born at Marietta, Ohio, August 15, 1817. His parents removed two years afterward to a farm in Athens County, Ohio, where he was left an orphan at the age of fifteen, having only received the rudiments of an English education; entering into business as a clerk in a store, he commenced the purchase of land, and be came a prosperous farmer; studying law at home, he was admitted to the bar in 1850; he aided in establishing the Latrobe Furnace in Jackson County, which he now owns and operates; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1848 and 1850, and of the State Senate in 1855 ; was defeated as the Republican candidate for the Thirty-eighth Congress, receiving 6,702 votes against 8,605 votes for Hutchins, Democrat; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiving 11,581 votes against 7,793 votes for Hutchins, Democrat, and serving from December 4, 1865, to March 3, 1867; was again elected to the Forty-third Congress, receiv ing 13,267 votes against 10,360 votes for S. A. Nash, Liberal, and serving from December, 1873, to March 3, 1875; was defeated as the Republican candidate for the Forty-fourth Congress, receiving 10,496 votes against 12,437 votes for J. L. Vance, Democrat. Bundy, Solomon, was born at Oxford, Che- nango County, New York, May 22, 1823 ; was edu cated at Oxford Academy; taught school for several years; studied law with James W. Glover; was ad mitted to the bar in 1859, and commenced practice at Oxford; was district-attorney of Chenango County 1862-1865; and was elected to the Forty-fifth Con gress, as a Republican, receiving 18,825 votes against 17,056 votes for Tompkins II. Matteson, Democrat. Bunner, Rudolph, was born in 1779; received a classical education, graduating at Columbia Col lege; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Oswego, New York ; was elected a representative from that State in the Twentieth Congress, as an Adams Democrat, and served from December 3, 1827, to March 3, 1829; died at Oswego, New York, July 23, 1837. Burch, John Chilton, was born in Boone County, Missouri, February 1, 1826; received a lib eral education at Bonne Femme Academy and Kemper College ; was practically engaged as a mason on the construction of several public buildings to defray the expenses of his education; studied law with General E. L. Edwards at Jefferson City; was in 1855-1856 deputy county clerk of Cole County, and assistant adjutant-general of Missouri; was in 1857 assistant enrolling clerk of the State Senate of Mis souri, and military secretary to Governor John C. Edwards, in which capacity he assisted in organizing Doniphan s regiment, which conquered New Mexico, and Powell s Oregon battalion; removed to Califor nia in 1850, and worked in the mines until 1851, when STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 309 the region in which he was at work was organized as Trinity County, and he was elected county cleric; was elected district-attorney in 185:3; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1856, and of the State Senate 1857-1859; was elected a representative in the Thirty-sixth Congress from California, as a Lecompton Democrat, receiving 37,865 votes against 41,4;)S votes for E. D. Baker, Republican, and "2,969 votes for S. A. Booker, anti Lecompton Democrat, and serving from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 1861; resumed the practice of law at San Francisco; was appointed a code commissioner by Governor Haight, and served four years ; declined being a candidate for supreme judge of the State. Burch, James H., claimed to have been elected a representative from Missouri in the Thirty-ninth Congress, as a Democrat, and contested the seat oc cupied by Eobert T. Van Horn, Unionist, on the ground that a sufficient number of votes to have elected him had been rejected at the polls, under a State law of registration which was unconstitutional ; hut the House, without a dissenting vote, declared Mr. Van Horn entitled to his seat. Bur chard, Horatio C., was born at Marshall, Oneida County, New York, September 22, 1825; re ceived a liberal education, graduating at Hamilton College, New York, 1850; studied and practised law; was engaged in mercantile business; was school commissioner of Stephenson County, Illinois, from 1857 to 1860; was a member of the legislature of the State of Illinois from 1803 to 1866; was elected a representative from Illinois in the Forty-first Con, gress, as a Republican (to fill the vacancy occasioned by the resignation of Elihu B. Washburne), receiv ing 6,217 votes against 1,845 votes for Eustace, In dependent Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty- second Congress, receiving 11,718 votes against 0,2i9 votes for C. Betts, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress, receiving 14,036 votes against 7,538 for J. Dinsmoor, Liberal and Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Congress, receiving 9,232 votes against 7,008 votes for Daniel J. Pinck- ney, Liberal and Democrat; and was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 15,973 votes against 10,600 votes for John Pattison, Democrat, serving from March 4, 1869. Burchard, Samuel B., was born at Leyden, New York, July 17, 1836, and removed with his father to Wisconsin in 1845 ; received a classical education, which was finished at Madison University, Hamilton, New York, but ill health prevented him from gradu ating; was a manufacturer of woollen goods; entered the Union army as a lieutenant in the Missouri militia; was appointed assistant quartermaster of United-States volunteers, with the rank of captain ; was stationed at New York, where he had charge of the purchase of forage for the forces on the Atlantic coast, and was mustered out with the rank of major; was elected to the State Senate of Wisconsin in 1872; and was elected a representative from Wisconsin in the Forty-fourth Congress, as a Democrat, receiving 15,784 votes against 9,889 votes for Barber, Republi can, serving from December 6, 1875, to March 3, 1877. Burd, George, was born in 1796 ; resided at Bed ford, Pennsylvania; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania to the Twenty-second Congress, and was re-elected to the Twenty-third Congress, serving from December 5, 1831, to March 3, 1835; died at Bedford, Pennsylvania, January 13, 1844. Burdett, Samuel S., was born in Leicester shire, England, February 21, 1836; emigrated to the United States at the age of twelve; received an academic education at Oberlin, Ohio; studied the law, and commenced its practice in De Witt, Iowa, in 1858; entered the Union army as a private in May, 1861, and served until August, 1864; was presi dential elector for the second district of Iowa in the campaign of that year; removed to Missouri in December, 1864; was appointed circuit-attorney in 1866 ; was chosen a delegate from Missouri to the Chicago Presidential Convention of 1868; was elected a representative from Missouri in the Forty-first Congress, as a Radical Republican, receiving 11,387 votes against 7,941 for Phillips, Democrat, and was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress, receiving 10,772 votes against 9,066 votes for G. R. Smith, In dependent, and 2,090 votes for D. Dale, Democrat, serving from March 4, 1869. to March 3, 1873. Bufdick, Theodore Weld, was born at Evans- burg, Crawford County, Pennsylvania, October 7, 1836 ; received a common-school and academic edu cation ; removed in 1853 with his parents to Decorah, Iowa; was appointed in 1854 deputy-treasurer and recorder of Winneshiek County, and occupied those positions until 1857, when, having attained his ma jority, he was elected treasurer and recorder, and was twice re-elected, serving until 1862, when he re signed, to recruit a company for the Union army; was elected and commissioned captain, and assigned to the Sixth Regiment of Iowa Volunteer Cavalry, in which he served for three years, in the Department of the North- West; after the regiment was mustered out in 1865 he returned to Decorah, and was chosen cashier of the First National Bank there ; was elected to the Forty-fifth Congress as a Republican, receiving 17,423 votes against 16,100 votes for Jeffrey M. Grif fith, Democrat. Burges, Tristam, was born at Rochester, Mas sachusetts, February 26, 1770; was raised on his father s farm, with scanty opportunities for educa tion, and limited means, but by his own industry entered Brown University, graduating in 1796; studied law with Judge Barnes ; was admitted to the bar in 1799, and commenced practice at Providence ; was a member of the State legislature of Rhode Island in 1811; was chief justice of Rhode Island in 1815; was professor of oratory and belles-lettres in Brown University 1815-1825 ; was elected a represen tative from Rhode Island in the Nineteenth Con gress, as a Federalist, and was re-elected to the Twentieth, Twenty-first, Twenty-second, and Twen ty-third Congresses, serving from December 1, 1825, until March 3, 1835; was defeated as the Whig can didate for the Twenty-fourth Congress by Dutee J. Pearce, Democrat, who received 41 majority; was defeated as the Whig candidate for governor in 1836 ; resumed his practice; and died at Providence, Rhode Island, October 13, 1853. Burgess, Dempsey, was born in Camden (then Pasquotank) County, North Carolina; took an active part in Revolutionary movements; was lieutenant- colonel of Gregory s Continental regiment; was elect ed a representative in the Fourth Congress, and was re-elected to the Fifth Congress, serving from Decem ber 7, 1795, to July 16, 1798. Burke, ^Edanus, was born at Galway, Ireland, June 16, 1743; received a classical and theological education at the college at St. Omer, in France; visited the West Indies, and came to Charleston, South Carolina, to enlist in the Revolutionary army; relinquishing the church, lie was admitted to the bar, and was appointed a judge of the State Supreme Court in 1778; served again in the Revolutionary army 1780-1782, and then resumed his seat on the bench; was elected a representative from South Carolina in the First Congress, as a Democrat, serv ing from March 4, 1789, until he resigned in 1791, the legislature of South Carolina having passed a law prohibiting any State judge from leaving the State; was a member of the State legislature for several years ; and became State chancellor a short time be fore his death, at Charleston, South Carolina, March 30, 1802. He published a pamphlet denouncing the order of the Cincinnati, which was translated by Mirabeau, and used by him in the French Assembly. Burke, Edmund, was born at Westminster, Vermont, January 23, 1809; received a private edu cation; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1829, and commenced practice at Newport, New Hamp shire, in 1833; established "The New-Hampshire 310 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Argus," and edited it for several years; was com missioned as adjutant in the militia in 1837, and as brigade inspector in 1838; was elected a representa tive in Congress from New Hampshire in the Twenty- sixth Congress, as a Democrat, and was re-elected to the Twenty-seventh and Twenty-eighth Congresses, serving from December 2, 1839, until March 3, 1845 ; was appointed by President Polk commissioner of patents, and served from May 5, 184(5, until Septem ber 3, 1850; resumed the practice of law at Newport, New Hampshire, having also an office at Boston. Burke, Thomas, was born in Galway, Ireland, about 1747; received a classical education; studied medicine, and in 1764 immigrated to Accornac County, Virginia, where he commenced practice; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and removed to Norfolk, where he commenced practice ; removed to Hillsborough, North Carolina, in 1774; was a delegate to the State Conventions at New Berne and Hillsbor ough in 1775, and at Halifax in 1776; was a delegate from North Carolina to the Continental Congress from December, 1776, until he was elected by acclamation, in July, 1781, the first governor of North Carolina under its State constitution ; was kidnapped Septem ber 13, 1781, by the Tories, and carried to Charleston, South Carolina, where he was detained as a hostage; but, being permitted to go at large on parole, he escaped, and, having been exchanged, resumed his duties as governor in April, 1772; when a candidate for re-election the following December, he was de nounced as having violated his parole, and was defeat ed by Alexander Martin ; died at Hillsborough, North Carolina, December 2, 1783. Burleigh, John H. (son of William Burleigh), was born at South Berwick, Maine, October 9, 1822; received an academic education; went to sea at the age of sixteen ; commanded a ship on foreign voyages seven years; left the sea in 1853, and engaged in manufacturing; was a member of the Maine State House of Representatives in 1862, 1864, 1866, and 1872 ; was president of a state and national bank, also of a savings-bank, for twelve years ; was delegate at large to the National Republican Convention at Bal timore in 1864; was elected a representative from Maine in the Forty-third Congress, as a Republican, receiving 15,485 votes against 13,216 votes for W. H. Clifford, Democrat, and was re-elected to the Forty- fourth Congress, receiving 12,275 votes against 10,- 805 votes for Bion Bradbury, Democrat, serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1877; was killed, on the night of December 5, 1877, by being thrown in his carriage from a high bridge over the Salmon-Falls River, at South Berwick, Maine. Burleigh, Walter A., was elected a delegate from Dacotah in the Thirty-ninth Congress, as an Independent candidate, and was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, receiving 593 votes against 254 votes for Brookings, Republican; was defeated as the Independent candidate for the Forty-first Con gress, receiving 658 votes against 1,379 votes for Spink, Republican, 644 votes for Todd, Democrat, (503 votes for Yoohy, Independent, and 581 votes for Kidder, people s candidate, serving from December 4, 1865, to March 3, 1869; and was defeated as the Republican candidate for the Forty-second Congress, receiving 1,102 votes against 1,221 votes for Arm strong, Democrat, and 1,023 votes for Spink, Inde pendent Republican. Burleigh, William (father of John C. Burleigh), was born at Rockingham, New Hampshire; received a classical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at South Berwick, Maine; was elected a representative from Maine in the Eighteenth Congress, on the fourth trial, as John Quincy Adams Democrat, receiving 92 majority over M Intyre, William H. Crawford Democrat, and was re-elected to the Nineteenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1823, to March 3, 1827; died at South Berwick, Maine, in July, 1827. Burlingame, Ansbn, was born at New Berlin, New York, November 14, 1822; removed with his parents to Seneca County, Ohio, in 1823, and after wards to Michigan; received a classical education, graduating at Harvard College in 1846; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Boston; was a member of the State Senate in 1852; was a member of the Massachusetts Constitutional Convention in 1853; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Thirty-fourth Congress, as an American, receiving 5,967 votes against 3,109 votes for Appleton, Whig, 604 votes for Parmenter, Democrat, and 16 votes, scattering; was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, as an American, receiving 6,582 votes against 6,513 votes for Appleton, Whig and Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, as an American and Republican, receiving 6,214 votes against 5,823 votes for Heard, Democrat, and 39 votes scattering, and serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1861; was defeated as the Re publican candidate for the Thirty-seventh Congress, receiving 7, 756 votes against 8,014 votes for Appleton, Conservative; was appointed minister to Austria March 22, 1861, but the Austrian Government refused to receive him; was minister to China June 14, 1861- November 21, 1867; was appointed December 1, 1867, by the Chinese Government, its ambassador, to ne gotiate treaties with foreign powers ; and died at St. Petersburg, Russia, February 23, 1873. Burnell, Barker, was born at Nantucket, Massa chusetts, in 1798; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1819, and of the State Senate in 1824-1825; was a member of the Massachusetts Constitutional Convention; was a delegate to the National Whig Convention at Harrisburg in 1840; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Twenty-seventh Congress, as a Whig, serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1843; died at Wash ington City June 4, 1843. Burnell, Frank C., was born in Wyoming County, Pennsylvania, March 19, 1842; received an academic education; left Congress to enlist as a private in the Fifty-second Pennsylvania Volunteers; was promoted, and, after serving through the Penin sular campaign, was discharged" April 2, 1863, on a surgeon s certificate of disability; was employed in mercantile pursuits from 1864 to 1869, when he engaged in banking; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Forty-second Congress (to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Ulysses S. Mercur, resigned), as a Republican, receiving 999 majority over V. E. Piolett, Democrat, and serving from January 7, 1873, to March 3, 1873. Burnet, Jacob, was born at Newark, New Jer sey, February 22, 1770; received a classical educa*jn, graduating at Princeton College in 1791 ; studied law under Judge Boudinot; was admitted to the bar in 1796, and commenced practice at Cincinnati, Ohio; was a member of the territorial councils of Ohio in 1799-1802; was deputy grand master of Free Masons 1808-1813 ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1812 ; was a judge of the Supreme Court of Ohio 1821-1828; was elected United- States senator from Ohio to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of W. H. Harrison, receiving 56 votes against 50 votes for John W. Campbell, and served from December 1, 1828, to March 3, 1831 ; was a member of the commission appointed in 1831 by the States of Virginia and Kentucky to settle their controversy on the statute of limitation passed by Kentucky; was a member of the prominent literary and astronomical associations of Southern Ohio, and of the French Academy; and died at Cincinnati April 27, 1853. He published " Notes on the Early Settlement of the North-western Territory," 1847. Burnett, David G., was born at Newark, New Jersey, April 4, 1789; received a public-school edu cation; was a merchant s clerk in New York; joined Gen. Miranda s expedition in 1817; was a merchant s clerk at Natchitoches, Louisiana; went to Cincinnati, and studied law there; removed to Texas in 18^6; STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 311 was a member of the San Felipe Convention in 1833; was municipal judge at Austin 1834-1830; was the provisional president of the incipient republic of Texas in 1836, and afterwards vice-president; re mained on his plantation, near the battle-held of San Jacinto, during the Rebellion; was one of the com missioners sent by Texas to intercede with President Johnson for the release of Jefferson Davis; was chosen United-States senator from Texas Septem ber 1, 1800, but was not permitted to take his seat; and died at Galveston, Texas, December 5, 1870. Burnett, Henry C., was born in Essex County, Virginia, October 5, 1825; received a classical educa tion; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Cadiz, Kentucky; was clerk of the Trigg-county Circuit Court 1851-1853; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Thirty- fourth Congress, as a Democrat, receiving 9,223 votes against 5,708 votes for Hughes, American ; was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving 8,989 votes against 2,945 votes for Grimes, American; was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving 11,540 votes against 2,248 votes for Morrow, Ameri can ; was re-elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress, as Secessionist, receiving 8,988 votes against 6,255 votes for Trimble, Union man, serving from Decem ber 3, 1855, until December 3, 1801, when he was expelled. He had been president of a Kentucky Southern Conference which met at Eussellville October 29, 1801, and called a Sovereignty Conven tion, of which he was also president, which met at Russellville November 18, passing an ordinance of secession, and organizing a State government; was a representative from Kentucky to the Provisional Con federate Congress, serving from November 18, 1861, to February 17, 1802; was a senator from Kentucky in the First and the Second rebel Congresses, serving from February 19, 1802, to February 18, 1805; and died of cholera, near Hopkinton, Kentucky, 1806. Burnett, William, was born at Newark, New Jersey; received a classical education, graduating at Princeton College in 1749; was a delegate from New Jersey in the Continental Congress, serving from December 11, 1780, to April 1, 1781; and died at Newark, New Jersey, in 1791. Burnham, Alfred A., was born at Windham, Windham County, Connecticut, March 8, 1819; re ceived a classical education, spending one year at Washington College; taught school; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1843, and commenced practice at Windham; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1844, 1845, 1850, and 1858, serving the last year as speaker; was clerk of the State Senate in 1847; was lieutenant-governor of Connecticut in 1857; was elected a representative from Connecticut in the Thirty-sixth Congress, as a Republican, receiving 7,323 votes against 0,771 votes for Baker, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty- seventh Congress, receiving 8,701 votes against 6,496 votes for Baker, Democrat, and serving from Decem ber 5, 1859, to March 3, 1863. Burns, Joseph, was born at Waynesborough, Virginia, March 11, 1800; removed to Ohio when a boy; received a public-school education; learned the hatter s trade, but subsequently became a farmer; held several offices in Coshocton County ; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirty-fifth Con gress, as a Democrat, receiving 9,194 votes against 9, 143 votes for Sapp, Whig, and serving from De cember 7, 1857, to March 3, 1859 ; was defeated as a Democratic candidate for the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving 8,719 votes against 8,949 votes for Helmich, Republican. Burns, Robert, was born in New Hampshire; was a member of the State House of Representatives and Senate ; was elected a representative from New Hampshire in the Twenty-third Congress, as a Dem ocrat, receiving 23,059 votes against 6,404 votes for James Wilson, jun., Whig, and l,842votes for Hatch, anti-Mason; and was re-elected to the Twenty- fourth Congress, serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1837; died at Plymouth, New Hampshire, June 20, 1806. Burnside, Ambrose Everett, was born at Liberty, Indiana, May 23, 1824; entered West Point in his nineteenth year, and graduated in 1847 ; served in the Mexican and Indian wars, and resigned in 1852 to manufacture a breech-loading rifle of his own invention; removed to Illinois, when appointed treasurer of the Illinois Central Railroad, in 1858; entered the Union army in April, 1801, as colonel of the First Rhode-Island Volunteer Infantry; com manded a brigade at the first battle of Bull Run; was promoted brigadier and major general; com manded successively the expedition to North Caro lina in 1802, the left wing of the Union army at Antietam, the Army of the Potomac, and the Ninth Army Corps, resigning in April, 1805; was elected governor of Rhode Island in 1800, 1807, and 1808; visited Europe in 1870, and was admitted within the German and French lines in and around Paris, acting as a medium of communication between the hostile nations in the interests of conciliation ; was elected United-States senator from Rhode Island, as a Re publican, to succeed William Sprague, Independent, and took his seat March 4, 1875. His term of service will expire March 3, 1881. Burnside, Thomas, was born in Pennsylvania in 1783; received a classical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in 1804; was a member of the State House of Repre sentatives ; was elected a representative from Penn sylvania in the Fourteenth Congress, serving from December 11, 1815, to April, 1816, when he resigned; was president-judge of a judicial district, and subse quently an associate justice of the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania; died at Germantowii, Pennsylvania, March 25, 1851. Burr, Aaron, was born at Newark, New Jersey, February 5, 1750; received a classical education, entering Princeton College when twelve years of age, and graduating in 1772; studied theology with a clergyman in Connecticut; entered the Continen tal army in 1775; distinguished himself at Quebec, Monmouth, and New Haven, and resigned, owing to ill health, March 10, 1779; studied law; was admitted to -the bar in 1782; commenced practice at Albany, and in 1783 removed to New York; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1784 and 1798; was attorney-general of New York 1789 and 1790; was commissioner on Revolutionary claims in 1791 ; was elected United-States senator from New York, as a Democrat, serving from October 24, 1791, until March 3, 1797. At the presidential election of 1801 Burr and Jefferson had each 73 votes, and the House of Representatives, on the thirty-sixth ballot, elected Jefferson President, and Burr Vice-President. In 1804 he was Democratic candidate for governor of New York, and was defeated by Morgan Lewis by 8,000 majority; he mortally wounded Alexander Hamilton in a duel fought at Weehawken July 12, 1804; after endeavoring to revolutionize the Missis sippi Valley, he was arrested, and brought to Rich mond, where he was tried, in August, 1807, on a charge of treason, and acquitted; to escape further prosecution and his creditors, he went abroad in 1808; returning to the city of New York in 1812, he resumed the practice of law; and died at Port Rich mond, Staten Island, September 14, 1830. Burr, Albert G., was born in Illinois in 1829; received a good English education; studied and practised law ; was a member of the State legislature of Illinois in 1861, 1862, 1803, and 1804; was a mem ber of the State Constitutional Convention ; and was elected a representative from Illinois in the Fortieth Congress, as aDemocrat, receiving 17,110 votes against 14, 743 votes for Case, Republican; and was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress, receiving 21,420 votes against 15,279 votes for Ross, Republican, serving from March 4, 1807, to March 3, 1871. 312 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Burrill, James, jun., was born at Providence, Rhode Island, April 25, 1772; received a classical education, graduating at Brown University in 1788; studied law; was admitted to the bar in September, 1791, and commenced practice at Providence; was attorney-general of Rhode Island 1797-1813, when he retired from the bar on account of ill health ; was a member of the General Assembly of Rhode Island in 1813, 1814, and speaker the last year; was chief jus tice of the State Supreme Court in 1810 ; was elected United-States senator from Rhode Island, and served from December 1, 1817, until his death at Washing ton City, December 25, 1820. Burroughs, Silas M., was born in the State of New York; received a liberal education; served four years in the State House of Representatives; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty- fifth Congress, as a Republican, receiving 6,885 votes against 4,694 votes for Hunt, Republican, and 1,731 votes for Church, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-first Congress, receiving 6,093 votes against 3,376 votes for Trott, Democrat, and 2,132 votes for White, American, and serving from December 7, 1857, until his death at Medina, New York, June 3, 1860. Burrows, Daniel, was born at Groton, Connecti cut; received a liberal education, and studied the ology; was one of the commissioners who established the boundary-line between Connecticut and Massa chusetts in 1776; was elected a representative from Connecticut in the Seventeenth Congress, serving from December 3, 1821, to March 3, 1823; was sur veyor of the port of Middletown for twenty years; died at Mystic River, Connecticut, January 23, 1858. Burrows, Julius C., was born at North-east Pennsylvania January 9, 1837; received a liberal education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Kalamazoo, Michigan; was elected a representative from Michigan in the Forty- third Congress, as a Republican, receiving 16,717 votes against 11,451 votes for Potter, Liberal, and serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1875; was de feated as the Republican candidate for the Forty- fourth Congress, receiving 12,278 votes against 13,317 votes for Potter, Liberal Democrat. Burrows, Lorenzo, was born in Connecticut; received a public-school education; removed to Albion, New York; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-first Congress, as a Whig, receiving 5,753 votes against 5,332 votes for Piper, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-third Con gress, receiving 5,372 votes against 3,846 votes for Davis, Van Buren Democrat, and 2,214 votes for Burroughs, Cass Democrat, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1853 ; was elected comptroller of the State of New York in 1855. Burt, Armistead, was born in South Carolina; received a classical education; studied law; was ad mitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Wil- lington, South Carolina; was elected a representative from South Carolina in the Twenty-eighth Congress, as a Calhoun Democrat, and was re-elected, without opposition, to the Twenty-ninth, Thirtieth, Thirty- first, and Thirty-second Congresses, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1853 ; was speaker pro tempore of the House of Representatives during the absence of Mr. Speaker Winthrop; was a delegate to the National Democratic Convention at New York in 1868. Burton, Hutchins C., was born in Granville County, North Carolina; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Mecklenburg County ; was a member of the House of Commons of North Carolina in 1810 ; was elected attorney-general in 1810, and resigned in November, 1816; removed to Halifax; was again elected to the House of Commons in 1816; was elected a representative from North Carolina in the Sixteenth Congress, as an anti-Demo crat; was re-elected to the Seventeenth Congress without opposition, and was re-elected to the Eigh teenth Congress by a large majority over Dawson, serving from December 6, 1819, until he resigned, March 23, 1824; was governor of North Carolina in 1824-1827; was nominated by President John Quincy Adams governor of Arkansas, but not confirmed by the Senate ; died in Iredell County, North Carolina, April 21, 1836. Burton, Robert, was born in Mecklenburg County, Virginia, in 1847; was a planter; removed to Granville County, North Carolina, in 1775, and served in the Revolutionary army, attaining the rank of colonel; was a delegate from North Carolina to the Continental Congress in 1787-1788; was a member of the commission which established the boundary-line between North Carolina, South Caro lina, and Georgia, in 1801; and died in Granville County, North Carolina, in 1825. Burwell, William A., was born in Mecklen burg County, Virginia, about the year 1780; received a classical education, graduating at William and Mary College; removed in 1802 to Franklin County; was elected a member of the State House of Dele gates ; was private secretary to President Jefferson ; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Ninth Congress (in the place of Christopher Clark, resigned), as a Democrat, and was successively re- elected to the Tenth, Eleventh, Twelfth, Thirteenth, Fourteenth, Fifteenth, and Sixteenth Congresses, serving from December 1, 1806, until his death at Washington, February 16, 1821. He is interred in the city of Baltimore ; and his character is taught in his epitaph, written by Thomas Jefferson, "Died at his post in Congress: his body here, his spirit with its kindred, the just, the good, the beloved of men." Busby, George H., was born at Davistown, Pennsylvania, July 10, 1794; received a public-school education; removed with his father to Ohio in 1810; learned the cabinet-maker s trade ; worked on a farm ; was appointed clerk of the Marion-county courts, and subsequently recorder of deeds for the same county; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirty-second Congress, as a Democrat, receiving 7,615 votes against 5,037 votes for Ford, Whig, serv ing from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1853. Butler, Andrew Pickens, was born in Edge- field District, South Carolina, November 19, 1796; received a classical education, graduating at the col lege of South Carolina in 1817; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1818, and commenced practice at Edgefield Court House; was for several years a member of the State House of Representatives ; was appointed judge of the Sessions Court in 1833; was judge of the State Court of Common Pleas in 1835- 1846 ; was appointed by the governor of South Caro lina United-States senator from that State (to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Mr. McDuffice), as a State-rights Democrat, and was subsequently elected and re-elected by the legislature, serving from De cember 21, 1846, to his death at his residence near Edgefield Court House, South Carolina, May 25, 1857. Butler, Benjamin Franklin, was born at Deerfield, New Hampshire, November 5, 1818; re ceived a classical education, graduating at Waterville College in 1838; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Lowell, Massachu setts; was a member of the State House of Represen tatives 1853; was a delegate to the Constitutional Convention of Massachusetts 1853 ; was a member of the State Senate 1859; was a delegate to the National Democratic Conventions at Charleston and Baltimore in 1860; had been for some years an active member of the Massachusetts militia, when he entered the Union army in April, 1861, as brigadier-general; was appointed major-general May 16, 1861, and served throughout the war; was elected a representative from ^Massachusetts in the Fortieth Congress, as a Republican, receiving 9,021 votes against 2,838 votes for Northend, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty- first Congress, receiving 13,109 votes against 5,001 votes for Lord, Democrat, 1,811 votes for Dana, In STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 313 dependent, and 33 scattering votes ; was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress, receiving 8,333 votes against 4,297 votes for Endicott, Democrat, and 1,07(5 votes for Orne, Independent; and was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress, receiving 11,881 votes against 5,737 votes for Thompson, Democrat, serving from March 4, 1867, to March 3, 1875 ; was defeated as a Republican candidate for the Forty-fourth Con gress, receiving 7,731 votes against 8,703 votes for Charles P. Thompson, Democrat ; was again elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 12,100 votes against 9,371) votes for John K. Tarbox, Democrat. Butler, Chester, was born at Wilkcsbarre, Pennsylvania, March 6, 1798; received a classical education, graduating at Princeton College in 1817 ; studied law at the Litchfield Law School; \vas ad mitted to the bar in 1820, and commenced practice at Wilkcsbarre ; was for three years a member of the State House of Representatives ; was elected a rep resentative from Pennsylvania in the Thirtieth Congress, as a Whig, and was re-elected to the Thirty-first Congress, receiving 5,032 votes against 4,399 votes for Wright, Democrat, and 1,938 for Collins, Independent Democrat, and serving from December 6, 1847, until his death at Philadelphia, October 5, 1850. Butler, Ezra, was born in Connecticut in 1762 ; received a good English education ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar; and commenced practice at Waterbury, Vermont, hi 1786; was eleven years a member of the State Assembly, and fifteen years a member of the Executive Council; was first judge of the Chittenden-county Court 1803-1806, and chief justice 1800-1811; was elected a representative from Vermont in the Thirteenth Congress, as a Democrat, serving from May 24, 1813, to March 3, 1815; was chief justice of the Jefferson-county Court 1814- 1826 ; was a member of the Vermont Constitutional Convention 1822; was governor of Vermont 1826- 1828; and died at Waterbury, Vermont, July 19, 1838. Butler, Josiah, was born in Rockingham Coun ty, New Hampshire, in 1780; received a classical education, graduating at Harvard College in 1803; studied law while teaching in Virginia; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at South Deer- field, New Hampshire; was several times elected a representative in the State legislature; was sheriff of Rockingham County; was appointed judge of the Superior Court of New Hampshire in 1813, and occu pied the position until the office was abolished by the legislature in 1816; was defeated as the Demo cratic candidate for the Thirteenth Congress, receiv ing 15,76-1 votes against 18,478 votes for Wilcox, peace candidate; was elected a representative from New Hampshire in the Fifteenth Congress, as a Demo crat, and was re-elected to the Sixteenth and the Seventeenth Congresses, serving from December 1, 1817, to March 3, 1823; and died at Deerfield, New Hampshire, November 8, 1854. Butler, M. Calvin, was born at Edgefield Court House, South Carolina; received a classical educa tion; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Edgefield Court House; entered the Confederate service as colonel of the Second South- Carolina Cavalry August 22, 1862; was promoted brigadier-general September 1, 1863, and placed in command of a brigade of South-Carolina cavalry; was promoted major-general, and placed in command of Wright s and Logan s cavalry brigades, Army of Northern Virginia; claimed to have been elected a senator from South Carolina, as a Democrat, for the term commencing March 4, 1877. Butler, Pierce, was born in Ireland July 11, 1744; received a liberal education; served in the British army as lieutenant, captain, and major, and was stationed in Boston, but resigned previous to the Revolution, and settled in Charleston, South Carolina; was a member of the Continental Congress from South Carolina in 1787; was a member of the Convention which framed the Federal Constitution in 1788; was elected a United-States senator from South Carolina, as a Democrat, serving from March 4, 1789, to 1796, when he resigned; was again elected to the United-States Senate"(in place of J. C. Cal- houn, deceased), serving from October 18, 1803, until 1804, when he again resigned. He died at Philadel phia February 15, 1822. Butler, Roderick R., was born at Wythcville, Virginia, April 8, 1827 ; went at an early age to Ten nessee; learned the tailor s trade; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Tay- lorsville, Tennessee; was elected county judge in 1856; was a member of the State House of Represen tatives in 1859 and 1861 ; was a delegate to the Balti more Republican Convention of 1864, and to the Tennessee Constitutional Convention of 1865; was appointed judge of the Circuit Court in 1865; was elected a representative from Tennessee in the For tieth Congress, as a Republican, almost without opposition, receiving 10,107 votes against 78 votes for Powell, Independent, and 75 votes for Kyle, Demo crat; was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress, re ceiving 11,972 votes against 1,717 votes for White, Conservative; was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress, receiving 6,584 votes against 5,979 votes for White, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty- third Congress, receiving 10,289 votes against 7,849 votes for Carter, Democrat, and serving from June 26, 1868, to March 3, 1875 ; was defeated as the Re publican candidate for the Forty-fourth Congress, receiving 6,984 votes against 8,797 votes for McFar- land, Democrat. Butler, Samson H., was born in South Caro lina; received a classical education; was elected a representative from South Carolina in the Twenty- sixth Congress, and was re-elected to the Twenty- seventh Congress, serving from December 2, 1819, until he resigned, on account of ill health, Septem ber 27, 1842. Butler, Thomas, was bom at Carlisle, Pennsyl vania; received a classical education; removed to Louisiana; was elected a representative from Louisi ana in the Fifteenth Congress (to fill the vacancy caused by the death of William C. C. Claiborne, deceased), defeating Edward Livingstone, and was re-elected to the Sixteenth Congress, serving from February 26, 1818, to March 3, 1821; died at New Orleans August 14, 1847. Butler, Thomas B., was born at Wethersfield, Connecticut, in 1807; received a classical education; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Norwalk, Connecticut; served in the State legislature; was elected a representative from Connecticut in the Thirty-first Congress, as a Whig, receiving 8,172 votes against 7,028 votes for Wildman, Democrat, and serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1851 ; died at Norwalk, Connecticut, June 8, 1873. Butler, William (father of Andrew Pickens Butler and of William Butler), was born in Prince William County, Virginia, in 1759; received a clas sical education; removed to South Carolina, and graduated at the South-Carolina College as a student of medicine; served with distinction in the war of the Revolution; was a member of (he State Conven tion which adopted the Federal Constitution, and of the State Constitutional Convention ; was a member of the State legislature several years, and in 1794 sheriff; was elected a representative from South Car olina in the Seventh Congress, and was successively re-elected to the Eighth, Ninth, Tenth, Eleventh, and Twelfth Congresses, without any serious opposition, serving from December 7, 1801, to March 3, 1813; was major-general commanding the troops raised for the defence of South Carolina during the war with Great Britain; was defeated as a candidate for the Sixteenth Congress by Eldrcd Simkins; died at Co lumbia, South "Carolina, November 15, 1821. Butler, "William (son of William Butler, and 314 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. brother of Andrew Pickens Butler), was born at Co lumbia, South Carolina; received a classical educa tion, graduating at the South-Carolina College in 1810 ; was elected a representative from South Caro lina in the Twenty-seventh Congress, as a Whig, serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1843. Butler, William Orlando, was born in Jessa mine County, Kentucky, in 1793; received a liberal education, and studied law; entered the United- States army as lieutenant in the Second Infantry, September 28, 1812, and served throughout the war with Great Britain, attaining the rank of lieutenant- colonel; practised law at Carrollton, Kentucky, 1817- 1839; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Twenty-sixth Congress, as a Van Buren Demo crat, receiving a majority of 237 over W. E. South- gate, Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress, receiving 4,079 votes against 4,391 votes for Southgate, Whig, and serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1841 ; served during the war with Mexico, receiving the rank of major-general; was nominated by the Democrats, in 1848, as their candidate for the Vice-Presidency, with General Cass as the candidate for President, and was defeated; was appointed by President Pierce governor of Nebraska, but declined the appointment; was a member of the Washington Peace Congress. His life and writings, edited by Francis P. Blair, were published in 1848. Butman, Samuel, was born in Maine when it was a district of Massachusetts ; received an academic education ; was a member of the State House of Rep resentatives of Maine in 1822, 1820, and 1827; was elected a representative from Maine in the Twentieth Congress, and was re-elected to the Twenty-first Con gress, serving from December 3, 1827, to March 3, 1831 ; was county commissioner of Penobscot County in 1840; was a member of the State Senate, and its president in 1853; and died at Dixmont, Maine, in 1804. Butterfield, Martin, resided at Palmyra, New York, and was elected a representative from that State in the Thirty-sixth Congress, as a Republican, receiving 10,855 votes against 5,389 votes for Gris- wold, Democrat, and 1,031 votes for Sisson, Ameri can, and serving from December 5, 1859, to March 4, 1801. Byers, William, was elected a representative from Arkansas in the Thirty-ninth Congress, but was not admitted to a seat. Byington, Le Grand, claimed to have been elected a representative from Iowa in the Thirty- seventh Congress, as a Democrat, having received 3,895 votes at a general election held in 1801, in accordance with a constitutional provision of the State, and contested the seat of William Vandever, who had been elected in 1800, as a Republican, re ceiving 30,805 votes against 27,200 votes for Samuels, Democrat, and who had since accepted the commis sion of colonel of a regiment of Iowa volunteers. The House, February 14, 1803, voted, 80 yeas against 28 nays, that Mr. Vandever, by accepting his commis sion, had vacated his seat, but that Mr. Byington had not been lawfully elected. Bynum, Jesse A., was born in Halifax County, North Carolina, in 1795; received a classical educa tion, graduating at Princeton College in 1810; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice at Halifax; was a member of the House of Com mons of North Carolina in 1823 and 1824; in 1825 a brawl between the contesting candidates, Bynum and Potter, and their friends, prevented an election, and in 1820 Bynum was defeated by Potter; was again elected to the House of Commons in 1827, 1828, 1829, and 1830; was elected a representative in the Twenty- third, Twenty-fourth, Twenty-fifth (defeating Long, Whig), and Twenty-sixth (by 72 majority) Congresses, as a Democrat, serving from December 2, 1833, until March 3, 1841; fought a duel with Representative Daniel Jenifer of Maryland, in which several shots were exchanged without harm; had a personal diffi culty on the floor of the House with Representative Rice Garland of Louisiana; removed to Alexandria Parish, Louisiana, where he devoted himself to agri cultural pursuits, and died September, 1808. Cabannis, E. G., of Georgia, claimed to have been elected a representative from that State in the Thirty-ninth Congress; and his credentials were pre sented December 17, 1800, but no action was taken on them. Cabell, Edward Carrington, was born at Richmond, Virginia, in 1817; received a classical edu cation, graduating at the University of Virginia; re moved in 1837 to Florida (then a Territory), and settled on a cotton plantation near Tallahassee; re ceived the certificate of election as a representative from Florida in the Twenty-ninth Congress; but the House gave the seat to the contestant, W. H. Brock- enborough, who took it January 28, 1840; was elected a representative from Florida in the Thirtieth Con gress as a Whig; was re-elected to the Thirty-first Congress, receiving 4,382 votes against 3,805 votes for Duvall, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Thirty- second Congress, receiving 4,531 votes against 4,050 votes for Beard, Democrat, serving from December 0, 1847, to March 3, 1853; was defeated as the Whig candidate for the Thirty-third Congress, receiving 4,587 votes against 4,027 votes for Augustus E. Max well, Democrat. Cabell, George C., was born at Danville Jan uary 25, 1837; was instructed by his father until twelve years of age, and, from that time until the age of eighteen, attended the Danville Academy; taught school in Henry County, devoting his leisure hours to the study of law ; attended the Law School of the University of Virginia in 1857; commenced practice at Danville in 1858; also edited "The Republican," and then "The Democratic Appeal," papers pub lished at Danville; was elected in September, 1858, Commonwealth s attorney for Danville, which posi tion he held until April 23, 1801, when he volunteered as a private in the Confederate army ; in June, 1801, was commissioned major, and assigned to the Eigh teenth Virginia Infantry, Colonel Withers, Pickett s division, Longstreet s corps; participated in most of the battles fought by that portion of the Army of Northern Virginia to which he was attached ; was twice wounded, and left the army at the close of the war with the rank of colonel ; after the war, returned to the practice of his profession, and was elected a representative from Virginia in the Forty-fourth Con gress as a Democrat, receiving 10,221 votes against 7,723 votes for C. Y. Thomas, Republican; was re- elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 10,221 votes against 7,723 votes for Thomas, Republican, serving from December 0, 1875. Cabell, Samuel J., was born in Virginia; re ceived a classical education, but left William and Mary College to enter the Revolutionary army, in whfrh he attained the rank of lieutenant-colonel, serving until taken prisoner by the British at the capture of Charleston in May, 1780; returned to Vir ginia after the war; was several years a member of the State House of Delegates; was elected a repre sentative from Virginia in the Fourth Congress; was re-elected to the Fifth, Sixth, and Seventh Con gresses, serving from December 7, 1795, to March 3, 1803; died on iris estate in Nelson County, Virginia, September 4, 1818. Cable, Joseph, was born in Ohio; received a public-school education ; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirty-first Congress as a Demo crat, receiving 0,987 votes against 0,330 votes for Mason, Whig; and was re-elected to the Thirty- second Congress, receiving 0,085 votes against 5,303 votes for Roberts, Whig, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1853. Cabot, George, was born at Salem, Massachu setts, December 3, 1752; received a classical educa- I tion, and entered Harvard College, but left at the ! end of his sophomore-year, and shipped as a cabin- STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 315 boy; was in command of a vessel before he reached his majority, and followed the seas for some years ; engaged in commercial pursuits at Boston; was a delegate to the State Provincial Congress in 1775, to the State Constitutional Convention in 1777, and to the Convention which ratified the Constitution of the United States; was elected a United-States senator from Massachusetts as a Federalist, serving from October 24, 1791, until he resigned in 1790; was ap pointed by John Adams the first secretary of the navy May 3, 1798, but declined; was a member of the Executive Council of Massachusetts 1808 ; was a delegate to the Hartford Convention in 1814, and was its presiding officer; retired from public affairs, and died at Boston April 8, 1823. Cadwalader, John, was born at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, April 1, 1805; received a classical edu cation, graduating at the University of Pennsylvania in 1821; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1821, and commenced practice at Philadelphia; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-fourth Congress as a Nebraska Democrat, receiving 7,842 votes against 7,834 votes for Jones, anti-Nebraska Whig, and serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1857 ; declined a renomination, and resumed practice at Philadelphia; was appointed by President Buchanan judge of the United-States Dis trict Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania. Cadwalader, Lambert, was born at Trenton, New Jersey, in 1741 ; entered the Revolutionary army, and commanded a regiment of " Jersey Blues ; was a delegate in the Continental Congress 1784- 1787 ; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the First Congress, serving from March 4, 1789, to March 3, 1791; was again elected to the Third Congress, serving from December 2, 1793, to March 3, 1795 ; and died at Trenton, New Jersey, September 12, 1S33. Cady, Daniel, was born at Chatham, New York, April 29, 1773; received a public-school education; learned the trade of shoemaking ; studied law at Florida, New York; was admitted to the bar in 1795, and commenced practice at Johnstown, New York ; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1809-1813; was elected a representative from New York in the Fourteenth Congress as a Federalist, serving from December 4, 1815, to March 3, 1817; resumed practice; was a justice of the State Supreme Court from 1847 to January 1, 1855, when he re signed ; and died at Johnstown, New York, October 31, 1859. Cady, John "W., was born in the State of New York ; received a public-school education ; was a member of the State legislature in 1822 ; was elected a representative from New York in the Eighteenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1823, to March 3, 1825. Cage, Harry, was born in Tennessee; received a classical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Woodville, Mis sissippi ; was appointed judge of the Supreme Court of Mississippi ; was elected a representative from Mississippi in the Twenty-Third Congress, serving from December 2, 1833, until March 3, 1835 ; retired from practice, and settled on a plantation in Louisi ana, Avhcre he died. Gaboon, William, was born in the State of Vermont; was several years a member of the State House of Representatives; was a presidential elector on the Madison ticket in 1809; was a member of the executive council 1815-1820 ; was county judge ; was lieutenant-governor of Vermont 1820-1821 ; was elected a representative from Vermont in the Twen ty-first Congress, and was re-elected to the Twenty- second Congress, serving from December 7, 1829, to March 2, 1833; died at "Lyndon, Vermont, May 30, 1833. Cain, Richard H., was born in Greenbricr County, Virginia, April 12, 1825. His father re moved to Ohio in 1831, and settled in Gallipolis. He had no education, except such as was afforded in sabbath school, until after his marriage; entered the ministry at an early age ; became a student at Wilber- force University at Xenia, Ohio, in 18GO, and re mained there for one year; removed, at the breaking- out of the war, to Brooklyn, New York, where he was a pastor for four years ; was sent by his church as a missionary to the f reedmen in South Carolina ; was chosen a member of the Constitutional Conven tion of South Carolina; was elected a member of the State Senate from Charleston, and served two years ; took charge of a Republican newspaper in 18G8 ; was elected a representative from South Carolina in the Forty-third Congress as a Republican, receiving 00,- 825 votes against 26,394 votes for Lewis E. Johnson, and was again elected to the Forty-Fifth Congress as a Republican, receiving 21,385 votes against 10,074 votes for M. P. O Connor, Democrat. Cake, Henry L., was born in Northumberland County, Pennsylvania, October 6, 1827; received a common-school education; learned the art of print ing, and published "The Pottsville Mining Record" up to the commencement of the Rebellion ; entered the Union army as a private April 17, 1801, arriving at Washington April 18, 1801, with the first volun teers, afterwards incorporated with the Twenty-fifth Pennsylvania Regiment, of which he was unanimous ly elected colonel at Washington, May 1, 1801; after the three-months service he re-organized his regi ment, and commanded the Ninety-sixth Pennsylvania Volunteers; was largely engaged in the manufacture of machinery for the preparation of and in the mining and shipping of anthracite coal ; was elected a repre sentative from Pennsylvania in the Fortieth Congress as a Republican, receiving 13,180 votes against 12,- 971 votes for Dr. Cyrus D. Gloninger, Democrat, and was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress, receiving 12,501 votes against 12,270 votes for Connor, Demo crat, serving from March 4, 1807, to March 3, 1871. Caldwell, Alexander, was born in Hunting don County, Pennsylvania, March 1,1830; attended public schools until he was sixteen years of age ; en listed in 1847 as a soldier in the Mexican war, enter ing his father s company, who was killed at one of the gates of the city of Mexico ; returned in 1848 to Columbia, Pennsylvania, where he was employed as teller in a bank, and subsequently in mercantile pur suits ; went in 1801 to Kansas, where he engaged in the transportation of military supplies to the various posts on the plains, and was afterward largely inter ested in the building of railroads and bridges; was elected United-States senator from Kansas as a Re- l?ublican, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1877. Caldwell, George A., was born in Kentucky; was elected a representative from that State in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 4,500 votes against 4,090 votes for B. Y. Owsley, Whig, and 1,507 for Stone, Whig, serving from De cember 4, 1843, to March 3, 1845; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Twenty-ninth Congress, receiving 5,905 votes against 0,044 votes for Joshua F. Bell, Whig; was again elected to the Thirty-first Congress, receiving 0,719 votes against 5,579 votes for Aylett Buchner, and serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1857; was a delegate to the National Union Convention at Philadelphia in 1800, and died, at Louisville, Kentucky, September 17, 1800. Caldwell, Greene Washington, was born in Gaston County, North Carolina, April 13, 1811; re ceived a classical education; studied medicine; was admitted to practice; was assistant surgeon in the United-States army July 13, 1832-October 19, 1832; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Charlotte ; was several years a member of the State legislature; was elected a representative from North Carolina in the Twenty-seventh Congress as a Democrat, serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1843; was appointed superintendent of the United- States mint at Charlotte in 1844; was appointed 316 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. captain of dragoons March 3, 1847 ; and was mustered out July 30, 1848. Caldwell, James, was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirteenth Congress as a Democrat, and was re-elected to the Fourteenth Congress, serv ing from May 24, 1813, to March 3, 1817. Caldwell, John H., was born at Huntsville, Alabama; received a classical education in his native town, and was for two years at Bacon College, Har- rodsburg, Kentucky; was a member of the legisla ture of Alabama in 1857-1858 ; was admitted to the bar in 1859; was elected solicitor for the Tenth Judicial Circuit by the legislature at the session of 1859-1860; re-elected at the session of 1803-18(54; deposed by the provisional governor in 1805; re-elected the same winter, when things were no longer "provisional," and removed from the office in 1807 by military authority for refusing to obey military orders ; con tinued practice until he was elected a representative from Alabama in the Forty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 10,544 votes against 0,293 votes for G. D. Campbell, Republican; and was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 13,011 votes against 8,909 votes for James L. Shef field, Independent Democrat. Caldwell, Joseph Pearson, was born in Ire- dell County, North Carolina, in 1808; was educated at Bethany Academy; studied law with Judge Cald well ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice at Statesville ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1838, 1840, and 1842; was elected a representative from North Carolina in the Thirty-first Congress as a Whig, receiving 6,351 votes against 1,809 votes for Stokes, Democrat, and was re-elected to the Thirty-second Congress as a Whig, without opposition, serving from December 3, 1849, until his death, January 3, 1853. Caldwell, Patrick C., was bom in South Caro lina; resided near Newberry Court House; was elected a representative from South Carolina in the Twenty-seventh Congress as a State-rights Demo crat, serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1843. Caldwell, Robert P., was born in xidair Coun ty, Kentucky, December 16, 1821 ; had a public-school education ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Trenton; was in the lower branch of the General Assembly of Tennessee in 1847-1848, and was in the upper branch in 1855-1850; was elected attorney-general in the Sixteenth Judicial Circuit of Tennessee in 1858; was major in the Twelfth Tennessee Infantry of the Confederate ser vice ; had his disabilities removed by act of Congress, and was e4ected a representative from Tennessee in the Forty-second Congress as a Democrat, receiving 8,227 votes against 1,848 votes for J. Norman, Re publican. Caldwell, "William P., was born at Christmas- ville, Tennessee, Novembers, 1832; was educated at Cumberland College, Kentucky; studied law at Leb anon; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice at Dresden, Tennessee; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1857 and 1859; was on the Douglas electoral ticket in 1800; was a delegate to the National Democratic Convention at New York in 1808, which nominated Seymour and Blair ; was elected a representative from Tennessee in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiv ing 11,128 votes against 4,330 votes for David A. Nunn, Republican, and was re-elected to the Forty- fifth Congress, receiving 14,790 votes against 6,509 votes for Folk, Republican, serving from December 0, 3875. Calhoun, John, was born in Kentucky; received a classical education ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice; was a member of the State legislature in 1820-1821 and in 1829-1830; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Twenty-fourth Congress as a Whig, defeating Dr. Ray, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Twenty- tifi.li Congress, defeating Vanmetre, Democrat, serv ing from December 7, 1835, to March 3, 1839; re moved in 1839 to St. Louis, where he practised law; returned to Kentucky, and was appointed judge of the Fourteenth Judicial District in January, 1842. Calhoun, John Caldwell, was born in Abbe ville District, South Carolina, March 18, 1782; re ceived a classical education from his brother-in-law, Rev. Moses Waddell, at the Wilmington Academy, which he perfected at Yale College, graduating in 1804; studied law at the Litchfield (Connecticut) Law School, and with H. W. De Saussurc at Charles ton, and George Bowie at Abbeville; was admitted to the bar in 1807, and commenced practice at Abbeville ; was a member of the State General Assembly in 1808-1809; was elected a representative from South Carolina in the Twelfth Congress as a War Demo crat, and was re-elected to the Thirteenth and Four teenth Congresses, serving from November 4, 1811, to March 3, 1817; was secretaiy of war December 16, 1817-March 3, 1825; was Vice-President of the United States March 4, 1825-December 28, 1832, when he resigned, and was elected United-States senator (to fill the vacancy made by the election of General Hayne as governor), and was re-elected, serv ing from January 4, 1833, until he resigned, March 3, 1843 ; was secretary of state under President Ty ler March 6, 1844-March 3, 1845; was again elected United-States senator from South Carolina, serving from December 22, 1845, until his death, at Washing ton, March 31, 1850. Calhoun, John Erwin, Avas born in 1749 ; re ceived a classical education, graduating at Princeton College in 1744; studied law; was admitted to the bar in March, 1789, and commenced practice at Charleston; was a commissioner of confiscated es tates ; was several years a member of the State House of Representatives ; was elected United-States senator from South Carolina as a Democrat, and served from December 11, 1801, until his death, at his summer residence near Fort Hill, South Carolina, November 3, 1802. Calhoun, Joseph, was born in South, Carolina; was elected a representative from that State in the Tenth Congress, and was re-elected to the Eleventh Congress, serving from October 26, 1807, to March 3, 1811. Calhoun, William B., was born at Boston, Massachusetts, December 29, 1790; received a clas sical education, graduating at Yale College in 1814; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Springfield ; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1825-1835, serving two years as speaker; was elected a representative from Massa chusetts in the Twenty-fourth Congress as a Whig, receiving 3,039 votes against 2,399 votes for a Demo crat; was re-elected to the Twenty-fifth Congress, defeating Bancroft, Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty-sixth Congress, receiving 4,303 votes against 2,957 votes for W. W. Thompson, Democrat, and was re-elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress, serv ing from December 7, 1835, to March 3, 1843; was a member of the State Senate in 1840 and 1847, and its president; was secretary of state of Massachusetts 1848-1851; was State bank commissioner 1853-1855; was presidential elector on the Clay and Frelinghuy- sen ticket 1844; was mayor of Springfield 1859; and died at Springfield, Massachusetts, November 8, 1805. Calkin, Hervey C., was born at Maiden, New York, March 23, 1828; received a public-school edu cation ; settled in the city of New York in 1847 ; was for five years employed in the Morgan Iron Works; in 1852 he commenced business as a dealer in metals, and identified himself with the shipping interests of the country; held no public positions, excepting that of a school-officer in his ward; was elected a representative from New York in the Forty-first Con gress as a Democrat, receiving 18,485 votes against 5,9S7 votes for Pinckney, Republican. Call, Jacob, resided at Princeton, Indiana; was elected a representative from that State, in place of STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 317 William Prince, deceased, in the Eighteenth Con gress, serving from December 23, 1824, to March 3, 1825. Call, Richard K., was born in Kentucky; en tered the United-States army in 1814 as first lieuten ant of the Forty-fourth Infantry; was volunteer aide to Major-General Jackson, April, 1818; was captain July, 1818, and resigned May 1, 1822; settled in Florida; was a member of the Territorial Legislative Council in 1822; was brigadier-general of the West- Florida militia January, 1823 ; was elected a delegate from Florida in the Eighteenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1823, to March 3, 1825. Callis, John B., was born in North Carolina in 1828; removed to Tennessee in 1841, and from there to Wisconsin; entered the Union army as a lieu tenant, and rose to the rank of brigadier-general; settled, after the war, at Huntsvillc, Alabama; de clined a colonel s commission in the United-States army; was elected a representative from Alabama in the Fortieth Congress as a Republican, receiving 3,874 votes against 2,183 votes for J. W. Burke, and serving from July 21, 18G8, to March 3, 1809. Calvert, Charles B., was born in Prince George County, Maryland, August 24, 1808; received a clas sical education, graduating at the University of Vir ginia in 1827 ; devoted himself to agricultural pursuits, and was noted as a stock-breeder; was president of the Prince George County Agricultural Society, and of the Maryland State Agricultural Society, and vice- president of the United-States Agricultural Society; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1830, 1843, and 1844; was a political and personal friend of Henry Clay; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Thirty-seventh Congress as a Union Whig, receiving 4,407 votes against 4,305 votes for Harris, Democrat, and serving from July 4, 1801, to March 3, 1803; died at "Riverside," his estate near Bladensburg, Maryland, May 14, 1804. Calvin, Samuel, was born at Washingtonville, Pennsylvania, July 30, 1811; received, through his own exertions, a classical education; taught school; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1830, and commenced practice at Ilollidaysburg, Pennsylvania; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-first Congress as a Whig, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1851; declined a re election. Cambreleng, Churchill C., was born at Wash ington, North Carolina, in 1780 ; received an academic education at New Berne, North Carolina: removed in 1802 to New- York City, where he entered a count ing-room as a clerk, and in time became a leading merchant, establishing the house of Cambreleng and Pearson; Avas elected a representative from New York in the Seventeenth Congress as a Democrat, and was successively re-elected to the Eighteenth, Nineteenth, Twentieth, Twenty-first, Twenty-second, Twenty-third, Twenty-fourth, and Twenty-fifth Con gresses, by large majorities, serving from December 3, 1821, to March 3, 1839; was defeated as the Demo cratic candidate for the Twenty-sixth Congress, re ceiving 19,205 votes against 20,503 votes for Moses Grinnell, Whig; went abroad, and, while in Europe, was appointed by President Van Buren minister to Russia, serving from May 20, 1840, to July 13, 1841 ; died at his country-seat, at West Neck, Long Island, April 30, 1802. Cameron, Angus, was born at Caledonia, New York, July 4, 1820; received an academic education; studied law at Buffalo, New York, and graduated at the National Law School, Ballston Spa; removed to La Crosse, Wisconsin, in 1857; was a member of the State Senate of Wisconsin in 1863, 18C4, 1871, and 1872 : was a member of the Legislative Assembly of Wisconsin in 1800 and 1807, and was speaker in 1807; was a member of the National Republican Conven tion at Baltimore in 1804; was one of the regents of the University of Wisconsin 1800-1875; was elected United-States senator from Wisconsin by the votes of Republicans, Democrats, and Liberals, to succeed Matthew H. Carpenter, serving from March 4, 1875. Cameron, James Donald (son of Simon Cam eron), was born atMiddlctown, Pennsylvania, in 1833; received a classical education, and was a student at Princeton College; entered the Middlctown Bank as clerk, and became its cashier; was president of the Northern-Central Railway Company of Pennsylvania 1800-1874, when the road was leased to the Pennsyl vania Railroad Company; was secretary of war under President Grant, May 22, 1870-March 3, 1877 ; was a delegate to the National Republican Convention at Cincinnati in 1870; and was elected a United-States senator from Pennsylvania (to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Simon Cameron) in March, 1877, sen-ing from October 15, 1877. Cameron, Simon (father of James Donald Cameron), was born at Waynesborough, Pennsyl vania, March 8, 1799; learned the art of printing; worked as a journeyman in Washington City, and afterward edited newspapers at Doylestown and Har- risburg; afterward became interested in important banking and railroad interests, and served as adju tant-general of Pennsylvania; was secretary of war in 1801, organizing the Union armies, and initiating the arming of colored men; he resigned when ap pointed minister plenipotentiary to Russia in 1802; was elected United-States senator from Pennsylvania in 1845, serving until 1849, and was re-elected in 1857 for the term ending in 1803, but resigned in 1801 ; was again re-elected as a Union Republican, to suc ceed Edgar Cowan, Democrat; took his seat in 1807; was re-elected in 1872; resigned in 1877, and was suc ceeded by his son. Campbell, Alexander, was born at Concord, Pennsylvania, October 4, 1814; received a common- school education; entered an iron-manufacturing establishment at an early age as clerk ; became super intendent, and continued in the business of mana ging iron-works in Pennsylvania, Kentucky, and Mis souri, until 1850, when he removed to La Salic, where he has since resided; was elected mayor of La Salle in 1852, and re-elected in 1853; was a member of the State legislature of Illinois in 1858 and 1859; was a member of the State Constitutional Convention of Illinois in 1802, and was elected a representative from Illinois in the Forty-fourth Congress as an Independ ent, receiving 10,303 votes against 7,900 votes for F. Corwin, Republican, and serving from December 0, 1875, to March 3, 1877 ; was defeated as the Republican candidate for the Forty-fourth Congress, receiving 13,313 votes against 14,849 votes for Philip C. Hayes, Republican. Campbell, Alexander, was born in Virginia in 1779; received an academic education; studied medi cine, and commenced practice in Kentucky in 1785; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1800; removed to Ripley, Ohio, in 1803; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1800; was elected a senator from Ohio in place of Edward Tiffin, resigned, and took his seat January 12, 1810, serving until March 3, 1813; was a State senator 1813-1823; and died at Ripley, Ohio, Novem ber 5, 1857. Campbell, Brookins, was born in Washington County, Tennessee, in 1808; received a public-school education; was for several years a member of the State House of Representatives, and speaker of the House in 1845 ; served in the Mexican war as com missary, with the rank of major, August 4, 1840, to July 17, 1847; was elected a representative from Ten nessee in the Thirty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 5,530 votes atrainst 5,387 votes for Taylor, Whig, but died at Washington City December 25, 1853^ having never taken his seat. Campbell, George Washington, was born in Tennessee in 1708; received a classical education, graduating at Princeton College in 1794; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Nashville; was elected a representative from Ten- 318 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. ncssce in the Eighth Congress as a Democrat ; was rc-clectecl to the Ninth Congress, and was re-elected to the Tenth Congress, serving from October 17, 183:3, to March 3, 1809; was elected United-States senator from Tennessee in place of Jenkin White- side, resigned, and took his scat November 4, 1811, serving until he resigned, February 9, 1814; was secretary of the treasury from February 9, 1814, to October 6, 1814; was again elected senator from Tennessee, serving from December 4, 1815, until he resigned, in 1818; was minister to Russia from April 16, 1818, to July 5, 1821; was a member of the French Claims Commission in 1801 ; and died at Nashville, Tennessee, February 17, 1843. Campbell, James H., was horn at Williams- port, Pennsylvania, February 8, 1820; received a classical education; studied law; graduated at the Carlisle Law School; was admitted to the bar in 1841, and commenced practice at Pottsville; was a member of the National Whig Convention at Balti more in 1844; was elected a representative from Penn sylvania in the Thirty-fourth Congress as a Whig, receiving 5,384 votes against 5,081 votes for W. L. Dcwart, Democrat; was defeated as the Republican candidate for the Thirty-iifth Congress, receiving 6,418 votes against 8,925 votes for W. L. Dewart, Democrat; was again elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving 7,153 votes against 4,800 votes for W. L. Dewart; was re-elected to the Thirty- seventh Congress, receiving 9,807 votes against 9,518 votes for Hughes, Democrat, serving from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 18G3; was defeated as the Re publican candidate for the Thirty-eighth Congress, receiving 8,518 votes against 9,239 votes for Myer Strouse, Democrat ; was minister to Sweden from May 18, 1804, to March 29, 1867; was appointed minister to the United States of Colombia in 1807, but declined. Campbell, John, was born in Charles County, Maryland, July 4, 1705; received a classical educa tion ; held several local offices ; was elected a repre sentative from Maryland in the Seventh Congress as a Federalist, and was re-elected to the Eighth, Ninth, Tenth, and Eleventh Congresses, serving from De cember 7, 1801, to March 3, 1811; was judge of the Orphans Court of Charles County; and died at Port Tobacco, Maryland, June 23, 1828. Campbell, John, was born in South Carolina; received a classical education, graduating at the South-Carolina College in 1819; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Brownsville; removing to Parnassus, Maryborough District, was elected a representative from South Carolina in the Twenty-first Congress as a State- rights Whig, serving from December 7, 1829, to March 3, 1831 ; was again elected to the Twenty-fifth Con gress as a State-rights Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty-sixth Congress, receiving 1,280 votes against 690 votes for Smith, sub-treasury nullifier; was re-elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress, re ceiving 1,280 majority, and was re-elected to the Twenty-eighth Congress, serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3. 1845; and died at Parnassus, May 19, 1845. Campbell, JohnH., was born in Pennsylvania; received a classical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Phil adelphia; was elected a representative from Penn sylvania in the Twenty-ninth Congress as a Native American, receiving 5,662 votes against 5,509 votes for his Democratic opponent, and serving from De cember 1, 1845, to March 3, 1847; declined a renomi- nation, and resumed practice; died at Philadelphia January 19, 1868. Campbell, John P., was born in Kentucky, and resided at Belleview; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1820; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Thirty-fourth Congress as a National American, receiving 7,533 votes against 0,089 votes for Peyton, Democrat, and serving from December 3, ]855, t:> March 3, 1857. Campbell, John W., was horn in Augusta County, Virginia; received an academic education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and com menced practice at West Union, Ohio; held several local offices; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Fifteenth Congress as a Democrat; was re- elected to the Sixteenth, Seventeenth, Eighteenth, and Nineteenth Congresses, serving from December 1, 1817, to March 3, 1827 ; was judge of the United- States Court for the District of Ohio ; and died Sep tember 24, 1833. Campbell, Lewis D., was horn at Franklin, Ohio, August 9, 1811; received a public-school educa tion; was apprenticed to the art of printing 1828- 1831 ; published a Clay Whig newspaper at Hamilton, Ohio, 1831-1836; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Hamilton; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirty-first Congress as a Whig, receiving 6,914 votes against 6,479 votes for Bahhvin, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-second Congress as a Free-soil Whig, re ceiving 6,092 votes against 5,279 votes for Vance, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-third Con gress, receiving 8, OSO votes against 8,533 votes for C. L. Vallandigham, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress, receiving 9,058 votes against 6,493 votes for C. L. Vallandigham (claimed to have been re-elected to the Thirty-iifth Congress ; but the House gave the scat to C. L. Vallandigham), serving from December 3, 1849, to May 25, 1858; served in the Union army as colonel of a regiment of Ohio volunteer infantry 1801-1802, resigning on account of ill health; was commissioned minister to Mexico May 4, 1806-June 16, 1867, but did not reach his post; engaged in agricultural pursuits; was again elected to the Forty-second Congress as a Democrat, receiving 14,838 votes against 14". 785 votes for Robert C. Schenk, Republican. Campbell, Robert B., was born in South Caro lina; received a classical education, graduating at the South-Carolina College in 1809; was elected a representative from South Carolina in the Eighteenth Congress as a State-rights Whig, serving from De cember 1, 1823, to March 3, 1825; was again elected to the Twenty-third Congress in place of Thomas D. Singleton, deceased, as a nullilicr, and was re-elected to the Twenty-fourth Congress, receiving 81 majority over Postell, Union Democrat, serving from Febru ary 27, 1834, to March 3, 1837 ; declined a re-election ; was appointed by President Tyler in 1842 consul- general at Havana. Campbell, Samuel, was born at Mansfield, Connecticut ; received a public-school education ; re moved to Columbus, New York ; was for five succes sive years a member of the State House of Repre sentatives; was elected a representative from New York in the Seventeenth Congress, serving from De cember 3, 1821, to March 3, 1823. Campbell, Thomas Jefferson, was born in Tennessee in 1780; received a public-school educa tion; was assistant inspector-general to Major-Gen eral Coke s division of East-Tennessee militia Sep tember 25, 1813, to March 12, 1814; was a presidential elector on the Harrison ticket in 1841 ; was elected a representative from Tennessee in the Twenty-seventh Congress as a Whig, receiving 79 majority over Ju lius Blackwell, Democrat, and serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1843; was defeated as the Whig candidate for the Twenty-eighth Congress, receiving 5,700 votes against 5,793 votes for Julius Blackwell, Democrat; was elected clerk of the House of Repre sentatives in the Thirtieth and Thirty-first Con gresses, serving from December 7, 1847, until his death, at Washington City, April 13, 1850. Campbell, Thompson, was born in Pennsyl vania; received a public-school education; removed to Galena, Illinois, where he became interested in mining; was elected a representative from Illinois in the Thirty-second Congress as a Democrat, receiving 8,181 votes against 7,807 votes for Sweet, Whig, and STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 319 serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1853; removed to California, and died there December 7, 1868. Campbell, William B., was born in Tennessee; received a classical education; studied law at Abing- don and at Winchester, Virginia; was admitted to the bar in Tennessee, and commenced practice ; was elected a member of the Tennessee House of Repre sentatives in 1835; served as captain of a company in Trousdale s regiment in the Florida war; was elected a representative from Tennessee in the Twen ty-fifth Congress as a Whig, receiving 014 majority; was re-elected to the Twenty-sixth Congress, receiv ing 7(56 majority over W. C. Trousdale, Democrat, and was re-elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress without opposition, serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1843 ; served in the Mexican war as colonel of the First Tennessee Volunteers ; commanded his brigade after General Pillow was wounded, and was distinguished at Cerro Gordo and at Monterey; was made judge of the Fourth Circuit of Tennessee soon after he returned from Mexico; was governor of Tennessee 1851-1853; was elected judge of the Cir cuit Court in 1857 ; canvassed the State in opposition to secession in 1861; was appointed by President Lincoln brigadier-general of volunteers June 30, 1862; resigned, on account of bad health, January 26, 1863; was elected a representative from Tennessee in the Thirty-ninth Congress as a Whig, and was ad mitted to his seat December 3, 1867, serving to March 3, 1867; died at Lebanon, Tennessee, August 19, 1867. Campbell, "William "W., was born at Cherry Valley, New York, June 10, 1806; received a classical education, graduating at Union College in 1827; studied law with Chancellor Kent of New York; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at New- York City in 1831 ; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-ninth Congress as a National American, receiving 7,856 votes against 7,750 votes for Moore, Democrat, and serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1847; visited Europe; was a justice of the Superior Court of New-York City 1849-1855 ; was elected a judge of the State Su preme Court for the Sixth District 1857-1865 ; pub lished "Annals of Tryon County" (1831), "Border Warfare" (1849), "Life of De Witt Clinton" (1849), " Sketches of Robin Hood and Captain Kidd " (1853), " Life of Mrs. Grant, a Missionary" (1840). Canby, Richard S., was born in Ohio; resided at Bellefontaine; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirtieth Congress as a Whig, serving from December 6. 1847, to March 3,1849. Candler, Milton A., Avas born in Campbell County, Georgia, January 11, 1837; received a clas sical education, graduating at the University of Georgia in 1854; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1856, and commenced practice at Decatur, Georgia; was a member of the State House of Repre sentatives in 1861-1863, of the State Constitutional Convention in 1865, and of the State Senate in 1868- 1872; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 12,450 votes against 6,273 votes for G. Mills, Repub lican, serving from December 6, 1875, to March 3, 1877. Cannon, George Q., was born at Liverpool, England, January 11, 1827; at an early age emigrated with his parents to the United States; received a careful education; learned the art of printing; is an editor by profession; was one of the first settlers of the Great Salt-lake Basin, since organized as Utah Territory; when steps were taken by the people of Utah, in 1862, to have the Territory admitted into the Union as a State, was elected United-States sen ator; was elected a member of the legislative coun cil of the Territory of Utah for the years 1865 and 1866, 1869 and 1870, and 1871 and 1872 ; was elected in 1865, and regularly since then, a member of the Board of Regents of the Deseret University; at a Constitutional Convention held at Salt-lake City in the months of February and March, 1872, was elected a delegate to present the constitution and memorial to Congress for the admission of the Territory into the Union as a State; was elected a delegate from Utah in the Forty-third Congress, receiving 20,9(>9 votes against 1,942 votes for G. R. Maxwell, anti- Mormoii ; was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Congress, receiving 24,863 votes against 4,518 votes for 11. N. Baskin, anti-Mormon, and was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 21,531 votes against 3,842 votes for R. N. Baskin, anti-Mormon, serving from December 1, 1873. Cannon, Joseph G., was born at Guilford, North Carolina, May 7, 1836; received a liberal edu cation; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Tuscola, Illinois; was State s attorney from March, 1861, to December, 1868; was elected a representative from Illinois in the Forty- third Congress as a Republican, receiving 15,191 votes against 11,405 votes for W. E. Nelson, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Congress, receiv ing 11,243 votes against 10,603 votes for James II. Pickrell, Democrat, and was re-elected to the Forty- fifth Congress, receiving 17,796 votes against 1(5,404 votes for Black, Democrat, serving from December 1, 1873. Cannon, Newton, was born in Guilford County, North Carolina; received a public-school education; removed to Tennessee ; was elected a representative from Tennessee in the Thirteenth Congress (in place of Felix Grundy, resigned) as a Democrat, and was re-elected to the Fourteenth Congress, serving from October 15, 1814, to March 3, 1817; was appointed by President Monroe a commissioner to negotiate a treaty with the Chickasaw Indians in 1819 ; was again elected a representative from Tennessee in the Sixteenth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 1,413 majority over Trimble, and was re-elected to the Seventeenth Congress without opposition, serving from December 6, 1819, to March 3, 1823; was gov ernor of Tennessee 1835-1839 ; and died at Harpeth, Tennessee, September 29, 1842. Cantine, John, was born .at Kingston, New York; was a member of the State House of Repre sentatives 1777-1781, 1788-1789, and of the State Senate 1790-1797 ; was a delegate from Ulster County to the State Convention which adopted the Federal Constitution in 1788; was elected a representative from New York in the Eighth Congress, but resigned before taking his seat, in June, 1803. Capertoil, Allen Taylor, was born near Union, Monroe County, Virginia (now West Virginia), No vember 21, 1810; attended school in Virginia, and at Huntsville, Alabama, the University of Virginia, and Yale College, graduating at the latter institu tion in 1839; studied law with Judge Briscoe G. Baldwin at Staunton, Virginia; was admitted to the bar, and has since practised; was a director of the James-river and Kanawha Canal ; was for several years a Whig member of the State House of Dele gates and of the State Senate of Virginia, his last senatorial term being from 1859 to 1860; was a mem ber of the State Constitutional Convention of Vir ginia in 1861; was elected by the legislature of Virginia a member of the Confederate-States Senate, and served until the close of the war, in 1865 ; took an active part, after returning home, in bringing the fine coal, mineral, timber, and grazing-lands of West Virginia before distant capitalists ; was elected United-States senator from West Virginia as a Democrat, to succeed Arthur I. Boreman; took his seat March 4, 1875; and died at Washington City, July 26, 1876. Caperton, Hugh (father of Allen T. Caperton), was bom in Virginia in 1780; received an academic education ; devoted himself to agricultural pursuits ; was for several years a member of the Virginia State House of Delegates; was elected a representative from Virginia in, the Thirteenth Congress as a Fed- 320 CONGRESSIONAL DIEECTOEY. eralist, serving from May 24, 1813, to March 2, 1815; died in Monroe County, Virginia (now West Vir ginia), February 9, 1847. Carey, George, was born in Charles County, Maryland; received an academic education; removed to Georgia, and settled at Appling; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Eighteenth Con gress, and was re-elected to the Nineteenth Congress, sen-ing from December 1, 1823, to March 3, 1827; and died in Upson County, Georgia, June 14, 1844. Carey, Jeremiah E., was born at Coventry, Rhode Island, April 30, 1803; received a public- school education ; removed to Cherry Valley, in the State of New York; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1829, and commenced practice ; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 8,085 votes against 5,893 votes for Tuckerman, Whig, and serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1845 ; removed to New- York City, and commenced practice there. Carey, John, was born in Monongahela County, Virginia, April 5, 1792; removed with his parents to the North-western Territory in 1798; worked with his father as a tanner until 1812; assisted in building the first stone house in Columbus, Ohio, in 1834; was an associate judge 1825-1832; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1828, 1836, and 1843; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Republican, re ceiving 9,304 votes against 9,117 votes for L. W. Hall, Democrat, serving from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 1861 ; retired to his farm, devoting himself *o agricultural pursuits. Carlile, John S., was born at Winchester, Vir ginia, December 16, 1817; was educated by his mother; engaged in mercantile pursuits; studied law ; was admitted to the bar in 1840, and commenced practice at Beverly, Virginia, in 1842; was a member of the State Senate 1847-1851 ; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention of 1850; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Thirty-fourth Congress as a Unionist, serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1857; was again elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress as a Unionist, serving from July 4, 1861, until July 13, 1861, when he took his scat in the Senate, having been elected in place of R. M. T. Hunter, withdrawn, and serving to March 3, 1805. Carlton, Peter, was born in New Hampshire; received a public-school education; and was elected a representative from New Hampshire in the Tenth Congress, serving from October 26, 1807, to March 3, 1809. Carmichael, Richard B., was born in Mary land; received a classical education, graduating at Princeton College in 1828; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Centreville ; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Twenty-third Congress as a Jackson Democrat, serving from De cember 2, 1833, to March 3, 1835 ; was presiding judge of the County Court of Queen Anne County in 1861. Carmichael, William, was born in Maryland ; received a classical education ; went to Paris as secre tary to the commissioners of the American States November 28, 1777; returned home, and was a dele gate from Maryland in the Continental Congress 1778-1780; went to Spain as secretary of legation September 28, 1779; was appointed charr/e d affaires April 20, 1790, and served until May, 1794, having negotiated in 1792, jointly with William Short, a treaty concerning the free navigation of the Missis sippi River; returned to Maryland; and died in Feb ruary, 1795. Games, Thomas P., was born in Maryland in 1762; received a classical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and removed to Millcdge- yillc, Georgia, where he commenced practice; was solid tor-general, and subsequently attorney-general, of Georgia; was judge of the Supreme Court of Georgia; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Third Congress, serving from December 2, 1793, to March 3, 1795; died at Milledgcville, Georgia, May 5, 1822. Carpenter, Davis, was born at Walpole, New Hampshire, December 25, 1799; received an academic education ; studied medicine ; received the degree of M.D. at Middlebury College in 1824, and commenced practice at Brockport, New York ; was elected a rep resentative from New York in the Thirty-third Con gress (in place of A. Boody, resigned) as a Whig, receiving 148 majority, and serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855; was defeated as the Whig candidate for the Thirty-fourth Congress, receiving 4,227 votes against 5,609 votes for John Williams, Soft Democrat, and 1865 votes for Sibley, Hard Dem ocrat; resumed practice at Brockport. Carpenter, Leyi D., was born in Oneida Coun ty, New York; received a public-school education; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-eighth Congress (in place of Samuel Beards- ley, resigned), as a Hard Democrat, by 734 majority, serving from December 2, 1844, to March 3, 1845. Carpenter, Lewis Cass, was born at Putnam, Connecticut, February 20, 1836; received a public- school education ; removed to New Jersey, where he taught school for several years ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar, but never practised ; began writ ing for the press at an early age, and was for several years connected with New- York papers ; removed to Washington, District of Columbia, in 1864, and was appointed an officer of the treasury department; was also Washington correspondent for several news papers; assisted in establishing the first Republican daily paper in South Carolina "The Charleston Republican" in 1868, and removed there in 1870 to become one of its editors; established " The Daily Union" in 1870; was elected a representative from South Carolina in the Forty-third Congress as a Republican (in place of Robert B. Elliott, resigned), receiving 23,185 votes, without any organized oppo sition, serving from December 7, 1874, to March 3, 1875. Carpenter, Matthew H., of Milwaukee, was born at Moretown, Vermont, in 1824; entered the Military Academy at West Point in 1853, and re mained there two years; studied law with Rufus Choate, and was admitted to the bar; removed to Wisconsin in 1848, and entered upon the practice of his profession; was elected United-States senator from Wisconsin as a Republican, in place of James R. Doolittle; took his seat March 4, 1869, and served until March 3, 1875 ; resumed practice at Washington City. Carr, Francis, was born in Massachusetts in 1752; received a public-school education ; was a mem ber of the State House of Representatives 1806-1811; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Twelfth Congress (in place of B. Gannett, re signed) as a Democrat, serving from June 3, 1812, to March 3, 1813 ; and died October 7, 1821. Carr, James, was born in that portion of Massa chusetts which afterwards became Maine; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1806- 1811; was elected a representative from Massachu setts in the Fourteenth Congress, serving from De cember 2, 1816, to March 3, 1817; and died at Bangor. Carr, John, settled at Charlcstown, Clarke Coun ty, Indiana; was elected a representative from Indi ana in the Twenty-second Congress as a Democrat, and was re-elected to the TAventy-third and Twenty- fourth Congresses, serving from December 5, 1831, to March 3, 1837; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Twenty-fifth Congress by William Graham, Whig; was again elected to the Twenty- sixth Congress, serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1841; and died at Charlestown, Indiana, January 20, 1845. Carrington, Edward, was born in Virginia, February 11, 1749; received an academic education: served in the Revolutionary army in the quarter STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 321 master s department; was a delegate from Virginia to the Continental Congress 1785-1780; was foreman of the jury before which Aaron Burr was tried for treason in 1807; and died at Richmond, Virginia, October 28, 1810. Carroll, Charles, was born at Annapolis, Mary land, September 20, 1737; received a classical educa tion at the College of St. Omer, in France; studied the civil law at the College of Louis-le-Grand at Rheims, and the common law at the Temple at Lon don; returned to Baltimore in 1764, and took an active part in the discussions which preceded the He volution; was a continental commissioner to Can ada early in 177(5, but failed to induce the Canadians to join the other provinces; was a delegate to the Constitutional Convention of Maryland ; was a dele gate from Maryland in the Continental Congress, serving from July 18, 1776 (signing on the 2d of August the Declaration of Independence, which had been adopted on the 4th inst.), until 1778, when lie resigned, to devote his whole time to his duties as a member of the State Senate ; was elected a senator from Maryland in the First Congress as a Federalist, serving his term of two years from March 4, 1789; was re-appointed, and resigned in 1792; was a mem ber of the State Senate of Maryland from 1791 un til 1801, when, on the defeat of the Federal party, lie retired into private life. He laid the corner-stone of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, July 4, 1828; and died at Baltimore November 14, 1832. Carroll, Charles H., was born in Maryland June 7, 1794; removed to the Genesee Valley, New York, with his father, when young ; received a clas sical education ; studied law with John C. Spencer, and was admitted to the bar, but never practised, devoting his time to the management of his large landed estates; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1836, and of the State Senate in 1837; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Henry Clay Whig, receiving 6,979 votes against 623 votes for Pills, Abolitionist, the Democrats making no oppo sition, and was re-elected to the Twenty-ninth Con gress, receiving 8,310 votes against 6,465 votes for Wadsworth, Democrat, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1847; was a presidential elector 011 the Fillmore and Donaldson ticket in 1856, and the Bell and Everett ticket in 1860; was a prominent Union man during the war for the suppression of the Rebellion; and died at Groveland, New York, June 8, 1865. Carroll, Daniel, was born in Prince George s County, Maryland, in 1756; received a classical edu cation ; engaged in agricultural pursuits on an estate now included within the limits of Washington City; was a delegate from Maryland to the Continental Congress 1780-1784; was a delegate to the Conven tion which framed the Federal Constitution; was elected a representative from Maryland in the First Congress as a Federalist, serving from March 4, 1789, to March 3, 1791 ; took an active part in securing the establishment of a seat of government ; was appoint ed by President Washington one of the commission ers to locate the District of Columbia and the Federal city in 1791; resided at " Duddington," his mansion- house, near the Capitol at Washington City, and died there in 1829. Carroll, James, was born at Baltimore, Mary land; received a thorough English education; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Twen ty-sixth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 8,018 votes against 7,632 votes for John P. Kennedy, Whig, serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1841. Carroll, John M., was born at Springfield, New York, April 27, 1825; received an academic educa tion ; graduated at Union College, Schencctady, New York, in 1846; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1848, and practised at Johnstown; was elected district-attorney of Fulton County in 1859, and held that oliice three years ; and was elected a representa tive from New York in the Forty-second Congress as a Democrat, receiving 14,828 votes against 13,390 votes for Marvin, Republican, and 2,286 votes for S. McKean, Independent. Carson, Samuel P., was born at Pleasant Gar den, North Carolina; was a member of the State Senate of North Carolina in 1822 and 1824; was elected a representative to the Nineteenth Congress, defeating the then representative, R. B. Vance, M.D. ; was re-elected to the Twentieth Congress, again de feating Dr. Vance (a duel ensued that fall at Saluda Gap, South Carolina, in which Dr. Vance received a mortal wound, of which he soon died) ; was re- elected to the Twenty-first Congress without opposi tion, and was re-elected to the Twenty-second Con gress without opposition, serving from December 5, 1825, until March 3, 1833 ; removed soon afterwards to Arkansas, where he died at the Hot Springs in November, 1840. Carter, John, was born on Black River, Sumter District, South Carolina, September 11, 1792; received a classical education, graduating at the South-Caro lina College in 1811; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Camden; was elected a representative from South Carolina in the Seventeenth Congress (in place of James Blair, re signed) ; was re-elected to the Eighteenth, Nine teenth, and Twentieth Congresses, serving from December 11, 1822, to March 3, 1827; declined a re election; resumed practice at Camden; removed in 1836 to Georgetown, District of Columbia, where he died June 20, 1850. Carter, Luther C., was born at Bethel, Maine, February 25, 1805 ; received an academic education ; removed to New York, where he engaged in mercan tile pursuits; was several years a member of the Board of Education of New- York City; retired from business, and removed to Long Island, where he became interested in agriculture ; was elected a rep resentative from New York in the Thirty-sixth Con gress as a Union Republican, receiving 8,122 votes against 7,339 votes for the Democratic candidate, and serving from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 1861; was defeated as the Republican candidate for the Thirty-seventh Congress, receiving 10,631 votes against 11,882 votes for E. Henry Smith, Democrat. Carter, Timothy J., was born in that portion of Massachusetts now Maine; received a classical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Paris, Maine; was secretary of the State Senate of Maine 1833; was county-attorney 1833-1837 ; was elected a representative from Maine in the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, serving from September 4, 1837, to his death at Washington City March 14, 1838. Carter, William B., was born in Tennessee in 1812 ; received a public-school education ; was in terested in agricultural and mercantile pursuits ; was several years a member of the State Senate and House of Representatives; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention of 1834, and its pre siding officer ; was elected a representative from Tennessee in the Twenty-fourth Congress as a Whig, defeating Anderson and Arnold ; was re- elected to the Twenty-fifth Congress, defeating T. J. Arnold, Democrat, and was re-elected to the Twenty- sixth Congress, defeating Powell, Democrat, serving from December 7, 1835, to March 3, 1841; died at Elizabethtown, Tennessee, April 17, 1848. Cartter, David K., was born in New York; re ceived a thorough English education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Masillon, Ohio; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirty-first Congress as a Democrat, receiving 5,774 votes against 3,477 votes for Brown, Whig, and was re-elected to the Thirty-second Con gress, receiving 6,682 votes against 4,448 votes for Hemphill, Whig, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1853; was appointed by President Lincoln minister to Bolivia, serving from March 27, 1861, to 322 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. March 10, 1862; was appointed in 1863 chief justice of the Supreme Court of the District of Columbia. Caruthers, Robert L., was born in Smith County, Tennessee, July 31, 1800; received a classical education, mainly through his own exertions, while clerk in a store; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1823, and commenced practice; was clerk of the State House of Representatives in 1824; was clerk of the Chancery Court of Smith County, and edited a newspaper there; removed to Wilson County in 1826; was State attorney 1827-1832; was a member of the Tennessee House of Representatives in 1835; was elected a presidential elector on the Clay and Frelinghuysen ticket in 1845, declining to be regarded as a candidate for governor; was elected a repre sentative from Tennessee in the Twenty-fourth Con gress as a Whig, receiving 1,214 majority, and serv ing from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1843; declined a re-election; was appointed judge of the Supreme Court of Tennessee in 1852; was a delegate from Tennessee to the Peace Convention of 1860. Caruthers, Samuel, was born in Madison County, Missouri, October 13, 1820 ; received a classical education, graduating at Clinton College, Tennessee; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Fredericktown, removing subsequently to Girardeau, Missouri; held several local offices ; was elected a representative from Mis souri in the Thirty-third Congress as a Whig, on a general ticket; was re-elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress, receiving 8,045 votes against 5,625 votes for Jones, Benton Democrat, and was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 8,291 votes against 4,883 votes for Ferryman, American, serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1859; and died at Cape Girardeau, Missouri, July 20, 1860. Gary, George B., was born near Petersburg, Virginia, in 1811; received a classical education; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Twenty- seventh Congress as a Democrat, serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1843; died at Bethlehem, Vir ginia, March 5, 1850. Gary, Samuel P., was born at Cincinnati, Ohio, February 18, 1814; graduated at the Miami University of Ohio, and afterwards at the Cincinnati Law School; practised law until 1845, when he engaged in agricultural pursuits; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Fortieth Congress as an Independ ent Republican, receiving 959 majority over Smith, Republican ; was prominent as a labor-reformer. Gary, Shepard, was born in Maine ; received a public-school education; was interested in agricul ture and mercantile pursuits; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1832, 1833, 1339, 1840, 1841, 1842, and 1843; was a presidential elector on the Van Buren and Johnson ticket in 1836; was elected a representative from Maine in the Twenty-eighth Congress, as a Democrat, serving from May 10, 1844, to March 3, 1845; died at Houl- ton, Maine. August 12, 1866. Case, Charles, was born at Austinburgh, Ohio, December 21, 1817; received an academic education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Fort Wayne, Indiana; was elected a rep resentative from Indiana in the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Republican (to fill a vacancy caused by the death of Samuel Brcnton), receiving 800 majority over J. L. Wcrden, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving 10,780 votes against 9,417 votes for Dawson, Democrat, serving from December 7, 1857, to March 3, 1861. Case, Walter, was born in Dutchess County, New York ; was elected a representative from New York in the Sixteenth Congress, serving from De cember 6, 1819, to March 3, 1821 ; died at Newburgh, New York. Casey, Joseph, was born in Maryland; received a liberal education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at New Berlin, Pennsylvania; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-first Congress as a Whig, receiving 7,341 votes against 7,118 votes for Petrckin, Democrat, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1851 ; was appointed by President Lincoln a judge of the Court of Claims in 1863. Casey, Levi, was an active partisan officer in South Carolina during the Revolutionary war; was elected brigadier-general of militia; was elected a representative in Congress from South Carolina to the Eighth Congress; and was re-elected to the Ninth Congress, serving from October 17, 1803, until his death, at Washington City, February 1, 1807. Casey, Samuel L., was born in Union County, Kentucky; received a good English education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Casey- ville ; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Thirty-seventh Congress, serving from March 10, 1862, to March 3, 1863. Casey, Zadoc, was born in Georgia in 1796; re moved to Illinois, where he founded the town of Cascyville ; was elected a representative from Illinois in the Twenty-third Congress as a Jackson Democrat ; was re-elected to the Twenty-fourth, Twenty-fifth, Twenty-sixth, and Twenty-seventh Congresses, serv ing from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1843; was elected lieutenant-governor of Illinois; was a dele gate to a State Constitutional Convention; and died at Caseyyille, Illinois, in 1862. Caskie, John S., was born at Richmond, Vir ginia; received a classical education, graduating at the University of Virginia; studied law ; was admit ted to the bar, and commenced practice at Richmond ; was appointed prosecuting attorney; was elected, when twenty-five years of age, by the legislature, judge of the Richmond and Ilenrico Circuit; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Thirty- second Congress as a Democrat, receiving 2,960 votes against 2,472 votes for John Minor Botts, Whig; was re-elected to the Thirty-third Congress, receiving 4,333 votes against 3,561 votes for Coleman, Whig; was re-elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress, receiv ing 5,951 votes against 5,446 votes for W. C. Scott, National American; was re-elected to the Thirty- fifth Congress, receiving 5,148 votes against 2,931 votes for Crane, National American, serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1859; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Thirty-sixth Con gress, receiving 5,481 votes against 5,581 votes for Daniel S. Dcjarnette, Independent Democrat; re sumed practice; and died at Richmond, Virginia, after a protracted illness, December 16, 1809. Cason, Thomas J., was born in Union County, Indiana, September 13, 1828; was educated at com mon schools, and by himself at home ; was raised on a farm; when seventeen years of age, commenced teaching school, and reading law; studied law with Governor Henry S. Lane and Judge Samuel C. Wil son of Crawf ordsville ; was licensed to practise in March, 1850 ; was admitted to the bar of the Supreme Court in May, 1852, and continued to practise at Lebanon, except when on the bench; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1861, 1862, 1863, and 1864, and of the State Senate in 1864, 1865, 1866, and 1867; was appointed by Governor Baker common-pleas judge in April, 1867, and served until October, when he was elected to the same office for a term of four years ; was elected a representative from Indiana in the Forty-third Congress as a Re publican, receiving 17,929 votes against 17,730 votes for M. D. Manson, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Congress as a Republican, receiving 13,188 votes against 12,754 votes for McClurg, Demo crat, serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1877. Cass, Lewis, was born at Exeter, New Hamp shire, October 9, 1782; received an academic educa tion ; crossed the Alleghany Mountains on foot, when seventeen years of age, to Ohio; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1802, and commenced practice at Zanesvillc; was a member of the Ohio House of STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 323 Representatives; was United-States marshal for the District of Ohio 1807-1813; was colonel of the Third Ohio Volunteers, which was a part of General Hull s army surrendered at Detroit August 16, 1812; was appointed colonel of the Twentieth United-States In fantry in February, 1813, and promoted to the rank of brigadier-general March 12, 1813; was governor of Michigan Territory 1813-1831; was appointed secretary of war by President Jackson, serving from 1831 to 1836; was minister to France from October 4, 1836, to November 12, 1842; was elected United-States senator from Michigan as a Democrat, serving from December 1, 1845, until he resigned, May 29, 1848; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for Presi dent in the fall of 1848; was subsequently elected to fill the vacancy occasioned by his own resignation, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1857; was secretary of state under President Buchanan from March 4, 1857, until he resigned, December 17, 1860; retired to Detroit, Michigan, where he died, June 17, 1866. Published " France, its King, Court, and Government," and several magazine articles on Indian affairs. Cassedy, George, was born in Bergen County, New Jersey, May 14, 1784; was elected a representa tive from New Jersey in the Seventeenth Congress, and was re-elected to the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Congresses, serving from December 3, 1821, to March 3, 1823 ; died at Hackensack, New Jersey. Casserly, Eugene, was born in Ireland in 1823 ; came with his parents, in 1827, to New-York City, where he resided until 1850; received there a classical education; was connected with the press for about five years ; was admitted to the highest courts of New York in 1845 ; practised law in New- York City until 1850, and was corporation-attorney there in 1846- 1847; went to California in 1850, and has since re sided in San Francisco; in 1850-1851 he published a daily paper there, and was State printer for one year, in 1851-1852; practised law from 1851 until Novem ber, 1868; was elected United-States senator from California as a Democrat, to succeed John Conness, Republican, and served from March 4, 1869, until November 29, 1873, when he resigned, and resumed practice at San Francisco. Caswell, Lucien B., was born at S wanton, Ver- mont, November 27, 1827 ; removed to Wisconsin in 1837; pursued a partial collegiate course; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1851, and practised at Fort Atkinson; was elected district-attorney in 1855 and 1856 ; was a member of the Legislative As sembly of Wisconsin in 1863, 1872, and 1874; was com missioner of the second district board of enrolment from September, 1863, to May 5, 1865 ; was a delegate to the Republican National Convention at Chicago in 1868 ; and was elected a representative from Wis consin in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Republican, receiving 11,676 votes against 11,459 votes for A. G. Cook, Democrat, and was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 15,073 votes against 14,745 votes for Orton, Democrat, serving from December 6, 1875. Caswell, Richard, was born in Maryland, Au gust 3, 1729; received a classical education; removed to Raleigh, North Carolina, in 1746, and was for several years a clerk at the State capitol, studying law in his leisure hours; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice ; was a member of the Colo nial House of Delegates 1754-1771, serving the two last years as speaker ; served in the Revolutionary army, commanding the right wing at the battle of Alla- mance in 1771 ; was a delegate from North Carolina to the Continental Congress 1774-1776; was delegate to the State Constitutional Convention, and its presi dent; was governor of North Carolina 1777-1780; commanded the North-Carolina troops at the battle of Camden 1780; was speaker of the Senate of North Carolina 1782-1784, performing the duties of comp troller-general at the same time; was again governor of North Carolina 1785-1788; was a delegate from North Carolina to the Convention which framed the Federal Constitution 1787; was again elected State senator in 1789, and, while presiding over that body, was struck with paralysis, of which he died ten days afterwards, November 5, 1789. Gate, George "W., was born in Montpclier, Ver mont, September 17, 1825; received a common-school education; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1845 at Montpelier; removed the same year to Wisconsin, and located at Plover; was elected a mem ber of the State legislature in 1852 and 1853; was elected judge of the Circuit Court in April, 1854, and held that position continuously until March 4, 1875, when he resigned upon being elected a representative from Wisconsin in the Forty-fourth Congress as an Independent Reformer, receiving 9,446 votes against 9,444 votes for A. S. McDill, Republican, and serving from December 6, 1875, to March 3, 1877. Cathcart, Charles W., was born on the Island of Madeira in 1809; received a good English educa tion; followed the sea in his boyhood; located at La Porte, Indiana, in 1831, and engaged in agricul tural pursuits, and was for several years a United- States land surveyor; was a member of the State House of Representatives; was chosen a presidential elector on the Polk and Dallas ticket in 1845 ; was elected a representative from Indiana in the Twenty- ninth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 6,302 votes against 5,959 votes for Sample, Whig; and was re- elected to the Thirtieth Congress, receiving 7,474 votes against 7,070 votes for Pratt, Whig, serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1849; was ap pointed United-States senator from Indiana in place of James Whitcomb, deceased, serving from Decem ber 6, 1852, to March 3, 1853 ; engaged in agricultural pursuits. Catlin, George S., was born at Harwinton, Connecticut, August 7, 1809; received an academic education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1830, and commenced practice at Windham, Connecti cut ; was several years a member of the State legis lature; was State attorney for Windham County; was elected a representative from Connecticut in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 6,253 votes against 6,011 votes for the Whig candi date, and serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1845; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Twenty-ninth Congress, receiving 5,391 votes against 5,734 votes for Rockwell, Whig, and 784 votes for Wilson, Abolitionist ; was judge of the Windham- county Court; died at Windham, Connecticut, De cember 26, 1851. Cattell, Alexander G., was born at Salem, New Jersey, February 12, 1816; received a public- school education; was a clerk in his father s store, and afterwards a merchant and a banker in Philadel phia; was a member of the State legislative of New Jersey in 1840; was clerk of the General Assembly of New Jersey from 1842 to 1844 ; was a member of the State Constitutional Convention of New Jersey in 1844; was elected United-States senator from New Jersey as a Republican in the place of John P. Stockton, Democrat, who had been unseated, and served from December 3, 1866, to March 3, 1871. Caulfleld, Bernard G., was born at Alexandria, Virginia, October 18, 1828 ; received a classical educa tion, graduating at the Georgetown College, District of Columbia, in 1848, and at the law department of the University of Pennsylvania in 1850; was admitted to the bar in 1850, and removed in 1853 to Chicago, where he practised law; was elected a representative from Illinois in the Forty-third Congress (to fill the vacancy caused by the death of John B. Rice), and took his seat February 1, 1875; and had previously been elected to the Forty-fourth Congress as a Demo crat, receiving 10,211 votes against 9,803 votes for Sidney Smith, Republican, serving until March 3, 1877. Causin, John M. S., was born in Maryland in 1811; received a classical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at 324 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Leonardtown; was several years a member of the State House of Representatives ; was elected a repre sentative from Maryland in the Twenty-eighth Con gress as a Whig, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1845; was a presidential elector on the Taylor and Fillmore ticket in 1848; died at Cairo, Illinois, January 30, 1861. Cavanaugh, James M., was born in Spring field, Massachusetts, July 4, 1823; received an aca demic education; became a newspaper editor; studied and practised law; settled in Minnesota in 1854, and represented that State in the Thirty-fifth Congress ; removed to Colorado in 1801, and engaged in the practice of his profession and mining; was a mem ber of the Convention that framed the Constitution of the State of Colorado ; went to Montana in I860, and was elected delegate from Montana in the Forti eth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 0,004 votes against 4,890 votes for Sanders, Republican, and was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress, serving from March 4, 1807, to March 3, 1871. Cessna, John, was born in Bedford County, Pennsylvania, June 29, 1821 ; graduated at Marshall College, Merccrsburg, in 1842; was a tutor in that institution for a short time, after which he studied law, and came to the bar in 1845 ; was a member of the State legislature in 1850, 1851, 1802, and 1803, serving as speaker of the House in 1851 and 1803; was a delegate to the Cincinnati Convention of 1850, to the Charleston and Baltimore Conventions of 1800, and to the Chicago Convention of 1808; in 1805 he was chosen chairman of the Republican State Convention, and, on motion of Hon. Thad- deus Stevens, was elected chairman of the Repub lican State Central Committee of 1805 ; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Forty- first Congress as a Republican, receiving 13,053 votes against 13,509 votes for Kimmcll, Democrat, and serving from March 4, 1809, to March 3, 1871 ; was defeated as the Republican candidate for the Forty-second Congress, receiving 12,844 votes against 12,859 votes for Benjamin F. Myers, Democrat; was again elected to the Forty-third Congress, receiving 14,383 votes against 13,007 votes for Benjamin F. Myers, Democrat, and serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1875; was appointed by President Grant in 1875 assistant attorney-general, but de clined. Chaffee, Calvin C., was born at Saratoga, New York, August 28, 1811 ; received an academic educa tion; studied medicine, graduating with the degree of M.D. from the Medical School of Micldlebury College; located at Springfield, Massachusetts, and practised there; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Thirty-fourth Congress as a Know-Nothing, and was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving 10,902 votes against 4,107 votes for Fowler, Democrat, serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1859; was librarian of the House of Representatives 1859-1801; was a claim-agent at Washington City 1801-1870. Chaffee, Jerome B., was born in Niagara County, New York, April 17, 1825; received an aca demic education; is a banker and a miner; was elected in 1801, 1802, and 1803 to the legislature of Colorado, and served the last year as speaker of the House; was elected by the State legislature of the proposed State of Colorado in 1805 as one of the United-States senators ; was elected to the Forty- second Congress as a Republican, receiving a majori ty of over 1,300 votes over G. W. Miller, Democrat, and was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress, re ceiving 7,590 votes against 0,260 votes for A. C. Hunt, Liberal Republican, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1875; was elected United-States senator, on the admission of Colorado as a State, as a Republican, and took his seat December 4, 1870. Chalmers, Joseph W., removed to Holly Springs, Mississippi, and practised law there; was appointed United-States senator from Mississippi in place of Robert J. Walker (Jacob Thompson having declined the appointment), and was siibscquently elected for the vacant term, serving from December 7, 1845, to March 3, 1847; resumed practice in part nership with Robert Barton. Chamberlain, Ebenezer M., was born at Orrington, Maine, August 20, 1805; received a public- school education ; worked in a ship-yard ; studied law with Elisha H. Allen at Bangor, resorting to school- teaching to meet his expenses; removed in 1832 to Connersville, Indiana, where he completed his legal studies; was admitted to the bar in August, 1833, and commenced practice in Elkhart County; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1835 and 1837; was elected a representative from Illinois in the Thirty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 0,875 votes against 5,900 votes for Samuel Brcnton, Whig, and serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for re-election, receiving 5,881 votes against 7,485 votes for Samuel Brcnton, Republican, and resumed practice at Goshen. Chamberlain, Jacob P., was born in Massachu setts ; received a public-school education ; removed to Seneca Falls, New York; filled several local positions; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-seventh Congress as a Republican, receiving 11,581 votes against 8,153 votes for Lewis, Democrat, and serving from July 4, 1801, to March 3, 1863. Chamberlain, John C., was born in 1772; re ceived a classical education, graduating at Harvard College in 1793; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Alstead, New Hamp shire ; was elected a representative from New Hamp shire in the Eleventh Congress as a Federalist, serv ing from May 22, 1809, to March 3, 1811; and died at Utica, New York, December 8, 1834. Chamberlain, William, was born in the State of Vermont; received a classical education; studied law; .was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice; was a State councillor 1790-1803; was chosen a presidential elector in 1801 ; was chief justice of the State Court of Common Pleas 1801-1803 ; was elected a representative from Vermont in the Eighth Congress, serving from October 17, 1803, to March 3, 1805 ; was defeated as a candidate for the Ninth and Tenth Congresses by James Fisk; was again elected to the Eleventh Congress, receiving 169 majority over James Fisk, and serving from May 22, 1809, to March 3, 1811; was defeated as a candidate for the Twelfth Congress by James Fisk; was lieutenant-governor of Vermont 1813-1815. Chambers, David, was born at AllentoAvn, Pennsylvania, March 17, 1780; was educated in the academy taught by his father; served in the Whiskey- insurrection campaign as a confidential express- rider for President Washington; learned the art of printing in the office of " The Philadelphia Aurora; " passed sixteen years on a farm in Virginia; estab lished a newspaper at Zanesville, Ohio, and was elected State printer; when the seat of government of Ohio was removed to Columbus, he was chosen secretary of the Senate; served in the war of 1812 as a volunteer aide-de-camp to General Cass; was elected recorder, and afterwards mayor, of Zanesville ; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Seven teenth Congress, serving from December 3, 1821, to March 3, 1823 ; was for several years a member of the State House of Representatives, serving in 1844 as speaker; was a delegate to the State Constitutional onvention of 1851; and died at Zanesville, Ohio, August 8, 1864. Chambers, Ezekiel F., was born in Kent ounty, Maryland, February 28, 1788; received a classical education, graduating at Washington Col- ege in 1805; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in 1808 ; served in the war of 1812, attaining the rank of brigadier-general; was a member of the State Senate in 1822; was ilected United-States senator from Maryland as a STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 325 Whig (in the place of Edward Lloyd, resigned) ; took his seat February 22, 1826, serving till 1834, when he resigned; was appointed presiding judge of the sec ond judicial circuit of Maryland in 1834, and occu pied the position until 1851, when, by a change of con stitution, the judiciary of Maryland became elective; was offered the position of secretary of the navy by President Fillraore in 1852, but declined on account of feeble health; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for governor of Maryland in 1864; and died at Chestertown, Maryland, January 30, 1867. Chambers, George, was born at Chambers- burg (founded by his grandfather), Pennsylvania, February 24, 1786; received a classical education, graduating at Princeton College in 1804; studied law with Judge Duncan at Carlisle ; was admitted to the bar in 1807, and commenced practice at Chambers- burg; was elected a representative from Pennsylva nia in the Twenty-third Congress as a Whig, and was re-elected to the Twenty-fourth Congress, serv ing from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1837; was a member of the State Constitutional Convention of Pennsylvania in 1837; was appointed a justice of the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania April 12, 1851, and occupied that position until it was vacated by con stitutional provision; died March 25, 1866. He wrote a history of the Cumberland Valley, the manuscript of which was destroyed when the Confederate troops burned his house during their invasion of Pennsylvania. Chambers, Henry, studied medicine, and prac tised at Madison, Alabama; was elected United- States senator, serving from December 5, 1825, until his death, January 25, 1826. Chambers, John, was born in New Jersey, December 4, 1779; received a public-school education; removed to Kentucky with his father in 1792 ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar in 1800 ; served in the war of 1812 as aide-de-camp to General Harrison, and was at the battle of the Thames ; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Twentieth Con gress (in place of Thomas Metcalfe, resigned) as a Whig, receiving 337 majority, and serving from De cember 1, 1828, to March 3, 1829; was again elected to the Twenty-fourth Congress as a Whig, receiving 1,255 majority over Tanner, Democrat, and was re- elected to the Twenty-fifth Congress, serving from December 7, 1835, to March 3, iS39; was governor of Hie Territory of Iowa 1841-1846; Avas a commis sioner to negotiate a treaty with the Sioux Indians 1849; and died near Paris, Kentucky, September 21, 1852. Champion, Epaphroditus, was born at East Iladdam, Connecticut, February 1, 1752; received a public-school education; was elected a representative from Connecticut in the Tenth Congress as a Feder alist; was re-elected to the Eleventh, Twelfth, Thir teenth, and Fourteenth Congresses, serving from October 20, 1807, to March 3, 1817; and died at East Haddam, Connecticut, November 22, 1835. Champlin, Christopher Grant, was born at Newport, Rhode Island, April 12, 1768; received a classical education, graduating at Harvard College in 1786; completed his studies at the College of St. Omcr, in France; was elected a representative from llhode Island in the Fifth Congress, and was re- elected to the Sixth Congress, sen-ing from May 15, 1797, to March 3, 1801 ; was elected United-States senator from Rhode Island (in place of Francis Mai- bone, deceased); took his seat January 12, 1810, serving until 1811, when he resigned; was for many years president of the Rhode-Island Bank, and occu pied that position when he died, at Newport, Rhode Island, March 18, 1840. Chandler, John (brother of Thomas Chandler, and uncle of Zachariah Chandler), was born at Ep- ping, New Hampshire; received a liberal education; served in the Revolutionary war; removed to that part of Massachusetts which afterwards became the State of Maine, and settled on a farm at Monmouth ; was a member of the State Senate 1803-1805; was elected a representative from a Maine district of Massachu setts in the Ninth Congress as a Democrat, and was re-elected to the Tenth Congress, serving from December 2, 1805, to March 3, 1809; was elected United-States senator from Maine on the admission of that State, and was re-elected, serving from No vember 13, 1820, to March 3, 1829; was collector of customs at Portland 1829-1837; and died at Augusta, Maine, September, 1841. Chandler, Joseph B., was born at Kingston, Massachusetts, in 1792 ; received a liberal education ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Philadelphia; edited "The United-States Gazette;" was grand master of the Free Masons of Pennsylvania; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-first Congress as a Whig, receiving 6,656 votes against 3,874 votes for Van Dyke, Democrat ; was re-elected to the Thirty-second Congress, receiving 5,912 votes against 3,714 votes for Martin, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Thirty-third Congress, receiving 6,994 votes against 3,556 votes for Hamlin, Democrat, serving from De cember 3, 1849, to March 3, 1855 ; advocated the elec tion of President Buchanan, and was appointed by him minister to the Two Sicilies, serving from June 15, 1858, to November 15, 1860; edited "The Phila delphia North- American ;" and died at Philadelphia. He published a "Grammar of the English Lan guage," and several addresses delivered at Masonic and literary assemblages. Chandler, Thomas (brother of John Chandler, and uncle of Zachariah Chandler), was born at Bed ford, New Hampshire, August 10, 1772; received a public-school education ; was by occupation a fanner, and a teacher of sacred music ; w r as a justice of the peace and of the quorum in 1808; was a captain of militia in 1815; was a member of the State legisla ture in 1818, and again in 1827 ; was elected a repre sentative from New Hampshire in the Twenty-first Congress as a Democrat, on general ticket, and was re-elected to the Twenty-second Congress, serving from December 7, 1829, to March 3, 1833 ; and died at Bedford, New Hampshire, January 28, 1866. Chandler, Zachariah, was born at Bedford, New Hampshire, December 10, 1813; received an academic education; removed to Michigan, and en gaged in mercantile pursuits; w r as mayor of Detroit in 1851; was elected in 1857 United-States senator from Michigan as a Republican to succeed Lewis Cass, Democrat; was re-elected in 1863, and was again re-elected in 1869, serving from March 4, 1857, to March 3, 1875; was defeated as a candidate for the Republican nomination by I. P. Christiancy ; was appointed by President Grant secretary of the interior, serving from October 19, 1875, to March 3, 1877; was chairman of the National Republican Executive Committee in the presidential campaigns of 1868 and 1876. Chaney, John, was born in Maryland in 1801; received a public-school education; removed to Ohio; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Twenty- third Congress as a Jackson Democrat, defeating W. W. Irvin, Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-fourth and Twenty-fifth Congresses, serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1839; died at Courtwright, Ohio. Chanler, John Winthrop, was born in New- York City in 1826 ; graduated from Columbia College, New York, irt 1847 ; studied and practised law ; was elected member of the New- York State Assembly from the tenth district of New- York City for 1858 and 1859 ; was nominated State senator from the fifth district in 1860, but declined ; was nominated repre sentative to the Thirty-seventh Congress from the sixth district of New York, but was defeated ; w r as elected representative from the seventh district of New York in the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Demo crat, receiving 9,326 votes against 2,937 votes for Burr, Union Republican; was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiving 11,513 votes against 326 CONGRESSIONAL DIEECTOEY. 5,003 votes for W. Eoardman, Union Republican, and was re-olected to the Fortieth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 11,503 votes against 0,743 votes for G. F. Steinbrcnner, Republican, serving from December 7, 1803, to March 3, 1809 ; and died sud denly at his residence near Rhinebeck, New York, October 19, 1877. Chapin, Chester W., was born at Ludlow, Massachusetts, December 10, 1798; received a public- school education; was engaged for five years in mer cantile pursuits; was a mail-contractor, running post-coaches and steamboats ; was a member of the Constitutional Convention of Massachusetts, in 1853; is a farmer, manufacturer, banker, and president of the Boston and Albany Railroad Company; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 11,904 votes against 0,227 votes for Henry Alexander, jun., Republican, and serving from December 0, 1875, to March 3, 1877; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 9,7CO votes against 11,922 votes for G. D. Robinson, Repub lican. Chapin, Graham H., was born in Connecticut in 17U9; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1817; removed to Rochester, New York; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, serv ing from December 7, 1830, to March 3, 1837; died at Mount Morris, New York, September 8, 1843. Chapman, Augustus A., was born in Vir ginia in 1810; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Van Buren Democrat, receiving 1,200 majority over Watts, Whig, and was re-elected to the Twenty-ninth Con gress, sen-ing from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1847 ; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Thirtieth Congress, receiving 3,443 votes against W. B. Preston, Whig. Chapman, Bird B., was born in Connecticut; received a public-school education; removed to Omaha, Nebraska; was elected a delegate from Ne braska Territory in the Thirty-fourth Congress, his seat being unsuccessfully contested by Hiram P. Bennett, serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1857. Chapman, Charles, was born at Newtown, Connecticut, June 21, 1799; received an academical education ; studied law at the Litchfield Law School ; was admitted to the bar in 1827, and commenced practice at New Haven in 1827 ; removed to Hartford in 1828, and succeeded John D. Prentice and John G. Whittier as editor of "The New-England Re view;" was three times successively elected as a Whig to the State legislature ; was United-States dis trict-attorney 1841-1848; was defeated as the Whig candidate to the Thirty-first Congress, receiving 7,327 votes against 7,444 votes for Loren P. Waldo, Democrat; was elected a representative from Con necticut in the Thirty-second Congress, receiving 7,895 votes against 7,749 votes for Waldo, and 423 votes for Cowles, Free Soil, and serving from Decem ber 1, 1851, to March 3, 1853; was defeated as the Temperance candidate for governor of Connecticut in 1854, receiving 10,072 votes, thereby throwing the election into the legislature, and electing the Whig candidate, although Judge Ingham, the Democratic candidate, received the largest proportion which fell to any one of the three candidates, and nearly a ma jority of the popular vote. When the Republican party was formed, he identified himself with the Democracy, and was sent to the legislature three times by that party. He was regarded as the best criminal lawyer in Connecticut ; and he died at Hart ford, Connecticut, August 7, 1809. Chapman, Henry, was born in Bucks County, Pennsylvania, January 10, 1805; received a thorough English education ; studied law with his father ; was admitted to the bar in 1820, and commenced practice at Doylestown; was a member of the State Senate 1843-1845; was president judge of the fifteenth judi cial district of Pennsylvania; was elected a repre sentative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-fifth Con gress as a Democrat, receiving 1Q,321 votes against 8,789 votes for Bradshaw, Union Republican, and serving from December 7, 1857, to March 3, 1859 ; was elected president judge of the seventh judicial dis trict of Pennsylvania in 1801. Chapman, John, was born in Pennsylvania, and was elected a representative from that State in the Fifth Congress, serving from May 15, 1797, to March 3, 1799. Chapman, John G., was born in Charles Coun ty, Maryland, July 5, 1798; received a classical edu cation, partly at Yale College, but did not gradu ate, on account of his health; studied law with Samuel Riddle at Bedford, Pennsylvania, and after wards with William Wirt; was admitted to the bar in 1820, and commenced practice ; was a member of the State House of Representatives of Maryland 1824-1839, 1843, and 1844, and of the State Senate in 1840 ; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Twenty-ninth Congress as a Whig, and was re- elected to the Thirtieth Congress without opposition, serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1849; was president of the Constitutional Convention of Maryland in 1851; was president of the National Whig Convention at Baltimore in 1850 which nomi nated Fillmore and Donaldson; died at Port Tobac co, Maryland, December 10, 1850. Chapman, Reuben, was born in Virginia in 1800; received an academic education; removed to Alabama, and settled at Somerville, Morgan County; was elected a representative from Alabama in the Twenty-fourth Congress as a Democrat without op position; was re-elected to the Twenty-fifth, Twenty- sixth, Twenty-seventh, Twenty-eighth, and Twenty- ninth Congresses without opposition, serving from December 7, 1835, to March 3, 1847 ; was governor of Alabama 1847-1849. Chapman, William W\, was one of the first immigrants into Iowa, settling at Burlington; was elected the first delegate from Iowa, taking his seat in the Twenty-fifth Congress, and was re-elected to the Twenty-sixth Congress, serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1841. Chappell, Absalom H.,was born in Georgia; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Macon ; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Twenty-eighth Congress (in the place of John B. Lamar, resigned) as a State-rights Whig, receiv ing 37,505 votes against 34,721 votes for Herschel V. Johnson, Democrat, and serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1845. Chappell, John Joel, was born on Little River, in Fairlield District, South Carolina, January 19, 1782; his parents removed, when he was an infant, to Richland District, where they afterward resided ; received an academic education; studied law four years under Thomas Henry Egan ; was admitted to the bar in 1805, and commenced practice at Columbia; held the commission of colonel during the war of 1812, but his regiment saw no active service ; was elected a representative from South Carolina in the Thir teenth Congress as a State-rights War Democrat, and was re-elected to the Fourteenth Congress, serv ing from May 24, 1813, to March 3, 1817; was defeated as a candidate for the Fifteenth Congress because he had voted for the bill which gave congressmen a yearly salary of fifteen hundred dollars, instead of a per diem allowance; was defeated as a candidate for the Sixteenth Congress; was defeated as a candidate for secretary of state of South Carolina; resumed the practice of law, and practised until 1849; was a director in the Columbia branch of the State Ban 1 of South Carolina 1830-1858; removed to Alabama,, where he became a cotton-planter; and died on his plantation in Lowndes County, May 23, 1871. Charlton, Robert M., was born at Savannah, Georgia, January 19, 1807; received a liberal educa- STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 327 tion ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar in 1827, and commenced practice at Savannah ; was a mem ber of the State House of Representatives ; was United-States district-attorney; was elected a judge of the Superior Court in 1835; resigned to devote himself to his profession; was appointed a senator from Georgia (in place of J. McPherson Berrien, re signed), serving from June 11, 1852, to March 3, 1853; was mayor of Savannah; and died at Savannah, Georgia, January 8, 1854. Published a volume of poems in 1839, and "Leaves from the Portfolio of a Georgia Lawyer," with a number of historical and literary addresses ; and he was a regular contributor to " The Knickerbocker Magazine." Chase [or Chace], Dudley (uncle of Salmon P. Chase), was born at Cornish, New Hampshire, De cember 30, 1771 ; received a classical education, graduating at Dartmouth College in 1791; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice at Randolph, Vermont ; was State attorney for Orange County 1803-1811; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Conventions of 1814 and of 1822; was a member of the State House of Repre sentatives for several years, and speaker 1813-1817 ; was elected United-States senator from Vermont in the place of Stephen R. Bradley, serving from May 24, 1813, until he resigned in 1817; was chief jus tice of the Supreme Court of Vermont 1817-1821 ; was again elected United-States senator (in the place of William A. Palmer), serving from December 5, 1825, to March 3, 1831 ; and died at Randolph, Ver mont, February 23, 1846. Chase, George W., was born at Schenevus, New York ; was defeated as the Whig candidate for the Thirty-third Congress, receiving 7,608 votes against 7,664 votes for Snow, Democrat; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-third Congress as a Whig, receiving 9,550 votes against 8,034 votes for Gordon, Democrat, and serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855; died at Mary land, New York, May 1, 1867. Chase, Jeremiah T., was born in Maryland, and was a delegate from that State to the Conti nental Congress 1783-1784. Chase, Lucien B., was born in Vermont Au gust 9, 1817; removed to Tennessee, and located at Clarksville; was elected a representative from Ten nessee in the Twenty-ninth Congress as a Democrat, and was re-elected to the Thirtieth Congress, serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1849; declined a re-election; died December 14, 1864. Published a "History of the Polk Administration." Chase, Salmon Portland, was born at Cornish, New Hampshire, January 13, 1808; studied a year at Cincinnati College, Ohio, of which his uncle, Bishop Chase, was president; entered the junior class at Dartmouth College, and graduated in 1826; studied law at Washington with William Wirt, supporting himself by teaching school, and was admitted to the bar in 1829; commenced practice at Cincinnati in 1830; compiled an edition of the statutes of Ohio, and wrote upon biographical, historical, and scien tific subjects for periodicals and newspapers; became a prominent defender of persons tried for violating the Fugitive-slave Act in 1837; a school-examiner of Cincinnati in 1839 ; was elected as a Whig to the Cin cinnati city council in 1840; advocated the election of Harrison and Tyler in 1840; identified himself in 1841 with the Liberty party, and was a participant in its national conventions, at Buffalo in 1843, and at Cincinnati in 1847 ; was a member of the National Free-soil Convention at Buffalo in 1848 which nom inated Van Buren; was elected a United-States sena tor (by a coalition under which the Free-Soilers gave all the State offices to the Democrats in considera tion for their electing him senator), and served from March 4, 1849, to March 4, 1855; was elected gov ernor of Ohio in 1855 as a Free-soil Democrat, and re-elected as a Republican in 1857; was a member of the National Peace Convention in 1868; received some votes for candidate for President at the Repub lican National Convention of 1860; was again elected United-States senator in 1860; took his seat March 4, 1861, and resigned the next day to become secretary of the treasury under President Lincoln, which posi tion he held until he resigned in September, 1864; was appointed chief justice of the Supreme Court Decem ber 6, 1864; presided at the impeachment trial of President Johnson in 1866; was prominently before the Democratic National Convention of 1868; died at New York, after a paralytic shock, May 7, 1873. Chase, Samuel, was born in Somerset County, Maryland, April 17, 1771; received a thorough Eng lish education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1761, and commenced practice at Annapolis; was a member of the General Assembly of Maryland 1764- 1784; was elected a delegate from Maryland to the Continental Congress in 1774, and re-elected in 1776 ; was sent on a special mission to Canada in 1774, with Charles Carroll and John Carroll, to induce the Canadians to join in the revolution against Great Britain; was a signer of the Declaration of Inde pendence ; went to England in 1782 as agent of the State of Maryland, to recover the stock in the Bank of England which it had purchased when a British colony; removed to Baltimore in 1786; was appointed judge of the General Court of Maryland in 1791, and judge of the Baltimore Criminal Court in 1793; was appointed by President Washington a justice of the Supreme Court in 1796 ; was impeached in 1804, through the exertions of John Randolph, on charges of malfeasance in office several years previous ; was tried by the Senate in 1805, and acquitted of all the charges; remained on the bench of the Supreme Court until he died, June 19, 1811. Chase, Samuel, was born at Cooperstown, New York, and was elected a representative from that State in the Twentieth Congress as an Adams Demo crat, serving from December 3, 1827, to March 3, 1829. Chastain, Edward W., was born in South Carolina; removed to Tacoah, Georgia; held several local offices ; was elected a representative from Geor gia in the Thirty-second Congress as a Union Demo crat, receiving 7,481 votes against 5,904 votes for Stiles, State Rights ; and was re-elected to the Thirty- third Congress, receiving 8,118 votes against 7,871 votes for Tomlinson, State-rights Democrat, serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1855. Chaves, J. Francisco, was born at Padillers, New Mexico, June 27, 1833; received a liberal edu cation at St. Louis, Missouri; studied medicine at the New-York College of Physicians and Surgeons; engaged in mercantile and agricultural pursuits in New Mexico ; entered the Union army as major of the First New-Mexico Infantry; after seeing much active service on the frontier, and participating in several battles, he was promoted to the rank of lieutenant-colonel, and was mustered out, at his own request, in 1864; was elected a representative from New Mexico in the Thirty-ninth Congress as a Re publican, and was re-elected to the Fortieth and Forty-first Congresses, receiving at the last election 2,200 majority over Romero, Democrat, and serving from December 4, 1865, to March 3, 1871. Cheatham, Richard, was born at Springfield, Tennessee, and was elected a representative from that State in the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Whig, receiving 123 majority over Cave Johnson, Van Bureii Democrat, and serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1839; was defeated as the Whig candidate for the Twenty-sixth Congress by Cave Johnson, Democrat, who received 1,057 majority. Chestnut, James, jun., was born near Cam- den, South Carolina, in 1815; received a classical education, graduating at Princeton College; was a member of the State House of Representatives of South Carolina 1842-1852, and of the State Senate 1854-1858; was appointed to the United-States Senate as a State-rights Democrat (in the place of J. J. 328 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Evans, deceased), and was subsequently elected, serving from January 5, 1859, until he resigned, November 10, 18(30, and was expelled July 11, 1861; was appointed a delegate from South Carolina to the Confederate Provisional Congress January 4, 1861; was appointed colonel in the Confederate army, and given a position as aide-de-camp on the staff of Jef ferson Davis in 1861 ; was appointed brigadier-general in 1864, and assigned to the command of a brigade 011 the coast of South Carolina; was a member of the National Democratic Convention of 1868 which nominated Seymour and Blair. Chetwood, W^illiam, was born at Elizabeth- town, New Jersey, in 1769; received a classical edu cation, graduating at Princeton College in 1792; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1798, and commenced practice; was a member of the State Council of New Jersey; was elected a representa tive from New Jersey in the Twenty-fourth Con gress (in place of Philemon Dickerson, resigned), serving from December 5, 1836, to March 3, 1837; resumed practice; and died at Elizabethtown, New Jersey, December 18, 1857. Cheves, Langdon, was born on Eocky Eiver, Abbeville District, South Carolina, September 17, 1776; received a scanty education; was taken by his father to Charleston in 1786, and placed in a store as clerk; commenced the study of law in 1794 with William Marshall ; was admitted to the bar in 1797, and practised at Charleston; was a member of the General Assembly in 1808, and State attorney-general the same year; was elected a representative from South Carolina in the Eleventh Congress (in place of Robert Marion, resigned); was re-elected to the Twelfth Congress, and re-elected over John Rut- ledge to the Thirteenth Congress, presiding during the second session as speaker, and serving from Jan uary 24, 1811, to March 3, 1815; declining a re election, he resumed practice, but was elected law judge in December, 1816; he was elected March 6, 1819, president of the Bank of the United States; was chief commissioner of claims under the treaty of Ghent; practised at Philadelphia, and then at Lancaster, but returned to South Carolina in 1830, and engaged in agricultural pursuits ; was a delegate to the Southern Convention at Nashville in 1850, and of the Southern Convention at Columbia in 1852; and died at Columbia, South Carolina, June 26, 1852. _ Chilcott, George M., was born in Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania, in 1828; received a common- school education ; was a farmer and stock-raiser, and by profession a lawyer, having been admitted to practice in 1863; removed to Iowa in 1844; was elected sheriff of Jefferson County in 1853; moved to Nebraska in 1856, and was elected the same year to the territorial legislature; moved to Colorado in 1859; served in the legislature of Colorado during the first two sessions of that body in 1861 and 1862 ; was appointed register of the United-States land office for the Colorado district in 1863, and served four years; was elected a representative in Congress under the State organization in 1865, but was not admitted; and was elected a delegate from Colorado to the Fortieth Congress as a Republican, receiving 3,529 votes against 3,421 votes for Hunt, serving from March 4, 1867, to March 3, 1869. Childs, Thomas, jun., was born at New- York City; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-fourth Congress as an American Whig, receiving 6,557 votes against 5,094 votes for Kennedy, Democrat, but never took his seat, owing to pro longed illness. Childs, Timothy, was born at Pittsfield, Mas sachusetts ; removed to Rochester, New York ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1828; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-first Congress as a Whig, serving from December 7, 1829, to March 3, 1831 ; was again elected to the Twenty-fourth Congress, and was re-elected to the Twenty-fifth Congress, serving from December 7, 1835, to March 3, 1839; was again elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress, serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1843; died at Santa Cruz Novem ber 8, 1847. Chilton, Samuel, was born at Warrenton, Vir ginia, September 7, 1804; received a thorough English education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Warrenton; was several years a member of the State House of Representatives ; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Twenty- eighth Congress as a Whig, receiving 1,581 votes against 1,303 votes for William Smith, Democrat, and serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1845 ; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Con vention ; and died at Warrenton, Virginia, January 14, 1867. Chilton, Thomas, was born at Elizabethtown, Kentucky ; received a liberal education ; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Twentieth Congress, serving from December 3, 1827, to March 3, 1839 ; was again elected to the Twenty-third Con gress, serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1835. Chinn, Joseph W., was born at Nuttsville, Virginia ; was a member of the State House of Rep resentatives ; was elected a representative from Vir ginia in the Twenty-second Congress as a Democrat, receiving 76 majority over John Taliaferro, Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-third Congress, defeat ing John Taliaferro, Whig, serving from December 5, 1831, to March 3, 1835; was defeated as the Whig candidate for the Twenty-fourth Congress by John Taliaferro, Whig, who received 171 majority; and died at Richmond, Virginia, December 5, 1840. Chinn, Thomas W\, was born in Kentucky; removed to Baton Rouge, Louisiana; held several local offices; was elected a representative from Lou isiana in the Twenty-sixth Congress as a Whig, serv ing from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1841; was appointed by President Taylor minister to the Two Sicilies, serving from June 5, 1849, until he resigned in October, 1849. Chipman, Daniel, was born at Salisbury, Con necticut, in 1765 ; received a classical education, graduating at Dartmouth College in 1788; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice at Ripton, Vermont; was several years a mem ber of the State House of Representatives, serving as speaker four years; was elected a representative from Vermont in the Fourteenth Congress as a Fed eralist, serving from December 4, 1815, to March 3, 1817; died at "Ripton, Vermont, April 23, 1850. He published a work on " Law Contracts for the Sale of Specific Articles," and a volume of the "Decisions of the Supreme Court of Vermont." Chipman, John S., was born in Vermont; re ceived a classical education, graduating at Middlebury College in 1823; removed to Centreville, Michigan; held several local offices; was elected a representa tive from Michigan in the Twenty-ninth Congress as a Democrat, and serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1847 ; removed to California. Chipman, Nathaniel, was born at Salisbury, Connecticut, November 15, 1752; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1777 ; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice at Tinmouth, Vermont; was law-professor at Middlebury College for many years; was elected a judge of the State Supreme Court in 1786, and was chosen chief justice in 1789; was appointed judge of the United-States District Court in 1791, serving until 1794, when he was again elected chief justice of the State Supreme Court; was elected United- States senator from Vermont in place of Isaac Tichenor, resigned, serving from November 22, 1797, until March 3, 1803; died at Tinmouth, Vermont, February 13, 1843. He published in 1793 " Sketches of the Principles of Government," and "Reports and Dissertations." STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 329 Chipman, Norton P., was born at Mil ford Centre, Ohio, March 7, 18:34; attended the public schools of different counties of Ohio, in which his parents successively resided; removed to Iowa in 1845; entered Washington College, Iowa, and after wards attended the law-school at Cincinnati; re turned to Washington, Iowa, and commenced the practice of law; entered the Union army as private, and was enrolled as second lieutenant in the Second Iowa Infantry, the first three-years regiment sent from that State; was adjutant and major of that regiment ; was appointed colonel and additional aide- de-camp in the regular army, and at the close of the war was brevetted brigadier-general ; settled at Wash ington City, where he had previously been on duty for two years ; was appointed secretary of the Terri torial Government of the District of Columbia at its organization ; was elected a delegate from the District of Columbia in the Forty-second Congress as a Repub lican, receiving 15,190 votes against 11,104 votes for E. T. Merrick, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress, receiving 12,443 votes against 7,042 votes for L. G. Hine, Democrat; removed to California, and entered into the lumber-business. Chittenden, Martin, was born at Salisbury, Connecticut, March 12, 1769; removed with his par ents to Williston, Vermont, in 1776; received a clas sical education, graduating at Dartmouth College in 1789; commenced the study of law, but, his health failing, he became a farmer; was a delegate to the State Convention that ratified the Federal Constitu tion; was elected clerk of Chittenden County in 1790; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1790-1 79G; was judge of the Chittenden-county Court 1793-1795, and was chief justice 1796-1803 ; was elect ed a representative from Vermont in the Eighth Con gress as a Federalist; was re-elected to the Ninth, Tenth, Eleventh, and Twelfth Congresses, receiving twelve majority at the last election, and serving from October 17, 1803, to March 3, 1813; was governor of Vermont 1813 and 1814, but was defeated for re-elec tion; was judge of probate 1821-1823. Contracted a fever while on a visit to Illinois, and died at Willis- ton, Vermont, September 5, 1841. Chittenden, Simeon B., was born at Guilford, Connecticut, March 29, 1814; received an academic education ; entered a store in early life at New Haven, Connecticut ; removed to New York in 1843, and en gaged in mercantile pursuits; was vice-president of the New- York Chamber of Commerce from 1867 to 1869; was a presidential elector in 1872; was one of the first directors in the Continental Bank and in the Continental Fire-insurance Company; was a trustee of the United-States Trust Company; was a director in the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western, and other railroads ; is president of the New-Haven and New- London Shore-Line Railroad of Connecticut; was elected a representative from New York in the Forty- third Congress to fill a vacancy occasioned by the resignation of Stewart L. Woodford; was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Congress as an Independent Re publican, receiving 14,539 votes against 8,996 votes for Ostrander, Republican, and was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 18,110 votes against 17,858 votes for Thomas S. Dakin, Democrat, serving from December 7, 1874. Chittenden, Thomas C., was born in Massa chusetts; removed to Adams, Jefferson County, New York ; held several local offices ; was elected a repre sentative from New York in the Twenty-sixth Con gress as a Whig, receiving 4,989 votes against 4,309 votes for Isaac II. Bronson, Democrat ; and was re- elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress, receiving 6,212 votes against 5,750 votes for A. S. Greene, Demo crat, serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1843. Choate, Rufus, was born at Ipswich, Massachu setts, October 1, 1791); was reared on a farm; received a classical education, graduating at Dartmouth Col lege in 1819 ; was a tutor at Dartmouth College for one year; studied law at the Cambridge Law School, and then with Attorney-General Wirt at Washing ton City; was admitted to the bar in September, 1823, and commenced practice at Danvers ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1825, and State senator in 1826; removed to Salem in 1828; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Twenty-second Congress as a Whig, receiving 1,750 votes against 767 votes for B. W. Crowninshield, Democrat, and 352 votes for Cabot, Jackson Demo crat; was re-elected to the Twenty-third Congress by an increased majority, but resigned at the close of the first session, serving from December 5, 1831, to June 30, 1834; was elected United-States senator from Massachusetts (to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Daniel Webster), and served from March 1, 1841, to March 3, 1845, declining a re-elec tion; was a regent of the Smithsonian Institution, but resigned February 2, 1855, as he could not in dorse the management of it; declined in 1848 the position of professor of the Law School at Cambridge; declined also a seat on the bench of the State Su preme Court; visited Europe in the summer of 1850; was a delegate to the Whig National Convention at Baltimore in 1852; declined the attorney-generalship of Massachusetts in 1853; advocated the election of Buchanan and Breckinridge in 1856; started on a voyage to Europe, but was unable to proceed farther than Halifax, Nova Scotia, where he died, of Bright s disease, July 13, 1859. Chrisman, James S., was born in Kentucky, and resided at Monticello in that State; was a dele gate to the State Constitutional Convention in 1849; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Thirty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 5,657 votes against 5,622 votes for Bramlette, Whig, and serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855; was a Democratic candidate for the Thirty-sixth Congress, and claimed to have been elected, but the House decided that he had only received 7,201 votes, and gave the seat to Anderson, who had received 7,204 votes ; was a representative from Kentucky in the First and Second Confederate Congresses. Christian cy, Isaac P., was born at Canonga (then Johnstown), New York, March 12, 1812; re ceived an academic education at the Johnstown and Ovid Academics ; studied law with Hon. John May- nard until 1836, when he removed to Monroe, Michi gan, where he completed his legal studies with Hon. Robert McClelland; was admitted to the bar, and practised until called to the bench of the Supreme Court in 1858; was prosecuting-attorney 1841-1846; was a delegate to the National Free-soil Convention at Buffalo in 1848; was a member of the State Senate of Michigan from January 1, 1850, until January 1, 1852 ; was elected a judge of the Supreme Court of Michigan from January 1, 1858, until February 27, 1875 (chief justice from January, 1872, until January 1, 1874) ; and was elected United-States senator from Michigan as a Republican, to succeed Z. Chandler, Republican, serving from March 4, 1875. Christie, Gabriel, was born in Maryland, and was elected a representative from that State in the Third Congress; was re-elected to the Fourth Con gress, serving from December 2, 1793, to March 3, 1797 ; was again elected a representative from Mary land in the Sixth Congress, serving from December 2, 1799, to March 3, 1801. Churchill, John Charles, was born at Mooers, New York, January 17, 1821; fitted for college at Burr Seminary, Vermont; graduated at Middlebury College, Vermont, July, 1843; taught languages at Castleton Seminary, Vermont, two years; was tvitor at Middlebury College one year; read law at Dane Law School, Harvard University; was admitted to the bar July, 1847; occupied the chair of languages at Middlebury College for a few months, during the ill ness of Professor Solomon Stoddard ; commenced the practice of law at Oswego, New York, early in 1848, and has continued it to the present time; was a mem ber of the Board of Education of Oswego City from 330 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. 1853 to 1856, and of the Board of Supervisors of Osweg< County 1854 and 1855; was district-attorney for Os wego County from 1857 to 1800; was judge of Oswegi County from 1800 to 1804, and in the latter year was unanimously presented by his county as a candidate for justice of the Supreme Court; was elected a rep resentative from New York in the Fortieth Congress as a Republican, receiving 14,401 votes against 8,827 votes for Albertus Perry, Democrat; and was re- elected to the Forty-first Congress, receiving 15,701 votes against 6,109 votes for Stebbins, Democrat, serving from March 4, 1807, to March 3, 1871. Church well, W^illiam M., was born near Knoxville, Tennessee; was one of the county judges of Knox County; was elected a representative from Tennessee in the Thirty-second Congress as a Demo crat, receiving 0,074 votes against 0,658 votes for Anderson, Whig ; and was re-elected to the Thirty- third Congress, receiving 6,026 votes against 4,797 votes for H. Maynard, Whig, serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1855. Cilley, Bradbury, was born at Nottingham, New Hampshire, February 1, 1700; received a public- school education ; was elected a representative from New Hampshire, in the Thirteenth Congress, on the Peace ticket, headed by Daniel Webster, receiving 18,585 votes against 15,985 votes for J. A. Harper, War Democrat; was re-elected to the Fourteenth Congress as a Federalist, serving from May 24, 1813, until March 3, 1817 ; was an aide-de-camp to Governor Gilmaii, and was on duty when the British threatened to attack Portsmouth, in 1814; and died, at Notting ham December 17, 1831. Cilley, Jonathan, was born at Nottingham, New Hampshire, July 2, 1802; received a classical education, graduating at Bowdoin College in 1825; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1829, and commenced practice at Thomaston, Maine; edited " The Thomaston Register " 1829-1831; was a mem ber of the State House of Representatives 1832-1837, serving two years as speaker; was elected a repre sentative from Maine in the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Van Buren Democrat, serving from September 4, 1837, to February 24, 1838, when he was killed in a duel, near Washington, by William J. Graves, a rep resentative from Kentucky. Cilley, Joseph, was born at Nottingham, New Hampshire, January 4, 1791; was commissioned as ensign of State militia October 17, 1811, and as en sign in the regular army March 12, 1812; served through the war with Great Britain with distinction, and resigned in July, 1816; was an aide-de-camp to Governor Benjamin Pierce in 1827 ; was elected to the United-States senate as a Democrat to fill the vacancy occasioned by the resignation of Levi Wood- bury (who had been appointed a justice of the Su preme Court), serving from June 22, 1846, until March 3, 1847; passed the remainder of his life on his well-tilled farm at Nottingham, New Hampshire. Claflin, William, was born at Milford, Massa chusetts, March 0, 1818; was for many years engaged in the wholesale boot and shoe business at St. Louis, Missouri, and afterwards at Boston, residing at New ton; was a member of the State House of Represen tatives 1849-1852; was a State senator 1800-1861, and president of the Senate the last year; was a member of the Republican National Executive Committee fmm 1864 to 1875, serving as chairman from 1S08 to 1872 ; was lieutenant-governor of Massachusetts 1866- 1809; was governor of Massachusetts 1809-1871 ; was elected to the Forty-fifth Congress as a Republican, receiving 14,245 votes against 12,497 votes for William W. Warren, Democrat. Clagett, Clifton, was born at Portsmouth, New Hampshire, December 3, 1702 ; received a classical education; studied law with his father, Attorney- Goneral Wyseman Clagett; was admitted to the bar 1^4 ancl commftnc d practice at Litchfield in 1787; was appointed judge of probate for Hills- borough County in 1811, and removed to Amherst; was the representative from Litchfield in the legisla ture for several years, and from Amherst in 1816; was elected a representative from New Hampshire in the Eighth Congress, serving from October 17, 1803, to March 3, 1805; was appointed a justice of the peace and quorum in 1808; was appointed a judge of the Superior Court in 1812, and held that office until the alterations of the court the ensuing year; was again elected to the Fifteenth Congress, and re- elected to the Sixteenth Congress, serving from De cember 0, 1819, to March 3, 1823; was appointed judge of probate August 5, 1823, and held the office at the time of his death, at Amherst, January 29, 1829. Clagett, William H., was born at Upper Marl- borough, Maryland, September 21, 1838; was early educated to a knowledge of the rod, and not much else; studied and practised law; was a member of the legislature of Nevada in 1862, 1803, and 1865; and was elected a representative from Montana in the Forty-second Congress as a Republican, receiving 5,274 votes against 4,801 votes for E. W. Toole, Demo crat, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1873. Claiborne, John, was born in Virginia; received a liberal education; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Ninth Congress, and was re- elected to the Tenth Congress, serving from Decem ber 2, 1805, to 1808, when he died. Claiborne, John F. H., was born at Natchez, Mississippi; received a classical education in Vir ginia, where he studied law, and was admitted to the bar ; commenced practice at Natchez ; was several years a member of the State legislature ; was elected a representative from Mississippi in the Twenty-fourth Congress as a Jackson Democrat; claimed to have been re-elected to the TAventy-fif th Congress, the House admitting him to his seat October 3, 1837, but subsequently reversing its decision, and declaring the seat vacant, serving from December 7, 1835, to January 31, 1838; defeated as the Democratic candi date for the Twenty-fifth Congress at the special election ordered, receiving 11,308 votes against 12,249 votes for S. S. Prentiss, Whig; edited " The Natchez Free-Trader," and subsequently " The Louisiana Courier; " was appointed by President Pierce United- States live-oak timber agent for the districts of Louisiana and Mississippi. He published " The Life of General Samuel Dale," " The Life of General Quitman," and many magazine articles. Claiborne, Nathaniel Herbert, was born in Sussex County, Virginia, November 14, 1767; re ceived a classical education; was several years a member of the State House of Delegates; was an executive councillor; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Nineteenth Congress, defeating Jabez Leftwich; was re-elected to the Twentieth Congress, receiving 1,648 votes against 786 votes for William Campbell; was re-elected to the Twenty- iirst Congress without opposition ; was- re-elected to the Twenty-second Congress without opposition ; was e-elected to the Twenty-third Congress without oppo sition ; was re-elected to the Twenty-fourth Congress ivithout opposition, serving from December 5, 1825, ;o March 3, 1837; died at Rocky Mount, Virginia, August 15, 1839. Published " Notes on the War in the South, 1819." Claiborne, Thomas (father of John and Thomas Claiborne), was born at Brunswick, Vir- inia; received a classical education; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Third Congress; was re-elected to the Fourth and Fifth Congresses, serving from December 2, 1793, to March 3, 1799; was defeated as a candidate for the Sixth Congress; was again elected to the Seventh Congress ; was re flected to the Eighth Congress, serving from Decem- >er 7, 1801, to March 3, 1805; died at Brunswick, Virginia, 1812. Claiborne, Thomas (son of Thomas Claiborne, xnd brother of John Claiborne), was born at Bruns wick, Virginia; was elected a representative from STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 331 Tennessee in the Fifteenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1817, to March 3, 1819. Claiborne, William Charles Cole, was born in Virginia; received a liberal education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Nashville, Tennessee; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention; was elected a representa tive from Tennessee in the Fifth Congress as a Democrat, and was re-elected to the Sixth Congress, serving from March 23, 1797, to March 3, 1801 ; was appointed governor of the Territory of Mississippi in 1801, and of newly-acquired Louisiana in 1804; was elected governor of Louisiana, serving from 1812 to 181G ; was elected United-States senator from Loui siana as a Democrat, but died, before taking his seat, at New Orleans, November 23, 1817. Clapp, Asa "W. H., was born in Maine; was a merchant at Portland ; was elected a representative from Maine in the Thirtieth Congress as a Demo crat, receiving 4,369 votes against 3,023 votes for Little, Whig, and 1,010 scattering votes, and serving from December 6, 1847, to May 3, 1849. Clark, Abraham, was born near Elizabeth- town, New Jersey, February 15, 172(5; was self-edu cated; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Railway ; was sheriff of Union County ; was clerk of the Provincial Assembly ; was active in the ante-Revolutionary movements ; was a delegate from New Jersey to the Continental Con gress 1770-1782 and 1787-1788 ; was a delegate to the conventions of 1780 and 1787 ; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1782-1787; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Sec ond Congress ; and was re-elected to the Third Con gress, serving from October 24, 1791, to his death, at Railway, New Jersey, September 15, 1794. Clark, Ambrose W"., was born near Coopers- town, New York, February 19, 1810; received a pub lic-school education; learned the art of printing; was publisher of " The Otsego Journal " for five years, of "The Northern Journal" in Lewis County for eight years, and of "The Northern New Yale Journal" at Watertown for sixteen years; was elected a representative from New York in the Thir ty-seventh Congress as a Republican, receiving 12,904 votes against 4,834 votes for Purple, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, receiv ing 14,820 votes against 11,031 votes for Carryl, Republican, serving from July 4, 1801, to March 3, 1805 ; was appointed by President Lincoln consul at Valparaiso, serving from 1805 to 1809, and acting the last year as chary d affaires at Chili, in the absence of the minister. Clark, Amos, jun., was born at Westfield, New Jersey, November 8, 1827; received an English edu cation; was in business in New- York City, though always residing in Elizabeth, and largely interested in real estate there ; was a member of the city coun cil of Elizabeth in 1865 and 1806; was elected State senator, and served from 1800 to 1809 ; was an elector on the Republican presidential ticket for 1872; and was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Forty-third Congress as a Republican, receiving 14,- 794 votes against 12,018 votes for J. H. Patterson, Democrat, and serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1875. Clark, Christopher, was born in Virginia in 1707; received a classical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised ; was several times elected a member of the State legislature; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Eighth Congress as a Jeffersonian Democrat, in place of John Trigg, deceased; and was re-elected to the Ninth Congress, serving from November 5, 1804, until he resigned, Jxily 1, 1800; and died near New Lon don, Virginia, November 21, 1828. Clark, Daniel, was born at Stratham, New Hampshire, October 24, 1809; received a classical education, graduating at Dartmouth College in 1834; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1837, and commenced practice; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1842, 1843, 1840, 1854, and 1855; was elected United-States senator from New Hampshire as a Republican in place of James Bell, deceased; and was re-elected, serving from De cember 7, 1857, to July, 1806, when he resigned ; was chosen president pro tempore during the first session of the Thirty-eighth Congress; was appointed, iii July, 1806, judge of the United-States District Court for the District of New Hampshire. Clark, Ezra, jun., was born in Vermont; re moved to Hartford ; was elected a representative from, Connecticut in the Thirty-fourth Congress as an American Republican, receiving 8,519 votes against 7,852 votes for Pratt, Democrat ; and was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving 8,410 votes against 7,973 votes for 11. D. Hubbard, Democrat, serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1859; received 220 votes for the Thirty-sixth Congress, although not a candidate. Clark, Franklin, was born in Maine; received a public-school education; engaged in mercantile pursuits at Wiscasset, Maine; was a member of the State House of Representatives; was an executive councillor in 1855 ; was elected a representative from. Maine in the Thirtieth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 5,226 votes against 4,657 votes for F. H. Morse, Whig, and serving from December 6, 1847, to March 3, 1849. Clark, Henry S., was born in Beaufort County, North Carolina, in 1801 ; received a classical educa tion, graduating at the University of North Carolina in 1828; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Washington ; was a member of the State House of Commons in 1833, 1834; waa elected a representative from North Carolina in the Twenty-ninth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 4,640 votes against 3,999 votes for R. S. Donnell, Whig, and serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1847. Clark, Horace P., was born at Southbury, Connecticut, in 1815 ; received a classical education, graduating at Williams College; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in the city of New York, where he became prominent in financial, political, and railroad circles; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 3,722 votes against 3,760 votes for Wakeman, Republican; and was re- elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving 9,035 votes against 6,338 votes for Herrick, Democrat, serving from December 7, 1857, to March 3, 1801; declined a renomination ; died in New- York City June 19, 1873. Clark, James, was born in Bedford County, Virginia, in 1779; removed when a lad, with his father, to Clarke County, Kentucky; received a lib eral education; studied law in Virginia; was ad mitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Win chester, Kentucky, in 1797; was several years a mem ber of the State House of Representatives ; was appointed judge of the Court of Appeals in 1810; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Thirteenth Congress as a Clay Democrat; and was re-elected to the Fourteenth Congress without oppo sition, serving from May 24, 1813, to 1816, when he resigned; was judge of the Circuit Court 1817-1824; was again elected to the Nineteenth Congress as a Whig; was re-elected to the Twentieth Congress; and was re-elected to the Twenty-first Congress, serving from December 5, 1825, to March 3, 1831; was elected governor of Kentucky in 1836, receiving 8,000 majority; and died at Frankfort, Kentucky, August 27, 1839. Clark, James "W., was born in Bertie County, North Carolina, March 2, 1781; received a classical education, graduating at Princeton College in 1790; was a member of the House of Commons of North Carolina from Bertie County in 1802 and 1803, and, removing to Edgecombe County, was elected there 332 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. in 1811; was a presidential elector on the Madison ticket in 1812; was a member of the State Senate in 1812, 1813, and 1814; was elected a representative in the Fourteenth Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 4, 1815, until March 3, 1817, and de clining a re-election; was appointed by Secretary Branch chief clerk of the Navy Department in March, 1828 ; resigned, and died at Washington City Janu ary, 1844. Clark, John B., jun., was born at Fayette, Mis souri, January 14, 1831; attended the common schools; entered Missouri University at the age of fifteen, but remained there only two years ; studied law under General John B. Clark of Missouri, and afterward graduated in the law department of Har vard University, at Cambridge, Massachusetts ; prae- tised law from 1855 until he entered the Confed erate army as a lieutenant, and was promoted succes sively to he captain, major, colonel, and brigadier- general; was state and county collector of Howard County; was elected a representative from Missouri in the Forty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 17,341 votes against 8,280 votes for M. L. De Motte, Republican ; was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Con gress, receiving 19,344 votes, without opposition ; and was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 21,761 votes against 9,915 votes for M. L. De Motte, Republican, serving from December 1, 1873. Clark, John B., was born in Madison County, Kentucky, April 17, 1802; received a liberal educa tion ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and com menced practice at Fayette, Missouri; was clerk of the Howard-county courts 1824-1834; commanded a regiment of Missouri mounted volunteers in the Black Hawk war 1832; was commissioned major- general of militia 1848; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1850 and 1851 ; was com mander of the State force called out to expel the Mormons from Missouri; was elected a representa tive from Missouri in the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Democrat to fill a vacancy caused by the election of James S. Green as senator; was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress without opposition; and was re-elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress, receiving 14,822 votes against 10,270 votes for Hawkins, Repub lican, serving from December 7, 1857, until he with drew, and was expelled, July 13, 1801; served as a senator from Missouri in the First Confederate Con gress, and as a representative in the Second Confed erate Congress ; was a brigadier-general in the Con federate service. Clark, Lincoln, was born in Hampshire County, Massachusetts, June 0, 1800 ; was reared on a farm ; taught school; obtained a classical education, and graduated at Amherst College; studied law in Vir ginia, teaching as a means of support; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Pickens County, Alabama ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1834, 1835, and 1845; removed to Tuscaloosa in 1830; was appointed attorney-gen eral in 1839; was appointed United-States circuit judge in 1840; removed in 1848 to Dubuque, Iowa; was a presidential elector on the Pierce and King ticket in 1852; was elected a representative from Iowa in the Thirty-second Congress, receiving 7,923 votes against 7,773 votes for J. P. Cook, Whig, and serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1853; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Thirty- fourth Congress, and resumed practice. Clark, Lot, was born in New York; resided at Norwich; was elected a representative from New York in the Eighteenth Congress, serving from De cember 1, 1823, to March 3, 1825. Clark, Robert, was born in Washington County, New York; received an academic education; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1812- 1815; was elected a representative from New York in the Sixteenth Congress, serving from December G, 1819, to March 3, 1821. Clark, Samuel, was born in New York; was elected a representative from New York in the Twen ty-third Congress as a Democrat, serving from De cember 2, 1833, to March 3, 1835 ; removed to Michi gan, and settled at Kalamazoo ; was elected a repre sentative from Michigan in the Thirty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 10,765 votes against 9,969 votes for Bradley, Republican, serving from Decem ber 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Thirty-fourth Con gress, receiving 10,178 votes against 12,865 votes for Walbridge, Republican; died at Kalamazoo, Michi gan, October 2, 1870. Clark, W^illiam, was born at Dauphin, Penn sylvania; was State treasurer of Pennsylvania ; was treasurer of the United States 1828-1829; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty- third Congress as a Whig ; and was re-elected to the Twenty-fourth Congress, receiving 400 majority over John C. Beecher, Democrat, serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1837; and died at Dauphin, Pennsylvania, April 28, 1841. Clark, William T., was born at Norwalk, Con necticut, June 29, 1834; was educated in Connecti cut and in New-York City ; taught school ; read law in the city of New York; removed to Iowa in 1855, and practised law there until the commencement of the war; served in the Union army in all grades up to brevet major-general, and commanded a division in Texas until mustered out in 1866, when he went into business at Galveston; took an active part in reconstruction, and was elected a representative from Texas in the Forty-first Congress as a Republican, receiving 10,582 votes against 8,804 for Elliot, Demo crat; and was re-elected to the Forty-second Con gress, receiving 18,407 votes against 17,082 votes for D. C. Giddings, Democrat, and 409 votes for L. W. Stevenson; claimed to have been re-elected to the Forty-third Congress, but the House decided that he had only received 19,400 votes against 25,391 votes for D. C. Giddings, Democrat, and gave Giddings the seat; so that he served from March 4, 1867, to May 13, 1872 ; was an officer of the Treasury Department. Clarke, Archibald S.,was born in the State of New York in 1778; received an academic education; studied law, and was admitted to the bar; was suc cessively clerk, surrogate, and judge of Saratoga County; was a member of the State Senate 1813- 1816; was elected a representative from New York in the Fourteenth Congress in place of Peter B. Porter, resigned, serving from December 2, 1810, to March 3, 1817 ; died at Clarence, New York, Decem ber 4, 1821. Clarke, Bayard, was born in New York March 17, 1815; received a classical education, graduating at Geneva College ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar; was attache to General Cass, minister to France, 1830-1840; studied at the Royal Cavalry School; was appointed second lieutenant in the Eighth Infantry, March 3, 1841 ; was transferred, in September, 1841, to the Second Dragoons, and resigned December 15, 1843; settled in Westchester County, New York; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-fourth Congress as an American Whig, receiving 7,704 votes against 2,038 votes for Whiting, Democrat, and 2,540 votes for Brandreth, Democrat, serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1857. Clarke, Beverly L., was born in Virginia; re moved to Kentucky; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1841, 1842; was a dele gate to the State Constitutional Convention in 1849; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Thirtieth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 5,201 votes against 5,065 votes for Todd, Whig, and serv ing from December 6, 1847, to March 3, 1849; was appointed by President Buchanan minister to Guate mala, and was also accredited to Honduras, serving from January 7, 1858, until his death, at Guatemala, March 17, 1860. Clarke, Charles E., was born at Great Bend, STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 333 New York April 8, 1790 ; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1839, 1840; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-first Congress as a Whig, receiving 4,036 votes against 4,427 votes for W. Ives, Democrat, and 2,024 votes for Dann, Democrat, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1851 ; was defeated as the Whig candi date for the Thirty-second Congress, receiving 5,058 votes against 5,477 votes for W. Ivcs, Democrat; died at Great Bend, New York, December 29, 1803. Clarke, Daniel, became a resident at New Orleans, and was a delegate from the Territory of Orleans in the Ninth Congress, serving from Decem ber 1, 1800, to March 3, 1809. Clarke, Freeman, was born at Troy, New York, March 22, 1809; commenced active life as a mer chant, but was engaged for thirty-five years in the banking-business and as an officer of railroad compa nies; was a presidential elector in 1850; was appoint ed comptroller of the currency in the United-States Treasury Department in 1805 ; was a member of the State Constitutional Convention of 1807; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Republican, receiving 11,193 votes against 10,470 votes for Church, Democrat, serving from December 7, 1803, to March 3, 1805; and was again elected to the Forty-second Congress, receiving 13,844 votes against 11,187 votes for J. II. White, Democrat, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1873. Clarke, John B., was born near Augusta, Bracken County, Kentucky, April 14, 1833; was educated at Augusta; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in April, 1854; was elected county attorney for Bracken County in August, 1858, for the term of four years ; was elected to the State Senate of Ken tucky, in August, 1807, from the twenty-sixth sena torial district, composed of the counties of Bracken, Pendlcton, and Grant; and was elected a representa tive from Kentucky in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 9,324 votes against 0,320 votes for John Means, Republican ; was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 14,400 votes against 10,501 votes for Doming, Republican, and serving from December 6, 1875. Clarke, John C., was born in Connecticut, March 8, 1793; received a classical education, gradu ating at Williams College in 1811 ; removed to Chc- nango County, New York; was elected a member of the State Assembly in 1820; was elected a represen tative from New York in the Twentieth Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 3, 1827, until March 3, 1829; was again elected to the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, but changed front on the appearance of President Van Buren s message in 1837; was re-elected to the Twenty-sixth Congress as a Whig by 1,000 majority, and was re-elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress as a Whig, serving from September 4, 1837, until March 3, 1843 ; was appointed first auditor of the treasury August 2, 1849, but only served until October 31, 1849; died in 1852. Clarke, John H., was born at Elizabethtown, New Jersey, in 1791; received a classical education, graduating at Brown University in 1809; studied law; was admitted to the bar; commenced practice at Providence; engaged in manufacturing; was a member of the State House of Representatives ; was elected United-States senator from Rhode Island as a Whig, serving from December 0, 1847, to March 3, 1853; and died at Providence, Rhode Island, 1870. Clarke, Reader Wright, was born at Bethel, Ohio, May 18, 1812; received a thorough education, and learned the art of printing; studied and prac tised law; was a member of the Ohio legislature in 1840, 1841, and 1842; was presidential elector in 1844; was clerk of the court of Clermont County from 1840 until 1852; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirty-ninth Congress as a Republican, receiv ing 12,015 votes against 10,174 votes for C. A. White, Democrat; was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress as a Republican, receiving 13,846 votes against 12,267 votes for Howard, Democrat, serving from December 4, 1805, to March 3, 1809 ; was appointed by President Grant third auditor of the treasury, serving from March 20, 1809, to March 20, 1870 ; was appointed a collector of internal revenue in Ohio ; and died Alay 23, 1872. Clarke, Sidney, was born at Southbridge, Massachusetts, October 10, 1831 ; received a public- school education; selected the editorial profession, and published "The Southbridge Press;" went to Kansas, and was a member of the legislature of that State in 1802; served as captain and as assistant provost marshal-general in the war for the suppres sion of the Rebellion; was elected a representative from Kansas in the Thirty-ninth Congress as a Re publican; was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, receiving 19,202 votes against 8,100 for Blair, Demo crat; and was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress, receiving 29,324 votes against 13,909 votes for Blair, Democrat, serving from December 4, 1805, to March 3, 1871. Clarke, Staley N., resided at Ellicottsville, Cattaraugus County, New York, and was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty- seventh Congress as a Whig, receiving 8,909 votes against 5,789 votes for B. Chamberlain, Democrat, and serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1843. Clarkson, Matthew, was born at Philadelphia, and was a delegate from Pennsylvania to the Con tinental Congress, serving from 1785 to 1786. Clawson, Isaiah D., was born at Woodstown, New Jersey, March 30, 1822; received a classical education, graduating at Princeton College in 1840; studied medicine, receiving his degree of M.D. at the University of Pennsylvania in 1843; commenced practice at Woodstown, New Jersey; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1853 ; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Thirty-fourth Congress as a Whig, receiving 0,209 votes against 4,385 votes for Mulford, Democrat, and 3,949 votes for Hazleton, Temperance; and was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiv ing 9,073 votes against 7,351 votes for Hineline, Democrat, serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1859. Clay, Brutus J., was born in Madison County, Kentucky, July 1, 1808; received a liberal education at Danville College, and became a farmer and stock- raiser in Bourbon County, Kontucky ; was a mem ber of the State House of Representatives in 1840 and 1860; was president of the Bourbon-county Agricultural Society, and president of the State Agricultural Society of Kentucky 1853-1857; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Unionist, receiving 4,711 votes against 2,487 votes for Boyle, Unionist, and 2,143 votes for the Democratic candidate, serv ing from December 7, 1803, to March 3, 1865 ; devoted himself to agricultural pursuits. Clay, Clement Comer (father of C. C. Clay, jun. ) , was born in Halifax County, Virginia, Decem ber 17, 1789; received a public-school education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1809, and removed in 1811 to Huntsvillc, Alabama, where he commenced practice ; served in the war against the Creek Indians, 1813; was a member of the Territorial Council of Alabama in 1817; was elected a judge of the Circuit Court in 1819, and chief justice in 1820, resigning in 1823 ; was a member of the State legisla ture of Alabama in 1827 ; was elected a representa tive from Alabama in the Twenty-first Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 7, 1829, to March 3, 1835; was governor of Alabama in 1830-1837; was elected a senator in Congress from Alabama to fill a vacancy caused by the resignation of John McKinley (appointed a justice of the Supreme Court of the United States), and served from September 4, 1837. until he resigned in the fall of 1841 ; was judge of the Supreme Court in. 1843 for a few months ; codi- 334 CONGRESSIONAL DIKECTOE-Y. fied the laws of Alabama in 1842-1843 ; and died at Huntsvillc, Alabama, September 7, 1866. Clay, Clement Coiner, jun. (son of C. C. Clay), was born at Madison, Alabama, in 1819; re ceived a classical education, graduating at the Uni versity of Alabama ; studied at the law department of the University of Virginia, graduating in 1839; was admitted to the bar in 1840, and commenced practice at Huntsville, Alabama; was a member of the State House of Representatives of Alabama in 1842, 1844, and 1845 ; was judge of the county court of Madison County 1845-1850; was a presidential elector on the Pierce and King ticket in 1852; was an unsuccessful candidate for Congress in 1853; was elected to the United-States Senate as a Democrat in 1853, and unanimously re-elected in 1859; withdrew from the United-States Senate December 10, 1860; was elected to the Confederate-States Senate in 1861, and served until 1863; was appointed a diplomatic agent of the Confederate States; was arrested in 1865, and imprisoned in Fortress Monroe; devoted himself to agricultural pursuits on his plantation in Jackson County, Alabama. Clay, Henry, was born in Hanover County, Vir ginia, April 12, 1777; was reared on a farm, receiving a scanty public-school education ; when fifteen years of age, entered the office of Mr. Tinsley, clerk of the Court of Chancery at Richmond, where he studied law; was admitted to the bar in November, 1797, and commenced practice at Lexington, Kentucky ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1803; was elected United-States senator from Ken tucky in place of John Adair, resigned, serving from December 29, 1806, to March 3, 1807; was again elected a member of the State House of Representa tives in 1808 and 1809, serving the last year as speaker ; was again elected United-States senator in place of Buckner Thurston, resigned, serving from February 5, 1810, to March 3, 1811; was elected a representative from Congress in the Twelfth Con gress, and re-elected to the Thirteenth Congress, serving as speaker from November 4, 1811, until he resigned, January 19, 1814; was appointed one of the commissioners to negotiate a treaty of peace with Great Britain; was again elected representative to the Fourteenth Congress ; and was re-elected to the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Congresses, serving as speaker from December 4, 1815, until he resigned, October 20, 1820; was again elected a representative to the Eighteenth Congress, serving as speaker from December 1, 1823, until March 3, 1825 ; was appointed by President John Quincy Adams secretary of state 1825-1829; was again elected United-States senator, and re-elected, serving from December 5, 1831, until lie resigned, March 31, 1842; was defeated as the Whig candidate for President by Andrew Jackson in 1842, and again by James K. Polk in 1844; was again elected United-States senator, serving from December 3, 1849, until he died, at Washington City, June 29, 1852. He declined the mission to Russia and a place in the cabinet offered him by President Madi son, and the mission to Great Britain and a place in the cabinet offered him by President Monroe. He fought duels with Humphrey Marshall of Ken tucky and John Randolph of Virginia. Clay, James Brown (son of Henry Clay), was born at Washington City, November 9, 1817 ; received a liberal education at Transylvania University; was a clerk in a counting-house at Boston 1832-1834; was on a farm near St. Louis 1834-1838; returned to Kentucky; studied law, graduating at the Lex ington Law School, and commenced practice in partnership with his father; was chanji: d affaires to Portugal from August 1, 1849, to July 19, 1850; resided in Missouri 1851-1852; returned to Kentucky after the death of his father, from whom he inherited the estate known as "Ashland," near Lexington; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 6,577 votes against ((,451 votes for Hanson, American, and serving from December 7, 1857, to March 3, 1859; was a member of the Peace Congress of 1861 ; iden tified himself with the Southern Confederacy; and died at Montreal, Canada, January 26, 1864. Clay, Joseph, was born at Savannah, Georgia; took an active part in the ante-Revolutionary move ments; was a delegate from Georgia in the Conti nental Congress 1778-1780; served in the Revolution ary army as paymaster of the Southern Department ; was judge of the United-States Court for the Dis trict of Georgia 1796-1801; and died at Savannah, Georgia, January 16, 1805. Clay, Joseph, was born at Philadelphia, Penn sylvania, and was elected a representative from that State in the Eighth Congress; was re-elected to the Ninth and Tenth Congresses, serving from October 17, 1803, to 1808, when he resigned. Clay, Matthew, was born in Virginia, and was elected a representative from that State in the Fifth Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Sixth, Seventh, Eighth, Ninth, Tenth, Eleventh, and Twelfth Congresses, generally without opposition, and serving from May 15, 1797, to March 3, 1813; died in 1815. Clayton, Augustin Smith, was born at Fred- ericksburg, Virginia, November 27, 1783. His parents removed to Georgia when he was one year old. He received a classical education, graduating at Franklin College in 1804; studied law under Judge Carnes; was admitted to the bar in Wilkes County, and commenced practice in Franklin County, but, at the expiration of one year, removed to Athens ; was se lected by the legislature in 1810 to compile the statutes of Georgia from 1800; was a member of the State Senate and House of Representatives ; was elected a judge of the Superior Court in 1819, and re-elected in 1822 ; was defeated when a candidate in 1825 ; was re-elected in 1828, and was defeated when a candidate in 1831; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Twenty-second Congress as a State-rights Democrat (to fill a vacancy caused by the resignation of Governor Lumpkins), and was re-elected to the Twenty-third Congress, serving from January 21, 1832, to March 3, 1835. After having been for many years sceptical upon religious subjects, he became converted, and joined the Meth odist-Episcopal Church in 1838. He died at Athens, Georgia, of paralysis, June 21, 1839. He published " The Laws of Georgia," " The Mysterious Picture," "The Life of David Crockett," and a number of political essays signed " Atticus." Clayton, Charles, was born in England in 1825; received a public-school education ; came to Wiscon sin in 1842 ; crossed the Rocky Mountains to Oregon in 1847; arrived in San Francisco in April, 1848; was alcalde in Santa Clara in 1849-1850; built the Santa- Clara flour-mills in 1852; removed to San Francisco in 1853; engaged in the grain and flour business there; was a member of the State legislature from San Francisco in 1863, 1864, 1865, and 1866; was a member of the board of supervisors (aldermen) of San Francisco from 1864 until 1869; was appointed by President Grant, March 16, 1870, surveyor of cus toms of the port and district of San Francisco; and was elected a representative from California in the Forty-third Congress as a Republican, receiving 11,943 votes against 10,888 votes for W. A. Piper, Democrat. Clayton, John Middleton, was born in Sus sex County, Delaware, July 24, 1796; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1815; studied law at the Litchiicld Law School; was admitted to the bar in 1818, and commenced practice at Dover; was a member of the State House of Rep resentatives in 1824; was secretary of state of Dela ware; was elected United-States senator from Dela ware, and re-elected, serving from December 7, 1829, to 1836; was chief justice of Delaware 1837-1839; was again elected United-States senator, serving from December 1, 1845, to his resignation March (J, 1819; was appointed secretary of state by President STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 335 Taylor, serving from March 1, 1849, to July 22, 1850; was again elected United-States senator, serving from March 4, 1853, until he died at Dover, Dela ware, November 9, 1856. Clayton, Joshua, was born in Delaware; re ceived a liberal education; studied medicine at Phila delphia, and practised at Middletown, Delaware; was president of Delaware 1789-1793; was governor of the State of Delaware 1793-1798 ; was elected United- States senator from Delaware (in place of John Vining, resigned), serving from February 19, 1798, to July 16, 1798; died at his residence near Middle- town, Delaware, August 11, 1798. Clayton, Powell, was born in Delaware County, Pennsylvania, August 7, 1833; received a common- echool education, and was afterward at Partridge s Military Academy, Bristol, Pennsylvania; studied civil engineering at Wilmington, Delaware, and fol lowed it as a profession ; entered the Union army in Kansas May 29, 1861, as captain of the First Kan sas Infantry; was appointed lieutenant-colonel of the Fifth Kansas Cavalry in February, 1862 ; was ap pointed colonel of the same regiment in March, 1862, and was commissioned brigadier-general in August, 1864 ; settled in Arkansas at the close of the war as a planter ; was elected governor in 1868 ; and was elected United-States senator from Arkansas as a Republican (to succeed A. McDonald, Republican), serving from March 25, 1871, to March 3, 1877. Clayton, Thomas, was born at New Castle, Delaware, March 9, 1758; received a liberal educa tion; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at New Castle; was elected a representative from Delaware in the Fourteenth Congress, serving from December 4, 1815, to March 3, 1817; was for several years a member of the State legislature ; was elected United-States senator (in the place of Ca3sar A. Rodney, resigned), serving from January 15, 1824, to March 3, 1827; was chief justice of the Delaware Court of Common Pleas; was again elected United- States senator (in place of John M. Clayton, resigned), serving from January 19, 1837, to March 3, 1847; was chief justice of the Supreme Court of Delaware; died at New Castle, Delaware, August 21, 1854. Cleaveland, Jesse P., was born at Decatur, Georgia; held several local offices; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Twenty-fourth Congress as a Union Democrat, receiving 30,811 votes against 27.947 votes for Gamble, State-rights Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-fifth Congress, serving from December 7, 1835, to March 3, 1839; removed to Charleston, South Carolina, in the fall of 1839, and engaged in mercantile pursuits ; died at Charleston, South Carolina, May 19, 1841. Clemens, Jeremiah, was born at Huntsville, Alabama, December 28, 1814; received a classical education, graduating at the University of Alabama in 1833; studied law at Transylvania University, Ken tucky; was admitted to the bar in 1834, and prac tised at Huntsville; was appointed United-States marshal for the northern district of Alabama in 1838; was a member of the State House of Repre sentatives 1839-1841; raised a company of riflemen and served in the Texas war of independence in 1842 ; was again a member of the State House of Rep resentatives 1843-1844; served in the Mexican war, and was appointed major of the Thirteenth United- States Infantry March 3, 1847 ; promoted lieutenant- colonel of the Ninth United-States Infantry July 16, 1847; disbanded July 20, 1848; was appointed in 1848 chief of the depot of purchases in Mexico ; was elected United-States senator from Alabama as a Democrat, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1853; was a member of the convention which voted Ala bama out of the Union in 1861, but protested against its action; held office under the Southern Confed eracy; advocated the re-election of President Lincoln in 1864; removed to Memphis, Tennessee, and became editor of " The Memphis Eagle and Enquirer," Jan uary 1. 1859; returned to Alabama, and died at Huntsville May 25, 1865. He published "Bernard Lile," "Mustang Gray," and " Tobias Wilson." Clemens, Sherrard, was born at Wheeling, Virginia, April 28, 1826; received a classical educa tion, graduating at Washington College ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Wheeling ; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Thirty-second Congress (in place of George W. Thompson, resigned) as a Democrat, receiving 506 majority, and serving from December 6, 1852, to March 3, 1853; was a presidential elector in 1856 on the Buchanan and Brcckinridge ticket; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Thirty- fifth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 7,074 votes against 2,821 votes for Dunnington, American; and was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress without opposition. His second term of service was from December 7, 1857, to March 3, 1861 ; but a wound received in a duel with Mr. Wise in 1859 prevented his attending the second session of the Thirty-fifth Congress. Clements, Andrew J., was born in Jackson County, Tennessee, in 1832; received a public-school education ; studied medicine ; received the degree of M.D. from the University of Tennessee in 1858, and commenced practice at Lafayette ; was elected a rep resentative from Tennessee in the Thirty-seventh Congress as a Unionist, serving from January 13, 1862, to March 3, 1863; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1866. Clements, Isaac, was born in Franklin County, Indiana, in 1837; graduated at the Indiana Asbury University at Greencastle in 1859, paying his own way by teaching school ; studied law with John A. Matson of Greencastle ; removed to Illinois, and taught school to raise money for the purchase of law- books; entered the Union army as second lieutenant of Company G, Ninth Illinois Infantry, in July, 1861 ; remained in the service over three years, dur ing which he was wounded three times, and was twice promoted; was appointed register in bank ruptcy in June, 1867 ; and was elected a representa tive from Illinois in the Forty-third Congress as a Republican, receiving 12,999 votes against 11,278 votes for G. W. Wall, Democrat and Liberal, serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1875; was defeat ed as the Republican candidate for the Forty-fourth Congress, receiving 9,280 votes against 10,866 votes for W. Hartzcll, Democrat and Reformer. Clendenen, David, was elected a representa tive from Ohio in the Thirteenth Congress in place of Rezin Beall, resigned ; and was re-elected to the Fourteenth Congress, serving from December 22, 1814, to March 3, 1817. Cleveland, Chauncey F., was born at Hamp ton, Connecticut, in 1799; received a public-school education ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar in 1819, and commenced practice at Hampton; was a member of the State legislature in 1826, 1827, 1828, 1829, 1832, 1835, 1836, 1838, 1847, and 1848, serving two years as speaker of the House; was governor of Connecticut in 1842-1843; was elected a representa tive from Connecticut in the Thirty-first Congress as a Democrat, receiving 6,140 votes against 5,992 votes for Rockwell, Whig; and was re-elected to the Thir ty-second Congress, receiving 6,261 votes against 5,810 votes for Ames, Whig, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1853 ; was a presidential elector on the Lincoln and Hamlin ticket in 1860, and a member of the Peace Congress in 1861. Cleveland, Orestes, was born in Duanesburg, Schenectady County, New York, March 2, 1829; re ceived a common-school education ; engaged in mer cantile pursuits in New- York City, and afterwards became a manufacturer in Jersey City; was elected alderman in 1801, and was president of the board in 1862; elected mayor in 1864, re-elected in 1865 and 1866, and in 1867 was assured that no Repub lican candidate would oppose him if he would accept the unanimous nomination tendered by his 336 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. own party, but refused, and the city went back to the Republicans ; in 1804 the city exhausted its au thority to issue bonds for bounties, and he borrowed large amounts with unauthorized bonds by attach ing his individual guaranty, furnishing promptly all the men required ; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Forty-first Congress as a Democrat, receiving 19,110 votes against 16,802 votes for Ilalsey, Republican, and serving from March 4, 1809, to March 3, 1871; was defeated as Democratic candi date for the Forty-second Congress, receiving 14,094 votes against 18,092 votes for George A. Ilalsey, Re publican, and 030 votes for Fitzpatrick, Independent. Clever, Charles P., was born at Cologne, Prus sia, February 23, 1830; was educated at the Gymna sium of Cologne and the University of Bonn ; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice at Santa Fe, New Mexico; held several territorial offices, and claimed to have been elected a representa tive from New Mexico in the Fortieth Congress ; but the House decided, nem. con., that he had only re ceived 8,307 votes, and gave the scat to J. Francisco Cleaves, who had received 8,(59G votes, so that he served from March 4, 1807, to February 20, 1869. He published " The Resources of New Mexico " in 1868. Clifford, Nathan, was born at Rumney, New Hampshire, August 18, 1803; received an academic education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in York County, Maine, in 1827; was elected a member of the State House of Eepresentatives 1830-1834, serving the two last years as speaker; was attorney-general of Maine 1834-1838; was elected a representative from Maine in the Twenty-sixth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 5,568 votes against 4,560 votes for Nathan D. Apple- ton, Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress, receiving 900 majority over Daniel Goode- now, Whig, serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1843; was appointed by President Polk attorney- general of the United States, serving from December 23, 1846, to March 17, 1848; was commissioner to Mexico, with the rank of envoy extraordinary and minister plenipotentiary, from March 18, 1848, to September 6, 1849; resumed practice at Portland, Maine ; was appointed by President Buchanan asso ciate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States January 28, 1858. He published "United- States Circuit-Court Reports," in two volumes, 1869. Clif t, Joseph Wales, was born at North Marsh- field, Massachusetts, September 1, 1836; received an education at the common school and Phillips Academy; learned a carpenter s trade; united with the Congregational Church in 1855; entered the Union army; was acting-surgeon United-States army from July 13, 1862, to August 7, 1805, serving in the Army of the Potomac until November 18, 1866 ; prac tised medicine in Savannah; was appointed registrar of the city of Savannah by Major-General John Pope under the reconstruction acts; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Fortieth Congress as a Republican, receiving 11,980 votes against 8,140 votes for Fitch, Democrat, and serving from July 25, 1868, to March 3, 1869. Clinch, Duncan L., was born in North Caro lina in 1798; entered the United-States army as first lieutenant July 1, 1808, and was gradually promoted until he became colonel of the Eighth infantry in April, 1819; was brevetted brigadier-general April 20, 1829; commanded at and won the battle of Withla- wochce against the Seminole Indians December 31, 1835; resigned September 21, 1830, and settled on a plantation near St. Mary s, Georgia; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Whig by over 4,000 majority (to iill a vacancy occasioned by the death of John Millen), and served from February 15, 1844, to March 3, 1845; died at Macon, Georgia, November 21, 1849. Clingan, William, was born in Pennsylvania, and was a delegate from that State in the Conti nental Congress 1777-1779. Clingman, Thomas L., wasborn at Huntsville, North Carolina; received a classical education; grad uated at the University of North Carolina in 1832; studied law, and commenced practice; was elected to the State House of Commons in 1835 ; removed to Ashville, Buncombe County, in 1830; was elected State senator in 1840; was elected a representative in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Whig, receiving 3,817 votes against 2,888 votes for Graham, Demo crat, and served from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1845; was defeated by Graham in 1845; was again elected to the Thirtieth Congress, receiving 4,550 votes against 3,426 votes for Bynum, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-first Congress, receiving 7,231 votes against 1,146 scattering votes; was re-elected to the Thirty-second Congress as an Independent can didate, receiving 6,500 votes against 2,819 votes for Gaither, Whig; was re-elected to the Thirty-third Congress, receiving 7,546 votes against 5,214 votes for Gaither; was re-elected to the Thirty-fourth Con gress as a Democrat, receiving 8,079 votes against 0,584 votes for Carmichacl, Know-Nothing ; and was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Demo crat, receiving 8,673 votes against 3,759 scattering votes ; was appointed to the United-States Senate as a Democrat to fill the vacancy occasioned by the resignation of Asa Bigs, and was elected for six years after March 4, 1861 ; withdrew from the United-States Senate January 21, 1861, after having served contin uously since December 0, 1847 ; was appointed, May 17, 1802, brigadier-general in the Confederate service, commanding a brigade composed of the Eighth, Thirty-first, Fifty-first, and Sixty-first North-Carolina Infantry. Clinton, De Witt, was bom at Little Britain, New York, March 2, 1709; received a classical educa tion, graduating at Columbia College in 1786; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1788, but did not practise much; was private secretary to his uncle, Governor George Clinton, 1790-1795; was made a Freemason in Holland Lodge in 1793, and rose to be Grand Master of New York in 1800, Grand High Priest in 1816, and Grand Master of the Grand En campment in 1816; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1798, and State senator in 1799-1802; was elected United-States senator from New York as a Democrat in place of John Arm strong, resigned, serving from Februrary 23, 1802, to 1803, when he resigned ; fought a duel with Samuel Swartwout in July, 1802, after a political controversy; was mayor of the city of New York 1803-1807 ; was again State senator 1806-1811; was again mayor of the city of New York 1810-1811; was lieutenant- governor of New York 1811-1813; was defeated in 1812 as the Peace candidate for president of the United States, receiving 89 electoral votes against 128 votes for James Madison, Avar Democrat ; was again mayor of the city of New York 1811-1814; initiated the Erie Canal in 1815, and served several years as canal commissioner; was governor of the State of New York 1817-1822 and 1824-1827 ; was prominent in the establishment of the New-York Historical So ciety, the Academy of Fine Arts, and the Orphan Asylum; declined the mission to Great Britain, tendered him by President John Quiucy Adams; died at Albany, New York, February 11, 1828. Pub lished "Letters on the Natural History and Internal Resources of the State of New York," and several papers on historical topics and internal improve ments. Clinton, George, was born in Ulster County, New York, July 20, 1739 ; received a liberal education ; made a cruise in a privateer; served as a lieutenant of rangers in the expedition against Fort Frontenac; studied law with William Smith; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Ulster County; was a delegate from New York in the Continental Con gress 1775-1777, but was a part of the time in the field as brigadier-general of militia; was appointed brig adier-general by Congress March 25, 1777; was gov- STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 387 ernor of New York 1777-1795 ; was a delegate to the State Convention which ratified the Federal Consti tution, and its president; was defeated as the State- rights candidate for the vice-presidency in 1790, re ceiving 50 electoral votes against 77 electoral votes for John Adams, 4 for Jefferson, and 1 for Burr; was a member of the State House of Representa tives in 1800; was again governor of New York 1801-1804; was elected vice-president in 1804 as a State-rights Democrat, receiving 162 electoral votes against 14 electoral votes for Rufus King; and was re-elected in 1808, receiving 118 electoral votes against 47 electoral votes for Rufus King, 3 for James Madi son, and 3 for James Monroe ; and died at Washing ton City, April 20, 1812. Clinton, George, jun., was born in New- York City; was a member of the State House of Represen tatives 1801-1802 ; was elected a representative from New York in the Eighth Congress in place of Samuel L. Mitchill, elected senator; and was re-elected to the Ninth and Tenth Congresses, serving from Febru ary 14, 1805, to March 3, 1809. Clinton, James G., was born at Newburgh, New York; held several local offices; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-sev enth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 4,867 votes against 4,343 votes for Thomas McKissock, Whig; and was re-elected to the Twenty-eighth Congress, receiving 5,563 votes against 4,439 votes for Wheeler, Whig, serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1845. Clopton, David, was born in Georgia in 1820; removed to Tuskegee, Alabama ; was elected a repre sentative from Alabama in the Thirty-sixth Con gress as a State-rights Democrat, receiving 6,880 votes against 6,666 votes for T. J. Judge, American Whig, and serving from December 5, 1859, to Janu ary 21, 1861, when he retired from the House ; was elected a representative in the First and Second Con federate Congresses 1862-1864. Clopton, John, was born in Virginia; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Fourth Congress as a Democrat, his seat being unsuccess fully contested by Burwcll Bassett ; and was re-elected to the Fifth Congress, serving from December 7, 1795, to March 3, 1799 ; was again elected to the Seventh Congress ; was re-elected to the Eighth, Ninth, Tenth (receiving 164 majority over Peyton Randolph), Eleventh, Twelfth, Thirteenth, and Fourteenth Con gresses, serving from December 7, 1801, to September 11, 1816, when he died. Clowney, William K. ? was born in Union County, South Carolina; received a classical educa tion, graduating at the South-Carolina College in 1818; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Union Court House; was commissioner in equity of South Carolina 1830- 1833 ; was elected a representative from South Caro lina in the Twenty-third Congress as a Nullifier, receiving 4,564 votes against 4,339 votes for Thomas Williams, Unionist, and serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1835; was defeated as the State- rights candidate for the Twenty-fourth Congress, receiving 4,038 votes against 4,213 votes for James Rogers, Unionist ; was again elected to the Twenty- fifth Congress as a State-rights candidate, defeating James Rogers, Unionist, and serving from September 4, 18o7, to March 3, 1839; was defeated as the State- rights candidate for the Twenty-sixth Congress by James Rogers, Unionist. Clymer, George, was born at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, in 1739 ; received an English education, and engaged in mercantile pursuits; was prominent in the ante-Revolutionary movements; was a dele gate from Pennsylvania to the Continental Congress 1776-1778 and 1780-1783; was a member of the Penn sylvania legislature in 1784; was a delegate to the convention that framed the Federal Constitution; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the First Congress, serving from March 4, 1789, to March 3, 1791; was appointed collector of excise duties in 1791, but resigned after the "Whiskey In surrection ; " was one of the commissioners who nego tiated a treaty with the Cherokecs and the Creeks June 29, 1796; retired from public life, but was in terested in agriculture, the fine arts, and finance; died at Morrisville, Pennsylvania, January 23, 1813. Clymer, Hiester, was born at Caernarvon, Pennsylvania, November 3, 1827; received his pri mary education in the schools of Reading, and grad uated at Princeton College, New Jersey, in 1847; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in Berks County in 1849 ; pursued his profession in that county until 1851, when he removed to Pottsvillc, Schuylkill County, and there practised until 1856, when he re turned to Reading ; in January, 1860, by appointment of the judges of the Court of Common Pleas, he rep resented Berks County in the Board of Revenue Com missioners of the State, and in the same year he rep resented his district in the National Democratic Con vention, which held its sessions at Charleston and Baltimore; was a member of the State Senate of Pennsylvania from October, 1860, until he resigned, when nominated, in March, 1866, as Democratic can didate for governor of Pennsylvania; in 1868 he again represented his district in the National Democratic Convention which met at New York ; in 1870 he was appointed by Governor Geary a member of the State Board of Public Charities; visited Europe in 1870- 1871 ; was president of the Democratic State Conven tion which met at Reading in May, 1872 ; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Forty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 13,854 votes against 7,783 votes for J. Millholland, Republican; and was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Congress, re ceiving 10,553 votes against 5,358 votes for McKnight, Republican; was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Con gress, receiving 15,239 votes against 6,213 votes for Markley, Republican, serving from December 1, 1873. Cobb, Amasa, was born in Crawford County, Illinois, September 27, 1823; received a public-school education; went to Wisconsin Territory in 1842; was engaged in lead-mining; served in the United-States army as a private in the Mexican war, during which he studied law, and afterwards commenced practice; was district-attorney from 1850 until 1854; was a member of the State Senate of Wisconsin in 1855 and 1856; was adjutant-general of Wisconsin from 1855 until 1858; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1860 and 1861, serving the last year as speaker ; entered the Union army as colonel of the Fifth Wisconsin Volunteers, which he had raised, and subsequently, during a recess of Con gress, as colonel of the Forty-third Wisconsin Volun teers, which he had also raised, serving with such gallantry as to receive the brevet rank of brigadier- general ; was elected a representative from Missouri in the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Republican, re ceiving 11,921 votes against 9,249 votes for Simpson, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Con gress, receiving 14,753 votes against 8,436 votes for C. A. Rodolph, Democrat; was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress as a Republican, receiving 13,006 votes against 7,655 votes for Virgin, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress, receiving 17,903 votes against 11,162 votes for Passmore, Dem ocrat, serving from December 7, 1863, to March 3, 1871. Cobb, Clinton L., was born at Elizabeth City, North Carolina, August 25, 1842; he attended school until he was thirteen years of age, and then went into a counting-room; studied law, and obtained a license to practise in 1867; was a candidate for the legislature in 1866, but was defeated on the Howard Amendment ; was an Independent candidate for Con gress in 1868, but withdrew in favor of J. R. French ; was elected a representative from North Carolina in the Forty-first Congress as a Republican, receiving 15,476 votes against 11,893 votes for Barnes, Demo crat; was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress as the regular Republican candidate by 5,000 majority 338 CONGRESSIONAL DIEECTOEY. over T. Morgan, Independent Republican ; and was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress, receiving 13,- 620 votes against 12,101 votes for D. M. Carter, Dem ocrat, serving from March 4, 1809, to March 3, 1875 ; was defeated as the Republican candidate for the Forty-fourth Congress, receiving 12,590 votes against 14,071 votes for Jesse j. Yeates, Democrat. Cobb, David, was born at Attlcborough, Massa chusetts, September 14, 1748; received a classical education, graduating at Harvard College in 17(30; studied medicine at Boston with Dr. Perkins; was licensed, and practised at Taunton, Massachusetts; was an ardent revolutionist, and a member of the Provincial Congress in 1775; was lieutenant-colonel of Jackson s regiment in 1777-1778, serving in Rhode Island and New Jersey, and was for some years a member of Washington s military family; after the close of the war, he resumed practice at Taunton; was appointed major-general of militia, and also judge of the Bristol-county Court of Common Pleas, declaring, during Shays s rebellion, that he " would sit as a judge, or die as a general;" was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Third Congress as a Federalist on a general ticket, serving from December 2, 1793, until March 3, 1795 ; removed in 179G to Maine, where he devoted himself to agri culture ; was elected to the Senate of Massachusetts from the Eastern District of Maine in 1802, and served as president; was elected to the State Council in 1808; was elected lieutenant-governor in 1809; was a member of the Board of Military Defence in 1812; was chief justice of the Hancock-county Court of Common Pleas ; returned to Taunton in 1817, and died there April 17, 1830. Cobb, George T., was born at Morristown, New Jersey; held several local offices; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Thirty-seventh Congress as a Democrat, receiving 10,789 votes against 9,711 votes for Edsall, Republican, and serving from July 4, 1861, to March 3, 1863. Cobb, Howell (uncle of Ho well Cobb), was born at Granville, North Carolina; removed to Geor gia, and engaged in agricultural pursuits ; served in the United-States army as ensign and captain 1793- 1806; was, elected a representative from Georgia in the Tenth Congress on a general ticket; was re- elected to the Eleventh and Twelfth Congresses, serving from October 26, 1807, to 1812, when he re signed to accept a captain s commission in the United-States army; served through the war with Great Britain; resigned when peace was declared, and resided on his plantation until his death in 1820. Cobb, Howell, was born at Cherry Hill, G>eor- gia, September 7, 1815; received a classical educa tion, graduating at Franklin College in 1834 ; studied law with Judge Harden; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Athens, Georgia, in 1836; was chosen a presidential elector on the Van Buren and Johnson ticket in 1836; was solicitor-general of the western judicial circuit of Georgia 1837-1841; was master of Mount-Vernon Lodge of Freemasons at Athens ; was elected a representative from Georgia in ^he Twenty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 35,267 votes against 33,214 votes for A. R. Wright, Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-ninth Congress, receiving 6,369 votes against 4,424 votes for Under wood, Whig; was re-elected to the Thirtieth Con gress, receiving 4,368 votes against 3,131 votes for Cleveland, Whig; was re-elected to the Thirty-first Congress, receiving 5,891 votes against 4,294 votes for Harris, Whig, serving from December 4, 1S43, to March 3, 1851, the last two years as speaker; was governor of Georgia 1851-1853 ; was again elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress, receiving 9,203 votes against 5,i>27 votes for Franklin, Whig, and serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1857; was secre tary of the treasury under President Buchanan, serv ing from March 6, 1857, until he resigned, December 10, 1860; was chairman of the convention of dele gates from the seceded States which assembled at Montgomery, Alabama, to form a Confederate gov ernment, February 4, 1861 ; was appointed brigadier- general in the Confederate army February 13, 18(52, and promoted major-general September 9, 1863; sur rendered at Macon, Georgia, April 20, 1864; died at New-York City, October 9, 1868. Cobb, Stephen Alonzo, was born at Madison, Maine, June 17, 1833; received a common-school education; moved with his father to Minnesota in 1850; worked in the lumbering business in Minne sota nearly four years, studying the languages, and preparing for college ; entered Beloit College in 1854, passed the freshman and sophomore years there, and then went to Providence, and graduated at Brown University in the class of 1858; settled in Wyaridotte, Kansas, in 1859, and commenced the practice of the law ; entered the army in 1862, and served throxigh the war, rising to the rank of lieutenant-colonel in the general volunteer staff; was mayor of Wyandotte in 1862 and 1868; was a member of the State Senate of Kansas in 1862, 1869, and 1870 ; was speaker of the House of Representatives of Kansas in 1872; was elected a representative from Kansas in the Forty- third Congress from the State at large as a Repub lican, receiving 66,345 votes against 33,274 votes for R. B. Mitchell, Democrat, and serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1875; was defeated as the Re publican candidate to the Forty-fourth Congress, receiving 14,220 votes against 14,965 votes for John R. Goodin, Democrat and Reformer. Cobb, Thomas R., was born in Lawrence County, Indiana, July 2, 1828; was reared on a farm ; attended the Bloomington University ; studied law with William H. Crawford at Lexington; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Bedford 1853- 1867, when he removed to Vincennes, where he has since continued practice; was commissioned major of militia by the governor of Indiana in 1852 ; was a member of the State Sena-te of Indiana 1858-1866 ; was defeated as a Democratic candidate for presi dential elector in 1868; was president of the Indiana State Democratic Convention in 1876 ; was a delegate to the National Democratic Convention at St. Louis which nominated Tilden and Ilcndricks in 1876; and was elected a representative from Indiana in the Forty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 18,888 votes against 13,519 for Rev. Lewis Loveless, Re publican. Cobb, Thomas V/., was born in Columbia County, Georgia, in 1784 ; received a liberal educa tion; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Greensborough ; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Fifteenth Con gress ; and was re-elected to the Sixteenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1817, to March 3, 1821; was again elected to the Eighteenth Congress, and, before the expiration of his term, was elected United- States senator in place of Nicholas Ware, deceased, serving from December 6, 1824, to 1828, when he resigned; was chosen a judge of the Superior Court; and died at Greensborough, Georgia, February 1, 1830. Cobb, "Williamson R. W., was born in Ray County, Tennessee, June 8, 1807; was taken by his father in 1809 to Madison County, Alabama, where he received a public-school education ; was a farmer, and dealer in clocks; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1804 and 1805; was elected a representative from Alabama in the Thir tieth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 3,330 votes against 2,747 votes for W. Acklen, and 1,284 votes for H. Pope, both Democrats; was re-elected to the Thirty-first Congress as a Democrat, receiving 4,551 votes against 3,695 votes for J. Clemens; was re- elected to the Thirty-second Congress as a Democrat, receiving 4,908 votes against 1,303 votes for Murphy, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-third Con gress as a Democrat, receiving 4,673 votes against 3,241 votes for C. C. Clay, jun., Democrat; was re- STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 339 elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress a s a Democrat, receiving 1,416 votes against 758 for Adams, anti- Know-Nothing ; was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, without organized opposi tion, and was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Democrat, without organized opposition, serv ing from December 7, 1857, until January 21, 1801, when he resigned, Alabama having seceded; was elected to the Confederate House of Representatives in 180:3, but did not take his seat; and was killed, by the accidental discharge of a pistol in his own hands, in November, 1804. Coburn, John, was born at Indianapolis, In diana, October 27, 1825; received a classical educa tion, graduating at Wabash College in 1840; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1849, and practised at Indianapolis ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1850; was judge of the Court of Common Pleas during 1859, 1800, and 1801, when he resigned, and served in the Union army as colonel of the Thirty-third Indiana Regiment during the war for the suppression of the Rebellion, and was brevetted brigadier-general for gallant and merito rious services; was appointed the first secretary of Montana Territory in March, 1805, but resigned at once ; was elected judge of the fifth judicial circuit of Indiana in October, 1805, and resigned in July, 1800 ; was elected a representative from Indiana in the Fortieth Congress as a Republican, receiving 10,719 votes against 14,245 votes for Lord, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress, receiving 15,715 votes against 14,083 votes for Knightly, Demo crat; was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress, receiving 14,123 votes against 13,707 votes for Cot- trell, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress, receiving 18,794 votes against 18,001 votes for Shelley, Liberal Republican, serving from March 4, 1807, to March 3, 1875; was defeated as the Re publican candidate for the Forty-fourth Congress, receiving 10,411 votes against 16,997 votes for F. Lan ders, Democrat. Coburn, Stephen, was born in Maine ; resided at Skowhegan; was elected a representative from Maine in the Thirty-sixth Congress (in place of Israel Washburn, jun., resigned) as a Republican, serving from January 2, 1801, to March 3, 1861. Cochran, James, was born in North Carolina; received a public-school education; was elected a representative from North Carolina in the Eleventh Congress as a Democrat; and was re-elected to the Twelfth Congress, serving from May 22, 1809, to March 3, 1813. . Cochran, James, was born at Oswego, New York, February 11, 1769; was elected a representa tive from New York in the Fifth Congress, serving from May 15, 1797, to March 3, 1799; was postmaster at Oswego ; and died at Oswego, New York, Novem ber 7, 1848. Cochrane, Alexander G., was born at Alle- ghany City, Pennsylvania, March 20, 1845; was edu cated at the public schools of that city, and at Phillips Academy, Aiidover, Massachusetts ; studied law; graduated at the Columbian Law School in 1804; was admitted to the bar in 1866, and has since prac tised at Alleghany City ; he was elected a representa tive from Pennsylvania in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 5,256 votes against 4,996 votes for Bayne, Republican, and 2,803 votes for A. Purviance, Independent Democrat, serving from December 6, 1875, to March 3, 1877 ; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Forty-fifth Con gress, receiving 8,326 votes against 12,506 votes for Bayne, Republican. Cochrane, Clarke B., was born at New Boston, New Hampshire, May 31, 1815; removed to Mont gomery County, New York, and acquired a classical education by his own exertions, graduating at Union College; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1843 and 1844 ; removed to Schenectady; was an early Free-soil Democrat, supporting Van Buren and Adams in 1848; was elected a representative in the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Republican, receiving 9,719 votes against 6,123 votes for Rossiter, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving 10,581 votes against 9,320 votes for Goodyear, Democrat; feeble health forced him to decline a renomination, and on his recovery he removed to Albany, where he prac tised; was a member of the State House of Repre sentatives in 1866 ; and was a candidate for re-elec tion in 1867, but was defeated ; totally worn out, he took to his bed, and kept it until he died, at Albany, March 5, 1867. Cochrane, John, was born at Palatine, New York, August 27, 1813; received a classical educa tion, graduating at Hamilton College in 1831 ; stud ied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Palatine, but removed to New-York City in 1840; was a "barn-burner Democrat;" sustained the action of the Buffalo Free-soil Convention of 1848; was appointed by President Pierce surveyor of the port of New York 1853-1857 ; was elected a represen tative from New York in the Thirty-fifth Congress as a State-rights Democrat, receiving 7,531 votes against 3,991 votes for Stillman, Republican; and was re- elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving 7,336 votes against 5,520 votes for McCurdy, Union Repub lican, serving from December 7, 1857, to March 3, 1801 ; was a member of the Charleston-Baltimore National Convention ; was not renominated by the Democrats for the Thirty-seventh Congress; entered the Union army in August, 1801, as colonel of the First New- York Chasseurs, which he commanded through the Chickahominy campaign; was promoted brigadier- general July 17, 1862, and commanded a brigade in Couch s division, Army of the Potomac, until he resigned, February 25, 1863; was president of the Cleveland Convention in 1864, which nominated him for vice-president on the ticket with Fremont for president; was attorney-general of the State of New York, 1865 ; was a delegate to the National Republi can Convention at Chicago in 1868; was appointed collector of internal revenue for the sixth district of New York in 1869. Cocke, John (son, of William Cocke), was born at Brunswick, Virginia, in 1772; removed early in life to Tennessee, where he received a public-school edu cation; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice ; was several years a member of the State Senate and House of Representatives; served in the Creek war in 1813 as major-general of Tennessee volunteers, and as colonel of a regiment of Tennessee riflemen under General Jackson at New Orleans ; was elected a representative from Tennessee in the Sixteenth Congress ; was re-elected to the Sev enteenth and Eighteenth Congresses without oppo sition; was re-elected to the Nineteenth Congress, receiving 1,200 majority over Arnold, serving from December 6, 1819, to March 3, 1827 ; engaged in agri cultural pursuits ; and died at Rutledge, Tennessee, February 10, 1854. Cocke, William, (father of John Cocke), was born in Virginia; received an English education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised; was a member of the State House of Representatives, and a colonel of militia; removed to Tennessee; was colonel, and subsequently brigadier-general, of mi litia ; was a member of the State House of Represen tatives in 1813; was appointed a judge of the Circuit Court ; was elected a senator from Tennessee, serving from December 5, 1790, to March 3, 1805 ; was ap pointed by President Madison Indian agent for the Chickasaw Nation in 1814. Cocke, William M., was born in Tennessee; re sided at Rutledge ; was elected a representative from Tennessee in the Twenty-ninth Congress as a Whig, receiving 2,481 majority; and was re-elected to the Thirtieth Congress, serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1849; was defeated as a Whig candidate 340 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. for the Thirty-first Congress, receiving 4,968 votes against 8,026 votes for Albert G. Watkins, also a Whig. Cockerill, Joseph R., was born in Virginia; re moved to Ohio; received a public-school education; held several local offices at West Union; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirty-fifth Con gress as a Democrat, receiving 8,603 votes against 7,460 votes for Emrie, Republican, and serving from December 7, 1857, to March 3, 1859; and died at West Union, Ohio, October 25, 1875. Cockrell, Francis Marion, was born in John son County, Missouri, October 1, 1834; received his early education in the common schools of his coun ty; graduated from Chapel-hill College, Lafayette County, Missouri, in July, 1853; studied law; was ad mitted to the bar, and practised at Warrcnsburg; served in the Confederate army; was appointed brig adier-general February 23, 1863, and commanded a Missouri brigade in Bowen s division, Army of the West; never held any public office prior to his elec tion to Congress; was elected United-States senator from Missouri as a Democrat to succeed Carl Schurz, Independent Republican, and took his scat March 4, 1875. Coffin, Charles D., studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at New Lebanon, Ohio; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Twenty-fifth Congress, (in place of Andrew W. Loomis, resigned) as a Whig, receiving 99 majority, and serving from December 20, 1837, to March 3, 1839; removed to Cincinnati, and practised there. Coffin, Peleg, jun., was born in Massachusetts in September, 1756; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Third Congress, serving from December 2, 1793, to March 3, 1795 ; was State treasurer of Massachusetts 1797-1802 ; died March 6, 1805. Cof froth, Alexander H., was born at Somer set, Pennsylvania, May 18, 1828; received a public- school education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1851, and commenced practice at Somerset; was a delegate to the National Democratic Conven tion at Charleston in 1860; was elected a representa tive from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 10,966 votes against 10,426 votes for McPherson, Union Republican, serving from December 7, 1863, to March 3, 1865; claimed to have been re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, and served from February 19, 1866, to July 18, 1866, when the House gave the seat to William H. Koontz, Union Republican, as having received 11,242 votes against 11, 174 votes for Coffroth; was appointed an assessor of internal revenue in 1867. Coghlan, John M., was born at Louisville, Kentucky, December 8, 1835; removed to Illinois with his parents in 1847, and in 1850 emigrated to California; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Suisun City; was a member of the California legislature in 1865-1866; and was elected a representative from California in the Forty-second Congress as a Republican, receiving 18,504 votes against 17,303 votes for G. Pearce, Democrat, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1873. Coit, Joshua, was born at New London, Con necticut, October 7, 1758; received a classical educa tion, graduating at Harvard College in 1776; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice at New London in 1779; was for several years a member of the State House of Representatives ; was elected a representative from Connecticut in the Third Congress; was re-elected to the Fourth and Fifth Congresses, serving from December 2, 1793, to Sep tember 5, 1798; when he died, at New London, Con necticut, of yellow fever. Coke, Richard, jun., was born in Virginia; re ceived a classical education; studied law; was admit ted to the bar, and commenced practice at Abington ; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Twenty-first Congress as a Jackson Democrat; and was re-elected to the Twenty-second Congress without opposition, serving from December 7, 1829, to March, 2, 1833; died at Abington, Virginia, March 30, 1851. Coke, Richard, Avas born at Williamsburg, Vir ginia, March 13, 1829; was educated at William and Mary College; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and removed to Waco, Texas, where he has since practised ; served in the Confederate army as private, and afterwards as captain; was appointed district judge in June, 1865; was elected judge of the State Supreme Court in 1866, and, after having held the position for one year, was removed by General Sheri dan as " an impediment to reconstruction ; " resumed the practice of law; was elected governor of Texas in December, 1873, by a majority of 50,000, and was re-elected in February, 1876, by a majority of 102,000, resigning December 1, 1877, after having been elected to the United-States Senate from Texas as a Demo crat to succeed Morgan C. Hamilton, Republican, and served from March 4, 1877. Colcock, William F., was born in South Caro lina; received a classical education, graduating at the South-Carolina College in 1823; studied law; was ad mitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Gra- hamville, South Carolina; was several years a mem ber of the State House of Representatives, and two years speaker of the House; was elected a repre sentative from South Carolina in the Thirty-first Congress; and was re-elected to the Thirty-second Congress, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1853. Golden, Cadwallader David, was born at Flushing, New York, April 4, 1759 ; received a classi cal education, which was completed at London; re turned to the United States; studied law; was ad mitted to the bar in 1791, and commenced practice at New York; removed in 1793 to Poughkccpsic, where he remained a few years, and then located in New- York City; was appointed State district-attorney 1810; was a colonel of volunteers in 1812; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1818 ; was mayor of the city of New York in 1819 ; was grand warden of the Grand Lodge of Masons of the State of New York in 1820 ; was elected a repre sentative from New York in the Seventeenth Con gress, having successfully contested the election of Peter Sharpe, and serving from December 12, 1821, to March 3, 1823; was a member of the State Senate 1824-1827; and died at Jersey City, New Jersey, February 7, 1834. Published "The Life of Robert Fulton" in 1817, and a "Memoir of the Erie Canal" in 1826, with several pamphlets on internal improve ments and the reformation of juvenile criminals. Cole, Cornelius, was born at Lodi, New York, September 17, 1822; graduated at the Wesleyan Uni versity, Connecticut; studied law in the office of William H. Seward, and was admitted to. the bar; crossed the plains to California in 1849, and, after working a year in the gold-mines, commenced prac tice; was district-attorney of Sacramento City and County from 1859 to 1862; was a member of the National Republican Committee from 1856 to 1860; removed to Santa Cruz; was a representative from California in the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Union Republican, serving from December 7, 1863, to March 3, 1865; was elected United-States senator to suc- eed James A. McDougall, Democrat, serving from March 4, 1867, to March 3, 1873. Cole, George E., was born in Oncida County, New York, December 23, 1826; received a public- school education ; removed to Iowa in 1849 ; crossed the plains to California, and went thence to Oregon; was a member of the Oregon House of Representa tives 1851-1853; was clerk of the United-States Court for the District of Oregon 1859, 1860; removed to Washington Territory in 1861 ; was elected a delegate from Washington Territory in the Thirty-eighth Con- ress as a Democrat, serving from December 7, 1863^ to March 3, 1865. Cole, Orsamus, was born in New York; re- STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 341 ceived a liberal education ; studied law; was admit ted to the bar, and commenced practice at Potosi, Wisconsin; was appointed United-States judge for Wisconsin Territory; was elected a representative from Wisconsin in the Thirty-first Congress as a Re- publican, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1851 ; was elected judge of the State Supreme Court in 1855, receiving upwards of 7,000 majority over Judge Crawford. Coleman, Nicholas D., was born at Maysville, Kentucky, in 1800; received a classical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and com menced practice ; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Twenty-first Congress as a Jackson Democrat, serving from December 7, 1829, to March 3, 1S31; removed to Vicksburg, Mississippi, where he resumed practice ; was postmaster at Vicksburg 1841- 1844; died at Vicksburg, Mississippi, May 11, 1874. Coles, Isaac, was born in Virginia; received a liberal education ; was elected a representative from Virginia in the First Congress as a Democrat, serving from March 4, 1789, to March 3, 1791; was again elected to the Third Congress ; and was re-elected to the Fourth Congress, serving from December 2, 1793, to March 3, 1797. Coles, "Walter, was born in Pittsylvania County, Virginia, in 1789; received an English education; en gaged in agricultural pursuits ; was for many years justice of the peace; served in the United-States array, during the war with Great Britain of 1812, as captain of riflemen, on the Northern frontier; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1833 and 1834; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Twenty-fourth Congress as a Demo crat, defeating Davenport, Federalist; was re-elected to the Twenty-fifth Congress, defeating John Kerr, Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-sixth Congress, receiving 1,564 votes against 1,405 votes for Witcher, Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-seventh Con gress, defeating Witcher, Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-eighth Congress, receiving 2,017 votes against -1,911 votes for George II. Gilmer, Whig, serving from December 7, 1835, to March 3, 1845; declined a re-election; and died at his residence, near Roberson s store, Virginia, after an illness of four days, November 9, 1857. Colfax, Schuyler, was born at New-York City March 23, 1823; received a common-school educa tion ; in 1845 he became the proprietor and editor of "The Register," at South Bend, Indiana, which he published for eighteen years; was elected in 1850 a delegate from St. Joseph County to the convention that framed the Constitution of Indiana; was elected a representative from Indiana as a Republican in the Thirty-fourth Congress, receiving 9,989 votes against 8,223 votes for Eddy, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving 12,920 votes against 11,890 votes i or Stuart, Democrat; was re- elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving 14,541 votes against 12,610 votes for John C. Walker, Demo crat; was re-elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress, receiving 1(5,860 votes against 13,458 votes for C. W. Cathcart, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty- eighth Congress, receiving 14,775 votes against 14,545 votes for D. Turpie, Democrat ; was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiving 16,658 votes against 14,978 votes for D. Turpie, Democrat; and re-elected to the Fortieth Congress as a Republican, receiving 20,221 votes against 18,073 votes for Turpie, Demo crat. He was speaker of the House of Representa tives in the Thirty-eighth, Thirty-ninth, and Forti eth Congresses, serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1869; was elected vice-president of the United States on the ticket with General Grant, and served from March 4, 1809, to March 3, 1873 ; became vice-president of a manufacturing company at South Bend, Indiana, and delivered public lectures to large audiences in every section of the Union. Collamer, Jacob, was born at Troy, New York, in 1792; removed with his father to Burlington, Ver mont; received a classical education, graduating at the University of Vermont in 1810; served as a sub altern in the war of 1812; studieil law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Woodstock, Vermont, from 1813 to 1833, serving several years in the State House of Representatives ; was a judge of the Supe rior Court of Vermont from 1833 to 1842; was elected a representative from Vermont in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Whig, receiving on the second trial 4,866 votes against 4,207 votes for Ransom, Demo crat, and others ; was re-elected to the Twenty-ninth Congress, receiving 659 majority; and was re-elected to the Thirtieth Congress on the second trial, receiv ing 5,457 votes against 3,854 votes for Henry and some scattering, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1849 ; was appointed postmaster-general by President Taylor, serving from March 7, 1849, to July 20, 1850 ; was again judge of the Superior Court of Vermont from November 8, 1850, to October 3, 1854; was elected a senator from Vermont as a Repub lican, serving from December 3, 1855, until his death, at Woodstock, Vermont, November 9, 1865. Collier, John A., was born in Broome County, New York, in 1787; located at Binghamton; was elected a representative from New York in the Twen ty-second Congress as a Clay Democrat, serving from December 5, 1831, to March 2, 1833; and died at Binghamton, New York, March 24, 1873. Collin, John P., was born at Hillsdale, New York, April 30, 1802; received a public-school educa tion; was a practical farmer; was a member of the State legislature in 1834 ; was for some years a super visor of Columbia County ; was elected a representa tive from New York in the Twenty-ninth Congress, serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1847; died at Hillsdale, New York. Collins, Ela (father of William Collins), was born at Meriden, Connecticut, February 14, 1786; re ceived a liberal education ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Lowville, New York; was district-attorney of Lewis County, 1819-1840 ; served in the war of 1812 as colonel of an infantry regiment of militia; was a member of the State House of Representatives, and was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention in 1821 ; was elected a representative from New York in the Eigh teenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1823, to March 3, 1825; devoted the closing years of his life to agricultural pursuits ; and died at Lowville, New York, November 23, 1848. Collins, Francis D., was born at Saugerties, New York, March 5, 1844 ; was educated at St. Jo seph s College, in Susquchanna County, and Wyoming Seminary, at Kingston, Pennsylvania; studied law; was admitted to the bar of Luzerne County in 1866, and practised at Scran ton, Pennsylvania; was elected district-attorney of the Scranton mayor s court dis trict in 1869; was elected to the State Senate of Pennsylvania in 1872, 1873, and 1874; and was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Forty- fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 12,980 votes against 5,846 votes for Alexander II. Butler, Repub lican ; was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, re ceiving 18,548 votes against 10,171 votes for David J. Waller, Republican. Collins, John, was born at Newport, Rhode Island, June 8, 1717; was an active champion of independence; was a delegate from Rhode Island to the Continental Congress 1778-1783; was governor of Rhode Island 1786-1789 ; was elected a representa tive from Rhode Island in the First Congress, but did not take his seat; and died at Newport, Rhode Island, March 8, 1795. Collins, W^illiam (son of Ela Collins), was born in Oneida County, New York; received a liberal education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Lowville, New York; was district-attorney for Lewis County 1845-1846, was elected a representative from New York in the Thirtieth Congress as a Democrat, serving from De 342 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. cember 6, 1847, to March 3, 1849; removed to Cleve land, Ohio. Colquitt, Alfred H. (son of Walter T. Col- qnitt), was born in Georgia in 1823; received a clas sical education, graduating at Princeton College in 1844; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Thirty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving (5,795 vote s against 0,"249 votes for Johnson, Whig, and serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855; was an elector on the Breckinridge and Lane ticket in 1860 ; was appointed brigadier-general in the Con federate army September 30, 1802, and placed in command of a brigade composed of the Sixth, Nine teenth, Twenty-third, Twenty-seventh, and Twenty- eighth Georgia Infantry, in Hill s division, Jackson s corps, Lee s army of Northern Virginia; was in com mand at the battle of Olustee, where he distinguished himself; engaged in the insurance business after the war; was prominently connected with the Patrons of Husbandry; was elected governor of Georgia in 1870 as a Democrat, receiving 109,811 votes against 34,110 votes for Norcross, Republican. Colquitt, Walter T. (father of Alfred H. Col quitt), was born in Halifax County, Virginia, De cember 27, 1799, but was taken by his parents to Georgia a few years afterwards; received a classi cal education, which was completed at Princeton College, but did not graduate; studied law under Colonel Rockwell at Milledgeville; was admitted to the bar in 1820, and commenced practice at Sparta, Georgia; removed soon afterwards to Cowpens; was elected brigadier-general of militia by the legislature in 1820 ; was defeated as the Troup candidate for the Twentieth Congress by Lumpkin, the Clark candi date, who was elected by 32 majority; was elected judge of the Chattahoochee circuit in 1820, and re- elected in 1829; was licensed as a Methodist-Episco pal preacher in 1827; was a State senator in 1834 and 1837 ; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Twenty-sixth Congress as a State-rights Whig, but refused to support General Harrison for president, and resigned, serving from December 2, 1839, to July 21, 1840; was again elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress as a Van Buren Democrat ; and was re-elected to the Twenty-eighth Congress, serving from February 1, 1842, to March 3, 1843; was elected United-States senator, and served from December 4, 1843, until he resigned in 1848 ; was a member of the Nashville Convention of 1850 ; and died at Macon, Georgia, while on his way to the mineral springs of East Tennessee for his health, May 7, 1855. Colston, Edward, was born in Berkeley Coun ty, Virginia, in 1788; received a classical education, graduating at Princeton College in 1800 ; was several years a member of the State House of Representa tives, and high sheriff of Berkeley County; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Fifteenth Congress as a Federalist, defeating Robert Bailey and Daniel Morgan, and serving from December 1, 1817, to March 3, 1819 ; was defeated as the Federal candidate for the Sixteenth Congress by Thomas Van Swearingen ; died in Berkeley County, Virginia, April 23, 1851. Comegys, Joseph P., was born at Cherbourg, Delaware, December 29, 1813; received an academic education; studied law with John M. Clayton; was admitted to the bar in 1835, and commenced prac tice ; was a member of the State House of Represen tatives in 1841 and 1848 ; was appointed in 1851 one of the three commissioners to revise the State laws ; was appointed United-States senator to fill the va cancy caused by the death of John M. Clayton, and served from December 4, 1850, to March 3, 1857; was a delegate to the National Union Convention at Phil adelphia in 1800. Comingo, Abram, was born in Mercer County, Kentucky, January 9, 1820; received a liberal English education; studied law, and was admitted to the bar iu 1817; removed to Missouri in 1S48; was elected a member of the Missouri State Convention in Febru ary, 1801 ; was appointed provost-marshal of the sixth district of Missouri in May, 1803; was elected a rep resentative from Missouri in the Forty-second Con gress as a Democrat, receiving 12,052 votes against 8,597 votes for G. Smith, Republican; and was re- elected to the Forty-third Congress, receiving 13,235 votes against 7,317 votes for D. S. Twichell, "Repub lican, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1875. Comins, Linus B., was born at Charlton, Mas sachusetts, in 1817; received a business education, graduating at the Worcester-county Manual-labor High School; engaged in mercantile pursuits and manufacturing at Roxbury, Massachusetts; was a member of the Roxbury city council in 1840, 1847, and 1848, serving the two last years as president; was mayor of Roxbury in 1854; was elected a repre sentative from Massachusetts in the Thirty-fourth Congress as an American, receiving 4,972 votes against 2,770 votes for S. H. Walley, Whig, and 926 votes for Spinney, Democrat ; and was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Republican, receiving 5,188 votes against 4,431 votes for C. G. Greene, Democrat, and 1,078 votes for B. F. Cook, American, serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1859. Comstock, Oliver C., was born in Oswego County, New York, in 1784; received an academic education, and commenced the study of theology, but relinquished it for medicine; was licensed, and practised at Trumansburgh, New York; was a mem ber of the State House of Representatives 1810-1812; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirteenth Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Congresses, serving from May 24, 1813, to March 3, 1819 ; abandoned the practice of medicine, and was ordained as a clergy man of the Baptist Church; was chaplain of the United-States House of Representatives; and died at Marshall, Michigan, January 11, 1800. Condict, John, was born in 1755; received a public-school education ; served in the Revolutionary war as surgeon ; was several years a member of the State House of Representatives ; was elected a repre sentative from New Jersey in the Sixth Congress as a Democrat; and was re-elected to the Seventh Con gress, serving from December 2, 1799, to March 3, 1803 ; was elected a senator from New Jersey, serving from October 17, 1803, to March 3, 1817; died at Orange, New Jersey, May 4, 1834. Condict, Lewis, was born at Morristown, New Jersey, March, 1773; received a liberal education; studied medicine ; was licensed to practise, and locat ed at Morristown ; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1805-1810, serving the last two years as speaker ; was a member of the commission for adjusting the boundary between New York and New Jersey in 1807; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Twelfth Congress as a Whig; was re-elected to the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Congresses, serving from November 4, 1811, to March 3, 1817; was again elected to the Seventeenth Con gress; was re-elected to the Eighteenth, Nineteenth, Twentieth (receiving 5,000 majority), Twenty-first, and Twenty-second Congresses, serving from Decem ber 3, 1821, to March 2, 1833; declined a re-election; was a presidential elector on the Harrison and Tyler ticket in 1840; and died at Morristown, New Jersey, May 20, 1802. Condict, Silas (father of Silas Condict), was born in New Jersey, and was a delegate from that State to the Continental Congress 1781-1784. Condict, Silas (son of Silas Condict), was born at Newark, New Jersey, in 1777; received a classical education, graduating at Princeton College in 1795; was several years a member of the State House of Representatives; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Twenty-second Congress as a Clay Democrat, serving from Decembers, 1831, to March 2, 1833 ; was defeated as the Clay candidate for the Twenty-third Congress, receiving 23,780 votes against STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 343 24,278 votes for F. S. Schenck, Jackson Democrat; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention of 1844 ; was for several years president of the Newark Banking Company ; and died at Newark, New Jersey, November 29, 1861. Conger, Harmon S., was born in Connecticut; removed to Cortland, New York; held several local offices; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirtieth Congress as a Whig; and was re- elected to the Thirty-first Congress, receiving 0,732 votes against 5,747 votes for Ballard, Van Buren Democrat, and 1,870 for Hyde, Cass Democrat, serv ing from December 6, 1847, to March 3, 1851. Conger, James L., was born in New Jersey; removed to Mount Pleasant, Michigan; was elected a representative from Michigan in the Thirty-second Congress as a Free-soil Whig, receiving 8,023 votes against 8,427 votes for Hascall, Democrat, and serv ing from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1853. Conger, Omar D., was born in 1818 at Coopers- town, New York; removed with his father, Rev. E. Conger, to Huron County, Ohio, in 1824 ; pursued his academic studies at Huron Institute, Milan, Ohio, and graduated in 1842 at Western Reserve College ; was employed in the geological survey and mineral explo rations of the Lake-Superior copper and iron regions in 1845, 1840, 1847 ; and in 1848 engaged in the prac tice of law at Port Huron, Michigan, where he has since resided; was elected judge of the Saint Clair County Court in 1850, and senator in the Michigan legislature for the biennial terms of 1855, 1857, and 1859, and was elected president pro tern, of the Senate in 1859; was elected in 1800 a member of the Consti tutional Convention of Michigan ; was a presidential elector on the Republican ticket in 1804; was elected a representative from Michigan in the Forty-first Congress as a Republican, receiving 10,347 votes against 14,023 votes for Stout, Democrat; was re- elected to the Forty-second Congress, receiving 13,782 votes against 13,593 votes for B. G. Stout, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress, receiving 12,037 votes against 7,79!) votes for Richardson, Demo crat; and was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Congress, receiving 10,185 votes against 8,203 Votes for E. M. Goodrich, Democrat, and 107 votes for H. Fish, Tem perance ; was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 15,818 votes against 13,177 votes for Chad- wick, Democrat, and 239 votes for Henry Whiting, Greenback candidate, serving from March 4, 1809. Conkling, Alfred (father of Alfred and Fred erick Conkling), was born at East Hampton, New York, October 12, 1789; received a classical educa tion, graduating at Union College; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1812, and commenced practice at Canajoharie ; was district-attorney for Montgom ery County for two years ; was elected a representa tive from New York in the Seventeenth Congress as an anti-Jackson Democrat, serving from December 3, 1821, to March 3, 1823; removed to Albany; was ap pointed by President Adams United-States district judge for the northern district of New York, serving from 1825 to 1852 ; was appointed by President Fillmore minister to Mexico, serving from August 0, 1852, to August 17, 1853; located on his return at Genesec, New York, where he devoted himself to literary pur suits, including the revision of later editions of his law-books; and died at Utica February 5, 1874. He published " Conkling s Treatise," " Colliding s Ad miralty," "The Powers of the Executive Depart ments of the United States," and "The Young Citizen s Manual." Conkling, Frederick Augustus (son of Alfred Conkling), was born at Canajoharie, New York, August 22, 181(5; received an academical edu cation, including the Latin and Greek classics, at the Albany Academy; was clerk to a mercantile firm at Albany at the age of sixteen; entered the dry-goods house of J. W. & R. Leavitt, at New- York City, in 1835, and remained there seven years; became a partner in the firm of Mygate & Conkling in 1842, and of the firm of Conkling, Barnes, & Shepard, 1850-1858; was a member of the State House of Assembly in 1853, 1858, and 1859; organized in June, 1800, at his own expense, the Eighty-fourth Regi ment of the National Guard of the State of New York, and was its colonel ; it was ordered to the seat of war July 3, 1803, and did duty one month as provost- guard at Baltimore ; in July, 1804, it was again mus tered into the service of the United States for one hundred days, and placed on picket-duty in Virginia and West Virginia, receiving high praise for effi ciency ; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-seventh Congress as a Republican, re ceiving 0,530 votes against 0,300 for John Cochran, Breckinridge Democrat, and 5,724 votes for J. W. Chanler, Douglas Democrat, and serving from July 4, 1801, to March 3, 1803; was the Republican candi date for mayor of the city of New York in 1808. Conkling, Roscoe, was born at Albany, New York, October 30, 1829 ; received an academic educa tion; studied and practised law; removed to Utica in 1840; was district-attorney for On eida County in 1850; was elected mayor of Utica in 1858 ; was a representa tive from New York in the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Republican, receiving 11,084 votes against 8,251 votes for Root, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty -seventh Congress, receiving 12,530 votes against 8,973 votes for Grove, Democrat; was re- elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiving 11,900 votes against 10,810 votes for Francis Kernan, Demo crat; was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, receiv ing 12,470 votes against 11,053 votes for Palmer V. Kellogg; but was immediately afterwards elected to the Senate of the United States as a Union Republi can to succeed Ira Harris, Republican ; took his seat in the Senate in March, 1807; and was re-elected, taking his seat March 4, 1873. His term of congres sional service was commenced December 5, 1859. Conner, Henry "W., was born in Prince George County, Virginia, in August, 1793; received a classi cal education, graduating at the University of South Carolina in 1812 ; served as aide-de-camp to Brigadier- General Joseph Graham in the expedition against the Creek Indians in 1814; settled in Catawba County, North Carolina; was defeated as a Democratic can didate for the Sixteenth Congress, receiving 078 votes against 1,708 votes for William Davidson; was elected a representative from North Carolina in the Seven teenth Congress as a Democrat of the Macon school, defeating W. Davidson; and continuously re-elected until the Twenty-sixth Congress, serving from De cember 3, 1821, until March 3, 1841, when he declined a re-election; was a member of the State Senate in 1848, after which he declined all offers of public office; he died in Catawba County, North Carolina, January 15, 1800. Conner, John C., was born at Noblesville, In diana, October 27, 1842; was educated at Wabash College, Indiana; entered the Union army in 1802 as a lieutenant in the Sixty-third Indiana Volunteers, and served until the close of the war; was an unsuc cessful candidate for the legislature of Indiana on the National Union ticket in 1800; upon there-or ganization of the army in the fall of 1800, was ap pointed a captain in the Forty-first Infantry, and served in Texas until nominated for Congress; was electe d a representative from Texas in the Forty- first Congress as a Democrat, receiving 0,738 votes against 4,355 votes for Grafton, Republican, 3,540 votes for Johnson, Republican, and 994 votes for Taylor, Republican; and was re-elected to the Forty- second Congress, receiving 18,285 votes against 5,948 votes for Bryant, Republican, serving from March 4, 18(50, to March 3, 1873. Conner, Samuel S., was born in New Hamp shire; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1800; served in the war of 1812 as major of the Twenty-first Infantry, and lieutenant- colonel of the Thirteenth Infantry, resigning July 14, 1814; was elected a representative from Massachu- 344 CONGRESSIONAL DIEECTOEY. setts in the Fourteenth Congress, serving from De- Conness, John, was born in Ireland, September 20, 1821, and immigrated to the United States when a lad; learned the trade of pianoforte-making, and worked at it in New York; was one of the California pioneers, interested in the mines, and afterwards in mercantile pursuits; was a member of - the California legislature in 1853-1854, and in 1860-1801 ; was elected United-States senator from California as a Union Ee publican to succeed Milton S. Latham, Democrat, and served from March 4, 18613, to March 4, 1869; re sided in Massachusetts after his senatorial term. Conover, Simon B., was born in Middlesex County, New Jersey, September 23, 1840; received a liberal preliminary education, and was graduated as a doctor of medicine in 1863; was soon afterward ap pointed assistant surgeon in the Army of the Cum berland, and stationed at Nashville, Tennessee; after several promotions in the medical corps of the army, he was ordered to Lake City, Florida, in 1866, and shortly afterward resigned his commission; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention in 1868; was appointed State treasurer by Governor Reed; was a member of the Chicago Convention which nominated General Grant in 1868. and was at that time appointed a member of the National Ee- publican Committee; was also a member of the State Executive Republican Committee of Florida; on retiring from the position of State treasurer at the expiration of his term of oflice, he was elected a member of the State House of Representatives, and was chosen to preside over that body; was elected United-States senator from Florida as a Republican in place of T. W. Osborn, Republican, and took his seat March 4, 1873. Conrad, Charles M., was born at Winchester, Virginia, about 1804; was taken by his father when a, child to Mississippi, and thence to Louisiana; re ceived a liberal education ; studied law; was admit ted to the bar in 1828, and practised at New Orleans; served several years in the State House of Repre sentatives; was elected United-States senator from Louisiana as a Whig, in place of Alexander Mouton, resigned, serving from April 14, 1842, to March 3, 1843 ; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Con vention in 1844; was elected a representative from Louisiana in the Thirty-first Congress as a Whig, receiving 5,259 votes against 4,022 votes for Bcatty, Democrat, and serving from December 3, 1849, to August 17, 1850, when he resigned; was appointed secretary of war by President Fillmore, serving from August 13, 1850, to March 7, 1853; was a deputy from Louisiana in the Montgomery Provisional Congress of 1861 ; was a representative from Louisiana in the First and Second Confederate Congresses 1862-1864 ; and died at New Orleans February 12, 1878. Conrad, Frederick, was elected a representa tive from Pennsylvania in the Eighth Congress; and was re-elected to the Ninth Congress, serving from October 17, 1803, to March 3, 1807. Conrad, John, was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirteenth Congress, serving from May 24, 1813, to March 2, 1815. Constable, Albert, was born in Maryland ; re ceived a liberal education; studied law; was admit ted to the bar, and commenced practice at Perryville, Maryland ; was elected a representative from Mary land in the Twenty-ninth Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1847; was elected judge of the Circuit Court of Maryland in 1851 ; and died at Camden, New Jersey, September 18, 1855. ^Contee, Benjamin, was born in Maryland in 1755; received a liberal education; studied theology, and became a clergyman of the Protestant-Episcopal Church ; was a delegate from Maryland in the Conti nental Congress 1787-1788; was elected a represen tative from Maryland in the First Congress, serving from March 4, 1789, to March 3, 1791; was presiding judge of the Charles-county Testamentary Court; and died in Charles County, Maryland, November 3, 1815. Conway, Henry Wharton, was born in Greene County, Tennessee; received a public-school education; removed to Arkansas, and was elected a delegate from that Territory in the Eighteenth Con gress, receiving 370 majority over William Bradford ; was re-elected to the Nineteenth Congress, receiving 2,575 votes against 519 votes for Bates, and serving from December 3, 1823, to March 3, 1827. Conway, Martin P., was born at Charleston, South Carolina, in 1830; received an academic edu cation; removed to Baltimore in 1844; learned the art of printing, and was one of the founders of the National Typographical Union; studied law; was ad mitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Balti more ; removed to Kansas in 1854 ; was a member of the first legislative council; was chosen chief justice of the Supreme Court under the Topcka Constitution ; was president of the Leavenworth Constitutional Convention ; was elected a representative from Kansas in the Thirty-seventh Congress as a Republican, serv ing from July 4, 1861, to March 3, 1863 ; was appointed United-States consul; returned to the United States, and resided at Washington City, devoting himself to literary pursuits. Cook, Burton C., was horn in Monroe County, New York, May 11, 1819; was educated at the Colle giate Institute, Rochester; studied law; removed to Ottawa County, Illinois, in 1835; commenced the practice of law in 1840; was elected in 1846, by the legislature, State attorney for the ninth judicial district for two years, and was re-elected by the people in 1848 for four years ; was a member of the State Senate of Illinois from 1852 to 1860; was a member of the Peace Conference which met at Washington in 1861 ; was elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress from Illinois as a Republican, receiving 15,598 votes against 9,980 votes for S. C. Casey, Democrat; was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, receiving 15,0i5 votes against 7,721 votes for Harris, Democrat ; and was re-elected to the Forty-first Con gress, receiving 19,607 votes against 11,946 votes for Gray, Democrat, and serving from December 4, 1865, to March 3, 1869. Cook, Daniel P. (a son-in-law of Ninian Ed wards), was born in Scott County, Kentucky, in 1795; received 1i classical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar; commenced practice at Kaskaskia, and then removed to Edwardsville ; was elected a representative from Illinois in the Sixteenth Congress; was re-elected to the Seventeenth Con gress, defeating Elias K. Kane ; was re-elected to the Eighteenth Congress, receiving 4,764 votes against 3,811 votes for John McLean; was re-elected to the Nineteenth Congress, and served from December 6, 1819, to March 3, 1827 ; was defeated as a candidate for re-election to the Twentieth Congress, receiving 1,660 votes against 2,201 votes for Joseph Duncan; and died at Edwardsville, Illinois, October 16, 1827. Cook, John P., was born in New York; re moved to Davenport, Iowa; was elected a represen tative from Iowa in the Thirty-third Congress as a Whig, receiving 7,773 votes against 7,193 votes for Clark, Democrat, and serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855. Cook, Orchard, was born in that portion of Massachusetts which became the State of Maine; received a public-school education ; engaged in mer cantile pursuits ; was high sheriff of Lincoln County; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Ninth Congress; was re-electexl to the Tenth and Eleventh Congresses, serving from December 2, 1805, to March 3. 1811. Cook, Philip, was born in Twiggs County, Georgia, July 31, 1817; was partially educated at Oglethorpe University, Georgia ; read law at the STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 345 University of Virginia, and practised at Americus, Georgia ; was elected to the State Senate of Georgia in 1859, 1860, and 1863 ; was elected a member of the State Convention of 1865 called by President John son ; entered the Confederate service in. April, 1861, as a private ; was commissioned first lieutenant, lieuten ant-colonel, colonel, and in August, 1863, brigadier- general; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Thirty-ninth Congress as a Democrat, but was not allowed to take his seat; was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress, receiving 6,145 votes against 4,490 votes for J. Brown, Republican; and was re- elected to the Forty-fourth Congress, receiving 8,677 votes against 4,199 votes for John Brown, Republi can; was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, re ceiving 10,684 votes against 4,280 votes for Pierce, Republican, serving from December 1, 1873. Cook, Thomas B., resided at Catskill, New York; was elected a representative from that State in the Twelfth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 243 ma jority, and serving from November 4, 1811, to March 3, 1813 ; was a member of the State House of Repre sentatives in 1838 and 1839. Cook, Zadock, was born in Georgia in 1769; was several years a member of the State House of Representatives; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Fourteenth Congress in place of Alfred Cuthbert, resigned ; and was re-elected to the Fifteenth Congress, serving from January 23, 1817, to March 3, 1819. Cooke, Bates, was born in Niagara County, New York ; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-second Congress as an anti- Mason, serving from December 5, 1831, to March 2, 1833; was comptroller of the State of New York from February 4, 1839 ; and was bank commissioner from May 14, 1840, until his death, at Lewiston, New York, early in 1841. Cooke, Eleutheros, was born at Granvillc, New York, December 25, 1787; received a liberal education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at GranviLle, removing soon afterwards to Sandusky, Ohio; was several years a member of the State House of Representatives; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Twenty- Second Congress, serving from December 5, 1831, to March 2, 1833; was again a member of the State House of Representatives; and died at Sandusky, Ohio, December 28, 1864. Cooke, Joseph Platt, was born at Danbury, Connecticut, in 1730 ; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1750; was a delegate from Connecticut to the Continental Congress 1784- 1788; and died at Danbury, Connecticut, August 14. 1816. Cooper, Edmund, was born at Franklin, Ten nessee, September 11, 1821; received a classical education, graduating at Jackson College in 1839; studied law at Harvard College ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Bedford County, Tennessee; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1849; was elected a Union dele gate to the State Constitutional Convention of 1861 ; was again elected to the State House of Representa tives in 1865, but resigned when he was elected a representative from Tennessee in the Thirty-ninth Congress as a Conservative, receiving 7,864 votes against 224 votes for R. Mullins, and serving from July 25, 1866, to March 3, 1867; was appointed by President Johnson assistant secretary of the treasury November 20, 1867, serving until March 20, 1869. Cooper, George B., was born at Long Hill, New Jersey, June 0, 1808 ; received a public-school education ; removed to Michigan in 1830, and engaged in mercantile pursuits at Jackson ; was postmaster at Jackson for eleven years; was State treasurer of Michigan two years; was several years a member of the State Senate and House of Representatives; claimed to have been elected a representative from Michigan in the Thirty-sixth Congress, but the House decided that he had received but 12,173 legal votes, while William A. Howard had receiA r ed 12,687 legal votes ; so the seat was awarded to Howard, Mr. Cooper serving from December 5, 1859, to May 15, 1860. Cooper, Henry, was born at Columbia, Tennes see, August 22, 1827 ; received a classical education, graduating at Jackson College August 11, 1847 ; studied law; was admitted to the bar August 22, 1849, and commenced practice at Shelbyville Janu ary 1, 1850; was elected to the State legislature of Tennessee in 1853, and again in 1857; was appointed, in April, 1862, judge of the seventh judicial circuit of Tennessee, and resigned in January, 1866; was chosen professor in the Law School at Lebanon, Tennessee, September 1, 1866, and resigned in June, 1867, when he removed to Nashville, and resumed the practice of law; was elected to the State Senate of Tennessee in 1869 and 1870 ; was elected United- States senator from Tennessee as a Democrat (de feating Andrew Johnson, Democrat) to succeed Jo seph S. Fowler, Union Republican, and served from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1877. Cooper, James, was born in Frederick County, Maryland, May 8, 1810; received a classical educa tion, graduating at Washington College; studied law with Thaddeus Stevens ; was admitted to the bar in 1834, and commenced practice at Gettysburg, Penn sylvania; was elected a representative from Pennsyl vania in the Twenty-sixth Congress as a Whig; and was re-elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress, re ceiving 5,716 votes against 4,503 votes for Daniel Sheffer, Democrat, serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1843; was a member of the State legis lature in 1843, 1844, 1846, and 1848, serving as speaker in 1847; travelled in Europe; was made attorney- general of Pennsylvania in 1848 ; was elected United- States senator from Pennsylvania as a Whig, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1855; removed to Philadelphia; was authorized by President Lin coln to raise a brigade of loyal Marylanders, and was commissioned brigadier-general in May, 1861 ; served in West Virginia under General Fremont ; was ap pointed commandant at Camp Chase, near Cincin nati, and died there March 1, 1863. Cooper, John, was born in New Jersey, and was a delegate from that State to the Continental Congress in 1776. Cooper, Mark A., was born in Georgia; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice at Columbus ; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Twenty-sixth Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 2, 1849, to March 3, 1851 ; was again elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress, serv ing from February 1, 1842, to March 3, 1843; was re- elected to the Twenty-eighth Congress, receiving 35,451 votes against 33,483 votes for Richard W. Habersham, Whig, but resigned ; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for governor of Georgia in 1843, receiving 35,325 votes against 38,713 votes for George W. Crawford, Whig. Cooper, Richard M., was bom in Gloucester County, New Jersey, in 1767; received an English education ; was a leading member of the Society of Friends; was several years a member of the State House of Representatives; was elected a representa tive from New Jersey in the Twenty-first Congress ; and was re-elected to the Twenty-second Congress, serving from December 7, 1829, to March 2, 1833; was for a number of years president of the State Bank of New Jersey; died at Camden, New Jersey, March 10, 1843. Cooper, Thomas, was born in Delaware; was elected a delegate from Delaware in the Thirteenth Congress as a Federalist, receiving 973 majority over Dale, war Democrat; and was re-elected to the Four teenth Congress, serving from May 24, 1813, to March 3, 1817. Cooper, Thomas B., was born at Cooperstown, Pennsylvania, December 29, 1823; received a classi- 346 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. cal education, graduating at Pennsylvania College; studied medicine; received a degree of M.D. from the University of Pennsylvania, and commenced practice at Cooperate wn; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in tlie Thirty-seventh Congress as a Democrat, receiving 10,762 votes against 10,620 votes for Longnecker, Whig, and serving from July 4, 1861, until he died at Cooperstowu, Pennsylvania, April 4, 1862. Cooper, William (father of J. Fenimore Cooper, the novelist), was born at Burlington, New Jersey, and removed to Otsego County, New York, where he founded Cooperstown; practised law; was appointed first judge of the Court of Common Pleas for Otsego County February 17, 1791 ; was elected a representa tive from New York in the Fourth Congress as a Federalist, serving from December 7, 1795, to March 3, 1797; was again elected to the Sixth Congress, serving from December 2, 1799, to March 3, 1801; died at Cooperstown, New York. Cooper, W. R., was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Twenty-sixth Congress as a Democrat; his election was unsuccessfully contested, And he served from March 10, 1840, to March 3, 1841. Corbett, Henry W., was born at Westborough, Massachusetts, February 18, 1827 ; removed with his parents to Washington County, New York, when young; received an academic education; commenced mercantile pursuits in 1840 at Cambridge, New York; removed to New- York City in 1843, continuing there in mercantile pursuits until 1851 ; removed to Port land, Oregon, and commenced mercantile business there in March, 1861 ; was city treasurer, a member of the city council, and chairman of the Republican State Central Committee ; was elected United-States senator as a Union Republican to succeed J. W. Nesmith, Democrat, and served from 1807 to March 3, 1873. Corlett, William W., of Cheyenne, was elected a delegate from Wyoming to the Forty-fifth Congress as a Republican, receiving 1,102 majority over William R. Steele, Democrat. Corley, Simeon, was born in Lexington County, South Carolina, February 10, 1823; received the ru diments of an English education in the Lexington Academy from 1830 to 1834, when he was apprenticed to learn the tailors trade; began business on his own apcount in 1838; of progressive tendencies, he em ployed his pen in advocacy of the reform movements of the day after 1846 ; opposed the first attempted secession of South Carolina in 1852, for which, on the ground of his abolitionism, an attempt was made to expel him from the State; edited "The South-Caro lina Temperance Standard" in 1855-1856, and held the office of grand scribe of the Sons of Temperance of South Carolina during the same years ; invented and patented a new system of garment-cutting in 1857 ; was arrayed in hopeless opposition to secession in 1860; was compelled to enter the rebel army in 1863 ; was captured by the national troops at Peters burg, Virginia, April 2, 1865; gladly took the oath of allegiance June 5, and returned home ; advocated the reconstruction policy of Congress in 1866 ; was a delegate to the Constitutional Convention of South Carolina in 1867; and was elected a representative from South Carolina in the Fortieth Congress as a Republican, by a majority of 2,500 over his old Con federate general McGowan, Democrat, serving from March 4, 1867, to March 3, 1869. Cornell, Ezekiel, was born in Scituate, Rhode Island; received a public-school education; was a mechanic ; was appointed lieutenant-colonel in Hitch cock s Rhode-Island regiment in 1775; was appointed brigadier-general of Rhode-Island State troops in 1776, and served until March 16, 1780; was a delegate from Rhode Island in the Continental Congress 1780- 1783; retired to his farm at Scituate, where he passed the remainder of his days. Cornell, Thomas, was born at White Plains, New York, January 27, 1814; received a public-school education; was engaged in transportation and bank ing; was elected a representative from New York in the Fortieth Congress as a Republican, receiving 10,521 votes against 10, 179 votes for Tuthill, Demo crat, serving from March 4, 1867, to March 3, 1809; was defeated as the Republican candidate for the Forty-first Congress, receiving 11,692 votes against 12,201 votes for John A. Griswold, Democrat. Corning, Erastus, was born at Norwich, Con necticut, December 14, 1794; removed when thirteen years of age to Troy, New York, and entered the hardware store of his uncle, Benjamin Smith, whose business and fortune he inherited; removed to Al bany in 1814, and established the iron-house of E. Corning & Company ; was a State senator 1842-1845 ; was for several years an alderman, and subsequently mayor, of Albany ; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Demo crat, receiving 8,296 votes against 4,631 votes for Van Dyck, Republican, and serving from December 7, 1857, to March 3, 1859 ; was defeated as the Demo cratic candidate for the Thirty-sixth Congress, re ceiving 8,371 votes against 9,571 votes for Reynolds, Republican, and 260 votes for Livingston, Inde pendent Democrat ; was a member of the Peace Con gress of 1861 ; was again elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress, receiving 10,814 votes against 10,043 votes for Olcott, Republican, and serving from July 4, 1801, to March 3, 1863; was re-elected to the Thirty- eighth Congress, receiving 15,715 votes against 10,065 votes for Smith, Republican, but resigned, and J. V. L. Pryn was chosen in his place ; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention of 1867; "died at Albany, New York, April 9, 1872. Corwin, Franklin, was born at Lebanon, Ohio, January 12, 1818; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1839; was a representative in the Forty- fifth and a senator in the Forty-sixth and Forty-sev enth General Assemblies of the State of Ohio ; re moved to Peru, Illinois, in 1857; was a representative in the Twenty-fourth, Twenty-fifth, and Twenty- sixth General Assemblies of Illinois, and speaker of the House for the last two tenns ; Avas elected a rep resentative from Illinois in the Forty-third Congress as a Republican, receiving 12,404 votes against 8,293 votes for G. D. A. Parks, Liberal and Democrat, serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1875; was defeated as the Republican candidate for the Forty-fourth Congress, receiving 7,960 votes against 10,303 votes for A. Campbell, Democrat and Inde pendent. Corwin, Moses B. (brother of Thomas Cor win), was born in Bourbon County, Kentucky, Jan uary 5, 1790 ; was reared on a farm ; received a pub lic-school education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1812, and commenced practice at Urbana, Ohio; was a member of the State House of Repre sentatives in 1838 and 1839; was elected a representa tive from Ohio in the Thirty-first Congress as a Whig, receiving 8,771 votes against 6,215 votes for John A. Corwin (his son), Democrat, and serving froin December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1851 ; was again elected to the Thirty-third Congress, receiving 8,561 votes against 5,780 votes for Young, Democrat, and serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855; died at Urbana, Ohio, April 7, 1872. Corwin, Thomas (brother of Moses B. Cor- wiu), was born in Bourbon County, Kentucky, July 29, 1794; removed to Lebanon, Ohio, where he was reared on his father s farm; studied law; was ad mitted to the bar in May, 1818, and commenced prac tice at Lebanon ; was a member of the State legisla ture 1822-1829; was a zealous Freemason, attaining the position of grand master of Ohio ; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Twenty-second Congress as a Whig; was re-elected to the Twen ty-third, Twenty-fourth, Twenty-fifth, and Twenty- sixth Congresses, serving from December 5, 1831, to 1840, when he resigned; and was elected governor of OLio by 19,003 majority, defeating Willson Shan- STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 347 non, who in turn defeated him in 1842 ; was elected a senator from Ohio, serving from December 1, 184.), to July 22, 1850, when he resigned, having heen appointed secretary of the treasury by President Taylor, and serving until March 3, 1853; was again elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Repub lican, receiving 8,8(56 votes against 5,020 votes for C. W. Blair, Democrat, serving from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 1801 ; was re-elected to the Twenty- sixth Congress, but resigned, having been appointed by President Lincoln minister to Mexico, and serving from March 22, 1801, to September 1, 1804; located at Washington City, and died there very suddenly, of heart disease, December 18, 1805. Cottman, Joseph S., was born in Somerset County, Maryland, August 10, 1803; received a clas sical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1820, and commenced practice at Upper Trappe, Maryland; was a presidential elector on the Taylor and Fillmore ticket in 1848; was elected a repre sentative from Maryland in the Thirty-seco)id Con gress as an Independent Whig, receiving 1,717 votes against 1,509 votes for Henry, Whig, and serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1853; and died at Upper Trappe, Somerset County, Maryland, in 1803. Cotton, Aylett R., was born at Austintown, Ohio, November 29, 1820; removed with his father to Iowa in 1844; was a student at Alleghany College, Meadville, Pennsylvania, in 1845; taught school in Fayette County, Tennessee, .in 1840-1847; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in Clinton County, Iowa, in 1848; crossed the plains to California in 1849, and returned to Iowa in 1851 ; was county judge of Clinton County, Iowa, in 1851-1853; was prose- cuting-attorney of the same county in 1854; was a member of the State Constitutional Convention of Iowa in 1857; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1808 and 1870, serving the last term as speaker; was elected a representative from Iowa in the Forty-second Congress as a Republican, receiving 13,580 votes against 9,338 votes for W. E. Leffingwell, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress, receiving 12,521 votes against 12,340 votes for W. E. Leffingwell, Liberal, serving from Marcli 4, 1871, to March 3, 1875. Cottrell, James La Fayette, was elected to the State House of Representatives of Alabama in 1834, 1830, and 1837; and to the State Senate in 1838 for three years, serving as president in 1840 ; he was elected a representative from Alabama in the Twen ty-ninth Congress (to fill a vacancy caused by the resignation of W. L. Yancey) as a Democrat, receiv ing 428 votes against 398 votes for S. Beaman, Mr. Yancey s half-brother, and serving from December 7, 1840, to March 3, 1847; was nominated on the Cass electoral ticket in 1848, but resigned, and removed to Florida, where he engaged actively in politics. Coulter, Richard, was born in Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Greensburgh; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twentieth Congress ; was re-elected to the Twen ty-first, Twenty-second, and Twenty-third Congress es, serving from December 3, 1827, to March 3, 1835; was judge of the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania; and died near Greensburgh, Pennsylvania, April 21, 1852. Covington, Leonard, was born at Aquasco, Maryland, October 30, 1708; received a thorough English education; entered the army, by appoint ment. from President Washington, as cornet of caval ry, March 14, 1792; distinguished himself in Wayne s campaigns; was promoted to a captaincy, and re signed September 12, 1795; engaged in agricultural pursuits; was several years a member of the State House of Representatives ; was elected a representa tive from Maryland in the Ninth Congress as a Demo crat, serving from December 2, 1805, to March 3, 1807; was appointed by President Jefferson lieuten ant-colonel of light dragoons January 9, 1809, ami colonel February 15, 1809; commanded the expedi tion which occupied West Florida in 1810; was pro moted brigadier-general August 1, 1813, and ordered to the Northern frontier; fought gallantly and fell at the battle of Chrystler s Fields November 11, 1813, and died the next day. His remains were removed to Sackett s Harbor, and re-interred there August 13, 1820. Covode, John, was born in Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania, March 17, 1808; received a public-school education; was engaged in agricul tural, manufacturing, and transportation pursuits; became largely interested in the coal trade; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-fourth Congress as an anti-Masonic Whig, receiving 9,342 votes against 0,588 votes for Drum- mond, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Republican, receiving 10,409 votes against 8,724 votes for M. Kinby, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving 9,257 votes against 8,105 votes for H. D. Foster, Democrat ; was re-elected to the Thirty-seventh Con gress, receiving 11,709 votes against 9,701 votes for Phelps, Democrat, serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1803. Cowan, Edgar, was born in Westmoreland Coun ty, Pennsylvania, September 19, 1815; thrown upon his own resources, he obtained a good education, graduating at Franklin College, Ohio, in 1839; was by turn a raftsman, boat-builder, schoolmaster, and student of medicine, finally devoting himself to the law, obtaining admission to the bar, arid commencing practice at Greensburg ; was a presidential elector in. 1800 on the Lincoln and Hamlin ticket; was elected United-States senator from Pennsylvania as a Re publican, serving from July 4, 1801, to March 3, 1807; was a delegate to the National Union Convention at Philadelphia in 1800; and was appointed by President Johnson, in January, 1807, minister to Austria, but the Senate did not confirm the nomination. Cowan, Jacob P., was born at Florence, Penn sylvania, March 20, 1823; removed with his parents in 1835 to Steubenville, Ohio ; was engaged in manu facturing until 1843, when he commenced the study of medicine; removed to Ashland County, Ohio, in 1840, and engaged in the practice of his profession ; attended lectures, and graduated at Starling Medical College, Columbus; was elected a member of the State legislature in 1855, and was re-elected in 1857; returned to the practice of his profession in 1859; was president of the Citizens Bank of Ashland, and a dealer in real estate; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Demo crat, receiving 12,394 votes against 7,214 votes for W. W. Armstrong, Republican, and 399 votes for Martin Deal, Prohibitionist, serving from December 0, 1875, to March 3, 1877. Cowen, Benjamin Sprague, was born at Washington County, New York, September 27, 1793; was reared on a farm; received a common-school education; studied medicine; served as a private in the war of 1812; removed to Moorfield, Ohio, in 1820; practised medicine and studied law there; was ad mitted to the bar in 1829, and commenced practice at St. Clairville, Ohio; was editor of " The Belmont Chronicle" 1830-1840; was a delegate to the National Whig Convention which nominated Harrison and Tyler in 1839; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Twenty-seventh Congress as an anti- slavery Whig, serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1843 ; was a member of the State House of Repre sentatives in 1845 and 1840; became presiding judge of the Court of Common Pleas in 1847; was for many years president of a local Bible society; and died at St. Clairville, Ohio, September 27, 1800. Cowles, George W., was born in Otisco, New York; graduated at Hamilton College, New York, in 1845, and was engaged in teaching until 1853; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1854; was elected 348 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. judge of "Wayne County, New York, in 1803, and was re-elected iii 1807; was elected a representative from New York in the Forty-first Congress as a Republi can, receiving 17,234 votes against 12,743 votes for Ross, Democrat, and serving from March 4, 1809, to March 3, 1871. Cowles, Henry B., was born at Hartford, Con necticut, March 18, 1798, and removed with his father to Dutchess County, New York, in 1809; received a classical education, graduating at Union College in 1810; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1819, and commenced practice in Putnam County; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1820, 1827, and 1828; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-first Congress, serving from December 7, 1829, to March 3, 1831 ; removed in 1834 to New York, and practised there. Cox, Jacob D., was born at Montreal, Canada, October 27, 1828, his parents being natives of the United States, temporarily sojourning there ; and was reared in the city of New York; received a classical education, graduating at Oberlin College in 1851; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1853, and commenced practice at Warren, Ohio ; was a member of the State Senate in 1859; entered the Union army as brigadier-general of Ohio volunteers April 23, 1801 ; was commissioned brigadier-general of United- States volunteers May 14, 1801 ; served in the Ninth Corps at the battles of South Mountain and Antie- tam; was assigned a division of the Twenty-third Army Corps in the fall of 1803, although there was no vacancy for his promotion as major-general; served under Sherman at the siege of Atlanta, and under Thomas in the campaigns of Franklin and Nashville; was commissioned" as major-general in December, 1804; was sent with his corps to North Carolina in 1805, and received the surrender of Gen eral Johnston ; was elected governor of Ohio in Octo ber, 1805, and declined a renomination in 1807; re moved to Cincinnati, and there resumed the practice of law; was secretary of the interior in President Grant s first cabinet, March, 1809 -December, 1870; returned to Cincinnati and to legal practice; was made president of the Wabash Railroad in October, 1873, and removed to Toledo to take charge of it ; and was elected a representative from Ohio in the Forty- fifth Congress, receiving 17,270 votes against 15,301 votes for Frank II. Hurd, Democrat. Cox, James (grandfather of S. S. Cox), was born at Monmouth, New Jersey, June 14, 1753; re ceived a public-school education; commanded a com pany of militia at the battles of Germantown and of Monmouth, and attained the rank of brigadier-gen eral; was for several years a member of the State Assembly, and one year its speaker; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Tenth Con gress as a Madison Democrat, serving from May 22, 1809, until he died, while a member of the House, at Monmouth, September 12, 1810. Cox, Leander M., was born in Virginia; re moved to Flcmingsburg, Kentucky; was grand mas ter of Masons in Kentucky in 1843; was captain in the Third Kentucky Volunteers, raised for the Mexi can war in October, 1847; was a presidential elector on the Scott .and Graham ticket in 1852 ; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Thirty-third Congress as a Whig, receiving 0,006 votes against 5,974 votes for T. M. Rice, and some votes for A. Young; and was re-elected to the Thirty-fourth Con gress as an American, receiving 8,083 votes against 6,598 votes for Stanton, Democrat, serving from De cember 5, 1853, to March 3, 1857; was defeated as the American candidate for the Thirty-fifth Con gress, receiving 7,534 votes against 8,748 votes for John W. Stevenson, Democrat. Cox, Samuel Sullivan (grandson of James Cox), of New York, was born at Zanesville, Ohio, September 30, 1824; attended Ohio University, Athens, but graduated at Brown University, Provi dence, in the class of 1340; studied and practised (law; was owner and editor of "The Columbus j (Ohio) Statesman" in 1853 and 1854; was appoint ed secretary of legation to Peru in 1855; was a dele gate to the Chicago, New- York, and St. Louis Demo cratic Conventions of 1804, 1808, and 1876; was elected a representative from the Columbus district of Ohio in the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving 9,560 votes against 8,913 votes for L. Case, Republi can ; was re-elected to the Thirty-seventh and Thirty- eighth Congresses, serving from December 7, 1857, to March 3, 1865 ; was defeated as the Democratic can didate for the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiving 9,587 votes against 12,750 votes for S. Shellabarger, Demo crat; removed to New- York City in March, 1805; was elected a representative from New York in the Forty- first Congress, receiving 12,302 votes against 9,682 votes for Starr, Republican; was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress, receiving 9,228 votes against 8,203 votes for Horace Greeley, Republican, and serv ing from March 4, 1869, to March 3, 1873; was defeat ed as the Democratic candidate for representative at large in the Forty-third Congress, receiving 400,097 votes against 438,436 votes for Lyman Tremainc, Re publican ; but was subsequently elected a representa tive in the Forty-third Congress as a Democrat (to fill the vacancy caused by the death of James Brooks), receiving 12,674 votes against 5,742 for Julius Wads- worth, Republican; was re-elected to the Forty- fourth Congress, receiving 13,702 votes against 3,428 votes for J. H. Campbell, Republican; was appointed speaker pro tern, of the House June 7, 1870, and elect ed speaker pro tern. June 19, 1870, serving until he vacated the office June 24, 1876; and was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 17,098 votes against 41 votes for A. J. Duganne, Republican, serving from December 1, 1873. Published "The Buckeye Abroad," 1852; "Eight Years in Con gress," 1865; "Search for Winter Sunbeams ;" and numerous magazine articles and lectures. Coxe, Tench, was born at Philadelphia May 22, 1755 ; received a thorough English education ; engaged in mercantile pursuits, and entered into partnership with his father in 1770; was a commissioner to the Federal Convention at Annapolis in 1780; was a delegate to the Continental Congress in 1788; was assistant secretary of the treasury in 1790; was reve nue commissioner in 1792; was purveyor of the pub lic supplies 1803-181 2; and died at Philadelphia July 17, 1824. He published a number of pamphlets on American commerce and manufactures. Coxe, W^illiam, was born at Burlington, New Jersey ; was a member of the State House of Repre sentatives, serving one year as speaker ; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Thirteenth Congress as a Federalist, serving from May 24, 1813, to March 2, 1815; died at Burlington, New Jersey. Crabb, George W., was torn in Tennessee, received a public-school education ; removed to Ala bama when young, and settled at Tuscaloosa; then the seat of government; was elected assistant secretary of the State Senate, and subsequently comptroller of public accounts; served in the Florida Indian war as lieutenant-colonel of the Alabama Volunteers; was a member of the State Senate of Alabama, and major-general of militia; was elected a representative in the Twenty-fifth Congress (to fill a vacancy occasioned by the death of Joab Lawler) as a Whig, receiving 4,406 votes against 4,303 votes for Harvey W. Ellis, Democrat; Avas re-elected to (he Twenty-sixth Congress as a Whig, receiving 909 ma jority over Harvey W. Ellis, Democrat, serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1841 ; was an unsuc cessful candidate for re-election to the Twenty- seventh Congress on general ticket; espoused the cause of "Polk, Dallas, and Texas," in 1844; was appointed judge of the County Court of Mobile in 1846; visited Cuba that winter for his health; and, going to Philadclpliia for medical advice, died thero in 1847. STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 349 Crabb, Jeremiah, was born in Maryland, and was elected a representative from that State in the Fourth Congress, serving from December 7, 1795, to 1796, when he resigned. Cradlebaugh, John, was born in Ohio ; removed to Carson City, Nevada Territory; was elected a dele gate from Nevada Territory in the Thirty-seventh Congress, serving from July 4, 1SG1, to March 3, 1863; was appointed United-States district judge for the district of Utah. Crafts, Samuel Chandler, was born at Wood stock, Connecticut, October (5, 1768; received a classi cal education, graduating at Harvard College in 1790; removed to Vermont with his father, who founded the town of Craftsbury, of which he was town-clerk, 1792-1829; was the youngest delegate to the Vermont Constitutional Convention of 1793 ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 179G, 1800, 1801, 1803, and 1805, and clerk of the House in 1798- 1799; was register of probate 179G-1815; accompanied the younger M. Michaux in a botanical reconnois- sancc of the Mississippi valley in 1802; was a judge of the Orleans-county Court 1800-1816, and 1825-1828 ; was elected a representative from New Hampshire in the Fifteenth, Sixteenth, Seventeenth, and Eigh teenth Congresses, serving from December 1, 1817, until March 3, 1825; was governor of Vermont 1829- 1832; was a member of the Vermont Constitutional Convention of 1829, and served as its president ; was appointed by the governor of Vermont, and subse quently elected, to the United-States Senate, to fill the vacancy occasioned by the resignation of Samuel Prentiss, serving from April 30, 1842, until March 3, 1843; and died at Craftsbury, Vermont, November 19, 1853. Cragin, Aaron H., was born at Wcston, Ver mont, February 1, 1821; received an academic edu cation; studied law; was admitted to the bar at Albany, New York, in 1847, and practised at Lebanon, New Hampshire ; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1852-1855; was elected a repre sentative from New Hampshire in the Thirty-fourth Congress as an American, receiving 12,126 votes against 8,640 votes for W. P. Wheeler, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Republican, receiving 10,983 votes against 9,841 votes for W. P. Wheeler, Democrat, serving from Decem ber 3, 1855, to March 3, 1859; resumed practice; was elected United-States senator as a Republican to succeed John P. Hale, Republican; and was re-elect ed, serving from March 4, 1865, to March 3, 1877; was appointed by President Hayes one of the com missioners for the sale of the Hot Springs of Ar kansas. Craig, Hector, was born in Orange County, New York ; was elected a representative from New York in the Eighteenth Congress as a Jackson Demo crat, serving from December 1, 1823, to March 3, 1825 ; was again elected to the Twenty-first Congress, serv ing from December 7, 1829, to July 12, 1830, when he resigned. Craig, James, was born in Pennsylvania May 7, 1820; received an English education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at St. Joseph, Missouri ; served in the war with Mexico as captain of the Missouri Mounted Volunteers ; was State attorney for the twelfth judicial circuit 1852- 1856 ; was elected a representative from Missouri in the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 8,742 votes against G,274 votes for Moss, American; and was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, re ceiving 14,439 votes against 7,824 votes for Adams, American, serving from December 7, 1857, to March 3, 1861 ; was appointed by President Lincoln brigadier- general of volunteers, and served in the Union army. Craig, Robert, was born in Virginia; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Twenty-first Congress as a Jackson Democrat; and was re-elected to the Twenty-second Congress, receiving 222 major ity over David Smith, serving from December 7 r 1829, to March 2, 1833 ; was defeated as the Jackson Dem ocratic candidate for the Twenty-third Congress, receiving 1,695 votes against 1,757 votes for S. M. Moore, Whig; was again elected to the Twenty-fourth Congress, receiving 1,160 majority over S. M. Moore, Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-fifth Congress, defeating Edward Johnson, Whig ; and was re-elected to the Twenty-sixth Congress, serving from December 7, 1835, to March 3, 1841. Craige, Burton, was born in Rowan County, North Carolina, March 13, 1811 ; received a classical education, graduating" at the University of North Carolina in 1829; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Salisbury; was a member of the House of Commons of North Carolina in 1832 and 1834; visited Europe for his health in 1836; was elected a representative in the Thirty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 5,999 votes against 5,649 votes for Osborne, Whig; was re-elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress as "a Democrat, receiving 6,744 votes against 4,104 votes for Stowe, Know-Noth ing; was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 6,394 votes against 539 scatter ing ; and was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 5,495 votes against 4,075 votes for Walkup, Opposition, serving from Decem ber 5, 1853, until he resigned in 1861 ; was a delegate to the convention which dissolved the union between North Carolina and the other States ; was a delegate to the Provisional Congress of the Confederate States which met at Richmond in July, 1861; retired to private life, declining to serve in the Constitutional Convention after the Avar, or to apply for a removal of his political disabilities; and died at Salisbury, North Carolina, December 29, 1875. Craik, "William, was born near Port Tobacco, Maryland; received a classical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Fourth Congress in place of Jeremiah Crabb, resigned ; was re-elected to the Fifth and Sixth Congresses, serving from December 5, 1796, to March 3, 1801; was ap pointed a judge of the United-States District Court, and subsequently chief justice of the fifth judicial district of Maryland. Cramer, John, was born at Waterford, New York, September 26, 1779; was chosen presidential elector on the Jefferson and Clinton ticket in 1805 ; served in the State House of Representatives in 1806 and 1811; was State senator 1823-1825; was a dele gate to the State Constitutional Convention in 1821 ; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-third Congress as a Jackson Democrat; and was re-elected to the Twenty-fourth Congress, serv ing from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1837 ; died at Waterford, New York, June 1, 1870. Crane, Joseph H., was born at Elizabethtown, New Jersey, in 1782; received a liberal education; studied law, and practised; removed to Dayton, Ohio; was judge of the Court of Common Pleas; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Twen ty-first Congress as a Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-second, Twenty-third, and Twenty-fourth Congresses, serving from December 7, 1829, to March 3, 1837 ; died at Dayton, Ohio, November 12, 1832. Crane, Stephen, was born in New Jersey, and was a delegate from that State to the Continental Congress 1774-1776. Cranston, Henry Y., was born at Newport, Rhode Island, October 9, 1789; received a public- school education; worked at a trade, and was a clerk when a lad; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1809, and commenced practice at Newport; was clc. k of the Court of Common Pleas 1818-1833; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention; was ft member of the State House of Representatives 1827-1843; was elected a representative from Rhode Island in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Whig., receiving 1,521 majority; and was re-elected to the Twenty-ninth Congress, serving from December 4, 350 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. 1843, to March 3, 1847; was again a member of the State House of Representatives, and served three sessions as speaker, finally retiring from public life in 1854; died at Newport, Rhode Island, February 12, 1804. Cranston, Robert B., was born at Newport, Rhode Island, in 1791 ; received a public-school edu cation; was employed in the collection of internal revenue; was elected sheriff of Newport County; was elected a representative from Rhode Island in the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Whig, and was re-elected to the Twenty-sixth and Twenty-seventh Congresses, serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1843; was cashier of the Newport Exchange Bank, post master of Newport, and cashier of the Newport Traders Bank; was several years elected to tbe State Senate or House of Representatives, serving one year as speaker of the House; was again elected to the Thirtieth Congress as a law-and-order Whig, receiv ing 3,310 votes against 2,422 votes for B. B. Thurston, Democrat, and serving from December 0, 1847, to March 3, 1849; was elected mayor of Newport, but declined serving. lie bequeathed $75,000 to those poor people in Newport "who are too honest to steal, and too proud to beg;" and died at Newport, Rhode Island, January 27, 1873. Crapo, William Wallace, was born at Dart mouth, Massachusetts, May l(i, 1830; was educated in the public schools of New Bedford, at Phillips Academy, Andover, and graduated at Yale College in 1852; studied law at Dane Law School, Cambridge, and, with John H. Clifford of Massachusetts, was ad mitted to the bar, and practised at New Bedford; was a member of the State legislature in 1857; and was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Republican (to fill the vacancy occasioned by the death of Hon. James Buftinton), receiving 9,553 votes against 5,017 votes for Charles G. Davis, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 14,153 votes against 6,179 votes for Joseph M. Day, Democrat, serving from December 0, 1875. Crary, Isaac E., was born at Preston, Connect icut; received a public-school education; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice at Marshall, Michigan; was elected a delegate from Michigan, and was subsequently elected a rep resentative in the Twenty-fourth Congress as a Dem ocrat; w r as re-elected to the Twenty-fifth Congress, receiving 10,750 votes against 10,552 votes for Wells ; and was re-elected to the Twenty-sixth Congress, serving from January 27, 1837, to March 3, 1841; died at Marshall, Michigan, May 8, 1854. Cravens, James A., was born in Rockingham County, Virginia, November 4, 1818, and removed with his father to Indiana in 1820; received a public- school education; was a farmer and stock-raiser; served in the war with Mexico, as major of the Sec ond Indiana Volunteers, from June, 1840-1847 ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1848-1849, and of the State Senate in 1850-1853; was commissioned as brigadier-general of militia in 1854; was elected a representative from Indiana in the Thirty-seventh Congress as a Democrat, defeating John S. Davis, Independent; and was re-elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, receiving 10,911 votes against 0,211 votes for W. Q. Gresham, Union Re publican, serving from July 4, 1801, to March 3, 1805; was a delegate to the National Union Convention at Philadelphia in 1800, and to the National Democratic Convention at New York in 1808. Cravens, James H., was born in Rockingham County, Virginia, in 1798; removed to Indiana early in life, and engaged in agricultural pursuits; was elected a representative from Indiana in UK; Twenty- seventh Congress, receiving 1,014 majority, and serv ing from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1843; was defeated as tbe Free-soil candidate for governor; served in the war for the suppression of the rebellion as colonel of a regiment of Indiana volunteers. Crawford, George W., was born in Columbia County, Georgia, December 22, 1798; received a classical education, graduating at Princeton in 1820; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and com menced practice at Augusta, Georgia, in 1822; was attorney-general of the State of Georgia 1827-1831; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1837-1842; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Twenty-seventh Congress to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Richard W. Habersham, as a Whig, serving from February 1, 1843, to March 3, 1843 ; was elected governor of Georgia in 1843, and re-elected in 1845 ; was appointed by President Tay lor secretary of war, serving from March 7, 1849, to August 15, 1850; travelled in Europe. Crawford, Joel, was bom in Columbia County, Georgia, June 15, 1783; was educated by private tutors; studied LIAV at the Litchficld Law School; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in 1808 at Sparta, but soon removed to Milledgcville; served in the war against the Creek Indians as second lieutenant, and aide-de-camp to Brigadier- General Floyd, 1813-1814; resumed practice at Mil ledgcville; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1814-1817; was elected a represen tative from Georgia in the Fifteenth Congress as a Democrat, and was re-elected to the Sixteenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1817, to March 3, 1821; declined are-election; was for several years a member of the State legislature; was appointed in 1820 a commissioner to run the boundary-line between Alabama and Georgia; was elected in 1837 a State commissioner to locate and construct the Western and Atlantic Railroad; and died in Early County, Georgia, April 5, 1858. Crawford, Martin J., was born in Jasper County, Georgia, March 17, 1820; received a classical education at Mercer University; studied law; was admitted to the bar in February, 1839, and com menced practice, but the death of his father forced him to devote his attention to planting; was a mem ber of the State House of Representatives 1845-1847; w r as elected a delegate to the Southern Convention at Nashville in May, 1850; was judge of the superior courts of the Chattahoochee circuit 1853-1855; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Thirty- fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 953 major ity over Willis A. Hawkins, American ; was re-elected to the Twenty-fifth Congress, receiving 8,220 votes against 0,305 votes for S. C. Elane, American ; and was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving 8,279 votes against 0,437 votes for M. Douglas, Amer ican, and 417 votes for J. N. Bcthune, free-trade Democrat, serving from December 3, 1855, to Janu ary 23, 1801, when he retired from the House; was elected by the Secession Convention of Georgia a deputy to the Confederate Provisional Congress, serv ing from January, 1801, to February 22, 1802 ; was ap pointed by President Davis a special commissioner to the government of the United States at Washington ; raised the Third Georgia Cavalry Regiment in May, 1802 ; served with it one year, and was then placed on the staff of Major-General Howell Cobb, on which he served until the close of the war; was appointed, in September, 1875, judge of the superior courts of the Chattahtochce circuit to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Judge James Johnson; and was re-appointed in 1877 for eight years. Crawford, Thomas Hartley, was born at Chambersburg, Pennsylvania, November 14, 1780; received a classical education, graduating at Prince ton College in 1804; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1807, and commenced practice at Cham bersburg; was elected a representative from Penn sylvania in the Twenty-first Congress as a Jackson Democrat ; and was re-elected to the Twenty-second Congress, serving from December 7, 1829, to March 2, 1833 ; was a member of the State House of Repre sentatives in 1833; was appointed in 1830 a commis sioner to investigate alleged frauds in the sale of the STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 351 Creek reservations ; was appointed by President Van Buren commissioner of Indian affairs, serving from October 22, 1838, to October 30, 1845 ; was appointed by President Polk judge of the Criminal Court of the District of Columbia, serving from 1845 until his death, at Washington City, January 27, 1803. Crawford, William, was born at Paisley, Scotland, in 1700; received a classical education; studied medicine at the University of Edinburgh, and received his degree in 1791 ; immigrated to the United States ; settled near Gettysburg ; purchased a farm on Marsh Creek in 1795, and passed the rem nant of his life there, practising medicine among his friends; was an associate judge for Adams County ; was elected a representative from Pennsyl vania in the Eleventh Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Twelfth, Thirteenth, and Four teenth Congresses, serving from May 22, 1809, to March 3, 1817 ; resumed practice ; and died in 1823. Crawford, William Harris, was born in Am- herst County, Virginia, February 24, 1772; removed with his father to Georgia in 1783; received an academic education ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Lexington ; was appointed in 1799 to prepare a digest of the laws of Georgia ; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1803- 1807; was elected United-States senator from Geor gia in place of Abraham Baldwin, deceased, serving from December 9, 1807, to March 3, 1813; and was elected president pro tempore of the Senate March 24, 1812; declined the position of secretary of war offered him by President Madison, and accepted the mission to France, serving from April 3, 1813, to April 22, 1815 ; returned to act as agent for the sale of the lands donated by Congress to La Fayettc; accept ed the position of secretary of war March 2, 1815, and was transferred to the treasury October 22, 1810, serving until March 7, 1825; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for president in 1825, receiving but 41 electoral votes and four States, when the elec tion was thrown into the House ; was stricken down by illness, and declined the request of President J. Q. Adams that he remain secretary of the treasury; returned to Georgia, where he was appointed in 1827 judge of the Northern Circuit Court, and held the position until he died, at Elbcrton, Georgia, Septem ber 15, 1834. Creamer, Thomas J., was born in Ireland May 20, 1843 ; was educated in the common schools of the city of New York; engaged in mercantile business at an early age ; was elected to the New- York State Assembly in 1804, 1805, and 18GG; was elected to the State Senate in 1807, and re-elected in 1809, serving four years in that body ; was appointed tax commissioner for New- York City in 1809, serv ing as such until May, 1873; was president of the Young Democracy General Committee in their con test against Tammany in 1870; was delegate to the Baltimore National Convention in 1872; and was elected a representative from New York in the Forty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 10,100 votes against 8,270 votes for C. Gcib, Republican, serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1875. Crebs, John M., was born at Middleburg, Loudon County, Virginia, April 9, 1830; went with his parents to Illinois in 1837 ; received a common- school education, and, during his minority, worked upon a farm; at the age of twenty-one he com menced the study of law; was admitted to the bar in 1852, and settled in White County, Illinois, where he practised his profession; in 1802 he entered the Union army as lieutenant-colonel; participated in all the Mississippi movements until the capture of Vicks- burg, and was also in the Arkansas campaign, com manding a brigade of cavalry in the department of the Gulf; after the war he returned to his profession, and was elected a representative from Illinois in the Forty-first Congress as a Democrat, receiving 14,704 votes against 14,201 votes for Raum, Repiiblican ; and was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress, receiving 13,949 votes against 12,3G6 votes for D. W. Munn, Republican, serving from March 4, 1809, to March 3, 1873. Creighton, William, jun., was born in Berke ley County, Virginia, October 29, 1778; received a classical education ; graduated at Dickinson College ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1798; removed to Chillicothc, Ohio, and commenced prac tice ; was secretary of the State of Ohio in 1803 ; was elected to the Thirteenth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 177 majority over Abram Claypool, Demo crat ; and was re-elected to the Fourteenth Congress, serving from May 24, 1813, until March 3, 1817; was again elected to the Twentieth Congress, receiving a majority of 1,572 over John Thompson; was re- elected to the Twenty-first Congress as an Adams man, defeating C. Wallace, Jacksonian ; and was re- elected to thc Twenty-sccond Congress, serving from Dccember3, 1827, until March 3, 1833; was appointed a judge of the United-States Court for the district of Ohio at the expiration of his congressional term; and died at Chillicothc, Ohio, October 8, 1851. Crisfield, John W\, was born in Kent County, Maryland, November 0, 1808 ; received a liberal cduca- cation at Washington College, Chcstertown; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1830, and commenced practice in Somerset County, Maryland ; was a mem ber of the State legislature in 1830 ; was elected a rep resentative from Maryland in the Thirteenth Congress as a Whig, receiving 4,497 votes against 3,700 votes for the Democratic candidate, and serving from Decem ber G, 1847, to March 3, 1849; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention in 1850; was a dele- jate to the Peace Congress in 1801 ; was again elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress as a Union Republi can, receiving 7,181 votes against 5,331 votes for D. M. Henry, peace Democrat, and serving from July 4, 1801, to March 3, 1803; was defeated as the Demo cratic candidate for the Thirty-eighth Congress, re ceiving 5,482 votes against 0,742 votes for John A. J. Crcswell, Union Republican; was a delegate to the National Union Convention at Philadelphia in 1800. Crist, Henry, was born in Virginia in 1704; was taken by his father to Pennsylvania when he was a lad, and received a public-school education there ; removed to Bullitt County, Kentucky, in 1788, and engaged in the manufacture of salt; was attacked by a party of Indians, and, after having been wound ed, saved his life by remaining concealed four days without food ; was a member of the State House of Representatives of Kentucky in 1795, and of the State Senate in 1800-1804 ; was elected a representa tive from Kentucky in the Eleventh Congress, serv ing from May 22, 1809, to March 3, 1811 ; died in Bul litt County, Kentucky, in 1844. Critcher, John, was born in Westmoreland County, Virginia, March 11, 1820; was graduated at the University of Virginia in 1839, and afterwards studied three years at the University of France; studied law, and practised several years; was elected to the State Senate of Virginia, and to the State Con vention of 1801 ; served in the Confederate army as lieutenant-colonel of cavalry ; was afterward appoint ed judge of the eighth judicial circuit of Virginia, but was removed by the thirty-day resolution of Con gress ; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Forty-second Congress as a Conservative, re ceiving 10,282 votes against 0,018 votes for W. W. Douglas, Republican, and 5,043 votes for D. M. Nor ton, colored Republican, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1873. Crittenden, John Jordan, was bom in Wood- ford County, Kentucky, September 10, 1780 ; received an academic education; served in the war of 1812 as aide to Governor Shelby; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Frankfort, Kentucky; was a member of the State House of Representative? in 1810; was United-States senator from Kentucky, serving from December 1, 1817, to March 3, 1819; practised from 1819 to 1835, serving several years in 352 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. the State House of Representatives; was again United-States senator, serving from December 7, 1835, to March 3, 1841 ; was appointed attorney-gen eral of the United States by President Harrison, serving from March 5, 1841, to September 13, 1841 ; was again United -States senator, serving from March 31, 1842, until he resigned in 1848; was elected governor of Kentucky 1848-1850; was again appointed attorney-general by President Fillmore, serving from July 20, 1850, to March 3, 1853; was again United-States senator, serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1861 ; was elected a representa tive from Kentucky in the Thirty-seventh Congress as a Unionist, receiving 8,272 votes against 5,70(3 votes for Simms, Secessionist, and serving from July 4, 18(51, to March 3, 1863; died at Frankfort, Ken tucky, July 26, 1863. Crittenden, Thomas T., was born in Shelby County, Kentucky, January 2, 1834; graduated at Centre College, Danville, Kentucky, in April, 1855; studied law at Frankfort, Kentucky; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Warrensburg, Missouri; was appointed attorney-general of Missouri in 1864 by Governor Willard P. Hall to fill out the unex- pired term of Ackman Welsh, deceased ; was elected a representative from Missouri in the Forty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 16,341 votes against 14,770 votes for S. S. Burdctt, Republican, and serving from December 1, 1773, to March 3, 1875. Crocheron, Henry, resided in Richmond Coun ty, New York; was elected a representative from that State in the Fourteenth Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 4, 1815, to March 3, 1817. Crocheron, Jacob, was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-first Congress as a Jackson Democrat, serving from December 7, 1829, to March 3, 1831; was a presidential elector on the Van Buren and Johnson ticket in 1837. Crocker, Alvah, was born at Leominster, Mas sachusetts, October 14, 1801 ; became a factory opera tive at eight years of age ; secured an academic edu cation ; became proprietor of paper manufactories at Fitchburg; was president of the Boston and Fitch- burg Railroad; was a commissioner of the Hoosac Tunnel ; was a member of the State House of Repre sentatives in 1836, 1842, and 1843 ; was a member of the State Senate two terms ; and was elected a rep resentative from Massachusetts in the Forty-second Congress, January 2, 1872, as a Republican (to fill the vacancy occasioned by the resignation of William B. Washburn, elected governor of Massachusetts) ; and was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress, receiving 14,919 votes against 4,588 votes for D. W. Bond, Democrat, serving from February 14, 1872, until he died, at Fitchburg, Massachusetts, December 26, 1874. Crocker, Samuel L., was born at Taunton, Massachusetts, March 31, 1804; received a classical education, graduating at Brown University in 1822 ; engaged in manufacturing; was a member of the Executive Council of Massachusetts in 1849; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Thirty-third Congress as a Whig, receiving on the first ballot 5,303 votes against 2,956 votes for A. M. Ide, Democrat, 4,305 votes for G. M. Wcston, Free Soil, and 723 scattering votes, and receiving a plu rality on the second trial, serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855. tioiiary soldier; became noted as a bear-hunter and marksman ; commanded a battalion of mounted rifle men under General Jackson in the Creek campaign 1813-1814; was a member of the State legislature; was elected a representative from Tennessee in the 1 wentieth Congress as a Whig, receiving 3,045 ma jority over Adam Alexander, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Twenty-first Congress, serving froi December 3, 1827, to March 3, 1831 ; was defeated a the Whig candidate for the Twenty-fourth Congress, receiving 3,416 votes against 4,603 votes for William Fitzgerald, Democrat; was again elected to the Twen ty-third Congress, receiving 164 majority over Wil liam Fitzgerald, Democrat, and serving from Decem ber 2, 1833, to March 3, 1835; went to Texas to aid in the struggle there for independence, and was killed, while gallantly fighting at San Antoine de Bexar, March 6, 1836. Published several works written for him by others. Crockett, John "W. (son of David Crockett), was born at Trenton, Tennessee; received a public- school education ; was elected a representative from Tennessee in the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Whig, receiving 6,885 votes against 1,413 votes for A. M. Hughes, also a Whig; and was re-elected to the Twenty-sixth Congress, receiving 5,304 votes against 4,070 votes for S. C. Pavalt, Democrat, serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1841; was elected by the State legislature attorney-general for the ninth district of Tennessee November 1, 1841; removed to New Orleans, and became associate editor of " The National" May 22, 1848; removed to Memphis, Ten nessee, and died there November 24, 1852. Crooke, Philip S., was bom at Poughkeepsie, New York, March 2, 1810; was educated at the Dutchess Academy at Poughkecpsie ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in the city of New York in 1831; located at Flatbush in 1S38; was elected a presidential elector on the Democratic ticket in 1852; was elected a member of the Assembly of the State of New York as a Republican in 1863; was a mem ber of the board of supervisors of King s County in 1844-1852, 1858-1870, and chairman of the board in 1801, 1862, 1864, and 1865; served forty years in the National Guard of the State of New York, from pri vate to brigadier-general, and commanded the Fifth Brigade, National Guard, in Pennsylvania, in Juno and July, 1863; was elected a representative from New York in the Forty-third Congress as a Repub lican, receiving 11,012 votes against 10,202 votes for S. J. Colahan, Democrat, and serving from Decem ber 1, 1873, to March 3, 1875. Cross, Edward, was born in Tennessee; re ceived a public-school education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised; was United- States judge for the district of Arkansas; was elected a representative from Arkansas in the Twenty-sixth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 6,771 votes against 4,218 votes for Cummings, Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress, receiving 7,876 votes against 5,783 votes for Fowler, Whig; and was re- elected to the Twenty-eighth Congress, receiving 9,413 votes against 5,315 votes for Cummings, Whig, and 1,686 votes for Evans, Independent, serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1845; was appointed a judge of the State Supreme Court July 31, 1845. Crossland, Edward, was born in Hickman County, Kentucky, June 30, 1827, and was educated there; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1852, and continues to practise his profession ; was a mem ber of the legislature of the State of Kentucky in 1857-1858; was elected judge of the Court of Common Pleas in the first judicial district of Kentucky in Au gust, 1867, for six years, and resigned on the 1st of November, 1870; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Forty-second Congress as a Demo crat, receiving 7,930 votes against 2,980 votes for N. R. Black, "Republican, and 1,402 votes for W. C. Clark, Independent Democrat; and was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress, receiving 10,276 votes against 2,510 votes for Trabue, Republican, 1,796 for II. II. Houston, Republican, and 1,473 for J. Martin, Democrat, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1875. Crouch, Edward, was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirteenth Congress (in place of John Gloninger, resigned) as a Democrat, serving from December 6, 1813, to March 2, 1815. Crounso, Lorenzo, was born in Schoharie STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 353 County, New York, January 27, 1834; received a common-school education, supplemented by two terms in a seminary; removed in 1855 to Fort Plain, Montgomery County, New York, and there engaged in the practice of law; raised a battery of light ar tillery in 1801 ; entered the army as captain in the First Regiment New- York State Artillery; was wounded, and resigned after a year s sendee; re moved in 1865 to Nebraska Territory ; was a member of the territorial legislature in 1800, and assisted in framing and securing the adoption by the people of the Territory of its present State Constitution; was elected associate justice of the Supreme Court, and entered upon his duties in March, 18G7, when Ne braska was admitted into the Union ; at the expira tion of his term on the bench, was elected a represen- tive from Nebraska in the Forty-third Congress as a Republican, receiving 17,124 votes against 10,412 votes for Warner, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Congress, receiving 22,532 votes against 8,386 votes for James W. Savage, Democrat, 4,074 votes for James W. Davis, Independent, and 972 votes for J. G. Miller, Temperance, serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1877. Crowell, John, was born in Halifax County, Alabama ; was the son of Edward Crowell, who was a great-nephew of Oliver Cromwell ; received a pub lic-school education; was elected delegate from the Territory of Alabama in the Fifteenth Congress, serving from March 9, 1818, to March 3, 1819, when the State Constitution went into operation; was elected a representative from Alabama in the Six teenth Congress, serving from December 22, 1819, to March 3, 1821; was appointed agent for the Creek Indians, then inhabiting Western Georgia and East ern Alabama, and occupied the position until they were removed to the Indian Territory in 1830 ; died at Fort Mitchell, Alabama, June 25, 1846. Crowell, John, was born in Connecticut; re moved to Warren, Ohio ; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirtieth Congress as a Whig; and was re-elected to the Thirty-first Congress, receiving 8,427 votes against 7,373 votes for Raney, Democrat, serving from December 6, 1847, to March 3, 1851. Crowninshield, Benjamin Williams, was born at Boston, Massachusetts, December 27, 1772; received an English education; engaged in mercan tile pursuits at Salem, Massachusetts; was a State senator in 1811; was appointed secretary of the navy by President Madison December 17, 1814; and re-ap pointed by President Monroe, resigning in 1814; was again a State senator 1822, 1823 ; was elected a rep resentative from Massachusetts in the Eighteenth Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Nine teenth Congress by 081 majority; was re-elected to the Twentieth Congress, receiving 223 votes against 136 scattering votes ; was re-elected to the Twenty- first Congress, receiving 1,284 votes against 620 votes for L. Saltonstall, and 181 votes for J. S. Cabot, serving from December 1, 1823, to March 3, 1831; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Twenty-second Congress, receiving 767 votes against 1,750 votes for Rui us Choate, 352 votes for J. S. Cabot, and 84 scattering votes ; he died at Boston, Massachusetts, February 5, 1851. Crowninshield, Jacob, was born at Salem, Massachusetts; engaged in mercantile pursuits; was defeated as Democratic candidate to fill the vacancy in the Sixth Congress caused by the resignation of Dwight Foster, by Nathan Read, Federalist; was a member of the Massachusetts House of Representa tives; was tendered the position of secretary of the navy by President Jefferson, but declined it; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Eighth Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Ninth and Tenth Congresses, serving from Octo ber 17, 1803, to April 15, 1808, when he died at the City of Washington. Crozier, John H., was born in Tennessee; re ceived a public-school education; resided at Knox- ville ; was elected a representative from Tennessee in the Twenty-ninth Congress as a Whig; and was re- elected to the Thirtieth Congress, serving from De cember 1, 1845, to March 3, 1849; declined a re-elec tion. Crudup, Josiah, was born in Wake County, North Carolina; resided at Raleigh; was elected a representative from North Carolina in the Seven teenth Congress, receiving 1,180 majority over John Scott, and serving from December 3, 1821, to March 3, 1823. Cruger, Daniel, was born at Bath, New York, and raised there, receiving a public-school education ; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1814-1815; was elected a representative from New York in the Fifteenth Congress, serving from Decem ber 1, 1817, to March 3, 1819. Crump, George "William, was born in Pow- hatan County, Virginia; received a classical educa tion, graduating at Princeton College; studied medi cine, and was licensed to practise; was a member cf the State House of Representatives; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Nineteenth Con gress (in the place of John Randolph, resigned) as a Jackson Democrat, receiving 23 majority over Mr. Giles, and serving from February 0, 1820, to March 3, 1827; was defeated as a candidate for the Twentieth Congress by John Randolph ; was appointed by Pres ident Jackson chief clerk of the Pension Bureau in 1832, and served until he died, at Washington City, in 1850. Crutchfield, William, was born at Greenville, Tennessee, November Id, 1826; received a common- school education ; settled in McMinn County, where he remained until 1840; was a practical farmer; re moved to Alabama in 1S44; became, in 1850, a citizen of Chattanooga, Tennessee; has held several local offices, and was elected a representative from Ten nessee in the Forty-third Congress as a Republican, receiving 10,041 votes against 8,960 votes for D. M. Key, Democrat, serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1875. Culberson, David B., was born in Troup County, Georgia, September 29, 1830; received an academic education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1851, and commenced practice; removed to Texas ; was a member of the State House of Rep resentatives of Texas in 1859, and again in 1864, and to the State Senate in 1866 ; entered the Confederate army as a private in 1862, and was promoted until he became adjutant-general with the rank of colonel ; was elected a representative from Texas in the Forty- fourth Congress as a Democrat, defeating F. W. Sum- ner, Republican, serving from December 6, 1875, to March 3, 1877. Culbreth, Thomas, was born in Kent County, Delaware, in 1786; removed to Carolina County, Maryland ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1813; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Fifteenth Congress as a Demo crat, defeating Colonel Porter, Federalist; and was re-elected to the Sixteenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1817, to March 3, 1821; was clerk of the Executive Council of Maryland 1825-1838; and died at his residence; near Denton, Maryland, May 17, 1843. Cullen, Elisha D., was born at Georgetown, Delaware ; was elected a representative from Dela ware in the Thirty-fourth Congress as an American, receiving 6,820 votes against 0,334 votes for G. R. Riddle, Democrat, and serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1857 ; was defeated as the American candidate for the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving 6,360 votes against 8,111 votes for William G. White- ley, Democrat. Cullom, Alvan, was born in Kentucky; received a thorough English education ; studied law ; was ad mitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Living ston, Tennessee ; was several years a member of the State House of Representatives ; was elected a repre sentative from Tennessee in the Twenty-eighth Con- 354 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. gress as a Democrat, receiving 5,180 votes against 3, 050 votes for Bransford, Whig; and was re-elected to the Twenty-ninth Congress, serving from Decem ber 4, 1843, to March 3, 1847; was a delegate to the Peace Congress of 1801. Cullom, Shelby M., was born in Wayne Coun ty, Kentucky, November 22, 1829; removed with his father to Tazewell County, Illinois, in 1830; was reared on a farm, receiving an academic education ; studied law with John T. Stewart; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Springfield, Illinois; was city attorney of Springfield ; was a presidential elect or in 1856 on the Fillmore ticket; was elected a member of the State House of Representatives in 1856 and 1860; was appointed by President Lincoln, in 1862, on a commission to sit at Cairo for the ex amination of quartermasters accounts and war claims; was defeated as a Union candidate for the State Senate, and for the Constitutional Convention ; was elected a representative from Illinois in the Thirty-ninth Congress as a Union Republican, re ceiving 15,812 votes against 14,027 votes for Stuart, Democrat; was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, receiving 18,623 votes against 14,520 votes for Fowler, Democrat ; and was re-elected to the Forty-first Con gress, receiving 22,193 votes against 19,309 votes for Edwards, Democrat, serving from December 4, 1865, to March 3, 1871 ; was a delegate to the National Repub lican Convention at Chicago in 1868; returning to Springfield, he engaged in banking under the Nation al Banking Law ; was again elected a member of the State House of Representatives in 1872 and 1874, serving the first term as speaker; was elected gov ernor of Illinois in 1877. Cullom, William, was born in Tennessee ; re ceived a public-school education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Carthage, Ten nessee; was tried for killing a man named Davidson, and acquitted, as it was shown that the act was com mitted in self-defence; was elected a representative from Tennessee in the Thirty-second Congress as a Whig, receiving 5,196 votes against 4,145 votes for Southard, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Thir ty-third Congress, receiving 5,630 votes against 5,593 votes for Gar, serving from December "l, 1851, to March 3, 1855; was defeated as the American candi date for the Thirty-fourth Congress, receiving 5,563 votes against 6,016 votes for Savage, Democrat; was elected clerk of the House for the Thirty-fourth Con gress, serving from February 4, 1856, to December 6, 1857. Culpepper, John, was born in Anson County, North Carolina; received a public-school education; became interested in religious matters, and was li censed to preach to the Baptist denomination ; was elected a representative from North Carolina in the Tenth Congress as a Federalist; his seat was con tested by Duncan McFarland, and declared vacant, January 2, 1808, on account of inequalities in elec tion ; he was subsequently re-elected at a new elec tion, and took his seat February 23, 1808, serving to March 3, 1809; was again elected to the Thirteenth Congress, receiving 20(5 majority over John A. Cam eron; and was re-elected to the Fourteenth Congress, serving from May 24, 1813, to March 3, 1817; was de feated as a candidate for the Fifteenth Congress; was again elected to the Sixteenth Congress, serving from December 6, 1819, to March 3, 1821 ; was de feated as a candidate for the Seventeenth Congress by Archibald McNeill ; was again elected to the Eighteenth Congress, receiving a majority of 95 votes over Archibald McNeill, and serving from December 1, 1824, to March 3, 1825; was defeated as a candidate for the Nineteenth Congress; was again elected to the Twentieth Congress, receiving 2,377 votes against 1,989 votes for John A. Cannon, and 1,387 votes for John Gilchrist; and serving from December 3, 1827, to March 3, 1829; declined being a candidate for re election. Culver, Charles Vernon, was born at Logan, Ohio, September 6, 1830; received a business educa tion, and engaged in mercantile pursuits; became largely interested in the development of the oil re gions in Venango County, Pennsylvania, and estab lished national banks as a part of his extensive operations ; was elected a representative from Penn sylvania in the Thirty-ninth Congress as a Republi can, receiving 13,350 votes against 11,940 votes for Corbett, Democrat, and serving from December 4, 1865, to March 3, 1867 ; became bankrupt while he was a member of Congress, and was imprisoned in 1806, but, after a prolonged trial, was acquitted ; re sumed operations in the oil business. Culver, Erastus D., was born in New York; received a classical education, graduating at the Uni versity of Vermont in 1826; studied law; was admit ted to the bar, and commenced practice at Greenwich ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1S38 and 1841 ; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-ninth Congress as a Whig, receiving 7,512 votes against 5,207 votes for Bishop, Democrat, and 474 votes for Corliss, Abolition, serv ing from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1847; was appointed by President Lincoln minister to Venezue la, serving from July 12, 1862, to June 30, 1866. Cumback, Will, was born in Franklin County, Indiana, March 24, 1829 ; received a classical educa tion, graduating at the Miami University, Ohio; taught school for two years; studied law at tho Cincinnati Law School; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Grcensburg, Indiana; was elected a representative from Indiana in the Thirty-fourth Congress as a Republican, receiving 9,061 votes against 8,391 votes for Holman, Democrat, and serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1857; was defeated as the Republican candidate for the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving 8,998 votes against 10,541 votes for J. B. Foley, Democrat ; was a presi dential elector on the Lincoln and Hamilton ticket in 1800 ; was appointed by President Lincoln a pay master in the army. Gumming, Thomas W., was born in Mary land ; removed to Brooklyn, New York ; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 7,228 votes against 6,789 votes for Sanford, Whig, and serving from De cember 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855. Gumming, William, was born at Edcnton, North Carolina; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised; was a delegate to the Continen tal Congress in 1784, and was elected to the House of Commons of North Carolina in 1788. Cummings, Henry J. B., was born at Newton, New Jersey, May 21, 1831 ; received a public-school education; edited a ncAvspaper in Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania, at the age of nineteen; studied law; was admitted to the bar at Williamsport, Pennsyl vania, and commenced practice at Winterset, Iowa, in January, 1856; was elected county prosecuting attorney in August, 1856, and held the office two years and three months, when it was abolished by the new constitution; entered the Union army in July, 1861, and Avas elected captain of Company F, Fourth Iowa Infantry; was commissioned colonel of the Thirty-ninth Iowa Infantry, which he command ed until 1865; became editor and proprietor of " The Winterset Madisonian" in 1869, and still edits and publishes it; was elected a representative from Iowa in the Forty-fifth Congress as a Republican, receiving 19,496 votes against li,684 votes for Samuel J. Gilpin, Democrat, and 2,156 votes for Andrew Hastie, Inde pendent. Cummins, John D., was born in Pennsylvania; received a public-school education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at New Philadelphia, Ohio; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Twenty-ninth Congress as a Democrat; and was re-elected to the Thirtieth Congress, serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1849; died of cholera at Milwaukee, Wisconsin, September 11, 1849. STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 355 Cunningham, Francis A., was born in South Carolina; removed to Eaton, Ohio; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Twenty-ninth Con gress as a Democrat, serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1847. Curry, Jabez Lafayette Monroe, was born in Lincoln County, Georgia, June 5, 1825, and re moved with his father to Talladega County, Alaba ma, in 1838; received a liberal education, graduating at the University of Georgia in 1843 ; studied law, re ceived the degree of L.B. from the Harvard Law School in 1845, and commenced practice in Talladega County in 1845; served in the war with Mexico as a private iu the Texas Hangers in 1846, but resigned on account of ill health ; was a member of the State House of Eepresentativcs in 1847, 1853, and 1855; was a presi dential elector on the Buchanan ticket in 1856; was elected a representative from Alabama in the Thirty- fifth Congress as a State-rights Democrat, without opposition; and was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress without opposition, serving from December 7, 1857, to January 21, 1861, when he retired from the House; was a deputy from Alabama to the Provis ional Confederate Congress, and a representative to the First Confederate Congress ; served as lieutenant- colonel of cavalry in the Confederate army ; became a Baptist preacher after the war ; was chosen presi dent of Howard College, Alabama, in 1865; was chosen professor in a Virginia college in 1868. Curtis, Carlton B., was born in Madison County, New York, December 17, 1811; received an academic education ; studied law, and practised at Warren, and subsequently at Eric, Pennsylvania; was elected to the legislature of Pennsylvania for the sessions of 1836, 1837, and 1838; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-second Congress as a Whig, receiving 6,522 votes against 0,41(5 votes for Walker, Democrat ; and was re-elected to the Thirty- third Congress, receiving 8,321 votes against 4,375 votes for Kcrr, Democrat, serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1855; served in the Union army as colonel of a regiment of Pennsylvania volunteers; and was again elected to the Forty-third Congress as a Republican, receiving 17,742 votes against 16,235 votes for T. L. Kane, Democrat ; was defeated as the Republican candidate to the Forty-fourth Congress, receiving 10,381 votes against 10,393 votes for A. G. Egbert, Democrat. Curtis, Edward, was born in Vermont; re ceived a classical education, graduating at Union College in 1821; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in New-York City with his brother, George Curtis, in 1824; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Whig; and re-elected to the Twenty- sixth Congress as a Whig, receiving 20,458 votes against 19,206 votes for I. L. Varian, Democrat, serving from September 4, 1837, until March 3, 1841 ; was appointed by President Harrison collector of the port of New York, and held the position for nearly four years, when he was removed by President Tyler, to make room for Governor Van Ness; resumed practice at Washington City; was, later in life, de prived of reason; and died, after a lingering illness, in New- York City, August 2> 1856. Curtis, Samuel R., was born in the State of New York February 3, 1807; was reared in Ohio, where he received a public-school education; was appointed a cadet at West Point in 1827, graduating in July, 1831, as brevet second lieutentant in the Seventh Infantry, and resigned in June, 1S32 ; stud ied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Ohio; was chief engineer of the Mus- kingum-river improvements April, 1837-May, 1839; served in the war with Mexico as adjutant-general of Ohio, and as colonel of the Second Ohio Infantry, June, 1846-June, 1847, after which he served as act ing assistant adjutant-general to Brigadier-General Wool ; resumed the practice of law ; was engineer on several important public works ; was elected a repre sentative from Iowa in the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Republican, receiving 18,065 votes against 17,110 votes for Augustus Hall, Democrat ; was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress; was re-elected to the Thir ty-seventh Congress, receiving 33,936 votes against 30,240 votes for Cole, Democrat, serving from Decem ber 7, 1857, to August 6, 1861, when he resigned; served in the Union army as colonel of the Second Iowa Volunteers, brigadier and major general, 1861- 1865; was appointed United-States peace commis sioner to treat with the Indians 1865; was appointed commissioner to examine and report on the Union Pacific Road, and served from November, 1865-April, 1866; and died at Council Bluffs, Iowa, December 25, 1866. Gushing, Caleb, was born at Salisbury, Massa chusetts, January 7, 1800; received a classical edu cation, graduating at Harvard College in 1817, and was tutor of mathematics there 1819-1821; studied law at the Cambridge Law School ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Newburyport in 1823 ; was a member of the State House of Repre sentatives in 1825, and of the State Senate in 1827; visited Europe in 1829; was again a member of the State House of Representatives in 1833 and 1834; was elected a representative from Massachusetts as a Whig in the Twenty-fourth Congress, and re-elected to the Twenty-fifth, Twenty-sixth, and Twenty-sev enth Congresses, serving from December 7, 1835, to March 3, 1843; was appointed by President Tyler commissioner to China, serving from May 8, 1843, to March 13, 1845; was again a member of the State House of Representatives in 1845 and 1846; raised a regiment of Massachusetts volunteers for the war with Mexico, and was commissioned its colonel January 15, 1847; was appointed by President Polk brigadier-general April 14, 1847, and served until July 20, 1848; was defeated as the Democratic can didate for governor of Massachusetts in 1847, and again in 1848; was again a member of the State House of Representatives in 1850 ; declined the posi tion of attorney-general of Massachusetts, offered him in 1851 ; was appointed by Governor Boutwell a judge of the Supreme Court of Massachusetts in 1852; was appointed by President Pierce attorney- general of the United States March 7, 1853 ; was pres ident of the National Democratic Convention at Charleston and Baltimore 1860; was appointed by President Johnson a commissioner to revise and cod ify the statutes of the United States 1866-1870; was appointed by President Grant counsel for the United States before the Geneva tribunal of arbitration on the Alabama claims; was nominated by President Grant to be chief justice of the Supreme Court of the United States in 1874, but was not confirmed by the Senate ; was appointed by President Grant minister to Spain, serving from January 6, 1874, to January 6, 1877. Published a " History of Newburyport," 1826; "Reminiscences of Spain," 1830; "Growth arid Territorial Progress of the United States," 1839; "Life of W. il. Harrison," 1840; and numerous orations and essays. Gushing, Thomas, was born at Boston March 24, 1725; received a classical education, graduating at Harvard College in 1744; studied law; was admit ted to the bar, and practised at Boston; was for many years a member of the Provincial Assembly ; was a member of the Provincial Congress in 1774; was a delegate from Massachusetts to the Continen tal Congress 1774-1776; was commissary-general of Massachusetts in 1775; was judge of the Court of Common Pleas and of Probate in Suffolk County in 1777 ; declined a re-election to the Continental Con gress in 1779 ; was lieutenant-governor of Massachu setts 1779-1788, and acting-governor in 1788; was an agent of the British Society for promoting the Gos pel in New England, and one of the founders of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences ; and died at Boston February 28, 1788. Cushman, John Paine, was boi n at Poinf ret, 356 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Connecticut, in 1784; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1807; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Troy, New York; was elected a representative from New York in the Fifteenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1817, to March 3, 1819; was re corder of the city of Troy; was appointed a regent of the State University from April 2, 1830, until he resigned in April, 1834; was circuit judge 1838-1840; died at Troy, New York, September 16, 1848. Cushman, Joshua, was born at Plymouth, Massachusetts; received a classical education, gradu ating at Harvard College in 1787 ; studied theology, and was licensed to preach ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1811, and a State senator in 1809, 1810, 1819, and 1820; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Sixteenth Congress, serving from December 6, 1819, to March 3, 18:21 ; was elected a representative from Maine in the Seventeenth Congress ; and was re-elected to the Eighteenth Congress, serving from December 3, 1821, to March 3, 1823 ; died at Winslow, Maine, in 1834. Cushman, Samuel, was born at Portsmoiith, New Hampshire, June 8, 1783; received a public- school education; was judge of the Portsmouth Po lice Court, county treasurer 1823-1828, and member of the State council 1833-1835; was nominated by President Jackson to be United-States attorney for the district of New Hampshire, but was rejected by the Senate ; was elected a representative from New Hampshire in the Twenty-fourth Congress as a Democrat; and was re-elected to the Twenty-fifth Congress, serving from December 7, 1835, to March 3, 1839 ; was United-States navy-agent at Portsmouth 1845-1849 ; and died at Portsmouth, New Hampshire, May 20, 1851. Cuthbert, Alfred, was born at Savannah, Georgia; received a classical education, graduating at Princeton College in 1803; studied law; was ad mitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Monti- cello, Jasper County, Georgia; was a member of the State legislature ; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Thirteenth Congress (in place of Wil liam VV. Bibb, appointed senator) as a Democrat; and was re-elected to the Fourteenth Congress, serv ing from February 7, 1814, to 1816, when he re signed; was again elected to the Seventeenth Con gress; was re-elected to the Eighteenth and Nine teenth Congresses, serving from December 3, 1821, to March 3, 1827; was elected United-States senator from Georgia in place of John Forsyth, resigned; and was re-elected for a full term, serving from Jan uary 12, 1835, to March 3, 1843 ; and died at his resi dence, near Monticello, Georgia, July 9, 1856. Cuthbert, John A., was born at Savannah, Georgia, in 1778; received a classical education, graduating at Princeton College in 1805; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Eatonton ; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Sixteenth Congress, serving from December 6, 1819, to March 3, 1821; declined a re-election; was appointed by President Monroe a commissioner to treat with the Creek and Cherokee Indians. Cutler, Augustus W., was born at Morris- town, New Jersey, October 22, 1827; his early life was passed upon a farm ; studied law with Governor Daniel Haines ; was admitted as an attorney in 1850, and as a counsellor in 1853; was prosecutor of the pleas in 1856-1861; was president of the Board of Education in 1870, and has since occupied that posi tion ; was a member of the Constitutional Conven tion of New Jersey in 1873; was elected State senator in 1871 ; was elected a representative from New Jer sey in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, re ceiving 11,677 votes against 11,070 votes for William Walter Phelps, Republican; and was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 15,034 votes against 13,SS2 votes for Mills, Republican, serving from De cember 6, 1875. Cutler, Manasseh, was born at Killingly, Con necticut, May 3, 1742; received a classical and medi cal education, graduating at Yale College in 1765; engaged in the whaling business at Edgarton, Mar tha s Vineyard ; removed to Dedham in 1709 ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar, but abandoned the practice; studied theology with his father-in-law, Rev. Thomas Balch of Dedham; was licensed to preach in 1770, and was ordained minister of the Congregational Society at Hamilton, Massachusetts, September 11, 1771 ; was appointed chaplain of Colo nel Francis s regiment in 1776, and was presented with a horse by his colonel for gallant conduct at the action in Rhode Island of August 28, 1778; became noted for his scientific attainments, and was made a member of the leading scientific, historical, and agricultural societies in this country and Europe; took a prominent part in colonizing Ohio, and, while in attendance upon Congress to secure a land-grant, draughted for Nathan Dane the celebrated Ordinance of 1787, which excluded slavery from the North-west Territory; was appointed by President Washington in 1795 judge of the United-States Court for Ohio, but declined ; was a member of the State House of Representatives; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Seventh and Eighth Congresses as a Federalist, serving from December 7, 1801, until March 3, 1805 ; and died at Hamilton, Massachusetts, July 28, 1823. Cutler, William P. (a grandson of Mannsseh Cutler), was born near Marietta, Ohio, July 12, 1813; was a member of the State House of Representatives of Ohio in 1844, 1845, and 1840, serving the last year as speaker; was a member of the Ohio Constitutional Convention in 1850; was president of the Marietta and Cincinnati Railroad Company; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirty-seventh Con gress as a Republican, receiving 8,560 votes against 8,496 votes for Jewett, Democrat. Cutting, Francis B., was born at New York in 1805; received a classical education, graduating at Columbia College in 1825; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at New York ; was a mem ber of the State House of Representatives in 1836, 1837; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 4,414 votes against 3,398 votes for Brooks, Whig, and serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855; became eminent as a commercial lawyer; was a "war Democrat" in 1863, and advocated the re-elec tion of President Lincoln ; died in New-York City June 26, 1870. Cutts, Charles, was bo-rn in Massachusetts in 1769; received a classical education, graduating at Harvard College in 1790; studied law with Judge Pickering, and was admitted to the bar ; was a mem ber of the New-Hampshire House of Representatives in 1804, and was chosen speaker of the House ; was elected a senator from New Hampshire in place of Nahum Parker, resigned, serving from December 3, 1810, to March 3, 1813; subsequently appointed sena tor to fill a vacancy during recess of the legislature, serving from May 24, 1813, to June 21, 1813, when his successor took his seat; was chosen secretary of the United-States Senate, serving from October 11, 1814, to December 12, 1825 ; died in Fairfax County, Vir ginia, January 25, 1846. Cutts, Richard, was bom at Cutts Island, Saco, Massachusetts (now Maine), June 22, 1771; received a classical education, graduating at Harvard College in 1790; studied law; was engaged in commerce, and became interested in politics; visited Europe; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1799 and 1800; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Seventh Congress as a Demo crat, and was re-elected to the Eighth, Ninth, Tenth, Eleventh, and Twelfth Congresses, serving from De cember 7, 1801, to March 3, 1813; was defeated as the war Democrat candidate for the Thirteenth Con gress by Cyrus King, the peace candidate; was ap pointed superintendent-general of military supplies STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 357 March 4, 1813, and held the office until it was abol ished by law March 3, 1817, when he was appointed second comptroller of the treasury, a position which he retained until 1829 ; he died at Washington City April 7, 1845. Daggett, David, was born at Attleborough, Massachusetts, December 31, 1704; received a clas sical education, graduating at Yale College in 1783; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and com menced practice at New Haven; was initiated into Freemasonry in Hiram Lodge No. 1, at New Haven, in 1791, and was a zealous member of the order through life ; was several years a member of the State legislature ; was a presidential elector in 1805, voting for Charles C. Pinckney, in 1809 voting again for Charles C. Pinckney, and in 1813 voting for De Witt Clinton ; was elected United-States senator from Con necticut as a Federalist (in place of Chauncey Good rich, resigned), serving from May 24, 1813, to March 3, 1819. Daily, Samuel Gr., was born in Indiana in 1819; received a public-school education; removed to the frontier; settled at Peru, Nebraska Territory; was elected a delegate from Nebraska in the Thirty- sixth Congress as a Republican, receiving (as the House decided) 2,790 votes against 2,071 votes for Experience Estabrook, Democrat, who received the certificate of election ; was re-elected to the Thirty- seventh Congress, receiving (as the House decided) 2,908 votes against 2,758 votes for J. Sterling Morton, who unsuccessfully contested the seat; and was again elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, receiving 2,833 votes against 2,180 votes for Keirney, Democrat, serving from May 18, 1800, to March 3, 1805; received the appointment of deputy-collector of customs at New Orleans at the expiration of his congressional term, at the special request of President Lincoln; and held the position until he died, at New Orleans, September 14, 1805. Dallas, George Mifflin, was I)orn at Philadel phia, Pennsylvania, July 10, 1792; received a clas sical education, graduating at Princeton College in 1810; studied law, and was admitted to the bar, but, before commencing practice, went abroad as private secretary to Albert Gallatin, minister to Russia; re turned in 1814, and resumed his legal studies; was appointed deputy-attorney-geiicral at Philadelphia in 1817 ; was made a Freemason in 1818, and rose to be grand master of Pennsylvania in 1834; was mayor of Philadelphia 1825; was United-States district-attor ney for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania 1829- 1831 ; was elected United-States senator from Penn sylvania, on the eleventh ballot, as a Democrat (to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of I. II. Barnard), serving from December 15, 1831, to March 2, 1833; declined a re-election, and resumed practice; was appointed by President Van Buren minister to Russia, serving from March 7, 1837, to July 29, 1839; again resumed practice ; was elected Vice-President in 1844 on the Polk ticket, receiving 170 electoral votes against 105 electoral votes for T. Frelinghuysen, Whig; was appointed by President Pierce minister to Great Britain, serving from February 4, 1801, to May 1(5, 1801; returned to Philadelphia, and died there December 31, 1804. Dalton, Tristam, was born in that part of the town of Newbury afterwards Newburyport, May 28, 1738; received a classical education, graduating at Harvard College in 1760; studied law, and was ad mitted to the bar, but engaged in mercantile pursuits with his father-in-law, Robert Hooper; took a deep interest in the cultivation of " Spring Hill," a fertile estate on an eminence overlooking the Merrimack River, where he entertained Louis Philippe of Or leans, Talleyrand, and other distinguished guests; was a zealous member of the Protestant-Episcopal Church and of the Masonic fraternity, occupying high positions in both; was a leading pre-revolu- tionist, and was a delegate from Massachusetts in the convention of committees of New-England States which first met at Providence, Rhode Island, Decem ber 25, 1770; was one of the first United-States senators from Massachusetts, drawing lot No. 1, and serving from April 14, 1789, to March 3, 1791 ; was persuaded by his personal friend President Washing ton to make large investments in real estate in Wash ington City, which proved unsuccessful; meeting also with heavy losses in business, he was left desti tute, and accepted the position of surveyor of the port of Boston, serving from November 10, 1814, until his death, at Boston, May 30, 1817. Damrell, William S., was born at Portsmouth, New Hampshire, November 20, 1809; received a public-school education ; learned the art of printing, and became the proprietor of a large printing estab lishment at Boston ; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Thirty-fourth Congress as an American, receiving 9,925 votes against 2,273 votes for Satl ord, Whig, and 923 votes for others ; and was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving 10,433 votes against 5,077 votes for A. W. Austin, Dem ocrat, and 1,435 votes for Alfred B. Ely, American, serving from December 8, 1855, to March 3, 1859; was partially paralyzed before the expiration of his term; and died at Dedham, Massachusetts, May 17, 1800. Dana, Amasa, resided at Ithaca, New York; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1828-1829; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-sixth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 9,157 votes against 8,757 votes for William A. Ely, Whig, and serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1841 ; was again elected to the Twenty- eighth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 7,790 votes against 0,020 votes for Woodworth, Whig, and 294 votes for Whitman, Abolition, and serving from De cember 4, 1843, to March 3, 1845. Dana, Francis, was born at Charlestown, Mas sachusetts, June 13, 1743; received a classical edu cation, graduating at Harvard College in 17G2; stud ied law under Judge Trowbridge; was admitted to the bar in 1707, and commenced practice in Boston; was a delegate to the Provincial Congress in 1774; visited England in 1775-1770; was a State councillor 1770-1780; was a delegate to the Continental Con gress from Massachusetts 1770-1778 and 1784; was secretary of legation at London from September 28, 1779, until appointed minister to Russia, December 19, 1780; was re-commissioned secretary of legation at London June 15, 1781; was judge of the Supreme Court of Massachusetts 1785-1792; was a member of the State Convention which adopted the Federal Constitution in 1788; was a founder of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences ; and died at Cam bridge, Massachusetts, April 25, 1811. Dana, Judah, was born at Pomfret, Connecti cut, April 25, 1772; received a classical education, graduating at Dartmouth College in 1795; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice at Frycburg, Massachusetts (afterwards Maine), in 1798; was county-attorney of Oxford County 1805-1811, and judge of probate 1805-1822; was judge of the Circuit Court of Common Pleas 1811- 1823; was a delegate to the convention which framed the Constitution of Maine in 1819; was a member of the Executive Council in 1834; was appointed a United-States senator from Maine as a Democrat (to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Ether Sheplcy), serving from December 21, 1830, to March 3, 1837 ; and died at Fryeburg, Maine, Decem ber 27, 1845. Dana, Samuel, was born at Groton, Massachu setts, June 20, 1707; received a classical education ; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and com menced practice at Charlestown, Massachusetts ; held several local offices; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Thirteenth Congress (in place of William M. Richardson, resigned), serving from September 22, 1814, to March 3, 1815; was a member of the State Senate, and its president; wa,s 358 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. appointed chief justice of the Court of Common Pleas ; and died at Charlestown, Massachusetts, No vember 20, 1835. Dana, Samuel Whittlesey, was born at New Haven, Connecticut, July, 1757; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1775; was elected a representative from Connecticut in the Fourth Congress as a Federalist (in place of Uriah Tracy, resigned); and was successively re-elected to the Fifth, Sixth, Seventh, Eighth, Ninth, and Tenth Congresses; was again re-elected to the Eleventh Congress, but, before taking his seat, was elected to the United-States Senate as a Federalist (in place of James Ilillhouse, resigned) ; and was re-elected in 1815, serving in the two houses from January 3, 1797, until March 3, 1821 ; was for many years mayor of Middletown, Connecticut, where he died July 21,1830. Dane, Joseph, was born at Beverly, Essex Coun ty, Massachusetts, October 25, 1778; received a clas sical education, graduating at Harvard College in 1799 ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and com menced practice at Kennebunk, Maine ; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Conventions of 181(5 and 1819; was elected a representative from Maine in the Sixteenth Congress (to fill a vacancy caiised by the resignation of Mr. Holmes, elected senator) as a Federalist; and was re-elected to the Seventeenth Congress, serving from December 11, 1820, to March 3, 1823 ; was a member of the State House of Repre sentatives 1823-1828, and of the State Senate 1829; declined serving as executive councillor in Maine 1841; and died at Kennebunk, Maine, May 1, 1858. Dane, Nathan, was born at Ipswich, Massachu setts, in 1752 ; received a classical education, gradu ating at Harvard College in 1799 ; studied law ; was admitted *o the bar, and commenced practice at Beverly, Massachusetts ; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1782-1785 ; was a delegate from Massachusetts in the Continental Congress 1785-1788 ; was a member of the State Senate 1790, 1794, 1796-1798; was a commissioner to codify the laws of Massachusetts in 1795, and again in 1812; was a member of the Hartford Convention in 1814 ; was elected a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention of 1820, but declined serving on account of his deafness ; endowed the Dane professorship of law at Harvard College ; and died at Beverly, Mas sachusetts, February 15, 1835. Danf ord, Lorenzo, was born in Belmont Coun ty, Ohio, October 18, 1829; received a common -school education, and attended college two years at Waynes- burg, Pennsylvania; studied and practised law at Saint Clairsville, Ohio; was elected prosecuting-at- torney of Belmont County in 1857, and again in 1859 ; entered the Union army as a private at the breaking-out of the Rebellion, and served as private, lieutenant, and captain, until August, 1804, when he resigned on account of sickness ; was a presidential elector in the Electoral College which gave the vote of Ohio to Abraham Lincoln in 1804; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Forty-third Con gress as a Republican, receiving 14,350 votes against 11,052 votes for C. L. Poorman, Liberal Republican; was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Congress, receiv- . ing 12,097 votes against 10,861 votes for Henry Boyle, Democrat ; and was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Con gress, receiving 10,089 votes against 13,837 votes for Lawrence, Democrat, serving from December 1, 1873. Daniel, Henry, was born in Virginia in 1793; received a public-school education ; removed to Ken tucky when a youth; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Mount Sterling; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1812; served in the war against Great Britain as captain of the Twenty-eighth United-States Infantry from May 20, 1813, to May 18, 1815; was again a member of the State House of Representatives in 181!) and 1820; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Twentieth Congress as a Jackson Democrat, defeating Davis, Clay Democrat; was re- elected to the Twenty-first Congress, defeating Har rison, Clay Democrat; and was re-elected to the Twenty-second Congress, defeating Davis, Whig, serving from December 3, 1827, to March 2, 1833; had an altercation with his brother-in-law at the court-house at Mount Sterling in 1845, and shot him dead ; died at Mount Sterling, Kentucky, October 5, 1873. Daniel, John Reeves Jones, was born in Halifax County, North Carolina ; received a classical education, graduating at the University of North Carolina in 1821; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised witli great success ; was a member of the House of Commons of North Carolina in 1831, 1832, 1833, and 1834 ; was elected attorney-general in 1834; was elected a representative in the Twenty- seventh Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, receiv ing 3,644 votes against 3,489 votes for Nash, Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-ninth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 4,872 votes against 2,729 votes for Bond, Whig; was re-elected to the Thirtieth Con gress as a Democrat, receiving 3,890 votes against 3,419 votes for Arlington, Independent Democrat, and 214 votes for Toole, Whig; was re-elected to the Thirty-first Congress as a Democrat, receiving 4,413 votes against 2,430 votes for Clarke, Democrat ; and was elected to the Thirty-second Congress as a Demo crat without organized opposition, serving from May 1, 1841, until March 3, 1853 ; removed to Louisiana, and died there. Danner, Joel B., resided at Gettysburg, Penn sylvania; was elected a representative from Pennsyl vania in the Thirty-first Congress (in place of Henry Nes, deceased ) as a Whig, serving from December 2, 1850, to March 3, 1851. Darby, Ezra, was born in New Jersey in 1769 ; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Ninth Congress; and was re-elected to the Tenth Congress, serving from December 2, 1805, to Janu ary 28, 1808, when he died at Washington City. Darby, John Fletcher, was born in Person County, North Carolina, December 10, 1803; received a public-school education; his father removed in 1818 to Missouri, where he worked on a farm; went in 1825 to Frankfort, Kentucky, where he studied law; was admitted to the bar in May, 1827, and commenced practice at St. Louis, Missouri ; was a member of the State Senate; was prominently connected with the city government of St. Louis, serving four terms as mayor; was elected a representative from Missouri in the Thirty-second Congress as a Whig, receiving 7,145 votes against 5,600 votes for Rozier, Benton Democrat, and 5,317 votes for Bowlin, anti-Benton Democrat, and serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1853. Dargan, Edward S., was born in North Caro lina; received a public-school education; removed to Washington, Alabama, where he studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice; was elected a justice of the peace; removed to Mont gomery, and subsequently to Mobile; was elected mayor of Mobile in 1844; was elected a representa tive from Alabama in the Twenty-ninth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 4,961 votes against 4,650 votes for W. D. Dunn, Whig, and serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1847; was elected judge of the Supreme Court in 1847, and became chief justice in 1849; resumed the practice of law; was a delegate to the State Convention of 1861, and voted for the ordinance of secession; was a member of the First Confederate House of Representatives, but declined a re-election ; resumed pract ice at Mobile. Darling, Mason C., was born at Bellingham, Massachusetts, May 18, 1801 ; received a public-school education; taught school in the State of New York; studied medicine; graduated at the Berkshire Medi cal College in 1824, and practised for thirteen years; removed to Wisconsin in 1837; was one of the origi- STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 359 nal settlers at Fond du Lac, and its first mayor; was several years a member of the Territorial legislature; was elected one of the first representatives from Wis consin in the Thirtieth Congress as a Democrat, serving from June 9, 1848, to March 3, 1849. Darling, William A., was born at Newark, New Jersey, December 17, 1817; received a public- school education; removed to New York when a lad ; entered a store as clerk, and became a merchant; was for many years connected with the Seventh Regiment, National Guard; was deputy-receiver of taxes for the city of New York 1847-1854; was a presidential elector on the Lincoln ticket in 18GO; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-ninth Congress as a Republican, receiving 5,822 votes against 4,749 votes for Fernando Wood, Mozart Democrat, and 4,897 votes for Anson Herrick, Tammany Democrat, and serving from December 4, 1865, to March 3, 1867; was defeated as the Repub lican candidate for the Fortieth Congress, receiving 7,995 votes against 9,605 votes for Fernando Wood, Democrat. Darlington, Edward, was born in Chester County, Pennsylvania; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-third Congress as a Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-fourth Congress as an anti-Mason, receiving 1,321 votes against 1,075 votes for A. J. Dick, Jackson Democrat; and was re-elected to the Twenty-fifth Congress, receiving 5,524 votes against 4,065 votes for Leiper, Democrat, serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1839. Darlington, Isaac, was born at Westtown, Chester County, Pennsylvania, December 13, 1781; received a public-school education, and worked in his father s blacksmith s shop; studied law; was ad mitted to the bar, and commenced practice at West- town; was a member of the State House of Repre sentatives in 1807; served as lieutenant of Pennsyl vania volunteers in the war of 1812 ; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Fifteenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1817, to March 3,1819; declined are-election; was appointed dcputy- attorney-general for Chester County in 1820; was appointed president-judge of the Chester-county Court in 1821, and served until his death, at Westtown, April 27, 1839. Darlington, William, was born at Birming ham, Chester County, Pennsylvania, April 28, 1782 ; was reared on a farm, where he became a botanist at an early age; received an academic education; stud ied medicine, and received the degree of M.D. from the University of Pennsylvania in 1824; went to the East Indies as surgeon of a ship; returning in 1807, he commenced practice at West Chester, and continued his botanical researches ; raised a company of volun teers at the commencement of the war of 1812, and was major of a volunteer regiment raised after the burning of the Capitol ; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Fourteenth Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 4, 1815, to March 3, 1817 ; was again elected to the Sixteenth Congress, and was re-elected to the Seventeenth Congress,, serv ing from December 6, 1819, to March 3, 1823; was appointed canal commissioner in 1825 ; established a natural-history society at West Chester in 1826; be came noted as a botanist, and was made a corre sponding member of some forty literary and scientific societies in Europe and America; and died at West Chester, Pennsylvania, April 23, 1863. Published the "Flora Cestrica" 1826 and 1853, "Agricultural Botany" 1857, "Correspondence of John Bartram and Humphrey Marshall " 1849, with many papers on botany and natural history. Darragh, Cornelius, was born in Pennsylva nia, and resided at Pittsburg; was elected a repre sentative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Whig (to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of William Wilkins, appointed secretary of war), receiving 1,000 majority; and was re-elected to the Twenty-ninth Congress, serving from March 26, 1844, to March 3, 1847; died at Pittsburg, Penn sylvania, January 20, 1855. Darrall, Chester B., was born in Somerset County, Pennsylvania, June 24, 1842; received a common-school education; studied medicine, and graduated at the Albany Medical College; entered the Union army as assistant-surgeon of ^he Eighty- sixth New- York Volunteers; was promoted to be surgeon, and served throughout the war; settled in Louisiana at the close of the war, and engaged in. mercantile pursuits; was elected to the State Senate of Louisiana in 1868; was elected a representative from Loxiisiana in the Forty-first Congress as a Re publican, receiving (as was determined by the House) 7,436 votes against 7,191 votes for A. Bailey, Demo crat; was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress, receiving 13,220 votes against 8,123 for A. Bailey, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty-third Con gress, receiving 14,396 votes against 7,724 votes for Price, Democrat, and 4,214 votes for Gantt, Liberal Republican; and was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Congress as a Republican, receiving 13,273 votes against 11,921 votes for Joseph A. Breaux, Demo crat; and was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 15,782 votes against 14,695 votes for Joseph H. Achlen, Democrat, serving from July 7, 1869. Davee, Thomas, was born at Plymouth, Mas sachusetts, December 9, 1797; received a public- school education ; removed to Maine, and engaged in mercantile pursuits ; was several years a member of the State Senate and House of Representatives ; was high sheriff of Somerset County; was postmaster at Blanchard; was elected a representative from Maine in the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Democrat ; and was re-elected to the Twenty-sixth Congress, receiving 7,839 votes against 7,042 votes for John S. Tenney, Whig, and 228 votes scattering, serving from Sep tember 4, 1837, to March 3, 1841; died of dropsy al Blanchard, Maine, December 11, 1841. Davenport, Franklin, was born in New Jer sey; received an academic education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Woodbury ; served in the New-Jersey line in the war of the Revo lution; was appointed judge ; was appointed a United- States senator from New Jersey (in place of John Rutherford, resigned), serving from December 19, 1798, to March 3, 1799; was not elected to fill the vacancy when the legislature met; was elected a rep resentative from New Jersey in the Sixth Congress, serving from December 2, 1799, to March 3, 1801. Davenport, James (brother of John Daven port), was born at Stamford, Connecticut, October 12, 1758; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1777 ; served in the commissary de partment in the war of the Revolution; was a judge of the Court of Common Pleas ; was elected a repre sentative from Connecticut in the Fourth Congress (in place of James Hillhouse, elected senator) ; and was re-elected to the Fifth Congress, serving from December 5, 1796, to August 3, 1797, when he died at Stamford, Connecticut. Davenport, John, jun. (brother of James Davenport), was born at Stamford, Connecticut, January 16, 1752; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1770; was a tutor there in 1773-1774; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Stamford, Connecticut; served in the commissary department in the war of the Revolution; was elected a representative from Connecticut in the Sixth Congress as a Federalist; and was re-elected to the Seventh, Eighth, Ninth, Tenth, Eleventh, Twelfth, Thirteenth, and Four teenth Congresses, serving from December 2, 1799, to March 3, 1817; died at Stamford, Connecticut, November 28, 1830. Davenport, John, engaged in mercantile pur suits at Barnesville, Ohio; was several years a mem ber of the State House of Representatives and of the State Senate ; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Twentieth Congress as an Adams man, serv- 360 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. ing from December 3, 1827, to March 3, 1829; was delcated as the Adams candidate for the Twenty- first Congress by William Kennon, Jackson Demo crat; was twice elected by the legislature judge of the Monroe Judicial Circuit; and died at Woodsfield, Ohio, July 25, 1855. Davenport, Thomas, was born in Cumberland County, Virginia; received an academic education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Meadsvillc ; was elected a representative from Vir ginia in the Nineteenth Congress as a Federalist, re ceiving 1,004 votes against 422 votes for James Lanier, 303 votes for B. Graves, and 135 votes for Urquhart ; was re-elected to the Twentieth, Twenty-first, Twen ty-second, and Twenty-third Congresses without op position, serving from December 5, 1825, to March 3, 1835; was defeated as the Whig candidate for the Twenty-fourth Congress by Walter Coles, Democrat; died near Meadsville, Virginia, November 18, 1838. Davidson, Robert H. M., was born in Gads- den County, Florida, September 23, 1832; received an academic education; studied law; was admitted to the -bar, and practised at Quincy ; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1850-1859, and of the State Senate in 1860; retired from the Senate, and entered the Confederate service ; was commissioned captain, major, and lieutenant-colonel ; was a dele gate to the State Constitutional Convention in 1805 ; was a presidential elector on the Greeley and Brown ticket in 1872; and claimed to have been elected to the Forty-fifth Congress as a Conservative Democrat, receiving 13,103 votes against 12,623 votes for Wil liam J. Purman, Republican. Davidson, Thomas G., was born in Jefferson County, Mississippi, August 6, 1805; received an academic education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Baton Rouge, Louisiana; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1833-1840; was elected a representa tive from Louisiana in the Thirty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 4,731 votes against 4,010 votes for Pond, American; was re-elected to the Thirty- fifth Congress, receiving 4,270 votes against 3,512 votes for Watterson, American; and was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving 0,288 votes against 720 votes for Cannon, Republican, serving from December 3, 1.855, to March 4, 1801. Davidson, William, was born in Mecklenburg County, North Carolina, September 12, 1778; received an academic education; was a planter; was a mem ber of the State Senate 1813-1817; was elected a representative from North Carolina in the Fifteenth Congress (in place of Daniel M. Forney, resigned) as a Federalist; and was re-elected to the Sixteenth Congress, receiving 1,708 votes against 1,403 votes for J. Brevard, and 078 votes for "Henry W. Connor, Democrat, serving from December 2, 1818, to March 3, 1821 ; was defeated as a candidate for the Seven teenth Congress by Henry W. Connor, Democrat, who received 30 majority ; was thrown from his car riage, and received injuries which caused his death, at Charlotte, North Carolina, September 10, 1857. Davies, Edward, was born in Pennsylvania; resided at Churchtown; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Whig, receiving 15,178 votes against 11,420 votes for R. Frazer, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Twenty-sixth Congress, serving from September 4, 1S37, to March 3, 1841. Davis, Amos (brother of Garrett Davis), was born at Mount Sterling, Kentucky; received an academic education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Mount Sterling; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1819, 1825, 1827, and 1828; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Twenty-third Congress as a Whig, defeating J. Crawford, also a Whig, and serv ing from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1835; was a candidate for re-election, and canvassed his district after the adjournment of Congress; after speaking three hours at Owingsville, Kentucky, he was seized with bilious colic, and died in a few hours, June 5, 1835. Davis, David, was born in Cecil County, Mary land, March 9, 1815; received a classical education, graduating at Kenyon College, Ohio, in 1832; studied law at Lenox, Massachusetts, and at the New-Haven Law School ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Illinois in the fall of 1835, locating in 1836 at Bloomington ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1844; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention in 1847; was elected in 1848 a judge of one of the circuit courts in Illinois, and held the office by repeated elections until he resigned it in October, 1802; was a delegate to the National Republican Convention at Chicago in I860; was appointed by President Lincoln a judge of the Supreme Court of the United States in October, 1802, and served until March 5, 1877, when he resigned to take his seat as United-States senator from Illinois, having been elected the previous January, by the votes of Independents and Democrats, to succeed John A. Logan, Republican. His term will expire March 3, 1883. Davis, Garrett (brother of Amos Davis), was born at Mount Sterling, Kentucky, September 10, 1801; received an academic education; was employed in the office of the county clerk of Montgomery County, and afterwards of Bourbon County; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1824, and practised at Paris, Kentucky; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1833-1835; was elected a repre sentative from Kentucky in the Twenty-sixth Con gress as a Whig, receiving 4,728 votes against 2,110 votes for Jacob A. Slack, Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress without opposition; was re-elected to the Twenty-eighth Congress, re ceiving 5,788 votes against 4.910 votes for Wickliffe, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Twenty-ninth Congress, receiving 5,809 votes against 5,109 votes for Marshall, Democrat, serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1837; declined a re-election, and resumed his professional and agricultural avocations ; declined a nomination for lieutenant-governor on the ticket headed by John J. Critt enden in 1848 ; was a dele gate to the State Constitutional Convention in 1849 ; was elected United-States senator as an Old-line Whig (to succeed John C. Breckinridge), and was re- elected, defeating B. F. Bristow, serving from De cember 3, 1801, until his death at Paris, Kentucky, September 22, 1872. Davis, George T., was born at Sandwich, Mas sachusetts, January 12, 1810; received a classical education, graduating at Harvard College in 1829; studied law at Cambridge and at Greenfield; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Greenfield in 1832; established " The Franklin Mer cury" in 1833, and conducted it with ability until he sold it in 1830; was subsequently an editorial con tributor to another Greenfield newspaper; was a member of the State House of Representatives one year, and of the State Senate for two years; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Thirty-second Congress as a Whig, on the second trial, defeating Chester W. Chapin, Democrat, and Huntington, Free-soilcr, and serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1853; removed to Portland on marrying as a second wife a resident of that city; was noted as a brilliant table-talker, eliciting even the admiration of Thackeray by the efflorescence of his conversation; and died at Portland, Maine, June 17, 1877. Davis, Henry G., was born in Howard County, Maryland, November 10, 1823; received a country- school education ; lived and worked upon a f ami until 1843; was in the employ of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Company for fourteen years; commenced banking, and mining coal, at Piedmont in 1858; be came president of the Piedmont National Bank, and engaged in mining and shipping coal, manufacturing STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 361 lumber, &c. ; was elected to the House of Delegates of West Virginia in 1805; was a member of the National Democratic Conventions at New York in 1808, and at Baltimore in 1872; was elected to the State Senate of West Virginia in 1808 and 1870; was elected United-States senator from West Virginia as a Democrat (to succeed W. T. Willey, Republican) ; and was re-elected, serving from March 4, 1871. Davis, Henry Winter, was born at Annapolis, Maryland, August 10, 1817; received a classical edu cation, graduating at Kcnyon College in 1837; stud ied law at the University of Virginia; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Alexandria; removed in 1830 to Baltimore, where he practised, and engaged in literary pursuits; was elected a rep resentative from Maryland in the Thirty-fourth Con- frcss as a Republican, receiving 7,988 votes against ,493 votes for May. Democrat; and was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving 10,515 votes against 3,979 votes for Brooks, Democrat; was re- elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving 10,108 votes against 2,790 votes for Harrison, Democrat, serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1801; was again elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, re ceiving 0,200 votes against 20 votes scattering, and serving from December 7, 1803, to March 3, 1805; died at Baltimore, Maryland, December 2), 1805. A eulogy was pronounced on him by his late colleague, Senator A. J. Cresswell, in the hall of the House of Representatives at the Capitol, February 22, 1800. He published "The War of Onnuzd and Ahriman in the Nineteenth Century," 1852; and his collected speeches were published in 1807. Davis, Jefferson, was born in Christian County, Kentucky, June 3, 181)8; received a classical educa tion, and entered Transylvania University, but was appointed a cadet, and graduated at West Point in 1828; was commissioned second lieutenant of the First Infantry July 1, 1828, and promoted first lieu tenant of the First Dragoons March 4, 1833, resign ing June 3P, 1835; engaged in cotton-planting in Warren County, Mississippi ; was a presidential elect or on the Polk and Dallas ticket in 1844; was elected a representative from Mississippi in the Thirty-ninth Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 1, 1845, to June, 1840, when he resigned to command the First Regiment of Mississippi Riflemen in the war with Mexico, serving from June 20, 1840, to July 12, 1847, and distinguishing himself at Monterey and Buena Vista; was appointed brigadier-general May 27, 1847, but declined; was appointed United-States senator from Mississippi to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Jesse Speight, and subsequently elected, serving from December 0, 1847, to November, 1851, when he resigned; was defeated as the Secession candidate for governor in 1851 by H. S. Foote, Union candidate ; was again elected United-States senator, but resigned; was appointed secretary of war by President Pierce, serving from March 7, 1853, to Marcli 3, 1857; was again elected United-States sen ator, serving from Marcli 4, 1857, until he withdrew, January 21, 1801 ; was chosen President of the Con federate States by the Provisional Congress, and was inaugurated February 18, 1801 ; was elected President of the Confederate States for six years, and inaugu rated February 22, 1802 ; was captured by the Union troops at Irwinsville, Georgia, May 10, 1865, impris oned two years at Fortress Monroe, and then released on bail ; became interested in life-insurance and im migration associations, and visited Europe on busi ness therewith connected. Davis, John, was born at Northborough, Massa chusetts, January 13, 1787; received a classical edu cation, graduating at Yale College in 1812; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1815, and commenced practice at Worcester, Massachusetts ; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Nineteenth Congress as a Whig, and was re-elected to the Twen tieth, Twenty-first, Twenty-second, Twenty-third, and Twenty-fourth Congresses, serving from Decem ber, 1825, to June 30, 1834; was governor of Massa chusetts 1834-1835; was elected a United-States senator from Massachusetts, serving from December 7, 1835, to December, 1840, when he resigned; was again governor of Massachusetts 1840-1841; was again elected United-States senator, serving from March 24, 1845, to March 3, 1853; declined a re-elec tion; and died suddenly, at Worcester, Massachu setts, April 19, 1854. Davis, John, was born in Pennsylvania in 1788; removed to Maryland, where he received a public- school education; returned to Pennsylvania in 1812, and located at what is now Davisville; was a farmer and merchant; served as captain in the war of 1812; rose to the rank of major-general of militia; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-sixth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 4,404 votes against 4,138 votes for Matthias Morris, Whig, serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1841 ; was appointed collector of tile port of Philadelphia by President Polk; was a delegate to many state and national Democratic conventions; and died at Davis ville, Pennsylvania, April 1, 1878. Davis, John CK, was born in Fleming County, Kentucky, October 10, 1810; received a public-school education; was a farmer and stock-raiser; removed to Indiana, and settled at Rockville; was sheriff of Parke County 1830, 1831 ; was clerk of the Superior and Inferior Courts of Parke County 1833-1851 ; was elected a representative from Indiana in the Thirty- second Congress as a Democrat, receiving 0,070 votes against 5,814 votes for McGaughey, Whig; and was re-elected to the Thirty-third Congress, receiving 8,007 votes against 0,085 votes for Barbour, Whig, serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1855; was again elected a representative from Indiana in the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 11,137 votes against 9,529 votes for Usher, Repub lican; and was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Con gress as an anti-Leccmpton Democrat, receiving 10,893 votes against 7,584 votes for Secrest, Democrat, serv ing from December 7, 1857, to March 3, 1801 ; died at Terre Haute, Indiaria, January 18, 1800. Davis, John J., was born in Clarksburg, West Virginia, May 1, 1835; was educated at the North western Virginia Academy at that place; studied law ; was admitted to the bar when twenty years of age, and has since practised at Clarksburg; was a member of the State legislature of Virginia in 1801, and of West Virginia in 1870; was a presidential elector on the McClellan ticket in 1804; was one of the delegates from the State at large to the National Democratic Convention at New York in 1808; and was elected a representative from West Virginia in the Forty-second Congress as a Democrat, receiving 11,030 votes against 10,509 votes for N. Goff, jun., Re publican ; and was re-elected to the Forty-third Con gress as an Independent Democrat, receiving 13,301 votes against 12,948 votes for B. Wilson, Greeley Democrat, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1875. Davis, John W\, was born in Cumberland County, Pennsylvania, July 17, 1799; received a classical education; studied medicine; and, after graduating at the Baltimore Medical College in 1821, removed in 1823 to Carlisle, Indiana; was several years a member of the State House of Representa tives, and speaker in 1832; was a commissioner to negotiate an Indian treaty 1834 ; was elected a repre sentative from Indiana in the Twenty-fourth Con gress as a Democrat, serving from December 7, 1835, to March 3, 1837; was again elected a representative from Indiana in the Twenty-sixth Congress as a Dem ocrat, receiving 7,510 votes against 0,217 votes for Ewing, Whig, serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1841; was again elected a representative from Indiana in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 7,107 votes against 0,205 votes for Dunn, Whig; and was re-elected to the Twenty-ninth Congress, receiving 8,183 votes against 5,253 votes for 362 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Farmer, Whig, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1847; was elected speaker December 1, 1845; was commissioner to China January 3, 1848-May 25, 1850; was governor of Oregon 1853-1854; was presi dent of the National Democratic Convention at Bal timore in 1852 ; died at Carlisle, Indiana, August 22, 1850. Davis, Joseph J., was born in Franklin Coun ty, North Carolina, April 13, 1828; was educated at the Louisburg Academy; studied law at Chapel Hill, receiving the degree of bachelor of laws in 1850, and has since been engaged in practice; served in the Confederate army as captain ; was a member of the State legislature in I860, 1807 ; and was elected a representative from North Carolina in the Forty- fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving a majority of 1,028 votes over J. H. Harden, Republican; was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 10,832 votes against 15,229 votes for Young, Repub lican, serving from December 6, 1875. Davis, Noah, was born at Haverhill, New Hampshire, September 10, 1818; removed in 1825 with his parents to Albion, New York; received an academic education; studied law at Lcwiston; was admitted to the bar in 1841, and practised at Gains and at Buffalo; removed in February, 1844, to Albion, and practised there in partnership with Sanford E. Church until May, 1858; was appointed and subse quently twice elected judge of the Supreme Court for the Eighth Judicial District, serving 1857-1868; re moved to New York, and practised in partnership with H. E. Davis; was elected a representative from New York in the Forty-first Congress as a Republican, re ceiving 15,389 votes against 12,099 votes for Gardiner, Democrat, and serving from March 4, 1869, until he resigned, July 15, 1870; was appointed by President Grant United-States attorney for the Southern Dis trict of New York, serving from July, 1870, until he resigned in January, 1873, having been again elected a judge of the Supreme Court of the State of New York. Davis, Reuben, was born in Tennessee, Janu ary 18, 1813; received a public-school education; studied medicine, and was licensed to practice, but, after a few years, abandoned the medical profession, and studied law; removed to Aberdeen, Mississippi, where he practised law; was prosccuting-attorncy for the Sixth Judicial District 1835-1839; was judge of the High Court of Appeals in 1842, but resigned after four months service; served in the war with Mexico as colonel of the Second Regiment Mississippi Volun teers ; was a member of the State House of Repre sentatives 1855-1857; was elected a representative from Mississippi in the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 4,939 votes against 2,025 votes for Clarke, American; and was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving 7,034 votes against 445 votes for Martin, Republican, serving from De cember 7, 1857, to January 12, 1861, when he retired from the House ; served in the Confederate army as brigadier-general, commanding a brigade of sixty- days Mississippi militia in Kentucky; resumed prac tice; was shot dead while defending a prisoner in the court-house at Columbus, Mississippi, by S. M. Meek, the prosecuting-attorney, after a verbal altercation, December 15, 1873. Davis, Richard D., was born in New York; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1818; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice ; was elected a repre sentative from New York in the Twenty-seventh Congress as a Democrat, receiving 5,104 votes against 4,947 votes for Charles Johnston, Whig; and was re- elected to the Twenty-eighth Congress, receiving 6,009 votes against 4,527 votes for Rankin, Whig, and 22 votes for Knerels, Abolition, serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1845. Davis, Roger, was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twelfth Congress as a Demo crat; and was re-elected to the Thirteenth Con gress, serving from November 4, 1811, to March 2, 1815. Davis, Samuel, was born at Bath, in that part of Massachusetts afterwards the State of Maine, in 1774; engaged in mercantile pursuits; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1803 and 1808-1812; was elected a representative from Massa chusetts in the Thirteenth Congress as a Federalist, receiving 1,752 votes against 948 votes for Eames, Democrat, serving from May 24, 1813, to March 2, 1815; was again a member of the State House of Representatives in 1815-1816; died at Bath, Maine, April 17, 1831. Davis, Thomas, was born in Ireland ; emigrated to the United States, and located at Providence, Rhode Island; was a manufacturing jeweller; was a member of the State Senate; was elected a repre sentative from Rhode Island in the Thirty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 5,523 votes against 4,942 votes for King, Whig, and serving from Decem ber 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855. Davis, Thomas T., was born at Middlcbury, Addison County, Vermont, August 22, 1810; received a classical education, graduating at Hamilton College in 1831; studied law at Syracuse, New York; was admitted to the bar in 1833, and commenced practice at Syracuse, but turned his attention to railroads and coal-mining; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Unionist, receiving 13,032 votes against 9,257 votes for Strong, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiving 14,800 votes against 10,404 votes for iluger, Democrat, serving from^December 7, 1863, to March 3, 1807 ; died May 2, 1872. Davis, Timothy, was born at Newark, New Jersey, March, 1794 ; received a public-school educa tion ; removed to Kentucky in 1816, where he com menced practice ; removed in 1837 to Dubuque, Iowa ; was elected a representative from Iowa in the Thirty- fifth Congress as a Republican, receiving 22,885 votes against 5,898 votes for S. Leffler, Democrat, and serv ing from December 7, 1857, to March 3, 1859. Davis, Timothy, was born at Gloucester, Mas sachusetts, April 12, 1821 ; received a public-school education; worked two years in a printing-oflice; was a clerk, and subsequently a merchant, in Boston, residing at Gloucester; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Thirty-fourth Congress as an American, receiving 7,428 votes against 3,231 votes for C. W. Upham, Whig, and 746 votes for Nathan iel J. Lord and others; and was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Republican, receiving 10,044 votes against 3,214 votes for Nathaniel J. Lord, Democrat, and 1,121 votes for Ben: Perley Poore, American, serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1859; was appointed by President Lincoln to a position in the Boston Custom House, which he held several years, and then became an attorney for the prosecution of claims against government. Davis, W^arren R., was born in South Caro lina in 1793; received a classical education, gradu ating at the College of South Carolina in 1810; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1814, and practised; was State solicitor in 1818; was elected a representative from South Carolina in the Twentieth Congress as a Nullificr, receiving 25 majority over John Wilson, Union Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty-first Congress, receiving 61 majority over the Union candidate ; was re-elected to the Twenty- second Congress, receiving 2,930 votes against 2,887 votes for Grisham, Union Democrat; and was re- elected to the Twenty-third Congress, receiving 2,930 votes against 2,887 votes for the Union candidate, serving from December 3, 1827, until his death, at Washington City, January 29, 1835. Davis, W^arren Ransom, was born at Colum bia, South Carolina, May 8, 1793 ; received a classical education, graduating at the South-Carolina College in 1810; studied law; was admitted to the bar at Charleston in 1814, and commenced practice at Pen- STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 363 dleton, South Carolina; was solicitor for the Western Judicial Circuit 1818-1824; was elected a representa tive from South Carolina in the Twentieth Congress as a State-rights Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty-first, Twenty-second, and Twenty-third Con gresses, receiving at the last election 2,930 votes against 2,887 votes, serving from December 3, 1827, to January 2 J, 183") when he died at Washington City. Davis, William Morris, resided at Milestown, Pennsylvania, and was elected a representative from that State in the Thirty-seventh Congress as a Re publican, receiving 10,020 votes against 9,724 votes for Ingersoll, Democrat, and 1,176 votes for Kitten- house, Unionist, and serving from July 4, 1861, to March 3, 1863. Davy, John M., was born at Ottawa, Ontario, June 29, 1835; removed in infancy with his parents to Monroe County, New York ; was thrown upon his own resources at an early age ; received a common- school and academic education; studied law in Roch ester, and was admitted to the bar; was elected district-attorney of Monroe County in 1868 for the term of three years; in April, 1872, was appointed by President Grant collector of customs for the port of Genesee, which office lie held until he was elected a representative from New York in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Republican, receiving 12,770 votes against 12,522 votes for James M. Angle, Democrat, serving from December 6, 1875, to March 3, 1877. Dawes, Henry L., was born at Cummington, Massachusetts, October 30, 1816; graduated at Yale College; was a school-teacher, and edited "The Grcenlield Gazette" and "Adams Transcript;" studied and practised law; was a member of the House of Representatives of Massachusetts in. 1848, 1849, and 1852 ; was a member of the Senate of Mas sachusetts in 1850; was a member of the State Con stitutional Convention of Massachusetts in 1853 ; was district-attorney for the Western District of Massa chusetts from 185 5 until 1857; was elected a repre sentative from Massachusetts in the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Republican, receiving 6,823 votes against 4,533 votes for J. D. Weston, Democrat, and 4,282 votes for Mark Trafton, American; was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving 7,G31 votes against 4,911 votes for Plunkct, Democrat, and 7 votes scattering; was re-elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress, receiving 10,409 votes against 4,396 votes for M. T. Leonard, and 567 votes for J. M. Cole; was re-elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, receiv ing 7,449 votes against 5,785 votes for Chapin, Peo ple s candidate; was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiving 11,594 votes against 6,315 votes for Harvey Arnold, Democrat; was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, receiving 8,125 votes against 4,185 votes for Chapin, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress, receiving 12,260 votes against 7,490 votes for Chapin, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress, receiving 8,419 votes against 7,077 votes for Noble, Democrat, and 368 votes for Bosworth, Prohibitionist; was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress, receiving 12,260 votes against 6,927 votes for J. F. Arnold, Democrat, serv ing from December 7, 1857, to March 3, 1875; de clined being a candidate for election to the Forty- fourth Congress ; he was elected United-States senator to succeed Charles Sumner (whose unex- pired term had been filled by William B. Washburn), and took his seat March 4, 1875. Dawson, John, was born in Virginia in 1762; received a classical education, graduating at Harvard College in 1782; studied law, and was admitted to the bar; was a presidential elector on the Washing ton ticket in 1793; was a member of the State House of Representatives ; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Fifth Congress as a Democrat ; was re- elected to the Sixth, Seventh, Eighth, Ninth, Tenth, Eleventh, Twelfth, and Thirteenth Congresses, serv ing from May 15, 1797, to March 30, 1814, when he died at Washington City. Dawson, John B., was born at Nashville, Tennessee, in 1800; removed to Louisiana, where he became a planter; was several years a nember of the State House of Representatives; was judge of the Parish Court ; was elected a representative from Lou isiana in the Twenty-seventh Congress as a Demo crat, receiving 1,933 votes against 1,920 votes for Morgan, Whig; and was re-elected to the Twenty- eighth Congress, receiving 300 majority, serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1845; died at St. Francis- ville, Louisiana, June 26, 1845. Dawson, John L., was born at Uniontown, Pennsylvania, February 7, 1813; received a classical education, graduating at Washington College ; stud ied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Brownsville, Pennsylvania; was United- States district-attorney for the Western District of Pennsylvania 1845-1848; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-second Congress as a Democrat, receiving 6,404 votes against 6,135 votes for Ogle, Whig; and was re-elected to the Thirty- third Congress, receiving 9,791 votes against 7,460 votes for Gowen, Whig, serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1855; was appointed by President Pierce governor of Kansas Territory, but declined; was again elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, re ceiving 10,234 votes against 10,009 votes for Steward, Unionist; and was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiving 10,855 votes against 10,730 votes for Fuller, Unionist, serving from December 7, 1863, to March 3, 1867; was a delegate to the National Democratic Conventions in 1844, 1848, 1860, and 1868; and died at Uniontown, Pennsylvania, Sep tember 18, 1870. Dawson, William C., was born in Greene County, Georgia, January 4, 1798; received a clas sical education, graduating at Franklin College in 1816; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Greensborough, Georgia ; was grand master of the Freemasons of Georgia; was several years a member of the State Senate and House of Representatives ; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Twenty-fourth Congress (in place of James Coffee, deceased) as a State-rights Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-fifth Congress, receiv ing 28,994 votes on general ticket; was re-elected to the Twenty-sixth Congress, receiving 33,128 votes against 30,989 votes for Campbell, Van Burcn Demo crat ; anu was re-elected to the Twenty-seventh Con gress, receiving 39,619 votes against 35,569 votes for Mark A. Cooper, Van Buren Democrat, serving from December 26, 1836, to September 13, 1841, when he resigned; was appointed judge of the Ochmulgee Circuit in 1845; was elected United-States senator from Georgia, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1855; and died at Greensborough, Georgia, May 5, 1856. Dawson, William J., was born in North Caro lina; was elected a representative from North Caro lina in the Third Congress, and served from Decem ber 2, 1793, to March 3, 1795. Day, Rowland, was born in the State of New York in 1788; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1816-1817; held several local offices at Sempronius, where he resided; was elected a representative from New York in the Eighteenth Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 1, 1823, to March 3, 1825; was again elected to the Twenty-third Congress, serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1835. Day, Timothy C., was born at Cincinnati, Ohio; received a public-school education; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirty-fourth Con gress as a Republican, receiving 7,716 votes against 4,442 votes for Pennington, Democrat, and serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1857; and died at Cincinnati, Ohio, April 15, 1869. Dayan, Charles, was born at Amsterdam, NCAV York, July 16, 1792 ; was brought up on a farm, re ceiving a public-school education; taught school; 364 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. stiidied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Lowville; was a member of the State Senate 1827-1829; was acting lieutenant-governor in 1829; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-second Congress as a Democrat, serving from Decembers, 1831, to March 2, 1833; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1835 and 1830; was district-attorney for Lewis County 1840- 1845 ; died at Lowville December 25, 1877. Dayton, Elias (father of Jonathan Dayton), was born at Elizabethtown, New Jersey, in 1735; re ceived a good English education ; served in the Jer sey Blues in the provincial expedition under Wolfe, which conquered Canada; was a member of the Committee of Safety at the breaking out of the war of the Revolution; was appointed colonel of the Third New-Jersey Regiment, and promoted to the rank of brigadier-general January 7, 1783 ; was elect ed major-general of militia; was elected a delegate to the Continental Congress 1787-1788; and died at Elizabethtown, New Jersey, July 17, 1807. Dayton, Jonathan (son of Elias Dayton), was born in New Jersey October 10, 1700; received a classical education, graduating at Princeton College in 1770 ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, but entered the Continental army as paymaster in the regiment commanded by his father ; served through out the war of the Revolution ; was several years a member of the New-Jersey House of Representatives, and speaker in 1790; was a delegate to the Federal Constitutional Convention 1787; was elected a rep resentative from New Jersey in the Second Congress ; was re-elected to the Third, Fourth, and Fifth Con gresses, serving from October 24, 1791, to March 3, 1799 ; served as speaker during the Fourth and Fifth Congresses ; was elected United-States senator from New Jersey, serving from December 2, 1799, to March 3, 1805; and died at Elizabethtown, New Jersey, October 9, 1824. Dayton, William. Lewis, was born at Baskin- ridge, New Jersey, February 17, 1807; received a classical education, graduating at Princeton College in 1825; studied law at Gould s Law School, Litch- field, Connecticut; was admitted to the bar in 1830, and commenced practice at Trenton, New Jersey ; was a State senator 1830, 1837 ; was judge of the Su perior Court from February 28, 1838, to November 1, 1841, when he resigned; was appointed United-States senator from New Jersey (to till the vacancy caused by the decease of Samuel L. Southard), and subse quently elected, serving from December 7, 1842, to March 3, 1851 ; resumed practice ; was nominated in 1850 Republican candidate for Vice-President on the Fremont ticket, receiving on the informal ballot in the convention 259 votes against 110 votes for Abra ham Lincoln, and received 114 electoral votes against 173 electoral votes for John C. Breckinridge, Demo crat, and 8 electoral votes for A. J. Donelson, Ameri can; was attorney-general of New Jersey 1857-1801; was appointed by President Lincoln minister to France March 18, 1801, and served until he died, at Paris, December 1, 1804. Dean, Benjamin, was born at Clitherve, Eng land, August 14, 1824; came to this country at an early age, and resided at Lowell, Massachusetts; received a classical education at the public schools of Lowell and at Dartmouth College; studied law with Judge Thomas Hopkinson at Lowell, and at the Cambridge Law School; was admitted to the bar in 1845; practised at Lowell, and subsequently at Bos ton ; was a member of the Massachusetts Senate in 1802, 1803, and 1809; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Forty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, receiving (as the House subsequently de termined) 9,315 votes against 9,295 votes for Wai- bridge A. Field, Republican. Mr. Field received the certificate of election on a different return, and took the seat; but Mr. Dean contested it, and was declared entitled to it March 28, 1878, from which day he served. Dean, Ezra, was born in the State of New York in 1791; removed to Wooster, Ohio; held several local oflices; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Twenty-seventh Congress as a Democrat; and was re-elected to the Twenty-eighth Congress, receiving 3,008 votes against 1,588 votes foi Well- house, Whig, serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1845; died at Wooster, Ohio. Dean, Gilbert, was born at Pleasant Valley, Dutchess County, New York ; received a classical edu cation, graduating at Yale College in 1841; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice at Ponghkeepsie in 1844; held several local offices ; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-second Congress as a Democrat, re ceiving 0,218 votes against 5,942 votes for Cruger, Whig; and was re-elected to the Thirty-third Con gress, receiving 9,937 votes against 9,798 votes for Cruger, Whig, serving from December ], 1851, to July 3, 1854, when he resigned, having been ap pointed judge of the Second District of the Supreme Court (in the place of Seward Barculo, deceased), and serving until November 0, 1855; died at Pough- keepsie October 12, 1870. Dean, Josiah, was born at Raynham, Massachu setts, March 10, 1748; received a public-school educa tion; was a presidential elector on the Jefferson ticket in 1805; was a member of the State Senate 1804-1807 ; was elected a representative from Massa chusetts in the Tenth Congress, serving from Octo- bcv 20, 1807, to March 3, 1809; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1810, 1811 ; died October 14, 1818. Dean, Sidney, was born at Glastenbury, Con necticut, November 10, 1818; received a public-school education; was a manufacturer, and afterwards be came a clergyman ; was a member of the State House of Representatives; was elected a representative from Connecticut in the Thirty-fourth Congress as an American, receiving 8,055 votes against 3,877 votes for White, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty- fifth Congress as a Republican, receiving 0,082 votes against 5,000 votes for J. A. Hovey, Democrat, serv ing from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1859; re moved in 1800 to Rhode Island, where he was pastor of a church; became the editor of "The Providence Press." Deane, Silas, was born at Groton, Connecticut, December 24, 1737; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1758; engaged in mer cantile pursuits at Weathersfield, Connecticut; was prominent in the ante-Revolutionary movements; was a delegate from Connecticut to the Continental Congress 1774-1770; was sent on a secret mission to France in March, 1770, and was commissioned as am bassador, with Franklin and Lee, in September, 1770; negotiated and signed the treaty with France of Feb ruary 0, 1778, and personally secured the services of Lafayette, De Kalb, and other foreign officers ; was recalled in 1777, and investigated by Congress, Lee having charged him with financial irregularities ; re turning to France to procure transcripts of his pecu niary transactions there, he found that the publication of some of his confidential despatches had imbittered the French Government against him, and he was forced to go to Holland, and thence to Great Britain, impoverished, and feeling that he had been injured; he died at Deal, England, August 23, 1789. Congress, in 1842, vindicated his reputation by deciding that a considerable sum of money was due him, and direct ing the payment of it to his heirs. He published several political pamphlets. Dearborn, Henry (father of Henry A. S. Dear born), was born at Hampton, New Hampshire, Feb ruary 23, 1751 ; received an academical education ; studied medicine under Dr. Jackson of Portsmouth ; was licensed, and commenced practice at Nottingham Square in 1772; was captain of a company of minute- men, which he led to Cambridge the day after the battle of Lexington in 1775, and served with distinc- STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 365 tion throughout the Revolutionary war; removed to Monmouth, Maine, in June, 1784; was elected briga dier-general of militia in 1787, and major-general in 1789; was appointed by President Washington United-States marshal for the District of Maine in 1789; was elected a representative from one of the Maine districts of Massachusetts in the Third Con gress as a Democrat, and was re-elected to the Fourth Congress, serving from December 2, 1793, until March 3, 1797; was appointed by President Jefferson secre tary of war, serving from March 4, 1801, until March 7, 1809; was appointed by President Madison collector of the port of Boston in 1809, and served until ap pointed senior major-general in the United-States army January 27, 1812, and detailed to the command of the Northern Department : he was in command at the capture of York (now Toronto) April 27, 1813, and Fort George May 27, 1813, but was recalled from the frontier July 0, 1813, and placed in command of the city of New York ; was appointed by President Monroe minister plenipotentiary to Portugal, serving from May 7, 1822, until June 30, 1824, when he was recalled at his own request; he settled at lioxbury, annually revisiting his farm in Maine ; and died at Eoxbury, Massachusetts, June G, 1829. Dearborn, Henry Alexander Scammell (son of H. Dearborn), was born at Exeter, New Hampshire, in 1783; received a classical education, graduating at William and Mary College in 1803; studied law with Judge Story; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Salem, Massachu setts; was collector of customs at Boston 1812-1829; was brigadier-general commanding the volunteers at Boston during the war of 1812; was a member of the State Constitutional Convention of 1820; was a mem ber of the State House of Representatives 1829, and State senator 1830; Avas elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Twenty-second Congress, serv ing from December 5, 1831, to March 2, 1833; was adjutant-general of Massachusetts 1834-1843; was mayor of Roxbury 1847-1851 ; and died at Portland, Maine, July 29, 1851. He published "The Commerce of the Black Sea," " Life of Henry Dearborn," " Life of Commodore Bainbridge," and "Life of Christ." Deberry, Edmund, was born at Mount Gilead, North Carolina, August 14, 1787; received a public- school education; engaged in agricultural pursuits; was a member of the State Senate 180G-1811, 1813, 1814, 1820, 1821, 1820-1828; was elected a representa tive from North Carolina in the Twenty-first Congress as an Adams man, receiving 200 majority over John A. Cameron, Jackson Democrat, and serving from December 7, 1829, to March 3, 1831 ; was defeated as the Adams candidate for the Twenty-second Con gress, receiving 3,073 votes against 3,082 votes for L. Bethune, Jackson Democrat; was again re-elected to the Twenty-third Congress, receiving 37 majority over Laurence Bethune, Jackson Democrat; was re- elected to the Twenty-fourth Congress as a Whig, receiving 480 majority over Bethune, Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty-fifth Congress, receiving 760 majority over Bethune, Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty-sixth Congress, receiving 3,649 votes againsi 2,753 votes for W. A. Morris, Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress, receiving 891 majority ; and was re-elected to the Twenty-eighth Congress, receiving 2,063 votes against 1,851 votes for Mendell, also a Whig, serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1845 ; was again elected to the Thirty-first Congress as a Whig, receiving 4,899 votes against 4,299 votes for G. W. Caldwell, Democrat, and serv ing from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1851 ; died at Mount Gilead, North Carolina, December 12, 1859. De Bolt, Rezin A., was born in Fairfield Coun ty, Ohio, January 20, 1828; received a common-school education ; worked on a farm until in his seventeenth year, when he was apprenticed for three years to a tanner; after serving his time, he followed his trade for a few years, in the mean time studying law; was admitted to the bar in February, 1850; removed to Trenton, Grundy County, Missouri, in 1858, and commenced practice; was appointed in 1859 com missioner of common schools for Grundy County, and was elected to the same office in I860, serving until the commencement of the civil war; entered the Union army in 1861 as captain in the Twenty- third Missouri Volunteer Infantry; was captured at the battle of Shiloh April 6, 1862, and held as prisoner until the following October; resigned his commis sion in 1863 on account of impaired health; in 1864 he again entered the United-States service as major in the Forty-fourth Missouri Volunteer Infantry, and was mustered out in August, 1865 ; was elected judge of the Circuit Court for the Eleventh Judicial Circuit of Missouri in November, 1863, which office he held by re-election until January 1, 1875; and was elected a representative from Missouri in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 11,722 votes against 11,505 votes for Ira B. Hyde, Republican, serving from December 6, 1875, to March 3, 1877. Deering, Nathaniel C., was born at Denmark, Maine, September 22, 1827; was educated at public schools and at North-Bridgeton Academy; was a member of the State House of Representatives of Maine in 1855 and 1856 ; removed to Osage, Iowa, in 1857; was a clerk of the United-States Senate 1861- 1865; was special agent of the post-office department for the district comprising Minnesota, Iowa, and Ne braska, 1865-1869; was national-bank examiner for the State of Iowa 1869-1877 ; and was elected a rep resentative from Iowa in the Forty-fifth Congress as a Republican, receiving 20,770 votes against 9,339 votes for Cyrus Foreman. Democrat. Defrees, Joseph H., was born at Carthage, Tennessee, May 13, 1812; received a public-school education; learned the art of printing; removed to Indiana, and engaged in mercantile pursuits; was sheriff of Elkhart County 1836-1840; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1849, and of the State Senate in 1850; was elected a representa tive from Indiana in the Thirty-ninth Congress as a Unionist, receiving 14.617 votes against 14,037 votes for Joseph K. Edgerton, Democrat, and serving from December 4, 1805, to March 3, 1867. Degener, Edward, was born in Brunswick, Germany, October 20, 1809; received an academic education, partly in England and partly in Germany ; was twice member of a legislative body in Anhalt- Dessau, and was a member of the first German par liament in Frankfort ; came to the United States in 1850, and settled in Sistcrdalc, Texas, as a farmer; was court-martial led and imprisoned by the Confed erates for his devotion to the Union cause; after his release he remained in San Antonio, and engaged in mercantile pursuits; was a member of the Constitu tional Convention in 1866, in which he offered the first resolution in favor of universal suffrage; was again a member of the Constitutional Convention in 1868, and was elected a representative from Texas in the Forty-first Congress as a Republican, receiving 9,312 votes against 9,240 votes for Ilayncs, Democrat, and 949 votes for Varncll, Democrat, serving from March 31, 1870, to March 3, 1871. De Graff, John I., was born at Schenectady, New York; received an academic education; was elected a representative from New York in the Twentieth Congress, serving from December 3, 1827, to March 3, 1829 ; was again elected to the Twenty- fifth Congress, serving from September 4, 1S37, to March 3, 1839; died at Schenectady, New York, June 26, 1848. Deitz, W^illiam, was born in Schoharie County, New York; received a public-school education; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1814, 1815 ; was elected a representative from New York in the Nineteenth Congress, serving from December 5, 1825, to March 3, 1827 ; was a member of the State Senate 1830-1833; died cat Schoharie, New York. De Jarnette, Daniel C., was born near Bowl ing Green, Virginia, in 1822; received a liberal edu- 366 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. cation; devoted himself to agricultural pursuits; served several years in the State House of Repre sentatives ; was elected a representative from Virginia to the Thirty-sixth Congress as an anti-administration Democrat, receiving 5,581 votes against 5,481 votes for J. L. Caskie, Democrat, and serving from Decem ber 5, 1859, to March 3, 1801; was elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress, hut did not serve; was a representative from Virginia in the First and Second Confederate Congresses 1802-1865. Delano, Charles, was horn at Braintree, Massa chusetts, in 182 J; received a classical education, graduating at Amherst College in 1840; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1842, and commenced practice at Northampton, Massachusetts; was ap pointed treasurer of Hampden County in 1850; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Republican, receiving 6,847 votes against 3,270 votes for Osgood, Democrat, and 508 votes for Trafton, American; and was re- elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress, receiving 10,021 votes against 2,528 votes for Josiah Allis, Democrat, and 744 votes for B. Leavitt, American, serving from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 1803. Delano, Columbus, was born at Shoreham, Vermont, in 1809 ; removed to Mount Vernon, Ohio, in 1817; received an academic education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1831, and practised at Mount Vernon; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Twenty-ninth Congress as a Whig, de feating McNulty, Democrat, and serving from De cember 1, 1845, to March 3, 1847; was presented to the Whig State Convention of 1847 as a candidate for the nomination for governor; was defeated by two votes; was a delegate to the National Republican Convention at Chicago which nominated Lincoln and Hamlin; served as State commissary-general of Ohio in 1801 ; was presented to the Republican members of the Ohio legislature in 1802 as a candidate for the nomination for United-States senator, but was de feated by two votes ; was a member of the Ohio House of Representatives in 1803; was a delegate to the National Republican Convention at Baltimore which nominated Lincoln and Johnson ; was again elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress as a Republican, receiv ing 11,870 votes against 11,051 votes for Charles Fol- let, Democrat; the election was contested, but the House decided that he was entitled to the scat ; was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, receiving (as the House determined) 12,848 votes against 12,707 votes for George W. Morgan, Democrat, who obtained the certificate of election, but was voted out of the seat June 3, 1808, and Mr. Delano recognized, making his term of service from December 4, 1805, to March 3, 1809 ; was appointed by President Grant commissioner of internal revenue March 5, 1809, and transferred to the position of secretary of the interior, sen-ing from November 1, 1870, to October 19, 1875, when his resignation, which had been tendered a year before, was accepted. Delaplaine, Isaac C., was born at New York; received a liberal education; studied law; was ad mitted to the bar, and practised ; was elected a repre sentative from New York in the Thirty-seventh Con gress as a Fusionist, receiving 13,570 votes against 9,417 votes for Wakeman, Republican, and serving from July 4, 1801, to March 3, 1863. De Large, Robert C., was born at Aiken, South Carolina, March 15, 1842; received such an education as was then attainable; was a farmer; was an agent of the Freedmen s Bureau from May, 1807, to April, 1868, when he was elected a member of the State Constitutional Convention; was a member of the House of Representatives of the State legislature in 1868-1869 and 1S70; was one of the State commis sioners of the sinking fund; was elected in 1870 State land commissioner, and served until he was elected a representative from South Carolina in the Forty-second Congress as a Republican, receiving 16,080 votes against 15,700 votes for C. C. Bovvcii, In dependent Republican; was appointed a trial-justice, which office he held when he died at Charleston, South Carolina, February 15, 1874. Dellet, James, was born in Ireland in 1788, and immigrated to South Carolina when young; re ceived a classical education, graduating at the Uni versity of South Carolina in 1810; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1813, and commenced prac tice ; removed to Alabama in 1818, and located at Claiborne; was elected to the first House of Repre sentatives under the State Government in 1819, and was its speaker ; was re-elected in 1821 and 1825 ; was an unsuccessful Whig candidate for Congress in 1833; was elected a representative from Alabama in the Twenty-sixth Congress as a Whig, receiving 4,132 votes against 3,930 votes for John Murphy, Demo crat, serving from December 2, 1839, until March 3, 1841; was again elected to the Twenty-eighth Con gress as a Whig, receiving 4,843 votes against 4,708 votes for Henry Goldthwait, Democrat, and serving from December 1, 1845, until March 3, 1847; he after wards devoted himself to the management of his large property; and died at Claiborne December 21, 1848. Deming, Benjamin F., was born at Danville, Vermont; received a public-school education; en gaged in mercantile pursuits; was for sixteen years clerk of the county courts; was elected a representa tive from Vermont in the Twenty-third Congress as a Whig, serving from December 2, 1833, to July 11, 1834, when he (lied at Saratoga Springs, New York. Deming, Henry C., was born in Connecticut; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1830 ; studied law ; graduated at the Har vard Law School in 1838; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at New-York City, con tributing to several periodicals; removed in 1847 to Hartford, Connecticut; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1849, 1850, 1859, 1800, and 1801, serving the last year as speaker, and of the State Senate in 1851 ; was several years mayor of Hartford ; entered the Union army in 1861 as colonel of the Twelfth Connecticut Volunteers, and partici pated in the occupation of New Orleans; was ap pointed mayor of New Orleans under martial law, serving from October, 1802, to February, 1803, when he resigned his commission ; was elected a represen tative from Connecticut in the Thirty-eighth Con gress as a Republican, receiving 10,493 votes against 10,158 votes for Hyde, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiving 10,019 votes against 8,033 votes for Mitchell, Democrat, serving from December 7, 1803, to March 3, 1807; was de feated as the Republican candidate for the Fortieth Congress, receiving 11,447 votes against 11,994 votes for Richard D. Hubbard, Democrat; was appointed by President Lincoln collector of internal revenue in 1839, and served until his death, from apoplexy, at Hartford, Connecticut, October 9, 1872. De Mott, John, was born in New Jersey; re moved at an early age to New York ; received a pub lic-school education; was a member of the State legislature in 1833; was prominent as a Freemason; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-ninth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 0,581 votes against 0,387 votes for Holley, Whig, and 034 votes for Gaylord, Abolitionist, and serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1847. Denison, Charles, was born in the Wyoming Valley, Pennsylvania, January 23, 1818; received a classical education, graduating at Dickinson College in 1829; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Wilkesbarre; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 11,408 votes against 9,041 votes for Grow, Unionist; was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiving 10,573 votes against 10,058 votes for Winthrop W. Ketcham, Unionist; and was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, receiv ing 15,280 votes against 13,274 votes for Archibald, STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 367 Republican, serving from December 7, 1863, to June 27,1867, when he died at Wiikesbarre, Pennsylvania. Denison, Dudley Chase, was born at Royal- ton, Vermont, September 13, 1819; received a clas sical education, graduating at the University of Ver mont in 1840; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1844, and has practised since; was a member of the State Senate of Vermont in 1853 and 1854, and of the State House of Representatives in 1861, 1862, and 1863; was State s attorney 1858-1860; was United- States district-attorney for the District of Vermont; and was elected, on the second trial, a representative from Vermont in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Re publican, receiving 8,295 votes against 4,079 votes for Luke P. Poland, Republican, and 1,524 votes forL. P. McLane, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 14,430 votes against 5,739 votes for Dickey, Democrat, serving from December 6, 1875. Denning, William, was born in the State of New York, and was elected a representative from that State in the Eleventh Congress, but resigned be fore that Congress met. Dennis, George R., was born at White Haven, Somerset County, Maryland, April 8, 1822 ; was grad uated at the Polytechnic Institute of Troy, New York, and then entered the University of Virginia; studied medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, being graduated in that institution in 1843; practised his profession for many years, but retired, and has since devoted his attention principally to agricultural pur suits; is president of the Eastern-Shore Railroad; was a delegate from the State at large to the Nation al Whig Convention which nominated Fillmore at Philadelphia in 1856, and also to the Democratic Na tional Convention at New York in 1868, serving as one of the vice-presidents of that body ; was elected to the State Senate of Maryland in 1854, to the House of Delegates in 1867, and again to the Senate in 1871 ; and, while filling this position, was elected United- States senator from Maryland as a Democrat (to suc ceed George Vickcrs), serving from March 4, 1873. Dennis, John (father of John Dennis), was born in Somerset County, Maryland, in 1807; received a classical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, but devoted himself to agricultural pursuits; was twice a member of the State House of Represen tatives; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Fifth Congress, and was re-elected to the Sixth, Seventh, and Eighth Congresses, serving from May 15, 1797, to March 3, 1805 ; died at Philadelphia August 17, 1807. _ Dennis, John (son of John Dennis), was born in Somerset County, Maryland, in 1807; received a liber al education, and studied law, but devoted himself to agricultural pursuits ; was twice a member of the State House of Representatives ; was elected a repre sentative from Maryland in the Twenty-fifth Con gress, and was re-elected to the Twenty-sixth Con gress, receiving 3,182 votes against 2,801 votes for Stewart, Democrat, and 36 votes for Donaho, Whig, serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1841 ; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention of 1850; and died of consumption at his rural home, near Princess Anne, Maryland, November 1, 1859. Dennis, Littleton Purnell, was born in Mary land; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1803; served several years in the State Senate and House of Representatives; was a presidential elector in 1800, 1812, 1816, 1824, and 1828; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Twenty-third Congress as a Whig, receiving 208 ma jority over Stewart, Democrat, and serving from De cember 2, 1833, to 1834, when he died at Washington City. Dennison, George, was born in Luzerne Coun ty, Pennsylvania; received an academic education; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Wiikesbarre; was several years a mem ber of the State legislature, and recorder of Luzerne County ; was elected a representative from Pennsylva nia in the Sixteenth Congress as a Democrat, and was re-elected to the Seventeenth Congress, serving from December 6, 1819, to March 3, 1823; died at Wiikesbarre, Pennsylvania, in 1831. Denny, Arthur A., was born in Indiana May 7, 1822 ; was taken by his parents to Knox County, Illinois, in 1834; received a public-school education; was surveyor of Knox County 1843-1851 ; removed to the Pacific coast in 1851, and located at Puget s Sound, afterwards Washington Territory ; was a mem ber of the Territorial legislature 1853-1861 ; was regis ter of the land-office at Olympia 1861-1865; was elect ed a delegate from Washington Territory in the Thir ty-ninth Congress, serving from December 4, 1865, to March 3, 1867. Denny, Harmar, was born at Pittsburg, Penn sylvania, in 1794; received a classical education, graduating at Dickinson College; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Pittsburg; was a member of the State legislature ; was elected a repre sentative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-first Con gress as an anti-Mason, receiving 4,208 votes against 3,092 votes for James S. Stevenson ; was re-elected to the Twenty-second, Twenty-third, and Twenty-fourth Congresses as a Whig, serving from December 7, 1829, to March 3, 1837; died at Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, January 29, 1852. Denoyelles, Peter, was born in New York; re ceived an academic education ; was elected a repre sentative from New York in the Thirteenth Congress as a Democrat, serving from May 24, 1813, to March 2, 1815. Dent, George, was born in Maryland; received a classical education; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Third Congress as a Democrat, and was re-elected to the Fourth, Fifth, and Sixth Congresses, serving from December 2, 1793, to March 3, 1801 ; was elected speaker pro tcmporc April 20, 1793 (during the illness of Mr. Speaker Dayton), and served two days; was appointed by President Jefferson, in 1801, United-States marshal for the Potomac District. Dent, William B. "W., was born in Maryland; received an academic education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Newnan, Georgia; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Thirty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 6,706 votes against 6,363 votes for Calhoun, Whig, and serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855; died at iiis residence at Newnan, Georgia, after a long illness, September 9, 1855. Denver, James "W., was bora at Winchester, Virginia, in 1818; received a public-school education ; removed in 1841 to Missouri, where he taught school ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar; served in the war with Mexico as captain; removed to Califor nia in 1850; was appointed secretary of state of Cali fornia; was elected a representative from California in the Thirty-fourth Congress as an anti-Broderick Democrat, receiving 37,676 votes against 36,524 votes for Bowie, Whig, and serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1857; was appointed by President Bu chanan commissioner of Indian affairs April 17, 1857; resigned, to serve as governor of Kansas, June 17, 1858, and was re-appointed November 8, 1858, serv ing to March 13, 1859; was a delegate to the Soldiers Convention at Cleveland in 1866; located at Wash ington City, and practised there. Desaussure, W^illiam P., was born at Charles ton, South Carolina, in 1792; received a classical education, graduating at Harvard College in 1810; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Charleston ; was appointed United-States senator (to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of R. B. Rhett, resigned), serving from December 20, 1852, to March 3, 1853. Desha, Joseph (brother of Robert Desha), was born in Pennsylvania December 9, 1768; removed to Kentucky in 1781 ; served in the Indian wars under Generals Wayne and Harrison; was a member of the State legislature; was elected a representative from 368 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Kentucky in the Tenth Congress ; was re-elected to the Eleventh, Twelfth, Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth Congresses, serving from October 20, 1807, to March 3, 1819; was governor of Kentucky 1824- 1823; and died at Georgetown, Kentucky, October 13, 1842. Desha, Robert (brother of Joseph Desha), was born in Pennsylvania; removed to Tennessee early in life ; served in the war of 1812 as captain and brigade- major; was elected a representative from Tennessee in the Twentieth Congress, and was re-elected to the Twenty-first Congress without opposition, serving from December 3, 1827, to March 3, 1831 ; died Feb ruary 8, 1849. Destrihan, John Noel, was elected United- States senator from Louisiana, receiving 21 votes against 10 votes for Mr. Brown, but resigned in 1812, having never taken his seat. Dewart, Lewis, was born in Pennsylvania; re sided at Sunbury; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-second Congress as a Jackson Democrat, serving from December 5, 1831, to March 2, 1833. Dewart, William L., was born in Pennsylva nia; received an academic education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Sunbury, Pennsylvania; was defeated as the Demo cratic candidate for the Thirty-fourth Congress, re ceiving 5,081 votes against 5,384 votes for James II. Campbell, Whig; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Demo crat, receiving 8,959 votes against 0,418 votes for Campbell, Republican, and serving from December 7, 1857, to March 3, 1859; was defeated as the Demo cratic candidate for the Thirty-sixth Congress, re ceiving 4,803 votes against 7,153 votes for James H. Campbell, Republican. Deweese, John T., was born in Crawford Coun ty, Arkansas, June 4, 1835 ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice; entered the Union army in 1801 ; was promoted lieutenant-colonel in 1803, and, at the conclusion of the war, was com missioned a lieutenant in the army; resigned, and was appointed register in bankruptcy for North Caro lina; was elected a representative from North Caro lina in the Fortieth Congress as a Republican, receiv ing a majority of 2,500 votes; and was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress, receiving 14, 790 votes against 13,55 J votes for Rogers, Democrat, serving from July 6, 1808, to February 28, 1870, when he resigned. Dewey, Daniel, was born at Sheffield, Massa chusetts, January 29, 1700; received a classical edu cation, passing two years at Yale College; studied law with Judge Scdgewick at Stockbridge ; was ad mitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Wil- liamstown, Massachusetts, in May, 1787; was treas urer of Williams College 1798-1814; was a member of the governor s council in 1809 and 1812; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Thir teenth Congress, serving from May 24, 1813, to 1814, when he resigned; was appointed by Governor Strong a judge of the Supreme Court of Massachu setts in 1814, and served until he died, May 20, 1815. De Witt, Alexander, was born at New Brain- tree, Massachusetts, April 2, 1798; received a public- school education; engaged in manufacturing, and erected a large mill for spinning thread at Oxford; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1830-1830; was a commission-merchant in Boston 1837-1840; was a State senator in 1842, 1844, 1850, and 1851 ; was a member of the Constitutional Con vention of 1853; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Thirty-third Congress as an American, receiving 10,228 votes against 1,702 votes for Isaac Davis, Democrat, and 1,015 votes for Ira M. Barton, Whig ; and was re-elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress, receiving 8,795 votes of the 11,420 votes cast, serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1857; was defeated as the American candidate for the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving 4,414 votes against 8,920 votes for Eli Thayer, Republican, 2,987 votes for N. Wood, Democrat, and 292 votes for J. G. Thurston, National American. De Witt, Charles, was born at Kingston, New York, in 1728; received a classical education; was elected a delegate from New York in the Continental Congress 1783-1785; and died at Kingston, New York, September 12, 1787. De Witt, Charles G., was born at Newburg, New York, in 1802 ; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-first Congress as a Demo crat, serving from December 7, 1829, to March 3, 1831; was appointed by President Jackson charge d affaires to Central America January 29, 1833, serv ing until February, 1839; returned home, and died at Newburg, New York, April 13, 1839. De Witt, David Miller, was born at Paterson, New Jersey, November 25, 1837; received his early education at the public schools of Brooklyn, a select school at Saugerties, and Kingston Academy; gradu ated at Rutgers College, New Brunswick, June, 1858; studied law in New York and Brooklyn, and practised at Kingston; was elected district-attorney of Ulster County in the fall of 1802, and re-elected in the fall of 1805 ; and was elected a representative from New York in the Forty-third Congress as a Democrat, re ceiving 12,031 votes against 12,014 votes for J. Max well, Republican, serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1875. De Witt, Jacob H., was born in Ulster County, New York, in 1784; was elected a representative from New York in the Sixteenth Congress as a Democrat, serving from December G, 1819, to March 3, 1821; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1839 and in 1847; and died at Kingston, New York, January 30, 1857. D Wplfe, James, was born at Bristol, Rhode Island, in 1703; was elected United-States senator from Rhode Island, serving from December 3, 1821, to December, 1825, when he resigned ; died at New- York City, December 21, 1837. Dexter, Samuel, was born in Massachusetts May 14, 1701 ; received a classical education, gradu ating at Harvard College in 1781; studied law at Worcester with Levi Lincoln; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice ; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1788-1790; was elect ed a representative from Massachusetts in the Third Congress as a Federalist, serving from December 2, 1793, to March 3, 1795; was elected United-States senator, serving from December 2, 1799, until he re signed in June, I860; was appointed by President Adams secretary of war May 13, 1800, and secretary of the treasury December 31, 1800; was removed by President Jefferson, but became an earnest supporter of his Democratic war-policy ; was offered the mis sion to Spain by President Madison, and declined it; was a leading practitioner before the Supreme Court; and died at Athens, New York, on his way home from Washington with his family, May 3, 1810. Pub lished "The Progress of Science" (a poem) 1780, " Speeches and Political Papers," and several politi cal pamphlets. Dibrell, George Gibbs, was born in White County, Tennessee, April 12, 1822; received a com mon-school education, and attended East-Tennessee University one session; is a fanner and merchant; has held several local offices ; was elected a member of the State Constitutional Convention of Tennessee in February, 1801, on the Union ticket; was elected to the State legislature of Tennessee in August, 1801 ; entered the Confederate army as private; was elected lieutenant-colonel, and promoted colonel and briga dier-general of cavalry; was detailed to escort the executive officers and treasure of the Confederate Government after the evacuation of Richmond, and did so from Greensborough, North Carolina, to Wash ington, Georgia, where his command was paroled May 11, 1805; was a member of the Const itutional Convention of Tennessee in 1870; was elected a rep- STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 369 reset cative from Tennessee in the Forty-fourtli Con gress as a Democrat, receiving 9,559 votes against 4,597 votes for D. M. Nelson, Republican, and 372 votes for William B. Stokes, Independent Repub lican ; and was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 13,132 votes against 8,218 votes for Drake, Republican. Dick, John, was born at Meadville, Pennsylva nia; received a public-school education ; engaged in mercantile pursuits; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-third Congress as a Whig; was re-elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress, receiving no opposition; and was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Republican, receiving 8,944 votes against 4,215 votes for McFadden, Democrat, serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1859. Dick, Samuel, was born in New Jersey ; received a classical education; studied medicine, and prac tised; was a delegate from New Jersey in the Conti nental Congress in 1783 and 1784 ; and died in New Jersey in November, 1812. Dickens, Samuel, was born in North Carolina; received an academic education; was elected a rep resentative from North Carolina in the Fourteenth Congress (in place of Richard Stanford, deceased), serving from December 2, 1810, to March 3, 1817. Dickerson, Mahlon (brother of Philemon Dickcrson), was born at Hanover, New Jersey, April 17, 1770; received a classical education, graduating at Princeton College in 1789; studied law; was ad- milted to the bar in 1793, and commenced practice at Philadelphia; was quartermaster-general of Pennsyl vania 1805-1898; was recorder of the city court of Philadelphia 1808-1810; removed back to New Jersey, and was a member of the State House of Represen tatives in 1814; was governor of New Jersey 1815- 1817; was elected United-States senator from New Jersey as a State-rights Democrat, favoring protec tion, serving from December 1, 1817, to March 2, 1833; was appointed by President Jackson secretary of the navy June 30, 1834, and re-appointed by Presi dent Van Buren, serving until June 30, 1838 ; was United-States district-judge of the District of New Jersey; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention in 1844; was president of the American Institute 1840-1848; and died at his residence, Suca- sanny, Morris County, New Jersey, October 5, 1853. Dickerson, Philemon (brother of Mahlon Dickcrson), was born in Morris County, New Jersey, in 1792; received a liberal education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Paterson, New Jersey; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Twenty-third Congress as a Democrat, and was re-elected to the Twenty-fourth Congress, serving from December 2, 1833, to 1830, when he resigned ; was governor of New Jersey in 1830; was again elected to the. Twenty-sixth Con gress, serving from March 10, 1840, to.March 3, 1841 ; was judge of the United-States District Court for the District of New Jersey; and died at Paterson, New Jersey, December 10, 1802. Dickey, Jesse C., was born in Chester County, Pennsylvania ; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-first Congress as a Whig, receiving 5,786 votes against 5,100 votes for Hemp- hill, Democrat, and serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1851. Dickey, John, was born at Beaver, Pennsyl vania; received a public-school education; was elect ed a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twen ty-eighth Congress as a Whig, receiving 4,9G2 votes against 4,903 votes for Leet, Democrat, and serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1845 ; was again elected to the Thirtieth Congress, serving from De cember 0, 1847, to March 3, 1849; was appointed United-States marshal for the Western District of Pennsylvania; and died at Beaver, Pennsylvania, March 14, 1853. Dickey, Oliver J., was born in Old Brighton, Pennsylvania, April G, 1823; received an academic education; passed through the junior year at Dick inson College; studied lav/ with Thaddcus Stevens in Lancaster, and practised; never held any public office, except district-attorney for Lancaster County from 1850 to 1859; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Fortieth Congress (to fill the va cancy caused by the death of Thaddeus Stevens), and re-elected to the Forty-first Congress as a Republican, receiving 14,993 votes against 8,074 votes for Swarr, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress, receiving 9.722 votes against 7,411 votes for A. K. Witner, Independent, serving from Decem ber 7, 1808, to March 3, 1871; died at Lancaster, Pennsylvania, of typhoid pneumonia, April 21, 1870. Dickinson, Daniel Stevens, was born at Goshen, Connecticut, September 11, 1800; was taken by his father to Chenango County, New York, in 1800; received a public-school education; taught school, and studied the classics and mathematics without a master; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1826, and in 1831 commenced practice at Bing- hamton, New York; was a State senator 1837-1840; was lieutenant-governor, president of the Senate, and president of the Court of Errors, 1842-1844; was a regent of the University of New York in 1843; was a delegate to the National Democratic Convention, and a presidential elector on the Polk ticket, in 1844; was appointed United-States senator (to fill the va cancy occasioned by the resignation of N. P. Tal- madgc, appointed governor of Wisconsin) as a Demo crat, and was subsequently elected, serving from December 9, 1844, to March 3, 1851 ; was a delegate to the National Democratic Convention of 1852; was elected attorney-general of the State of New York in 1801; was a delegate to the National Republican Convention of 18G4; was appointed by President Lincoln United-States district-attorney for the South ern District of New- York; died suddenly, at New- York City, April 12, 1860. Dickinson, David W., was born at Franklin, Tennessee, in 1807 ; received an academic education ; was elected a representative from Tennessee in the Twenty-third Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1835; was again elected to the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Whig, receiving 6,137 votes against no opposition, and serv ing from December 4, 1843, to June 12, 1844; was prevented by ill health from attending the last ses sion of his term, and died near Murfreesborough, Tennessee, April 27, 1845. Dickinson, Edward, was born at Amherst, Massachusetts, January 1, 1803; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1823 ; stud ied law; was admitted to the bar in 1826, and prac tised at Amherst; was for many years treasurer of Amherst College; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1839, of the State Senate in 1842-1843, and of the governor s council in 1846- 1847; was elected a representative from Massachu setts in the Thirty-third Congress as a Whig, receiv ing 4,160 votes against 1,625 votes for S. F. Cutler, Democrat, and 1,507 votes for E. Hopkins, Free-soil Democrat, and serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855 ; was again a member of the State House of Representatives in 1873 ; and died June 16, 1874. Dickinson, Edward F., was born at Fremont, Ohio, January 21, 1829; graduated at the St. Xavier College, Cincinnati, Ohio; studied law; was admit ted to the bar, and practised at Fremont ; served over three years in the Union army as lieutenant and regimental quartermaster of the Eighth Ohio Infan try ; was elected judge of the Sandusky-county Pro bate Court in 1866; and was elected a representative from Ohio in the Forty-first Congress as a Democrat, receiving 10,322 votes against 14,677 votes for Gib son, serving from March 4, 1869, to March 3, 1871. Dickinson, John, was bom in Maryland No vember 13, 1732; received a classical education; studied law at Philadelphia, and afterwards at the 370 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Temple in London; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Philadelphia; was a membei of the Pennsylvania Assembly in 1764; was a dele gate from Delaware to the Colonial Congress in 17G5, and to the Continental Congress in 1774-1770 and 1779-1780; served in the war of the Revolution a brigadier-general of Pennsylvania militia; was presi dent of the State of Delaware in 1781; removed to Philadelphia; was president of the State of Pennsyl vania 1782-1785; was a member of the conventions which framed the Federal Constitution and the con stitution of Delaware; died at Wilmington, Dela ware, February 14, 1808. His political writings were published in two volumes in 1801. Dickinson, John D., was born in Middlesex County, Connecticut, in 1767; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1785 ; stud ied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Troy, New York ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1817 ; was elected a representative from New York in the Sixteenth Congress as a Federalist, and was re-elected to the Seventeenth Congress, serving from December 6, 1819, to March 3, 1823; was again elected to the Twentieth Congress as a Whig, and was re-elected to the Twenty-first Congress, serving from December 3, 1827, to March 3, 1831 ; died at Troy, New York, January 28, 1841. Dickinson, Philemon, was born near Dover, Delaware, April 5, 1739; received a classical educa tion; studied medicine with Dr. Allison, and com menced practice near Trenton, residing on a small farm, which he cultivated; served in the army of the Revolution, commanding the New-Jersey militia at the battle of Monmouth; was elected a delegate in the Continental Congress ; was elected United-States senator from New Jersey (in place of William Pat terson, resigned), serving from December 0, 1790, to March 2, 1793; died at Trenton, New Jersey, Feb ruary 4, 1809. Dickinson, Rudplphus, was born in Massa chusetts in 1798; received a public-school education; removed to Lower Sandusky, Ohio; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirtieth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 7,404 votes against 5,184 votes for Watson, Whig, and serving from December 6, 1847, to March 3, 1849; died at Washington City March 12, 1849. Dickson, John, was born in Vermont; received a classical education, graduating at Middlebury Col lege in 1808; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at West Bloomfield, New York; was a member of the State House of Repre sentatives in 1829, 1830; was eleeted a representa tive from New York in the Twenty-second Congress as a Whig; and was re-elected to the Twenty-Third Congress, serving from December 5, 1831, to March 3, 1835. Dickson, Samuel, was born in New York in 1807; received a classical education; studied medi cine, and practised at New Scotland, New York ; was elected a representative from New York in the Thir ty-fourth Congress as a Whig, receiving 4,G38 votes against 3,244 votes for Pruyn, Democrat, 4,270 votes for Harcourt, American, and 2,255 for Hamilton, Democrat, and serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1857; contracted a spinal disease while faithfully attending the sessions of the House, and died at New Scotland, New York, May 3, 1858. Dickson, William, was born in Tennessee; received a public-school education ; engaged in agri cultural pursuits ; was elected a representative from Tennessee in the Seventh Congress; and was re- elected to the Eighth and Ninth Congresses, serving from December 7, 1801, to March 3, 1807. Dillingham, Paul, jun., was born at Shutcs- bury, Massachusetts, August 0, 1800; was taken by his father to Waterbury, Vermont, in 1805; received an academic education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1824, and commenced practice at Wa terbury; was a justice of the peace 1826-1844; was town-clerk of Waterbury 1829-1844 ; was prosecuting- attorncy for Washington County 1835-1838; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention 183G, 1837 ; was a member of the State House of Repre sentatives 1830-1840, and of the State Senate 1841, 1842; was elected a representative from Vermont in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, receiv ing 0,317 votes against 4,957 votes for Chandler, Whig, 797 votes for Putnam, Abolition, and 377 votes for others; and was re-elected to the Twenty-ninth Congress, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1847. Dimmick, Milo M., was born in Monroe County, Pennsylvania; received a classical educa tion by his own exertions ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Stroutlsburg, Pennsylvania; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-first Congress as a Dem?- ocrat, receiving 7,704 votes against 4,444 votes for Wheeler, Whig; and was re-elected to the Thirty- second Congress, receiving 0,400 votes against 399 votes scattering, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1853; resumed the practice of law; and was elected in 1853 president-judge of the Twenty-second Judicial Circuit of Pennsylvania; died at Mauch Chunk, Pennsylvania, November 21, 1872. Dimmick, William H., was born at Milford, Pennsylvania, December 20, 1815; received a clas sical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Honesdale, Penn sylvania; was prosecuting-attorney for Wayne County in 1836, 1837; was a member of the State Senate 1845, 1840, and 1847; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 11,235 votes against 5,065 votes for S. E. Dimmick, Unionist ; and was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving 8,009 votes against 6,566 votes for D. K. Shoemaker, Unionist, serving from December 7, 1857, to March 3, 1861; died at Honesdale, Pennsylvania, August 2, 1861. Dimock, Davis, jun., was born in Susque- hanna County, Pennsylvania; and was elected a representative from that State in the Twenty-seventh Congress, serving from May 31, 1841, until his death at Montrose, Pennsylvania, of disease contracted at the previous extra session of Congress, January 13, 1842. Dinsmoor, Samuel, was born at Windham, New Hampshire, July 1, 1706; received a classical education, graduating at Harvard College in 1789; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Keene, New Hampshire; held several commissions successively in the militia; was elected a representative from New Hampshire in the Twelfth Congress as a War Democrat, serving from Novem ber 4, 1811, until March 3, 1813; was defeated as a candidate for re-election to the Thirteenth Congress as a War Democrat, receiving 15,996 votes against 18,611 votes for R. Vose, Peace Federalist; was State :ouncillor in 1821 ; was a presidential elector on the Munroe ticket in 1821 ; was defeated as a candidate or governor by Lcvi Woodbury; was judge of pro bate for Cheshire County 1823-1831 ; was a member of the commission which established the boundary- ine between New Hampshire and Massachusetts in 1825; was governor of New Hampshire 1831-1833; and died at Keene, New Hampshire, March 15, 1835. Disney, David Tiernan, was born in Balti more, Maryland, in 1803; received a public-school education; removed to Ohio with his parents in 1807; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and com menced practice at Cincinnati; was several years a member of the State House of Representatives, scrv- ng three years as speaker; took an active part in. sending men, and munitions of war, to Texas during the struggle of that State for independence; was lected a representative from Ohio in the Thirty-first Congress as a Democrat, receiving 9,292 votes against 6,297 votes for Strait, Whig, and 2,158 votes for STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 371 Lewis, Free-soil Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-second Congress, receiving 10,640 votes, with out opposition; and was re-elected to the Thirty- third Congress, receiving 5,852 votes against 4,317 votes for Cassilly, Whig, and 82 votes for Jolly, Free- soil Democrat, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1855; was tendered by President Buchanan the mission to Spain, but declined it; and died at Washington City, after a brief illness, of lung-fever, March 14, 1857. Diven, Alexander S., was born at Catharine, New York, February 15, 1809 ; received an academi cal education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Elmira; was a member of the State Senate in 1858; was elected a representa tive from New York in the Thirty-seventh Congress as a Republican, receiving 13,482 votes against 10,088 votes for Dowe, Democrat, and serving from July 4, 1SG1, to March 3, 18G3. Dix, John Adams, was born at Boscawen, New Hampshire, July 24, 1798; received an academical education; entered the United-States army as ensign; served throughout the war of 1812, and resigned in 1828 ; travelled in Europe ; having studied law while he was in the army, he was admitted to the bar on his return, and commenced practice at Coopcrstown; was adjutant-general of New York in 1831; was sec retary of the National Democratic Convention which renominated Jackson at Baltimore in 1832; was secretary of state of New York in 1833; was a regent of the university, member of the council, and canal commissioner; was a member of the State House of Representatives from Albany in 1842; was elected a United-States senator from New York (to fill the vacancy occasioned by the death of Silas Wright) as a Democrat, and served from January 27, 1845, to March 3, 1849; was appointed postmaster of the city of New York in 1860; was secretary of the treasury January 11, 1861, to March 3, 1861; served in the Union army as major-general 1861-18(i5; declined the mission to the Netherlands; was naval officer of the port of New York ; was minister to France from September 24, 18G6, to May 23, 1869; was governor of the State of New York in 1873-1875 ; was defeated as the Republican candidate for governor in 1874, and as the Republican candidate for mayor of the city of New_ York in 1876_. Dixon, Archibald, was born in Caswell County, North Carolina, April 2, 1892; removed with his father to Henderson County, Kentucky, in 1805; re ceived a public-school education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1824, and commenced prac tice at Henderson, Kentucky; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1830 and 1841, and of the State Senate in 1836; was lieutenant-governor in 1843; was a member of the State Constitutional Convention in 1849, and was elected United-States senator from Kentucky (to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Henry Clay) as a Whig, serving from December 20, 1852, to March 3, 1855; was an advo cate of peace during the war of the Rebellion, and was a delegate to the Frankfort Peace Convention in 1863; died at Henderson, Kentucky, April 24, 1876. Dixon, James, was born at Enfield, Connecti cut, August 5, 1814; received a classical education, graduating from Williams College in 1834 ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Hart ford, Connecticut; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1837, 1838, and 1844; was elected a representative from Connecticut in the Twenty-ninth Congress as a Whig, receiving 7,612 votes against 6,941 votes for Thomas II. Seymour, Democrat ; and was re-elected to the Thirtieth Con gress, serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1849; was an editorial contributor to "The Hartford Courant;" was again a member of the State House of Representatives in 1854, and an unsuccessful can- date for the Whig nomination for United-States sen ator; was elected. United-States senator as a Repub lican (to succeed Francis Gillette, Free-boiler), and was re-elected, serving from March 4. 1857, to March 3, 18C9; was prominent in the attempt to organize a Johnson party in 1866 ; was defeated as the Demo cratic candidate for United-States senator in 1868; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for repre sentative in the Forty-first Congress, receiving 10,885 votes against 11,620 votes for J. L. Strong, Repub lican; died of heart-disease at Hartford, Connecti cut, March 27, 1873. Dixon, Joseph Henry, was born in North Carolina; served in the war of the Revolution; was elected a representative from North Carolina in the Sixth Congress, serving from December 2, 1799, to March 3, 1801. Dixon, Nathan F. (father of Nathan F. Dixon), was born at Plainfield, Connecticut, 1774; received a classical education, graduating at Brown University in 1799; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1802, and commenced practice at Westerly, Rhode Island; was a member of the General Assembly 1813-1839; was elected a United-States senator fi-om Rhode Island as a Whig, serving from December 2, 1839, to his death, at Washington, January 29, 1842. Dixon, Nathan F., was born at Westerly, Rhode Island, May 1, 1812; graduated at Brown University; studied at the Cambridge and New- Haven Law Schools; practised law; was a member of the General Assembly of Rhode Island in 1840- 1849, 1851, 1852, 1855-1863; was one of the governor s council appointed by the General Assembly during the troubles in 1842; was presidential elector in 1844; was elected a representative from Rhode Island in the Thirty-first Congress as a Whig, receiving 2,822 votes against 2,197 votes for Thurston, Coalitionist, and serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1851 ; was again elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Republican, receiving 4,202 votes against 3,180 votes for Browne, Democrat ; was re-elected to the Thirty- ninth Congress, receiving 2,881 votes against 1,291 votes for Bradford, Democrat ; was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, receiving 2,669 votes against 1,480 votes for Carder, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress, receiving 4,135 votes against 2,640 votes for Waterhouse, Democrat, serving from December 7, 1863, to March 3, 1871; declined a re election to Congress, and resumed practice; was again elected to the General Assembly in 1872, 1873, 1874, 1875, 1876, and 1S77. Doane, William, was born in Maine; received a public-school education; removed to Ohio; filled several local offices; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Twenty-sixth Congress as a Demo crat ; and was re-elected to the Twenty-seventh Con gress, serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1843. Dobbin, James Cochrane, was born at Fay- ettcville, North Carolina, in 1814 ; received a classi cal education, graduating at the University of North Carolina in 1832; studied law with Robert Strange; was admitted to the bar 1835, and practised success fully at Fayetteville ; was elected a representative from North Carolina in the Twenty-ninth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 5,242 votes against 3,236 votes for Houghton, Whig, and served from Decem ber 1, 1845, until March 3, 1847, declining a re-elec tion; was a member of the House of Commons in 1848, 1850, and 1852, and was chosen speaker in 1850; was a member of the Democratic National Conven tion at Baltimore in 1852; was appointed secretary of the navy by President Pierce, serving from March 7, 1853, until March 6, 1857; and died at Fayetteville, North Carolina, August 4, 1857. Dobbins, Samuel A., was born in Burlington County, New Jersey, April 14, 1814; was educated in common and select schools; is extensively en gaged in farming; was high sheriff of Burlington County from 1854 until 1857 ; was a member of the State legislature from 1859 until 1862; was elected a representative from NCAV Jersey in the Forty-third Congress as a Republican, receiving 14,192 votes 372 CONGRESSIONAL DIEECTOEY. against 11,787 votes for S. C. Forker, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Congress, receiv ing 13,997 votes against 13,011 votes for A. J. Smith, Democrat, serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1877. Dockery, Alfred, was born in Richmond Coun ty, North Carolina, December 11, 1797; was a plant er; was a member of the House of Commons of North Carolina in 1822, and State senator in 1836- 1844; was elected a representative from North Caro lina in the Twenty-ninth Congress as a Whig, serving from December 1, 1845, until March 3, 1847, and declined re-election; was again elected to the Thirty-second Congress as a Whig, receiving 5,352 votes against 4,277 votes for G. W. Caldwell, Demo crat, and serving from December 1, 1851, until March 3, 1853; was defeated as the Whig candidate for governor in 1854, receiving 40,020 votes against 48,705 votes for Bragg, Democrat; was opposed to secession, and became a Republican after the war; and died at his residence in Richmond County, North Carolina, December 7, 1875. Dockery, Oliver H., was born in Richmond County, North Carolina, August 12, 1830; a son of the Hon. Alfred Dockery, an ex-member of Con gress, a man of prominence and influence in the State of North Carolina for the last thirty years; he received a good education, graduating at the University of North Carolina in 1848 ; read law, but never practised, and was a farmer; represented his county in the legislature of 1858 and 1859; was the district-elector for the Union ticket under Bell and Everett in 1800; was for a short time In the Confed erate service, but honorably withdrew therefrom, and ever afterwards took a bold and manly stand for the re-establishment of the National Government, and a speedy restoration of North Carolina to her original position therein ; he was active and enthu siastic in the peace movement in 1804 in his State under the leadership of Governor Holden ; was elected a representative from North Carolina in the Fortieth Congress as a Republican, serving from July 13, 1808, to March 3, 1871 ; and was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress as a Republican, receiving 15,314 votes against 13,353 votes for McKoy, Demo crat. Dodd, Edward, was born at Salem, Washing ton County, New York, 1805; received a public- school education; engaged in mercantile pursuits; was clerk of Washington County 1835-1844; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention of 1840; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-fourth Congress as a Whig, receiving 6,700 votes against 0,358 votes for Clark, Democrat, 2,428 votes for Hughes, Democrat, and 2,399 votes for Andrews, Temperance ; and was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving 11,717 votes against 5,033 votes for Cramer, American, and 5,373 votes for Gray, Democrat, serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1859. Doddridge, Philip, was born at Wellsbury, Western Virginia, 1708; he was reared on a farm, where he taught himself Latin; studied law, and won distinction at the bar; was elected a representa tive from Virginia in the Twenty-first Congress, and re-elected to the Twenty-second Congress without opposition, serving from December 7, 1829, to his death at Washington, November 19, 1832, while in the performance of official duties as one of a com mittee appointed to prepare a code of laws for the District of Columbia. Dodge, Augustus C. (son of Henry Dodge), was born at St. Genevieve, Missouri, January 2, 1812; received a public-school education; removed to Burlington, Iowa, and was register of the land- office there 1838-1840; was elected a delegate from Iowa in the Twenty-sixth Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty-seventh, Twenty-eighth, and Twenty-ninth Congresses, serving from Decem ber 8, 1840, to March 3, 1847; was elected United- States senator from Iowa on its admission as a State, serving from December 20, 1848, to his resignation, February 8, 1855; was appointed by President Pierce minister to Spain, serving from February 9, 1855, to March 12, 1859 ; was a delegate to the National Democratic Convention at Chicago in 1804 ; was elected mayor of Burlington on an Independent ticket February 2, 1874. Dodge, Grenville M., was born at Danvers, Massachusetts, April 12, 1831 ; graduated at the Military University, Norwich, Vermont ; studied civil engineering; was engineer in several important public works, and became chief engineer of the Union Pacific Railroad ; entered the Union army in 1801 as captain, and rose to the rank of major-gen eral ; was elected a representative from Iowa in the Fortieth Congress as a Republican, receiving 14,290 votes against 9,898 for Tuttle, Democrat, serving from March 4, 1S07, to March 3, 1809. Dodge, Henry (father of Augustus C. Dodge), was born at Vinccnnes, Indiana, October 12, 1782; received a frontier-school education ; removed to Missouri ; entered the volunteer service when a young man, and was engaged in the Black-Hawk and other Indian wars at the North-West; was com missioned major of United-States Rangers in June, 1832, and the first colonel of the First United-States Dragoons March 4, 1833, resigning in July, 1830; was appointed by President Jackson governor of Wisconsin, serving from July 4, 1830, to 1841 ; was elected delegate from Wisconsin in the Twenty- seventh Congress as a Democrat, and was re-elected to the Twenty-eighth Congress, serving from De cember 7, 1841, to March 3, 1845; was appointed by President Polk governor of Wisconsin February 0, 1846 ; was elected one of the first United-States sen ators from the State of Wisconsin as a Democrat, receiving 60 votes against 23 votes for Collins, Whig; and was re-elected, serving from June 23, 1848, to March 3, 1857. Dodge, "William B., was born at Hartford, Connecticut, September 4, 1805; received a public- school education; removed to New York when thirteen years of age, and entered a store as clerk; commenced business on his own account in 1820, establishing the house of Phelps, Dodge, & Co., of which he was the head for forty years ; was a dele gate to the Peace Convention of 1801 ; claimed to have been elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-ninth Congress (James Brooks having received the certificate of election and taken the scat) ; and the House decided, April 0, 1800, that he had received 8,378 legal votes against 8.362 legal votes for James Brooks, which entitled him to the seat, serving from April 7, 1800, to March 3, 1807. Doe, Nicholas B., was born in New York, and was elected a representative from that State in the Twenty-sixth Congress (in the place of Anson Brown, deceased) as a Whig, serving from December 7, 1840, to March 3, 1841. Doig, Andrew W., was born in Washington County, New York; received a public-school educa tion; taught school; was county surveyor and clerk; was a member of the State Hoiise of Representatives in 1832; was surrogate of Washington County 1835- 1840 ; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-sixth Congress as a Democrat, receiv ing 5,043 votes against 3,835 votes for Seth Miller, Whig; and was re-elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress, receiving 0,182 votes against 4,774 votes for H. W. Doolittle, Whig, serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1843; went to California in 1849, but returned to Lowville, New York. Donley, Joseph B., was born at Mount Morris, Pennsylvania, October 10, 1838; graduated at Waynes- burg College in 1859; was engaged in teaching; entered the Union army in 1862, serving as a captain in the Eighty-third Illinois Infantry; graduated at the Law University of Albany, New York, in May, 1806; was appointed register in bankruptcy for the STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 373 Twenty-fourth District in May, 1867; and was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Forty-first Congress as a Republican, receiving If}, 800 votes against 12,737 votes for Crawford, Democrat, serving from March 4, 1809, to March 3, 1871. Donnan, W^illiam. GK, was born at West Charl- ton, New York, June 30, 1834; his early education was received on the farm, at the district-school, and at the Cambridge Academy; he entered Union Col lege, New York, in 1853, and graduated in 1856; he removed in September, 1856, to Independence, Iowa, where he studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1857 ; in September of that year he was elected treasurer and recorder of Buchanan County, and held the office by re-election until 1862 ; he entered the Union army as a private in 1802, and was pro moted to the grade of first lieutenant, and brevetted captain and major for efficient services in the field, and served to the close of the Rebellion ; he was a member of the State Senate of Iowa in 1808 and 1870, and was elected a representative from Iowa in the Forty-second Congress as a Republican, receiving 15,927 votes against 10,901 votes for Stoneman, Demo crat ; and was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress, receiving 13,654 votes against 11,774 votes for J. T. Stoneman, Democrat and Liberal; declined being a candidate for re-election, having served from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1875. Donnell, Richard S., was born at New Berne, North Carolina; was elected a representative from North Carolina in the Thirtieth Congress as a Whig, receiving 4,293 votes against 3,924 votes for Lane, Democrat, and serving from December 6, 1847, to March 3, 1849. Donnelly, Ignatius, was born at Philadelphia November 3, 1831 ; received a public-school educa tion, graduating from the high school of that city; studied and practised law; went to Minnesota in 1857 ; was elected lieutenant-governor of Minnesota in 1859, and was re-elected in 1801; was elected a representative from Minnesota in the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Republican, receiving 6,920 votes against 4,921 votes for Cullen, Democrat; was elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiving 10,874 votes against 8,211 votes for John M. Oilman, Democrat ; and was re-elected to the Fortieth Con gress as a Republican, receiving 12,022 votes against 7,754 votes for Colville, Democrat, and serving from December 7, 1863, to March 3, 1869. Doolittle, James R., was born at Hampden, New York, January 3, 1815; graduated at Geneva College, New York; studied and practised law; was district-attorney of Wyoming County, New York, for several years, and removed to Wisconsin in 1851 ; was elected judge of the First Judicial Circuit of Wisconsin in 1853, and held the office until he re signed in 1856; was elected United-States senator from Wisconsin as a Democratic Republican (to suc ceed Henry Dodge, Democrat); and was re-elected, serving from December 7, 1857, to March 3, 1869. Dorsey, Clement, was born in Anne Arundel County, Maryland; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Nineteenth Congress; was re-elected to the Twentieth and Twenty-first Congresses with out opposition, serving from December 5, 1825, to March 3, 1831 ; died August 6, 1846. Dorsey, Stephen ^W., was born at Benson, Vermont, February 28, 1842; received an academical education; removed, when a boy, to Oberlin, Ohio; was one of the first to volunteer in the Union army, in which he served under General Grant at Shiloh, General Buell at Perryvillc, General Rosecrans at Stone River and Chattanooga, and General Thomas at Mission Ridge; in 1864 he was transferred to the Army of the Potomac, and took part in the battles of the Wilderness and of Cold Harbor, serving until the close of the war; returning to Ohio, he resumed business as an employe of the Sandusky Tool Com pany, and was soon chosen its president; on the Barne day he was elected, without his knowledge, president of the Arkansas Central Railway Com pany; removing to Arkansas, he was chosen chair man of the Republican County and State Commit tees; was offered a seat in Congress by the Repub licans of the First District, but declined, and was elected, almost unanimously, United-States senator from Arkansas as a Republican, and took his seat March 4, 1873. Doty, James Duane, was born in New York, 1800; received a public-school education; removed early in life to Wisconsin Territory, and settled at Menasha; was elected delegate from Wisconsin as a Democrat in the Twenty-fifth Congress (successfully contesting the seat with G. W. Jones), and was re- elected to the Twenty-sixth Congress, serving from January 14, 1837, to March 3, 1841 ; was governor of Wisconsin 1841-1844; was elected a representative from Wisconsin in the Thirty-first Congress as a Democrat, receiving 5,746 votes against 3,338 votes for T. O. Howe, Whig, and 2,330 votes for Judd, Free-soil Democrat ; and was re-elected to the Thirty- second Congress as a Free-soil Democrat, receiving 11,159 votes against 5,371 votes for Hobert, Whig, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1853; was appointed by President Lincoln treasurer of Utah, and governor of that Territory in 1864; died at Salt-Lake City, Utah, June 11, 1865. Doubleday/ Ulysses P., was born in Otsego County, New York, in 1794; received a public- school education; learned the art of printing; established a newspaper at Ballston, and another at Auburn, publishing the last twenty years; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-second Congress as a Jackson Democrat, serving from December 5, 1831, to March 2, 1833; was again elected to the Twenty-fourth Congress, serving from December 7, 1835, to March 3, 1837 ; removed to New York, and engaged in the book-trade there; died at Belvidcre, Illinois, March 11, 1866. Douglas, Beverly B., was born in New-Kent County, Virginia, December 21, 1822; received an academic and collegiate education; studied law; graduated from the law school of Judge Beverly Tucker, William and Mary College, 1843, and was admitted to the bar in 1844; was a member of the Constitutional Convention to amend the State Con stitution in 1850-1851 ; was a member of the State Senate for twelve years; was a presidential elector on the Breckinridge and Lane ticket in 1860; entered the Confederate army as first lieutenant in Lee s Rangers, and was successively promoted to the rank of major of the Fifth Virginia Cavalry; was chosen a delegate to the Democratic National Convention at New York which nominated Seymour and Blair, but was unable to attend ; and was elected a repre sentative from Virginia in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Conservative, receiving 10,783 votes against 10,488 votes for J. B. Scner, Republican; was re- elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 14,218 votes against 10,940 votes for^Bristow, Republican, serving from December 6, 1875. Douglas, Stephen Arnold, was born at Brandon, Vermont, April 23, 1813; received an academical education ; worked at the cabinet-maker s trade; removed to Canandaigua, New York, where he commenced the study of law under Mr. Hubble, and continued under S. I. Andrews at Cleveland, Ohio, after removing there in 1833; his health fail ing, he went to Illinois, where he taught* school, and, having been admitted to the bar, commenced practice at Jacksonville in March, 1834; was elected by the legislature State s attorney for the Morgan Circuit.in 1835; was elected a member of the State House of Representatives of Illinois in 1836-1837; was ap pointed register of the land-office at Springfield, Illinois, in 1837; was defeated in 1838 as a Demo cratic candidate for election to the House of Repre sentatives of the United States, receiving 18,337 votes against 18,405 votes for John T. Stewart, Whig; was appointed secretary of state of Illinois 374 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. during the session of the legislature of 1840-1841, and, before the adjournment, was elected one of the judges of the State Supreme Court; was elected a representative from Illinois in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 8,031 votes against 8,lli) votes for Browning, Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-ninth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 9,028 votes against 0,804 votes for Vandevener, Whig, and 393 votes for Wilson, Abolitionist; was again re-elected to the Thirtieth Congress as a Democrat, but, before taking his seat, was elected to the Senate of the United States, taking his seat March 4, 1847 ; was re-elected in 1853 as a Popular-Sovereignty Democrat; and again in 1859, defeating Abraham Lincoln, serving from December 4, 1843, until he died at Chicago, June 3, 1801; he received twelve electoral votes for President in 18GO. Dowdell, James P., was born in Jasper County, Georgia, November 20, 1818; received a classical education, graduating at Randolph Macon College in 1840; studied law with II. A. Haralson at La Grange, Georgia; was admitted to the bar in April, 1841, and practised at Greenville, Georgia; removed in 1840 to Chambers County, Alabama, and engaged in agricultural pursuits; was an unsuccessful candidate for the legislature of Alabama in 1849, and again in 1851 ; was chosen a presidential elector on the Pierce and King ticket in 1852; was elected a representative from Alabama in the Thirty-third Congress as a State-rights Democrat, receiving 7,338 votes against 4,223 votes for T. G. Garrett, Union Democrat ; was again elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress, receiv ing 0,342 votes against 5,808 votes for Watts, Ameri can ; and was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving 0,505 votes against 0,418 votes for T. J. Judge, American, serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1859. Downing, Charles, was born in Virginia; was elected a delegate from the Territory of Florida in the Twenty-fifth Congress; and was re-elected to the Twenty-sixth Congress, receiving 890 majority over Blatzell, serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1841 ; died October 24, 1841. Downs, Solomon W., was born in Tennessee in 1801 ; received a classical education, graduating at Transylvania University; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at New Orleans, Louisiana, in 1820; was United-States district-attor ney 1845-1847; was elected United-States senator from Louisiana as a Democrat, serving from Decem ber G, 1847, to March 3, 1853; and died at Orchard Springs, Kentucky, August 14, 1854. Dowse, Edward, was born in Norfolk Coun ty, Massachusetts ; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Sixteenth Congress, serv ing from December G, 1819, to 1820, when lie re signed. Dowse, William, resided at Otsego, New York, and was elected a representative from New York in the Thirteenth Congress as a Federalist, but died be fore the commencement of the first session, February 13 1813. Dox, Peter M., was born at Geneva, Ontario County, New York, September 11, 1813; was edu cated at Geneva Academy and at Hobart College, Geneva, from which he graduated in August, 1833; was chosen tutor immediately after graduating; studied and practised law; was a member of the legislature of New York from Ontario County in 1841-1842; was judge of the Ontario-county courts; removed to Madison County, Alabama, in 1855, and has been engaged in agricultural pursuits there; was a member of the State Constitutional Convention of 1805 ; was elected a representative from Alabama in the Forty-first Congress as a Union Democrat, re ceiving 0,047 votes against 4,933 votes for Ilaralson, Republican; and was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress as a Democrat, receiving 10,(;SD votes against 4,. r )L>:} votes for L. J. Standifee, Republican, serving from December 7, 1809, to March 3, 1873. Drake, Charles D., was born at Cincinnati, Ohio, April 11, 1811; studied and practised law; went to St. Louis in 1834; was a member of the State House of Representatives of Missouri in 1859- 1800; was a member in 1803 of the State Convention of Missouri which had been elected in February, 1801 ; was presidential elector in 1804; was a member in 1805 of the Missouri Constitutional Convention which had been elected in November, 1804; was elected United-States senator from Missouri as a Republican (to succeed B. Gratz Brown), serving from March 4, 1807, to December 19, 1870, when he resigned, having been appointed chief justice of the Court of Claims. Published a "Treatise on the Law of Suits by At tachment in the United States," and a "Life of Daniel Drake." Drake, John R., was born in. 1783; received a good English education; was one of the pioneer settlers in Tioga County, New York; held several local ofiices ; Avas elected a representative from New York in the Fifteenth Congress, serving from De cember 1, 1817, to March 3, 1819^ was judge of the Court of Common Pleas for Tioga County 1833- 1838; was a member of the State House of Represen tatives in 1834; died at Oswego March 21, 1857. Draper, Joseph, was born in Virginia; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Twenty- first Congress (in place of Alexander Smyth, de ceased); and was re-elected to the Twenty-second Congress, serving from December G, 1830, to March 2, 1833. Drayton, W^illiam, was born at St. Augustine, Florida, December 30, 1770; received a thorough English education in England ; studied law while assisting his brother Jacob Drayton, clerk cf the county courts of Charleston; was admitted to the bar December 12, 1797; entered the United-States army as lieutenant-colonel March 12, 1812, and served through the war of 1812, attaining the rank of in spector-general ; was associated with Generals Scott and Macomb in compiling infantry tactics for the use of the army and the militia; was recorder of Charleston 1819-1824; was elected a representative from South Carolina in the Nineteenth Congress as a Union Democrat (to fill the vacancy caused by the appointment of Joel R. Poinsett, who had been elected as minister to Mexico), and was successively re-elected to the Twentieth, Twenty-first, and Twen ty-second Congresses, without opposition, serving from December 5, 1825, to March 2, 1833; opposed nullification in 1830, and consequently left South Carolina, removing to Philadelphia in August, 1833; was president of the Bank of the United States 1840- 1841; and died of disease of the heart at Philadel phia, Pennsylvania, May 2-i, 1840. Drayton, William Henry, was born at Dray ton Hall, on Ashley River, South Carolina, in Sep tember, 1742; received a classical education at West minster School, London, and at Baliol College, Uni versity of Oxford ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar; returned to England, and was appointed by George III. privy councillor for the Province of South Carolina; coming home to discharge the duties of his office, he was appointed assistant judge, but took such an active part in the pro-Revolutionary contro versies, that he was deprived of both positions; was president of the Council of Safety in 1775, and chief justice in 1770; was elected a delegate to the Conti nental Congress in 1778, and served until he died, September, 1779. He wrote a "History of the Revo lution " in three volumes, which was published by his son in 1821. DriggS, John F., was born at Kinderhook, New York, March 8, 1813; received a good common- school education ; was a master mechanic and build er; is a dealer in lands; was superintendent of the New-York Penitentiary in 184-i; removed to Michi gan in 1850; was president of Saginaw Village in 1858; was a member of the State legislature of Michi gan in 1G59 and 18GO; was elected a representative STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 875 from Michigan in the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Republican, receiving 7.879 votes against 7,340 votes for Moore, Union; was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiving 12,490 votes against 10,604 votes for Willard, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress as a Republican, receiving 14,603 votes against 10,564 votes for Rose, Democrat, serv ing from December 7, 1863, to March 3, 1869 ; died at East Saginaw. Michigan, December 17, 1877. Dromgoole, George C., was born in Virginia; received a classical education; studied law, was ad mitted to the bar, and practised ; was several years a member of the State Senate and House of Represen tatives ; fought a duel with Mr. Dugger of Virginia, in North Carolina, and killed him ; was elected a rep resentative from Virginia in the Twenty-fourth Con gress as a Democrat ; was re-elected to the Twenty- fifth Congress, and was re-elected to the Twenty-sixth Congress, serving from December 7, 1835, to March 3, 1841 ; declined being a candidate for the Twenty- seventh Congress; was again elected to the Twenty- eighth Congress, without opposition; and was re- elected to the Twenty-ninth Congress, receiving 1,641 votes against 1,620 votes for Boiling, Whig, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1847 ; died April 27, 1847. Drum, Augustus, was born at Indiana, Penn sylvania; received a public-school education; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 7,968 votes against 5,959 votes for Kuhns, Whig, and serv ing from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855. Duane, James, was born at New York Febru ary 6, 1733 ; received a classical education ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar; was prominent in the ante-Revolutionary movements ; was a member of the Continental Congress from New York 1774-1784; was a delegate to the Constitutional Convention 1776- 1777; was a member of the State Senate 17S3-1784; was the first mayor of New- York City 1784; was a delegate to the State Convention to consider the Federal Constitution 1788 ; was United-States district- judge for the District of New York 1789-1794; and died at Duanesburg, New York, which he had found ed, February 1, 1797. Du Bose, Dudley Mclver, was born in Shel by County, Tennessee, October 28, 1834 ; was a stu dent at the University of Mississippi ; studied law, and practised it as a profession; was a brigadier- general in the Confederate army; was elected a rep resentative from Georgia in the Forty-second Con gress as a Democrat, receiving a majority of over 6,000 votes over J. S. Fannin, Republican, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1873. Dudley, Charles Edward, was born at John son Hall, Statt ordsbire, England, May 23, 1780; came with his mother in 1794 to Newport, Rhode Island (where his father had been the king s collector of customs), and entered a counting-room as clerk; went to the East Indies as supercargo ; removed to New- York City, and thence to Albany, where lie became a leading merchant; was a member of the State Senate 1820-1825; was mayor of Albany 1821- 1828; was elected United-States senator from New York as a Democrat (to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Martin Van Buren), and served from January 29, 1829, to March 2, 1833; and died at Albany, New York, January 23, 1841. He had dis played a fondness for astronomical science; and his widow erected and endowed the Dudley Observatory at Albany, at an expense of over $100,000, as a trib ute to his memory. Dudley, Edward B., was born at Wilmington, North Carolina, in 1771 ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1816 ; was elected a rep resentative from North Carolina in the Twenty-first Congress as a Jackson Democrat, defeating Gabriel Holmes, and serving from December 7, 1829, to March 3, 1831 ; was governor of North Carolina 1837- 1841 ; was president of the Wilmington and Raleigh Railroad Company; and died at Wilmington, North Carolina, October 30, 1853. Duell, R. Holland, was born at Warren, New York, December 20, 1824 ; received a common-school and academic education; studied and practised law; was district-attorney of Cortland County from 1850 to 1855; was county judge of the same county from 1855 to 1859 ; was assessor of internal revenue for the Twenty-third District of New York from 1869 to 1871; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving 10,951 votes against 8,147 votes for Sands, Democrat; was re- elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress, receiving 13,960 votes against 4,923 votes for Hitchcock, Demo crat, and 3,559 votes for Nelson Breckinridge, Demo crat ; was again elected to the Forty-second Congress as a Republican, receiving 10,788 votes against 8,734 votes for Denis McCarthy, Independent Democrat; and was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress, re ceiving 15,457 votes against 13,288 votes for F. His- cock, Democrat, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1875; was commissioner of patents 1875- 1877. Duer, William (father of William Duer), was born in England March 18, 1747 ; received a classical education; served in the Anglo-Indian army as aide- de-camp to Lord Clive; came to the Province of New York in 1768, and colonized a large tract of land in Washington County, where he was judge, colonel of militia, member of the Committee .of Safety, and leader in the ante-Revolutionary move ments; was a delegate from New York to the Conti nental Congress 1777-1778; removed to New-York: City in 1783 ; .aided Hamilton in organizing the Treasury Department 1789-1790; and died at New- York City May 7, 1799. Duer, William (son of William Duer), was born at New- York City May 25, 1805; received a classical education, graduating at Columbia College in 1824; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Oswego; was defeated as a candidate for the State House of Representatives in 1832; removed to New York in 1832, and thence to New Orleans in 1S33; returned to Oswego in 1835; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1840, 1841 ; was district-attorney for Oswego County 1845-1847 ; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirtieth Congress as a Whig ; and was re-elected to the Thirty-first Congress, receiving 8,107 votes against 0,884 votes for Nye, Van Buren Democrat, and serving from December 6, 1847, to March 3, 1851. Duke, Richard T. W., was born in Albemarle County, Virginia, June 6, 1822; attended school until he was eighteen years of age, and then taught one year; entered the Virginia Military Institute as a cadet in 1842, and graduated second in the class of 1845; taught school, reading law at the same time; attended the law lectures in the University of Vir ginia, and graduated in its law school in 1850; prac tised law; was elected Commonwealth s attorney for the county of Albemarle in 1858, and continued in that office until all the State officers of Virginia were removed in 1869; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Forty-first Congress as a Conserva tive (to fill the vacancy occasioned by the death of Robert Ridgeway), defeating Rives, Republican; and was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress as a Conservative, receiving 12,596 votes against 11,480 votes for A. Rives, Republican, serving from Decem ber 5, 1870, to Marcl i 3, 1873. Dumont, Ebenezer, was born at Vevay, Indi ana Territory, November 23, 1814; received a classi cal education, attending the Indiana University, but not graduating; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Vevay ; was a mem ber of the State House of Representatives in 1838; was treasurer of Vevay County 1839-1845 ; served in the war with Mexico as lieutenant-colonel of volun teers ; was a presidential elector on the Pierce ticket 376 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. in 1852 ; was a member of the State House of Repre sentatives in 1850 and 1853; served in the Union army as colonel of the Seventh Indiana Volunteers; was elected a representative from Indiana in the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Unionist, receiving 12,525 votes against 11,054 votes for A. Connctt, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiving 18,886 votes against 10,898 votes for Love, Democrat, serving from December 7, 1863, to March 3, 1807. Dunbar, W illiam, resided at New Orleans; was elected a representative from Louisiana in the Thirty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 4,555 votes against 2,691 votes for Gayarre, Independent Democrat, and serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855. Duncan, Alexander, was a physician, and re sided at Cincinnati, Ohio; was elected a representa tive from Ohio in the Twenty-fifth Congress, and was re-elected to the Twenty-sixth Congress, serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1841; was de feated as the Whig candidate for the Twenty-seventh Congress by Nathaniel G. Pendleton, Democrat; was again elected to the Twenty-eighth Congress, receiving 6,058 votes against 5,044 votes for Haines, Independent, and 474 votes for Lewis, Abolitionist, and serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1845 ; and died at Cincinnati, Ohio, March 2, 1852. Duncan, Daniel, was born at Shippensburg, Pennsylvania, July 22, 1806; received a public-school education; devoted himself to mercantile pursuits at Lancaster, Ohio ; was a member of the State legis lature in 1843; was defeated as a Whig candidate for the State Senate in 1844; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirtieth Congress as a Whig, serv ing from December 6, 1847, to March 3, 1849; was defeated as the Whig candidate for the Thirty-first Congress, receiving 8,438 votes against 8,454 votes for Charles Sweetser, Democrat; and died at Washington City, June 18, 1849. Duncan, Garnett, was born in Kentucky; re ceived a classical education; studied law; Avas ad mitted to the bar, and practised at Louisville; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Thir tieth Congress as a Whig, receiving 6,7C3 votes against 6,487 votes for Mcrri wether, Democrat; de clined being a candidate for re-election; removed to New Orleans, where he practised until he retired from his profession in 1854. Duncan, James Henry, was born at Haverhill, Massachusetts, Decembers, 1793; received a classical education, graduating at Harvard College in 1812; studied law with Leverett Saltonstall at Salem ; was admitted to the bar in 1815, and practised at Haver- hill, Massachusetts; was an active militia officer, attaining the rank of colonel ; was a trustee of the Essex Agricultural Society, and for three years its president; was a member of the State House of Rep resentatives in 1827, 1837, 1838, and 1857 ; was State senator 1828-1831; was appointed commissioner in bankruptcy in 1841; was a delegate to the National Convention at Harrisburg in 1839 which nominated Harrison and Tyler; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Thirty-first Congress as a Whig, receiving 920 majority; and was re-elected to the Thirty-second Congress, receiving 1,064 majority, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1853; was prominently connected with several religious and educational institutions; and died at Haverhill, Massachusetts, February 8, 1869. Duncan, Joseph, was born in Kentucky in 1790; received a thorough English education; studied law; served in the war of 1812 as lieutenant of United-States infantry, and distinguished himself at the defence of Fort Stephenson; removed to Illinois, and settled at Kaskaskia; held several local-oflices; was elected a representative from Illinois in the Twentieth Congress as a Jackson Democrat; was re- elected to the Twenty-first Congress, receiving 14,609 of the 25,727 votes cast; was re-elected to the Twenty-second and Twenty-third Congresses, serv ing from December 3, 1827, to his resignation in November, 1834; he had removed to Jacksonville, Illinois, in 1829; was governor of Illinois 1834-1838; and died at Jacksonville, Illinois, of congestive fever, January 15, 1844. Dunham, Cyrus L., was born in New York; acquired his education by his own industry; removed to Salem, Indiana; studied law; taught school, and was admitted to the bar ; was a member of the State legislature in 1846, 1847; became interested in agri cultural pursuits ; was elected a representative from Indiana in the Thirty-first Congress as a Democrat, receiving 7,823 votes against 7,338 votes for W. M. Dunn, Whig; was re-elected to the Thirty-second Congress, receiving 8,088 votes against 7,125 votes for Martin, Whig; and was re-elected to the Thirty- third Congress, receiving 8,911 votes against 7,980 votes for Marshall, Whig, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1855; was defeated as the Demo cratic candidate for the Thirty-fourth Congress, re ceiving 8,329 votes against 9,989 votes for George G. Dunn, Republican; was again elected a member of the State House of Representatives; and died at Valley Farm, Indiana, October 15, 1856. Dunlap, George W., was born in Fayette County, Kentucky, February 22, 1813; received a classical education, graduating at Transylvania Uni versity; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Lancaster, Kentucky; was a member of the State House of Representatives; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Thirty- seventh Congress as a Unionist, receiving 8,101 votes against 152 votes for Smith, Secessionist, and serving from July 4, 1861, to March 3, 1863; was a presiden tial elector on the McClellan and Pendleton ticket in 1864. Dunlap, Robert P., was born in Maine in 1789; received a classical education, graduating at Bowdoin College in 1815 ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Brunswick, Maine ; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1821-1823, and of the State Senate 1823-1832, serving four years as its president; was an executive coun cillor in 1833; was governor of Maine 1834-1838; was elected a representative from Maine in the Twenty- eighth Congress as a Democrat, and was re-elected to the Twenty-ninth Congress, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1847; was a prominent Freema son, and general grand high priest of the General Grand Chapter of Royal Arch Masons 1847-1853; was collector of customs at Portland, Maine, 1848, 1849; was postmaster at Brunswick, Maine, 1853- 1857; was chosen president of the Board of Over seers of Bowdoin College; and died at Brunswick, Maine, October 20. 1859. Dunlap, "William C., was born in Tennessee; was elected a representative from Tennessee in the Twenty-third Congress, and was re-elected to the Twenty-fourth Congress, serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1837; removed to Texas in 1838; was minister from Texas to Mexico in 1839. Dunn, George G., was born in 1813; received an academic education ; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Bedford, In diana; was elected a representative from Indiana in the Thirtieth Congress as a Whig, receiving 7,365 votes against 7,343 votes for Dobson, Democrat, and serving from December 6, 1847, to March 3, 1849; was again elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress as a Republican, receiving 9,989 votes against 8,329 votes for C. L. Dunham, Democrat, and serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1857 ; died at Bedford, Indiana, September 4, 1857. Dunn, George H., resided at Lawrenceburg, Indiana; was defeated as the Whig candidate for Congress in 1835 by Amos Lane, Democrat; was elected a representative from Indiana in the Twenty- fifth Congress as a Whig, receiving 6,091 votes against 5,057 votes for Amos Lane, Democrat, and serving STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 377 from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1839; was defeated as the Whig candidate for the Twenty-sixth Congress by Thomas Smith, Democrat. Dunn, William McKee, was born in Indiana Territory December 12, 1814; received a classical education, graduating at the Indiana State College in 1832, and at Yale College in 1835; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1848 ; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Con vention in 1850; was elected a representative from Indiana in the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Republican, receiving 9,363 votes against 8,385 votes for Hughes, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-seventh Con gress, defeating W. M. Dally, Democrat, serving from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 1863 ; was defeated as the Republican candidate for the Thirty-eighth Con gress, receiving 10,144 votes against 11,524 votes for H. W. Harrington, Democrat; was appointed assist ant judge-advocate general of the United-States army ; and was promoted in December, 1875, to be judgc-advocatc-general. Dunnell, Mark H., was born inBuxton, Maine, July 2, 1823; graduated at Waterville College (now Colby University), Maine, in 1849; for five years was the principal of Norway and Hebron Academies ; in 1854 was a member of the Maine House of Repre sentatives, and in 1855 a member of the State Senate ; during the years 1855, 1857, 1858, and 1859, was State superintendent of common schools; in 1856 was a delegate to the National Republican Convention at Philadelphia; in 1860 commenced the practice of the law at Portland ; in 1861 entered the Union army as colonel of the Fifth Maine Infantry; in 1862 was United-States consul at Vera Crux, Mexico ; in 1864 was tendered the secretaryship of Montana by Presi dent Lincoln; in January, 1865, became a citizen of Minnesota; was a member of the Minnesota House of Representatives in 1867; was State superintendent of public instruction from April, 1867, to August, 1870; and was elected a representative from Minne sota in the Forty-second Congress as a Republican, receiving 19,606 votes against 14,904 votes for C. F. Buck, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress, receiving 20,671 votes against 10,841 votes for Morton S. Wilkinson, Liberal; was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Congress, receiving 16,716 votes against 13,721 votes forFrankan H. Waite, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiv ing 26,010 votes against 16,065 votes for Stacey, Democrat, serving from March 4, 1871. Durand, George H., was born at Cobleskill, New York, February 21, 1838; removed to Flint. Michigan, in 1858, and has since resided there ;, is a lawyer by profession ; was elected mayor of the city of Flint in 1873, and re-elected in 1874; and was elected a representative from Michigan in the Forty- fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 17,758 votes against 16,122 votes for Josiah W. Begole, Republican, and serving from December 6, 1875, to March 3, 1877. Durfee, Job, was born at Tiverton, Rhode Island, in 1790 ; received a classical education, graduating at Brown University in 1813; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice at Tiverton ; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1813-1819 and 1827-1829; was elected a representative from Rhode Island in the Seventeenth Congress as a Federalist, receiving 3,563 votes against 2,033 votes for Nathaniel Hazard, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Eighteenth Congress without opposition, serving from Decem ber 3, 1821, to March 3, 1825; resumed practice; was appointed chief justice of Rhode Island; and died in 1847. Published " What Cheer, or Roger Williams in Exile;" "Pandea," a philosophical treatise; and several minor articles, which were published, with a memoir by his son, in 1849. Durfee, Nathaniel B., was born at Tiver ton, Rhode Island, September 29, 1812; received an academic education at Newport; engaged in agri cultural pursuits; was a member of the Rhode- Island General Assembly for eleven years; was elected a representative from Rhode Island in the Thirty-fourth Congress as an American, receiving 6,283 votes against 1,987 votes for Davis, Democrat, and 584 votes scattering ; and was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving 5,442 votes against 1,901 votes for Burnside, Democrat, serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1859; suffered a shock of paralysis, caused by being thrown from a carriage, and, after lingering some years, died at Tiverton, Rhode Island, November 12, 1872. Durham, Milton J., was born in Mercer County (Boyle County), Kentucky, May 16, 1824; received his primary education at the common schools in the neighborhood of his birthplace, and graduated at Asbury University, Indiana, in 1844; studied law with Hon. J. F. Bell, and graduated at the Louisville Law School in 1850; was one of the circuit-judges of Kentucky in 1861 and 1862, and, with the excep tion of that time, has been engaged in the practice of law at Danville since 1850; was elected a repre sentative from Kentucky in the Forty-third Con gress as a Democrat, receiving 10,736 votes against 10,063 votes for W. O. Bradley, Republican; was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Congress, receiving 8,195 votes against 382 votes for McMurtry, Repub lican ; and was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 15,484 votes against 12,654 votes for Bradley, Republican, serving from December 1, 1873. Durkee, Charles, was born at Royalton, Ver mont, December 10, 1805; was educated at public schools and at Burlington Academy; engaged in mercantile pursuits; removed to Wisconsin in May, 1838, and was one of the founders of Southport (afterwards Kenosha) ; was a member of the Terri torial legislature in 1837 and 1838; was elected one of the first representatives from the recently ad mitted State of Wisconsin, and the first distinctive antislavery man from the North-West in the Thirty-first Congress as a Free-Soiler, receiving 7,512 votes against 5,674 votes for Lynde, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-second Congress as a Frce- Soiler, receiving 5,038 votes against 4,436 votes for Lynde, Democrat, and 3,615 votes for Fitch, Whig, and serving from December 6, 1849, to March 3, 1853; was a delegate to the World s Peace Conven tion at Paris; was elected United-States senator from Wisconsin as a Republican (in the place of Isaac P. Walker, Democrat), and served from De cember 3, 1855, to March 3, 1861; was appointed governor of Utah, arid served from 1865 until fail ing health compelled him to leave; and died of pneumonia on his way home, at Omaha, Nebraska, January 14, 1870. Duval, Gabriel, was born in Prince George County, Maryland, December 6, 1752; received a classical education; studied law, and was admitted to the bar; was clerk to the legislature of Maryland ; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Third Congress (in place of John Francis Mercer, resigned) as a Democrat, and was re-elected to the Fourth Congress, serving from November 11, 1794, to March 28, 1796, when he resigned, having been elected judge of the Supreme Court of Maryland; was appointed comptroller of the currency in December, 1802, and held the office until November 18, 1811, when he was appointed a justice of the Supreme Court of the United States; lie sat on the bench by the side of Chief Justice Marshall until 1836, when deafness forced him to resign; he died in Prince George County, Maryland, March 6, 1844. Duval, Isaac H., was born at Wellsburg, Brooke County, Virginia, September 1, 1824 ; received a public-school education; entered the United-States volunteer service June 1, 1861, as major of the First West-Virginia Infantry; was promoted to the colonelcy of the Ninth West-Virginia Infantry September 0, 1862 ; was promoted as brigadier- 378 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. general October 20, 1864, and subsequently as major-general by brevet; was elected to tbe State Senate of West Virginia, and served two years; was two years adjutant-general of West Virginia ; was elected a representative from West Virginia in the Forty-first Congress as a Republican, receiving 11,569 votes against 10,720 votes for Walker, Democrat, serving from March 4, 1809, to March 3, 1871. Duval, William P., was born in Virginia in 1784; received an English education; removed in his boyhood to Kentucky, where he studied law, and was admitted to the bar ; commanded a company of mounted volunteers during the Indian hostilities of 1812 ; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Thirteenth Congress as a Democrat, serving from March 24, 1813, to March 2, 1815; resumed practice at Bardstown, Kentucky; was appointed United-States judge for the District of Florida; was appointed governor of Florida by President Monroe, and was re-appointed by President Adams and by President Jackson, serving from 1822 to 1834; re moved in 1848 to Texas ; was attacked by paralysis while on a professional visit to Washington City, and died there March 19, 1854. He was the original " Nimrod Wildfire " of James K. Paulding, and " Ralph Ringwood " of Washington Irving. Dwight, Henry "W., was born in Berkshire County, Massachusetts ; was a member of the State legislature in 1818; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Seventeenth Congress; was re-elected to the Eighteenth, Nineteenth, Twen tieth, and Twenty-first Congresses, serving from December 3, 1821, to March 3, 1831; died at New- York City February 21, 1845. Dwight, Theodore, was born at Northampton, Massachusetts, December 6, 1704; received an aca demic education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Hartford; was several years a State senator; was elected a repre sentative from Connecticut in the Ninth Congress as a Federalist (in place of John Cotton Smith, resigned), serving from December 1, 1800, to March 3, 1807; edited "The Hartford Mirror," which was the leading Federal journal in Connecticut; was secretary of the Hartford Convention; removed to Albany in 1815, and published " The Albany Daily Advertiser;" removed to New York in 1817, and established "The New- York Daily Advertiser," with which he was connected until the great fire of 1835, when he sold his interest, and removed with his family to Hartford; died at New York June 11, 1840. Published the "Journals of the Hartford Conven tion" in 1833, the " Character of Jefferson " in 1837, and a "Dictionary of Roots and Derivations." Dwight, Thomas, was born in Massachusetts ; received a classical education, graduating at Harvard College in 1778; was a member of the State legisla ture in 1794, 1795; was a State senator 1790-1803 and 1813; was a member of the governor s council in 1808 and 1809; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Eighth Congress, serving from October 17. 1803, to_ March 3, 1805; died in 1819. Dwinell, Justin, was born at Cazenovia, New York; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1805; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1821, 1822; was elected a representative from New York in the Eighteenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1823, to March 3, 1825. Dyer, David P., was born in Henry County, Virginia, February 12, 1838; removed to Lincoln County, Missouri, in June, 1841; was educated at the common schools, and at Saint Charles College in the latter State; studied law at Bowling Green, Pike County, Missouri, and was admitted to the bar in March, 1859; was elected prosecuting-attorney for the Third Judicial Circuit in November, 1800; was a member of the State legislature from Pike County from 1802 to 1805; recruited and commanded the Forty-ninth Regiment Missouri Volunteer Infantry during the recent war, serving in the Sixteenth Army Corps ; was chosen secretary of the State Senate in 1800; was a delegate to the National Republican Convention in 1808; and was elected a representa tive from Missouri in the Forty-first Congress as a Republican, receiving 5,407 votes against 4,407 votes for Switzler, Democrat, serving from March 4, 1869, to March 3, 1871. Dyer, Eliphalet, was born at Windham, Con necticut, September 28, 1721; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1740; studied law, and was admitted to practice; w r as a representative to the General Court 1743-1762 ; was appointed in 1755 colonel of a regiment of Connec ticut volunteers, raised for the conquest of Canada; visited England in 1703 as agent of the Susquehanna Land Company; was a delegate to the Stamp-Act Congress in 1765; was appointed a judge of the Supreme Court in 1706; was a delegate from Con necticut in the Continental Congress 1774-1779 and 1780-1783; was chief justice of the Supreme Court of Connecticut 1789-1793; and died at Windham, Connecticut, May 13, 1807. Eager, S. W., was born in Orange County, New York; received a classical education, graduating at Princeton College in 1809; resided at Montgomery; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-first Congress (in place of Hector Craig, re signed), serving from December 6, 1830, to March 3, 1881. Eames, Benjamin T., was born at Dedham, Massachusetts, June 4, 1818; graduated at Yale Col lege in 1843; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1845, and practised at Providence; was a member of the House of Representatives in the General Assem bly of Rhode Island in 1859, 1868, and 1809, serving the last year as speaker ; and was a member of the State Senate in 1854, 1855, 1856, 1859, and 1863; was elected a representative from Rhode Island in the Forty-second Congress as a Republican, receiving 4,902 votes against 1,905 votes for T. A. Jenckes, Re publican, 1,040 votes for T. Davis, Republican, 1,380 votes for Nicolas Van Slyck, Democrat, and 370 for others; was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress as a Republican, receiving 8,977 votes against 3,138 votes for T. Davis, Liberal; was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Congress, receiving 2,342 votes against 824 votes for W. B. Beach, Democrat; and was re- elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 8,516 votes against 5,003 votes for E. W. Brunson, Demo crat, serving from March 4, 1871. Earle, Elias, was born in Frederick County, Virginia ; received an academic education ; was elected a representative from South Carolina in the Ninth Congress as a Democrat, serving from Decem ber 2, 1805, to March 3, 1807; was again elected to the Twelfth Congress, and was re-elected to the Thir teenth Congress, serving from November 4, 1811, to March 2, 1815; was again elected to the Fifteenth Congress, and was re-elected to the Sixteenth Con gress, serving from December 1, 1817, to March 3, 1821. Earle, John B., was born in South Carolina; received an academic education; held several local offices; and was elected a representative from South Carolina in the Eighth Congress, serving from Octo ber 17, 1803, to March 3, 1805. Earle, Samuel, was born at Charleston, South Carolina; was actively engaged in the ante-Revolu tionary movements; was elected a representative from South Carolina in the Fourth Congress, serving from December 7, 1795, to March 3, 1797. Earll, Jonas, jun., was born in 1786; received a public-school education ; resided in Onondaga County; was a member of the State House of Repre sentatives 1820, 1821; was elected a representative from New York in the Twentieth Congress as a Jackson Democrat, and was re-elected to the Twen ty-first Congress, serving from December 3, 1827, to March 3, 1831; was elected a canal commissioner, STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 379 serving from February 8, 1842, until his death, at Syracuse, October 11, 1840. Earll, Nehemiah H., was born in Onondaga Oouuty, New York; received a public-school educa tion ; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-sixth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 9,189 votes against 9,050 votes for A. Lawrence Fos ter, Whig, and serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1841 ; resided at Syracuse. Early, Peter, was born in Madison County, Virginia, June 20, 1773; received a classical educa tion, graduating at Princeton College in 1792; stud ied law at Philadelphia; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Madison County, Georgia, in 1793; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Seventh Congress (in place of John Mi Hedge, re signed); was re-elected to the Eighth and Ninth Congresses, serving from January 10, 1803, to March 3, 1807; was a judge of the State Supreme Court 1807-1813; was a member of the State Senate; and died at Green County, Georgia, August 15, 1817. Easterbrook, Experience, was born at Leb anon, New Hampshire, April 30, 1813; received an academic education; studied law at Buffalo, and at the Law School of Marshall College ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Geneva, Wis consin, in 1840; was a delegate to the Second State Constitutional Convention of Wisconsin; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1851; was attorney-general of Wisconsin in 1852; removed to Nebraska (of which Territory he was district-attorney) 1854-1859; claimed to have been elected a delegate from Nebraska Territory as a Democrat (but the House decided that he had only received 2,671 legal votes, and gave the seat to Sam uel G. Daily, Republican, as having received 2,790 legal votes), so that Easterbrook served from Decem ber 5, 1859, to April 20, 1800; practised at Omaha City. Eastman, Benjamin C., received a public- school education; removed to Platteville, Wisconsin; held several local offices; was elected a representa tive from Wisconsin in the Thirty-second Congress as a Democrat, receiving 7,202 votes against 5,852 votes for Cole, Whig; and was re-elected to the Thirty-third Congress, receiving 10,893 votes against 7,816 votes for Abbott, Whig, and 1,497 votes for Enos, Free-Soiler, serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1855; and died at Platteville, Wisconsin, February 5, 1856. Eastman, Ira A., was born in New Hampshire; received a classical education, graduating at Dart mouth College in 1829; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Gilmanton; was several years a State senator and member of the State House of Representatives, serving as speaker of the House 1837-1839 ; was register of probate ; was elected a representative from New Hampshire in the Twenty-sixth Congress as a Democrat, and was re- elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress, serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1843 ; was a judge of the Circuit and State Supreme Court 1844-1859. Eastman, Nehemiah, was born in Strafford County, New Hampshire, in 1800; received an aca demic education ; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Farmington, New Hampshire ; was a member of the State Senate 1820- 1825 ; was elected a representative from New Hamp shire in the Nineteenth Congress, serving from De cember 5, 1825, to March 3, 1827 ; died at Farming- ton, New Hampshire, January 11, 1856. Easton, Rufus, was a lawyer by profession, and was appointed by President Jefferson United- States judge for the newly-acquired Territory of Louisiana; located at St. Louis; was elected a dele gate from the Territory of Missouri in the Thirteenth Congress as a Democrat ; and was re-elected to the Fourteenth Congress (defeating John Scott, who ob tained the certificate, but was rejected by the House), serving from November 16, 1814, to March 3, 1817. Eaton, John Henry, was born in Tennessee 1790; received a thorough English education; stud ied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Nashville ; was elected a United-States senator from Tennessee as a Democrat (in place of George W. Campbell, resigned), and was unanimously re-elected, serving from November 16, 1818, to March, 1829, when he resigned ; was appointed secretary of war by his personal friend, President Jackson, serving from March 9, 1829, to June 18, 1831, when he mar ried Mrs. Timberlake, and, the wives of the other members of the Cabinet refusing to call upon her, resigned ; was appointed governor of the Territory of Florida, serving 1834-1836; was appointed minister to Spain, serving from March 16, 1836, to May 1, 1840; resided in Washington City, and died there November 17, 1856. Published a "Life of Andrew Jackson." Eaton, Lewis, resided at Duanesburg, Schenec- tady County, New York ; and was elected a represen tative from that State in the Eighteenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1823, to March 3, 1825. Eaton, William W., was born at Tolland, Connecticut, October 11, 1816; was educated in the public schools and by private tutors; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and was actively engaged in. practice until elected to the Senate; was clerk of the Superior and Supreme Courts of Tolland and Hart ford Counties; was for several years one of the judges of the Hartford City Court, and for four years recorder of Hartford; was a member of the State House of Representatives of Connecticut in the sessions of 1847, 1848, 1853, 1863, 1868, 1870, 1871, 1873, and 1874, and speaker of the House in 1853 and 1873; was a member of the State Senate of Connec ticut in the session of 1850; was elected United- States senator from Connecticut as a Democrat (to succeed William A. Buckingham, Republican) for the term to commence March 4, 1875 ; and upon the death of Senator Buckingham in February, 1875, was appointed to fill the vacancy, serving from Feb ruary 13, 1875. His term of service will expire March 3, 181. Eckhert, George N., resided at Pottsville, Pennsylvania; and was elected a representative from that State in the Thirtieth Congress as a Whig, serv ing from December 6, 1847, to March 3, 1849. Eckley, Ephraim R., was born in Jefferson County, Ohio, December 9, 1812; received an aca demic education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Carrollton; was a member of the State Senate of Ohio in 1843, 1844, 1845, 1846, 1849, and 1850 ; was a member of the House of Rep resentatives of Ohio in 1853; served in the Union army as colonel of the Twenty-sixth and Eightieth Regiments of Ohio Volunteers, and as a brigadier- general ; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Republican, receiv ing 10,018 votes against 9,085 votes for Belden, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Con gress, receiving 12,758 votes against 8,746 votes for J. H. Wallace, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress as a Republican, receiving 13,917 votes against 9,275 votes for Schaefer, Democrat, serving from December 7, 1803, to March 3, 1809. Eddy, Norman, was born in New York, but removed when young to Indiana, locating at South Bend ; was elected a representative from Indiana in the Thirty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 8,038 votes against 6,930 votes for Biddle, Whig, and serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Thirty-fourth Congress, receiving 8,223 votes against 9,989 votes for Schuyler Colfax, Republican; served in the Union army during the civil war as colonel of the Forty-eighth Indiana Volunteers; was elected secretary of state of Indiana in 1870; and died at Indianapolis, Indiana, January 28, 1872. Eddy, Samuel, was born at Johnson, Rhode Island, March 31, 1709; received a classical educa- 380 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. tion, graduating at Brown University in 1787; stud ied law, and was admitted to the bar, but did not practise long; was clerk of the Supreme Court of Kliode Island 1790-1793; was secretary of state of Rhode Island 1798-1819; was elected a representa tive from Rhode Island in the Sixteenth Congress as a Democrat without opposition; was re-elected to the Seventeenth Congress, receiving 2,892 votes against 2,773 votes for Samuel C. Bridgham, Feder alist; and was re-elected to the Eighteenth Congress without opposition, serving from December 6, 1819, to March 3, 1825; was chief justice of the Supreme Court of Rhode Island 1827-1835; and died suddenly at Providence, Rhode Island, February 2, 1839. He published a work on " Antiquities," and contributed several papers to the collections of the Massachusetts Historical Society. Eden, John R.,was born in Bath County, Ken tucky, February 1, 182(5, but went with his parents, at an early age, to Indiana ; received a public-school education ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Sullivan, Illinois; was State attorney for the Seventeenth Judicial District 1856- 1860; was elected a representative from Illinois in the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 11,371 votes against 10,004 votes for McCarthy, Re publican, serving from December 7, 1803, to March 3, 1865; was again elected to the Forty-third Con gress, receiving 14,653 votes against 12,298 votes for G. Hunt, Republican; was re-elected to the Forty- fourth Congress, receiving 12,084 votes against 10,789 votes for Jacob W. Wilkin, Republican; and was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 18,714 votes against 13,768 votes for George D. Chaffee, Re publican, serving from December 1, 1873. Edgerton, Alfred P., was born in the State of New York, and removed early in life to Hicksville, Ohio, where he acquired an academic education by his own exertions ; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirty-second Congress as a Democrat, receiving 7,684 votes against 5,281 votes for Riley, Whig; and was re-elected to the Thirty-third Con gress, receiving 9,072 votes against 4,561 votes for Parker, Whig, and 102 votes for Wells, Free-Soiler, serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1855. Edgerton, Joseph Ketchum, was born at Vergennes, Vermont, February 16, 1818; received a public-school education in Clinton County, New York; studied law at Plattsburg; was admitted to the bar in the city of New York in 1839, and commenced practice there; removed in 1854 to Fort Wayne, In diana; was president of the Fort Wayne and Chicago Railroad; was elected a representative from Indiana in the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, receiv ing 12,353 votes against 11,917 votes for Mitchell, Unionist, and serving from December 7, 1863, to March 3, 1865; was defeated as the Democratic can didate for the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiving 14,037 votes against 14,617 votes for J. D. Defrees, Repub lican. Edgerton, Sidney, was born at Cazcnovia, New York, in 1818; received a public-school educa tion; removed to Ohio in 1864; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Talmadge, Ohio; was for four years prosccuting- attorncy for Summit County; was elected a repre sentative from Ohio in the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Republican, receiving 8,184 votes against 7,162 votes for J. L. Ranney, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress, receiving 9,720 votes against 6,956 votes for Starkweather, Democrat, serv ing from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 1863; was appointed by President Lincoln United-States judge for the Territory of Idaho in 1864, and governor of Montana in 1865, serving until 1866. Edie, John R., was born at Somerset, Pennsyl vania; received a public-school education; was elect ed a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty- fourth Congress as a Whig, receiving 8,423 votes against 3,218 votes for Crcsswell, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Unionist, receiving 8,792 votes against 8,508 votes for Pershing, Democrat, serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1859. Edmands, J. "Wiley, was born at Boston, Mas sachusetts, March 1, 1809; was educated at the city schools; entered the counting-room of Abbott & Amos Lawrence, and in time became a member of the firm, from which he retired in 1843; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Thirty- third Congress as a Whig, receiving 3,516 votes against 2,978 votes for Adams, Democrat and Free- Soiler, and 652 votes scattering, and serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855 ; declined being a candidate for re-election ; was chosen treasurer of the Pacific Mills at Lawrence in 1855, and served until his death; was a presidential elector on the Grant and Coif ax ticket in 1868 ; was the founder of a free public library at Newton, where he resided, and was a patron of several charitable institutions; died at Newton, of heart-disease, January 31, 1877. Edmond, W^illiam, was born at South Britain, Connecticut, September 28, 1755; received a classi cal education, graduating at Yale College in 1773; served in the Revolutionary army, and was wounded at the battle of Danbury; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1780, and practised; was a member of the State House of Representatives ; was a judge of the State Supreme Court; was elected a representa tive from Connecticut in the Fifth Congress (in place of James Davenport, deceased) as a Federalist, and was re-elected to the Sixth Congress, serving from November 13, 1797, to March 3, 1801 ; practised until 1805; was made a judge of the State Supreme Court, and held the position until the number of judges was reduced, when he retired to private life; and died at Newton, Connecticut, August 1, 1838. Edmondson, Henry A., was born in Virginia; received an academic education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Salem; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Thirty-first Congress as a Democrat, receiving 2,804 votes against 2,161 votes for Anderson, Whig; was re-elected to the Thirty-second Congress, receiv ing no opposition; was re-elected to the Thirty-third Congress, receiving no opposition ; was re-elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress, receiving 7,492 votes against 6,385 votes for Staples, American; was re- elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving no opposition; was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Con gress, receiving no opposition, serving from Decem ber 3, 1849, to March 3, 18(51. Edmunds, George F., was born at Richmond, Vermont, February 1, 1828; received a public-school education and the instruction of a private tutor; studied and practised law; was a member of the State legislature of Vermont in 1854-1859, serving three years as speaker ; was a member of the State Senate, and its presiding officer pro tcmpore in 1861 and 1862; was appointed United-States senator from Vermont as a Republican (to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Solomon Foot), and took his seat April 5, 1866; was elected by the legislature for the remainder of the term, ending March 4, 1869; re- elected for the term ending March 3, 1875, and re- elected for the term ending March 3, 1881. Edsall, Joseph E., was born in Sussex County, New Jersey; received a public-school education; resided at Hamburg; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Twenty-ninth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 8,779 votes against 5,848 .votes for Robinson, Whig; and was re-elected to the Thir tieth Congress, receiving 5,424 votes against 2,046 votes for Runk, Whig, serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1849. Edwards, Benjamin, was born in Stafford County, Virginia, in 1752; received a public-school education; was engaged in agricultural and mer can- tile pursuits; was a member of the State legislature, mid a delegate to the State Convention which rali- STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 381 fled the Federal Constitution; was elected a repre sentative from Maryland in the Third Congress (in plaee of Uriah Forrest, resigned), serving from Jan uary 2, 1705, to March 3, 171)5 ; removed to Todd County, Kentucky, and died there November 13, 1828. Edwards, Francis S., was born at Norwich, Connecticut, May 28, 1818; received an academic education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Fredonia, Chatauque County; held sev eral local offices; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-fourth Congress as an American, receiving 8,359 votes against (5,442 votes for 11. E. Fenton, Soft Democrat, and 241 votes for Lester, Hard Democrat, serving from December 3, 1855, to February 28, 1857, when he resigned ; was defeated as the American candidate for the Thirty- fifth Congress, receiving 3,251 votes against 12,046 votes for 11. E. Fenton,* Kepublican, and 3,436 votes for Allen, Democrat. Edwards, Henry Waggaman, was born at New Haven, Connecticut, in 1779; received a classi cal education, graduating at Princeton College in 1797; studied law at the Litchfield Law School; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at New Haven, Connecticut; was initiated into Freemasonry in 1809; was elected a representative from Connecti cut in the Sixteenth Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Seventeenth Congress, serving from December 6, 1819, to March 3, 1823; appointed sena tor (in place of Elijah Boardman, deceased), and sub sequently elected, serving from December 1, 1823, to March 4, 1827; was a member of the State Senate 1828, 1829, and of the State House of Representa tives in 1830, serving as speaker; was governor of Connecticut in 1833, and again in 1835-1838; and died at New Haven, Connecticut, July 22, 1847. Edwards, John, was born in Jefferson County, Kentucky, October 24, 1815; received a common- school education; studied law, and practises the profession ; was a member of the legislature of the State of Indiana continuously from 1845 to 1849; removed to California, and was elected alcalde there in 1849; returned to Indiana in 1852, and was the same year elected to the State Senate ; removed to Iowa, and was elected in 1855 a member of the Con stitutional Convention of that State ; was a member of the State legislature of Iowa 1856-1860, serving the last two years as speaker of the House; was appointed, May 21, 1861, lieutenant-colonel and aide- de-camp on the staff of the governor of Iowa, and organized and commanded State troops until May, 1862, when he was appointed colonel of the Eigh teenth Iowa Infantry; was appointed brigadier- general of volunteers in April, 1864; settled at Fort Smith at the close of the war; was appointed, August 6, 1866, United-States assessor; and was elected a representative from Arkansas in the. Forty-second Congress as a Liberal Republican against T. Boles, Fusion; his election was successfully contested by Thomas Boles, who took his seat February 9, 1872. Edwards, John, was born in Virginia, and re moved early in life to Fayette County, Kentucky; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1781-1783 and 1785; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention in 1785, and of the Con vention to ratify the Federal Constitution in 1792; and was elected a United-States senator from Ken tucky, serving from October 24, 1791, to March 3, 1795. Edwards, John, resided atEphratah, NcwYork; and was elected a representative from that State in the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1839. Edwards, John, resided at Ivy Mills, Delaware County, Pennsylvania; held several local offices; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-sixth Congress as a Whig; and was re- elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress, serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1843. Edwards, John C., was born at Chester, Pennsylvania; received an academic education; was elected a representative from Missouri in the Twenty-seventh Congress, serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1843; was governor of Missouri 1844-18-18. Edwards, Ninian, was born in Montgomery County, Maryland, March, 1775; received a classical education under the direction of William Wirt, graduating at Dickinson College; studied law; re moved to Kentucky before he became of age; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in the Green-River District; was a member of the State legislature; was successively elected judge of the Circuit Court, judge of the Court of Appeals, and chief justice of the State; was appointed governor of the Territory of Illinois 1809-1818; was elected United-States senator from Illinois as a Democrat, serving from December 4, 1818, to March 4, 1824, when he resigned ; was appointed minister to Mexico March 4, 1824, but when he reached New Orleans, on his way to his post, he was overtaken by instructions not to proceed, in consequence of charges made against him by W. H. Crawford, secre tary of the treasury; was again elected governor of Illinois, serving from 1826 to 1831 ; and died of cholera at Belleville, Illinois, July 20, 1833. Edwards, Pierreppnt, was born at Northamp ton, Massachusetts, April 8, 1750; received a classical education, graduating at Princeton College in 1768; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at New Haven, Connecticut, in 1771 ; served in the Revolutionary army; was the first grand master of the Grand Lodge of Connecticut; was several years a member of the State House of Rep resentatives ; was a delegate from Connecticut in the Continental Congress 1787-1788; was appointed United-States district-judge for the District of Con necticut, and held the ofiice at the time of his death at Bridgeport, Connecticut, April 14, 1826. Edwards, Samuel, was born near Chester, Pennsylvania; received a piiblic-school education; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Sixteenth Congress as a Federalist, receiving 6,090 votes, on a general ticket; was re-elected to the Seventeenth, Eighteenth, and Nineteenth Con gresses, serving from December 6, 1819, to March 3, 1827. Edwards, Thomas M., was born in Cheshire County, New Hampshire ; received a classical educa tion, graduating at Dartmouth College; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Kcene; was several years a member of the New- Hampshire legislature; was a presidential elector on the Fremont ticket in 1856; was elected a representa tive from New Hampshire in the Thirty-sixth Con gress as a Republican, receiving 11,717 votes against 10,639 votes for W. Burns, Democrat; and was re- elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress, receiving 11,778 votes against 9,940 votes for Burns, Democrat, serving from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 1863. Edwards, Thomas O., was born in Maryland; received a public-school education; removed to Ohio, and settled at Lancaster; was elected a representa tive from Ohio in the Thirtieth Congress as a Whig, serving from December 6, 1847, to March 3, 1849; was defeated as the Whig candidate for the Thirty- first Congress, receiving 6,984 votes against 6,906 votes for E. B. Olds, Democrat. Edwards, Weldon Nathaniel, was born at Warren, North Carolina, in 1788; received an aca demical education; studied law under Judge Hall; was admitted to the bar in 1810, and practised at Warrenton; was a member of the House of Com mons in 1814 and 1815 ; was elected a representative from North Carolina to the Fourteenth Congress (in place of Nathaniel Macon, elected, senator) as a Democrat, and was re-elected to the Fifteenth, Six teenth, Seventeenth, Eighteenth, and Nineteenth Congresses, serving from February 7, 1816, until 382 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. March 3, 1827; was elected State senator in 1833, and successively re-elected until 1844; was a member of the North-Carolina Constitutional Convention in 1835; was again elected to the State Senate in 1850, and was chosen president; was president of the State Convention in 18(31 ; and died at Warren, North Carolina, December 18, 1873. Edwards, William P., was born in Georgia, and was elected a representative from that State in the Fortieth Congress as a Republican, receiving 12,806 votes against 11,581 votes for Alexander, Democrat, and serving from July 25, 1868, to March 3, 1869. Effner, Valentine, was born in Schoharie County, New York; received a public-school educa tion; resided at Jefferson; Avas a member of the State House of Representatives in 1829; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 7, 1S35, to Marclxg, 1837. Egbert, Albert G., was born in Mercer County, Pennsylvania, April 13, 1828; was educated prin cipally in public schools; was trained a farmer ; left farming in 1852, and attended two academic courses in Ohio; commenced the study of medicine in 1853, and graduated in March, 1856; was actively engaged in the practice of medicine until 1861, since when he has been interested in the production and manufac ture of petroleum and in farming; and was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 10,393 votes against 10,381 votes for C. B. Curtis, Republican, serving from December 6, 1875, to March 3, 1877. Egbert, Joseph, was born at Richmond, New York; received a public-school education; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-seventh Congress as a Democrat, receiving 5,620 votes against 4,780 votes for Hillyer, Whig, and 89 votes for II. B. Cropsey, and serving f romJVIay 31, 1841, to March 3, 1843. Ege, George, was born in Brooks County, Penn sylvania; received a public-school education; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Fourth Congress (in place of Daniel Heister, re signed); and was re-elected to the Fifth Congress, serving from December 8, 1796, to 1797, when he resigned. Eggleston, Benjamin, was born at Corinth, New York, Januarys, 1816; received a public-school education; went to Cincinnati, where he engaged in mercantile pursuits, and became interested in public works; was presiding oflicer of the City Council of Cincinnati; was a member of the State Senate of Ohio in 1862, 1863, 18(54, and 1865; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirty-ninth Con- fress as a Republican, receiving 9,893 votes against ,461 votes for George E. Pugh, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress as a Republican, receiving 10,422 votes against 9,496 votes for Pendle- ton, Democrat, serving from December 4, 1865, to March 3, 1869. Eggleston, Joseph, was born in Amelia County, Virginia, November 24, 1754; received a classical education, graduating at the College of William and Mary; served in the Revolutionary army as captain and major of Lee s Light-Horse Cavalry; was several years a member of the, Virginia House of Representatives; was elected a representa tive from Virginia in the Fifth Congress (in place of William B. Giles, resigned) ; and was re-elected to the Sixth Congress, serving from December 3, 1798, to March 3, 1801; and died in Amelia County, Vir ginia, February 13, 1811. Eickhoff, Anthony, was born in Westphalia, Germany, September 11, 1827; studied philology; sailed for America in 1847; studied law at St. Louis, and adopted the editorial profession; edited papers successively at St. Louis, Dubuque, Louisville, and finally at New York, where he located in 1852; was appointed commissary-general of subsistence for the State of New York in 1863; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1863; was elected coroner in 1873; was elected a representative from New York in the Forty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 13,199 votes against 6,051 votes for Wallace P. Groom, Greenbacker and Republican, and serving from October 15, 1877. Ela, Jacob H., was born at Rochester, New Hampshire, July 18, 1820; learned the art of print ing; is engaged in agricultural pursuits ; held several local offices, and was a member of the State legisla ture of New Hampshire in 1857 and 1858; was United-States marshal from July, 1861, to October, 1866 ; was elected a representative from New Hamp shire in the Fortieth Congress, receiving 13,243 votes against 12,247 votes for Marcy, Democrat ; an d was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress as a Repub lican, receiving 1,700 majority over Hibbard, Demo crat, serving from March 4, 1867, to March 3, 1871 ; was appointed by President Grant fifth auditor of the treasury. Elam, Joseph B., was born in Hampstcad Coun ty, Arkansas, June 12, 1821, and removed with his father to Natchitoches, Louisiana, in 1826; studied law ; was admitted to the bar at Alexandria in 1843, and practised in Sabine and afterwards in De Soto Parish; was a member of the State House of Repre sentatives from Sabine Parish for two terms; re moved to Mansfield, De Soto County, in 1851; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention in 1861, and signed the ordinance of secession; was again a member of the State House of Representa tives for two terms during the civil war, serving one term as speaker; was again elected to the State House of Representatives in 1872, but was counted out by the returning board ; was elected to the State Senate in 1874, but was again counted out; was elected a representative from Louisiana in the Forty- fifth Congress as a Democrat, claiming to have re ceived 12,136 votes against 11,540 votes for George L. Smith, Republican, and serving from October 15, 1877. Eldridge, Charles A., was born at Bridport, Vermont, February 27, 1821; went with his parents to New York; studied and practised law; settled at Fond du Lac, Wisconsin, in 1848; was a member of the State Senate of Wisconsin in 1854 and 1855 ; was elected a representative from Wisconsin in the Thir ty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 15,374 votes .against 9,832 votes for Bragg, Union ; was re- elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiving 15,583 votes against 10,952 votes for A. Scott Sloan, Union; was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, receiving 12,036 votes against 10,028 votes for Hatch, Repub lican ; was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress, re ceiving 17,688 votes against 12,205 votes for Frisbic, Republican ; was re-elected to the Forty-second Con gress, receiving 15,019 votes against 9,056 votes for Watrous, Republican; and was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress, receiving 15,587 votes against 12,507 votes for H. Batz, Republican, serving from December 7, 1863, to March 3, 1875. Eliot, Samuel Atkins, was born at Boston, Massachusetts, March 5, 1798; received a classical education, graduating at Harvard College in 1817; engaged in commercial pursuits; was mayor of Bos ton 1837-1839; was a senator and a representative in the State legislature; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Thirty-first Congress (in place of Robert C. AVinthrop, appointed senator) as a Whig, serving from August 22, 1850, to March 3, 1851; was for eleven years treasurer of Harvard College (of which his son, Charles William Eliot, was afterwards president); and died at Cambridge, Mas sachusetts, January 26, 1862. Eliot, Thomas D., was born at Boston, Massa chusetts, March 20, 1808; studied and practised law; was a member of the Senate and of the House in the State legislature of Massachusetts; was a represen tative from Massachusetts in the Thirty-third Con- STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 383 gross for -the unexpired term of Z. Scuddcr, serving from April 17, 1854, to March 3, 1855; was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving 4,854 votes against 1,740 votes for Bates, Democrat, and 58 votes scattering; was re-elected to the Thirty-seventh Con gress, receiving 7,350 votes against 1,001 votes for Daniel Fisher, and 1,723 votes for others; was re- elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, receiving 8,399 votes against 2,702 votes for Fisher, People s candi date ; was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiving 13,087 votes against 2,850 votes forPhinney, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Fortieth Con gress as a Republican, receiving 8,184 votes against 1,530 votes for Ellis, Democrat, serving from Decem ber 5, 1859, to March 3, 1800; died at New Bedford, Massachusetts, June 12, 1870. Elkins, Stephen B., was born in Ohio, Sep tember 20, 1841; moved to the State of Missouri when very young; graduated at the university of that State July, 1800; studied law, and was admitted to the bar; went to the Territory of New Mexico in 1803; was a member of the Territorial Legislative Assembly of 1804 and 1805 ; held the offices of Terri torial district-attorney, attorney-general, and United- States district-attorney, in said Territory; was elected a representative from New Mexico in the Forty-third Congress as a Republican, receiving 3,818 majority over J. M. G-allcgos, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Congress as a Republican, by 1,580 ma jority over Pedro Valdez, Democrat. Bllery, Christopher, was born at Newport, Rhode Island; received a classical education, gradu ating at Yale College in 1787 ; studied law; was ad mitted to the bar, and commenced practice at New port; was elected a United-States senator from Rhode Island (in place of Ray Greene, resigned) as a Demo crat, serving from December 7, 1801, to March 3, 1805; was appointed by President Jefferson United- States commissioner of loans in 1800; was appointed by President J. Q. Adams collector of customs at Newport in 1828, and held the office until he died, in 1840. Ellery, "William, was born at Newport, Rhode Island, December 22, 1727 ; received a classical edu cation, graduating at Harvard College in 1747; was naval officer of the colony of Rhode Island ; studied law, serving for two years as clerk of a court; was admitted to the bar in 1770, and commenced practice at Newport; was a delegate from Rhode Island to the Continental Congress (in place of Samuel AVard, deceased), taking his seat May 14, 1770, signing the Declaration of Independence, and serving until 1781 ; he was again a delegate 1783-1785 ; was appointed chief justice of Rhode Island in 1785; was elected by Congress loan commissioner for Rhode Island in 1786; was appointed by President Washington col lector of the port of Newport from 1790 until his death; he was reading his favorite author, Cicero, when he fell from his chair, and expired, February 15.1 820. Ellett, Henry T., was elected a representative from Mississippi in the Twenty-ninth Congress (in place of Jeff erson Davis, resigned), serving-from Jan uary 20, 1847, to March 3, 1&47. Ellicott, Benjamin, received a public-school education; resided at Batavia, Genesee County; was elected a representative from New York in the Fif teenth Congress, and served from December 1, 1817, to March 3, 1819. Elliot, John, received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1794; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Suribury, Liberty County, Georgia; held several im portant local offices; was elected a United-States senator from Georgia, serving from December 6, 1819, to March 3, 1825; and died at Sunbury, Georgia, August 9, 1827. Elliott, James, was born at Guilford, Vermont, August 0, 1770; received a public-school education; served in the Indian war of 1793 as a sergeant ; was clerk in a store at Guilford, Vermont; studied law, and was a contributor to several newspapers in Ver mont and at Philadelphia; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Brattleborough, Vermont; held several local offices; was elected a representa tive from Vermont in the Eighth Congress as a Fed eralist, and was re-elected to the Ninth and Tenth Congresses, serving from October 17, 1803, to March 3, 1809; died at Newfane, Vermont, November 10, 1839. Published a volume of poetry and prose in 1796. Elliott, James T., was born in Monroe County, Georgia, April 22, 1823; received a public-school education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1854, and commenced practice at Caniden, Arkansas; was elected circuit-judge in 1800; established and edited "The South-Arkansas Journal " in 1807; was elected a representative from Arkansas in the Forti eth Congress (in place of James Hinds, assassinated) as a Republican, serving from January 13, 1809, to March 3, 1869; was defeated as the Republican can didate for the Forty-first Congress, receiving 2,836 votes against 4,932 votes for W. C. Sherrod, Demo crat; and died at Camdcn, Arkansas, July 28, 1875. Elliott, John M., was born in Scott County, Virginia, May 10, 1820; removed to Kentucky when a lad; received a public-school education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice in 1843; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1847 ; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Thirty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 0,257 votes against 5,370 votes for Pierce, Whig; was re-elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress, receiving 7,686 votes against 6,341 votes for Dunlop, American; and was re-elected to the Thirty- fifth Congress, receiving 7,470 votes against 5,950 votes for Moore, American, serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1859; was a representative from Kentucky in the First and Second Confederate Con gresses. Elliott, Robert Brown, was born at Boston, Massachusetts, August 11, 1842; received his primary education at private schools; in 1853 entered High Holborn Academy in London, England ; in 1855 en tered Eton College, England, and graduated in 1859; studied law, and practises his profession ; was a mem ber of the State Constitutional Convention of South Carolina in 1868; was a member of the House of Rep resentatives of South Carolina from July 6, 1868, to October 23, 1870; was appointed on the 25th of March, 1869, assistant adjutant-general, which position he held until he was elected a representative from South Carolina in the Forty-second Congress as a Repub lican, receiving 20,504 votes against 13,997 votes for J. E. Bacon, Democrat, serving from March 4, 1871, to 1873, when he resigned; and was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress as a Republican, receiving 21,67 votes against 1,094 votes for W. II. McCan, Democrat, serving from December 1, 1873, to May, 1874, when he resigned, having been elected sheriff. Ellis, Caleb, was born at Walpolc, Massachu setts, in 1707; received a liberal education ; graduated at Harvard College in 1793; studied law, and was admitted to practice; he removed to Newport, New Hampshire, and afterwards to Claremont ; was elect ed to the Senate and House of Representatives of the State legislature; was elected a representative from New Hampshire in the Ninth Congress, serving from December 2, 1805, to March 3, 1807 ; was chosen an. elector on the Clinton and Ingersoll ticket in 1813; was appointed judge of the Superior Court of New Hampshire in 1813, and held the office until he died, May 0, 1810. Ellis, Cheselden, was born in New York; re ceived a public-school education; resided at Water- ford; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 7,328 votes against 7,110 votes for Linn, Whig, and 111 votes for Smith, Abolitionist, and serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1845 ; was defeated as 384 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. the Democratic candidate for the Twenty-ninth Con gress, receiving 8,124 votes against 8,423 votes. Ellis, E. John, Avas born at Covington, Louisi ana, October 15, 1841; received his early education at Clinton, Louisiana; entered the freshman class at Centenary College, Jackson, Louisiana, in 1855, and withdrew when in the junior class in 1858; entered the Law Department of the University of Louisiana; graduated in March, 1801; joined the Confederate army live days afterward, and served throughout the war; was admitted to the bar of Louisiana in 186(5, and practised in New Orleans after 1807; never held a public office of any kind until elected a representa tive from Louisiana in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 13,900 votes against 11,000 votes for Henry C. Dibble, Republican; and claimed to have been re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 13,548 votes against 12,130 votes for J. B. Elam, serving from December 6, 1875. Ellis, Powhatan, was born in Virginia; re moved when young to Mississippi ; received an aca demic education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised; was elected a judge of the State Supreme Court in 1823; was appointed a United- States senator from Mississippi (in place of David Holmes, resigned) as a Democrat, serving from De cember 12, 1825, to March 11, 182(5, when his succes sor took his seat; was again elected a United-States senator, serving from December 3, 1827, to 1832, when he resigned, having been appointed judge of the United-States Court; was appointed by President Jackson charge d affaires to Mexico January 5, 1830, and closed the legation of the United States Decem ber 28, 1830; was appointed by President Van Buren minister plenipotentiary to Mexico February 15, 1839, and was superseded by Waddy Thompson of South Carolina April 21, 1842. Ellis, William C., was born in Pennsylvania; received a public-school education ; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Muncy, Ly- oming County; was a prominent Freemason; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Eighteenth Congress as a Federalist, and served from December 1, 1823, to March 3, 1825; resumed practice; and died at Muncy, Pennsylvania, Decem ber 13, 1871. Ellison, Andrew, was born in Ireland; emi grated to the United States ; received a public-school education; located at Georgetown, Ohio; was elected a representative from that State in the Thirty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 7,479 votes against 7,208 votes for Barrere, Whig, and served from De cember 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855. Ellsworth, Charles C., of Greenville, was elected a representative from Michigan in the Forty- fifth Congress as a Republican, receiving 10,098 votes against 15,700 votes for Fred. H. Potter, Democrat, and serving from October 15, 1877. Ellsworth, Oliver (father of William W. Ells worth), was born at Windsor, Connecticut, April 29, 1745; received a classical education, graduating at Princeton College in 1796; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Windsor; was a delegate from Connecticut to the Continental Congress in 1777; was an executive councillor 1778- 1780 ; was a delegate to the convention which framed the Federal Constitution 1787; was elected a United- States senator from Connecticut as a Federalist, serving from March 4, 1789, to 179(5, when he re signed; was appointed chief justice of the Supreme Court of the United States in 1790, but resigned, on account of ill health, in 1800; was appointed envoy extraordinary to France in 1799 to negotiate a treaty; was a presidential elector on the Pinckney and King ticket in 1805, and again in 1807; died at Windsor, Connecticut, November 20, 1807. Ellsworth, Samuel S., was born in Vermont; received an academic education; removed to Penn Yan, New York; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1840; was elected a represen tative from New York in the Twenty-ninth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 8,703 votes against 7,062 votes for Judd, Whirr, and serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1847. Ellsworth, William W. (son of Oliver Ells worth, and twin-brother of Henry L. Ellsworth, commissioner of patents for many years), was born in Windsor County, Connecticut, November 10, 1791 ; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1810; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and was professor of law at Trinity College, Hartford; was elected a representative from Con necticut in the Twenty-first Congress as a Whig, and was re-elected to the Twenty-second and Twenty- third Congresses, serving from December 7, 1829, to 1834, when he resigned ; was governor of Connecti cut 1838-1842 ; was judge of the State Supreme Court from 1847, until he was obliged, by the consti tutional provision, to retire in 1861; declined twice an election to the United-States Senate ; and died at Hartford, Connecticut, January 15, 1868. Elmendorf, Lucas, was born at Kingston, New York, in 1758; received a classical education, gradu ating at Princeton College in 1782; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Kingston; was elected a representative from New York in the Fifth Congress, and was re-elected to the Sixth and Sev enth Congresses, serving from May 15, 1797, to March 8, 1803; was a member of the State House of Repre sentatives 1804-1805, and of the State Senate 1814- 1817 ; and died at Kingston, New York, August 17, 1843. Elmer, Ebenezer (brother of Jonathan Elmer), was born at Cedarville, New Jersey, in 1752; received an academic education; studied medicine, and was admitted to practice; served in the Revolutionary army as a field-officer, and also as a surgeon ; was president of the Society of the Cincinnati for New Jersey; practised medicine at Bridgeton, New Jersey; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1789-1795, serving as speaker in 1791 and 1795 ; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Seventh Congress, and was re-elected to the Eighth and Ninth Congresses, serving from December 7, 1801, to March 3, 1807; was appointed by President Jefferson collector of customs at Bridgeton; com manded a brigade of New-Jersey militia on the east ern bank of the Delaware in the war of 1812; was vice-president of the Burlington College 1808-1817 and 1822-1832; became the last surviving officer of the New-Jersey Revolutionary officers; and died at Bridgeton, New Jersey, October 18, 1843. Elmer, Jonathan (brother of Ebenezer Elmer), was born in Cumberland County, New Jersey, in 1745; received an academic education; studied med icine; graduated at the Medical School of the Univer sity of Pennsylvania, and practised with success; was a delegate from New Jersey in the Continental Congress 1770-1778, 1781-1784, and 1787; was high sheriff and afterwards surrogate of Cumberland County; was elected a United-States senator from New Jersey as a Federalist, serving from March 4, 1789, to March 3, 1791 ; devoted the closing years of his life to literary pursuits, and died at Burlington, New Jersey, in 1817. Elmer, Lucius Q. C., was born at Bridgeton, New Jersey, in 1793; received a classical education, graduating at Princeton College; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Bridgeton, New Jersey; was several years prosccut- ing-attorney ; was a- member of the State House of Representatives 1820-1823, serving the last year as speaker; was United-States district-attorney for the District of New Jersey 1824-1829 ; was elected a rep resentative from New Jersey in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, and served from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1845 ; was defeated as the Demo cratic candidate for the Twenty-ninth Congress, receiving 6,053 votes against 7,440 votes for J. G. Hampton, Whig; was appointed attorney-general of STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 385 New Jersey in 1850; was a justice of the State Su preme Court 1850-1852. Published a "Digest of the Laws of New Jersey" 1838. Elmore, Franklin Harper, was born in Lau- rens District, South Carolina, January 16, 1799; re ceived a classical education, graduating at the South- Carolina College in 1819; studied law with Judge A. P. Butler; was admitted to the bar in 1821, and com menced practice at Walterborough, South Carolina; was solicitor of the South-eastern and afterwards of the Southern Judicial Circuits 1822-1834 ; was elected a representative from South Carolina in the Twenty- fourth Congress (to fill a vacancy occasioned by the resignation of General Hammond) as a State-rights Democrat, and was re-elected to the Twenty-fifth Congress, serving from December 19, 1836, to March 3, 1839; was president of the Bank of the State of South Carolina from December, 1839, to 1850; de clined the position of minister to Great Britain ten dered him by President Polk ; was appointed United- States senator (to fill the vacancy occasioned by the death of John C. Calhoun), serving from May G, 1850, until his death at Washington, of neuralgia, May 29, 1S50. Ely, Alfred, was born at Lyme, New-London County, Connecticut, February 18, 1815; received an academic education; removed to Rochester, New York, in 1835; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1841, and commenced practice at Rochester; was elected a representative from New York in the Thir ty-sixth Congress as a Republican, receiving 7,270 votes against 5,114 votes for Trimmer, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress, receiving 10,704 votes against 7,314 votes for Rey nolds, Democrat, serving from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 1863; went as a spectator to the battle-field of Bull Run in 1861, where he was captured by the Confederates, and imprisoned at Richmond for nearly six months, when he was exchanged for Charles J. Faulkner. His journal of prison life at Richmond was edited and published by Mr. Charles Lanman. Ely, John, was born in Connecticut ; removed to Coxsackie, New York; received a public-school edu cation ; was a member of the State House of Represen tatives 1837-1839; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-sixth Congress. as a Demo crat, receiving 9,668 votes against 9,502 votes for Mitchell Sanford, Whig, and serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1841. Ely, Smith, jun., was born in New Jersey in 1825 ; was educated as a lawyer, and admitted to the bar in 1846, but never practised his profession ; has been for twenty-four years past engaged in mercan tile pursuits in the city of New York ; was elected school-trustee in 1856, State senator in 1857, and county supervisor in 1860, retaining the latter office until it was abolished in July, 1870; was elected a representative from New York in the Forty-second Congress as a Democrat, receiving 12,514 votes against 3,503 votes for D. H. McAlpin, Republican, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1873; and was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Congress, receiving 7,689 votes against 6,418 votes for Spencer, Repub lican, serving from December 6, 1875, to December 12, 1876, when he resigned, having been elected mayor of New-York City. Ely, William, was born in Massachusetts; re ceived a classical education, graduating at Yale Col lege in 1787; was elected a representative from Mas sachusetts in the Ninth Congress as a Federalist, and was re-elected to the Tenth, Eleventh, Twelfth, and Thirteenth Congresses, serving from December 2, 1805, to March 3, 1815; and died in 1817. Embree, Elisha, was born in Lincoln County, Kentucky, September 28, 1801; removed with his father to Indiana in 1811; received a public-school education ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Princeton, Indiana ; was a member of the State Senate of Indiana in 1833; was circuit-judge 1835-1845; was elected a repre sentative from Indiana in the Thirtieth Congress as a Whig, receiving 7,445 votes against 7,054 votes for R. D. Owen, Democrat, and serving from December 6, 1847, to March 3, 1849; was defeated as the Whig candidate for the Thirty-first Congress, receiving 7,598 votes against 7,823 votes for N. Albertson, Democrat; engaged in agricultural pursuits, and died at Princeton, Indiana, March 7, 1863. Emott, James, was born at Albany, New York, in 1770; received an academic education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice at Poughkeepsie ; was elected a representative from New York in the Eleventh Congress as a Fed eralist, and was re-elected to the Twelfth Congress, receiving a majority of 131 votes, and serving from May 22, 1809, to March 3, 1813; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1814-1817 ; was first judge of the Court df Common Pleas of Dutchess County from April 8, 1817, to February 3, 1823; was appointed judge for the Second Judicial Circuit February 21, 1827, and held the office until he became sixty years of age, when he had to retire; he died at Poughkeepsie, New York, April 7, 1850. Emrie, Joseph Reece, resided at Hillsborough, Ohio, and was elected a representative from that State in the Thirty-fourth Congress as a Republican, receiving 9,990 votes against 5,370 votes for Ellison, and serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1857 ; was defeated as the Republican candidate for the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving 7,460 votes against 8,603 votes for J. R. Cockerell, Democrat, and 1,598 votes for Trimbull, American. English, James E., was born in New Haven, Connecticut, in March, 1812; received a common- school education; became a master-builder and dealer in lumber, engaging subsequently in banking and manufacturing; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1855, and of the State Senate in 1856-1858, but declined a re-election ; was an unsuccessful candidate for lieutenant-governor on the ticket with Colonel Seymour in 1860; was elected a representative in the Thirty-seventh Con gress as a Democrat, and re-elected to the Thirty- eighth Congress ; was elected governor of Connecti cut in 1867, defeating J. E. Hawley; re-elected in 1868, defeating M. Jewell ; was an unsuccessful can didate in 1869, and again elected in 1870; was again elected to the State House of Representatives; was an unsuccessful candidate for representative in the Forty-third Congress; was appointed United-States senator from Connecticut as a Democrat (to fill the vacancy occasioned by the death of Orris S. Ferry, Republican), and served from December 8, 1875, to May 22, 1876. English, William H., was born in Scott County, Indiana, August 27, 1822 ; received a classical education, passing three years at the Uni versity of South Hanover; studied law; was ad mitted to the bar, and commenced practice in 1846, but devoted most of his time to agricultural pursuits; was clerk of the State House of Representatives in 1843; was a clerk in the treasury department at Washington 1844-1848; was clerk of the Indiana Constitutional Convention in 1850; was a member of the State House of Representatives of Indiana in 1851, serving as speaker; was elected a representa tive from Indiana in the Thirty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 8,654 votes against 7,094 votes for Fergason, Whig; was re-elected to the Thirty- fourth Congress, receiving 8,931 votes against 8,345 votes for Shaulter, Republican; was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving 10,577 votes against 7,927 votes for Wilson, Republican ; and was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving 9,293 votes against 7,434 votes for J. M. Wilson, Republican, serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1861. Eppes, John W., was born in Virginia in 1773; received an academic education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at 386 CONGRESSIONAL DIEECTOEY. Richmond; married Maria, a daughter of Thomas Jefferson; was elected a representative from Vir ginia in the Eighth Congress as a Democrat ; was re- elected to the Ninth, Tenth, and Eleventh Con gresses, serving from October 17, 1803, to March 3, 1811; was again elected a representative from Vir ginia in the Thirteenth Congress, receiving a majority of 176 votes, and serving from May 24, 1813, to March 2, 1815; was elected a United-States senator from Virginia, serving from December 1, 1817, to 181!), when he resigned on account of ill health, and retired to his plantation in Chesterfield County, Vir ginia, where he died September 20, 1853. Erdman, Jacob, was born in Pennsylvania; re ceived a public-school education; resided at Coopers- burg; was elected a representative from Pennsyl vania in the Twenty-ninth Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1847; and died at Coopersburg, Pennsylvania, July 20, 1867. Errett, Russell, of Pittsburg, was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Forty-fifth Congress as a Republican, receiving 14,551 votes against 12,913 votes for James H. Hopkins, Demo crat, and serving from October 15, 1877. Erwin, James, was born in Williamsburg Dis trict, South Carolina, October 17, 1778; received a classical education, graduating at Brown University in 1797 ; studied law with W. D. James, was admitted to the bar in 1800, and commenced practice in the Pedee country; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1800-1804; was solicitor of the Northern Judicial Circuit 1804-1816; was a trustee of the South-Carolina College 1809-1817; was elected a representative from South Carolina in the Fifteenth Congress as a Tariff man, defeating Benjamin Huger, and was re-elected to the Sixteenth Congress without opposition, serving from December 1, 1817, to March 3, 1821 ; his health failed while he was in Congress, and he declined a re-election; he was killed by a fall from his horse, near Darlington Court House. July 7, 1841. Estil, Benjamin, was born in Washington County, Virginia; received an academic education ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practised at Abington ; was elected a representative from Vir ginia in the Nineteenth Congress, receiving nearly every vote, and serving from December 5, 1825, to March 3, 1827. Esty, Constantine C.,was born at Framingham, Massachusetts, December 26, 1824; received a classical education ; graduating at Yale College in 1845 ; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1847, and practised at Framingham ; was a member of the State Senate in 1857 and 1858, and of the State House of Repre sentatives in 1867 ; was appointed assessor of internal revenue in 1862, removed in 1866, re-appointed in 1867, and resigned in 1872 ; was elected a representa tive from Massachusetts in the Forty-second Congress (in place of George M. Brooks, resigned) as a Repub lican, receiving 13,583 votes against 5,274 votes for George Stevens, Democrat and Liberal, and 170 votes scattering, and serving from December 2, 1872, to March 3, 1873. Etheridge, Emerson, was born at Currituck, North Carolina, September 28, 1819; removed to Tennessee in 1831; received a public-school educa tion; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and com menced practice in 1840; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1845-1847; was elected a representative from Tennessee in the Thirty-third Congress as a Whig, receiving no opposition; and was re-elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress as an American, receiving 7,952 votes against 7,394 votes for Freeman, Democrat, serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1857 ; was defeated as the American candidate for the Thirty-fifth Congress by T. C. Atkins, Democrat ; was again elected a representative from Tennessee in the Thirty-sixth Congress as a National American, receiving 9,437 votes against 9,430 votes for T. C. Atkins, Democrat, and serving from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 1861 ; was clerk of the House of Representatives from July 4, 1861, to December 8, 1863; resumed the practice of law. Eustis, George, jun., was born at New Orleans, Louisiana, September 28, 1828; received a classical education at Jefferson College, Louisiana, and gradu ated at the Cambridge Law School; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at New Orleans; was elected a representative in the Thirty-fourth Congress as an American, receiving 2,588 votes against 2,258 votes for Fabre, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving 2,336 votes against 1,528 votes for Villiers, Democrat, serving from Decembers, 1855, until March 3, 1859; was appointed secretary of the Confederate legation at Paris, and remained in France after the civil war; was commissioned by Mr. Washburne, the minister of the United States at Paris, to negotiate a postal treaty with the French Government; and, on the out break of the Franco-Prussian war, he voluntarily contributed his services to the legation of the United States ; he died at Cannes, France, March 15, 1872. Eustis, James B., was born at New Orleans August 27, 1834 ; received a classical education ; was at the Harvard Law School in 1853 and 1854; was admitted to the bar in 1856, and practised at New Orleans; entered the Confederate service at the com mencement of hostilities as judge-advocate on the staff of General Magrudcr, and, after one year s service, was transferred to the staff of General Joe Johnston, with whom he served until the close of the Avar; resumed practice at New Orleans; was elected a member of the State legislature prior to the reconstruction acts ; was one of the committee sent to Washington to confer with President Johnson on. Louisiana affairs; was nominated for Congress in 1872 as a candidate at large, but was left off by the fusion of tickets ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1872 ; was elected a member of the State Senate for four years in 1874; was elected a United-States senator as a Democrat to succeed William Pitt Kellogg, Republican (the seat having been vacant since 1873), and took his seat December 10, 1877; his term of service will expire March 3, 1879. Eustis, "William, was born at Cambridge, Massachusetts, June 10, 1753; received a classical education, graduating at Harvard College in 1772; studied medicine with Dr. Joseph Warren ; served in the Revolutionary army as surgeon, and had charge of the hospital opposite West Point in which Arnold had his headquarters ; resumed his practice in Boston, after the war; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Seventh Congress as a Demo crat, and was re-elected to the Eighth Congress, serving from December 7, 1801, to March 3, 1805; was appointed secretary of war by President Madison, serving from March 7, 1809, to January 19, 1813 ; was minister to the Netherlands, serving from December 19, 1814, to May 5, 1818 ; was again elected to the Sixteenth Congress (in place of Edward Dowse, resigned), and was re-elected to the Seventeenth Congress, serving from November 13, 1820, to March 3, 1823; was elected governor of Massachusetts in 1823, and served until his death, after an illness of five days, at Boston, February 6, 1825. Evans, Alexander, was born at Elkton, Mary land; received a public-school education; was a civil-engineer s assistant; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Elkton in 1845; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Thirtieth Congress as a Whig, receiving 4,909 votes against 4,444 votes for Carmichael, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-first Congress, receiving 4,986 votes against 4,487 votes for S. M. Magraw, Democrat ; and was re-elected to the Thirty-second Congress, receiving 4,992 votes against 4,486 votes for McCullough, Opposition, serving from December 6, 1847, to March 3, 1853; resumed the practice of law. STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 387 Evans, David E., of Batavia, Genesee County, New York; received an academic education; was elected to the Twentieth Congress, but resigned before taking his seat. Evans, David R., was born at Westminster, England, February 20, 1769; his father brought him to ISouth Carolina in 1784; he received a classical education at Mount-Zion College ; studied law with Daniel Brown, and (after having been rejected) was admitted to the bar in 1796 ; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1800-1804; was solicitor of the Middle Judicial Circuit 1804-1811; was elected a representative from South Carolina in the Thirteenth Congress as a Democrat, defeating Eobert Creswell, and serving from May 24, 1813, to March 3, 1815 ; declining a re-election, he retired to his plantation, and devoted himself to agricultural pursuits; was State senator 1818-1826, when he declined a re-election; held several prominent posi tions in societies connected with the Presbyterian Church; and died near Winn s Bridge, Fairfield District, South Carolina, March 8, 1843. Evans, George, was born at Hallowell, Massa chusetts (afterwards Maine), January 12, 1797; re ceived a classical education, graduating at Bowdoin College in 1815; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1818, and practised at Gardiner, removing afterwards to Hallowell ; was a member of the State House of Representatives, and its speaker in 1829; was elected a representative from Maine in the Twenty-first Congress as a Whig; Avas re-elected to the Twenty-second Congress; was re-elected to the Twenty-third Congress, receiving 3,542 votes against 2,863 votes for White, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Twenty-fourth, Twenty-fifth, and Twenty- sixth Congresses, serving from December 7, 1829, to March 3, 1841; was elected a United-States senator from Maine as a Whig, serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1847 ; was defeated as the Whig candidate for senator in 1847 by J. W. Bradbury, Democrat; was a member of the commission to ascertain the claims against Mexico 1849-1850; was elected attor ney-general of Maine in 1850, 1854, and 1856; and died at Hallo well, Maine, April 5, 1867. Evans, Isaac Newton, was born in East-Nant- meal Township, Chester County, Pennsylvania, July 27, 1827; received an academic education; studied medicine, graduating in the medical department of Bowdoin College, Maine, in 1851, and at the Jeffer son Medical College of Philadelphia in 1852; prac tised at Johnsville, Berks County, and Hatborough, Montgomery County; is a member of the Pennsyl vania State Medical Society and of the American Medical Association ; is president of the Hatborough National Bank; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Forty-fifth Congress as a Repub lican, receiving 15,765 votes against 14,247 votes for Abel Rambo, Democrat, and serving from October 15, 1877. Evans, James La Fayette, was born in Har rison County, Kentucky, March 27, 1825; received a common-school education; removed to Hancock County, Indiana, in 1837, and to Noblesville in 1850; was by occupation a miller and general trader; and was elected a representative from Indiana in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Republican, receiving 14,595 votes against 13,426 votes for J. D. Cox, Dem ocrat ; and was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 17,930 votes against 16,482 votes for Arm strong, Democrat, serving from December 6, 1875. Evans, John, was a delegate from Pennsylvania in the Continental Congress from 1776 to 1777. Evans, Joshua, was born in Pennsylvania ; re ceived an academic education; resided at Paoli; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-first Congress as a Jackson Democrat; and was re-elected to the Twenty-second Congress, serv- ingfrom December 7, 1829, to March 2, 1833. Evans, Josiah James, was born in Marlbor- ough District, South Carolina, November 27, 1786; was for a time a clerk in a store ; received a classical education, graduating at the South-Carolina College in 1808; studied law with his brother-in-law, Mr. Hanson; was admitted to the bar in 1811, and com menced practice in Marlborough District; was a member of the State House of Representatives in. 1812 and 1813; removed to the estate of his wife in Darlington District in 1816, and was again elected a member of the House of Representatives ; was State solicitor for the Northern District 1816-1829; was a circuit-judge 1829-1835, and of the higher court 1829-1852; was elected a United-States senator from South Carolina as a State-rights Democrat, and served from March 4, 1853, until his sudden death from heart-disease at Washington City, May 6, 1858. Evans, Lemuel D., was born in Tennessee; removed to Texas, where he practised law at Mar shall; was elected a representative from Texas to the Thirty-fourth Congress as an American, receiv ing 10,342 votes against 10,311 votes for Crosby, Democrat, serving from December 3, 1855, until March 3, 1857; was defeated as the American candi date for the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving 10,085 votes against 15,799 votes for J. H. Regan, Democrat; was a circuit-judge; was appointed by President Grant United-States marshal of the Eastern Judicial District of Texas. Evans, Nathan, was born in Belmont County, Ohio, June 24, 1804; received a public-school educa tion; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1831, and commenced practice at Cambridge, Ohio; was prosecuting-attorney for Guernsey County 1842-1846 , was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thir tieth Congress as a Whig, and was re-elected to the Thirty-first Congress, receiving 6,606 votes against 5,840 votes for Gaston, Democrat, serving from De cember 6, 1847, to March 3, 1851 ; resumed his prac tice at Cambridge. Evans, Thomas, was born in Virginia; received a public-school education ; studied law, and was ad mitted to the bar; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Fifth Congress; and was re-elected to the Sixth Congress, serving from May 15, 1797, to March 3, 1801. Eveleigh, Nicholas, was a delegate from South Carolina in the Continental Congress 1781-1782. Everett, Edward, was born at Dorchester, Massachusetts, April 11, 1794; received a classical education, graduating at Harvard College in 1811; was a tutor at Harvard 1812; studied theology, and was ordained pastor of the Brattle-street Unitarian Church, Boston, February 9, 1814; was elected pro fessor of Greek literature at Harvard in 1814, and passed three years and a half abroad, studying at Gottingen and other European universities, before he entered upon his duties ; was elected a represen tative from Massachusetts in the Nineteenth Con gress as a Whig, and was re-elected to the Twentieth, Twenty-first, Twenty-second, and Twenty-third Con gresses, serving from December 5, 1825, to March 3, 1835 ; declined a re-election ; was governor of Massa chusetts 1836-1840; was appointed commissioner to China March 3, 1843, but declined ; was minister to Great Britain September 13, 1841-August 8, 1845; returning, he was elected president of Harvard Col lege, serving 1846-1849 ; was appointed by President Fillmore secretary of state (to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Daniel Webster), serving from November 6, 1852, to March 3, 1853; was elected United-States senator from Massachusetts, serving from December 5, 1853, to June 1, 1854, when he resigned ; was defeated as the American compromise candidate for Vice-President on the ticket headed by John Bell, receiving 39 electoral votes against 180 electoral votes for Hannibal Hamlin, 72 electoral votes for Joseph Lane, and 12 electoral votes for II. V. Johnson ; lectured in behalf of the fund for the purchase of Mount Vernon; was a presidential elect or on the Lincoln and Johnson ticket in 1864; and died at Boston, after a short illness, January 15, 388 CONGEESSIONAL DIKECTOEY. 1865. Published "Webster s Works, with a Memoir," " The Life of General Stark," " The Mount-Vernon Papers," an " Abridged Biography of Washington," and numerous magazine articles and addresses. Everett, Horace, was born in Vermont in 1780; received a classical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Windsor, Vermont; was prosecuting -attorney for Windsor County 1813-1817; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1820, 1822-1824, and 1834; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention of 1828; was elected a representative from Vermont in the Twenty-first Congress as a Whig, defeating George E. Wales; was re-elected to the Twenty-second Congress; was re-elected to the Twenty-third Congress on the second trial, receiving 304 majority; was re-elected to the Twenty-fourth Congress, defeating Anderson, Democrat, and Arnold, Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-fifth. Congress, and was re-elected to the Twenty-sixth Congress, re ceiving 5,183 votes against 3,841 votes for Alden Partridge, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress, receiving 2,222 majority, serving from December 7, 1829, to March 3, 1843; died at Windsor, Vermont, January 30, 1851. Everhartt, William, was born at West Chester, Pennsylvania; received an academic education; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-third Congress as a Whig, receiving 7,641 votes against 6,464 votes for Murton, Democrat, and serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855. Evins, John H., resides at Spartanburg, South Carolina, and was elected a representative from that State in the Forty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 21,875 votes against 16,071 votes for Alex ander S. Wallace, Eepublican, serving from October 15,1877. Ewing, Andrew, was born at Nashville, Ten nessee ; received an academic education ; was elected a representative from Tennessee in the Thirty-first Congress as a Democrat, receiving 4,894 votes against 4,816 votes for Cullom, Whig, and serving from De cember 3, 1849, to March 3, 1851. Ewing, Edwin H., was born in Tennessee; received a public-school education ; resided at Nash ville ; was elected a representative from Tennessee in the Twenty-ninth Congress as a Whig, serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1847. Ewing, John, was born at sea while his parents were on their way from Cork to Baltimore, and was taken by them to Indiana ; received a public-school education ; engaged in commercial pursuits at Vin- cennes; was several years a member of the State Senate and House of Eepresentatives ; was elected a representative from Indiana in the Twenty-third Congress, serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1835 ; was again elected to the Twenty-fifth Con gress as a Whig, receiving 5,728 votes against 4,887 votes for John Law, Democrat, and serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1839; was found dead in his room at Vincennes in December, 1857, and on his table was this epitaph, apparently just written, " Here lies a man who loved his friends, His God, hie country, and Vincennes." Ewing, John H., was born at Washington, Pennsylvania; received a public-school education; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-ninth Congress as a Whig, serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1847. Ewing, Presley, was born at Eussellville, Ken tucky ; received a classical education ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar ; travelled in Europe ; was twice elected a member of the State House of Eepre sentatives; was elected a representative from Ken tucky in the Thirty-second Congress as a Whig, receiving 5,887 votes against 5,778 votes for Clarke, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Thirty-third Congress, receiving 5,318 votes against no opposition, serving from December 1, 1851, to September 27, 1854, when he died at the Mammoth Cave, Kentucky, where he had gone for his health. Ewing, Thomas (father of Thomas Ewing), was born near West Liberty, Virginia, December 28, 1789; removed with his father s family to Ohio in 1792; worked on his father s farm and in the Kana- wha Salt Works, earning the money with which he received a classical education at the Athens Acad emy, which conferred on him the degree of A.B. in 1815, the first granted in Ohio ; studied law at Lan caster ; was admitted to the bar in 1816, and practised at Lancaster; was elected a United-States senator from Ohio as a Whig, serving from December 5, 1831, to March 3, 1837 ; was defeated for re-election as the Whig candidate, receiving 52 legislative votes against 54 legislative votes for W. Allen, and 1 blank legisla tive vote ; was appointed secretary by President Har rison, serving from March 5, 1841, to September 13, 1841 ; was appointed secretary of the interior by President Taylor, serving from March 7, 1849, to July 25, 1850; was appointed senator (in place of Thomas Corwin, resigned), serving from July 27, 1850, to March 3, 1851 ; resumed the practice of law ; was a delegate to the Peace Congress of 1861 ; was a delegate to the National Union Convention in 1865, but did not take part in its proceedings ; and died at Lancaster, Ohio, October 26, 1871. Ewing, Thomas (son of Thomas Ewing), was born at Lancaster, Ohio; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Lancaster ; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Forty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 19,628 votes against 14,541 votes for Nash, Eepublican, and serving from Octo ber 15, 1877. Ewing, William L. D., was born in 1795; re ceived an academic education; studied law; was ad mitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Van- dalia; was appointed United-States senator from Illinois (to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Elias Kent Kane, serving from January 25, 1S36, to March 3, 1837 ; was State auditor of Ohio, and died while holding that office, March 25, 1846. Fairfleld, John, was born at Saco, Maine, Jan uary 30, 1797 ; received a public-school education ; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1826, and commenced practice at Saco, Maine ; was appointed in 1832 reporter of the State Supreme Court decis ions ; was elected a representative from Maine in the Twenty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, and was re- elected to the Twenty-fifth Congress, serving from December 7, 1835, to March 3, 1839 ; was governor of Maine 1839-1843; was elected a senator from Maine (in place of Eeuel Williams, resigned); and was re- elected, serving from December 4, 1843, to December 24, 1847, when he died at Washington City, after having had a siirgical operation performed on him, December 24, 1847. Faran, James J., was born in Ohio; received a public-school education; located at Cincinnati; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Twen ty-ninth Congress as a Democrat, and was re-elected to the Thirtieth Congress, serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1849 ; became one of the owners of " The Cincinnati Enquirer." Far lee, Isaac G-., was born in New Jersey; re ceived a public-school education; resided at Flem- ington ; was elected a representative from New Jer sey in the Twenty-eighth Congress, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1845. Farley, E. Wilder, was born in Maine in 1818; received a classical education, graduating at Bowdoin College in 1836; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at New Castle ; was a member of the State House of Eepresentatives 1843. and 1851-1853; was elected a representative from Maine in the Thirty-third Congress as a Whig, re ceiving 5,255 votes against 4,724 votes for Kimball, Democrat, 3,871 votes for Smith, Democrat, and 592 votes for Foster, Free-Soiler, and serving from De cember 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855 ; was defeated as the STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 389 Whig candidate for the Thirty-fourth Congress, re ceiving 3,587 votes against 5,905 votes for Ebenezcr Knowlton, Democrat, and 4,072 votes for J. G. Dick- erson, Democrat; was a State senator in 1856. Farlin, Dudley, of Dudley, New York ; received a public-school education ; was elected a representa tive from New York in the Twenty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 7, 1835, to March 3, 1837 ; and died at Warrensburg, New York, September 26, 1837. Farnsworth, John P., was born at Eaton, Canada East, March 27, 1820; received an academic education; studied and practised law ; was a repre sentative from Illinois in the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Republican, receiving 21,518 votes against 9,814 votes for Van Nortwick, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving 21,797 votes against 13,198 votes for Dyer, Democrat, and 701 votes for Blackburn, anti-Lecompton Democrat, serv ing from December 7, 1857, to March 3, 1801 ; served in the Union army as colonel of cavalry and brigadier- general ; was again elected to the Thirty-eighth Con gress, receiving 12,012 votes against 4,785 votes for Donnelly, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty- ninth Congress, receiving 17,898 votes against 5,237 votes for Merrill C. Johnson, Democrat; was re-elect ed to the Fortieth Congress, receiving 10,185 votes against 3,340 votes for Haines, Democrat; was re- elected to the Forty-first Congress, receiving 20,725 votes against 6,307 votes for Herrington, Democrat, serving from December 7, 1863, to March 3, 1871 ; and was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress as a Republican, receiving 8,306 votes against 2,349 votes for R. D. Bishop, Democrat, and 0,310 votes for J. C. Stoughton, Temperance candidate. Farquhar, John H., was born in Frederick County, Maryland, December 20, 1818; received a public-school education; removed with his father s family to Indiana in 1833; was a civil engineer; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and com menced practice at Brookville; was secretary of the State Senate 1842 and 1843; was chief clerk of the State House of Representatives 1844; was a presi dential elector on the Lincoln and Hamlin ticket in 1800; was appointed by President Lincoln captain in the Nineteenth United-States Infantry in 1861, serv ing until he resigned in 1864; was elected a repre sentative from Indiana in the Thirty-ninth Congress as a Republican, receiving 10,015 votes against 9,949 votes for George Berry, Democrat, and serving from December 4, 1865, to March 3, 1867. Farrelly, John W. (son of Patrick Farrelly), was born at Meadville, Pennsylvania, July 7, 1809; received a public-school education; was a member of the State Senate of Pennsylvania 1828; was a State senator 1838-1841 ; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirtieth Congress as a Whig, serving from December 6, 1847, to March 3, 1849; was appointed sixth auditor of the treasury by President Taylor, serving from November 5, 1849, to April 7, 1853; he died at Washington City. Farrelly, Patrick (father of John W. Farrelly), was born in Ireland in 1760; came to the United States ; received an academic education ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Meadville; was elected a representative from Penn sylvania in the Seventeenth Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Eighteenth Congress, and was re-elected to the Nineteenth Congress, serving from December 3, 1821, to January 12, 1826, when he died at Meadville, Pennsylvania. Farrington, James, was born at Conway, New Hampshire, in October, 1791; received an academic education at PYyeburg Academy, Maine ; studied med icine under Dr. Chandler of Fryeburg, and Dow of Dover; was licensed July 18, 1818, and commenced practice in Rochester, New Hampshire, August 9, 1818 ; was a State representative and State senator, and was elected a representative from New Hampshire in the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, serving from September 4, 1837, until March 3, 1839; he was appointed one of the trustees for the New-Hampshire Insane Asylum in 1845 ; and died at Rochester, New Hampshire, October 29, 1859. Farrow, Samuel, was born in Virginia in 1759; his family removed to South Carolina in 1765, and settled in Spartanburg District ; served in the Revo lutionary war; was wounded in one skirmish, and taken prisoner in another; studied law with Robert Goodloe Harper; was admitted to the bar in 1793, and commenced practice at Spartanburg; was lieu tenant-governor of South Carolina in 1810; was elected a representative from South Carolina in the Thirteenth Congress as a War Democrat, serving from May 24, 1813, to March 2, 1815; and was re- elected to the Fourteenth Congress, but declined to serve ; was a member of the State House of Repre sentatives 181(5-1821 ; and died at Columbia, South Carolina, November 18, 1824. Farwell, Charles B., was born at Painted Post, New York, July 1, 1823; was educated at the Elmira Academy; removed to Illinois in 1838; was employed in government surveying and in farming until 1844, when he engaged in real-estate business and banking in Chicago ; was elected county clerk of Cook Coun ty in 1853, and re-elected in 1857; subsequently en gaged in mercantile pursuits, and is now a member of the firm of John V. Farwell & Co. of Chicago ; was appointed a member of the State Board of Equalization in 1867 ; was chairman of the Board of Supervisors of Cook County in 1808 ; was appointed national-bank examiner in 1809; was elected a rep resentative from Illinois in the Forty-second Congress as a Republican, receiving 20,342 votes against 15,025 votes for John Wentworth, Independent Democrat and Coalition candidate; was re-elected to the Forty- third Congress, receiving 9,202 votes against 4,902 votes for J. V. Le Moyne, Liberal ; and was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Congress as a Republican, receiv ing 8,177 votes against 7,991 votes for J. V. Le Moyne, Democrat, serving from March 4, 1871, to May 6, 1870, when the House decided that J. V. Le Moyne was entitled to the seat. Farwell, Nathan A., was born at Unity, Maine, in 1812; received a public-school education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice at Rockland, Maine ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1800, 1803, and 1864; was a State senator in 1853, 1854, 1861, and 1862, serving the last year as presiding officer; was a dele gate to the National Republican Convention at Bal timore in 1864; was appointed and afterwards elected a United-States senator as a Republican (in place of William Pitt Fessenden, resigned), serving from De cember 5, 1804, to March 3, 1807 ; was a delegate to the Philadelphia Loyalists Convention in 1866. Faulkner, Charles James, was born at Mar- tinsburg, Virginia (afterwards West Virginia), in 1808; graduated at Georgetown University, District of Columbia; attended Chancellor Tucker s law lec tures at Winchester, Virginia; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in 1829 ; was a member of the Virginia House of Representatives in 1831; was commissioner of Virginia on the disputed bound ary between that State and Maryland ; was a mem ber of the State Senate 1841-1844, but resigned in 1842; was appointed a visitor of the Virginia Military Institute in 1846; was elected a member of the Re vising Legislature of Virginia in 1848; was elected a member of the State Constitutional Convention of Virginia in 1850; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Thirty-second, Thirty-third, Thirty- fourth, and Thirty-fifth Congresses, serving from December 1, 1851, until March 3, 1859; was chair man of the resident National Democratic Committee in charge of the presidential canvass of 1856; was appointed by President Buchanan minister to France in 1859; returned to the United States in August, 1861, and was held as a prisoner of state, froir* an apprehension that he would unite his fortunes with 390 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. those of the Southern Confederacy; was exchanged in December, 1801, for Alfred Ely, member of the United-States House of Representatives from New York, then a prisoner in Richmond; entered the Confederate army as a member of General Stone wall Jackson s staff, and served urftil the death of that officer; was elected in 1870 president of the Martinsburg and Potomac Railroad, and in 1871 president of the Berkeley-county Agricultural So ciety; was a member of the State Constitutional Convention of West Virginia in 1872; was appointed a regent of the West- Virginia University in 1873; and was elected a representative from West Virginia in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiv ing 11,500 votes against 8,064 votes for Alexander II. Boteler, Independent, serving from December 6, 1875, to March 3, 1877. Fay, Francis B., was born at Southborough, Massachusetts, June 12, 1703 ; received a public-school education; engaged in mercantile pursuits; was a deputy-sheriff of Worcester County 1824-1830; was a member of the Massachusetts General Court 1830- 1831 ; removed in 1831 to Chelsea, which he represented in the Massachusetts General Court in 1834-1836 and 1840 ; was a member of the Massachusetts Senate in 1S43 and 1845 ; was elected a representative from Mas sachusetts in the Thirty-second Congress as a Whig (to fill the vacancy occasioned by the death of Robert Rantoul), receiving 191 plurality, and serving from December 29, 1852, until March 3, 1853; was mayor of Chelsea in 1857 ; removed in 1858 to South Lan caster, that he might be near the State Reform School, of which he was a founder; was a member of the Massachusetts Senate in 18G8; and died at South Lancaster, of paralysis, October 0, 1876. Fay, John, was born in Worcester County, Mas sachusetts; received a public-school education; re moved to Montgomery County, New York; held several local offices; was elected a representative from New York in the Sixteenth Congress, serving from December 6, 1819, to March 3, 1821. Fearing, Paul, was born at Wareham, Massa chusetts, February 28, 1762; received a classical education, graduating at Harvard College in 1785; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised; was elected a delegate from the North-west Territory in the Seventh Congress, serving from December 7, 1801, to March 3, 1803. Featherston, W. S., was born in Tennessee; received an academic education ; located at Houston, Mississippi; was elected a representative from that State iii the Thirtieth Congress as a Democrat, re ceiving 6,433 votes against 5,587 votes for McClung, Whig; and was re-elected to the Thirty-first Con gress, receiving 7,237 votes against 6,179 votes for Harris, Whig, serving from December 6, 1847, to March 3, 1851; entered the Confederate army; was appointed, March 6, 1862, brigadier-general, and as signed to a brigade composed of the Twelfth, Six teenth, Nineteenth, and Forty-eighth Mississippi Infantry and Smith s Light Battery; and was killed in action near Atlanta, Georgia, July 20, 1864. Felch, Alpheus, was born at Limerick, Maine, September 28, 1806; received a classical education, graduating at Bowdoin College; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Ann Arbor, Michigan; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1836 and 1837; was appointed bank commissioner in 1838, resigning in 1839; was elected auditor-general in 1842, but resigned to accept the position of judge of the State Supreme Court; was governor of Michigan 1845-1847; was elected a United-States senator from Michigan as a Democrat, serving from December 6, 1847, to March 3, 1853; was a commissioner for the settlement of California land claims under the treaty of Giiadalupe Hidalgo, serving from March, 1853, until March, 1856; was a delegate to the National Democratic Convention at Chicago in 1864. Felder, John M., was born in Orangeburg District, South Carolina, July 7, 1782; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1804 in the class with John C. Calhoun and Bishop Gadsden; studied law at the law school of Judge Gould at Litchfield, Connecticut, and, returning to South Carolina, was admitted to the bar at Columbia in 1808 ; commenced practice at Orangeburg ; was a member of the State House of Representatives, with the exception of a few years, 1810-1830 ; was a major of volunteers in the war of 1812 ; was elected a rep resentative from South Carolina in the Twenty- second Congress as a Democrat, defeating W. C. Preston, Whig; and was re-elected to the Twenty- third Congress, serving from December 5, 1831, to March 3, 1835; declined a re-election, but did not resume practice ; was elected a State senator in 1840, and was successively re-elected until he died of bilious colic, suddenly and unknown, in a hut by the roadside at Union Point, Georgia, September 1, 1851. Fell, John, was born in New Jersey ; received a public-school education, and was a delegate from New Jersey in the Continental Congress 1778-1780. Felton, William H., was born in Oglethorpe County, Georgia, June 19, 1823; graduated at the University of Georgia at Athens in August, 1843; graduated at the Medical College of Georgia at Augusta in March, 1844; became a farmer by pro fession and practice; was a member of the State House of Representatives of Georgia from Cass (now Bartow) County in 1851 ; and was elected a representative from Georgia in the Forty-fourth Con gress as an Independent Democrat, receiving 7,587 votes against 7,505 votes for W. H. Dabney, Demo crat, and 197 votes for N. P. Harden, Republican; and was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, re ceiving 13,269 votes against 10,807 votes for W. H. Dabney, Democrat, serving from December 6, 1875. Fenn, Stephen S., was born at Watertown, Connecticut, March 28, 1820; his parents removed to Niagara County, New York, in 1824, where he re ceived a common-school education; removed to Jackson County, Iowa, in 1841, and there held sev eral county offices; in 1850 removed to California, and engaged in mining, merchandising, and ranch ing; again removed in 1862 to that part of Washing ton Territory which became a part of the Territory of Idaho upon its organization in 1863; there mined, and practised law; was elected a member of the Legislative Council in 1864, and re-elected in 1865; was elected district-attorney for the First Judicial District in 18G9 ; was again elected a member of the Legislative Assembly in 1872, and served as speaker of the House of Representatives; engaged in agri cultural pursuits ; was elected a delegate from Idaho Territory in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Demo crat, receiving 2,690 votes against 2,333 votes for Thomas W. Bennett, Republican ; and was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, serving from June 23, 1876. Fenner, James, was born at Providence, Rhode Island, in 1771; received a classical education, grad uating at Brown University in 1789 ; was for several years a member of the State House of Representa tives; was elected a United-States senator from Rhode Island, serving from December 2, 1805, to 1807, when he resigned, having been elected governor of Rhode Island, which office he filled 1807-1811, 1824- 1831, and 1843-1845; was a presidential elector in 1821 and 1837 ; was a delegate to the State Constitu tional Convention of 1842, and its president; died at Providence, Rhode Island, April 17, 1846. Fenton, Reuben E., was born at Carroll, Chau- tauqua County, New York, July 1, 1819; received an academic education ; studied law, but engaged in mercantile pursuits; was elected supervisor of Car roll in 1843; was governor of the State of New York in 1865-1866 and 1867-1868 ; was elected a representa tive from New York in the Thirty-third Congress, receiving 8,717 votes against 8,661 votes for Crocker, Whig, and 486 votes for Plummer, Free-Soiler, serving STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 391 from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855 ; was re- elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving 12,040 votes against 3,43(5 votes for Allen, Democrat, and 3,251 votes for Edwards, American ; was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving 10,018 votes against 4,711 votes for Jenks, Democrat, and 1,886 votes for Johnson, American ; was re-elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress, receiving 14,303 votes against 7,111 votes for Lee, Democrat; and was re- elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, receiving 11,950 votes against 6,982 votes for Caldwell, Demo crat, serving from December 7, 1857, to December 10, 1834, when he resigned, having been elected govern or of New York; was elected a senator from New York, serving from March 4, 1869, to March 3, 1875. Ferguson, Fenner, was born in Rensselaer County, New York, April 25, 1814; received an aca demic education ; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Albany, New York; removed to Michigan, where he was a member of the State legislature ; was appointed by President Pierce chief justice of Nebraska in 1854; was elected a dele gate from Nebraska Territory in the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 1,654 votes against 1,607 votes for Bird B. Chapman, Democrat, 1,386 votes for Thayer, Eepublican, and 1,306 votes for Rankin, Democrat, serving from December 7, 1857, to March 3, 1859. Ferris, Charles G-., was born in New- York City; received an academic education; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-third Congress (in place of Dudley Selden, resigned) as a Jackson Democrat, serving from December 1, 1834, to March 3, 1835 ; was again elected to the Twenty- seventh Congress, receiving 21,974 votes against 20,862 votes for James Monroe", Whig, serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1843. Ferriss, Orange, was born at Glenn s Falls, New York, November 26, 1814; was educated at the Uni versity of Vermont; studied and practised law; was surrogate of Warren County from 1841 until 1845; was judge of Warren County from 1851 iintil 1863; was elected a representative from New York in the Fortieth Congress as a Republican, receiving 9,341 votes against 7,412 votes for Iloyle, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress, receiving 10,428 votes against 6,284 votes for Wallace, Demo crat, serving from March 4, 1867, to March 3, 1871 ; was appointed by General Grant a member of the Southern Claims Commission. Ferry, Orris Sanford, was born at Bethel, Connecticut, August 15, 1823; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1844; stud ied law; was admitted to the bar in 1846, and com menced practice at Norwalk; was appointed judge of probate in 1849; was a member of the State Senate in 1855 and 1856; was State s attorney for Fairiield County 1856-1859; was defeated as the Republican candidate for the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving 8,387 votes against 8,403 votes for W. D. Bishop, Democrat; was elected a representative from Con necticut in the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Republican, receiving 11,533 votes against 10,966 votes for W. D. Bishop, Democrat, and serving from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 1861 ; was defeated as the Repub lican candidate for the Thirty-seventh Congress, re ceiving 11,668 votes against 11,739 votes for George C. Woodruff, Democrat ; entered the Union army in July, 1861, as colonel of the Fifth Connecticut Vol unteers; was promoted brigadier-general March 17, 1862, and served until the close of the war; was elected United-States senator from Connecticut as a Republican (to succeed Lafayette S. Foster, Repub lican) ; and was re-elected by a combination of Inde pendent Republicans and Democrats, serving from March 4, 18(57, to his death, caused by a softening of the spinal marrow, at Norwalk, Connecticut, No vember 21, 1875. Ferry, Thomas "W., was born at Mackinae, Michigan, June 1, 1827; received a public-school education; has been engaged in business pursuits; was a member of the House of Representatives of Michigan in 1850; was a member of the State Senate in 1856 ; was vice-president for Michigan in the Chi cago Republican Convention of 1860; was appointed in 1864 to represent Michigan on the Board of Man agers of the Gettysburg Soldiers National Cemetery, and was re-appointed in 1867; was elected a repre sentative from Michigan in the Thirty-ninth Congress as a Republican, receiving 13,426 votes against 9,355 votes for Frederick Hall, Democrat; was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, receiving 15,306 votes against 8,154 votes for Hutchins, Democrat; was re- elected to the Forty-first Congress, receiving 23,043 votes against 13,714 votes for Mason, Democrat, serv ing from December 4, 1865, to March 3, 1871; was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress, but did not take his seat, having subsequently been elected to the United-States Senate to succeed Jacob M. Howard, Republican; he took his seat in the Senate March 4, 1871 ; was chosen president pro tempore March 9 and 19, 1875, and again December 20, 1875 ; and was re-elected for six years from March 3, 1877. Fessenden, Samuel C., was born at New Gloucester, Maine, March 7, 1815; received a classical education, graduating at Bowdoin College in 1834; completed his studies at the Bangor Theological Seminary in 1837 ; was pastor of the Second Congrega tional Church at Thomaston (afterwards Rockland), Maine, 1838-1856; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in 1838; was elected judge of the Rockland Municipal Court; was elected a representative from Maine in the Thirty-seventh Congress as a Republican, receiving 10,062 votes against 9,090 votes for Johnson, Democrat, and serv ing from July 4, 1831, to March 3, 1863 ; was appointed one of the examiners in the Patent Office in 1865. Fessenden, T. A. D., was born at Portland, Maine, January 23, 1826; received a classical educa tion, graduating at Bowdoin College in 1845; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice at Lewiston, Maine; was a delegate to the National Republican Convention in 1856; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1860; was prosecuting - attorney for Androscoggin County 1861-1862; was elected a representative from Maine in the Thirty-seventh Congress (in place of Charles W. Walton, resigned) as a Republican, serv ing from December 1, 1862, to March 3, 1863; died at Lewiston, Maine, September 28, 1868. Fessenden, William Pitt, was born at Bos- cawen, New Hampshire, October 16, 1806; received a classical education, graduating at Bowdoin College in 1823; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1827, and commenced practice at Bridgewater, but soon afterwards removed to Portland, Maine ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1832 and 1840; was elected a representative from Maine in the Twenty-seventh Congress as a Whig, receiving 200 majority over Albert Smith, Democrat, and serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1843; declined being a candidate for re-election; was again a member of the State House of Representatives in 1845 and 1846 ; was defeated as a Whig candidate for the Thirty-second Congress, receiving 5,905 votes against 5,945 votes for John Appleton, Democrat; was again a member of the State House of Repre sentatives in 1853 and 1854; was elected United- States senator from Maine as a Whig (to succeed J. W. Bradbury, Democrat) ; and was re-elected as a Republican, serving from February 23, 1854, until he resigned in July, 1864; was appointed by President Lincoln secretary of the treasury, serving from July 1, 1864, to March 3, 1865; was again elected United- States senator, serving from March 4, 1865, to his death, at Portland, Maine, September 8, 1869. Few, W^illiam, was born near Baltimore, Mary land, June 8, 1748; removed with his family to North Carolina in 1758; received an academic education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and com 392 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. menced practice at Augusta, Georgia; served in the Revolutionary war as colonel, and distinguished him self in several skirmishes with the British and Indi ans; was presiding judge of the Richmond -county Court, and surveyor-general in 1778; was a delegate from Georgia to the Continental Congress 1780-1782 and 1785-1788; was a delegate to the convention which framed the Federal Constitution in 1787; was elected a United-States senator from Georgia, serv ing from March 4, 1789, to March 2, 1793; was a judge of the Circuit Court of Georgia 1794-1797; re moved to New-York City in July, 1799 ; was a mem ber of the New- York State House of Representatives 1802-1805; was United-States commissioner of loans; and died at Fishkill, New York, July 16, 1828. Ficklin, Orlando B., was born in Kentucky in 1808; received a thorough English education; studied law; graduated at the Transylvania Law School ; was admitted to the bar in 1830, and com menced practice at Mount Carmel, Illinois; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1835, 1838, and 1842; was elected a representative from Illinois in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 6,425 votes against 5,528 votes for Harlan, Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty- ninth Congress, and was re-elected to the Thirtieth Congress, receiving 6,473 votes against 4,780 votes for McLaughlin, Independent, and 36 votes for Scott, Abolitionist, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1849; was again elected to the Thirty-second Con gress, receiving 7,429 votes against 5,739 votes for Ryan, Whig, and serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1853; was a presidential elector on the Buchanan and Breckinridge ticket in 1856; and be came interested in farming as well as in his pro fession. Field, A. P., claimed to have been legally elected a representative from Louisiana in the Thir ty-eighth Congress as a Republican, but the com mittee on elections reported adversely; he returned to New Orleans, had a new election held, and re turned with a certificate that he had received 1,377 votes against 1,023 votes for A. P. Dostie ; a majority of ths committee on elections reported that he was entitled to a seat; but such was the opposition, that no vote was taken on the resolution, although on the last day of the session he was voted $2,000 for com pensation, mileage, and expenses. Field, Moses "W., was born at Watertown, Jefferson County, New York, February 10, 1828; re ceived a public-school education; worked upon a farm; removed to Michigan, and embarked in mer cantile and agricultural pursuits; has been a mer chant in the city of Detroit for twenty-five years, and also interested in manufactures and real estate ; was elected (without opposition) alderman, and served two terms; was elected chairman of the Board of School Inspectors of Hamtramc ; and was elected a representative from Michigan in the Forty-third Congress as a Republican, receiving 11,863 votes against 9,843 votes for Bagg, Grecley Democrat, and 195 votes for Lester H. Brown, *" straight " Dem ocrat, serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, Field, Richard S., was born in New Jersey; received an academic education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Princeton ; was appointed a senator from New Jer sey (in place of John R. Thompson, deceased), serv ing from December 1, 1862, to March 3, 1863; was appointed by President Lincoln judge of the United- States District Court for the District of New Jersey; and died at Princeton, New Jersey, May 25, 1870. Field, Walbridge Abner, was born at Spring field, Vermont, April 26, 1833; received a classical education, graduating at Dartmouth College in 1855 ; studied law at Boston and at the Harvard Law School, and was admitted to the bar at Boston in 1860 ; was appointed assistant attorney of the United States for Massachusetts in 1865, and held the office until April, 1869, when he was appointed assistant attorney-general of the United States, and held this office until August, 1870, when he resigned, and re turned to the practice of law in Boston ; he received the official certificate that he had been elected a rep resentative from Massachusetts in the Forty-fifth Congress as a Republican, receiving 9,320 votes against 9,315 votes for Benjamin Dean, Democrat, and took his seat, but the House gave it to Mr. Dean; he thus served from October 15, 1877, to March 28, 1878. Fields, William C., was born at New-York City February 13, 1804; received a public-school education ; went to Laurens, where he was justice of the peace for sixteen years, and subsequently super visor; was county clerk of Otsego County for three years ; was elected a representative from New York in the Fortieth Congress as a Republican, receiving 17,277 votes against 13,621 votes for Johnson, Demo crat, serving from March 4, 1867, to March 3, 1869. Fillmore, Millard, was born at Sumner Hill, Cayuga County, New York, January 7, 1800; received a public-school education ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar in 1823, and commenced practice at Aurora, New York ; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1829-1831 ; was elected a representa tive from New York in the Twenty-third Congress as a Whig, serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1835 ; was again elected to the Twenty-fifth Con gress ; was re-elected to the Twenty-sixth Congress, receiving 5,014 votes against 2,831 votes for G. P. Barker, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Twenty- seventh Congress, receiving 6,682 votes against 3,742 votes for L. J. Roberts, Democrat, serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1843 ; declined a renomination ; was defeated as the Whig candidate for governor in 1844; was elected State comptroller in 1847; was elected Vice-President on the Whig ticket headed by Z. Taylor in 1848, receiving 136 electoral votes against 127 electoral votes for W. O. Butler; became President of the United States after the death of President Taylor, serving from July 9, 1850, to March 3, 1853 ; travelled in Europe ; was de feated as the National-American candidate for Presi dent in 1856, receiving 8 electoral votes against 173 electoral votes for James Buchanan, and 114 elect oral votes for John C. Fremont; was president of the Buffalo Historical Society, and commanded a corps of home guard during the war of the Rebellion ; was stricken with paralysis February 13, 1874, and died at Buffalo, New York, March 8, 1874. Finch, Isaac, was born in the State of New York ; received a public-school education ; resided at Jay, Essex County; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-first Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 7, 1S29, to March 3, 1831. Findlay, James (brother of John Findlay and William Findlay), was born at Mercersburg, Penn sylvania, 1775; received a public-school education; removed to Cincinnati, Ohio; was a member of the Territorial Legislative Council, and afterwards of the State House of Representatives; served in the war with Great Britain in 1812 as colonel of the Second Ohio Volunteer Infantry; was United-States receiver of public moneys at Cincinnati ; was elect ed a representative from Ohio in the Nineteenth Congress as a Jackson Democrat; was re-elected to the Twentieth Congress, receiving 500 plurality ; was re-elected to the Twenty-first Congress, receiving 2,500 majority over John Woods, an ti- Jackson; and was re-elected to the Twenty-second Congress, serv ing from December 5, 1825, to March 2, 1833; was de feated as the Jackson Democratic candidate fo r governor of Ohio in 1834 by Robert Lucas; and died at Cincinnati, Ohio, December 28, 1835. Findlay, John (brother of James Findlay and William Findlay), was bom at Mercersburg, Pennsyl vania; received a public-school education ; located at Chambersburg, Pennsylvania; was elected a repre- STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 393 from Pennsylvania in the Seventeenth served in the Union army for the suppression of the re-elected to theEigh- Rebellion; was elected to the Missouri legislature as sentative Congress as a Democrat ; was teenth Congress, aiid was re-elected to the Nine teenth Congress, serving from December 3, 1821, to March 3, 1827; was appointed postmaster at Cham- bersburg, Pennsylvania, and held the office at the time of his death, November 5, 1838. Findlay, William (brother of James Findlay and John Findlaj), was born at Mercersburg, Penn sylvania, June 20, 1768; received a public-school education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Franklinton, Pennsylvania; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1797 and 1803; was State treasurer 1807-1817; was governor of Pennsylvania 1817-1820; was elected a United-States senator from Pennsylvania as a Demo crat, serving from December 3, 1821, to March 3, 1827; was treasurer of the United-States Mint 1827- 1840; and died at Harrisburg November 12, 1846. Findley, William, was born in Ireland Janu ary 11, 1751; received a parish-school education; came to the United States, and located at Phila delphia; served in the Revolutionary war; removed to Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania; was a mem ber of the State legislature, and a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention ; was elected a repre sentative from Pennsylvania in the Second Congress as a Democrat, and was re-elected to the Third, Fourth, and Fifth Congresses, serving from October 24, 1791, to March 3, 1799; was again elected to the Eighth, Ninth, Tenth, Eleventh, Twelfth, Thir teenth, and Fourteenth Congresses, serving from Oc tober 17, 1803, to March 3, 1817; he died near Greensburg, Pennsylvania, April 7, 1821. He pub lished a "Review of the Funding System " 1794, a "History of the Insurrection in Western Pennsyl vania" 1796, and several political pamphlets. Pine, John, was born in New York August 26, 1784; received a classical education, graduating at Columbia College, New York, in 1809; studied law at the Litchfield Law School; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Ogdensburg, New York; was first judge of the Court of Common Pleas for St. Lawrence County from November 21, 1824, to April 18, 1838; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-sixth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 4,756 votes against 4,663 votes for H. Van Rensselaer, Whig, and serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1841 ; was again first judge of the Court of Common Pleas from February 16, 1843, un til the court was abolished by a change of the State constitution June, 1847; was a State, senator in 1848; and died at Ogdensburg, New York, January 4, 1867. Published a volume of law lectures. Fink, William B., was born at Somerset, Ohio, September 1, 1822; received a public-school educa tion ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar in Sep tember, 1843; practised at Somerset, Ohio; was a State senator in 1851 ; was a delegate to the National Whig Convention which nominated Scott and Gra ham in 1852 ; was again a State senator in 1861 ; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirty- eighth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 13,721 votes against 8,087 votes for Trimble, Republican; and was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, re ceiving 12,965 votes against 11,349 votes for Job E. Stevenson, Republican, serving from December 7, 1863, to March 3, 1867; was defeated as the Demo cratic candidate for judge of the Supreme Court of Ohio in 1868; was again elected to the Forty-third Congress (in place of Hugh J. Jewett, resigned) as a Democrat, receiving 14,090 votes against 9,301 votes for David C. Taylor, Republican, and serving from December 7, 1874, to March 3, 1875. Finkelnburg, Gustavus A., was born near Cologne, Prussia, April 6, 1837; immigrated to Mis souri with his family in 1848; received an academic education at St. Charles College, Missouri; graduated in the law department of Ohio University at Cincin nati ; was admitted to the bar at St. Louis in 1860 ; a radical in 1864; re-elected in 1866, and chosen speakerpro tempore; was elected a representative from Missouri in the Forty-first Congress as a Republican, receiving 11,506 votes against 8,280 votes for Lind- ley, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Forty- second Congress, receiving 12,708 votes against 1,350 votes for A. Van Wormer, Republican, serving from March 4, 1869, to March 3, 1873. Finley, E. B., resides atBucyrus, Ohio, and was elected a representative from that State in the Forty- fifth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 16,654 votes against 11,067 votes for Grosse, and serving from October 15, 1877. Finley, Jesse J., was horn in Wilson County, Tennessee, November 18, 1812; received an academic education; was a captain of mounted volunteers in the Seminole war of 1836; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1838, and located in Mississippi County, Arkansas, in 1840; was elected to the State Senate of Arkansas in 1841 ; removed to Memphis, Tennessee, in 1842; resumed the practice of law, and was elected mayor of Memphis in 1845; removed to Mariana, Florida, in November, 1846, and resumed the prac tice of law; was elected to the State Seriate of Florida in 1850; was elected a presidental elector on the Whig ticket in 1852; was appointed judge of the Western Circuit of Florida in 1853, and was elected to the same office in 1855, and again in 1859 ; was ap pointed judge of the Confederate-States Court for the District of Florida in 1861 ; resigned, and volun teered as a private in the anny of the Confederate States in March, 1862, and was successively pro moted to the rank of captain, colonel, and brigadier- general; located at Lake City, Florida, in 1865, and resumed the practice of law; removed to Jackson ville, Florida, in 1871, and continued practice there; and was elected a representative from Florida in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Conservative Democrat, receiving 8,147 votes against 7,804 votes for J. T. Walls, Republican; claimed a re-election to the Forty-fifth Congress against Bisbee, Republican, serv- ingfrom April 19, 1876. Finney, Darwin A., was born at Shrewsbury, Vermont, August 11, 1814; removed with his family to Meadville, Pennsylvania, when a lad; received a classical education, graduating at the Meadville Col lege; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and prac tised at Meadville; was twice elected to the State House of Representatives, and once to the State Senate ; was elected a representative from Pennsyl vania in the Fortieth Congress as a Republican, receiving 17,106 votes against 15,222 votes for McCalmont, Democrat, and served from March 4, 1867, until his death, while travelling in Europe, August 25, 1868. Fish, Hamilton, was born at New- York City Augusts, 1808; received a classical education, grad uating at Columbia College in 1827 ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar in 1830, and practised in New York; was commissioner of deeds for the city and county of New York; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Whig, receiving 5,904 votes against 5,699 votes for McKeon, Democrat, and serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1845; was State senator in 1847; was governor of New York 1848-1850; was elect ed a senator from New York, serving from De cember 1, 1851, to March 3, 1857; was one of a board of commissioners for the relief of Union prisoners of war at the South ; travelled in Europe ; was ap pointed by General Grant secretary of state, serving from March 11, 1869, to March 3, 1877; was a mem ber of the Joint High Commission which settled the differences between the United States and Great Britain, and negotiated the Treaty of Washington in 1871; was president of the New- York Historical Society, and president-general of the Society of the Cincinnati. 394 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Fisher, Charles, was born in Rowan County, North Carolina, October 20, 1789; was educated by private tutors at Poplar Tent and at Raleigh; studied law; was admitted to the bar, but never practised to any extent; was a State senator in 1818; was elected to the Fifteenth Congress (in the place of George Mumford, deceased) as a Democrat by a majority of 305 votes over Dr. W. Jones, and was re- elected to the Sixteenth Congress by a large majority over John Long, serving from February 11, 1819, until March 3, 1821, when he declined re-election; was a member of the House of Commons of North Carolina in 1821, 1822, 1823, 1820, 1827, 1828, 1829, 1830, 1831, 1833, and 1836; was a member of the Constitutional Convention of 1835; was elected a representative in the Twenty-sixth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 3,553 votes against 3,370 votes for Dr. P. Henderson, Whig, serving from December 2, 1839, until March 3, 1841 ; was again nominated for Congress in 1845 as a Democrat, but was defeated, receiving 5,342 votes against 5,308 votes for the in cumbent, D. M. Barringer, Whig; declined the Democratic nomination for governor of North Carolina in 1840; and died, while travelling at the South-West, at Hillsborough, Mississippi, May 7, 1849. Fisher, David, was born in Somerset County, Pennsylvania, December 3, 1794; removed to Ohio, where he was reared as a farmer, receiving a scanty backwoods education; was a lay-preacher and a newspaper contributor; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1842; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirtieth Congress as a Wing, serving from December 0, 1847, to March 3, 1849. Fisher, George, was born in Oswego County, New York; received a public-school education; claimed to have been elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-first Congress, but the election was successfully contested by Silas Wright, jun., to whom the House awarded the seat December 15, 1829 ; but he refused to take it, and a new election was held, which resulted in the choice of Jonah Sanford. Fisher, George P., was born at Milford, Dela ware, October 13, 1817; received a classical educa tion, graduating at Dickinson College in 1838; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1841, and practised at Dover, Delaware ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1843 and 1844; was secretary of state of Delaware in 184(5; was confidential clerk of Secretary Clayton in the Depart ment of State at Washington in 1849; was appointed by President Taylor a commissioner to adjudicate claims against Brazil 1850-1852; was attorney- general of the State of Delaware 1857-1800; was elected a representative from Delaware in the Thirty- seventh Congress as a Union Republican, receiving 7,732 votes against 7,475 votes for Biggs, Breckinridge Democrat, and 701 votes for Reed, Douglas Demo crat, and serving from July 4, 1801, to March 4, 1803; was defeated as the Union-Republican candidate for the Thirty-eighth Congress, receiving 8,014 votes against 8,015 votes for Temple, Democrat; was ap pointed by President Lincoln a judge of the District Supreme Court, which position he resigned when appointed district-attorney for the District of Colum bia, from which lie was removed in 1875. Fisher, John, was born at Londonderry, New Hampshire, March 13, 1800; was reared on his father s farm, and subsequently engaged in mer cantile pursuits; spent about twenty-one years in Hamilton, Canada, where he had charge of an iron manufacturing establishment, and where he was a member of the city council, and subsequently mayor; returned to New York in 1856, and settled at Batavia; was subsequently engaged as a State commissioner in erecting the buildings for the New-York State Institution for the Blind in Batavia; was the presi dent of a fire-insurance company ; and was elected a representative from New York in the Forty-first Congress as a Republican, receiving 13,432 votes against 10,294 votes for Jackson, Democrat, serving from March 4, 1809, to March 3, 1871. Fisk, James, was born in Vermont in 1702; received a public-school education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Swanton, Vermont; was elected a representative from Vermont in the Ninth Congress as a Democrat, and was re-elected to the Tenth Congress, serving from December 2, 1805, to March 3, 1809 ; was again elected to the Twelfth Congress, receiving 719 majority; and was re-elected to the Thirteenth Congress, serving from November 4, 1811, to March 2, 1815; was appointed United-States judge for the Territory of Indiana in 1812, but declined; was a judge of the Supreme Court of Vermont 1815-1810; was elected a senator from Vermont (in place of Dudley Chace, resigned), serving from December 1, 1817, to April 20, 1818, when he resigned; was col lector of customs for the District of Vermont 1818- 1826; died at Swanton, Vermont, December 1, 1844. Fisk, Jonathan, was born at Newburg, New York; received a public-school education; was elected a representative from New York in the Eleventh Congress as a Democrat, serving from May 22, 1809, to March 3, 1811; was again elected to the Thirteenth Congress, and re-elected to the Four teenth Congress, serving from May 24, 1813, to June, 1815, when he resigned, before having taken his seat, to accept the position of United-States attorney for the Southern District of New York. Fitch, Asa, resided at Salem, Washington County, New York; and was elected a representa tive from that State in the Twelfth Congress as a Federalist by an average majority of 342 votes, serv ing from November 4, 1811, to March 3, 1813. Fitch, Graham N., was born at Le Roy, New York, December 7, 1810; received a classical educa tion; studied medicine, and practised at Logansport, Indiana; was a professor in the Rush Medical College at Chicago 1844-1849; was an Indiana presidential elector in 1844, 1848, and 1850 ; was a member of the State legislature in 1830 and 1839 ; was elected a rep resentative from Indiana in the Thirty-first Congress as a Democrat, receiving 8,800 votes against 8,519 votes for Williamson Wright, Whig; and was re- elected to the Thirty-second Congress, receiving 9,350 votes against 9,118 votes for Colfax, Whig, serving from December 3, 1849, to Marcli 3, 1853; was elected a senator from Indiana, serving from February 9, 1857, to March 3, 1801 ; was a delegate to the National Democratic Convention at New York in 1808. Fitch, Thomas, was born in New-York City January 27, 1838; received a public-school education; went to Milwaukee in 1855, and engaged as clerk was local editor of " The Milwaukee Free Democrat - in 1859-1800; went to California in 1800; edited " The San Francisco Times" and " Placerville Repub lican;" studied law; was amemberof the California Assembly in 1802-1863; went to Nevada in June, 1803; was reporter of the Territorial Supreme Court in 1803; was elected a member of the convention which framed the State constitution in 1804; was the Union nominee for Territorial delegate to Con gress in 1804; was district-attorney of Washoe County in 1865 and I860; was elected a representa tive from Nevada in the Forty-first Congress as a Republican, receiving about 10,000 votes against about 8,000 votes for Anderson, Democrat, serving from March 4, 1809, to March 3, 1871. Fite, Samuel M., was elected, December 31, 1834, a representative from Tennessee in the Forty- fourth Congress as a Democrat (to fill the vacancy caused by the death of John W. Head) ; but he also died before taking his seat, at the Hot Springs of Arkansas, October 23, 1875. Fitzgerald, Thomas, received an academic education; served under General Harrison in tuo STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 395 war of 1812 against Great Britain; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at St. Joseph, Michigan; was appointed a senator from Michigan (in place of Lewis Cass, resigned), serving from June 20, 1848, to March 3, 1849; died at Niles, Michigan, March 25, 1855. Fitzgerald, William, was born in Tennessee; received a thorough English education ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Dresden, Tennessee; was elected a representative from Tennessee in the Twenty-second Congress as a Jackson Democrat, receiving 4,630 votes against 3,410 votes for David Crockett, Whig, and serving from December 5, 1831, to March 2, 1833; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Twenty-third Congress by David Crockett, who had 164 majority. Fitzhugh, "William, was born at "Boscobel," Stafford County, Virginia, in 1726; received a classi- - cal education from private tutors ; was a delegate from Virginia to the Continental Congress 1779-1780; and died July 6, 1809. Fitzpatrick, Benjamin, was born in Greene County, Georgia, June 30, 1802; left an orphan, he was taken by his elder brother to Alabama in 1815 ; received a public-school education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1821, and practised until 1829, when he devoted himself to planting; was governor of Alabama 1845-1855; was appointed a United-States senator from Alabama as a State- rights Democrat (in place of Dixon H. Lewis, de ceased), serving from December 11, 1848, to March 3, 1849; was again appointed a United-States senator (in place of William R. King, resigned), and was subsequently elected by the legislature, serving from January 20, 1853, to January 21, 1861, when he re tired from the Senate, of which he had several times been president pro temporc; was an earnest sup porter of the Southern Confederacy ; was a delegate to the National Union Convention at Philadelphia in 1866; and died on his plantation, near Wetunipka, Alabama, November 21, 1869. Fitzsimons, Thomas, was born in Belfast, Ireland, in 1741 ; received a Latin-school education ; emigrated to the United States, and entered the counting-house of George Meade & Co. at Phila delphia as clerk; commanded a company of volun teer home guard during the Revolutionary war; was several years a member of the State House of Rep resentatives; was a delegate from Pennsylvania to the Continental Congress in 1782-1783, and to the United-States Constitutional Convention in 1787; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the First Congress; was re-elected to the Second Congress, and was re-elected to the Third Congress, serving from March 4, 1789, to March 3, 1795; held several local offices; and died at Philadelphia in August, 1811. Flagler, Thomas T., resided at Lockport, Niagara County, New York; held several local offices ; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-third Congress as a Whig, receiving 5,858 votes against 5,508 votes for Woods, Democrat, and 1,358 votes for Murphy, Free-Soiler; and was re- elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress, receiving 7,190 votes against 1,231 votes for Baker, Democrat, and 962 votes for Chase, Democrat, serving from Decem ber 5, 1853, to March 3, 1857 ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1860. Flanagan, J. W., was born in Albemarle, Vir ginia, Septembers, 1805; received a common-school education ; removed in 1816 to Kentucky, where he engaged in mercantile pursuits, and was a justice of the peace for twelve years; removed in 1843 to Texas, where he studied law, and entered upon its practice, planting cotton also; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1851 and 1852, and of the State Senate in 1855 and 1856; was State elector on the Fillmore ticket in 1857 ; was a member of the State Constitutional Convention of 1866 and 1868; was elected by the convention as representative to Congress for the State at large in 1869; was elected lieutenant-governor in 1869; was elected United- States senator from Texas as a Republican on the reconstruction of Texas, and served from March 31, 1870, to March 3, 1875. Flanders, Alvin, was born at Hopkinton, New- Hampshire, August 2, 1825; received a public-school education; learned the machinist s trade in Boston; removed to California in 1851, and was there engaged in the lumber business until 1858; was one of the projectors and proprietors of "The San Francisco Daily Times;" was a member of the State legisla ture in 1861; was appointed register of the Hum- boldt land-office ; removed to Washington Territory, and engaged in business there ; was elected a dele gate from Washington Territory as a Republican, receiving 2,368 votes against 2,272 votes for Clark, Democrat, serving from March 4, 1867, to March 3, 1869; was appointed by President Grant governor of Washington Territory, and served one year. Flanders, Benjamin F., was born at Bristol, New Hampshire, January 26, 1816; received a clas sical education, graduating at Dartmouth College in 1842; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at New Orleans; edited "The New -Orleans Tropic;" was superintendelit of a school; took an active part in reconstruction; was elected a representative from Louisiana in the Thir ty-seventh Congress as a Unionist, receiving 2,330 votes against 157 votes for Bouligny, Unionist, and serving from February 23, 1863, to March 3, 1863; was military governor of Louisiana 1867-1SGS. Flemming, William, was born in Virginia, and represented that State in the Continental Congress 1779-1781. Fletcher, Isaac, was born in Vermont ; received a classical education; was a member of the State House of Representatives; was elected a representa tive from Vermont in the Twenty-fifth Congress as an anti-Masonic Democrat, defeating Henry "F. Janes, Whig ; was re-elected to the Twenty-sixth Congress by 370 majority, serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1841 ; was defeated as a candidate for re election by John Mattocks, Whig; and died at Lyn don, Vermont, October 19, 1842. Fletcher, Richard, was born at Cavendish, Vermont, January 8, 1788; received a classical edu cation, graduating at Dartmouth College in 1806; studied law under Daniel Webster; was admitted to the bar in 1809, and commenced practice at Salisbury, New Hampshire ; removed to Boston in 1825 ; was a member of the State House of Representatives of Massachusetts; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Whig, receiving 4,702 votes against 2,949 votes for Charles Sumner, Coalitionist, and 59 scattering votes; was a judge of the Supreme Court of Massachusetts 1848-1853; received the degree of LL.D. from Dart mouth College, to which he bequeathed $100,000; and died at Boston June 21, 1869. Fletcher, Thomas, received a public-school education; located in Montgomery County, Ken tucky; was a member of the State legislature in 1803, 1805, and 1806; served in the war against Great Britain in 1812 as major of Kentucky volunteers under General Harrison, and distinguished himself at the action before Fort Meigs May 5, 1813 ; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Four teenth Congress (in place of James Clark, resigned), serving from December 2, 1816, to March 3, 1817; declined a re-election ; was again a member of the State House of Representatives in 1817, 1820, 1821, and 1825. Florence, Elias, was born in Virginia ; received a public-school education; removed to Ohio, and located at Circleville, Pickaway County ; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Whig, receiving 5,429 votes against 4,864 votes for Medill, Democrat, and serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1845. 396 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Florence, Thomas B., was born in the South- wark District of Philadelphia January . 26, 1812; received a public-school education; learned the hat ter s trade, and went into business for himself in 1833; was for many years a prominent member of the Volunteer Hope Hose Company; was a leader in the Sons of Temperance, and in the Brotherhood of the Union, a secret organization of working-men; was defeated as a Democratic candidate for the Thir tieth Congress, receiving 2,832 votes against 3,437 votes for L. C. Levin, Whig Native American; and was again defeated for the Thirty-first Congress, receiving 3,358 votes against 4,095 votes for L. C. Levin ; was elected a representative from Pennsyl vania in the Thirty-second Congress as a Democrat, receiving 5,352 votes against 4,104 votes for L. C. Levin; was re-elected to the Thirty-third Con gress, receiving 4,937 votes against 3,290 votes for Price; was re-elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress, receiving 0,439 votes against 5,999 votes for E. Joy Morris, Whig; was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Con gress, receiving 9,495 votes against 7,275 votes for Knight, Union; and was re-elected to the Thirty- sixth Congress, receiving 0,823 votes against 0,492 votes for Ryan, Republican, and 2,442 for Nebingcr, anti-Lecompton Democrat, serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1861; edited "The National Democratic Review;" established and edited in 1803 "The Washington Constitutional Union," and in 1868 "The Washington Sunday Gazette;" retaining his legal residence at Philadelphia, he was defeated as the Democratic candidate in his old district for the Forty-first Congress, receiving 11,913 votes against 14,533 votes for C. O Neill, Republican; met with an accident to his right foot during the canvass, which caused inflammation, followed by dry gangrene, which finally proved fatal; he was again defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Forty-fourth Con gress, receiving 7,970 votes against 9,637 votes for Chapman Freeman, Republican, and 2,370 votes for David Branson, Independent Republican ; he would have contested the election, but he died at Washing ton City July 3, 1875. Flournoy, Thomas S., was born in Virginia; received a public-school education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Halifax ; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Thirtieth Congress as a AVhig, receiving one majority over T. H. Averctt, Democrat, and serving from December 6, 1847, to March 3, 1849; was de feated as the Whig candidate for the Thirty-first Congress, receiving 1,206 votes against 1,450 votes for Averett, Democrat; entered the Confederate army, and was killed in battle in Virginia in June, 1864. Floyd, Charles A., was born in New York; re ceived a piiblic-school education; resided at Corn- mac, Suffolk County; was a member of the State legislature in 1836 and 1838; was elected a repre sentative from New York in the Twenty-seventh Congress as a Democrat, receiving 6,009 votes against 4,880 votes for William P. Buffett, Whig, and serv ing from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1843. Floyd, John, was born at Beaufort, South Car olina, October 3, 1769; removed in 1791 with his father to Georgia, where they were successful as builders of boats for river-navigation ; served in the war with Great Britain of 1812 as brigadier-general in the expeditions against the Creek Indians, who were supplied with arms and ammunition by the British; was several times a member of the State House of Representatives ; was elected a representa tive from Georgia in the Twentieth Congress, serving from Decembers, 1827, to March 3, 1829; and died near Jefferson, Georgia, June 24, 1839. Floyd, John, father of John B. Floyd, was born in Jefferson County, Virginia; received an academic education; was for several years a member of the State House of Representatives; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Fifteenth Con gress as a State-rights Democrat, defeating Colonel McClanahan, Federalist; was re-elected to the Six teenth, Seventeenth, Eighteenth, Nineteenth, and Twentieth Congresses, serving from December 1, 1817, to March 3, 1829; was governor of Virginia 1829-1S34; after having been a personal friend and stanch supporter of Jefferson, Sladison, Crawford, and Jackson, he became incensed by the proclama tion of the latter against nullification, and opposed him ; he died at the Sweet Springs, Virginia, August 10,1837. Floyd, John G., was born in the State of New York; received a public-school education; resided at Utica ; was a member of the State House of Repre sentatives 1839-1843; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-sixth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 9,280 votes against 8,362 votes for C. P. Kirkland, Whig; and was re-elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress, receiving 11,775 votes against 11,328 votes for Thomas H. Bond, Whig, serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1843; was again elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-second Congress, receiving 4,125 votes against 3,661 votes for Rose, Whig, and serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1853. Floyd, "William, was born at Brookhaven, New York, December 17, 1734 ; received an academic edu cation; took an active part in the ante-Revolutionary movements ; was a delegate from New York to the Continental Congress 1774-1777, signing the Declara tion of Independence when the British were upon his estate ; was a State senator 1777-1778 ; was again a delegate to the Continental Congress 1778-1783; was elected a representative from New York in the First Congress, serving from March 4, 1789, to March 3, 1791 ; removed in 1794 to Western, in Oneida County, then a wilderness ; was a presidential elector in 1800, 1804, and 1820; was a delegate to the State Constitu tional Convention in 1801; was again elected State senator in 1808; and died at Western, New York, August 4, 1821. Fogg, George G., was born at Meredith, Bel- knap County, New Hampshire, May 26, 1815 ; received a classical education, graduating at Dartmouth Col lege in 1839; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1842, and commenced practice at Gilmanton, New Hampshire ; was secretary of state of New Hamp shire in 1840; became an editor of "The Independ ent Democrat," then published at Manchester in 1847, and afterwards at Concord, and was editor-in- chief 1S54-1801 ; was reporter of the State Supreme Court 1S56-1800; was appointed by President Lincoln minister resident at Switzerland, serving from March 28, 1861, to October 10, 1805; was appointed a United- States senator from New Hampshire as a Republican (in place of Daniel Clark, resigned), serving from December 3, 1800, to March 3, 1807. Foley, James B., was born in Kentucky; re ceived a public-school education ; removed to Greens- burg, Indiana; held several local offices; was elected a representative from Indiana in the Thirty-fifth Con gress as a Democrat, receiving 10,451 votes against 8,998 votes for Cumback, Republican, and serving from December 7, 1857 ; to March 3, 1859. Folger, "Walter, jun., was born at Nantucket, Massachusetts; received a public-school education; was a State senator 1809-181 5 and in 1822.; was elect ed a representative from Massachusetts in the Fif teenth Congress as a Democrat ; and was re-elected to the Sixteenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1817, to March 3, 1819. Folsom, Nathaniel, was born at Exeter, New Hampshire, September 18, 1726; received a public- school education ; served in the Seven Years War as captain of a company in Colonel Blanchard s regi ment; was successively major, lieutenant-colonel, and colonel of the Fourth Regiment of New-Hamp shire Militia, which he commanded at the commence ment of the Revolutionary war ; was appointed by the Convention of New Hampshire, April 21, 1775, briga- STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 397 dier-gcncral to command the New-Hampshire troops sent to Massachusetts, and served during the siege of Boston; was promoted major-general, and made the details of troops sent from New Hampshire to Ticon- deroga ; was a delegate from New Hampshire in the Continental Congress 1774-1775 and 1777-1780; was executive councillor in 1778; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention of 1783, and its president; and died at Exeter, New Hampshire, May 20, 1790. Poote, Samuel Augustus, was born at Chesh ire, Connecticut, Novembers, 1780; received a clas sical education, graduating at Yale College 171)7; engaged in mercantile pursuits at New Haven ; was for several years a member of the State House of Representatives, and twice its speaker ; was elected a representative from Connecticut in the Sixteenth Congress as a Whig, serving from December 0, 1811), to March 3, 1821 ; and was again elected to the Eigh teenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1823, to March 3, 1825; was elected a United-States senator from Connecticut, serving from December 3, 1827, to March 2, 1833; was defeated as a candidate for re election as United-States senator by Nathan Smith ; was again elected a representative in the Twenty- third Congress, serving from December 2, 1833, to May 9, 1834, when he resigned, having been elected governor of Connecticut; served as governor 1834- 1835; was a presidential elector on the Clay and Frelinghuysen ticket in 1844; and died at Cheshire, Connecticut, September 15, 1846. He was the father of Admiral Foote, U.S.N. Foot, Solomon, was born at Cornwall, Addison County, Vermont, November 19, 1802; received a classical education, graduating at Middlcbury College in 1826; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Rutland, Vermont; was elect ed a representative from Vermont in the Twenty- eighth Congress as a Whig, receiving 0,098 votes against 4,920 votes for Harrington, Democrat, 508 votes for Theall, Abolitionist, and 07 votes scatter ing; and was re-elected to the Twenty-ninth Con gress, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1847; was defeated as a candidate for clerk of the House of Representatives in December, 1849; was elected a United-States senator from Vermont as a Republican ; and was twice re-elected, serving from December 1, 1857, to March 28, 1860, when he died, having served several times as president pro tcmporc. Foote, Charles A., was born in the State of New York; received an academic education; was elected a representative from New York in the Eigh teenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1823, to March 3, 1825 ; and died at Delhi, New York, August 1, 1828. Foote, Henry Stuart, was born in Fauquicr County, Virginia, September 20, 1800; received a classical education, graduating at Washington Col lege, Virginia, in 1819; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1822, and commenced practice at Tuscuin- bia, Alabama, in 1824, removing in 1820 to Jackson, Mississippi ; was elected a United-States senator from Mississippi as a Unionist, serving from December 6, 1847, to the fall of 1852, when he resigned to success fully canvass the State as Union candidate for gov ernor against Jefferson Davis, Secessionist; was governor of Mississippi 1852-1854 ; removed to Cali fornia in 1854; returned to Vicksburg, Mississippi, in 1858; was a member of the Southern Convention at Knoxville in 1809, and spoke against disunion; was a representative from Tennessee in the First and Second Confederate Congresses ; removed to Wash ington City, where he practised law. He published "Texas and the Texans" 1841, a "History of the Southern Struggle" 1840, and a volume of "Per sonal Reminiscences." Forbes, James, was a delegate from Maryland to the Continental Congress 1778-1780. Ford, James, resided at Lawrenceville, Penn sylvania; held several local ofiices; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-first Congress as a Jackson Democrat; and was re-elected to the Twenty-second Congress, serving from Decem ber 7, 1829, to March 2, 1833. Ford, W^illiam D., was born at Providence, Rhode Island; received a public-school education; removed to Jefferson County, New York; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1816- 1817 ; was elected a representative from New York in the Sixteenth Congress, serving from December 6, 1819, to March 3, 1821 ; died "at Watertown, New York. Forester, John B., was born in Tennessee; received a public-school education; resided at McMinnsville; was elected a representative from Tennessee in the Twenty-third Congress, receiving 500 majority over J. C. Isacks; and was re-elected to the Twenty-fourth Congress, receiving 1,234 majority over P. Burum, serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1S37. Forker, Samuel C., was born at Mount Holly, New Jersey, March 10, 1821; received a common- school education ; is director and cashier of the Bor- dentown Banking Company ; and was elected a rep resentative from New Jersey in the Forty-second Congress as a Democrat, receiving 15,899 votes against 15,452 votes for W. A. Newell, Republican, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1873. Fornance, Joseph, was born at Norristown, Pennsylvania; received a public-school education; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-sixth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 4.527 votes against 3,723 votes for Joseph Royer, Whig; and was re-elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress, receiving 4,480 votes against 3,601 votes for Potts, Whig, serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1843. Forney, Daniel M. (the eldest son of Peter Forney), was born in Lincoln County, North Caro lina, in May, 1784; filled several local ofiices; was major in the war of 1812 ; was elected a representative in the Fourteenth Congress as a Democrat, and re- elected to the Fifteenth Congress, serving from De cember 4, 1815, to 1818, when he resigned; was ap pointed by President Munroe in 1820 a commissioner to treat with the Creek Indians ; was a member of the State Senate of North Carolina in 1823, 1824, 1825, and 1826; removed to Alabama in 1834; and died in Lowndes County, Alabama, in October, 1847. Forney, Peter, was born in Lincoln County, North Carolina, in April, 1750; was a Revolutionary soldier; engaged in the manufacture of iron; was a member of the House of Commons of North Carolina in 1794, 1795, and 17CG, and of the State Senate in 1801 and 1802; was elected a representatis e in the Thirteenth Congress, serving from May 24, 1813, to March 3, 1815; was a presidential elector on the Jefferson ticket in 1809, the Madison ticket in 1813, the Munroe ticket in 1817, and the Jackson tickets in 1825 and 1829; died at his hospitable home, known as " Mount Welcome," Lincoln County, North Caro lina, February 1, 1834. Forney, William Henry, was born at Lin- colnton, North Carolina, November 9, 1823 ; received a classical education, graduating at the University of Alabama in 1844; served in the war with Mexico as a first lieutenant in the First Regiment of Alabama Volunteers ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar in 1848, and practised ; was elected by the legislature of Alabama a trustee of the University of Alabama, and served 1851-1800 ; was a member of the State House of Representatives of Alabama 1859-1800 ; entered the Confederate army at the commencement of hostilities in 1861 as captain, and was successively promoted major, lieutenant-colonel, colonel, and brigadier- general ; surrendered at Appomattox Court House ; was a member of the State Senate of Alabama 1865- 1866, serving until the State was reconstructed; was elected a representative from Alabama in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 398 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. 106,080 votes against 89,909 votes for C. C. Sheets, Republican; and was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving no opposition, serving from De cember 0, 1875. Forrest, Thomas, was born at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; received a public-school education; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Sixteenth Congress, serving from December 0, 1819, to March 3, 1821 ; was defeated as a candidate for the Seventeenth Congress, receiving 4,798 votes against 10,735 votes for Henry Baldwin ; but he was subsequently elected to the Seventeenth Congress (in place of William Milnor, resigned to serve as sheriff), serving from December 2, 1822, to March 3, 1823; and died at Philadelphia March 20, 1825. Forrest, Uriah, was horn in Maryland; re ceived a public-school education; served in the Maryland line during the Revolutionary war; was wounded at Germantown, and lost a leg at the Brandywine ; was a delegate from Maryland in the Continental Congress 1780-1787 ; was elected a repre sentative from Maryland in the Third Congress, serving from December 2, 1793, to November 8, 1794, when he resigned; and died near Georgetown, Dis trict of Columbia, in 1805. Forsyth, John, was born at Fredericksburg, Virginia, October 2, 1780; received a classical educa tion, graduating at Princeton College in 1799; re moved with his father to Charleston, and afterwards to Augusta, Georgia; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1802, and commenced practice at Augusta; was attorney-general of Georgia 1808; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Thirteenth Con gress as a Democrat, and re-elected to the Four teenth and Fifteenth Congresses, serving from May 24, 1813, to November 23, 1818, when he was elected United-States senator, and took his seat ; he resigned February 15, 1819, having been appointed minister to Spain, where he served until March 2, 1823; was again elected a representative in the Eighteenth Con gress, and re-elected to the Nineteenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1823, to March 3, 1827; was again elected a United-States senator from Geor gia (in place of J. McPherson Berrien, resigned), serving from December 8, 1829, to June 27, 1834, when he resigned, having been appointed secretary of state by President Jackson; was continued in office by President Van Buren, serving until March 3, 1841; and died at Washington City, of bilious fever, October 21, 1841. Fort, Greenbury L., was born in Ohio Octo ber, 17, 1825; removed with his parents to Illinois in April, 1834; was raised on a farm; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Lacon; was elected sheriff, clerk circuit court, and county judge ; volunteered in the Union army April 22, 1801, and was mustered out of the service March 24, 1860; was elected to the State Senate of Illinois in 1866; was elected a representative from Illinois in the Forty- third Congress as a Republican, receiving 13,461 votes against 8,504 votes for George O. Barnes, the Coalition candidate ; was re-elected to the Forty- fourth Congress, receiving 9,753 votes against 7,403 votes for J. G. Bayne, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 15,001 votes against 12,211 votes for G. W. Parker, Democrat, serving from December 1, 1873. Fort, Tomlinson, of Millcdgeville, Georgia, was born in 1787 ; received a classical education ; studied medicine, and was admitted to practice in 1810; was for several years a member of the State House of Representatives; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Twentieth Congress on a general ticket, serving from December 3, 1827, to March 3, 1829; resumed practice; was chosen president of the State Bank of Georgia in 1832, and held the position until his death, at Milledgeville, May 11, 1859. Forward, Chauncey (brother of Walter For ward), was born at Old Granby, Connecticut, in 1793; removed with his father to Ohio in, 1800 ; received a classical education, studying at Jefferson College; studied law ; was admitted to the bar at Pittsburg in 1817, and commenced practice at Somerset; was a member of the State Senate and House of Representa tives ; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Nineteenth Congress (in place of Alexander Thomson, resigned) as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Twentieth and Twenty-first Congresses, serv ing from December 4, 1826, to March 3, 1831 ; was appointed by the governor of Pennsylvania in 1831 prothonotary and recorder of Somerset County; iden tified himself with the Baptist Church, and became noted as a lay-preacher ; and died at Somerset, Penn sylvania, October 19, 1839. ~ Forward, W^alter, was born in Connecticut in 1786; received an academic education; removed to Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, in 1803 ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar in 1806, and practised until 1826 ; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Seventeenth Congress (in place of Henry Bald win, resigned) as a Democrat, receiving a majority of 755 votes over Pentland ; and was re-elected to the Eighteenth Congress, serving from December 2, 1822, to March 3, 1825; was a delegate to the State Consti tutional Convention in 1837 ; was appointed by Presi dent Harrison first comptroller of the treasury April 6, 1841, serving until he was appointed by President Tyler secretary of the treasury September 13, 1841, and serving until March 1, 1843: resumed practice; was appointed by President Taylor cfiarye d affaires to Denmark, serving from November 8, 1849, to Oc tober 10, 1851 ; returned to serve as president-judge of the District Court of Alleghany County, to which he had been elected; was attacked by illness while on the bench, and died the second day afterwards, at Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, November 24, 1842. Fosdick, Nicoll, was born at New London, Connecticut, November 9, 1785; received an aca demic education; removed to Norway, New York; was a presidcntal elector on the Monroe and Tomp- kins ticket in 1816; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1818-1819; was elected a representative from New York in the Nineteenth Congress as a Whig, serving from December 5, 1825, to March 3, 1827 ; returned to New London in 1843, and was collector of customs there 1849-1853 ; died at New London May 7, 1868. Foster, Abiel, was born at Andover, Massachu setts, Augusts, 1735; received a classical education, graduating at Harvard College in 1756; studied theology; was ordained over the Congregational Church at Canterbury, New Hampshire, January 21, 1761, and remained its minister until 1779; was a delegate from New Hampshire in the Continental Congress in 1783-1784; was judge of the Court of Common Pleas 1784-1788; was elected a representa tive in the First Congress from New Hampshire, serv ing from August 14, 1789, until March 3, 1791 ; was president of the State Senate of New Hampshire in 1793-1794; was again elected to the Fourth Congress, and was re-elected to the Fifth, Sixth, and Seventh Congresses, serving from December 7, 1795, until March 8, 1803 ; and died at Canterbury, New Hamp shire, February 6, 1806. Foster, A. Lawrence, resided at Morrisville, New York; received a public-school education; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-seventh Congress as a Whig, receiving 10,826 votes against 10,757 votes for William J. Hough, Democrat, and serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1843. Foster, Charles, was born in Seneca County, Ohio, April 12, 1828; was educated at the common schools and the academy at Norwalk, Ohio ; engaged in mercantile and banking business, and never held any public office until he was elected a representa tive from Ohio in the Forty-second Congress, receiv ing 13,274 votes against 12,498 votes for EdAvard F. Dickinson, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty- third Congress, receiving 14,997 votes against 14,2 7 l STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 399 votes for E. E. Sloane, Liberal Republican ; and was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Congress as a Republi can, receiving 13,778 votes against 13,619 votes for Seney, Democrat, and 289 votes for Mead, Temper ance candidate; and was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 17,324 votes against 17,053 votes for Hudson, Democrat, serving from March 4, 1871. Foster, Dwight, was born at Brookfield, Mas sachusetts, December 7, 1757; received a classical education, graduating at Brown University in 1774 ; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and com menced practice at Brookfield ; was high sheriff of Worcester County, justice of the Court of Common Pleas, and afterwards chief justice; was a member of the State Senate and House of Representatives; was elected a representative from Massachusetts as a Federalist in the Third, Fourth, and Fifth Con gresses, serving from December 2, 1793, to March 3, 1799; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Con vention 1799; was elected a United-States senator from Massachusetts (in place of Samuel Dexter, re signed), serving from Jiine 0, 1800, to March 3, 1803; and died at Brookfield, Massachusetts, April 29, 1823. Foster, Ephraim H., received an academic edu cation; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Nashville, Tennessee; was appointed a United-States senator from Tennessee (in place of Felix Grundy, resigned) as a Whig, defeating W. Carroll, Democrat, and serving from December 3, 1838, to March 3, 1839, when he resigned because he would not obey instructions given him by the legis lature ; he was again elected a United-States senator, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1845; was defeated as the Whig candidate for governor of Tennessee, receiving 5(5,805 votes against 58,275 votes for Aaron V. Brown, Democrat; died at Nashville, Tennessee, September 4, 1854. Foster, Henry A., resided at Rome, New York ; received a public-school education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised; was a State senator 1831-1834; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Demo crat, serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1839 ; was again a State senator 1841-1844 ; was ap pointed a United-States senator from New York (in place of Silas Wright, jun., resigned), serving from December 9, 1844, to January 27, 1847, when his suc cessor took his scat; was elected judge of the Fifth District of the Supreme Court November 3, 1803, to November, 1869. Foster, Henry Donnel, was born at Mercer, Pennsylvania, December 19, 1812; received a liberal education at Alleghany College, Meadville, Pennsyl vania; studied law, and practises the profession; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, receiving no opposition; and was re-elected to the Twcnty- ninth Congress, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1847 ; was elected to the House of Repre sentatives of the legislature of Pennsylvania in 1840 and 1847 ; was the Democratic candidate for governor of Pennsylvania in 1860; was a candidate for the Forty-first Congress, but did not secure the seat; and was again elected to the Forty-second Congress as a Democrat, receiving 12,399 votes against 11,009 votes for A. Stewart, Republican, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1873. Foster, Lafayette S., was born at Franklin, Connecticut, November 22, 1800; received a classical education, graduating at Brown University in 1828; studied law with Hon. Calvin Goddard, and at Centreville, Maryland, where he taught school for a year; was admitted to the bar at Centreville in 1830, and again at Norwich in 1831; commenced practice at Norwich ; removed to Hampton in 1833, but re turned in 1835 to Norwich, where he afterwards practised; was a member of the State General Assembly in 1839, 1840, 1846, 1847, 1848, and 1854, serving the last three years as speaker ; was defeated as the Whig candidate for governor in 1850, 1851, and for United-States senator in 1851 ; was mayor of Norwich in 1851, 1852; was elected a United-States senator from Connecticut as a Republican, and was re-elected, serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1867, and acting as president pro tempore of the Senate after the promotion of Vice-President Johnson to be President; was elected professor of law at Yale College in 1869 ; was a judge of the Supreme Court of Connecticut 1870-1870; was defeated as tho Democratic candidate for the Forty-fourth Con gress, receiving 5,444 votes against 5,818 votes for H. II. Starkweather. Foster, Nathaniel GK, was born in Greene County, Georgia, August 25, 1809; received a classi cal education, graduating at Franklin College in 1839; studied law; was admitted to the bar in"l831, and commenced practice at Madison, Georgia; was a State senator and representative; was for three years solicitor-general of the Ocmulgee Circuit; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Thirty- fourth Congress as an American, receiving 4,792 votes against 4,580 votes for Stephens, Democrat, and serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1857. Foster, Stephen C., was born at Machias, Maine, December 24, 1799; received a public-school education; learned the blacksmith s trade, but be came a dealer in lumber and a ship-builder; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1834 1837; was a State senator and president of the Senate in 1840; was again a member of the State House of Representatives in 1847; was elected a representative from Maine in the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Repub lican, receiving 8,503 votes against 7,507 votes for Arno Wiswell, Coalition; and was re-elected to the Thirty- sixth Congress, receiving 8,297 votes against 7,804 votes for Bradbury, Democrat, serving from Decem ber 7, 1857, to March 3, 1801. Foster, Theodore, was born at Brookfield, Massachusetts, April 29, 1752, old style; received a classical education, graduating at the Rhode-Island College (now Brown University) in 1770, and again at Dartmouth College in 1780; studied law; was ad mitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Provi dence, Rhode Island; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1776-1782; was town-clerk of Providence for many years ; was appointed judge of the Court of Admiralty in May, 1785; was elected United-States senator from Rhode Island, and twice re-elected, serving from December 7, 1790, until March 3, 1803; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1812-1816, representing the town of Foster, which bore his name; was an antiquarian student, and collected the materials fora "History of Rhode Island," but never completed it; and died at Providence January 13, 1828. Foster, Thomas P., was born at Grcensbo rough, Georgia, November 23, 1790; received a classical edu cation, graduating at Franklin College in 1812; stud ied law at the Litchfield Law School ; was admitted to the bar in 1816, and commenced practice at Greens- borough ; was a member of the State House of Rep resentatives; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Twenty-first Congress as a Democrat on a general ticket; was re-elected to the Twenty- second Congress on a general ticket, and was re- elected to the Twenty-third Congress on a general ticket, receiving 24,690 votes against 18,878 votes for Stewart, Whig, serving from December 7, 1829, to March 3, 1835 ; was defeated as the Democratic can didate for the Twenty-fourth Congress, receiving 25,337 votes against 27,510 votes for George W. Owens, Whig; was again elected to the Twenty- seventh Congress, sen-ing from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1843; and died at Columbus in 1847. Foster, Thomas J., was a representative from Alabama in the First and Second Confederate Con gresses; his political disabilities were removed by President Johnson ; he was elected a representative from Alabama in the Thirty-ninth Congress, and his 400 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. credentials were presented in the House January 10, 1SU7, but they were not acted upon. Foster, W"ilder D., was born in Orange Coun ty, New York, January 8, 1819; received a common- school education ; moved to Michigan in 1837 while an apprentice to the tinner s trade; entered into the general hardware business in Grand Rapids in 1845; was city treasurer and alderman of that city, and was elected mayor in 1854; was elected State senator for 1855 and 1850 ; was again elected mayor of Grand Rapids in 1805 and 1800; was elected a representative from Michigan in the Forty-second Congress as a Republican in April, 1871 (to fill the vacancy occa sioned by the election of Thomas W. Ferry to the United-States Senate), receiving 19,437 votes against 13,95(5 votes for William M. Ferry, Democrat, serving from December 4. 1871, to March 3, 1873. Fouke, Philip B., was born at Kaskaskia, Illinois, January 23, 1818; received a public-school education; was a civil engineer; established "The Belleville Advocate" in 1841, and published it for four years; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice; was prosccuting-attorney for the Kaskaskia District 1840-1850 ; was a member of the Illinois legislature in 1851 ; was elected a rep resentative from Illinois in the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 11,490 votes against 8,410 votes for Baker, Republican; was re-elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress as a Democrat, receiving 10,581 votes against 13,240 votes for Gillespie, Repub lican, serving from December 1, 1859, until March 4, 1803; was colonel of Illinois volunteers in 18G1-18G2; resumed practice, and died at Washington October 3, 1870. Fowler, John, was born in Virginia in 1755 ; received a public-school education; served in the Revolutionary war as captain ; removed to Lexing ton, Kentucky, soon after peace was declared; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Fifth Congress; was re-elected to the Sixth, Seventh, Eighth, and Ninth Congresses, serving from May 15, 1797, to March 3, 1807; and died at Lexington, Ken tucky, August 22, 1840. Fowler, Joseph Smith, was born at Steubcn- villc, Ohio, August 31, 1822; graduated at Franklin College, Ohio, and was afterwards its professor of mathematics for four years ; studied law in Kentucky, and went to Tennessee, where he commenced prac tice; was appointed by Governor Johnson comptrol ler of Tennessee, and took an active part in recon structing the State Government ; was elected United- States senator from Tennessee as a Union Republican after the reconstruction of that State, and took his seat July 25, 1800, serving until March 3, 1871. Fowler, Orin, was born at Lebanon, Connecti cut, July 29, 1791; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1815 ; studied theology under Dr. Dwight; performed an extensive mission ary tour in the Valley of the Mississippi, and, on his return in 1819, was settled as minister of a society at Plainfield, Connecticut; removed to Fall River, Massachusetts, in 1829, and was the pastor of a soci ety there for twenty years, serving several times as a State representative and State senator; was elected to the Thirty-first Congress as a Free-soil Whig, re ceiving 5,170 votes against 3,497 votes for Morton, Van Buren Democrat, and 2,418 votes for Hooper, Cass Democrat ; was re-elected to the Thirty-second Congress as a Free-soil Whig, receiving 0,800 votes against 3,047 votes for Little, Coalitionist, 301 votes for Atwood, 147 votes for Baylies, Whig, and 35 scat- Fowler, Samuel, was born in New Jersey in 1779; received an academic education; studied medi cine ; was admitted to practice, and located at Ham burg, New Jersey; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Twenty-third Congress as a Jack- BOU Democrat on a general ticket, receiving 23,808 votes against 23,780 votes for Wright, Clay Democrat; and was re-elected to the Twenty-fourth Congress, receiving 30,905 votes against 29,229 votes for Wright, Clay Democrat, serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1837 ; died at Hamburg, New Jersey, Feb ruary 21, 1844. Fox, John, was born at New York June 30, 1835; received a public-school education; engaged in mechanical pursuits ; was an alderman and a super visor in New- York City; was elected a representative from New York in the Fortieth Congress as a Demo crat, receiving 14,003 votes against 3,743 votes for Horace Greeley, Republican ; and was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress, receiving 20,074 votes against 4,024 votes for Lewis, Republican. Franchat, Richard, was born at Morris, New York, in 1810; received a public-school education; studied civil engineering ; became interested in agri cultural pursuits; engaged in the construction of railroads, and was for some years president of the Albany and Susquehanna Railroad Company; was elected a representative from New York in the Thir ty-seventh Congress as a Republican, receiving 11,310 votes against 8,542 votes for Walworth, Democrat, and serving from July 4, 1801, to March 3, 1803; and died at Schenectady, New York, November 23, 1875. Francis, John Brown, was born at Philadel phia, Pennsylvania, May 31, 1794; his father dying soon afterwards, he was reared by Nicholas Brown of Providence, Rhode Island ; received a classical edu cation, graduating at Brown University in 1808 ; at tended the Litchfield Law School, but never practised ; gave great attention to agricultural pursuits, and was secretary of the State Agricultural Society ; was a representative from Warwick in the State legislature in 1824, 1820-1828, and 1832 ; was elected governor in 1832 as a Jackson and anti-Masonic candidate, and served until 1838; was State senator in 1843; was chancellor of Brown University 1841-1854; was elect ed a United-States senator (in place of William Sprague, resigned) as a Law-and-Ordcr candidate, having 41 majority over Christopher Spencer, Dorr- ite, and serving from February 7, 1844, to March 3, 1845; was again State senator 1847, 1849, 1852-1854; and died at Warwick, Rhode Island, August 9, 1804. Frank, Augustus, was born at Warsaw, New York, July 17, 1820; received a business education, and engaged in mercantile pursuits; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Republican, receiving 9,917 votes against 5,355 votes for Skinner, Democrat, and 2,204 votes for Black, American; was re-elected .to the Thirty-seventh Congress, receiving 15,342 votes against 7,389 votes for Robinson, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, receiv ing 10,470 votes against 9,027 votes for Hunt, Demo crat, serving from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 18(55. Franklin, Benjamin, was born at Boston, Mas sachusetts, January 17, 1700; received a public-school education; learned the art of printing, and, after working as a journeyman at Philadelphia and Lon don, established himself at Philadelphia; was State printer; was postmaster at Philadelphia; was a mem ber of the Provincial Assembly 1744-1754; was a member of several Indian commissions; was ap pointed postmaster-general of the British North- American colonies; was agent of Pennsylvania at London ; was a delegate to the Continental Congress 1775-1770, signing the Declaration of Independence ; was sent as a diplomatic commissioner to France by the Continental Congress 1778-1785; was governor of Pennsylvania 1785-1788; was a delegate to the Convention which framed the Federal Constitution ; and died at Philadelphia. He published "Poor Richard s Almanac," several works on electricity, and numerous political pamphlets; and left an auto biography, which has been published by Jared Sparks and John Bigelow. Franklin, Benjamin J., was born in Mason STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 401 County, Kentucky ; was educated at private schools, and at an early age entered Bethany College, West Virginia, remaining there only two years; taught school twelve months; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1857, and commenced practice at Leaven- worth, Kansas; removed to Missouri in 1800, and located at Kansas City; entered the Confederate army as a private ; was promoted captain, and served throughout the Avar; was elected Commonwealth s attorney of the Twenty-fourth Judicial Circuit of Missouri in March, 1871; was elected a representa tive from Missouri in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 11,546 votes against 3,595 votes for J. P. Alexander, Independent, and 2,920 votes for W. H. Powell, Republican; and was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 15,229 votes against 7,100 votes for D. S. Twitchell, Republican, serving from December ti, 1875. Franklin, Jesse, was born in Surry County, North Carolina, in 1758; served as major in the Rev olutionary war; was a member of the House of Commons of North Carolina in 1794, 1797, and 1798, and a member of the State Senate in 1805 and 1800 ; was elected a representative in the Fourth Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 7, 1795, until March 3, 1797; was elected a United-States senator in 1799, serving from March 4, 1799, until March 3, 1805; was again elected a United-States senator in 1807, serving from March 4, 1807, until March 3, 1813; was governor of North Carolina in 1820-1821; and died in Surry County, North Carolina, in Sep tember, 1823. Franklin, John R., was born near Snow Hill, Maiyland, May 0,1820; received a classical educa tion, graduating at Jefferson College in 1830; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1841, and commenced practice at Snow Hill, Maryland ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1843, and again iu 1859, serving the last term as speaker ; was chosen president of the State Board of Public Works in 1851 ; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Thirty-third Congress as a Whig, receiving 5,815 votes against 5,127 votes for Stevenson, Independent, and serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855. Franklin, Meshach, was born in Surry County, North Carolina, in 1772; was a member of the House of Commons of North Carolina in 1800, and of the State Senate in 1828 and 1829; was elected a repre sentative from North Carolina as a Democrat in the Tenth, Eleventh, Twelfth, and Thirteenth Con gresses, serving from October 20, 1807, until March 3, 1815; he died in Surry County, North Carolina, December 18, 1839. Freedley, John, was born at Norristown, Penn sylvania, May 22, 1793 ; received a public-school edu cation; worked for some years in a brick-yard ; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1820, and practised at Norristown; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirtieth Congress as a Whig, and was re-elected to the Thirty-first Congress, re ceiving 0,655 votes against 0,477 votes for McKeever, Democrat, serving from December 6, 1847, to March 3, 1851 ; died at Norristown, Pennsylvania, December 8, 1851. Freeman, Chapman, was bom at Philadel phia, Pennsylvania, October 8, 1832; was educated at public and private schools, graduating at the Phil adelphia High School in July, 1850; commenced the study of the law, but became engaged in mercantile pursuits until after the breaking-out of the civil war; entered the United-States navy as acting assistant paymaster in 1863; was attached to the United-States steamer " Iron Age " at the time of her destruction at Lockwood s Folly Inlet, off the coast of North Car olina, and afterwards on special duty in Eastern Carolina during the attack on New Berne, Little Washington, and Plymouth, in February, 1864; re signed in consequence of impaired health in 1864; resumed the study of the law; was admitted to the bar in 1867, and practised at Philadelphia; was one of the commissioners on behalf of the Centennial from the city of Philadelphia to Vienna, Austria, in 1873; and was elected a representative from Penn sylvania in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Repub lican, receiving 9,037 votes against 7,970 votes for Thomas B. Florence, Democrat, and 2,370 votes for David Branson, Independent Republican ; and was re- elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 15,021 votes against 11,231 votes for John S. Thackara, Democrat, serving from December 6, 1875. Freeman, George C., served in the Confed erate army as major, and lost a leg in action ; was elected a representative in the Thirty-ninth Congress, and his credentials were presented ; but he was not admitted to a seat. Freeman, James C., was born in Jones Coun ty, Georgia, April 1, 1820 ; received a common-school education; never studied any profession; was a planter; was an old-line Whig in politics; opposed secession; was a Union man before, during, and after the war; and never held any office before he was elected a representative from Georgia in the Forty-third Congress as a Republican, receiving 10,910 votes against 10,631 votes for L. J. Glenn, Democrat, and serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1875. Freeman, John D., was born in New Jersey; received a public-school education ; removed to Jack son, Mississippi; held several local offices; was elected a representative from Mississippi in the Thirty-second Congress as a Unionist, receiving 7,774 votes against 7,241 votes forMcWillie, Democrat, and serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1853. Freeman, Jonathan, was born in New Hamp shire in 1745; received a public-school education; was an executive councillor from 1789 to 1797 ; was an overseer of Dartmouth College 1793-1808 ; was elected a representative from New Hampshire in the Fifth Congress, and re-elected to the Sixth Congress, serv ing from May 15, 1797, to March 3, 1801 ; and died in 1808. Freeman, Nathaniel, was born at Dennis, Mas sachusetts, April 8, 1741 ; received a classical educa tion; studied medicine, and commenced practice at Sandwich, Massachusetts, in 1765, also turning his attention to the law, which he studied and practised ; served in the Revolutionary war as colonel ; was regis ter of probate for Barnstable County 1775-1822 ; was judge of the Court of Common Pleas for Barnstable County 1775-1811; was brigadier-general of militia 1781-1793 ; was elected a representative from Massa chusetts in the Fourth and Fifth Congresses, serving from December 7, 1795, to March 3, 1799; and died at Sandwich, Massachusetts, September 20, 1827. Frelinghuysen, Frederick, was born in New Jersey April 13, 1753; received a classical educa tion, graduating at Princeton College in 1770; stud ied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised; was a delegate from New Jersey in the Continental Con gress in 1775, 1778-1779, and 1782; served in the Revolution as captain and colonel, and in 1790 was appointed by President Washington brigadier-general in the campaign against the Western Indians in 1790; was elected a United-States senator from New Jersey as a Federalist, serving from December 2, 1793, to 179(5, when he resigned; and died April 13, 1804. Frelinghuysen, Frederick T. (nephew and adopted son of Theodore Frelinghuysen), was born at Milltown, New Jersey, August 4, 1817 ; received a classical education, graduating at Rutgers College in 1836; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1839, and practised at Newark, New Jersey; was appointed attorney-general of the State of New Jersey in 1861, and re-appointed iiilSOO; was appointed a United- States senator from New Jersey as a Republican (to fill the vacancy occasioned by the death of William Wright), and was elected to fill the unexpired term, serving from December 3, 1866, to March 3, 1869; was again elected a United-States senator (to succeed A. G. Cattell, Republican), serving from March 4. 1871, to March 3, 1877; he was offered position of 402 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. minister to Great Britain by President Grant, but declined it. Frelinghuysen, Theodore (son of Frederick FrelhiEchuysen), was born at Mill town, New Jersey, If arch 28, 1787; received a classical education, gradu ating at Princeton College in 1804; studied law; was admitted to tbe bar in 1808, and commenced practice at Newark, New Jersey ; was a captain of volunteer militia during the war with Great Britain of 1812 ; was attorney-general of New Jersey 1817-1829; was de feated when a candidate for election as United-States senator in 1820 by E. Bateman, who was elected by his own vote; was elected to the United-States Sen ate as an Adams Republican, and served from March 4, 1829, until March 3, 1833 ; was mayor of Newark, New Jersey, 1837-1838 ; was chancellor of the New- York University 1839-1850; was defeated as the Whig candidate for Vice-President in 1844, receiving 1,291,043 votes against 1,339,013 votes for Dallas, Democrat, and 66,31)4 votes for Morris, Free-Soiler; was president of the American Bible Society, the American Board of Foreign Missions, the American Tract Society, and the American Temperance Union, and was prominently connected with several kindred organizations ; was president of Rutgers College from 1850 until his death at New Brunswick, New Jersey, April 12, 1862. Fremont, John Charles, was born at Savan nah, Georgia, January 21, 1813; received a classical education, graduating at Charleston College in 1830 ; was instructor in mathematics in the United-States navy 1833-1835 ; became a civil engineer, and was an assistant of Nicollet in 1838-1839 in exploring the country between the Missouri River and the northern boundary of the United States ; was appointed second lieutenant of topographical engineers, United-States army, July 7, 1838 ; commenced in 1842 his explora tions and surveys for an overland route from the Mississippi to the Pacific; was major commanding a battalion of California volunteers from July to No vember, 1846; was appointed lieutenant-colonel of United-States Mounted Rifles in 1846, and ordered to act as governor of California by Commodore Stock ton, who commanded the United-States squadron at San Francisco ; General Kearney, United-States ar my, revoked this order, and placed him under arrest for mutiny; he was tried by court-martial at Wash ington, found guilty, and pardoned by President Polk, but he resigned ; crossed the continent in 1848, and located in California on the Mariposa grant; was a commissioner in 1849 to run the boundary-line between the United States and Mexico; was elected a United-States senator from California as a Free-soil Democrat, serving from September 10, 1850, to March 3,1851; crossed the continent for the fifth time in 1853; was defeated as the Republican candidate for President in 1S56, receiving 114 electoral votes against 174 electoral votes for James Buchanan; visited Eu rope in 1860; was appointed major-general of volun teers by President Lincoln May 14, 1861, and placed in command of the western military district, from which he was removed November 2, 1861; was ap pointed to command the mountain department Feb ruary 10, 1862, and resigned in 1863; was again nom inated for President by the Cleveland Convention in 1864, but received no electoral votes. He published "Fremont s Explorations" 1859, and a number of reports giving accounts of his expeditions. French, Ezra B., was born in New Hampshire; received an academic education ; removed to Maine, and settled at Damariscotta ; was secretary of state of Maine ; was elected a representative from Maine in the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Republican, re ceiving 8,994 votes against 8,931 votes for Johnson, Democrat, and serving from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 1861 ; was appointed second auditor of the treasury August 3, 1861, and continued in office by Presidents Johnson, Grant, and Hayes. French, John B., was born at Gilmanton, New Hampshire, May 28, 1819; learned the art of print ing in the office of "The New-Hampshire States man" at Concord; was for live years publisher and associate editor of "The New-Hampshire States man;" was for two years editor of " The Eastern Journal " at Biddeford, Maine; removed in 1854 to Lake County, Ohio, and was an editor for six years, first of "The Telegraph," afterwards of " The Press," and, during the presidential campaign of 1856, of "The Cleveland Morning Leader ;" was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1858 and 1859; received in 1861 an appointment from Secretary Chase in the Treasury Department at Wash ington ; wae appointed by President Lincoln in 1864 one of the board of direct tax commissioners for the State of North Carolina, and removed there ; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention in 1867 ; was elected a representative from North Caro lina in the Fortieth Congress as a Republican, receiv ing 14,793 votes against 10,346 votes for Gillam, Conservative, serving from July 6, 1868, to March 3, 1869; was elected sergeant-at-arms of the Senate in December, 1870. French, Richard, was born in Kentucky; re ceived a public-school education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Mount Sterlixig; was a judge of the Circuit Court; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1820 and 1822; was a presidential elector on the Jackson and Van Buren ticket in 1829; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Twenty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 312 majority over T. A. Mar shall, Whig, and serving from December 7, 1835, to March 3, 1837 ; was defeated as the Democratic can didate for the Twenty-fifth Congress by Richard H. Menesse, Whig; was again elected to the Twenty- eighth Congress, receiving 5,481 votes against 8,073 votes for Landaff W. Andrews, Whig, and serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1845; was again elected to the Thirtieth Congress, receiving 6,473 votes against 6,166 votes for Cox, Whig, and serving from December 6, 1847, to March 3, 1849. Frick, Henry, was born at Northumberland, Pennsylvania, 1795; received a public-school educa tion; learned the art of printing at Philadelphia; served as a private in the war with Great Britain of 1812 ; located in 1816 at Milton, Pennsylvania, where he established a political journal, which he con ducted for upwards of twenty years ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1828-1831 ; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Whig, receiving 5,430 votes against 5,181 votes for Snyder, Democrat, and serving from December 4, 1843, to March 1, 1844, when he died of consumption at Washington City. Fries, George, was born in Pennsylvania; re ceived a public-school education ; studied medicine, and practised at Hanoverton, Ohio; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Twenty-ninth Con gress, and was re-elected to the Thirtieth Congress, serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1849; and died November 13, 1866. Fromentin, Elegius, was born in Louisiana; received a classical education ; studied law ; was ad mitted to the bar, and practised at New Orleans; was United-States senator from Louisiana, serving from May 24, 1813, to March 3, 1819 ; was appointed judge of the Criminal Court at New Orleans in 1821 ; was appointed United-States district-judge for the district of Florida in January, 1822, but soon re signed, and resumed the practice of law at New Or leans. His wife died of yellow fever, and he followed her within twenty-four hours, at New Orleans, Oc tober 6, 1822. He published "Observations on a Bill respecting Land-Titles in Orleans." Frost, George, was born at New Castle, New Hampshire, April 26, 1720; received a public-school education; entered the counting-house of his uncle, Sir William Pepperill, at Kittery Point, near Ports mouth, and then followed the seas for twenty years as supercargo and captain; returned to New Castle ir STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 403 1760, and in 1770 removed to Durham ; was a judge of the Court of Common Pleas of Stafford County 1773-17K1, and for some years the chief justice; was a delegate from New Hampshire to the Continental Congress 1777-1779; was executive councillor 1781- 1784; and died at Durham, New Hampshire, June 21, 1790. Frost, Joel, was born in Westchester County, New York; received a public-school education; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1800-1810; removed to Schenectady; was elected a representative from New York in the Eighteenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1823, to March 3, 1825. Frost, Robert Graham, of St. Louis, claimed to have been elected a representative from the Third District of Missouri in the Forty-fifth Congress, de feating L. S. Metcalfe, to whom the certificate of election was given. Frost, Rufus S., was born at Marlborough, New Hampshire, July 18, 1820, and removed in 1833 to Boston, where he received his education principally in the public schools; he entered a wholesale dry- goods store early in life, and after he was twenty-one years of age was actively engaged in the dry-goods com mission business and in manufacturing; was mayor of the city of Chelsea in 1807 and 1808; was a mem ber of the Massachusetts Senate in 1871 and 1872, and of the governor s council in 1873 and 1874; and was claimed to have been elected a representa tive from Massachusetts in the Forty-fourth Con gress as a Republican (but the House gave the seat to J. G. Abbott, Democrat, who had contested the election), and served from December 0, 1875, until July 28, 1870. Fry, Jacob, jun., was born in Pennsylvania; received a public-school education; resided at Fry- burg, Clarion County; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-fourth Congress as a Democrat; and was re-elected to the Twenty- fifth Congress, serving from December 7, 1835, to March 3, 1839. Fry, Joseph, jun., was born in Pennsylvania, and resided at Fry burg, Clarion County; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twentieth Congress; and was re-elected to the Twenty-first Congress, serving from December 3, 1827, to March 3, 1831. Frye, "William P., was born at Lewiston, Maine, September 2, 1831 ; graduated at Bowdoin College, Maine, in 1850; studied and practised law; was a member of the State legislature in 1801, 1802, and 1807 ; was mayor of the city of Lewiston in 1800 and 1807 ; was attorney-general of the State of Maine in 18o7, 1808, and 1809; arid was elected a representative from Maine in the Forty-second Congress as a Re publican, receiving 10,245 votes against 7,028 votes for A. Black, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty- third Congress, receiving 13,550 votes against 9,455 votes for A. Garalon, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Congress, receiving 9,088 votes against 0,073 votes for P. Clark, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 13,- C83 votes against 10,223 votes for S. Clifford Belcher, Democrat, and 550 votes for Solon Chase, Green- backer, serving from March 4, 1871. Fuller, Beaoni S., was born in "Warrick County, Indiana, November 13, 1825, and brought up on a farm, receiving a common-school education; when twenty-one years of age he b.ecame a school-teacher ; was elected sheriff in 1856, and re-elected in 1858; was a member of the State Plouse of Representatives in 1860 and 1808, and of the State Senate in 1802, 187 , and 1872; was elected a representative from Indiana in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 12,804 votes against 12,527 votes for Heil- nian, Republican ; and was re-elected to the Forty- fifth Congress, receiving 14,727 votes against 13,158 votes for C. A. De Bruler, Republican, and serving from December 0, 1875. Fuller, George, was born in Pennsylvania; received a public-school education ; resided at Mont- rose; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-eighth Congress (in place of Almon H. Read, deceased) as a Democrat, serving from De cember 2, 1844, to March 3, 1845. Fuller, Henry M., was born at Bethany, Penn sylvania, January 3, 1820; received a classical edu cation, graduating at Nassau Hall, Princeton, in 1839; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and com menced practice at Wilkesbarre; was elected to the State House of Representatives in 1848; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty- second Congress as a Whig, receiving 0,210 votes against 0,157 votes for H. B. Wright, Opposition, and served from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1853, his election having been unsuccessfully contested by Mr. Wright; was defeated as the Whig candidate for the Thirty-third Congress by Hendrick B. Wright, who obtained 100 majority; was again elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress, receiving 9,115 votes against 7,087 votes for H. B. Wright, Democrat, and serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1857; died at Philadelphia December 26, 1860. Fuller, Philo C., resided at Geneseo, Livingston County; was a member of the State House of Rep resentatives in 1830; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-third Congress as a Whig, and was re-elected to the Twenty-fourth Con gress, serving from December 2, 1833, to 1830, when he resigned ; was second assistant postmaster-general 1841-1843; was comptroller of New York from De cember 18, 1850, to November 4, 1851 ; died at Ge neva, New York, August 10, 1855. Fuller, Thomas J. D., was born at Hard wick, Caledonia County, Vermont, March 17, 18C8; received a public-school education; studied law; was admit ted to the bar, and commenced practice at Calais, Maine; was elected a representative from Maine in the Thirty-first Congress as a Democrat, receiving 5,819 votes against 4,269 votes for Downes, Whig, and 061 votes for Redman, Van Buren Democrat ; was re-elected to the Thirty-second Congress, receiving 4,814 votes against 4,629 votes for James S. Pike,Whig, 710 votes for S. C. Foster^ Free-Soil, and 39 scattering ; was re-elected to the Thirty-third Congress, receiving 6,283 votes against 5,280 votes for Robinson, Whig, 328 votes for S. C. Foster, Free-Soil, and 54 scatter ing; and was re-elected to the Thirty-fourth Con gress, receiving 4,713 votes against 4,307 votes for J. A. Milliken, Republican, 2,G99 votes for M. Smith, jun., Whig, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1857"; his election was unsucccssfully contested in 1857 by James A. Milliken; was ap pointed by President Buchanan second auditor of the treasury, serving from April 15, 1857, to August 3, 1801; practised law at Washington, and died at the country residence of his son, near that city, in 1876. Fuller, Timothy, was born at Chilmark, Mas sachusetts, July 11, 1778; received a classical educa tion, graduating at Harvard College in 1801 ; taught in Leicester Academy; studied law under Levi Lin coln at Worcester; was admitted to the bar, and com menced practice at Boston, residing at Cambridge; was a member of the State Senate of Massachusetts 1813-1817, and of the State House of Representatives 1825 ; was elected a representative from Massachu setts in the Fifteenth Congress as a Democratic Republican, opposed to the Federalists; was succes sively re-elected to the Sixteenth, Seventeenth, and Eighteenth Congresses, serving from January 2, 1818, until March 3, 1825; was a State councillor in 1828; was again elected to the State House of Repre sentatives in 1831 from Grotpn, to which place he had removed, and where he died suddenly of Asiatic cholera October 1, 1835. Fuller, William K., resided at Chittenango, New York; was adjutant-general of New York in 1823 ; was a member of the State House of Repre sentatives in 1829 and 1830 ; was elected a represen- 404 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. tative from New York in the Twenty-third Congress as a Democrat; and was re-elected to the Twenty- fourth Congress, serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1837. Fullerton, David, was born in the Cumberland Valley, Pennsylvania, in 1772; received a public- school education; located at Greencastle; was a member of the State Senate ; was elected a represen tative from Pennsylvania in the Sixteenth Congress, serving from December 6, 1819, to 1820, when he resigned, having been burned in effigy by some of his constituents at Carlisle, and positively de clined a renomination; was president of the bank at Greencastle, and died there February 1, 1843. Fulton, Andrew S., was born near Wytheville, Virginia; received a public-school education; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Thirti eth Congress as a Whig, receiving 2,084 votes against 2,078 votes for McMullen, Democrat, and serving from December 6, 1847, to March 3, 1849. Fulton, John H., was born at Abington, Vir ginia; received a classical education; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Twenty-third Congress as a Whig, receiving 2,021 votes against 1,237 votes for Byass, Democrat, and serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1835 ; was defeated as the Whig candidate for the Twenty-fourth Congress by George W. Hopkins, Democrat. Fulton, William S., was born in Cecil County, Maryland, June 2, 1795; received a classical educa tion, graduating at Baltimore College in 1813; com menced the study of law with William Pinckney, but served in the war against Great Britain of 1812 in a company of volunteers stationed at Fort McHenry ; removed to Tennessee with his fathers family after peace had been declared, and resumed his legal studies with Felix Grundy; was military secretary to General Jackson during his Florida campaign in 1818; located in Alabama; was appointed by Presi dent Jackson secretary of state of the Territory of Arkansas in 1829; was governor of Arkansas 1835- 1836; was elected a United-States senator from Ar kansas as a Democrat, serving from December 5, 1830, to August 15, 1844, when he died near Little Kock, Arkansas. Gage, Joshua, was born in Massachusetts; re ceived a public-school education; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1805-1808, 1813, and 1814; was elected a representative from Massa chusetts in the Fifteenth Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 1, 1817, to March 3, 1819; was again a member of the State House of Repre sentatives 1820 and 1821, and was an executive coun cillor in 1822 and 1823. Gaillard, John, was born in St. Stephen s Dis trict, South Carolina, September 5, 1705 ; received a classical education; was elected a United-States sen ator from South Carolina (in place of Pierce Butler, resigned), serving from January 31, 1805, until he died at Washington City February 26, 1826. He was chosen president pro tempore of the Senate in the Eleventh, Thirteenth, Fourteenth, Fifteenth, Sixteenth, Seventeenth, and Eighteenth Congresses. Gaines, John P., was born at Walton, Ken tucky; received an academic education ; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Walton; served in the Mexican war as major in Marshall s Kentucky cavalry volunteers; was made prisoner at Incarnacion in January, 1847; was ap pointed volunteer aide-de-camp to General Scott, and distinguished himself in the battle of El Molino ; was elected, while he was in captivity, a representative from Kentucky in the Thirtieth Congress as a Whig, receiving 7,496 votes against 7,382 votes for Lucius Desha, Democrat, and serving from December 6, 1847, to March 3, 1849 ; was appoint ed by President Fillmore governor of the Territory of Oregon, serving 1850- 1853; ^remained in Oregon, and died there in 1858. Gaither, Nathan, was born at Columbia, Ken tucky, in 1785 ; received a classical education ; studied medicine, and practised at Columbia ; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1815-1818; was a presidential elector on the Jackson and Cal- houn ticket in 1829; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Twenty-first and Twenty- second Congresses as a Jackson Democrat, defeating Martin Beatty, serving from December 7, 1829, to March 2, 1833; was a delegate to the State Constitu tional Convention in 1849; was a presidential elector on the Bell and Everett ticket in 1861 ; and died at Columbia, Kentucky, in 1862. Galbraith, John, was born at Franklin, Penn sylvania; received an academic education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice at Franklin ; was a member of the State House of Representatives for several terms; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty- third Congress as a Democrat, and was re-elected to the Twenty-fourth Congress, serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1837; was again elected to the Twenty-sixth Congress, receiving 6,189 votes against 5,918 votes for David Dick, Whig, serving from De cember 2, 1839, to March 3, 1841; was appointed president-judge for the Sixth Judicial District; and died at Erie, Pennsylvania, June 15, 1860. Gale, George, was born in Maryland, and re ceived an academic education; and was elected a representative from that State in the First Congress, serving from March 4, 1789, to March 3, 1791. Gale, Levin, was born in Maryland, and resided at Elkton; received a public-school education; he was elected a representative from Maryland in the Twentieth Congress, serving from December 3, 1827, to March 3, 1829. Gallatin, Albert, was born at Geneva, Switzer land, January 29, 1761; received a classical educa tion, graduating at the University of Geneva in 1779; declined a military commission offered him by the landgrave of Hesse-Cassel ; sailed from Brest, and landed at Boston July 14, 1780; served with a body of Revolutionary troops at Machias, Maine; was in structor of French at Harvard College in 1782 ; prose cuted the claim of a European house against the State of Virginia at Richmond 1783-1784; purchased a large tract of land in Fayette County, Pennsyl vania (then under the jurisdiction of Virginia), settled there, and became a naturalized citizen in 1785; was a member of the Pennsylvania Constitu tional Convention of 1789 ; was elected to the State House of Representatives 1790-1792; was elected to the United-States Senate as a Democrat, and at tempted to take his seat December 2, 1793, but it was urged that he had not been naturalized a suf ficient length of time to be eligible, and his election was declared void February 28, 1794; he was again elected a member of the State House of Representa tives, but declined ; was the counsel of the "Whiskey- Insurrection " leaders; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Fourth Congress as a Democrat, defeating H. M. Brackenridge ; was re- elected to the Fifth Congress, and re-elected to the Sixth Congress, serving from December 7, 1795, until March 3, 1801; was appointed secretary of the treas ury by President Jefferson January 26, 1802; was re-appointed by President Madison, and held the office until February 9, 1814, when he was appointed one of the joint ministers plenipotentiary to nego tiate the Treaty of Ghent, which was signed Decem ber 24, 1814; was one of the commission which nego tiated a commercial convention with Great Britain in 1815 ; was minister plenipotentiary to France from February 28, 1815, until May 16, 1823, within which time he was deputed to the Netherlands in 1817, and to Great Britain in 1818; was minister plenipoten tiary to Great Britain from May 10, 1826, until Octo ber 4, 1827; returned to New- York City; became president of the National Bank, and identified him self with historical, literary, and scientific pursuits; he died at the residence of his son-in-law, at Astoria, August 12, 1849. STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 405 GallegOS, Jose M., was born in Rio Arriba County, New Mexico, November 14, 1815 ; was edu cated at the public schools of Santa Fe and the Academy of Taos ; studied philosophy and theology at the College of Durango, republic of Mexico, where he graduated in 1840 ; was a member of the Legislative As sembly of what was then the department of New Mex ico, republic of Mexico, in 1843-1846 ; was a member of the First Legislative Assembly of the Territory of New Mexico, United States, in 1850 and 1851 ; was elected a delegate from the Territory of New Mexico in the Thirty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 539 majority over Lane, Whig; and was re-elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress, serving from December 5, 1853; his election was successfully contested by Miguel A. Otero, who took his seat July 23, 1856 ; was speaker of the Territorial House of Representa tives in 1860, 1861, and 1862; was quartermaster- general of the Territorial militia, and treasurer of the Territory for five years ; was made prisoner of war by the Texas Confederate troops under General Sibley in 1862, and subjected to a very rigorous con finement; was superintendent of Indian affairs in New Mexico in 1868; and was elected delegate to the Forty-second Congress as a Democrat, receiving a majority of 2,500 votes over J. F. Chaves, Republican, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1873. Galloway, Joseph, was born in Maryland in 1730; received a classical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Philadel phia; was a member of the Pennsylvania Colonial House of Representatives in 1764 ; was a delegate from Pennsylvania to the Continental Congress 1775 ; remained loyal to the king, joined the British army in New York in December, 1775, and went in 1778 to England, where he died August 29, 1803. He published a number of political pamphlets. Galloway, Samuel, was born at Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, March 20, 1811; removed in 1830 to Highland County, Ohio; received a classical educa tion, graduating at Miami University in 1833; was professor of Greek at Miami University, and after wards professor of languages at South-Hanover Col lege, Indiana; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1842, and commenced practice in partnership with N. Massie at Chillicothe, Ohio ; was elected secretary of state, and removed to Columbus, Ohio, in 1844; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirty- fourth Congress as a Republican, receiving 9,698 votes against 6,930 votes for Edson B. Olds, Demo crat ; was a candidate for re-election to the Thirty- fifth Congress, but was defeated, receiving 8,582 votes against 8,938 votes for S. S. Cox, Democrat, and 851 votes for Stanberry ; was again a candidate for election to the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving 10,131 rotes against 11,014 votes for S. S. Cox; rendered important legal services to the "War Depart ment of the United States during the war for the suppression of the Rebellion ; was a leading delegate at meetings of the Presbyterian Church; died at Co lumbus, Ohio, April 5, 1872. Gallup, Albert, was born at New Berne, New York; received a public-school education; was sheriff of Albany County 1831-1834; was elect ed a representative from New York in the Twenty- fifth Congress as a Democrat, serving from Septem ber 4, 1837, to March 3, 1839; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Twenty-sixth Congress, receiving 5, 145 votes against 5,680 votes for D. D. Barnard, Whig; was appointed by President Polk collector of customs at Albany; and died at Provi dence, Rhode Island, in 1851. Gamble, James, was born in Lycoming County, Pennsylvania; received a public-school education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and com menced practice at Jersey Shore ; was elected a rep resentative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-second Congress as a Democrat, receiving 6,832 votes against 6,172 votes for Armstrong, Whig; and was re-elected to the Thirty-third Congress, receiving 8,742 votes , against 6,026 votes for Irwin, Whig, serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1855. Gamble, Roger L., was born in Jefferson Coun ty, Georgia; received a thorough English education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Louisville; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Twenty-third Congress as a State- rights Democrat, receiving 23,632 votes against 18,475 votes for Harris, Whig, and serving from De cember 2, 1833, to March 3, 1835; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Twenty-fourth Congress, receiving 27,947 votes against 30,811 votes for J. F. Cleveland, Union candidate; was again elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress as a Har rison Whig, receiving 39,254 votes against 35,311 votes for Alfred Iverson, Van Buren Democrat, and serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1843; was defeated as the Whig candidate for the Twenty- eighth Congress, receiving 33,249 votes against 35,307 votes for John B. Lamar, Democrat ; was a judge of the Superior Court of Georgia; and died at Louis ville, Georgia, December 20, 1847. Gannett, Barzillai, was born inMassaclmsetts; received a classical education, graduating at Harvard College in 1785; studied law, and was admitted to the bar; was for four years a member of the State House of Representatives; was elected a represen tative from Massachusetts in the Eleventh Congress, serving from May 22, 1809, to March 3, 1811. Gansevoort, Leonard, was born at Albany, New York, and represented that State in the Con tinental Congress, serving 1787-1788. Ganson, John, was born at Le Roy, New York, January 1, 1818; received a classical education, graduating at Harvard College in 1839; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Buffalo; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1862; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 12,400 votes against 8,985 votes for Spauld- ing, Union, and serving from December 7, 1863, to March 3, 1865 ; was a delegate to the National Re publican Convention at Baltimore in 1864; and died at Buffalo, New York, September 28, 1874. Gardenier, Barent, was born in Ulster County, New York; received an academic education; held several local offices; was elected a representative from New York in the Tenth Congress as a Federal ist, and was re-elected to the Eleventh Congress, re ceiving a majority of 500 votes over W. Denning, Democrat, serving from October 26, 1807, to March 3, 1811 ; and died at Kingston, Ulster County, Janu ary 10, 1822. Gardner, Francis, was born at Leominster, Massachusetts, December 27, 1771; received a clas sical education, graduating at Harvard College; studied theology, and was the pastor of a church in New Hampshire ; was elected a representative from New Hampshire in the Tenth Congress, serving from October 26, 1807, to March 3, 1809 ; and died at Rox- bury, Massachusetts, June 25, 1835. Gardner, Gideon, was born in Massachusetts; received a public-school education ; was elected a rep resentative from Massachusetts in the Eleventh Con- ress, serving from May 22, 1809, to March 3, 1811. Gardner, Joseph, was born in Pennsylvania, and represented that State in the Continental Con- ress 1784-1785. Gardner, Mills, was born in Russcllville, Brown County, Ohio, January 30, 1830 ; removed to Fayette County in 1854; received a common-school education ; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1855, and commenced practice at Washington Court House; was prosecuting-attorney of Faycttc County for four years ; was a member of the State Senate of Ohio in 1862-1864; was a presidential elector on the Lincoln ticket in 1864; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1863-1868; was a member of the State Constitutional Convention of Ohio in 1873 ; and was elected to the Forty-fifth Congress as a Repub- 406 CONGRESSIONAL DIEECTOEY. lican, receiving 16,549 votes against 16,098 votes for John S. Savage, Democrat. Garfield, James A., was born in Orange, Cuya- hoga County, Ohio, November 19, 1831 ; graduated at "Williams College, Massachusetts, in 1856; was president of a literary institution for several years ; studied and practised law; was a member of the State Senate of Ohio in 1859 and I860 ; entered the Union army in 1861 as colonel of the Forty-second Ohio Volunteers ; was promoted to the rank of briga dier-general January 10, 1862; was appointed chief of staff of the Army of the Cumberland, and was promoted to the rank of major-general September 20, 1863 ; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Republican, receiving 13,288 votes against 6,763 votes for Wood, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiv ing 18,086 votes against 6,315 votes for H. H. Moses, Democrat ; was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, receiving 18,362 votes against 7,376 votes for Cool- man, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress, receiving 20,187 votes against 9,759 votes for McEwen, Democrat ; was re-elected to the Forty- second Congress, receiving 13,538 votes against 7,263 votes for Howard, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress, receiving 19,189 votes against 8,245 votes for M. Sutliff, Liberal Republican; was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Congress as a Repub lican, receiving 12,591 votes against 6,245 votes for Woods, and 391 votes for Price, Prohibitionist; and was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 20,012 votes against 11,349 votes for Casern, Demo crat, serving from December 7, 1863. Garfielde, Selucius, was born in Shoreham, Vermont, December 8, 1822; removed to Kentucky in early life; finished his collegiate course at Au gusta College ; read law, and was admitted to the bar; in 1849 was elected a member of the convention to revise the State Constitution, and spent the follow ing year in South-American travel ; emigrated to California in 1851; was elected a member of the legislature of that State in 1852, and in 1853 was selected by that body to codify the laws of the State; returned to Kentucky in 1854 ; was a member of the Cincinnati National Convention in 1856, and an elector during that canvass ; removed to Washington Territory in 1857, where he filled the position of re ceiver of public moneys to 1860; in 1861 he was nom inated for Congress, but beaten by the secession wing of the Democratic party ; w r as surveyor-general from 1866 to 1869, when he was elected a delegate from Washington Territory in the Forty-first Con gress as a Republican, receiving 2,743 votes against 2,595 votes for Moore, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress, receiving 3,469 votes against 2,734 votes for Mix, Democrat, serving from March 4, 1869, to March 3, 1873. Garland, Augustus H., was bom in Tipton County, Tennessee, June 11, 1832 ; in 1833 his parents removed to Arkansas ; received a classical education at St. Mary s College and St. Joseph s College in Kentucky; studied law, and was admitted to prac tice in 1853 at Washington, Arkansas, where he then lived; in 1856 he removed to Little Rock; was a delegate to the State Convention that passed the ordinance of secession in 1861 ; was a member of the Provisional Congress that met at Montgomery, Ala bama, in May, 1861, and subsequently of the Con federate Congress, serving in both Houses, and being in the Senate when the war closed ; was elected to the United-States Senate from Arkansas for the term beginning March 4, 1867, but was not admitted to his seat; made the test-oath case as to lawyers in the Supreme Court of the United States, and gained it (see Garland ex parti, 4 Wallace); followed the practice of law until the fall of 1874, when he was elected governor of Arkansas without opposition; was elected in January, 1867, by the legislature of Arkansas, without opposition, to the United-States Senate, as a Democrat (to succeed Powell Clayton, Republican), and took his seat March 5, 1877. His term of service will expire March 3, 1883. Garland, David S., was born in Virginia; re ceived an academic education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Eleventh Congress (in place of Wilson C. Nicholas, resigned) as a Democrat, serving from January 17, 1310, to March 3, 1811 ; died at his home in Virginia October 7, 1841. Garland, James, was born in Nelson County, Virginia, in 1792 ; received a thorough English edu cation; studied law; was admitted to the bar. and practised at Lovingston ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1829; was elected a rep resentative from Virginia in the Twenty-fourth Con gress as a Democrat, receiving 6,690 votes against 6,300 votes for W. F. Gordon, Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-fifth and Twenty-sixth Congresses, serving from December 7, 1835, to March 3, 1841; removed to Lynchburg, and was judge of the Hust ings Court of that city for many years, having reached his eighty-fourth birthday, when he was last re-elected by the legislature of Virginia, in March, 1876. Garland, Rice, was born in Virginia; received an academic education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Opelousas, Louisiana; was elected a representative from Louisi ana in the Twenty-third Congress (in place of Henry A. Bullard, resigned) as a Whig, defeating J. Craw ford ; was re-elected to the Twenty-fourth Congress, defeating Robert Triplet; was re-elected to the Twenty-fifth and Twenty-Sixth Congresses without opposition, serving from April 28, 1834, to July 21, 1840, when he resigned, having been appointed judge of the Supreme Court of Louisiana. Garnett, James M., was born at Elmwood, Essex County, Virginia, June 8, 1770; received an academic education; served several terms in the State House of Representatives; was elected a rep resentative from Virginia in the Ninth Congress, and was re-elected to the Tenth Congress, serving from December 2, 1805, to March 3, 1809; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention in 1829; was president of the Fredericksburg Agricul tural Society for upwards of twenty years ; and died at Elmwood, Virginia, May 7, 1843. Garnett, Muscoe R. H., was born in Essex County, Virginia; received a classical education, graduating at the University of Virginia; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice at Lovett s, Virginia; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention in 1850; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1853-1856; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Thirty- fourth Congress (in place of Thomas H. Bayly, de ceased) as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty- filth Congress, receiving 1,112 majority over ditcher, American ; and was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Con gress without opposition, serving from December 1, 1856, to March 3, 1861 ; was a delegate to the National Democratic Conventions at Baltimore in 1852, and at Cincinnati in 1856; was a member from Virginia of the First Confederate Congress. Garnett, Robert S., was born in Essex County, Virginia; received an academic education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice at Lloyd s; was elected a representative from Vir ginia in the Fifteenth Congress as a Democrat; Avas re-elected to the Sixteenth, Seventeenth, Eighteenth, and Nineteenth Congresses, serving from December 1, 1817, to March 3, 1827. Garnsey, Daniel G., was born in Saratoga County, New York; received a liberal education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and com menced practice at Pomfret, New York; was district- attorney of Chautauqua County from June 11, 1818, to March 4, 1825 ; was elected a representative from New York in the Nineteenth Congress by 2,000 STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 407 majority as a Jackson Democrat, and re-elected to the Twentieth Congress, serving from December 5, 1825, to March 3, 1829; removed to Kock Island, Illinois; was president of the Harrison celebration at Galena July 4, 1840. Garrett, Abraham B., was born in Overton March 0, 1830 ; received his early education in country schools, and was afterward at Poplar-spring College, Kentucky; studied law, but was by occupation a farmer; served in the Union army during the war; was elected to the Lower House of the legislature of Tennessee in 1865, and to the State Senate in 18G7; and was elected a representative from Tennessee in the Forty-second Congress as a Democrat, receiving 9,675 votes against 4,116 votes for W. H. Stokes, Republican, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1873. Garrison, Daniel, was born at Salem, New Jersey ; received an academic education ; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Eighteenth Congress ; was re-elected to the Nineteenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1823, to March 3, 1827. Garrow, Nathaniel, received a public-school education; resided at Auburn; was elected a repre sentative from New York in the Twentieth Congress as a Jackson Democrat, serving from December 3, 1827, to March 3, 1829. Garth. William "W., was brn in Morgan County. Alabama; received a classical education at La Grange, and at Emory and Henry College, Vir ginia; studied law at the University of Virginia; was admitted to the bar, and practised atHuntsville, Alabama; and was elected to the Forty-fifth Con gress as a Democrat, receiving 14,529 votes against 8,910 votes for McClellan, Independent Democrat. Gartrell, Lucius J., was born near Washing ton, Georgia, January 7, 1821 ; received a classical education, which was completed at Randolph-Macon College, Virginia, and Franklin College, Georgia; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Atlanta, Georgia; was elected by the State legisla ture in 1843 solicitor-general of the Northern Judicial Circuit, and resigned in 1847; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1847-1850; was a presidential elector on the Buchanan and Breckin- ridge ticket in 1856; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Demo crat, receiving 8,008 votes against 6,939 votes for M. M. Tidwell, American ; and was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving 8,877 votes against 6,053 votes for Wright, Opposition, serving from December 7, 1857, to January 23, 1861, when he re tired from the House, and gave his adherence to the Southern Confederacy; was a representative from Georgia in the First Confederate Congress ; was ap pointed in 1864 brigadier-general in the Confederate service, and placed in command of the Second Brigade of Georgia Reserves. Garvin, William S., was born at Mercer, Pennsylvania; received an academic education; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-ninth Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1847. Gaston, William, was born at New Berne, North Carolina, September 19, 1778; received a classical education; was a student at Georgetown (District of Columbia) College, and graduated at Princeton Col lege 1790; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1798, and attained the head of the legal profession in the State ; was a member of the State Senate in.lSOO ; was a member of the House of Commons of North Carolina in 1808, 1809, serving the first year as speaker; was a presidential elector in 1809; was elected a representative in the Thirteenth Congress as an anti-administration candidate, and was re- elected to the Fourteenth Congress, serving from May 24. 1813, until March 3, 1817; was again elected to the House of Commons of North Carolina (to fill a vacancy) in 1827; was elected judge of the Supreme Court of North Carolina in 1834, and held the posi tion until his death; was a member of the Constitu tional Convention of 1835; declined a nomination to the United-States Senate in 1840 ; and died at Raleigh, North Carolina, January 23, 1844. Gates, Seth Merrill, was born at Winfield, New York, October 16, 1800; received a public-school education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1827, and commenced practice at Le Roy, New York ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1832, and declined are-election; purchased "The Le Roy Gazette " in 1838, and edited it for several years ; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-sixth Congress as an antislavery Whig, receiving 6,033 votes against 3,202 votes for William Mitchell, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress, receiving 6,970 votes against 3,881 votes for John B. Skinner, Democrat, serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1843; provoked the enmity of the Southern people by franking to their governors and other public men the address adopted at the London World s Anti- slavery Convention, and a reward of five hundred dollars was at one time offered for his delivery on a Southern plantation; was defeated as the Free-soil candidate for lieutenant-governor in 1848; and died atLe Roy, New York, September 1, 1877. Gatlin, Alfred M., was born at Edenton, North Carolina; received a classical education, graduating at the University of North Carolina; was elected a representative from North Carolina in the Eighteenth Congress, receiving 2,407 votes against 2,139 votes for Lemuel Sawyer. Gaunt, E. "W., was born in Tennessee March 17, 1832; received an English education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice in Arkansas in 1850 ; was elected a representa tive from Arkansas in the Thirty-sixth Congress as an Independent Democrat, receiving 16,509 votes against 13,007 votes for C. B. Mitchell, regular Demo crat, but never took his seat; entered the Confeder ate army as colonel of the Twelfth Arkansas In fantry; was promoted brigadier-general, and placed in command at Fort Thompson, Missouri; was ap pointed in 1873 a commissioner to revise and codify the statutes of Arkansas ; was the commissioner from Arkansas to the Centennial Exhibition ; and died in Arkansas June 10, 1874. Gause, Lucien C., was born in Brunswick County, North Carolina, December 25, 1838; removed with his father to Lauderdale County, Tennessee, when young ; received his primary education at the public schools there, and was subsequently at the University of Virginia; studied law at Cumberland University, Tennessee; graduated there, and com menced practice at Jacksonport, Arkansas, in 1859; entered the Confederate army in 1861, and served throughout the war, attaining the rank of colonel of the Thirty-second Arkansas Infanty ; resumed prac tice at Jacksonport in 1865; was elected a member of the State legislature in 1866 ; was appointed one of the commissioners to represent the State Govern ment at Washington; was elected to the Forty-third Congress, but his competitor was permitted to oc cupy the seat without any action on the case ; was elected a representative from Arkansas in the Forty- fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 9,211 votes against 5,183 votes for W. H. Rogers, Republican; and was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, re ceiving 15,841 votes against 404 votes scattering, serving from December 6, 1875. Gayarre, Charles A. E., was born at New Or leans, Louisiana, January 3, 1805 ; received a classi cal education, which was completed at the New- Orleans College; studied law at Philadelphia with William Rawle; was admitted to the bar in 1829, and commenced practice at New Orleans ; w r as elected to the State House of Representatives in 1830 ; was appointed attorney-general in 1831 ; was appointed presiding judge of the City Court of New Orleans in 1833; was elected a United-States senator from 408 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTOR!. Louisiana in 1834 as a Jackson Democrat, but the state of his health obliged him to resign before tak ing his seat in the Twenty-fourth Congress, and to travel abroad; returning to New Orleans, he was a~ain elected, in 1$43, a representative from Louisi ana in the Twenty-ninth Congress as a Democrat, but resigned before taking his seat, having been elected secretary of state for Louisiana, which position he held 1846-1853. He published "An Historical Essay on Louisiana" 1830, a "History of Louisiana" 1847, " Eomance of the History of Louisiana" 1848, "Spanish Domination in Louisi ana" 1854, "French Domination in Louisiana" 1851 and 1854, " The School of Politics" 1854, and a number of historical and political essays. Gayle, John, was born in Sumter District, South Carolina, September 11, 1792; received a classical education, graduating at the South-Caro lina University; studied Law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Mobile, Alabama, in 1813 ; was a member of the Territorial Legislature in 1817 ; was appointed solicitor of the First Judicial District in 1819 ; was elected judge of the State Su preme Court in 1823; was a member of the State House of Representatives, and its speaker, in 1829 ; was governor of Alabama 1831-1835 ; was defeated as a candidate for presidential elector on the Harrison ticket in 183(3, and again in 1840; was elected a representative from Alabama in the Thirtieth Con gress as a Whig, receiving 5,050 votes against 4,490 votes for John T. Taylor, Democrat, and serving from December 6, 1847, to March 3, 1849 ; was ap pointed judge of the United-States Court for the District of Alabama in 1849 ; and died near Mobile July 28, 1859. Gaylord, James M., was born in Ohio; re ceived an academic education; resided at MacCon- nellsville ; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirty-second Congress, receiving 5,744 votes against 5,098 votes for Fink, Whig, serving from De cember 1, 1851, to March 3, 1853. ^Gazley, James W., was born in New York in 1784; received an academic education; removed to Ohio early in life, and settled in Cincinnati; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Eighteenth Congress as a Jackson Free-States man, defeating William Henry Harrison, an Adams Conservative, and serving from December 1, 1823, to March 3, 1825; became unpopular on account of his vote to reduce the national donation to Lafayette, and was defeated as a candidate for re-election to the Nineteenth Con gress by James Fiudlay; and died at Cincinnati July 12, 1874. Gebhard, John, was born at Claverack, New York ; received a public-school education ; was elect ed a representative from New York in the Seven teenth Congress, serving from December 3, 1821, to March 3, 1823. Geddes, James, was born near Carlisle, Penn sylvania, July 22, 1703 ; received a public-school edu cation; removed to the State of New York, and settled at Onondaga, where he established salt works in 1794; was elected justice of the peace in 1800 ; was a member of the State House of Repre sentatives in 1804, and again in 1821 ; was an asso ciate justice of the County Court in 1809; was a judge of the Court of Common Pleas in 1809; was elected a representative from New York in the Thir teenth Congress as a Federalist, and served from May 24, 1813, to March 2, 1815; was appointed chief engineer of the Ohio Canal in 1822, and an engineer on the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal in 1827 ; and died August 19, 1838. Gentry, Meredith P., was born in North Caro lina in 1811; received an academic education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and com menced practice at Franklin, Tennessee ; was a mem ber of the State House of Representatives 1835-1839 ; was elected a representative from Tennessee in the Twenty-sixth Congress as a Whig, receiving 3,245 votes against 2,744 votes foi William G-. Childress, Democrat ; and was re-elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress, serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1843 ; was again elected to the Twenty-ninth Con gress, defeating Jacilson, Democrat; was re-elected to tlie Thirtieth Congress; was re-elected to the Thirty-first Congress, receiving 5,766 votes, without any regular opposition; and was re-elected to the Thirty-second Congress without opposition, serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1853; was a member from Tennessee of the First Confederate Congress ; and died November 3, 1866. German, Obadiah, was born in Dutchess Coun ty, New York, in 1767 ; received an academic educa tion; removed in 1792 to Norwich, Chenango County, New York; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1798, 1804, 1805, 1807, 1808, 1809 ; was elected a United-States senator from New York as a Democrat, serving from May 22, 1809, to March 2, 1815; voted against declaring war with Great Britain, but, after hostilities had been com menced, did all in his power to support the war meas ures of the administration; was again elected a member of the State House of Representatives in 1819, and chosen speaker; was for some years first judge of Chenango County, loan commissioner, and brigadier-general; became a zealous Whig; and died at Norwich September 24, 1842. Gerry, Elbridge (grandfather of Elbridge Gerry), was born at Marblehead, Massachusetts, July 17, 1744; received a classical education, graduating at Harvard College in 1762 ; engaged in mercantile and maritime pursuits; was a member of the Colonial House of Representatives 1772-1775 ; was a delegate from Massachusetts to the Continental Congress from February 9, 1776, to February, 1780, and from 1783 to September, 1785; was a delegate to the con vention which framed the Constitution of the United States, and one of those who refused to afiix their signatures to the instrument adopted ; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the First Con gress as a Federalist (defeating Gorham, Democrat, on second trial), and was re-elected to the Second Congress, serving from March 4, 1789, to March 2, 1793; was sent to France on a special mission in 1797; was defeated as Democratic candidate for gov ernor in 1798 and 1801 ; was elected in 1810 and 1811, and was defeated in 1812; was elected Vice-Presi- dent of the United States in 1812 as a Democrat, re ceiving 131 electoral votes against 86 electoral votes for Jared Ingersoll; and died while in office, at Washington City, November 23, 1814. Gerry, Elbridge (grandson of Elbridge Gerry), was born at Waterford, Maine, December 6, 1815; received an academic education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1839, an 1 1 commenced practice at Waterford, Maine; was clerk of the State House of Representatives in 1840; was appointed State s at torney for Oxford County in 1842, and elected in 1843 ; was a member of the State House of Repre sentatives in 1846; was elected a representative from Maine in the Thirty-first Congress as a Cass Demo crat, receiving 5,897 votes against 3,934 votes for Jameson, Whig, and 840 votes for D. Gerry, Van Buren Democrat, and serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1851; removed to Portland, Maine, where he practised his profession. Gerry, James, was born in Maryland ; received an academic education; removed to Pennsylvania, and settled at Shrewsbury ; was elected a representa tive from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-sixth Con gress as a Democrat, receiving 4,195 votes against 3,221 votes for C. A. Barnitz, Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress, serving from De cember 2, 1839, to March 3, 1843. Gervais, John L., was born in South Carolina, and represented that State in the Continental Con gress, serving 1782-1783. Getz, J. Lawrence, was born at Reading, Pennsylvania, September 14, 1821; received an aca- STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 409 demic education; studied and practised law; has been for twenty-five years editor of " The Reading Gazette and Democrat; " was a member of the State legislature of Pennsylvania in 1856 and 1857, serving the last year as speaker of the House; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Fortieth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 13,188 votes against 6,999 votes for Lincoln, Republican ; was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress, receiving 13,738 votes against 7,472 votes for Eckert, Republican; was re- elected to the Forty-second Congress, receiving 10,411 votes against 5,045 votes for N. Hunter, Republican, servinglrom March 4, 1867, to March 3, 1873. Geyer, Henry S., was born in Frederick County, Maryland, in 1793 ; received an academic education ; removed to Missouri early in life, and settled at St. Louis ; served as captain of militia in the last war against Great Britain ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and practised at St. Louis ; was a delegate to the convention which framed a State constitution in 1820 ; was a member of the State House of Repre sentatives 1820-1824, serving during the last term as speaker; was elected a United-States senator from Missouri on the fortieth ballot by the legislature, re ceiving 80 votes against 55 votes for T. H. Benton, and 20 scattering, serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1857 ; was one of the counsel in the Dred Scott case while he was a senator; and died at St. Louis March 5, 1859. Gholson, James H., was born in Virginia in 1798; received an academic education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Percival s; was elected a representative from Vir ginia in the Twenty-third Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1835 ; and died at Brunswick, Virginia, July 2, 1848. Gholson, Samuel J., was born in Virginia; re ceived a classical education; studied law; was ad mitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Athens, Mississippi ; was elected a representative from Mis sissippi in the Twenty-fourth Congress (in place of David Dickson, deceased) as a Democrat; was re- elected to the Twenty-fifth Congress, serving from January 7, 1837, to January 31, 1838, when his seat was declared vacant by the House; was appointed United-States district-judge for the district of Mis sissippi in 1839; took an active part in the Rebellion; was appointed, June 1, 1804, brigadier-general in the Confederate service, commanding a brigade of cav alry in the Department of Alabama, Mississippi, and East Louisiana. Gholson, Thomas, was born in Virginia ; re ceived an academic education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Brunswick County, Virginia; was elected a repre sentative from Virginia in the Tenth Congress (in place of John Claiborne, deceased) as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Eleventh, Twelfth, Thirteenth, and Fourteenth Congresses, serving from November 7, 1808, to July 4, 1810, when he died in Brunswick County, Virginia. Gibbons, "William, was born in Georgia, and represented that State in the Continental Congress 1784-1786. Gibson, James King, was born in Abington, Virginia, February 18, 1812; received a common- school education, and was brought up in a store; went to Limestone County, Alabama, in 1833, and engaged in mercantile pursuits ; returned to Virginia, and was deputy-sheriff of Washington County in 1834, and again in 1835 ; was a merchant in Abing ton from 1835 until 1840; was postmaster at Abing ton (a distributing office) from 1838 until 1849 by the appointments of Presidents Van Buren, Tyler, and Polk ; was appointed teller and clerk in the branch of the Exchange Bank of Virginia at Abington in 1849, also notary-public, and held all these offices until after the war, when he became a farmer ; and w r as elected a representative from Virginia in the Forty-first Congress as a Democrat, receiving 14,508 votes against 5,966 votes for Smith, Radical, serving from January 28, 1870, to March 3, 1871. Gibson, Randall Lee, was born September 10, 1832, at Spring Hill, Woodford County, Kentucky (the residence of Nathaniel Hart, his grandfather), where his parents were on a visit from their home in Terre-Bonne Parish, Louisiana; was educated by a private tutor at " Live-Oak Plantation," his father s homestead ; at Yale College, where he graduated in 1853; at the University of Louisiana, from the law department of which he received a diploma in 1855 ; and in Europe, where he was engaged in study and travel for three years ; was a planter when the civil war began in 1861 ; joined the Confederate army as a private soldier, and was promoted to the command of a company, regiment, brigade, and division ; after the war, he began and continues the pcactice of law in the city of New Orleans, and is also a sugar- planter; was elected to the Forty-third Congress from the Second District by a large majority, but was counted out by the "Lynch Board;" was elected a representative from Louisiana in the Forty-fourth Congress from the First District (which had been extended to embrace his residence) as a Conserva tive Democrat, receiving 15,720 votes against 11.121 votes for J. H. Sypher, Republican; and was re- elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 14,876 votes against 11,978 votes for William M. Burwell, Republican, serving from December 6, 1875. Giddings, De Witt C., was born in Susque- hanna County, Pennsylvania, July 18, 1827 ; received an academic education; studied law at Honesdale, Pennsylvania, and, removing to Texas, was admitted to the bar there in 1852; practised at Brenham until the commencement of hostilities; entered the Con federate service, and served until the close of the war; was a member of the State Constitutional Con vention of 1866, and was elected a representative from Texas in the Forty-second Congress as a Demo crat, receiving 25,391 votes against 19,460 votes for W. T. Clark, Radical. Mr. Clark received the cer tificate of election, but Mr. Giddings contested the seat, and was admitted by a vote of the House May 13, 1872 ; was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress, serving from May 13, 1872, to March 3, 1875; was again elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 15,286 votes against 13,277 votes for G. W. Jones, In dependent Republican, serving from October 15. 1877. Giddings, Joshua Reed, was born at Tioga Point (now Athens), Pennsylvania, October 6, 1795; was taken by his parents to Canandaigua, New York, the next year, and in 1806 to Ashtabula County, Ohio; served in the Ohio militia in 1812 in the war against Great Britain, and took part in the battle of Sandusky ; taught school, and acquired a good educa tion ; studied law with Elisha Whittlesey ; was ad mitted to the bar in 1821, and commenced practice at Jefferson, Ohio; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1826, declining a re election in 1827; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Twenty-fifth Congress as an antislavery Whig (to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Elisha Whittlesey) ; was re-elected to the Twenty- sixth and Twenty-seventh Congresses, but resigned after the passage of a vote of censure on him by the House, serving from December 3, 1838, to March 22, 1842 ; was again elected to the Twenty-seventh Con gress by a majority of 3,000; was re-elected to the Twenty-eighth Congress, receiving 6,140 votes against 3,757 votes for Ranney, Democrat, and 797 votes for Wade, Abolition; was re-elected to the Twenty-ninth and Thirtieth Congresses; was re-elected to the Thirty-first Congress as a Free-soil candidate, receiv ing 5,879 votes against 3,155 votes for White, Whig; was re-elected to the Thirty-second Congress, receiv ing 6,896 votes against 1,716 votes for Kelly, Whig; was re-elected to "the Thirty-third Congress, receiving 5,752 votes against 4,427 votes for Woods, Free-Soil, and 4,179 votes for Newton, Whig; was re-elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress, receiving 6,972 votes 410 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. against 3,782 votes for Lee; and was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving 9,567 votes against 4,795 votes for Burchard, Democrat, serving from December 5, 1842, to March 3, 1859; was appointed by President Lincoln consul-general of Canada; and died suddenly of apoplexy at Montreal May 27, 1864. He published a work on Florida, and a " History of the Great Rebellion." Gilbert, Abijah, was born at Gilbertsville, Ot- sego County, New York, June 18, 1806, being the eldest of a family of eighteen children ; was a student at Hamilton College, New York; but, ill health pre venting his engaging in professional pursuits, he became quite extensively engaged in mercantile operations in New- York City and other places in dif ferent States of the Union ; he was an Old-Line Whig, and, since the inception of the Republican party, its ardent supporter ; having retired from active business- pursuits, and removed to Florida for the health of his family, he was elected to the United-States Sen ate as a Republican by more than a full party vote (in place of A. S. Welch, Republican), and served from March 4, 1869, to March 3, 1875. Gilbert, Edward, was born in the State of New York; received a public-school education; removed to California, and located at San Francisco; was elected a representative from California in the Thirty-first Congress as a Democrat, serving from September 11, 1850, to March 3, 1851; returned to California, and practised law; was shot in a duel by General J. W. Denver in 1862. Gilbert, Ezekiel, was born at Middletown, Con necticut, in 1755; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1778; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Hudson, New York; was elected a representative from New York in the Third Congress; was re- elected to the Fourth Congress, serving from De cember 2, 1793, to March 3, 1797; was stricken by paralysis in 1812 ; and, after thirty years of suffering, died at Hudson, New York, July 11, 1842. Gilbert, Sylvester, was born at Hebron, Con necticut, in 1756; received a classical education, graduating at Dartmouth College in 1775; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1777, and com menced practice at Hebron; was a member of the Colonial House of Representatives in 1780; was State s attorney for Tolland County 1786-1807; was chief judge of the County Court and judge of the Court of Probat* 1807-1818; was the principal of a law school 1810-1818; was elected a representative from Connecticut in the Fifteenth Congress (in place of Uriel Holmes, resigned), serving from November 16, 1818, to March 3, 1819; was again chief judge of the County Court and judge of the Court of Probate 1820-1825; was elected to the State House of Repre sentatives in 1826 ; and died at Hebron, Connecticut, January 16, 1846. Gilbert, William A., was born in Connecticut; received a public-school education; removed to Rochester County, New York; was elected a repre sentative from New York in the Thirty-fourth Con gress as a Whig, receiving 6,251 votes against 1,513 votes for Brown, Democrat, and 5,645 votes for Ives, Democrat, and serving from December 3, 1855, to February 27, 1857, when he resigned. Giles, John, was born in Rowan County, North Carolina, July 16, 1788; received a classical educa tion, graduating at the University of North Carolina in 1808; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised for more than thirty years at Salisbury; was elected a representative in the Twenty-first Con gress, but declined serving on account of ill health ; was a member of the State Constitutional Conven tion in 1835; and died at Stanly Court House, North Carolina, while there on professional business, March 2, 1846. Giles, William Branch, was born in Amelia County, Virginia, August 12, 1762; received a classi cal education; graduated at Princetoa College in 1781 ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar, but only practised a few years ; was chosen a presidential elector on the Jefferson ticket in 1801 ; was elected as a Democrat to the First Congress (in place of Theodore Bland, deceased) ; re-elected to the Second, Third, Fourth, and Fifth Congresses, serving from December 6, 1790, to March 3, 1799, when lie re signed ; was again elected to the Seventh Congress, serving from December 7, 1801, to March 3, 1803; was appointed United-States senator (in place of Abraham B. Venable, resigned); took his seat No vember 5, 1804, and was then elected United-States senator (in place of Wilson Gary Nicholas, resigned), serving from March 5, 1804, to March 3, 1815,"when he resigned ; was elected to the Lower House of the Virginia legislature; was governor of Virginia from 1826 until 1829; and died in Albemarle County, Virginia, December 4, 1830. He published a num ber of political pamphlets. Giles, William Fell, was born in Harford County. Maryland, April 8, 1807; received an aca demic education; studied law with Judge Purviance ; was admitted to the bar in 1829, and commenced practice at Baltimore ; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Twenty-ninth Congress as a Democrat, defeating John P. Kennedy, Whig, serv ing from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1847; was appointed United-States district-judge by President Pierce. Gilfillan, Calvin W., was born near Newcastle, Pennsylvania, February 20, 1832; was educated at Westminster College, Pennsylvania; studied and practised law; in 1867 he was elected superintendent of public instruction for Mercer County, holding the office two years; in 1859 he was transcribing- clerk in the State House of Representatives ; in 1861 he was appointed district-attorney for Venango County; in 1862 he was elected to the same position, and held the office for three years; and he was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Forty-first Congress as a Republican, receiving 18,079 votes against 16,267 votes for De France, Democrat, serving from March 4, 1869, to March 3, 1871. Gillespie, James, was born in North Carolina ; received a classical education; was elected a repre sentative from North Carolina in the Third, Fourth, and Fifth Congresses, serving from December 2, 1793, to March 3, 1799; was again elected to the Eighth Congress, serving from October 17, 1803, to January, 1805, when he died. Gillet, Ransom H., was born at New Lebanon, New York, January 27, 1800; was reared on his father s farm, and by his own labor was able to ob tain an academic education; studied law at Canton with Silas Wright, teaching school for his livelihood; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Ogdens- burg, where he was postmaster 1830-1833; was a delegate to the National Democratic Convention at Baltimore in 1832 which renominated Andrew Jack son ; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-third Congress as a Democrat; was re- elected to the Twenty-fourth Congress, serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1837; was appointed by President Van Buren commissioner to treat with the New-York Indians, serving 1837-1839; was a delegate to the National Democratic Convention which renominated Martin Van Buren in 1840; was appointed by President Polk register of the treasury, serving from April 1, 1845, to May 27, 1847, when he was appointed solicitor of the treasury, serving until October 31, 1849; was appointed by President Pierce assistant attorney-general, serving 1855-1858; was appointed by President Buchanan solicitor of the Court of Claims, serving 1858-1861 ; resumed prac tice, and died at Washington October 24, 1876. He published a " Life of Silas Wright." Gillette, Francis, was born at Broomfield, Con necticut; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1829; studied law with Governor Ellsworth, but ill health forced him to abandon the STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 411 profession before he was admitted to the bar; was an early advocate of the temperance cause, and a pioneer in the antislavery movement ; was elected a United-States senator from Connecticut as a Free- soil Whig (in place of Truman Smith, resigned), serving from May 25, 1854, to March 3, 1855; was several times defeated as the Temperance and Anti- slavery candidate for governor; was a member of the State House of Representatives ; was chairman of the Connecticut Board of Education 1849-1865. GUlis, James L., was born at Hebron, Washing ton County, New York, October 2, 1792 ; received a public-school education ; served an apprenticeship to the tanner and currier s trade, at which he after wards worked; served in the last war against Great Britain in the New- York volunteers; was commis sioned lieutenant of volunteers in 1814, and soon after taken prisoner and carried to Halifax, where he was detained until peace was declared; re moved in 1823 to Ridgeway, Pennsylvania; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1840, and again in 1851 ; was appointed one of the judges of Jefferson County in 1842; was a State senator in 1845 ; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Demo crat, receiving 9,785 votes against 9,114 votes for Myers, Union, serving from December 7, 1857, to March 3, 1859. Gillon, Alexander, was born in South Caro lina; received an academic education; was elected a representative from South Carolina in the Third Congress, serving from December 2, 1793, to 1794, when he died. Gilman, Charles J., was born in New Hamp shire; received a classical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Brunswick, Maine; was elected a representative from Maine in the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Repub lican, receiving 12,953 votes against 9,670 votes for E. F. Pillsbury, Coalition, and serving from Decem ber 7, 1857, to March 3, 1859. Gilman, John Taylor (brother of Nicholas Gil- man), was born at Exeter, New Hampshire, December 19, 1753; was one of the minute-men who marched to Cambridge on receiving intelligence of the battle of Lexington in 1775; was assistant to his father, who was receiver-general of New Hampshire ; was a delegate to the Convention of the States at Hartford in October, 1780; was a delegate from New Hamp shire to the Continental Congress in 1782-1783 ; was chosen treasurer of New Hampshire in 1793; was one of the Continental commissioners to settle the accounts between the several States 1783-1791, when he resigned; was again chosen State treasurer in 1791 ; was elected governor of New Hampshire as a Federalist 1794-1805; was defeated as the Federal candidate for governor in 1805 by John Langdon, Democrat, who received 4,000 majority; was again the Federal candidate for governor in 1812, receiving a plurality of votes, but not a majority, and the legislature chose William Plummer, the Democratic candidate; was again elected governor in 1813 by a majority of 500 votes; was re-elected in 1814 by a majority of 600 votes; was re-elected in 1815 by a majority of 514 votes, and declined a re-election in 18K5; died at Exeter, New Hampshire, August 21, 1828. Gilman, Nicholas, was born at Exeter, New Hampshire, in 1762; received an academic education; served during the Revolutionary war as lieutenant, captain, adjutant, and adjutant-general; was a dele gate from New Hampshire to the Continental Con gress 1786-1788; was elected a representative from New Hampshire to the First Congress, and succes sively re-elected to the Second, Third, and Fourth Congresses, serving from March 4, 1789, until March 3, 1797 ; was elected to the United-States Senate as a Democrat (making the first break in the Federal line in New England), and re-elected, serving from December 2, 1805, until he died, on his return from the session, which had adjourned April 18, 1814, at Philadelphia, May 3, 1814. Gilmer, George R., was born in Wilkes County, Georgia, April 11, 1790; received an academic educa tion; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Lexington; served in the United-States army in 1813 as first lieutenant of the Forty-third Infantry, and was engaged in the cam paign against the Creek Indians; resigned in 1818, and resumed practice at Lexington ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1818, 1819, and 1824; was governor of Georgia 1829-1831; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Seven teenth Congress as a Democrat, serving from De cember 3, 1821, to March 3, 1823; was again elect ed to the Twentieth Congress, serving from Decem ber 3, 1827, to March 3, 1829; was again elected to the Twenty-third Congress, serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1835 ; was a presidential elector on the Hugh L. White ticket in 1836; was again governor of Georgia 1837-1839; was a presidential elector on the Harrison ticket in 1840; and died at Lexington, Georgia, November 15, 1859. He pub lished an historical work entitled "Georgians." Gilmer, John A., was born in Guilford County, North Carolina, November 4, 1805; received an aca demic education by his own exertions; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1832, and commenced practice at Greensborough ; was a member of the State Senate 1846-1856; was defeated as the Whig candidate for governor of North Carolina in 1856; was elected a representative from North Carolina in the Thirty-fifth Congress as an American, receiving 5,692 votes against 4,845 votes for Williams, Demo crat; and was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving 6,361 votes against 4,512 votes for Williams, Democrat, serving from December 7, 1857, to March 3, 1861; was a member of the Second Confederate Congress; was a delegate to the National Union Convention at Philadelphia in 1866; and died at Greensborough, North Carolina, May 14, 1868. Gilmer, Thomas W., was born in Virginia; received a public-school education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Charlottesville ; was several years a member of the State legislature, and for two sessions speaker of the House; was governor of Virginia 1840-1841; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Twen ty-seventh Congress as a Whig (but sustained Presi dent Tyler s vetoes, and acted with the Democrats), defeating James Garland, and was re-elected to. the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 2,361 votes against 2,341 votes for W. L. Goggin, Whig, serving from May 31, 1841, to February 18, 1844, when he resigned ; his election was unsuccess fully contested by William L. Goggin ; was appointed secretary of the navy by President Tyler February 15, 1844, and served until he was killed by the bursting of a gun on board the United-States steamer " Prince ton," near Washington City, February 28, 1844. Gilmore, Alfred, was born in Pennsylvania; received a public-school education; resided at Butler; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-first Congress as an Opposition candidate, receiving 7,260 votes against 6,959 votes for Smith, Whig, and 209 votes for McLaughlin, Free-Soiler; was re-elected to the Thirty-second Congress, receiv ing 6,513 votes against 5,644 votes for Taylor, Whig, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1853. Gilmore, John, was born at Butler, Pennsylva nia; received a public-school education; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty- first Congress as a Jackson Democrat ; was re-elected to the Twenty-second Congress, serving from Decem ber 7, 1829, to March 2, 1833 ; died at Butler, Penn sylvania, May 18, 1845. Gist, Joseph, was born near the mouth of Fair- forest River, in Union District, South Carolina, January 12, 1775; his parents removed when he was thirteen years of age to Charleston, where he received 412 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. a classical education; studied law with Robert Good- loe Harper; was admitted to the bar in 1799, and commenced practice the following year at Pinckney- ville, South Carolina; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1801-1819; was elected a representative from South Carolina in the Seven teenth Congress; was re-elected to the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Congresses, serving from December 3, 1821, to March 3, 1827; declined being a candidate for re-election, on account of ill health; and died at Pinckneyville, South Carolina, May 8, 1836. Glascock, Thomas, was born in Georgia ; set tled at Augusta, Georgia; received a public-school education; served in the Revolutionary army as lieu tenant, and was present at the siege of Savannah ; was commissioned colonel-commandant of the regi ment of volunteers raised by Georgia for protection against the Creek Indians; was elected a representa tive from Georgia in the Twenty-fourth Congress as a Democrat on a general ticket, receiving 31,247 votes against 28,168 votes for Richard H. Wilde, Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-fifth Congress, receiv ing 47,448 votes against 28,994 votes for W. C. Daw- son, Whig, serving from December 7, 1835, to March 3, 1839 ; and died at Decatur, Georgia, May 9, 1841. Glasgow, Hugh, was born in Pennsylvania; received a public-school education; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Fourteenth Congress, serving from December 4, 1815, to March 3, 1817. Glenn, Henry, was born in Albany County, New York; received a limited education; served in the Revolutionary war; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1786-1787; was elected a representative from New York in the Third Congress, and was re-elected to the Fourth, Fifth, and Sixth Congresses, serving from December 2, 1793, to March 3, 1801 ; was again a member of the State House of Representatives in 1810; and died at Schenectady August 14, 1814. Gloninger, John, was born in Pennsylvania; and was elected a representative from that State in the Thirteenth Congress, serving from May 24, 1813, to August 2, 1813, when he resigned. Glossbrenner, Adam J., was born at Hagers- town, Maryland, August 31, 1810; was self-educated; learned the art of printing; printed "The Western Telegraph" in Hamilton, Ohio, in 1827 and 1828; went to York, Pennsylvania, in 1829; edited and pub lished "The York Gazette" from 1835 to 1858; was clerk in the Pennsylvania legislature in 1838; was in charge of transportation on State railroad at Colum bia in 1839 and 1840; was cashier of contingent funds of the House of Representatives for the Twenty- eighth and Twenty-ninth Congresses ; was a clerk in the State Department, and confidential clerk to Sec retary Buchanan in 1848 and 1849; was elected ser- geant-at-arms of the House of Representatives for the Thirty-first, Thirty-second, Thirty-third, Thirty- fourth, and Thirty-fifth Congresses; was President Buchanan s private secretary in 1860 and 1861; es tablished "The Philadelphia Age" in 1863; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiving 13,382 votes against 10,576 votes for Joseph Baily, Union; and was re- elected in 1866 to the Fortieth Congress as a Demo crat, receiving 15,830 votes against 12,389 votes for R. M. Henderson, Republican, serving from March 4, 1867, to March 3, 1871. Glover, John Montgomery, was born in Mercer County, Kentucky, September 4, 1824; re ceived a regular course of collegiate education, but left college, in his senior year, before graduating; studied law, and was admitted to the bar, but prac tised but a short time ; was appointed a colonel of cavalry by President Lincoln, and was subsequently commissioned by the governor of Missouri colonel of the Third Missouri Volunteer Cavalry, with a com mission to date from September 4, 1861; resigned in 1864 on account of impaired health ; was appointed in July, 1866, collector of internal revenue for the Third District of Missouri, and performed the duties of that office from November, 1866, until March 3, 1867 ; was elected a representative from Missouri in the Forty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 13,006 votes against 10,672 votes for J. F. Benjamin, Republican; was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Con gress as a Democrat, receiving, 12,200 votes against 8,867 votes for H. S. Lipscomb. Republican; and was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 16,153 votes against 11,646 votes for J. T. K. Hay ward, Re publican, serving from December 1, 1873. Goddard, Calvin, was born at Shrewsbury, Massachusetts, July 17, 1768; received a classical education, graduating at Dartmouth College in 1786; studied law with Oliver Ellsworth; was admitted to the bar in 1790, and commenced practice atPlainfield, Connecticut; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1791-1806, serving three years as speaker of the House ; was elected a representative from Connecticut in the Seventh Congress ; was re- elected to the Eighth Congress, serving from Decem ber 7, 1801, to March 3, 1805; removed to Norwich in 1807 ; was a member of the State Executive Coun cil 1808-1815; was a presidential elector on the De Witt Clinton ticket in 1812 ; was a delegate to the Hartford Convention in 1814 ; was judge of the Su perior Court 1815, 1818 ; was mayor of Norwich for seventeen years ; and died at Norwich, Connecticut, May 2, 1842. Goggin, William L., was born in Bedford County, Virginia, May 31, 1807; received an academic education ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar in 1828, and commenced practice at Winchester, Vir ginia; was a member of the State House of Repre sentatives in 1836 ; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Twenty-sixth Congress as a Whig, receiving 1,498 votes against 1,347 votes for Stuart, Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress, serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1843 ; he unsuccessfully contested the election of Thomas W. Gilmer in the Twenty-eighth Congress, and was subsequently elected upon the resignation of Mr. Gilmer, serving from December 2, 1844, to March 3, 1845; was again elected to the Thirtieth Congress, receiving 2,980 votes against 2,870 votes for Leake, Democrat, serving from December 6, 1847, to March 3, 1849; relinquished his profession for agri cultural pursuits; was appointed by President Fill- more a member of the Board of Visitors to West Point ; was defeated as the Whig candidate for gov ernor in 1860, receiving 71,543 votes against 77,112 votes for John Letcher, Democrat ; and died at Rich mond, Virginia, January 5, 1870. Gold, Thomas R., was born in the State of New York; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1786 ; resided at Whitestown, Oneida County ; was a member of the State Senate 1797-1802, and of the State House of Representatives in 1808; was elected a representative from New York in the Eleventh Congress as a Federalist; was re- elected to the Twelfth Congress by a majority of 436 votes, serving from May 22, 1809, to March 3, 1813; was again elected to the Fourteenth Congress, serv ing from December 4, 1815, to March 3, 1817; and died at Whitestown, New York, June 22, 1826. Goldsborough, Charles W., was born in Ma ryland; received an academic education; held sev eral local offices ; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Ninth Congress as a Federalist ; was re-elected to the Tenth, Eleventh, Twelfth, Thir teenth, and Fourteenth Congresses, serving from December 2, 1805, to March 3, 1817 ; was governor of Maryland 1818-1819; and died at Shoal Creek, Mary land, December 13, 1834. Goldsborough, Robert, was born at Cam bridge, Maryland; received an academic education; studied medicine, and graduated at the Philadelphia College in 1760 ; took an active part in the ante-Revo lutionary movements ; was a delegate from Maryland STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 413 to the First Continental Congress 1774-1775; and died at Cambridge, Maryland, December 31, 1788. Goldsborough, Robert Henry, was born at New Easton, Maryland, in 1780; received an aca demic education; was elected United-States senator from Maryland as an anti-Jackson Republican, serv ing from May 24, 1813, to March 3, 1819; and was again elected United-States senator as a Whig without opposition (to fill the vacancy caused by the resig nation of Ezekiel F. Chambers), serving from January 23, 1835, until his death at New Easton, Maryland, October 5, 1836. Goldthwaite, George, was born at Boston, Massachusetts, December 10, 1809; received an aca demic education; removed to Alabama ; studied law, and was admitted to practice in 1826; was on the bench of the Circuit Court, and afterward of the Supreme Court, of which he was chief justice for some years; was adjutant-general of the State of Alabama during the war; was elected United-States senator from Alabama as a Democrat December 7, 1870 (to succeed Willard Warner, Republican), and took his seat January 15, 1872, serving until March 3, 1877. Golladay, Edward I., was born at Lebanon, Tenneseee, September 9, 1831; graduated in the literary department of Cumberland University at Lebanon; taught school a short time; studied law; graduated in the law department of Cumberland University, and was admitted to the bar in 1852 ; was elected to the State legislature for the session of 1857- 1858 ; was elected a presidential elector on the Bell- Everett ticket in 1860; served in the Confederate army with the rank of colonel, and participated in several important engagements; and was elected a representative from Tennessee in the Forty-second Congress as a Democrat, receiving 7,991 votes against 5,428 votes for W. F. Prosser, Republican, and 3,525 votes for Bailie Peyton, Independent Democratic Conservative, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1873. Golladay, J. S., received a public-school edu cation ; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Fortieth Congress as a Democrat (to fill the vacancy occasioned by the death of Elijah Hise), receiving 6,619 votes against 850 votes for Jackman, Republican, and 1,175 votes for J. T. Curd; was re- elected to the Forty-first Congress, serving from December 5, 1867, to February 28, 1870, when he resigned. Gboch, Daniel "W., was born at W T ells, Maine, January 8, 1820; was fitted for college at Phillips Academy, Andover, and graduated at Dartmouth College in 1843 ; studied law at South Berwick and Portland, Maine, and at Boston, and was admitted to the bar in 1846 ; practised law in Boston ; was a member of the House in the State legislature in 1852 ; was a member of the Constitutional Conven tion in 1853 ; was elected a representative from Mas sachusetts in the Thirty-fifth Congress (in place of Nathaniel P. Banks, jun., resigned) as a Repub lican; was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving 7,129 votes against 3,868 votes for C. A. Welch, Democrat, and"810 votes for Baker, Ameri can ; -was re-elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress, receiving 11,373 votes against 6,730 votes for C. A. Welch, Democrat, and 703 votes for George Johnson, American, and 100 scattering; was re-elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, receiving 8,124 votes against 6,152 votes for Perry, People s candidate; was re- elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, but resigned before taking his seat, serving from January 21, 1858, to March 3, 1865 ; was navy-agent of the port of Bos ton 1865 ; was again elected to the Forty-third Con gress as a Republican, receiving 12,472 votes against 8,039 votes for N. P. Banks, Liberal and Democrat, serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1875; was defeated as the Republican candidate for the Forl y-f ourth Congress, receiving 7,263 votes against 7,731 votes for N. P. Banks, Liberal Republican; was appointed by President Grant pension-agent at Boston. Goode, John, jun., was born in Bedford Coun ty, Virginia, May 27, 1829; attended the New-Lon don Academy in early life, and graduated at Emory and Henry College in 1848; studied law with Hon orable John W. Brockenborough at Lexington ; was admitted to the bar in April, 1851, and has practised since; was elected to the Virginia House of Dele gates in 1851 and 1856 ; was on the Democratic ticket as presidential elector in 1852 and 1856; was elected in 1860 a member of the State Convention of Vir ginia which passed the ordinance of secession ; was twice elected a member of the Confederate Congress, and served in that capacity from February 22, 1862, until the close of the war; was appointed a member of the National Democratic Executive Committee in 1868, and re-appointed in 1872 for four years; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 13,521 votes against 13,390 votes for James H. Platt, jun., Republican; and was re-elected to the Forty- fifth Congress, receiving 16,885 votes against 14,1)89 votes for Joseph Segar, Republican, serving from December 6, 1875. Goode, Patrick G., was born in Virginia; re ceived an academic education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Sydney; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-sixth and Twenty-seventh Congresses, serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1843. Goode, Samuel, was elected a representative from Virginia in the Sixth Congress, serving from December 2, 1799, to March 3, 1801. Goode, William O., was born at Ingle wood, Mecklenburg County, Virginia, September 16, 1798 ; received a classical education, graduating at William and Mary College; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1821, and commenced practice at Boydtown; was for several years a member of the State legisla ture ; was a delegate to the State Reform Convention in 1829 ; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Twenty-seventh Congress as a Democrat, serv ing from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1843; was again for several successive years a member of the State House of Representatives, and was three times chosen speaker; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention of 1850; was again elected to the Thirty- third Congress, receiving but slight opposition ; was re-elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress, receiving 4,811 votes against 3,109 votes for Tazewell, Ameri can ; was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, re ceiving 3,579 votes against 1,132 votes for Collier, American, serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1859; was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, defeating W. C. Flournoy, but died, before taking his seat, at Boydtown, Virginia, July 3, 1859. Goodenow, John M., received a public-school education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Steubenville, Ohio; was a prominent Freemason ; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Twenty-first Congress as a Jackson Democrat, receiving 1,040 majority over John C. Wright, Clay Democrat, serving from December 7, 1829, to April 9, 1830, when he resigned, having been chosen judge of the Supreme Court of Ohio. Goodenow, Robert, was born at Farmington, New Hampshire, June 10, 1800; received an aca demic education ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar in 1821, and commenced practice, at Farmington; was county-attorney 1828-1834 and in 1841 ; removed to Paris, Maine; was elected a representative from Maine in the Thirty-second Congress as a Whig, re ceiving 4,831 votes against 4,700 votes for Lot M. Morrill, Democrat, and 1,274 votes for Seth May, Free-Soiler, serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1853; was appointed State bank commissioner in 1857. Goodenow, Rufus EL., was born at Henuiker, 414 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. New Hampshire, April 24, 1790; removed with his father to Brownfield, Maine; received a public- school education ; was a farmer, and also engaged in the coasting trade; served in the war against Great Britain as captain of the Thirty-third Infantry from April, 1813, until the regiment was disbanded in June, 1815; removed to Paris, Maine; was clerk of the Oxford-county courts 1821-1837; was a member of the State House of Representatives ; was a presi dential elector on the Harrison ticket in 1840; was elected a representative from Maine in the Thirty- first Congress as a Whig, receiving 6,582 votes against 5,607 votes for McCrate, Democrat, and 1,100 votes for Vinton, Democrat, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1851; and died at Paris, Maine, March 24, 1863. Goodhue, Benjamin, was born at Salem, Massachusetts, October 1, 1748; received a classical education, graduating at Harvard College in 1766; engaged in mercantile pursuits; was a member of the State Senate 1784-1789; was elected a representa tive from Massachusetts in the First Congress ; was re-elected to the Second and Third Congresses, serv ing from March 4, 1789, to March 3, 1795; was elected a United-States senator from Massachu setts (in place of George Cabot, resigned), serving from December 6, 1796, to 1800, when he resigned; died at Salem, Massachusetts, July 28, 1814. Goodin, John R., was born at Tiffin, Ohio, December 14, 1836; removed to Kenton, Ohio, in 1844; was educated at Kenton and Geneva College, Ohio ; commenced reading law in 1854 ; was admitted to the bar in 1857, and engaged in the practice at Kenton, Ohio; remained at the last-named place until the spring of 1859, when he removed to his present place of residence in Kansas, where he con tinued his law practice; was elected in November, 18G6, to the State House of Representatives; was elected in November, 1867, judge of the Seventh Judicial District, Kansas, for the term of four years, commencing January, 1868; was re-elected in Novem ber, 1871, to the same position, which position he filled until February 1, 1875, at which time he re signed his judicial office, having been elected a rep resentative from Kansas to Congress. Politically a Democrat, he was nominated as the Reform and Opposition candidate, and elected, receiving 14,965 votes against 14,220 votes for Stephen A. Cobb, Republican, serving from December 6, 1875, to March 3, 1877. Goodrich, Chauncey, was born at Durham, Connecticut, October 20, 1759; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1776; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1781, and commenced practice at Hartford ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1793; was elected a representative from Connecticut in the Fourth Congress; was re-elected to the Fifth and Sixth Congresses, serving from December 7, 1795, to March 3, 1801 ; was a member of the State Executive Council 1802-1807; was elected a United-States senator from Connecticut (in place of Uriah Tracy, deceased), serving from November 27, 1807, to 1813, when he resigned ; was mayor of Hartford ; was lieu tenant-governor of Connecticut in 1814; and died at Hartford, Connecticut, August 18, 1823. Goodrich, Elizur, was born at Durham, Con necticut, March 24, 1761 ; received a classical educa tion, graduating at Yale College in 1779; was a tutor at Yale for two years ; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at New Haven in 1783; was elected a representative from Connecticut in the Sixth Congress as a Federalist, serving from December 2, 1799, to March 3, 1801 ; was appointed collector of customs at New Haven, but was removed by Jefferson; was a judge of probate for seventeen years; was judge of the county court for twelve years ; was professor of law in Yale College for nine years; was mayor of New Haven 1803-1822; and died at New Haven, Connecticut, November 1, 1849. Goodrich, John Z., was born at Sheffield, Massachusetts, September 27, 1801; received an academic education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, but engaged in manufacturing; was a presidential elector on the Harrison ticket in 1841; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1848 and 1849; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Thirty-second Congress; was re-elected to the Thirty-third Congress, receiving 5,579 votes against 4,842 votes for Griswold, Democrat, and 316 scattering, serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1855; was a member of the Peace Con gress in 1861; was appointed by President Lincoln collector of customs at Boston, serving from 1861 to 18(55. Goodrich, Milo, was born at Homer, New York, January 3, 1820; received an academic education; studied law, and practises the profession; was a member of the Constitutional Convention of the State of New York in 1867-1868; was elected a rep resentative from New York in the Forty-second Congress as a Republican, receiving 15,471 votes against 12,029 votes for Apgar, Democrat, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1873. Goodwin, Henry C., was born at De Ruyter, Madison County, New York, June 25, 1824; received an academic education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1846, and commenced practice at Hamilton, New York; was district-attorney 1847- 1850 ; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-third Congress (in place of Gerritt Smith, resigned) as a Republican, serving from December 4, 1854, to March 3, 1855; was again elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving 14,380 votes against 6,080 votes for Clarke, Democrat, and 1,671 votes for Culver, American, serving from December 7, 1857, to March 3, 1859 ; died at Hamilton, New York, Novem ber 12, I860. Goodwin, John Noble, was born at South Berwick, Maine, October 18, 1824; received a classical education, graduating at Dartmouth College in 1844; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1848, and commenced practice at South Berwick; was a mem ber of the State Senate in 1854 ; was elected a rep resentative from Maine in the Thirty-seventh Con gress as a Republican, receiving 12,018 votes against 10,556 votes for Hayes, Democrat, serving from July 4, 1861, to March 3, 1863; was appointed chief justice of Arizona Territory, and removed there in 1863; was governor of Arizona Territory from August, 1863, to September, 1865; was elected a delegate from Arizona Territory in the Thirty-ninth Congress as a Republican, receiving 707 votes against 376 votes for Charles D. Posten, Republican, and 260 votes for Joseph P. Allyn, Republican, and serving from December 4, 18(55, to March 3, 1867. Goodwin, Peterson (sometimes spelled Good- wyn), was born in Virginia; received an academic education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Eighth Congress as a Democrat ; and wasVe-elected to the Ninth, Tenth, Eleventh, Twelfth, Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth Congresses, serving from October 17, 1803, to February 21, 1818, when he died. Goodyear, Charles, was born at Cobleskill, New York, April 26, 1805 ; received a classical edu cation, graduating at Union College in 1824; studied law ; was admitted to the bar in 1827, and commenced practice at Schoharie, New York; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1839 ; was ap pointed first judge of Schoharie County in 1841; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-ninth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 9,298 votes against w 7,966 votes for Danforth, Whig, and 526 votes for North, Free-Soiler, serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1847; continued the practice of law until 1852, when he engaged in private banking at Schoharie and in the city of New York; was again elected to the Thirty-ninth STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 415 Congress, receiving 17,497 votes against 12,942 votes for Gardiner, Republican, serving from December 4, 1865, to March 3, 1867; was a delegate to the National Union Convention at Philadelphia in 1866, and to the National Democratic Convention at New York in 1868. Gordon, James, was born at Killead, County Antrim, Ireland, in 1743; came to New York, and became an Indian trader at Schenectady ; served in the Revolutionary war as colonel of a regiment of militia, raised in what is now Saratoga County; located at Ballston; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1778-1790; was elected a representative from New York in the Second Con gress, and re-elected to the Third Congress, serving from October 24, 1791, to March 3, 1795; was a State senator 1797-1804 ; was for some time county-judge, and was the first supervisor of Ballston ; he died at Ballston, New York, January 17, 1810. Gordot), John B., was born in Upson County, Georgia, February 6, 1832; was educated at the University of Georgia ; was admitted to the bar, but practised law only a short time ; at the beginning of the war entered the Confederate army as captain of infantry, and was promoted major, lieutenant- colonel, colonel, brigadier-general, major-general, and to the command of the Second Army Corps; commanded one wing of General Lee s army at Appomattox Court House; was wounded in battle eight times; was the Democratic candidate for governor of Georgia in 1868, and his party claimed his election by a large majority, but his opponent, Rufus II. Bullock, was declared elected; was a member of the National Democratic Convention of 1868 from Georgia ; was a delegate from the State at large to the National Democratic Convention of 1872; was elected presidential elector for the State at large on the Seymour and Blair ticket in 1868, and the Greeley and Brown ticket in 1872; was elected United-States senator from Georgia as a Democrat, (to succeed Joshua Hill, Republican), serving from March 4, 1873. Gordon, Samuel, was born in the State of New York; received a public-school education; resided at Delhi, New York ; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1820-1821 and 1834; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-seventh Congress as a Democrat, receiving 5,973 votes against 5,434 votes for Herman D. Gould, Whig, sen-ing from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1843; was again elected to the Twenty-ninth Congress, receiving 8,645 votes against 8,121 votes for Herman D. Gould, Whig, serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1847; was provost-marshal for the Nine teenth District of New York 1863-1865. Gordon, William, was born in 1763 ; received a classical education, graduating at Harvard College in 1779; studied law; was admitted to the bar; was elected a representative from New Hampshire in the Fifth Congress, and was re-elected to the Sixth Con gress, serving from May 15, 1797, to 1800, when he resigned ; died in Boston May 8, 1802. Gordon, William F., was born in Albemarle County, Virginia; received an academic education; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Twenty-first Congress as a Democrat, receiving a large majority over Nelson and Bryce, to supply a vacancy occasioned by the resignation of Rives ; was re-elected to the Twenty-second Congress; was re- elected to the Twenty-third Congress, serving from December 7, 1829, to March 3, 1835; died near Lind- sey s store, Virginia, July 2, 1858. Gore, Christopher, was born at Boston, Massa chusetts, September 21, 1758; received a classical edu cation, graduating at Harvard College in 1776 ; stud ied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Boston; was United-States attorney for the district of Massachusetts 1789-1796; was com missioner to England under Jay s treaty 1796-1803; was charge, d affaires at London 1803-1804; was a member of the State Senate and House of Represen tatives; was governor of Massachusetts 1809, 1810; was elected a United-States senator from Massachu setts (in place of James Lloyd, resigned), serving from May 28, 1813, to 1816, when he resigned ; was a presidential elector on the King ticket in 1817 ; was a trustee of Harvard University, and an active mem ber of the Massachusetts Historical Society and the American Academy of Sciences ; died at Waltham, Massachusetts, March 1, 1827. Gorham, Benjamin (son of Nathaniel Gorham), was born at Charlestown, Massachusetts, February 13, 1775; received a classical education, graduating at Harvard College in 1795 ; studied law under The- ophilus Parsons ; was admitted to the bar, and com menced practice at Boston ; was elected a represen tative from Massachusetts in the Sixteenth Congress as a Federalist (to fill the vacancy caused by the res ignation of Jonathan Mason), serving from Novem ber 27, 1820, until March 3, 1821, and declining a renomination ; was again elected to the Twentieth Congress, and re-elected to the Twenty-first Con gress, serving from December 3, 1827, until March 3, 1831; was again elected to the Twenty-third Con gress by 503 majority, serving from December 2, 1833, until March 3, 1835; was a member of the State House of Representatives; was especially noted as having given his professional services, without pay, to defend the newspaper-press in libel suits; and died at Boston, Massachusetts, September 27, 1855. Gorham, Nathaniel (father of Benjamin Gor ham), was born at Charlestown, Massachusetts, May 27, 1738; received a public-school education; en gaged in mercantile pursuits ; was a member of the Colonial legislature 1771-1775 ; was a delegate to the Provincial Congress 1774-1775; was a member of the Board of War 1778-1781 ; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention in 1779; was a dele gate from Massachusetts to the Continental Congress 1782-1783, and again 1785-1787, serving as presiding officer from June 6, 1787, until the expiration cf his term; was a delegate from Massachusetts to the convention which framed the Federal Constitution in 1788, and, when in committee of the whole, was called by President Washington to the chair for three months ; was for several years a judge of the Court of Common Pleas ; became largely interested in the purchase and settlement of lands in the Genesee Valley, New York, which he placed under the charge of his eldest son, Nathaniel Gorham, jun. ; and died at Canandaigua, New York, June 11, 1796. Gorman, Willis Arnold, was born near Flem- ingsburg, Kentucky, Januaiy 12, 1814; received an academic education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1825, and commenced practice at Bloom- ington, Indiana, in 1825; was clerk of the Indiana Senate 1837-1833; was major of Lane s regiment of Indiana volunteers in the Mexican war; commanded a rifle battalion at the battle of Buena Vista, and was afterwards colonel of the Fourth Indiana Regi ment of Mexican Volunteers ; was elected a repre sentative from Indiana in the Thirty-first Congress as a Democrat, receiving 8,466 votes against 7,196 votes for Watts, Whig; was re-elected to the Thirty- second Congress, receiving 9,474 votes against 4,693 votes for Farmer, Whig, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1853; was territorial governor of Minnesota 1853-1857; was a delegate to the Consti tutional Convention of Minnesota in 1857 ; practised law at St. Paul, Minnesota, 1857-1861 ; entered the Union army as colonel of the First Minnesota Vol unteer Infantry ; was commissioned brigadier-general September 6, 1861; was in the battles of Ball s Bluff and West Point ; led a bayonet-charge at the battle cf Fair Oaks, and commanded a brigade in Howard s division of the Second Army Corps at the battle of Antietam. Goss, James H., was born at Union Court House, South Carolina, August 9, 1820: received a public-school education ; engaged in mercantile pur- 416 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. suits; -was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention in 1867; was elected a representative from South Carolina in the Fortieth Congress, serv ing from July 18, 1868, to March 3, I860. Gott, Daniel, was born in Connecticut; received a public-school education; was .elected a representa tive from New York in the Thirtieth Congress as a Whig; was re-elected to the Thirty-first Congress, receiving 5,403 votes against 4,906 votes f or Sedgwick, Democrat, and 2,493 for Baldwin, Democrat, serving from December 6, 1847, to March 3, 1851. Gould, Herman D., was born in Connecticut; received an academic education; was elected a repre sentative from New York in the Thirty-first Congress as a Whig, receiving 6,267 votes against 4,443 votes for Edgerton, Democrat, 3,013 votes for Fitch, Anti- Rent, and 1,953 votes for Wheeler, Democrat, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1851. Gourdin, Theodore, received an academic edu cation; was elected a representative from South Carolina in the Thirteenth Congress as a Democrat, serving from May 24, 1813, to March 2, 1815. Go van, A. &., was born at Orangeburg, South Carolina; received a classical education; was elected a representative from South Carolina in the Seven teenth Congress (iu place of James Overstreet, de ceased) ; was re-elected to the Eighteenth and Nine teenth Congresses without opposition, serving from December 4, 1822, to March 3, 1827. Gove, Samuel P., was born at Weymouth, Massachusetts, March 9, 1822; received a public- school education ; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Fortieth Congress, serving from July 25, 1868, to March 3, 1869. Graham, James (a brother of William A.), was born in Lincoln County, North Carolina, in January, 1793; received a classical education, graduating at the University of North Carolina in 1814; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised for many years with great success ; removed to Ruther ford County, which he represented in the House of Commons of North Carolina in 1822, 1823, 1828, and 1829: was elected a representative in the Twenty- third, Twenty-fourth, Twenty-fifth, Twenty-sixth, and Twenty-seventh Congresses as a Whig (generally without opposition), serving from December 2, 1833. until March 3, 1843, excepting from March 25, 1836, to December 5, 1836, when a Democratic House de clared his seat vacant, although it refused to give it to his contesting competitor, and at a new election he was elected, receiving 4,971 votes against 3,177 for Newland; was a candidate for the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Whig, but was defeated by T. L. Cling- man, also a Whig, by 929 majority; was again elected to the Twenty-ninth Congress as a Whig, receiving 5,244 votes against 4,918 votes for Clingman, Whig, and serving from December 1, 1845, until March 3, 1847; retiring to private life, he engaged in agricul tural pursuits, until he died, in Rutherford County, North Carolina, in September, 1851. Graham, James H., received a public-school education; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Republican, receiving 9.981 votes against 8,142 votes for Parker, Democrat, and serving from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 1861. Graham, William, was born March 16, 1782; received a public-school education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Vallonia; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention; was a member of the State House of Representatives and its speaker in 1820; was a member of the State Senate ; was elected a representative from Indiana in the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Whig, receiving 5,717 votes against 4,390 votes for J. S. Simonson, Demo crat, and serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1839; devoted himself to agricultural pursuits; and died near Vallonia August 17, 1858. Graham, William Alexander, was born in Lincoln County, North Carolina, September 5, 1804; received a classical education, graduating at the Uni versity of North Carolina in 1824 ; studied law at New Berne; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Hillsborough ; was a member of the House of Commons of North Carolina 1833-1840; was elected a United-States senator (in place of Robert Strange, resigned), serving from December 10, 1840, to March 3, 1843; elected governor of North Carolina in 1844 as a Whig, receiving 42,586 votes against 39,483 votes for M. Hoke, Democrat; was re-elected in 1846 as a Whig, receiving 40,128 votes against 34,156 votes for A. H. Shepherd, Democrat, serving in 1845-1849; was tendered the Spanish mission by President Taylor in 1849, and declined it ; was appointed secretary of the navy by President Fillmore July 20, 1850, and served until March 7, 1853 ; was nominated by the National Whig Convention at Buffalo June 17, 1852, as the Whig candidate for Vice-President on the Scott ticket, and received 42 electoral votes, W. R. King, Demo crat, receiving 254 electoral votes ; was a Confederate senator in the Second Confederate Congress, serving from February 22, 1864, until the close of the war; was a delegate to the Philadelphia Union Convention in 1866; and died of organic disease of the heart, after an illness of four days, at Saratoga Springs, New York, August 11, 1875. Granger, Amos P., was born at Suffield, Con necticut, June, 1789; received a public-school educa tion; removed to Manlius, New York, in 1811, and was for some years president of the corporation; served in the war of 1812 as captain, and was at the battle of Sackett s Harbor; removed to Syracuse, New York, in 1820, and engaged in mercantile pur suits; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-fourth Congress as a Whig, receiving 4.803 votes against 4,109 votes for Alvord, Democrat, 3,409 for Noxon, American, and 487 for Parker, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving 9,748 votes against 4,525 votes for Peck, Democrat, and 1,720 votes for Beach, Ameri can, serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1859 ; died at Syracuse, New York, August 20, 1866. Granger, Bradley F., was born in New York; received a public-school education; removed to Michi gan, and settled at Ann Arbor; was elected a repre sentative from Michigan in the Thirty-seventh Con gress as a Republican, serving from July 4, 1861, to March 3, 1863. Granger, Francis (son of Gideon Granger), was born at Suffield, Connecticut, December 1, 1792; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1811; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1816, and commenced practice at Canandai- gua, New York; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1826-1831; was twice the candi date of the National Republicans for governor of New York, and was defeated by the Democratic candidate; was a delegate to the National Anti-Ma sonic Convention at Philadelphia September 11, 1830; was defeated as the National Republican candidate for Vice-President on the Harrison ticket in 1831; was elected a representative from New York in the Twen ty-fourth Congress as a Whig, serving from December 7, 1&35, to March 3, 1837; was defeated as the Whig candidate for the Twenty-fifth Congress by Mark A. Sibley ; was again elected to the Twenty-sixth Con gress, serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1841 ; was appointed by President Harrison postmas ter-general (a position which his father had held 1801-1814), serving from March 6, 1841, to Septem ber 13, 1841 ; was again elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress as a Whig (in place of John Greig, re signed), serving from December 7, 1841, to March 3, 1843 ; his " silver-gray " hair gave a name to a portion of the Whig party in New York which recognized him as its leader; was a delegate to the Peace Con vention in 1861 ; paid great attention to agricultural progress; died at Canandaigua, New York, August 28, 1868. Grant, Abraham P., was born at Oswego, STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 417 New York; received a public-school education; was elected a representative from New York in the Twen ty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, serving from Sep tember 4, 1837, to March 3, 1839. Grantland, Seaton, was born in Virginia; re ceived an academic education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Mil- ledgeville, Georgia; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Twenty-fourth Congress as a Union candidate on a general ticket, receiving 27,303 votes against 24,870 votes for A. H. Chappell, State-rights ; and was re-elected to the Twenty-fifth Congress, re ceiving 29,343 votes against 28,447 votes for R. W. Habersham, State-rights, serving from December 7, 1835, to March 3, 1839; was chosen a presidential elector on the Harrison and Tyler ticket in 1840 ; died in Georgia. Gravely, Joseph J., was born in Henry Coun ty, Virginia, in 1828; received a public-school edu cation ; was engaged in agricultural pursuits ; was a member of the legislature of the State of Virginia in 1853 and 1854; removed to Missouri in 1854; was elected to the Constitutional Convention of Missouri in 1860 ; was elected to the State Senate of Missouri in 1862 and 1864; entered the Union army as colonel of the Eighth Missouri Cavalry, and served in the war for the suppression of the Rebellion; was elected a representative from Missouri in the Fortieth Congress as a Radical, receiving 6,083 votes against 1,929 votes for the Conservative candidate, serving from March 4, 18 J7, to March 3, 1869. Graves, W^illiam J M was born at New Castle, Kentucky, in 1805 ; received an academic education ; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and com menced practice ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1834; was elected a representa tive from Kentucky in the Twenty-fourth Congress as a Whig, defeating P. H. Pope ; was re-elected to the Twenty-fifth Congress, defeating Marshall, Whig; and was re-elected to the Twenty-sixth Con gress, defeating E. F. Nuttall, serving from Decem ber 7, 1835, to March 3, 1841 ; while a member of Congress he killed Jonathan Cilley, a representative from Maine, at the third fire, in a duel fought with rifles at eighty yards distance, near Washington, Feb ruary 24, 1838 ; was a member of the State legislature in 1843; and died at Louisville, Kentucky, Septem ber 27, 1848. Gray, Edwin, was born in Virginia in 1769; received a public-school education ; was elected a rep resentative from Virginia to the Sixth Congress, and successively elected to the Seventh, Eighth, Ninth, Tenth, Eleventh, and Twelfth Congresses, serving from December 2, 1799, to March 3, 1813. Gray, Hiram, was born at Salem, New York, April 10, 1802; received a classical education, grad uating at Union College in 1821; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1823, and commenced practice at Elmira; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1839; was appointed judge of the Sixth Judicial Circuit in 1846; was a justice of the Supreme Court 1847-1860. Gray, John C., was born in Southampton County, Virginia; received an academic education; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Sixteenth Congress (in place of James Johnson, re signed), serving from November 13, 1820, to March 3, 1821 ; was defeated as a candidate for the Seventeenth Congress by a majority of 341 for Arthur Smith. Grayson, W^llliam, was born in Prince William County, Virginia; received a classical education in England, graduating at the University of Oxford, and studying law at the Temple in London; returning home, he practised law at Dumfries, Virginia; was appointed aide-de-camp to General Washington Au gust 24, 1776; entered the Revolutionary army as colonel of a Virginia regiment January 1, 1877; dis tinguished himself at the battle of Monmouth ; was appointed a delegate to the Continental Congress 1784-1787 ; was a member of the Virginia Convention of 1788 on the adoption of the Federal Constitution, and was one of the minority which opposed its ratifi cation ; was appointed one of the senators from Vir ginia to the First Congress ; took his seat May 21, 1789, and served until he died at Dumfries, Virginia, on his way to New York, then the seat of govern ment, March 12, 1790. Grayson, William J., was born at Beaufort, South Carolina, November 2, 1788; received a clas sical education, graduating at South-Carolina Col lege in 1809 ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Beaufort ; was appointed a commissioner in equity; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1813, and of the State Senate in 1831 ; was elected a representative from South Carolina in the Twenty-third Congress as a Whig, defeating Colonel Alston ; and was re-elected to the Twenty-fourth Congress without opposition, serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1837; was collector of customs at Charleston 1841-1843; engaged in planting, and died of illness following a paralytic stroke at Newberry, South Carolina, Octo ber 4, 1863. He published "The Hireling and the Slave," "Chicova, and other Poems," "Marion," " The Life of J. L. Petigru;" and was a contributor to " The Southern Review." Greeley, Horace, was born at Amherst, New Hampshire, February 3, 1811 ; received a public- school education ; was apprenticed to the art of print ing at Poultney, Vermont, 1826-1830; worked as a journeyman printer in Erie, Pennsylvania, and after August, 1831, in New-York City; commenced pub lishing " The Morning Post," the first one-cent daily paper, January 1, 1833, but it was soon discontinued ; published "The New-Yorker," a literary weekly, 1834-1841 ; edited a Whig campaign paper, called " The Log Cabin," in 1840 ; founded " The New- York Tribune" April 10, 1841, and edited it until his death; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirtieth Congress (in place of David S. Jack son, whose seat was declared vacant) as a Whig, re ceiving 9,932 votes against 6,326 votes for Bradurst, Democrat, and 1,681 votes for Townsend, Democrat, and serving from December 4, 1848, to March 3, 1849; visited Europe in 1851, and was chairman of one of the juries at the World s Fair; visited Cali fornia, by way of Kansas and Utah, in 1859; was a presidential elector on the Lincoln and Johnson ticket in 1864; was a delegate to the State Constitu tional Convention in 1867 ; advocated universal am nesty and universal suffrage at the close of the Re bellion, and offered himself as bail for Jefferson Da vis in May, 1867 ; was appointed by President John son, in November, 1867, minister to Austria, and was confirmed, but declined; was nominated in 1872 by the Reform Republicans at Cincinnati, and by the Democrats at Baltimore, as President of the United States, but was defeated by U. S. Grant ; he lost his reason, and died in an asylum near the city of New York November 29, 1872. He published " Hints toward Reforms," " Association Discussed," "Glances at Europe," "Art and Industry as repre sented in the Exhibition at the Crystal Palace," "History of the Struggle for Slavery-Extension from 1787 to 1856," "History of the American Conflict," "Recollections of a Busy Life," "Overland Journey from New York to San Francisco," "Essays on Po litical Economy," and many pamphlets and maga zine articles. Green, Byram, was born in the State of New York; received a public-school education; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1816, 1817, 1819, 1820, and 1822; was a State senator 1823, 1824; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, re ceiving 6,446 votes against 5,611 votes for Adams, Whig, and 274 votes for Gaylord, Abolitionist, and serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1845; resided at Sodus. 418 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Green, Frederick "W., was born in Maryland; received an academic education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Tiffin, Ohio; held several local offices; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirty-second Con gress as a Democrat, receiving 7,224 votes against 643 votes scattering; and was re-elected to the Thirty- third Congress, receiving 8,198 votes against 2,095 votes for Goodman, Whig, and 768 votes for Samuel, Abolitionist, serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1855. Green, Innis, was born in Pennsylvania; re ceived an academic education ; resided at Dauphin ; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-first Congress as a Jackson Democrat, serving from December 7, 1829, to March 3, 1831. Green, Isaiah L., was born in Massachusetts; received a classical education, graduating at Harvard College in 1781; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised ; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Ninth Congress, and was re- elected to the Tenth Congress, serving from Decem ber 2, 1805, to March 3, 1809; was again elected to the Twelfth Congress, serving from November 4, 1811, to March 3, 1813; held several local offices; and died in 1841. Green, James, was born at Dauphin, Pennsyl vania; received a common-school education; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twentieth Congress, serving from December 3, 1827, to March 3, 1829. Green, James S., was born in Fauquier County, Virginia, February 28, 1817; received a public-school education; removed to Alabama, and thence to Mis souri, where he was admitted to the bar in 1840, and commenced practice at Canton; was a presidential elector in 1844 on the Polk and Dallas ticket ; was a delegate to the Constitutional Convention of 1845; was elected a representative from Missouri in the Thirtieth Congress as a Democrat, and was re-elected to the Thirty-first Congress, serving from December 6, 1847, to March 3, 1851; was charge d affaires to Colombia May 24, 1853 -August 13, 1854, and was commissioned as minister resident June 29, 1854, but did not present his credentials ; was again elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, but did not take his seat, having been elected a United-States senator from Missouri as a Democrat, serving from January 21, 1857, to March 3, 1861; died at St. Louis, Missouri, January 19, 1870. Green, Willis, was born in the Shenandoah Yalley, Virginia ; received a public-school education ; located in that part of Virginia then known as Ken tucky County, but which afterwards became the State of Kentucky ; was a member of the State Con stitutional Convention in 1792; was a surveyor for locating land-warrants; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1836-1837 ; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Twenty-sixth Congress as a "Whig, receiving a majority of 400 votes over William T. Willis, Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress, receiving 4,687 votes against 2,064 votes for the Democratic candidate; was re-elected to the Twenty-eighth Congress, receiv ing 5,218 votes against 4,984 votes for McCreery, Democrat, serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1845. Greene, Albert Collins (brother of General Nathanael Greene), was bom at East Greenwich, Rhode Island, in 1792; received an academic educa tion; studied law in New York, where he was ad mitted to the bar; returned to Rhode Island, and commenced practice; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1816, 1822-1825, serving the last year as speaker; was brigadier-general and subsequently major-general of militia; was attorney- general of Rhode Island 1825-1843; was elected a United-States senator from Rhode Island as a Whig, serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1851; was again a member of the State House of Repre sentatives and of the State Senate; and died at Providence January 8, 1863. Greene, George W., was born in Orange County, New York, July 4, 1831 ; received a classical education, graduating at the University of Pennsyl vania; taught school ; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1860, and commenced practice at Goshen, New York; was school commissioner for Orange County; was judge of the Orange-county cotirts 1861-1864; was elected a representative from New York in the Forty-first Congress as a Democrat, re ceiving 11,620 votes against 11,298 votes for Van Wyck, Republican, serving from March 4, 1869, to 1870. His election was successfully contested by Charles H. Van Wyck, who took his seat February 17, 1870. Greene, Ray, was born in Rhode Island; re ceived a classical education, graduating at Yale Col lege in 1784 ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Providence; was attor ney-general of Rhode Island 1794-1797; was elected a senator from Rhode Island (in place of William Bradford, resigned), serving from November 22, 1797, to 1801, when he resigned. Greene, Thomas M., was born in Virginia; removed to Mississippi Territory, and located at Bruinsburg, where he became an extensive planter; enjoyed the personal friendship of General Jackson ; was elected a delegate from Mississippi Territory in the Seventh Congress (in place of Naisworthy Hunter, deceased), serving from December 6, 1802, to March 3, 1803. Greenup, Christopher, was born in Virginia, and removed to Kentucky when it was the "dark and bloody ground," locating at Frankfort; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Second Congress, and was successively re-elected to the Third and Fourth Congresses, serving from October 24, 1791, to March 3, 1797; was governor of Kentucky 1804-1808; was a presidential elector on the Madison and Clinton ticket in 1809; died at Frankfort, Ken tucky, April 24, 1818. Greenwood, Alfred B.,was born in Franklin County, Georgia, July 11, 1811; received a classical education, graduating at the University of Georgia at Athens; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Bentonville, Arkansas ; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1842-1845 ; was State prosecuting-attorney 1845-1851 ; was circuit-judge 1851-1853; was elected a represen tative from Arkansas in the Thirty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 7,939 votes against no opposi tion ; was re-elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress, receiving no regular opposition ; was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving 15,399 votes against 6.161 votes for Thomason, American, serving from Decembers, 1853, to March 3, 1859; was commissioner of Indian affairs May 13, 1859- April 13, 1601 ; was a representative from Arkansas in the Confederate Congress. Gregg, Andrew, was born at Carlisle, Pennsyl vania, J une 10, 1755 ; received an academic education ; was for several years a tutor in the University of Pennsylvania; was engaged in mercantile pursuits at Middletown 1783-1789; became a farmer in the wilderness; was elected a representative from Penn sylvania in the Second Congress, and was re-elected to the Third, Fourth, Fifth, Sixth, Seventh, Eighth, and Ninth Congresses, serving from October 24, 1791, to March 3, 1807 ; was elected a United-States senator from Pennsylvania, serving from October 26, 1807, to March 3, 1813, a portion of which time he was presi dent pro tempore of the Senate; removed to Belle- fonte in 1814; was appointed secretary of state for Pennsylvania in 1816; died at Bellefonte, Pennsyl vania, "May 20, 1835. Gregg, James M., was born in Patrick County, Virginia, June 26, 1806; received a public-school education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1830, and commenced practice at Danville, Indiana :. STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 419 was county-surveyor of Hendrick County 1834-1837; was clerk of the Circuit Court 1837-1845; was elected a representative from Indiana in the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 11,787 votes against 10,840 votes for Coburn, Republican, serving from December 7, 1857, to March 3, 1859. Gregory, Dudley S., was born in Connecticut; received a public-school education; removed to New York, where he was engaged in the iron-mines of the Adirondack region ; settled in Jersey City, where he was identified with the legal State lotteries; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Thirtieth Congress as a Whig, receiving 7,322 votes against 4.962 votes for-Cassedy, Democrat, serving from December 6, 1847, to March 3, 1849; held several local offices ; died at Jersey City, New Jersey, Decem ber 8, 1874. Greig, John, was born in Dumfriesshire, Scot land, August 6, 1779 ; was educated at the Edinburgh High School; emigrated to America in 1797; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1804, and commenced practice at Cananduigua, New York; was president of the Ontario Bank 1820-1856; w r as a regent of the State University 1825-1858, serving as vice-chancellor from 1845: was one of the founders of the Ontario Female Seminary; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-seventh Congress as a Whig (in the place of Francis Granger, resigned to accept the office of postmaster-general), serving from May 31, 1841, to September 25, 1841, when he re signed, that Francis Granger (who had been super seded as postmaster-general) might again be elected ; was president of the Ontario Agricultural Society ; died at Canandaigua, April 9, 1858. Grennell, George, jun., was born at Green field, Massachusetts, December 25, 1786; received a classical education at Deerfield Academy, and gradu ated at Dartmouth College with the highest honors in 1808; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1811, and commenced practice at Greenfield; was prosecuting-attorney for Franklin County 1820-1828 ; was a member of the State Senate 1824-1827 ; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Twenty-first Congress as a Whig, and was re-elected to the Twenty-second, Twenty-third, Twenty-fourth, and Twenty-fifth Congresses, serving from December 7, 1829, to March 3, 1839; was a trustee of Amherst College on the part of the Commonwealth 1838- 1859; was judge of probate 1849-1853; was clerk of the Franklin-county courts 1853-1865; was one of the original corporators of the Troy and Greenfield Railroad, and its first president; and, after a serene old age, died at Greenfield, Massachusetts, November 20, 1877. Grey, Benjamin E., was born in Kentucky; received an academic education; studied law, and commenced practice at Hopkinsville ; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1838-1839; was a member of the State Senate 1847-1851 ; was speaker of the Senate and acting lieutenant-governor in 1850; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Thirty-second Congress as a Whig, receiving 7,830 votes against 4, 125 votes for Jennings, Whig; was re-elected to the Thirty-third Congress, receiving 7,076 vt>tes against 6,408 votes for Davie, Democrat, serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1855. Grider, Henry, was born in Garrard County, Kentucky, July 16, 1796; received an academic edu cation; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Bowling Green ; served as a private in the war of 1812; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1827 and 1831, and of the State Senate 1833-1S37 ; was elected a repre sentative from Kentucky in the Twenty-eighth Con gress as a Whig ; was re-elected to the Twenty-ninth Congress, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1847 ; was again elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress as a Union Whig, receiving 10,392 votes against 3,111 votes for Lewis, Secessionist; was re- elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, receiving 8,654 votes against 1,293 votes for Winfrey, Demo crat; and was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Con gress, receiving 6,528 votes against 4,871 votes for Lowry, Union Democrat, serving from July 4, 1861, to September 14, 1866, when he died, in Warren County, Kentucky. Griffin, Cyrus, was born in Virginia in 1749; was sent to England to receive a classical and legal education, and while there married a lady belonging to a noble family; returning to Virginia, he was prominent in pre-Ilevolutionary movements ; was a member of the Colonial House of Burgesses ; was a delegate from Virginia to the Continental Congress 1778-1781 and in 1787-1788, and its president in 1788; was president of the Supreme Court of Admiralty from its creation to its abolition; was commissioner to the Creek nation in 1789 ; was judge of the United- States District Court for the district of Virginia from December, 1789, until his death at Yorktown, Virginia, December 14, 1810. Griffin, Isaac, was born in Pennsylvania; re ceived a public-school education; was elected a rep resentative from Pennsylvania in the Thirteenth Congress as a Democrat ; was re-elected to the Four teenth Congress, serving from May 24, 1813, to March 3, 1817. Griffin, John K., was born at Milton, South Carolina; received an academic education; was elected a representative from South Carolina in the Twenty-second Congress as a State-rights Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-third, Twenty-fourth, Twenty-fifth, and Twenty-sixth Congresses, serving from December 5, 1831, to March 3, 1841; died at Milton, South Carolina, August 1, 1841. Griffin, Samuel, was bom in Virginia ; received a classical education ; studied law, and practised ; was elected a representative from Virginia to the Second Congress ; was re-elected to the Third Con gress, serving from October 24, 1791, to March 3, 1795. Griffin, Thomas, was born in Virginia ; received a classical education ; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Eighth Congress, serving from October 17, 1803, to March 3, 1805. Griffith, Samuel, was born in Wales, Great Britain, February 14, 1816; was educated by a pri vate teacher and at Alleghauy College, Meadville; studied law ; was admitted to the bar in 1846, and engaged in active practice at Mercer; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Forty-sec ond Congress as a Democrat, receiving 14,14(5 votes against 13,337 votes for C. W. Gilfillan, Republican, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1873. Grimes, James W., was born at Deering, New Hampshire, October 20, 1816; was educated at Hamp ton Academy and at Dartmouth College, New Hampshire, graduating in 1836; studied law, and commenced its practice in Iowa; was elected to the General Assembly of Iowa in 1838, and was re-elected for several years; was governor of Iowa from 1854 to 1858; was elected United-States senator from Iowa in 1859 as a Republican (to succeed George W. Jones, Democrat), and was re-elected in 1865, serving from March 4, 1859, to March 3, 1871; he founded a pro fessorship in Iowa College at Grinnell, and furnished free tuition perpetually for several students there and at Dartmouth College, and he established a free public library at Burlington ; soon after leaving the Senate he had a stroke of paralysis, but a European tour improved his health; soon after his return he died at Burlington, Iowa, of heart disease, February 7, 1872. Grinnell, Joseph, was born at New Bedford, Massachusetts, November 17, 1788; was educated at private schools and at Friends Academy; received a mercantile training in his father s counting-room; removed to New York in 1809; commenced business as a commission-merchant, and continued it until 1829, when he retired ; travelled in Europe, and, on his return, removed back to New Bedford ; was a 420 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. member of the governor s council 1839-1841; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Whig, receiving 297 majority; was re-elected to the Twenty-ninth Con gress; was re-elected to the Thirtieth Congress, re ceiving 3,806 votes against 1,788 votes for Coffin, Democrat, and 408 Abolition and scattering; was re-elected to the Thirty-first Congress, receiving 4,719 votes against 2,476 votes for Rowland, Democrat, and 1,199 for Fessenden, Democrat, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1851; was president of the New-Bedford and Taunton Railroad, of the First National Bank, and of the Wamsutta cotton factory. Grinnell, Josiah B., was born at New Haven, Vermont, December 22, 1821; received a classical and theological education ; removed to Iowa in 1855, and engaged largely in agricultural pursuits, devoting himself especially to wool-growing ; was a member of the State Senate for four years ; was a special agent of the Post-office Department for two years; was elected a representative from Iowa in the Thirty- eighth Congress as a Republican, receiving 12,9UO votes against 11,529 votes for Martin, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiving 16,916 votes against 10,592 votes for Ira C. Mitchell, Democrat, serving from December 7, 1863, to March 3, 1867. Grinnell, Moses H., was born at New Bedford, Massachusetts, March 3, 1803 ; received an academic education; entered a counting-room at New York in 1818; made several voyages as supercargo; became a partner in the house of Fish, Grinnell, & Co., which in 1832 became the house of Grinnell, Minturn, & Co., and from which he retired in 1860; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty -sixth Congress as a Whig, receiving 20,563 votes against 19,205 votes for C. C. Cambreleng, Democrat, serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1841 ; was defeat ed as the Whig candidate to the Twenty-seventh Congress, receiving 20,996 votes against 22,010 votes for J. J. Roosevelt, Democrat; was a presidential elector on theFillmore and Dayton ticket; was presi dent of the Chamber of Commerce, president of the Merchants Clerks Savings Bank, a commissioner of charities and corrections, a member of the original Central-park Commission, and a member of the Union Defence Committee ; was collector of the port of New York March, 1869- July, 1870; died of heart- complaint at New York November 24, 1877. Griswold, Gaylord, was born in Connecticut; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1787 ; removed to Herkimer, New York ; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1796-1798; was elected a representative from New York in the Eighth Congress, serving from October 17, 1803, to March 3, 1805. Griswold, John A., was born at Nassau, New York, in 1822; received an academic education; en gaged in mercantile pursuits, and became a large manufacturer of iron and Bessemer steel ; was mayor of the city of Troy in 1850 ; was elected a representa tive from New York in the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 12,226 votes against 10,939 votes for Dodd, Republican; was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress as a Republican, receiving 15,251 votes against 12,928 votes for William A. Van Alstyne, Democrat; was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, receiving 15,689 votes against 10,373 votes for Milliman, Democrat, serving from December 7, 1863, to March 3, 1869; was defeated as the Repub lican candidate for governor of New York in 1868 by John T. Hoffman, Democrat, who received a majority of 27,946; died at Troy, New York, October 31, 1872. Griswold, John A., was born in Greene County, New York, in 1827 ; received an academic education ; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Greene County; was district-attorney of Greene County 1856-1859; was county-judge 1864-1 868; was elected a representative from New York in the Forty-first Congress as a Democrat, receiving 12,201 votes against 11,692 votes for Cornell, Republican, serving from March 4, 1869, to March 3, 1871. Griswold, Roger, was born at Lyme, Connect icut, May 21, 1762; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1780 ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar in 1783, and commenced practice at Norwich; removed back to Lyme in 1794; was elected a representative from Connecticut in the Fourth Congress as a Federalist; was re-elected to the Fifth, Sixth, Seventh, and Eighth Congresses, serving from December 7, 1795, to March 3, 1805 ; was appointed a judge of the Supreme Court of Connecticut in 1807; was a presidential elector on the Pinckney and King ticket in 1809 ; was lieutenant- governor of Connecticut 1809-1811, and governor 1811-1813; removed in 1814 to Norwich, Connecticut, and died there October 25, 1812. Griswold, Stanley, was born at Torringford, Connecticut, November, 1768; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1786; studied theology ; was pastor of the church at Mil- ford, Connecticut, 1790-1802 ; preached a short time at Greenfield, Massachusetts; became the editor of a Democratic paper at Walpole, New Hampshire, in 1804; was appointed by President Jefferson secretary of the Territory of Michigan in 1805; removed to Ohio; was appointed a United-States senator from Ohio (in place of Edward Tiffin, resigned), serving from June 2, 1809, to January 12, 1810, when his successor took his seat; was appointed United-States judge for the North-west Territory; died at Shawnee- town, Illinois, August 21, 1815. Groesbeck, William S., was born in New York in 1826; received an academic education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and com menced practice at Cincinnati, Ohio ; was a member of the State Constitutional Convention in 1851 ; was a commissioner to codify the laws of Ohio in 1852 ; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirty- fifth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 5,738 votes against 4,343 votes for Gtirley, Republican, and 3,229 for Harrison, American, serving from December 7, 1857, to March 3, 1859; was a member of the Peace Congress of 1861 ; was a member of the State Senate of Ohio in 1862; was a delegate to the National Union Convention at Philadelphia in 1866 ; was one of the counsel of President Johnson when he was im peached before the Senate in 1868. Gross, Ezra C., was born in Windsor County, Vermont; received a classical education, graduating at the University of Vermont in 1806; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Elizabethtown, New York; was surrogate of Essex County 1819-1821 ; was elected a representative from New York in the Sixteenth Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 6, 1819, to March 3, 1821; was elected to the State House of Representatives in 1828 and 1829 ; and died at Keeseville, New York, August 6, 1829. Gross, Samuel, was born in Montgomery County, Pennsylvania; received a public-school education; was elected a representative front Penn sylvania in the Sixteenth Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Seventeenth Congress, serving from December 6, 1819, to March 3, 1823. Grosvenqr, Thomas P., was born at Pomfret, Connecticut, in 1780; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1806; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Hudson, New York; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1810-1812; was elected a representative from New York in the Twelfth Con gress (in place of Robert LeRoy Livingston, re signed) as a Federalist; was re-elected to the Thir teenth and Fourteenth Congresses, serving from January 29, 1813, to March 3, 1817. Grout, Jonathan, was born at Lunenburg, STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 421 Worcester County, Massachusetts, July 23, 1737; served in the colonial expedition against Canada 1757-1760; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Petersham, Massachusetts, where he owned a valuable farm, which he carried on ; served in the Revolutionary war ; was somewhat identified with Shays s rebellion; was a member of the State House of Representatives ; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the First Con gress, after several trials, as a Democrat, serving from March 4, 1789, to March 3, 1791 ; became pecuniarily embarrassed, and left Massachusetts in 1803, residing much of his time at Lunenburg, Vermont ; and died at Dover, New Hampshire, while attending to pro fessional business there, September 8, 1807. Grove, William B., was born in North Caro lina, and was a representative from that State in the Second, Third, Fourth, Fifth, Sixth, and Seventh Congresses, serving from October 24, 1791, to March 3, 1803. Grover, A. P., was born in Ontario County, New York, February 18, 1819 ; removed to Kentucky in 1837; received a collegiate education at Centre College; studied law, and commenced practice in 1843 at Louisville, Kentucky ; was a member of the State Senate of Kentucky in 1858, 1859, 1860, 1861, 1862, 1863, 1864, and 1865 ; was elected a representa tive from Kentucky in the Fortieth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 7,118 votes against 2,417 votes for Jacob, Conservative, and 742 for Ballitt, Radical, serving from December 3, 1867, to March 3, 1869. Grover, Lafayette, was born at Bethel, Oxford County, Maine ; received a classical education ; was two years at Bowdoin College ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar in 1850, and commenced practice at Phila delphia; removed to Oregon ; was elected by the Terri torial legislature prosecuting-attorney for the Second Judicial District, and as auditor of public accounts for the Territory 1851-1852 ; was elected a member of the legislature in 1853; was appointed by the Department of the Interior as a commissioner to audit the spoliation claims growing out of the Rogue- river Indian war in 1854; was again elected a member of the legislature in 1855, at which session he served as speaker of the House; was appointed by the secretary of war as a member of the board of com missioners to audit the Indian-war expenses of Oregon and Washington in 1856; was a delegate to the convention which framed the constitution of Oregon in 1857; was elected a representative from Oregon in the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Demo crat, receiving 5,859 votes against 4,199 votes for Kelly and 47 for McBride, Republicans, and serving from February 15, 1859, to March 3, 1859; was chair man of the Democratic State Central Committee 1866-1870; was elected governor of Oregon in 1870 for the term of four years; was re-elected in 1874, and served until February 1, 1877, when he resigned, having been elected to the United-States Senate as a Democrat (to succeed James K. Kelly, Democrat), and took his seat March 8, 1877. His term of service will expire March 3, 1883. Grover, Martin, was born in the State of New- York ; received an English education ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Angelica, New York ; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-ninth Congress as a Native- American Democrat, receiving 9,115 votes against 8,893 votes for Cady, Whig, serving from December 1. 1845, to March 3, 1847; was elected, in November, 1857, a justice of the Supreme Court for an unex- pired term of two years, and was elected in 1859 for a full term; was elected in 1867 judge of the Court of Appeals; and, when that branch of the New-York judiciary was re-organized, he was elected an associate judge in 1870 for a term of fourteen years ; he died at Angelica, New York, August 23, 1875. Grow, Galusha A., was born at Ashford, Con necticut, August 31, 1823 ; received a classical edu cation, graduating at Amherst College in 1844; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1847, and commenced practice at Ashford; removed in 1848 to Glenwood in Pennsylvania, which was in the famous "Wilmot District;" was elected a rep resentative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-second Congress as a Republican, receiving 6,880 votes against 5,730 votes for Adams, Whig; was re-elected to the Thirty-third Congress, receiving 8,062 votes against 495 votes for Horton ; was re-elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress, receiving no opposition ; was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving 13,325 votes against 5,361 votes for Sherwood, Demo crat ; was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, re ceiving 11,165 votes against 3,359 votes for Joel Parkhurst, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty- seventh Congress, receiving 14,922 votes against 5,984 votes for Sherwood, Democrat, serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1863. During the Thirty-seventh Congress he served as speaker of the House; was a delegate to the National Repub lican Conventions which nominated Lincoln and Grant; removed to Philadelphia in 1869, and en gaged in manufacturing ; was elected in 1872 presi dent of a Texas railroad, and removed to that State, where he resided until 1877, when he returned to Pennsylvania. Grundy, Felix, was born in Berkeley County, Virginia, September 11, 1777; when he was two years of age his family removed to Brownsville, Pennsylvania, and thence, in 1780, to Kentucky; received an academic education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised ; was a member of the Kentucky Constitutional Convention of 1799; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1800-1805; was chosen judge of the Supreme Court of Kentucky in 1806, and soon afterwards chief justice; removed to Nashville, Tennessee, in 1807; was elected a representative from Tennessee in the Twelfth Congress as a War Democrat ; was re-elected to the Thirteenth Congress, receiving 3,058 votes against 769 votes for Cannon, Whig, serving from November 4, 1811, to 1814, when he resigned; was a member of the Tennessee House of Representatives 1815-1819; was elected a United-States senator from Tennessee (in place of John H. Eaton, resigned), serving from December 7, 1820, to July 4, 1838, when he resigned ; was appointed by President Van Buren attorney-general of the United States, serving from July 5, 1838, to December 1, 1840, when he resigned, having again been elected United-States senator. Having doubts as to whether he was eligible, he returned to Tennessee; and, becoming an "in habitant" of the State, he was again elected De cember 14, 1840; but he died at Nashville, Tennessee, December 19, 1840. Gunckel, Lewis B., was born at Germantown, Ohio, October 15, 1826; graduated at Farmer s Col lege in 1848, and at the law-scHool of Cincinnati College in 1851; was admitted to the bar the same year, and has been in active practice in Dayton ever since; was a delegate to the National Republican Convention in 1856 ; was a member of the Senate of Ohio during the sessions of 1862, 1863, 1864, and 1865 ; was a presidential elector in the Ohio Electoral College of 1864; was appointed by Congress one of the managers of the National Asylum for Disabled Volunteer Soldiers in 1864, and re-appointed for a term of six years in 1870; was appointed United- States commissioner to investigate Indian frauds in 1871 ; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Forty-third Congress as a Republican, receiving 16,604 votes against 14,627 votes for J. J. Winans, Liberal Republican, serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1875; was defeated as the Republican candidate for the Forty-fourth Congress, receiving 14,312 votes against 15,411 votes for J. A. McMahon, Democrat. Gunn, James, was born in Virginia; received an academic education; studied law; was admitted 422 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. to the bar, and commenced practice at Savannah, Georgia; was elected a United-States senator from Georgia in the First Congress; and was re-elected, . sen-ing from March 4, 1789, to March 3, 1801. Gunter, Thomas Monticue, was born in Mid dle Tennessee, September 18, 1820 ; received a clas sical education, graduating at Irving College in 1850; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and com menced practice at Fayetteville in 1853 ; was a dele gate from Washington County in the Arkansas State Convention of May, 1861 ; served in the Confederate army as colonel of the Thirteenth Arkansas Volun teers ; was elected prosecuting-attcrney for the Fourth Judicial Circuit in 18(56, and held the office until his official position was terminated by the reconstruction of the State in 1868 ; contested the seat of W. W. Wil- shire in the Forty-third Congress, and the House declared that he was entitled to it June 16, 1874; was re-elected a representative from Arkansas in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 7,828 votes against 791 votes for W. L. Landers, Repub- lican; and was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 12,355 votes against 4,167 votes for Huckle berry, Republican, serving from June 16, 1874. Gurley, Henry H. ? was born at Lebanon, Con necticut, in 1787; received a classical education, graduating at Williamstown College; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Baton Rouge, Louisiana; was United-States judge for the district of Louisiana; was elected a repre sentative from Louisiana in the Eighteenth Con gress, defeating W. S. Hamilton ; was re-elected to the Nineteenth Congress without opposition; was re-elected to the Twentieth Congress, receiving 137 majority over W. S. Hamilton ; was re-elected to the Twenty-first Congress, serving from December 1, 1823, to March 3, 1831 ; died at Baton Rouge, Louisi ana, in 1832. Gurley, John A., was born at East Hartford, Connecticut, December 9, 1813; received an academic education; studied theology; was ordained as pastor of a Universalist church at Methuen, Massachusetts, 1834-1837; removed to Cincinnati, Ohio, where he was pastor of a society, and editor of "The Star in the West;" retired from the ministry in 1850; was defeated as the Republican candidate for the Thirty- fifth Congress, receiving 4,343 votes against 5,738 votes for W. S. Groesbeck, Democrat ; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirty-sixth Con gress as a Republican, receiving 8,054 votes against 7,263 votes for W. S. Groesbeck, Democrat ; was re- elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress, receiving 8,469 votes against 7,586 votes for Long, Democrat, serving from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 1863; was appointed by President Lincoln governor of Ari zona, and was on his way there, when he died sud denly at Cincinnati, Ohio, August 19, 1863. Gustine, Amos, resided at Mifflintown, Penn sylvania; was elected a representative from that State in the Twenty-seventh Congress as a Demo crat (in the place of William S. Ramsey, deceased), serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1843. Guthrie, James, was born in Nelson County, Kentucky, December 5, 1792 ; was educated at McAl- istcr s Academy, Bardstown, Kentucky; commenced life in the Mississippi-river trade, buying up the produce of the country, and taking it to New Orleans in flatboats, returning by land cither on foot or on horseback; studied and practised law at Bardstown, Kentucky; in 1S2L) moved to Louisville with an ap pointment from the governor as Commonwealth s attorney ; was a member of the legislature of Ken tucky for a number of years, first as representative, and afterwards as senator; was elected a delegate to and chosen president of the convention that framed the new constitution of Kentucky ; was president of the University of Louisville, of the Louisville and Portland Canal Company, and of the Loiiisville and Nashville Railroad Company; was appointed secre tary of the treasury in 1853; was elected United- States senator from Kentucky as a Democrat (to succeed L. Powell), serving from March 4, 18C5, to February 7, 1868, when he resigned on account of ill health; died at Louisville, Kentucky, March 13, 1869. Guyon, James, jun., was born in Richmond County, New York, in 1777; received an academic education; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1812-1814 ; was elected a representa tive from New York in the Sixteenth Congress, hav ing successfully contested the election of Ebonezer Sage, serving from January 14, 1820, to March 3, 1820 ; died on his ancestral estate in Richmond Coun ty, New York, March 8, 1846. " Gwin, William M., was born in Summer County, Tennessee, October 9, 1805; received a clas sical education, graduating at Transylvania Univer sity, Lexington, Kentucky; studied medicine; was admitted to practice, and removed to Mississippi; was appointed United-States marshal for Mississippi in October, 1833 ; was elected a representative from Mississippi in the Twenty-seventh Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 23, 1841, to March 3, 1843; was superintendent of the erection of the Custom House at New Orleans : removed to Califor nia in 1848; was a member of the Constitutional Convention in 1849; was elected one of the first United-States senators from California as a Demo crat, serving from September 10, 1850, to March 3, 1855 ; was re-elected a senator, serving from Febru ary 16, 1857, to March 3, 1861; was identified with the Southern Confederacy, and with the Mexican imperial government of Maximilian as the leader of a proposed southern emigration to Sonora; returned to California, and engaged in agricultural pursuits. Gwinnett, Button, was born in England in 1732; received an academic education; immigrated to America in 1770, and settled at Charleston, where he engaged in commercial pursuits; removed to St. Catherine s Island, Georgia, and became a planter; was prominent in the ante-Revolutionary movements ; was a delegate from Georgia to the Continental Congress 1775-1776, and was one of the signers of the Declaration of Independence ; was a member of the State Constitutional Convention in February, 1777; was an unsuccessful candidate for governor of Geor gia; was mortally wounded in a duel with General Mclntosh May 15, 1777, and died May 27, 1777. Habersham, John, was born at Savannah, Georgia, in 1754; received a good English education; engaged in mercantile pursuits ; took an active part in pre-Revolutionary movements ; was major of the First Georgia Continental Regiment ; was a member of the Continental Congress from Georgia 1785-1786; was collector of customs at Savannah 1789-1799; died at his residence, near Savannah, November 19, 1799. Habersham, Joseph, was born at Savannah, Georgia, July 28, 1751; received a thorough English education; engaged in mercantile pursuits; was one of the original Sons of Liberty in July, 1774; took an active part in pre-Revolutionary movements, and in several seizures of royal munitions of war; served in the Revolutionary army as major, and afterwards as lieutenant-colonel of the First Georgia Battalion ; w r as a member of the State Assembly and its speaker in 1785 and 1790; was postmaster-general of the United States February 25, 1795-November 28, 1801 ; was president of the branch of the United-States Bank at Savannah from 1802 until the expiration of its charter; died at Savannah, Georgia, November 17, 1815. Habersham, Richard W., was born at Savan nah, Georgia, in 1786; received a classical education, graduating at Princeton College in 1805; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice at Clarkesville, Habersham County; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Twenty-sixth Congress as a State-rights Democrat, receiving 32, 150 votes against 30,967 votes for Iverson, Democrat; STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 423 and was re-elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress, receiving 39,379 votes against 35,496 votes for Edward J. Black, Democrat, serving from December 2, 1839, until his death at Clarkesvifle, Georgia, December 2, 1842. Hackett, Thomas C., was born in Georgia; received a public-school education ; resided at Home ; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Thirty-first Congress as a Democrat, receiving 8,773 votes against 5, 864 votes for Calhoun, Whig, and serv ing from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1851 ; died at Marietta, Georgia, October 8, 1851. Hackley, Aaron, jun., was born at New Haven, Connecticut ; received a public-school education ; re moved to Herkimer, New York ; was a member of the New- York State House of Representatives 1814, 1815, and 1818; was elected a representative from New York in the Sixteenth Congress, serving from Decem ber 6, 1819, to March 3, 1821. Hagans, John Marshall, was born at Bran- donville, Virginia, August 13, 1838; received an aca demic education ; attended the law -school at Harvard University, and was admitted to the bar in 1859; was elected prosecuting-attorney for Monongalia County, West Virginia, in 1862 ; was re-elected in 1863, 1864, and 1870 ; was appointed law-reporter of the Supreme Court of Appeals of West Virginia in January, 1864, and held the position until the 4th of March, 1873; was elected mayor of Morgantowii in 1866, 1867, and 1869; was the elector on the Republican ticket for the Second Congressional District during the presi dential contest in 1868; was elected a delegate for the County of Monongalia to the convention which framed the present constitution of West Virginia in October, 1871 ; and was elected a representative from West Virginia in the Forty-third Congress in August, 1872, as a Republican, receiving a majority of 2,841 over his competitors, serving from January 27, 1874, to March 3, 1875; his election was unsuc cessfully contested by Benjamin F. Martin. Hager, John S., was born in Morris County, New Jersey, March 12, 1818; was graduated at Princeton College, New Jersey, in 1836; was ad mitted to the bar in 1840, and practised law at Morristown, New Jersey; went to California in 1849; in 1852 was elected to the State Senate from the city and county of San Francisco, and served two years ; in 1855 was elected State district-judge for the district of San Francisco, and served six years ; in 1865, and again in 1867, was elected to the State Senate from San Francisco, and served six years; in 1871 was elected a regent of the University of the State of California; was elected United-States senator from California as an Anti-Monopoly Democrat (for the unexpired term of Eugene Casserly, resigned), and served from February 9, 1874, to March 3, 1875. Hahn, John, was born in Pennsylvania; was elected a representative from that State in the Four teenth Congress, serving from December 4, 1815, to March 3, 1817. Hahn, Michael, was born at Klingeminster, Bavaria, November 7, 1830; his family emigrated in the following year to New- York City, where they remained until 1840; they then removed to Texas, and soon after to New Orleans; received a public- sehool education; studied law in the office of Christian Roselius ; was admitted to the bar before he was twenty-one, and commenced practice at New Orleans; was appointed a notary under the Con federate-States Government, and took an oath of allegiance to the Southern Confederacy; when the Union forces captured New Orleans he repudiated this oath, and identified himself with the reconstruc tion movements; was elected a representative from Louisiana in the Thirty-seventh Congress as a Unionist, receiving 2,581 votes against 1,450 votes for Durell, Unionist, and 436 votes for Jacob Barker, Secessionist, and serving from February 17, 1863, to March 3, 1863; was governor of Louisiana 1864- 1868. Haight, Charles, was born at Colt s Neck, New Jersey, January 4, 1838; graduated at Princeton College in 1857; studied and practised law; was a member of the State legislature of New Jersey in 1861 and 1862, serving the last year as speaker of the House; was commissioned as brigadier-general of militia in 1861, and was active in raising troops during the war for the suppression of the Rebellion ; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Fortieth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 13,825 votes against 13,476 votes for Newell, Republican; and was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress, re ceiving 16,299 votes against 15,494 votes for Rusling, Republican, serving from March 4, 1867, to March 3, 1871. Haight, Edward, was born at New York March 26, 1817 ; received a public-school education ; engaged in mercantile pursuits; was president of the Bank of the Commonwealth, and a director of several charitable institutions; resided at Westchcster; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty- seventh Congress as a Democrat, receiving 11,389 votes against 9,882 votes for Nelson, Republican, and serving from July 4, 1861, to March 3, 1863. Haile, W^illiam, was born in 1797 ; removed to Mississippi, and settled at Woodville; held several local offices; was elected a representative from Mississippi in the Nineteenth Congress (in place of Christopher Rankin, deceased), and was re-elected to the Twentieth Congress, receiving 1,265 votes against 1,016 votes for Bingham, and 911 votes for Grayson, serving from December 4, 1826, to 1828, when he resigned; died at Woodville, Mississippi, March 7, 1837. Hailey, John, was born in Smith County, Ten nessee, August 29, 1835 ; received a limited common- school education ; removed with his parents to Mis souri in 1848; left home in 1853, and went to Oregon; left Oregon in 1863, and settled in Idaho; and was elected a delegate from Idaho in the Forty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 2,C99 votes against 1,654 votes for J. W. Huston, Republican, serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1875. Haldeman, Richard J., was born at Harris- burg, Pennsylvania, May 19, 1831 ; studied in the acad emy and at Captain Partridge s military school at Harrisburg; graduated at Yale College, Connecticut, in August, 1851 ; the same year he visited Europe, and studied a short time in the universities of Berlin and Heidelberg; in 1853 he went with Hon. John Y. Mason, United-States minister to France, as attache of legation in Paris, and later accompanied Hon. Thomas H. Seymour in a similar capacity to St. Petersburg; he travelled throughout Scandinavia, Central and Southern Europe, and the Far East; in 1857 purchased "The Daily and Weekly Patriot and Union" in Harrisburg, and edited it until 1860; in 1860 he was a delegate to the Charleston and Balti more conventions ; he was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Forty-first Congress as a Democrat, receiving 15,818 votes against 12,519 votes for Small; and was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress, receiving 13,866 votes against 10,416 votes for W. B. Raber, Republican, serving from March 4, 1869, to March 3, 1873. Hale, Artemas, was born at Winchendon, Massachusetts, October 20, 1783 ; worked on a farm until he was twenty-one years of age, receiving a public-school education ; taught school at Hingham 1804-1814; removed to Bridgewater, where he en gaged in manufacturing ; was a member of the State Senate and House of Representatives for several years; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention in 1853; was elected a Representative from Massachusetts in the Twenty-ninth Congress (in the place of Isaac C. Bates, deceased) as a Whig, and was re-elected to the Thirtieth Congress, receiv ing 4,937 votes against 3,718 votes for Hooper, Demo crat, and 1,205 votes Abolition and scattering, serving from December 7, 1846, to March 3, 1849; was a 424 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. presidential elector on the Lincoln and Johnson ticket in 1864. Hale, Eugene, was born at Turner, Maine, June 9, 1836; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1857, and commenced practice at Ellsworth ; was for nine successive years county-attorney for Hancock County; was a member of the legislature of Maine in 1867 and 1868; was elected a representative from Maine in the Forty-first Congress as a Republican, receiving 14,363 votes against 11,677 votes for Wis- well, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress, receiving 10,806 votes against 8,876 votes for P. J. Carleton, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress, receiving 14,181 votes against 10,918 votes for F. A. Pike, Liberal Republican; was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Congress, receiving 10,695 votes against 8,226 votes for C. A. Spofford, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 15,089 votes against 12,178 votes for W. H. McLellan, Democrat, serving from March 4, 1869. He declined the oifice of postmaster-general offered him by President Grant in June, 1874, and by President Hayes in March, 1877. Hale, James T., was born in Bradford County, Pennsylvania, October, 1810 ; received a public-school education ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar in 1832, and commenced practice at Bellefonte, Penn sylvania; was appointed president -judge of the Twentieth Judicial District; was elected a repre sentative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Republican, receiving 9,238 votes against 7,349 votes for White, Democrat; was re- elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress, receiving 11,907 votes against 10,243 votes for Fleming, Demo crat; and was re-elected to the Thirty-eighth Con gress, receiving 9,272 votes against 8,855 votes for Armstrong, Republican, serving from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 1865 ; died at Bellefonte, Pennsyl vania, April 7, 1865. Hale, John Parker, was born at Rochester, New Hampshire, March 31, 1806; received a classical education, graduating at Bowdoin College in 1827; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1830, and commenced practice at Dover, New Hamp shire; was a member of the State House of Rep resentatives in 1832; was appointed by President Jackson in 1834 United-States attorney for the district of New Hampshire, and was removed by President Tyler in 1840 for party reasons; was elected a representative from New Hampshire in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1845; was re- nominated by the Democrats as their candidate for the Twenty-ninth Congress, but his views against the annexation of Texas on antislavery grounds caused the Democratic leaders to pronounce him a traitor, call a new convention, and nominate another candidate ; he ran as an Independent candidate, re ceiving 3,137 votes against 5,388 votes for Woodbury, Democrat, and 4,357 votes for Goodwin, Whig (there being no choice, the district was unrepresented) ; was again elected to the legislature in 1846, and was chosen speaker; was elected a United-States senator as an Antislavery man, serving from December 6, 1847, to March 3, 1853; was nominated in 1852 as the Free-soil candidate for the presidency against Franklin Pierce, Democrat, and Winfield Scott, Whig, receiving 157,685 votes, of which 440 were from the slave States; at the expiration of his senatorial term the Democrats were in power, and he was not re-elected ; he devoted the ensuing two years to professional duties in New- York City, but retained his residence in Dover; was elected again in 1855 to the United-States Senate for the short term, and re-elected for the long term, serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1865; he was appointed by President Lincoln minister to Spain, serving March, 1865-July, 1869 ; returning to Dover, his health became impaired, which he ascribed to the results of the National-hotel poisoning; and he met with two accidents, which caused him great pain until he died at Dover, New Hampshire, November 18, 1873. Hale, Robert S., was born at Chelsea, Vermont, September 24, 1822 ; graduated at the University of Vermont in 1842; studied law, and, after having been admitted to the bar, practised at Elizabethtown, New York; was judge of Essex County, New York, from 1856 until 1864; was appointed a regent of the University of New York in 1859; was a presidential elector from the Twenty-first District of New York in 1860; was special counsel of the United States, charged with the defence of the " abandoned and captured property claims" from 1868 to 1870; was agent and counsel for the United States before the American and British Mixed Commission under the Treaty of Washington from 1871 to 1873; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty- ninth Congress (to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Orlando Kellogg) ; and was elected to the Forty-third Congress as a Republican, receiving 11,025 votes against 8,174 votes for II. Heaton, Demo crat, serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1875. Hale, Salma, was born at Alsted, New Hamp shire, March 7, 1787; learned the art of printing in the office of " The Walpole Farmer s Museum," and in 1805 became the editor of " The Walpole Political Observatory;" studied law with Hon. Roger Vose; was appointed clerk of the Cheshire-county Court of Common Pleas, and removed to Keene in 1813; was elected as a Democrat to the Fifteenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1817, until March 3, 1819, and declined a re-election ; was clerk of the Supreme Court of New Hampshire from May, 1817, until May, 1834; was admitted to the bar in October, 1834; was secretary to the Boundary Commission .appointed under the Treaty of Ghent; was several times a member of the New-Hampshire Senate and House of Representatives; died at Keene November 19, 1866. He published the "Annals of Keene," a "History of the United States for Schools," and other works. Hale, William, was born at Dover, New Hamp shire ; received a thorough English education ; held several local offices; was elected a representative from New Hampshire in the Eleventh Congress as a Federalist, serving from May 22, 1809, to March 3, 1811 ; was again elected to the Thirteenth Congress on the Peace ticket headed by Daniel Webster, re ceiving 18,583 votes against 16,066 votes for D. L. Merrill, War Democrat; and was re-elected to the Fourteenth Congress, serving from May 24, 1813, to March 3, 1817; died at Dover, New Hampshire, November 8, 1840. Haley, Blisha, was born at Mystic, Connecticut ; received a public-school education; was elected a representative from Connecticut in the Twenty- fourth Congress as a Democrat ; was re-elected to the Twenty-fifth Congress, serving from December 7, 1835, to March 3, 1839. Hall, Augustus, was born at Batavia, New York, April 29, 1814; received an academical educa tion ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar in 1836, and commenced practice at Marysville, Ohio, in 1837; was county-attorney 1840-1842; removed to Kessauque, Iowa, in 1844; was a presidential elector on the Pierce and King ticket in 1852 ; was elected a representative from Iowa in the Thirty-fourth Con gress as a Democrat, receiving 11,221 votes against 11,042 votes for R. G. B. Clarke, Republican, and serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1857; his election was unsuccessfully contested by Mr. Clarke ; was appointed by President Buchanan chief justice of Nebraska; died near Bellevue, Nebraska, February 1, 1861. Hall, Boiling, was born in Georgia in 1789; re ceived a classical education from a private tutor; held several local offices ; was for four years a mem ber of the State legislature; was elected a repre- STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 425 sentative from Georgia in the Twelfth, Congress as a War Democrat on a general ticket, receiving 13,126 votes; was re-elected to the Thirteenth and Four teenth Congresses from March 4, 1811, to March 3, 1817; retired to private life; removed to Alabama, where he engaged in planting, near Montgomery, and died March 25, 1836. Hall, Chapin, was born at Ellicott, Chautauqua County, New York, July 12, 1816; received a public- school education ; removed to Warren, Pennsylvania; engaged in lumbering and mercantile operations; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Republican, receiving 8,905 votes against 8,111 votes for James L. Gillis, Democrat, serving from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 1861. Hall, George, was born at New Haven, Con necticut; received a public-school education; re moved to Onondaga, New York; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1816; was elected a representative from New York in the Six teenth Congress, serving from December 6, 1819, to March 3, 1821. Hall, Hiland, was born at Bennington, Ver mont, July 20, 1795; received a public-school edu cation; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1819, and commenced practice at Bennington; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1827; was State s attorney 1828-1831; was elected a representative from Vermont in the Twenty- second Congress as a Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty -third, Twenty -fourth, Twenty -fifth, and Twenty -sixth Congresses, receiving at the last election 5,211 votes against 4,328 votes for John Roberts, Democrat, and 138 scattering; was re- elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress, receiving 6,381 votes against 4,116 votes for Daniel Kellogg, Democrat, serving from December 5, 1831, to March 3, 1843; was State bank-commissioner 1843-1846; was judge of the State Supreme Court 1846-1850; was second comptroller of the treasury November 27, 1850-September 10, 1851 ; was United-States land- commissioner for California 1851-1854; returning to Vermont, he resided on the farm on which he was born ; was governor of Vermont 1859 ; was a delegate to the Peace Congress of 1861. He published the History of Vermont. Hall, Joseph, was born in Essex County, Massa chusetts, June 26, 1793; received an academical education at Andover; removed to Camden, Maine, and engaged in mercantile pursuits ; was a sheriff, and held other local offices ; was for four years post master at Camden, Maine ; was elected a representa tive from Maine in the Twenty-third Congress as a Democrat; and was re-elected to the Twenty-fourth Congress, receiving 1,600 majority, serving from De cember 2, 1833, to March 3, 1837; was navy agent of the port of Boston 1849-1853; was a clerk in the Boston Custom House; died in 1857. Hall, Lawrence W\, was born in Lake County, Ohio, in 1819; received a classical education, gradu ating at Hudson College in 1839; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1843, and commenced practice at Bucyrus; was judge of the Court of Common Pleas 1851-1856; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 9,561 votes against 9,382 votes for Watson, Repub lican, serving from December 7, 1857, to March 3, 1859 ; was imprisoned for alleged disloyalty in 1862 ; and died, shortly after his release, at Bucyrus, Ohio, January 26, 1863. Hall, Lyman, was born in Connecticut in 1725; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1747; studied medicine; was licensed to practise, and established himself at Sunbury, Georgia ; took an active part in pre-Revolutionary movements, and was a member of the conventions held in i774 and 1775; was sent as a delegate to the Continental Congress in March, 1775, by the parish of St. John s; he was elected in July by the whole province, and was re-elected several times, serving until 1780, when he was called home by the invasion of the State by the British, who confiscated his property; was gov ernor of Georgia in 1783 ; and died in Burke County, Georgia, October 19, 1790. Hall, Nathan K., was born at Marcellus, New York, March 28, 1810; received an academical educa tion; studied law at Buffalo with Millard Fillmore ; was admitted to the bar in 1832, and commenced practice at Buffalo as a member of the firm of Fill- more, Hall, & Haven; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1846 ; was elected a rep resentative from New York in the Thirtieth Congress as a Whig, serving from December 6, 1847, to March 3, 1849 ; was appointed by Mr. Fillmore postmaster- general, serving from July 23, 1850- August 31, 1852; was appointed United-States district-judge for the western district of New York, and held the position until his death at Buffalo, New York, March 2, 1874. Hall, Obed, was elected a representative from New Hampshire in the Twelfth Congress, serving from November 4, 1811, to March 3, 1813. Hall, Robert B., was born at Boston, Massachu setts, January 28, 1812; received a liberal education; studied theology, and was ordained ; was one of the twelve original members of Garrison s Antislavery Society in 1832; removed to Plymouth, Massachu setts; was a member of the State Senate in 1855; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Thirty-fourth Congress as an American, receiving 5,335 votes against 2,238 votes for Thomas D. Elliot, Whig, and 854 votes scattering ; and was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Republican, receiv ing 7,094 votes against 1,830 votes for Moses Bates, jun., Democrat, and 1,601 votes for Daniel Fisher, Abolitionist, serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1859; was a delegate to the Union Convention at Philadelphia in 1866 ; died at Plymouth, Massachu setts, of apoplexy. Hall, Thomas H., was born in Edgecombe County, North Carolina, in 1733; received a classical education; studied medicine, and practised medicine at Tarborough; was elected a representative from North Carolina in the Fifteenth, Sixteenth, Seven teenth, and Eighteenth Congresses as a Democrat, serving from December 1, 1817, until March 3, 1825; was defeated for re-election by Richard Hines ; was again elected to the Twentieth, Twenty-first, Twenty- second, and Twenty-third Congresses, serving from December 3, 1827, to March 3, 1835 ; was a member of the State Senate of North Carolina in 1836; died at Tarborough, North Carolina, June 30, 1853. Hall, Willard, was born at Westford, Massa chusetts, December 24, 1780; received a classical education, graduating at Harvard College in 1799; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1803, and commenced practice at Wilmington, Delaware ; was secretary of state of the State of Delaware 1811-1814; was elected a representative from Delaware in the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Congresses, serving from December 1, 1817, to March 3, 1821 ; was again secre tary of state in 1821; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1822 ; was United-States district-judge for the district of Delaware 1823-1872, when he resigned ; and died at Wilmington, Delaware, May 10, 1875. He published a revision of the State laws of Delaware in 1829. Hall, Willard P., was born in Virginia; re moved to St. Joseph, Missouri ; was elected a repre sentative from that State in the Thirtieth Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-first Congress, receiving 10,840 votes against 4,418 votes for Samuel, Whig; and was re-elected to the Thirty- second Congress, receiving 5,606 votes against 5,505 votes for Bowman, Whig, and 3,826 votes for Gar- denhire, Democrat, serving from December 6, 1847, to March 3, 1853; was lieutenant-governor of Mis souri in 1861-1862, and acting governor. Hall, William, was born in Virginia in 1774; received an English education; removed to Green 426 CONGKESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Garden, Tennessee; served in the Indian wars, and commanded a regiment of Tennessee riflemen under General Jackson in the war of 1812; was for a num ber of years a member of the State legislature, and, as speaker of the Senate, became governor of Ten nessee on the resignation of Governor Sam. Houston in 18:20; was major-general of militia; was elected a representative from "Tennessee in the Twenty-second Congress as a Democrat, receiving 114 majority over Robert M. Barton, serving from December 5, 1831, to March 2, 1833; died at Green Garden, Tennessee. Hall, William A., was born in Maine; was taken in early childhood to Virginia, and removed thence to Missouri in 1841 ; was a presidential elect or on the Polk and Dallas ticket in 1844; was ap pointed a judge of the Circuit Court in 1847 ; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention of 1861 ; was elected a representative from Missouri in the Thirty-seventh Congress (in place of John B. Clark, expelled) as a Democrat, and was re-elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, receiving 6,244 votes against 5,534 votes for Green, Republican, serving from January 20, 1862, to March 3, 1865 ; was a dele gate to the National Democratic Convention at Chi cago in 1864. Hallock, John, jun., was born in Orange County, New York; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1816, 1817, 1820, arid 1821 ; was elected a representative from New York in the Nineteenth Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 5, 1825, to March 3, 1829. Halloway, Hansom, was born in Dutchess County, New York; received a thorough English education; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-first Congress as a Whig, receiv ing 6,301 votes against 1,681 votes for Bailey, Demo crat, and 4,333 votes for Gannun, Cass Democrat, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1851; died at Mount Pleasant, Maryland, April 6, 1851. Halsey, George A., was born at Springfield, New Jersey, December 7, 1827; was educated at Springfield Academy ; established himself in Newark as a manufacturer in 1844; was a member of the State Assembly of New Jersey in 1861 and 1862 ; was United-States assessor of internal revenue from 1862 until 1866; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Fortieth Congress as a Republican, receiving 12,782 votes against 11,847 votes for Gil- christ, Democrat, serving from March 4, 1867, to March 3, 1869 ; and was again elected to the Forty- second Congress as a Republican, receiving 18,092 votes against 14,694 votes for O. Cleveland, Demo crat, and 630 votes for Fitzpatrick, Independent Democrat, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1873. Halsey, Jehiel H., was born at Lodi, New York; received a public-school education; was elect ed a representative from New York in the Twenty- first Congress as a Jackson Democrat, serving from December 7, 1829, to March 3, 1831 ; was a member of the State Senate 1832-1835. Halsey, Nipoll, was born in Seneca County, New York ; resided at Trumansburg ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1824 ; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-third Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1835. Halsey, Silas, was born in the State of New York; received a public-school education; was a member of the State House of Representatives from Onondaga County 1796-1798, and from Cayuga Coun ty 1800-1804 ; was elected a representative from New York in the Ninth Congress, serving from December 2, 1805, to March 3, 1807 ; was a State senator in 1809. Halsted, William, was born in New Jersey; received a classical education, graduating at Prince ton College in 1812; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Whig, serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1839; was refused admission to the Twenty-sixth Congress, although he had a certificate of election with the broad seal of the State; was again elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress, receiving 28,192 votes against 27,951 votes for Philemon Dickerson, Democrat, serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1843. Hambleton, Samuel, was born in Talbot County, Maryland, in 1812; was educated at the county academy ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1833, and commenced practice at Easton ; was a member of the State House of Delegates in 1834, 1835, and 1853 ; was a member of the State Sen ate from 1844 to 1850; was an elector of President and Vice-President in 1844; was the president of the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal in 1853 and 1854; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Forty- first Congress as a Democrat, receiving 12,703 votes against 4,606 votes for^Torbert, Republican; and was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress as a Demo crat, receiving 17,314 votes against 13,348 votes for H. R. Torbet, Republican, serving from March 4, 1869, to March 3, 1873. Hamer, Thomas L., was born in Pennyslvania; received an academical education ; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1821, and commenced practice at Georgetown, Ohio; served for several years in the Ohio House of Representatives, and was one year its speaker; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Twenty-third Congress as a Democrat ; was re- elected to the Twenty-fourth and Twenty-fifth Con gresses, serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1839; while a representative he nominated U. S. Grant, the son of a constituent, to be a cadet at West Point ; served in the Mexican war, volunteering as a private, and receiving the next day the commission of brigadier-general ; died, while in the service, at Monterey, Mexico, December 3, 1846. Hamill, Patrick, was born in the Green Glades, Alleghany County, Maryland, April 28, 1817; was educated at private schools ; was appointed collector of taxes in 1841 and 1842 ; was a member of the State House of Representatives of Maryland in 1843 and 1844; was appointed and served for three years as judge of the Orphans Court of Alleghany County, and was then elected, and served for four years more; declined a nomination to the State convention in 1852; engaged in farming and mercantile pursuits; was re-elected in 1867 chief judge of the Orphans Court of Alleghany County ; and was elected a rep resentative from Maryland in the Forty-first Con gress as a Democrat, receiving 12,239 votes against 11,653 votes for Weisel, Radical, serving from March 4, 1869, to March 3, 1871. Hamilton, Alexander, was born in the Island of Nevis, British West Indies, January 11, 1757 ; was a counting-house clerk at Santa Cruz; was sent to the United States to be educated in 1772 ; was a stu dent at King s (now Columbia) College 1773-1776; entered the Continental army in March, 1776, as cap tain of artillery ; was appointed aide-de-camp by Gen eral Washington March 1, 1777, and served until February, 1781 ; was elected as a Federalist a mem ber of the Continental Congress, and served from November, 1772, until the autumn of 1783; was a member of the convention at Annapolis in 1786 that laid the foundation of the general convention adopt- ing the Constitution ; was a member of the legisla ture of the State of New York in 1787 ; was a mem ber of the Constitutional Convention which met at Philadelphia in 1787 ; engaged in the practice of law at New-York City; was secretary of the treasury under President Washington from September 11, 1789, until February 3, 1795; resumed practice at New York; declined the position of chief justice; was appointed by General Washington inspector-general and second in command of the army in 1798; was distinguished as a political writer; was mortally wounded by Aaron Burr in a duel at Hoboken, and died at New York the next day, July 12, 1804. He published "The Federalist," of which he wrote the STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 427 larger half; and his works, edited by his son, were published in seven volumes. Hamilton, Andrew H., received a common- schuol education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Fort Wayne; was elected a representative from Indiana in the Forty- fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 14,318 votes against 12,083 votes for Taylor, Republican ; and was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 19,142 votes against 12,777 votes for Bonham, Republican, serving from December 6, 1875. Hamilton, Andrew J M was born in Madison County, Alabama, January 28, 1815; received a pub lic-school education; was clerk of the Circuit Court; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and com menced practice at La Grange, Texas, in 1846; was attorney-general of Texas ; was a presidential elector on the Buchanan and Breckinridge ticket in 1856; was elected a representative from Texas in the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Republican, receiving 16,409 votes against 15,961 votes for Waul, Democrat, serving from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 1861; was appointed by President Lincoln military governor of Texas in 1862, and provisional governor by Presi dent Johnson in 1865 ; was a delegate to the Loyal ists Convention at Philadelphia in 1866 ; resided at Washington as a claim agent ; and died at Austin, Texas, April 11, 1875. Hamilton, Charles M., was born in Clinton County, Pennsylvania, November 1, 1840; received an academic education; studied law; entered the Union army as a private in 1861 ; participated in six teen battles, and was wounded at Gaines s Mill, at Antietam, and at Fredericksburg ; was appointed a lieutenant in the Veteran Reserve Corps in October, 1863; was detailed as judge-advocate, and served in that capacity until 1865; was appointed assistant commissioner of the Bureau of Freedmen and Refu gees; commenced the practice of law in 1868; was elected a representative from Florida in the Fortieth Congress as a Republican ; and was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress, receiving 7,863 votes against 3,846 votes for Barnes, Democrat, and 831 votes for Sanders, Independent, serving from July 1, 1868, to March 3, 1871. Hamilton, Cornelius S., was born in Mus- kingum County, Ohio, January 2, 1821; received a public-school education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice, paying at the same time some attention to farming, banking, and editing a newspaper; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention in 1850; was a member of the State Senate of Ohio in 1856; was appointed an assessor of internal revenue ; was elected a represen tative from Ohio in the Fortieth Congress as a Re publican, receiving 11,710 votes against 9,858 votes for Reid, Democrat, serving from March 4, 1867; he was summoned home to see a grown son, who had suddenly become insane, and was killed by that son at Marysville, Ohio, December 21, 1867. Hamilton, James, was born at Charleston, South Carolina, in 1789; received an academical edu cation; studied law; was admitted to the bar, arid commenced practice at Charleston; served in the war of 1812 as major on the Canadian frontier; was for several years mayor of Charleston; was a mem ber of the State House of Representatives; was elected a representative from South Carolina in the Seventeenth Congress (in place of William Lowndes, resigned) as a State-rights Free-Trader; was re-elect ed to the Eighteenth, Nineteenth, and Twentieth Congresses, serving from January 6, 1823, to March 3, 1829 ; was governor of South Carolina 1830-1832 ; was general of the State troops raised under the Nul lification Act; removed to Texas, and took an active part in securing her recognition as a republic by England and France in 1841 ; aided in procuring the admission of Texas into the Union; was elected United-States senator from Texas; was drowned on his passage from New Orleans to Galveston (the steamer " Opelousas," on which he was, having been run into by the steamer "Galveston") November 15, 1857. He was one of the founders of " The Southern Quarterly Review." Hamilton, John, was born in Washington County, Pennsylvania, in 1763; was high sheriff of that county for several years ; was elected a repre sentative from Pennsylvania in the Ninth Congress, serving from December 2, 1805, to March 3, 1807; died at his home in Washington County, Pennsylva nia, August 31, 1837. Hamilton, Morgan C., was born in the terri tory west of Georgia, near what is now Huntsville, Alabama, February 25, 1809 ; received a country-school education at intervals from labor; was brought up to and followed mercantile pursuits; removed to the republic of Texas in 1837; was a clerk in the War Department from 1839 until April, 1845, acting as secretary of war the greater portion of the last three years ; was appointed comptroller of the treasury of the State by the commander of the Fifth Military District in September, 1867; was elected a delegate to the Constitutional Convention in 1868 ; was elect ed United-States senator from Texas as a Republican on the reconstruction of Texas ; took his seat March 31, 1870; and was re-elected, serving until March 3, 1877. Hamilton, Robert, was born at Hamburg, Sus sex County, Decembers, 1816; received an academic education; studied law; was admitted to practice as an attorney in 1836, and as a counsellor in 1840 ; was appointed prosecutor of pleas, and filled that office fifteen years ; was a member of the State legislature in 1863 and 1864, serving the last year as speaker; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Forty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 13,458 votes against 10,994 votes for F. A. Potts, Republican ; and was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 14,585 votes against 9,931 votes for Charles Place, Republican, serving from Decem ber 1, 1873, to March 3, 1877. Hamilton, William T., was born in Washing ton County, Maryland, September 8, 1820; received an academic education, and was at Jefferson College, Pennsylvania; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Hagerstown ; was a mem ber of the State legislature in 1846; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Thirty-first Congress as a Democrat, receiving 7,307 votes against 7,191 votes for T. J. McKaig, Whig; was re-elected to the Thirty-second Congress, receiving 6,863 votes against 6,626 votes for Roman, Whig; and was re- elected to the Thirty-third Congress, receiving 7,545 votes against 6,429 votes for Thomas, Independent, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1855; was elected United-States senator from Maryland as a Democrat (in place of W. P. Whyte, who had been appointed in place of Reverdy Johnson, resigned), and served from March 4, 1869, to March 3, 1875. Hamlin, Edward S., resided at Elyria, Ohio; was elected a representative from that State in the Twenty-eighth Congress (in place of Henry R. Brinkerhoff, deceased), serving from December 2, 1844, to March 3, 1845. Hamlin, Hannibal, was born at Paris, Maine, August 27, 1809; was prepared for a collegiate edu cation, but was obliged, by the death of his father, to take charge of his home-farm until he was of age; was a year in a printing-office as a compositor; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1833, continuing in active practice at Hampden until 1848; was a member of the legislature of Maine 1836-1840 and 1847, presiding as speaker of the House in 1837, 1839, and 1840 ; was defeated as the Democratic can didate for the Twenty-seventh Congress byElisha H. Allen, Whig, who received about 250 majority in a poll of nearly 15,000; was elected a representative from Maine as a Democrat in the Twenty-eighth Congress, and was re-elected to the Twenty-ninth Congress ; was elected United-States senator in 1848 428 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. for four years (to fill a vacancy occasioned by the death of John Fairfield); was re-elected in 1851, but resigned in 1857 to act as governor; was again elected United-States senator in 1857, and served until Jan uary, 1861; having been elected Vice-President on the ticket with Abraham Lincoln, he presided over the Senate from March 4, 1861, to March 3, 1865; was appointed collector of the port of Boston in 1865, but resigned in 1866; served as a regent of the Smithsonian Institution 1861-1865, and was appoint ed again in 1870; was again elected United-States senator, and re-elected, serving from March 4, 1869. His term of service will expire March 3, 1881. Hammett, William H., was born in Virginia; received a classical education ; studied theology ; was chaplain at the University of Virginia; was chap lain to the House of Representatives; removed to Mississippi, and settled at Princeton; was elected a representative from Mississippi in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1845. Hammond, Edward, was born at Ellicott s Mills, Maryland; received a liberal education; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Thirty-first Congress as a Democrat, receiving 6,903 votes against 4,456 votes for George W. Gray, Whig ; was re-elected to the Thirty-second Congress, receiv ing 5,434 votes against 2,968 votes for Lynch, Inde pendent, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1853. Hammond, Jabez D., was born at New Bed ford, Massachusetts, August 2, 1778; received a public-school education; taught school; studied medicine; was licensed to practise, and established himself at Reading, Vermont, in 1799 ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Cherry Valley, New York, in 1805; was elected a representative from New York in the Fourteenth Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 4, 1815, to March 3, 1817 ; was a State senator 1817- 1821; removed to Albany, and practised there 1822- 1830; was commissioner to settle the claims of New York on the Federal Government 1825-1826 ; visited Europe in 1831, and on his return settled again at Cherry Valley; was elected judge of Otsego County in 1838 ; and died at Cherry Valley, New York. August 18, 1855. He published " History of Political Parties in the State of New York," " Julius Melbourn," and " Life and Times of Silas Wright." Hammond, James Hamilton, was born in Newbury District, South Carolina, November 15, 1807; received a classical education, graduating at South-Carolina College in 1825; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1827, and commenced practice; was appointed a member of the governor s staff, and aid( j d in organizing the nullification forces raised in 1833; was elected a representative from South Caro lina in the Twenty-fourth Congress as a Whig, serv ing from December 7, 1835, to February 16, 1836, when he resigned ; was governor of South Carolina 1842-1844 ; was elected a United-States senator from South Carolina, serving from December 7, 1857, to November 11, I860; retiring from the Senate, he resumed the charge of his large landed estates on the coast; died at Beach s Island November 13, 1864. He published " The Proslavery Argument," and a " Sketch of the Life of Calhoun." Hammond, Robert H., was bom in Pennsyl vania; resided at Milton; was elected a representa tive from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Van Buren Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty-sixth Congress, receiving 6,227 votes against 5,407 votes for James Merrill, Whig, serving" from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1841. Hammond, Samuel, was born in Richmond County, Virginia, September 21, 1757; received a food English education; served with the Colonial arces in the Indian war; was prominent in pre- Revolutionary movements; served in the Revolution ary army, distinguishing himself at King s Mountain, the Cow-Pens, and Eutaw ; settled at Savannah after independence was secured ; was surveyor-general of Georgia; commanded a corps of Georgia volunteers in the Creek war ; was a member of the State House of Representatives; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Eighth Congress as a Democrat, serving from October 17, 1803, to March 3, 1805; was civil and military governor of Upper Louisiana Ter ritory 1805-1824 ; was during the latter portion of this time receiver of public moneys at St. Louis; re moved to South Carolina in 1824 ; was a member of the State legislature ; was surveyor-general 1825 ; was secretary of state of South Carolina 1831-1835 ; and died near Augusta, Georgia, September 11, 1842. Hammons, David, was born in Oxford County, Maine, in 1807 ; received a public-school education ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar in 1836, and commenced practice at Lovell, Maine ; was a member of the State Senate 1840-1841 ; was elected a repre sentative from Maine in the Thirtieth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 5,430 votes against 3,521 votes for Hopkins, Whig, and 1,185 votes Abolition and scattering, serving from December 6, 1847, to March 3, 1849; resumed practice at Bethel, Maine. Hammons, Joseph, was born at Farmington, New Hampshire, received a public-school education ; was elected a representative from New Hampshire in the Twenty-first Congress; was re-elected to the Twenty-second Congress, serving from December 7, 1829, to March 2, 1833 ; was appointed postmaster at Dover in June, 1833. Hampton, James G., was born in New Jersey ; received a classical education, graduating at Prince ton College in 1835 ; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Twenty-ninth Congress as a Whig, receiving 7,440 votes against 6,053 votes for Ellsler, Democrat ; was re-elected to the Thirtieth Congress, receiving 5,472 votes against 4,344 votes for Thomp son, Democrat, and 1,151 votes for Hollis, American, serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1849. Hampton, Moses, was born in Beaver County, Pennsylvania, October 28, 1803; removed with his parents, when young, to Trumbull County, Ohio; received a classical education, graduating at Wash ington College, Pennsylvania ; studied law at Union- town ; was admitted to the bar in 1829 ; commenced practice at Somerset, and removed in 1838 to Pitts- burg; was elected a representative from Pennsyl vania in the Thirtieth Congress as a Whig; was re-elected to the Thirty-first Congress, receiving 7,666 votes against 6,613 votes for S. W. Black, Democrat, and 200 votes for D. McLaughlin, Free- Soiler, serving from December 6, 1847, to March 3, 1851 ; and, declining to be a candidate for re-election, was elected president-judge of the Alleghany-county District Court in 1853. Hampton, Wade, was born in South Carolina in 1754; received a thorough English education; devoted himself to agricultural pursuits; took an active part in pre-Revolutionary movements ; raised a company of light horse, with which he served under Marion and Sumter; was elected a representative from South Carolina in the Fourth Congress, serving from December 7, 1795, to March 3, 1797; was a presidential elector on the Jefferson and Burr ticket in 1801 ; was again elected to the Eighth Congress as a Democrat, serving from October 17, 1803, to March 3, 1805 ; entered the United-States army as colonel in October, 1808; was promoted to be brigadier-general in February, 1808, and major-general in March, 1813; served on the Northern frontier in the war with Great Britain, and resigned April 6, 1814; became the proprietor of very large plantations, and was the owner of more than three thousand slaves when he died at Columbia, South Carolina, February 4, 1834. Hanchett, Luther, was born in Portage County, Ohio, October 25, 1825 ; received an academical edu cation; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1846, and commenced practice at Fremont; removed to Portage County, Wisconsin, in 1849; engaged in STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 429 lumbering and lead-mining; was for four years county-attorney; was a member of the State Senate 1856-1860; was elected a representative from Wis consin in the Thirty-seventh Congress as a Repub lican, receiving 36,223 votes against 23,008 votes for Reymert, Democrat, serving from July 4, 1861, until his death at Madison, Wisconsin, November 26, 1862. Hancock, George, was born in Virginia in 1755; received a classical education from private tutors ; served in the Revolutionary war as colonel of infantry ; was elected a representative from Vir ginia in the Third Congress as a Democrat, and was re-elected to the Fourth Congress, serving from December 2, 1793, to March 3, 1797 ; died at Fother- ingay, Virginia, after a brief illness, August 1, 1820. Hancock, John, was born at Quincy, Massachu setts, January 12, 1737; received a classical educa tion, graduating at Harvard College in 1754; was trained to mercantile pursuits in the counting-room of his uncle, whose large fortune and extensive business he afterwards inherited; was for several years one of the selectmen of Boston ; was a member of the Provincial legislature 1766-1772; was promi nently identified with pre-Revolutionary measures, and, together with Samuel Adams, was exempted from pardon in Governor Gage s proclamation June 12, 1775 ; was a delegate from Massachusetts to the Continental Congress 1775-1780 and 1785-1786, serv ing as president May 27, 1775-October, 1777; was commissioned senior major-general of the Massachu setts militia February 6, 1778, and in the following August commanded a division in the expedition against Rhode Island ; was a member of the Massa chusetts Constitutional Convention of 1780; was governor of Massachusetts 1780-1785 and 1787, until his death at Quincy October 8, 1792. Hancock, John, was born of Virginia parents in Jackson County, Alabama, October 29, 1824; was educated partly in Alabama, and partly in Tennessee ; studied law at Winchester, Tennessee, and was ad mitted to the bar in 1846; settled in Texas in 1847, practising his profession there until August, 1851, when he was elected to the district bench of the State, and served as judge until 1855, when he re signed, and resumed practice and planting; was a member of the State legislature in 1860 and 1861, when he refused to take the oath of allegiance to the Confederate States, and was expelled ; was elected a member of the State Constitutional Convention of 1866 ; was elected a representative from Texas in the Forty-second Congress, defeating E. Degener, Re publican; was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress, receiving 17,587 votes against 11,024 votes for W. O. Hutchinson, Republican; and was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Congress without any opposing candi date, serving from December 2, 1872, to March 3, 1877. Hand, Augustus C., was born at Shoreham, Vermont, in 1806 ; received an academical education ; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and com menced practice at Elizabethtown, New York; was surrogate of Essex County 1831-1839; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-sixth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 4,480 votes against 4,436 votes for T. A. Tomlinson, Whig, serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1841 ; was a member of the State Senate 1845-1848; was a justice of the State Supreme Court 1848-1856; resumed the practice of his profession; died at Elizabethtown, New Jersey, March 8, 1878. Hand, Edward, was born in Pennsylvania, and was a delegate from that State to the Continental Congress 1784-1785. Handley, William A., was born near Frank lin, Georgia, December 15, 1834; removed when young to Alabama; received a public-school educa tion ; was when a youth a United-States mail-carrier for two years, afterward a post-office clerk in con nection with mercantile business, and then for many years a contractor for the conveyance of the United- States mails, which made the postal laws and regu lations his especial study; engaged in mercantile pursuits at Roanoke, Alabama ; was in the service of the Confederate States as a civil and military officer 1861-1865 ; was elected a representative from Alaba ma in the Forty-second Congress as a Democrat, receiving about 4,000 majority over B. W. Norris, Republican, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1873; his election was unsuccessfully contested bv B. W. Norris. Hanks, James M., was born at Helena, Ar kansas, February 12, 1833 ; received a public-school education; was a student at the college at New Al bany, Indiana, and afterward at Jackson College, Columbia, Tennessee, where he completed the course of study, with the exception of Greek, in 1851 ; stud ied law; graduated at the law department of the University of Louisville in 1855; commenced prac tice, and continued it at Helena until the breaking- out of the war; was opposed to secession, and took part in the last canvass prior to hostilities as a Union man; was elected judge of the First Judicial District of Arkansas in 1864 upon the re-organization of the State, and remained upon the bench until August, 1868; and was elected a representative from Arkansas in the Forty-second Congress as a Demo crat, receiving 9,318 votes against 7,748 votes for Roots, Republican, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1873. Hanna, John, was born in Marion County, Indiana, September 3, 1827; received a classical edu cation, graduating at Indiana, Asbury University, in 1850; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Greencastle; was mayor of Greencastle 1851-1854; removed to Kansas, and was a member of its Territorial legislature in the winters of 1857 and 1858 from the then county of Lykins, now known as Miami; returned to Indiana; was presidential elector on the Lincoln and Hamlin tick et in 1860; was appointed United-States district-at torney for the district of Indiana by President Lin coln in 1861, and re-appointed by him in 1865, but, when the breach occurred between President John son and the Republican party, his denunciation of the policy of the administration was followed by his removal ; he has since devoted his time exclusively to the practice of law at Indianapolis, and was elect ed to the Forty-fifth Congress as a Republican, re ceiving 19,634 votes against 18,236 votes for Franklin Landers, Democrat, serving from October 15, 1877. Hanna, John A., was born in Pennsylvania; was elected a representative from that State in the Fifth, Sixth, Seventh, and Eighth Congresses, serv ing from May 15, 1797, to March 3, 1805. Hanna, Kobert, was born in Laurens District, South Carolina, April 6, 1786 ; removed with his par ents to Indiana, and subsequently settled in Brook- ville in 1802; was sheriff of the Eastern District of Iowa in 1809, and held the position until the organi zation of the State Government; was appointed regis ter of the Land Office, and removed to Indianapolis in 1825; was appointed a United-States senator from Indiana as a Whig (in place of James Nobles, de ceased), serving from December 5, 1831, to January 3, 1832, when his successor took his seat; was elected a State senator, but was defeated when a candidate for re-election; was killed by a railroad train while walking on the track at Indianapolis November 19, 1858. Hannegan, Edward A., was born in Ohio; received an academic education at public schools in Kentucky; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Covington, Indiana; was or several years a member of the State House of Representatives; was elected a representative from [ndiana in the Twenty-third Congress as a Demo crat; was re-elected to the Twenty-fourth Congress, serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1837; was elected a United-States senator from Indiana, 430 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1849; was minister to Prussia March 22, 1849-January 13, 1850; killed his brother-in-law, Captain Duncan, in 1852, while intoxicated; removed to St. Louis, Mis souri; and died there February 25, 1859. Hanson, Alexander Contee, was born in Maryland; received a liberal education; was a presi dential elector on the Washington and Adams ticket in 1789 and 1793; edited "The Federal Republican" at Baltimore, when in 1812, a mob, irritated by his articles denouncing the administration, destroyed his printing-office; he persisted in issuing his paper the next day, and the house in which he printed it was attacked, and, after a fight, he and his friends were escorted to jail, where the mob again attacked them, and nearly killed him; he removed "The Federal Republican" to Georgetown, District of Columbia, where he published it unmolested ; returning to Bal timore, he was elected a representative from Mary land in the Thirteenth Congress as a Federalist, re ceiving 914 majority, and was re-elected to the Four teenth" Congress, serving from May 24, 1813, to Jan uary 2, 1817, when he took his seat as a United-States senator from Maryland (in place of Robert G. Harper, resigned), serving to April 23, 1819, when he died at Belmont, Maryland. Hanson, John, was born In Charles County, Maryland, in 1715; received a thorough English edu cation; was a. member of the Maryland House of Delegates, witli the exception of a few years, 1757- 1781; removed to Frederick County in 1773; took an active part in pre-Revolutionary measures ; was com missioned treasurer of Frederick County June 21, 1775; was a delegate from Maryland to the Conti nental Congress from February 22, 1781, until his death, serving one year as President, and, as such, thanking General Washington for his victory at Yorktown; died November 22, 1783, at Oxen Hill, Prince George County, Maryland, while on a visit to his nephew, Thomas Hanson. Haralson, Hugh Anderson, was born near Penfield, Georgia, November 13, 1805; was reared on a farm, and received a classical education, graduat ing at Franklin College in 1825; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1825 by a special act of the legislature ; commenced practice at Monroe, and subsequently located at La Grange, Georgia; was a member of the State Senate in 1837 and"l838; was defeated as a Democratic candidate for Congress on general ticket in 1840 ; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Democrat on a general ticket, receiving 35,163 votes against 38,827 votes for Augustus H. Kenan, Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-ninth Congress, the State having been districted, receiving 5,771 votes against 5,214 votes for Floyd, Whig; was re-elected to the Thirtieth Congress, and was re-elected to the Thirty- first Congress, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1851; served in the militia, attaining the rank of major-general ; was a prominent Freemason ; and died at La Grange, Georgia, October G, 1854. Haralson, Jere, was born in Muscogee County, Georgia, April 1, 1840, the slave property of John Walker; after Walker s death, was sold on the auc tion-block in the city of Columbus, and bought by J. W. Thomson, after whose death he became the property of J. Haralson of Selma, and so remained until emancipated in 1865; received no education un til after he was free, when he instructed himself; was elected to the State House of Representatives of Ala bama in 1870; was elected to the State Senate of Alabama in 1872; was elected a representative from Alabama in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Repub lican, receiving 19,551 votes against 16,953 votes for F. G. Bromberg, Democrat, serving from December 6, 1875, to March 3, 1877; was defeated as the Re publican candidate for the Forty-fifth Congress, re ceiving 8,675 votes against 9,685 votes for Charles L. Shelley, Democrat, and 7,236 votes for James T. Rapier, Republican. Hard, Gideon, resided at Albion, New York; was elected a representative from that State in the Twenty-third Congress as a Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-fourth Congress, serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1837; was a member of the State Senate 1842-1847. Hardeman, Thomas, jun., was born in Bibb County, Georgia, January 12, 1825; received a lib eral education ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar; was a member of the State House of Represen tatives; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Thirty-sixth Congress as a National American, receiving 5,636 votes against 5,483 votes for Speer, Democrat, serving from December 5, 1859, to Janu ary 23, 1861, when he retired from the House, and identified himself with the Southern Confederacy. Hardenbergh, Augustus A., was born at New Brunswick, New Jersey, May, 1830; entered Rutgers College in 1844, but was only enabled to con tinue his studies through the freshman year, as he was called upon to act as amanuensis for his father, Cornelius Hardenbergh, LL.D., who had been strick en with blindness ; in 1846 entered a counting-room in New York, and took up his residence in Jersey City ; in 1852 became connected with the Hudson-county Bank, and has been its cashier since 1858; in 1853 was elected to the House of Assembly of the State legislature ; was an alderman of Jersey City in 1857- 1860 and 1862; in 1808 was elected by the legislature State director of railroads; removing to the county of Bergen in 1868, was elected a councilman, and repre sented that district in the Baltimore National Dem ocratic Convention of 1872 ; in 1873 he removed back to Hudson County ; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Demo crat, receiving 13,189 votes against 9,108 votes for Isaac W. Scudder, Republican; and was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 17,260 votes against 11,391 votes for Leonard J. Stiastny, Republican, serving from December 6, 1875. Hardin, Benjamin, was born in Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania, in 1784; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1806, and commenced practice atElizabethtown, but removed to Bardstown in 1808; was a member of the State House of Representa tives 1810, 1811, 1824, and 1825; was State senator 1828-1832; was elected a representative from Ken tucky in the Fourteenth Congress as a Whig, serving from December 4, 1815, to March 3, 1817 ; was again elected to the Sixteenth Congress, and re-elected to the Seventeenth Congress, serving from December 6, 1819, to March 3, 1823; was again elected to the Twenty-third Congress, and re-elected to the Twenty- fourth Congress, serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1837 ; was secretary of state of Kentucky 1844-1847; was a member of the State Constitutional Convention 1849; was injured by a fall from his horse, and died soon after at Bardstown, Kentucky, September 24, 1852. Hardin, John J. (son of Martin D. Hardin), was born at Frankfort, Kentucky, in 1810; received a classical education, graduating at the Transylvania University; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Jacksonville, Illinois; was prosecuting-attorney for several years; was a member of the State legislature 1836-1842 ; was elect ed a representative from Illinois in the Twenty- eighth Congress as a Whig, receiving 6.230 votes against 5,357 votes for McDougal, Democrat, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1845; command ed a regiment of Illinois volunteers in the Mexican war, and was killed at the battle of Buena Vista, while gallantly leading his men in the final charge, February 27, 1847. Hardin, Martin D. (father of John J. Hardin), was born on the Monongahela River, Western Penn sylvania, June 21, 1780; received an academic edu cation; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Franklin County, Kentucky ; was for several years a member of the State House STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 431 of Representatives ; was State secretary of state; served in the war of 1812 as major of volunteers; was elected a United-States senator from Kentucky (in place of William T. Barry, resigned) as a Dem ocrat, serving from December 5, 1816, to March 3, 1817; and died in Franklin County, Kentucky, Octo ber S, 1823. Harding, Aaron, was born in Greene County, Kentucky; received a public-school education; stud ied law; was admitted to the bar in 1833, and com menced practice at Greensburg, Kentucky; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1840; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Thirty-seventh Congress as a Unionist, receiving 10,339 votes against 2,409 votes for Talbot, Secession ist; was re-elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, receiving 10,435 votes against 2,508 votes for Heady, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Con gress, receiving 9,437 votes against 3,652 votes for Marion C. Taylor, Eepublican, serving from July 4, 1861, to March 3, 1867. Harding, Abner C., was born at East Hamp ton, Connecticut, February 10, 1807; received an academical education ; studied law, and practised at Monmouth, Illinois; became interested in railroads; was a member of the Constitutional Convention of Illinois in 1848; was a member of the State legisla ture of Illinois in 1848, 1849, and 1850; enlisted as a private, and rose to the rank of brigadier-general in the Union army; was elected a representative from Illinois in the Thirty-ninth Congress as a Eepublican, receiving 13,569 votes against 12,721 votes for Charles M. Harris, Democrat ; and was re-elected to the For tieth Congress as a Union Republican, receiving 15,952 votes against 13,391 votes for Thompson, Democrat, serving from December 4, 1865, to March 3, 1869. Harding, Benjamin P., was born in Wyo ming County, Pennsylvania, January 4, 1823; re ceived a public-school education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1847, and commenced practice in Illinois the following year; removed to Oregon in 1849; was clerk of the Territorial legislature 1850, 1851; was a member of the Territorial legislature and its speaker 1852; was United-States district- attorney for Oregon 1853 ; was secretary of the Ter ritory 1854-1859; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1859-1862, serving the last two years as speaker; was elected a United-States sena tor from Oregon as a Republican (in place of Edward D. Baker, deceased), serving from December 1, 1862, to March 3, 1865, Hardy, Samuel, was born in Virginia; was a member of the Continental Congress from 1783 until 1785; gave evidence of great talents, but died sud denly at an early age. Haring, John, was born in New York, and was a delegate from that State to the Continental Con gress 1774-1775 and 1785-1788. Harlan, Aaron, was born in Warren County, Ohio, September 8, 1802; received a public-school education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1825, and commenced practice; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1831 ; was a State senator in 1838, 1839, and 1849; was a presidential elector on the Polk and Dallas ticket in 1844 ; was a delegate to the State Constittitional Convention in 1850 ; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirty-third Congress as a Whig, receiving 7,580 votes against 5,018 votes for Telfair, Democrat, and 1,252 for Nixon, Free-Soiler; was re-elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress as a Republican, receiving 9,928 votes against 2,307 votes for Hinkson, Demo crat; was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving 9,027 votes against 5,076 votes for Ward, Democrat, and 1,011 votes for Elsbury, American, serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1859. Harlan, Andrew J., was born at Chester, Ohio, March 29, 1815 ; received a public-school education ; studied law; was admitted to the bar, but never practised ; was clerk of the Indiana House of Repre sentatives in 1842 ; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1846-1 848; was elected a represen tative from Indiana in the Thirty-first Congress as a Democrat, receiving 7,366 votes against 6,777 votes for Kilgore, Whig, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1851 ; was again elected to the Thirty-third Congress, receiving 7,779 votes against 6,607 votes for Wallace, Whig, serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855. Harlan, James, was born in Mercer County, Kentucky, June 22, 1800; received a public-school education; engaged in mercantile pursuits 1817-1821 ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar in 1823, and commenced practice at Harrodsburg; was circuit prosecuting-attorney 1829-1833 ; was elected a repre sentative from Kentucky in the Twenty-fourth Con gress as a Whig, defeating S. H. Anderson, Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-fifth Congress, serv ing from December 7, 1835, to March 3, 1839; was secretary of state of Kentucky 1840-1844; was a presidential elector on the Harrison and Tyler ticket in 1840 ; was again a member of the State House of Representatives in 1845; was appointed attorney- general of Kentucky in 1850, and held the office until his death at Frankfort February 18, 1863. Harlan, James, was born in Clarke County, Illinois, August 26, 1820; received a classical educa tion, graduating at the Asbury University, Indiana; studied law; was the Iowa State superintendent of public instruction in 1847; was president of the Wesleyan University, Iowa, in 1848; was elected United-States senator from Iowa as a Whig in May, 1855, and, his seat having been declared vacant on the ground of an informality in his election, he was again elected in 1856 for the remainder of the term ; he was re-elected in 1860; in 1865 he entered the cabinet as secretary of the interior, and resigned in September, 1866, having been re-elected to the Unit ed-States Senate as a Republican (to succeed S. J. Kirkwood, Republican), and serving from September, 1866, to March 3, 1873. Harmanson, John H., was born at Norfolk, Virginia, January, 1803 ; received a classical educa tion, graduating at Jefferson College, Mississippi; removed to Louisiana, where he devoted himself to the law, and afterwards to agricultural pursuits; was a State senator in 1844; was elected a represen tative from Louisiana in the Twenty-ninth Congress as a Democrat ; was re-elected to the Thirtieth Con gress, receiving 3,909 votes against 3,323 votes for Saunders, Whig; and was re-elected to the Thirty- first Congress, receiving 2,740 votes against 2,266 votes for Stewart, Whig, serving from December 1, 1845, to October 25, 1850, when he died at Ne\ Orleans. Harmer, Alfred C., was born in Germantown (now part of the city of Philadelphia), Pennsylvania, Augusts, 1825; received a public-school education; commenced business as a shoe-manufacturer at twenty years of age, and became a wholesale dealer; was elected a member of the city councils of Phila delphia in 1856, and served four years; was elected recorder of deeds for Philadelphia in 1860, and served three years ; was a delegate to the last National Re publican Convention at Chicago; was elected a rep resentative from Pennsylvania in the Forty-second Congress as a Republican, receiving 11,561 votes against 11,401 votes for Dr. John R. Reading, Demo crat ; and was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress, receiving 14,743 votes against 12,040 votes for S. Phillips, Democrat, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1875; was again elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 17,973 votes against 14,722 votes for Duval, Democrat, serving from October 15, 1877. Harnett, Cornelius, was a delegate from North Carolina to the Continental Congress 1777-1780. Harper, Alexander, was born in Ireland ; emi grated to Ohio, and located at Zanesville ; was elect ed a representative from Ohio in the Twenty-fifth 432 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Congress as a Whig, defeating Hamer, Van Buren Democrat, and serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1839; was again elected to the Twenty- eighth Congress, receiving 5,196 votes against 4,002 votes for Jennings, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Twenty-ninth Congress, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1847; was again elected to the Thirty-second Congress, receiving 5,108 votes against 4,750 votes for Maxfield, Democrat, serving from De cember 1, 1851, to March 3, 1853. Harper, Francis J., was born at Frankford, Pennsylvania, in 1799; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1832, and of the State Senate in 1834-1835; was elected a representative in the Twenty-fifth Congress from Pennsylvania as a Democrat, defeating Charles Naylor, Whig; and died before taking his seat, at Frankford, Pennsylvania, March 18, 1837. Harper, James, was born in Ireland in 1779; was a brickmaker; immigrated to the United States, and located at Philadelphia; became a prominent member of the Masonic fraternity; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty- third Congress as a Clay Democrat, receiving 5,104 votes against 3,396 votes for Richards, Jackson Dem ocrat ; and was re-elected to the Twenty-fourth Con gress as a Whig, receiving 5,550 votes against 4,574 votes for his Democratic opponent, serving from De cember 2, 1833, to March 3, 1837; died at Philadel phia. Pennsylvania, March 31, 1873. Harper, James C., was born in Cumberland County, Pennsylvania, December 6, 1819; removed in 1831 with his parents to Darke County, Ohio, where he was raised on a farm, and received a com mon-school education; removed in 1840 to Caldwell County, North Carolina, where he engaged in mer cantile pursuits, and afterward in manufacturing and fanning; filled various county offices; was elected to the House of Commons of the State legislature in 1865 and 1866; was elected to the House of Represen tatives of the State legislature in 1868, and was barred by the adoption of the Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution of the United States, but his political disabilities were removed by Act of Congress in 1869; was elected a representative from North Carolina in the Forty-second Congress as a Conservative, receiv ing 12,130 votes against 9,231 votes for A. H. Jones, Republican, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1873. Harper, John A., was a native of New Hamp shire; received an academic education ; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Meredith, New Hampshire ; was major of the Twen ty-ninth Regiment in 1809-1810, and lieutenant-colo nel in 1811-1814; was aide-de-camp to Governor Langdon in 1811, and aide-de-camp to Governor Plumer in 1812; was elected a representative from New Hampshire to the Twelfth Congress as a War Democrat, serving from November 4, 1811, until March 3, 1813; was defeated as a candidate for re election to the Thirteenth Congress as a War Demo crat, receiving 15,985 votes against 18,585 votes for B. Cilly, Peace Federalist. Harper, Joseph M., was born at Limerick, Maine, June 21, 1787; was reared on a farm; re ceived a public-school education ; studied medicine, and commenced practice at Canterbury, New Hamp shire, in 1811 ; served in the war against Great Britain as assistant surgeon of the Fourth United-States In fantry ; was a member of the State House of Repre sentatives in 1826 and 1827, and of the State Senate in 1829 and 1830, serving the last year as president of the Senate, and ex officio as governor from February until June, 1831 ; was elected a representative from New Hampshire in the Twenty-second Congress as a Democrat, and was re-elected to the Twenty-third Congress, receiving 22,992 votes against 6,013 votes for S. E. Cones, Whig, and 1,820 votes for D. C. At kinson, Anti-Mason, serving from December 5, 1831, to March 3, 1835; retired from practice to his farm in Canterbury, retaining the presidency of the Me chanics Bank in Concord; and died at Canterbury January 14, 1865. Harper, Robert Goodloe, was born near Fredericksburg, Virginia, in 1765; received a classi cal education, graduating at Princeton College in 1785, and was for a time a teacher there; studied law ; was admitted to the bar in 1786, and commenced practice at Charleston, South Carolina; was elected a representative from South Carolina in the Third Congress (in place of Alexander Gillon, resigned) as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Fourth, Fifth, and Sixth Congresses, serving from February 9, 1795, to March 3, 1801 ; served in the war of 1812, receiving promotion from the rank of colonel to that of major- general; married a daughter of Charles Carroll of Carrollton ; removed to Baltimore, and practised law there ; was elected a United-States senator from Mary land, to serve from January 29, 1816, to March 3, 1821, but resigned in 1816; visited Europe in 1819-1820; delivered an eloquent address to a jury one day, and the next morning, while reading a newspaper after breakfast, fell from his chair, and expired, January 15, 1825. He published a number of pamphlets on the diplomatic questions of the day. Harper, William, was born in the Island of Antigua January 17, 1790 ; was brought by his father to Baltimore, and went from there to Charleston, South Carolina; received a classical education, grad uating at the South-Carolina College in 1808; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice at Columbia; removed to Missouri in 1818; was State chancellor 1819 ; was a member of the State Constitutional Convention in 1821 ; returned to South Carolina in 1823; was State reporter in 1824, 1825; was appointed a United-States senator from South Carolina (in place of John Gaillard, deceased), serv ing from March 28, 1826, to December 7, 1826, when his successor took his seat ; resumed the practice of law at Charleston ; was a member of the State House of Representatives, and speaker of the House, in 1828 ; was appointed a judge of the State Court of Appeals in 1831 ; was chancellor of the State of South Caro lina from 1834 until his death in South Carolina October 10, 1847. He published a volume of "South- Carolina Reports," a "Eulogy on Chancellor De Saussure," and several magazine articles. Harrington, Henry AAT., was born in Otsego County, New York, September 12, 1825; received an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1849, and commenced practice, removing to Madison, Indiana, in 1856 ; was a delegate to the Democratic Convention at Charleston in 1860; was elected a representative from Indiana in the Thirty- eighth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 11,524 votes against 10,144 votes for W. McKee Dunn, Re publican, serving from December 7, 1863, to March 3, 1865 ; was a delegate to the Democratic Conven tion at New York in 1868; was assessor of internal revenue in Indiana. Harris, Benjamin Gwinn, was born near Leonardstown, St. Mary s County, Maryland, De cember, 13, 1806; received an academical education; was a student at Yale College, and afterwards at the Cambridge Law School; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Leonardstown, devoting himself also to agricultural pursuits ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1832, 1833, 1836, 1849, ia52, and 1856; was elected a represen tative from Maryland in the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 4,939 votes against 3,352 votes for Holland, Union, and 2,237 votes for Calyert, Constitutional Union ; was re-elected to the Thirty- ninth Congress, receiving 8,839 votes against 3,389 votes for Holland, Union, serving from December 7, 1863, to March 3, 1867 ; was tried at Washington in May, 1865, by a court-martial, for having given aid and comfort to the enemy by harboring two paroled Confederate soldiers, and sentenced to be imprisoned for three years, and forever disqualified from holding STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 433 any office under the United-States Government ; but, new evidence having been produced, President John son remitted the sentence. Harris, Benjamin W., was born at East Bridgewater, Massachusetts, November 10, 1823 ; re ceived an academic education ; studied law, graduat ing at the Dane Law School, Cambridge, in 1849, and was admitted to the bar at Boston in April, 1850, commenced practice at East Bridgewater in July, 1850, and has been constantly engaged in it since; was a member of the State Senate from Plymouth County in 1857, and a representative in the State legislature from East Bridgewater in 1858; was dis trict-attorney for the South-eastern District of Mas sachusetts from July 1, 1858, until June 30, 1866; was collector of internal revenue for the Second District of Massachusetts from June 20, 1866, until March 1, 1873, when he resigned ; was elected a rep resentative from *Massachusetts in the Forty-third Congress as a Republican, receiving 13,752 votes against 5,090 votes for E. Avery, Democrat; was re- elected to the Forty-fourth Congress as a Republican, receiving 9,651 votes against 6,688 votes for Edward Avery, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Forty- fifth Congress, receiving 15,550 votes against 9,757 votes for Edward Avery, Democrat, serving from December 1, 1873. Harris, Charles M., was born at Munfordsville, Kentucky, April 10, 1821; received a public-school education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Oquawka, Illinois; was elected a representative from Illinois in the Thirty- eighth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 11,626 votes against 8,711 votes for Lawrence, Republican, serving from December 7, 1863, to March 3, 1865. Harris, G. E., was born in Orange County, North Carolina, January 6, 1827; was raised in Caroline County, Tennessee ; removed to Mississippi in 1844; studied law without a preceptor; was ad mitted to the bar in 1854, and commenced practice at Hernando, Mississippi ; was an Old-Line Whig, and opposed to secession, but, when his State severed her connection with the Federal Union, he entered the Confederate army, serving until the close of the war; was elected district-attorney in 1865, re-elected in 1866, and removed from office by the Reconstruction Acts ; was elected a representative from Mississippi in the Forty-first Congress as a Republican, receiving 10,200 votes against 6,360 votes for Wofford, Demo crat, and 429 votes for Avery, Independent Demo crat; was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress; was elected attorney-general of the State of Missis sippi. Harris, Henry R., was born at Sparta, Georgia, February 2. 1828; removed to Greenville, Georgia, in 1833; received a liberal education, graduating at Emory College in 1847; devoted himself to agricultu ral pursuits ; was a delegate to the State Convention of 1861 ; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Forty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 10,631 votes against 8,466 votes for Marion Bethune, Republican; was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Con gress, receiving 9,236 votes; and was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 13,797 votes against 5", 785 votes for H. W. Billiard, Republican, serving from December 1, 1873. Harris, Ira, was born at Charleston, New York, May 31, 1802; was reared on a farm; received a clas sical education, graduating at Union College in 1824; studied law at Cortland with Augustus Donnelly, and afterwards at Albany with Ambrose Spencer; was admitted to the bar in 1827, and commenced practice at Albany; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1844 and 1845 ; was a State sen ator in 1846; was a delegate to the State Constitu tional Convention in 1846; was a justice of the Su preme Court 1847-1859; was elected a United-States senator from New York as a Republican, serving from July 4, 1861, to March 3, 1867; was a delegate at large to the State Constitutional Convention of 1867; was professor of equity, jurisprudence, and practice in the Albany Law School; was for many years president of the Board of Trustees of Union College ; was the first and only chancellor, until his death, of the Rochester University; was president of the American Baptist Missionary Union and sev eral other religious institutions; was struck with paralysis, and died at. Albany December 2, 1C. id. Harris, Isham G., was born in Franklin Coun ty, Tennessee, in 1818; was educated at the academy at Winchendon ; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Paris, Tennessee, in 1841 ; was elected to the State legislature as a Demo crat in 1847; was defeated as a Democratic candidate for presidential elector in 1848; was elected a repre sentative from Tennessee in the Thirty-first Congress as a Democrat, receiving 5,433 votes against 4,302 votes for Morris, Whig; and was re-elected to the Thirty-second Congress, receiving 4,744 votes against 2,852 votes for Hornberger, Whig, serving from De cember 3, 1849, to March 3, 1853; declined a renomi- nation, and removed to Memphis ; was a presidential elector on the Buchanan and Breckinridge ticket in 1856 ; was elected governor of Tennessee as a Demo crat in 1857; re-elected in 1859, and again in 1861; was a volunteer aide upon the staff of the command ing general of the Confederate army of Tennessee for the last three years of the war; returned to the practice of law at Memphis in 1867, and was engaged in it when elected to the United-States Senate as a Democrat, defeating Judge L. L. Hawkins, Repub lican (to succeed Henry Cooper, Democrat), and took his seat March 5, 1877. Harris, J. Morrison, was born at Baltimore, Maryland, in 1821; received a classical education, graduating at Lafayette College, Pennsylvania; stud ied law ; was admitted to the bar in 1843, and com menced practice at Baltimore ; was elected a repre sentative from Maryland in the Thirty-fourth Con gress as an American, receiving 6,538 votes against 6,484 votes for Vansant, Democrat ; was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving 8,761 votes against 5,455 votes for Wythe, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving 9,617 votes against 4,226 votes for Preston, Democrat, serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1861 ; was a dele- ate to the National Union Convention at Philadel phia in 1864 ; was defeated as the Independent can didate for governor of Maryland in 1867. Harris, John, was born in New York; resided in Hcrkimer County ; was elected a representative from New York in the Tenth Congress, serving from Oc tober 26, 1807, to March 3, 1809. Harris, John S., was born at Truxton, Cortland County, New York, December 18, 1825; recejved an academic education ; removed to Milwaukee, Wiscon sin, in 1846, where he followed commercial and finan cial pursuits until 1863, when he removed to Con- cordia Parish, Louisiana, and engaged in the cultiva tion of cotton; he was elected to the Constitutional " ! onvention of that State in 1867, and to the State Senate in April, 1868; he was elected a United-States senator from Louisiana in July, 1868, as a Republican, and served from July 17, 1868, to March 3, 1871 ; en gaged in planting in Louisiana; held several State offices. Harris, John T., was born in Albemarle Coun- :y, Virginia, May 8, 1825; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Harrisonburg; was attorney for the Commonwealth 1852-1859; was presidential elector on the Buchanan ticket in 1856; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 6,011 r otes against 5,080 votes for Skinner, Opposition, erving from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 1861; was a member of the Confederate legislature from .863 to 1865; was judge of the Twelfth Judicial Cir cuit of Virginia from 1866 to 1869; was elected to the Forty-second Congress as a Democrat, receiving 7,300 otes against 520 votes for Reynolds, Independent, 434 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. and 3,000 votes for Gray, Republican ; was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress, receiving 10,894 votes against (5,736 votes for O Ferrall, Independent; was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Congress, receiving 9,626 votes against 7,723 votes for Lewis, Republican ; and was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, re ceiving 17,143 votes against 6,250 votes for Early, Republican, serving from March 4, 1871. Harris, Mark, was born at Ipswich, Massachu setts, in 1779; removed to Portland (then in the dis trict of Maine) in 1800; was in the grocery business; was county treasurer for many years; was a member of the Massachusetts Senate in 1816 and 1819; was a State councillor on the organization of Maine as an independent State; was elected a representative from Maine in the Seventeenth Congress (in place of Ezekiel Whitman, resigned), serving from December 20, 1822, to March 3, 1823 ; was for many years State treasurer; and died at New-York City March 2, 1843. Harris, Robert, was born in Dauphin County, Pennsylvania; resided at Harrisburg ; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Eighteenth Congress as a Democrat ; and was re-elected to the Nineteenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1823, to March 3, 1827. Harris, Sampson "W., was born in Elbert County, Georgia, February 23, 1809; received a clas sical education, graduating at the University of Geor gia in 1828; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Eatonton ; was a member of the House of Representatives of Georgia; removed to Wetumpka, Alabama, in 1838 ; was elected solicit or of the Eighth Circuit in 1841 ; was an unsuccess ful candidate for circuit-judge ; was State senator in 1844, and again in 1845; was elected a representative from Alabama in the Thirtieth Congress as a Demo crat without opposition; was re-elected to the Thir ty-first Congress as a Democrat, receiving 5,511 votes against 4,969 votes for John S. Hunter, Whig; was re-elected to the Thirty-second Congress as a Demo crat, receiving 5,677 votes against 5,085 votes for William S. Mudd, Whig; was re-elected to the Thir ty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 6,285 votes against 1,560 votes for J. Moore, Whig; and was re-elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 6,999 votes against 5,220 votes for W. B. Martin, Know-Nothing, serving from De cember 6, 1847, to March 3, 1857 ; declined a re-elec tion ; was seized before the close of the session with sore throat, and died at Washington City April, 1857. Harris, Thomas K., was elected a representa tive from Tennessee in the Thirteenth Congress as a Democrat, serving from May 24, 1813, to March 2, 1815; his election was unsuccessfully contested by William Kelly; he died from wounds received in a rencounter with Colonel Simpson, April 18, 1816. Harris, Thomas L., was born at Norwich, Con necticut, October 29, 1816; received a classical edu cation, graduating at Trinity College, Hartford, in 1841 ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar in 1842, and commenced practice at Springfield, IHinois, but removed in 1843 to Mound City; was elected to the State Senate in 1846, but did not accept, as he served in the Mexican war, distinguishing himself in several engagements; was elected a representative from Illi nois in the Thirty-first Congress as a Democrat, re ceiving 7,201 votes against 7,095 votes for Logan, Whig, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1851; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Thirty-second Congress, receiving 6,254 votes against 7,008 votes for Yates, Whig; was again elect ed to the Thirty-fourth Congress, receiving 10,090 votes against 9,890 votes for Yates, Republican ; and was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving 14,196 votes against 12,077 votes for Williams, Re publican, serving from December 3, 1855, to Novem ber 24, 1858; on the first Monday in that month he had been re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, re ceiving 16,193 votes against 11,646 votes for Matheny, Republican ; but his efforts during the canvass has tened his death, from pulmonary consumption, at Springfield, Illinois, November 24, 1858. Harris, Wiley P., was born in Mississippi; re sided at Monticello; was elected a representative from Mississippi in the Thirty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving no opposition, serving from De cember 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855; a change in the congressional districts prevented his re-election; was a deputy to the Provisional Congress of the Confederate States which assembled at Montgomery, Alabama, February, 1861. Harris, William A., was born in Fauquier County, Virginia, August 8, 1805; received an aca demical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Luray; was a member of the State House of Representatives ; was a presidential elector on the Van Buren and Johnson ticket in 1840; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Twenty-seventh Congress as a Demo crat, serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1843; was editor of " The Spectator," and subsequently of " The Constitution," published at Washington City; was chartje d affaires to the Argentine Republic Feb ruary 19, 1846-February 27, 1851; removed to Mis souri; was editor of "The Washington Union," and printer to the United-States Senate, 1857-1859 ; and died in Pike County, Missouri, March 28, 1S64. Harrison, Albert G., was born in Kentucky; received a liberal education; studied law; was ad mitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Fulton, Missouri; was elected a representative from Missouri in the Twenty-fourth Congress as a Van Buren Democrat, receiving 4,278 votes against 3,479 votes for James Birch White, Whig; and was re-elected to the Twenty-fifth Congress, receiving 23,425 votes against 16,708 votes for Wilson, Whig, serving from December 7, 1835, to March 3, 1839; died at Fulton, Missouri, September 7, 1839. Harrison, Benjamin (father of William Henry Harrison, and grandfather of John Scott Harrison), was born in Berkeley County, Virginia, April 5, 1740 ; received a classical education, studying, but not graduating, at William and Mary College; was a member of the Colonial House of Burgesses in 1764; took an active part in pre-Revolutionary movements ; was a delegate from Virginia in the Continental Congress 1774-1778; resigning, he was again elected to the House of Burgesses, and was chosen speaker; was governor of Virginia 1782-1784 ; was a delegate to the State Convention that ratified the Federal Constitution, but voted against it; died at City Point, on the James River, April 24, 1791. Harrison, Carter B., was born in Charles Coun ty, Virginia; received a classical education; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Third Congress, and re-elected to the Fourth and Fifth Congresses, serving from December 2, 1793, to March 3, 1799. Harrison, Carter H., was born in Fayette County, Kentucky, February 15, 1825; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1845 ; studied law, but was a farmer in his native county until 1855 ; spent two years in foreign travel ; graduated at Transylvania Law School, Lexington, Kentucky, in 1855; removed to Chicago; did not enter into active practice of law, but was a real- estate owner and operator there ; was elected a Cook- county commissioner in 1871, and served until De cember, 1874 ; and was elected a representative from Illinois in the Forty-fourth Congress as an Opposi tionist (Democratic), receiving, according to the re turns, 9,189 votes against 9,181 votes for Jasper D. Ward, Republican ; Mr. Ward gave notice of contest, but, a recount of the ballots increasing Mr. Harrison s majority to upward of 160, the contest was aban doned; was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 14,732 votes against 14,090 votes for George R. Davis, Republican, serving from December 6, 1875. Harrison, Horace H., was born in Wilson STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 435 County, Tennessee, August 7, 1829 ; received an aca demic education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1857, and commenced practice at Xashville iu 1859: was United-States district-attorney for the Central Tennessee District 1863-1866; was elected chancellor in the Xashville Chancery Division ; was judge of the State Supreme Court 1867, 1868; was presidential elector on the Grant and Colfax ticket in 1869 ; was again United-States district-attorney for the Central Tennessee District 1872-1873; was elect ed a representative from Tennessee in the Forty-third Congress as a Republican, receiving 10,033 votes against 8,131 votes for E. I. Golladay, Democrat, and 5J384 votes for W. G. Brien, Independent Democrat, serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1875. Harrison, James T., of Lowndes County, Mis sissippi, presented to the House of Representatives on the 4th of June, 1866, credentials signed by Gov ernor Humphreys, declaring that he had been elected to represent the Third District of Mississippi in the Thirty-sixth Congress. Harrison, John Scott (grandson of Benjamin Harrison, and son of William Henry Harrison), was born at Xorth Bend, Ohio; received a liberal educa tion ; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirty-third Congress as a Whig, receiving 4,780 votes against 3,849 votes for Rollins, Democrat, and 142 votes for Hine, Free-Soiler; and was re-elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress, receiving 7,562 votes against 3,891 votes for Groesbeck, Democrat, serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1857; died suddenly on his farm, near Xorth Bend, Ohio, May 26, 1878. Harrison, Richard A., was born in England in 1827; emigrated with his parents to America in 183 J, and settled in Ohio; received a public-school education ; served a partial apprenticeship to the art of printing; studied law at the Cincinnati Law School, graduating in 1846, and commenced practice at London; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1846, and of the State Senate in 1848 ; was elected a representative from Ohio in the .Thirty-seventh Congress as a Union Democrat (to fill the vacancy occasioned by the resignation of Thomas Corwin, who had been appointed minister to Mexico), serving from July 4, 1861, to March 3, 1863. Harrison, Samuel S., was born in Maryland; removed to Pennsylvania, and located at Kittanning; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-third Congress as a Democrat; and was re-elected to the Twenty-fourth Congress, serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1837. Harrison, William, was born in Maryland, and was a delegate from that State to the Continen tal Congress, serving 1785-1787. Harrison, William Henry (son of Benjamin Harrison, and father of John Scott Harrison), was born in Charles County, Virginia, February 9, 1773; received a classical education, studying, but not graduating, at Hampden-Sydney College ; studied medicine ; was commissioned by President Washing ton, in April, 1791, ensign, and by gallant conduct in Indian wars had reached the rank of captain when he resigned iu 1797; was appointed secretary of the North-west Territory, and was elected its delegate in the Sixth Congress, serving from December 2, 1799, to March, 1800, when he resigned ; was governor of Indiana 1801-1813, and also Indian agent; was major- general of volunteers; defeated the British and In dians at Tippecanoe Xovember 7, 1811 ; served with distinction in the war of 1812, resigning in 1814; was at the head of a commission to treat with the Indi ans ; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Fourteenth Congress (in place of John McLean, re signed) as a Whig; and was re-elected to the Fif teenth Congress, serving from December 2, 1816, to March 3, 18i9 ; was a member of the State Senate 1819- 1821 ; was elected a United-States senator from Ohio, serving from December 5, 1825, to May 20, 1828, when he resigned ; was minister to Columbia May 24, 1828, to September 26, 1829; was elected President of the United States in 1840, and was inaugurated March 4, 1841 ; died at Washington City April 4, 1841. ""Hart, Emanuel B., was born at Xew York October 29, 1811; received a public-school education; engaged in mercantile pursuits; was an active militia officer, attaining the rank of lieutenant-colonel; was a member of the Board of Aldermen ; was elected a representative from Xew York in the Thirty-second Congress as a Democrat, receiving 3,079 votes against 1,755 votes for Bowen, Whig, serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1853; was appointed by President Buchanan surveyor of the port of Xew York. Hart, E. Kirke, was born at Albion, Xew York, April 8, 1841; was educated at Albion Academy; engaged in banking business in I860, and became cashier of the Orleans-county Xational Bank; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1872; was elected a representative from Xew York in the Forty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 17.797 votes against 17,138 votes for Jdhn M. Davy, Republican, and 167 votes for Alphonso A. Hopkins, Prohibitionist, serving from October 15, 1877. Hart, John, was born at Hopewell, Xew Jersey, in 1708; received a public-school education; engaged in agricultural pursuits; took an active part in pre- Revolutionary movements ; was a delegate from Xew Jersey to the Continental Congress 1774-1777; was hunted by the Hessians, but escaped capture; and, after peace was declared, he returned to his farm, where he died in 1780. Hart, Roswell, was born at Rochester, Xew York, in 1824; received a classical education, gradu ating at Yale College in 1843; studied law; was ad mitted to the bar in 1847, but did not practise; en gaged in mercantile pursuits; was elected a represen tative from Xew York in the Thirty-ninth Congress as a Republican, receiving 13,081 votes against 11,841 votes for James L. Angle, Democrat, serving from December 4, 1865, to March 3, 1867 ; was defeated as the Republican candidate for the Fortieth Congress, receiving 10,757 votes against 12,791 votes for Lewis Selye, Independent Republican. Hartley, Thomas, was born at Reading, Penn sylvania, September 7, 1848; received an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at York, Pennsylvania; served in the Revolutionary war as colonel of the Sixth Pennsylvania Regiment ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1778; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the First, Second, Third, Fourth, Fifth, and Sixth Congresses, serving from March 4, 1789, to December 21, 1800, when he died at York, Pennsylvania. Hartridge, Julian, was born at Savannah, Georgia; received a collegiate education; attended the Law School at Cambridge, Massachusetts ; prac tised law; was solicitor-general of the Eastern Judi cial Circuit of Georgia; member of the legislature of Georgia ; delegate to the Charleston Democratic Con vention in 1860 ; was in the Confederate army during the first year of the war; was a member of the Con federate Congress; was chairman of the executive committee of the Democratic party of Georgia in 1871, delegate for the State at large to the Xational Democratic Convention in 1872, elector for the State at large on the Democratic ticket in 1872, and was elected a representative from Georgia in the Forty- fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 11,252 votes against 6,714 votes for John E. Bryant, Repub lican; and was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 11,465 votes against 5,922 votes for John E. Bryant, "Republican, serving from December 6, 1875. Hartzell, William, was born in Stark County, Ohio, February 20, 1837; removed with his parents to Illinois in 1840, and thence to the then republic of Texas in 1844, where he remained until 1853, when he removed to Randolph County, Illinois, where he has since resided ; was reared on a farm ; graduated at McKendree College, Lebanon, Illinois, in June, 1859 ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar in June, 436 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. 1864, and has since practised; was a Democratic nominee for the Forty-second Congress, and was elected a representative from Illinois in the Forty- fourth Congress as a Democrat (receiving the vote of the Liberal Republicans and the Independent Re form party) by 10,806 votes against 9,280 votes for Isaac Clements, Republican; and Avas re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 14,691 votes against 14,671 votes for Benjamin L. Wiley, Repub lican, sen-ing from December 6, 1875. Harvey, "James M., was born in Monroe Coun ty, Virginia, September 21, 1833; studied principally in the public and select schools of Indiana, Iowa, and Illinois ; practised surveying and civil engineering as a profession until he removed to Kansas at its settle ment in 1859, and has since been a farmer there ; was captain in the Fourth and Tenth Regiments of Kan sas Volunteer Infantry from 1861 until 1864; was a member of the Lower House of the State legislature in 1865, and again in 1866, and a member of the State Senate in 1867-1868; was governor of Kansas in 1869- 1870, and again in 1870-1871 ; was elected a United- States senator from Kansas as a Republican (to fill the vacancy occasioned by the resignation of Alexan der Caldwell, Republican, which had been tempo rarily filled by the appointment of Robert Crozier), serving from February 12, 1874, to March 3, 1877. Harvey, Jonathan (brother of Matthew Har vey), was born in Merrimack County, New Hamp shire, in 1780; received a good English education; resided at Sutton; was for several years a member of the State House of Representatives and Senate, serv ing as president of the Senate 1817-1823; was a mem ber of the Executive Council 1823-1825 ; was elected a representative from New Hampshire in the Nine teenth, Twentieth, and Twenty-first Congresses, serv ing from December 5, 1825, to March 3, 1831 ; died at Sutton, New Hampshire, August 23, 1859. Harvey, Matthew, was born at Sutton, New Hampshire, June 21, 1781; received a classical edu cation, graduating at Dartmouth College in 1806; studied law under John Harris ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Hopkinton, New Hampshire, in 1809; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1814, 1815, 1816, 1817, 1818, 1819, and 1820, and was speaker the last three years; was elected a representative from New Hamp shire in the Seventeenth Congress on a general ticket as a Democrat, and was re-elected to the Eighteenth Congress, serving from December 3, 1821. until March 3, 1S25 ; was a State senator in 1825, 1826, and 1827, serving as president of the Senate; was State council lor in 1828 and 1829; was governor of New Hamp shire in 1830-1831 ; was appointed by President Jack son judge of the United-States District Court for New Hampshire in 1831, which office he held until he died at Concord, New Hampshire, April 7, 1856. Harvie, John, was born in Virginia, and was a delegate from that State to the Continental Congress 177S-1779. T Hasbrouck, Abraham, was born at Kingston, Ulster County; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1781, 1782, and 1811; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirteenth Congress as a Democrat, serving from June 28, 1813, to March 2, 1815 ; was a member of the State Senate in 1822. Hasbrouck, Abraham B., was born in Ulster County, New York; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1810; resided at Kings ton; was elected a representative from New York in the Nineteenth Congress, serving from December 5, 1S25, to March 3, 1827; removed to New Jersey, and was for several years president of Rutgers Col lege. ^ Hasbrouck, Josiah, was born at Kingston, New York; received a public-school education; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1796, 1797, 1802, and 1806; was elected a representa tive from New York in the Eighth Congress, serving from October 17, 1803, to March 3, 1805; and was again elected to the Fifteenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1817, to March 3, 1819. Hascall, Augustus P., was born in Massachu setts; removed to New York, and located at Le Roy; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-second Congress as a Whig, receiving 5,715 votes against 3,699 votes for Sprague, Democrat, and serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1853. Haskell, Dudley C., was born at Oxford, New York, November 25, 1837; lived in Bradford County, Pennsylvania, from infancy until 1865, when he re moved to Topeka, Kansas, and located there; re ceived an academic education ; entered the volunteer army of the United States in 1862, and was mustered out as a captain in the fall of 1864 on account of wounds received in the battle of the Wilderness; was admitted to the practice of law in 1861 ; was county-attorney in Kansas for eight successive years ; was assistant United-States attorney for Kansas from 1873 to 1877; was elected a representative from Kansas in the Forty-fifth Congress as a Republican, receiving 22,088 votes against "17,518 votes for John R. Goodin, Democrat, and serving from October 15, 1877. Haskell, William T., was born in Tennessee; received an academical education ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice ; served in the Mexican war as colonel of a regiment of Ten nessee volunteers, distinguishing himself at Cerro Gordo ; was elected a representative from Tennessee in the Thirtieth Congress as a Whig, serving from December 6, 1847, to March 3, 1849 ; resumed prac tice; was attacked with insanity in August, 1858, and died in the lunatic asylum at Hopkinsville, Kentucky, March 20, 1859. Haskin, John B., was born at Fordham, West- chester County, New York, August 7, 1821 ; received a public-school education; studied law; was ad mitted to the bar, and commenced practice at New- York City in 1845; held several city offices; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 7,195 votes against 5,935 votes for Strang, Republican, and 5,084 votes for Cobb, American ; and was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving 7,637 votes against 7,624 votes for Kemble, Democrat, and 546 votes for Andrews, American, serving from Decem ber 7, 1857, to March 3, 1861. Hastings, George, was born at Clinton. Oneida County, New York, March 13, 1807; received a clas sical education, graduating at Hamilton College in 1826; studied law; was admitted to the barinl830, and commenced practice at Clinton; removed to Mount Morris; was district-attorney for Livingston County 1839-1848; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-third Congress as a Demo crat, receiving 10,681 votes against 9,225 votes for Irvine, Whig, and serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855 ; was elected judge of the county court of Livingston County, serving from November, 1855, until his death at Mount Morris, New York, August 29, 1866. Hastings, John, resided at Salem, Ohio; was elected a representative from that State in the Twenty-sixth Congress as a Democrat; was re- elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress, receiving 54 majority, serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1843; died at Columbus, Ohio, December 29, 1854. Hastings, Samuel Clinton, received an aca demical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Iowa; was a judge of the State Supreme Court; was elected one of the first representatives from Iowa in the Twenty- ninth Congress, serving from December 29, 1846, to March 3, 1847; removed to California, and practised at San Francisco. Hastings, Seth (father of William S. Hastings), was born at Mendon, Massachusetts, in 1761 ; received STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 437 a classical education, graduating at Harvard College in 1782; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Worcester County; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Seventh, Eighth, and Ninth Congresses, serving from December 7, 1801, to March 3, 1807; was a member of the State Senate in 1810 and 1814; was appointed chief justice of the Court of Sessions ; and died at Mendon, Massachusetts, in 1831. Hastings, William Soden (son of Seth Hast ings), was born at Mendon, Massachusetts; received a classical education; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-sixth Con gress, receiving 4,049 votes against 3,090 votes for Alexander H. Everett, Democrat ; was re-elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress, serving from Sep tember 4, 1837, to June 17, 1842, when he died at the Ked Sulphur Springs, Virginia. Hatch, Israel T., was born at Owasco, New York, in 1808; received a public-school education; was a grain merchant and forwarder; was elected a member of the State House of Representatives; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 7,399 votes against 6,923 votes for Spaulding, Republican, and 5,548 votes for Haven, American, and serving from December 7, 1857, to March 3, 1859; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving 7,539 votes against 12,427 votes for E. G. Spaulding, Republican; was appointed by President Buchanan to report on the workings of the reciprocity treaty, and his adverse statements were instrumental in bringing about its abrogation; was postmaster at Buffalo 1859-1861; and died at Buffalo, New York, September 24, 1875. Hatcher, Robert A., was born in Buckingham County, Virginia, February 24, 1819; was educated at private schools in Lynchburg, Virginia ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar in Kentucky, and com menced practice at New Madrid, Missouri, in 1847; was for six years circuit-attorney of the Tenth Judicial Circuit of Missouri ; was a member of the State legislature in 1850 and 1851 ; was a member of the State Convention in 1862; was a member of the Confederate Congress in 1864-1865, and was elected a representative from Missouri in the Forty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 13,340 votes against 4,594 votes for M. Ward, Independent Demo crat; was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Congress, receiving 19,087 votes, without opposition; and was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 21,389 votes against 3,953 votes for L. Davis, Repub lican, and 1,737 votes for W. Ballentine, Republican, serving from December 1, 1873. Hathaway, Samuel G., was born at Free town, Massachusetts, July 18, 1780; received a public- school education ; went to sea before the mast ; re moved to Solon, New York, in 1808; was a member of the State Assembly in 1814 and 1818, and of the State Senate in 1823 ; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-third Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1835; declining a re-election, he devoted himself to agricultural pursuits, and died at Solon May 2, 1807. Hathorn, Henry H., was born at Greenfield, New York, November 96, 1813; received an academic education; was a merchant at Saratoga Springs from 1839 to 1849, and subsequently largely interested in the hotel business there as one of the proprietors of Congress Hall, and also owner of the Hathorn Spring; was supervisor for Saratoga Springs four years between 1850 and 1860; was elected sheriff of Saratoga County in 1853, and again in 1862, serving six years ; was elected a representative from New York in the Forty-third Congress as a Republican, receiving 17,762 votes against 14,756 votes for D. B. Judson, Greeley Republican; and was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Congress as a Republican, receiving 15,933 votes against 15,183 votes for Sanders, Demo crat, serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1877. Hathorn, John, resided at Warwick, Orange County, New York; was elected a representative from that State in the First Congress, serving from April 23, 1789, to March 3, 1791 ; was defeated as the Federal candidate to the Second and subsequently to the Third Congress; was again elected to the Fourth Congress as a Federalist, defeating Lucas Elmendorph, Democrat, serving from December 7, 1795, to March 3, 1797; was defeated as the Federal candidate for the Fifth Congress by Lucas Elmen dorph, Democrat; was a member of the State Senate in 1804; was defeated as a candidate for presidential elector in 1804. Hatton, Robert, was born in Sumner County, Tennessee, in 1827; received a classical education, graduating at Harvard College; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1849, and commenced practice at Lebanon; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1856 ; was elected a representative from Tennessee in the Thirty-sixth Congress as a National American, receiving 6,719 votes against 5,844 votes for Ready, Independent, and serving from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 1861 ; entered the Confederate-States army, was appointed brigadier- general May 23, 1862, and assigned to the command of the Fifth Brigade, First Division, First Corps, Army of Virginia; was killed in action at Edwards s Farm June 1, 1862. Haughey, Thomas, was born at Glasgow, Scotland, in 1826; immigrated to the United States, and located in Alabama in 1840; received a classical education ; studied medicine ; graduated at the Now- Orleans Medical College in 1858 ; served as a surgeon in the United-States army 1862-1865; was subse quently staff-surgeon in the military college at Chat tanooga; was a delegate to the Alabama State Con stitutional Convention of 1867 ; was elected a repre sentative from Alabama in the Fortieth Congress, serving from July 21, 1868, to March 3, 1869. Haun, H. P., was born in Scott County, Ken tucky, January 18, 1815; received an academic edu cation; studied law at Lexington; was admitted to the bar in 1839, and was elected county-attorney; removed to Iowa in 1845, and was a member of the convention which framed the constitution of that State in 1846; removed to Yuba County, California, in 1849; was elected county-judge in 1851: was defeated as the Democratic candidate for governor; was appointed a United-States senator from Cali fornia as a Democrat (in place of David C. Broderick, deceased), serving from December 5, 1859, to March 5, 1860, when his successor took his seat; died at Maysville, California, May 6, 1860. Haven, Nathaniel A., was born in New Hamp shire in 1762; received a classical education, gradu ating at Harvard College in 1779; was elected a representative from New Hampshire in the Eleventh Congress as a Federalist, serving from May 22, 1809, to March 3, 1811; died March 7, 1831. Haven, Solomon G., was born in New York; studied and practised law; was elected a representa tive from New York in the Thirty-second Congress as a Whig, receiving 6,613 votes against 5,305 votes for Stevens, Democrat ; was re-elected to the Thirty-third Congress, receiving 8,037 votes against 7,C54 votes for Verplanck, Democrat, and 434 votes for Davis, Free- Soiler; and was re-elected to the Thirty-fourth Con gress, receiving 9,075 votes against 5,388 votes for Hatch, Democrat, serving from December 1, 1851. to March 3, 1857 ; died at Buffalo, New York, December 24, 1861. Havens, Harrison E., was born in Franklin County, Ohio, December 15, 1837; received a com mon-school education; studied law in Illinois, and practised in that State, and afterward in Iowa; re moved to Springfield, Missouri, in 1867, and became 438 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. editor of "The Springfield Patriot;" was elected a representative from Missouri in the Forty-second Congress as a Regular Republican, receiving 8.830 votes against 7,833 votes for W. E. Gilinore, Bolting Republican; and was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress, receiving 13,156 votes against 12,578 votes for C. B. McAfee, Democrat, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1875. Havens, Jonathan NiooIL was born on Staten Island, New York; received a classical edu cation, graduating at Yale College in 1777; was a member of the State House of Representatives 178(3- 1795 ; was elected a representative from New York in the Fourth Congress, and was re-elected to the Fifth Congress, serving from December 7, 1795, to March 3, 1799; died at his residence on Staten Island July 7, 1799. Hawes, Albert G., was a native of Kentucky; resided at Hawesville ; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Twenty-second Congress as a Jackson Democrat, receiving 3,861 votes against 3,852 votes for Chilton, Clay Democrat; was re- elected to the Twenty-third Congress, defeating R. R. Thompson; and was re-elected to the Twenty-fourth Congress, defeating Robert Triplett, serving from December 5, 1831, to March 3, 1837 ; died at Hawes ville, Kentucky, April 14, 1849. Hawes, Aylett, was born in Culpepper County, Virginia; received a classical education; studied medicine, and practised ; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Twelfth Congress as a Demo crat; was re-elected to the Thirteenth and Four teenth Congresses, serving from March 4, 1811, to March 3, 1817; resumed practice, and died in Cul pepper County, Virginia, August 31, 1833. Hawes, Richard, was born in Caroline County, Virginia, February 6, 1797; received a classical edu cation; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Winchester, Kentucky; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1828, 1829, and 1836; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Whig; and was re-elected to the Twenty-sixth Con gress, serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1841. Hawkes, James, was born at Worcester, Massa chusetts; removed to Richfield, New York, where he held several local offices; was elected a representa tive from New York in the Seventeenth Congress, serving from December 3, 1821, to March 3, 1823. Hawkins, Benjamin, was born in Bute (after wards Warren) County, North Carolina, August 15, 1754; received a classical education, and was at Princeton College, but the Revolutionary war sus pended the exercises while he was in the senior class; having acquired a knowledge of the French language, Hawkins was placed on the staff of General Washington as interpreter; was at the battle of Mon- mouth and other engagements; was sent to the Island of St. Eustatia as purchasing agent of North Carolina in 1780; was a delegate to the Continental Congress 1781-1784 and 1786-1787; was appointed by Congress on commissions to negotiate treaties with the Creeks and Cherokees in 1785; was elected a United-States senator to the First Congress, serving from January 13, 1790, until March 3, 1795; was ap pointed Indian agent for all the tribes south of the Ohio River by President Washington in 1796, and held the office by successive re-appointments until he died at the Creek agency June 6, 1816. Hawkins, George S., was born in New York; removed to Pensacola, Florida; was elected a repre sentative from that State in the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 5,985 votes against 5,226 votes for Baker, American ; and was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving 6,465 votes against 4,070 votes for Wescott, Independent Democrat, serving from December 7, 1857, to March, 1861. Hawkins, Isaac R., was born in Maury County, Tennessee, May 16, 1818; received an academic edu cation; studied and practised law; served in the Mexican war as a first lieutenant of volunteers; was elected by the Tennessee legislature as a delegate to the Peace Congress of 1861 ; was elected as the Union candidate by a majority of 3,000 to the State con vention called to consider the relations of Tennessee with the General Government; entered the Union army as lieutenant-colonel in 1862 ; was appointed chancellor of the Sixth Division in 1865, but de clined; was unanimously chosen to represent his district in the Chicago Convention of 18(38; was elected a representative from Tennessee in the Thirty-ninth Congress as a Republican, receiving 3,322 votes against 1,819 votes for Etheridge, Demo crat; was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, receiv ing 5,000 votes against 981 votes for "William D. Coldwell, Conservative; and was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress, receiving 2,825 votes against 1,136 votes for Foote, Democrat, serving from De cember 3, 1866, to March 3, 1871. Hawkins, Joseph, was born in the State of New York ; received an academic education ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice at Henderson; was for some years a judge; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-first Congress as an Adams Democrat, serv ing from December 7, 1829, to March 31, 1831 ; died at Henderson, New York, May 9, 1832. Hawkins, Joseph H., resided in Lexington, Kentucky; received a liberal education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised ; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1810-1813, serv ing the last two years as speaker; was elected a repre sentative from Kentucky in the Thirteenth Congress (in place of Henry Clay, resigned), serving from March 29, 1814, to March 2, 1815. Hawkins, Micajah Thomas, was born in Warren County, North Carolina; received a liberal education at the University of North Carolina; was a member of the House of Commons of North Caro lina in 1819, and of the State Senate in 1823, 1824, 1825, 1826, 1827, and 1828; was elected a represen tative from North Carolina in the Twenty-second, Twenty-third, Twenty-fourth, Twenty-fifth, and Twenty-sixth Congresses as a Democrat, receiving at the first election 949 votes against 863 votes for Mann, 533 votes for Wyche, and 342 votes for Pope, and at the last election 1,625 votes against 1,621 votes for R. C. Hilliard, also a Democrat, serving from December 5, 1831, until March 3, 1841 ; was a major- general of militia; and died in Warren County De cember 22, 1858. Hawley, John B., was born in Fail-field Coun ty, Connecticut, February 9, 1831; went to Illinois with his parents when quite young; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1854, and commenced practice at Rock Island; in 1856 he was elected State s attorney, serving four years; in 1861 he en tered the Union army as captain, and took an active part in the battles of Forts Henry and Donelson, re ceiving injuries in the last engagement which made it necessary for him to retire from military duty in 1862 ; in 1865 he was appointed by President Lincoln postmaster of Rock Island, and removed the year following by President Johnson ; was elected a rep resentative from Illinois in the Forty-first Congress as a Republican, receiving 17,269 votes against 15,547 votes for Singleton, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress, receiving 12,023 votes against 11,982 votes for P. L. Cable, Democrat; and was re- elected to the Forty-third Congress as a Republican, receiving 13,123 votes against 7,215 votes for C. Truesdale, Liberal and Democrat, serving from March 4, 1869, to March 3, 1875 ; was appointed as sistant secretary of the treasury December 6, 1877. Hawley, Joseph Roswell, was born at Stew- artsville, North Carolina, October 31, 1826; his family removed to Connecticut in 1837; was educated in Connecticut and New York, and graduated at Ham ilton College iu 1847; studied law at Cazenovia, New STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 439 York, and Farmington, Connecticut, and commenced practice at Hartford September 1, 1850; became ed itor of "The Hartford Evening Press" in February, 1857; enlisted in the First Regiment Connecticut Volunteers April 15, 1801, and was commissioned a captain; served three months, and immediately en gaged in recruiting the Seventh Connecticut Volun teers, in which he was commissioned lieutenant-colo nel ; became colonel in 1862, and brigadier-general in 1864; was brevetted major-general in 1865, and was mustered out January 15, 1866 ; was elected governor of Connecticut in April, 1866, holding the office one year; returned to journalism as editor of " The Hartford Courant," with which "The Press " had been consolidated; was president of the National Republican Convention in 1868 ; was elected a repre sentative from Connecticut in the Forty-second Con gress as a Republican November 5, 1872 (to succeed Julius L. Strong, deceased), by 633 majority over W. W. Eaton, Democrat ; and was re-elected to the Forty- third Congress, receiving 12,048 votes against 10,766 votes for S. P. Kendall, Democrat, serving from De cember 2, 1872, to March 3, 1875; was president of the Centennial Exhibition at Philadelphia in 1876. Haws, J. H. Hobart, was born at New- York City, and resided there ; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-second Congress as a Whig, receiving 4,155 votes against 3,824 votes for Marsh, Democrat, and serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1853. Hay, Andrew K., was born in Massachusetts ; received a public-school education ; removed to Wins- low, New Jersey; held several local offices; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Thirty-first Congress as a Whig, receiving 7,052 votes against 6,043 votes for Pitney, Democrat, and serv ing from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1851. Hay, John B., was born at Belleville, Illinois, January 8, 1834 ; received a common-school educa tion; worked on a farm, and in his sixteenth year became a printer; subsequently studied law, and de voted himself to the profession ; was for eight years State s attorney for the Twenty-fourth Judicial Dis trict of Illinois; served in the Union army during the war for the suppression of the Rebellion; was elected a representative from Illinois in the Forty- first Congress as a Republican, receiving 14,980 votes against 13,338 votes for Snyder, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress, receiving 10,903 votes against 10,126 votes for W. Hartzell, Democrat, serving from March 4, 1869, to March 3, 1873. Hayden, Moses, was born in Hampshire Coun ty, Massachusetts; received a classical education, graduating at Williams College in 1804; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at York, Livingston County; was first judge of the Court of Common Pleas of Livingston County 1821- 1823 ; was elected a representative from New York in the Eighteenth Congress; and was re-elected to the Nineteenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1823, to March 3, 1827. Hayes, Philip C., was born at Granby, Connec ticut. February 3, 1833, and removed with his father s family to La Salle County, Illinois, during the sum mer of the same year ; spent the first twenty years of his life on a farm; received a collegiate education; served in the Union army, having been commissioned successively captain, lieutenant-colonel, and colonel, and brevetted brigadier-general; after the war, be came one of the publishers of " The Morris Herald ; " was elected a representative from Illinois in the For ty-fifth Congress as a Republican, receiving 14,849 votes against 13,313 votes for Alexander Campbell, Democrat, and serving from October 15, 1877. Hayes, Rutherford B., was born at Delaware, Ohio, October 4, 1822; received a classical education, graduating at Kenyon College, Ohio; studied law at the Cambridge Law School; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Cincinnati, Ohio; was city solicitor 1858-1861 ; entered the Union army in 1862 as major of the Twenty-third Ohio Volunteers ; received rapid promotion for brilliant services, and, when mustered out after the cessation of hostilities, was brigadier-general ; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirty-ninth Congress as a Repub lican, receiving 10,425 votes against 7,327 votes for Joseph C. Butler, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, receiving 11,549 votes against 8.991 votes for Theodore Cook, Democrat, serving from December 4, 1865, to December, 1867, when he resigned, having been elected governor of Ohio; he was re-elected in 1869, serving 1868-1872; was again elected governor of Ohio, serving 1876-1877; was elected President of the United States in 1876, and inaugurated March 4, 1877. Haymond, Thomas S., was born in Virginia; resided at Fail-mount; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Thirty-first Congress (in place of Alexander Newman, deceased), serving from De cember 3, 1849, to March 3, 1851. Haympnd, William S., was born near Clarks burg, Virginia (now West Virginia) ; received a thor ough classical and scientific education; taught school two years, and served as a civil engineer about one year; studied medicine in his native State, and is a graduate of two medical colleges, one of which is the Bellevue Hospital College of New- York City; commenced practice at Moriticello in 1851, and has continued it since, except when interrupted by other duties imposed upon him; entered the Union army in 1861 as a surgeon, and served until 1863 ; was the unsuccessful candidate of the Democrats and Liber als in his district for the State Senate in 18C6; was elected president of the Indianapolis, Delphi, and Chicago Railroad in 1872, 1873, and 1874 ; is the pro jector of the Chicago and South- Atlantic Railroad, a trunk-line which will extend from Chicago to Charleston and Port Royal, South Carolina: and was elected a representative from Indiana in the Forty- fourth Congress as the candidate of the Democrats and Liberals, receiving 15,088 votes against 14,423 votes for W. H. Calkins, Republican, serving from December 6, 1875, to March 4, 1877; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Forty-fifth Con gress, receiving 15,390 votes against 16,439 votes for W. H. Calkins, Republican. Hayne, Arthur P. (brother of Robert Y. Hayne), was born at Charleston, South Carolina, March 12, 1788; received an English education, and engaged in mercantile pursuits; served in the war of 1812, re ceiving promotion until he became an inspector-gen eral; participated in engagements on the Northern frontier, at Pensacola, and at New Orleans; studied law in Pennsylvania, and was admitted to the bar; served in the Florida war in command of the Tennes see volunteers ; was a member of the State House of Representatives of South Carolina; was a presiden tial elector on the Jackson and Calhoun ticket in 1828; was United-States naval agent in the Mediter ranean for five years; was offered and declined the Belgian mission; was appointed a United-States senator from South Carolina (in place of Josiah J. Evans, deceased), serving from May 20, 1858, to Jan uary 5, 1859, when his successor took his seat ; died at Charleston, South Carolina, January 0, 1807. Hayne, Robert Y. (brother of Arthur P. Hayne), was born near Charleston, South Carolina, November 10, 1791 ; received an academic education ; studied law with Langdon Cheves and A. B. Northrop; was admitted to the bar eight days before he was of age, and commenced practice at Charleston; was a mem ber of the State legislature 1814-1818, serving the last year as speaker; was attorney-general 1818-1822; was elected United-States senator from South Caro lina as a State-rights Democrat, defeating Judge William Smith, serving from December 1, 1823, to December, 1832, when he resigned, having been elect ed governor; served as governor 1832-1 834; was in- tendant and afterwards mayor of Charleston. 1835- 440 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. 1836 ; was president of the Cincinnati and Charleston Railroad 183(5-1839; and died at Ashville, North Car olina, where he was in attendance on a railroad con vention, September 24, 1839; was a contributor to " The Southern Review." His life and speeches were published in 1845. Haynes, Charles E., was born at Brunswick, Virginia; removed to Georgia, and located at Sparta; was defeated as a Clark Democratic candidate for the Eighteenth Congress by Crawford, State-rights, on a general ticket ; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Nineteenth Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Twentieth and Twenty-first Congresses, serving from December 5, 1825, to March 3, 1831 ; was defeated as a candidate for the Twenty- second and Twenty-third Congresses; was again elected to the Twenty-fourth Congress as a Union man, receiving 27,631 votes against 24,734 votes for Daniell, State-rights; and was re-elected to the Twenty-fifth Congress, receiving 29,490 votes against 28,450 votes for King, State-rights, serving from De cember 7, 1835, to March 3, 1839. Hays, Charles, was born in Greene County, Alabama, February 2, 1834; was educated at the University of Georgia, and matriculated at the Uni versity of Virginia in May, 18(54; devoted himself entirely to agricultural pursuits ; was elected to the Constitutional Convention of Alabama in 1867; was elected to the State Senate of Alabama in 1868, and, while a member, was elected a representative from Alabama in the Forty-first Congress as a Republican, receiving a majority of 16,000 votes over Dustin, In dependent, and Read, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress, receiving 18,373 votes against 16,540 votes for J. G. Harris, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress by a majority of 5,212 over his competitor; and was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Congress as a Republican, receiving 23,900 votes against 18,378 votes for James T. Jones, Democrat, serving from December 7, 1869, to March 3, 1877. Hays, L. Samuel, was born in Pennsylvania; removed to Virginia, locating at Stuard s Creek; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Twenty-seventh Congress as a Democrat, serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1843. Hays, Samuel, was born in Virginia; resided at Franklin, Pennsylvania; was elected a representative from that State in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 5,044 votes against 892 votes for Doughty, Abolition, and serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1845. Haywood, William Henry, jun., was born in Wake County, North Carolina, in 1801 ; received a classical education, graduating at the University of North Carolina in 1819; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised ; was a member of the House of Commons of North Carolina in 1831 and 1834- 1836, serving the last year as speaker; was elected United-States senator in 1842 as a Democrat, serving from December 4, 1843, until he resigned, July 25, 1846; returned to practice; was a great sufferer from a cancer at the root of his tongue, and died at Ra leigh, North Carolina, October (5, 1852. Hazard, Jonathan, was born in Rhode Island, and was a delegate from that State to the Continen tal Congress in 1787 and in 1788. Hazard, Nathaniel, was born at Newport, Rhode Island, in 1773; received a classical education, graduating at Brown University in 1792; was elected a representative from Rhode Island in the Sixteenth Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 6, 1819, to his death, after ten days sickness, at Wash ington City, December 17, 1820. He. had been de feated the previous August for re-election as the Democratic candidate for the Seventeenth Congress, having received 2,033 votes against 3,563 votes for Job Durfee, Federalist. Hazeltine, Abner, was born in the State of New York; resided at Jamestown; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1829 and 1830; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-third Congress as a Whig ; and was re-elected to the Twenty-fourth Congress, serving from Decem ber 2, 1833, to March 3, 1837. Hazelton, George C., was born at Chester, New Hampshire, January 3, 1833 ; received a classical edu cation, graduating at Union College, Schenectady, New York, in 1858; studied law; was admitted to the bar in the State of New York, and commenced prac tice at Boscobel, Wisconsin, in 1863; was elected dis trict-attorney of Grant County in 1864, and re-elected in 1866 ; in 1867 was elected State senator, and chosen president pro tempore of the Senate, and was re-elect ed to the Senate in 1860 ; was elected a representative from Wisconsin in the Forty-fifth Congress as a Re publican, receiving 15,582 votes against 13,034 votes for Philo A. Orton, Democrat, and serving from Oc tober 15, 1877. Hazelton, Gerry W., was born at Chester, New Hampshire, February 24, 1829 ; educated at the Pink- erton Academy, Deny, New Hampshire, and after ward with a private tutor; studied law in New York ; removed to Wisconsin in 1856; elected to the State Senate of Wisconsin in 1860, and twice chosen presi dent pro tempore; elected district-attorney for Co lumbia County in 1864; appointed collector of inter nal revenue for the Second District in the winter of 1866, and removed by Andrew Johnson in the same year; appointed United-States attorney for the dis trict of Wisconsin in 1869, which place he held until elected a representative from Wisconsin in the Forty- second Congress as a Republican, receiving 13,467 votes against 11,568 votes for A. G. Cook, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress, re ceiving 13,745 votes against 9,880 votes for A. War den, Democrat, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1875. Hazelton, John W., was born at Mullica Hill, New Jersey; attended the public schools there, and the high school at Burlington; was a practical farm er; was a delegate to the National Republican Convention at Chicago in 1868; was an elector on the Grant and Coif ax ticket in the fall of that year; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Forty-second Congress as a Republican, receiving 14,502 votes against 12,469 votes for B. F. Lee, Demo crat; and was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress, receiving 15,312 votes against 8,948 votes for O. A. Chute, Liberal Republican, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1875. Head, John W., was elected a representative from Tennessee in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, but died before taking his seat. His suc cessor also died before taking his seat, and Congress voted each of their widows $1,250. Healy, Joseph, was born at Cheshire, New Hampshire, in 1776; received a good English educa tion; was a member of the State Senate in 1824; was elected a representative from New Hampshire in the Nineteenth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 4,000 majority over Ezekiel Webster, Federalist; and was re-elected to the Twentieth Congress, serving from December 5, 1825, to March 3, 1829; was a member of the State Executive Council 1829-1832; died at Washington, New Hampshire, October 10, 1861. Heath, James P., was born in. Delaware De cember 21, 1777; received an academic education; fought a duel when nineteen years of age with John Knight, receiving a ball, which was never extracted ; was a lieutenant of engineers in the regular army 1799-1802; was register in chancery at Annapolis; served throughout the war of 1812 as aide-de-camp to General Winder of the Maryland militia; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Twen ty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 400 ma jority over Benjamin C. Howard, Whig, serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1835 ; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for re-election to the Twenty-fourth Congress by Benjamin C. Howard, STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 441 Whig ; was one of the survivors of the wreck of the steamer " Pulaski " in 1838; and died at Georgetown, District of Columbia, June 12, 1854. Heath, John, was born in Virginia; received a classical education; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Third Congress, and was re- elected to the Fourth Congress, serving from De cember 2, 1793, to March 3, 1797. Heaton, David, was born at Hamilton, Ohio, March 10, 1823; received an academic education; read law, and was admitted to practice ; was elected as a Whig to the State Senate of Ohio in 1855; advocated the election of Fremont in 1850 ; removed to St. Anthony s Falls, Minnesota, in 1857; was a member of the State Senate of Minnesota 1858-1863 ; was appointed by Secretary Chase special agent of the Treasury Department and United-States Deposi tory at New Berne, North Carolina, in 1803 ; was ap pointed third auditor of the treasury in 1864, but declined ; was the author of the Republican platform adopted at the Raleigh Convention March 27, 1867 ; was a member of the Constitutional Convention of North Carolina in 1867; was elected a representative from North Carolina in the Fortieth Congress as a Republican in April, 1868; was re-elected in 1868, receiving 14,895 votes against 12,293 votes for Kenan, Democrat; land was renominated in 1870, serving from July 15, 1868, until he died at Washington of consumption June 25, 1870. Hebard, William, was born in Connecticut; received an academic education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Chelsea, Vermont; was judge of probate for Orange County seven years ; was several times a member of the State legislature; was judge of the State Supreme Court 1842-1845 ; was elected a representative from Vermont in the Thirty-first Congress as a Whig, re ceiving 5,603 votes against 5,228 votes for Webber, Democrat, and 296 votes for Weston, Cass Democrat; and was re-elected to the Thirty-second Congress, re ceiving 5,652 votes against 4,384 votes for Jefferson P. Kidder, Democrat, and 206 scattering, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1853. Heflin, Robert S., was born near Madison, Georgia, April 15, 1815; received an academic edu cation ; served in the Creek war in 1836 : was elected clerk of the Superior Court of Fayette County, Georgia, 1836-1840; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1840; was a member of the State Senate of Georgia in 1840 and 1841 ; removed to Randolph Coun ty, Georgia, in 1844; was a member of the House of Representatives of Georgia in 1849, and of the Senate in 1860; was an uncompromising Union man during the war of the Rebellion, and in August, 1864, was compelled to leave his home to save his life, passing through the lines to the Union army at Rome, Georgia, and accompanying General Sherman s com mand to Savannah; was appointed judge of probate in 1865 by Provisional-Governor Parsons, and was subsequently elected to that office, which he held until the State was admitted into the Union; was a presidential elector on the Grant and Colfax ticket in 1872 ; and was elected a representative from Ala bama in the Forty-first Congress as a Republican, receiving 9,895 votes against 9,652 votes for Parken- son, Democrat, serving from December 7, 1869, to March 3, 1871. Heister, Daniel (brother of John Heistcr, and uncle of John Heister), was born in Berks County, Pennsylvania, in 1747; received a public-school edu cation; engaged in mercantile pursuits in Mont gomery County ; was actively engaged in pre-Revolu- tionary movements; was colonel and afterwards brigadier-general of militia, and saw some service in the Revolutionary war; was a member of the Supreme Executive Council of Pennsylvania 1784- 1786 ; was appointed a commissioner of the Connect icut Land Claims in 1787; was elected a representa tive from Pennsylvania in the first Congress ; was re- elected to the Second, Third, and Fourth Congresses, serving from March 4, 1789, to July 1, 1796, when he resigned; removed to Hagerstown, Maryland; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Seventh Congress, and was re-elected to the Eighth Congress, serving from December 7, 1801, to March 8, 1804, when he died at Washington City. Heister, Daniel (son of John Heister, and nephew of Daniel Heister), was born in Berks County, Pennsylvania; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Eleventh Congress, serving from May 22, 1809, to March 3, 1811. Heister, Isaac E., was born in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania; received a classical educa tion, graduating at Yale College in 1842; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice at Lancaster; was deputy-attorney-general for Lancaster County in 1848; was elected a representa tive from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-third Congress as a Whig, receiving 8,840 votes against 6,456 votes for Sampson, Democrat, serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855 ; died at Lancaster, Pennsyl vania, February 6, 1871. Heister, John (brother of Daniel Heister, and uncle of Daniel Heister), was born in Berks County, Pennsylvania, April 9, 1746; was elected a repre sentative from Pennsylvania in the Tenth Congress, serving from October 26, 1807, to March 3, 1809 ; died October 15. 1821. Heister, Joseph, was born at Berne Township, Berks County, Pennsylvania, November 18, 1752 ; re ceived a public-school education ; engaged in mercan tile pursuits; served in the Revolutionary army as captain of a company which he raised and equipped ; was promoted to the rank of colonel ; was taken pris oner, and confined on the Jersey prison-ship; was a member of the Constitutional Convention of 1776; served five years in the State House of Represen tatives, and four years in the State Senate; was a member of the State Constitutional Convention of 1790; was elected a representative from Pennsyl vania in the Fifth Congress (in place of George Ege, resigned); was re-elected to the Sixth, Seventh, and Eighth Congresses, serving from December 1, 1797, to March 3, 1805; was appointed major-general in 1807 to command the quota of Pennsylvania militia called for by the President ; was again elected to the Fourteenth Congress ; was re-elected to the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Congresses, serving from December 4, 1815, to 1820, when he resigned; was governor of Pennsylvania 1820-1823 ; retired from public life, and died at Reading, Pennsylvania, June 10, 1832. Heister, William (nephew of Daniel Heister and John Heister), was born at Berne Township, Berks County, Pennsylvania, in 1791; received a public-school education; devoted himself to agri cultural pursuits on a farm in Lancaster County; was a leading anti-Mason ; was elected a representa tive from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-second Con gress as a Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-third Congress, and was re-elected to the Twenty-fourth Congress, receiving 1,422 votes against 1,067 votes for B. Champneys, Jackson Democrat, serving from December 5, 1831, to March 3, 1837 ; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention of 1837; and died on his farm in Lancaster County October 14, 1853. Helmick, William, was born in Jefferson County, Ohio, September 6, 1817 ; received a public- schooreducation ; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1845, and commenced practice; was elected prosecuting-attorney in 1851 ; was elected a represen tative from Ohio in the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Republican, receiving 8,949 votes against 8,719 votes for Burns, Democrat, serving from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 1861; was a clerk in the Department of the Interior. Helms, William, was born in New Jersey; served in the Revolutionary Avar; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Seventh Con gress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Eighth, 442 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Ninth, Tenth, and Eleventh Congresses, serving from December 7, 1801, to March 3, 1811; removed to Tennessee, and died there in 1813. Hemphill, John, was a native of Chester Dis trict, South Carolina; located at Sumter, South Carolina, where he edited a nullification paper in the crisis of 1832-1833 ; removed to Texas ; was for many years chief justice of the Supreme Court of that State; was elected a United-States senator from Texas, serving from December 5, 1859, until he with drew, and was subsequently expelled July 10, 1801 ; was a deputy to the Provisional Congress of the Con federate States which assembled at Montgomery in February, 1861 ; was chief justice of Texas ; and died at Richmond. Virginia, January 4, 1862. Hemphill, Joseph, was born in Delaware County, Pennsylvania, in 1770; received an aca demical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Chester County; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Seventh Congress as a Federalist, serving from December 7, 1801, to March 3, 1803; removed to Philadelphia; was appointed the first president- judge of the city and county; was again elected a representative in the Sixteenth Congress; was re- elected to the Seventeenth, Eighteenth, and Nine teenth Congresses, serving from December 6, 1819, to 1826, when he resigned ; was again elected to the Twenty-first Congress as a Jackson Democrat, serv ing from December 7, 1829, to March 3, 1831 ; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1831, 1832; and died at Philadelphia May 29, 1842. Hempstead, Edward, was born at New Lon don, Connecticut, June 3, 1780; received an academi cal education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1801 ; commenced practice in Rhode Island, and in 1805 removed to St. Louis ; w r as attorney-general for the Territory of Upper Louisiana 1809-1811 ; was elected a delegate from Missouri Territory in the Twelfth Congress, and re-elected to the Thirteenth Congress, serving from January 4, 1813, to March 2, 1815 ; went on several expeditions against the Indi ans; was a member of the Territorial Assembly, and its speaker; and died at St. Louis August 10, 1817. Hemsley, William, resided in Maryland, and was a delegate from that State in the Continental Congress 1782-1784. Hendee, George Whitman, was born at Stow, Vermont, November 30, 1832; received an academic education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Morrisville; was prose- cuting-attorney in 1858-1859 ; was a member of the Vermont House of Representatives in 1861 and 1862; was a member of the State Senate of Vermont in 1866, 1867, and 1868, and president pro tempore the last year; was lieutenant-governor of Vermont in 1869 ; was governor of Vermont in 1870 ; and was elected a representative from Vermont in the Forty- third Congress as a Republican, receiving 11, 473 votes against 3,182 votes for H. C. Adams, Liberal Repub lican; was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Congress, receiving 9,043 votes against 3,646 votes for Edwards, Democrat ; and was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Con gress, receiving 11,974 votes against 5,367 votes for Edwards, Democrat, serving from December 1, 1873. Henderson, Archibald, was born in Salisbury, North Carolina, August 7, 1868; received a public- school education; studied law with his father, Judge Richard Henderson; was admitted to practice, and became the head of the bar in North Carolina ; was elected a representative from North Carolina in the Sixth Congress, defeating Matthew Locke ; and was re-elected to the Seventh Congress, serving from De cember 2, 1799, until March 3, 1803; was a member of the House of Commons of North Carolina in 1807, 1808, and 1819; and died at Salisbury October 21, 1822. Henderson, Bennett H., was elected a repre sentative from Tennessee in the Fourteenth Congress, serving from December 4, 1815, to March 3, 1817. Henderson, James Pinckney, was born in Lincoln County, North Carolina, March 31, 1808; received an academical education ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Mis sissippi; removed to the republic of Texas in 1836; was appointed by President Houston attorney-general, and subsequently secretary of state; visited Europe as the diplomatic representative of Texas, and in 1844 visited the United States as special minister to negotiate annexation; was a member of the State Constitutional Convention of 1845 ; was governor of Texas in 1846, and commanded in person the State volunteers called for by General Taylor, distinguish ing himself at Monterey; received from Congress a vote of thanks, and a sword which cost $1,500; was elected a United-States senator from Texas as a State-rights Democrat (in place of Thomas J. Rusk, deceased), serving from March 1, 1856, to June 4, 1858, when he died at Washington City. Henderson, John, was born in" 1795; received an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Pass Chris tian, Mississippi; was a brigadier-general of militia; was elected a United-States senator from Mississippi as a Whig, serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1845; practised at New Orleans; was tried at New Orleans on a charge of having been engaged in fitting out an armed expedition against Cuba, and acquitted; and died at Pass Christian, Mississippi, in 1857. Henderson, John B., was born near Danville, Virginia, November 16, 1826; removed to Missouri when a child; received an academical education, and taught school for several years ; studied and practised law; was a member of the State legislature of Mis souri in 1848 and 1856 ; originated the State railroad and banking laws in 1857; was a presidential elector in 1856 on the Buchanan ticket, but opposed the ad ministration after the President s message on the Lecompton Constitution of Kansas ; was a candidate for Congress in 1858 as a friend of Mr. Douglas, but was defeated by Gilchrist Porter; was an elector on the Douglas ticket in 1860, pledging himself to vote for either Douglas or Bell to cany the State against Breckinridge, the Secession candidate; was beaten again for Congress in 1860, after a most exciting can vass, by James S. Rollins, the majority being about 200 in a total vote of 23,000; was a member of the State Convention in 1861 called to determine whether Missouri should secede, and took a prominent part in its proceedings as a Union man; in June, 1861, he procured arms, and equipped a regiment of loyal State militia, and went into service with them that fall; was appointed, in January, 1862, to succeed Trusten Polk in the United-States Senate ; was elect ed United-States senator from Tennessee January, 1863, to serve out Mr. Polk s unexpired term; and was re-elected in 1863, serving from February, 1863, to March 3, 1869 ; was a commissioner to treat with hostile tribes of Indians in 1867 ; was appointed as sistant United-States district-attorney in 1875 to con duct the prosecution of parties accused with having evaded the revenue laws, but reflected on President Grant in an argument, and was removed. Henderson, John H. D., was born near Salem, Kentucky, July 23, 1810; was taken to Missouri Ter ritory by his parents in 1817 ; received a public-school education ; learned the art of printing ; entered the ministry, and was pastor of the Concord congrega tion, Washington County, Pennsylvania, 1843-1851; returned to Missouri ; left April 8, 1852, for Oregon, across the continent, arriving October 12, 1852; was defeated as a Temperance candidate for the Territorial Council by 30 votes in 1854; was elected superin tendent of public schools in Lane County in 185!) ; was elected a representative from Oregon in the Thirty- ninth Congress as a Republican, receiving 8,719 votes against 5,992 votes for Kelly, Democrat, serving from December 4, 1865, to March 3, 1867 ; retired to private life, lecturing and preaching as occasion offered. Henderson, Joseph, was born in Pennsylvania; STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 443 received a public-school education; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty- third Congress as a Democrat, defeating James Mil ler, Whig; and was re-elected to the Twenty-fourth Congress, receiving 603 majority, serving from De cember 2, 1833, to March 3, 1837. Henderson, Samuel, was elected a representa tive from Pennsylvania in the Thirteenth Congress (in place of Jonathan Roberts, elected senator), serv ing from March 29, 1814, to March 2, 1815. Henderson, Thomas, was born in New Jersey ; received a classical education, graduating at Prince ton College in 1761; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised; was a judge of the Court of Common Pleas; was a delegate to the Continental Congress from New Jersey 1779-1780; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Fourth Con gress, serving from December 7, 1795, to March 3, 1797. Henderson 1 , Thomas J., was born at Browns ville, Tennessee, November 29, 1824; received an academic education; removed to Illinois at the age of eleven; was reared upon a farm; was elected clerk of the County Commissioners Court, and then clerk of the County Court, holding the office from 1847 until 1853; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1853, and has since practised; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1855-1856, and of the State Senate in 1857-1861; entered the Union army in 1862 as colonel of the One Hundred and Twelfth Regiment of Illinois Volunteer Infan try, and was brevetted in January, 1865, for gallant services in the Georgia and Tennessee campaigns, especially at the battle of Franklin, Tennessee; and was elected a representative from Illinois in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Republican, receiving 9,389 votes against 6,279 votes for Isaac H. Elliott, Democrat ; and was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Con gress, receiving 15,560 votes against 9,821 votes for Charles Dunham, Democrat, serving from December 6, 1875. Hendricks, Thomas Andrews (nephew of William Hendricks), was bom in Muskingum Coun ty, Ohio, September 7, 1819; was taken when three years of age to Shelby County, Indiana; received a classical education, graduating at Hanover College in 1841; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1843, and commenced practice at Shelbyville ; was a mem ber of the State House of Representatives in 1848, and of the State Senate in 1849; was a delegate to the State Convention in 1850; was nominated on the fifty-third ballot and was elected a representative from Indiana in the Thirty-second Congress as a Democrat; and was re-elected to the Thirty-third Congress, serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1855 ; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Thirty-fourth Congress, receiving 9,286 votes against 9,824 votes for Lucian Barbour, Republican ; was commissioner of the General Land Office 1855- 1859; was defeated as Democratic candidate for gov ernor by Oliver P. Morton in 1859; was elected a United-States senator from Indiana, serving from December 7, 1863, to March 3, 1869; was again de feated as Democratic candidate for governor in 1868; was fleeted governor of Indiana in 1872, and re-elect ed, serving until 1877; was nominated for Vice-Pres ident on the Democratic ticket at St. Louis in 1876, and defeated. Hendricks, "William (uncle of Thomas A. Hendricks), was born in Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania, in 1783; received a public-school edu cation ; removed to Indiana, and was one of the first settlers at Madison in 1814; was secretary of the first State Convention ; was elected the only represen tative from Indiana in the Fourteenth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 5,160 votes against 1,629 votes for General Posey; was re-elected to the Fifteenth Congress, receiving 5,691 votes against 3,461 votes for General Posey; was re-elected to the Sixteenth Congress, defeating Reuben W. Nelson; and was re- elected to the Seventeenth Congress, serving from December 2, 1816, to 1822, when he resigned; was governor of Indiana 1822-1825 ; was elected a United- States senator from Indiana as a Democrat, serving from December 5, 1825, to March 3, 1837; was de feated for re-election as United-States senator; and died at Madison, Indiana, May 16, 1850. Henkle, Eli Jones, was born in Baltimore County, Maryland, November 24, 1828; received an academic education ; taught school three years ; stud ied medicine, and graduated at the University of Maryland in 1850; has devoted his attention chiefly to the practice of his profession and to fruit-culture ; was a trustee, and also professor of anatomy, physi ology, and hygiene, in the Maryland Agricultural College; was president of the Board of Visitors of Washington University of Baltimore, and a director in the Baltimore and Potomac Railroad Company; was elected to the House of Delegates in 1863 ; was a member of the State Constitutional Convention of 1864; was elected to the State Senate in 1866, and again in 1867, serving in 1867, 1868, and 1870; was again elected to the House of Delegates in 1871 and 1873; was a delegate to the National Democratic Convention in 1872; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 11,862 votes against 10,452 votes for A. B. Hagner, Republican ; and was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 14,436 votes against 11,705 votes for John H. Sellman, Republican, serv ing from December 1, 1875. Henley, Thomas J., was born in Indiana in 1810; was educated at the Indiana State College; engaged in agricultural pursuits; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1832-1842; was elected a representative from Indiana in the Twenty- eighth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 7,020 votes against 6,070 votes for White, Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-ninth Congress, receiving 7,219 votes against 6,376 votes for Martin, Whig; and was re- elected to the Thirtieth Congress, receiving 7,170 votes against 7,130 votes for John S. Davis, Whig, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1849; removed to California, where he was a member of the first State legislature; was for seven years super intendent of Indian affairs for California; was post master at San Francisco. Henn, Bernhart, was born in New York; re ceived a public-school education ; removed to Iowa, locating at Fairfield; was elected a representative from Iowa in the Thirty-second Congress as a Democrat, receiving 7,437 votes against 6,985 votes for Wright, Whig, and 301 votes Free-Soil ; and was re-elected to the Thirty-third Congress, receiving 9,453 votes against 7,850 votes for Viele, Whig, serv ing from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1855. Henry, Daniel M., was born near Cambridge, Dorchester County, Maryland, February 19, 1823; was educated at Cambridge Academy, and at St. John s College, Annapolis; studied law; was ad mitted to the bar in 1844, and commenced practice ; was elected a member of the House of Delegates of Maryland in 1846, and again in 1849 ; was elected a member of the State Senate in 1869; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Forty-fifth Con gress as a Democrat, receiving 15,287 votes against 11,905 votes for Thomas A. Spence, Republican, and serving from October 15, 1877. Henry, James, was born in Virginia ; received a classical education; studied law; was admitted to practice, and was appointed a judge; was a delegate to the Continental Congress from Virginia 1780-1781 ; died in Virginia January 17, 1805. Henry, John, was born at Eastern, Maryland; received a classical education, graduating at Prince ton College in 1769; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Easton; was a delegate from Maryland to the Continental Congress 1778- 1781 and 1784-1787; was elected a United-States senator from Maryland, serving from March 4, 1789, 444 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. to December 10, 1797, when he resigned, having been elected governor; was governor of Maryland 1797- 1798; and died at Easton, Maryland, December 16, 1798. Henry, John F. (brother of Robert P. Henry), was born in Scott County, Kentucky, January 17, 1793; devoted himself to agricultural pursuits and to the practice of medicine ; was elected a representa tive from Kentucky in the Nineteenth Congress (in place of his brother Robert P. Henry, deceased), serv ing from December 11, 1826, to March 3, 1827. Henry, Patrick, was born at Studley, Hanover County, Virginia, May 29, 1736; was educated by his father; engaged unsuccessfully in mercantile pur suits; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1760, and commenced practice ; removed to Louisa County in 1764; was a member of the Colonial House of Bur gesses 1765 ; was a delegate from Virginia to the Con tinental Congress 1774-1776; was colonel of the First Virginia Regiment for a few months ; was governor of Virginia 1770-1779 and 1784-1786; was a member of the State Convention which ratified the Federal Con stitution in 1788; retired from the bar in 1794, and devoted himself to agricultural pursuits; declined the appointment of Federal secretary of state offered by Washington, and that of minister to France offered by John Adams; was elected to the State Senate in March, 1799, but never took his seat; and died on his estate of Red Hill, in Charlotte County, June 6, 1799. His life was written by William Wirt, and also by Alexander H. Everett. Henry, Robert P. (brother of John F. Henry), was born in Scott County, Kentucky, November 24, 1788; received a classical education, graduating at Transylvania College ; studied law with Henry Clay ; was admitted to the bar in 1809, and commenced practice; was prosecuting-attorney for his judicial circuit; served in the war of 1812 as aide-de-camp to his father, Ma jor-General William Henry; removed to Hopkinsville; was again prosecuting-attorney for his judicial circuit ; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Eighteenth Congress as a Clay Democrat; and was re-elected to the Nineteenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1823, to August 25, 1826, when he died of fever at Hopkinsville, Kentucky. Henry, Thomas, was born in Ireland in 1785 ; immigrated to the United States, and located at Beaver, Pennsylvania; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Whig ; was re-elected to the Twenty-sixth Congress, receiving 5,260 votes against 4,330 votes for James D. White, Democrat ; and was re-elected to the Twenty- seventh Congress, serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1843; and died at Beaver, Pennsylvania, July 27, 1849. Henry, William, was a delegate from Pennsyl vania to the Continental Congress 1784-1786. Henry, William, was born in New Hampshire ; received a public-school education; removed to Ver mont, and settled at Bellows Falls; was elected a representative from Vermont in the Thirtieth Con gress as a Whig, receiving 6,627 votes against 3,071 votes for Bradley, Democrat, and 2,580 votes Aboli tion and scattering; and was re-elected to the Thirty- first Congress, serving from December 6, 1847, to March 3, 1851. Herbert, Hillary A., was born at Laurensville, South Carolina, March 12, 1S34; removed to Green ville, Butler County, Alabama, in 1846; attended the University of Alabama in 1853-1854, and the Uni versity of Virginia 1855-1856; studied law, and was admitted to the bar; entered the Confederate service as captain; was promoted to the colonelcy of the Eighth Alabama Volunteers; was disabled at the bat tle of the Wilderness May 6, 1864; continued the practice of the law at Greenville, Alabama, until 1872, when he removed to Montgomery ; was elected a representative from Alabama in the Forty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 11,435 votes against 9,394 votes for Gerald B. Hall, Republican, and serving from October 15, 1877. Herbert, John C., was born in Maryland: was elected a representative from that State in the Four teenth Congress; was re-elected to the Fifteenth Congress, serving from December 4, 1815, to March 3, 1819. Herbert, Philemon T., was born in Alabama; removed to California, locating at Mariposa City; was elected a representative from California in the Thirty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 37,409 votes against 36,158 votes for Benham, Whig, serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1857. Hereford, Prank, was born in Fauqnier Coun ty, Virginia, July 4, 1825; graduated in 1845; stud ied law, and practised his profession; removed to California; was district-attorney of Sacramento County, California, October, 1855-October, 1857; was elected a representative from West Virginia in the Forty-second Congress as a Democrat, receiving (in cluding two counties which were not officially counted by reason of their returns not having been received) 8,982 votes against 7,189 votes for John S. Witchcr, Republican; was re-elected to the Forty- third Congress, having as a competitor, in August, J. B. Walker, Republican, and, in October, J. S. Swan; and was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Con gress, receiving 13,524 votes against 7", 745 votes for Witcher, Republican, serving from March 4, 1871, to January 31, 1877, when, having been elected a United-States senator (in place of Allen T. Caperton, deceased), he took his seat in the Senate. Herkimer, John, was born at Danube, Her- kimer County, New York, in 1773; received a public- school education ; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1800-1808; was for several years a judge of the Circuit Court; was elected a repre sentative from New York in the Fifteenth Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 1, 1817, to March 3, 1819; removed to Meriden, New York ; was again elected to the Eighteenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1823, to March 3, 1825; returned to Danube, and died there June 8, 1845. Hernandez, Joseph M., was born at St. Au gustine, Florida, when it was a Spanish colony; transferred his allegiance to the United States ; was elected the first delegate from the Florida Territory in the Seventeenth Congress, serving from January 3, 1823, to March 3, 1823 ; was a member of the Ter ritorial House of Representatives, and its presiding officer; was appointed brigadier-general of volunteers during the war against the Florida Indians; and died near Matanzas, Cuba, June 8, 1857. Herndpn, William S., was born at Rome, Georgia, November 27, 1837 ; removed Avith his father to Wood County, Texas, in May, 1852; received a collegiate education at McKenzie College, Texas; studied law, and commenced practice in 1860; en listed in the Confederate army as a private in 1861, and remained until the close of the Avar; resumed the practice of the laAV at Tyler, Smith County; Avas elected a representative from Texas in the Forty- second Congress as a Democrat, receiving 14.521 votes against 10,209 votes for G. W. Whitmore, Radi cal ; and was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1875. Herod, William, received a thorough English education; studied law; was admitted to the bar. and commenced practice at Columbus, Indiana: Avas a member of the Indiana State Senate; was elected a representative from Indiana in the Twenty-fourth Congress (to fill the vacancy occasioned by the death of George L. Keirnard) as a Whig; and AVUS re-elect ed to the TAventy-fifth Congress, receiving 9,635 votes against 5,888 votes for J. B. Ray, Democrat, serving from January 25, 1837, to March 3, 1839; was defeat ed as the Whig candidate for the Twenty-sixth Con gress by W. W. Wick, Avho received 800 majority. Herrick, Anson (son of Ebenezcr Herrick), Avas born at Lewiston, Maine, January 21, 1812 ; re- STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 445 ceived a public-school education, and learned the art of printing; established "The Citizen" at Wiscas- set, Maine, in 1833; removed to New York in 1S36, and worked as a journeyman printer until 1838, when he established "The New-York Atlas," a weekly newspaper, of which he was the editor until his death; was alderman from the Nineteenth Ward of New-York City in 1854-1856 ; was appointed by Pres ident Buchanan naval storekeeper of the port of New York, and served 1857-1861 ; was elected a rep resentative from New York in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 7,323 votes against 4,085 votes for Murphy, Union, serving from Decem ber?, 1863, until March 3, 1865; was a delegate to the National Union Convention at Philadelphia in 1866; and died at New York February 5, 1868. Herrick, Ebenezer (father of Anson Herrick), was born in Lincoln County, Maine ; received a pub lic-school education ; was secretary of the State Sen ate of Maine 1820; was elected a representative from Maine in the Seventeenth Congress ; was re-elected to the Eighteenth Congress, defeating M. L. Hill; was re-elected to the Nineteenth Congress, defeating Smith and Rose, serving from December 3, 1821, un til March 3, 1827; declined a re-election; was a mem ber of the State Senate of Maine 1828 and 1829 ; and died at Lewiston, Maine, May 7, 1839. Herrick, Joshua, was born at Beverly, Massa chusetts, March 18, 1793; received a public-school education; removed in 1811 to the then district of Maine, and engaged in the lumbering business on the Upper Androscoggin ; served in the war of 1812, and was stationed on the Lower Kennebec; removed to Brunswick, where he was connected with the first cotton-factory erected in Maine; was appointed in 1819 deputy-sheriff of Cumberland County, which position he held for many years; removed early in 1829 to Kennebunkport, and in the spring of that year was appointed by President Jackson deputy- collector and inspector of customs, which position he held until March, 1841; was chairman of the county commissioners of York County 1842-1843; was elected a representative from Maine in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, defeating Rev. Samuel Hopkins, Whig, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1845 ; was again deputy-collector and inspector of customs at Kennebunkport 1847- 1849; was register of probate of York County 1849- 1855; was for several years colonel of militia, and held various local and municipal offices ; was a warm personal friend of Professor Morse, and aided him in establishing the first line of telegraph in this country between Washington and Baltimore in 1844; died at Alfred, Maine, August 30, 1874. Herrick, Richard P., w r as born in Rensselaer County, New York, in 1791; was elected a represen tative from New York in the Twenty-ninth Congress as a Whig, receiving 6,242 votes against 5,692 votes for Seymour, Democrat, and 175 votes for Griffith, American, and serving from December 1, 1845, to June 20, 1846, when he died at Washington City. Herrick, Samuel, was born in Dutchess Coun ty, New York, April 14, 1779 ; received an academical education; studied law at Carlisle, Pennsylvania; was admitted to the bar in 1805, and commenced practice; removed to Zanesville, Ohio, in 1810; held a number of local offices; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Fifteenth Congress as a Democrat; and was re-elected to the Sixteenth Congress, sen-ing from December 1, 1817, to March 3, 1821; his election was unsuccessfully contested by C. Hammond in the Fifteenth Congress; was a presidential elector on the Jackson and Calhoun ticket in 1828; was ap pointed United-States district-attorney for Ohio in 1829; died December 16, 1851. Hersey, Samuel P., was born at Sumner, Maine, April 12, 1812; received an academic educa tion ; engaged in mercantile pursuits at Bangor, and was engaged in banking and the lumber business in Maine, Minnesota, and Wisconsin; was a member of the legislature of Maine in 1842, 1857, 1865, 1867, and 1869, and of the Executive Council in 1851 and 1852 ; was a delegate to the National Republican Conven-. tion at Chicago in 1860, also at Baltimore in 1864, and was a member of the National Republican Com mittee from 1864 to 1868; and was elected a represen tative from Maine in the Forty-third Congress as a Republican, receiving 13,814 votes against 8, 706 votes for M. Emery, Democrat, serving from December 1, 1873, to February 3, 1875, when he died at Bangor, Maine. Hewes, Joseph, was born at Kingston, New Jersey, in 1730; received a classical education, graduating at Princeton College; engaged in mercan tile pursuits, and, at the age of thirty, located at Wilmington, where he accumulated a fortune ; re moved to Edenton, and was a member of the House of Commons of North Carolina in 1774, 1775, and 1776 ; was a delegate to the Continental Congress from 1774 (signing the Declaration of Independence in 1776) until his death at Philadelphia November 10, 1779. Hewitt, Abram Stevens, was born at Haver- straw, New York, July 31, 1822; received his ele mentary education at the public schools of New- York City, where he received a prize-scholarship to Co lumbia College, whence he graduated at the head of his class in 1842 ; was acting professor of mathemat ics in 1843 ; studied law, and was admitted to prac tice in the State Supreme Court in October, 1845 ; his eyesight failing, he engaged in the iron business, and, under the firm of Cooper & Hewitt, established ex tensive iron-works mainly in New Jersey and Penn sylvania; was appointed one of the ten United-States scientific commissioners to visit the French "Expo sition Universelle" of 1867, and made a report on " Iron and Steel," which was published by Congress, and has been translated into most foreign languages; has organized and managed the "Cooper Union for the Advancement of Science and Art," designed especially for the education of the working-classes; and he was elected a representative from New York in the Forty-fourth Congress on the regular Demo cratic ticket, receiving 9,503 votes against 8,083 votes for J. O Brien, Irregular Democrat; and was re-elect ed to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 17,136 votes against 6.805 votes for Hamilton Babcock, Repub lican, and 696 votes scattering, serving from Decem ber 6, 1875. Hewitt, Goldsmith W., was born in Jefferson County, Alabama, February 14, 1834; received an academic education; studied law; w r as admitted to the bar in 1856, and has since practised ; entered the Confederate army in 1861, and served until severely wounded at the battle of Chickamauga in 1863; was elected to the State House of Representatives in 1870, and to the State Senate in 1872 and 1874, but resigned when he was elected a representative from Alabama in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiv ing 15,048 votes against 9,172 votes for J. H. Sloss, Independent Democrat ; and was again elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 13,634 vote_s_ against no opposition, serving from December 6, 1875. Heyward, Thomas, was born in the parish of St. Luke, South Carolina, in 1746 ; received an aca demical education; studied law in the Temple at London; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice; was a member of the Colonial Assembly of North Carolina; was a delegate from North Carolina in the Continental Congress 1776-1798 ; served in the Revolutionary war as captain of artillery; was taken prisoner at the capture of Charleston, and carried to St. Augustine; was a member of the State Constitu tional Convention in 1790; and died on his plantation in the parish of St. Luke, South Carolina, in March, 1809. Heyward, "William., jun., received a classical education, graduating at Princeton College in 1808 ; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Eighteenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1823, to March 3, 1825. 446 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Hibbard, Ellery A., was born at St. Jotmsbury, Vermont, July 31, 1826; received an academic edu cation; studied and practised law; was clerk of the New-Hampshire House of Representatives in 1852, 1853, and 1854 ; was a member of the New-Hampshire House of Representatives in 18ti5 and 1866; and was elected a representative from New Hampshire in the Forty-second Congress as a Democrat, and also as the candidate of the Labor Reformers, receiving 12,444 votes against 12,085 votes for W. B. Small, Republican, 216 votes for B. Van Dame, Prohibi tionist, and 15 scattering votes, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1873; was judge of the Supreme Court of Vermont 1873-1874, declining a re-appoint ment under the revised judiciary system, and resum ing the practice of his profession. Hibbard, Harry, was born at Concord, Ver mont, July 1, 1816; received a classical education, graduating at Dartmouth College in 1835; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1839, and com menced practice at Bath, New Hampshire; was assistant clerk of the State House of Representa tives 1839, and clerk 1840-1843 ; was a member of the State House of Representatives and speaker 1844-1845 ; was a member of the State Senate 1846- 1849 ; was elected a representative from New Hamp shire in the Thirty-first Congress as a Democrat, receiving 7,363 votes against 3,358 votes for J. Kit- tredge, Whig, and 1,712 votes for White, Free-Soiler; was re-elected to the Thirty-second Congress, receiv ing 5,125 votes against 2,248 votes for J. Kittredge, Whig, and 1,018 votes for White, Free-Soiler; and was re-elected to the Thirty-third Congress, receiving 9,635 votes against 7,556 votes for Perkins, Whig, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1855; and died at Somersville, New Hampshire. July 27, 1872. Hibshman, Jacob, was born at Lancaster, Pennsylvania; received a public-school education; held several local offices; was elected a representa tive from Pennsylvania in the Sixteenth Congress, serving from December 6, 1819, to March 3, 1821. Hickman, John, was. born in Chester County, Pennsylvania, September 11, 1810; received an aca demical education; commenced the study of medi cine, but, finding his health too feeble for the dissect ing-room, he studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1833, and commenced practice at West Chester; was a delegate to the National Democratic Conven tion at Baltimore in 1844; was district-attorney for Chester County 1844-1845; was elected a representa tive from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-fourth Con gress as a Democrat, receiving 8,733 votes against 6,077 votes for Broomall, Whig ; was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving 8,024 votes against 7,851 votes for Bowen, Republican, and 532 votes for Larkin, American; was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Douglas Democrat, receiving 6,786 votes against 5,185 votes for Manley, Democrat, and 4,676 votes for Broomall, Republican; was re-elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress as a Republican, re ceiving 10,140 votes against 7,701 votes for Brinton, Democrat, serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1863; declined a re-election to the Thirty-eighth Congress; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1869; and died at West Chester, Pennsylvania, March 23, 1875. Hicks, Thomas Hollyday, was born in Dor chester County, Maryland, September 2, 1798; re ceived a public-school education; worked on his father s farm; was elected constable; was sheriff of Dorchester County in 1831 ; engaged in mercantile pursuits ; was a member of the State House of Rep resentatives in 1836 ; was appointed register of wills in 1838, and held the office a number of years ; was governor of Maryland 1858-1862, taking a firm stand against secession; was appointed a United-States senator from Maryland as a Republican (in place of James A. Pearce, deceased), and was subsequently elected by the legislature, serving from January 14, 1863, to February 13, 1865. He injured one of his feet while getting out of the cars when on an excur sion with the Naval Committee of the Senate ; ery sipelas set in, and amputation became necessary, while his health was enfeebled, and he died of paralysis at Washington City February 13, ISuo. Hiester, Isaac Ellmaker (son of William Heister), was born in Lancaster County. Pennsyl vania; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Lancaster; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-third Congress as a Whig, receiving 8,840 votes against 6,456 votes for Sampson, Whig, and serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855 ; was defeated as the Antislavery Whig candidate for the Thirty- fourth Congress, receiving 5,731 votes against 6,561 votes for Anthony E. Roberts, American Whig; resumed practice, and died at Lancaster, Pennsyl vania, February (>, 1871. Higby, William, was born at Willsborough, New York, August 18, 1813 ; received a classical edu cation, graduating at the University of Vermont; studied and practised law; went to California in 1850; was district-attorney from 1853 to 1859; was a member of the State Senate of California in 1862 and 1863; was elected a representative from Cali fornia in the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Union Republican; was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Con gress, receiving 23,092 votes against 14,557 votes for Coffroth, Democrat; was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, receiving 16,053 votes against 14,786 votes for Coffroth, Democrat, serving from December 7, 1863, to March 3, 1869. Higginson, Stephen, was born at Salem, Massachusetts, November 28, 1743; was bred to mercantile pursuits and navigation; was a delegate from Massachusetts to the Continental Congress 1782-1783; was appointed navy agent at Boston 1797-1801; was a Federalist, strongly opposed to Jefferson; was lieutenant-colonel of a regiment of volunteers sent from Boston to aid in putting down the Shays rebellion ; was a heavy loser by the Avar of 1812; and died at Boston November 22, 1828. He published several political pamphlets. Hill, Benjamin Harvey, was born in Jasper County, Georgia, September 14, 1823; received a classical education, graduating at the University of Georgia at Athens in 1844; stxidied law; was ad mitted to the bar in 1845, and commenced practice at La Grange, Georgia; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1851, 1859, and 1860; was defeated as the American candidate for Congress in 1855, receiving 6,813 votes against 6,883 votes for H. Warner, Democrat; was defeated as the American candidate for governor of Georgia in 1857, receiving 46,889 votes against 57,631 votes for J. E. Brown, Democrat; was a presidential elector on the Bell and Everett ticket in 1861 ; was a delegate to the State Convention of 1861, and advocated the Union until the secession ordinance had been adopted; was a delegate from Georgia to the Confederate Provisional Congress, and subsequently a senator from Georgia in the Confederate Congress; was arrested in 1865, and imprisoned in Fort Lafayette ; was elected a rep resentative from Georgia in the Forty-fourth Con gress (to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Garrett McMillan), and was re-elected to the Forty- fifth Congress, receiving 14,790 votes without any opposition; resigned, having been elected a United- States senator from Georgia, and took his seat March 5, 1877. Hill, Clement S., was born in Kentucky; re sided at Lebanon ; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Thirty-third Congress as an Inde pendent Democrat, receiving 6,126 votes against 5,996 votes for Stone, Democrat, and serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855. Hill, Hugh Li. W., was born in Tennessee; resided at Irving College ; was elected a representa- STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 447 tive from Tennessee in the Thirtieth Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 6, 1847, to March 3, 1849. Hill, Isaac, was born at Someryille, Massachu setts, April 6, 1788; received a public-school educa tion; his parents removed to a farm in Ashburnham, Massachusetts, in 1798; was apprenticed to the art of printing at Amherst 1802-1809 ; removed to Con cord; purchased a newspaper, and issued it as " The New-Hampshire Patriot" for twenty years; was a member of the New-Hampshire House of Repre sentatives, and was a member of the State Senate in 1820-1822 and 1827; was defeated as a candidate for the United-States Senate in 1828; was second comptroller of the United-States Treasury March 21, 1829-May 25, 1839; was elected a United-States senator from New Hampshire as a Democrat, serving from December 5, 1831, to May 28, 1836, when he resigned, having been elected governor; was govern or of New Hampshire 1836-1839; was United-States sub-treasurer at Boston 1840-1841 ; edited and pub lished "Hill s New-Hampshire Patriot" 1840-1847; edited and published " The Farmer s Monthly Visitor" 1841-1851; died at Washington City March 22, 1851. His biography and speeches were published at Concord in 1835. Hill, John, was born at Crawford, North Caro lina; received a public-school education; was a member of the House of Commons of North Carolina in 1819-1822, and of the State Senate in 1823-1826; was elected a representative from North Carolina in the Twenty-sixth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 3,743 votes against 3,696 votes for A. H. Sheppard, Whig, and serving from De cember 2, 1839, until March 3, 1841 ; was reading- clerk of the State Senate of North Carolina in 1850. Hill, John, was born in Buckingham County, Virginia; was reared on a plantation, receiving a good English education ; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Twenty-sixth Congress as a Whig, receiving 913 votes against 708 votes for D. A. Wilson, Van Buren Democrat, serving from De cember 2, 1839, to March 3, 1841. Hill, John, was born at Catskill, New York, June 10,1821; received a private-school education; engaged in mercantile pursuits; removed to Boon- ton, New Jersey, where he held several local offices ; was a member of the State Assembly of New Jersey in 1861, 1862, and 1866, serving the last year as speaker; was active in raising troops for the Union army during the war for the suppression of the Rebellion; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Fortieth Congress as a Repub lican, receiving 13,861 votes against 13,399 votes for Rogers, Democrat, and 194 votes for Huyler, Independent Democrat ; was re-elected to the Forty- first Congress, receiving 16,486 votes against 16,410 votes for Philip Rafferty, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress, receiving 18,057 votes against 15,304 votes for Philip Rafferty, Democrat, serving from March 4, 1867, to March 3, 1873. Hill, Joshua, was born in Abbeville District, South Carolina, January 10, 1812 ; received a public- school education ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Madison, Georgia; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Thirty-fifth Congress as an American, receiving 4,800 votes against 4,525 votes for L. Stephens, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving 4,492 votes against 4,353 votes for Harper, Democrat, serving from December 7, 1857, to January 23, 1861, when he resigned, in obedience to the wish of the Georgia Convention; remained on his plantation during the war ; was ap pointed collector of customs at Savannah in 1866; was appointed a register in bankruptcy in 1867; was a visitor to West Point in 1867 ; was elected a United- States senator from Georgia, serving from January 30, 1871, to March 3, 1873. Hill, Mark L., was born at Biddeford, Massa chusetts (now Maine), June 30, 1772; received a public-school education; was a member of the Massachusetts House of Representatives, and sub sequently of the Senate of that State; was a judge of the Court of Common Pleas; was elected a rep resentative from Massachusetts in the Sixteenth Congress, serving from December 6, 1819, to March 3, 1821 ; was elected a representative from Maine in the Seventeenth Congress, serving from December 3, 1821, to March 3, 1823; was postmaster at Phipps- burg, Maine; was an overseer of Bowdoin College for many years; was collector of customs at Bath, Maine; and died at Phippsburg, Maine, November 26, 1842. Hill, Ralph, was born at Johnson, hio, October 12, 1827; received an academical education; studied law at the New- York Law School ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Columbus, Indiana, in 1852 ; was elected a representative from Indiana in the Thirty-ninth Congress as a Repub lican, receiving 12,017 votes against 11,173 votes for W. Harrington, Democrat, serving from December 4, 1865, to March 3, 1867. Hill, Whitmil, was born in Bertie County, North Carolina, February 12, 1743; received a classical education, graduating at the University of Pennsylvania; was a man of fine literary attain ments, and entered zealously into the Revolutionary struggle ; was a delegate to the Assembly of Freemen at Hillsborough in 1775, the State Congress at Halifax in April, 1776, and the Constitutional Convention at Halifax December 18, 1776; was lieutenant-colonel in the North-Carolina militia ; was a member of the House of Commons of North Carolina in 1777, and of the State Senate in 1778-1780, 1784, and 1785 ; was a delegate to the Continental Congress from North Carolina 1778-1781; died at Hill s Ferry, North Caro lina, September 26, 1797. Hill, "William H., was born in North Carolina; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised; was elected a representative from North Carolina in the Sixth Congress, and was re-elected to the Seventh Congress, serving from December 2, 1799, to March 3, 1803; was judge of the United-States District Court for the district of North Carolina; died in 1809. Hillen, Solomon, jun., was born in Baltimore County, Maryland, in 1813 ; received a classical edu cation, graduating at Georgetown College; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice at Baltimore ; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1834-1838; was elected a repre sentative from Maryland in the Twenty-sixth Con gress as a Democrat, defeating Pitts, Whig, serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1841 ; was mayor of Baltimore 1842-1845; resigned on account of ill health, and devoted himself to agricultural pursuits. Hillhouse, James (son of William Hillhouse), was born at Montville, Connecticut, October 21, 1754; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1773; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at New Haven ; served in the Revolutionary war in the defence of the Con necticut coast; was elected a representative from Connecticut in the Second Congress as a Federalist, and was re-elected to the Third Congress, serving from October 24, 1791, to March 3, 1795; was elected a United-States senator from Connecticut (in place of Oliver Ellsworth, resigned), serving from De cember 6, 1796, to June 10, 1810, when he resigned to accept the office of commissioner of the School Fund, which he held until 1825; was a member of the Hartford Convention; was president of the Farmington and Hampshire Canal Company; was treasurer of Yale College 1782-1832; and died at New Haven, Connecticut, December 29, 1832. Hillhouse, William (father of James Hill- house), was born at Montville, Connecticut, in 1729; received a classical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised; was for fifty 448 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. years a member of the Colonial and State House of Representatives; was for forty years a judge of the Court of Common Pleas; was a delegate from Con necticut to the Continental Congress 1783-1786; died at Montville, Connecticut, January 12, 1816. Hilliard, Henry Washington, was born in Cumberland County, North Carolina, August 8, 1808; received a classical education, graduating at Columbia College, South Carolina, in 1820; studied law ; removed to Athens, Georgia, and was admitted to the bar; was elected professor of the University of Alabama in 1831, but resigned in 1834 to practise law at Montgomery, exercising meanwhile the func tions of a local preacher of the Methodist-Episcopal Church ; w^l elected to the State legislature of Ala bama in 1836, and again in 1838 ; was a member of the Whig National Convention which nominated Harrison and Tyler in 1839; was charge d affaires to Belgium May 12, 1842-August 15, 1844; was elected a representative in the Twenty-ninth Con gress as a Whig, receiving 2,913 votes against 2,753 votes for John Cochran, Democrat ; was re-elected to the Thirtieth Congress as a Whig without opposi tion; was re-elected to the Thirty-first Congress, defeating James L. Pugh, Southern-rights candidate, serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1851 ; resuming the practice of law, he published a volume of his speeches, and occasionally preached ; he com manded a legion of volunteers in the Confederate sen-ice, and, soon after the war, removed to Georgia; was defeated as the Republican candidate for the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 5,785 votes against 13,797 votes for Henry R. Harris, Democrat; was ap pointed minister to Brazil July 31, 1877. Hillyer, Junius, was born in Wilkes County, Georgia, April 23, 18J7; received a classical educa tion, graduating at the State University at Athens in 1828 ; studied law while in college ; was admitted to the bar in one week after graduating, and com menced practice at Athens; was elected by the legis lature solicitor-general for the Western District in 1834 ; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Thirty-second Congress as a Democrat, receiving 6,937 votes against 2,819 votes for Jones, Democrat ; and was re-elected to the Thirty-third Congress, re ceiving 5,439 votes against 2,954 votes for Wofford, Democrat, serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1855; was solicitor of the United-States Treasury December 1, 1857-February 13, 1861, when he re signed. Hindman, Thomas C., was born in Tennessee in 1818; received a public-school education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice in Mississippi; served in the Mexican war as second lieutenant of Mississippi volunteers; removed to Helena, Arkansas; was elected a representative from that State in the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 18,255 votes against 2,853 votes for Crosby, Independent, sen-ing from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 1861 ; was re-elected a representa tive from Arkansas to the Thirty-seventh Congress as a Secessionist, defeating Jesse M. Cyprett, but did not take his seat; was appointed brigadier-general in the Southern Confederacy September 28, 1861, and placed in command of eight Arkansas regiments in the Army of the West; was promoted to be major- general April 18, 1862, and placed in command of the brigades of Deas, Walthall, Manigault, and Anderson, in Folk s corps, Army of the Tennessee ; after the war he resided for a time in Texas, but returned in 1868 to Helena, where he was assassinated at his residence September 28, 1868. Hindman, William, was born in Maryland; received a classical education, from tutors; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Second Congress (in place of Joshua Seney, resigned); was re-elected to the Third, Fourth, and Fifth Con gresses, serving from January 30, 1793, to March 3, 1799; was elected a United-States senator from Maryland (in place of James Lloyd, resigned), serv ing from December 15, 1800, to March 3, 1803 ; and died January 26, 1822. Hinds, James, was born at Hebron, New York, December 5, 1833; received a liberal education; studied law, graduating at the Cincinnati Law Col lege in 1856, and commencing practice in Minnesota; served in the Union army as a private ; settled at Little Rock, Arkansas ; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention; was appointed commis sioner to codify the State laws ; was elected a repre sentative from Arkansas in the Fortieth Congress, sending from June 24, 1868, to October 22, 1868, when he was assassinated at Monroe, Arkansas. Hinds, Thomas, was born in 1775; settled at Greenville, Mississippi; served in the war of 1812, and distinguished himself at the battle of New Orleans; was elected a representative from Missis sippi in the Twentieth Congress (in place of William Haile, resigned) as a Democrat; and was re- elected to the Twenty-first Congress, serving from December 8, 1828, to March 3, 1831 ; died at Green ville, Mississippi, August 23, 1840. Hines, Richard, was born in Edgecombe County, North Carolina; was elected a representative from North Carolina in the Nineteenth Congress, defeat ing the incumbent, Dr. Thomas H. Hall, and serving from December 5, 1825, until March 3, 1827 ; removed to Raleigh; was for many years chairman of the Whig State Central Committee ; and died at Raleigh, North Carolina, in November, 1851. Hiscock, Frank, was born at Pompey, New York, September 6, 1834; received an academic edu cation; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1855, and commenced practice at Tully, Onondaga County ; was elected district-attorney of Onondaga County, serving 1860-1863; removed to Syracuse; was a member of the State Constitutional Convention in 1867; was elected a representative from New York in the Forty-fifth Congress as a Republican, receiv ing 18,425 votes against 13,834 votes for Daniel Pratt, Democrat, serving from October 15, 1877. Hise, Elijah, was "born in Kentucky July 4, 1802 ; was defeated as Democratic candidate for lieu tenant-governor in 1836; was charge d affaires to Guatemala March 31, 1848-June 21, 1849; was a presidential elector on the Buchanan and Ereckin- riclge ticket in 1856; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Thirty-ninth Congress (in place of Henry Grider, deceased) as a Democrat, receiving 6,493 votes against 2,244 votes for P. B. Hawkins, Republican, and serving from December 3, 1866, to March 3, 1867; was re-elected to the Fortieth Con gress, but committed suicide at Russellville, Ken tucky, May 8, 1867. Hitchcock, Peter, was born at Cheshire, Con necticut, October 19, 1780; received a classical educa tion, graduating at Yale College in 1801 ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar in 1804, and commenced prac tice at Cheshire, Connecticut; removed to Geauga County, Ohio ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1810, and of the State Senate in 1812-1816; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Fifteenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1817, to March 3, 1819; was successively chosen a judge of the Supreme Court of Ohio, serving 1824- 1852, a part of which time he was chief justice; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention of 1850; and died at Painesville, Ohio, May 11, 1853. Hitchcock, Phineas W\, was born at New Lebanon, New York, November 30, 1831 ; graduated at Williams College, Massachusetts, in 1855 ; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice at Nebraska in 1857 ; was a member of the Na tional Republican Convention at Chicago in 1860; was appointed United-States marshal in 1861, resign ing in 1864 when elected Territorial delegate to the Thirty-ninth Congress ; on the admission of Nebraska as a State was appointed surveyor-general, which position he held two years ; was elected United-States senator from Nebraska as a Republican (to succeed STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 449 General John M. Thayer), and served from March 4, 1871, until March 3, 1877. Hoag, Truman H., was born at Manlius, New York, April 9,1810; received a public-school education; was a clerk in a store at Syracuse 1832-1839; engaged in the steamboat business on Lake Ontario in 1842; removed to Toledo in 1848, and established himself in the transportation business; AYUS elected a represen tative from Ohio in the Forty-first Congress as a Dem ocrat, receiving 15,507 votes against 14,595 votes for Ashley, Republican, serving from March 4, 1869, to February 5, 1070, when ho died at Washington City. Hoagland, Moses, was born in Ohio; received a public-school education; studied law; was admit ted to the bar, and practised at Millersburg; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirty-first Congress as a Democrat, receiving 6,1C4 votes against 5,144 votes for Weeker, Whig, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1851 ; was appointed United- States judge for Washington Territory. Hoar, Ebenezer Rockwpod (son of Samuel Hoar, and brother of George Frisbie Hoar), was born at Concord, Massachusetts, February 21, 1816; re ceived a classical education, graduating at Harvard College in 1835; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1840, and commenced practice at Concord and Boston; was judge of the Court of Common Pleas 1849-1855; was judge of the Supreme Court 1859- 18(39; was attorney-general of the United States March, 1869- July, 1870; was a member of the Joint High Commission which framed the Treaty of Wash ington in 1871; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Forty-third Congress as a Re publican, receiving 11,742 votes against 5,989 votes for John K. Tarbox, Democrat, serving from Decem ber 1, 1873, to March 3, 1875; resumed the practice of his profession. Hoar, George Prisbie (son of Samuel Hoar, and brother of Ebenezer Rockwood Hoar], was born at Concord, Massachusetts, August 29, 1826; studied in early youth at Concord Academy; graduated at Harvard College in 1846; studied law, and graduated at the Dane Law School, Harvard University; settled at Worcester, where he practised ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1852, and of the State Senate in 1857; was elected a representa tive from Massachusetts in the Forty-first Congress as a Republican, receiving 14,307 votes against 4,974 votes for Stevens, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress, receiving 8,487 votes against 4,277 votes for Cook, Democrat, 1,734 votes for John son, Labor Reformer, and 566 votes for Walker, Pro hibitionist; was re-elected to the Forty-third Con gress, receiving 11,929 votes against 5,829 votes for G. F. Verry, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Congress as a Republican, receiving 9,423 votes against 8,961 votes for Eli Thayer, Democrat, serving from March 4, 1869, to March 3, 1877 ; declined a renomination, and was elected a United-States sena tor from Massachusetts, serving from March 4, 1877. Hoar, Samuel (father of Ebenezer Rockwood Hoar and George Frisbie Hoar), was born at Lincoln, Massachusetts, May 18, 1778; received a classical education, graduating at Cambridge in 1802; was two years a private tutor in Virginia; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1805, and commenced practice at Concord; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention in 1820 ; was a member of the State Senate in 1825 and 1833; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Twenty- fourth Congress as a Whig, serving from December 7, 1835, to March 3, 1837; was sent as a commissioner from Massachusetts to South Carolina in 1844 to test in the courts the constitutionality of State laws au thorizing the imprisonment of colored persons enter ing it, but was expelled from Charleston December 5, 1844; was prominently connected with several reli gious, charitable, historical, and scientific societies; and died at Concord, Massachusetts, November 2, 1856. Hoard, Charles B., was born at Springfield, Vermont, June 28, 1805; received a pubiiosehoci education; learned a trade; removed to Antwerp, New York, and was clerk in a private land-office; removed to Watertown, where he was postmaster under Presidents Jackson and Van Burcn; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 18 )S; was county-clerk of Jefferson County 1844- 1846; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Republican, receiv- ing 11,149 votes against 0,070 votes for Donvin, Dem ocrat, and 39 votes for Clark, American; and was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving 9,162 votes against 7,177 votes for Lyon, Democrat, serving from December 7, 1857, to March 3, 1861. Hobart, Aaron, was born at Abington, Massa chusetts, June 26, 1787; received a classical educa tion, graduating at Crown University in 1805 ; studied law with Judge Mitchell of East Bridgewater; was admitted to the bar in 1819, and commenced practice at Abington ; his health failing, he visited England in 1810, and on his return in 1811 resumed practice at Hanover Four Corners, where he remained until his removal to East Bridgewater in 1824; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1C14, and of the State Senate in 1819; was elected a representa tive from Massachusetts in the Sixteenth Congress (in place of Zabdiel Sampson, resigned) as a Demo crat; was re-elected to the Seventeenth, Eighteenth, and Nineteenth Congresses, serving from December 18, 1820, to March 3, 1827 ; was a member cf the State Executive Council 1827-1831; was appointed judge of probate in 1843, and held the office until it was abolished March 25, 1858 ; died at East Bridgewater, Massachusetts, July 1, 1858. Hobart, John Sloss, was born at Fairfield, Connecticut, in 1738; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1757; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in the State of New York ; was a deputy to the Provincial Convention of 1775; was a delegate to the First, Second, Third, and Fourth Provincial Congresses 1775-1777; was a puisne justice cf the Supreme Court 1777-1798 ; was elected a United-States senator from New York (in place cf Philip Schuylcr, resigned), serving from February 2, 1798, to April, 1798, when he resigned, having been appointed judge of the United-States District Court of New York; died Feb ruary 4, 1805. Hobble, Selah R., was born at Newburg, New York, March 10, 1797; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Delhi ; was dis trict-attorney of Delaware County November 11, 1823- June 11, 1827; was brigade-major and inspector cf militia ; was elected a representative from New York in the Twentieth Congress as a Jackson Democrat, serving from December 3, 1827, to March 3, 1829; was second assistant postmaster-general 1829-1836; was first assistant postmaster-general 1836-1851 ; re signed on account of ill health, but recovered, and was again first assistant postmaster-general March 22, 1853-March 23, 1854, when he died of pulmonary consumption at Washington City. Hodges, Asa, was born January 22, 1823; re moved to Marion, Arkansas, in 1859; stvidicd law; was admitted to the bar in 1849, and continued to practise law until 1860; was elected in 18CG as a delegate from Crittenden County to the Constitu tional Convention under the Reconstruction Acts of Congress; was elected in 1868 a representative in the General Assembly of Arkansas ; was elected in 1870 a member of the State Senate for four years ; and was elected a representative frcm Arkansas in the Forty-third Congress as a Republican, serving from February 4, 1874, to March 3, 1875. Hodges, Charles D., resided at Carrollton, Illinois ; was elected a representative from that State in the Thirty-fifth Congress (in place of Thomas L. Harris, deceased), serving from January, 1859, to March 3, 1859. 450 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Hodges, George T., was born at Clarendon, Vermont, July 4, 1789; received a public-school edu cation ; was trained to business pursuits, and was for many years a successful merchant at Rutland ; was for several successive years a member of the State House of Representatives and a member of the State Senate ; was for upwards of twenty-five years presi dent of the Bank of Rutland ; was elected a represen tative from Vermont in the Thirty-fourth Congress (in place of James Meacham, deceased) as a Repub lican, serving from December 1, 1856, to March 3, 1857; was a leading officer of the Vermont State Agricultural Society; and died at Rutland, Vermont, September 9, 1860. Hodges, James L M was born in Bristol County, Massachusetts, August 7, 1790; received a public- school education; was a member of the State Senate of Massachusetts 182:3-1824 ; was elected a represen tative from Massachusetts in the Twentieth Congress; was re-elected to the Twenty-first Congress, and was re-elected to the Twenty-second Congress on the sev enth trial, receiving 3,438 votes against 3,217 votes for Ruggles, and 147 scattering votes, serving from Decembers, 1827, to March 2, 1833; died at Bristol, Massachusetts, March 8, 1846. Hoffman, Henry W., was born in Maryland; received a public-school education; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Thirty-fourth Congress as an American, receiving 8,320 votes against 7,569 votes for Hamilton, Democrat, serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1857 ; was defeated as the American candidate for the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving 8,716 votes against 8,849 votes for Kunkel, Democrat; was elected sergeant-at-arms of the Thir ty-sixth Congress ; was collector of customs at Balti more 1801-1866. Hoffman, Michael, was born at Clifton Park, New York, in 1788 ; received an academic education ; was educated as a physician, but afterwards studied law; was admitted to the bar, .and commenced prac tice at Herkimer ; was elected a representative from New York in the Nineteenth Congress as a Democrat ; was re-elected to the Twentieth, Twenty-first, and Twenty-second Congresses, serving from December 5, 1825, to March 2, 1833; was canal commissioner of the State of New York April 4, 1833-May 9, 1835 ; was appointed register of the land-office at Saginaw; Illinois, in 1836; returned to Herkimer, New York, and was a member of the State House of Representa tives in 1841, 1842, and 1844; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention 1846 ; was naval officer of the New- York customs district; and died at Brooklyn September 27, 1848. Hoffman, Ogden, was born in the city of New York May 3, 1793; received a classical education, graduating at Columbia College in 1812; he soon after entered the navy as a midshipman, but in three years he resigned ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Orange County; was district-attorney of Orange County May 9, 1823-Jan- uary 6, 1826; removed to New-York City; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1828; was district-attorney of the city and county of New York 1829-1835; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Whig, and was re-elected to the Twenty-sixth Congress, re ceiving 20,577 votes against 19,287 votes for John McKeon, Democrat, serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1841; was United-States district-attorney at New York 1841-1845 ; was attorney-general of the State of New York November 8, 1853-November 7, 1855; and died suddenly at New- York City May 1, 1856. Hogan, John, was born at Mallow, Cork County, Ireland, January 2, 1805; immigrated with his father to the United States in 1817, and located at Balti more; was apprenticed to the shoemaker s trade; re ceived a Sunday-school education ; went West in 1826 ; opened a store in Madison County, Illinois, in 1831; wn a member of the State legislature in 1B36; was register of the land-office at Dixon, Illinois, 1841-1845; removed to St. Louis, Missouri, where he engaged in mercantile pursuits and banking; was postmaster at St. Louis 1857-1861; was elected a representative from Missouri in the Thirty-ninth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 6,026 votes against 4,781 votes for Johnson, Radical, and 3,157 votes for Knox, Rad ical, serving from December 4, 1865, to March 3, 1867. He lias published a work on " The Resources of Mis souri," and another on " The Commerce and Manu factures of St. Louis." Hogan, W^illiam, was born in New York 1792; was taken by his father to Cape Colony when a lad, and there learned Dutch; returned to New York; re ceived a classical education, graduating at Columbia College ; studied law, and was admitted to. the bar, but did not practise; became largely interested in wild lands in Franklin County ; founded the town of Hogansburg ; was county judge of Franklin County ; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-second Congress as a Jackson Democrat, serving from December 5, 1831, to March 2, 1833; was examiner of claims, and afterwards translator in the Department of State at Washington 1850-1860. Hoge, John (brother of William Hoge), was born near Carlisle, Pennsylvania, September 10, 1760 ; re ceived an English education from a private tutor; served in the Revolutionary war as ensign of the Ninth Pennsylvania Regiment; removed with his brother William to the wilds of Western Pennsylvania in 1782, and founded the town of Washington ; was a delegate to the convention which framed the State Constitution in 1789 ; was a member of the State Sen ate 1790-1795; was chosen a member of the American Philosophical Society in 1799; was elected a repre sentative from Pennsylvania in the Eighth Congress (in place of William Hoge, resigned), serving from November 27, 1804, to March 3, 1805; died near Washington, Pennsylvania, August 4, 1824. Hoge, Joseph P., was born in Ohio; received a public-school education ; removed to Galena, Illinois ; held several local offices ; was elected a representative from Illinois in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 7,796 votes against 7,222 votes for Walker, Whig; and was re-elected to the Twenty- ninth Congress, defeating M. P. Sweet, Whig, serv ing from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1847. Hoge, Solomon La Fayette, was born in Logan County, Ohio; received a liberal education; studied law; graduated at the Cincinnati Law Col lege in 1859, and practised at Belief ontaine; entered the Union army in 1861 as first lieutenant in the Ohio Volunteer Infantry; was promoted captain; was severely wounded at the second battle of Bull Run; was twice brevetted for gallant conduct in battle, and at the close of the war received a commis sion in the regular army; he materially aided in the reconstruction of South Carolina, and was elected associate justice of the Supreme Court; was elected a representative from South Carolina in the Forty- first Congress as a Republican, and was given the seat which was contested by Mr. Reed ; was comp troller-general of South Carolina 1874-1875; was again elected to the Forty-fourth Congress as a Re publican, receiving 16,431 votes against 12,873 votes for S. McGowan, Democrat, serving from December 6, 1875, to March 3, 1877. Hoge, William, was born near Carlisle, Penn sylvania; received a public-school education; re moved with his brother John to the wilds of Western Pennsylvania in 1782, and founded the town of Washington; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Seventh Congress, and was re- elected to the Eighth Congress, serving from Decem ber 7, 1801, to 1804, when he resigned; was again elected to the Tenth Congress, serving from October 26, 1807, to March 3, 1809; died near Washington, Pennsylvania. Hogeboom, James L., resided at Castleton, Rensselaer County, New York ; was a member of the STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 451 State House of Representatives 1804, 1805, and 1808; was elected a representative from New York in the Eighteenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1823, to "March 3. 1825. **. Hogg, Samuel, was born in Virginia ; was elect ed a representative from Tennessee in the Fifteenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1817, to March 3, 181U. Holbropk, E. D., was born at Elyria, Ohio, in 1830; received a public-school education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice at Idaho City in Idaho Territory; was elected a delegate from Idaho Territory in the Thirty-ninth Congress as a Democrat ; was re-elected to the Forti eth Congress, receiving 3,641 votes against 2,923 votes for Kirkpatrick, Republican, serving from December 4, 1805, to March 3, 18G9; was assassinated at Idaho City June 18, 1870. Holcomb, George, was born at Lambertsville, New Jersey, in 1780: received a classical education, graduating at Princeton College in 1805; studied medicine, and practised at Allentown, New Jersey; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Seventeenth Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Eighteenth, Nineteenth, and Twentieth Con gresses, serving from December 3, 1821, to January 14, 1828, when he died at Allentown, New Jersey. Holladay, Alexander B., was bom in Vir ginia; received a public-school education; resided at Mansfield; was elected a representative from Vir ginia in the Thirty-first Congress as a Democrat, receiving 2,103 votes against 2,078 votes for Forbes, Whig; and was re-elected to the Thirty-second Con gress, receiving no opposition, serving from Decem ber 3, 1849, to March 3, 1853. Holland, Cornelius, was born July 9, 1783; studied medicine, and commenced practice at Can ton, Maine; was a delegate to the Constitutional Convention which formed the State of Maine in 1819; was a member of the State House of Repre sentatives in 1820 and 1821; was a member of the State Senate in 1822, 1825, and 1826; was elected a representative from Maine in the Twenty-first Con gress (in place of James W. Ripley, resigned), and was re-elected to the Twenty-second Congress, serv ing from December 6, 1830, to March 2, 1833 ; died at Canton, Maine, June 2, 1870. Holland, James, was born in North Carolina; received a public-school education; was elected a representative from North Carolina in the Fourth Congress, serving from December 7, 1795, to March 3, 1797; was re-elected to the Seventh, Eighth, Ninth, Tenth, and Eleventh Congresses, serving from October 17, 1803, to March 3, 1811. Holleman, Joel, was born in Isle of Wight County, Virginia, October 1, 1799; received a clas sical education, graduating at Chapel Hill, North Carolina; taught school for some years ; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Burwell Bay; was elected a representative from Vir ginia in the Twenty-sixth Congress as a Van Buren Democrat, receiving 140 majority over Francis Mai- lory, Whig, and serving from December 2, 1839, to 1840, when he resigned ; was a member of the State House of Representatives; and was serving as speaker when he died, August 5, 1844. Holley, John M., was born at Salisbury, Con necticut, November 1802; received a classical educa tion, graduating at Yale College in 1822 ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar in 1825, and commenced prac tice at Lyons, New York; held several local offices; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1838-1841 ; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirtieth Congress, serving from Decem ber 6, 1847, to March 8, 1848, when he died at Jack sonville, Florida, where he had gone for his health. Hollo way, David P., was born at Waynes- ville, Ohio, December 6, 1809; was taken by his parents to Cincinnati in 1813; received a public- school education; learned the art of printing at Richmond, Indiana; worked for four years in the office of "The Cincinnati Gazette;" established "The Richmond Palladium" in 1832, and edited it formany years; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1843. and of the State Senate 1844-1853; was elected a representative from Indiana in the Thirty-fourth Congress as a Republican, re ceiving 9,419 votes against 5,242 votes for Bucklins, Democrat, serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1857; was commissioner of patents March 28, 1861-August 17, 1805. Holman, William S., was born at a pioneer homestead called Veraestau, in Dearborn County, Indiana, September 6, 1822; received a common- school education, and studied at Franklin College, Indiana, for two years; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Aurora ; was judge of the Court of Probate from 1843 to 1846; was prosecuting-attorney from 1847 to 1849; was a member of the Constitutional Convention of Indiana in 1850; was a member of the legislature of Indiana in 1851 ; was a judge of the Court of Common Pleas from 1852 to 1856; was elected a representative from Indiana in the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 9,425 votes against 7,856 votes for Hackle- man, Republican; was re-elected to the Thirty- seventh Congress, receiving 10,299 votes against 10,007 votes for Yatar, Republican; was re-elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, receiving 10,926 votes against 7,992 votes for Gavin, Republican, serving from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 1865 ; was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, receiving 11,921 votes against 11,052 votes for Grover, Republican ; was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress, receiving 15,665 votes against 14,903 votes for Lamb, Republican ; was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress, receiving 15,396 votes against 12,272 votes for Pritchard, Republican ; was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress, receiving 16,367 votes against 15,039 votes for Herod, Repub lican ; and was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Con gress as a Democrat, receiving 13,302 votes against 10,835 votes for Claypool, Republican, serving from March 4, 1867, to March 3, 1877. Holmes, David, was born in Virginia; received a good English education ; was elected a representa tive from Virginia in the Fifth, Sixth, Seventh, Eighth, Ninth, and Tenth Congresses, serving from May 15, 1797, to March 3, 1809 ; was governor of the Territory of Mississippi by appointment 1809-1817; was governor of the Stale of Mississippi 1817-1819; was elected a United-States senator from Mississippi (in place of Walter Leake, resigned), serving from November 13, 1820, to 1825, when he resigned ; and died at Washington, Mississippi, August 20, 1832. Holmes, Elias Bellows, was born at Fletcher, Vermont, May 27, 1807; received a public-school education; taught school; studied law at Pittstield, New York; was admitted to the bar in 1830, and commenced practice at Brockport, New York, in 1831; became very wealthy by successful investments in real estate; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-ninth Congress as a Whig, receiving 6,807 votes against 5,722 votes for Selden, Democrat, and 395 votes for Sperry, American ; and was re-elected to the Thirtieth Congress, serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1849. Holmes, Gabriel, was born in Duplin (now Sampson) County, North Carolina, in 1764: received a classical education from Rev. Dr. McCorkle of Iredell County, and was a student at Harvard College ; studied law with Judge Taylor at Raleigh ; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Clinton, North Carolina; was a State senator in 1807; was governor of North Carolina 1821-1824; was elected a representative from North Carolina in the Nineteenth Congress, and re-elected to the Twentieth Congress, serving from December 3, 1825, until March 3, 1829; was re-elected to the Twenty-first Congress, defeat ing General Dudley, but died near Clinton, North Carolina, September 26, 1829. 452 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Holmes, Isaac Edward, was born at Charles ton. South Carolina, April 6, 1796; received a clas sical education, graduating at Yale College in 1815; studied law at Charleston ; was admitted to the bar in 1818, and commenced practice there; was one of the- founders of the South-Carolina association organized to resist the attacks upon slavery; was a member of the State legislature in 1826 and 1832 ; was elected a representative from South Carolina in the Twenty-sixth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 1,504 votes against 854 votes for Hugh H. Legare, Union; was re-elected to the Twenty-seventh, Twenty-eighth, Twenty-ninth, and Thirtieth Con gresses; was re-elected to the Thirty-first Congress, receiving 000 majority over Barker, Democrat, serving from December 2, 1889, to March 8, 1851 ; removed to California, where he practised 1851-1857; returned to South Carolina; was a State commissioner to confer with the Federal Government after the cessa tion of hostilities; and died at Charleston, South Carolina, February 25, 1867. Holmes, John, was born at Kingston, Massa chusetts, in March, 1778; received a classical educa tion, graduating at Brown University in 1796; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1799, and commenced practice at Alfred, Massachusetts (now Maine); was a member of the Massachusetts House of Representatives in 1802 and 1803, and of the State Senate 1813-1817 ; was a member of the North eastern Boundary Commission under the treaty of 1815; was elected a representative from Massachu setts in the Fifteenth Congress as a Democrat ; was re-elected to the Sixteenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1817, to 1820, when "he resigned; was a delegate to the convention which framed the State Constitution of Maine, and chairman of the commit tee which draughted it; was elected a United-States senator from Maine, serving from November 13, 1820, to March 3, 1827 ; was appointed by the legislature of Maine a commissioner to digest and report a syste.m of government for the State prison, and to revise the criminal code of the State ; was again elected United- States senator (in place of Albion K. Parris, re signed), serving from January 26, 1829, to March 2, 1833 ; was a member of the State House of Repre sentatives 1835-1838; was United-States district- attorney for the district of Maine from 1841 until his death at Portland, Maine, July 7, 1843. He published " The Statesman; or, Principles of Legis lation and Law." Holmes, Sidney T., was born at Schaghticoke, New York, August 7, 1815 ; received an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1841, and commenced practice at Morrisville; was loan commissioner for Madison County 1848-1851; was surrogate for Madison County 1851-1864; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-ninth Congress as a Republican, receiving 14,638 votes against 9,781 votes for Albertus Perry, Democrat, serving from December 4, 1865, to March 3, 1867. Holmes, Uriel, was born in Connecticut; re ceived a classical education, graduating at Yale Col lege iu 1784; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised; was elected a representative from Connecticut in the Fifteenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1817, to 1818, when he resigned; died in 1827. _Holsey, Hopkins, was born in Virginia in 1799; received an academical education; studied law at Judge Gould s Litchfield Law School, and commenced practice at Hamilton, Georgia; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Twenty- fourth Congress as a Union Democrat, receiving ;; i.4 i8 votes against 27,476 votes for Beall, State- rights ; and was re-elected to the Twenty-fifth Con gress, serving from December 7, 1835, to March 3, 1S39; removed to Athens, Georgia, where he edited "The Southern Banner;" and died at Columbus, Georgia, March 31, 1859. Holt, Hines, was born in Georgia ; was by pro fession a lawyer; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Twenty-sixth Congress (in place of Walter T. Colquitt, resigned), serving from February 1, 1841, to March 3, 1841. Hplt, Orrin, was born in Connecticut; resided at Millington; was elected a representative from Con necticut in the Twenty-fourth Congress as a Demo crat ; and was re-elected to the Twenty-fifth Congress, serving from December 6, 1836, to March 3, 1839. Holten, Samuel, was born at Danvers, Massa chusetts, June 9, 1738; was educated for the medical profession ; was a member of the Continental Con gress 1778-1787, serving one term as president; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Third Congress, serving from December 2, 1793, to March 3, 1795; was judge of probate for Essex Coun ty for a number of years ; and died January 2, 1816. Hook, Enos, was born in Pennsylvania; resided at Waynesburg ; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-sixth Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1841 ; was re-elected to the Twenty-seventh Con gress, but was attacked with bleeding of the lungs at Washington in the spring of 1841, and resigned April 18, 1841. Hooker, Charles E., was born in Union Dis trict, South Carolina; studied law; graduated at the Harvard University Law School, Cambridge, Massa chusetts, and practised at Jackson, Mississippi ; was elected district-attorney of the River District in 1850; was elected to the Mississippi legislature in 1859, and resigned his seat to enter the Confederate army; was wounded during the siege of Vicksburg; was promot ed to the rank of colonel of cavalry, and assigned to duty on the military court attached to General Folk s command ; was elected attorney-general of the State of Mississippi in 1865, and re-elected in 1868, and, in common with the other civil officers of the State, was removed by the military authorities ; was elected to the Forty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving a majority of 5,877 votes over James Hill, Republican; and was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, re ceiving 19,858 votes against 8,646 votes for Shaugh- nessy, Republican, serving from December 6, 1875. Hooks, Charles, was born in Bertie County } North Carolina; was elected a representative from North Carolina in the Fourteenth Congress (in place of William R. King, resigned) as a Democrat, serving from December 2, 1816, to March 3, 1817; was again elected to the Sixteenth, Seventeenth, and Eighteenth Congresses, serving from December 0, 1819, to March 3, 1825; removed to Alabama, where he died in 1851. Hooper, Samuel, was born at Marblehead, Massachusetts, February 8, 1808; received an aca demic education; was interested in mercantile pur suits, especially the China trade ; was a member of the House of Representatives of Massachusetts in 1851, 1852, and 1853, declining a re-election; was a member of the State Senate in 1857, declining a re- nomination on account of business engagements; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Thirty-seventh Congress (in place of William Appleton, resigned) as a Republican ; was re-elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, receiving 5,828 votes against 5,351 votes for Abbott, People s candidate; was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiving 10,403 votes against 5,485 votes for Abbott, Demo crat; was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, receiv ing 7,902 votes against 3,183 votes for Wightman, Democrat ; was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress, receiving 11,328 votes against 8,592 votes for Harvey, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty-second Con gress, receiving 8,025 votes against 5,605 votes for Morse, Democrat, and 688 votes for Sargent, Labor Reform ; and was re-elected to the Forty-third Con gress, receiving 8,715 votes against 0,262 votes for Morse, Democrat, serving from December 2, 1861, to February 14, 1875, whe.n he died, after a brief illness, at Washington City. STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 453 Hooper, "William, was born at Boston, Massa chusetts, June 17, 1742; received a classical educa tion, graduating at Harvard College in 176J; studied law with James Otis ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Wilmington, North Carolina, in 1707; was a member of the State House of Repre sentatives in 1773 ; was a delegate to the Continental Congress 1774-1777 ; was obliged to resign on account of his embarrassed pecuniary condition; and died at Wilmington, North Carolina, in 1790. Hooper, William. H., was born in Dorchester County, Maryland, December 13, 1813; received a common-school education ; was early engaged in mer cantile pursuits, but subsequently was commander of a steamer on the Western rivers ; was elected United- States senator from Utah under the State organiza tion of Deseret adopted by the people of Utah in 1862 ; was elected a delegate to the Thirty-sixth Con gress, serving from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 1861 ; was again elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress ; was re-elected to the Fortieth, Forty-first, and Forty- second Congresses, serving from December 4, 1865, to March 3, 1873 ; engaged in mercantile pursuits at Salt-Lake City. Hopkins, Benjamin Franklin, was born at Hebron, New York, April 22, 1829 ; was reared on a farm; received an academic education; became a telegraph operator ; removed to Wisconsin in October, 1849, and settled at Madison; was secretary of an insurance company, and manager of gas-works; was private secretary to Governor Bashf ourd in 1856-1857 ; was a member of the State Senate in 1861, and of the State House of Representatives in 1865 ; was nomi nated as a representative from Wisconsin in the For tieth Congress after 136 ballots, and elected as a Republican, receiving 14,129 votes against 8,833 votes for Pease, Democrat ; was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress, receiving 18,333 votes against 12,659 votes for Winans, Democrat, serving from March 4, 1867, until he died at Madison January 1, 1870. Hopkins, George \V\, was born in Goochland County, Virginia, February 22, 1804; received a pub lic-school education ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Lebanon, Virginia ; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1833-1834; was elected a representative from Vir ginia in the Twenty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, defeating James H. Gholson; was re-elected to the Twenty-fifth Congress, receiving 1,475 majority over John N. Humes, Whig ; was re-elected to the Twen ty-sixth Congress, receiving 2,821 votes against 2,308 votes f 01 George, Whig ; was re-elected to the Twen ty-seventh Congress ; was re-elected to the Twenty- eighth Congress, receiving about 1,000 majority over Fulton, Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-ninth Congress, serving from December 7, 1835, to March 3, 1847 ; was charge d affaires to Portugal March3, 1847- October 18, 1849 ; was again a member of the State House of Representatives in 1849; was a judge of the Circuit Court ; was again elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving 5,318 votes against 5,249 votes for Martin, American, serving from December 7, 1857, to March 3, 1859; was again elected a member of the State House of Representatives; and died March 2, 1861. Hopkins, James H., was born November 3, 1832, in Washington County, Pennsylvania; graduated at Washington College in 1850; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1852 before he was of age; practised in Pittsburg for twenty years, then retired, and travelled for some time in Europe; engaged in the banking business ; was elected Grand Master of Knights Templar in the United States in 1874 by an almost unanimous vote; never held any political oflice or was a candidate for one until he was defeat ed as representative from the State at large to the Forty-third Congress, and was elected a representa tive from Pennsylvania in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Democrat (the first since Judge Wilkins), re ceiving 10,091 votes against 7,777 votes for James S. Negley, Republican, and 213 votes for Thomas How ard, Independent Republican, serving from Decem ber 6, 1875, to March 3, 1877; was defeated as the Democratic candidate to the Forty-fifth Congress, re ceiving 12,913 votes against 14,561 votes for Russell Errett, Republican. Hopkins, Samuel, was born in Albemarle County, Virginia; served with distinction in the Revolutionary war; removed to Kentucky in 1797; was for several years a member of the State legisla ture; commanded an expedition of 2,000 volunteers in a campaign against the Kickapoo Indians in 1812; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Thirteenth Congress as a Democrat, serving from June 26, 1813, to March 2, 1815 ; died in October, 1819. Hopkins, Samuel M., was born in New York in 1762 ; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1791; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Genesee County ; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirteenth Congress, serving from May 24. 1813, to March 2, 1815 ; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1820 and 1821 ; and died at Geneva, New York, October 8, 1837. Hopkins, Stephen, was born at Scituate, Rhode Island, March 7, 1707; was reared on a farm; re ceived a public-school education; removed to Provi dence in 1731 ; engaged in mercantile pursuits and in land-surveying; was a member of the Colonial As sembly and its speaker 1732-1741; was chief justice of the Court of Common Pleas in 1739, and of the Superior Court 1751-1754; was a delegate to the Colonial Congress which met at Albany in 1754; \vas Colonial governor of Rhode Island 1755, 1756. 1758- 1761, 1763, 1764, 1767; was a delegate from Rhode Island to the Continental Congress 1774-1778; was many years chancellor of Brown University ; and died at Providence, Rhode Island, July 19, 1785. He pub lished by order of the Rhode-Island Assembly, in 1765, "Rights of the Colonies Examined," and an "Account of Providence," in the Massachusetts His torical Collection. Hopkinson, Francis (father of Joseph Hop- kinson), was born at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, in 1738; received a classical education, graduating at the University of Pennsylvania; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1765, and commenced practice; visited England 1766-1768; was appointed royal tax- receiver in New Jersey, but was removed when he espoused the popular cause ; was a delegate from New Jersey in the Continental Congress 1776-1777; was judge of admiralty for Pennsylvania 1779-1789; was judge of the United-States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania 1790-1791 ; died of apoplexy at Philadelphia May 9, 1791. He wrote a number of popular songs, the music for which he composed ; and his "Essays and Occasional Writings" was published in three volumes in 1791. Hopkinson, Joseph (son of Francis Hopkin son), was born at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, No vember 12, 1770 ; received a classical education, grad uating at the University of Pennsylvania in 1786; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1791, and commenced practice at Easton, but soon removed to Philadelphia; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Fourteenth Congress, and was re-elected to the Fifteenth Congress, serving from December 4, 1815, to March 3, 1819; resided three years at Bordentown, New Jersey; resumed practice at Philadelphia; was judge of the United-States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylva nia 1828-1842 ; was a delegate to the State Constitu tional Convention in 1837; died at Philadelphia January 15, 1842. He published a number of scien tific and literary addresses, and was the author of "Hail Columbia." Horn, Henry, was born at Philadelphia, Penn sylvania; held several local offices; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty- 454 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. second Congress as a Jackson Democrat, receiving 572 majority over Daniel W. Coxe, serving from De cember 5, 1831, to March 2, 1833 ; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Thirty-third Congress by Horace Binney, Whig. Hornbeck, John W"., was born in New Jer sey; received a classical education, graduating at Union College, New York ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Allentown, Pennsylvania; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirtieth Congress, serving from December 6, 1847, to January 10, 1848, when he died at Allentown, Pennsylvania. Hornblower, Josiah, was born in Staffordshire in 1729; received a mathematical and mechanical education; came to the United States in 1751 to build a steam-engine at the copper-mines near Belleville, New Jersey; was several years a member of the Colonial House of Eepresentativcs; took an active Eart in Revolutionary movements; was a delegate rom New Jersey to the Continental Congress in 1785-1780; was judge of the Essex-county Court 1798-1809; and died January 21, 1809. Horsey, Outerbridge, was born in Delaware in 1777; received an academical education; studied law with James A. Bayard ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Wilmington, Delaware ; was for many years attorney-general of Delaware; was elected a United-States senator from Delaware in place of Samuel White, deceased, serving from Janu ary 29, 1810, to March 3, 1821 ; died at Needwood, Maryland, June 9, 1842. Horton, Thomas R., was born in the State of New York; resided at Fultonville; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-fourth Congress as a Whig, receiving 9,431 votes against 8,945 votes for Jackson, Democrat, serving from De cember 3, 1855, to March 3, 1857. Horton, Valentine B., was born at Windsor, Vermont, January 29, 1802; was educated at Par tridge s Military College, and, when that institution was removed from Vermont to Connecticut, he ac companied it as a teacher; studied law at Middle- town, Connecticut; was admitted to the bar in 1830; commenced practice at Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, and removed in 1883 to Cincinnati ; in 1835 he again removed to Pomfret, Ohio, where he engaged in mining and manufacturing; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention in 1850; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirty-fourth Congress as a Republican, receiving 9,818 votes against 6,907 votes for Smith, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving 10.272 votes against 9,927 votes for Medill, Democrat, serving from "December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1859; declined a renomination to the Thirty-sixth Con gress ; was a member of the Peace Congress held at Washington in 1861 ; was again elected to the Thir ty-seventh Congress, receiving 11,965 votes against 11,275 votes for Martin, Democrat, serving from July 4, 18Gl, to March 3, 1863. Hosford, Jedediah, was born in Vermont; re moved to New York, and located at Moscow; was elected a representative from New York in the Thir ty-second Congress as a Whig, receiving 7,727 votes against 5,609 votes for Wadsworth, Democrat, serv ing from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1853. Hoskins, George G., was born at Bennington, New York, December 24, 1824; received an academic education ; engaged in mercantile pursuits ; was elected town clerk of Bennington in 1849, and held the office some years; was elected justice of the peace in 1851, and held the office for sixteen succes sive years; was supervisor in 1862; was appointed postmaster at Bennington, New York, by President Taylor, and held the office during the administration of President Fillmore; was again appointed post master at Bennington by President Lincoln, and held the office during his administration and until re moved by President Johnson ; was a member of the Assembly of the State of New York in 1860, 1865, and 1866, and was speaker in 1865 ; in 1868 was ap pointed by Governor Fenton State commissioner of public accounts, and held the office three years; in January, 1870, became a director of the Wyoming- county National Bank; in April, 1871, was appointed by President Grant collector of internal revenue for the Twenty-ninth District of New York, and entered upon the duties of the office May 1, 1871, resigning March 4, 1873, having been elected a representative from New York in the Forty-third Congress as a Re publican, receiving 13,233 votes against 9.509 votes for M. M. Southworth, Liberal ; and was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Congress as a Republican, receiv ing 11,323 votes against 9,397 votes for John H. Buck, Democrat, serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1877 ; was defeated as the Republican candidate for the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 11,847 votes against 12,251 votes for Charles B. Bene dict, Democrat, and 2,327 votes for Flugler, Repub lican. Hosmer, Hezekiah L., was elected a repre sentative from New York in the Fifth Congress, serving from May 15, 1797, to March 3, 1799. Hosmer, Titus, was born at Middletown, Con necticut, in 1736 ; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1757; studied law; was a member of the State Executive Council ; was a mem ber of the State House of Representatives 1773-1778, serving as speaker in 1777 ; was a delegate from Con necticut to the Continental Congress 1777-1779; was appointed, in January, 1780, judge of the Maritime Court of Appeals for the United States ; died at Mid dletown, Connecticut, August 4, 1780. Hostetter, Jacob, was born at York, Pennsyl vania ; received a public-school education ; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Fifteenth Congress (in place of Jacob Spangler, re signed), and was re-elected to the Sixteenth Con gress, serving from November 16, 1818, to March 3, 1P21. Hotchkiss, Giles ^7., was born at Windsor, Broome County, New York, October 25, 1815; studied and practised law ; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Repub lican, receiving 13,889 votes against 9,781 votes for Day, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiving 15,543 votes against 10,806 votes for John Magee, Democrat, serving from December 7, 1863, to March 3, 1867; and was again elected to the Forty-first Congress as a Republican, receiving 17,398 votes against 12,280 votes for Devereux, Dem ocrat, serving from March 4, 1869, to March 3, 1871. Hotchkiss, Julius, was born in Waterbury, Connecticut, July 11, 1810 ; received a common- school education; engaged in manufacturing pur suits ; was mayor of Waterbury in 1852 ; was a mem ber of the legislature of Connecticut in 1851 and 1858 ; was elected a representative from Connecticut in the Fortieth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 14,730 votes against 12,937 votes for Northrup, Re publican, serving from March 4, 1867, to March 3, 1869. Houck, Jacob, jun., was born at Schoharie, New York; received a public-school education; was elected a representative from New York in the Twen ty-seventh Congress as a Democrat, receiving 11,210 votes against 10,143 votes for Jedediah Miller, Whig, serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1843. Hough, David, was born in New Hampshire; received a public-school education; was elected a representative from New Hampshire in the Eighth Congress ; and was re-elected to the Ninth Congress, serving from October 17, 1803, to March 3, 1807. Hough, William J., was born at Cazenovia, New York; received an academical education; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1835 and 1839; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-ninth Congress as a Demo crat, receiving 8,126 votes against 7,426 votes for STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 455 Ledyard, Whig, and 2,268 votes for Brown, Ameri can, serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1847. Houghton, Sherman O., was born in the city of New York April 10, 1828 ; was educated at a com mercial institute in New York ; entered the army as a private in a volunteer regiment in 1846, and was sent to California, and afterward to Mexico, where he served until the close of the war between the United States and that country, having been pro moted to the rank of lieutenant; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised; was mayor of San Francisco in 1855-1856 ; was elected a representative from California in the Forty-second Congress, receiv ing 18,504 votes against 17,303 votes for G. Pearce, Democrat; and was re-eleeted to the Forth-third Congress as a Kepublican, receiving 10,391 votes against 9,012 votes for E. J. C. Kewen, Democrat, serving from December 4, 1871, to March 3, 1875. House, John P., was born in Williamson County, Tennessee, January 9, 1827; received his early education at a grammar-school; afterward entered Transylvania University, Lexington, Ken tucky, but left at the end of the junior year; studied law, and graduated at the Lebanon Law School, Tennessee, in 1850, and commenced practice at Clarkesville ; was a member of the Tennessee legis lature in 1853-1854 ; was presidential elector on the Bell and Everett ticket in 1860; was a member of the Provisional Congress of the Confederate States from Tennessee; at the expiration of his term of service in said body, he entered the Confederate army, and continued therein imtil the close of the war, and was paroled at Columbus, Mississippi, in June, 1865; was a delegate from Tennessee to the National Convention of the Democratic party that nominated Seymour and Blair in 1868 ; was a mem ber of the State Constitutional Convention of Ten nessee in 1870; was elected a representative from Tennessee in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Demo crat, receiving 11,992 votes against 7,227 votes for Horace H. Harrison, Eepublican; and was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 15,719 votes against 8,987 votes for W. F. Prosser, Republican, serving from December 6, 1875. Houston, George Smith, was born in Wil liamson County, Tennessee, January 17, 1811; re moved when a lad to Alabama, where he received a public-school education; studied law; was ad mitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Lime stone County; was a member of the State legislature of Alabama; was elected district-solicitor in 1837; was elected a representative from Alabama in the Twenty-seventh Congress as a Democrat on a general ticket ; was re-elected to the Twenty-eighth Congress, receiving 2,000 majority over Armstrong, Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-ninth Congress; was re- elected to the Thirtieth Congress, receiving 4,746 votes against 2,923 votes for David Hubbard, State-rights Democrat, serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1849; declined being a candidate for the Thirty-first Congress; was again elected to the Thirty-second Congress as a Union Democrat, receiving 4,720 votes against 4,268 votes for C. C. Howard, State-rights Whig; was re-elected to the Thirty-third Congress without opposition; was re-elected to the Thirty- fourth Congress without opposition; was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress without opposition, and was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress without opposition, serving from December 6, 1845, until January 21, 1861, when he resigned, Alabama having seceded ; was elected United-States senator in 1865, but was not permitted to take his seat ; was an un successful candidate for the United-States Senate in 1867 ; was a delegate to the National Union Conven tion at Philadelphia in 1866, and was governor of Alabama 1874-1876. Houston, John, was one of the four citizens who originated revolutionary movements in Georgia in 1774; was a delegate from Georgia to the Con tinental Congress 1775-1777; was a member of the State Council in 1777; was governor of Georgia 1778- 1784; was appointed commissioner for establishing the boundary-line between Georgia and South Caro^ lina 1787; was appointed judge of the State Supreme Court 1792 ; and died at Savannah, Georgia, July 20, 1796. Houston, John Wallace, was born at Con cord, Delaware; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1834 ; studied law with John M. Clayton ; was admitted to the bar in 1837, and commenced practice at Georgetown, Delaware, in 1839 ; was elected a representative from Delaware in the Twenty-ninth Congress as a Whig, receiving 6,221 votes against 6,043 votes for Biddle, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirtieth Congress, receiving 6,154 votes against 6,007 votes for Dillwent, Demo crat; and was re-elected to the Thirty-first Congress, receiving 6,369 votes against 6,026 votes for Whiteley, Democrat, and serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1851 ; was a delegate to the Peace Congress at Washington in 1861. Houston, Samuel, was born near Lexington, Virginia, March 2, 1793; after his fathers death in 1807 his mother removed to Blount County, Tennes see, where he was adopted into the Cherokee tribe; he served with distinction under General Jackson in the Creek war 1813-1814, receiving a severe wound at the battle of Tallapoosa ; commenced the study of law at Nashville, March 1, 1818, and was admitted to the bar ; held several local offices ; was elected a rep resentative from Tennessee in the Eighteenth Con gress as a Democrat, and was re-elected to the Nineteenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1823, to March 3, 1827; was governor of Tennessee 1827- 1829, resigning before the expiration of his term on account of family trouble, and going to the Cherokee reservation in Arkansas, where he re sided for several years, going to Texas with a party of emigrants in April, 1833; he was a member of the Constitutional Convention, and in October, 1835, was made commander-in-chief of the Texan army, terminating the war for independence by the victory at San Jacinto April 2, 1836, where he was severely wounded ; was elected the first president of the republic of Texas, serving 1836-1838; being constitutionally ineligible for re-election, he became a member of the Texan Congress 1838-1840, and was again elected president, serving 1841-1844; was one of the first United-States senators from Texas, serv ing from March 30, 1846, to March 3, 1859; was governor of Texas 1859-1861, and was deposed by a vote of the convention which had passed the ordi nance of secession February 16, 1861, the legislature confirming the action of the convention February 20, 1861 ; died at Huntersville, Texas, July 25, 1863. Houston, W^illiam, was a delegate from Geor gia to the Continental Congress 1784-1787; was a delegate from Georgia to the convention which framed the Federal Constitution, but refused to sign that document. Houston, William Churchill, was born in New Jersey; received a classical education, gradu ating at Princeton College in 1768; was professor of mathematics in that institution ; was a delegate from New Jersey to the Continental Congress 1779-1782 and 1784-1785. Howard, Benjamin, was born in Virginia; re ceived an academic education ; was elected a repre sentative from Kentucky in the Tenth Congress, and was re-elected to the Eleventh Congress, serving from October 26, 1807, to April 10, 1810, when he resigned; was governor of Upper Louisiana 1810- 1812; was appointed brigadier-general in the United- States army March 12, 1813, and assigned to the command of the Eighth Military Department, em bracing the territory west of the Mississippi River; died at St. Louis, Missouri, September 18, 1814. Howard, Benjamin C., was born at " Belvi- dere," Baltimore, Maryland, November 5, 1791; graduated at Princeton College in 1809; studied law; 456 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Baltimore; commanded the "Mechanical Volun teers " at the battle of North Point September 12, 1814; connected himself with the Masonic fraternity in 1823, and was, before he died, the oldest past grand master of that order in Maryland; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1824; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Twenty-first Congress as a Democrat, receiving 6,306 votes against 4,745 votes for Little, Whig; and was re-elected to the Twenty-second Congress, serv ing from December 7, 1829, to March 3, 1833; was again elected to the Twenty-fourth Congress ; was re-elected to the Twenty-fifth Congress, receiving 7,181 votes against 6,952 votes for Kennedy, Whig, serving from "December 7, 1835, to March 3, 1839; was reporter of the decisions of the Supreme Court of the United States 1843-1862; declined the appoint ment of United-States senator in 1848; was a dele gate to the Peace Congress in 1861 ; and died at Baltimore March 6, 1872. Howard, Jacob M., was born at Shaftsbury, Vermont, July 10, 1805; graduated at Williams Col lege, Massachusetts ; studied law in Massachusetts, and commenced its practice in Michigan; was a member of the State legislature of Michigan in 1838; published a translation from the French of the secret memoirs of the Empress Josephine in 1847; drew up the platform of the first convention ever held of the Republican party in 1854, and christened that party ; was elected attorney-general of Michigan in 1854, 1856, and 1858, serving in all six years; was a repre sentative from Michigan in the Twenty-seventh Con gress as a Republican, serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1843; was elected United-States senator as a Republican (to fill the vacancy caused by the de cease of K. S. Bingham) ; and was re-elected in 1865, serving from January 17, 1862, to March 3, 1871. Howard, John Eager, was born in Baltimore County, Maryland, June 4, 1752; received a classical education ; entered the Revolutionary army as cap tain in Hall s regiment, and was promoted after his gallantry in numerous battles, having attained the rank of colonel when peace was declared ; was a delegate from Maryland to the Continental Congress 1787-1788; was governor of Maryland 1789-1792; declined the position of secretary of war tendered him by President Washington in 1795 ; was a member of the State Senate 1795; was elected a United- States senator from Maryland (in place of Richard Potts, resigned), serving from December 27, 1796, to March 3, 1803; was selected by Washington as a brigadier-general, when, in anticipation of a war with France, he organized an army in 1798; and died at Baltimore. Maryland, October 12, 1827. Howard, Tilghman A., was born near Pick- insville, South Carolina, November 14, 1797; received a public-school education; taught school; studied law in Tennessee with Hugh Lawson White ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Tennessee; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1824; was a presidential elector on the Jackson and Calhpun ticket in 1825; removed in 1830 to Rockville, Indiana, where he continued to practise ; was elected a representative from Indiana in the Twenty-sixth Congress as a Democrat, receiv ing 1,237 majority over Evans, Whig, serving from December 2, 1839, to August 1, 1840, when he re signed to run as Democratic candidate for governor against Samuel Bigger, but was defeated ; was ap pointed charge d affaires to the republic of Texas June 11, 1844; and died at Washington, Texas, August 16, 1844. Howard, Volney E., was born at Norridge- wock, Maine; received an English education; stud ied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Vicksburg, Mississippi ; fought a duel with Sergeant S. Prentiss, and another with Alexander G. McNutt; removed to San Antonio, Texas; was elected a representative from Texas in the Thirty- first Congress as a Democrat, receiving 4,120 votes against 2,976 votes for Williamson, 2,135 votes for Timothy Pillsbury, Calhoun Democrat, and 721 votes for Hugh McLeod, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-second Congress, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1853. Howard, William, was born in Virginia; re ceived a public-school education ; removed to Ohio, and located at Batavia; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Demo crat, receiving 7,792 votes against 6,922 votes for Clark, Republican, and serving from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 1861. Howard, William A., was born in Vermont; received a classical education, graduating at Middle- bury College in 1839 ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Detroit; was elected a representative from Michigan in the Thirty- fourth Congress as a Republican, receiving 9,877 votes against 8,723 votes for Stuart, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving 13,658 votes against 12,791 votes for Lothrop, Demo crat; and was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Con gress, receiving 1,600 majority, serving from Decem ber 3, 1855, to March 3, 1861, having successfully contested the election of G. B. Cooper in the Thirty- sixth Congress; was appointed by President Lincoln postmaster at Detroit; was tendered the Chinese mission in 1869, but declined it. Howe, Albert R., was born at Brookfield, Mas sachusetts, January 2, 1840; received a liberal edu cation; enlisted as a private in the Forty-seventh Massachusetts Infantry, in which he was succes sively sergeant, second and first lieutenant, and act ing adjutant, participating in the campaign in North Carolina under General A. G. Foster; upon the ex piration of the nine-months service of the regiment, he was commissioned second lieutenant in the Fifth Massachusetts Cavalry, in which he was subsequently promoted to be first lieutenant, captain, and major, serving in Virginia and Texas until November 30, 1865; settled in Como, Panola County, Mississippi, on a cotton-plantation, in December, 1865; was a member of the Mississippi State Constitutional Con vention in 1868; was a delegate to the Chicago Na tional Republican Convention in 1868; was appointed treasurer of Panola County in 1869 ; was a member of the State legislature of Mississippi in 1870, 1871, and 1872; and was elected a representative from Mississippi in the Forty-third Congress as a Repub lican, receiving 14,831 votes against 8,216 votes for W. A. Alcorn, Democrat, serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1875. Howe, John W., was born in New Hampshire; removed to Pennsylvania, locating at Franklin ; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-first Congress as a Free-soil Whig, receiving 7,509 votes against 7,166 votes for S. E. "McFarland, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Thirty-second Congress, receiving 6,284 votes against 5,882 votes for Shattuck, Democrat, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1853. Howe, Thomas M., was born in Vermont; re ceived a public-school education ; removed to Pitts- burg, Pennsylvania; was for many years cashier, then president, of the Pittsburg Exchange Bank; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-second Congress as a Whig, receiving 5,406 votes against 4,247 votes for Salisbury, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Thirty-third Congress, re ceiving 4,620 votes against 3,817 votes for Gibson, Democrat, serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1855. Howe, Thomas Y., jun., was born at Auburn, New York; received a thorough English education; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-second Congress as a Democrat, receiving 7,037 votes against 7,011 votes for Morgan, Whig, serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1853. Howe, Timothy O., was born, at Liverinore, STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 457 Maine, February 24, 1816; received an academic edu cation; studied law, and was admitted to the bar; was a member of the legislature of the State of Maine in 1845, in the latter part of which year he removed to Wisconsin; was elected a judge of the Circuit and Supreme Courts of Wisconsin in 1850, and held the office until he resigned in 1855; was elected United-States senator from Wisconsin as a Union Republican (to succeed Charles Durkee), and took his seat in 1801; was re-elected in 1807, and again re-elected in 1873; has served from March 3, 1801. Howell, David, was born in New Jersey Janu ary 1, 1747; received a classical education, graduating at New- Jersey College in 1700; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Providence, Rhode Island; was a delegate from Rhode Island to the Continental Congress 1782-1785 ; was attorney-general of Rhode Island in 1789; was professor of law in Brown University 1790-1824 ; was judge of the United-States District Court for Rhode Island 1812-1824; and died at Providence, Rhode Island, July 29, 1820. Howell, Edward, was born in the State of New York; received a public-school education; resided at Bath ; was a member of the New- York House of Representatives in 1832; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-third Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1835. Howell, Elias, was born in New Jersey; re ceived a public-school education; removed to Ohio, and located at Newark; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Twenty-fourth Congress as a Whig, receiving 2,440 votes against 2,000 votes for his oppo nent, serving from December 7, 1835, to March 3, 1837 ; died of apoplexy at his residence, near New ark, in Licking County, May, 1844. Howell, James B., was born in New Jersey July 4, 1810; removed to Newark, Licking County, Ohio, in 1819; graduated at Miami University, Ohio, in 1837; studied law with Hocking H. Hunter of Lancaster, and was admitted to the bar in 1839; moved to Iowa in 1841, and settled at Keosauqua, where he practised law for several years ; in 1845 he purchased the Whig paper, and has ever since been engaged in the newspaper business, removing to Keokuk in 1849, where in 1854 he started "The Daily Whig," afterwards changing the name to " The Daily Gate City ; " he took a prominent part in organizing the Republican party in Iowa in 1855; was a delegate to the Fremont Convention in 1850, and has since taken an active and leading part in the politics of Iowa; was elected a United-States senator from Iowa as a Republican (to fill the vacancy occa sioned by the resignation of James W. Grimes), and served from January 20, 1870, to March 3, 1871. Howell, Jeremiah B., was born in Rhode Is land in 1772; received a classical education, gradu ating at Brown University in 1789; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Providence ; was elected a United-States senator from Rhode Island, serving from November 4, 1811, to March 3, 1817; and died at Providence, Rhode Island, in 1822. Howell, Nathaniel, was born in the State of New York; received a classical education, graduating at Princeton College in 1788; was elected a repre sentative from New York in the Thirteenth Congress, serving from May 24, 1813, to March 2, 1815; died at Canandaigua, New York, October 10, 1821. Howland, Benjamin, was born at Tiverton, Rhode Island, in 1750; received a public-school edu cation; held several local offices; was a member of th e State General Assembly; was elected a United- States senator from Rhode Island as a Democrat (to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Samuel J. Potter), and took his seat December 3, 1804, serving until March 3, 1807; and died at Tiverton, Rhode Island, May 9,1821. Howley, Richard, was born in Liberty County, Georgia; received a liberal education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised ; was a mem ber of the State House of Representatives ; was gov ernor of Georgia 1780; narrowly escaped capture when the British troops occupied the sea-coast coun ties of Georgia; was a delegate from Georgia to the Continental Congress 1780-1781. Hubard, Edmund W., was born in Virginia; resided at Curdsville; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Twenty-seventh Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty-eighth Con gress, defeating Toher, Whig; and was re-elected to the Twenty-ninth Congress, serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1847. Hubbard, Asahel W., was born at Haddam, Connecticut, January 19, 1818; received a public- school education; went to Indiana, where he taught school ; studied law, and commenced practice ; was a member of the legislature of Indiana in 1847, 1848, and 1849 ; in 1857 he removed to Iowa, where he was elected judge of the Fourth Judicial District; was elected a representative from Iowa in the Thirty- eighth Congress as a Republican, receiving 5.380 votes against 2,755 votes for Duncombe, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiving 8,439 votes against 3,108 votes for L. Chapman, Dem ocrat; and was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress as a Republican, receiving 10,030 votes against 3,958 votes for Thompson, Democrat, serving from Decem ber 7, 1803, to March 3, 1809. Hubbard, Chester D., was born at Hamden, Connecticut, November 25, 1814; went with his par ents to Pennsylvania in 1815, and thence to Virginia in 1819 ; graduated at the Wesleyan University, Con necticut, in 1840; engaged in the lumber business and in banking; was a member of the State legisla ture of Virginia in 1852 and 1853 ; was a member of the Virginia (Richmond) Convention in 1801, and of the West Virginia (Wheeling) Convention a few months afterwards; was a member of the State Sen ate of West Virginia in 1803 and 1804; was elected a representative from West Virginia in the Thirty- ninth Congress as a Republican, receiving but little opposition; and was re-elected to the Fortieth Con gress, receiving 10,001 votes against 8,239 votes for Johnson, Democrat, serving from December 4, 1805, to March 3, 1809. Hubbard, David, was born in Virginia; re ceived an academic education; removed at an early age to Alabama ; studied and practised law; was so licitor of his judicial district; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1831, 1842, 1843, 1845, and 1853, and of the State Senate in 1830; was elected a representative from Alabama in the Twen ty-sixth Congress as a State-rights Democrat, receiv ing 1,527 majority over David G. Ligas, Whig, and serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1841 ; was a presidential elector on the Polk and Dallas ticket in 1845; was an unsuccessful candidate for Congress in 1849; was elected a representative from Alabama in the Thirty-first Congress aft a State-rights Demo crat, receiving 4,575 votes against 3,085 votes for John Wood, Whig; was a presidential elector on the Breckinridge and Lane ticket in 1800; and removed after the war to Nashville, Tennessee. Hubbard, Demas, jun., was born at Winfield, New York, January 17, 1800 ; received an academic education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Smyrna; held several local offices; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1838-1840 ; was elected a representa tive from New York in the Thirty-ninth Congress as a Republican, receiving 17,007 votes against 14,078 votes for Hezekiah Sturges, Democrat, serving from December 4, 1805, to March 3, 1807 ; died at Smyrna, New York, September 2, 1873. Hubbard, Henry, was born at Charlestown, New Hampshire, May 3, 1784; received a classical education, graduating at Dartmouth College in 1803; studied law under Jeremiah Mason ; was admitted to 458 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. the bar, and commenced practice at Charlestown in 1806; was a representative in the State legislature in 1812-1815, 1819-1820, 1823-1827, serving the last three years as speaker; was State solicitor for Cheshire County 1823-1828 ; was judge of probate 1827-1829; was elected a representative from New Hampshire in the Twenty-first Congress as a Democrat, and was re-elected to the Twenty-second and Twenty-third Congresses, serving from December 7, 1829, until March 3, 1835, and as speaker pro tempore May 16, 1834; was elected to the United-States Senate as a Democrat, and served from March 4, 1835, until March 3, 1841; was governor of New Hampshire 1841-1843; was United-States sub-treasurer at Boston 1846-1849; and died at Charlestown, New Hamp shire, June 5. 1857. Hubbard, John H., was born at Salisbury, Connecticut, in 1805; received a public-school educa tion; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1826, and commenced practice at Litchfield ; was county- attorney for five successive years, and was twice elected a member of the State Senate ; was elected a representative from Connecticut in the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Eepublican, receiving 11,248 votes against 10,892 votes for Woodruff, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiv ing 11,747 votes against 9,112 votes for Taylor, Dem ocrat, serving from December 7, 1863, to March 3, 1867. Hubbard, Jonathan H., was born at Windsor, Vermont, in 1768; received a liberal education; stud ied law, and was admitted to practice; was elected a representative from Vermont in the Eleventh Con gress, serving from May 22, 1809, to March 3, 1811; was judge of the State Supreme Court 1813-1845; and died at Windsor 2 Vermont, September 20, 1849. Hubbard, Levi, was born in Massachusetts; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1804-1805; was a State senator 1806-1811; was elect ed a representative from Massachusetts in the Thir teenth Congress as a Democrat, serving from May 24, 1813, to March 2, 1815 ; was again a State senator in 1816; was for some years county-treasurer; was a member of the Executive Council in 1829. Hubbard, Richard D., was born at Berlin, Connecticut, September 7, 1818; graduated at Yale College; studied and practised law; was elected a representative from Connecticut in the Fortieth Con gress as a Democrat, receiving 11,994 votes against 11,447 votes for Deming, Republican, serving" from March 4, 1867, to March 3, 1869. Hubbard, Samuel Dickinson, was born at Middletown, Connecticut, August 10, 1799; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1819; studied law, but did not practise, devoting himself to manufactures; was elected a representa tive f rom Connecticut in the Twenty-ninth Congress as a Whig, receiving 7,266 votes against 5,814 votes for Stewart, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Thirtieth Congress, receiving 7,325 votes against 6,669 votes for Irigham, Democrat, and 416 votes Abolition and scattering, serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1849; was postmaster-general of the United-States August 31, 1852-March 7, 1853; retired to private life, and died at Middletown, Connecticut, October 8, 1855. Hubbard, Thomas H., was born at New Ha ven, Connecticut, in 1780 ; received a classical educa tion, graduating at Yale College in 1798; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Hamilton, New York; Avas surrogate of Madison County March 26, 1806-February 26, 1816; was a presidential elector on the Madison and Gerry ticket in 1812; was elected a representative from New York in the Fifteenth Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 1, 1817, to March 3, 1819; was again elected to the Seventeenth Congress, serving from December 3, 1821, to March 3, 1823; removed to Utica, New York; was a presidential elector on the Polk and Dallas ticket in 1844, and on the Pierce and King ticket in 1852; and died at Utica, New York, Mav 22, 1857. Hubbell, Edwin N., was born at Coxsackie, New York, August 13, 1815; received an academical education; engaged in agricultural and mechanical pursuits; was for several years supervisor of Greene County ; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-ninth Congress as a Democrat, receiv ing 11,373 votes against 10,028 votes for Theodore B. Gates, Republican, serving from December 4, 1865, to March 3, 1867. Hubbell, James R., was born in Delaware County, Ohio, in 1824; received a public-school edu cation ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and practised; was for four successive years a member of the State House of Representatives, serving two years as speaker; was a presidential elector on the Fremont and Dayton ticket in 1856; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirty-ninth Con gress as a Republican, receiving 10,903 votes against 8,983 votes for William Johnston, Democrat, serving from December 4, 1865, to March 3, 1867. Hubbell, Jay A., was born at Avon, Michigan, September 15, 1829 ; graduated at the University cf Michigan in 1853; was admitted to the practice of law in 1855; removed to Ontonagon, Michigan, in November, 1855 ; was elected district-attorney of the Upper Peninsula in 1857, and again in 1859 ; removed to Houghton, Michigan, in February, 1860; was elect ed prosecuting-attorney of Houghton County in 1861, in 1863, and in 1865; was engaged in the practice of law until 1870, and has been identified with the de velopment of the mineral interests of the Upper Peninsiila; was elected a representative from Michi gan in the Forty-third Congress as a Republican, re ceiving 11,951 votes against 5,546 votes for S. P. Ely, Liberal Republican and Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Congress as a Republican, receiving 12,877 votes against 3,460 votes for H. D. Noble, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Con gress, receiving 18,224 votes against 12,656 votes for John H. Kilbourne, Democrat, serving from Decem ber 1, 1873. Hubbell, "William S., was born in Steuben County, New York; received a public-school educa tion; was a member of the State House of Represen tatives in 1841; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Dem ocrat, receiving 7,692 votes against 6,847 votes for Sherman, Whig, and 288 votes for Pitts, Abolition ist, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1845. Hubley, Edward B., was born at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; received a public-school education; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-fourth Congress as a Jackson Democrat, and was re-elected to the Twenty-fifth Congress, serving from December 7, 1835, to March 3, 1839; and died at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, February 23, 1850. Hudson, Charles, was born at Maryborough, Massachusetts, November 14, 1795 ; was reared on a farm; received a public-school education; studied theology, and was licensed as a Universalist preacher in 1819 ; was a member of the State House of Repre sentatives 1828-1833, and of the State Senate 1833- 1839; was a member of the Executive Council 1839- 1841 ; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Twenty-seventh Congress as a Whig, receiving 800 majority; was re-elected to the Twenty-eighth and Twenty-ninth Congresses, and was re-elected to the Thirtieth Congress, receiving 6,068 votes against 4,107 votes for Bryant, Democrat, and 1,884 votes Abolition and scattering, serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1849; was defeated as the Whig candi date for the Thirty-first Congress by Charles Allen, Free-Soiler ; was naval officer of the port of Boston 1849-1853; edited "The Boston Daily Atlas:" was assessor of internal revenue 1864-1868; presided at the centennial celebration of the battle of Lexington 1876. He has published "History of Westminster" STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 459 1832, "History of Marlborough " 1862, "History of Lexington" 1868, and a number of historical pam phlets and essays. Hufty, Jacob, was a native of New Jersey, and was elected a representative from that State in the Eleventh Congress as a Democrat on a general ticket, receiving 18,705 votes against 14,702 votes for the Federal candidate; was re-elected to the Twelfth and Thirteenth Congresses, serving from May 22, 1809, to May 20, 1814, when he died at Salem, New Jersey. Huger, Benjamin, was born near Charleston, South Carolina; received an academical education; was elected a representative from Soxith Carolina in the Sixth, Seventh, and Eighth Congresses, serving from December 2, 1799, to March 3, 1805 ; was again elected to the Fourteenth Congress, serving from De cember 4, 1815, to March 3, 1817. Huger, Daniel, was born at Limerick Planta tion, South Carolina, and was one of five brothers distinguished in the struggle for independence; he was a delegate from South Carolina to the Continen tal Congress 1786-1788 ; was elected a representative from South Carolina in the First Congress ; and was re-elected to the Second Congress, serving from March 4, 1789, to March 2, 1793. Huger, Daniel Elliot, was born in South Caro lina; received a classical education, graduating at Princeton College in 1798; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Charleston ; was a member of the State House of Representatives and of the State Senate ; was elected a United-States senator from South Carolina as a State-rights Demo crat (in place of John C. Calhoun, resigned), serving from December 7, 1843, to 1845, when he resigned; was a judge of the Superior Court; and died at Charleston, South Carolina, August 18, 1854. Hughes, Charles, was born in Georgia; received a public-school education; removed to the State of New York, and located at Sandy Hill ; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 9,988 votes against 9,693 votes for Northrup, Whig, serving from Decem ber 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855; was provost-marshal for the Sixteenth Congressional District in 1862. Hughes, George W\, was born in New York in 1806; was educated at the West-Point Military Academy, graduating in 1827 ; left the military service, and was a civil engineer at New- York City ; was re- appointed to the army as an officer of topographical engineers in 1838; served in the Mexican war, re ceiving two brevets; resigned his commission in 1851, and was made president of the Northern Central Railroad; was elected a representative from Mary land in the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 6,302 votes against 5,354 votes for Haguer, Republican, serving from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 1861 ; died at West River, Maryland, in 1870. Hughes, James, was born at Hampstead, Mary land, November 24, 1823; received a classical educa tion, graduating at the State University of Indiana; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1842, and commenced practice at Bloomington, Indiana; served in the Mexican war in the Sixteenth Regiment Unit ed-States Infantry; was circuit-judge 1852-1857; was professor of law at the University of Indiana 1853- 1856 ; was elected a representative from Indiana in the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 10,629 votes against 9,113 votes for Hendricks, Re publican, serving from December 7, 1857, to March 3, 1859; was a judge of the Court of Claims 1861-1865; was appointed a cotton-agent of the Treasury Depart ment 18615-1368; located at Washington City as a le gal practitioner. Hughes, James M., was born in. Kentucky; removed to Missouri, and located at Liberty; was elected a representative from Missouri in the Twenty- eighth Congress as a Democrat, serving from Decem ber 4, 1843, to March 3, 1845. Hughes, Thomas H., was born in New Jersey; received a public-school education; resided at Cold Spring ; was elected a representative from New Jer sey in the Twenty-first and Twenty-second Con gresses, serving from December 7, 1829, to March 2. 1833. Hughston, Jonas A., was born in New York; received an academical education ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Delhi; was district-attorney of Delaware County 1842-1845; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-fourth Congress as a Whig, re ceiving 6,744 votes against 6,444 votes for Palmer, Democrat, and 1,339 votes for Hawes, Free-Soiler, serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1857 ; was appointed by Secretary Seward marshal of the Consu lar Court at Shanghai, China, and died there in 1862. Hugunia, Daniel, jun., was born in Mont gomery County, New York, in 1791 ; received a lib eral education; served in the war of 1812; was elect ed a representative from New York in the Nineteenth Congress, serving from December 5, 1825, to March 3, 1827 ; was appointed by President Harrison United- States marshal for the Territory of Wyoming; and died at Kenosha, Wisconsin, June 21, 1850. Hulbert, John W., was born in Massachusetts; received an academical education ; was elected a rep resentative from Massachusetts in the Thirteenth Congress (in place of Daniel Dewey, resigned) as a Federalist; and was re-elected to "the Fourteenth Congress, serving from September 26, 1814, to March 3, 1817. Hulburd, Calvin T., was born at Stockholm, New York, June 5, 1809; graduated at Middfebury College, Vermont; was a student at the Yale-College Law School ; was engaged in mercantile and agricul tural pursuits ; was a member of the State legislature of New York in 1842, 1843, 1844, and 1862 ; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Republican, receiving 12,015 votes against 5,867 votes for Judson, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiving 13,183 votes against 5,659 votes for William J. Averill, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress as a Republican, receiving 13,449 votes against 5,116 votes for Lawrence, Democrat, serving from December 7, 1863, to March 3, 1869. Humphrey, Charles, was born in Orange County, New York, in 1791 ; received a public-school education; resided at Ithaca, Tompkins County; was elected a representative from New York in the Nineteenth Congress, serving from December 5, 1825, to March 3, 1827 ; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1834-1836 and 1842, serving as speaker January 6, 1835-May 26, 1836; died at Albany, New York, July 18, 1850. Humphrey, Charles, was born at Haverford, Pennsylvania, in 1811 ; received a public-school educa tion ; became a miller, and dealer in breadstuffs ; was actively engaged in pre-Revolutionary measures; was a member of the Provincial Congress 1764-1774; was a delegate from Pennsylvania to the Continental Congress 1774-1776; died at Haverford, Pennsyl vania, March 11, 1786. Humphrey, Herman L., was born at Candor, New York, March 14, 1830; received a public-school education, with the addition of one year in Cort- land Academy; became a merchant s clerk at the age of sixteen in Ithaca, New York, and remained there for several years; studied law in the office of Walbridge & Finch; was admitted to the bar in July, 1854, and removed to Hudson, Wisconsin, where he commenced practice in January, 1855 ; was soon after appointed district-attorney of St. Croix County to fill a vacancy; was appointed by the governor county-judge of St. Croix County to fill a vacancy; in the fall of 1860, and in the spring of 1861, was elected for the full term of four years from the following January; was elected to the State Senate for two years, and in February, 1862, resigned the office of county-judge; was elected 460 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. mayor of Hudson for one year; was elected in the spring of 1866 judge of the Eighth Judicial Circuit, and was re-elected in 1872, serving from January, 1807, until March, 1877; was elected a representa tive from Wisconsin in the Forty-fifth Congress as a Eepublican, receiving 20,702 votes against 13,220 votes for Milton R. Gage, Democrat, serving from October 15, 1877. Humphrey, James, was born at Fail-field, Connecticut, October 9, 1811; received a classical education, graduating at Amherst College (of which his father was president) in 1831; taught school; studied law; was admitted to the bar; commenced practice at Louisville, Kentucky, in 1837, and, after remaining there one year, removed to New-York City ; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Republican, re ceiving 6,475 votes against 4,578 votes for Taylor, Democrat, 5,581 votes for Litchfield, Independent Democrat, and 974 votes for Humphrey, American, and serving from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 1801; was again elected to the Thirty-ninth Con gress, receiving 11,752 votes against 11,108 votes for Favon, Democrat, serving from December 4, 1865, to June 16, 1800, when he died at Brooklyn, New York. Humphrey, James M., was born at Holland, New York, September 21, 1819; received a public- school education; studied and practised law; was district-attorney for Erie County in 1857, 1858, and 1859; -was a member of the State Senate of New York in 1803, 1804, and 1865; was elected a repre sentative from New York in the Thirty-ninth Con gress Us a Democrat, receiving 13,231 votes against 12,861 votes for Samuel J. Holley, Republican ; and was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, receiving 13,402 votes against 12,C85 votes for Clapp, Repub lican, serving from December 4, 1865, to March 3, 1869. Humphrey, Reuben, was born in the State of New York; received an academic education; resided at Marcenus, Onondaga County; was a member of the State Senate 1811-1814; was elected a representa tive from New York in the Tenth Congress, serving from October 26, 1807, to March 3, 1809. Humphreys, Perry W., was elected a repre sentative from Tennessee in the Thirteenth Congress as a Democrat, serving from May 24, 1813, to March 2, 1815; removed to Hernando, Mississippi, and died there March 1, 1839. Hungerford, John M., was born at Vernon, New York, December 31, 1825 ; graduated at Hamil ton College in 1840; engaged in the business of banking in 1848 at Corning ; was a delegate to the National Republican Convention at Philadelphia in 1872 which nominated Grant and Wilson; was elected a representative from New York in the Forty-fifth Congress as a Republican, receiving 21,087 votes against 17,973 votes for Edwin D. Loveridge, Democrat, serving from October 15, 1877. Hungerford, John P., was born in 1709; re ceived an academic education; served in the Revolu tionary war ; was elected a representative from Vir ginia in the Twelfth Congress as a Democrat, serving from Noyember 4, 1811, to December 2, 1811 (his elec tion having been successfully contested by John Taliaferro, who obtained possession of the seat); was again elected to the Thirteenth Congress (John Taliaferro again contesting his election, but this time unsuccessfully); and was re-elected to the Fourteenth Congress, sen-ing from May 24, 1813, to March 3, 1817; served in the war of 1812 as brigadier- general of militia, and was active in the defence of the Virginia bank of the Potomac; and died in Westmoreland County, Virginia, December 21, 1833. Hungerford, Orville, was born in Connecticut in 1790; received a public-school education; removed to Watcrtown, New York ; held several local offices ; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 5,579 votes against 4,810 votes for Merrick, Whig, and 275 votes for Keyes, Abolitionist; and was re- elected to the Twenty-ninth Congress, receiving 6,304 votes against 5,587 votes for Bradley, Whig, and 717 votes for Porter, American, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1847; and died at Watertown, New York, April 6, 1855. Hunt, Hiram P., was born in New York; re ceived a public-school education; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-foiirth Congress as a Whig, serving from December 7, 1835, to March 3, 1837; was defeated as the Whig candi date for the Twenty-fifth Congress by Henry Vail ; was again elected to the Twenty-sixth Congress, and was re-elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress, serv ing from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1843 ; pub lished a circular-letter in 1842 declining a re-election ; died at Troy, New York. Hunt, James B., was born in New York in 1799; received an academical education ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at New- York City; removed to Michigan in 1836, and located at Pontiac; was elected a representative from Michigan in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Demo crat, and was re-elected to the Twenty-ninth Con gress, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1847; died at Washington August 15, 1857. Hunt, Jonathan, was born in the State of Ver mont; received a classical education, graduating at Dartmouth College in 1807; studied law; was ad mitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Brattleborough ; was elected a representative from Vermont in the Twentieth Congress ; was re-elected to the Twenty-first and Twenty-second Congresses, serving from December 3, 1827, to May 14, 1832, when he died at Washington City. Hunt, Samuel, studied law, and was admitted to practice in 1790; settled in Alstead, New Hamp shire, and removed to Kcene; left the practice in 1795; was a member of the State legislature of New Hampshire ; was elected a representative from New Hampshire in the Seventh Congress (in place of Joseph Pierce, resigned) ; and was re-elected to the Eighth Congress, serving from December 6, 1802, to March 3, 1805 ; died in Ohio in 1807. Hunt, Theodore G-., was born in South Caro lina; received a public-school education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice at New Orleans ; was elected a representative from Louisiana in the Thirty-third Congress as a Whig, receiving 6,555 votes against 5,445 votes for Davis, Democrat, serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855. Hunt, "Washington, was born at Windham, Greene County, New York, August 5, 1811; received a public-school education ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar in 1834, and commenced practice at Lock- port; was appointed first judge of Niagara County in 1836; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Whig, receiving 4,072 votes against 4,347 votes for Piper, Democrat, and 220 votes for Hutchinson, Abolitionist ; was re- elected to the Twenty-ninth Congress, receiving 5,733 votes against 4,948 votes for Piper, Democrat, and 552 votes for Hutchinson, Abolitionist; and was re-elected to the Thirtieth Congress, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1849; was comptroller of the State of New York February 17, 1849-Dccem- ber 18, 1850 ; was elected governor of New York as a Whig, receiving 214,614 votes against 214,352 votes for Horatio Seymour, Democrat, serving 1850-1852 ; was defeated as the Whig candidate for governor in 1852 by Horatio Seymour and Minthome Tompkins ; retired to his farm near Lockport; was a delegate to the Chicago Convention of 1804 ; died at New- York City February 2, 1807. Hunter* John, was born in South Carolina; received an academical education; was engaged in agricultural pursuits; was elected a representative from South Carolina in the Third Congress, serving from December 2, 1793, to March 3, 1795; was elected STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 461 a United-States senator from South Carolina (in place of Pierce Butler, resigned), serving from Jan uary 27, 1797, to 1798, when he resigned. Hunter, John W., was born at Bedford. King s County, New York (now within the limits of the city of Brooklyn), October 15, 181)7; engaged in business pursuits; was a clerk in the New- York Custom House 1831-1836, and v-is assistant auditor 1830-1805; was secretary of a baiiuing institution at Brooklyn in 1805; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-ninth Congress (in place of James Hum phrey, deceased), serving from December 4, 1800, to March 3, 1807. Hunter, Morton C., was born at Versailles, Indiana, February 5, 1825 ; was educated at the Indi ana State University, from the law department of which he was graduated in 1849; was elected a mem ber of the House of Representatives of Indiana from Monroe County in 1858 ; was colonel of the Eighty- second Regiment of Indiana Volunteer Infantry, and commanded it until the fall of Atlanta; was bre vetted brigadier-general for "gallant and meritorious ser vice ; commanded the First Brigade, Third Division, Fourteenth Army Corps, from the fall of Atlanta until the close of the war; was in Sherman s " march to the sea," and participated in the great review at Washington after the termination of hostilities; was elected a representative from Indiana in the Forti eth Congress as a Republican, receiving 13,848 votes against 13, 158 votes for Harrington, Democrat, serv ing from March 4, 1807, to March 3, 1809; was again elected to the Forty-third Congress as a Republican, receiving 18,792 rotes against 18,135 votes for D. W. Voorhees, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty- fourth Congress, receiving 14,095 votes against 13,708 votes for Rice, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 14,205 votes against 13,105 votes for McLean, Democrat, and 4,704 votes for Davis, Greenback, serving from December 1, 1873. Hunter, Naisworthy, was elected a delegate from Mississippi Territory in the Seventh Congress, serving from December 7, 1801, to March 11, 1802, when he died. Hunter, Robert M. T., was born in Essex County, Virginia, April 21, 1809; received a classical education, graduating at the University of Virginia; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1830, and commenced practice; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty-sixth Con gress, receiving 1,203 votes against 1,109 votes for Scott, Whig, and served as speaker; was re-elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress, serving from Sep tember 4, 1837, to March 3, 1843 ; was defeated as the Democratic candidate to the Twenty-eighth Con gress, receiving 1,079 votes against 1,249 votes for Newton, Whig; was again elected to the Twenty-ninth Congress, serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1847; was elected a United-States senator from Virginia, serving from December 0, 1847, until he withdrew from the Senate on the secession of Vir ginia, and was afterward expelled in July, 1801 ; was a delegate from Virginia to the Provisional Congress which assembled at Richmond in July, 1801 ; was a Confederate-States senator from Virginia in the First Confederate Congress; was Confederate secretary of state; was arrested after the war, and pardoned in 1807; was elected State treasurer of Virginia in 1877. Hunter, William, was born at Newport, Rhode Island, November 23, 1775; received a classical edu cation, graduating at Brown University in 1791; went to London, where he studied medicine, and afterwards the law; returned to Newport, and was admitted to the bar 1796 ; was several times a mem ber of the State House of Representatives; was elected a United-States senator from Rhode Island (in place of Christopher G. Champlin, resigned), and was re-elected, serving from November 25, 1811, to March 3, 1821 ; was commissioned charge d affaires to Brazil June 28, 1834, and minister plenipotentiary September 13, 1841, serving until December 9, 1843; returned to Newport, Rhode Island, and resided there until his death December 3, 1849. Hunter, William, was born in Vermont ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1807 and 1809; was a State councillor in 1809, 1814, and 1815 ; was elected a representative from Vermont in the Fifteenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1817, to March 3, 1819. Hunter, William P., was born at Alexandria, Virginia, December 10, 1808; received a public-school education; learned the cabinet-maker s trade; stud ied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Woodsfield, Ohio; held several local offices ; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirty-first Congress as a Whig, receiving 6,711 votes against 6,338 votes for Kennon, Democrat ; and was re-elected to the Thirty-second Congress, receiving 5,751 votes against 5,500 votes for Jewett, Democrat, and 1,120 votes for Root, Free-Soil er, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1853. Hunter, William H., resided at Sandusky, Ohio ; was elected a representative from that State in the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Van Buren Democrat, serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1839. Huntington, Abel, was born at Norwich, Con necticut, in 1770; received a classical education; studied medicine, and removed to East Hampton, Long Island, where he was for sixty years a prac tising physician ; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-third Congress as a Demo crat, and was re-elected to the Twenty-fourth Con gress, serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1837; was collector of customs at Sag Harbor 1845- 1849; died at East Hampton May 18, 1858. Huntington, Benjamin, was born at Norwich, Connecticut, April 19, 1730; received a classical edu cation, graduating at Yale College in 1701; stud ied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Norwich; was a delegate from Connecti cut in the Continental Congress 1780-1784 and 1787- 1788; was elected a representative from Connecticut in the First Congress, serving from March 4, 1789, to March 3, 1791 ; was a member of the State Sen ate 1781-1791 and 1791-1793; was judge of the State Superior Court 1793-1798; was mayor of Norwich 1784-1796; died at Norwich, Connecticut, October 10, 1800. Huntington, Ebenezer, was born at Norwich, Connecticut, December 20, 1754; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1775; left college to join the Revolutionary army, and served throughout the war; was selected for appointment as brigadier-general by Washington when a war with France seemed imminent in 1799; was elected a rep resentative from Connecticut in the Eleventh Con gress (in place of Samuel W. Dana, elected senator), serving from Decembers, 1810, to March 3, 1811 ; was again elected to the Fifteenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1817, to March 3, 1819; and died at Norwich, Connecticut, June 17, 1834. Huntington, Jabez Williams, was bom at Norwich, Connecticut, Novembers, 1788; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1800; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Litchfield ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1829; was elected a representative from Connecticut in the Twenty-first, Twenty-second, and Twenty-third Con gresses, serving from December 7, 1829, to 1834, when he resigned, having been appointed judge of the State Supreme Court of Errors; removed to Nor wich ; was elected a United-States senator from Con necticut as a Whig (in place of Thaddeus Betts, de ceased), serving from June 2, 1840, to November 1, 1847, when he died at Norwich, Connecticut. Huntington, Samuel, was born at Windham, Connecticut, July 3, 1732; received a public-school education; worked at the cooper s trade; studied 462 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. law; was admitted to the bar in 1758, and commenced practice at Norwich; was a member of the Colonial Assembly in 1764; was appointed Crown s attorney in 1765; was a member of the Executive Council in 1763; was a delegate from Connecticut to the Conti nental Congress January 16, 1766-November 4, 1783, serving as president September 28, 1779-Jtily 0, 1781 ; was judge of the State Superior Court 1774-1784, and chief justice 1784; was lieutenant-governor 1785; was governor of Connecticut 1786-1796 ; died at Nor wich. Connecticut, January 5, 1796. Hunton, Eppa, was born in Fauquier County, Virginia, September 23, 1823; his early education was limited; studied and practised law; was Com monwealth attorney for the county of Prince William from 1849 up to 1862; was elected to the State Con vention of Virginia which assembled at Richmond in February, 1861 ; served through its first session, and then entered the Confederate army as colonel of the Eighth Virginia Infantry; was promoted after the battle of Gettysburg, and served through the residue of the war as brigadier-general, succeeding Brigadier- General Garnett ; was captured at Sailor s Creek April 6, 1865, and was released from Fort Warren in July, 1865; was elected a representative from Vir ginia in the Forty-third Congress as a Democrat, re ceiving 11,782 votes against 9,178 votes forE. Daniels, Republican; was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Con gress as a Democrat, receiving 9,809 votes against 9,291 votes for Barbour, Republican; and was re- elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 16,660 votes against 10,175 votes for J. C. O Neal, Repub lican, serving from December 1, 1873. Huntsman, Adam, was born in Virginia; re moved to Tennessee, and settled at Jackson; was elected a representative from Tennessee in the Twen ty-fourth Congress as a Whig, receiving 300 majority over David Crockett, Whig, serving from December 7, 1835, to March 3, 1837 ; was defeated for re-election to the Twenty-fifth Congress by David Crockett. Hurd, Prank H., was born at Mount Vernon, Ohio, December 25, 1841 ; received a liberal education, graduating at Kenyon College in 1858; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and has since practised ; was county prosecuting-attorncy in 1863; was a member of the State Senate of Ohio in 1866 ; was appointed to codify the criminal laws of Ohio in 1868 ; and was elected a representative from Ohio in the Forty- fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 13, 108 votes against 11,271 votes for Pratt, Republican, serving from December 6, 1875, to March 3, 1877; was defeat ed as the Democratic candidate to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 15,361 votes against 17,276 votes for J. D. Cox, Republican. Hurlbut, Stephen A., was born at Charleston, South Carolina, November 29, 1815; was thoroughly and liberally educated ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1837 ; removed to Illinois, settling at Bel- videre ; was elected as a Whig to the Constitutional Convention of Illinois in 1847; was a presidential elector on the Whig ticket in 1848; was a member of the State legislature in 1859, 1861, and 1867; was presidential elector at large on the Republican ticket in 1868; was appointed brigadier-general of volun teers, dating from May 27, 1861; commanded the Fourth Division at Pittsburg Landing in 1862 ; was promoted major-general in September, 1862; was as signed to the command of the Sixteenth Army Corps at Memphis, and to the command of the Department of the Gulf in 1864-1865; was honorably mustered out in July, 1865; was minister resident to the Unit ed States of Colombia from 1869 to 1872 ; was elected a representative from Illinois in the Forty-third Con gress as a Republican, receiving 15,532 votes against 5,134 votes for S. E. Bronson, Liberal and Democrat; and was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Congress as a Republican, receiving 8,776 votes against 7,503 votes for John F. Farnsworth, Opposition, serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1877. Hutchins, John, waa born at Vienna, Ohio, July 25, 1812; received a classical education, and studied one year at the Western-Reserve College; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1837, and commenced practice; was clerk of the Court of Com mon Pleas for Trumbull County 1838-1843; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1849; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirty- sixth Congress as a Republican, receiving 8,321 votes against 4,541 votes for D. Tod, Democrat, and 388 votes scattering: and was re-elected to the Thirty- seventh Congress, receiving 10,840 votes against 4,222 votes for Wilson, Democrat, serving from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 1863. Hutchins, \Vells A., was born at Hartford, Ohio, October 8, 1818 ; received a public-school edu cation ; taught school ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar in 1841, and commenced practice; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1851 ; was appointed one of the six United-States provost-marshals for Ohio in 1862; was elected a rep resentative from Ohio in the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 8,605 votes against 6,702 votes for Bundy, Republican, serving from December 7, 1863, to March 3, 1865. Hutson, Richard, was born in South Carolina; received a classical education, graduating at Prince ton College in 1865 ; was a delegate from South Caro lina to the Continental Congress 1778-1779. Huyler, John, was born in New- York City June 16, 1809; received a public-school education; removed to Hackensack, New Jersey, in 1846, and en gaged in the lumber business; was soon afterwards elected to the board of supervisors of Bergen County, and became president of that body; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1850-1853, serving the last year as president; was judge of the Court of Appeals 1853-1856 ; was elected a represen tative from New Jersey in the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 9,165 votes against 5,876 votes for Osborne, Republican, and 2,355 votes for Inglis, American, serving from December 5, 1857, until March 3, 1859; was a candidate for re-election to the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Lecompton Demo crat, but was defeated, receiving 8,154 votes against 8,837 votes for H. R. Riggs, Republican; died in con sequence of an unprovoked assault which had been made upon him by a drunken man in the street at Hackensack, New Jersey, January, 1870. Hyde, Ira B., was born at Guilford, New York, January 18, 1838; worked on a farm in early life; received an academic education at Oberlin College, Ohio ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in the spring of 1861 at St. Paul, Minnesota; entered the Union army as a private in a Minnesota cavalry regiment in August, 1862; removed to Missouri in May, 1866, and engaged in the practice of law ; was appointed secretary and attorney of the C. and D. M. C. Railroad in 1868; was appointed prosecuting-attorney in February, 1872; and was elected a representative from Missouri in the Forty-third Congress as a Re publican, receiving 13,953 votes against 12,318 votes for C. H. Mansur, Democrat, serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1875. Hyman, John Adams, was born in Warren County, North Carolina, July 23, 1840, a slave ; he acquired the rudiments of an English education, al though he was sold and sent to Alabama when a lad because he was found studying a spelling-book; was emancipated in 1865; returned to North Carolina, and engaged in farming; was a trustee of the first public school in Warren County; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention of 1868; was a member of the State Senate 1868-1874; was elected a representative from North Carolina in the Forty- fourth Congress as a Republican, receiving 18,176 votes against 11,144 votes for G. II. Blount, Demo crat, and 1,091 votes for Garland H. White, Inde pendent Republican; and was appointed collector of internal revenue for the Second District of North Carolina in June, 1877. STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 463 Hyneman, John M., was born in Berks Coun ty, Pennsylvania ; received a thorough English edu cation ; was a member of the State House of Repre- sentatives 1809; was clerk of the Berks-county Orphans Court 1810-1816; was elected a representa tive from Pennsylvania in the Twelfth Congress, and was re-elected to the Thirteenth Congress, serving from November 4, 1811, to 1813, when he resigned; was county-surveyor of Berks County 1814-1824. Hynes, William J., was born in the county of Clare, Ireland, March 31, 1843; immigrated to the United States; landed in New York November 29, 1854; was educated in public and private schools in Ireland, and the common schools of Springfield, Massachusetts, until sixteen years of age, after that from private tuition and unassisted study; learned the art of printing in the office of the Springfield, (Massachusetts) "Republican," and has been printer, clerk, lecturer, and editor; was a student at the junior and senior courses of law-lectures in Columbia College in 1869-1870, and was admitted to the bar at Little Rock, Arkansas, in August, 1870 ; was elected a representative from Arkansas in the Forty-third Congress from the State at large as a Reform Repub lican by a majority of 12,437, serving from Decem ber 1, 1873, to March 3, 1875; removed to Chicago in 1873, a_nd practised his profession. Ihria, Peter, jun., was born in Pennsylvania; resided at Easton; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-first Congress as a Jack son Democrat, defeating George Wolf ; and was re- elected to the Twenty-second Congress, serving from December 7, 1829, to March 2, 1833. Ilsley. Daniel, was born at Falmouth, Massa chusetts (afterwards Maine), in 1740; received a thor ough English education ; engaged in mercantile pur suits, and became a distiller; was a delegate to the State Convention which adopted the Federal Consti tution; was a member of the State House of Repre sentatives ; was elected a representative from Massa chusetts in the Tenth Congress as a Democrat, serv ing from October 26, 1807, to March 3, 1809. Imlay, James H., was born in New Jersey; re ceived a classical education, graduating at Princeton College in 178G ; was a tutor in that institution; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Fifth Congress, and was re-elected to the Sixth Congress, serving from May 15, 1797, to March 3, 1801. Ingalls, John James, was born at Middleton. Massachusetts, December 29, 1833 ; was educated at Williams College, Williamstown, Massachusetts; studied law, and was admitted to. the bar in 1857; removed to Kansas in October, 1858; was a member of the Wyandot Constitutional Convention in 1859 ; was secretary of the Territorial Council in 1860; was secretary of the State Senate in 1861 ; was a member of the State Senate of Kansas from Atchison County in 1862; was editor of "The Atchison Champion" in 1863, 1864, and 1865 ; was defeated as " anti-Lane " candidate for lieutenant-governor in 1862, and again in 1864; has since been engaged in the practice of law; was elected United-States senator from Kansas as a Republican (to succeed S. C. Poraeroy, Repub lican), and took his seat March 4, 1873. His term of office will expire March 3, 1879. Inge, Samuel W., was born in North Carolina, and removed to Greene County, Alabama, when a lad ; received a public-school education ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Livingston County ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1844-1845; was elected a repre sentative from Alabama to the Thirtieth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 4,528 votes against 4,370 votes for W. M. Murphy, Whig; and was re-elected to the Thirty-first Congress as a Democrat, receiving 4.665 votes against 4,245 votes for J. G. Baldwin, Whig, serving from December 6, 1847, to March 3, 1851; while in Congress he fought a duel at Bladensburg with Honorable Edward Stanly of North Carolina, neither receiving serious injury ; resuming practice, he was appointed by President Pierce United-States attorney for the district of California; and died at San Francisco in 1867. Inge, William M., was born in Tennessee; was elected a representative from Tennessee in the Twenty-third Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1835; removed to Sumter County, Alabama, 1836, and resumed prac tice at Lexington in partnership with Robert H. Smith ; was a member of the State House of Repre sentatives in 1840, 1844, and 1845 ; and died at Lex ington, Alabama, of heart-disease, in 1846. Ingersoll, Charles J. (brother of Joseph R. Ingersoll), was born at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, October 3, 1782; received an academical education; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Philadelphia ; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirteenth Congress as a Democrat, serving from May 24, 1813, to March 2, 1815 ; was United-States district-attorney for Pennsylvania 1815-1829; was secretary of legation to Prussia 1837; was again elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress, receiving 1,203 majority; was re-elected to the Twenty-eighth Congress, receiving 3,316 votes against 2,664 votes for Conrad, Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-ninth Congress ; was re-elected to the Thirtieth Congress, serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1849; was appointed by President Polk minister to France in 1847, but was rejected by the Senate; died at Philadelphia May 14, 1862. Ingersoll, Colin M. (son of Ralph J. Ingersoll), was born in Connecticut in 1820; received an aca demical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at New Haven; was appointed by President Polk secretary of lega tion at St. Petersburg; was elected a representative from Connecticut in the Thirty-second Congress as a Democrat, receiving 7,331 votes against 6,786 votes for Babcock, Whig, and 530 votes for Booth, Free- Soiler; and was re-elected to the Thirty-third Con gress, serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1855. Ingersoll, Ebon C., was born in Oneida County, New York, December 12, 1831; was taken by his parents to Illinois in 1843 ; received a classical edu cation, which he completed at Paducah, Kentucky; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1854, and commenced practice; was elected a representative from Illinois in the Thirty-eighth Congress (in place of Owen Lovejoy, deceased) as a Republican; was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiving 18,152 votes against 11,282 votes for Eckels, Demo crat; was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, receiv ing 18,437 votes against 9,665 votes for Ramsey, Democrat ; and was re-elected to the Forty-first Con gress, receiving 20,991 votes against 13,686 votes for Niglas, Democrat, serving from May 20, 1864, to March 3, 1871; engaged in the practice of his pro fession at Washington City. Ingersoll, Jared (father of Joseph R. Ingersoll), was born in Connecticut in 1749 ; received a classi cal education, graduating at Yale College in 1766; studied law at the Middle Temple in London : was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Philadelphia ; was a delegate from Pennsylvania to the Continental Congress 1780-4781; was a repre sentative in the convention which framed the Fed eral Constitution in 1787; was twice attorney-general of Pennsylvania; was United-States district-attorney for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania; was de feated in 1812 as the Federal candidate for Vice- President of the United States; was presiding judge of the District Court of Philadelphia County; died at Philadelphia October 31, 1822. Ingersoll, Joseph Reed (son of Jared Inger soll), was born at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, June 14, 1786; received a classical education, graduating at Princeton College in 1804; studied law; was ad mitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Philadelphia; was elected a representative from 464 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. March 3, 1837; was again elected to the Twenty- seventh Congress (in place of John Sergeant, re signed), receiving 6,631 votes against 4,326 votes for a Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty-eighth Congress, receiving 5,414 votes against 3.153 votes for Neal, Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty- ninth and Thirtieth Congresses, serving from De cember 9, 1841, to March 3, 1849; declined a re election; was appointed by President Fillmore minister to Great Britain, serving August 21, 1852- August 23, 1853; died at Philadelphia February 20, 186S. He published a "Memoir of Samuel Breck" 1863, and a number of political pamphlets. Ingersoll, Ralph J. (father of Colin M. Inger- soll), was born at New Haven, Connecticut; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1808; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at New Haven; was for several years a member of the State House of Representatives; was elected a representative from Connecticut in the Nineteenth Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Twentieth, Twenty-first, and Twenty-second Congresses, serving from December 5, 1825, to March 2, 1833; was State attorney-general of Connecticut; was minister to Russia August 8, 1846-July 1, 1848; died at New Haven, Connecticut, August 27, 1872. Ingham, Samuel, was born at Hebron, Con necticut, September 5, 1793; received a public-school education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1815, and commenced practice at Saybrook in 1817 ; was State s attorney for Middlesex County 1827- 1835 ; was judge of probate for Middlesex County 1829-1833; was a judge of the Middlesex-county Court 1849-1853; was elected a representative from Connecticut in the Twenty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, and was re-elected to the Twenty-fifth Congress, serving from December 7, 1835, to March 3, 1839; was again State s attorney for Middlesex County 1843-1844; was a member for several years of the State House of Representatives, serving three years as speaker, and was for two years a State senator ; was defeated in 1854 as Democratic candi date for United-States senator by L. F. S. Foster, Republican; was United-States commissioner of customs December 5, 1857-May 14, 1861. Ingham, Samuel D., was born in Pennsyl vania September 16, 1779; received a public-school education; was for several years the manager of a paper-mill at Easton, New Jersey; was for three successive years a member of the State legislature of Pennsylvania; was prothonotary at Philadelphia; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirteenth Congress as a Jackson Democrat ; was re-elected to the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Con gresses, serving from May 24, 1813, to July 6, 1818, when he resigned ; was again elected a representa tive in the Seventeenth Congress (in place of Samuel Moore, resigned), and re-elected to the Eighteenth, Nineteenth, and Twentieth Congresses, serving from December 2, 1822, to March 3, 1829; was appointed by President Jackson secretary of the treasury, and served until he resigned (when the cabinet was broken up on account of the difficulty concerning Mrs. Eaton) August 8, 1831; died at Trenton, New Jersey, April 13, 1833. Iredell, James, was born in Chowan County, North Carolina, in 1788; received a classical educa tion, graduating at Princeton College in 1806; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and prac tised ; commanded a company of volunteers which marched to the relief of Norfolk, when threatened by the British, in 1812; was appointed a judge of the Superior Court of North Carolina in March, 1819, and resigned in the May following; was governor of North Carolina 1827, 1828; was elected to the United-States Senate (in place of Nathaniel Macon, resigned), serving from December 23, 1828, to March 3, 1831; removed to Raleigh, where he practised, and was reporter of the decisions of the Supreme Court ; and died at Edenton, North Caro lina, April 13, 1853. Irvin, Alexander, was born in Pennsylvania; resided at Clearfield; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirtieth Congress as a Whig, serving from December 6, 1847, to March 3, 1849. Irvin, James, was born in Pennsylvania; re sided at Milesburg; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-seventh Congress as a Whig; and was re-elected to the Twenty-eighth Congress, receiving 860 majority, serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1845. Irvin, ^filliam W\, received an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Lancaster, Ohio; held several local offices; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Twenty-first Congress as a Jackson Democrat, and was re-elected to the Twenty-second Congress, serving from December 7, 1829, to March 2, 1833 ; was defeated as a candidate for the Twenty- third Congress by John Chaney; was a judge of the State Supreme Court ; and died at Lancaster, Ohio, April 19, 1842. Irvine, "William, was born at Fermanagh, Ire land, November 3, 1741 ; received a classical educa tion, graduating at the Dublin University; studied medicine; was admitted to practice, and served as surgeon on a British man-of-war; immigrated to the United States, and located at Carlisle, Pennsylvania, 1763; was a delegate to the State Revolutionary con ventions 1764-1776; entered the Revolutionary army as colonel of the Sixth Pennsylvania Regiment, and commanded it in the expedition against Canada, where he was captured June 16, 1776, and remained a prisoner of war until exchanged May 6, 1778; was appointed brigadier-general May 12, 1779, and served until the close of the war; was a delegate frcm Pennsylvania in the Continental Congress 1786-1788; commanded the State troops in subduing the Whiskey Insurrection 1794; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Third Congress, serving from December 2, 1793, to March 3, 1795; removed to Philadelphia, where he was superintendent of mili tary stores; died at Philadelphia July 29, 1804. Irvine, William, resided at Corning, Steuben County; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Republican, receiving 9,382 votes against 6,568 votes for Bradley, Democrat, and 1,651 votes for Deniston, American, serving from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 1861. Irving, W^illiam, was born at New York Au gust 16, 1766; received a good English education; engaged in mercantile pursuits ; was engaged in the fur trade with the Indians on the Mohawk River 1787-1791; was a merchant in New- York City; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirteenth Congress (in place of Egbert Benson, resigned) as a Democrat, receiving a majority of 376 votes over Peter A. Jay, Federalist ; was re-elected to the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Congresses, serving from January 22, 1814, to 1818, when he resigned in consequence of declining health ; died at New- York City of a lingering illness November 9, 1821. He contributed several essays and poems to "Salma gundi," published by his brother, Washington Irving. Irwin, Jared, was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirteenth Congress as a Demo crat ; and was re-elected to the Fourteenth Congress, serving from May 24, 1813, to March 3, 1817. Irwin, Thomas, was born in Pennsylvania; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and com menced practice at Uniontown; was elected a rep resentative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-first Congress, serving from December 7, 1829, to March 3, 1831 ; was appointed by President Jackson United- States judge for the Western District of Pennsyl vania. STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 465 Irwin, William W., was born at Pittsburg, Pennsylvania ; received an academic education ; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-seventh Congress as a Whig, serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1843; was charge d affaires to Denmark March 3, 1843-June 12, 1847; died at Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, September 15, 1856. Isacks, Jacob C., was born in Montgomery County, Pennsylvania; removed to Winchester, Ten nessee ; was elected a representative from Tennessee in the Eighteenth Congress; was re-elected to the Nineteenth, Twentieth, Twenty-first, and Twenty- second Congresses, serving from December 1, 1823, to March 2, 1833; was defeated by 500 votes as a candidate for the Twenty-third Congress by John B. Forester. Ittner, Anthony, was born at Lebanon, Warren County, Ohio, October 8, 1837 ; received a common- school education; became a bricklayer and builder; served as a private in Company G of the National Guards, called into service during Price s raid in 1864; was elected a member of the City Council of St. Louis in April, 1867, and was re-elected in April, 1868 ; was elected a member of the Lower House of the General Assembly of Missouri in the fall of 1868, of the State Senate in 1870, and re-elected to the latter body in 1874; was elected a representative from Missouri in the Forty-fifth Congress as a Republican, receiving 7,043 votes against 6,834 votes for E. C. Kehr, Democrat, serving from October 15, 1877. Iverson, Alfred, was born in Burke County, Georgia, December 3, 1798; received a classical edu cation, graduating at Princeton College in 1820; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and com menced practice at Columbus ; was a member of the State House of Representatives for three years, and of the State Senate for one year; was judge of the State Supreme Court for seven years ; was a presi dential elector on the Polk and Dallas ticket in 1844 ; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Thirtieth Congress as a Democrat, serving from De cember f>, 1847, to March 3, 1849; was elected a United-States senator from Georgia, serving from December 3, 1855, to January 28, 1861, when he retired from the Senate ; was an ardent advocate of secession; served in the war of the Rebellion as colonel of a Georgia regiment, and was appointed brigadier-general in November, 1862 ; died at Macon, Georgia, March 5, 1874. Ives, Willard, was born at Watertown, New York, July 7, 1806; received a public-school educa tion; engaged in agricultural pursuits; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-second Congress as a Democrat, receiving 5,477 votes against 5",058 votes for Clarke, Whig, serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1853. Izard, Ralph, was born near Charleston, South Carolina, in 1742; received a classical education, graduating at Cambridge University, England; was elected by the Continental Congress commissioner to Tuscany May 7, 1777, and, as he did not get beyond Paris, was recalled June 8, 1779; pledged his large estate in South Carolina for the payment for ships of war; was a delegate from South Carolina to the Continental Congress 1781-1783 ; was elected a United-States senator from South Carolina, serving from March 4, 1789, to March 3, 1795; died near Charleston, South Carolina, May 30, 1804. Jack, W^illiam, was born in Pennsylvania; re sided at Brookville; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-seventh Congress as a Democrat, serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1843. Jacks, T. M., was elected a representative from the First District of Arkansas to the Thirty-eighth Congress in March, 1864, as a Unionist, receiving 2,985 votes against 15 votes cast for others; the House committee on elections reported in favor of giving him the seat February 17, 1865, but the House refused to take action on the resolution, voting him, on the 3d of March, 1865, $2,000 for compensation, expenses, and mileage. Jackson, Andrew, was born in the Waxhaw settlement, North Carolina, March 15, 1767; his edu cation was limited, and he was passionately fond of athletic sports; accompanying the militia of his neighborhood, he was captured by the British, and brutally struck by an officer whose boots he refused to clean ; left destitute by the death of his mother, he worked for a time in a saddler s shop, and after wards taught school; studied law at Salisbury, North Carolina, and was admitted to the bar before he was twenty years of age ; was appointed in 1788 solicitor of the Western District of North Carolina, embracing what is now the State of Tennessee; was a delegate to the convention which met in 1796 to frame a con stitution for the new State; was elected a repre sentative from Tennessee in the Fourth Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 5, 1786, until March 3, 1797; was elected a United-States senator, serving from November 22, 1797, until he resigned in April, 1798; was elected a judge of the State Supreme Court of Tennessee, serving 1798-1804; entered into mercantile pursuits, dealing in cotton, wheat, horses, and mules; served in the Creek war of 1813, and was commissioned major-general in the United-States army May 31, 1814; captured Florida, then a Spanish province occupied by the British, and then led his army to New Orleans, where he defeated the British January 8, 1815; commanded an expedition which captured Florida in 1817; was governor of Florida March 10, 1821-July 18, 1821 ; was offered and de clined the position of minister to Mexico; was grand master of Masons in Tennessee 1822-1823; was again elected a United-States senator, serving from Decem ber 1, 1823, to 1825, when he resigned ; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for President in 1824; Avas elected President, and re-elected, serving from March 4, 1829, to March 3, 1837; retired to the Her mitage, his estate, near Nashville, Tennessee, where he died January 8, 1845. Jackson, David, was a native of Pennsylvania, and was a delegate from that State to the Conti nental Congress 1785-1786. Jackson, David S., was born in New- York City ; received a public-school education ; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirtieth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 6,071 votes against 5,928 votes for James Monroe, Whig, serving from December 6, 1847, to April 19, 1848, when his seat, having been contested by James Monroe, was de clared vacant by the House, and Horace Greeley was elected to fill it. Jackson, Ebenezer, jun., was born in Con necticut; resided at Middletown ; was elected a rep resentative from Connecticut in the Twenty-third Congress (in place of Samuel A. Foot, resigned) as a Whig, receiving 16,178 votes against 15,920 votes for Samuel Ingham, Democrat, serving from December 1, 1834, to March 3, 1835. Jackson, Edward B., was born in Harrison County, Virginia; received an academical education; studied medicine; was admitted to practice, and practised at Clarksburg; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Sixteenth Congress (in place of James Pindall, resigned); was re-elected to the Sev enteenth Congress, receiving 1,237 votes against 721 votes for Lefler, and 62 votes for Mark A. Chilton, serving from November 13, 1820, to March 3, 1823; died at Clarksburg, Virginia, September 8, 1826. Jackson, George, was born in Virginia, and was elected a representative from that State in the Fourth Congress as a Democrat, serving from De cember 7, 1795, to March 3, 1797 ; was again elected to the Sixth Congress, and re-elected to the Seventh Congress, serving from December 2, 1799, to March 3, 1803. Jackson, Jabez, was born in Georgia; resided at Clarksville; was elected a representative from 466 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Georgia in the Twenty-fourth Congress as a Union Democrat on a general ticket, receiving 30,881 votes against 28,128 votes for Thomas F. Foster, State- rights Democrat ; was re-elected to the Twenty-fifth Congress, receiving 29,227 votes against 28,273 votes for Joseph W. Jackson, State-rights Democrat, serv ing from December 7, 1835, to March 3, 1839. Jackson, James, was born in Devonshire, Eng land, in 1757, and immigrated to Georgia in 1772; re ceived the masonic degrees in King Solomon s Lodge at Savannah in 1775; entered the Revolutionary army as captain, became brigade-major in 1778, and commander of the Georgia legionary forces in 1781 ; fought a duel with Lieutenant-Governor Wells in 1780, and killed him, but was wounded in both knees ; received the keys of Savannah when the British evac uated that city July 12, 1782; was presented with a house at Savannah by the Assembly of the State of Georgia; was grand master of Masons in Georgia 1786-1789; was a member of the convention which adopted the first State Constitution of Georgia; was elected a representative from Georgia in the First Congress, serving from April 20, 1189, to March 3, 1791 ; he contested the seat of Anthony Wayne in the Second Congress, and it was declared vacant by the House March 21, 1792; was elected a United-States senator from Georgia, serving from December 2, 1793, to 1795, when he resigned ; was governor of Georgia 1798-1801 ; was again elected a senator, serving from December 7, 1801, to March 19, 1806, when he died at Washington City. Jackson, James, was born in Jefferson County, Georgia, in 1819; received a classical education, grad uating at the University of Georgia in 1837 ; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice at Athens in 1840; was secretary of the State Senate in 1842; was elected to the State House of Representatives in 1845, and re-elected in 1847 ; was chosen by the legislature judge of the Western Judi cial Circuit in 1843; was elected by the people in 1853, and again in 1857, to the same office, but re signed in June, 1857; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Dem ocrat, receiving 7,751 votes against 5,956 votes for Simmons, Independent Democrat ; and was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving 9,644 votes against 3,251 votes for Lytle, Opposition, serving from December 7, 1857, to January 23, 1861, when he retired from the House. Jackson, James S., was born in Madison County, Kentucky, in 1822 ; received a classical educa tion, which was completed at Centre College ; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1843, and commenced practice at Greenupsburg, removing afterwards to Hopkinsville ; fought several duels, one of them with Thomas F. Marshall ; served in the Mexican war as a captain of mounted volunteers; was elected a rep resentative from Kentucky in the Thirty-seventh Con- fress as a Unionist, receiving 9,281 votes against ,364 votes for Bunch, Secessionist; raised a com pany of cavalry at the commencement of the war of the Rebellion; was commissioned colonel of the Third Kentucky Cavalry; took his seat in Congress July 4, 1861, but was absent in the field much of the time; was promoted to be brigadier-general of Union volunteers July 10, 1862; commanded a brigade at the battle of Perryville, where he was killed, October 8, 1862. Jackson, John George, was born in Virginia in 1774; received an English education; was ap pointed a surveyor of public lands in what is now the State of Ohio in 1793; was a member of the State House of Representatives of Virginia 1797-1801 ; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Eighth Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Ninth, Tenth, and Eleventh Congresses, serving from March 3, 1807, to 1810, when he resigned ; he fought a duel with Joseph Pearson, representative from North Carolina, near Washington. December 4, 1809, and wounded him on the second fire ; was again elected a member of the State House of Representatives in 1811; was chosen brigadier-general of militia; was again elected to the Thirteenth Congress, and re- elected to the Fourteenth Congress, serving from May 24, 1813, to March 3, 1817; declined a re-elec tion ; was appointed by President Madison judge of the Western District of Virginia in 1819, and held the office until his death at Clarksburg, Virginia, in 1825. Jackson, Jonathan, was born at Boston, Mas sachusetts, June 4, 1743; received a classical educa tion, graduating at Harvard College in 1761 ; engaged in mercantile pursuits with his father-in-law, Patrick Tracy, at NeM buryport ; was a member of the Pro vincial Congress in 1775, and of the State legisla ture in 1777 ; was a delegate from Massachusetts in the Continental Congress in 1782; was a member of the State Senate 1789; was United-States marshal for the district of Massachusetts; was president of the State Bank; and died at Boston March 5, 1810. He published "Thoughts upon the Political Situa tion of the United States" 1788, and other political essays. Jackson, Joseph W., was born in Georgia; received a public-school education; was for several years a member of the municipal councils of Savan nah, and for two years mayor of that city; was a member of the State Senate and of the State House of Representatives ; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Thirty-first Congress (in place of Thomas Butler King, resigned) as a State-rights Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-second Con gress, receiving 4,279 votes against 3,011 votes for Hopkins, Union, serving from March 4, 1850, to March 3, 1853; declined a re-election; died at Sa vannah, Georgia, of the yellow-fever, September 20, 1854. Jackson, Richard, jun., was born in Rhode Island in 1764 ; received a good English education ; engaged in domestic manufactures and mercantile pursuits; was elected a representative from Rhode Island in the Tenth Congress (in place of Nehemiah Knight, deceased); and was re-elected to the Elev enth, Twelfth, and Thirteenth Congresses, serving from November 11, 1808, to March 2, 1815; died at Providence, Rhode Island, April 18, 1838. Jackson, Thomas B., was born on Long Is land, New York; received a public-school education; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1833-1835; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty-sixth Congress, serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1841. Jackson, W^illiam, was born in Massachusetts September 6, 1783 ; received a public-school education ; engaged in business pursuits; was one of the first to engage in the construction of railroads in Massachu setts; was a member of the State House of Represen tatives 1829-1832; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Thirty-third Congress as a Whig on the second trial, receiving 2,872 votes against 1,860 votes for Dearborn, 684 votes for Thurbur, and 236 scattering votes ; was re-elected to the Twenty-fourth Congress, serving from March 17, 1834, to March 3, 1837 ; declined a renomination ; was president of the Newton Bank; died at Newton, Massachusetts, Feb ruary 27, 1855. Jackson, W. T., was born at Chester, New York, December 29, 1794; received a public-school education; engaged in mercantile pursuits at Ha vana, New York; was a justice of the peace, and subsequently county-judge of Orange County ^for four years; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-first Congress as a Whig, receiv ing 6,444 votes against 6,396 votes for Wisner, Demo crat, and 3,117 for Hathaway, Cass Democrat, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1851. Jacobs, Israel, was born in Germany; removed when a lad to the United States; was elected a rep resentative from Pennsylvania in the Second Con- STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 467 gress, serving from October 24, 1791, to March 2, 171*3. Jacobs, Orange, was born in Genesee County. New York, in 1829; removed to the new Territory of Michigan in 1832, where he received his education ; is a lawyer ; removed to the new Territory of Oregon in 1852. remaining there until 1859; was appointed one of the associate justices of Washington Territory in the spring of 1869, and held that office for nearly a year; was then appointed chief justice of the Terri tory, and re-appointed at the expiration of four years, which position he occupied when elected a delegate from Washington Territory in the Forty-fourth Con gress as a Republican, receiving 4,765 votes against 3,505 votes for Sharpslie, Democrat; and was re- elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 238 majority over John P. Judson, Democrat, serving from December 6, 1875. James, Amaziah B., was born at Stephentown, New York, July 1. 1812; received an academic edu cation; removed in 1814 to Sweden, Monroe County; studied law in Ogdensburg; was admitted to the bar in January, 1838, and commenced practice at Ogdens burg; was elected a justice of the Supreme Court in 1853, and resigned in 1870; was elected a representa tive from New York in the Forty-fifth Congress as a Republican, receiving 17.275 votes against 8,756 votes for Magone, Democrat, serving from October 15, 1877. James, Charles Tillinghast, was born at West Greenwich, Rhode Island, in 1804; received a public-school education; learned the carpenter s trade, and at an early age manifested extraordinary mechanical talent; became superintendent of Slaters steam cotton-mill at Providence ; was chosen major- general of the militia of Rhode Island ; received the honorary degree of A.M. at Brown University in 1838 ; superintended the construction of steam cotton- mills atNewburyport and Salem, and furnished plans for other mills in New York, Pennsylvania, Indiana, and Tennessee; built the Atlantic De Laine Mill at Olneyville, Rhode Island ; was elected United-States senator from Rhode Island as a Protective Tariff Democrat, serving from March 4, 1851, to March 3, 1857; he invented a rifled cannon, and lost his life while experimenting with one at Sag Harbor October 17, 1862. He published pamphlets on the cultivation and manufacture of cotton at the South, and on rifled cannon. James, Francis, was born at West Chester, Pennsylvania; received a public-school education; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-sixth Congress as a Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress, serving from De cember 2, 1831), to March 3, 1843. Jameson, John, was born in Kentucky ; received a public-school education; studied law; was admit ted to the bar, and commenced practice at Fulton, Missouri; held several local offices; was elected a representative from Missouri in the Twenty-sixth Congress as a Van Buren Democrat, serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1841 ; was again elect ed to the Twenty-eighth Congress, serving from De cember 4, 1843. to March 3, 1845; was again elected to the Thirtieth Congress, serving from December 6, 1847. to March 3, 1849. Janes, Henry F., was born at Brimfield, Mas sachusetts, October 10, 1792; received an academical education; studied law at Burlington, Vermont; was a*dmitted to the bar in 1817, and commenced practice at Waterbury, Vermont; was postmaster at Water- bury 1820-1830; was a member of the State legisla tive council 1830-18.^4; was elected a representative from Vermont in the Twenty-third Congress (in place of Benjamin F. Deming, deceased) as a Whig and anti-Mason, defeating Isaac Fletcher, Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty-fourth Congress, serving from December 2, 1834, to March 3, 1837; was defeat ed as the anti-Masonic candidate for the Twenty-fifth Congress by Isaac Fletcher, Democrat; was State treasurer of Vermont 1838-1841 ; was a member of the State Council of Censors in 1848; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1855. Jarnagin, Spencer, was born in Granger Coun ty, Tennessee ; received a classical education, gradu ating at Greenville College in 1813; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1817, and commenced practice at Athens, Tennessee; was a member of the State House of Representatives; was elected a United- States senator from Tennessee as a Whig, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1847; died at Memphis, Tennessee, June 24, 1851. Jarvis, Leonard, was born in Massachusetts October 19, 1781; received a classical education, graduating at Harvard University in 1800; was sheriff of Hancock County, Maine, 1821-1829; was collector of customs for the Penobscot District 1829-1830; was elected a representative from Maine in the Twenty- first Congress as a Jackson Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty-second, Twenty-third, and Twenty- fourth Congresses, sen-ing from December 6, 1830, to March 3, 1837 ; in 1835 he challenged F. O. J. Smith (a Democratic colleague from the Portland district), who refused to accept; was navy agent of the port of Boston 1838-1841 ; removed to Surry, Maine, and died there September 18, 1854. Jay, John, was born at New York December 1 (old style), 1745; received a classical education, graduating at Columbia College in 1764; studied law under Mr. Kissam; was admitted to the bar in 1768; entered into partnership with R. R. Livingston, and soon attained a large practice; was a delegate from New York to the Continental Congress 1774-1777 and 1778-1779, but was recalled for some months in 1776 to aid in forming the State Constitution of New York, and was consequently absent when the Decla ration of Independence was adopted ; was appointed chief justice of the State of New York in May, 1777, and resigned when elected president of Congress December 10, 1778; was appointed minister pleni potentiary to Spain September 27, 1779; was appoint ed one of the ministers to negotiate peace with Great Britain June 14, 1781, and signed the treaty at Paris Septembers, 1783; was appointed one of the minis ters to negotiate commercial treaties with European powers May 1, 1783 ; returned to New York in July, 1784; was appointed secretary of foreign affairs De cember, 1784; was appointed chief justice of the United States September 24, 1789; was the Federal candidate for governor of the State of New York in 1792, but was defeated by George Clinton, Democrat ; was appointed envoy extraordinary to Great Britain April IS), 1794, and served until April 8, 1795; was governor of the State of New York 1795-1801 ; de clined re-election, and also re-appointment as chief justice of the United States ; retired to his farm at Bedford, near New- York City, where he died May 17, 1829. He wrote several numbers of "The Federal ist." and many able state papers. Jayne, W^illiam, was born at Springfield, Illi nois. October 8, 1826; received a thorough English education ; studied medicine ; was admitted to prac tice, and practised for eleven years; was elected mayor of Springfield in 1859 and 1861 ; was appointed by President Lincoln governor of Dakota Territory, serving in 1801 and 1802; was elected a delegate from Dakota Territory in the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Republican, serving from December 7, 1863, to June 13, 1864, when he vacated his seat, which had been successfully contested by John B. S. Todd. Jefferson, Thomas, was born at Shad well, Virginia, April 2, 1743; received a classical educa tion, which he completed at the college of William and Mary; -studied law with George Wythe; was ad mitted to the bar, and commenced practice in 1767 ; was a member of the Colonial House of Burgesses 1769-1774 ; was prominent in pre-Revolutionary move ments ; was a delegate from Virginia to the Conti nental Congress, serving 1775-1778 ; was governor of Virginia 1779-1781; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1782 ; was again a delegate 468 CONGRESSIONAL DIEECTOEY. to the Continental Congress 1782-1783; was appoint ed minister plenipotentiary to Europe, and afterwards to France alone, serving 1784-1789; was secretary of state of the United States March, 1790-December 3, 1793; was elected Vice-President of the United States, receiving 68 of the 140 votes cast, serving March 4, 1797-March 3, 1801; received 73 of the 128 electoral votes cast for President of the United States in 1801, and, Aaron Burr having received the same number, the election was carried into the House of Representatives, where Jefferson was elected on the thirty-sixth ballot; was re-elected President in 1805, receiving 102 of the 176 electoral votes cast; was President of the United States, serving March 4, 1801-March 3, 1809 ; retired to his estate called Mon- ticello ; took an active part in founding the present University of Virginia; and died at Monticello July 4, 1826. He published "Notes on Virginia," a " Manual of Parliamentary Practice," a " Life of Captain Lewis," and a number of papers on legisla tive, philosophical, and agricultural topics. Portions of his manuscripts have been edited by H. A. Wash ington, T. J. Randolph, G. Tucker, and H. S. Ran dall. Jenckes, Thomas A., was born at Cumber land, Rhode Island, November 2, 1818; received a classical education, graduating at Brown University in 1838 ; was afterwards a tutor there, studying law at the same time with Samuel Y. Atwell ; was admit ted to the bar in September, 1840, and commenced practice at Providence; was a clerk of the State House of Representatives 1840-1844 ; was one of the secretaries of the Landholders Convention of 1841 ; was secretary of the State Constitutional Convention of 1842 ; was adjutant-general of Rhode Island 1845- 1855 ; served in one or the other House of the State legislature 1854-1859 ; was one of the commissioners to revise the laws of the State in 1855; was elected a representative from Rhode Island in the Thirty- eighth Congress as a Republican, receiving 6,532 votes against 4,616 votes for Bradley, Democrat; was re- elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiving 5,683 votes without opposition ; was re-elected to the Forti eth Congress without opposition; was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress, receiving 7,995 votes against 4,080 votes for Arnold, Democrat, serving from De cember 7, 1863, to March 3, 1871 ; was defeated as a Republican candidate for the Forty-second Congress, receiving 1,965 votes against 4,962 votes for B. T. Eames, Republican, 1,040 votes for T. Davis, Repub lican, 1,380 votes for N. Van Slyck, Democrat, and 370 scattering ; died on the estate where he was born, at Cumberland, Rhode Island, November 4, 1875. He was a contributor to "The Providence Journal," and. while in Congress, wrote able reports on "The Bankrupt Law," " Civil Service," " The Ventilation of the Capitol," and other subjects. Jenifer, Daniel, of St. Thomas (father of Daniel Jenifer), was born in Maryland 1723; took an active part in the pre-Revolutionary movements; was a dele gate from Maryland to the Continental Congress 1778- 1782 ; was a delegate from Maryland to the National Constitutional Convention; and died November 6, 1790. Jenifer, Daniel (son of Daniel Jenifer), was born in Maryland; received a liberal education; was a member of the State House of Representatives; was a local magistrate; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Twenty-second Congress as a Whig, serving from December 5, 1831, to March 2, 1833; was defeated as the Whig candidate for the Twenty-third Congress by John T. Stoddert, Demo crat; was again elected to the Twenty-fourth Con gress, defeating Stoddert, Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty-fifth Congress without opposition, and was re-elected to the Twenty-sixth Congress, receiv ing 521 majority, serving from December 7, 1835, to March 3, 1841 ; was minister to Austria August 27, 1841-July 7, 1845; died December 18, 1855, near Port Tobacco, Maryland, Jenkins, Albert G., was born in Cabell Coun ty, Virginia, November 10, 1830; received a classical education, graduating at Jefferson College, Pennsyl vania; studied law at the Cambridge Law School, and was admitted to the bar, but never practised ; devoted himself to agricultural pursuits ; was a dele gate to the National Democratic Convention at Cin cinnati in 1856; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 7,758 votes against 6,653 votes for Carlisle, American; and was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving 9,038 votes against 7.228 votes for Laidley, Opposition, serving from December 7, 1857, to March 3, 1861 ; was a delegate from Virginia to the Provisional Confederate Congress in 1861; entered the Confederate service ; was appointed brig adier-general August 5, 1862, and placed in com mand of a cavalry brigade in the army of Northern Virginia; was killed in action at Dublin, Virginia, May 7, 1864. Jenkins, Lemuel, was born at Bloomingbnrg, New York ; was elected a representative from New York in the Eighteenth Congress, serving from De cember 1, 1823, to March 3, 1825. Jenkins, Robert, was born in Pennsylvania, and was elected a representative from that State in the Tenth Congress ; was re-elected to the Eleventh Congress, serving from October 26, 1807, to March 3, 1811. Jenkins, Timothy, was born at Barre, Massa chusetts, January 29, 1799; received an academical education ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar in 1824, and commenced practice at Oneida Castle, New York; was district-attorney for Oneida County 1839- 1845 ; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-ninth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 7,617 votes against 7,094 votes for White, Whig, and 1,086 votes for Allen, American ; and was re-elected to the Thirtieth Congress, serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1849; was defeated as the Demo cratic candidate for the Thirty-first Congress by O. B. Mattcson, Whig; was re-elected to the Thirty-second Congress, receiving 7,828 votes against 7,711 votes for Matteson, Whig, serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1853 ; was defeated as the Democratic can didate for the Thirty-third Congress by O. B. Matte- son, Whig; died at Martinsburg, New York, Decem ber 24, 1859. Jenks, George A., was born in Jefferson Coun ty, Pennsylvania, March 26, 1836; learned the car penter and joiner s trade; taught school eighteen months; graduated at Jefferson College in August, 1858; studied law; was admitted to the bar Febru ary 16, 1859, and commenced practice at Brookville ; and was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiv ing 11,627 votes against 11,109 votes for Harry White, Republican, serving from December 6, 1875, to March 3, 1877. Jenks, Michael Hutchinson, was born at Bridgetown Mills, near Middletown, Pennsylvania, May 21, 1795; received an academical education; engaged in agricultural pursuits, but afterwards be came a surveyor, conveyancer, and real-estate agent; was a commissioner of Bucks County 1830-1833; was treasurer of Bucks County 1833-1S35; removed to Newtown, Bucks County, in 1837 ; was associate judge of the Court of Common Pleas of Bucks County 183S-1S43 ; was elected a representative from Penn sylvania in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Whig, receiving 5,750 votes against 5,110 votes for John Davis, Democrat, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1845; was defeated as the Whig candidate for the Twenty-ninth Congress by Jacob Erdman; resumed his business as conveyancer and real-estate agent ; was elected chief burgess of Newtown, which office he held for many years ; and died at Newtowu, Pennsylvania, October 16, 1867. Jenness, Benning "W., was born at Strafford, New Hampshire; received an academic education; STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 469 was judge of probate for Strafford County 1841-1845 ; was appointed a United-States senator from New Hampshire (in place of Levi Woodbury, resigned), serving from December 1, 1845, to June 22, 184(3, when his successor took his seat. Jennings, David, was born in Hunterdon Coun ty, New Jersey ; received a public-school education; removed to St. Clairsville, Ohio; held several local offices; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Nineteenth Congress, serving from December 5, 1825, to May 25, 1826, when he resigned. Jennings, Jonathan, was born in Hunterdon County, New Jersey ; received an academical educa tion; emigrated to the North-west Territory, and, when the Territory of Indiana was organized, was its first delegate, taking his seat in the Eleventh Con gress after some opposition; was re-elected to the Twelfth, Thirteenth, and Fourteenth Congresses, serving from November 27, 1809, to April 30, 1810; on the admission of Indiana as a State in December, 1816, he was elected governor, serving until 1822; was appointed Indian commissioner by President Monroe in 1818; was elected a representative from Indiana in the Seventeenth Congress (in place of William Hendricks, resigned), and was successively re-elected to the Eighteenth, Nineteenth, Twentieth, and Twenty-first Congresses, serving from December 2, 1822, to March 3, 1831 ; was grand master of Free- Masons in Indiana in 1824; died near Charlestown, Indiana, July 26, 1834. Jewett, Freeborn G M was born at Skaneateles, New York, in 1790 ; received an academic education ; studied law with Colonel Samuel Young; was admit ted to the bar in 1818, and commenced practice at Skaneateles in partnership with Honorable James Porter; was surrogate of Onondaga County 1824- 1831 ; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-second Congress as a Jackson Democrat, serving from December 5, 1831, to March 2, 1833; was appointed a puisne justice of the Supreme Court March 5, 1845; was elected judge of the Court of Appeals in 1849, and re-elected in 1853, but resigned in 1853 on account of ill health ; died at Skaneateles, New York, February 23, 1858. Jewett, Hugh J., was born at Deer Creek, Maryland; received a thorough English education; studied law in Cecil County, Maryland, and was ad mitted to the bar; removed to Ohio, and commenced practice at Columbus; held no public position until elected a representative from Ohio in the Forty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 15,613 votes against 10,936 votes for J. Taylor, Republican; served from December 1, 1873, until the close of the first session, June 23, 1874; resigned to accept the position of president of the Erie Railroad Company. Jewett, Joshua H., was born at Deer Creek, Harford County, Maryland, September 13, 1812; re ceived a public-school education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Elizabethtown, Kentucky; was county prosecuting- attorney; was elected a representative from Ken tucky in the Thirty-fourth Congress as a Democrat ; was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving 7,377 votes against 4,996 votes for Young, American, serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1857. Jewett, Luther, was born at Canterbury, Con necticut, December 24, 1772; received a classical education, graduating at Dartmouth College in 1795 ; studied medicine, and commenced practice at Putney, Vermont ; was for fifteen years a member of the State House of Representatives ; was elected a representa tive from Vermont in the Fourteenth Congress as a Federalist, receiving 17,065 votes against 16,957 votes for William Strong, Democrat, serving from Decem ber 4, 1815, to March 3, 1817 ; removed to St. Johns- bury; studied divinity; was pastor of a church at Newbury, Vermont, 1821-1828; returned to St. Johns- bury; published "The Farmer s Herald" 1828-1832, and "The Freemason s Friend" 1830-1832; died at St. Johnsbury, Vermont, March 8, 1860. Johns, Kensey (father of Kensey Johns, jun.), was born at New Castle, Delaware ; received a classi cal education from a tutor; studied law, and prac tised ; was chancellor of the State of Delaware ; was appointed by the governor of Delaware a senator for that State (to fill a vacancy caused by the resignation of George Read), and presented his credentials March 24, 1798; the committee on elections, to whom the credentials were referred, reported on the 28th of March that he was not entitled to a seat in the Sen ate, a session of the legislature of Delaware having intervened between the resignation of Senator Read and his appointment ; the Senate sustained the report by a vote of 20 yeas against 7 nays. Johns, Kensey, jun. (son of Kensey Johns), was born at New Castle, Delaware, December 10, 1791; received a classical education, graduating at Princeton College in 1810; studied law; was ad mitted to the bar in 1813, and commenced practice at New Castle, Delaware ; was elected a representa tive from Delaware in the Twentieth Congress; was re-elected to the Twenty-first Congress, receiving 744 votes against 325 votes for Bayard, serving from December 3, 1827, to March 3, 1831 ; was appointed chancellor of the State of Delaware in 1832, and served until his death at New Castle, Delaware, March 28, 1857. Johnson, Andrew, was born at Raleigh, North Carolina, December 29, 1808; extreme poverty pre vented him from receiving any schooling, and, at the age of ten, he was apprenticed to a tailor, learning the trade; in September, 1826, he removed to Ten nessee, and settled at Greenville, where, under his wife s instruction, he learned to read, write, and cipher; he organized in 1828 a working-men s party, which elected him alderman, and re-elected him the two following years ; was mayor of Greenville 1830- 1833; was a member of the Tennessee House of Representatives in 1835 and 1839; was defeated as a candidate for presidential elector on the Van Buren ticket in 1840; was a member of the State Senate in 1841; was elected a representative from Tennessee in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, re ceiving 5,495 votes against 4,952 votes for Aiken, Whig ; was re-elected to the Twenty-ninth Congress ; was re-elected to the Thirtieth Congress, defeating Taylor, Whig; was re-elected to the Thirty-first Con gress, receiving 6,068 votes against 5,060 votes for Taylor, Whig, and 404 votes for Campbell, Demo crat; was re-elected to the Thirty-second Congress, receiving 6,538 votes against 4,844 votes for Hayns, Whig, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1853; was governor of Tennessee 1853-1857; was a United-States senator from Tennessee, serving from December 7, 1857, until he was appointed by Presi dent Lincoln to be military governor of Tennessee March 4, 1862; was elected Vice-President of the United States (on the Republican ticket with Abraham Lincoln), receiving 212 electoral votes against 21 electoral votes for G. H. Pendleton, and was inaugurated March 4, 1865; became President after the assassination of President Lincoln April 15, 1865; was impeached, and acquitted May 26, 1868, by a vote of 35 guilty against 19 not guilty, and served until March 3, 1869; was defeated as a candidate for the United-States Senate before the legislature of Tennessee in 1870; was defeated as an independent candidate for congressman-at-large in the Forty-third Congress, receiving 37,900 votes against 80,825 votes for Horace Maynard, Repub lican, and 65,188 votes for B. F. Cheatham, Demo crat ; was again elected a United-States senator from Tennessee in 1875, serving at the special session from March 4, 1875, to March 24, 1875 ; and died of heart-disease, after a brief illness, at the residence of his daughter, Mrs. W. R. Brown, in Carter County, Tennessee, July 31, 1875. His speeches, with a memoir of him by Frank Moore, were published in 1865. Johnson, Cave, was born in Robertson County, 470 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Tennessee, January 11, 1793; received an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Clarksville, Tennessee; was appointed circuit-judge; was elected a repre sentative from Tennessee in the Twenty-first Con gress as a Democrat, defeating John II. Marable; was re-elected to the Twenty-second Congress, defeat ing Richard Cheatham, Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-third Congress, defeating Richard Cheatham and John H. Marable; and was re-elected to the Twenty-fourth Congress, defeating Richard Cheat- ham, serving from December 7, 1829, to March 3, 1837 ; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Twenty-f<w2lh Congress by Richard Cheatham, who received 123 majority; was again elected to the Twenty-sixth Congress, receiving 4,704 votes against 3,309 votes for Richard Cheatham, Whig; was re- elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress, defeating Richard Cheatham; and was re-elected to the Twenty-eighth Congress, receiving 4,904 votes against 4,670 votes for Henry, Whig, serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1845 ; was appointed postmaster- general by President Polk, serving March 5, 1845- March 7, 1849; was president of the State Bank of Tennessee 1850-1859; was elected to the State Senate during the war as a Unionist, but was prevented by feeble health from taking his seat; died at Clarks ville, Tennessee, November 13, 18GG. Johnson, Charles, was born in Chowan County, North Carolina; received an academic education; was a member of the State Senate in 1781-1784, 1788, 1790-1792 ; was elected a representative from North Carolina in the Seventh Congress, serving from December 7, 1801, until his death in 1802. Johnson, Francis, was born in Caroline Coun ty, Virginia; received a classical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice ; was a member of the State House of Repre sentatives; removed to Kentucky, and practised at Bowling Green; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Sixteenth Congress (in place of David Walker, deceased) as an Adams Republican; was re-elected to the Seventeenth, Eighteenth, and Nineteenth Congresses, serving from November 13, 1820. to March 3, 1827; removed to Louisville, where he died December 14, 1851. Johnson, Harvey H., was born in Vermont; received a public-school education; removed to Ohio, and settled at Ashland; was elected a repre sentative from Ohio in the Thirty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 7,591 votes against 4,703 votes for Lockwood, Whig, and 3,030 votes for N. S. Townshend, Free-Soiler, serving from December 5, 1853. to March 3, 1855 ; was defeated as the Demo cratic candidate for the Thirty-fourth Congress, re ceiving 0,041 votes against 8,788 votes for Philemon Bliss, Republican. Johnson, Henry, was born in Tennessee Sep tember 14, 1783; received an academical education; removed to Louisiana; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Bringiers; was clerk of the Territorial Court in 1809; was judge of the Parish Court in 1811 ; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention in 1812; was de feated as a candidate for the National House of Representatives by Thomas B. Robertson in 1812; was elected a United-States senator from Louisiana (in place of William C. C. Claiborne, deceased, who never took his seat), and was re-elected, serving from February 26, 1818, to May 27, 1824, when he resigned; was defeated as a candidate for the United-States Senate by Edward Livingston in 1829; was elected a representative from Louisiana in the Twenty-third Congress (in place of Edward D. White, resigned) as a Whig, receiving 375 majority over Gayarre and Nicholls, Democrats; was re- elected to the Twenty-fourth Congress, receiving 510 majority over White, Democrat ; was re-elected to the Twenty-fifth Congress without opposition, serving from December i, 1834, to March 3, 1839; was defeated as the Whig candidate for governor in 1842 by A. Moutou, Democrat; was again elected a senator (in place of Alexander Porter, deceased), serving from March 4, 1844, to March 3, 1849 ; died at Point Coupee, Louisiana, September 4, 1804. Johnson, Herschel V., was born in Burke County, Georgia, September 18, 1812: received a classical education, graduating at Franklin College in 1834; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Augusta, removing to Jeffer son County in 1839, and from there to Milledgeville in 1844; was appointed a United-States senator from Georgia (in place of Walter T. Colquitt, resigned), serving from February 14, 1848, to March 3, 1849; was judge of the Superior Court November, 1849- August, 1853; was governor of Georgia 1853-1857; was defeated as candidate for Vice-President on the Douglas Democratic ticket, receiving 12 electoral votes against 180 electoral votes for Hamlin, 72 electoral votes for Lane, and 39 electoral votes for Everett; was a senator from Georgia in the Second Confederate Congress. Johnson, James, was born in Virginia; re ceived an English education; was a member of the State House of Representatives; was elected a rep resentative from Virginia in the Thirteenth Con gress as a Democrat, and was re-elected to the Fourteenth, Fifteenth, and Sixteenth Congresses, serving from December 15, 1813, to February 1, 1820, when he resigned to accept the position of collector of customs of the port of Norfolk ; died at Norfolk, Virginia, December 7, 1825. Johnson, James (brother of Richard M. John son), was born in Orange County, Virginia, January 1, 1774; was taken by his parents to Kentucky when he was five years of age, and grew up inured to the dangers and hardships of frontier life on " the dark and bloody ground;" served as second in command to his brother (Colonel R. M. Johnson) during the war of 1812, and commanded the right wing of the United-States forces in the battle of the Thames October 5, 1813 ; was a large contractor for supplying the troops on the Mississippi and Missouri Rivers in 1819-1820; was elected a representative from Ken tucky in the Nineteenth Congress as a Democrat, and served from December 5, 1825, until his death, of fever, at Great Crossings, Kentucky, August 14, 1826. Johnson, James, was born in Robinson County, North Carolina, in 1811; received a classical educa tion, graduating at the State University in 1832; taught school; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Columbus, Georgia; was prosecuting-attorney; was elected a representa tive from Georgia in the Thirty-second Congress as a Unionist, receiving 8,107 votes against 6,985 votes for Boning, Calhoun Democrat; serving from De cember 1, 1851, to March 3, 1853; was appointed provisional governor of Georgia by President John son in 1805 ; was collector of customs at Savannah 1860-1809 ; was appointed judge of the Circuit Court of Georgia in 1870. Johnson, James A., was born at Spartanburg, South Carolina, May 16, 1829; received a common- school education; studied medicine and law; re moved to California, where he practised law .at Downieville; was a member of the legislature of California in 1859-1800; was elected a representative from California in the Fortieth Congress as a Demo crat, receiving 14,707 votes against 14,394 votes for Hartshorn, Union Republican; and was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress as a Democrat, receiving 15,778 votes against 15,490 votes for Harrison, Repub lican, serving from March 4, 1807, to March 3, 1871. Johnson, James H., was born in New Hamp shire; received a public-school education; resided at Bath; was a member of the State Senate in 1839; was a member of the State Council in 1842 and in 1845 ; was elected a representative from New Hamp shire in the Twenty-ninth Congress ; was re-elected STATISTICAL S1LSTCHES. 471 to the Thirtieth Congress by about 1,300 majority, serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1849. Johnson, James L., was born in Kentucky; resided at Owensborough ; was elected a representa tive from Kentucky in the Thirty-first Congress as a Whig, receiving 8,035 votes against 3,878 votes for Peyton, Whig, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1851; committed suicide while suffering under mental depression caused by ill health, at Owensborough, February 12, 1877. Johnson, J. M., was elected a representative from the Third District of Arkansas in the Twenty- eighth Congress in March, 1804, as a Unionist, re ceiving over 4,000 votes; the House Committee on Elections reported in favor of giving him the seat Feb ruary 17, 1805, but the House refused to take action on the resolution, voting him, on the 3d of March, 1865, 82,000 for compensation, expenses and mileage. Johnson, Jeromus, was born in King s County, New York; received a public-school education; re moved to New- York City; was elected a representa tive from New York in the Nineteenth Congress as a Jackson Democrat; was re-elected to the Twentieth Congress, serving from December 5, 1825, to March 3, 1829; removed to Goshen, Orange County, and died there September 7, 1846. Johnson, John, was born in Tyrone County, Ireland, in 1808 ; received a public-school education ; immigrated to the United States in 1824, and settled at Coshocton, Ohio, where he engaged in agricultural pursuits ; was a member of the State Senate ; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention ; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirty- second Congress as an Independent, receiving 5,458 votes against 5,156 votes for Hoagland, Democrat, serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1853. Johnson, John T., was born in Scott County, Kentucky; received an academical education; stud ied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Georgetown ; was elected a representative from Ken tucky in the Seventeenth Congress, defeating Thomas A. Grimes; was re-elected to the Eighteenth Con gress, serving from December 3, 1821, to March 3, 1825; was appointed a judge in the new Court of Appeals April 20, 1826; was for thirty years a preach er of the gospel without pay; died at Lexington, Mis souri. December 18, 1857. Johnson, Joseph, was born in Orange County, New York, December 19, 1785, and, when fifteen years of age, removed with his mother and a younger brother to Bridgeport, Virginia (now West Virginia), where he resided for more than seventy years ; worked on a f arm, and educated himself ; served in the war of 1812 as captain of a volunteer company of rifle men ; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Eighteenth Congress as a Democrat; was re- elected to the Nineteenth Congress, receiving a ma jority of 651 votes over P. Doddridge, serving from December 1, 1823, to March 3, 1827; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Twentieth Con gress, receiving 378 votes against 792 votes for Isaac Leffler, and 118 votes for Haymond ; was again elected to the Twenty-second Congress (in place of Philip Doddridge. deceased), serving from January 21, 1833, to March 2, 1833; was again elected to the Twenty- fourth Congress, defeating J. J. Allen, Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-fifth Congress, receiving 2.087 votes against 1,574 votes for John S. Jackson, Whig ; was re-elected to the Twenty-sixth Congress, defeating Shinn, Democrat, and Camden, Whig, serving from December 7, 1835, to March 3, 1841 ; was a delegate to the National Democratic Conven tion at Baltimore in 1844; was again elected to the Twenty-ninth Congress, receiving 300 majority over G. W. Summers, serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1847; was governor of Virginia 1852-1856; was a supporter of the Southern Confederacy 1861- 1865; died at Bridgeport, West Virginia, February 27, 1877. He had shaken hands with every President from Washington to Johnson inclusive. Johnson, Noadiah, was born in the State of New York ; received an academic education ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice at Delhi; was district-attorney; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-third Congress as a Jackson Democrat, serving from De cember 2, 1833, to March 3, 1835; was a member of the State Senate 1837-1839; died while a State sena tor at Albany, New York, April 4, 1839. Johnson, Perley B., was born in Ohio; re sided at McConnellsville; was elected a representa tive from Ohio in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Whig, receiving 4,658 votes against 4,410 votes for Barker, Democrat, and 69 votes for Buckingham, Abolitionist, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1845. Johnson, Philip, was born in Warren County, New Jersey, January 17, 1818; removed with his father to Pennsylvania in 1839 ; received a classical education at Lafayette College ; taught school at the South for two years; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1848, and commenced practice at Easton, Pennsylvania ; was clerk of the county courts ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1853 and 1854 ; was revenue commissioner of the Third Judicial District in 1860; was elected a repre sentative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-seventh Congress as a Democrat, receiving 12,208 votes against 9,096 votes for Shoemaker, Republican ; was re-elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, receiving 11,676 votes against 2,592^-otes for Rouch, Repub lican; was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiving 13,007 votes against 6,384 votes for Sel- fridge, Republican, serving from July 4, 1861, to January 29, 1867, when he died at Washington City. Johnson, Reverdy, was born at Annapolis, Maryland, May 21, 1796; received a classical educa tion, graduating at St. John s College; studied law with his father, Chief Justice Johnson ; was admitted to the bar in 1815, and commenced practice at An napolis, where he was appointed State s attorney; removed to Baltimore in 1817; was chief commis sioner of insolvent debtors 1820-1821 ; was a member of the State Senate of Maryland 1821-1827; was elected a United-States senator from Maryland as a Whig, serving from December 1, 1845, to March 7, 1849; was appointed by President Taylor attorney- general, sen-ing March 7, 1849-July 20, 1850; was a delegate to the Peace Convention in February, 1861 ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1861 ; was again elected United-States senator, serving from March 4, 1863, to July 10, 1808; was minister to England 1868-1869; died from injuries received by a fall at Annapolis, Maryland, February 10, 1876. He partially edited seven volumes of the Reports of the Maryland Court of Appeals 1820-1827. Johnson, Richard Mentor (brother of James Johnson), was born at Bryant s Station, Kentucky, October 17, 1781; received a classical education at Transylvania University; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Great Crossings ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1805; served in the Avar of 1812 as colonel of volun teer cavalry, distinguishing himself in a skirmish at Chatham, Canada, October 4, 1813, and in the battle of the Thames October 5, 1813 ; was elected a repre sentative from Kentucky in the Tenth Congress as a Jackson Democrat,* and was re-elected to the Elev enth and Twelfth Congresses, serving from October 26, 1807, to March 3, 1813 ; was again elected to the Thirteenth Congress, and re-elected to the Four teenth and Fifteenth Congresses, serving from March 7, 1814, to March 3, 1819: was elected a United-States senator from Kentucky (in place of John J. Critten- den, resigned), and was re-elected, serving from Jan uary 3, 1820, to March 3. 1829; was again elected a representative in the Twenty-first Congress, and re-elected to the Twenty-second, Twenty-third, and Twenty-fourth Congresses, serving from December 7, 1829, to March 3, 1837 ; was chosen Vice-Presideut 472 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. of the United States by the Senate, no candidate having received a majority of the electoral vote, serving from March 4, 1837, to March 3, 1841 ; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for Vice-Presi dent on the Van Buren ticket in 1840, receiving 48 electoral votes against 234 electoral votes for John Tyler, Whig, 11 electoral votes for L. W. Tazewell, and 1 electoral vote for James K. Polk; was a member of the State House of Representatives; died at Frankfort, Kentucky, of paralysis, November 19, 1850. Johnson, Robert W., was born in Kentucky in 1814; received an English education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Pine Bluffs, Arkansas; was elected a representative from Arkan sas in the Thirtieth Congress as a Democrat without opposition, receiving 16,425 votes against 101 scat tering votes ; was re-elected to the Thirty-first Con gress, receiving 14,456 votes against 9,224 votes for Thomas W. Newton, Whig; was re-elected to the Thirty-second Congress, receiving 11,975 votes against 8,876 votes for Preston, Whig, serving from Decem ber 6, 1847, to March 3, 1853 ; was elected a United- States senator from Arkansas (in place of Solon Borland, resigned), serving from December 5, 1853, until he withdrew in 1861; was a member of the Confederate Senate from Arkansas, serving from February 22, 1862, to the final adjournment; prac tised law at Washington City in partnership with General Albert Pike. Johnson, Thomas, was born in Calvert Coun ty, Maryland, November 4, 1732; received an aca demical education; studied law at Annapolis; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice ; took an active part in pre-Revolutionary movements; was a brigadier-general of Maryland troops January 6, 1776- June, 1776; was elected a delegate from Maryland to the First Continental Congress, serving 1774-1777; nominated George Washington to be commander-in- chief ; was present when the Declaration of Inde pendence was adopted, July 4, 1776, but was necessa rily absent, on account of illness in his family, when it was signed, August 2, 1776; was a delegate to the First Constitutional Convention of Maryland ; served in the Revolutionary war as brigadier-general com manding the Maryland line, and distinguished him self under General Washington in the Jersey cam paign; was elected while in the field the first gov ernor of the State of Maryland, serving 1777-1779; removed after his gubernatorial term to Frederick- town, Maryland, which was thenceforth his home; was several times elected a member of the Maryland House of Delegates; was appointed chief judge of the General Court of Maryland, and held the office until he was persuaded by President Washington to accept a scat upon the bench of the Supreme Court of the United States, serving 1791-1793 ; he had de clined the position of secretary of state in Washing ton s cabinet, but accepted the appointment of com missioner of the District of Columbia, and aided in laying out the city of Washington ; he then retired to "Rose Hill," near Fredericktown, where he died October 16, 1819. Johnson, T. M., was elected a representative from Arkansas in the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Republican, and presented his credentials ; a majority of the Committee on Elections, t to whom they were referred, reported that he was entitled to a seat; but such was the opposition, that no vote was taken on the resolution, although, on the last day of the session, he was voted $2,000 for compensation, mile age and expenses. Johnson, Waldo P., was elected a United- States senator from Missouri as a Democrat, serving from July 4, 1861, to January 10, 1862, when he was expelled by the Senate. Johnson, William, was born in Ireland in 1819; immigrated to the United States in early life, and settled in Ohio ; received a public-school educa tion; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Mansfield, Ohio ; held a num ber of local offices; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Demo crat, receiving 9,012 votes against 8,642 votes for Godmau, Republican, serving from December 7, 1863, to March 3, 1865 ; was defeated as the Demo cratic candidate for the Twenty-ninth Congress, re ceiving 8,383 votes against 10,9U3 votes for James R. Hubbell, Republican; died at Mansfield, Ohio, May 3, 1866. Johnson, William Cost, was born in Fred erick County, Maryland, in 1806; received an aca demical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1831, and commenced practice at Jefferson, Maryland ; was a member of the State House of Rep resentatives ; was a delegate to the Constitutional Con vention of Maryland; was president of the Young Men s National Whig Convention which met at Bal timore on the first Monday in May, 1832, to nominate Henry Clay for President ; was elected a representa tive from Maryland in the Twenty-third Congress as a Whig, receiving 600 majority over Dorsey, Demo crat, serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1835; was again elected to the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Whig, receiving 65 majority over Kimmell, Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-sixth Congress, receiving 347 majority over G. W. Duvall, Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress, re ceiving 1,439 majority, serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1843; resumed practice at Wash ington City, and died there April 16, 1860. Johnson, William Samuel, was born at Stratford, Connecticut, October 7, 1727; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1744; studied law at Cambridge; was admitted to the bar in, and commenced practice at, Stratford; was a delegate from Connecticut to the Conven tion of the Colonies at New York in 1765; was agent of the Colony of Connecticut at London 1766-1771; was a judge of the Supreme Court of Connecticut 1772-1774; was a delegate from Con necticut in the Continental Congress 1784-1787; was a delegate from Connecticut to the National Constitutional Convention; was elected a United- States senator from Connecticut in the First Con gress, serving from March 4, 1889, to 1791, when he resigned ; was president of Columbia College at New- York City 1792-1800; returned to Stratford, Connecticut, Avhere he died November 14, 1819. A sketch of his life was published by John T. Irving in 1830. Johnston, Charles, was born in Connecticut; received a public-school education ; removed to Poughkeepsie, New York; held several local offices; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-sixth Congress as a Whig, receiving 5,262 votes against 4,645 votes for Obadiah Titus, Demo crat, and serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1841 ; was defeated as the Whig candidate for the Twenty-seventh Congress by Richard D. Davis, Dem ocrat. Johnston, Charles C., was born at Abingdon, Virginia; received an academic education; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice at Abingdon ; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Twenty-second Congress, serving from December 5, 1831, to June 17, 1832, when he went to Alexandria to visit a friend, and, on his return at night, fell from the wharf into the Potomac, and was drowned. Johnston, John "W., was born at Panicello, near Abingdon, September 9, 1818; was educated at the Abingdon Academy, and the South-Carolina Col lege, at Columbia, South Carolina; studied law at the University of Virginia; was licensed in 1839, and practised at Abingdon; was Commonwealth s attor ney for Tazewell County two years ; was a member of the Senate of the State of Virginia in 1846-1847 and 1847-1848; was judge of the Circuit Court of Virginia for a year; was elected United-States senator from STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 473 Virginia as a Conservative, and took his seat Janu ary 24, 1870; was re-elected in 1871, and again re- elected in 1875. His term of service will expire March 3, 1883. Johnston, Josiah Stoddard, was born at Salisbury, Connecticut, November 25, 1784 ; was taken by his father to Kentucky in 1790 ; received a classical education, graduating at Transylvania Uni versity in 1805; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Alexandria, Louisi ana; was a member of the State House of Represen tatives ; marched to the defence of New Orleans at the head of a regiment, but did not arrive until the battle had been fought; was a State district-judge; was elected a representative from Louisiana in the Seventeenth Congress as a Clay Democrat, serving from December 3, 1821, to March 3, 1823; was elected a United-States senator from Louisiana (in place of James Brown, resigned), and was twice re-elected, serving from March 12, 1824, to May 19, 1833, when he died from the effect of an explosion of gun powder on the steam-packet "Lioness" on the Eed Kiver. Johnston, Samuel, was born in Scotland in 1733, and immigrated early in life to Chowan Coun ty, North Carolina; was a delegate to the general meeting at New Berne in 1775, and, as its moderator, was the chief magistrate of North Carolina between the abdication of the last of the royal governors and the accession of the first State governor; was elected a delegate to the Continental Congress 1780-1782; was president of the convention of 1788 to consider the Federal Constitution, which was then rejected, and of the convention of 1789 which ratified that instrument ; was elected to the United-States Senate in the First Congress as a Federalist, serving from January 29, 1790, until March 2, 1793; was appointed judge of the Superior Court of North Carolina in February, 1800, which position he resigned in Novem ber, 1803, declining all further public service ; he died at " Sherwarkey," near Edenton, North Carolina, August 18, 181(5. Jones, Alexander H., was born in Buncombe County, North Carolina, July 21, 1822; received an academic education; was raised a farmer; was a merchant at Asheville; had a limited experience as an editor at the beginning of the Rebellion; took an uncompromising stand for the Union ; in the early summer of 1803 he fled into the Union lines ; was commissioned by General Burnside to raise a regi ment of loyal North-Carolinians, and, while engaged in recruiting white men, was captured in East Ten nessee by the Confederates; was imprisoned and ironed at Asheville; imprisoned at Camp Vance, Camp Holmes, and in the Libby at Richmond, Vir ginia ; was conscripted ; made his escape November, 1864, without performing any service; succeeded in reaching the Union lines about the 7th December, 1864, at Cumberland, Maryland; was cared for at Cincinnati, and Knoxville, Tennessee, in a bad state of health, until the surrender of General Lee; he re turned home, and was elected to the State Conven tion in 1865 ; was elected a representative from North Carolina in the Thirty-ninth Congress as a Repub lican, but, for the lack of an established civil govern ment in the State, failed to be received; was re- elected to the Fortieth Congress, and obtained a seat July 0, 1868 ; was re-elected to the Forty-first Con gress, serving from July 20, 1868, to March 3, 1871 ; was defeated as the Republican candidate for the Forty-second Congress, receiving 9,231 votes against 12,130 votes for James C. Harper, Conservative. Jones, Allen (brother of Willie Jones), was born in Halifax County, North Carolina ; was a dele gate to the State Conventions at New Berne August 25, 1775, and Halifax April 4, 1776, and to the Consti tutional Convention at Halifax November, 1776; was brigadier-general of the Revolutionary forces in the Halifax district in 1776 ; was a delegate to the Con tinental Congress 1779-1780; was a member of the State Senate of North Carolina in 1784-1787 ; was a member of the State Convention which met in 1788 to ratify the Federal Constitution. Jones, Benjamin, was born in Virginia; re ceived a public-school education; removed to Ohio, and settled at Wooster; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Twenty-third Congress as a Jack son Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty-fourth Congress, serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1837. Jones, Charles "W., was born in Ireland in 1834; immigrated to the United States in 1844, and, after residing temporarily in different parts of the South while working at his trade, settled at Pensa- colain!854; was self-educated ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1857, and practised at Pensa- cola; was a member of the National Democratic Con vention at Baltimore in 1872; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the State at large to the Forty-third Congress, receiving 15,811 votes against 17,537 votes for William J. Purman, Republican ; was a member of the State House of Representatives of Florida in 1874; was elected a United-States senator from Florida as a Conservative Democrat (to succeed Abijah Gilbert, Republican), and took his seat March 5, 1875. His term of service will expire March 3, 1881. Jones, Daniel T., was born in Connecticut; re ceived a public-school education; removed to the State of New York, and located at Baldwinsville ; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-second Congress as a Democrat, receiving 6,186 votes against 5,419 votes for Smith, Whig, and 273 votes for Pyrne, Abolitionist ; was re-elected"to the Thirty-third Congress, receiving 6,605 votes against 6,120 votes for Gott, Whig, and 1,456 votes for Ray, Abolitionist, serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1855. Jones, Francis, resided at Winchester, Ten nessee ; was elected a representative from that State in the Fifteenth Congress, was re-elected to the Six teenth Congress, and was unanimously re-elected to the Seventeenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1817, to March 3, 1823. Jones, Prank, was born at Barrington, New Hampshire, September 15, 1832; removed to Ports mouth in 1849, and has since been engaged in mer cantile pursuits and in brewing; was elected mayor of Portsmouth in 1868, and re-elected in 1869; and was elected a representative from New Hampshire in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 13,967 votes against 13,631 votes for Charles S. Whitehouse, Republican, and 336 scattering; and was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 13,925 votes against 13,885 votes for Gilman Marston, Republican, serving from December 6, 1875. Jones, George, was appointed a United-States senator from Georgia (in place of Abraham Baldwin, deceased), serving from October 26, 1807, to Decem ber 9, 1807, when his successor took his seat. Jones, George "W., was born at Vincennes, In diana; received a classical education, graduating at Transylvania University, Kentucky, in 1825 ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, but was prevented by feeble health from practising; was clerk of the United- States courts in Missouri in 1826 ; served as an aide-de camp to General Henry Dodge in the Black Hawk war; removed to Wisconsin Territory, and settled at Sinsinav, - a Mound; was judge of the County Court; was colonel and subsequently major-general of mili tia; was elected a delegate from Wisconsin Territory in the Twenty-fourth Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty-fifth Congress, serving from December 7, 1835, to 1837, when his seat was suc cessfully contested by James Duane Doty, Whig; was appointed surveyor-general of the North-west Territory by President Van Buren ; was removed by President Harrison, and was re-appointed by Presi dent Polk ; was elected a United-States senator from Iowa, and re-elected, serving from December 26, 474 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. 1848, to March 3, 1859 ; was minister resident to the United States of Colombia March 8, 1859-Novem- ber 4, 18G1 ; on his return to the United States he was charged with disloyalty, and was imprisoned in Fort Warren ; resided at Dubuque ; became interest ed in agriculture, and purchased a farm. Jones, George W., was born in King and Queen County, Virginia, March 15, 1800 ; was taken by his parents to Tennessee, and was apprenticed to learn the saddler s trade at Fayetteville, where he afterwards resided; received a public-school and an academical education; was a justice of the peace 1832-1835; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1835-1839, and of the State Senate 1S39-1840; was defeated as a candidate for presi dential elector on the Van Burcu ticket in 1840; served as clerk of the County Court by appointment, and afterwards by election ; was elected a representa tive from Tennessee in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 5,111 votes against 2,941 votes for M. A. Long, Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty-ninth, Thirtieth, Thirty-first, Thirty- second, and Thirty-third Congresses without any op position ; was re-elected to the Thirty-fourth Con gress, receiving 8,C65 votes against 4,245 votes for P. Gordon, American ; was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress without opposition, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1859; was a delegate from Ten nessee to the Peace Congress of 1800, but did not attend ; was a representative from Tennessee in the First Confederate Congress, serving from February 18, 1862, to February 18, 18G4; was not a candidate for re-election ; was a delegate to the State Constitu tional Convention of 1870 ; was appointed a member of the Board of Trustees for the Tennessee Hospital for the Insane in 1871, and was re-appointed in 1877. Jones, Isaac D., was born in Maryland; re ceived an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised in Princess Anne County ; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Twenty-seventh Congress as a Whig, receiv ing 3 majority over Cottman, Whig, and serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1843; was elected attorney- general of Maryland in 1803. Jones, James, was born in Maryland, and ac companied his parents to Georgia when a lad ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice at Savannah ; was for several years a member of the State House of Representatives; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Sixth Congress, serving from December 2, 1799, to January 13, 1801, when he died at Washington City. Jones, James, was born in Amelia County, Vir ginia; resided at Hendersonville ; was elected a rep resentative from Virginia in the Sixteenth Congress, defeating John Pegram ; was re-elected to the Seven teenth Congress, serving from December 6, 1819, to March 3, 1823. Jones, James C., was born in Wilson County, Tennessee, June 8, 1809; received a public-school education; devoted himself to agricultural pursuits ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1839; was defeated as a candidate for presidential elector on the Van Buren ticket in 1840; was gov ernor of Tennessee 1841-1845; was a presidential elector on the Taylor electoral ticket in 1848; was elected a United-States senator from Tennessee as a Whig, sen-ing from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1857 ; resided at Memphis, Tennessee, where he died October 29, 1859. Jones, James Taylor, was born at Richmond, Virginia, in 1832; was taken in 1834 to Marengo County, Alabama, where he subsequently resided; received a classical education at Princeton College; studied law, and graduated in the law-school of the University of Virginia; enlisted in April, 1SG1, in the Confederate service as a private in the Fourth Alabama Regiment, and was promoted to be captain of his company in 1802; was a delegate in 1865 to the State Constitutional Convention ; was elected a rep resentative from Alabama in the Forty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 10,582 votes against 8,771 votes for F. C. Bromberg, Republican, serving from October 15, 1877. Jones, John Glancy, was born on Conestoga River, Pennsylvania, October 7, 1811; received a liberal education; studied theology, and then law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Reading, Pennsylvania; was deputy-attorney-general of Penn sylvania; was elected a representative from Pennsyl vania in the Thirty-second Congress as a Democrat, receiving 5,277 votes against 4,847 votes for Keim, Whig, serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1853; was again elected to the Thirty-third Congress (in place of Henry W. Muhlenberg, deceased); was re-elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress, receiving 8,152 votes against 5,486 votes for Myers, Whig; was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving 9,951 votes against 3,947 votes for Yodcr, Republican, sen- ing from February 13, 1854, to October 30, 1858, when he resigned ; was minister resident November 1, 1858, and envoy extraordinary and minister plenipotentiary to Austria December 15, 1858, sending to November 14, 1801 ; died at Reading, Pennsylvania, March 24, 1877. Jones, John J., was born in Burke County, Georgia, November 13, 1824; received a classical education, graduating at Emory College ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar in 1848, and commenced practice ; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Democrat, receiv ing 4,912 votes against 4,507 votes for Wright, Oppo sition, serving from December 5, 1859, to January 23, 1801, when he retired from the House. Jones, John P., was born at Hay, in Wales, in 1830, and came with his parents to this country when he was less than a year old, settling in the northern part of Ohio, where he attended public school in Cleveland for a few years ; in the early part of the California excitement he went to that State, and engaged in fanning and mining in one of the in land counties, which he subsequently represented in both Houses of the State Assembly ; went to Nevada in 1860, and became engaged in the development of the mineral resources of that State ; was elected United- States senator from Nevada as a Republican (to suc ceed J. W. Nye, Republican), and took his seat March 4, 1873. His term of service will expire March 3, 1879. Jones, John S., was born in Champaign Coun ty, Ohio, February 12, 1835; graduated in the scien tific course at the Ohio Wesleyaii University in 1855, and received the degree of M.A. pro honors from that institution in 1875; studied law with Powell and Vandermann, and was admitted to the bar June 15, 1857; was elected prosecuting-attorney for Delaware County in I860; resigned, and enlisted as a private in Company C, Fourth Ohio Infantry, April 16, 1861 ; was soon after elected first lieutenant ; was re-com missioned first lieutenant in the three-years service June 4, 1861; was promoted captain September 5, 1862 ; was mustered out at the expiration of the term of service of his regiment June 21, 1864; was nom inated by acclamation for the State legislature in 1864, but resigned to accept the command of the One Hundred and Seventy-fourth Ohio Infantry Septem ber 21, 1864; was commissioned brigadier-general by brevet June 27, 1865, for "gallant and meritorious conduct during the war," and was mustered out with his command July 7, 1865 ; resumed the practice of law ; was elected mayor of Delaware by unani mous vote in April, 1860; was elected prosecuting- attorney of Delaware County for three successive terms, serving 1866-1872, when he declined a re election; was a member of the board of managers of the Ohio Soldiers and Sailors Orphans Home 1870- 1874; was a trustee of the Wesleyan Female College at Delaware 1805-1875; was a presidental elector on the Grant and Wilson ticket in 1872; and was elected a representative from Ohio in the Forty-fifth STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 475 Congress as a Eepublican, receiving 15,968 votes against 15,175 votes for Early F. Poppleton, Demo crat, and 308 votes for Levi S. Benson, Prohibition ist, serving from October 15, 1877. Jones, John "W., was born at Chesterfield, Vir ginia; received a classical education, graduating at William and Mary College in 1803; resided at Peters burg; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Twenty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, defeat ing W. S. Archer, anti- Jackson, by 254 majority; was re-elected to the Twenty-fifth, Twenty-sixth, Twenty-seventh, and Twenty-eighth Congresses, re ceiving at the last election 30 majority over J. M. Botts, Whig (who unsuccessfully contested the seat), serving from December 7, 1835, to March 3, 1845, when he declined a re-election; was speaker of the House in the Twenty-eighth Congress ; died January 29, 1848. Jones, John W., was born in Montgomery County, Maryland, April 14, 1800 ; was taken when a lad by his parents to Kentucky; received an aca demical education; studied medicine at the Pennsyl vania Academy, and received the degree of doctor of medicine from Jefferson College; practised at Griflin, Georgia; was a zealous Free-Mason; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Thirtieth Congress as a Whig, receiving 4,083 votes against 3,904 votes for Towns, Democrat, serving from De cember 0, 1847, to March 3, 1849; removed to Ala bama, where he engaged in planting, but returned to Georgia, where he was appointed a medical professor in the State Medical College. Jones, Joseph, was born in Virginia, and rep resented that State in the Continental Congress 1777 -1778, and was again elected 1780-1783. Jones, Morgan, was born at New York Febru ary 26, 1832 ; was educated at the St. James Church school ; was apprenticed to a machinist, and subse quently became a plumber; was a member cf the city council 1858-1862; was a member of the board of aldermen 1863-1864; was elected a representa tive from New York in the Thirty-ninth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 9,605 votes against 5,512 votes for William Walsh, Democrat, and C. O B. Bryant, Republican, serving from December 4, 1865, to March 3, 18(57. Jones, Nathaniel, was born in Orange County, New York; received a common-school education; studied surveying and civil engineering ; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1827 and 1828; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, and was re- elected to the Twenty-sixth Congress, receiving 4,184 votes against 3,978 votes for Thomas McKissock, Whig, serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1841 ; was a State canal commissioner November 4, 1844-December 31, 1847; was a State senator 1852- 1853; died of asthma at Newburg, New York, July 21, 1866. Jones, Noble Wimberly, was born near Lon don, England, in 1724; immigrated to Savannah, Georgia, with his father, with whom he studied medicine and was associated in practice 1748-1756; was active in civil and military pre-Revolutionary movements ; was a member of the Colonial Assembly, and of the subsequent State House of Representa tives ; was a delegate from Georgia to the Continen tal Congress 1775-1786 ; lost a son at the capture of Savannah in 1778; was himself made prisoner at the fall of Charleston in 1780, and carried to St. Augus tine, where he was imprisoned; was exchanged in July, 1781 ; was again a delegate from Georgia to the Continental Congress 1781-1783 ; practised in Charles ton, December, 1783-Deccmber, 1788; returned to Savannah ; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention in 1795, and its president ; died at Savan nah, Georgia, January 9, 1805. Jones, Owen, was born in Pennsylvania; re ceived a classical education; studied law; was ad mitted to the bar, and practised at Philadelphia; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 9,674 votes against 7,961 votes for Mulrany, Repub lican, serving from December 7, 1857, to March 3, 1859 ; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving 7,209 votes against 9,701 votes for John Wood, Unionist. Jones, Roland, was born in North Carolina; removed to Louisiana, and settled at Shreveport; was elected a representative from Louisiana in the Thirty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 7,494 votes against 5,695 votes for Smith, Whig, serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855. Jones, Seaborn, was born at Augusta, Georgia, in 1788; received a classical education, which was completed at Princeton College; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1808 by special act of the legis lature, he being under age; commenced practice at Columbus; was made solicitor-general of Georgia in 1823; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Twenty-third Congress as a Democrat on a gen eral ticket, receiving 21,686 votes against 15,830 votes for Larnar, State-rights, serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1835; was again elected to the Twenty-ninth Congress, serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1847 ; died at Columbus, Georgia, in 1874. Jones, Thomas Laurens, was born in Ruther ford County, North Carolina, January 22, 1819; grad uated in the Preparatory School at Columbia, South Carolina, and at Princeton College, New Jersey; re ceived the degree of bachelor of laws in the law- school of Harvard University; passed ten years in European travel, and on his return in 1846 was ad mitted to the bar at Charleston, South Carolina; commenced practice at New- York City in 1847; re moved to Newport, Kentucky, and has since prac tised there; was a member of the General Assembly of Kentucky in 1853 and 1854 ; was a representative from Kentucky in the Fortieth Congress as a Demo crat, receiving 9,488 votes against 3,839 votes for W. S. Rankin, Republican ; was re-elected to the Forty- first Congress, receiving 14,082 votes against 6,120 votes for Root, Republican, serving from December 4, 1867, to March 3, 1871; was again elected to the Forty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 7,208 votes against 4,141 votes for Hogan, Republican, serving from December 6, 1875, to March 3, 1877. Jones, "Walter (father of Walter Jones), was born in Virginia in 1745 ; received a classical educa tion, graduating at William and Mary College in 1760 ; studied medicine at Edinburgh, Scotland, where he received the degree of doctor in medicine ; returned to Virginia, and commenced practice in Northumber land County; was appointed by the Continental Con gress physician-general of the Middle Military De partment ; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Fifth Congress as a Democrat, serving from May 15, 1797, to March 3, 1799 ; w r as again elected to the Eighth Congress; was re-elected to the Ninth, Tenth, and Eleventh Congresses, serving from Octo ber 17, 1803, to March 3, 1811 ; died in Westmoreland County, Virginia, December 31, 1815. Jones, Wilie (brother of Allen Jones), was born in Halifax County, North Carolina; was president of the State Committee of Safety in 1775; was a member of the First Constitutional Convention in 1776; was a member of the House of Commons of North Carolina in 1776, 1777, and 1778 ; was a delegate to the Continental Congress 1780-1781 ; was elected to the United-States Constitutional Convention in 1787, but declined ; was a member of the State Con vention called to ratify the Constitution of the Unit ed States July 21, 1788; removed to the vicinity of Raleigh, where he died. Jones, William, was born at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, in 1760; received a classical education; joined a volunteer company when sixteen years of age, and participated in the battles of Trenton and Princeton; entered the Continental naval service 476 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. under Commodore Truxton, and served gallantly; removed to Charleston, South Carolina, where he resided 1790-1793 ; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Seventh Congress as a Demo crat, serving from December 7, 1801, to March 3, 1803 ; was secretary of the navy January 12, 1813-Decem- ber 7, 1814; was president of the United-States Bank; was collector of customs at the port of Philadelphia; died at Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, September 5, 1831. He published " Winter Navigation of the Dela ware " 1822. Jones, William T., was born at Con-don, Indi ana, February 20, 1 842 ; received an academic educa tion, and afterward studied at the Miami University, Oxford, Ohio; studied law; served in the Union army as lieutenant, captain, and major of the Seven teenth Indiana Volunteers ; was presidential elector for the Second District of Indiana in 1868 ; was ap pointed associate justice of the Supreme Court of Wyoming April 6, 1869; and was elected a delegate from Wyoming to the Forty-second Congress as a Republican, receiving a majority of 227 votes over Colonel Wanless, Democrat. Jorgenson, Joseph, was born at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, February 11, 1844; graduated at the medical department of the University of Pennsyl vania; was assistant surgeon United-States army 1865-1868; was elected to the legislature of Virginia from Prince Edward County in November, 1871 ; was appointed postmaster of Petersburg; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Forty-fifth Con gress as a Republican, receiving 13,896 votes against 12,492 votes for W. E. Hinton, jun., Democrat, serv ing from October 15, 1877. Joyce, Charles H., was born near Andover, England, January 30, 1830 ; was educated at Waits- field Academy and Newbury Seminary ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Rutland, Vermont ; was two years State librarian, and two years district-attorney for Washington County ; served in the Union army as major and lieutenant- colonel of the Second Vermont Volunteers; was a member of the House of Representatives in 1869, 1870, and 1871, and was speaker of the House in 1870 and 1871; was elected a representative from Ver mont in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Republican, receiving 9,638 votes against 2,597 votes for Heaton, Democrat, and 1,635 votes for Charles W. Willard, Independent Republican; and was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 14,496 votes against 7,057 votes for Childs, Democrat, and 18 votes scat tering, serving from December 6, 1875. Judd, Norman B., was born at Rome, New York, January 10, 1815 ; studied law there, and was admitted to the bar; removed to Chicago in 1836, and commenced the practice of his profession ; held several municipal offices; was a member of the State Senate of Illinois for sixteen consecutive years, his first term commencing in 1844, and last ending in 1860; was minister plenipotentiary to Prussia from 1861 until 1865; was elected a representative from Illinois in the Fortieth Congress as a Republican, receiving 15,247 votes against 5,667 votes for Wal lace, Democrat ; and was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress, receiving 27,414 votes against 19,233 votes for VVallace, Democrat, serving from March 4, 1867, to March 3, 1871 ; was appointed collector of customs at the port of Chicago by President Grant. Judson, Andrew T., was born at Eastford, Con necticut, November 29, 1784; received a public-school education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1806, and commenced practice at Montpelier, Ver mont; returned to Connecticut, and in 1809 settled at Canterbury; was State s attorney for Windham County 1819-1833; was several times respectively a member of the State Senate and House of Represen tatives ; was elected a representative from Connecti cut in the Twenty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 7, 1835, to July 1, 1837, when he resigned to accept the position of United-States district-judge for the district of Connecticut (suc ceeding William Bristol, deceased), and occupied" the position until his death at Canterbury, Connecticut, March 17, 1853. Julian, George W., was born near Centreville, Indiana, May 5, 1817; received a common-school education, and was a teacher more than three years ; studied law, and practised nearly twenty years ; was a member of the State legislature of Indiana in 1845 ; was a candidate for Vice-President on the Free-soil ticket with John P. Hale in 1852; was a delegate to the First National Republican Convention, held at Pittsburg in February, 1856, where he served ae a vice- president and as chairman of the committee on organ ization; was elected a representative from Indiana in the Thirty-first Congress as a Republican, receiv ing 4,737 votes against 4,583 votes for Parker, Whig, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1851 ; was again elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress, re ceiving 12,237 votes against 7,501 votes for Bickle, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-eighth Con gress, receiving 9,272 votes against 7,414 votes for Johnson, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty- ninth Congress, receiving 13,529 votes against 6,161 votes for James Brown, Democrat; was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, receiving 13,416 votes against 7,188 votes for Bundy, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress from his new district, given above, as a Republican, receiving 13,413 votes against 13,297 votes for Reid, Democrat, serving from July 4, 1861, to March 3, 1871. Junkin, Benjamin F., was born in Cumber land County, Pennsylvania, November 12, 1822; re ceived a classical education, graduating at Fayette College; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1844, and commenced practice at Bloomfield; was district-attorney from Perry County 1850-1853; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Republican, receiving 8,646 votes against 8,600 votes for Fisher, Democrat, serving from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 1861 ; was defeated as the Republican candidate for the Thirty-seventh Congress, receiving 11,712 votes against 12,069 votes for Joseph Bailey, War Demo crat. Kalbfleisch, Martin, was born at Flushing, Netherlands, February 6, 1804; received a public- school education ; studied chemistry; immigrated to the United States, and located at New-York City ; was health-warden in 1832, and school-trustee in 1836; removed to Bush wick, where he was super visor 1852-1854; was president of a commission for consolidating Bushwick and Williainsburg with Brooklyn in 1854; was an alderman of Brooklyn 1855-1861 ; was mayor of Brooklyn 1861-1862 ; was elected a representative from New York in the Thir ty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 10,586 votes against 5,381 votes for Wall, Republican, serv ing from December 7, 1863, to March 3, 1865 ; was a delegate to the National Union Convention of 1866 ; was again mayor of Brooklyn 1867-1868; died at Brooklyn February 12, 1873. Kane, Elias KL., was born in New York June 7, 1796; received a public-school education; studied law; was admitted to the bar; commenced practice at Nashville, Tennessee, and subsequently located at Kaskaskia, Illinois Territory, in 1815; was a delegate to the convention that framed a State Constitution for Illinois; was the first State secretary of state; was a member of the State House of Representatives ; was elected a United-States senator from Illinois as a Jackson Democrat, and was re-elected, serving from December 5, 1825, to December 11, 1835, when he died at Washington City. K.asson, John A., was born near Burlington, Vermont, January 11, 1822 ; received a classical edu cation, graduating at the University of Vermont in 1842; studied law in Massachusetts; removed to St. Louis, Missouri, where he practised until 1857, when he removed to Des Moines, Iowa; was State STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 477 director in the organization for the State Bank of Iowa in 1858 ; was State commissioner to investi gate and report on the condition of the executive department of Iowa in 1859; was chairman of the Republican State Committee in 1858-1860; was a delegate to the Republican Convention at Chicago in 1800; was first assistant postmaster-general in Presi dent Lincoln s administration in 1861, and resigned in the fall of 1862 to accept a candidacy for Congress; was United-States commissioner to the International Postal Congress at Paris in 1863 ; was elected a rep resentative from Iowa in the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Republican, receiving 10,306 votes against 7,346 votes for Finch, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiving 13,640 votes against 7,108 votes for M. D. McHenry, Democrat, serving from December 7, 1863, to March 3, 1867 ; was com missioner in 1867 from the United States to nego tiate postal conventions with Great Britain, France, Belgium, Holland, Germany, Switzerland, and Italy; signed conventions with all except France; Avas a member of the State House of Representatives 1868- 1873 ; was again elected to the Forty-third Congress, receiving 14,909 votes against 7,702 votes for O. L. Palmer, Liberal and Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Congress, receiving 12,274 votes against 9,973 votes for Whitman, anti-Monopolist, serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1877; was ap pointed by President Hayes in 1877 minister to Austria. Kaufman, David S., was born at Boiling Springs, Pennsylvania, December 18, 1813 ; received a classical education, graduating at Princeton Col lege in 1833; studied law at Natchez, Mississippi, with General Quitmaii ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Natchitoches, Louisiana ; re moved in 1837 to Nacogdoches, Texas; distinguished himself in the campaigns of Texas volunteers against the Indians; was a representative in the Texas House of Representatives 1839-1843 ; was a member of the Texan Senate 1843-1845 ; was appointed charge d affaires of Texas in the United States, but the an nexation of Texas vacated his office ; was elected a representative from Texas in the Twenty-ninth Con gress, receiving 940 majority over his six co mpetitors ; was re-elected to the Thirtieth and Thirty-first Con gresses without opposition, serving from June 1, 1846, to January 31, 1851, when he died very sud denly at "Washington City. Kavanagh, Edward, was born April 27, 1795 ; received an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Dam- ariscotta, Maine ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1826 and 1828; was secretary of the State Senate in 1830; was elected a representa tive from Maine in the Twenty-second Congress as a Jackson Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty- third Congress, serving from December 5, 1831, to March 3, 1835; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Twenty-fourth Congress by Jere miah Bailey, Whig ; was charge d affaires to Portugal March 3, 1835-June 28, 1841 ; was a member of the joint commission for establishing the North-eastern boundary in 1842; was acting governor of Maine after the election of Governor Fairfield to the United- States Senate 1843-1844; died at New Castle, Maine, January 20, 1844. Kean, John, was a delegate from South Caro lina to the Continental Congress 1785-1787. Kearney, Dyre, was a delegate from Delaware to the Continental Congress 1786-1788. Keese, Richard, was born at Peru, New York, November 23, 1794; received a public-school educa tion ; founded the town of Keeseville ; was elected a representative from New York in the Twentieth Congress as a Jackson Democrat, serving from De cember 3, 1827, to March 3, 1829 ; removed to Penn sylvania. Kehr, Edward C., was born of German parent age in the county of St. Louis, Missouri, Novem ber 5, 1837 ; received an academic education ; studied law; was admitted to the bar February 18, 1858, in St. Louis, and practised there; was elected a rep resentative from Missouri in the Forty-fourth Con gress as a Democrat, receiving 5,871 votes against 5,693 votes for Edwin O. Stanard, Republican, serv ing from December 6, 1875, to March 3, 1877; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Forty- fifth Congress, receiving 6,824 votes against 7,043 votes for Anthony Ittner, Republican. Keifer, Joseph Warren, was born in Clark County, Ohio, January 30, 1836; was reared on a farm, and educated in. common schools and at An- tioch College; commenced the study of law at Springfield in 1856; was admitted to the bar January 12, 1858, and commenced practice at Springfield, con tinuing it until April 19, 1861, when he enlisted in the Union army; was commissioned major of the Third Ohio Volunteer Infantry April 27, 1861 ; was promoted lieutenant-colonel of the same regiment February 12, 1862; was appointed colonel of the One Hundred and Tenth Ohio Volunteer Infantry September 30, 1862; was appointed brigadier-gen eral by brevet November 30, 1864; was appointed, July 1, 1865, major-general of volunteers by brevet; was mustered out of service June 27, 1865 (having been in the army four years and two months, and four times wounded) ; resumed practice at Springfield in July, 1865 ; was appointed lieutenant-colonel of the Twenty-sixth United-States Infantry November 30, 1866, but declined; was a member of the State Senate 1868-1869 ; was commander of the Department of the Ohio, Grand Army of the Republic, 1868-1870; and was elected vice-commander-in-chief of that organi zation May 8, 1872 ; was appointed trustee of the Ohio Soldiers and Sailors Orphans Home April 16, 1870; was a delegate to the National Republican Conven tion 1870 ; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Forty-fifth Congress as a Republican, receiving 17,728 votes against 14,012 votes for George Arthur, Democrat, and 183 votes for William Pollard, Prohi bitionist, and serving from October 15, 1877. Keightley, Edwin William, was born in Van Buren Township, La Grange County, Indiana, August 7, 1843; received a common-school educa tion, and for one year was a student at the Valpa raiso Collegiate Institute; entered the law-depart ment of the University of Michigan ; graduated in March, 1865, and commenced practice in St. Joseph s County; Michigan; was elected in 1872 prosecuting- attorney of the county for two years, commencing January 1, 1873; was appointed judge of the Fif teenth Judicial Circuit of Michigan to fill a vacancy; in April, 1875, was nominated by both parties, and elected circuit-judge of the Fifteenth Judicial Dis trict for the term of six years, beginning May 1, 1876; was elected a representative from Michigan in the Forty-fifth Congress as a Republican, receiving 18,716 votes against 16,330 votes for Henry Chamber lain, Democrat and Greenback, and serving from October 15, 1877. Keim, George May, was born at Reading, Pennsylvania, March 23, 1805; received a classical education, which was finished at Princeton College ; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1826, and commenced practice at Reading; became promi nently connected with the Free-Masons, and major- general in the militia ; was for many years cashier of the Farmers Bank at Reading; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention in 1837; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-fifth Congress (in place of Henry A. Muhlen- berg, resigned to accept the Austrian mission) as a Democrat without opposition ; was re-elected to the Twenty-sixth Congress, and was re-elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress, serving from March 17, 1838, to March 3, 1843 ; was appointed by President Taylor in 1843 United-States marshal for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania, and was re-appointed by President Polk; was defeated as a candidate for 478 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. presidential elector on the Democratic ticket in 1860; was active in raising men for the Union army after hostilities were commenced in 18C1 ; was stricken with paralysis while drilling a company of home guards, of which he was captain, and died five days afterwards, June 10, 1861, at Reading, Pennsyl vania. Keim, William High, was born near Reading, Pennsylvania, June 13, 1813; received an academical education at the Mount-Airy Military School; was prominently connected with the State militia, attain ing the rank of major-general ; was mayor of Read ing in 1848; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-fifth Congress (in place of J. Glancy Jones, resigned) as a Democrat, serving from December 7, 1858, to March 3. 1859; was sur veyor-general of the State of Pennsylvania ; entered the Union army in 1861, and was placed in command of a division on the Upper Potomac ; was appointed brigadier-general of volunteers; served in the ad vance upon Richmond on the peninsula; contracted a typhoid-fever; died at Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, May 18, 1862. Keitt, Lawrence M., was born in Orange- burg District, South Carolina, October 4, 1824; re ceived a classical education, graduating at South- Carolina College in 1843; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1845, and commenced practice at Orangeburg Court House; was elected a represen tative from South Carolina in the Thirty-third Congress as a State-rights Democrat, receiving 456 majority over W. A. Owens, State-rights Whig; was re-elected to the Thirty-fourth, Thirty-fifth, and Thirty-sixth Congresses without opposition, serving from December 5, 1853, until he with drew in December, 1860, having been elected a delegate to the Secession Convention of South Carolina; was a deputy to the Provisional Con gress of the Confederate States which assembled at Montgomery in February, 1801, and at Richmond in July, 1861; raised the Twentieth South-Carolina Volunteers, and was commissioned its colonel Janu ary 11, 1862; was wounded in the Confederate attack at Cold Harbor, and died the next day, June 2, 1864, at Richmond, Virginia. Kelley, William D., was born at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, April 12, 1814; .received a thorough English education; was reader in a printing-office, and afterwards an apprentice in a jewelry establish ment; removed to Boston, where he worked five years as a journeyman jeweller; returned to Philadelphia, where he studied and practised law, devoting him self also to literary pursuits ; was twice prosecuting- attorney for the city and county of Philadelphia, and for ten years judge of the Court of Common Pleas of Philadelphia; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-seventh Congress as a Republican, receiving 11,568 votes against 10,195 votes for Morgan, Democrat, and 1,715 votes for Robinson, Unionist; was re-elected to the Thirty- eighth Congress, receiving 8,946 votes against 8,118 votes for Nicholson, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-ninthjCongress, receiving 13,088 votes against 9,344 votes for Northrup, Republican ; was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, receiving 14,551 votes against 12,120 votes for McGrath, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress, receiving 17,107 votes against 15,248 votes for Nicholson, Democrat ; was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress, receiv ing 14,324 votes against 11,622 votes for W. B. Thomas, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty- third Congress, receiving 20,955 votes against 13,301 votes for W. B. Mitchell, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Congress, receiving 12,436 votes against 9,049 votes for McGrath, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 18,820 votes against 12,432 votes for John T. School, Democrat, serving from July 4, 1861. Kellogg, Charles, was born in Berkshire Coun ty, Massachusetts; received a public-school educa tion; removed to Cayuga County, New York; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1808- 1810 and 1820-1822; was elected a representative from New York in the Nineteenth Congress, serving from December 5, 1825, to March 3, 1827. Kellogg, Francis W., was born at Worthing- ton, Massachusetts. May 30, 1810; received a public- school education ; removed to Michigan, and settled at Grand Rapids, where he engaged in lumbering; was a member of the State House of Representa tives in 1856 and 1857; was elected a representative from Michigan in the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Republican, receiving 21,950 votes against 17,438 votes for Church, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress, receiving 29,042 votes against 19,970 votes for Church, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, receiving 10,013 votes against 7,308 votes for Church, Demo crat, serving from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 1865; was appointed by President Johnson collector of internal revenue for the Southern District of Ala bama; resided at Mobile; was elected a representative from Alabama in the Fortieth Congress as a Repub lican, serving from July 22, 1868, to March 3, 1869. Kellogg, Orlando, was born at Elizabeth town, New York, June 18, 1809; received an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1838, and commenced practice at Elizabethtown ; was surrogate of Essex County 1840-1844; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirtieth Con gress as a Republican, serving from December 6, 1847, to March 3, 1849 ; was again elected to the Thirty- eighth Congress, receiving 7,654 votes against 6,987 votes for Burhans, Democrat, serving from Decem ber 7, 1863, to March 3, 1865; was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, but died, before taking his seat, at Elizabethtown, Aiigust 24, 1865. Kellogg, Stephen W., was bom at Shelburne, Massachusetts, April 5, 1822 ; graduated at Yale Col lege in 1846; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and has since practised atWaterbury; was clerk of the State Senate of Connecticut in 1851 ; was a mem ber of the State Senate in 1853, and of the State House of Representatives in 1856 ; was judge of the New-Haven County Court in 1854; was elected judge of probate in 1854, and held the office six years; was a delegate to the National Republican Conventions of 1860 and 1868, and was elected a representative from Connecticut in the Forty-first Congress as a Re publican, receiving 13,012 votes against 12,678 votes for Babcock, Democrat ; was re-elected to the Forty- second Congress, receiving 19,306 votes against 13,757 votes for Kendrick, Democrat ; was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress, receiving 12,777 votes against 12,180 votes for English, Democrat, and 510 votes for Caleff, Prohibitionist, serving from April 9, 1869, to March 3, 1875 ; was defeated as the Republican can didate for the Forty-third Congress, receiving 13,844 votes against 15,440 votes for James Phelps, Demo crat, and 559 votes for Harrington, Prohibitionist; was defeated as the Republican candidate for the Forty-fourth Congress, receiving 16,777 votes against 19,500 votes for James Phelps, Democrat, and 2G8 votes for Cummings. Prohibitionist. Kellogg, Wuliam, was born in Ashtabula County, Ohio, July 8, 1814; received a public-school education ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Canton ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1849 and 1850 ; was judge of the State Circuit Court 1852-1855; was elected a representative from Illinois in the Thirty- fifth Congress as a Republican, receiving 16,175 votes against 14,474 votes for Davidson, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving 19,487 votes against 10,800 votes for Davidson, Demo crat ; and was re-elected to the Thirty-seventh Con gress, receiving 25,666 votes against 20,997 votes for Ingersoll, Democrat, serving from December 7, 1857, to March 3, 1863; was appointed by President Lin coln minister resident at Guatemala April 21, 1864, STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 479 but declined serving; was appointed by President Johnson chief justice of Nebraska Territory in 1866. Kellogg, William Pitt, was born December 8, 1830, in Vermont ; was educated at Norwich Uni versity ; removed to Illinois in 1848 ; studied law at Peoria, Illinois, and was admitted to the bar in 1853, commencing practice in Fulton County; in 1860 served as presidential elector on the Lincoln ticket ; was appointed chief justice of Nebraska by Mr. Lin coln in 1801 ; resigned, and accepted the colonelcy of the Seventh Illinois Cavalry ; served under General Pope in Missouri, and commanded General Granger s cavalry brigade until the evacuation of Corinth ; was, in April, 1865, appointed collector of the port of New Orleans, his commission being signed by Mr. Lin coln on the afternoon before the evening on which he was assassinated ; was elected United-States sena tor from Louisiana in July, 1868, as a Republican, serving from July 17, 1868, to November 1, 1872, when he resigned ; was governor of Louisiana from January 5, 1873, to January 5, 1877; was again elected to the United-States Senate, and was ad mitted to his seat December 1, 1877. His term of service will expire March 3, 1883. Kelly, James, was born in Pennsylvania; re ceived a classical education; studied law; was ad mitted to the bar, and practised; was elected a representative in Congress from the State of Penn sylvania in the Ninth Congress, and was re-elected to the Tenth Congress, serving from December 2, 1805, to March 3, 1809; died at Philadelphia Febru ary^, 1819. Kelly, James K., was born in Centre County, Pennsylvania, February 16, 1819 ; graduated at Princeton College, New Jersey, in 1839 ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in Pennsylvania in 1842 ; went to California in 1849, and from thence to the Territory of Oregon in 1851; was elected by the Legislative Assembly of Oregon in 1852 one of three commissioners to prepare a code of laws for that Territory ; was a member of the Legislative Council from 1853 to 1857; in 1855 he was chosen lieutenant- colonel of the First Regiment of Oregon Mounted Volunteers, and in that capacity was engaged in the Yakima Indian war in 1855 and 1856 ; was elected a member of the convention which framed the Consti tution of Oregon in 1857 ; was a senator in the Legis lative Assembly of Oregon from 1860 to 1864; was appointed by President Buchanan United-States dis trict-attorney for Oregon in 1860, but declined to accept the appointment; he was elected United- States senator from Oregon as a Democrat (to succeed G. H. Williams, Republican), serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1877. Kelly, John, was born at New York April 21, 1821; received a public-school education; learned the mason s trade, and worked at it; was for two years an alderman; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 3,068 votes against 3,047 votes for Walsh, Democrat, and 1,594 votes for Bryce, American; and was re-elected to the Thirty-iifth Congress, receiving 8,319 votes against 1,735 votes for Gould, American, and 1,497 votes for Ryckman, Republican, serving from December 3, 1855, to De cember 25, 1858, when he resigned, having been elected high sheriff of the city and county of New York; was a delegate to the National Democratic Conventions in 1864, 1868, 1872, and 1876. Kelly, W^illiam, was born in Tennessee ; re ceived a classical education; studied law; was ad mitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Huiits- ville, Alabama; was elected a United-States senator from Alabama as a Jackson Democrat (in place of John W. Walker, resigned), serving from January 21, 1823, to March 3, 1825; removed to Louisiana, where he died. Kelsey, William H., was born at Smyrna, New York, October 2, 1812; studied and practised law ; was appointed surrogate of Livingston County in February, 1840; was elected district-attorney of Livingston County in 1850 ; was elected a represen tative from New York in the Thirty-fourth Congress as a Whig, receiving 11,061 votes against 4,450 votes for Hastings, Democrat, and 119 votes for Gibbs, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Con gress, receiving 10,509 votes against 4,266 votes for Angell, Democrat, and 4,895 votes for Hallet, Ameri can, serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1859 ; was again elected to the Fortieth Congress as a Republican, receiving 12,637 votes against 8,334 votes for Chesebro, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress, receiving 17,234 votes against 12,743 votes for Ross, Democrat, serving from March 4, 1867, to March 3. 1871. Kelso, John K., was born in Franklin County, Ohio, March 21, 1831; received a classical education, graduating at Pleasant-Ridge College, Missouri; was the principal of an academy in Missouri; served through the war in the Union Army as lieutenant and captain ; was elected a representative from Mis souri in the Thirty-ninth Congress as an Independ ent Radical, receiving 3,841 votes against 3,548 votes for S. H. Boyd, Radical, and 400 votes for M. J. Hubble, Democrat, and serving from December 4, 1865, to March 3, 1867. Kemble, Gouverneur, was born at New York in 1780; received an English education, and engaged in mercantile pursuits; was appointed by President Monroe consul at Cadiz, and while there studied the process of casting cannon; on his return he estab lished a cannon-foundery at Cold Springs, opposite West Point, where cannon were for the first time cast in this country with any degree of perfection; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Democrat ; was re-elected to the Twenty-sixth Congress, receiving 4,986 votes against 4,203 votes for Joshua W. Bowron, Whig, serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1841 ; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Conven tion of 1846 ; died at Cold Springs, New York, Sep tember 2, 1875. Kempshall, Thomas, was born in England ; received a public-school education; immigrated to the United States, and was one of the first settlers at Rochester, New York ; held several local offices; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-sixth Congress as a Whig, receiving 5,476 votes against 4,441 votes for Henry R. Selden, Demo crat, serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1841; died at Rochester, New York, January 14, 1865. Kenan, Thomas, was born in Duplin County, North Carolina, in 1771 ; was a member of the House of Commons of North Carolina in 1799, and of the State Senate in 1804; was elected a representative in the Ninth Congress without opposition; was re- elected to the Tenth Congress, and was re-elected to the Eleventh Congress, serving from December 2, 1805, until March 3, 1811; removed to the vicinity of Selma, Alabama, where he was several times elected to the State legislature, and died October 22, 1843. Kendall, Charles West, was born at Sears- mont, Maine, April 22, 1828; was educated at Phil lips Academy, Massachusetts, and attended a partial course of studies at Yale College ; removed to the Pacific coast; studied law in Sacramento, California, and commenced practice ; was a member of the legislature of the State of California in 1861 and 1862; removed to Hamilton, Nevada; was elected a representative from Nevada in the Forty-second Congress as a Democrat, receiving 6,821 votes against 6,491 votes for T. Fitch, Republican; was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress, receiving 7,847 votes against 7,146 votes for C. C. Goodwin, Repub lican, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1875. Kendall, Jonas, was born at Worcester, Mas sachusetts, June 6, 1757; received an academical education; was a member of the State House of Representatives for several years from the town of 480 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Leominster; was elected a representative from Mas sachusetts in the Sixteenth Congress, serving from December 6, 1819, to March 3, 1821 ; died at Leomin ster, Massachusetts, October 29, 1844. Kendall, Joseph G., was born at Leominster, Massachusetts, in 1788; received a classical educa tion, graduating at Harvard College in 1810; was a tutor there 1812-1819; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Twenty-first Congress, and was re-elected to the Twenty-second Congress, serving from December 7, 1829, to March 2, 1833; was clerk of the courts of Worcester County; died at Worcester, Massachusetts, October 2, 1847. Kenna, John B., was born at Valcoulon, Vir ginia (now West Virginia), April 10, 1848; lived and worked on a farm; entered the Confederate army as a private soldier; was wounded in that service in 1864, and was surrendered at Shreveport, Louisiana, in 18G5; afterwards attended St. Vincent s College, Wheeling ; studied law with Miller and Quarrier at Charleston; was admitted to the bar June 20, 1870, and commenced practice; was elected prosecuting- attorney for Kanawha County on the Democratic ticket in 1872, and served until January 1, 1877; in 1875 was elected by the bar in the respective counties, under statutory provision, to hold the circuit courts of Lincoln and Wayne ; and was elected a representa tive from West Virginia in the Forty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 20,192 votes against 12,719 votes for B. J. Redmond, serving from October 15, 1877. Kennedy, Andrew, was born in Ohio in 1810; was apprenticed to a blacksmith; educated himself after he became of age; removed to Muncietown, Indiana; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised; was a member of the State Senate; was elected a representative from Indiana in the Twenty- seventh Congress as a Democrat ; was re-elected to the Twenty-eighth and Twenty-ninth Congresses, serv ing from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1847; died at Muncietown, Indiana, December 31, 1847. Kennedy, Anthony, was born at Baltimore, Maryland, in 1811; removed with his parents to Vir ginia in 1821; received a classical education, grad uating at Jefferson Academy, Charlestown, Virginia ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar, but did not practise; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1839-1843 ; was defeated as the Whig candidate to the Twenty-ninth Congress, receiving 2,746 votes against 3.053 votes for Henry Bedinger, Democrat; returned to Baltimore in 1850; was elect ed a United-States senator from Maryland as a Unionist, serving from March 4, 1857, to March 3, 1863. Kennedy, John P., was born at Baltimore, Maryland, October 25, 1795; received a classical education, graduating at Baltimore College in 1812; studied law with William Wirt; was admitted to the bar in 1816, and commenced practice at Baltimore ; served in the war with Great Britain, and was at the battles of Bladensburg and North Point; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1820 and 1822; was commissioned secretary of lega tion to Chili January 27, 1823, but resigned without going there; was defeated as the Whig candidate for the Twenty-fifth Congress by Isaac McKim, Demo crat, who received 232 majority ; was elected a repre sentative from Maryland in the Twenty-fifth Con gress (in place of Isaac McKim, deceased) as a Whig, receiving 7,153 votes against 6,952 votes for W. H. Mariott, Democrat, serving from April 30, 183S, to March 3, 1839 ; was defeated as the Whig candidate for the Twenty-sixth Congress, receiving 7,632 votes against 8,018 votes for James Carroll, Democrat; was a presidential elector on the Harrison ticket in 1840; was again elected to the Twenty-seventh Con gress, receiving 7,733 votes against 7,654 votes for Gallagher, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Twenty-eighth Congress, serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1845; was appointed secretary of the navy by President Fillmore, serving July 22, 1852- March 3, 1853 ; died at Newport, Rhode Island, August 18, 1870. He published "The Red Book" 1818-1819, " A Review of the Cambridge Free-Trade Report" 1830, " Report on United-States Commerce and Navigation" 1842, "Report on the Warehouse System" 1843, "Defence of the Whigs" 1844, "Swallow Barn" 1832, "Horse-Shoe Robinson" 1835, "Rob of the Bowl" 1838, "Quod Libet " 1840, "Memoirs of William Wirt" 1849, and many other political essays, historical sketches, and re views. His life was published by H. T. Tuckerman in 1871. Kennedy, William, was born in North Caro lina; studied and practised law; was elected a repre sentative from North Carolina in the Eighth Congress as a Federalist, serving from October 17,. 1803, to March 3, 1805; was again elected to the Eleventh Congress, serving from May 22, 1809, to March 3, 1811 ; was defeated as the Federal candidate for the Twelfth Congress by Thomas Blount, Democrat ; was again elected to the Twelfth Congress (in place of Thomas Blount, deceased); was re-elected to the Thirteenth Congress, serving from January 30, 1813, to March 2, 1815. Kennett, Luther M., was born at Falmouth, Kentucky, March 15, 1807; received an academical education ; was deputy-clerk of the Pendleton-county Court; studied law, and was admitted to the bar; removed to Missouri in 1825, and engaged in mercan tile pursuits, finally locating at St. Louis; was a member of the city council in 1842; was chairman of the Pacific Railroad Convention held at St. Louis in 1850, and a vice-president of the Pacific Railroad Company subsequently formed; was mayor of St. Louis 1850-1853; was president of the St. Louis and Iron-Mountain Railroad 1853; was elected a repre sentative from Missouri in the Thirty-fourth Con gress as an American, receiving 6,259 votes against 5,298 votes for Benton, Democrat, serving from De cember 3, 1855, to March 3, 1857; was defeated as the American candidate for the Thirty-fifth Con gress, receiving 5,549 votes against 6,035 votes for F. P. Blair, Free-toiler, and 2,181 votes for Reynolds, Democrat. Kennon, "William, was born in Pennsylvania; received a public-school education; removed to St. Clairsville, Ohio ; was a member of the State House of Representatives ; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Twenty-first Congress as a Jack son Democrat ; was re-elected to the Twenty-second Congress, serving from December 7, 1829, to March 2, 1833; was again elected to the Twenty-fourth Congress, serving from December 7, 1835, to March 3, 1837 ; was again elected to the Thirtieth Congress, serving from December 6, 1847, to March 3, 1849. Kent, Joseph, was born in Calvert County, Maryland, in 1779; received an academical educa tion; studied medicine, and was admitted to prac tice; also carried on a landed estate near Bladens burg ; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Twelfth Congress as a Federalist, defeating C. F. Mercer, Federalist; was re-elected to the Thirteenth Congress, serving from November 4, 1811, to March 2, 1815 ; was again elected to the Sixteenth Congress, and re-elected to the Seventeenth, Eighteenth, and Nineteenth Congresses, serving from December 6, 1819, to January 6, 1826, when he resigned, having been elected governor of Maryland, serving 1826- 1829 ; was elected a United-States senator from Mary land as a Whig, serving from December 2, 1833, to November 24, 1837, when he died at his home, near Bladensburg. Maryland. Kent, Moss, was born in Rensselaer County, New York ; studied law with his brother, Chancellor James Kent, and commenced practice at Le Rays- ville, Jefferson County; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1807 and in 1810; was elected a representative from New York in the Thir teenth Congress as a Federalist ; was re-elected to STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 481 the Fourteenth Congress, serving from May 24, 1813, to March 3, 1817; "was register of the State Court oi Chancery. Kenyon, William S., was born at Kingston, New York; received a public-school education; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Eepublican, receiving 8,100 votes against 8,007 votes for Strong, Democrat, serving from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 1801. Kernan, Francis, was born at Tyrone, New York, January 14, 1810; finished his education at Georgetown College, District of Columbia; studied law at Utica with Joshua II. Spencer; was admitted to the bar, and became Mr. Spencer s partner; was reporter of the Court of Appeals; was elected a member of the General Assembly of the State legis lature in 1801; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Demo crat, receiving 9,943 votes against 9,845 votes for Eoscoe Colliding, Republican; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiving 10.810 votes against 11,900 votes for Eoscoe Coukling, Eepublican; was a member of the State Constitutional Convention in 1807-1808; was the Democratic and Liberal candidate for governor of New York in 1862; was elected a United-States senator from New York as a Democrat (to succeed E. E. Fenton, Liberal), and took his seat March 4, 1875. His term of service will expire March 3, 1881. Kerr, John, was elected a representative from Virginia in the Thirteenth Congress as a Democrat; and was re-elected to the Fourteenth Congress, serv- ingf rom May 24, 1813, to March 3, 1817. Kerr, John, was born in North Carolina; re ceived an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Yanceyville ; was elected a representative from North Carolina in the Thirty-third Congress as a Whig, re ceiving 0,037 votes against 903 votes for Eancher, Democrat, serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3. 1855 ; M\IS defeated as the Conservative candidate for the Thirty-fourth Congress, receiving 3,447 votes against 0.752 votes for Edward G. Eeade, American. Kerr, John Bozman, was born at Easton, Maryland. March 5, 1809; received a classical edu cation, graduating at Harvard University in 1830; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1833, and commenced practice at Easton ; was a member of the State House of Eepresentatives 1830-1838; was dep uty-attorney-general for Talbot County 1847-1849; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Thirty-first Congress as a Whig, receiving 3,457 votes, without opposition, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1851; was re-elected to the Thirty- second Congress, but resigned, having been commis sioned charje d affaires to Nicaragua, serving March 12, 1851- June 1, 1853; returning home, he resumed practice at Baltimore, and subsequently at St. Michael s, Maryland; was appointed a United-States solicitor before the Court of Claims; was a clerk in the office of the sixth auditor of the treasury; and died at Washington City of heart-disease, after a few hours illness, January 28, 1878. Kerr, John L., was born at Greenbury Point, near Annapolis, Maryland, January 15, 1780; received a classical education, graduating at St. John s Col lege in 1799; studied law with John Leeds Bozman; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Easton : was elected a representative from Maryland in the Nineteenth Congress as a Whig, receiving 27 majority over Thomas Emory; was re-elected to the Twentieth Congress, receiving 218 majority, serving from December 5, 1825, to March 3, 1829; was de feated as the Whig candidate for the Twenty-first Congress by Eichard Spencer, and was again elected to the Twenty-Second Congress, serving from De cember 5, 1831, to March 2, 1833; was a presidential elector on the Harrison and Tyler ticket in 1840; was elected a United-States senator from Maryland (in place of John S. Speuce, deceased), serving from January 13, 1841, to March 3, 1843; died near Easton, Maryland, February 21, 1844. Kerr, Joseph, was elected a United-States sen ator from Ohio in place of Thomas Worthington, resigned, serving from December 30, 1814, to March 2, 1815. Kerr, Michael C., was born at Titusville, Pennsylvania, March 15, 18^7; received an academic education; graduated with the degree of bachelor of laws at the Louisville University in 1851; com menced the practice of law in 1852 in New Albany; was elected city-attorney in 1854, and prosecuting- attoruey of Floyd County in 1855 ; was a member of the State legislature in 1850 and 1857; was elected reporter of the Supreme Court of Indiana in 1802, and edited five volumes of reports; was elected a representative from Indiana in the Thirty-ninth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 11,407 votes against 9,014 votes for W. W. Curry, Eepublican; was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, receiving 13,421 votes against 11,678 votes for Gresham, Ee publican ; was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress, receiving 18,779 votes against 12,343 votes for Gresham, Eepublican; was re-elected to the Forty- second Congress, receiving 10,950 votes against 11,116 votes for Carr, Eepublican, serving from De cember 4, 1805, to March 3, 1873; was defeated as a Democratic candidate at. large for the Forty-third Congress, receiving 188,502 votes against 188,664 votes for Godlove S. Orth, Eepublican; was elected to the Forty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, re ceiving 13,891 votes against 12,582 votes for James A. Cravens, Independent Granger and Inflation Demo crat; was elected speaker; but consumption had marked him as a victim, and, retiring to Eock-Alum Springs, Virginia, he died there August 19, 1876. Kerrigan, James E., was born in Ireland; received a public-school education; immigrated to the United States, and located at New-York City; was clerk of the Police Court ; was a member of the City Council ; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-seventh Congress as a Democrat, receiving 5,145 votes against 3,989 votes for Thorny, Fusion, and 3,324 votes for Commerford, Eepublican, serving from July 4, 1861, to March 3, 1803; com manded a regiment of New-York volunteer infantry in the Union army while holding his seat in Con gress. Kershaw, John, was born in South Carolina; received a thorough English education; was elected a representative from South Carolina in the Thir teenth Congress as a Democrat, serving from May 24, 1813, to March 2, 1815 ; was appointed by Presi dent Madison a member of the commission to estab lish the boundaries of the Creek Nation. Ketcham, John H., was born at Dover, New York, December 21, 1832; received an academic edu cation; became interested in agricultural pursuits; was town-supervisor in 1854 and 1855; was a mem ber of the State Assembly of New York in 1856 and 1857; was a member of the State Senate of New York in 1860 and 181>1 ; entered the Union army as colonel of the One Hundred and Fiftieth Volunteers in 1862, and was appointed brigadier-general, serving until he resigned in March, 1856, to take the seat in Congress to which he had been elected; he was afterwards appointed major-general by brevet ; wad elected a representative from New York in the Tb -- ty-ninth Congress as a Eepublican, receiving 12,2*9 votes against 11,559 votes for Homer A. Nelson, Democrat; was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, receiving 12,535 votes against 10,840 votes for C. P. Collier, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress, receiving 13,569 votes against 13,141 votes tor Wheaton, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty- second Congress, receiving 14,432 votes against 11,748 votes for Philip, Democrat, serving from December 4, 1865, to March 3, 1873 ; was defeated as the Eepub- ican candidate for the Forty-third Congress, receiv ing 13,932 votes against 14,860 votes for John O. 482 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Whitehouse, Liberal Democrat; was a commissioner of the District of Columbia July 3, 1874- June 30, 1877 ; was again elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 18,225 votes against 10,113 votes for Davies, Democrat, and 223 votes for Peter Denny, Prohibi tionist. Ketchum, Winthrop W., was born at Wilkes- barre June 29, 1820; received an academic educa tion; was teacher of languages and mathematics in the Wyoming Seminary for four years; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1850; was prothono- tary of Luzerne County three years ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1858, and of the State Senate in 1859; was solicitor of the United- States Court of Claims in 1864-18(30; and was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Forty- fourth Congress as a Republican, receiving 7,932 votes against 7,1G5 votes for Hendrick B. Wright, Democrat, and 019 votes for Smith, Prohibitionist, serving from March 4, 1875, to March 3, 1877; was appointed judge of the United-States courts for the Western District of Pennsylvania. Key, David McKendree, was born in Greene County, Tennessee, January 27, 1824; his family moved in 1826 into Monroe County, where he was raised on a farm, studying at the winter schools; entered Hiawassee College in 1845, and graduated in 1850; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and entered into practice at Chattanooga in 1853 ; was a presidential elector on the Buchanan and Breckin- ridge ticket in 1856, and on the Breckinridge arid Blair ticket in 1860 ; entered the Confederate army in 1861, and served through the entire war as lieutenant- colonel of the Forty-third Tennessee Infantry ; was a member of the State Constitutional Convention of Tennessee in 1870; was chancellor of the Third Chancery District 1870-1875; was defeated as the Democratic candidate to the Forty-third Congress, receiving 8,960 votes against 10,041 votes for William Crutchiield, Republican; was appointed by Governor Porter United-States senator from Tennessee as a Democrat (to fill the vacancy occasioned by the death of Andrew Johnson), serving from December 6, 1875, to January 29, 1877 ; was defeated as a candidate for election to the United-States Senate (receiving all the Republican votes) by James E. Bailey, Demo crat ; was appointed by President Hayes postmaster- general, serving from March 12, 1877. Key, Philip, was born in St. Mary s County, Maryland, in 1750; received an academical educa tion; devoted himself to agricultural pursuits; was a local magistrate; served in the State House of Rep resentatives, and was one year its speaker ; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Sec ond Congress, serving from October 24, 1791, to March 2, 1793: died on his estate, in St. Mary s County, January 4, 1820. Key, Philip Barton, was born in Cecil County, Maryland, in 1765; received an academical educa tion; joined the British army after the declaration of independence, and received in 1778 a commission in the Maryland Loyalists Regiment; served in Florida, was made prisoner there, and, when released on parole, went to England; after peace was declared he retired on half-pay, which he resigned in 1807; returned to Maryland in 1785, and settled at An napolis in 1790; was elected a member of the State House of Representatives in 1794, and was re-elected several times; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Tenth Congress as a Federalist, defeating Wampler, and, after much opposition, was admitted to his seat; was re-elected to the Eleventh and Twelfth Congresses, serving from October 26, 1807, to March 3, 1813 ; died at Georgetown, District of Columbia, July 28, 1815. Keyes, Elias, was born at Ashford, Connecti cut; received a public-school education; removed to Stockbridge, Vermont; was a State councillor 1803- 1818, and a member of the State House of Repre sentatives for eighteen years; was elected a repre sentative from Vermont in the Seventeenth Con gress, serving from December 3, 1821, to March 3, 1823. Kidder, David, was born at Dresden, Maine, December 8, 1787 ; received an academical education ; studied law; was admitted to the bar in, and com menced practice at, Norriclgewock ; was county-attor ney of Somerset County 1811-1823; was an editorial contributor to "The Somerset-county Journal;" was elected a representative from Maine in the Eighteenth Congress as a Whig; was re-elected to the Nineteenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1823, to March 3, 1827; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1829 ; died at Norridge- wock, Maine, November 1, 1860. Kidder, Jefferson P., was born at Braintree, Vermont; received a common-school education ; was trained to agricultural pursuits; taught school; re ceived a classical education, graduating at the Nor wich University, and was a tutor therein; received in 1848 the degree of master of arts from the Uni versity of Vermont ; studied and practised law ; was a member of the State Constitutional Convention of Vermont in 1843; was State s attorney in 1842- 1847 ; was a member of the State Senate of Vermont in 1847-1848; was lieutenant-governor of Vermont in 1853-1854; removed to St. Paul, Minnesota, in 1857; was elected a provisional delegate from Dakota Ter ritory while visiting there in 1859; was a member of the Minnesota House of Representatives in 1861, 1863, and 1864; was appointed in. 1865 an associate justice of the Supreme Court for Dakota Terri tory, and removed there; was re-appointed in 18G9, and again in 1873, and resigned after having dis charged the duties of that oflice for ten years ; and was elected a delegate from Dakota in the Forty- fourth Congress as a Republican, receiving a majority of 2,408 votes over Moses K. Armstrong, Democrat ; was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 6,199 votes against 2,413 votes for S. L. Spink, Democrat, serving from March 4, 1876. Kidwell, Zedekiah, was born in Fairfax Coun ty, Virginia, January 4, 1814; received a thorough English education ; studied medicine, graduating at Jefferson Medical College of Philadelphia in 1839; after practising medicine for several years, he turned his attention to the law; was admitted to the bar in 1849, and practised at Fairmont, Virginia; served in the State House of Representatives ; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention in 1849 ; was a presidential elector on the Pierce and King ticket in 1852; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Thirty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving no opposition ; was re-elected to the Thirty-fourth Con gress, receiving 7,452 votes against 6,249 votes for Pendleton, American, serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1857 ; was elected a member of the State Board of Public Works in 1857 ; died at Fair mont, Virginia, April 27, 1872. Kilbourn, James, was born at New Britain, Connecticut, October 19, 1770; received a classical education ; studied theology, and took orders in the Episcopal Church; was the founder of the town of Worthington, Ohio, under the auspices of the Scioto Land Company; was one of the founders of New- England Lodge of Freemasons at Worthington; was appointed United-States surveyor of public lands in 1805; was appointed one of the commissioners to fix the boundary of the Virginia reservation; was presi dent of the trustees of Worthington College; was elected to the Thirteenth Congress as a Democrat, and was re-elected to the Fourteenth Congress, serv ing from May 24, 1813, until March 3, 1817; was a member of the House of Representatives in the Ohio legislature in 1823, and again in 1828; and died at Worthington, Ohio, April 24, 1850. Kilgensmith, John, jun., was born in Penn sylvania; resided at Stewartsville; was elected a rep resentative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-fourth Congress as a Democrat ; was re-elected to the Twen- STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 483 ty-fifth Congress, serving from December 7, 1835, to ! March 3, 1839. Kilgore, Daniel, was born in Virginia; received a good English education; removed to Ohio, and located at Cadiz ; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Twenty-third Congress (in place of Hum phrey H. Leavitt, resigned) as a Jackson Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty-fourth and Twenty-fifth Congresses, serving from December 1, 1834, to 1838, when he resigned ; died at New York December 12, 1851. Kilgore, David, was born in Harrison County, Kentucky. April 3, 1804 ; removed with his father to Franklin County, Indiana, in 1819; received a public- school education ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar in 1830, and commenced practice at Yorktown, Indiana; was a member of the State House of Rep resentatives 1833-1838; was elected by the legislature president-judge of his judicial circuit, serving 1839- 1844; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Con vention in 1850; was again a member of the State House of Representatives and its speaker 1854; was elected a representative from Indiana in the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Republican, receiving 11,132 votes against 7,183 votes for Johnson, Demo crat; was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving 9,383 votes against 5,921 votes for Develin, Democrat, serving from December 7, 1857, to March 3, 1861 ; was a delegate to the National Union Con vention at Philadelphia in 1866. Kille, Joseph, was born in New Jersey; re ceived an academical education; resided at Salem; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Twenty-sixth Congress as a Democrat, defeating W. Halsted on a general ticket, serving from March 10, 1840, to March 3, 1841 ; the election of Mr. Kille and four other representatives was unsuccessfully con tested, and they were finally admitted to their seats. Killinger, John W., was born September 18, 1825; graduated from Marshall College, Pennsylvania, in 1843; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in January, 1846; was prosecuting-attorney for Leba non County until 1849 ; was elected to the House of Representatives of Pennsylvania for the sessions of 1850 and 1851; was elected to the State Senate in 1854, serving three years ; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Republican, receiving 8,897 votes against 5,589 votes for Weidle, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty- seventh Congress, receiving 12.246 votes against 7,488 votes for Worrell, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress, receiving 11, 326 votes against 10,696 vot<^ for C. D. Gloninger, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress, receiving 14.419 votes against 11,049 votes for 13. Reilly, Dem ocrat. Kimball, Alanson M., was born at Buxton, Maine, March 12, 1827; received an academic and business education; removed to Wisconsin in 1852, and engaged in farming and mercantile pursuits; was a member of the State Senate of Wisconsin in 1803-1864, and was elected a representative from Wisconsin in the Forty-fourth Congress, receiving 14,733 votes against 14,641 votes for Gabriel Bouck, Democrat, serving from December 6, 1875, to March 3, 1877; was defeated as the Republican candidate for representative to the Forty-fourth Congress, re ceiving 17,847 votes against 20,623 votes for Gabriel Bouck, Democrat. Kimmell, William, was born at Baltimore, Maryland; received a classical education, which was completed at St. Mary s and Baltimore Colleges; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Baltimore; devoted much time to agricultural pursuits, and to the study of the commercial and manufacturing interests of the country; was a State director in the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, and a director in the Canton Company of Baltimore, in the Union Railroad Company, and in the Western Mary land Extension; was a member of the State Demo cratic Committee from 1862 to 1866; was a delegate to the National Democratic Convention which nomi nated George B. McClellan for President in 1864; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiving 950 votes against 4,677 votes for John L. Thomas, jun., Republican; served in the Maryland State Senate from 1866 to 1871 ; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Forty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 14,251 votes against 8,592 votes for Goldsborough, Repub lican, serving from October 15, 1877. Kincaid, John, was born in Kentucky; received a public-school education ; resided at Stanford ; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Twenty- first Congress as a Jackson Democrat, serving from December 7, 1829, to March 3, 1831. King, Adam, was born at York, Pennsylvania ; received an academical education ; studied medicine, and practised at York; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twentieth Congress as a Jackson Democrat ; was re-elected to the Twenty-first and Twenty-second Congresses, serving from Decem ber 3, 1827, to March 2, 1833; was defeated as the Jackson Democratic candidate for the Twenty-third Congress by Charles A. Barnitz, Clay Democrat; died at York, Pennsylvania, May 6, 1835. King, Andrew, was born in Greenbrier County, Virginia, March 20, 1812 ; received a common-school education; studied law, and practised at St. Charles, Missouri ; was elected to the State Senate of Missouri in 1846; was elected to the State House of Represen tatives in 1858 ; was judge of the Circuit Court of the Nineteenth Judicial Circuit of Missouri from 1859 to 1864 ; and was elected a representative from Missouri in the Forty-second Congress as a Democrat, receiv ing 10,390 votes against 3,227 votes for E. Draper, Administration Republican, and 3,803 votes for D. P. Dyer, Liberal Republican. King, Austin A., was born in Sullivan County, Tennessee, September 20, 1801 ; received a public- school education ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar in 1822 ; removed to Missouri in 1830, and prac tised at Richmond; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1834 and in 1836; was circuit- judge for Ray County 1837-1848; was governor of Missouri 1848-1853 ; was again circuit-judge for Ray County 1862-1863 ; resigned, having been elected a representative from Missouri in the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 4,243 votes against 2,857 votes for Birch, Secession, and 644 votes for Bouton, Secession, and serving from December 7, 1863, to March 3, 1865; was defeated as a Democratic candidate for the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiving 695 votes against 3,498 votes for Burt Van Horn, Radical, and 3,226 votes for Elijah H. Norton, Dem ocrat; died at St. Louis April 22, 1870. King, Cyrus (half-brother of Rufus King), was born at Scarborough, Massachusetts (afterwards Maine), September 16, 1772; received a classical edu cation, graduating at Columbia College in 1794 ; was private secretary to Rufus King ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar in, and commenced practice at, Saco ; was elected a representative from Massachu setts in the Thirteenth Congress as a Federalist ; was re-elected to the Fourteenth Congress, serving from May 24, 1813, to March 3, 1817 ; died at Saco April 25, 1817. King, Daniel Putnam, was born at Danvers, Massachusetts, in 1800; received a classical education, graduating at Harvard College in 1823; studied law, and was admitted to the bar, but abandoned the pro fession, and devoted himself to the cultivation of a farm inherited by his wife at Danvers; was a mem ber of the State House of Representatives 1836-1837 ; was a member of the State Senate 1838-1841, serving the last term as its president: was again a member of the State House of Representatives 1843-1844, and speaker of that body ; was a trustee of the State Lu natic Hospital ; several unsuccessful attempts having been made to elect a representative from his district, 484 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. he Avas elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Whig, receiving 83 majority ; was re-elected to the Twenty-ninth Con gress, receiving 1,300 majority over all other candi dates; was re-elected to the Thirtieth Congress on the second trial, receiving 3,735 votes against 1,021 votes for Dike, Democrat, and 608 scattering; and was re-elected to the Thirty-first Congress, serving from December 4, 1843, to July 25, 1850, when he died (having returned from Washington suffering from dysentery) at South Danvers, Massachusetts. King, George C., was born in Rhode Island; received a classical education, graduating at Brown University in 1825; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Newport; was a member of the House of Representatives, and one year its speaker ; was a presidential elector on the Taylor and Fillmore ticket in 1849 ; was elected a representative from Rhode Island in the Thirty-first Congress as a Whig, receiving 2,005 votes against 1,250 votes for Brown, Democrat ; was re-elected to the Thirty-sec ond Congress, receiving 3,492 votes against 3,276 votes for Sayles, Democrat, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1853 ; died at Newport July 17, 1870. King, Henry, was born at Hampden, Massachu setts, in 1790; received a classical education ; studied law at Wilkesbarre, Pennsylvania; was admitted to the bar in 1815, and commenced practice at Allen- town; was a member of the State Senate in 1830; waff elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-second Congress as a Jackson Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty-third Congress, serving from December 5, 1831, to March 3, 1835; resumed his legal practice ; died at Allentown July 13, 1861. King, James Gore (son of Rufus King), was born at New-York City May 8, 1791 ; his father took him to England, where he received a classical educa tion, and on his return graduated at Harvard College iu 1810; he studied law at the Litchfield (Connecticut) School, but engaged in mercantile pursuits in the successive firms of King & Gracie, Prince, Ward, & King, and James G. King & Sons ; was elected a rep resentative from New Jersey in the Thirty-first Con gress as a Whig, receiving 9,679 votes against 6,716 votes for Hollingworth, Democrat, and 677 votes for Opdyke, Democrat, and serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1851; was for several years a lead ing member of the New- York Chamber of Commerce, and its president when he died at Highwood, New Jersey, opposite New- York City, October 3, 1853. King, John, was born in 1775; resided at New Lebanon; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-second Congress as a Jackson Democrat, serving from December 5, 1831, to March 2, 1833; died at New Lebanon, New York, September 1, 1838. King, John Alsop (eldest son of Rufus King), was born at New- York City January 3, 1788; was educated at Harrow School, England, and at Paris; served throughout the war of 1812 as lieutenant of cavalry ; was a member of the State House of Repre sentatives 1819-1821; was State senator in 1823; was commissioned secretary of the legation at London, his father being minister, May 5,^1825; was charge d affaires from June 15 to August 8, 1826; resigned August 12, 1826; was again a member of the State House of Representatives in 1832 and in 1840; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty- first Congress as a Whig, receiving 4,397 votes against 2,457 votes for Jones, Democrat, and 2,332 votes for Brown, Cass Democrat, and serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1851 ; was governor of the State of New York 1856-1858 ; was a presidential elector on the Lincoln and Hamlin ticket in 1860; was a dele gate from New York to the Peace Congress of 1861 ; was devoted to agricultural pursuits, and was for years prominently connected with the Queen s-coun- ty Agricultural Society, the New-York State Agricul tural Society, and the United-States Agricultural Society; died at Jamaica, Long Island, July 7, 1867. King, John P., resided at Augusta, Georgia; held several local offices ; was elected a United-States senator from Georgia (in place of George M. Troup, resigned) as a State-rights Democrat; and was re- elected in 1834, serving from December 2, 1833, to November 1, 1837, when he resigned. King, Perkins, was born at New Marlborough, Massachusetts, January 12, 1784; received an aca demical education ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Greenville, New York, in 1802; was county-judge of Greene County 1826-1850; was a member of the State House of Rep resentatives in 1827; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-first Congress as a Jackson Democrat, serving from December 7, 1829, to March 3, 1831 ; died at Freehold, Greene County, November 29, 1875. King, Preston, was born at Ogdensburg, New York, October 14, 1806; received a classical education, graduating at Union College in 1827 ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Ogdensburg; established and edited "The St. Law rence Republican" as an advocate of General Jack son; was postmaster at Ogdensburg; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1834-1837; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 6,578 votes against 4,785 votes for Sherman, Whig, and 335 votes for Northrup, Abolitionist; was re- elected to the Twenty-ninth Congress, receiving 8,145 votes against 6,295 votes for Hopkins, Whig, and 612 votes for Mitchell, American, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1847; was again elected to the Thirty-first Congress as a Free-soil Democrat, receiv ing 7,309 votes against 5,133 votes for Squire, Whig, and 1,325 votes for Dodge, Cass Democrat; was re- elected to the Thirty-second Congress, receiving 7,101 votes against 4,898 votes for Grant, Whig, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1853; was elected a United-States senator from New York as a Repub lican, serving from March 4, 1857, to March 3, 1863 ; resumed the practice of law at New- York City; was a presidential elector on the Lincoln and Johnson ticket in 1864; was appointed collector of the port of New York by President Johnson August 15, 1865; committed suicide by jumping, heavily weighted, from a ferry-boat into the Hudson River, November 13, 1865. King, Rufus (half-brother of Cyrus King, and father of John A. King and James G. King), was born at Scarborough, Massachusetts (afterwards Maine), March 24, 1755; received a classical educa tion, graduating at Harvard College in 1777; studied law with Theophilus Parsons at Newburyport ; was aide-de-camp to General Glover in the expedition against the British occupants of Rhode Island in 1778; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice at Newburyport in 1780; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1782 ; was a dele gate from Massachusetts to the Continental Congress 1784-1786; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention in 1787; was a delegate to the National Constitutional Convention; removed to New-York City in 1788; was a member of the New- York State legislature in 1789; was elected a United-States sena tor from New York as a Federalist, serving from March 4, 1789, to May 18, 1796, when he resigned, having received a diplomatic appointment; was ap pointed by President Washington minister to Great Britain, serving May 20, 1796-May 18, 1803; was again elected a senator from New York, and re-elected, serving from May 24, 1813, to March 3, 1825; was again appointed minister to Great Britain by Presi dent John Quincy Adams, serving May 5, 1825-June 16, 1826; on his return he retired to his country-seat at Jamaica, Long Island, and died there April 29, 1827. King, Rufus H., was born in New York; re sided at Catskill, Greene County ; was elected a rep resentative from New York iu the Thirty-fourth STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 485 Congress as a Whig, receiving 8,576 votes against 5,042 votes for Strong, Democrat, serving from De cember 3, 1855, to March 3, 1857 ; removed to Albany, where he became president of the State National Bank and of the Albany Insurance Company. King, T. Butler, was born at Hampden, Massa chusetts, August 27, 1804; received an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in, and commenced practice at, Waynesville, Georgia; was a member of the State Senate in 1832, 1834, 1835, and 1837; became interested in agricultural pursuits ; was defeated as a State-rights Whig can didate for the Twenty-fifth Congress on a general ticket ; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Twenty-sixth Congress as a State-rights Whig, receiving 32,090 votes against 30,912 votes for Patter son, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Twenty- seventh Congress, receiving 39,257 votes against 35,357 votes for Junius Hillyer, Democrat, serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1843; was de feated as the Whig candidate to the Thirty-eighth Congress; was again elected to the Twenty-ninth Congress, receiving 3,808 votes against 3,074 votes for Spalding, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Thirtieth Congress, receiving 3,324 votes against 2,227 votes for Cohen, Democrat, serving from De cember 1, 1845, to March 3, 1849; was defeated as the Whig candidate for election to the Thirty-first Congress, receiving 3.549 votes against 4,379 votes for Joseph W. Jackson, State-rights^Democrat ; was ap pointed by President Taylor collector of the port of San Francisco, serving 1850-1851 ; returned to Geor gia; was sent by the Confederate Government in 1862 a commissioner to Europe ; and died at Waynes- borough, Georgia, May 10, 1864. King, William flufus, was bora in Sampson County, North Carolina, April 7, 1786; received a classical education, graduating at the University of North Carolina in 1803 ; studied law under William Duffy of Fayetteville ; was admitted to the bar in 1806, and commenced practice at Clinton; was a mem ber of the House of Commons of Alabama in 1808 and 1809; was elected a representative from North Carolina in the Twelfth, Thirteenth, and Fourteenth Congresses as a War Democrat, serving from Novem ber 4, 1811, until he resigned to accompany William Pinckney of Maryland to Russia as secretary of lega tion April 23, 1816 ; returned from Europe in 1818, and settled at Cahawba, Alabama, as a cotton-planter ; was a member of the convention which framed the Constitution of Alabama; was elected United-States senator, serving from March 4, 1819, until he resigned to accept from President Tyler the appointment of minister to France April 9, 1844, having presided the six last years as president pro tempore ; was min ister to France from April 9, 1844, until September 15, 1846 ; was again appointed to the United-States Senate (in the place of A. P. Bagby, resigned), and was then re-elected, serving from December 7, 1846, to March 4, 1853, and again presiding as president pro tempore ; was elected Vice-President on the Pierce ticket in 1852 as a Democrat, receiving 254 electoral votes against 42 electoral votes for W. R. Graham, Whig; having gone to Cuba for his health, he took his oath of office at Havana, March 4, 1853 ; return ing to his home at Cahawba, Alabama, he died there the next day, April 18, 1853. King, William S., was born at Malone, New York. December 16, 1828 ; received a common-school education; is by occupation a farmer and stock- raiser ; was postmaster of the House of Representa tives in the Thirty-seventh, Thirty-eighth, Fortieth, Forty-first, and Forty-second Congresses; and was elected a representative from Minnesota in the Forty- fourth Congress as a Republican, receiving 18,179 votes against 15,860 votes for Eugene M. Wilson, Democrat, serving from December 6, 1875, to March 3, 1877. Kingsbury, William W., was born at To- wanda, Pennsylvania, June 4, 1828; received a pub lic-school education, and was reared on a farm ; re moved to Minnesota, and located at Endion; was a member of the Territorial legislature in 1855, and again in 1856; was a delegate to the convention which framed the State Constitution ; was elected a delegate from Minnesota Territory in the Thirty- fifth Congress as a Democrat, serving from Decem ber 7, 1857, to March 3, 1859. Kinloch, Francis, was a delegate from South Carolina to the Continental Congress 1780-1781. Kinnard, George L., was born in 1803; re moved to Indiana, and located at Indianapolis ; was elected a representative from Indiana in the Twenty- third Congress as a Democrat, defeating J. Crawford, National Repiiblican; and was re-elected to the Twenty-fourth Congress, serving from December 2, 1833, until he died at Cincinnati, Ohio, November 25, 1836, from injuries received near there on the 16th of that month by the explosion of the boiler of the steamer "Flora." He was on his way to Phila delphia to be married, and his bride was to have ac companied him to Washington. Kinney, John Fitch, was born at New Haven, New York, April 2, 1816; received an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1837, and commenced practice at Marysville. Ohio; removed in 1839 to Mount Vernon, Ohio, and again in 1844 to Lee County, Iowa; was secretary of the Territorial Legislative Council of Iowa; was* a judge of the Supreme Court of Iowa 1846-185;); was ap pointed by President Pierce chief justice of the Su preme Court of Utah, serving 1854-1857; removed to Nebraska in 1857, and practised law there ; was ap pointed by President Buchanan chief justice of the Supreme Court of Utah, serving 1860-1863: was elected a delegate from Utah Territory in the Thirty- eighth Congress as a Democrat, receiving no opposi tion, serving from December 7, 1863, to March 3, 1865. Kinsella, Thomas, was born in Ireland in 1832 ; received a common-school education ; studied the art of printing at the compositor s case, and the profes sion of editing at the reporter s desk, graduating as the editor of " The Brooklyn Eagle," a position which he has occupied for many years; he has held various local offices at Brooklyn, among them those of water commissioner and member of the board of education ; was nominated as postmaster of that city in 1866, and again in 1867 by President Johnson, but was each time rejected by the Senate; and was elected a representative from New York in the Forty- second Congress as a Democrat, receiving 20,704 votes against 12,482 votes for S. B. Dutcher, Repub lican, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1873. Kinsey, Charles, was born at Paterson, New Jersey ; received an academic education ; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Fifteenth Congress ; was re-elected to the Sixteenth Congress, defeating John Condict, serving from December 1, 1817, to March 3, 1819. Kinsey, James, was born at Burlington, New Jersey, in 1733; took a leading part in colonial affairs, and was prominently identified with pre- Revolutionary movements ; was a delegate from New Jersey to the Continental Congress 1774-1775; was appointed chief justice of New Jersey in 1789; died at Burlington, New Jersey, January 4, 1802. Kinsley, Martin, was born at Bridgewater, Massachusetts, June 2, 1754; received a classical education, graduating at Harvard College in 1778 ; studied medicine, and practised at Bridgewater; served in the Revolutionary war as purveyor of medical supplies ; was a delegate to the State Con stitutional Convention ; was for thirty years a mem- jer of the State House of Representatives; was a judge of probate, and a judge of the Court of Com mon Pleas ; was elected a representative from Massa chusetts in the Sixteenth Congress, serving from December 6, 1819, to March 3, 1821 ; was defeated as a candidate for the Seventeenth Congress ; died at Bridgewater, June 20, 1835. 486 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Kirkland, Joseph, was born at Old Norwich, Connecticut, January 18, 1770; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1790; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and com menced practice at New Hartford, New York; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1804-1805; removed to Utica in 1813, and was ap pointed State district-attorney ; was again a member of the State House of Representatives in 1818, 1820, 1821, and 1825; was elected a representative from New York in the Seventeenth Congress, serving from December 3, 1821, to March 3, 1823; was mayor of Utica 1832, 1834, and 1835 ; died at Utica January 26, 1844. Kirkpatrick, Littleton, was born at New Brunswick, New Jersey; received a classical educa tion, graduating at Princeton College in 1815 ; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice at New Brunswick ; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1845 ; was surrogate of Middlesex County ; died at New Brunswick August 15, 1859. Kirkpatrick, William, was born at Amwell, New Jersey, November, 17(58; received a classical education, graduating at Princeton College in 1788; studied medicine ; was admitted to practice in 1795, and practised at Amwell; removed to Salina, New York, in 1806, and became superintendent of the Salt Springs ; was elected a representative from New York in the Tenth Congress, serving from October 26, 1807, to March 3, 1809; died of cholera at Salina, New York, September 2, 1832. Kirkwood, Samuel J., was born in Hartford County, Maryland, December 20, ]813; received a limited education at the academy of John McLeod, iu Washington City; removed to Richland County, Ohio, in 1835, and studied law there ; was admitted to the bar in 1843 ; was elected prosecuting-attorney in 1845, and again in 1847 ; was in 1850-1851 a mem ber of the convention that framed the present Consti tution of the State of Ohio; removed to Johnson County, Iowa, in 1855 ; was elected to the State Sen ate in 1856; was elected governor in 1859, and again in 1861 ; was in 1863 nominated by President Lincoln and confirmed as minister to Denmark, but declined the appointment; was elected a United-States senator from Iowa as a Republican (in place of James Har- lan, resigned), serving from January 24, 1866, to March 3, 1807 ; was again elected governor of Iowa iu 1875 ; was again elected a senator from Iowa, serv ing from March 4, 1877. His term of service will expire March 3, 1883. Kirtland, Dorrance, was born at Coxsackie, New York ; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1789 ; was elected a representative from New York in the Fifteenth Congress, serving from^ December 1, 1817, to March 3, 1819. Kitchell, Aaron, was born at Hanover, New Jersey, July 10, 1844; received a public-school educa tion; learned the blacksmith s trade, and worked at it; was actively engaged in pro-Revolutionary move ments ; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Second Congress as an anti-Federalist; was re-elected to the Third and Fourth Congresses, serv ing from October 24, 1791, to March 3, 1797; was again elected to the Sixth Congress, serving from December 2, 1799, to March 3, 1801; was elected a United-States senator from New Jersey, serving from December 2, 1805, to 1809, when he resigned ; was a presidential elector on the Monroe and Tompkins ticket in 1817; died at Hanover, New Jersey, June 25. 1820. Kitchen, Bethuel M., was born in Berkeley County, West Virginia, March 21, 1812 ; received a common-school education; engaged in agricultural pursuits; was a member of the State legislature of Virginia in 18(il and 1862; was a member of the State Senate of West Virginia in 1864 and 1865 ; was elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, but not admitted ; and w r as elected a representative from West Virginia in the Fortieth Congress as a Republican, receiving 8,296 votes against 5,190 votes for Andrews, Demo crat, serving from March 4, 1807, to March 3, 1869. Kittera, John W\, was born in Pennsylvania; received a classical education, graduating at Prince ton College in 1776; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised ; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Second Congress as a Federalist; and was re-elected to the Third, Fourth, Fifth, and Sixth Congresses, serving from October 24, 1791, to March 3, 1801. Kittera, Thomas, was born in Pennsylvania; received an academic education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Philadelphia; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Nineteenth Congress (in place of Joseph Hemp- hill, resigned), serving from December 4, 1826, to March 3, 1827 ; died at Philadelphia June 16, 1839. Kittredge, George W., was born at Epping, New Hampshire; received an academical education; studied medicine; was admitted to practice, and lo cated at Newmarket; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1847, 1851, and 1852, serving the last year as speaker ; was elected a repre sentative from New Hampshire in the Thirty-third Congress as an anti-Nebraska Democrat, receiving 10,108 votes against 8,962 votes for Tucker, Whig, serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855; was defeated as the Democratic candidate to the Thirty-fourth Congress, receiving 9,750 votes against 12,611 votes for James Pike, American ; died of apo plexy at Newmarket, New Hampshire, January 25, 1878. Knapp, Anthony L., was born at Middletown, New York, June 14, 1828; removed with his father to Illinois in 1839 ; received an academical education ; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1849, and commenced practice at Jersey ville; was a member of the State Senate 1859-1861 ; was elected a representa tive from Illinois in the Thirty-seventh Congress (in place of John A. McClernand, resigned) as a Demo crat; was re-elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, receiving 14,259 votes against 7,712 votes for Moul- ton, Republican, serving from December 12, 1861, to March 3, 1865. Knapp, Charles, was born at Colchester, Dela ware County, New York, October 8, 1797 ; was bred a farmer ; was chiefly educated at home, but taught school for a time ; entered upon mercantile pursuits in 1825 ; was a member of the legislature of the State of New York in 1841 ; settled in the village of De posit, Delaware County, in 1848; organized the Deposit Bank in 1854, which became a national bank in 1864, and of which he was president; and was elected a representative from New York in the Forty- first Congress as a Republican, receiving 17,949 votes against 14,584 votes for Gilbert, Democrat, serving from March 4, 1869, to March 3, 1871. Knapp, Chauncey L., was born at Berlin, Vermont, February 26, 1809 ; received a public-school education; served an apprenticeship to the art of printing at Montpelier; was elected official legisla tive reporter in 1833 ; was for several years the editor and proprietor of "The State Journal;" was secre tary of state of Vermont 1836-1840; removed to Lowell, Massachusetts; was secretary of the Massa chusetts Senate in 1851 ; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Thirty-fourth Congress as an American, receiving 7,215 votes against 3,792 votes for Wentworth, Whig, 708 votes for Needham, Demo crat, and 14 scattering; and was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Republican, receiving 9,616 votes against 3,686 votes for B. F. Butler, Democrat, and 864 votes for A. S. Lewis, Abolitionist, serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1859; resumed the editorship of " The Lowell News." Knapp, Robert M., was born at Jerseyville, Illinois; received a classical education ; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Jerseyville ; STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 48T was elected a representative from Illinois in the | Forty-Third Congress as a Democrat and Liberal, receiving 13,818 votes against 10,939 votes for A. C. Matthews, Republican, serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1875; was again elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 17,949 votes against 12,622 votes for Bobbins, Republican, and serving from October 15, 1877. Knickerbocker, Herman, was born at Al bany, New York, July 27, 1782; received a classical education; studied law with John V. Henry; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Albany; inherited a large property, and removed to Scaghticoke, nineteen miles north of Albany, where he dispensed such generous hospitality that he be came known as "the Prince of Scaghticoke;" was elected a representative from New York in the Eleventh Congress as a Federalist, serving from May 22, 1809, to March 3, 1811 ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1816; was a county- judge; became pecuniarily involved in the later years of his life; died at Williamsburg, New York, January 30, 1855. He is alluded to by Washington Irving, in "Knickerbocker s History of New York," as "my cousin the congressman;" and, when Mr. Irving visited Washington, he introduced him to President Madison as " my cousin Diedrich Knicker bocker, the great historian of New York." Knight, Jonathan, was born in Bucks County, Pennsylvania, November 22, 1787; received a public- school education; removed with his parents in 1801 to East Bethlehem, Washington County; became a land-surveyor and civil engineer ; served three years as county commissioner; was appointed a commis sioner to construct the National Road, and served three years; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1822-1828; visited England to exam ine the railroads there, and, on his return, was appointed chief engineer on the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad; was elected a representative from Penn sylvania in the Thirty-fourth Congress as a Whig, receiving 9.912 votes against 7,552 votes for Mont gomery, Democrat, serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1857 ; engaged in agricultural pursuits ; and died at East Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, Novem ber 22, 1858. Knight, Nehemiah (father of Nehemiah R. Knight), was born in Rhode Island; was elected a representative from Rhode Island in the Eighth Con gress as a Federalist; was re-elected to the Ninth and Tenth Congresses, serving from October 17, 1803, to 1808, when he died. Knight, Nehemiah R. (son of Nehemiah Knight), was born at Cranston, Rhode Island, De cember 31, 1780; received a public-school education; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1802 ; was elected clerk of the Court of Common Pleas in 1805, and removed to Providence ; was clerk of the Circuit Court 1812-1817; was for many years president of the Roger Williams Bank; was governor of Rhode Island 1817-1821 ; was appointed by Presi dent Madison collector of customs at Providence; was elected a United-States senator from Rhode Island as a Whig (in place of James Burrill, jun., de ceased), and was three times re-elected, serving from January 20, 1820, to March 3, 1841 ; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention in 1843; died at Providence, Rhode Island, April 19, 1854. Knott, J. Proctor, was born near Lebanon, Kentucky, August 29, 1830; studied law; removed to Missouri in May, 1850, and was admitted to the bar in 1851 ; was elected to the State House of Represen tatives of Missouri in 1857, and resigned in August, 185U ; was appointed attorney-general of Missouri in the same month; was unanimously nominated for the same position by the Democratic Convention, and elected in August, 1862 ; returned to Kentucky, and commenced tne practice of law in Lebanon in 1863; and was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Fortieth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 8,199 votes against 2,277 votes for Taylor, Republican, and 508 votes for W. I. Heady ; was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress, receiving 13,166 votes against 1,811 votes for Hays, Republican, serving from December 3, 1867, to March 3, 1871 ; was again elected to the Forty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiv ing 8,182 votes against 4,601 votes for C. S. Hill, Republican; and was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 15,735 votes against 6,982 votes for Lewis, Republican, serving from December 0, 1875. Knowlton, Ebenezer, was born in New Hamp shire; received a public-school education; studied theology; resided at South Montville, Maine; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1844- 1850, serving as speaker in 1844; was elected a rep resentative from Maine in the Thirty-fourth Con gress as a Republican, receiving 5,995 votes against 4,072 votes for J. G. Dickcrson, "Democrat, and 3,587 votes for E. W. Farley, Whig, serving from Decem ber 3, 1855, to March 3, 1857. Knox, James, was born at Canajoharie, New York, July 4, 1807; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1830; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1833, and commenced practice at Utica; removed to Illinois, and founded the town of Knoxville in 1836; devoted himself to agricultu ral and mercantile pursuits; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention in 1847 ; was elected a representative from Illinois in the Thirty-third Congress as a Whig, receiving 9,866 votes against 9,684 votes for Ross, Democrat, and 1,290 votes for Curtis, Free-Soiler ; and was re-elected to the Thirty- fourth Congress, receiving 10,146 votes against 7,587 votes for McMurtry, Democrat, serving from Decem ber 5, 1853, to March 3, 1857 ; lost his sight, and vis ited Europe to consult celebrated oculists without receiving any benefit. Knox, Samuel, received a public-school educa tion ; resided at St. Louis ; was elected a representa tive from Missouri in the Thirty-eighth Congress (having successfully contested the seat of Francis P. Blair, jun. ) as a Republican, serving from June 15, 1864, to March 3, 1865. Koontz, William H., was born at Somerset, Pennsylvania, July 15, 1830; received a public-school education; studied and practised law; was district- attorney of Somerset County in 1854, 1855, and 1850 ; was clerk and prothonotary for the courts of Somer set County in 1861, 1862, and 1863; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-ninth Congress as a Republican, receiving 11,236 votes against 11,165 votes for Coffroth, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, receiving 13,589 votes against 12,9(34 votes for Sharpe, Democrat, serving from July 18, 1866, to March 3, 1869. Krebs, Jacob, was born in Pennsylvania; re ceived a public-school education ; resided at Orwigs- burg; was elected a representative from Pennsylva nia in the Nineteenth Congress (in place of Henry Wilson, deceased) as a Democrat, serving from De cember 4, 1826, to March 3, 1827. Kremer, George, was born in Dauphin County, Pennsylvania, in 1775; received a public-school edu cation; resided at Lewisburg; was elected a repre sentative from Pennsylvania in the Eighteenth Congress as a Democrat ; was re-elected to the Nine teenth and Twentieth Congresses, serving from De cember 1, 1823, to March 3, 1829. Kuhns, Joseph H., was born in Pennsylvania; resided at Greensburg; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-second Congress as a Whig, receiving 5,745 votes against 4,688 votes for Snodgrass, Democrat, serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1853; was defeated as the Whig candidate for the Thirty-third Congress, receiving 5,959 votes against 7,968 votes for Drum, Democrat. Kunkel, Jacob M., was born at Frederick, Maryland, July 23, 1822 ; received a classical educa tion, graduating at the University of Virginia in 488 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. 1843; studied law with Francis Thomas; was admit ted to the bar in 1846, and commenced practice at Frederick ; was elected to the State Senate in 1850, but the change in the State Constitution abridged his term; was elected a representative from Mary land in the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, re ceiving 8,376 votes against 8,208 votes for H. W. Hoffman, American; was re-elected to the Thirty- sixth Congress, receiving 8,849 votes against 8,716 votes for H. W. Hoffman, American, serving from December 7, 1857, to March 3, 18(51 ; was a delegate to the Loyalists Convention at Philadelphia in 1866; died at Frederick, Maryland, after a protracted ill ness, April 9, 1S70. Kunkel, John C., was born in Pennsylvania; received an academical education ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Harrisburg; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-fourth Congress as a Whig, receiving 8,500 votes against 6,049 votes for Eyer, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving 9,227 votes against 7,360 votes for Eyer, Democrat, serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1859. Kurtz, William H., was born at York, Penn sylvania, where he resided ; was elected a representa tive from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-second Con gress as a Democrat, receiving 5,705 votes against 5,372 votes for Smyser, Whig; was re-elected to the Thirty-third Congress, receiving 9,523 votes against 7,306 votes for Biddle, Whig, serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1855. Kuykendall, Andrew Z., was born in Gal- latin County, Illinois, March 3, 1815; received a public-school education ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Vienna; was a member of the State House of Representa tives 1842-1846, and of the State Senate 1850-1862; entered the Union army in 1861 as major of the Thirty-first Illinois Volunteers, and served until his health forced him to resign in 1862; was elected a representative from Illinois in the Thirty-ninth Con gress as a Republican, receiving 11,742 votes against 10,759 votes for William J. Allen, Democrat, and serving from December 4, 1865, to March 3, 1867. Kyle, G. H., claimed to have been elected a rep resentative from Arkansas in the Thirty-ninth Con gress; his credentials were presented on the 20th of December, 1865, and were referred to the select Joint Committee on Reconstruction ; a motion inviting him to occupy a seat in the hall of the House of Repre sentatives was lost January 30, 1866. Labranche, Alcee, was born at New Orleans, Louisiana; was appointed by President Van Buren chanje d affaires to Texas, serving from March 7, 1837, to April 2, 1840, when he resigned ; was elected a representative from Louisiana in the Twenty- eighth Congress as a Democrat, serving from Decem ber 4, 1843, to March 3, 1845. Lacock, Abner, was born in Virginia in 1770; received a public-school education; removed to Pennsylvania, and settled in Beaver County; was a member, for several successive years, of the State Senate and of the State House of Representatives; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twelfth Congress as a Democrat, defeating A. Tannerhill, also a Democrat, serving from November 4, 1811, to March 3, 1813; was an earnest supporter of the war against Great Britain, but an opponent of General Jackson; was elected a United-States senator from Pennsylvania, serving from May 24, 1813, to March 3, 1819; was president of the Penn sylvania and Ohio (. anal Company; died at Freedom, Pennsylvania, April 12, 1837. La Dow, George A., was born in Cayuga County, New York, March 18, 1828; removed with his parents to McIIenry County, Illinois; received a public-school education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1850, and commenced practice in Wis consin in 1851 ; was elected district-attorney in 1860; removed to Minnesota in 1862 ; was a member of the State House of Representatives of Minnesota in 1867; removed to Oregon in 18C9; was a member of the State House of Representatives of Oregon in 1872; was elected a representative from Oregon in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Republican, but died May 8, 1875, having never taken his seat. Laflin, Addison H., was born at Lee, Massa chusetts, October 24, 1823; graduated at Williams College, Massachusetts, in 1843 ; went to Herkimer County, New York, in 1849, and became largely interested in the manufacture of paper ; was a mem ber of the State Senate of New York in 1858 and 1859; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-ninth Congress as a Republican, re ceiving 16,441 votes against 12,704 votes for F. W. Hubbard, Democrat; was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, receiving 16.498 votes against 11,734 votes for Lansing, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress, receiving 16,856 votes against 13,5(8 votes for Cornwall, Democrat, serving from December 4, 1865, to March 3, 1871; was appointed by President Grant naval officer of the port of New York. Lahm, Samuel, was born at Leitersburg, Mary land, April 22, 1812; was educated by his own exer tions, studying at Washington College, Pennsylvania; removed in March, 1835, to Indiana, where he studied law with Oliver H. Smith; was admitted to practice in 1836, and settled at Canton, Ohio, where he entered into partnership with A. W. Loomis, ex- representative in Congress ; was appointed master in chancery 1837-1839; was elected prosecuting- attorney in 1838, and re-elected in 1840; was a member of the State Senate in 1842 ; was a delegate to the National Democratic Convention at Baltimore in 1844 which nominated Polk and Dallas ; was de feated as a Democratic candidate for the Twenty- ninth Congress by David A. Starkweather, Whig; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thir tieth Congress as an Independent Democrat, receiv ing a majority of 206 over David A. Starkweather, Whig, and serving from December 6, 1847, to March 3, 1849; held several commissions in the militia, attaining the rank of brigadier-general. Lake, William A., was born in Maryland; re ceived a classical education, graduating at Washing ton College, Pennsylvania; studied law; was ad mitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Mary land ; was a member of the State House of Repre sentatives; removed to Vicksburg, Mississippi; was a member of the State Senate ; was elected a repre sentative from Mississippi in the Thirty-fourth Con gress as an American, receiving 5.907 votes against 5,729 votes for Otho R. Singleton, Democrat, serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1857 ; was de feated as the American candidate for the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving 5,130 votes against 6,279 votes for Otho R. Singleton, Democrat. Lamar, Henry G., was born in Georgia; re ceived an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Macon; was a judge of the State Superior Court; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Twenty-first Congress as a State-rights Democrat; was re- elected to the Twenty-second Congress, serving from December 7, 1829, to March 2, 1833; was the president of the National anti Van Buren Con vention which assembled at Milledgeville in 1836 and nominated White and Tyler. Lamar, Lucius Q. C., was born in Putnam County, Georgia, September 17, 1825 ; was educated at Oxford, Georgia, and graduated at Emory College, Georgia, in 1845; studied law at Macon, Georgia, under the Hon. A. H. Chappell, and was admitted to the bar in 1847; moved to Oxford, Mississippi, in 1849; was elected adjunct professor of mathematics in the University of the State, and held the position as assistant to Dr. A. T. Bledsoe (editor cf " The Southern Review"), which he resigned in 1850, and STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 489 returned to Covington, Georgia, where lie resumed the practice of law; was elected to the legislature of Georgia in 1853 ; in 1854 moved to his plantation in Lafayette County, Mississippi, and was elected a representative from Mississippi in the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 4,818 votes against 2,7-38 votes for Alcorn, American ; was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving 7,391 votes without opposition, serving from December 7, 1857, to January 12, 1861, when he retired from the House to take a seat in the Secession Convention of his State; in 1861 entered the Confederate army as lieutenant-colonel of the Nineteenth Regiment, and was promoted to the colonelcy ; in 1863 was intrusted by President Davis with an important diplomatic mission to Russia; in 1866 was elected professor of political economy and social science in the University of Mississippi, and in 1867 was transferred to the professorship of law; was again elected to the Forty- third Congress, receiving 9,679 votes against 4,954 votes for R. W. Flournoy, Republican ; was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Congress, serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1877 ; was elected a United-States senator from Mississippi (to succeed James Lusk Alcorn, Independent), serving from March 4, 1877. His term of sen-ice will expire March 3, 1883. Lamb, Alfred "W., was born in New York; re ceived a public-school education; removed to Mis souri, and settled at Hannibal ; was elected a repre sentative from Missouri in the Thirty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 7,007 votes against 6,224 votes for Porter, Whig, and serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855. Lambert, John, was born in New Jersey in 1748; received an academical education; served in the State House of Representatives ; was vice-presi dent of the council and acting-governor in 1802 and 1803 ; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Ninth Congress, and was re-elected to the Tenth Congress, serving from December 2, 1805, to March 3, 1809; was elected a United-States senator from New Jersey, serving from May 22, 1809, to March 2, 1815 ; died at Amwell, New Jersey, Febru ary 4, 1823. Lamison, Charles N., was born in Columbia County, Pennsylvania, in 1826; was educated at private schools and academies; became a student at law when seventeen years of age ; was admitted to practice in Wooster, Wayne County, Ohio, and has practised since, except while in the army; was prosecuting-attorney for Allen County, Ohio, one year by appointment, and four years by elections; raised a company in 1861, and entered the Union army as its captain in the Twentieth Ohio Volun teers, of which regiment he was afterwards elected major, and served under Generals McCleilan, Hill, and Rosecrans in West Virginia until the expiration of term of enlistment; was afterward major of the Eighty-first Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and resigned because of ill health in 1862; elected a repre sentative from Ohio in the Forty-second Congress as a Democrat, receiving 11,993 votes against 8,894 votes for Clark, Republican; and was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress, receiving 15,530 votes against 10,224 votes for S. Lybrand, Republican, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1875. Lamport, "William H., was born in Pittstown, New York, May 27, 1811; received a district-school education; has been a farmer; was elected super visor of Gorham, New York, in 1848 and 1849; was elected sheriff of Ontario County in 1851 ; was elected a member of the Assembly of the State of New York in 1854; was elected trustee of the village of Canan- daigua in 1866 and 1867, and president of the village; and was elected a representative from New York in the Forty-second Congress as a Republican, receiving 12,115 votes against 9,367 votes for Corn- stock, Democrat, and 70 for J. C. Jackson, Independ ent; and was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress, receiving 12,885 votes against 9,730 votes for W. M. White, Democrat, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1875. Lancaster, Columbia, removed to St. Helena, Washington Territory, where he filled several local offices; was elected a delegate from Washington Territory in the Thirty-third Congress, serving from April 12, 1854, to March 3, 1855. Landers, Franklin, was born in Morgan County, Indiana, March 22, 1825; received a com mon-school education; was raised on a farm, and has since been engaged in agricultural pursuits ; has been interested in the dry-goods trade since 1850, jobbing at Indianapolis since 1865, and also engaged in the pork-packing business at Indianapolis since 1873; was elected to the State Senate of Indiana 1860-1864; was a candidate for presidential elector in 1864 on the Democratic ticket headed by George B. McCleilan ; and was elected a representative from In diana in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 16,977 votes against 16,411 votes for John Coburn, Republican, serving from December 6, 1875, to March 3, 1877. Landers, George M., was born at Lenox, Massachusetts, February 22, 1813 ; received a public- school education ; removed to Hartford County, Connecticut, in 1829, and engaged in hardware manufacturing; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1851, 1867, and 1874, and cf the State Senate in 1853, 1SC9, and 1873; was ap pointed State bank commissioner in 1874 for three years, and resigned in 1875 ; was elected a represen tative from Connecticut in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 13,432 votes against 12,944 votes for Joseph R. Hawley, Republican, and 226 votes for Lyons, Prohibitionist; and was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 15,529 votes against 15,390 votes for Joseph R. Hawley, Repub lican, and 165 votes scattering, and serving from December 6, 1875. Landrum, John M., was born in Edgefield District, South Carolina, July 3, 1815; received a classical education, graduating at South-Carolina College in 1842; taught school; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Shreveport, Louisiana; was elected a representative from Louisiana in the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 8,823 votes against 3,220 votes for Jones, Opposition, and serving from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 1801. Landry, J. Aristide, was born in Louisiana; resided at Donaldsonville ; was elected a representa tive from Louisiana in the Thirty-second Congress as a Whig, receiving 5,933 votes against 4,500 votes for Van Winder, Opposition, serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1853. Landy, James, was born at Philadelphia, Penn sylvania, October 13, 1813; received a public-school education; worked as a builder; studied law. but abandoned the profession, and devoted himself to mercantile pursuits; was a school commissioner; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 7,933 votes against 0,753 votes for Millward, Repub lican, serving from December 7, 1857, to March 3, 1859; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving 5,834 votes against 6,977 votes for Verree, Union Republican. Lane, Amos (father of James H. Lane), was born in the State of New York ; received a public- school education ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Lawrenceburg, In diana; was a member of the State legislature, and served one year as speaker; was elected a repre sentative from Indiana in the Twenty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 619 majority over Test, Whig; and was re-elected to the Twenty-fourth Congress, defeating George H. Dunn, Whig, serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1837; was de feated as the Whig candidate for the Twenty-fifth Congress by George H. Dunn, who received 1,034 490 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. majority; died at Lawrenceburg, Indiana, July 18, 1850. Lane, Henry S., was born in Montgomery Coun ty, Kentucky, February 24, 1811; received a public- sch ool education ; studied law; was admitted to tbe bar in Indiana, and commenced practice at Craw- fordsville; was elected a member of the State Senate in 1835; was elected a representative from Indiana in the Twenty-sixth Congress (in place of Tilghman A. Howard, resigned) as a Republican, receiving 1,456 majority; was re-elected to the Twenty-seventh Con gress, serving from December 7, 1840, to March 3, 1843; served in the Mexican war as lieutenant-colonel of Indiana volunteers; contested the seat of J. II. Bright in the United-States Senate in 1859, but it was not given to him; was elected governor of Indi ana in 1861, and was inaugurated, but resigned two days afterwards; was elected a United-States senator from Indiana, serving from July 4, 1861, to March 3, 1867 ; was a delegate to the Chicago National Repub lican Convention of 1868, and to the Cincinnati Na tional Republican Convention of 1876. Lane, James Henry (son of Amos Lane), was born at Lawrenceburg, Indiana, June 22, 1814; re ceived a public-school education; was for several years a member of the City Council of Lawrence burg; served in the Mexican war; was lieutenant- governor of Indiana in 1849; was elected a represen tative from Indiana in the Thirty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 8,783 votes against 7,789 votes for Farquhar, Whig, and serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855 ; removed to Kansas, and was prominent in the disturbances there ; was elected a United-States senator from Kansas as a Republican; and was re-elected, serving from July 4, 1861, to July 11, 1866, when he committed suicide by shoot ing himself near Fort Leavenworth. Lane, Joseph (father of Lafayette Lane), was born in Buncombe County, North Carolina, Decem ber 14, 1801 ; received a public-school education ; re moved to Indiana; was for several successive years a member of the State legislature ; served in the Mexi can war as colonel of the Second Indiana Volunteers; was promoted to be brigadier-general and major-gen eral by brevet; was appointed governor of Oregon Territory in August, 1848; was elected a delegate from Oregon Territory in the Thirty-second Con gress as a Democrat, receiving 1,664 votes against 308 votes for Wilson, Opposition ; was re-elected to the Thirty-third Congress, receiving 4,529 votes against 2,959 votes for Skinner, Whig; was re-elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress, receiving 6,178 votes against 3,943 votes for Gaines, American, serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1857; was again elected governor for a short time in 1853; was elected a United-States senator from Oregon, serving from February 14, 1859, to March 3, 1861 ; had been nomi nated for Vice-President on the Breckinridge ticket iu 1860. Lane, Lafayette (son of Joseph Lane), was elected a representative from Oregon in the Forty- fourth Congress as a Democrat (to fill the vacancy occasioned by the death of George A. La Dow), re ceiving 9,373 votes against 9,106 votes for Warren, Republican, 837 votes for Whitney, Independent, and 345 votes for Dimick, Temperance, serving from De cember 6, 1875, to March 3, 1877; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Forty-fifth Con gress, receiving 14,239 votes against 15,347 votes for Richard Williams, Republican. Langdon, Charles C., was born at the North; received an academic education; removed to Ala bama, and engaged in mercantile pursuits in Perry County; removed to Mobile, where he became pro prietor and editor of " The Mobile Advertiser," a Whig newspaper ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1839, 1840, 1855, and 1861 ; was an unsuccessful Whig candidate for Congress in 1851 ; was elected mayor of Mobile; established large orchards, vineyards, and nurseries at Citronville, thirty miles north of Mobile; was elected a repre sentative from Alabama in the Thirty-ninth Con gress, but was denied a seat. Langdon, Chauncey, was born in Vermont; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1787; was for several years a member of the State House of Representatives, and afterwards of the State Council; was elected a representative from Vermont in the Fourteenth Congress as a Fed eralist on a general ticket, receiving 17,725 votes against 16,974 votes for Richard Skinner, Democrat, serving from December 4, 1815, to March 3, 1817. Langdon, John (brother of Woodbury Lang don), was born at Portsmouth, New Hampshire, June 25, 1741; received a public-school education; engaged in mercantile pursuits ; was active in pre- Revolutionary movements; was a delegate from New Hampshire to the Continental Congress 1775-1776; was Continental navy agent, and, by large personal sacrifices, equipped the brigade with which General Stark won the battle of Bennington; was repeatedly a member of the State House of Representatives, and several times its speaker; was again delegate from New Hampshire to the Continental Congress 1783; was president of New Hampshire in 1785; was a delegate from New Hampshire to the Convention that framed the Federal Constitution in 1787 ; was govern or of New Hampshire in 1788; was elected a United- States senator from New Hampshire as a Democrat, serving from March 4, 1789, to March 3, 1801 ; was chosen president of the Senate, in order that the electoral votes for President of the United States might be counted (so a president of the Senate had a legal existence before there was either a President or Vice-President of the United States); was again governor of New Hampshire 1805-1809 and 1810- 1811; was offered the position of secretary of the navy by Jefferson in 1811, and declined it; was selected in 1812 by the Democratic representatives in Congress as a candidate for the Vice-Presidency, but declined ; died at Portsmouth, New Hampshire, September 18, 1819. Langdon, Woodbury (brother of John Lang don), was born at Portsmouth, New Hampshire, in 1739 ; received a public-school education ; engaged in mercantile pursuits; took an active part in pre- Revolutionary movements ; was a delegate from New Hampshire to the Continental Congress 1779-1780; was a member of the Executive Council 1781-1784; was a judge of the Supreme Court of New Hamp shire in 1782 and 1786-1790; died at Portsmouth, New Hampshire, January 13, 1805. Langworthy, Edward, was a delegate from Georgia to the Continental Congress, serving 1777- 1779. Lanman, James, was born at Norwich, Con necticut, June 14, 1769; received a classical educa tion, graduating at Yale College in 1788; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1791, and commenced practice at Norwich; was State s attorney for New- London County 1814-1819 ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1817; was a delegate to the First State Constitutional Convention in 1818; was a member of the State Senate in 1819; was elected a United-States senator from Connecticut as a Democrat, serving from December 6, 1819, to March 3, 1825; was appointed by the governor of Connecticut to serve a second term, but the Senate declared that he was not entitled to a seat; was judge of the State Superior and Supreme Courts 1826- 1829; was mayor of Norwich 1831-1834; was again a member of the State Senate in 1832; died at Nor wich, Connecticut, August 7, 1841. Lansing, Gerrit Y., was born at Albany, New- York, in 1783; received a classical education; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1796- 1801 ; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-second Congress as a Jackson Demo crat, receiving 250 majority over Ambrose Spencer; was re-elected to the Twenty-third and Twenty- STATISTICAL SKETCHES. fourth Congresses, serving from December 5, 1831, to March 3, 1837 ; was chancellor of the regents of the State University 1842-1849; died at Albany Janu ary 3, 1862. Lansing, John, was born at Albany, New York; was a delegate from New York to the Continental Congress 1784-1788; was a delegate from New York to the Convention that framed the Federal Constitu tion ; was for several years a member of the State House of Representatives. Lansing, W^illiam E., was born at Sullivan, New York, in 1822; received an academic education; studied law at Utica, and commenced practice at Chittenango in 1845; was elected district-attorney of Madison County in 1848, and served three years ; was elected clerk of Madison County in 1857 ; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty- seventh Congress as a Republican, receiving 15,253 votes against 8,082 votes for Chapman, Democrat; was again elected to the Forty-second Congress, re ceiving 13,450 votes against 9,780 votes for Shoecraft, Democrat, and 593 votes for Calkins, Temperance candidate; and was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress, receiving 15,410 votes against 10,841 votes for H. A. Foster, Democrat. Lapham, Elbridge G., was born at Farming- ton, New York, October 18, 1814; was brought up on a farm, attending the winter public schools, and was subsequently at the Canandaigua Academy ; studied civil engineering, and was employed on the Michigan Southern Railroad Line ; afterward studied law ; was admitted to the bar in 1844, and commenced practice at Canandaigua ; was a member of the Constitutional Convention ef New York in 1867; was elected a representative from New York in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Republican, receiving 10,814 votes against 9,770 votes for Pierpont, Democrat; was again elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 14,720 votes against 11,852 votes for Harlow L. Corn- stock, Democrat, and 68 votes for A. J. Abbott, Pro hibition, and serving from December 6, 1875. Laporte, John, was born in Pennsylvania; re sided at Asylum ; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-third Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty-fourth Congress, serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1837. Larned, Simon, was born in Massachusetts in 1751; received a public-school education; was for several years sheriff of Berkshire County; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Eighth Congress (in place of Thompson J. Skinner, resigned), serving from November 5, 1804, to March 3, 1805; died at Pittsfield, Massachusetts, November 9, 1817. Larrabee, Charles H., was born at Rome, New York, November 9, 1820; when a lad, accompanied his father to Ohio, and was educated at Granville College ; studied engineering, but subsequently de voted his attention to the law; was admitted to the bar in 1841, and commenced practice at Pontotoc, Mississippi; removed in 1844 to Chicago, Illinois; edited " The Democratic Advocate ;" was city-attor ney of Chicago from March 10, 1846, to March 12, 1847; removed to Horicon, Wisconsin, and was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention in December, 1847; was judge of the Third Judicial Circuit of Wisconsin and of the Supreme Court of that State from August 7, 1848, to his resignation in August, 1858; was elected a representative from Wis consin in the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 23,905 votes against 23,011 votes for Billing- hurst. Republican, serving from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 1861 ; was defeated as the Democratic can didate for the Thirty-seventh Congress, receiving 28,98,i votes against 34,002 votes for A. S. Sloan, Republican ; entered the Union army April 17, 1861 ; raised Company C, First Wisconsin Volunteers; declined the captaincy, but accepted a lieutenant s commission April 25, 1861 ; was appointed major of the Fifth Wisconsin Volunteers May 28, 1861 ; served in the Army of the Potomac through the Peninsula campaign under General McClellan; was appointed colonel of the Twenty-fourth Wisconsin Volunteers August 22, 1862 ; served in the Army of the Tennes see and of the Cumberland under Generals Buell and Rosecrans; resigned September, 1863, and en tered the invalid corps; removed to Seattle, Washing ton Territory. La Sere, Emile, was born in Louisiana; re ceived a liberal education ; resided at New Orleans ; was elected a representative from Louisiana in the Twenty-ninth Congress (in place of John Slidell, re signed) as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Thir tieth Congress, receiving 2,813 votes against 1,613 votes for Montegut, Whig; was re-elected to the Thirty-first Congress, receiving 3,295 votes against 2,509 votes for Jackson, Whig, serving from January 29, 1846, to March 3, 1851. Lash, Israel G., was born at Bethania, North Carolina, August 18, 1810; worked on the farm until 1830, then became a merchant and manufacturer, and in 1847 a banker at Salem ; he was elected a rep resentative from North Carolina in the Fortieth Con gress as a Republican ; was re-elected to the Forty- iirst Congress as a Republican, receiving 14,525 votes against 11,123 votes for Brown, Democrat. Latham, George R., was born in Prince Wil liam County, Virginia, March 9, 1832; received a public-school education ; studied law while teaching school ; was admitted to the bar in 1859, and com menced practice at Graf ton, West Virginia; edited a campaign newspaper at Graf ton in 1860 ; entered the Union army in 1861, and was made captain of the Second Virginia Infantry; was elected a representa tive from West Virginia to the Thirty-ninth Con gress as a Republican, receiving a majority of the votes cast at every polling-place in the district over W. B. Zinn, Democrat ; was appointed by President Johnson, in February, 1867, consul at Melbourne, Australia, and served until 1870, when he returned ; was superintendent of public schools for Upshur County, West Virginia, from September 1, 1875, to August 31, 1877. Latham, Milton S., was born at Columbus, Ohio, May 23, 1827; received a classical education, graduating at Jefferson College, Pennsylvania, in 1845; removed to Russell County, Alabama, where he taught school, and studied law with Judge Hey- denfeldt; was admitted to the bar in 1848, and ap pointed clerk of the Circuit Court; was an unsuc cessful candidate for solicitor of the ninth circuit in 1849 ; removed to California, where he was appointed clerk of the Recorder s Court of San Francisco in 1850, and district-attorney for the Sacramento Dis trict in 1851 ; was elected a representative from Cali fornia to the Thirty-third Congress as a Democrat on a general ticket, receiving an average majority of 4,902, and serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855; declined a re-election; was collector of the port of San Francisco 1855-1857 ; was elected govern or of California in 1859 as a Democrat, receiving a majority of 30,957 over Curry, anti-Lecompton Demo crat, and 52,145 over Stanford, Republican, and was inaugurated in January, 1860; three days afterwards he was elected United-States senator (in place of David C. Broderick, deceased), serving from March 5, 1860, until March 4, 1865 ; after the expiration of his term he returned to San Francisco, and engaged in business, and was president of the Bank of Cali fornia. Lathrop, Samuel, was born in Hampden Coun ty, Massachusetts, in 1771; received a classical edu cation, graduating at Yale College in 1792; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice at West Springfield ; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Sixteenth Congress, and was re-elected to the Seventeenth, Eighteenth, and Nineteenth Congresses, serving from December 6, 1819, to March 3, 1827 ; was for ten successive years 492 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. a member of the State Senate, and its president in 1829 and 1830; died at West Springfield July 11, 1S4(3. Lathrop, William, was born in Genesee Coun ty, New York, April 17, 1825; received a public- school education; removed to Illinois; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1851, and practised at Kockford ; was a member of the State House of Rep resentatives in 1856; was elected a representative from Illinois in the Forty-fifth Congress as a Re publican, receiving 13,241 votes against 8,149 votes for John F. Farnsworth, Democrat, and 5.991 votes for S. A. Hurlbut, Independent Republican, and serving from October 15, 1877. Lattimer, Henry, was born at Newport, Dela ware, April 24, 1752; received a classical education; studied medicine at Philadelphia and at Edinburgh; returned home, and practised ; served in the Revolu tionary army as surgeon of the flying hospital ; re sumed practice after peace was declared; was a member of the State House of Representatives; was elected a representative from Delaware in the Third Congress as a Federalist, serving from February 14, 1794, to February 28, 1795, when he took his seat as a United-States senator from Delaware (having been elected in place of George Read, resigned, Kensey Johns not having been admitted), serving until March 3, 1801; died at Philadelphia December 19, 1819. Lattimore, "William, was born at Norfolk, Virginia, February 9, 1774; received a public-school education; studied medicine, and removed to Missis sippi, where he commenced practice; was elected a delegate from Mississippi Territory in the Eighth Congress, and re-elected to the Ninth Congress, serv ing from October 17, 1803, to March 3, 1807; was again elected a delegate to the Thirteenth and Four teenth Congresses, serving from December 6, 1813, to March 3, 1817 ; was a delegate to the First Constitu tional Convention of Mississippi ; died April 3, 1843. Laurens, Henry, was born at Charleston, South Carolina, in 1723; was sent to England to acquire a thorough business education, and, on his return home, engaged in mercantile pursuits ; served in a campaign against the Cherokee Indians; visited.Europe in 1771 to superintend the education of his sons, and re turned in 1774; was president of the Charleston Committee of Safety and of the Provincial Congress; was a delegate from South Carolina to the Conti nental Congress 1777-1780, serving as president there of November 1, 1777-December 10, 1778; was elected by the Continental Congress, October 21, 1779, min ister to Holland; was captured on his voyage thither by the British, carried to London, and imprisoned in the Tower for nearly fifteen months ; was appointed by Congress, June 15, 1781, one of the commission ers to negotiate a treaty of peace with Great Britain, and signed the preliminary treaty at Paris Novem ber 30, 1782; his health having been affected by his imprisonment, he retired to his plantation on his re turn to South Carolina, and engaged in agricultural pursuits until he died, December 8, 1792, when his remains were cremated in obedience to an injunc tion in his will. Some of his papers on diplomatic and political questions have been published in the collections of the South-Carolina Historical Society. Law, John (son of Lyman Law, grandson of Richard Law and of Amasa Learned), was born at New London, Connecticut, in 1790; received a clas sical education, graduating at Yale College in 1814; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1817, and commenced practice at Vincennes, Indiana; was prosecuting-attorney for his judicial district; was a member of the State legislature in 1823; was judge of the Circuit Court for eight years; was appointed by President Van Buren receiver at the Vincennes land-office, serving 1838-1842; was appointed by President Pierce judge of the Court of Land Claims, serving 1855-1857; removed to Evansville, Indiana, and practised there; was elected a representative from Indiana in the Thirty-seventh Congress as a Democrat, receiving 13,476 votes against 10,731 votes for De Bruler, Republican; and was re-elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, receiving 11,963 votes against 9,583 votes for Johnson, Republican, serving from July 4, 1861, to March 3, 1865; declined a reiiomina- tion; died at Evansville, Indiana, October 7, 1873. Law, Lyman (son of Richard Law, and father of John Law), was born at New London, Connecti cut, August 19, 1770; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1791; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1793, and commenced practice at New London ; was a member of the State House of Representatives, arid one year its speaker; was elected a representative from Connecticut in the Twelfth Congress as a Federalist; was re-elected to the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Congresses, serving from November 4, 1811, to March 3, 1817; died at New London, Connecticut, February 3, 1842. Law, Richard (father of Lyman Law, and grand father of John Law), was born at Milford, Connecti cut, March 17, 1733; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1751; studied law under Jared Ingersoll ; was admitted to the bar at New Haven in 1754, and soon afterwards removed to New London, where he commenced practice; was appointed chief judge of the County Court, and in May, 1784, a judge of the Superior Court; was a member of the Council of the Assembly of Connect icut from May, 1776, until May, 1786, when an act was passed excluding judges; was a delegate to the Continental Congress from Connecticut 1777-1778 and 1781-1784; was mayor of New London from the adoption of the city charter in 1784 until 1806; was a commissioner with Roger Sherman to codify the statute laws of Connecticut; was appointed chief judge of the Superior Court of Connecticut in May, 1786; was appointed by President Washington United- States district-judge for the district of Connecticut, and held the position until he died at New London January 26, 1806. Lawler, Joab, was born in North Carolina June 12, 1796; received a public-school education; studied theology; became a licensed preacher; re moved to Mardisville, Alabama; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1826-1831 ; was a State senator 1831-1832; was receiver of public mon eys for the Coosa Land District 1832-1835: was treasurer of the University of Alabama 1833-1836; was elected a representative from Alabama in the Twenty-fourth Congress as a Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-fifth Congress, serving from December 7, 1835, to May 8, 1838, when he died at Washington City. Lawrence, Abbott, was bom at Groton, Mas sachusetts, December 16, 1792; was educated at Groton Academy ; went to Boston, where he became a clerk in the store of his brother, Amos Lawrence, in 1808, and a partner in 1814; made repeated visits to England to purchase goods ; was active in securing the enactment of a protective tariff; was a member of the Boston common council in 1831 ; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Twenty- fourth Congress as a Whig, serving from December 7, 1835, until March 3, 1837; declined a re-election to the Twenty-fifth Congress; was again elected to the Twenty-sixth Congress, serving from December 1, 1839, until 1840, when he resigned ; was a member of the North-east boundary commission in 1842; visited Europe in 1843-1844; was offered by President Taylor a seat in his cabinet as secretary of the navy, and then as secretary of the interior, but, having suc cessively declined, was appointed minister to Great Britain August 20, 1849, and served until October, 1852; advocated the election of General Scott as President; founded the Lawrence Scientific School at Cambridge; and died at Boston, after a long sick ness, August 18, 1855. Lawrence, Cornelius Van Wyck, was born at Flushing, Long Island, February 28, 1791 ; received STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 493 a public-school education; was reared on his father s farm; went to New-York City in 1812, and engaged in mercantile pursuits ; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-third Congress as a Jackson Democrat, serving from December 2, 1833, to May, 1834, when he resigned, having been elected mayor of the city of New York; was a presidential elector on the Van Buren and Johnson ticket in 1836 ; was president of a number of banks and insurance companies ; retired from business in 1850 to Flushing, where he died February 20, 1801. Lawrence, George V., was born in Washing ton County, Pennsylvania, 1818; received a public- school education; was engaged in agricultural pur suits ; was a member of the House of Representatives in the State legislature of Pennsylvania in 1844, 1847, 1858, and 1859; was a member of the State Senate in 1849, 1850, and 1851, and again in 1861, 1802, and 1803, serving the last term as its presiding officer; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-ninth Congress as a Republican, receiving 11,727 votes against 10,112 votes for Jesse Lazear, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Fortieth Con gress as a Republican, receiving 13,391 votes against 11,853 votes for William Montgomery, Democrat, serving from December 4, 1865, to March 3, 1869. Lawrence, John, was born in Cornwall County, England, in 1750, and immigrated to New-York City in 1767; received an academical education; studied law ; was admitted to the bar in 1772, and commenced practice at New York ; served throughout the Revolu tionary war in the First New-York Regiment, and as aide-de-camp and judge-advocate on the staff of Gen eral McDougall; served as judge-advocate-general on the staff of General Washington, and on the court- martial before which Major Andre was tried and con victed ; resumed his practice after peace was declared ; was a delegate from New York in the Continental Congress 1785-1787; was a State senator in 1789; was elected a representative from New York in the First Congress, and was re-elected to the Second Congress, serving from March 4, 1789, to March 2, 1793; was appointed by President Washington judge of the United-States Circuit Court; was elected a United-States senator from New York (in place of Rufus King, resigned), serving from Decem ber 8, 1790, to August, 1800, when he resigned, having served as president pro teinpore of the Senate in De cember, 1798 ; died at New- York City November 7, 1810. Lawrence, John "W., was born at Flushing, Long Island ; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1841-1842 ; was elected a representa tive from New York in the Twenty-ninth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 6,132 votes against 4,935 votes for Cogswell, Whig, serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1847. Lawrence, Joseph, was born in Adams County, Pennsylvania, in 1788; removed when a child to Washington County; received a public-school educa tion; was raised on a farm, and devoted himself to agriculfural pursuits; was a member of the State House of Representatives for nine successive ses sions, serving the last four as speaker; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Nineteenth Congress as a Democrat, and was re-elected to the Twentieth Congress, serving from December 5, 1825, to March 3, 1829 ; was again a member of the State House of Representatives; was State treasurer of Pennsylvania; was again elected to the Twenty- seventh Congress, serving from May 31, 1841, to April 17, 1842; he was summoned home to attend the death-beds of a son and a daughter, and, when he returned to his post, brought with him the seeds of the malady which had robbed him of his children, and died at Washington City April 17, 1842. Lawrence, Samuel, was born in the State of New York; resided at Johnson s Settlement; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1808- 1809 and 1818; was elected a representative from New York in the Eighteenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1823, to March 3, 1825. Lawrence, Sidney, was born in Vermont; re ceived a public-school education; removed to Moira, Franklin County, New York; was elected a represen tative from New York in the Thirtieth Congress, serving from December 0, 1847, to March 3, 1849. Lawrence, "William, was born at Washington, Ohio, September 2, 1814; received a classical educa tion, graduating at Jefferson College, Pennsylvania, in 1835; became a farmer and a merchant; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1843 ; was a presidential elector on the Cass and But ler ticket in 1848; was a delegate to the State Consti tutional Convention in 1850; was a member of the State Senate 1850-1857 ; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Demo crat, receiving 8,085 votes against 6,805 votes for Albright. Republican, serving from December 7, 1857, to March 3, 1859. Lawrence, "William, was born at Mount Pleas ant, Ohio, June 26. 1819 ; graduated at Franklin Col lege, Ohio, and afterward at the Cincinnati Law School; was a reporter for "The Columbus State Journal," and subsequently edited " The Logan Ga zette " and "The Western Law Monthly;" was bankrupt commissioner for Logan County in 1842; was prosecuting-attorney for Logan County in 1845 ; was a member of the State House of Representatives of Ohio in 1846 and 1847 ; was a member of the State Senate of Ohio in 1848 and 1853; was elected re porter of the Supreme Court of Ohio in 1851; was elected judge of the Court of Common Pleas in 1850 for five years, re-elected in 1801, and resigned in 1804; was in the Union army in 1802 as colonel of the Eighty-fourth Ohio Volunteers; was appointed United-States judge in Florida in 1863; elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirty-ninth Con gress as a Republican, receiving 12,242 votes against 9,578 votes for James F. McKinney, Democrat; was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, receiving 13,303 votes against 11,059 votes for McKinney, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress, receiving 13,656 votes against 13,027 votes for Leedom, Demo crat, serving from December 4, 1865, to March 3, 1871 ; was again elected to the Forty-third Congress, receiving 14,748 votes against 10,705 votes for J. J. Masson, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Forty- fourth Congress, receiving 10,756 votes against 10,378 votes for Pearson, Democrat, serving from Decem ber 1, 1873, to March 8, 1877. Lawrence, William T., was born at New York May 7, 1788; received a public-school educa tion ; engaged in mercantile pursuits ; served in the war of 1812 as captain of volunteer artillery; re moved to Cayutaville, New York, in 1823, and be came a farmer; was county-judge of Cayuga County in 1838; was a delegate to several political conven tions ; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirtieth Congress, serving from December 0, 1847, to March 3, 1849. Lawson, John D., was horn at Montgomery, New York, February 18, 1816; was educated at the high school of his native village ; was a merchant in the city of New York, importing English and Conti nental goods for over twenty-five years, and retired from business in 1808; was a delegate to the National Republican Conventions of 1808 and 1872; declined public office until elected a representative from New York in the Forty-third Congress as a Republican, receiving 13,305 votes against 9,395 votes for Charles P. Shaw, Liberal Republican and Democrat, serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1875. Lawyer, Thomas, was born at Cobleskill, New York ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1816 ; was elected a representative from New York in the Fifteenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1817, to March 3, 1819. Lay, George "W., was born in New York; re ceived a classical education; studied law; was admit- 494 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. ted to the bar, and commenced practice at Batavia as a member of the firm of Merrill, Lay, & Soper; was a leader in the political movements based on the alleged abduction of William Morgan from Batavia by the Freemasons ; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-third Congress as a Whig, and was re-elected to the Twenty-fourth Congress, serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1837; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1840; was appointed by President Tyler cliarrje d affaires to Sweden, serving May 12. 1842-October 29, 1845; was confined to his house from the effects of a paralytic stroke and other distressing maladies during the later years of his life, and died at Batavia, New York, October 28, I860. Lazear, Jesse, was born in Greene County, Pennsylvania, December 12, 1804; was reared on a f arm, receiving a home education ; was clerk in the office of the county recorder and register, and, when he became of age, was elected to that office; was cashier of the Farmers and Drovers Bank at Waynes- burg 1832-1864; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-seventh Congress as a Democrat, receiving 10,607 votes against 9,443 votes for Stewart, Republican ; was re-elected to the Thir ty-eighth Congress, receiving 9,984 votes against 9,547 votes for Wallace, Republican, serving from July 4, 1861, to March 3, 1865 ; was a delegate to the National Union Convention at Philadelphia in 1860; died in Baltimore County, Maryland, September 2, 1877. Lea, Luke, was born in Surry County, North Carolina, January 26, 1782; received a public-school education ; removed in 1790 with his father to Ten nessee ; was clerk of the State House of Representa tives ; served as an officer of volunteers under Gen eral Jackson in the Creek and the Seminole wars; was for many years cashier of the State Bank of Tennessee, and register of the State land-office; was elected a representative from Tennessee in the Twen ty-third Congress as a Democrat, defeating Williams and Gillespie; was re-elected to the Twenty-fourth Congress as a Union Democrat, receiving 4,213 votes against 4,038 votes for Clowney, Nullifier, serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1837; was ap pointed by President Taylor Indian agent at Fort Leaven worth; and, while returning from a visit to the tribes connected with his agency, he was thrown from his horse and killed June 17, 1851. Lea, Pryor, was born in Knox County, Tennes see, in 1794; received a classical education, graduat ing at Greenville College; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1817, and commenced practice at Knox- ville ; served under General Jackson as an officer of volunteers in the Creek war in 1813; was clerk to the State legislature in 1816 ; was United-States attorney for the district of Tennessee in 1824; was elected a representative from Tennessee in the Twentieth Congress as a Jackson Democrat, defeating Thomas D. Arnold, anti-Jackson Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty-first Congress, receiving 4,713 votes against 4,496 votes for Thomas D. Arnold, serving from December 3, 1827, to March 3, 1831 ; was defeat ed as the Democratic candidate for the Twenty-sec ond Congress by Thomas D. Arnold, Whig; removed to Jackson, Mississippi, in 1837, and thence to Goliad, Texas, in 1847. Leach, DeWitt C., was born at Clarence, New York, November 23, 1822; received a public-school education ; was reared on a farm ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1849 and 1850; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Conven tion in 1850; was State librarian in 1855 and 1856; was elected a representative from Michigan in the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Republican, receiving 18,248 votes against 14,524 votes for Peck, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving 16,135 votes against 14,916 votes for Davis, Democrat, sen-ing from December 7, 1857, to March 3, 1861. Leach, James M., was born in Randolph Coun ty, North Carolina; received a classical education; studied law, and practised the profession ; was a mem ber of the House of Commons of North Carolina, by re-elections, for ten years ; was a presidential elector on the Fillmore ticket in 1856; was elected a represen tative from North Carolina in the Thirty-sixth Con gress as a Whig, receiving 8,566 votes against 7,664 votes for Scales, Democrat, serving from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 1861 ; was a member of the Con federate Congress of 1864-1865; was elected to the State Senate of North Carolina twice after the war; was again elected to the Forty-second Congress as a Conservative, receiving 12,541 votes against 11,302 votes for W. L. Scott, Republican ; and was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress by a majority of 258 votes over Judge Thomas Settle, Republican, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1875. Leadbetter, Daniel P., was born in Pennsylva nia; removed to Millersburg, Ohio; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Twenty-fifth Con gress as a Van Buren Democrat ; was re-elected to the Twenty-sixth Congress, serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1841. Leake, Shelton F., was born in Albemarle County, Virginia, November 30, 1812; received a public-school education ; taught school ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar in 1835, and commenced practice at Charlottesville; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1842; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Twenty-ninth Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1847 ; was a presidential elector in 1848 on the Cass and Butler ticket; was elected lieu tenant-governor of Virginia in 1851 ; was defeated as a candidate for governor in 1854 ; was again elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress as an Independent Dem ocrat, receiving 5,003 votes against 3,453 votes for P. Powell, Democrat, serving from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 1861. Leake, Walter, was born in Virginia; removed to Hind s County, Mississippi; was elected a United- States senator from Mississippi, serving from Decem ber 11, 1817, to 1820, when he resigned; was gov ernor of Mississippi 1821-1825; died at Mount Salus, Mississippi, November 17, 1825. Learned, Amasa, was born at Killingly, Con necticut, November 15, 1750; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1772 ; stud ied theology, and was licensed to preach, but soon turned his attention to politics ; was elected a repre sentative from Connecticut in the Second Congress ; was re-elected to the Third Congress, serving from October 24, 1791, to March 3, 1795; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention of 1818; was several years a member of the State House of Rep resentatives ; died at New London, Connecticut, May 4, 1825. Leary, Cornelius L. L., was born at Baltimore, Maryland, October 22, 1813; was educated at St. Mary s College; removed to Louisville, Kentucky, in 1835, and returned to Baltimore in 1837 ; was a mem ber of the Maryland House of Representatives in 1847; studied law; was admitted to the bar*in 1847, and practised at Baltimore ; was a presidential elect or on the Fillmore and Donelson ticket in 1856; was elected a representative from Maryland in tlie Thirty- seventh Congress as a Unionist, receiving 6,702 votes against 6,200 votes for Preston, Peace candidate, serving from July 4, 1861, to March 3, 1863. Leaven-worth, Elias Warren, was born at Canaan, New York, December 26, 1803, and was raised at Great Barrington, Massachusetts; was prepared for college at the Hudson Academy; graduated at Yale College in 1824; commenced the study of law the same year with William Cullen Bryant at Great Barrington, and completed it at the Litchfield Law School in 1825-1826; removed to Syracuse in 1827, and practised law there until 1850; was president of the village of Syracuse in 1838-1840, 1846, and 1847 ; was supervisor of the town of Salina in 1S39-1840, and mayor of the city in 1849 and 1859; was a membei STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 495 of the State legislature in 1850 and 1857; was secre tary of state of New York in 1854-1855 ; was presi dent of the Board of Quarantine Commissioners and also of the State Republican Convention in 1860; was elected a regent of the University, and appointed a commissioner under the convention with New Gra nada in 1861 ; was appointed president of the Board of Commissioners to locate the State Asylum for the Blind, and a trustee of the State Asylum for Idiots in 1865; was elected a trustee of Hamilton College in 1867; was appointed a constitutional commissioner in 1872 ; was president of the Syracuse Savings Bank, of the Gas-Light Company of Syracuse, of the Syra cuse Water-Works Company, and of Oakwood Ceme tery; and was elected a representative from New York in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Republican, receiving 14,949 votes against 11,158 votes for George F. Comstock, Democrat, serving from December 6, 1875, to March 3, 1877. Leavitt, Humphrey H., was born at Suffield, Connecticut, June, 1796; removed when a lad with liis father to Ohio; received an academical educa tion; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1816, and commenced practice at Steubenville; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1825 and 1826, and of the State Senate in 1827; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Twenty- first Congress (in place of John M. Goodenow, re signed) as a Jackson Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty-second and Twenty-third Congresses, serving from December 6, 1830, to June 18, 1834, when he resigned, having been appointed by Presi dent Jackson judge of the United-States District Court for the District of Ohio. Le Blond, Francis C., was bom in Ohio; re ceived an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Celina, Ohio; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1851-1855, serving the last two years as speaker; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, receiv ing 10,561 votes against 6,202 votes for Gatch, Re publican; was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Con gress, receiving 11,048 votes against 8,957 votes for Moses B. Walker, Republican, serving from Decem ber 7, 1863, to March 3, 1867. Lecompte, Joseph, was born in Woodford County, Kentucky; resided at New Castle; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Nine teenth Congress as a Jackson Democrat; was re- elected to the Twentieth, Twenty-first, and Twenty- second Congresses, serving from December 5, 1825, to March 2, 1833. Lee, Arthur (brother of Francis Lightfoot Lee), was born at Stratford, Virginia, December 20, 1740; received a classical education at Eton, in England; studied medicine at the University of Edinburgh, graduating in 1765; travelled in Europe, and, re turning to Virginia, commenced practice at Wil- liamsburg; preferring the law, he went to Lon don to study that profession in 1766, and was admitted to the bar in 1770; acted as agent for Massachusetts in England and France; was ap pointed the correspondent of Congress at London in November, 1775; was appointed a commissioner from Congress to France in September, 1776, and also a commissioner to Spain in May, 1777; returned to the United States in August, 1780; was a member of the Virginia House of Representatives in 1781; was a delegate from Virginia in the Continental Congress 1782-1785 ; was a member of the Treasury Board 1785-1789; retired to a farm on the banks of the Rappahannock River, Virginia, where he died December 14, 1792. His " Life and Correspond ence " was published by his grand-nephew, R. H. Lee, in 1829. Lee, Francis Lightfoot (brother of Richard Henry Lee), was born at Stratford, Virginia, Octo ber 14, 1734; received a classical education under the direction of Rev. Mr. Craig; was a member of the Virginia House of Burgesses 1765-1772 ; was a delegate from Virginia to the Continental Congress 1775-1779; was a member of the State Senate; died at Richmond, Virginia, April 3, 1797. Lee, Gideon, Avas born at Amherst, Massachu setts, in 1777; received a public-school education; learned the shoemaker s trade at Northampton; re moved to New York, where he entered into business as a tanner, and dealer in leather; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1822 ; was an alderman of the city of New York in 1828; was mayor of the city of New York in 1833; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty- fourth Congress as a Jackson Democrat, receiving 10,037 votes against 8,920 votes for James Monroe, and 3,577 votes for C. G. Ferris, serving from Decem ber 7, 1835, to March 3, 1837; removed in 1838 to Geneva, New York, and died there August 21, 1841. Lee, Henry, was born in Westmoreland County, Virginia, January 29, 1756 ; received a classical edu cation; graduated at Princeton College 1754; entered the Revolutionary army in 1776 as a captain of light horse, and served until after the surrender at York- town in 1781; was chosen a delegate to the Conti nental Congress in 1786; was a member of the Vir ginia Convention of 1798 on the adoption of the Federal Constitution, which he advocated ; was gov ernor of Virginia 1792-1795 ; was appointed by Gen eral Washington to command the Virginia forces called out to suppress the Whiskey Insurrection ; was elected to the Sixth Congress as a Federalist, and served from December 2, 1799, until March 3, 1801, when he retired to private life ; becoming involved, he was imprisoned for debt in 1809, and, while in jail, wrote " Memoirs of the Southern Campaign; " while aiding in the defence of the Baltimore " Federal Republican" against the attack of a political mob in 1812, he was so severely injured that he never recovered; a visit to the West Indies failed to restore his health, and, after his return, he died at Cumber land Island March 25, 1818. Lee, Henry B., was born at New- York City; was elected a representative from New York in the Fifteenth Congress, but died before taking his seat, at New York, February 18, 1817. Lee, John, was born in Maryland; resided at Petersville ; was elected a representative from Mary land in the Eighteenth Congress as a Federalist, receiving 52 majority over the Democratic candidate, serving from December 1, 1823, to March 3, 1825. Lee, Joshua, was born in New York ; resided at Pen Yan ; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1833; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 7, 1835, to March 3, 1837. Lee, M. Lindley, was born at Minisink, New York, May 29, 1805 ; was reared on a farm ; by his own industry received a classical education, graduating at Union College in 1827; studied medicine, graduating from the College of Physicians and Surgeons of Western New York in 1830; practised medicine at Fulton, Orange County; was postmaster at Fulton 1840-1844; was a member of the State House of Rep resentatives in 1846 and 1847; was State commis sioner of loans 1847-1850; was elected State senator in 1865 ; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Republican, receiv ing 11,450 votes against 7,425 votes for Tyler, Demo crat, and 1,065 for Perry, American, serving from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 1861. Lee, Richard Bland, was born in Virginia in 1762 ; was elected a representative from Virginia in the First Congress; was re-elected to the Second and Third Congresses, serving from March 4, 1789, to March 3, 1795; died March 12, 1827. Lee, Richard Henry, was born at Stratford, Virginia, January 20, 1732; was sent to England to receive his education at Wakefield Academy, York shire, and returned in 1751 ; tendered his services to 496 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. General Brad dock as captain of rangers in 1755, but they were declined; was chosen a delegate to the House of Burgesses in 1757, and took an active part in Revolutionary movements ; was a member of the First Congress in 1774, and drew up the most im- Sortant documents adopted; introduced a motion une 7, 1770, to declare independence, and, when it was adopted, would have been the chairman of the committee appointed to draw up the declaration had not illness in his family called him home, when Mr. Jefferson was substituted; was re-elected to Congress in 1778, but retired in 1780, and declined being again elected until 1784, serving meanwhile in the State legislature, and, as colonel of the militia of his county, repelled the invading Britons ; was unan imously chosen president of Congress in 1784, but retired at the end of the year, and in 1780 was again elected a member of the General Assembly ; was a member of the Virginia Convention of 1788 on the adoption of the Federal Constitution ; was appointed one of the senators from Virginia in the First Con gress ; took his seat April 6, 1780 ; was chosen presi dent pro tempore, and resigned on account of ill health in the fall of 1792; died at Chantilly, Virginia, June 19, 1794. Lee, Silas, was born in Massachusetts; received a classical education, graduating at Harvard College in 1784; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1793, 1797, and 1798; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Sixth and Seventh Congresses as a Federalist, serving from December 2, 171)9, to 1802, when he re signed; was judge of probate 1805-1814; was chief judge of the Court of Common Pleas; was United- States district-attorney; died in 1814. Lee, Thomas, was born in New Jersey; resided at Port Elizabeth ; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Twenty-third Congress as a Jack son Democrat; and was re-elected to the Twenty- fourth Congress, serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1837. Lee, Thomas Sim, was born in Frederick County, Virginia, in 1744; received a thorough edu cation from private tutors ; removed to Maryland ; held several local offices ; was governor of Maryland 1779-1783; was a delegate from Maryland to the Continental Congress 1783-1784; was a delegate to the State Convention which ratilied the Federal Constitution; was again governor of Maryland 1792- 1794; was elected United-States senator from Mary land in 1794, but declined ; died at Needwood, Fred erick County, Virginia, November 9, 1819. Leet, Isaac, was born at Washington, Pennsyl vania, in 1802 ; received an academic education ; was a member of the State Senate for four years ; held at different periods of his life the offices of deputy State s attorney and county treasurer; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty- sixth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 3,500 votes against 3,483 votes for Joseph Lawrence, Whig, serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1841; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Twenty-seventh Congress by Joseph Lawrence, Whig, who did not live to take his seat; died at Washington, Pennsylvania, June 10, 1844. Lefever, Joseph, was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twelfth Congress, serving from November 4, 1811, to March 3, 1813. Lefferts, John, was born at Brooklyn, New York; received a public-school education; was elect ed a representative from New York in the Thirteenth Congress as a Democrat, serving from May 24, 1813, to March 2, 1815; was a delegate to the State Consti tutional Convention in 1821 ; was a member of the State Senate 1822-1825; died at Brooklyn May 7, 1841. Leffler, Isaac, was born in Washington County, Pennsylvania, November, 1788; received a classical education, graduating at Jefferson College; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice at Wheeling, Virginia; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1817-1825; was a member of the State Board of Public Works 1827; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Twentieth Congress, receiving 792 votes against 378 votes for Johnson, and 118 votes for Haymond, serv ing from December 3, 1827, to March 3, 1829; was again a member of the Virginia House of Repre sentatives in 1832; removed to Wisconsin in 1835; was a member of the Wisconsin House of Repre sentatives in 1837 and 1838, serving the last year as speaker; removed to Iowa in 1839; was a member of the Iowa House of Representatives; was marshal of Iowa in 1843 ; was appointed register of the land- office at Stillwater in 1849, but declined; was ap pointed receiver at the land-office at Stillwater in 1852, and served until 1857. Leffler, Shepherd, was born in Pennsylvania; received an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, but removed to Burlington, Iowa, and devoted himself to agricultural pursuits; was elected a representative from Iowa in the Twen ty-ninth Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the thirtieth Congress, receiving 5,159 votes against 4,873 votes for McKnight, Whig; and was re-elected to the Thirty-first Congress, receiving 5,789 votes against 5,398 votes for Davis, Whig, serving from December 29, 1840, to March 3, 1851; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for governor of Iowa in 1875. Leftwich, Jabez, was born in Bedford County, Virginia; received a public-school education; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Sev enteenth Congress, receiving 081 majority over Gal loway; was re-elected to the Eighteenth Congress, receiving 210 majority over N. II. Claiborne, serving from December 3, 1821, to March 3, 1825; was de feated as a candidate for the Nineteenth Congress by N. H. Claiborne. Leftwich, John "W., was born in Bedford County, Virginia, September 7, 1820 ; received a pub lic-school education ; studied medicine at the Phila delphia Medical College, graduating in 1850; removed to Memphis, Tennessee, where he engaged in mer cantile pursuits; was elected a representative from Tennessee in the Thirty-ninth Congress as a Con servative, receiving 1,308 votes against 525 votes for Saunders, and serving from July 25, 1800, to March 3, 1807; was a delegate to the National Democratic Convention at New York in 1808; died at Lynch- burg, Virginia, in June, 1870. Legare, Hugh Swinton, was born at Charles ton, South Carolina, January 2, 1797; received a liberal education, graduating at the College of South Carolina in 1814; studied law; went abroad, when he attended lectures on jurisprudence at Paris and Edinburgh; was admitted to the bar at Charleston in 1822, and practised there; was an anti-nullification member of the Lower House of the legislature of South Carolina in 1820-1822, 1824-1830; was attor ney-general of South Carolina in 1830-1832; was the principal contributor to "The Southern Review" 1827-1832; was charge d affaires at Brussels 1832- 1830; returned home, and was elected a representa tive from South Carolina in the Twenty-fifth Con gress as a Union Democrat, receiving a small majority over Henry L. Pinckney, Nullifier; was an unsuc cessful Union candidate against S. E. Holmes for re-election to the Thirty-sixth Congress; resumed practice; contributed to "The New-York Review;" was appointed attorney-general of the United States September 13, 1841; and died suddenly at Boston, where he had gone with the President to attend a celebration of the battle of Bunker Hill, June 20, 1843. Lehman, "William E., was born at Philadel phia, Pennsylvania, August 21, 1822; received a clas sical education, graduating at the University of Pennsylvania in 1843 ; studied law ; was admitted to STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 497 the bar, and practised at Philadelphia; visited Eu rope; was appointed by President Polk an examiner of post-offices in Pennsylvania and New York ; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-seventh Congress as a Democrat, defeatin^ Butler, Republican, serving from July 4, 1861. to March 3, 1863 ; was a United-States provost-marshal 1863-1805. Leib, Michael, was born at Philadelphia, Penn sylvania, in 1759; received a public-school education; studied medicine, and practised at Philadelphia; was a member of the State House of Representatives; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Sixth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 1,111 votes against 847 votes for Anthony Morris, Feder alist; was re-elected to the Seventh, Eighth, and Nintli Congresses, serving from December 2, 1799, to 1806, when he resigned ; was a presidential elector on the Madison and Clinton ticket in 1808; was elected a United-States senator from Pennsylvania (in place of Samuel Maclay, resigned), serving from January 19, 1809, to 1814, when he resigned, having been appointed postmaster of Philadelphia; was again a member of the State House of Representa tives; died at Philadelphia December 28, 1822. Leib, Owen D., was born at Schuylkill, Penn sylvania; received a classical education; studied med icine, and practised atCatawissa, Pennsylvania; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-ninth Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1847; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Thirtieth Congress by Chester Butler, Whig; died at Catawissa, Penn sylvania, June 17, 1848. Leidy, Paul, was born at Hemlock, Pennsyl vania, November 21, 1813; received a public-school education; was reared on a farm; was apprenticed to the tailor s trade; taught school, studying law at the same time ; was admitted to the bar, and com menced practice at Danville, Pennsylvania ; was district-attorney for his judicial district for five years; was county superintendent of schools; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, receiving a large majority over Smith B. Thompson, Whig, serving from December 7, 1857, to March 3, 1859. Leigh, Benjamin Watkins, was born in Ches terfield County, Virginia, June 18, 1781; received a classical education, graduating at William and Mary College in 1802; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1802 ; commenced practice at Petersburg, and removed in 1813 to Richmond, Virginia; was a mem ber of the State legislature, and a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention of 1830-1831; was for twelve years official reporter of the State Court of Appeals ; was elected a United-States senator from Virginia in 1834 as a Whig (to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of William C. Rives, Democrat, who had declined to obey the instructions of the legislature), and was re-elected at the next session of the legislature for six years, defeating Mr. Rives by four votes ; in 1836 the political complexion of the legislature of Virginia had changed ; Mr. Leigh re signed because he could not obey the instructions given him, and Mr. Rives was again elected to fill the vacancy thus created ; Mr. Leigh served from March 5, 1834, to July 4, 1836, and retired to private life, dying at Richmond, Virginia, February 2, 1849. He published twelve volumes of Virginia Reports 1829-1841. Leiper, George C., was born at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, in 1786; received a public-school edu cation; engaged in quarrying stone; built in 1809 the first railroad on the American continent from his quarries in Delaware County to Ridley Creek, a distance of one mile; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-first Congress as a Jackson Democrat, serving from December 7, 1829, to March 3, 1831 ; died at Leipidia, Pennsylvania, November 17, 18G8. Leiter, Benjamin P., was born at Leitersburg, Maryland, October 13, 1813; received a home educa tion; taught school 1830-1S34; removed to Ohio, where he taught school and studied law; was ad mitted to the bar in 1842, and commenced practice at Canton ; was a member of the State legislature of Ohio in 1848 and 1849, serving the last year as speak er; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirty-fourth Congress as a Republican, receiving 8,738 votes against 5,023 votes for Spalding, Demo crat ; was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, re ceiving 9,394 votes against 6,799 votes for Lahm, Democrat, serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1859. Le Moyne, J. V., was born in Washington County, Pennsylvania, in 1828; received a classical education, graduating from Washington College in 1847; studied law at Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, and was admitted to the bar there in 1852 ; removed im mediately to Chicago, and has practised law there ever since, never holding any public office ; was nom inated for Congress in 1872 "by the Liberals, and was defeated by C. B. Farwell, Republican, by 4,240 ma jority ; was elected a representative from Illinois in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 106 majority over Charles B. Farwell, Republican, serving from May 6, 1876, to March 3, 1877 ; was de feated as the Democratic candidate for the Forty- fifth Congress, receiving 11,435 votes against 11,843 votes for L. Bretans, Republican. Lent, James, was born at Newtown, New York; engaged in mercantile pursuits at New-York City, and visited India and China; was elected a repre sentative from New York in the Twenty-first Con gress as a Jackson Democrat ; was re-elected to the Twenty-second Congress, serving from December 7, 1829, to February 20, 1833, when he died, after a short but exceedingly severe illness, at Washington City. Leonard, George, was born at Norton, Massa chusetts, July 4, 1729; received a classical education, raduating at Harvard College in 1748; was ap pointed by Governor Shirley register of probate in 1748; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in his native town, rather as an amusement than an occupation, so large was his estate; was a member of the Provincial House of Representatives, a Provincial councillor, and judge of probate ; was elected a representative from Massa chusetts in the First Congress, serving from March 4, 17S9, until March 3, 1791 ; and was again elected to the Fourth Congress, serving from December 7, 1795, until March 3, 1797; was a judge of the Court of Common Pleas; was again a member of the State House of Representatives; was a State senator; died at Raynham, Massachusetts, July 26, 1819. Leonard, Moses G., was born in Connecticut; received a public-school education; removed to New- York City ; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 5,282 votes against 4,389 votes for Scales, Whig, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1845; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Twenty-ninth Congress, receiving 6,009 votes against 6,214 votes for Thomas M. Woodruff, Native American; was for several years commissioner of migration at New-York City. Leonard, Stephen B., was born in New York; received a public-school education; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 7, 1835, to March 3, 1837 ; was defeated as the Demo- ratic candidate for the Twenty-fifth Congress by Abraham P. Grant ; was again elected to the Twen- ;y-sixth Congress, receiving 9,152 votes against 8,725 votes for John Miller, Whig, serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1841. Leonards, John Edward, was born in Chester ounty, Pennsylvania, September 22, 1845; was ed ucated in early youth at Phillips Exeter Academy, 498 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. New Hampshire ; graduated at Harvard College in 18G7; studied the civil law in Germany, and received the decree of doctor of laws from the University at Heidelberg; settled in Louisiana upon the comple tion of his studies, and began the practice of the law in the Thirteenth Judicial District; was for some time district-attorney ; was appointed a judge of the Supreme Court of Louisiana; was elected a repre sentative from Louisiana in the Forty-fifth Congress as a Republican, receiving 13,881 votes against 9,212 votes for W. W. Farmer, Democrat, according to the certificate of Governor Kellogg, and 14,423 votes against 13,016 votes for W. W. Farmer, according to the certificate of Governor Nicholls ; visited Cuba to see a young lady to whom he had become attached, and was seized by the yellow-fever, of which he died at Havana March 15, 1878. His remains were brought to the United States, and interred in Chester County, Pennsylvania. Letcher, John, was born at Lexington, Rock- bridge County, Virginia, March 28, 1813; received a classical education, graduating at Randolph Macon College; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1839, and commenced practice at Lexington, Vir ginia; established and edited "The Valley Star;" was a presidential elector on the Cass and Butler ticket in 1848 ; was a delegate to the State Constitu tional Convention in 1850 ; was elected a representa tive from Virginia in the Thirty-second Congress as a Democrat, receiving no opposition ; was re-elected to the Thirty-third Congress, receiving no opposition ; was re-elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress, receiv ing no opposition ; and was re-elected to the Thirty- fifth Congress, receiving no opposition, serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1859; was governor of Virginia 18GO-1SG4. Letcher, Robert P., was born in Goochland County, Virginia; received an academic education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and com menced practice at Lancaster, Kentucky; was for several successive years a member of the State House of Representatives, serving one year as speaker ; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Eighteenth Congress as a Clay Democrat, receiving 288 majority; was re-elected to the Nineteenth Con gress, defeating John Speed Smith; was re-elected to the Twentieth, Twenty-first, and Twenty-second Congresses ; was re-elected to the Twenty-third Con gress as a Whig, receiving 3,055 votes against 3,044 votes for Thomas P. Moore, Democrat, who, how ever, claimed to have received 55 more votes, and obtained a certificate of election, but the House, after prolonged discussion, gave the seat to Mr. Letcher, who served from December 1, 1823, to March 3, 1835; was a presidential elector on the Harrison and Granger ticket in 1836 ; was governor of Kentucky 1840-1844; was appointed by President Fillmore minister plenipotentiary to Mexico, serving from August 9, 1849, until August 3, 1852; died at Frankfort, Kentucky, January 24, 1861. Levin, Lewis C., was bom at Charleston, South Carolina, November 10, 1^08; received a classical education, graduating at Columbia College, South Carolina; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised successively in Maryland, Louisiana, Ken tucky, and Pennsylvania, finally locating at Philadel phia; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-ninth Congress as a Native American; was re-elected to the Thirtieth and Thirty-first Con gresses, serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1&51. Levy, David, was born at St. Thomas in 1811, but was taken by his father to Virginia early in life, and received a classical education ; removed to Flori da in 1824; studied law, and engaged in planting; was elected a delegate from Florida Territory in the Twenty-seventh Congress as a Democrat; was re- elected to the Twenty-eighth Congress, serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1845; changed his name to David Levy Yulee ; was a delegate to the State Con stitutional Convention; was a United-States senator from Florida from December 1, 1845, until he with drew in I860 to follow the fortunes of the Southern Confederacy ; was confined in Fort Pulaski as a pris oner of state in 18G5. Levy, "William. M., was born in Isle of Wight County, Virginia, October 30, 1827; received a clas sical and collegiate education; studied law in Vir ginia, and was admitted to the bar; served in the First Virginia Volunteers in the Mexican war; removed to Louisiana in 1852, and engaged in the practice of law; was a member of the State House of Represen tatives of Louisiana in 1859-1861 ; was a presidential elector on the Breckinridge and Lane ticket in 1860 ; served in the Confederate army, participating in the engagements on the Peninsula in 1861 and 1862, and thereafter, until the close of the war, in the adjutant and inspector general s department on the staff of General Dick Taylor; and was elected a representa tive from Louisiana in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 11,785 votes against 7,593 votes for George L. Smith, Republican, serving from De cember 6, 1875, to March 3, 1877. Lewis, Abner, was born in Chautauqua Coun ty, New York ; received a public-school education ; resided at Panama ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1838 and 1839; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-ninth Congress as a Whig, receiving 8,299 votes against 3,446 votes for Campbell, Democrat, and 2,114 votes for Allen, Abolitionist, serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1847. Lewis, Barbour, was born at Alburg, Vermont, in 1824; received his early education in common schools in Canada, Vermont, and New York ; gradu ated at Illinois College, at Jacksonville, Illinois, in 1846; was a teacher for some years at Mobile, Ala bama, and then studied law at the law-schools at Albany, New York, and at Cambridge, Massachu setts, and is a lawyer by profession; entered the Union army as a captain of volunteers August 1, 1861, and served until November, 1864; in March, 1863, was appointed judge for the district of Mem phis by the military authorities, and served as such during 1863 and 1804; in March, 1867, was appointed by Governor Brownlow president of the Board of County Commissioners of Shelby County, and held the office until November, 18C9; was elected a repre sentative from Tennessee in the Forty-third Congress as a Republican, receiving 13, 784 votes against 10,541 votes for L. C. Haines, Democrat, serving from De cember 1, 1873, to March 3, 1875. Lewis, Burwell Boykin, was born at Mont gomery, Alabama, July 7, 1838; received a classical education, graduating at the University of Alabama in 1857; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1859, and commenced practice at Montevallo ; was a presidential elector in 1868 on the Seymour and Blair ticket ; served in the Confederate army as an officer in the Second Alabama Cavalry; was a mem ber of the State House of Representatives of Ala bama in 1870-1872; removed to Tuscaloosa in 1872; was largely interested in developing the mineral resources of Alabama, and is the principal owner of the Central Iron Works at Helena; was elected a representative from Alabama in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 106,023 votes against 90,938 votes for A. White, Republican, serv ing from December 6, 1875, to March 3, 1877. Lewis, Charles S., was born at Clarksburg, Virginia; received a thorough English education; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Thirty-third Congress (in place of John F. Snod- grass, deceased) as a Democrat, serving from Decem ber 4, 1854, to March 3, 1855. Lewis, Dixon Hall, was born in Dinwiddie County, Virginia, August 10, 1802; his family re moved when he was young to Hancock County, Georgia; he received a classical education at Mount- Zion Academy, and graduated at tlie University of STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 499 South Carolina; removing to Autauga County, Ala bama, in 1822, he studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice; when twenty-one years of age he weighed three hundred and thirty pounds, and subsequently weighed four hundred and thirty pounds, which made it necessary for him to pay for two seats in the stage-coaches, and to have bedsteads and chairs made for his especial use; he was a member of the State House of Representatives of Alabama in 1825-1827 ; he was elected a repre sentative from Alabama in the Twenty-first Congress as a State-rights Democrat; was successively re- elected to the Twenty-second, Twenty-third, Twenty- fourth, Twenty-fifth, Twenty-sixth, Twenty-seventh, and Twenty-eighth Congresses, serving from Decem ber 7, 1829, until he was appointed United-States senator in 1844 (to fill a vacancy caused by the resignation of W. II. King, appointed minister to France); and was elected senator in 1847, defeating W. R. King, Democrat, and A. F. Hopkins. Whig, serving from May 7, 1844, until his death, while on a visit to the city of New York, October 25, 1848. Lewis, Francis, was born at Llandaff, Wales, March, 1713; received an education at Westminster School, London; immigrated to North America in 1735, and established himself in mercantile pursuits at the city of New York; was an agent for supplying the British troops in the expedition against Canada in 1750; was taken prisoner at Fort Oswego, and was sent to Quebec, and thence to France, as a prisoner of war ; on his release he returned to New York, where he took an active part in pre-Revolu- tionary movements ; was a delegate from New York to the Continental Congress 1776-1779; after a suc cessful business career, his property was sacrificed to his patriotism; he died in comparative poverty at New York December 30, 1803. Lewis, John F., was born near Port Republic, Virginia, March 1, 1818; was raised as a farmer, which occupation he followed ; was elected in 1861 to the convention called for the purpose of determin ing whether Virginia should remain in the Union or cast her lot with the Gulf States, and was the only member of that body who refused to sign the ordi nance of secession; was the Union candidate for Congress in the Sixth District in 1865, and was defeated by A. H. H. Stuart; was nominated by the " true Republican party" in 18(39 as a candidate for lieutenant-governor on the ticket with Gilbert C. Walker, and was elected by about 20,000 majority, leading his ticket several thousand votes ; was elected United-States senator from Virginia as a Republican in November, 1869; took his seat January 24, 1870, and served until March 3, 1875. Lewis, Joseph, jun., was born in Virginia in 1772; resided at Clifton; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Eighth Congress as a Federalist; was re-elected to the Ninth, Tenth, Eleventh, Twelfth, Thirteenth, and Fourteenth Congresses, serving from October 17, 1803, to March 3, 1817; died at Clifton, Virginia, March 30, 1834. Lewis, Joseph H., was born in Barren County, Kentucky, October 29, 1824; graduated in 1843 at Centre College, Danville, Kentucky; studied and practised law; was a member of the House of Rep resentatives of Kentucky in 1S50-1851, 1851-1852, 1852-1853, and 1869-1870; and was elected a repre sentative from Kentucky in the Forty-first Congress (in place of J. S. Golladay, resigned) in April, 1870, as a Democrat, defeating Lowry, Republican; and was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress, receiv ing 7,314 votes against 5,657 votes for D. R. Carr, Republican, serving from May 10, 1870, to March 3, 1873. Lewis, Thomas, was born in Virginia; received a public-school education; was elected a representa tive from Virginia in the Eighth Congress as a Democrat, serving from October 17, 1803, to March 5, 1804, when (his election having been successfully contested by Andrew Moore) he was superseded. Lewis, William J., was born near Lynchburg, Virginia; received a public-school education; was for several years a member of the State House c f Representatives; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Fifteenth Congress as a Democrat without opposition, serving from December 1, 1817, to March 3, 1819; was a zealous friend of internal improvement; and died near Lynchburg, Virginia, November 1, 1828. L Hommedieu, Ezra, was born at Southold, Long Island, New York, August 30, 1724; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1744; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at New- York City; was a delegate to the Provincial Congress 1775-1778; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1777-17S3; was a delegate from New York to the Continental Congress 1779. 1781, 1783, 1787, and 1788; was a State senator 1784-1792 and 1794-1809; was a regent of the Uni versity of the State of New York 17b7-1811; died at Southold, Long Island, September 28. 1811. Ligon, Robert F., was born in Clarke County, Georgia ; received an academic education ; removed to Alabama before his majority; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and is now a practising lawyer and planter; was engaged in the war with Mexico as captain of a volunteer company; was a member <:f the State House of Representatives in 1849-1850, and of the State Senate in 1860, and re-elected in 1863; served in the Confederate army as captain; was lieutenant-governor of Alabama in 1874; was elected a representative from Alabama in the Forty- fifth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 13,107 votes against 6,821 votes for D. B. Booth, Republican, serving from October 15, 1877. Ligon, Thomas Watkins, was born in Prince Edward County, Virginia; received a classical edu cation, graduating at the University of Virginia; studied law at the Yale Law School ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Baltimore; removed to Ellicott s Mills, and thence to Elkton ; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Twenty-ninth Congress as a Democrat; was re- elected to the Thirtieth Congress, serving from De cember 1, 1845, to March 3, 1849; was governor of Maryland 1854-1858. Lilly, Samuel, was born in New York; re ceived a classical education; studied medicine, and practised at Lambertville; was elected a representa tive from New Jersey in the Thirty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 10,193 votes against 8,315 votes for Brown, Whig, serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855. Lincoln, Abraham, was born in Hardin County, Kentucky, February 12, 1809; his parents removed in 1816 to Pigeon Creek, Indiana; worked on his father s farm, receiving some education at the village school; when nineteen years of age made a trip to New Orleans as a boatman; removed to Macon County, Illinois, in 1830; was a private in the thirty-days service in the Black Hawk war, and was elected captain when the call for sixty days service was made; in 1832 was appointed postmaster at New Salem ; was a land-surveyor, and began to study law; was a member of the State legislature 1834-1841 ; was admitted to the bar in 1836, and commenced practice at Springfield in 1837; can vassed the State of Illinois for Henry Clay in 1844 ; was elected a representative from Illinois in the Thirtieth Congress as a Whig, receiving 6,340 votes against 4,829 votes for Cartwright, Democrat, and 249 votes for Walcott, Abolitionist, and serving from December 6, 1847, to March 3, 1849 ; applied for ap pointment as commissioner of the General Land Office; canvassed Illinois in 1858 as candidate for United-States senator in opposition to Stephen A. Douglas, who was elected by the legislature, although the popular vote gave Lincoln a majority of over 4,000; was elected President of the United States in 1860 as a Republican, receiving 180 electoral votes 500 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. against 72 electoral votes for John C. Breckinridge, 39 electoral votes for John Bell, and 12 electoral votes for S. A. Douglas; was inaugurated March 4, 1801; issued the first call for troops April 15, 1801, and the proclamation of emancipation January 1, 1803 ; was re-elected President in 1804, receiving 212 electoral votes against 21 electoral votes for George B. McClellan; was assassinated by J. Wilkes Booth April 14, and died April 15, 1805. Lincoln, Enoch, (son of Levi Lincoln, and brother of Levi Lincoln), was born at Worcester, Massachusetts, December 28, 1788; received a clas sical education, graduating at Harvard College in 1807; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Salem ; he soon removed to Worcester, thence to Fryeburg (now Maine), and thence to Paris (now Maine), where he located per manently; was elected a representative from a dis trict in Massachusetts (now in Maine) in the Fif teenth Congress (in place of Albion K. Parris, resigned), and was re-elected to the Sixteenth Con gress, serving from November 10, 1818, to March 3. 1821 ; Maine became a State ; was elected a repre sentative from Maine in the Seventeenth Congress ; was re-elected to the Eighteenth Congress, and was re-elected to the Nineteenth Congress, serving from December 3, 1821, to 1820, when he resigned, having been elected governor of Maine; served as governor until his death, which took place at Augusta, Maine ( whither he had gone to attend the examination of a female academy), after three days illness, October 8, 1829. Lincoln, Levi (father of Enoch Lincoln and of Levi Lincoln), was born at Hingham, Massachu setts, May 15, 1749; received a classical education, graduating at Harvard College in 1772 ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar in 1774, and commenced practice at Worcester; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Sixth Congress (in place of D wight Foster, elected senator) as a Whig, serv ing from February 0, 1801, to March 3, 1801. Lincoln, Levi (son of Levi Lincoln, and brother of Enoch Lincoln), was born in Massachusetts Octo ber 25, 1782 ; received a classical education, gradu ating at Harvard College in 1802 ; studied law with his father; was admitted to the bar in 1805, and commenced practice; was a Democratic member of the State Senate in 1812, and of the State House of Eepresentatives 1814-1822; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention of 1820; was elected lieutenant-governor of Massachusetts in 1823; was appointed associate justice of the Supreme Court in 1824; was elected governor of Massachusetts 1825- 18^54; was elected a representative from Massachu setts in the Twenty-third Congress (in place of John Davis, resigned) as a Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-fourth Congress; was re-elected to the Twen ty-fifth Congress, receiving 4,034 votes against 2.530 votes for other candidates; and was re-elected to the Twenty-sixth Congress, serving from March 5, 1834, to March 3, 1841 ; was collector of the port of Boston 1841 ; was again elected a member of the State Senate, and its president; was a presidential elector on the Taylor and Fillmore ticket; was the first mayor of Worcester in 1848; was a member of several anti quarian, historical, and agricultural societies; and died_at Worcester, Massachusetts, May 29, 1868. Lincoln, William S., was born in Newark Valley, New York, August 13, 1813; received a pub lic-school education; engaged in mercantile pursuits, and subsequently in the manufacture of leather; was postmaster of Newark Valley from 1838 to 1800 ; was elected a representative from New York in the For tieth Congress as a republican, receiving 10,204 votes against 10,849 votes for McCormick, Democrat, servmg froin March 4, 1807, to March 3, 1809. Lindley, James J., was born at Mansfield, Ohio, January 1, 1822; was reared at Cynthia, Ken tucky; received a classical education at Woodville College, Ohio; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Monticello, Missouri, in 1840; was elected circuit-attorney in 1848, and re- elected in 1852 ; was elected a representative from Missouri in the Thirty-third Congress as a Whig, receiving 0,828 votes against 0,074 votes for Jackson, anti-Benton Democrat; and was re-elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress, receiving 8,150 votes against 7,380 votes for Fournoy, anti-Benton Democrat, serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1857; removed to Davenport, Iowa, and practised there. Lindsey, Stephen D., was born at Norridge- wock, Maine, March 3, 1828; received an academic education; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in 1853; was clerk of the ju dicial courts in Somerset County 1857-1800; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1850, and of the Senate in 1808-1870, and president of the Senate in 1809; was a delegate to the National Republican Conventions of 1800 and 1808; was a member of the Executive Council of Maine in 1874; was elected a representative from Maine in the Forty-fifth Congress as a Republican, receiving 15.741 votes against 12,788 votes for Edward K. O Brien, Democrat, serving from October 15, 1877. Lindsley, William D., was born in Connecti cut; received a public-school education; removed to Sandusky, Ohio; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 0,739 votes against 0,035 votes for Saddler, Whig, and 2,390 votes for Brinkerhoff, Free-Soiler, and serving from Decembers, 1853, to March 3, 1855; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Thirty-fourth Congress, receiving 5,794 votes against 8,017 votes for John Sherman, Republican. Linn, Archibald L., was born in New York in 1802; received a classical education, graduating at Union College; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Schenectady; was elected mayor of Schenectady, and was re-elected ; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-seventh Congress as a Whig, receiving 0,074 votes against 5,579 votes for John Cramer, Democrat, serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1843; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1844 ; died at Grassfield, New York, October 10, 1857. Linn, John, was born in New Jersey in 1704 ; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Fifteenth Congress ; was re-elected to the Sixteenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1817, to January 5, 1821, when he died. Linn, Lewis Fields (half-brother of Henry Dodge), was born near Louisville, Kentucky, No vember 5, 1790; was left an orphan when eleven years of age; received an academic education; studied medicine with Dr. Gault at Louisville; served in the war against Great Britain as surgeon in Colonel Henry Dodge s Mounted Rifle Volunteers; completed his medical studies at Philadelphia; was admitted to practice, and located at St. Genevieve, Missouri ; was a member of the State House of Rep resentatives in 1827; was appointed by President Jackson in 1832 a member of a commission to settle the old French land-claims in Missouri; was ap pointed United-States senator as a Democrat (to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Colonel Alexan der Buchner) ; was elected by the State legislature when it met, and was twice re-elected, serving from December 10, 1833, until his death at St. Genevieve, Missouri, October 3, 1843. Litchfield, Elisha, was born at Canterbury, Connecticut, in 1795; received a public-school educa tion; learned the trade of carpenter and joiner; re moved to Pompey (now Delphi), New York; was appointed postmaster there, and justice of the peace; abandoned his trade, and engaged in mercantile pur suits; was a member of the State Assembly in 1819; was elected a representative from New York in the Seventeenth Congress as a Democrat, and was re- elected to the Eighteenth Congress, serving from December 3, 1821, until March 3, 1825; was again STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 501 elected to the State Assembly in 1832, 1833, 1834, and 1844, serving the last year as speaker; removed in 1838 to Cazenovia, New York, where he died August 4, 1859. Little, Edward P., was born in Massachu setts in 1788; received a public-school education; served as a midshipman in the war of 1812 on board of a man-of-war commanded by his father, Captain George Little, U.S.N. ; resided at Marshfield; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1829- 1834 and 1835-1838; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Thirty-second Congress (in place of Orin Fowler, deceased) as a Democrat, serv ing from December 30, 1852, to March 3, 1853 ; was appointed by President Pierce collector of customs at Plymouth, Massachusetts, serving 1853-1857. Little, Peter, was born at Petersburg, Pennsyl vania; received a public-school education; was a mechanic; removed to Maryland, locating at Free dom; was elected from his workshop a representa tive from Maryland in the Twelfth Congress as a Democrat, defeating Moore, Federalist, serving from November 4, 1811, to March 3, 1813; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Fourteenth Con gress (in place of William Pinkney, resigned); was re-elected to the Fifteenth, Sixteenth, Seventeenth, Eighteenth, Nineteenth, and Twentieth Congresses, serving from December 2, 181G, to March 3, 1829; retired to rural life ; died in Baltimore County, Mary land, February 5, 1830. Littlefield, Nathaniel S., was born at Wells, Maine, September 20, 1804; received a public-school education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Bridgeton ; was a member of the State Senate in 1837-1839; was elected a repre sentative from Maine in the Twenty-seventh Congress as a Democrat, defeating Zadoc Long, Whig, and Parris, Democrat, serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1843 ; was again elected to the Thirty-first Congress as a Cass Democrat, receiving 5,1GO votes against 4,407 votes for Lincoln, Whig, and 1,438 votes for Fes- senden, Van Buren Democrat, serving from Decem ber 3, 1849, to March 3, 1851 ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1854. Littlejohn, DeWitt C., was born at Bridge- water, New York, February 7, 1818; received an academical education; became engaged in the com merce of the lakes and canals, and in the manufac ture of flour; was president of the village of Oswego, and, when it became a city, became a member of its board of aldermen, and was twice its mayor; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1853- 1857, 1859-1861, serving the first five years as speaker; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Republican, receiving 12,667 votes against 8,453 votes for Titus, Democrat, and serving from December 7, 1803, to March 3, 1865; was again a member of the State House of Represen tatives in 1866, 1807, 1870, and 1871. Livermore, Arthur (son of Samuel Liver- more), was born at Londonderry, New Hampshire, July 26, 1776; received a classical education; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Con cord and Chester; was a member of the State House of Representatives and of the State Senate; was a justice of the Superior Court 1799-1816, presiding as chief justice 1809-1813; was a presidential elector on the John Adams ticket in 1801 ; was elected a repre sentative from New Hampshire to the Fifteenth Con gress as a Democrat, and re-elected to the Sixteenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1817, until March 3, 1821; was again elected to the Eighteenth Con gress, serving from December 1, 1823, until March 3, 1825; was chief justice of the Court of Common Pleas 1825-1833; and died at Campton, New Hamp shire, July 1, 1853. Livermore, Edward St. Loe (son of Samuel Livermore), was born at Londonderry, New Hamp shire, in 1752; received a classical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised succes sively at Concord, Portsmouth, -Newburyport, and Boston; was State solicitor for Rockingham County 1791-1793 ; was justice of the Supreme Court of New Hampshire 1797-1799; removed to Boston, Massachu setts; was elected a representative from Massachu setts to the Tenth Congress, and was re-elected to the Eleventh Congress, serving from December 7, 1801, until March 3, 1811; and died at Concord, New Hampshire, September 22, 1832. Livermore, Samuel (father of Arthur Liver- more and Edgar St. Loe Livermore), was born at Wal- tham, Massachusetts, May 14, 1732 (old style); re ceived a classical education, graduating at Nassau Hall, Princeton, in 1752; studied law with Hon. Ed mund Trowbridge; was admitted to the bur in 1757, and the next year commenced practice at Portsmouth, New Hampshire ; was a member of the General Court of that Province in 17G8, 1769, and 1770; removed in 1775 to the town of Holderness, of which he was one of the original grantees, and the principal proprietor ; was appointed king s attorney in 1769, and, after the change of government, was State s attorney for three years; was a delegate to the Continental Congress from February 7, 1780, until he resigned, June 21, 1782 ; was chief justice of the State Supreme Court 1782-1789; was again elected to the Continental Con gress in November, 1784, and attended the session of that body in 1785, but did not resign his seat on the bench; he was elected a representative from New Hampshire in the First Congress, and re-elected to the Second Congress, serving from March 4, 1789, to March 2, 1793; was elected a United-States senator in 1793, serving as president of the Senate pro tempore during two sessions, and resigning on account of ill health in 1801 ; he died at Holderness May 18, 1803. Livingston, Edward, was born at Claremont, Livingston Manor, New York, in 1764; received a classical education, graduating at Princeton College in 1781; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1785, and commenced practice at New- York City; was elected a representative from New York in. the Fourth Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Fifth Congress, receiving 1,734 votes against 1,559 votes for P. Livingston; was re-elected to the Sixth Congress, serving from December 7, 1795, to March 3, 1801; was United-States district-attorney March 27, 1801- July 25, 1803; was mayor of the city of New York 1801-1803; became a public defaulter in conse quence of the dishonesty of a clerk, and removed to New Orleans in February, 1804 ; prepared a civil and criminal code for Louisiana; served as aide-de-camp to General Jackson at the battle of New Orleans January 8, 1815 ; was elected a representative from Louisiana in the Eighteenth Congress as a Jackson Democrat without opposition ; was re-elected to the Nineteenth Congress, receiving 290 majority over Foucher; was re-elected to the Twentieth Congress, receiving 316 majority, serving from December 1, 1823, to March 3, 1829 ; was defeated as the Demo cratic candidate for the Twenty-first Congress by Edward D. White ; was installed in 1830 as general grand high priest of the General Grand Royal Arch Chapter of Freemasons ; was elected a United-States senator from Louisiana, serving from December 7, 1829, to May 24, 1831, when he resigned ; was ap pointed by President Jackson secretary of state, serving from May 24, 1831, until May 29, 1833; was appointed minister plenipotentiary to France May 29, 1833, and asked for his passports that he might withdraw, under instructions from the President, April 28, 1835; he died at Rhinebeck, New York, May 23, 1836. He published " Judicial Opinions delivered in the Mayor s Court, New York," 1802, " Report to the Assembly of Louisiana of the Plan of the Penal Code" 1822, "System of Penal Law for Louisiana" 1826, and "System of Penal Law for the United States" 1828. "Reminiscences of Livingston," by A. Davezac, appeared in " The Democratic Review;" and C. H. Hunt published "Life of Livingston" in 1864. 502 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Livingston, Henry Walter, was born in 1764; received a classical education, graduating at Yale Col lege in 1780; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at New-York City; went to France in 1792 as secretary to Gouverneur Mor ris, minister plenipotentiary, and returned with him in 1794; was a judge of the Court of Common Pleas of Columbia County; was elected a representative from New York in the Eighth Congress, and re- elected to the Ninth Congress, serving from October 17, 1803, to March 3, 1807; died at Linlithgow, New York, December 22, 1810. Livingston, Philip, was born at Albany, New York, January 15, 1716; received a classical educa tion, graduating at Yale College in 1737 ; became a merchant at New- York City ; was an alderman 1754 1758; was a member of the Provincial House of Representatives 1759-1769; was actively engaged in pre-Revolutionary movements ; was a delegate from New York to the Continental Congress 1774-1778; was chosen president of the New-York Provincial Congress April 29, 1775, and was unanimously elected a member of the First State House of Repre sentatives February 1, 1776; was a member of the State Senate; founded the professorship of divinity at Yale College; rendered great service to Colum bia College, to the New-York Society Library, and to the New- York Chamber of Commerce; died while attending a session of the Continental Congress at York, Pennsylvania, June 12, 1778. Livingston, Robert Le Roy, was born in New York ; received a classical education, graduating at Princeton College in 1784 ; was elected a represen tative from New York in the Eleventh Congress as a Federalist, and was re-elected to the Twelfth Con gress by 342 majority, serving from May 22, 1809, to May 6, 1812, when he resigned to accept a lieutenant- colonel s commission in the army of the United States given him by President Madison. Livingston, Robert R., was born at New York November 27, 1747; received a classical educa tion, graduating at King s College in 1765 ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice at New York ; was appointed city recorder, and served 1773-1775 ; was a member of the Colonial As sembly 1775; was a delegate from New York to the Continental Congress, serving 1775-1777 and 1779- 1781 ; was secretary of foreign affairs from August, 1781, to August, 1783; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention in April, 1777; was chan cellor of the State of New York 1777-1801, and, as such, administered the oath of office to Washington upon his inauguration as President; was minister plenipotentiary to France 1801-1804, and procured Ihe cession of Louisiana; was president of the New- York State Agricultural Society and of the New- York Academy of Finance; died February 26, 1813. He published "Oration before the Cincinnati," "Address to the Society for Promoting the Arts," " Essays on Agriculture," " Essay on Sheep." Livingston, Walter, was born in New York; was a delegate from New York in the Continental Congress 1784-1785. Livingston, William, was born at Albany, New York, November 30, 1723; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1741 ; stud ied law ; was admitted to the bar, and practised in New York and New Jersey; established and edited " The Independent Reflector" in 1752; removed to Elizabethtown, New Jersey, in 1773; was a delegate from New Jersey to the Continental Congress 1774- declined the appointment of commissioner to super intend the erection of public buildings at the Federal apital, and that of minister to the Netherlands in 1787; died at Elizabethtown, New Jersey, July 25, 1790. He published "Digest of the Colony Laws" 1752, " Review of the Military Operations in North America," a defence of Governor Shirley 1757, and a number of poems and political pamphlets. A "Me moir of William Livingston," by Theodore Sedge- wick, was published in 1832. Lloyd, Edward, of Maryland, was a delegate to the Continental Congress from that State 1783-1784. Lloyd, Edward, was born in Maryland in 1779; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Ninth Congress (in place of Joseph H. Nicholson, resigned); was re-elected to the Tenth Congress, serving from December 3, 1806, to March 3, 1809; was governor of Maryland 1809-1811; was elected a United-States senator from Maryland, serving from December 6, 1819, to January, 1826, when he resigned on account of continued indisposition; was elected State senator, and president of the Senate, 1826-1831 ; died at Annapolis. Maryland, June 2, 1834. Lloyd, James, was born in Maryland ; received a classical education; was elected a United-States senator from Maryland (in place of John Henry, resigned), serving from January 11, 1798, to May 15, 1800, when he resigned. Lloyd, James, was born at Boston, Massachu setts, in 1769; received a classical education, gradu ating at Harvard College in 1787; engaged in mer cantile pursuits; visited Europe, residing a year at St. Petersburg; returning to Boston, was elected in 1800 a member of the State House of Representa tives, and, after having been re-elected, he was elected to the State Senate; was elected a United- States senator from Massachusetts as a Federalist (in place of John Quincy Adams, resigned), serving from November 7, 1808, to 1813, when he resigned; was again elected a senator from Massachusetts (in place of Harrison Gray Otis, resigned), serving from December 2, 1822, to May 23, 1826, when he resigned ; resided in Philadelphia the last years of his life; died at New York April 5, 1831. Loan, Benjamin P., was born at Hardinsburg, Kentucky, October 4, 1819; received an academic education; studied and practised law; went to Mis souri in 1838; served as brigadier-general in the Union army in the war for the suppression of the Rebellion ; was elected a representative from Missouri in the Thirty-eighth Congress as an Emancipationist, receiving 5,572 votes against 4,554 votes for Bruce, Democrat, and 2,675 votes for Branch, Independent ; was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiv ing 10,346 votes against 1,774 votes for H. B. Branch, Independent, and 35 scattering ; and was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress as a Radical, receiving 10,942 votes against 3,980 votes for a Democrat, serv ing from December 7, 1863, to March 3, 1869. Locke, Francis (nephew of Matthew Locke), was born in Rowan County, North Carolina, October 31, 1766; studied and practised law; was elected a judge of the Superior Court of North Carolina in 1803, and resigned in 1814, when he was elected United-States senator; he never took his seat in the Senate, and resigned in 1815 ; died January 8, 1823. Locke, John, was born at Hopkinton, Massa chusetts, in 1764; received a classical education, graduating at Cambridge in 1792 ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar in 1796, and commenced practice at Ashby ; was a member of the State House of Rep resentatives in 1804, 1805, 1813, and 1823 ; was a dele gate to the State Constitutional Convention in 1820; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Eighteenth Congress ; was re-elected to the Nine teenth and Twentieth Congresses, serving from De cember 1, 1823, to March 3, 1829; was a member of the State Senate in 1830; was a member of the Exec utive Council in 1831; removed to Lowell in 1837, and thence to Boston in 1849; died at Boston March 29, 1855. Locke, Matthew (uncle of Francis Locke), was born in Rowan County, North Carolina, in 1730; was an early and devoted friend to the Revolution, and had at one time four sons in the Continental army, STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 503 one of whom was killed by the British ; was one of a commission selected by the people of North Carolina in 1771 to receive the fees of sheriffs and other Colo nial officers; was a member of the House of Com mons of North Carolina in 1775 ; was a member of the convention which framed the Constitution of North Carolina in 1776 ; was elected a representative in the Third, Fourth, and Fifth Congresses, serving from December 2, 1793, until March 3, 1797; was defeated as a candidate for the Sixth Congress by Archibald Henderson ; died at Salisbury, North Car olina, September 7, 1801. Lockhart, James, was born at Auburn, New York, February 13, 1806; removed to Indiana in 1832; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1834, and commenced practice at Evansville, Indiana; was elected prosecuting-attorney in 1841 and 1842; was judge of the Fourth Judicial District 1845-1851, when he resigned ; was a delegate to the State Constitu tional Convention in 1850 ; was elected a representa tive from Indiana in the Thirty-second Congress as a Democrat, receiving 8,173 votes against 7 ,"847 votes for De Bruler, Whig, serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1853; died at Evansville, Indiana, Sep tember 7, 1857. Lockwood, Daniel N., was born at Hamburg, Erie County, New York, June 1, 1844; graduated at Union College, Schenectady, New York, in 1865; studied law; was admitted to the bar of the Supreme Court in May, 1866, and has practised since at Buffa lo; was elected district-attorney for Erie County in 1874 for the term of three years ; was elected a rep resentative from New York in the Forty-fifth Con gress as a Democrat, receiving 20,125 votes against 19,716 votes for Elbridge G. Spaulding, Republican, serving from October 15, 1877. Lonand, James B., was born at Milford, Del aware, November 2, 1823 ; received a classical educa tion, graduating at Delaware College in 1845; studied law ; was admitted to the bar in 1840, and practised at Milford ; was secretary of the Senate of the State of Delaware in 1849 ; was a member of the conven tion to revise the State Constitution in 1853; was secretary of state for the State of Delaware in 1855- 1859; was appointed a paymaster in the army by President Lincoln in 1863, and resigned that position in 1807; and was elected a representative from Dela ware in the Forty-third Congress as a Republican, receiving 11,337 votes against 11,015 votes for A. W. Wright, Democrat, serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1875. Logan, George, was born at Stanton, Penn sylvania, September 9, 1753; received a classical edu cation; studied medicine abroad, graduating at the Edinburgh Medical School; travelled on the conti nent of Europe, and returned home in 1779; devoted himself to scientific agriculture; was for several years a member of the State House of Representa tives ; visited France as a self -constituted peace nego tiator, and was successful, but Congress enacted a law making it a high misdemeanor for citizens of the United States to take part as individuals in diplo matic negotiations ; was elected a United-States sen ator from Pennsylvania (in place of Peter Muhlen- berg, resigned) as a Democrat, serving from Decem ber 7, 1801, to March 3, 1807; went to England in 1810 to again avert threatened hostilities, but was unsuccessful ; died at Stanton, Pennsylvania, April 9, 1821. He published "Experiments on Gypsum," " The Rotation of Crops," and several pamphlets on agricultural subjects. Logan, Henry, was born in Pennsylvania; re sided at Dillsburg; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-fourth Congress as a Jackson Democrat, receiving 603 majority ; was re- elected to the Twenty-fifth Congress, serving from December 7, 1835, to March 3, 1839. Logan, John Alexander, was born in Jack son County, Illinois, February 9, 1826; received a public-school education; served in the Mexican war as adjutant, of the First Illinois Infantry; studied law with his uncle, A. M. Jenkins, and at the Univer sity of Louisville ; was admitted to the bar in 1852, and commenced practice; was elected prosecuting-attor ney for the Third Judicial District of Illinois in 1852 ; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1852-1856; was a presidential elector on the Buchan an and Breckinridge ticket in 1856; was elected a representative from Illinois in the Thirty-sixth Con gress as a Douglas Democrat, receiving 15,878 votes against 2,796 votes for Phillips, Republican, and 144 votes scattering; and was re-elected to the Thirty- seventh Congress, receiving 21,381 votes against 5,439 votes for Linegar, Republican, serving from Decem ber 5, 1859, to 1861, when he resigned to enter the Union army; was commissioned, in September, 1861, colonel of the Thirty-first Illinois Volunteers ; was promoted to be brigadier-general in 1862, and as major-general in 1863, especially distinguishing him self at Belmont, Fort Donelson, Pittsburg Landing, Vicksburg, Chattanooga, Atlanta, and as commander of the Army of the Tennessee ; was appointed by Pres ident Johnson to be minister to Mexico in 1865, but declined; was a delegate to the Soldiers National Convention at Pittsburg in 1866; was elected con gressman at large from Illinois in the Fortieth Con gress as a Republican, receiving 203,045 votes against 147,058 votes for Dickey, Democrat ; and was re-elect ed to the Forty-first Congress, serving from March 4, 1867, to March 3, 1871 ; was elected a United-States senator from Illinois, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1877. Logan, William, the first white native of Ken tucky, was born at Harrodsburg December 8, 1776; received a classical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention in 1799 ; was for several years a member of the State House of Representatives, and twice its speaker; was twice chosen judge of the State Court of Appeals; was elected a United-States senator from Kentucky, serv ing from December 6, 1819, to 1820, when he resigned ; died at Harrodsburg, Kentucky, August 8, 1822. Long, Alexander, was born at Greenville, Pennsylvania, December 24, 1816; received an aca demical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1832, and commenced practice at Cincinnati, Ohio ; was a member of the State House of Repre sentatives in 1848 and 1849 ; was elected a represen tative from Ohio in the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 7,212 votes against 7,081 votes for J. A. Gurley, Republican, serving from Decem ber 7, 1863, to March 3, 1865; was a delegate to the National Democratic Convention at Chicago in 1864. Long, Edward H., was born in Maryland in 1808; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Princess Anne County ; was for several years a member of the State House of Representatives ; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Twenty-ninth Congress as a Whig, receiving 3,735 votes against 3,577 votes for Martin, Democrat, serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1847 ; died in Somerset County, Maryland, October 12,1865. Long, John, was born in London County, Vir ginia; removed to Randolph County, North Carolina, where he was a farmer ; was a member of the State Senate of North Carolina in 1815; was elected a rep resentative in the Seventeenth Congress, and was successively re-elected to the Eighteenth, Nineteenth, and Twentieth Congresses, serving from December 3, 1821, until March 3, 1829. Long, Pierce, was born at Portsmouth, New Hampshire, in 1739; received a good English educa tion; entered the counting-room of his father, and became his partner in the shipping business; was a delegate to the Provincial Congress of New Hamp shire in 1775; served in the Revolutionary army as colonel of the First New-Hampshire Regiment, dis- 504 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. languishing himself at Ticonderoga; was a volunteer at the battle of Saratoga; was a delegate from New Hampshire to the Continental Congress 1784-1786; was a State councillor 1786-1789 ; was a delegate to the Constitutional Convention 1788 ; was appointed by President Washington collector of customs at Ports mouth in January, 1789; and died at Portsmouth, New Hampshire, April 3, 1789. Longfellow, Stephen, was born at Gorham, Massachusetts (now Maine), June 23, 1775; received a classical education, graduating at Harvard College in 1798; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1801, and commenced practice at Portland; was a delegate to the Hartford Convention in 1814; was elected a representative from Maine in the Eighteenth Congress as a Federalist, serving from December 1, 1823, to March 3, 1825; was president of the Maine Historical Society in 1834; died at Portland, Maine, August 2, 1849. He compiled sixteen volumes of Massachusetts Reports and twelve volumes of Maine Reports. Longnecker, Henry C., was born at Allen Township, Cumberland County, Pennsylvania, April 17, 1825; received a classical education, graduating at the Norwich Military University of Vermont, and Lafayette College, Pennsylvania; studied law, and was admitted to the bar; served in the Mexican war as first lieutenant and adjutant of voltigeurs Febru ary 16, 1847-August 29, 1848, and was wounded at Chepultepec; was elected district-attorney of Lehigh County in 1848; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Re publican, receiving 8,324 votes against 8,076 votes for Roberts, Democrat, serving from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 1861; entered the Union army in 1861 as colonel of the Ninth Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry; commanded a brigade in Western Vir ginia, and subsequently commanded a brigade of militia at Antietam; was appointed in 1867 an asso ciate judge of Lehigh County; died at Lehigh, Penn sylvania, September 18, 1871. Longyear, John W., was born at Shandaken, New York, October 22, 1820; received a classical education; removed to Michigan in 1844; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1846, and com menced practice at Lansing ; was elected a represen tative from Michigan in the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Republican, receiving 12,317 votes against 11,407 votes for Granger, Union; and was re-eleeted to the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiving 15,432 votes against 12,758 votes for David Johnson, Democrat, serving from December 7, 1863, to March 3, 1867; was a judge of the District Court of Michigan in 1870. Loomis, Andrew W., resided at New Lisbon, Ohio ; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Whig, serving from Sep tember 4, 1837, to October 20, 1837, when he re signed. Loomis, Arphaxad, was born in Hcrkimer County, New York; received a public-school educa tion; resided at Little Falls; was elected a represen tative from New York in the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1839; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1841, 1842, and 1853. Lpomis, Dwight, was born at Columbia, Con necticut, July 27, 1821; was reared on a farm; re ceived a public-school education; studied law, com pleting his studies at the New-Haven Law School ; was admitted to the bar in 1847, and commenced practice at Rockville, Connecticut ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1851; was elected a representative from Connecticut in the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Republican, receiving 9,766 votes against 9,701 votes for Hyde, Democrat, and 220 votes for Ezra Clark, jun. ; and was re-elect ed to the Thirty-seventh Congress, receiving 10,701 votes against 10,563 votes for Hyde, Democrat, serv ing from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 1863; was appointed a judge of the State Supreme Court. Lord, Frederick William, was born at Lyme, Connecticut, December 11, 1800; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1821 ; was professor of mathematics at Washington College for two years; was principal of an academy at Baltimore for three years ; studied medicine at Baltimore, and received a diploma of doctor of medicine from Yale College in 1829; practised medicine for fifteen years at Sag Harbor, New York, and then retired ; removed to Greenport, Long Island; was elected a representa tive from New York in the Thirtieth Congress, serv ing from December 6, 1847, to March 3, 1849; died at New- York City May 24, 1860. Lord, Scott, was born at Nelson, Madison Coun ty, New York, December 11, 1820; was educated at common schools, and at Morrisville and Geneseo Academies; studied law, and practised at Utica; was judge of LivMigston County from July 1, 1847, until January 1, 1854; and was elected a representative from New York in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 11,922 votes against 10,496 votes for Ellis H. Roberts, Republican, serving from De cember 6, 1875, to March -3, 1877; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Forty-fifth Con gress, receiving 13,069 votes against 13,779 votes for W. J. Bacon, Republican. Loring, George Bailey, was horn at North Audover, Massachusetts, November 8, 1817; was fitted for college at Franklin Academy in that town ; was graduated at Harvard University in 1838; re ceived the degree of M.D. at the Harvard Medical College in 1842 ; was appointed surgeon of the Marine Hospital at Chelsea, Massachusetts, in 1843; was surgeon of the Seventh Regiment, M. V. M. , in 1842- 1844; was appointed commissioner to revise the United-States Marine-Hospital system in 1849; was appointed postmaster of Salem, Massachusetts, in 1853; was a member of the Massachusetts House of Representatives in 1866-1867; was president of the Massachusetts Senate in 1873-1876; was a delegate to the Republican National Conventions of 1868, 1872, and 1876; was appointed United-States centen nial commissioner for Massachusetts in 1872; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Forty-fifth Congress as a Republican, receiving 12.319 votes against 11,171 votes for Charles P. Thompson, Democrat, serving from October 15, 1877. Loughridge, William, was born at Youngs- town, Ohio, July 11, 1827; received a common-school education ; studied law, and commenced practice at Mansfield, Ohio; removed to Iowa in 1852; was a member of the State Senate of Iowa in 1857, 1858, 1859, and 1860; was elected judge of the Sixth Jxi- dicial Circuit of Iowa in 1861, which position he held until January, 1867 ; and was elected a repre sentative from Iowa in the Fortieth Congress as a Republican, receiving 18,475 votes against 12,395 votes for Mackey, Democrat ; was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress, receiving 24,057 votes against 16,531 votes for Irish, Democrat, serving from March 4, 1867, to March 3, 1871 ; was re-elected to the Forty- third Congress as a Republican, receiving 14,638 votes against 11,703 votes for H. H. Trimble, Demo crat and Liberal, serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1875. Love, James, received a public-school educa tion ; resided at Barboursville ; was elected a repre sentative from Kentucky in the Twenty-third Con gress, defeating John White, and serving from De cember 2, 1833, to March 3, 1835. Love, John, was born in Virginia; received an academical education; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Tenth Congress as a Democrat ; was re-elected to the Eleventh Congress, serving from October 26, 1807, to March 3, 1811; died August 17, 1822. Love, Peter E., was born near Dublin, Georgia, July 7, 1818; received a classical education, graduat ing at Franklin College ; attended medical lectures at Philadelphia; abandoned medicine, and studied law; STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 505 was admitted to the bar in 1839, and commenced practice at Thomsville, Georgia; was solicitor-general for the Southern District of Georgia in 1843 ; was a member of the State Senate in 1849 ; was appointed a judge for the Southern District of Georgia in 1853; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 7,247 votes against 3,881 votes for Mclntyre, Opposition, serving from December 5, 1859, to January 23, 1861, when he retired from the House on the secession of Georgia from the Union. Love, Thomas C., was a practising lawyer at Buffalo, New York ; was a judge of Erie County in 1828; was district-attorney of Erie County in 1829- 1S35; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-fourth Congress as a Whig, serving from December 7, 1835, to March 3, 1837; was surrogate for Erie County 1841-1845 ; died at Buffalo, New York, September 17, 1853. Love, "William. C., was born in Virginia, and reared at the University of that State, at which his father was steward in 1799; studied law; was admit ted to the bar, and practised at Salisbury, North Car olina; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Fourteenth Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 4, 1815, until March 3, 1817. Lovejoy, Owen, was born at Albion, Maine, January 0, 1811; received a classical education, which he completed at Bowdoin College ; studied theology ; removed to Illinois in 1830, and was ordained as pas tor of the Congregational church at Princeton, serv ing 1839-1850; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1854; was elected a representative from Illinois in the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Repub lican, receiving 19,008 votes against 13,007 votes for Osgood, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving 22,313 votes against 14,988 votes for Armstrong, Douglas Democrat, and 1,328 votes for Le Roy, anti-Lecompton Democrat ; was re-elect ed to the Thirty-seventh Congress, receiving 29,001 votes against 19,744 votes for Murray, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, receiving 11,083 votes against 11,020 votes for Hen derson, Democrat, and 013 votes for Graham, Inde pendent, serving from December 7, 1857, to March 25, 1804, when he died at Brooklyn, New York, having left Washington to visit a more genial climate. Lovell, James, was born at Boston, Massachu setts, October 31, 1737; received a classical education, graduating at Harvard College in 1750 ; taught school ; was imprisoned by General Gage immediately after the battle of Bunker Hill ; he was conveyed to Hali fax as a prisoner of war, and kept in close confinement until exchanged for Governor Skene in 1770; was a delegate from Massachusetts to the Continental Con gress 1770-1782; was receiver of taxes 1784-1788; was collector of customs at the port of Boston 1788- 1789; was naval officer 1790-1814. Lovett, John, was born at Norwich, Connecti cut; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College; removed to Albany, New York; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1800 and 1801; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirteenth Congress as a Federalist on the Peace and Commerce ticket; was re-elected to the Fourteenth Congress, serving from May 24, 1813, to March 3, 1817; died in Ohio in 1818. Low, Frederick F., was born in Maine in 1828; received a business education in Boston ; removed to California in 1849, and engaged in mercantile pur suits at San Francisco ; removed to Marysville in 1854, and established a banking-house; was elected a rep resentative from California in the Thirty-seventh Congress as a Republican ; was appointed by Presi dent Lincoln in 1803 collector of the port of San Francisco, and, in September of that year, was ap pointed governor, serving until 1807; was appointed by President Grant in 1809 minister to China, serv ing until 1874. Low, Isaac, was born in New York ; trained as a business-man; was active in pre-Revolutionary movements; was a delegate from New York to the Continental Congress 1774-1775; was a member of the New-York Provincial Congress in 1775; was arrested in 1770 on suspicion of holding correspond ence with the enemy ; was president of the New- York Chamber of Commerce 1782 ; was attainted of trea son, his property was confiscated, and he was exiled, and went to England ; died in England in 1791. Lowe, David P., was born in Oneida County, New York, August 22, 1823 ; graduated at the law- department of the Cincinnati College in 1851 ; prac tised law at Cincinnati until 1801, when he removed to Kansas, and resumed practice there ; was a mem ber of the State Senate of Kansas in 1803-1804; was judge of the Sixth Judicial District of Kansas from March, 1807, until March, 1871; and was elected a representative from Kansas in the Forty-second Con gress as a Republican, receiving 40,017 votes against 20,841 votes for R. C. Foster, Democrat ; and was re- elected to the Forty-third Congress from the State at large, receiving 07,400 votes against 34,450 votes for S. A. Riggs, Liberal Republican, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1875 ; was appointed by President Grant commissioner of pensions March 17, 1875, but declined; was chief justice of the Territory of Utah; resumed practice at Fort Scott, Kansas. Lowell, John, was born at Newburyport, Mas sachusetts, in 1744; received a classical education, graduating at Harvard College in 1700 ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar in 1762, and commenced practice at Newburyport ; was an officer of militia, and a member of the State House of Representatives in 1770, removing to Boston in 1777; he was again a member of the State House of Representatives in 1778; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Con vention in 1780; was a delegate from Massachusetts in the Continental Congress 1782-1783; was a com missioner to establish the boundary-line between New York and Massachusetts in 1784; was a judge of the State Court of Appeals 1784-1789; was a judge of the United-States District Court for the District of Massachusetts 1789-1801 ; was justice of the Unit ed-States Circuit Court for Maine, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, and Rhode Island, 1801-1802; was one of the founders of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences; and died at Roxbury, Massachusetts, May 0, 1802. Lowell, Joshua A., was born at Thomaston, Massachusetts (afterwards Maine), March 20, 1801; received a public-school education; taught school; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1820, and practised at East Machias; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1832, 1833, 1835, and 1837 ; was elected a representative from Maine in the Twenty-sixth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 5,033 votes against 4,066 votes for Joseph C. Noyes, Whig, and 11 votes scattering; was re-elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress, his election being unsuc cessfully contested, serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1843; was a presidential elector on the Polk and Dallas ticket in 1844 ; died at East Machias, Maine, March 13, 1874. Lower, Christian, was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Ninth Congress, as his name appears on a list of those whose credentials entitle them to seats in the House, reported from the Committee of Elections December 26, 1805 ; but there is no other mention of his name on the journals. Lowndes, Lloyd, jun., was born at Clarks burg, West Virginia, February 21, 1845 ; graduated at Alleghany College, Meadville, Pennsylvania, in 1865; attended law-lectures at the University of Pennsyl vania; graduated, and was admitted to practice in 1867; removed the same year to Cumberland; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Forty- third Congress as a Republican, receiving 14,258 votes against 12,545 votes for J. Ritchie, Democrat, serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1875. Lowndes, Thomas, Avas born at Charleston, 506 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. South Carolina, in 1765; received an academical edu cation; engaged in business pursuits; was elected a representative from South Carolina in the Seventh Congress; was re-elected to the Eighth Congress, serving from December 7, 1801, to March 3, 1805; died at Charleston July 8, 1843. Lo~wnd.es, William, was born at Charleston, South Carolina, February 7, 1782; was taken to England when a lad, and studied three years at an English grammar-school, and, on his return, received a cFassical education from Rev. Dr. Gallagher, a Catholic priest; studied law with Chancellor De Saussure ; was admitted to the bar in March, 1804, and commenced practice at Charleston, but, in con sequence of the injury done to his plantation by the equinoctial storm of that year, he abandoned the law, and devoted himself to agricultural pursuits; was the first captain of the Washington Light In fantry of Charleston when it was organized in 1807; was elected a representative from South Carolina in the Twelfth Congress as a Democrat without oppo sition, and was successively elected without oppo sition to the Thirteenth, Fourteenth, Fifteenth, Sixteenth, and Seventeenth Congresses, serving from November 4, 1811, until he resigned, on account of ill health, May 8, 1822; he had found his health im proved by a visit to England in 1819, and he deter mined to repeat the trip, embarking with his family from Philadelphia for London; but he died at sea October 27, 1822. Lowrie, Walter, was born at Edinburgh, Scot land, December 10, 1784; immigrated to the United States with his parents in 1791, and located in Butler County, Pennsylvania; received a classical educa tion; was a member of the State House of Repre- sentatives for several years; was elected a United- States senator from Pennsylvania, serving from December 6, 1819, to March 3, 1825; was secretary of the United-States Senate 1825-1836; was secretary of the Presbyterian Board of Foreign Missions 1836- 1868; and died at New-York City January 14, 1868. Loyall, George, was born at Norfolk, Virginia, May 29, 1789 ; received a classical education, gradu ating at William and Mary College in 1808; visited England in 1815 ; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1817-1827; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention in 1829; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Twenty-first Congress (having successfully contested the election of Thomas Newton) as a Democrat, serving from March 9, 1830, to March 3, 1831 ; was again elected to the Twenty-third Congress, and re-elected to the Twenty-fourth Congress, serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1837 ; was appointed navy agent at Norfolk in 1837, and held the position (with the ex ception of two years) until the secession of Virginia in 1861. Lucas, Edward, was born in Virginia; re ceived a public-school education; was an officer in the war of 1812; was for several successive years a member of the State House of Representa tives ; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Twenty-third Congress as a Jackson Democrat, receiving 762 majority over Smith; was re-elected to the Twenty-fourth Congress, serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1837; was appointed military storekeeper and paymaster at the Harper s-Ferry Armory May 12, 1847, and held the position until he died at Harper s Ferry March 4, 1858. Lucas, John B. C., was bom in Normandy, France, in 1762; received a classical education, graduating at the University of Caen as doctor of civil and common law in 1782; practised in France until 1784, when he immigrated to the United States, and located on a farm near Pittsburg, Pennsylvania; acquiring the English language, he was a member of the State House of Representatives 1792-1798, and a judge of the Court of Common Pleas in 1794; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Eighth Congress as a Democrat, serving from Octo ber 17, 1803, to March 3, 1805; was re-elected to the Ninth Congress, but resigned before taking his seat; was appointed by President Jefferson judge of the United-States Court in the Northern District of the Territory of Louisiana, and removed to St. Louis; was also a member of the Commission for the Ad justment of Land-Titles 1805-1812; continued to act as United-States district-judge until 1820; retired to a farm near St. Louis, where he died September 8, 1842. Lucas, "William, was born in Virginia; received a public-school education; resided at Charlestown ; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Twenty-sixth Congress as a Democrat, defeating R. W. Barton, Whig, serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1841; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Twenty-seventh Congress by Richard W. Barton, Whig; was again elected to the Twenty-eighth Congress, receiving 3.280 votes against 2,900 votes for C. J. Faulkner, Whig, serv ing from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1845. Lumpkin, John Henry (nephew of Wilson Lumpkin), was born in Oglethorpe County, Georgia, June 13, 1812; received a classical education, par tially at Franklin and Yale Colleges; studied law with his uncle, Wilson Lumpkin; was admitted to the bar in March, 1834, and commenced practice at Rome, Georgia; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1835; was solicitor-general of the Cherokee Circuit in 1838; was defeated as a Democratic candidate on a general ticket for the Twenty-seventh Congress; was elected a representa tive from Georgia in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Democrat on a general ticket, receiving 35,161 votes against 32,822 votes for Thomas B. King, Whig ; was re-elected to the Twenty-ninth Congress, receiving 7,720 votes against 4,889 votes for Miller, Whig; was re-elected to the Thirtieth Congress, re ceiving 5,033 votes against 1,243 votes for Crook, Whig, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1849; was again elected to the Thirty-fourth Con gress, receiving 4,496 votes against 2,900 votes, serv ing from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1857; was for several years a judge of the State Supreme Court ; was a prominent Freemason ; died at Rome, Georgia, June 6, 18(50. Lumpkin, Wilson (uncle of John Henry Lumpkin), was born in Pittsylvania County, Vir ginia, January 14, 1783; removed to Oglethorpe County, Georgia, with his father, in 1784; received a public-school education; studied law; was ad mitted to the bar, and practised at Athens, Georgia; was for several years a member of the State House of Representatives; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Fourteenth Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 4, 1815, to March 3, 1817; was appointed by President Monroe a mem ber of the commission to establish the boundary- line between Georgia and Florida; was again elected to the Twentieth Congress; was re-elected to the Twenty-first Congress, serving from December 3, 1827, to March 3, 1831; was governor of Georgia 1831- 1835; was appointed by President Jackson a com missioner under the treaty with the Cherokees in 1835; was elected a United-States senator from Georgia (in place of John P. King, resigned), serv ing from December 13, 1837, to March 3, 1841; was a member of the State Board of Public Works; died at Athens, Georgia, in 1871. Luttrell, John K., was born near Knoxville, Knox County, Tennessee, June 27, 1831, but has resided in California twenty-two years; was self- educated ; studied and practised law, and is a farmer; was elected to the legislature of California in 1863, and served in the sessions of 1865-1866, 1871-1872; was elected a representative from Cali fornia in the Forty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 14,033 votes against 13,105 votes for J. M. Coghlan, Republican; was re-elected to the Forty- fourth Congress, receiving 9,113 votes against 3,814 STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 507 votes for C. B. Denio, Eepublican, and 1,918 votes for James Reed, Independent; and was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 19,846 votes against 18,990 votes for McKenna, Republican, serv ing from December 1, 1873. Lyle, Aaron, was born in Pennsylvania; re- received a public-school education; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Eleventh Congress as a Democrat; and was re-elected to the Twelfth, Thirteenth, and Fourteenth Congresses, serving from May 22, 1809, to March 3, 1817; died September 24, 1825. Lyman, Joseph S., was born at Hampden, Massachusetts; received a public-school education; removed to Otsego County, New York ; held several offices; was elected a representative from New York in the Sixteenth Congress, serving from December G, 1819, to March 3, 1821; died at Cooperstown, New York. Lyman, Samuel, was born in Massachusetts; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1770; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1 780-1788 ; was a member of the State Senate 1790-1793; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Fourth Congress; was re-elected to the Fifth and Sixth Congresses, serving from December 7, 1795, to 1801, when he resigned on account of ill health; and died in 1802. Lyman, William, was born at Northampton, Massachusetts, in 1753 ; received a classical educa tion, graduating at Yale College in 1776; was a member of the State Senate in 1789; was elected brigadier-general of militia; was elected a representa tive from Massachusetts in the Third Congress, and re-elected to the Fourth Congress, serving from De cember 2, 1793, to March 3, 1797 ; was appointed by President Jefferson consul at London in 1805, and held the office until his death in October, 1811. Lynch, John, was born at Portland, Maine, February 18, 1825; received a public-school educa tion, and graduated at the Latin High School of that city in 1842; engaged in mercantile pursuits; was a member of the State legislature of Maine in 1862 and 1864; was elected a representative from Maine in the Thirty-ninth Congress as a Republican, receiving 15,090 votes against 12,578 votes for L. D. M. Sweat, Democrat; was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, receiving 15,011 votes against 11,053 votes for L. D. M. Sweat, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress, receiving 10,718 votes against 14,579 votes for Shaw, Demosrat; and was re-elected to the Forty- second Congress as a Republican, receiving 12,571 votes against 11,075 votes for W. P. Haines, Demo crat, serving from December 4, 1805, to March 3, 1873; engaged in the manufacture of terra-cotta near Washington City; was editor of "The Washington Union" 1870-1877. Lynch, John R., was born in Concordia Parish, Louisiana, September 10, 1847, a slave; and he re mained in slavery until emancipated by the results of the Rebellion, receiving no early education; a purchaser of his mother carried her with her children to Natchez, where, when the Union troops took pos session, he attended evening school for a few months, and he has since, by private study, acquired a good English education; he engaged in the business of photography at Natchez until 1809, when Governor Ames appointed him a justice of the peace ; he was elected a member of the State legislature from Adams County, and re-elected in 1871, serving the last term as speaker of the House; was elected a representa tive from Mississippi in the Forty-third Congress as a Republican, receiving 15,391 votes against 8,430 votes for H. Cassidy, sen., Democrat; and was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Congress as a Republican (de feating Roderick Seals, Democrat), serving from De cember 1, 187.), to March 3, 1877. Lynch, Thomas (father of Thomas Lynch, jun.), was born in South Carolina; took an active part i:i pre-Rcvolutionary movements; was a dele gate from South Carolina to the Colonial Congress in 1765 ; was a delegate from South Carolina to the Continental Congress 1774-1776, when he resigned on account of ill health, and soon afterwards died. Lynch, Thomas, jun. (son of Thomas Lynch), was born on the North Santee River, Prince George Parish, South Carolina, August 5, 1749; was educated at Eton and Cambridge, England; studied law at the Temple, but, before complet ing his course, returned to America in 1772; relin quishing the law, he became a planter on the North Santee River; was chosen in 1775 a captain in the First South-Carolina Continental Regiment, but resigned in a few months, having been elected as the successor of his father (who had been taken ill) in the Continental Congress, where he served 1776-1777; his health failing, he embarked for St. Eustatius with the intention of visiting Europe, and by some unknown accident perished, with all the ship s company, at sea, in the latter part of 1779. Lynde, William P., was born at Sherbume, Chenango County, New York, December 10, 1817; graduated at Yale College in 1838; studied law; was admitted to the bar in New York in 1841, and re moved the same year to Wisconsin, where he has practised since; was appointed attorney-general of Wisconsin in 1844; was appointed United-States district-attorney for the district of Wisconsin in 1845 ; was elected a representative from Wisconsin in the Thirtieth Congress as a Democrat, serving from June 5, 1848, to March 3, 1849; was elected mayor of Milwaukee in 1800; was a member of the Legislative Assembly of Wisconsin in I860, and a member of the State Senate in 1808 and 1809 ; was again elected to the Forty-fourth Congress, receiving 12,046 votes against 9,545 votes for Harrison Ludington, Liberal Republican; and was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 17,053 votes against 11,952 votes for W. E. Smith, Republican, and serving from De cember 6, 1875. Lynn, James, was born at Trenton, New Jer sey; received a classical education, graduating at Princeton College in 1769; studied law; was ad mitted to the bar, and commenced practice; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Sixth Congress as a Democrat, serving from Decem ber 2, 1799, to March 3, 1801; was appointed by President Jefferson supervisor of the revenue; was for many years secretary of state of the State of New Jersey ; died at Trenton, New Jersey, December 29, 1820. Lyon, Asa, was born at Pomfret, Connecticut, December 31, 1763; received a classical education, graduating at Dartmouth College in 1791; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice at South Hero, Vermont; was chief judge of Grand-Island County 1805-1814 ; was a member of the State House of Representatives from South Hero in 1800, 1802, 1804, 1805, 1806, and 1808, and from Grand Isle in 1810, 1811, 1812, 1813, and 1814; was a member of the Executive Council in 1808; was a mem ber of the corporation of the University of Vermont 1814-1821; was elected a representative from Ver mont in the Fourteenth Congress as a Federalist on a general ticket, receiving 17,718 votes against 16,874 votes for his Democratic opponent, serving from December 4, 1815, to March 3, 1817; although never licensed, he was, during the last years of his life, a Calvinistic preacher; died at South Hero April 4, 1841. Lyon, Caleb, " of Lyondale," was born at Greig, New York, December 7, 1822; received a classical education, graduating at the Norwich University of Vermont in 1841 ; was appointed by President Polk consul at Shanghai, serving 1845-1849; stopped at California on his return voyage, and was secretary of the Constitutional Convention; visited Europe and Egypt; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1851 ; resigned, and was the same year elected to the State Senate ; was elected a rep- 508 CONGEESSIONAL DIRECTORY. resentative from New York in the Thirty-third Con gress as an Independent, receiving 8,937 votes against 7,891 votes for Mundy, Democrat, and serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855; removed from " Lyonsdale," after the mansion had been burned, to Staten Island; was appointed by President Lincoln governor of Idaho Territory, serving 1864-1866; on his return to Washington, he was robbed of 47,000 of public money in a sleeping-car between New York and Washington ; died near Rossville, Staten Island, September 8, 1875. Lyon, Chittenden (son of Matthew Lyon), was born in Vermont in 1786; received a public-school education ; removed to Kentucky with his father in 1801 ; was a member of the State House of Repre sentatives, and subsequently of the State Senate; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Twentieth Congress as a Jackson Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty-first, Twenty-second, and Twenty-third Congresses, serving from December 3, 1827, to March 3, 1835 ; was defeated as a candidate for presidential elector on the Van Buren ticket in 1836; died in Caldwell County, Kentucky, Novem ber 8, 1842. Lyon, Francis S., was born in North Carolina; received a public-school education ; removed to Ala bama, and located at Demopolis ; was elected a rep resentative from Alabama in the Twenty-fourth Congress as a Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty- fifth Congress, receiving 3,651 votes against 3,604 votes for Baylor, Whig, serving from December 7, 1835, to March 3, 1839; was elected a representative from Alabama to the Second Confederate Congress in 1863. Lyon, Lucius, was born in Vermont ; received a public-school education; removed when a young man to Bronson, Michigan Territory; was a land-sur veyor; was elected a delegate from Michigan Terri tory in the Twenty-third Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1835; was elected a United-States senator from Michigan, serving from January 26, 1837, to March 3, 1839; was again elected a representative to the Twenty- eighth Congress, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1845; was surveyor-general of public lands in the North- West; died at Detroit, Michigan, Sep tember 25, 1851. Lyon, Matthew (father of Chittenden Lyon), was born in Wicklow County, Ireland, in 1746; im migrated to America in 1759 ; took an active part in the pre-Revolutionary movements; was a deputy- paymaster in the Revolutionary army in 1778; was clerk of the Court of Confiscation in 1786; founded the town of Fairfield, Vermont, in 1783; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1784- 1794; edited "The Freeman s Library" newspaper; was elected a representative from Vermont in the Fifth Congress, and was re-elected to the Sixth Congress, serving from May 15, 1797, to March 3, 1801; in January, 1798, a motion was made to have him expelled for having spat in the face of Roger Griswold, a representative from Connecticut, but it failed; in October, 1798, he was indicted in Vermont for writing for publication a letter calculated "to stir up sedition, and to bring the President and Government of the United States into contempt;" he was found guilty, and sentenced to be imprisoned four months, and to pay costs and a fine of $1,000; he was accordingly imprisoned four months in the depths of winter in a comfortless cell, and he paid the fine, which Congress refunded to his heirs with interest; Mr. Lyon is said to have revenged his wrongs by giving the vote that made Jefferson President; he afterwards removed to Kentucky, from which State he was elected a representative in the Eighth Con gress, and re-elected to the Ninth, Tenth, and Elev enth Congresses, serving from October 17, 1803, to March 3, 1811; he became bankrupt after having contracted to build a fleet of gun-boats for service in the war of 1812; was appointed United-States factor among the Cherokee Indians in Arkansas, and re moved to that Territory; was the first delegate elect ed to Congress, but died before taking his seat, at Spadra Bluff, Arkansas, August 1, 1822. Lytle, Robert T., resided at Cincinnati; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Twenty- third Congress as a Jackson Democrat, serving from December 2, 1833, to March 10, 1834; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Twenty-fourth Congress by Bellamy Storer, Whig, who received 105 majority; was again elected to the Twenty-third Congress (to supply the vacancy caused by his own resignation), receiving 2,602 votes against 2,555 votes for Mason, Whig, serving from December 27, 1834, to March 3, 1835 ; was appointed surveyor-general of public lands in Ohio, serving 1835-1S3S; died at New- Orleans, while on his way to Texas, December 21, 1881. McAllister, Archibald, was born in Dauphin County, Pennsylvania, in 1814; received a public- school education; engaged in the manufacture of iron at the Springfield furnace ; was elected a repre sentative from Pennsylvar a in the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 8,328 votes against 7,556 votes for Blair, Republican, serving from De cember 7, 1863, to March 3, 1865. McArthur, Duncan, was born in Dutchess County, New York, in 1772; removed with his father to Western Pennsylvania in 1780; became a pioneer land-surveyor in Ohio, locating at Chillicothe; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1805; was elected colonel of militia in 1806, and briga,dier-general in 1808; served in the war of 1812 as colonel of the First Ohio Volunteers from May 7, 1812; was promoted brigadier-general March 12, 1813, and was mustered out June 15, 1815; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirteenth Congress, but declined leaving the army; was again a member of the State House of Representatives in 1815 ; was a commissioner to negotiate treaties with the Indians in 1816 ; was again a member of the State House of Representatives 1817-1819 ; was elected a representa tive from Ohio in the Eighteenth Congress as a Clay Democrat, serving from December 1, 1823, to March 3, 1825; was governor of Ohio 1830-1832; was de feated as a Clay Democratic candidate for the Twen ty-third Congress by one majority, which elected William Allen, Jackson Democrat; died at his resi dence near Chillicothe, after an excruciating illness of four years, preceded by paralytic affliction, April 28, 1839. McBride, Archibald, was born in Moore Coun ty, North Carolina; was elected a representative from that State in the Eleventh Congress as a Demo crat; and was re-elected to the Twelfth Congress, defeating J. Culpepper, serving from May 22, 1809, to March 3, 1813; was a member of the State Senate for two years. McBride, John R., was born in Franklin Coun ty, Missouri. August 22, 1832; received a public- school education; removed to Oregon in 1846: was chosen superintendent of schools in 1854; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1855, and practised at Lafayette; was a delegate to the State Constitu tional Convention; was j, member of the State Senate for four years; was elected a representative from Oregon in the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Repub lican, receiving 6,809 votes against 3,632 votes for Wait, Democrat, serving from December 7, 1803, to March 3, 1865; was appointed by President Grant United-States judge for the district of Idaho. McCarthy, Dennis, was born at Salina, New York, March 19, 1814; received an academic educa tion; engaged in mercantile pursuits and the manu facture of salt ; was a member of the General Assem bly of New York in 1846; was mayor of Syracuse in 1853; was elected a representative from New York in the Fortieth Congress as a Republican, receiving 15,260 votes against 9,966 votes for Ruger, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress, re- STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 509 ceiving 16,470 votes against 11,455 votes for Porter, Democrat, serving from March 4, 1867, to March 3, 1871; was defeated as the Independent Democratic candidate for the Forty-second Congress, receiving 8,:)74 votes against 10,788 votes for R. Holland Duell, Republican. McCarty, Andrew Z., was born in New York; resided at Pulaski ; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-fourth Congress as a Whig, receiving 5,535 votes against 4,728 votes for Babcock, Democrat, and 3,C52 votes for Case, Free-Soiler, serv ing from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1857. McCarty, Jonathan, was born in Tennessee; received a public-school education; removed with his parents to Indiana, and located in Franklin County; was a member of the State House of Rep resentatives ; was instrumental in forming the new county of Fayette; was elected clerk of its courts, and removed to Connorsville, its county-seat; was elected a representative from Indiana in the Twenty- second Congress as a Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-third Congress, and was re-elected to the Twenty-fourth Congress, defeating James Rariden, Whig, serving from December 5, 1831, to March 3, 1837 ; was defeated as the Whig candidate for the Twenty-fifth Congress, receiving 3,959 votes against 6,235 votes for James Rariden, Whig; removed to Keokuk, Iowa, where he died in 1855. McCarty, Richard, was born at Albany, New York; received a public-school education ; was elected a representative from New York in the Seventeenth Congress, serving from December 3, 1821, to March 3, 1823. McCarty, W^illiam M., was born in Loudon County, Virginia; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Twenty-sixth Congress (in place of Charles F. Mercer, resigned) as a Whig, receiving 1,219 votes against 868 votes for James W. Pegram, Democrat, serving from January 25, 1840, to March 3, 1841. McClauslen, William C., was born in Ohio; received a public-school education; located at Steu- benville ; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, receiv ing 6,741 votes against 5,883 votes for Hanna, Whig, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1845. McClean, Moses, was born at Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, in 1804; received an academical edu cation; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1825, and commenced practice at Gettysburg; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-ninth Congress, serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1847 ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1855; was for many years president of the Board of Trustees of Pennsyl vania College; died at Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, October 1, 1870. McCleary, James, was elected a representa tive from Louisiana in the Forty-second Congress as a Republican (receiving 11,786 votes against 7,171 votes for M. Ryan, Democrat) ; visited Cuba in the hope of finding relief from a pulmonary complaint; was not well enough to return at the commencement of the session, and died November 5, 1871. He served in the Union army, where he lost an arm ; was subsequently connected with the Freedmen s Bureau in North Carolina and in Louisiana, and entered into the practice of law in the last-named State. McClellan, Abraham, was born in Tennessee; resided at Blountsville ; was elected a representative from Tennessee in the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 3,612 votes against 2,351 votes for Samuel Bunch, Whig, and 865 votes for Eliot, Whig ; was re-elected to the Twenty-sixth Congress, receiving 1,961 majority over John A. McKinney, Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-seventh Con gress, serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1843. McClellan, Robert, was born in Schoharie County, New York; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-fifth Congress, serv ing from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1839; was again elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress as a Democrat, receiving 11,194 votes against 10,139 votes for Justus McKinstry, Whig, serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1843; died at Middlebury June 7, 1860. McClelland, Robert, was born at Greencastle, Pennsylvania, August 1, 1807; received a classical education, graduating at Dickinson College in 1829; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1831, and commenced practice at Pittsburg; removed to Mon roe, Michigan, in 1833; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention in 1835 ; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1838-1843, serv ing the last year as speaker ; was elected a represen tative from Michigan in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty-ninth Congress, and was re-elected to the Thirtieth Con gress, receiving 7,877 votes against 6,442 votes for Lawrence, Whig, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3. 1849; was a delegate to the National Demo cratic Conventions in 1848, 1852, and 1868; was gov ernor of Michigan 1852-1853; was appointed by President Pierce secretary of the interior 1853-1857 ; removed to Detroit, Michigan, and resumed prac tice. McClelland, William, was born at Mount Jackson, Pennsylvania, March 2, 1842; received a common-school education, and, for a time, attended Westminster College at New Wilmington, Pennsyl vania ; at the outbreak of the late war, enlisted as a private in Battery B, First Artillery, P. R. V. C., and, at the close of the war, was mustered out as its com mander, having served over four years, and partici pated in all the battles fought by the Army of the Potomac, except Chancellorsville and Gettysburg; subsequently attended Alleghany College at Mead- ville, Pennsylvania, but did not graduate; studied law, and was admitted to practice in June, 1870 ; and was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Forty-second Congress as a Democrat, receiving 12,277 votes against 11,505 votes for J. B. Donley, Republican, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1873 ; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Forty-third Congress, receiving 13,169 votes against 14,195 votes i or William S. Moore, Repub lican. McClenachan, Blair, was born in Pennsylva nia; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Fifth Congress, serving from May 15, 1797, to March 3, 1799. McClene, James, was a delegate from Pennsyl vania to the Continental Congress 1778-1780. McClernand, John Alexander, was born in Breckenridge County, Kentucky, May 30, 1812; re moved with his parents to Illinois; received a public- school education ; studied law with Henry Eddy ; w r as admitted to the bar in 1832, and commenced practice at Shawneetown; served in the Black Hawk war as a private ; established and edited " The Shawneetow r n Democrat;" was a member of the State House cf Representatives in 1836, 1840, 1842, and 1843; was a presidential elector on the Van Buren and Johnson ticket in 1839; was elected a representative from Illinois in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, defeating Zadoc Casey, Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-ninth, Thirtieth, and Thirty-first Congresses, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1851 ; was again elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, serv ing from December 5, 1859, until the commencement of hostilities in 1861, when he resigned, and returned to Illinois, where he recruited a brigade for the Union army, serving through the war. McCloud, John B., of Mobile, claimed to have been elected a representative from the Second Dis trict of Virginia in the Thirty-seventh Congress, re ceiving 645 votes against 641 votes for Wing, 116 for Cowper, and 20 scattering. The House Committee on Elections reported in February, 1863, that this was 510 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. in no sense an election, as the district visually polled over 10,000 votes, and only four precincts were opened. McClure, Charles, was born in Pennsylvania; residod at Pittsburg; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1839 ; was again elected to the Twenty-sixth Con gress (in place of William S. Ramsay, deceased), serving from December 7, 1840, to March 3, 1841 ; was State secretary of state; died in consequence of a fall, which broke his neck, at Pittsburg, Pennsyl vania, February 8, 1846. McClurg, Joseph "W., was born in St. Louis County, Missouri, February 22, 1818; was educated at Xenia Academy and Oxford College, Ohio ; was a teacher in Louisiana and Mississippi in 1835 and 1836 ; went to Texas, where he was admitted to the bar, and made clerk of the Circuit Court in 1840 ; after wards returned to Missouri, and in 1844 engaged in mercantile pursuits; served as colonel of home guards early in 1861, and afterwards as colonel of cavalry in the Union army for the suppression of the Rebellion ; was a member of the State Convention of Missouri of 1861, 1802, and 1863; was elected a rep resentative from Missouri in the Thirty-eighth Con gress as an Emancipation candidate, receiving 4,930 votes against 4,333 votes for Price, Democrat ; was re- elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress as a Radical candidate, receiving 0,976 votes against 2,555 votes for Orr, Democrat ; and was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress in 1866 as a Radical, receiving 7,617 votes against 4,084 votes for Thomas L. Prioe, Conserva tive, serving from December 7, 1863, to 1868, when he resigned. McComas, William, was born in Virginia; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Twenty-third Congress as a Whig, defeating William Smith by 400 majority ; was re-elected to the Twenty- fourth Congress, defeating D. Smith by 206 majority, and sen-ing from December 2, 1833, to "March 3, 1837. McComb, Eleazer, was a delegate to the- Con tinental Congress from Delaware 1782-1784. McConnell, Felix G., was born in Lincoln County, Tennessee, but removed in 1824 to Tallade- ga, Alabama ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice ; was elected a representa tive from Alabama in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, defeating William P. Chilton, Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-ninth Congress, serving from December 4, 1843, to September 10, 1846; he committed suicide in a fit of delirium at the St. Charles Hotel, Washington, by stabbing himself in the abdomen, and then cutting his throat. McCook, Anson G., was born at Steubenville, Ohio, October 10, 1835; received a common-school education ; in the spring of 1854 crossed the plains to California; returned in the autumn of 1859, and, at the outbreak of the Rebellion, was engaged in the study of the law; entered the Union army as captain in the Second Regiment of Ohio Infantry, and was at the first battle of Bull Run; on the re-organization of the regiment, was commissioned major, and after ward promoted to be lieutenant-colonel and colonel, serving with the regiment in the Army of the Cum berland ; at the muster-out of the regiment, was com missioned colonel of the One Hundred and Ninety- fourth Ohio Infantry, and, at the close of the war, was brevetted brigadier-general; was appointed as sessor of internal revenue in the Seventeenth Ohio District in November, 1865; removed to New York in May, 1873, and was elected a representative from New York in the Forty-fifth Congress as a Repub lican, receiving 13,221 votes against 12,408 votes for Elijah Ward, Democrat, serving from October 15, 1877. McCord, Andrew, was born in Ulster County, New York; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1800, 1801, 1802, and 1807; was elect ed a representative from New York iu the Eighth Congress, serving from October 17, 1803, to March 3, 1805. McCorkle, Joseph W., was born in Ohio; re moved to Marysville, California; was elected a repre sentative from California in the Thirty-second Con gress as a Democrat, receiving 23,493 votes against 19,071 votes for Moore, Whig, serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1853. McCormick, James R., was born in Washing ton County, Missouri, August 1, 1824; received a public-school education; studied medicine; was li censed to practise in 1849; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention of 1861; was a State senator in 1862; served as a brigadier-general of mi litia in 1863; was appointed by President Lincoln a surgeon in the army, which he declined ; was again elected United-States senator in 1866; was elected a representative from Missouri in the Fortieth Congress (in place of Thomas E. Noell, deceased) as a Democrat ; was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress, receiving 5,153 votes against 4,226 votes for Bush, Republican; was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress, receiving 7,572 votes against 2,331 votes for G. I. Van Allen, Republican, and 2,015 votes for W. Nalle, Independ ent Democrat, serving from December 17, 1867, to March 3, 1873. McCormick, Richard C., was born at New York in 1832 ; received a classical education ; entered into business in Wall Street in 1850; visited Europe during the Crimean war; edited " The Young Men s Magazine" in 1859; was a war-correspondent for several leading journals in 1861 ; was chief clerk of the Department of Agriculture in 1862; was ap pointed secretary of Arizona Territory in 1863, and governor of the Territory in 1866; was elected a delegate from Arizona Territory in the Forty-first Congress as an Independent Union candidate, re ceiving 1,263 votes against 644 votes for Rush, and 186 votes for Adams; was re-elected to the Forty- second Congress, receiving 970 majority over P. R. Brady, Democrat ; and was re-elected to the Forty- third Congress, serving from March 4, 1869, to March 3, 1875; was a commissioner to the Centennial Ex hibition 1875-1876; was assistant secretary of the treasury 1877-1878; was chief commissioner to the Paris Exposition 1878. McCoy, Robert, was born at Carlisle, Pennsyl vania; received a public-school education; was State canal commissioner; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-second Congress, serving from December 5, 1831, to March 2, 1833; died at Wheeling, Virginia, June 7, 1849. McCoy, William, was born in Augusta County, Virginia; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Twelfth Congress as a Jackson Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirteenth, Fourteenth, Fif teenth, Sixteenth, Seventeenth, Eighteenth, Nine teenth, Twentieth, Twenty-first, and Twenty-second Congresses, serving from November 4, 1811, to March 2, 1833. McCrary, George W., was born near Evans- ville, Indiana, August 29, 1835; removed with his parents to the Territory which now forms the State of Iowa in 1836; was educated in the public school and academy ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar at Keokuk, Iowa, in 1856 ; in 1857 he was elected to the State legislature ; in 1861 he was elected to the State Senate for four years; and, after devoting all his time to the practice of his profession until 1868, he was elected a representative from Iowa in the Forty-first Congress as a Republican, receiving 17,718 votes against 12,705 votes for Claggett, Demo crat; was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress, receiving 13,327 votes against 9,961 votes for Edmund Jagcr, Democrat; was "re-elected to the Forty-third Congress, receiving 15,149 votes against 10,961 votes for Shelley, Liberal Republican ; and was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Congress, receiving 11,384 votes against 9,521 votes for Leroy G. Palmer, Liberal and Democrat, serving from March 4, 1869, to March 3, STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 511 1877 ; was appointed by President Hayes secretary of war March 12, 1877. McCrate, John D., was born at Wiscasset, Maine, May 1, 1800; received a classical education, graduating at Bowdoin College in 1819; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Wiscasset; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1831-1836; was collector of customs at Wiscasset 1836-1841 ; was elected a representative from Maine in the Twenty-ninth Congress as a Demo crat, serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1847. McCreary, John, was born in Chester District, South Carolina; was elected a representative from South Carolina in the Sixteenth Congress, serving from December 6, 1819, to March 3, 1821. McCreedy, W^illiam, was born in Pennsyl vania; was elected a representative from Pennsyl vania in the Twenty-first Congress, serving from De cember 7, 1829, to March 3, 1831. McCreery, Thomas C., was born in Kentucky in 1817 ; studied law, but, instead of practising the profession, turned his attention to agricultural pur suits; was a presidential elector in 1852; was a member of the board of visitors to the Military Academy at West Point in 1858 ; was elected in 1868 United-States senator from Kentucky (in the place of James Guthrie, resigned); took his seat February 27, 1868, and served until Marcli 3, 1871 ; and was re- elected as a Democrat (in the place of W. B. Machen, appointed in the place of Garrett Davis, deceased ) , and took his seat March 4, 1873. His term of service will expire March 3, 1879. McCreery, William, was elected a representa tive from Maryland in the Eighth Congress ; was re- elected to the Ninth and Tenth Congresses, serving from October 17, 1803, to March 3, 1809. McCulloch, George, was born in Pennsylvania ; resided at Centre Line ; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-sixth Congress (in place of William W. Potter, deceased) as a Democrat, serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1841. McCulloch, John, was born in Pennsylvania; received a public-school education; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-third Congress as a Whig, receiving 7,847 votes against 6,112 votes for Shaffer, Democrat, serving from De cember 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855. McCullough, Hiram, was born in Cecil County, Maryland, September 20, 1818; received an academic education; studied and practised law; was a member of the State Senate of Maryland in 1845-1851; was appointed one of the codifiers of the laws of Mary land in 1852 ; was elected a representative from Mary land in the Thirty-ninth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 9,677 votes against 6,307 votes for J. A. J. Creswell, Republican; and was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, receiving 11,729 votes against 4,052 votes for Russum, Republican, serving from December 4, 1865, to March 3, 1869. McCullough, Thomas G., was born in Frank lin County, Pennsylvania; received a public-school education ; was elected a representative from Penn sylvania in the Sixteenth Congress (in place of David Fullerton, resigned), serving from November 13, 1820, to March 3, 1821. McDaniel, William, was elected a representa tive from Missouri in the Twenty-ninth Congress (in place of Sterling Price, resigned) as a Democrat, defeating Kincaid, Whig, serving from December 7, 1846, to Marcli 3, 1847. McDill, Alexander S., was born in Crawford County, Pennsylvania, March 18, 1822 ; after a partial course of studies at Alleghany College, studied and graduated in medicine at the Cleveland Medical Col lege; was engaged in the general practice of his pro fession in his native State from 1848 until 1856, when he removed to his present place of residence in Portage County, Wisconsin; was elected to the House of Representatives of the Wisconsin legisla ture in 1861, and to the State Senate of Wisconsin in 1862; was chosen a presidential elector in 1864; was one of the board of managers of the Wisconsin State Hospital for the Insane from 1862 to 1868, when he was elected medical superintendent, which position he resigned to take his seat in the Forty- third Congress, to which he was elected a repre sentative from Wisconsin as a Republican, receiving 10,711 votes against 7,238 votes for W. Carson, Demo crat, serving from December 1, 1873, to March 4, 1875; was defeated as the Republican candidate for the Forty-fourth Congress, receiving 9,444 votes against 9,446 votes for George M. Cate, Independent Reformer; resumed his position as medical super intendent of the Hospital for the Insane, near Madi son, Wisconsin; and died there November 12. 1875. McDill, James Wilson, was born at Monroe, Ohio, March 4, 1834 ; received an early education at the South-Salem Academy, and graduated at the Miami University at Oxford, Ohio, in 1853; studied law at Columbus, Ohio, with Sam. Galloway; was admitted to the bar in 1856, and removed to Iowa in that year; was elected county-judge of Union County, Iowa, in 1859; was appointed in 1861 clerk of the Senate Committee on the District of Columbia, of which Hon. J. W. Grimes was chairman, and sub sequently a clerk in the office of the third auditor of the treasury, in which he served until the spring of 1865, when he resigned, and returned to Iowa; was elected circuit-judge of the Second District, Third Judicial Circuit of Iowa, in 1868; was ap pointed in 1870, and then elected, district-judge of the Third Judicial Circuit of Iowa, which position he held when he was elected a representative from Iowa in the Forty-third Congress as a Republican, receiving 12,675 votes against 10,204 votes for W. W. Merritt, Democrat and Liberal; and was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Congress, receiving 14,156 votes against 10,776 votes for Anson Rood, anti-Monopolist and Granger, serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, f877. McDonald, Alexander, was born in Clinton County, Pennsylvania, April 10, 1832 ; was educated at the Lewisburg University; removed to Kansas in 1857; engaged in mercantile pursuits; took a leading part in raising and equipping Union troops during the war for the suppression of the Rebellion ; estab lished himself in Arkansas as a merchant in 1863 ; was the founder and first president of the Na tional Bank at Fort Smith, and afterwards of the Merchants National Bank at Little Rock; was the first signer of the call for the State Convention under the reconstruction acts, and was elected a member of that convention; was eleted United-States senator from Arkansas as a Republican, serving from June 23, ]868, to March 3, 1871. McDonald, Joseph E., was born in Butler County, Ohio, August 29, 1819 ; was taken to Indiana in 1826; was apprenticed to the saddler s trade at Lafayette; was two years in college, but did not graduate; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1843, and commenced practice; was prosecuting- attorney in 1843-1847; was elected a representative from Indiana in the Thirty-first Congress as a Demo crat, receiving 7,432 votes against 7,098 votes for Lane, Whig, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1851 ; was elected attorney-general of Indiana in 1856, and re-elected in 1858; removed to Indianapolis in 1859; was the unsuccessful Democratic candidate for governor of Indiana in 1864; was elected United- States senator from Indiana as a Democrat (to suc ceed Daniel D. Pratt, Republican), and took his seat March 5, 1875. His term of service will expire March 3, 1881. MacDonald, Moses, was born at Limerick, Maine, April 8, 1815 ; received an academical educa tion; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1837, and commenced practice at Limerick, Maine; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 512 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. 1841, 1842, and 1845, serving the last year as speaker of the House; was State senator 1847; was State treasurer of Maine 1847-1849; was elected a rejfresen- tative from Maine in the Thirty-second Congress as a Democrat, receiving 5,173 votes against 4,683 votes for N. D. Appleton, Whig, and 530 votes for M. Sweat, Free-Soiler; and was re-elected to the Thirty- third Congress, receiving 9,218 votes against 5,333 votes for N. D. Appleton, Whig, and 1,358 votes for Fessenden, Free-Soiler, serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1855; was appointed hy President Buchanan collector of customs at Portland, serving 1857-1861; died at Saco, Maine, October 18, 1869. McDougaU, Alexander, was born in Scotland in 1731; immigrated to New York in 1755; learned the art of printing, and was imprisoned as the author and printer of Revolutionary documents ; served in the Revolutionary army as colonel of the First New- York Regiment ; was commissioned brigadier-general August 9, 1776, and major-general October 20, 1777 ; was a delegate from New York to the Continental Congress in 1781 and in 1784-1785; was elected a member of the State Senate 1783-1786 ; died at New York June 8, 1786. MacDougall, Clinton Dugald, was born in Scotland June 14, 1839; came to America with his parents in 1842; received an academic education; studied law; was engaged in the banking business 1856-1869; raised a company for the Seventy-fifth New- York Volunteers in 1861 ; went to Florida with his regiment; was made lieutenant-colonel of the One Hundred and Eleventh New-York Volunteers in August, 1862, and colonel in January, 1863; com manded the post at Centre ville, Virginia, to June, 1863; joined the Army of the Potomac, in which he commanded the Third Brigade, Third Division, Sec ond Corps, at Gettysburg, and afterward the Third Brigade, First Division, Second Corps, until the close of the war; was brevetted brigadier-general in 1864; returned home at the close of the war to pursue his banking business; was appointed postmaster of the city of Auburn in March, 1869; was elected a repre sentative from New York in the Forty-third Congress as a Republican, receiving 16,486 votes for W. T. Graves, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Forty- fourth Congress as a Republican, receiving 14,433 votes against 11,857 votes for Wilson, Democrat, serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1877; declined the position of treasurer of the United States, offered him in June, 1876, and also that of commissioner of internal revenue, offered him in July, 1876; was appointed by President Grant mar shal for the Western Judicial District of New York in 1*77. McDougall, James A., was born at Bethle hem, Albany County, New York, November 19, 1817 ; was educated at the Albany Grammar School ; was a surveyor s assistant on the Albany and Schenectady Railroad; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Pike County, Illinois, in 1837; was attorney-general of Illinois 1842-1846; organized and accompanied an expedition to explore the Rio del Norte, the Gila, and the Colorado Rivers; re moved to California, and practised at San Francisco; was elected attorney-general of California in 1850; was elected a representative from California in the Thirty-third Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855; declined a renomiuation to the Thirty-fourth Congress; was elected a United-States senator from California as a Democrat, serving from July 4, 1861, to March 3, 1867; was a delegate to the National Democratic Convention at Chicago in 1864; died at Albany, New York, September 3, 1867. McDowell, James, was born in Rockbridge County, Virginia, in 1796; received a classical edu cation, graduating at Princeton College in 1817; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Twen ty-ninth Congress (in place of William Taylor, de ceased) as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Thir tieth Congress, receiving 2,995 votes against 2,138 votes for Gray, Whig ; was re-elected to the Thirty- first Congress, receiving 5,154 votes without oppo sition, serving from March 6, 1846, to March 3, 1851 ; died near Lexington, Virginia, August 24, 1851. McDowell, James Foster, was born in Mif- fliii County, Pennsylvania, December 3, 1825; went with his parents to Ohio in 1835 ; received a public- school education; worked in a printing-office; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1846, and commenced practice ; removed to Indiana, and estab lished "The Marion Journal;" was elected a rep resentative from Indiana in the Thirty-eighth Con gress as a Democrat, receiving 13,142 votes against 12,219 votes for Shanks. Republican, serving from De cember 7, 1863, to March 3, 1865 ; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiving 13,383 votes against 15,623 votes for Thomas F. Stillwell, Union. McDowell, Joseph (father of Joseph J. Mc Dowell), was born at Winchester, Virginia; and his father soon afterwards removed to Burke County, North Carolina; was active in the Revolutionary movements, commanding a portion of the right wing under his brother Joseph at the battle of King s Mountain October 7, 1780; was a member of the House of Commons of North Carolina 1782-1788; was a member of the convention of 1788 to consider the adoption of the Federal Constitution, which he opposed ; was elected to the Third Congress, serving from December 2, 1793, until March 3, 1795; was again elected to the Fifth Congress, serving from May 15, 1797, to March 3, 1799. McDowell, Joseph J. (son of Joseph McDow ell), was born in North Carolina; was elected a rep resentative from Ohio in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 5,376 votes against 5,052 votes for Thompson, Whig, and 341 votes for Keys, Abolitionist ; was re-elected to the Twenty-ninth Con gress, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1847. McDuffie, George, was born in Columbia County, Georgia, in 1788; attended public schools; was a clerk at Augusta, Georgia; was sent by Wil liam Calhoun to Dr. Waddell s school at Wilmington, and graduated at the South-Carolina College in 1813; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1814, and commenced practice at Pendleton, South Carolina; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1818-1820; was elected a representative from South Carolina in the Seventeenth Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Eighteenth, Nineteenth, Twen tieth, Twenty-first, Twenty-second, and Twenty- third Congresses, serving from December 3, 1821, to 1834, when he resigned; was elected governor of South Carolina; was elected a United-States sena tor from South Carolina (in place of William C. Preston, resigned), serving from January, 1843, to January 17, 1846, when he resigned ; died in Sumter District, North Carolina, March 11, 1851. McFadden, Obadiah B., was born in Wash ington County, Pennsylvania, in the year 1817; is by profession a lawyer; was elected to the legislature of Pennsylvania in the year 1843; was elected pro- thonotary for the Court of Common Pleas of Wash ington County, Pennsylvania, in 1845; in 1853 he was appointed associate justice of the Supreme Court for the Territory of Oregon; in 1854 he was appointed associate justice of the Supreme Court for Washington Territory; in 1858 he was appointed chief justice of the Supreme Court for Washington Territory, and discharged the duties of that position until the fall of 1861 ; has represented his district in the Legislative Council ; and was elected a delegate from Washington Territory in the Forty-third Con gress as a Democrat by a majority of 708 over S. Garfielde, Republican, serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1877 ; died at Olympia, Washington Ter ritory, June 25, 1875. McFarlan, Duncan, was born in North Caro- STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 513 lina : received a public-school education ; was elected a representative from North Carolina in the Ninth Congress, serving from December 2, 1805, to March 3, 18J7; was fjr three years a member of the State Senate; died September 7, 1816. McFarland, William, was born at Dandridge, Tennessee, September 15, 1821 ; received a common- school education ; studied law in early life, but aban doned it; was a clerk in a store, and afterward in a tanning and mercantile business on his own account until the commencement of the war in 1861; after ths war he resumed the practice of law, in which he is yet engaged; was for many years a magistrate; was chairman of the County Court; was appointed judge of the Circuit Court in 1870; and was elected a rep resentative from Tennessee in the Forty-fourth Con gress as a Conservative and Democrat, receiving 8,797 votes against 6,984 votes for R. R. Butler, Republican, serving from December 6, 1875, to March 3, 1877; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 11,215 votes against 12,349 votes for James Henry Randolph, Republican. McGaughey, Edward W., was born in Indi ana; received a public-school education; was elected a representative from Indiana in the Twenty-ninth Congress as a Whig, receiving 6,183 votes against 6,012 votes for Wright, Democrat, serving from De cember 1, 1845, to March 3, 1847; was again elected to the Thirty-first Congress, receiving 6,782 votes against 4,909 votes for Cookerly, Democrat, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1851 ; was de feated as the Whig candidate for the Thirty-second Congress, receiving 5,814 votes against 6,076 votes for Davis, Democrat; died at Greencastle, Indiana, August 18, 1852. McGowan, J. H., was born at Smithtown, Ohio, April 2, 1837 ; in 1854 removed with his parents to Orland, Indiana; in 1857 he entered the University of Michigan, and graduated in June, 1831; taught in the city schools of Coldwater, Michigan, for one year, and then enlisted as a private in the Fifth Michigan Cavalry Volunteers; was afterward promoted to a captaincy; raised a company for the Ninth Michigan Cavalry, and went into active service with that regi ment in the spring of 1863; by reason of injuries received in a cavalry charge, he was disabled, and resigned his commission in February, 1834, returning to Coldwater, where he studied law with the Hon. C. D. Randall, and was admitted to the bar in 1867; from 1868 to 1872 he was prosecuting-attorney ; served one term as State senator, and seven years as regent of the University of Michigan, resigning to take his seat in the Forty-fifth Congress, to which he was elected as a Republican, receiving 19,878 votes against 17,223 votes for Fidus Livermore, Democrat, serving from October 15. 1877. McGrew, James C., was born in what is now Preston County, West Virginia (then a part of Mo- nongalia County, Virginia), September 14, 1813; received a substantial, practical English education; when not in school, worked on his father s farm; at the age of twenty, engaged in mercantile pursuits, which he followed steadily and with fair success for thirty years, when he engaged in banking, which is his present business ; was a delegate to the Virginia State Convention in 1861 ; was a member of the legis lature of West Virginia in 1863, 1864, and 1865; has been a managing director of the West-Virginia Hos pital for the Insane since 1863 ; was elected a represen tative from West Virginia in the Forty-first Congress as a Union Republican, receiving 9,149 votes against 6,518 votes for Brown, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress, receiving 9,011 votes against 8,098 votes for O. D. Downey, Democrat, serving from March 4, 1809, to March 3, 1873. M Hatton, Robert, was born in Virginia; re moved to Kentucky, and located at Georgetown ; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Nine teenth Congress (in place of James Johnson, deceased) as a Jackson Democrat, receiving 1,479 votes against 1,107 votes for Sanford, and 987 for Coleman; was re-elected to the Twentieth Congress, defeating Sanford, and serving from December 7, 1826, to March 3, 1829; was defeated as a Democratic candidate to the Twenty-first Congress by Ex-Senator Richard M. Johnson, Democrat; died at GeorgetOAvn, Kentucky. McHenry, Henry D., was born at Hartford, Kentucky, February 27, 1826; graduated at the Tran sylvania Law School in 1845; was a member of the House of Representatives in the State legislature in 1851-1852 and 1852-1853, of the State Senate in 1861- 18(52, 1862-1863, 1863-1864, and 1884-1865, and again of the State House of Representatives in 1865-1866 and 1866-1867; and was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Forty-second Congress as a Democrat, receiving 8,214 votes against 5,490 votes for M. J. Roark, Republican, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1873. McHenry, James, was born in Maryland in 1753; served in the Revolution as aide-de-camp to General Lafayette; was a delegate from Maryland to the Continental Congress 1783-1786; was a member of the Federal Constitutional Convention in 1787; was secretary of war January 27, 1796, to May 13, 1800; died at Baltimore May 8, 1816. McHenry, John H., was born in Kentucky; resided at Hartford; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Twenty-ninth Congress as a Whig, receiving 685 majority, serving from December 1, 1845. to March 3, 1847. M llvaine, Abraham Robinson, was born at Crum Creek, Pennsylvania, August 14, 1804; re ceived a practical English education; devoted him self to agricultural pursuits, and settled on a farm in the northern part of Chester County, Pennsylvania; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1836 and 1837 ; declined a nomination to the State Senate in 1838; was chosen a presidential elector in 1840 on the Harrison and Tyler ticket ; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty- eighth Congress as a Whig, receiving 4,391 votes against 4,106 votes for Allison, Democrat; was re- elected to the Twenty-ninth and Thirtieth Congresses, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1849; died in Chester County, Pennsylvania, August 14, 1863. Mcllvaine, Joseph, was born at Bristol, Bucks County, Pennsylvania, in 1768; received an academ ical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1791, and commenced practice at Burlington, New Jersey; was clerk of the courts in Burlington County 1800-1823; was United-States attorney for the district of New Jersey 1801-1820; was elected a United-States senator from New Jersey as a Demo crat (in place of Samuel L. Southard, resigned), serving from December 1, 1823, to August 19, 1826, when he died at Burlington. Mclndoe, "Walter D., was born in Scotland, March 30, 1819 ; immigrated to the United States in his fifteenth year; engaged in mercantile pursuits at New York, Charleston, and St. Louis; located in Wisconsin, where he engaged in the lumber busi ness; was a member of the Wisconsin House of Rep resentatives in 1850, 1854, and 1855 ; was a presiden tial elector on the Fremont ticket in. 1855, and the Lincoln ticket in 1860; was elected a representative from Wisconsin in the Thirty-seventh Congress (in place of Luther Hanchett, deceased) as a Repub lican ; was re-elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, receiving 13,692 votes against 6,879 votes for Henry Reed, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Thirty- ninth Congress, serving from January 26, 1863, to March 3, 1867. Mclntire, Rufus, was born at York, Maine, December 19, 1774; received a classical education, graduating at Dartmouth College in 1809; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1812, and commenced practice at Parsonsfield, Maine ; served in the war of 514 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. 1812 as captain of Maine volunteers ; resumed prac tice at York; was a member of the State House of Representatives; was county-attorney; was a mem ber of the boundary commission in 18:26; was elected a representative from Maine in the Twentieth Con gress (in place of Albion K. Parris, resigned) as a Jackson Democrat, receiving 359 majority over John State House of Representatives in 1836; was State land -agent in 1833-1840; was United-States marshal for the district of Maine; was surveyor of (lie port of Portland; died at Parsonsfield, Maine, April 28, 1S66. Mclntyre, Archibald Thompson, of Thom- asville, was barn in Twiggs County, Georjia, Octo ber 27, 1822; was educated at the Thomasville Academy; studied law at Monticello, Florida, and Macon, Georgia; was a member of the State legisla ture of Georgia in 1849; was a member of the State Constitutional Convention of Georgia in 1863; and was elected a representative from Georgia in the Forty-second Congress as a Democrat, receiving (after the exclusion of the votes of Bullock and Wayne Counties) 15,033 votes against 9,602 votes for V. Hillyer, Radical, 2,140 votes for A. A. Bradley, Radical, and 13 votes for R. W. White, Radical, serv ing from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1873. "McJunkin, Ebenezer, was bom in Butler County, Pennsylvania, March 28, 1819 ; graduated at Jefferson College, Washington County, Pennsylvania, in 1841 ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in September, 1843; was a delegate to the National Re publican Convention at Chicago in 1863; was on the Republican electoral ticket in Pennsylvania in 1864; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Forty-second Congress as a Republican, receiv ing 12,591 votes against 8,891 votes for W. Sirwell, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress, receiving 17,431 votes for W. J. Kountz, Independent Democrat, and 3,325 votes for W. F. Johnston, Liberal, serving from March 4, 1871, to January 1, 1875, when he resigned. McKay, Jame.3 J., was born in Bladen Coun ty, North Carolina, in 1793; received a classical educa tion; studied law, and enjoyed an extensive practice; was United-States attorney for the district of North Carolina for several years; was elected to the State Senate of North Carolina in 1815-1819, 1822, 1820, and 1830; was elected as a Democrat to the Twenty- second Congress, and successively re-elected to the Twenty-third, Twenty-fourth, Twenty-fifth (defeat ing Hawkins), Twenty-sixth (defeating Hilliard), Twenty-seventh (defeating Leach), Twenty-eighth (defeating Meares), Twenty-ninth (defeating Hoi- comb), and Thirtieth Congresses (defeating" Hall), sen-ing from December 2, 1833, until March 3, 1849; was voted for by the North-Carolina delegation as their candidate for Vice-President in the National Democratic Convention of 1848 at Baltimore, which nominated Cass and Butler; died at Goldsborough, North Carolina, suddenly, of bilious colic, September 14, 1853. McKean, James Bedell, was born at Hoosick, New York, August 5, 1821 ; received an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1849, and commenced practice at Saratoga Springs; was county-judge for Saratoga County 1854-1858; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Republican, receiving 11,428 votes against 9,808 votes for Odell, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress, re ceiving 14,924 votes against 10,474 votes for Davis, Democrat, serving from December 5, 1859, to Marcli 3. 1863 ; recruited the Sixty-seventh Regiment of New- York Infantry while he was a representative in Con gress, and commanded it in the Army of the Potomac ; was appointed chief justice of Utah by President Lincoln, and was superseded in 1875. McKean, Samuel, was born in Huntington County, Pennsylvania; received a public-school edu cation; was elected a representative from Pennsylva nia in the Eighteenth Congress as a Democrat ; was re-elected to the Nineteenth and Twentieth Con gresses, serving from December 1, 1823, to March 3, 1829; was elected a United-States senator from Penn sylvania, serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1839; died in McKean County, Pennsylvania, June 23, 1840. McKean, Thomas, was born in Chester Coun ty, Pennsylvania, March 11), 1734; received an aca demical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at New Castle, Dela ware ; was a member of the Delaware House of Rep resentatives 1762-1709; was a delegate to the General Congress at Now York in 1765; was elected a dele gate from Delaware to the Continental Congress in 1774, and was annually re-elected until 1783, being the delegate who was a continuous member; served in the Revolutionary army as captain of volunteers ; removed to Pennsylvania; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention; was governor of Penn sylvania 1799-1803; died at Philadelphia June 24, 1817. McKee, George C., was born at Joliet, Illinois, October 2, 1837 ; was educated in the academic de partment of Knox College, and received a partial collegiate education at Lombard University; was ad mitted to the bar at twenty-one years of age; was elected city-attorney of Centralia, Illinois, and prac tised law until the outbreak of the Rebellion, when he enlisted (in April, 1861) as a private in the Elev enth Illinois Infantry, three-months troops; upon the re-organization for three years service, he was elected captain of his company; he served through out the war in various capacities and ranks, and was wounded at Fort Donelson, Shiloh, and Vicksburg, commanding a picked corps during the siege of the last-named place; when in command of his own regiment and other detachments, on the second Ya- zoo expedition, he defeated the rebel assault at Yazoo City March 5, 1864, after which he was ordered, as brigadier-general, to enroll and equip four regiments of colored militia; at the close of the war, after having been continuously in Mississippi since 1862, he settled at Vicksburg, where he assumed the practice of his profession, and also engaged in planting in Madison County; was appointed register in bank ruptcy in 1867; was a member of the Constitutional Convention of Mississippi; was elected a representa tive from Mississippi in the Fortieth Congress, but the State was refused admission; and was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress as a Republican, receiving 25,082 votes against 9,811 votes for Fisk, Conserva tive; was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress, receiving 25,082 votes against 9,811 votes for Fisk, Conservative and Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress, receiving 14,819 votes against 8,073 votes for W. B. Shelby, Democrat, serving from February 23, 1870, to March 3, 1875. McKee, John, was born in Rockbridge County, Virginia; received an academical education; went to Alabama as agent to the Choctaw Indians; lo cated at Tuscaloosa; was elected a representative from Alabama in the Eighteenth Congress ; was re- elected to the Nineteenth Congress, receiving 176 majority over Baylor; was re-elected to the Twen tieth Congress, serving from December 1, 1823, to March 3, 1829; died at Tuscaloosa, Alabama. McKee, Samuel, was born in Virginia; removed to Kentucky; was a delegate to the Constitutional Convention; was elected a representative from Ken tucky in the Eleventh Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Twelfth, Thirteenth, and Fourteenth Congresses, serving from May 22, 1809, to March 3, 1817. McKee, Samuel, was born in Montgomery County, Kentucky, November 5, 1833; was reared upon his father s farm, working there in the sum- STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 515 mers, and attending public schools in the winters, until he was nineteen years of age; graduated at Miami University, Ohio, in 1857; graduated at the Cincinnati Law School in 1858, and commenced prac tice at Mount Sterling. Kentucky; entered the Union army in July, 1802, "as captain of the Fourteenth Kentucky Cavalry, and served until March 22, 1863, when he was captured, and carried to Richmond, where he remained in Libby Prison until April 30, 18(54, when he was released, and honorably mustered out of service; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Thirty-ninth Congress as a Repub lican, receiving 8.103 votes against 0,241 votes for J. Smith Hurtt, Union Democrat; was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, serving from December 4, 1805, to March 3, 1809; was appointed by President Grant agent for paying pensions at Louisville, Kentucky, serving from 1809 to 1871 ; resumed the practice of law at Louisville. Kentucky. McKennan, Thomas M. T., was born in Penn sylvania ; received an academical education ; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice at Washington; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-second Congress as a Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-third Con gress; was re-el (feted to the Twenty-fourth Con gress, defeating Thomas Kingland, Van Buren Dem ocrat ; was re-elected to the Twenty-fifth Congress, defeating Thomas Kingland, Van Buren Democrat, serving from December s, 1831, to March 3, 1839; de clined being a candidate for re-election ; was again elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress, serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1843; was secretary of the interior from August 15, 1850, to September 12, 1850; died at Reading, Pennsylvania, July 9, 1852. McKensieV James A., was born in Christian County, Kentucky, August 1, 1840; was educated in the common schools of Christian County, and at Centre College, Danville, Kentucky; read law, and received license to practise; is by occupation a farmer; was a member of the Kentucky legislature 1807-1871; was Democratic elector for the State at large in 1872; was elected a representative from Ken tucky in the Forty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 17,557 votes against 9,374 votes for James Z. Moore, Republican, serving from October 15, 1877. McKenty, Jacob K., was born at Douglasville, Pennsylvania, in 1827; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1848; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1851, and commenced practice at Reading; was elected district-attorney for Berks County in 1856; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-sixth Congress (in place of John Schwartz, deceased), serving from December 3, 1800, to March 3, 1801 ; died at Douglasville, Penn sylvania, January 3. 1800. McKenzie, Lewis, was born at Alexandria, Virginia, October 7, 1810; received an academic edu cation; was placed in a counting-room when he was thirteen years of age, and engaged in mercantile pursuits and the shipping business; was for twenty years a member of the city council of Alexandria; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1859-1801; was mayor of Alexandria in 1801; was elected a representative from Virginia in the third session of the Thirty-seventh Congress as a Unionist, receiving 227 votes against 215 vote s for Andrew Wylie, 71 votes for Charles H. Upton, and 41 scat tering votes, and was admitted to his seat February 1(5, 1803, serving until March 3, 1803 ; was for many years president of the Alexandria, Loudon, and Hampshire Railroad, and of the First National Bank of Alexandria; was again elected to the Forty-first Congress as a Union Conservative, receiving 15,878 votes against 11.073 votes for Whittlesey, Radical, serving from January 31, 1870, to March 3, 1871 ; was defeated as the Republican candidate for the Forty-second Congress, receiving 11,194 votes against 12,719 votes for Elliot M. Braxton, Democrat; was president of the Washington and Ohio Railroad ; was appointed by President Hayes postmaster at Alexan dria in June, 1878. McKeon, John, was born in New York; re ceived a classical education at Columbia College; studied law with John L. Mason; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at New York; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1835-1837 and 1841-1843; was elected a representa tive from New York in the Twenty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 7, 1835, to March 3, 1837 ; was defeated as the Democratic can didate for the Twenty-fifth Congress by the Native American candidate; was again elected to the Twen ty-seventh Congress, receiving 21,748 votes against 20,802 votes for Robert Smith, Whig, and serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1843"; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Twenty-eighth Congress, receiving 5,699 votes against 5,904 votes for Fish, Whig; was prosecuting-attorney at New York by appointment, and then by election; visited Europe in 1851; was appointed by President Pierce in 1853 district-attorney of the United States at New York. McKibbin, Joseph C., was born in Pennsyl vania; received an academical education; removed to California; was elected a representative from Cali fornia in the Thirty-fifth Congress as an anti-Le- compton Democrat, serving from December 7, 1857, to March 3, 1859; was defeated as the anti-Lecomp- ton Democratic candidate for the Thirty-sixth Con gress, receiving 43,474 votes against 50.998 votes for Scott, Democrat, and 301 votes for Sibfey, Repub lican. McKim, Alexander, was born at Baltimore in 1748; received an academical education; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Eleventh Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Twelfth Congress, defeating Joshua Barney, Fed eralist; was re-elected to the Thirteenth Congress, serving from May 22, 1809, to March 2, 1815. McKim, Isaac, was born at Baltimore, Mary land; received a public-school education; engaged in mercantile pursuits; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Seventeenth Congress (in place of Samuel Smith, resigned) as a Jackson Democrat, receiving 2,655 votes against 2,025 votes for William H. Winder, and 1,810 votes for John Barney; was re-elected to the Eighteenth Congress, receiving 2.651 votes against 2,634 votes for William II. Winder, and 1,812 votes for John Barney, serving from January 8, 1823, to March 3, 1825; was defeated as a candi date for the Nineteenth Congress, receiving 3.448 votes against 3,505 votes for John Barney; was again elected to the Twenty-third Congress, receiving 371 majority over William Stewart, Democrat; was re- elected to the Twenty-fourth Congress ; was re-elected to the Twenty-fifth Congress, receiving 7,144 votes against 6,871 votes for Ridgely, Whig, serving from December 2, 1833, to April 1, 1838, when he died at Gadsby s Hotel, Washington City. McKinley, John, was born in Culpepper Coun ty, Virginia; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Louisville, Kentucky; removed to Huntsville, Alabama; was a member of the State House of Representatives; was elected a United-States senator from Alabama (in place of Henry Chambers, deceased) as a Jackson Democrat, serving from December 21, 1826, to March 3, 1831 ; was elected a representative from Alabama in the Twenty-third Congress, serving from December 2, 1833. to March 3, 1835; was appointed by President Van Buren a justice of the Supreme Court April 22, 1837; died at Louisville, Kentucky, July 19, 1852. McKinley, William, was born in Virginia; w r as elected a representative from Virginia in the Eleventh Congress (in place of John G. Jackson, resigned) as a Democrat, receiving 95 majority over T. Wilson, Federalist, serving from December 21, 1810, to March 3, 1811. McKinley, -William, was born at Niles, Ohio, 516 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. February 26, 1844; enlisted in the United-States army in May, 1801, as a private soldier in the Twenty- third Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and was mustered out as captain of the same regiment and brevet major; was prosecuting-attorney of Stark County, Ohio, 1869-1871; and was elected a representative from Ohio to the Forty-fifth Congress as a Repub lican, receiving 16,489 votes against 13,185 votes for L. L. Sanborn, Democrat, and 2,441 votes for John R. Powell, Greenback candidate, serving from Oc tober 15, 1877, McKinney, John F., was born near Piqua, Ohio, April 12, 1827; was raised a fanner; received a common-school education ; attended an academy for four years, and a college one year; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1851, and has since practised his profession at Piqua; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Demo crat, receiving 10,218 votes against 9,435 votes for West, Republican, and serving from December 7, 181)3, to March 3, 1865; was defeated as the Demo cratic candidate for the Thirty-ninth Congress, re ceiving 9,578 votes against 12,242 votes for William Lawrence, Union; never was a candidate for, or held, any other public office ; and was again elected to the Forty-second Congress, receiving 11, 966 votes against 11,741 votes for W. B. McClung, Republican, and 117 votes for Calahan, Prohibitionist, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1873. McKissock, Thomas, was born in Ulster County, N^w York, in 1798; received an academical education ; w r as first a student of medicine, and then of law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at New- burg; was appointed a puisne justice of the Su preme Court July 1, 1847; was elected a representa tive from New York in the Thirty-first Congress as a Whig, receiving 5,876 votes against 4,667 votes for Woodward, Democrat, and 1,874 votes for Curtis, Van Buren Democrat, and serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1851; was defeated as the Whig candidate for the Thirty-second Congress, receiving 5,563 votes against 5,810 votes for Murray, Dem ocrat. McKnight, Robert, was born at Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, in 1820; received a classical educa tion, graduating at Princeton College in 1839 ; stud ied law ; was admitted to the bar in 1842, and com menced practice at Pittsburg, Pennsylvania; was a member of the city council of that city 1847-1849; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Republican, receiving 5,438 votes against 502 votes for Birmingham, Demo crat; and was re-elected to the Thirty-seventh Con gress, receiving 7,978 votes against 2,979 votes for Mitchell, Democrat, serving from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 1863. McLane, Lewis (father of Robert M. McLane), was born at Smyrna, Delaware. May 28, 1786: entered the United-States navy as midshipman in 1798, and cruised one year in "The Philadelphia," Commo dore Decatur; commenced the study of law with James A. Bayard in 1804; was admitted to the bar iu 18J7, and commenced practice at Smyrna; served in the war of 1812 as a private, and marched to the relief of Baltimore when that city was attacked by the British; was elected a representative from Dela- Avare in the Fifteenth Congress as a Democrat; was r^-elected to the Sixteenth, Seventeenth, Eighteenth, and Nineteenth Congresses, serving from December 1, 1817, to March 3, 1827 ; was elected a United-States senator from Delaware, serving from December 3, 1S27, to April 16, 1829, when he resigned; was ap pointed by President Jackson minister to England, serving April 18, 1829-July 6, 1831 ; was appointed by President Jackson secretary of the treasury, serving August 8, 1831-May 29, 18:53; was trans ferred by General Jackson to the State Department, where he remained until he retired from political life in June, 18:34; was president of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Company 1837-1847; was appointed by President Polk minister to England, serving June 16, 1845-August 18, 1846 ; retired in 1847 to his estate in Cecil County, Maryland; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention in 1850; died at Baltimore, Maryland, October 7, 1857. McLane, Robert Milligan (son of Lewis McLane), was born at Smyrna, Delaware, June 23, 1815 ; received a classical education at Washington College, District of Columbia, and St. Mary s Col lege, Baltimore; w r as a cadet at the Military Academy at West Point 1833-1837; served in the artillery and topographical engineers, resigning November 1, 1843; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and com menced practice at Baltimore in 1844; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1845-1847; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Thir tieth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 7,649 votes against 7,108 votes for Kennedy, Whig; was re- elected to the Thirty-first Congress, receiving 7,277 votes against 6,326 votes for John It. Kenly, Whig, serving from December 6, 1847, to March 3, 1851 ; was a presidential elector on the Pierce and King ticket in. 1852; was appointed by President Pierce commis sioner to China, serving October 18, 1853-December 12, 1854 ; resumed practice at ^Baltimore on his return; was appointed by Presidem Buchanan min ister to Mexico, serving March 7, 1859-December 22, 1860. McLean, Alney, was born in Burke County, North Carolina, Septembers, 1779; studied and prac tised law ; was a member of the State House of Rep resentatives ; served in the war of 1812 as a captain of volunteer riflemen, and distinguished himself at the battle of New Orleans; was elected a representa tive from Kentucky in the Fourteenth Congress, serving from December 4, 1815, to March 3, 1817; was again elected to the Sixteenth Congress, serving from December 6, 1819, to March 3, 1821; was a circuit-judge from 1821 until his death of bilious pneumonia. McLean, Finis E., was born in Kentucky; re sided at Elkton ; was a member of the State House of Representatives; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Thirty-first Congress as a Whig without opposition, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1851. McLean, John, was born in Morris County, New Jersey, March 11, 1785; his father moved with his family to Morgantown, Virginia, in 1789, thence to Nicholasville, Kentucky, in 1790, thence to May- slide, Kentucky, in 1793, and thence to the vicinity of Lebanon, Ohio, in 1797; he received a public-school education while at these different places; studied law under A. St. Clair at Cincinnati, supporting himself by copying in the office of the county-clerk for three years; was admitted to the bar in 1807, and com menced practice at Lebanon, Ohio; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirteenth Congress as a War Democrat by a large majority over all his competitors ; and was re-elected to the Fourteenth Congress without opposition, serving from May 24, 1813, until he resigned in the summer of 1816; was elected judge of the Ohio Supreme Court in 1817; was appointed by President Monroe commissioner of the General Land Office September 11, 1822; was appointed by President Monroe postmaster-general December 9, 1823 ; was continued in office by Presi dent J. Q. Adams; was asked to remain by President Jackson, and, on his declining, was successively tendered the War and the Navy Departments, neither of which he was willing to accept; was appointed justice of the Supreme Court of the United States March 7, 1829; and died at Cincinnati, Ohio, April 4, 1861. McLean, John, received an academic education: removed to Illinois at an early age; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Shaw- neetown ; was a member of the State House of Rep resentatives, and its presiding officer ; was elected the first representative from Illinois in the Fifteenth STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 517 Congress, serving from December 4, 1818, until March 3, 1319; was a member of the United-States Senate (in place of Ninian Edwards, resigned) from Decem ber 20, 1824, until March 3, 1825 ; was again elected to the United-States Senate for six years unanimous ly, serving from December 7, 1829, until May 31, 1830; and died at Shawneetowu, Illinois, after a short illness, October 14, 1830. McLean, Samuel, was elected a delegate from Montana Territory in the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 1,234 majority over Sanders, Republican ; was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Con gress, receiving 3,808 votes against 2,422 votes for Upson, Republican, serving from January 6, 1865, to March 3, 1867. McLean, "William (brother of John McLean), was born in Morris County, New Jersey; received a public-school education; removed to Ohio; was ap pointed receiver of public moneys at Piqua, Ohio; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Eighteenth Congress, receiving 179 majority over Crane ; was re-elected to the Nineteenth and Twen tieth Congresses, serving from December 1, 1823, to March 3, 1829; entered into business at Cincinnati under the firm of Reeves & McLean; died at Cincin nati October 12, 1839. McLean, William P., was born in Hinds County, Mississippi, August 9, 1836; removed with his parents to Texas in 1839; received his early edu cation mainly in Marshall, Texas, and graduated at the University of North Carolina (Chapel Hill) in 1857; studied law there with Judge Battle, associate judge of the Supreme Court of North Carolina; was elected to the legislature of Texas in 1801, and re signed his seat in the winter of that year to enter the Confederate army, in which he served until the close of the w r ar; was again a member of the legislature of Texas in 1869; and was elected a representative from Texas in the Forty-third Congress as a Demo crat, receiving about 12,000 majority, serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1875. McLene, Jeremiah, was born in 1767 ; received a public-school education; removed to Columbus, Ohio; was for more than twenty-one years secre tary of state of Ohio; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Twenty-third Congress as a Demo crat, defeating E. B. Olds; was re-elected to the Twenty-fourth Congress, receiving 2,540 votes against 1,529 votes for White, Whig, serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1837; he died at Washington City March 19, 1837, of influenza, probably con tracted at the inauguration. McMahon, John A., was born in Frederick County, Maryland, February 19, 1833; was educated at. St. Xavier s College, Cincinnati, graduating in 1849; began the study of law in January, 1851, at Dayton, with Hon. Clement L. Vallandigham; was admitted to the bar in June, 1854, and has practised at Dayton ever since ; was a delegate at large to the National Democratic Convention at Baltimore in 1872, and was elected a representative from Ohio in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 15,411 votes against 14,312 votes for L. B. Gunckel, Republican; and was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 18,557 votes against 18,46l"votes for Howard, Republican, serving from December 6, 1875. McManus, William, was born in Rensselaer County, New York; was elected a representative from New York in the Nineteenth Congress, serving from December 5, 1825, to March 3, 1827; died at Troy, New York. McMillan, Garrett, was elected a representa tive from Georgia in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 7,885 votes against 2,318 votes for O Noall, Republican; he died before the meeting of Congress, and the House voted three months pay to his widow. McMillan, Samuel J. R., was born at Browns ville, Pennsylvania, February 22, 1826; received a classical education, graduating at Duquesne College, Pittsburg, in 1846; studied law with Edwin M. Stan- ton; was admitted to the bar in 1849, and commenced practice at Stillwater, Minnesota, in 1852 ; was elected judge of the First Judicial Circuit in 1857: was ap pointed associate justice of the Supreme Court in 1864 (to fill a vacancy) ; was elected and re-elected, and resigned in 1874; was appointed in 1874, and after ward re-elected, chief justice of the Supreme Court, and resigned when he was elected United-States sen ator from Minnesota as a Republican (to succeed Alexander Ramsey, Republican), and took his seat March 4, 1875. His term of service will expire March 3. 1881. ^McMillan, William, was born in Virginia 1760; received a classical education; graduated at William and Mary College, Virginia; studied law; removed to Fort Washington (now Cincinnati) in 1787 ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice ; was elected magistrate in 1790, and soon after wards judge; was-initiated into Freemasonry in Nova Cesarea Lodge, No. 10, at Cincinnati, Apri l 8, 1795; was elected to the Territorial legislature in 1799; was elected delegate from the North-west Territory to the Sixth Congress (in the place of William Henry Harrison, resigned), and served from November 24, 1800, to March 3, 1801 ; declined a re-election; was appointed United-States district-attorney for Ohio, but soon afterwards resigned his office and his prac tice, and retired to his farm near Cincinnati, where he received a fatal injury while ploughing, and died in June, 1804. McMullen, Payette, was born in Virginia; received an academic education ; was elected a repre sentative from Virginia in the Thirty-first Congress as a Democrat, receiving 4,421 votes against 2,155 votes for George, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-second and Thirty-third Congresses, receiving no opposition; was re-elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress, receiving 7,383 votes against 3,982 votes for Trigg, American, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1857; was appointed by President Buchanan governor of Washington Territory, serving 1857-1861 ; was elected a representative in the Second Confed erate Congress from Virginia, serving from February 22, 1864, to the overthrow of the Confederacy. McNair, John, was born in Pennsylvania in 1800; resided at Norristown ; was elected a represen tative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-second Con gress as a Democrat, receiving 5,925 votes against 5,199 votes for Freedley, Whig; was re-elected to the Thirty-third Congress, receiving 7,168 votes against 6,336 votes for Hittner, Whig, serving from Decem ber 1, 1851, to March 3, 1855; died at Evansport, Vir ginia, August 7, 1801. McNeely, Thompson W., was born at Jack sonville October 5, 1835; graduated at the Lombard University, Galesburg, in 1856; studied law, and came to the bar in 1857 ; graduated at the Law L T ni- versity of Louisville, Kentucky, in 1859; was a mem ber of the Constitutional Convention of Illinois in 1862: was elected a representative from Illinois in the Forty-first Congress as a Democrat, receiving 17,877 votes against 15,279 votes for Ross, Republi can; and was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress, receiving 12,691 votes against 10,297 votes for B. F. Westlake, Republican, serving from March 4, 1869, to March 3, 1873. McNeill, Archibald, was born in Cumberland County, North Carolina: was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1808 and 1809, and of the State Senate in 1811 and 1815; was elected a representative from North Carolina in the Seven teenth Congress, serving from December 3, 1821, to March 3, 1823 ; was again elected to the Nineteenth Congress, receiving 345 majority over John Cul- pepper, serving from December 5, 18 25, to March 3, 1827. McNulta, John, was born at New-York City November 9, 1837; received an academical educa- 518 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. tion; visited the West-India islands and Europe; removed to Attica, Indiana, in 1853, and learned the trade of cigar-making; removed to Bloomington, Illinois, in 1859, and entered into the cigar-making business, devoting his leisure to the study of law; entered the Union army as private in the Ninety- fourth Illinois Infantry in April, 1801, and was suc cessively promoted until he became its colonel, receiving the brevet of brigadier-general when mustered out at the close of the war; was ad mitted to the bar in October, 1865, and commenced practice at Bloomington; was a member of the State Senate 18(59-1873; was elected a representative from Illinois in the Forty-third Congress as a Republican, receiving 13,490 votes against 10,850 votes for C. H. Moore, Democrat; was defeated as the Republican candidate to the Forty-fourth Congress, receiving 9,903 votes against 11 135 votes for A. E. Stevenson, Independent Reformer. McPherson, Edward, was born at Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, July 31, 1830; received a classical education, graduating at Pennsylvania College in 1848; edited a newspaper at Harrisburg, but ill health forced him to turn his attention to agricultural pur suits; was elected a representative from Pennsyl vania in the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Republican, receiving 9,348 votes against 9,081 votes for Reilly, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-seventh Con gress, receiving 11,945 votes against 11,372 votes for Schell, Democrat, serving from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 18G3; was defeated as the Republican can didate for the Thirty-eighth Congress, receiving 10,426 votes against 10,963 votes for Coffroth, Demo crat; was appointed deputy-commissioner of internal revenue in 1863; was elected clerk of the House of Representatives in the Thirty-eighth, Thirty-ninth, Fortieth, Forty-first, and Forty-second Congresses, serving from December 7, 1863, to March 3, 1873; was appointed by President Hayes chief of the treas ury bureau of engraving and printing. He pub lished "The Political History of the United States of America during the Great Rebellion " and a series of "Political Manuals," besides numerous essays, orations, and pamphlets. McQueen, John, was born in Robinson County, North Carolina, in 1808; received a good education; studied law at home and in South Carolina; was admitted to the bar in 1828, and practised at Beii- nettsville, South Carolina; held several militia com missions during the nullification excitement of 1833- 1837 ; was elected a representative from South Caro lina in the Thirtieth Congress (in place of Alexander D. Sims, deceased) as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-first Congress, receiving no opposition; was re-elected to the Thirty-second Congress, receiv ing no opposition; was re-elected to the Thirty-third Congress, receiving no opposition; was re-elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress, receiving 5,155 votes against 2,488 votes for Wilson ; was rc-clccted to the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving no opposition; was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving no opposition, serving from February 12, 1849, to De cember 21, 1860, when he retired from the House; was a representative from South Carolina in the First Confederate Congress, serving from February 22, 1862, to February 21, 1864; died at Society Hill, South Carolina, August 30, 1867. McRae, John J., was born in Wayne County, Mississippi; received an academical education ; stud ied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice ; was elected for several successive years a member of the State House of Representatives, and of the State Senate ; was appointed a United-States senator from Mississippi (in place of Jefferson Davis, resigned) as a State-rights Democrat, serving from December 19, 1851, to March 17, 1852, when his suc cessor took his seat; was elected a representative from Mississippi in the Thirty-fifth Congress (in place of John A. Quitman, deceased) as a State- rights Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving 6,668 votes against no opposition, serving from December 7, 1858, to January 12, 1861, when he retired from the House ; was a representa tive from Mississippi in the First Confederate Con gress, serving from February 22, 1862, to February 21.1864; died at Balize, British Honduras, May 30, 1868. McRoberts, Samuel, was born in Illinois ; re ceived a classical education, graduating at Transyl vania University; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Danville; was United-States attorney for the Illinois District ; was a member of the State Senate ; was elected a United- States senator from Illinois as a Democrat, serving from May 31, 1841, to March 27, 1843; he contracted a cold in crossing the mountains en his return from a session of Congress, and died at Cincinnati March 27, 1843. McRuer, Donald C., was born in Maine in 1826; received an academical education; removed to California; was harbor commissioner at San Fran cisco; was elected a representative from California in the Thirty-ninth Congress as a Republican, receiv ing 20,677 votes against 14,821 votes for James B. Crockett, Democrat, and serving from December 4, 1865. to March 3, 1867. McSherry, James, was born in Adams County, Pennsylvania; was for twenty successive years a member of the State House of Representatives; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Seventeenth Congress as a Federalist, serving from Decembers, 1821, to March 3, 1823; died at Littlestown, Pennsylvania, February 3, 1849. McVean, Charles, was born at Johnstown, New York, in 1802 ; received an academical educa tion; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Canajoharie, New York; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-third Congress as a Jackson Democrat, serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1835; removed to the city of New York; was appointed surrogate January 24, 1844; was United-States attorney for the Southern District of New York; died at New York December 20, 1848. Mc^Willie, William, was born in Kershaw District, South Carolina, November 17, 1795; served in the war of 1812 as adjutant of the regiment of volunteers commanded by his father; graduated at South-Carolina College in 1817; studied law with Chapman Levy; was admitted to the bar in 1818, and commenced practice at Camden, South Carolina, continuing until October 1, 1836, when he was elected president of the Bank of Camden ; was a member of the State Senate 1836-1840; removed to Missis sippi in September, 1845; was elected a representa tive from Mississippi in the Thirty-first Congress as a Democrat, receiving 7,406 votes against 6,829 votes for Gray, Whig, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1851 ; was defeated as the Democratic can didate for the Thirty-second Congress, receiving 7,241 votes against 7,774 votes for Freeman, Union; was governor of the State of Mississippi 1858-1860; was an active supporter of the Confederacy; died at Kirkwood, Mississippi, March 3, 1869. Mace, Daniel, was born in Pickaway County, Ohio, September 5, 1811; received a public-school education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Lafayette, Indiana; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1836; was clerk of the State House of Representa tives in 1837; was United-States attorney for the dis trict of Indiana 1849-1853; was elected a representa tive from Indiana in the Thirty-second Congress as a Democrat, receiving 7,552 votes against 7,294 votes for Brier, Whig; was re-elected to the Thirty-third Con gress, receiving 8,740 votes against 7,337 votes for Gregory, Whig; was re-elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress as a Republican, receiving 10,357 votes against 7,838 votes for Davis, Democrat, serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1857; was appointed STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 519 by President Lincoln postmaster at Lafayette, Indi ana ; died by suicide at Lafayette, Indiana, July 26, ISM. Machen, "Willis B., was born in Caldwell County, Kentucky, April 10, 1810 ; received a public- school education; engaged in agricultural pursuits; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Conven tion in 1849; was a member of the State Senate in 1854; was a member of the Stats House of Repre sentatives in 1856 and 1860; was a representative from Kentucky in the First Congress of the Con federate States, and was re-elected to the Second Congress, serving from February 22, 1862, to April, 1834; was appointed a United-States senator from Kentucky (in place of Garrett Davis, deceased) as a Democrat, serving from December 2, 1872, to March 3, 1873. Macair, James, was born in Virginia; was elected a representative from that State in the Fifth Congress, serving from May 15, 1797, to March 3, 1799; died Juno 25, 1827. Mackey, Edmund W. M., was born at Charleston, South Carolina, March 8, 1846; received a classical education, but was prevented by the war from entering college; studied law, and was ad mitted to the bar November 22, 1868; was appointed assistant assessor of internal revenue in the Second District of South Carolina September 8, 1865; was elected a delegate to the State Constitutional Con vention; was elected sheriff of Charleston County June 2 and 3, 1868, for the term of four years; was elected an alderman of the city of Charleston in November, 1868, and re-elected in October, 1873; was appointed by the governor, January 24, 1872, colonel of the Fifteenth Regiment National Guards of South Carolina; was a delegate to the National Republican Convention at Philadelphia June, 1872 ; was a delegate to every Republican State Convention held in South Carolina since the organization of the party in that State ; was elected, in November, 1873, a member of the State House of Representatives; was editor and proprietor of " The Charleston Re publican" during 1871-1872; and was elected a rep resentative from South Carolina in the Forty-fourth Congress as an Independent Republican, receiving 16,742 votes against 14,204 votes for Charles W. Buttz, Republican, serving from December 6, 1875, to July 19, 187 J, when his seat was declared vacant by the House. Mackay, L. A., was born in White-Deer Town ship, Pennsylvania, November 25, 1819; when ten years of age he removed with his parents to Milton, Pennsylvania ; received an academic education under Rev. David Kirkpatrick, and graduated from Union College, Schenectady, in 1837, with the highest honors of a class of one hundred and eight, of which lie was the youngest member ; studied law with Ex- Governor James Pollock, and then at the law-school of Dickinson College at Carlisle, where he was ad mitted to the bar in 1840; commenced practice at Lock Haven, Pennsylvania, in 1841, and continued it with success until 1855, when, upon the organiza tion of the Lock-Haven Bank, he was elected its first president ; was a delegate to the Whig National Con vention at Baltimore which nominated General Scott in 1852; was the Democratic candidate for Congress in 1868, but was defeated by W. II. Arm strong ; was the first mayor of Lock Haven on its organization as a city in 1870; was a delegate to the National Democratic Convention at Baltimore in 1872 ; was president of the Bald-Eagle-Valley Railroad Company, and of several other corporations; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 12,140 votes against 8,667 votes for Cyrus J. Alexander, Independent Democrat and Republican; and was re- elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 16,229 votes against 11,193 v:>tes for J. S. Lincoln, Repub lican, serving from December 6, 1875. Maclanahan, James X., was born at Antrim, Pennsylvania, in 1809; received a classical education, graduating at Dickinson College in 1826 ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Chambersburg; was a member of the State Senate in 1841 ; was elected a representative from Pennsyl vania in the Thirty-first Congress as a Democrat, receiving 8,182 votes against 8,015 votes for J. E. Brady, Whig; was re-elected to the Thirty-second Congress, receiving 7,276 votes against 6,705 votes for Bard, Whig, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1853; died at Chambersburg in 1864. Maclay, Samuel, was born in Pennsylvania; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Fourth Congress, serving from December 7, 1795, to March 3, 1797; was elected a United-States senator from Pennsylvania, serving from October 17, 1803, to 1808, when he resigned. Maclay, William, was born in Pennsylvania ; was elected a United-States senator from Pennsyl vania as a Democrat, serving from March 4, 1789, to March 3, 1791 ; was a presidential elector on the Jef ferson ticket ; died in April, 1804. Maclay, William, was born August 4, 1766; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and com menced practice ; was associate judge; was county- commissioner; was a member of the State House of Representatives; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Fourteenth Congress; was re- elected to the Fifteenth Congress, serving from De cember 4, 1815, to March 3, 1819; died January 4, 1825. Maclay, William Brown, was born at New York in 1815; received a classical education, gradu ating at the University of New York, where he was afterwards professor of Latin; studied law; was ad mitted to the bar, and commenced practice at New York; was associate editor of " The New-York Quar terly Review " in 1836; was defeated as a candidate for the State House of Representatives in 1838, but was elected in 1839, 1841, and 18-12; was elected a rep resentative from New York in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 5,549 votes against 4,777 votes for Williams, Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-ninth Congress, receiving 6,783 votes against 6,428 votes for Lawrence, American ; was re-elected to the Thirtieth Congress, receiving 4,749 votes against 4,057 votes for Williams, Whig, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1849 ; was again elect ed to the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving 5,803 votes against 3,274 votes for Andrews, Republican, and 3,793 votes for Northrup, American; was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving 5,783 votes against 4,982 votes for Hamilton, Republican, and 821 votes for Dean, American, serving from Decem ber 7, 1857, to March 3, 1861. Maclay, William P., was born in Northumber land County, Pennsylvania; received a public-school education ; was a member of the State House of Rep resentatives ; was elected a representative from Penn sylvania in the Fourteenth Congress (in place of Thomas Burnside, resigned) as a Democrat; was re- elected to the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Congresses, serving from December 3, 1816, to March 3, 1821. Macon, Nathaniel, was born in Warren Coun ty, North Carolina, in 1757 ; received a classical edu cation, and was at Princeton College, but left before graduating, when the exercises were suspended at the commencement of the Revolutionary war; was tendered a lieutenant s commission in a company ommanded by his brother, but declined it, and served as a private ; was a member of the State Sen ate of North Carolina in 1780, 1781, 1782, 1784, and 1785; was elected a representative in the Second Congress as a Democrat, and was successively re- elected eleven times, generally without opposition, ending with the Thirteenth Congress; was elected United-States senator in 1815, and re-elected until he declined in 1828, serving froiu October 24, 1791, until March 3, 1815, thirty-seven years continuous ser vice ; was speaker of the House of Representatives 520 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. from 1801 until 1806, and president pro tempore of the Senate in 1825, 1820, and 1827; received the twenty-four electoral votes of Virginia for Vice-Pres ident in 1824; was president of the Constitutional Convention of North Carolina in 1835; was chosen a presidential elector on the Van Buren and Johnson ticket in 1837; was, through his political career of iifty-seven years, a " strict, severe, and stringent" Democrat; and died suddenly at his farm in Warren County, North Carolina. June 29, 1837. Macy, John B., received a public-school educa tion; removed to Wisconsin, and resided at Fond du Lac; was elected a representative from Wisconsin in the Thirty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 14,597 votes against 9,513 votes for Shafter, Whig, and 2,168 votes for McKee, Free-Soiler, serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855 ; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Thirty-fourth Con gress, receiving 8,596 votes against 13,359 votes for Charles Billinghurst, Republican; was lost by the burning of the steamer " Niagara " on Lake Michigan September 24, 1856. Madison, James, was born at Port Conway, on the Rappahaimock River, in Virginia, March 16, 1751 ; received a classical education, graduating at Prince ton College in 1771 ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar; was a member of the Virginia House of Representatives in 1776 ; was a member of the Ex ecutive Council of Virginia in 1778; was a delegate from Virginia to the Continental Congress 1780-1783 and 1786-1788; was a delegate to the Convention which framed the Federal Constitution in 1787; was elected a representative from Virginia in the First Congress as a Democrat, and re-elected to the Second, Third, and Fourth Congresses, serving from March 4, 1789, to March 3, 1797; was secretary of state of the United-States 1801-1809; was President of the United-States March 4, 1809-March 3, 1817; retired to his farm at Montpelier, Virginia, where he died June 28, 1836. His works have been published by Congress in six volumes. His " Reports of the De bates in the Convention of 1787" was published under the editorial direction of H. D. Gilpin. A " Life of Madison " by John Quincy Adams was pub lished hi 1850, and a "Life and Times of Madison" was published by William C. Rives in 1859-1868. Magee, John, was born in New York ; received a public-school education ; resided at Bath; was elected a representative from New York in the Twentieth Congress as a Jackson Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty-first Congress, serving from December 3, 1827, to March 3, 1831 ; died at Watkins, New York, April 5, 1868. Magee, John A., was born at Landisburg, Pennsylvania, October 14, 1827; learned the art of printing; worked in the city of Washington as a journeyman in 1853; was for twenty years the editor and proprietor of "The Perry-County Democrat;" was a member of the legislature of Pennsylvania in 1863, a delegate to the National Democratic Conven tion at New York in 1868, and was elected a repre sentative from Pennsylvania in the Forty-third Con gress as a Democrat, receiving 15,358 votes against 13,532 votes for W. A. Sponsler, Republican, serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1875. Maginnis, Martin, was born in Wayne Coun ty, New York, October 27, 1840; removed with his parents to Minnesota at an early age; received an academic education, and was a student of Hamline University, but left to take charge of a Democratic newspaper; enlisted as a private in the First Minne sota Volunteer Infantry on the 18th of April, 1861 ; was made second lieutenant after the first battle of Bull Run, promoted to first lieutenant in Septem ber, 1862, and to captain in July, 1803; served in the line of his regiment in all the campaigns and nearly all the battles of the Army of the Potomac until September, 1864, when he was appointed major of the Eleventh Minnesota Volunteers, and ordered to join the Army of the Cumberland, where he served, under command of General Thomas, until mustered out with his regiment in July, 1865 ; he removed to Montana the next year; engaged in mining, and subsequently in publishing and editing "The Helena Daily Gazette," in which he was occupied when elected a delegate from Montana in the Forty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 4,515 votes against 4,196 votes for W. H. Clagett, republican; was re- elected to the Forty-fourth Congress, receiving 4,584 votes against 3,925 votes for Hodges, Republican; and was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, re ceiving 3,827 votes against 2,980 votes for E. D. Leavitt, Republican, serving from December 1, 1873. Magoon, Henry S., was born at Monticello, Wisconsin, January 31, 1832; was educated at the Rock-river Seminary at Mount Morris, Illinois, and at the Western Military College at Drennon, Ken tucky, graduating from the last-named institution with the highest honors cf his class June 23, 1853; attended the Montrose Law School at Frankfort, Kentucky; was appointed in 1855 professor of ancient languages in the Nashville University, Tennessee, where lie remained until 1857, when, resigning, he returned to Wisconsin, and began the practice of law; was elected district-attorney in 1858; was a member of the State Senate of Wisconsin in 1871 and 1872; he was the first native of Wisconsin elected either to the State Senate or to Congress ; and he was elected a representative from Wisconsin in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Republican, receiving 11,535 votes against 10,343 votes for Charles F. Thompson, Demo crat, serving from December 6, 1875, to March 3, 1877. Magruder, Allan B., was born in Kentucky; received an academical education; studied law at Lexington ; was admitted to the bar, and practised ; removed to Louisiana; was a member of the State House of Representatives; was elected a United- States senator from Louisiana as a Democrat, serv ing from November 18, 1812, to March 3, 1813 ; died at Opelousas, Louisiana, April 16, 1822. He pub lished "Reflections on the Cession of Louisiana" and "A Character of Mr. Jefferson;" and, at the time of his death, he had collected materials for a " History of the North-American Indians." Magruder, Patrick, was born in Montgomery County, Maryland, in 1768; received a classical edu cation, graduating at Princton College; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised ; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Ninth Con gress, serving from December 2, 1805, to March 3, 1807 ; was clerk of the United-States House of Repre sentatives, and ex-officio librarian of Congress, 1807- 1815; died at Petersburg, Virginia, December 24, 1819. Maish, Levi, was born in Conewago Town ship, Pennsylvania, November 22, 1837; was educated at common schools, and subsequently at the York- county Academy, working on a farm when not at his studies; was apprenticed in 1854 to a machinist, and remained with him two years ; recruited a company for the Union army in 1862, and with it joined the One Hundred and Thirtieth Pennsylvania Infantry, of which he was soon promoted to be lieutenant- colonel ; he was wounded at the battle of Antietam : was promoted colonel after the battle of Fredericks- burg, and was again wounded while leading his regi ment at the battle of Chancellorsville; after having been mustered out with his regiment at the expira tion of its term of service, he attended lectures in the law-department of the University of Pennsylva nia, and was admitted to the bar in 1864; he was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1867 and 1868; was appointed by the legislature in 1872 one of the commission to re-examine and re- audit the accounts of certain public officers of York County ; was elected a representative from Pennsyl vania in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 14,534 votes against 7.252 votes for Hiram S. McNair, Republican, and 2,988 votes for W. McCon- key, Independent Republican ; and was re-elected to STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 521 the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 18,932 votes against 13,898 votes for C. H. Bressler, Kepublican, serving from December 6, 1875. Malboae, Francis, was born in Rhode Island ; was elected a representative from Rhode Island in the Third Congress as a Federalist; was re-elected to the Fourth Congress, serving from December 2, 1793, to March 3, 1797 ; was elected a United-States senator from Rhode Island as a Federalist, serving from May 22, 1899, to June 4, 1809, when he died at Washington City. Mallary, Rollin C., was born at New Haven, Connecticut, in 1784; received a classical education, graduating at Middlebury College in 1805; resided at Poultney, Vermont; was elected a representative from Vermont in the Sixteenth Congress (having success fully contested the election of Orasmus C. Merrill); was re-elected to the Seventeenth, Eighteenth (re ceiving 3,132 majority), Nineteenth, Twentieth, and Twenty-first Congresses, serving from January 14, 1820, to March 3, 1831 ; died at Baltimore, Maryland, April 16, 1831. Mallory, Francis, was born in Virginia; re ceived a public-school education ; resided at Hamp ton ; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-sixth and Twenty-seventh Congresses without opposition, serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1843 ; was appointed navy agent at Nor folk November 1, 1850; died at Norfolk, Virginia, March 20, I860. Mallory, Meredith, was born in Connecticut ; received a public-school education; removed to Ham- ruondsport, New York ; held several local offices; was elected a representative f rom New York in the Twenty- sixth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 5,438 votes against 5,182 votes for Thomas A. Johnson, Whig, serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1841. Mailory, Robert, was born in Madison County, Virginia, November 15, 1815; received a classical education, graduating at the University of Virginia in 1827 ; removed to the vicinity of La Grange, Ken tucky, and devoted himself to agricultural pursuits; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Union Democrat, receiv ing 0,41(5 votes against 5,075 votes for Bell, American ; was re-elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress, receiv ing 11,035 votes against 2,802 votes for Bruce, Seces sion ; was re-elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, receiving 0,257 votes against 2,477 votes for Wolfe, Democrat, serving from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 1805 ; was defeated as the Conservative candidate for the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiving 4,704 votes against 5,751 votes for Lovell H. Rousseau, Union, and 173 votes for Munday, Conservative ; was a dele gate to the National Union Convention at Phila delphia in 1800 ; was a vice-president of the Centen nial Exhibition in 1875-1870. Mallory, Rufus, was born at Coventry, New York, January 10, 1S31 ; received an academic edu cation; removed in 1855 to Iowa, and in 1858 to Oregon; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1800, and practised at Salem; was district-attorney of the First Judicial District in 1800, and of the Third Judicial District from 1802 until 1800; was a member of the State legislature of Oregon in 1802 ; and was elected a representative from Oregon in the Fortieth Congress as a Union Republican by a majority of 600 over Fay, Democrat, serving from March 4, 1807, to March 3, 18(59. Mallory, Stephen R., was born at Trinidad in 1810 on the vessel of his father, a sea-captain from Bridgeport, Connecticut; his father died at Key West in 1821, and his mother opened a hotel there; he was educated in Connecticut and New York; studied law at Key West; was admitted to the bar there in 1833, and practised ; was appointed by Presi dent Jackson inspector of customs at Key West ; was made county and probate judge for Monroe County; was appointed by President Polk collector at Key West in 1845; was elected a United-States senator from Florida as a Democrat, serving from December 1, 1851, to January 21, 1801, when he retired from the Senate on the secession of Florida; was appoint ed by President Davis secretary of the navy of the Confederate States ; was arrested after the surrender at Appomattox, and imprisoned in Fort Lafayette on a charge of treason, but was soon released ; resumed practice at Pensacola; died at Pensacola of gout November 9, 1873. Mangum, Willie Person, was born in Orange County, North Carolina, in 1792; received a classical education, graduating at the University of North Carolina in 1815; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1817, and commenced practice at Red Moun tain ; was a member of the State House of Represen tatives in 1818; was elected a judge of the Superior Court; was elected a representative from North Carolina in the Eighteenth Congress as a Whig, re ceiving 2,523 votes against 1,729 votes for Barringer; was re-elected to the Nineteenth Congress, receiving 50 majority over Crudup, serving from December 1, 1823, to March 18, 1820, when he resigned; was again elected a judge of the Superior Court ; was elected a United-States senator from North Carolina as a Whig, serving from December 5, 1831, to 1830, when he resigned; declined being a candidate for the House of Representatives July 0, 1837; was again elected a senator (in place of Bedford Brown, re signed), serving from December 9, 1840, to March 3, 1853; he retired to his rural home; the loss of his only son, who was mortally wounded in the Confed erate ranks at the first battle of Bull Run, caused a mental depression, and he died at Red Mountain, North Carolina, September 14, 1861. Mann, Abijah, jun., was born at Fail-field, Her- kimer County, New York, September 24, 1793; re ceived a public-school education; taught school; engaged in mercantile pursuits ; was justice of the peace, and postmaster; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1827-1830; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-third Congress as a Jackson Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty-fourth Congress, serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1837; was again elected to the State House of Representatives in 1837 ; removed to New- York City; died at Auburn, New York, Septem ber 0, 1808. Mann, Horace, was born at Franklin, Massa chusetts, May 4, 1790; received a classical education, graduating at Brown University in 1819, and remain ing there two years as tutor of Greek and Latin; studied law at Litchfield, Connecticut; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Dedham, Mas sachusetts, in 1820 ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1828, 1829, 1830, and 1831 ; was a commissioner for revising the Statutes of Massachu setts in 1835 ; removed to Boston in 1836 ; was a State senator in 1830-1838, and president of the Senate; was secretary of the Massachusetts Board of Educa tion 1837-1848, publishing twelve successive annual reports, which gave him a high position among teach ers; was elected a representative from Massachu setts (to fill the vacancy in the Thirtieth Congress occasioned by the death of John Quincy Adams) as a Whig, receiving 4,254 votes against 1,839 votes for Whittaker, Democrat, and 1,005 scattering votes; was re-elected to the Thirty-first Congress as a Free- Soiler, receiving 6,902 votes against 4,374 votes for S. H. Walley, Whig, 2,302 votes for E. K. Whittaker, Democrat, and 50 scattering; was re-elected to the Thirty-second Congress as a Free-Soiler, receiving 0,079 of the 13,310 votes cast, serving from April 13, 1848, until March 3, 1853; was defeated as the Free- soil candidate for governor in 1852, receiving 35,880 votes against 61,222 votes for Clifford, Whig, and 3^,020 votes for Bishop, Democrat; was elected presi dent of Antioch College, Ohio, in 1853, and occupied the position until he died at Yellow Springs, Ohio, August 2, 1859. 522 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Mann, James, was born at Gorham, Maine, in 1822 ; was a member of the State Senate ; was treas urer of Cumberland County; was an officer in the Custom House at Portland; entered the Union army as captain of volunteer infantry, and became pay master; was stationed at New Orleans; was appoint ed by President Lincoln treasury agent for Louisiana; took an active part in 1867 in re-organizing the Demo cratic party in Louisiana; was elected a representa tive from Louisiana in the Fortieth Congress, serving from July 18, 1808, to his death at New Orleans Au gust 20, 18G8. Mann, Job, was born in Bethel Township, Penn sylvania, March 31, 1795; received a public-school education; was appointed clerk to the county com missioners in 1816 ; was register, recorder, and clerk of the courts of Bedford County 1818-1835; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 7, 1835, to March 3, 1837 ; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Twenty-fifth Con gress, receiving 4,156 votes against 5,105 votes for Charles Ogle, Whig; Avas admitted to the bar in 1839; was State treasurer 1842-1848; was again elected to the Thirtieth Congress; was re-elected to the Thirty- first Congress, receiving 9,143 votes against 6.330 votes for Livergood, Whig, serving from December 6, 1847, to March 3, 1851. Mann, Joel K., was born in Pennsylvania in 1780 ; received a public-school education ; resided at Jen- kintown; was elected a representative from Penn sylvania in the Twenty-second Congress as a Jackson Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty-third Con gress, serving from December 5, 1831, to March 3, 1835; died in Montgomery County, Pennsylvania, September 5, 1857. Mann, "W. D., was elected a representative from Louisiana in the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Re publican; a majority of the Committee on Elections reported that he was entitled to a seat, but such was the opposition that no vote was taken on the resolu tion, although on the last day of the session he was voted 2,000 for compensation, mileage, and ex penses. Manning, James, was born at Elizabethtown, New Jersey, October 22, 1738; received a classical education, graduating at Princeton College in 1762; studied theology, and became famous as a Baptist preacher; removed to Warren, Rhode Island, in 1704, to take charge of the college established there by the Baptists, which in 1770 was removed to Providence, and was named Brown University in 1804; was a delegate from Rhode Island to the Continental Con gress in 1780; resigned the presidency of Brown University in 1791, and the pastorate of the First Baptist Church in Providence (which he had held since 1770) in April, 1791; died at Providence, Rhode Island, July 29, 1791. The "Life of James Man ning" was published by R. A. Guild in 1804. Manning, John, jun., was born at Edenton, North Carolina, July 3, 1830; received a classical education, graduating at the University of North Carolina; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1853, and commenced practice at Pittsborough, North Carolina; was a delegate to the Constitutional Con vention of 1861; was elected a representative from North Carolina in the Forty-first Congress (in place of John T. Deweese, resigned) as a Democrat, re ceiving a majority of 323 votes over Holden, Repub lican, and serving from December 7, 1870, to March 3, 1871. Manning, Richard Irvine, was born in Sum- ter District, South Carolina, May 1, 1789; received a classical education, graduating at the State Col lege at Columbia in 1811; served in the war of 1812 as captain of a volunteer company raised for the defence of Charleston; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1822; was governor of South Carolina 1824-1826; was defeated as the Union candidate for Congress ; was a member of the State Senate ; was elected a representative from South Car olina in the Twenty-third Congress (in. place of James Blair, deceased) as a Union Democrat; and was re-elected to the Twenty-fourth Congress, serv ing from December 8, 1834, to May 1, 1830, when he died at Philadelphia, where he had gone for medi cal advice. Manning, Van H., was born in Martin County, North Carolina, July 26, 1839; removed to Miss;s- sippi in 1841; received a classical education at Horn- Lake Male Academy, Do Soto County, Mississippi, and at the University of Nashville ; removed to Ar kansas in 1860; studied law, and was admitted to the bar; served in the Confederate army as captain and subsequently as colonel of the Third Arkansas Infantry and Second Arkansas Battalion in General Lee s army; was captured in the second battle of the Wilderness, and remained a prisoner until the close of the war; was elected a representative from Missis sippi in the Forty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, re ceiving 20,329 votes against 12,598 votes for Thomas Walton, Republican. Manson, Mahlon D., was born atPiqua, Ohio, February 20, 1820; received a common-school educa tion; studied the profession of druggist, and settled at Crawfordsville, Indiana; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1851-1852; was captain in the Fifth Indiana Volunteers during the Mexican war; enlisted as a private on the breaking out of the Rebellion, and became colonel of the Tenth Indiana Infantry, which he commanded at the battle of Rich Mountain in July, 1861; com manded the Second Brigade, First Division, Army of the Ohio, at the battle of Mill Springs, Kentucky, in January, 1862 ; was appointed brigadier-general of volunteers in March, 1862, and was engaged in skir mishes in front of Corinth, Mississippi; commanded the United-States forces at the battle of Richmond, Kentucky, August, 1862; was wounded and taken prisoner, and exchanged in December, 1862; com manded in a skirmish with Pegram in March, 1863, and during the Morgan raid in Indiana and Ohio in July, 1863 ; was with Burnside in East Tennessee ; was assigned, in September, 1863, to the command of the Twenty-third Army Corps ; was in the siege of Knox- ville, Tennessee, and various battles in that State; was severely wounded at the battle of Resaca, and was forced to resign by reason of disabilities result ing from wounds contracted in the service ; was can didate for lieutenant-governor on the Democratic ticket in 1864, and for secretary of state ; and was elected a representative from Indiana in the Forty- second Congress as a Democrat, receiving 15,539 votes against 15,146 votes for L. Wallace, Repub lican, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1873; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Forty-third Congress, receiving 17,730 votes against 17,929 votes for Thomas J. Cason, Republican. Marable, John H., was born in Brunswick County, Virginia; received an academical educa tion ; removed to Tennessee, and settled at Yellow Creek ; was elected a representative from Tennessee in the Nineteenth Congress, defeating Reynolds; was re-elected to the Twentieth Congress, serving from December 5, 1825, to March 3, 1829; was de feated as a candidate for the T\venty-first Congress by Cave Johnson. Marchand, Albert G., was born at Greens- burg, Pennsylvania; received a public-school educa tion ; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-sixth Congress as a Democrat, receiv ing 5,801 votes against 3,786 votes for Joseph Markle, Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-seventh Con gress, receiving 2,208 majority, serving from Decem ber 2, 1839, to March 3, 1843; died at Greensburg, Pennsylvania, February 5, 1848. Marchand, David, was born in Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania; received a public-school edu cation; was elected a representative from Pennsyl vania in the Fifteenth Congress; was re-elected to STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 523 tlie Sixteenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1817, to March 3, 1821. Marchant, Henry, was born at Martha s Vine yard, Massachusetts, April 9, 1741; received a clas sical education, graduating at Philadelphia Cohegc in 1702; studied law under Judge Trowbridge at Cambridge ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Newport, Rhode Island; was attorney- general of Rhode Island 1770-1777; took an active part in pre-Revolutionary movements; was a delegate from Rhode Island to the Continental Congress, serv ing 1777-1780 and 1783-1784; was a member of the State Convention to adopt the Federal Constitution; was judge of the United-States Court for the dis trict of Rhode Island 1790-1790; died at Newport, Rhode Island, August 30, 1796. Marcy, Daniel, was born in New Hampshire November 7, 1809; received a public-school educa tion; went to sea before the mast when twelve years of age, and became master of a ship when he was twenty; was a member of the New-Hampshire House of Representatives 1853-1854; was a member of the State Senate 1856-1857; engaged in mercantile pur suits and ship-building; was elected a representative from New Hampshire in the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 12,059 votes "against 11,979 votes for Eastman, Republican, serving from Decem ber 7, 1863, to March 3, 1805 ; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiving 10,190 votes against 12,900 votes for Gilman Marst jn, Republican; was a member of the State Senate and House of Representatives ; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for governor in 1770 and 1777. Marcy, William Learned, was born at Stur- brid e, Massachusetts, December 12, 1780; received a classical education, graduating at Brown Univer- .sity iu 1808; taught school at Newport, Rhode Is land ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar in 1810, and commenced practice at Troy, New York; com manded a volunteer company in the war of 1812, and distinguished himself at the battle of St. Regis; was recorder of Troy in 1816; edited "The Troy Bud get;" was adjutant-general of New York in 1821; was state comptroller in 1823; was associate justice of the State Supreme Court in 1829; was elected a United-States senator from New York as a Jackson Democrat, serving from December 5, 1831, to July, 1832, when he resigned ; was governor of the State of New York 1833-1839 ; was a commissioner on Mexi can claims 1830-1842; was secretary of war under President Polk March 5, 1845-March 3, 1849; was secretary of state under President Pierce March 7, 18 j.3-March 4, 1857 ; died at Ballston Spa, New York, July 4, 1857. Mardis, Samuel W., was born in Alabama in 1801 ; received an academical education; was elected a representative from Alabama in the Twenty-second Congress as a Democrat, receiving 889 majority over J. W. Garth, Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty- third Congress, defeating Baylor, Nulliiier, serving from December 5, 1831, to March 3, 1835; died at Taliadega, Alabama, December 2, 1836. Mr.rion, Robert, was born in South Carolina; received an academical education; was elected a rep resentative from South Carolina in the Ninth Con gress; was re-elected to the Tenth and Eleventh Congresses, serving from December 2, 1805, to De cember 4, 1811, when he resigned. Markell, Henry, was born in Montgomery County, New York ; received a public-school educa tion ; Vv-as elected a representative from New York in the Nineteenth Congress as an Adams Democrat ; was re-elected to the Twentieth Congress, serving from December 5, 1825, to March 3, 1829; died at Palatine, New York. Markell, Jacob, was born in Schenectady Coun ty, New York, May 8, 1770; received a public-school education ; located at Manheim, New York, and devoted his life to agricultural pursuits; was for twenty years a supervisor, and for many years a county-judge; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirteenth Congress as a Federalist, serving from May 24, 1813, to March 2, 1815; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1820; died at Manheim, New York, November 26, 1852. Markley, Philip S., was born in Montgomery County, Pennsylvania; received an academical edu cation; resided at Norristown ; was elected a repre sentative from Pennsylvania in the Eighteenth Con gress as a Democrat ; was re-elected to the Nineteenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1823, to March 3, 1827 ; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Twentieth Congress by John B. Sterigere; was appointed by President Jackson naval officer for the port of Philadelphia. Marks, William, was born in 1780, and taken when a child to Beaver, Pennsylvania, by his father, who was a pioneer; received scanty education; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1810-1819, and of the State Senate 1820-18^7, serving the last six years as presiding officer; was elected to the United-States Senate as a Democrat, and served from December 3, 1827, until March 3, 1833; was a warm personal friend of Colonel Benton (they were about the same age, died on the same day, and with in a few hours of each other) ; he died at Beaver, Pennsylvania, April 10, 1858. Marquette, Turner M., was born in Ohio; re ceived a classical education; studied law; was ad mitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Platts- niouth, Nebraska, in 1856; was elected for several successive years a member of the Territorial House of Representatives; was elected a representative from Nebraska in the Thirty-ninth Congress as a Re publican, receiving 4,280 votes against 4,072 votes for J. M. Brooke, Democrat, and took his seat after the admission of the State, serving from March 2, 1867, to March 3, 1867, one day. Marr, Alan, was born in Pennsylvania ; received a classical education, graduating at Princeton Col lege in 1807 ; resided at Danville ; was elected a rep resentative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-first Congress as a Jackson Democrat, serving from De cember 7, 1829, to March 3, 1831. Marr, George W. L., received a public-school education; was elected a representative from Ten nessee in the Fifteenth Congress, serving from De cember 1, 1817, to March 3, 1819. Marsh, Benjamin P., resided at Warsaw, Illi nois; was elected a representative from Illinois in the Forty-fifth Congress as a Republican, receiving 14,252 votes against 13,496 votes for John H. Hun- gate, Democrat, serving from October 15, 1877. Marsh, Charles, was born at Lebanon, Connect icut, July 10, 1765, but removed with his fathers family to Vermont before the Revolution; received a classical education, graduating at Dartmouth College in 1780 ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Woodstock, Vermont; was elected a representative from Vermont in the Four teenth Congress as a Federalist, receiving 17,719 votes against 1(5,969 votes for James Fisk, Democrat, serving from December 4, 1815, to March 3, 1817; was one of the founders of the American Coloniza tion Society; died at Woodstock, Vermont, January 11, 1849. Marsh, George Perkins, was born at Wood stock, Vermont, March 15, 1801; received a classical education, graduating at Dartmouth College in 1820 ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Burlington, Vermont ; was a member of the State legislature and Executive Council in 1835; was elected a representative from Vermont in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Whig, receiving 6,254 votes against 4,595 votes for Smith, Democrat, 718 votes for French, Abolitionist, and 133 votes scatter ing; was re-elected to the Twenty-ninth Congress, receiving 910 majority; was re-elected to the Thir- 524 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. ticth Congress, receiving 5,644 votes against 3,207 votes for Hubbeli, Democrat, and 1,614 Abolition and scattering, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1849; was re-elected to the Thirty-first Con gress, receiving 6,372 votes against 4,232 votes for Peck, Van Buren Democrat, and 1,176 votes for Keyes, Cass Democrat ; resigned in 1849, having never taken his seat ; was appointed minister resident to Turkey 1842-1853, and the last year was charged with a special mission to Greece; was fish commis sioner of Vermont in 1857; was railroad commis sioner of Vermont 1857-1859; was appointed in 1861 minister resident to Italy, and has since held the position. Has published " The Goths in New Eng land," " Lectures on the English Language," "Man and Nature," and numerous essays and magazine articles. Marshall, Alexander K., was born in Ken tucky: resided at Nicholasville ; was elected a repre sentative from Kentucky in the Thirty-fourth Con gress as an American, receiving 7,039 votes against 5,536 votes for Harrison, Democrat, serving from December 3, 1855. to March 3, 1857. Marshall, Alfred, resided at China, Maine ; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1827, 1S28, 1834, and 1833 ; was elected a representa tive from Maine in the Twenty-seventh Congress as a Van Buren Democrat, receiving 2,100 majority over Sanford A. Kingsbury, Whig, serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1843; was collector of the port of Belfast 1846-1849. Marshall, Edward C., was born in Kentucky; removed to California, and settled at Sonora; was elected a representative from California in the Thir ty-second Congress, receiving 23,624 votes against 20,407 votes for Kewen, Whig, serving from Decem ber 1, 1851, to March 3, 1853. Marshall, Humphrey, was born in Virginia in 1780; received a public-school education; removed t:> Kentucky; was a delegate to the State Constitu tional Convention; was for several years a member of the State House of Representatives ; was elected a United-States senator from Kentucky as a Federalist, serving from December 7, 1795, to March 3, 1801; died at Lexington, Kentucky, July 1, 1841. He pub lished a "History of Kentucky" 1812, which was enlarged and reprinted in 1824. Marshall, Humphrey, was born at Frankfort, Kentucky, January 13, 1812; received a military edu cation at West Point, graduating in 1828; was com missioned as lieutenant in the Mounted Rangers, and subsequently in the First Dragoons, but resigned April 30, 1833; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Louisville, Ken tucky; was an active officer of the State militia; served in the Mexican war; was a colonel of the First Kentucky Cavalry, distinguishing himself at Buena Vista; returned home, and engaged in agri cultural pursuits; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Thirty-first Congress as a Whig, re ceiving 6,261 votes against 6,197 votes for Lane, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-second Con gress, receiving 6,333 votes against 6,216 votes for Mcriwether, Democrat, serving from December 3, 1849, to August 4, 1852, when he resigned, having been appointed minister to China, where he remained until January 27, 1854; was again elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress as a National American, receiving 6,932 votes against 4,378 votes for Preston, Democrat ; and was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Con gress, receiving 6,055 votes against 4,979 votes for Holt, Democrat, serving from "December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1859; was a brigadier-general in the Con federate service; died at Louisville, Kentucky, 1871. Marshall, John (uncle of John Marshall), was born at Germantown, Virginia, September 24, 1755 ; served in the Revolutionary war as lieutenant and captain; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1781, and commenced practice at Richmond; was a delegate to the State Convention which ratified the Federal Constitution; was a member of the State House of Representatives; was minister to France June 5, 1797-April 3, 1798; was elected a representa tive from Virginia in the Sixth Congress, serving from December 2, 1799, to 1800, when he resigned ; was appointed by President Adams secretary of state May 13, 1800; was appointed chief justice of the United States January 31, 1801, and served until his death at Philadelphia July 6, 1835. He published "The Life of Washington" 1805, "History of the Colonies Planted by the English in North America" 1824. His legal decisions on the Virginia and North- Carolina circuits were published in 1837. Marshall, Samuel S., was born in Gallatin County, Illinois, in 1824; studied and practised law; was a member of the legislature of the State of Illi nois in 1847; was State s attorney in 1847 and 1848; was a judge of the Circuit Court from 1851 to 1854, and again from 1861 to 1864; was a delegate for the State at large to the Charleston and Baltimore Con ventions of 1860, the Chicago Convention of 1864, and the National Union Convention at Philadelphia in 1866; received the vote of the Democratic party for United-States senator in Illinois in 1861, and for speaker of the Fortieth Congress in 1807 ; was elected a representative from Illinois in the Thirty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 8,498 votes against 2,911 votes for Turriey, Republican; was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving 15,908 votes against 3,419 votes for Wiley, Republican, serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1859; was again elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiving 16,703 votes against 10,696 votes for E. Callahan, Republican ; was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, receiving 16,668 votes against 14,378 votes for Kitchell, Republican; was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress, receiving 20,475 votes against 16,642 votes for Martin, Repub lican ; was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress, receiving 15,571 votes against 14,444 votes for W. H. Robinson, Republican; was re-elected to the Forty- third Congress, receiving 13,297 votes against 11,282 votes for G. B. Raum, Republican; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Forty-fourth Con gress, receiving 7,556 votes against 8,293 votes for W. B. Anderson, Independent Reformer, and 5,482 votes for G. B. Raum, Republican. Marshall, Thomas Alexander (son of Hum phrey Marshall), was born near Versailles, Kentucky, January 15, 1794; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1815; studied law: was admitted to the bar in 1816; commenced practice at Frankfort, and removed in 1819 to Paris, Kentucky; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Twenty-second Congress as a Whig; was re- elected to the Twenty-third Congress, receiving 381 majority, serving from December 5, 1831, to March 3, 1835; was defeated as the Whig candidate for the Thirty-fourth Congress by Richard French, Demo crat; was nominated and confirmed as judge of the Court of Appeals in April, 1835, and held the posi tion until 1856, acting a part of the time as chief jus tice; was a professor in the Transylvania Law School 1836-1849; removed to Chicago in 1856, and practised there for nearly a year, when he returned to Ken tucky ; was a member of the State House of Repre sentatives in 1863 ; was chief justice of the Court of Appeals 1866-1867; resided at Versailles; became a drunkard, dependent upon charity for his food; and died suddenly at Louisville, Kentucky, April 17, 1871. His speeches were edited and published by W. L. Barre 1858. Marshall, Thomas Francis (nephew of John Marshall), was bom at Frankfort, Kentucky, June 7, 1801; received a classical education, completing his studies in Virginia, but lost his health ; commenced the study of law, when twenty-five years of age, with John J. Crittenden ; was admitted to the bar in 1828, and commenced practice at Versailles ; attended the debates of the Virginia Convention in 1829; was a member of the State legislature in 1832-1836; re- STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 525 moved to Louisville in 1833 ; was defeated as an In dependent candidate for the Twenty-fifth Congress by W. J. Graves, Whig, by over 2,000 majority ; re turned to Versailles in 1837; was elected to the State legislature, but refused a seat, as being ineligible for want of a year s residence; was a member of the State legislature in 1838 and 1839, refusing to be a candidate in 1840; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Twenty-seventh Congress as a Whig without opposition; declined a re-election, but ran in 1845 as an Independent Whig, and was defeated by Garrett Davis, Whig, by 710 votes ; served in the war against Mexico as captain in Colonel Humphrey Mar shall s regiment of Kentucky volunteer cavalry 1846, 1847; was defeated as a candidate for the Ken tucky Constitutional Convention; was again elected to the State legislature in 1854; removed to Chicago in 1856 ; and died near Versailles, Kentucky, Septem ber 22, 1864. Marston, Oilman, was born at Oxford, New Hampshire, August 20, 1811; received a classical education, graduating at Dartmouth College in 1837; studied law at the Dane Law School; was admitted to the bar in 1841, and commenced prac tice at Exeter; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1845-1849; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention in 1850 ; was elected a representative from New Hampshire in the Thirty- sixth Congress as a Republican, receiving 12,839 votes against 12,082 votes for Marcy, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress, receiving 13,055 votes against 11,642 votes for Marcy, Demo crat, serving from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 1S03; servecf in the Union army as colonel of the Second New-Hampshire, and as brigadier-general after November 29, 1862, distinguishing himself in numerous engagements, in one of which he was severely wounded ; was again elected to the Thirty- ninth Congress, receiving 12,906 votes against 10,190 votes for Marcy, Democrat, serving from December 4, 1865, to March 3, 1867; was appointed governor of Idaho in 1870, but declined; was defeated as the Republican candidate for the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 13,881 votes against 13,924 votes for Frank Jones, Democrat. Martin, Alexander, was born in New Jersey in 1740; received a classical education, graduating at Princeton College in 1756 ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in North Caro lina in 1772; was a member of the Colonial Assembly; served in the Revolutionary war as colonel of a North- Carolina regiment of the line, and was in the battles of Brandy wine and German town ; was a member of the State Senate 1779-1782, 1785-1787, and 1788; was governor of North Carolina 1782-1785 and 1789-1792; was a delegate to the convention to adopt the Federal Constitution; was elected a United-States senator from North Carolina, serving from December 2, 1793, to March 3, 1799; died at Danbury, North Carolina, November, 1807. Martin, Barclay, was born in South Carolina; received an academical education ; removed to Ten nessee, and settled at Columbia; was elected a rep resentative from Tennessee in the Twenty-ninth Congress, serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1847. Martin, Benjamin F., was born in Marion County, Virginia. October 2, 1828; lived and worked upon a farm until he was twenty-one years of age ; was educated at Alleghany College, Meadville, Penn sylvania, where he graduated in June, 1854; taught school at Fairmoiint, Marion County, for eighteen months ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in March, 1856, removing in the following November to Pruntytown, where he has since resided ; was a member of the Constitutional Convention of West Virginia in 1872 ; was a delegate to the National Democratic Convention at Baltimore in 1872, and voted against the nomination of Mr. Grecley, but yielded him active and earnest support in the campaign ; was elected a representative from West Virginia in the Forty-fifth Congress as a Demo crat, receiving 18,156 votes against 14,283 votes for Ward H. Lamon, Republican, serving from October 15. 1877. Martin, Charles D., was born in Ohio; received a public-school education ; was elected a representa tive from Ohio in the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 9,723 votes against 9,446 votes for Van Voorhces, Republican, serving from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 1801 ; was defeated as the Demo cratic candidate for the Thirty-seventh Congress, receiving 11,275 votes against 11,965 votes for V. B. Horton, Republican. Martin, Elbert S., was bom in Virginia; re ceived a public-school education; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Thirty-sixth Congress as an Independent Democrat, receiving 6,382 votes against 5,579 votes for Floyd, Democrat, serving from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 1861. Martin, Frederick S., was born in Rutland County, Vermont, April 25, 1794; received a public- school education; was a sailor on Lake Champlain, and afterwards on the seas; settled at Olean, New York, as a trader and hotel-keeper ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1850 ; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-second Congress as a Whig, receiving 7,210 votes against 6,549 votes for Waite, Democrat, serv ing from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1853. Martin, James S., was born in Scott County, Virginia, August 19, 1820 ; received a common-school education ; removed to Salem, Illinois, with his par ents, in 1846; served as a non-commissioned officer in the war with Mexico; was elected clerk of the Marion-county Court in 1849, and held the position for twelve years ; studied and practised law; was a member of the Republican State Central Committee for a number of years ; entered the Union army as colonel in 1862, and was brevetted brigadier-general ; was elected county-judge of Marion County at the close of the war; was appointed pension-agent in 18G8, but resigned the same on being elected a repre sentative from Illinois in the Forty-third Congress as a Republican, receiving 12,266 votes against 12,016 votes for S. L. Bryant, Democrat and Liberal, serv ing from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1875. Martin, John P., was born in Lee County, Vir ginia, October 11, 1811; received an academical edu cation ; removed to Kentucky in 1828, and settled at Prestonburg ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1841 and 1842 ; was elected a rep resentative from Kentucky in the Twenty-ninth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 4,074 votes against 3,658 votes for Adams, Whig, and 3,240 votes for McKee, Whig, serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1847 ; was a member of the State Senate of Kentucky in 1857. Martin, Joshua L., received an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in North Alabama; was judge of the Circuit Court ; was elected a representa tive from Alabama in the Twenty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, and was re-elected to the Twenty- fifth Congress as a Democrat, serving from Septem ber 4, 1837, to March 3, 1841 ; was chancellor of Mid dle Alabama; was governor of Alabama 1845-1847, during which time the seat of the State Government was transferred to Montgomery ; and died at Tusca- loosa November 2, 1856. Martin, Luther, was born at New Brunswick, New Jersey, in 1744; received a classical education, graduating at Princeton College in 1766; taught school for several years at Queenstown, Maryland; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1771, and commenced practice in Accomack and adjacent coun ties of Virginia; was a member of the Annapolis Convention; was a delegate from Maryland to the Continental Congress 1784-1785; was appointed at torney-general of Maryland February 11, 1778; Avas a 626 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. defender of Judge Chase when impeached in 1804, and of Aaron Burr when tried for treason in 1807; was appointed chief justice of the Court of Oyer and Terminer in 1814; was again appointed attorney- general of Maryland in 1818; died at Xew York July 10, 1820. He published a "Defence of Captain Crc- sup from the Charge of Murder, made in Jefferson s Notes on Virginia, " and several political pam phlets. Martin, Morgan L., was horn in New York; removed to Green Bay, Wisconsin Territory; was elected a delegate from Wisconsin Territory in the Twenty-ninth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 959 majority over Collins, Whig, serving from De cember 1, 1845, to March 3, 1847. Martin, Robert N., was born in Dorchester County, Maryland; received a public-school educa tion ; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Nineteenth Congress, receiving 234 majority over John S. Spence, serving from December 5, 1825, to March 3, 1827. Martin, William D., was born at Martintown, South Carolina, October 20, 1789; received an aca demical education; studied law; attended a course of lectures at the Litchfield Law School ; was admit ted to the bar in November, 1811, and commenced practice at Edgefield Court House, removing in 1813 to Coosawhatchie ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1810, 1817, and 1818; was clerk of the State Senate 1818-1826; was elected a repre sentative from South Carolina in the Twentieth Congress as a State-rights Democrat, receiving 307 majority over Andrew R. Govan; was re-elected to the Twenty-first Congress without opposition, serv ing from December 3, 1827, to March 3, 1831; was elected a judge of the Circuit Court of Law ; removed to Columbia; and died suddenly at night in Jones s Hotel, Charleston, South Carolina, November 17, 1333. Martindale, Henry C., was born in Berkshire County, Massachusetts, May 6, 1780; received a clas sical education, graduating at Williams College in 1800;. removed to New York, and settled at Sandy Hill ; was elected a representative from New York in the Eighteenth Congress as a Whig ; was re-elected to the Nineteenth, Twentieth, and Twenty-first Con gresses, serving from December 1, 1823, to March 3, 1831; was again elected to the Twenty-third Con gress, serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1835; died at Sandy Hill, New York, April 22, 1860. Marvin, Dudley, was born at Lyme, Connect icut, May 0, 1786; received an academic education at the Colchester Seminary; removed to Canandai- gua, New York, where he studied law with John Gregg; was admitted to the bar in 1807, and com menced practice; was elected a representative from New York in the Eighteenth Congress as an Adams Democrat; was re-elected to the Nineteenth Con gress, and again to the Twentieth Congress, serving from December 1, 1823, to March 3, 1829; removed to the city of New York in 1835, and again to Eipley in 1845; was again elected a representative in the Thirtieth Congress as a Whig, serving from December 0, 1847, to March 3, 1849; resumed practice, and died at Kipley June 25, 185(5. Marvin, James M., was born at Ballston, New York, February 27, 1809; received a public-school education ; was reared on a f arm ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1846 ; was a county-supervisor for three terms; became the pro prietor of a large hotel at Saratoga Springs; was elected a representative from New York in the Thir ty-eighth Congress as a Republican, receiving 13,096 votes against 12,582 votes for Blood, Democrat ; was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiving 14,453 votes against 13,572 votes for Alonzo C. Paige, Democrat; was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, receiving 15,496 voies against 12,342 votes forHorton, Democrat, serving from December 7, 1863, to March 3, 1869. Marvin, Richard Pratt, was born in New York; received a public-school education; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and practised at James town; was a member of the State House cf Repre sentatives in 1836; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-sixth Congress, receiv ing 7,053 votes against 5,198 votes for Charles H. S. Williams, Democrat, serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1841; was elected a judge of the State Supreme Court for eight years June 7, 1847 ; was re- elected November 6, 1855 ; and was again re-elected November 3, 1863. Mason, Armistead Thomson, was born in London County, Virginia, in 1785; received a classi cal education, graduating at William and Mary Col lege; engaged in agricultural pursuits; served in the war of 1812 as a colonel cf Virginia volunteers; was elected a United-States senator from Virginia (in place of W T illiam B. Giles, resigned), serving from January 22, 1810, to March 3, 1817; was defeated as a candidate for the Fifteenth Congress by Charles F. Mercer, and contested the seat without success; challenged his brother-in-law, John M. McCarty, and they fought near Washington City with muskets; he received a ball through his breast on the first fire, and died February 6, 1819. Mason, George, was born at Doeg s Neck, Fair fax County, Virginia, in 1726; received an academical education; took a leading part in pre-Revolutionary measures; was a delegate from Virginia to the Continental Congress in 1777; was a member of the State Convention which ratified the Federal Consti tution in 1787; was elected United-States senator from Virginia, but declined, and devoted the rest of his life to study and to hunting and fishing; died at Gunston Hall October 7, 1792. Mason, James B., was born in Rhode Island in 1774; received a classical education; studied med icine; was admitted to practice, and practised at Charleston, South Carolina; after remaining there three years, he returned to Rhode Island, and entered into business at Providence with his father-in-law, John Brown ; was for several years a member of the State House of Representatives, and, during the latter part of the time, its speaker; was elected a represen tative from Rhode Island in the Fourteenth Congress as a Federalist; was re-elected to the Fifteenth Con gress, serving from December 4, 1815, to March 3, 1819; died at Providence, Rhode Island, September 6, 1819. Mason, James M., was born on Analostan Island, Virginia (near Washington), November 3, 1798; received a classical education, graduating at the University of Pennsylvania in 1818; studied law at William and Mary College; was admitted to the bar in 1820, and commenced practice at Winchester; Avas a member of the State House of Representatives 1826-1832; was a presidential elector on the Jackson ticket in 1833; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Jackson Democrat, serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1839; was elected a United-States senator from Virginia (in place of Isaac S. Pennybacker, deceased), serving from January 25, 1847, to March 3, 1801 ; was a delegate from Virginia to the Provisional Congress of the Confederate States; was appointed by Presi dent Davis commissioner from the Confederate States to Great Britain ; was captured on the voyage there, brought to Boston, imprisoned in Fort Warren, and released; when he returned home he found that his residence at Winchester had been burned, and he lo cated near Alexandria, where he died April 28, 1871. Mason, Jeremiah, was born at Lebanon, Con necticut, April 27, 1768; received a classical educa tion, graduating at Yule College in 1788; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1791 ; commenced practice at Westmoreland ; removed to Walpole in 1794, and to Portsmouth in 1797; was appointed attorney-gen eral of New Hampshire in 1802; was a member of STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 527 the State House of Representatives several sessions ; was elected a United-States senator from New Hamp shire (in place of Charles Cutts, appointed pro tern- pore), serving from June 21, 1813, to 1817, when he resigned ; was again a member of the State House of Representatives; removed to Boston in 1832, and practised there until he became seventy years of age ; died at Boston October 14, 1848. Mason, John C., was born in Kentucky; resided at Owensville ; was elected a representative from Ken tucky in the Thirty-first Congress as a Jackson Dem ocrat, receiving 0,882 votes against 6,104 votes for John B. Houston, Whig; was re-elected to the Thir ty-second Congress, receiving 0,495 votes against 2,251 votes for Montgomery, Whig, serving from De cember 3, 1849, to March 3, 1853; was again elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving 8,148 votes against 7,534 votes for Cox, American, serving from December 7, 1857, to March 3, 1859 ; declined being a candidate for re-election. Mason, John Thomson, was born at Mont- pelier, Maryland, May 9, 1815; received a classical education, graduating at Princeton College in 1830 ; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1838, and commenced practice at Hagerstown, Maryland ; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1838-1839; was elected a representative from Mary land in the Twenty-seventh Congress as a Democrat, serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1843; was a judge of the Court of Appeals 1851-1857, when he resigned ; was appointed by President Buchanan col lector of customs at Baltimore, serving 1857-1801; removed to Annapolis, and died there March 28, 1873. Mason, John IT., was born at Greensville, Vir ginia, April 18, 1799; received a classical education, graduating at the University of North Carolina in 1810; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Hicksford ; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1819-1829; was a judge of the United-States Court for the Eastern Dis trict of Virginia; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Twenty-second Congress as a Demo crat ; was re-elected to the Twenty-third and Twenty- fourth Congresses, serving from December 5, 1831. to January 11, 1837, when he resigned; was elected by the legislature judge of the General Court (to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of J. F. May) ; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Conven tions of 1828 and 1849; was appointed by President Tyler secretary of the navy March 14, 1844-March 3, 1845; was appointed by President Polk attorney-gen eral March 5, 1845, and transferred to the Navy De partment, serving September 9, 1840-March 3, 1849; was appointed by President Pierce minister to Eng land January 22, 1854, and held the position until he died, very suddenly, at Paris, October 3, 1859. Mason, Jonathan, was born at Boston August 30, 1752; received a classical education, graduating at Princeton College in 1774; studied law under John Adams; was admitted to the bar in 1777, and com menced practice at Boston ; was one of the witnesses of the Boston massacre, and delivered the annual oration thereon March 5, 1780; was a member of the State House of Representatives; was a member of the Executive Council in 1798; was elected a United- States senator from Massachusetts (in place of Ben jamin Goodhue, resigned), serving from December 19, 1800, to March 3, 1803 ; was elected a representa tive from Massachusetts in the Fifteenth Congress as a Federalist; was re-elected to the Sixteenth Con gress, serving from December 1, 1817, to May 15, 1820, when he resigned; died at Boston November 1; 1831. Mason, Moses, was born in Oxford County, Massachusetts (afterwards Maine), in 1791; was a county commissioner 1831-1834; was elected a repre sentative from Maine in the Twenty-third Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty-fourth Congress, receiving 637 majority, serving from De cember 2, 1833, to March 3, 1837; was a member of the State Executive Council; died at Bethel June 25, 1800. Mason, Samson, was born in Ohio; received a public-school education; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Twenty-fourth Congress as a Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-fifth, Twenty-sixth, and Twenty-seventh Congresses, serving from December 7, 1835, to March 3, 1843. Mason, Stevens Thomson, was born at Chapawansic, Virginia, in 1700; received a classical education, graduating at William and Mary College; served in the Revolutionary war, attaining the rank of brigadier-general ; was a member of the State House of Representatives ; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention in 1788; Avas elected a United-States senator from Virginia, serving from December 7, 1795, to March 3, 1803; died at Philadel phia May 10, 1803. Mason, William, was horn in Connecticut; re moved to Preston, New York ; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1821-1822; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 7, 1835, to March 3, 1837. Masters, Josiah, Avas born at Woodbury, Con necticut, October 22, 1763; received a classical edu cation, graduating at Yale College in 1784; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice at Schaghticoke, New York ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1792, 1800, and 1801 ; was associate judge of Rensselaer County 1801- 1805; was elected a representative from New York in the Ninth Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Tenth Congress, serving from December 2. 1805, to March 3, 1809; was first judge of the Court of Common Pleas of Rensselaer County from 1808 until his death at Schaghticoke June 30, 1832. Mathews, James, was born in Ohio; received a public-school education ; resided at Coshocton ; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Twenty- seventh Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty-eighth Congress, receiving 4,427 votes against 3,524 votes for Douglass, Whig, serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1845. Mathews, Vincent, was born in Orange Coun ty, New York, June 29, 1706 ; received an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1790, and commenced practice at Elmira, New York ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1793, and a State senator in 1790 ; was a commis sioner to adjust bounty-land claims in 1798; was elected a representative from New York in the Eleventh Congress as a Federalist, serving from May 22, 1809, to March 3, 1811 ; was State district-attorney 1812-1815; removed from Elmira to Bath, and from Bath to Rochester, continuing his practice ; was again a member of the State House of Representatives in 182(5 ; died at Rochester, New York, August 23, 1840. Mathewson, Elisha, was born in Rhode Island in 1707; received an academical education; was for several years a member of the State House of Repre sentatives, serving one year as speaker; was elected a United-States senator from Rhode Island as a Dem ocrat (in place of James Fenner, resigned), serving from November 20, 1807, to March 3, 1811 ; died at Scituate, Rhode Island, October 14, 1853. Mathiot, Joshua, was born in Ohio; received a public-school education; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Twenty-seventh Congress as a Whig, serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1843; died at Newark, Ohio, July 30, 1849. Matlack, James, was born in Gloucester Coun ty, New Jersey ; received a public-school education ; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Seventeenth Congress; was re-elected to the Eigh teenth Congress, serving from December 3, 1821, to March 3, 1825 ; died at Woodbury, New Jersey, January 15, 1840. Matlack, Timothy, was born at Haddenfield, New Jersey, in 1730; received an academical educa- CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. tion ; took an active part in pre-Revolutionary move ments as one of the "Fighting Quakers ; " commanded a battalion of Pennsylvania volunteers in the Revolu tionary army, which did good service ; was a delegate from Pennsylvania to the Continental Congress 1780- 1781 : was for many years master of the rolls, resid ing at Lancaster; removed to Philadelphia, where he was prothonotary of one of the courts; died near Holmesburg, Pennsylvania, in the full possession of his faculties, April 15, 1829. Matson, Aaron, was born at Plymouth, Massa chusetts, in 1770; removed to Cheshire County, New Hampshire; was judge of probate; was a member of the Executive Council 1819-1821 ; was elected a rep resentative from New Hampshire in the Seventeenth Congress; was re-elected to the Eighteenth Con- cress, serving from December 3, 1821, to March 3, i~825: died at Newport, Vermont, July 18, 1855. Matteson, Orsamus B., was born in New York: resided at Utica; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-first Congress as a Whig, receiving 0,094 votes against 5,069 votes for Mann, Democrat, and 3,214 votes for Williams, Cass Democrat, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1851 ; was defeated as the Whig candidate for the Thirty-second Congress, receiving 7,711 votes against 7,828 votes for Timothy Jenkins, Democrat; was again elected to the Thirty-third Congress, re ceiving 8,530 votes against 6,600 votes for Moulton, Democrat, and 1,542 votes for Spencer, Whig ; was re-elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress, receiving 6,492 votes against 5,172 votes for Johnson, Demo crat, and 4,759 votes for Huntington, Whig, serving from December 5, 1853, to February 27, 1857, when he resigned; was again elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving 10,618 votes against 8,275 votes for Johnson, Democrat, serving from December 7, 1857. to March 3, 1859. Matthews, George, was born in Augusta County, Virginia, in 1739; distinguished himself in the Indian and tho Revolutionary wars ; removed in 1785 to Oglethorpe County, Georgia, where he en gaged in agricultural pursuits; was governor of Georgia 1780, 1793-1796; was elected a representative from Georgia in the First Congress, serving from June 17, 1789, to March 3, 1791 ; served as brigadier-general in the expedition which captured West Florida in 1811 ; died at Augusta, Georgia, August 30, 1812. Matthews, John, was born at Charleston, South Carolina, in 1744; studied law, and was ad mitted to the bar; was an associate judge of the State Supreme Court in 1776; was a delegate from South Carolina to the Continental Congress 1778- 1782 ; was appointed on a committee of Congress to visit the mutinied troops; was governor of South Carolina 1782-1783; was appointed a judge of the Court of Equity 1784; died at Charleston, South Carolina, November 17, 1802. Matthews, Stanley, was born at Cincinnati, Ohio, July 21, 1824; received an academic education at Woodward High School, and graduated at Kenyon College in 1840; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Cincinnati ; was elected judge of the Court of Common Pleas of Hamilton County in 1851, and resigned January 1, 1853; was elected to the State Senate in 1853; was appointed United- States attorney for the Southern District of Ohio in 1858, and resigned in March, 1861 ; was commissioned lieutenant-colonel of the Twenty-third Ohio Volun teer Infantry in June, 1861, and colonel of the Fifty- first Ohio Volunteer Infantry in November, 1861 ; was elected judge of the Superior Court of Cincin nati in April, 1863, and resigned in July, 1864; was a presidential elector on the Lincoln and Johnson ticket in 1864, and the Grant and Colfax ticket in 1868; was the Republican candidate for Congress in October, 187(5, in the Second District of Ohio, against H. B. Banning, who was returned elected by 75 votes; and was elected to the United-States Senate as a Republican March 20, 1877 (to fill the vacancy occasioned by the resignation of John Sherman), serving from October 15, 1877. His term of service will expire March 3, 1879. Matthews, William, was born in Maryland; was elected a representative from that State in the Fifth Congress, serving from May 15, 1797, to March 3, 1799. Mattocks, John, was born at Hartford, Con necticut, June 16, 1776; received an academic edu cation; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Peacham, Vermont; served for a number of years in the State militia, attaining the rank of brigadier-general; was judge of the Supreme Court of Vermont for two years; was a representative from Vermont in the Seventeenth Congress, serving from December 3, 1821, until March 3, 1823 ; was defeated as the Whig candidate to the Eighteenth Congress ; was again elected to the Nineteenth Congress, serving from December 5, 1825, to March 3, 1827; was again elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress as a Whig, receiving 5,187 votes against 4,924 votes for Isaac Fletcher, Demo crat, and 84 scattering, and serving from May 1, 1841, until March 3, 1843; declined a re-election to Congress; was elected governor of Vermont, and served 1843-1844, but declined a re-election ; died at Peacham, Vermont, August 14, 1847. Mattoon, Ebenezer, was born at Amherst, Massachusetts, August 19, 1755 ; received a classical education, graduating at Dartmouth College in 1776; was a presidential elector in 1797; was elected a rep resentative from Massachusetts in the Sixth Congress (in place of Samuel Lyman, resigned) ; was re-elected to the Seventh Congress, serving from February 2, 1801, to March 3, 1803; served in the war of 1812 as major of volunteers ; was high sheriff of Hampshire County; was State adjutant-general; died at Am herst, Massachusetts, September 11, 1843. Maurice, James, was born in New York; re-, ceived a public-school education; resided at Mas- peth ; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiv ing 7,801 votes against 6,136 votes for King, Whig, and 585 votes for Ralph, Democrat, serving from De cember 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855. Maury, Abraham P., received an academical education; resided at Franklin, Tennessee: was a member of the State House of Representatives; was elected a representative from Tennessee in the Twenty-fourth Congress as a Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-fifth Congress, receiving 2,864 votes against 2162 votes for John William Crocket, Demo crat, serving from December 7, 1835, to March 3, 1839; died at Franklin, Tennessee, July 22, 1848. Maxey, Sam Bell, was born in Monroe County, Kentucky, March 30, 1825; received his primary education there; entered the West-Point Military Academy in 1842, and graduated in 1846; joined the Seventh Infantry, United-States army, at Monterey, Mexico, as brevet second lieutenant; was brevetted first lieutenant for gallant services at Contreras and Churubusco; served through the Mexican war; resigned in 1849; returned to Ken tucky; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1850; removed to Texas in 1857, and practised law; was elected State senator for four years in 1861, but declined, and raised the Ninth Texas Infantry for the Confederate-States army, of which he was colonel; was promoted brigadier-general in 1862, and major-general in 1864; commanded the Indian-Ter ritory military district 1863-1865, and was also super intendent of Indian affairs; remained in the service untiL the surrender of the trans-Mississippi Depart ment May 26, 1865; resumed the practice of law; was commissioned as judge of the Eighth District of Texas April 18, 1873, but declined ; was elected United-States senator from Texas as a Democrat (to succeed James W. Flanagan, Republican), and took his seat March 5, 1875. His term of service will expire March 3, 1881. STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 529 Maxwell, Augustus E., was born at Elberton, Georgia, September 21, 182U; received a classical education, graduating at the University of Virginia in 1841; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Tallahassee, Florida; was a member of the State House of Eepresentatives in 1847; was secretary of state of Florida in 1848; was a State senator in 1849; was elected a representative from Florida in the Thirty-third Congress as a Demo crat, receiving 4,627 votes against 4,587 votes for Cabel, Whig; was re-elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress, serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1857; was appointed by President Buchanan navy agent at Pensacola, Florida, serving 1857-1801 ; was a Confederate-States senator from February 22, 1862, to the overthrow of the Confederacy; was elected president of the Pensacola and Montgomery Rail road 1866. Maxwell, George C., was born in New Jersey; received a classical education, graduating at Prince ton College in 1792; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Twelfth Congress as a Whig, serving from November 4, 1811, to March 3, 1813. Maxwell, J. P. B., was born in New Jersey in 1805; received a classical education, graduating at Princeton College in 1823; studied law; was ad mitted to the bar in 1827, and commenced practice at Belvidere ; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Whig on a general ticket, serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1839; was defeated as the Whig candidate for the Twenty-sixth Congress, although the governor gave him and his colleagues certificates of election, bearing the "broad seal of the State," which the House refused to recognize ; was again elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress, serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1843; died at Belvidere, New Jersey, November 14, 1845. Maxwell, Lewis, was born in Virginia; re sided at Weston ; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Twentieth Congress as a Whig, re ceiving 1,759 votes against 1,646 votes for Joseph Lovell; was re-elected to the Twenty-first Congress, receiving 1,578 votes against 1,571 votes for Joseph Lovell, and 799 votes for W. Smith; was re-elected to the Twenty-second Congress, receiving 222 majority over Daniel Smith, serving from December 3, 1827, to March 2, 1833. Maxwell, Thomas, resided at Elmira; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-first Congress as a Jackson Democrat, serv ing from December 7, 1829, to March 3, 1831. May, Henry, was born in the District of Colum bia; received an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice; was sent by President Pierce to Mexico to investi gate the " Gardiner claim; " was elected a representa tive from Maryland in the Thirty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 6,792 votes against 6,440 votes for Walsh, Independent, serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855 ; was defeated as the Demo cratic candidate for the Thirty-fourth Congress, re ceiving 7,493 votes against 7,988 votes for H. Winter Davis, Know-Nothing ; was again elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress, receiving 8,424 votes against G,214 votes for Davis. Republican, serving from July 4, 1861, to March 3, 1863; died at Baltimore, Mary land, September 25, 1863. May, William L., was bom in Kentucky; re ceived a public-school education ; removed to Illinois, and settled at Springfield; was elected a representa tive from Illinois in the Twenty-third Congress (in place of Joseph Duncan, resigned) as a Jackson Democrat ; was re-elected to the Twenty-fourth Con gress, receiving 600 majority over G. W. P. Maxwell, Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty-fifth Con gress, receiving 1,500 majority over John F. Stuart, Whig, serving from December 1, 1834, to March 3, 1839. Mayall, Samuel, was born in Maine: received a public-school education ; resided at Gray ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1845, 1847, and 1848; was elected a representative from Maine in the Thirty-third Congress as a Demo crat, receiving 9,917 votes against 7,932 votes for Charles J. Gilman, Whig, 803 "votes for Pease, Free- Soiler, and 220 votes scattering, serving from Decem ber 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855. Mayham, Stephen L., was born at Blenheim, New York, October 8, 1825; received an academic education; studied law at Ithaca, New York; was admitted to the bar in 1848, and has since continued to practise; was superintendent of public schools at Schoharie 1852-1857, and supervisor 1857-1860; was elected district-attorney of his county in 1859, and held that office until 1863, when he was elected a member of the New- York State Assembly from Scho harie County; was elected in 1867 a representative from New York in the Forty-first Congress as a Democrat, receiving 18,478 votes against 15,734 votes for Ramsay, Republican, sen-ing from March 4, 1869, to March 3, 1871 ; was again elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 20,498 votes against 16,267 votes for Thomas H. Tremper, Republican, serving from October 15, 1877. Maynard, Horace, was born at Westborough, Massachusetts, August 30, 1814; received his early education at the high school taught by Rev. Dr. Dana of Charleston, South Carolina, and was subse quently at the Millbury Academy; graduated in August, 1838, at Amherst College, Massachusetts; removed to Tennessee, and studied law at Knoxville ; from October, 1838, until March, 1844, was tutor and afterward professor in the University of East Ten nessee ; after that time he entered upon the practice of the law; from 1863 to 1865 he was attorney-general of Tennessee ; in 1852 and in 1864 he was presidential elector; in January, 1865, he was a member of the Constitutional Convention of Tennessee, and he has also held several unimportant and local offices; he was elected a representative from Tennessee in the Thirty-fifth Congress as an American, receiving o,565 votes against 5,360 votes for Wallace, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiv ing 6,476 votes against 4,930 votes for Ramsay, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress, serving from December 7, 1857, to March 3, 1863; was again elected to the Thirty-ninth Con gress, receiving 7,156 votes against 2,323 votes for J. A. Cooper, Democrat, 1,859 votes for Honk, Inde pendent, and 1,210 votes for Boyd, Secession; was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, receiving 11,994 votes against 3,040 votes for John Williams, Con servative; was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress, receiving 10,403 votes against 2,681 votes for Honk, Independent; was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress, receiving 8,351 votes against 7,869 votes for A. Blizard, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress by the State at large, receiving 80,825 votes against 65,188 votes for B. F. Cheatham, Democrat, and 37,900 votes for A. Johnson, Demo crat, serving from July 24, 1866, to March 3, 1875; was appointed by President Grant minister resident at Constantinople. Maynard, John, was born in New York; re ceived a classical education, graduating at Union College in 1810; studied law; was admitted to the bar; commenced practice at Seneca Falls, and re moved to Auburn ; was elected a representative from New York in the Twentieth Congress as a Whig, serving from December 3, 1827, to March 3, 1829; was a member of the State Senate 1838-1840; was again elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress, re ceiving 6,749 votes against 6,551 votes for John De Mott, Democrat, and serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1843 ; was a judge of the Seventh-District Supreme Court June 7, 1847, until his death at Auburn, New York, March 24, 1850. Mayrant, William, was born in South Caro- 530 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. lina; was elected a representative from South Caro lina in the Fourteenth Congress (defeating John Kershaw), serving from December 4, 1815, to Oc tober 21, 1816, when he resigned, fault having been found with his vote on the compensation bill ; was defeated as a candidate for the Fifteenth Congress by Stephen D. Miller. Meacham, James, was born at Rutland, Ver mont, in 1810; received a classical education, gradu ating at Middlebury College in 1832; studied theology while a tutor at Middlebury College; was ordained, and settled as pastor of a church at New Haven, Vermont; was chosen professor of elocution and English literature at Middlebury College ; was elected a representative from Vermont in the Thirty-first Congress (in place of George P. Marsh, resigned) as a Whig, receiving 6,645 votes against 4,716 votes for Peck, Coalition, and 835 votes for Harrington and scattering; was re-elected to the Thirty-second Congress, receiving 5,945 votes against 2,960 votes for Beardsley, Democrat, and 1,521 for Harrington; was re-elected to the Thirty-third Congress, receiv ing 7,138 votes against 2,801 votes for Pierpont, Free- Soiler, and 2,704 votes for Tucker, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress, receiving 8,626 votes against 3,464 votes for S. W. Jewett, Democrat, and 174 scattering, serving from Decem ber 3, 1849, to August 22, 1856, when he died. Mead, Cowles, was born in Georgia; studied and practised law ; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Ninth Congress as a Democrat, serv ing from December 2, 1805, to December 25, 1805, when, his election having been successfully contested, his successor took his seat ; was appointed by Presi dent Jefferson secretary of Mississippi Territory in 1806. Meade, Edwin Buthven, was born at Nor wich, New York, July 0, 1836; received an academic education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1858, and practised at New York; had never held any public office of importance, when he was elected a representative from New York in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 9,199 votes against 9,024 votes for Edward Hogan, Independent Demo crat and Republican, and serving from December 6, 1875, to March 3, 1877. Meade, Richard K., was born in Virginia; received an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Petersburg; was elected a representative from Vir ginia in the Thirtieth Congress as a Democrat ; was re-elected to the Thirty-first Congress, receiving no opposition; was re-elected to the Thirty-second Con gress, receiving no opposition, serving from Decem ber 6, 1847, to March 3, 1853; was appointed by President Pierce minister to Sardinia May 24, 1853, but declined ; was appointed by President Buchanan minister to Brazil, serving July 27, 1857-July 9, 1861 ; returned to Virginia, and died there April 20, 1862. Mebane, Alexander, was born at Hawfields, North Carolina, November 26, 1767; was a member of the Constitutional Convention of North Carolina in 1770; was a member of the House of Commons of North Carolina 1787-1792; was elected a representa tive from North Carolina in the Third Congress, serving from December 2, 1793, until March 3, 1795 ; and died at his home in Orange County, North Caro lina, July 5, 1795. Medill, William, was born in New-Castle County, Delaware; received an academical educa tion; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1832, and commenced practice at Lancaster, Ohio ; was for several years a member of the State legislature; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Twen ty-sixth Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress, serving from Decem ber 2, 1S39, to March 3, 1843; was appointed by President Polk first assistant postmaster-general, serving a few months; was appointed commissioner of Indian affairs, serving October 28, ,1846-May 29, 1850; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Con vention of Ohio in 1850; was lieutenant-governor of Ohio in 1851 and 1852; was appointed by President Buchanan first comptroller of the treasury, serving March 26, 1857-April 10, 1861 ; died at Lancaster, Pennsylvania, September 2, 1805. Meech, Ezra, was born at New London, Con necticut, July 26, 1773; received a public-school edu cation; went to the North- West, and engaged in the fur-trade; contracted with the British Government for the supply of masts, spars, and ship-timber from Canada; removed to Shelburne, Vermont; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1805 and 1807; was elected a representative from Vermont in the Sixteenth Congress, serving from December 6, 1819, to March 3, 1821 ; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Conventions of 1822 and 1826; was chief justice of Crittenden County; was again elect ed to the Nineteenth Congress, serving from Decem ber 5, 1825, to March 3, 1827; devoted himself to agricultural pursuits ; was a presidental elector on the Harrison ticket in 1841 ; died at Shelburne, Vermont, September 23, 1856. MeigS, Henry, was born at New Haven, Con necticut, October 28, 1782 ; received a classical edu cation, graduating at Yale College in 1798; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice in New- York City; was elected a representative from New York in the Sixteenth Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 6, 1819, to March 3, 1821; was for many years recording secretary of the American Institute at New York, and a manager of its annual fairs; died at New York May 20. 1861. Meigs, Return Jonathan, was born at Middle- town, Connecticut; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1785 ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Marietta, Ohio; participated in the Indian war on the frontier; was appointed a judge of the Supreme Court of Ohio; was elected a United -States senator from Ohio (in place of John Smith, resigned) as a Democrat, serving from January 6, 1809, to May 1, 1810, when he resigned ; was governor of Ohio 1810- 1814; was appointed postmaster-general by President Madison, serving March 17, 1814-June 26, 1823 ; died at Marietta, Ohio, March 29, 1825. Mellen, Prentiss, was born at Sterling, Massa chusetts, October 11, 1764; received a classical edu cation, graduating at Cambridge in 1784; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1786, and com menced practice at Bridgewater, Massachusetts; re moved in 1792 to Biddeford, and in 180(5 to Portland, Massachusetts (afterwards Maine) ; was a member of the Executive Council of Massachusetts 1808-1809 and 1817; was a trustee of Bowdoin College 1817- 1836; was elected a United-States senator from Mas sachusetts (in place of Eli P. Ashmun, resigned), serving from November 16, 1818, to May 15, 1820, when he resigned on account of the separation of Maine; was elected the first chief justice of Maine, serving 1820-1834, when he was disqualified by age; resumed the practice of law at Portland, Maine, and died there December 31, 1840. His de cisions are published in the first eleven volumes of the Maine Reports. Mellish, David B., was born at Oxford, Massa chusetts, January 2, 1831; received a public-school education; learned the art of printing in the office of " The Worcester (Massachusetts) Spy ; " taught school in Massachusetts, Maryland, and Pennsylvania; was proof-reader in New-York City two years ; acquired Pitman s phonographic system of verbatim report ing; for two years, 1860 and 1861, was general news and short-hand reporter for "The New- York Trib une;" was stenogragher to the Metropolitan and subsequently to the Municipal Board of Police of New- York City nearly ten years, meanwhile con tributing articles to the press; was appointed assist ant appraiser of the port of New York in 1871 ; was elected a representative from New York in the Forty- STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 531 third Congress as a Republican, receiving 7,841 votes against 7,008 votes for J. Hardy, Apollo-Hall Demo crat, and 5,847 votes for M. Connolly, Tammany-Hal] Democrat, and serving from December 1, 1873, to May 23, 1874, when he died at the Government Hos pital for the Insane, having lost his reason. Menifee, Richard H., was born in Kentucky; received au academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Lex ington ; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Whig (defeating Rich ard French, Democrat), serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1839; declined a re-election; re moved to Lexington, and devoted himself to profes sional pursuits; died at Frankfort February 21, 1841. Menzies, John W., was born in Fayette Coun ty, Kentucky, April 12, 1819; received a classical education, graduating at the University of Virginia in 1840; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1841, and commenced practice at Covington, Kentucky; was a member of the State House of Representa tives in 1848 and 1855 ; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Thirty-seventh Congress as a Unionist, receiving 8,373 votes against 3,774 votes for Hogan, Secessionist, and 098 votes for Jones, serving from July 4, 1801, to March 3, 1803; was de feated as the Democratic candidate for the Thirty- eighth Congress, receiving 2,283 votes against 0,930 votes for Smith, Union, and 1,970 votes for Leathers, Democrat; was a delegate to the Chicago National Convention of 1804, which nominated McClellan. Mercer, Charles Fenton, was born at Freder- icksburg, Virginia, June 0, 1778; received a clas sical education, graduating at Princeton College in 1797 ; served in the United-States army as lieutenant and captain 1798-1800; studied law, and was ad mitted to the bar; visited Europe; returned in 1803, and commenced practice ; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1810-1817; served in the war of 1812 as brigadier-general ; was defeated as a Federal candidate for the Twelfth Congress by Joseph Kent, Democrat; was the first president of the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal Company; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Fif teenth Congress as a Democrat, and was succes sively re-elected to the Sixteenth, Seventeenth, Eighteenth, Nineteenth, Twentieth, Twenty-first, Twenty-second, Twenty-third, Twenty-fourth, Twen ty-fifth, and Twenty-sixth Congresses, serving from December 1, 1817, to December 26, 1839; visited Europe in 1853 to confer with the great powers on the abolition of the slave-trade; died at Howard, near Alexandria, Virginia, May 4, 1858. Mercer, James, was born in Hampshire Coun ty, Virginia, in 1707; received a classical education, graduating at William and Mary College in 1707; was earnestly engaged in pre-Revolutionary move ments; was a delegate to the several Constitutional Conventions; was one of the Committee of Public Safety; was a delegate from Virginia in the Conti nental Congress, serving 1779-1780; was appointed a judge of admiralty and of the First Court of Appeals in 1779 and 1780; died in Virginia in July, 1793. Mercer, John Francis, was born in 1758; re ceived a classical education, graduating from William and Mary College in 1775; was a delegate from Vir ginia 1782-1785; removed to Maryland; was a dele gate from Maryland to the Convention which framed the Federal Constitution; was elected a representa tive from Maryland in the Second Congress (in place of William Pinkney, resigned) ; was re-elected to the Third Congress, serving from February 6, 1792, to April 13, 1794, when he resigned; was a member of the State House of Representatives; died at Phila delphia August 30, 1821. Mercur, Ulysses, was born at Towanda, Penn sylvania, August 12, 1818; graduated at Jefferson College, Pennsylvania; studied and practised law; was a delegate to the National Republican Conven tion which nominated Fremont; was a Republican presidential elector in 1800; was appointed president- judge of the Thirteenth Judicial District of Penn sylvania in March, 1801. and in the October follow ing was elected to the same office for a term of ten years from December, 1801; was elected a repre sentative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-ninth Congress as a Republican, receiving 9,724 votes against 8,723 votes for V. E. Piollet, Democrat, and resigned his judgeship March 4, 1805; was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, receiving 11,940 votes against 10,053 votes for Elwell, Democrat; was re- elected to the Forty-first Congress, receiving 12,723 votes against 12,412 votes for Piollet, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress, receiv ing 11,117 votes against 10,993 votes for C. B. Brock- way, Democrat, serving from December 4, 1805, to December 2, 1872, when he resigned. Meredith, Samuel, was born at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, in 1750; received a mercantile educa tion; was a member of the Colonial legislature; served in the Revolutionary army as major of the Third Pennsylvania Battalion ; was a delegate from Pennsylvania to the Continental Congress 1787-1788 ; was treasurer of the United States September 11, 1789-December 1, 1801; died at Belmont, Pennsyl vania, March 10, 1817. Meriwether, David, was born in Virginia in 1755; received an English education; entered the Revolutionary army before he was of age as lieuten ant, and served in New Jersey and in Georgia; was taken prisoner at the battle of Savannah by the British, and held as a hostage; settled, after the war, in Wilkes County, Georgia; was elected a representa tive from Georgia in the Seventh Congress (in place of Benjamin Taliaferro, resigned) as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Eighth and Ninth Congresses, serving from December 0, 1802, to March 3, 1807; was appointed by President Jefferson in 1804 a com missioner to treat with the Creek Indians ; died near Athens, Georgia, November 10, 1822. Meriwether, David, was born and reared in Kentucky; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised ; was appointed a United-States sena tor from Kentucky (in place of Henry Clay, re signed), serving from July 15, 1852, to December 20, 1852, when his successor took his scat ; was appointed by President Pierce governor of New Mexico, serv ing from May 0, 1853, to January 5, 1855. Meriwether, James, was born in Wilkes Coun ty, Georgia; received a public-school education; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Nine teenth Congress, serving from December 5, 1825, to March 3, 1827. Meriwether, James A., was born in Georgia; resided at Edenton ; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Twenty-seventh Congress as a Whig, receiving 39,141 votes against 35,291 votes for Josiah S. Patterson, Democrat, serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1843. Merriam, Clinton L., was born at Leyden, New York, March 25, 1824; received an academic education ; engaged at an early age in banking and mercantile pursuits in Northern New York ; removed to New- York City in 1847, where, for several years, he conducted an importing and jobbing business, and in 1800 established a banking and stock-commis sion house, from which he retired in 1804 to his native town; and was elected to the Forty-second Congress as a Republican, receiving 14,803 votes against 12,899 votes for Cornwall, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress, receiving 17,337 votes against 13,220 votes for B. Brockway, Lib eral, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1875. Merrick, William D. (father of William M. Merrick), was born in Maryland; received an aca demical education; held several local positions; was elected a United-States senator from Maryland (in place of Joseph Kent, deceased) as a Whig, serving from January 5, 1838, to March 3, 1845; died at Washington City February 5, 1857. 532 CONGRESSIONAL DIEECTOEY. Merrick, William M. (son of William D. Merrick), was born in Charles County, Maryland, September 1, 1818; received a classical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1839, and commenced practice at Frederick, Maryland, in 1844; was deputy attorney-general for Frederick County 1845-1850; removed to Washington City in 1854; was appointed associate judge of the United-States Circuit Court for the District of Columbia, serving 1854-1803; was senior professor of law in Columbian College 1866 and 1867; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention 1867; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1870; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Forty- second Congress as a Democrat, receiving 10,231 votes against 13,340 votes for James A. Gary, Repub lican, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1873; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Forty-third Congress, receiving 10,300 votes against 11.405 votes for William F. Albert, Republican. Merrill, Orsamus C., was born in Vermont in 1776; received an academical education; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice; was county-attorney, register of probate, and judge of probate; was elected a representative from Vermont in the Fifteenth Congress as a Jackson Democrat ; was re-elected to the Sixteenth Congress on a general ticket, receiving 6,955 votes against 6,879 votes for Rollin C. Mallory, and obtained the certificate of election, serving from December 1, 1817, to January 14, 1820, when, his election having been successfully contested, Mr. Mallory took his seat; held several local offices; died at Bennington April 11, 1865. Merrimon, Augustus Summerfield, was born in Buncombe (now Transylvania) County, in North Carolina, September 15, 1830; received a com mon-school education; studied law; was admit ted to the bar in 1851, and is a practising lawyer; was often elected county-attorney in several coun ties; was a member of the legislature of North Caro lina in 1860-1861 ; was solicitor of the Eighth Judicial District of North Carolina from 1861 to 1865; was elected by the legislature a judge of the Superior Courts in 1866, and continued to hold that office until August, 1867, when he resigned his office rather than obey a military order, sitting as a civil judge; he was elected a United-States senator from North Carolina as a Democrat (to succeed John Pool, Re publican), and took his seat March 4, 1873; his term of service will expire March 3, 1879. Merritt, Samuel A., was born at Staunton, Virginia, August 15, 1828; received his early educa tion at the Staunton Academy, and graduated from Washington College, Lexington, Virginia, June 18, 1848; studied law, and practises the profession; was county-clerk in California in 1850; was a member of the State Assembly of California in 1851 and 1852; was a member of the State Senate of California in 1857, 1858, 1859, 1860. 1861, and 1862; and was elected a delegate from Idaho in the Forty-second Congress as a Democrat by about 1,000 majority over T. J. Butler, Republican, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1873. Mervin, Orange, was born at Litchfield, Con necticut; received an academical education; resided at New Milford ; was elected a representative from Connecticut in the Nineteenth Congress; was re- elected to the Twentieth Congress, serving from De cember 5, 1825, to March 3, 1829. Messervy, William S., was born at Salem, Massachusetts; removed to New Mexico; was elected a delegate from New Mexico before the Territory was admitted; his credentials were presented December 10, 185D, and reported on adversely February 6, 1851; returning to Salem, he was elected mayor. Metcalf, Arunah, was born in New York; re ceived a public-school education; resided at Otsego ; was elected a representative from New York in the Twelfth Congress a* a Democrat, receiving 877 ma jority, serving from November 4, 1811, to March 3, 1813; was a member of the State House of Represen tatives in 1814-181(5 and in 1828. Metcalfe, Henry B., was born at Albany, New York, January 20, 1805 ; removed with his parents in 1811 to the city of New York, and in 1816 to Rich mond County; studied law with his father, George Metcalfe, and was admitted to the bar in the city of New York in 1826 ; succeeded his father in the latter part of that year as district-attorney of Richmond County, which office he held six years; was appointed first judge of Richmond County in 1840, but resigned the following year to accept a position in the Revenue Department, which he held until 1843; was elected county-judge and surrogate of Richmond County in 1847, and was annually re-elected until 1875; and was elected a representative from New York in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 12,684 votes against 11,002 votes for S. B. French, Republican, serving from December 6, 1875, to March 3, 1877. Metcalfe, Lyne S., was born in Madisonville, Kentucky, April 21, 1822; received a common-school education, followed by a partial course at Shurtleff and Illinois Colleges; left Kentucky for Illinois in 1838; and in 1844, at Alton, Illinois, engaged in mer cantile pursuits ; was a member of the board of alder men for several years, and afterward mayor of that city; entered the United-States service at the com mencement of the civil war as assistant quarter master, with rank as captain, and was promoted to a colonelcy; removed to St. Louis in 1863; was engaged in manufacturing there after 1866, and served as a member of the city council of that city ; was elected to the Forty-fifth Congress as a Republican, receiving 8,091 votes against 8,072 votes for R. M. Frost, Demo crat, serving from October 15, 1877. Metcalfe, Thomas, was born in Fauquier County, Virginia, March 20, 1780; received a public- school education in Fayctte County, Kentucky, where his father had removed ; learned the mason s trade; served in the war of 1812, and distinguished himself at the battle of Fort Meigs ; was for several years a member of the State House of Representatives; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Six teenth Congress as a Clay Democrat, defeating <Mr. Desha; was re-elected to the Seventeenth, Eighteenth, Nineteenth, and Twentieth Congresses, serving from December 6, 1819, to June 1, 1828, when he resigned; was governor of Kentucky 1829-1833; was a member of the State Senate 1834 ; was president of the Board of Internal Improvement in 1840; was appointed a United-States senator from Kentucky (in place of John J. Crittenden, resigned), serving from July 3, 1848, to March 3, 1849; retired to his farm, and died in Nicholas County, Kentucky, August 18, 1855. Meyers, Benjamin P., was born near New Centreville, Pennsylvania, July 6, 1833; received an academic education at Somerset and Jefferson Col lege, Pennsylvania; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1855 ; was a member of the State legis lature of Pennsylvania in 1864; was a delegate to the Democratic National Convention in 1864; became editor and proprietor of "The Bedford Gazette" in 1857, and one of the proprietors and editor-in-chief of "The Harrisburg Daily Patriot" in 1868, with which journals he is still connected ; and was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Forty- second Congress as a Democrat, receiving 12,859 votes against 12,844 votes for John Cessna, Repub lican, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1873; was defeatetl as the Democratic candidate for the Forty-third Congress, receiving 13,067 votes against 14,383 votes for John Cessna, Republican. Middleswarth, Ner, was born in New Jersey; received an academical education; removed to Penn sylvania, and settled at Beavertown; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-third Congress as a Whig, receiving 7,921 votes against 6,278 votes for Seiner, Democrat, serving from De- STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 533 cember 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855; died at Beavertown June 2, 1865. Middleton, Arthur (son of Henry Middleton, and father of Henry Middleton), was born at the family-seat on Ashley River, South Carolina, in 1743; received a classical education in England, graduating at Cambridge University in 1764 ; after travelling at home and abroad, he settled down as a South-Caro lina planter in 1773 ; was one of the Council of Safety in 1775; was one of the committee to frame a State Constitution in 1776 ; was a delegate from South Car olina to the Continental Congress 1776-1778 ; declined the governorship of South Carolina in 1778 ; entered the Revolutionary army as a South-Carolina volun teer in 1779; was made prisoner by the British on the fall of Charleston in 1780, and exchanged in July, 1781 ; was again a delegate from South Carolina to the Continental Congress 1781-1783; having acquired the art of stenography, he took notes of many of the debates in which he participated; died in South Car olina January 1, 1788. He published some effective political essays over the signature of Andrew Mar- veil. Middleton, George, was born at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, October 14, 1811; removed with his father to Burlington, New Jersey; learned the tan ner s trade; received a public-school education; re moved to Allentown; held several local offices ; was for two successive years a member of the State House of Representatives ; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Dem ocrat, receiving 12,182 votes against 10,834 votes for Brown, Republican, serving from December 7, 1863, to March 3, 1865; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiving 13,091 votes against 13,453 votes for William A. Newell, Union. Middleton, Henry (father of Arthur Middle- ton, and grandfather of Henry Middleton), was born in South Carolina ; was a delegate from South Caro lina in the Continental Congress 1774-1776; died at Charleston, South Carolina. Middleton, Henry (son of Arthur Middleton, and grandson of Henry Middleton), was born in South Carolina in 1770; received a classical educa tion ; was a member of the State House of Represen tatives 1801-1810; was governor of South Carolina 1810-1812; was elected a representative from South Carolina in the Fourteenth Congress ; was re-elected to the Fifteenth Congress, serving from December 4, 1815, to March 3, 1819; was minister to Russia April 6, 1823-August 3, 1830; died at Charleston, South Carolina, June 14, 1846. Miffiin, Thomas, was born at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, in 1744; was educated in Philadelphia College; visited Europe in 1765, and, after his re turn, entered into partnership with an elder brother; was a member of the Colonial legislature in 1772 and 1773; was a delegate from Pennsylvania to the First Congress in 1774; entered the Revolutionary army as major of a Philadelphia regiment; accom panied Washington to Cambridge as aide-de-camp, with the rank of colonel; was made quartermaster- general in August; was made adjutant-general in September; was commissioned brigadier-general May 16, 1776, and major-general February 19, 1777; he served with distinction on Long Island and in New Jersey, but became dissatisfied with General Wash ington, and was one of those who conspired to re move him; was a delegate from Pennsylvania to the Continental Congress 1782-1783; was a member of the State House of Representatives and its speaker" in 17s5 ; was a delegate to the convention to frame the Federal Constitution 1787; was president of the Supreme Executive Council of Pennsylvania October, 1788-October, 1790; was president of the convention which framed the State Constitution 1790; was gov ernor of Pennsylvania 1791-1800 ; died at Lancaster, Pennsylvania, January 21, 1800. Miles, Nathaniel, was elected a representative from Vermont in the Second Congress; was re-elect ed to the Third Congress, serving from October 24, 1791, to March 3, 1795. Miles, W. Porcher, was born at Charleston, South Carolina, July, 1828; received a classical edu cation, graduating at the Charleston College ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar; was mayor of Charleston 1856-1857; was elected a representative from South Carolina in the Thirty-fifth Congress as a State-rights Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty- sixth Congress, serving from December 7, 1857, to his withdrawal on the secession of South Carolina ; was a deputy from South Carolina to the Provisional Congress of the Confederate States, which assembled at Montgomery in February, 1861 ; was a representa tive from South Carolina in the First and Second Confederate Congresses, serving from February 22, 1862, to March, 1864. Milledge, John, was born at Savannah, Georgia, in 1757; took up arms early in the Revolutionary struggle, and distinguished himself in the local en gagements; was attorney-general of Georgia in 1780; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Second Congress (in place of Anthony Wayne, whose seat had been declared vacant by the House), serving from November 22, 1792, to March 2, 1793; was again elected to the Fourth Congress, and re-elected to the Fifth Congress, serving from December 7, 1795, to March 3, 1799; was again elected to the Seventh Congress, serving from December 7, 1801, to May, 1802, when he resigned; was governor of Georgia 1802-1806; was elected a United-States senator from Georgia (in place of James Jackson, deceased), serv- ingfrom December 11, 1806, to 1809, when he resigned ; died at the Sand Hills February 9, 1819. Millen, John, was born at Savannah, Georgia, in 1804; received an academical education; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice at Savannah; was a member of the State House of Representatives ; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Demo crat, receiving 35,026 votes against 32,544 votes for Henry P. Smead, Whig; died October 15, 1843 (hav ing never taken his seat), at his residence, near Sa vannah. Miller, Daniel P., was born in Alleghany Coun ty, Maryland, October 4, 1814; received an aca demical education; studied law at Pittsbnrg; was admitted to the bar in 1838, and commenced practice in Iowa in 1839; was a member of the Territorial House of Representatives ; was elected a representa tive from Iowa in the Thirty-first Congress as a Whig, receiving 6,091 votes against 6,477 votes for William Thompson, the Mormon vote having been thrown out; Mr. Thompson received the certificate of elec tion, and Mr. Miller contested the seat, the House deciding, June 29, 1850, that the seat was vacant; at the new election Miller received 5,463 votes against 4,804 votes for Thompson, and 365 votes for Smith, Free-Soiler, serving from December 20, 1850, to March 3, 1851; was a presidential elector on the Fremont ticket in 1856. Miller, Daniel H., was born at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Eighteenth Congress as a Jack son Democrat; was re-elected to the Nineteenth, Twentieth, and Twenty-first Congresses, serving from December 1, 1823, to March 3, 1831; died at Philadelphia in 1846. Miller, George F., was born at Chillisquaque, Pennsylvania, September 5, 1809; received an aca demic education; studied and practised law; was sec retary of the Lewisburg University, in the State of Pennsylvania, 1848-1864 ; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-ninth Congress as a Republican, receiving 11,619 votes against 11,092 votes for W. H. Miller, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress as a Republican, receiving 14,190 votes against 12,675 votes for Bowers, Demo crat, serving from December 4, 1865, to March 3, 1869. 534 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Miller, Jacob W., was born in Morris County, New Jersey, in 1802; received an academical educa tion; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Norristown: was elected a United-States senator from New Jersey as a Whig, serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 18-33; died at Morristown, New Jersey, September 20, 1862. Miller, Jesse (father of William H. Miller), was born at Landisburg, Pennsylvania; received a public- school education ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and practised ; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-third Congress as a Jack son Democrat ; was re-elected to the Twenty-fourth Congress, receiving 840 majority over Thomas White- sides, Whig, serving from December 2, 1833, to Octo ber 30, 1830, when he resigned; was appointed by President Jackson first auditor of the treasury, serv ing November 1, 1836-June IT, 1842; was canal com missioner of Pennsylvania 1845 and 1840; was State secretary of state 1840-1848; died at Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, August 20, 1850. Miller, John, was born at Amenia, New York, November 10, 1774; received a private education; studied medicine; attended lectures at the Univer sity of Pennsylvania, and practised at Truxton, New York ; was postmaster at Truxton 1805-1825 ; was a justice of the peace 1812-1821; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1817 and 1820; was elected a representative from New York in the Nineteenth Congress, serving from December 5, 1825, to March 3, 1827 ; was again a member of the State House of Representatives in 1845; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention in 1846; died at Truxton, New York, March 5, 1802. Miller, John, was born at Steubenville, Ohio; received a public-school education; served in the war of 1812, entering the army March 12, 1812, as lieu tenant-colonel of the Seventeenth Infantry; distin guished himself in several engagements, and resigned February 10, 1818; removed to Missouri ; was govern or of Missouri 1820-1832; was elected a representa tive from Missouri in the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Van Buren Democrat, defeating Samuel C. Owens, White Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty-sixth Congress, receiving 23,187 votes against 17,193 votes for Allen, Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty- seventh Congress, serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1843; died near Florissant, Missouri, March 18, 1X40. Miller, John G., was born in Kentucky, Octo ber 4, 1812; received a public-school education; re moved to Boonville, Missouri, in 1835; was a mem ber of the State House of Representatives in 1840; was elected a representative from Missouri in the Thirty-second Congress as a Whig, receiving 0,578 votes against 0,554 votes for Green, anti-Benton Democrat, and 2,411 votes for J. Miller, Benton Dem ocrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-third Congress, receiving 8,297 votes against 7,869 votes for Green, Democrat ; was re-elected to the Thirty-fourth Con gress, receiving 0,372 votes against 4,904 votes for Price, Benton Democrat, and 2,540 votes for Hough, anti-Benton Democrat, serving from December 1, 1851, to May 11, 1850, when he died in Saline County, Missouri. Miller, John K.., was born in Ohio; received a public-school education; located at Mount Vemon, Ohio; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirtieth Congress as a Democrat; and was re-elected to the Thirty-first Congress, serving from December 0, 1S47, to March 3, 1851. Miller, Joseph, was born in Ohio ; was educated at Chillicothe; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, re ceiving 7,403 votes against 5,033 votes for Hoffman, Republican, and 4,3215 votes for Moore, American, and serving from December 7, 1857, to March 3, 1859; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving 8,043 votes against 10,582 votes for Trimble, Republican; was appointed United-States judge of the District Courts for the Territory of Nebraska. Miller, KLillian, was born at Claverack, New York, July 30, 1785; received an academical educa tion; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1800, and commenced practice at Livingston, New York; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1825 and 1828; removed to Hudson City in 1833; was county-clerk 1837-1840; was elected a represen tative from New York in the Thirty-fourth Congress as a Whig, receiving 8,376 votes against 5,540 votes for McClellan, American, and 2,480 votes for Miller, Democrat, serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1857. Miller, Morris S., was born in 1779; resided at Utica; w r as elected a representative from New York in the Thirteenth Congress as a Federalist, serving from May 24, 1813, to March 2, 1815; was a State commissioner to negotiate a treaty with the Seneca Indians 1819; was judge of the Oneida-county Court ; died at Utica November 15, 1824. Miller, Nathan, was born in Rhode Island ; was a brigadier-general of militia; was a delegate from Rhode Island to the Continental Congress in 1785 and 1780. Miller, Pleasant M., was elected a representa tive from Tennessee in the Eleventh Congress, serv ing from May 22, 1809, to March 3, 1811. Miller, i&utger B., was born in New York; re sided at Utica; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-fourth Congress (in place of Samuel Beardsley, resigned), serving from De cember 5, 1836, to March 3,lS37; died at Utica, New York, November 13, 1877. Miller, Samuel F., was born at Franklin, New York, May 27, 1827; pursued his academic studies at the Delaware Literary Institute; graduated at Hamilton College in 1852; studied law at the Hamil ton-college Law School, and was admitted to the bar in 1853 ; did not practise, but engaged in business as a farmer and lumberman; was a member of the State legislature of New York in 1854; was super visor of the town of Franklin in 1855 and 1856; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Republican, receiving 14,918 votes against 13,523 votes for Parker, Demo crat, serving from December 7, 1803, to March 3, 1865; was a member of the State Constitutional Convention of New York in 1807 ; was appointed a commissioner on the State Board of Charities in 1807, and was re-appointed in 1873 ; was appointed collector of internal revenue May 20, 1869, and re signed May 23, 1873 ; and was again elected to the Forty-fourth Congress, receiving 15,574 votes against 14,431 votes for O. M. Allaben, Democrat, serving from December 6, 1875, to March 3, 1877. Miller, Smith, was born in North Carolina; re moved when a lad to Indiana with his parents, and settled at Patoka; was reared on a farm, and re ceived a scanty public-school education; was a member of the State House of Representatives; was elected a representative from Indiana in the Thirty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 9,007 votes against 6,252 votes for Keal, Whig; was re- elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress, receiving 9,804 votes against 9,051 votes for Hall, Republican, serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855. Miller, Stephen Decatur, was born in the Waxhaw Settlement of Lancaster District, South Carolina, May 8, 1787; received a classical education, graduating at the College of South Carolina in 1808; studied law under John S. Richardson ; was admitted to the bar in 1811, and commenced practice at Sumter- ville; was elected a representative from South Caro lina in the Fourteenth Congress (to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of William Maytrant) as an anti-Calhoun Democrat, and was re-elected to the Fifteenth Congress, serving from January 2, 1817, until Marches, 1819; declined a re-election, and resumed practice; was a State senator 1822- STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 535 1828; was governor of South Carolina 1828-1830; was elected United-States senator from South Caro lina as a Nullifier, defeating Judge William Smith, and serving from December 5, 1831, to March 2, 1833, when he resigned on account of ill health; was a member of the Nullification Conventions of 1830 and 1832; removed to Mississippi in 1835, and engaged largely in the cultivation of cotton; and died at Raymond, Mississippi, March 8, 1838. Miller, W^illiam H. (son of Jesse Miller), was born in Perry County, Pennsylvania, January 29, 1828; received a classical education, graduating at Marshall College, Franklin, Pennsylvania; was clerk of the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania 1854-1803; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, receiv ing 10,030 votes against 10, 109 votes for Patterson, Republican, serving from December 7, 1803, to March 3, 1865; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiving 11,092 votes against 11,619 votes for George F. Miller, Republican; died at Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, September 12, 1870. Miller, William S., was born at New- York City; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-ninth Congress, serving from Decem ber 1, 1845, to March 3, 1847; died at New-York City November 9, 1854. Milligan, John J., was born in Cecil County, Maryland, December 10, 1795; received a classical education, studying three years at Princeton College; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1818, and commenced practice in New-Castle County, Dela ware; retired in 1828 to his country-seat near Wil mington ; was elected a representative from Delaware in the Twenty-second Congress as a Whig ; was re- elected to the Twenty-third, Twenty-fourth, and Twenty-fifth Congresses, serving from December 3, 1831, to March 3, 1839; was appointed in 1839 judge of the State Superior Court. Millikin, Charles "W., was born in Graves County, Kentucky, August 15, 1827, and was taken to Simpson County, Kentucky, when he was two years of age ; graduated in June, 1849 ; studied law, and followed it as a profession ; was county-attorney of Simpson County five years; was appointed, in January, 1807, Commonwealth attorney for the Fourth Judicial District of Kentucky (to fill a vacancy) ; was elected the following August to serve out the unexpired term; was re-elected in August, 1868, for a full term of six years, and resigned on the 24th of February, 1872 ; was elected a represen tative from Kentucky in the Forty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 8,796 votes against 4.853 votes for J. S. Golladay, Independent Democrat; and was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Congress, re ceiving 6,875 votes against 2,085 votes for Goren, Republican, and 471 votes for W. H. Butler, Inde pendent Republican, serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1877. Mills, Elijah Hunt, was born in 1778; received a classical education, graduating at Williams College in 1797 ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Northampton, Massachusetts ; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Fourteenth Congress as a Federalist; was re- elected to the Fifteenth Congress, serving from De cember 4, 1815, to March 3, 1819; was elected a United-States senator from Massachusetts (in place of Prentiss Mellen, resigned); and was re-elected, serving from December 1, 1820. to March 3, 1827; died at Northampton, Massachusetts, May 5, 1829. Mills, Roger Q., of Corsicana, Texas, studied and practised law ; was elected a representative from Texas in the Forty-third Congress as a Demo crat ; was re-elected to the Forty-foiirth Congress, defeating Pleasant M. Yell, Republican; was re- elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 20,731 votes against 8,839 votes for J. P. Osterhout, Repub lican, serving from December 1, 1873. Millson, John S., was born at Norfolk, Vir ginia, October 1, 1808; received an academical educa tion ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar in 1829, and commenced practice at Norfolk; was a presidential elector in 1844 and 1848 ; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Thirty-first Congress as a Dem ocrat, receiving 2,736 votes against 2,558 votes for Watson, Whig; was re-elected to the Thirty-second Congress, receiving 2,271 votes against 1,541 votes for Cowper, Whig; was re-elected to the Thirty-third Congress, receiving 3,206 votes against 2,071 votes for Chambliss, Whig; was re-elected to the Thirty- fourth Congress, receiving 4,769 votes against 4,224 votes for Watts, American; was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving no opposition; was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving no opposition, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1801; he took no part in the Rebellion, but re mained quietly at his home at Norfolk; died at Nor folk, Virginia, February 26, 1873. Millward, William, was born at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; received a public-school education; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-fourth Congress as a Whig, receiving 5,888 votes against 5,525 votes for Landy", Democrat, serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1857; was defeated as the Union candidate for the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving 6,753 votes against 7,933 votes for Landy, Democrat; was again elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving 9,749 votes against 6,451 votes for Phillips, Democrat, and 253 votes for Broom, American, serving from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 1861. Mimes, William, jun., was born in York shire, England, December 8, 1827; in the second year of his age his father emigrated to America, and settled in Ppttsville, Pennsylvania, where he en gaged in mining and manufacturing; after complet ing an academic education, he apprenticed himself to a lirm engaged in the machine and blacksmithing business; at the expiration of his apprenticeship he entered into business with his father and brother in the mining and shipping of coal ; in 1865 he removed to Virginia, having previously disposed of his busi ness interests in Pennsylvania, and purchased the extensive property located in Page and Rocking- ham Counties known as the Shenandoah Iron Works; he was elected a representative from Vir ginia in the Forty-first Congress as a Conservative Republican, receiving 12,123 votes against 6,815 votes for Harris, the opposition candidate, serving from January 27, 1870, to March 3, 1871. Milnor, James, was born at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, June 20, 1773 ; received a classical education, graduating at the University of Pennsyl vania; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1794, and commenced practice at Philadelphia; was a leading member of the Freemasons, and grand mas ter of Pennsylvania; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twelfth Congress, receiv ing 4,359 votes against 3,143 votes for John Porter, serving from November 4, 1811, to March 3, 1813; abandoning the law for theology, he was ordained by Bishop White of the Protestant-Episcopal Church in 1814, and in 1816 became the rector of St. George s Church at New York; was for many years the grand chaplain of the Grand Lodge of Freemasons of New York; after spending the evening with his fellow- directors of the New- York Deaf and Dumb Institu tion, he died suddenly, April 8, 1845. Milnor, William, was born at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; received an academical education; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania to the Tenth Congress as a Federalist; was re-elected to the Eleventh Congress, serving from October 20, 1807, to March 3, 1811; was again elected to the Fourteenth Congress, receiving 885 majority, serv ing from December 4, 1815, to March 3, 1817; was again elected to the Seventeenth Congress, receiving 6,090 majority, serving from December 3, 1821, to 536 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. 1822, when he resigned ; was elected sheriff of Phila delphia. Miner, Ahiman L., was born in Vermont; re ceived an academical education; was clerk of the Vermont House of Representatives in 1830 and 1837; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1838, 1839, and 1845; was a State senator in 1840; was county-attorney, register of probate, and judge of probate ; was elected a representative from Ver mont in the Thirty-second Congress as a Whig, re ceiving 4,369 votes against 4,12(5 votes for A. P. Lyman, Whig, 2,089 votes for D. Roberts, jun., Demo crat, and 405 scattering, serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1853. Miner, Charles, was born at Norwich, Connect icut, February 17, 1778; received a public-school edu cation; removed in 1797 with his father to Wilkes- barre, Pennsylvania, and thence to West Chester; published " The Village Record " at West Chester for some years; was elected a representative from Penn sylvania in the Nineteenth Congress as a Federalist; was re-elected to the Twentieth Congress, serving from December 5, 1825, to March 3, 1829; declined a re-election on account of deafness ; died at Wilkes- barre, Pennsylvania, October 20, 1805. Published a " History of Wyoming." Miner, Phineas, was born in Connecticut in 1779; received an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice at Litchfield, Connecticut; was elected a repre sentative from Connecticut in the Twenty-third Con gress (in place of Jabez W. Huntington, resigned), receiving 10,244 votes against 15,894 votes for his opponent, serving from December 1, 1834, to March 3, 1835; died at Litchfield, Connecticut, September 16, 1839. Mitchell, Alexander, was born in Aberdeen- shire, Scotland, October 17, 1817; received an aca demic education in Scotland; immigrated to the United States; located at Milwaukee, and engaged in banking; was elected a representative from Wiscon sin in the Forty-second Congress as a Democrat, re ceiving 10,558 votes against 12,250 votes for W. P. Lyon, Republican; and was re-elected to the Forty- third Congress, receiving 13,281 votes against 7,120 votes for F. C. Winkler, Republican, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1875. Mitchell, Anderson, was born in Caswell County, North Carolina, in 1800; received a classical education, graduating at the University of North Carolina in 1821 ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar in 1830, and commenced practice at Wilkes- borough; was elected a representative from North Carolina in the Twenty-seventh Congress (in place of Lewis Williams, deceased), serving from April 27, 1842, to March 3, 1843. Mitchell, Charles B., was elected United- States senator from Alabama for six years from March 4, 1801 ; he did not appear to take his seat at the extra session, and he was expelled July 11, 1801. Mitchell, Charles F., was born in New York; received a public-school education; resided at Lock- port* was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Whig ; was re-elected to the Twenty-sixth Congress, receiving 4,090 votes against 3,840 votes for Henry R. Curtis, Democrat, serving from September 4, 1S37, to March 3, 1841; was convicted of forgery in 1842, and sentenced to three years imprisonment in the State prison at Sing Sing, from which he was pardoned by Governor Bouch in November, 1843, on account of his ill health; went to the West, and engaged in the milling business, enjoying the confidence of the people among whom he resided. Mitchell, George B., was born in Cecil Coun ty, Maryland ; received a liberal education ; was elected a representative from Maryland in the eigh teenth Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Nineteenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1823, to March 3, 1827; was again elected to the Twenty-first Congress, receiving 280 majority over Williams ; was re-elected to the Twenty-second Con gress, serving from December 7, 1829, to June 28, 1832, when he died at Washington City. Mitchell, Henry, was born at Woodbury, Con necticut, in 1784 ; received a classical education ; stud ied medicine, and finally settled down in practice at Norwich, New York ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1827; was elected a rep resentative from New York in the Twenty-third Con gress as a Jackson Democrat, serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1835; died at Norwich, New York, January 12, 1858. Mitchell, James C., was born in Mecklenburg County, North Carolina; was elected a representa tive from Tennessee in the Nineteenth Congress, defeating James Stand efer; was re-elected to the Twentieth Congress, serving from December 5, 1825, to March 3, 1829; was defeated as a candidate for the Twenty-first Congress by James Standefer; was judge of the Circuit Court of Tennessee; removed in 1835 to the vicinity of Jackson, Mississippi, and en gaged, in agricultural pursuits ; was a member of the State House of Representatives ; and died near Jack son, Mississippi, August 7, 1843. Mitchell, James S., was born at Rossville, Pennsylvania; received a public-school education; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Seventeenth Congress as a Democrat; was re- elected to the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Congresses, serving from December 3, 1821, to March 3, 1827. Mitchell, John, was born in Perry County, Pennsylvania; received a public-school education; resided at Belief onte; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Nineteenth Congress as a Democrat; and was re-elected to the Twentieth Con gress, serving from December 5, 1825, to March 3, 1829. Mitchell, John H., was born in Washington County, Pennsylvania, June 22, 1835; received a public-school education and the instruction of a private tutor; studied and practised law; removed to California, and practised law, first in San Luis Obispo, and then in San Francisco; removed to Port land, Oregon, in 1800, and there continued his pro fession; was elected corporation attorney of Portland in 1801, and served one year; was elected as a Re publican to the State Senate in 1802, and served four years, the last two as president of that body; was commissioned by the governor of Oregon in 1805 lieutenant-colonel in the State militia; was a candi date for United-States senator in 1800, and was de feated in the party caucus by one vote ; was chosen professor of medical jurisprudence in Willamette University at Salem, Oregon, in 1807, and served in that position nearly four years ; was elected United- States senator from Oregon as a Republican (to suc ceed Henry W. Corbett, Republican), and took his seat March 4, 1873. His term of service will expire March 3, 1879. Mitchell, John I., was born in Tioga County, Pennsylvania, July 28, 1838; spent his boyhood upon his father s farm; received a common-school educa tion and private instruction, and passed some time at the University of Lewisburg, Pennsylvania (1857- 1859), but did not graduate; taught school; served in the Union army as lieutenant and captain ; was admitted to the bar in 1804, and has since practised law ; was elected district-attorney of his native coun ty in 1808, serving three years; edited The Tioga- County Agitator" during the year 1870; was a mem ber of the State Hoilse of Representatives five years from 1827 to 1870 inclusive, and served as chairman of the Judiciary General and Ways and Means; was elected to the Forty-fifth Congress as a Repub lican, receiving 13,595 votes against 12,097 votes for Henry White, Democrat, and 1,530 votes for J. F. Davis, Independent Greenbacker, serving from Octo ber 15, 1877. Mitchell, Nahum, was born at East Bridge- STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 537 water, Massachusetts, February 12, 1769; received a classical education, graduating at Harvard College in 1789; studied law under Hon. John Davis at Plym outh; was admitted to the bar November 24, 1792, and commenced practice at East Bridge water; was judge of the Court of Common Pleas 1811-1821; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1803, 1804, 1805, 1839, and 1840, and State senator 1813 and 1814; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Eighth Congress, serving from October 17, 1803, until March 3, 1805; was a member of the governor s council 1814-1820; was treasurer of the Commonwealth 1822-1827; was one of the first commissioners for establishing a railroad be tween Boston and Albany; was librarian and treas urer of the Massachusetts Historical Society; and died suddenly, after discovering that his pocket had been picked, while attending the celebration of the embarkation of the Pilgrims at Plymouth, Massa chusetts, August 1, 1853. He published a "History of Bridgewater" and "The Bridgewater Collection of Sacred Music." Mitchell, Nathaniel, was a delegate from Dela ware to the Continental Congress 178(3-1788. Mitchell, Robert, was born in Pennsylvania; received a public-school education; removed to Zanesville, Ohio; held several local offices; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Twenty- third Congress as a Jackson Democrat, serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1835. Mitchell, Samuel Latham, was born at Hampstead, New York, August 20, 1764; received a classical education, and studied medicine with Dr. S. Latham, his maternal uncle; was in 1788 a com missioner to purchase the lands of the Iroquois In dians in Western New York ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1791 ; was ap pointed professor of chemistry and natural history in Columbia College in 1792; was one of the founders of the State Society for the Promotion of Agriculture in 1793; was an editor of "The Quarterly Medical Repository" 1797-1813; was again a member of the State House of Representatives 1798 ; was elected a representative from New York in the Seventh Con gress as a Democrat, and was re-elected to the Eighth Congress, serving from December 1, 1801, to his res ignation November 22, 1804; was elected a United- States senator from New York (in place of John Armstrong, resigned), serving from November 23, 1804, to March 3, 1809 ; was again elected a represen tative in the Eleventh Congress (in place of William Denning, who was elected, but never qualified), and was re-elected to the Twelfth Congress, receiving a majority of 580 votes, serving from December 4, 1810, to March 3, 1813 ; was professor of natural history in the New-York College of Physicians and Surgeons 1808-1820, and of botany and materia medica 1820- 1826; was vice-president of the Rutgers Medical School 1826-1830; was one of the founders of the New- York Literary and Philosophical Society in 1815; eyed at New York September 7, 1831. He published "Observations on the Absorbent Tubes of Animal Bodies," " Nomenclature of the New Chem istry," "Present State of Learning in the College of New York," "Life of Tammany," "Synopsis of Chemical Nomenclature," "History of the Botani cal Writers of America," "Treatise on the Fishes of New York," besides numerous addresses. Mitchell, Stephen Mix, was born at Wethers- field, Connecticut, December 27, 1743; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1763; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1772, and commenced practice at Wethersfield ; was asso ciate judge of the Hartford-county Court 1779-1790; was a delegate from Connecticut to the Continental Congress 1783-1785 ; was presiding judge of the Hart ford-county Court 1790-1795 ; was elected a United- States senator from Connecticut (in place of Roger Sherman, deceased), serving from December 2, 1793, to March 3, 1795 ; was judge of the Superior Court of Connecticut 1795-1807; was chief justice of the Superior Court of Connecticut 1807-1814; died at Wethersfield, Connecticut, September 30, 1835. Mitchell, Thomas R., was born at Georgetown, South Carolina; received a classical education, graduating at Harvard University in 1802; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Georgetown; was elected a representative from South Carolina in the Seventeenth Congress, receiv ing a majority of 517 votes over Colonel Campbell, serving from December 3, 1821, to March 3, 1823; was defeated as a candidate for the Eighteenth Con gress by Colonel Campbell ; was again elected to the Nineteenth Congress, defeating Colonel Campbell; was re-elected to the Twentieth Congress, receiving a majority of 75 votes over Colonel Campbell, serv ing from December 5, 1825, to March 3, 1829; was defeated as a candidate for the Twenty-first Con gress; was again elected to the Twenty-second Congress, defeating Colonel Campbell, serving from December 5, 1831, to March 2, 1833 ; died at George town, South Carolina, November 2, 1837. Mitchell, William, was born in New York; received a public-school education ; removed to Indi ana; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Kendallsville ; was elected a representa tive from Indiana in the Thirty-seventh Congress as a Republican, receiving 14.267 votes against 11,378 votes for P. M. Henkle, Democrat, serving from July 4, 1861, to March 3, 1863; was defeated as the Republican candidate for the Thirty-eighth Con gress, receiving 11,917 votes against 12.353 votes for Edgcrton, Democrat; died at Macon, Georgia, Sep tember 11, 1865. Moffet, John, was born in County Antrim, Ire land, in 1832 ; was brought to the United States by his parents when he was a child; was educated at the public schools of Philadelphia, and in the medi cal department of the University of Pennsylvania; entered into business at Philadelphia as an .apothe cary; claimed to have been elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Forty-first Congress as a Democrat, serving from March 4, 1869, to April 9, 1869, when, his election having been successfully contested, his competitor, Leonard Myers, took his seat. Moffit, Hosea, was born in Rensselaer County, New York; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1794-1801 ; was elected a representa tive from New York in the Thirteenth Congress as a Federalist; was re-elected to the Fourteenth Con gress, serving from May 24, 1813, to March 3, 1817 ; was brigadier-general of militia. Molbny, Richard S., was born at Northfield, New Hampshire ; received a classical education, and was a student at Dartmouth College ; studied medi cine; was licensed, and commenced practice at Bel- videre, Illinois; was elected a representative from Illinois in the Thirty-second Congress as a Democrat, receiving 11,321 votes against 10,587 votes for Cofling, Whig, serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1853. Monell, Robert, was born in Columbia County, New York ; received a classical education ; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Greene, Chenango County; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1814-1815; was elected a representative from New York in the Six teenth Congress as a Democrat, serving from Decem ber 6, 1819, to March 3, 1821; was again a member of the State House of Representatives 1825, 1826, and 1828; was again elected to the Twenty-first Con gress, serving from December 7, 1829, to February 21, 1831, when he resigned; was a circuit-judge; died at Greene, New York, 1860. Money, Hernando De Soto, was born in Holmes County, Mississippi, August 26, 1839; edu cated at the University of Mississippi, at Oxford; studied law; adopted the editorial profession; was elected a representative from Mississippi in the Forty- 538 CONGRESSIONAL, DIRECTORY. fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 13,811 votes against 5,781 votes for Ridgely C. Powers, Republican, and 5,022 votes for Finis H. Little, Re publican ; and was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Con- fress, receiving 17,953 votes against 6,320 votes for V. W. Chisholm, Republican, serving from Decem ber 0, 1875. Monroe, James, was born in Westmoreland County, Virginia, April 28, 1758; received a classical education, graduating at William and Mary College in 1770; joined the Revolutionary army as a cadet in 1770; was promoted to a captaincy, and participated in several engagements; studied law under Thomas Jefferson; was appointed military commissioner for Virginia in 1780, and visited the Southern army under General DeKalb; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1782; was a delegate from Virginia to the Continental Congress 1783-1780; was again a member of the State House of Represen tatives in 1780; was a United-States senator from Virginia 1790-1794 ; was minister plenipotentiary to France May 28, 1794-December 30, 1796; was gov ernor of Virginia 1799-1802 ; was again minister pleni potentiary to France January 12, 1803-July 12, 1803; was minister plenipotentiary to England in 1803, and to Spain in 1805; returning home in 1808, he was again elected a member of the State House of Repre sentatives; was governor of Virginia in 1811; was secretary of state of the United States November 25, 1811-March 3, 1817; was elected and re-elected Presi dent of the United States, serving March 4, 1817, to March 3, 1825 ; retired to his farm in Loudon County, Virginia, and resided there until 1831, when he re moved to New- York City, where he died July 4, 1831. Monroe, James, was born at Plainfield, Con necticut, July 18, 1821 ; received his early education at the common school and at Plainfield Academy ; graduated at Oberlin College in 1840, and afterward pursued a course of theological study there; was a professor in Oberlin College from- 1849 until 1802; was a member of the House of Representatives of the State of Ohio in 1856-1859, and of the Ohio Sen ate in 1800-1802 ; was chosen president pro tempore of the Ohio Senate in 1801, and again in 1862; re signed his seat in the Senate in October, 1802, to accept the position of United-States consul at Rio de Janeiro, tendered him by President Lincoln; held the office of consul at that capital from 1803 to 1809, serving for some months of 1809 as charge d affaires ad interim ; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Forty-second Congress as a Republican, re ceiving 12,271 votes against 11,545 votes for L. R. Critchn eld, Democrat, and 85 votes for Whiton, Prohibitionist; was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress, receiving 14,002 votes against 10,298 votes for N. S. Townsend, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Congress as a Republican, receiving 12,229 votes against 10,095 votes for John K. Mc- Bride, Democrat, and 105 votes for Miller, Prohibi tionist; was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 16,900 votes against 12,772 votes for "John Hall, Democrat. Montanya, J. Dela, was born in New York; resided at Haverstraw ; Avas elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-sixth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 4,405 votes against 3,750 votes for John S. Gurnee, Whig, serving from December 2, 18:)!), to March 3, 1841. Montgomery, David, jun., was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Tenth Con gress, serving from October 26, 1807, to March 3, 1809. Montgomery, John, was born in Maryland; received a classical education; was elected a repre sentative from Maryland in the Tenth Congress as a Democrat ; was re-elected to the Eleventh Congress (defeating Spencer), serving from October 26, 1807, to March 3, 1811. Montgomery, John G., was born at North umberland, Pennsylvania, in 1805 ; received a classi cal education, graduating at Washington College in 1824; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1827, and commenced practice at Danville, Pennsylvania; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1855 ; was elected a representative from Pennsyl vania in the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 10,442 votes against 7,057 votes for Smith, Unionist; contracted the disease which seized many of the guests at the National Hotel, Washington, before the inauguration of President Buchanan, and died, before taking his seat, at Danville, Pennsyl vania, April 24, 1857. Montgomery, Joseph, was born in Pennsyl vania; received a classical education, graduating at Princeton College in 1755; was a delegate from Pennsylvania to the Continental Congress 1780-1784. Montgomery, Thomas, was born in Nelson Count}-, Virginia; received a thorough English edu cation; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Stanford, Kentucky; was a county- judge; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Thirteenth Congress as a Democrat, serving from May 24, 1813, to March 2, 1815; was again elected to the Sixteenth Congress (in place of Tun- stall Quarles, resigned); was re-elected to the Seven teenth Congress, serving from November 13, 1820, to March 3, 1823 ; died at Stanford, Kentucky, April 2, 1828. Montgomery, "William, was elected a repre sentative from Pennsylvania in the Third Congress, serving from December 2, 1793, to March 3, 1795. Montgomery, ^ATilliam, was born in Guilford County, North Carolina, in 1791; studied medicine, and practised in Orange County; was a member of the State Senate 1824-1827 and 1829-1834; was elected a representative from North Carolina in the Twenty- fourth Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 191 majority over Barringer; was re-elected to the Twen ty-sixth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 2,910 votes against 2,553 votes for G. W. Hayward, Whig, serv ing from December 7, 1835, until March 3, 1841, when he declined a re-election; died November 27, 1844. Montgomery, "William, was born at Canton, Pennsylvania, April 11, 1819; received a classical education, graduating at Washington College in 1839; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1842, and commenced practice at Washington, Pennsylvania; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 10,250 votes against 9,411 votes for Jonathan Knight, Republican; was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Con gress, receiving 9,254 votes against 5,798 votes for Jonathan Knight, Republican, serving from Decem ber 7, 1857, to March 3, 1801; died at Washington, Pennsylvania, May 2, 1870. Moor, Wyman B. S., was born at Waterville, Maine, November 3, 1814; received a classical educa tion, graduating at Waterville College ; studied law at Cambridge; was admitted to the bar in 1834, and commenced practice at Bangor ; was a member 1 of the State House of Representatives in 1839; was State attorney-general. 1844-1848 ; was appointed a United- States senator from Maine (in place of John Fair- field, deceased), serving from January 17, 1848, to June 12, 1848, when his successor took his seat; was appointed by President Buchanan consul-general for British America, serving 1857-1801 ; died at Lynch- burg, Virginia, February 10, 1869. Moore, Andrew, was born in Rockbridge Coun ty, Virginia; received an academical education; was elected a representative from Virginia in the First Congress, and was re-elected to the Second, Third, and Fourth Congresses, serving from March 4, 1789, to March 3, 1797; successfully contested the election of Thomas Lewis in the Eighth Congress, serving from March 5, 1804, to November 6, 1804, when he was appointed a United-States senator from Virginia (in place of Wilson Gary Nicholas, resigned); was subsequently elected a United-States senator (in place STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 539 of Abraham B. Venable, resigned), serving from De cember 17, 1804, to March 3, 1809; died May 24, 1821. Moore, Eliakim Hastings, was born in Worcester County, Massachusetts, June 10, 1812; re moved to Athens County with his father s family in 1817; received a common-school education; was county-surveyor of Athens County 1836-1846; was auditor of Athens County 1846-1800 ; was a director and then president for many years of the Athens branch of the State Bank of Ohio, and subsequently of the First National Bank of Athens, which he organized; was appointed in 1862 a collector of in ternal revenue, from which office he was removed by Andrew Johnson in 1866 ; and was elected a repre sentative from Ohio in the Forty-first Congress as a Republican, receiving 13,773 votes against 12,817 votes for Follett, Democrat, serving from March 4, 1869, to March 3, 1871. Moore, Ely, was born in New Jersey; received a public-school education; learned the art of printing: edited a paper at New York devoted to the advance ment of labor ; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-fourth Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty-fifth Congress, receiving 16,673 votes against 15,923 votes for Wheeler, Whig, serving from December 29, 1835, to March 3, 1839; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Twenty-sixth Congress, receiving 18,843 votes against 20,454 votes for James Monroe, Whig; was appointed by President Polk Indian agent, and by President Pierce register of a laud-office in Kansas ; died Janu- arv 26, 1860. Moore, Gabriel, was born in Stokes County, North Carolina ; received an academical education ; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and com menced practice at Huntsville, Alabama; held sev eral local offices ; was elected a representative from Alabama in the Seventeenth Congress ; was re-elect ed to the Eighteenth, Nineteenth, and Twentieth Congresses without opposition; was governor of Alabama 1829-1831 ; was a United-States senator from Alabama, serving December 5, 1831-March 3, 1837 : died at Caddo, Texas, June 9, 1844. Moore, Heman Allen, was born at Plainfield, Vermont, in 1810; received an academical education; studied law at Rochester, New York ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Columbus, Ohio ; was State adjutant-general ; was elected a rep resentative from Ohio in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 4, 1843, to April 3, 1844, when he died at Columbus, Ohio. Moore, Henry B., was born at Goshen, New York. April 13, 1817; removed with his parents to New-York City in 1828; received a public-school edu cation ; was apprenticed to a merchant tailor, and, on attaining his majority, engaged in business on his own account; removed to Philadelphia, and became interested in the marble and mahogany business with Mr. Eckstein, his father-in-law; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-first Congress as a Whig, receiving 6,862 votes against 6,097 votes for Hallowell, Democrat ; was re-elected to the Thirty-second Congress, receiving 5,604 votes against 5,338 votes for Lundy, Democrat, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1853; was for several years State treasurer of Pennsylvania. Moore, Je333 H., was born near Lebanon, St. Clair County, Illinois, April 22, 1817; graduated at McKeudree College, Lebanon, Illinois, in 1842; en tered upon the profession of teaching, which he pur sued for thirteen years, during which time he was at the head of three literary institutions in the West; he also studied law, and was admitted to the bar, but never practised; in 1862 he raised the One Hundred and Fifteenth Illinois Volunteer Infantry, of which he was commissioned colonel ; during the last year of the war he commanded the Second Brigade, First Division, Fourth Army Corps, of the Department of the Cumberland, and in April, 1865, he received the brevet of brigadier-general ; he has been an ordained minister of the Methodist-Episcopal Church since 1849; and he was presiding elder of the Decatur District, Illinois Conference, in 1868, when he was elected a representative from Illinois in the Forty- first Congress as a Republican, receiving 22,321 votes against 17,171 votes for Brewer, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress, receiving 14,089 votes against 13,418 votes for Andrew J. Hunter, Democrat, serving from March 4, 1869, to March 3, 1873. Moore, John, was born in Berkeley County, Virginia, in 1788; received an academical education; removed to Franklin, Louisiana; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1825-1834; was elected a representative from Louisiana in the Twen ty-sixth Congress (in place of Rice Garland, resigned) as a Whig, defeating Whin, Democrat, serving from December 17, 1840, to March 3, 1843 ; was a presiden tial elector on the Taylor and Fillmore ticket in 1849; was again elected to the Thirty-second Congress as a Whig, receiving 5,852 votes against 5,379 votes for Isaac E. Morse, Democrat, serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1853; was a delegate to the State Convention which adopted the ordinance of secession in 1861 ; died at Franklin, Louisiana, June 17, 1867. Moore, Laban T., was born in Cabell County, Virginia, January 13, 1829; received a public-school education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Louisa, Kentucky ; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Thirty-sixth Congress as a National American, receiving 8,505 votes against 8,227 votes for J. W. Moore, Democrat, serving from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 1861. Moore, Nicholas R., was born at Baltimore, Maryland; received a public-school education; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Eighth Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Ninth, Tenth, and Eleventh Congresses, serving from Octo ber 17, 1803, to March 3, 1811; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Twelfth Congress ; was again elected to the Thirteenth Congress, serving from May 24, 1813, to March 2, 1815 ; died at Balti more, Maryland, March 9, 1816. Moore, Oscar P., was born in Ohio; received a public-school education ; resided at Portsmouth ; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirty- fourth Congress as a Republican, receiving 8,865 votes against 4,706 votes for Davis, Democrat, serv ing from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1857; was defeated as the American candidate for the Thirty- fifth Congress, receiving 4,326 votes against 7,403 votes for Miller, Democrat, and 5,633 votes for Hoff man, Republican. Moore, Robert, was born in Washington Coun ty, Pennsylvania; received an academical education; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Fifteenth Congress; was re-elected to the Six teenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1817, to March 3, 1821. Moore, Samuel, was born in Cumberland Coun ty, New Jersey; received an academical education; studied medicine; was licensed, and practised at Doylestown, Pennsylvania ; was elected a representa tive from Pennsylvania in the Fifteenth Congress (in place of Samuel D. Ingham, resigned) as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Congresses, serving from November 16, 1818, to May 20, 1822, when he resigned; died at Doylestown, Pennsylvania, February 18, 1861. Moore, S. McDowell, was born in Virginia; received a public-school education; resided at Lex ington; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Twenty-third Congress as a Whig, receiving 1,757 votes against 1,695 votes for Robert Craig, State- rights Democrat, serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1835 ; was defeated as the Whig candidate for the Twenty-thirdX^ongress by Robert Craig, State- rights Democrat, who received 1,160 majority; served in the Confederate army. Moore, Sydenham, was born in Rutherford 540 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. County, Tennessee; received a classical education, graduating at the University of Alabama; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice at Greeusborough, Alabama; was judge of the Greene-county Court, and then of the Circuit Court; served in the war against Mexico as captain in Colo nel Coffey s regiment of Alabama infantry June, 1846-June, 1847; was elected brigadier-general of Alabama militia; was elected a representative from Alabama in the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, defeating William R. Smith; was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, serving from December 7, 1857, to January 21, 1861, when he retired from the House on the secession of Alabama; entered the Confederate army as colonel of the Eleventh Alabama Infantry, and served through the war. Moore, Thomas, was elected a representative from South Carolina in the Seventh Congress; was re-elected to the Eighth, Ninth, Tenth, Eleventh, and Twelfth Congresses, serving from December 7, 1801, to March 3, 1813 ; was again elected to the Fourteenth Congress, serving from December 4, 1815, to March 3, 1817. Moore, Thomas L., was born in Jefferson County, Virginia; received an academical education; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Sixteenth Congress (in place of George L. Strother, resigned), receiving 1,771 votes against 1,702 votes for Craig; was re-elected to the Seventeenth Congress, receiving 373 majority over Mark A. Smith, serving from November 13, 1820, to March 3, 1823. Moore, Thomas P., was born in Charlotte County, Virginia, in 1795; received a public-school education; was an officer in the war with Great Britain of 1812; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Eighteenth Congress as a Jackson Democrat; was re-elected to the Nineteenth and Twentieth Congresses, serving from December 1, 1823, until March 3, 1829; was appointed by President Jackson minister plenipotentiary to the United States of Colombia March 13, 1829, and served until April 16, 1833 ; returned to Kentucky, and received a certifi cate of election as a representative in the Twenty- third Congress as a Democrat, having received 3,099 votes against 3,055 votes for R. P. Letcher, Whig, but the House, after much discussion, rejected some of the votes given to each candidate, and declared that Letcher had eleven majority; was appointed lieutenant-colonel of the Third United-States Dra goons in the war with Mexico, serving from March 3, 1847, to July 31, 1848; was a delegate from Mercer County to the Kentucky Constitutional Convention of 1849-1850; and died at Harrodsburg, Kentucky, July 21, 1853. Moore, William, was born in Montgomery County, Pennsylvania, December 25, 1810; received a public-school education; was interested in mercan tile pursuits and iron-works; was judge of the Court of Common Pleas for Atlantic County from 1855 to 1865 ; was elected to the Fortieth Congress as a Re publican, receiving 12,468 votes against 9,108 votes for Slape, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress, receiving 15,214 votes against 11,539 votes for Bayard, Democrat, serving from March 4, 1867, to March 3, 1871; died at May s Landing, New Jersey, April 2(5, 1878. Moore, William S., was born at West Bethle hem, Pennsylvania, November 18, 1822; graduated at Washington College in 1847; studied law; was chosen prothonotary of Washington County in 1854 ; has been engaged in the newspaper business since 1857; and was elected a representative from Pennsyl vania in the Forty-third Congress as a Republican, receiving 14,195 votes against 13,1(59 votes for W. McClelland, Democrat, serving from December 1, 1*73. to March 3, 1875. Moorhead, James Kennedy, was born at Halitax, Pennsylvania, September 7, 1806; received a common-school education; served an apprentice ship to the tanner s business, after which he became a canal contractor, and then superintendent and su pervisor on the Juniata Canal ; in 1835 he projected and established the first passenger packet-line on the Pennsylvania Canal ; he was appointed adjutant-gen eral of Pennsylvania in 1838; he constructed the Monongahela navigation, and has been president of the company for twenty-one years; he was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Republican, receiving 6,539 votes against 4,879 votes for Burke, Democrat; was re- elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress, receiving 10,507 votes against 6,631 votes for Kerr, Democrat ; was re-elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, receiv ing 8,037 votes against 5,678 votes for Hamilton, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Con gress, receiving 11,233 votes against 7,013 votes for James H. Hopkins, Democrat ; and was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, receiving 12,720 votes against 9,655 votes for Sweitzer, Democrat, serving from De cember 5, 1859, to March 3, 1869. Morehead, Charles S., was born in Nelson County, Kentucky, in 1802 ; received a public-school education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Frankfort, Kentucky; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1828 and 1829; was attorney-general of Kentucky 1830-1835 ; was again a member of the State House of Representatives 1838-1842 and 1844, serving the last three years as speaker of the House; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Thirtieth Congress as a Whig, receiving 4,348 votes against 3,148 votes for S. F. J. Trabue, American; was re- elected to the Thirty-first Congress, receiving 5,195 votes against 4,665 votes for S. F. J. Trabue. Ameri can, serving from December 6, 1847, to March 3, 1851 ; was again a member of the State legislature in 1853; was governor of Kentucky in 1855; was a delegate from Kentucky to the Peace Convention held at Washington in 1861; died at Greenville, Mis sissippi, December 23, 1868. Morehead, James T., was born at Covington, Kentucky, May 24, 1797 ; received an academical edu cation; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1818, and commenced practice at Covington, Ken tucky ; was a member of the State House of Repre sentatives 1827-1830; was elected lieutenant-govern or of Kentucky in 1832, and, after the death of Gov ernor Breathitt, became governor 1844-1846; was again a member of the House of Representatives in 1837; was president of the State Board of Internal Improvements 1838-1841 ; was elected a United-States senator from Kentucky as a Whig (in the place of Crittenden, declined), serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1847; returning to Covington, he resumed his practice, and died December 28, 1854. Morehead, James T., was born at Greens- borough, North Carolina; received a public-school education; was elected a representative from North Carolina in the Thirty-second Congress as a Whig, receiving no opposition, serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1853. Morey, Prank, was born at Boston, Massachu setts, July 11, 1840; was educated in the Boston public schools; removed to Illinois in 1857, where his study of law was interrupted by entering the Union army in 1801 in the Thirty-third Illinois In fantry; served till the close of the war, principally on staff duty, with the rank of captain; settled in Louisiana in 1866, in which State he had been sta tioned for two years while in military service, and engaged in cotton-planting and the insurance busi ness; was a member of the General Assembly of Louisiana in 1868 and 1869; was appointed a com missioner to revise the statutes and codes of the State ; was a commissioner to the Vienna Exposition in 1873 ; was elected a representative from Louisiana in the Forty-first Congress as a Republican; was re- elected to the Forty-second Congress, receiving 9,521 votes against 6,713 votes for J. D. Walkins, Demo crat; was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress, STATISTICAL SKETCHES. receiving 14,060 votes against 8,507 votes for G. W. McCranie, Democrat ; and was re-elected to the For ty-fourth Congress as a Republican, receiving 12,279 votes against 11,033 votes for William B. bpencer, Democrat. Morgan, Charles Henry, was born in Alle- ghuny County, New York; was educated in Wisconsin at common schools, and at the High School at Fond du Lac; enlisted in the Union army as a private in the First Wisconsin Infantry upon the first call for troops in 1861, and was sergeant and sergeant-major of that regiment; was promoted in August, 1862, to be second lieutenant in the Twenty-first Wisconsin Infantry, and was subsequently promoted to be first lieutenant and captain, holding the last rank when the regiment was mustered out at the close of the war; studied law; graduated at the Albany (New York) Law School in 1866, and commenced prac tice at Lamar, Mississippi; was prosecuting-attor- ney; was a member of the State legislature of Mis souri in 1873 and 1874; was elected to the Forty- fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 12,869 votes against 10,640 votes for C. W. Thrasher, Re publican ; and was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Con gress, receiving 18,081 votes against 17,357 votes for H. E. Havens, Republican, serving from December 6, 1875. Morgan, Christopher (brother of Edwin B. Morgan), was born at Aurora, New York, June 4, 1808; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1830; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Auburn, New York, as the partner of William H. Seward ; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-sixth Congress as a Whig, receiving 4,631 votes against 4,464 votes for W. H. Noble, Democrat; was re- elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress, receiving 5,148 votes against 4,935 votes for Peter Yawger, Democrat, serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1843; was defeated as the Whig candidate for the Twenty-eighth Congress, receiving 6,686 votes against 7,177 votes for Rathbun, Democrat, and 486 votes for Cuyler, Abolitionist; was secretary of state of the State of New York 1848-1852 ; was mayor of Auburn in 1860; was for many years a trustee of the State Lunatic Asylum at Utica; died at Auburn, New York, April 3, 1877. Morgan, Daniel, was born in Hunterdon Coun ty, New Jersey, 1733; was a farm-laborer; removed to Virginia, where he was employed as an overseer; entered the army commanded by General Braddock in 1755 as a wagoner; entered the Continental army, and served through the Revolution, attaining the rank of brigadier-general ; retired, after the war, to his estate, known as "Saratoga," near Winchester; commanded the Virginia militia ordered out by Presi dent Washington in 1794 to suppress the Whiskey Insurrection in Pennsylvania; was a candidate for election to the Fourth Congress, but was defeated; was elected to the Fiftli Congress as a Federalist, defeating Robert Rutherford, who unsuccessfully contested the seat, and served from May 15, 1797, to March 3, 1799; his health failing, he declined a re election, and died at Winchester, Virginia, July 6, 1802. Morgan, Edwin B. (brother of Christopher Morgan), was born at Aurora, Cayuga County, New York, May 2, 1806 ; received a public-school educa tion ; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-third Congress as a Republican, receiving 9,150 votes against 8,99o votes for How, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress, receiv ing 7,684 votes against 6,910 votes for Middleton, American, and 1,296 votes for Aldrich, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving 12,631 votes against 3,085 votes for Richmond, Dem ocrat, and 3,644 votes for Fosgatt, American, serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1859. Morgan, Edwin D., was born at Washington, Massachusetts, February 8, 1811 ; received a public- school education ; engaged in the grocery business in Hartford, Connecticut, and afterwards in the city of New York; was a member of the city council of Hartford in 1832; was an alderman of New- York City in 1849 ; was a member of the State Senate of New York 1850-1853; was State commissioner of emigration 1855-1858; was chairman of the Repub lican National Committee 1856-18(54; was chairman of the Union Congressional Committee in 1864; was governor of the State of New York in 1859-1862 ; was major-general of volunteers from September 28, 1861, to January 1, 1863, rendering efficient service in re cruiting troops at the commencement of the war for the suppression of the Rebellion, and down to the close of its second year, at which time he had raised, and to a large extent equipped, 220,000 volunteers; was elected United-States senator from New York as a Union Republican (to succeed Preston King, Repub lican), serving from March 4, 1863, to March 3, 1869. Morgan, George W., was born at Washing ton, Pennsylvania, September 20, 1820; left college in 1836; enlisted in a company commanded by his brother, and went to assist Texas in gaining her independence, in which service he rose to the rank of Captain ; returning to the United States, he stud ied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in 1843 at Mt. Vernon, Ohio; in 1846 he commanded the Second Ohio Volunteers in the Mexi can war until the expiration of its term of service under General Taylor ; in the winter of 1846-1847 he was appointed colonel of the new Fifteenth Infantry, which he commanded, under General Scott, until the close of the war ; for his services at the battles of Contreras and Churubusco he was brevetted a brigadier-general in the regular army; in 1855 he was appointed consul at Marseilles; in 1858 he was ap pointed minister resident at Lisbon ; on the breaking out of the Rebellion, as brigadier-general of volun teers he had command of the Seventh Division of the Army of the Ohio ; was with General Sherman at Vicksburg; was assigned to the Thirteenth Army Corps, and was in command at the taking of Fort Hindman in Arkansas; and, on account of his loss of health, resigned his command in 1863; in 1865 he was the unsuccessful Democratic candidate for gov ernor of Ohio ; claimed to have been elected a repre sentative from Ohio to the Fortieth Congress as a Democrat, but the House gave the seat to Columbiis Delano, Whig; was elected to the Forty-first Con gress as a Democrat, receiving 14,614 votes against 12,980 votes for Charles Cooper, Republican; was re- elected to the Forty-second Congress, receiving 14,194 votes against 12,047 votes for C. W. Patwin, Repub lican ; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Forty-third Congress, receiving 13.146 votes against 13,573 votes for James W. Robinson, Repub lican, and 229 votes for C. W. Townsend, Prohibi tionist ; was a delegate at large to the National Dem ocratic Convention at St. Louis in 1876. Morgan, James, was born at Amboy, New Jersey, in 1756; received a public-school education; served as an officer in the New-Jersey line during the Revolutionary war ; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Twelfth Congress as a Feder alist, serving from November 4, 1811, to March 3, 1813; became a major-general of militia; died at South Amboy, New Jersey, September 14, 1822. Morgan, John J. (father-in-law of John A. Dix), was born in Queen s County, New York, in 1769 ; received an academical education ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1819; was elected a representative from New York in the Seven teenth Congress as a Democrat ; was re-elected to the Eighteenth Congress, serving from December 3, 1821, to March 3, 1825 ; was again elected to the Twenty- third Congress (in place of Cornelius W. Lawrence, resigned) as a Democrat, serving from December 1, 1834, to March 3, 1835 ; was again a member of the State House of Representatives in 1836 and 1840; died at Port Chester, New York, July 29, 1849. 542 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Morgan, John T., was born at Athens, Ten nessee, June 20, 1824; received an academic educa tion, chiefly in Alabama, to which State he emigrated when nine years old, and has since resided there; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1845, and practised until his election to the Senate; was a presidential elector in 18(50 for the State at large, and voted for Breckinridge and Lane ; was a delegate in 1801 from Dallas County to the State Convention which passed the ordinance of secession; joined the Confederate army in May, 1801, as a private in Com pany I, Cahawba Rifles, and, when that company was assigned to the Fifth Alabama Regiment under Colo nel "Robert E. Rodes, he was elected major, and afterward lieutenant-colonel, of that regiment; was commissioned in 1802 as colonel, and raised the Fifty- first Alabama Regiment; was appointed brigadier- general in 1803, and assigned to a brigade in Virginia, but resigned to rejoin his regiment, whose colonel had been killed in battle; later in 1803 he was again appointed brigadier-general, and assigned to an Ala bama brigade, which included his regiment; after the war he resumed the practice of his profession at Selma; was chosen a presidential elector for the State at large in 1870, and voted for Tilden and Hendricks; was elected to the United-States senate as a Demo crat (to succeed George Goldthwaite, Democrat), and took his seat March 5, 1877; his term of service will expire March 3, 1883. Morgan, William S., was born in Monongalia County, Virginia, September 7, 1801; received a pub lic-school education, and was reared on a farm ; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Twenty- fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 303 major ity over E. C. Wilson, Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-fifth Congress, serving from December 7, 1835, to March 3, 1839; was appointed a clerk in the House of Representatives in 1840; was a member of the State House of Representatives ; was a presiden tial elector on the Polk and Dallas ticket in 1S44; was appointed to a clerkship in the Treasury Depart ment. Morphis, Joseph L., was born in McNairy County, Tennessee, April 17, 1831 ; was brought up as a planter; was a Whig member of the State legis lature of Tennessee in 1859; entered the Confederate army as captain in August, 1801, and served until the surrender ; removed to Mississippi in 1803; was elected to the State Constitutional Convention of Mississippi in 1805 ; was a member of the State legis lature of Mississippi in 1806, 1807, and 1808; and was elected a representative from Mississippi in the Forty- first Congress as a Republican, receiving 9,071 votes against 4,840 votes for Kellogg. Conservative, and I,4u5 votes for Tatum, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress, serving from February 23, 1870, to March 3, 1873; was appointed marshal of the Northern. District of Mississippi by President II ay os. Morrell, Daniel J., was born at North Berwick, Maine, Augusts, 1821; received a public-school edu cation; removed to Philadelphia in 1830; entered a counting-room as clerk, and became interested in business; removed in 1855 to Johnstown, Pennsylva nia, where he manufactured iron; held several local offices ; was elected a representative from Pennsylva nia in the Fortieth Congress as a Republican, receiv ing 11,298 votes against 9,979 votes for Johnston, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress, receiving 12,100 votes against 11,09(5 votes for Linton, Democrat, serving from March 4, 1867, to March 3, 1871; was defeated as the Republican candidate for the Forty-second Congress, receiving 10,324 votes against 10,335 votes for Robert Milton Speer, Demo crat. ^Morril, David Lawrence, was born at Epping, New Hampshire, June 10, 1772; received an academ ical education; studied medicine, and commenced practice at Epping in 1793; turned his attention to theology, and was made pastor of the Congregational Church at Goffstown 1802-1811 ; practised medicine 1807-1830; was a member of the State House of Rep resentatives 1808-1817; was elected a United-States senator from New Hampshire as an Adams Demo crat, serving from December 1, 1817, to March 3, 1823 ; was elected a member of the State Senate, and served 1823-1824; was a candidate for governor of New Hampshire in 1824; there was choice by the people, and he was elected by the convention, and the next two years was elected by the people to the same office; removed in 1831 to Concord, where he edited "The New-Hampshire Observer;" and died January 28, 1849. Morrill, Anson P., was born at Belgrade, Maine, June 10, 1803; received a public-school edu cation; engaged in mercantile and manufacturing pursuits ; was a member of the State House of Repre sentatives; was governor of Maine in 1855; was elect ed a representative from Maine in the Thirty-seventh Congress as a Republican, receiving 12,000 votes against 7,244 votes for Fuller, Democrat, serving from July 4, 1801, to March 3, 1803. Morrill, Justin S., was born at Strafford, Ver mont, April 14, 1810; received an academical educa tion; was a merchant, and afterwards engaged in agricultural pursuits; was elected a representative from Vermont in the Thirty-fourth Congress as a Re publican, receiving 8,380 votes against 5,848 votes for Parker, Democrat, and 2,473 votes for O. L. Shafter and scattering; was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Con gress, receiving 13,095 votes against 4,358 votes for Chase, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving 11,576 votes against 4,800 votes for Chase, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty- seventh Congress, receiving 12,555 votes against 3,295 votes for Davenport, Democrat ; was re-elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, receiving 11,358 votes against 4,785 votes for Davenport, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiving 12,409 votes against 4,793 votes for Ormsby, Democrat, serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1807 ; was elected a United-States senator from Vermont, serving from March 4, 1807; his term of service will expire March 3, 1879. Morrill, Lot M., was born at Belgrade, Maine, May 3, 1815 ; was a student of Waterville College, Maine; studied and practised law; was a member of the State legislature in 1854 and 1850, presiding over the Senate the last year; was governor of Maine in 1858, 1859, and 1800; was elected United-States sen ator from Maine as a Republican (to fill the vacancy created by the election of Hannibal Hamlin to the Vice-Presidency), and took his seat January 17, 1S01 ; was re-elected in 1803; was appointed in December, 1809, and afterward elected by the legislature, to fill the vacancy occasioned by the death of William Pitt Fesseriden; was re-elected as a Republican in 1871, and his term of service expired March 3, 1877 ; he was appointed by President Hayes collector of customs at Portland in 1877. Morrill, Samuel P., was born at Chesterville, Franklin County, Maine, February 11, 1810; received an academic education, and adopted the profession of a clergyman ; in 1857 he was elected, for five years, register of deeds for Franklin County, and was re- elected to the same office in 1807 ; was elected a rep resentative from Maine in the Forty-first Congress as a Republican, receiving 14,281 votes against 9,653 votes for Garcelon, Democrat, serving from March 4, 1809, to March 3, 1871. Morris, Calvary, was born in Virginia; received a public-school education ; removed to Ohio, and lo cated at Athens; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-sixth and Twenty-seventh Congresses, serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1843. Morris, Charles, was a delegate from Pennsyl vania to the Continental Congress 1783-1784. Morris, Daniel, was born in Seneca County, STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 543 New York, January 4, 1812 ; received a piiblic-school education; studied law while teaching school; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Penn Yan; was district-attorney for Yates County; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1859; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Republican, re ceiving 11,615 votes against 8,157 votes for Lord, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Con gress, receiving 12,763 votes against 8,962 votes for Barzillai Slosson, Democrat, serving from December 7, 1863, to March 3, 1867. Morris, Edward Joy, was born at Philadel phia, Pennsylvania, July 16, 1815; received a classi cal education, graduating at Harvard College in 1836 ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1841-1843 ; was elected a representative from Penn sylvania in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Whig, receiving 2,855 votes against 2,379 votes for McCully, Democrat, and 1,072 votes for Crouset, Democrat, sen-ing from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1845; was chary e d affaires to Naples January 20, 1850- August 26, 1853 ; was again a member of the State House of Representatives in 1856 ; was chosen a di rector of Girard College; was again elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving 6,411 votes against 6,018 votes for Marshall, Democrat ; and was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving 5,653 votes against 4,030 votes for Martin, Democrat, serving from December 7, 1857, to March 3, 1861 ; was ap pointed by President Lincoln minister resident to Turkey June 8, 1861-October 25, 1870. Published "A Tour through Turkey, Greece, and Egypt;" "The Turkish Empire, Social and Political;" "Life and Love in Norway;" and "Corsica, Social and Po litical." Morris, Gouverneur (brother of Lewis Morris), was born at Morrisiana, New York, January 31, 1752; ?-aduated at King s College (now Columbia), New ork, in 1768; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1771, and commenced practice at New York; was soon after elected a member of the New- York Pro vincial Congress ; was a delegate from New York to the Continental Congress 1787-1788, but was not re- elected ; was appointed assistant financier in 1781, and draughted the act incorporating the Bank of North America; w r as a member of the Convention which framed the Constitution of the United States in 1787 ; went to France in 1788; was appointed minister plenipotentiary by President Washington January 12, 1792; served until August 15, 1794, and returned home in 1796 ; was elected United-States senator from Pennsylvania as a Federalist April 7, 1800 (in the place of James Watson, resigned), and served from May 3, 1800, to March 8, 1803 ; resided for seven years at Philadelphia; removed to New York, and was ap pointed chairman of the canal commission in 1810; died at Morrisiana, New York, November 6, 1816. He published "Eulogies on Washington, Hamilton, and Clinton," and several pamphlets on financial matters. Selections from his papers, with a sketch of his life, were edited by Jared Sparks. Morris, Isaac N. (son of Thomas Morris, and brother of Jonathan D. Morris), was born in Ohio January 22, 1812; received an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1835, and commenced practice at Quincy, Illinois, in 1836 ; was appointed secretary of state for Illinois in 1840, but declined; was chosen president of the Illinois and Michigan Canal Company in 1841 ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1846; was elected a representative from Illinois in the Thirty- fifth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 12,059 votes against 10,294 votes for Grimshaw, Republican ; was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving 13,529 votes against 11,648 votes for Grimshaw, Re publican, serving from December 7, 1857, to March 3, 1861 ; was appointed a commissioner for the Pacific Railroad in 1869. Morris, James R. (son of Joseph Morris), was born in Greene County, Pennsylvania, January 10, 1820; received a public-school education; was taken by his father to Ohio; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1848; was elected a rep resentative from Ohio in the Thirty-seventh Congress as a Democrat, receiving 9,609 votes against 8,570 votes for Theaker, Republican ; was re-efected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, receiving 10,332 votes against 9,183 votes for Cutler, Republican, serving from July 4, 1861, to March 3, 1865; was defeated as the Demo cratic candidate for the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiv ing 9,564 votes against 12,847 votes for T. A. Plants, Republican. Morris, Jonathan D. (son of Thomas Morris, and brother of Isaac N. Morris), was born in Ohio; received an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Ba- tavia; served for twenty years as clerk of the courts of Clermont County; whs elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirtieth Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-first Congress, receiving 7,135 votes against 3,583 votes for Joliff, Free-Soiler, serving from December 6, 1847, to March 3, 1851; died at Connersville, Indiana, May 16, 1875. Morris, Joseph (father of James R. Morris), was born in Greene County, Pennsylvania, October 16, 1795; received a public-school education; learned the wheelwright s trade, and worked at it until he was twenty-five years of age; was sheriff of Greene Coun ty in 1824; removed in 1829 to Woodsfield, Ohio, where he engaged in mercantile pursuits; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1833 and 1834; was treasurer of Monroe County ; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Twenty- eighth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 5,321 votes against 4,617 votes for Cowen, Whig, and 535 votes for Lee, Abolitionist; was re-elected to the Twenty- ninth Congress, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1847; died at Woodsfield, Ohio, October 23, 1854. Morris, Lewis (brother of Gouverneur Morris), was born at Morrisiana, New York, in 1726; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1746; devoted himself to agricultural pursuits; was a delegate from New York to the Continental Con gress 1775-1777 ; held the commission of major-gener al of militia died at Morrisiana January 22, 1798. Morris, Lewis R., was born in Vermont in 1753; received a public-school education; was elected a representative from Vermont in the Fifth Congress ; was re-elected to the Sixth and Seventh Congresses, serving from May 15, 1797, to March 3, 1803. Morris, Mathias, was born at Hilltown, Penn sylvania, in 1785; received a good English education; resided at Doylestown ; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-fourth Congress as a Whig, defeating Chapman Henry by 706 majority; was re-elected to the Twenty-fifth Congress, defeat ing Ruckman, Democrat, serving from December 7, 1835, to March 3, 1839; was defeated as the Whig candidate for the Twenty-sixth Congress, receiving 4,138 votes against 4,446 votes for John Davis, Dem ocrat; died at Doylestown, Pennsylvania, November 9, 1839. Morris, Robert, was born at Liverpool, Eng land, January 20, 1733; came in 1747 to Oxford, Maryland, where his father had preceded him ; re ceived an academic education; was placed in the counting-room of Charles Willing at Philadelphia; went on several voyages as supercargo, and, on the death of Mr. Willing in 1754, entered into partner ship with his son ; was a delegate from Pennsylvania to the CoAtinental Congress, and a signer of the Dec laration of Independence; rendered important aid to the Revolutionary army by procuring funds for its use, and was superintendent of finance 1781-1784; was a member of the Pennsylvania legislature 1786; was a delegate from Pennsylvania to the convention which framed the Federal Constitution 1787; was a United-States senator from Pennsylvania 1789-1795 ; CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. was offered and declined the position of secretary of the treasury by President Washington; engaged in unsuccessful land speculations, which were the cause of his passing the latter years of his life in a debtor s jail; suffered much with attacks of the asthma, and died at Philadelphia May 7, 1806. Morris, Samuel W., was born in Pennsylvania iu 1788; received an academical education; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice at Wellsborough ; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty-sixth Con gress, receiving 5,150 votes against 4,550 votes for William Willard, Whig, serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1841; died at Wellsborough, Penn sylvania, May 25, 1847. Morris, Thomas, resided in Canandaigua; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1794-1790; was elected a representative from New York in the Seventh Congress, serving from Decem ber 7, 1801, to March 3, 1803. Morris, Thomas (father of Isaac N. Morris and Jonathan D. Morris), was born in Virginia January 3, 177(5; received a public-school education; removed when nineteen years of age to Ohio, and finally located at Bethel ; was a member of the State Senate or House of Representatives 1806-1830; was chief judge of Ohio 1830-1833; was elected a United-States senator from Ohio as a Democrat, serving from De cember 2, 1833, to March 3, 1839; died at Bethel, Ohio, December 7, 1844. His life and writings were published by his son, Rev. B. F. Morris. Morrison, G-eorge "W., was born in Vermont; received a public-school education ; removed to Man chester, New Hampshire ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and practised ; was elected a representa tive from New Hampshire in the Thirty-first Con gress (in place of James Wilson, resigned) as a Dem ocrat, receiving 8,240 votes against 6,119 votes for Perkins, Whig, and serving from December 2, 1850, to March 3, 1851 ; was defeated as the Democratic can didate for the Thirty-second Congress, receiving 7,777 votes against 8,715 votes for Perkins, Whig and Free- Soiler; was again elected to the Twenty-third Con gress, receiving 9,050 votes against 4.353 votes for Hughes, Whig, and 2.822 votes for Preston, Free- Soiler, serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Thirty-fourth Congress, receiving 8,650 votes against 12,129 votes for M. W. Tappan, American. Morrison, James L. D. , was born in Illinois ; received an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Belleville; served in the Mexican war as lieutenant- colonel of BisselPs regiment of Illinois volunteers July 1, 1846-July 1, 1847; was a member of the State Senate of Illinois in 1854; was elected a representa tive from Illinois in the Thirty-fourth Congress (in place of Lytnan Trumbull, elected senator) as an Old- Line Whig, receiving 10,756 votes against 8,239 votes fur Thomas, Republican, and serving from December 1, 1850, to March 3, 1857. Morrison, John A., was born in Pennsylvania; received a public-school education ; resided at Coch- ransville ; was elected a representative from Pennsyl vania in the Thirty-second Congress as a Democrat, receiving 4,671 votes against 4,601 votes for Dickey, Whig, serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1853. Morrison, William R., was born in Monroe County, Illinois, September 14, 1825; was reared on a farm; received a common-school education, and was afterwards a student at McKendree Col lege, Illinois ; served in the Mexican war as a private in Colonel Bissell s regiment of Illinois vol unteers; was clerk of the Circuit Court of Monroe County 1852-1854; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1855, and commenced practice at Waterloo ; was a member of the State House of Representa tives 1854-1860, serving as speaker the last two years; served in the Union army as colonel of the Forty- ninth Illinois Infantry, which he commanded at Fort Donelson, where he was severely wounded; was elected a representative from Illinois in the Thirty- eighth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 10,999 votes against 6,854 votes for Smith, Republican, serving from December 7, 1863, to March 3, 1865; was de feated as the Democratic candidate to the Thirty- ninth Congress, receiving 11,741 votes against 11,817 votes for Jehu Baker, Unionist; was defeated as the Democratic candidate to the Fortieth Congress, re ceiving 11,956 votes against 13,032 votes for Jehu Baker, Republican; was again elected a member of the State House of Representatives 1870-1871 ; was again elected to the Forty-third Congress as a Demo crat, receiving 13,215 votes against 11,316 votes for J. B. Hay, Republican; was re-elected to the Forty- fourth Congress, receiving 13,080 votes against 8,438 votes for John J. Rinaker, Republican ; was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 17,036 votes against 13,029 votes for Henry S. Baker, Republican, serving from December 1, 1873. Morrissey, John, was born in Tipperary Coun ty, Ireland, February 12, 1831 ; came to this country in 1833 with his parents, who settled at South Troy, New York; received a limited public-school educa tion ; worked as a moulder in an iron-f oundery ; went to New York in the presidential campaign of 1848 as an anti-Tammany shoulder-hitter; went to Cali fornia in 1851 ; fought a prize-fight at Mare Island with Thompson for $2,000 a side, and won; returned to New York, and fought a prize-fight at Boston Four Corners October 12, 1853, with Yankee Sullivan, for $1,000 a side, and won after thirty-seven rounds; fought a prize-fight at Long-Point Island, Canada, October 20, 1858, with John C. Heenan, for 2,500 a side, and won on the eleventh round ; retired from the prize-ring, and became the proprietor of gambling- houses at New York arid at Saratoga ; purchased the controlling interest in the Saratoga race-course in 1863; was elected a representative from New York in the Fortieth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 9,162 votes against 6,503 votes for Nelson Taylor, Independent Democrat, and 2,293 votes for Eneas Elliott, Republican; was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress, receiving 16,064 votes against 4,494 votes for J. M. McCartin, Independent Democrat, and 2,583 votes for George Francis Train, Republican; engaged in New-York politics as an opponent of Tammany Hall ; was elected to the State Senate of New York in 1875, and was re-elected in 1877 ; visited Florida for his health, and returned to die at Sara toga Springs May 1, 1878. Morrow, Jeremiah, was born in Pennsylvania in 1770; received a public-school education; removed to the North-west Territory (now the State of Ohio) in 1795; was a member of the Territorial House of Representatives in 1800; was elected the first repre sentative from the State of Ohio in the Eighth Con gress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Ninth, Tenth, Eleventh, and Twelfth Congresses, serving from October 17, 1803, to March 3, 1813; was elected a United-States senator from Ohio, serving from May 24, 1813, to March 3, 1819; was a presidential elector on the Monroe ticket in 1821 ; was governor of Ohio 1822-1826; was State canal commissioner; was again elected to the Twenty-sixth Congress (in place of Thomas Corwin, resigned) as a Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress, serving from December 7, 1840, to March 3, 1843; died at Twenty-mile Stand, Ohio, March 22, 1852. Morrow, John, was elected a representative from Virginia in the Ninth Congress ; was re-elected to the Tenth Congress, serving from December 2, 1805, to March 3, 1809. Morse, Freeman H., was born at Bath, Maine, February 18, 1807; received a public-school educa tion ; was a member of the State House of Represen tatives 1840-1844; was mayor of Bath; was elected a representative from Maine in the Twenty-eighth STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 545 Congress as a Whig, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1845 ; was again a member of the State House of Representatives 1853 and 1856; was again elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Republican, receiving 13,75J votes against 7,378 votes for David Bronson, Coalition; and was re-elected to the Thirty- sixth Congress, receiving 10,552 votes against 6,990 votes for Gile, Democrat, serving from December 7, 1857, to March 3, 1861 ; was a member of the Peace Congress of 1801 ; was appointed by President Lin coln consul at London. Morse, Isaac Edward, was born at Attakapas, Louisiana, May 22, 18l>9; received a military and clas sical education at the academies of Captain Partridge and at Harvard College, graduating at the latter in stitution in 1829; studied law at New Orleans, and at Paris, France ; was admitted to the bar, and com menced practice at New Iberia; was a member of the State Senate; was elected a representative from Louisiana in the Twenty-eighth Congress (in place of Peter E. Bossier, deceased) as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty-ninth Congress; was re-elected to the Thirtieth Congress, receiving 4,138 votes against. 3,604 votes for Waddell, Whig; was re-elected to the Thirty-first Congress, receiving 4,996 votes against 4,521 votes for Ogden, Whig, serving from December 2, 1844, to March 3, 1851 ; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Thirty-second Congress, receiving 5,379 votes against 5,852 votes for John Moore, Whig; was attorney- general of Louisiana; was appointed by President Pierce minister to New Granada to demand indem nity for the murder of American citizens crossing the isthmus; followed the fortunes of Louisiana in her secession from the Union; died at New Orleans February 11, 1866. Morse, Leopold, was born at Wachenheim, Bavaria, August 15, 1831 : received a common-school education at Wachenheim; came to the United- States in early life; is a merchant; was twice elected a delegate to the National Democratic Convention ; was twice a candidate for Congress in the Fourth District against Hon. Samuel Hooper ; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Forty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 10,249 votes against 9.215 votes for. Rufus S. Frost, Republican, serving from October 15, 1877. Morse, Oliver Andrew, was born at Cherry Valley, Otsego County, New York, March 26, 1815 ; received a classical education, graduating at Hamil ton College, New York, in 1833; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Cherry Valley; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Repub lican, receiving 10,724 votes against 8,881 votes for Gregory, Democrat, serving from December 7, 1857, to March 3, 1850 ; died at Cherry Valley, New York, April 20, 1870. Morton, Jackson, was born in Virginia; re ceived a public-school education; removed to Pensa- cola, Florida, where he entered into the lumber busi ness; was elected a United-States senator from Florida as a Whig, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1855; was a deputy to the Provisional Congress of the Southern States, which assembled at Montgomery in February, 1861. Morton, Jeremiah, was born in Virginia; re sided at Racoon Ford : was elected a representative from Virginia in the Thirty-first Congress as a Democrat, receiving 2,798 votes against 2,381 votes for John S. Pendleton, Whig, serving from De cember 3, 1849, to March 3, 1851; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Thirty-second Congress, receiving 1,868 votes against 2,367 votes for Strother, Whig. Morton, John, was born at Ridley, Pennsylva nia, in 1724; received a public-school education; was for many years a land-surveyor; was a member of the Colonial General Assembly 1756-1775, serving the last four years as speaker ; was high sheriff 1766- 1770 ; was judge of the Supreme Court of the province ; was a delegate to the Continental Congress from Pennsylvania 1774-1777, and gave the casting vote in the Pennsylvania delegation on the adoption of the Declaration of Independence. Morton, Marcus, was born at Freetown, Mas sachusetts, December 19, 1784; received a classical education, graduating at Brown University in 1804 ; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and com menced practice at Taunton; was clerk of the Massa chusetts Senate in 1811; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Fifteenth Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Sixteenth Congress (defeating Francis Baylies), serving from December 1, 1817, to March 3, 1821 ; was an executive councillor in 1823 ; was elected lieutenant-governor in 1823 ; was a judge of the Supreme Court 1825-1840; was governor of Massachusetts 1840-1841, and again 1843-1844; was appointed by President Polk collector of customs at Boston, serving 1845-1849; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention of 1853; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 18-58; died at Taunton February 6, 1864. Morton, Oliver P., was born in Wayne Coun ty, Indiana, August 4, 1823; was apprenticed to a hatter at the age of fifteen, and worked at the trade four years, spending his leisure in study; entered the Miami University, and graduated in 1843; studied law with John S. Newman; was admitted to the bar in 1847, and commenced practice at Centreville, Indiana; was elected circuit-judge in 1852; was de feated as the Republican nominee for governor in 1856; was elected lieutenant-governor in 1860 with the understanding that General H. S. Lane, who was placed at the head of the ticket, was to be elected to the United-States Senate in the event of Republican success, which plan was carried out, and he became governor of Indiana; was elected governor in 1864; was elected United-States senator as a Union Republican (to succeed Henry S. Lane, Union Re publican), and was re-elected, serving from March 4, 1867, until his death at Indianapolis November 1, 1877. In the fall of 1865 he was stricken down by partial paralysis, from which he never recovered. He was compelled to do his work by secretaries, to be carried in and out of the Senate Chamber, and to address the Senate seated. Moseley, Jonathan Ogden, was born at East Haddam, Connecticut, in 1762; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1780; was elected a representative from Connecticut in the Ninth Congress as a Federalist ; was re-elected to the Tenth, Eleventh, Twelfth, Thirteenth, Fourteenth, Fifteenth, and Sixteenth Congresses, serving from December 2, 1805, to March 3, 1821; removed to Saginaw, Michigan, and died there September 9, 1839. Moseley, William Abbott, received a clas sical education, graduating at Yale College in 1816; resided at Buffalo ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1835, and of the State Senate 1838-1841 ; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Whig, re ceiving 4,826 votes against 4,113 votes for Vosbergh, Democrat, and 367 votes for Phelps, Abolitionist; was re-elected to the Twenty-ninth Congress, receiving 6,810 votes against 5,081 votes for Stevens, Democrat, and 406 votes for Phelps, Abolitionist, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1847; died at New York November 19, 1873. Mott, Gorden N., was born at Zanesville, Ohio, October 21, 1812; received an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1836, and commenced practice at Zanesville; emigrated to Texas during its struggle for independence, and served nine months as a volunteer; returned to Ohio, and resumed practice; raised a company, which he commanded in the Mexican war; removed to Cali fornia in 1849; was elected judge of Sutter County in 1850; was appointed a district-judge hi 1851; was 546 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. appointed a justice of the Supreme Court of Nevada ; was elected a delegate from Nevada Territory in the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Republican, serving from January 11, 18(54, to March 3, 1865. Mott, James, was born in New Jersey ; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Seventh Congress; was re-elected to the Eighth Con gress, serving from December 7, 1801, to March 3, 1805 ; was for many years treasurer of the State of New Jersey ; died at his residence near Shrewsbury, Ne\v Jersey, December 10, 1813. Mott, Richard, was born at Mamaroneclc, NCAV York, July 21, 1804; was educated at the Quaker Seminary in Dutchess County, New York ; engaged in mercantile pursuits; removed to Toledo, Ohio, in 1858, and entered into business there ; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirty-fourth Con gress as a Republican, receiving 8,253 votes against 5,141 votes forCommager, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving 10,018 votes against 9,157 votes for Edgerton, Democrat, and 474 votes for Paige, American, serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1859. Motte, Isaac, was a delegate from South Caro lina to the Continental Congress 1780-1782. Moulton, Mace, was born in New Hampshire ; received a public-school education; was sheriff of Hillsborough County in 1845; was a State councillor in 1848 and 1849; was elected a representative from New Hampshire in the Twenty-ninth Congress, serv ing from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1847. Moulton, Samuel "W., was born at Wenham, Massachusetts, January 21, 1822; received a public- school education; went to the South-West when twenty years of age; taught school; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1847, and commenced practice at Shelbyville, Illinois, in 1850; was a mem ber of the State House of Representatives 1853-1859; was a presidential elector on the Buchanan ticket in 1850; was chosen president of the State Board of Education in 1859; left the Democratic party on the commencement of hostilities in 1861 ; was chosen president of the Grand Council of the Union League in 1863 ; was elected a representative at large from Illinois in the Thirty-ninth Congress as a Republican, receiving 32,611 majority, and serving from December 4, 1805, to March 3, 1807. Mouton, Alexander, was born in Attakapas Parish, Louisiana, November 19, 1804; received a classical education, graduating at Georgetown Col lege, District of Columbia; studied law with Judge Voorhies ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in his native parish (then known as La fayette Parish); was a member of the State House of Representatives 1827-1832; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Twenty-second Con gress by Henry A. Bullard, Whig; was again a mem ber of the State House of Representatives in 1836; was elected a United-States senator from Louisiana (to fill the vacancy occasioned by the resignation of Alexander Porter), serving from February 2, 1837, until he resigned March 1, 1842; was governor of Louisiana 1842-1846; was president of the South western Railroad Convention which met in New Orleans in January, 1852 ; was president of the Vigilance Committee of Lafayette Parish in 1858; was president of the State Convention which voted Louisiana out of the Union January 23, 1861; was defeated, November 29, 1861, at an election held for two senators in the Confederate Congress. Mowry, Daniel, jun., was born at Smithficld, Rhode Island, and resided there; was judge of the r,>urt of Common Pleas; took an active part in E-e-Revolutionary movements; was a delegate from hode Island to the Continental Congress in 1781. Mowry, Sylvester, was born at Providence, Rhode Island, in 1830; received a military education at the United-States Military Academy, graduating in 1852; served in the First United-States Artillery as second and then first lieutenant from July 1, 1852, until he resigned July 31, 1858; engaged in mining in Arizona; was elected by the people of Arizona their delegate in the Thirty-fifth Congress, but the bill creating a Territorial organization failed to become a law, so he never took his seat; was ap pointed by President Buchanan in 1800 a commis sioner to establish the boundary-line between Cali fornia and Nevada, and was superseded by President Lincoln in 1861 on political grounds; was arrested and imprisoned at Fort Yuma on a charge cf dis loyalty, but established his innocence; went abroad for his health, and died at London October 17, 1871. He published " Geography and Resources of Arizona and Sonora." Muhlenberg, Francis Samuel (brother of F. A. Muhlenberg and J. P. G. Muhlenberg), was born at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, April 22, 1795; received an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice: was private secretary to Governor Heister 1820-1823; re moved to Pickaway County, Ohio; was a member of the State House of Representatives; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Twentieth Congress (in place of William Creighton, jun., resigned), serv ing from December 19, 1828, to March 3, 1829. Muhlenberg, Frederick Augustus (brother of F. S. Muhlenberg and J. P. G. Muhlenberg), was born at La Trappe, Pennsylvania, June 2, 1750; re ceived a classical education; studied theology, and was ordained in Germany as a minister of the Lutheran Church; preached in Pennsylvania and New York, which city he left when the British entered; was a delegate from Pennsylvania to the Continental Congress 1779 and 1780; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1780-1783; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Conven tion of 1790; was president of the State Convention called to ratify the Federal Constitution; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the First, Second, Third, and Fourth Congresses, serving from March 4, 1789, to March 3, 1795. Muhlenberg, Henry Augustus (father of Henry Augustus Muhlenberg), was born at Lan caster, Pennsylvania, May 13, 1782 ; received a clas sical education ; studied theology, and was ordained to the Lutheran ministry in 1802; was pastor of Trinity Church at Reading 1802-1828, resigning on account of ill health; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-first Congress as a Jackson Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty- second, Twenty-third, Twenty-fourth, and Twenty- fifth Congresses (defeating, at the last election, Smith, anti-Masonic Whig), serving from December 7, 1829, to February 9, 1838, when he resigned ; was offered by President Van Buren the positions of secretary of the navy and of minister to Russia, both of which he declined ; was minister to Austria February 8, 1838-September 18, 1840 ; was nominated as the Democratic candidate for governor in 1844, but, before the election, he died at Reading, very suddenlv, August 12, 1844. Muhlenberg, Henry Augustus (son of Henry Augustus Muhlenberg), was born at Read ing, Pennsylvania, July, 1823; received a classical education, graduating at Dickinson College; studied law for four years; was admitted to the bar in July, 1844, and commenced practice at Reading; was a member of the State Senate three years; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty- third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 7.543 votes against 3,^476 votes for Reiber, Whig, serving from December 5, 1853, to January 9, 1854, when he died of typhoid-fever at Washington City. He appeared in the House of Representatives but one day, the day on which it was organized. He published the " Life of Major-General John Peter Gabriel Muhlenberg," his uncle. Muhlenberg, John Peter Gabriel (brother of F. A. Muhlenberg and F. S. Muhlenberg), was born at La Trappe, Pennsylvania, October 1, 1746; STATISTICAL SKETCHES. received a classical education; studied theology at Halle, Germany, and was ordained a priest in the Episcopal Church April 21, 1772, by the Bishop of London ; returning home, he was placed in charge of a parish in Virginia; was a member of the Colonial House of Burgesses in 1774; was prominent in pre- Eevolutionary movements ; entered the Revolution ary army as colonel of the Eighth Virginia (German) Regiment, and rose to the rank of brigadier-general, distinguishing himself in several battles ; was elected vice-president of Pennsylvania; was a presidential elector in 1797 ; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the First Congress, serving from March* 4, 1789, to March 3, 1791; was again "elected to the Third Congress, serving from December 2, 1793, to March 3, 1795; was again elected to the Sixth Congress, serving from December 2, 1799, to March 3, 1801 ; was elected a United-States senator from Pennsylvania as a Democrat, but did not take his seat; Avas appointed by President Jefferson super visor of the revenue for the district, of Pennsylvania in 1801, and collector of customs at the port of Philadelphia 1803; died near Schuylkill, Pennsyl vania, October 1, 1807. Muldrow, H. L., Avas born in Lowndes County, Mississippi; graduated at the University of Missis sippi, and received the degree of A.B. in the year 185(3, and the degree of LL.B. in 1S58; was admitted to the bar as attorney and solicitor in 1859; entered the Confederate army in 1861 ; held various positions in the line, and, at the close of the war, surrendered at Forsyth, Georgia, as a colonel of cavalry; held the position of district-attorney for the Sixth Judicial District of Mississippi from 1869 to 1871 ; was elected to the State legislature in 1875; and was elected a representative from Mississippi in the Forty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 20,597 votes against 6,420 votes for James W. Lee, Republican, serving from October 15, 1877. Muiler, Nicholas, was born in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg November 15, 1836; received a common-school education in the cities of Luxem bourg and Metz, and afterward attended the Luxem bourg Athenreum; immigrated to the city of New York, where he was engaged in business as a rail road-ticket agent for over twenty years ; was one of the promoters and original directors of theGermania Bank in the Bowery, New York ; was a member of the State Assembly in 1875 and 1876, and of the State Central Committee in 1875 ; and was elected a representative from New York in the Forty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 15,259 votes against 4,755 votes for James Kerrigan, Independent, serving from October 15, 1877. Mullin, Joseph, was born in Ireland; immi grated to the United States; was elected a repre sentative from New York in the Thirtieth Congress, serving from December 6, 1847, to March 3, 1849. Mullias, James, was born near the Three Forks of Duck River, Bedford County, Tennessee, September 15, 1807; was reared on his father s farm, and educated at public schools; served an apprentice ship to the millwright s trade; was elected colonel of militia in 1831; was high sheriff of Bedford County 1840-1846; was compelled to flee from his home in 1802 011 account of his devotion to the Union; served on the staff of General Rosecrans, and was in several skirmishes and battles between 18G2 and 1804; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1865, and its speaker; attended all National and State Whig, Union, and Republican Conventions after 1840; was elected a representative from Tennessee in the Fortieth Congress as a Repub lican, receiving 9,448 votes against 3,221 votes for Edward Cooper, Democrat, and serving from Novem ber 21, 1867, to March 3, 1869. Mumf ord, George, was born in Rowan County, North Carolina; was a member of the House of Commons of North Carolina in 1810 and 1811 ; was elected a representative from North Carolina in the Fifteenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1817, until his death at Washington December 31. 1818. Mumford, Gurdon S., AV.IS born at New York; received a public-school education; was elected a representative from New York in the Ninth Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Tenth and Eleventh Congresses, serving from December 2, 1805, to March I}. 1811. Mumford, Paul, was born in Rhode Island; was chief justice of the province ; was elected a delegate from Rhode Island to the Continental Con gress in May, 1775, but never took his seat. Mungeri, William, was born at Baltimore, Maryland, May 12, 1821 ; went to Ohio in 1830 ; re ceived a common-school education; studied Latin and German and the physical sciences to some extent at home; studied and practised law; was editor and publisher of The Findlay Democratic Courier;" Avas chosen auditor of Hancock County in 1846, arid again in 1848; was elected to the State Senate of Ohio in 1851; entered the Union army in 1861 as colonel of the Fifty-seventh Ohio Volunteers, which he had raised; (.airing the time he resided in Ohio, held several local offices ; Avas elected a representative from Ohio in the Fortieth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 13,524 votes against 10,872 votes for Walker, Republican; and was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress, receiA ing 15,435 votes against 10,589 votes for Gussell, Republican, serving from March 4, 1867, to March 3, 1871. Munroe, James, Avas born in Virginia ; received a military education, graduating at West Point in 1815; removed to New York; Avas elected a repre sentative from New York in the TAventy-sixth Con gress as a Whig, receiving 20,454 votes against 18,843 votes for Eli Moore, Democrat, and serving from De cember 2, 1839, to March 3, 1841; was defeated as the Whig candidate for the Twenty-seventh Con gress, receiving 20,862 votes against 21,974 votes for Charles G. Ferris, Democrat; remoA-ed to Onondaga County, NeAv York; was a member of the State Senate 1852-1855 ; removed to New Jersey, where he died in 1870. Murfree, William Hardee, Avas born in Hert ford County, North Carolina; received a classical education, graduating at the University of North Carolina in 1801; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Edenton; Avas a member of the House of Commons of North Carolina 1805 and 1812; Avas a presidential elector on the Madison ticket in 1813; Avas elected a representative from North Carolina in the Thirteenth Congress as a War Democrat; and was re-elected to the Fourteenth Con gress, serving from May 24, 1813, to March 3, 1817 ; removed to Tennessee in 1825, and died soon after at Nashville. Murphy, Charles, was born in South Caro lina; removed to Georgia, and resided at Decatur; Avas elected a representative from Georgia in the Thirty-second Congress as a Unionist, receiving 7,750 votes against 5,601 votes for Stellman, State- rights, serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1853. Murphy, Henry C., was born at Brooklyn, New York, in 1810; receiA ed a classical education, graduating at Columbia College in 1830; studied law ; Avas admitted to the bar in. 1833, and commenced practice at Brooklyn; Avas county-attorney of King s County; was mayor of Brooklyn in 1842; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty- eighth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 4,563 votes against 4,214 votes for Sillimaji, Whig, and 61 votes for Whiting, Abolitionist, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1845; Avas defeated as the Demo cratic candidate for the Twenty-ninth Congress, re ceiving 5,686 votes against 6,164 votes for Henry J. Seaman, Whig ; was again elected to the Thirtieth Congress, serving from December 6, 1847, to March 3, 1849; was appointed by President Buchanan min ister to the Netherlands, serving June 1, 1857-June 548 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. 8, 1861. He published several translations arid essays illustrating the early history of New York. Murphy, John, was born at Columbia, South Carolina, in 1780; received a classical education, graduating at the South-Carolina College in 1808 ; was clerk of the Senate of South Carolina 1810-1817; re moved to Alabama in 1818 ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice ; was governor of Alabama 1825-1829; was defeated as the Union can didate for representative in the Twenty-first and Twenty-second Congresses by Dixon H. Lewis, State-rights Democrat; was elected a representative from Alabama in the Twenty-third Congress as a Union Democrat (defeating Dellett, Nullifier, by 600 majority), serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1835; retiring from public life, he died in Clark County, Alabama, September 21, 1841. Murray, Ambrose S., was born in New York; received a public-school education ; resided at Go- shen ; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-fourth Congress as a Republican, receiving 5,209 votes against 4,574 votes for Wood ward, American, and 2,053 votes for Stratton, Demo crat; was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, re ceiving 6,156 votes against 5,581 votes for Fowler, Democrat, and 3,939 votes for Trotter, American, serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1859. Murray, John, was born at Lancaster, Penn sylvania; received a public-school education; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Fifteenth Congress ; was re-elected to the Sixteenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1817, to March 3, 1821. Murray, John L., was born at Wadesborough, Kentucky; received an academical education; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1839. Murray, Thomas, was born in Northumber land County, Pennsylvania; received an academical education ; was elected a representative from Penn sylvania in the Seventeenth Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 3, 1821, to March 3, 1823. Murray, William, was born at Goshen, New York ; received a public-school education ; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-second Congress as a Democrat, receiving 5,810 votes against 5,503 votes for McKissock, Whig; was re-elected to the Thirty-third Congress, receiv ing 7,768 votes against 6,407 votes for Farnhum. Whig, serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1855. Murray, William Vans, was born in Mary land in 1702; received a classical education; studied law in the Temple at London, and, on his return home in 1785, commenced practice ; was a member of the State House of Representatives; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Second Con gress as a Federalist; w as r^-elected to the Third and Fourth Congresses, serving from October 24, 1791, to March 3, 1797; was appointed by President Washington minister resident to the Netherlands, serving March 2, 1797-September 2, 1801; died at Cambridge, Maryland, December 11, 1803. Mutchler, William, was born in Northampton County, Pennsylvania, December 21, 1831; received an academic education ; studied law, and has since practised; was elected prothonotary of his native county in 18(50, and re-elected in 1803; was appointed assessor of internal revenue by President Johnson in March, 1867, and served until May, 1869; was chairman of the Democratic State Committee of Pennsylvania in 1869-1870; and was elected a repre sentative from Pennsylvania in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 13,737 votes against 6,710 votes for Kachline, Independent Democrat, and 644 votes for W. H. Plumer, Repub lican, serving from December 6, 1875, to March 3, 1877. Myers, Amos, was born in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, April 23, 1824; received an academical education ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar in 1846, and commenced practice at Clarion; was ap pointed district-attorney in 1847; was elected a rep resentative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Republican, receiving 12,404 votes against 11,586 votes for Church, Democrat, and serv ing from December 7, 1803, to March 3, 1805. Myers, Leonard, was born at Attleborough, Pennsylvania, November 13, 1827; received a liberal education; studied and practised law; digested the ordinances for the consolidation of the city of Philadelphia; was solicitor for two of the municipal districts of Philadelphia ; was elected a representa tive from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-eighth Con gress as a Republican, receiving 8,285 votes against 8,243 votes for Kline, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiving 11,467 votes against 9,992 votes for Charles Buckwalter, Demo crat; was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, re ceiving 12,520 votes against 11,516 votes for Charles Buckwalter, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty- first Congress, receiving 8,209 votes against 7,960 votes for Moffett, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress, receiving 9,778 votes against 8,453 votes for John Moft ett, Democrat; was re- elected to the Forty-third Congress, receiving 15,751 votes against 10,104 votes for H. A. Vogelbach, Democrat, serving from December 7, 18G3, to March 3, 1875; was defeated as the Republican candidate for the Forty-fourth Congress, receiving 7,579 votes against 10,228 votes for John Robbins, Democrat, and 9,095 votes for Alfred C. Harmer, Republican. Nabers, Benjamin D., was born in Tennes see; received a public-school education; removed to Hickory Flat, Tennessee ; was elected a represen tative from Mississippi in the Thirty-second Con gress as a Unionist, receiving 9,659 votes against 7,155 votes for Thompson, State-rights, serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1853; was de feated as the Whig candidate for the Thirty-third Congress, receiving 8,414 votes against 8.984 votes for D. B. Wright, Democrat; returned to Tennessee; was a presidential elector in 1801 on the Bell and Everett ticket. Nash, Abner, was born in Prince Edward County, Virginia; received a legal education, and practised ; was a member of the House of Commons of North Carolina in 1777, 1778, 1782, and 17S5; was governor of North Carolina 1779-1780, but was de feated when a candidate for re-election by Thomas Burke; was a delegate from North Carolina to the Continental Congress from 1782 until he died, on his way to Philadelphia, at New York, December 2, 1786. Nash, Charles E., was born at Opelousas, Louisiana; received a common-school education at .New Orleans; was a bricklayer by trade; enlisted as private in the Eighty-third Regiment United-States Chasseurs d Afrique April 20, 1863, and was pro moted until he became acting sergeant-major of the regiment ; lost a leg at the storming of Fort Blake- ley, and was honorably discharged from the army May 30, 1865; was elected a representative from Louisiana in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Repub lican, receiving 13,156 votes against 12,085 votes for Joseph M. Moore, Democrat, serving from December 6, 1875, to March 3, 1877; was defeated as the Republican candidate for the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 11,147 votes against 15,520 votes for Edward White Robertson, Democrat. Naudain, Arnold, was born in Delaware; re ceived a classical education, graduating at Princeton College in 1806 ; was elected a United-States senator from Delaware (in place of Louis McLane, resigned) as a Whig, serving from January 13, 1830, to June 16, 1S30, when he resigned; died at Odessa, Dela ware, January 4, 1872. Naylor, Charles, was born in Philadelphia County, Pennsylvania,. October 6, 1806 ; received an. STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 549 academical education ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar in 1828, and commenced practice at Phila delphia; was elected a representative from Pennsyl vania in the Twenty-fifth Congress (m place of Francis J. Harper, deceased) as a Whig, defeating C. J. Ingersoll by 900 majority; was re-elected to the Twenty-sixth Congress, receiving 6,009 votes against 5,894 votes for C. J. Ingersoll, Democrat, serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1841; served in the Mexican war as captain of a company of volunteers, and subsequently as governor of the national palace; died at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, December 24, 1872. Neal, Henry S., was born at Gallipolis, Ohio, August 25, 1828; graduated at Marietta College in 1847; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1851; was elected to the State Senate in 1801, and re-elected in 1863; was appointed consul to Lisbon, Portugal, in 18G9 ; by the resignation of the minister resident, became charge d affaires in December, 1869 ; in July, 1870, resigned , and returned to Ohio ; was elected delegate to the Ohio Constitutional Con vention in 1873; and was elected a representative from Ohio in the Forty-fifth Congress as a Repub lican, receiving 15,213 votes against 14,639 votes for John L. Vance, Democrat, serving from October 15, 1877. Neal, Lawrence Talbott, was born at Parkers- burg, Virginia (now West Virginia), September 22, 1844; was educated at the Asbury Academy at that place; removed to Chillicothe in 1804; studied law there, and was admitted to the bar by the Supreme Court of Ohio in 1866; was solicitor of the city of Chillicothe from April, 1867, to April, 1868, and de clined a re-election ; was elected to the Ohio legisla ture in 1867; served two years, and declined a re election; was elected prosecuting-attorney of Ross County in 1870, and held that office until October, 1872, when he resigned; was elected a representa tive from Ohio in the Forty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 13,379 votes against 12,106 votes for J. T. Wilson, Republican; and was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 11,333 votes against 9,108 votes for Gordon, Repub lican, serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1877. Neale, Raphael, was born in St. Mary s County, Maryland ; resided at Leonardstown ; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Sixteenth Con gress ; was re-elected to the Seventeenth Congress, receiving 207 majority over Stonestreet; was re- elected to the Eighteenth Congress, serving from December 6, 1819, to March 3, 1825; died at Leon ardstown October 19, 1833. Negley, James S., was born in Alleghany County, Pennsylvania, December 22, 1826; was edu cated at the Western University; served in the Mexi can war in the First Pennsylvania Volunteers: entered the Union army as brigadier-general April 19, 1861 ; organized and equipped a brigade of troops, with a battery of artillery, and joined General Sher man with his brigade in October, 1861 ; received special commendation for the manner in which he defended Nashville in 1862 ; was promoted to major- general for defeating Breckinridge s corps at the battle of Stone River, and for gallantry on that field ; participated with credit in the campaigns of Tulla- homa, Alabama, and Georgia, and was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Forty-first Congress as a Republican, receiving 15,175 votes against 10,696 votes for Burt, Democrat; was re- elected to the Forty-second Congress, receiving 11,230 votes against 8,018 votes for J. H. Hopkins, Democrat, and 4,372 votes for Frew, Independent candidate; and was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress, receiving 17,248 votes against 10,930 votes for J. King, Democrat, serving from March 4, 1869, to March s, 1875; was defeated as the Republican candidate for the Forty-fourth Congress, receiving 7,777 votes against 10,091 votes for James H. Hop kins, Democrat, and 213 votes for Thomas Howard, Independent Republican. Neilson, John, was born near New Brunswick, New Jersey, March 11, 1745; received an academic education at Philadelphia; engaged in mercantile pursuits at New Brunswick 1769-1775; entered the Revolutionary army as captain of a company of minute-men in 1775; was appointed colonel, August 31, 1775, of a regiment of minute-men, and was ac tively engaged in repelling British inroads until September, 1780, when he was made deputy quarter master-general for New Jersey ; was a delegate from New Jersey to the Continental Congress 1778-1779; was a delegate to the State Convention to ratify the Federal Constitution; died near New Brunswick, New Jersey, March 3, 1833. Nelson, Homer A., was born at Poughkeepsie, New York, August 31, 1829; received an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Poughkeepsie; was judge of Dutchess County 1S59-1861 ; entered the Union army as colonel of the One Hundred and Fifty-ninth New-York Volunteer Infantry, which he resigned in 1863 ; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, receiv ing 10,712 votes against 9^512 votes for Beale, Repub lican, serving from December 7, 1863, to March 3, 1865 ; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiving 11,559 votes against 12,229 votes for John H. Ketcham, Repub lican; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention of 1867 ; was secretary of state of the State of New York 1867-1870. Nelson, Hugh, was born in Virginia; received an academical education; was a member of the State House of Representatives, and its speaker; was a judge of the General Court; was a presidential elector on the Pinckney ticket in 1809; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Twelfth Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirteenth, Fourteenth, Fifteenth, Sixteenth, and Seventeenth Congresses, serving from November 4, 1811, to Jan uary 14, 1823, when he resigned ; was minister to Spain January 15, 1823-November 23, 1824; died at his country-seat, in Albemarle County, Virginia, March 18, 1836. Nelson, Jeremiah, was born at Rowley, Mas sachusetts, September 14, 1769; received a classical education, graduating at Dartmouth College in 1790 ; engaged in mercantile pursuits at Newburyport, Massachusetts; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Ninth Congress as a Federalist, serving from December 2, 1805, to March 3, 1807; was again elected to the Fourteenth, Fifteenth, Six teenth, Seventeenth, and Eighteenth Congresses, serving from December 4, 1815, to March 3, 1825; was again elected to the Twenty-second Congress, serving from December 0, 1832, to March 2, 1833; died at Newburyport, Massachusetts, October 2, 1838. Nelson, John (son of Roger Nelson), was born at Frederick Town, Maryland, June 1, 1791 ; received a classical education, graduating at William and Mary College in 1811; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1813, and commenced practice at Frederick Town, Maryland ; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Seventeenth Congress, serving from Decembers, 1821, to March 3, 1823; was appointed minister to Naples, serving October 24, 1831-October 15, 1832; was appointed attorney-general of the Unit ed States by President Tyler, serving July 1, 1843- March 3, 1845 ; died at Baltimore, Maryland, January 8, 1860. Nelson, Roger (son of John Nelson), was born at Frederick Town, Maryland ; served in the Revolu tionary war, attaining the rank of brigadier-general, and was severely wounded at the battle of Camden ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Frederick Town; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Eighth Congress (in place of Daniel Heister, deceased) ; was re-elected to the 550 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Ninth, Tenth, and Eleventh Congresses, serving from November 6, 1804, to May 14, 1810, when he resigned to accept the appointment of associate justice of the Fifth Judicial Circuit of Maryland (in the place of W. Clagett, deceased); died at Frederick Town, Maryland, June 7, 1815. Nelson, Thomas, jun., was born at York, Vir ginia, December 2(5, 1738; received a classical educa tion, graduating at Trinity College, England; while on his passage home, he was elected, although scarce of age, a member of the House of Burgesses; was a member of the First Provincial Convention at Wil- liamsburg in August, 1774; was a delegate from Virginia to the Continental Congress 1775-1777; was appointed, in August, 1777, commander of the State forces, and raised a company of cavalry, with which he repaired to Philadelphia; was again a delegate in the Continental Congress 1779-1780; was governor of Virginia 1781, and participated in the siege of Yorktown ; his constitution having become impaired, he passed the remainder of his days in retirement and poverty, dying near Yorktown, Virginia, Janu- arv 4, 1789. Nelson, Thomas A. R., was born in East Tennessee; received an academical education; stud ied law ; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Knoxville, Tennessee; was a presidential elector on the Taylor and Fillmore ticket in 1848; was ap pointed by President Fillmore commissioner to China March 6, 1851, but did not go there, and resigned July 2, 1851; was elected a representative from Tennessee in the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Unionist, receiving 7,931 votes against 7,827 votes for Haynes, Democrat, serving from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 18G1 ; was re-elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress, but prevented by the Confederates from going to Washington to take his seat; was a delegate from Tennessee to the National Union Convention at Philadelphia in 1866; was one of President John son s counsel before the Senate sitting as a court of impeachment in 18(i8; was a delegate from Tennessee to the National Democratic Convention at New York July 4, 1868; died at Knoxville, Tennessee, August 8, 1873. Nelson, Thomas M., was born in Virginia in 1782; served in the war of 1812 as captain of the Tenth Regular Infantry, and major of the Thirtieth and the Eighteenth Infantry; was reduced to the rank of captain on the re-organization of the army after the war, and resigned May 15, 1815 ; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Fourteenth Congress (in place of Thomas Gholson, deceased) as a Democrat ; was re-elected to the Fifteenth Congress, serving from December 4, 1816, to March 3, 1819; declined a re-election ; died near Columbus, Georgia, November 10, 1853. Nelson, William, was born at Clinton, New York, June 29, 1784; received an academical educa tion; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1807, and commenced practice at Peekskill, New York; was district-attorney for the counties of Putnam, Rockland, and Westchester for thirty years ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1819 and 1820, and of the State Senate in 1823; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirtieth Congress as a Whig; was re-elected to the serving from December 6, 1847, to March 3, 1851; died at Peekskill, New York, October 2, 1869. Nes, Henry, was born at York, Pennsylvania, in 1799; received a liberal education; studied medi cine, and practised for many years; filled several local offices; was elected a representative from Penn sylvania in the Twenty-eighth Congress as an Inde pendent, receiving 4,016 votes against 3,413 votes for Small, Democrat, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1845 ; was again elected to the Thirtieth Congress as a Whig; and was re-elected to the Thirty- first Congress, receiving 6,599 votes against 5.989 votes for J. C. Danner, Democrat, serving from De cember 6, 1847, to September 10, 1850, when he died at York, Pennsylvania. Nesbitt, William, of Spartanburg, was elected a representative from South Carolina in the Fifteenth Congress, defeating James McKidden and William Rice, serving from December 1, 1817, to March 3, 1819. Nesmith, James W., Avas born in Washington County, Maine, July 23, 1820; he was taken when young to New Hampshire, then to Ohio, then to Missouri, receiving no education, and in 1843 he crossed the plains to Oregon ; was the captain in 1848, and again in 1853, of expeditions against hostile Indians; was appointed United-States marshal for Oregon in 1853, but resigned in 1855 to command a regiment of volunteers; was appointed superintend ent of Indian affairs for Oregon and Washington Territories in 1857 ; was elected to the Senate of the United States, taking his seat March 4, 1861, and serving six years ; was appointed minister to Austria, but the nomination was not confirmed; settled in Oregon as a farmer and stock-raiser; was road-super visor in Polk County in 1868, and was elected a rep resentative from Oregon in the Forty-third Congress as a Democrat (to fill the vacancy occasioned by the death of J. G. Wilson), receiving 8,193 votes against 6,123 votes for H. Smith, Republican, serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1875. Neville, Joseph, was born in 1730 ; served in the Revolutionary army; was a commissioner to run the bgundary-line between Virginia and Pennsyl vania; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Third Congress, serving from December 2, 1793, to March 3, 1795 ; died in Hardy County, Vir ginia, March 4, 1819. New, Anthony, was born in Gloucester County, Virginia, in 1747 ; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Third Congress as a Democrat ; was re-elected to the Fourth, Fifth, Sixth, Seventh, and Eighth Congresses, serving from December 2, 1793, to March 3, 1805; removed to Elkton, Kentucky; was again elected a representative from Kentucky in the Twelfth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 2,675 votes against 738 votes for Matthew Lyon, Federal ist, serving from November 4, 1811, to March 3, 1813; was again elected to the Fifteenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1817, to March 8, 1819; was again elected to the Seventeenth Congress, serving from Decembers, 1821, to March 3, 1823; died near Elk- ton, Todd County, Kentucky, March 2, 1833. New, Jeptha D., was born at Vernon, Indiana, November 28, 1830; was educated at Vernon Acade my and Bethany College, Virginia; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised until 1864, serving two years of that time as district prosecuting-attor- ney; was elected in 1864 judge of the District Court of Common Pleas, and served until the expiration of his term in 1868, when he resumed practice ; and was elected a representative from Indiana in the Forty- fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 13,683 votes against 12,383 votes for W. J. Robinson, Republican, serving from December 6, 1875, to March 3, 1877. Newbold, Thomas, was elected a representa tive from New Jersey in the Tenth Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Eleventh Congress on a general ticket, receiving 18,705 votes against 14,702 votes for his Federal opponent; was re-elected to the Twelfth Congress, serving from October 26, 1807, to March 3, 1813; died in Burlington County, New Jersey, of apoplexy, December 4, 1823. Newcomb, Carman A., was born in Mercer County, Pennsylvania, July 1, 1830; received an aca demic education ; studied and practised law; went to Iowa, where he was a judge for five years; went to Missouri; was a member of the legislature of the State of Missouri in 1865 and 1866; was elected a rep resentative from Missouri in the Fortieth Congress as a Radical, receiving 9,564 votes against 6,254 votes STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 551 for his opponent, serving, from March 4, 1867, to March 3, 1809. Newell, William A., was born in Ohio; re ceived a classical education, graduating at Eutgers College in 1836; studied medicine, and commenced practice at Allentown; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Thirtieth Congress as a Whig; was re-elected to the Thirty-first Congress, re ceiving 9,877 votes against 8,382 votes for Potts, Democrat, serving from December 6, 1847, to March 3, 1851; was governor of New Jersey 1856-1860; was a delegate from New Jersey to the National Repub lican Convention at Baltimore in 1864; was again elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress as a Repub lican, receiving 13,453 votes against 13,091 votes for George Middleton, Democrat, serving from December 4, 1865, to March 3, 1867; was defeated as the Re publican candidate for the Fortieth Congress, receiv ing 13,476 votes against 13,825 votes for Haight, Dem ocrat ; was defeated as the Republican candidate for governor of New Jersey by G. B. McClellan in 1877. Newhard, Peter, was born in Pennsylvania; resided at Allentown; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-sixth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 4,636 votes against 3,878 votes for W. C. Livingston, Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress, receiving 2,289 votes against 2,013 votes for King, Whig, serving from De cember 2, 1839, to March 3, 1843. Newman, Daniel, was born in North Carolina ; was appointed ensign of the Fourth United-States Infantry March 2, 1799; promoted to be first lieu tenant November 1, 1799, and resigned January 1, 1802; commanded the Georgia volunteers in the wars with the Creek and Florida Indians 1812-1814, re ceiving several wounds ; carried on his plantation near McDonough, Georgia; was major-general of militia; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Twenty-second Congress as a State-rights Democrat, serving from December 5, 1831, to March 2, 1833; was State inspector-general of militia; died in Walker County, Georgia, January 16, 1851. Newsham, Joseph Parkinson, was born in Monroe County, Illinois, in 1839; educated himself; was a clerk in a store for two years ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar by the Supreme Courts of the States of Illinois and Missouri in 1860; practised law at the St. Louis bar; entered the Union army on the staff of General Fremont ; was af terwaids on that of General Smith during his entire campaign from Pa- ducah, Kentucky, to Shiloh; was adjutant of the Thirty-second Missouri Volunteer Infantry, and re signed July 4, 1864; removed the same year to Louisi ana, and took an active part in reconstruction; was appointed by Governor Halm clerk of the Fourth Dis trict Court for Ascension Parish ; was admitted to the bar of Louisiana in 1865 ; was a member of the Reconstruction Convention of 1867 and 1868; found ed and edited "The Feliciana Republican," which was the first Republican newspaper ever published in that section of the State; was elected a repre sentative from Louisiana in the Fortieth Congress as a Republican, and was a candidate for re-election to the Forty-first Congress; Michael Ryan, Demo crat, obtained the seat, but it was decided that he had only obtained it by fraud and intimidation, and the House declared Mr. Newsham entitled to it by a vote of 95 to 75 on the 25th of May, 1870, when he was sworn in, serving until December 5, 1870. Newton, Eben, was born at Goshen, Litchfield County, Connecticut, October 16, 1795; received a public-school education; removed to Portage Coun ty, Ohio, and worked on a farm; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1823, and commenced practice at Canfield, Ohio, as a partner of Elisha Whittlesey; was a member of the State Senate in 1842; was elected presiding judge of the Third Judicial Circuit; travelled in Europe; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirty-second Congress as a Whig, receiving 8,277 votes against 6,382 votes for Day, Democrat, serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1853; was defeated as the Whig candidate for the Thirty-third Congress, receiving 4,179 votes against 5,752 votes for Joshua R. Giddings, Free-Soiler, and 4,427 votes for Woods, Democrat; was president of the Ashtabula and New-Lisbon Railroad Company 1856-1859; devoted himself to agricultural pursuits. Newton, Thomas, was born at Norfolk, Vir ginia, in 1769; received an academic education ; stud ied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Norfolk ; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Seventh Congress as a Democrat, and was suc cessively re-elected (generally without opposition) to the Eighth, Ninth, tenth, Eleventh, Twelfth, Thir teenth, Fourteenth, Fifteenth, Sixteenth, Seven teenth, Eighteenth, Nineteenth, Twentieth, and Twenty-first Congresses, serving from December 7, 1801, to March 9, 1831, when the House, by 13 ma jority, gave his seat to George Loyall, who had con tested it; was again elected to the Twenty-second Congress, defeating George Loyall by 31 majority; died at Norfolk, Virginia, "August 5, 1847. Newton, Thomas Willoughby, was born at Alexandria, Virginia, January 18, 1803; removed in 1820 to Little Rock, Arkansas, to serve as assistant secretary of the Territory ; removed in 1832 to Shelby County, Kentucky, and returned in 1837 to Little Rock, where he was made cashier of the real-estate bank of Arkansas; was elected a representative from Arkansas in the Twenty-ninth Congress (to fill the vacancy occasioned by the resignation of Archibald Yell), serving from February 6, 1847, until March 3, 1847; was engaged in several duels during his resi dence in Arkansas, one of them with Ambrose H. Sevier, afterwards senator, in which Sevier was wounded ; and died at New York in 1853. Newton, Willoughby, was born in Westmore land County, Virginia; resided at Hague Post Office; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Whig, receiving 170 majority over Hunter, Democrat, serving from De cember 4, 1843, to March 3, 1845. Niblack, Silas N., was elected a representative from Florida in the Forty-second Congress, having successfully contested the election of Josiah T. Walls, serving from January 29, 1873, to March 3, 1873; was defeated as the Democratic candidate at large for the Forty-third Congress, receiving 15,881 vote s against 17,503 votes for Josiah T. Walls, Republican. Niblack, William E., was born at Vincennes, Indiana, May 19, 1822 ; was educated at the Indiana University at Bloomington; studied law; was ad mitted to the bar, and practised; was a member of the Indiana House of Representatives in 1849, and again in 1863, and of the Indiana Senate 1850-1852 ; was appointed circuit-judge in January, 1854, and elected his own successor in the October following for six years, but resigned in October, 1857, after having been elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress in place of James Lockhart, deceased ; was elected a representa tive from Indiana in the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 10,329 votes against 8,946 votes for Hovey, anti-Lecompton Democrat ; was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiving 14,720 votes against 12,610 votes for C. M. Allen, Republican; was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, receiving 17,255 votes against 15,905 votes for De Bruler, Re publican; was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress, receiving 18,116 votes against 16,631 votes for Veatch, Republican ; was re-elected to the Forty-second Con gress, receiving 17,577 votes against 15,327 votes for H. C. Gooding, Republican; was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress, receiving 19,259 votes against 19,127 votes for W. Heilman, Republican; was a del egate at large from Indiana to the Democratic Na tional Convention at Chicago in 1864, at New York in 1868, and at St. Louis in 1876; was a member of the National Democratic Committee for Indiana from 1864 to 1872. Nicholas, John, was born in Westmoreland 552 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. County in 1763; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Third Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Fourth, Fifth, and Sixth Congresses, serving from December 2, 1793, to March 3, 1801; removed to Geneva, New York, and devoted himself to agricultural pursuits ; was a member of the State Senate of New York 1806-1809; was presiding judge of the Oneida-county Court ; superintended the edu cation of a large family; and, after a long illness, died at Gcneva,New York, December 31, 1819. Nicholas, Robert Carter, was born in Han over, Virginia; received a classical education, gradu ating at William and Mary College; served in the war of 1812 as captain and major of the Twelfth In fantry, and lieutenant-colonel of the Forty-fourth and Fortieth Infantry, in the army stationed on the Canadian frontier; removed to Louisiana, and en gaged in sugar-planting; was secretary of state of Louisiana; was elected a United-States senator from Louisiana as a Democrat (in place of Charles E. A. Gayarre, who never took his seat), serving from March 4, 1836, to March 3, 1841; was superintend ent of public instruction in Louisiana; died on his plantation in Terrebonne Parish, Louisiana, Decem ber 24, 1857. Nicholas, Wils9n Gary, was born at Han over, Virginia; received a classical education at William and Mary College; served in the Revolu- tionary war as commander of Washingington s Life Guard; was a delegate to the State Convention which ratified the Federal Constitution; was elected a United-States senator from Virginia (in place of Henry Tazewell, deceased) as a Democrat, serving from January 3, 1800, to 1804, when he resigned; was collector of customs at the port of Norfolk 1804- 1807 ; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Tenth Congress, and re-elected to the Eleventh Congress, serving from October 26, 1807, to Novem ber 27, 1809, when he resigned on account of a severe rheumatism while on his way to Washington; was governor of Virginia 1814-1817; died at Milton, Vir ginia, October 10, 1820. Nichols, Matthias H., was born at Sharps- town, New Jersey, October 3, 1824; received a public- school education; learned the art of printing; re moved to Ohio in 1842 ; acquired an education while working in a printing-office; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1849, and commenced practice at Lima, Ohio; was prosecuting-attorney for Allen County; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirty-third Congress as a Republican, receiving 7,648 votes against 6,378 votes for Plunkett, Whig, and 189 votes for Gilman, Free-Soiler; was re-elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress, receiving 10,307 votes against 4,377 votes for Dorsey, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving 9,415 votes against 9,172 votes for Dorsey, Democrat, and 369 votes for Beman, American, serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1859; died at Cincin nati. Ohio, September 15, 18(12. Nicholson, Alfred Osborn Pope, was born in Williamson County, Tennessee, August 31, 1808; received a classical education, graduating at Chapel- hill University, North Carolina, in 1827; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1831, and com menced practice at Columbia, Tennessee; edited " The Western Mercury at Columbia 1S32-1835 ; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1833 -1839; was appointed a United-States senator from Tennessee (in place of Felix Grundy, deceased) as a Democrat, serving from January 11, 1841, to March 3, 1843; edited "The Nashville Union " 1844-1846; was chancellor of the middle division of Tennessee 1845-1851 ; was printer of the Federal House of Rep resentatives during the Thirty-third, and of the Sen ate during the Forty-fourth, Congress; was editor of "The Washington Union" 1853-1856; was again elected a United-States senator from Tennessee, serv ing from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 1861, when he retired, but was expelled July 3, 1861 ; was appointed chief justice of the Supreme Court of Tennessee; died at Columbia, Tennessee, March 23, 1876. He was the author of the famous "Nicholson Letter," addressed to aspirants for the presidential nomina tion in 1848. Nicholson, John, was born at Herkimer, New York, in 1765; was elected a representative from New York in the Eleventh Congress as a Democrat, serving from May 22, 1809, to March 3, 1811 ; died at Herkimer. New York, January 20, 1820. Nicholson, John A., was born in Laurel, Dela ware, November 17, 1827; was appointed superin tendent of free schools for Kent County in 1851 ; was brigadier-general of militia in Kent County in 1861 ; was educated at Dickinson College, Pennsylvania; studied law, and practised a few years; was elected a representative from Delaware in the Thirty-ninth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 8,762 votes against 8,253 votes for Nathaniel B. Smithers, Republican ; and was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, receiv ing 9,933 votes against 8,553 votes for McKim, Re publican, serving from December 4, 1865, to March 3, 1809. Nicholson, Joseph Hopper, was born in Maryland in 1770; received an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and com menced practice ; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Sixth Congress as a Democrat ; was re-elected to the Seventh, Eighth, and Ninth Con gresses, serving from December 2, 1799, to March 1, 1806, when he resigned ; was appointed chief judge of the Sixth Judicial Circuit; was a judge of the Court of Appeals; died March 4, 1817. Nicoll, Henry, was born at New York October 23, 1812; received a classical education, graduating at Columbia College in 1830; studied law; was ad mitted to the bar, and commenced practice at New York; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention in 1847; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirtieth Congress as a Demo crat, receiving 4,609 votes against 4,560 votes for Phoenix, Whig, serving from December 6, 1847, to March 3, 1849. Niles, Jason, resided at Kosciusko, Mississippi ; was elected a representative from that State in the Forty-third Congress as a Republican, receiving 15,- 266 votes without any organized opposition, serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1875 ; was defeated as the Republican candidate for the Forty-fourth Con gress (Otho R. Singleton, Democrat, receiving a ma jority of 9,652 votes). Niles, John Milton, was born at Windsor, Connecticut, in 1787; received an academical educa tion; studie d law; was admitted to the bar in 1817, and commenced practice at Hartford, Connecticut; established and edited "The Hartford Times," to which he contributed for thirty years; was judge of the Hartford-county Court 1821-1826; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1826 ; was appointed by President Jackson postmaster at Hart ford in 1829; was appointed a United-States senator from Connecticut (in place of Nathan Smith, de ceased) as a Whig, and subsequently elected, serving from December 21, 1835, to March 3, 1839; was ap pointed postmaster-general by President Van Bnren, serving May 19, 1840-March 6, 1841 ; was again elect ed a senator, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1849; passed his later years in horticultural pursuits ; bequeathed twenty thousand dollars to be held in trust for the Hartford poor, and donated his library to the Connecticut Historical Society; died at Hartford May 31, 1856. He published "A Gazet teer of Connecticut," "The Civil Officer," "A History of South America and Mexico," " Life of Commodore Perry," and a large number of orations and addresses on a variety of subjects. Niles, Nathaniel, was born at South Princeton, Rhode Island, in 1741 ; received a classical education, graduating at Princeton College in 1766 ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar; studied medicine; STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 553 studied theology under Rev. Dr. Bellamy, receiving a license to preach ; removed after the Revolution to Orange County, Vermont ; was a member of the State House of Representatives and its speaker in 1784; was for several years judge of the State Supreme Court; was elected a representative from Vermont in the Second Congress ; was re-elected to the Third Congress, serving from October 24, 1791, to March 3, 1795; was one of the censors for revising the State Constitution ; died at West Fairlee, Vermont, Oc tober 31, 1828. He published four discourses on "Silent Prayer," two discourses on " Confession of Sin and Forgiveness," two sermons on "The Per fection of God, the Fountain of Good," a sermon on "Vain Amusements," and "A Letter to a Friend " 1809; he also wrote " The American Hero," a Sapphic ode. Nisbet, Eugenius A., was born in Hancock County, Georgia, in 1803 ; received an academical edu cation ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar by an act of the legislature before he became of age, and com menced practice at Macon, Georgia; was a member of the State House of Representatives ; was defeated as the Whig candidate for the Twenty-fifth Congress ; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Twenty- sixth Congress as a Whig, receiving 31,857 votes against 30, J57 votes for Junius Hillyer, Van Buren Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress, serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1843 ; was a judge of the Supreme Court of Georgia ; was a deputy from Georgia to the Provisional Con gress of the Confederate States at Montgomery, Ala bama, February, 1801 ; died at Macon, Georgia, March 18, 1871. Niven, Archibald C., was born in New York; resided at Monticello ; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-ninth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 7,162 votes against 6,474 votes for Hasbrouck, Whig, and 56 votes for Scofield, American, serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1847. Nixon, John T., was born in Cumberland County, New Jersey, in 1820; received a classical education, graduating at Princeton College in 1841; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1845, and commenced practice at Bridgeton, New Jersey; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1848-1850, serving the last year as speaker; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Republican, receiving 8,393 votes against 5,342 votes for Walker, Democrat, and 3,739 votes for Jones, American ; was re-elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress, receiving 10,843 votes against 9,737 votes for Learning, Democrat, serving from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 1863; was ap pointed in 1870 United-States judge for the district of New Jersey. Noble, David A., was born in Massachusetts; received a classical education, graduating at Wil liams College in 1825 ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Monroe, Michigan; was elected a representative from Michi gan in the Thirty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 10,024 votes against 9,367 votes for Wil liams, Whig, serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855 ; was defeated as the Democratic can didate for the Thirty-fourth Congress, receiving 8,113 votes against 11,055 votes for Waldron, Repub lican. Noble, James, was born at Battletown, Vir ginia; went to the frontier when a youth; located in Kentucky, and afterwards in Indiana; was elected one of the first United-States senators from Indiana, serving from December 12, 1816, to February 26, 1831, when he died at Washington City. Noble, Warrea P., was born in Pennsylvania June 14, 1821; received a public-school education; removed to Ohio; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Tiffin, Ohio ; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1856- 1860; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirty-seventh Congress as a Democrat, receiving 12,650 votes against 12,096 votes for Carey, Repub lican ; was re-elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, receiving 11,765 votes against 10,523 votes for^Wor- cester, Republican, serving from July 4, 1861, to March 3, 1865 ; was defeated as the Democratic can didate for the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiving 11,717 votes against 13,511 votes for Ralph P. Buck- land, Republican. _Noble, William H., was born in New York in 178S; resided at Cato, Cayuga County; was a mem ber of the State House of Representatives 1828-1830; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1839; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Twenty-sixth Congress, receiving 4,4(J4 votes against 4,631 votes for Christopher Morgan, Whig; died at Rochester, New York, February 5, 1850. Noel, Thomas E., was born at Perry ville, Mis souri, April 3, 1839; received a public-school educa tion; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1858, and commenced practice at Perryville; was ap pointed a military commissioner for the arrest of disloyal persons in 1861; was major of the State Loyal Militia 1861-1862; was appointed captain in the Nineteenth Infantry, United-States army, in 1862, but resigned in 1863; was elected a representa tive from Missouri in the Thirty-ninth Congress as a Radical, receiving 4,075 votes against 1,858 Votes for Tuttle, Democrat, and 659 votes for Leeper, Inde pendent Radical; was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, receiving 2,765 votes against 2,758 votes for Scott, Democrat, and 191 votes for Lawson, Inde pendent, serving from December 4, 1865, to October 4, 1867, when he died at St. Louis, Missouri. Noell, John "W., was born in Bradford County, Virginia, February 15, 1816; received an academical education; removed with his parents to Missouri in 1832 ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Perryville, Missouri; was clerk of the Circuit Court of Perry County 1841- 1850; was a member of the State Senate four years; was elected a representative from Missouri in the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 10,404 votes against 5,808 votes for Zeigler, Repub lican ; was re-elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress, receiving 11,191 votes against 4,007 votes for Perry- man, Republican, and 548 votes scattering, serving from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 1863; was re- elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, but died at Washington City March 14, 1863. Norcross, Amasa, was born in Rindge, New Hampshire, January 26, 1824; received an academic education ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1847 ; has since been engaged in practice ; was a member of the State House of Representatives of the Massachusetts legislature in 1858, 1859, and 1862, and of the State Senate of Massachusetts in 1874; was assessor of internal revenue for the Tenth Congressional District from August, 1862, until May, 1873, when the office was abolished ; was mayor of the city of Fitchburg in 1873 and 1874; and was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Forty-fifth Congress as a Republican, receiving 15,779 votes against 8,928 votes for S. O. Lamb, Democrat, serving from October 15, 1877. Norris, Benjamin "W., was born at Mon- mouth, Maine, in 1819; graduated at Waterville Col lege (now Colby University) in 1843; engaged in mercantile pursuits; was a delegate to the Free-soil Convention at Buffalo which nominated Van Buren and Adams in 1848; was land agent of Maine in 1860-1863; was commissioner from Maine of the Soldiers National Cemetery at Gettysburg; was a delegate to the Republican Convention at Baltimore which nominated Lincoln and Johnson in 1864 ; was a paymaster in the Union army 1864-1865 ; after the close of the war, settled on a plantation in Alabama; 554 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. was elected to the Constitutional Convention of Alabama in 1808; was elected to the Fortieth Con gress as a Republican, serving from July 21, 18G8, to March 3, 1869; and died at Montgomery, Alabama, January 27, 1873. Norris, Moses, jun., was born at Pittsfleld, New Hampshire, November 8, 1799 ; received a clas sical education, graduating at Dartmouth College in 1828; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Barnstead ; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1839-1840; was State solicitor for Merrimack County in 1843; was elected a representative from New Hampshire in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Democrat on a general ticket, ancfv/as re-elected to the Twenty-ninth Con gress, serving from December 4, 1843, until March 3, 1847 ; was again a member of the State House of Representatives in 1847, and was chosen speaker; was elected to the United-States Senate, and served from March 4, 1849, until his death at Washington, January 11, 1855. North, William, was born in New York in 1853 ; served in the Revolutionary army as aide-de- camp to Major-General Baron de Steuben; was ap pointed a United-States senator from New York (in place of John Sloss Hobart, resigned), serving from May 21, 1798, to March 3, 1709; was appointed adju tant-general of the army, with the rank of brigadier- general, serving from July 19, 1798, until the army was disbanded June 10, 1800; was again appointed adjutant-general of the army March 27, 1812, but declined ; died at D.uanesburg, New York, January 4, 1836. Norton, Daniel S., was born at Mount Ver- non, Ohio, April 12, 1829; was educated at Kenyon College, Ohio ; served in the Ohio volunteers in the Mexican war; visited California and Nicaragua; then returned to Ohio, where he studied law; was admit ted to the bar in 1852, and commenced practice; removing to Minnesota, he was a member of the Senate of that State in 1857, 1858, 1860, 1861, 1863, and 1864; was elected United-States senator from Minnesota as a Union Conservative (to succeed M. 5, Wilkinson, Union Republican), serving from March 4, 1871, to his death at Washington July 14, 1870. Norton, Ebenezer F., was born in New York; resided at Buffalo ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1823 ; was elected a representa tive from New York in the Twenty-first Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 7, 1829, to March 3, 1831. Norton, Elijah H., was born in Logan County, Kentucky, November24, 1821 ; received an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Platte City ; was a judge of the Circuit Court of Missouri 1852-1860; was elected a representative from Missouri in the Thirty- seventh Congress as a Democrat, receiving 13,797 votes against 8,350 votes for Scott, Republican, serv ing from July 4, 1861, to March 3, 1863. Norton, Jesse O., v,-as born in Vermont; re ceived a classical education, graduating at Williams College, Massachusetts; removed to Illinois; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1840, and commenced practice at Joliet, Illinois; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention in 1847; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1851 and 1852; was elected a representative from Illinois in the Thirty-third Congress as a Republican, receiving 8,268 votes against 8,087 votes for Reddy, Democrat, and 1,633 votes for Bryant, Free-Soiler; was re-elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress, receiving 10,474 votes against 6,216 votes for Drake, Democrat, serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1857; was elected judge of the Eleventh District of Illinois, serving 1857-1862 ; was again elected to the Thirty- eighth Congress, receiving 10,604 votes against 8,419 votes for Dickey, Democrat, serving from December 7, 1803, to March 3, 1865; was a delegate to the Na tional Union Convention at Philadelphia in 1866; died at Chicago, Illinois, August 3, 1875. Norton, Nelson I., was born in Cattaraugus County, New York, March 30, 1820 ; was brought up on a farm, attending the winter schools; engaged in mercantile pursuits, but returned to agriculture ; was a justice of the peace, county assessor, and county supervisor; was a member of the State Assembly of New York in 1861 ; was a presidential elector on the Grant and Wilson ticket in 1872 ; and was elected a representative from New York in the Forty-fourth Congress in 1875 as a Republican (to till the vacancy caused by the death cf Augustus F. Allen), receiving 10,770 votes against 9,139 votes for Charles S. Gary, Democrat, serving from December 6, 1875, to March 3, 1877. Norvell, John, was born in Pennsylvania ; learned the art of printing ; edited a newspaper in Philadelphia; removed to Detroit, Michigan^ was appointed by President Jackson postmaster at De troit, and held the office until he resigned in 1836; was elected one of the first United-States senators from Michigan as a Democrat, serving from January 26, 1837, to March 3, 1841 ; died of apoplexy at De troit, Michigan, April 11, 1859. Norwood, Thomas Marison, was born in Talbot County, Georgia, April 26, 1830; received an academic education at Cullodcn, Monroe County, Georgia; was graduated at Emory College, Oxford, Georgia, in 1850; studied law, and was admitted to practice in February, 1852 ; removed to Savannah in March, 1852, where he has practised law ever since ; was a member of the Georgia legislature in 1861-1862; was elected alternate Democratic elector for the State at large in 1868 on the Seymour and Blair ticket; was elected United-States senator from Georgia as a Democrat November 14, 1871 ; after a contest for his seat with Foster Blodgett, was admitted to the Sen ate December 19, 1871, and served until March 3, 1877. Nott, Abraham, was born at Saybrook, Con necticut, in 1767; was educated for the ministry, graduating at Yale College in 1787; went to Georgia as tutor in the family of the father of Governor Troup, who was one of his pupils ; removed to Cam- den, South Carolina, in 1789; studied law there with Daniel Brown, and was admitted to the bar at Charleston May 27, 1791 ; commenced practice at Union Court House, and then at his plantation on the Pacolet River; was elected a representative from South Carolina in the Sixth Congress as a Federalist (after aiding in casting the vote of South Carolina in favor of Aaron Burr for thirty-five ballotings, he withdrew, and on the thirty-sixth ballot, the remain ing representatives from South Carolina being then equally divided, the State voted blank, and Jefferson was elected) ; served in Congress from December 2, 1799, to March 3, 1801 ; resuming practice, he removed to Columbia in 1804; was elected a law-judge in 1810, and president of the Court of Appeals in 1824; he was attacked by consumption at Charleston in Jan uary, 1830, and died at the residence of a friend in Fail-field District, while on. his way home, June 19, 1830. N9urse, Amos, was born in 1795; received a classical education, graduating at Harvard College in 1812; studied medicine, and practised at Bath; was a medical lecturer at Bowdoiii College 1846-1854, and then medical professor ; was postmaster at Hal- lowell; was collector of customs at Bath; was ap pointed a United-States senator from Maine (in place of Hannibal Hamlin, resigned), serving from Janu ary 24, 1857, to March 3, 1857; was judge of probate of Sagadahoc County; died at Bath, Maine, April 17, 1877. Noyes, John, was born in 1763; received a clas sical education, graduating at Dartmouth College in 1795; was a tutor in that institution ; was elected a representative from Vermont in the Fourteenth Con gress as a Federalist, receiving 17,593 votes against STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 555 10,975 votes for Ezra Butler, Democrat, serving from December 4, 1815, to March 3, 1817. Noyes, Joseph C., was born at Portland, Maine, in 1798; received a public-school education; engaged in mercantile pursuits at Eastport; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1833; was elected a representative from Maine in the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Whig on the fifth ballot (defeating Jarvis, Democrat), serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1839; was defeated as the Whig candidate for the Twenty-sixth Congress by Joshua A. Lowell, Democrat; was collector of customs in the Passamaquoddy District 1841-1843; removed to Portland, where he became treasurer of the savings bank; died at Portland, Maine, July 21, 1868. Nuckolls, Stephen F., was born August 16, 1825, in Grayson County, Virginia; received an aca demic education; removed to Missouri in 1846, and engaged in mercantile pursuits ; in 1854 removed to Nebraska Territory; was one of the founders of Nebraska City, and was a member of the Nebraska legislature in 1859 ; in 1860 went to Colorado Terri tory, and for four years was engaged in mining and merchandising; from 1864 to 1867 resided in New- York City; settled in Cheyenne (then in Da kota Territory) in 1867 ; and, upon the organization of Wyoming Territory in 1809, was elected delegate from Wyoming in the Forty-first Congress as a Democrat, receiving 3,301 votes against 1,863 votes for Corlett, Republican, serving from March 4, 1869, to March 3, 1871. Nuckolls, William C., was born in South Car olina; received a classical education, graduating at the South-Carolina University in 1820; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Spartanburg, South Carolina; was elected a repre sentative from South Carolina in the Twentieth Congress; was re-elected to the Twenty-first and Twenty-second Congresses, serving from December 3, 1827, to March 2, 1833. Nugeii, Robert H., was born in Washington County, Pennsylvania, in 1809; removed with his parents to Columbiana County, Ohio, in 1811, and thence to Tuscarawas County in 1828; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirty-seventh Con gress as a Democrat, receiving 10,281 votes against 9,439 votes for Ilelmick, Republican, serving from July 4, 1861, to March 3, 1863; declined being a can didate for re-election. Nunn, David A., was born in Haywood County, Tennessee, in 1835; received a collegiate education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Brownsville; was a member of the Whig party until it ceased to exist; was a presidential elector in 1863 on the Bell ticket, and again presidential elector in 1S<)4 on the Republican ticket ; was a member of the legislature of the State of Tennessee in 1866 and 1867; was elected a representative from Tennessee in the Fortieth Congress as a Republican, receiving 9,057 votes against 6,189 votes for J. F. Leftwick, Democrat, serving from November 21, 1867, to March 3, 186.1; was defeated as the Independent Republican candidate for the Forty-first Congress, receiving 2,439 votes against 5,393 votes for William J. Smith, Re publican, and 4,082 votes for J. F. Leftwick, Demo crat; and was again elected to the Forty-third Con gress, receiving 7,580 votes against 5,967 votes for A. W. Campbell, Democrat, 4,476 votes for W. P. Cald- well, Democrat, and 1,979 votes for T. H. Bell, Dem ocrat, serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1875 ; was defeated as the Republican candidate for the Forty-fourth Congress, receiving 4,336 votes against 11,128 votes for William P. Caldwell, Demo crat. Nye, James "W., was born in Madison County, New York, June 10, 1815; received a public-school education, and was reared on a farm; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised in Madison County; was district-attorney, and subsequently county-judge ; was defeated as the Antislavery can didate for the Thirtieth Congress; removed to Syra cuse; was a State police commissioner in New-York City in 1860; was appointed by President Lincoln in, 1861 governor of Washoe (afterwards Nevada Terri tory) ; when Nevada became a State he was elected United-States senator as a Republican, and was re- elected, serving from December 4, 1865, to March 3, 1873 ; after leaving public life, his reason became im paired; and he died at White Plains, New York, De cember 25, 1876. Oakley, Thomas Jackson, was born in Dutchess County, New York, in 1783; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1801; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Poughkeepsie ; was appointed surrogate of Dutchess County 1810, 1811 ; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirteenth Congress as a Federalist, serving from May 24, 1813, to March 2, 1815 ; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1816, 1818-1820 ; was attorney- general of the State of New York ; was again elected to the Twentieth Congress as a Clinton Democrat, serving from December 3, 1827, to 1828, when he resigned; was appointed a judge of the Superior Court of the State of New York 1828-1836; on the re-organization of the Supreme Court, was elected chief justice, serving from 1846 until his death at New-York City May 11, 1857. O Brien, Jeremiah, was born at Machias, Maine (then Massachusetts), in 1768; received a public-school education; engaged in agricultural and mercantile pursuits; was elected a representative from Maine in the Eighteenth Congress; was re- elected to the Nineteenth and Twentieth Congresses, serving from December 1, 1823, to March 3, 1829; was defeated as a candidate for the Twenty-first Congress on the third trial; was a member of the State House of Representatives for six successive terms ; died at Boston, Massachusetts, May 30, 1858. O Brien, T^Tilliam J., was born at Baltimore, Maryland, May 28, 1836; was educated at St. Mary s College, Baltimore ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1858 ; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Forty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 9,675 votes against 8,346 votes for R. Turner, Independent Republican; and was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Congress, receiving 9,287 votes against 4,834 votes for James S. Suter, Republican, serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1877. Odell, Moses F., was born at Tarrytown, New York, February 24, 1818; received a public-school education ; engaged in mercantile pursuits ; was ap pointed an entry-clerk in the New- York Custom House in 1845 under Collector Van Ness, and served continuously under Collectors Lawrence, Maxwell, Bronson, and Redfield, receiving several promotions until he became public appraiser; was elected a rep resentative from New York in the Thirty-seventh Congress as a Fusion Democrat, receiving 13,322 votes against 10,870 votes for James Humphrey, Republican ; and was re-elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress as a War Democrat, receiving 8,915 votes against 7,506 votes for James Humphrey, Republican, serving from July 4, 1861, to March 3, 1865; was ap pointed navy agent at the city of New York in 1865 ; and died at New York of a cancer in the mouth June 13, 1806. Odell, N. Holmes, was born near Tarrytown, New York, October 10, 1828 ; received an academic education; was engaged in the steamboat business on the North River; was a member of the State General Assembly 1857-1861; established the First National Bank at Tarrytown, of which he was the cashier 1862-1864; was elected county treasurer of Westchester County in 1866, and re-elected in 1869, and again in 1872; and was elected a representative from New York in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 12,082 votes against 8,301 votes for Wright, Republican, serving from March 3, 1875, to December 6, 1877. 556 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Ogden, Aaron, was born at Elizabethtown, New Jersey, December 3, 1756; received a classical education, graduating at Nassau Hall in 1773 ; served in the Revolutionary army with distinction; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and practised ; was a presidential elector in 1800; was elected a United- States senator from New Jersey (in place of James Schureman, resigned), serving from March 3, 1801, to March 3, 1803; was governor of New Jersey in 1812 ; was offered by President Madison a commission as major-general in the army of the United States, but declined it on the ground that he had been commander-in-chief of the armed forces of New Jersey ; was president-general of the Society of the Cincinnati ; died at Jersey City April 19, 1830. Ogdea, David A., was born at Morristown, New Jersey ; received an academical education ; stud ied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Madrid, St. Lawrence County, New York; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1814 and 1815; was elected a representative from New York in the Fifteenth Congress, serving from January 8, 1818, to March 3, 1819; died at Montreal, Canada, June 9, 1829. Ogle, Alexander (father of Charles Ogle, and grandfather of Andrew J. Ogle), was born in Mary land, August 10, 1705; received an academical edu cation ; removed at an early age to Somerset, Penn sylvania; was a member of the State legislature of Pennsylvania 1830-1812; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Fifteenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1817, to March 3, 1819; was pro- thonotary of Somerset County; died at Somerset, Pennsylvania, October 14, 1852. Ogle, Andrew J. (grandson of Alexander Ogle), was born at Somerset, Pennsylvania, in 1822; was prothonotary of Somerset County in 1843; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-first Congress as a Whig, receiving 0,902 votes against 6,649 votes for J. L. Dawson, Democrat, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1851; was defeated as the Whig candidate for the Thirty- second Congress, receiving 6,135 votes against 6,404 votes for J. L. Dawson, Democrat; was appointed by President Fillmore charge d affaires to Denmark January 22, 1852, but died shortly afterwards of apo plexy at Somerset, Pennsylvania. Ogle, Charles (son of Alexander Ogle), was born at Somerset, Pennsylvania, in 1798; received an academical education ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Somerset; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-sixth Congress as a Whig and anti- Masonic candidate, defeating Job Man, Democrat, serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1841 ; was re-elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress, but died before taking his seat, at Somerset, May 10, Oglesby, Richard J., was born in Oldham County, Kentucky, July 25, 1824; settled in Illinois, at Decatur, in 1835 ; received less than a common- school education; was a carpenter for two years; studied law in 1844, and was admitted to the bar in 1845; served one year in the Mexican war; worked two years in the mines in California; was elected to the State Senate of Illinois in 18GO, served one session, and resigned to enter the volunteer service in 1801 at the commencement of the war for the suppression of the Rebellion; was chosen colonel, afterward appointed brigadier-general, and, in 1863 (to take rank from November, 1862), a major-general ; resigned in 1864, and was elected that year governor of Illinois for the term which expired in January, 1869; was re-elected governor of Illinois in Novem ber, 1872; entered upon the duties of his ofnce Janu ary 13, 1873; and on the 21st of the same month was elected United-States senator from Illinois as a Republican (to succeed Lyman Trumbull, Liberal). Hia term will expire March 3, 1879. Olcott, Simeon, was born in Connecticut in 1737; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1761 ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Charlestown, New Hampshire ; was appointed, December 25, 1784, chief justice of the Court of Common Pleas ; Janu ary 25, 1790, a judge of the Superior Court; and March 28, 1795, chief judge of the Superior Court; was elected a United-States senator from New Hampshire (in place of Samuel Livermore, re signed) as a Federalist, serving from December 7, 1801, to March 3,1805; died at Charlestown, New Hampshire, in 1815. Olds, Edson B., was born in Vermont; re ceived an academical education; studied medicine, and practised the profession ; was for several years a member of the State Senate and House of Repre sentatives ; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirty-first Congress as a Democrat, receiving 6,984 votes against 6,906 votes for Edwards, Whig; was re-elected to the Thirty-second Congress, re ceiving 6,283 votes against 6,110 votes for Van Trump, Whig; and was re-elected to the Thirty- third Congress, receiving 8,549 votes against 8,480 votes for Galloway, Whig, and 333 votes for Gra ham, Free-Soiler, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1855; was defeated as the Democratic can didate for the Thirty-fourth Congress, receiving 6,390 votes against 9,698 votes for Galloway, Whig; was arrested in 1862 on a charge of disloyalty, and imprisoned in Fort Lafayette ; while there, he was elected a member of the Ohio House of Representa tives; died at Lancaster, Ohio, January 24, 1869. Olin, Abram B. (son of Gideon Olin), was born at Shaftsbury, Vermont, in 1812; received a classical education, graduating at Williams College, Massachusetts, in 1835; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1838, and commenced practice at Troy, New York; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Republican, receiving 5,206 votes against 4,758 votes for Gris- wold, Democrat, and 4, 108 votes for Fonda, Ameri can; was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving 8,267 votes against 5,254 votes for Seymour, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress, receiving 8,650 votes against 8,268 votes for McConihe, Democrat, serving from December 7, 1857, to March 3, 1863; was appointed by President Lincoln a judge of the Supreme Court of the District of Columbia in 1865, which he has announced his de termination to resign September 1, 1878. Olin, Gideon (father of Abram B. Olin), was born in Rhode Island; removed to Vermont, and was one of the founders of the State; was a member of the State House of Representatives, and one term speaker of the House ; was a judge of Bennington- county Court; was elected a representative "from Vermont in the Eighth Congress, and was re-elected to the Ninth Congress, serving from October 17, 1803, to March 3, 1807; died at Shaftsbury, Vermont, August 6, 1822. Olin, Henry, was born in 1767, and reared in Addison County, Vermont; was a member of the State House of Representatives, with the exception of four years, 17C9-1825; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Conventions of 1814, 1822, and 1828; was an associate judge of the Addison-county Court 1801-1806 and 1810-1824; was elected a representa tive from Vermont in the Eighteenth Congress (in place of Charles Rich, deceased), serving from De cember 13, 1824, to March 3, 1825; died at Salisbury, Vermont, in 1837. Oliver, Addison, was born in Washington County, Pennsylvania, in 1833; received a classical education, graduating at Washington College in 1850; taught school for two years in Arkansas; re turned to Pennsylvania; studied lav/ with Hon. William Montgomery; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Western Iowa in 1857; was a member of the State House of Representatives in STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 557 1863, and of the State Senate in 1865 ; was elected judge of the Fourth Judicial Circuit in 1868, and twice re-elected to the same position, which he resigned when elected a representative from Iowa in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Republican, receivin 12,657 votes against 6,808 votes for Whiting, ant> Monopolist; and was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 19,563 votes against 10,583 votes for Samuel Rees, Democrat, serving, from December 6, 1875. Oliver, Andrew, was born at Springfield, New York; received a classical education, graduating at Union College in 1835; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1838, and commenced practice at Pen Yan; was first judge of the Court of Common Pleas 1S43-1847; was elected judge of the Surrogate and County Courts in 1846 ; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 8,546 votes against 8,529 votes for Woods, Whig, and 290 votes "for Frisby, Free- Soiler; was re-elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress, receiving 6,880 votes against 5,304 votes for Seely, Whig, and 2,163 votes for Howell, Free-Soiler, serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1857 ; was defeat ed as the American candidate for the Thirty-fifth Con gress, receiving 4,211 votes against 9,368 votes for Pot tle, Republican, and 3,897 votes for Ogden, Democrat. Oliver, Mordecai, was born in Anderson County, Kentucky, October 22, 1819; received a public-school education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1842, and commenced practice at Rich mond, Missouri ; was elected circuit-attorney for the Fifth Judicial Circuit of Missouri in 1848; was elect ed a representative from Missouri in the Thirty-third Congress as a Whig, receiving 7,612 votes against 4,452 votes for Birch, anti-Benton Democrat, and 4,243 votes for King, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress, receiving 6,129 votes against 4,998 votes for Leonard, anti-Benton Demo crat, and 2,787 votes for Lowe, Democrat, serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1857. Oliver, William M., was born at Springfield, New York; received a public-school education; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Pen Yan ; was appointed first judge for the Court of Common Pleas for Yates County 1823, and again in 1838; was a State senator and lieutenant- governor in 1830; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-seventh Congress as a Democrat, receiving 6,949 votes against 6.170 votes for Thomas A. Johnson, Whig, serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1843. O Neill, Charles, was born in Philadelphia March 21, 1821; graduated at Dickinson College in 1840 ; studied and practised law ; was admitted to the bar in 1843 ; was a member of the House of Represen tatives of Pennsylvania in 1850, 1851, 1852, and 1860; was a member of the State Senate of Pennsylvania in 1853; was elected a representative from Pennsyl vania in the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Republican, receiving 8,614 votes against 6,068 votes for Biddle, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Con gress, receiving 11,767 votes against 7,290 votes for Reilly, Democrat; was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, receiving 12,612 votes against 9,475 votes for Hulme, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty- first Congress, receiving 14,533 votes against 11,913 votes for Florence, Democrat, serving from Decem ber 7, 1863, to March 3, 1871 ; was defeated as the Independent candidate for the Forty-second Con gress, receiving 10.134 votes against 11,059 votes for John V. Creely, Republican; was again elected to the Forty-third Congress, receiving 17,253 votes against 9,728 votes for E. Joy Morris, Liberal and Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Con gress, receiving 11,692 votes against 9,660 votes for Benjamin Rush, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 15,201 votes against 11,881 votes for Charles H. Gibson, Democrat, serv ing from December 1, 1873. O Neill, John, was born at Philadelphia, Penn sylvania, December 17, 1821; received a classical education, graduating at St. John s College, Mary land; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1842, and commenced practice; removed in 1844 to Ohio; was elected in 1845 prosecuting-attorney for Mus- kiugum County ; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 12,763 votes against 9,699 votes for Wright, Republican, serving from December 7, 1863, to March 3, 18(53. Ormsby, Stephen, was born in Virginia; re ceived a liberal education; studied law; was admit ted to the bar; located in Kentucky; was a judge of the Circuit Court ; was a brigade-major under Gen eral Harmer in the campaign of 1790; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Twelfth Con gress, receiving 66 majority over Mr. Quinton ; was defeated as a candidate for re-election to the Thir teenth Congress by John Simpson, who was soon afterwards killed at the battle of the River Raisin; Ormsby was then re-elected to the Thirteenth Con gress, taking his seat at the opening of the session ; was re-elected to the Fourteenth Congress, serving from November 4, 1811, to March 3, 1817; died at Louisville, Kentucky, in 1840. Orr, Alexander D., was born at Alexandria, Virginia, in 1765; was one of the pioneer settlers of Kentucky, locating in Mason County ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1792; upon the admission of Kentucky into the Union, was elected one of its representatives in the Second Congress ; was re-elected to the Third Congress ; and was re-elected to the Fourth Congress, serving from October 24, 1791, to March 3, 1797; died at Paris, Kentucky, June 21, 1835. Orr, Benjamin, was born at Bedford, New Hampshire, December 1, 1772; received a classical education, graduating at Dartmouth College in 1798; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1801, and commenced practice at Topsham, Maine; removed to Brunswick; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Fifteenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1817, to March 3, 1819; died at Brunswick, Maine, September 1, 1828. Orr, Jackson, was born in Fayette County, Ohio, September 21, 1832; received a common-school education, and attended a part of an irregular course at the University of Indiana; studied law, but has devoted the last eight years to mercantile pursuits ; served in the Union army as captain in the Tenth Iowa Infantry ; was a member of the legislature of Iowa in 1868; was elected a representative from Iowa in the Forty-second Congress as a Republican, re ceiving 16.989 votes against 5,977 votes for C. C. Smeltzer, Democrat ; and was re-elected to the Forty- third Congress, receiving 12,402 votes against 6,152 votes for J. F. Duncombe, Democrat and Liberal, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1875. Orr, James L., was born at Claytonville, South Carolina, May 12, 1822; was a clerk in his father s store; received a classical education, which was fin ished at the University of Virginia in 1841 ; studied law with Judge Whitner; was admitted to the bar in 1843, and commenced practice at Anderson, South Carolina; edited "The Anderson Gazette;" was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1844; was elected a representative from South Caro lina in the Thirty-first Congress as a Democrat, receiving 4,454 votes against 3,790 votes for B. F. Perry, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-second Congress, receiving no opposition ; was re-elected to the Thirty-third Congress, receiving no opposition; was re-elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress, receiv ing no opposition ; was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving no opposition, serving from Decembers, 1849, to March 3, 1859; was a delegate to the State Convention which voted that South arolina should secede from the Union ; was one of three commissioners sent to Washington to treat for 558 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. a surrender of the national property ; was elected in 1802 a member of the Confederate Senate, and served as such uir.il the end of the war in 1805; was elected governor of South Carolina as a Republican, receiv ing 9,706 votes against 9,109 votes for Wade Hampton, Democrat, and held the position until the State was reconstructed; was grand master of Freemasons of the State of South Carolina; was appointed a United- States circuit-judge; was a delegate to the National Republican Convention at Philadelphia in 1804; was appointed by President Grant minister to Russia; and died at St. Petersburg May 6, 1873. He pub lished a number of political, masonic, and literary orations. Orr, Robert, was born in Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania, in 1785; resided at Kittanning; served in the war of 1812; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1810, 1817; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Nineteenth Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Twentieth Congress, serving from December 5, 1825, to March 3, 1829.; and died at Kittanning, Pennsyl vania, May 29, 1876. Orth, Godlove S., was horn near Lebanon, Pennsylvania, April 22, 1817 ; was educated at Gettys burg College, Pennsylvania; studied law; was ad mitted to the bar in 1839, and commenced practice in Indiana; was a member of the State Senate of Indiana in 1843, 1844, 1845, 1846, 1847, and 1848, serving one year as president of that body; was a presidential elector in 1848; was a member of the Peace Conference in 1861; served as captain of a company of volunteers during the war for the sup pression of the Rebellion ; was elected a representative from Indiana in the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Republican, receiving 12,032 votes against 11,181 votes for Pettit, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiving 13,536 votes against 12,349 votes for Ilarney, Democrat ; was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, receiving 14,933 votes against 14,728 votes for Purdue, Independent; was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress, receiving 16,117 votes against 15,600 votes for Manson, Democrat, serving from December 7, 1863, to March 3, 1871 ; was elected to the Forty-third Congress for the State at large as a Republican, receiving 188,664 votes against 188,502 votes for M. C. Kerr, Democrat, serving from Decem ber 1, 1873, to March 3, 1875. Osborn, Thomas W., .was born at Scotch Plains, New Jersey, March 9, 1836; removed with his parents to Wilna, New York, in 1842; graduated from Madison University in 1800; studied law in Watertown, New York, and, as soon as admitted to the bar, in 1801 he entered the Union army; first com missioned as captain in the First New-York Artillery, he afterwards served successively as chief of artillery of the Second Division, Third Army Corps, as chief of artillery to the Third, Eleventh, and Fourth Army Corps, and as chief of artillery of the Army of the Tennessee ; was assistant commissioner of the Bureau of Refugees and Freedmen for Florida, with the rank of colonel, from June, 1805, to August, 1866; prac tised law in Tallahassee, and held the office of regis ter in bankruptcy; was a member of the Constitu tional Convention of Florida under the reconstruction acts; removed from Tallahassee to Pensacola; was elected United-States senator from Florida as a Re publican, receiving 51 votes against 18 votes for William Marvin, Democrat, serving from June 30, 1808, to March 3, 1873. Osborne, Thomas B., was born at Fairfield, Connecticut, in 1797; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1817; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Fairfield, Connecticut; was elected a representative from Connecticut in the Twenty-sixth Congress as a Whig, receiving 4,023 votes against 3,701 votes for P. T. Whittlesey, Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress, serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1843; removed to New Haven in 1848, and became a professor in the law-school con nected with Yale College; died at New Haven, Con necticut, September 2, 1809. Osgood, Gayton Pickman, was born at Salem, Massachusetts, July 4, 1797; received a classical education, graduating at Harvard College in 1815; studied law; was admitted lo the bar, and practised in Salem until he removed to North An- dover in 1819, at which time he abandoned his pro fession entirely; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1829 and 1831; was the Demo cratic nominee for Congress in the Essex North Dis trict in 1832, having at first as opponents, supported by the National Republicans, Caleb Gushing, Jcseph Kittredge, Jeremiah Nelson, and Ebenezer Bradbury, among whom the opposition vote to Mr. Osgood was divided at seventeen successive elections, commen cing in 1831, extending over 1832, and ending in the election of Mr. Osgood June 8, 1833, a representative from Massachusetts in the Twenty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 3,272 votes against 2,474 votes for Gushing, National Republican, and 202 scatter ing, serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1835 ; and died at North Andover, Massachusetts, June 26, 1861. Osgood, Samuel, was born at Andover, Massa chusetts; received a classical education, graduating at Harvard College in 1770; studied theology, but, losing his health, engaged in mercantile pursuits; was for several years a member of the State House of Representatives; was a delegate to the Essex-county Convention of 1774, and a member of the Provincial Congress; entered the Revolutionary army as a cap tain at Lexington and Cambridge in April, 1775; was aide-de-camp to General Ward in 1775-1776, and left the army with the rank of colonel and assistant quartermaster; was a delegate from Massachusetts to the Continental Congress; was first commissioner of the United-States Treasury in 1785-1789; was appointed by President Washington postmaster- general, serving from September 26, 1789, to August 19, 1791; removed to the city of New York; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1800- 1802 ; was supervisor of New York 1801-1803 ; was naval officer of the port of New York to his death at New York August 12, 1813. He published a work on chronology, and several volumes on religious topics. Otero, Miguel A., was born at Valencia, New Mexico, June 21, 1829; received a classical educa tion, graduating at the St. Louis University, Mis souri; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1852, and commenced practice at Albuquerque; was a member of the Territorial House of Representatives; was appointed by President Pierce United-States district-attorney for New Mexico, but declined ; was attorney-general for the Territory; was elected a delegate from New-Mexico Territory in the Thirty- fourth Congress, having successfully contested the election of Jose Manuel Gallegos; was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth and Thirty-sixth Congresses, serving from July 23, 1850, to March 3, 1801. Otis, Harrison Gray (son of Samuel Allyne Otis), was born in Boston, Massachusetts, Octobers, 1705; received a liberal education, graduating at Harvard College 1783; studied law under John Lowell; was admitted to the bar in 1780, and com menced practice at Boston; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1796, 1803, 1804, and 1805, serving the last three years as speaker; was a member of the State Senate in 1805-1811, serving as president; was elected a representative in Con gress from Massachusetts, succeeding Fisher Ames to the Fifth Congress as a Federalist, and was re-elected to the Sixth Congress as a Federalist, serving from May 15, 1797, until March 3, 1801 ; was appointed by President John Adams United-States district-attor ney for the district of Massachusetts; was a promi nent member of the Federalist Convention at Hart ford in December, 1814 ; was judge of the Court of STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 559 Common Pleas 1814-1818; was elected to the United- States Senate as a Federalist, and served from March 4, 1817, until he resigm 1 in June, 1822; was the Federal candidate f:^r gv>vernor in 1823, but was defeated by W. Eustis, Democrat; was mayor of Boston 1829-1832; and died at Boston, Massachu setts, October 28, 1848. Otis, John, was born in Maine in 1801; received a classical education, graduating at Bowdoin College in 1823; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Hallowell ; was a member of the State House of Representatives for five years, and was subsequently a member of the State Senate ; was a commissioner for settling the North-eastern boundary; was elected a representative from Maine in the Thirty-first Congress as a Whig, receiving 5,274 votes against 4,130 votes for Moses Sherburne, Cass Democrat, and 2,528 votes for Ezekiel Holmes, Van Bureii Democrat, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1851; died at Hallowell, Maine, October 17, 1856. Otis, Samuel Allyne (father of Harrison Gray Otis), was born at Barnstable, Massachusetts, November 24, 1740; received a classical education, graduating at Harvard College in 1759; commenced the study of law, but abandoned it, and engaged in mercantile pursuits in Boston; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1770; was a mem ber of the Convention which framed the Constitution of Massachusetts ; was on the Board of War during the Revolution; was a delegate from Massachusetts to the Continental Congress 1787-1788; was chosen secretary of the United-States Senate after the adoption of the Federal Constitution, and filled the office with great fidelity and amenity (without being absent from his desk a single day for thirty years) until his death at Washington City April 22, 1814. Outlaw, David, was born in Bertie County, North Carolina; received a classical education, grad uating at the university of that State in 1824; stud ied law ; was admitted to the bar in 1827, and com menced practice at Windsor, North Carolina ; was a member for three years of the State House of Repre sentatives; was elected solicitor of Edenton District in 1830; was elected a representative from North Carolina in the Thirtieth Congress as a Whig, re ceiving 3,795 votes against 3,071 votes for Biggs, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-first Congress, receiving 4,053 votes against 3,477 votes for Person, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-second Con gress, receiving 2,808 votes against 1,759 votes for Martin, Democrat, serving from December 0, 1847, to March 3, 1853 ; was defeated as the Whig candi date for the thirty-third Congress, receiving 4,740 votes against 4,833 votes for Shaw, Democrat. Outlaw, George, was born in Bertie County, North Carolina; was elected a member of the House of Commons of the State legislature in 1790 and 1797. and of the State Senate in 1802, 1800-1808, 1810-1814, 1817, 1821, and 1822; was elected a representative from North Carolina in the Eighteenth Congress (in place of Hutchins G. Burton, resigned), serving from January 19, 1825, to March 3, 1825; and died August 15, 1S35. Overstreet, James, was born in Barwell Dis trict, South Carolina; was elected a representative from South Carolina in the Sixteenth Congress; was re-elected to the Seventeenth Congress, serving from December 0, 1819, to April 24, 1822; he was return ing home from Washington, accompanied by his wife, to whom he had but recently been married, when he was taken ill on the road near Salisbury, North Caro lina, and died in a few hours, April 24, 1822. Overton, Edward, jun., Avas born at Towan- da, Pennsylvania, February 4, 1830; graduated at Princeton College, New Jersey, in 1856; was ad mitted to the bar in May, 1858; entered the Union anny in September, 1801, as major of the Fiftieth Regiment of Pennsylvania Volunteers ; was promoted to lieutenant-colonel in 1863, and from that time commanded the regiment until mustered out October, 1804; served as register in bankruptcy from 1807 until elected in 187 i a representative from Pennsyl vania in the Forty-fifth Congress as a Republican, re ceiving 10,954 votes against 14,958 votes for Joseph Powell, Democrat, serving from October 15, 1877. Overton, Walter H., was born in Tennessee in 1783; entered the army as first lieutenant of infan try May 3, 1808; was promoted to be major of the Third Rifles February 21, 1814; was brevetted lieu tenant-colonel for gallant conduct at the battle of New Orleans ; commanded Fort St. Philip during the bombardment by the British fleet in January, 1815 ; resigned October 31, 1815; settled in Louisiana, and became interested in planting in the Red-River coun try; was elected a representative from Louisiana in the .Twenty-first Congress as a Democrat, serving from December?, 18L-9, to March 3, 1831; died on his plantation, near Alexandria, Louisiana, January 4, 1840. Owen, Allen F., was born in North Carolina; removed to Georgia, and resided at Talbotton; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Thirty- first Congress as a Whig, receiving 4,754 votes against 4,200 votes for Gary, Democrat, serving from Decem ber 3, 1849, to March 3, 1851; was appointed consul- general at Havana. Owen, George W., was born in Brunswick County, Virginia, in 1798; received an academical education ; removed to Mobile, Alabama ; was mayor of Mobile; was elected a representative from Ala bama in the Eighteenth Congress, defeating Bagby and Dinsmpre; was re-elected to the Nineteenth and Twentieth Congresses, serving from December 1, 1823, to March 3, 1829; was appointed collector of the port of Mobile in 1829 ; died at Mobile, Alabama, August 18, 1830. Owen, James, was born in Bladen County, North Carolina, in December, 1784; was educated at Pittsborough under Mr. Bingham; was a planter; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1808-1811 ; was elected a representative from North Carolina in the Fifteenth Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 1, 1817, until March 3, 1819; was president of the Wilmington and Raleigh Rail road. Owen, Robert Dale, was born at Glasgow, Scotland, November 7, 1801 ; received a classical edu cation, graduating at Ilofwyl College, near Berne, Switzerland; immigrated to this country with his father in 1823, and joined him in establishing a social community at New Harmony, Indiana; was an editor of "The Free Enquirer," published at New York 1828-1831 ; returned to New Harmony in 1832 ; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1835- 1838; was elected a representative from Indiana in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 0,704 votes against 0,102 votes for Payne, Whig; and was re-elected to the Twenty -ninth Congress, receiv ing 7,340 votes against 6,331 votes for Wilson, Whig, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1847 ; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Thir tieth Congress, receiving 7,054 votes against 7,445 votes for Embree, Whig; was appointed by President Pierce charr/e d affaires at Naples in 1853, and min ister in 1855, remaining there until 1858; was an earnest supporter of the Union in 1801, and served on a commission to investigate frauds in the purchase of arms; became a Spiritualist, and lost his reason, which he partially recovered; died at his summer residence on Lake George June 24, 1877. He pub lished "An Outline of the System of Education at New Lanark;" Moral Philosophy ;" Discussion with Origen Bachelor on the Personality of God, and the Authenticity of the Bible ;" "Pocahontas," an histori cal drama; "Hints on Public Architecture," with a hundred and thirteen illustrations; "Footfalls on the Boundary of Another World ;" "The Wrong of Slavery, and the Right of Emancipation;" "Beyond the Breakers," a novel; "The Debatable Land be- 560 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. tween this World and the Next;" and "Threading my Way," being twenty-seven years of autobiog raphy. Owens, George W., was born in Georgia; re ceived an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice a Savannah; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Twenty-fourth Congress as a Unionist on a general ticket, receiving 27,510 votes against 25,33 " votes for Foster, State-rights ; and was re-elected to the Twenty-fifth Congress, receiving 29,337 votes against 28,419 votes for Nisbet, State-rights, serving from December 7, 1835, to March 3, 1839; died a Savannah in 1856. Owsley, Bryan Y., was born in Kentucky; re sided at Jamestown; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Twenty-seventh Congress as ; Whig, serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1843 was defeated as the Whig candidate for the Twenty- eighth Congress, receiving 4,090 votes against 4,500 votes for Caldwell, Democrat, and 1,507 votes for Stone, Whig. Paca, William, was born at Wye Hall, Mary land, October 31, 1740; received a classical education, graduating at Philadelphia College in 1758; weni abroad, and studied law at the Middle Temple; was admitted to the bar; returned home, and practised at Annapolis; was a member of the State House oi Representatives 1771-1774; was a delegate from Maryland to the Continental Congress 1774-1779; was a member of the State Senate 1777-1779; was chief justice of Maryland 1778-1780; was chief jus tice of the Court of Appeals 1780-1782 ; was governor of Maryland 1782 and 1786; was a delegate to the State Convention which ratified the Federal Consti tution in 1788; was United-States judge for the dis trict of Maryland from 1789 until his death in 1799. Pacheco, Romualdo, was born at Santa Bar bara, California, October 31, 1831; was educated by private tutors; engaged in nautical pursuits, and subsequently in agriculture; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1853 ; was elected county-judge in 1853, serving for four years ; was a member of the State Senate in 1851, and again in 1861 ; was elected State treasurer in 1863; was elected lieutenant-governor in 1871, and became governor when Governor Booth was elected to the United- States Senate ; and was elected a representative from California in the Forty-fifth Congress as a Republican, receiving 19,104 votes against 19,103 votes for Peter D. Wiggintpn, Democrat, as declared by the gov ernor s certificate, but the House awarded the seat to Mr. Wigginton, who was admitted February 7, 1878. He was the first native Californian elected to Congress. Packard, Jasper, was born in Mahoning (for merly Trtimbull) County, Ohio, February 1, 1832; re moved with his father to Indiana in 1835; was brought up on a farm; was a student at Oberlin Col lege, and afterwards at the University of Michigan, where he graduated in 1855 ; taught school ; settled at Laporte, and edited "The Union;" studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1861; entered the Union army at the commencement of the war for the suppression of the Rebellion as a private ; served as a lieutenant in the Vicksburg campaign, and, dur ing the assault on that place, was wounded in the face ; was commissioned captain, and was in the march from Memphis to Chattanooga; received two promo tions during the Atlanta campaign, and in 1865 was appointed a brigadier-general by brevet for meritori ous services; on being mustered out of service in 1868, he was chosen auditor of Laporte County, holding the office until 1868, when he was elected a representative from Indiana in the Forty-first Con gress as a Republican, receiving 15,489 votes against 14,268 votes for Farrand, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress, receiving 14,490 votes against 13,052 votes for S. I. Anthony, Democrat; aud was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress, re ceiving 16,813 votes against 15,828 votes for Henricks, Liberal Republican, serving from March 4, 1869, to March 3, 1875. Packer, Asa, was born at Groton, Connecticut, December 29, 1806 ; received a public-school educa tion ; removed to Springville, Susquehanna County, Pennsylvania, in 1822; learned the carpenter s trade ; removed to Mauch Chunk in 1832 ; became largely interested in the production of coal and in railroads ; was a member of the State House of Representatives ; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 8,909 votes against 3,035 votes for Foster, Whig; and was re-elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress as a Nebraska Democrat, receiving 9,136 votes against 6,433 votes for Stewart, Whig, serving from Decem ber 5, 1853, to March 3, 1857 ; founded and endowed the Lehigh University; was a delegate to the National Democratic Convention of 1868 at New York. Packer, John B., was born at Sunbury, Penn sylvania, March 21, 1824; received an academic edu cation; studied law, and has, since his admission to the bar in 1844, continued in the practice of his pro fession ; was district-attorney from 1845 to 1847 ; was a member of the legislature of Pennsylvania in 1850 and 1851 ; was elected a representative from Pennsyl vania in the Forty-first Congress as a Republican, receiving 15,598 votes against 12,902 votes for Knipe, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty-second Con gress, receiving 13,597 votes against 11,147 votes for E. G. Scott, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty- third Congress, receiving 17,545 votes against 13,486 votes for A. Rutherford, Democrat, Liberal Re publican, and Labor Reformer ; and was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Congress as a Republican, receiving 12,528 votes against 9,678 votes for W. M. Breslin, Democrat, serving from March 4, 1869, to March 3, 1877. Paddock, Algernon S., was born at Glenn s Falls, New York, in 1830; educated at the Glenn s- Falls Academy, taking the regular Union-College course ; studied law ; removed to Omaha, Nebraska, in the spring of 1857; was a candidate for the Terri torial legislature in 1858; was a delegate to the First Territorial Republican Convention of Nebraska in 1859; was a delegate to the National Republican Convention at Chicago in 18GO ; was appointed secre tary of Nebraska in April, 1861, by Abraham Lin coln, which office he held until admission of the State in 1867, acting as governor a considerable part of this period; was a delegate to the National Re publican Convention at Baltimore in 1864 ; was In dependent Republican candidate for Congress in 1866; was appointed governor of Wyoming Territory in 1868, and declined; was elected a United-States senator "rom Nebraska as a Republican (to succeed Thomas W. Tipton), receiving all votes, Republican and Democratic, in joint convention, but twelve; took lis seat in March, 1875. His term of service will ex- Dire March 4, 1881. Page, Horace Francis, was born in Orleans ounty, New York, October 20, 1833; received a mblic-scliool education; emigrated to California in L854; is a stage-proprietor and mail-contractor; was unanimously nominated for the State Senate by the Republican Convention of El Dorado County in 1869, and defeated ; and was elected a representative from California in the Forty-third Congress as a Repub- ican, receiving 13,803 votes against 12,819 votes for ?. Coggins, Liberal Republican, indorsed by the democratic Convention; was re-elected to the Forty- ~ourth Congress as a Republican, receiving 13,625 rotes against 12,287 votes for H. Larkin, Democrat, xnd 5,324 votes for C. A. Tuttle, Independent ; was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 20,815 votes against 15,916 votes for C. J. Carpenter, democrat, serving from December 1, 1873. Page, John, was born at "Rosewell," Glouces- er County, Virginia, April 17, 1743; received a clas- STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 561 sical education, graduating at William and Mary College in 1763; was prominent in pre-Revolutionary movements; was a delegate in 1770 to the Constitu tional Convention; served in the Revolutionary army as colonel of a regiment raised to repel the British ; was elected a representative from Virginia in the First Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Second, Third, and Fourth Congresses, serving from March 4, 17S9, to March 3, 1797 ; was commissioner of loans from Virginia from 1806 until his death at Richmond, Virginia, October 11, 1808. He published " Political Addresses " 1796-1799. Page, John, was born at Haverhill, New Hamp shire, May 21, 1787; received an academical educa tion, and cultivated his ancestral acres; was ap pointed assistant United-States tax-assessor in 1813, and assessor in 1815; was a member of the State legislature in 1818-1820 and 1835; was annually elected (with the exception of one year) register of deeds for Graf ton County 1828-1834; was elected State councillor in March, 1836;. and the following June was elected to the United-States Senate as a Democrat (to fill the vacancy caused by the resigna- nation of Isaac Hill), serving from June 13, 1836, until March 3, 1837 ; was again elected State council lor in 1838 ; was governor of New Hampshire 1840- 1842 ; was a Royal Arch Mason ; and died at Haver- hill, New Hampshire, September 8, 1865. Page, Mann, was a delegate from Virginia to the Continental Congress in 1777. Page, Robert, was born in Virginia; was a mem ber of the State House of Representatives; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Sixth Congress as a Federalist, serving from December 2, 1799, to March 3, 1801. Page, Sherman, was born in Connecticut; re ceived a public-school education; removed to New York, and settled at Unadilla ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1827 ; was a judge of the Court of Common Pleas in Otsego County; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-third Congress as a Jackson Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty-fourth Congress, serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1837; died at Unadilla. Paine, Elijah, was born at Brooklyn, Connecti cut, January 21, 1757; received a classical education, graduating at Harvard College in 1781; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1784, and commenced practice; also engaged in agriculture and manufac tures ; was a delegate to the Constitutional Conven tion in 1786; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1787-1791 ; was a judge of the State Supreme Court 1791-1795 ; was elected a United-States senator from Vermont as a Federalist, serving from December 7, 1795, to March 3, 1801 ; was United-States judge for the district of Vermont from 1801 until his death at Williamstown, Vermont, April 28, 1842. Paine, Ephraim, was a delegate from New York to the Continental Congress 1784-1785. Paine, Halbert E., was born at Chardon, Ohio, February 4, 1826; received a classical education, graduating at the Western-Reserve College in 1845; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1848, and commenced practice at Cleveland, Ohio; removed to Milwaukee, Wisconsin, in 1857; entered the Union army in May, 1861, as colonel of the Fourth Wiscon sin Volunteers ; was promoted to the rank of briga dier-general in January, 1863; lost a leg the following June, while in command of the Third Division of the Nineteenth Corps, at the last assault on Port Hudson; was brevet-ted major-general in March, 1865; having resigned in May, 1865, was elected a representative from Wisconsin in the Thirty-ninth Congress as a Republican, receiving 13,860 votes against 13,278 votes for John W. Gary, Democrat; was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, receiving 14.679 votes against 10,298 votes for Brown, Demo crat; was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress, re ceiving 17,513 votes against 17,084 votes for Mitchell, Democrat, serving from December 4, 1865. to March 3, 1871 ; resumed the practice of law at Washington City. Paine, Robert T., was born at Eden ton, North Carolina; was elected a representative from North Carolina in the Thirty-fourth Congress as an Ameri can, receiving 5,228 votes against 4,882 votes for Shaw, Democrat, serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1857. Paine, Robert Treat, was born at Boston, Massachusetts, March 11, 1731; received a classical education, graduating at Harvard University in 1749; kept school ; studied theology, and acted as chaplain to the Northern Provincial troops; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1759, and commenced practice at Taunton ; was a member of the Colonial House of Representatives 1773 ; was a delegate to the Provin cial Congress 1774-1775 ; was a delegate from Massa chusetts to the Continental Congress 1774-1778; was attorney-general of Massachusetts, and a member of the Executive Council ; was a delegate to the Consti tutional Convention in 1779 ; removed to Boston in 1780; was a judge of the Supreme Court of Massa chusetts 1790-1804; died at Boston May 11, 1814. Palen, Rufus, was born in Sullivan County, New York; received a public-school education; re sided at Fallsburg ; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-sixth Congress as a Whig, receiving 5,453 votes against 4,615 votes for Anthony Hasbrouck, Democrat, serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1841 ; died at Albany, New York, April 26, 1841. Palfrey, John Gorham, was born at Boston, Massachusetts, May 2, 1796; received a classical edu cation, graduating at Harvard College in 1815 ; stud ied theology; was ordained minister of Brattle- square Church, Boston, as successor of Edward Everett, June 17, 1818; was professor of sacred literature and dean of the divinity-school at Cam bridge 1831-1839; was editor of " The North-Ameri can Review" 1835-1843; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1842-1843; was secretary of state of Massachusetts 1844-1848; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Thir tieth Congress as a Whig, receiving 4,513 votes against 3,754 votes for Robinson, Democrat, and 659 votes Abolition and scattering, serving from December 6, 1847, to March 3, 1849; was defeated as the Free-soil candidate for the Thirty-first Congress ; was one of the editors of "The Boston Commonwealth;" was appointed by President Lincoln postmaster at Boston 1861-1866. He has published " History of New Eng land to 1688" in three volumes, " History of Brattle- square Church," " Life of Colonel William Palfrey," " Lectures on the Jewish Scriptures and Antiquities," "Lectures on the Evidences of Christianity," "Re view of Lord Mahon s History of England," "Rela tion between Judaism and Christianity," "Centen nial Discourse at Barnstable," " The Progress of the Slave Power," and a number of essays, orations, and addresses. Palmer, Beriah, was born in New York; re ceived a public-school education ; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1792-1795; re sided at Ballston ; was elected a representative from New York in the Eighth Congress, serving from Oc tober 17, 1803, to March 3, 1805. Palmer, Prank W., was born at Manchester, Indiana, October 11, 1827; received a common-school education ; was apprenticed to the art of printing in Jamestown, New York; became joint proprietor an.d editor of " The Jamestown Journal " in 1848; in 1853 and in 1854 was elected a member of the legislature of New York ; in 1858 he removed to Dubuque, Iowa, and became editor and one of the proprietors of " The Dubuque Daily Times; " in 1860 he was elected State printer of Iowa, and was re-elected in 1862, 1864, and 1866 ; was editor and proprietor of " The Iowa State Register" from May, 1861, to December, 18(56, and editor-in-chief from December, 1866, to June, 1868; 562 CONGRESSIONAL, DIRECTORY. was elected a representative from Iowa in the Forty- first Congress as a Republican, receiving 20,409 votes against 13,402 votes for P. Gad Bryan, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress as a Republican, receiving 19,798 votes against 12,510 votes for B. F. Montgomery, Democrat, serving from March 4, 1SG9, to March 3, 1873 ; removed to Chicago ; edited The Chicago Inter-Ocean;" was appointed a member of the Postal Commission created by Con gress iu. 1870; was appointed by President Hayes postmaster at Chicago February 27, 1877. Palmer, George W\, was born at Hoosick, New York, January 13, 1818; received a public-school education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Plattsburg; was surro gate of Clinton County January 24, 1844-June 7, 1847 ; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Republican, receiv ing 0,799 votes against 4,303 votes for Averill, Demo crat, and 4,129 votes for Ross, American ; was re-elect ed to the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving 7,058 votes against 0,079 votes for Waldo, Democrat, and 1,589 votes for Watson, American, serving from December 7, 1857, to March 3, 1801 ; was a delegate to the Na tional Republican Convention at Baltimore in 1804; was appointed in 1800 a judge of the Mixed Court at Sierra Leone, under the treaty with Great Britain for the suppression of the slave-trade. Palmer, John, was born at Hoosick, New York, in 1785; received an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1810, and commenced practice at Plattsburg in partnership with Chancellor Wai worth; was elected a representative from New York in the Fifteenth Congress as a Democrat, serv ing from December 1, 1817, to March 3, 1819; was district-attorney for Clinton County 1817-1841 ; was again elected to the Twenty-fifth Congress, serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1839 ; was first judge of Clinton County ; his health failing, he visit ed the West Indies for his health, and died of con sumption at St. Bartholomew December 8, 1840. Palmer, William Adams, was born in Ver mont; received an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice at Danville, Vermont; was a member for six years of the State House of Representatives, and for two years of the State Senate; was for eight years clerk of the Caledonia-county courts; was a judge of the Supreme Court 1810-1818; was elected a United- States senator from Vermont (in place of James Fisk, resigned), serving from November 10, 1818, to March 3, 1825; was a delegate to the Constitutional Convention of 1828; was governor of Vermont 1831- 1835; was a delegate to the Constitutional Conven tion of 1835 ; died at Danville, Vermont, December 12, 1800. Park, Benjamin, was born in New Jersey September 2, 1777; received a public-school educa tion ; removed to that portion of the North-western Territory which afterwards became the State of In diana in 1801 ; was elected a delegate from Indiana Territory in the Ninth Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Tenth Congress, serving from De cember 12, 1805, to March 1, 1808, when he resigned, having been appointed by President Jefferson judge of the United-States District Court, which position he held until his death at Salem, Indiana, July 12, 1835. Parker, Amasa J., was bom at Sharon, Con necticut, in 1807; received a classical education, graduating at Union College, New York; studied law ; was admitted to the bar in October, 1828, and commenced practice at Delhi, New York ; was a mem ber of the State House of Representatives in 1833, and a regent of the State University in 1835 ; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1839; was appointed in 1844 a circuit-judge, and vice-chancellor of the Court in Equity; was elected a justice of the Su preme Court for the Third District June 7, 1847- June 7, 1855; was appointed by President Buchanan in 1859 United-States attorney for the district of New York; was a delegate to the State Constitu tional Convention in 1807. Parker, Andrew, was born in Pennsylvania; resided at Mifflintown; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-second Congress as a Democrat, receiving 7,270 votes against (5,803 votes for McCulloch, Democrat, serving from De cember 1, 1851, to March 3, 1853. Parker, Hosea W., was born at Lempster, New Hampshire, May 30, 1833 ; received an academic education at South Woodstock, Vermont; entered Tufts College in 1855, and left during his sophomore year; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1859; was a member of the legislature of New Hamp shire in 1859-1800; removed to Claremont in 1800, and commenced the practice of law, in which he has since been engaged; was a member of the Dem ocratic National Convention in 1808; was elected a representative from New Hampshire in the Forty- second Congress as a Democrat, receiving 127 major ity over S. G. Griffin, Republican; and was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1875. Parker, Isaac, was born at Boston, Massachu setts, June 17, 1708; received a classical education, graduating at Harvard College in 1780; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Castine, in the district of Maine; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Fifth Con gress, serving from May 15, 1797, to March 3, 1799; was appointed by President Adams United-States marshal for the district of Maine; removed to Port land ; was appointed in 1800 a judge of the Supreme Court, and was chief justice of the Supreme Court 1814-1820; was professor of law at Harvard Univer sity 1810-1827 ; was a delegate to the Massachusetts Convention for the revision of the Constitution in 1820, and its president; died at Boston, Massachu setts, May 20, 1830. He published a " Sketch of the Character of Judge Parsons." Parker, Isaac C., was born in Belmont County, Ohio, October 15, 1838; worked on a farm until he was seventeen years of age; received an academic education; taught school for four years; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1859; removed to St. Joseph, Missouri, and commenced practice; was elected city-attorney of St. Joseph in 1801, 1802, and 1803; raised a company for the First Nebraska In fantry in 1801 ; was in the military service in Mis souri during the Rebellion, holding the rank of corpo ral ; was elected a member of the Electoral College of Missouri in 1804 ; was elected circuit-attorney in 1804, and held the office until he resigned in 1807 ; was elect ed in 1808 circuit-judge for six years, but resigned in October, 1870 ; was elected a representative from Missouri in the Forty-second Congress as a Repub lican, receiving 13,714 votes against 10,723 votes for J. H. Ellis, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress, receiving 13,233 votes against 13,090 votes for B. Pike, Democrat, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1875. Parker, James, was born at Boston, Massa chusetts, in 1708; received an academical education; studied medicine ; was admitted to practice, and lo cated at Gardiner, Maine (then Massachusetts); held several local offices; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Thirteenth Congress as a Democrat, serving from May 24, 1813, to March 2, 1815; was again elected to the Sixteenth Congress, serving from December 0, 1819, to March 3, 1821; died at Gardiner, Maine, November 9, 1837. Parker, James, was born at Bethlehem Town ship, Hunterdon County, New Jersey, March 1, 1770; received a classical education, graduating at Columbia College, New York, in 1793; entered a counting-room in New York, and remained there until 1797, when he removed to Perth Amboy ; was STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 563 elected eleven years a member of the State House of Representatives; was a presidential elector on the Jackson ticket in 1824; was collector of the customs at Perth Amboy 1829-1833; was elected a representa tive from New Jersey in the Twenty-third Congress as a Jackson Democrat ; was re-elected to the Twenty-fourth Congress, serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1837; was one of the commission ers appointed in 1807, 1827, and 1833, to obtain a set tlement of the boundary question between New York and New Jersey; was a delegate to the Constitu tional Convention in 1844. Parker, John, was a delegate from South Caro lina to the Continental Congress 178(3-1788. Parker, John Mason, was born at Granville, New York. June 14, 1805; received a classical edu cation, graduating at Middlebury College, Vermont, in 1828; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1830, and commenced practice at Owego, New York ; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-fourth Congress as a Whig, receiving 7,915 votes against 3,4(57 votes for McDowell, Democrat, and 1,904 votes for Gushing, Democrat; was re- elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving 12,383 votes against 8,374 votes for Hathaway, Democrat, and 1,229 votes for Lawrence, American, serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1859. Parker, Josiah, was born in Eastern Virginia; was elected a representative from Virginia in the First Congress; was re-elected to the Second, Third, Fourth, Fifth, and Sixth Congresses, serving from March 4, 1789, to March 3, 1801, when a re-district ing of the State excluded him from the Norfolk district; died in Isle-of- Wight County, Virginia, March 21, 1810. Parker, Nahum, was born in New Hampshire in 1759 ; was State councillor 1805-1807 ; was elected a United-States senator from New Hampshire, serving from October 20, 1807, to 1810, when he re signed; was judge of the Court of Common Pleas for Hillsborough County 1822-1825; was a member of the State Senate and its president in 1828 ; died in Hillsborough County in 1839. Parker, Richard, was born in Clarke County, Virginia; received an academic education; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice at Berry ville, Virginia; was elected a represen tative from Virginia in the Thirty-first Congress as a Democrat, receiving 083 majority over Charles J. Faulkner, Whig, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3. 1851 ; was elected by the legislature of Vir ginia, while a member of Congress, to be judge of the Thirteenth Judicial Circuit of that State (in the place of Judge Douglass, deceased). Parker, Richard B., was born in Loudon County, Virginia, in 1777; received a public-school education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, aud practised ; was a member of the State House of Representatives ; was for many years successively a judge of the General Court and the Circuit Court of Virginia; was elected a United-States senator from Virginia (in place of Benjamin W. Leigh, resigned), serving from December 15, 1830, to February 13, 1837, when he resigned, having been elected by the legislature of Virginia one of the judges of the Court of Appeals (in the place of Tabney Carr, deceased) ; died at Snickersville, Virginia, November 6, 1840. Parker, Samuel "W., was born in Jefferson County, New York, September 9, 1805; received a classical education, graduating at Miami University, Ohio, in 1828; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1831, and commenced practice at Connersville ; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1S30-1841; was for two years State attorney; was elected a representative from Indiana in the Thirty- second Congress as a Whig, receiving 5,102 votes against 4,540 votes for Julian, Democrat; was re- elected to the Thirty-third Congress, receiving 7, 181 votes against 0,153 votes for Grose, Democrat, serv ing from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1855; was a presidential elector on the Clay ticket in 1845, and on the Fremont ticket in 1850; was elected president of the Junction Railway Company of Indiana; became largely interested in agricultural pursuits. Parker, Severn E., was born in Northampton County, Virginia; received a public-school educa tion; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice; was for several years a mem ber of the State House of Representatives; held several county offices; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Sixteenth Congress, serving from December 6, 1819, to March 3, 1821 ; died in Northampton County, Virginia, October 21, 18*6. ^Parks, Gorhani, was born in Massachusetts in 1793; received a classical education, graduating at Harvard College in 1813; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Bangor; was elected a representative from Maine in the Twenty- third Congress as a Democrat ; was re-elected to the Twenty-fourth Congress, receiving 1,210 majority, serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1837; was United-States marshal for the district of Maine 1838-1841 ; was United-States attorney for the dis trict of Maine 1843-1845; was United-States consul at Rio Janeiro 1845-1849. Parmenter, William, was born in East Cam bridge, Massachusetts, March 30, 1789; received an academical education; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Democrat and anti-Mason, receiving 4,034 votes against 3,110 votes for S. Hoar, Whig, and others; was re-elected to the Twenty-sixth Congress, receiv ing 4,397 votes against 4,307 votes for Nathan Brooks, Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-seventh Con gress, and was re-elected to the Twenty-eighth Con gress, serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1845 ; was appointed by President Polk naval officer at the port of Boston, serving from 1845 to 1849 ; died at East Cambridge, Massachusetts, February 25, 1800. Parris, Albion Keith, was born at Hebron, Maine, January 19, 1788 ; was reared on a farm ; re ceived a classical education, graduating at Dart mouth College in 1800; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1809, and commenced practice at Paris, Maine ; was prosecuting-attorney for Oxford County in 1811; was a member of the State House of Repre sentatives in 1813, and a State senator in 1814 ; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Fourteenth Congress as a Democrat, and was re- elected to the Fifteenth Congress, serving from De cember 4, 1815, to 1818, when he resigned ; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention of 1819; was appointed judge of probate for Cumber land County in 1820; was elected governor of Maine, receiving 629 majority over two other candidates, and was four times re-elected, sen-ing from 1822 to 1827; was elected a United-States senator from Maine, serving from December 3, 1827, to August 26, 1828, when he resigned ; was a judge of the Supreme Court of Maine 1828-1830; was second comptroller of the United-States Treasury June 18, 1830-Novem- ber 27, 1850; returned to Portland, Maine, and was elected mayor of the city in 1852; died at Portland, Maine, February 11, 1857. Parris, Virgil Delphini, was born in Maine; received an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Buckfield; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1833-1838; was elected a representa tive from Maine in the Twenty-fifth Congress (in place of Timothy J. Carter, deceased) as a Demo crat, receiving 4,412 votes against 3,080 votes for Zadock Long, Whig, and 242 votes scattering ; was re-elected to the Twenty-sixth Congress, serving from May 29, 1838, to March 3, 1841 ; was a member of the State Senate in 1842 and 1843, serving a short time as president pro tempore and acting-governor of the State; was United-States marshal for the district 564 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. of Maine 1844-1848, United-States special mail agent 1853-1856, and naval storekeeper at the Kit- terv Navy Yard; died at Paris, Maine, June 14. 1870. Parrish, Isaac, was born in Ohio; resided at Cambridge; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Twenty-sixth Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1841 ; was again elected to the Twenty-ninth Congress, serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1847. Parrott, John F., was born in Greenland, New Hampshire, in 1708; received a public-school edu cation; was a member of the State House of Repre sentatives in 1811 ; was defeated as a War candidate for representative in the Thirteenth Congress, receiv ing 10,051 votes on a general ticket against 18,589 votes for Daniel Webster, Peace candidate; was elected a representative from New Hampshire in the Fifteenth Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 1, 1817, to March 3, 1819; was elected a United-States senator from New Hampshire, serving from December 6, 1819, to March 3, 1825; was ap pointed postmaster at Portsmouth in 1820; died at Greenland, New Hampshire, July 9, 1830. Parrott, Marcus J., was born at Hamburg, South Carolina, October 27, 1828; received a classical education, graduating at Dickinson College, Penn sylvania, in 1849; studied law at Cambridge; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Ohio; was a member of the Ohio State House of Representatives in 1853 and 1854; removed to Leav- enworth City, Kansas; was elected a delegate from Kansas Territory in the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Republican ; was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Con gress, serving from December 7, 1857, to March 3, 1801. Parsons, Edward Young, was bom at Mid- dletown, Kentucky, December 12, 1842; attended the public schools at Louisville until he Avas twelve years of age, when he studied a year at the High School of St. Louis; returning to Louisville, he entered the university of the public schools of that city, and graduated with first honors in June, 1801; after teaching in that school for three years, during which time he studied law, he received the degree of master of arts; entering the Louisville Law School, he graduated in 1805; after practising law a few months at Henderson, Kentucky, commenced practice at Louisville, and has since been engaged in it, holding no public offices; he was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 4,300 votes against 85 J votes for John T. Gray, Democrat, and 313 votes for Logan A. Wood, Democrat, serving from December 6. 1875, to July 8, 1870, when he died at Washington City. Parsons, Lewis E., was appointed provisional governor of Alabama by President Johnson in 18G5; was elected a senator from Alabama in 1805 for the term ending March 3, 1871. and his credentials were presented February 13, 1800, but not acted on. Parsons, Richard C., was born at New London, Connecticut, October 10, 1820; received a liberal education; removed to Ohio at the age of twenty years, and entered upon the study of the law ; was admitted to practice in October, 1851; in the same year was elected a member of the city council of Cleveland, and the subsequent year president of that body ; in 1857 he was elected to the Ohio legislature, and in 1859 was re-elected, and chosen speaker of the House of Representatives ; in 1801 he was tendered by President Lincoln the mission to Chili, which he declined, and subsequently was appointed consul at Rio Janeiro, where lie served one year, resigning in 1802; was appointed collector of internal revenue at Cleveland, which place he filled for four years, when he was removed by Andrew Johnson ; in 1800 he re ceived the appointment of marshal of the Supreme Court of the United States, and served six years; and was elected a representative from Ohio in the Forty-third Congress as a Republican, receiving 13,101 votes against 10,377 votes for S. Chamberlain, Liberal Republican, serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1875; was defeated as the Republican candidate for the Forty-fourth Congress, receiving 11,330 votes against 13,849 votes for Henry B. Payne, Democrat, and 304 votes for Goodman, Pro hibitionist. Partridge, George, was born at Duxbury, Mas sachusetts, February 8, 1740; received a classical education, graduating at Harvard College in 17(52; studied divinity, but was never ordained; taught school at Kingston, Massachusetts; was a delegate to the Provincial Congress 1774-1775; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1775-1779; was a delegate from Massachusetts to the Continental Congress 1779-1782 and 1783-1785; was sheriff of Plymouth County for several years; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the First Con gress, serving from March 4, 1789, to 1790, when he resigned; died at Duxbury, Massachusetts, July 8, 1828. Partridge, Samuel, was born in New York; resided at Ehnira; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-seventh Congress as a Democrat, receiving 10,374 votes against 10,245 votes for Ezra S. Sweet, Whig, serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1843. Paterson, William, was born at sea, of Irish parents, in 1745; received a classical education, graduating at Princeton College in 1703; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1769, and com menced practice ; was a delegate to the State Consti tutional Convention in 1770; was attorney-general of the State of New Jersey 1770-1780; was a delegate to the Continental Congress in 1780 and 1781 ; was elected one of the first United-States senators from New Jersey, serving from March 4, 1789, to March 2, 1790, when he resigned ; was governor of New Jersey 1791-1793 ; was appointed by President Washington a justice of the Supreme Coiirt of the United States, serving from March 4, 1793, until his death at Albany, New York, September 9, 1806. He pub lished in 1799 a revised edition of "The Laws of New Jersey." Patterson, David T., was born in Greene County, Tennessee, February 28, 1819; received an academical education ; was engaged in manufactur ing pursuits; studied and practised law; was elected a judge of the Circuit Court in 1854, and re-elected in 1802; was elected United-States senator from Tennessee as a Conservative after the reconstruction of that State, serving from July 20, 1806, to March 4, 1809. Patterson, George "W., was born at London- deny, New Hampshire, November 11, 1799; received an academic education; taught school one season; removed to Livingston County, New York, in 1818, thence to Warsaw, New York, in 1822, and thence, in 1825, to Leicester, New York, where he carried on a farm, and was engaged in the manufacture of agri cultural implements ; was commissioner of highways, school commissioner, justice of the peace, brigade paymaster, and supervisor of Leicester; was a mem ber of the State Assembly eight years, the last two of which, 1839 and 1840, he was speaker of the House; removed to Westfield, New York, in 1841, to take charge of the Chautauqua land-office, and continues to hold that position ; was appointed basin commissioner at Albany by Governor Seward, harbor commissioner at New York by Governor Clark, and quarantine commissioner for the port of New York by Governor Morgan ; was a delegate to the National Republican Convention that nominated John C. Fremont for president, and to the National Repub lican Convention that renominated Abraham Lincoln for a second presidential term; has been supervisor of Westfield three years; represented Chautauqua County in the State Constitutional Convention in 1846; was elected lieutenant-governor of the State of New York in 1848; and was elected a representative from New York in the Forty-fifth Congress as a STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 565 Republican, receiving 16,910 votes against 10,601 votes for James Freland, Democrat, serving from October 15, 1877. Patterson, James W M was born at Henniker, New Hampshire, July 2, 1823; graduated at Dart mouth College ; was secretary of the State Board oi Education from 1857 to 1861 ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1862; was a representative from New Hampshire in the Thirty- eighth Congress as a Republican, receiving 10,947 votes against 10,571 votes for W. Burns, Democrat ; was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiv ing 11,687 votes against 9,099 votes for Bingham, Democrat, serving from December 7, 18G3, to March 3, 1867; was elected a United-States senator (to suc ceed George G. Fogg, Republican), serving from 1867 to March 4, 1873; was a professor at Dartmouth Col lege; was again a member of the State House of Representatives in 1877 and 1878. Patterson, John, was born in Tioga County, New York; held several local offices ; was elected a representative from New York in the Eighth Con gress, serving from October 17, 1803, to March 3, 1805. Patterson, John, resided at St. Clairsville, Ohio; was elected a representative from that State in the Eighteenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1823, to March 3, 1825. Patterson, John James, was born at Water loo, Juniata County, Pennsylvania, August 8, 1830; graduated at Jefferson College, Pennsylvania, in 1848; was editor of "The Juniata Sentinel " in the Scott presidential campaign of 1852, and for ten years afterward was editor of " The Harrisburg Telegraph;" was engaged in banking, and in the management of railroads; was a member of the State legislature of Pennsylvania in 1858, 1859, 1860, and 1861; removed to South Carolina in 1869; served in the Union army on the staff of General Williams of Pennsylvania; was elected United-States senator from South Carolina as a Republican (to succeed Frederick A. Sawyer, Republican), and took his seat March 4, 1873. His term of service will expire March 3, 1879. Patterson, Thomas, was born in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania; resided at West Middleton; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Fifteenth Congress as a Democrat ; was re-elected to the Sixteenth, Seventeenth, and Eighteenth Con gresses, serving from December 1, 1817, to March 3, 1825. Patterson, Thomas J., was born in New York; resided at Rochester; was elected a represen tative from New York in the Twenty-eighth Con gress as a Whig, receiving 5,333 votes against 5,298 votes for Sampson, Democrat, and 281 votes for Sperry, Abolitionist, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1845. Patterson, Thomas M., was born in the County of Carlow, Ireland, November 4, 1840; im migrated to the United States when young, and received a common-school education in Indiana, followed by a year s studies at Asbury University, Greencastle, Indiana, and a year s studies at Wabash College. Crawfordsville, Indiana; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Denver, Colo rado; never held public office until he was elected a delegate from Colorado in the Forty-fourth Con gress as a Democrat, receiving 9,633 votes against 7,470 votes for H. Bromwell, Republican; was re- elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, but the certificate of election was awarded to James B. Belford ; Mr. Patterson contested the seat, and it was given to him by tlit House December 13, 1877. Patterson, "Walter, was born in Columbia County, New York; resided at Livingston; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1818; was elected a representative from New York in the Seventeenth Congress, serving from December 3, 1821, to March 3, 1823. Patterson, William, was born in Maryland; removed to Ohio, and settled at Mansfield; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Twenty- third Congress as a Jackson Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty-fourth Congress, serving from De cember 2, 1833, to March 3, 1837. Patterson, William, was born at Londonderry, New Hampshire, June 4, 1789; removed to the Gene- see Valley, New York, in 1815 ; was elected a rep resentative from New York in the Twenty-fifth Con gress as a Whig, serving from September 4, 1837, to August 18, 1838, when he died at Warsaw, his health having been impaired by night sessions. Patton, John, was born in Kent County, Dela ware, in 1746; received a public-school education; served in the Revolutionary war as an officer of the Delaware line, or "Blue Hen s Chickens; was a delegate from Delaware to the Continental Congress from 1785 to 1786; was elected a representative from Delaware in the Third Congress, serving from De cember 2, 1793, to February 14, 1794, when his elec tion was successfully contested by Mr. Latimer, who took the seat; was again elected to the Fourth Con gress, serving from December 7, 1795, to March 3, 1797 ; died at Dover, Delaware, June 17, 1801. Patton, John, was born in Pennsylvania; re sided at Curwensville; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-seventh Congress as a Republican, receiving 9,699 votes against 8,436 votes for Kerr, Democrat, serving from July 4, 1861, to March 3, 1863. Patton, John Mercer, was born in Virginia in 1796; received a classical education, graduating at Princeton College; studied medicine, and graduated at the Philadelphia Medical College, but never prac tised, as he preferred the legal profession; was ad mitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Fred- ericksburg, Virginia; was elected a representative in the Twenty-first Congress (to fill a vacancy occa sioned by the death of Philip P. Barbour) as a Demo crat; was re-elected to the Twenty-second, Twenty- third, Twenty-fourth, and Twenty-fifth Congresses, without even a nominal opposition, serving from 1830 until 1838; opposed the election of Van Buren, and resigned to resume practice; removed to Rich mond, and became there the leader of the bar of Virginia ; and died at Richmond October 29, 1858. Paulding, William, jun., was born at Tarry- town, New York, in 1769; received an academical ducation; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at New York ; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention in 1821 ; was elected a representative from New York in the Twelfth Congress as a Democrat, receiving a major ity of 580 votes, serving from November 4, 1811, to March 3, 1813; was absent from his seat the last session, having taken the field as brigadier-general of volunteer militia; was mayor of the city of New York March 6, 1824-March 5, 1826; retired to his state at Tarrytown, where he died February 11, 1854. Pawling, Levi, was elected a representative Tom Pennsylvania in the Fifteenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1817, to March 3, 1819. Payne, Henry B., was born in Hamilton Coun- ;y, New York, November 30, 1810; was educated at [lamilton College, New York; studied law under John C. Spencer of Canandaigua; was admitted to :he bar, and commenced practice at Cleveland, Ohio, n 1834; has been for the last twenty years largely nterested in railroad and manufacturing enterprises^, was a member of the State Senate of Ohio in 1849- 1850; was chosen a presidential elector in 1848; was lie Democratic candidate for the United-States sena- ;orship in the protracted contest of 1851 ; was the democratic candidate for governor against Salmon P. base in 1857 ; was a delegate to the Cincinnati Con vention in 1854, the Charleston Convention in 1860, and the Baltimore Convention in 1872; and was :lected a representative from Ohio in the Forty-fourth Congress by the Democrats and Liberal Republicans, 566 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. receiving 13,849 votes against 11,330 votes for Richard C. Parsons, Republican, and 364 votes for Goodman, Prohibitionist, serving from December 6, 1875, to March 3, 1877 ; was defeated as the Democratic can didate for the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 14,521 votes against 17,891 votes for Amos Townsend, Re publican, Payne, William Winter, was born in Fauquier County, Virginia, January 2, 1807; received an aca demical education; removed to Franklin County, Alabama, in 1825; represented that county in the State House of Representatives in 1831, and, remov ing to Sumter County, was successively elected from that county from 1834 until 1838 ; was an unsuccess ful candidate for the State Senate in 1839 ; was again elected to the House in 1840; was elected a repre sentative from Alabama in the Twenty-seventh Con gress as a Democrat on a general ticket; was re- elected to the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Demo crat, receiving 3,251 votes against 2,956 votes for Elisha Young, Whig ; was re-elected to the Twenty- ninth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 4,899 votes against 2,769 votes for John Erwin, Independent, serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1847; was an unsuccessful candidate for renomination in 1847; removed to Virginia in 1848, and settled on a planta tion near Warrenton. Paynter, Lemuel, was born in Delaware; re ceived a public-school education; resided at Phila delphia; was elected a representative from Pennsyl vania in the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 2,260 votes against 1,764 votes for J, B. Sutherland, Whig; and was re-elected to the Twen ty-sixth Congress, receiving 3,675 votes against 2,994 votes for J. B. Sutherland, Whiff, serving from Sep tember 4, 1837, to March 3, 1841. Peabody, Nathaniel, was born at Topsfield, Massachusetts, March 1, 1741 ; received an academic education at Leominster, Massachusetts; studied medicine there with his father, Dr. Jacob Peabody; was licensed, and commenced practice at Plaistow, New Hampshire, in 1761; was commissioned lieuten ant-colonel in 1774, but ardently espoused the Revo lutionary cause, and was the first man in the prov ince of New Hampshire to resign a royal commission; was elected one of the Committee of Safety January U, 1776; was appointed adjutant-general of the New- Hampshire militia July 19, 1777, and served in com mand of a brigade in Rhode Island in 1779; was a delegate from New Hampshire in the Continental Congress in 1779-1780; was a member of the State Constitutional Convention in 1782-1783; was again elected a delegate to the Continental Congress in 1786, but did not act; was a member for eight years of the State legislature, serving as speaker in 1793; held many other important trusts during the Revolu tionary struggle, but became pecuniarily embar rassed, and had to pass the latter years of his life within the debtor s limits of the jail at Exeter, New Hampshire, where he died June 27, 1823. Pearce, Duttee J., was born on the Island of Prudence, Rhode Island, in 1789; received a classical education, graduating at Brown University in 1808; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Newport ; was United-States attorney for the district of Rhode Island; was adjutant-general of Rhode Island 1819-1825; was a presidential elector on the Monroe ticket in 1821 ; was for several years a member of the State House of Representatives ; was elected a representative from Rhode Island in the Nineteenth Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Twentieth Congress; was re-elected to the Twenty-first Congress, receiving 1,871 majority ; was re-elected to the Twenty-second Congress, receiving 619 majority; was re-elected to the Twenty-third Congress ; was re-elected to the Twenty-fourth Con gress, receiving 238 majority over R. B. Cranston, Whig, serving from December 5, 1825, to March 3, 1837; died at Newport, Rhode Island, May 9, 1849. Pearce, James Alfred, was born at Alexan dria (then in the District of Columbia) December 14, 1805; received a classical education, graduating at Princeton College in 1822 ; studied law under J udge Glenn at Baltimore; was admitted to the bar in 1824, and commenced practice at Cambridge. Maryland ; re moved to Louisiana in 1825, and engaged in planting, but, in 1827, returned to Maryland, and resumed the practice of law in Kent County ; was a member of the lower House of the legislature of Maryland in 1831 ; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Twenty-fourth Congress as a Whig; was re- elected to the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Whig, receiv ing a majority of 28 over Evans, Democrat, serving from December 7, 1835, to March 3, 1839; was a candi date for re-election to the Twenty-sixth Congress, but was defeated, receiving 3,648 votes against 3,836 votes for P. F. Thomas, Democrat; was again elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress as a Whig; was elected to the United-States Senate in 1843 as a Whig, and was four times successively re-elected (the last two times as a Democrat), serving from March 4, 1841, until he died at Chestertown, Maryland, December 20, 1862. Pearce, John J., was born in Pennsylvania; received a public-school education, and was ordained as a minister in the Methodist-Episcopal Church when eighteen years of age; he continued in the ministry as a member of the Wyoming and Philadel phia Conferences until 1854, when, while in charge of a church at Lock Haven, he was elected a repre sentative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-fourth Congress as a Whig, receiving 9,588 votes against 7,528 votes for Allison White, Democrat, serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1857; he declined a re-election ; and, four years later, while in charge of a church at Owego, New York, he declined another Congressional nomination. Pearson, Joseph, was born at Salisbury, North Carolina; received an academic education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Salis bury; was a member of the House of Commons of North Carolina in 1804 and 1805 ; was elected a rep resentative from North Carolina to the Eleventh Congress as a Federalist; was re-elected to the Twelfth Congress, and was re-elected to the Thir teenth Congress, serving from May 22, 1809, until March 3, 1815; he fought a duel, while in Congress, with General John G. Jackson, after a political quarrel, and was severely wounded on the second fire ; died at Salisbury, North Carolina, October 27, 1S34. Pease, Henry R., was born in Connecticut February 19, 1835 ; received an academic education, and normal training for the profession of teaching; followed the profession for eleven years ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar; entered the Union army as a private soldier, and was promoted to the rank of captain; served principally on staff duty; was appointed in 1865 superintendent of education for the State of Louisiana while under military rule; was appointed in 1867 superintendent of the educa tion of freedmen in Mississippi ; took an active part in the reconstruction of the State ; was elected super intendent of education of the State in 1869; edited and published " The Mississippi Educational Jour nal," the first magazine ever devoted to popular education at the South; was elected United-States senator fr.om Mississippi as a Republican on the 3d of February, 1874 (to fill the vacancy occasioned by the resignation of Adelbert Ames, Republican), serv ing from February 12, 1874, to March 3, 1875. Peaslee, Charles Hazen, was born at Gilman- ton, New Hampshire, February 6, 1804; received a classical education, graduating at Dartmouth Col lege in 1824 ; studied law with Stephen Moody ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Concord, New Hampshire; was a member of the State legislature; was appointed in 1839 adjutant- general of the militia; was elected a representative in the Thirtieth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 8,973 votes against 4,275 votes for Eastman, Whig, STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 5G7 and 2,356 votes for Stevens, Free-Soiler; was re- elected to the Thirty-first Congress, receiving 8,G20 votes against 3,073 votes for Eastman, Whig, and 1,914 votes for Stewart, Free-Soiler; was re-elected to the Thirty-second Congress, receiving 7,170 votes against 3,803 votes for Colby, Whig, and 2,080 votes for Fowler, Free-Soiler, serving from December 0, 1847, until March 3, 1853; was appointed, in March, 1854, collector of customs for the port of Boston ; and died at St. Paul, Minnesota, September 20, 18G6. Peck, Erasmus D., was born in Connecticut, September 16, 1808; studied medicine, and graduated at the Berkshire Medical College in 1829; removed to Ohio in 1830 ; was elected a member of the Ohio legislature in 1856 and 1858; was examining surgeon for the army and for pensions ; and was elected a rep resentative from Ohio in the Forty-first Congress as a Republican in April, 1870 (to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Hon. T. H. Hoag), receiving 13,228 votes against 10,583 votes for Hill, Democrat, and 983 votes for Carter, Repudiation Democrat ; and was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress, receiving 11,302 votes against 10,242 votes for William F. Lock- wood, Democrat, and 80 votes for Pease, Independ ent, serving from April 23, 1870, to March 3, 1873. Peck, George W\, was born in New York June 4, 1818; received an academical education; removed to Michigan, and resided at Lansing ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1846 and 1847, serving the last year as speaker; was secretary of state of Michigan; was editor of "The Lansing State Journal ;" was elected a representative from Michigan in the Thirty-fourth Congress as a Demo crat, receiving 11,233 votes against 9,863 votes for Wisner, Republican, serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1857; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving 14,524 votes against 18,248 votes for Leach, Repub lican. Peck, Jared V., was born in New York; re sided at Port Chester; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 8,533 votes against 5,827 votes for Clark, Republican, serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855. Peck, Lucius Benedict, was born at Water- bury, Vermont, in 1804 ; received two years of mili tary education at West Point ; studied law at Barre, Vermont ; was admitted to the bar in 1826, and com menced practice at Barre with Hon. Dennison Smith ; after his death, removed to Montpelier, Vermont; was elected a representative from Vermont in the Thirtieth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 5,594 votes against 5,059 votes for Chandler, Whig; and was re-elected to the Thirty-first Congress, receiving 5,138 votes against 4,267 votes for Buck, Whig, and 2,484 votes for Rowell, Van Buren Democrat, serv ing from December 6, 1847, to March 3, 1851; was United-States attorney for the district of Vermont 1853-1857 ; was president of the Vermont and Cana da Railroad until his death at Lowell, Massachusetts, December 28, 1866. Peck, Luther C M was born in Connecticut; re ceived a public-school education; removed to Penn sylvania, and thence to Pike, Alleghany County; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-sixth Congress, receiving 6,521 votes against 4,763 votes for Calvin T. Chamberlain, Democrat, serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1841 ; died at Nunda, New York, February 16, 1876. Peckharn, Rufus AAT., was born in New York; received an academic education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Albany; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 8,363 votes against 7,190 votes for Egberts, Whig, and 71 votes for Williams, Free-Soiler, serving from Decem ber 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855; was elected a justice of the Supreme Court for the Third Judicial District, and re-elected, serving November 18, 1861-1869; was lost on the steamer " Ville du Havre." Peddie, Thomas B., was born at Edinburgh, Scotland, and came to America in 1833; he located in Newark, New Jersey, and is now one of the most extensive manufacturers in that city; he was elected a member of the State legislature in 1863, and re- elected in 1864 ; he was twice mayor of the city of Newark, serving in that office during the years 1865- 1868; was president of the .Newark Board of Trade in 1873 ; and was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Forty-fifth Congress as a Republican, receiving 17,565 votes against 16,041 votes for Wil liam A. Righter, Democrat, serving from October 15, 1877. Peek, Hermanus, was born at Albany, New York ; resided at Schenectady ; was a member of the State House of Representatives ; was elected a rep resentative from New York in the Sixteenth Con gress, serving from December 6, 1819, to March 3, 1821. Peery, "William, was a delegate from Delaware to the Continental Congress 1785-1786. Pegram, John, was born in Virginia; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Fif teenth Congress (in place of Peterson Goodwin, de ceased), receiving 102 majority over Dr. Jones, serv ing from November 16, 1818, to March 3, 1819. Pelham, Charles, was born in Person County, North Carolina, March 12, 1835 ; his family removed to Alabama in 1838; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1858, and practised law at Talladega until 1862, when he entered the Confederate service ; was elected judge of the Tenth Judicial Circuit in 1868, and was discharging the duties of that office when he was elected a representative from Alabama in the Forty-third Congress as a Republican, receiving a majority of 600 over W. H. Handley, Democrat, serv- ingfroin December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1875. Pelton, Guy R., was born at Great Barrington, Massachusetts, August 3, 1825 ; received an academi cal education; taught school ; studied law at Kinder- hook; was admitted to the bar in 1850, and com menced practice at New York in 1851 ; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-fourth Congress as a Whig, receiving 4,084 votes against 2,559 votes for Clinton, Democrat, and 1,123 votes for Miner, Democrat, serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1857; was defeated as the Republican candidate for the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving 2,126 votes against 5,716 votes for Sickles, Democrat, arid 2,905 votes for Duganne, American. Pendleton, Edmund, was born in Caroline County, Virginia, in 1741 ; received a defective clas sical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and became a successful practitioner; was ap pointed presiding judge of the Virginia Court of Appeals; was a member of the Continental Congress in 1774 and 1775; was a member of the Virginia Constitutional Convention of 1787, and was chosen its president; was appointed by President Washing ton United-States district-judge in 1780, and de clined; died at Richmond, Virginia, October 11, 1823. Pendleton, Edmund H., resided at Hyde Park, New York ; was elected a representative from that State in the Twenty-second Congress as a Whig, serving from December 5, 1831, to March 2, 1833. Pendleton, George H. (son of Nathaniel Greene Pendleton), was born at Cincinnati, Ohio, July 25, 1825; received an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and com menced practice at Cincinnati; was a member of the State Senate of Ohio in 1854 and 1855; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirty- fifth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 6,133 votes against 4,256 votes for Taft, Republican, and 2,642 votes for Torrence, American ; was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving 7,131 votes against 568 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. 6,785 votes for T. C. Day, Republican; was re-elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress, receiving 7,485 votes against 6,582 votes for Spencer, Republican; and waa re-elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, receiv ing 7,545 votes against 6,418 votes for Groesbeck, Republican, serving from December 7, 1857, to March 8, 1865 ; was defeated in 1864 as the Democratic can didate for Vice-President on the ticket headed by George B. McClellan; was appointed president of the Kentucky Central Railroad Company in 1869; was elected United-States senator from Ohio (to suc ceed Stanley Matthews, Republican). His term of service will commence March 4, 1879. Pendleton, James M., was born at Pendleton Hill, in North Stonington, Connecticut, January 10, 1822; received an academic education; was engaged seven years in mercantile business at Westerley, Rhode Island, and then in banking, insurance, and manufacturing; was a member of the State Senate of Rhode Island in 1862, 1863, 1864, and 1865; was a delegate to the National Republican Convention at Chicago in 1868, and was elected presidential elector on the Grant-Coif ax ticket the same year ; and was elected a representative from Rhode Island in the Forty-second Congress as a Republican, receiving 1,534 votes against 947 votes for S. Rodman, Demo crat, and 131 scattering; and was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress, receiving 4,310 votes against 2,505 votes for George H. Brown, Democrat, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1875. Pendleton, John S., was born in Virginia; received an academical education; resided at Cul- pepper Court House; was appointed by President Tyler chartje d affaires to Chili, serving August 16, 1841- June 10, 1844; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Twenty-ninth Congress as a Whig; was re-elected to the Thirtieth Congress, receiving 2,861 votes against 2,045 votes for Hunter, Democrat, serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1849; was appointed by President Fillmore charge d affaires to the Argentine Confederation, serving from February 27, 1851, to March 4, 1854; died near Culpepper Court House, Virginia, November 19, 1868. Pendleton, Nathaniel Greene (father of George H. Pendleton), was born at Savannah, Georgia, August, 1793; removed with his father to New-York City early in life; received a classical education, graduating at Columbia College in 1813; studied law, and was admitted to the bar ; served in the war with Great Britain as aide-de-camp to General Gaines 1813-1815; removed to Cincinnati, Ohio, in 1818, and commenced practice; was a mem ber of the State Senate 1825-1829; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Twenty-seventh Congress as a Whig, receiving 254 majority over Dr. Alexander Duncan, Democrat, serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1843; was defeated as the Whig candidate for the Twenty-eighth Congress by Dr. A. Duncan, Democrat. Penn, Alexander G., was born in Virginia; received an academical education ; removed to Louisiana in 1812, and settled in the parish of St. Tammany; engaged largely in agricultural and me chanical pursuits; was a member of the State House of Representatives; was appointed by President Polk postmaster at New Orleans 1845-1849; was elected a representative from Louisiana in the Thirty-first Congress (in place of John H. Harmanson, de ceased) as a Democrat, defeating R. M. Stewart; and was re-elected to the Thirty-second Congress, receiv ing 4,740 votes against 8,660 votes for Upton, Whig, serving from December 33, 1850, to March 3, 1853; was appointed by President Pierce a commissioner to superintend the erection of the new custom-house at New Orleans ; died, while on a visit to Washington City, May 8, 1866. Penn, John, was born in Caroline County, Virginia, May 17, 1741 ; his education, by the death of his father, was deficient; studied law with Ed mund Pendleton, his relative ; waa admitted to prac tice in 1762, and displayed great genius and elo quence in his practice; removed to Granville County, North Carolina, in 1774; was elected a delegate to the Continental Congress in 1775, signed the Decla ration of Independence in 1776, and was re-elected in 1777 and 1779; was appointed by Robert Morris in 1784 receiver of internal-revenue taxes for the State of North Carolina, but soon resigned ; and died in September, 1788. Penniman, Ebenezer Jenckes, was born at Lansingburg, New York; when thirteen years of age he was apprenticed to the art of printing in the office of " The New-Hampshire Sentinel " at Keene; when eighteen years of age he purchased his inden tures, and went to New York, where he engaged in mercantile pursuits; removed to Plymouth. Michi gan, in 1835, and entered into business there ; was elected a representative from Michigan in the Thirty- second Congress as a Whig and Free-Soiler, receiving 10,741 votes against 8,909 votes for Buel, Democrat, serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1853. Pennington, Alexander C. M., was born at Newark, New Jersey, in 1811 ; received an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice; was elected a representa tive from New Jersey in the Thirty-third Congress as a Whig, receiving 7,636 votes against 7.469 votes for Price, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty- fourth Congress, receiving 8,137 votes against 6,816 votes for Darcy, Democrat, serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1857 ; was for two years a member of the State House of Representatives ; removed to the city of New York, where he died January 25, 1867. Pennington, William, was born at Newark, New Jersey, in 1797 ; received an academical educa tion; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Newark; was governor and ex ojjicio chancellor of New Jersey 1837-1843, during which time some of his commissions to congress men, bearing the broad seal of the State, were the subjects of much comment; was appointed by Presi dent Taylor governor of Minnesota, and declined; was offered by President Fillmore one of the judge- ships in California to settle land-titles under the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo ; was elected a repre sentative from New Jersey in the Thirty-sixth Con gress as a Whig, receiving 11,641 votes against 9,982 votes for Wortendyke, Democrat, serving from De cember 5, 1859, to March 3, 1861 ; was elected speaker of the House; was defeated as the Republican can didate for the Thirty-seventh Congress, receiving 16,141 votes against 16,515 votes for Nehemiah Perry, Fusion Democrat; died at Newark, New Jersey, from having accidentally taken an overdose of mor phine, February 16, 1862. Pennybacker, Isaac S., was born in Shenan- doah County, Virginia, in 1806; received an aca demical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Harrisonliurg; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Democrat (defeating David Steele, Democrat), serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1839; was United-States judge for the district of Western Virginia; was elected a United-States senator from Virginia (in the place of W. C. Rives, whose term had expired) as a Demo crat, serving from December 1, 1845, to January 12, 1847, when he died. Perce, Legrand W., was born at Buffalo, New York. June 19, 1836 ; received an academic education ; studied law at the Albany Law University in 1856- 1857; practised law ; entered the volunteer service in April, 1861 ; was appointed second lieutenant of the Sixth Michigan Volunteers in August, 1861, and cap tain in June, 1862; was brevetted major at Port Hudson in May, 1863; was appointed captain of United-States volunteers in August, 1803, and was brevetted lieutenant-colonel and colonel in 1865; settled at Natchez, Mississippi, and was elected a representative from Mississippi in the Forty-first STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 569 Congress as a Eepublican, receiving 16,475 votes against 8,080 votes for Brown, Democrat ; and was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress, serving from February 23, 1870, to March 3, 1873. Perea, Francisco, was born at Zadillas, New Mexico, January 9, 1831 ; was elected a delegate from New-Mexico Territory in the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Republican, serving from December 7, 1803, to March 3, 18G5. Perham, Sidney, was born at Woodstock, Maine, March 27, 1819; received an academic educa tion ; w r as a school-teacher and a fanner ; was a mem ber of the Maine State Board of Agriculture in 1852 and 1853 ; was elected a member of the State legis lature of Maine hi 1854, and was speaker of the House; was county-clerk of Oxford County from 1859 to 1863; was elected a representative from Maine in the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Republican, receiving 9,592 votes against 7,237 votes for Bates, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Con gress, receiving 12,830 votes against 8,344 votes for Andrews, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Forti eth Congress as a Republican, receiving 13,784 votes against 7,363 votes for Merrill, Democrat, serving from December 7, 1863, to March 3, 1869; was gov ernor of Maine 1871-1874; was appointed in 1877 appraiser in the Portland Custom House. Perkins, Bishop, was born in New Hampshire ; removed to New York, and settled at Ogdensburg; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 10,085 votes against 7,274 votes for Van Rensselaer, Whig, serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855. Perkins, Elias, was born at Norwich, Connect icut, April 5, 1767; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1786; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice, but soon relinquished the profession; was a presi dential elector in 1797 ; was elected a representative from Connecticut in the Seventh Congress, serving from December 7, 1801, to March 3, 1803; was judge of the New-London County Court until he became ineligible by age; was mayor of the city of New Lon don June, 1829, to 1832, when he declined a re-elec tion; and died at New London, Connecticut, Septem ber 27, 1845. Perkins, Jared, was born in New Hampshire; received a public-school education ; resided at Win chester; was State councillor 1846-1849; was a mem ber of the State House of Representatives; was elect ed a representative from New Hampshire in the Thirty-second Congress as a Whig and Free-Soiler, receiving 8,715 votes against 7,777 votes for Morrison, Democrat, serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1853; was defeated as the Whig candidate for the Thirty-third Congress, receiving 7,556 votes against 9,6:35 votes for H. Hibbard, Democrat ; died at Nashua, New Hampshire, October 14, 1854. Perkins, John, jun., was born in Louisiana, July 1, 1819; received a classical education, graduat ing at Yale College in 1840; studied law at Harvard University; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at New Orleans : his health failing, he visited Europe, and, while there, had several volumes of the Colonial records copied, which, on his return, he presented to the State; he was appointed a judge of the Circuit Court in 1851 ; was elected a representa tive from Louisiana in the Thirty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 4,965 votes against 3,787 votes for Pond, Whig, serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855 ; was a deputy from Louisiana to the Provisional Congress of the Confederate States at Montgomery February, 1861, and a member of the First and Second Confederate Congresses, serving from February 22, 1862, to the close of the Avar. Perrill, Augustus L., was born in Virginia; removed to Ohio, and settled at Lithopolis; was j elected a representative from Ohio in the Twenty- ninth Congress, serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1847. Perry, Aaron F., was born at Leicester, Ver mont, January 1, 1815; received a common-school and academic education; studied law at the Yale Law School, New Haven, Connecticut; practised at Columbus, Ohio, and afterward at Cincinnati; was a member of the State House of Representatives of Ohio in 1847-1848 ; and was elected a representative from Ohio in the Forty-second Congress as a Repub lican, receiving 8,039 votes against 7,294 votes for M. Sayler, Democrat, serving from March 4, 1871, to 1872, when he resigned. Perry, Benjamin F., was appointed by Presi dent Johnson provisional governor of South Carolina in 1865; was elected United-States senator from South Carolina for the term of six years, commen cing on the 4th of March, 1865; his credentials were presented in the Senate February 28, 1866, read, and ordered to lie on the table. Perry, Eli, was born in Washington County, New York, December 25, 1802; received a common- school education until he was thrown upon his own resources at fifteen years of age; commenced business at Albany, when twenty-one years of age, as a dealer in provisions, and continued it for twenty-five years; was elected alderman for two years, and afterward member of the General Assembly of the State of New York; in 1851 was elected mayor of the city of Albany, which office he held by re-elections twelve years; and was elected a representative from New York in the Forty-second Congress as a Democrat, receiving 17,716 votes against 14,726 votes for Hard er, Republican, and 336 votes for Hastings, the Work ing-man s candidate; and was re-elected to the Forty- third Congress, receiving 18,609 votes against 17,6(J9 votes for C. H. Adams, Republican, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1875; was defeated as the Independent Democratic candidate for the Forty- fourth Congress, receiving 6,108 votes against 12,626 votes for Charles H. Adams, Republican, and 9,903 votes for T. J. Quinn, Democrat. Perry, John J., was born at Portsmouth, New Hampshire, August 2, 1811; received an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1844, and commenced practice at Oxford, Maine; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1839, 1842, and 1843, and of the State Senate in 1846 and 1847; was elected a representative from Maine in the Thirty-fourth Congress as a Republican, receiving 10,007 votes against 7,313 votes for William Kimball, Democrat, serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1857; was again elected to the Thirty- sixth Congress, receiving 12,031 votes against 10,032 votes for David R. Hastings, Democrat, serving from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 1861 ; was a delegate to the Peace Congress in 1861; edited "The Oxford Democrat; " was a member of the Executive Council of Maine ; removed to Portland. Perry, Nehemiah, was born at Ridgefield, Con necticut, March 30, 1816; received an academical education ; removed to Newark, New Jersey, and en gaged in the cloth and clothing business; was for several years a member of the State House of Repre sentatives, and president of the common council of Newark; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Thirty-seventh Congress as a Democrat, receiving 16,200 votes against 15,802 votes for Pen- nington, Republican ; was re-elected to the Thirty- eighth Congress, receiving 10,779 votes against 7,622 votes for Bradley, Republican, serving from July 4, 1861, to March 3, 1865. Perry, Thomas, was born in Maryland in 1808 ; received an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Cumberland; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Twenty-ninth Congress as a Demo crat, serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1847; was a circuit-judge 1851-1861 and 1864-1871; died at Cumberland, Maryland, June 27, 1871. Peter, George, was born at Georgetown, Mary land (now the District of Columbia), September 28, 570 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. 1779; received a classical education, graduating at Georgetown College; entered the United-States army as second lieutenant in the Ninth Infantry in July, 1799 : was transferred to the artillery, and promoted, and in May, 1808, organized and commanded the first light battery of artillery in the country, resign ing June 11, 1809; commanded a battalion of volun teers for the defence of Washington City, May to June, 1814; was elected a representative from Mary land in the Fourteenth Congress (in place of Alex ander C. Hanson, resigned) as a Democrat, receiving 1,002 votes against 1,444 votes for George C. Wash ington, and 1,223 votes for II. R. Warfield: was re- elected to the Fifteenth Congress, serving from De cember 2, 1816, to March 3, 1819; was a member of the State House of Representatives; was again elect ed to the Nineteenth Congress, serving from Decem ber 5, 1825, to March 3, 1827; was defeated as a candidate for the Twentieth Congress by George C. Washington, Whig; devoted himself to agricultural pursuits; was elected in 185G a member of the Board of Public Works of Maryland : died on his farm near Damestown, Maryland, June 22, 1861. Peters, John A., was born at Ellsworth, Maine, October 9, 1822 ; graduated at Yale College ; studied law at the Cambridge Law School; practised law; was a member of the legislature of Maine in 1802, 1803, and 1804; was elected attorney-general of the State in 1864, 1805, and 1800 ; and was elected a rep resentative from Maine in the Fortieth Congress as a Republican, receiving 12,059 votes against 0,504 votes for Weston, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress, receiving 13,337 votes against 8,873 votes for^Ladd, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress, receiving 9,902 votes against 7,322 votes for M. Emery, Democrat, serving from March 4, 1867, to March 3, 1873; was appointed a judge of the Supreme Court of Maine in 1872. Peters, Richard, was born near Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, August 22, 1744; received a classical education, graduating at Philadelphia College; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and com menced practice at Philadelphia ; entered the Revo lutionary army as captain of volunteer infantry, but was soon transferred by Congress to the secretary ship of the Board of War, Avhich he filled June 13, 177(i-June 8, 1781 ; was a delegate from Pennsylva nia to the Continental Congress 1782-1783; was ap pointed by Washington comptroller of the treasury, but declined, accepting the position of United-States judge of the District Court of Pennsylvania, which he held from 1789 to his death at Philadelphia Au gust 21, 1828. He published many contributions in the transactions of the Philadelphia Agricultural So ciety, of which he was president, and " Admiralty Decisions in the United-States District Court of Pennsylvania 1780-1807." A sketch of his life was published bv Samuel Breck. Petrie, George, was born in New York ; resided at Little Falls; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirtieth Congress, serving from December 0, 1847, to March 3, 1849. Petriken, David, was born in Pennsylvania; resided at Danville; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Democrat ; was re-elected to the Twenty-sixth Con gress, receiving 5,150 votes against 3,943 votes for David Hubley, Whig, serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1841; died at Danville, Pennsyl vania. March 1, 1R47. Pettigrew, Ebenezer, was born in North Caro lina; resided at Cool Spring; was elected a represen tative from North Carolina in the Twenty-fourth Congress as a Whig (defeating Dr. Hall), serving from December 7, 1835, to March 3, 1837. Pettis, Spencer, was born in Virginia in 1802 ; received an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice atFay- ette, Missouri; was elected a representative from Missouri in the Twenty-first Congress, serving from December 7, 1829, to March 3, 1831 ; was killed in a luel which he fought with Major Thomas Biddle at St. Louis August 26, 1831. Pettis, S. Newton, was born in Ashtabula County, Ohio, in 1828; received an academical edu cation ; studied law with Joshua R. Giddings ; was ad mitted to the bar in Pennsylvania in 1848, and com menced practice at Meadville; was appointed by President Lincoln an associate justice for the Terri tory of Colorado, serving 1801, 1862; returned to Meadville; was elected a representative from Penn sylvania in the Fortieth Congress (in place of Dar win A. Finney, deceased) as a Republican, receiving 17,906 votes against 16,300 votes for Knox, Demo crat, serving from December 7, 1868, to March 3, 1809. Pettit, Charles, was born in New Jersey in 1737; received a classical education; studied law, and practised ; was secretary under Governor Frank lin, and was continued in office by Governor Liv ingston until called by General Nathanael Greene to serve as assistant quartermaster-general ; when Gen eral Greene resigned, he was tendered promotion as quartermaster-general, but declined; after the war he entered into business as an importing merchant at Philadelphia; was a member of the State House of Representatives, and originated the debt-funding system; was a delegate from Philadelphia to the Continental Congress 1785-1787 ; died at Philadelphia September 4, 1806. Pettit, John, was born at Sackett s Harbor, Jefferson County, New York, July 24, 1807; received an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1838, and commenced practice at La fayette, Indiana; was a member of the State House of Representatives for two terms ; was United-States district-attorney; was elected a representative from Indiana in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Demo crat, receiving 6,403 votes against 5,985 votes for Bryant, Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-ninth Congress, receiving 6,260 votes against 5,745 votes for Holmes, Whig; and was re-elected to the Thir tieth Congress, receiving 0,789 votes against 6,471 votes for Brier, Whig, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1849; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention in 1850; was a presi dential elector on the Pierce and King ticket in 1852; was elected a United-States senator from In diana (in place of James Whitcomb, deceased), serv ing from January 18, 1853, to March 3, 1855; was appointed by President Buchanan chief justice of the United-States courts in Kansas ; was elected in 1870 supreme judge of Indiana; the Democratic party renominated him for the same position in 1876, but owing to scandals in connection with the court, that excited popular indignation, he was forced off the ticket, and the name of Judge Perkins substituted ; he died at Lafayette, Indiana, June 17, 1877. Pettit, John U., was born in New York; re ceived a classical education, graduating at Union College in 1839 ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Wabash, Indiana, in 1841 ; was United-States consul at Maranham, Bra zil, 1850-1853; was appointed, on his return, judge of the Upper Wabash Circuit of Indiana; was elected a representative from Indiana in the Thirty-fourth Congress as a Republican, receiving 9,389 votes against 7,201 votes for Slack, Democrat; was re- elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving 11,235 votes against 10,443 votes for Garver, Democrat ; was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving 10,748 votes against 10,038 votes for J. R. Coffroth, Democrat, serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1861. Peyton, Bailie, was born in Sumner County, Tennessee ; received an academical education ; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and com menced practice at Gallatin, Tennessee; was elected a representative from Tennessee in the Twenty-third STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 571 Congress as a Whig ; was re-elected to the Twenty- fourth Congress, serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1837 ; was appointed by President Taylor minister to Chili, serving August 9, 1849-September 14, 1853; removed to New Orleans; was United- States attorney for the district of Louisiana; removed to San Francisco, California, where he practised; returned to Tennessee ; was a presidential elector on the Bell and Everett ticket in I860. Peyton, B. G., of Copiah County, Mississippi, presented to the House of Representatives on the 4th of June, 1806, credentials signed by Governor Humphreys, declaring that he had been elected to represent the Fifth District of Mississippi in the Thirty-sixth Congress. Peyton, Joseph H., was born in Sumner Coun ty, Tennessee, in 181:) ; received an academical edu cation; studied medicine, but soon abandoned his profession for politics; held several local offices; was a member of the State Senate ; was elected a repre sentative from Tennessee in the Twenty-eighth Con gress as a Whig, receiving 4,853 votes against 3,854 votes for Donelson, Democrat, serving from Decem ber 4, 1843, to March 3, 1845; was re-elected to the Twenty-ninth Congress, but died before taking his seat, at Gallatin, Tennessee, November 12, 1845. Peyton, Samuel O., was born in Bullitt County, Kentucky, in 1304; received a public-school education; studied medicine; graduated at Transyl vania University in 1827, and commenced practice at Hartford, Kentucky; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1835; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Thirtieth Con gress as a Democrat, receiving 6,0(58 votes against 5,958 votes for Waddill, Whig, serving from Decem ber 6, 1847, to March 3, 1849; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Thirty-first Congress, receiving 3,878 votes against 8,085 votes for Johnson, Whig; was again elected to the Thirty-fifth Con gress, receiving 7,212 votes against 6,173 votes for Johnson, American; was re-elected to the Thirty- sixth Congress, receiving 7,939 votes against 7,199 votes for Jackson, American, serving from Decem ber 7, 1857, to March 3, 1861 ; died at Hartford, Ken tucky, January 4, 1870. Phelps, Charles B., was born at Guilford, Ver mont, May 1, 183:]; removed with his parents to Pennsylvania in 1837, and to Maryland hi 1841 ; was educated at private schools in Baltimore, at Prince ton College, and at the Cambridge Law School; con tinued the study of law in Baltimore with Robert J. Brent, Esq. ; was admitted to the bar, and com menced practice at Baltimore in 1855 ; was elected to the city council of Baltimore in 1860; was major of the Maryland Guard and volunteer battalion (many of whose members afterwards joined the Con federacy), and resigned April 19, 1861; entered the Union army in 1862 as lieutenant-colonel of the Sev enth Regiment Maryland Volunteers ; was promoted to the colonelcy in 1863; was brevetted brigadier- general for gallant conduct at the battle of Spottsyl- vania May 8, 1864, in which he was wounded and taken prisoner, but afterwards recaptured by General Sheridan s cavalry; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Thirty-ninth Congress as the Union War candidate (succeeding Henry Winter Davis), receiving 9,313 votes against 1,753 votes for A. Leo Knott, Democratic and Peace candidate; was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress as the Union Conservative candidate, receiving 5,545 votes against 4,568 votes for Joseph J. Stewart, Radical Repub lican, who contested the seat, but subsequently with drew ; pending this contest, he declined an executive appointment as judge of the Court of Appeals of Maryland; after leaving Congress, he practised law at Baltimore, holding no other public offices than the honorary ones of State manager of the Colored House of Reformation, and commissioner of public schools. Phelps, Darwin, was born at East Granby, Con necticut; when quite young he became an orphan, and went to reside with his grand-parents in Portage County, Ohio; received a good education at the Western University, and after studying laAV in Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, with his kinsman, Walter Forward, settled at Kittanning, Pennsylvania, in 1835, devoting himself to the practice of his profes sion ; he was a member of the State legislature in 1855; he was a delegate to the Chicago Convention of 1860, and was elected a representative from Penn sylvania in the Forty-first Congress as a Republican, receiving 16,095 votes against 11,046 votes for Mit chell, Democrat, serving from March 4, 1869, to March 3, 1871. Phelps, Blisha (father of John Smith Phelps), was born at Simsbury, Connecticut, November 7, 1779; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1800; studied law at Litchfield; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Simsbnry; was for several years a member of the State Senate and State House of Representatives, serving as speaker in 1821 and 1829; was elected a representative from Connecticut in the Sixteenth Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 6, 1819, to March 3, 1821; was again elected to the Nineteenth Congress; was re-elected to the Twen tieth Consress, serving from December 5, 185, to March 3, 1829; was State comptroller 1830-1834 ; was a commissioner to revise and codify the State laws in 1835; died at Simsbury, Connecticut, April 18, 1847. Phelps, James, was born at Colebrook, Con necticut, January 12, 1822; received a thorough academic education; was a student in the law de partment cf Yale College; was admitted to the bar in 1845, and practised until 1863, during which time he was several years judge of probate ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1853, 1854, and 1856, and of the State Senate in 1858 and 1859; was elected judge of the Superior Court of Con necticut in 1863 for a term of eight years, and re- elected for a similar term in 1871 ; was elected judge of the Supreme Court of Errors in 1873, and held that office until he resigned in 1875, when he was elected a representative from Connecticut in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 15,440 votes against 13,844 votes for S. W. Kellogg, Republican, and 559 votes for Harrington, Prohibi tionist ; and was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 19,500 votes against 16,777 votes for S. W. Kellogg, Republican, and 268 votes for Cummings, Prohibitionist, serving from December 6, 1875. Phelps, John Smith (son of Elisha Phelps), was born at Simsbury, Connecticut, December 22, 1814; received a classical education, graduating at Washington (now Trinity) College, Hartford, Con necticut; studied law with his father; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Simsbury, but removed in 1843 to Springfield, Missouri; was a mem ber of the State House of Representatives; was appointed in 1841 brigade-major and inspector of militia ; was elected a representative from Missouri in the Twenty-ninth Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirtieth Congress; was re-elected to the Thirty-first Congress, receiving 11,062 votes against 5,848 votes for Winston, Whig; was re-elected to the Thirty-second Congress, receiving 8,478 votes against 5,667 votes for Woodson, Whig, and 2,035 votes for Shields, anti-Benton; was re-elected to the Thirty-third Congress, receiving 11,392 votes against 5,458 Votes for Price, Whig; was re-elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress, receiving 8,342 votes against 7,982 votes for Johnson, Benton Democrat; was re- elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving 9,718 votes against 6,911 votes for Emerson, American, and 110 votes for Larrimore, Benton Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving 13,424 votes against 8,050 votes for Richardson, Re publican ; and was re-elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress, receiving 11,363 votes against 9,301 votes for Rains, Republican, serving from December 1, 572 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. 1S45, to March 3, 1863; served in the Union army as colonel of the Twenty-fifth Missouri Volunteers, and was wounded at the battle of Pea Eidge; was ap pointed by President Lincoln military governor of Arkansas ; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Thirty-eighth Congress, receiving 1,840 votes against 3,072 votes for Boyd, Emancipationist; was appointed in 1807 a commissioner to adjust the Iiidlan- war claims ; was governor of Missouri 1777-1781. Phelps, Launcelot, was born in Connecticut; resided at Hitchcockville; was elected a representa tive from Connecticut in the Twenty-fourth Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty -fifth Congress, serving from December 7, 183-3, to March 3, 1839. Phelps, Oliver, was born at Windsor, Con necticut, in 174!); received a mercantile education at Suffield, Connecticut; entered into mercantile pur suits at Granville, Massachusetts; served during the Revolution in the commissary department of Mas sachusetts ; in 1788 he purchased, with associates, a tract of two million two hundred thousand acres of land in the Genesee valley of New York; opened in Canandaigua the first land-office in America, and his system of survey by township and ranges has since been followed by the General Government; in 1795 he, with associates, bought of Connecticut the tract of land in Ohio known as the Western Reserve, comprising three million three hundred thousand acres ; was elected a representative from New York in the Eighth Congress, serving from October 17, 1803, to March 3, 1805; was a judge of the Circuit Court; and died at Canandaigua, New York, Febru ary 21, 1809. Phelps, Samuel Shethar, was born at Litch- field, Connecticut, May 13, 1793 ; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1811; stud ied law; served in the war of 1812 as a paymaster, and afterwards commenced practice at Middlebury, Vermont; was a member of the Council of Censors in 1827; was a member of the Legislative Council in 1831 ; was a judge of the Supreme Court of Vermont 1831-1838; was elected a United-States senator from Vermont as a Whig, serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1851 ; was appointed a senator (in place of William Upham, deceased), serving from January 19, 1853, until the Senate decided, March 10, 1854, that he could not hold his seat by appointment; died at Middlebury, Vermont, March 25, 1855. Phelps, Timothy GK, was born in New York; removed to California, and settled at San Mateo; was elected a representative from California in the Thirty-seventh Congress as a Republican, serving from July 4, 1801, to March 3, 1863. Phelps, William W., was born in Oakland County, Michigan, June 1, 1820; received a classical education, graduating at the University of Michigan in 1840; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1848, and commenced practice ; edited a Democratic newspaper 1851-1855; was county commissioner for Oakland County 1852 and 1853; was appointed by President Pierce in 1854 register of the United-States land-office at Red Wing, Minnesota; was elected a representative from Minnesota in the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, serving from May 22, 1858, to March 3, 1859; became the editor of " The Eed- Wing Sentinel " in 1800; died in 18-73. Phelps, William Walter, was born at New York, August 24, 1839; was graduated at Yale Col lege in 1800 with high honors ; afterward he pursued his studies in Europe, and later at Columbia-College Law School of New York, where he received the vale dictory appointment of his class; then entered im mediately upon the practice of law; he was a director of the National City Bank and Second National Bank of New York, the United-States Trust Company, and Fanners Loan and Trust Company; also in the fol lowing railroad companies, viz., Delaware, Lacka- wanna and Western, Oswego and Syracuse, Syracuse and Biughamton, Cayuga and fcmsquehanna, Inter national of Texas, Houston and Great Northern, New Haven and Northampton, Morris and Essex, and others ; he was elected Fellow of Yale College in July, 1872, and was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Forty-third Congress by a vote of 12,701 against 9,980 votes for A. B. Woodruff, serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1875; was de feated as the Independent Republican candidate for the Forty-fourth Congress, receiving 11,070 votes against 11,077 votes for Augustus W. Cutler, Demo crat. Philips, John Finis, was born in Boone Coun ty, Missouri, December 31, 1834; was educated at the State University of Missouri, and at Centre Col lege, Danville, Kentucky, graduating at the latter institution in 1855; studied law with General John B. Clark at Fayette, Missouri, and practised at Seda- lia, Missouri; was a member of the Constitutional Convention of Missouri in 1801 ; was commissioned as cclonel in 1802, and commanded a regiment of cavalry in the Federal army until the close of the war; was a delegate to the National Democratic Convention at New York in 1808; and was elected a representative from Missouri in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 14,440 votes against 12,132 votes for James H. Lay, People s candidate, serving from December 0, 1875, to March 3, 1877. Phillips, Henry M., was born in Pennsylvania; received a public-school education; resided at Phila delphia ; was elected a representative from Pennsyl vania in the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 9,279 votes against 0,500 votes for Foust, American, serving from December 7, 1857, to March 3, 1859; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving 0,451 votes against 9,749 votes for Millward, Union. Phillips, John, was born in Chester County, Pennsylvania; resided at Hummelstown; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Seven teenth Congress as a Federalist, serving from De cember 3, 1821, to March 3, 1823. Phillips, Philip, was born at Charleston, South Carolina, December 13, 1807; received a classical education at the Military Academy at Norwich. Ver mont; studied law, and was admitted to the bar at Charleston, December 14, 1828; was a member of the South-Carolina State Convention of 1832. and voted against nullification; was a member of the State House of Representatives of South Carolina in 1834 and 1835 ; removed to Mobile, Alabama, and practised law there; was president of the State Democratic Convention in 1837; was a member of the State House of Representatives of Alabama in 1844 and 1851; was a member of the National Demo cratic Convention which nominated Pierce and King in 1852; was elected a representative from Alabama in the Thirty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 4,880 votes against 4,777 votes for E. Lockwood, Whig, and serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855, when he declined a re-election ; he has since practised at Washington City. Phillips, Stephen Clarendon, was born at Salem, Massachusetts, November 1, 1801 ; received a classical education, graduating at Harvard University in 1819; studied law, but became a merchant at Salem ; was a member of the State House of Repre sentatives 1824-1829, and of the Senate in 1830: was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Twenty-third Congress (in place of Rufus Choate resigned) as a Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty- fourth Congress, and was re-elected to the Twenty- fifth Congress, receiving 3,920 votes against 3,752 votes for all others, serving from December 1, 1834, to 1838, when he resigned; was mayor of Salem December, 1838-March, 1842; was defeated as the Free-soil candidate for governor of Massachusetts in 1848 and 1849; was a member of the State Board of Education, and a trustee of the State Lunatic Hospital at Worcester; engaged extensively in the STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 573 lumbering business in Canada; and was lost by the burning of the steamer "Montreal" on the River St. Lawrence June 26, 1857. Phillips, William A., was born at Paisley, Scotland, January 14, 1826; immigrated to the United States with his father in 1838; practised law, and edited a newspaper until 1855; went to Kansas on the staff of The New- York Tribune;" entered the Union army as major in 1861; com manded the Indian and other regiments during the war in the West; was a member of the State legisla ture of Kansas ; was elected a representative 1 rom Kansas in the Forty-third Congress as a Republican, receiving 67,114 votes against 33,274 votes for Laugh- lin, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Congress as a Republican, receiving 20,087 votes against 11,233 votes for M. J. Parrott, Democrat, and 2,074 votes for X. Green, Independent; and was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 29,352 votes against 15,642 votes for Thomas P. Fenton, Democrat, serving from December 1, 1873. Philson, Robert, was born at Donegal, Ireland ; immigrated to the United States; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Sixteenth Congress, serving from December 6, 1819, to March 3, 1821. Phoenix, J. Phillips, was born at Morristown, New Jersey; received a public-school education; en gaged in mercantile pursuits at New-York City; was for several years a member of the municipal govern ment; was a presidential elector on the Harrison and Tyler ticket in 1841 ; was elected a representa tive from New York in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Whig, receiving 5,084 votes against 4,156 votes for Nicoll, Democrat, and 29 votes for Kennedy, Abolitionist, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1845 ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1848; was again elected to the Thirty-first Congress, receiving 5,601 votes against 3,788 votes for Hart, Cass Democrat, and 793 votes for Smith, Van Buren Democrat, serving from De cember 3, 1849, to March 3, 1851 ; died suddenly, at an advanced age, at New- York City, May 4, 1859. Pickens, Andrew, was born at Paxton, Penn sylvania, September 19, 1739; received a public- school education; removed with his parents in 1752 to the Waxhaw Settlement, South Carolina ; served as a volunteer in Grant s expedition against the Cherokees in 1761 ; entered the Revolutionary army as captain, and rose to the rank of brigadier-general, rendering distinguished services throughout the war; commanded an expedition against the Cherokees in 1782, by which he obtained a large cession of terri tory; was a member of the South-Carolina House of Representatives for several years ; was elected a rep resentative from South Carolina in the Third Con gress, serving from December 2, 1793, to March 3, 1795; was elected major-general of militia in 1795; was a commissioner to negotiate several treaties with the Cherokee Indians; and died in Pendleton Dis trict, South Carolina, August 17, 1817. Pickens, Francis W., was bora at Togadoo, South Carolina, April 7, 1807 ; received an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1829, and commenced practice in Edgefield District ; engaged largely in planting, and paid much attention to scientific agriculture; was for several years a member of the State House of Representatives, where he made a report in 1833 that Congress, as the mere agent of the several States, had no claim to allegiance, and could exercise no sovereignty; was elected a representative from South Carelina in the Twenty-third Congress (in place of George McDuffie, resigned) as a Nullifier; was re-elected to the Twenty-fourth, Twenty-fifth, Twenty-sixth, and Twenty-seventh Congresses, serving from De cember 8, 1834, to March 3, 1843; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1844; was a delegate from South Carolina to the Southern Convention at Nashville in 1850 and 1851; was a delegate to the National Democratic Convention at Cincinnati in 1856; was appointed by Mr. Buchanan minister to Russia, serving from January 11, 1858, to September 9, 1860; when South Carolina seceded from the Union, he was chosen governor, and was an active advocate of the Rebellion ; died at Edgefield, South Carolina, January 25, 1869. Pickens, Israel, was born in Cabarrus (then Mecklenburg) County, North Carolina; settled in Burke County; was a member of the State Senate of North Carolina in 1809; was elected a representa tive from North Carolina in the Twelfth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 2,976 votes against 2,342 votes for Felix Walker, and 370 votes for I. H. Stenclis ; was re-elected to the Thirteenth Congress, and was re-elected to the Fourteenth Congress, serving from November 4, 1811, until March 3,"l817; was appoint ed register of the land-office of Mississippi Territory (which included the present State of Alabama) 1817; was governor of Alabama 1821-1825; was appointed a senator in Congress from Alabama (to fill the vacancy occasioned by the death of Henry Cham bers), serving from April 10, 1826, until December 21, 1826. Pickering, Timothy, was born at Salem, Mas sachusetts, July 17, 1745 ; received a classical educa tion, graduating at Harvard College in 1763; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice at Salem ; took an active part in pre-Revolution- ary movements ; was appointed in 1775 a judge of the Court of Common Pleas for Essex County, and sole judge of the Provincial Maritime Court; entered the Revolutionary army as colonel of the Essex regi ment, serving in New Jersey; was appointed by Washington adjutant-general May 24, 1777; was elected l>y Congress, August 5, 1780, quartermaster- general (as the successor of General Greene); was appointed by President Washington to conduct several negotiations with the Indian nations 1790- 1794; was appointed by General Washington post master-general November 7, 1791, secretary of war January 2, 1794, and secretary of state December 10, 1795, holding (he last position until he was removed by President John Adams May 10, 1800 ; settled on a farm in the backwoods of Pennsylvania; returned in 1802 to Massachusetts ; was defeated as a candidate for the Eighth Congress by Jacob Crowninshield, who received 120 majority; was elected a United- States senator from Massachusetts (in place of Dwight Foster, resigned), and re-elected, serving from October 17, 1803, to March 3, 1811 ; was de feated as a candidate for re-election as senator by J. V. Varnum in 1811; was chosen by the legisla ture a member of the Executive Council ; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Thir teenth Congress as a Federalist, receiving 2,249 votes against 103 votes for all other candidates ; was re-elected to the Fourteenth Congress, receiving a large majority over a Democratic opponent, serving from May 24" 1813, to March 3, 1817; retired to his farm at Wenham, Massachusetts, which he culti vated with his own hands; was the founder and the first president of the Essex-county Agricultural Society ; died at Salem, Massachusetts, January 29, 1829. His "Life" was published by his son, Octa- vius Pickering, in 1867. Pickman, Benjamin, was born in 1763; re ceived a classical education, graduating at Cam bridge in 1784; travelled in Europe; on his return, studied law; was admitted to the bar, but soon abandoned the profession, and devoted himself to mercantile pursuits; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1800; was for several years a member of the State Senate ; was a member of the Executive Council in 1807; was elected a rep resentative from Massachusetts in the Eleventh Congress, serving from May 22, 1809, to March 3, 1811 ; was a delegate to the Constitutional Conven tion of 1820; died at Salem, Massachusetts, August 14, 1843. 574 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Pierce, Charles W., was born in New York in 1823; removed to Illinois; served in the Union army as a lieutenant of Illinois volunteer infantry; re mained in Alabama, and settled at Demopolis ; was elected a representative from Alabama in the For tieth Congress, serving from July 21, 1868, to March 3, 1869. Pierce, Franklin, was born at Hillsborough, New Hampshire, November 23, 1804; received a classical education, graduating at Bowdoin College in 1824; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1827, and commenced practice at Hillsborough; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1829-1833, serving the last two years as speaker; was elected a representative from New Hampshire in the Twenty-third Congress as a Democrat on a gen eral ticket, receiving 23,056 votes against 6,688 votes for Anthony Colby, Whig, and 1,875 votes for John Gould, anti-Mason; was re-elected to the Twenty- fourth Congress, serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1837; was elected a United-States senator from New Hampshire, serving from September 4, 1837, to 1842, when he resigned; resumed practice at Concord, New Hampshire ; declined the position of attorney-general of the United States offered him by President Polk in 1846; served in the Mexican war as colonel of the Ninth Infantry; was commis sioned brigadier-general in March, 1847, and re mained in Mexico until the close of the war; was president of the State Constitutional Convention in 1850; was elected President of the United States, receiving 254 electoral votes against 42 for General Winfield Scott, serving from March 4, 1853, to March 3, 1857; visited Europe in 1858-1860; lived in retire ment at Concord, New Hampshire, where he died October 8, 1869. His biography was written by Nathaniel Hawthorne. Pierce, Henry Lillie, was born at Stoughton, Massachusetts, August 23, 1825 ; received a thorough English education; is a manufacturer; was a mem ber of the House of Representatives of Massachusetts in 1860-1866; was an alderman of the city of Boston in 1870 and 1871; was mayor of Boston in 1873; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Forty-third Congress as a Republican (to fill the vacancy caused by the death of William Whiting), having no organized opposition, and was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Congress, receiving 8,011 votes against 4.927 votes for B. Dean, Democrat, serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1877; declined a renomination ; was again mayor of Boston in 1878. Pierce, Joseph, was elected a representative from New Hampshire in the Seventh Congress, serv ing from December 7, 1801, to 1802, when he re signed. Pierce, William, was born in Georgia; served in the Revolutionary war as aide-de-camp to General Nathanael Greene, and was presented with a sword by Congress; was a delegate from Georgia to the Continental Congress 1786-1787; was a delegate from Georgia to the Convention which framed the Federal Constitution. He published his impressions of Con gress in a Savannah newspaper, now in the Force Collection in the library of Congress. Pierson, Isaac, was born in Essex County, New Jersey, August 15, 1770; received a classical education, graduating at Princeton College in 1789; studied medicine, graduating from the College of Surgeons and Physicians at New York, and practised at Orange, New Jersey, for upwards of forty years ; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Twentieth Congress, receiving nearly 5.000 majority, and was re-elected to the Twentieth Congress, serv ing from December 3, 1827, to March 3, 1831 ; died of apoplexy at Orange, New Jersey, September 22, 1833. Pierson, Jeremiah H., was born in Essex County, New Jersey ; removed to New York, and settled at Ramapo; was elected a representative from New York in the Seventeenth Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 3, 1821, to March 3, 1823. Pierson, Job, was born in New York in 1791 ; resided at Schaghticoke ; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-second Congress as a Jackson Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty- third Congress, serving from December 5, 1831, to March 3, 1835. Pierson, John J., resided at Mercer; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-fourth Congress (in place of John Banks, resigned), serving from December 5, 1836, to March 3, 1837. Pike, Austin P., was born October 16, 1819; received an academic education; studied law, and was admitted to the bar of Merrimack County in July, 1845, and practised at Franklin ; was a member of the New-Hampshire House of Representatives in 1850, 1851, 1852, 1805, and 1866, and speaker of the House the last two years ; was a member of the New- Hampshire Senate in 1857 and 1858, and president of the Senate the last year; was chairman of the Republican State Committee in 1858 and 1859; was delegate to the Philadelphia Convention which nom inated General Fremont in 1856, and was elected a representative from New Hampshire in the Forty- third Congress as a Republican, receiving 10,792 votes against 10,773 votes for Samuel N. Bell, Demo crat, serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1875; was defeated as the Republican candidate for the Forty-fourth Congress, receiving 12,930 votes against 13,084 votes for Samuel N. Bell, Democrat. Pike, Frederick A., was born at Calais, Maine, December 9, 1817; received a classical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1840, and commenced practice at Calais; edited "The Calais Advertiser" one year from April 14, 1841; was a member of the State legislature of Maine for several years, serving one year as speaker of the House ; was State attorney for Washington County; was elected a representative from Maine in the Thirty-seventh Congress as a Republican, receiving 9,426 votes against 7,768 votes for Bradbury, Democrat ; was re- elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, receiving 9,160 votes against 8,217 votes for J. White, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiv ing 12,566 votes against 8,866 votes for J. White, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Fortieth Con gress, receiving 12,351 votes against 7,973 votes for Crosby, Democrat, serving from July 4, 1861, to March 3, 1869; was again a member of the State House of Representatives ; was defeated as the Lib eral Republican candidate for the Forty-third Con gress, receiving 10,918 votes against 14,181 votes for Eugene Hale, Republican. Pike, James, was born at Salisbury, Massachu setts, November, 1818; received a classical education; studied theology, graduating at the Wesleyan Uni versity, Connecticut; was a minister in the Method- ist-Ep"iscopal Church 1841-1854; was elected a rep resentative from New Hampshire in the Thirty- fourth Congress as an American, receiving 12,611 votes against 9,750 votes for G. W. Kitteridge, Dem ocrat, and was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Con gress, receiving 12,242 votes against 11,206 votes for G. W. Kitteridge, Democrat, serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1859; since the expiration of his term, has been an active member of the New-Hamp shire Methodist Conference, and presiding elder of the Dover District. Pile, \\Tilliam A., was born near Indianapolis, Indiana, February 11, 1829; received an academic education; studied theology, and was a clergyman of the Methodist-Episcopal Church, and a member of the Missouri Conference ; joined the Union army as chaplain of the Missouri volunteers in 1861 ; took command of a light battery in 1862; was placed in command of a regiment of infantry, and was pro moted to the rank of brigadier-general, serving throughout the war for the suppression of the Re- STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 575 bellion; was elected a representative from Missouri in the Fortieth Congress as a Republican, receiving 6,728 votes against 0,510 votes for Hogan, Conserva tive, serving from March 4, 18(57, to March 3, 1809; was defeated as the Republican candidate for the Forty-first Congress, receiving 9,553 votes against 9,734 votes for Erastus Wells, Democrat; was ap pointed by President Grant governor of New Mex ico, serving 1809-1870; was appointed minister resi dent at Venezuela May 23, 1871, and resigned in 1874. Pilsbury, Timothy, was born at Newbury, Massachusetts, April 12, 1789; received a public- school education; was clerk in a store; went to sea as sailor and as mate, and was captain of a brig on a cruise to Europe; removed to Maine; was a member of the State legislature of Maine and of the Execu tive Council ; was defeated as a candidate for Con gress in the Eastport District; removed to Ohio, thence to Louisiana, and thence to Brazonia, Texas ; was a member of the House of Representatives, and then of the Senate of the republic of Texas; was elected a representative from Texas, on the admis sion of that State, in the Twenty-ninth Congress, as a Calhoun Democrat, receiving 43 majority ; and was re-elected to the Thirtieth Congress, serving from June 10, 1846, to March 3, 1849; was defeated as the Calhoun-Democrat candidate for the Thirty-first Congress, receiving 2,135 votes against 4,120 votes for Volney E. Howard, Democrat, 2,796 votes for Williamson, Democrat, and 721 votes for Hugh Mc- Leod, Democrat ; died near Danville, Texas, Novem ber 23, 1858. Pinchback, Percy Bysshe Shelley, was born in Georgia May 10, 1837; was taken when young to New Orleans; received a good English education at Gilmore s High School, Cincinnati; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Conven tion of Louisiana in 1867; was a delegate from Louisiana in the National Republican Convention at Chicago in 1808 ; was a member of the State Senate of Louisiana in 1868; was appointed by President Grant registrar of the land-office in Louisiana, but de clined; was elected December 6, 1871, lieutenant- governor of Louisiana (to fill the vacancy occasioned by the death of Lieutenant-Governor Dunn); was acting governor of Louisiana during the impeach ment of Governor Warmouth in 1872 ; was elected a United-States senator from Louisiana January 15, 1873, and was again elected in January, 1874, but he was not admitted to his seat. Pinckney, Charles, was born at Charleston, South Carolina, March 9, 1758; received a classical education at the school of Dr. Oli pliant; studied law with his father, Colonel Charles Pinckney, and was admitted to the bar in 1779; was a member of the Pro vincial legislature 1779-1780; was taken prisoner by the British in 1780; was a delegate to the Continen tal Congress 1777-1778, and again in 1784-1787 ; was a member of the United-States Constitutional Con vention in 1787 ; was a member of the State Conven tion by which the Federal Constitution was ratified in 1788, and of the State Constitutional Convention in 1790; was governor of South Carolina 1789-1792 and 1790-1798; was elected a United-States senator from South Carolina as a Democrat, defeating Gen eral Pickens, and serving from February 16, 1797, to December 19, 1801 ; was minister to Spain January 12, 1803-May 21, 1805; was a member of the State legislature 1806; was governor of South Carolina 1806-1808; was a member of the State legislature 1810-1814; was elected a representative from South Carolina in the Sixteenth Congress as a Democrat, defeating two Federal opponents, and serving from December 6, 1819, to March 3, 1821 ; he retired to private life, and died at Charleston, South Carolina, February 25, 1822. He published a pamphlet in support of Mr. Monroe s election to the presidency, and his "Travels in Europe." Pinckney, Henry Laurens, was born at Charleston, South Carolina, September 24, 1794 ; re ceived a classical education, graduating at South- Carolina College in 1812; studied law with his brother-in-law, Robert Y. Hayue; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Charleston; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1816- 1832 ; was mayor of Charleston in 1832 ; was elected a representative from South Carolina in the Twenty- third Congress as a Whig, and was re-elected to the Twenty-fourth Congress, serving from December 2, 1833. to March 3, 1837; was again mayor of Charles ton in 1839 and 1840; was collector of the port of Charleston, and died there February 3, 1863. Pinckney, Thomas, was born at Charleston, South Carolina, October 23, 1750; received a classi cal education in England, graduating at Oxford University; studied law at the Temple at London; was admitted to practice as a barrister; returned to South Carolina, and commenced practice at Charles ton in 1773; served in the Revolutionary army, at taining the rank of major, and was wounded and taken prisoner at the battle of Gum Swamp in 1780; declined the position of United-States district-judge offered him by President Washington in 1789 ; was governor of South Carolina 1789-1792; was minister to Great Britain January 12, 1792-July 28, 1790 ; was minister to Spain November 24, 1794-November, 1795, negotiating the treaty of San Idelfonso; was elected a representative from South Carolina in the Fifth Congress (in place of William Smith, resigned) as a Federalist, and was re-elected to the Sixth Congress, serving from November 23, 1797, to March 3, 1801; was appointed major-general at the com mencement of the war of 1812, and placed in com mand of the Southern Military Division, serving throughout the war; died at Charleston, South Caro lina, November 2, 1828. Pindall, James, was born in Virginia; was elected a representative from that State in the Fif teenth Congress as a Federalist; was re-elected to the Sixteenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1817, to 1820, when he resigned. Pinkney, William (grandfather of William Pinkney Whyte), was born at Annapolis, Maryland, March 17, 1704; received a classical education at King William School (now St. John s College); left his father, who was loyal to King George, and be came a clerk in an apothecary s shop at Baltimore, where he commenced the study of medicine under Dr. Dorsay; he attracted the attention of Judge Chase at a debating society, and was persuaded by him to study law; was admitted to the bar in 1786, and commenced practice in Harf ord County : was a member of the State Constitutional Convention in 1788, and of the State House of Delegates in 1789; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Second Congress, but objection was made on the ground of non-residence, and he resigned November 9, 1791 ; was a member of the Executive Council of Maryland 1792-1795, and again a member of the House of Delegates in 1795 ; was one of the commis sioners at London under Jay s treaty 1796-1804; was attorney-general of Maryland 1805 ; was joint minis ter plenipotentiary to Great Britain with James Monroe 180(5-1807, and minister plenipotentiary 1807- 1811; returned to the United States in 1811; settled in Baltimore; was a member of the State Senate; was attorney-general of the United States December 11, 1811-February 10, 1814; commanded a battalion of volunteer riflemen in Stansbury s Maryland Bri gade in 1814, and was wounded in the battle of Bla- densburg; was elected a representative from Mary land in the Fourteenth Congress, serving from January 8, 1816, to April 23, 1816, when he resigned on being appointed minister plenipotentiary to the Two Sieilies ; was appointed minister plenipotentiary to Russia March 7, 1816, which position he held until February 14, 1818; was elected United-States senator from Maryland (to fill the vacancy occa sioned by the death of Alexander C. Hanson), and took his seat January 4, 1820, serving until his death 576 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. at Washington, caused by over-exertion in arguing a case before the Supreme Court, February 25, 1822. Pinson, Richard A., of Pontotoc County, Mis sissippi, presented to the House of Representatives on the 4th of June, 1866, credentials signed by Gov ernor Humphreys, declaring that he had been elected to represent the Second District of Mississippi in the Thirty-sixth Congress. Piper, William, was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twelfth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 413 majority over John Rea, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Congresses, serving from November 4, 1811, to March 3, 1817. Piper, William A., was born in Franklin Coun ty, Pennsylvania, in 1825; volunteered at St. Louis, Missouri, in 1846, and served in the Mexican war; removed from St. Louis to California in 1848, and, after the spring of 1849, resided in San Francisco; engaged in general business; was elected a repre sentative from California in the Forty-fourth Con gress as a Democrat, receiving 12,417 votes against 6,791 votes for Ira P. Rankin, Republican, and 6,103 votes for John F. Swift, Independent; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Forty-fifth Con gress, receiving 19,363 votes against 22,114 votes for Horace Davis, Republican. Pitcher, Nathaniel, was born at Litchfield, Connecticut, in 1777; removed to Sandy Hill, New York ; was a member of the State House of Repre sentatives in 1806, 1815-1817; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention of 1821 ; was elected lieutenant-governor of New York in 1826, and be came acting governor on the death of Governor Clinton, serving from Februrary, 1827, to January, 1829 ; was elected a representative from New York in the Sixteenth Congress as a Democrat; was re- elected to the Seventeenth Congress, serving from December 6, 1819, to March 3, 1823; was again elected to the Twenty-second Congress, serving from December 5, 1831, to March 2, 1833; died at Sandy Hill, New York, May 25, 1836. Pitkin, Timothy, was born at Farmington, Connecticut, in 1765; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1785; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at New Haven; was for several successive years a member of the State House of Representatives, serving five sessions as speaker; was elected a representative from Con necticut in the Ninth Congress as a Federalist; was re-elected to the Tenth, Eleventh, Twelfth, Thir teenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth Congresses, serv ing from December 2, 1805, to March 3, 1819. He published "Statistical View of the Commerce of the United States" 1816, and revised in 1S35 ; and "Po litical and Civil History of the United States 1763- 1797." Pitman, Charles W., was born in New Jer sey ; removed to Pennsylvania, and resided at Potts- ville; was elected a representative from Pennsylva nia in the Thirty-first Congress as a Whig, receiving 113,203 votes against 8,182 votes for Dockery, Demo crat, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1851. Plaisted, Harris M., was born in Jefferson, New Hampshire, November 2, 1828; was brought up on his father s farm, working summers, and teaching school winters; graduated at Colby University in 1853, and at the law-school of the University of Albany in 1855; was admitted to the bar, and com menced practice at Bangor, Maine, in 1856; served in the Union army throughout the war as colonel of the Eleventh Maine Volunteers, and as brigadier- general and major-general by brevet ; was a member of the State legislature in 1867 and 1868; was a dele gate from the State at large to the National Repub lican Convention at Chicago in 1868; was attorney- general of Maine in 1873, 1874, and 1875; and was elected a representative from Maine in the Forty- fourth Congress (to fill the vacancy occasioned by the death of Samuel F. Hersey) as a Republican, re ceiving 10,735 votes against 9,766 votes for James C. Madigan, Democrat, serving from December 6, 1875, to March 3,1877. Plant, David, was born at Stratford, Connecti cut; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1804; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1819 and 1820, serving as speaker; was a member of the State Senate 1821- 1823; was lieutenant-governor of Connecticut 1823- 1827 ; was elected a representative from Connecticut in the Twentieth Congress, serving from D ecember 3, 1827, to March 3, 1829; died at Stratford, Connect icut, October 18, 1851. Plants, Tobias A., was born in Beaver Coun ty, Pennsylvania, March 17, 1811; was self-educated; taught school; studied law, and commenced practice at Pomeroy, Ohio ; was a member of the State legis lature of Ohio in 1858, 1859, 1860, and 1861; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirty-ninth Congress as a Republican, receiving 12,847 votes against 9,564 votes for James M. Morris, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, receiving 12,816 votes against 10,752 votes for Follett, Demo crat, serving from December 4, 1865, to March 3, 1869. Plater, George, was born in Maryland in 1736 ; received a classical education, graduating at William and Mary College in 1753; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Annapolis ; was a dele gate from Maryland to the Continental Congress 1778-1781; was a delegate to the convention which ratified the Federal Constitution in 1788, and its president; was governor of Maryland in 1792; died at Annapolis, Maryland, February 10, 1792. Plater, Thomas, was born at Annapolis, Mary land ; held several local offices ; was elected a repre sentative from Maryland in the Seventh Congress; was re-elected to the Eighth Congress, serving from December 7, 1801, to March 3, 1805. Platt, James H., jun., was born in St. John s, Canada, July 13, 1837, of parents who were Ameri can citizens, and residents of Vermont; received an academic education; graduated from the medical department of the University of Vermont in 1859; in 1861 entered the Union army as first sergeant of the Third Vermont Volunteers ; became captain of Company B, Fourth Vermont Volunteers, and served on the staff of Major-General Sedgwick as acting chief quartermaster, Sixth Army Corps, until the death of that officer; was taken prisoner May 30,1864, and held until the following December; was appoint ed lieutenant-colonel, and assigned to duty as chief quartermaster of the Sixth Corps, and, declining the same, was honorably discharged the service ; settled in Petersburg, Virginia, April 6, 1865; was elected a member of the Constitutional Convention of Virginia in 1867; served as a member of the city council of Petersburg, and as a member of the Board of Edu cation; removed to Norfolk; was elected a represen tative from Virginia in the Forty-first Congress as a Radical Republican, receiving 16,781 votes against 11,255 votes for Godwin, Conservative, and 2,736 votes for Bayne, Independent; was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress, receiving 15,505 votes against 10,902 votes for R. B. Boiling, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress as a Repub lican, receiving 15,553 votes against 10,329 votes for B. P. Lee, Democrat, serving from January 27, 1870, to March 3, 1875; was defeated as the Republican candidate for the Forty-fourth Congress, receiving 13,390 votes against 13,521 votes for John Goode, jun., Democrat. Platt, Jonas, was born in Oneida County, New York; resided at Whitesborough; was elected a rep resentative from New York in the Sixth Congress, serving from December 2, 1799, to March 3, 1801; was appointed a justice of the Supreme Court of New York February 23, 1814; died at Peru, New York, June 19, 1834. STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 577 Platt, Thomas C., was born at Owego, New York, July 15, 18:33; received an academic education at the Owego Academy; was a member of the class of 1853 of Yale College, New Haven, but withdrew in his junior year on account of ill health; followed mercantile pursuits after he left college; was presi dent of the Tioga National Bank; was extensively engaged in lumbering in Michigan; was county-clerk of the county of Tioga in 1859, 1860, and 1861 ; was elected a representative from New York in the Forty- third Congress as a Republican, receiving 16,603 votes against 13,406 votes for M. Goodrich, Liberal and Democrat; and was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Congress, receiving 13,766 votes against 13,013 votes for Jones, Democrat, serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1877. Platt, Zephaniah, was born in Dutchess Coun ty, New York; received a classical education; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and practised ; was a delegate from New York to the Continental Congress 1784-1786 ; was judge of the court of the district in which he lived until advancing years warned him to give up active labor; he then retired to his handsome estate on Lake Champlain, where he founded the town of Plattsburg, and died there. Pleasants, James, was born in Virginia in 1769 ; received a thorough English education ; stud ied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Goochland Court House ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1796 ; was clerk of the House 1803-1811 ; was elected a repre sentative from Virginia in the Twelfth Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirteenth, Four teenth, and Fifteenth Congresses, serving from No vember 4, 1811, to March 3, 1819; was elected a Unit ed-States senator from Virginia (in place of John W. Eppes, resigned), serving from December 14, 1819, to March 1, 1822, when he resigned; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention 1829-1830; died near Goochland Court House, Virginia, November 9, 1836. Plumb, Preston B., was born in Delaware County, Ohio, October 12, 1837 ; received a common- school education ; learned the art of printing, and afterwards aided in establishing " The Xenia News; " removed to Kansas in 1856; established "TheEmpo- ria News;" was a member of the Leavenworth Con stitutional Convention in 1859 ; was admitted to the bar in 1861 ; was elected to the lower House of the legislature in 1862; and was chairman of the Judi ciary Committee, and subsequently reporter of the Supreme Court; in August of the same year, entered the service as second lieutenant in the Eleventh Kansas Infantry, and served successively as captain, major, and lieutenant-colonel of that regiment; was a member and speaker of the Kansas House of Rep resentatives in 1867, and also a member in the fol lowing year; having relinquished the practice of the law on account of failing health, he became presi dent of the Emporia National Bank in January, 1873; was elected United-States senator from Kansas as a Republican (to succeed James M. Harvey, Repub lican), and took his seat March 4, 1877; his term will expire March 3, 1883. Plumer, Arnold, was born in Pennsylvania; resided at Franklin; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1839; was again electee! to the Twenty-seventh Congress, receiving 246 majority, serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1843. Plumer, George, was born in Alleghany Coun ty, Pennsylvania; resided at Robbstown ; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Seven teenth Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Eighteenth Congress, defeating Alexander W. Foster; was re-elected to the Nineteenth Congress, serving from December 3. 1821, to March 3, 1827. Plumer, William (father of William Plumer), was born at Newburyport, Massachusetts, June 25, 1759; removed with his father to Epping, New Hampshire, in 1768 ; received an academic education ; studied law with John Prentiss at Londonderry; was admitted to the bar in 1787, and commenced practice at Epping; filled several town-offices; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1785,1788, 1790, 1791, 1797, 1798, 1800, and 1801, serving two years as speaker, and was president of the State Senate in 1810 and 1811 ; was a member of the New- Hampshire Constitutional Convention in 1791-1792; was State solicitor for Rockingham County, which office he resigned when elected to the United-States Senate (to fill the vacancy occasioned by the resigna tion of James Sheaf e), serving from December 6, 1802, until March 3, 1807 ; was governor of New Hamp shire 1812-1813 and 1816-1819; was a presidential elector in 1820, casting his vote for John Quincy Adams (the only one in opposition to the re-election of President Monroe, to whom he objected on account of his financial recommendations) ; devoted the last thirty years of his life to literary pursuits, and died at Epping, New Hampshire, December 22, 1850. He published, during the last thirty years of his life, nu merous contributions to the periodical press, signed " Cincinnatus," an "Appeal to the Old Whigs," and "An Address to the Clergy." His life, edited by Rev. A. P. Peabody, D.D., was published in 1856. Plumer, "William (son of William Plumer), was born at Epping, New Hampshire, October 9, 1789; received a classical education, graduating at Cam bridge in 1809; studied law with his father; was ad mitted to the bar, but was never known as a prac tising lawyer; was repeatedly elected a member of the State Senate or House of Representatives ; was elected a representative from New Hampshire in the Sixteenth Congress as a Democrat ; was re-elected to the Seventeenth Congress, and was re-elected to the Eighteenth Congress, serving from December 6, 1819, to March 3, 1825 ; was a delegate to the State Con stitutional Convention in 1850 ; and died, after a brief attack of dysentery (never before having known a day s indisposition), at Epping, New Hampshire, Sep tember 18, 1854. He published " Youth, or Scenes from the Past, and other Poems," "Manhood," &c., a series of poems. Plummer, Franklin E., was born in Virginia; received an academical education ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Westville, Mississippi; was elected a representative from Mississippi in the Twenty-second Congress; was re-elected to the Twenty-third Congress, serving from December 5, 1831, to March 3, 1835; became very poor, and died at Jackson, Mississippi, Septem ber 24, 1802. Poe, Washington, was elected a representative from Georgia in the Twenty-ninth Congress as a Whig, receiving 4,952 votes against 4,813 votes for Chappell, Democrat ; he never took his seat, but re signed "on account of imperative personal engage ments." Poindexter, George, was born in Loudon County, Virginia, in 1779; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in the Territory of Mississippi in 1802 ; was elected a delegate from Mississippi Territory in the Tenth Congress as a Democrat ; was re-elected to the Eleventh Congress, and was re-elected to the Twelfth Congress, serving from October 26, 1807, to March 3, 1813 ; was appoint ed United-States judge for the Territory; served on General Jackson s staff in the war of 1812; was elect ed a representative from Mississippi in the Fifteenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1817, to March 3, 1819; was governor of Mississippi 1819-1821; was ap pointed a United-States senator (in place of Robert H. Adams, deceased), and subsequently elected, serving from December 6, 1830, to March 3, 1835 ; removed to Lexington, Kentucky, where he practised a few years, and then returned to Jackson, Mississippi; fought a duel with a merchant named Abijah Hunt, and killed him ; died at Jackson, Mississippi, September 578 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. 5, 1853. He published a revised code of the laws of Mississippi. Poinsett, Joel Roberts, was born at Charles ton, South Carolina, March 2, 1779; was taken to England by his parents when a child, returning to Charleston in 1788; was educated at Greenfield, Con necticut, under President Dwight; his health forced him to travel in 1790 in Europe, where he studied medicine and military affairs; was appointed by President Madison in 1809 to visit South America, and ascertain the prospects of the revolutionists there ; returning to South Carolina, he was elected to the State House of Representatives; was a prominent Freemason, and an officer of the General Grand Royal Arch Chapter; was elected a representative from South Carolina in the Seventeenth Congress as a Federalist, defeating George Geddes; and was re- elected to the Eighteenth Congress, receiving 301 majority over Samuel Warren, serving from Decem ber 3, 1821, to March 3, 1825; was appointed on a special commission to Mexico in 1822, and minister to Mexico 1825-1829 ; was appointed by President Van Buren secretary of war, serving from March 7, 1837, to March 3, 1841 ; was opposed to nullification, seces sion, and a war with Mexico; died at Slatesburg, South Carolina, December 12, 1851. He published "Notes on Mexico," and delivered a number of es says and orations on manufactures, agriculture, and science. Poland, Luke P., was born at Westford, Ver mont, November 1, 1815; received an academic edu cation; studied and practised law; was register of probate of Lamoille County in 1839 and 1840; was a member of the State Constitutional Convention of Vermont in 1843; was prosecuting-attorney in 1844 and 1845 ; was judge of the Supreme Court of Ver mont from 1848 to 1850, and in 1860 was made chief justice; received in 1801 the degree of doctor of laws from the University of Vermont ; was appoint ed a United-States senator from Vermont (in place of Jacob Collamer, deceased), serving from Decem ber 4, 1805, to March 3. 1807 ; was elected a represen tative from Vermont in the Fortieth Congress as a Republican, receiving 10,844 votes against 3,935 votes for Chase, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress, receiving 15,407 votes against 5,152 votes for Chase, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty- second Congress, receiving 10,479 votes against 3,200 votes for L. S. Partridge, Democrat; and was re- elected to the Forty-third Congress, receiving 11,070 votes against 2,929 votes for H. W. Steele, Independ ent, and 2,440 votes for J. W. Pierce, Democrat, serving from March 4, 1807, to March 3, 1875; was defeated as a Republican candidate for the Forty- fourth Congress, receiving 4,079 votes against 8,295 votes for D. C. Denison, Republican, and 1,524 votes for L. P. McLane, Democrat; was a delegate to the National Republican Convention at Cincinnati in 1870. Polk, James Knqx (brother of William H. Polk), was born near Little Sugar Creek, Mecklen burg County, North Carolina, November 2, 1795; went with his father to Tennessee in 1800; received a classical education, graduating at the University of North Carolina in 1818 with the highest honors; studied law at Nashville with Felix Grundy; was admitted to the bar in 1820, and commenced practice; was an active member of the Masonic fraternity, holding offices in the lodge and chapter; was a mem ber of the legislature of Tennessee in 1823-1825; was elected a representative in the Nineteenth Con gress as a Democrat (defeating James T. Sanford, Whig), and was successively re-elected until the Twenty-fifth, serving from December 5, 1825, until March 3, 1839, and as speaker from December 7, 1835; was elected governor of Tennessee in 1839 as a Democrat, receiving 54,680 votes against 52,114 votes for Cannon, Whig; was nominated for President of the United States by the National Democratic Con vention at Baltimore May 29, 1844, and elected in November, 1844, receiving 170 electoral votes against 105 electoral votes for Henry Clay; was inaugurated March 4, 1845, and declined a renomination ; died at Nashville, Tennessee, June 15, 1849. His life, by John S. Jenkins, and a history of his administration, were published in 1850. Polk, Trusten, was born in Sussex County, Delaware, May 29, 1811; received a classical educa tion, graduating at Yale College in 1831; studied law at Yale Law School ; was admitted to the bar in 1835, and commenced practice at St. Loiiis, Missouri ; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention in 1845; was a presidential elector on the Cass and Butler ticket in 1848; was elected governor of Mis souri, and inaugurated in January, 1857, but soon after resigned ; was elected a United-States senator from Missouri as a Democrat, serving from March 4, 1857, to January 10, 1802, when he was expelled. Polk, William H. (brother of James Knox Polk), was born in Maury County, Tennessee, May 24, 1815; received a classical education, graduating at the University of Tennessee; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1839, and commenced practice at Columbia; was appointed by President Tyler minister to Naples, serving March 13, 1845-August 31, 1847; served in the Mexican war as major of the Third Dragoons, serving August 31, 1847-July 20, 1848; was elected a representative from Tennessee in the Thirty-second Congress as a Democrat, receiv ing 4,812 votes against 3,072 votes for Thomas, Democrat, serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1853 ; was opposed to secession in 1801 ; died at Nashville December 10, 1862. Pollard, Henry M., was born at Plymouth, Windsor County, Vermont, June 14, 1836; received a common-school and academic education, graduat ing in 1857 at the scientific department of Dart mouth College; served in the Union army during the war as major of the Eighth Regiment of Vermont Volunteers; located in Chillicothe in the fall of 1865, and has since resided there, practising law ; and was elected a representative from Missouri in the Forty- fifth Congress as a Republican, receiving 16,582 votes against 15,802 votes for R. A. De Bolt, Demo crat, serving from October 15, 1877. Pollock, James, was born in Pennsylvania; re ceived a classical education, graduating at Princeton College in 1831; resided at Milton; was a judge of the Court of Common Pleas ; was elected a represen tative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-eighth Con gress (in place of Henry Frick, deceased) as a Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-ninth and Thirtieth Congresses, serving from April 23, 1844, to March 3, 1849; was elected governor as a Union Republican in 1854, receiving 204,008 votes against 107,001 votes for Bigler, Democrat, serving 1855-1858; was a dele gate to the Peace Convention at Washington in 1861 ; was appointed director of the United-States Mint at Philadelphia 1861-1807. Polsley, Daniel, was born near Fairmont, Vir ginia, November 28, 1803; received a common-school education; studied law, and practised until 1845, when he retired to engage in agricultural pursuits ; was a member of the West-Virginia (Wheeling) Con vention in 1861; was elected lieutenant-governor of the loyal State Government of Virginia in 1861; was elected judge of the Seventh Judicial Circuit of West Virginia in 1862, and was elected a representative from West Virginia in the Fortieth Congress as a Republican, receiving 5,211 votes against 3,639 votes for Oley, Democrat, serving from March 4, 1867, to March 3, 1869; died at Point Pleasant, West Vir ginia, of consumption, October 14, 1876. Pomeroy, Charles, was born at Meriden, Con necticut, September 3, 1825; received an academic education; studied and practised law, but is a fann er; settled in Iowa in 1855, and was a presidential elector from that State on the Lincoln ticket in 1860; was appointed receiver in the United-States land- office at Fort Dodge in 1861 ; and was elected a rep- STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 579 resentative from Iowa in the Forty-first Congress as a Republican, receiving 1(5,775 votes against 6,257 votes for Kossell, Democrat, serving from March 4, 1809, to March 3, 1871. Pomeroy, Samuel C., was born in Southamp ton, Massachusetts, January 3, 1810; was educated at Amherst College, Massachusetts; went to New York, where he resided for some years, and returned to Massachusetts, where he held several local offices ; was a member of the legislature of Massachusetts in 1852 ; was an organizer and the chief financial agent of the New-England Emigrant Aid Society; went to Kansas, and was identified with its organization; was elected United-States senator from Kansas as a Re- publi .an, and took his seat in 1861 ; and was re-elected in 1867, serving from March 4, 1861, to March 3, 1873. Pomeroy, Theodore M., was born at Cayuga, New York, December 31, 1824; graduated at Hamil ton College, New York ; studied and practised law; was district-attorney of Cayuga County from 1850 to 1856; was a member of the General Assembly of New York in 1857 ; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-seventh Congress as a Re publican, receiving 14,437 votes against 7,691 votes for Beardsley, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thir ty-eighth Congress, receiving 13,834 votes against 11,196 votes for Hadley, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiving 16,027 votes against 11,832 votes for Cuyler, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, receiving 16,189 votes against 11,404 votes for Humphreys, Democrat, serving from July 4, 1861, to March 3, 1869. Pond, Benjamin, was a native of the State of New York; received a public-school education; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1808-1810; was elected a representative from New York in the Twelfth Congress as a Democrat, with out opposition, serving from November 4, 1811, to March 3, 1813; was again elected to the Fourteenth Congress, but died before taking his seat, at Schroon Lake, New York, June 14, 1815. Pool, John, was born in Pasquotank County, North Carolina, June 16, 1826; graduated at the University of North Carolina in 1847; is a practising lawyer ; was elected to the State Senate in 1856, re- elected in 1858, and again in 1864, and again in 1865 ; was a member of the State Constitutional Conven tion in 1865; was the Whig candidate for governor of the State in 1860; was elected United-States senator from North Carolina in 1865; and was re- elected in 1868, and qualified and took his seat in July, 1868, serving from July 10, 1868, to March 3, 1875. Pope, John, was born in Prince William Coun ty, Virginia, in 1770; having lost an arm by accident, he studied law; was admitted to the bar, and com menced practice at Springfield, Kentucky; was for several years a member of the State House of Repre sentatives ; was a presidential elector on the Jefferson ticket in 1801 ; was elected a United-States senator from Kentucky as a Democrat, serving from October 26, 18J7, to March 3, 1813; was appointed Territorial governor of Arkansas 1829-1835 ; returned to Spring field ; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, defeating Hardin, Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-sixth Congress, receiving 200 majority over Robert C. Palmer, Whig ; was re-elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress, serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1843; was defeated as the Independent candidate for the Twenty-eighth Congress, receiving 2,338 votes against 4,872 votes for Stone, Democrat, and 3,701 votes for Grigsby, Whig; died at Springfield, Kentucky, July 12, 1845. Pope, Nathaniel, was born at Louisville, Ken tucky, in 1784; received a classical education, gradu ating at Transylvania University ; studied the French language, and law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at St. Genevieve, Missouri, 1804; was appointed secretary of the Territory of Illinois in 1809, and removed to Springfield ; was elected a delegate from Illinois Territory in the Fourteenth Congress ; was re-elected to the Fifteenth Congress, serving from December 2, 1816, to December 4, 1818; was appointed United-States judge for the District of Illinois in 1818, and occupied that position until his death at Springfield June 14, 1850. Pope, Patrick H., was born in 1808; resided at Louisville ; was elected a representative from Ken tucky in the Twenty-third Congress as a Jackson Democrat, receiving 1,704 votes against 1.690 votes for H. Crittenden, Clay Democrat, serving from De cember 2, 1833, to March 3, 1835; was defeated as a Democratic candidate for the Twenty-fourth Con gress; died at Louisville, Kentucky, May 4, 1841. Poppleton, Earley F., was born in Richland County, Ohio, September 29, 1834; was educated at the Ohio Wesleyan University at Delaware; studied law at Elyria, Ohio, where he commenced practice ; removed in 1861 to Delaware, where he resided, and practised his profession ; was on the Democratic elec toral ticket from the Eighth Congressional District in 1868; was elected to the State Senate of Ohio in 1870 to fill a vacancy; and was elected a representa tive from Ohio in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 11,627 votes against 11,199 votes for J. W. Robinson, Republican, and 1,045 votes for Harrod, Prohibitionist, serving from December 6, 1875, to March 3, 1877; was defeated as the Demo cratic candidate for the Forty-fifth Congress, receiv ing 15,175 votes against 15,978 votes for John S. Jones, Republican, and 308 votes for Levi L. Benson, Prohibitionist. Porter, Albert G., was born at Lawrenceburg, Indiana, April 20, 1824; received a classical educa tion, graduating at Asbury University in 1843 ; stud ied law; was admitted to the bar in 1845, and com menced practice at Indianapolis; was councilman and corporation attorney ; was appointed in 1853 re porter of the Supreme Court of Indiana; was elected a representative from Indiana in the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Republican, receiving 10,776 votes against 9,716 votes for M. M. Ray, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress, re ceiving 13,029 votes against 11,887 votes for R. L. Walpole, Democrat, serving from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 1863 ; was defeated as presidential elector on the Hayes ticket in 1876 ; was appointed by Presi dent Hayes first comptroller of the treasury (in place of R. A. Taylor, deceased) March 5, 1878. Porter, Alexander J., was born near Armagh, Ireland, in 1786; his father, who was a clergyman, having been executed as a member of the Society of United Irishmen, he was brought to Nashville when a lad by an uncle ; he received a public-school educa tion; was a clerk in a store; studied law at night; was admitted to the bar, and, by advice of General Jackson, located in Attakapas, Louisiana; was a delegate to the Convention which framed a State Constitution ; was a judge of the State Supreme Court for fifteen years ; was elected a United-States senator from Louisiana as a Whig (in place of Joseph S. Johnston, deceased), serving from January 6, 1834, to January 5, 1837, when he resigned; was again elected a United-States senator by a Democratic legis lature, serving from December 4, 1843, to January 13, 1844, when he died of ossification of the heart at Attakapas, Louisiana. Porter, Augustus S. (son of Peter Buel Por ter), was born at Canandaigua, New York, January 18, 1798; received a classical education, graduating at Union College in 1818; studied law; was ad mitted to the bar, and commenced practice at De troit, Michigan; was mayor of Detroit in 1838; was elected a United-States senator from Michigan as a Whig, serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1845; removed in 1848 to Niagara Falls, the residence of his father. Porter, Charles H., was born in Cairo, New 580 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. York; received an academic education; was a stu dent at the Law University at Albany, New York, in 1852-1853; practised law in Greene County until the spring of 1861, when he entered the Union army; settled at Norfolk, Virginia, and was attorney for the Commonwealth there from October, 1863, until January, 1870, and attorney for the city for one year; was a member of the Constitutional Convention of Virginia in 1867 and 1868; and was elected a repre sentative from Virginia in the Forty-first Congress as a Republican, receiving 17,311 votes against 13,041 votes for Hunnicutt, Conservative, 815 for Mulford, Independent Democrat, and 231 for Cook, Independ ent Colored ; was re-elected to the Forty-second Con gress, receiving 15,555 votes against 10,657 votes for A. Ordway, Democrat, and 5 scattering votes, serving from January 27, 1870, to March 3, 1873 ; was defeated as the Independent candidate for the Forty-third Con gress, receiving 13 votes against 15,393 votes for Wil liam H. H. Stowell, Republican, and 8,068 votes for P. W. McKinney, Democrat. Porter, Gilchrist, was born in Virginia; re moved to Missouri, and resided at Bowling Green; was elected a representative from Missouri in the Thirty-second Congress as a Whig, receiving 6,889 votes against 5,878 votes for Henderson, Democrat, serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1853; was defeated as the Whig candidate for the Thirty- third Congress, receiving 6,224 votes against 7,007 votes for Lamb, Democrat ; was again elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress, receiving 8,119 votes against 6,877 votes for Corneck, Democrat, serving from De cember 3, 1855, to March 3, 1857. Porter, James, was born at Williamstown, Mas sachusetts ; received a classical education, graduating at Williams College; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Skaneateles. New York ; was a member of the State House of Repre sentatives in 1814 and 1815 ; was elected a representa tive from New York in the Fifteenth Congress, serv ing from December 1, 1817, to March 3,"l819; was appointed register of the Court of Chancery at Albany, and held the position until his death at Albany. Porter, John, was born in Pennsylvania; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Ninth Congress (in place of Michael Leib, resigned); was re-elected to the Tenth and Eleventh Congresses, serving from December 8, 1806, to March 3, 1811. Porter, Peter Buel (father of Augustus S. Por ter), was born at Salisbury, Connecticut, in 1773; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1791; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1795, and commenced practice at Canandaigua, New York; was elected a representative from New York in the Eleventh Congress as a Democrat, and was re-elected to the Twelfth Congress, receiving 1,168 majority, serving from May 22, 1809, to March 3, 1813; served as major-general on the frontier during the war with Great Britain, and distinguished himself in several battles; was appointed by Presi dent Madison in 1815 commander-in-chief of the army, but declined; was again elected to the Four teenth Congress, serving from December 4, 1815, to 1816, when he resigned ; was commissioner under the treaty of Ghent in 1816; was secretary of state of New York 1815-1816; was appointed by John Quincy Adams secretary of war, serving from May 26, 1828, to March 9, 1829 ; was one of the early projectors of the Erie Canal; died at Niagara Falls, New York, March 20, 1844. Porter, Timothy H., was born at New Haven, Connecticut; removed to Olean, New York; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1816- 1817, and of the State Senate 1823; was elected a representative from New York in the Nineteenth Con gress, serving from December 5, 1825, to March 3, 1827; was again a member of the State Senate 1828- 1831, and of the State House of Representatives 18.38-1840. Posey, Thomas, was bom on the bank? of the Potomac July 9, 1750; received a public-school edu cation ; was county-lieutenant of Spottsylvania Coun ty, Virginia; participated in the early Indian and French war, and fought throughout the Revolution, receiving the appointment of brigadier-general in 1793; removed to Kentucky ; was State senator; was four years lieutenant-governor; was major-general in command of the Kentucky levies in 1809; removed to Louisiana; was appointed a United-States senator from Louisiana (in place of John Noel Destrahan, resigned), serving from December 7, 1812, to Feb ruary 5, 1813, when his successor took his seat ; was appointed governor of the Indian Territory March 3, 1813; was appointed Indian agent in 1816, and held the position until his death at Shawneetown, Illi nois, March 19, 1818. Post, Jotham, jun., was born in New York; received a classical education, graduating at Colum bia College; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1794-1797; was elected a representa tive from New York in the Thirteenth Congress as a Federalist, serving from May 24, 1813, to March 2, 1815. Poston, Charles D,, was born in Hardin Coun ty, Kentucky, April 20, 1825 ; received a public-school education; removed to California in 1850; was em ployed in the San Francisco custom-house for four years ; went to Arizona in 1854 to engage in silver- mining; was appointed superintendent of Indian affairs for the Territory ; was elected a delegate from Arizona Territory in the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Republican, serving from December 7, 1863, to March 3, 1865. Potter, Allen, was born in Saratoga County, New York, October 2, 1818 ; received a public-school education ; removed to Michigan in 183S, and located at Kalamazoo in 1845 ; has been engaged in manu facturing, mercantile pursuits, and banking; was elected president of the village in 1859, 1863, 1870, and 1872, and president of the local Board of Educa tion in 1870 and 1871 ; was elected president of the Kalamazoo and South-Haven Railroad Company in 1870; and was elected a representative from Michi gan in the Forty-fourth Congress as an Independent candidate, nominated by the Democrats and Liberals, receiving 13,317 votes against 12,278 votes for Julius C. Burrows, Republican, serving from December 6, 1875, to March 3, 1877. Potter, Clarkson Nott, was born in Schenec- tady, New York, in 1825 ; graduated at Union Col lege (of which his grandfather. Rev. Eliphalet Nott, was president, and his father, Bishop Alonzo Potter, was vice-president) in 1842; graduated at the Rens- selaer Institute as a civil engineer in 1843, and was a surveyor in Wisconsin; studied law in that State, and, after coming to the bar, commenced the practice of his profession in New- York City in 1847 ; held no public offices, but was engaged in many important cases ; was elected a representative from New York in the Forty-first Congress as a Democrat, receiving 16,533 votes against 12,700 votes for Bradley, Repub lican; was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress, receiving 14,249 votes against 10,685 votes for J. Westervelt, Republican; and was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 15,199 votes against 14,269 votes for E. Flagg, Republican, serving from March 4, 1869, to March 3, 1875; was again elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 16,178 votes against 11,160 votes for George B. Brandreth, Republican, serving from October 15, 1877. Potter, Elisha Reynolds (father of Elisha R. Potter, jun.), was born at Little Rest (now South Kingston), Rhode Island, November 5, 1764; was a blacksmith s apprentice, a farmer, and a soldier, in early life; studied law, and, after having been ad mitted to the bar, practised at South Kingston ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1793, and for thirty years thereafter, with occasional break ; was elected a representative from Rhode STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 581 Island in the Fourth Congress (in place of Benjamin Bourne, resigned) as a Federalist; was re-elected to the Fifth Congress, serving from December 19, 179G, to 1797, when he resigned ; was again elected to the Eleventh Congress; was re-elected to the Twelfth Congress, receiving 103 majority; was re-elected to the Thirteenth Congress, serving from May 22, 1809, to March 2, 1815; was defeated as candidate for governor of Rhode Island in 1818; died at South Kingston, Rhode Island, September 26, 1835. Potter, Elisha R., jun. (son of Elisha R. Potter), was born at Kingston, Rhode Island, June 20,1811; received a classical education, graduating at Harvard University in 1830; was for several years a member of the State House of Representatives; was State adjutant-general in 1835 and 1836; was elected a representative from Rhode Island in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Whig, receiving 1,096 majority, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1845; was State commissioner of public schools, serving from May, 1849, to October, 1854, when he resigned that he might devote himself exclusively to his profession. Has published " The Early History of Narraganset," " Paper Money in Rhode Island," and several essays on public schools and suffrage. Potter, Emery D., was born in Ohio; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice at Toledo; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 4,874 votes against 3,859 votes for Tilden, Whig, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1845 ; was again elected to the Thirty-first Congress, receiving 7,029 votes against 4,240 votes for Fitcoh, Free-Soiler, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1851; was appointed by President Buchanan United-States judge for the Territory of Utah. Potter, John P., was born at Augusta, Maine, May 11, 1817; received an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1837, and commenced practice at East Troy, Wisconsin; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1856; was elected a representative from Wisconsin in the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Republican, receiving 13,111 votes against 12,814 votes for Hadley, Demo crat; was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving 14,428 votes against 11,171 votes for Brown, Democrat ; and was re-elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress, receiving 16,197 votes against 13,508 votes for Arnold, Democrat, serving from December 7, 1857, to March 3, 1863; was defeated as the Repub lican candidate for the Thirty-eighth Congress, re ceiving 12,186 votes against 14,334 votes for Brown, Democrat; was appointed governor of Nebraska Territory by President Lincoln, but declined, and he was then appointed consul-general of the United States for the British Provinces in North America. Potter, Robert, was born in Granville, North Carojina; entered the United-States navy as a mid shipman March 2, 1815, and resigned March 26, 1821; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Halifax, North Carolina ; was a member of the House of Commons of North Carolina in 1826; was elected a representative in the Twenty-first Congress as a Jackson Democrat, serving from December 7, 1829, until March 3, 1831 ; moved by jealousy, he committed a brutal maim on two male relatives of his wife August 28, 1831, for which lie was sentenced to six months imprisonment and the payment of one thousand dollars fine; re moved to Texas, where he w r as killed in a disrepu table private quarrel. Potter, Samuel J., was born in Rhode Island in 1750; was a presidential elector in 1792 and in 1797; was elected a United-States senator from Rhode Island, serving from October 17, 1803, to October 1, 1804, when he died. Potter, William W., was born in 1790; re sided at Belief onte; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 6,832 votes against 6,763 votes for Williamson, Whig, serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1839 ; was re-elected to the Twenty- sixth Congress, receiving 6,517 votes against 6,i-!58 votes for William Irvin, Whig, but died before tak ing his seat, at Bellefonte, October 28, 1839. Pottle, Emory B., was born at Naples, New York; received a liberal education; studied lav/; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Naples ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1847; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Republican, receiv ing 9,368 votes against 3,897 votes for Ogden. Demo crat, and 4,211 votes for Oliver, American; was re- elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving 8,5i;8 votes against 7,173 votes for Ogden, Democrat, serv ing from December 7, 1857, to March 3, 1861. Potts, David, jun., was born in Chester Coun ty, Pennsylvania, in 1793 ; resided at Pottstowii ; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-second Congress as a Whig and anti-Mason; was re-elected to the Twenty-third Congress; was re-elected to the Twenty-fourth Congress, receiving 1,325 votes against 1,008 votes for John Morgan, Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty-fifth Con gress, serving from December 5, 1831, to March 3, 1839; died at Pottstown, Pennsylvania, January 17, 1863. Potts, Richard, was born in Maryland; was a delegate to the Continental Congress in 1781 and 1782 ; was elected a United-States senator from Mary land (in place of Charles Carroll, resigned), serving from February 4, 1793, to March 1, 1796, when he resigned. Pound, Thad C., was born at Elk, Pennsyl vania, December 6, 1833; received an academic ed"u- cation at Milton Academy, Wisconsin, and Rushford, Alleghany County, New York; removed to Rock County, Wisconsin, in May, 1856, and engaged in the manufacture of lumber and the mercantile busi ness, being president of the Union Lumbering Com pany, and of the Chippewa Falls and Western Rail way; was a member of the Legislative Assembly of Wisconsin in 1864, 1866, 1867, and 1869, serving the last year as speaker pro tempore ; was lieutenant-gov ernor of Wisconsin 1870 and 1871 ; was a delegate to the Republican National Convention at Philadelphia in 1872 ; and was elected a representative from Wis consin in the Forty-fifth Congress as a Republican, receiving 14,838 votes against 13,860 votes for George W. Gate, Democrat, serving from October 15, 1877. Powel, Samuel, was elected a representative from Tennessee in the Fourteenth Congress, serving from December 4, 1815, to March 3, 1817. Powell, Alfred H., was born in Loudpn County, Virginia, March 6, 1781 ; received a classical educa tion, graduating at Princeton College; studied law at Alexandria, Virginia; was admitted to the bar in 1800, and commenced practice at Winchester; was for several years a member of the State House of Representatives; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Nineteenth Congress, serving from December 5, 1825, to March 3, 1827 ; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention of 1830; Avas stricken down by apoplexy while arguing a case before the Chancery Court at Winchester, Virginia, in 1831. Powell} Cuthbert, was born at Alexandria, Virginia, in 1779; was mayor of Alexandria; re moved to London County; was elected a repre sentative from Virginia in the Twenty- seventh Congress as a Whig, serving from May 31, 18-11, to March 3, 1843; died at Langollen, Virginia, May 8, 1849. Powell, Joseph, was born at Towanda, Penn sylvania, June 23, 1828; received a common-school and academic education ; business in early life that of merchant, subsequently adding that of banker and coal-operator; had never held public office until elected a representative in Congress from a district previously Republican, and represented by Hon. D. 582 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Wilmot, Hon. G. A. Grow, and Hon. U. Mercur; he was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 12.183 votes against 12,082 votes for Laporte, Repub lican, serving from December 0, 1875, to March 3, 1877; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 14,958 votes against 16,954 votes for Edward Overton, jun., Republican. Powell, Lazarus "W., was born in Henderson County, Kentucky, October 6, 1812; received a clas sical education, graduating at St. Joseph s College, Bardstowu, in 1833; studied law at the Transylvania University; was admitted to the bar in 1835, and commenced practice at Henderson, carrying on his plantation at the same time; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1830; was a presidential elector on the Polk and Dallas ticket in 184-1; was governor of Kentucky 1851-1855; was elected a United-States senator from Kentucky as a Democrat, serving from December 5, 1859, to March 3,1865; was a delegate to the National Union Con vention at Philadelphia in 1866 ; died on his f ann, near Henderson, Kentucky, July 5, 1867. Powell, Levin, was born in London County, Virginia, in 1738; served through the Revolutionary war as an officer of the Virginia line, and rose to the rank of lieutenant-colonel; was a delegate to the State Convention which ratified the Federal Consti tution; was a candidate for Congress, and it was recorded in the newspapers that " General Washing ton, on the day of election, mounted his old iron- gray charger, and rode ten miles to the county court-house to vote for his brave brother-soldier, Lieutenant-Colonel Powell, who is happily elected;" he served in the Sixth Congress as a Federalist, serving from December 2, 1799, to March 3, 1801 ; declined a re-election; died at Bedford, Pennsyl vania, August 6, 1810. Powell, Paulus, was born in Virginia; resided at Amherst Court House ; was elected a representa tive from Virginia in the Thirty-first Congress as a Democrat, receiving 3,136 votes against 3,029 votes for Goggin, Whig; was re-elected to the Thirty- second Congress, receiving 2,857 votes against 2,695 votes for Goggin, Whig; was re-elected to the Thirty- third Congress, receiving 4,751 votes against 3,912 votes for Mosely, Whig ; was re-elected to the Thirty- fourth Congress, receiving 3,934 votes against 3,096 votes for Ligon, American; was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving no opposition, serv ing from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1859; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Thirty- sixth Congress, receiving 3,453 votes against 5,003 votes for Leake, Independent Democrat. Powers, Gershom, resided at Auburn; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-first Congress as a Jackson Democrat, serv ing from December 7, 1829, to March 3, 1831. Powers, Llewellyn, was born at Pittsfield, Maine, in 1838 ; was educated at Colby University, and at the law department of Albany University; was admitted to the bar in 1861, and commenced practice at Houlton; was prosecuting or county attorney 1864-1871 ; was collector of customs for the district of Aroostook 1868-1872; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1874-1876; and was elected a representative from Maine in the Forty- fifth Congress as a Republican, receiving 12,880 votes against 10,069 votes for John P. Donworth, Demo crat, and 968 votes for Lyndon Oak, Moral Reformer, serving from October 15, 1877. Poydras, Julian, was born in Louisiana; was the founder and benefactor of the Female Orphan Asylum at New Orleans; was elected a delegate from Orleans Territory in the Eleventh Congress, serving from May 31, 1809, to March 3, 1811; died June 25, 1824, at Point Coupee, Louisiana. Pratt, Daniel D., was born at Palermo, Maine, October 20, 1813; was taken to the State of New York by his parents when a lad; entered Hamilton College, and graduated in 1831; removed to Indiana in 1832; taught school; went to Indianapolis in 1834; wrote in the office of the secretary of state, and studied law in the mean time ; settled at Logans- port in 1836, and commenced practice; was a mem ber of the legislature of Indiana in 1851 and 1853; was elected a representative to the Forty-first Con gress in 1868 by a majority of 2,287, and, before taking his seat, was elected United-States senator from Indiana as a Republican (to succeed Thomas A. Hendricks, Democrat), serving from March 4, 1869, to March 3, 1875; was appointed by President Grant commissioner of internal revenue, serving from May 15, 1875, to August 1, 1876; he died at Logansport, Indiana, very suddenly, of heart-disease, June 17, 1877. Pratt, Henry O., was born at Foxcroft, Maine, February 11, 1838; was educated at Foxcroft Acad emy in that State; studied law, and graduated at the law department of Harvard University; removed to Iowa in 1862 ; served as a private in the army to suppress the Rebellion; commenced the practice of law at Charles City in 1864; was elected to the Iowa House of Representatives in 1869, and re- elected in 1871; and was elected a representative from Iowa in the Forty-third Congress as a Repub lican, receiving 15,615 votes against 4,574 votes for A. Y. Lnsch, Liberal Republican; was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Congress, receiving 10,725 votes against 6,689 votes for Bowman, anti-Monopolist, serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1877; was ordained as a minister in the Methodist-Episco pal Church. Pratt, James T., was born at Middletown, Con necticut, in 1805; devoted himself to agricultural pursuits on a farm at Sandy Hill ; was elected a rep resentative from Connecticut in the Thirty-third Con gress as a Democrat, serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Thirty-fourth Congress, receiving 7,852 votes against 8,519 votes for Clark, Know- Nothing. Pratt, Thomas G., was born at Washington, District of Columbia, in 1805; received an academ ical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Upper Marlborough ; was a member of the State House of Representatives for several years, and a State senator for six years ; was governor of Maryland 1844-1847; was elected a United-States senator from Maryland (in place of Reverdy Johnson, resigned), serving from January 14, 1850, to March 3, 1857; was a delegate to the National Democratic Convention at Chicago in 1864; died at Baltimore, Maryland, after a severe illness and much suffering, from a disease of the heart, November 9, 1869. Pratt, Zadock, was born at Stephentown, New York, October 30, 1790; received a public-school education ; engaged in tanning leather in the Cats- kill Mountains, where he established a town called Plattsville; was a member of the State Senate in 1830; was a presidential elector on the Van Buren ticket in 1836; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Demo crat, serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1839; was again elected to the Twenty-eighth Con gress, receiving 6,967 votes against 5,772 votes for Palen, Whig, and 29 votes for Bishop, Abolitionist, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1845; was a presidential elector on the Pierce ticket in 1852; was a delegate to the National Democratic Convention at Baltimore in 1852 ; was the president of several societies and associations; died at Bergen, New Jersey, April 6, 1871. Prentiss, John H., was born at Woices^er, Massachusetts, April 17, 1784; learned the art of printing; removed to Cooperstown, New York, and published "The Freeman s Journal" there 1808- 1849 ; was elected a representative from New York STATISTICAL SKETCHES. in the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, and was re-elected to the Twenty-sixth Congress, receiving 4,724 votes against 4,216 votes for William H. Averill, Whig, serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1841 ; died at Cooperstown, New York, June 26, 1864. Prentiss, Samuel, was born at Stonington. Con necticut, March 31, 1782; removed with his father to Worcester, Massachusetts, and subsequently to North- field, where he commenced the study of law; com pleted his legal studies at Brattleborough, Vermont, with John W^ Black ; was admitted to the bar in 1802, and commenced practice at Montpelier in 1803 ; was a member of the State House of Representatives ; de clined the office of associate justice of the Supreme Court, and in 1850 permitted himself to be elected chief justice of that court; was elected a United- States senator from Vermont as a Whig, serving from December 5, 1831, to April 11, 1842^, when he resigned; was appointed in 1842 judge of the United- States District Court in Vermont, which office he held until his death at Montpelier, Vermont, Janu ary 15, 1857. Prentiss, Sergeant Smith, was born at Port land, Maine, September 30, 1808; received a classical education, graduating at Bowdoin College in 1826; studied law at Gorham; removed to Mississippi as a tutor in the family of Mrs. Shields, near Natchez; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Vicksburg: was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1835; was elected a representative from Mississippi in the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Whig, receiving 7,161 votes, but the election was set aside by the House, and at the second election he received 12,249 votes, defeating his Democratic op ponent, serving from May 30, 1838, to March 3, 1839 ; resumed practice; removed in 1845 to Louisiana, where he sustained a brilliant reputation as a lawyer and an orator; died at Longwood, near Natchez, Mississippi, July 1, 1850. Preston, Francis (father of William Campbell Preston), was born in Virginia in 1770; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Third Congress ; was re-elected to the Fourth Congress, serving from December 2, 1793, to March 3, 1797; died May 26, 1835. Preston, Jacob A., was born in Maryland; resided at Perrymansville; was elected a representa tive from Maryland in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Whig, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1845. Preston, W^illiam, was born near Louisville, Kentucky, October 16, 1816; received a classical education, graduating at St. Joseph s College, Ken tucky; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Louisville; served in the Mexican war as lieutenant-colonel of Kentucky vol unteers; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention ; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1850-1851 ; was a presidential elector on the Scott ticket in 1852 ; was elected a representa tive from Kentucky in the Thirty-second Congress (in place of Humphrey Marshall, resigned) as a Whig; was re-elected to the Thirty-third Congress, receiving 6,609 votes against 4,847 votes for S. S. English, Democrat, serving from December 6, 1852, to March 3. 1855 ; was appointed by President Bu chanan minister to Spain, serving from December 15, 1858, to May 24, 1861; returning home, he en tered the Confederate army as brigadier-general April 18, 1S62 ; was promoted to the rank of major- general January 1, 1865, and assigned to the command of the division of Major-General Pplignac after his return to France ; was transferred in October, 1863, to the command of a division in Longstreet s corps, Army of the Tennessee, composed of the brigades of Grade, Twiggs, and Kelly; was a member of the State House" of Representatives in 1868. Preston, William Ballard, was born in Mont gomery County, Virginia; was elected a representa tive from Virginia in the Thirtieth Congress as a Whig, receiving 3,671 votes against 3,443 votes- for Chapman, Democrat, serving from December 6, 1847, to March 3, 1849; was appointed by President Tay lor secretary of the navy, serving from March 8, 1849, to July 22, 1850; was a delegate from Virginia to the Provisional Confederate Congress which assembled at Richmond in July, 1861 ; was a senator from Vir ginia in the First Confederate Congress February 22, 1862, until his death at his residence at Blackburg, Virginia, November 14, 1862. Preston, William Campbell (son of Francis Preston), was bom at Philadelphia (while his father was there as a representative from Virginia) Decem ber 27, 1794; received a classical education, gradu ating at the College of South Carolina in 1812; studied law under William Wirt at Richmond; travelled at home and abroad ; was admitted to the bar in 1820, and in 1822 commenced practice at Co lumbia, South Carolina ; was a member of the State legislature, and a trustee of the College of South Car olina; was elected a United-States senator from South Carolina as a Calhoun Nullifier, serving from December 2, 1833, until December, 1842, when he resigned, and resumed practice ; was president of the College of South Carolina 1846-1851, and again a trustee 1851-1857; and died at Columbia, South Carolina, May 22, 1860. He published a "Eulogy on Hugh S. Legare," with several orations and ad dresses on literary and historical subjects. Price, Hiram, was born in Washington County, Pennsylvania, January 10, 1814; received a business education; is president of the State Bank of Iowa; was paymaster-general of Iowa in 1861 ; was a repre sentative from Iowa in the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Republican, receiving 12,433 votes against 8,930 votes for Thayer, Democrat ; was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiving 16,571 votes against 8,822 votes for George II. Parker, Democrat; was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress as a Republican, receiving 16,275 votes against 9,220 votes for Cook, Democrat, serving from December 7, 1863, to March 3, 1869; was again elected to the Forty-fifth Con gress, receiving 16,439 votes against 14,683 votes for J. II. Murphy, Democrat, serving from October 16, 1877. Price, Rodman M., was born in Sussex County, New Jersey, November 5, 1816 ; received a classical education, which was completed at Prince ton College, but illness prevented his graduation; studied law, and was admitted to the bar; was ap pointed purser in the navy in 1840, and was stationed at San Francisco when gold was discovered in Cali fornia ; was navy agent at San Francisco in 1848, and exercised judicial functions under the American flag; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Thirty-second Congress as a Democrat, receiv ing 8,286 votes against 8,149 votes for Ryerson, Whig, serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1853; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Thirty-third Congress, receiving 7,469 votes against 7,636 votes for Pennington, Whig ; was gov ernor of New Jersey 1854-1857 ; was a delegate to the Peace Congress at Washington in 1801. Price, Samuel, was born in Fauquier County, Virginia ; received a public-school education ; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Lew- isburg ; was clerk of the County Court of Nicholas County in 1831, and State s attorney of that county in 1833; was a delegate to the legislature from Nicholas and Fayette Counties 1834-1836 ; was Com monwealth s attorney for Braxton County from 1836 to 1850; was a delegate to the legislature from Greenbrier County from 1847 to 1852, except for one year; was a delegate to the Constitutional Conven tion of 1850-1851 and of 1861 ; was elected lieuten ant-governor of Virginia in 1863, and continued until the close of the war ; was a delegate to the Constitutional Convention of West Virginia in 1872, and president thereof; was elected circuit-judge in 584 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. 1865, but not commissioned by the governor, as he could not take the test-oath; was appointed to the United-States Senate (to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Allen Taylor Caperton) as a Democrat, serving from December 4, 1876, to January 31, 1877. Price, Sterling, was born in Prince Edward County, Virginia, in September, 18G9; received an academical education; removed to Missouri, and settled at Keytesville ; was a prominent Freemason ; was elected a representative from Missouri in the Twenty-ninth Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 1, 1845, to August 12, 184(5, when he re signed to take command of a regiment of volunteer cavalry for the Mexican war; distinguished himself, and was made brigadier-general ; was governor of Missouri 1853-1857 ; took part in the organization of Kansas; was elected State bank commissioner; or- fanized in 1861 an armed force, called the Missouri tate Guard, which he commanded; was received into the Confederate forces, March 6, 1862, as major- general commanding the Missouri State Guard ; commanded the Confederate Military District of Arkansas, and afterwards the Confederate Army of the West; was placed in 1864 in command of a division composed of the brigades of Drayton, Churchill, Tappan, and Parsons ; distinguished him self in several engagements ; went to Mexico at the close of the war, and organized a bureau of immigra tion, but returned to Missouri ; and died at St. Louis September 29, 1867. Price, Thomas L., resided at Lexington; was elected a representative from Missouri in the Thirty- seventh Congress (in place of John W. Reid, ex pelled) as a Democrat, serving from January 21, 1862, to March 3, 1863; was defeated as the Dem ocratic candidate for the Thirty-eighth Congress, receiving 4,333 votes against 4,930 votes for McClurg, Emancipationist; was a delegate to the National Democratic Convention at Chicago in 1864; died at Lexington, Missouri, July 15, 1870. Price, William P., was born January 29, 1835; was placed at the printer s trade when ten years of age, and became master of the art ; entered Furman University at Greenville, South Carolina, in 1854, but left, without graduating, to take editorial charge of a newspaper ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar in 1856 at Charleston ; practised law at Greenville, South Carolina; was a member of the legislature of South Carolina in 1864, 1865, and 1866; returned to Georgia in 1866; was a member of the legislature of Georgia in 1868 ; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Forty-first Congress as a Democrat, receiving 10,333 votes against 3,il3 votes for Wimpey, Republican, and 1,298 votes for Findlay, Independent Republican ; and was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress as a Democrat, receiving 10,338 votes against 3,911 votes for Wimpey, Republican, and 825 votes for Boyd, Independent Democrat, serving from February 24, 1871, to March 3, 1873. Pridmore, A. L., was born in Scott County, Virginia, June 27, 1837 ; was brought up on a farm ; by his own exertions, alternately teaching and going to school, he attained a fair English education ; in August, 1861, he raised a company of volunteer in fantry, and served as its captain until June, 1862, when he was promoted major of the Twenty-first Battalion of Virginia Infantry; was again promoted in December, 1862, lieutenant-colonel of infantry, and in October, 1863, colonel of cavalry, and com manded the Sixty-four-th Virginia Cavalry until the close of the war; was elected a member of the Vir ginia House of Delegates in March, 1865, but the close of the war prevented him from taking his seat ; commenced the study of law in 1865; was admitted to the bar, and has since practised at Jonesville ; was a member of the Virginia State Senate 1871-1875; and was elected a representative from Virginia in the Forty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 15,127 votes against 4,791 votes for George T. Egbert, Re publican, sen ing from October 15, 1877. Prince, Charles H., was born at Buckfield, Ox ford County, Maine, May 9, 1837; was reared on his father s farm, attending the public school in the winters ; engaged in mercantile pursuits ; entered the Union army as captain ; was cashier of the Freed- man s Branch Bank at Augusta, Georgia; was State superintendent of freedmeu s schools; was a dele gate to the State Constitutional Convention; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Fortieth Congress as a Republican, serving from July 25, 1868, to March 3, 1869. Prince, Oliver H., was born in Virginia; re ceived an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bai, and commenced practice at Ma- con, Georgia; was elected a United-States senator from Georgia (in place of Thomas W. Cobb, resigned), serving from December 1, 1828, to March 3, 1829; was lost at sea in the steamer "Home" October 9, 1837. He published a "Digest of the Laws of Georgia." Prince, W^illiam, was elected a representative from Indiana in the Eighteenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1823, to 1824, when he died at Princeton, Indiana. Prindle, Elizur H., was born at Newton, Con necticut, May 6, 1829; received an academic educa tion ; studied law, and practised ; was district-attor ney of Chenango County, New York, in 1860, 1861, and 1802 ; was a member of the State Assembly of New York in 1863 ; was a member of the State Con stitutional Convention in 1867-1868; and was elected a representative from New York in the Forty-second Congress as a Republican, receiving 16,752 votes against 14,389 votes for J. Juliand, Democrat, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1873. Pringle, Benjamin, was born at Richfield. New York, November 9, 1807; received an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised for several years, but relinquished the profession on being made president of the Bank of Genesee at Batavia; was judge of the Genesee-coun- ty courts for one year ; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-third Congress as a Whig, receiving 9,386 votes against 8,903 votes for Sherman, Whig; and was re-elected to the Thirty- fourth Congress, receiving 9,510 votes against 2,483 votes for Betden,Democrat, and3,829votes forLaning, Democrat, serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1857 ; was a member of the State House of Repre sentatives in 1863 ; was appointed by President Lin coln a judge of the Court of Arbitration at Cape Town under the treaty with Great Britain. Profit, George H., resided at Petersburg, In diana; was elected a representative from Indiana in the Twenty-sixth Congress as a Whig, receiving 6,009 votes against 5,170 votes for Robert Dale Owen, Democrat; and was re-elected to the T\venty-seventh Congress, serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1843; transferred his political allegiance to Presi dent Tyler; was appointed by President Tyler minis ter to Brazil June 7, 1843, and returned August 10, 1844, the Senate not having confirmed his appoint ment; died at Louisville, Kentucky, September 5, 1847. Prosser, "William F., was born at Williams- port, Pennsylvania, March 16, 1834; received a com mon-school education ; studied law, but never prac tised ; went across the plains to California in 1854 ; engaged in mining and trading ; served as lieutenant in the volunteer Indian service in 1858 and 1859 on the northern coast of that State ; was the first candi date of the Republican party for any office in Trinity County, California, where he was nominated for the legislature in 1860, and, in a county strongly Demo cratic, came within 200 votes of an election; Avhen the war of the Rebellion broke out, in 1861, he re turned from California, and enlisted as a private in the "Anderson troop;" served through the war in the Army of the Cumberland; participated in almost all of its battles; was captured, paroled, and ex changed in 1862; served as quartermaster of the STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 585 Fifteenth Pennsylvania Cavalry until that regiment left Louisville for Nashville in December, 1862, when he was placed in command of one of its com panies, and in that capacity took part in the battle of Stone Eiver; shortly after was transferred to the Second Tennessee Cavalry, of which he was adjutant during its organization ; was commissioned major in March, 1863, lieutenant-colonel in March, 1864, and colonel in June, 1865 ; in the latter part of 1864 com manded a brigade of cavalry then serving in the dis trict of North Alabama ; at the close of the war he purchased the farm near Nashville, which he culti vates, and where he resides ; in 1 867 he was elected to the lower House of the legislature by the Republican party of Davidson County ; was elected speaker pro tempore in February, 1869, pending the investigation of certain charges against the speaker of the House of Representatives; in December, 1867, he was elect ed one of the directors of the Tennessee and Pacific Railroad Company; in March, 1868, he was appointed one of the directors on the part of the State for the Edgefield and Kentucky Railroad ; and was elected a representative from Tennessee in the Forty-first Con gress as a Republican, receiving a vote of 5,804, which was largely reduced by the intimidation and violence made use of by the rebel element of the district, against 2,655 votes for Motley, Democrat, 1,817 votes for Mercer, Independent Republican, and 80 votes for Garrett, serving from March 4, 1869, to March 3, 1871 ; was defeated as the Republican can didate for the Forty-second Congress, receiving 5,428 votes against 7,991 votes for Edward I. Gollady, Dem ocrat, and 3,525 votes for Bailie Peyton, Independent Democratic Conservative. Pruyn, John V. L., was born at Albany, New York, in 1811; was educated at the Albany Acad emy ; received a degree at Rutgers College ; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1832, and commenced practice at Albany; was appointed master in chan cery by Governor Marcy; was appointed a regent of the State University in 1844, and in 1862 became chancellor of the university, and president of the board of regents (a position which he held to the time of his death) ; was a member of the State Senate in 1861 ; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-eighth Congress (to fill the vacancy occasioned by the resignation of Erastus Corning) as a Democrat, serving from December 7, 1863, to March 3, 1865; was again elected to the Fortieth Congress, receiving 15,920 votes against 14,972 votes for J. H. Ramsey, Republican, serving from March 4, 1867, to March 3, 1869; died at Clifton Springs, New York, November 21, 1877. Pry or, Roger A., was born in Dinwiddie Coun ty, Virginia, July 19, 1828; received a classical edu cation, graduating at Hampden-Sidney College in 1845; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Petersburg, but abandoned it on account of ill health; commenced writing for the press; was on the editorial staff of " The Washington Union" in 1852, and of "The Richmond Enquirer" in 1855; was appointed by President Pierce in 1855 special commissioner to Greece; established "The South" in 1857, and, after it had failed, was on the staff of "The Washington States;" was elected a representative from Virginia in the Thirty-sixth Congress (in place of William O. Goode, deceased), serving from December 7, 1859, to March 3, 1861; served in the Rebellion as brigadier-general from April 16, 1862, until July 19, 1862, when he resigned; was a representative from Virginia in the Confeder ate House of Representatives ; was captured by the Union troops in November, 1864, and imprisoned in Fort Lafayette, but soon afterwards released ; he has subsequently practised law in New- York City. Pugh, George Ellis, was born at Cincinnati, Ohio, November 28, 1822; received a classical educa tion, graduating at Miami University in 1840; stud ied law ; was admitted to the bar in 1843, and com menced practice at Cincinnati, Ohio ; served in the Mexican war as captain of the Fourth Ohio Volun teers and as aide-de-camp to General Lane ; returning to Cincinnati in 1848, he became the partner of George H. Pendleton; was a member of the State legislature in 1848 and 1849; was city solicitor in 1850 ; was State attorney-general in 1851 ; was elected a United-States senator from Ohio as a Democrat, serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1861; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for lieu tenant-governor in 1863; was nominated at the head of the Democratic electoral ticket of Ohio in 1864, but declined to serve; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiving 7,464 votes against 9,893 votes for Benjamin Eggles- ton, Unionist; was a delegate to the State Constitu tional Convention, but withdrew from its delibera tions, and afterwards devoted himself entirely to his profession; died at Cincinnati of an attack of gout July 19, 1870. Pugh, J. Howard, was born in Chester County, Pennsylvania, June 23, 1827; received an academic education; studied medicine, and graduated at the University of Pennsylvania in 1852 ; commenced the practice of medicine in Burlington in 1854, where he has since resided ; is president of the Mechanics Na tional Bank of Burlington, to which position he was elected in 1869; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Forty-fifth Congress as a Repub lican, receiving 16,015 votes against 15,485 votes for Hezekiah B. Smith, Democrat, serving from October 15, 1877. Pugh, James L., was born in Burke County, Georgia, in 1820; received an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and com menced practice in Alabama; was elected a repre sentative from Alabama in the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Democrat, receiving no opposition, serving from December 5, 1859, to January 21, 1861, when he re tired from the House, his State having seceded from the Union; was a member from Alabama of the House of Representatives in the First and Second Confederate Congresses, serving from February 22, 1862, to the surrender in 1864. Pugh, John, was born at Hilltown, Pennsyl vania; was elected a representative from Pennsyl vania in the Ninth Congress ; was re-elected to the Tenth Congress, serving from December 2, 1805, to March 3, 1809. Purdy, Smith M., was born in Chenango County, New York ; resided at Norwich ; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty- eighth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 8,560 votes against 7,597 votes for Hunt, Whig, and 175 votes for Avery, Abolitionist, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1845. Purman, William J., was born in Centre County, Pennsylvania, April 11, 1840; received a liberal education, and studied law at Lock Haven, Pennsylvania ; entered the Union army as a private, and served on special duty at the War Department until transferred to Florida in 1865; was elected a member of the Constitutional Convention in 1868; was elected to the State Senate in 1868 ; was secre tary of state in 1868; was judge of Jackson County Court in 1868-1869 ; was re-elected to the State Sen ate in 1869 for a term of four years ; was chairman of the Florida and Alabama Annexation Commission in 1869-1870; was assessor of United-States internal revenue for the district of Florida in 1870-1872 ; was chairman of the Republican State Executive Com mittee in 1871-1872; was elected a representative from Florida in the Forty-third Congress as a Re publican, receiving 17,537 votes against 15,811 votes for C. W. Jones, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Congress as a Republican, receiving 9,710 votes against 8,618 votes for John A. Hender son, Democrat; was defeated as the Republican candidate for the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 12,623 votes against 13,163 votes for Robert H. M. Davidson, Conservative Democrat. 586 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Purviance, Samuel A., was born at Butler, Pennsylvania, November 8, 1809; was a student at Washington College, but did not graduate; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and practised at But ler; was a delegate to the Constitutional Convention in 1836; was a member of the State House of Rep resentatives in 1838 and 1839; was a presidential elector on the Taylor and Fillmore ticket in 1848; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-fourth Congress as a Whig, receiving 5,926 votes against 3,832 votes for Palmer, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving 6,840 votes against 4,854 votes for Gibson, Democrat, serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1859. Purviance, Samuel D., was born in North Carolina; was elected a representative from North Carolina in the Eighth Congress, serving from Octo ber 17, 1803, to March 3, 1805. Puryear, Richard C., was born at Mecklen burg, Virginia, February 9, 1801; received a good English education; engaged in farming and mer chandising; removed to Huntsville, North Carolina; was elected in 1838 to the State House of Represen tatives, in 1840 to the State Senate, and again in 1844, 1846, and 1852, to the House; was elected a representative from North Carolina in the Thirty- third Congress as a Whig, receiving 6,173 votes against 5,788 votes for Boyd, Democrat; was re-elect ed to the Thirty-fourth Congress as an American, re ceiving 6,516 votes against 6,150 votes for Scales, Democrat, serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1857 ; was defeated as the American candidate for the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving 6,950 votes against 7,679 votes for Scales, Democrat; was a dele gate from North Carolina to the Confederate Pro visional Congress which assembled at Richmond in July, 1861. Putnam, Harvey, was bom in Genesee Coun ty, New York, in 1793 ; received a public-school edu cation; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Attica; was elected a repre sentative from New York in the Twenty-fifth Con- fress (in place of William Patterson, deceased) as a VTiig, serving from December 3, 1838, to March 3, 1839; was a member of the State Senate 1843-1846; was again elected to the Thirtieth Congress; was re-elected to the Thirty-first Congress, receiving 5,489 votes against 2,730 votes for Smith, Van Buren Democrat, and 2,575 votes for Willett, Cass Demo crat, serving from December 6, 1847, to March 3, 1851; died at Attica, New York, September 21, 1855. Quarles, James M., was born in Louisa Coun ty, Virginia, February 8, 1823; removed with his father to Kentucky in 1833 ; received an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice; removed to Clarksville, Tennessee; was State attorney for the Tenth Ju dicial District; was elected a representative from Tennessee in the Thirty-sixth Congress as a National American, receiving 6,994 votes against 6,236 votes for Menees, Democrat, serving from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 1861. Quarles, Tunstall, was born in Virginia; re moved to Kentucky; was county-judge; was elected a representative from Kentxicky in the Fifteenth Congress; was re-elected to the Sixteenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1817, to 1820, when he re signed; removed to Cape Girardeau, Missouri, where he was receiver of public moneys in the United- States_ land-office. Quincy, Josiah, was born at Boston, Massachu setts, February 4, 1772; received a classical educa tion, graduating at Harvard College in 1790; studied law with William Tudor; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Boston; was successively defeated as the Federal candidate for the Seventh and Eighth Congresses, the successful candidate for the Seventh and Eighth Congresses being William Eustis, Democrat; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Ninth Congress as a Federalist ; was re-elected to the Tenth Congress ; was re-elected to the Eleventh Congress, receiving 2,904 votes against 1,805 votes for Jarvis, Democrat; was re- elected to the Twelfth Congress, serving from De cember 2, 1805, to March 3, 1813; declined a re-elec tion; was elected a member of the State Senate 1813-1820, and, in 1821 and 1822, of the State House of Representatives, serving the last year as speaker; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention of 1820; was judge of the Municipal Court of Boston in 1822 ; was mayor of Boston 1823-1829, when he failed to obtain a re-election ; was president of Har vard College 1829-1845 ; died at his country-house at Quincy July 1, 1864. He published a Memoir of Josiah Quincy, Jun.," "History of Harvard Uni versity" (two volumes), " Speeches in Congress, and Orations," "Life of J. Q. Adams," "History of the Boston Athenaeum," "Essays on the Soiling of Cattle," " Memoir of James Grahame," " Journals and Memoir of Major Samuel Shaw," "Municipal History of Boston," and Centennial Address on the two hundreth anniversary of Boston. Quinn, Terence J., was born at Albany, New York, October 16, 1836; was educated at public schools and at the Albany Academy; was by pro fession a brewer; was an alderman 1860-1863 and 1869-1871 ; volunteered with the Twenty-fifth Regi ment New- York State Militia as second lieutenant for the defence of Washington in April, 1861, and again in 1862, when the regiment was sent to Suffolk, Virginia; was a member of the State legislature for the session of 1874; and was elected a representative from New York in the Forty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 17,497 votes against 16,597 votes for Hamilton Harris, Republican, serving from Octo ber 15, 1877, until he died at Albany, June 18, 1878, from a cold contracted at Washington. Quitman, John Anthony, was born at Rhine- beck, New York, September 1, 1799; received a clas sical education; studied theology with his father, Rev. Dr. Quitman; studied law at Philadelphia; was professor of law in Mount-Airy College, Pennsyl vania, in 1818; removed to Ohio in 1820, locating at Chillicothe, and afterwards at Delaware, where he practised law, and was initiated in Freemasonry; re moved in 1821 to Natchez, Mississippi, where he married, and soon became distinguished in his pro fession; was grand master of Masons of Mississippi 1826-1838, 1845-1846; was a member of the House of Representatives in the State legislature in 1827 ; was appointed chancellor of the State in 1830, and, when a change in the constitution rendered that office elective in 1832, was elected for six years ; resigned in 1835 on being elected to the State Senate, which chose him president, and thus made him ex officio governor for a time; visited England in 1839 in behalf of the Mississippi Railroad, of which he was the president; was appointed judge of the High Court of Appeals in 1840; served in the Mexican war as brigadier and as major general, especially distinguishing himself at Monterey and Chapultepec ; was chosen presidential elector on the Cass and Butler ticket in 1848; received the thirty-third de gree of Masonry at Charleston, South Carolina, in 1848; was governor of Mississippi in 1850-1851; was elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 6,558 votes against 4,499 votes for Ilillyer, Know-Nothing ; and was re-elected to the Thirty- fifth Congress as a Democrat without opposition, serving from December 1, 1855, until his death at " Monmouth," his plantation in Mississippi, July 17, 1858. His "Life and Correspondence" was pub lished by J. F. H. Clairborne in two volumes. Radf ord, William, was born at Poughkeepsie, New York, June 24, 1814; received a public-school education ; removed to New York in 1829, and en gaged in mercantile pursuits ; Avas elected a represen tative from New York in the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 8,878 votes against 7,921 STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 587 votes for Haight, Republican, and 2,576 for Sufforin, Independent; was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiving 13,033 votes against 10,213 votes for Larkin, Republican, sen-ing from December 7, 1863, to March 3, 1807; was defeated as the Demo cratic candidate for the Fortieth Congress, receiving 9,957 votes against 12,012 votes for William H. Rob ertson, Republican; died at Yonkers, New York, January 18, 1870. Rainey, Joseph H., was born at Georgetown, South Carolina (where both of his parents were slaves, but, by their industry, obtained their freedom), June 21, 1832; although debarred by law from at tending school, he acquired a good education, and further improved his mind by observation and travel; his father was a barber, and he followed that occu pation at Charleston till 1862, when, having been forced to work on the fortifications of the Confed erates, he escaped to the West Indies, where he re mained until the close of the war, when he returned to his native town ; he was elected a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention of 1868, arid was a member of the State Senate of South Carolina in 1370, resigning when elected a representative from South Carolina in the Forty-first Congress as a Re publican (to fill the vacancy caused by the non-recep tion of B. F. Whittemore) by a majority of 17,193 votes over Dudley, Conservative; was re-elected to the Forty- second Congress, receiving 20,221 votes against 11,628 votes for C. W. Dudley, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress, receiving 19,7C5 votes, being all that were cast ; was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Congress, receiving 14,370 votes against 13,563 votes for Samuel Lee, Republican; was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 18,180 votes against 16,661 votes for J. S. Richard son, Democrat, serving from March 4, 1869. Ramsay, David (brother of Nathaniel Ramsay), was born in Pennsylvania April 2, 1749; received a classical education, graduating at Princeton College in 1765; was for two years tutor in a Maryland fam ily; studied medicine; was admitted to practice, and located at Charleston, South Carolina, in 1773; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1776-1783; served in the Revolutionary army as a surgeon, and was at the siege of Savannah ; was cap tured at the fall of Charleston in May, 1780, and im prisoned for eleven months at St. Augustine, Florida; was a delegate from South Carolina to the Continen tal Congress 1782-1786; was for several years a mem ber of the State Senate, and its president; he was mortally wounded by a maniac, and died two days afterward, at Charleston, South Carolina, May 8, 1815. He published " History of the Revolution in South Carolina " (two volumes), " History of the American Revolution" (two volumes), " Life of Washington," " History of South Carolina," " Memoirs of Martha L. Ramsay," "Means of Preserving Health in Charleston," " History of the Independent Church in Charleston, South Carolina, from its Origin to 1814," "Universal History Americanized" (eight volumes), an " Oration on the Acquisition of Louisi ana," and " Eulogium on Dr. Rush." Ramsay, Nathaniel (brother of David Ram say), was born in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania; received a classical education, graduating at New- Jersey College in 1767; entered the Revolutionary army, and commanded a Maryland regiment, at the head of which he distinguished himself in the battle of Monmouth; was made prisoner at Charleston, South Carolina, and confined at St. Augustine ; was a delegate from Maryland to the Continental Congress 1785-1787; died October 25, 1817. Ramsay, Robert, was born in Pennsylvania; received a public-school education; resided at Harts- ville; was elected a representative from Pennsyl vania in the Twenty-third Congress as a Whig, serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1835; was again elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress, receiving 4,047 votes against 4,038 votes for Davis, Democrat, sen-ing from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1843. Ramsey, Alexander, was born near Harris- burg, Pennsylvania, September 8, 1815; studied at Lafayette College, Eastou, Pennsylvania; was secre tary of the Electoral College of Pennsylvania in 1840; was clerk of the State House of Representatives in 1841 ; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Whig, receiving 591 majority over David Umberger, Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty-ninth Congress, receiving 7,915 votes against 7,401 votes for A. Holmes, serv ing from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1847; was appointed Territorial governor of Minnesota in 1849, holding office until 1853; was mayor of St. Paul, Minnesota, in 1855 ; was governor of Minnesota 1859- 1803; was elected a United-States senator from Min nesota as a Republican (to succeed Henry M. Rice, Democrat) ; and was re-elected, serving from Decem ber 7, 18(53, to March 3, 1875. Ramsey, William, was born at Sterrett s Gap, Pennsylvania, September 7, 1779; received a public- school education; held the office of county-clerk; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and com menced practice at Carlisle; was elected a represen tative from Pennsylvania in the Twentieth Congress as a Jackson Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty-first Congress, serving from December 3, 1827, to March 3, 1831 ; died at Carlisle, Pennsyl vania, September 5, 1831. Ramsey, William S., was born at Carlisle, Pennsylvania, June 12, 1810; received a classical education, which was completed at Dickinson Col lege, but, his health failing, he did not graduate ; went abroad, and was an attache to the American legation at London, Mr. Stevenson being the minister; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-sixth Congress as a Van Buren Democrat, receiving 5,572 votes against 4,144 votes for Frederick Watts, Whig, serving from December 2, 1839, to October 17, i.840 ; he was re-elected to the Twenty- seventh Congress, and a few weeks afterwards com mitted suicide at Barnum s Hotel, Baltimore, by shooting himself in the right eye, October 17, 1840. Randall, Alexander, was born in Maryland ; resided at Annapolis; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Twenty-seventh Congress as a Whig, receiving 7,783 votes against 7,657 votes for Murray, Opposition, serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1843. Randall, Benjamin, was born in Massachu setts in 1789; received a classical education, gradu ating at Bowdoin College in 1809; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1814, and commenced practice at Bath, Maine (then Massachusetts); was a member of the State Senate in 1833 ; was elected a representa tive from Maine in the Twenty-sixth Congress as a Whig, defeating John D. McCrate, Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress, receiving 1,200 majority over Joseph Sewall, Van Buren Dem ocrat, serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1843 ; was appointed by President Taylor collector of customs for the port of Bath, and held the office at the time of his death, October 14, 1857. Randall, Samuel J., was born at Philadelphia October 10, 1828; received an academic education; engaged in mercantile pursuits; was a member of the city councils of Philadelphia four years ; was a member of the State Senate of Pennsylvania in 1858 and 1859 ; was elected a representative from Pennsyl vania in the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 7,720 votes against 6,273 votes for Webb, Republican ; was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Con gress, receiving 9,764 votes against 7,742 votes for Butler, Republican; was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, receiving 12, 192 votes against 7,728 votes for Gibbons, Republican ; was re-elected to the Forty- first Congress, receiving 14,745 votes against 8,408 votes for Berry, Republican; was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress, receiving 10,853 votes against 588 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. 6, 705 votes f or B. Huckell, Republican; was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress, receiving 10,133 votes against 8,845 votes for D. F. Houston, Republican ; was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Congress, receiv ing 9,703 votes against 7,060 votes for David F. Houston, Republican, and was chosen speaker at the last session; and was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 11,751 votes against 8,989 votes for Benjamin L. Barry, Republican, and was chosen speaker of the House, serving from December 7, 1803. Randall, William H., was born in Kentucky; received an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1835, and commenced practice at London, Kentucky; was, by appointment, clerk of the circuit and county courts of Laurel County 1836- 1851, and one year by election after the adoption of the new constitution; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Republican, receiving 7,898 votes against 19(5 votes for Bradley, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty- ninth Congress, receiving 10,634 votes against 3,824 votes for Garrard, Democrat, serving from December 7, 1803, to March 3, 1867. Randolph, Edmund, was born in Virginia August 10, 1753 ; received an academical education ; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and com menced practice at Williamsburg; entered the Revo lutionary army as aide-de-camp to Washington in 1775; was attorney-general of Virginia July, 1776; was a delegate from Virginia to the Continental Congress 1779-1782; was governor of Virginia 1786- 1788 ; was a member of the Convention that framed the Federal Constitution; was appointed by Wash ington attorney-general of the United States Septem ber 20, 1789 ; was transferred to the State Department as secretary of state January 2, 1794; was invited to resign in August, 1795, having lost the confidence of the President in consequence of an intrigue with the administration; died in Frederick County, Virginia, September 12, 1813. He published " A Vindication " of his resignation. Randolph, James F., was born in Middlesex County, New Jersey, June 26, 1791 ; received a pub lic-school education ; learned the art of printing ; was editor of "The New-Brunswick Fredoniad " 1812- 1842 ; was a member of the State House of Represen tatives ; was clerk of the Court of Common Pleas of Middlesex County; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Twentieth Congress (in place of George Holcombe, deceased); was re-elected to the Twenty-first and Twenty-second Congresses, serving from December 1, 1828, to March 2, 1833; was presi dent of a bank at New Brunswick for ten years; died at Jersey City, New Jersey, March 19, 1871. Randolph, James H., was born in Jefferson County, Tennessee, October 19, 1825; was educated at Holston College, Newmarket, Tennessee; read law, and commenced practice in 1850; was elected to the State legislature for 1857 and 1858, and again in 1860-1861; was elected to the Senate in 1865; was elected judge of the Second Judicial Circuit of Ten nessee in 1869, and re-elected after the Constitutional Convention in 1870, which office he held until he resigned to become a candidate for the Forty-fifth Congress as a Republican, receiving 12,349 votes against 11,215 votes for William McFarland, Demo crat, serving from October 15, 1877. Randolph, John, was born in Chesterfield County, Virginia, June 2, 1773; received a classical education, and remained a short time at Princeton, Columbia, and William and Mary Colleges ; studied law with Edmund Randolph, and was admitted to the bar; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Sixth Congress as a State-rights Democrat, and served from December 2, 1799, to March 3, 1813 ; was an anti-Madison candidate for election as a rep^ resentative in the Thirteenth Congress, but was defeated by John W. Eppes, War Democrat, a son- ia-law of Thomas Jefferson ; was again elected to the Fourteenth Congress, defeating John W. Eppes by 32 majority, serving from December 4, 1815, to March 3, 1817 ; was again defeated for re-election to the Fif teenth Congress by Archibald Austin, Democrat; was again elected to the Sixteenth Congress, defeat ing Archibald Austin by 490 majority; was re-elected to the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Congresses ; was transferred in 1825 to the Senate to fill the vacancy by the appointment of James Barbour as secretary of war; was defeated as a candidate for re-election to the Senate in 1827 by John Tyler, but was returned as a representative to the Twentieth Congress, and served until March 3, 1829; was a member of the Virginia Constitutional Convention ; was appointed by President Jackson minister to Russia May 26, 1830, and served until September 19, 1830, when he returned home; he died at Philadelphia May 24, 1833. His life was written by Garland in 1850, and by Parton in 1867. Randolph, Joseph Fitz, was bom in New Jersey in 1803 ; received a public-school education ; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1825, and commenced practice at Freehold; was appointed prosecuting-attorney for Monmouth County; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Whig ; was re-elected to the Twenty-sixth and Twenty-seventh Congresses, serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1843; resided his two last terms at New Brunswick ; was a member of the State Constitutional Convention in 1844; was a judge of the State Supreme Court 1845- 1852; removed to Trenton, and practised there; re moved to Jersey City, and died there, after a long illness, March 20, 1873. Randolph, Peyton, was born near Williams- burg, Virginia, 1723; received a classical education ; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and was ap pointed king s colonial attorney in 1756; was a mem ber of the Virginia House of Burgesses for many years, and was several times elected its speaker: was a prominent Freemason ; was a member of the Vir ginia Convention of 1773, and was elected its presi dent; was appointed a delegate to the First Conti nental Congress, which met at Philadelphia Septem ber 5, 1774, and was elected its president, but was forced to resign the next month on account of ill health; was re-appointed to the Second Congress, which met at Philadelphia May 10, 1775, but was again forced to resign in a few days on account of ill health, and return to Virginia; resuming his seat in the fall, he died suddenly of an apoplectic fit October 22, 1775; his remains were brought from Philadel phia to Williamsburg by Edmund Randolph, his nephew, and deposited in the family vault in the college chapel with suitable ceremonies. Randolph, Theodore F. (son of James F. Randolph, member of Congress from 1826 to 1832), was born at New Brunswick, New Jersey, June 24, 1826; received an ordinaiy education at Rutgers Grammar School; was by occupation a merchant, iron and coal producer, and president of the Morris and Essex Railroad ; was elected to the House of As sembly of the State legislature in 1859, to the Senate of New Jersey in 1862 (short term), and re-elected in 1863 (full term); was elected governor of the State of New Jersey in 1869, serving until 1872; was a delegate to the National Democratic Conventions of 1804 and 1872, and is now the New-Jersey member of the National Democratic Committee, and chairman of the Executive Committee of that body ; was elected United-States senator from New Jersey as a Demo crat (to succeed John P. Stockton, Democrat), and took his seat March 4, 1875. His term of service will expire March 3, 1881. Randolph, Thomas Mann (son-in-law of Thomas Jefferson), was born in Virginia; received a liberal education ; was appointed by President Madi son colonel of the Twentieth Infantry, serving from March 3, 1813, to March 13, 1814; was elected a rep resentative from Virginia in the Eighth Congress as STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 589 a Democrat ; was re-elected to the Ninth Congress, serving from October 17, 1803, to March 3, 1807 ; was governor of Virginia 1819-1822; died at Monticello June 20, 1828. Rankin, Christopher, was born in Washington County, Pennsylvania; received an academical edu cation; removed to Natchez, Mississippi; held sev eral local offices; was elected a representative from Mississippi in the Sixteenth Congress, defeating Cowles Mead; was re-elected to the Seventeenth Congress, defeating George Poindexter; was re-elect ed to the Eighteenth Congress, defeating George Poindexter; was re-elected to the Nineteenth Con gress, serving from December 6, 1819, to March 14, 1820, when he died at Washington City. Ransier, Alonzo J., was born at Charleston, South Carolina, in January, 1834; was self-educated; was employed as shipping-clerk in 1850 by a leading merchant, who was tried for violation of law in "hiring a colored clerk," and fined one cent with costs ; was one of the foremost in the work of recon struction in 1805; was a member of a convention of the friends of equal rights in October, 1805, at Charleston, and was deputed to present the memorial there framed to Congress; was elected a member of the State Constitutional Convention of 1808; was elected a member of the House of Representatives in the State legislature in 1809; was chosen chairman of the State Republican Central Committee, which position he held until 1872; was elected a presi dential elector on the Grant and Colfax ticket in 1808 ; was elected lieutenant-governor of South Caro lina in 1870 by a large majority; was president of the Southern-States Convention at Columbia in 1871 ; was chosen a delegate to, and was a vice-president of, the Philadelphia Convention which nominated Grant and Wilson in 1872; and was elected a repre sentative from South Carolina in the Forty-third Con gress as a Republican, receiving 20,001 votes against 6,549 votes for W. Gurney, Independent Republican, serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1875. Ransom, Matt W., was born in Warren Coun ty, North Carolina, in 1826; received an academic education ; graduated from the University of North Carolina in 1847; studied law, and was admitted to the bar on graduating in 1847 ; is a lawyer and planter ; was elected attorney-general of North Carolina in 1852, and resigned in 1855; was a member of the legislature of North Carolina in 1858, 1859, and 1800; was a peace commissioner from the State of North Carolina to the Congress of Southern States at Mont gomery, Alabama, in 1801 ; entered the Confederate army, serving as lieutenant-colonel, colonel, briga dier-general, and major-general, and surrendered at Appomattox ; was elected United-States senator from North Carolina as a Democrat in January, 1872 ; took his seat April 24, 1872, and was re-elected in 1870; his term of service will expire in 1883. Rantoul, Robert, jun., was born at Beverly, Massachusetts, August 13, 1805 ; received a classical education, graduating at Harvard College in 1820; studied law under John Pickering and Leverett Saltonstall ; was admitted to the bar in 1827, and commenced practice at South Reading; removed to Gloucester in 1833 ; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1833-1837; was appointed a mem ber of the Massachusetts Board of 1837; removed to Boston in 1838; was appointed by President Polk collector of the port of Boston in 1843, but the ap pointment was not confirmed by the Senate; was appointed United-States district-attorney for Massa chusetts in 1845, and resigned in 1849; was elected to the United-States Senate as a Coalition Demo crat (to fill a vacancy occasioned by the resignation of Daniel Webster), serving from February 22, 1851, to March 3, 1851 ; and was elected a representative from Massachusetts to the Thirty-second Congress as a Coalition Democrat on the second ballot, serving from December 1, 1851. until he died at Washington, after a brief attack of fever, August 7, 1852. Rapier, James T., was born in Florence, Ala bama, in 1840; was educated in Canada; is a planter; was appointed a notary-public by the governor of Alabama in 1806; was a member of the first Repub lican Convention held in Alabama, and was one of the committee that framed the platform of the party; represented Lauderdale County in the Constitutional Convention held at Montgomery in 1867; was nomi nated for secretary of state in 1870, but defeated with the rest of the ticket; was appointed assessor of internal revenue for the second collection-district of Alabama in 1871 ; was appointed State commis sioner to the Vienna Exposition in 1873 by the gov ernor of Alabama ; was elected a representative from Alabama in the Forty-third Congress as a Repub lican, receiving 19,100 votes against 16,000 votes for C. W. Gates, Democrat, serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1875 ; and was defeated as the Re publican candidate for the Forty-fourth Congress, re ceiving 19,124 votes against 20,180 votes for Jere miah N. Williams, Democrat. Rariden, James, was born in Kentucky; re ceived a public-school education ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Cen- treville, Indiana; was a member of the State Senate and House of Representatives; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention ; was elected a rep resentative from Indiana in the Twenty-fifth Con gress as a Whig, defeating Jonathan McCarty; was re-elected to the Twenty-sixth Congress, serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1841 ; died at Cam bridge City, Indiana. Rathhbun, George, was born in New York ; resided at Auburn ; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Dem ocrat, receiving 7,177 votes against 6,686 votes for Morgan, Whig, and 486 votes for Cuyler, Abolition ist; was re-elected to the Twenty-ninth Congress, receiving 7,511 votes against 7,130 votes for Richard son, Whig, and 921 votes for Stayles, Abolitionist, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1847. Raum, Green B., was born at Golconda, Illi nois, December 3, 1829; received a common-school education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Harrisburg; entered the service as major, and rose to the rank of brigadier- general in the Union army during the war for the suppression of the Rebellion; was elected a represen tative from Illinois in the Fortieth Congress as a Republican, serving from March 4, 1807, to March 3, 1869 ; was defeated as the Republican candidate for the Forty-first Congress, receiving 14,261 votes against 14.704 votes for John M. Crebs, Democrat; was ap pointed by President Grant commissioner of internal revenue August 2, 1876. Ray, John, was elected a representative from Louisiana in the Thirty-ninth Congress, and pre sented his credentials December 19, 1865, but was not admitted. Ray, William H., was born in Dutchess Coun ty, New York, December 14, 1812; his parents re moved to Oneida County, New York, in 1813, and again in the fall of 1834 to Illinois ; received a com mon-school education; commenced business as a merchant in 1837, and engaged in banking 1805; was appointed by Governor Oglesby in 1869 as one of the Board of Equalizers at its first meeting; and was elected a representative from Illinois in the Forty- third Congress as a Republican, receiving 13, 188 votes against 11,669 votes for W. H. Neece, Democrat, serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1875. Raymond, Henry J., was bom at Lima, New York, January 24, 1820; was reared on a farm; at tended the public schools in the winters ; became a teacher, and fitted himself for college; graduated at the University of Vermont in 1840; removed to New- York City, where he was successively connected with " The New-Yorker," " The New-York Tribune," and "The New- York Courier and Enquirer;" was a member of the State House of Representatives in 590 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. 1850; established " The New- York Times" in 1851; was elected lieutenant-governor of New York in 1856; was a delegate to the National Republican Conven tion at Chicago in 1800; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-ninth Congress as a Republican, receiving 7,315 votes against 6.929 votes for Ward, Democrat, 1,047 votes for Norton, Demo crat, and 1,347 votes for Hawkins, Independent, serv ing from December 4, 1805, to March 3, 1807 ; was a "delegate to the National Republican Convention at Philadelphia in 1800; died of apoplexy at New- York City June 18, 1809. He published a Life of Daniel Webster," "History of the Administration of President Lincoln," and "Life, Public Services, and State Papers of Abraham Lincoln," besides many magazine articles and political essays. Rayner, Kenneth, was born in Bertie County, North Carolina, in 1808; was educated at the Tar- borough Academy; studied law, and was admitted to the bar, but never practised ; removed to Hereford County; was a member of the State House of Repre sentatives in 1835, 1836, 1838, 1839, 1840, 1848. and 1851 ; was elected a representative from North Caro lina in the Twenty-sixth Congress as a Whig, receiv ing 2,635 votes against 2,009 votes for Samuel T. Sawyer, Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty- seventh Congress; was re-elected to the Twenty- eighth Congress, receiving 3,731 votes against 2,883 votes for Moore, Democrat, serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1845 ; was a presidential elector on the Taylor and Fillmore ticket in 1849; wrote "The Life and Services of Andrew Johnson" in 1866; removed to Mississippi; was appointed by President Grant in 1874 a judge of the Court of Commissioners of Alabama Claims; was appointed by President Hayes in 1877 solicitor of the treasury. Rea, David, was born in Ripley County, Indi ana, January 19, 1831 ; received an academic educa tion; removed to Missouri in 1842; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1802, and practised at Savan nah, Missouri; was elected a representative from Missouri in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Demo crat, receiving 11,953 votes against 10,395 votes for P. A. Thompson, Republican ; was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 12,593 votes against 10,395 votes for Benjamin F. Loan, Republican, serv- ingf rom December 0, 1875. Rea, John, was born in Pennsylvania in 1755 ; served in the Revolutionary army; was several times a member of the State House of Representatives; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Eighth Congress as a Democrat ; was re-elected to the Ninth, Tenth, and Eleventh Congresses, serving from October 17, 1803, to March 3, 1811; was defeated as a candidate for the Twelfth Con gress ; was again elected to the Thirteenth Congress, serving from May 24, 1813, to March 2, 1815; died at Chamijersburg, Pennsylvania, February 0, 1829. Read, Almon EL , was born at Shelburn, Ver mont, June 12, 1790; received a classical education, graduating at Williamstown College; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Montrose, Pennsylvania; was a member of the State House of Representatives, and of the State Senate ; was State treasurer in 1840 ; was elected a representa tive from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-seventh Con gress (in place of David Dimmock, jun., deceased) as a Democrat ; was re-elected to the Twenty-eighth Congress, receiving 318 majority, serving from March 18, 1842, to June 3, 1844, when he died at Montrose, Pennsylvania. Read, George, was born in Cecil County, Mary land, in 1733; received an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1752, and commenced practice at New Castle, Delaware; was attorney-general of the three lower counties on the Delaware 1763-1774; was a delegate from Delaware to the Continental Congress 1774-1777; was a dele gate to the State Constitutional Convention of 1776, and its president; was a delegate from Delaware to the Federal Constitutional Convention; was a mem ber of the State House of Representatives in 1779 and 1780 ; was a judge of the Court of Appeals in admi ralty cases in 1782; was elected a United-States sen ator from Delaware, serving from March 4, 1789, to March 2, 1793; was chief justice of Delaware from 1793 to his death at New Castle, Delaware, Septem ber 21, 1798. Published "Arguments on the British Debts." His " Lite and Correspondence" was pub lished by William Thompson Read. Read, J., was a delegate from Pennsylvania to the Continental Congress in 1787 and 1788. Read, Jacob, was born in South Carolina in 1752; received a liberal education; studied law in England, and, on his return, practised at Charleston ; served in the Revolutionary army as colonel of South- Carolina volunteers; w r as a member of the State House of Representatives; was a delegate from South Carolina to the Continental Congress 1783- 1780 ; was elected a United-States senator from South Carolina as a Federalist, serving from December 7, 1795, to March 3, 1801; was appointed by President John Adams judge of the United-States court for the district of South Carolina, serving from 18 Jl un til his death at Charleston, South Carolina, July 17, 1816. Read, Nathan, was born in Salem, Massachu setts, in 1703; received a classical education, graduat ing at Harvard College in 1781 ; studied medicine, and for several years kept an apothecary s shop at Salem; invented several mechanical contrivances, among them the application of steam to propelling boats, before Fulton had successfully experimented ; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Sixth Congress (in place of Samuel Sewall, resigned) as a Federalist, receiving a majority of 214 votes over Jacob Crowninshield, Democrat ; was re-elected to the Seventh Congress, again defeating Jacob Crowninshield, Democrat, serving from No vember 25, 1800, to March 3, 1803; removed to the vicinity of Belfast, Maine, where he cultivated a large tract of land; was appointed a judge of the Court of Common Pleas; died near Belfast, Maine, January 21, 1849. Read, Thomas B., was born in Kentucky; re ceived a liberal education ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Lexington; removed to Mississippi, and practised at Natchez; was elected a United-States senator from Mississippi (in place of David Holmes, resigned), serving from March 11, 1820, to March 3, 1827 ; was re-elected, but died sud denly while at Lexington, Kentucky, on his way to Washington, before having taken his seat, November 20. 1829. Read, William B., was born in Ilardin County, Kentucky, December 14, 1820; was educated in Har- din County; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1849, and practised at Ilodgensville ; was appointed visitor to the Military Academy at West Point in 1850; was elected to the State Senate of Kentucky for four years in 1857, and again in 1801 ; was the Democratic candidate for lieutenant-governor in 1803 on what was known as the Wicklifi e ticket, and was defeated ; was a delegate to the National Democratic Conventions at Charleston and at Baltimore in 1800, and at Chicago in 1864; was elected to the House of Representatives of the legislature of Kentucky in 1807, and served two years; and was elected a repre sentative from Kentucky in the Forty-second Con gress as a Democrat, receiving 9,314 votes against 3,831 votes for J. M. Fidler, Republican; was re- elected to the Forty-third Congress, receiving 8,521 votes against 548 votes for Hobson, Republican, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1875. Reade, Edwin G., was born in Orange County, North Carolina, November 13, 1812; received an academical education ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar in 1830, and commenced practice at Roxbor- ough, North Carolina; was elected a representative from North Carolina in the Thirty-fourth Congress STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 591 as an American, receiving 6,752 votes against 3,447 votes for Kerr, Democrat, serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1857 ; v. as a delegate to the Recon struction Convention which met at Raleigh in 1865, and was chosen its president- Reading, John R., was born in Philadelphia County, Pennsylvania, November 1, 1826; received a liberal education ; studied medicine ; graduated from the Jefferson Medical College, and commenced prac tice ; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Forty-first Congress as a Democrat, receiving 13,199 votes against 13,158 votes for Caleb X. Taylor, Republican, serving from March 4, 18G9, to Decem ber 5, 1870, when, his election having been success fully contested, his competitor took the seat; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Forty- second Congress, receiving 11,401 votes against 11,561 votes for Alfred C. Harmer, Republican. Ready, Charles, was born at Readyville, Ten nessee, December 22, 1802; received a classical edu cation, graduating at Greenville College, and receiv ing the degree of A.M. from the Nashville Universi ty ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and prac tised ; was a member of the State House of Represen tatives in 1835; was elected a representative from Tennessee in the Thirty-third Congress as a Whig, receiving 6,143 votes against 4,577 votes for Barry, Democrat ; was re-elected to the Thirty-fourth Con gress, receiving 7,069 votes against 632 votes for Keeble, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving 6,151 votes against 5,851 votes for Guild, Democrat, serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1859 ; was defeated as the Independent can didate for the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving 5,844 votes against 6,719 votes for Hatton, Opposition; was an active supporter of the Southern Confederacy. Reagan, John H., was born in Sevier County, Tennessee, October 8, 1818; received a common- school and limited collegiate education, but did not graduate; is a lawyer and farmer; settled in the re public of Texas in May, 1839; was a deputy-surveyor of the public lands 1839-1843 ; was elected captain of a company, and justice of the peace, in 1842; was elected colonel of militia, and probate judge, in 1846; was elected to the State House of Representatives for two years in 1847; was elected judge of the District Court for six years in 1852; resigned, and was re- elected for six years in 1856; was elected a represen tative from Texas in the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 15,799 votes against 10,085 votes for Evans, American; was re-elected to the Thirty- sixth Congress, receiving 20,565 votes against 3,541 votes for W. 13. Ochiltree, serving from December 7, 1857, to March 3, 1861; was elected to the Secession Convention of Texas in 1861 ; was elected with others by that convention deputy to the Provisional Con gress of the Confederacy; was appointed postmaster- general of the Provisional Government of the Con federacy March 6, 1861; was re-appointed on the permanent organization of the Confederate Govern ment in 1862, and occupied the position until the close of the war; was also appointed acting secretary of the treasury of the Confederate Government for a short time preceding the close of the war; and was elected a representative from Texas in the Forty- fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving about 4,000 majority over William Chambers, Republican ; and was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, re ceiving 13,697 votes against 6,416 votes for S. W. Cooper, Republican, serving from December 6, 1875. Reding, John R., was born at Haverhill, New Hampshire; received a public-school education; was elected a representative from New Hampshire in the Twenty-seventh Congress as a Democrat; was re- elected to the Twenty-eighth Congress, serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1845; was naval store keeper at Portsmouth 1853-1858; was mayor of Ports mouth ; was a member of the State House of Repre sentatives. Reed, Charles M., was born in Pennsylvania; received a public-school education; engaged in the navigation of the lakes, and became an extensive steamboat proprietor; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Whig, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1845; died at Erie, Pennsylvania, December 16, 1871. Reed, Edward C./was born at Fitzwilliam, New Hampshire, March 8. 1793; received a classical education, graduating at Dartmouth College in 1812; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1814, and commenced practice at Homer, New York; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-second Congress as a Jackson Democrat, serving from December 5, 1831, to March 2, 1833. Reed, Isaac, was born at Waldoborough, Maine, in 1810; received a public-school education; devoted himself to mercantile pursuits; was for six years a member of the State House of Representatives ; was defeated as a candidate for the Thirty-second Con gress, but subsequently was elected a representative from Maine in the Thirty-second Congress (in place of Charles Andrews, deceased) as a Whig, receiving 6,652 votes against all others, serving from June 25, 1852, to March 3, 1853; was State treasurer in 1856. Reed, John (father of John Reed), was born in Plymouth County, Massachusetts, in 1751 ; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1772; was ordained in 1780, and settled at West Bridgewater, Massachusetts ; was elected a represen tative from Massachusetts in the Fourth Congress as a Federalist; was elected to the Fifth and Sixth Congresses, serving from December 7, 1795, to March 3, 1801; died at West Bridgewater, Massachusetts, February 12, 1831. Reed, John (son of John Reed), was born at Bridgewater, Massachusetts, in 1781 ; received a classical education, graduating at Brown University in 1803; was a tutor in that institution for two years; studied law with Hon. William Baylies; was ad mitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Yar mouth; was elected a representative from Massa chusetts in the Thirteenth Congress as a Federalist ; was re-elected to the Fourteenth Congress, serving from May 24, 1813, to March 3, 1817; was successive ly elected from the Seventeenth to the Twenty-sixth Congress as a Whig, serving from December 3, 1821, to March 3, 1841; was known as "the life member;" was lieutenant-governor of Massachu setts 1845-1851; died at Bridgewater, Massachusetts, of no particular disorder, but of a gradual decay of vital power, November 25, 1860. Reed, Joseph, was born at Trenton, New Jersey, August 27, 1741 ; received a classical education, graduating at Princeton College in 1757 ; went abroad, and studied law at the Temple in London; returned in 1862, and commenced practice at Trenton; was ap pointed deputy-secretary of New Jersey in 1767 ; took an active part in pre-Revolutionary movements ; was president of the Pennsylvania Convention in Janu ary, 1775; in July, 1775, at the solicitation of Wash ington, he resigned a lucrative practice, and accom panied him to Cambridge as his aide-de-camp and military secretary; served during the campaign of 1776; was appointed in 1776 chief justice of Pennsyl vania, and brigadier-general in the Revolutionary army; he declined both offices, but participated as a volunteer in the battles of Brandywine, Monmouth, and Germantown; was a delegate from Pennsyl vania to the Continental Congress 1777-1778; was president of the State of Pennsylvania 1778-1781; resumed his profession at the close of 1781 ; visited England in 1784 for his health, and, returning, died at Philadelphia March 5, 1785. Reed, Philip, was born in Kent County, Mary land ; received an academical education ; served as captain in the Revolutionary army; was elected a United-States senator from Maryland (in place .of Robert Wright, resigned), serving from December 29, 1806, to March 3, 1813; commanded a regiment of 592 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. home guards, which repelled at Moorfields, Maryland, a superior force of British seamen under Sir Peter Parker, who was killed ; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Fifteenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1817, to March 3, 1819; was again elected to the Seventeenth Congress (having success fully contested the election of Jeremiah Causden), serving from March 20, 1822, to March 3, 1823 ; died at Huntingville, Kent County, Maryland, November 2, 1829. Reed, Robert R., was born in Pennsylvania; received a liberal education ; studied medicine, and practised at Washington; was a member of the State House of Representatives ; was elected a representa tive from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-first Congress as a Whig, receiving 6,417 votes against 6,359 votes for W. Hopkins, Jackson Democrat, and 549 votes Free- Soil, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1851; died at Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, December 15, 1864. Reed, Thomas B., was born at Portland October 18, 1839; graduated at Bowdoin College, Maine, in 1860; studied law; was acting assistant paymaster, United-States navy, from April 19, 1864, to November 4, 1865; was admitted to the bar in 1865, and commenced practice at Portland; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1868-1869, and of the State Senate in 1870; was at torney-general of Maine in 1870-1872; and was elect ed a representative from Maine in the Forty-fifth Congress as a Republican, receiving 16,235 votes against 15,143 votes for John M. Goodwin, Democrat, serving from October 15, 1877. Reed, William, was born at Marblehead, Mas sachusetts, in 1777 ; engaged in mercantile pursuits ; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Twelfth Congress as a Federalist, and was re- elected to the Thirteenth Congress, defeating Crown- iusliield, Democrat, serving from November 4, 1811, until March 3, 1815; was prominently connected with several religious associations, to which he be queathed large legacies; and died very suddenly, while attending a sabbath-school meeting at Marble- head, Massachusetts, February 18, 1837. Reeder, Andrew H., was born near Trenton, New Jersey, August 6, 1807; received a thorough English education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Easton, Pennsylvania; invari ably refused office until he was appointed in 1854 governor of Kansas ; he was removed in July, 1855, but was unanimously elected by the people of Kansas as their delegate to Congress, and afterwards, under the Topeka Constitution, as United-States senator from Kansas ; Congress refused to ratify this consti tution, and he was not admitted; died at Easton, Pennsylvania, July 5, 1864. Reese, David A., was born in South Carolina; removed to Georgia, and resided at Monticello; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Twenty- third Congress as a Whig, receiving 5,002 votes against 3,883 votes for Saffold, Democrat, serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855. Reeves, Henry A., was born at Sag Harbor, Suffolk County, New York, December 7, 1832 ; gradu ated at Union College, Schenectady, New York, in 1852; read law, and was admitted to the bar, but never practised ; became editor of " The Republican Watchman" at Greenport in 1858; was elected a representative from New York in the Forty-first Con gress as a Democrat, receiving 13,338 votes against 11,945 votes for Wood, Republican, serving from March 4, 1869, to March 3, 1871. Reid, David Settle, was born in Rockingham County, North Carolina, April 19, 1813; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1843, and commenced practice: was a member of the State Senate 1835- 1840 ; was elected a representative from North Caro lina to the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 4,195 votes against 3,827 votes for Mitchell, Whig ; and was re-elected to the Twenty-ninth Con gress, receiving 3,630 votes against 2,858 votes for Reid, Whig, serving from December 4, 1843, until March 3, 1847 ; was nominated for governor of North Carolina as a Democrat in 1848, and was defeated, receiving 41,480 votes against 42,360 votes for Manly, Whig ; was elected governor in 1850 as a Democrat, receiving 44,845 votes against 42,071 votes for Manly, Whig; and was re-elected in 1852, receiving 48,484 votes against 42,993 votes for Kerr, Whig, serving 1851-1855; was elected United-States senator as a Democrat (in the place of W. P. Manguin, Whig), and served from December 4, 1854, until March 3, 1859 ; was a delegate to the Peace Congress of 1861. Reid, John^vV., was born at Lyuchburg, Vir ginia, June 14, 1821 ; received a public-school educa tion; removed to Missouri in 1840; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1844, and commenced practice; served in the Mexican war as captain of a company in Colonel Doniphan s regiment of mounted volun teers ; resumed practice ; was two years a member of the State House of Representatives ; was elected a rep resentative from Missouri in the Thirty-seventh Con gress as a Democrat, receiving 11,699 votes against 10,432 votes for Mitchell, Opposition, and served during the first session from July 4, 1861, to August 6, 1861 ; entered the Confederate service, and was ex pelled, for " having taken up arms against the gov ernment of the United States," on the first day of the second session, December 2, 1862. Reid, Robert Raymond, was bom in Beau fort District, South Carolina, in 1789; removed early in life to Augusta, Georgia; studied law; was ad mitted to the bar, and practised ; was elected a repre sentative from Georgia in the Fifteenth Congress (in place of John Forsyth, elected senator) as a Demo crat ; was re-elected to the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Congresses, serving from February 18, 1819, to March 3, 1823 ; was elected mayor of Augusta at the expira tion of his congressional term; was a judge of the Superior Court of Georgia; was appointed by Presi dent Jackson in 1832 United-States judge for the dis trict of East Florida; was appointed by President Van Buren governor of the Territory of Florida, serving 1839-1841 ; was a delegate to the convention which framed a State Constitution for Florida, and its president; died near Tallahassee, Florida, July 1, 1844. Reilly, James B., was born in Schuylkill Coun ty, Pennsylvania, August 12, 1845; was educated at the Pottsville High School, graduating June 1, 1862; studied law; was admitted to the bar January 11, 1869, and commenced practice at Pottsville; was elected district-attorney of Schuylkill County Octo ber 8, 1871, and served until January 1, 1875, having been elected, while holding that position, a repre sentative from Pennsylvania in the Forty-fourth Con gress as a Democrat, receiving 8,600 votes against 8,056 votes for Theodore Garretson, and 144 votes for W. M. Randall, Independent Democrat; was re- elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 10,107 votes against 10,026 votes for Nutting, Republican, serving from December 6, 1875. Reilly, John, was born at Abnerville, Wheat- field Township, Indiana County, Pennsylvania, Feb ruary 22, 1836; received a common-school education; entered the service of the Pennsylvania Railroad, in the engineer corps, April 10, 1854, and filled various minor situations until April 1, 1865, when he was appointed superintendent of transportation, which position he held at the time of his election to Con gress, but resigned on taking his seat; was president of the board of city commissioners of Altoona in 1872 and 1873; was president of the Bell s Gap Railroad Company during its construction in 1872 and 1873; is connected with several manufacturing industries of Pennsylvania; and was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 11,727 votes against 10,580 votes for Samuel S. Blair, Republican, serving from De cember 6, 1875, to March 3, 1877; was defeated as STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 593 the Democratic candidate for the Forty-fifth Con gress, receiving 14,148 votes against 14,668 votes for Jacob Miller Campbell, Republican. Reilly, Wilson, was born in Pennsylvania; re ceived a public-school education; learned the hat ter s trade; studied law, and was admitted to the bar; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 10,224 votes against 9,715 votes for Pumroy. Repub lican, serving from December 7, 1857, to March 3, 1859; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving 9,C81 votes against 9,348 votes for McPherson, Republican. Reily, Luther, was born in Pennsylvania; re ceived an academic education; studied medicine, and practised at Harrisburg; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Van Buren Democrat, defeating Harris, Whig, and serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1839; died at Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, in 1839. Relfe, James H., was born in Virginia, and, at an early age, removed with his parents to Washing ton County, Missouri; studied medicine, and com menced practice at Caledonia, Missouri ; was elected a representative from Missouri in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Democrat ; was re-elected to the Twen ty-ninth Congress, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1847. Rencher, Abraham, was born in Wake Coun ty, North Carolina; received a liberal education, graduating at the University of North Carolina in 1822; studied law, and practised in Chatham County; was elected a representative from North Carolina to the Twenty-first Congress as a AVhig, and continu ously re-elected until the Twenty-fifth Congress inclu sive, serving from December 7, 1829, until March 3, 1839; was again re-elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress as a Whig, serving from May 31, 1841, until March 3, 1843; was appointed by President Tyler char;/e d affaires to Portugal, and served from Sep tember 22, 1843, until November 18, 1847; was ap pointed by President Buchanan governor of the Ter ritory of New Mexico, and served 1857-1861. Revels, Hiram R., was born in Fayetteville, North Carolina, September 1, 1822; desiring to obtain an education, which was denied in his native State to those of African descent, he removed to Indiana; spent some time at the Quaker Seminary in Union County; entered the Methodist ministry; afterwards received further instructions at the Clarke-county Seminary, when he became preacher, teacher, and lecturer among his people in the States of Indiana, Illinois, Ohio, and Missouri; at the breaking-out of the war, he was ministering at Baltimore; he assisted iu the organization of the first two colored regiments in Maryland and Missouri ; during a portion of 1863 and 1804 he taught school in St. Louis, then went to Vicksburg, and assisted the provost-marshal in man aging the freedmen affairs; followed on the heels of the army to Jackson; organized churches, and lec tured ; spent the next two years in Kansas and Mis souri in preaching and lecturing on moral and reli gious subjects; returned to Mississippi, and settled at Natchez ; was chosen presiding elder of the Methodist church, and a member of the city council; and was elected a United-States senator from Mississippi as a Republican, serving from February 25, 1870, to March 3, 1871 ; was pastor of a Methodist-Episcopal church at Holly Springs, Mississippi; removed to Indiana, where he was pastor of the African Methodist-Epis copal church at Richmond. Reynolds, Arthur B., of Tishemingo County, Mississippi, presented to the House of Representa tives on the 4th of June, 1866, credentials signed by Governor Humphreys, declaring that he had been elected to represent the First District of Mississippi in the Thirty-sixth Congress. Reynolds, Edwin R., was born at Fort Ann, New York, February 16, 1816; was a student at Brown University, but withdrew at the end of the second year, and received the degree of M.A. at Hobart College, Geneva, New York ; was principal c f the Albion Academy, Orleans County, New York, for six years; was county superintendent of common schools for Orleans County in 1843-1845; studied law at Albion with Hons. A. H. Cole and D. H. Cole; was admitted to the bar in 1843, and practised at Albion ; was a justice of the peace 1848-1854; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-sixth Congress (in place of Silas M. Burroughs, deceased) as a Republican, receiving 8,759 votes against 5,801 votes for L. J. Peck, Democrat, serving from Decem ber 5, 1860, to March 3, 1861 ; was elected judge and surrogate of Orleans County in 1863, serving until January 1, 1868; was a delegate to the National Lib eral Republican Convention at Cincinnati May 6, 1872, and supported Horace Greeley; continued the practice of law, interesting himself also in agricul tural pursuits. Reynolds, Gideon, was born in New York; re sided at Hoosick ; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirtieth Congress as a Whig; and was re-elected to the Thirty-first Congress as a Whig anti-Rent candidate supported by Democrats, receiv ing 6,055 votes against 5,302 votes for Warren, Whig, serving from December 6, 1847, to March 3, 1851. Reynolds, James B., resided at Clarksville, Tennessee; was elected a representative from Ten nessee in the Fourteenth Congress, serving from De cember 4, 1815, to March 3, 1817; was again elected to the Eighteenth Congress, receiving 1,100 majority over S. Brewer, serving from December 1, 1823, to March 3, 1825. Reynolds, John, was born in Montgomery County, Pennsylvania, February 26, 1788; when he was about six months old, his parents removed to Tennessee, and in 1800 they removed thence to the vicinity of Kaskaskia, Illinois; he was reared on a backwoods farm, but acquired a classical education ; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1812, and commenced practice at Cahokia; serving in a com pany organized for the defence of the frontier, he became known as " The Old Ranger;" was elected a justice of the Illinois Supreme Court in 1818; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1827, 1828, and 1829; was elected governor of Illinois in 1831, and in 1832 took the field as commander of the State militia in the Black Hawk war; was ap pointed a representative in the Twenty-third Con gress as a Democrat (to fill the vacancy occasioned by the death of Charles Slade), and elected to the Twenty-fourth Congress, serving from December 1, 1834, until March 3, 1837 ; was defeated as the Van Buren candidate for the Twenty-fifth Congress, re ceiving 3,116 votes against 3,202 votes for A. W. Snyder, Democrat, and 2,018 votes for Gatewood, Whig ; was again elected to the Twenty-sixth Con gress by upwards of 2,000 majority over J. Hogan, Whig, serving from December 2, 1839, until March 3, 1841 ; was re-elected to the Twenty-seventh Con gress, serving from August 3, 1841, until March 3, 1843; was active in securing the building of railroads and macadamized roads ; visited Europe in 1839 ; was again a member of the State House of Representa tives in 1846 and 1852, serving the last term as speak er; died at Belleville, Illinois, May 8, 1865. He published the " Pioneer History of Illinois," "John Kelly," "My Own Times," and a number of sketches of travel. Reynolds, John H., was born at Moreau, Sara toga County, New York, June 21, 1819; received an academical education; studied law with Mr. Beekman ;it Kinderhook ; was admitted to the bar in 1843, and commenced practice at Albany; was appointed by President Pierce postmaster at Albany in 1853, and was removed because of his adhesion to Stephen A. Douglas ; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-sixth Congress as an Independ- nt Republican, receiving 9.571 votes against 8,371 votes for Corning, Democrat, and 260 votes foi 594 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Livingston, American, serving from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 1801 ; returned to his practice ; was appointed by Governor Dix a judge of the Commis sion of Appeals of the State, which position he held until the expiration of the court by constitutional limitation on the first day of July, 1875; died at his country residence at Kmderhook September 24, 1875. Reynolds, Joseph, was born in Xew York; resided at Virgil; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1819; was elected a represen tative from New York in the Twenty-fourth Con gress as a Democrat, serving from December 7, 1835, to March 3, 1837. Rhea, John, was born in 1753 ; removed to Ten nessee, and located at Sullivan; was elected a repre sentative from Tennessee in the Eighth Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Ninth, Tenth, Elev enth, Twelfth, and Thirteenth Congresses, serving from October 17, 1803, to March 2, 1815 ; was appointed in 1810 United-States commissioner to treat with the Choctaw Nation ; was again elected to the Fifteenth, Sixteenth and Seventeenth Congresses, serving from December 1, 1817, to March 3, 1823; died May 27, 1882. Rhett, Robert Barn-well, was born at Beau fort, South Carolina, December 24, 1800; received an academical education ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar in 1824, and commenced practice at Beau fort; up to this time he had been known by his family name of Smith, but he dropped it, and as sumed the name of an ancestor, Rhett; was at torney-general of South Carolina; was elected a representative from South Carolina in the Twenty- fifth Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty-sixth, Twenty-seventh, Twenty-eighth, Twenty-ninth, and Thirtieth Congresses, serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1849; was elect ed a United-States senator from South Carolina (in place of John C. Calhoun, deceased), serving from January 6, 1851, to 1852, when he resigned, upon the death of his wife; was a leading delegate to the South-Carolina Secession Convention in 1861, and wrote the address giving the reasons for separation; was a delegate from Mississippi to the Provisional Confederate Congress at Montgomery 1801, and chairman of the committee which reported the Con federate Constitution; became the owner of "The Charleston Mercury," which was edited by his son, Robert Barnwell Rhett, jun. ; removed to St. James Parish, Louisiana, and died there September 14, 1870. Ricaud, James B., was born at Baltimore, Maryland, February 11, 1808; received a classical education, graduating at Washington College, Mary land; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Ohestertown, Maryland ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1834, and of the State Senate 1830-1844; was a presi dential elector on the Harrison ticket in 1830, and again on the Clay ticket in 1844; was elected a repre sentative from Maryland in the Thirty-fourth Con gress as an American, receiving 8,479 votes against 0,500 votes for Shower, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving 8,701 votes against 7,935 votes for McHenry, Democrat, serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1859; was ap pointed judge of the Circuit Court; died at Chester- town, Maryland, January 24, 1806. Rice, Alexander Hamilton, was born at Newton, Massachusetts, August 30, 1818; received a business training in his father s paper-mill, and at the same time a classical education, graduating at Union College in 1844 ; entered into the paper busi ness at Boston ; was a member of the city council in 1853 ; was mayor of Boston in 1856 and 1857 ; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Republican, receiving 4,507 votes against 3,511 votes for Waldron, Demo crat, and 1,396 votes for Thompson, American; was te-elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress, receiving 7.292 votes against 0,045 votes for Bigelow, Demo crat; was re-elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, receiving 5,044 votes against 5,020 votes for Sleeper, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Con gress, receiving 0,711 votes against 5,804 votes for Sleeper, Democrat, serving from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 1807; was governor of Massachusetts 1870-1878. Rice, Americas V., was born at Perrysville, Ricliland (now Ashland) County, Ohio, November 18, 1835 ; was educated at the common schools and at Antioch College, Yellow Springs, Ohio; graduated at Union College, Schenectady, New York, in 18(50 ; was a law student until April 12, 1801, when he enlisted as a private soldier in the Union army; was pro moted to second lieutenant and captain in the Twen ty-first Ohio Volunteers, and served in West Vir ginia until the expiration of his term of enlistment in August, 1801 ; immediately raised a company, and parts of others, for the Fifty-seventh Ohio Volun teers, and was sucessively promoted to captain, lieu tenant-colonel, and colonel of that regiment, and brigadier-general of United-States volunteers; was discharged the service January, 1800, and became manager of the private banking-house of C. H. Rice & Co., Ottawa, Ohio; was a delegate to the Demo cratic National Convention at Baltimore in 1872; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Forty- fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 13,477 votes against 8,279 votes for Lytle, Republican; and was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, re ceiving 20,543 votes against 12,045 votes for Long, Republican, serving from December 0, 1875. Rice, Benjamin F., was born at East Otto, Cattaraugus County, New York, May 28, 182S ; re ceived an academic education ; studied and practised law; was a member of the Kentucky legislature in 1855-1850; was elected presidential elector in 1850 for the Sixth Congressional District of Kentucky; removed to Minnesota in 1860; entered the Union army as a private in 1861; was promoted to captain in the Third Minnesota Infantry Volunteers, and served three years ; settled at Little Rock in 1864 ; practised law until 1808; took a leading part in organizing the Republican party in the State of Ar kansas in the early part of 18b7; was chairman of the State Central Committee, and conducted a suc cessful canvass in three successive elections; was elected United-States senator from Arkansas as a Republican, serving from June 3, 1808, to March 3, 1873. Rice, Edward Y., was born in Logan County, Kentucky, February 8, 1820 ; was educated at com mon schools and at Shurtleff College; studied and practised law; was elected in 1847 county-recorder of Montgomery County, Illinois ; was a member of the legislature of the State of Illinois in 1849-1850; was etected judge of the County Court of Mont gomery County, and served two years; was appointed master in chancery for that county from 1853 until 1857, when he was elected judge of the Eighteenth Circuit of Illinois, to which office he was re-elected in 1801, and again re-elected in 1867 ; was a member of the Constitutional Convention of the State of Illinois in 1869-1870; and was elected a representa tive from Illinois in the Forty-second Congress as a Democrat, receiving 13,903 votes against 12,028 votes for J. W. Kitchell, Republican, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1873. Rice, Henry M., was born at Waitsfield, Ver mont, November 29, 1810; received a public-school education ; went West as an assistant in making gov ernment surveys; resided in the Territories of Iowa and Wisconsin and Minnesota; was a clerk for Ken- nett Mackenzie in 1838, and in 1840 was himself ap pointed post-sutler at Fort Atkinson, which he held about two years; in 1843 he commenced trading with the Winnebago Indians in connection with the American Fur Company, which occupation he fol lowed till the removal of these Indians to Long STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 595 Prairie, one hundred and forty miles above St. Paul; during the removal of the Winnebagoes he was ap pointed to treat with the Chippewas for the tract of land occupied by the former tribe; he also procured the removal of the Chippewas from Lake Superior to the Mississippi, thus throwing their trade into the upper Mississippi Valley, instead of through Detroit and Saut Ste. Marie; was elected a delegate from Minnesota Territory in the Thirty-third Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress, serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1857; was elected a United-States senator from Minnesota, serving from May 12, 1858, to March 3, 1863; was elected treasurer of Ramsay County in 1878. Rice, John B., was born at Easton, Maryland, in 1809; received a common-school education; went on the stage at New York in 1839, when he played the character of the uncle in "George Barmvell;" having achieved success in his profession, he married Mary Anne Warren, an actress of acknowledged ability, who was a sister of the celebrated comedian, William Warren of Boston; removed to Chicago, Illinois; was an actor and manager of a theatre; re tired from the stage in 1857 ; was elected mayor of Chicago in 1865, and re-elected in 1867; and was elected a representative from Maryland in the Forty- third Congress as a Republican, receiving 12,870 votes against 8,235 votes for Otis, Liberal, serving from December 1, 1873, to December 16, 1874, when he died at Norfolk, Virginia. Rice, John H., was born at Mount Vernon, Maine, February 5, 1816; received a public-school education; held several local offices at Augusta 1832- 1838, devoting his leisure-hours to the study of law ; served as a staff-officer during the North-eastern boundary troubles ; was appointed deputy-sheriff of Piscataquis County in 1842; was interested in lumbering operations; was admitted to the bar in 1848, and commenced practice ; was a State attorney by successive elections 1852-1860; was elected a rep resentative from Maine in the Thirty-seventh Con gress as a Republican, receiving 12,314 votes against 7,983 votes for Blake, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, receiving 8,113 votes against 3,976 votes for Boynton, Democrat, and 1,290 votes for Haynes, Union Democrat; was re- elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiving 10,802 votes against 6,983 votes for Madigan, Democrat, serving from July 4, 1861, to March 3, 1867; was ap pointed by President Johnson collector of customs at the port of Bangor, Maine, serving 1867-1871 ; en gaged in the prosecution of claims and legal business at Washington City. Rice, John M., was born in Floyd County, Kentucky; resided at Louisa; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1859 and 1867; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Forty-first Congress as a Democrat, receiving 10,510 votes against 6,652 votes for Zeigler, Republican; and was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress, receiving 9,544 votes against 6,242 votes for G. M. Thomas, Republican, serving from March 4, 1869, to March 3, 1873. Rice, Thomas, was born in Massachusetts ; re ceived a classical education, graduating at Harvard College in 1791; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice; was elected a repre sentative from Massachusetts in the Fourteenth Con gress ; and was re-elected to the Fifteenth Congress, serving from December 4, 1815, to March 3, 1819; died in 1854. Rice, William W\, was born at Deerfield, Massachusetts, March 7, 1826 ; was fitted for college at Gorham Academy, Maine ; graduated at Bowdoin College in 1846; was preceptor in Leicester Acade my, Massachusetts, for four years; studied law at Worcester with Hon. Emory Washburn and Hon. George F. Hoar; was admitted to the bar, and prac tised since at Worcester; was appointed judge of insolvency for the county of Worcester in 1858; was mayor of the city of Worcester in 1860; was district- attorney for the Middle District of Massachusetts 1869-1874 ; was a member of the State House of Rep resentatives in 1875 ; and was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Forty-fifth Congress as a Republican, receiving 13,890 votes against 10,248 votes for George F. Verry, Democrat, serving from October 15, 1877. Rich, Charles, was born in Hampshire County, Massachusetts, in 1771; removed to Vermont, and settled at Shoreham; was elected a representative from Vermont in the Thirteenth Congress as a Democrat, serving from May 24, 1813, to March 2, 1815; was again elected to the Fifteenth Congress; was re-elected to the Sixteenth Congress on a general ticket, receiving 13,635 votes against 6,901 votes for W. A. Griswold; was re-elected to the Seventeenth Congress, and was re-elected to the Eighteenth Con gress, receiving 1,455 votes against 1,359 votes for Hungerford, serving from December 1, 1817, to Octo ber 15, 1824, when he died at Shoreham, Vermont. Richard, Gabriel, was born at Saintes, France, October 15, 1764; received a classical education, graduating at the College of Angers; studied the ology, and received orders at a Roman-Catholic seminary at Paris in 1790; immigrated to the United States in 1798; was professor of mathematics in St. Mary s College, Maryland; was sent by Bishop Car roll as a missionary to Kaskaskia, Illinois; in 1798 he went to Detroit, Michigan, where he published (on a printing-press which had been donated to him at Boston) a periodical in the French language, enti tled "Essais du Michigan," and some Roman-Catho lic books; it became his duty to excommunicate one of his parishioners who had been divorced from his wife, and who prosecuted Father Richard for defama tion of character, obtaining a verdict of one thou sand dollars; this money Father Richard could not pay, and was consequently imprisoned in the com mon jail; but the people of Michigan elected him their Territorial delegate to Congress, and he went from prison to the Capitol, serving in the Eighteenth Congress from December 1, 1823, to March 3, 1825; returning to Detroit, he officiated as grand vicar of the bishop of Ohio; died at Detroit, Michigan, of cholera, September 13, 1832. Richards, Jacob, was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Eighth Congress; was re- elected to the Ninth and Tenth Congresses, serving from October 17, 1803, to March 3, 1809. Richards, John, was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Fourth Congress, having successfully contested the election of James Morris, serving from January 18, 1796, to March 3, 1797. Richards, John, was born in New York; re sided at Johnsburg; was elected a representative from New York in the Eighteenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1823, to March 3, 1825. Richards, Mark, was born at New Haven, Connecticut; removed to Vermont; was for eight years a member of the State House of Representa tives ; was high sheriff of his county for five years ; was a presidential elector on the Madison ticket in 1813 ; was elected a representative from Vermont in the Fifteenth Congress as a Democrat ; was re-elected to the Sixteenth Congress, receiving 13,518 votes against 6,879 votes for R. C. Mallory, serving from December 1, 1817, to March 3, 1821 ; was lieutenant- governor of Vermont in 1830. Richards, Matthias, was born in 1757; re ceived an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, arid practised; was a judge of Berks County, Pennsylvania, 1788-1797; was elect ed a representative from Pennsylvania in the Tenth Congress ; was re-elected to the Eleventh Congress, serving from October 26, 1807, to March 3, 1811; died in 1830. Richardson, John Peter, was born at Hick ory Hill, South Carolina, April 14, 1801 ; received a 596 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. classical education, graduating at South-Carolina College in 1819; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Fulton, South Caro lina; was a member of the State House of Represen tatives; was judge of the Circuit Court; was elected a representative from South Carolina in the Twenty- fourth Congress (in place of Richard T. Manning, deceased) as a State-rights Democrat, and was re- elected to the Twenty-fifth Congress, serving from December 19, 1836, to March 3, 1839; was governor of South Carolina 1840-1842 ; was a delegate to the State Conventions of 1852 and 1800; died at Fulton, South Carolina, January 24, 1864. Richardson, J. S., contested the seat of Joseph H. Rainey of the First District of South Carolina in the Forty-fifth Congress. Richardson, John Smith, was born on his family plantation in Sumter District, South Carolina, April 11. 1777; received a classical education, gradu ating at the Charleston College; studied law with John Julius Pringle; was admitted to the bar Octo ber 30, 1799, and commenced practice in his native district; was several years a member of the State House of Representatives ; was elected attorney-gen eral of the State in December, 1810; was elected judge December 18, 1818; was elected a representative from South Carolina in the Seventeenth Congress, but declined on account of his private business, which required his presence in South Carolina; became president of the Law Court of Appeals in 1841, and president of the Court of Errors in 1846; defended himself successfully in 1847 against an attempt to legislate him out of office on account of his inability to perform his judicial duties, and died at Charles ton, South Carolina, May 8, 1850. Richardson, Joseph, was born at Billerica, Massachusetts, February 1, 1778; received a classical education, graduating at Dartmouth College in 1802; studied theology, and was licensed to preach in 1803; was ordained over the First Parish in Hingham July 2, 1806; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention in 1820; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1821 and 1822, and of the State Senate in 1823, 1824, and 1826; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Twentieth Congress; was re-elected to the Twenty-first Con gress, serving from December 3, 1827, to March 3, 1831; died at Hingham, Massachusetts, September 25, 1871. Published a number of school-books. Richardson, William A., was born in Fay- ette County, Kentucky, in 1811; received a classical education, graduating at Transylvania University; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Rushville, Illinois, but afterwards re moved to Quincy; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1836, and of the State Senate in 1838; was again a member of the State House of Representatives in 1844, and speaker of the House; was a presidential elector on the Polk ticket in 1844 ; served in the Mexican war as captain in Hardin s regiment of Illinois volunteers, and was promoted to be major for his gallant conduct at Buena Vista February 26, 1847; was elected a representative from Illinois in the Thirtieth Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-first Congress ; was re- elected to the Thirty-second Congress, receiving 8,099 votes against 7,197 votes for Browning, Whig; was re-elected to the Thirty-third Congress, receiving 9,018 votes against 8,443 votes for Browning, Whig; and was re-elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress, receiving 8,935 votes against 8,122 votes for Wil liams, Republican, serving from December 6, 1847, to August 25, 185(i, when he resigned ; was appointed by President Buchanan governor of Nebraska, serv ing 1857-1858, when he resigned; was elected a United-States senator from Illinois (in place of Stephen A. Douglas, deceased) as a Democrat, serv ing from January 30, 1863, to March 3, 1865; died of paralysis at Quincy, Illinois, December 27, 1875. Richardson, William Marchant, was born at Pelham, New Hampshire, January 4, 1774; re ceived a classical education, graduating at Harvard College in 1797 ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Groton, Massachu setts ; was elected a representative from Massachu setts in the Twelfth Congress as a Federalist, and was re-elected to the Thirteenth Congress, defeating Hale, War Democrat, by over 1,000 majority, when, owing to the opposition to the war, every Democratic candidate in Massachusetts was defeated; he re signed after the second session, serving from Janu ary 22, 1812, until April 18, 1814; removed to Ports mouth in 1814, and was appointed chief justice of New Hampshire in 1816, discharging the duties of the office until he died at Chester, New Hampshire, March 23, 1838. He published " The New-Hamp shire Justice " and " The Town Officer." A con siderable portion of the first and second volumes of the New-Hampshire Reports was his work; nearly all the cases of the third, fourth, and fifth were fur nished by him; and of the matter for, perhaps, four volumes more, he prepared a large share. Richmond, Hiram L., was born in Chautau- qua County, New York, May 17, 1810; received a good academic education; studied medicine two years with his father, Lawton Richmond; then en tered Alleghany College as a student, where he re mained two years; studied law under Hon. David Derickson of Meadville ; was admitted to the bar in Februaiy, 1838, and, in April thereafter, entered upon the duties of his profession at Meadville; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Forty-third Congress as a Republican, receiving 20,704 votes against 18,627 votes for S. Griffin, Democrat, serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1875. Richmond, Jonathan, was born at Bristol, Massachusetts, in 1774; received a public-school edu cation; removed to Western New York in 1813, and settled at Aurora, Cayuga County; was collector of United-States internal revenue ; was elected a repre sentative from New York in the Sixteenth Congress, serving from December 6, 1819, to March 3, 1821; died at Aurora, New York, July 29, 1865. Riddle, Albert Gallatin, was born at Monson, Massachusetts, May 28, 181(5; his father removed to Newbury, in the Western Reserve of Ohio, in 1817; was reared on a pioneer farm, receiving a public- school education, and was one year at the Painesville Academy ; studied law with Governor Seabury Ford ; was admitted to the bar in May, 1840, and practised in Geauga County until 1850, when he removed to Cleveland ; was elected prosecuting-attorney of Geauga County in 1840, 1842, and 1844; was elected a member of the State legislature in 1848, and again in 1849; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirty-seventh Congress as a Radical Republican, receiving 11,927 votes against 5,343 votes for A. J. Williams, Democrat, serving from July 4, 1861, to March 3, 1863; was consul at Matanzas, in Cuba, a few months ; located at Washington, where he prac tised ; was special assistant attorney-general to prose cute the safe-burglars case. He published " Students and Lawyers," a volume of "Law Lectures," and three novels, " Burt Ridgely," "The Portrait," and "Alice Brand." Riddle, George Read, was born at New Castle, Delaware, in 1817; received a liberal education; studied civil engineering, and was engaged for some years in locating and constructing railroads and canals; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Wilmington, Delaware, in 1848; was deputy attorney-general for New-Castle County 1848-1850; was a commissioner in 1849 to retrace " Mason and Dixon s Line;" was a delegate to several National Democratic Conventions; was elected a representative from Delaware in the Thirty- second Congress as a Democrat, receiving 6,055 votes against 5,926 votes for Rodney, Whig; was re-elected to the Thirty-third Congress, receiving 6,692 votes STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 597 against 6,630 votes for Houston, Whig, serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1855; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Thirty-fourth Con gress, receiving 6,334 votes against 6,820 votes for Cullen, American ; was elected a United-States sen ator from Delaware (in place of James A. Bayard, resigned), serving from February 2, 1864, to March 29, 1867, when he died at Washington City. Riddle, Haywood Yancey, was born at Van Buren, Hardeman County, Tennessee, June 20, 1834; was educated at Union University, Murf reesborough, Tennessee, and graduated at the head of his class in July, 1854; was elected adjunct professor of mathe matics and languages in the same college, but re signed, after fifteen months, to enter the law-school of Cumberland University at Lebanon in 1856, where he graduated in June, 1857; was admitted to the bar at Ripley, Mississippi, in 1857, but moved in 1858 to Smitli County, Tennessee, where he had married, and engaged in agricultural pursuits ; entered the Confederate army as a private in 1861, and served through the war, the last year of it on the staff of Brigadier-Generals Marcus J. Wright and W. W. Mackall; moved to Lebanon in 1865 to practise law, but was employed in the office of the county-clerk for five years, and then received the appointment for six years in 1870, but resigned, when elected a repre sentative from Tennessee in the Forty-fourth Con gress as a Democrat, December 14, 1875 (to fill the vacancy caused by the death of S. M. Fite), receiving 5,371 votes against 1,396 votes for W. M. Woodcock, Republican, and 994 votes for A. E. Garrett, Demo crat (a fatality, unprecedented in the history of the government, had attended the congressmen elected to the Forty-fourth Congress from this district; John W. Head was elected on the first Tuesday in Novem ber, 1874, and died in a few days afterward; Samuel M. Fite was elected December 31, 1874, and died October 23, 1875; neither lived to take his seat); he was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress as a Demo crat, receiving 11,957 votes against 3,545 votes for R. A. Cox, Democrat, and 1,437 votes for R. F. Patton, Republican, serving from December 6, 1875. Ridgeley, Henry Moore, was born in 1778; received an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Dover; was elected a representative from Delaware in the Twelfth Congress as a Federalist, receiving 17 majority over Richard C. Dale, Democrat; was re- elected to the Thirteenth Congress, receiving 4,118 votes against 3,211 votes for Hall, Democrat, serving from November 4, 1811, to March 2, 1815; was elected a United-States senator from Delaware (in place of Nicholas Van Dyke, deceased), serving from January 23, 1827, to March 3, 1829; died at Dover, Delaware, August 7, 1847. Ridgely, Richard, was a delegate from Mary land to the Continental Congress from 1785 to 1786. Ridgeway, Robert, was a native of Virginia; received a classical education; edited "The Rich mond AVhig;" claimed a seat as a representative from Virginia in the Fortieth Congress, but was not admitted ; was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress as a Conservative, receiving 16,732 votes against 13,751 votes for Curtis, Republican; died at Cool Well, Amherst County, Virginia, October 17, 1869. Ridgway, James, resided at Columbus, Ohio; held several local offices; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Whig, serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1839. Ridgway, Joseph, was born on Staten Island, New York, May 6, 1783; received a public-school education; learned the house-carpenter s trade; re moved to Cayuga County, New York, in 1811, and engaged in the manufacture of f aiming-mills; re moved again to Columbus, Ohio, where he established an iron-fouridery, which became a large railroad- car manufactory ; was a member of the fcjtate House of Representatives 1828-1832; was elected a represen tative from Ohio in the Twenty-sixth Congress as a Whig ; was re-elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress, serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1843. RiggS, Jetur R., was born in Morris County, New Jersey, June 20, 1809; received an academic education; studied medicine, and graduated from the New- York Medical College; made a voyage around the world; practised "medicine from 1832 until 1849, serving two years in the State House of Representatives; went to California in 1849, and was in charge of the hospital at Sutler s Fort there; re turned to Paterson; was a member of the State Senate of New Jersey in 1855-1858; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Republican, receiving 8,837 votes against 8,154 votes for J. Huyler, Democrat; died at Drakesville, New Jersey, November 5, 1869. RiggS, Lewis, was born in Cortland County, New York ; received a public-school education ; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-seventh Congress as a Democrat, receiving 10,363 votes against 10,243 votes for James Dunn, Whig, serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3. 1843. Riker, Samuel, was born on Long Island, New York; received a public-school education; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1784; was elected a representative from New York in the Eighth Congress (in place of John Smith, elected senator), serving from November 5, 1804, to March 3, 1805; was again elected to the Tenth Congress, serv ing from October 26, 1807, to March 3, 1809. Ringgold, Samuel, was born in Maryland; re ceived a public-school eclucation; resided at Hagers- town; was a member of the State Senate; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Eleventh Con gress (in place of Roger Nelson, resigned) as a Dem ocrat; was re-elected to the Twelfth and Thirteenth Congresses, serving from December 7, 1810, to March 2, 1815; was re-elected to the Fifteenth Congress; was re-elected to the Sixteenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1817, to March 3, 1821; died at Hagerstown, Maryland, October 18, 1829. Ripley, Eleazar Wheelock, was born at Hanover, New Hampshire, in 1782; received a classi cal education, graduating at Dartmouth College in 1800; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Waterville, Massachusetts (afterwards Maine); was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1807 and in 1811; re moved to Portland in 1812; was elected a member of the State Senate; served in the war of 1812 as colo nel, brigadier-general, and major-general, distin guishing himself in the battles of Chippewa, Niagara, and Erie; was retained in the sen-ice, and superin tended the erection of fortifications at the South west until he resigned in 1820, residing at Jackson, Louisiana; was a member of the State Senate ; was elected a representative from Louisiana in the Twen ty-fourth Congress as a Jackson Democrat, receiving 1,165 votes against 899 votes for Chavin, 434 votes for Bradford, and 257 votes for Woodruff ; was re-elected to the Twenty-fifth Congress, receiving 500 majority, serving from December 7, 1835, to March 3, 1839; declined a re-election; the murder of his only son at the Fanning massacre, and the breaking-out of one of his old wounds, hastened his death, which took place at Jackson, Louisiana, March 2, 1839. Ripley, James W., was born in Massachusetts (afterwards Maine); received a liberal education; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Fryeburg: served as an officer of Maine volunteers in the war of 1812 ; was for four years a member of the State House of Representatives ; was elected a representative from Maine in the Nineteenth Congress (in place of Enoch Lincoln, resigned) as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Twentieth and Twenty-first Congresses, serving from December, 1826, to March 12, 1830, when he resigned on account of his delicate health; was appointed collector of customs for the Passamaquoddy district of Maine; died June 17, 1835. 598 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Ripley, Thomas C., was born at Schaghticoke, New York; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-ninth Congress (in place of Richard P. Herrick, deceased), serving from Decem ber 7, 1846, to March 3, 1847. Risley, Elijah, was born in Connecticut in 1780; removed to Cliautauqua County, New York ; held sev eral local offices ; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-first Congress as a Whig, receiving 0,946 votes against 3,041) votes for Chaffee, Cass Democrat, and 2,332 votes for Colman, Van Buren Democrat, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1851; died at Fredouia, New York, January 9, 1870. Ritchie, David, was born at Canonsburg, Penn- menced practice at Pittsbnrg; was elected a repre sentative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-third Congress as a Whig, receiving 4,939 votes against 4,532 votes for Shannon, Democrat ; was re-elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress, receiving 5,705 votes against 3,714 votes for Schaler, Democrat ; and was re- elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Republican, receiving 7,674 votes against 5,944 votes for McCand- less, Democrat, serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1859; was county-judge for one year; died at Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, January 24, 1867. Ritchie, John, was born in Frederick City, Maryland, August 12, 1831 ; was educated mainly at the Frederick Academy; commenced the study of medicine, but relinquished it for that of law, at tending during his course the law-school of Harvard College, Massachusetts; was admitted to the bar in October, 1854, and commenced practice at Frederick City; was presidential elector in 1860 on the Breck- inridge and Lane ticket; in 1867 was elected to serve for four years as State s attorney for Frederick County from the 1st of January ensuing, which office he held when he was elected a representative from Maryland in the Forty-second Congress as a Democrat, receiving 14,304 votes against 12,486 votes for J. E. Smith, Republican, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1873; was defeated as the Demo cratic candidate for the Forty-third Congress, receiv ing 12,545 votes against 14,258 votes for Lloyd Lowndes, Republican. Ritchie, Thomas, was born in Pennsylvania; removed to Ohio, and located at Somerset; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirtieth Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 6, 1847, to March 3, 1849; was again elected to the Thirty-third Congress, receiving 9,037 votes against 0,681 votes for Welch, Whig, and 323 votes for Tuck er, Abolitionist, serving from December 5. 1853, to March 3, 1855. Ritter, Burwell C., was born in Barren Coun ty, Kentucky, January 6, 1810; received an academi cal education; engaged in agricultural pursuits ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1846 and 1850; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Thirty-ninth Congress as a Con servative, receiving 0,974 votes against 5.786 votes for Yeaman, Republican, serving from December 4, 1865, to March 3, 1867. Ritter, John, was born at Exeter, Pennsylvania, February 6, 1779; received a public-school education; entered the printing-office of the "Readinger Adler" in 1797, when the second number was issued, his father being half-owner; in 1802 he purchased his father s interest, and he continued to conduct the paper until his death; was a member of the State Constitutional Convention of 1836; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty- eighth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 3,941 votes against 1,747 votes for Hehn, Whig; and was re- elected to the Twenty-ninth Congress, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1847; died at Reading, Pennsylvania, November 24, 1851. Rivers, Thomas, was born in Tennessee; re sided at Somervillc; was elected a representative from Tennessee in the Thirty-fourth Congress as an American, receiving 5,860 votes against 5,136 votes for Currin, Democrat, serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1857. Rives, Francis E., was born in Virginia; re sided at Littleton; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 60 majority over Dr. Goodwin, Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-sixth Congress, receiving 281 majority over James W. Pegram, Whig, serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1S41 ; declined being a candidate for re-election ; died at Littleton November 30, 1861. Rives, William Cabell, was born in Nelson County, Virginia, May 4, 1793; received a classical education, graduating at William and Mary College; studied law under Thomas Jefferson; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice ; served in the home-guard in 1814 and 1815; was a delegate to the State Convention in 1816; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1817, 1818, 1819, and 1822 ; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Eighteenth Congress as a Democrat; was re- elected to the Nineteenth and Twentieth Congresses, serving from December 1, 1823, to March 3, 1829; was appointed by President Jackson minister to France, serving from April 18, 1829, to September 27, 1832, and negotiating the Indemnity Treaty of July 4, 1831; was elected a United-States senator from Virginia (in place of Littleton W. Tazewell, re signed) as a Van Buren Conservative, serving from January 4, 1833, to 1834, when he resigned rather than obey instructions; went before the people, and was defeated in the legislature by 4 votes; was again elected a senator (in place of John Tyler, resigned), arid was twice re-elected, serving from March 14, 1836, to March 3, 1845 ; was again appointed minister to France, serving from July 20, 1849, to May 12, 1853; was a delegate from Virginia to the Provisional Confederate Congress which assembled at Richmond in July, 1801 ; was a representative in the First and Second Confederate Congresses, serving from Febru ary 22, 1801, to 1864; died near Charlottesville, Vir ginia, April 26, 1868. He published " Life and Times of James Madison" (three volumes), "Essays on Agriculture," "Life of John Hampden," "Ethics of Christianity," and " Discourse on the Uses and Im portance of History." Roane, John, was born in Virginia in 1754; re ceived a classical education; was a presidential elec tor on the Washington ticket; was for several years a member of the State House of Representatives ; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention ; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Eleventh Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Twelfth and Thirteenth Congresses, serving from May 22, 1809, to March 2, 1815 ; was again elected to the Twentieth Congress ; was re-elected to the Twen ty-first Congress, serving from December 3, 1827, to March 3, 1831; was again elected to the Twenty- fourth Congress, serving from December 7, 1835, to March 3, 1837 ; died at his residence in King William County, Virginia, November 15, 1838. Roane, John, was born in. Virginia, and was a representative from that State in the Eleventh and Twelfth Congresses, serving from May 22, 1809, to March 3, 1813. Roane, John J., was born in Virginia; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Twenty- second Congress, serving from December 5, 1831, to March 2, 1833. Roane, William H., was born in Virginia in 1788; received an academical education; was twice a member of the State Executive Council; was a member of the State House of Representatives ; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Four teenth Congress as a Democrat, serving from Decem ber 4, 1815, to March 3, 1817; was elected a United- STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 599 States senator from Virginia (in place of Richard E. Parker, resigned), serving from September 4. 1837, to March 3, 1841; died at Tree Hill, near Richmond, Virginia, May 11, 1845. Robbins, Asher, was born at Weathersfield, Connecticut, in September, 1757 ; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1782; was a tutor in Providence College (afterwards Brown University), 1783-1788; studied law at Newport with Attorney-General William Channing; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Providence, but removed in 1795 to Newport; was appointed United-States district-attorney in 1812 ; was a mem ber of the State legislature 1818-1825; was elected a senator from Rhode Island as a Whig (in place of James D Wolf, resigned), and re-elected, serving from December 5, 1825, to March 3, 1839 ; was again elected a member of the State legislature, serving for several years; and died from the effects of a fall on the ice at Newport, Rhode Island, February 25, 1845. Robbins, George R., was born near Allentown, Monmouth County, New Jersey, September 24, 1812 ; received a medical education, graduating at the Jef ferson Medical College, Philadelphia, in 1837, and practised at Hamilton Square ; was elected a repre sentative from New Jersey in the Thirty-fourth Con gress as a Whig, receiving 10,539 votes against 7,709 votes for Rne, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving 11,723 votes against 10,602 votes for Wall, Democrat, serving from De cember 3, 1855, to March 3, 1859. Robbins, John, was born in the village of Bustleton (now the Twenty-third Ward of the city of Philadelphia) ; received an ordinary school education, and was subsequently at the boarding-school of John Gummere, the eminent mathematician and astrono mer, at Burlington, New Jersey; was raised on the farm of his father, and became practically acquainted with agricultural pursuits; when a young man he established himself at Kensington (now the Eigh teenth Ward of the city of Philadelphia) as a manu facturer of steel, and afterward became interested in a mill for rolling bar-iron and steel, but he retired from his branch of business in 1855; he was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-first Congress as a Democrat, receiving 0,601 votes against 6,251 votes for John S. Littell, Whig ; was re-elected to the Thirty-second Congress, receiving 6,173 votes against 4,554 votes for Littell, Whig; and was re-elect ed to the Thirty-third Congress, receiving 5,857 votes against 3,300 votes for Sanderson, Whig, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1855, and declined a re-election in 1854 ; he filled many local offices, among them several connected with what is now the Board of Education, the municipal government of Ken sington, and the Kensington Bank ; was an inspector of Moyamensing Prison, a guardian of the poor at Blockley Almshouse, a director of Girard College, a manager of the House of Correction, and, for twenty- five years, a manager of the House of Refuge ; and was elected to the Forty-fourth Congress as a Demo crat, receiving 10,228 votes against 7,579 votes for Leonard Myers, Republican, and 9,095 votes for Alfred C. Harmer, Republican, serving from Decem ber 6, 1875, to March 3, 1877. Robbins, William M., was born in Randolph County, North Carolina, and is about forty-five years of age ; was educated at Trinity College, North Caro lina, and Randolph-Macon College, Virginia, at which latter he graduated in 1851 with the first dis tinction; is by profession a lawyer; was an ofncer in the Confederate army during the whole war, partici pating in nearly all the battles in Virginia, Maryland, and Pennsylvania, from Bull Run to Appomattox; was elected to the Senate of North Carolina in 1868, and re-elected in 1870; was a presidential elector on the Seymour and Blair ticket in 1868, and carried his district by a majority, although the State was lost; was elected a representative from North Carolina in the Forty-third Congress as a Conservative Demo crat by a majority of upward of 1,600 over D. M. Furches, Republican; was re-elected to the Forty- fourth Congress, receiving a majority of 4,373 votes over C. L. Cook, Republican ; and was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 13,724 votes against 9,549 votes for Thomas J. Dula, Republican, serving from October 15, 1877. Roberdeau, Daniel, was born on the Isle of France in 1727; received a thorough mercantile edu cation; entered into the lumber-trade; built a fort at Wyoming, Pennsylvania, which was destroyed by the Indians ; was elected a delegate from Pennsyl vania to the Continental Congress, serving 1777-177U ; was colonel of a Philadelphia regiment of volunteers; died at Winchester, Virginia, June 5, 1795. Roberts, Anthony E., was born in Chester County, Pennsylvania, October, 1803 ; received a pub lic-school education; removed when a lad with his parents to Lancaster, where he became a clerk in a store; was sheriff of Lancaster County 1839-1842; was appointed by President Taylor United-States marshal of the Eastern District of Pennsylvania, serving 1849-1853; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-fourth Congress as a AVhig, receiving 6,561 votes against 5,371 votes for Hiester, Democrat ; was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving 10,001 votes against 8,320 votes for Hiester, Democrat, serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1859. Roberts, Charles B., was born at Uniontown, Maryland, April 19, 1842; graduated at Calvert Col lege, New Windsor, Maryland, in 1861 ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1864; was a presi dential elector on the Seymour and Blair ticket in 1868 ; and was elected a representative from Mary land in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 10,682 votes against 8,238 votes for John T. Ensor, Republican; was re-elected to the Forty- fifth Congress, receiving 15,033 votes against 11,984 votes for J. Morrison Harris, Republican, serving from December 6, 1875. Roberts, Edward. "W., was bom near Nash ville, Tennessee, June 13, 1823; removed in 1825 with his parents to Iberville Parish, Louisiana ; was educated at country schools, and the preparatory de partment of Centenary College, Louisiana; entered Augusta College, Kentucky, in 1842, and then entered the Nashville University, Tennessee, leaving, before graduating, in 1844; commenced the study of law in 1845 ; served in the war with Mexico in 1846 as order ly sergeant of the Second Louisiana Volunteers, a six-months regiment; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1847-1849; entered the law department of the University of Louisiana, and graduated in 1850; practised law in Iberville Parish ; was again elected to the State House of Representa tives in 1853; was elected State auditor of public ac counts in 1857, re-elected in 1858, and held the office until 1862 ; entered the Confederate service in March, 1862, as captain of a company which he had raised for the Twenty-seventh Louisiana Infantry; partici pated in the bombardments, engagements, and siege at Vicksburg from May 18, 1862, to the surrender, and also served in the battle of Baton Rouge August 5, 1862, as volunteer aide to General Ruggles; was captured at Vicksburg July 4, 1863, and the regiment was not afterwards in active service ; after the war, resumed the practice of law at Baton Rouge; was elected a representative from Louisiana in the Forty- fifth Congress as a Conservative Democrat, receiving 15,520 votes against 11,147 votes for Charles E. Nash, Republican, serving from October 15, 1877. Roberts, Ellis H., was born at Utica, New York, September 30, 1827; was trained a printer; graduated at Yale College, Connecticut, in 1850; be came in 1851 editor and proprietor of " The Utica Morning Herald;" sat in the National Republican Convention of 1864, and was elected to that of 1868; was a member of the legislature of the State of New York in 1867; was elected a representative from 600 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. New York in the Forty-second Congress as a Repub- j Mean, receiving 12,322 votes against 10,606 votes for A. B. Weaver, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress, receiving 13,284 votes against ing Herald;" was defeated as the Republican candi date for the Forty-fourth Congress, receiving 10,496 votes against 11,922 votes for Scott Lord, Democrat. Roberts, Jonathan, was born in 1771; received a public-school education; was a member of the Pennsylvania State Senate and House of Represen tatives ; was elected a representative from Pennsyl vania in the Twelfth Congress ; was re-elected to the Thirteenth Congress, serving from November 4, 1811, to February 28, 1814, when, having been elected a United-Slates senator (in place of Michael Leib, re signed), he took his seat in the Senate, serving until March 3, 1821 ; was appointed by President Harrison collector of customs at the port of Philadelphia, and was removed by President Tyler; died at Phila delphia July 7, 1854. Roberts, Robert W., was born in Delaware; removed to Scott County, Mississippi, and located at Hillsborough; was elected a representative from Mississippi in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty-ninth Con gress, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1847. Roberts, William Randal, was born in Cork County, Ireland, February 0, 1830; arrived in the United States in July, 1849; received an academic education; was engaged in mercantile pursuits in New York for nearly twenty years, and retired from business in 18G9, and never sought for or held a po litical office until he was elected a representative from New York in the Forty-second Congress as a Democrat, receiving 14,506 votes against 2,215 votes for J. A. Briggs, Republican, and 159 votes for Gib bons, Republican; and was re-elected to the Forty- third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 20,281 votes against 5,356 votes for M. Stewart, Republican, serv ing from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1875. Robertson, George, was born in Mercer Coun ty, Kentucky, November 18, 1790; received a clas sical education, graduating at Transylvania Uni versity; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1809, and commenced practice at Lancaster; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Fif teenth Congress; was re-elected to the Sixteenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1817, to March 3, 1821 ; was a member of the State House of Rep resentatives 1822-1827, serving the last four years as speaker; was elected State secretary of state in 1828; was chief justice of the State of Kentucky 1829-1833; resumed the practice of law at Lexington, and died there May 16, 1874. Robertson, John, was born in Virginia; re sided at Richmond ; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Twenty-third Congress (in place of Andrew Stevenson, resigned) as a Whig, receiving 689 votes against 331 votes for W. H. Roane, Demo crat ; was re-elected to the Twenty-fourth Congress, receiving 395 majority over W. H. Roane, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Twenty-fifth Congress, re ceiving no opposition, serving from December 8, 1834, to March 3, 1839; declined being a candidate for re election. Robertson, Thomas Boiling, was born at Richmond, Virginia, in 1778; received a classical education, graduating at William and Mary College in 1807; was appointed United-States district-judge for Louisiana, and removed to New Orleans; was elected the first representative from Louisiana in the Twelfth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 875 ma jority ; was re-elected to the Thirteenth "Congress, receiving 880 majority ; was re-elected to the Four teenth Congress, receiving 599 votes against 152 votes for J, B. Prevost ; and was re-elected to the Fifteenth Congress, serving from December 23, 1812, to 1818, when he resigned. Robertson, Thomas J., was born in Fail-field County, South Carolina, August 3, 1823; received a classical education, graduating at the South-Carolina College; engaged in planting; was aide-de-camp to Governor Allston of South Carolina in 1857 and 1858; during the Rebellion was a fearless and outspoken Union man, and never in any way compromised his position as a loyal citizen of the United States ; was a member of the State Constitutional Convention assembled under the reconstruction acts of Congress, and, on the first meeting of the legislature under the present Constitution, was elected without opposition United-States senator from South Carolina as a Re publican to fill an unexpired term; and was re-elect ed, serving from July 10, 1SGS, to March 3. 1877. Robertson, William H., was born at Bedford, New York, October 10, 1823 ; received an academical education; studied and practised law; was a mem ber of the State Assembly of New York in 1849 and 1850; was a member of the State Senate of New York in 1854 and 1855 ; was judge of Westchester County, New York, for twelve years ; was a presi dential elector in 1860; was elected a representative from New York in the Fortieth Congress as a Re publican, receiving 12,012 votes against 9,957 votes for Radford, Democrat, serving from March 4, 1867, to March 3, 18G9./ Robie, Reuben, was born in Vermont ; re moved to Steuben County, New York, and settled at Bath ; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-second Congress as a Democrat, receiving 8,368 votes against 7,538 votes for Church, Whig, serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1853. Robinson, Christopher, was born in Rhode Island; received a classical education, graduating at Brown University in 1825; studied law; was ad mitted to the bar, and commenced practice; was elected State attorney-general; was elected a repre sentative from Rhode Island in the Thirty-sixth Congress as an American Republican, receiving 3,406 votes against 2,654 votes for Davis, Republican, serving from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 1861 ; was defeated as the Republican candidate for the Thirty-seventh Congress, receiving 6,656 votes against 6,998 votes for Sheffield, Unionist; was appointed by President Lincoln minister to Peru, serving June 8, 1801-November 28, 1865. Robinson, Edward, was born in 1796; re ceived a public-school education; was a ship-master and merchant at Thomaston, Maine; was for two years a member of the Maine Senate; was elected a representative from Maine in the Twenty-fifth Con gress (in place of Jonathan Cilley, deceased) as a Whig, receiving 4,203 votes against 3,528 votes for John T. McCratc, Democrat, 204 votes for W. J. Farley, Independent Whig, 134 votes for Joseph Sewell, Independent Democrat, and 77 votes for Ed win Smith, Conservative, serving from April 28, 1838, to March 3, 1839; was a presidential elector on the Harrison ticket in 1840; died at Thomaston, Maine, February 20, 1857. Robinson, George D., was born at Lexington, Massachusetts, January 20, 1834; prepared for col lege at Hopkins Classical School, Cambridge, Massa chusetts; graduated at Harvard College in 1856: was principal teacher at the Chicopee High School 1856- 1865; studied law with Hon. Charles Kobinson, jun. ; was admitted to the bar at Cambridge, Massachu setts; commenced practice at Chicopee in 1866: was a member of the Massachusetts House of Represen tatives in 1874, and of the State Senate in 1876: and was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Forty-fifth Congress as a Republican, receiving 11,922 votes against 9,760 votes for Chester W. Cha- pin, Democrat, serving from October 15, 1877. Robinson, James C., was born in Edgar Coun ty, Illinois, in 1822; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1834; served as a private in the Mexi- STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 601 can war; was elected a representative from Illinois in the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Democrat, receiv ing 13,588 votes against 11,700 votes for Oglesby, Republican; was re-elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress, receiving 19,233 votes against 10,298 votes for Cunningham, Republican ; was re-elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, receiving 13,644 votes against 5,523 votes for Hicks, Republican, serving from De cember 5, 1859, to March 3, 1805 ; was again elected to the Forty-second Congress as a Democrat, receiv ing 13,072 votes against 12,448 votes for J. Merriam, Republican, and 1,175 votes for Minier, Prohibition ist; and was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress, receiving 13,234 votes against 12,311 votes for M. II. Chamberlain, Republican, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1875. Robinson, James W., was born in Union County, Ohio, November 28, 1820; graduated at Jef ferson College, Pennsylvania, in 1848, and at the Cincinnati Law College in 1851, and practised law at Marysville ; was elected a member of the House of Representatives iu the legislature of Ohio in 1858, 180vJ, and 1804; and was elected a representative from Ohio in the Forty-third Congress as a Repub lican, receiving 13,573 votes against 13,140 votes for G. W. Morgan, Democrat, and 229 votes for C. W. Townsend, Prohibitionist, serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1875; was defeated as the Repub lican candidate for the Forty-fourth Congress, re ceiving 11,199 votes against 11,627 votes for Earley F. Poppleton, Democrat, and 1,045 votes for Harrod, Prohil itionist. Robinson, John L., was born in Kentucky; received a good English education; removed to Rush County, Indiana, and located at Rushvillc; was elected a representative from Indiana in the Thir tieth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 7,9US votes against 7,422 votes for P. A. Hacklemau, Whig ; was re-elected to the Thirty-first Congress, receiving 8,120 votes against 7,343 votes for Robinson, Whig; was re-elected to the Thirty-second Congress, receiv ing 8,242 votes against 8,173 votes for Watts, Whig, serving from December 6, 1817, to March 3, 1853; was appointed in 1853 by President Buchanan United- States marshal for the (Southern District of Indiana, and held the position until his death at Rushville March 21, 1800. Robinson, John M., was born in 1793; received a public-school education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Carmi, Illi nois; was a judge of the State Supreme Court; was elected a United-States senator from Illinois (in place of John McLean, deceased) as a Democrat, serving from January 4, 1831, to March 3, 1841; died at Ottawa, Illinois, April 20, 1843. Robinson, Jonathan (brother of Moses Robin son), was born at Hardwick, Massachusetts, in 1745; received an. academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Ben- nington, Vermont; was chief justice of Vermont 1S01-18J7; was elected United-States senator from Vermont (in place of Israel Smith, resigned), serving from October 20, 1807, to March 2, 1815; died at Ben- iiington, Vermont, November 3, 1819. Robinson, Milton S., was born at Versailles, Indiana, April 20, 1832; received a common-school education; studied law with his father at Greens- burg, Indiana, and commenced practice at Anderson in 1851 ; was a presidential elector on the Republican ticket in 1850; was appointed director of the North ern Indiana State Prison in 1801, but resigned after a brief term of service ; entered the Union army in September, 1801, as lieutenant-colonel of the Forty- seventh Indiana Volunteer Infantry; was promoted colonel of the Seventy-lifth Indiana Volunteer In fantry in 1802, and was subsequently brevetted briga dier-general ; was elected State senator 1866-1870; was a delegate to the National Republican Conven tion at Philadelphia iu 1872; and was elected a rep resentative i roiu Indiana in the Forty-fourth Con gress as a Republican, receiving 12,471 votes against 12,017 votes for Edmond Johnson, Inflation Demo crat; and was re-elected to the Forty-iifth Congress, receiving 17,403 votes against 17,127 votes for Cham bers, Democrat, serving from December 6, 1875. Robinson, Moses (brother of Jonathan Robin son), was born at Hardwick, Massachusetts, March 2(5, 1741 ; received a classical education ; removed to Vermont with his father; studied law, and practised ; was chief justice of Vermont in 1778; was governor of Vermont 1789-1790 ; was elected a United-States senator from Vermont as a Democrat, serving from October 24, 1791, to March, 1790, when he resigned; died at Bennington, Vermont, May 26, 1813. Robinson, Orville, was born in New York ; re sided at Mexico; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1834. 1836, and 1837; was elected a representative from New York iu the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 7,819 votes against 0,598 votes for Duer, Whig, and 956 votes for Jackson, Abolitionist, serving from De cember 4, 1843, to March 3, 1845 ; was again elected a member of the State House of Representatives in 1856. Robinson, Thomas, jun., was born in Sussex County, Delaware; was elected a representative from Delaware in the Twenty-sixth Congress, defeating Millegan, serving from December 2, 183 .), to March 3, 1841 ; died at Georgetown, Delaware, after an illness of four years, October 28, 1843. Robinson, William B., was born near Cooks- town, Ireland, May 6, 1814; immigrated to this country in 1836; graduated at Yale College, Con necticut, and was a student at the Yale Law School ; was a writer for " The New- York Tribune " over the signature of "Richelieu," and for other journals; was editor of "The People;" practised law; was United-States assessor of internal revenue from 1802 until 1807; was elected a representative from New York in the Fortieth Congress as a Democrat, receiv ing 12,634 votes against 10,803 votes for Chittenden, Republican, serving from March 4, 1867, to March 3, 1869. Robison, David P., was born in Pennsyl vania; resided at Chambersburg ; was elected a rep resentative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-fourth Congress as a Whig, receiving 9,641 votes against 9,025 votes for lieilly, Democrat, serving from De cember 3, 1855, to March 3, 1857. Rochester, William B., was born in Washing ton County, Maryland ; received an academical edu cation; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Bath, New York; was elected a representative from New York in the Seventeenth Congress, serving from December 3, 1821, to March 3, 1823; was appointed a State circuit-judge April 21, 1833, but resigned in 1836, and was defeated as can didate for governor, receiving 90,135 votes against 99,785 votes for De Witt Clinton; he was lost when the steamer " Pulaski " was wrecked off the coast of iNorth Carolina, June 15, 1838. Rockhill, William, was born in New Jersey; removed to Indiana, and settled at Fort Wayne; was elected a representative from Indiana in the Thirtieth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 0,017 votes against 0,441 votes for Ewing, Whig, serving from December 6, 1847, to March 3, 1849. Rockwell, John A., was born at Norwich, Connecticut, in 1804; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1822; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Nor wich ; was twice elected a member of the State Sen ate ; was judge of the County Court ; was elected a representative from Connecticut in the Twenty-ninth Congress as a Whig, receiving 5,734 votes against 5,391 votes for Catlin, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirtieth Congress, receiving 0,112 votes against 5,578 votes for Billings, Democrat, and 654 votes Abolition and scattering, serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1849; was defeated as the Whig 602 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. candidate for the Thirty-first Congress, receiving 5,992 votes against 6,140 votes for Cleveland, Demo crat; practised in the Court of Claims at Washing ton, District of Columbia, where he died of apoplexy February 10, 1861. necticut tion, gr;i at the New-Haven Law School ; was admitted to the bar in 1829, and commenced practice at Pittsfield, Massachusetts, in 1830; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1834 to 1838, serving the last three years as speaker; was a State bank com missioner 1838-1840; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-ninth Con gress; was re-elected to the Thirtieth Congress, re ceiving 5,714 votes against 4,138 votes for Byington, Democrat, and 912 votes scattering; was re-elected to the Thirty-first Congress, receiving 5,865 votes against 3,220 votes for Plunkett, Democrat, and 2,325 votes for Sedgwick, Democrat, serving from February 2, 1844, to March 3, 1851 ; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention in 1853 ; was appointed a United-States senator from Massachusetts (in place of Edward Everett, resigned), serving from June 15, 1854, to February 10, 1855, when Henry Wilson, hav ing been elected, took his seat; was a presidential elector on the Fillmore ticket in 1856 ; was again a member of the State House of Representatives in 1858; was appointed a judge of the Superior Court of Massachusetts in 1859. Rodman, William, was born at Bensalem, Pennsylvania, October 7, 1757; received a liberal edu cation; served in the Revolutionary war; commanded a company during the Whiskey Insurrection in West ern Pennsylvania ; was for many years a member of the State legislature ; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twelfth Congress, serving from November 4, 1811, to March 3, 1813; died at Bensalem, Pennsylvania, July 27, 1824. Rodney, Caesar (uncle of Caesar A. Rodney), was born at Dover, Delaware, in 1730; received a liberal education; studied law, and was admitted to the bar; was appointed high sheriff of Kent County in 1758, and, at the end of his term of service, was created a justice of the peace and a judge of the lower courts ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1762 ; was a delegate from Mary land to the Stamp- Act Congress in 1765 ; was again a member of the State House of Representatives, serv ing as speaker for several years; was a delegate to the Continental Congress in 1774; entered the Revo lutionary army (although he had lost his right eye from cancer, and was troubled with asthma), and commanded a regiment of minute-men in 1775; was again elected a delegate to the Continental Congress, serving 1777-1778; was also brigadier-general com manding the Delaware line ; was again elected a dele gate to the Continental Congress, but, before he took his seat, he was chosen president of Delaware, serv- ing_1778-1782: died in 1784. Rodney, Caesar A. (nephew of Caesar Rodney), was born in Delaware ; received a liberal education ; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Wilmington, Delaware ; was an active Freemason ; was elected a representative from Delaware in the Eighth Congress as a Democrat, serving from Octo ber 17, 1803, to March 3, 1805; was appointed by President Jefferson attorney-general of the United States, and continued by President Madison, serving from January 20, 1807, to December 11, 1811; com manded a battalion of Delaware volunteers, which marched to the defence of Baltimore in 1812; was sent to South America by President Monroe as one of the commissioners to investigate and report on the propriety of recognizing the independence of the Spanish-American republics, which he advocated on his return; was again elected to the Seventeenth Congress, serving from December 3, 1821, to January 24, 1822, when, having been elected a United-States senator from Delaware, he took his seat in the Sen ate, serving until January 27, 1823, when he resigned, laving been commissioned minister plenipotentiary x> Buenos Ayres; he died at his post June 14, 1831. Rodney, Daniel, was born in Delaware in 1764; was a presidential elector in 1809 ; was governor of Delaware 1814-1817; received the electoral vote of Delaware for Vice-President in 1821 ; was elected a representative from Delaware in the Seventeenth ~ ongress (in place of Caesar A. Rodney, elected sena tor), serving from December 2, 1822, to March 3, 1823 ; was appointed a United-States senator from Delaware [in place of Nicholas Van Dyke, deceased), serving from December 4, 1826, to January 23, 1827, when the elected successor of Mr. Van Dyke took his seat; died September 2, 1846. Rodney, George B., was born at New Castle, Delaware, in 1803; received a classical education, jraduating at Princeton College in 1820 ; was elected a representative from Delaware in the Twenty-sev- nth Congress as a Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-eighth Congress, receiving 5,467 votes against 5,458 votes for Jones, Democrat, serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1845; was a delegate to the Peace Congress at Washington in 1861. Rodney, Thomas, was born in Delaware ; was a delegate from Delaware to the Continental Congress 1781-1783 and 1785-1787; was appointed in 1803, by President Jefferson, United-States judge for the Ter ritory of Mississippi ; became a land-owner in Jeffer son County, where the town of Rodney was named in honor of him ; died there in 1811. Rogers, Andrew J., was born at Hamburg, New Jersey, July 1, 1828; received a public-school education; taught school, during which time he studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1852, and commenced practice; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 12,791 votes against 10,024 votes for Linn, Republican ; was re-elected to the Thirty- ninth Congress, receiving 14,059 votes against 12,173 votes for Little, Republican, serving from December 7, 1863, to March 3, 1867. Rogers, Anthony A. C., was born in Sumner County, Tennessee, February 14, 1821; received a limited education in a country school until he was fifteen years old, when he was employed as clerk in a dry-goods store until the age of twenty-two, after which he was largely engaged in mercantile pursuits, being one of the most prosperous merchants in the South- West; he removed to Arkansas in 1854, and in 1861 was the candidate of the Union men for dele gate to the State Convention, where he earnestly op posed secession ; he was arrested for his loyalty to the General Government, imprisoned, and forced to give bonds to answer the charge of "treason against the Confederate Government ; " he was elected to the Thir ty-eighth Congress in 1864 by the loyal men of his district ; was not permitted to take his seat, his State not having been legally reconstructed ; and he was elected a representative from Arkansas in the Forty- first Congress as the "People s candidate" (although he had been for years identified with the Republican party), receiving 6,518 votes against 5,332 votes for Elliot, Republican, serving from March 4, 1869, to March 3, 1871 ; was defeated as the Democratic can didate for the Forty-second Congress, receiving 8,357 votes against 12,742 votes for Oliver P. Snyder, Re publican. Rogers, Charles, was born in New York; re ceived a public-school education; resided at Sandy Hill ; was a member of the State House of Represen tatives in 1833 and 1837; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Whig, receiving 6,143 votes against 2,263 votes for Hunter, Democrat, and 248 votes for Corliss, Aboli tionist, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1845. Rogers, Edward, was born in Connecticut in STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 603 17S7; received an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Madison, New York; was for many years county- jiulge for Madison County; was elected a representa tive from New York in the Twenty-sixth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 9,G99 votes against 9,015 votes for Victory Birdseye, Whig, serving from De cember, 1839, to March 3, 1841 ; died at Galway, New York, May 23, 1857. Rogers, James, was born in South Carolina; received a classical education, graduating at South- Carolina College in 1813; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Yorkville; was elected a representative from South Carolina in the Twenty-fourth Congress as a Union Democrat, receiving 4,213 votes against 4,038 votes for W. K. Clowney, Nullifier, serving from December 7, 1835, to March 3, 1837 ; was defeated by Clowney as a can didate for the Twenty-fifth Congress; removed to Maybington, South Carolina; was again elected to the Twenty-sixth Congress; was re-elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress, serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1843. Rogers, John, was born in Maryland ; was a delegate from that State to the Continental Congress 1775-1776; was chancellor of Maryland ; died at An napolis October 7, 1789. Rogers, John, was born at Caldwell, New York, May 9, 1813; received a public-school education; was a manufacturer, merchant, and general-business man ; declined public office except to serve as super visor of the town of Blackbrook, where he resided for nine or ten years ; was elected a representative from New York in the Forty-second Congress as a Democrat, receiving 9,444 votes against 9,272 votes for Williams, Republican, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1873. Rogers, Sion H., was born in Wake County, North Carolina, September 30, 1825 ; received a clas sical education, graduating at the North-Carolina University in 1846; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1848, and commenced practice at Raleigh ; was elected a representative from North Carolina in the Thirty-third Congress as a Whig, receiving 4,201 votes against 4,134 votes for Venable, Demo crat, serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855; served in the Confederate army as colonel of the Forty-seventh North-Carolina Infantry; was again elected to the Forty-second Congress, serving from May 23, 1872, to March 3, 1873 ; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Forty-third Con gress, receiving 13,146 votes against 13,870 votes for William A. Smith, Republican; died at Raleigh, North Carolina, August 14, 1874. Rogers, Thomas J., was born at Waterford, Ireland, in 1781; immigrated to the United States in 1784; learned the art of printing, and for many years published and edited a political newspaper; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Fifteenth Congress (in place of John Ross, resigned) as a Democrat ; was re-elected to the Sixteenth, Sev enteenth, and Eighteenth Congresses, serving from March 24, 1818, to April 26, 1824, when he resigned, having been appointed register and recorder of deeds for Northampton County, Pennsylvania; died at New- York City December 7, 1832. Rollins, Edward H., was born at Somersworth (now llollinford), New Hampshire, October 3, 1824; received an academic education, and engaged in mer cantile pursuits; was chairman of the Republican State Committee of New Hampshire at its original organization, and for many succeeding years ; was a member of the State legislature in 1855, 1856, and 1857, serving the last two years as speaker of the House; was chairman of the New-Hampshire delega tion at the National Republican Convention at Chi cago in I860 which nominated Lincoln and Hamlin; was elected a representative from New Hampshire in the Thirty-seventh Congress as a Republican, receiv ing 10,768 votes against 9,791 votes for Bell, Demo crat; was re-elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, receiving 10.365 votes against 9,999 votes for John H. George, Democrat ; and was re-elected to the Thirty- ninth Congress, receiving 10,984 votes against 8,894 votes for Clark, Democrat, serving from July 4, 1861, to March 3, 1807; was elected a United-States senator from New Hampshire, serving from March 4, 1877. Rollins, James Sidney, was born in Madison County, Kentucky, April 19, 1812; received a clas sical education, graduating at the University of Indi ana in 1830; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Boone County, Missouri ; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1840-1844, of the State Senate 1846-1850, and again of the House 1854-1856; was defeated as the Whig candidate for governor in 1857; was elected a repre sentative from Missouri in the Thirty-seventh Con gress as a Conservative, receiving 11,161 votes against 10,908 votes for Henderson, Democrat ; was re-elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, receiving 7,700 votes against 2,797 votes for Krekel, Emancipationist, serv ing from July 4, 1861, to March 3, 1865. Roman, J. Dixon, was born in Maryland; re ceived an academical education; studied law; -was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Hagerstown; was president of the Hagerstown Bank; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Thirtieth Congress as a Whig, receiving 7,136 votes against 6.818 votes for Shriver, Democrat, serving from December 6, 1847, to March 3, 1849; was a presidential elector on the Taylor and Fillmore ticket in 1849, and on the Buchanan and Breckinridge ticket in 1857; died near Hagerstown, Maryland, January 19, 1867. Romero, Trinidad, was born at Santa Fe, New Mexico, June 15, 1835; received a common-school education ; became interested in merchandise and stock-raising ; was a member of the Territorial House of Representatives in 1863; was elected probate judge of San Miguel County in 1867, serving until he re signed ; and was elected a delegate from the Territory of New Mexico in the Forty-fifth Congress as a Re publican, receiving 9,591 votes against 7,418 votes for Pedro Valdez, Democrat, serving from October 15, 1877. Roosevelt, James I., was born at New York December 14, 1796; received a classical education, graduating at Columbia College in 1815; studied law with Peter Augustus Jay; was admitted to the bar in 1818, and commenced practice at New York ; was a member of the common council in 1828-1830 ; re turned in 1831, and resumed practice; was a commis sioner of the almshouse and several other charitable institutions; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1835, and again in 1840 ; was elected a representative from New York in the Twen ty-seventh Congress as a Democrat, receiving 22,010 votes against 20,996 votes for Moses H. Grinnell, Whig, serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1843; declined a renomination in consequence of family bereavements, and made a second visit to Europe; devoted five or six years to the cultivation of his farm in Westchester County, New York, for his health ; was elected in 1851 justice of the Supreme Court for the New- York District, and served until 1859, occu pying one year, ex officio, a seat in the Court of Ap peals; was appointed by President Buchanan United- States attorney for the Southern District of New York ; retired to private life ; had a fall in his room, by which the neck of the thigh-bone was broken; and died soon afterwards at New York, April 5, 1875. Roosevelt, Robert B., was born in the city of New York in 1829; was educated as a lawyer, and practised at the bar of New York for twenty years; was appointed commissioner of fisheries for the State of New York in 1868, a position he still holds ; has edited " The New- York Citizen " since 1868; and was elected a representative from New York in the Forty- second Congress as a Democrat, receiving 10,702 votes against 5,501 votes for M. T. McMahou, Independent 604 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Democrat, and 790 votes for Leggatt, Republican, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1873. Has published "Game-Fish of the North," "Superior Fishing," " Game-Birds of the North," "Five Acres Too Much," and other works. Root, Erastus, was born at Hebron, Connecti cut, March 16, 1772; received a classical education, graduating at Dartmouth College in 1793; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice at Delhi, New York; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1798-1802; was elected a representative from New York in the Eighth Con gress as a Democrat, serving from October 17, 1803, to March 3, 1805 ; was again elected to the Eleventh Congress, serving from May 22, 1809, to March 3, 1811; was a member of the State Senate 1812-1815; was again elected to the Fourteenth Congress (having successfully contested the election of John Adams), serving from December 13, 1815, to March 3, 1817; was again a member of the State House of Repre sentatives 1818-1822; was elected lieutenant-governor in 1822, but was badly defeated by General Talmadge in the exciting canvass of 1823 ; was again a member of the House in 1830 ; was again elected to the Twen ty-second Congress, serving from December 5, 1831, to March 2, 1833; was defeated as the Whig candidate to the Twenty-sixth Congress, receiving 4.284 votes against 5,072 votes for Judson Allen, Democrat; was major-general of militia ; was again a member of the State Senate 1840-1844; died very suddenly at New- York City, while on his way to visit the family of his son-in-law at Washington, December 24, 1846. Root, Jesse, was born at Coventry, Connecti cut, January, 1737; received a classical education, graduating at Princeton College in 1756; studied the ology, and preached, but turned his attention to the law ; was admitted to the bar in 1763, and commenced practice at Hartford, Connecticut; took part in the Revolution as lieutenant-colonel ; was a delegate from Connecticut to the Continental Congress 177S-1783; was appointed a judge of the Superior Court in 1789, and its chief justice in 1796, serving until he resigned in 1807 ; was a member of the State House of Repre sentatives; died at Coventry, Connecticut, April 5, 1822. He published "Reports of Cases adjudged in the Court of Errors of Connecticut," in two vol umes. Root, Joseph M., was born at Brutus, New York, October 7, 1817; received a thorough English education; studied law at Auburn; was admitted to the bar in 1829, and commenced practice at Norwalk, Ohio; was prosecuting-attorney of Huron County; was a member of the State Senate in 1840; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Twenty- ninth Congress as an Independent Whig; was re- elected to the Thirtieth Congress; was re-elected to the Thirty-first Congress, receiving 8,434 votes against 6,077 votes for Stone, Democrat, serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1851; resumed prac tice at Norwalk. Roots, Logan H., was born in Perry County, Illinois, March 2(5, 1841; was principal of the high school at Duquoin the winter previous to reaching his majority, and graduated with the first honors of his class at the Illinois State Normal University in 1862 ; at once thereafter took an active part in re cruiting the Eighty-first Illinois Volunteers; was soon commissioned, and served until promoted by an appointment as a staff-officer of United-States volunteers, under which he was chief depot-commis sary for the combined armies commanded by General Sherman on the "march to the sea;" served in other responsible positions until the close of the war in 1865; then settled in Arkansas, and engaged in cotton-planting and trading; upon the passage of the reconstruction acts in 1867, took a bold and promi nent position in favor of the reconstruction of the State; was elected a representative from Arkansas in the Fortieth Congress by a large majority, and was the youngest member of that body ; was elected to the Forty-first Congress as a Republican, receiving 7,151 votes against 6,684 votes for Cameron, Demo crat, serving from June 24, 1868, to March 3, 1871; was defeated as the Republican candidate for the Forty-second Congress, receiving 7,748 votes against 9,318 votes for James M. Hauks, Democrat. Rose, Robert L., was born at Geneva, New York, October 12, 18U4; devoted himself to agricul tural pursuits, and cultivated a farm at Allen s Hill; was for many years town supervisor ; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirtieth Con gress as a Clay Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-first Congress, receiving 7,816 votes against 4,659 votes for Garlingho, Van Buren Democrat, and 2,166 votes for Parburt, Cass Democrat, serving from December 6, 1847, to March 3, 1850. Rose, Robert S., was born in Henrico County, Virginia, in 1772; removed to New York, and settled at Geneva; was a member of the State House of Rep resentatives in 1811, 1820, and 1821; was elected a representative from New York in the Eighteenth Congress; was re-elected to the Nineteenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1823, to March 3, 1827; was again elected to the Twenty-first Congress, serv ing from December 7, 1829, to March 3, 1831 ; died at Waterloo, New York, November 24, 1835. Ross, David, was born in Maryland, and was a delegate from that State to the Continental Congress 178(5-1787. Ross, Edmund. GK, was born at Ashland, Ohio, December 7, 1826; learned the art of printing at Huron, Ohio, and, after having been foreman of " The Milwaukee Sentinel," went to Kansas at the commencement of the troubles there, and became editor of " The Kansas Tribune," at that time the only free-State paper in the Territory, all others hav ing been destroyed ; was a member of the Constitu tional Convention of 1859 which framed the present constitution of the State; entered the Union army as a private soldier, and was promoted to the rank of major in the war for the suppression of the Rebellion ; was appointed United-States senator from Kansas as a Republican (to fill the vacancy occasioned by the death of James H. Lane, deceased), serving from July 25, 1866, to March 4, 1871. Ross, George, was born at New Castle, Dela ware, in 1730; received an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1751, and commenced practice at Lancaster, Pennsylvania; was a member of the Colonial House of Representa tives in 1768; was a delegate from Pennsylvania to the Continental Congress 1774-1777; took an active part in re-organizing the government of Pennsyl vania; was appointed, in April, 1779, judge of the Court of Admiralty for Pennsylvania; died at Lan caster, Pennsylvania, from an attack of the gout, July 16, 1779. Ross, Henry H., was born in Essex County, New York ; received a classical education, graduat ing at Columbia College, N#>v York, in 1808; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice at Essex, New York; was elected a representa tive from New York in the Nineteenth Congress as a Whig, serving from December 5, 1825, to March 3, 1827 ; was county-judge of Essex County in 1847 and 1848; was presidential elector on the Taylor and Fillmore ticket in 1848; died at Essex, New York, September 13, 1862. Ross, James, was born in York County, Penn sylvania, July 12, 1762; received an academical edu cation; taught school at Canonsburg; studied law at Philadelphia; was admitted to the bar in 1784. and commenced practice at Philadelphia; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention of 1790; was defeated as the Federal candidate for governor of Pennsylvania in 1799 by Thomas McKean, Demo crat; was elected a United-States senator from Penn sylvania as a Federalist, serving from April 24, 1794, to March 3, 1803 ; died at his residence, near Pitts- burg, Pennsylvania, November 27, 1847. STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 605 Ross, John, was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Eleventh Congress, serving from May 22, 1809, to March 3, 1811 ; was again elected to the Fourteenth Congress ; was re-elected to the Fif teenth Congress, serving from December 4, 1815, to February 24, 1818, when he resigned, having accepted the appointment of president-judge of the judicial district in which he resided. Ross, Lewis W., was born in Seneca County, New York, December 8, 1812; was educated at the Illinois College; studied and practised law; was a member of the State legislature of Illinois in 1840, 1841, 1844, and 1845; was a presidential elector in 1848 ; was a member of the Constitutional Conven tion of Illinois in 1801 ; was elected a representative from Illinois in the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 13,391 votes against no opposi tion; was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiving 15,296 votes against 12,239 votes for Fuller- ton, Republican ; was re-elected to the Fortieth Con gress, receiving 15,490 votes against 14,721 votes for Lippencott, serving from December 7, 1803, to Manh 3, 1809. RO33, Miles, was born in Raritati Township, Middlesex County, New Jersey, April 30, 1828; re ceived a practical English education; was for many years engaged with his father in the vessel business, but became a wholesale coal-merchant, and also largely interested in vessel property; filled nearly all of the local positions of his neighborhood ; was for two years a member oi the State legislature of New Jersey; was elected a representative from New Jer sey in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 15,682 votes against 13,029 votes for Amos Clark, jun., Republican; and was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 18,525 votes against 15.359 votes for Atherton, Republican, serving from December 0, 1875. Ross, Sobieski, was born at Coudersport, Penn sylvania. May 10, 1828; was educated as a surveyor and civil engineer, but became engaged in settling a large body of land in severnl of the northern coun ties of Pennsylvania; was also a farmer; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Forty- third Congress as a Republican, receiving 17,041 votes against-< 14,627 votes for II. Sherwood, Demo crat ; and was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Congress, receiving 10,600 votes against 9,831 votes for II. W. Early, Democrat, serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1877; lost his health, and, after having been despondent for some months, shot himself through the heart in the barn near his dwelling at Couders port. Pennsylvania, October 25, 1877. Ross, Thomas, was born in Pennsylvania; re ceived a classical education, graduating at Princeton College in 1825 ; resided at Doylestown ; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty- first Congress as a Democrat, receiving 8,043 votes against 7,722 votes for Taylor, Whig; was re-elected to the Thirty-second Congress, receiving 7,568 votes against 7,328 votes for Taylor, Whig, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1853. Ross, Thomas R., was born in 1789; received an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Lebanon, Ohio ; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Sixteenth Congress, receiving 2,864 votes against 1,003 votes for J. H. Piatt, and 1,287 votes for Ethan Stone ; was re-elected to the Seventeenth and Eigh teenth Congresses, serving from December 6, 1819, to March 3, 1825 ; retired from practice in 1849, and engaged in agricultural pursuits; lost his eyesight in 1806; died on his farm, near Lebanon, Ohio, June 28, 1809. Rousseau, Lovell H., was born near Stanford, Kentucky, August 4, 1818; received a public-school education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1841, and commenced practice at Bloomfield, Indiana; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1844 and 1845 ; served in the Mexican war as cap tain in the Second Indiana Regiment, and dis tinguished himself at Buena Vista; was elected to the State Senate of Indiana; returned to Kentucky, and commenced practice at Louisville ; was a mem ber of the State Senate of Kentucky; entered the Union army, and served prominently in the Army of the Cumberland; commanded his brigade in it on the inarch to Nashville, and led it at^Pittsburg Landing; shared its rough fortunes at Perryville; won a division at Stone River; was in the Tulla- homa campaign in the movement on Chattanooga, and at Chickamauga; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Thirty-ninth Congress as a Republican, defeating Robert Mallory, Democrat, serving from December 4, 1865, to July 21, 1866, when he resigned, having personally assaulted Rep resentative Grinnell of Iowa in the Capitol; was subsequently re-elected at a new election, and took his seat Decembers, 1806, serving to March 3, 1807; was appointed by President Johnson brigadier-gen eral in the regular army assigned to duty at Alaska; he visited some friends at New Orleans before start ing, and his conduct led General Sheridan, who was in command there, to make complaint against him ; returned from Alaska to testify in the impeachment trial, and was subsequently assigned to the command from which Sheridan was removed; died at New Orleans January 7, 1809. Rowan, John, was born in Pennsylvania in 1773 ; removed, when young, to Louisville, Kentucky, where he studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and practised ; wr.s secretary of the State of Kentucky in 1804; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Tenth Congress, serving from January 9, 1809, to March 3, 1809; was judge of the Court of Appeals in 1819; was grand orator of the grand lodge of Free masons of Kentucky in 1820; was elected a United- States senator from Kentucky, serving from Decem ber 5, 1825, to March 3, 1831 ; was minister to Naples from January 3, 1848, to January 1, 1850; died at Louisville, Kentucky, July 13, 1853. Rowe, Peter, was born in New York; resided at Schenoctady; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 10,910 votes against 10,057 votes for Miller, Whig, serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855. Royce, Homer E., was born at Berkshire, Vermont, in 1819; received a public-school educa tion ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar in 1842, and commenced practice at Berkshire, Vermont; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1840 and 1847; was State prosecuting-attorney in 1848; was a State senator in 1849-1851; was elected a representative from Vermont in the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Republican, receiving 9,110 votes against 3,134 votes for Bingham, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving 7,418 votes against 3,280 votes for Bingham, Demo crat, serving from December 7, 1857, to March 3, 1861 ; is a judge of the Supreme Court of Vermont. Rufnn, Thomas, was born in Edgecombe Coun ty, North Carolina; received a classical education, graduating at Chapel-Hill University ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Goldsborough ; was circuit-attorney 1844-1848; was elected a representative from North Carolina in the Thirty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 5,812 votes against 2,653 votes for Loftin, Independent Democrat ; was re-elected to the Thirty-fourth Con gress, receiving 6,739 votes against 3,464 votes for Latham, American; was re-elected to the Thirty- fifth Congress, receiving 6,040 votes against 016 scat tering votes; was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Con gress, receiving 4,382 votes against 476 scattering votes, serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1801 ; retired from the House on the secession of North Carolina; was a delegate to the Provisional Congress of the Confederate States which met at Richmond in July, 1861 ; served in the Confederate 606 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. army, and died, as the result of a wound received some days previous, at Alexandria, Virginia, Octo ber 8, 1803. Buggies, Benjamin, was bora in Wlndham County, Connecticut, in 17(53; received an academical education; taught school; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Marietta, Ohio, removing afterwards to St. Clairsville; was a devoted member of the Masonic fraternity; was elected in 1810 president-judge of the Court of Com mon Pleas for the Third Judicial Circuit ; was elected a United-States senator from Ohio as a Democrat, and twice re-elected, serving from March 4, 1815, to March 2, 1833; was a presidential elector on the Harrison ticket in 1836; died at St. Clairsville, Ohio, September 2, 1837. Ruggles, Charles H., was born in Litchfleld County, Connecticut, in 1790; received an academi cal education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Kingston, New York; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1820; was elected a representative from New York in the Seventeenth Congress, serving from December 3, 1821, to March 3, 1823; was a judge of the Dutch- ess-county Circuit Court; was again a member of the State House of Representatives; was elected a judge of the Court of Appeals November 8, 1853, and resigned August 30, 1855 ; died at Poughkeep- sie, New York, June 16, 1865. Ruggles, John, was born at Westborough, Mas sachusetts, in 1700; received a classical education, graduating at Brown University in 1813; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in 1815 at Skowhegan, Maine, but removed to Thomas- ton in 1818; was a member of the State House of Rep resentatives 1823-1831, and speaker of the House 1825- 1829, and again in 1831 ; he resigned the speakership in 1831 to accept the position of judge of the District Court of Maine (made vacant by the election of Judge S. E. Smith as governor) ; was elected a United-States senator from Maine (in the place of Peleg Sprague, resigned) as a Democrat, serving from February 6, 1835, to March 3, 1841 ; retiring from political life, he engaged actively in the duties of his profession; and died at Thomaston, Maine, June 20, 1874. Ruggles, Nathaniel, was born in Massachu setts in 17(51; received a classical education, gradu ating at Harvard College in 1781; was elected a rep resentative from Massachusetts in the Thirteenth Congress as a Federalist, defeating Seaver, War can didate; was re-elected to the Fourteenth and Fif teenth Congresses, serving from May 24, 1813, to March 3, 1819; died at Roxbury, Massachusetts, De cember 19, 1819. Rumsey, Benjamin, was born in Maryland; and was a delegate from that State in the Continen tal Congress 1785-17o7. Ramsey, David, jun., was born in New York; resided at Bath; held several offices in Steuben County; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirtieth Congress as a Whig; was re-elected to the Thirty-first Congress, receiving 7,282 votes against 5,938 votes for Grover, Van Buren Democrat, and 2,982 votes for Angel, Cass Democrat, serving from December (!, 1847, to March 3, 1*51. Rumsey, Edward, was born in Kentucky; re sided at Greenville ; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Whig, defeating Jones, Democrat, serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1839. Runk, John, was born in New Jersey ; resided at Kingwood ; was presidential elector in 1840 on the Harrison and Tyler ticket; was elected a representa tive from New Jersey in the Twenty-ninth Congress as a Whig, receiving 8,942 votes against 8,926 votes for Isaac G. Farlee, Democrat (who contested the seat, but the House refused to give it to him by the speaker s casting vote), serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1847. Rush, Benjamin, was born on Poquestion Creek, near Philadelphia, December 24, 1745; received a classical education, graduating at Princeton College in 1760: went abroad, and studied medicine at Edin burgh, London, and Paris, returning to commence practice at Philadelphia in August, 1709; held several professorships in the Philadelphia Medical College ; took an active part in pre-Revolutionary movements; was a delegate from Pennsylvania to the Continental Congress 1776-1777; entered the Revolutionary army as surgeon-general of the Middle Department; was made physician-general in July, 1777, and resigned in February, 177S; was a delegate to the State Conventions which adopted the Federal Constitution and framed a State Constitution ; was eminently successful in his treatment of the yellow- fever at Philadelphia in 1793; was treasurer of the United-States Mint at Philadelphia from 179: until his death at that city April 19, 1813. He published " Medical Inquiries and Observations " (in five vol umes), " Diseases of the Mind," and " Medical Tracts," besides numerous essays and medical pa pers. Rusk, Jeremiah M., was born in Morgan County, Ohio, June 17, 1830; received a public-school education; removed to Vernon County, Wisconsin, in 1853; held several county-offices; was a member of the Wisconsin State legislature of 1802 ; was com missioned major of the Twenty-fifth Wisconsin Vol unteers in July, 1862 ; was soon afterward promoted to the colonelcy; served with General Sherman from the siege of Vicksburg until mustered out at the close of the war, and was brevetted brigadier-general for meritorious services at the battle of Salkehatchie; was elected bank comptroller of Wisconsin for 1806- 1867, and re-elected for 1868^-1869; was elected a rep resentative from Wisconsin in the Forty-second Con gress as a Republican, -receiving 15,042 votes against 9,514 votes for A. Meggett, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress, receiving 16,183 votes against 8,547 votes for S. Marston, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Congress, receiv ing 13,637 votes against 10,133 votes for Fulton, Dem ocrat, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1877. Rusk, Thomas J., was born in South Carolina; received an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Georgia; removed to Texas in 1835; was a delegate to the convention that declared the independence of Texas in March, 1836; was the first secretary of war of the new republic ; was in the battle of San Jacinto, and took command after General Sam. Houston was wounded, retaining it until October, 1836, when he resumed his duties as secretary of war; was chief justice of the Supreme Court of Texas 1838-1842 ; was a delegate to, and president of, the convention that confirmed the annexation of Texas to the United States in 1845; was elected a United-States senator from Texas as a Democrat, serving from March 26, 1846, to July 29, 1856, when he committed suicide at Nacogdoches, Texas. Russ, John, was born at Ipswich, Massachusetts, in 17(54; received a public-school education; removed to Connecticut, and located at Hartford ; was elected a representative from Connecticut in the Sixteenth Congress as a Democrat ; was re-elected to the Sev enteenth Congress, serving from December 6, 1819, to March 3, 1823; died at Hartford, Connecticut, June 22, 1832. Russell, David, was born in Massachusetts in 1800; received a public-school education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice at Salem, New York; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1816 and 1830; was dis trict-attorney for the Northern Judicial District of New York; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-fourth Congress as a Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-fifth Congress ; was re-elect ed to the Twenty-sixth Congress, receiving 4,346 votes against 2,671 votes for John Williams, jun., Democrat, serving from December 7, 1835, to March STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 607 3, 1841; died at Salem, New York. November 24, 1861. Russell, James M., was born at York, Penn sylvania, November 10, 1780; received an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Bedford, Pennsylvania; Avas elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-seventh Congress (in place of Joseph Lawrence, deceased) as a Whig, serving from Janu ary 3, 1842, to March 3, 1843; died at Bedford, Penn sylvania, December 20, 1870. T Russell, Jeremiah, was born at Saugerties, New York, in 177(i; received a public-school "educa tion; was a presidential elector on the Van Baren ticket in 183o ; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 7,376 votes against 5,430 votes for Kiting, Whig, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1345; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Twenty-ninth Congress; died at Saugerties, New York, iu 1867. Russell, John, was born in New York; resided at Cooperstown, Otsego County; was elected a repre sentative from New York in the Ninth Congress; was re-elected to the Tenth Congress, serving from December 2, 1805, to March 3, 1809. Russell, Jonathan, was born at Providence, Rhode Island, in 1771; received a classical education, graduating at Brown University in 1791 ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar, but did not practise, and engaged in mercantile pursuits; was minister to Sweden and Norway January 18, 1814-October 16, 1818; was a commissioner to negotiate a treat j of peace with Ghent 1314 ; on his return home, settled at Mendon, Massachusetts, and took an active part in politics; was elected a representative from Massachu setts in the Seventeenth Congress as a Democrat, de feating Benjamin Adams, Federalist, serving from December 3, 1821, to March 3, 1823; died at Milton, Massachusetts, February 16, 1832. Russell, Joseph, was born in New York ; re sided at Warrensburg; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-ninth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 5,441 votes against 4,759 votes for Moore, Whig, serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1847 ; was again elected to the Thirty-sec ond Congress, receiving 5,506 votes against 5,324 votes for Tabor, Whig, serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 185 }. Russell, Samuel S., was born in Pennsylvania; resided at Bedford : was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-third Congress as a Whig, receiving 9,216 votes against 8,845 votes for Banner, Democrat, serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855. Russell, "William, was born in Ireland ; immi grated to Ohio ; resided at West Union ; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Twentieth Congress as a Jackson Democrat; was re-elected to the Twen ty-first and Twenty-second Congresses, serving from Decembei-3, 1827, to March 2, 1833; was defeated as a candidate for the Twenty-third Congress; removed to Portsmouth, Ohio; was again elected to the Twen ty-seventh Congress as a Whig, serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1343; died at Portsmouth, Ohio, October 2, 1845. Russell, William P., was born at Saugerties, New York; received a public-school education; en gaged in mercantile pursuits at Saugerties ; was elect ed a representative from New York in the Thirty- fifth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 6,878 votes against 5,902 votes for Fream, American, and 4,912 votes for Brodhead, Republican, serving from Decem ber 7, 1857, to March 3, 1859. Rust, Albert, was born in Virginia ; received an academic education ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and practised at El Dorado, Arkansas ; was elected a representative from Arkansas in the Thirty- fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving no regular opposition, serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1857; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Thirty-fifth Congress; was again elected to j the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving 16,302 votes against 3,104 votes for Jones, Independent, and 3,452 votes for Drew, Independent, serving from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 1861 ; served in the Confederate army as brigadier-general ; died April 3, 1870. ^Rutherford, John, was born at New York in 1700; received a classical education, graduating at New-Jersey College in 1776; studied law; was admit ted to the bar, and commenced practice at Edgerston, New Jersey; was a presidential elector in 1798, 1813, and 1821 ; was elected a United-States senator from New Jersey, serving from October 24, 1791, to Febru ary, 1798, when he resigned on account of ill health, and devoted himself to the cultivation of his large lauded estates ; died at Edgerston, New Jersey, Feb ruary 23, 1840. Rutherford, Robert, was a native of Virginia; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Third Congress; was re-elected to the Fourth Con gress, defeating General Daniel Morgan, serving from December 2, 1793, to March 3, 1797; was a candidate for re-election to the Fifth Congress, but was defeat ed by General Morgan, the House of Representatives sustaining a report from the Committee on Elections against his claim to the seat December 7, 1797. Rutledge, Edward, was born at Charleston, South Carolina, November, 1749; received an aca demical education; went to London in 1769, where he studied law at the Temple ; returned to Charles ton, where he commenced practice in 1773; was a delegate from South Carolina to the Continental Congress 1774-1777; was appointed a member of the first Board of War in June, 1776; served in the Revo lutionary war as captain of a company of volunteer artillery; was taken prisoner by the British when they occupied Charleston, and confined at St. Augus tine for a year before he was exchanged; resided near Philadelphia until the British evacuated Charles ton in 1782, when he returned to his home, and re sumed his practice; was elected governor of South Carolina in 1798, and held the office until his death, of gout, January 23, 1800. Rutledge, John (father of John Rutledge, jun. ), was born in Ireland in 1739; received a classical edu cation; studied law at the Temple at London, and commenced practice at Charleston in 1761; was a delegate from South Carolina to the Provincial Con gress at New York in 1765; was a delegate to the Continental Congress 1774-1777; was elected presi dent of South Carolina 1776-1778, and governor 1779- 1782 ; was again elected a delegate to Congress 1782- 1783; was elected one of the State chancellors in 1784 ; was a member of the State Convention to ratify the Federal Constitution; received the electoral vote of South Carolina for Vice-President in 1789; was ap pointed associate justice of the Supreme Court by President Washington, and confirmed by the Senate September 24, 1789, and resigned in 1791 ; was elect ed chief justice of South Carolina in 1790, and re signed in 1795, having been appointed by President Washington chief justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, but the Senate refused to confirm the nomination December 15, 1795 ; while on his way to hold the Circuit Court of North Carolina, he was taken sick December 1, and lost his reason, which had not been restored when he died in July, 1800. Rutledge, John, jun. (son of John Rutledge), was born in South Carolina in 1766; received a lib eral education; studied law with his father, and practised at Charleston, South Carolina; was elected a representative from South Carolina in the Fifth Congress as a Federalist ; was re-elected to the Sixth and Seventh Congresses, serving from May 15, 1797, to March 3, 1803; died at Philadelphia September 1, 1819. Ryall, D. B., was born at Trenton, New Jer sey; received an academical education ; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at 608 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Freehold, New Jersey; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Twenty-sixth Congress as a Democrat (an attempt made to contest his seat was unsuccessful), serving from March 10, 1840, to March 3, 1841. Ryan, Thomas, was bom at Oxford, New York, November 25, 1837 ; lived in Bradford County, Penn sylvania, from infancy until 18G5, when he removed to Topeka, Kansas, where he afterwards resided; re ceived an academic education ; entered the volunteer army of the United States in 1862, and was mustered out as a captain in the fall of 1864 on account of wounds received in the battle of the Wilderness; was admitted to the practice of law in 1861 ; was county- attorney in Kansas for eight successive years; was assistant United-States attorney for Kansas from 1873 to 1877 ; and was elected a representative from Kansas in the Forty-fifth Congress as a Republican, receiving 25,171 votes against 11,634 votes for Samuel J. Crawford, Democrat, serving from October 15, 1877. Sabin, Alvah, was born at Georgia, Vermont, October 23, 1793; received a classical education; studied theology; was for ten years a member of the State House of Representatives ; was secretary of state for Vermont in 1841; was elected a representative from Vermont in the Thirty-third Congress as a Whig, receiving 5,700 votes against 3,803 votes for Heywood, Democrat, and 294 votes for Kasson, Free-Soiler; was re-elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress, receiv ing 7,862 votes against 3,608 votes for Heywood, Democrat, and 33 scattering, serving from Decem ber 5, 1853, to March 3, 1857. Sabine, Lorenzo, was born at Lisbon, New Hampshire, February 28, 1803; received a public- school education ; engaged in mercantile pursuits at Eastport, Maine; served three years in the State House of Representatives of Maine ; removed to Mas sachusetts; was a special agent of the treasury de partment ; was elected a representative from Massa chusetts in the Thirty-second Congress (in place of Benjamin Thompson, deceased) as a Whig, serving from December 28, 1852, to March 3, 1853; resided iu Boston, where he died April 14, 1877. He pub lished "Life of Commodore Preble," "The Ameri can Loyalist," "Report on the Fisheries," "Notes on Duels and Duelling," and numerous historical and other essays published in the magazines and newspapers. Sackett, William A., was born in New York; resided at Seneca Falls; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-first Congress as a Whig, receiving 5,845 votes against 5,260 votes for Bascom, Democrat, and 1,820 for Bigelow, Cass Dem ocrat ; and was re-elected to the Thirty-second Con- ress, receiving G,305 votes against 5,814 votes for mith. Democrat, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1853. Sage, Ebenezer, was born in Connecticut; re ceived a classical education, graduating at Yale Col lege in 1778; removed to New York, and settled at Sag Harbor; was elected a representative from New York in the Eleventh Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Twelfth Congress, receiving a ma jority of 3,136 votes; was re-elected to the Thirteenth Congress, serving from May 22, 1809, to March 2, 1815 ; claimed to have been again elected to the Six teenth Congress, and took his seat, but the House gave it to James Guyon, jun., so that he only served from December 6, 1819, to January 14, 1820; died at Sag Harbor, New York, January 20, 1834. Sage, Russell, was born in Oneida County, New York, August 4, 1816; received a public-school edu cation ; engaged in mercantile pursuits at Troy, New York; was an alderman of that city 1841-1848; was for some years treasurer of Rensselaer County ; was elected a representative from New York in the Thir ty-third Congress as a Whig, receiving 6,583 votes against 6,185 votes for Seymour, Democrat, and 149 votes for Sherman, Free-Soiler; was re-elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress, receiving 6,954 votes against 2,075 votes for Clum, Democrat, aud 1,971 for Cook, Democrat, serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1857. Sailly, Peter, was born in Lorraine, France ; immigrated to the United States in 1783, and located at Plattsburg, New York, where he engaged in busi ness ; was elected a representative from New York in the Ninth Congress as a Democrat, serving from De cember 2, 1805, to March 3, 1807: was appointed by President Jefferson collector of customs at Platts burg in 1807, and held the office until he died there May 2, 1826. Saltonstall, Leverett, was born at Haverhill, Massachusetts, June 13, 1783; received a classical education, graduating at Harvard College in 1802; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Salem in 1805; was defeated as the Whig candidate from the Essex South District in 1820; was a member of the State Senate in 1831 ; was mayor of Salem 4836-1838; was a presidential elector on the Webster ticket in 1837; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Twenty-fifth Congress (in place of Stephen C. Phillips, resigned) as a Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-sixth and Twenty-sev enth Congresses, serving from December 5, 1838, to March 3, 1843; was an active member of the Massa chusetts Historical Society, the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, and other literary and histori cal associations ; died at Salem, Massachusetts, May 8, 1845. He published an " Historical Sketch of Ha verhill." Sammons, Thomas, was born in Montgomery County, New York; received a public-school educa tion ; served as an officer in the Revolutionary war ; was elected a representative from New York in the Eighth Congress as a Democrat ; was re-elected to the Ninth Congress, serving from October 17, 1803, to March 3, 1807; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Tenth Congress by Peter Swart; was again elected in the Eleventh Congress ; was re- elected to the Twelfth Congress, serving from May 22, 1809, to March 3, 1813; died at Johnstown, New York. Sample, Samuel C., was born in Maryland; removed to Indiana, and settled at South Bend ; was elected a representative from Indiana in the Twenty- eighth Congress as a Whig, receiving 5,093 votes against 5,379 votes for Chamberlain, Democrat, and 127 for Bigelow, Abolitionist, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1845. Sampson, Ezekiel S., was born in Huron County, Ohio, December 6, 1831; received his early education at public schools, later at a private school at Mount Pleasant, Iowa, and at Knox College, Illi nois; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and com menced practice at Sigourney, Iowa, in 1856; was prosecuting-attorney in 1S5(>-1S5S; entered the Union army as captain in the Fifth Iowa Infantry in 1861, and was lieutenant-colonel in the same regiment when mustered out in 1864; was a member of the State Senate of Iowa in 1866; was judge of the Sixth Dis trict of Iowa from January, 1867, until January, 1875; was elected a representative from Iowa in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Republican, receiving 12,461 votes against 9,745 votes for E. N. Gates, anti- Monopolist; and was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 18,778 votes against 14.719 votes for H. B. Hendershott, Democrat, serving from De cember 6, 1875. Sampson, Zabdiel, was born at Plympton, Massachusetts; received a classical education, gradu ating at Brown University in 1803; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Plympton ; was elected a representative from Massa chusetts in the Fifteenth Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Sixteenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1817, to May 15, 1820, when he re signed, having been appointed collector of customs at Plymouth, Massachusetts ; remained in that office until he died at Plymouth July 19, 1828. STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 609 Samuel, Green B., was born in Shenandoah County, Virginia, in 1806; received a thorough clas sical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1827, and became a successful practitioner; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Twenty- sixth Congress as a Democrat, serving from Decem ber 2, 1839, to March 3, 1841 ; returned to his profes sion; was a member of the State Reform Conven tion of 1849; was elected a judge of the Circuit Court in 1850, and of the Court of Appeals in 1853; died at Richmond, Virginia, January 5, 1859. Sandford, John, was born in New York; re sided at Amsterdam; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-seventh Congress as a Democrat, receiving 5,341 votes against 4,732 votes for Marcellus Western, Whig, serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1843; was a member of the State Senate in 1851 ; died at Amsterdam, New York, Oc tober 7, 1857. Sandford, Thomas, was born in Westmoreland County, Virginia, in 1762; received a thorough Eng lish education; removed to Kentucky in 1792, and located at Covington; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention of 1799 ; was a member of the State House of Representatives; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Eighth Con gress ; was re-elected to the Ninth Congress, serving from October 17, 1803, to March 3, 1807 ; was drowned in the Ohio River December 10, 1808. Sandidge, John M., was born in Franklin County, Georgia, January 7, 1817; was reared on a plantation; removed to Louisiana, and devoted himself to agricultural pursuits; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1846-1855, serving the last two years as speaker; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention in 1852 ; was elected a representative from Louisiana in the Thirty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 8,942 votes against 6,461 votes for Lewis, American; was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving 9,063 votes against 5,205 votes for Sparks, American, serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1859. Sands, Joshua, was born in Queen s County, New York, in 1758; resided at Brooklyn; took an active part in the pre-Revolutionary struggle, and was a member of the Brooklyn Home Guards in 1775; was a member of the State Senate 1792-1799; was appointed by President John Adams collector of customs at New York in 1797 ; was elected a repre sentative from New York in the Eighth Congress as a Federalist, serving from October 17, 1803, to March 3, 1805; was again elected to the Nineteenth Con gress, serving from December 5, 1825, to March 3, 1827; died in Queen s County, New York, September 13, 1835. Sanford, James T., was born in Virginia; re moved to Tennessee, and located at Columbia; was elected a representative from Tennessee in the Eigh teenth Congress, receiving 9,316 votes against 1,184 votes for O. C. Merrill, serving from December 1, 1823, to March 3, 1825; he liberally endowed Jackson College. Sanford, Jonah, was born in New York; re sided at Oswego; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1827 and 1830; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-first Congress (in the place of Silas Wright, juu.. who had declined to take his seat) as a Jackson Democrat, serving from May 1, 1830, to March 3, 1831. Sanford, Nathan, was born at Bridgehamp- ton, Long Island, November 5, 1779; received an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1799, and commenced practice at New York; was United-States commissioner in bank ruptcy in 1802; was United-States attorney for the district of New York 1803-1816; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1815, and chosen speaker; was a member of the State Senate 1812-1815 ; was elected a United-States senator from New York as a Democrat, serving from December 4, 1815, to March 3, 1821 ; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention in 1821 ; was chancellor of the State of New York from August 1, 1823, until he resigned in January, 1826; was again elected a sena tor, serving from January 31, 1826, to March 3, 1831 ; died at Bridgehampton, New York, October 7, 1838. Sanford, Stephen, was born in Montgomery County, New York, May 26, 1826; was educated at Amsterdam Academy, Georgetown College, and Poughkeepsie Collegiate Institute; was extensively engaged in the business of carpet-manufacturing; never held political office before his election as rep resentative from New York in the Forty-first Con gress as a Republican, receiving 16,611 votes against 14,508 votes for White, Democrat, serving from March 4, 1869, to March 3, 1871. Sapp, William Fletcher, was born at Dan ville, Ohio, November 23, 1824; received an academi cal education ; studied law at Mount Vernon, Ohio, with Columbus Delano and W. R. Sapp ; was admitted to the bar in June, 1850, and commenced practice at Mount Vernon ; was elected prosecuting-attorney of Knox County in 1854, and re-elected in 1856 ; removed in 1860 to Omaha, Nebraska; was appointed in 1861 adjutant-general of Nebraska Territory, and was sub sequently elected a member of the Territorial Legis lative Council ; entered the Union army in 1862 as lieutenant-colonel of the Second Nebraska Cavalry, and served until it was mustered out; removed to Council Bluffs, Iowa, where he has since practised law ; was a member of the State House of Represen tatives in 1865; was appointed by President Grant United-States district-attorney for the district of Iowa in 1869, serving until 1873; and was elected a representative from Iowa in the Forty-fifth Congress as a Republican, receiving 19,358 votes against 15,236 votes for Lemuel R. Bolter, Democratic and Green back candidate, serving from October 15, 1877. Sapp, William R., was born in Ohio; received a public-school education ; resided at Mount Vernon ; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirty- third Congress as a Whig, receiving 6,140 votes against 6,109 votes for William Winnell, Democrat, and 2,650 votes for Richards, Democrat ; was re-elected to the Thirty-Fourth Congress, receiving 9,371 votes against 6,516 votes for Dunbar, Democrat, serving from De cember 5, 1853, to March 3, 1857. Sargent, Aaron A., was born at Newburyport, Massachusetts, September 28, 1827; was a printer and editor in early life; removed to California in 1849; studied law, and came to the bar in 1854; was district-attorney of Nevada County, California, in 1855 and 1856; received the degree of M.A. from the College of California in 1865; was elected a repre sentative from California in the Thirty-seventh Con gress as a Republican, serving from July 4, 1861, to March 3, 1863 ; was again elected to the Forty-first Congress; was re-elected to the Forty-second Con gress, receiving 18,065 votes against 15,378 votes for J. W. Coffroth, Democrat, serving from March 4, 1869, to March 3, 1873 ; and was subsequently elected United-States senator from California as a Repub lican (to succeed C. Cole, Republican), serving from March 4, 1873. His term of office will expire March 3, 1879. Saulsbury, Eli (brother of Willard Saulsbury), was born in Kent County, Delaware, December 29, 1817; attended common and select schools, and an irregular course at Dickinson College ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Dover; was a member of the State legislature of Delaware in 1853 and 1854; was elected United-States senator from Delaware as a Democrat (to succeed Willard Saulsbury, Democrat), and was re-elected, serving from March 4, 1871. His term of service will expire March 3, 1883. Saulsbury, Willard (brother of Eli Saulsbury), was born in Kent County, Delaware, June 2, 1820; was educated at Delaware College, Delaware, and at Dickinson College, Pennsylvania; studied and prac- 610 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. tised law; was elected United-States senator from Delaware as a Democrat (to succeed Martin W. Bates); and was re-elected in 1865, serving from March 4, 1859, to March 3, 187.1. Saunders, Alvin, was born in Fleming County, Kentucky, July 12, 1817; received a common-school and academic education; removed to Mount Pleas ant, Iowa (then a part of Wisconsin Territory), in 183(5 ; was postmaster at that place for seven years, during which time he studied law with Isaac Van Allen (then United-States district-attorney for Iowa), but never entered upon its practice, preferring to engage in mercantile and banking pursuits ; was a member of the Constitutional Convention under which Iowa was admitted into the Union as a State; was a member of the State Senate for eight years; was a member of the first Republican Convention ever held in Iowa; was a delegate to the Republican National Convention at Chicago which nominated Lincoln and Ilamlin in 1860; was one of the commis sioners appointed by Congress to organize the Pacific Railroad Company; was appointed governor of the Territory of Nebraska by President Lincoln in 1804, and held the office until the State was admitted into the Union in 1867; was a delegate to the Republican National Convention at Chicago in 1868 which nomi nated Grant and Colfax; was elected United-States senator from Nebraska as a Republican (to succeed Phineas W. Hitchcock, Republican), and took his seat March 5, 1877. His term of service will expire March 3, 1883. Saunders, Romulus Mitchell, was born in Caswell County, North Carolina, March, 1791; re ceived a classical education, and was two years at the University of North Carolina; went to Tennessee; studied law under Hugh Lawton White, and was admitted to the bar in 1812; returned to North Caro lina; commenced practice, and was elected to the House of Commons of that State in 1815, 1817, and 1819, serving the last year as speaker; was elected a representative in the Seventeenth Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Congresses with5ut opposition, serving from December 3, 1821, until March 3, 1827, when he declined a re-election; was appointed attorney-gen eral of North Carolina in 1828; was appointed by President Jackson on a commission for the dis tribution of the claims paid by France in 1833; was elected judge of the Superior Courts of North Caro lina in 1835, and resigned in 1840 on accepting the Democratic nomination for governor, but was defeat ed, receiving 35,883 votes against 44,179 votes for John M. Morehead, Whig; was again elected to the Twen ty-seventh Congress, and re-elected to the Twenty- eighth Congress as a Democrat, serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1845; was appointed by President Polk minister to Spain, and served from February 25, 1846, until September 24, 1849; was again elected, on his return, a member of the State House of Rep resentatives; died at Raleigh, North Carolina, April 21, 1807. Savage, John, was born in New York in 1780; resided at Salem; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1814; was elected a representa tive from New York in the Fourteenth Congress as a Democrat ; was re-elected to the Fifteenth Congress, serving from December 4, 1815, to March 3, 1819; was United-States district-attorney; was State comp troller February 12, 1821-February 13, 1823; was chief justice of the State Supreme Court January 29, 1823- August, 1837; was United-States assistant treasurer at New York; was a presidential elector on the Polk and Dallas ticket in 1845; died at Utica, New York, October 19, 1863. Savage, John H., was born in Warren Coun ty, Tennessee; received a public-school education; served as a private in the Tennessee volunteers on the Texas f rontrier before he was of age, and also saw three months service in Florida against the Seminoles ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Smithville, Tennessee ; was appointed by President Polk major of the Fourteenth United- States Infantry, and served through the Mexican war, receiving promotion as lieutenant-colonel, and commanding the regiment after the death of Colonel Graham until the close of the war; was elected a representative from Tennessee in the Thirty-first Congress as a Democrat, receiving 4,713 votes against 3,777 votes for Turney, Democrat, and 1,239 votes for Rogers, Whig; was re-elected to the Thirty- second Congress, receiving 5,816 votes against 4,352 votes for Goodpasture, Whig, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1853; declined being a candidate to the Thirty-third Congress; was again elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress, receiving 6,016 votes against 5,563 votes for Cullom, American; was re- elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving 6,435 votes against 5,232 votes for Pickett, American, serv ing from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1859. Savage, John Simpson, was born in Cler- mont County, Ohio, October 30, 1841 ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar in 1865, and practised at Wilmington ; never held any public office ; and was elected a representative from Ohio in the Forty- fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 12,972 votes against 11,810 votes for John Q. Smith, Re publican, serving from December 6, 1875, to March 3, 1877; was defeated as the Republican candidate for the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 16,098 votes against 16,549 votes for Miles Gardner, Republican. Sawtelle, Cullen, was born at Norridgewock, Maine; received a classical education, graduating at Bowdoin College in 1825; studied law; was admit ted to the bar in 1829, and commenced practice at Norridgewock; was register of probate 1830-1838; was a member of the State Senate 1843, 1844; was elected a representative from Maine in the Twenty- ninth Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1847; was again elected to the Thirty-first Congress, receiving 5,875 votes against 3,589 votes for Coburn, Whig, 2,063 votes for Fletcher, Democrat, and 849 for Veazie, Democrat, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1851 ; removed to New-York City. Sawyer, Frederick A., was born in Bolton, Massachusetts, December 12, 1822; received a classi cal education, graduating at Harvard College in 1844 ; was successively employed as a teacher in Gardiner, Wiscasset, Lowell, Nashua, South Reading, and Boston, leaving the Brimmer School in the last- named city in April, 1859, to accept an invitation to become principal of the State Normal School for girls in Charleston, South Carolina; this position he hekl until September, 1864, when his persistent loyalty rendered him so obnoxious to the rebels that they give him a passport for himself and his family through the lines to the post of Port Royal, then in the possession of the Federal forces; in May, 1865, he was appointed collector of internal revenue for the Second District of South Carolina, the first civil appointment made in the State after the Rebellion ; he was elected a member of the State Constitutional Convention, but was not able to participate in the proceedings of that body ; was elected United-States senator from South Carolina July 16, 1868; took his seat July 22, 1868, and served until March 3, 1873; was appointed assistant secretary of the treasury, serving from March 8, 1873, to August 1, 1876. Sawyer, Lemuel (uncle of Samuel T. Sawyer), was born in Camden County, North Carolina, in 1777; was educated at Flatbush, New York; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Elizabeth, North Carolina ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1800, 1801 ; was a presidential elector on the Jefferson ticket in 1804; was elected a representative from North Carolina in the Tenth Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Eleventh and Twelfth Congresses, serving from October 26, 1807, until March 3, 1813; was again elected to the Fifteenth Congress; was re- STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 611 elected to the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Congresses, serving from December 1, 1817, until March 3, 1823; was defeated as a candidate for the Eighteenth Con gress, receiving 2,139 votes against 2,407 votes for Alfred M. Gatlin; was again elected to the Nine teenth Congress, and was re-elected to the Twentieth Congress, serving from December 5, 1825, until March 3, 1829; was defeated as a candidate for the Twenty- first Congress by William B. Shepard, who received 377 majority; removed to Washington, District of Columbia, in 1850, and became a department-clerk; died at Washington of heart-disease January 9, 1852. Sawyer, Philetus, was born in Whiting, Ver mont, September 22, 1816; received a public-school and business education ; went to Wisconsin in 1847, and engaged in the lumber business ; was a member of the State legislature of Wisconsin in 1857 and 1861; was mayor of Oshkosh in 1863 and 1864; was elected a representative from Wisconsin in the Thir ty-ninth Congress as a Republican, receiving 13,218 votes against 10,274 votes for Bouck, Democrat; was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, receiving 14,341 votes against 9,347 votes for Morgan L. Martin, Democrat ; was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress, receiving 19,422 votes against 15,234 votes for Vilas, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty-second Con gress as a Republican, receiving 17,258 votes against 11,822 votes for J. Stringham, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress, serving from December 4, 1865, to March 3, 1875. Sawyer, Samuel T. (a nephew of Lemuel Saw yer), was born in Chowan County, North Carolina, in 1800; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Edenton; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1829-1832; was elected a representative from North Carolina in the Twenty- fifth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 211 votes against 1,706 votes for G. C. Moore, Whig, serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1839; was de feated as the Democratic candidate for the Twenty- sixth Congress by Kenneth Raynor, Whig, who re ceived 661 majority; removed to Norfolk, Virginia, where he edited "The Norfolk Argus;" was ap pointed by President Pierce collector of customs at Norfolk ; died at New Jersey November 29, 1865. Sawyer, William, was born in Ohio; resided at St. Mary s; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Twenty-ninth Congress as a Democrat ; was re-elected to the Thirtieth Congress, serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1849. Say, Benjamin, was born in Pennsylvania; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Tenth Congress (in place of Joseph Clay, resigned); was re-elected to the Eleventh Congress, serving from November 16, 1808, to 1809, when he resigned. Sayler, Henry B., was born in Montgomery County, Ohio, March 31, 1836; his father removed ^to Clinton County, Indiana, in August, 1836; re ceived a common-school education; studied law in Preble County, Ohio; was admitted to the bar in 1859; enlisted in the army, and was mustered as lieu tenant; was. promoted as captain and major of the One Hundred and Eighteenth Regiment Indiana Volunteer Infantry; held no other public office until he was elected a representative from Ohio in the Forty-third Congress as a Republican, receiving 17,334 votes against 15,149 votes for E. Van Long, Democrat, serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1875. Sayler, Milton, was born at Lewisburg, Preble County, Ohio, November 4, 1831; graduated at Miami" University in 1852, and afterward at the Cin cinnati Law School; practised law at Cincinnati; was a member of the State legislature of Ohio in 1862 and 1863, and of the city council of Cincinnati in 1864 and 1865 ; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Forty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 12,474 votes against 8,905 votes for B. Eggleston, Republican; was re-elected to the Forty- fourth Congress, receiving 11,566 votes against 7,252 votes for Green, Republican; was elected speaker pro tempore of the House June 24, 1876; was re- elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 14,144 votes against 13,474 votes for Force, Republican, serving from December 1, 1873. Scales, Alfred Moore, was born in Rocking- ham County, North Carolina, November 26, 1827 ; is not a graduate, but received a classical education at the Caldwell Institute in Greensborough, and at the University of North Carolina; studied law; was ad mitted to the bar in 1851, and practised at Greens- borough; was elected county-attorney of Rocking- ham County; was a member of the legislature of North Carolina in 1852, 1853, and in 1856, 1857; was elected a representative from North Carolina in the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 7,679 votes against 6,950 votes for Puryear, American, serving from December 7, 1857, to March 3, 1859; vol unteered at the beginning of the late civil war as a private in the Confederate army; was afterward pro moted, and served as captain, colonel, and brigadier- general during the war; was again elected a repre sentative from North Carolina in the Forty-fourth Congress, receiving 10,529 votes against 8,909 votes for W. F. Henderson, Republican ; was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 13,246 votes against 11,001 votes for James E. Boyd, Republican, serving from December 6, 1875. Scammon, John P., was born at Saco, Massa chusetts (afterwards Maine), October 24, 1786; re ceived a public-school education; engaged in mer cantile pursuits ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1817, 1820, and 1821 ; was col lector of customs at Saco 1829-1841; was elected a representative from Maine in the Twenty-ninth Con gress as a Democrat, serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1847 ; was a member of the State Senate in 1855 ; died at Saco, Maine, May 23, 1858. Schell, Richard, was born at Rhinebeck, New York, in May, 1810; was engaged in mercantile pur suits there; removed to New York in 1834, and entered into the wholesale dry-goods business; was a member of the State Senate of New York in 1857; was elected a representative from New York in the Forty-third Congress (in place of David B. Mellish, deceased) as a Democrat, receiving 12,562 votes against 5,947 votes for John Hardy, Independent Democrat, serving from December 7, 1874, to March 3, 1875. Schenck, Abraham H., was born in Dutchess County, New York, in 1777 ; received a thorough Eng lish education; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1804-1806 ; was elected a representa tive from New York in the Fourteenth Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 4, 1815, to March 3, 1817; engaged in the manufacture of cotton-goods after the passage of the non-intercourse acts; died at Fishkill, New York, February 20, ^831. Schenck, Ferdinand S., was born in Middlesex County, New Jersey, February 11, 1790; received a public-school education; studied medicine; was li censed, and practised at Six-mile Run ; was a mem ber of the State House of Representatives 1829-1831 ; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Twenty-third Congress as a Jackson Democrat on a general ticket, receiving 24,278 votes against 23,780 votes for Condict, Clay Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty-fourth Congress, receiving 3,965 votes against 2,224 votes for his opponent, serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1837 ; was a member of the State Constitutional Convention in 1844; was for eight years a judge of the Court of Appeals ; died at Camden, New Jersey, May 17, 1860. Schenck, Robert C., was born at Franklin, Ohio, October 4, 1809; graduated at Miami Univer sity; studied law with the Hon. Thomas Corwin at Lebanon, and practised many years at Dayton; was a member of the Ohio legislature in 1841 and 1842 ; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Twen ty-eighth Congress as a Whig, receiving 7,870 votes 612 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. against 5.571 votes for Lowe, Democrat, and 403 votes for Hibbin, Abolitionist; was re-elected to the Twenty-ninth, Thirtieth, and Thirty-first Con gresses, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1851 ; was appointed in 1851 envoy extraordinary and minister plenipotentiary to Brazil, and was also ac credited in 18(32 envoy extraordinary to Uruguay, the Argentine Confederation, and Paraguay, nego tiating "important treaties with those nations; en tered the Union army in 1861 under an appoint ment by President Lincoln as brigadier-general ; was promoted to be major-general, to take rank from August 30, 1862 (the date of the battle of Groveton, or second Bull Run), for his conduct in that action, in which he was severely wounded, and continued in military service until he took his seat in Congress in December, 1863 ; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Republican, receiving 13,027 votes against 11,770 votes for Vallan- digham.rJemocrat ; was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiving 14,371 votes against 11,605 votes for Houk, Democrat ; was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, receiving 15,027 votes against 13,960 votes for Ward, Democrat ; and was re-elected to the Forty- first Congress, receiving 16,293 votes against 15,818 votes for Vallandigham, serving from December 7, 1863, to March 3, 1871 ; was appointed by President Grant minister to Great Britain, serving 1870-1876. Schermerhorn, Abraham M., was born in New York; resided at Rochester; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1848; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-first Congress as a Whig, receiving 6,611 votes against 4,746 votes for Selden, Democrat, and 1,367 votes for Smith, Cass Democrat ; was re-elected to the Thirty- second Congress, receiving 6,036 votes against 5,623 votes for Buchanan, Democrat, serving from Decem ber 3, 1849, to March 3, 1853 ; died at Rochester, New York, August 22, 1855. Schleicher, Gustave, was born at Darmstadt, Germany, November 19, 1823; was educated at the University of Giessen, in the Grand Duchy of Hesse- Darmstadt; was engaged as a civil engineer in the construction of several European railroads; immi grated to Texas in 1847, and, after passing some time on the frontiers, located at San Antonio in 1850 ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1853 and 1854, and of the State Senate 1859-1861; and was elected a representative from Texas in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, defeating Jere miah Galvan, Republican; and was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 11,951 votes against 2,711 votes for J. P. Newcomb, Republican, serving from December 6, 1875. Schley, William, was born at Frederick City, Maryland, December 15, 1786; received an academi cal education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1812, and commenced practice at Augusta, Georgia ; was elected a judge of the Superior "Court in 1825 ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1830; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Twenty-third Congress as a Democrat on general ticket, receiving 21,551 votes against 15,441 votes for Newnan, serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1835; was governor of Georgia 1835-1837; was presi dent of the Medical College of Georgia; died at Au gusta, Georgia, November 20, 1858. He published a "Digest of the English Statutes." T Schoolcraft, John L., was born at Albany, New York; received a public-school education; en gaged in mercantile pursuits; travelled in Europe with Thurlow Weed; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-first Congress as a Whig, receiving 7,227 votes against 3,876 votes for Bouton, Democrat, and 2,315 votes for Wood, Van Buren Democrat ; and was re-elected to the Thirty-second Congress, receiving 7,032 votes against 6,746 votes for Coming, Democrat, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1853; died, at St. Catherine s, Canada West, May 11, I860. Schoonmaker, Cornelius C., was born in Ulster County, New York; resided at Shawangunk; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1777-1790; was elected a representative from New York in the Second Congress, serving from October 24, 1791, to March 3, 1793; was again a member of the St^te House of Representatives in 1795. Schoonmaker, Marius, was born at Kingston, New York, and resided there; was elected a represen tative from New York in the Thirty-second Congress as a Whig, receiving 7,851 votes against 7,135 votes for Allaben, Democrat, serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1853. Schumaker, John G., was born at Claverack, Columbia County, New York, June 27, 1826, of Ger man parentage ; received an academical education at home, and in Lenox, Massachusetts ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1847; in 1853 he settled in Brooklyn, where he practised ; in 1856 he was elected district-attorney for King s County; in 1862 and 1804 he was elected corporation counsel for the city of Brooklyn ; was a delegate to the Chicago Convention of 1864; was a member of the State Constitutional Conventions of 1862 and 1807 ; was elected a repre sentative from New York in the Forty-first Congress as a Democrat, receiving 24,418 votes against 12,492 votes for Bellows, Republican, serving from March 4, 1869, to March 3, 1871; was again elected to the Forty-third Congress as a Democrat and Liberal, re ceiving 13,355 votes against 8,378 votes for A. J. Perry, Republican, and" 1,031 votes for W. S. Robin son, Independent Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Congress, receiving 15,123 votes against 6,652 votes for Wood, Republican, serving from De cember 1, 1873, to March 3, 1877. Schuneman, Martin G., was born in Ulster County, New York, and resided there ; was elected a representative from New York in the Ninth Congress, serving from December 2, 1805, to March 3, 1807. Schureman, James, was born in New Jersey in 1757; received a classical education, graduating at Rutgers College in 1775 ; served in the Revolutionary army as captain of volunteers; was a delegate from New Jersey to the Continental Congress 1786-1787 ; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the First Congress as a Federalist, serving from March 4, 1789, to March 3, 1791 ; was again elected to the Fifth Congress, serving from May 15, 1797, to March 3, 1799; was elected a United-States senator from New Jersey (in place of John Rutherford, resigned), serv ing from December 3, 1799, to February 6, 1801, when he resigned ; was mayor of the city of New Bruns wick; was again elected a representative to the Thir teenth Congress, serving from May 24, 1813, to March 2, 1815 ; died at New Brunswick, New Jersey, Janu ary 23, 1824. Schurz, Carl, was born at Liblar, near Cologne, Germany, March 2, 1829; was educated at the colle giate institution at Cologne, and afterwards at the University of Bonn ; was editor of a paper identified with the Revolution of 1848; took part in the defence of Rastadt, after which he fled to Switzerland ; sub sequently resided in Paris and London, where he was a teacher and correspondent for three years ; immi grated to this country in 1852; was a delegate to the Chicago Convention of 1860, taking a leading part in its proceedings; was selected by President Lincoln in 1861 as minister to Spain, which position he soon resigned ; was appointed a brigadier-general of vol unteers, and was present at the second battle of Bull Run, at the battles of Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, and Chattanooga ; after the war he \vas appointed a commissioner to visit the Southern States, and report upon the affairs of the Freedmen s Bureau; in 1865 and 18G6 he was a Washington correspondent for "The New-York Tribune;" was subsequently con nected with the press of Detroit and St. Louis; was a delegate to the Chicago Convention of 1868 ; and was elected United-States senator from Missouri as a Re publican (to succeed John B. Henderson), serving STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 613 from March 4, 1869, to March 3, 1875 ; visited Europe, and, on his return in 187(3, took an active part in sup port of the Republican ticket; was appointed by President Hayes secretary of the interior, serving from March 12, 1877. Schuyler, Philip, was born at Albany, New York, November 22, 1733; received a good English education ; served as captain and commissary in the royal colonial troops in 1755-1763; was a delegate from New York to the Continental Congress 1775- 1777; was appointed major-general, and placed in command of the Northern Revolutionary army in 1775, but became involved in military disputes, and resigned in 1779 ; was again a delegate to the Con tinental Congress 1778-1781 ; was elected a United- States senator from New York as a Federalist, serv ing from March 4, 1789, to March 3, 1791 ; was again elected a senator, serving from May 15, 1797, to Janu ary 3, 1798, when he resigned; died at Albany, New York, November 18, 1804. His "Life and Times" was published by Benson J. Lossing. Schuyler, Philip J., was born in Dutchess County, New York, in 1768; resided at Rhinebeck; was elected a representative from New York in the Fifteenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1817, to March 3, 1819; died at New York February 21, 1835. Schwartz, John, was born in Berks County, Pennsylvania, October 27, 1793; received a public- school education ; was reared on a farm ; served in the war of 1812 as a lieutenant of volunteers ; en gaged in mercantile pursuits 1806-1829, after which he gave his whole attention to agriculture; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-sixth Congress as an anti-Lecompton Demo crat, receiving 7,321 votes against 7,302 votes for Jones, Democrat, serving from December 5, 1859, to June 20, 1860, when he died at Reading, Pennsyl vania. Scofield, Glenni W., was born in Chautauqua County, New York, March 11, 1817; graduated at Hamilton College, New York, in 1840; studied law, and has since practised that profession, except when interrupted by official duties; was a member of the State Assembly of Pennsylvania in 1850 and 1851 ; was a member of the State Senate in 1857, 1858, and 1859; was temporarily appointed president-judge of the Eighteenth Judicial District of Pennsylvania in 1861; was elected a representative from Pennsyl vania in the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Republican, receiving 9,954 votes against 9,462 votes for Court- hpught, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty- ninth Congress, receiving 11,631 votes against 9,914 votes for Bigler, Democrat; was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, receiving 15,107 votes against 12,481 votes for Scott, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress, receiving 16,903 votes against 14,355 votes for Brown, Democrat; was re- elected to the Forty-second Congress, receiving 13,055 votes against 12,451 votes for S. Marvin, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress as one of the three congressmen at large as a Republican, receiving 358,013 votes against 314,014 votes for H. B. Wright, Democrat, serving from December 7, 1863, to March 3, 1875; was ap pointed by President Grant register of the treasury in 1877. Scott, Charles L., was born at Richmond, Vir ginia, January 23, 1827: received a classical educa tion, graduating at William and Mary College; studied law with his father; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Richmond ; went to California in 1849, and worked in the mines until 1851, when he resumed the practice of law at Sonora; was elected a representative from California in the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, serving from December 7, 1857, to March 3, 1861. Scott, Gustavus, was born in Maryland; was largely engaged in agricultural pursuits ; was a dele gate from Maryland to the Continental Congress 1784-1785. Scott, Harvey D., was born in Ohio; received a public-school education; removed to Indiana, and settled at Terre Haute ; was elected a representative from Indiana in the Thirty-fourth Congress as a Republican, receiving 9,515 votes against 8,580 votes for Davis, Democrat, serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1857. Scott, John, was bom in Hanover County, Vir ginia, in 1782; received a classical education, gradu ating at Princeton College in 1805 ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at St. Genevieve, Missouri, in 1806; was elected a delegate from Missouri Territory in the Fourteenth Congress, serving from December 2, 1816, to January 13."l817, when his seat was declared vacant ; was again elected a delegate to the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Congresses, serving from December 1, 1817, to March 3, 1821; Missouri having been admitted as a State, he was elected a representative in the Seventeenth Con gress; was re-elected to the Eighteenth Congress, receiving 400 majority over Strofher; was re-elected to the Nineteenth Congress, serving from December 3, 1821, to March 3, 1827; died at St. Geuevieve, Missouri, October 1, 1861. Scott, John (father of John Scott), was born in Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania; was a large landholder; was elected a representative from Penn sylvania in the Twenty-first Congress, serving from December 7, 1829, to March 3, 1831. Scott, John (son of John Scott), was born at Alexandria, Pennsylvania, July 14, 1824; received a common-school education; studied law; was ad mitted to the bar in 1846, and has practised at Hun tingdon, Pennsylvania ; was prosecuting-attorney from 1846 to 1849; was a member of the board of revenue commissioners in 1851; was a member of the State legislature in 1862; was elected a United- States senator from Pennsylvania as a Republican (to succeed Charles R. Buckalew, Democrat), serving from March 4, 1869, to March 4, 1875 ; removed to Pittsburg; was chosen, December 30, 1877, general solicitor of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company. Scott, John G., was born at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, December 26, 1819; received a public- school education ; went West when seventeen years of age, and became interested in the development of Iron Mountain, Missouri; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Thirty-eighth Congress, receiving 2,758 votes against 2,765 votes for John W. Noell, Emancipationist, and 191 votes for Lawson, Independent; Mr. Noell dying, Mr. Scott was elected a representative from Missouri in the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 3,559 votes against 3,070 votes for Lindsay, Union candidate, and 444 votes for Bogy, Independent Democrat. Scott, John Morin, was born in the city of New York ; was State secretary of state March 13, 1778-October 23, 1789; was a delegate from New York to the Continental Congress 1780-1783. Scott, Thomas, was born in Pennsylvania; held several local offices; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the First Congress, serving from March 4, 1789, to March 3, 1791; was again elected to the Third Congress, serving from Decem ber 2, 1793, to March 3, 1795. Scranton, George W., was born at Madison, Connecticut, May 11, 1811; received an academic education ; removed in 1828 to Belvidere, New Jer sey, where he was a teamster, and afterwards a clerk; in 1839 he became a manufacturer of iron, and in 1840 he commenced smelting ore with anthracite coal at Slocum, Pennsylvania, which soon became the city of Scranton ; he was president of the Lackawanna and Western and of the Cayuga and Snsquehanna Railroad Companies; was a Whig; was elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Protective Republican, receiving 10,029 votes against 6,186 votes for McRey- nolds, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-sev- 614 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. enth Congress, receiving 11,719 votes against 11,024 votes for Randall, Democrat; and died at Scranton March 24, 18(51. Scudder, Henry J., was born at Northport, New York, in 1825; received a classical education, graduating at Trinity College, Hartford, Connecti cut, in 1&40; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1848, and commenced practice in Mew York; was elected a representative from New York in the Forty- third Congress as a Republican, receiving 13,877 votes against 11,797 votes for J. W. Covert, Democrat, serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1875. Scudder, Isaac W., was born at Elizabeth in 1818; studied law in the office of his father; removed to Jersey City, and commenced practice there ; has twice been prosecutor of the Court of Common Pleas for Hudson County; and was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Forty-third Congress as a Republican, receiving 13,377 votes against 9,108 votes for N. D. Taylor, Democrat, serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1875. Scudder, John A., was born in New Jersey in 1707; received an academic education; studied medi cine, and practised ; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Eleventh Congress (in place of James Cox, deceased), serving from December 3, 1810, to March 3, 1811; removed to Kentucky, and subsequently to Indiana, where he died November 0, 183(5. Scudder, Nathaniel, was born in New Jersey ; received a classical education, graduating at Prince ton College in 1751 ; was for several years a member of the State House of Representatives; was a dele gate from New Jersey to the Continental Congress 1777-1779; was killed in a skirmish with an invading party of the British at Shrewsbury, New Jersey, Oc tober 15, 1781. Scudder, Treadwell, was born at Islip, New York; was elected a representative from New York in the Fifteenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1817, to March 3, 1819; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1828. Scudder, Zeno, was born at Barnstable, Mas sachusetts, August 18, 1807 ; received an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Barnstable ; was a mem ber of the State House of Representatives and of the State Senate ; was elected a representative from Mas sachusetts in the Thirty-second Congress as a Whig on the second ballot, receiving 2,800 votes against 1,324 votes for Fessenden, Democrat, and 954 votes for Hart, Free-Soiler; was re-elected to the Thirty- third Congress on the second ballot, receiving 5,095 votes against 1,801 votes for Rodney French, Demo crat, and 1,905 votes for John Peirce, Free-Soiler, serving from December 1, 1851, to March 1, 1854, when he resigned on account of ill health; held sev eral local offices; died at Barnstable. Massachusetts, June 26, 1857. Scurry, Richardson, was born in Tennessee; removed to Texas, and located at Charlesville ; was elected a representative from Texas in the Thirty- second Congress, serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1853. Seaman, Henry J., was born in New York; resided at Richmond, Staten Island; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-ninth Congress as an American, receiving 6,164 votes against 5,636 votes for Murphy, Democrat, and 62 for Whiting, Abolitionist, serving from December 1, 184.1, to March 3, 1847. Searing, John A., was born at North Hemp- stead. New York, May 14, 1805; received a public- school education; was reared as a farmer; was elected sheriff of Queen s County in 1848; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1853, but was defeated for re-election by S. N. Snedeker, Native American; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, re ceiving 8,900 votes against 5,892 votes for Jennings, American, and 5,449 votes for Lord, Republican, serving from December 7, 1857, to March 3, 1859; kept a hotel at Minneola, Avhich he superintended in connection with his large farm; died at Minneola, after a lingering illness caused by cancer in the stomach, May 6, 1870. Searle, James, was born at New York 1730; re ceived an English education, and went to Madeira, where he entered the counting-room of his brother as a clerk; returned home in 1763, and settled at Philadelphia; was one of the managers of the United- States lottery 1776-1778; was for a short time a member of the Navy Board ; was a delegate from Pennsylvania to the Continental Congress 1778-1780; was sent to Europe to negotiate a loan for the State of Pennsylvania in 1780, but was unsuccessful, and re turned in 1782; died at Philadelphia August 7, 1797. Seaver, Bbenezer, was born at Eoxbury, Mas sachusetts, January 8, 1763 ; received a classical edu cation, graduating at Harvard College in 1784; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1794- 1802; was elected a representative from Massachu setts in the Eighth Congress as a Democrat; and was successively re-elected to the Ninth, Tenth, Eleventh, and Twelfth Congresses, serving from October 17, 1803, until March 3, 1813; was defeated as a candi r date for re-election to the Thirteenth Congress as a AVar Democrat, receiving 2,062 votes against 2,530 votes for N. Ruggles, Peace Federalist ; was a mem ber of the Massachusetts Constitutional Convention of 1820; and died at Roxbury, Massachusetts, March 1, 1844. Sebastian, William K., was born at Vernon, Tennessee; received a classical education, graduat ing at Columbia College, Tennessee; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Helena, Arkansas; was prosecuting-attorney 1835- 1837 ; was circuit-judge 1840-1842, and was appointed chief judge in 1846; was elected a United-States senator from Arkansas (in place of Chester Ashley, deceased) as a Democrat, serving from May 31, 1848, to March 3, 1861 ; his term would not have expired until March 3, 1865, but, as he did not appear in the Senate, he was expelled, with the other Southern senators, July 11, 1861 ; it was subsequently claimed that he was a loyal Union man, opposed to secession ; he remained quietly at Helena until the Federal troops occupied that place, and in 1864 removed to Memphis, Tennessee, where he died May 20, 1865. The Senate subsequently revoked the resolution of expulsion, and paid his full salary to his children. Seddon, James Alexander, was born at Fredericksburg, Virginia; received a classical educa tion, graduating at the University of Virginia in 1835 ; was a merchant, and interested in agriculture ; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Twenty-ninth Congres s as a Democrat, serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1847; was again elect ed to the Thirty-first Congress as a Democrat, receiv ing 2,844 votes against 2,458 votes for John M. Bolts, Whig, and 317 votes for C. C. Lee, Whig, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1851 ; declined being a candidate for re-election ; was a member of the Peace Commission of 1861 ; was a delegate from Virginia to the Provisional Confederate Congress which assembled at Richmond in July, 1861; was the fourth Confederate secretary of war; died in Goochland County, Virginia. Sedgwick, Charles B., was born at Pompey, New York, March, 1815; received an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Syracuse, New York; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Republican, receiving 8,478 votes against 6,267 votes for Taylor, Democrat, and 648 for Noxon, Independent Democrat ; and was re- elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress, receiving 11,175 votes against 6,088 votes for Taft, Democrat, and 1,233 votes for Hay, Democrat, serving from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 1863. STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 615 Sedgwick, Theodore, was born at West Hart ford, Connecticut, May 9, 1746; received a classical education (but without graduating) at Yale College; commenced the study of divinity, but abandoned it for the law; was admitted to the bar in 1776, and commenced practice at Great Barrington, removing to Sheffield; served in the Revolutionary expedition to Canada in 1776 as aide-de-camp to General Thomas; was for several years a member of the Colonial and subsequently the State House of Representatives; was a delegate from Massachusetts to the Continental Congress 1785-1786 ; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the First Congress as a Federalist ; was re-elected to the Second, Third, and Fourth Congresses, serving from June 15, 1789, to December 6, 1796, when he took his seat as a United-States senator (in place of George Cabot, resigned), serving until March 3, 1799; was president pro tempore of the Senate; w.as a delegate to the State Convention that adopted the Federal Constitution in 1788 ; was again elected a representative to the Sixth Congress, and was elected speaker of the House, serving from December 2, 1899, to March 3, 1801; was a judge of the Superior Court of Massachusetts until his death at Boston January 24, 1813. Seeley, John E., was born at Ovid, New York, August 1, 1810 ; graduated at Yale College, Connecti cut, in 1835; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1840 ; was elected county-judge and surrogate of Seneca County in 1851, and served as such four years; was presidential elector in 1860, and also in 1864; and was elected a representative from New York in the Forty-second Congress as a Republican, receiving 15,276 votes against 12,134 votes for Daniels, Democrat, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1873. Seelye, Julius H., was born at Bethel, Con necticut, September 14, 1824; graduated at Amherst College; studied theology at Auburn (New York) Theological Seminary, and also at the Universities of Halle and Berlin; was ordained and installed pastor of the First Reformed Dutch Church at Schenectady, New York, in 1853, where he remained until 1858, when he accepted the professorship of mental and moral philosophy in Amherst College, which he still held at the time of his election to the Forty-fourth Congress; was a trustee of the Clarke Institute for Deaf Mutes, of the Smith College for Women, and of the Mount-Holyoke Female Seminary, and was one of the board of three visitors intrusted with the oversight of the Andover Theological Seminary; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Forty-fourth Congress without a nomination from any political party, receiving 7,773 votes against 7,353 votes for Charles A. Stevens, Republican, and 3,473 votes for Henry C. Hill, Democrat, serving from December 6, 1875, to March 3, 1877; declined" a re- nomination, and resumed his duties as professor in Amherst College. Segar, Joseph E., was born in King William County, Virginia, June 1, 1804; received a public- school education; was elected in 1836 a member of the State House of Representatives, and was for a number of years annually re-elected ; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Thirty-seventh Congress as a Unionist, serving from May 6, 1862, to March 3, 1863; was elected United-States senator from Virginia (in the place of Lemuel J. Bowden, deceased), and presented his credentials in Decem ber, 1864, but was not admitted to a seat; was ap pointed arbitrator on the part of the United States before the United-States and Spanish Claims Con vention August 1, 1877; was defeated as the Repub lican candidate for the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 14,989 votes against 16,885 votes for John Goodey, jun., Democrat. Selden, Dudley, practised law in New York; held several local offices; was elected a representa tive from New York in. the Twenty-third Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 2, 1833, to July 1 , 1834, when he resigned ; died at Paris, France, November 7, 1835. Selye, Lewis, was born at Chittenango, New York, July 11, 1808; received a public-school educa tion; was engaged in manufactures, and identified with the progress of the city of Rochester, where he held several local and county offices ; was elected a representative from New York in the Fortieth Con gress as an Independent Republican, receiving 12,791 votes against 10,757 votes for Hart, Republican, serving from March 4, 1867, to March 3, 1869. Semmes, Benedict I., was born in Charles County. Maryland, November 1, 1789; received a classical education; studied medicine, graduating at the Baltimore Medical School in 1811; commenced practice at Piscataway, Maryland, but, after some years, relinquished it, and devoted himself to agricul tural pursuits; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1825, 1827, and 1828; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Twenty-first Congress as a Clay Democrat, receiving 300 majority over John C. Weems; and was re-elected to the Twenty-second Congress without opposition, serving from December 7, 1829, to March 2, 1833 ; was again a member of the State House of Representatives in 1842 and 1843. Semple, James, was born in Kentucky in 1800 ; removed to Illinois in 1827; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1828-1833 ; was attor ney-general of Illinois in 1833; was chary e d affaires to Columbia October 14, 1837-April 1, 1842; was elected one of the judges of the Supreme Court of Illinois in 1842; was appointed a United-States senator from Illinois (in place of Samuel McRoberts, deceased) as a Democrat, and subsequently elected, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1847; died at Elsah Landing, Illinois, January 27, 1867. Sener, James B., was born at Fredericksburg, Virginia, May 18, 1837; received an academic educa tion ; attended lectures at the University of Virginia as a State student, and graduated in several of its schools; studied law at the Lexington (Virginia) Law School under Judge J. W. Brockenbrough, and was admitted to the bar in 1860; practises his pro fession; was sergeant of the city of Fredericksburg 1863-1865, and army correspondent of the Southern Associated Press with General Lee s army during the late war; since 1865, editor of " The Fredericksburg (Virginia) Ledger;" was a delegate from Virginia to the National Republican Convention at Philadel phia in 1872 ; and was elected a representative from Virginia in the Forty-third Congress as a Republican, receiving 10,685 votes against 10,312 votes for E. M. Braxton, Democrat, serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1875. Seney, Joshua, was born in Maryland; received a thorough English education from a private tutor; was a delegate from Maryland in the Continental Congress 1787-1788 ; was elected a representative from Maryland in the First Congress; was re-elected to the Second Congress, serving from March 4, 1789, to May 1, 1792, when he resigned; was a presidential elector in 1792, voting for Washington and Adams. Senter, William T., was born in Granger County, Tennessee, in 1802; resided at Panther Springs ; was elected a representative from Tennes see in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Whig, serv ing from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1845; died at Panther Springs, Tennessee, August 28, 1849. Sergeant, John (son of Jonathan Dickinson Sergeant), was born at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, December 5, 1779; received a classical education, graduating at Princeton College in 1795; was des tined for mercantile pursuits, but abandoned them for the law; was admitted to the bar in July, 1799, and practised at Philadelphia for more than half a century; was appointed by President Jefferson com missioner of bankruptcy in 1801 ; was deputy attorney- general of Pennsylvania ; was elected a representa tive from Pennsylvania in the Fourteenth Congress 616 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. as a Federalist; was re-elected to the Fifteenth, Six teenth, and Seventeenth Congresses, serving from December 4, 1815, to March 3, 1823; was appointed, March 4, 182(5, one of the two envoys extraordinary to the Panama Congress ; was again elected to the Twentieth Congress, serving from December 3, 1827, to March 3, 1829; was defeated as the Whig candi date for Vice-President on the ticket with Henry Clay in 1832, receiving 49 electoral votes against 189 electoral votes for Martin Van Buren, 30 electoral votes for William Wilkins, 11 electoral votes for Henry Lee, and 7 electoral votes for Amos Elmaker; was again elected to the Thirty-fifth, Thirty-sixth, and Thirty-seventh Congresses, serving from Sep tember 4, 1837, to September 15, 1841, when he re signed ; was offered the mission to England by Presi dent Harrison, and declined; was appointed by Secretary Marcy arbitrator to determine a long-pend ing controversy between the United States and the State of New Jersey ; died at Philadelphia, Novem ber 23, 1852. His " Select Speeches " were published at Philadelphia in 1832. Sergeant, Jonathan Dickinson (father of John Sergeant), was born at Newark, New Jersey, in 1746; received a classical education, graduating at New-Jersey College in 1762; studied law; was ad mitted to the bar, and commenced practice at New ark, New Jersey ; was a delegate from New Jersey to the Continental Congress 1776-1777; was appointed attorney-general of Pennsylvania in July, 1777, and removed to Philadelphia, where he afterwards re sided; contracted the yellow-fever while actively engaged as a member of the Board of Health, and died at Philadelphia October 26, 1793. Sessions, Walter L., was born in Brandon, Vermont; received a common-school and academic education; studied law, and has practised the pro fession; was commissioner of schools for several years ; was a member of the Assembly of the State of New York in 1853 and in 1854 ; was a member of the State Senate of New York in 1859 and in 1865; and was elected a representative from New York in the Forty-second Congress as a Republican, receiving 10,170 votes against 9,793 votes for Murray, Demo crat ; was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress, re ceiving 12,922 votes against 9,573 votes for C. D. Murray, Democrat, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1875. Settle, Thomas, was born in Rockingham Coun ty, North Carolina, about 1791; studied law; was ad mitted to the bar, and practised at Wentworth ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1816, 1826-1828, serving the last year as speaker; was elected a representative from North Carolina in the Fifteenth Congress as a Democrat ; and was re-elect ed to the Sixteenth Congress, serving from Decem ber 1, 1817, until March 3, 1821, when he declined re-election; was elected a judge of the Superior Courts of Law and Equity in 1832; and died in Rockingham County, North Carolina, August 5, 1857. Severance, Luther, was born at Montague, Massachusetts, October 28, 1797; removed with his father to Cazeriovia, New York; received a public- school education, and worked on the farm until his seventeenth year, when he was apprenticed to Jona than Bruce, at Peterborough, to learn the art of printing; after having served his apprenticeship of five years, he worked as a journeyman in the office of "The Philadelphia Aurora," and subsequently in the office of " The Washington National Intelli gencer;" in the fall of 1823 he went by invitation to Augusta, Maine, where he established and pub lished " The Kennebec Journal " in partnership with Russell Eaton; he was a member of the State House of Representatives of Maine in 1829, of the State Senate in 1835 and 1836, and again of the House in 1839 and 1840; was elected a representative from Maine in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Whig, receiving on the first trial 4,611 votes against 3,981 votes for Samuel Wells, Democrat, and 1,123 votes for Seth May, Abolitionist, and on the second trial a majority of 517 over both of them ; was re-elected to the Twenty-ninth Congress, receiving 7,121 votes against 5,411 votes for W. B. S. Moor, Democrat, and 1,135 votes for Seth May, Abolitionist, serving from December 4, 1843, until March 3, 1847: was one of the vice-presidents of the National Whig Convention at Philadelphia which nominated Tay lor and Fillmore in 1848; was appointed by President Taylor United-States commissioner to the Sandwich Islands, and served from August, 1850, until he re turned in April, 1854; died of consumption at Au gusta, Maine, January 25, 1855. A biographical sketch of him was published by James G. Elaine, who succeeded him as editor of " The Kennebec Journal." Sevier, Ambrose H., was born in Tennessee in 1802; received a public-school education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and, after visiting Missouri, settled at Little Rock, Arkansas; was a member of the Territorial House of Representatives, and of the Territorial Senate; was elected a delegate from Arkansas Territory in the Twentieth Congress as a Whig, receiving 463 votes majority over Desha ; was re-elected to the Twenty-first, Twenty-second, and Twenty-third Congresses, serving from December 3, 1827, to March 3, 1835 ; was elected one of the first United-States senators from the State of Arkansas as a Democrat, and was re-elected, serving from De cember 5, 1836, to March 15, 1848, when he resigned ; was appointed by President Polk commissioner, with the rank of minister plenipotentiary, to Mexico, serv ing from March 14, 1848, to June 4, 1848; returned to Little Rock, Arkansas, and died there December 21, 1848. Sevier, John (whose father s surname was Xa- vier), was born in the valley of the Shenaiuloah, Vir ginia, in 1745; received a scanty education; settled on the Holston River in North Carolina (now Tennessee) in 1769; became a noted Indian fighter; served in the Revolutionary war, distinguishing himself at King s Mountain in 1780; commanded the expedition which defeated the Creek and Cherokee Indians in 1789; was a general in the Provisional United-States army; was governor of Tennessee 1796-1801, 1803-1809 ; was elected a representative from North Carolina in the First Congress as a Democrat, serving from June 16, 1790, to March 3, 1791; was- elected a repre sentative from Tennessee in the Twelfth Congress ; was re-elected to the Thirteenth Congress, serving from Novembe r 4, 1811, to March 2, 1815; was ap pointed by President Monroe one of the commis sioners to locate the boundaries of the Creek Terri tory, and died, while performing that service, at Fort Decatur, Alabama, September 24, 1815. Sewall, Charles S., was born at Elkton, Mary land ; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Twenty-second Congress (in place of George E. Mitchell, deceased), serving from December 3, 1832, to March 2, 1833. Sewall, Samuel, was born at Boston, Massa chusetts, December 11, 1757; received a classical education, graduating at Harvard College in 1776; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and com menced practice at Marblehead, Massachusetts ; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Fifth Congress; was re-elected to the Sixth Con gress, serving from May 15, 1797, to January 10, 1800, when he resigned to accept the position of judge of the Supreme Court of Massachusetts ; was appointed chief justice of that court in 1813; died while holding court at Wiscasset, Massachusetts (now Maine), June 8, 1814. Sewai d, James L., was born in Georgia; re ceived an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Thomasville, Georgia; was a member of the State legislature 1836-1842; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Thirty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 4,429 votes against 4,238 votes STATISTICAL SKETCHES. for Barton, Whig; was re-elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress, receiving 6,179 votes against 4,541 votes for Varnadoe, American ; was re-elected to the Thir ty-fifth Congress, receiving 5,870 votes against 5,093 votes for Barton, American, and 508 votes for Gaul- den, Independent Democrat, serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1859. Seward, William H., was bom at Florida, New York, May 16, 1801; received a classical educa tion, graduating at Union College in 1820; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1822, and com menced practice at Auburn in 1823; was a member of the National Anti-Masonic Convention which met at Philadelphia September 11, 1830; was a member of the State Senate 1830-1834; was defeated as the Whig candidate for governor in 1834; was governor of the State of New York 1838-1842; was elected a United-States senator from New York as a Whig, and re-elected, serving from March 4, 1849, until he resigned to enter the cabinet of President Lincoln as secretary of state March 5, 1861, serving until March 3, 1869; he travelled around the world in 1870-1871; and died at Auburn, New York, October 10, 1872. He published the " Life and Public Ser vices of John Quincy Adams ;" and his own "Life and Speeches " was published by George E. Baker. Sewell, James, was elected as a representative from Maryland in the Twenty-seventh Congress (in the place of James S. Williams, deceased), and served from January 1, 1843, to March 3, 1843. Sexton, Leonidas, was born at Rushville, In diana, May 19, 1827; received a classical education, graduating at Jefferson College, Canonsburg, Penn sylvania, in 1847 ; studied law at Rushville with A. W. Hubbard, and at the Cincinnati Law School in the winter of 1848-1849, while William Groesbeck, William Green, and Charles Telford were the pro fessors ; was admitted to the bar in 1850, and prac tised at Rushville; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1856; was lieutenant-governor of Indiana from January, 1873, to January, 1877; and was elected a representative from Indiana in the Forty-fifth Congress as a Republican, receiv ing 14,fc02 votes against 14,507 votes for Lewis J. Woolen, Democrat, and 378 votes for William L. Bright, Independent Greenback, serving from Octo ber 15, 1877. Seybert, Adam, was born at Philadelphia in 1773; received a classical education, and devoted himself to chemistry and mineralogy ; visited Europe in 1793, and studied at London, Edinburgh, and Gottingen ; was elected a representative from Penn sylvania in the Eleventh Congress (in place of Benjamin Say, resigned) as a Democrat; was re- elected to the Twelfth Congress, receiving 6,276 votes against 4,343 votes for Thomas Truxton ; was re-elected to the Thirteenth Congress, serving from November 27, 1809, to March 2, 1815; was again elected to the Fifteenth Congress, serving from De cember 1, 1817, to March 3, 1819; revisited Europe, and died at Paris May 2, 1825. He published "Sta tistical Annals of the United States 1789 to 1818," a " Dissertation on Putrefaction of the Blood," " Ex periments on Land and Sea Air," and several papers in the Transactions of the American Philosophical Society. Seymour, David Lowrey, was born at Wethersiield, Connecticut, December 2, 1803; re ceived a classical education, graduating at Yale Col lege in 1826; was a tutor at Yale College 1828-1830; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Troy, New York; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1836; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 5,419 votes against 5,335 votes for Stevenson, Whig, and 79 votes for Sheldon, Abolitionist, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1845; was again elected to the Thirty-second Congress, receiving 5,811 votes against 5,594 votes for Sage, Whig, serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1853; died at Lanesborough, Mas sachusetts, October 11, 1867. Seymour, Horatio, was born at Litchfield, Connecticut, May 31, 1778; received a classical edu cation, graduating at Yale College in 1797; studied law at the Litchfield Law School ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Middlebury, Vermont; was judge of probate and a member of the State Council; was elected a United-States senator from Vermont as a Clay Democrat, serving from December 3, 1821, to March 2, 1833; died at Middlebury November 21, 1857. Seymour, Origen S., was born at Litchfield, Connecticut, in 1804; received an academical educa tion; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Litchfield ; was a member of the State House of Representatives and its speaker in 1850; was elected a representative from Connecti cut in the Thirty-second Congress as a Democrat, receiving 8,633 votes against 8,485 votes for Butler, Whig; was re-elected to the Thirty-third Congress, serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1855; was a judge of the Superior Court of Connecticut for eight years. Seymour, Thomas H., was born at Hartford, Connecticut, in 1808; received a classical education, graduating at Midclletown Military Academy ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice at Hartford; was an editor; was judge of pro bate ; was elected a representative from Connecticut in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, serv ing from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1845 ; served in the Mexican war as major of the New-England regiment, which he commanded, after the fall of Colonel Ransom, until the close of the war; was a presidential elector on the Pierce and King ticket in 1852 ; was governor of the State of Connecticut 1850- 1853; was appointed by President Pierce minister to Russia, serving May 24, 1853- July 17, 1858; died at Hartford, Connecticut, September 3, 1868. Seymour, William, was born in Connecticut; removed to New York, and located at Binghamton ; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 7, 1835, to March 3, 1837. Shafer, Jacob K.., was born in Rockingham County, Virginia, December 26, 1823 ; was educated at Washington College, Virginia; graduated in the law-school of Judge Lucas P. Thompson, in Stanton, in 1846; in 1849 removed to Stockton, California; in 1850 was elected district-attorney of the Fifth Ju dicial District of California; in 1852 was elected mayor of Stockton; in 1853 was elected judge of San Joaquiii County, California, and continued in office until 1862, when he removed to Washington ,now Idaho) Territory, and was elected delegate from Idaho in the Forty-first Congress as a Demo crat over Butler, Republican, and May, Independent Democrat (majority over Butler, 884), serving from March 4, 1869, to March 3. 1871. Shallenberger, William S., was born at Mount Pleasant, Westmoreland County, Pennsyl vania, November 24, 1839; was educated at public schools and at Lewisburg University; engaged in mercantile pursuits; entered the Union army in 1862 in the One Hundred and Fortieth Regiment of Pennsylvania Volunteers, and was soon afterward appointed adjutant of the regiment ; was wounded in the battles of Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, and the Wilderness, and was mustered out of service in October, 1864, on account of disability from wounds received ; was chairman of the Beaver-county Repub lican Committee in 1872 and 1874 ; and was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Forty-fifth Congress as a Republican, receiving 13,151 votes against 10,648 votes for R. B. McComb, Democrat and Greenback, and 106 votes for J. D. Glenn, Tem perance, serving from October 15, 1877. Shanklin, George S., was born in Kentucky, and resided at Nicholasville ; was a presidential 618 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. elector on the McClellan and Pendleton ticket in 1864; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Thirty-ninth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 7,624 votes against 3,943 votes for Speed S. Fry, Republican, serving from December 4, 1805, to March 3, 1867. Shanks, John P. C., was born at Martinsburg, Virginia, June 17, 1826; received an academic edu cation ; studied law, and commenced its practice in Indiana; was a member of the legislature of Indiana in 1854; served in the Union army on General Fre mont s staff; raised the Seventh Regiment Indiana Volunteer Cavalry, and commanded it until placed in command of a brigade of cavalry; was brevetted major-general February 14, 1865, and mustered out of service September 22, 1865 ; was elected a repre sentative from Indiana in the Thirty-seventh Con gress as a Republican, receiving 13,885 votes against 11,796 votes for Asbury Steele, Democrat, serving from July 4, 1861, to March 3, 1863; was again elected to the Fortieth Congress, receiving 18,145 votes against 15,268 votes for Snow; was re-elected to the "Forty-first Congress, receiving 15,597 votes against 14,656 votes for Lowry, Democrat; was re- elected to the Forty-second Congress, receiving 13,790 votes against 13,396 votes for Colerick, Demo crat ; and was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress as a Republican, receiving 17,115 votes against 17,082 votes for J. E. Neff, Democrat, serving from March 4, 1807, to March 3, 1875 ; practised law at Washing ton City. Shannon, Thomas, resided at Barnesville, Ohio ; was a member of the State legislature ; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Nineteenth Congress (in place of David Jennings, resigned), serving from December 4, 1826, to March 3, 1827. Shannon, Thomas B., was born in Westmore land County, Pennsylvania, in 1827; received a public-school education; removed in 1844 to Illinois, and thence in 1849 to California; was engaged in mercantile pursuits 1854-1861 ; was for four years a member of the State legislature ; was elected a rep resentative from California in the Thirty-eighth Con gress as a Republican, serving from December 7, 1863, to March 3, 1805 ; was appointed collector of customs at the port of San Francisco. Shannon, "Wilson, was born in P>elmont Coun ty, Ohio, February 24, 1802; received a classical education, graduating at Transylvania College, Ken tucky; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at St. Clairsville, Ohio; was State prosecuting-attorney in 1835 ; was governor of Ohio in 1838-1840; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for governor by Thomas Corwin, Whig, who had 19,000 majority; was again governor of Ohio 1842-1844; was minister to Mexico April 9, 1844-May 14, 1845; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirty-third Congress as a Demo crat, receiving 7,142 votes against 6,054 votes for Hollister, Whig, serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855; was governor of Kansas 1855-1856; died at Stanstead, Canada, September 1, 1877. Sharon, William, was born at Smithfield, Ohio, January 9, 1821 ; was raised on a farm ; entered Athens College in 1842, and remained there two years; studied law with Edwin M. Stanton; was admitted to the bar at St. Louis, and commenced practice; his health failing, he engaged in mercantile pursuits at Carrollton, Illinois; in 1849 he removed to California, and commenced business at Sacra mento ; in 1850 he went to San Francisco, where he operated in real estate ; in 1864 removed to Nevada as the manager of a branch of the Bank of Cali fornia, and became largely interested in mines; was elected a United-States senator from Nevada as a Republican (to succeed W. M. Stewart, Republican). His term of service will expire March 3, 1881. ^Sharp, Solomon P., was born in Virginia in 1780; removed to Kentucky when a child; received a public-school education ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar in 1799, and commenced practice ; was sev eral years a member of the State House of Representa tives ; was attorney-general of Kentucky ; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Thirteenth Con- ress as a Democrat ; was re-elected to the Fourteenth Congress, serving from May 24, 1813, to March 3, 1817 ; was assassinated when a member of the State House of Representatives in November, 1835, and the murderer escaped detection, although the legisla ture offered a reward of $3,000 for his arrest. Sharpe, Peter, was born at New York ; received a public-school education; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1814-1820; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention of 1821 ; was elected a representative from New York in the Eigh teenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1823, to March 3, 1825 ; was a delegate to the National Tariff Convention held_ in 1827. Sharpe, William, was born in Cecil County, Maryland, December 13, 1742; received a classical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Mecklenburg, North Carolina, in 1763; was active in pre-Revolutionary movements; was a delegate from North Carolina to the Continen tal Congress 1779-1782; served in the expedition against the Southern Indians as aide-de-camp to General Rutherford, and was one of the commission ers to negotiate a treaty with them in 1777; died in Iredell County, North Carolina, in July, 1818. Shaw, Aaron, was bom in Orange County, New York, in 1811 ; received a public-school education ; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Lawrenceville; was State s attorney for the Fourth Judicial Circuit; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1849-1850; was elect ed a representative from Illinois in the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 12,994 votes against 9,878 votes for Brown well, Republican, serving from December 7, 1857, to March 3, 1859. Shaw, Henry, was born in Windham County, Vermont, in 1788 ; received an academical education ; studied law with Jxidge Foot at Albany, New York; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Lanesborough, Massachusetts, in 1810; was one of the pioneers in the introduction of manufactures into Western Massachusetts ; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Fifteenth Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Sixteenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1817, to March 3, 1821 ; de clined a renomination ; was a member of the State House of Representatives for eighteen years ; was a presidential elector in 1833; removed in 1848 to New- York City, where he was a member of the Board of Education and of the common council ; was a mem ber of the State House of Representatives in 1853; removed in 1854 to Newbury, where he resided until within a few months of his death at Peekskill, New York, October 17, 1857. Shaw, Henry M., was born at Newport, Rhode Island, November 20, 1819; received an academical education; studied medicine; graduated at the Uni versity of Pennsylvania, and commenced practice at Indian Town, North Carolina; was elected a repre sentative from North Carolina in the Thirty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 4,833 votes against 4,740 votes for Outlaw,Whig, serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855; was again elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving 5,293 votes against 5,255 votes for Smith, American, serving from De cember 7, 1857, to March 3, 1859; served as a colonel in the Confederate army, and was killed near New Berne, North Carolina, February 23, 1864. Shaw, Samuel, was born at Dighton, Massa chusetts, December, 1768; received a public-school education; was taken to Putney, Vermont, when a lad; studied medicine, and commenced practice at Castleton, Vermont, in 1799; he was convicted under the sedition law for his denunciation of President Adams, and imprisoned, but was liberated by the people; was a member of the State House of Repre- STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 619 sentatives in 1799; was a member of the State Coun cil; was elected a representative from Vermont in the Tenth Congress (in place of James Witherall, re signed) as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Elev enth Congress, receiving 1,106 majority; was re-elect ed to the Twelfth Congress, receiving 1,275 majority, serving from November 8, 1808, to March 3, 1813; served in the army as post and hospital surgeon April 5, 1813-Decernber 31, 1818; died at Clarendon, Ver mont, October 22, 1827. Shaw, Tristam, was born at Exeter, New Hampshire, in 1787; received an academic education; was a councillor for Rockingham County; was elect ed a representative from New Hampshire in the Twenty-sixth Congress as a Democrat ; was re-elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress, serving from De cember 2, 1839, to March 3, 1843; died at Exeter, New Hampshire, March 14, 1843. Sheaf e, James, was born in 1755; received a public-school education; engaged in shipping and mercantile pursuits with great success; was elected a representative from New Hampshire in the Sixth Congress as a Federalist, receiving 1,035 votes against 542 votes for Woodbury Langdon, Democrat, serving from December 2, 1779, to March 3, 1801 ; was elected a United-States senator from New Hampshire as a Federalist, serving from December 7, 180J, to 1802, when he resigned; was defeated as the Federal can didate for governor in 1810 by William Plumer, Dem ocrat ; died at Portsmouth, New Hampshire, in 1829. Sheakley, James, was born at Sheakleyville, Pennsylvania, April 24, 1830; received a liberal edu cation ; was raised on a farm ; removed to California in 1851, and spent three years in the gold-mines; re turned to Pennsylvania in 1854, and engaged in mer cantile pursuits, and after 1864 was largely interested iu the production and shipment of petroleum ; and was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 12,819 votes against 12,737 votes for J. G. White, Re publican, serving from December 6, 1875, to March 3, 1877. Sheats, Charles Christopher, was born in Walker County, April 10, 1839; received a common- school education; was elected a member of the Se cession Convention in 1860, and was one of the sev enteen who absolutely refused to sign the ordinance of separation; was elected to the lower House of the General Assembly of Alabama in 1861, and was expelled for his adherence to Unionism in 1862; was indicted for treason to the Confederate Government and imprisoned in 1862, but could not obtain a trial, and was kept in close confinement until after the close of the war; was elected a member of the Con stitutional Convention in 1865; was a candidate for Congress in 1865, but was defeated, as there were four Union candidates; was admitted to the bar in 1807, and practised ; was a presidential elector on the Grant ticket in 1868; was appointed consul at Elsi- nore, Denmark, in 1869, which position he occupied until he was elected a representative from Alabama in the Forty-third Congress as a Republican for the State at large, receiving 89,868 votes, serving from December 1, 1873,_to March 3, 1875. Sheffer, Daniel, was bom in Pennsylvania; re sided at York; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1839. Sheffey, Daniel, was born at Frederick, Mary land, in 1770; was bred a shoemaker in his father s shop, but became proficient in astronomical and mathematical studies; arriving at manhood, he walked into Virginia, carrying his tools, and finally located at Abbeville ; studied law under Alexander Smyth ; was admitted to the bar, and soon enjoyed a lucrative practice; was elected from Augusta County to the House of Delegates; was elected a representative from Virginia to the Eleventh, Twelfth, Thirteenth, and Fourteenth Congresses as a Federal ist, serving from May 22, 1809, to March 3, 1817; died in Augusta County, Virginia, December 3, 1830. Sheffield, William P., was bom at New Shore- ham (Block Island), Rhode Island, August 30, 1820; received an academical education; studied law at Hartford College ; was admitted to the bar in 1844, and commenced practice at New Shoreham; was a delegate to State Constitutional Conventions in 1841 and 1842 ; was a member of the State House of Rep resentatives in 1845; removed to Tiverton, and -\vas a member of the State House of Representatives from that place 1849-1853; removed to Newport, which city he represented in the State House of Represen tatives 1857-1861 ; was elected a representative from Rhode Island in the Thirty-seventh Congress as a Union candidate, receiving 6,998 votes against 6,656 votes for Robinson, Republican, serving from July 4, 1861, to March 3, 1863; was again elected, for many successive years, a member of the State House of Representatives; was appointed in 1861 one of the commissioners to revise the State laws. Sheldon, Lionel A., was born in Otsego Coun ty, New York, August 30, 1831 ; was taken by his parents, when he was four years of age, to Ohio, where he was raised on a farm, attending the district- school during the winter months, and at times, when he became older, teaching school himself ; graduated at Oberlin College, Ohio ; studied law at Elyria, Ohio, and Poughkeepsie, New York; was admitted to the bar in 1853, and commenced practice at Elyria; was elected judge of probate, and served one term, but declined a nomination ; was a delegate to the Repub lican Convention at Philadelphia in 1856, and voted there for the nomination of John C. Fremont; was commissioned brigadier-general of militia by Gov ernor Chase, and took an active part in raising volun teers at the beginning of the war; entered the Union army in August, 1861, as captain of cavalry; was soon after chosen major of the Second Ohio Cavalry, and subsequently became, by transfer, lieutenant- colonel of the Forty-second Ohio Infantry, which regiment he afterwards commanded; he served in West Virginia, Kentucky, and East Tennessee, and in November, 1862, when his regiment had been placed under General Sherman at Memphis, he was placed in command of a brigade which participated prominently in the battles of Chickasaw Bayou and Arkansas Post; in 1863 he was placed in command of the Second Brigade of the Ninth Division of the Thirteenth Army Corps, which was the first to land on the east side of the Mississippi, and which was engaged in the battle of Port Gibson (where he was wounded), and the battles which resulted in the cap ture of Vicksburg, and subsequent skirmishes ; after the war he settled in New Orleans, where he engaged in the practice of his profession; and he was elected a representative from Louisiana in the Forty-first Congress as a Republican, receiving 8,751 votes against 6,968 votes for Hunt, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress, receiving 13,220 votes against 8,123 votes for A. Bailey, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress, receiving 12,299 votes against 12,225 votes for E. Lawrence, Democrat, serving from April 8, 1869, to March 3, 1875. Sheldon, Porter, was bom at Victor, New York, September 29, 1831 ; received an academic edu cation; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1854; practised his profession at Randolph, New York, until 1857, when he removed to Rockford, Illi nois, where he continued the practice of his profes sion until 1865, when he returned to Chautauqua in his native State ; in 1861 he was a member of the Constitutional Convention of Illinois; and he was elected a representative from New York in the For ty-first Congress as a Republican, receiving 15,416 votes against 8,433 votes for Beggs, Democrat, serv ing from March 4, 1869, to March 3, 1871. Shellabarger, Samuel, was bom in Clarke County, Ohio, December 10, 1817 ; received a classical 620 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. education, graduating in 1841 at the Miami Univer sity ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and prac tised at Springfield, Ohio; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1852 and 1853 ; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirty-seventh Con gress as a Republican, receiving 10,931 votes against 7,831 votes for J. S. Harrison, Democrat, and 232 votes for E. P. Tyffer, American, serving from July 4, 1861, to March 3, 1803; was defeated as the Repub lican candidate for the Thirty-eighth Congress, re ceiving 10,100 votes against 10,372 votes for S. S. Cox, Democrat; was again elected to the Thirty- ninth Congress, receiving 12,756 votes against 9,587 votes for S. S. Cox, Democrat ; was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, receiving 13,689 votes against 11,516 votes for Miller, Democrat, serving from De cember 4, 1865, to March 3, 1869 ; was appointed by President Grant minister to Portugal, serving from April 21, 1869, to December 31, 1869; was again elected to the Forty-second Congress, receiving 13,488 votes against 12,060 votes for H. J. Jewett, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 5, 1873; practised law at Washington City. Shelley, Charles M., was born in Sullivan County, Tennessee, December 28, 1833; removed to Alabama with his father in 1836; received but a lim ited education; was brought up to the trade of an architect and builder, and has ever since followed that business; he entered the Confederate service in February, 1861, as lieutenant, and was stationed first at Fort Morgan, and was afterwards attached to the Fifth Alabama Regiment; after further service he was commissioned brigadier-general, and served un der Generals Joseph E. Johnston and Hood; after the war lie returned to his occupation, and now re sides in Selma, Dallas County, Alabama; he was elected a representative from Alabama in the Forty- fifth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 9,685 votes against 8,675 votes for Jere Haralspn, Republican, and 7,236 votes for James T. Rapier, Republican, serving from October 15, 1877. Shepard, Charles, was born at New Berne, North Carolina, December 5, 1807 ; received a classical education, graduating at Chapel Hill in 1827; was elected a representative from North Carolina in the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty-sixth Congress, receiving 261 majority over Biddle, Whig, serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1841 ; died at New Berne, North Carolina, October 31, 1843. Shepard, William Biddle, was born in New Berne, North Carolina, in 1799; received a classical education, graduating at the University of North Carolina; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Elizabeth City; was elected a representative from North Carolina in the Twen tieth Congress as a Whig, and successively re-elected to the Twenty-first, Twenty-second, and Twenty- third Congresses, and to the Twenty-fourth Congress, receiving 2,534 votes against 429 votes for Pipkin, Democrat, serving from December 3, 1827, until March 3, 1837, when he declined a re-election; was a member of the State Senate of North Carolina 1838- 1848; and died at Elizabeth City, North Carolina, June 20, 1852. Shepherd, William, was born in Massachu setts December 1, 1737; served in the Revolutionary army as captain, distinguishing himself at the en gagements at Fort William Henry and Crown Point, and was appointed a brigadier-general in 1783; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Fifth Congress; was re-elected to the Sixth and Sev enth Congresses, serving from May 15, 1797, to March 3, 1803; was major-general of militia; died at West- field, Massachusetts, November 11, 1817. Shepley, Ether, was born at Groton, Massa chusetts, November 2, 1789; received a classical edu cation, graduating at Dartmouth College in 1811; studied law at South Berwick; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Saco (then in Mas sachusetts, now in Maine) ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1819 f was a delegate to the Convention which framed the Constitution of Maine in 1820; was United-States attorney for the district of Maine 1821-1833; removed to Portland; was elected a United-States senator from Maine as a Democrat, serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1836, when he resigned, having been chosen a jus tice of the Supreme Court of Maine, and subse quently chief justice, which latter position he held until 1855; was appointed in 1856 sole commissioner to revise the statutes of Maine; died at Portland, Maine, January 15, 1877. He published "The Re vised Statutes of Maine," and, while on the bench, furnished the materials for twenty-six volumes of Reports. Sheplor, Matthias, was born in Pennsylvania; removed to Ohio, locating at Bethlehem ; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Twenty-fifth Con gress as a Van Buren Democrat, serving from Sep tember 4, 1837, to March 3, 1839. Sheppard, Augustus H., was born at Rock- ford, North Carolina; received an academic educa tion; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Surry County ; was a member of the House of Commons of North Carolina in 1822, 1823, 1824, 1825, and 1826; was elected a representa tive in the* Twentieth Congress, and successively re- elected to the Twenty-first, Twenty-second, Twenty- third, Twenty-fourth, and Twenty-fifth Congresses, serving from December 7, 1829, until March 3, 1839; was a candidate for re-election in 1839 as a Whig, but was defeated, receiving 3,696 votes against 3,743 votes for John Hill, Democrat; was again elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress as a Whig, serving from May 31, 1841, until March 3, 1843; was again elected to the Thirtieth Congress as a Whig, receiving 4,022 votes against 2,634 votes for Clemmons, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Thirty-first Congress as a Whig, receiving 4,405 votes against 3,138 votes for Keene, Democrat, serving from December 6, 1847, until March 3, 1851. Sherburne, John Samuel, was born at Ports mouth, New Hampshire, in 1757 ; received a classical education, graduating at Dartmouth College in 1776; studied law; attended the Cambridge Law School; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Portsmouth; served as brigade-major on the staff of General Whipple (who commanded a brigade of New- Hampshire troops in the Rhode-Island campaign), and lost a leg at the battle of Butt s Hill August 29, 1778; was elected a representative from New Hamp shire to tfc* Third Congress, and was re-elected to the Fourth Congress, serving from December 2, 1793, until March 3, 1797; was appointed by Presi dent Jefferson United-States attorney for the district of New Hampshire, serving 1801-1804, and United- States judge for the district of New Hampshire, serving from May, 1804, until he died, at Portsmouth, New Hampshire, August 2, 1830. Sheredine, Upton, was elected a representa tive from Maryland in the Second Congress, serving from October 24, 1791, to March 2, 1793. Sheridan, George A., was born at Millbury, Massachusetts, February 22, 1840; received a good English education ; removed to Illinois ; entered the Union army as captain of the Eighty-eighth Illinois Volunteers; went to Louisiana in 1866; was elected sheriff of Carroll Parish in 1867 ; was appointed ad jutant-general of Louisiana in 1869; was elected a representative at large from Louisiana in the Forty- third Congress as a Liberal, defeating P. B. S. Pinch- back, who contested the seat, but the Hovise awarded it to Mr. Sheridan in the closing hours of the session ; visited Mexico ; took an active part in the presiden tial campaign of 1876; delivered a eulogy on Senator Morton throughout Indiana in aid of a monument to his memory; was appointed by President Hayes in 1878 recorder of deeds for the District of Columbia. Sherman, John, was born at Lancaster, Ohio, STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 621 May 10, 1823; received an academic education; studied law with his brother, Charles T. Sherman, at Mansfield; was admitted to the bar in 1844, and commenced practice in partnership with his brother at Mansfield ; was a delegate to the Whig National Conventions of 1848 and 1852 ; was elected a repre sentative from Ohio in the Thirty-fourth Congress as a Republican, receiving 8,017 votes against 5,794 votes for Lindley, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving 9,926 votes against 7,005 votes for Brumback, Democrat ; was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving 9,420 votes against 7,095 votes for Patrick, Democrat; was re- efected to the Thirty-seventh Congress, receiving 11,428 votes against 8,504 votes for Burns, Democrat, serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1801; was elected a United-States senator from Ohio to succeed George E. Pugh, Democrat (S. P. Chase, who had previously been elected, having been ap pointed secretary of the treasury), and was twice re-elected, serving from March, 1801, to March 8, 1877, when he resigned ; was appointed secretary of the treasury by President Hayes, serving from March 9, 1877. Sherman, J. W., was born in New York; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Eepublican, receiving 13,807 votes against 5,032 votes for Richmond, Dem ocrat, and 2,758 votes for Cooley, American, serving from December 7, 1857, to March 3, 1859. Sherman, Roger, was born at Newton, Massa chusetts, April 19, 1721; received a public-school education; learned the shoemaker s trade, and went to New Milford, Connecticut, to work at it, carrying his tools on his back; engaged in mercantile pur suits; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1754, and commenced practice; was appointed judge of the Court of Common Pleas; removed to New Haven in 1701 ; was a member of the Colonial Assembly ; was judge of the Court of Common Pleas in 1705, and re mained on the bench until 1789; was a delegate from Connecticut to the Continental Congress 1774-1784; was a delegate to the Federal Constitutional Conven tion of 1787; was elected a representative from Con necticut in the First Congress, serving from March 4, 1789, to March 3, 1791 ; was elected a United-States sen ator from Connecticut (in place of William S. John son, resigned), serving from October 24, 1791, to July 23, 17SJ3, when he died at New Haven, Connecticut. Sherman, Socrates N., was born in Vermont; removed to New York, and located at Ogdensburg; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-seventh Congress as a Republican, receiving 10.134 votes against 7,450 votes for Foote, Democrat, serving from July 4, 1801, to March 3, 1803. Sherrill, Eliakim, was born in New York; received a public-school education; resided at Shan- dakin; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirtieth Congress as a Whig, serving from December 0, 1847, to March 3, 1849. Sherrod, William C., was born at Courtland, Alabama, August 17, 1835; prepared for college at Edgefield, North Carolina; was educated at Chapel- Hill College, North Carolina; was a cotton-planter; was a member of the National Democratic Conven tion held at Charleston in 1860; served in the State legislature of Alabama in 1859-1860; was an officer in the Confederate army during the war; and was elected a representative from Alabama in the Forty- first Congress as a Democrat, receiving 4,932 votes against 2,830 votes for Hinds, Republican, serving from December 7, 1869, to March 3, 1871. Sherwood, Henry, was born in Bridgeport, Connecticut, October 9, 1817; has devoted himself exclusively to the practice of law during the past twenty-four years ; and was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Forty-second Congress as a Democrat, receiving 13,205 votes against 13,178 votes for W. H. Armstrong, Republican, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1873. Sherwood, Isaac B., was born in Dutchess County, New York, August 13, 1835; was educated at the Hudson-River Institute, Claverack, New York, and at Antioch College, Ohio; studied law at the Cleveland Law Institute; located in 1857 at Bryan, his present residence, where he established a Radical paper, "The Williams-county Gazette;" in 1859 he was elected probate judge of Williams County, which office he resigned to enter the Union army as a private in the Fourteenth Ohio Volunteer Infantry April 18, 1801 ; after serving in the ranks for four months in West Virginia, and participating in several skirmishes, he was commissioned lieutenant in the One Hundred and Eleventh Ohio Volunteer Infantry ; was appointed adjutant; served in that capacity through the Buell campaign in Kentucky in 1802 ; was pro moted to be major February 1, 1803; participated in the campaign against John "Morgan, and in the East Tennessee campaign under General Burnside; was promoted to be lieutenant-colonel February 12, 1864, and commanded his regiment to the close of the war in numerous battles, receiving a brevet of brigadier- general for gallant and meritorious services; he edit ed "The Toledo Commercial," and for six months afterward was an editorial writer on "The Cleve land Leader;" he was elected secretary of state for Ohio in 1868, and re-elected in 1870; and he was elected a representative from Ohio in the Forty-third Congress as a Republican, receiving 13,471 votes against 12,406 votes for Frank H. Hurd, Democrat, serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1875. Sherwood, Samuel, was born in New York; received an academical education ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Delhi, New York; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirteenth Congress as a Federalist, serving from May 24, 1813, to March 2, 1815 ; removed to New York in 1833, and died there November 8, 1862. Sherwood, Samuel B., was born in Connect icut in 1767 ; received a classical education, gradu ating at Yale College in 1780; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Saugatuck, Connecticut; was a member of the State House of Representatives; was elected a representative from Connecticut in the Fifteenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1817, to March 3, 1819; died at Sauga tuck, Connecticut, April 27, 1833. Shiel, George K., was born in Ireland; immi grated to the United States, and located in Oregon ; was elected a representative from Oregon in the Thirty-seventh Congress as a Democrat, serving from July 4, 1801, to March 3, 1803. Shields, Benjamin G., resided at Demopolis, Alabama ; was elected a representative from Alabama in the Twenty-seventh Congress as a Whig, serving from May 31, 1841, to March 8, 1843; was charge d affaires at Venezuela March 14, 1845-January 7, 1850. Shields, Ebenezer J., was born in Georgia; removed to Tennessee, and located at Pulaski ; was elected a representative from Tennessee in the Twenty-fourth Congress as a Whig ; was re-elected to the Twenty-fifth Congress, serving from December 7, 1835, to March 3, 1839; died at Pulaski, Tennessee, May 20, 1S46. Shields, James, resided at Dick s Mills, Ohio; was a member of the State House of Representatives ; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Twenty- first Congress as a Jackson Democrat, receiving 1,700 majority over John Woods, serving from December 7, 1829, to March 3, 1831 ; died at Dick s Mills, Ohio, July 17, 1831. Shields, James, was born in Tyrone County, Ireland, in 1810; immigrated to the United States in 1826 ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar in 1832, and commenced practice at Kaskaskia, Illinois ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1836; was State auditor in 1839; was judge of the Supreme Court in 1843; was commissioner of the 622 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. General Land Office April 16, 1845-January 6, 1847; was appointed by President Polk brigadier-general of volunteers July 1, 1840, and served throughout the Mexican war, receiving severe wounds in the battles of Cerro Gordo and Chapultepec ; was brevetted major-general, and mustered out of service July 20, 1848; was elected a United-States senator from Illi nois as a Democrat, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1855; removed to Minnesota; was elect ed a United-States senator from Minnesota, serving from May 12, 1858, to March 3, 1859 ; removed to California; was appointed brigadier-general in the Union army August 19, 1801, and commanded a division in Banks s army in the Shenandoah Valley, where he gained the battle of Winchester March 23, 1802, having received a severe wound in the skirmish the preceding day; removed to Missouri, and settled on a farm in Carroll County; was appointed adjutant- general of the State in. 1877; was defeated in 1878 as a candidate for doorkeeper of the House of Represen tatives. Congress subsequently recognized his ser vices by increasing his pension to one hundred dollars a month. Shinn, William N., was born in New Jersey; was reared on a farm, and was a farmer at Mount Holly; was elected a representative from New Jer sey in the Twenty-third Congress as a Jackson Democrat on a general ticket, receiving 24,383 votes against 23,310 votes for Southard, Clay Democrat; and was re-elected to the Twenty-fourth Congress, receiving 1,300 majority, serving from December 2, 1S33, to March 3, 1837. Shipherd, Zebulon R., was born in Washing ton County, New York, and resided at Granville; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirteenth Congress as a Federalist, serving from May 24, 1813, to March 2, 1815; died at Moriah, New York. Shippen, "William, was born in Pennsylvania ; received a classical education, graduating at Prince ton College in 1754; studied medicine at Edinburgh, Scotland, and, on his return to Philadelphia, he de livered the first course of lectures on anatomy in the United States; was a founder of the Medical School of Philadelphia, in which he was the first professor of anatomy; was commissioned in 1777 medical di rector-general of the Continental army; was a dele gate from Pennsylvania to the Continental Congress 1778-1780; died at Philadelphia November 4, 1801. Shober, Francis E., was born in Salem, North Carolina, March 12, 1831 ; received an academic edu cation both in his native State and Pennsylvania; graduated at the University of North Carolina in June, 1851 ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1.854; was elected to the lower branch of the Gen eral Assembly of North Carolina in 1802 and 1804, and to the State Senate in 1805; was elected a repre sentative from North Carolina in the Forty-first Con gress as a Democrat, receiving 12,192 votes against 11,103 votes for Boyden, Republican; and was re- elected to the Forty-second Congress as a Democrat by a large majority, serving from March 4, 1809, to March 3, 1871. Shoemaker, Lazarus D., was born at King ston, Pennsylvania, November 5, 1819; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1840; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Wilkesbarre, Pennsylvania; was a member of the State Senate 1806-1808 ; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Forty-second Congress as a Republican, receiving 13,279 votes against 12,059 votes for J. B. McCollom. Democrat; and was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress, receiving 17,551 votes against 16,881 votes for S. Woodward, Democrat, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1875. Shorter, Eli S., was born at Monticello, Georgia, March 15, 1823; received a classical education, gradu ating at Yale College in 1843; studied law; was ad mitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Euf aula, but relinquished his profession for planting; was elected a representative from Alabama in the Thirty- fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 0,710 votes against 5,520 votes for Alford, American; was re- elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress (defeating Butt Patterson, an Independent candidate), serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1859. Shower, Jacob, was born in Maryland ; resided at Manchester; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Thirty-third Congress as an Inde pendent, receiving 7,240 votes against 6,330 votes for Wethered, Whig, serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855. Sibley, Henry H. (son of Solomon Sibley), was born at Detroit, Michigan, February, 1811; received an English education; passed his early life on the frontier as an Indian trader in the service of the American Fur Company; was elected a delegate from Wisconsin Territory in the Thirtieth Con gress, serving from January 15, 1849, to March 3, 1849; was elected a delegate from Minnesota Terri tory in the Thirty-first Congress ; was re-elected to the Thirty-second Congress, defeating A. M. Mitchell, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1853; was the first governor of the State of Minnesota in 1858; served in the Union army as brigadier-general of volunteers, and was brevetted major-general ; was a visitor to the Military Academy at West Point in 1807. Sibley, Jonas, was born at Sutton, Massachu setts, March 7, 1762 ; received a classical education ; held some of the principal town-ofiices in Sutton for thirty-five successive years; was a member of the State House of Representatives of Massachusetts in 1806-1823 (seventeen successive years); was chosen by the House to fill a vacancy occasioned in the Senate by death in 1819; was a presidential elector on the Monroe ticket in 1820 ; was elected a repre sentative from Massachusetts in the Eighteenth Con gress as a Democrat, defeating B. Adams, Federalist, and serving from December 1, 1823, to March 3, 1825 ; was defeated as a candidate for re-election after four successive trials ; died at Sutton, Massachusetts, February 10, 1834. Sibley, Mark H., was born at Great Barrington, Massachusetts, in 1790; received an academical edu cation; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1814, and commenced practice at Canandaigua; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1834- 1835; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Whig, serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1839 ; was a member of the State Senate in 1841 ; was a county-judge in 1847; died at Canandaigua, New York, September 8, 1852. Sibley, Solomon (father of Henry H. Sibley), was born at Sutton, Massachusetts, October 7, 1709; received a classical education ; studied law ; was ad mitted to the bar in 1795, and commenced practice at Marietta, Ohio, removing soon to Cincinnati, and to Detroit in 1797; was elected a representative from Michigan Territory in the Sixteenth Congress (in place of William W. Woodbridge, resigned); was re- elected to the Seventeenth Congress, receiving a plurality over Judge Woodward and Mr. McCloskey, serving from November 20, 1820, to March 3, 1823; was appointed judge of the State Supreme Court in 1824, and occupied the position until deafness forced him to resign in 1830; died at Detroit, Michigan, April 4, 1846. Sickles, Daniel E., was born in New York, October, 1821; received a public-school education; learned the art of printing; studied law; was admit ted to the bar in 1843, and commenced practice at New York ; was a member of the State House of Repre sentatives in 1847, and of the State Senate in 1865; was appointed by President Pierce secretary of lega tion to London, Mr. Buchanan being the minister; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 5,716 STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 623 votes against 2,905 votes for Duganne, American, and 2,126 votes for Peltoii, Republican; was re-elect ed to the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving 3.177 votes against 3,015 votes for Williamson, Republican, and 2,874 votes for Walbridge, Independent Democrat, serving from December 7, 1857, to March 3, 1801 ; on the 28th of February, 1859, he killed Philip Barton Key at Washington City for having had criminal connection with his wife, and was tried for murder, and acquitted; entered the Union army in 1861 as colonel of the New- York Excelsior Regiment, and served through the war, losing a leg at the battle of Gettysburg July 2, 1863, and was placed on the re tired list as major-general April 14, 18G9; was ap pointed by President Johnson minister to the Netherlands, but declined ; was a delegate from New York to the National Republican Convention at Chicago in 1868; was appointed by President Grant minister to Spain, serving May 15, 1869- December 20, 1873 ; returned to New York. Sickles, Nicholas, was born at Kinderhook, New York; resided at Kingston; was elected a rep resentative from New York in the Twenty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 2,446 votes against 2,063 votes for Barringer, Whig, serving from De cember 7, 1835, to March 3, 1837; died at Kingston, New York, May 13, 1845. Sill, Thomas H., was born in Connecticut; received an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Erie, Pennsylvania, in 1812; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Nineteenth Congress (in. place of Patrick Farrelly, deceased) as a Whig, serving from April 3, 1826, to March 3, 1827 ; was again elected to the Twenty-first Congress, serving from December 7, 1829, to March 3, 1831; was a presidential elector on the Taylor and Fillmore ticket in 1848. Silsbee, Nathaniel, was born in Essex County, Massachusetts, in 1773; received an academical edu cation ; engaged in mercantile pursuits ; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Fifteenth Congress as a Democrat, defeating Mr. Stephens, Federalist, by 7 votes ; was re-elected to the Sixteenth Congress, defeating Timothy Pickering, serving from December 1, 1817, to March 3, 1821; declined a re election ; was a member of the State House of Repre sentatives in 1821, and of the State Senate in 1823- 1825 ; was elected a United-States senator as a Demo crat (in place of James Lloyd, resigned), and was re-elected, serving from December 4, 1826, to March 3, 1835; died at Salem, Massachusetts, July 1, 1850. Silvester, Peter, was born in New York ; was a member of the Albany Committee of Safety in 1774 ; was a delegate to the New-York Provincial Congress May 8, 1775, to May 13, 1776 ; was elected a represen tative from New York in the First Congress, serving from March 4, 1789, to March 3, 1791 ; was a member of the State Senate 1797-1800; died at Kinderhook, New York, January 30, 1845. Simkins, Eldred, was born at " the Cedar Fields," Edgefield District, South Carolina, August 29, 1779 ; received a classical education at Dr. Wad- del s Wellington Academy; was three years at the Litchfield (Connecticut) Law School; then studied with Chancellor De Saussure; was admitted to the bar at Charleston in 1805, and commenced practice at Edgefield Court House in 1806; was repeatedly sent to the State legislature from his native district; was elected a representative from South Carolina in the Fifteenth Congress (as the successor of John C. Calhoun, who had accepted a position in Mr. Mon roe s cabinet), defeating Edmund Bacon and William Butler; and was re-elected to the Sixteenth Congress, serving from February 8, 1818, to March 3, 1821 ; de clined a re-election, resigning in favor of his partner, George McDuflie, and divided his time between his profession and his planting interests; and died on his plantation in 1832. Simmons, George A., was born in New Hampshire in 1791 ; received a classical education, graduating at Dartmouth College in 1816; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice at Keeseville, New York; was elected a repre sentative from New York in the Thirty-third Con gress as a Whig, receiving 7,093 votes against 6,852 votes for Ireland, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress, receiving 5,533 votes against 3,062 votes for Bailey, American, and 1,752 votes for Thomas, Democrat, serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1857; died at "Keeseville, New York, October 27, 1857. Simmons, James Fowler, was born at Little Compton, Rhode Island, September 10, 1795 ; received a thorough English education ; became a farmer and a manufacturer ; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1828-1841 ; was elected a United- States senator from Rhode Island as a W T hig, serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1847; was again elected a senator, serving from December 7, 1857, to December, 1862, when he resigned ; died at Johnson, Rhode Island, July 10, 1864. Simms, William E., was born in Kentucky; resided at Paris; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Demo crat, receiving 6,932 votes against 6,865 votes for Harlan, Opposition, serving from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 1861. Simons, Samuel, was born at Bridgeport, Con necticut, in 1777 ; received an academic education ; studied medicine, and practised at Bridgeport; was elected a representative from Connecticut in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1845; died at Bridge port, Connecticut, January 13, 1847. Simonton, William, was born at Hummels- town, Pennsylvania; held several local offices; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-sixth Congress as a Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress, receiving 2,640 votes against 2,131 votes for Hummel, Whig, serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1843 ; died at South Hanover, Pennsylvania, May 18, 1846. Simpson, John, was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Thirteenth Congress, but did not take his seat, as he raised a company of volun teers, which he commanded, for the expedition under General Winchester, and was massacred at the River Raisin January 22, 1813. Simpson, Richard F., was born in South Car olina; received a classical education, graduating at the University of South Carolina in 1816 ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Peiwlleton ; was a member of the State Senate; was elected a representative from South Carolina in the Twenty- eighth Congress as a Democrat ; was re-elected to the Twenty-ninth and Thirtieth Congresses, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1849. Sims, Alexander Dromgoole, was born in Brunswick County, Virginia, June 11, 1803; received a classical education at Chapel-Hill College, and at Union College, Schenectady, where he graduated ; removed to Darlington Court House, South Carolina, in 1826, to take charge of the academy there ; studied law while teaching; was admitted to the bar in 1829, and commenced practice at Darlington; was a mem ber of the State House of Representatives 1840-1844; was elected a representative from South Carolina in the Twenty-ninth Congress as a State-rights Demo crat, defeating John McQueen; was re-elected to the Thirtieth Congress by 39 majority, serving from De cember 1, 1845, until his death at Kingstree, South Carolina, whither he had gone to meet his constitu ents, November 16, 1848. Sims, Leonard H., was born in North Caro lina; removed to Missouri, and located at Spring field ; was elected a representative from Missouri in the Twenty-ninth Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1847. 624 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Singleton, Otho E., was born in Jessamine County, Kentucky, October 14, 1814; received a classical education, graduating at St. Joseph s Col lege, Bardstown, Kentucky ; studied law, and gradu ated at the Lexington Law School, and practised law; was a member of the State House of Representatives two years, and of the State Senate six years ; was a presidential elector on the Pierce and King ticket in 1852 ; was elected a representative from Mississippi in the Thirty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 8,367 votes against 6,669 votes for McClung, Whig, serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855; was defeated as the Democratic candidate to the Thirty-fourth Congress, receiving 5,729 votes against 5,907 votes for William A. Lake, Know-Nothing; was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving 6,279 votes against 5,130 votes for Lake, American; was re- elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving 8,040 votes against 2,376 votes for Smith, Opposition, re tiring January 12, 1861; was a representative from Mississippi in the Confederate Congress from 1861 until 18(55 ; served in the Confederate army as aide- de-camp to General Robert E. Lee; was elected to the Forty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving a majority of 9,652 votes over Jason Niles, Republican; and was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiv ing 19,130 votes against 4,547 votes for W. M. Han cock, Republican, serving from October 15, 1877. Singleton, Thomas D., was born in South Carolina; was elected a representative from that State in the Twenty-third Congress as a Nullifier, defeating Thomas R. Mitchell, Union Democrat; died, before taking his seat, in the fall of 1833. Sinnickson, Clement H., was born in Salem County, New Jersey, September 16, 1834; graduated from Union College, Schenectady, New York, in 1855; studied law with William L. Dayton at Tren ton; was admitted to the bar in 1858, and has since practised at Salem; entered the Union army in 1861 as lieutenant, and was elected captain in the Fourth New-Jersey Volunteer Infantry, in which he served for the period of its enlistment; and was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Republican, receiving 14,209 votes against 13,019 votes for C. Albertson, Democrat ; was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 17,362 votes against 15,472 votes for Simmerman, Demo crat, serving from December 6, 1875. Sinnickson, Thomas, was born in Salem County, New Jersey, in 1745; received a classical education, but turned his attention to mercantile pursuits; served in the Revolutionary war as cap tain ; was for many years a member of the Provin cial Council, and afterwards of the State House of Representatives; was presiding judge of the Court of Common Pleas ; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the First Congress, serving from March 4, 1789, to March 3, 1791 ; was again elected to the Fifth Congress, serving from May 15, 1797, to March 3, 1799 ; died at Salem, New Jersey, May 15, 1817. Sinnickson, Thomas, was born at Salem, New Jersey, December 13, 1786; received a public-school education; engaged in mercantile pursuits; was a member of the State House of Representatives for several years; was for twenty years a judge of the Court of Common Pleas; was a judge of the Court of Errors and Appeals ; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Twentieth Congress (in place of Hedge Thompson, deceased), serving from De cember 1, 1828, to March 3, 1829; died at Salem, New Jersey. Sitgreayes, Charles, was born at Easton, Pennsylvania, April 22, 1803; went to New Jersey in 1806; received a classical education; studied and practised law; was in the New-Jersey State military service from 1828 to 1838; was a member of the As sembly of New Jersey in 1831 and 1833; was a mem ber of the Legislative Council in 1834 and 1835 ; was a member of the State Senate of New Jersey in 1851, 1852, 1853, and 1854; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Thirty-ninth Congress, re ceiving 16,942 votes against 12,080 votes for Scran- ton, Republican ; and was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 15,768 votes against 12,955 votes for Davidson, Republican, serv ing from December 4, 1865, to March 3, 1869; was president of the Phillipsburg National Bank, and of the Belvidere and Delaware Railroad Company; died at PJiillipsburg, Pennsylvania, March 17, 1878. Sitgreaves, John, was born at New Berne, North Carolina ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and practised ; entered the Revolutionary army in 1776, and was aide-de-camp to Governor Caswell at the battle of Camden ; was a member of the Continental Congress 1784-1785 ; was a member of the House of Commons of North Carolina in 1786-1789; was ap pointed by President Jefferson United-States district- judge for North Carolina in 1789, and held the po sition until he died at Halifax, North Carolina, March 4, 1802. Sitgreaves, Samuel, was born at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; received an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and com menced practice at Easton, Pennsylvania; was a dele gate to the State Constitutional Convention in 1790; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Fourth Congress as a Federalist; was re-elected to the Fifth Congress, serving from December 7, 1795, to 1798, when he resigned, having been ap pointed by President Adams a commissioner to treat with Great Britain; died at Philadelphia April 4, 1824. Skelton, Charles, was born in Pennsylvania; removed to New Jersey, and resided at Trenton; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Thirty-second Congress as a Democrat, receiving 9,259 votes against 8,358 votes for Richards, Whig; was re-elected to the Thirty-third Congress, receiv ing 10,229 votes against 9,238 votes for Brown, Whig, serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1855. Skinner, Richard, was born at Litchfield, Con necticut, May 30, 1788; was educated at the Litch field Law School ; was admitted to the bar in 1800, and practised at Manchester, Vermont; was State attorney for Bennington County in 1801 ; was judge of probate 1806-1812; was elected a representative from Vermont in the Thirteenth Congress as a Democrat, serving from May 24, 1813, to March 2, 1815; was associate judge of the State Supreme Court in 1815, and chief justice in 1816; was a mem ber of the State House of Representatives and its speaker in 1818; was governor of Vermont 1820- 1823; was again chief justice of the State Supreme Court 1824-1829; died at Manchester, Vermont, May 23, 1833. Skinner, Thomson J., jun., was born in Massachusetts; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Fourth Congress (in place of Theodore Sedgwick, resigned) as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Fifth Congress, serving from Janu ary 27, 1797, to March 3, 1799; was again elected to the Eighth Congress, serving from October 17, 1803, to March 3, 1804 ; was appointed by President Jefferson commissioner of loans. Slade, Charles, received a public-school educa tion; resided at Carlyle, Illinois; held several local offices ; was elected a representative from Illinois in the Twenty-third Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 2, 1833, to July, 1834, when he died, on his way home, in Knox County, Indiana, after an illness of only twenty-four hours. Slade, William, was born at Cornwall, Ver mont, May 9, 1786; received a classical education, graduating at Middlebury College in 1807 ; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1810, and com menced practice at Middlebury; was a presidential elector on the Madison ticket in 1812 ; published and edited "The Columbian Patriot" 1814-1816; was secretary of state 1815-1823; was judge of the Addi- STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 625 son-county Court, and subsequently prosecuting- attorney for Addison County; was a clerk in the Department of State at Washington 1823-1829 ; was elected a representative from Vermont in the Twen ty-second Congress as a Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-third/Twenty-fourth, Twenty-fifth, Twenty- sixth, and Twenty-seventh Congresses, serving from December 5, 18:31, to March 3, 1843; was elected re porter of the decisions of the State Supreme Court; was governor of Vermont 1844-1846; was secretary of the National Board of Popular Education ; died at Middlebury, Vermont, January 18, 1850. Slater, James H., was born in Sangamon Coun ty, Illinois, in 1826; received a limited common- school education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practises; was elected a member of the lower House of the Territorial legislature in 1857 and 1858, and then a member of the lower House of the first State legislature; was elected in 1866 dis trict-attorney for the Fifth Judicial District of Ore gon, and served two years ; and was elected a repre sentative from Oregon in the Forty-second Congress as a Democrat, receiving 11,588 votes against 11,245 votes for J. G. Wilson, Republican, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1873. Slaymaker, Amos, was born in the London Lands, Pennsylvania, March 11, 1755; received a public-school education; served in the Revolution ary army as a private; became a farmer; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirteenth Congress (in place of James Whitehill, resigned), serving from December 12, 1814, to March 2, 1815; died at Salisbury, Pennsylvania, June 12, 1837. Siemens, William P., was born in Weakley County. Tennessee, March 15, 1830; was educated at Bethel College ; removed to Arkansas in 1852; stud ied law ; was admitted to the bar in 1855, and prac tised until 1861; was a member of the Arkansas State Convention in 1861 ; entered the Confederate army in July, 1861, and served through the war, after which he resumed the practice of law; was elected district-attorney in 1866, and reconstructed out of office in 1868 ; and was elected a representative from Arkansas in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 12,166 votes against 10,485 votes for John M. Clayton, Republican ; and was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 15,566 votes against 14,159 votes for O. P. Snyder, Republican, serving from December 6, 1875. Slidell, John, was born in New York in 1793 ; received an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at New Orleans ; was United-States district-attorney in 1829- 1833; was elected a representative from Louisiana in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a State-rights Demo crat ; was re-elected to the Twenty-ninth Congress, serving from December 4, 1843, to November 10, 1845, when he resigned, having been appointed by Presi dent Polk minister to Mexico, but, the Mexican Gov ernment refusing to receive him, he returned Janu ary 26, 1847; was elected a United-States senator from Louisiana (in place of Pierre Soule", resigned), and was re-elected, serving from December 5, 1853, to February 4, 1861, when he retired from the Senate ; was sent as commissioner to France by the Confed erate Government, and arrested at Havana on the English mail-steamer "Trent" November 8, 1861, by Captain Wilkcs, commanding the United-States frig ate " San Jacinto ; " was brought to the United States, and confined in Fort Warren, Boston Harbor, but soon released on the reclamation of the British Gov ernment; he sailed for England January 1, 1862, and resided in France and England until he died at Lon don July 29, 1871. Slingerland, John I., was born in Albany County, New York, March 1, 1804; received a public- school education ; engaged in agricultural pursuits at Bethlehem, near Albany; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1843; was elected a rep resentative from New York in the Thirtieth Congress as a Whig, serving from December 6, 1847, to March 3, 1849; died at Albany October 26, 1861. Sloan, Andrew, was born at McDonough, Geor gia, June 10, 1845; was educated at Marshall College, Georgia, and at Bethany College, West Virginia, which he left before graduating; read law without any tutor, and was admitted to the bar in April, 1866; was elected in May, 1866, county-solicitor of Henry County, Georgia, and resigned in the fall of 1866; removed to Savannah; was appointed deputy- collector of customs ; resigned in the spring of 1867, and resumed the practice of law; entered the United- States district-attorney s office at Savannah as an assistant; was afterward regularly appointed as United-States district-attorney, and held the posi tion until he resigned in the spring of 1872, acting at the same time as local counsel for the United States in regard to the cotton claims, and also under the Mixed Commission on British and American claims; was nominated as the Republican candidate for Congress, and was elected a representative from Georgia on the 5th of November, 1872, but Morgan Rawls was returned as representative elect, and ob tained the seat; contested the seat, attending to his own case before the House Committee on Elections, and was admitted on the 24th of March, 1874, it hav ing been decided that he had received 10,221 votes against 8,321 votes for Morgan Rawls, Democrat, serv- Tng to March 3, 1875. Sloan, A. Scott, was born at Morrisville, New York, in 1820; received an academical education; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Morrisville ; was elected clerk of Madison County in 1847; removed to Beaver Dam, Wisconsin, in 1854 ; was a member of the Wisconsin House of Representatives in 1856; was appointed a judge of the Circuit Court in 1858; was elected a representa tive from Wisconsin in the Thirty-seventh Congress as a Republican, receiving 34,002 votes against 28,986 votes for Larrabee, Democrat, serving from July 4, 1861, to March 3, 1863. Sloan, Ithamar C., was born in Madison Coun ty, New York; received a public-school education; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Janesville, Wisconsin, in 1854; was elect ed district-attorney in 1858 and 1860; was elected a representative from Wisconsin in the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Republican, receiving 13,324 votes against 11,059 votes for Guffy, Union; and was re- elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiving 15,538 votes against 10,045 votes for George B. Smith, Dem ocrat, serving from December 7, 1863, to March 3, 1867. Sloan, James, was born in New Jersey, and re sided in Gloucester County ; was elected a represen tative from New Jersey in the Eighth Congress ; was re-elected to the Ninth and Tenth Congresses, serv ing from October 17, 1803, to March 3, 1809; died in Gloucester County, New Jersey, in November, 1811. Sloane, John, was born at York, Pennsylvania, in 1779; removed to Ohio early in life; was a mem ber of the State House of Representatives 1804-1806, serving the last two years as speaker; was United- States receiver of public moneys at Canton 1808-1816, and afterwards at Wooster 1816-1819; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Sixteenth Congress; was re-elected to the Seventeenth, Eighteenth, Nine teenth, and Twentieth Congresses, serving from De cember 6, 1819, to March 3, 1829; was clerk of the Court of Common Pleas for seven years ; was secre tary of state for Ohio three years; was appointed by President Fillmore treasurer of the United States, serving from November 27, 1850, to April 1, 1853; died at Wooster, Ohio, May 15, 1856. Sloane, Jonathan, was born in Massachusetts; removed to Ohio, and settled at Ravenna; was elect ed a representative from Ohio in the Twenty-third Congress as a Whig ; was re-elected to the Twenty- fourth Congress, serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1837. 626 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Slocum, Henry W M was born at Delphi, New York, September 24, 1827 ; graduated at West-Point Academy in 1852; on receiving the appointment of second lieutenant, he was assigned to duty in Florida, where he spent about one year; and from 1853 to 1850, as a first lieutenant, he was on duty at Fort Moultrie, on leaving which he resigned his com mission; studied law, and was engaged in its practice at Syracuse from 1850 to 1801 ; in 1859 he was elected to the State legislature, and from 1859 to 1801 he was instructor of artillery in the New- York militia; entered tbe Union army, when the Rebellion com menced, as colonel of the Twenty-seventh Regiment of New- York Volunteers, and, before the close of 1801, was made a brigadier-general of volunteers ; in 1802 he was appointed a major-general, and served till the end of hostilities ; in 1805 he was the Democratic can didate for secretary of state of New York, but was defeated, after which he settled at Brooklyn in the practice of law; in 1808 he was chosen a presidential elector; he was elected a representative from New York in the Forty-first Congress as a Democrat, re ceiving 10,598 votes against 13,734 votes for Booth, Republican ; was re-elected to the Forty-second Con- fress as a Democrat, receiving 13,799 votes against ,023 votes for E. D. Webster, Republican, and 3,248 votes for R. M. Whiting, jun., Independent Repub lican, serving from March 4, 1809, to March 3, 1873. Slocumb, Jesse, was born in North Carolina in 1782; was elected a representative from North Caro lina in the Fifteenth Congress as a Federalist; was re-elected to the Sixteenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1817, to December 20, 1820, when he died of pleurisy, after ten days illness, at Washington City. Sloss, Joseph H., was born at Somerville, Ala bama, October 12, 1820; received an academic educa tion at Florence, Alabama; studied law at Athens, Tennessee; settled at Edwardsville, Illinois, in 1849; was a member of the legislature of Illinois in 1858- 1859; at the commencement of hostilities in 1801, re turned to Alabama, and joined the Confederate army, in which he served until the close of the war; was elected mayor of Tuscumbia soon after the war, and continued in that office (except a short time when he was suspended by the United-States officer com manding in that department) until 1870, when he was elected a representative from Alabama in the Forty-second Congress as a Conservative Democrat, receiving 9,221 votes against 4,008 votes for J. H. Masterton, Republican; was re-elected to the Forty- third Congress, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1875 ; was defeated as the Independent Democratic candidate for the Forty-fourth Congress, receiving 9,172 votes against 15,048 votes for^G. W. Hewitt, Democrat. Small, William B., was born at Limington, Maine; received an academic education ; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at New Market, New Hampshire, in 1840 ; served two terms as solicitor of Rockingham County; left the Democratic party when Fort Sumter was fired upon; was a member of the State Senate in 1870 ; was elected njnred by track at Rochester, and died a few weeks afterwards at New Market, New Hampshire, April 7, 1875. ^ Smalls, Robert, was born at Beayfort, South Carolina, April 5, 1839; being a slave, was debarred by statute from attending school, but educated him self with such limited .advantages as he could secure; removed to Cliarleston in 1851; worked as a rigger, and led a seafaring life; became connected in i" 801 with "The Planter,". a. steamer plying in Charleston Harbor as a transport, which he took over Charles ton Bar in May, 1802, .and delivered her and his services to the commander of the United-States blockading squadron; was appointed pilot in the United-States navy, and served in that capacity on the monitor "Keokuk" in the attack on Fort Sum ter; served as pilot in the quartermaster s depart ment, and was promoted as captain for gallant and meritorious conduct December 1, 1803, and placed in command of "The Planter," serving until she was put out of commission in 1800; was elected a member of the State Constitutional Convention of 1808; was elected a member of the State House of Represen tatives in 1808, and of the State Senate (to fill a va cancy) in 1870, and re-elected in 1872; and was elected a representative from South Carolina in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Republican, receiving 17,752 votes against 4,401 votes for J. P. M. Epping, Republican; and was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 19,954 votes against 18,510 votes for G. D. Tillman, Democrat, serving from December 0, 1875. Smart, Ephraim K., was born at Prospect, Massachusetts (now Searsport, Maine), in 1813; re ceived an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Camden; was appointed postmaster in 1838; was a member of the State Senate in 1841 and 1842; re moved to Missouri in 1843, and practised there, but returned to Camden in 1845, and was again appointed postmaster; was elected a representative from Maine in the Thirtieth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 4,548 votes against 3,852 votes for Johnson, Whig, serving from December 0, 1847, to March 3. 1849; was again elected to the Thirty-second Congress, re ceiving 5,911 votes against 5,295 votes for Theophilus dishing, Whig, and 52 scattering, serving from De cember 1, 1851, to March 3, 1853; was collector of customs at Belfast 1853-1858; established "The Maine Free Press" June 15, 1854, and was its editor until 1857 ; returned to Camden ; was again a member of the State House of Representatives in 1858, and of the State Senate in 1802; removed to Biddeford in 1809, and established "The Maine Democrat," which he edited for a short time ; and subsequently returned to Camden, where he died. Smart, James S., was born, June 14, 1842, in the city of Baltimore, Maryland; received an aca demic education, graduating from Jefferson College, Pennsylvania, in 1803; entered the army in January, 1804, as first lieutenant Sixteenth New- York Heavy Artillery; served in the Army of the James until the second expedition to Fort Fisher; was promoted to a captaincy, and discharged in August, 1805; in November of the same year took charge of " The Washington-county Post," published at Cambridge, New York, and is still connected with that paper; was elected a representative from New York in the Forty-third Congress as a Republican, receiving 17,835 votes against 13,352 votes for A. Thayer, Democrat, serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1875. Smelt, Dennis, was born in Georgia ; was elect ed a representative from Georgia in the Ninth Con gress (in place of Joseph Bryan, resigned); was re-elected to the Tenth and Eleventh Congresses, serving from December 20, 1800, to March 3, 1811. Smilie, John, was born in Ireland in 1742; immigrated when a lad to Pennsylvania; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Third Congress, serving from December 2, 1793, to March 3, 1795; was a presidential elector in 1797; was again elected to the Sixth Congress as a Democrat, and re-elected to the Seventh, Eighth, Ninth, Tenth, Eleventh, and Twelfth Congresses, serving from De cember 2, 1799, to March 3, 1813; died at Washing ton City December 30, 1813. Smith, Albert, was born, at Hanover, Massa chusetts, January 3, 1793; received a classical edu cation, graduating at Brown University in 1813; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1810, and commenced practice at Portland in 1817; was a member of the Massachusetts House of Representa tives in 1820; was a postmaster for several years; was United-States marshal for the district of Maine 1830-1838 ; was elected a representative from Maine in STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 627 the Twenty-sixth Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1841 ; was de feated as the Democratic candidate for the Twenty- seventh Congress by William Pitt Fessenden, Whig, who received 200 majority; was appointed United- States commissioner to lay out the North-eastern boundary under the Ashburton Treaty, serving 1842- 1847: died at Boston May 29, 1807. Smith, Albert, was born in New York ; resided at Batavia; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1842; was elected a representa tive from New York in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Whig, receiving 4,844 votes against 3,894 votes for Cooley, Democrat, and 350 votes for Chapin, Abolitionist; and was re-elected to the Twenty- ninth Congress, receiving 6,366 votes against 4,215 votes for Chandler, Democrat, and 736 votes for McKay, American, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1847. Smith, A. Herr, was born in Manor Township, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, March 7, 1815; graduated at Dickinson College in 1840 ; studied law with John R. Montgomery at Lancaster ; was admit ted to the bar in 1842, and has since followed his profession ; was elected to the House of Represen tatives of the State of Pennsylvania in 1843, and re-elected in 1844 ; in 1845 was elected to the State Senate; was elected a representative from Pennsyl vania in the Forty-third Congress as a Republican, receiving 14,501 votes against 8,526 votes for H. M. North, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Congress as a Republican, receiving 10,505 votes against 6,220 votes for Patton, Democrat; was re- elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 17,419 votes against 9,574 votes for George Nauman, Demo crat, serving from December 1, 1873. Smith, Arthur, was born in Isle-of-Wight County, Virginia, November 15, 1785; received a classical education, graduating at William and Mary College; studied law, but never practised; served in the war of 1812 at the defence of Norfolk; was a member of the State Privy Council ; was a member of the State House of Representatives ; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Seventeenth Congress, defeating John C. Gray by 341 majority; was re-elected to the Eighteenth Congress, receiving 1,600 votes against 1,277 votes for Estill, serving from December 3, 1821, to March 3, 1825; died at Smithsficld, Virginia, March 30, 1853. Smith, Baliard, was elected a representative from Virginia in the Fourteenth Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Fifteenth and Six teenth Congresses, serving from December 4, 1815, to March 3, 1821. Smith, Bernard, was born at Norristown, New Jersey, in 1776; received an academic education; held an office at Washington City; was sent to Eu rope as bearer of despatches ; was postmaster at New Brunswick ; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Sixteenth Congress, serving from December 6, 1819, to March 3, 1821; was appointed register of the land-office at Little Rock, and sub- agent to the Quapaw Indians; was private secretary to Governor Izzard; died at Little Rock, Arkansas, July 16, 1,^35. Smith, Caleb Blood, was born at Boston, Mas sachusetts, April 16, 1808; removed with his parents to Ohio in 1814; was educated at the Miami Uni versity; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Connersville, Indiana; found ed and edited " The Indiana Sentinel" in 1832; was a member of the State House of Representatives 183-5-1836, serving the last year as speaker; was grand master of Freemasons in Ohio in 1837; was elected a representative from Indiana in the Twenty- eighth Congress as a Whig, receiving 4,097 votes against 3,442 votes for C. H. Test, Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty-ninth Congress; was re- elected to the Thirtieth Congress, receiving 4,988 votes against 3,540 votes for Test, Democrat, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1849; was a presidential elector on the Harrison and Tyler ticket in 1840; was appointed by President Taylor a member of the commission for investigating the claims of American citizens against Mexico; removed to Cin cinnati, where he practised his profession ; was a presidential elector on the Fremont ticket in 1856; was appointed by President Lincoln secretary of the interior, serving" from March 5, 1861, until "Decem ber, 1862, when he resigned, having been appointed United-States judge for"the district of Indiana ; died at Indianapolis, Indiana, January 8, 18G4. Smith, Charles, was elected a representative from Louisiana in the Thirty-ninth Congress, but did not take his seat. Smith, Daniel, was one of the earliest settlers in Tennessee; was appointed by President Washing ton secretary of the territory south of the Ohio River January 7, 1790; was a general of militia; was ap pointed a United-States senator from Tennessee (in place of Andrew Jackson, resigned), serving from December 3, 1798, to March 3, 1799; was elected a senator from Tennessee, serving from December 2, 1805, to 1809, when he resigned ; died in July, 1818. Smith, Delazon, was born at New Berlin, New York; received a classical education, graduating at the Oberlin Collegiate Institute of Ohio in 1837; studied law, and was admitted to the bar, but be came editor of " The True Jeffcrsonian " at Roches ter, New York, and subsequently of " The Western Empire" at Dayton, Ohio; was appointed by Presi dent Tyler special commissioner to Quito; removed to Iowa Territory in 1846, and became a licensed Methodist-Episcopal preacher; removed from there to Oregon Territory in 1852; was a member of the Territorial House of Representatives in 1854-1856; was a delegate to the convention that framed a State Constitution in 1857; was elected one of the first United-States senators from Oregon as a Democrat, serving from February 14, 1859, to March 3, 1859; died at Portland, Oregon, November 17, 1860. Smith, Edward Henry, was born at Smith- town, Long Island, in 1809; received a public-school education; was reared a farmer, and engaged in .agri cultural pursuits ; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-seventh Congress as a Fusion candidate, receiving 11,882 votes against 10,631 votes for Carter, Republican, serving from July 4, 1861, to March 3. 1863. Smith, Francis O. J., was born in Maine (then a part of Massachusetts) ; received an academic education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Portland ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1831 ; was a member of the State Senate in 1833, and its presi dent ; was elected a representative from Maine in the Twenty-third Congress as a Democrat, defeating Sewall and Worthington, both Democrats; was re- elected to the Twenty-fourth Congress, receiving 394 majority; and was re-elected to the Twenty-fifth Congress, serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1839; was defeated as the Whig candidate for the Twenty-sixth Congress by Albert Smith, Democrat ; was defeated as the Whig candidate for clerk of the House in the Twenty-seventh Congress, although the Whig candidate for speaker of the House was chosen ; was prominently engaged in introducing electric tele graphs; died at Deering, Maine, in 1876. Smith, George, was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Eleventh Congress ; was re-elected to the Twelfth Congress, serving from May 22, 1809, to March 3, 1813. Smith, George L., was born in Hillsborough County, New Hampshire, December 11, 1840 ; received a collegiate education; served in the Union army; settled in Louisiana at the closo of the war, and en gaged in mercantile business; was elected a member of the General Assembly of Louisiana in 1870 and 1871, and re-elected in 1872; was proprietor of "The Shreyeport South- Western Telegram;" is president 628 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. of the Shreveport Savings Bank and Trust Company; was elected a representative from Louisiana in the Forty-third Congress as a Republican (to lill the vacancy caused by the death of Samuel Peters, mem ber elect) without opposition, receiving 13,897 votes, and took his seat December 4, 1873, serving to March 3, 1875. Smith, Gerrit, was born at Utica, New York, March <>, 1797; received a classical education, gradu ating at Hamilton College in 1818; studied law, but did not then enter into general practice, his time being taken up with the management of the large landed estate which he inherited; he identified him self with the Autislavery party in 1853, and was then admitted to the bar; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-third Congress as an Ultra Abolitionist, receiving 8,049 votes against 0,206 votes for Hough, Democrat, and 5,620 votes for Ten Eyck, Whig, serving from December 5, 1853, to 1854, when he resigned; his mind was somewhat troubled after the arrest of John Brown; he died at New York December 28, 1874. He published " Ser mons and Speeches," "Theologies," "Nature the Base of a Free Theology," "The Religion of Rea son," and many political and autislavery tracts and speeches. Smith, Green Clay (son of John Speed Smith), was born at Richmond, Kentucky, July 2, 183 J; re ceived a classical education, graduating at Transyl vania University in 1849 ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar in 1852, and commenced practice ; was a school commissioner 1853-1857 ; served in the Mexi can war as second lieutenant in Humphrey Marshall s Kentucky Mounted Volunteers June, 1846-July, 1S47; entered the Union army in 1861 as colonel of the Fourth Kentucky Cavalry; was appointed brigadier- general in 1862, and major-general in 1863; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Thirty- eighth Congress as a Union candidate, receiving 6,936 votes against 2,283 votes Tor Menzies, Democrat, and 1,970 votes for Leathers, Democrat; and was re-elect ed to the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiving 7,666 votes against 6,421 votes for A. H. Ward, Democrat, serv ing from December 7, 1863, to 1866, when he re signed, having been appointed by President Johnson governor of Montana, which position he filled until 1869; became a preacher in the Baptist Church. Smith, H. Boardman, was born at Whiting- ham, Vermont, August 18, 1826; graduated at Wil liams College, Massachusetts, in 1847 ; studied law, and practises ; was appointed by the governor of New York judge of the Chemung-county courts in September, 1859, and, in the following November, was elect ed to the same office; and was elected a representa tive from New York in the Forty-second Congress as a Republican, receiving 16,276 votes against 13,352 votes for Robinson, Democrat; Avas re-elected to the Forty-third Congress, receiving 13,284 votes against 10,481 votes for R. U. Sherman, Liberal and Demo crat, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1875. Smith, Isaac, was born in New Jersey ; received a classical education, graduating at Princeton Col lege in 1755; was a tutor in that college ; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Fourth Congress as a Federalist, serving from Decem ber 7, 1795, to March 3, 1797; was appointed by President Washington a commissioner to negotiate a treaty with the Seneca Indians ; was a judge of the Superior Court of New Jersey; died in 1807. Smith, Isaac, was born in Pennsylvania; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirteenth Congress as a Democrat, serving from May 24, 1813, to March 2, 1815. ^Smith, Israel, was born in Connecticut April 4, 1759; received a classical education, graduating at Yah; College in 1781; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Rupert, Ver mont, removing subsequently to Rutland; was a member of the State House of Representatives; was a delegate to the convention that adopted the Federal Constitution in 1791 ; was elected a representative from Vermont in the Second Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Third and Fourth Congresses, serving from October 24, 1791, to March 2, 1793; was appointed chief justice of the Supreme Court in 1797; was again elected to the Seventh Congress, serving from December 7, 1801, to March 3, 1803; was elected a United-States senator from Vermont, serving from October 17, 1803, to 1807, when he resigned to serve as governor of Vermont 1807-1808; was a presiden tial elector in 1809; died at Rutland, Vermont, De cember 2, 1810. Smith, James, was born in Ireland in 1720; came to the United States with his father in 1729 ; received a public-school education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Shippenport, but afterward removed to York; was active in pre-Revolutionary movements, and in 1774 raised the first volunteer company in Pennsylvania for the purpose of resisting Great Britain; was a del egate to the Pennsylvania Convention of January, 1775; was a member of the Continental Congress 1776-1778; was a member of the State House of Rep resentatives in 1780; died at York, Pennsylvania, July 11, 1806. He published an "Essay on the Con stitutional Power of Great Britain over the Colonies in America." Smith, James S., was born in Orange County, North Carolina; studied medicine, and practised at Hillsborough ; was elected a representative in the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Congresses as a Democrat, serving from December 1, 1817, to March 3, 1821; was a member of the House of Commons of North Carolina in 1821. Smith, Jedediah K., was born in New Hamp shire in 1770; received an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised; was elected a representative from New Hampshire in the Tenth Congress, serving from October 23, 1807, to March 3, 1809; was judge of the Court of Common Pleas for Hillsborough County; was a State coun cillor; died in 1828. Smith, Jeremiah, was born at Peterborough, New Hampshire, November 29, 1759; served in the Revolutionary army, and was wounded in the battle of Bennington ; received a classical education; graduated at Rutgers College, New Jersey, in 1780; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and com menced practice at Dover, New Hampshire; w r as elected a representative from New Hampshire in the Second Congress as a Federalist; was re-elected to the Third, Fourth, and Fifth Congresses, serving from October 24, 1791, to 1797, when he resigned; was United-States attorney for the district of New Hampshire 1798-1800; was appointed by President John Adams judge of the United-States Circuit Court, but did not accept the office; was a presi dential elector in 1809; was governor of New Hamp shire 1809-1810; was for several years chief justice of the State Superior Court; died at Dover, Septem ber 21, 1842. He published " Sketch of Judge Caleb Ellis." Smith, John, was born at Brookhaven, New York ; was a member of the State House of Repre sentatives 1784-1799; was elected a representative from New York in the Fifth Congress (in the place of Jonathan N. Haven, deceased) as a Democrat, receiving 1,599 votes against 1,098 votes for S. W r ood, Federalist, and 150 scattering; was re-elected to the Sixth, Seventh, and Eighth Congresses, serving from February 6, 1799, to February 23, 1804, when he took his seat as a United-States senator from New York (in place of De Witt Clinton, resigned), serving to March 3, 1813; was appointed by President Madison in 1813 United-States marshal for the district of New York; died at Brookhaven, New York, August 9, 1816. Smith, John, was born in Virginia ; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Seventh Coil- STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 629 gress as a Democrat ; was re-elected lo the Eighth, Ninth, Tenth, Eleventh, Twelfth, and Thirteenth Congresses, serving from December 7, 1801, to March 2, 1815 ; died in March, 1836. Smith, John, was born in 1735 ; was elected one of the first United-States senators from Ohio as a Democrat, serving from April 21, 1803, to February 23, 1808, when he resigned; he had been charged with having been connected with Burr and Blen- nerhasset, and a motion was made in the Senate to expel him, but it failed by one vote, and he then re signed; died July 10, 1816. Smith, John, was born at Barre, Massachusetts, August 14, 1789; received a public-school education; removed when a boy to St. Albans, Vermont ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar in 1810, and commenced practice; was State s attorney for Franklin County 1826-1832; was a member of the General Assembly for nine successive years, serving as speaker in 1831, 1832, and 1833; was elected a representative from Vermont in the Twenty-sixth Congress as a Demo crat by 460 majority, serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1841 ; was a candidate for re-election, but was defeated by Augustus Young, Whig, who re ceived 1,335 majority; resumed practice, and a few years afterwards became interested in railroad pro jects; died at St. Albans, Vermont, November 26, 1858. Smith, John A., was born at Hillsborough, Ohio, September 23, 1814; graduated at Miami Uni versity; studied and practised law; was a member of the Ohio legislature in 1841 and 1842 ; was a member of the State Constitutional Convention of Ohio in 1851 ; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Forty-first Congress as a Republican ; was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress, receiving 12,199 votes against 11,827 votes for J. W. Denver, Democrat, and 326 votes for Loudon, Independent candidate, serv ing from March 4, 1869, to March 3, 1873. Smith, John Ambler, was born at Village View, near Dinwiddie Court House, Virginia, Sep tember 23, 1847; was educated at David Turner s high school at Eichmond, Virginia; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1867, and practises his profession; was appointed in 1868 commissioner in chancery of the courts of Richmond, and was Com monwealth attorney of Charles-City and New-Kent Counties for one year; was elected to the State Senate of Virginia as a Republican in 1869, and was elected a representative from Virginia in the Forty- third Congress as a Republican, receiving 13,082 votes against 12,514 votes for G. D. Wise, Democrat, serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1875; practised law at Washington City. Smith, John Cotton, was born at Sharon, Connecticut, February 12, 1765; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1783; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1786, and commenced practice at Sharon; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1793, 1796-1800, serving the last year as speaker; was elected a rep resentative from Connecticut in the Sixth Congress (in place of Jonathan Brace, resigned) as a Federalist; was re-elected to the Seventh, Eighth, and Ninth Congresses, serving from November 17, 1800, to Au gust. 1806, when he resigned ; was a member of the Northern Society of Antiquarians in Copenhagen, and of the Connecticut Historical Society; was one of the original vice-presidents of the American Bible Society; was a judge of the Supreme Court in 1809, lieutenant-governor in 1810, and governor of Con necticut in 181:3-1818; died at Sharon, Connecticut, December 7, 1845. His "Eulogy," by Rev. W. W. Andrews, before the Connecticut Historical Society, was published in 1847. Smith, John Q., was born in Warren County, Ohio, Novembers, 1824; was educated at the com mon schools; is a farmer; was a member of the State Senate of Ohio in 1860-1861, and 1872-1873; was a member of the Ohio House of Representatives in 1862 and 1863; and was elected a representative from Ohio in the Forty-third Congress as a Repub lican, receiving 14,929 votes against 13,700 votes for John W. Sohn, Liberal, serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1875. Smith, John Speed (father of Green Clay Smith), was born in Jessamine County, Kentucky, July 31, 1792; received a public-school education; served in the campaigns against the Indians under General Harrison, whose aide-de-camp he was at the battle of the Thames in 1813; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1819; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Seven teenth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 1,631 majority over Stephen Richardson, serving from December 3, 1821, to March 3, 1823; served several terms as a member of the State House of Repre sentatives, and was speaker in 1827; was appointed by President Jackson United-States attorney for the district of Kentucky; was for several years State superintendent of public works of Kentucky; died at Richmond, Kentucky, June 6, 1854. Smith, John T., was born at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 851 majority, serving from De cember 4, 1843, to March 3, 1845. Smith, Jonathan B., was born at Philadel phia; received a classical education, graduating at Princeton College in 1760; was a delegate from Pennsylvania to the Continental Congress 1777- 1778. Smith, Joseph S., was born inFayette County, Pennsylvania, June 20, 1824; received a common- school education ; studied and practised law ; in 1855 he was prosccuting-attorney of the Third Judicial District of Washington Territory; was afterwards elected to the legislature, and was speaker of the House of Representatives of that Territory; under President Buchanan s administration, was United- States district-attorney for Washington Territory for two years, but resigned on his removal to Oregon ; was elected a representative from Oregon in the Forty-first Congress as a Democrat, receiving 11,789 votes against 10,580 votes for Logan, Republican, serving from March 4, 1869, to March 3, 1871. Smith, Josiah, was born at Pembroke, Massa chusetts, in 1745; received a classical education, graduating at Harvard College in 1774; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice ; was a member of the State House of Represen tatives; was elected a representative from Massa chusetts in the Seventh Congress, serving from December 7, 1801, to March 3, 1803; returning from Washington, he took the small-pox while passing through New York, and died after his arrival at home, March 28, 1803. Smith, Melancthon, was born at New York ; was a delegate from New York to the Continental Congress 1785-1788; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1792. Smith, Merriwether, was born in Essex Coun ty, Virginia; received an academical education; was for many years a member of the Colonial, and subse quently the State, House of Representatives ; was a delegate to the Revolutionary Conventions of 1775 and 1770; was a delegate to the State Convention that adopted the Federal Constitution; was a delegate from Virginia to the Continental Congress 1778-1782 ; died at an advanced age. Smith, Nathan, was born at Roxbury, Con necticut, in 1770; received a classical education; studied law at the Litchfield Law School ; was admit ted to the bar, and practised at New Haven ; was a member of the State House of Representatives for several years; was State s attorney for New-Haven County; was a delegate to the Hartford Convention of Federalists in 1814; was United-States attorney for the district of Connecticut; was elected a United- States senator from Connecticut as a Whig, serving G30 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. from December 2, 1833, to December 6, 1835, when he died at AVashington. Smith, Nathaniel, was born at Woodbnry, Connecticut, January (i, 1702; received a public- school education ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar iu 1789, and commenced practice at Woodbury; was a member at different times of the State Senate and House of Representatives; was elected a repre sentative from Connecticut in the Fourth Congress as a Federalist; was re-elected to the Fifth Congress, serving from December 7, 1705, to March 3, 1790; was a judge of the Supreme Court of Connecticut 179(5-1819; died at Woodbury, Connecticut, March 9, 1822. Smith, O Brien, was elected a representative from South Carolina in the Ninth Congress, serving from December 2, 18(15, to March 3, 1807. Smith, Oliver Hampton, was born near Tren ton, New Jersey, October 23, 1794 ; removed to Indi ana in 1817; received a public-school education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Indianapolis; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1822; was prosecuting- attorney for the Third Judicial District in 1824 and 1825; was elected a representative from Indiana in the Twentieth Congress as a Jackson Democrat, re ceiving 1,371 majority over Itatcliff Boon, Clay Dem ocrat, serving from December 3, 1827, to March 3, 1829; was defeated by Ratcliff Boon as a candidate for the Twentieth Congress ; was elected a United- States senator from Indiana as a Whig, serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1843; declined in 1845 to be the Whig candidate for governor of Indiana; died at Indianapolis, Indiana, March 19, 1849. He published "Recollections of Congressional Life." Smith, Perry, was born at Washington, Con necticut; received a classical education; studied law at the Litchfield Law School ; was admitted to the bar in 1807, and commenced practice at New Milford, Connecticut; was for four years a member of the State House of Representatives; was judge of probate for Litchlield County for two years; was elected a United-States senator from Connecticut as a Demo crat, serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1843; died at New Milford, Connecticut, in 1852. Smith, R. Barnwell, was elected a representa tive from South Carolina in the Thirty-seventh Con gress. He had his name changed in September, 1837, by the Court of Equity, to It. Barnwell Rhett, to inherit a legacy, to the possession of which the assumption of the name of Rhett was made obli gatory. Smith, Richard, was a delegate from New Jer sey to the Continental Congress 1774-1776. Smith, Robert, was born at Peterborough, New Hampshire, June 12, 1802; received a public-school education; was reared on a farm; removed to Alton, Illinois, in 1832; was a member of the State House of Representatives 183G-1840; was enrolling-clerk of that House 1840-1843; was elected a representative from Illinois in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 1,778 majority; was re-elected to the Twenty-ninth Congress, receiving 4,001 ma jority; was re-elected to the Thirtieth Congress, re ceiving 1,991 majority over Trumbull, regularly nom inated Democrat, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1849 ; was again elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving 11,299 votes against 7,512 votes for Lansing^ Republican, serving from December 7, 1857, to March 3, 1859; served in the Union army as paymaster; died at Alton, Illinois, December 21, 1807. Smith, Samuel, was born in Lancaster Coun ty, Pennsylvania, July 27, 1752; received a public- school education; entered his father s counting-room at Baltimore, and in 1771 visited Europe as a super cargo of one of his father s vessels; served gallantly in the Revolutionary war as captain, major, and colonel, receiving several wounds; was a member of the State legislature; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Third Congress as a Democrat; and was re-elected to the Fourth, Fifth, Sixth, and Seventh Congresses, serving from December 2, 1793, to March 3, 1803; was elected a United-States senator from Maryland, serving from October 17, 1803, to March 2, 1815; commanded the Maryland troops at the successful defence of Baltimore in 1812; was again elected a representative (in place of Nicholas R. Moore, resigned), serving from February 4, lyiO, to December 17, 1822, when he again took his seat as senator (in place of William Pinkney, deceased), serving to March 2, 1833; in 1835 he was called by the citizens of Baltimore to organize a force, ami put down a mob which had possession of the city ; was elected mayor of Baltimore, and died there very sud denly April 23, 1839. Smith, Samuel, was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Ninth Congress; was re- elected to the Tenth and Eleventh Congresses, serv ing from December 2, 1805, to March 3, 1811. Smith, Samuel, was born at Peterborough, New Hampshire, in 1707; received a public-school education; was reared on a farm; became a manu facturer of paper; was elected a representative from New Hampshire in the Thirteenth Congress on the "Peace" ticket headed by Daniel Webster, receiving 18,509 votes against 15,927 votes for J. Johnson. War Democrat, serving from May 24, 1813, to March 2, 1815; died at Peterborough, New Hampshire, Janu ary 17, 1842. Smith, Samuel A., was born in Pennsylvania; resided at Doylestovvn ; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-first Congress as a Jackson Democrat; was re-elected to the TAventy- second Congress, serving from December 7, 1829, to March 2, 1833. Smith, Samuel A., was born in Monroe Coun ty, Tennessee, June 20, 1822 ; was reared on a farm ; received a public-school education; taught school while he studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1845, and commenced practice at Charleston, Ten nessee; was State s attorney for the Third Judicial Circuit 1845-1848; was a delegate to the National Democratic Convention at Baltimore in 1848; was defeated as a presidential elector on the Cass and Butler ticket in 1848, and on the Pierce and King ticket in 1852; was elected a representative from Tennessee in the Thirty-third Congress as a Demo crat, receiving 7,703 votes against 0,180 votes for Van Dyke, Whig; was re-elected to the Thirty-fourth Con gress, receiving 7,872 votes against 7,331 votes for Anderson, American; was re-elected to the Thirty- tifth Congress, receiving 7,062 votes agianst 0,800 votes for Heiskell, American, serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1859 ; was appointed by Presi dent Buchanan commissioner of the General Land Office, serving from January 18, 1860, to February 12, 1800, when he resigned. Smith, Thomas, was born in Scotland ; immi grated to the United States at an early age, and located at Bedford, Pennsylvania, February 9, 1709; was deputy-surveyor, prothonotary, clerk of the ses sions, and county-recorder; served in the Revolu tionary war as colonel of militia ; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention in 1776; was a member of the State House of Representatives; was a member of the Continental Congress 1780-1782; was president-judge of his judicial district 1791- 1794 ; was judge of the Supreme Court of Pennsyl vania 1794-1809; died at Bedford, Pennsylvania, June 10, 1809. Smith, Thomas, was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Fourteenth Congress as a Federalist, receiving 802 majority, serving from De cember 4, 1815, to March 3 r 1817. Smith, Thomas, was born in Pennsylvania in 1800; removed to Indiana when a boy; was appren ticed to a tanner at Rising Sun; received a public- school education; removed to Versailles, Indiana; was a member of the State Senate; was elected a STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 631 representative from Indiana in the Twenty-sixth Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1841 ; was defeated as the Demo cratic candidate for the Twenty-seventh Congress; was again elected to the Twenty-eighth Congress, receiving 7,021 votes against 6,766 votes for Matson, Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-ninth Congress, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1847. Smith, Truman, was borii at Roxbury, Con necticut, November 27, 1791; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1815; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1818, and commenced practice at Litchtield, Connecticut; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1831, 1832, and 1834; was elected a representative from Connecticut in the Twenty-sixth Congress as a Whig, receiving 3,988 votes against 3,526 votes for Charles 13. Phelps, Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress, receiving 83G majority, serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1843; was a presidential elector on the Clay and Freling- huysen ticket in 1844; was again elected to the Twenty-ninth Congress ; was re-elected to the Thir tieth Congress, serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1849 ; was elected a United-States senator from Connecticut, serving from December 3, 1849, to April 11, 1854, when he resigned; removed to New York; was appointed by President Lincoln judge of the Slave-trade Court under the treaty with Great Britain of 1802, and held the position until the court was abolished. ^Smith, William, was born in Maryland in 1730; was an ardent supporter of the Revolution; was a delegate to the Continental Congress from Maryland 1777-1778; was elected a representative from Maryland in the First Congress as a Federalist, serving from March 4, 1789, to March 3, 1791 ; was appointed by President Washington auditor of the treasury July 16, 1791-November 28, 1791; was a presidential elector on the Washington ticket in 1792; died at Baltimore March 27, 1814. Smith, William, was born in South Carolina ; received a classical education; was elected a repre sentative from the Pinckney District of South Caroli na as a Federalist in the First Congress ; and w r as re-elected to the Second, Third, Fourth, and Fifth Congresses, serving from May 25, 1789, to July 10, 1797, when he resigned, having been appointed min ister to Portugal, serving until September 9, 1801; died on his plantation in. South Carolina in 1812. He published " A Comparative View of the Consti tutions of the States and of the United States," a pamphlet against the pretensions of Jefferson to the presidency, and an address to his constituents. His speeches and letters to his constituents were repub- lished in London in 1795. Smith, William, was born in North Caro lina in 1702, but migrated to York District, South Carolina, when very young and poor; received a classical education, graduating at the Mount-Zion College, Winnsborough; studied law; was admitted to the bar at Charleston January 6, 1784, and com menced practice in York District; was for several years a member of the State House of Representa tives, and a State senator 1806-1808, when he was elected judge; was elected a representative from South Carolina in the Fifth Congress as a Democrat, serving from May 15, 1797, to March 3, 1799; was elected a United-States senator (to fill a vacancy occasioned by the resignation of John Taylor) as a Democrat, and was re-elected in 1817, serving from January 10, 1817, to March 3, 1823; was the Union candidate for re-election, but was defeated by R. Y. Hayne, Nullifier; was again elected a senator (to fill a vacancy occasioned by the death of John Gaillard), serving from 1826 to March 3, 1831; was the Union candidate for re-election, but was defeated by S. D. Miller, Nullifier; he was twice elected president pro tempore of the Senate ; he was offered and declined the appointment of judge of the Supreme Court of the United States; in 1829 he received the seven electoral votes of Georgia for Vice-President; differ ing with Mr. Calhoun on the question of nullifica tion, he removed to Huntsville, Alabama, in 1833 ; he declined the appointment of associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States tendered him by President Jackson in 1830; he was a member of the State legislature of Alabama 1835-1839; owning profitable plantations in Alabama, Mississippi, and Louisiana, he was a millionnaire; and he died at Huntsville June 26, 1840. Smith, William, was born at Chesterfield, Vir- elected to the Eighteenth Congress, receiving 169 majority over Leftwich; and was re-elected to the Nineteenth Congress, receiving 85 majority over Thomas Marshall, serving from December 3, 1821, to March_3, < 1827. Smitn, William, was born in King George County, Virginia, September 6, 1797; received an academic education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Culpepper Court House ; established a line of mail-coaches from Washington City to Milledgeville, Georgia; was a member of the State legislature in 1836 and in 1840; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Twenty-seventh Congress (having successfully con tested the election of Linn Banks) as a Democrat, serving from December 6, 1841, to March 3, 1843; was governor of Virginia 1845-1848 ; was again elect ed to the Thirty-third Congress, receiving 4,223 votes against 3,931 votes for Snowden, Whig; was re-elect ed to the Thirty-fourth Congress, receiving no oppo sition; was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving 5,332 votes against 3,941 votes for Snowden, American; was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Con gress, receiving 5,147 votes against 4,845 votes for Thomas, Opposition, and 430 votes for Shackelford, Independent Democrat, serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1861; was a representative from Virginia in the First Confederate Congress, serving from February 22, 1862, to August 12, 1863, when he resigned to accept a brigadier-general s commission in the Confederate army; was promoted to the rank of major-general August 13, 1863, and resigned De cember 31, 1863; was governor of Virginia from January 1, 1804, until the overthrow of the Confed eracy. Smith, William Alexander, was born in Warren County, North Carolina, January 9, 1828; received a public-school education; was a fanner; was a member of the Secession Convention of North Carolina in 1861, of the State legislature in 1864, of the Constitutional Convention in 18(i5, of the State Senate in 1870; was elected president of the North- Carolina Railroad in 1868, and of the Yadkin- River Railroad; was elected a representative from North Carolina in the Forty-third Congress as a Republican, receiving 13,879 votes against 13,146 votes for S. H. Rogers, Democrat, serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1875. Smith, William B., was born at Augusta, Georgia, March 14, 1829; received an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in May, 1848, under a special act of the legislature, and practised; was also a planter; was elected ordinary of Dougherty County, Georgia, in 1853; was elected solicitor-general of the South-west Circuit in 1858, and the same year was appointed by Governor Brown to fill the unexpired term of John W. Evans ; was nominated as the candidate of the Union party in Dougherty County for the State Convention in 1860, but ^leclined in favor of Lott Warren; entered the Confederate army as a volunteer in the Fourth Georgia Volunteers after the State seceded; was elected captain in April, 1862; lost a leg in the de fence of Richmond at King s School House June 25, 1862; was elected to the Confederate Congress in 632 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. 1863 ; was tendered the office of circuit-judge in 1874 by Governor Smith, but declined ; was elected a rep resentative from Georgia in the Forty-fourth Con gress as a Democrat, receiving 12,108 votes against 9,780 votes for R. H. Whiteley, Republican; was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 13,627 votes against 8,015 votes for R. H. Whiteley, Republican, serving from December 6, 1875, Smith, William J., was born at Birmingham, England, September 24, 1823; came to the United States when very young; received a good public- school education; learned the painter s trade in Go- shen, Orange County, New York; removed to the South in 1846; joined a Tennessee regiment at the commencement of the war with Mexico, and served until its close ; was engaged in painting at Memphis for ten years, and then went into the horticultural business in Hardeman County; at the commence ment of the Rebellion he was persecuted and arrested on account of his devotion to the Union cause, and, after his release, he acted as guide for the Federal troops; he enlisted as a private in the First West- Tennessee Cavalry, afterwards re-organized as the Sixth Tennessee Cavalry, and was promoted through the different grades until he became brevet brigadier- general; was a member of the State Constitutional Convention; was a member of the State House of Representatives, serving for two years and a half, and was then elected to the State Senate; was elect ed a representative from Tennessee in the Forty- first Congress, receiving 5,393 legal votes against 4,082 votes for Leftwich, Democrat, and 2,439 votes for Nunn, Independent Republican, serving from Marcli 4, 18G9, to March 3, 1871. Smith, William N. H., was born at Murfrees- borough, North Carolina, September 24, 1812; re ceived a classical education, graduating at Yale Col lege in 1834; studied law in New Haven for two years; was admitted to the bar in 1839, and com menced practice at Murfreesborough, North Carolina; was a member of the State House of Representatives of North Carolina in 1840, and of the State Senate in 1848; was chosen, while a senator, solicitor of the First Judicial District of North Carolina, and held the position for nine years ; was defeated by 38 votes as the Whig candidate for Congress; was again elected to the State House of Representatives in 1858, but resigned when elected a representative from North Carolina in the Thirty-sixth Congress as a State- rights American, receiving 6,045 votes against 5,531 votes for Shaw, Democrat, serving from December 5, 1859, until March 3, 1861 ; was a representative from North Carolina in the First Confederate Congress; was a member of the Democratic National Conven tion of 18G8 which nominated Seymour and Blair; was appointed chief justice of the Supreme Court of North Carolina January 10, 1878. Smith, William tlussell, was born at Tusca- loosa, Alabama; received a classical education, and was at the University of Alabama, but did not gradu ate; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1834, and commenced practice at Greensborough, Alabama; commanded a company of volunteers in the hostili ties against the Creek Indians in 1836; removed to Tuscaloosa in 1838; edited "The Monitor," and was elected mayor in 1839; was elected to the State House of Representatives in 1842 and 1843, and was defeated as a candidate for the State Senate in 1843; removed to Fayette County; was elected brigadier- general of militia, and judge of the Seventh Judicial Circuit ; was elected a representative from Alabama in the Thirty-second Congress as a Union Whig, re ceiving 4,164 votes against 4,114 votes for John Erwin, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 3,021 votes against 2,964 votes for S. Moore, Democrat, and 2,744 votes for Hale, Whig; was re-elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress as a National American, receiving 5,089 votes against 3,341 votes forS. Moore, Democrat, serv ing from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1857; was de feated as a candidate for the Thirty-fifth Congress by Sydenham Moore ; was a member of the State Con vention of 1861, and an active opponent of secession ; was elected a representative in the Confederate Con gress in 1861, and re-elected in 1863; was president of the University of Alabama for several years after the Avar, and then devoted himself to his profession and to literary pursuits. He is the author of "Smith s Alabama Justice," " Smith s Digest of the Opinions of the Supreme Court," and several poetical works. Smith, William Stephens, was born in New York in 1755; received a classical education, gradu ating at New-Jersey College in 1774; entered the Revolutionary army as aide-de-camp to General Sul livan in 1776; was lieutenant-colonel of the Thir teenth Massachusetts Infantry from November, 1778, to March, 1779; was for a short time on the staff of General Steuben, and then aide-de-camp to General Washington until the close of the war; was appoint ed by President Washington secretary of legation at London; was surveyor of the port of New York; was a member of the State House of Representatives; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirteenth Congress, serving from May 24, 1813, to March 2, 1815; died at Lebanon, New York, June 10, 1816. Smith, Worthington C., was born at St. Al- bans, Vermont, April 23, 1823; graduated at the University of Vermont; studied, but did not practise, law; was largely interested in the manufacture and sale of iron ; was a member of the State House of Representatives of Vermont in 1863 ; was a member of the State Senate of Vermont in 1864 and 1865, and was its presiding officer pro tcmpore during the last term ; was elected a representative from Vermont in the Fortieth Congress as a Republican, receiving 5,739 votes against 2,794 votes for Aldis, Republican, and 2,680 votes forBrigham, Democrat; was re-elect ed to the Forty-first Congress, receiving 11,105 votes against 4,337 votes for Brigham, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress, receiving 9,116 votes against 3,047 votes for H. Gillett, Demo crat, serving from March 4, 1867, to March 3, 1873. Smithers, Nathaniel B., was born at Dover, Delaware, Octobers, 1818; received a classical edu cation, graduating at Lafayette College, Pennsyl vania, in 1836; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1840, and commenced practice at Dover; was clerk of the State House of Representatives in 1845 and 1847; was appointed, in January, 1863, secretary of state for Delaware, but resigned in a few months; was elected a representative from Delaware in the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Republican, receiving 8,220 votes against 13 votes for Brown, Democrat, serving from December 7, 1863, to Marcli 3, 1865; was a delegate to the National Republican Conven tion at Baltimore in 1864. Smyth, Alexander, was born on the Island of Rathlin, Ireland, in 1765; immigrated to the United States in 1775 ?> and located in Bourtetourt County, Vir ginia; receive d an academic education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in May, 1789, and com menced practice at Abingdon; removed in 1792 to Wythe County; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1792, 1796, 1800, 1804-1808; was appointed by President Jefferson colonel of a United-States riile regiment, which he commanded at the South-West until 1811, when he was ordered to Washington to prepare a system of discipline for the army; was appointed inspector-general in 1812, and ordered to the Canadian frontier, where he failed in an invasion of Canada, and left the army; resumed his practice; was appointed a member of the State Board of Public Works ; was again elected to the State House of Representatives ; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Fifteenth Con gress as a Democrat, receiving 1,443 votes against 711 votes for Estill; was re-elected to the Sixteenth, Seventeenth, and Eighteenth Congresses, serving from December 1, 1817, to March 3, 1825 ; was again STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 633 elected to the Twentieth Congress, receiving 2,604 votes against 991 votes for Sharp; and was re-elected to the Twenty-first Congress, serving from December 3, 1827, to April 17, 1830, when he died at Washing ton City. He published "Regulations for United- States Infantry," and "Remarks on the Apoca lypse." Smyth, George W., was born in North Caro lina; removed to Texas, and located at Jasper; was elected a representative from Texas in the Thirty- third Congress as a Democrat, receiving no oppo sition, serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855. Smyth, William, was born in Tyrone County, near Londonderry, Ireland, January 3, 1824; re ceived an academic education; came to Pennsylvania in 1838; taught school; was clerk in a store; re moved to Iowa in 1844; studied law in Iowa City; commenced practice in Marion in 1847; was ap pointed prosecuting-attorney of Linn County in 1848; was elected and re-elected continuously with out opposition to the same office as a Democrat until the fall of 1853, when, on the death of Judge Carle- ton, he was appointed judge of the District Court for the Fourth Judicial District, Iowa; was elected judge of the same in the spring of 1854 without op position ; resigned in the spring of 1857, and resumed the practice of law at Marion ; in 1858 was appointed by the legislature chairman of the commission to revise and codify the Jaws of the State (the work of the commission, with some legislative amendments, is the revision of 1860) ; was appointed in 1860 chair man of the commission of legal inquiry for the State for six years ; in 1861 was appointed by the legisla ture one of the four commissioners to act in con junction with Governor Kirkwood in the manage ment and direction of the sale of the war and defence-fund bonds of the State ; was commissioned colonel of the Thirty-first Regiment Iowa Infantry August 10, 1862 ; resigned December 15, 1864, on ac count of reduced command, and resumed the practice of law at Marion ; was elected a representative from Iowa in the Forty-first Congress as a Republican, receiving 18,753 votes against 13, 227 votes forLeffing- well, Democrat, serving from March 4, 1869, to March 3, 1871. Snapp, Henry, was born in Livingston County, New York, June 30, 1822 ; was educated in Rochester, and in Homer, Illinois, after his removal to Illinois in 1833; studied law in Joliet; was admitted to the bar in 1S43, and practised twenty-five years; was elected to the Senate of Illinois in 1869, and served until he was nominated for Congress in the fall of 1871; was elected a representative from Illinois in the Forty-second Congress as a Republican by 3,000 majority over L. Leland, Democrat, serving from De cember 4, 1S71, to March 3, 1873. Sneed, William H., was born in Tennessee; resided at Knoxville ; was elected a representative from Tennessee in the Thirty-fourth Congress as an American, receiving 6,246 votes against 5,327 votes for Cummins, Democrat, serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1857. Snodgrass, John Fryall, was born in Berke ley County, Virginia, March 2, 1804; received an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1843, and commenced practice at Parkers- burg; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention of 1850; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Thirty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 4,712 votes against 2,506 votes for Sterritt, Whig, serving from December 5, 1853, to June 5, 1854, when he died at Parkersburg while pleading a case in court. Snow, William D., was born in the State of New York; published "The Rochester Tribune" at Rochester, New York, 1852-1854 ; removed to Arkan sas, and was elected a United-States senator from that State in 1864 under the proclamation of Presi dent Johnson ; his credentials were presented at the special session in March, 1865 ; when an attempt was made, in February, 1866, to have them considered, they were laid on the table by a vote of 29 ayes against 17 nays, four senators being absent. Snow, William W., was born in Massachu setts ; removed to New York, and located at Oneonta ; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-second Congress as a Democrat, receiving 7,664 votes against 7,608 votes for Chase, AVhig, serv ing from December 1,^1851, to March 3, 1853. Snyder, Adam W., was born in 1801; resided at Belleville, Illinois; was for several years a member of the Illinois House of Representatives; was elected a representative from Illinois in the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Van Buren Democrat, receiving 3,116 votes against 3,202 votes for Reynolds, Democrat, and 2,018 votes for Gate wood, Whig, serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1839; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Twenty-sixth Con gress by Gatewood, Whig; was nominated as the Democratic candidate for governor of Illinois, but died, before the election, May 14, 1842, at Belleville. Snyder, "John, was born in Pennsylvania; re sided at Selinsgrove; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-seventh Congress as a Democrat, serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1843. Snyder, Oliver P., was born in Missouri No vember 13, 1833; received an academic education; removed to Arkansas in 1853; was engaged for sev eral years in scientific and literary pursuits, and had charge of an institution of learning; studied and practised law; was a member of the General Assem bly of Arkansas in 1864 and 1865; was elected in 1867 as delegate to the State Constitutional Convention; was chosen in 1868 as presidential elector on the Re publican ticket; was elected in 1868 a member of the State Senate for four years ; was appointed in 18G8 one of three commissioners to revise and re-arrange the statutes of Arkansas; declined congressional nominations in 1865 and 1868, and was elected a rep resentative from Arkansas in the Forty-second Con gress as a Republican, receiving 12,742 votes against 8,357 votes for A. A. C. Rogers, Democrat; was re- elected to the Forty-third Congress, defeating Mr. L. Bell, Democrat, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1875. Sellers, Augustus R., was born in Maryland; resided at Prince Frederick; was elected a represen tative from Maryland in the Twenty-seventh Con gress as a Whig, serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1843; was again elected to the Thirty-third Con gress, receiving 3,815 votes against 2,438 votes for Jenifer, Independent, serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855; was a presidential elector on the Fillmore and Donelson ticket in 1856. Somes, Daniel E., was born in New Hampshire ; removed to Biddeford, Maine; was a manufacturer; was mayor of Biddeford 1855-1857; was president of the Biddeford City Bank 1856-1858 ; was elected a representative from Maine in the Thirty-sixth Con gress as a Republican, receiving 10,552 votes against 6,990 votes for Ira T. Drew, Democrat, serving from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 1861; removed to Washington City, and became a claim-agent and patent-attorney. Soule, Nathan, was born in New York; resided at Fort Plain; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1837; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-second Congress as a Jackson Democrat, serving from December 5, 1831, to March 2, 1833. Soul6, Pierre, was born at Castillon, France, in 1801 ; was sent to the Jesuits College at Toulouse to prepare for the priesthood, but refused to proceed with his studies, and was sent to an academy at Bor deaux ; became engaged in revolutionary movements ; went to Paris, where he taught, and became an ed itor; was sentenced to a fine and imprisonment for publishing revolutionary articles; escaped to the 634 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. United States, and readied New Orleans in 1825; studied English and local law, and was admitted to the bar; was elected a United-States senator from Louisiana (in place of Alexander Barrow, deceased), sen-ing from February 3, 1847, to March 3, 1847 ; was again elected a senator, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 6, 1853, when he resigned ; was ap pointed by President Pierce minister to Spain, serv ing from April 7, 1853, to January 1, 1855; was ar rested at New Orleans in 1862, and imprisoned at Fort Lafayette, obtaining his release on condition that he would not return to the South until the sup pression of the Rebellion; died at New Orleans March 26, 1870. Southard, Henry (feather of Samuel L. South ard), was born on Long Island October, 1749; when he was eight years of age, his father removed with him to Baskingridge, New Jersey; was reared on a farm, and, as a day-laborer, earned the money to purchase a homestead; took an active part in the Revolutionary war; was for nine years a member of the State House of Representatives; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Seventh Con gress as a Democrat ; was re-elected to the Eighth, Ninth, Tenth, and Eleventh Congresses on a general ticket, receiving on the last trial 18,705 votes against 14,702 votes for his Whig opponent, serving from De cember 7, 1801, to March 3, 1811; was again elected to the Fourteenth Congress; was re-elected to the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Congresses, serving from December 4, 1815, to March 3, 1821 ; died at Basking ridge, New Jersey, June 2, 1842. Southard, Isaac, was born in New Jersey; re sided at Somerville; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Twenty-second Congress as a Clay Democrat, serving from December 5, 1831, to March 2, 1833. Southard, Milton I., was born in Licking County, Ohio; received a collegiate education, grad uating at Denison University, at Granville, Ohio, in 1861 ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar in 1863, and has been engaged in the practice continuously since ; was elected prosecuting-attorney for Muskin- gum County in 1867, re-elected in 1869, and again in 1871; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Forty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 15,109 votes against 12,638 votes for L. P. Marsh, Republican ; was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Congress, receiving 13,602 votes against 9,651 votes for N. Barnhill, Re publican, and 292 votes for Gertner, Temperance ; was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 17,706 votes against 14,642 votes for J. H. Barnhill, "Repub lican, serving from December 1, 1873. Southard, Samuel L. (son of Henry South ard), was born at Baskingridge, New Jersey, June 9, 1787 ; received a classical education, graduating at Princeton College in 1804; studied law while a tutor in the family of John Taliaferro of Virginia; was ad mitted to the bar there, and commenced practice at Kensington, New Jersey; was appointed in 1814 law- reporter by the State legislature; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1815, and, in a week after taking his seat, was appointed an associate justice of the Supreme Court of New Jersey; was a presidential elector in 1820; was elected a United- States senator from New Jersey (in place of James J. Wilson, resigned) as a Whig, serving from Febru ary 16, 1821, to March 3, 1823; was secretary of the navy September 16, 1823-March 3, 1829, during which time he was acting secretary of the treasury March 7, 1825- July 1, 1825, and also acted for a short period as secretary of war; was appointed in 1829 attorney-general of New Jersey; was governor of New Jersey in 1S32; was again elected a United- States senator, serving from December 2, 1833, to May 3, 1842, when he resigned ; died at Fredericks- burg, Virginia, June 26, 1842. He published "Re ports of the Supreme Court of New Jersey 1816-1820, with a number of political and literary addresses. Southgate, William W., was bom in Ken tucky; resided at Covington; was a member of the State House of Representatives; was elected a repre sentative from Kentucky in the Twenty-fifth Con gress as a Whig, receiving 300 majority over Phelps and Trimble, both Democrats, serving from Septem ber 4, 1837, to March 3, 1839 ; was a presidential elect or on the Harrison and Tyler ticket in 1840, and on the Clay and Frelinghuysen ticket in 1844 ; died at Covington, Kentucky, December 26, 1844. Spaight, Richard Dpbbs (father of Richard Dobbs Spaight), was born in Craven County, North Carolina; was sent to Ireland, where he commenced his academic studies, and completed them at the University of Glasgow ; returned home in 1778, joined the Continental army as aide-de-camp to General Caswell, and was at the battle of Camden in 1780; was a member of the House of Commons of North Carolina in 1781-1786 and 1792, and was a delegate to the Continental Congress in 1782-1784, serving in both capacities; was a delegate to the convention which framed the Constitution of the United States in 1787; was governor of North Carolina in 1792; was elected a representative in the Fifth Congress as a Democrat (to fill the vacancy occasioned by the death of Nathan Bryan) ; and was re-elected to the Sixth Congress, serving from December 10, 1798, to March 3, 1801 ; was elected to the State Senate of North Carolina in 1801; was challenged by John Stanly; the parties met on Sunday afternoon, and, on the exchange of the fourth fire, Governor Spaight received a wound in the right side, of which he died in twenty-three hours, September 6, 1802. Spaight, Richard Dobbs (son of Richard Dobbs Spaight), was born at New Berne, North Car olina, in 1796; received a classical education, gradu ating at the University of North Carolina in 1815; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and practised at New Berne ; was a member of the House of Com mons of North Carolina in 1819, and of the State Senate in 1820-1822 ; was elected a representative in the Eighteenth Congress, and served from December 1, 1823, until March 3, 1825 ; was a member of the State Senate in 1824, and served continuously until 1834 ; was governor of North Carolina in 1835-1837 ; devoted himself to agricultural pursuits, and declined all official positions until he died November 2, 1850. Spalding, Rufus P., was born at West Tisbury, Massachusetts, May 3, 1798; went with his parents to Connecticut when young; graduated at Yale College; studied law, and commenced its practice in Trumbull County, Ohio; Avas a member of the State legislature of Ohio in 1839-1840, and again in 1841-1842, serving the last term as speaker of the House ; was elected judge of the Supreme Court of Ohio in 1849, and held the position until the new State Constitution was adopted, when he resumed practice at Cleveland, where he now resides; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirty- eighth Congress as a Republican, receiving 9,293 votes against 4,183 votes for Paige, Democrat ; was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiving 14,472 votes against 6,661 votes for J. H. Wade, Democrat ; and was re-elected to the Fortieth Con gress as a Republican, receiving 14,479 votes against-" 7,974 votes for Payne, Democrat, serving from De cember 7, 1863, to March 3, 1869. Spalding, Thomas, was elected a representa tive from Georgia in the Ninth Congress (having successfully contested the election of Cowles Mead), serving from December 25, 1805, to 1806, when he resigned. Spangler, David, resided at Coshocton, Ohio; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Twenty-third Congress as a Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-fourth Congress, serving from Decem ber 2, 1833, to March 3, 1837; died at Coshocton, Ohio, October 18, 1856. Spangler, Jacob, was born in 1768 ; received a public-school education; was elected a representa tive from Pennsylvania iu the Fifteenth Congress as . STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 635 a Wliig, serving from December 1, 1817, to April 20, 1818, when he resigned; was surveyor-general of Pennsylvania; died at York, Pennsylvania, June 17, 184:-}. Sparks, William A. J., was born near New Albany, Indiana, November 19, 1828; his parents removed to Illinois in 1836, and shortly thereafter died ; he, in early boyhood, dependent upon his own exertions, labored on a farm, and at intervals at tended country-schools ; subsequently taught school, and graduated at McKendree College, Illinois, in 1850; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1851, and subsequently practised, except when engaged in official duties; was appointed by President Pierce in 1853 United-States land-receiver for the Edwards- ville (Illinois) land-office, and held that office until 1857; was elected a presidential elector in 1856; was elected to the State House of Representatives of Illinois 185(3 and 1857, and to the State Senate (from the Fourth Senatorial District) 1863 and 1864; was a delegate to the National Democratic Convention at New York in 1868; and was elected a representative from Illinois in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Dem ocrat, receiving 8,723 votes against 7,932 votes for James S. Martin, Republican, and 4,033 votes for Rolla B. Henry, Independent Reformer; was re- elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 14,591 votes against 12,763 votes for E. M. Ashcraft, Repub lican, serving from October 15, 1877. Spaulding, Elbridge G., was born at Summer Hill, New York, February 24, 1809; received an academical education; studied law at Batavia and at Attica, supporting himself by teaching and legal writing; \vas admitted to the bar in 1836, and com menced practice at Buffalo; was appointed city-clerk in 1836; was elected alderman in 1841, and mayor of Buffalo in 1847 ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1848; was elected a representa tive from New York in the Thirty-first Congress as a Whig, receiving 7,622 votes against 3,408 votes for Clinton, Democrat, and 2,367 votes for Wadsworth, Democrat, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1851; was treasurer of the State of New Y ork 1854-1855; took an active part in organizing the Republican party; was for several years a member of the State Central Committee, and in 1860 was an active member of the Congressional Executive Com mittee during the Lincoln campaign; was again elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Union candidate, receiving 12,427 votes against 7,539 votes for Hatch, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress as a Republican, receiving 12,256 votes against 10,947 votes for Haven, Demo crat, serving from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 1863 ; returning to Buffalo, he organized in 1864 the Farmers and Mechanics National Bank of Buffalo, of which he has since been the president. He pub lished " History of the Legal-Tender Paper Money issued during the Great Rebellion." Speed, Thomas, was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Fifteenth Congress, defeating Lancaster and Cru tcher, serving from December 1, 1817, to March 3, 1819. Speer, Robert Milton, was born in Cassville, Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania, September 8, 1838: was educated at Cassville Seminary; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1859, and has since practised at Huntingdon; was assistant clerk of the House of Representatives of the legislature of Penn sylvania during the session of 1863; and was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Forty- second Congress as a Democrat, receiving 10,335 votes against 10,324 votes for D. J. Morrell, Repub lican; and was re-elected to the Forty-third Con gress, receiving 12,011 votes against 11,422 votes for A. A. Barker, Republican, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1875. Speer, Thomas J., was born in Monroe County, Georgia, August 31, 1837; received an academic edu cation; is a merchant and planter ; was elected justice of the peace in 1861, and re-elected in 1805; was ap pointed collector of Confederate taxes for Pike County in June, 1863, and served in that capacity until the cessation of hostilities; was elected justice of the Inferior Court for Pike County in 1865, and served, until July, 1868; was elected to the Constitutional Convention of Georgia in 1867-1808; was elected to the State Senate of Georgia in 1868, serving until December, 1870; and, while a member, was elected a representative from Georgia in the Forty-second Congress as a Republican, receiving 13,714 votes against 12,790 votes for Lawton, Democrat, serving from March 4, 1871, to August 18, 1872, when he died. Speight, Jesse, was born in Greene County, North Carolina, September 22, 1795 ; received a public-school education; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1822, and of the State Senate 1823-1827, serving several years as speaker; was elected a representative from North Carolina in the Twenty-first Congress as a Democrat, defeat ing McLeod ; was re-elected to the Twenty-second, Twenty-third, and Twenty-fourth Congresses, serv ing from December 7, 1829, to March 3, 1837; re moved to Plymouth, Mississippi ; was elected to the State House of Representatives, and chosen speaker of the House; was elected a United-States senator from Mississippi as a Democrat, serving from Decem ber 1, 1845, to May 5, 1847, when he died at Colum bus, Mississippi. Spence, John S., was born in Maryland; re sided at Berlin; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Eighteenth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 2,503 votes against 1,328 votes for James Murray, serving from December 1, 1823, to March 3, 1825 ; was again elected to the Twenty-second Con gress, serving from December 5, 1831, to March 2, 1833; was elected a United-States senator from Maryland (in place of Robert II. Goldsborough, deceased), serving from January 11, 1837, to October 29, 1840, when he died. Spence, Thomas A., was born at Cambridge, Maryland, February 20, 1810; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1829 ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and prac tised at Snow Hill, Maryland; was district-judge in his circuit for some years ; was elected a representa tive from Maryland in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a \Vhig, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1845 ; was appointed by Postmaster-General Cress- well assistant attorney-general for the Post-office Department, serving from 1872 to May, 1877; was a special agent of the Post-office Department; died at Washington City November 10, 1877. Spencer, Ambrose, was born at Salisbury, Connecticut, December 13, 1765; received a classical education, partially at Yale, but graduating at Har vard College in 1783; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Hudson, New York; was a member of the State House of Repre sentatives in 1793, and of the State Senate 1795- 1798; was assistant attorney-general in 1796, and State attorney-general in 1802; was chosen judge in 1804 ; was a presidential elector in 1809 ; was chief justice of the State Supreme Court 1810-1823; re tired from the bench, and resumed practice; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-first Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 7, 1829, to March 3, 1831; was mayor of Albany for one term; retired in 1839 to a farm near Albany, and engaged in agricultural pursuits; was president of the National Whig Convention at Balti more in 1844; died at Lyons, New York, March 13, 1848. Spencer, Elijah, was born in Columbia County, New York; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1819; was elected a representative from New York in the Seventeenth Congress, serving from December 3, 1821, to March 3, 1823. Spencer, George E., was born in Jefferson 636 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. County, New York, November 1, 1836; was educated at Montreal College, Canada; was admitted to the bar in Iowa in 1857; was secretary of the Iowa Sen ate of 1856; entered the army as captain, assistant adjutant-general of volunteers, in 1862; recruited and raised the First Alabama Cavalry, United-States Volunteers, in 1863 ; commanded a brigade of cavalry on Sherman s grand march; was brevetted brigadier- general for "gallantry on the field;" resigned posi tion in the army July 4, 1865; was appointed register in bankruptcy for the Fourth District of Alabama in May, 1867; he was elected United-States senator from Alabama as a Republican, and took his seat July 25, 1868, and was re-elected in 1872. His term of office will expire March 3, 1879. Spencer, James B., was born in New York; resided at Fort Covington ; served as captain in the war of 1812; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1831 and 1832; was elected a rep resentative from New York in the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1839; was magistrate, county-judge, and Indian agent; died at Fort Covington, New York, March 16, 1848. Spencer, John Canfield, was born at Hud son, New York, January 8, 1787: received a classical education, graduating at Union College in 1806; stud ied law ; was admitted to the bar in 1809, and com menced practice at Canandaigua; was made master in chancery in 1811; served in the war of 1812 as brigade judge-advocate; was appointed postmaster of Canandaigua in 1814; was assistant attorney- general for the western part of New York in 1815 ; was elected a representative from New York in the Fifteenth Congress as a Democrat, serving from De cember 1, 1817, to March 3, 1819; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1820-1821, serv ing the first year as speaker ; was a member of the State Senate 1824-1828; became prominently con nected with the anti-Masonic movement, and was appointed by Governor Van Buren special attorney to prosecute, if they could be found, those connected with the alleged abduction of Morgan; was again a member of the State House of Representatives in 1832 ; was secretary of state, and superintendent of common schools, 1839-1840; was appointed by Presi dent Tyler secretary of war October 12, 1841; was transferred to the Treasury Department March 3, 1843, but opposed the annexation of Texas, and resigned May 2. 1844; edited the Revised Statutes of the State of New York; died at Albany, New York, May 18, 1855. Spencer, Joseph, was born at East Haddam, Connecticut, in 1714; was judge of probate in 1753; served as major and lieutenant-colonel in the French war 1758; was a member of the Connecticut Council 1776; was appointed brigadier-general in the Conti nental army June 22, 1775, and major-general August 9, 1776; resigned June 14, 1778, because Congress had ordered an investigation into his military conduct in Rhode Island in 1777 ; was a delegate from Connecti cut to the Continental Congress 1779; was elected a member of the Connecticut Council in 1780; and was annually re-elected until he died at East Haddam, Connecticut, January 13, 1789. Spencer, Richard, was born in Maryland ; re sided at Easton; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Twenty-first Congress as a Clay Democrat, serving from December 7, 1829, to March 3, 1831. Spencer, William B., was born in Catahoula Parish, Louisiana, February 5, 1835; received a clas sical education, graduating at Centenary College, and in the law department of the University of Louisiana; was admitted to the bar in 1857, and practised at Harrisonburg, Louisiana, until 1861; entered the Confederate army as captain of infantry, and served throughout the war; resumed the practice of law, after the war, at Vidalia, Concordia Parish, Lou isiana; was elected a representative from Louisiana in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiv ing a majority of 1,315 votes over Frank Morey, Re publican. The Returning Board of Louisiana, how ever, returned Morey as elected, and he held the seat until May 31, 1876, when the House, by resolution, declared Spencer to have been duly elected, and he was accordingly sworn in June 8, 1876, serving to January 8, 1877, when he resigned. Spiiik, Cyrus, was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Repub lican, receiving 9,438 votes against 7,318 votes for J. P. Jeffries, Democrat, but died before taking his seat. Spink, S. L., was born at Whitehall, New York, March 20, 1831 ; received an academic education at Castleton, Vermont; taught school for several years in New England, New York, and Maryland ; studied law, and was admitted to practice at Burlington, Iowa, in 1856; removed to Paris, Illinois, in 1860, and became editor and publisher of The Prairie Beacon," a radical Republican newspaper; was elect ed to the State legislature in 1864; in 1865 was ap pointed secretary of Dakota Territory, his commission being signed by President Lincoln on the afternoon before lie was assassinated ; was re-appointed by Pres ident Johnson, and confirined by the Senate in Janu ary, 1866; continued to discharge the duties of that office up to March 4, 1869; was elected a delegate from Dakota in the Forty-first Congress as a Repub lican nominee, receiving 1,379 votes against 644 votes for Todd, Democrat, 603 votes for Toohy, Inde pendent Democrat, 658 votes for Burleigh, Independ ent, and 581 votes for Kidder, People s candidate, serving from March 4, > 1S(,9, to March 3, 1871. Spinner, Francis E., was born at German Flats, New York, January 21, 1802; received a clas sical education from his father, the Rev. Herr Spin ner; was cashier of the Mohawk- Valley Bank for twenty years; entered the State volunteer militia as lieutenant, and was successively promoted to the rank of major-general; was auditor of accounts in the naval ofiice of the New-York Custom House 1845- 1849; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-fourth Congress as an Antislavery Demo crat, receiving 7,618 votes against 5,357 votes for Alexander, Whig, and 3,414 votes for Benton. Pro- slavery Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Republican, receiving 14,722 votes against 6,115 votes for Dodge, Union Whig and Dem ocrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Republican, receiving 12,582 votes against 6,845 votes for Goodrich, Democrat, and served from De cember 3, 1855, until March 3, 1861; was appointed by President Lincoln treasurer of the United States March 16, 1861; was successively re-appointed by Presidents Johnson and Grant, arid resigned July 1, 1875 ; retired to private life, passing his winters at Florida. Sprague, Peleg, was born in Rochester, Massa chusetts, December 10, 1756 ; entered a store as clerk, but afterwards acquired a classical education, gradu ating at Dartmouth College in 1786; studied law with Benjamin West of Charlestown, and was ad mitted to the bar in 1787; commenced practice at Dartmouth (now New Bedford), but soon removed to Keene, New Hampshire, where he established him self; was appointed solicitor for Cheshire County in 1794 ; was elected a representative from New Hamp shire in the Fifth Congress (in place of Jeremiah Smith, resigned) on the second trial, defeating Wood- bury Langdon, serving from December 15, 1797, until March 3, 1799 ; declined a re-election on account of his health, and died in 1800. Sprague, Peleg, was born at Duxbury, Massa chusetts, in 1792; received a classical education, graduating at Harvard College in 1812 ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Augusta, then at Hallowell ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1821 and 1822; was elected a representative from Maine in the Nineteenth Con- STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 637 gress as a Whig; was re-elected to the Twentieth Congress, serving from December 5, 1825, to March 3, 1829; was elected a United-States senator from Maine, serving from December 7, 1829, to January 1, 1835, when he resigned; removed to Boston, and practised there; was a presidential elector on the Harrison and Tyler ticket in 1840; was United-States judge for the district of Massachusetts 1841-1805; was living in Boston July 1, 1878. Sprague, "William (uncle of William Sprague), was born at Cranston, Rhode Island, in 1800; re ceived a good English education; engaged in mer cantile and manufacturing pursuits ; was for many years a member of the State House of Representa tives; was elected a representative from Rhode Is land in the Twenty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 7, 1835, to March 3, 1837; declined a re-election; was governor of Rhode Island in 1838 and 1839; was elected a United-States senator from Rhode Island (in place of Nathan F. Dixon, deceased), serving from February 18, 1842, to Janu ary 17, 1844, when he resigned ; was a presidential elector on the Taylor and Fillmore ticket in 1848; died at Providence, Rhode Island, October 19, 1856. Sprague, William, was born in Rhode Island ; removed to Michigan, and located at Kalamazoo; was elected a representative from Michigan in the Thirty-first Congress as a Free-Soiler, sen-ing from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1851 ; died soon after wards at Kalamazoo. Sprague, William (nephew of William Sprague), was born at Cranston. Rhode Island, Sep tember 12, 1830; received an academic education; became largely interested in manufacturing pursuits; was elected governor of Rhode Island in 18(31, and. having raised several regiments for the Union army, served with them as brigadier-general in the early part of the war for the suppression of the Rebellion ; was elected a United-States senator from Rhode Island as a Republican to succeed James F. Sim mons (but, that senator resigning before the expira tion of his term, the seat was occupied meanwhile by Samuel G. Arnold, Conservative) ; he was twice re- elected, serving from March 4, 1863, to March 3, 1875; resumed the control of his manufacturing establish ments. Sprague, William P., was born in Morgan County, Ohio, May 21, 1827; received a common- school education; engaged in mercantile pursuits when quite young, and continued in active business until 1864; was the first president of the First Na tional Bank of McConnellsville; was a member of the State Senate of Ohio in 1860-18(51 and 1862-1863 ; and was elected a representative from Ohio in the Forty-second Congress as a Republican, receiving 11,263 votes against 10,547 votes for J. Cartwright, Democrat, and 148 votes for I. Parker, Prohibition ist ; and was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress, receiving 14,350 votes against 11,052 votes for C. L. Poorman, Liberal Republican, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1875. Sprigg, James C., was born in Maryland; re ceived an academical education; removed to Ken tucky, and located at Shelbyville ; was elected a rep resentative from Kentucky in the Twenty-seventh Congress, defeating Field, serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1843. Sprigg, Michael C., was bom in Maryland; re sided atFrostburg; was for several years a member of the State House of Representatives ; was president of the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal ; was a presiden tial elector on the Monroe ticket in 1820; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Twentieth Congress, receiving 416 majority over John Lee ; was re-eiected to the Twenty-first Congress, serving from December 3, 1827, to March 3, 1831; died at Cumber land, Maryland, December 28, 1845. Sprigg, Richard, was born in Maryland; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Fourth Congress (in place of Gabriel Durall, resigned) ; was re-elected to the Fifth Congress, serving from May 6, 1796, to March 3, 1799; was again elected to the Sev enth Congress, serving from December 7, 1801, to March 3, 1803. Sprigg, Thomas, was born in Maryland; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Third Congress; was re-elected to the Fourth Congress, serving from December 2, 1793, to March 3, 1797. Springer, William M., was born in Sullivan County. Indiana, May 30, 1836; removed to Illinois with his parents in 1848; graduated at the Indiana State University, Bloomington, in 1858; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1859 ; was secretary of the State Constitutional Convention of Illinois in 1862; was a member of the State legislature of Illi nois in 1871-1872; and was elected a representative from Illinois in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Dem ocrat, receiving 10,623 votes against 9,027 votes for Andrew Simpson, Republican, and 2,417 votes for Jonathan B. Turner, Independent Republican; and was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 17,409 votes against 13,714 votes for David L. Phil lips, Republican, serving from October 15, 1877. Spruance, Presley, was born in Delaware in 1785; resided at Smyrna; engaged in mercantile pur suits; was a member of the State Senate, and its president ; was elected a United-States senator from Delaware as a Whig, serving from December 6, 1847, to March 3, 1853 ; died at Smyrna, Delaware, Febru ary 13, 1863. Stallworth, James A., was born in Conecuh County, Alabama, April 7, 1822; received a classical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1845, and again in 1847: was elected solicitor of the Second Judicial Circuit of Alabama in 1849, and re-elected in 1853; was an unsuccessful Democratic candidate for Congress in 1855 ; was elected a representative from Alabama in the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 2,720 majority over McCaskill, Know-Nothing; and was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Dem ocrat by 3,083 majority, serving from December 1, 1857, until his withdrawal January 21, 1861, after the secession of Alabama; died at Evergreen, Alabama, in 1862. Stanard, Edwin O., was born at Newport, New Hampshire, Januarys, 1832; at the age of four years, removed to the Territory of Iowa with his parents, living on a farm, and receiving little more than a common-school education, until, at the age of twenty, he went to St. Louis to seek his fortune ; taught school three winters in Illinois, opposite St. Louis, and attended school in the city during the summer; in 1855 graduated at a commercial college, and obtained a clerkship in a commission-house; in 1856 opened a commission-house on his own account, and in a few years opened branch houses in Chicago and New Orleans; in 1865 went also into the milling business at St. Louis, and is now exclusively engaged in that business; was elected lieutenant-governor of the State of Missouri on the Republican ticket in 1868, and served two years; and was elected a representa tive from Missouri in the Forty-third Congress as a Regular Republican, receiving 5,271 votes against 5,129 votes for W. M. Grosvenor, Liberal Republican and Democrat, serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1875. Stanberry, W illiam, was born in Essex Coun ty, New Jersey; was elected a representative from 5hio in the Twentieth Congress as a Jackson Demo crat, and re-elected to the Twenty-first and Twenty- second Congresses, serving from December 3, 1S27, until March 2, 1833; he addressed a communication to Mr. Speaker Stevenson April 14, 1S32, stating that he was waylaid in the street the night previous, " at tacked, knocked down by a bludgeon, and severely bruised and wounded, by Samuel Houston, late of Tennessee, for words spoken in debate," for which General Houston was brought before the bar of the 638 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. House, and reprimanded; died at Newark, Ohio, January 27, 1872. Staiidifer, James, was elected a representative from Tennessee in the Eighteenth Congress as a Whig, serving from December 1, 1823, to March 3, 1823; was again elected in the Twenty-first Congress; was re-elected to the Twenty-second Congress; was re-elected to the Twenty-third Congress, defeating James L, Greene ; was re-elected to the Twenty-fourth Congress, serving from December 7, 1829, to March 3, 1837; was re-elected to the Twenty-fifth Congress, but died suddenly (when on his way to Washington to take his seat) near Kingston, Tennessee, August 24, 1837. Standiford, Blisha D., was born in Jefferson County, Kentucky, December 28, 1831; received a common-school education ; studied medicine, and graduated in 1853 ; was a banker, manufacturer, and fanner; was elected to the State Senate of Kentucky in 1868 and in 1871 ; and was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Forty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 11,179 votes against 5,033 votes for W. P. Boone, Republican, serving from Decem ber 1, 1873, to March 3, 1875; was elected president of the Louisville, Nashville, and Great Southern Railroad, and carried on a farm of 1,430 acres near Louisville. Stanford, Richard, was born in North Caro lina in 17(58; was elected a representative from North Carolina in the Fifth Congress as a Democrat ; and was re-elected to the Sixth, Seventh, Eighth, Ninth, Tenth, Eleventh, Twelfth, Thirteenth, and Four teenth Congresses, serving from May 15, 1797, to April 9, 181(5, when he died at Georgetown, District of Columbia. Stanly, Edward, was born at New Berne, North Carolina; was a student at the Middletown Military Academy; studied law, and was admitted to practice ; was elected to the House of Commons of the State legislature in 1844, 1846, and 1848, serving the last term as speaker; was attorney-general of North Caro lina in 1847; was elected as a Whig to the Twenty- fifth Congress, and re-elected to the Twenty-sixth and Twenty-seventh Congresses, serving from Sep tember 4, 1837, to March 3, 1843; was again elected to the Thirty-first Congress, receiving 4,987 votes against 4,940 votes for W. K. Lane, Democrat ; was re- elocted to the Thirty-second Congress, receiving 5,230 votes against 4,936 votes for Thomas Ilufiin, Democrat, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1853; re moved to California, where he devoted himself to the law; was recalled from there by President Lin coln in 1862 to act as military governor of North Carolina; after a few months service he resigned, and returned to California; died at San Francisco July 26, 1872. Stanly, John, was born in North Carolina; was a member of the House of Commons from New Berne in 1798, 1799; was elected a representative in the Seventh Congress, serving from December 7, 1801, until March 8, 1803; fought a duel with his predecessor in Congress (Governor Spaight), and mortally wounded him on the fourth fire, September 5, 18L/2; was pardoned by Governor Williams in 1803; was again elected a representative in the Eleventh Congress, serving from May 22, 1809, until March 3, 1811 ; was again a member of the House of Commons of North Carolina in 1812, 1813, 1814, 1815, 1818, 1819, 1823, 1825, and 1826, serving several times as speaker; he was stricken with paralysis in 1826, and died at New Berne, North Carolina, August 3, 1834. Stanton, Benjamin, was born at Mount Pleas ant, Jefferson County, Ohio, June 4, 1809 ; was reared on a farm until he was seventeen years of age, and then apprenticed to a tailor until he was twenty-one; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1834, and commenced practice at Bellefontaine ; was a member of the State Senate in 1841 ; resigned in 1842, but was re-elected the same year; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention; was elected a repre sentative from Ohio in the Thirty-second Congress as a Whig, receiving 8,110 votes against 5,181 votes for John A. Corwin, Democrat, serving from De cember 1, 1851, to March 3, 1853; was again elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress as a Republican, re ceiving 11,000 votes against 3,350 votes for Dial, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Con gress, receiving 9,756 votes against 6,210 votes for Runkle, Democrat, and 1,239 votes for Glover, Ameri can; was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, re ceiving 8,716 votes against 5,928 votes for W. Hub- bard, Democrat, serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1861 ; was lieutenant-governor of Ohio in 1862. Stantcn, Frederick P. (brother of Richard II. Stanton), was born in the District of Columbia; worked with his father, who Avas a bricklayer; re ceived by his own exertions a classical education, graduating at Columbia College; taught school; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Memphis, Tennessee ; was elected a representative from Tennessee in the Twenty-ninth Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirtieth Congress; was re-elected to the Thirty-first Congress, receiving (5,250 votes against 5,799 votes for J. W. Harris, Whig; was re-elected to the Thirty-second Congress, receiving 6,495 votes against 6,142 votes for "Cole- man, Whig; was re-elected to the Thirty-third Con gress, receiving 5,126 votes against 5,120 votes for Yerger, Whig, serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1855 ; was appointed governor of Kansas, serving 1858-1861 ; returned to Washington, and en gaged in the practice of law. Stanton, Joseph, was born at Charleston, Rhode Island, July 19, 1739; served as second lieu tenant in the Rhode-Island regiment raised for the expedition against Canada in 1759; was a member of the General Assembly of Rhode Island 1768-1774; was a member of the Committee of Safety January 28, 1775; was colonel of a Rhode-Island regiment in 1776; was a delegate to the State Convention of 1790 which adopted the Federal Constitution; was elected a United-States senator from Rhode Island as a Democrat, serving from June 25, 1790, to March 2, 1793; was again a member of the State House of Representatives 1794-1800; was elected a representa tive from Rhode Island in the Seventh Congress as a Democrat on the second trial, receiving 849 majority over Thomas Noyes, Federalist; was re-elected to the Eighth Congress, defeating Elisha R. Potter; was re- elected to the Ninth Congress, receiving 1,606 votes of the 1,607 votes cast, serving from December 7, 1801, to March 3, 1807; died at Charleston, Rhode Island. Stanton, Richard H. (brother of Frederick P. Stanton), was born at Alexandria, Virginia, Septem ber 9, 1812; received an academic education; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice at Maysville, Kentucky; was appointed post master, but was removed when General Taylor be came President; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Thirty-first Congress as a Demo crat, receiving 7,764 votes against 7,400 votes for John P. Gaines, Taylor Whig; was re-elected to the Thirty-second Congress, receiving 7,649 votes against 6,622 votes for Marshall, Whig; was re-elected to the Thirty-third Congress, receiving 7,583 votes against 7,070 votes for Hodge, Whig, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1855; was a presidential elector on the Buchanan ticket in 1856 ; was State attorney for his judicial district in 1858; was a delegate to the National Democratic Convention at New York in 1868; was elected district-judge, serving 18(58-1874. He published " The Revised Statutes of Kentucky " and " A Code of Practice." Starin, John H., was born at Sammonsville, Fulton County (then a part of Montgomery), New York, August 27, 1825; received an academic educa tion; commenced the study of medicine in 1842; established and conducted the drug and medicine STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 639 business at Fultonville, New York, from 1845 to 1858; from 1848 to 1852 was postmaster at Fultonville; from 1850 to the present time has been largely engaged in the transportation business through New- York City and harbor, and the waters of Long-Island Sound, with its accessories of vessel-building, &c. ; is at pres ent a director of the North-River Bank, New-York City, and the Mohawk-River National Bank; is great ly and personally interested in agriculture and stock ing; was elected a representative from New York in the Forty-fifth Congress as a Republican, receiving 19,142 votes against 18,089 votes for Nicholas H. Decker, Democrat, serving from October 15, 1877. Stark, Benjamin, was born at New Orleans, Louisiana, June 2(5, 1820; received an academical education at New London, Connecticut; entered a counting-house at New York, and became a mer chant ; removed to Oregon in 1845, and engaged in commercial operations with the. Sandwich Islands; relinquished trade in 1850; studied law; was ad mitted to the bar in 1851, and commenced practice at Portland; was a member of the Territorial House of Representatives in 1852, and of the State House of Representatives in 1860 ; was appointed a United- States senator from Oregon (in place of Edward D. Baker, deceased) as a Democrat, serving from Febru ary 27, 1802, to December 1, 1862, when his successor took his seat; was a delegate from Oregon to the Na tional Democratic Convention at Chicago in 1864, and at New York in 1868; removed to Connecticut. Starkweather, David A., was born in Con necticut; received an academical education ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice at Canton, Ohio; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Twenty-sixth Congress as a Demo crat, serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1841; was again elected to the Twenty-ninth Con gress, serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1847; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Thirtieth Congress by S. Lahm, Independent Democrat; was a presidential elector on the Cass and Butler ticket in 1848; was appointed by Presi dent Pierce minister to Chili, serving June 29, 1854- August 26, 1857. Starkweather, George A., was born in Con necticut; removed to Coopcrstown, New York; was elected a representative from New York in the Thir tieth Congress, serving from December 6, 1847, to March 3, 1849. Starkweather, Henry H., was born at Pres ton, Connecticut, April 29, 1826 ; was educated prin cipally in the public schools; studied law; was ad mitted to the bar, and practised ; was a member of the Connecticut legislature in 1856 ; was a delegate to the National Republican Convention that nom inated Mr. Lincoln in 1860, and General Grant in 1868; was appointed in 1861 postmaster at Norwich by President Lincoln, and in 1865 he was re-ap pointed by President Johnson, but after the latter made his speech of February 22, 1866, he sent in his resignation; he was elected a representative from Connecticut in the Fortieth Congress as a Repub lican, receiving 9,723 votes against 7,827 votes for Martin, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress, receiving 9,122 votes against 6,853 votes for Converse, Democrat; was elected to the Forty- second Congress, receiving 8,937 votes against 7,472 votes for J. W. Stedman, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress, receiving 7,754 votes against 6,000 votes for Bill, Democrat, and 769. votes for Palmer, Prohibitionist; was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Congress as a Republican, receiving 9,000 votes against 8,025 votes for L. F. S. Foster, Democrat, arid 575 votes for Palmer, Prohibitionist, serving from March 4, 1867, to January 28, 1876, when he died at Washington City. Starr, John F., was born at Philadelphia, Penn sylvania, in 1818; received a public-school educa tion; removed to Camden, New Jersey, in 1844; was engaged in mercantile pursuits ; was elected a repre- I sentative from New Jersey in the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Republican, receiving 9,491 votes against 8,961 votes for Stratton, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiving 12,093 votes against 10,126 votes for Dickinson, Dem ocrat, serving from December 7, 1863, to March 3, 1867. St. Clair, Arthur, was born at Thurso, Scot land, in 1734; received a classical education at the University of Edinburgh; studied medicine with John Hunter; immigrated to America in 1758 with the British troops; was with General Amherst at the capture of Louisburg, and General Wolfe at the con quest of Quebec; resigned his commission in 1762; settled in Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania, in 1764, and erected flour and saw mills; was appointed justice of the Court of Common Pleas and district- surveyor in 1770; was commissioned colonel of militia in 1775, and sent to Fort Pitt to treat with the Indians; was ordered to Canada in 1776, and promoted major-general; distinguished himself in the leading battles cf the Revolution; was a delegate from Pennsylvania to the Continental Congress 1785- 1787, serving the last year as president; was ap pointed governor of the North-west Territory in. 1788; located and named the city of Cincinnati; was appointed general-in-chief of the army in 1791, and resigned in 1792 ; was, in the latter years of his life, dependent xipon pensions voted him by Con gress and by Pennsylvania; died at Greensburg, Pennsylvania, August 31, 1818. He published a " Narrative of the Campaign of 1791 ; " and a memoir of his life was published by A. T. Goodman. Stearns, Asahel, was born at Lunenburg, Massachusetts, June 17, 1774; received a classical education, graduating at Harvard College in 1797; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and com menced practice at Chelmsf ord, Massachusetts ; was for several years State attorney for Middlesex Coun ty; was a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences; was defeated as the Federal candidate for Congress in the Middlesex District in 1812 by W. M. Richardson, who was the only Democratic candidate elected in the State; was elected a rep resentative from Massachusetts in the Fourteenth Congress as a Federalist, serving from January 15, 1816, to March 3, 1817; was professor of law at Har vard College 1817-1829, when he resigned ; was the author of a work on " Real Actions," and one of the commissioners for codifying the laws of Massa chusetts ; died at Cambridge, Massachusetts, Febru ary 5, 1839. Stebbins, Henry G., was born at New York in 1812 ; received a public-school education ; became a banker; was colonel of the Twelfth Regiment New- York National Guard ; was a park commissioner, a director of the New-York Academy of Music, and president of the Dramatic Fund Association; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 9,908 votes against 7,759 votes for McCormick, Re publican, serving from December 7, 1863, to Octo ber, 1864, when he resigned. Stedman, William, was born in Massachusetts in 1765; received a classical education, graduating at Harvard College in 1784 ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar in 1787, and practised ; was for several years clerk of the Supreme Judicial Court at Worcester; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1802; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Eighth Congress as a Federalist; was re-elected to the Ninth, Tenth, and Eleventh Congresses, serving from October 17, 1803, to 1810, when he resigned; died at Newburyport, Massachusetts, in 1831. Steele, John, was born in Salisbury, North Caro lina, November 1, 1764; received a public-school edu cation; engaged in mercantile pursuits, and then became a successful farmer; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1787, 1788, 1794, 640 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. 1795. 1806, 1811-1813; was a member of the con vention which met at Hillsborough to consider the Federal Constitution in 1788; was elected a repre sentative in the First Congress as a Federalist; was re-elected to the Second Congress, serving from April 19, 1790, until March 2, 1793"; was appointed in 1806 on the commission to adjust the boundaries between North and South Carolina; was appointed by Presi dent Washington first comptroller of the treasury July 1, 1796; was re-appointed by President John Adams, and resigned December 15, 1802, although solicited by President Jefferson to remain; was again elected to the State House of Representatives, but died at Salisbury, North Carolina, on the same day, August 14, 1815. Steele, John B., was born at Delhi, New York, March 28, 1814; received a classical educa tion, graduating at Williams College, Massachusetts ; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1839, and commenced practice at Cooperstown, New York; was district-attorney for Otsego County; removed in 1847 to Kingston; was elected in 1850 special judge of Ulster County; was elected a representa tive from New York in the Thirty-seventh Congress as a Democrat, receiving 9,938 votes against 9,789 votes for Sylvester, Republican; was re-elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, receiving 10,203 votes against 8,422 votes for Cornell, Republican, serving from July 4, 1861, to March 3, 1865; was thrown from a carnage and killed at Kingston, New York, September 24, 1866. Steele, John N., was born in Maryland; re sided at Vienna; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Twenty-third Congress (in place of Littleton P. Dennis, deceased) as a Whig, receiving 1,017 majority over Stewart, Democrat; was re- elected to the Twenty-fourth Congress, serving from 1834 to March 3, 1837. Steele, Walter Leak, was born at Steele s Mills (now Little s Mills), Richmond County, North Carolina, April 18, 1823; was educated partly at Ramlolph-Macon College, at Wake-Forest College, and then at the University of North Carolina, where he graduated in 1844; was elected a member of the State House of Commons in 1846, 1848, 1850, and 1854, and of the State Senate in 1852 and 1858 ; is a member of the legal profession ; was a delegate to the National Democratic Conventions at Charleston and Baltimore in I860; was the secretary of the State Convention of 1861 which passed the ordi nance of secession ; was the Democratic candidate for presidential elector in the Sixth District in 1872; and was elected a representative from North Carolina in the Forty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 17,256 votes against 10,283 votes for Allen Jordan, Republican, serving from October 15, 1877. Steele, William G., was born in Somerset County, New Jersey, December 17, 1820; received an academical education; engaged in mercantile pursuits and banking; was a State director of the Canulen and Amboy Railroad, and of the Delaware and Raritan Canal; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Thirty-seventh Congress as a Democrat, receiving 12,843 votes against 10,438 votes for Berthoud, Republican; was re-elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, receiving 15,708 votes against 9,093 votes for Brownson, Republican, serv- ine from July 4, 1861, to March 3, 1865. Steele, William B., was born in New- York City July 24, 1842; received an academic education; studied law, and practises the profession ; served in the Union army as private and commissioned officer during the late war; was a staff -officer of Major- Generals John Sedgwick, O. O. Howard, John Gib bon, and Alexander S. Webb, of the Army of the Potomac; was elected a member of the Legislative Council of Wyoming Territory in the fall of 1871, resigning the said position the 4th of March, 1873; and was elected a delegate from Wyoming Territory in the Forty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving a majority of about 300 votes overW. T. Jones, Republican ; was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Con gress by a majority of 602 votes over Joseph M. Carey, Republican, serving from December 6, 1872, to March 3, 1877. Steenrod, Lewis, was born in Virginia; re sided at Wheeling; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Twenty-sixth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 2,667 votes against 2,112 votes for Thomas Hamond, Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress; was re-elected to the Twenty-eighth Congress, receiving no opposition, serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1845. Stenger, William S., was born at Loudon, Pennsylvania, February 13, 1840; graduated at Franklin and Marshall College, Lancaster, Penn sylvania, in July, 1858; studied law; was admitted to the bar in August, 1860, at Chambersburg, where he has since practised; was district-attorney of Franklin County from 1862 to 1871, having been twice re-elected; and was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 12,804 votes against 11,781 votes for Langhom Wister, Republican; and was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 15,301 votes against 15,232 votes for Thaddeus M. Mahon, Republican, serving from December 6, 1875. Stephens, Abraham P., was bom in New York; resided at Nyack; was elected a representa tive from New York in the Thirty-second Congress as a Democrat, receiving 4,851 votes against 4,372 votes for Gurnee, Whig, serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1853. Stephens, Alexander Hamilton, was born in that part of Wilkes County, Georgia, which now forms a part of Taliaferro County, February 11, 1812; graduated at the University of Georgia, at Athens, in 1832; taught school eighteen months; was ad mitted to the bar at Crawfordsville in 1834; was a member of the House of Representatives of the Georgia legislature from Taliaferro County in 1836- 1841, and was a member of the State Senate from Taliaferro County in 1842 ; was run as a presidential elector for the State at large in Georgia on the Douglas and Johnson ticket in 1860 ; was elected to the Secession Convention of Georgia in 1861 ; op posed and voted against the ordinance of secession in that body, but gave it his support after it had been passed by the convention against his judgment as to its policy; was elected by that convention to the Confederate Congress which met at Montgomery, Alabama, February 4, 1861, and was chosen Vice- President under the Provisional Government by that Congress; was elected Vice-President of the Confederate States for the term of six years, under what was termed " the permanent government," in November, 1861 ; visited the State of Virginia on a, mission under the Confederate Government in April, 1861, upon the invitation of that State; was one of the commissioners on the part of the Confederate Government at the Hampton-Roads conference in February, 1865; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Whig, re ceiving 38,051 votes against 35,001 votes for James H. Stark, Democrat; .was re-elected to the Twenty- ninth Congress, receiving 4,202 votes against 3,152 votes for Jones, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirtieth Congress, receiving 3,507 votes against 2,078 votes for Turner, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-first Congress, receiving 4,019 votes against 2,602 votes for Day, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-second Congress, receiving 4,744 votes against 1,955 votes for Lewis, Democrat; was re- elected to the Thirty-third Congress, receiving 5,634 votes against 2,444 votes for Jones, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress as a Demo crat, receiving 5,808 votes against 3,079 votes for Lamar, American; was re-elected to the Thirty- fifth Congress, receiving 5,151 votes against 4,096 votes for Miller, American, serving from December STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 4, 1843, to March 3, 1859, when he declined a re election; was elected a United-States senator in I860 by the first legislature convened under the new Constitution, but was not allowed to take his seat; was elected to the Forty-third Congress (to fill the vacancy occasioned by the death of Ambrose R. Wright), and was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Congress as a straight-out Jefferson Democrat, re ceiving 6,822 votes against 12 votes for Harrison, Republican ; was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Con gress, receiving 14,471 votes against 1,273 votes for . Tennelle, serving from October 15, 1877. Stephens, Philander, was born in Pennsylva nia in 1788; resided at Montrose; was elected a rep resentative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-first Congress as a Jackson Democrat ; was re-elected to the Twenty-second Congress, serving from December 7, 1829, to March 2, 1833; died at Springfield, Penn sylvania, July 8, 1842. " Stephenson, Benjamin, was born in Ken tucky ; removed in 1809 to Randolph County, Illinois Territory; was high sheriff of the county; served as colonel of militia in the war of 1812 ; was elected a delegate from Illinois Territory in the Thirteenth Congress (in place of Shadrack Bond, resigned); was re-elected to the Fourteenth Congress, serving from November 14, 1814, to March 3, 1817; was appointed receiver of public money at Edwardsville, Illinois, and died there. Stephenson, James, was born at Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, March 20, 1764; removed when young to Virginia, and located at Martinsburg; served under General St. Glair in his Indian expedition as captain of volunteer riflemen; became brigade-in spector ; was a member of the State House of Repre sentatives ; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Eighth Congress as a Federalist, serving from October 17, 1803, to March 3, 1805; was again elected to the Eleventh Congress, serving from May 22, 1809, to March 3, 1811 ; was again elected to the Seven teenth Congress (in place of Thomas Van Swearingen, deceased) ; was re-elected to the Eighteenth Congress, serving from December 2, 1822, to March 3, 1825; died at Martinsburg, Virginia, August 7, 1833. Sterigere, John B., was born in Pennsylvania; resided at Upper Dublin, and subsequently at Mor- ristown; was elected a representative from Pennsyl vania in the Twentieth Congress as a Jackson Demo crat, defeating Philip S. Markley, Adams Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty-first Congress, serving from December 3, 1827, to March 3, 1831. Sterling, Ansel, was born in New-London Coun ty, Connecticut; resided at Sharon; was elected a representative from Connecticut in the Seventeenth Congress ; was re-elected to the Eighteenth Congress, serving from December 3, 1821, to March 3, 1825. Sterling, Micah, was born at Lyme, Connecti cut, in 1781; received a classical education, graduat ing at Yale College in 1804; studied law at the Litch- field Law School ; was admitted to the bar, and com menced practice at Adams, removing the next year to Watertown, New York; was elected a representa tive from New York in the Seventeenth Congress, serving from December 3, 1821, to March 3, 1823; died at Watertown, New York, April 10, 1844. Sterrett, Samuel, was born in Maryland in 1756; resided at Baltimore; was elected a representa tive from Maryland in the Second Congress, serving from October 24, 1791, to March 2, 1793; died at Bal timore, Maryland, July 12, 1833. Stetson, Charles, was born at New Ipswich, New Hampshire, November 7, 1801 ; removed with his parents to Hampden, Maine, in 1802; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1823; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Hampden until 1833, when he removed to Bangor; was appointed judge of the Bangor Mu nicipal Court in 1834, and clerk of the Penobscot- county courts in 1836; was elected a member of the State council 1845-1848; was elected a representative from Maine in the Thirty-first Congress as a Demo crat, receiving 5,095 votes against 4,492 votes for Washburn, Whig, and 2,043 votes for Curtis, Demo crat, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1851. Stetson, Lemuel, was born in New York ; re ceived an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Keeseville; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1835, 1836, and 1842; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 4,635 votes against 4,092 votes for McDonald, Whig, and 165 votes for Parkhurst, Abolitionist, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1845; was county-judge of Clinton County 1847-1851 ; was again a member of the State House of Representatives in 1862. Stevens, Aaron F., was born at Derry, New Hampshire, August 9, 1810; received an academic education; studied and practised law ; was a mem ber of the legislature of the State of New Hamp shire in 1849, 1854, 1856, and 1857; was county-soli citor from 1856 until 1861 ; entered the Union army in 1861 as major of the First New-Hampshire Volun teers ; was afterwards colonel of the Thirteenth New- Hampshire Volunteers, commandant of a brigade, and brigadier-general by brevet ; and was elected a representative from New Hampshire in the Fortieth Congress as a Republican, receiving 11,260 votes against 10,305 votes for Harrington, Democrat ; was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress, receiving 11,338 votes against 9,740 votes for Harrington, Democrat, serving from March 4, 1867, to March 3, 1871; was again a member of the State House of Representa tives. Stevens, Bradford N., was born at Boscawen (now Webster), New Hampshire, January 3, 1813; after the usual academic course, he studied one year in Le Petit Seminaire at Montreal, and graduated at Dartmouth College, New Hampshire, in 1835; was an educator six years in Hopkinsville, Kentucky, and New- York City; removed in 1843 to Bureau County, Illinois, where he was a merchant and farmer, and took an active part in the promotion of internal im provements ; was chairman of the board of supervi sors of Bureau County in 1868; was elected a rep resentative from Illinois in the Forty-second Congress as an Independent Democrat, receiving 11,579 votes against 9,963 votes for Ebon C. Ingersoll, Republican, and 868 votes for Ives, Temperance, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1873. Stevens, Charles A., was elected a represen tative from Massachusetts in the Forty-third Con gress (in place of Alvah Crocker, deceased) as a Re publican, serving from January 27, 1875, to March 3, 1875. Stevens, Hestor L., was born at Lima, New York, October, 1803; received an academical educa tion; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Rochester, where he also was connected with the press ; removed to Michigan, and located at Pontiac ; was elected a representative from Michigan in the Thirty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 10,746 votes against 8,948 votes for Bradley, Whig, and 1,048 votes for Calkins, Free-Soiler, serv ing from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855; died at Georgetown, District of Columbia, May 7, 1864. Stevens, Hiram S., was born at Weston, Ver mont, in 1832; received a common-school education there; removed to New Mexico in 1851, and in 1853 located in that part of New Mexico now known as Arizona; was a member of the Territorial legislature of Arizona 1868-1873; and was elected a delegate from Arizona in the Forty-fourth Congress as an In dependent candidate, receiving 1,442 votes against 1,076 votes for C. C. Bean, and 638 votes for John Smith; and was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Con gress, receiving 1,412 votes against 1,076 votes for Bean, Independent, and 638 votes for Smith, Inde pendent, serving from October 15, 1877. Stevens, Isaac Ingalls, was born at North 642 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Andover. Massachusetts, in 1818; received a military education, graduating first in his class at West Point in 1839: entering thecorpB of engineers, he served on the staff of General Scott in Mexico, distinguishing himself in several engagements; was an assistant in the coast survey ; resigned in 1853, having been ap pointed by President Pierce governor of Washington Territory, which office he held until he resigned in August, 1857; was wounded in a rencounter with Chief Justice Sanders; was elected a delegate from Washington Territory in the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Con gress, serving from December 7, 1857, to March 3, 18(31 ; entered the Union army as colonel of the Seventy-ninth New- York Highlanders July 30, 1861 ; was appointed brigadier-general of volunteers Sep tember 28, 18G1 ; served under Sherman in the Port- Koyal expedition; was appointed major-general July 4, 1862, and commanded a division under General Pope; was mortally wounded at the second Bull- Run battle while carrying the flag of one of his regi ments, and cheering it forward; died at Chantilla, Virginia, September 6, 1862. He published Cam paign of the Rio Grande and Mexico, with Remarks on the Recent Work of Major Ripley," and a survey of the route for the North Pacific Railroad. Stevens, James, was born at Fairfleld, Con necticut, in 1768 ; was elected a representative from Connecticut in the Sixteenth Congress as a Demo crat, serving from December 6, 1819, to March 3, 1821; was appointed postmaster at Stamford, Con necticut, in 1822; died at Stamford, Connecticut, April 16, 1835. Stevens, Thaddeus, was born at Peacham, Vermont, April 4, 1792; graduated at Dartmouth College, and removed to Pennsylvania in 1814; while teacher in an academy, he studied law, and was ad mitted to the bar ; was a member of the State legis lature of Pennsylvania in 1833, 1834, 1835, 1837, and 1841 ; was a member of the State Constitutional Con vention in 1838 ; was appointed a canal commission er in 1838; removed to Lancaster, Pennsylvania, in 1842; was elected a representative from Pennsyl vania in the Thirty-first Congress as a Wliig, receiv ing 9,565 votes against 5,464 votes for Shaeffer, Democrat ; was re-elected to the Thirty-second Con gress, receiving 5,701 votes against 4,OU9 votes for Muhlenberg, Democrat, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 1, 1853; was again elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Republican, receiving 9,513 votes against 6,341 votes for Hopkins, Demo crat; was re-elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress, receiving 12,964 votes against 470 votes scattering; was re-elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, receiv ing 11,174 votes against 6,650 votes for Steinson, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Con gress, receiving 11,804 votes against 7,344 votes for North, Democrat; was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, receiving 14,298 votes against 8,675 votes for Reynolds, Democrat, serving from December 5, 1859, to August 11, 1868, when he died at Washing ton City. Stevenson, Adlai E., was born in Christian County, Kentucky, October 23, 1835; was educated at Centre College, Danville, Kentucky; studied law in Bloomington, Kentucky, with Williams and Pack ard, and was admitted to the bar May 1, 1858; re moved to Woodford County, Illinois, where he com menced practice ; was master in chancery 1861-1865, and State s attorney for the Twenty-third Judicial District 1864-1868 ; removed to Bloomington Janu ary 1, 1869, and commenced practice there; and was elected a representative from Illinois in the Forty- fourth Congress as the candidate of the " Independ ent Reform Party," receiving 11,135 votes against 9,903 votes for John McNulta, Republican, serving from December 6, 1875, to March 3, 1877. Stevenson, Andrew (father of John W. Ste venson), was born in Culpepper County, Virginia, in 1784; received a classical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Richmond, Virginia; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1804-1820, serving several years as speaker: was elected a representative from Virginia in the Eighteenth Congress as a Democrat; was re- elected to the Nineteenth, Twentieth, Twenty-first, Twenty-second, and Twenty-third Congresses, serv ing from December 1, 1823, to June 2, 1834, when he resigned, having served as speaker 1827-1834; w T as minister to Great Britain March 16, 1836-October 21, 1841; devoted himself to agricultural pursuits; was rector of the University of Virginia 1856-1857 ; died at " Blenheim," Albemarle County, Virginia, January 25, 1857. Stevenson, James S., was born in York Coun ty, Pennsylvania; resided at Pittsburg; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Nine teenth Congress; was re-elected to the Twentieth Congress, serving from December 5, 1825, to March 3, 1829 ; died at Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, October 17, 1831. Stevenson, Job E., was born in Ross County, Ohio, February 10, 1831; received an irregular col legiate education; studied law, and practised; was solicitor of Chillicothe in 1859, 1860, 1861, and 1862; was a member of the Ohio Senate from Ross and Highland Counties in 1863, 1864, and 1865; was de feated as the Republican candidate for Congress in the Twelfth District of Ohio in 1864; removed to Cincinnati in 1865, and continued the practice of law; and was elected a representative from Ohio in the Forty-first Congress as a Republican, receiving 497 majority over Samuel F. Cary, Independent Workingmen s candidate and adopted Democrat; and was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress, re ceiving 9,294 votes against 7,745 votes for S. F. Cary, Democrat, serving from March 4, 1869, to March 3, 1873. Stevenson, John "W. (son of Andrew Steven son), was born at Richmond, Virginia, May 4, 1812, and received his early education there ; attended the University of Virginia, and graduated in 1834; studied law in Virginia; went to Kentucky in 1841 ; has been county-attorney; was a representative in the legisla ture of Kentucky for several years ; was a member of the State Constitutional Convention which framed the present Constitution; was one of the revisers who framed a civil and criminal code of practice; was a presidential elector in 1852 and in 1856 for the State at large; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Demo crat, receiving 8,748 votes against 4,185 votes for Rankin, American; was re-elected to the Thirty- sixth Congress, receiving 9,295 votes against 5,839 votes for Jones, Opposition, serving from December 7, 1857, to March 3, 1861; was elected lieutenant- governor of Kentucky in 1867; was elected governor in 1868; was elected United-States senator from Ken tucky as a Democrat (to succeed T. C. McCreery, Democrat), serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1877. Stewart, Andrew, was born in Fayette County, Pennsylvania, June 1792; received a public-school education ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar in 1815, and commenced practice at Uniontown; was appointed by President Monroe United-States attor ney for the Western District of Pennsylvania; was for three years a member of the State House of Representatives; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Seventeenth Congress as a Jack son Democrat; was re-elected to the Eighteenth, Nineteenth, and Twentieth Congresses, serving from December 3, 1821, to March 3, 1829; was again elect ed to the Twenty-second Congress ; was re-elected to the Twenty-third Congress, serving from December 5, 1831, to March 3, 1835 ; was defeated for the Twen ty-fourth Congress by Andrew Buchanan, Whig ; was again elected to the Twenty-eighth Congress; was re-elected to the Twenty-ninth and Thirtieth Con gresses, serving from December 4, 1843. to March 3 STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 643 1849; died at Uniontown, Pennsylvania, July 16, 1872. Stewart, Archibald, was a delegate from New Jersey to the Continental Congress 1784-1785, to fill a vacancy. Stewart, Archibald, was born in Virginia; resided at Mount Airy; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, defeating Nathaniel H. Claiborne, serv ing from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1839 ; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Twenty- sixth Congress by W. L. Goggin, Whig. Stewart, David, was born in Maryland; re ceived a classical education; studied law; was ad mitted to the bar, and practised; was appointed a United-States senator from Maryland (in place of Reverdy Johnson, resigned), serving from December S, 1849, to January 14, 1850, when his successor took his seat; died at Baltimore, Maryland, October 5, 1858. Stewart, Jacob H., was born at Clermont, Columbia County, New York, January 15, 1829; re moved when very young with his parents to Peeks- kill, New York; received an academic education at the Peekskill Academy; studied medicine, and graduated at the University Medical College of New- York City March, 1851; practised his profession at Peekskill, and at St. Paul, Minnesota, to which he removed in April, 1855; was a member of the State Senate of Minnesota of 1858-1859 ; was surgeon-gen eral of Minnesota 1857 to 1863 ; was appointed sur geon of the First Minnesota Volunteer Infantry April 17, 1801 ; was taken prisoner at the first battle of Bull Run, paroled, and allowed to care for his wounded at Sudley-Church Hospital until they were able to be removed to llichmorid, when he was per mitted to return home without exchange " for volun tarily remaining on the battle-field in the discharge of his duty;" was mayor of St. Paul in 1864, 1868, 1872, 1873, and 1874; was surgeon of the Board of Enrolment 1864 and 1865; was postmaster of St. Paul 1865 to 1870; was president of the Minnesota State Medical Society 1875 and 1876; was elected a representative from Minnesota to the Forty-fifth Congress as a Republican, receiving 22,823 votes against 20,727 votes for W. W. McNair, Democrat, serving from October 15, 1877. Stewart, James, was born in North Carolina in 1770; was elected a representative from North Carolina in the Fifteenth Congress, serving from January 26, 1818, to March 3, 1819; died in North Carolina February 3, 1842. Stewart, James A., was born in Dorchester County, Maryland, November 24, 1808; received an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Cambridge, Maryland; was a member of the State House of Representatives; was a circuit-court judge; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Thir ty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 6,173 votes against 5,863 votes for Dennis, American; was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving 6,339 votes against 6,163 votes for Townsend, American; was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving 6,934 votes against 6,384 votes for Cox, Opposition, serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1861. Stewart, John, was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Sixth Congress (in place of Thomas Hartley, deceased); was re-elected to the Seventh and Eighth Congresses, serving from Febru ary 3, 1801, to March 3, 1805. Stewart, John, was born at Chatham, Connect icut, in 1795; received a public-school education; was reared on a farm, and was a practical farmer; was for several years a member of the State House of Representatives; was judge of the Middlesex- county Court; was elected a representative from Connecticut in the Twenty-eighth Congress, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1845; died at Chatham, Connecticut, September 16, 1860. Stewart, Thomas E., was born in New-York City September 22, 1824; received an academic edu cation; studied and practised law; was commissioner of common schools in 1854; was a Republican mem ber of the State Assembly of NCAV York in 1864 and 1805; was nominated by the Conservative Repub licans to the Fortieth Congress, and was elected a rep resentative from New York by them and the Demo crats, receiving 9,452 votes against 6,955 votes for Spencer, Radical Republican, and 711 votes for Ste venson, Independent Democrat, serving from March 4, 1807, to March 3, 1809. Stewart, William, was born at Mercer, Penn sylvania, September 10, 1811; received a classical ed ucation, graduating at Jefferson College ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar in 1835, and commenced practice at Mercer, Pennsylvania ; was for three years a member of the State Senate; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Republican, receiving 8,552 votes against 5,467 votes for Cunningham, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving 6,721 votes against 3,777 votes for John N. McGuffin, Democrat, serving from December 7, 1857, to March 3, 1801. Stewart, William M., was born in Wayne County, New York, August 9, 1827; was a student at Yale College; went to California, where he was en gaged in mining; studied and practised law, serving as State attorney and attorney-general ; removing to that portion of Utah now Nevada, he was elected to the Territorial legislature in 1801 ; was elected a member of the convention which framed the Consti tution of Nevada in 1803; was elected United-States senator from Nevada as a Republican on the adoption of the State Constitution, and was re-elected, serving from December 4, 1865, to March 3, 1875; resumed practice at San Francisco. Stiles, John D., was born in Luzcrne County, Pennsylvania, January 15, 1823; received an aca demic education; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1844; in 1853 he was elected district-attor ney for Lehigh County, and held the office for three years; was a delegate to the National Convention which nominated Mr. Buchanan for President in 1856, to the Chicago Convention in 1864, to the Philadelphia National Union Convention in 1866, and to the Democratic Convention in 1868 which nominated Seymour and Blair; was elected a repre sentative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-seventh Congress (for the unexpired term of his friend T. B. Cooper, deceased) as a Democrat, receiving 581 ma jority; was re-elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, receiving 11,316 votes against 8,092 votes for Krause, Unionist, serving from 1861 to March 3, 1865; was again elected to the Forty-first Congress as a Demo crat, receiving 15,247 votes against 12,568 votes for Breitenbach, Republican, serving from 1869 to March 3, 1871. Stiles, William H., was born at Savannah, Georgia; received an academical education; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice at Savannah ; was solicitor-general for the East ern District of Georgia 183:3-1836; was elected a rep resentative from Georgia in the Twenty-eighth Con gress as a Democrat, receiving 35,164 votes against 32,980 votes for A. H. Chappell, Whig, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1845; was appointed by President Polk charge to Austria, and served April 19, 1845-October 3, 1849; served in the Confed erate army with the rank of colonel ; died at Savan nah, Georgia, December 10, 1865. Stillwell, Thomas L., was born at Stillwell, Ohio, August 29, 1830; received a classical education at Oxford and College Hill; studied law; was ad mitted to the bar in 1852, and commenced practice at Anderson, Indiana; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1836 ; engaged in bank ing ; was an officer in the Union anny for one year ; was elected a representative from Indiana iu the CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Thirty-ninth Congress as a Republican, receiving 15. (123 votes against 13,383 votes for James F. Mc Dowell, Democrat, serving from December 4, 18(35, to March 3, 18(37; was appointed by President John- sou minister resident at Venezuela, serving August 30, 1867-June 30, 18(58; was killed by J. E. Corwiu. at Anderson, Indiana, January 14, 1874. St. John, Charles, was born in Orange County, New York, October 8, 1818; received a common-school education ; is a merchant, manufacturer, and lumber man; and was elected a representative from New York in the Forty-second Congress as a Republican, receiving 11,247 votes against 10,747 votes for Sher man, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress, receiving 11,842 votes against 14,269 votes for E. Flagg, Republican, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1875. St. John, Daniel B., was born at Sharon, Con necticut, October 8, 1808; received a public-school education; removed to New York; became a mer chant s clerk at Monticello, and followed mercantile pursuits until 1847; was elected a representative from New York in. the Thirtieth Congress as a Whig, serv ing from December 6, 1847, to March 3, 1849; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1849 ; was superintendent of the State Banking Department April 15, 1851-April 4, 1854; was again a member of the State House of Representatives in 1859 and 1860 ; engaged in agricultural pursuits near Newbury, New York. St. John, Henry, was born in New York; re moved to Ohio, and located at Tiffin ; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Twenty-eighth Con gress as a Democrat, receiving 4,307 votes against 43 votes for Robinson, Abolitionist; was re-elected to the Twenty-ninth Congress, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1847. St. Martin, Louis, was born in Louisiana; re sided at New Orleans ; was elected a representative from Louisiana in the Thirty-second Congress as a Democrat, receiving 3,199 votes against 2,763 votes for Hagan, Whig, serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1853 ; was again elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, and his credentials were presented Decem ber 19, 1865, but he was not admitted. Stockton, John P. (grandson of Richard Stock ton, and son of Richard Stockton), was born in Prince ton, New Jersey, August 2, 1826; was graduated at Princeton College in 1843; was licensed to practise law in 1846 ; was called to the bar in 1849 ; was ap pointed a commissioner to revise the laws of New Jersey; was subsequently reporter to the Court of Chancery, and published three volumes of equity re ports which bear his name; was appointed in 1858 minister resident at Rome, and was recalled at his own request in 1861; was elected United-States sena tor from New Jersey in 1865 for the term ending in 1871 ; after holding the position for more than a year, his election was declared by the Senate to have been informal, and he was unseated, and returned to New Jersey and the practice of his profession; was again elected senator as a Democrat (in the place of Fred erick T. Frelinghuysen, Republican), serving from March 4, 1869, to March 3, 1875 ; was elected by the Senate of New Jersey State attorney-general March 3J, 1877. Stockton, Richard (grandfather of John P. Stuckton, and fatherof Richard Stockton), was bornat Princeton, New Jersey, October 1, 1730; received a classical education, graduating at Princeton College in 1748; studied law with Richard Ogden; was ad mitted to the bar in 1754, and commenced practice at Princeton, New Jersey; visited England in 1766; was appointed an executive councillor of the prov ince of New Jersey in 1768; was appointed a judge of the Supreme Court of New Jersey in 1774 ; was a delegate from New Jersey to the Continental Con gress 177(3-1777; was sent on a mission to the North ern army, and fell into the hands of a party of royal ists, who subjected him to such ill usage that he [ never recovered, but died near Princeton, New Jer sey, February 28, 1781. Stockton, Richard (son of Richard Stockton, and father of John P. Stockton and Robert F. Stock ton), was born at Princeton, New Jersey, April 17, 1764; received a classical education, graduating at Nassau Hall in 1779 ; studied law with Elisha Boudi- not at Newark; was admitted to the bar in 1784, and commenced practice at Princeton, New Jersey; was a presidential elector on the Washington and Adams ticket in 1792; was elected a United-States senator from New Jersey (in place of Frederick Frelinghuy sen, resigned) as a Federalist, serving from December 6, 1796, to March 3, 1799; declined being a candidate for re-election; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Thirteenth Congress as a Federal ist, serving from May 24, 1813, to March 2, 1815 ; de clined being a candidate for re-election ; was appoint ed in 1825 one of the commissioners on the part of the State of New Jersey to negotiate the settlement of the territorial controversy with the State of New York, and the very able argument appended to the report of the New-Jersey commissioners was the production of his pen; died at Princeton March 7, 1828. Stockton, Robert Field (son of Richard Stockton), was born at Princeton, New Jersey, in 1795 ; studied at Princeton College ; entered the United-States navy as midshipman September 1, 1811, and rose to the rank of commodore, then the highest; was seriously injured by the explosion of a large gun onboard of "The Princeton" February 28, 1844; was sent to the Pacific coast in October, 1845; and in 1846 conquered California, establishing a civil government there; returning home, he re signed his commission ; was elected a United-States senator from New Jersey as a Democrat, serving from December 1, 1851, to January 10, 1853, when he resigned; was president of the Delaware and Raritan Canal Company; died at Princeton, New Jersey, October 7, 1806. His "Life and Speeches" was published at New York. Stoddard, Ebenezer, was born at West Wood stock, Connecticut, May 6, 1786; received a classical education, graduating at Brown University in 1806 ; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and com menced practice at Woodstock, Connecticut; was for several years a member of the State legislature ; was for one year lieutenant-governor ; was elected a rep resentative from Connecticut in the Seventeenth Con gress; was re-elected to the Eighteenth Congress, serving from December 3, 1821, to March 3, 1825; died at Woodstock, Connecticut, August 11, 1848. Stoddart, John T., was born in Charles Coun ty, Maryland, in 1790; received a classical education, graduating at Princeton College in 1810; was an offi cer of Maryland volunteers in the war of 1812; was a member of the State House of Representatives ; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Twen ty-third Congress as a Jackson Democrat, receiving 200 majority over Daniel Jenifer, Whig, serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1835; died in Charles County, Maryland, July 19, 1870. Stokely, Samuel, was born in Ohio; received an academical education ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Steubenville, Ohio; was a member of the State House of Repre sentatives; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Twenty-seventh Congress as a Whig, serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1843. Stokes, Montford, was born in North Caro lina in 1760; received an academic education; was for several years clerk of the Superior Court, and subsequently of the State Senate; was elected a United-States senator from North Carolina (in place of James Turner, resigned) as a Democrat, and was re-elected, serving from December 16, 1816, to March 3, 1823 ; was a member of the State Senate in 1826, and of the State House of Representatives in 1829 and 1830 ; was governor of North Carolina 1830-1831 ; STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 640 resigned to accept the position of commissioner to superintend the removal of the Indians west of the Mississippi River; and was subsequently appointed by President Jackson Indian agent for Arkansas Ter ritory, where he died in 1842. Stokes, William B., was born in Chatham County, North Carolina, September 9, 1814 ; received a public-school education; engaged in agricultural pursuits ; was a member of the State House of Rep resentatives in 1849 and 1859, and of the State Senate in 1852; was elected a representative from Tennessee in the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Whig, receiving 6,633 votes against 6,160 votes for Savage, Democrat, serving from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 1861; entered the Union army in the spring of 1862 as ma jor of Tennessee volunteers ; was promoted colonel, and served until honorably discharged in the spring of 1865; was subsequently brevetted major-general for gallant and meritorious services; was again elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress as a Union Republican, receiving 4,454 votes against 2,549 votes for Faulkner, Democrat, and 845 votes for Hood, Secessionist; was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, receiving 8,023 votes against 1,614 votes for Fleming, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress, receiving 6,415 votes against 2,035 votes for Garrett, Democrat, serving from July 24, 1866, to March 3, 1871 ; was defeated as the Republican candidate for the Forty-second Congress, receiving 4,116 votes against 9,675 votes for A. E. Garrett, Democrat. Stone, Alfred P., was engaged in mercantile pursuits at Columbus, Ohio; was elected a represen tative from Ohio in the Twenty-eighth Congress (to fill a vacancy caused by the death of Heman Allen Moore) as a Democrat, serving from December 2, 1844, to March 3, 1845; was appointed by Governor Chase in 1853 acting treasurer of the State of Ohio (to fill a vacancy caused by the suspension of Treas urer Gibson for frauds); was appointed by Secretary Chase, in 1862, collector of internal revenue for the Columbus District of Ohio ; was detected in contra band-cotton speculations, and was found to be a de faulter; and committed suicide by taking poison on the grave of his two children at Columbus, Ohio, August 1, 1865. Stone, David, was born at Hope, North Caro lina, February 17, 1770; received a classical educa tion, graduating at Princeton College in 1788 ; studied law under W. R. Davis, and was admitted to the bar in 1790; was elected to the State House of Represen tatives in 1791-1794, 1811, and 1812; was judge of the Supreme Court of North Carolina 1795-1798; was elected a representative from North Carolina in the Sixth Congress as a Democrat ; was a United-States senator, serving 1801-1806, when he resigned to ac cept a judgeship in the State Supreme Court; was governor of North Carolina 1808-1810; was re-elect ed United-States senator in 1813, but, differing with President Madison on war measures, he was censured by the legislature of North Carolina, and resigned; he died at Hope. North Carolina, October 7, 1818. Stone, Frederick (grandson of Thomas Stone), was born in Charles County, Maryland, February 7, 1820; was educated at St. John s College, Annapo lis ; studied and practised law ; was appointed by the legislature one of the commissioners to simplify and abridge the rules of pleading, practice, and convey ancing in the State courts in 1852; was a member of the State legislature in 18fi4 and 1865; was elected a representative from 3Iuryland in the Fortieth Con gress as a Democrat, receiving 8,708 votes against 2,632 votes for Albert, Republican ; and was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress as a Democrat, receiving 10,928 votes against 2,544 votes for Albert, Republi can, serving from March 4, 1867, to March 3, 1871. Stone, James W., was born in Kentucky in 181-5; resided at Taylorsville; was elected a represen tative from Kentucky in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 4,872 votes against 3,701 votes for Grigsby, Whig, and 2,338 votes for Pope, Independent, sen-ing from December 4. 1S43, to March 3, 1845 ; was again elected to the Thirty-sec ond Congress, receiving 5,843 votes against *5,4SO votes for Hill, Whig, serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1853; died at Taylorsville, Kentucky, October 13, 1854. Stone, John W., was born at Wadsworth, Ohio, July 18, 1838; received an academic education; re moved to Allegan County, Michigan, in 1856 ; com menced the study of law in 1859; was elected county- clerk of Allegan County in 1860; was admitted to the bar in January, 1862 ; was re-elected county-clerk in 1862 ; was elected prosecuting-attorney in 1864, and re-elected twice, holding the office six years; was elected president of Allegan Village in 1872; was elected circuit-judge of the Twentieth Judicial Cir cuit of Michigan in April, 1873, which office he held until November 1, 1874, when he resigned, and removed to Grand Rapids to enter upon the practice of law; has continued in the practice of the profes sion ever since ; was elected a representative from Michigan in the Forty-fifth Congress as a Repub lican, receiving 21,908 votes against 18,546 votes for Myron Harris, Democratic and Greenback candidate, and 50 votes for a Temperance candidate, serving from October 15, 1877. Stone, Joseph C., was born at Westport, New York, July 30, 1829; removed to the Territory cf Iowa in 1844; received a limited education at the public schools; studied medicine, graduating at the medical department of the St. Louis University, Missouri, in 1854; enlisted as a private soldier in the First Iowa Cavalry in June, 1861; was made adju tant of the regiment; was promoted captain and assistant adjutant-general of volunteers in 1862; was promoted and brevetted in 1864-1865, and served to the close of the war; has since practised his profes sion ; was elected a representative from Iowa in the Forty-fifth Congress as a Republican, receiving 17,188 votes against 14,814 votes for Wesley C. Hobbs, Demo crat, and several hundred votes for the Greenback candidate, serving from October 15, 1877. Stone, Michael Jenifer (brother of Thomas Stone), was born in Charles County, Maryland, about 1750 ; received an academical education ; was elected a representative from Maryland in the First Con gress, serving from June 8, 1789, to March 3, 1791 ; was for many years judge of the Charles-county Court; died on his estate in Charles County in 1812. Stone, Thomas (brother of Michael Jenifer Stone, and grandfather of Frederick Stone), was born at Pointon Manor, Charles County, Maryland, in 1743; received an academical education; studied law at Annapolis under Thomas Johnson; was admitted to the bar in 1764, and commenced practice at Fred erick Town, Maryland, removing in 1771 to Charles County; was several times a member of the State Senate ; was a delegate from Maryland to the Conti nental Congress 1775-1779 and 1784-1785; was ap pointed, a delegate to the convention which framed the Federal Constitution early in 1787, but domestic circumstances compelled him to decline ; died at Port Tobacco, Maryland, October 5, 1787. Stone, William, was born in Tennessee; resided at Delphi; was elected a representative from Ten nessee in the Twenty-fifth Congress (to fill the va cancy caused by the dwth of James Standifer) as a Whig, defeating four other Whigs and two Demo crats, serving from October 6, 1837, to March 3, 1839. Stone, William H., was born at Schanuqunk, New York, November 7, 1828; received a common- school education; removed to St. Louis August 31, 1848, and subsequently resided there as an iron- manufacturer; was president of the St. Louis Hot- Pressed Nut and Bolt Company; was a member of the Twenty-sixth General Assembly of Missouri from the Eleventh Ward of St. Louis County; was a member of the St. Louis Board of Water Commis sioners from June 5, 1871, to November 15, 1873, 646 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. when he resigned to take his seat in the House of Representatives, having been elected a representa tive from Missouri in the Forty-third. Congress as a Democrat, receiving 5,179 votes against 4,855) votes for J. M. Hilton, Republican, and 1,592 votes for J. J. McBride, Independent Democrat; was re- elected to the Forty-fourth Congress, receiving 7,175 votes against 5,506 votes for Robert F. Wingate, Republican, serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1877. Storer, Bellamy, was born at Portland, Maine, March 9, 1798; received a classical education, gradu ating at Bowdoiu College; studied law; was ad mitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Cin cinnati, Ohio, in 1817; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Twenty-fourth Congress as a Whig, receiving 156 majority over Lytle, Democrat, serving from December 7, 1835, to March 3, 1837 ; declined a renomination; was a presidential elector on the Clay ticKet in 1844; served three terms as judge of the Superior Court for the district of Cincinnati, re tiring in 1872; was a professor in the Cincinnati Law College; died at Cincinnati, Ohio, June 1, 1875. Storer, Clement, was born at Kennebunk, Maine, in 1700; received an academical education; studied medicine at Portsmouth, New Hampshire, under Dr. Ammi R. Cutter, and afterwards in Europe, and commenced practice at Portsmouth; held successively commissions, from that of captain to that of major-general, in the militia; was repeat edly chosen a member of the State legislature, serving one year as speaker; was elected a representative from New Hampshire in the Tenth Congress, serving from October 26, 1807, until March 3, 1809; was elected to the United-States Senate (to fill the vacancy occasioned by the resignation of Jeremiah Mason), and served from December 1, 1817, until March 3, 1819; was high sheriff of the county of Rockingham 1818-1824; and died at Portsmouth, New Hampshire, November 21, 1830. Storm, John B., was born in Monroe County, Pennsylvania, September 19, 1838; received a col legiate education, and graduated at Dickinson Col lege in July, 1861 ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1863; was appointed superintendent of public schools in 1802, and was twice re-elected to that office; and was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Forty-second Congress as a Democrat, receiving 12,554 votes against 5,209 votes for Davis, Republican, and 2,357 votes for Klinehans, Independent ; and was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress, receiving 16,808 votes against 10,569 votes for A. B. Howell, Republican, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1875. Storrs, Henry R., was horn at Middletown, Connecticut, in 17i>5; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1804; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Utica, New York; was elected a representative from New York in the Fifteenth Congress as a Fed eralist; was re-elected to the Sixteenth Congress, serving from December 6, 1819, until March 3, 1821 ; was again elected to the Eighteenth Congress, and was successively re-elected to the Nineteenth, Twen tieth, and Twenty-first Congresses, serving from December 1, 1823, until March 3, 1831 ; after leaving Congress, he removed to New York, where he became a prominent practitioner at the bar; while on a visit to Connecticut, he died suddenly of angina pectoris at New Haven July 29, 1837. Storrs, William Lucius, was born at Middle- town, Connecticut, March 25, 1795; received a clas sical education, graduating at Yale College in 1814 ; studied law at Whitestown, New York; was admitted to the bar in 1817, and commenced practice at Middletown, where he resided until 1840; was a member of the State Assembly in 1827, 1828, 1829, and 1834, serving as speaker in 1834; was elected a representative from Connecticut in the Twenty-first Congress, and was re-elected to the Twenty-second Congress, serving from December 7. 1829, until March 3, 1833; was again elected to the Twenty-sixth Con gress as a Whig by 134 majority, serving from De cember 2, 1839, until June, 1840, when he resigned to accept the appointment of associate judge of the Court of Errors; in 1846 he was appointed professor of law at Yale College, serving until 1847; in 1856 he was appointed chief justice of the Court of Errors, holding the position until his death at Hartford June 25, 1861. Story, Joseph, was born at Marblehead, Massa chusetts, September 18, 1779; graduated at Harvard College in 1798; studied law with Chief Justice Scwall of Marblehead ; was admitted to the bar in July, 1801, and commenced practice at Salem; was elected as a Democrat to the House of Represen tatives of Massachusetts in 1805, 1806-1807; was elected to the Tenth Congress (without opposition) as an anti-War Democrat (to fill the vacancy created by the death of Jacob Crowninshield), and served from December 20, 1808, until March 3, 1809, declin ing a renomination; was again elected to the House of Representatives of Massachusetts in 1811, and was chosen speaker; was appointed by President Madison associate justice of the Supreme Court, which he held until his death ; was appointed Dane professor in the Harvard Law School in 1828, when he re moved from Salem to Cambridge ; received the degree of doctor of laws from Harvard, Brown, and Dart mouth Colleges; died at Cambridge September 10, 1845. He published "Commentaries on the Consti tution of the United States," and other law works. His decisions fill many volumes, and he was a con tributor to several leading reviews. Stoughton, "William L., was born at New York March 20, 1827; received an academic educa tion; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1851 ; was prosecuting-attorney in 1855-1859 ; was appointed by President Lincoln United-States dis trict-attorney for the district of Michigan in March, 1861, and resigned the same year in order to enter the Union army; served during the war as a colonel and brigadier-general, and was promoted to the rank of major-general by brevet for gallant and meritori ous services; was elected attorney-general for the State of Michigan for 1867 and 1868; was elected a representative from Michigan in the Forty-first Con gress as a Republican, receiving 25,196 votes against 17,396 votes for Chamberlain, Democrat; was re- elected to the Forty-second Congress, receiving 17,502 votes against 13,923 votes for Henry Chamberlain, Democrat, serving from March 4, 1869, to March 3, 1873. Stout, Lansing, was born at Pamelia, New York, March 27, 1828; received a public-school edu cation ; taught school ; worked on a farm ; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1851, and com menced practice in California ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1856 ; removed to Oregon in 1857, and practised at Portland ; was elected judge of the Multnomah-county Court in 1858; was elected a representative from Oregon in the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 5,670 votes against 5,631 votes for Logan, Repub lican, serving from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 1861; was a member of the State House of Repre sentatives; died at Portland, Oregon, in 1870. Stover, John H., was born at Aaronsburg, Centre County, Pennsylvania, April 24, 1833; re ceived a public-school education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1857, and commenced practice at Aaronsburg; was elected district-attorney for Centre County in 1858 ; entered the Union army in 1861 as a private, and was at once chosen captain, and then major, of the One Hundred and Sixth Pennsylvania Volunteers ; was commissioned colonel of the One Hundred and Eighty-fourth Pennsylvania Volunteers, participating in all the battles of the Army of the Potomac, and witnessing the surrender STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 647 at Appomattox Court House ; removed after the war to Missouri, locating at Versailles; was elected a representative from Missouri in the Fortieth Con gress (in place of Joseph W. McClurg, resigned) as a Republican, serving from December 7, 1808, to March 3, 1800. Stow, Silas, was born in Lewis County, New York; resided atLowville; was elected a representa tive from New York in the Twelfth Congress as a Democrat, serving from November 4, 1811, to March 3, 1813. Stowell, "William H. H., was born at Windsor, Vermont, July 20, 1840; was educated at the gram mar and high schools of Boston, Massachusetts; engaged in mercantile business ; settled in Virginia in May, 18G5, and was appointed collector of internal revenue for the Fourth District in May, 1809; and was elected a representative from Virginia in the Forty-second Congress as a Republican, receiving 13,205 votes against 9,989 votes for W. L. Owen, Conservative ; was re-elected to the Forty-third Con gress, receiving 15,393 votes against 8,008 votes for P. W. McKenney, Democrat, and 13 votes for C. H. Porter, Independent; was re-elected to the Forty- fourth Congress, receiving 14,583 votes against 8,201 votes for W. H. Mann, Democrat, and 38 votes for Charles H. Porter, Independent, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1877. Stower, John G., was born at Madison, New York; received a good English education; was elected a representative from New York in the Twentieth Congress as a Jackson Democrat, serv ing from December 3, 1827, to March 3, 1829 ; was a member of the State Senate 1833-1834; died at Hamilton, New York. Strader, Peter "W., was born in Warren County, New Jersey, November G, 1818; his parents immigrated to South-western Obio in the spring of 1819; received a common-school education up to twelve years of age; passed three years in a print ing-office ; was clerk, engineer, and captain on the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers from November, 1835, to June, 1848, then general ticket-agent of Little Miami Railroad to February, 1807 ; and was elected a representative from Ohio in the Forty-first Con gress as a Democrat, receiving 10,483 votes against 10,272 votes for Eggleston, Republican, serving from March 4, 1809, to March 3, 1871. Strait, Horace B., w r as born in Potter County, Pennsylvania, January 20, 1835; received a common- school education ; removed to Indiana in 1854, and from there to Minnesota in 1855; entered the Union army in 18G2 as captain in the Ninth Minnesota Infantry; was promoted to major of said regiment in 1804, and was serving at the close of the war as inspector-general on the staff of General McArthur ; was elected mayor of Shakopee in 1870, and re- elected in 1871 and 1872; was one of the trustees of the Minnesota Hospital for the Insane since 1800; after the close of the war, engaged in mercantile, manufacturing, and banking business, and was presi dent of the First National Bank of Shakopee ; was elected a representative from Minnesota in the Forty- third Congress as a Republican, receiving 15,217 votes against 10,835 votes for C. Graham, Democrat ; was re- elected to the Forty-fourth Congress, receiving 13,742 votes against 13,521 votes for E. St. Julien Cox, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 19,730 votes against 14,990 votes for E. T. Wilder, Democrat, serving from December 1, 1873. Stranahan, J. S. T., was born on Long Island, New York ; received a public-school education ; was elected a representative from New York in the Thir ty-fourth Congress as a Whig, receiving 7,927 votes against 7,023 votes for Taylor, Democrat, and 20 votes for Jackson, Democrat, serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1857. Strange, Robert, was born in Virginia Septem ber 20, 1796 ; received a classical education, which was completed at Hampden-Sidney College; stxulied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice at Fayetteville, North Carolina; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1821, 1822, 1823, and 1820; was a judge of the Superior Court of North Carolina 1826-1830; was elected a United- States senator from North Carolina as a Democrat (to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Wil lie P. Mangum, who had declined to obey instruc tions given him by the State legislature), and served from December 15, 1830, until 1840, when he in turn declined to obey the instructions of the North-Caro lina legislature (the political complexion of which had become changed), and resigned, Mr. Mangum being at once elected as his successor; was solicitor for the Fifth Judicial District of North Carolina ; and died at Fayetteville, North Carolina, February 10, 1854. He published, for private circulation, a novel entitled "Eoneguski, or The Cherokee Chief," which preserved many of the traditions of the section in which he resided. Stratton, Charles C., was born in New Jersey in 1790; was a member of the State House of Repre sentatives; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Whig, serv ing from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1839; was elected to the Twenty-sixth Congress as a Whig, and received his credentials bearing the "broad seal" of New Jersey, but was not admitted ; was again elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress, serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1843; retired to his farm in Gloucester County, and devoted himself to agricul tural pursuits; died at Swedenborough, New Jersey, March 30, 1859. Stratton, John, was born in Virginia; was a member of the. State House of Representatives; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Seventh Congress, serving from December 7, 1801, to March 3, 1803. Stra,tton, John L. N., was born at Mount Holly, New Jersey, in 1817; received a classical edu cation, graduating at Princeton College in 1830; studied law ; was admitted to the bar in 1839, and commenced practice at Mount Holly ; w r as elected a representative from New Jersey in the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Republican, receiving 11,471 votes against 8,707 votes for Wall, Democrat ; and was re- elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress, receiving 13,582 votes against 12,154 votes for Green, Demo crat, serving from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 1803; was a delegate to the National Loyalists Con vention at Philadelphia in 1808. Stratton, Nathan T., was born in New Jersey; resided at Mullica Hill ; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Thirty-second Congress as a Democrat, receiving 0,475 votes against 5,824 votes for Whitney, Whig; was re-elected to the Thirty- third Congress, receiving 7,185 votes against 6,SiG votes for Boyle, Whig, serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1855. Straub, Christian M., was born in Pennsyl vania; resided at Pottsville; was elected a represen tative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-third Con gress as a Democrat, serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855. Strawbridge, James D., was born in Montoiu County, Pennsylvania, in 1824; received an academic education at Danville, Pennsylvania ; entered Prince ton College in 1841, and graduated in 1844; gradu ated in medicine at the University of Pennsylvania in 1847; practised medicine at Danville until the commencement of the war; entered the army as a brigade-surgeon of volunteers, and served through out the war; was captured, while medical director of the Eighteenth Army Corps, in front of Richmond, and remained three months in Libby Prison; re sumed the practice of medicine after the close of the war, and continued in practice until he was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Forty-third Congress as a Republican, receiving 13,079 votes 648 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. against 12,243 votes for B. K. Ehodes, Democrat, serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1875. Street, Randall S., was born at Catskill, New York, in 1780; received an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and com menced practice at Poughkeepsie ; was appointed State attorney for his judicial district in 1810, and re-appointed in 1813; served in the war of 1812 as major and lieutenant-colonel of militia; was elected a representative from New York in the Sixteenth Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 6, 1810, to March 3, 1821; removed in 1823 to Monti- cello, New York, where he practised until he died there November 21, 1841. Strickland, Randolph, was born at Danville, Steuben County, New York, February 4, 1823; re ceived a common-school education ; engaged in teach ing; removed to Michigan in 1844; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1849, and immediately com menced practice; was elected prosecuting-attorney in Clinton County in 1852, 1854, 1856, 1858, and 1862; was a member of the State Senate in 1861 and 1862 ; was provost-marshal from April 24, 1803, until Oc tober 15, 1865; was a member of tlie State Central .Republican Committee in 1867 and 1868; was a dele gate to the National Conventions in 1856 and 1868; and was elected a representative from Michigan in the Forty-first Congress as a Republican, receiving 20,115 votes against 16,720 for Newton, Democrat, serving from March 4, 1869, to March 3, 1871. Strohm, John, was born at Fulton Township, Pennsylvania, October 16, 1793; received a public- school education; taught school for six years; lo cated at New Providence, Pennsylvania; was a mem ber of the State House of Representatives 1831-1833, and of the State Senate 1834-1811 ; was elected a rep resentative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-ninth Congress as a Whig; and was re-elected to the Thir tieth Congress, serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1849. Strong, Caleb, was born at Northampton, Mas sachusetts, January 9, 1745; received a classical edu cation, graduating at Harvard College in 1764; studied law, and was admitted to the bar, but did not commence practice until 1792 ; was one of the Com mittee of Correspondence and Safety in 1774-1775; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1776-1778; was a member of the Constitutional Con vention in 1779; was a State councillor or a State senator 1780-1786; was a member of the National Convention which framed the Constitution of the United States in 1787 ; was a member of the Massa chusetts State Convention which ratified the Consti tution of the United States 1787-1788; was elected to the United-States Senate as a Federalist, and re- elected, serving from March 4, 1789, until 1796, when he resigned; was governor of Massachusetts 1800- 1807, and again 1812-1816; was a presidential elector in 1809; and died at Northampton, Massachusetts, November 7, 1819. Strong, James, was born atWindham, Connect icut, in 1783; received a classical education, gradu ating at the University of Vermont in 1806; removed to New York, and located at Hudson ; was elected a representative from New York in the Sixteenth Con gress as a Federalist, serving from December 6, 1819, to March 3, 1821 ; was again elected to the Eighteenth Congress ; was re-elected to the Nineteenth, Twen tieth, and Twenty-first Congresses, serving from De cember 1, 1823, to March 3, 1831; died at Chester, New Jersey, August 8, 1847. Strong, Jedediah, was born in Connecticut; was a delegate from Connecticut to the Continental Congress 1782-1784. Strong, Julius L., was born at Bolton, Con necticut, Novembers, 1828; entered Union College, but left in his senior year, and entered the National Law School at Ballston Spa; studied law with Mar tin Welles; was admitted to the bar in 1853, and practised at Hartford ; was a member of the legisla ture of Connecticut in 1852 and 1853; and was elected a representative from Connecticut in the Forty-first Congress as a Republican, receiving 11,620 votes against 10,885 votes for Dixon, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress, receiving 11,977 votes against 11,691 votes for Dr. A. B. Good rich, serving from April 9, 1869, to September 7, 1872, when he died at Hartford, Connecticut, after a brief illness. Strong, Selah B., was born at Brookhaven, Long Island, May 1, 1792; received a classical educa tion, graduating at Yale College in 1811 ; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1814, and practised at Brookhaven; was State s attorney for Suffolk Coun ty; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 5,463 votes against 3,354 votes for King, Whig, and 14 votes for Williamson, Abolitionist, serving from De cember 4, 1843, to March 3, 1845 ; was judge of the Supreme Court for the Second Judicial District June 7, 1847-June 7, 1849. Strong, Solomon, was born in Massachusetts in 1779; was a member of the State House of Repre sentatives 1812-1813; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Fourteenth Congress as a Federalist; was re-elected to the Fifteenth Congress, serving from December 4, 1815, to March 3, 1819; was judge of the Court of Common Pleas 1818-1842; was again a member of the State House of Represen tatives 1843 and 1844; died September 16, 1850. Strong, Stephen, was born in Connecticut; removed to New York, and located at Owego ; was elected a representative from New York in the Twen ty-ninth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 9,608 votes against 8,813 votes for Sweet, Whig, and 439 votes for Avery, American, serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1847. Strong, Theron R., was born in Connecticut; removed to New York, and located at Palmyra ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1842; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-sixth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 5,824 votes against 5,670 votes for John M. Holley, Whig, serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1841. Strong, William, was born in Windham Coun ty, Connecticut; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Vermont; was for eight years a member of the State House of Rep resentatives ; was elected a representative from Vermont in the Twelfth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 441 majority; and was re-elected to the Thirteenth Congress, serving from November 4, 1811, to March 2, 1815 ; was again elected to the Sixteenth Congress on a general ticket, receiving 13,174 votes against 6,582 votes for John Peck, serving from De cember 6, 1819, to March 3, 1821; was for eight years sheriff, and subsequently judge of the County Court. Strong, William, was born at Somers, Con necticut, May 6, 1808; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1828; studied law, sup porting himself by teaching school in Connecticut and in New York; was admitted to the bar at Phila delphia in 1832, and practised at Reading; was elect ed a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thir tieth Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-first Congress, receiving 8,452 votes against 4,014 votes for Adams, Whig, serving from December 6, 1847, to March 3, 1851 ; was elected in 1857 a judge of the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania for fifteen years; resigned in 1868, and resumed practice; was appointed by President Grant, in 1870, a justice of the Supreme Court of the United-States. Strother, George P., was born in Culpepper County, Virginia; received an academical education; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Culpepper Court House; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Fifteenth Con gress as a Democrat, tfefeating John Shackleford; was re-elected to the Sixteenth Congress, defeating STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 649 John Shackleford, serving from December 1, 1817, to February 10, 1820, when he resigned, having been appointed by President Monroe receiver of public moneys at St. Louis, Missouri. Strother, James French, was born in Cul- peppcr County, Virginia, September 4, 1811 ; received an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Culpepper Court House; was for ten years a member of the State House of Representatives, serving as speaker in 1847-1848; was a delegate to the State Constitu tional Convention of 1850; was elected a representa tive from Virginia in the Thirty-second Congress as a Whig, receiving 2,3 j7 votes against 1,868 votes for Morton, Democrat, serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1853; died in Culpepper County, Vir ginia, September 21, 1860. Strouse, Myer, was born in Germany, Decem ber 10, 1825 ; immigrated to the United States with his father in 1832, and settled at Pottsville ; received an academical education; studied law, and was ad mitted to the bar; edited "The North- American Farmer" at Philadelphia 1848-1852; commenced prac tice at Pottsville in 1853; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 9,239 votes against 8,518 votes for Campbell, Republican; was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiving 11,154 votes against 10,071) votes for Fisher, Republican, serving from De cember 7, 1863, to March 3, 1867 ; died at^Pottsville, Pennsylvania, February 11, 1878. Strudwick, William, was born in North Car olina; was elected a representative from North Caro lina in the Fourth Congress (in place of Absalom Tatom, resigned), serving from December 13, 1796, to March 3, 1797. Stuart, Alexander H. H., was born at Staun- tou, Virginia, April 2, 1867; received a classical edu cation, graduating at William and Mary College; studied law ; was admitted to the bar in 1828, and commenced practice at Staunton ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1836-1838; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Twen ty-seventh Congress as a Whig, serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1843; was a presidential elector on the Clay ticket in 1844, and on the Taylor ticket in 1848 ; was appointed by President Fillmore secretary of the interior, serving from September 12, 1850, to March 3, 1853 ; was a delegate to the National Con vention which nominated Mr. Fillmore President in 1856 ; was a member of the State Senate 1857-1861 ; wa a delegate to the National Union Convention at Philadelphia in 1866; claimed a seat in the Thirty- ninth Congress as a representative from Virginia, but was not admitted. Stuart, Andrew, was born in Pennsylvania; removed to Ohio, and located at Steubenville; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 7,423 votes against 6,885 votes for Brewer, Whig, and 1,220 votes for Lee, Free-Soiler, serving from Decembers, 1853, to March 3, 1855. Stuart, Archibald, was born in Virginia; re sided at Mount Airy; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Whig, defeating N. H. Clairborne, Van Buren Dem ocrat. Stuart, Charles E., was born in Columbia County, New York, November 25, 1810; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Kalamazoo, Michigan ; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1841-1846; was elected a representative from Michigan in the Thirtieth Con gress as a Democrat, serving from December 6, 1847, to March 3, 1849; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Thirty-first Congress by the com bined Whig and Free-soil vote; was again elected to the Thirty-second Congress, receiving 11,923 votes against 11,508 votes for Williams, Whig and Free- Soiler, serving from December 1. 1851, to March 3, 1853; was elected a United-States senator from Michigan, serving from March 4, 1853, to March 3, 1859. Stuart, David, was born in New York; re moved to Michigan, and located at Detroit; was elected a representative from Michigan in the Thirty- third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 10,125 votes against 9,370 votes for Howard, Whig, and 605 votes for Dexter, Free-Soiler, serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855. Stuart, John T., was born in Fayette County, Kentucky, November 10, 1807; received a classical education, graduating at Centre College, Kentucky, in 1826 ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Springfield, Illinois; served as a private in the Black Hawk war of 1832; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1832 and 1834; was elected a representative from Illinois in the Twenty-sixth Congress as a Whig, receiving 18,405 votes against 18,337 votes for Stephen A. Douglas, Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress, serving from Decem ber 2, 1839, to March 3. 1843 ; was a member of the State Senate 1848-1852; was again elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 12,808 votes against 11,443 votes for Swett, Repub lican, serving from December 7, 1863, to March 3, 1865. Stuart, Philip, was born in Maryland ; received a good English education; served in the Revolution ary anny, distinguishing himself at the battle of Eutaw ; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Twelfth Congress as a Federalist; was re- elected to the Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fif teenth Congresses, serving from November 4, 1811, to March 3, 1819 ; was an officer of Maryland volun teers during the British invasion; remained in Washington City after the expiration of his term of congressional service, and died there August 14, 1830. Sturgeon, Daniel, was born in Pennsylvania October 27, 1789; resided atUniontown; was elected a United-States senator from Pennsylvania as a Democrat, and re-elected, serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1851 ; was appointed by President Pierce United-States treasurer at Philadelphia ; died July 3, 1878. Sturgis, Jonathan, was born at Fairfield, Con necticut, August 23, 1740; received a classical edu cation, graduating at Yale College in 1759; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Fairfield ; was actively engaged in pre-Revolutionary movements; was elected a representative from Con necticut in the First Congress; was re-elected to the Second Congress, serving from March 4, 1789, to March 2, 1793; was a judge of the State Supreme Court 1793-1805; was a presidential elector in 1797 and 1805; died at Fairfield, Connecticut, October 4, 1819. Sturgis, Lewis Burr, was born at Fairfield, Connecticut, in 1762 ; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1782; was elected a representative from Connecticut in the Ninth Con gress as a Federalist; was re-elected to the Tenth, Eleventh, Twelfth, Thirteenth, and Fourteenth Con gresses, serving from December 2, 1805, to March 3, 1817 ; he removed to Ohio, and located at Norwalk, where he died March 30, 1844. Sullivan, George (son of John Sullivan), was born at Durham, New Hampshire, August 29, 1771 ; received a classical education, graduating at Har vard College in 1790; studied law under Judge Steele at Durham ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Exeter in 1793; was a member of the Slate House of Representatives in 1805 ; was attorney- general of New Hampshire 1805-1806; was elected a representative from New Hampshire in the Twelfth Congress, serving from November 4, 1811, until March 3, 1813 ; was again a member of the State House of Representatives in 1813, and a member of the State 650 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Senate in 1814 and 1815; was again attorney-general 1810-1835; and died June 14, 1838. Sullivan, James (brother of John Sullivan), was born at Berwick, Massachusetts (now Maine), April 22, 1744; received an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and com menced practice at Biddeford; was king s attorney for the county of York ; took an active part in pre- Revolutiouary movements; was a member of the Provincial Congress of Massachusetts in 1775 ; was judge of the Superior Court in 1776 ; was a delegate from Massachusetts to the Continental Congress in 1782; was judge of probate for Suffolk County; was State attorney-general 1790-1807 ; was governor of Massachusetts 1807-1808; died at Boston, Decem ber 10, 1808. He published " Observations on the Government of the United States," "The Path to Riches, or Dissertation on Banks," " History of Maine," "Impartial Review of the Causes, &c., of the French Revolution," "Correspondence with Colonel Pickering," " History of Land-Titles in Massachusetts," " Dissertation on the Constitu tional Liberty of the Press," and " A History of the Penobscot Indians." His " Life," with selections from his writings, was published by his grandson, Thomas C. Amory. Sullivan, John (brother of James Sullivan, and father of George Sullivan), was born at Dover, New Hampshire, February 17, 1741 ; was educated by his father. John O Sullivan, who was a school-teacher; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Durham; was commissioned as major of volunteers in 1772, and was at the capture of Fort William and Mary in 1774 by the revolutionists; was elected a delegate to the Continental Congress in 1774, and was re-elected in 1775; was appointed by Congress a brigadier-general June 22, 1775, and a major-general July 29, 1770, serving with distinction until he resigned in 1779 ; was again eleated a dele gate to the Continental Congress in 1783, and was re-elected in 1781; was attorney-general of New Hampshire 1782-1786, and president of that State in 1786-1787; was president of the State Convention that ratified the Constitution of the United States, and also speaker of the State House of Representa tives in 1788; was a presidential elector, voting for Washington and Adams in 1789, and in March of that year was again elected president of the State of New Hampshire; was appointed by President Wash ington judge of the United-States District Court for New Hampshire, and occupied that position until his death at Durham, New Hampshire, January 23, 1795. Summers, George W., was born in Fairfax County, Virginia; was taken early in life to Kana- wha County, in the western part of that State; re ceived a good education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1827, and commenced practice at Kana- wha Court House ; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1830-1840; was elected a repre sentative from Virginia in the Twenty-seventh Con gress as a Whig ; was re-elected to the Twenty- eighth Congress, receiving 3,271 votes against 2,942 votes for Hays, Democrat, serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1845 ; was a delegate to the State Con stitutional Convention of 1850; was defeated in 1851 as the Whig candidate for governor of Virginia; was judge of the Eighteenth Judicial Circuit of Penn sylvania May, 1852-July, 1858; was a delegate from Virginia to the Peace Congress at Washington in 1861; paid much attention to agricultural pursuits. Sumner, Charles, was born at Boston, Massa chusetts, January 6, 1811 ; received a classical edu cation, graduating at Harvard College in 1830; studied law, graduating at the Cambridge Law School in 1834; was admitted to the bar, and com menced practice in Boston; was appointed reporter of the United-States Circuit Court ; lectured at the Cambridge Law School 1835-1837; travelled in Eu rope 1837-1840 ; was elected a United-States senator from Massachusetts, after a prolonged contest, by a coalition of Democrats and Free-Soilers (to succeed Daniel Webster, Whig) ; was re-elected in 1857, again re-elected in 1863, and again re-elected in I860, serv ing from December 1, 1851, until his death at Wash ington City of angina pectoris March 11, 1874, with the exception of a prolonged absence from his seat while suffering from an assault made on him at his desk in the Senate Chamber May 22, 1856, by Preston S. Brooks, a representative from South Carolina; he revisited Europe in 1857, and again in 1872. He pub lished an edition of Dunlap " On Admiralty." three volumes of " Circuit-Court Reports," an edition of Reese s " Chancery Reports," and a large number of speeches and orations. Collections of his speeches were published in 1850 and in 1856; and his complete works, revised by himself, were in press when he died. Memoirs of him were published by Edward L. Pierce, Elias Nason, C. Edwards Lester, and others. Sumter, Thomas, was born in Virginia in 1734; removed early in life to South Carolina; engaged in the war against the Cherokees, and at its close ac companied Oconostotah, or "the Emperor," to England, returning in 1763; was colonel of one of the first Continental regiments raised in South Caro lina, and distinguished himself by his persistent attacks on the British and Tories until the close of the war; was promoted to the rank of brigadier- general in 1780, and was voted the thanks of Con gress in January, 1781 ; was a member of the State Convention of South Carolina which met to ratify the Constitution of the United States, and voted against it on the ground that the States were not sufficiently shielded by it from Federal usurpation ; was elected a representative from South Carolina to the First and Second Congresses, serving from May 25, 1789, until March 2, 1793 ; was again elected to the Fifth and Sixth Congresses, serving from May 15, 1797, to March 3, 1801; was elected a United-States senator from South Carolina as a Democrat (in place of Charles Pinckney, resigned), serving from December 19, 1801, to March 3, 1809; took his seat again November 27, 1809, and resigned in 1810; died at South Mount, near Strasburg, South Carolina, June 1, 1832. Sumter, Thomas D., was born in Pennsyl vania; removed to South Carolina ; resided at Slatesburg; was elected a representative from South Carolina in the Twenty-sixth Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress, serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1843. Sutherland, Jabez GK, was born in Onondaga County, New York, October 6, 1825; received an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1848, and practised; was prosecuting- attorney of Saginaw County in 1848-1849; was a del egate to the State Constitutional Conventions of 1850 and 1867 ; was a member of the House of Represen tatives of the State legislature in 1853 ; was elected circuit-judge in 1863, and re-elected in 1869; and was elected a representative from Michigan in the Forty-second Congress as a Democrat, receiving 16,618 votes against 14,879 votes for John F. Driggs, Re publican, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1873. Sutherland, Joel B., was born at Philadelphia; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twentieth Congress as a Jackson Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty-first Congress, receiv ing 1,108 majority; was re-elected to the Twenty- second Congress ; was re-elected to the Twenty-third Congress, receiving 2,366 votes against 1,916 votes for James Gowen, Clay Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty-fourth Congress, receiving 1,437 majority over James Gowen, Whig, serving from December 3, 1827, to March 3, 1837 ; was defeated as the Whig candidate for the Twenty-fifth Congress, receiving 1,764 votes against 2,260 votes for Paynter, Demo crat; died at Philadelphia November 15, 1861. STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 651 Sutherland, Josiah, was born in New York; resided at Hudson; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-second Congress as a Demo crat, receiving 0,072 votes against 5,940 votes for Cowles, Whig, serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1853. Swan, John, was born in North Carolina, and was a delegate from that State to the Continental Congress 1787-1788. Swan, Samuel, was born in Somerset County, New Jersey, in 1771: was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Seventeenth Congress ; was re-elected to the Eighteenth, Nineteenth, Twentieth, and Twenty-first Congresses, serving from December 3, 1821, to March 3, 1831 ; died at "Brunswick, New Jersey, August 24, 1844. Swann, Thoma,s, was born at Alexandria, Vir ginia ; educated at Columbian College, and the Uni versity of Virginia; studied law with his father at Washington, arid was appointed secretary of the Neapolitan Commission ; in 1834 he settled in Balti more, and two years afterward was chosen a director of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Company; in 1847 he was chosen its president, resigning in 1853 ; was also president of the North-western Virginia Railroad Company; after a sojourn in Europe, he was in 1850 elected mayor of Baltimore, and re- elected in 1858; in 18G4 he was elected governor of Maryland ; in 1800 he was elected United-States sena tor, but declined to leave the executive chair; he was elected a representative from Maryland in the Forty- first Congress as a Democrat, receiving 13,056 votes against 5,007 votes for King, Republican; was re- elected to the Forty-second Congress, receiving 15,137 votes against 10,414 votes for W. Booth, Republican ; was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress, receiving 12,148 votes against 10,880 votes for E. Griswold, Re publican; was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Con gress as a Democrat, receiving 10,244 votes against 6,810 votes for John R. Cox, Republican; and was elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 15,259 votes against 12,728 votes for J. H. Butler, Repub lican, serving from March 4, 1809. Swanwick, John, was elected a representa tive from Pennsylvania in the Fourth Congress ; was re-elected to the Fifth Congress, serving from De cember 7, 1795, to 1798, when he died. Swart, Peter, was born at Schoharie, New York ; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1798-1799; was elected a representative from New York in the Tenth Congress, defeating Thomas Sam- moris, serving from October 20, 1807, to March 3, 1809; was a member of the State Senate 1817-1820. Swearingen, Henry, was born in Pennsylva nia; removed to Ohio, and located at Smithfield; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Twen- ty-fit lh Congress (in place of Daniel Kilgore, who had resigned, and appealed to his constituents) as a Democrat, defeating D. Kilgore, Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-sixth Congress, receiving no opposition, serving from December 3, 1838, to March 3, 1841. Swearingen, Thomas V., was born in Jeffer son County, Virginia; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Sixteenth Congress, defeating Edward Colston; and was re-elected to the Seven teenth Congress, defeating R. Bailey by 1,147 votes, serving from December 6, 1819, to June 7, 1822, when he died at Shepherdstown, Virginia. Sweat, Lorenzo D. M., was bom at Parson- ville, Maine, May 26, 1818 ; received a classical edu cation, graduating at Bowdoin College in 1837; studied law at the Harvard Law School; was ad mitted to the bar in 1840, and practised for two years at New Orleans, Louisiana; returning to Portland, he was city solicitor in 1850 and 1800; was a mem ber of the State Senate in 1862 ; was elected a repre sentative from Maine in the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 10,332 votes against 10,205 votes for John N. Goodwin, Republican, serving from December 7, 1863, to March 3, 1865 ; was de feated as the Democratic candidate for the Thirty- ninth Congress, receiving 12,578 votes against 15,096 votes for John Lynch, Union Republican; was again defeated for the Fortieth Congress, receiving 11,666 votes against 15,611 votes for John Lynch; was a delegate from Maine to the National Union Conven tion at Philadelphia in 1808. Sweeney, W. N., was born in Kentucky May 5, 1832; received an academical education; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Forty-first Congress, serving from March 4, 1809, to March 3, 1871. Sweeny, George, was born in Pennsylvania; removed to Ohio, and located at Bucyrus ; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Twenty-sixth Con gress as a Democrat ; was re-elected to the Twenty- seventh Congress, serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1843. Sweetser, Charles, was bom in Vermont ; re moved to Ohio, and located at Delaware ; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirty-first Con gress as a Democrat, receiving 8,454 votes against 8,438 votes for Duncan, Whig; was re-elected to the Thirty-second Congress, receiving 8,579 votes against 8,442 votes for Galloway, Whig, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1853. Swift, Benjamin, was born at Amenia, New York, April 5, 1781; received an academical educa tion; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1800, and commenced practice at Bennington, removing subsequently to Manchester, and then to St. Alban s; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1813, 1814, 1825, and 1820; was elected a represen tative from Vermont in the Twentieth Congress as a Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-first Congress, serving from December 3, 1827, to March 3, 1831 ; was elected a United-States senator from Vermont, serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1839; retired to his farm, and, while apparently enjoying good health, fell in a field, and died November 11, 1847. Swift, Zephaniah, was born at Wareham, Mas sachusetts, in 1759; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1778; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Windham, Connecticut ; was elected a representative from Connecticut in the Third Congress, and re- elected to the Fourth Congress, serving from Decem ber 2, 1793, to March 3, 1797; was secretary to the French mission in 1800; was appointed in 1801 a judge of the Supreme Court, and its chief justice 1800-1819; he was a member of the Hartford Con vention of New-England Federalists ; was a member of the State House of Representatives ; was one of a commission to revise the laws of Connecticut; and died at Warren, Ohio, September 27, 1823. He pub lished "A Digest of the Laws of Connecticut" (in two volumes), an "Oration on Domestic Slavery," a "System of the LaAvs of Connecticut," and a " Treatise on Bills of Exchange." Switzler, William Franklin, was born in Fayette County, Kentucky, March 10, 1819; removed with his father to Missouri in 1820; received an aca demical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1841, and commenced practice at Columbia; established "The Columbia Patriot" in 1841, and "The Missouri Statesman" in 1843; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1840, 1848, and 1856; was a delegate to the Democratic National Convention at Baltimore in 1860; was appointed in 1802 military secretary of state for Arkansas under the military governor, John S. Phelps; was appoint ed by President Lincoln in 1803 provost-marshal in Missouri ; was a delegate to the Missouri Constitu tional Convention of 1865; claimed to have been elected to the Fortieth Congress, and the committee on elections recognized his claim, but the House re fused to receive him, and gave the seat to George W. Anderson: 652 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Swoope, Jacob, was born in Virginia; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Elev enth Congress as a Federalist, defeating Smith, Dem ocrat, serving from May 22, 1809, to March 3, 1811. Swope, Samuel F M was born in Kentucky; resided at Falmouth; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Thirty-fourth Congress as an American, receiving 7,490 votes against 0,991 votes for Harris, Democrat, serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1857. Sykes, George, was born in New Jersey; re sided at Mount Holly; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty-ninth Congress, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1847. Sykes, James, was born near Dover, Delaware ; was prominent in pre-Revolutionary measures ; was a delegate to the Continental Congress in 1777-1778. Sylvester, Peter, was born at Kinderhook, New York; received an academic education; was elected a representative from New York in the First Congress ; and was re-elected to the Second Congress, serving from April 22, 1789, to March 2, 1793. Sylvester, Peter H., was born at Kinderhook, New York, February 17, 1807; received a classical education, graduating at Union College in 1827; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1830, and commenced practice at Coxsackie, New York; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirtieth Congress as a Whig; was re-elected to the Thirty-first Congress, receiving 6,621 votes against 3,893 votes for Olney, Democrat, and 3,453 votes for Beekman, Van Buren Democrat, serving from De cember 6, 1847, to March 3, 1851. Symmes, John Cleves, was born on Long Island July 21, 1742; was chairman of the Commit tee of Safety of Sussex County in 1774 ; was a dele gate to the State Provincial Congress, and one of the committee of ten which framed the first State Consti tution; was a member of the Legislative Council; served in the Revolutionary army, and distinguished himself in covering the retreat of Washington at Springfield, and at the battle of Monmouth; was chief justice of the State Supreme Court 1777-1787; was a delegate from New Jersey to the Continental Congress 1785-1786 ; removed to the North-west Ter ritory, settling at North Bend, below Cincinnati, where he and his associates had bought a large tract of land known as the "Miami Purchase;" this en terprise involved him in pecuniary difficulties, from which he never recovered, though they left no stain upon his character; in 1788 he was appointed by Congress one of the three judges of the North-west Territory, and held the place till Ohio became a State; one of his daughters was the wife of Presi dent Harrison; he died at Cincinnati February 26, 1814, and was buried at North Bend in the same cemetery that encloses the tomb of President Har rison. Sypher, Jay Hale, was born in Pennsylvania July 22, 1837; received a collegiate education; studied law, and was admitted to the bar; entered the Union army as a private, and rose through all the grades to that of brigadier-general, which he held when mus tered out of service at the close of the war, November 25, 1865; located in Louisiana in January, 1866; was a delegate to the National Republican Convention at Chicago which nominated Grant and Colfax; was elected a representative from Louisiana in the For tieth Congress as a Republican by 3,000 majority ; was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress by 5,400 major ity over St. Martin, Democrat ; was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress by a majority of 5,500 over Walker, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Forty- third Congress as a Republican, receiving 12.299 votes against 12,225 votes for E. Lawrence, Demo crat, serving from July 18, 1868, to March 3, 1875. Taber, Stephen, was born at Dover, New York, March 7, 1821; received an academical e ducation; removed to Queen s County, where he engaged in agricultural pursuits; was a member of the State legislature of New York in 1860 and 1861 ; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-ninth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 12,232 votes against 10,023 votes for G. W. Curtis, Republican; was re- elected to the Fortieth Congress, receiving 10,458 votes against 9,362 votes for Gleason, Republican, serving from December 4, 1865, to March 3, 1869. Taber, Thomas, 2d, was born at Dover, New York, May 19, 1785 ; received a public-school educa tion; was a practical farmer; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1826; was elected a representative from New York in the Twentieth Congress (in place of Thomas J. Oakley, resigned) as a Democrat, serving from December 1, 1828, to March 3, 1829; died at Dover, New York, March 21, 1862. Taffe, John, was born at Indianapolis, Indiana, January 30, 1827 ; received an academic education; studied law, and practised at Indianapolis; removed to Nebraska in 1856 ; was chosen a member of the lower branch of the Territorial legislature in 1858 and 1859; was elected to the upper branch or council in 1860, and was chosen president of that body; en tered the military service in 1862, and served fifteen months as major of the Second Nebraska Cavalry ; was elected a representative from Nebraska in the Fortieth Congress as a Republican by 748 majority over Paddock, Democrat; was re-elected to the For ty-first Congress, receiving 8,718 votes against 5,992 votes for Poppleton, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress as a Republican, receiving 12,375 votes against 7,967 votes for G. B. Lake, Dem ocrat, serving from March 4, 1867, to March 3, 1873; was appointed secretary of Colorado in 1875. Taggart, Samuel, was born at Londonderry, New Hampshire, March 24, 1754; received a classical education, graduating at Dartmouth College in 1774; studied theology; was ordained in 1777 as pastor of the church at Coleraine, Massachusetts, and filled the position until 1818; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Eighth Congress as a Fed eralist ; was re-elected to the Ninth, Tenth. Eleventh, Twelfth, Thirteenth, and Fourteenth Congresses, serving from October 17, 1803, to March 3, 1817 ; died at Coleraine, Massachusetts, April 25, 1825. He pub lished a number of religious and political pamphlets. Tait, Charles, was born in Louisa County, Vir ginia, in 1768; received an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and com menced practice in Georgia; was a judge of the Superior Court of Georgia; was elected a United- States senator from Georgia (in place of John Mil- ledge, resigned) as a Democrat, serving from Decem ber" 28, 1809, to March 3, 1819; removed to Wilcox County, Alabama; was a judge of the District Court of Alabama 1820-1826 ; died in Wilcox County, Ala bama, October 7, 1835. Talbot, Isham, was born in Bedford County, Virginia, in 1773; received an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and com menced practice at Frankfort, Kentucky; was a member of the State Senate 1812-1815; was elected a United-States senator from Kentucky (in place of Jesse Bledsoe, resigned), serving from February 2, 1815, to March 3, 1819; was again elected a senator (in place of William Logan, resigned), serving from November 27, 1820, to March 3, 1825; died near Frankfort, Kentucky, September 25, 1837. Talbot, Silas, was born in Rhode Island in 1751; received a public-school education; entered the Revolutionary army as captain in a Rhode-Island regiment ; was at the siege of Boston ; accompanied the army to New York, where he so annoyed the British shipping in the harbor that Congress ordered his promotion to the rank of major; was wounded in the defence of Fort Miftlin in 1777; rendered impor tant services to General Sullivan in 1778 by trans porting the Continental troops from the main land to STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 653 the upper end of Rhode Island ; captured the British floating-battery "Pigot" off Newport, and received for his bravery the commission of lieutenant-colonel; armed his prize, and. with the armed sloop Argo," cruised off New England, capturing a number of prizes ; was commissioned captain in the Continental navy September 17, 1770; was captured by a British fleet in 1780, and imprisoned in England until he was exchanged in 1781 ; after the war, he purchased the confiscated estate of Sir William Johnson in Montgomery County, New York ; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1792-1793; was elected a representative from New York in the Third Congress as a Federalist, serving from De cember 2, 1793, to March 3, 1795; was recommis- sioned by President Washington captain in the United-States navy; superintended the building of the frigate " Constitution," which he commanded on the West-India station in 1799; resigned in Sep tember, 1800; resided in New- York City, and died there June 30, 1813. The "Life of Silas Talbot" was published by H. T. Tuckerman. Talbott, Albert G., was born in Kentucky; resided at Danville; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Thirty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 6,586 votes against 0,570 votes for Fox, American ; was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving 7,025 votes against 6,861 votes for Anderson, American, serving from December 3, 1S55, to March 3, 1859. Taliaferro, Benjamin, was born in Virginia in 1750 ; served in the Revolutionary army in the rifle corps commanded by General Morgan; was in the battles of Saratoga and Monmouth, and at the siege of Savannah ; was taken prisoner by the British at the surrender of Charleston; settled in Georgia; was a member of the State Senate ; was a delegate to the Constitutional Convention of 1708; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Sixth Congress; was re-elected to the Seventh Congress, serving from December 2, 1799, to 1802, when he resigned; was judge of the Superior Court; died in Wilkcs County, Georgia, September 3, 1821. Taliaferro, John, was born in Spottsylvania County, Virginia, in 1768; was elected a representa tive from Virginia in the Seventh Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 7, 1801, to March 3, 1803; was a presidential elector on the Jefferson ticket in 1805; was again elected to the Twelfth Congress (having successfully contested the election of John P. Hungerford), serving from December 2, 1811, to March 3, 1813; was a presidential elector on the Monroe ticket in 1821 ; was again elected to the Eighteenth Congress (in place of "William Lee Ball, deceased), and was re-elected to the Nineteenth, Twentieth, and Twenty-first Congresses, serving from April 8, 182-1, to March 3, 1831 ; was again elected to the Twenty-fourth, Twenty-fifth, Twenty- sixth, and Twenty-seventh Congresses, serving from December 7, 1835, to March 3, 1843; was librarian of the Treasury Department at Washington 1850-1853 ; died at "Hagley" (his residence in King George County, Virginia) August 12, 1853. Taliaferro, Robert W., was elected a repre sentative from Louisiana in the Thirty-eighth Con gress as a Republican ; a majority of the Committee on Elections reported that he was entitled to a seat, but such was the opposition that no vote was taken on the resolution, although on the last day of the session lie was voted $2,000 for compensation, mile age, and expenses. Tallmadge, Benjamin (father of Frederick Augustus Tallmadge), was born at Setauket, Long Island, New York, February 25, 1754; was thoroughly educated by his father, who was a clergyman; took charge of a school at Wetherstield, Connecticut ; en tered the Revolutionary army as lieutenant in a Con necticut regiment, and soon rose to the rank of colonel; distinguished himself throughout the war, and was for some years on duty at Washington s headquarters, having charge of the secret corre spondence; after the war, he engaged in mercantile pursyits at Litchfield, Connecticut; held several local offices ; was elected a representative from Connecti cut in the Seventh Congress as a Federalist ; was re- elected to the Eighth, Ninth, Tenth, Eleventh, Twelth, Thirteenth, and Fourteenth Congresses, serving from December 7, 1801, to March 3, 1817; died at Litchfield, Connecticut, March 17, 1835. Tallmadge, Frederick Augustus (son of Benjamin Tallmadge), was born at Litchfield, Con necticut, August 29, 1792; received a classical educa tion, graduating at Yale College in 1811 ; studied law at the Litchfield Law School; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at New York in 1813; commanded a troop of volunteer cavalry on Long Island during the closing months of the war with Great Britain; was assistant alderman 1834, and alderman 1836 ; was State senator 1837-1840, and a portion of that time president of the Senate; was recorder of the city of New York 1841-1846 ; was elected a representative from New York to the Thirtieth Congress as a WJhig, receiving 4,205 votes against 1,809 votes for David Broderick, Democrat, serving from December 6, 1847, until March 3, 1849; was again recorder of the city of New York 1848- 1851 ; was superintendent of the metropolitan police 1857-1862 ; was clerk of the New- York Court of Ap peals 1862-1865; and died at Litchfield, Connecticut, September 17, 1869. Tallmadge, James, jun., was born at Stam ford, New York, January 28, 1778 ; receivecl a classical education, graduating at Brown University in 1798; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice, but devoted much of his time to agricultu ral pursuits; served in the war of 1812 as commander of a company of home guards ; was elected a represen tative from New York in the Fifteenth Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 1, 1817, to March 3, 1819 ; declined a re-election ; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention of 1821 ; was a mem ber of the State House of Representatives in 1824; was lieutenant-governor of New York 1826-1827; visited Russia, and secured the introduction of United-States cotton-spinning machinery into that country; was one of the founders of the American Institute at New York, and its president during the last twenty years of his life; was one of the founders of the New- York City University, and for some years president of its council ; died suddenly at New- York City September 29, 1853. Tallmadge, Nathaniel P., was born at Chat ham, New York, February 8, 1795; received a classi cal education, graduating at Union College; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1818, and com menced practice at Poughkeepsie ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1828, and of the State Senate in 1830-1833; was elected a United- States senator from New York as a Conservative Democrat, serving from December 2, 1833, to June 17, 1844, when he resigned ; was appointed by Presi dent Tyler governor of the Territory of Wisconsin, and removed by President Polk, serving 1844-1846; resumed practice ; and died at Battle Creek, Michi gan, November 2, 1864. Tallman, Peleg, was born at Tiverton, Rhode Island, in 1764; received a public-school education; served in the Revolutionary war when a lad on the privateer "Trumbull;" lost an arm in a naval en gagement in 1780; was captured and imprisoned in England and Ireland in 1781-1783; entered the mer chant service, and became a merchant at Bath, Massachusetts (afterwards Maine); was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Twelfth Congress as a Democrat, but refused to support the war, serving from November 4, 1811, to March 3, 1813, and declining a re-election; was a member of the State Senate of Maine 1821, 1822; died at Bath, Maine, November 2, 1864. Tannehill, Adamson, was born in Frederick 654 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. County, Maryland, in 1 1752; received a public-school education; served in the Revolutionary Avar as cap tain of riflemen; removed to Pennsylvania, . and commenced the cultivation of a small farm near Pittsburg; was a justice of the peace; opposed the Whiskey Insurrection ; was brigadier-general of Penn sylvania volunteers in the United-States service from September 25 to December 31, 1812; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirteenth Congress as a Democrat, serving from May 24, 1813, to March 2, 1815; died near Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, July 7, 1817. Tanner, Adolphus H., was born at Granville, New York, May 2:3, 1833; received a public-school edu cation; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1854, and commenced practice at Whitehall, New York; in 18(52 he entered the Union army as a captain, and, as lieutenant-colonel of the One Hundred and Twenty-third Regiment of New-York Volunteer In fantry, served until the close of the war, first in the Army of the Potomac, and subsequently through out the Atlanta campaign and that of the Carolinas; he was elected a representative from New York in the Forty-first Congress as a Republican, receiving 17,054 votes against 14,641 votes for Osgood, Demo crat, serving from March 4, 1S09, to March 3, 1871. Tappan, Benjamin, was born at Northampton, Massachusetts, May 25, 1773; received a public-school education ; was apprenticed to learn the art of copper plate engraving and printing; gave some attention to portrait-painting; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Steubenville, Ohio ; was elected to the State House of Representatives of Ohio in 1803; served as aide-de-camp to General Wadsworth in the war of 1812; was a judge of the County Court, and then, for seven years, presiding judge of the Fifth Ohio Circuit Court of Common Pleas ; was appointed by President Jackson United- Slates judge for the district of Ohio in 1833; was elected to the United-States Senate from Ohio as a Democrat, defeating Thomas Ewing, Whig, and serv ing from December 2, 1839, until March 3, 1845 ; be came a decided antislavery man; died at Steuben ville, Ohio. April 12, 1857. Tappan, Mason W., was born at Newport, New Hampshire; received an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and com menced practice at Bradford, New Hampshire; was a member of the State House of Beprcsentatives 1853-1855; was elected a representative from New Hampshire in the Thirty-fourth Congress as an American, receiving 12,129 votes against 8,650 votes for Morrison, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thir ty-fifth Congress as a Republican, receiving 10,685 votes against 9,180 votes for Morrison, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiv ing 11,288 votes against 10.228 votes for John H. George, Democrat, serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1861 ; served in the Union army as colo nel of the First New-Hampshire Volunteer Infantry April 29, 1861-August 9, 1861. Tarbox, John Kemble, was born in that por tion of Methuen now comprised within the limits of the city of Lawrence May 6, 1838; was fitted for college in the public schools and academy, but was obliged to relinquish a collegiate course by delicate health; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1860, and has since practised at Lawrence; was for a time, while pursuing his legal studies, political editor of "The Lawrence Sentinel," a Democratic journal ; served in the Union army during the war as a line-officer of the Fourth Regiment Massachu setts Volunteers; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1868, 1870, and 1871, and of the State Senate in 1872 ; was mayor of Lawrence in 1873, 1874; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 8,979 votes against 7,415 votes for James C. Ayer, Republican, serving from Decem ber 6, 1875, to March 3, 1877; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 9,379 votes against 12,100 votes for Benja min F. Butler, Republican. Tarr, Christian, was born at Baltimore, Mary land; removed to Pennsylvania; was elected a rep resentative from Pennsylvania in the Fifteenth Con gress; was re-elected to the Sixteenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1817, to March 3, 1821. Tate, Magnus, resided in Berkeley County, Virginia; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Fourteenth Congress as a Federalist, serving from December 4, 1815, to March 3, 1817. Tatnall, Edward P., was born at Savannah, Georgia; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Seventeenth Congress; was re-elected to the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Congresses without op position, serving from December 3, 1821, to March 3, 1827. Tatnall, Josiah, was born at Bonaventure, Geor gia; received an academical education at Nassau, New Providence, but, on the breaking out of Revolu tionary hostilities, he returned to Georgia without the knowledge of his parent s, and at. the age of eighteen joined the command of General Wayne; was colonel of a regiment of State troops raised in 1793 for pro tection against the Indians; was for several years a member of the State Hoxise of Representatives ; was elected a United-States senator from Georgia (in place of James Jackson, resigned), serving from April 12, 1796, to March 3, 1799; was appointed brigadier-general of State troops in 1800; died at Nassau, New Providence, June 6, 1803. Tatum, Absalom, was elected a representative from North Carolina in the Fourth Congress, serving from December 7, 1795, to 1796, when he resigned. Taul, Micah, was born in Virginia; removed to Kentucky; was elected a representative from Ken tucky in the Fourteenth Congress, receiving a large majority over Mr. Montgomery, serving from De cember 4, 1815, to March 3, 1817. Taylor, Alexander Wilson, was born in In diana County, Pennsylvania, March 22, 1815; was educated at the Indiana Academy, and at Jefferson College, Washington County, Pennsylvania; left col lege in the spring of 1836 to fill an appointment as clerk in the surveyor-general s office of Pennsylva nia; studied law at the law-school in Carlisle, Penn sylvania, and in the office of Judge White at Indiana, Pennsylvania; was admitted to the bar in 1841, and practised; in 1845 was elected prothonotary and clerk of the several courts of Indiana County, and was re-elected in 1848; was a member of the legisla ture of Pennsylvania in 1859 and 1860; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Forty- third Congress as a Republican, receiving 13,982 votes against 13,289 votes for H. D. Foster, Demo crat, serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1875. Taylor, Caleb N., was born in Bucks County, Pennsylvania, July 27, 1813; received an academic education; engaged in agricultural pursuits; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Fortieth Congress as a Republican, receiving 12,259 votes against 11,800 votes for Ross, Democrat, serv ing from March 4, 1867, to March 3, 1869; was re- elected to the Forty-first Congress (having success fully contested the election of John R. Reading), serving from December 5, 1870, to March 3, 1871. Taylor, George, was born in Ireland in 1716; received a good education; immigrated to the United States in 1736; became a day-laborer in iron-works at Durham, Pennsylvania, and in time was the owner of iron-works in Northumberland County; was a mem ber of the Colonial House of Representatives 1764- 1769; was appointed colonel of militia, and judge of the County Court, in 1770; was again a member of the Provincial House of Representatives in 1775; was a delegate to the Continental Congress from Pennsyl vania in 1776-1777 ; negotiated treaties of peace with several Indian tribes while he was a delegate in Con- STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 655 gress; removed to Easton, Delaware, and died there February 23, 1,781. Taylor, George, was born at Wheeling, Vir ginia, October, 19, 1820; received an academical education; studied medicine, and subsequently law; was admitted to the bar in 1840, and commenced practice in Indiana; removed to Alabama in 1844, and in 1848 removed to Brooklyn, New York, where ha practised ; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 8,591 votes against 5,8(39 votes for Strana- han, Republican, and 5,476 votes for Wood, Ameri can, serving from December 7, 1857, to March 3, 1859; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving 4,578 votes against 0,475 votes for Humphrey, Opposition, and 5,581 votes for Litchfield, Independent Democrat; resumed practice at Washington City. He published " Indications of the Creator," and several essays upon educational topics. Taylor, John, was born in Orange County, Virginia; was a planter, and did much towards ad vancing the science of agriculture ; was appointed United-States senator as a Democrat (in place of Richard Henry Lee, resigned) ; took his seat Decem ber 12, 1792; was elected for six years from March 4, 1793, and resigned in 1794; was a presidential elector in 1797; was again appointed a senator (in place of Stevens T. Mason, deceased), serving from October 17, 1803, to December 13, 1803, when A. B. Venable took his seat; was elected a senator (in place of James Pleasants, resigned), defeating H. St. George Tucker and John Tyler, and serving from December 30, 1822, until his death in Caroline County, Virginia, August 20, 1824. He published "An Enquiry into the Prin ciples of the Government of the United States," "Agricultural Essays, by Arator, " "Construction Construed," " Tyranny Unmasked," "New Views of the Constitution of the United States," and several essays on political and agricultural subjects. Taylor, John, was born at Columbia, South Carolina, May 14, 1770; received a classical education, graduating at Princeton College in 1790 ; commenced the study of law in January, 1791, with Charles Cotesworth Pinckney, at Charleston; was admitted to the bar in June, 1793, and entered into practice at Columbia, but was more particularly devoted to planting; was elected a representative from South Carolina in the Tenth Congress; was re-elected to the Eleventh Congress, serving from October 2(3, 1807, to December 31, 1810, when, having been elected a United-States senator (in place of Thomas Sumter, resigned), he took his seat in the Senate, serving until 1816, when he resigned ; was again elected a representative in the Fourteenth Congress, serving from 181(3 to March 3, 1817; was defeated as a can didate for the Fifteenth Congress by Elias Earle; was defeated as a candidate for the Seventeenth Congress, by William Lowndes; was a State senator in 1822; was governor of South Carolina 182(3-1828; and died at his residence on Taylor s Hill, Columbia, South Carolina, February 23, 1832. Taylor, John J., was born in Massachusetts; removed to New York, and settled atOwego; was elected a representative from New York in the Thir ty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 9,426 votes against 8,410 votes for Cook, Whig, serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855. Taylor, John L., was born in Stafford County, Virginia, March 7, 1805; received an academical ed ucation; studied law at Washington City; was ad mitted to the bar in 1828, and commenced practice at Chillicothe, Ohio, in 1829; was elected a representa tive from Ohio in the Thirtieth Congress as a Whig, receiving 314 majority over the Democratic candidate ; was re-elected to the Thirty-first Congress, receiving 7,449 votes against 6,624 votes for Cleveland, Demo crat ; was re-elected to the Thirty-second Congress, receiving 5,850 votes against 5,321 votes for McCpr- mick, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-third Congress, receiving 7,653 votes against 6,7G3 votes for Sherer, Democrat, serving from December 6, 1847, to March 3, 1855 ; was appointed a clerk in the Interior Department at Washington in 1870; and died sud denly at his desk September 6, 1870. Taylor, John W., was born in Saratoga Coun ty, New York, in 1784; received a classical education, graduating at Union College in 1803; studied law at Albany; was admitted to the bar in 1806, and com menced practice at Ballston Spa; was a member of the State legislature 1812-1813; was elected a repre sentative from New York in the Thirteenth Congress as a Democrat, and was successively re-elected to the Fourteenth, Fifteenth, Sixteenth, Seventeenth, Eigh teenth, Nineteenth, Twentieth, Twenty-first, and Twenty-second Congresses, serving from May 24, 1813, to March 2, 1833 ; was speaker of the House during" the second session of the Sixteenth Congress (Mr. Speaker Clay having found it impossible to attend until after the holidays), and also of the Nineteenth Congress; removed in September, 1843, to Cleveland, Ohio, where he resumed practice; and died Septem ber 18, 1854. Taylor, Jonathan, was born in Connecticut; removed to Ohio, and settled at Newark ; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Twenty-sixth Con gress as a Democrat, serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1841. Taylor, Joseph W., was born in Cumberland County, Kentucky, in 1820; received a classical edu cation, graduating at Princeton College, Kentucky; removed to Alabama in 1838; studied law with Judge H. I. Thornton in Greene County, and practised for several years; was presidential elector on the Clay and Frelinghuysen ticket in 1844; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1845 and 1847, and of the State Senate in 1855; was elected a repre sentative from Alabama to the Thirty-ninth Con gress, and his credentials were presented on the 7th of February, 1866, but he was refused a seat; was chosen president of the board of trustees of the Southern University; was editor of "The Tuscaloosa Times." Taylor, Miles, was born in New York ; received an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Donaldsonville, Louisiana; was elected a representative from Louisi ana in the Thirty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 6,180 votes against 5,811 votes for Hunt, American; was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Con gress, receiving 4,950 votes against 4,892 votes for Burke, American; was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving 5,908 votes against 4,459 votes for Nichols, Opposition, serving from December 3, 1855, to February 5, 1861, when he retired from the House. Taylor, Nathaniel G., was born in Carter County, Tennessee, December 29, 1819; received a classical education, graduating at Princeton College in 1840; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1843, and commenced practice ; became a preacher in the Methodist-Episcopal Church South; was a presi dential elector on the Scott ticket in 1853 ; was elect ed a representative from Tennessee in the Thirty- third Congress (in place of Brookins Campbell, de ceased) as a Whig, receiving 617 majority, serving from March 30, 1854, to March 3, 1855 ; was a presi dential elector on the Bell and Everett ticket in 1860; was again elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, re ceiving 5,236 votes against 4,460 votes for Miller, and 1,626 votes for Randolph, serving from July 24, 1866, to March 3, 1867 ; was appointed by President John son commissioner of Indian affairs, serving from March 26, 1867, to April 21, 1869. Taylor, Nelson, was born at South Norwalk, Connecticut, June 8, 1821; received a public-school education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at New York; served in the Mexican war as captain in the First New-York Vol unteer Infantry August 1, 1846- August 1, 1S48 ; was 656 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. a member of the State Senate of California in 1849; was president of the board of trustees of the State Insane Asylum 1830-1836; was sheriff of San Joa- quin County in 1853; returned to New York; served in the Union army as colonel of the Seventy-second New-York Volunteer Infantry; was promoted to be brigadier-general in 1802; was elected a representa tive from New York in the Thirty-ninth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 9,272 votes against 4,286 votes for Maclay, Mozart Democrat, and 3,921 votes for Ellery, Kepublican, serving from December 4, 1805, to March 3, 1807. Taylor, Robert, was born in Virginia; resided at Orange Court House ; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Nineteenth Congress, serving from December 5. 1825, to March 3, 1827. Taylor, Waller, was born in Lunenburg Coun ty, Virginia; received a public-school education; re moved to Indiana, and located at Vincennes; was Territorial judge in 1800; served as aide-de-camp to General Harrison in the war of 1812, and was with him at the battle of Tippecanoe ; was elected a Unit ed-States senator from Indiana as a Democrat, and re-elected, serving from December 12, 1810, to March 3, 1825; died in Lunenburg, Virginia, August 20, 1826. Taylor, William, was born in Connecticut in 1793; removed with his parents to Onondaga County, New York, when quite young; received a public- school education; studied medicine; was licensed to practise, and was a practising physician at Manlius, New York ; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-third Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty-fourth and Twenty-fifth Congresses, serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1839; was a member of the State House of Repre- sentatives in 1841 and 1842; died at Manlius, New York, September 0, 1843. Taylor, William, was born at Alexandria, Vir ginia; received an academical education; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice in Rockingham County, Virginia ; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, receivng 1,983 votes against 1,347 votes for A. H. II. Stuart, Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-ninth Congress, serving from Decem ber 4, 1843, to January 17. 1846, when he died very suddenly at Washington City. Taylor, William P., was born at Fredericks- burg, Virginia; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Twenty-third Congress as a Whig, receiving 957 votes against 070 votes for John Roane, Democrat, and 182 for Upshur, Independent, serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1835; was de feated as the Whig candidate for the Twenty-fourth Congress by John Roane, Democrat. Tazewell, Henry, was born in Brunswick Coun ty, Virginia, in 1753; received a classical education, graduating at William and Mary College ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar in 1773, and commenced practice; was a member of the Provincial House of Burgesses in 1775; was a delegate to the State Con stitutional Convention of 1776; was elected judge in 1785, and judge of the High Court of Appeals in 1793; was elected a United-States senator from Virginia (in place of John Taylor, resigned), serving from December 29, 1794, to January 24, 1799, when he died at Philadelphia. Tazewell, Littleton Walker, was born at Williamsburg, Virginia, December 17, 1774; received a classical education, graduating at William and Mary College in 1791 ; studied law with John Wick- ham at Richmond; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Williamsburg in 1796 ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1798; removed to Norfolk, Virginia, in 1801; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Sixth Congress (in place of John Marshall, resigned) as a Democrat, serving from November 20, 1800, to March 3, 1801; was one of the commissioners of claims under the treaty with Spain ceding Florida in 1820; was offered the mission to Great Britain by Presi dent Jackson in 1829, and declined it; was elected a United-States senator from Virginia (in place of John Taylor, deceased), serving from December 29, 1824, to July 16, 1832, when he resigned; died at Norfolk, Virginia, May 6, 1860. He published "A Review of the Negotiations between the United States and Great Britain." A discourse on his life by Hugh B. Grisby was published in 1860. Teese, Frederick H., was born at Newark, New Jersey, October 21, 1823; received a classical education, graduating at Princeton College in 1843; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1840, and commenced practice at Newark ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1860-1861, and was elected speaker that year; was appointed pre siding judge of the Court of Common Pleas of Essex County in 1864, and was re-appointed in 1869; and was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 13,876 votes against 13,768 votes for Marcus L. Ward, Re publican, serving from December 6, 1875, to March 3, 1877. Telfair, Edward (father of Thomas Telfair), was born in Scotland in 1735; received a classical education at Kirkcudbright Grammar School ; immi grated to the Province of Virginia in 1735 as the factor of a mercantile house in Glasgow ; removed to Halifax, North Carolina, and in 1706 established himself as a commission merchant at Savannah, Georgia; took an active part in pre-Revolutionary movements; was a delegate to the Continental Con gress in 1777-1779 and in 1780-1783; was one of the commissioners in 17S3 to negotiate a treaty with the Cherokees; died at Savannah, Georgia, September 17, 1807. Telfair, Thomas (son of Edward Telfair), was born at Savannah, Georgia; received a classical edu cation, graduating at Princeton College in 18U5; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Savannah; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Thirteenth Congress as a State-rights Democrat; was re-elected to the Fourteenth Con gress, serving from May 24, 1813, to March 3, 1817; died at Savannah, Georgia, April 2, 1818. Teller, Henry M., was born in Alleghany County, New York, May 23, 1830; studied law; was admitted to the bar in New York, and has since practised ; removed to Illinois in 1858, and from there to Colorado in 1801 ; never held office until he was elected to the United-States Senate (on the ad mission of Colorado as a State) as a Republican, and took his seat December 4, 1870; and was re-elected December 11, 1870. His term of service will expire March 3, 1883. Teller, Isaac, was born in Dutchess County, New York, in 1798; received a public-school educa tion ; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-third Congress (in place of Gilbert Dean, resigned) as a Whig, serving from December 4, 1854, to March 3, 1855; died at Mattawan, New York, April 30, 1808, while riding in a wagon, and the horse that he was driving went on for several miles before it was discovered that the driver was dead. Temple, MTilliam, was born in Queen Anne County, Maryland, February 28, 1815; received an academical education; engaged in mercantile pur suits at Smyrna, Delaware; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1844, and was chosen speaker; by the death of the governor and the president of the Senate, he became acting gov ernor of Delaware; was a member of the State Senate 1845-1854; was elected a representative from Dela ware in the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 8,003 votes "against 8,014 votes for George P. Fisher, Republican; died before taking his seat, at Smyrna, Delaware, August 8, 1803. Ten Eyck, Egbert, was born in Rensselaer County, New York, April 18, 1779 ; received a clas- STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 657 sical education, graduating at Williams College; studied law at Albany ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Watertown, New York ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1812-1813, serving the last year as speaker; was a delegate to the Constitutional Convention of 1832; was elected a representative from New York in the Eighteenth Congress; was re-elected to the Nine teenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1823, to March 3, 1827; was judge of the Jefferson-county courts; died at Watertown, New York, April 11, 1844. Ten Eyck, John C., was born at Freehold, New Jersey, March 12, 1814; received an academical education from private tutors; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1835, and commenced practice at Mount Holly, New Jersey; was prosecuting-attor- ney for Burlington County 1839-1849; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention in 1844; was elected a United-States senator from New Jersey as a Republican, serving from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 1865. Tenney, Samuel, was born at Byfielcl Parish, Newbury, Massachusetts; received a classical educa tion, graduating at Harvard College in 1772 ; studied medicine with Dr. Kittredge at Andover; was li censed, and commenced practice at Exeter, New Hampshire ; served as surgeon in the Revolutionary army ; returned to Exeter, and was judge of probate for Rockingham County; was elected a representa tive from New Hampshire in the Sixth Congress (in place of William Gordon, resigned); was re-elected to the Seventh, Eighth, and Ninth Congresses, serv ing from December 8, 1800, to March 3, 18G5 ; was a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sci ences ; died at Exeter, New Hampshire, February (i, 1816. He published a number of political, scientific, and agricultural essays. Tef rill, William, was born at Sparta, Georgia ; received a thorough English education; was for several years a member of "the State House of Repre sentatives ; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Fifteenth Congress as a Democrat; was re- elected to the Sixteenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1817, to March 3, 1821 ; declined a re election ; took a great interest in the promotion of agricultural science; donated in 1853 twenty thou sand dollars for the foundation of the Terrill profess orship of agriculture in the University of Georgia; died at Sparta, Georgia, July 4, 1835. Terry, Nathaniel, was born at Enfield, Con necticut, in 1768; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1786; held several State and local offices; was elected a representative from Connecticut in the Fifteenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1817, to March 3. 1819; died at New Haven^ Connecticut, June 14, 1844. Terry, William, was born in Amherst County, Virginia, August 14, 1824; received a classical edu cation, graduating at the University of Virginia in 1848; taught school; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Wytheville in September, 1851 ; was for some eighteen months one of the editors and proprietors of "The Telegraph;" was in the military service of Virginia in the " John Brown raid " in 1859; entered the Confederate army in April, 1861, as lieutenant in the Fourth Virginia Infantry, "Stonewall Brigade;" served during the war, and by successive promotions attained the rank of brigadier-general March 20, 1864; was nominated for Congress in 1868, but, being under political dis abilities, he afterward withdrew; was elected a repre sentative from Virginia in the Forty-second Congress as a Conservative, receiving 10,398 votes against 4,384 votes for F. McMullin, independent Democrat, and 3,922 votes for R. W. Hughes, Republican, serv ing from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1873; was again elected to the Forty-fourth Congress as a Conserva tive, receiving 8,052 votes againSt 1,821 votes for G. W. Henderlite, Republican, and 6,763 votes for F. McMullin, Independent, serving from December 6, 1875, to March 3, 1877. Test, John, was born at Salem, New Jersey; received a public-school education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Brookville, Indiana; was elected a representative from Indiana in the Eighteenth Congress as a Clay Democrat; was re-elected to the Nineteenth Con gress, serving from December 1, 1823, to March 3, 1827; was defeated as the Clay Democratic candidate for the Twentieth Congress by Oliver H. Smith, Jackson Democrat, who received 1,371 votes; was again elected to the Twenty-first Congress as a Whig, defeating Jonathan McCarty, Democrat, serv ing from December 7, 1829, to March 3, 1831; was presiding judge of an Indiana Circuit Court; re moved to Mobile, Alabama, where he practised; died near Cambridge City, Indiana, October 9, 1849. Thacher, George, was born at Yarmouth, Mas sachusetts (afterwards Maine), April 12, 1754; re ceived a classical education, graduating at Harvard College in 1776; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1778, and commenced practice at York, re moving to Biddeford in 1782; was a delegate from Massachusetts to the Continental Congress 1787-1788; was elected a representative from the Maine District of Massachusetts in the First Congress, and was successively re-elected to the Second, Third, Fourth, Fifth, and Sixth Congresses, serving from March 4, 1789, to March 3, 1801 ; was a judge of the Supreme Court of Massachusetts, and afterwards of Maine, 1800-1824 ; was a delegate to the Constitutional Con vention of Maine in 1819; and died at Biddeford, Maine, April 6, 1824. Thacher, Samuel, was born at Cambridge, Massachusetts, July 1, 1776; received a classical edu cation, graduating at Harvard College in 1793; stud ied law; was admitted to the bar in 1797, and com menced practice at New Gloucester, in that portion of Massachusetts which was afterwards Maine ; re moved to Warren in 1800; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1801-1811 ; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Seventh Congress (in place of Silas Lee, resigned), receiving 815 votes against 608 votes for Kinsley; was re-elected to the Eighth Congress, serving from December 6, 1802, to March 3, 1805; was sheriff of Lincoln County 1814-1821 ; was a member of the State House of Representatives of Maine in 1824; removed to Bangor, Maine, in 1866, and died there July 19, 1872. Thayer, Eli, was born at Mendon, Massachu setts, June 11, 1819; received a classical education, graduating at Brown University in 1843 ; became the principal of the Worcester (Massachusetts) Academy, and in 1851 founded the collegiate institute for girls known as the " Oread Institute; " was a member of the State House of Representatives 1853-1854; or ganized the emigration of antislavery men into Kansas under the auspices of the Emigrant-Aid Society; was elected a representative from Massa chusetts in the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Republican, receiving 8,920 votes against 4,414 votes for A. De Witt, American, 2,987 votes for Wood, Democrat, and 292 votes for Thurston, American; was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving 7,280 votes against 2,962 votes for Wood, Democrat, and 31 votes scattering, serving from December 7, 1857, to March 3, 1861; was defeated as the Republican candidate for the Thirty-seventh Congress, receiving 7,949 votes against 9,745 votes for G. F. Bailey, Republican, and 109 votes for S. W. A. Stevens. Thayer, John M., was born at Bellingham, Massachusetts, January 24, 1820 ; received a classical education, graduating at Brown University, Rhode Island; studied law; went to Nebraska in 1854; was elected major-general, in which capacity he organized and commanded two expeditions against hostile In dians; was a member of the Constitutional Conven tion of Nebraska; was a member of the upper branch G58 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. of the Territorial legislature in 1860; entered the Union army as colonel of the First Nebraska Volun teers in 1861 ; was appointed brigadier-general, and brevet ted major-general "for distinguished services;" was elected a United-States senator from Nebraska as a Republican, serving from March 4, 18(37, to March 4, 1871; was appointed governor of Wyoming Territory by President Grant in 1875, and superseded by Presi dent Hayes in 1878. Thayer, M. Russell, was born at Petersburg, Virginia, January 27, 1819; received a classical edu cation, graduating at the University of Pennsylvania in 1840; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1842, and commenced practice at Philadelphia; was appointed in 18G2 by the governor of Pennsylvania a commissioner to revise the revenue laws of that State; was elected a representative from Pennsyl vania in the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Republican, receiving 9,605 votes against 9,543 votes fur Carri- gan, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiving 11,007 votes against 10,729 votes for Ross, Democrat, serving from December 7, 1803, to March 3, 1867; declining a re-election, he was appointed a judge of the District Court of Phila delphia in 1867, and in 1868 was elected by the people a judge of the same court for ten years; was appointed by the President of the United States a member of the board of visitors to the Military Academy; in 1874, under the new constitution of Pennsylvania, he was appointed president-judge of the Court of Common Pleas of Philadelphia. Theaker, Thomas C., was born in York Coun ty, Pennsylvania, February 1, 1812; received an academical education ; removed to Bridgeport, Ohio, in 1830; was a machinist, and constructor of flour- mills; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Republican, receiving 7,311 votes against 7,219 votes for B. F. Spriggs, Democrat, serving from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 1861; was defeated as the Republican candi date for the Thirty-seventh Congress, receiving 8,510 votes against 9,609 votes for Morris, Democrat; was appointed one of a board of commissioners to investigate the workings of the Patent Office; was appointed by President Johnson commissioner of patents, serving August 17, 1865-June 6, 1868. Thibodeaux, Bannon G., was born in Louisi ana; was reared as a sugar-planter; was elected a representative from Louisiana in the Twenty-ninth Congress as a Whig ; was re-elected to the Thirtieth Congress, serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1849; died in the parish of Terrebonne, Louisiana, March 11, 1806. Thomas, Benjamin S., was born at Boston, Massachusetts, February 12, 1813; removed to Worcester in 1819; received a classical education, graduating at Brown University in 1830; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1833, and com menced practice at Worcester; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1842; was judge of probate 1844-1848; was a presidential elector on the Taylor and Fillmore ticket in 1848; was a judge of the State Supreme Court 1853-1859; removed to Boston, where he practised, residing at West Roxbury; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Thirty-seventh Congress as a Conservative Unionist, receiving 2,774 votes against 305 scattering votes, serving from July 4, 1861, to March 3, 1863; resumed practice at Boston. He published "Law of Towns and Town-Officers," "Suggestion* upon the Personal-Liberty Law. Thomas, Charles R., was born in Carteret County, North Carolina, February 7, 1827; received a classical education, graduating at the University of North Carolina in June, 1849; studied and prac tised law; was elected one of the judges of the Superior Court in April, 1868, and resigned on his election as a representative from North Carolina in the Forty-second Congress as a Republican, receiving about 2,900 majority over L. W. Humphrey, Demo crat; was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress, receiving 20.072 votes against Il,6z7 votes for Kit chen, Democrat, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1875. Thomas, Christopher Y., was born in the county of Pittsylvania, Virginia, March 24, 1818; received an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in June, 1844, and practised at Martinsville; was elected in 1859 to the State Senate of Virginia for a term of four years; was elected in 1867 a member of the Constitutional Convention of Virginia, held under the reconstruction acts; was elected in 1869 to the State legislature of Virginia for a term of two years, which included two regular sessions and one extra session; and was elected a rep resentative from Virginia in the Forty-third Congress as a Republican, receiving 9,421 votes against 9,299 votes for Alexander M. Davis, Democrat, serving from March 5, 1874, to March 3, 1875; was defeated as the Republican candidate for the Forty-fourth Con gress, receiving 7,723 votes against 10,221 votes for George C. Cabell, Democrat. Thomas, David, was born in Washington County, New York ; resided at Salem ; was a mem ber of the State House of Representatives 1794-1800; was elected a representative from New York in the Seventh Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Eighth, Ninth, and Tenth Congresses, serving from December 7, 1801, to May 1, 1808, when he re signed; was treasurer of the State of New York February 18, 1812-February 10, 1813. Thomas, Dorsey B., was born in Tennessee ; claimed to have been elected a representative from Tennessee in the Thirty-ninth Congress; but the House gave the seat to Samuel M. Arnell, paying Thomas 1,658.80 on condition that he took the same oath as a member, except as regarded the duties of the office. Thomas, Francis, was born in Frederick Coun ty, Maryland, Februarys, 1799; received a classical education, graduating at St. John s College, Annapo lis; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and com menced practice at Frankville ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1822, 1827, and 1829, serving the last year as speaker; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Twenty-second Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty-third, Twenty-fourth, Twenty-fifth, and Twenty-sixth Congresses, serving from December 5, 1831, to March 3, 1841; was president of the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal Company in 1839 and 1840; was elected governor of Maryland, serving 1841-1844, fighting a duel during the canvass with William Price, and becoming soon afterwards in volved in a domestic difficulty which culminated in a divorce ; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention in 1850; was again elected to the Thirty- seventh Congress as a Union Republican, receiving 13,462 votes against 320 votes scattering; was re- elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, receiving 12,118 votes against 68 votes scattering; was re- elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiving 11,899 votes against 7,551 votes for Syester, Demo crat: was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, re ceiving 11,252 votes against 9,230 votes for Maulsby, Democrat, serving from July 4, 1861, to March 3, 1869 ; was appointed by President Grant collector of internal revenue, serving from April, 1870, until he was appointed minister to Peru, serving from March 25, 1872, to July 9, 1875; retired to his farm near Frankland, where he was killed by a locomotive while he was walking on the railroad-track January 22, 1876. Thomas, Isaac, was elected a representative from Tennessee in the Fourteenth Congress, serving from December 4, 1815, to March 3, 1817. Thomas, James Houston, was born in Iredell County, North Carolina, September 22, 1808; re ceived a classical education, graduating at Columbia College, Tennessee, in 1830; studied law; was ad- STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 659 mittocl to the bar, and commenced practice at Colum bia, Tennessee; was attorney-general of Tennessee 183(5-1842; became the law-partner of James K. Polk; was elected a representative from Tennessee in the Thirtieth Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-first Congress, receiving 6,136 votes against 4,802 votes for Buchanan, Whig, serving from De cember 6, 1847, to March 3, 1851 ; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Thirty-second Con gress, receiving 3,672 votes against 4,812 votes for Polk, Whig; was again elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving 9,023 votes against no opposition, serving from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 1861. Thomas, Jesse B., was one of the pioneers of the West ; was elected a delegate from Indiana Ter ritory (which included Illinois) in the Tenth Congress (in place of Benjamin Parke, resigned), serving from December 1, 1808, to March 3, 1809; was appointed judge of the United-States Court for the North western Judicial District; was elected one of the first United-States senators from Illinois, serving from December 4, 1818, to March 3, 1829; removed to Mount Yernon, Ohio ; committed suicide in a fit of mental aberration by severing the jugular vein with a razor February 3, 1850. Thomas, John C., was elected a representative from Maryland in the Sixth Congress, serving from December 2, 1799, to March 3, 1801. Thomas, John L., jun., was born at Balti more, Maryland, May 20, 1835; received an academi cal education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1856, and commenced practice at Baltimore; was city-solicitor of Baltimore 1861-1863; was elected State attorney in 1863 ; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention in 1863; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Thirty-ninth Congress as a Republican, receiving 9,541 votes against 4,102 votes for Stevenson Archer, Democrat, serving from December 4, 1805, to March 3, 1867; was defeated as the Republican candidate for the Fortieth Congress, receiving 5,014 votes against 7,091 votes for Stevenson Archer, Democrat; was ap pointed collector of customs at the port of Balti more. Thomas, Philemon, was born in North Caro lina in 17(54; received a public-school education; re moved to Kentucky, where he was a member of the State House of Representatives; was leader of the party of Americans which settled on the banks of the Lower-Mississippi River, and in 1810 rose in arms against the Spanish authorities, who exercised au thority over what is now Mississippi and Louisiana as a part of the Spanish colony of West Florida; settled at Baton Rouge; was elected a representative from Louisiana in the Twenty-second Congress; was re-elected to the Twenty-third Congress, serving from December 5, 1831, to March 3, 1835; died at Baton Rouge, Louisiana, November 18, 1847. Thomas, Philip Francis, was born in Talbot County, Maryland, September 12, 1810; was educated at the public schools, and at Dickinson College; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1831, and commenced practice at Easton, Maryland; was a member of the State Constitutional Convention in 1836 ; was a member of the State House of Delegates in 1838, 1843, and 1845; was a representative in the Twenty-sixth Congress, serving from December 2, 18 W, until March 3, 1841 ; was judge of the Eastern- Shore Land-Office Court of Maryland; was elected governor of Maryland in 1847 ; was appointed commis sioner of patents February 16, 1860 ; was appointed secretary of the treasury by President Buchanan December 10, 1860, and served until January 11, 1861 ; was elected United-States senator from Mary land, but was refused a seat February 19, 1868; was elected a representative in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 12,465 votes against 10,147 votes for H. H. Goldsborough, Republican. Thomas, Richard, was born at Philadelphia in 1745; served in the Revolutionary war; was elect ed a representative from Pennsylvania in the Fourth Congress ; was re-elected to the Fifth and Sixth Con gresses, serving from December 7, 1795, to March 3, 1801 ; died at Philadelphia in 1832. Thomasson, William P., was born in Henry County, Kentucky; received a public-school educa tion; studied law; was admitted to the bar when eighteen years of age, and commenced practice at Corydon, Indiana; was a member of the Indiana House of Representatives; removed to Louisville, Kentucky, in 1841 ; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Whig, receiving 4,900 votes against 4,497 votes for Lecompte, Democrat, and 1,152 votes for Sprigg, In dependent; was re-elected to the Twenty-ninth Con gress, receiving 513 majority, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1847; declined being a candidate for re-election ; removed to Chicago, where he prac tised until 1861, when he entered "the Union army as the colonel of a regiment of Illinois Volunteer In fantry. Thompson, Benjamin, was born at Charles- town, Massachusetts, August 5, 1798; received a public-school education ; engaged in mercantile pur suits; was repeatedly placed at the head of each de partment of the government of the town of Charles- town before it was created a city, presiding over the board of overseers of the poor, over the committee of public schools, and over the board of selectmen ; was several times a member of the State House of Representatives, and twice a member of the State Senate; was elected a representative from Massachu setts in the Twenty-ninth Congress as a Whig, re ceiving 334 majority over William Parmeter, Demo crat, serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1847; declined a re-election; was again elected to the Thirty-second Congress on the ninth successive trial, defeating John W. Palfrey, Free-Soiler, serving from December 1, 1851, to September 24, 1852, when he died at Charlestown, Massachusetts. Thompson, Charles P., was born at Braintree, Massachusetts, July 30, 1827; was educated at the common schools, and at the Hollis Institute, Brain- tree; studied law with Benjamin F. Hallett of Bos ton ; was admitted to the bar in 1854, and remained in Mr. Hallett s office until the spring of 1857, acting as second assistant United-States district-attorney; since then has practised law in Gloucester; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1871, 1872; was elected a representative from Mas sachusetts in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Demo crat, receiving 8,703 votes against 7,731 votes for Benjamin F. Butler, Republican, serving from De cember 6, 1875, to March 3, 1877; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Forty-fifth Con gress, receiving 11,003 votes against 12,119 votes for George B. Loring, Republican. Thompson, George W., was born in Ohio in 1806; received a classical education, graduating at Jefferson College in 1826; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice; was appointed United-States attorney for the district of Virginia in 1849; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Thirty-second Congress as a Democrat, receiving 4,251 votes against 3,850 votes for Haymond, Whig, serving from December 1, 1851, to July 30, 1852, when he resigned to accept a seat on the bench of the Circuit Court, to which he had been elected, de feating Joseph L. Fry. He published " The Living Forces of the Universe," "Address on Common Schools," "Right of Virginia to the North-west Territory," "Life of Lewis Boyd," and several magazine articles. Thompson, Hedge, was born at Salem, New Jersey; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Twentieth Congress, receiving nearly 5,000 " majority, sen-ing from December 3, 1827, to July 20, 1828, when he died at Salem, New Jersey. Thompson, Jacob, was born in Caswell Coun ty, North Carolina, May 15, 1810; received a classical 660 CONGRESSIONAL, DIRECTORY. education, graduating at the University of North Carolina, and afterwards serving there as tutor studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1834 removed to Mississippi in 1835; was elected a repre sentative in the Twenty-sixth Congress as a Demo crat on a general ticket ; re-elected to the Twenty-sev enth Congress as a Democrat on a general ticket; re-elected to the Twenty-eighth Congress as an anti- Hard-paying Democrat on a general ticket ; re-elected to the Twenty-ninth Congress as a Democrat; re- elected to the Thirtieth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 7,191 votes against 6,033 votes for Josselyn, Independent; and was re-elected to the Thirty-iirst Congress as a Democrat, receiving 9,190 votes against 6,301 votes for Bradford, Whig, serving from De cember 2, 1839, until March 3, 1851; declined a re election; was appointed by President Buchanan secretary of the interior March 6, 1857, and resigned January 8, 1861 ; was appointed by the legislature of Mississippi a commissioner to urge North Carolina to secede; was governor of Mississippi 1862-1864; served in the Confederate army as aide-de-camp to General Beauregard, and inspector-general for the department of Mississippi; was a special agent of the Confederate Government in Canada. Thompson, James, was born at Middlesex, Pennsylvania, October 1, 1806; received an academi cal education; learned the art of printing; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1828, and com menced practice at Erie, Pennsylvania ; was a mem ber of the State House of Representatives 1832-1834, presiding during the last year as speaker; was a presidential elector on the Van Buren ticket in 1836; was presiding judge of the Judicial District Court 1838-1844; was elected a representative from Penn sylvania in the Twenty-ninth Congress as a Demo crat; was re-elected to the Thirtieth Congress; was re-elected to the Thirty-first Congress, receiving 7,509 votes against 7,026 votes for Campbell, Whig, and 229 votes for Mann, Free-Soiler, serving from Decem ber 1, 1845, to March 3, 1851; resumed practice; was a judge of the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania 1847- 1852; was made chief justice of the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania in 1866. Thompson, Joel, was born in Albany County, New York ; removed to Smyrna ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1798, 1803, and 18U4; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirteenth Congress as a Federalist, serving from May 24, 1813, to March 2, 1815. Thompson, John, was born at Stillwater, New York; received a public-school education; was for several years one of the officers of Saratoga County; was elected a representative from New York in the Sixth Congress as a Democrat, serving from Decem ber 2, 1799, to March 3, 1801 ; was again elected to the Tenth and Eleventh Congresses, serving from October 26, 1807, to March 3, 1811. Thompson, John, was born at Rhinebeck, New York, July 4, 1809; received a classical education at Union and Yale Colleges; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Poughkeepsie, New York ; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Republican, receiving 9,247 votes against 7,972 votes for Cham- berlin, Democrat, and 3,116 votes for Teller, Ameri can, serving from December 7, 1857, to March 3, 1859. Thompson, John B., was born in Kentucky in 1810; received a good English education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Har- rodsburg; was elected a representative from Ken tucky iu the Twenty-sixth Congress (in place of Simeon H. Anderson, deceased) as a Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress, serving from December 7, 1840, to March 3, 1843; was again elected to the Thirtieth Congress, receiving 6,779 votes against 6,019 votes for C. A. Wickliffe, Demo crat; was re-elected to the Thirty-first Congress, receiving 6,586 votes, with no opposition, servin" from December 6, 1847, to March 3, 1851 ; was elect ed a United-States senator from Kentucky, serving from March 4, 1853, to March 3, 1859; died at Har- rodsburg, Kentuckv, January 7, 1874. Thompson, John M., was born in Butler County, Pennsylvania, January 4, 1830; was edu cated at Witherspoon Institute; studied law with S. A. Purviance; was admitted to the bar in 1855, and practised at Butler, Pennsylvania; was a mem ber of the House of Representatives of Pennsyl vania in 1859 and 1860, the last year its speaker; served as major, and subsequently as lieutenant- colonel, of the One Hundred and Thirty-fourth Regi ment Pennsylvania Volunteers, and participated in the battles of the second Bull Run, Antietam, and Fredericksburg, in the last of which he was wounded; was a delegate at large to the Chicago Convention which nominated General Grant in 1872 ; was the messenger who conveyed the electoral vote of Pennsylvania to Washington ; was elected a repre sentative from Pennsylvania in the Forty-third Con gress as a Republican December 22, 1874 (to fill the vacancy occasioned by the death of Ebenezer Mc- Junkin), receiving a majority of 3,397 votes over R. P. Nevin, Independent, serving from January 5, 1875, to March 3, 1875; was again elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 18,511 votes against 16,486 votes for James Sheakley, Democrat, serving from October 15, 1877. Thompson, Mark, was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Fourth Congress; was re- elected to the Fifth Congress, serving from December 7, 1795, to March 3, 1799. Thompson, Philip, was born in Kentucky ; re sided at Yellow Bank; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Eighteenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1823, to March 3, 1825; was killed in a duel February 20, 1829. Thompson, Philip R., was born in Culpepper County, Virginia, in 1776; was for many years a member of the State House of Representatives ; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Seventh Congress; was re-elected to the Eighth and Ninth Congresses, serving from December 7, 1801, to March 3, 1807; died in Kanawha County, Virginia, July 22, 1857. Thompson, Richard W., was born in Culpep per County, Virginia, June 9, 1809; received a good classical education; removed to Kentucky in 1831, and was a clerk in a small store at Louisville ; re moved to Lawrence County, Indiana ; taught school ; was a clerk, selling goods by day, and studying law by night ; was admitted to the bar in 1834, and com menced practice at Bedford, Indiana; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1834 and 1835, and of the State Senate in 1836 and 1837 ; was a presidential elector on the Harrison and Tyler ticket in 1840; was elected a representative from Indiana in the Twenty-seventh Congress as a Whig, serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1843; was defeated as a Whig candidate for presidential elector on the Clay and Frelinglmysen ticket in 1844; was again elected to the Thirtieth Congress as a Whig, receiving 6,402 votes against 6,224 votes for Wright, Democrat, serving from December 6, 1847, to March 3, 1849; declined a renomination; was offered the Austrian mission by President Taylor, but declined it ; was offered the recordership of the General Land Office by President Fillmore, but declined it; was a delegate to the National Republican Convention of 1869 at Chicago, where he framed and read the plat form; was a presidential elector on the Grant and Johnson ticket in 1864; was a delegate to the Na tional Republican Convention at Chicago in 1868, and at Cincinnati in 1876; was appointed by Presi dent Hayes secretary of the navy March 12, 1877. Thompson, Robert A., was born at Kanawha ourt House, Virginia; was elected a representative :rom Virginia in the Thirtieth Congress as a Demo crat, receiving 3,961 votes against 3,510 votes for McComas, Whig, serving from December 6, 1847, to STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 661 March 3, 1849 ; was defeated as the Democratic can didate for the Thirty-first Congress, receiving 2,087 votes against 2,873 votes for Haymond, Whig; re moved to California, where he was appointed State land commissioner. Thompson, Thomas W., was born at New- bury, Massachusetts, in 1765; received a classical education, graduating at Harvard College in 1786; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Salisbury, New Hampshire, 1790-1810, when he re moved to Concord, and continued practice until 1819; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1813, 1814, and speaker; was elected a representative from New Hampshire in the Ninth Congress, serving from December 2, 1895, until March 3, 1807; was State treasurer of New Hampshire 1809; was ap pointed to the United-States Senate (in the place of Nicholas Gilman, deceased) ; served from September 19, 1814, until March 3, 1817; died at Concord, New Hampshire, in October, 1819. Thompson, Waddy, was born at Pickensville, South Carolina, September 8, 1798; received a classi cal education, graduating at South-Carolina College in 1814; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1819, and commenced practice; was a member of the State legislature ; was solicitor for the Western Circuit of South Carolina; was a brigadier-general of militia; was a presidential elector on the Floyd ticket in 1833; was elected a representative from South Carolina in the Twenty-fourth Congress as a Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-fifth Congress, receiving 500 majority over Norris, Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty-sixth Congress, receiving 1,065 majority, serving from December 7, 1835, to March 3, 1841; was appointed by President Tyler minister to Mexico, serving February 10, 1842-March 9, 1844; died at Tallahassee, Florida, November 23, 1808. He published " Recollections of Mexico." Thompson, W^iley, was born in Amelia Coun ty, Virginia; removed to Georgia, and located at Elberton ; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Seventeenth Congress as a Crawford Demo crat, defeating Thomas W. Cobb; was re-elected to the Eighteenth Congress, receiving 10,371 votes on a general ticket; was re-elected to the Nineteenth, Twentieth, Twenty-first, and Twenty-second Con gresses, serving from December 3, 1821, to March 2, 1833. Thompson, W^illiam, was born in Pennsyl vania ; removed to Iowa, and located at Mount Pleas ant; was elected a representative from Iowa in the Thirtieth Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-first Congress, defeating Jesse 13. Brown, Whig, serving from December 6, 1847, to June 29, 185!J, when his seat was declared vacant by the House ; entered the Union army as captain in the First Iowa Cavalry; was successively promoted to the rank of major and colonel; was brevetted briga dier-general, and commanded a brigade of cavalry; at the close of the war, was appointed captain of cavalry in the regular army; was placed on the re tired list at his own request. Thomson, Alexander, was born in Franklin County. Pennsylvania; served an apprenticeship as a sickle-maker; studied Latin with Judge .Grier; studied law with Judge Riddle; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Chambersburg; was a member of the State House of Representatives; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Eighteenth Congress (in place of John Todd, resigned) ; was re-elected to the Nineteenth Congress, serving from December 0, 1824, to May 1, 1826, when he resigned; was city-judge of Lancaster, and then president-judge of the circuit until 1838; was for some years a professor in the law-school of Marshall College; died at Chambersburg suddenly of paraly sis August 2, 1848. Thomson, John, was born in Franklin County, Pennsylvania, in 1777; received an academic educa tion; studied medicine; was admitted to practice, and located at New Lisbon, Ohio; was for several years a member of the State House of Representa tives ; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Nineteenth Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 5, 1825, to March 3, 1827; was again elect ed to the Twenty-first Congress, defeating John Sloane; was re-elected to the Twenty-second, Twen ty-third, and Twenty-fourth Congresses, serving from December 7, 1829, to March 3, 1837; died at New Lisbon, Ohio, December 2, 1852. Thomson, John R., was born at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, September 5, 1800; entered Princeton College, but left in the junior year to engage in mer cantile pursuits; made a voyage to China in 1817; established himself as a merchant at Canton in 1820, and was United-States consul at that port 1823-1825; returning home, he became a director of the New- Jersey Canal Company; was elected a United-States senator from New Jersey as a Democrat, and re- elected, serving from December 5, 1853, to September 12, 1862, when he died at Trenton, New Jersey. Thorington, James, was born in North Caro lina; received a classical education, graduating at the University of Alabama; studied law; was admit ted to the bar, and commenced practice at Davenport, Iowa; was elected a representative from Iowa in the Thirty-fourth Congress as a Republican, receiving 11,424 votes against 9,873 votes for Hempsted. Demo crat, and serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1857 ; was appointed by President Buchanan United- States consul to Aspinwall. Thornburgh, Jacob M., was born at Newmar ket, East Tennessee, July 3, 1837, and there educat ed at Holston College; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1861, and commenced practice at Knox- ville ; in May, 1862, joined the Federal army in Ken tucky under General George W. Morgan as a private, and was promoted until he became colonel of the Fourth Tennessee Cavalry in June, 1863; served under Generals Rosecrans, Sherman, Thomas, and Canby until the close of the war, when he returned to Jefferson County, East Tennessee, and resumed the practice of law ; in 1867 he removed to Knoxville ; was appointed by Governor Brownlow attorney-gen eral of the Third Judicial District of Tennessee, and was elected to the same position in 1869, and again in 1870; was elected a representative from Tennessee in the Forty-third Congress as a Republican, receiv ing 10,078 votes against 5,619 votes for A. Caldwell, Democrat, and 2,633 votes for A. E. Garrett, Inde pendent; was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Congress, receiving 8,168 votes against 7,338 votes for George W. Mabry, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty- fifth Congress, receiving 14,326 votes against 9,603 votes for W. Cullom, Democrat, serving from De cember 1, 1873. Thornton, Anthony, was born in Bourbon County, Kentucky, November 9, 1814; received a classical education, graduating at Miami University, Ohio; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Shelby ville, Illinois; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention of 1847 and 1862 ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1850; was elected a representative from Illinois in the Thirty-ninth Congress as a Dem ocrat, serving from December 4, 1865, to March 3, 1867. Thornton, Matthew, was .born in Ireland in 1714; immigrated to America when a lad; resided a few years at Wiscasset, then reaioved to Worcester, Massachusetts, where he received an academical ed ucation; studied medicine; was licensed, and com menced practice at Londonderry, New Hampshire; served as surgeon in Pepperell s expedition against Louisburg in 1745; was colonel of a regiment of militia; was a delegate to the convention which de clared the Province of New Hampshire to be thence forth a sovereign State, and its president; was a del egate to the Continental Congress 1776-1778; was chief justice of the County of Hillsborough 1778- 662 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. 1780 ; was judge of the Supreme Court of New Hampshire 1780-1782; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1783, and of the State Sen ate 1784; was a State councillor 1785; died at New- buryport, Massachusetts, June 24, 1804. Throckmorton, James W., was born at Sparta, Tennessee, February 1, 1825; his father emi grated to Texas in 1841; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised; was elected to the State legislature of Texas in 1851, and served continuously as representative and senator until 18(51 ; was a member of the Secession Convention of Texas, and was one of the seven members of that body that voted against the ordinance of secession; served as captain and major in the Confederate service from the spring of 1861 until November, 1803, when he was again returned to the Senate ; in 1804 was ap pointed by the governor brigadier-general of State troops, and commander on the north-west border of the State in May, 1804, under authority of the Con federate-States Government, and also that of the State of Texas; he concluded a treaty with all the wild tribes of Indians on the Texas border, including the Comanches, Lipans, Cheyennes, and other small bands; returned from the plains in the discharge of this duty in June after the surrender; was a delegate to the Constitutional Convention under President Johnson s proclamation, and was chosen the presid ing officer of that body ; was elected governor of the State of Texas for a term of four years ; was inaugu rated August 8, 1800, and removed by order of Gen eral Sheridan August 9, 1807 ; was elected a represen tative from Texas in the Forty-fourth Congress, and was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress as a Demo crat, receiving 24,118 votes against 1,283 votes for J. C. Bigger, Republican. Ttiroop, Enos T., was born at Johnstown, New York, August 21, 1784; received an academical edu cation; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Auburn ; was elected a rep resentative from New York in the Fourteenth Con gress as a Democrat, serving from December 4, 1815, to June, 1810, when he resigned on account of the dissatisfaction of his constituents with his vote on the additional-compensation bill ; was appointed a circuit-judge April 21, 1823; was elected in 1828 lieutenant-governor on the same ticket with Martin Van Buren for governor, and, upon the latter s ap pointment as secretary of state of the United States by President Jackson, became governor of New York March 12, 1829; was elected governor, serving 1830- 1832 ; was appointed by President Van Buren minis ter to Naples, serving from February 0, 1838, to Jan uary 12, 1842 ; passed the remainder of his life at his rural home on the border of Owasco Lake, near Auburn, New York, where he died November 8, 1874. Thruston, Buckner, was born in Virginia in 1763; received a classical education ; removed in early life to Kentucky; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Frankfort; was appointed Unit ed-States judge for the courts of the Territory of Orleans, but declined, as he was elected a United- States senator from Kentucky as a Democrat, serving from December 2, 1805, to July 1, 1809, when he re signed; was appointed by President Madison judge of the United-States Circuit Court of the District of Columbia, which office he held until his death at Washington City August 30, 1845. Thurman, Allen G., was born at Lynchburg, Virginia, November 13, 1813; removed to Ohio in 1819; received an academic education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1835, and practised at Co lumbus, Ohio; was a representative from Ohio in the Twenty-ninth Congress; was elected a judge of the Supreme Court of Ohio in 1851; was chief justice of that court 1854-1850; was the Democratic candidate for governor of Ohio in 1867 ; was elected United- M;iti-s senator from Ohio as a Democrat (in place of Benjamin F. Wade, Republican) ; took his seat March 4, 1869, and was re-elected in 1874. His term of ser vice will expire March 3, 1881. Thurman, John R., was born in the city of New York; received a classical education, graduat ing at Columbia College in 1835; removed to Warren County, New York, to take charge of a large landed estate; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-first Congress as a Whig, receiving 4,070 votes against 3,455 votes for Hedding, Democrat, and 2,828 votes for Lawrence, Van Buren Democrat, and serving from December 3. 184D, to March 3, 1851 ; died at Chestertown, Ne\y York, in 1854. Thurston, Benjamin B., was born at Hopkin- ton, Rhode Island, J une 29, 18 ,)4 ; received a public- school education ; was a clerk in a store, and became a merchant ; was for fourteen years in succession a member of the State House of Representatives; was a presidential elector on the Van Buren ticket in 1837; was lieutenant-governor in 1838; was elected a representative from Rhode Island in the Thirtieth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 2,417 votes against 2,349 votes for Updike, Whig, and 60 votes for Hall, Abolitionist, and serving from December 6, 1847, to March 3, 1849; was defeated as the Coalition candi date for the Thirty-first Congress, receiving 2,197 votes, and 2,882 votes for Dixon, Whig; was again elected to the Thirty-second Congress ; was re-elect ed to the Thirty-third Congress, receiving 4,438 votes against 452 votes for Aldrich, Whig; was re-elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress as an American, re ceiving 4,484 votes against 594 votes scattering, serv ing from December 1, Ib51, to March 3, 1857; re moved to New London, Connecticut. Thurston, Samuel R., was born in Maine; received a classical education, graduating at Bowdoin College in 1843; studied law with R. P. Dunlap; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Linn City, Oregon; was elected a delegate from Oregon Territory In the Thirty-first Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1851; died on the steamer "California," on her passage from Panama to San Francisco, April 9, 1851. Tibbatts, John "W., was born at Lexington, Kentucky, in 1802 ; received an academical educa tion ; studied law with Judge Barry ; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Newport, Kentucky ; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Twen ty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 0,507 votes against 0,164 votes for Wall, Whig; was re- elected to the Twenty-ninth Congress, receiving 232 majority over Gaines, Whig, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1847 ; served in the Mexican war as colonel of the Sixteenth United-States Infantry from March 3, 1847, to August 10, 1848 ; died at New port, Kentucky, July 5, 1852. Tibbitts, George, was born in Rensselaer Coun ty, New York; received a thorough English educa tion; was a member of the State House of Represen tatives in 1802; was elected a representative from New York to the Eighth Congress, serving from Oc tober 17, 1803, to March 3, 1805; was a member of the State Senate 1815-1818; was again a member of the State House of Representatives in 1820; died at Troy, New York. Tichenor, Isaac, was born at Newark, New Jersey, Februarys, 1754; received a classical educa tion, graduating at Princeton College in 1775 ; studied law at Schenectady, New York, and, while there, was appointed assistant commissary-general, and sta tioned at Bennington, Vermont, where he was ad mitted to the bar, and commenced practice; was a member of the Vermont House of Representatives 1781-1784; was State agent to Congress in 1782; was State councillor 1787-1792 ; was a State commissioner for adjusting the controversy with New York 1791; was a member of the Council of Censors in 1792; was judge of the State Supreme Court 1791-1794, and its chief justice 1795-179(5; was elected a United- States senator from Vermont (in place of Moses Robinson, resigned) as a Federalist, serving from STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 6G3 December 6, 17C6, to November 10, 1797, when he resigned; was governor of Vermont 1797-1837 and 1808-1809; was again elected a senator, serving from December 4, 1815, to March 3, 1821 ; died at Benniug- ton, Vermont, December 11, 1838. Tiffin, Edward, was born at Carlisle, England, June 19, 1760; immigrated to the United States in 178(3, and settled in Charlestown, Virginia; studied medicine, and graduated from the University of Pennsylvania in 1789 ; removed to Chillicothe, Ohio, in 1798; was a member of the Territorial House of Representatives in 1799, and its speaker; was a dele gate to the convention which framed the State Con stitution in 1802, and its president ; was elected a United-States senator from Ohio as a Democrat, serving from October 26, 1807, to 1809, when he resigned ; was appointed by President Madison the first commissioner of the General Land Office, serving from May 7, 1812, to October 11, 1814; resigned to accept the position of surveyor-general of the" North western Territory, which position he held until 1828; died at Chillicothe, Ohio, August 9, 1829. Tift, Nelson, resided at Albany, Georgia; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Fortieth Congress as a Republican, receiving 13,645 votes against 11,696 votes for Whitely, Democrat, serving fror.i July 25, 1808, to March 3, 1869. Tilden, Daniel R., was born in Connecticut; received a public-school education; removed to Ohio, and located at Ravenna; was elected a representa tive from Ohio in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Whig, receiving 6,712 votes against 6,310 votes for Lyman, Democrat, and 936 for Hall, Abolitionist; was re-elected to the Twenty-ninth Congress, serv ing from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1847. Tilghman, Matthew, was born on the Eastern Shor3 of Maryland ; was a delegate from Maryland to the Continental Congress 1774-1777. Tillinghast, Joseph L., was born at Taunton, Massachusetts, in 1791 ; removed to Rhode Island in his boyhood ; received a classical education, graduat ing at Brown University in 1819 ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Providence, Rhode Island; was for a number of years a member of the State House of Representa tives, and several times elected its speaker; was elected a representative from Rhode Island in the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-sixth and Twenty-seventh Congresses, serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1843; died at Providence, Rhode Island, December 30, 1844. Tillinghast, Thomas, was born at East Green wich, Rhode Island, August 21, 1742; received an academical education; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1772 and 1773; was commissioned in the Rhode-Island militia in 1770; held several offices under the Revolutionary authori ties ; was again a member of the State House of Rep resentatives 1773-1780; was appointed a judge of the Court of Common Pleas in 1779 ; was elected asso ciate justice of the State Supreme Court in 1780, serving until 1797; was elected a representative from Rhode Island in the Fifth Congress (in place of Elisha R. Potter, resigned), receiving 53 majority, serving from November 13, 1797, to March 3, 1799; was a^ain elected to the Seventh Congress, serving from December 7, 1801, to March 3, 1803; died at East Greenwich, Rhode Island, August 26, 1821. Tillman, Lewis, was born in Bedford County, Tennessee, August 18, 1816; received a public-school education; never studied any profession; was a fanner by occupation ; served a campaign as private against the Seminole Indians in 1830; was clerk of the Circuit Court from 1852 to I860; was appointed clerk and master of the Chancery Court in March, 1865, and has held the office until recently; was a Whig so long as there was a Whig party, and after wards a Republican; was one of the signers to the call put forth in the fall of 1864 for the convention that abolished slavery in Tennessee; was elected a representative from Tennessee in the Forty-first Con gress as a Republican, receiving 3,795 votes against 3,363 votes for Sheafe, Democrat, serving frcin March 4, 1809, to March 3, 1871. Tillotson, Thomas, resided in Dutchess County, New York; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1788-1790; was a member of the State Senate 1791-1799; was elected a representative from New York in the Seventh Congress, but re fused to take his seat. Tilton, James, was born in Kent County, Dela ware, June 1, 1745; received an academical educa tion; studied medicine; graduated at the Philadel phia Medicul School in 1771, and commenced practice at Dover, Delaware ; entered the Revolutionary army in 1770 as surgeon of a Delaware regiment; was com missioned surgeon-general in 1777, and held that position until peace was declared, when he resumed practice at Dover; was a delegate from Delaware in the Continental Congress 1733-1785; was repeatedly a member of the State House of Representatives; was commissioner of loans 17?5-1801 ; was physician and surgeon-general of the United-States army June 13, 1813-June 15, 1815; removed to the vicinity cf Wilmington, Delaware, where he cultivated a small farm, on which he died May J4, 1822. He published a work on "Military Hos pitals," "Answers to Queries on the State of Husbandry in Delaware," and several agricultural and medical essays. Tiptpn, John, was born in Sevicr County, Ten nessee, in August, 1785; his father having been killed by the Indians in 17D3, he did not even enjay the ad vantages of a public-school education, having to sup port a mother, two sisters, and a half-brother; iu 1007 he removed with them to Indiana, where lie purchased fifty acres of land, paying for it by split ting rails at fifty cents a hundred ; was elected ensign of that noted frontier company, the " Yellow Jack ets/ in 1811, and served with them in the Tippc- canoe campaign; was chosen sheriff of Harrison County, Indiana, in 1815; was elected master of Pisgah Lodge of Freemasons in 1819, and was grand master of Masons in Indiana in 1819 and 1829; was elected a member of the House of Representatives in the State legislature in 1821 ; was United-states Indian agent with the Miami and Pottawattomie tribes from 1824 until 1831, when he was elected by the legislature United-States senator (to fill the va cancy occasioned by the death of James Noble) ; was re-elected for a full term, and served from January 3, 1832, until his death, April 5, 1839, of pulmonary apoplexy, at Logansport, Indiana. Tipton, Thomas P., was born in Franklin County, Ohio, August 29, 1833; removed when ten years of age to McLean County, Illinois; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1854; was State s attorney for the Eighth Judicial District of Illinois from January, 1867, to December, 1863; was elected circuit-judge of the Eighth Judicial Circuit in 1870, and, on the re-organization of the Circuit Court under the new Constitution, was re-elected circuit-judge of the Fourteenth Judicial Circuit ; was elected a repre sentative from Illinois in the Forty-fifth Congress as a Republican, receiving 15,229 votes against 14,977 votes for Adlai E. Stevenson, Independent Reformer, serving from October 15, 1877. Tipton, Thomas W., was born at Cadiz, Ohio, August 5, 1817; graduated at Madison College, Pennsylvania; studied and practised law; was a member of the State legislature of Ohio in 1845; went to Nebraska, and was elected to a Constitu tional Convention of Nebraska; was a member of the Territorial Council of Nebraska in 1860; hav ing studied theology, and being eligible to a chap laincy, he served in the Union army in that capacity during the war for the suppression of the Rebellion ; was elected United-States senator from Nebraska, and re-elected, serving from March 4, 1867, to March 3, 1875. CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Titus, Obadiah, resided at Washington, New York; was elected a representative from New York In the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1839. Todd, John, was born at Hartford, Connecticut, in 1771); was elected a representative from Pennsyl vania in the Seventeenth Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Eighteenth Congress, serving from December 3, 1821, to March 3, 1825; was ap pointed president-judge of the Court of Common Pleas of the Sixteenth Judicial District, and subse quently an associate judge of the State Supreme Court:" died at Bedford, Pennsylvania, Apjil 4, 1830. Toe Kentu to _. . West Point in 1832, graduating in 183 <; was second lieutenant of the Sixth Infantry July 1, 1837, first lieutenant December 10, 1837, and captain November 8, 1843; resigned, and became an Indian trader; was elected a delegate from Dakota Territory in the Thirty-seventh Congress as a Democrat; was re- elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress (having suc cessfully contested the election of William Jayne), serving from July 4, 1861, to March 3, 1865; was ap pointed a brigadier-general in the Union army in 1832, and commanded a division in the Army of the Tennessee ; died at Yankton, Dakota Territory, Jan uary 5, 1872. Todd, Lemuel, was born July 29, 1817, at Car lisle, Pennsylvania, where he has resided ever since; graduated at Dickinson College; studied and prac tised law; was elected a representative from Penn sylvania in the Thirty-fourth Congress as a Whig, receiving 10,472 votes against 8,319 votes for Bon- ham, Democrat, serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1857; was defeated as the Union candidate for the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving 9,670 votes against 11,191 votes for Ahl, Democrat; served during part of the Rebellion as major of the First Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteer Reserve Corps, and afterwards as inspector-general of Pennsylvania on Governor Curtin s staff; and was elected a rep resentative from Pennsylvania in the Forty-third Congress as one of the three congressmen at large as a Republican, receiving 357,743 votes against 311,030 votes for R. Vaux, Democrat, serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1875. Toland, George W., was born at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; received a classical education, gradu ating at Princeton College in 1816; was elected a rep resentative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Whig, receiving 5,313 votes against 3,078 votes for Morris Longstreth; was re-elected to the Twenty-sixth Congress, receiving over 2,500 majority; was re-elected to the Twenty-seventh Con gress, serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1848, Tomkins, Caleb, was born in Westchester County, New York; resided at White Plains; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1804- 1806; was elected a representative from New York in the Fifteenth Congress; was re-elected to the Sixteenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1817, to March 3, 1821. Tomkins, Christopher, resided at Glasgow, Kentucky; was a lawyer and a judge of the State Circuit Court; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Twenty-second Congress as a Whig, receiving 10 majority over Elijah Hise, Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty-third Congress, receiv ing 1,726 votes against 1,648 votes for Elijah Hise, Democrat, serving from December 5, 1831, to March 3, 1835; died at Glasgow, Kentucky, in 1845. Tomkins, Cydnor B., was born in Belmont County, Ohio, November 8, 1810; received a classical education, graduating at the Ohio University; was reared on a farm ; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at McConnellsville; was elected a representative from Ohio in the ing 7,677 votes against 6,855 votes for G. W. Many- penny, Democrat, serving from December 7, 1857, to March 3, 1861. Tomkins, Daniel D., was born at Searsdale, New York, June 21, 1774; received a classical edu cation, graduating at Columbia College in 1795; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1797. and commenced practice at New York; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention in 1801 ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1803; was elected a representative from New York in the Ninth Congress as a Democrat, but resigned before taking his seat to accept an appointment on the bench of the Supreme Court, serving from July 2, 1804, to June 9, 1807 ; was governor of the State of New York 1807-1817 ; was elected Vice-President on the Monroe ticket in 1817. receiving 183 of the 217 votes cast; and was re-elected in 1821, receiving 215 of the 228 votes cast, serving March 4, 1817- March 3, 1825 ; was a delegate to the State Constitu tional Convention of August-November, 1821, and its president ; was a prominent Freemason, and grand master of the Grand Lodge of New York in 1820; died on Staten Island, New York, June 11, 1825. Tomlinson, Gideon, was born at Stratford, Connecticut, December 31, 1780; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1802: stud ied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Fairfield; was elected a representative from Connecticut in the Sixteenth Congress; was re-elected to the Seventeenth, Eighteenth, and Nine teenth Congresses, serving from December 6, 1819, to March 3, 1827; was governor of Connecticut 1827- 1831, when he resigned, having been elected a United-States senator from Connecticut, serving from Decembers, 1831, to March 3, 1837; died at Fairfield, Connecticut, October 8, 1854. Tomlinson, Thomas A., was born in New York; resided at Keeseville; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1835-1836; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-seventh Congress as a Whig, receiving 5,906 votes against 5,107 votes for Augustus C. Hand, Democrat, serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1843. Tompkins, Patrick W., was bom in Ken tucky; had a scanty English education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Vicksburg, Mississippi ; was elected a representa tive from Mississippi in the Thirtieth Congress as a Whig, receiving 6,939 votes against 6,390 votes for Roberts, Democrat, serving from December 6, 1847, to March 3, 1849 ; removed to California soon after the discovery of gold there, and died at San Fran cisco May 16, 1853. Toombs, Robert, was born in Wilkes County, Georgia, July 2, 1810; received a classical education, graduating at Union College, New York; studied law at the University of Virginia under Judge Lomas; was admitted to the bar (by special act of the legis lature, when a minor) in 1829. and commenced prac tice at Washington, Wilkes County; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Twenty-ninth Congress as a State-rights Whig, receiving 1,121 majority over E. J. Black, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirtieth Congress, receiving 1,416 majority over E. J. Black, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Thirty-first Congress, receiving 4,232 votes against 2.551 votes for Lawson; was re-elected to the Thirty-second Congress, receiving 4,232 vote* against 2,538 votes for McMillan, serving from De cember 1, 1845, to March 3, 1853; was elected a United-States senator from Georgia as a State- rights Democrat, and re-elected, serving from March 4,"l853, to March 3, 1861 ; was a deputy to the Pro visional Congress of the Confederate States which assembled at Montgomery, Alabama, and adjourned STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 665 to Richmond ; was the first secretary of state of the Confederate States, serving from February 21, 1861, to July 30, 18(31, when he resigned to accept a brigadier-general s commission in the Confederate army ; was assigned, March 4, 1803, to the command of a brigade of Georgia troops in Longstreet s Corps, Army of Northern Virginia ; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention of 1876. Toucey, Isaac, was born at Newtown, Con necticut, November 5, 1796; received a classical education; studied law at Newtown with Judge Chapman; was admitted to the bar in 1818, and commenced practice at Hartford; was State attor ney for Hartford County 1822-1825; was elected a representative from Connecticut in the Twenty- fourth Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty-fifth Congress, serving from December 7, 1S35, to March 3, 1839 ; was defeated as the Demo cratic candidate for the Twenty-sixth Congress, re ceiving 4,108 votes against 5,180 votes for Joseph Trumbull, Whig; was again State attorney for Hart ford County 1842-1844; was defeated as Democratic candidate for governor of Connecticut in 1845 by Roger S. Baldwin; was defeated as Democratic can didate for governor in 1846 on the popular vote, but was elected by the legislature; was defeated as Democratic candidate for governor in 1847 by Clark Bissell ; was appointed by President Polk attorney- general of the United States, serving from June 21, 1848, to March 3, 1849 ; was a member of the State Senate in 1850, and of the State House of Represen tatives in 1852 ; was elected a United-States senator from Connecticut as a Democrat, serving from May 14, 1852, to March 3, 1857 ; was appointed by Presi dent Buchanan secretary of the navy, serving from March 6, 1857, to March 3, 1861 ; died at Hartford, Connecticut, July 30, 1869. Towns, George W., was born in Wilkes County, Georgia, May 4, 1892; was self-educated; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1824, and commenced practice in Alabama; returned to Geor gia in 1826, and located at Talbotton ; was for several years a member of the State House of Representa tives; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Twenty-fourth Congress as a Union Democrat, receiving 27,675 votes against 24,662 votes for New man, State-rights, serving from December 7, 1835, to September 1, 1836, when he resigned ; was again elected to the Twenty-fifth Congress, receiving 29,600 votes against 28,805 votes for Alford, State-rights, serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1839; was again elected to the Twenty-ninth Congress (in place of Washington Poe, resigned) as a Democrat, defeating Ambrose Baber, Whig, serving from Janu ary 27, 1846, to March 3, 1847; was governor of Georgia 1847-1851 ; died at Macon, Georgia, July 15, 1854. Townsend, Amos, was born in Fayette Coun ty, Pennsylvania, in 1831; removed at an early age to Ohio, and became a citizen of Cleveland ; was for ten years a member of the city council, serving seven of those years as its president ; was* a member of the State Constitutional Convention in 1873; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Forty- fifth Congress as a Republican, receiving 17,891 votes against 14,521 votes for H. B. Payne, Demo crat, serving from October 15, 1877. Townsend, Dwight, was born in New- York City in 1826; was educated at the grammar-school of Columbia" College, New York; entered mercantile life when twenty-one years of age, and retired from business in 1862; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-eighth Congress (to fill a vacancy caused by the resignation of Henry G. Steb- bins), serving from December 5, 1864, to March 3, 1865 ; was elected to the Forty-second Congress as a Democrat, receiving 12,632 votes against 11,466 votes for C. C. Norvell, Republican, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1873. Townsend, George, was born in Queen s Coun ty, New York ; resided at Oyster Bay ; was elected a representative from New York in the Fourteenth Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Fif teenth Congress, serving from December 4, 1815, to March 3, 1819. Townsend, James, was born in Queen s Coun ty, New York; was elected a representative from New York in the Second Congress, but died at Oys ter Bay before taking his seat, in May, 1791. Townsend, Martin I., was born at Hancock, Massachusetts, February 6, 1810; graduated at Wil liams College, Massachusetts, in 1833, and removed from Williamstown to Troy, where he has since resided; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1836, and continues to practise; was district-attor ney for Rensselaer County in 1842-1845 ; was a mem ber of the Constitutional Convention for the State at large in 1867-1868 ; is now a regent of the University of the State of New York; was elected a repre sentative from New York in the Forty-fourth Con gress as a Republican, receiving 15,445 votes against 14,931 votes for Charles Hughes, Democrat ; was re- elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 19,689 votes against 17,448 votes for Roswell A. Parmeuter, Democrat, serving from December 6, 1875. Townsend, Norton S., was bom in England; immigrated to the United States, and settled at Avon, Ohio; held several local oftices; was elected a repre sentative from Ohio in the Thirty-second Congress as a Democrat, receiving 6,677 votes against 6,230 votes, for Worcester, Whig, serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1853. Townsend, "Washington, was born in West Chester, Pennsylvania, in 1813 ; received an academic education; became a teller in the Bank of Chester County, Pennsylvania, in 1832; while so employed, studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1844; was deputy-attorney under Attorneys-General Darragh and Cooper; was made cashier of the bank above named in 1849, and resigned in 1857 to resume the practice of the law, in which he has continued ever since; was a delegate to the Baltimore National Whig Convention of 1852 and the Chicago National Republican Convention of 1860; was elected a repre sentative from Pennsylvania in the Forty-first Con gress as a Republican, receiving 12,771 votes against 9,481 votes for Monagan, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress, receiving 10,408 votes against 8,231 votes for J. II. Askin, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress, receiving 14,011 votes against 8,819 votes for F. Taylor, Liberal Republican; was re-elected to the Forty- fourth Congress as a Republican, receiving 9,485 votes against 6,916 votes for J. L. Forwood, Demo crat, serving from March 4, 1869, to March 3, 1877. Townshend, Richard W., was born in Prince George County, Maryland, April 30, 1840; went to Washington City when ten years of age, and was there educated at public and private schools ; was a page in the House of Representatives; removed to Illinois in 1858; taught school in Fayette County; studied law with S. S. Marshall at MacLeansborough; was admitted to the bar in 1862, and has since prac tised; was clerk of the Circuit Court of Hamilton County 1863-1868 ; was prosecuting-attorney for the Twelfth Judicial Circuit 1868-1872; removed in 1873 from MacLeansborough to Shawneetown, where he was an officer of the Gallatin National Bank ; was a member of the Democratic State Central Committee of Illinois 1864, 1865, 1874, and 1875 ; was a delegate to the National Democratic Convention at Baltimore in 1872; was elected a representative from Illinois in the Forty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 12,722 votes against 8,516 votes for Edward Bonham, Republican, and 7,523 votes for W. B. Anderson, In dependent Reformer, serving from October 15, 1S77. Tracy, Albert H., was born at Norwich, Con necticut, June 17, 1793; received a classical educa tion; studied medicine with his father; when eigh teen years of age he removed to New- York State; 666 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. sludied law with his brother at Madison; was admit ted to the bar in 1815, and commenced practice at Buffalo; was elected a representative from New York in the Sixteenth Congress as a Conservative Democrat; was re-elected to the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Congresses, serving from December 6, 1819, to March 3, 1825; was offered a seat in the cabinet by President John Quincy Adams, and de clined it; was a member of the State Senate 1830- 1837; was defeated as the Whig candidate for United- States senator in 1839 by X. P. Talmadge ; was offered a seat in the cabinet by President Tyler, and declined it; died at Buffalo, Xew York, September 12, 1859. Tracy, Andrew, was born in Vermont ; received an academical education ; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Woodstock, Vermont; was for several years a member of the State House of Representatives, serving as speaker 1842-1845, and was also a member of the State Sen ate ; was elected a representative from Vermont in the Thirty-third Congress as a Whig, receiving 9,319 votes against 3,201 votes for Kellogg, Democrat, 2,928 votes for Fletcher, Free-Soiler, 1,075 votes for Henry, Democrat, 436 votes for Bartlett, Democrat, and 239 votes scattering, and serving from Decem ber 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855; died at Woodstock, Vermont, October 28, 1868. Tracy, Henry W\, was born in Luzerne Coun ty, Pennsylvania, September 24, 1807; received a public-school education; was reared a farmer, but engaged also in mercantile pursuits ; was a delegate to the National Republican Convention in 1860; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1861 and 1862; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-eighth Congress as an In dependent Republican, receiving 9,520 votes against 7,703 votes for Clark, Republican, serving from De cember 7, 1863, to March 3, 1865. Tracy, Phineas L., was born at Norwich, Con necticut; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1800; removed to New York, and settled at Batavia; was elected a representative from New York in the Twentieth Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty-first Con- taress, receiving 2,481 majority; was re-elected to the Twenty-second Congress, serving from December 3, 1827, to March 2, 1833. Tracy, Uri, was born at Franklin, Connecticut ; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1789 ; removed to New York, and settled at Oxford; was elected a representative from New York in the Ninth Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 2, 1805, to March 3, 1807 ; was again elected to the Eleventh Congress, and re-elected to the Twelfth Congress, serving from May 22, 1809, to March 3, 1813. Tracy, Uriah, was born at Franklin, Connecti cut, February 2, 1855 ; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1778; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Litchfield ; was several years a member of the State House of Representatives, and speaker of the House in 1793; was elected a representative from Connect icut in the Third Congress as a Federalist; was re-elected to the Fourth Congress, serving from De cember 2,. 1793, to December 0, 1790, when, having been elected a United-States senator from Connecti cut (in place of Jonathan Trumbull, resigned), he took his seat in the Senate, serving until July 19, 1807. when he died at Washington City. Traf ton, Mark, was born in Maine ; received an academic education; studied theology, and was the pastor of a church in Westfield, Massachusetts ; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Thirty-fourth Congress as an American, receiving 0,610 votes against 3,998 votes for J. Z. Goodrich, Whig, and 2,583 for W. Griswold and scattering, and serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1857; was defeated as the American candidate for the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving 4,282 votes against 0,823 votes for Henry L. Dawes, Republican, and 4,533 votes for J. D. Weston, Democrat ; resumed his ministerial labors, and was pastor of a church at Mount Wollaston. Train, Charles R., was born at Framingham, Massachusetts, October 18, 1817 ; received a classical education, graduating at Brown University in 1837 ; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1841, and commenced practice at Framingham; was district- attorney for six years; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1847-1848; was a mem ber of the Executive Council in 1857-1858 ; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Thirty- sixth Congress as a Republican, receiving 6,196 votes against 3,^514 votes for Butler, Democrat, and 576 votes for Temple, American ; was re-elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress, receiving 9,272 votes against 2,390 votes for Brown, 2,239 votes for Faulkner, and 391 votes for Abbott, serving from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 1863; served in the Union army as a volunteer aide-de-camp to General McClellan; re moved to Boston; was again a member of the State House of Representatives 1868-1871; was attorney- general of Massachusetts 1871-1878. Trapier, Paul, was a delegate to the Continental Congress from South Carolina 1777-1778. Treadwell, John, was born at Farmington, Connecticut, November 23, 1745 ; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1767; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and com menced practice at Farmington ; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1776-1785; was a member of the Continental Congress 1785-1786 ; was a member of the State Council 1786-1797 ; was lieu tenant-governor of Connecticut in 1798; was judge of probate 1789-1809; was active in the promotion of religious and educational enterprises; died at Farmington, Connecticut, August 19, 1823. Tredway, William M., was born in Virginia; resided at Danville; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Twenty-ninth Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1847 ; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Thirtieth Congress, receiving 649 votes against 650 votes for Thomas S. Flournoy, Whig. Tredwell, Thomas (grandfather of Thomas Tredwell Davis), was born at Smithtown, Long Is land, in 1742; received a classical education, graduat ing at Princeton College in 1704 ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Plattsburg, of which he was one of the original pro prietors; was a delegate to the Provisional Congress of New York 1774-1775 ; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention of 1770-1777 ; was a mem ber of the State House of Representatives 1777-1778; was first judge of the Court of Probate 1786- 1787; was a member of the State Senate 1780-1789; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention of 1788; was surrogate of Suffolk County 1787-1791; was elected a representative from New York in the Second Congress, and re-elected to the Third Con gress, serving from October 24, 1791, to March 3, 1795 ; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Con vention of 1801 ; was a member of the State Senate 1803-1807; was surrogate of Clinton County 1807- 1831; died at Plattsburg, New York, January 30, 1832. Tremain, Lyman, was born in Durham, New York, June 14, 1819; received an academic educa tion; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1840, and practised at Albany; was elected supervisor of Durham in 1842; was appointed district-attorney of Greene County in 1844 ; was elected county-judge and surrogate of Greene County in 1840 ; was elected at torney-general of the State of New York in 1858 ; was electe d in 1866 member of the Assembly from the city of Albany, and was speaker of the Assembly for the year 1867; was elected a representative from New York in the Forty-third Congress from the State at large as a Republican, receiving 438,456 votes against STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 667 400,097 votes for S. S. Cox, Democrat and Liberal, serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1875. Trezvant, James, was born in Sussex County, Virginia; received an academical education; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice at Jerusalem, Virginia; was attorney for the State; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention of 1820; was a member of the State House of Representatives; was elected a representa tive from Virginia in the Nineteenth Congress, defeat ing Richard Eppes; was re-elected to the Twentieth and Twenty-lirst Congresses, serving from December 5, 1825, to March 3, 1831; died in Southampton County, Virginia, September 2, 1841. Trigg, Abram, was elected a representative from Virginia in the Fifth Congress; was re-elected to the Sixth, Seventh, Eighth, Ninth, and Tenth Congresses, serving from May 15, 1797, to March 3, 1800. _ Trigg, John, was elected a representative from Virginia in the Fifth Congress ; was re-elected to the Sixtb. Seventh, and Eighth Congresses, serving from May 15, 1797, to May 17, 1804, when he died. Trimble, Gary A., was horn at Hillsborough, Ohio, September 13, 1813; received a classical educa tion, graduating at the Ohio University in 1833; studied medicine, graduating from the Cincinnati Medical College in 1836; was demonstrator of anat omy at the Cincinnati Medical College 1837-1841 ; his health failing, he retired from his profession, and devoted himself to farming; was elected a represen tative from Ohio in the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Republican, receiving 10,582 votes against 8,643 votes for Miller, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty- seventh Congress, receiving 11,593 votes against 11,025 votes for Hutchinson, Democrat, serving from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 1803 ; was defeated as the Republican candidate for the Thirty-eighth Con gress, receiving 8,087 votes against 13,721 votes for W. E. Finck, Democrat. Trimble, David, was born in Frederick County, Virginia, in June, 1782; received a classical educa tion, graduating at William and Mary College; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and com menced practice at Mount Sterling; served under General Harrison in the war of 1812; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Fifteenth Con gress as a Democrat, defeating George Stockton ; was re-elected to the Sixteenth Congress ; was re-elected to the Seventeenth Congress, receiving 1,200 ma jority over Thomas Fletcher; was re-elected to the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Congresses without op position, serving from December 1, 1817, to March 3, 1827. Trimble, John, was born in Roane County, Tennessee, February 7, T512; was educated at the Nashville University; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Nashville; was attorney- general of Tennessee from 1830 to 1842; was a mem ber of the State House of Representatives from Tennessee in 1843 and 1844; was a member of the State Senate of Tennessee in 1845, 1846, and again in 1859, 1860, and 1861, when he resigned, and again in 1865, 1866, and 1867, when he resigned; was United-States attorney from 1862 to 1864, when he resigned; was elected* a representative from Ten nessee in the Fortieth Congress as a National Republican, receiving 9,357 votes against 3,163 votes for Baylie Peyton, Democrat, and 480 votes for D. H. Mason, Radical, serving from November 21, 1867, to March 3, 1869. Trimble, Lawrence S., was born at Fleming, Kentucky, August 26, 1825; received an academic education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Paducah ; was a member of the State legislature of Kentucky in 1851 and 1852; was jud ^e of the Equity and Criminal Court of the First Judicial Circuit of Kentucky from 1856 to 1860; was president of the New-Orleans and Ohio Railroad Company from 1860 to October, 1865; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Thirty-ninth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 5,749 votes against 3,542 votes for Bradley, Republican ; was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, receiving 9,787 votes against 1,780 votes for Symes, Republican; was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress, receiving 13,608 votes against 1,731 votes for Marshall, Republican, and 293 scattering, serving from December 4, 1865, to March 3, 1871. Trimble, William A., was born at Woodford, Kentucky, April 4, 1786; received a classical educa tion, graduating at Transylvania College; studied law with Judge Robert Trimble; was admitted to the bar in 1811, and commenced practice at High land, Ohio; served in the war of 1812 as major" of Ohio volunteers; was taken prisoner at the sur render of Detroit; was adjutant of a regiment com manded by his brother in the campaign against the Pottawattamie Indians; was appointed major of the Sixth United-States Infantry in 1813; distinguished himself, and was severely wounded at the sortie of Fort Erie ; was lieutenant-colonel of the First United- States Infantry from 1814 until he was elected a United-States senator from Ohio, serving from De cember 6, 1819, to December 13, 1821, when he died; he had attended the conference held with the In dians at Fort Chicago and at Green Bay; on the journey, he so suffered from the inclemency of the weather and his war-wounds, that he became ill, re maining some time on a sick-bed at Albany; and then proceeded to Washington City, where his health declined until he died. Triplett, Philip, was born in Virginia; re moved to Kentucky, and settled at Oweiisborough ; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Twenty-sixth Congress as a Whig, receiving 1,000 majority over Cornelius Burnett, Democrat; was re- elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress, serving from December 2, 1839. to March 3, 1843. Trippe, Robert P., was born in Georgia; re ceived a classical education, graduating at Franklin College; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice atForsyth; was elected a repre sentative from Georgia in the Thirty-fourth Con gress as an American, receiving 6,112 votes against 5,216 votes for Smith, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving 5,803 votes against 5,423 votes for I). J. Bailey, Democrat, serv ing from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1859 ; was a representative from Georgia in the First Confederate Congress, serving from February 22, 1862, to Febru ary 22, 1864. Trotter, P. James, was elected a United-States senator from Mississippi (in place of John Black, re signed) as a Democrat, serving from February 19, 1838, to July 10, 1838, when he resigned. Trotti, S. W., resided atBarnwell Court House, South Carolina; was elected a representative from South Carolina in the Twenty-seventh Congress (in place of Samson H. Butler, resigned), serving from December 17, 1842, to March 3, 1843. Troup, George Mclnt9sh, was born at Mcln- tosh s Bluff, on the Tombigbee River, Alabama, September 8, 1780; received a classical education, graduating at Princeton College; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1799, and commenced practice at Savannah, but paid little attention to the profes sion ; was a member of the State House of Represen tatives 1800-1805; was elected a representative from Georgia iu the Tenth Congress as a State-rights Democrat on a general ticket; was re-elected to the Eleventh, Twelfth, and Thirteenth Congresses, serv ing from October 26, 1807, to March 2, 1815; was elected a United-States senator from Georgia (iu place of William W. Bibb, resigned) as a State-rights Democrat, serving from December 12, 1816, to 1819, when he resigned ; was again elected a senator, serv ing from December 7, 1829, to March 2, 1833; died iu Lawrens County, Georgia, May 3, 1856. His " Life " was published by E. J. Harden. 668 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Trout, Michael C., was born in Pennsylvania; resided at Sharon; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 5,369 votes against 5,340 votes for Allen. Whig, serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855; WM defeated as the Democratic can didate for the Thirty-fourth Congress, receiving 5,172 votes against 7,808 votes for Allison, Whig. Trowbridge, Rowland B., was born at El- mira. New York, June 18, 1821 ; went to Michigan when a lad; graduated at Kenyon College, Ohio; was a fanner; was a member of the State Senate of Michigan from 1850 until 1800; was elected a repre sentative from Michigan in the Thirty-seventh Con gress as a Republican, receiving 23,078 votes against JS.-.S7 votes for Thompson, Democrat, serving from July 4, 1801, to March 3, 1863; was again elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiving 12,647 votes against 11,937 votes for Baldwin, Democrat; was re- elected to the Fortieth Congress as a Republican, receiving 14,004 votes against 11,646 votes for Ban croft, Democrat, serving from December 4, 1865, to March 3, 1869. Trumbo, Andrew, was born in Montgomery County (now Bath), Kentucky, September 13, 1799; received a public-school education ; at the age of fif teen he went into the county-clerk s office, and after wards became clerk; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1824, and commenced practice at Owings- ville; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Twenty-ninth Congress as a Whig, serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1847; was a presidential elector on the Taylor and Filhnore tick et in 1848. Trumbull, Jonathan (brother of Joseph Trum- bull, and father of Joseph Trumbull, jun.), was born at Lebanon, Connecticut, March 26, 1740; received a classical education, graduating at Harvard College in 1759; was a member of the Colonial legislature of Connecticut for several years; was appointed by the Continental Congress paymaster-general of the Northern Military Department in 1775, and served until 1778, when he resigned to settle the accounts of his brother, Colonel Joseph Trumbull, commis sary-general of the United States; was appointed by General Washington senior aide-de-camp in 1780, and was a member of his staff until the close of the war; was elected to the State House of Representa tives, and was chosen its speaker in 1788-1789 ; was elected a representative from Connecticut in the First Congress as a Federalist; was re-elected to the Second Congress, and chosen speaker of the House October 24, 1791 ; was re-elected to the Third Con gress; was elected United-States senator (in place of Stephen M. Mitchell, resigned), taking his seat June 8, 1795, but resigned when elected in 1796 lieuten ant-governor of Connecticut, serving from March 4, 1789, until June 26, 1795; became, by the death of Governor Wolcott, governor in May, 1798; and was annually re-elected eleven successive times as a Federalist, until he died of dropsy of the heart Au gust 7, 1809. Trumbull, Joseph (brother of Jonathan Tram- bull, and uncle of Joseph Trumbull, jun.), was born March 11, 1737; received a classical education, grad uating at Harvard College in 1756; was a delegate from Connecticut to the Continental Congress 1774- 1775; was commissary-general of the Revolutionary army July 19, 1775-August 2, 1777 ; was a commis sioner for the Board of War November 27, 1777-April 18, 1778, when he resigned on account of ill health; died July I :!, 1778. Trunibull, Joseph, jun. (son of Jonathan Tnimbiill, and nephew of Joseph Trumbull), was born at Lebanon, Connecticut, December 7, 1782; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1 : Studied law; was admitted to the bar at Wind- Iran] in LSI 1:5, and commenced practice at Hartford in 904; n-tin-d from his profession in 1828, and be came president of the Hartford Bank; was a mem ber of the State House of Representatives in 1832; was elected a representative from Connecticut in the Twenty-third Congress (in place of William W. Ells worth, resigned) as a Whig, receiving 16,137 votes against 15,915 votes for Loomis, Democrat, serving from December 1, 1834, to March 3, 1835; was again elected to the Twenty-sixth Congress; was re-elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress, receiving 1,275 ma jority, serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1843; was again a member of the State House of Representatives in 1848; was governor of Connecti cut in 1849-1850; was again a member of the State House of Representatives in 1851. Trumbull, Lyman, was born at Colchester, Connecticut, October 12, 1813; studied law; was ad mitted to the bar in Georgia, and commenced prac tice in Illinois; was a member of the legislature of Illinois in 1840; was secretary of state of Illinois in 1841 and 1842; was justice of the Supreme Court of Illinois from 1848 to 1853; was a representative in the Thirty-fourth Congress; was elected United- States senator from Illinois as a Republican (to suc ceed James Shields, Democrat), and was twice re- elected, serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1873; resumed the practice of law at Chicago. Tuck, Amos, was born at Parsonsfield, Maine; received a classical education, graduating at Dart mouth College in 1835; was a tutor in that institu tion; studieil law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Exeter, New Hampshire : was elected a representative from New Hampshire in the Thirtieth Congress as an Independent, receiving 5,608 votes against 4,025 votes for Jenness, Demo crat, and 84 scattering ; was re-elected to the Thirty- first Congress as a Free-Soiler, receiving 6,971 votes against 6,038 votes for Kittridge, Democrat ; was re- elected to the Thirty-second Congress as a Whig and Free-soil candidate, receiving 7,791 votes against 7,416 votes for Kittridge, Opposition, serving from December 6, 1847, to March 3, 1853 ; was defeated as the Whig candidate for the Thirty-third Congress, receiving 8,962 votes against 10,168 votes for" Kit tridge, Democrat ; was appointed naval officer of the port of Boston by President Lincoln. Tucker, Ebenezer, was born at Burlington, New Jersey, in 1758 ; served in the Revolutionary war ; was postmaster and collector of customs at Burling ton, New Jersey ; removed to Tuckerton ; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Nineteenth Congress ; was re-elected to the Twentieth Congress, receiving 4,896 majority, serving from December 5, 1825, to March 3, 1829; was judge of the Court of Common Pleas, justice of the Court of the Quarter Sessions, and judge of the Orphans Court; died at Tuckerton, New Jersey, September 5, 1845. Tucker, George, was born in Bermuda in 1775; removed to Virginia; received a classical education, graduating at William and Mary College in 1797; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Lynchburg, Virginia; was a member of the State House of Representatives; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Sixteenth Con gress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Seven teenth and Eighteenth Congresses without opposi tion, serving from December 6, 1819, to March 3, 1825; was professor of moral philosophy and political economy in the University of Virginia 1825-1845; died at Charlottesville, Virginia, April 10, 1861. He published "Letters on the Conspiracy of the Slaves in Virginia," "Letters on the Roanoke Navigation," "Recollections of Ellen R. Tucker," "Essays on National Policy," "The Valley of the Shenandoah," "Joseph Atterly s Voyage to the Moon," "Life of Thomas Jefferson," " Progress of the United States," "Political History of the United States," and many magazine articles and political essays. Tucker, Henry St. George, was born in Virginia January 5, 1781 ; received an academical ed ucation ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Winchester, Virginia; was STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 669 elected a representative from Virginia in the Four teenth Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Fifteenth Congress, defeating Colonel Carson, serving from December 4, 1815, to March 3, 1819; was chan cellor of the Fourth Judicial District, and president of the Virginia Court of Appeals; was professor of law at the University of Virginia 1841-1846; died at Winchester, Virginia, August 28, 1848. He pub lished " Lectures on Constitutional Law," " Lectures on Natural Law and Government," and "Commen taries on the Laws of Virginia." Tucker, John Randolph, was born at Winches ter December 24, 1823; received a classical education, graduating at the University of Virginia in 1843; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Lexington; was attorney-general of Virginia in 1857-1865; was professor of equity and public law at Washington and Lee University, Lexington; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Forty- fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 10,708 votes against 5,707 votes for Johnson, Independent; was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 16,425 votes against 11,127 votes for George II. Burch, serv ing from December 6, 1875. Tucker, Starling, was born in Halifax County, North Carolina; removed to South Carolina, and settled at Mountain Shoals ; was elected a represen tative from South Carolina in the Fifteenth Congress, defeating Anderson Crenshaw; was re-elected to the Sixteenth Congress, defeating Brown and Pearson; was re-elected to the Seventeenth, Eighteenth, Nine teenth, Twentieth, and Twenty-first Congresses, serv ing from December 1, 1817, to March 3, 1831 ; died at Mountain Shoals, South Caiolina, February 4, 1834. Tucker, Thomas Tudor, was born at Port Royal, Bermuda, in 1745; was a delegate from South Carolina to the Continental Congress in 1787-1788; was elected a representative from South Carolina in the First Congress; was re-elected to the Second Congress, serving from March 4, 1789, to March 2, 1793; was treasurer of the United States from De cember 1, 1810, to his death at Washington City May 2, 1828. He published "An Oration before the South-Carolina Society of the Cincinnati." Tucker, Tilghman M., was born in North Carolina; received an academical education ; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Co lumbus, Mississippi ; was a member of the State House of representatives; was governor of the State of Mississippi 1841-1843; was elected a representative from Mississippi in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1845; died in Alabama April 30, 1859. Tufts, John Q., was born near Aurora, Indiana, July 12, 1840; removed with his parents to Iowa in 1852; was educated at Cornell College, Mount Ver- non; was a farmer; was elected a member of the legislature of Iowa in 1809, 1871, and 1873; and was elected a representative from Iowa in the Forty- fourth Congress as a Republican, receiving 10,779 votes against 10,122 votes for J. L. Sheeau, anti- Monopolist, serving from December fa , 1875, to March 3, 1877. Turner, Benjamin Sterling, was born in Halifax County, North Carolina, March 17, 1825; was raised as a slave, and received no early education, because the laws of that State made it criminal to educate slaves; removed to Alabama in 1830, and, by clandestine study, obtained a fair education ; became a dealer in general merchandise; was elected tax- collector of Dallas County in 18G7, and councilman of the city of Selma in 1869; and was elected a repre sentative from Alabama in the Forty-second Congress as a Republican, receiving 18,220 votes against 13,460 votes for S. J. Cumming, Democrat, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1873; was defeated as the Republican candidate for the Forty-third Congress, receiving 13,174 votes against 15,007 votes for F. G. Bromberg, Democrat and Liberal, and 7,024 votes for P. Joseph, Republican. Turner, Charles, jun., was born in Massachu setts about 1750; received a classical education, grad uating at Harvard College; studied theology, and was pastor of a parish in Duxbury, Massachusetts; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Eleventh Congress (having successfully contested the election of William Baylies) as a War Democrat; was re-elected to the Twelfth Congress, serving from June 28, 1809, to March 3, 1813; was so unpopular on account of his support of the war, that, on visiting Plymouth, in his congressional district, in August, 1812, he was mobbed and kicked; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Thirteenth Con gress, receiving 2,049 votes against 2,950 votes for William Baylies, Federalist; was superintendent of the United-States Marine Hospital at Chelsea. Turner, Daniel (son of James Turner), was born in Warren County, North Carolina, September 21, 1790; received an academical education; entered the Military Academy at West Point in 1813, and was appointed lieutenant of artillery in 1814; was sta tioned on Long Island under General Swift, and then at Plattsburg under General McComb; after the war, he was retained on the peace establishment, but resigned his commission in 1815; was a stu dent for two years at William and Mary College, Virginia; was a member of the House of Commons of North Carolina in 1819, 1820, 1821, 1822, and 1823; was elected a representative from North Carolina in. the Twentieth Congress, serving from December 3, 1827, until March 3, 1829; was principal of the War- renton Female Seminary. Turner, James, was born in Southampton County, Virginia, in 1700; removed with his father to Bute (now Warren) County, North Carolina, in 1770; received a public-school education; served in the Revolutionary war as a private in the same com pany with Nathaniel Macon ; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1797-1800, and of the State Senate in 1801 and 1802 ; was governor of North Carolina in 1802-1805; was elected United-States senator in 1805 as a Democrat, serving from March 4, 1805, until 1816, when he resigned on account of ill health ; died at Bloomsbury, North Carolina, Jan uary 15, 1824. Turner, James, was born in Maryland ; resided at Wiseburg; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Twenty-third Congress as a Jackson Democrat, defeating J. T. H. Worthington, also a Jackson Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty- fourth Congress, serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1837; was defeated as a candidate for the Twenty-fifth Congress by J. T. H. Worthington. Turner, Thomas, was born at Richmond, Ken tucky, September 10, 1821 ; received a classical edu cation, graduating at Centre College, Danville, in 1840; studied law with his father, Hon. Squire Turner, at Richmond, and at the law department of Transylvania University at Lexington, Kentucky, where he graduated in March, 1842; commenced practice at Richmond; removed in November, 1854, to Mount Sterling, Kentucky, where he practised; was appointed Commonwealth s attorney in March, 1840, and resigned in 1849; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1801-1803; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Forty- fifth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 13,103 votes against 12, 710 votes for Robert Boyd, Republican, serving from October 15, 1877. Turner, Thomas J., was born in Trumbull County, Ohio, April 5, 1815; received a public-school education ; removed with his father s family to Butler County, Pennsylvania, in 1825; worked on a farm, and as a day-laborer on the Pennsylvania Canal; went westward in 1833; was for three years in St. Paul s County, Indiana, and then settled at Freeport, Illinois ; was justice of the peace; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised ; was elected judge of pro bate in 1842; was appointed postmaster in 1844; was chosen State district-attorney in 1845 ; was elected a 670 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. representative from Illinois in the Thirtieth Congress as a Democrat (receiving also the votes of the Mor mons, then residents in his district), serving from De cember 0, 1847, to March 3, 1841); was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1854, and was chosen speaker of the House. Turney, Hopkins L., was born in Smith County, Tennessee, October 3, 1797 ; was apprenticed to the tailor s trade; served in the campaign against the Seminole Indians in 1818; did not learn to write until after he was twenty-two years cf age; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice at Winchester; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1828-1838; was elected a repre sentative from Tennessee in the Twenty-fifth Con gress as a Democrat, receiving 3,447 votes against 2,740 votes for Cox, Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-sixth and Twenty-seventh Congresses with out opposition, serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1843; wa*s elected a United-States senator from Tennessee, serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1851 ; died at Winchester, Tennessee, Au gust 1, 1857. Turney, Jacob, was born at Greensburg, Penn sylvania, February 18, 1825 ; was educated at Greens- burg Academy; served, while a boy, in a printing- office; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1849, and practised at Greensburg; was elected district- attorney for Westmoreland County in 1850, and re- elected in 1853; was a presidential elector on the Buchanan ticket in 1850; was elected to the State Senate of Pennsylvania in 1857 for three years, and elected speaker in 1859; was defeated for State sena tor in 1871 by a reduced majority in a strong Repub lican district; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 12,005 votes against 8,864 votes for Andrew Stewart, Republican; and was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 10,902 votes against 12,703 votes for Jacob Rush, Republican, serving from December 6, 1875. Turpie, David, was born in Hamilton County, Ohio, July 8, 1829; received a classical education, graduating at Kenyon College in 1848; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1849, and commenced practice at Logansport, Indiana; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1852; was ap pointed judge of the Court of Common Pleas in 1854, and of the Circuit Court in 1850, both of which positions he resigned; was again a member of the State House of Representatives in 1858; was elected a United-States senator from Indiana (in place of Jesse D. Bright, expelled) as a Democrat, serving fr.:m January 22, 1803, to March 3, 1803. Turrell, Joel, was born in Vermont in 1795; re ceived a classical education, graduating at Middle- bury College in 1810; removed to Oswego, New York; was a member of the State House of Repre sentatives in 1831 ; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-third Congress as a Jack son Democrat, and was re-elected to the Twenty- fourth Congress, serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1837; died at Oswego, New York, Decem ber 2!i, 1859. Tuthill, Joseph H., was born at Blooming Grove, New York, February 11, 1811; received a common-school education; was a merchant for thir ty-five years; was president of the Ellenville glass works; was clerk of Ulster County from 1843 to 1847; was a member of the Ulster-county board of supervisors in 1842, 1843, 1801, 1802, 1805, 1800, 1887, 1868, 1809, and 1870; was elected a representa tive from New York in the Forty-second Congress as a Democrat, receiving 11, 559 votes against 11,257 votes for Lindslcy, Republican, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1873. Tuthill, Selah, was born in Ulster County, New York, in 1775; founded the town of Tuthill in Ulster County, New York; was elected a repre sentative from New York in the Seventeenth Con- 1 gress, but died before taking his seat, September 7, 1821. Tweed, William M., was born at New York, April 3, 1823; received a public-school education; learned the trade of chair-making, and carried on that business; was an alderman in 1851-185^; was elected a representative from New York in the Thir ty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 5,394 votes against 4,243 votes for Hoxie, Whig, and 818 votes for Morgan, Whig, serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855 ; was defeated as a Democratic candidate for alderman by Charles Fox, Know- Nothing; was school commissioner of the Seventh Ward 1850-1858; was a in ember of the board of supervisors for New-York County in 1858; was de feated as the Peace candidate for sheriff in 1801 by James Lyme, the War candidate; was appointed deputy street commissioner in 18o3; was a member of the State Senate 1808-1870; was tried in ly74 on charges of official embezzlement, found guilty, and sentenced to tv/elve years imprisonment; escaped in December, 1875; was surrendered by the Spanish authorities at Vigo, in Spain, and brought back to New York on a man-of-war; died at New Y T ork, a prisoner, April 12, 1878. Tweedy, John H., was born in Connecticut; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1837, and commenced practice at Milwaukee, in the Territory of Wisconsin ; was a delegate to the conven tion which framed the State Constitution in 1840; was elected a delegate from Wisconsin Territory in the Thirtieth Congress as a Whig, receiving 10,070 votes against 9,048 votes for Strong, Democrat, serv ing from December 0, 1847, to May 29, 1848. Tweedy, Samuel, was born in Connecticut ; re sided at Danbury; was elected a representative from Connecticut in the Twenty-third Congress, serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1835. Twichell, Ginery, was born at Athol, Massa chusetts, August 20, Ifell ; received a public-school education; became interested in stage-coaches and in carrying the mails in 1839; was afterwards an officer of the Boston and Worcester Railroad, arid was chosen its superintendent in 1848, and its presi dent in 1857; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Fortieth Congress as a Repub lican, receiving 0,084 votes against 2,001 votes for Aspinwall, Democrat, and 403 votes for Guyney, the Working-men s candidate; was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress, receiving 23,043 votes against 13,714 votes for Mason, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress, receiving 6,233 votes against 5,040 votes for Gaston, Democrat, and 206 votes for Gushing, Prohibitionist, serving from March 4, 1807, to March 3, 1873. Tyler, Asher, was born at Bridgewater, New York, May 10, 1798; received a classical education, graduating at Hamilton College in 1817; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Ellicottsville; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a AVhig, receiving 7,521 votes against 5,607 votes for Ten Broeck, Democrat, and 255 votes for Allen, Abo litionist, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1845; removed to Elmira, where he was largely en gaged in railroad operations; died at Elmira, New York, August 10, 1875. Tyler, John, was born in Charles-City County, Virginia, March 29, 1790 ; received a classical educa tion, graduating at William and Mary College in 1800; studied law; was admitted to the bar when nineteen years of age, and practised ; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1811-1816; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Fourteenth Congress (in place of John Clopton, de ceased) as a State-rights Democrat; was re-elected to the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Congresses, serving from December 17, 1816, to March 3, 1821 ; was again a member of the State House of Represeuta- STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 671 tives 1823-1825; was governor of Virginia 1825-1827; was elected a United-States senator from Virginia as a State-rights Democrat, serving from December 3, 1827, to February 29, 1830, when lie resigned on ac count of differences of opinion with President Jack son ; joined the Whig party, and was elected Vice- President on the Harrison ticket in 1840; became President, after the death of President Harrison, April 4, 1841 ; was a delegate to the Peace Conven tion of 1801, and its president; renounced his alle giance to the United States ; was a delegate to the Pro visional Congress of the Confederate States which assembled at Richmond in July, 1801 ; was elected a representative from Virginia in the First Confed erate Congress, but died at Richmond, Virginia, before taking his seat, January 17, 1802. His " Life and Speeches * was published in 1844. Tyner, James N., was born at Brookville, Indi ana, January 17, 1820; received an academic educa tion; studied and practised law; was secretary of the Indiana Senate four consecutive sessions, com mencing in 1857; was a presidential elector in 1800; was special agent of the Post-office Department from 18G1 to 180(5; was elected a representative from In diana in the Forty-first Congress at a special elec tion (occasioned by the election of Hon. D. D. Pratt to the United-States Senate) ; was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress as a Republican, receiving 15,113 votes against 13,149 votes for J. F. Hender son, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress as a Kepublican, receiving 19,737 votes against 10,798 votes for Whiteside, Democrat; was appointed by President Grant governor of Colorado, but declined, and accepted the position of second assistant postmaster-general, serving from February 2(5, 1875, to July 12, 1870, and postmaster-general, serving from July 12, 1870, to March 3, 1877; was appointed by President Hayes first assistant post master-general, serving from March 10, 1877. Tyson, Jacob, was born in Montgomery County, Pennsylvania, in 1793; received, through his own exertions, a good education ; removed to Richmond County, New York ; was a member of the State Sen ate in 1828; was elected a representative from New York in the Eighteenth Congress, serving from De cember 1, 1823, to March 3, 1825. Tyson, Job Roberts, was born at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, February 12, 1804; received an aca demical education; taught school; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Philadelphia; was a member of the city council and of the State House of Representatives; took a great interest in literature and the fine arts; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty- fourth Congress as a Whig, receiving 5,654 votes against 3,500 votes for Hamilton, Democrat, and serv ing from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1857; died at Woodlawn Hall June 27, 1858. He published Pennsylvania prior to 1743," "Essay on the Penal Laws of Pennsylvania," " The Lottery System of the United States," and "Memoir of T. C. James, M.D.," with several orations on historical subjects. Udree, Daniel, was born at Philadelphia, Penn sylvania; received a public-school education; re moved to Berks County, where he engaged in mer cantile pursuits and in the manufacture of iron; was a member of the State House of Kepresentatives 1799-1805; was elected a representative from Penn sylvania in the Thirteenth Congress as a Democrat (in place of John M. Hyneman, resigned), serving from December 0, 1813, to March 2, 1815 ; was again elected to the Sixteenth Congress (in place of Joseph Heister, resigned), serving from January 8, 1821, to March 3, 1821 ; was again elected to the Seventeenth Congress (in place of Ludwig Wonnan, deceased); was re-elected to the Eighteenth Congress, serving from December 23, 1822, to March 3, 1825; died at Reading, Pennsylvania, July 22, 1828. Underbill, ^f alter, was born in the city of New York; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-first Congress as a Whig, receiv ing 5,049 votes against 3,905 votes for Maclay, Cass Democrat, and 1,035 votes for Hecker, Van Buren Democrat, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1851. Underwood, John W. H., was born in Elbert County, Georgia, November 20, 1810; received an academical education ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar in 1834, and commenced practice at Rome, Georgia; was solicitor-general for the Western Circuit 1843-1847; was a delegate to the State Conslitutional Convention of 1850; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1857, and was chosen speaker of the House ; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Dem ocrat, receiving 12,339 votes against 2,102 votes for Shackleford, serving from December 5, 1859, to Janu ary 23, 1801, when lie retired from the House, and espoused the cause of the Southern Confederacy; after peace Avas declared in 1804, he resumed practice at Rome, Georgia. Underwood, Joseph Rogers, was born in Goochland County, Virginia, October 24, 1791; was adopted by an uncle, and taken to Kentucky in 1803; received a classical education, which was finished at the University of Lexington in 1811; studied law with Robert Wickliffe ; served in the war of 1812 as lieutenant of Kentucky volunteers; was wounded and made prisoner by tlie Indians at Dudley s defeat in 1813; on his release he was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Glasgow, Kentucky; was trus tee of the town, and county-attorney ; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1810-1819; removed in 1823 to Bowling Green ; was a presidential elector on the Clay ticket in 1824; was again a mem ber of the State House of Representatives in 1825 and 1820; was a judge of the State Court of Appeals 1828, 1835; was elected a representative from Ken tucky in the Twenty-fourth Congress as a Whig, receiving 081 majority over Elijah Hise, Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty-fifth Congress, receiving 484 majority over Elijah Hise, Democrat; was re- elected to the Twenty-sixth Congress, receiving 5,153 votes against 4,210 votes for Elijah Ilise, Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress, re ceiving 5,961 votes against 3,512 votes for J. W. Irwin, Democrat, serving from December 7, 1835, to March 3, 1843; declined being a candidate for re-election; was elected a United-States senator from Kentucky as a Whig, serving from December 0, 1847, to March 3, 1853; died at Bowling Green, Kentucky, August 23, 1876. Underwood, Warner L., was born in Gooch land County, Virginia, August 7, 1808; received a classical education, graduating at the University of Virginia in 1830; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Bowling Green, Ken tucky; was a resident in Texas 1833-1840; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1848, and of the State Senate in 1849 ; was elected a repre sentative from Kentucky in the Thirty-fourth Con gress as an American, receiving 7,302 votes against 5,583 votes for Bates, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving 0,359 votes against 0,150 votes for Lewis, Democrat, serving from Decem ber 3, 1855, to March 3, 1859; declined being a candi date for re-election. Upham, Charles Wentworth, was born at St. John s, New Brunswick, May 4, 1802; received a classical education, graduating at Harvard College in 1821 ; engaged in mercantile pursuits ; taught school ; studied theology; was a clergyman at Salem, Massa chusetts, from December 8, 1824, until December 8, 1844, when he relinquished the ministry on account of a bronchial trouble ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1840 and 1849 ; was defeated as the Whig candidate for the Thirty-second Congress, receiving 5,802 votes against 4,304 votes for Robert S. Ranfoul, jun., Democrat, 2,979 votes for S. E. Sewall, Free-Soiler, and 49 scattering, which gave no 672 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. candidate the necessary majority, and, on a second trial, Robert Rantoul, jun., was elected; was mayor of Salem in 1852; was a delegate to the State Consti tutional Convention in 1853; was elected a represen tative from Massachusetts in the Thirty-third Con gress, receiving on the first trial 5,003 votes against 71 > votes for John B. Alley, Democrat, 2,531 votes for George Hood, Free-Soiler, and 1,729 scattering, which gave no candidate the necessary majority, and he succeeded on a second trial, receiving 4,265 votes asainst 4,090 votes for George Hood, Free-Soiler, and 7 ^i:; scattering, serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855; was defeated as the Whig candidate for the Thirty-fourth Congress, receiving 3,231 votes against 7,428 votes for Timothy Davis, Know-Noth ing, and 740 votes for N. J. Lord, Democrat ; was a member of the State Senate in 1857 and 1858, and its president; was again a member of the State House of Representatives in 1859 and 1800; died at Salem, Massachusetts, June 15, 1875. He published "Let ters on the Logos" 1828, "Lectures on Witchcraft" 1832, " Life of Sir Henry Vane " 1835, " Life of John C. Fremont" 1856. He prepared a "Life of Wash ington" at the request of the Board of Education of Massachusetts; its publication was interdicted by Mr. Sparks, on the ground of its being an infringe ment of his copyright of the " Writings of Washing ton," but a large edition was subsequently sold at London. He edited "The Christian Review" and "The Christian Register," and was a prolific con tributor to reviews and magazines. Upliam, George B., was born in New Hamp shire in 1709; received a classical education, gradu ating at Harvard University in 1789; was for several years a member of the State House of Representa tives, serving as speaker in 1809 and 1815 ; was elect ed a representative from New Hampshire in the Sev enth Congress, serving from December 7, 1801, to March 3, 1803; died at Claremont, New Hampshire, February 10, 1848. Upham, Jabez, was born in Massachusetts; re ceived a liberal education, graduating at Harvard College in 1785; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Claremont, New Hampshire; removed to Brookiield, Massachusetts; was a member of the State House of Representatives ; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Tenth Congress ; was re-elected to the Eleventh Congress, serving from October 20, 1SJ7, to 1810, when he resigned ; died at Brookfield, Massachusetts, in 1811. Upham, Nathaniel, was born at Deerfield, New Hampshire, June 9, 1774; received an academi cal education at Phillips Academy at Exeter; en gaged in mercantile pursuits ; was a member of the State House of Representatives, and also of the Ex ecutive Council; was elected a representative from New Hampshire in the Fifteenth Congress as a Dem ocrat; was re-elected to the Sixteenth and Seven teenth Congresses, serving from December 1, 1817, to March 3, 1823; died at Rochester, New Hampshire, July 10, 1829. Upham, William, was born at Leicester, Mas sachusetts, in August, 1792; removed with his father to Vermont in 1802 ; received a classical education at the University of Vermont; studied law; was admit ted to the bar in 1812, and commenced practice at Montpelier, Vermont; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1827 and 1828; was State s attorney for Washington County in 1829; was again a member of the State House of Represen tatives in 1830; was elected a United-States senator from Vermont as a Whig, serving from December 4, 1843, to January 14, 1853, when he died of small-pox, after ten days illness, at Washington City. Upson, Charles, was born at Southington, Con- iM-cticut, March 19, 1821; received an academic edu cation ; was a student at the Yale-College Law School ; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Coldwater, Michigan; was county-clerk for St. Joseph County in 1849 and 1850; was prosecuting-attorney in 1853 and 1854; was a member of the State Senate of Michigan in 1855 and 1856; was elected attorney- general of the State in 1861 and 1862 ; was elected a epresentative from Michigan in the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Republican, receiving 14,147 votes against 11,385 votes for Turner, Union ; was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiving 19,151 votes against 12,538 votes for Nathaniel A. Balch, Demo crat; was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, receiv ing 19,023 votes against 11,228 votes for Severens, Democrat, serving from December 7, 1863, to March 3, 1869. Upson, "William H., was born at Worthington, Franklin County, Ohio, January 11, 1823; graduated at Western-Reserve College in 1842; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Akron, Ohio; was a member of the Senate of Ohio in 1854 and 1855; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Forty-first Congress as a Republican, receiving 18,359 votes against 11,980 votes for F. F. Backus, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress, receiving 11,053 votes against 6,695 votes for J. M. Coffinberry, Democrat, and 448 votes for Taylor, Prohibitionist, serving from March 4, 1869, to March 3, 1873. Upton, Charles Horace, was born at Belfast, Maine, August 23, 1812; removed to Virginia, and settled at Falls Church; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Thirty-seventh Congress as a Republican, defeating S. F. Beach, who unsuccess fully contested the seat, serving from July 4, 1861, to March 3, 1863; died at Geneva, Switzerland, June 17, 1877. Vail, George, was born in New Jersey in 1803 ; received an academical education; resided at Mor- ristown; was engaged with his brother (Alfred Vail) and S. F. Morse in projecting the instruments used for telegraphic communication ; was elected a repre sentative from New Jersey in the Thirty-third Con gress as a Democrat, receiving 9,247 votes against 0,205 votes for Coursen, Whig; was re-elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress, receiving 7,281 votes against 0,816 votes for Osborn, anti-Nebraska, serving from December 5, 1853, to March .3, 1857 ; was appointed by President Buchanan consul at Glasgow; died at Morristown, New Jersey, May 23, 1875. Vail, Henry, was born in New York; resided at Troy ; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1839; died at Troy, New York, June 25, 1833. Valk, William W., was born in South Caro lina; removed to New York, and resided at Flushing; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-fourth Congress as an American, receiving 3,753 votes against 2,778 votes for Allen, Democrat, and 2,676 votes for Vail, Whig, serving from Decem ber 3, 1855, to March 3, 1857. Vallandigham, Clement L., was born at New Lisbon, Ohio, July 29, 1820; received a classical edu cation, studying cne year at Jefferson College, Ohio ; removed to Maryland, where he was for two years the preceptor of an academy at Snow Hill ; returned to Ohio in 1840 ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar in 1842, and commenced practice at Dayton, Ohio ; edited " The Dayton Empire " 1847-1849 ; was a dele gate to the National Democratic Convention at Cin cinnati in 1856; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirty-fifth Congress (having successful ly contested the election of Lewis D. Campbell) as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Con gress, receiving 9,903 votes against 9,715 votes for Campbell, Republican; was re-elected to the Thirty- seventh Congress, receiving 11,052 votes against 10,918 votes for Craighead, Republican, serving from May 25, 1858, to March 3, 1863 ; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Thirty-eighth Congress, receiving 11,779 votes against 13,027 votes for Robert C. Schehck, Republican; was arrested by STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 673 the Union military authorities in 1863 for having expressed his approval of the Rebellion, and banished to the Confederate States; but he went from Wil mington to Bermuda, and thence to Canada, where he remained until peace was restored; during his exile he was defeated as Democratic candidate for governor of Ohio; was a delegate to the National Democratic Conventions at Chicago in 1804, and at New York in 1808; died at Lebanon, Ohio, June 17, 1871, from a wound received by the accidental dis charge of a pistol while he was arguing a case in court. Van Aernam, Henry, was born at Marcellus, New York, March 11, 1811); received an academic education; graduated at a medical college, and prac tised at Franklinville, New York; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1858: served in the Union army as surgeon of the One Hundred and Fifty-fourth New- York Volunteers ; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-ninth Congress as a Republican, receiving 13.990 votes against 7,374 votes for Jonas K. Button, Democrat ; was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, receiving 14,495 votes against 7,299 votes for Risley, Democrat, serving from December 4, 18G5, to March 3, 1889. Van Allen, James Q., was born in Rensselaer County, New York; received a public-school educa tion ; was a member of the State House of Represen tatives in 1804; was elected a representative from New York in the Tenth Congress, serving from October 20, 1807, to March 3, 1809. Van Allen, John E., was born in Rensselaer County, New York; received an academical educa tion ; resided at Troy ; was elected a representative from New York in the Third Congress; was re-elected to the Fourth and Fifth Congresses, serving from De cember 7, 1795, to March 3, 1799; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1800-1801. Van Auken, Daniel M., was born in Pike County, Pennsylvania, January 15, 1820; graduated at Union College, New York; studied law; was ad mitted to the bar, and practised at Milford, Penn sylvania ; was prosecuting-attorney for Pike County, Pennsylvania, from 1855 until 1^59; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Fortieth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 15,907 votes against 9,121 votes for Lilley, Republican; was re- elected to the Forty-lirst Congress, receiving 17,928 votes against 10,323 votes for Torrey, Republican, serving from March 4, 1807, to March 3, 1871. Van Buren, John, was born in Ulster County, New York; received an academical education; stud ied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Kingston, New York; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-seventh Congress as a Democrat, receiving 0,007 votes against 5,930 votes for Benjamin R. Bevier, Whig, serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1843; died at Kingston, New York, January 10, 1855. Van Buren, Martin, was born at Kinderhook, New York, December 5, 1782; was reared on his father s farm; received an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1803, and commenced practice at Kinderhook, removing to Hudson in 1809; was a member of the State Senate 1813-1820; was attorney-general of the State of New York February 17, 1815-July 8, 1819; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention in 1821 ; was elected a United-States senator from New York as a Democrat, and re-elected, serving from December 3, 1821, to December 20, 1828, when he resigned to accept the office of governor of the State of New York; this position he resigned on the 12th of March, 1829, having been appointed by President Jackson secretary of state of the United States ; this position he resigned August 1, 1831, having been appointed by President Jackson minister to Great Britain, but the Senate rejected his nomination, and he took leave March 19, 1832; was elected Vice-Presi- dent on the Jackson ticket in 1832, receiving 189 of the 277 electoral votes cast; was elected President in 1830, receiving 170 of the 294 electoral votes cast, serving March 4, 1837-March 3, 1841 ; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for President in 1840, receiving 00 electoral votes against 234 electoral votes for W. H. Harrison, Whig; was the candidate of the Antislavery party for President in 1848; visit ed Europe in 1853-1855; died at Kinderhook, New York, July 24, 1862. He wrote " Inquiry into the Origin and Course of Political Parties in the United States," published by his sons after his death. Lives of him were written by W. Holland, M. Dawson, D. Crockett, and others. Vance, John, was born in Pennsylvania; re moved to Ohio, and resided at Urbana; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Seventeenth Con gress, serving from December 3, 1821, to March 3, 1823. Vance, John L., was born at Gallipolis, Ohio, July 19, 1839; was educated in the common schools, in a printing-office, and at the Gallia Academy; studied law; graduated at the law-school of the Cincinnati College in April, 1861; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Gallipolis; entered the Union army in April, 1861, and served in the various grades from captain to commandant of his regiment until December, 1864; was a delegate to the National Democratic Convention at Baltimore in 1872; estab lished "The Gallipolis Bulletin" in 1867; was elect ed a representative from Ohio in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 12,437 votes against 10,496 votes for H. S. Bundy, Republican, serving from December 6, 1875, to March 3, 1877; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 14,639 votes against 15,213 votes for Henry S. Neal, Republican. Vance, Joseph, was born in Washington Coun ty, Pennsylvania, March 21, 1786; received a public- school education; engaged in mercantile pursuits and cattle-breeding ; was one of the earliest settlers in Ohio, settling at Urbana; was several times a member of the State House of Representatives ; was a delegate to the Constitutional Convention of 1820; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Eigh teenth Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Nineteenth, Twentieth, Twenty-first, Twenty- second, and Twenty-third Congresses, serving from December 1, 1823, to March 3, 1835; was governor of Ohio in 1836; was again elected to the Twenty- eighth Congress as a Whig, receiving 7,510 votes against 4,552 votes for Hunt, Democrat; was re- elected to the Twenty-ninth Congress, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1847; was a delegate to the Whig National Convention of 1848; died on his farm near Urbana, Ohio, August 26, 1851. Vance, Robert B., was born in Buncombe County, North Carolina; resided at Nashville, Nash County; was elected a representative from North Carolina in the Eighteenth Congress as a Crawford Democrat, receiving the same number of votes as Felix Walker, Jackson Democrat (the election then devolved upon the sheriffs of the four counties com posing the congressional district, of whose votes Mr. Vance received 3, and Mr. Walker 1), serving from December 1, 1823, to March 3, 1825. Vance, Robert Brank, was born in Buncombe County, North Carolina, April 24, 1828; received a public-school education; was by occupation a fanner; was clerk of the Court of Pleas and Quarter Sessions from 1848 to 1856; was elected captain of a company in the Confederate service in 1861 ; was twice elected colonel of the Twenty-ninth North-Carolina Regiment, and was appointed brigadier-general in 1863; was elected a representative from North Carolina in the Forty-third Congress as a Democratic Conservative, recei ving 11,300 votes against 8,945 votes for W. G. Gaudier, Republican; was re-elected to the Forty- fourth Congress, receiving 11,127 votes against 0,87 votes for P. Durham, Independent; was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 15,808 votes GT4 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. against 7.426 votes for Erastus R. Hampton, Repub lican, serving from December 1, 1873. Vance, ebulon B., was born in Buncombe County, North Carolina, May 13, 1830; received a thorough English education, and was one year at the University of North Carolina ; studied law; was ad mitted to the bar in 1853, and commenced practice at Ashville, North Carolina; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1854; was elected a rep resentative from North Carolina in the Thirty-fifth Congress (to fill the vacancy occasioned by the elec tion of Thomas L. Clingman as senator) as a State- rights American, receiving 2,049 majority over Avery, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Con gress, receiving 8,02(5 votes against 6,331 votes for Craige, Democrat, serving from December 7, 1858, to March 3, 1861 ; was colonel of a North-Carolina regi ment which he raised for the Confederate army; was governor of North Carolina 1861-1803; was a mem ber of the Democratic National Convention of 1808 which nominated Seymour and Blair. Van Cortlandt, Philip, was born at New York, September 1, 1749; received a thorough English edu cation, and became a land-surveyor; entered the Revolutionary army at the commencement of the war as lieutenant-colonel ; was commissioned as colo nel in 1776 ; served throughout the war, and was ap- pointed brigadier-general for his gallant conduct at Yorktown under General Lafayette; was a delegate to the State Convention which adopted the Federal Constitution in 1788; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1788-1790, and of the State Senate 1791-1793; was elected a representative from New York in the Third Congress as a Demo crat; was re-elected to the Fourth, Fifth, Sixth, Sev enth, Eighth, Ninth, and Tenth Congresses, serving from December 2, 1793, to March 3, 1809; devoted the remainder of his life to the cultivation of his farm in Westchester County, New York ; accom panied General Lafayette on his tour through the United States in 1824; died November 5, 1831. Van Cortlandt, Pierre, jun., was born in Westchester County, New York; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1793-1795; was elected a representative from New York in the Twelfth Congress as a Democrat by a majority of 1,533, serving from November 4, 1811, to March 3, 1813; died at Cortlandt, New York. Vanderpool, Aaron, was born at Kinderhook, New York, February 5, 17U9; received a classial ed ucation; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1820, and commenced practice at Kinderhook; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1826 and 1830; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-third Congress as a Democrat ; was re-elected to the Twenty-fourth Congress, serv ing from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1837; was de feated as the Democratic candidate for the Twenty- lift] i Congress ; was again elected to the Twenty-sixth Congress, receiving 9,658 votes against 9,4G9 votes for Robert Dorlon, Whig, serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1841 ; removed to New-York City, and died there July 18, 1870. Vanderveer, Abraham, was born in King s County, New York, in 1781 ; was elected a representa tive from New York in the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1839; died at Brooklyn, New York, July 21, 1839. Vandever, William, was born in Maryland; received a public-school education; removed to Iowa, and located at Dubuque ; was elected a representative from Iowa in the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Repub lican, receiving 25,503 votes against 22,764 votes for Lefiingwill. Democrat; was re-elected to the Tbirty- seventh Congress, receiving 36,805 votes against -1. .:".<; votes for Samuels, Democrat, serving from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 1863; served in the Union army as colonel in 1861. Van Dyke, John, was born in New Jersey; received an academical education ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at New Brunswick; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Thirtieth Congress as a Whig, receiving 6,340 votes against 5,173 votes for Kirkpatriek. Dem ocrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-first Congress, receiving 7,282 votes against 0,123 votes for Hilliard, Democrat, serving from December 6, 1847, to March 3, 1851 ; was judge of the Supreme Court of New Jersey. Van Dyke, Nicholas, was born in Delaware; was a delegate from Delaware to the Continental Congress 1777-1782; was a signer of the articles of Confederation. Van Dyke, Nicholas, was born in Delaware ; received a classical education, graduating at Prince ton College in 1788 ; was elected a representative from Delaware in the Tenth Congress ; was re-elected to the Eleventh Congress, serving from October 26, 18v<7, to March 3, 1811 ; was elected a United-States senator from New Jersey, serving from December 1, 1817, to May 19, 1826, when he died at New Castle, Delaware. Van Gaasbeck, Peter, was born in Ulster County, New York; was elected a representative from New York in the Third Congress, serving from December 2, 1793, to March 3, 1795. Van Horn, Burt, was born at New Fane, New York, October 28, 1823; was raised on a farm; was a farmer and a manufacturer; was educated at the Madison University, New York; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1858-1860; was elected a representative from New York in the Thir ty-seventh Congress as a Republican, receiving 8,OG2 votes against 5,882 votes for Ely, Democrat, serving from July 4, 1861, to March 3, 1863; was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiving 12,671. votes against 9,533 votes for Willett, Democrat; was re- elected to the Fortieth Congress, receiving 12,204 votes against 9,131 votes for Com stock, Democrat, serving from December 4, 1865, to March 3, 1809. Van Horn, Robert T., was born in Indiana County, Pennsylvania, May 19, 1824; received a pub lic-school education; learned the art of printing; went to Missouri, where he was mayor and postmas ter of Kansas City; was a member of the State Senate of Missouri in 18C3, 1864, 1865 ; served in the Union army as major and lieutenant-colonel of Missouri volunteers during the war for the suppression of the Rebellion; was elected a representative from Mis souri in the Thirty-ninth Congress as a Radical Re publican, receiving 3,498 votes against 3,226 votes for Norton, Democrat, and 695 votes" for King, Democrat; was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, receiving 5,391 votes against 4,857 votes for James T. Burch, Conservative ; was re-elected to the Forty-first Con gress, receiving 5,427 votes against 4,560 votes for Shields, Democrat, serving from December 4, 1865, to March 3, 1871. Van Home, Archibald, was elected a repre sentative from Maryland in the Tenth Congress; was re-elected to the Eleventh Congress, serving from October 26, 1807, to March 3, 1811. Van Home, Espy, was born in Lycoming County, Pennsylvania; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Nineteenth Congress as a Democrat ; was re-elected to the Twentieth Congress, serving from December 5, 1825, to March 3, 1829; died at Williamsport, Pennsylvania, June 25, 1829. Van Home, Isaac, was born in Pennsylvania ; served as captain in the Revolutionary war; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Seventh Congress; was re-elected to the Eighth Con gress, serving from December 7, 1801, to March 3, 1805; was appointed receiver of public moneys at Zanesville, Ohio. Van Houton, Isaac B., was born in Rock! and County, New York; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-third Congress as a Jackson Democrat, serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1835; died at Clarkestown, New York. STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 675 Vcinmeter, John J., was born in Ohio; resided a f Piketon ; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Whig, receiving 5,344 votes against 5,142 votes for Lucas, Democrat, and 106 votes for Stewart, Abolitionist, serving from De cember 4, 1843, to March 3, 1845. Van Ness, John P., was born at Ghent, New York, 1770; received a classical education; was a student at Columbia College; studied law; was ad mitted to the bar, but never practised ; was elected a representative from New York in the Seventh Con gress as a Democrat, and took his seat December 7, 1801 ; he was married, in May, 1802, to Marcia Burns, the heiress of Washington City, and soon afterwards accepted from President Jefferson the commission of major of the uniformed militia of the District of Columbia, for which the House of Representatives declared his seat forfeited January 17, 1803; he then made Washington City his home; was elected mayor ; was president of the Bank of the Metropolis, and filled other local positions; died at Washington City March 7, 1846. Van Rensselaer, Henry (son of Stephen Van Rensselaer), was born at Albany, New York, in 1811 ; received a military education at the West-Point Mili tary Academy, graduating in 1831 ; was commissioned brevet second lieutenant of the Fifth United-States Infantry July 1, 1831, and resigned January 27, 1832; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-seventh Congress as a Whig, receiving 6,258 votes against 5,948 votes for Preston King, Demo crat, serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1843; served in the Union army as a colonel and inspector- general, a portion of the time on the staff of Lieuten- ant-General Scott; died at Cincinnati, Ohio, March 23, 1864. Van Rensselaer, Jeremiah (brother of Ste phen Van Kensselaer), was born in 1741 ; received an academical education, graduating at Princeton Col lege in 1758; was an active supporter of Revolution ary measures; was elected a representative from New York in the First Congress, serving from May 9, 1789, to March 3, 1791 ; was a presidential elector in 1801 ; was lieutenant-governor of New York 1801- 1804; died at Albany, New York, February 22, 1822. Van Rensselaer, Killian K., was born at Al bany, New York, in 1763 ; received a thorough Eng lish education; was elected a representative from New York in the Seventh Congress as a Democrat ; was re-elected to the Eighth, Ninth, Tenth, and Eleventh Congresses, serving from December 7, 1801, to March 3, 1811 ; died at Albany, New York, June 18, 1845. Van Rensselaer, Solomon, was born in Rensselaer County, New York, in 1774; received a thorough English education; entered the United- States army as cornet of cavalry March 14, 1792; was promoted to be captain, and wounded through the lungs at the battle of Miami August 20, 1794; was promoted to be major January 8, 1799, and was mustered out in June, 1800; was adjutant-general of New York in 1801, 1810, and 1813; served in the war of 1812 as lieutenant-colonel of New- York volun teers, and was dangerously wounded in the assault on Queeenston Heights October 13, 1812; was elect ed a representative from New York in the Sixteenth Congress as a Federalist; was re-elected to the Seven teenth Congress, serving from December 6, 1819, to January 14, 1822, when he resigned to accept the postmastersliip at Albany, which he held until he was removed by President Van Buren in 1839 ; died near Albany April 23, 1852. Van Rensselaer, Stephen (brother of Jere miah Van Rensselaer, and father of Henry Van Rensselaer), was born at New York November, 1764; received a classical education, graduating at Harvard College in 1782; was a member of the New- York Senate 1791-1795; was lieutenant-governor of New York 1795-1801; served in the war of 1812 as major- general of volunteers on the frontier; was a canal commissioner from April 17, 1816, until his death, serving the last fourteen years as president of the canal board; was elected a representative from New York in the Seventeenth Congress (in place of Solo mon Van Rensselaer, resigned) as an Adams man; was re-elected to the Eighteenlh, Nineteenth, and Twentieth Congresses, serving from March 12, 1822, to March 3, 1829; died at Albany January 26, 1839. Vansant, Joshua, was born at Baltimore, Mary land, in 1804; received a public-school education; was for many years in the hat business; was a sena torial elector in 1836; was postmaster of Baltimore 1S39-1S41 ; was a member of the State House of Rep resentatives in 1845 ; was a member of a special water commission in 1852; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Thirty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 5,876 votes against 5,061 votes for Preston, Whig, and serving from December 5, 1853, until March 3, 1855; was several times a di rector on the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad in behalf of the city and of the state; was four times appoint ed finance commissioner of Baltimore; was a mem ber of the State Constitutional Convention of Mary land in 1867; was elected mayor of Baltimore in 1871, and re-elected in 1873; was appointed city comptroller of Baltimore in 1876. Van Trump, Philadelph, was born at Lan caster, Ohio, November 15, 1810; received a public- school education; learned the art of printing, and edited " The Lancaster Gazette and Enquirer;"" was a delegate to the National Whig Convention which nominated Scott and Graham in 1852; was a candi date for senatorial elector on the Fillmore ticket for Ohio in 1856; was president of the Bell and Everett State Convention in 1860; was the Democratic can didate for supreme judge of Ohio in the years 1863, 1864, and 1865; served as judge of the Court cf Common Pleas from 1862 to 1866; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Fortieth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 14,546 votes against ll,33(i votes for Jones, Republican; was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress, receiving 16,287 votes against 11,374 votes for Turney, Republican; was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress, serving from March 4, 1867, to March 3, 1873. Van Valkenburgh, Robert B., was born in Steuben County, New York, September 4, 1821; re ceived an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Bath, New York; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1852, 1857, and 1858; was placed in command of the State recruiting-depot at Eimira in 1861, and organized seventeen regiments for the war; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-seventh Congress as a Republican, re ceiving 13,167 votes against 8,507 votes for Walker, Democrat ; was re-elected to the Thirty-eighth Con gress, receiving 14,827 votes against 10.774 votes for Hathaway, Democrat, serving from July 4, 1861, to March 3, 1865 ; took the field as colonel of the One Hundred and Seventh Regiment of New-York Vol unteers while a member of Congress, and com manded it at the battle of Antietam; was acting commissioner of Indian affairs in the summer of 1865; was appointed by President Johnson minister to Japan, serving January 18, 1866-November 11, 1869. Van Vorhes, Nelson H., was bom in Wash ington County, Pennsylvania, January 23, 1822; re moved to Athens County, Ohio, in 1832 ; worked on a farm; entered the printing-office of his father in 1836, and served a six-years apprenticeship, qualify ing himself for publishing a newspaper, which he did until 1861 ; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1850-1872, during four years of which he was speaker; was elected probate judge in 1854, but soon afterward resigned ; was the Whig candidate for Congress in 1858, and was defeated by 277 votes; was a delegate to the National Republican Convention at Chicago which nominated Mr. Lin- 676 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. coin; entered the Union army in 1861 as a private; was commissioned as first lieutenant in the Third Ohio Volunteers; was quartermaster of the Eigh teenth Ohio Volunteers, and was colonel of the Ninety-second Ohio Volunteers, with which he served in the Army of the Cumberland until pros trated by pneumonia at Nashville; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Forty-fourth Con gress as a Republican, receiving 11,655 votes against 10,056 votes for Wyley H. Oklham, Democrat, and 360 votes for M. Alderman, Prohibitionist; was re- elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 14,620 votes against 14,116 votes for Poston, Democrat, serving from December 6, 1875. Vail Winkle, Peter G., was born at New- York City September 7, 1808; received an academic education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Parkersburg (in what is now West Virginia) in 1835; was a practising lawyer until 1852, when he became treasurer, and subse quently president, of a railroad company; was a member of the Virginia State Constitutional Con vention in 1850 ; was a member of the Wheeling Re organizing Convention in 1861 ; was a delegate to the Convention which framed the Constitution of the State of West Virginia; was a member of the legis lature of West Virginia in 1863; was elected United- States senator from West Virginia as a Union man, and served from December 7, 1863, to March 4, 1869 ; he died at Parkersburg, West Virginia, of a ner vous prostration, aggravated by dropsy of the chest, September 7, 1808. Van Wyck, Charles H., was born at Pough- keepsie November, 1824; graduated at Rutgers Col lege, New Jersey; studied and practised law; was district-attorney of Sullivan County from 1850 to 1856; entered the Union army as colonel of the Tenth Legion, or Fifty-sixth New- York Volunteers, and commanded it during the war for the suppres sion of the Rebellion, receiving the rank of brigadier- general ; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving 6,681 votes against 5,532 votes for Niven, Democrat, and 1,587 votes for Friend, American; was re-elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress, receiving 8,311 votes against 8,163 rotes for St. John, Fusionist, serving from De cember 5, 1859, to March 3, 1863; was again elected to tha Fortieth Congress, receiving 10,194 votes against 9,933 votes for Anderson, Democrat; and was elected to the Forty-first Congress as a Repub lican (the House deciding that he received more votes than George W. Greene, Democrat, who claimed the seat), serving from March 4, 1867, to March 3, 1871; removed to Nebraska, and engaged in agricultural operations; was a member of the State "Senate in 1878. Van Wyck, William W., was born in Dutch- ess County, New York; resided at Fishkill; was elected a representative from New York in the Seventeenth Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Eighteenth Congress, serving from December 3, 1821, to March 3, 1825. Varnum, James Mitchell (a brother of Joseph Bradley Varnum), was born at Dracut, Massachu setts, in 1749; received a classical education, graduat ing at Rhode-Island College in 1769; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at East Greenwich, Rhode Island; was chosen com mander of the Kentish Guards in 1774, and colonel of the First Rhode-Island Infantry in 1789; was trans ferred to the Continental service in 1776, and promot ed to the rank of brigadier-general in 1777; directed the defence of FortMifllin; was at the winter en- <Miii]>meiit at Valley Forge, and at the battle of Momnouth, resigning in 1779; was elected a dele gate from Rhode Island in the Continental Congress L780-1782, and again in 1780-1787; was appointed a judge oi the United-States Court in the North-west rerritonr; removed in June, 1788, to Marietta, Ohio, and died there January 10, 1789. Varnum, John, was born in Essex County, Massachusetts, in 1783; received a classical educa tion, graduating at Harvard University; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Haverhill, Massachusetts; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Nineteenth Congress; was re-elected to the Twentieth and Twenty-first Congresses, serving from December 5, 1825, to March 3, 1831 ; removed to Niles, Michigan, where he died July 23, 1836. Varnum, Joseph Bradley (brother of James Mitchell Varnum), was born at Dracut, Massachu setts, in 1759; received a public-school education; served as brigadier-general in the Revolutionary war; was a member of the State Senate, House of Repre sentatives, and council ; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Fourth Congress; was re-elected to the Fifth, Sixth, Seventh, Eighth, Ninth, Tenth, and Eleventh Congresses, serving from December 7, 1795, to March 3, 1811, serving the last two terms as speaker; was elected a United- States senator from Massachusetts, defeating Timo thy Pickering, serving from November 4, 1811, to March 3, 1817; was a delegate to the State Constitu tional Convention of 1829; was major-general of militia; died suddenly at Dracut, Massachusetts, September 11, 1821. Vaughan, William W"., was elected a repre sentative from Tennessee in the Forty-second Con gress as a Democrat, receiving 13,990 votes against 5,346 votes for W. J. Smith, Republican, and 3,290 votes for E. Shaw, Independent Republican, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1873; died at Mem phis, Tennessee, August 19, 1878. Veeder, William D., was born at Guilderland, Albany County, New York, May 19, 1835 ; received an academical education; studied law at Albany with Peter Cagger and Nicholas II ill; was admitted to the bar in March, 1858, and commenced practice at Brooklyn ; was a member of the State Assembly in 1865 and 18G6; was a member of the Democratic State Committee 1875-1877; was a member of the New- York State Constitutional Convention 1867- 1868; was surrogate of King s County, New York, 1867-1877; w r as ejected a representative from New York in the Forty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, re ceiving 17,916 votes against 10,630 votes for James Cavanagh, Republican. Venable, Abraham B., was born in Virginia; received a classical education, graduating at Prince ton College in 1780; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Second Congress; was re- elected to the Third, Fourth, and Fifth Congresses, serving from October 24, 1791, to March 3, 1799; was elected a United-States senator from Virginia (in place of Stevens T. Mason, deceased), serving from December 13, 1803, to June 7, 1804, when he resigned ; perished with about seventy others in the conflagration of the theatre at Richmond, Vir ginia, December 26, 1811. Venable, Abraham Watkins, was born in Prince Edward County, Virginia, October 17, 1799; received a classical education, graduating at Hamp- den-Sidney College in 1816; studied medicine for two years, and then went to Princeton, where he graduated in 1816; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1821, and commenced practice; was a presidential elector in 1832 on the Jackson and Van Buren ticket, and again in 1832 on the Vail Buren and Johnson ticket; was elected a represen tative from North Carolina in the Thirtieth Con gress as a Democrat, receiving 4,588 votes against 4,435 votes for John Kerr, Whig; was re-elected to the Thirty-first Congress, receiving 5,025 votes against 4,315 votes for H. K. Nash, Whig; and was re-elected to the Thirty-second Congress, receiving 3,616 votes against 2,520 votes for Graves, Oppo sition, serving from December 6, 1847, to March 3, 1853 ; was a presidential elector in 1860 on the Breck- iuridge and Lane ticket; was a delegate from North STATISTICAL SKETCHES. GT7 Carolina to the adjourned session of the Provisional Confederate Congress which met at Richmond in July, 1801; died at Brownsville, North Carolina, February 24, 1876. Verplanck, Daniel C. (father of Gulian C. Verplanck), was born in Dutchess County, New York, in 1761; received an academical education; resided at Fishkill; was elected a representative from New York in the Eighth Congress; was re- elected to the Ninth and Tenth Congresses, serving from October 17, 1893, to March 3,1809; was first judge of the Court of Common Pleas for Dutchess County March 11, 1828-January 16, 1830; interested himself in agriculture ; died at his country-seat near Fishkill March 29, 1834. Verplanck, Gulian C. (son of Daniel C. Ver planck), was born at New York August, 1786; re ceived a classical education, graduating at Colum bia College in 1801 ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar; travelled extensively in Europe ; returned home, and commenced practice; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1820-1822; was professor of the evidences cf Christianity in the Protestant Episcopal Theological Seminary at New- York City; was elected a representative from New York in the Nineteenth Congress as a Jackson Democrat; was re-elected to the Twentieth, Twenty- first, and Twenty-second Congresses, serving from December 5, 1825, to March 2, 1833; was defeated as the Whig candidate for mayor of New York in 1834; was a member of the State Senate 183S-1841 ; was for some years president of the Board cf Commissioners of Emigration, one of the vestrymen of Trinity Church, one of the governors of the City Hospital, and vice-chancellor of the State University; he died at New- York City March 18, 1870. He published " The Early European Friends of America," " Essays on the Evidences of Revealed Religion," " Oration on the Law of Literary Property," " The Talisman," " Discourses on Various Subjects," and an edition of Shakspeare s plays, with notes. Verree, John P., was born at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, in 1819; received a public-school education; was an iron-manufacturer; was for six years a member of the Philadelphia city council, serving four years as presiding officer; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Republican, receiving 6,977 votes against 5,834 votes for Landy, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress, receiving 8,931 votes against 8,909 votes for Kline, Democrat, and 359 votes for Hamilton, Unionist, serving from December 5, 1C59, to March 3, 1803. Vibbord, Cliauncy, was born at Galway, Sara toga County, New York, November 11, 1811; re ceived a common-school education ; was a clerk in a store; entered the service of the Utica and Schenec- tady Railroad as clerk in a ticket-office, and became superintendent cf the road; was superintendent of the Now- York Central Railroad; was elected a rep resentative from New York in the Thirty-seventh Congress as a Democrat, receiving 12,019 votes against 11,602 votes for Mix, Republican, serving from July 4, 1831, to March 3, 1863. Vickero, George, was born in Chestertown, Kent County, Maryland, November 19, 1801 ; received an academic education ; became a clerk in the coun- ty-clcrk s office; studied law; was admitted to the bar in IS 32, and practised at Chestertown ; was a delegate to the Whig National Convention at Balti more, in 1852; declined the appointment of judge respectively tendered by Governors Hicks and Brad ford; was appointed major-general of militia in 1801 by the former; was a presidential elector on the McClellan ticket in 1864; was a member of the State Senate cf Maryland in 1866 and 1867 ; was one cf the vice-presidents of the Union Convention held in Philadelphia in 1866 ; was elected United-States sena tor from Maryland as a Conservative Democrat (to fill the vacancy created by the rejection of Philip Fran cis Thomas), serving from March 9, 1SC8, to March 3, 1873. Videl, Michel, was born at Languedoc, France ; received an academical education ; immigrated to the republic of Texas ; was subsequently a writer for journals in New Orleans, New York, and Quebec; established "The St. Landry Progress " in 1857; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention of 1868; was elected a representative from Louisiana in the Fortieth Congress, serving from July 18, 1868, to March 3, 18G9; was appointed consul at Tripoli. Vining, John, was a delegate from Delaware to the Continental Congress 1784-1780; was elected a representative from Delaware in the First Congress; was re-elected to the Second Congress, serving from May 6, 1789, to March 2, 1793; was elected a United- States senator from Delaware, serving from Decem ber 2_, 1793, to March 0, 1798, when he resigned. Vinton, Samuel P., was born at South Had- ley, Massachusetts, September 25, 1792; received a classical education, graduating at Williams College, in Massachusetts, in 1814; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1816, and commenced practice at Galli- polis ; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Eighteenth Congress as a Whig, and was re-elected to the Nineteenth, Twentieth, Twenty-first, Twenty- second, Twenty-third, and Twenty-fourth Congresses, serving from December 1, 1823, to March 3, 1837; was a presidential elector on the Harrison ticket; was again elected to the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Whig, receiving 4,133 votes against 3,269 votes for Cleveland, Democrat, -and 213 votes for Buckingham, Unionist; was re-elected to the Twenty-ninth and Thirtieth Congresses ; was re-elected to the Thirty-first Congress, receiving 5,799 votes against 4,416 Votes for Tucker, Democrat, serving frcm~December 4. 1843, to March 3, 1851 ; was appointed a commissioner by President Lincoln to appraise the slaves emancipated in the District cf Columbia in 1862; died at Wash ington City in May, 1802. Voorheeo, Daniel W., was born in Fountain County, Indiana, September 26, 1828; received a classical education, graduating at the Indiana Asbury University in 1849; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1851, and commenced practice at Crawfords- ville, Indiana, in 1851 ; was defeated as the Demo cratic candidate for the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiv ing 11,072 votes against 11,302 votes for James Wil son, Republican; was appointed by President Bu chanan United-States attorney for the district of Indiana 1858-1860; went to Virginia in 1859 as coun sel for John E. Cook, one cf John Brown s raiders; was elected a representative from Indiana in the Thirty-seventh Congress as a Democrat, receiving 12,535 votes against 11,516 votes for Thomas H. Nel son, Republican ; was re-elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, receiving 12,457 votes against 9,1-70 votes for H. D. Scott, Republican; was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiving 12,880 votes against 12,290 votes for Washburn, Republican, serving from July 4, 1861, to February 23, 1800, when his election was successfully contested, and his seat given to Henry D. Washburn; was again elected to the Forty- first Congress, and was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress, receiving 17,278 votes against 15,843 votes for Dunn, Republican, serving from March 4, 1869, to March 3, 1873; was appointed a United-States sen ator from Indiana (in place of Oliver P. Morton, de ceased), serving from November 12, 1877. His term of office will expire with the next meeting of the legislature of Indiana. V OS6, Roger, was born in New Hampshire in 176:5; received a classical education, graduating at Harvard University in 1790; studied law; was admit ted to the bar, and commenced practice at Walpole, New Hampshire ; was a member of the State Senate and House of Representatives; was elected a repre sentative from New Hampshire in the Thirteenth Congress as a Federalist on the "Peace ticket," headed by Daniel Webster, receiving 18,611 votes 678 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. against 15,966 votes for S. Dinsmore, War Democrat; was re-elected to the Fourteenth Congress, serving from May 24, 1813, to March 3, 1817 ; was chief jus tice of the Court of Common Pleas for the Western Circuit ; died at Walpole, New Hampshire, October 28, 1841. Vroom, Peter D., was born in Somerset County, New Jersey, in 1701 ; received a classical education, graduating at Columbia College, New York, in 1808; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1813, and practised successively in Morris, Sussex, Hunterdon, and Somerset Counties ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1826, 1827, and 1829; was elected governor of New Jersey as a Jackson Democrat in 1829, 1831; was defeated as the Demo cratic candidate for governor by S. L. Southard, Whig, iu 1832, but again elected in 1833-1836 ; was appointed by President Van Buren in 1838 a commis sioner to adjust the claims of the Indians in Missis sippi; claimed to have a certificate of election to the Twenty-fifth Congress with the " broad seal "of the State, but was not admitted to a seat; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Twenty-sixth Congress as a Democrat, and, after much discussion, he was admitted to a seat, serving from March 10, 1340. to March 3, 1841 ; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention in 1844; was a presiden tial elector on the Pierce and King ticket in 1852; was appointed by Governor Fort in 1853 to the chief justiceship of the State Supremo Court, but declined it; was appointed by President Pierce minister to Prussia, serving from May 24, 1853, to August 10, 1857 : was a delegate from New Jersey to the Peace Convention at Washington in 1801 ; was appointed a commissioner of the State sinking fund in 1864 ; was a presidential elector on the Seymour ticket in 1868; died at Trenton, New Jersey, November 18, 1873. He published five volumes cf "Reports of the Su preme Court of New Jersey." Waddell, Alfred Moore, was born at Hills- borough, North Carolina, September 16, 1834; was educated at Bingham s School and Caldwell Institute at Hillsborough, and graduated at the University of North Carolina in 1853; studied law, and practised at Wilmington; was clerk of a Court of Equity from 1853 until 1861 ; was a delegate to the National Con servative Convention at Baltimore in 1860 which nominated Bell and Everett; owned and edited " The Wilmington Daily Herald" from May, I860, to May, 1861 ; served in the Confederate array as lieutenant- colonel of cavalry; was elected a representative from North Carolina in the Forty-second Congress as a Democrat by a majority of 351 over O. II. Dockery, Republican; was re-elected to the Forty-third Con gress, receiving 14,236 votes against 13,557 votes for N. McKay, Republican; was re-elected to the Forty- fourth Congress, receiving 15,572 votes against 14,285 votes for Neil McKay, Republican ; was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 17,534 votes against 15,796 votes for W. P. Canada, Republican, serving from March 4, 1871. Wade, Benjamin F., was born in Feeding Hills Parish (near Springfield), Massachusetts, Oc tober 27, 1800; received a public-school education; went to Ohio, where he was a school-teacher and farmer while studying law; after commencing prac tice, he held several local offices in Ashtabula Coun ty, Ohio ; was a member of the State Senate of Ohio from 1837 to 1833; was president of the Third Judi cial Circuit of Ohio in 1847; was elected to the Unit ed-States Senate as a Republican (to succeed Thomas Ewing, Whig) ; took his seat December 1, 1851 ; was re-elected in 1857, and again re-elected in 1863, serv- inguutil March 4, 1869. Wade, Edward, was born at West Springfield, ichusetts, November 22, 1803; received a public- >1 education; removed with his father to Ashta bula County, Ohio, in 1821; studied law; was admit ted to the bar iu 1827, and commenced practice at Jefferson, Ohio ; removed iu 1832 to Unionville, and in 1837 to Cleveland; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirty-third Congress as a Free-soil candidate, receiving 5,274 votes against 4,046 votes for Case, Whig, and 3,715 votes for Wilson, Demo crat ; was re-elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress as a Republican, receiving 7,699 votes against 3,079 votes for Wilder, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving 9,431 votes against 4,467 votes for Hilliard, Democrat; and was re-elect ed to the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving 8,557 votes against 4,597 votes for Gray, Democrat, and 99 votes for Kelly, Independent, serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1861; died at Cleveland, Ohio, Au gust 7, 1862. Wadleigh, Bainbridge, was born at Bradford, New Hampshire, January 4, 1831 ; received an aca demical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in February, 1850, and practised at Milford ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1855, 1856, 1859, 1860, 1869, 1870, 1871, and 1872; was elected a United-States senator from New Hampshire as a Republican (to succeed J. W. Patterson, Repub lican), and took his seat March 4, 1873. His term of service will expire March 3, 1879. Wadsworth, James, was born in Durham, Connecticut, July 6, 1730 ; received a classical edu cation, graduating at Yale College in 1748; was town-clerk of Durham 1756-1786; was colonel and brigadier-general of Connecticut militia in 1776, and second major-general in 1777 ; was ordered to New Haven to defend the towns on the coast in 1777, and was for some time a member of the State Committee of Safety ; was for some years a justice, and then the presiding justice, of the New-Haven County Court of Common Pleas ; was a delegate from Connecticut to the Continental Congress 1783-1786 ; was a member of the Executive Council 1785-1790 ; died at Durham, Connecticut, September 22, 1817. W^adsworth, Jeremiah, was born at Hartford, Connecticut, in 1743; was the originator of numer ous plans for the improvement of his native town, and held a number of local offices; was commis sary-general of the Continental army during the greater part of the war of the Revolution; was a delegate to the Continental Congress in 1786-1788; was elected a representative from Connecticut in the First Congress as a Federalist; was re-elected to the Second and Third Congresses, serving from March 4, 1789, to March 3, 1795 ; died at Hartford, Connecti cut, April 30, 1804. \Vadsworth, Peleg, was born at Duxbury, Massachusetts, May 6, 1748; received a classical edu cation, graduating at Harvard University in 1769; taught school at Plymouth with Alexander Scam- mell, and engaged in commercial pursuits; served throughout the Revolutionary war; removed to Port land in 1784, and became a land agent and surveyor; was a member of the State Senate in 1792; was elected a representative from that portion of Massa chusetts which was afterwards Maine in the Third Congress ; was re-elected to the Fourth, Fifth, Sixth, Seventh, Eighth, and Ninth Congresses, serving from December 2, 1793, to March 3, 1807; removed in the fall of 1807 to Oxford County, Maine, to sur vey and improve a large tract of land granted to him by government for his services; died at Hiram, Ox ford County, Maine, November 18, 1829. Wadsworth, William H., was born at Mays- ville, Kentucky, July 4, 1821; received a classical education at the Augusta College of Kentucky; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and com menced practice at Maysville, Kentucky; was a member of the State Senate in 1853 and 1855; was a presidential elector on the Bell and Everett ticket; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Thirty-seventh Congress as a Democrat, receiving 12,130 votes against 3,850 votes for Williams, Seces sionist; was re-elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, receiving 6,638 votes against 567 votes for Brown, Democrat, serving from July 4, 1861, to March 3, STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 679 1865; was appointed a commissioner under the Claims Convention of July 4, 1808, between the United States and Mexico. Wagener, David D M was born atEaston, Penn sylvania; received a public-school education; en gaged in mercantile pursuits; was for many years president of the EastonBank; was elected a repre sentative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-third Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty-fourth, Twenty-fifth, and Twenty-sixth Con gresses, serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1841. Waggamann, George A., was born in 1790; was a practising lawyer at New Orleans, and also in terested in sugar-planting ; was secretary of state of the State of Louisiana under three successive gov ernors; was elected a United-States senator from Louisiana (in place of Edward Livingston, resigned) as a Whig, serving from January 3, 1832, to March 3, 1835; died at New Orleans March 23, 1843, from the effects of a wound received in a duel. Wagner, Peter J., was born in New York; re sided at Fort Plain; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-sixth Congress as a Whig, receiving 4,491 votes against 4,441 votes for David F. Sacia, Democrat, serving from. December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1841. "Wait, John Turner, was born at New London, Connecticut, August 27, 1811; received a mercantile training in early life, and afterwards was two years at Trinity College, Hartford; studied law; was ad mitted to the bar in 1830, and practised at Norwich; was State s attorney for the county of New London in 1842-1844 and in 1840-1854; has been president of the Bar Association of that county from its or ganization in 1874 to the present time; was an un successful candidate for lieutenant-governor on the Democratic ticket in 1854-1857, receiving each year the highest vote on the ticket; was the first elector at large as a War Democrat in 1804 on the Lincoln and Johnson ticket; was a member of the State Sen ate in 18(35 and 1800, serving the last year as president pro tempore ; was a member of the State House of representatives in 1807, 1871, and 1873, serving as speaker the first year, and subsequently declining that position; was an unsuccessful candidate for lieutenant-governor on the Republican ticket in 1874, receiving the highest vote on the ticket; was elected to the Forty-fourth Congress (to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Hon. H. H. Starkweather) ; was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress as a Repub lican, receiving 11,283 votes against 9,535 votes for Thomas M. Waller, Democrat, and 175 votes for Elisha H. Palmer, Prohibitionist, serving from April 12, 1876. Wakeman, Abraham, was born at Fairfield, Connecticut, May 31, 1824; received an academical education by his own industry ; studied law in Her- kimer County, New York; removed to New-York City in 1840; was admitted to the bar in 1847, and commenced practice there; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1850 and 1851 ; was an alderman of the city of New York 1854-1850 ; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-fourth Congress as an American, receiving 4,895 votes against 2,909 votes for Curtis, Democrat, and 1,099 for Fellows, Democrat, serving from De cember 3, 1855, to March 3, 1857. Wakeman, Seth, was born at Franklin, Ver mont. January 15, 1811; studied law, and practised at Batavia, New York ; was district-attorney of Gene- see County, New York, from 1851 to 1857; was a member of the Assembly of the State of New York 1850-1857; was a member of the State Constitutional Convention of New York in 1807-1868; and was elected a representative from New York in the Forty-second Congress as a Republican, receiving 12,134 votes against 9,039 votes for J. Gr. Shepard, Democrat, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1873. Walbridge, David S., was born at Benning- tou, Vermont, July 30, 1802; received a public- school education; was a farmer, a merchant, and a miller; removed to Michigan in 1842, and settled at Kalamazoo; was elected a representative from Michi gan in the Thirty-fourth Congress as a Republican, receiving 12,865 votes against 10,178 votes for Clark, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Con gress, receiving 23,550 votes against 16,046 votes for Littlejohn, Democrat, serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1859; died at Kalamazoo, Michigan, June 15, 1808. Walbridge, Henry S., resided at Ithaca, New York; was elected a representative from New York .-i ruiK iiuni uci^iiiLitl J., 1COJ., IO OLtU Walbridge, Hiram, was born at Ithaca, New York, February 2, 1821; removed with his parents in 1836 to Toledo, Ohio ; received an academical edu cation; studied law with M. II. Tilden; was admitted to the bar in 1842, and practised at Toledo; removed to New York in 1847, and engaged in commercial pursuits; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 5,814 votes against 4,797 votes for Bowen, Whig, serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855 ; was a devoted friend of the Union during the war for the suppression of the Rebellion ; was vice- president of a National Commercial Convention at Chicago, and subsequently presided over similar con ventions at Detroit arid Louisville; was defeated as the Union candidate for the Thirty-eighth Congress, receiving 4,535 votes against 7,828 votes for Benja min Wood, Democrat; retired from business; died at the Astor House, New- York City, after a painful surgical operation for the stone, December 6, 1870. Walden, Hiram, was born at Rutland, Ver mont, August 29, 1800; received a public-school education; removed with his father to New York, and located at Wright, Scoharie County ; became a wool-carder and cloth-dresser; was interested in the militia, and became, by gradual promotion, a major- general ; was a member of the State House of Repre sentatives in 1830; was supervisor of the County of Scoharie in 1842 ; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-first Congress as a Demo crat, receiving 0,636 votes against 0,339 votes for Smith, Whig, and 2,787 votes for Hammond, Van Burcn Democrat, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1851. Walden, Madison M., was born in Adams County, Ohio, October 6, 1836; was educated at a district-school and the Denmark Academy; attended for one year the Iowa Wesleyan University; gradu ated at the Wesleyan University at Delaware, Ohio, in 1859; served in the Union army from May, 1861, to May, 1865, as captain in the Sixth Iowa Infantry and Eighth Iowa Cavalry; was in charge of a news paper at Centre ville, Iowa; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1866 and 1867; was a member of the State Senate in 1868 and 1869; was lieutenant-governor of Iowa in 1870; and was elected a representative from Iowa in the Forty- second Congress as a Republican, receiving 19,005 votes against 14,883 votes for W. T. Smith, Demo crat, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1873. W^aldo, Loren P., was born at Canterbury, Connecticut, February 2, 1802; received a public- school education ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar in September, 1825, and commenced practice at Tolland Court House, Connecticut ; was State s attor ney for Tolland County 1837-1849; was two years judge of the Court of Probate, and six years a mem ber of the State legislature ; was elected a represen tative from Connecticut in the Thirty-first Congress as a Democrat, receiving 7,444 votes against 7,327 votes for Chapman, Whig, and 28 scattering, serv ing from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1851; was commissioner of the State school fund; was 680 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. appointed by President Pierce commissioner of pensions, serving from March 17, 1853, to June 5, 1850, when he was elected by the legislature of Con necticut a judge of the Supreme Court. Waldrbn,^ Henry, was born at Albany, New York, October 11, 1819; graduated at Rutgers Col lege. New Jersey, in 1836; removed to Michigan in js;;;. and engaged in business pursuits; was a mem ber of the Michigan legislature in 1843 : was elected a representative from Michigan in the Thirty-fourth Congress as a Republican, receiving 11,055 votes ag:iinst 8.113 votes for Noble, Democrat; was re- elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving 10,407 votes against 10,064 votes for Barry, Democrat ; was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving 14,653 votes against 10,137 votes for Stacy, Democrat ; was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress as a Republican, receiving 18,348 votes against 17,447 votes for N. B. Eldrfdge, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress, receiving 17,427 votes against 10,542 votes for A. Mahan, Liberal ; and was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Congress, receiving 14,611 votes against 14,054 votes for John J, Robin son, Democrat. Wales, George E., was born in Wyndham County, Vermont; received an academical educa tion; was a member of the State House of Repre sentatives 1818-1824, serving the last two years as speaker; was elected a representative from Vermont in the Nineteenth Congress, receiving 1,580 majority; was re-elected to the Twentieth Congress, serving from December 5, 1825, to March 3, 1829; was judge of probate for Hartford County 1843-1848. Wales, John, resided at Wilmington, Dela ware; was elected a United-States senator from Delaware (in place of John M. Clayton, resigned) as a Whig, serving from February 26, 1849, to March 3, 185!; died at Wilmington, Delaware, December 3, 1863. W^alker, Amasa, was born at Woodstock, Con necticut, May 4, 1799; received a public-school edu cation at North Brookfield, Massachusetts, where he afterwards resided; engaged in mercantile pursuits at Boston 1825-1840; became a zealous reformer; was professor of political economy at Oberlin Col lege 1842-1849; was a delegate to the International Peace Convention in 1843, and again in 1849; was a member of the State House of Representatives from North Brookfield in 1849, and State senator in 1850; was secretary of state of Massachusetts in 1851 and 3853; was a member of the State Constitutional Convention in 1853; was elected a representative in the Thirty-seventh Congress as a Republican (to fill the vacancy caused by the death of G. F. Bailey), serving from December 1, 1862, until March 3, 1803; was lecturer on political economy at Amherst Col lege 1861-1875; was a presidential elector on the Lincoln and Hamlin ticket in 1860; was delegate to the Philadelphia Loyalists Convention in 1806; died at North Brookrield, Massachusetts, October 29, 1875. He published " The Science of Wealth," a financial text-book, with numerous official documents, lec tures, and orations. Walker, Benjamin, was born at Utica, New York ; was elected a representative from New York in the Seventh Congress as a Democrat, receiving 4,204 votes against 2,216 votes for Jacob Eaker, Federalist, serving from December 7. 1801. to March 3, 1803. Walker, Charles C. B., was born at Drews- ville, New Hampshire, June 27, 1824; received an academic education; removed to Corning, New York, in 1848; was elected supervisor of Corning, and was postmaster there 1850-1860; was a delegate I-) the National Democratic Convention at Charles ton in 1860; served as an assistant quartermaster- general at the camp at Elmira in 1861 ; was a delegate to the National Democratic Convention at Baltimore in Ls~2; was a member of the State Democratic Cen tral Committee of New York from 1852 until 1874; and was elected a representative from New York in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 17,020 votes against 14,128 votes for Hakes, Repub lican, serving from December 6, 1875, to Match 3, 1877. W^alker, David, was born in Kentucky; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Fif teenth Congress, defeating Solomon P. Sharpe; was re-elected to the Sixteenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1817, to March 1, 1820, when he died at Washington City, having previously sent a request to Congress that his death should not be officially no ticed, a request which was complied with. W^alker, Felix, was born in Hampshire Coun ty, Virginia, July 19, 1753; removed to North Caro lina, w T iiere he became a friend of Daniel Boone, with whom he explored Kentucky in 1774-1775 ; settled in Tryon (afterwards Rutherford) County, North Caro lina; was a member of the State House of Represen tatives in 1799-1806; was elected a representative from North Carolina in the Fifteenth, Sixteenth, and Seventeenth Congresses, serving from December 1, 1817, until March 3, 1823; was defeated for re election to the Eighteenth Congress by R. B. Vance ; removed to Tennessee, and thence to Mississippi, where he died in 1863. W^alker, Francis, was elected a representative from Virginia in the Third Congress, serving from December 2, 1793, to March 3, 1795. W^alker, Freeman, resided at Augusta, Geor gia ; was elected a United-States senator from Georgia (in place of John Forsyth, resigned) as a Democrat, serving from December 15, 1819, to August 8, 1821, when he resigned ; died at Au gusta, Georgia, September 23, 1827. W^alker, George, was born in Kentucky; was appointed a United-States senator from Kentucky (in place of George M. Bibb, resigned), serving from October 10, 1814, to February 2, 1815, when the sen ator elected by the legislature took his seat. Walker, Gilbert Carlton, was born at Bing- hamton, New York, August 1, 1832; was educated at Binghamton Academy, Williams College, Massa chusetts, and Hamilton College, New York, graduat ing from the latter institution in July, 1854; studied law ; was admitted to the bar in September, 1855, and practised in New York and Chicago until 1864, when he removed to Norfolk, Virginia, and engaged in the business cf banking; was elected, in July, 1869, governor of Virginia over H. H. Wells, Republican, by a majority of over 18,000, and retired from that office in January, 1874; was grand master of Ma sons in Virginia; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Con servative, receiving 13,325 votes against 10,710 votes for Rush Burgess, Republican; and was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 15,536 votes against 13,420 votes for C. S. Mills, Republican, serving from December 6, 1875. W^alker, Isaac P., resided at Milwaukee; was elected a United-States senator from Wisconsin as a Democrat, serving from June 26, 1848, to March 3, 1855. W"alker, John, was born in Virginia; was ap pointed a United-States senator from Virginia (in place of William Grayson, deceased), serving from May 4, 1790, to December 6, 1790, when the senator elected by the legislature took his seat. W^alker, Jonn Williams, received a classical education, graduating at Princeton College in 1806; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Huntsville, Alabama; was elected one of the first United-States senators from Alabama, serving from December 14, 1819, to December, 1822, when he re signed on account of ill health ; died at Huntsville, Alabama, April 11, 1823. W^alker, Percy, was born near Huntsville, Ala bama; received an academical education; studied medicine, graduating in 1885 from the medical de partment of the University of Pennsylvania, and STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 681 commenced practice at Mobile, Alabama; was a lieu tenant of Alabama volunteers during the campaign against the Creek Indians; studied law; was a mem ber of the State House of Representatives in 1839; was admitted to the bar in 1842, and commenced prac tice at Mobile; was State s attorney for the Sixth Judicial District for four years; was again a member of the State House of Representatives in 1847 and in 1853; was elected a representative from Alabama in the Thirty-fourth Congress as an American, re ceiving 5,293 votes against 4,689 votes for Stallworth, Democrat, serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1857; declined a renomination. Walker, Robert J., was born at Northumber land, Pennsylvania, July 19, 1801 ; received a clas sical education, graduating at the University of Penn sylvania in 1819; studied law with his father; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, in 1821; removed to Mis sissippi in 1826, and located at Madisonville; was appointed a United-States senator from Mississippi (no successor to George Poindexter having been elected) as a Democrat; and was re-elected, serving from February 22, 1836, to March 5, 1845, when he resigned; was appointed by President Polk secretary of the treasury, serving from March 6, 1845, to March 3, 1849 ; visited England ; was appointed by President Buchanan governor of Kansas in 1857, but soon resigned; was appointed by President Lincoln in 1863 financial agent to Europe; was the counsel for the Russian Government when Alaska was sold to the United States; had an extensive practice before the Supreme Court; and died at Washington City No vember 11, 1809. _ Walker, William A., was born in New Hamp shire; received a public-school education; removed to New-York City; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-third Congress as a Demo crat, receiving 5,801 votes against 4,702 votes for Roberts, Whig, and 638 scattering, serving from De cember 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855 ; died at New York December 18, 1861. Wall, Garret D. (father of James W. Wall), was born in Monmouth County, New Jersey, March 10, 1783; received an academical education ; studied law at Trenton ; was admitted to the bar in 1807, and commenced practice at Burlington, New Jersey; was clerk of the Supreme Court 1812-1817; was State quartermaster-general 1815-1837 ; was a mem ber of the State House of Representatives in 1827 ; was United-States attorney for the district of New Jersey in 1829; was elected the same year as gov ernor of the State of New Jersey, but declined ; was elected a United-States senator from New Jersey as a Democrat, serving from December 7, 1835, to March 3, 1841 ; was judge of the Court of Errors and Ap peals 1848-1850; died at Burlington, New Jersey, of dropsy on the chest, November 22, 1850. Wall, James W. (son of Garret D. Wall), was born at Trenton, New Jersey, in 1820; received a classical education, graduating at the College of New Jersey at New Brunswick in 1839; studied law with Daniel Haines; was admitted to the bar in 1842, and commenced practice at Trenton; was commissioner of bankruptcy; removed to Burlington in 1847; was mayor of Burlington in 1850; visited Europe in 1854; he took strong grounds in 1861 against coercing the South, and was imprisoned for some time in Fort Lafayette ; was elected a United-States senator from New Jersey (in place of John R. Thomson, de ceased) as a Democrat, serving from January 21, 1863, to March 3, 1803; died at Elizabeth, New Jersey, June 9, 1872. He published "Foreign Etchings, or Visits to the Old World s Pleasant Places," and was a frequent contributor to Democratic newspapers. Wall, W^illiam, was born at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, March 20, 1801; received a public- school education; served a seven-years apprentice ship to the trade of ropemaker; removed to King s County, Long Island, in 1822, and was so successful in his business that he retired with a fortune in 1856; held a number of local offices; was a commis sioner of the Brooklyn Water- Works ; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-seventh Congress as a Republican, receiving 6,877 votes against 6,811 votes for Taylor, Democrat, and 3,085 votes for Duffy, Independent Democrat, serving from July 4, 1861, to March 3, 1863; died at Brooklyn, New York, April 20, 1872. Wallace, Alexander S., was born in York County, South Carolina, December 30, 1810; received a common-school education; was a planter; was ap pointed a magistrate in 1838, and was successively re-appointed until 1853 ; was elected a member of the legislature of South Carolina in 1852 as a Union can didate in opposition to the secession movement of 1851, and re-elected in 1853, 1854, 1855, 1858, and 1859; and was a Union candidate in 1860, but was defeated by the Secessionists; was again elected in 1865 as a Union candidate; was appointed internal-revenue collector of the Third District of South Carolina in July, 1866, which office he held until he was elected to Congress ; was elected a representative from South Carolina in the Forty-first Congress as a Republican ; was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress, receiv ing 16,646 votes against 13,422 votes for I. G. McKis- sick, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress, receiving 14,590 votes against 12,879 votes for B. F. Perry, Democrat ; and was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Congress, receiving 16,452 votes against 14,445 votes for Joseph B. Kersha w, Democrat, serv ing from March 4, 1809, to March 3, 1877. Wallace, Daniel, was born in Union County, South Carolina; was elected a representative from South Carolina in the Thirtieth Congress (in place of James A. Black, deceased), receiving 3,369 votes against 3,044 votes for H. H. Thompson, and 2,097 votes f or F. W. Davie; was re-elected to the Thirty- first Congress, receiving no opposition ; was re-elected to the Thirty-second Congress, serving from June 12, 1848, to March 3, 1853. W^allace, David, was born at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, April 4, 1799; removed with his pa rents to Ohio; received a military education, gradu ating from the West-Point Military Academy in 1820; was assistant professor of mathematics there January, 1820-February, 1821; was commissioned brevet sec ond lieutenant in the Second Artillery July 1, 1821, and resigned June 1, 1822 ; removed to Indianapolis, Indiana; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised; was a member of the State House of Rep resentatives in 1830 and in 1833; was governor of Indiana 1837-1840 ; was elected a representative from Indiana in the Twenty-seventh Congress as a Whig, serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1843; was defeated as the Whig candidate for the Twenty- seventh Congress, receiving 6,314 votes against 7,399 votes for W. J. Brown, Democrat ; was State prose- cuting-attorney; was a delegate to the State Consti tutional Convention ; was elected in 1856 judge of the Court of Common Pleas at Indianapolis, Indiana, where he died September 5, 1859. W^allace, James (whose name generally ap peared in the Journal of the House, against his protest, as James M. Wallace), was born in Dauphin County, Pennsylvania; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Fourteenth Congress ; was re-elected to the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Congresses, serving from December 4, 1815, to March 3, 1821. Wallace, John W., was born at Beaver Falls, Pennsylvania, December 20, 1818; received a clas sical education ; studied medicine, and graduated at Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, in 1846; located at Darlington, Pennsylvania, but removed in 1850 to New Castle, and soon acquired an extensive practice; served as a delegate to several state and national conventions; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-seventh Congress as a Republican, receiving 7,636 votes against 6,102 votes for Holsteiu, Democrat, serving from July 4, 1861, to 682 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. March 3, 1863, and was renominated in 1862, but defeated, the district having been changed ; entered the Union army in 1863 as paymaster, and served until the close of the war; was a presidential elector in 1872 on the Grant and Wilson ticket, and was asain elected to the Forty-fourth Congress as a Re publican, receiving 9,347 votes against 8,538 -votes for George W. Miller, Democrat, serving from December 6, 1875, to March 3, 1877. Wallace, William A., was born in Hunting don County, Pennsylvania, November 28, 1827; re ceived an academic education; read law; was ad mitted to the bar in September, 1847, and has practised ever since; was a member of the State Senate of Pennsylvania 1862-1871, having been elected five times in succession, and was speaker of the Senate in 1871 ; was a member of the National Democratic Convention of 1864, and senatorial dele gate and chairman of the Pennsylvania delegation in the National Democratic Convention of 1872 ; was chairman of the Democratic State Committee of Pennsylvania for five years; was in 1874 a member of the commission to suggest amendments to the Constitution of Pennsylvania ; was elected United- States senator from Pennsylvania as a Democrat (to succeed John Scott, Republican), and took his seat March 4, 1875. His term of service will expire March 3, 1881. Wallace, William H., was born in Miami County, Ohio, July_17, 1811; was reared in Indiana, where he received a public-school education; re moved to Iowa in 1837 ; Avas a member of the State House of Representatives and its speaker; was ap pointed by President Taylor receiver of public moneys at Fairfield, Iowa; removed to Washington Territory in 1853; was for several years a member of the Territorial legislature ; was appointed by Presi dent Lincoln governor of Washington Territory in 1861 ; was elected a delegate from Washington Ter ritory in the Thirty-seventh Congress as a Repub lican, serving from July 4, 1861, to March 3, 1863; was appointed by President Lincoln in 1863 the first governor of Idaho Territory ; was elected a delegate from Idaho Territory in the Thirty-eighth Congress, serving from December 7, 1863, to March 3, 1865 ; was a delegate to the National Union Convention at Philadelphia in 1866. Walley, Samuel H., was born at Boston, Mas sachusetts, August 31, 18,)5 ; received a classical edu cation, graduating at Harvard University in 1826; studied law, and was admitted to the bar, but never practised much; was treasurer of the Seaman s (afterwards the Suffolk) Savings Bank 1833-1853, and subsequently one of its vice-presidents; was for eight years a member of the State House of Repre sentatives, and was speaker of the House in 1845- 1846 ; was auditor of the American Board of Foreign Missions 1847-1867; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Thirty-third Congress as a Whig, receiving 4,290 votes against 1,745 votes for L. A. Dowley, Democrat, 1,028 votes for Charles M. Ellis, Free-Soiler, and 30 scattering, serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855 ; was defeated as the Whig candidate for the Thirty-fourth Congress, receiving 2,760 votes against 4,912 votes for L. B. Comins, Know-Nothing, and 926 votes for L. R. Spinney, Democrat; was defeated as the Whig can didate for governor in 1855 by Henry J. Gardner, Know-Nothing, who also defeated Rockwell, Repub lican, and Beach, Democrat; was the treasurer of several railroads; was bank commissioner, and in ]s.v. became president of the Revere Bank; died at the Rockland House, Nantasket Beach, where he was spending the summer months, August 27, 1877. Walling, Ansel T., was born in Otsego Coun ty, New York, January 10, 1824; removed at the age of nine years with an elder brother to Erie County, Pennsylvania; received a common-school and aca demic education; learned the art of printing in "The Erie Observer" office; removed to Ohio in 1843; was editor and publisher of "The Mahoning Index" in the Cass and Butler campaign, and of "The Coshocton Democrat" 1850-1854; was clerk iu the legislature of Ohio 1851-1852; was admitted to the bar in 1852; removed to Iowa, and was editor and publisher of "The Keokuk Daily Times " 1855- 1858; was a delegate to" the National Democratic Convention from Iowa in 1856 ; returned to Ohio in 1861, and in 1863 resumed the practice of law at Circleville; was elected to the State Senate of Ohio in 1865, and to the State House of Representatives in 1867, serving as speaker pro tern-pore ; and was elected a representative from Ohio in the Forty- fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 13,580 votes against 9,667 votes for David Taylor, jun., Repub lican, serving from December 6, 1875, to March 3, 1877. Walls, Josiah T., was born at Winchester, Virginia, December 30, 1842; received a common- school education; was a planter; was elected a member of the State Constitutional Convention in 1868; was elected a member of the State House of Representatives in 1868; was elected to the State Senate 1869-1872; claimed to have been elected a representative from the State at large to the Forty- second Congress as a Republican, but the election was contested by his competitor, Silas L. Niblack, who took the seat January 29, 1873 ; was re-elected for the State at large, receiving 17,503 votes against 15,881 votes for Niblack, Democrat; and was re- elected to the Forty-fourth Congress, receiving 8,549 votes against 8,178 votes for Jesse J. Finley, Demo crat. Wain, Robert, was born at Philadelphia, Penn sylvania, in 1765; received a public-school educa tion; engaged in mercantile pursuits; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Fifth Con gress (in place of John Swamvick. deceased) as a Federalist, receiving 820 votes against 320 votes for Samuel Miles, Democrat ; was re-elected to the Sixth Congress, receiving 825 votes against 351 votes for Samuel Miles, Democrat, serving from December 3, 1798, to March 3, 1801 ; died January 24, 1836. W^alsh, Michael, was born at Youghal, Ire land, March 7, 1810; immigrated when a boy to Baltimore with his father, who was a graduate of Trinity College, Dublin, and who gave him a good education; learned the trade of lithographic printer; removed to New York, where he became a political wire-puller; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1839; established in 1840 a politi cal journal called " The Knickerbocker," which was stopped, after two years existence, by his conviction and imprisonment for the publication of a libel; on his release he established another political journal, called " The Subterranean," which was a scurrilous sheet, and did not live long; was president of a political club known as "The Spartan Association;" was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 4,802 votes against 2,564 votes forHawes, Whig, and 1,712 votes for Kelly, Democrat, serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855 ; was sent by Secretary Marcy on confidential errands to England and Mexico for the Department of State ; was found dead in the area of a public-house in New York March 17, 1859. A volume of his speeches was published by " The Spartan Association" in 1843. Walsh, Thomas Yates, was born at Balti more, Maryland; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Thirty-second Congress as a Whig, receiving 6,683 votes against 6,453 votes for W. Pinckney Whyte, Democrat, serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1853; was defeated as the Whig candidate for the Thirty-third Congress, receiving 6,440 votes against 6,792 votes for Henry May, Democrat. Walsh, William, was born in Ireland May 11, 1828 ; immigrated to Virginia in 1842 ; was educated STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 683 at Mount St. Mary s College, Emmcttsburg, Mary land, which conferred the degree of LL.D^on him in 1871; studied law partly at Ballston Spa, New York; was admitted to the bar in Virginia in 1850, and commenced practice at Cumberland, Maryland, in February, 1852; was chosen a presidential elector on the Democratic ticket in I860 and 1872; was a member of the State Constitutional Convention of 1807; and was elected a representative from Mary land in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 12,974 votes against 12.806 votes for Lloyd Lowndes, jun., Republican; was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 15,727 votes against 15,7io votes for Lewis E. McComas, Republican, serving from December 6, 1875. Walton, Charles W., was born at Mexico, Maine, December 9. 1819; received a public-school education; learned the art of printing; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 184:), and commenced practice at Mexico; was attorney for Oxford County 1847-1851 ; removed to Auburn in 1855 ; was attorney for Androscoggin County 1857-1800; was elected a representative from Maine in the Thirty-seventh Congress as a Republican, receiving 12,806 votes against 10,192 v.otes for Record, Democrat, serving from July 4, 18C1, to May 20, 1862, when he resigned, having been appointed by the governor a judge of the State Supreme Court. Walton, Ezekiel B., was born at Moritpelier, Vermont, February 17, 1812; received a public-school education; learned the art of printing; studied law; became the editor of "The Vermont Watchman" at Montpelier, Vermont; was a member of the State House of Representatives ; was elected a representa tive from Vermont in the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Republican, receiving 10,398 votes against 3,242 votes for Needham, Democrat ; was re-elected to the Thirty- sixth Congress, receiving 9,615 votes against 3,577 votes for Eastman, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress, receiving 10,268 votes against 3,389 votes for Wilcox, Democrat, serving from December 7, 1857, to March 3, 1863; resumed his editorial labors; was a delegate from Vermont to the National Republican Convention at Philadelphia in 1804, and has taken an active part in the politics of Vermont. W^alton, George, was born in Frederick Coun ty, Virginia, in 1740; received a public-school educa tion; was apprenticed to a carpenter; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1774, and commenced practice at Augusta; was prominent in pre-Revolu- tionary movements; was a delegate from Georgia to the Continental Congress February, 1770-October 1781 ; was colonel of a regiment of militia which aided in the defence of Savannah in December, 1778, when he was dangerously wounded in the thigh, taken prisoner, and not released until September, 1779; was governor of Georgia 1779; was chief jus tice of Georgia in 1783; was a delegate to the con vention for framing a Federal Constitution in 1787, but declined taking his seat; was again governor in 1789; was again chief justice in 1793; was appointed a United-States senator from Georgia (in place of James Jackson, resigned), serving from December 18, 1795, to April 12, 1796, when the senator elected by the legislature took his seat; died at Augusta, Georgia, February 2, 1804. Walton, Matthew, was elected a representa tive from Kentucky in the Eighth Congress ; was re- elected to the Ninth Congress, serving from October 17, 1803, to March 3, 1807 ; was a presidential elector in 18")9; died January 18, 1819. Walworth, Reuben Hyde, was born at Bozrah, Connecticut, October 26, 1789, but removed in 1793 with his father s family to Hoosick, New York ; was reared on a farm, and received a public- school education; studied law with Hon. John Rus sell at Troy; was admitted to the bar in 1809, and commenced practice at Plattsburg in 1811 ; was ap pointed justice of the peace, and master in chancery; served in the war against Great Britain as brigade- major; was elected a representative from New York in the Seventeenth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 1,200 majority, serving from December 3, 1821, to March 3, 1823; was appointed judge of the Fourth Circuit; was appointed chancellor of the State of New York in 1828; was nominated by President Tyler in 1844 to be a justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, but the Senate refused to confirm the nomination ; left the bench in 1848, when the office of chancellor was abolished, and resumed prac tice; died at Saratoga, New York, November 28, 1867. Ward, Aaron, was born at Sing Sing, New York, July 5, 1790; received an academical education; commenced the study of law; was appointed lieuten ant in the Twenty-ninth United-States Infantry May 20, 1813, and promoted to be captain May 6, 1814; served on the frontier; resigned at the close of the war; resumed his legal studies with Mr. Van Derlen of Oxford; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Sing Sing; was appointed district-attorney for Westchester County; was successively commis sioned as colonel, brigadier-general, and major-gen eral of militia; was elected a representative from New York in the Ninteenth Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Twentieth Congress, serving from December 5, 1825, to March 3, 1829; was again elected to the Twenty-second, Twenty-third, and Twenty-fourth Congresses, serving from December 5, 1831, to March 3, 1837; was again elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress, receiving 5,949 votes against 4,955 votes for Nicholas Cruger, Whig, serv ing from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1843; was a dele gate to the State Constitutional Convention in 1846; visited Europe in 1853-1854; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for secretary of state of New York in 1855 ; died at Georgetown, District of Colum bia, March 2, 1867. He published a volume of travels entitled "Around the Pyramids." Ward, Andrew H., was born in Harrison County, Kentucky; w r as defeated as the Conserva tive candidate for representative in the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiving 6,421 votes against 7,066 votes for Green Clay Smith, Unionist ; Mr. Smith resign ing, he was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Thirty-ninth Congress at a special election, receiving 8,735 votes against 1,052 votes for R. B. Carpenter, Unionist, serving from December 3, 1866, to March 3, 1867. W^ard, Artemas (father of Artemas Ward), was born at Shrewsbury, Massachusetts, November 27, 1727; received a classical education, graduating at Harvard College in 1748; was appointed a justice of the peace in 1752; served in the Provincial army in the war against Canada, attaining the rank of lieu tenant-colonel ; was a member of the Massachusetts House of Representatives; was commissioned briga dier-general by the Provincial Congress of Massachu setts October 27, 1774; was commissioned major-gen eral by the Continental Congress June 17, 1775, but resigned in April, 1776; was chief justice of the Court of Common Pleas for Worcester County; was a State councillor in 1777 ; was a delegate to the Continental Congress in 1779-1781, but was prevented by ill health from taking his seat; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1776-1791, and in 1785 was speaker of the House ; was elected a repre sentative from Massachusetts in the Second Congress as a Federalist, and re-elected to the Third Congress, serving from October 4, 1791, until March 3, 1795; after suffering from the gravel many years, he died at Shrewsbury, Massachusetts, October 27, 1800. W^ard, Artemas (son of General Artemas Ward), was born at Shrewsbury, Massachusetts, January 9, 1762; received a classical education, graduating at Harvard 1 College in 1783; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Shrews bury until 1809, when he removed to Boston ; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the 684 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Thirteenth Congress as a Peace candidate, receiving in Boston 1,527 votes against 20 scattering votes; and was re-elected to the "Fourteenth Congress, serv ing from May 24, 1813, until March 3, 1817; was chief justice of the Court of Common Pleas 1820- 1839; was a member of the State legislature of Mas sachusetts; and died at Boston October 7, 1847. Ward, Elijah, was born at Sing Sing, New York, September 15, 1818; received an academic education, and subsequently completed his studies under private instructors; studied law with Hon. W. W. Campbell ; was admitted to the bar in 1843, and commenced practice ; was judge-advocate-general of the State from 1853 until 1855; was a member of the National Democratic Convention at Cincinnati in 185(5; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 6,531 votes against 4,4(51 votes for G. Briggs, Native American, and 4,100 votes for James W. Nye, Re- publican, serving from December 7, 1857, to March 3, 1859; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving 6,591 votes against 8,306 votes for G. Briggs (the Republican candidate, Augustus F. Dow, having withdrawn) ; was again elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress, receiv ing 10,814 votes against 8,417 votes for A. F. Dow, Republican; was re-elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, receiving 6,942 votes against 4,839 votes for F. A. Conkling, Republican, and 996 votes for O. Blunt, Independent, serving from July 4, 1861, to March 3, 18(55; was defeated as the Democratic can didate for the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiving 6,929 votes against 7,315 votes for H. J. Raymond, Union Republican, 1,647 votes for E. P. Morton, Mozart Democrat, and 1,347 votes for Rush C. Hawkins, In dependent Unionist; visited Europe iu May-October, 1865, and again in August, 1866-September, 1868; was again elected to the Forty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 10,113 votes against 9,232 votes for John D. Lawson, Republican (the district giving at the same time a majority of 280 votes for General John A. Dix, the Republican candidate for gov ernor), serving from December 6, 1875, to March 3, 1877; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 12,408 votes against 13,221 votes for A. G. McCook, Democrat. He published two reports on " The Commercial Re lations between the United States and the British Provinces." A biographical sketch of him was pub lished by Robert Iladtield. Ward, Hamilton, was born at Salisbury, New York, July 3, 1829; received a liberal education; studied law, and commenced practice at Belmont; was district-attorney for Alleghany County several years; was engaged in 1862, under an appointment from the governor, in raising troops for the Union army ; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-ninth Congress as a Republican, receiv ing 16,945 votes against 11,176 votes for McNett, Democrat; was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress as a Republican, receiving 17,750 votes against 11,435 votes for Collins, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress, receiving 18,647 votes against 13,180 votes for Gardiner, Democrat, serving from December 4, 1865, to March 3, 1871. Ward, Jasper D., resided at Chicago; was elected a representative from Illinois in the Forty- third Congress as a Republican, receiving 12,183 votes against 8,873 votes for C. H. Harrison, Demo crat and Liberal, serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1875; was defeated as the Republican can didate for the Forty-fourth Congress, receiving 9,181 votes against 9,189 votes for Carter H. Harrison, Democrat. Ward, Jonathan, was born in Westchester County, New York; was elected a representative from New York in the Fourteenth Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 4, 1815, to March 3, 1M7. Ward, Marcus L., was born at Newark, New Jersey, November 9, 1812; received a private-school education; was for many years engaged in manufac turing pursuits; was a Whig in politics until the breaking-up of that party, when he assisted in the formation of the Republican party; was a delegate to the Republican Convention at Chicago in 1860, and also to the Baltimore Convention in 18(54; was an elector at large on the Lincoln and Johnson tick et ; was defeated as the Republican nominee for gov ernor of New Jersey in 1862 ; w r as again nominated in 1865 for that office, and elected for the term of three years; was a member of the National Repub lican Committee, and succeeded Hon. Henry J. Ray mond as its chairman; and was elected a represen tative from New Jersey in the Forty-third Congress as a Republican, receiving 16,061 votes against 10,403 votes for J. M. Randall, Liberal Republican, serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1875; was offered the place of commissioner of Indian affairs Decem ber, 1875, but declined it. "Ward, Matthias, was born in Elbert County, Georgia; was reared in Madison County, Alabama; received a classical education; taught school for two years; studied law; was admitted to the bar; re moved to the republic of Texas ; was a member of the Texan Congress, and, after the incorporation of Texas into the Union, of the State Senate; was a delegate from Texas to the two National Democratic Conventions which nominated Pierce and Buchanan for the presidency; was appointed a United-States senator from Texas (iu place of J. Pinckney Hender son, deceased) as a State-rights Democrat, serving from December 6, 1858, to January 4, 1860, when the senator elected by the legislature took his seat; died at Raleigh, North Carolina, October 13, 1861. W^ard, Samuel, was born at Newport, Rhode Island, May 27, 17^5; was reared as a farmer, and settled at Westerly, Rhode Island; was a member of the Provincial House of Representatives 1756-1759; was chief justice of Rhode Island in 1761 ; was gov ernor of Rhode Island 1762 and 17(55-1767; was one of the founders of Rhode-Island College, afterward Brown University; was zealous in the pre-Revolu- tionary movements ; was a delegate from Rhode Island to the First Continental Congress 1774-1775; died at Philadelphia of small-pox March 25, 177(5. His life, by Professor Gammell, was published in Sparks s "American Biography." W^ard, Thomas, was born in New Jersey in 1765; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Thirteenth Congress as a Democrat ; was re- elected to the Fourteenth Congress, serving from May 24, 1813, to March 3, 1817 ; died at Newark, New Jersey, February 4, 1842. Ward, William, was born at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, January 1, 1837 ; was educated .at Girard College, Philadelphia ; learned the art of printing in the office of "The Delaware-county Republican" at Chester, serving there four years; studied law; was admitted to the bar in August, 1859, and has since been engaged in the practice of law, conveyancing, land-business, and banking; has been a member of the city council of Chester, and city solicitor, but has never held any other public offices ; was elected to the Forty-fifth Congress as a Republican, receiving 15,220 votes against 9,717 votes for William D. Hartman, Democrat, serving from October 15, 1877. Ward, William T., was born in Kentucky; resided at Greensburg; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Thirty-second Congress as a Whig, receiving no opposition, serving from Decem ber 1, 1851, to March 3, 1853. Wardell, Daniel, was born at Bristol, Rhode Island, May 28, 1791; received a classical education, graduating at Brown University in 1811; removed to Rome, New York; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1815, and commenced practice at Mannsville, New York; was appointed in 1824 a judge of the Court of Common Pleas for Jefferson County ; was a STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 685 member of the State House of Representatives 1831- 1837; was a prominent Freemason; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-second Congress as a Jackson Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty-third and Twenty-fourth Congresses, serving from December 5, 1831, to March 3, 1837; re moved in 1860 to Rome, New York, where he died March 27, 1878. Ware, Nicholas, was born in Richmond Coun ty, Georgia; received a classical education; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Au gusta, Georgia; was elected a United-States senator from Georgia (in place of Freeman Walker, resigned), and was re-elected, serving from December 11, 1821, to September 7, 1824, when he died at New- York City. Warfield, Henry R., was born in Anne Arun- del County, Maryland, in 1781 ; resided at Frederick Town; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Sixteenth Congress as a Federalist, defeating George Peter, also a Federalist; was re-elected to the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Congresses, serving from December 6, 1819, to March 3, 1825; in the memorable contest in the House of Representatives for the pres idency, he decided the vote of Maryland in favor of John Quincy Adams, and secured his election; was found dead in his bed at Frederick Town, Maryland, March 18, 1839. Warner, Hiram, was born in Hampshire Coun ty, Massachusetts, October 29, 1802 ; received an aca demical education; removed to Georgia when seven teen years of age, and taught school there for three years; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1825, and commenced practice at Knoxville, Georgia; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1828-1831 ; was elected by the legislature in 1833 a judge of the State Superior Court, and was re-elected in 1836, serving until 1840; was appointed in 1845 a judge of the State Supreme Court, serving until 1853, when he resigned ; was elected a representative from Georgia 111 the Thirty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 6,883 votes against 6,813 votes for Hill, American, serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1857; declined a re-election. Warner, Levi, was born at Wethersfield, Con necticut, October 10, 1831 ; received a public-school education; studied law at the Yale Law School, and at the Dane Law School, Cambridge, Massachusetts; was admitted to the bar in January, 1859, and has since been engaged in the practice of law in Fairneld County, Connecticut; was never a candidate for or held any office until elected to the Forty-fourth Con- fress (to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of V. II. Barnum, elected senator) ; was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 17,238 votes against 15,469 votes for Robert Hubbard, Republican, serving from December 5, 1876. Warner, Samuel L., was born at Wethersfield, Connecticut, in 1829; received an academical edu cation; studied law at the Harvard and Yale Law Schools ; was admitted to the bar in 1853, and com menced practice at Middletown; was executive sec retary of state in 1853 ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1857 ; was a delegate to the National Democratic Conventions at Charleston and Baltimore in 1860; was mayor of Norwich 1861- 1865 ; was elected a representative from Connecticut in the Thirty-ninth Congress as a Republican, receiv ing 11,236 votes against 9,521 votes for Russell, Dem ocrat, serving from December 4, 1865, to March 3, 1867. Warner, Willard, was born at Granville, Ohio, September 4, 1826; graduated at Marietta College, Ohio, in 1845 ; entered the Union army as major of the Seventy-sixth Ohio Volunteer Infantry in 1861 ; was promoted to lieutenant-colonel of the same regi ment in 1863; served on General W. T. Sherman s staff as assistant inspector-general during the Atlanta campaign, and until October 20, 1864; was appointed colonel of the One Hundred and Eightieth Ohio Vol unteer Infantry in October, 1864; was brevetted brig adier and major-general for gallant and meritorious services; was mustered out in July, 1865; was elect ed to, and served two years in, the Ohio Senate; was elected a United-States senator from Alabama as a Republican, serving from July 25, 1868, to March 3, 1871 : returned to Ohio. ^ Warren, Cornelius, was born in Putnam County, New York, in 1790; was elected a represen tative from New York in the Thirtieth Congress as a Whig, serving from December 6, 1847, to March 3, 1849; was not a candidate for re-election; died at Cold Spring, New York, July 28, 1849. Warren, Edward A., was born in Greene County, Alabama, May 2, 1818; received an academ ical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Mississippi; was a member of the Mississippi House of Representatives in 1845 and 1846; removed to Camden, Arkansas, in 1847; was a member of the Arkansas House of Rep resentatives in 1848 and 1849, serving the last year as speaker; was State s attorney for the Sixth Judicial District of Arkansas in 1850; was elected a represen tative from Arkansas in the Thirty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 3,748 votes against 3,301 votes for Curran, Whig, serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855; declined being a candidate for re election ; was again elected to the Thirty-fifth Con gress, receiving 11,835 votes against 8,701 votes for Fowler, American, serving from December 7, 1857, to March 3, 1859; died in Nevada County, Arkansas, July 2, 1875. Warren, Joseph M., was born at Troy, New- York, in 1813; received a classical education, gradu ating from Washington (now Trinity) College at Hartford, Connecticut, in 1834; was a manufacturer and merchant; was elected mayor of Troy in 1852; and was elected a representative from New York in the Forty-second Congress as a Democrat, receiving 17,793 votes against 11,659 votes for I. T. Davis, Re publican, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1873. Warren, Lott, was born in Burke County, Georgia, October 30, 1797; received a public-school education; was a clerk in a store; served in the Seminole war in 1818 as second lieutenant of volun teers ; studied law with D. McNeal ; was admitted to the bar in 1821, and commenced practice at Dublin, afterwards removing to Marion ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1824; was ap pointed solicitor-general (to fill a vacancy) ; was a member of the State Senate in 1830; was again a member of the State House of Representatives in 1831 ; was a judge of the Inferior Court of Georgia 1831-1834: was elected a representative from Georgia in the Twenty-sixth Congress as a Whig, receiving 31,765 votes against 30,678 votes for Hillyer, Demo crat; and was re-elected to the Twenty-seventh Con gress, receiving 39,297 votes against 35,379 votes for Campbell, Democrat, serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1843; was a judge of the Superior Court 1843-1852. Warren, William Wirt, was born at Brigh ton, Massachusetts, February 27, 1834; graduated at Harvard College in 1854 ; took a degree at the Har vard Law School ; was admitted to the bar in 1857, and engaged in active practice; was appointed by President Johnson in 1865 as assessor of internal revenue in the Seventh Massachusetts Revenue Dis trict; was a delegate to the Democratic National Convention in 1868; was a member of the State Senate of Massachusetts in 1870; was elected a rep resentative from Massachusetts in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 8,585 votes against 7,861 votes for J. M. S. Williams, Republican, serv ing from December 6, 1875, to March 3, 1877; was defeated as the Democratic candidate to the Forty- fifth Congress, receiving 12,497 votes against 14,245 votes for William Claflin. Republican. Washburn, Cadwallader Golden (brother of 686 CONGRESSIONAL DIEECTOEY. E. B. Washbume and I. Washburn), was born at Liv- ermore, Maine, April 22, 1818; received an academic education; removed to Boston ; engaged in mercan tile pursuits; removed to Mineral Point, Wisconsin; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised; engaged successfully in land speculations ; was elect ed a representative from Wisconsin in the Thirty- fourth Congress as a Republican, receiving 11,936 votes against 7,900 votes for Hoyt, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving 20,004 votes against 1(5*233 votes for Crawford, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving 23,917 votes against 20,107 votes for Dunn, Democrat, serving from December 3, 1853, to March 3, 1861; was a delegate from Wisconsin in the Peace Convention of 1861; entered the Union army as colonel of cavalry; was promoted to the rank of brigadier-general and of major-general ; was again elected to the Fortieth Congress, receiving 13.133 votes against 6,640 votes for Park, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress, receiving 21.134 votes against 11,447 votes for Ellis, Democrat, serving from March 4, 1867, to March 3, 1871; was governor of Wisconsin 1872-1874. W^ashburn, Hsnry D., was born in Windsor County, Vermont, March 28, 1832; received a com mon-school education ; was apprenticed to a tanner, but preferred to teach school, which he did for some years; studied law, and graduated at the New-York State and National Law School; was auditor of Vermilion County, Indiana, from 1854 until 1861 ; served in the Union army as captain, colonel, and brigadier-general during the war for the suppression of the Rebellion; was elected a representative from Indiana in the Thirty-ninth Congress (having suc cessfully contested the election of Daniel W. Voor- hees) as a Republican; and was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress as a Republican, receiving 14,871 votes against 14,338 votes for Claypool, Democrat, serving from February 23, 1866, to March 3, 1869. Washburn, Israel, jun. (brother of C. C. Washburn and E. B. Washburne), was born at Liv- ennore, Maine, June 6, 1813; received a public- school education until he was fourteen years of age, and then private instruction for four years ; studied law; was admitted to the bar in October, 1834. and commenced practice in Orono, Maine, in December, 1834; was a member of the State House of Repre sentatives in 1842; was elected a representative from Maine in the Thirty-second Congress as a Whig, receiving 5,l!>7 votes against 3.488 votes for H. Strickland, Democrat, 2,493 votes for C. Stetson, Democrat, and 32 scattering; was re-elected to the Thirty-third Congress, receiving 8,227 votes against 4,37(5 votes for Strickland, Democrat. 3,444 votes for Waterhouse, Democrat, and 68 scattering; was re-elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress as a Re publican, receiving 10,224 votes against 6,010 votes for Samuel H. Blake, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving 12,861 votes against 8,307 votes for A. San born. Coalition; and was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiv ing i;j.3!)0 votes against 8,184 votes for Wiley, Demo crat, serving from December 1, 1831, to Ja nuary 1, ]- .!. when he resigned, having been elected governor of Maine, serving in 1861 and 1862, and declining a re-election; was appointed by President Lincoln col lector of customs at Portland, Maine, serving from November 18(53, to May 1, 1867. Washburn, Ruel (uncle of Cadwallader C., aihu 1)., and Israel Washburn), was born at Rayn- ham, Massachusetts, May 21, 1793; received a classi cal education, graduating at Brown University in 1814; removed to Livermore, Maine; studied law with Albion K. Parris at Paris, Maine; was admit ted to the bar in 1818, and commenced practice at Livermore; was register of probate for Oxford Coun- 1-1823; was a member of the State Senate in 827 and 1828 ; claimed to have been elected a repre sentative from Maine in the Twenty-first Congress as a Whig by five majority, but the House of Represen tatives gave the seat to his competitor, James W. Ripley, a Democrat; was grand master of Masons in Maine; was a member of the Executive Council in 1829; was a member of the State House of Repre sentatives in 1832-1835 and 1341 ; was judge of pro bate for Androscoggin County 1856-1859; died at Livermore, Maine, March 4, 1:>7S. Washburn, William B., was born at Win- chendon, Massachusetts, January 31, 1820; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1844; was a manufacturer of pails and tubs at Er- ving; removed in 1857 to Greenfield, where he was interested in banking; was a member of the State Senate in 1850; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1854; was elected a representa tive from Massachusetts in the Thirty-eighth Con gress as a Republican, receiving 14,311 votes against no opposition; was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiving 15,721 votes against 3,575 votes for Wood, Democnat; was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, receiving 11,895 votes against 1,608 votes for Hey wood, Democrat; was re-elected to tha Forty- first Congress, receiving 16,985 votes against 1,814 votes for Hey wood, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress, receiving 8,419 votes against 7,077 votes for Noble, Democrat, and 368 votes for Bosworth, Prohibitionist; resigned January 1, 1872, to be inaugurated as governor of Massachusetts, to which office he had been elected; was re-elected governor in 1872 and 1873, and resigned on his elec tion to the United-States Senate as a Republican (to fill the vacancy occasioned by the death of Charles Sunnier), serving from May 1, 1874, to March 3, 1875. Washburne, Elihu Benjamin (brother of C. C. Washburn and I. Washburn, jun.), was born at Livermore, Maine, September 23, 1816 ; received a public-school education; was an apprentice-boy in the printing-office of " The Kennebec Journal," con ducted by Luther Severance; but, his health failing, he studied law with John Otis at Hallowell, and af terwards at the Cambridge Law School; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Galena, Illi nois; was elected a representative from Illinois in the Thirty-third Congress as a Whig, receiving 7,392 votes against 7,106 votfes for Cameron, Democrat, and 2.257 votes for a Free-soil candidate; was re- elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress, receiving 8,372 votes against 2,776 votes for Jackson, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving 18,070 votes against 6,227 votes for Molony, Demo crat; was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving 15,811 votes against 6,457 votes for Bright, Douglas Democrat, and 370 votes for Jackson, anti- Lecompton Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty- seventh Congress, receiving 21,438 votes against 8,927 votes for Beard, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, receiving 10,496 votes against 6,785 votes for Stiles, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiving 15,711 votes against 7,421 votes for Stiles, Democrat; was re- elected to the Fortieth Congress, receiving 14,657 votes against 5,897 votes for Turner, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress, serving from Decembers, 1853, to March 6, 1869; was appointed by President Grant minister to France, serving from March 17, 1869, to March, 1877 ; returned to Galena, Illinois. Washington, George, was born at Bridge s Creek, Westmoreland County, Virginia, February 22, 1732; was educated by a tutor; became a land-sur veyor; entered the military service of Virginia in 1751, and remained in the field until the close of the Frencli war; was a member of the Colonial House of Burgesses 1760-1775; was a delegate from Virginia to the Continental Congress 1784-1785 ; was chosen commander-in-chief, and took command of the army July 3, 1775; he forced the British to evacuate Bos ton* March 17, 1776; lost the battle of Long Island August 27 ; won the battle of White Plains October STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 687 28; won the battle of Trenton December 26; won the battle of Princeton Januarys, 1777; lost the battle of Brandy wine September 11 ; lost the battle of Ger- mantown October 4; fought the drawn battle of Monmouth June 28, 1778; won the battle of York- town October 19, 1780; resigned his commission December 23, 1783; was a delegate to the Convention that framed the Federal Constitution, and its presi dent; was elected by the people President of the United States, and re-elected, serving from April 30, 1789, to March 3, 1797. He published his "Farewell Address." His "Life and Correspondence" was published by Sparks, Ramsey, Marshall, Bancroft, Irving, Everett, and TJpham. Washington, George C. (grand-nephew of George Wasnington), was born in Westmoreland County, Virginia, August 20, 1789; received a clas sical education, graduating at Cambridge; studied law, and was admitted to the bar, but devoted him self to agricultural pursuits ; was elected a represen tative from Maryland in the Twentieth Congress as a Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-first and Twenty-second Congresses, serving from December 3, 1827, to March 2, 1833; withdrew as the Whig candidate for the Twenty-third Congress in favor of W. Cost Johnson; was again elected to the Twenty- fourth Congress, serving from December 7, 1835, to March 3, 1837 ; was president of the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal Company; died at Georgetown, District of Columbia, July 17, 1854. Washington, William H., was born in Wayne County, North Carolina, February 7, 1813; studied lav/ with Judge Gastoii; was admitted to the bar in August, 1835, and commenced practice at New Berne, North Carolina; was elected county and district so licitor; was re-elected a representative from North Carolina in the Twenty-seventh Congress as a Whig, defeating J. O. Watson, Democrat, serving from May 1, 1841, to March 3, 1843; declined a re-election to Congress ; was a member of the State House of Rep resentatives in 1843 and 184(5, and of the State Senate in 1848, 1850, and 1852; died at New Berne, North Carolina, August 12, 18GO. Watkins, Albert G., was born in Jefferson County, Tennessee, May 5, 1818; received a classical education, graduating at Holston College, Tennessee ; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and com menced practice at Panther Springs, Tennessee ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1845; was a presidential elector on the Taylor and Fillmore ticket in 1848; was elected a representative from Tennessee in the Thirty-first Congress as a Whig, receiving 8,025 votes against 4,9o8 votes for Cocke, Whig; was re-elected to the Thirty-second Congress, receiving 9,592 votes against 2,125 votes f;;r Hurley, Democrat, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1853; was defeated as the Inde pendent Whig candidate for the Thirty-third Con gress, receiving 3,988 votes against 5,387 votes for N. G. Taylor, Whig, and 5,530 votes for B. Camp bell, Democrat (Campbell died before taking his seat, and Taylor was elected) ; was again elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 7,781 votes against 7,511 votes for Taylor, American: was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving 7,647 votes against 7,471 votes for Taylor, American, serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1859. W^atmough, John G., was born on the banks of the Brandy wine, Delaware, December 6, 1793; re ceived a classical education, studying at Princeton College and at the University of Pennsylvania; served in the war of 1812 as lieutenant of artillery in the United-States army, and as an aide-de-camp to General Gaines; was severely wounded at the defence of Fort Erie in 1814; resigned October 1, 1816; was elected a representative from Pennsyl vania in the Twenty-second Congress, receiving 1,060 majority over Daniel H. Miller; was re-elected ta the Twenty-third Congress, serving from Decem ber 5, 1831, to March 3, 1835; was high sheriff of i Philadelphia in 1835-1830; was surveyor of the port ! of Philadelphia 1841-1845; died at Philadelphia No- ! vember 29, 1861. Watson, Cooper K.,was born in Ohio; re sided at Tiffin; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirty-fourth Congress as a Republican, receiving 8,399 votes against 5,618 votes for Plants, Democrat, serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1857. Watson, James, was born in the city of New York; was a member of the State House of Repre sentatives in 1791, 1794, 1795, and 1796; was a mem ber cf the State Senate in 1798; was elected a United- States senator from New York (in place of John Sloss Hobart, resigned) as a Democrat, serving from j December 11, 1798, to March 19, 1801, when ne re signed to accept the position of United-States navy agent at New York, given to him by President Jefferson. Watson, Lewis F., was born in Crawford County, Pennsylvania, April 14, 1819; received an academic education; engaged in mercantile pursuits, and was an extensive operator in lumber and in the production of petroleum ; was elected president of the Warren Savings Bank at its organization in 1870; was elected to the Forty-fifth Congress as a Repub lican, receiving 15,640 votes against 12.093 votes for William L. Scott, Democrat, 327 votes for Samuel Axtell, Prohibition, and 249 votes for C. C. Camp, Greenback, serving from October 15, 1877. Watterson, Haryey M. (father of Henry Watterson), was born in Bedford County, Tennes see, November 23, 1811; was educated at Columbia College, Princeton, Kentucky; established in 1831, and edited for several years, a newspaper at the county-seat of Bedford County; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1835; was elected a representative from Tennessee in the Twenty-sixth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 4,635 votes against 3,217 votes for Daniel M. Bar- ringer, Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress, defeating Terry H. Cahal, Whig, serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1843 ; was ap pointed by President Tyler a special diplomatic agent to Buenos Ayrcs, serving from September 26, 1843, to November *15, 1844; returning home in 1845, he was elected a member cf the State Senate of Tennessee, and was chosen its president; in 1850- 1851 was the proprietor and editor of " The Nash ville Union;" was a delegate from Tennessee to the National Democratic Convention at Baltimore in 1860, and voted for the nomination of Stephen A. Douglas; was one of the Douglas electors at large in Tennessee; was a delegate to the State Convention of 1861 ; removed to Washington after the war, and practised law there. Watterson, Henry, was born at Washington City February 16, 1840 (his father, Hon. Harvey M. Watterson, being at the time a Democratic represen tative in Congress from Tennessee) ; owing to serious defect cf sight, the son was educated chiefly by private tutors; he began at an early age to develop literary tastes, which led him to adopt the profession cf journalism; his first newspaper employment was on " The Washington States," a Democratic paper, and he subsequently edited "The Democratic Re view; " he returned to Tennessee in 1861, and edited "The Republican Banner" at Nashville; entered the Confederate service soon after the commencement of hostilities; edited "The Chattanooga Rebel;" served as a casual volunteer aide ; returned to Nash ville at the close of the war, and revived " The Re publican Banner;" removed to Louisville in 1867; purchased the interest of George D. Prentice in "The Louisville Journal," and became editor of that paper; united with W. N. Haldeman in 1868 in consolidating the "Courier" and "Journal," and purchasing the "Democrat," constituting "The Courier-Journal," of which he was the editor; was temporary chairman of the National Democratic 688 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Convention of 1870; was elected to the Forty-fourth Congress as a Democrat (to fill the vacancy occa sioned by the death of Edward Young Parsons), receiving 11,5(57 votes against 677 votes for W. J. Heady, Independent Democrat, serving from August 12, 187(5, to March 3, 1877. Watts, John, was bora in New- York City in 174 J; was a member of the State House of Repre sentatives 1791-1793; was elected a representative from New York in the Third Congress, serving from December 2, 1793, to March 3, 1795. Watts, John S., was bom in Boone County, Kentucky, January 19, 1S1G; received a classical education, graduating at the University of Indiana; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and com menced practice in Indiana; was a member of the State House of Representatives, and twice elected a prosecuting-attoruey; was appointed by President Fillmore in 1851 an associate justice of the United- States Court in New Mexico ; resigned in 1866, and practised his profession; was elected a delegate from New-MexicoTerritory in the Thirty-seventh Congress, serving from July 4, 1861, to March 3, 1863; took an active part in recruiting for the Union army during the war for the suppression of the Rebellion; was appointed by President Johnson in 1868 chief justice of the Supreme Court in New Mexico. W^ayne, Anthony, was born at East Town, Pennsylvania, in 1746; was a farmer and land- surveyor; was a member of the Colonial House of Representatives in 1773; was actively engaged in pre- Revolutionary measures; entered the Continental service as colonel in 1775, and served brilliantly throughout the Revolutionary war, distinguishing himself at Three Rivers, Brandywine, Germantown, Monmouth, Stony Point, and Yorktown ; after peace was declared, he settled in Georgia upon a tract of land donated to him by that State as a recompense for his military services; was a delegate to the con vention for framing the State Constitution in 1787; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Second Congress, serving from October 24, 1791, to March 21, 1792, when his seat was contested by James Jackson, and declared vacant by the House; a new election was held, but he refused to be a can didate, and John Milledge was elected; entered the military service of the United States again as major- general and general-in-chief of the army after the reverses of General St. Clair; gained a decisive victory at the battle of the Miami, and concluded a treaty, August 3, 1795, with the hostile tribes north west of the Ohio ; died at Presque Isle December 15, 1796; his remains were removed to his native county of Chester, Pennsylvania, in 1809. His "Life" was published by N. H. Moore and by John Armstrong. H. C. Dawson published "The Assault on Stony Point;" and his "Orderly-Book" at Ticoiideroga was published by Munsell at Albany in 1859. W^ayne, Isaac, was born in Warren County, Pennsylvania; received a public-school education; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania to the Eighteenth Congress as a Federalist, serving from December 1, 1823, to March 3, 1825. Wayne, James Moore, was born at Savannah, Georgia, in 1790; received a classical education, graduating at Princeton College in 1808; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1810, and com menced practice at Savannah; was for two years a member of the State House of Representatives; was mayor of Savannah in 1823; was a judge of the Superior Court 1824-1829; was elected a representa tive from Georgia in the Twenty-first Congress as a Jackson Democrat on a general ticket; was re- elected to the Twenty-second Congress; was re- elected to the Twenty-third Congress, receiving 32,947 votes against 20,648 votes for Owen, anti- Jackson, serving from December 7, 1829, to January 13, 1835, when he resigned, having been appointed by President Jackson an associate justice of the United- btates Supreme Court ; devoted himself especially to admiralty jurisprudence, and his opinions on points connected with that subject are cited as high author ity ; died at Washington City July 5, 1867. W^eakley, Robert, was elected a representative from Tennessee in the Eleventh Congress, serving from May 22, 1809, to March 3, 1811. Webster, Daniel, was born at Salisbury, New Hampshire, January 18, 1782; received a classical education, graduating at Dartmouth College in 1801 ; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1805 ; com menced practice at Salisbury, New Hampshire, and Portsmouth, in 1807; was elected a representative from New Hampshire in the Thirteenth Congress as a Peace advocate, and was re-elected to the Four teenth Congress, serving from May 24, 1813, to March 3, 1817 ; removed to Boston in 1816 ; was a presidential elector in 1820; was a delegate to the State Constitu tional Convention in 1821 ; was elected a representa tive from Massachusetts in the Eighteenth Congress, and was re-elected to the Nineteenth Congress, re ceiving in seven wards of Boston 1,986 votes against one vote for Putnam, serving from December 1, 1823, to March 3, 1827; was elected a United-States senator from Massachusetts, and was re-elected, serving from December 3, 1827, to Februaiy 2i!, 1841, when he re signed ; was appointed secretary of state by Presidents Harrison and Tyler, serving from March 5, 1841, to May 9, 1843; was again elected a senator, serving from December 1, 1845, to July 22, 1850, when he re signed, having been appointed secretary of state by President Fillmore, and serving until his death at Marshlield, Massachusetts, October 24, 1852. He published his collected works in six volumes in 1851. Biographical sketches and memoirs of him were published by Samuel L. Knapp, Charles W. March, Charles Lanman, George T. Curtis, Peter Harvey, and others. Webster, Edwin H., was born in Hartford County, Maryland, March 31, 1829; received a clas sical education, which was finished at Dickinson College; was a member of the State Senate 1855- 1859 ; was a presidential elector on the Fillmore and Donelson ticket in 1836; was elected a representa tive from Maryland in the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Republican, receiving 9,098 votes against 8,443 votes for McIIenry, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress, receiving 7,251 votes against 126 votes scattering; and was re-elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, receiving 7.736 votes against no opposition, serving from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 1865; was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiving 9,541 votes against 4,102 votes for Kimmell, Democrat, but resigned before taking his seat, having been appointed by President John son collector of customs at the port of Baltimore in July, 18G5. Webster, Taylor, was born in Pennsylvania; removed to Ohio, and resided at Hamilton; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Twenty- third Congress as a Jackson Democrat, receiving 1,000 majority; was re-elected to the Twenty-fourth arid Twenty-fifth Congresses, serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1839. W^eeks, John "W., was born in Greenland, New Hampshire, in 1799; received a public-school education; was apprenticed to the house-carpenter s trade, and worked at it until the war of 1812, when he recruited a company for the Eleventh United- States Infantry, of which he was captain; dis tinguishing himself at the battle of Chippewa, he was promoted to the rank of major; he was one of the commission appointed to establish the line between Maine and New Hampshire ; was treasurer of Coos County 1818-1822, and high sheriff of the same 1819-1824; was State senator in 1827 and 1828; was elected a representative from New Hampshire in the Twenty-first Congress, and re-elected to the Twenty-second Congress, serving from December 7, 1829, until March 2,1833; died at Lancaster, New Hampshire, iu 1853. STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 689 "Weeks, Joseph, was born in Massachusetts ; removed to New Hampshire ; resided at Richmond ; was judge of the Cheshire-county Court 1827-1829; was elected a representative from New Hampshire in the Twenty-fourth Congress as a Democrat ; was re- elected to the Twenty-fifth Congress, serving from December 7, 1835, to March 3, 1839. W^eems, John C., was born in Calvert County, Maryland; resided at Waterloo; was elected a repre sentative from Maryland in the Nineteenth Congress (in place of Dr. Joseph Kent, resigned) ; was re-elect ed to the Twentieth Congress, serving from February 7, 1820. to March 3. 1829. Weightman, Richard Hanson, was born in Maryland; received a military education at West Point 1835-1837, but was expelled for cutting the face of a cadet-comrade in a personal encounter; served in the Mexican war as captain in the Missouri Light-Artillery Volunteers, distinguishing himself at the battle of Sacramento; was an additional pay master in the army May 10, 1848-August 1, 1849; re moved to New Mexico, and was chosen provisionally a senator when that Territory unsuccessfully applied for admission as a State in 1850; killed a Santa-Fe trader named Xaubry with the same knife with which he wounded the cadet; was elected a delegate from New-Mexico Territory in the Thirty-second Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1853; was colonel of a regiment of the Missouri State Guard in 1801. Welch, Adonija S., was born at East Hamp ton, Connecticut, in 1821 ; removed to Michigan in 1839; received a classical education, graduating at the University of Michigan in 1846; studied law, and was admitted to the bar, but preferred teaching ; vis ited California in 1849; on his return, was principal of the Normal School of Michigan for four years ; re moved to Florida in 1865, and settled at Jacksonville ; was elected a United-States senator from Florida as a Republican from July 2, 1868, to March 3, 18G9. Welch, Frank, was born in Massachusetts; removed to Nebraska; was grand master of Free masons; was elected a representative from Nevada to the Forty-fifth Congress as a Republican, receiving 30,900 votes against 18,206 votes for Joseph Holman, Democrat, and 3,580 for Marvin Warren, Green- backer, serving from October 15, 1877, to his death at Norfolk, Nebraska, September 4, 1878. W^elch, John, was born in Jefferson County, Ohio, October 28, 1805; received a classical education, which was finished at Franklin College; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1833, and commenced practice at Athens, Ohio ; was a member of the State Senate in 1846 and 1847; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirty-second Congress as a Whig, receiving 5,261 votes against 4,037 votes for Daniels, Democrat, and 285 votes for Simpson, Free-Soiler, serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1853. Welch, William W., was born at Norfolk, Connecticut, December 10, 1818; received a public- school education; studied medicine; graduated from the medical department of Yale College in 1838, and became a practising physician at Norfolk; was a member of the State House of Representatives, and twice a member of the State Senate; was elected a representative from Connecticut in the Thirty-fourth Congress as an American, receiving 9,701 votes against 7,702 votes for Noble, Democrat, serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1857. W^elker, Martin, was born in Knox County, Ohio, April 25, 1819; was self-educated; studied and practised law; was clerk of the Court of Common Pleas for Holmes County from 1846 to 1851 ; was judge of the Sixth Judicial District from 1852 to 1857; re moved in 1857 to Wooster; Avas elected lieutenant- governor of Ohio in 1857, declining a renomination; served three months in the Union army as a staff- officer, and was afterwards appointed by the gov ernor of Ohio judge-advocate-general, with the rank of colonel ; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirty-ninth Congress as a Republican, receiving 12,844 votes against 10,312 votes for George Bliss, Democrat; was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress as a Republican, receiving 13,494 votes against 11,787 votes for Young, Democrat ; and was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress, receiving 13,575 votes against 13,113 votes for Critchfield, Democrat, serving" from December 4, 1865, to March 3, 1871. Wellborn, M. J., was born in Georgia; resided at Columbus ; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Thirty-first Congress as a Democrat, receiving 6,625 votes against 6,588 votes for Calhoun, Whig, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1851. Weller, John B., was born in Ohio; resided at Hamilton; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Twenty-sixth Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress; was re- elected to the Twenty-eighth Congress, receiving 5,563 votes against 5,308 votes for Campbell, Whig, serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1845; was a commissioner to Mexico under the treaty of Guada- lupe Hidalgo; removed to California; was elected a United-States senator from California, serving from March 17, 1852, to March 3, 1857; was governor of the State of California 1858-1860; was minister to Mexico November 7, 1860-May 14, 1861 ; was a dele gate to the National Democratic Convention at Chi cago in 1864; died at New Orleans August 7, 1875. Wells, Alfred, was born at Dagsborough, Dela ware, May 27, 1814; received an academical educa tion; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Ithaca, New York ; was deputy-clerk, district-attorney, and judge of Tomp- kins County; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Republican, receiving 10,131 votes against 9,788 votes for Arnot, Democrat, and 670 votes for Lawrence, American, serving from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 1861; died at Ithaca, New York, in 1867. Wells, Daniel, jun., was born in Maine; re ceived a public-school education ; removed to Wis consin, and located at Milwaukee in 1836; became largely engaged in banking and lumbering ; was elected a representative from Wisconsin in the Thirty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 8,342 votes against 5,731 votes for Durham, Free-Soiler, and 3,870 votes for a Whig ; and was re-elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress, receiving 8,458 votes against 7,026 votes for Spooner, Republican, serving from Decembers, 1853, to March 3,1857; was a judge of probate; died at Milwaukee in 1858. W^ells, Erastus, was born in Jefferson County, New York, December 2, 1823 ; received a public-school education ; at the age of nineteen, being compelled to rely on his own exertions, he went to St. Louis ; he established the first omnibus-line in that city, and sub sequently inaugurated the first street-railroad com pany; for fifteen years he was a member of the city council ; he was president of the Missouri Railroad Company, and a director in several incorporated com panies ; was elected a representative from Missouri in the Forty-first Congress as a Democrat, receiving 9,734 votes against 9,553 votes for Pile, Republican ; was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress, receiving 7,629 votes against 5,444 votes for C. P. Johnson, Brown Republican, and 1,934 votes for I. D. Smith, McClurg Republican; was re-elected to the Forty- third Congress, receiving 8,268 votes against 5,807 votes for M. A. Bryton, Republican; and was re- elected to the Forty-fourth Congress, receiving 8,517 votes against 4,120 votes for D. D. Fisher, Repub lican, sen-ing from March 4, 1869, to March 3, 1877. Wells, Guilford Wiley, was born in Living ston County, New York, February 18, 1840; was ed ucated at Genesee Wesleyan Seminary and Genesce College, Lima, New York; graduated in law at Co lumbia College, Washington, District of Columbia, and practised ; served during the war in the Union army from May, 1861, to April, 1805, serving as sec- 690 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. ond lieutenant, first lieutenant, captain, brevet ma jor, and lieutenant-colonel; was appointed United- States attorney for the Northern District of Missis sippi in June, 1870; held that office for four years, and was re-appointed in June, 1874; and was elected a representative from Mississippi in the Forty-fourth Congress as an Administration Republican, receiving 19,000 votes against 12,000 votes for A. K. Howe, an Ames Republican, serving from December 6, 1877, to March 3, 1877. Wells, John, was born at New York; received an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at New-York City; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-second Congress as a Whig, receiving 8,428 votes against 7,460 votes for Marvin, Democrat, serv ing from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1853; died at the city of New York. Wells, John S., was born at Durham, New Hampshire, in 1804; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Exeter; was for several years a member of the State House of Representa tives, and speaker of the House; filled several local positions; was appointed a United-States senator from New Hampshire (to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Moses Norris), serving from January 22, 1855, to March 3, 1855; died at Exeter, New Hampshire, in 1860. Wells, T. M., claimed to have been elected a representative from Louisiana in the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Republican ; a majority of the Com mittee on Elections reported that he was entitled to a seat, but such was the opposition that no vote was taken on the resolution, although, on the last day of the session, he was voted $2,000 for compensation, mileage, and expenses. W^ells, William H., was born in Delaware; was elected a United-States senator from Delaware (in place of Joshua Clayton, deceased), serving from February 4, 1799, to May 6, 1804, when he resigned ; was again elected a senator (in place of James A. Bayard, resigned), serving from June 10, 1813, to March 3, 1817; died March 11, 1829. Wendover, Peter H., was born at New York; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1804; was elected a representative from New York in the Fourteenth Congress as a Democrat; was re- elected to the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Congresses, serving from December 4, 1815, to March 3, 1821; died at New York September 20, 1834. Wentworth, John (grandson of John Went- cago; was connected with " The Chicago Democrat as editor and proprietor for twenty-five years ; studied law, graduating from the Harvard Law School, and was admitted to the bar in 1841 ; was a member of the Board of Education in 1837; was elected a repre sentative from Illinois in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 7,552 votes against 5,931 votes for Spring, Whig ; was re-elected to the Twen ty-ninth, Thirtieth, and Thirty-first Congresses, serv ing from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1851; was again elected to the Thirty-third Congress, receiving 7,.">:;s votes against 6,437 votes for Aldrich, Whig, and 2,149 votes for Collins, Free-Soiler, serving from De cember 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855; was mayor of Chicago in 1857 and I860; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention of 1861; was a leading Freemason; was again elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress as a Republican, receiving 18,557 votes Bgaimt 14,277 votes for McCormick, Democrat, serv ing from December 4, 1865, to March 3, 1867 ; re ceived the degree of LL.D. from Dartmouth College in 18G7, and subsequently donated $10,000 to the college. Wentworth, John, jun. (grandfather of John Wentworth), was born at Somersworth, New Hamp shire, July 17, 1745; received a classical education, graduating at Harvard University in 1768; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice at Dover, New Hampshire; was appointed by his relative, Governor John Wentworth, register of probate for Stratford County, and held the office until his death; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1776-1780; was a delegate from New Hampshire to the Continental Congress, serving 1778- 1779; was a member of the State Council 1780-1784; was a member of the State Senate 1784-1787 ; died at Dover, New Hampshire, from consumption, growing out of an attack of small-pox, January 10, 1787. Wentworth, Joshua, was born at Ports mouth, New Hampshire, in 1742; was colonel of the First New-Hampshire Regiment in 1776; was elected several times a member of the State House of Repre sentatives, and four years State senator; was ap pointed a delegate from New Hampshire to the Continental Congress in 1779, but did not attend ; died at Portsmouth October 19, 1809. Wentworth, Tappan, was born at Dover, New Hampshire, September 24, 1802 ; received a pub lic-school education; studied law with William Bur- leigh of South Berwick, Maine; was admitted to the bar in 1826, and practised at Great Falls, New Hampshire; removed to Lowell in 1833, and long held a prominent position at the Middlesex bar; was elected to the common council of Lowell 1836-1841 ; was elected to the State House of Representatives as a Whig, and afterwards as a Republican, in 1851, 1859, 1863, and 1864, and to the State Senate in 1848, 1849, 1865, and 1866 ; was the Whig candidate for Congress in the Lowell District in 1852, receiving 5,084 votes against 3,317 votes for B. F. Butler, and enough others to prevent the necessary majority ; and was elected on the second trial, when only a plurality was necessary, receiving 4,411 votes against 4,319 votes for Henry Wilson, Free-Soiler, and 824 scatter ing; served in the House of Representatives of the United States from March 4, 1853, to March 3. 1855 ; was the Whig candidate for re-election in 1854, and was defeated, receiving 2,614 votes against 5,232 votes for C. L. Knapp, Know-Nothing, and 470 scat tering: died at Boston of Bright s disease of the kid neys June 12, 1875. West, A. W"., of Holmes County, Mississippi, presented to the House of Representatives on the 4th of June, 1866, credentials signed by Governor Hum phreys, declaring that he had been elected to repre sent the Fourth District of Mississippi in the Thirty- sixth Congress. W^est, Benjamin, was born in Plymouth County, Massachusetts, April 8, 1746; received a classical education ; was one year at Princeton Col lege, and graduated at Harvard College in 1768; taught school for two years; studied divinity with his brother at Needham; began to preach at Wren- tham in January, 1771, but soon abandoned theology, and commenced the study of law at Lancaster; was admitted to the bar in 1773, and commenced practice at Charlestown, New Hampshire; was chosen a delegate from New Hampshire to the Continental Congress, a delegate to the convention which framed the Federal Constitution, and a representative from New Hampshire to the First Congress, but he reso lutely declined these and other offices to which he was elected ; died at his rural home in Charlestown, New Hampshire, July 27, 1817. West, J. Rodman, was born at New Orleans September 19, 1822 ; entered the University of Penn sylvania in 1836, but withdrew before graduating; served in the war against Mexico with the rank of captain ; emigrated to California in 1849, and engaged in commercial pursuits; at the outbreak of the war of the Rebellion was proprietor of " The San-Francisco Prices Current;" entered the Union army as lieuten ant-colonel of the First California Infantry, and after arduous services in New Mexico, and subsequently in Arkansas and the South-West, attained the rank of brevet major-general ; settled temporarily in Texas, STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 691 and then removed to New Orleans, where, after serving as chief deputy United-States marshal, and auditor of customs, he was appointed administrator of improvements; was elected a United-States sena tor from Louisiana as a Republican (to succeed John S. Harris, Republican), serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1877. "Westbrook, John, was born in Pennsylvania ; resided at Dingman s Ferry; was elected a represen tative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-seventh Congress as a Democrat, receiving 2,499 votes against 1,581 votes for Weber, Whig, serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1843. Westbrpok, Theodoric R., was born in !S T ew York; received an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice at Kingston, Ulster County; was elected a rep resentative from New York in the Thirty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 9,092 votes against 7,902 votes for Smith, Whig, serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855. Westcott, James D., was born at Alexandria, Virginia, May, 1802 ; removed with his father to New Jersey; received an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1824, and commenced practice in New Jersey; was a clerk in the Consular Bureau of the Department of State at Washington ; was appointed by President Jackson secretary of the Territory of Florida 1830-1834; was United-States attorney for the Middle District of Florida 1834-1830; was a member of the Territorial House of Represen tatives ; was a delegate to the convention for framing a State Constitution in 1838 and 1839; was elected one of the first United-States senators from Florida as a Democrat, serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1849; was an editorial contributor to " The New- York Herald." Westerlo, Rensselaer (son-in-law of Stephen Van Rensselaer), was born at Albany, New York, in 1773; received a classical education, graduating at Columbia College in 1795; studied law; was admitted to the bar, but did not practise much beyond the management of the affairs of his father-in-law the patroon; was elected a representative from New York iii the Fifteenth Congress as a Federalist, serv ing from December 1, 1817, to March 3, 1819; was an earnest supporter of the Whig party after its forma tion ; died at Albany, New York, April IS, 1851. "Wethered, John, was born in Maryland; re sided at Franklin; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Twenty-eighth Congress, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1845. Whaley, Klellian V., was born in Onondaga County, New York, May 0, 1821 ; removed with his father to Ohio ; received a public-school education ; removed in 1842 to West Virginia, and engaged in lumbering; was elected a representative from Vir ginia in the Thirty-seventh Congress as a Repub lican, serving from July 4, 1861, to March 3, 1803; served in the Union army ; was in command at the battle of Guyandotte in November, 1801 ; was cap tured, but made his escape ; was elected a represen tative from West Virginia in the Thirty-eighth Con gress as a Republican, receiving 2,748 votes against 2,184 votes for Frost; and was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiving little opposition, serving from December 7, 1803, to March 3, 1867; was a delegate to the National Republican Conven tion at Baltimore in 1864; was appointed collector of customs at Brazos de Santiago, Texas, in 1868. W^hallon, Reuben, was born in New Jersey in 1777; removed to Split Rock, Essex County, New York; was elected a representative from New York iu the Twenty-third Congress as a Jackson Demo crat, serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1835: died at Split Rock, New York, April 15, 1:543. "Wharton, Jesse, was elected a representative from Tennessee in the Tenth Congress, serving from October 26, 1897, to March 3, 1809; was appointed a United-States senator from Tennessee (in place of George W. Campbell, resigned), serving from April 9, 1814, to December 4, 1815, when the senator elected by the legislature took his seat; died at Nashville, Tennessee, July 23, 1833. Wheaton, Horace, was born in New York; resided at Pompey; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-eighth Congress 1 as a Democrat, receiving 6,558 votes against 6^,024 votes for Granger, Whig, and 255 votes for Joslyn, Abo litionist; and was re-elected to the Twenty-ninth Congress, receiving 6,961 votes against 6,495 votes for Noxon, Whig, and 6U6 votes for^Swcet, Abolitionist, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1847. "Wheaton, Laban, was born at Marshfield, Mas sachusetts, in 1754; received a classical education, graduating at Harvard College in 1774; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Norton, Massachusetts ; he had also studied theology, but never preached ; was a judge of the Bristol-coun ty courts ; was elected a representative from Massa chusetts in the Eleventh Congress as a Federalist ; was re-elected to the Twelfth, thirteenth, and Four teenth Congresses, serving from May 22, 1809, to March 3, 1817 ; died at Norton, Massachusetts, March 23, 1846. "Wheeler, Ezra, was born in Chenango County, New York, in 1820; received an academical educa tion; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and com menced practice at Berlin, Wisconsin; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1852 ; was county-judge 1854-1802; was elected a representa tive from Wisconsin in the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 11,064 votes against 10,004 votes for Browne, Republican, serving from Decem ber 7, 1863, to March 3, 1865. Wheeler, Grattan H., was born in New York; resided at Wheeler, .Steuben County; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1822, 1824, and 1826, and of the State Senate 1828-1831; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-second Congress, serving from December 5, 1831, to March 2, 1833; died at Wheeler, New York, in 1852. Wheeler, John, was born at Darby, Connecti cut, in 1823; received a public-school education; re moved to New-York City in 1853, and engaged in mercantile pursuits; became a hotel-keeper; was elected a representative from New York in the Thir ty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 6,354 votes against 5,243 votes for Varnum, Whig, and 83 votes for Dodson, Whig; was re-elected to the Thir ty-fourth Congress, receiving 5,101 votes against 2,533 votes for Murphy, Democrat, and 2,256 votes for Marshall, Whig, serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1857. "Wheeler, William A., was born at Malone, New York, June 30, 1819; received an academic edu cation, and was for a year or more a student in the University of Vermont in the class of 1842; studied law with Asa Hascall; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Malone; was district-attorney of Franklin County, New York, for several years; was a member of the New-York House of Assembly in 1850 and 1851 ; was a member of the New-York Senate, and president pro tempore of same, in 1858 and 1859 ; was president of the New- York Constitu tional Convention in 1807-1868; was elected a repre sentative from New York in the Thirty-seventh Con gress as a Republican, receiving 10,571 votes against 7,427 votes for Hand, Democrat ; was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress as a Republican, receiving 15,262 votes against 6,234 votes for Wallace, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress, receiving 13,020 votes against 5,693 votes for G. Mott, Demo crat ; was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress, re ceiving 14,725 votes against 6,565 votes for W. P. Cant- well, Democrat ; and was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Congress, receiving 12,323 vctes against 5,553 votes for Sawyer, Democrat, serving from July 4, 1831, to March 3, 1877; was elected Vice-President of the 692 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. United States on the Hayes ticket in 1876, receiving 185 electoral votes against 184 electoral votes for Thomas A. Hendricks" serving from March 4, 1877. His term of service will expire March 3, 1831. Whipple, Thomas, jun., was born in Berk shire County, Massachusetts, in 1788; received an academical education; studied medicine; was ad mitted to practice, and located at Wentworth, New Hampshire; was elected a representative from New Hampshire in the Seventeenth Congress; was re- elected to the Eighteenth, Nineteenth, and Twentieth Congresses, serving from December 3, 1821, to March 3. 1829; died at Wentworth, New Hampshire, Janu ary 23, 1835. Whipple, William, was born at Kittery, Massa chusetts (afterwards Maine), January 14, 1730; was bred a sailor, and had command of a vessel before he was twenty-one years of age, engaging in the West- India, European, and African trade; he brought large numbers of negro slaves to this country, but, when fighting for his own independence, emancipated those belonging to him, and even refused to assist General Washington in recovering Ona Stains, " the waiting-woman " of Mrs. Washington, who had left her mistress, and taken refuge in New Hampshire ; during the Seven Years War he retired from sea faring life, and engaged in trade at Portsmouth, New Hampshire, where he acquired a competency before the breaking-out of the Revolution; Avas elected a delegate to the Continental Congress in 1775, taking his seat in May; re-elected in 1770, taking his seat in February, and signing the Declaration of Inde pendence in July; and re-elected in 1778, but did not take his seat until October, as he had led his brigade into Rhode Island for the defence of that State; he declined a re-election to Congress, but was a member of the State Assembly 1780-1784 ; resigned his military commission June 29, 1782; was State superintendent of finances 1782-1784 ; was appointed judge of the State Supreme Court in 1782, and occu pied the position until he was obliged to leave the court in term-time ; died of disease of the heart No vember 28, 1785. W^hitcomb, James, was born at Stockbridge, Vermont, December 1, 1791; received a classical edu cation, graduating at Transylvania University; stud ied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Bloomingtori, Indiana, in 1824; was ap pointed prosecuting-attorney of Monroe County in 1826; was a member of the State Senate 1839-1836; was appointed by President Jackson commissioner of the General Land Office, serving from October 31, 1836, to July 3, 1841 ; returned to Indiana, and prac tised at Terre Haute; was governor of the State of Indiana 1843-1848; was elected a United-States sen ator from Indiana as a Democrat, defeating Caleb B. Smith, Whig, serving from December 3, 1849, to October 4, 1852, when he died at the city of New York. White, Addison, was born in Kentucky; re sided at Richmond ; was elected a representative from Kentucky to the Thirty-second Congress as a Whig, receiving 5,846 votes against 4,130 votes for Garland, Democrat, serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1853. White, Albert S., was born at Blooming Grove, New York, October 24, 1803; received a clas sical education, graduating at Union College in 1822 ; etudied law; was admitted to the bar in 1825, and commenced practice at Lafayette, Indiana; was for five years clerk of the Indiana House of Representa tives; was elected a representative from Indiana in the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Whig, receiving 10,737 vot.-s against 3,369 votes for N. Jackson, Democrat, serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1839; was president of several railroads; was elected a United-States senator from Indiana, serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1845; declined a re election; was again elected a representative in the Thirty-seventh Congress as a Republican, receiving 13,310 votes against 11,489 votes for Wilson, Demo crat, serving from July 4, 1861, to March 3, 1863; was a commissioner to adjust claims against the Sioux Indians; was appointed by President Lincoln in 1864 judge of the United-States Court for the dis trict of Indiana; died at Stockwell, Indiana, Septem ber 4, 1864. W^hite, Alexander, was born in Rappahan- nock County, Virginia, in 1738; took an active part in pre-Revolutionary movements ; was a delegate from Virginia to the Continental Congress 1786-1788; was elected a representative from Virginia in the First Congress; was re-elected to the Second Congress, serving from March 4, 1789, to March 2, 1793 ; died at Woodville, Virginia, in September, 1804. White, Alexander, was born October 16, 1816, in Franklin, Tennessee ; removed to Alabama when five years of age; was educated at Court- land and Somerville Academies, and at the Uni versity of Tennessee at Nashville, but volunteered for the Creek and Seminole war in 1836, and con sequently did not graduate; studied law with his father, Hon. John White, one of the Circuit and Supreme Court judges of Alabama, and practised upward of twenty-five years; was elected a repre sentative from Alabama in the Thirty-second Con gress as a Union Whig, receiving 5,744 votes against 5,371 votes for Samuel F. Rice, State-rights Demo crat, serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1853; was a member of the Alabama State Conven tion called by Governor Parsons in 1865 to frame a new constitution; was a member of the General Assembly of Alabama in 1872 ; was again elected to the Forty-third Congress as a Republican, receiving about 90,000 votes as a representative at large, de feating Alpheus Baker; was defeated as a Repub lican candidate for representative at large in the Forty-fourth Congress, receiving 90,938 votes against 106,023 votes for B. R. Lewis, Democrat ; was ap pointed in 1875 an associate justice of the United- States Court for the Territory of Utah. White, Allison, was born in Pennsylvania De cember 21, 1816; received a public-school education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and com menced practice at Lock Haven, Pennsylvania; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 9,980 votes against 9,450 votes for Irwin, Republican, serv ing from December 7, 1857, to March 3, 1859; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Thirty- sixth Congress, receiving 7,349 votes against 9,238 votes for James T. Hale, Union Republican. White, Bartow W"., was born in Westchester County, New York ; removed to Fishkill ; was elected a representative from New York in the Nineteenth Congress, serving from December 5, 1825, to March 3, 1827. W^hite, Benjamin, was born in Maine; re ceived a public-school education; was reared on a farm, and engaged through life in agricultural pur suits at Montville ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1841 and 1842; was elected a representative from Maine in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 2, 1844, to March 3, 1845. White, Campbell P., was born at New York; received a public-school education; engaged in mer cantile pursuits; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-first Congress as a Jackson Democrat, receiving a majority of 377 votes over Lemuel Sawyer; was re-elected to the Twenty-second and Twenty-third Congresses, serving from Decem ber 7, 1829, to March 3, 1835; was appointed quarter master-general of the New-York State militia Janu- ary_24, 1831 ; died at New York February 12, 1859. yVhite, Chilton A., was bom at Georgetown, Ohio, February, 1826; received a public-school edu cation; served as a private in the Mexican war; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1848, and commenced practice at Georgetown, Ohio ; was pros- STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 093 ecuting-attorney for Brown County in 1852 and 1853 ; was a member of the State Senate in 1859 and 1860; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirty-seventh Congress as a Democrat, receiving 10,040 votes against 8,828 votes for Murphy, Repub- lican ; was re-elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, receiving 10,087 votes against 9,323 votes for Briggs, Republican, serving from July 4, 1SG1, to March 3, 18G5; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiving 10,174 votes against 10,774 votes for R. W. Clark, Republican. White, David, was born in 1785; was a lawyer; practised at New Castle, Kentucky; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Eighteenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1823, to March 3, 1825 ; died in Franklin County, Kentucky, February 17, 1835. White, Edward Douglas, was born at Nash ville, Tennessee ; removed with his father to Attaka- pas Parish, Louisiana; received a public-school edu cation; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Donaldsonville ; was appoint ed judge at New Orleans, and removed there; was elected a representative from Louisiana in the Twen ty-first Congress as a Whig, defeating Edward Liv ingston, Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty- second and Twenty-third Congresses, serving from December 7, 1829, to November 15, 1S34, when he resigned, having been elected governor; he was on the steamer "Lioness" when she was set on fire by an explosion of gunpowder May 19, 1833, and was badly burned, besides contracting a pulmonary disease from which he never recovered ; was gov ernor of the State of Louisiana 18 )4-18 3S; removed to Thibodeauxville ; was again elected to the Twen ty-sixth Congress by 919 majority; Ayas re-elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress, receiving 3,802 votes against 1,757 votes for Leonard, Van Buren Demo crat, serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1843; died at New Orleans April 8, 1847. White, Francis, was bora in Virginia; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Thir teenth Congress, serving from May"24, 1813, to March 2, 1815. White, Harry, was born in Indiana County, Pennsylvania, January 12, 1834 ; received a collegiate education, graduating in 1854; studied law with Hon. Thomas White; was admitted to the bar in June, 1855; commenced practice at Indiana, Penn sylvania, and continued until the commencement of hostilities in 1801 ; entered the Union army as major of the Sixty-seventh Pennsylvania Infantry; was elected, while serving in the army, a State senator, serving in the Avinter of 1S62-18G3 ; returned to his command, and at the battle of Winchester, in June, 1863, when Lee was on his Gettysburg campaign, was captured ; the fall election of 18G3 made a tie in the State Senate without his vote, and active efforts Avere made to secure his exchange, but without suc cess, the Confederate Government refusing, and sent him to solitary confinement at Salisbury, North Carolina; before he left Libbey Prison, however, he sent his resignation as State senator clandestinely to Pennsylvania, concealed in a Testament, by a sur geon ; he remained in prison sixteen months, and made his escape, reaching the Federal lines near Atlanta; in October, 1SG4, he returned to his com mand, and served until the end cf the Avar, having meanwhile been promoted to the colonelcy of his regiment, and brevetted brigadier-general; was re- elected to the State Senate in the fall of 18G5 for three years; Avas re-elected in 18G8 for three years, and in 1371 for three years, serving as speaker of the Senate at the close of the term of 1871; Avas nominated in 1872 as congressman at large, and delegate at large to the Constitutional Convention, but declined the congressional nomination, but was elected to that convention; practised his profession; Avas defeated as the Republican candidate for the Forty-fourth Congress, receiving 11,109 votes against 11,627 votes for George A. Jenks, Democrat ; was elected to the Forty-fifth Congress as a Republican, receiving 15,136 votes against 13,397 votes for George A. Jcnks, Dem ocrat, serving from October 15, ISf 7. White, Hugh, Avas born in New York in 1799; received a public-school education; Avas reared on a farm; Avas engaged for many years iu business at Cohpes, NCAV York ; Avas the founder of WhitestoAvn, Oneida County, NCAV York ; Avas elected a representa tive from NCAV York in the Twenty-ninth Congress as a Whig, receiving 8,423 votes against 8,124 votes for Ellis, Democrat, and 252 votes for Smith ; Avas re- elected to the Thirtieth Congress; was re-elected to the Thirty-first Congress, receiving 8, 133 votes against 4,059 votes for Campbell, Democrat, and 3,392 votes for CoAA T en, Democrat, serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1851 ; died near Troy, NeAV York, Octo ber ( ), 1870. White, Hugh Lawson, was born in Iredell County, North Carolina, October 30, 1773; Avent to Tennessee with his father, who settled in Knox County in 178G; received a classical education from Rev. S. Carrick, Judge Roane, and Dr. Patterson of Philadelphia; studied laAV under James Hopkins at Lancaster, Pennsylvania; Avas admitted to the bar in 1795, and commenced practice at Knoxville, Tennes see, in 1793; was judge of the Supreme Court of Tennessee 1801-1807 ; Avas elected to the State Senate of Tennessee in 1807 and in 1817; Avas appointed United-State s district-attorney in 1808; Avas re-elect ed judge of the Supreme Court 1809-1815 ; was chosen president of the State Bank of Tennessee 1815; Avas appointed by President Monroe on the commission to adjust the claims of American citizens against Spain 1820-1824; Avas elected United-States senator (to fill the vacancy occasioned by the resignation of Andrew Jackson in 1825), and Avas re-elected in 1827, serving from December 12, 1825, until March 3, 1833; Avas chosen president of the Senate pro tempore in 1832; received the electoral votes of Tennessee and Georgia for President of the United States in 1830; Avas again elected to the Senate in 1830 for six years, and took his seat March 4, 1837, but resigned January 13, 1840, rather than obey the instructions of the legislature of Tennessee; died at Knoxville, Ten nessee, April 10, 1840. Wllite, James, Avas born in North Carolina; removed to Tennessee ; was elected a delegate from the territory south of the Ohio River in the Third Congress, serving from November 18, 1794, to March 3, 1795; was a delegate to the convention Avhich framed the State Constitution of Tennessee. "White, John (uncle of John D. White), Avas born in 1895; received an academical education; studied law ; Avas admitted to the bar, and practised at Richmond, Kentucky; Avas elected a representa tive from Kentucky in the Twenty-fourth Congress as a Whig Avithout opposition; was re-elected to the Twenty-fifth, Twenty-sixth, TAventy-seA-enth, and Twenty-eighth Congresses without opposition, serving from December 7, 1835, to March 3, 1845; Avas speaker of the House during the Twenty-seventh Congress; Avas judge of the Nineteenth Judicial Dis trict of Kentucky; committed suicide at Richmond, Kentucky, September 22, 1845. W^hite, John D. (nephcAv of John White), Avas born at Manchester, Kentucky, in 1849; graduated at Kentucky University from the College of Arts, and then Avent to the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor, AA here he graduated in laAv; Avas nominated assistant presidential elector on the Grant and Wil son ticket in 1872; travelled through the Pacific States and the Territories, and Avas elected a repre sentative from Kentucky in the Forty-fourth Con gress as a Republican, receiving 8,744 A r otes against 8.145 votes for Cockrill, Democrat, sending from De cember 0, 1875, to March 3, 1877. W^hite, Joseph L., Avas born at Cherry Valley, NCAV York ; received a public-school education ; stud ied laAV at Utica; was admitted to the bar, and com- 694 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. menced practice at Madison, Indiana; was elected a representative from Indiana in the Twenty-seventh Congress, serving from .May 31, 1841, to March 3, 184:]; declined being a candidate for re-election, and removed to New York, where he practised his pro fession; he subsequently became interested in a patent for the manufacture of India rubber; and, while ou a business visit to Indiana, he was shot by a drunken man, and died from the wound in Janu ary, 1861. "White, Joseph M., was born in Franklin County, Kentucky; received a classical education; studied law; was" admitted to the bar, and practised at IVnsacola, Florida; was elected a delegate from Florida Territory in the Nineteenth Congress as a Democrat, defeating Mr. Gadsden; was re-elected to the Twentieth, Twenty-first, Twenty-second, Twen ty-third, and Twenty-fourth Congresses, serving from Decembers, 1825, to March 3, 1837; was defeated as a candidate for the Twenty-fifth Congress by Charles Downing; died at St. Louis, Missouri, October 19, 1889. White, Joseph W., was born at Cambridge, Ohio, October 2, 1822 ; received an academical edu cation ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar in 1844, and commenced practice at Cambridge; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirty-eighth Con gress as a Democrat, receiving 10,087 votes against 9,320 votes for Briggs, Republican, serving from December 7, 1863, to March 3, 1865; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiving 11,119 votes against 12,377 votes for J. A. Bingham, Republican. "White, LTeonard, was born at Haverhill, Massa chusetts, 1767; received a classical education, gradu ating at Harvard College in 1787; was for many years a member of the State House of Representa tives, town-clerk, and treasurer of Haverhill; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Twelfth Congress, and served from November 4, 181 1, until March 3, 1813; was appointed cashier of the newly incorporated Merrimack Bank, and held the position for a quarter of a century; died at Haverhill, Massachusetts, of paralysis, October 10, 1840. White, M. D., was born in Clark County, Ohio, September 8, 1827; removed with his parents to Tip- pecanoe County, Indiana, in 1829; was raised on a farm, and, on arriving at the age of twenty-one years, removed to Crawfordsville ; was educated in common schools and at Wabash College; studied law, and commenced practice ; was elected prosecuting-attor- ney in 1854, and served two years ; was elected State senator in 1860, and served four years; and was elected to the Forty-fifth Congress as a Republican, receiving l(i,D90 votes against 15,276 votes for George McWilllams, Democrat, and 3,349 votes for Leroy Teinpleton, Independent, serving from October 15, 1877. White, Phillips, was born in New Hampshire; was a delegate from New Hampshire to the Conti nental Congress in 1782 and 1783. White, Phineas, was born in Hampshire Coun ty, Massachusetts, in 1770; received a classical edu cation, graduating at Dartmouth College in 1797; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and com- menced practice at Pomf ret, Vermont; was register of probate for Windsor County 1800-1809; was county-attorney in 1813; was for eight years a mem- ber of tin- Slate s.-n:ite or House of Representatives; was elected a representative from Vermont in the iventeenth Congress, serving from December 3, 1821, to March 3, 1823; died at Putney, Vermont, in 1 "* t . White, Samuel, was born at Wilmington, Dela- are, 1:1 l ( i;2: was elected a United-States senator from Delaware as a Federalist, serving from Decem- T 7. isoi, to November 4, 1809, when he died at vv Undngton. Whitehead, Thomas, was born at Clifton, Nelson County, Virginia, December 27, 1825; at tended a grammar-school until he was thirteen years of age, and then went into mercantile business; studied law ; was admitted to the bar in March, 1849, and practised at Amherst; was also a fanner, and the editor of an agricultural newspaper; was ap pointed master-commissioner in chancery, and acted until 1856; was elected attorney for the Common wealth for Amherst County in 1866, removed by or der of the military governor in 1868, re-elected in 1869, and resigned in November, 1873; was elected to the State Senate of Virginia in March, 1865, but never qualified ; was commissioned first lieutenant of cav alry by Governor Letcher in May, 1861, elected captain of cavalry in 1862, and promoted to major of the Second Virginia Cavalry in 1865 ; was nominated by u convention of the Conservative party of Vir ginia, and elected a representative from Virginia in the Forty-third Congress, receiving 11,401 votes against 10,779 votes for J. F. Johnson, Independent Conservative, indorsed by Republicans, serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1875. Whitehill, James, was born in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania; was judge of the Lancaster- county Court; was a brigadier-general of militia; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirteenth Congress, serving from May 24, 1813, to September 1, 1814, when he resigned; died at Strasburg, Pennsylvania, March 5, 1822. Whitehill, John, was born in Pennsylvania in 1721; was elected a representative from Pennsyl vania in the Eighth Congress; was re-elected to the Ninth Congress, serving from October 17, 1803, to March 3, 1807; died in 1815. Whitehill, Robert, was elected a representa tive from Pennsylvania in the Ninth Congress ; was re-elected to the Tenth, Eleventh, and Twelfth Con gresses, serving from December 2, 1805, to March 3, 1813; died soon after the expiration of his congres sional term. Whitehouse, John O., was born at Roches ter, New Hampshire, July 19, 1817 ; received a pub lic-school education; left his New-England farm-, home in 1835 ; went to the State of New York, and resided at Brooklyn and Poughkeepsie ; is a merchant and manufacturer; never held a public office until elected a representative from New York in the Forty- third Congress as a Liberal, receiving 14,860 votes against 13,932 votes for J. H. Ketcham, Republican; was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Congress as a Lib eral Democrat, receiving 16,181 votes against 11,340 votes for Charles A. Beal, Republican, serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1877. Whiteley, Richard Henry, was born in Ire land December 22, 1830, and immigrated to Georgia in 1836; was self-educated, and was engaged in the man ufacturing business in Georgia from early boyhood ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1860; was opposed to the secession of the State of Georgia from the Union in 1861 ; entered the Confederate army in 1861, and surrendered in 1865 ; was elected as a Re publican to the State Constitutional Convention of Georgia in 1867; was the Republican candidate for Congress in the Second District of Georgia in 1868 ; was appointed solicitor-general of the South-western Circuit in the fall of 1868 ; was elected in February, 1870, by the General Assembly, United-States sena tor, but was not admitted to a seat; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Forty-first Con- jress as a Republican, and took his seat after it had been unsuccessfully contested by Nelson Tift, Demo crat; was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress, receiving 13,441 votes against 12,987 votes for N. Tift, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress, receiving 9,616 votes against 9,530 votes for G. J. Wright, Democrat, serving from February 9, 1871, to March 3, 1875; was defeated as the Repub lican candidate for the Forty-fourth Congress, receiv ing 9,789, votes against 12,108 votes for W. E. Smith, Democrat; was again defeated as the Republican STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 695 candidate for the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 8,015 votes against 13,627 votes for W. E. Smith, Democrat. Whiteley, William G., was born at Newark, Delaware ; received a classical education, graduating at Princeton College in 1838; studied law; was ad mitted to the bar, and commenced practice at New Castle; was elected a representative from Delaware in the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 8,111 votes against 0,300 votes for Cullen, American; and was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving 7,868 votes against 7,452 votes for Morris, American, serving from December 7, 1857, to March 3, 1861. W^hiteside, Jenkins, was elected a United- States senator from Tennessee (in place of Daniel Smith, resigned), serving from May 26, 1809, to Sep tember 1, 1811, when he resigned. W^hiteside, John, was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Fourteenth Congress; was re-elected to the Fifteenth Congress, serving from December 4, 1815, to March 3, 1819. W^itfield, J. W\, was born in Tennessee; removed to Kansas, and located at Tecumseh ; was elected a delegate from Kansas Territory to the Thirty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 2,258 votes against 509 votes for all others ; was re-elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress, defeating Andrew H. Keeder, serving from December 20, 1854, to March 3, 1857. Whiting, Richard H., was born at West Hart ford, Connecticut, January 17, 1826; received a com mon-school education ; entered the Union army as paymaster of volunteers in 1862, and resigned in 1866; was appointed assessor of internal revenue for the Fifth District of Illinois in February, 1870, and served until the office of assessor was abolished, May 20, 1873; was appointed collector of internal revenue from May 20, 1873, for that district, and served until March 4, 1875; and was elected a repre sentative from New York in the Forty-fourth Con gress as a Republican, receiving 9,755 votes against 9,495 votes for Leonard F. Ross, Democrat and Liber al, serving from December 6, 1875, to March 3, 1877. Whiting, William, was born at Concord, Mas sachusetts, March 3, 1813; received a classical educa tion, graduating at Harvard College in 1833; studied law with Harrison Loring and at the Cambridge Law School; was admitted to the bar, and com menced practice at Boston, paying especial attention to patent cases; was appointed by President Lincoln, in the fall of 1862, solicitor of the War Department, and filled the position until he resigned in April, 1S65; was elected a representative from Massachu setts in the Forty-third Congress as a Republican, but died before taking his seat, at Boston Highlands, of an affection of the heart, June 29, 1873. He pub lished a large number of editions of " The War Powers of the Government," and several pamphlets on historical and legal subjects. Whitman, Ezekiel, was born at East Bridge- water, Massachusetts, March 11, 1776; received a classical education, graduating at Brown University in 1795; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Portland (then in Massachu setts, afterwards in Maine); was elected a represen tative from the Maine District of Massachusetts in the Eleventh Congress as a Federalist, serving from May 22, 1809, to March 3, 1811 ; was a member of the Executive Council in 1815 and 1816; was a delegate to the Convention that framed the State Constitution of Maine; was again elected to the Fifteenth Con gress, and re-elected to the Sixteenth Congress, serv ing from December!, 1817, to March 3, 1821; was elected a representative from Maine in the Seven teenth Congress, defeating General Irish, serving from December 3, 1821, to June 1, 1822, when he re signed ; was defeated as the Whig candidate for the Twenty-sixth Congress, receiving 5,023 votes against 5,709 votes for Albert Smith, Democrat; was a judge of the Superior Court; was chief justice of Maine December 10, 1841-October 23, 1848; returned to East Bridgewater, Massachusetts, August 1, 1866. Whitman, Lemuel, was born in Connecticut in 1780; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1800; was elected a representative from Connecticut in the Eighteenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1823, to March 3, 1825; died at Farmington, Connecticut, November 18, 1841. Whitmore, George W., was born in McMinn County, Tennessee, August 26, 1824; received a common-school education; was raised on a farm; removed to Texas in December, 1848; studied and practised law; was a member of the House of Repre sentatives in Texas in 1852 and 1853 and 1858; es poused the Union cause; was imprisoned by the rebels on account of his political sentiments, and was kept in prison until a board of surgeons pro nounced his release necessary; was appointed by Governor Hamilton district-attorney of the Ninth Judicial District in 1806; was appointed register in bankruptcy in 1867 ; and was elected a representative from Texas in the Forty-first Congress as a Repub lican, receiving 8,456 votes against 7,400 votes for Armstrong, Democrat, and 381 votes for Boughton, serving from March 31, 1870, to March 3, 1871. Whitney, Thomas R., was born at New York in 1804; devoted much of his life to literary pursuits ; was the editor of "The New- York Sunday News ;" was a member of the State Senate 1854-1855; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-fourth Congress as an American, receiving 3,321 votes against 2,765 votes for Andrews, Whig, and 2,718 votes for Hamilton, Democrat, serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1857; died at New York April 12, 1858. He published " The Am buscade, a Poem," and " The American Policy Vindicated." W^hittemore, Benjamin P., was born at Mai den, Massachusetts, in 1824; received an academical education; travelled in Europe, South America, and California; studied theology, and became a minister in the Methodist-Episcopal Church; served in the Union army as chaplain ; located in South Carolina after the war; was a delegate to the State Constitu tional Convention of 1867 ; was the founder and ed itor of "The New Era," published at Darlington; was a member of the State Senate ; was elected a representative from South Carolina in the Fortieth Congress; and was re-elected to the Forty-first Con gress, serving from July 18, 1808, to February 23, 1870, when he resigned; was subsequently re-elected, but refused admission June 21, 1870. Whittemore, Elisha, was born in Rocking- ham County, New Hampshire; received a public- school education; removed to New York; was elect ed a representative from New York in the Nineteenth Congress, serving from December 5, 1825, to March 3, 1827. Whitthorne, Washington Curran, was born in Marshall County, Tennessee, April 19, 1825; graduated at the East-Tennessee University, Knox- ville, Tennessee, in 1843 ; studied law, and has since practised; was a member of the State Senate of Tennessee in 1855, 1856, 1857, and 1858; was elected in 1859 to the lower House of the General Assembly of Tennessee, and was made presiding officer thereof; was upon the Breckinridge electoral ticket for the State at large in 1860; was assistant adjutant-general in the provisional army of Tennessee in 1801, and was afterward adjutant-general of the State, which position he held under Governor Harris until the close of the civil war; his disabilities were removed by act of Congress, approved July, 1870, and he was elected a representative from Tennessee in the Forty- second Congress as a Democrat, receiving 9,057 votes against 2,810 votes for T. J. Cypert, Republican, and 1,429 votes f or J. B. Frierson, Republican; was re- elected to the Forty-third Congress, receiving 9,508 votes against 6,849 votes for Gibbs, Republican, and 696 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. 993 votes for Morris ; was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Congress, receiving 9,072 votes against 1,773 votes forGibbs, Republican; was re-elected to the Forty- fifth Congress, receiving 12,327 votes against 3,707 votes for Cliff, Republican, serving from March 4, Whittlesey, Elisha, was born at Washington, Connecticut, October 19, 1783; was reared on a farm; received an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Canfield, in the " Western Reserve " of Ohio, in 1806; was for sixteen years prosecuting-attorney ; served in the war of 1812 as aide-de-camp to General E. Wadsworth; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1820 and 1821 ; was elected a rep resentative from Ohio in the Eighteenth Congress ; was re-elected to the Nineteenth, Twentieth, Twenty- first, Twenty-second, Twenty-third, Twenty-fourth, and Twenty-fifth Congresses, serving from December 1, 1823, to July 9, 1838, when he resigned; was ap pointed by President Harrison sixth auditor of the treasury, serving from March 17, 1841, to December 10, 1843; was appointed by President Taylor first auditor of the treasury, serving from May 31, 1849, until he was removed by President Buchanan March 20, 1857 ; he was re-appointed by President Lincoln April 10, 1801, and held the office until he died at Washington City January 7, 1863. Whittlesey, Frederick, was born at Wash ington, Connecticut, June 16, 1799; received a clas sical education, graduating at Yale College in 1818; studied law; was admitted to the bar at Utica, New York, in 1821, and commenced practice at Rochester in 1822; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-second Congress, and was re-elected to the Twenty-third Congress, serving from Decem ber 5, 1831, to March 3, 1835; was vice-chancellor of the Eighth Judicial District of New York 1839-1847; was appointed a justice of the State Supreme Court June 30, 1847; was chosen professor of law in Gene- see College in 1850; died at Rochester, New York, September 19, 1851. Whittlesey, Thomas T., was born in Con necticut; received a liberal education, graduating at Yale College; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Danbury, Connecticut ; was elected to fill a vacancy in the Twenty-fourth Congress (caused by the death of Zalmon Wildman) as a Van Buren Democrat, receiving 17,688 votes against 14,549 votes for Reuben Booth,Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-fifth Congress, serving from April 29, 1836, to March 3, 1839; was defeated as the Demo cratic candidate for the Twenty-sixth Congress, re ceiving 3,701 votes against 4,023 votes for Thomas B. Osborne, Whig. Whittlesey, William A., was born in Con necticut; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Marietta, Ohio ; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirty-first Congress as a Democrat, receiving 0,375 votes against 6,037 votes for Cutler, Whig, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1851. Whyte, William Pinkney, was born at Bal timore August 9, 1824; was educated at Baltimore College and by private tutors; served for eighteen months in the banking-house of George Peabody; studied law at the Harvard Law School, and was ad mitted to the Baltimore bar in 1840; was a member of the legislature of Maryland in 1847-1848; was judge-advocate of a court-martial at the Naval Acad emy in 1848; was a Democratic candidate for Con gress in a Whig district in 1851, and beaten by 119 votes; was elected comptroller of the State of Mary land in 1>S53, and declined a re-election in 1855; was a , r ain a Democratic candidate for Congress in 1857 against t!ic Know-Nothings, and contested the scat, liut was defeated in the House by a small majority; refused to claim any pay as a contestant, although the report of the Committee on Elections was against the sitting member; was a delegate to the Democratic National Convention in 1868; was appointed to the United-States Senate by the governor of Maryland (to fill the vacancy occasioned by the appointment of Reverdy Johnson as minister to Great Britain) ; took his seat July 14, 1868, and served until March 4, 1809 (Mr. Johnson s successor had been elected by the legislature in January, 1808) ; was elected governor of Maryland for four years in November, 1871, and resigned the office to enable the legislature to elect his successor on his having been elected United-States senator from Maryland as a Democrat (to succeed W. T. Hamilton, Democrat); he received the degree of LL.D. in June, 1874, from the University of Mary land ; he took his seat in the Senate March 4, 1875, and his term of service will expire March 3, 1881. Wick, William W\, was born at Canonsburg, Pennsylvania, February 23, 1796; received an aca demical education ; taught school ; studied medicine until 1818; then studied law with Thomas Corwin; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Fayette County, Indiana, in 1820; was assistant clerk of the State House of Representatives in 1820, and assistant secretary of the Senate in 1821 ; was presi dent-judge of the Fifth Judicial Circuit in 1822; was secretary of the State of Indiana in 1825 ; was State attorney for the Fifth Judicial Circuit 1829- 1831 ; was president-judge 1832-1835 ; was elected a representative from Indiana in the Twenty-sixth Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1841; was again elected to the Twenty-ninth Congress ; was re-elected to the Thir tieth Congress, defeating Nicholas McCarty, serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1849; was presi dent-judge of the Fifth Judicial Circuit; was ap pointed by President Pierce postmaster at Indianap olis, serving from 1853 to 1857; was at different times adjutant-general, quartermaster-general, and brigadier-general of the State militia; resumed the practice of law ; died in Franklin County, Indiana, May 19, 1868. Wlckes, Eliphalet, was born in Suffolk Coun ty, New York ; resided at Huntingdon ; was elected a representative from New York in the Ninth Con gress, serving from December 2, 1805, to March 3, 1807. Wickliffe, Charles A., was born at Bards- town, Kentucky, June 8, 1788; was educated at the Bardstown Grammar School; studied law; was ad mitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Bards- town, Kentucky; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1812 and 1813 ; served at the battle of the Thames as aide-de-camp to General Caldwell ; was a member of the State House of Rep resentatives in 1814-1823 ; was elected a representa tive from Kentucky in the Eighteenth Congress as a Henry Clay Democrat ; and was successively re-elect ed to the Nineteenth, Twentieth, Twenty-first, and Twenty-second Congresses ; was again elected to the State House of Representatives, of which he was speaker in 1834 ; was elected lieutenant-governor of Kentucky in 1836, and, on the death of Governor Clark in 1839, he became governor; was appointed by President Tyler postmaster-general September 13, 1841, and served until March 5, 1845; was sent by President Polk on a secret mission to the republic of Texas in 1845; was a member of the Kentucky Constitutional Convention of 1845; was a delegate to the Peace Congress of 1801 ; was again elected a rep resentative from Kentucky in the Thirty-seventh Congress as a Union Whig, receiving 8,217 votes against 2,719 votes for Read, Secessionist, serving from July 4, 1801, until March 3, 1863; was a dele gate to the National Democratic Convention at Chi cago in 1864 ; died at Bardstown, Kentucky, October 31, 1809. Wickliffe, Robert C., was born at Bardstown, Kentucky; received an academical education; stud ied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at New Orleans, Louisiana; was governor STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 697 of the State of Louisiana 1858-1S60; claimed to have been elected a representative from Louisiana in the Thirty-ninth Congress; his credentials were present ed December 19, 1865, but he was not admitted to a seat. W^dgery, William, was born at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, in 1753; received a public-school edu cation ; followed the seas in early life ; was lieuten ant of a privateer during the Revolutionary war; removed to Portland (then in the Maine District of Massachusetts) ; was member of the State House of Representatives in 1789, 1791, 1793, 1794, and 1797; was a member of the Executive Council in 1800 and 1807; was judge of the Court of Common Pleas 1813- 1822; was elected a representative from the Maine District of Massachusetts in the Twelfth Congress as a War Democrat, serving from November 4, 1811, to March 3, 1813 ; when he returned from Washing ton, after having voted in favor of a war, he was hooted at by an angry crowd as he passed through Newburyport; he was defeated as the Democratic War candidate for the Thirteenth Congress by George Bradbury, Federalist; removed to Boston ; died there August 7, 1822. Wigfall, Lewis T., was born in Virginia; received a classical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Marshall, Texas ; was elected a United-States senator from Texas as a Democrat (to rill the vacancy caused by the death of James Pinckney Henderson, which Matthias Ward had temporarily filled by appoint ment), serving from January 4, 1860, until March 3, 1861 ; not taking his seat at the called session of the Thirty-second Congress, he was formally expelled July 11, 1861; he participated in the bombardment of Fort Sumter, and was appointed brigadier-general in the Confederate service October 29, 1861 ; resigned February 20, 1862 ; he represented Texas in the Pro visional Confederate Congress, serving from Febru ary 18, 1861, until February IS, 1862; he was senator in the permanent Confederate Congress, serving from February 16, 1862, until February 18, 1866; after the war he went to London, where he resided several years, and then lived in Baltimore, where he was admitted to the bar December 1, 1873, and prac tised his profession; visiting Texas on a lecturing tour, he d_ied at Galveston February 14, 1874. Wigginton, Peter Dinwiddie, was born at Springtield, Illinois, September 6, 1839; was educated in private, and common schools, and at the Universi ty of Wisconsin; studied law with L. M. Strong of Wisconsin; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Merced; was district-attorney of Merced County from March, 1864, to March, 1868 ; and was elected a representative from California in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 15,418 votes against 10,320 votes for S. O. Houghton, Republican, and 4,872 votes for J. S. Thompson, Independent, serving from December 6, 1875, to March 3, 1877. W^ke, Scott, was born in Meadville, Pennsyl vania, April 6, 1834 ; received a classical education, graduating at Lombard University, Galesburg, Illi nois, in 1857; studied law with Judge O. C. Skinner; was admitted to the bar in 1858; attended the Cam bridge Law School, and commenced practice at Pitts- field, Illinois, in 1859; was a member of the legisla ture of Illinois 1863-1867; and was elected to the Forty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 11,529 votes against 7,429 votes for David E. Beatty, Republican, serving from December 6, 1875, to March 3, 1877. "Wilber, David, was born near Quaker s Street, in Schenectady County, New York, Octobers, 1820; received a common-school education; commenced life by working as a farm-laborer; then cultivated jand on shares, became the owner of real estate, and was largely interested in the lumber-trade and farm ing; commenced the hop business in 1848, which grew to be an extensive and profitable trade; was one of the directors of the Second National Bank at Cooperstown, and owned the bank at Oneonta known as " David Wilber s Bank: " never held, or was a can didate for, any political office outside of the town in which he resided, until elected a representative from New York in the Forty-third Congress as a Repub lican, receiving 17,368 votes against 15,171 votes for H. Sturgis, Democrat, serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1875. Wilbour, Isaac, was born at Little Compton, Rhode Island; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised; was elected a representative from Rhode Island in the Tenth Congress, serving from October 26, 1807, to March 3, 1809; was for many years chief justice of Rhode Island ; was acting gov ernor of Rhode Island in 1806. Wilcox, Jeduthan, was born in New Hamp shire in 1769; was elected a representative from New Hampshire in the Thirteenth Congress as a Federal ist, receiving on a general ticket 18,478 votes against 15,764 votes for J. Butler, Democrat; was re-elected to the Fourteenth Congress, serving from May 24, 1813, to March 3, 1817 ; died at Oxford, New Hamp shire, in July, 1838. Wilcox/ John A., was born in North Carolina, April 18, 1819; removed early in life with his father to Tennessee, where he was reared and educated; removed to Mississippi, and located at Aberdeen; was secretary of the State Senate; served in the Mexican war as lieutenant, adjutant, and lieuten ant-colonel of the Second Regiment of Mississippi Volunteers January, 1847- July, 1848 ; was elected a representative from Mississippi in the Thirty-second Congress as a Union Whig, receiving 6,927 votes against 6,201 votes for Featherston, State-rights Democrat, serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1853; was defeated as the Union Whig candidate for the Thirty-third Congress, receiving 6,837 votes against 7,039 votes for W. S. Barry, State-rights Democrat; removed in the fall of 1853 to Texas; was a prominent member of the convention which adopted the ordinance of secession; was elected a representative from Texas in the First Confederate Congress, and re-elected to the Second Congress; but died before taking his seat, at Richmond, Vir ginia, February 7, 1864. Wilcox, Leonard, was born in New Hamp shire in 1800; received a classical education, gradu ating at Dartmouth College in 1817; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Oxford ; was a member of the State House of Repre sentatives; was a judge of the Superior Court; was appointed a United-States senator from New Hamp shire (in place of Franklin Pierce, resigned), and subsequently elected as a Democrat, serving from March 7, 1842, to March 3, 1843; died at Oxford, New Hampshire, in 1850. Wilde, Richard Henry, was born at Dublin, Ireland, September 24, 1789; immigrated to Balti more with his father in 1797; his father dying in 1802, his mother completed the education which she had given him, and took him to Augusta, Georgia ; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1809, and commenced practice at Augusta; was appointed attorney-general of Georgia ; was elected a represen tative from Georgia in the Fourteenth Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 4, 1815, to March 3, 1817; was again elected to the Eighteenth Con gress (in place of Thomas W. Cobb, resigned), serv ing from February 7, 1825, to March 3, 1825 ; was defeated as a candidate for the Nineteenth Congress by John Forsyth; was again elected to the Twen tieth Congress, and re-elected to the Twenty- first, Twenty-second, and Twenty-third Congresses, serv ing from December 3, 1827, to March 3, 1835 ; was defeated as the State-rights candidate for the Twen ty-fourth Congress, receiving on a general ticket 28,168 votes against 31,247 votes for Thomas Glas- cock, Unionist; visited Europe in 1835-1840; re turned home, and in 1843 removed to New Orleans to act as professor of law in the University of Louisi- 698 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. ana: died at New Orleans September 24, 1789. He published "The Love, Madness, and Imprisonment of Tasso," " Hesperia," and many poems, one of which, " My Life is like the Summer Rose," was pruN -d by Lord Byron. Wilder, A. Carter, was born at Mendon, Mas sachusetts, March IS, 1828; received a public-school education; removed in 1850 to Rochester, New York; removed in 1857 to Leavenworth, Kansas, where he engaged in mercantile pursuits; was a delegate from Kansas to the National Republican Convention at Chicago in 1860 ; was elected a repre sentative from Kansas in the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Republican, receiving 9,676 votes against 4,666 votes for Parrott, Democrat, and 930 votes for Mat thias, serving from December 7, 1863, to March 3, 1865; was a delegate from Kansas to the National Republican Convention at Baltimore in 1864; died at San Francisco, California, December 23, 1875. Wildman, Zalmon, was born at Danbury, Connecticut; received a public-school education; learned a trade, and became a master mechanic; was elected a representative from Connecticut in the Twenty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 7, 18:35, to December 10, 1835, when he died at Washington City. W^ildrick, Isaac, was born in New Jersey; re sided at Blairstown; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Thirty-first Congress as a Democrat, receiving 9,215 votes against 2,778 votes for Robertson, Whig ; and was re-elected to the Thir ty-second Congress, receiving 9,097 votes against 4,498 votes for Edsall, Whig, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1853. W^iley, J. McCaleb, was born in Cabarras County, North Carolina, in 1806; received a public- school education; removed with his father to North Carolina in 1823; visited Mexico in 1833, and served for three years in the Mexican army; settled in Bibb County, Alabama, in 1836 ; was appointed register in chancery in 1839; was one of the board of visitors to West Point in 1852; was grand master of Masons in Alabama; was appointed judge of the Eighth Circuit in 1866; was elected a representative from Alabama in the Thirty-ninth Congress, but was not permitted to take his seat; was elected judge of the Circuit Court in 1871. Wiley, James S., was born in Maine; received a classical education, graduating at Waterville Col lege in 1836 ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Dover; was elected a representative from Maine in the Thirtieth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 4,817 votes against 3,615 votes for Kingsbury, Whig, and 1,560 votes Abolition and scattering, serving from December 6, 1847, to March 3, 1849, Wilkin, James W., was born in Orange Coun ty, New York, in 1762 ; received a classical education, graduating at Princeton College in 1785; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Goshen; was a member of the State House of Repre sentatives in 1800; was elected a representative from New York in the Fourteenth Congress ; was re-elected to the Fifteenth Congress, serving from December 4, 1815, to March 3, 1819 ; was county-clerk of Orange County July 8, 1819-February 15, 1821; died at Goshon, New York, February 23, 1845. Wilkin, Samuel J., was born in Orange County, New York, in 1790 ; received a classical edu cation, graduating at Princeton College in 1812; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Goshen; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1824 and 1825; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-second Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 5, 831, to March 2,1833; was defeated as the Whig candidate for lieutenant-governor on the ticket headed by Mi Hard Fillmore in 1844; died at Goshen, New York, March 11, isiiii. Wilkins, William, was born at Carlisle, Peiin- sylvania, in 1779; received a classical education, which was completed at Dickinson College; studied law with Judge Watts; was admitted to the bar at Carlisle, and commenced practice at Pittsburg in 1800; was president of the Bank of Pittsburg and of the Pittsburg Manufacturing Company; was brigadier-general of militia; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1819; was de feated as a candidate for the Twentieth Congress by James S. Stevenson ; was elected a United-States senator from Pennsylvania as a Democrat and anti- Mason, serving from December 5, 1831, to June 30, 1834, when lie resigned, having been appointed minister to Russia; resigned, and returned home December 24, 1835; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 4,438 votes against 2,237 votes for Craig, Independent, 1,884 votes for Breck- inridge, Whig, and 379 votes for Penniman, Abo litionist, serving from December 4, 1843, to February 14, 1844, when he resigned, having been appointed by President Tyler a member of his cabinet; was secretary of war February 15, 1844-March 3, 1845 ; was United-States judge for the Western Judicial District of Pennsylvania; was a State senator in 1857; was a member of a "home guard" in 1862; died near Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, June 23, 1865. W^ilkinson, Morton S., was born at Skan- eateles, New York, January 22, 1819; received a public-school education ; studied law with Beach & Underwood; was admitted to the bar, and com menced practice at Eaton Rapids, Michigan, in 1843 ; removed to St. Paul, Minnesota, in 1847 ; was elected a member of the first Territorial legislature in 1849; was appointed one of a board of commissioners to prepare a code of laws for the Territory ; removed to Mankato ; was elected to the Senate of the United States in 1859 as a Republican (to succeed James Shields, Democrat) ; served in the Senate until 1865; was elected a representative from Minnesota in the Forty-first Congress as a Republican, receiving 23,724 votes against 14,646 votes for Batchelder, Democrat, serving from March 4, 1869, to March 3, 1871. Willard, Charles W., was born at Lyndon, Caledonia County, Vermont, June 18, 1827 ; gradu ated at Dartmouth College in 1851 ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar at Montpelier in 1853 ; was elected secretary of state in 1855-1856, and declined a re-election ; was elected a State senator in 1860 and 1861; became the editor, in 1861, of "The Green- Mountain Freeman;" was elected a representative from Vermont in the Forty-first Congress as a Re publican, receiving 13,999 votes against 4,396 votes for J. Cain, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty- second Congress, receiving 10,476 votes against 3,675 votes for J. Cain, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress as a Republican, receiving 14,061 votes against 3,621 votes for H. W. Heaton, Democrat, serving from March 4, 1869, to March 3, 1875. Willard, George, was born at Bolton, Vermont, March 20, 1824; received a liberal education, and was a professor for two years in Kalamazoo College ; was editor and publisher of " The Battle-Creek Journal; " was a member of the Michigan State Board of Edu cation from 1857 to 1863 ; was elected regent of the University of Michigan in 1863, and re-elected for eight years in 1865; was elected to the State legisla ture in 1866, and the following year a member of the State Constitutional Convention, serving in both bodies as chairman of the Committee on Education ; was a delegate at large from Michigan to the National Republican Convention in 1872 ; was elected a repre sentative from Michigan in the Forty-third Congress as a Republican, receiving 17,822 votes against 10,275 votes for J. G. Parkhurst, Democrat; and was re- elected to the Forty-fourth Congress, receiving 13,372 votes against 12,174 votes for F. Livermore, Demo crat, serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1877. STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 699 Willey, Calvin, was born at East Haddain, Connecticut, September 15, 177G; received an aca demic education; studied law with John T. Peters; was admitted to the bar in 1708, and commenced practice at Stafford; was for nine successive years a member of the State House of Representatives, and for two years a State senator: was appointed post master at Stafford Springs in 1SOG; removed to Tol- land, Connecticut, in 1808; was appointed post master there, and held the office until 1816; was a presidential elector on the John Quincy Adams ticket in 1824; was elected a United-States senator from Connecticut (in place of James Lanman, who had been appointed, but who was declared not en titled to his seat), serving from December 9, 1825, to March 3, 1831 ; resumed practice ; died at Stafford, Connecticut, August 23, 1838. Willey, Waitman T., was born in Monongalia County, Virginia, October 18, 1811; graduated at Madison College, Pennsylvania; studied and prac tised law; was clerk of the Monongalia County Court, and also of the Circuit Superior Court of Law and Chancery of the same county, from 1841 to 1855; was a delegate to the Constitutional Con vention of Virginia in 1851; was a delegate to the Virginia State Convention in 1861; was elected a United-States senator from Virginia by the re organized Virginia legislature (in place of J. M. Mason, withdrawn), and took his seat July 13, 1861; was a delegate to the convention which adopted the Constitution of the State of West Virginia; was elected to the United-States Senate from West Vir ginia in 1863; and was re-elected, serving from De cember 7, 1803, to March 3, 1871. Williams, Alpheus S., was born at Saybrook, Connecticut, September 20, 1810; graduated at Yale College in 1831 ; was a student in the Yale Law School in 1832 and 1833 ; travelled in Europe in 1834-1836 ; re moved to Michigan in 1836, and commenced the prac tice of law; was judge of probate for Wayne County 1840-1844; was alderman of Detroit in 1843, and recorder of the city in 1844; was proprietor and editor of "The Detroit Daily Advertiser" in 1843-1848; was lieutenant-colonel of the First Michigan Volun teer Infantry Regiment in the Mexican war 1847- 1848; was postmaster of Detroit 1849-1853; entered the Union army by appointment of the President as brigadier-general of volunteers in August, 1861; commanded the Twelfth Corps in the battles of South Mountain, Antietam, and Gettysburg, and the Twentieth Corps in the siege of Atlanta, on Sherman s "march to the sea," and in the campaign of the Carolinas, and was mustered out of service in January, 1866; was appointed in August, 1866, by the President, one of the commissioners to adjust the military claims of Missouri ; was minister resident to the republic of Salvador 1866-1869 ; was elected a representative from Michigan in the Forty-fourth Congress on the Democratic and Reform tickets, receiving 10,848 votes against 8,892 votes for Moses W. Field, Republican, and 56 votes for C. P. Russell, Temperance ; was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Con gress, receiving 14,471 votes against 12,417 votes for Henry M. Duffield, Republican, and 1,736 votes for John V. Renkle, Greenback candidate, serving from December 6, 1875. Williams, Andrew, was born at Ormstown, Canada, August 27, 1828; received a common-school education until he was thrown upon his own re sources at fifteen years of age ; arrived in the United States in October, 1848; commenced business at Plattsburg as a manufacturer of bloom-iron in 1855; was a merchant and manufacturer of iron and lumber; and was elected a representative from New York in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Republican, receiving 11,251 votes against 8,336 votes for Artemus B. Waldo, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 13.177 votes against 10,246 votes for rlatt, Democrat, serving from December 6, 1875. Williams, Benjamin, was born in North Caro lina in 1754; received a thorough English education; entered the Revolutionary army as captain, and so distinguished himself at the battle of Guilford that, he was made a colonel ; served a number cf years as a member of the State House of Representatives; was elected a representative from North Carolina in the Third Congress, serving from December 2, 1793, to March 3, 1795; was governor of North Carolina 1799-1802 and 1807-1808; was a member of the State Senate 1808-1809; died in Moore County, North Carolina. July 20, 1814. Williams, Charles G., was born at Royal ton, New York, October 18, 1829; received an academic education, and studied law at Rochester in that State ; removed to Wisconsin in 1856, and entered upon the practice of his profession; was presidential elector in 1868, and elected to the State Senate in that year; was re-elected to the State Senate in 1870, and twice chosen president pro tempore of that body; was elected a representative from Wisconsin in the Forty-third Congress as a Republican, receiving 15,666 votes against 9,380 votes for I. C. Sloan, Liberal Republican; was re-elected to the Forty- fourth Congress, receiving 12,568 votes against 9,532 votes for Pratt, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 18,206 votes against 12,478 votes for H. G. Winslow, Democrat, serving from December 1, 1873. Williams, Christopher H., was born in Tennessee; resided at Lexington; was elected a representative from Tennessee in the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Whig, receiving 1,882 majority over W. C. Dunlap, Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty-sixth and Twenty-seventh Congresses, serv ing from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1843; was again elected to the Thirty-first Congress, receiving no opposition; and was re-elected to the Thirty- second Congress, receiving no opposition, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1853. Williams, David R., was born at Society Hill, South Carolina; received a classical educa tion, graduating at Brown University in 1797; stud ied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice, carrying on an extensive plantation; was elected a representative from South Carolina in the Ninth Congress; and was re-elected to the Tenth Congress, serving from December 2, 1805, to March 3, 18u9; was again elected to the Twelfth Congress as a War Democrat, serving from November 4, 1811, to March 3, 1813; was appointed brigadier-general in the United-States army July 9, 1813, and resigned- April 6, 1814; was governor of South Carolina 1814 1816; was killed by accident at a new bridge Novem ber 15, 1830. W^illiams, George H., was born in Columbia County, New York, March 23, 1823; received an academic education; studied law, and, removing to Iowa, commenced practice there; was judge of the First Judicial District of Iowa from 1847 to 1852; was a presidential elector from Iowa in 1852; was appointed by President Pierce chief justice of the Territory of Oregon in 1853, and was re-appointed by President Buchanan in 1857, but resigned; was elected a member of the Convention which framed the Constitution of Oregon in 1858; was elected United-States senator from Oregon as a Union Re publican (to succeed B. F. Harding, Union Repub lican), serving from December 4, 1865, to March 3, 1871 ; was a member of the High Joint Commission for the adjustment of differences between the United States and Great Britain in 1871 ; was appointed by President Grant attorney-general of the United States, serving from January 10, 1872, to May 15, 1875; on the death of Chief -Justice Chase he was nominated by President Grant chief justice of the Supreme Court of the United States December 1, 1873, but, the Senate showing no disposition to con firm the nomination, it was withdrawn; he resumed the practice of law at Washington City. Williams, Henry, was born at Taunton, Mas- 700 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. sachusetts, November, 1804 ; received an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Taunton; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Twenty- sixth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 3,300 votes against 2,9-20 votes for N. B. Borden, Whig, serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1841; was de feated as the Democratic candidate for the Twenty- seventh Congress by N. B. Borden, Whig, on the sec ond trial; was again elected to the Twenty-eighth Congress, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1845; declined being a candidate for re-election; was a member of the State Senate for two years, and of the State Honse of Representatives for three years. W^illiams, Hezekiah, was born at Woodstock, Vermont, in 1798; received a classical education, graduating at Dartmouth College in 1820; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice at Castine; was register of probate for Hancock County 1824-1838; was a member of the State Senate 1839-1841 ; was elected a representative from Maine in the Twenty-ninth Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirtieth Congress, receiving 5,033 votes against 3,740 votes for J. S. Pike, Whig, serv ing from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1849; died at Castine October 24, 1856. Williams, Isaac, jun., was born in Otsego County, New York; resided at Otsego; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirteenth Congress (to fill the vacancy caused by the death of W. Dowse), having successfully contested the election of John M. Bowers, as a Democrat, serving from January 24, 1814, to March 2, 1815; was again elect ed to the Fifteenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1817, to March 3, 1819; was again elected to the Eighteenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1823, to March 3, 1825. Williams, James, was born at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, August 4, 1825; was educated at the Friends school of Philadelphia; removed to Dela ware in 1844, and engaged in agricultural pursuits; was a member of the State legislature of Delaware in 1850 and 1862, and of the State Senate in 1866- 1871, serving the last two years as speaker; was a member of the National Democratic Convention at Baltimore in 1872; was elected a representative from Delaware in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Demo crat, receiving 12,602 votes against 11,024 votes for James R. Lofiand, Republican; and was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 13,169 votes against 10,592 votes for Levi C. Bird, Republican, serving from December 6, 1875. Williams, James D., was born in Pickaway County, Ohio, January 16, 1808; removed to Knox County, Indiana, in 1818; was educated in the log schoolhouses of the country; is by occupation a f armer ; was a member of the State House of Repre sentatives of Indiana in 1843, 1847, 1851, 1856, and 1868; was elected to the State Senate in 1858, 1862, and 1870; was a delegate to the National Democratic Convention at Baltimore in 1872; was the Demo cratic nominee for United-States senator in 1873 against Oliver P. Morton; was elected a representa tive from Indiana in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 17,393 votes against 9,545 votes for Levi Ferguson, Republican, serving from Decem ber 6, 1875, to December 1, 1870, when he resigned, having been elected governor of Indiana. Williams, James W., was born in Maryland in 1787 ; received a classical education ; was for sev eral years a member of the State House of Repre sentatives, and had been elected speaker in 1830, When an attack of paralysis made it necessary for him to resign, incapacitating him for a time from public business; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Twenty-seventh Congress as a Democrat, defeating J. C. Orrick, and serving from ttsy : .!, 1841, to December 2, 1842, when he was stricken with paralysis while on his way to Wash ington in his carriage, and survived but a short time. Williams, Jared, was born in Montgomery County, Maryland, March 4, 1766; received a good English education; engaged in agricultural pursuits; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1811-1817; was elected a representative from Vir ginia in the Sixteenth Congress as a Jackson Demo crat; was re-elected to the Seventeenth Congress, receiving 448 majority; was re-elected to the Eigh teenth Congress, serving from December 6, 1819, to March 3, 1825; was a presidential elector on the Jackson and Calhoun ticket in 1829; died near New ton, Virginia, after a brief illness, January 2, 1831. Williams, Jared W., was born in New Hamp shire ; received a classical education, graduating at Brown University in 1818; studied law; was admit ted to the bar, and commenced practice at Lancaster, New Hampshire ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1830, 1831, 1835, and 1836; was a member of the State Senate in 1832, 1833, and 1834; was elected a representative from New Hampshire in the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty-sixth Congress, serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1841 ; was gov ernor of New Hampshire 1847-1849; was appointed a United-States senator from New Hampshire (in place of Charles G. Atherton, deceased), serving from De cember 12, 1853, to March 3, 1855; died at Lancaster, New Hampshire, September 29, 1864. Williams, Jeremiah N., was born in Barbour County, Alabama, in April, 1829; received a liberal education, graduating at the University of South Carolina; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and has since practised; entered the Confederate army in 1861 as major, but was obliged to resign on ac count of ill health ; was elected to the State legisla ture of Alabama in 1872, but not permitted to take his seat; was elected a representative from Alabama in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiv ing 20,180 votes against 19,124 votes for J. T. Rapier, Republican; was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Con gress, receiving 14,089 votes against 3,896 votes for W. H. Betts, Republican, serving from December 6, 1875. Williams, John, was born in Hanover County, Virginia; served an apprenticeship to the carpenter s trade; removed to North Carolina; studied law, and commenced practice; was seized by the Regulators while attending court at Hillsborough in 1770, and severely beaten ; was one of the first judges under the State Constitution, serving from 1777 until 1790; was a delegate to the Continental Congress 1777- 1778; died in Granville County, North Carolina, in October, 1799. Williams, John, was born in Washington County, New York; served in the Revolutionary war, attaining the rank of colonel ; was a member of the First State Senate in 1777, but was expelled for misconduct ; was again a member of the State Sen ate 1782-1793; was elected a representative from New York in the Fourth Congress; and was re- elected to the Fifth Congress, serving from Decem ber 7, 1795, to March 3, 1799. Williams, John (brother of Lewis and Robert Williams, and father of Joseph L. Williams), was born in Surry County, North Carolina ; was appointed captain in the Sixth United-States Infantry April, 1799 ; resigned in 1800 ; studied law at Salisbury, North Carolina ; was admitted to the bar in 1803, and com menced practice near Knoxville, Tennessee; served in the war of 1812 as colonel of a regiment of Ken tucky mounted volunteers, and subsequently of the Thirty-ninth United-States Infantry; served under General Jackson at New Orleans and in Alabama, and became his earnest political adversary; was elected a United-States senator from Tennessee (in place of George W. Campbell, resigned), serving from December 4, 1815, to March 3, 1823; was ap pointed by President John Quincy Adams cJtanje d affaires to Central America, serving from Decem ber 29, 1825, to December 1, 182G ; was a member of STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 701 the State Senate ; was offered a seat iipon the bench of the Supreme Court of Tennessee, but declined it; died near Knoxville, Tennessee, August 10, 1837. Williams, John, was born at Utica, New York, in 1807; removed to Sackett s Harbor, and from there to Rochester; was engaged in mercantile pur suits; was an alderman of Rochester in 1852; was mayor of Rochester 18-33-1854; was elected a rep resentative from New York in the Thirty-fourth Congress as an anti-Nebraska Democrat, receiving 5,609 votes against 4,227 votes for Carpenter, Whig, and 1,865 votes for Sibley, Democrat, serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1857; was a major- general of militia, and was active in recruiting troops for the Union army ; was city treasurer of Rochester 1871-1875 ; died at Rochester, New York, March 26, 1875. Williams, John M. S., was born at Richmond, Virginia, August 14, 1818; was educated at the pub lic schools of Boston; was a merchant and ship-own er; was a member of the State House of Representa tives in 1856, and of the State Senate in 1858 ; was a presidential elector from the Fourth District of Mas sachusetts in 1868 ; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Forty-third Congress as a Re publican, receiving 11,929 votes against 5,829 votes for W. W. Warren, Democrat, serving from Decem ber 1, 1873, to March 3, 1875; was defeated as the Republican candidate for the Forty-fourth Congress, receiving 7,861 votes against 8,585 votes for W. W. Warren, Democrat. Williams, Jonathan, was born at Boston, Mas sachusetts, in 1752; received a public-school educa tion; was placed in a counting-house as clerk, and made several voyages to Europe and the West Indies as supercargo; visiting France in 1777, he was ap pointed commercial agent of the United States by his uncle, Benjamin Franklin, and returned to the United States with him in 1785, locating at Philadel phia; was for several years a judge of the Court of Common Pleas; entered the United-States army as major of engineers February 16, 1801; was inspector of fortifications and superintendent of the Military Academy at West Point December 4, 1801 ; was lieu tenant-colonel of engineers July 8, 1802; resigned June 20, 1803 ; was colonel of engineers February 23, 1803; resigned July 31, 1812; was elected a represen tative from Pennsylvania in the Fourteenth Con gress, but died at Philadelphia, before taking his seat, May 16, 1815. He published "A Memoir on the Use of the Thermometer in Navigation" 1799, "The Elements of Fortification" (a translation) 1801. and " Kosciuszko s Movements for Horse-Ar tillery" 1808. Williams, Joseph L. (son of John Williams), was born in Tennessee; resided at Knoxville; was elected a representative from Tennessee in the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Whig, receiving 4,321 votes against 2,653 votes for R. M. Anderson, Whig ; was re-elected to the Twenty-sixth Congress, receiv ing 5,153 votes without opposition; was re-elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress, serving from Septem ber 4. 1837, to March 3, 1843. Williams, Lemuel, was born in Massachu setts; received a classical education, graduating at Harvard University in 1705 ; was elected a represen tative from Massachusetts in the Sixth, Seventh, and Eighth Congresses, serving from December 2, 1799, to March 3/1805. Williams, Lewis (brother of John and Robert Williams), was born near Shallow Ford, North Caro lina, in 1782; received a classical education, gradu ating at the University of North Carolina in 1808; was a member of the House of Commons of North Carolina in 1813 and 1814; was elected a representa tive in the Fourteenth Congress; was successively re-elected to thirteen Congresses, ending with the Twenty-seventh, serving from December 4, 1815, until his death at Washington February 23, 1842 ; he received, by universal consent, the title of " the Father of the House," and, although childless, his congressional responsibilities, doubtless, often more than filled his paternal anxieties. Williams, Marmaduke, was born in Caswell County, North Carolina, April 6, 1772; received a classical education; studied law, and practised; was a member of the State Senate in 1802 ; was elected a representative from North Carolina in the Eighth Congress as a Democrat (to succeed his brother, Robert Williams, who had been appointed by Presi dent Jefferson governor of Mississippi) ; was re-elect ed to the Ninth and Tenth Congresses, serving from October 17, 1803, to March 3, 1809; removed to Madi son County, Alabama, in 1810, and thence to Tusca- loosa in 1818; was a member of the First Constitu tional Convention of Alabama in 1819; was a candidate for governor in 1819, but was defeated by Thomas W. Bibb ; was appointed on the commis sion to adjust unsettled Territorial accounts with Mississippi in 1826; was elected judge of the Tusca- loosa County Court in 1832, and held the position until disqualified by constitutional limitation in April, 1842, when he became seventy years of age ; died at Tuscaloosa, Alabama, October 29, 1850. Williams, Nathan, was born in Oneida Coun ty, New York; resided at Utica; was elected a repre sentative from New York in the Ninth Congress, serving from December 2, 18G5, to March 3, 1807; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1818. Williams, Reuel, was born at Hallowell (now Augusta), Maine, June 2, 1783; received an academ ical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1802, and commenced practice at Augusta, Maine ; was a member of the State House of Repre sentatives 1822-1826, of the State Senate 1827-1828, and again of the House 1829-1832; was elected a United-States senator from Maine as a Democrat (to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Senator Shepley), serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1843; was prominent in the railroad project for connecting trains between Augusta and Boston, and was for twelve years manager of the railroad; visited Washington in November, 1861, as one of the com missioners of Maine appointed to look after the pub lic defences of the State, and obtained from the secretary of war an order that the fortifications being erected at the mouth of the Penobscot be called Fort Popham in honor of the first colony on the shores of New England, established under George Popham ; died at Augusta, Maine, July 23, 1862. Williams, Richard, was born at Findley, Han cock County, Ohio, November 15, 1836; removed to Oregon in 1851; was educated at the Willamette University ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar in 185S, and practised at Portland ; was elected to the Forty-fifth Congress as a Republican, receiving 15,347 votes against 14,239 votes for La Fayette Lane, Democrat, serving from October 15, 1877. Williams, Robert (brother of John and Lewis Williams), was bom near Shallow Ford, North Caro lina; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised; was adjutant-general of North Carolina during the war; made the only perfect collection extant of the acts, public and private, of the Gener al Assembly of North Carolina; was elected a repre sentative from North Carolina in the Fifth Congress as a Democrat, and re-elected to the Sixth and Seventh Congresses, serving from May 15, 1797, until March 3, 1803; was appointed by President Jefferson United-States land commissioner for Mississippi in 1803, and Territorial governor of Mississippi in 1805- 1809; he subsequently removed to Tennessee, and thence to Louisiana, where he died. Williams, Sherrod, was born in Kentucky; resided at Monticello; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Twenty-fourth Congress as a Whig, defeating Martin Beatty, Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-fifth Congress, receiving 3,189 votes against 1,819 votes for McHenry, Democrat, and 702 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. 1,764 votes for Monroe, Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-sixth Congress, defeating Eodes Garth, Democrat, serving from December 7, 1835, to March 3, 1841. studied and practised law; was a member of the State Senate in 1838, 1830, 1840, and 1841, and of the State House of Representatives in 1801 and 1862; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Republican, receiving 8,989 votes against 7,C35 votes for Zcigler, Democrat ; was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiving 11,682 votes against 8,124 votes for Kountz, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, receiving 14,197 votes against 10,012 votes for Childs. Demo crat, serving "from December 7, 1863, to March 3, 1869. Williams, Thomas H., was born in Virginia; removed to Pontotoc, Mississippi, soon after the Indians had been removed from that region; was a member of the State House of Representatives ; was appointed by the governor, and subsequently elected by the legislature, as a Democrat, a United-States senator (to fill the vacancy occasioned by the resigna tion of James F. Trotter), serving from December 13, 1838, to March 3, 1839. Williams, Thomas Hill, was born in North Carolina; received an academical education ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac tice ; was a clerk in the War Department at Wash ington City ; was appointed by President Jefferson in 1805 register of the land-office for the Territory of Mississippi ; was collector of customs at the port of New Orleans; was a delegate to the Convention which framed the State Constitution of Mississippi ; was elected one of the first United-States senators from Mississippi; was re-elected as a Democrat, serv ing from December 11, 1817, to March 3, 1829; re moved to Tennessee, and died there. Williams, Thomas Scott, was born at Weth- ersfield, Connecticut, June 26, 1777; received a clas sical education, graduating at Yale College in 1794: studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1799, and commenced practice at Mansfield, removing to Hart ford in 1803 ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1813, and was twelve times re- elected before 1829; Avas elected a representative from Connecticut in the Fifteenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1817, to March 3, 1819; was appointed in 1829 an associate judge of the Supreme Court of Errors and of the Superior Court, and was appointed in 1834 chief justice, holding the office until 1847; was mayor of Hartford 1831-1835 ; was president of the American Tract Society, and a liberal contribu tor to various benevolent institutions, to which he bequeathed nearly $30,000 ; died at Hartford, Con- necticutj December 15, 1801. Williams, Thomas W., was born at S ton ing- ton, Connecticut, September 28, 1739; received an academical education ; went to New York, where he was clerk in a store ; removed to New London, where he engaged in business; was elected a representative from Connecticut in the Twenty-sixth Congress as a Whig, receiving 3,068 votes against 2,978 votes for C. Billings, Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty- seventh Congress, receiving 665 majority, serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1843; was a presidential elector on the Taylor and Fillmore ticket in 1S48. Williams, William, was born in Bolton, Con necticut, September 6, 1815; received a common- school education; was a banker and railroad presi dent and manager at Buffalo, New York; was a member of the State legislature in 1866 and 1867; was elected a representative from New York in the Forty-second Congress as a Democrat, receiving 15,018 votes against 14,415 votes for Bass, Repub lican, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1873; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Forty-third Congress, receiving 12,813 votes against 17,929 votes for Lyman K. Bass, Republican. Williams, William, was born at Lebanon, Connecticut, April 18, 1731 ; received a classical edu cation, graduating at Harvard University in 1751; served with the colonial troops in the French war, and was at the battle of Lake George; was promi nent in the pre-Revolutionary movements ; was for a number of years a member of the Colonial House of Representatives, and was its speaker in 1775; was a delegate from Connecticut to the Continental Con gress 1776-1778. and 1783-1784; was a delegate to the State Convention which adopted the Federal Consti tution; died at Lebanon, Connecticut, August 2, 1811. Williams, William, was born at Carlisle, Pennsylvania, May 11, lf-21 ; received a common- school education; studied law, and commenced its practice in Indiana; was treasurer of Kosciusko County in 1850; was director of the Northern Indi ana State Prison in 1860; was commissioned by the governor commandant of Camp Allen, with the rank of colonel, in 1862; was commissioned by the Presi dent an additional paymaster in the United-States army in 1804; was elected a representative from In diana in the Fortieth Congress as a Republican, re ceiving 17,414 votes against 10,162 votes for Lowry, Democrat ; was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress, receiving 16,551 votes against 14,2^8 votes for Eller- son, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress, receiving 14,130 votes against 9,112 votes for "Hascall, Independent Republican, receiving Democratic support, and 2,799 votes for Ellison, In dependent; and was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress for the State at large, receiving 188,700 votes against 188,227 votes for J. S. Williams, Democrat, serving from March 4, 1867, to March 3, 1875. Williams, William B., was born at Pittsford, New York, July 28, 1826; received an academic edu cation; studied law, and graduated at the State and National Law School at Ballston Spa, New York, in August, 1851 ; xvas admitted to the bar in September, 1851, and commenced practice; removed to Allegan, Michigan, in 1855; was elected judge of probate in 1856, and re-elected in 1860, holding the office two terms of four years each; was elected to the State Senate of Michigan in 1866 and 1868, and served two terms of two years each; was elected president pro tcmpore of the Senate in 18G9; was elected a mem ber of the Constitutional Convention of Michigan in 1867 ; was appointed by the governor of the State of Michigan in 1871 a member of the board for the supervisory control of the charitable, penal, and beneficiary institutions of the State, which position he resigned on his election as representative from Michigan in the Forty-third Congress as a Repub lican (at a special election held on the 4th of Novem ber, 1873, to fill a vacancy occasioned by the death of Hon. Wilder D. Foster), receiving 6,509 votes against 6,434 votes for C. C. Comstock, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Congress, receiving 13,370 votes against 12,212 votes for Mark D. Wilber, Democrat and Reformer, and 300 votes for J. A. Mc Kay, Temperance, serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1877. Williamson, Hugh, was born in West-Notting ham Township, Pennsylvania, December 5, 1735; received a classical education, graduating at the University of Pennsylvania in 1757; studied divinity, and was licensed to preach in 1758, but resigned in 1700 on account of ill health; was appointed profess or of mathematics in the University of Pennsylvania in 1760, and held the position until 1764, when he resigned; went to Edinburgh to study medicine, and was licen.-ed to practise in 1772; returning to Phila delphia, he practised there until 1773, when he re turned to England, where he rendered important services to the revolting colonists; returning, he STATISTICAL SKETCHES. ros went to Edenton on a vessel which was avoiding the British fleet, and was induced to resume practice there; served as surgeon-rreneral of the North-Caro lina troops, distinguishing himself at the battle of Camden in 1780; was a member of the House of Commons of North Carolina in 1782; was elected to the Continental Congress in 1784, 1785, and 1780 ; was a delegate to the Convention which framed the Fed eral Constitution in 1787 ; was elected a representa tive in the First Congress as a Federalist ; was re- elected to the Second Congress, serving from March 19, 1790, until March 2, 1793; removed to New York, where he had married; devoted himself to literary pursuits, and was associated with De Witt Clinton in organizing the Philosophical Society in 1814; died suddenly at New York May 22, 1819. He published "Observations on the Climate of America," 1811; "History of North Carolina," 1812; and a number of papers on astronomical, scientific, and political sub jects. Williamson, William Durkee, was born at Canterbury, Connecticut, July 31, 1779; his father removed when he was a lad to Ainherst, Massachu setts; received a classical education, entering Wil liams College in 1800, but graduating at Brown University in 1804; studied law with Hon. S. F. Dickinson of Amherst; removed to Bangor, Maine, in 1807; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice; was State attorney for Hancock County 1808-1815; was a member of the State Senate of Massachusetts (Maine then being a part of the Com monwealth) 1816-1820; was a member of the first Senate of Maine under its State Constitution in 1820, and, as its president, became (on the resigna tion of Governor King) governor ; was elected a rep resentative from Maine in the Seventeenth Con gress as a Democrat, serving from December 3, 1821, until March 3, 1823; was judge of probate 1827- 1840, bank commissioner 1838-1841, and president of the Bangor Bank; died at Bangor, Maine, May 27, 1846. He published a " History of Maine " in two large octavo volumes, and was a contributor to different periodicals. Willie, Asa H., was born at Washington, Geor gia, October 11, 1829, and. was educated at the academy there; removed to Washington County, Texas, in February, 1846, and commenced the study of law; was relieved of the disability of nonage by the legislature of Texas, and admitted to the bar in 1848, and commenced the practice of law; was elect ed in 1852 district-attorney of the Third Judicial District of Texas; held that office until October, 1854, and declined a re-election; served in General Grigg s brigade of the Confederate army during the late war; was elected by the people in 1866 one of the judges of the Supreme Court of Texas, and held that office until October, 1867, when he was removed liy the military authorities ; was elected a represen tative from Texas in the Forty-third Congress from the State at large as a Democrat, receiving 70,186 votes against 47,544 votes for L. D. Evans, Repub lican, serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1875. Willing, Thomas, was born at Philadelphia December 20, 1741; received a classical education, vhich was completed at London, where he read law in the Temple; returning home, he engaged in mer cantile pursuits, and became the head of the firm of Willing & Morris, purchasing agents of military stores for the Continental Congress ; was mayor of Philadelphia; was a judge of the Supreme Court; was a member of the Colonial House of Represen tatives ; was a delegate to, and president of, the Pro visional Congress ; was a delegate to the Continental Congress 1775-1776; was the president of the Bank of North America, the oldest bank in the United States, chartered by Congress in 1781 ; died at Phila delphia January 19, 1821. Willis, Albert S., was born in Shelby County, Kentucky, January 22, 1843; received his early edu cation in common schools, and graduated at the Louisville Male High School in 1860; taught school for four years; studied law, and graduated at the Louisville Law School in 1866, and commenced prac tice at Louisville; canvassed the State on the Demo cratic electoral ticket in 1872; was elected attorney for Jefferson County in 1870; was re-elected in 1874, and served until he was elected to the Forty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 15,046 votes against 5,567 votes for Walter Evans, Republican, serving from October 15, 1877. 1861 ; studied law at the National Law School, Pough- keepsie, and with William M. Ingraham, Esq., at Brooklyn; was admitted to the bar in 1861; com menced practice, and continued until June, 1862, when he entered the Union army; was captain and afterwards major of the One Hundred and Nine teenth Regiment New- York State Volunteers, and subsequently colonel of the Twelfth Regiment New- York State Volunteers, participating in the battles of Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, Wauhatchee, and Chattanooga; resumed practice in 1864; had never held public office when elected a representative from New York in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Liberal Republican, indorsed by the Democrats, receiving 10,354 votes against 8,036 votes for Isaac II. Bailey, Republican; was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Con gress as a Democrat, receiving 12,519 votes against 12,092 votes for Levi P. Morton, Republican, serving from December 6, 1875. Willis, Francis, was born in Frederick County, Virginia, January 5, 1725; received a public-school education; removed to Georgia in 1784; was elected a representative from Georgia in the Second Con gress, serving from October 24, 1791, to March 2, 1793 ; removed in 1814 to Maury County, Tennessee ; died there January 25, 1829. Willits, Edwin, was born at Otto, Cattaraugus County, New York, April 24, 1830; removed to Michigan in September, 1836; graduated at the Michigan University in June, 1855; located at Mon roe in April, 1856 ; studied law with Senator I. P. Christiancy; was admitted to the bar in December, 1857; practised law at Monroe; was elected prosecut- ing-attorney of Monroe County in 1860, and held the office till December 31, 1862; was elected a mem ber of the State Board of Education in 1860; was re- elected in 1866, holding the position twelve years; was on the commission to revise the Constitution of the State in 1873 ; was appointed postmaster of Mon roe, January 1, 1863, by Abraham Lincoln, and was removed by Andrew Johnson October 15, 1866; was editor of "The Monroe Commercial" from 1856 to 1861 ; was elected to the Forty-fifth Congress as a Republican, receiving 19,211 votes against 17,024 votes for John J. Robison, Democrat, Granger, and Greenbacker, serving from October 15, 1877. Willoughby, Westel, jun., resided at New port, Herkimer County, New York ; was elected a representative from New York in the Fourteenth Congress (having successfully contested the election of William S. Smith) as a Democrat, serving from December 13, 1815, to March 3, 1817. Wilmot, David, was born at Bethany, Pennsyl vania, January 20, 1814; received an academical edu cation; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1834, and commenced practice at Towanda; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty- ninth Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirtieth and Thirty-first Congresses, serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1851; was presiding judge of the Thirteenth Judicial District 1853-1861; was a delegate to the National Republican Conven tion in 1856; was defeated as the Republican candi date for governor of Pennsylvania in 1857, receiving 146,136 votes against 188,887 votes for W. F. Packer, Democrat ; was a delegate to the National Repub- 704 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. lican Convention at Chicago in 1860; was elected a United-States senator from Pennsylvania as a Re publican (in place of Simon Cameron, resigned), serving from March 18, 1831, to March 3, 186:3; was appointed by President Lincoln a judge of the United-States Court of Claims in 1863; died at To- wanda, Pennsylvania, March 16, 1868. Wilshire, William W M was born September 8, 18:50, in Gallatin County, Illinois; was educated in common schools at Rock Island ; studied law, and was admitted to practice in 1859; entered the Union army in 1802 as major of the One Hundred and Twenty-Sixth Illinois Infantry; served until the close of the war, when he located at Little Rock, Arkan sas, as a lawyer; was appointed in 1867 solicitor- general of the State ; was appointed, in July, 1868, chief justice of the Supreme Court; resigned in February, 1871, and returned to the bar; was elected a representative from Arkansas in the Forty-third Congress as a Republican, receiving 12,644 votes against 11,499 votes for Thomas M. Gunter, Demo crat, but his seat was contested, and was given to his opponent, T. M. Gunter, June 16, 1874; was re- elected to the Forty-fourth Congress as a Conserva tive, receiving 11,733 votes against 6,338 votes for William J. Hynes, Republican, serving from Decem ber 6, 1875, to March 3, 1877. Wilson, Alexander, was born in Virginia; was a member of the State House of Representatives; was a colonel of militia; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Eighth Congress (in place of Andrew Moore, appointed senator) ; was re-elected to the Ninth and Tenth Congresses, serving from December 4, 1834, to March 3, 1809. Wilson, Benjamin, was born in Harrison County, Virginia (now West Virginia), April 30, 1825 ; was educated at the North-western Virginia Academy at Clarksburg; attended the law-school at Staunton; was admitted to the bar in 1848, and has since practised; was Commonwealth s attorney for Harrison County 1852-1860; was a member of the State Constitutional Convention of Virginia in 1861 ; was presidential elector on the Democratic ticket for the State at large in 1868; was a member of the State Constitutional Convention of West Virginia in 1871; was one of the delegates from the State at large to the National Democratic Convention at Bal timore in 1872; was elected a representative from West Virginia in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 12,799 votes against 12,631 votes for Nathan Goff, jun., Republican; was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 17,902 votes against 16,067 votes for Charles F. Scott, Republican, serv ing from December 6, 1875. Wilson, Edgar C. (son of Thomas Wilson), was born at Morgantowu, Virginia; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Twenty-third Congress as a Whig, receiving 1,304 votes against 798 votes for W. S. Morgan, Democrat, serving from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1835; died at Morgan- town, Virginia, in May, 1860. Wilson, Ephraim K. (father of E. K. Wil son), of Snow Hill, Maryland, was elected a rep resentative from Maryland in the Twentieth Con gress, and re-elected to the Twenty-first Congress, serving from December 3, 1827, to March 3, 1S31. Wilson, Ephraim K. (son of E. K. Wilson), was born December 22, 1821, at Snow Hill, Mary land; was educated at Union Academy and Wash ington Academy, Maryland, and graduated at Jeffer son College, Pennsylvania, in August, 1841; studied law at Snow Hill, and practised his profession in his native State from 1848 to 1868; was a member of the House of Delegates of the legislature of the State of Maryland in 1847; was a presidential elector on the Pierce and King ticket in 1852; was elected a repre sentative from Maryland in the Forty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 12,464 votes against 11,286 votes for T. A. Spence, Independent, serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1875. "Wilson, Eugene M. (son of E. C. Wilson, and grandson of Thomas Wilson), was born in Morgan County, Virginia, December 25, 1833; received a clas sical education, graduating at Jefferson College in 1852; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Minneapolis, Minnesota, in 1855; was United-States attorney for the district cf Minnesota 1857-1861 ; served in the Union army as captain in the First Minnesota Infantry ; was elected a representative from Minnesota in the Forty-first Congress as a Democrat, receiving 13,506 votes against 11,229 votes for I. Donelly, Republican, and 8,596 votes for Andrews, Republican, serving from March 4, 1869, to March 3, 1871. W^ilson, Henry, was born in Dauphin County, Pennsylvania, in 1778; settled at Allentown; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Eighteenth Congress; was re-elected to the Nine teenth Congress, serving from December 1, 1823, until May 22, 1826; died at Allentown, Pennsylva nia, August 13, 1826. "Wilson, Henry, was born at Farmington, New Hampshire, February 16, 1812; his parents were named Colbath, and his name was Jeremiah Jones Colbath until he was seventeen years of age, when, by an act of the legislature, he had it changed to Henry Wilson; he worked on a farm, attending public schools, and enjoyed the use of a large library belonging to a lawyer in the vicinity ; in December, 1833, he walked to Natick, Massachusetts, where he learned the trade of shoemaking, and earned suffi cient money to defray his expenses for a time at Concord Academy; was introduced at Whig meet ings in 1840 as "the Natick Cobbler;" was a member of the State House of Representatives or Senate in 1841, 1842, 1844, 1845, 1846, 1850, 1851, and 1852, presiding over the Senate the last two years ; was in 1848 a delegate to the National Whig Convention at Philadelphia, and withdrew; was in 1851 a delegate to the Free Democratic National Convention at Pittsburg, and its president; was de feated as the Free-soil candidate for Congress in 1852, receiving 4,319 votes against 4,411 votes for Tappan Wentworth, Whig; was a delegate to the Constitutional Convention of 1853; was defeated in 1853 as the Free-soil candidate for governor; was in 1855 a delegate to the National American Convention at Philadelphia, and withdrew ; was elected, by a coalition of Free-Soilers, Americans, and Democrats, a United-States senator from Massachusetts; and was three times re-elected, serving from February 10, 1855, until he resigned March 3, 1873; from 1840 to 1851 he was connected with the State uniformed volunteers as major, colonel, and brigadier-general; in 1861 he raised, and for a time commanded, the Twenty-second Regiment of Massachusetts Volun teers, and, while with the Army of the Potomac, was appointed an aide-de-camp to General McClellan; was elected Vice-President of the United States in 1872, receiving 286 electoral votes against 68 electoral votes cast for other candidates; was inaugurated as president of the Senate March 4, 1873; died in the Capital at Washington City November 22, 1875. He published "A History of the Antislavery Measures of the Thirty-seventh and Thirty-eighth United- States Congresses 1860 to 1864," "Military Measures of the United-States Congress," "Testimonials of American Statesmen and Jurists to the Truths of Christianity," "History of the Reconstruction Meas ures of the Thirty-ninth and Fortieth Congresses 1865- 1868," "A History of the Rise and Fall of Slavery in the United States," and " History of the Part which Congress played in the War to suppress the Rebel lion." Wilson, Isaac, resided in Genesee County, New- York; distinguished himself in the war of 1812 as captain of a cavalry company which was in some of the hardest-fought battles on the Canadian frontier; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1816-1817, and of the State Senate 1818-1821; waa STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 05 elected a representative from New York in the Eigh teenth Congress, serving from December 1, 182:3, to January 17, 1824, when, his election having been successfully contested by Parmenio Adams, he with drew from the House; was appointed first judge of the Court of Common Pleas for Genesee County, serving from February 2, 1830, to February 1, 1835; removed to Batavia, Illinois, where he died October 25, 1848. Wilson, James, was born near St. Andrew s, Scotland, in 1742; received a collegiate education at Edinburgh; immigrated to Philadelphia; was a tutor in the Philadelphia College; studied law with John Dickinson; was admitted to tire bar in 1708; prac tised at Reading, at Carlisle, at Annapolis, and then at Philadelphia; was active in pre-Revolutionary movements ; was a delegate to the conventions held iu 1774 and 1775; was a delegate from Pennsylvania in the Continental Congress 1775-1778, 1782-1783, and 1785-1787; was counsel for the French Govern ment 1779-1783, receiving a fee of ten thousand livres; was a delegate from Pennsylvania to the con vention which framed the Federal Constitution; was a delegate to the State Convention which adopted the Federal Constitution; was appointed by Presi dent John Adams, in September, 1781), a justice cf the Supreme Court of the United States; in 1790 was appointed professor of law in the University of Penn sylvania; died at Edenton, North Carolina, August 28, 1798. He published "An Address to the Citi zens of Philadelphia" 1784, "Commentaries on the Constitution," with Thomas McKean, London, 1792; and his "Works" (in three volumes) were published after his death, in 1804. Wilson, James, was born in Ayrshire, Scot land, August 16, 1835; came to America in 1851; re ceived an academic education; became a farmer in Iowa; was a member of the State legislature of Iowa from 1867 to 1873, and was speaker of the House the last two sessions; is a regent of the State University of Iowa; was elected a representative from Iowa in the Forty-third Congress as a Republican, receiving 15,531 votes against 7,434 votes for J. B. Irish, Dem ocrat and Liberal ; was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Congress as a Republican, receiving 12,724 votes against 7,481 votes for Wilkinson, anti-Monopolist, serving from December 1, 1873, to Marh 3, 1877. Wilson, James, was born in 1757; received a classical education, graduating at Harvard Univer sity in 1789; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Kcene, New Hampshire; was elected a representative from New Hampshire in the Eleventh Congress as a Federalist, serving from May 22, 1809, to March 3, 1811 ; died at Keene, Xew Hampshire, January 4, 1839. Wilson, James, was born at Fairfield, Pennsyl vania, April 28, 1779; received a public-school edu cation ; was apprenticed to a cabinet-maker, and learned his trade; settled at Fairfield; was a justice of the peace 1811-1822; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Eighteenth Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Nineteenth, and Twentieth Congresses, serving from December 1, 1823, to March 3, 1829; was again a justice of the peace 1830-1859; died at Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, in July, 1868. Wilson, James, was born in New Hampshire ; received a classical education, graduating at Middle- bury College in 1820; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Keene ; was for some years a member cf the State House of Repre sentatives, and its speaker in 1828; was a general of militia ; was elected a representative from New Hampshire in the Thirtieth Congress as a Whig, receiving 5,926 votes against 5,086 votes for Moulton, Democrat, and 555 votes Abolition and scattering; was re-elected to the Thirty-first Congress, receiving 7,766 votes against 3,778 votes for Vose, Democrat, and 1^ scattering, serving from December 6, 1847, to Septem- bor 9, 1850, when he resigned ; removed to California. Wilson, James, was born at Crav.-fordsville, Indiana, April 9, 1822 ; received a classical education, graduating at Wabash College in 1842; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1845, and commenced practice at Crawfordsville, Indiana; served in the Mexican war as a private in a regiment of Indiana volunteer infantry ; was elected a representative from Indiana in the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Re publican, receiving 11,302 votes against 11,072 votes for Voorhees, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving 11,028 votes against 10,387 votes for T. W. Blake, Democrat, serving from December 7, 1857, to March 3, 1861 ; was appointed by President Johnson minister to Venezuela, serv ing from May 31, 18C6, until he died at his post August 8, 1867. Wilson, Jr.mes F., was born at Newark, Ohio, October 19, 1828; received an academical education; studied law, and commenced its practice in Iowa; was a member of the Constitutional Convention of Iowa in 1856; was a member cf the State legislature in 1857, 1859, 1861, serving the last year as president of the Senate; was elected a representative from Iowa for the unexpirod term of S. R. Curtis ; was re- elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Repub lican, receiving 12,7(,5 votes against 10,486 votes for Hornish, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty- ninth Congress, receiving 10,977 votes against 9,078 votes for Hornish, Democrat; was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress as a Union Republican, receiving 16,406 votes against 10,515 votes for Warren, Repub lican, serving from December 2, 1861, to March 3, 1869. Wilson, James J., was born in Essex County, New Jersey, in 1775; received a good English edu cation ; was for many years clerk cf the State House of Representatives; was the editor cf "The True American" at Trenton; was adjutant-general of the State "of New Jersey; was elected a United-States senator from New Jersey as a Democrat, serving from December 4, 1815, to 1821, when he resigned; was appointed by President Monroe postmaster at Trenton, New Jersey, in the place cf Charles lace; was a member cf the State House of Representatives in 1822; was seriously injured in December, 1822, by imagining, in a fit cf delirium, that his house was on fire, and throwing himself frcm a second-story window; died at Trenton, New Jersey, July 28, 1824. Wilson, Jeremiah M., was born in Warren County, Ohio, November 15, 1828; received an aca demic education; studied and practised law; was judge of the Court of Common Pleas from 1860 to 1865, when he resigned; was elected judge of the Circuit Court in October, 1865, which position he held when elected a representative from Indiana in the Forty-second Congress as a Republican, receiving 12,561 votes against 12,557 votes for D. S. Gooding, Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty-third Con gress, receiving 14,499 votes against 14,119 votes for Gooding, Democrat, serving from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1875. Wilson, John, was born in 1777; received a classical education, graduating at Harvard University in 1799; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Belfast, Maine ; was elected a representative frcm the Maine District of Massachu setts in the Thirteenth Congress as a Federalist, serving from May 24, 1813, to March 2, 1815; was again elected to the Fifteenth Congress, serving from January 26, 1818, to March 3, 1819; died at Belfast, Maine, July 9, 1848. W ilson, John, was born in York District, South Carolina; resided at Golden Grove; was elected a rep resentative from South Carolina in the Seventeenth, Eighteenth, and Nineteenth Congresses, serving frcm December 3, 1821, to March 3, 1827; was defeated as a candidate for the Twentieth Congress by Warren R. Davis, who received 25 majority. Wilson, John T., was born in Highland Coun ty, Ohio, April 16, 1811; received a public-school TOG CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. education; was engaged during twenty-four years in mercantile pursuits, and then retired to a farm; ni:-e,l a company for the Union army in 1801, and served as its captain; was a member of the State Senate of Ohio in 1803, 1864, 1805, and 18UO; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Fortieth Congress ;:s a Republican, receiving 12,783 votes ag;inst !>.945 votes for Moore, Democrat; was re- elected to the Forty-first Congress, receiving 13,031 votes against 11.502 voles for Sands, Democrat; was r -elected to the Forty-second Congress as a Repub lican, receiving 11,324 votes against 10,249 votes for R. Leete, Democrat, serving from March 4, 1807, to March 3. 1873. Wilson, Nathan, was born in Washington County, Xew York; resided at Salem; was elected a representative from Xew York in the Tenth Congress (in place of David Thomas, resigned), serving from November 7, 1808, to March 3, 18J0. Wilson, Robert, resided at St. Joseph, Mis souri; was appointed a United-States senator from Missouri (in place of Waldo Porter Johnson, ex- pelli-d) as a Unionist, serving from January 24, 1802, to December 14, 1803, when B. Gratz Brown, who had been elected Mr. Johnson s successor, took his seat. Wilson, Stephen F., was born at Columbia, Pennsylvania, September 4, 1821; received an aca demic education; was a teacher; studied and prac tised law ; was assessor; was school-director six years; was a member of the State Senate in 1803, "isi 4, and 1805, serving one session after he had been elected to Congress; was a delegate to the Repub lican National Convention at Baltimore in 1804; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-ninth Congress, receiving 11,533 votes against 10,081 votes for Theodore Wright, Democrat; was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress as a Republican, receiving 14,734 votes against 12,088 votes for Wright, Democrat, serving from December 4, 1805, to March 3, 1809. Wilson, Thomas (father of E. C. Wilson, and grandfather of E. M. Wilson), was born in Virginia; was a member of the State House of Representatives; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Twelfth C mgress as a Federalist, defeating Benja min Recder, Democrat, serving from November 4, 1811. to Marc 1 ! 3. 1813; died January 24, 1830. Wilson, Thomas, was born in 1772 ; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirteenth Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Four- t en th Congress, serving from May 24, 1813, to March 3, 1817; died at Erie, Pennsylvania, October 4, 1824. Wilson, William, was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Fourteenth Congress, and was ni-elected to the Fifteenth Congress, serving from December 4, 1815, to March 3, 1819. Wilson, William, was born in Hillsborough County, New Hampshire; received a public-school education; removed to Ohio, and located at Newark: was elected a representative from Ohio in the Eigh teenth Congress, receiving a majority of 1,029 votes; was re-elected to the Nineteenth Congress, serving fr.mi December 1, 1823, to March 3, 1827; died at Newark. Xew Hampshire, of illness contracted at Washington City, May 29, 1827. Winans, James January, was born at Mays- ville. Kentucky. June 7, 1818; had a common-school education; studied law in Kentucky, and practised a* X -nia, Ohio; was appointed clerk of the courts of Greene County in June, 1845; was elected to the S:ate Senate in 1S57. and to the State House in 1803; was appointed judge of the Court of Common Pleas in l-il, and elected to fill the vacancy in the same year, and was re-elected for the full term of five years in IsiiO; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Forty-first Congress as a Republican, receiving l:!. .78 votes against 13,873 votes for Thomas, Demo crat, serving from March 4, 1809, to March 3, 1871. Winchester, Boyd, was born in the parish of Ascension, Louisiana, September 23, 1836; educated at Centre College, Danville, Kentucky, and at the University of Virginia at Charlottesville; graduated at the Law University of Louisville, Kentucky, in 1857, and commenced practice at Louisville: was elected to the State Senate of Kentucky in August, 1807: was nominated district-elector on the Seymour presidential ticket in 1808; was elected a representa tive from Kentucky in the Forty-first Congress as a Democrat, and was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress, receiving 10,599 votes against 5.420 votes for j. Speed. Republican, serving from March 4, 1809, to March 3, 1873. W indom, William, was born in Belmont County. Ohio, May 10, 1827; received an academic education; stxidied law at Mount Vernon, Ohio; practised his profession iu that State and in Minne sota until 1859; was elected prosecuting-attorney for Knox County in 1852; removed to Minnesota in 1855; was elected a representative from Minnesota in the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Republican, re ceiving 21,010 votes against 17,417 votes for Graham, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-seventh Con- _ress; was re-elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, receiving 8,003 votes against 6,423 votes for Chatfield, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Con gress, receiving 13,905 votes against 9,092 votes for Lambert on, Democrat; was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, receiving 13,901 votes against 8,021 votes for Jones, Democrat; was appointed by the governor of Minnesota in July, 1870, to fill the \mexpired term of Hon. Daniel S. Norton, deceased, in the Senate of the United States, was elected a United- States senator as a Republican, and took his seat March 4, 1871. His term of service expired March 3, 187J. Winfield, Charles H., was born at Crawford, New York, April 22, 1822; received an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1840, and commenced practice at Goshen, New York; was district-attorney for Orange County 1850- 1856 ; was elected a representative from New York in the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, receiv ing 9,320 votes against 7,572 votes for Fullerton, Republican; was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Con gress, receiving 9,970 votes against 9,730 votes for Murray, Republican, serving from December 7, 1803, to March 3, 1807. Wing, Austin E., was born in Hampshire Coun ty, Massachusetts, in 1791; received a public-school education; removed to Michigan, and was one of the first English settlers at Detroit; was elected a delegate from Michigan Territory in the Nineteenth Congress: was re-elected to the Twentieth Congress, serving from December 5, 1825, to March 3, 1829; removed to Monroe, where he held several local offices; was again elected to the Twenty-second Con gress, serving from December 5, 1831, to March 2, 1833; after the admission of Michigan as a State, was United-States marshal for that district; died at Cleveland, Ohio, August 25, 1849. Wlngate, Joseph F., was born in the Maine Disti ict of Massachusetts; received a public-school education; was trained for business pursuits, and became a merchant at Bath, Maine ; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1818-1819; was collector of customs at the port of Bath 1820- 1824; was elected a representative from Maine in the Twentieth Congress as a Democrat; was re- elected to the Twenty-first Congress, serving from December 3, 1827, to March 3, 1831. Wingate, Paine, was born at Amesbury, Mas sachusetts. May 14, 1739; received a liberal educa tion; graduated at Harvard College in 1759, and studied theology; was ordained as minister of the Congregational Church at Hampton Falls, New Hampshire, December 14, 1703, and preached there until he was dismissed March 18, 1781; removed to Stratham, New Hampshire, and became a farmer; was elected to the House of Representatives of New STATISTICAL SKETCHES. Hampshire ; was a delegate from New Hampshire in the Continental Congress 1787-1788; was elected a United-Stages senator from Xcw Hampshire, serving from March 4, 1769, to March 2, 1793; was elected a representative from New Hampshire in the Third Congress, serving from December 2, 1703, to March 3, 1795; was appointed a judge of the Superior Court of New Hampshire, serving 1798-1 809; died at Strath- am, New Hampshire, March 7, 1838. Winslow, "Warren, was born at Fayetteville, North Carolina, January 1. 1810: received a classical education, graduating at Chapel-Hill University in 1827; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Fayetteville; was appointed in 1854, by President Pierce, a confidential agent to Madrid, bearing despatches concerning " The Black Warrior" difficulty; during his absence he was elected a mem ber of the State Senate; after his return he was elected speaker of that body, and, as such, he became acting governor when Governor Reid was elected to the United-States Senate ; was elected a representa tive from North Carolina in the Thirty-fourth Con gress as a Democrat, receiving 5,929 votes against 4,853 votes for Reid, American; was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving 0,338 votes against 1,487 votes scattering; was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving 4,180 votes against 949 votes for McDufiie, Independent Democrat, serv ing from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1801; died at Fayetteville, North Carolina, June 11, 1803. Winston, John Anthony, was governor of the State of Alabama 1853-1857 ; was elected to the United-States Senate by the legislature of Alabama in 1805 for six years, commencing March 4, 1807; and his credentials were presented January 30, 1807, but he was not admitted to a seat. ^Winston, Joseph, was born in Virginia in 1740 ; was distinguished for gallantry in the frontier war with the Indians; removed to Stokes County, North Carolina, in 1700 ; served in the campaign against the Cherokee Indians; was major of a Revolutionary regiment raised to suppress the Tories ; commanded the right wing at the battle of King s Mountain in October, 1780, and had a sword voted to him by the legislature of North Carolina for his bravery there; was State senator in 1790, 1791, 1802, 1807, and 1812; was elected a representa tive from North Carolina in the Third Congress, serving from December 2, 1793, until March 3, 1795; was again elected to the Eighth Congress; was re- elected to the Ninth Congress, serving^from October 17, 1803, until March 3, 1807; died near German- town, North Carolina, in 1814. Winter, Elisha J., was elected a representative from New York in the Thirteenth Congress as a Fed eralist, serving from May 24, 1813. to March 2, 1815. Winthrop, Robert Charles, was born at Boston, Massachusetts, May 12, 1809; received a classical education, graduating at Harvard College in 1828; studied law with Daniel Webster; was ad mitted to the bar, and practised at Boston; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1835- 1840, serving the last three years as speaker; was elected a representative from Massachusetts in the Twenty-sixth Congress (in place of Abbott Lawrence, resigned) as a Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty- seventh Congress, serving from December 7, 1840, to May 25, 1842, when he resigned; was subsequently re-elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress (in place of Nathan Appleton, resigned) ; was re-elected to the Twenty-eighth Congress; was re-elected to the Twenty-ninth Congress; was re-elected to the Thir tieth Congress, receiving 5,980 votes against I,0fe8 votes for Homer, Democrat, and 1084 votes Abolition and scattering; was re-elected to the Thirty-first Congress, receiving 7,720 votes against 2,330 votes for Sutnner, Democrat, and 1,400 votes for Hallett, ( ass Democrat, serving from December 5, 1842, to July 30, 1850, when, having been appointed a United-States senator from Massachusetts (in place of Daniel Webster, resigned), he took his seat in the Senate, serving to February 7, 1851, when the successor to Mr. Webster took his seat; wr.s speaker of the House of Representatives during the Thirtieth Congress and a part of the Thirty-first Congress; is president of the Massachusetts Historical Soci ety, a trustee of the Peabody Educational Fund, and a member of other literary, religious, and philanthropic associations. He published "Ad dresses and Speeches" 1852 and 1857, " Memoir of Nathan Appleton " 1801, " Life and Letters of John Winthrop" (two volumes) 1807, and a number of public addresses". Wirt, William, was born at Bladcnsbunr, Maryland (where his father kept a hotel, at which ^Vashington was a frequent guest), November 8, 1782; received a classical education; was a private tutor; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1702, and commenced practice at Culpepper Court House, Virginia; was clerk of the House of Delegates 17!;4- 1802; was elected chancellor of the Eastern District of Virginia in 1802, but resigned in 1804, and sell led at Norfolk, where he resumed practice; moved back to Richmond in 1SOO; was elected to the Virginia House of Delegates in 1807; was appointed United- States district-attorney for Virginia by President Madison in 1810; was appointed attorney-general of the United States by President Monroe Decem ber 15, 1817, and re-appointed by President Adams March 4, 1825, serving through the administra tion, and leaving behind him three volumes of of ficial opinions; removed to Baltimore in 1830; was the biographer of Patrick Henry, and wrote several other popular books; was nominated for the presi dency by the Baltimore Anti-Masonic Convention in 1832, and received seven electoral votes; died at Washington City February 18, 1834. He published "The British Spy" (a series of descriptive letters which originally appeared in " The Richmond Ar gus"), "The Life of Patrick Henry," and a large number of essays which appeared in the Richmond newspapers. His "Life," by J. P. Kennedy, was published in 1849. Wise, Henry Alexander, was born at Drum- mond Town, Virginia, December 3, 1800; received a classical education, graduating at Washington Col lege, Pennsylvania, in 1825; studied law; was admit ted to the bar at Winchester, Virginia, in 1828, and commenced practice at Nashville, Tennessee, return ing in 1830 to his native county of Accomack, Vir ginia, where he afterwards practised; was elected a representative from Virginia in the Thirty-third and Thirty-fourth Congresses as a Jackson Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty-fifth, Twenty-sixth, and Twenty-seventh Congresses as a Whig; was re-elect ed to the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Tyler Demo crat, defeating Hill Carter, Whig, serving from December 2, 1833, to February 18, 1844, when he resigned to accept the mission to Brazil ; while a member of the House, he mortally wounded Richard Coke of Virginia, who had been his opponent, in a duel, February 17, 1830; was instrumental in bring ing about the Graves-Cillcy duel, in which Cilky was shot dead in LSJ8, and assaulted Edward Stanley on the floor of the House in 1843; was appointed by President Tyler minister to Brazil, serving February 8, 1844-August 28, 1847; was a presidential elector on the Cass and Butler ticket in 1848; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention in 1850; was a presidential elector on the Pierce and King ticket in 1852; was governor of the State of Virginia 185G- 1800; was a delegate to the State Secession Conven tion of February, 1801; entered the Confederate army as colonel of Wise s Legion; was appointed, June 5, 1801, a brigadier-general, and assigned to the command of a brigade composed of four Virginia regiments of infantry and two light batteries; was defeated at the battle of Gauley Bridge and at the battle of Roanoke Island ; resumed the practice of law at Richmond, Virginia ; died there September 5, 1870. 708 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Wisner, Henry, was a delegate from New York to the Continental Congress 1774-1776; he was pres ent, and voted for independence, hut his term had expired before the engrossed parchment copy of the Declaration was signed. Witch er, John S., was horn in Cabell County (then in Virginia, now West Virginia) July 15, 1839; was brought up on a farm; received a public-school education; was in 1861 elected clerk of the Circuit Court of Cabell County under the restored govern ment of Virginia, and served some six months, when he resigned ; entered the Union army as second lieu tenant, and rose by degrees, serving in every rank, to that of colonel of his regiment; was appointed brevet brigadier-general for gallant and meritorious sen-ices upon the field during the Shenandoah-Val- ley campaign under Sheridan in 1864, and in the final campaign around Richmond and Petersburg, Virginia, in the spring of 1865, especially at the tattle of Ford s Station, on the Southside Railroad; was mustered out of the United-States service on the 30th of June, 1865 ; was elected to the State legis lature in October, 1865; was elected secretary of state of West Virginia in October, I860,, and served until March 4, 1869; was elected a director of the Chesa peake and Ohio. Railroad in the fall of 1868; was elected a representative from West Virginia in the Forty-first Congress as a Republican, receiving 6,214 votes against 4,805 votes for Moore, Democrat, serv ing from March 4, 1869, to March 3, 1871 ; was de feated as the Republican candidate for the Forty- second Congress, receiving 7,180 votes against 8,982 votes for Frank Hereford, Democrat. Wltherell, James, was born in Vermont ; re ceived an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1798- 1803; was an executive councillor 1803-1807; was elected a representative from Vermont in the Tenth Congress as a Democrat, serving from October 26, 18 >7. to May 1,. 1808, when he resigned, having been appointed by President Jefferson United-States judge f ,r the Territory of Michigan, where he resided until his death. Withers, Robert E., was born in Campbell County, Virginia, September 18, 1821 ; graduated in the medical department of the University of Virginia in 1841 ; practised his profession in his native county until 1858, when he removed to Danville, Virginia, where he prosecuted his practice until the commence ment of the civil war; was a Whig in politics, and a Union man until the passage of the ordinance of secession by Virginia;, entered, the Confederate army as major of infantry in April, 1861. and during the same year was promoted colonel of the Eighteenth Virginia Regiment, which ho commanded until re tired in consequence of numerous disabling wounds, and appointed to command the post at Danville, Virginia, which position he held until the close of the war; removed in January, 1866, to Lynchburg, Virginia, and established a daily political paper de- v ;ii I d to the interests of the Conservative party, which he continued to edit until 1868, when he was i."!!iinaled for governor by the Conservative Conven- tinn at Richmond, and canvassed the State in oppo sition to the Underwood Constitution, which the military authorities refused to submit to a vote of the people; in 1869 he withdrew in favor of Gilbert C. \Valker, nominated for governor by the Liberal Republicans; he was appointed elector for the State at large on the Greeley ticket in 1872; was grand inast"M>l Freemasons for the State of Virginia; in 1878 \\ as Heeled lieutenant -governor as a Conserva tive, receiving 27,646 majority over his Republican competitor, <;. P. Ramsdell; was elected United- .Stuies senator from Virginia as a Conservative (to lucceed John F. Lewis, Republican), and 1 took his se;it March 4, 1875. His term of service will expire March :;. issi. Witherspoon> John, was born at Tester, Scotland, February 5, 1*722; received a classical education, graduating at the University of Edin burgh in 1743; studied theology; was licensed to preach, and settled at Beith; espoused the cause of the Pretender, and commanded a company at the battle of Falkirk, where he was taken prisoner; was settled in 1757 over a church at Paisley; was invited in 1767 to the presidency of Princeton College, New Jersey, and was inaugurated August 17, 1768; took an active part in pro-Revolutionary movements; was a delegate to the New-Jersey Convention for framing a State Constitution; was a delegate from New Jersey to the Continental Congress 1776-1783; visited England in 1783-1784 to collect funds for Princeton College; died near Princeton, New Jersey, November 15, 1794. He published "Essays on Im portant Subjects" 1764, "Essay on Money" 1779, "The Druid" 1781, and a number of religious and political pamphlets. His works were published in four volumes at Philadelphia, and in nine volumes at Edinburgh. Witherspoon, Robert, was elected a repre sentative from South Carolina in the Eleventh Con gress as a Democrat, receiving 393 majority over Gourdin, Federalist, serving from May 22, 1809, to March 3, 1811. Witte, William Henry, was born in Morris County, New Jersey, May 7, 1818, but removed in early life to Bucks County, Pennsylvania, Avhere he received a public-school education ; removed in 1840 to Philadelphia, where he engaged in mercantile pursuits, and the improvement of real estate in the suburbs ; was elected a representative from Pennsyl vania in the Thirty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 5,843 votes against 4,546 votes for Lambert, Whig, serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855; was a candidate for the Democratic nomina tion for governor of Pennsylvania in 1857, 1860, and 1863, but was defeated each year by a few votes; established and edited " The Commonwealth," a weekly Democratic newspaper, in 1874; died at Philadelphia November 24, 1876. Wolcott* Erastus (brother of Oliver Wolcott), was born at Litchiield, Connecticut, September 21, 1722; served as brigadier-general in the war of the Revolution; was a judge of the State Supreme Court of Connecticut; was chosen a delegate from Con necticut to the Continental Congress, but did not serve; died: at Litchh eld, Connecticut, September 14, 1793. Wolcott, Oliver (brother of Edgar Wolcott), was born at Windsor, Connecticut, November 26, 1726; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1747 ; marehed to the defence of the northern frontier of New York as captain of a volun teer corps; returned to Connecticut, and studied medicine with his brother, Dr. Alexander Wolcott ; was appointed the first sheriff of Litchfield County in 1751 ; was an assistant executive councillor 1774- 1786; was a judge of the Court of Common Pleas and of the Litchfield-county Probate Court; was a major-general of militia; was appointed by the Con tinental Congress in 1775 one of the commissioners to secure the neutrality of the Northern Indian tribes; was a delegate from Connecticut to the Con tinental Congress 1775-1778 and 1780-1784, serving during a portion of the time in the field, and espe cially distinguishing himself at the battle of Sara toga; was lieutenant-governor of Connecticut 1786- 1796; was governor of Connecticut 1796-1797; died at Litchfield, Connecticut, December 1, 1797. Wol George,, was born at Allen Township, Northampton County, Pennsylvania, August 12, 1777; received a classical- education; studied law; was admitted! to the bar, and commenced practice at Easton, Pennsylvania; was initiated into Freema- jSonry in Easton Lodge, No. 120; was a member of the State House of Representatives; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Eighteenth Congress (ki place of Thomas T. Rogers, resigned) STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 709 as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Nineteenth and Twentieth Congresses, serving from December 9, 1824, to March -3, 1829; was appointed first comp troller of the treasury of the United States, serving June 18, 1830-February 23, 1838; was appointed in 1838 collector of customs at the port of Philadelphia; died at Philadelphia March 14, 1840. Wolf, "William P., was born in Stark County, Ohio, December 1, 1833; received a public-school education; studied law; removed to Iowa in 1850; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Tipton, Iowa, in 1859; was superintendent of public schools; was a member of the State legislature in 180:3 and 1804; entered the Union army as cap tain of infantry in an Iowa regiment; was severely wounded in the Tennessee campaign; was appointed assistant assessor of internal revenue in 1805; was a member of the State Senate in 1807; was elected a representative from Iowa in the Forty-lirst Con gress (to fill the vacancy caused by the death of William Smyth), serving from December 0, 1870, to March 3, 1871. "Wolfe, Simeon K., was born in Floyd Coun ty, Indiana, February 14, 1824; his early education was good, but not collegiate; graduated in the law department of the University of Indiana at Bloom- ington in March, 1850, and has since been engaged in the practice of law; was a presidential elector in 1853 for James Buchanan; was elected to the State Senate of Indiana in 1800, and served four years; was a delegate to the Charleston and Baltimore Democratic National Conventions in 1800; was colo nel of the Indiana militia in 1801; was editor and proprietor of "The Corydon Democrat" from 1857 to 1805; was a candidate for presidential elector for the State at large on the McClellan ticket in 1834; removed in September, 1870, from Corydon to New Albany, his present residence; was elected a repre sentative from Indiana in the Forty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 19,330 votes against 18,052 votes for D. W. Voyles, Republican, serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1875. W^ood, Abiel, was born at Wiscasset, the Maine District of Massachusetts, in 1772; received a pub lic-school education; engaged in mercantile pursuits; was a member of the Massachusetts House of Repre sentatives 1837-1811; was elected a representative from the Maine District of Massachusetts in the Thirteenth Congress as a Federalist (defeating Foot, War Democrat), serving from May 24, 1813, to March 2, 1815; was again a member of the Massachusetts House of Representatives in 1810 ; was a delegate to the Convention which framed the State Constitution of Maine in 1819; was a State councillor of Maine in 1820 and 1821; died at Belfast, Maine, November 2, 1834. , Wood, Alan, jun., was born at Philadelphia July 0, 1834; received a liberal academic education; is largely interested in the manufacture of iron at Conshohockeri and other places ; is president of the First National Bank of Conshohocken ; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Republican, receiving 12,030 votes against 11,432 votes for Ephraim L. Acker, Democrat, serving from December 0, 1875, to March 3, 1877. Wood, Amos E., was born at Ellisburg Coun ty, New ifork, in 1810; received a public-school edu cation; removed with his father in 1825 to Portage County, Ohio; located permanently in 1833 on a farm in Sandusky County, which he cleared himself, and on which he resided during the remainder of his life ; was for two years a member of the State House of Representatives, and for one year a member of the State Senate; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirty-first Congress (to Jill the vacancy caused by the death of Rudolphus Dickinson before taking his seat) as a Democrat, serving from December 3, 1849, to November 19, 1850, when he died at Fort Wayne, Indiana. "Wood, Benjamin, was born at Shelby ville, Kentucky, October 13, 1820 ; received a public-school education; removed to the city of New York; pub lished and edited "The Daily News;" was elected a representative from New York ia the Thirty-seventh Congress as a Democrat, receiving 5,892 votes against 4,585 votes for Williamson, Republican, and G75 votes for Savage, Independent Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, receiving 7,828 votes against 4,5:35 votes for H. Walbridgc, "Republican, serving from July 4, 1801, to March" 3, 1805; was a member of the State Senate in 1800 and 1807. Wood, Bradford R., was born in Connecti cut; received an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Albany, New York; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-ninth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 7,058 votes against <i,lXJ7 votes for Wheaton, Whig, and 98 votes for Barker, Aboli tionist, serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1847; was appointed by President Lincoln minister to Denmark, serving March 22, ISOl-Novembcr 18, 1SG5. Wood, Fernando, was born of Quaker parent age in the city of Philadelphia June 14, 1812; his father removed to New York in 1820, where he after wards resided ; when nineteen years of age he com menced business as a shipping-merchant, in which occupation he was entirely successful, retiring with an ample fortune in 1850; was three times elected mayor of New York, serving in that ofice during Hie years 1855, 1850, 1857, 1801, and 1802; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-seventh Congress as a Democrat, receiving 21,730 votes against 20,833 votes for T. Prescott Hall, Wing, serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1843; was again elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, receiv ing 8,170 votes against 3,4f-8 votes for Duffy, Repub lican, serving from December 7, 1803, to March 3, 1805 ; was again elected to the Fortieth Congress as an Independent candidate without any nomination, receiving 9,(x,5 votes against 7,995 votes for Darling, Republican; was re-elected to the Forty-first Con gress as a Democrat, receiving 14,048 votes against 9,087 votes for Thomas, Republican, and 1,759 votes for Savage, Independent Democrat; was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress, receiving 15.030 votes against 3,708 votes form. Ellinger, Republican, and 4/789 votes for W. S. Hillyer, Young Democrat and Republican; was re-elected to the Forty-third Con gress, receiving 10,520 votes against 9,041 votes for W. A. Darling, Republican ; was re-elected to the For ty-fourth Congress, receiving 8,703 votes against 0,428 votes for John Hardy, Independent Democrat, and 2,131 votes for Robert S. Newton, Republican; was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 14.280 votes against 8,217 votes for George W. De Cunha, Republican, serving from March 4, 1807. "Wood, John, was born at Philadelphia, Penn sylvania, in 1810; received a public-school educa tion ; engaged in commercial pursuits, devoting him self chieily to the manufacture of iron; was elected (against his wishes) a representative from Pennsyl vania in the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Republican, receiving 9,701 votes against 7,209 votes for Jones, Democrat, serving from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 1801. Wood, John J., was born in Rockland Coun ty, New York; resided at Clarkstown; wr.s elected a representative from New York in the Twentieth Congress as a Jackson Democrat, serving from De cember 3. 1S27, to March 3, 1829. Wood, John M., was born at Minnisink, New York, November 17, 1813; received a public-school (duration; became a contractor for the construction of railroads arid other public works; resided at Port land, Maine; was a member of the State House of Representatives; was elected a representative from Maine in the Thirty-fourth Congress as a Repub lican, receiving 9,227 votes against 0,190 votes for Samuel Wells, "Democrat ; and was re-elected to the 710 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving 11, 215 votes against 9.770 votes for J. S. Little, Coalition, serving from December 3, 185. ), to March 3, 1859; died at Boston, Massachusetts, December 24, 18(34. Wood, Joseph, was a delegate from Georgia to the Continental Congress 1777-1779. Wood, Silas, was born in Suffolk County, New York, in 1709; received a classical education, gradu ating at Princeton College in 1789; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Huntington; was elected a representative from New York in the Sixteenth Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Seventeenth, Eighteenth, Nine teenth, and Twentieth Congresses, serving from December G, 1819, to March 3, 1829; died at Hun- tington. New York, March 2, 1847. He published "A History of Long Island." Woodbridge, Frederick E., was born at Ver- gennes, Vermont, August 29, 1818; graduated at the University of Vermont in 1840; studied law with his father, Hon. E. D. Woodbridge; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Vergennes ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1849, 1857, and 1858; was many times chosen mayor of the city of Vergennes; was State auditor in 1850, 1851, and 1852; was prosecuting-attorney in 1854, 1855, 1856, 1857, and 1858; engaged in railroad management, and was several years vice-president and the active manager of the Rutland and Washington Railroad ; vras a member of the State Senate of Vermont in 1800 and 1831, and in 1801 was chosen president pro tempore of that body; was elected a representative from Vermont in the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Republican, receiving 8,505 votes against 3,480 votes fir White, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty- ninth Congress, receiving 9,447 votes against 3,071 votes for Wells, Democrat; and was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, receiving 10,508 votes against 3,030 votes for Wells, Democrat. Woodbridge, William, was born at Norwich, Connecticut, August 2 J, 1780; received a public- school education ; removed with his father to Mari etta, Ohio, in 1791 ; returned to Connecticut ; studied law at Litchficld, and was admitted to the bar in 1800 ; was a member of the State House of Represen tatives in 1807; was prosecuting-attorney for New- London County 1808-1814; was a member of the .State Senate 1808-1814; was appointed in 1814 by President Madison secretary of Michigan Territory, and removed to Detroit; was elected a delegate from Michigan Territory in the Sixteenth Congress, serv ing from December 10, 1819, tp 1820, when he re signed; was judge of the Superior Court of Michi gan Territory 1823-1832; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention in 1835; was a member of the State Senate in 1837; was governor of Michigan 1^4)-1841; was elected a United-States senator from Michigan, serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1^47; died at Detroit, Michigan, October 20,1801. His "Life" was published by Charles Lanman in 1807. Woodburn, William, was born in Wicklow County, Ireland, in 1838; immigrated to Maryland, and was a student at St. Charles College, near Balti more; removed to California in 1855, arid subse quently to Nevada; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1805, and practised at Virginia City; was district-attorney for Story County in 1871-1872; was elected a representative from Nevada in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Republican, receiving 9,317 votes against 8,507 votes for Ellis, Democrat, serving from December 0, 1875, to March 3, 1877. ^Woodbury, Lsvi, was born at Francistown, New Hampshire, December 22, 1789; received a clas sical education, graduating at Dartmouth College in !<".): studied law at Judge Gould s Litchfield Law School, and with lion. S. Dana and Judge Smith of Exeter; was admitted to the bar in 1812, and com- nn-nci d prarti. c at Francistown; was chosen clerk of the State Senate in 1810; was appointed judge of the Superior Court of New Hampshire in 1816; re moved to Portsmouth in 1819; was governor of New Hampshire in 1823-1824; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1825, and was chosen speaker; was elected to the United-States Senate as a Democrat, and served from December 5, 1825, until March 3, 1831 ; was elected State senator March 7, 1831, but declined; was appointed by President Jack son secretary of the navy in April, 1831 ; was trans ferred to the Treasury Department June 27, 1834, and, having been re-appointed by President Van Buren, served until March 3, 1841 ; was appointed during this time chief justice of the Superior Court of New Hampshire, but declined; was again elected to the United-States Senate, and served from March 4, 1841, until November 20, 1845, when (having de- lined the British mission) he was appointed by President Polk justice of the Supreme Court of the United States (in place of Joseph Story, deceased); the nomination was confirmed by the Senate Janu ary 3, 1840, and he served until he died at Ports mouth, New Hampshire, September 7, 1851. Woodcock, David, was born in Berkshire County, Massachusetts ; received a public-school edu cation ; removed to Seneca County, New York, and afterwards to Ithaca, Tompkins County, New York ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1814-1815; was elected a representative from New York in the Seventeenth Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 3, 1821, to March 3, 1823; was again a member of the State House of Represen tatives in 1820; was again elected to the Twentieth Congress (defeating Charles Humphrey), serving from December 3, 1827, to March 3, 1829. W^oodford, Stewart L., was born at New-York City September 3, 1835; was educated at Columbia- College Grammar School ; attended Yale and Colum bia Colleges, and graduated at Columbia in 1854; read law, and has, since 1857, practised his profession in New-York City; was appointed assistant attorney for the United States at New York in 1801 ; enlisted in the One Hundred and Twenty-seventh Regiment New-York Volunteers in 1862; was promoted to the lieutenant-colonelcy of that regiment, and subse quently became colonel and brigadier-general ; served in the Army of the Potomac, then in the Department of the South; was the first Union military command ant of Charleston, South Carolina, and afterward of Savannah, Georgia; was chief of staff in the Depart ment of the South, &c. ; was elected lieutenant-gov ernor of the State of New York in 1806 ; was elected presidential elector at large, and was president of the Electoral College in 1872; was elected a repre sentative from Ohio in the Forty-third Congress as a Republican, receiving 15,171 votes against 11,506 votes for W. W. Goodricn, Democrat and Liberal, serving from December 1, 1873, to July 1, 1874, when he resigned; was appointed by President Hayes United-States attorney for the Southern Dis trict of New York. Woodruff, George C., was born at Litchfield, Connecticut, December 1, 1805; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1825 ; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1827; commenced practice at Litchfield ; was postmaster at Litchfield for fourteen years; was a member of the State House of Representatives, and clerk of that body; was judge of probate for Litchfield County; was elected a representative from Connecticut in the Thirty-seventh Congress as a Democrat, receiving 11,739 votes against 11,008 votes for O. S. Ferry, Re publican, serving from July 4, 1801, to March 3, 1803; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Thirty-eighth Congress, receiving 10,892 votes against 11,248 votes for~J. II. Hubbard, Republican. Woodruff, John, was born at Hartford, Con necticut, February 12, 1820; received a public-school education; was a member of the State legislature in 1854; was elected a representative from Connecti cut in the Thirty-fourth Congress as an American, STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 711 receiving 9,876 votes against 7,918 votes for Arnold, Democrat, serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1857; was elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, serving from December 5, 1859, to March 3, 1861; was collector of internal revenue for the Second Dis trict of Connecticut; died at New Haven, Connecti cut, May 20, 1868. Woodruff, Thomas M., was elected a repre sentative from New York in the Twenty-ninth Con gress as an American, receiving 6,214 votes against 6,009 votes for Leonard, Democrat, and 273 votes for Scoles, Abolitionist, serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1847. Woods, Henry, was born in Pennsylvania; took an active part in the Revolutionary struggle; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Sixth Congress ; and was re-elected to the Sev enth Congress, serving from December 2, 1799, to March 3, 1803. W^oods, John, was born in Dauphin County, Pennsylvania, in 1794; removed with his father to Ohio when he was a child; received a public-school education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1810; commenced practice at Hamilton, Ohio; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Nineteenth Congress; was re-elected to the Twentieth Congress, serving from December 5, 1825, to March 3, 1829; was the editor and publisher of " The Hamilton In telligencer" 1829-1832; resumed his profession, and practised until 1845, when he was elected State auditor; died at Hamilton, Ohio, July 33, 1855. Woods, "William, was born in Washington County, New York, in. 1790; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1823-1825; was elect ed a representative from New York in the Eighteenth Congress (defeating Osborn), serving from December 1, 1823, to March 3, 1825; died at Bath, New York, August 7, 1837. Woodson, Samuel H., resided at Lexing ton, Kentucky; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Seventeenth Congress, receiving a majority of 1,631 votes over Stephen Richardson, serv ing from Decembers, 1821, to March 3, 1823; was de feated as a candidate for the Eighteenth Congress by Thomas P. Moore. Woodson, Samuel H., was born in Jessamine County, Kentucky, October k.4, 1815; received a clas sical education, graduating at Centre College; stud ied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Independence, Missouri ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1853 and 1854; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Conven tion in 1855; was elected a representative from Mis souri in the Thirty-fifth Congress as an American, receiving 6,006 votes against 4,6o4 votes for Douglas, Democrat, and 3,755 votes for Price, Benton Demo crat; wjis re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, receiving 7,942 votes against 6,947 votes for J. W. Reid, Democrat, and 2,038 votes for Smith, Independ ent, serving from December 7, 1857, to March 3, 1861. Woodward, Joseph A., was born in South Carolina; resided at Winnsborough ; was elected a representative from South Carolina in the Twenty- eighth Congress as a State-rights Democrat; was re- elected to the Twenty-ninth, Thirtieth, Thirty-first, and Thirty-second Congresses, serving from Decem ber 4, 1843. to March 3, 1851. Woodward, George W., was born at Beth any, Pennsylvania, March 26, 1809; received an aca demic education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1831, and practised at Wilkesbarre ; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention in 1837 ; was president-judge of the Fourth Judicial District 1841-1851 ; was the Democratic caucus nom inee in 1844 for the United-States Senate, but was defeated by Simon Cameron; was judge of the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania 1852-1867 ; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for governor in 18(i3 by A. G. Curtin, Republican; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Fortieth Congress as a Democrat (in the place of Charles Denison, deceased), receiving 12,623 votes against 12,078 votes for Ketcham, Republican; was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress, receiving 16,687 votes against 14,898 votes for Strong, Republican, serving from November 21, 1867, to March 3, 1871; was a delegate to the National Democratic Convention at New York in 1868; was a delegate to the State Con stitutional Convention ; travelled in Europe, and died at Rome, in Italy, May 10, 1875. "Woodward, William, was elected a represen tative from South Carolina in the Fourteenth Con gress without opposition, serving from December 4, 1815, to March 3, 1817. Woodworth, James H., was born at Green wich, New York, December 4, 1804; received a pub lic-school education ; lived on a farm until he was twenty-one years of age; removed to Fabius, New York; taught school for a few months, and then engaged in mercantile pursuits ; removed in 1827 to Erie, Pennsylvania, and thence in 1833 to Chisago, Illinois; was a member of the State Senate in 1839, and of the State House of Representatives in 1842; was a member of the city government of Chicago 1845-1850, serving two years as mayor; was elected a representative from Illinois in the Thirty-fourth Congress as a Republican, receiving 6,927 votes against 2,544 votes for Turner, Democrat, serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1857. Woodworth, Laurin D., was born at Wind- ham, Ohio, September 10, 1837; was educated at Windham Academy and Hiram College ; was admit ted to the bar September 19, 1859, and practised at Ravenna, and subsequently at Youngstown, Ohio, to which place he removed in 1864; lie was a major in the army in the war for the Union; was elected to the Senate of Ohio in 1867, and re-elected in 1869; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Forty- third Congress as a Republican, receiving 15,368 votes against 13,106 votes for R. Brown, Democrat, Prohibitionist, and Liberal; was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Congress, receiving 11,113 votes against 10,837 votes for Wilson, Democrat, and 445 votes for Paine, Prohibitionist, serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1877. Woodworth, William W., was born in Con necticut ; removed to New York, and located at Hyde Park ; was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-ninth Congress as a Democrat, re ceiving 7,340 votes against 6,710 votes for Rankin, Whig, and 35 votes forKnevels, Abolitionist, serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1847. Worcester, Samuel T., was born at Hollis, New Hampshire, August 30, 1804; received a classi cal education, graduating at Cambridge University in 1830; was preceptor of the Weymouth Academy 1830-1832; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1834, and commenced practice at Norwalk, Ohio ; was a member of the State Senate 1848-1849; was a judge of the Court of Common Pleas 1859-1860; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Thirty- seventh Congress as a Republican, serving from July 4, 1861, to March 3, 1863. W^ord, Thomas J., was born in Surry County, North Carolina ; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1832; removed to Mississippi, and settled atPontotoc; was elected a representative in the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Whig, on a general ticket with S. S. Prentiss, at a second election, they receiving 12,249 votes against 11,306 votes for their Democratic opponents, serving from May 30, 1838, to March 3, 1839. W^orman, Ludwig, was born in Bucks Coun ty, Pennsylvania; received a public-school education; learned the tanner s trade, and became a dealer in hides and leather; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Seventeenth Congress as a Fed eralist, serving from December 3, 1821, to September 21, 1822, when he died at Pottstown. Wortendyke, Jacob R., was born at Chestnut 712 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Ridge, New Jersey, November 27, 1818; received a classical education, graduating at Rutgers College in !>:! .) : was for ten years a teacher of mathematics and the classics; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1852, and commenced practice at Jersey City: was a member of the board of aldermen ; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Thirty-fifth ( impress as a Democrat, receiving 0,090 votes against CiA M votes for A. Dodd, Republican, and 5,038 votes for F. B. Betts, American, serving from December 7, 1857, to March 3, 1850; died at Jersey City, New Jer sey, November 7, 18(18. WorthingtoE, H. G., was born at Cumberland, Maryland, February 9, 1^8; received an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1851, and commenced practice in Tuolinune County, California; travelled in Central America and Mexico, and, on his return to California, located at San Fran cisco; was a member of the California House of Representatives in 1801 ; removed in 1862 to Nevada, locating at Austin; was elected a delegate to the Thirty-eighth Congress from Nevada Territory, serv ing from December?, 1863, to December 21, 1804, when he took his scat as a representative from the new State of Nevada, serving to March 3, 1805; was ap pointed by President Join: son minister to Uruguay and the Argentine Republic, serving from July 25, 1868, to July 8, 1SCO. Worthington, John T. H., was born in Mary land ; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Twenty-second Congress as a Democrat, re ceiving 2,4(52 votes against 2,C77 votes for Brown, Whig, serving from December 5, If 31, to March 2, 1833; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Twenty-third and Twenty-fourth Congresses by James Turner, Democrat; was again elected to the Twenty-fifth Congress, defeating James Turner; was re-elected I j the Twenty-sixth Congress, receiving a majority of 1,548 votes over James Turner, serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1841 ; died in Baltimore County, Maryland, April 7, 1849. Worthington, Thomas, was born in Jefferson County, Virginia, July 16, 1774; received a thorough English education: removed to Ohio, and located in Ross County in 1798; was a delegate to the State Con stitutional Convention in 1803 ; was elected one cf the first United-States senators from Ohio as a Democrat (defeating Judge Burnet), serving from October 17, 1803, to March 3, 1807; was again elected a senator (in place cf Return Jonathan Meigs, jun., resigned), serving from January 8, 1811, to 1814, when he re signed; was governor of Ohio 1814-1818; was one of the original vice-presidents of the American Bible Society; was a canal commissioner from 1818 until his death at New- York City June 20, 1827. "Worthing uoc, Thomas C., was born in Prince George County, Maryland; resided at Frederick Town; was elected a representative from Maryland in the Nineteenth Congress, serving from December 5, 1.-25, to March 3, l27j died at Frederick Town, Maryland, June 19, 1827. Wren, Thomas, was born at McArthurstown, Ohio, January 2, 1820; received a common-school education; studied and practised law; was deputy county-clerk of El Dorado County, California, in l^.V;-l l .77; was city-attorney cf Austin, Nevada, in 1*74-187 i; V.T.S a member of the State legislature cf Nevada in 1675; was elected to the Forty-fifth Con- as a Republican, receiving 10,241 votes against . .:;:!) votes f::r A. C. Lllis, Democrat, serving" from October 15, Is70. Wright, AugustU3 B., was bom at Wrights- borough, Georgia, June 10, K>13; received i classical education, v. hich was completed at Franklin Col- ]<<. but he did not graduate; studied lav/; was ad- d to the bar, and commenced practice at Rome, Georgia; was elected circuit-judge in 1842, and was )-! Vic, 1, but n si ;md before the expiration of his second term; v.as elected a representative from Georgia in the Thirty-l.fth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 9,669 votes against 5,690 votes for Hooper, Independent Democrat, serving from December 7, 1857, to March 3, 1859; was a deputy to the Pro visional Congress of the Confederate States which met at Montgomery, Alabama, in February, isiil, and adjourned to meet at Richmond in July, 1861 ; was a representative from Georgia in the First Con federate Congress, serving from February 22, 1862, to February 22, 1864. Wright, Daniel B., was born in Tennessee; removed to Mississippi, and located at Salem; was elected a representative from Mississippi in the Thirty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 8,! 84 votes against 8,414 votes for Nabers, Whig ; and was re-elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress, receiving 7,055 votes against 5,071 votes for Taylor, American, serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1857. Wright, Edwin R. V., was born at Hoboken, New Jersey, January 2, 1812; received an r.cadcmicr.l education; learned the art of printing; established in 1835 "The Jersey Blue " newspaper at Hoboken; studied law; Avas admitted to the bar in 1839, and practised at Hoboken; was a member of the State Senate in 1843; was district-attorney for Hudson County 1851-1855; was defeated in 1659 as the Democratic candidate for governor; wr.s elected a representative from New Jersey in the Thirty- ninth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 13,31/0 votes against 11,448 votes for Edgar B. Wakeman, Republican, serving from December 4, 18C5, to March 3, 18G7; died at Jersey City, New Jersey, January 19, 1876. Wright, George G. (brother of Joseph A. Wright), was born at Bloomington, Indiana, March 24, 1820; was educated at private schocls, and gradu ated at the State University of Indiana in 1839; read law with his brother, Joseph A. Wright, at Roekville, Indiana; removed to Iowa in October, 1840, and commenced practice; served as prcsecuting-attorncy in 1847-1848; was elected to the State Senate of Iowa in 1849, and served two terms; in 1854 was clicscn chief justice cf the Supreme Court cf the State, and was elected to the same bench by the people (owing to a change of the State Constitution) in 1860, and again in 18C5; was a professor in the law department of the State University for six years, commencing in 1865; was elected a United-States senator from Iowa as a Republican (to succeed James B. Ho well, Republican, who had been elected to fill the vacancy occasioned by the resignation cf James W. Grimes), and served from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1877. Wright, George W M was born at Concord, Massachusetts; received a public-school education; was reared on a farm ; engaged in mercantile pur suits in Boston; was connected with "The Boston Courier; " removed to California in 1849, and located at San Francisco; was one of the first representa tives elected from the State of California as a Demo crat, serving from September 11, 1850, to March 3, 1851. Wright, Hendrick B., was born at Plymouth, Luzerne County, Pennsylvania, April 24, 1808 : re ceived his primary education at the Wilkesbarre Grammar School ; graduated at Dickinson College in 1829; studied law; was admitted to the bar in November, 1831, and commenced practice at Wilkes barre; was appointed district-attorney fcr Luzerne County in 1834 by Attorney-General Get.rge M. Dall.- s; was a member of the State Ilouce cf Rep resentatives in 1841, 1842, and 1843, serving the Ir.st year as speaker; was a delegate at lar^e to the National Democratic Convention at Laltimore in 1844 which nominated Polk and Dallas, sen ing as temporary and permanent chairman; war, a delegate to the ul sequent National Democratic Conventions which nominated Cass, Tierce, Br.chanr.n, Douglas, Seymour, and Tilden; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 7,523 votes against 7,350 votes STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 713 for Fuller, Whig, serving from December 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855; was again elected to the Thirty- seventh Congress (to fill the vacancy caused by the death of George W. Scranton), serving from July 4, 1851, to March 3, 1803; was again elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 13,557 votes against 12,101 votes for II. B. Payne, Republican, serving from October 15, 1877. He published "A Practical Treatise on Labor" 1871, and "Historical Sketches of Plymouth County" 1873. Wright, John C., was born at Wethersfiekl, Connecticut, in 1783; received an academical educa tion; learned the art of printing; edited "The Troy Gazette" at Troy, New York; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Steubenville, Ohio; was forniany years a judge of the State Supreme Court; was elected a representative from Ohio in the Eighteenth Congress as an Adams Democrat, receiving 3J3 majority over J. McLaughlin ; was re-elected to the Nineteenth Congress, receiving a large majority over Mr. Bebee; was re-elected to the Twentieth Congress, receiving 2,344 votes against 2,133 votes for J. M. Goodenow, Jackson Democrat, serving from December 1, 1823, to March 3, 1829; was defeated as a Clay Democratic candi date for the Twenty-first Congress, receiving 2,232 votes against 3,140 votes for J. M. Goodenow, Jackson Democrat; was for some years the editor and proprietor of "The Cincinnati Gazette;" was a delegate to the Peace Congress held at Washington in February, 18G1 ; and died at Washington, before its final adjournment, February 13, 1801. He published Supreme-Court Reports of Ohio, 1831-1834." "Wright, John V., was born in McNairy County, Tennessee, June 20, 1828; received an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Purdy, Tennessee; was elected a representative from Tennessee in the Thirty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 7,927 votes against 5,922 votes for Kendrick, American ; was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Con gress, receiving 8,G2J votes against 1,005 votes for McElrath, American; was re-elected to the Thirty- sixth Congross, receiving 0,38J votes against 2,711 votes for Gibbs, Opposition, serving from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1301. Wright, Joseph A. (brother of George G. Wright), was born in Pennsylvania April 17, 1810; received a classical education at the University of Indiana, acting as janitor; studied law; was ad mitted to the bar in 1829, and commenced practice at Rockville, Indiana; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1833, and cf the State Senate in 184); was elected a representative from Indiana in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Demo crat, receiving 5,441 votes against 5,438 votes for E. W. McGaughey, Whig, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1845 ; was defeated as the Demo cratic candidate for the Twenty-ninth Congress, re ceiving 0,012 votes against 6,183 votes for E. W. McGaughey, Whig; was governor of the State cf Indiana 1849-1857; was appointed by President Buchanan minister to Prussia, serving from June 1, 1857, to July 1, 1801; was United-States commis sioner to the International Exhibition at Hamburg in 1803; was again appointed minister to Prussia by President Lincoln, serving from June 30, 1805, until his death at Berlin, Prussia, May 11, 1807. Wright, Robert, was born in Kent County, Maryland; received a public-school education; stud ied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised at Queenstown; was elected a United-States senator from Maryland as a Democrat, serving from Decem ber 7, 1801, to 1800, when he resigned ; was elected a representative from Maryland in tlie Eleventh Con gress (in place cf John Brown, resigned); and was re-elected to the Twelfth, Thirteenth, and Four teenth Congresses, serving from December 3, 1810, to March 3, 1817; was again elected to the Seven teenth Congress, serving from December 3, 1821, to March 3, 1823 ; was appointed district-judge, vice Warrall, resigned; died at Queenstown, Maryland, September 7, 1820. Wright, Samuel G., was born in 1787; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Twenty-ninth Congress, but died before taking his seat, near Allentown, New Jersey, July 30, 1845. Wright, Silas, jun., was born at Amherst, Massachusetts, May 24, 1795; was reared on his fa ther s farm at Weybridge, Vermont; received a clas sical education, graduating at Middlebury College in 1815; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Canton, New York, in 1819; was appointed surrogate of Rockland County Febru ary 4, 1821-January 1, 1824; was a member of the State Senate 1824-1827 ; was elected a representative from New York in the Twentieth Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 3, 1827, to March 3, 1829 ; successfully contested the election of George Fisher in the Twenty-first Congress, but refused to take his seat, preferring to act as comptroller of the State of New York January 27, 1829-Jantiary 11, 1833; was elected a United-States senator from New York (in place of William L. Marcy, resigned), serv ing from January 14, 1833, to December 1, 1844, when he resigned, having been elected governor; was gov ernor of the State of New York 184-1-1840; was defeated for re-election as governor; retired to his farm of thirty acres at Canton, which he cultivated until he died there August 27, 1847. His " Life and Times" was published by Jabez C. Hammond in 1848. Wright, Turbett, was a delegate from Mary land to the Continental Congress 1781-1782. Wright, W r illiam, was born at Clarkstown, Rockland County, New York, in 1794; received a public-school education; learned the saddler s trade, and commenced business at Bridgeport in 1815 ; re moved to Newark in 1821; was mayor of Newark in 1840-lf?43 ; was elected a representative from ^ew Jer sey in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Henry Clay Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-ninth Congress, serving from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1847; was defeated in 1847 as the Whig candidate for gov ernor of New Jersey, receiving 32,251 votes against 34,7(35 votes for Daniel Haines, Democrat; was elected a United-States senator from New Jersey as a Democrat, serving from March 4, 1853. to March 4, 1859; was again elected a senator as a Democrat, serving from December 7, 1803, to November 1, 18UO, when he died at New r ark, New Jersey. W^urts, John, was born in Morris County, New Jersey; received a classical education, graduating at Princeton College in 1813; resided in Philadelphia; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the Nineteenth Congress, serving from December 5, 1825, to March 3, 1827; travelled in Europe, and died afcllome, Italy, April 23, 1861. W^yncoop, Henry, was born in Pennsylvania; was a delegate from Pennsylvania to the Continental Congress 1789; was elected a representative from Pennsylvania in the First Congress, serving from March 4, 1789, to March 3, 1791. W^ynn, Richard, was born in Virginia ; received a public-school education; removed to Georgia, where he participated actively in the Revolutionary war, entering the army as lieutenant, and attaining the rank of major-general; was elected a representa tive from South Carolina in the Third Congress, and was re-elected to the Fourth Congress, serving from December 2, 1793, to March 3, 1797; was again elect ed to the Seventh, Eighth, Ninth, Tenth, "Eleventh, and Twelfth Congresses, serving from December 7, 18 1. to March 3, 1813; died in 1813. Wynns, Thomas, was born in Hertford County, North Carolina; w r as a successful planter; was elect ed a member of the State House of Representatives in 1787, and to the State Senate in 1790-1800 inclu sive; was a presidential elector in 1801 ; was elected a representative from North Carolina in the Seventh 714 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Congress (in place of Charles Johnson, deceased), and "re-elected to the Eighth and Ninth Congresses, serving from December 7, 1802, to March 3, 1807; was a brigadier-general of militia; was a presidential elector in 1809; died at Winton, North Carolina, June 3, 1823. Wythe, George, was born in Elizabeth-City County. Virginia, in 1720; his education was princi pally directed by his mother, but the death of both of his parents before he became of age, and the uncon- i nil led possession of a large fortune, led him into dissipated habits; at the age of thirty he reformed ; studied law, and, soon after his admission to the bar, became eminent; was a member of the Virginia House of Burgesses several years previous to the Revolution; was a delegate to the Continental Con gress in 1775; was a member of a commission ap pointed in 1770 to revise the laws of Virginia: was speaker of the Virginia House of Delegates in 1777, and, during the same year, judge of the High Court of Chancery; on the re-organization of the Court of Equity in 1778 he was appointed sole chancellor, and held the position until 1798; was a presidential elector on the Jefferson tickets in 1801 and 1805; and died June 8, 1806. It was supposed that he was poisoned; but the person suspected was acquitted by a jury. He published "Decisions by the High Court of Chancery." Yancey, William Lowndes, was born at Ogeechee Shoals, Georgia, August 18, 1814; received an academical education at the North ; studied law at Sparta, Georgia, and Greenville, South Carolina; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at South Carolina; removed in 1837 to Wetumpka, Alabama, where he edited The Wetumpka Argus ; " was a member of the State House of Representatives ; was elected a representative from Alabama in the Twenty-eighth Congress (in place of Dixon H. Lewis, appointed senator) as a State-rights Demo crat, defeating Daniel E. Watrous; was re-elected to the Twenty-ninth Congress without opposition, serv ing from December 2, 1844, to September 1, 184G, when he resigned ; removed to Montgomery, where he formed a law partnership with John A. Elmore; was a delegate to the National Democratic Conven tions at Baltimore in 1848. at Cincinnati in 1856, and at Charleston in 1866; was a presidential elector on the Buchanan ticket in 1856; was a delegate to the State Convention of Alabama which met at Mont gomery January 7, 1861, and reported the ordinance of secession, which was adopted January 14, 1801 ; was delegated by the Confederate Provisional Gov ernment to visit Europe, and ask the recognition of the Confederate States, sailing from New York in March, 1861; returning in February, 1862, he took his seat in the First Confederate Congress as a sena tor from Alabama, serving from February 22, 1862, until his death on his plantation near Montgomery, Alabama, July 28, 1863. Yancy, Bartlett, was born in Virginia; re ceived a classical education, graduating at the University of North Carolina; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practised; was elected a representative from North Carolina in the Thir teenth Congress ; was re-elected to the Fourteenth Congress, serving from May 24, 1813, until March 3, 1817, during which time he displayed such talents for presiding that Mr. Speaker Clay often called him to the chair; was elected a State senator in 1817, and annually re-elected until his death, generally presiding as speaker; died in Caswell County, North Carolina, August 30, 1828. Yancy, Joel, resided at Glasgow, Kentucky; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Twentieth Congress as a Democrat; was re-elected to the Twenty-first Congress, serving from December 3, 1827, to March 3, ls:;i. Yates, Abraham, jun., was born at Albany, New York; was a delegate to the First, Second, Third, and Fourth Provincial Congresses of New York 1775-1777 ; was a delegate to the Continental Congress 1787-1788. Yates, John B., was born in New York; re sided at Schenectady; was engaged in extensive busi ness and financial operations; was senior manager of the New-York State lotteries during the last years of their existence ; was elected a representative from New York in the Fourteenth Congress as a Demo crat, serving from December 4, 1815, to March 3, 1817; died at Schenectady in 1823. Yates, Peter W., was a delegate from New York to the Continental Congress 1785-1787. Yates, Richard, was born at Warsaw, Ken tucky, January 18, 1818; graduated at Illinois Col lege; studied and practised law; was a representa tive in the legislature of Illinois in 1842, 1843, 1844, 1845, 1848, and 1849; was a representative from Illi nois in the Thirty-second Congress as a Whig, re ceiving 7,008 votes against 6,254 votes for Harris, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-third Con gress, receiving 10,1C5 votes against 9,075 votes fcr Calhoun, Democrat, serving from December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1855; was defeated as the Republican candidate for the Thirty-fourth Congress, receiving 9,890 votes against 10,090 votes for T. L. Harris, Democrat; was governor of Illinois from 1861 to 1865; was elected a United-States senator as a Union Republican (to succeed W. A. Richardson, Demo crat), serving from December 5, 1865, to March 4, 1871 ; died at St. Louis, Missouri, December, 1873. Yeaman, George H., was born in Hardin County, Kentucky, November 1, 1829; received an academical education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1852, and commenced practice at Owens- borough, Kentucky; was judge of Davis County in 1854; was a member of the State House of Repre sentatives in 1861 ; was engaged in recruiting a regi ment for the Union army in 18G2, when he was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Thir ty-seventh Congress (in place of James S. Jackson, deceased) as a Unionist; was re-elected to the Thirty- eighth Congress, receiving 8,311 votes against 3,C87 votes for McHenry, Democrat, serving from Decem ber 1, 1862, to March 3, 1865 ; was defeated as the Union candidate for the Thirty-ninth Congress, re ceiving 5,786 votes against 6,974 votes for B. C. Ritter, Democrat; was appointed by President John son minister to Denmark, serving from August 25, 1865, to November 7, 1870. Yeates, Jesse J., was born in Hertford County, North Carolina, May 29, 1829; received a collegiate education; is a lawyer; was solicitor of Hertford County 1855-1860; was elected a member of the House of Commons of North Carolina in 1860 as a Whig; served in the Confederate army, and was major of the Thirty-first Regiment North-Carolina troops; was solicitor of the First Judieial Circuit of North Carolina 1861-1866; was elected to the State Constitutional Convention from Hertford County in 1871 ; was elected a representative from North Caro lina in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Conservative Democrat, receiving 14,071 votes against 12,590 votes for Clinton L. Cobb, Republican; was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 15,466 votes against 14,278 votes for D. McD. Lindsay, Republican, serv ing from December 6, 1875. Yell, Archibald, was born in Kentucky in 1797; removed to Fayetteville, Arkansas; was ap pointed one of the United-States Territorial judges; was elected a representative from Arkansas in the Twenty-fourth Congress as a Van Buren Democrat ; was re-elected to the Twenty-fifth Congress (defeat ing Ringgold), serving from December 5, 1836, to March 3, 1839; was governor of the State of Arkan sas 1840-1844; was again elected to the Twenty-ninth Congress, serving from December 1, 1845, to July 1, 1846, when he resigned to serve in the Mexican war; was mustered into service as colonel of the First Arkansas Volunteer Cavalry, and was killed at its head at the battle of Buena Vista February 23, 1847. STATISTICAL SKETCHES. 715 Yorke, Thomas J., was born in New Jersey; received a public-school education; was elected a representative from New Jersey in the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Whig, serving from September 4, 18:37, to March 3, 1839; was refused a seat in the Twenty- sixth Congress, although he had a certificate of elec tion with the " broad seal " of New Jersey ; was again elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress, serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1843. Yost, Jacob S., was born in Pennsylvania in 1801 ; was elected a representative from Pennsylva nia in the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 4,845 votes against 4,022 votes for Huddle- sou, Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-ninth Con gress, serving from December 4, 1843, until March 3, 1847; was appointed by President Buchanan United- States marshal for the Eastern District of Pennsyl vania; died at Pottstown, Pennsylvania, March 7, 1872. Young, Augustus, was born at Arlington, Ver mont, March 20, 1785 ; received an academic educa tion; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1810, and commenced practice at Stow; removed in 1812 to Craftsbury; was a member of the State House of Representatives during twelve successive sessions, and of the State Senate for three terms; was State s attorney for Orleans County, and judge of probate ; was elected a representative from Vermont in the Twenty-seventh Congress as a Whig, receiving 4,124 votes against 2,789 votes for John Smith, Democrat, serving from May 31, 1841, until March 3, 1843; de clining a re-election, he resumed practice, and in 1847 removed to St. Alban s, where he was for sev eral years judge of the County Court; in 1850 he was appointed State naturalist ; died at St. Alban s, Ver mont, June 17, 1857. works. He published several scientific Young, Bryan R., was born in Kentucky; re sided at Llizabethtowii; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Twenty-ninth Congress, re ceiving 257 majority, serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1847. Young, Casey, was born in Madison County, Tennessee, but, when a small child, removed with his parents to Byhalia, Mississippi, where he was raised and educated; in 1854 he removed to Mem phis, Tennessee; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1850, and entered upon the practice of his profession; was a Douglas Democrat, and took an active part in his support for the presidency in 1860; was opposed to the civil war, against which he spoke and wrote, until the commencement of hostilities; then entered the Tennessee army as a private ; was afterward appointed assistant adjutant-general upon the staff of General William II. Carroll, and was subsecuicntly assigned to the command of a regiment of cavalry in General Chalmers s division; upon the close of the war he returned to Memphis, and re sumed the practice of law, which he has since con tinued; was elected a representative from Tennes see in the Forty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, re ceiving 15,871 votes against "10,241 votes for Barbour Lewis, Republican; was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, receiving 12,803 votes against 11,00(3 votes for William M. Randolph, Republican, serving from December 0, 1875. Young, Ebenezer, was born at Killingly, Con necticut, in 17J4; received a classical education, graduating at Yale College in 1800; was a member of the State Senate 1823-1825; was a member of the State House of Representatives 1826-1828; was cho se;! speaker; was elected a representative from Con necticut in the Twenty-first Congress as a Whig; was re-elected to the Twenty-second and Twenty- third Congresses, serving from December 7, 1829, to March 3, 1835; died at West Killingly, Connecticut, August 18, 1851. Young, John, was born at Chelsea, Vermont, June 12, 1802; removed with his parents in 1800 to school education ; studied law with Ambrcse Ben nett; was admitted to the bar in 1829, and com menced practice at Geneseo, New York ; was a mem ber of the State House of Representatives in 1833, 1844, and 1845 : was elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-fourth Congress as a Whig (to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Philo T. Fuller), serving from December 0, 1830, to March 3, 1837; declining a re-election, he resumed his prac tice ; was again elected a representative from New York in the Twenty-seventh Congress as a Whig, serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1843; was governor of the State of New York 1C47-1849; was a delegate to the Whig National Convention of 1848 ; was appointed, in July, 1849, assistant treasurer cf the United States at New York ; died in the city cf New York April 23, 1852. Young, John D., was born in Bath County, Kentucky, September 22, 1823; was educated in Bath County ; studied law, and was licensed to prac tise, but became a farmer; was acting marshal of Kentucky under President Pierce s administration; was elected judge cf Bath Quarterly Court in 1858; served four years, and was re-elected in I860, but re signed in 1867, having received the nomination of the Democratic party as a candidate to a seat in the Fortieth Congress; was elected, but refused his seat; was elected a representative from Kentucky in the Forty-third Congress as a Democrat, receiving 9,075 votes against 8,885 votes for J. M. Burns, Repub lican, serving from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1875. Young, Pierce M. B., was born at Spartan- burg Court House, South Carolina, in 1838, raid was taken to Georgia in 1839; studied law, but was educated as a soldier at the Military Institute cf Georgia, and at the United-States Military Academy at West Point; resigned two months before gradu ating, in 1861, to enter the Confederate-States army as second-lieutenant, and surrendered in 18C5 as ma jor-general; was elected a representative from Geor gia in the Fortieth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 11,154 votes against 8,054 votes for Adkins, Repub lican; was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress; was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress, receiv ing 14,074 votes against 5,313 votes for Burnett, Re publican ; was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress, receiving 8,067 votes against 4,443 votes for J. F. Devor, Republican, serving from July 25, 1808, to Young, Richard M., was one of the first settlers at Quincy, Illinois; was a presidential elector on the Jackson and Calhoun ticket in 1829; was elected a United-States senator from Illinois as a Democrat, serving from September 4, 1837, to March 3, 1843; was appointed by President Polk commis sioner of the General Land Office, serving from Janu ary 0, 1847, to January 24, 1850 (Abraham Lincoln having been an unsuccessful applicant for his place, which was given to J. Butteriield, also of Illinois); was clerk of the House of Representatives in the Thirty-first Congress (after the death of Thomas Jefferson Campbell), serving from April 17, 1850, to December 1, 1851. Young, Timothy R., was born in New Hamp shire; received a classical education, graduating at Bowdoin College in 1835; removed to Marshall, Illi nois; was elected a representative from Illinois in the Thirty-first Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1851. Young, William S., was born in Nelson Coun ty, Kentucky; resided at Elizabethtown; was elect ed a representative from Kentucky in the Nineteenth Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 5, 1825, to March 3, 1827. Yulee, David Levy, was born at St. Thomas, in the AVest Indies, in 1811 ; was called David Levy; he was taken by his father to Virginia early in life, and received a classical education; removed to Couesus, New York, where he received a public- 1 Florida in 1824; studied law, and engaged in plant- 716 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Ing; was elected a delegate from the Territory of Florida in the Twenty-seventh Congress as a Demo crat ; was re-elected to the Twenty-eighth Congress, serving from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1845; changed his name to David Levy Yulee; was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention; was elected a United-States senator from Florida as a Democrat, serving from December 1, 1845, to March 3, 1851; was president of the Atlantic and Gulf Railroad; was again elected a senator, serving from December 3, 1855, until 1860, when he retired from the Senate to join the Southern Confederacy; he was confined in Fort Pulaski as a prisoner of state in 1805. Zollicoffer, Felix K., was born in Maury County, Tennessee, May 19, 1812; received a public- school education; learned the art of printing; edited several county newspapers ; was chosen State print er of Tennessee in 1835; became editor cf "The Nashville Banner" in 1842; was comptroller of the State treasury of Tennessee 1845-1849 ; was a State senator in 1849 ; was elected a representative from Tennessee in the Thirty-third Congress as a State- rights Whig, receiving 5,808 votes against 5,157 votes for Allison, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty- fourth Congress, receiving (5,958 votes against 4,857 votes for Torbett, Democrat; was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, receiving 0,088 votes against 5,589 votes for Quarles, Democrat, serving from De cember 5, 1853, to March 3, 1859 ; was a delegate to the Peace Convention of 1801; was appointed a brigadier-general in the Confederate army July 9, 1801 ; was commander of the camp of instruction at Trousdale, Tennessee; was assigned to the command of the military department of Tennessee August 8, 18G1 ; was defeated in an engagement at Camp Wild cat, Kentucky, October 21, 1801, by General Schoepf, and at Mill Spring by General Thomas, receiving a mortal wound in a personal encounter with General Fry of Kentucky January 19, 1802. Zubley, John Joachim, was born at St. Gall, Switzerland, August 27, 1724; received a classical education ; studied theology ; immigrated to Georgia, and was ordained as pastor of the First Presbyterian Church at Savannah in 1700; was a pi-eminent revo lutionist; was a member cf the Provincial Congress of Georgia; was chosen a delegate to the Continental Congress in 1775, but opposed the Declaration cf In dependence, and, having been denounced as a traitor by Judge Chase, resigned ; returning to Georgia, ho was accused of having furnished information to Sir James Wright, the royal governor, and narrowly escaped popular resentment ; died in the vicinity of SaVannah July 23, 1781. STEREOTYPED AND PRINTED BY RAND, AVEKY, & Co., BOSTON. 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