
 
 
 
 <$M LIBRARY^ 

 
 Wt;t '
 
 THE 
 
 HISTORY AND ANTIQUITIES 
 
 OF 
 
 HAREWOOD, 
 
 IN THE COUNTY OF YORK, 
 
 XOTICES 
 
 OF ITS PARISH <t NEIGHBOURHOOD, 
 
 BY JOHN JONES. 
 
 LONDON: 
 
 SIMP KIN, MARSHALL, & CO. 
 LEEDS: J. BUCKTON. 
 
 MDCCCLIX. 

 
 ENTERED AT STATIONER'S HAI.L.
 
 Stack 
 Annex 
 
 TO THE 
 RIGHT HONOURABLE THE EARL OF HAREWOOD, 
 
 OF HAREWOOD CASTLE, 
 LORD OF THE MANOR OF HAREWOOD, 
 
 IS, (BY PERMISSION,) GRATEFULLY INSCRIBED, 
 BY HIS LORDSHIP'S MOST OBEDIENT 
 
 AND VERY HUMBLE SERVANT, 
 
 THE AUTHOR. 
 
 2063851
 
 LIST OF SUBSCKIBERS. 
 
 Her Grace the Duchess of Buccleuch, Drumlanrig Castle. N.B. 
 The Right Hon. the Countess of Harewood, Harewood House. 
 The Right Hon. the Dowager Countess of Harewood, Goldsbro' Hall. 
 The Right Hon. the Countess of Cawdor, 74, South Audley Street, 
 
 London. 
 
 The Right Hon. the Earl of Harewood, Harewood House. 
 The Right Hon. the Earl of Mansfield, Scone Palace, Perth. 
 The Right Hon. the Earl of Harrowby, Sandon Hall, Staffordshire. 
 The Right Hon Lady Wharncliffe, Wortley. 
 The Right Hon. Viscountess Stormont, Scone Palace, Perth. 
 The Right Hon. Lady Portman, 5, Princes Gate, London. 
 The Right Hon. Lady Sheffield, 20, Portland Place, London. 
 The Right Hon. Lady Caroline Lascelles, 62, Eaton Square, London. 
 The Right Hon. Lady Louisa Mills, Hillingdon Court, Uxbridge. 
 The Right Hon. Lord William Thynne, Goldsbro' Hall. 
 The Rev. Lord John Thynne, Cloisters, Westminster. 
 The Right Hon. Lord Viscount Nevill, Hope Hall, Tadcaster. 
 The Hon. Arthur Lascelles, Norley, Cheshire. 
 The Hon. Egremont Lascelles, Spellow Hill, Boro' bridge. 
 The Hon. and Rev. James Lascelles, M.A., Goldsbro' Rectory, 
 
 Knaresbro'. 
 
 The Hon. George Lascelles, Moor Hill, Harewood. 
 The Hon. Horace Lascelles, Harewood House. 
 
 Atkinson, Rev. Miles, M.A., Hare- 
 wood. 
 
 ArmisteadjRev. Charles John, M. A., 
 F.S.A., Leeds. 
 
 Ashworth, Mr., Bookseller, Leeds. 
 
 Ainslie, Mr. John, Leeds. 
 
 Appleby, Mr. T. D., Leeds. 
 
 Ackroyd, Mrs., Weeton. 
 
 Brown, Edward, Esq.,Northallerton. 
 Barrett, Mr. Stephen, Harewood 
 
 Bridge. 
 Barrett, Mr. Hugh, York. 
 
 Barrett, Mr. Joshua, Harewood. 
 Barrett, Mr. Abram, East Keswick. 
 Barret, J. C., Esq., Liverpool. 
 Bresher, the Rev. M. R., Vicar of 
 
 St. Martin's, York. 
 Bray, Eagland, Esq., Halifax. 
 Braithwaite, Wm., Esq., Woodhouse, 
 
 Leeds. 
 
 Bilbrough, J. B., Esq., Leeds. 
 Bissington, Rd., Esq., Leeds. 
 Boyne, Wm., Esq., F.S.A., Head- 
 
 ingley, Leeds. 
 Birkhead, Mr., Moor Hill, Harewood.
 
 I) 
 
 LIST OF SUBSCRIBERS. 
 
 Buck, W. C., Esq., Leeds. 
 Brakell, Mr. Thomas, Liverpool. 
 
 Carter, J. B., Esq., Potternewton, 
 Leeds. 
 
 Clark, Mrs., Bull and Mouth Hotel, 
 Leeds. 
 
 Currer, Mrs. Richardson, Eshton 
 Hall, Gargrave. 
 
 Collett, Mr. Robert, Harewood. 
 
 Clay, Mr. John, Northallerton. 
 
 Craven, Thomas, Esq., Potternewton. 
 
 Cover, Mr. John Lee, Weeton. 
 
 Cattle, Wm., Esq., Dormont Grange, 
 Lockerbie, N. B. 
 
 Dodsworth, Rev. George, D.D., 
 Gravesend. 
 
 Dacre, Mr. John, Otley. 
 
 Denison, Wm. Beckett, Esq., Round- 
 hay Lodge, Leeds. 
 
 Davy, Rev.C. R., Tracy Park, Bath. 
 
 Eastburn, Rev. C. F., M.A., St. 
 
 Mark's College, Chelsea. 
 Eastburn, Mr. James, Harewood. 
 Ellison, Mrs., Harewood. 
 
 Farmer, Thomas, Esq., Arthington 
 
 Hall. 
 Firby, Christopher,Esq., Headingley, 
 
 Leeds. 
 
 Firth, Mr. Fred., Leeds. 
 Fowler, Mr., Harewood. 
 Fenteman, Messrs., Booksellers, 
 
 Leeds. 
 Fisher, Mr. Thomas, 22, Arlington 
 
 Street, London. 
 
 Greenwood, Jno., Esq., M.P., Swar- 
 clifie Hall, Ripley. 
 
 Gunter, Capt., Wetherby Grange. 
 
 Gibbs, Mr. Samuel, 2'J, Arlington 
 Street, London. 
 
 Gibbes, T. C., Esq., Midsomer Nor- 
 ton, Bath. 
 
 Gibbes, F. R., Esq., Northallerton. 
 Gilbert,Mr. James, Harewood House. 
 
 Hailstone, Edward, Esq., F.S.A., 
 
 F.G.S., Horton Hall, Bradford. 
 Hardcastle,William, Esq., Harewood 
 
 Bridge. 
 Hargreaves, Mr. William, Duncan 
 
 Street, Leeds. 
 Holdforth, J. D., Esq., Caley Hall, 
 
 Otley. 
 
 Hardwick, R., Esq., Leeds. 
 Heaps, John, Esq., Leeds. 
 Hicks, L., Esq., Leeds. 
 Hairs, Mr. John Barret, Stockton, 
 
 Harewood. 
 
 Hairs, Miss, Bramley. 
 Hirst, Mr. Samuel, Harewood. 
 Horner, Mr. Thomas, Harewood. 
 Howard, Mr., Beckett Street, Leeds. 
 Hopkinson, James, Esq., Leeds. 
 Halmarack, John, Esq., Coventry. 
 Harrison, Mr. H., Boar Lane, Leeds. 
 Hummerston, Mr. Joshua, Leeds. 
 Hummerston, Mr. John, Leeds. 
 
 Ingledew, C. J. D., Esq., F.G.H.S., 
 Northallerton. 
 
 Jordan, Martin, Esq., Lake Loch, 
 
 Wakefield. 
 
 Jackson, Christopher, Esq., Otley. 
 Jennings, Edward B., Esq., Burton- 
 
 on-Trent. 
 
 Jackson, Mr. Rowland, Barnsley. 
 Joy, W. G., Esq., Headingley. 
 
 Kenyon, Mrs., Kingcross, Halifax. 
 
 Literary and Scientific Institution, 
 
 Harewood. 
 
 Library, The Old, Leeds. 
 Lascelles, Capt. J. F., R. N., The 
 
 Park, Cheltenham.
 
 LIST OF SUBSCRIBERS. 
 
 Ill 
 
 Lancaster, Mr., Morton Grange. 
 Lister, Mr. James, Kirkstall Bridge. 
 Lister, Mr. John, Weardley. 
 Laurence, Wm.,Esq.,Scalebor Park, 
 
 Burley, near Otley. 
 Laurence, Josh., Esq., East Keswick. 
 
 Mallorie, T. P., Esq., Leeds. 
 Mallorie, John, Esq., Leeds. 
 Mallory, Mr. Walter, Harewood. 
 Mallory, Mr. William Sherwin, 
 
 . London. 
 
 Myers, J. B., Esq., Chapeltown. 
 Maynard, C. S., Esq., Harewood. 
 Mordue, Mr., Harewood House. 
 Munday, Mr., Briggate, Leeds. 
 Menzies, R., Esq., Wood Hall, Selby. 
 Malthouse, Mr. Thomas, Harewood. 
 
 Nicholl, F. J., Esq., Lincoln's Inn, 
 
 London. 
 Newlove, Rev. Richard, M.A., 
 
 Vicarage, Thorner. 
 Nicholson, Mr. Thomas, Kirkgate, 
 
 Bradford. 
 Nelson, George, Esq., Leeds. 
 
 Palmes, Rev. James, B.A., Weeton. 
 Parsons, Mr. Jonathan, Harewood. 
 Pegler, C., Esq., Headingley. 
 Patrick James, Esq., Leeds. 
 Pepper, John, Esq., Leeds. 
 Pepper, Wm., Esq., Leeds. 
 Pepper, Thomas, Esq., Leeds. 
 Parker, Mr. James, Dunkeswick. 
 
 Redman, J. B., Esq., New Palace 
 Yard, Westminster. 
 
 Redmayne, Leopold, Esq., 176, Ox- 
 ford Street, London. 
 
 Rhodes, John, Esq., Potternewton, 
 Leeds. 
 
 Richardson, Mr. Geo., Leeds. 
 
 Robinson, Mrs., Weardley. 
 
 Stanhope, James Bank?, Esq., M.P., 
 
 Revesby Abbey, Horncastle. 
 Stansfield, W. R. C., Esq., Esholt 
 
 Hall, near Leeds. 
 
 Smyth, Col., M.P., Heath Hall, 
 Wakefield. 
 
 Smeeton, E., & Son Leeds. 
 
 Stubbs, Mr., Masham. 
 
 Sawer, Mr. John, Lofthouse, Hare- 
 wood. 
 
 Snow, Mr. R. R., Ripon. 
 
 Snow, Mr. William, Malton. 
 
 Smith, 31rs., Moor Hill, Harewood. 
 
 Stables, William, Esq., Kirkby 
 Overblow. 
 
 Smart, Mrs., 19, Wellbeck Street, 
 Cavendish Square, London. 
 
 Shutt, J. T., Esq., Harrogate. 
 
 Smith, H. S., Esq., Headingley. 
 
 Storey, Mr., Leeds. 
 
 Smith, J. G., Esq., Harewood. 
 
 Somerville, Mr. Wm., Harewood. 
 
 Stott, Mr. Joseph, Halifax. 
 
 Sykes, Mrs., Kingcross, Halifax. 
 
 Sheard. J., Esq., Halifax. 
 
 Sadler, Wm., Esq., Leeds. 
 
 Taylor, Mr. Benjamin, Stockton, 
 
 Harewood. 
 Taylor, Mr., Robin Hood's Well, 
 
 Doncaster. 
 
 Taylor, Mr. A. L., Aylesbury. 
 Toogood, Rev. J. J., M.A., Rectory, 
 
 Kirkby Overblow. 
 Tiplady, Wm., Esq , Park Hill, 
 
 Wetherby. 
 
 Wentworth, F. W. T. V., Esq., 
 
 Wentworth Castle. 
 Wickham, Mrs., Thorp Arch. 
 Wardell, James, Esq., Leeds. 
 Wade, Mr. Abram, Harewood. 
 Wright, Mr. William, Harewood.
 
 IV 
 
 LIST OF SUBSCRIBERS. 
 
 Wigney, J. T., Esq., Huddersfield. 
 Wood, Wm., Esq., M.P., MonkhilJ 
 
 House, Pontefract. 
 Wood, Richard, Esq., Leeds. 
 Wood, S. J., Esq., Leeds. 
 Wood, Thomas, Esq., Blue Coat 
 
 Hospital, Liverpool. 
 Wood, Mr., Bookseller, Market 
 
 Street, Leeds. 
 Whitley, Mr. John, Grafton Street, 
 
 Leeds. 
 
 Whitley, Mr. William, StablesHouse, 
 
 Harewood. 
 
 Walker, E. J., Esq., Halifax. 
 Weather-burn, L., Esq., Moor-Aller- 
 
 ton, Leeds. 
 
 Wilkinson, George, Esq., Barnsley. 
 Wentworth, George Ed., Esq., 
 
 Wooley Park, Wakefield. 
 Wade, Messrs. J. J., Harewood. 
 
 York, Edward, Esq., Wighill Park, 
 Tadcaster.
 
 PREFACE. 
 
 T)EOBABLY there is no science that has made such 
 -*- rapid strides of late years, as Topography. Thoroughly 
 national in its character and objects, it has obtained a 
 position in the public estimation, second only to its 
 importance. Camden, Hollinshed, Stowe, Leland, Dug- 
 dale, Dodsworth, Torre, Hopkinson, and a host of others, 
 have enriched its pages in times gone by; while down to the 
 present day, numbers have laboured in the same field, 
 tracing events connected with their respective localities, and 
 rescuing from oblivion everything of historical importance. 
 The History of Harewood and its Neighbourhood is not 
 merely of local interest. Its antiquities and historical 
 memoranda, have a general, if not a national value. 
 Independent of its dismantled castle, its ancient church, 
 its modern palace, its monastic ruin, camps and earth- 
 work, it claims to be the birthplace and the burial place 
 of the immortal Chief Justice Gascoigne, and the residence 
 of the noble Earl of Strafford. There are few districts 
 indeed, so rich in relics of the past, or whose history is
 
 VI PREFACE. 
 
 enriched with such noble names. And although to many, 
 these Antiquities may not offer much attraction, yet to 
 the thoughtful student of history, and to every reflecting 
 mind, they speak of tunes gone by, of great and stirring 
 events, which occupied no insignificant place in our 
 National Annals, of noble patriots, who fought, and bled, 
 and died, in defence of our Religion and Country. Not- 
 withstanding the historical and antiquarian interest of 
 this locality, the only accounts of it, which have hitherto 
 been published, are contained in a few pages of Whitaker, 
 and a small book published by Mr. Jewel. The greatest 
 part of the latter, consists of a description of the rooms 
 in Harewood House, and is a tolerable guide book, but 
 not worthy to be regarded as a History. In the present 
 work, while availing myself of their labours, where neces- 
 sary, I have endeavoured as far as possible to make the 
 History complete and perfect. "With this view, I have 
 accordingly visited eveiy place, where I have known 
 manuscripts to be stored, at all bearing upon Yorkshire 
 Topography. Some may possibly imagine, that the book 
 contains a deal of matter, uninteresting to the general 
 reader, but my object has been, not merely to please them, 
 but to render it valuable to the Antiquarian also. In read- 
 ing any work of general information, few will be actuated 
 by the same motives; and in Topography more especially, 
 things which may appear inconsiderable to one, may be 
 replete with interest to another.
 
 PREFACE. VII 
 
 The Critic will I trust look mercifully upon my 
 labours, and deal gently with me. The disadvantages 
 I have laboured under and the difficulties I have met 
 with, are known only to myself. With the Author 
 of the History of Bradford I can say, " surely a Book 
 which has been written after the toil of the day, and in 
 hours stolen from recreation and sleep, is no noble game 
 for the literary critic to pounce upon; and the veteran 
 Antiquary may easily pass over the errors of one who con- 
 fesses, that until this work was commenced, he never 
 devoted one hour exclusively to the study of Antiquities." 
 
 I cannot close this Preface without enumerating the 
 various sources from whence I have derived assistance. 
 To my Noble Patron the Earl of Harewood, I am not 
 only indebted for several letters of introduction and much 
 valuable assistance, but also for pecuniary aid, without 
 which I could not have undertaken journeys to London 
 and Oxford. To the Rev. Miles Atkinson, M.A., Vicar 
 of Harewood, for kindly placing the Church Registers at 
 my service, and for several translations of old documents. 
 I am under special obligations to Messrs. Fenteman, 
 Booksellers of Boar Lane, Leeds, who have generously 
 lent me, many authorities from their valuable collection, 
 which my limited means prevented me from purchasing ; 
 and to Mr. Booth, Bookseller of Halifax, for great assist-
 
 VU1 PREFACE. 
 
 ance with the engravings. I also wisE to acknowledge the 
 great kindness of Mr. Sternberg, Librarian to the Old 
 Library, Leeds, during my frequent visits to that noble 
 collection. To G. Wentworth, Esq., and to Mr. Eowland 
 Jackson, the Historian of Barnsley, my warmest thanks 
 are due, for contributions from the valuable collection 
 at "Wooley Park. For the valuable assistance received at 
 the British Museum, and the Bodleian Library, Oxford, 
 I beg to tender my respectful and grateful acknowledg- 
 ments. To my friends E. J. Walker, Esq. and J. Stott, 
 Esq. 'of Halifax I am under great obligations, for the deep 
 interest they have taken in my project, and the aid I 
 have derived from their antiquarian knowledge. To the 
 Subscribers without whose prompt and liberal orders the 
 History would have failed, my grateful thanks are due. 
 "With these acknowledgments, I venture to launch my 
 book. How far I have been successful in the matter, 
 the public must determine, I only sincerely hope, that 
 their expectations will not be disappointed. 
 
 Harewood, 1st February, 1859.
 
 INTRODUCTION. 
 
 THE Village of Harewood is pleasantly situated on the 
 Leeds and Harrogate Road, about 8 miles distant from 
 each town. Its position is one of great beauty, standing 
 on a considerable eminence overlooking the valley of the 
 Wharf. To the West a prospect of a most diversified 
 character presents itself embracing the magnificent scen- 
 ery of Wharfdale, for nearly 20 miles, bounded in the 
 distance by the hills of Craven ; while to the East the 
 Vale of York lays stretched out before the observer, York 
 Minster being clearly discernible at the distance of 20 
 miles. Standing at the intersection of two high roads ; 
 the great North Road, and the highway from the West to 
 York, it was formerly a place of much life and bustle, 
 twenty two stage coaches passing and repassing every day. 
 The introduction of Railroads however has destroyed this 
 traffic, and one solitary stager to Harrogate during the 
 summer season, is all that remains. The Cottages are 
 erected uniformly on these two roads, and most of them 
 having gardens in the front, under the shade of fine trees, 
 the traveller or visitor is generally struck with the regu- 
 larity and beauty of the village.
 
 10 INTRODUCTION. 
 
 Dr. "Whitaker says "this is a fortunate place, blessed 
 with much natural beauty and fertility, and in the compass 
 of a country village, with an entire though dismantled 
 Castle, a modem palace surrounded by a wide extent of 
 pleasure grounds and plantations, and a parisli church 
 filled with unmutilated sculptures of the 14th and 15th 
 centuries." 
 
 With respect to the Etymology of Harewood the same 
 eminent Antiquarian says, "I will seek for no other ety- 
 mology than that which will present itself to every mind." 
 From this it may be inferred, that the village derives its 
 name from the hares which abounded in the woods here. 
 This however although very feasible, will not bear the test 
 of investigation, and I know of no circumstances to sup- 
 port this supposition, beyond the fact of its proximity to 
 Knaresbro' forest. Thoresby imagines that it received 
 its name (which in all old documents is Harwood not 
 IlarvwoodJ from some battle fought here, or in the 
 neighbourhood, from "Here, exercitus legio." In sup- 
 port of this we have Harelow Hill, or the battle hill; 
 Hereford "exercitus vadum" (the ford of the army;) 
 Harwich, the lay where the army may lie ; Hargrave, or 
 Heregrave, the companion of the battle, &c. Bede, 
 A.D. 680, relates that a great battle was fought between 
 the rival Saxon Kings at Win -moor near Seacroft; and it 
 may therefore be presumed as occurring within the range 
 of possibility, that some portion of this army may 
 have encamped here. This supposition is certainly 
 strengthened by other circumstances. A remarkable 
 camp formerly existed, so late as Mr. Boulter's time, 
 A.D. 1700, and Thoresby (whose opinion is certainly of
 
 INTRODUCTION. 1 1 
 
 great weight) is induced from this fact, to Lelieve this to 
 be the true etymon of Harewood. 
 
 Very little is known of Harewood previous to the Con- 
 quest. It history is essentially a medieval one, and all its 
 existing antiquities, are subsequent to this era. The 
 only event worth recording, belonging to the Anglo Saxon 
 period, is the supposed murder of Athelwold by King 
 Edgar, A.D. 959. The following is the generally received 
 account. Edgar having heard of the exquisite beauty 
 and accomplishments of Elfrida, the daughter and heiress 
 of Olgar, Earl of Devonshire, commissioned Athelwold, 
 his favourite, to visit her residence, and inform him whe- 
 ther this report was true. The faithless courtier was 
 himself smitten by the lady's beauty, and forgetting the 
 King his master, he entertained the idea of marrying her 
 himself. Upon his return he told the King that he could 
 not see much beauty in the lady to recommend her to the 
 King's notice, but as she was the richest heiress in the 
 kingdom, he solicited permission to many her, which was 
 granted. Not long afterwards, the King journeying in 
 the neighbourhood of Athelwold' s seat, desired to be 
 introduced to his wife, about whom he had formerly 
 heard so much. Edgar immediately discovered the 
 faithlessness of his friend, and resolved to have her as 
 his wife. Shortly afterwards Athelwold was slain in a 
 hunting match, and Elfrida became the queen of Edgar. 
 Many historians have not hesitated in laying the scene of 
 this murder at Harewood. William of Malmsbury (lib : 
 2 De Gest: Reg: Angl:) says, "Edgar took Athelwold 
 into a wood (Harewood forest) upon pretence of hunting, 
 and killed him there with his lance." Higdon in his
 
 12 INTRODUCTION. 
 
 Polychronicon, A.D. 1342, says, "Thenne whan the 
 Kynge saw the woman, he beganne to brenne in her love, 
 and made it as thoughe he were not wrothe, and haclde 
 the Erie with hym for to hunt in the wode of Werwelleye, 
 that now is called Hoorewode. There the Kynge smate 
 hym thorughe with a shafte. Afterwarde for clensying 
 of this dede, this Elfrytha buyld an abbaye of nonnes at 
 Warwell."* Mr. Je\vel says "may not this Werwelleye 
 be the hamlet of Weardley; this Hoorewode, the present 
 Harewood ; and this abbey, Arthington nunnery, which is 
 very near to the field tradition points out as the scene of 
 the murder. I have thoroughly investigated the state- 
 ments of every historian who alludes to this event, and 
 have come to the conclusion, that Harewood has no claim 
 whatever to it, but that it took place at Whorwell in 
 Hampshire. Stowe, A.D. 1565, says that it took place 
 at Whorwell. Carnden in his Brittania, A.D. 1586, also 
 states that it took place at Worwhefl in Hampshire. 
 Hollinshed supports the same statement, and the place 
 itself (according to Dugdale) had a nunnery founded by 
 Elfrida, A.D. 986, whereas Arthington nunnery was not 
 founded until the middle of the twelfth century, upwards 
 of 200 years afterwards. All the later historians have 
 copied the statement from Higdon, who says, that it is 
 Hoorewode in Werwelleye, evidently shewing that Hoore- 
 wode was the name of the wood in a place called 
 Werwelleye. This cannot apply to Harewood, for Hare- 
 wood was not the name of a wood, but of a considerable 
 place, of which Weardley was then, as it is now, a hamlet. 
 Wherwell the legitimate locality is near Andover. On a 
 
 * A correct extract from the Copy in the Bodleian Library.
 
 INTRODUCTION. 13 
 
 wall in the garden of the house which stands on the site 
 of the nunnery, is a stone with the following inscription. 
 
 "Anno Dom: 1649. Here was the nunnery of Wherwell 
 erected by Queen Elfrida, demolished by the over acted zeal 
 or avarice of King Henry; and of its last ruins, here buried, 
 there yet remains this monument." 
 
 By some writers this event has even been associated 
 with the Castle, and this erroneous idea gave occasion to 
 one of the most beautiful dramatic compositions in our 
 language, the "Elfrida of Mason," who, sacrificing truth 
 to effect, has converted the perfidious queen into an angel 
 of light, and fascinated us with a bewitching picture of 
 ideal truth and constancy. 
 
 THE LOKDS OF HAREWOOD. 
 
 The Authentic History of Harewood commences at 
 the period of the Conquest, A.D. 1066, when "William, Duke 
 of Normandy came over with a large army, conquered 
 Harold the Saxon King and placed himself on the throne. 
 In 1081, in a true despotic spirit, he ordered the Domes- 
 day Book to be compiled.* 
 
 * This Book which is still preserved in the Exchequer contains a survey 
 of all the estates in the kingdom, and is perhaps the most remarkable regis- 
 ter of landed property ever possessed by any nation, at so early a period in 
 its civilization.
 
 14 LORDS OF HAREWOOD. 
 
 Harewoocl was at this time a part of the King's demesne, 
 and the following extract will shew who were the posses- 
 sors at that time. 
 
 In Hareuuode cu Bercuuita Tor Sprot 7 Grim X 
 Car 7 ad gl T'ra ad v c XL sol. 
 
 Bawden's Translation runs thus. "In Harewoocl with 
 Berewicks, Tor, Sprot, and Grim, had ten Carucates of 
 land to he taxed. Land to five ploughs. Forty shillings. 
 
 It appears therefore that at this time, there were three 
 manors, in which Tor, Sprot, and Grim, three Saxon 
 Chieftains, were possessed of ten carucates of land in 
 Harewood, which were guildahle, or liable to be taxed, 
 land was then valued at forty shillings. These unfortunate 
 Saxons falling within the grasp of the Conqueror, appear 
 to have been wholly disseized of this fair domain. Nor 
 was this an exceptional case. William seems to have 
 visited Yorkshire with greater severity than any other 
 portion of England. His troops were encountered and 
 routed by Earl Morcar in the neighbourhood of York, and 
 the King in revenge for this and other misfortunes, laid 
 waste the whole of the country from the Humber to the 
 Tees. Earl Morcar was at this time possessed of large 
 estates in Wharfdale, and Morcar Hill near Kirkby Over- 
 blow, is unquestionably a relic of this brave Saxon's 
 property. 
 
 Subsequently from defeats, he fled into the Isle of Ely, 
 where being captured, he was imprisoned during the life 
 of the Conqueror, but released on his death.
 
 LOEDS OF HAEEWOOD. 15 
 
 THE ROMELLIS. 
 
 During this reign, that is previous to A.D. 1087, the 
 King gave Harewood, with the honour of Skipton, and 
 other large estates in Yorkshire, to Robert de Romelli, 
 who (according to Gab : de Moulin) belonged to an ancient 
 and considerable family in Normandy, and who came to 
 this country with his roj'al patron. He had an only 
 daughter Cecily, who married William de Meschines, Earl 
 of Chester, who thus became Lord of Harewood. This 
 William and Cecily his wife in A.D. 1120, founded a Priory 
 at Embsay, 2 miles east of Skipton, to the honour of the 
 Virgin Mary and St. Cuthbert. It was endowed with the 
 Church of the Holy Trinity at Skipton v and its Chapel 
 of Carlton, to which Cecily added after her husband's 
 death, her Lordship of Kildwick with the mill and soke* 
 thereof, likewise certain lands at Stratton and Harewood. 
 
 " Know all that are to come, that I Cecily de Komelli have 
 given to St Mary and St. Cuthbert of Embsay, and the Monks, 
 my mills of Harewood, for the souls of my Lord William Mes- 
 chines, and Eafe and Matthew my Sons." Har: Mss. vol. 
 802, /oZ. 10. 
 
 * Soke or Soc, signifies power or liberty to minister justice and execute 
 law, also the circuit or territory where such power is exercised ; whence the 
 law latin word soca is used for a seignory or lordship enfranchised by the 
 King, with the liberty of holding or keeping a court of his sockmen. The 
 word soc also means a plough ; whence socage, that is a tenure by which 
 tenants held their lands, to plough the land of their lords with their own 
 ploughs, and do other inferior services of husbandry at their own charge. 
 Jacob's Lair Dictionary.
 
 16 LORDS OF HAREWOOD. 
 
 Cecily de Romelli had by her said husband, two sons 
 before mentioned, who both died without issue ; and two 
 daughters co-heiresses, Avicia, married to William de 
 Curci, Steward to the household of Henry I; and Alice, 
 married to Fitz Duncan, Earl of Murray, nephew to Mal- 
 colm, King of Scotland. The former had for her moiety, 
 the Manor of Harewood with its various dependencies and 
 other considerable estates; and the latter the Skipton 
 Manor, with its dependencies. The family in fact seems 
 to have been one of great wealth, in possession of vast 
 estates, and in consideration of this, the daughters retained 
 their own family name of Romelli, even after marriage. 
 
 The large tract of land in Craven called Romald's 
 Moor, or Romelli's Moor, evidently derives its name from 
 this opulent family, and formed a part of their extensive 
 property. 
 
 Avicia, the wife of William de Curci, removed the Priory 
 which her mother had founded, from Embsay to Bolton, 
 A.D. 1151. The following legend is the traditionary cause 
 of this removal. In the deep solitude of Bolton Woods, 
 the River Wharf suddenly contracts itself to a rocky 
 channel scarcely four feet wide, called the Strid, where its 
 pent up waters dash through with a rapidity, proportioned 
 to their confinement. It was here that young Romelli, 
 the only son of Avicia, attempting to jump over with a 
 greyhound, the animal suddenly hung back, and drew his 
 unfortunate master into the torrent. 
 
 He sprang in glee, for what cared he 
 
 That the river was strong, and the rocks were steep ? 
 
 But the greyhound in the leash hung back, 
 
 And checked him in his leap.
 
 LORDS OF HARE WOOD. 17 
 
 The boy is in the arms of Wliarfe 
 And strangled by a merciless force; 
 For never more was young Romelli seen 
 Till he rose a lifeless corse. 
 
 Owing to this unhappy event, the afflicted parent re- 
 moved the Priory to the nearest available spot, to where 
 this fatal accident had occurred. The Priory was accord- 
 ingly removed, and there it flourished for many genera- 
 tions; and there its venerable ruins, magnificent in decay, 
 are still to be seen, one of the sweetest spots in England. 
 This legend cannot however be implicitly believed. Dr. 
 Whitaker imagines that it may refer to one of the sons of 
 the first foundress, both of whom died young, but not to 
 the son of Avicia. It is supposed by many, that this 
 story was an invention of the monks, in order to remove 
 the Prioiy from the bleak and cheerless heights of Embsay, 
 to the warm and sheltered seclusion of the valley. This 
 event has been immortalized by two of our greatest poets, 
 Wordsworth and Kogers. Previous to the death of this 
 son, and while the Priory was at Embsay, Avicia de 
 Romelli confirmed to the Canons there, the Mills at 
 Harewood, which had been granted to them by her 
 mother Cecily. This deed with its translation is as 
 follows. 
 
 "Sciant omnes qui sunt, et qui venturi sunt, quod ego Avicia 
 filioe Cecil de Romelli, concede et presenti carta mea con- 
 firmo Deo et beatse Marine, et Sancto Cuthberto de Embsay, et 
 Canonicis ibidem Deo servientibus, Molendinam de Harwode, 
 quam mater Cecily dedit predictis Canonicis, in puram elemo- 
 sinam, <tc., pro salute animte mere, et pro salute ammarum 
 patris mei Willielmi Meschini, et matris mese, et successorum 
 meorum: His testibus, Domino Willielmo filio Duncani; Alicia 
 sorore mea?; Willielmo de Curci filio meo, et multis aliis."
 
 18 LORDS OF HAEEWOOD. 
 
 "Know all, who are, and who shall be, that I Avicia 
 daughter of Cecily de Eomelli, do grant, and by this my 
 Charter do confirm, to God and to the Blessed Mary, and to 
 St. Cuthbert of Embsay, and to the regular priests who serve 
 God at that place, the Mills of Harewood, which my Mother 
 Cecily gave to the aforesaid priests in pure charity, &c., for the 
 salvation of my own soul, and for the salvation of the soul of 
 my Father William Meschines, and of my Mother, and of my 
 successors : These being witnesses ; Lord William son of 
 Duncan, Alice my sister, William de Curci my son, and many 
 others." 
 
 These Mills were situated nearly at the head of the 
 lake. They were transferred with the rest of the property 
 to Bolton Abbey at its translation, and that they formed 
 no unimportant part of it, may be inferred from their 
 frequent mention in the Compotus of the Abbey. In the 
 year 1324-5 I find the following entries: "The mill lands 
 in Harewood paid 12;" and in another place, "paid for 
 the repairs of the mill dam at Harewood W 3s. 2d. and 
 the expenses of the Prior superintending the work 20." 
 They formed an appendage to the estate, until compara- 
 tively a modern period. John Boulter, Esq., rebuilt one 
 of them in the early part of the last century. One 
 (probably the last) was pulled down in 1775, when I 
 imagine the lake was enlarged, and in the back part of 
 the Head Gardener's House, there is a stone inserted in 
 the wall, evidently removed from this mill, with the 
 following inscription : 
 
 "This mill was rebuilt by John Boulter, Esq., A D. 1706."
 
 LORDS OF HAREWOOD. 19 
 
 PEDIGEEE OF THE EOMELLIS. 
 
 ROBERT DE ROMELLI, Lord of Skipton and Harewood, had 
 issue : 
 
 Cecily, married to William de Meschines, Earl of 
 
 Chester. 
 
 WILLIAM DE MESCHINES and Cicily his wife had issue : 
 Rafe, died without issue. 
 Matthew, died without issue. 
 Alice, married to Fitz Duncan, Earl of Murray, 
 
 nephew to Malcolm, King of Scotland. 
 Avicia, married to William de Curci of Stoke Curci, 
 Steward to the Household of Henry I. 
 
 Although the next Lords of Harewood were descended 
 from the youngest of these two daughters, yet the family 
 of the eldest, Alicia, must not be passed over in silence, 
 as many of the future Lords were descended from this 
 marriage. She had by her husband Fitz Duncan, an only 
 daughter Cecilia, married 1st to Alexander Fitz Gerald ; 
 and 2ndly to William le Gros, Earl of Albemarle, one of 
 the most remarkable men of that period. He commanded 
 the Boyal Troops at the Battle of the Standard at North- 
 allerton in 1138, and in reward for the great valour 
 displayed by him on that occasion, King Stephen advanced 
 him to the Earldom of Yorkshire. He was distinguished 
 among the Anglo Norman Barons for his liberality towards 
 the various religious orders, haying founded a Cistercian 
 Abbey at Edenham, in Lincolnshire ; another at Meaux, 
 in Yorkshire, not far from his Castle of Skipsey; a 
 Monastery of Black Canons at Thornton upon Humber ; 
 and a Hospital at Newton. He was also the founder of
 
 20 LORDS OF HAEEVTOOD. 
 
 the ancient and stupendous Castle of Scarborough. He 
 died 25 Hen. 2, A.D. 1179. From this eminent and 
 illustrious man is descended a long line of distinguished 
 names, which form no inconsiderable item in the early 
 history of the Lords of Harewood. 
 
 A curious circumstance respecting the foundation of 
 the Abbey of Meaux, is related by Dr. Whitaker from 
 the chronicle of Fountain's Abbey. 
 
 "William le Gros, Earl of Albemarle, for some good reason, 
 no doubt, having vowed to undertake a pilgrimage to Jerusalem, 
 but being prevented by his corpulency from fulfilling his 
 vow, one Adam, a Monk of Fountains, told him that if he 
 founded a Monastery, it would do as well as his pilgrimage 
 Adam was a man of great skill in building religious houses, as 
 well as hi choosing proper situations for them, and of no less 
 address in obtaining those situations when chosen. Traversing 
 the extensive estates of the family, in order to fix upon a proper 
 situation, he was struck with the charms of a valley embosomed 
 in aged woods, adorned by native pools, and surrounded by fertile 
 fields. In the midst of this charming landscape arose a gentle 
 elevation, called Mount St. Mary. The Monk stopped and 
 began to prophesy. Fixing his staff deep hi the earth, he ex- 
 claimed : ' This is the place that shall be called the vineyard 
 of Heaven, and the gate of life! Have ye not heard, my 
 brethren, what the prophet foretold concerning the building of 
 the house of the Lord ? In the last days, the mount of the 
 Lord's House shall be prepared on the top of an hill. These 
 words I have been revolving all this day in my mind ; and now 
 I find that, by the especial appointment of Providence, an 
 house for the Lord is to be erected on this very mount,' " 
 
 In this favourite retreat, the Earl having already begun 
 to enclose a park, he presumed to demur at the monk's 
 choice ; but Adam was inflexible, and told him it was profane
 
 LORDS OF HAREWOOD. 
 
 to dispute any longer the prophecy announcing the will of 
 Heaven. The land was assigned, and the Abbey of 
 Meaux* was immediately built upon the spot. 
 
 THE DE CUECIS AND FITZ GERALDS. 
 
 The Manor of Harewood next passed into the hands of 
 William de Curci, eldest son of William de Curci and 
 Avicia de Eomelli. He confirmed the grants made by his 
 mother and grandmother to Bolton Abbey. "Know ye 
 that I, William de Curci, have given to St. Mary Bolton, 
 the Mill of Harewood, of the gift of Cecily my grand- 
 mother, and of the grant of my mother Avicia." Har : 
 Mss. 802. He had an only daughter, Alice, his heiress, 
 who married Waryn Fitz Gerald, Chamberlain to King 
 John. She was possessed in her own right of the Manor 
 of Harewood, and Stoke Curcy in Somersetshire. In the 
 6th of King John, A.D. 1205, that monarch granted to 
 Waryn Fitz Gerald, free warren t in Harewood, and one 
 fair there every year for three days, to be held on the first 
 three days in July, also a market to be held every Monday 
 for agricultural produce. 
 
 Waryn Fitz Gerald had an only daughter, Margery, his 
 heiress, who was married twice; 1st to Baldwin de Red- 
 vers, or Ripariis, eldest son of the Earl of Devonshire ; 
 and 2ndly to Fulk de Breant. 
 
 * Meaux in Holderness, seven miles north of Hull. 
 
 f See Addenda. 
 D
 
 22 LORDS OF HAREWOOD. 
 
 PEDIGREE OF DE CURCI, OR COURCY OF 
 HARE WOOD. 
 
 EGBERT COUHCY, Baron of Stoke Courcy, and Privy Counsellor 
 
 to King William Rufus, mar daughter of 
 
 had issue : 
 
 William, Sewer to King Henry I , died without 
 
 issue. 
 
 EGBERT, Sewer to King Henry II., and Witness to 
 King Stephen hi Charter to Westminster 
 Abbey. 
 EGBERT CURCI, second son of Robert and h. to his brother 
 
 William, mar daughter of had issue: 
 
 EGBERT. 
 William. 
 
 EGBERT CDRCI, son and h. of Eobert, mar daughter of 
 
 but died without issue. This Robert was slain 
 
 in Ireland. 
 
 WILLIAM CURCI, brother and h. of Robert, mar daughter 
 
 of had issue: 
 
 JOHN. 
 
 Alice, married to Waryn Fitz Gerald. 
 
 * JOHN CURCT, son and heir of William, died without issue, so 
 his sister became his heiress. This John conquered 
 Ulster in Ireland for King John, who constituted him 
 Governor thereof. He gave a yard land with his body to 
 the Monks at Esseby. 
 f WARYN FITZ GERALD was witness to King John's Charter 
 
 * Camden says, "John Curci conquered Ulster in Ireland, whom nature 
 framed for magnanimitie, gravitie, and all other vertues, a great person and 
 a noble ; the record and testimonie of whose approoved valour, is to be 
 fetched out of the ancient Annals of Ireland." 
 
 f- " Warin Fitz Gerald had a Tryal at the Azzizes at York against the 
 Canons at York about the presentation of a Vicar to Harewood Church and 
 cast them, the Jury finding that William Curci did present the last parson, 
 which trial was the 10th of John." Hopkinson Mst.
 
 LORDS OF HAREWOOD. 23 
 
 of submission to the Pope. The said Waryn and Alice 
 had issue : 
 
 Waryn, mar Matilda de Chesneto and had issue 
 
 Waryn, died without issue and Margaret. 
 BALDWIN, s. and h. of William Eyvers, Earl of Devonshire, 
 married Margaret, d. and h. of Waryn Fitz Gerald, and 
 had issue: 
 
 Baldwin, Earl of Devon. 
 
 Isabel, 3rd wife of William de Fortibus, Lord of 
 Holderness. 
 
 THE REDVERSES OR BIPABII. 
 
 By the marriage of Margery Fitz Gerald, this manor 
 and the estates passed into the hands of Baldwyn de 
 Bedvers. This important family, variously called Bivers, 
 Bedvers, and Bipariis, is thus described by Camden : 
 
 "Then King Henry I., bestowed upon Richard de Redveriis, 
 first Tiverton, and afterwards the honour of Plimpton, with 
 other places appertaining thereto; and consequently created 
 him Earle of Denshire, by granting unto him the third penie 
 of the yearely revenues growing out of the same Countie. 
 Now the revenue of the Countie which in those daies was due 
 to the King, was not above thirtie markes: out of which the 
 said Earle tooke unto him for his part ten markes yearely. 
 After this hee obtained of the said King, the Isle of Wight; 
 whereupon stiled hee was, Earle of Denshire, and Lord of the 
 Isle. Hee had a sonne named Baldwin, who, siding with Maude 
 the Empresse against King Stephen, was banished the realme. 
 Howbeit. Richard his sonne recovered this honour of his 
 Fathers ; and hee left beehind him two sonnes, Baldwin and 
 Richard, who in order successively were Earles of Denshire, 
 and died without issue. The honour therefore reverted backe
 
 24 LORDS OF HAREWOOD. 
 
 againe to their uncle by their father's side, named William, 
 sumarned de Vernon because he was there home. This 
 "William begat Baldwin, who departed this life before his 
 father : yet before his death, he had begotten of Margaret, 
 daughter of Gwarin Fitz Gerald, Baldwin, the third of that 
 name, Earle of Denshire. This Baldwin had two children, 
 to wit, Baldwin, the last Earle out of this family, that died 
 without issue 1261, who changed the Ghryphon, clasping and 
 crushing a little beast, (which mark his ancestours used in their 
 seale) into a Scutcheon, or with a lyon rampant, azur, and 
 Isabell, (called Isabella de Fortibus) who, being espoused to 
 William de Fortibus, Earle of Albemarle, bare to him a sonne 
 named Thomas, who died soon after, and Avellina a daughter, 
 married to Edmund, Earle of Lancaster, whom she mightily 
 enriched with the inheritance of her father, and died issuelesse." 
 
 Baldwin de Hedvers, the husband of Margery Fitz 
 Gerald, died 1 September, A.D. 1216, during his father's 
 lifetime, and during her widowhood, Margery gave to the 
 Canons of Bolton her mills at Harewood. This grant is 
 as follows : 
 
 " To all the sons of the Holy Mother the Church. Margery 
 de Rypariis, daughter and hen: of Warinus son of Geroldus 
 greeting. Know ye that I in my widowhood with full power, 
 have granted for the health of my soul, and Warinus son of 
 Geroldus my father, and Alice de Curci my mother, to God 
 and the Church of St. Mary of Bolton the Mill of Harewood. 
 Har: Mss. vol. 802. 
 
 She also granted to the Nuns of Arthington, the tithe 
 of her household expenses, as appears by the following 
 deed : 
 
 "Ego Margery de Eedvers in libera viduitate et legia potest- 
 ate mea, connrmavi Deo et Beate Marie, et sanctis monialibus
 
 LORDS OF HAEEWOOD. "25 
 
 de Ardington, donationem quam Avicia de Romelli eisdem 
 contulit, viz medietatem terrse de Healthwaite, &c., etprreterea 
 totam decimam expense domus mece de manerio meo de 
 Harwood. Testis, Ricardo de Mohaut, &c " 
 
 "I Margery de Redvers in free widowhood, and by my own 
 lawful power, have confirmed to God, and to the Blessed Mary, 
 and to the Holy Nuns of Arthington, the donation which 
 Avice de Romelli conferred on them, viz: half of the land of 
 Healthwaite, &c., and also the whole tithe of the expenses of 
 my house of my Manor of Harwood. Witness, Richard de 
 Mohaut." 
 
 At this time Fulk de Breant was a great favourite of 
 King John's, who made him the General of one of his 
 armies, which he was forced to raise against the citizens 
 of London, and the malcontented Barons. Fulk carried 
 out his duties with great severity, firing, burning, and 
 pillaging the Barons' houses, parks, &c., and destroying 
 the suburbs of London, carrying away great spoils.* 
 
 King John approving his activity gave him the Castle 
 of Bedford, which lie had taken a short time previously. 
 Camden gives a most interesting account of the assault of 
 this Castle (Brit 400) and says: 
 
 " Falco de Breant laid siege thereto, and forthwith the Barons 
 yeelded, and the King in free gift bestowed it upon him. Yet 
 the unthankeful man raised up a world of warre againe upon 
 King Henry the Third. He pulled downe churches to strengthen 
 
 * A contemporary historian says " John marched from Kent to St. Albans 
 accompanied by ' Falco, without bowels' (Fulk de Breant); 'Manleon, the 
 bloody ;' ' Walter Buch, the murderer ;' ' Sottim, the merciless ;' ' Godeschal, 
 the iron hearted ;' and a most mixed and savage host.'' 
 
 Camden says, " Brent, a wilde madbraine, was at length banished out of 
 the realme."
 
 26 LORDS OF HAEEWOOD. 
 
 this Castle, and exceedingly damnified the territory adjoyning, 
 until the King beseiged it ; and when after three score daies, 
 he had quelled the stubborn stomackes of these rebels, brought 
 this nest and nourse of sedition into his owne hands." 
 
 The King also gave him Margery de Redvers in mar- 
 riage, with her own lands and those of her late husband 
 Baldwin.* 
 
 Fulk de Breant, from his lands and large estates in the 
 Isle of Wight, was called De Insula or De Lisle, and was 
 the first of this name who came into this neighbourhood. 
 In 9 Hen. III., A.D. 1225, Margery obtained a divorce 
 from her husband Fulk de Breant. They were succeeded 
 in their estates by their eldest son, Baldwin, Earl of 
 Devonshire, during whose minority the King committed 
 the Manor of Harewood to "Walter Grey, Archbishop of 
 York. 
 
 * When the estates devolved upon a female, the King compelled her to 
 marry whom he thought proper j this will account for the subsequent divorce.
 
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 28 LORDS OF HAREWOOD. 
 
 THE ALBEMAKLES 
 
 According to Camden, sprung from Aulbernarle in Nor- 
 mandy, and Odo, the first Earl of Albemarle, had the 
 territory of Holderness bestowed upon him by William 
 the Conqueror, his uncle. 
 
 By the marriage of Isabella de Redvers, sister and 
 heiress of Baldwin, Earl of Devon, with William de 
 Fortibus, Earl of Albemarle, Lord of Holderness and 
 Skipton, this important family became possessed of the 
 Manor of Hare wood for a short time. This nobleman 
 was one of those who joined in writing that letter to the 
 Pope, in which they complained of the exactions and 
 oppressions of the Roman see, intimating that unless he 
 redressed the grievance, they themselves would do it. 
 
 In Kirby's Inquest, A.D. 1285, it was returned that the 
 Earl of Albemarle held in Harewood, Carleton, Weardley, 
 Wigton, and East Keswick, and all that he held in the 
 Wapontake of Skyrack of the King, for one Knight's fee, 
 and paid to the bailiff of Skyrack twenty shillings for fine 
 of the wapontake. 
 
 " The Earl died at Amiens, in France," says Dugdale, 
 "in the month of June, A.D. 1260, and his corpse was 
 brought over into England, his heart being entombed at 
 the Abbey of Melsa, and his body at Thornton Abbey, in 
 Lincolnshire.
 
 LORDS OF HAEEWOOD. 29 
 
 " Interim William de Fortibus tertius ult' Com' Albemarle, 
 A.D. 1260, obiit ad Amiens (44 Hen. Ill) legat nobis (a moiety) 
 Capelke sure et 100 mar' cum corde, q'd Tumult' in presby- 
 terii nostri juxta filiam suam. Corpus vero ejus (and the other 
 moiety) Capellse legavit cum 100 mar' Canonicis de Thornton, 
 ubi ad pedes matris suis tumulat' est." Liber. Melsa. Mss. 
 
 "William de Fortibus had issue three sons, Thomas, 
 William, and John; and two daughters, Avice and Aveline. 
 Isabella had the care of her children, -with their tuition 
 committed to her charge. It appears that neither of the 
 sons lived long; Thomas, dying first, was buried in the 
 church of the Friars Preachers, Stamford ; William, dying 
 in Oxford, was buried at the Friars Preachers there. John 
 being dead, and Avice haying died in childhood, Aveline, in 
 default of issue male, became sole heiress, and the inherit- 
 ance of the Earls of Albemarle and Holderness, the 
 barony of Skipton in Craven, the manor of Harewood, 
 and the great landed estates of her father fell to her as 
 his only surviving child. 
 
 The wardship of this great heiress was granted by the 
 King, for the whole term of fifteen years of her minority, 
 to Richard de Clare, Earl of Gloster. This grant was, 
 however, subsequently surrendered; and the King gave 
 the same to Edward his eldest son, and he, during Aveline's 
 minority, in consideration of the sum of 1,500, assigned 
 the castle and barony of Skipton in Craven to Alexander, 
 King of Scotland. Upon the 6th Ides of April, 1269, 
 53 Hen. III., Aveline being then eighteen years of age, 
 and as remarkable for her beauty as for her immense 
 wealth and future expectations, being presumptive heir to 
 her mother Isabella, was with great solemnity married to
 
 30 LORDS OF HAREWOOD. 
 
 Edmund Crouchback, Earl of Lancaster, in the presence 
 of the King, the Queen, and almost all the nobility of the 
 kingdom. 
 
 The precise time of Aveline's decease is not anywhere 
 specified upon good authority, but that she was living and 
 came of age in the beginning of the year 1273, is evident 
 from several writs tested the 2nd February, 1 Ed. I., A.D. 
 1272, directed to the sheriffs of London, York, and other 
 counties, commanding them to give to her, the said 
 Aveline, and to her husband Edmund, full seizin of the 
 several lands and tenements within their respective 
 jurisdictions, which "William de Fortibus, former Earl of 
 Albemarle, and father of the said Aveline, held in capite, 
 and which, upon his death, came to her by right of 
 inheritance. How long Aveline lived after having 
 obtained seizin of her property is uncertain ; sundry 
 inquisitiones post mortem Avelincs uxoris Edmundi Fratris 
 Regis, occur in the escheats and inquisitions of 3 Ed. I. 
 Isabella survived her daughter Aveline, who left no issue.
 
 SEAL OF WILLIAM DE FORTIBUS 
 
 EARL OF ALBEMARLE AND HOLDERNESS. 
 
 LORD OF HAREWOOD 
 
 SEAL OF ROBERT LORD LISLE 
 OF ROUCEMONT. LORD OF HAREWOOD 
 
 -
 
 LORDS OF HAREWOOD. 31 
 
 PEDIGREE OF DE FORTIBUS, EARL OF 
 HOLDERNESS. 
 
 jjSr STEPHEN, son of Odo, Earl of Blois, 
 mar. Matilda, half sister to Wil- 
 liam the Conqueror, who gave 
 him Holderness, and had issue :-- 
 WILLIAM. 
 
 Stephen, Earl of Albemarle, 
 died in the Holy Land, 
 26 H. L, 1126. 
 Ingram. 
 Daughter, mar. 1 st, William 
 Eoman, Earl of Lincoln ; 
 2nd, Peter Bruce, Baron 
 of Skelton. 
 
 WILLIAM LE GROSS, son of Stephen, mar. Cicely d. of Wil- 
 liam Fitz Duncan, a son of Malcolm, King of Scotland, 
 by his wife, Alice Romelli, of Harewood, and had issue : 
 HAWISE, married three times. 
 
 Amicia, mar Aston. 
 
 William le Gross died 23 H. II., 1J79, and was buried in 
 
 Meaux Abbey, which he had founded hi 1 150. He and his 
 
 father bore, gules, a cross, patee vair. He founded Thornton 
 
 Abbey and Newton Hospital, in Holderness. 
 
 WILLIAM MANDEVILLE mar. Hawise, d. and c. of William le 
 
 Gross, died without issue at Rouen in Normandy, 1 R. I., 
 
 1189. He was Earl of Essex and Albemarle, Chief 
 
 Justice of England, and Lord of Holderness. He bore 
 
 quarterly or. and gules. William de Fortibus mar. 
 
 Hawise, widow of William Mandeville. This William 
 
 died 7 Rich. I. His Lady survived and mar. 3rdly, 
 
 Baldwin de Betune, who died 13 John, 1212, and was 
 
 buried in Meaux Abbey. By her 2nd husband she left 
 
 issue : 
 
 WILLIAM.
 
 32 LORDS OF HAREWOOD. 
 
 WILLIAM DE FORTIBUS, son of William, mar. Aveliue, d. of 
 Richard, Lord Montfitchet. This William was starved to 
 death in the Mediterranean, 25 Hen. III., 1241, and was 
 buried in Meaux Abbey. He had issue : 
 
 WILLIAM. 
 
 Jane, married to Bryan de la Sea. 
 WILLIAM DE FORTIBUS, son of William, mar. three wives. 
 
 First, Devorgill, d. of , she died without issue. 
 
 His second wife was Constance, d. of Alan, Earl of Galla- 
 way, she died without issue His third wife was Isabel, 
 d. of Baldwin Rivers, Earl of Devonshire. He died 40 
 H. III., and was buried hi Meaux Abbey, A D. 1240. The 
 three last bore, argent, a chief gules. William le Gros 
 founded Scarbro' Castle, where he ruled like a king over 
 the country about it, until he was reduced by King H. II. 
 Roger Hoveden says "he was buried in Thornton Abbey 
 in Lincolnshire which he founded in 1139." In 29 Ed. 
 III., AD. 1356, he had a grant for a Fair at Pocklington. 
 By his third wife, Isabel, William left issue : 
 
 John, no issue. 
 
 Thomas, slain at Stamford, no issue. 
 
 William, no issue. 
 
 Amicia, died young. 
 
 AVELTNE, married Edmund, son of King Henry III., 
 surnamed Crookback, Earl of Lancaster. 
 
 THE DE LISLES AND DE ALDBURGHS. 
 
 The succession now reverted to Robert, Lord Lisle, of 
 Rougemont, lineally descended from Fulk de Breant, and 
 called De Insula or De Lisle from their great possessions 
 in the Isle of Wight, where they originally came from. 
 In 1345, he relinquished all his manorial and other rights 
 to his brother John, who was one of the founders of the
 
 LORDS OF HAEEWOOD. 33 
 
 Order of the Garter. Sir John was the son of Eobert, 
 Lord Lisle, (first summoned to Parliament 5 Ed. II., A.D. 
 1312, by the title of Eobert de Lisle de Kubeomonte) and 
 of Margaret, daughter of Peverell. His father, Eobert, 
 being disposed to give him 400 marks per annum of land, 
 to serve the King with 6 men-at-arms in his wars ; the 
 King to gratify the said Eobert, and the better to sup- 
 port his son, granted that the said Eobert might give 
 him his Manor of Harwood, in Yorkshire, with other 
 lands to the annual value of 400 marks, during his life ; 
 but afterwards to return to the said Eobert and his heirs : 
 and some years after, his brother Eobert released to him 
 and his heirs all his right in the said manor, and in the 
 advowson of the church there. Being thus provided for, 
 he attended the King in his first voyage into France, by 
 way of Flanders, 13 Ed. III., A.D. 1340, and was in the 
 battle fought near Vironfosse. Two years after he went 
 into Aquitaine, in the King's service ; and in the year 
 ensuing he attended the King in Bretagne, while the 
 King foraged the country and laid siege to Dinant. 
 
 " For his good sen-ices done the King, he granted him a 
 pension of 200 per annum for his life, to support his dignity 
 of Bannaret, of which sum 120 was assigned from the Priory 
 of St. Neots at Stoke, next Clare, and 80 out of that of Eye, 
 these were afterwards changed for other benefits."* 
 
 In the 25 Ed. III., A.D. 1352, the King made him 
 Sheriff of the Counties of Cambridge and Hunting- 
 don, and granted him the custody of the Castle of 
 Cambridge for life. 
 
 * Ashmole's Order of the Garter, folio, 1672.
 
 34 LORDS OF HAKEWOOD. 
 
 He had by Maud his wife two sons, Sir Robert Lisle, 
 Lord of Rougemont and "Wilbraham in Cambridgeshire ; 
 and Sir William Lisle, Lord of Caineldon arid Shefford, 
 who died without issue. 
 
 In the Prince's expedition into Gascoigne, 29 Ed. III., 
 A.D. 1356, he attended him, and had command given him 
 of the main body of the army; but in the three days' 
 march into the enemies country, he was unfortunately hurt 
 with a bolt-shot from a cross-bow, of which he died the 
 14th of October in the same year, his son Robert being 
 then about 22 years of age. He gave certain lands, &c., 
 for religious uses, which are further particularized in the 
 history of the church. 
 
 30 Ed. III., 1357. Eex commisit Kob'to de Insula fil ' et 
 heredis Joh'is de Insula de Rubeo monte, def ' q' de K tenuit 
 in capite custodiam duas p'cium man'ii de Harwode cum p'tin 
 in com' Ebor q ; eth'end usq' ad legitimam setatem h'edis reddo 
 extentam, &c. Abbreviatio Eotulorum Originaliwn. 
 
 Sir William de Aldburgh became Lord of Harewood 
 Castle and Manor, A.D. 1365, by feoffinent of Robert, Lord 
 de Lisle, who died A.D. 1379. This concession is thus 
 alluded to in the Har. Mss. . 
 
 "Fines. A- 1 R, 2, 1377. Between William de Aldburgh 
 and Elizabeth his wife complaynants, and Robert de Insula 
 Lord of Rubeo monte defonnant; of the Manor of Harewood, 
 with the appurtenances, except one messuage, and one bobate 
 of land in Carleton. Elizabeth dead 1 R, Maud, wife of John 
 de Insula, Lord of Rubeo monte, holds in dower the above, of 
 the inheritance of the aforesaid Robert."
 
 LORDS OF HAREWOOD. 35 
 
 It appears that Sir William de Aldburgh paid his 
 brotlier-in-law Robert, the sum of 1000 for the manor 
 of Harewood, and its appurtenances, by command of the 
 King Edward III., in the 38th year of his reign, 1365 : 
 
 "Fines. Anno Edward III. Inter Will: de Aldburgh, 
 militem et Elizabeth uxorem ejus quasrent, et Eobertum de 
 Insula de Rubeo Monte, defor : de manerio de Harwood, &c. : 
 Habend: de eodem Will'mo de Aldburgh et Elizabeth et 
 heredibus ipsius Will'mi et pneterea idem Robertus concessit 
 quod tertia pars predict! manerii, quam Matilda qua? fuit uxor 
 Johannis de Insula de Eubeo inonte tenuit hi dotem de 
 hereditate prsedicte Roberti, die quo hffic concordia facta fuit, 
 rem predicto Will'mo et Elizabeth et heredibus ipsius Will'mi, 
 &c., et pro hac recognitione, deditione, concessione, fine et 
 concordia, iidem Will'mus et Elizabeth dederunt prsedicto 
 Eoberto, mille libras sterlingorum, et hsec concordia facta fuit 
 per preecepta ipsius Domini Regis." 
 
 " Issues. In the 38th year of Edward III , between William 
 de Aldburgh, Knt , and Elizabeth, his wife, plaintiffs ; and 
 Robert de Lisle of Rougemont, who keepeth the proper heir 
 out of his right by force, concerning the Manor of Harewood, 
 &c., to be held of the same William de Aldburgh, and Eliza- 
 beth, and the heirs of this William ; and moreover the same 
 Robert hath granted, that the third part of the aforesaid manor, 
 which Matilda, who was wife of John de Lisle of Rougemont, 
 held in dower of the inheritance of the aforesaid Robert, on 
 the day in which this agreement was made, should be held by 
 the afoi'esaid William and Elizabeth, and the heirs of the same 
 William, and for this acknowledgment, restoration, concession, 
 issue and agreement, the said William and Elizabeth have 
 given the aforesaid Robert, a thousand pounds sterling; and 
 this agreement was made by the commands of our Lord tbe 
 King."
 
 36 LORDS OF HAREWOOD. 
 
 Having thus become the possessor of the entire manor, 
 Sir William de Aldburgh seems to have made this place 
 his chief residence. He was the rehuilder of the castle, 
 in the history of which, further particulars respecting him 
 are given. 
 
 PEDIGREE OF THE DE LISLES AND THE 
 DE ALDBURGHS 
 
 Arms. De Lisle. Or. a fess between 2 chevronels sable. 
 
 Arms. De Aldburgh. Gules, a lion rampant, charged with a fleur de lis. 
 
 EGBERT DE INSULA, Lord Lisle, of Rubeomonte, in the County 
 of York, mar. Alicia Fitz Gerald, grand-daughter of Waryn 
 Fitz Gerald, and had issue: 
 
 ROBERT. 
 
 ROBERT, Lord Lisle, of Rougemonte, son and heir of Robert, 
 mar. Albreda, Lady of Settringham, hi the county of 
 York, and had issue : 
 WARINE. 
 Baldwyn de Lisle, had lands hi Chatteris by gift 
 
 of his brother. 
 
 WARINE, Lord Lisle, of Rougemonte, son and heir of Robert, 
 living 13 Ed. I., A.D. 1285, mar. Matilda d. and c. of 
 Robert de Mucegros, and had issue : 
 
 Margery.mar. 1 st, to Philip Lucian; 2nd, to Edmund 
 
 Pinkeney. 
 ROBERT. 
 
 Warine, Knt. Ban. at the battle of Streveling, 
 mar. Alice, sister and hen- of Henry, Lord 
 Tyes, of Chilton. 
 Gerard. 
 John. 
 Mary. 
 Joanna.
 
 LORDS OF HAREWOOD. 37 
 
 ROBERT, Lord Lisle, of Rougemonte, son and heir of Warine, 
 born A.D. 1292. Summoned to Parliament 9 Ed. II., 
 
 A.D. 1316. Mar. Margaret, daughter of , after whose 
 
 death he took upon him the hahit of a religious. He 
 had issue : 
 
 Robert de Insula, released all his manorial rights 
 
 to his brother John, 18 Ed III., A.D. 1345. 
 JOHN. 
 
 Alicia, St. Maur. 
 
 Elizabeth, Peverell. 
 
 George. 
 
 JOHN, Lord Lisle, of Rougemonte, Lord of Harewood, 24 Ed. 
 III., 1 351, one of the founders of the Order of the Garter, 
 mar. Matilda de Ferrers, had issue : 
 
 Elizabeth, mar. William de Aldburgh. 
 Robert, Lord Lisle, of Rougemonte, Lord of Hare- 
 wood, conceded the Castle and Manor of 
 Harewood to Sir William de Aldburgh and 
 Elizabeth his wife, by fine, 1365. 
 
 SIB WILLIAM DE ALDBURGH, Lord of Harewood, Baron Aldburgh, 
 seized of Harewood Castle and Manor, 1365, by feoffment 
 of Robert, Lord Lisle, mar. Elizabeth de Insula, had 
 issue : 
 
 Sybill, mar. Sir William Ryther, of Ryther Castle. 
 WILLIAM. 
 
 Elizabeth, mar. 1 st, Sir Bryan Stapylton, of Carleton, 
 Knt. ; 2nd, Sir Richard Redmayne, of Levens, 
 Knt. 
 
 WILLIAM ALDBURGH, Lord of Harewood, only son and heir of 
 Sir William, died 1392, buried in the Friars Preachers at 
 York. He had married Margeria, daughter of Thomas 
 Sutton, of Sutton in Holdemess. No issue.
 
 38 LORDS OF HAKEWOOD. 
 
 THE EEDMANS AND EITHEES. 
 
 On the death of William, the only son of Sir William 
 de Aldburgh, without issue, his two sisters became the 
 possessors of the Castle and Manor of Harewood. The 
 elder one, Sybil, married Sir William Eyther, Knt., of 
 Ryther Castle, near Tadcaster; and the younger one, 
 Elizabeth, married, 1st, Sir Bryan Stapylton, of Carlton, in 
 the County of York; and 2nd, Sir Eichard Eedmayne, of 
 Eedman and Levens, in the County of Westmoreland. 
 The following extracts from the Har: Mss., vol. 802, refer 
 to these joint heiresses. 
 
 "Fines. 14 E. II.," A.D. 1391. Elizabeth, late wife of 
 Bryan Stapylton, Knt , junr., and William de Ryther, Knt,, 
 and Sybil his wife, another of the systors and heires of Wil- 
 liam de Aldburgh deceased, gave Cr. for ye manor of 
 Harwood, Lofthouse, Stobhouse, Hoby, Weton, Eigton in 
 the Forest, Est Keswyk, Dunkeswike, Helthwayte, Wardeley, 
 Stoketon, which are all of the manor of Harwood, in the county 
 of York." 
 
 "Fines. 16 E. II., A.D., 1393. Between Eobert Constable, 
 of Flamborough, Knt., and Peter Tilly, Knt., comp lts -> and 
 William de Eyther and Sybil his wife, and Elizabeth late wife of 
 Bryan Stapylton, Knt., defor*- ; of 40 marks real giving out of 
 the mannor of Harwode and Kereby, \vith the appurtenances, 
 and of 60 messuages, 20 tofts, 100 acres of meadow, 1000 acres 
 of pasture, with the appurtenances in Harwode, Kereby, Est 
 Keswyk, and Kirkby Overblows." 
 
 The husbands of both these ladies died in the reign of 
 Henry VI. , and are interred in Harewood Church. The
 
 LOEDS OF HAREWOOD. 39 
 
 descendants of these two families appear to have held the 
 estates for several generations, in undivided moieties; the 
 Redmans for seven descents, the Rithers for nine. Both 
 were important and ancient families, distinguished in the 
 county for wealth and position, occupying the castle al- 
 ternately, or prohably together, and keeping their mano- 
 rial possessions whole and undivided. 
 
 The following account of the Redman family is taken 
 from a document drawn up by a lineal descendant. 
 
 Radman or Radnight was the name given to feudal 
 vassals, who were attendant on horseback, solely to attend 
 upon the Lord and wait upon him. They were a species 
 of cavalry body-guard, and in Saxon times they were cal- 
 led Radnights, and in later times Retainers. The crest 
 of this family has evident reference to this. 
 
 With respect to the origin of this, some are of opinion 
 that, notwithstanding these are now termed cushions, they 
 are in reality pillows, and given to the first bearer on the 
 following occasion. Being challenged to combat by a 
 stranger, and time and place appointed as usual, this man 
 was so intent upon the performance, that, coming very 
 early to the place, and his adversary not arrived, he fell 
 asleep in the tent ; at last the hour being come, the noise 
 of the trumpets sounded to the battle, whereupon waking 
 suddenly, he ran furiously upon his antagonist and slew 
 him. 
 
 The Radnians, Redmans, Rodmans, Redmaynes, or 
 Redmunds, are an ancient family of Westmoreland and 
 Yorkshire : branches of them being also found in Wor-
 
 40 LORDS OF HAREWOOD. 
 
 \ 
 
 cester, Herefordshire, Cumberland, Lancashire, and 
 several other counties. In Cumberland a township is 
 named after them, being called Kedmain, and now form- 
 ing a joint township with Isall. Radman, Redman, and 
 Rodman are the same family or name, and was before the 
 doomsday book in some cases spelled Redmund; as for 
 instance, it is therein stated, page 331, that Rodmund, of 
 Yorkshire, held lands immediately from William the Con- 
 queror, and also that previous to the domseday book 
 survey, Redmund, of Worcestershire, held large posses- 
 sions there, as did the Redmans in Herefordshire. (Sec 
 index to the domesday book, by Sir Henry Ellis, pub. 1833.^ 
 Members of this family are to be found at different 
 times amongst the highest dignitaries of the Church, 
 others represented Counties in Parliament, one being 
 elected Speaker of the House of Commons, others served 
 with distinction in the Army, and many as possessing the 
 confidence of their Sovereign. The following are among 
 the most important members of this extensive family. 
 
 Norman de Redman, of Westmoreland, died in the 
 year 1150. 
 
 William de Redman, of Allendale, below Derwent, 
 eldest son of Norman, died in the year 1160. 
 
 William de Redman left an only daughter, an heiress, 
 Helen, who was married by King Richard I., to Gilbert 
 Fitz Reinfide in 1194. This Gilbert was also a favourite 
 of King John, had the custody of Lancaster, and was 
 Sheriff of the County from the 7th to the 17th of that 
 King's reign, viz : 1206-1216. Gilbert was unfaithful to 
 his patron and joined the rebellious barons, but William,
 
 LOEDS OF HAEEWOOD. 41 
 
 his son, usually called William de Lancaster the third, 
 having been taken prisoner in Rochester Castle, in 1215, 
 reduced the father to accept King John's terms, in con- 
 sequence of which he was compelled to pay for his son's 
 ransom, and that of Ralph Deincourt and Lambert de 
 Brees, his esquires, 1200 marks. This shews the con- 
 nexion of the family of Lancaster. 
 
 Benedict, son and heir of Henry de Redman, from 
 whom is named the town of Zealand Redman, in Lan- 
 cashire, was one of the hostages. 
 
 Henry de Redman, of Upper and Lower Levens, 
 second son of Norman, a military officer, died between 
 1212 and 1216. 
 
 Among the High Sheriffs of the County of York, 
 Henricus Rademan is mentioned pro quatuor an: 12 
 year of John, 1211. 
 
 John de Redman, third son of Norman, died 1170. 
 
 Sir Matthew Redman, brother of Norman, died 1185, 
 at Northampton. 
 
 Sir Matthew Redman, of Northumberland, a military 
 officer, born 1170, died 1230. His banner in the camp 
 of Henry III. was mentioned as being gules, three 
 cushions ermine. 
 
 Norman de Redman, son of John de Redman, a mili- 
 tary officer, died 1212. 
 
 Benedict Redman, eldest son of Henry de Redman, 
 died 1230. He was one of the hostages for the future 
 fidelity of Gilbert, son of Roger de Runfred, and was 
 M.P. for Westmoreland in 1219.
 
 42 LORDS OP HAREWOOD. v 
 
 Elizabeth Redman, daughter of Robert Redman, mar- 
 ried Marmaduke Thwenge, of Kilton Castle, Yorkshire. 
 
 James Redman, youngest son of Henry, brother of 
 Benedict, died 1260. 
 
 Jane Redman, daughter of James, married about 1280. 
 
 "William, eldest son of Sir John de Ffaryngton, of Shaw 
 Hall, Lancashire. 
 
 Matthew de Redman, elected M.P. for the county of 
 Lancaster, to meet the Parliament at Westminster, 13 
 Nov. 1295, 23 Ed. I. He was, with many others, sum- 
 moned to appear with horses and arms at a military 
 council before Edward, the King's son and Lieutenant in 
 England, at London, in eight days of St. Michael, 6 Oct. 
 1297, 25 Ed. I. He was discharged from attendance at 
 this council and enjoined to proceed forthwith to join the 
 forces under Johannes de Warenna, Earl of Surrey and 
 Sussex, 24 Sept. 1297, 25 Ed. I. In 1307 he was further 
 discharged from attending the Parliament at Northampton 
 on the Quinzaine of St Michael, 13 Oct., to which he had 
 been summoned, and commanded to repair to the Scottish 
 marches, for the defence thereof. In 1307 returned M.P. 
 for Lancaster, on the Quinzaine of St. Michael ; one of the 
 conservators of the peace in the county of Westmoreland, 
 with special powers for preventing tortious prizes. In 
 1308 specially appointed and empowered to take the com- 
 mand of the forces of the county of Lancaster. Muster 
 at Carlisle on the 8th October, for the purpose of resisting 
 the incursions of Robert Bruce. In 1313 he obtains a 
 pardon as an adherent of the Earl of Lancaster, for his 
 participation in the death of Gaveston, the favourite of 
 Edward II., and the disturbances occasioned thereby.
 
 LOPJ3S OF HAEEWOOD. 43 
 
 Simon de Eeclman, Knight of the Shire for Westmore- 
 land, 10 May, 1313. 
 
 Matthew Eedman, son of Nornian, rector of Sheen in 
 Surrey, July, 1324. 
 
 John de Eedman, son of Matthew de Eedman, died 1380. 
 Amongst the prelates, counts, barons, chevaliers, and 
 esquires summoned, 2 Hen. IV., 1401, to a council at 
 "Westminster, on the 15th August, occurs the name of 
 Eichard Eedeman, as one of the 12 from the county of 
 York. 
 
 John de Eedman, son of the ahove, is mentioned as 
 having, in the 9th year of Henry IV., been one of the 
 jurors on the inquisition post mortem of John Parr, 
 Knight, in 1408. 
 
 James de Eedman, brother of John, was one of the 
 jurors in the 13th Henry IV., A.D. 1412, on Ingelman de 
 Coney. 
 
 Eichard de Eedman, son of Matthew de Eedman, 
 represented the county of Westmoreland, in the 20 Henry 
 VI., A.D. 1442, and married the daughter of Thomas 
 Middleton, of Middleton Hall. 
 
 Eichard de Eedman, son of Eichard, was knighted by 
 Ed. V. in 1483. He had a son Matthew, and the latter a 
 son Eichard, and Eichard a son William, who died without 
 male issue, and whose heir was his youngest brother, 
 Edward, then of the age of 27 years. This Edward 
 appears to have been living in the reign of Henry VII., 
 for in the fourth year of that King, certain lands were 
 held in Lupton from him. He was the last of the 
 Eedmans who resided at Leveris, the family seat.
 
 44 LORDS OF HAREWOOD. 
 
 Sir Richard Redman, Knt,, son of John de Redman, 
 of Cumberland and Yorkshire, married Elizabeth, co- 
 heiress of Sir William de Aldburgh, of Harewood Castle. 
 He died in 1423, and was interred in Harewood Church, 
 where a splendid recumbent monument perpetuates his 
 memory. 
 
 Richard Redman, son of Sir John de Redman, of 
 Yorkshire, born A.D. 1370; died A.D. 1430; M.P. for the 
 county of Yorkshire, and Speaker of the House of Com- 
 mons in A.D. 1415. Viscount and High Sheriff of York, 
 A.D. 1403 and 1415. 
 
 Sir Richard de Redman, Knt., of Harewood and 
 Northumberland, born 1410, died 1483. His daughter, 
 Ann, was grandmother to John, General Lambert, the 
 celebrated parliamentarian commander. 
 
 "William Redman, Esq., son and heir of Sir Richard 
 Redman, Knt., acknowledged that he held the moiety of 
 the manor of Harewood, 17 Ed. IV., A.D. 1478. 
 
 Edward Redmayne sues Sir William Scargill, Knt., 
 and others, the King's commissioners, the claim being 
 for lands and tenements in Harewood manor and castle, 
 5 Hen. VII., 1490. 
 
 Walter Redman, D.D., of Harewood, born A.D. 1425 ; 
 died A.D. 1508. Rector of All Saints, Norfolk, 5 July, 
 A.D. 1449, resigned 21 Dec., 1504. 
 
 * John Redman, D.D., died 1551, buried in the north 
 aisle of Westminster Abbey. Master of Trinity College, 
 
 Called "Richard" both by Whitaker and Dr. Hook. Ecc. Blog.
 
 LORDS OF HAHEWOOD. 45 
 
 Cambridge, said to have been one of the most learned 
 divines of his time. He studied at Corpus Christi 
 College, Oxford, under the first president, John Claymand. 
 From Oxford he went to Paris, and continued there until 
 he became of age, he then returned and fixed himself in 
 St John's College, Cambridge ; he became master of 
 King's Hall, which he resigned in 1547, and was afterwards 
 appointed first master of Trinity College. His other 
 preferments were Archdeacon of Taunton, and Prebendary 
 of Wells and Westminster, in the College of which 
 Cathedral he died, A.D. 1551, aged 52. He was a mem- 
 ber of convocation, and assisted in compiling the first 
 prayer book of Edward VI., published in 1549. 
 
 PEDIGREE OF REDMAN, OF HAREWOOD. 
 
 Arms- Gules, three cushions, pendant at the comers ; ermine, buttoned 
 and tasselled, or. 
 
 SIR RICHARD REDMAN, Knt., son of John de Redman. He 
 was Sheriff of York, 4 and 5 Hen. IV., and 3 Hen. V., 
 A.D. 1403, 1404, 1415. He married 1st, 12 Rich. II., 
 13?9, Elizabeth, d. and c. of Sir William Aldburgh, of 
 Harewood Castle, widow of Sir Bryan Stapylton, Knt. ; 
 2nd, Elizabeth, d. of Sir William Gascoigne, of Gawthorpe. 
 In 1407, he obtained a charter for a fair and free warren 
 in Harewood. By his first wife he had issue : 
 
 SIR MATTHEW. 
 
 Richard. 
 SIR MATTHEW REDMAN, of Levens, Knt., son and heir, Lord 
 
 of a moiety of Harewood, mar. and bad 
 
 issue : 
 
 William, died without issue. 
 
 EDWARD. 
 
 G
 
 46 LORDS OF HAEEWOOD. 
 
 EDWARD REDMAYNE, second son, and heir to his brother, aged 
 27 years, A.D. 1481, and died about 1515. He married 
 Elizabeth, d. of Huddleston, of Millum Castle, Cumber- 
 land, widow of Sir Leghe, of Isell, in Cumberland, 
 Knt., and had issue: 
 HENRY. 
 Richard. 
 
 Ellen, died young. 
 
 HENRY REDMAYNE, eldest son and heir, mar. Alice, daughter of 
 Roger Pilkington, Esq., and had issue: 
 
 Johanna, only issue, aged 5 years, AD. 1525, mar. 
 
 Marmaduke Gascoigne, of Caley Hall. 
 
 RICHARD REDMAYNE, Esq., heir male to his brother, died 1547. 
 He married Elizabeth, daughter of William Gascoigne, 
 and widow of Robert Ryther, Esq. ; and Sndly, Dorothy, 
 daughter of Thomas Layton, of Delamayne, in the county 
 of Westmoreland, by whom he had issue : 
 MATTHEW. 
 William. 
 Francis, a Priest. 
 Cuthbert. 
 Richard. 
 
 Elizabeth, mar. 1 st, Laurence Lindley, of Leathley , 
 Esq. ; 2nd, Mr. Thomas Lindley, of Dean 
 Grange, Horsforth. 
 
 Anne, married John Lambert, of Calton, Esq. 
 Mary, married Thomas Gargrave, of Bolton in 
 
 Craven, Gent. 
 
 Maud, married Chr. Irton, of Irton, Esq. 
 Grace, married Richard Travers, of Netby, Gent. 
 MATTHEW REDMAN, of Harewood, Esq., s. and h. of Richard, 
 mar. Elizabeth, d. of Sir William Gascoigne, of Gawthorp, 
 Knt., widow of Robert Ryther, Esq , but died without 
 issue. 
 
 This Matthew, 2 Ed. VI., 1549, gave to the King's Escheator 
 the following account of his estate : 
 
 The manor of Levens, with lands in Malynghall, Hind 
 Castle, Birthwaite, and Kirby, in Kendal, in Westmoreland,
 
 LORDS OF HAEEWOOD. 47 
 
 which he held of the King by knight's service. A moiety of 
 the manor of Harewood and the castle there, lands in Selside, 
 Layton, Keswick, and Carleton in Yorkshire, which he held of 
 the King in capite. 
 
 PEDIGEEE OF THE RYTHERS, OF RYTHER 
 CASTLE, NEAR SELBY. 
 
 Arms. Az 3 crescents, or. 
 
 WILLIAM EYTHER, of Kyther, Esq., mar. Eleanor, d. of John 
 Fitzwilliams, of Sprotsborough, Esq. In 28 Ed. I., 1300, 
 he had a grant of free warren in Kyther, Dunholme, and 
 Thornton; in 32 Ed. I., 1304, also in Scarcroft, Horinton, 
 and Gildersome. He had issue : 
 EOBEBT. 
 
 ROBERT EYTHER, of Eyther, Esq., s. and h. of William, mar. 
 
 , d. of , and had issue: 
 
 EGBERT. 
 
 EGBERT EYTHER, of Eyther, Esq., s. and h. of Eobert, mar. 
 
 , d. of , and had issue: 
 
 EGBERT. 
 
 EGBERT EYTHER, of Eyther, Esq., s. and h. of Eobert, mar. 
 Anne, d. and h. of Sir William Tunstall, of Holderness, 
 Knt. Abp. Thoresby ordered his receiver to pay to Eobert 
 Eyther, Lord of Eyther, twenty pound sterling, being the 
 price of 24 oaks, bought of him, for the use of the fabric, 
 York Minster, 5th April, 1362. He had issue: 
 SIR WILLIAM. 
 
 SIR WILLIAM EYTHER, of Eyther, Knt., s. and h. of Eobert, 
 mar. Sybill, d. of Sir William Aldburgh, Knt., of Hare- 
 wood Castle. He was Sheriff 5, 9, 13, and 17th years of 
 Henry VI., 1427, 1431, 1435, 1439. In 1445 he got a 
 market, fair, and free warren at Harewood, by patent. He 
 had issue:
 
 J8 LORDS OF HAREWOOD. 
 
 SIR WILLIAM. 
 
 Sybill, mar. Sir Robert Bapthorpe, of Bapthorpe, 
 
 Knt. 
 Isabella, mar. John Thwaites, a celebrated Lawyer, 
 
 buried in Harewood Church. 
 
 SIR WILLIAM EYTHER, of Kyther, Knt., s. and h of Sir Wil- 
 liam, mar. Constance, d. of Sir Ralph Bygod, of Setter- 
 ington, Knt., and was High Sheriff, A.D. 1478. He had 
 issue : 
 
 SIR WILLIAM. 
 Gilbert, died s. p. 
 
 SIR WILLIAM KYTHER, of Kyther, Knt., s. and h. of Sir William, 
 mar. Lucy, d. of Sir William Fitzwilliams, of Maplethorpe, 
 in Lincolnshire, Knt., and had issue: 
 SIR ROBERT. 
 Sir Kalph. 
 
 Thomas, sewer to King Ed. IV. 
 Nicholas, of Scarcroft. 
 Oliver, mar. Anne, d. of William Hungate, of 
 
 Saxton, Esq. 
 
 SIR ROBERT RYTHER, of Ryther, Knt., s. and h. of Sir William, 
 mar. Isabel, d. of Sir William Gascoigne, of Gawthorpe, 
 Knt. He was Sheriff 1487, and had issue: 
 
 Maud, mar. Sir John Neville, of Liversedge, Knt. 
 
 SIR RALPH RYTHER, of Ryther, Knt , b. and h. male of Sir 
 
 Robert, married two wives: 1st, Katherine, d. of Sir 
 
 Robert Constable, of Flamborough ; and 2ndly, Maud, d. 
 
 of Henry Percy, Earl of Northumberland. He was High 
 
 Sheriff 1504. Died, 2nd April, 1520, buried at Ryther. 
 
 Issue by his 1st wife: Eleanor, mar. John Aske, of Aughton, 
 
 co. York, Esq. 
 
 ROBERT, eldest son and heir apparent. 
 Thomas, mar. Agnes, d. of Lord Scrope, of Bolton, 
 
 died s. p. 
 Issue by his 2nd wife: Elizabeth, mar. James Acklam, of 
 
 Moorby, died s. p. 
 
 Henry, mar. Agnes, d. of John, Lord Hussey, 
 died s. p.
 
 LORDS OF HAREWOOD. 49 
 
 ROBERT RYTHER, of Ryther, Esq., s. and h. of Sir Ralph, mar. 
 Elizabeth, d. of Sir William Gascoigne, of Gawthorp, 
 Knt., but died without issue. So the estate devolved to 
 John Aske, Esq , their sister's husband. This said 
 Elizabeth survived and mar. 2nd, Matthew Redman, of 
 Harewood Castle, Esq,, but died issueless. 
 WILLIAM RYTHER, of Canterbury, cousin to Robert Ryther, 
 esquire of the body to Queen Mary, succeeded to the 
 estates on the death of his cousin, Henry. He mar. 
 Mary, d. of Chief Justice Hales, and had issue: 
 
 JAMES. 
 
 JAMES, only issue and heir, succeeded his father, bom 1534, 
 esquire to Queen Elizabeth, and friend of Lord Burghley. 
 He mar. Elizabeth, d. of William Atherton, Esq., of 
 Harewood, and had issue : 
 
 Edith. 
 
 Mary. 
 
 Anne 
 
 ROBERT. 
 
 Helen, living 1585. 
 
 Muriel, living ] 585. 
 
 Thomas, bom after 1585, living 1634. 
 
 ROBERT RYTHER, of Harewood Castle, eldest son and h. In 
 1634 he had retired from Harewood Castle, and taken. up 
 his residence at Belton, in the Isle of Axholme, in right 
 of his third wife. Buried at Belton, 1 637. He was mar- 
 ried three times; 1st, to .Mary, d. of Sir Robert Swyfte, 
 of Rotherham, and sole heir of her brother, Sir Edward 
 Swyfte, Knt., divorced, died without issue, 1632; 2nd, to 
 Eleanor, d. and h. of W. Oglethorp, of Rounsby, co. 
 York, widow of Henry Saville, son and heir apparent of 
 John, Lord Saville, of Pontefract, died without issue ; and 
 3rd, to Eleanor, d. and h. of Thomas Browne, of Belton, 
 by whom he had issue: 
 
 Anne, mar. 1. Captain Ormsby. 
 
 2. Robert Medley, of the Isle of 
 
 Axholme, Gent. 
 
 3. Robert Ayscoghe, of East Lound, 
 
 Lincoln.
 
 50 LORDS OF IIAREWOOD. 
 
 EGBERT. 
 
 Elizabeth, mar. 1 , Thomas Elwick, of Belton, Esq., 
 
 about 1656. 
 2, George Gylby, of Belton, Esq., 
 
 buried 1685 
 Mary, mar. Thomas Parkinson, of Burkingham, 
 
 living 1709. 
 
 ROBERT EY.THER, of Belton, Esq., s. and h., born 1631, died 
 1693, buried at Belton, mar. Margaret, d. and h. of the 
 Eev. Campion, Eector of Eslington, Lincoln, and had 
 issue: 
 
 Penelope. 
 
 Elizabeth. 
 
 Baptist, died s. p. 1690. 
 
 Sarah, mar. Pasco Eobinson, of Belton, Esq. 
 
 EGBERT. 
 
 EGBERT EYTHER, of Belton, Esq. , s. and h. , mar , d of , 
 
 and had issue : 
 
 Catherine, mar. Robert Popplewell, Esq , of 
 
 Epworth. 
 EGBERT. 
 
 John, buried at Belton, 1670. 
 Eebecca, mar. Edward Hartopp, of London, Esq. 
 Mary, died unmarried, 1674, at Belton. 
 Susanna, mar. Lascells, Esq., of Crowle. 
 EGBERT EYTHER, of Belton, Esq , eldest son and heir. He 
 was sometime Counsellor-at-Law, and died without issue 
 at Belton, 1695. By his will dated 12 Nov., 1694, and 
 proved 27 May, 1 696, he devised and settled his estates 
 upon his 6th cousin, John Ryther, of Scarcroft, in co. of 
 York, Esq , upon failure of his own issue, and assigns as 
 a reason therefore, " to preserve the lands in our ancient 
 family, which is now very inconsiderable, in comparison 
 of the great estates heretofore enjoyed, in the counties of 
 York, Lincoln, and elsewhere, by our extravagant an- 
 cestors."
 
 LOKDS OF HAREWOOD. 51 
 
 PEDIGEEE OF RYTHEE, OF SCARCROFT. 
 
 NICHOLAS RYTHEB, of Scarcroft, in Skiracke wapentake. 4th 
 son of Sir William Eyther, mar. Margaret, d. of Henry, 
 Lord Scroop, of Bolton, about 1 Eliz., A.D, 1558, and had 
 issue : 
 
 JOHN. 
 
 JOHN EYTIIER, of Scarcroft, s. and h. of Nicholas, mar. Frances, 
 d. of Sir William Vavasour, of Hazlewood, Knt., had 
 issue : 
 
 HENBY. 
 
 HENRY EYTHER, of Scarcroft, s. and h. of John, mar. Ann, d. 
 of Edmund Clough, Esq., had issue: 
 
 JOHN. 
 
 Eichavd, mar , d. of Mr. Blakeston. 
 
 Frances, mar. Mr. Henry Eawlins, of London. 
 
 Anne, mar. Mr. Christopher Favell. 
 
 JOHN EYTHEE, of Scarcroft, Esq., s. and h. of Henry, mar. 
 Ursula, d. of Sir Eobert Doleman, of Badsworth, Knt., 
 and had issue : 
 
 JOHN. 
 
 Eobert. 
 JOHN EYTHER, of Scarcroft, Esq., s. and h. of John, mar. Mary, 
 
 d. of Philip Langdale, Esq., and had issue : 
 
 JOHN. 
 
 Thomas. 
 
 Eobert, died young. 
 
 Henry. 
 
 Mary. 
 
 JOHN EYTHER, of Scarcroft, Esq., s. andh. of John, mar. Mary, 
 d. and co-heiress of ...... Appleby, of Lin ton upon Ouse, 
 
 Esq., and had issue: 
 
 Hugh, bom in 1699.
 
 LORDS OF HAREWOOD. 
 
 THE GASCOIGNES. 
 
 The possession of tlie manor and castle of Harewood, 
 (that is, of the moieties both of the Redmans and the Ri- 
 thers) \>y tlie Gascoignes, of Gawthorp, is involved in 
 some little obscurity. 
 
 "Whitaker says "how or when the property of tlie Red- 
 maynes tenninated at Harewood, is uncertain. Henry 
 Redmayne, however, had a daughter and heir, Johanna, 
 married to Marmaduke, fourth son of Sir William Gas- 
 coigne, and, if the estate were unentailed, one moiety of 
 the manor of Harewood may have accrued to the Gas- 
 coignes by that match. If otherwise, it may have been 
 sold to them by Matthew Redmayne, who also married a 
 Gascoigne. The moiety of tlie Rytliers must have been 
 purchased b}- Gascoigne." 
 
 The three families, the Gascoignes, the Redmans, and 
 the Rithers, possessing adjoining estates, and being neigh- 
 bours, frequently intermarried, as will be seen by refer- 
 ence to tlie Gascoigne pedigree. The union of Gawthorp 
 with Harewood also, has never been distinctly accounted 
 for. Gawthorp being in the township of Harewood, and 
 never enumerated among the niesne manors, dependent 
 upon the honour, does not appear to have been a manor 
 at all. But it gave name and residence to a family, whose 
 heiress brought it to tlie Gascoignes, in which name it 
 continued, till another heiress carried it into tlie name of 
 "Wentworth. This lady was mother of Sir Thomas Went- 
 worth, father of the Earl of Strafford.
 
 LORDS OF HAREWOOD. 53 
 
 But she brought with her, not the estate and mansion of 
 Gawthorpe only, but, the castle and honour of Harewood, 
 with all its dependencies. Yet the male line of the Rithers 
 was then surviving. It remains then to ascertain, by 
 what means, it had been transfered. 
 
 The Gascoignes appear to have been a prudent and 
 thriving family; the Rithers the reverse; and by the na- 
 tural effects of such conduct, the vassal (as in many other 
 instances) supplanted the lord. The last of the Gas- 
 coignes, of Gawthorp, lived about the latter end of Eliz- 
 abeth's reign, and the former part of James. Robert 
 Ryther, last of the name who inhabited Harewood, ap- 
 pears, from an inquisition, to have been aged 21 j^ears, 
 Anno 38 Elizabeth. He died in 1637.
 
 54 
 
 LORDS OF HABEWOOD. 
 
 PEDIGREE OF GASCOIGNE, OF GAWTHORP. 
 
 Argent, on a pale sable, a demy luce or. 
 
 WILLIAM GASCOIGNE, mar 
 
 WILLIAM GASCOIGNE, mar 
 
 WILLIAM GASCOIGNE, mar 
 
 WILLIAM GASCOIGNE, mar 
 
 WILLIAM GASCOIGNE, of Harwood, s. and h. of William, mar- 
 ried Elizabeth, d. and h. of William Bolton. 
 WILLIAM GASCOIGNE, of Harwood, s. and h. of William, mar- 
 ried Matilda, d. and co-heir of John de Gawkethorp. 
 WILLIAM GASCOIGNE, of Gawthorp, s. and h. of William, mar- 
 ried Agnes, d. and h. of Mr. Nicholas Franke, and had 
 issue : 
 
 SIR WILLIAM, Chief Justice of England. 
 Nicholas, of Lazingcroft, married Mary, d. of Sir 
 
 Hugh Cliderhow. 
 
 Richard, of Hunslet, ob. 1 422, married Beatrix, d. 
 and c. of Henry Ellis, Esq.
 
 LORDS OF HAREWOOD. 55 
 
 Thomas. 
 John, a clerk. 
 
 Anne, married to Sir Robt. Constable, of Flam- 
 borough, Knt. 
 
 Elizabeth, married to John Aske, Esq., of Aughton. 
 * SIR WILLIAM GASCOIGNE, Chief Justice of England, s. and 
 h of William, married 1st, Elizabeth, d. and c. of Sir 
 Alexander Mowbray, of Kirklington, in the county of York, 
 Knt. By her he had issue: 
 SIR WILLIAM. 
 
 Daughter, married to Mr. Stapyleton. 
 Daughter, married to Mr. Missyne. 
 
 He married 2ndly, Joan, d. of Sir William Pickering, Knt., 
 widow and relict of Sir Ralph Greystock, Baron of the 
 Exchequer. By her he had issue : 
 
 James, married to Jane, d. and h. of Baldwyne 
 Pigott, of Cardington, in the county of Bed- 
 ford. 
 
 Margaret, married to Mr. Thomas Ardem, of 
 Morton, near Bridlington, who died 36 Hen. 
 VI., 1458. 
 
 SIR WILLIAM GASCOIGNE, of Gawthorp, s. and h. of Sir William 
 Gascoigne, Knt., and Ch. Jus., married Jane, d. and h. 
 of Sir Henry Wyman, Knt., and had issue : 
 SIR WILLIAM. 
 Henry, of Micklefield, married Margaret, d. of 
 
 John Bolton, Esq. 
 
 Alice, married to Sir John Saville, Knt. 
 Isabel, married to Sir William Ryther, Knt. 
 Ann, married to Sir Thomas Langton, Knt. 
 Elizabeth, married to Sir Richard Redman, Knt. 
 Katherine, married 1st, to Sir Edward Ffalcon- 
 bridge, and Sndly, to Richard Wastneiss, Esq. 
 SIR WILLIAM GASCOIGNE, of Gawthorp, s. and h. of Sir William, 
 was High Sheriff of Yorkshire, 20 H. VI., 1442, married 
 Margarett, d. of Thomas Clarell, of Aldewarke, Esq., 
 
 * Further particulars are given in the Life.
 
 56 LORDS OF HABEWOOD. 
 
 widow and relict of Sir Eichard Fitzwilliam, Knt., and 
 had issue : 
 
 SIR WILLIAM. 
 
 Kafe, of Barnby, married Alice, d. and h. of Mr. 
 
 John Eouthe. 
 Robert, of Manston, married Ellen, d. and h. of 
 
 Mr. Henry Manston. 
 
 John, of Thorpe-on-the-Hill, married Elizabeth, d. 
 and h. of Sir Thomas Swillington, of Thorpe, 
 Knt. 
 
 Jane, married to Sir Henry Vavasour, Knt. 
 Anne, married to Sir Hugh Hastings, Knt. 
 
 married Sir Win. Dransfield, Knt. 
 
 Margarett, married to Sir Wm. Skargill, Knt. 
 
 married to Hammond Sutton, Esq. 
 
 SIB WM. GASCOIGNE, of Gawthorpe, s. and h. of Sir William, 
 married Elizabeth, d. and h. of Sir John Neville, of 
 Oversby, Knt., and Elizabeth his wife, d. and h. of Sir 
 Robert Newmarch, Knt., and had issue: 
 SIR WILLIAM. 
 John, a Priest. 
 Anne, married to Sir Robert Plompton, of Plomp- 
 
 ton, Knt. 
 Margarett, married to Sir Christopher Ward, Knt. 
 
 In 14 H. VI., 1435-6, Sir William Gascoigne, John Gas- 
 coigne, Sir William Plompton, and others, were commissioners 
 to array men-at-arms, hoblers, and archers, hi the West-Riding 
 of Yorkshire, and to send them to the sea-coast to repel the 
 threatened invasion ; also to make muster of the said troops, 
 and to place signals, called "Bekyns," in accustomed and con- 
 venient places, to warn the people of the approach of the 
 enemy. 
 
 SIR WILLIAM GASCOIGNE, of Gawthorpe, s. and h. of Sir 
 William, married Margarett, d. of Henry Percy, 3 Earl 
 of Northumberland of that name. He had the custody 
 of Knaresbro' Castle, under the Earl of Northumberland. 
 and had issue
 
 LORDS OF HAREWOOD. 57 
 
 SIB WILLIAM. 
 
 Sir Henry, of Sudberry, married Isabell, d. and h. 
 
 of Sir Henry Boynton, of Sudberry, Knt. 
 Marmaduke, of Caley Hall, near Otley, married to 
 Joanna, d. of Henry Kedman, Esq., of 
 Harwood Castle. 
 
 Elizabeth, married to George, Lord Latimer. 
 Margarett, married to Eafe, Lord Ogle. 
 Jane, married to Sir Thomas Fairfax, Knt. 
 Anne, married to Sir Ninyan Markingfield, Knt. 
 Eleanor, \ 
 
 Maude, hall died unmarried 
 Johanna, > 
 
 SIB WILLIAM GASCOIGKE, of Gawthorpe, s. and h. of Sir 
 William, married 1st, Alice, d. of Sir Richard Froynell, 
 Knt , and had issue : 
 SIB WILLIAM. 
 John, of Weldale. 
 Margarett, married to Sir Thomas Middleton, of 
 
 Stockeld, Knt. 
 
 Elizabeth, married 1st, to Robert Rithcr, Esq.; 
 Sndly, to Richard Redman, Esq., the heirs to 
 both moieties of the manor of Harewood, but 
 had no issue. 
 
 PTe married Sndly, *Margarett, daughter of Richard, Lord 
 Latimer, by her he had issue: 
 John 
 
 Agnes, married to Sir Robert Constable, of Flam- 
 borough, Knt. 
 
 SIB WILLIAM GASCOIGNE, of Gawthorpe, s. and h. of Sir Wil- 
 liam, married Margarett, d. of Sir Thomas Fitzwilliam, 
 Knt., and Lady Lucy, his wife, d. and c. of John, Marquis 
 Montacute, and had issue : 
 WILLIAM. 
 
 * Robert Plompton, the eldest son of an esquire of no mean degree, sought 
 to be admitted among the household servants of this lady. Plomptw 
 Correspondence.
 
 58 LORDS OF HAREWOOD. 
 
 Francis, married 1st, Anne, d. of Sir William 
 Vavasour, Knt; and 2ndly, Alice, d. of Martin 
 Arm, Esq. 
 Thomas, married to Jane, d. of Thomas Reresby, 
 
 Esq. 
 
 Barbara, married to Leonard West, Esq. 
 Bridgett, married to Matthew Redman, Esq. 
 Dorothy, married to Richard Thimelby, Esq. 
 WILLIAM GASCOIGNE, Esq., of Gawthorpe, s. and heir of Sir 
 W T illiam, married Beatrix, d. of Sir Richard Tempest, of 
 Bowling, Knt , and had issue : 
 William, ^ 
 
 Richard, ... 
 
 all died voung without issue. 
 Thomas, 
 
 Francis, 
 
 Margarett, sole heir, married to Thomas Went- 
 
 worth, Esq., who had issue: 
 William, father of the Earl of Stratford. 
 Elizabeth, married to Sir Thomas Danby, Knt. 
 Margarett, married to Michael Darcy, Esq., s and 
 
 h. of Lord Darcy. 
 Katherine, married to Thomas Gargrave, of Nostell, 
 
 Esq. 
 Barbara, died young. 
 
 THE GASCOIGNES. 
 
 Camden says "that this family descended out of Gas- 
 coigne in France," while in the Har: Mss. 4630, it is 
 stated "that this Family of Gascoignes derive themselves 
 from one Ailrichus, a Saxon, who was banished by the 
 Conqueror," and who is alluded to by Camden, 695 D. 
 Very little is known about the Gascoignes previous to 
 the marriage of William Gascoigne with the heiress of
 
 LORDS OF HAREWOOD. 59 
 
 Gawthorpe, about the reign of Stephen, 1135. "William, 
 his father, is styled of Harwood, with what propriety, 
 however, is uncertain, as the above marriage gave them 
 their first establishment at this place. A long list of im- 
 portant families has sprung from the Gascoignes, of Gaw- 
 thorp, the principal of which are the following: 
 
 GASCOIGNES, OF SUDBERRY. 
 
 Sir Henry Gascoigne, of Sudberry, Knt., 2nd son of 
 Sir William Gascoigne, of Gawthorp, near Harewood, by 
 Margaret, his wife, d. of Henry, Lord Percy, 3rd Earl of 
 Northumberland, of that family, married Isabel, d. and h. 
 of Sir Henry Boynton, of Sudberry, Knt., in whose right 
 he was seized of the manor of Sudberry and other lands, 
 in Richmondshire and in the county of Durham, of great 
 value. 
 
 GASCOIGNES, OF LAZINGCROFT. 
 
 Nicholas Gascoigne, son of William Gascoigne, of 
 Gawthorp, and second brother to the Lord Chief Justice 
 Gascoigne, mar. Mary, d. of Sir Hugh Clitherow, and 
 widow of John Tempest, Esq.: married, 13 Rich. II., 
 1390. In 3 Hen. VI., 1424, he held one carucate in 
 Lasingcroft, late Sir Win. Lasingcroft. 
 
 Rogerus de Quincy Comes Winton Constabularius Scotire 
 et jure uxoris siue, did by his deed, under a great seal of his 
 arms, give Lasingcroft and Schippen, in the reign of King H. 
 3., unto Robert Walcott, paying unto him and his heyres a 
 pound of pepper, or xij d> at Pentecost; which said Robert 
 granted Lasingcroft and Schippen aforesaid, by severall deeds
 
 60 LORDS OF HAKEWOOD. 
 
 without date, unto Robert Walcott, his nephew, sonne of John 
 Walcotte, his brother, which said Robert the nephew granted 
 Lasingcroft and Schippen aforesaid, unto Geoffrey Walcott, his 
 nephew; which Geoffrey, having no sons, but 3 daughters, one 
 named Alice, which married to William de Baroby, als William 
 de Lasingcroft; another called Margaret, being single and 
 unmarried; and the third married to the Lord of Parlington. 
 The said Margaret dying without issue, gave her third part in 
 Lasingcrofte and Schippen, descended unto her from the said 
 Geoffrey Walcott, her father, unto her sister Alice, of Baroby, 
 als Lasingcrofte which said William, of Lasingcrofte, and Alice 
 his wife, had issue John, of Lasingcroft; which said John 
 had issue Geoffrey, of Lasingcroft, which said Geoffrey sould 
 Lasingcroft, Schippen, and diverse other lands in the 15th 
 yeare of the reigne of King R. 2., A.D. 1391, unto Nicholas 
 Gascoigne, second son of William Gascoigne, of Gawthorp 
 Har. Mss. 1394,/. 124. 
 
 GASCOIGNE, OF PARLINGTON. 
 
 John Gascoigne, 3rd son of John Gascoigne, of Lasing- 
 croft, married Matilda, d. of William Arthington, Esq., of 
 Castley. Settled at Parlington, died 27th May, 1585. 
 
 GASCOIGNE, OF THORP-ON-THE-HILL. 
 
 John Gascoigne, 4th son of Sir Win. Gascoigne. of 
 Gawthorp, married Elizabeth, d. and h. of Sir Thomas 
 Swillington, of Thorp-on-the-Hill, settled there about 
 A.D. 1500. 
 
 GASCOIGNE, OF HUNSLET. 
 
 Richard Gascoigne, 2nd son of Sir William Gascoigne, 
 of Gawthorpe, married Anne, d. and h. of Henry Ellis, of 
 Hunslet, Esq., died in A.D. 1422.
 
 LORDS OF HAREWOOD. 61 
 
 GASCOIGNE, OF OLDHIRST. 
 
 George Gascoigne, 6th son of John Gascoigne, of 
 Lasingcroft, married Mary, d. of John Stokesley, Esq., 
 settled at Oldliirst, about 1570. His 2nd son, Richard 
 Gascoigne, of Bramham Biggin, born 1579, became a 
 great astronomer and antiquarian. 
 
 Thoresby says, that this very ancient surname is very 
 remarkable, having been varied nineteen different ways, 
 to which he adds the twentieth. Gaskin, Guascin, 
 Gascoigne, Gascoynge, Gascoinge, Gascoyne, Gascun, 
 Gasken, Gaskyn, Gaskun, Gaston, Gastone, Gastoyne, 
 Gastoynge, Gasquin, Gasnyne, Gawsken, Vascon, Gwas- 
 cogn, Gasquone. 
 
 THE WENTWORTHS. 
 
 William Gascoigne, the last male descendant of the 
 House of Gawthorp, had an only daughter, Margaret, his 
 heiress, who married Thomas Wentworth, of Wentworth 
 Woodhouse, Esq., whose son William, father of Thomas, 
 Earl of Strafford, came into possession of the manors of 
 Gawthorpe, Harewood, Wike, East Keswick, Hetheric 
 (now Stank), Weardley, Weeton, Wescoe Hill, Stubhouse, 
 Lofthouse, Thorp Arch, Collingham, &c., and various 
 others in Lincolnshire. 
 
 The unfortunate Earl of Strafford succeeded to these, 
 and resided at Gawthorpe Hall, of whom, further parti- 
 culars will be given in a subsequent account. His son 
 
 i
 
 62 
 
 William then inherited them, but in consequence of his 
 father's misfortunes during the civil wars, this property 
 was sold. 
 
 It was purchased by Sir John Lewis, Bart., and Sir 
 John Cutler, Knt., two London merchants, who had mar- 
 ried two sisters, daughters and co-heiresses of Sir Thomas 
 Foot, Knt., Lord Mayor of London in 1649. It was cus- 
 tomary in those times, to keep copies of the purchase 
 deeds of lands sold ; on the back of those of Harewood, 
 tradition says, the Earl made the following memorandum: 
 "I sold this Estate for sixteen years purchase, and vested 
 the money in Irish lands, at four years purchase." 
 
 The Bill of Sale on this occasion is a curiosity in its 
 way, and will vie with the best puffs of George Kobins, 
 in his palmiest days. 
 
 10th Novemb, 1656 
 
 A particular of the castle and manner of Harwood, con- 
 teyneinge the manner of Gawthorpe and divers lands, tenem u> 
 and hereditam* 8 ' hereafter mentioned, in the county of Yorke, 
 belonging unto the Right Hono~ble Willi'm, Earle of Strafford : 
 
 The Castle decaied 
 
 The seigniory noble, of a great extent, though formei-ly greater 
 before the out parts thereof was cutt of. 
 
 The castle of Harwood decaied, yet the stones thereof being 
 much ashler, and the timber that is left fit for building an 
 hansom new house, &c., may save a deale of charges in the 
 stone work, or els (if allowed to tennants of Harwood towne, 
 for repayers and building) would bee very usefull, and necessary, 
 and serviceable for that purpose, considering it is a market 
 towne, therefore the castle may be adjudged to bee well worth 
 30. There is belonging to the same a very large barne.
 
 LORDS OF HAKEWOOD. 63 
 
 There is a charter for a market to bee held every Munday 
 in this towne of Harwood, w ch charter was procured by my 
 late Lord of Straff ord, about 23 years agoe, w th Q head faires 
 besides a fortnight faier in summer tyme, w clx if well managed 
 and some money imployed in a stock to that purpose, might 
 bring, in tyme, the market to a good height, and the houses 
 repayred and built w th the castle stone, w ch the tennants would 
 do at their owne charge, might much advantage the same, there 
 being a large toll booth or court house, and butcher's shambles 
 already built, w th- 6 shoppes under the toll booth for that pur- 
 pose, and therefore to be considered to advance the sale. 
 
 There is a mannor of a great extent, w th- court leet and court 
 baron waives and estrayes and fellon goods, &c., belonging the 
 same, also large comons, the whole Lo p- stored w th< all kind of 
 wild fowle, the Eiver of Wharfe there affording great store of 
 fishe, as salmon, trout, chevins, oumers, and eyles. 
 
 The Lord of the Mannor being the impropriat r- hath the 
 presentation of the Vicar to the Viccaridge 
 
 In the grounds contained in this particular there is great 
 store of timber, trees, and wood, besides the hedge rowes and 
 besides wood to bee left for the repayer of houses and mill 
 dames, worth at least 1000. The opinion of divers is that all 
 the wood growing in the groundes conteined in this particuler 
 is worth 2000. 
 
 The stank or pond att Hollin Hall is well stored w thg carpes 
 and eyles. The stank or pond att Gawthorpe w th - trout, roch, 
 gudgeon, and eyles. 
 
 Gawthorpe Hall most part of the walles built w th - good stone, 
 and all the houses covered w th- slate, and a great p t- of that new 
 building, four rooms in the ould building all waynscotted, fyve 
 larg roomes in the new building all waynscotted likewise, and 
 collored like walnut tree, the materealls of which house, if 
 sould, would raise 500.fi at least.
 
 64 LORDS OF HAREWOOD. 
 
 To this belongeth a parke, in former tymes stored w tt- deere, 
 a parke-like place it is, and a brook running through the 
 middle of it, w cb- turnes 4 payer of millstones, att 2 milles. 
 
 Upon the River of Wharfe there is a come mill, w th - 2 payer 
 of milstones, the dam of w ch - was almost all made new the 
 last yeare, and cost near to 100. 
 
 There is at Gawthorp a garden and orchards about 3 acres 
 in compasse, fenced round with high stone walls, the garden 
 towards the north side hath 4 walles lying one above another, 
 both the garden and orchard well planted w th> great store of 
 fruit trees of severall kindes, w ch - w th- the dovecote and the hill 
 before the doore Mr. Fox hath in lieu of $. p*- of his waiges 
 yearly." 
 
 N.B. The Court Leet and Court Baron extends over the 
 following townships: 
 
 Harewood, 
 
 East Keswick, 
 
 Wike, 
 
 Wigton, 
 
 Weardley, 
 
 Weeton-cum-Wescoehill, 
 
 Dunkeswick. 
 
 I have in my possession a copy of the Purchase Agree- 
 ment, a very lengthy document extending over fifty folios. 
 The following particulars gleaned from it will prove 
 interesting. 
 
 The deed bears the date of 16th June, 1657, and the 
 parties to it are, on the 1st part, the Rt. Hon. William, 
 Earl of Strafford, Thomas Chichiley, of Wimpole, in the 
 County of Cambridge, Esq., John Eushworth, of Lincoln's
 
 LORDS OF HAREWOOD. 65 
 
 Inn, in the County of Middlesex, Esq., and John Morris, 
 of London, Gentleman. On the 2nd part, John Cutler, 
 of London, Esq. ; 3rd part, John Lewis, of London, Esq. ; 
 and on the -ith part, George Lulls of the Middle Temple, 
 London, Gent., and William Daynes, of London, Gent. 
 
 The price stipulated was as follows: 
 
 Harwood, Gawthorpe, Loftus or Lofthouse," 
 Weardley, Weeton, Dunkeswick, Huby, 
 Nuby, Wescoe Hill, Swindon, Rigton, 
 Broad Elves, "Wigton, Alwoodley, East f 25,347 18 8 
 Keswick, Keirby including the Rectory 
 of Harewood, the Great Tythes, and 
 the Advowson of the Parish Church, 
 
 Shadwell, and Wike, 2,680 3 6 
 
 The deed particularizes most of the farms and mes- 
 suages on the estate, with the titles of the various fields 
 and their acreage, and the names of the tenants. 
 
 The following letters, in my possession, relating to this 
 purchase are interesting, as tending to prove the impo- 
 verished condition of Lord Strafford's son after his 
 father's execution. 
 
 Mr. Guttler, 
 Sir, 
 
 This is only to desire your paying of one 
 thousand pound to Docter Lake for mee out of what you are 
 to pay mee uppon the bargaine between us. I will trouble 
 you no further berew th - but remaine 
 
 Your affectionate friend, 
 Knowsley, 10 Ap. 1658. STBAFFOEDE.
 
 66 LORDS OF HAKEWOOD. 
 
 Mr. Guttler, 
 
 I shall not fayle to meet y u> att Mr. Abbott's 
 Lous* att 12 a clock. In the meane time this is to desire y to 
 give order for the paym t- of 1100Z. to Taylor or Hodgkinson 
 out of y e money I am to have of y", w 1 *' is for the Eedeeming 
 some Jewells, and towards y e somme y fc Coll Bright is to have, 
 and this must necesarylie be done to day, 
 
 Your aff te - freind, 
 13 July, 58. STHAFFORDE. 
 
 On the death of Sir Jolm Cutler, his estates were 
 devised to his only surviving daughter, Elizabeth, wife of 
 John Robartes, Earl of Radnor, with remainder, in case 
 of failure of issue, to his relative, John Boulter, Esq., 
 who took possession of the estate on the decease of this 
 Countess, A.D. 1096. 
 
 Mr. Boulter was of a nature so little resembling Sir 
 John Cutler, that he wasted great part of the property, 
 and from the trustees of his son, Edmund Boulter, Esq., 
 this manor with its appurtenances was purchased in the 
 year 1738, by Henry Lascelles, Esq. This gentleman 
 died in 1753, and was succeeded in his estates by his eldest 
 son and heir, Edwin Lascelles, Esq., who, in 1790, was 
 created Baron Harewood, of Harewood Castle. On his 
 death without issue, in 1795, the estates were inherited 
 by his cousin, Edward Lascelles, Esq., created Baron 
 Harewood, 18th June, 1796, and Earl of Harewood and 
 Viscount Lascelles, 7th September, 1812. His son Henry 
 succeeded to the title and estates in 1820, and died 1841, 
 being succeeded by Henry, the 3rd Earl, whose melancholy 
 death occurred in Feb., 1857. 
 
 We have thus traced the various possessors of this noble 
 estate from the conquest to the present time. Equally
 
 LORDS OF HAREWOOD. 67 
 
 noble were its Lords, for among them are names which 
 rank among the bravest and most important of their age. 
 The Albemarles or De Fortibus occupy a prominent place 
 among the chief of those gallant barons, who fought for 
 the liberties and independence of the country ; while the 
 De Aldburghs, Gascoignes, Redmans, Rythers, and 
 Wentworths are conspicuous names among the greatest 
 in the civil annals of the nation. From the conquest 
 until its purchase by Sir John Cutler, in 1657, a period 
 of nearly 600 years, the estate regularly descended in an 
 hereditary line, varying only by marriage. In this respect 
 it is remarkable, and the following catalogue will be 
 interesting, as shewing the various ways by which it 
 changed hands for this lengthened period. 
 
 PEDIGREE OF THE LORDS OF HAREWOOD. 
 
 ROBERT DE ROMELLI, Lord of Skipton and Craven. 
 
 WILLIAM DE MESCHINES, (brother of Ralph, Earl of Chester) Lord of 
 Coupland, in the county of Cumberland, founder of the Priory at 
 Embsay, in Craven, A.D. 1120, 20 Hen. I. He married Cecilia de 
 Romelli, only daughter and heir of Robert, and in her own right, Lady 
 of Skipton, Harewood, &c. She gave her mill at Harewood to the 
 Canons of Embsay. 
 
 WILLIAM DE CURCI, Baron of Stoke Curci, in the county of Somerset, 
 Steward to the household of Henry I., married Avicia de Romelli, Lady 
 of Harewood, and younger daughter of Cecilia. She gave lands to the 
 Nuns of Arthington and the Canons of Embsay. He is the supposed 
 founder of Harewood Church, 1116. 
 
 WILLIAM DE CCRCI, Lord of Harewood, Dapifer to the King, and Justice 
 of Normandy, died 32 Henry II., A.D. 1186, married Matilda, daughter 
 of Roger Gulaiffre. 
 
 WILLIAM DE CURCI, Lord of Harewood, died without issue, 9 Richard I., 
 A.D. 1198.
 
 68 LORDS OF HAREWOOD. 
 
 WARIN FITZ GERALD, Chamberlain to King Henry I., married Alicia de 
 Curci, Lady of Harewood, only sister and heir of William de Curci, 
 living A.D. 1217. 
 
 WARIN FITZ GERALD, Chamberkin to King John, Lord of Harewood. He 
 obtained a charter of free warren for all his lands there, A.D. 1205. 
 He married Matilda, daughter of William de Caisneto, Lord of Cavenby, 
 county of Lincoln. 
 
 BALDWYN DE REDVERS, only son and heir of William de Redvers, Earl of 
 Devon. He died 1 Sep., A.D. 1216, during his father's lifetime, having 
 previously married Margery Fitzgerald, Lady of Harewood, who, soon 
 after her husband's death, was given in marriage by King John to Fulk 
 de Breant, from whom she obtained a divorce, about March, 1225. 
 
 BALDWYN DE REDVERS, Earl of Devon and Lord of Harewood, only son of 
 Baldwyn de Redvers and Margery Fitz Gerald, married Amicia de 
 Clare, daughter of Gilbert, Earl of Gloucester. 
 
 BALDWYN DE REDVERS, Earl of Devon and Lord of Harewood, son and heir 
 of Baldwyn and Amicia de Clare, born 1 Jan., 1235, died 1262, having 
 married Avice, of Savoy, cousin to Queen Eleanor. They left a son, 
 John de Redvers, who died young in France, without issue. 
 
 WILLIAM FITZ DUNCAN, son of Duncan, King of Scotland, mar- 
 ried Alicia de Romelli, eldest daughter of William de 
 Meschines and Cecilia de Romelli. 
 
 WILLIAM LE GROS, Earl of Albemarle, married Cecilia de Romelli, 
 daughter of the above. 
 
 WILLIAM DE FORTIBUS, Earl of Albemarle, Lord of Skipton and 
 Holderness, married Ha wise le Gros, Countess of Albemarle, 
 daughter of the above. 
 
 WILLIAM DE FORTIBUS, Earl of Albemarle, Lord of Skipton, 
 starved to death in the Mediterranean Sea, A.D. 1241, mar- 
 ried Aveline, daughter of Rich. Montfichet. 
 
 WILLIAM DE FORTIBCS, Earl of Albemarle, Lord of Holderness and Skipton, 
 married Isabella de Redvers, sister and heir of Baldwyn, Earl of Devon, 
 born A.D. 1237, survived all her issue and died A.D. 1293. 
 
 EDMUND CROUCHBACK, Earl of Lancaster, second son of King Henry III., 
 married Aveline, only sister and heir of William de Fortibus, married, 
 A.D. 1269, died without issue, A.D. 1274. 
 
 ROBERT DE INSULA, Lord Lisle, of Rougemonte, married Alicia 
 Fitzgerald, only daughter of William de Fortibus and 
 Hawise le Gros, Countess of Albemarle.
 
 LORDS OP HAREWOOD. 
 
 69 
 
 ROBERT, LORD LISLE, of Rougemonte, son of the above, married 
 Albreda, Lady of Settriiigham and Belvoir, Rutland. 
 
 WARINE, LORD LISLE, of Rougemonte, eldest son and heir, living 
 A.D. 1285, and died 1307. He married Matilda, daughter 
 of Robert de Mucegros. 
 
 ROBERT, LORD LISLE, of Rougemonte, eldest son and heir, aged 
 6, A.D. 1298, summoned to parliament, A.D. 1316, Knight 
 Bannaret at the Battle of Streveling, Lord of Harewood, 
 died 1344. He married Margaret ...... , who died 1343, 
 
 after which Robert took upon him the habit of a religious. 
 
 ROBERT DE INSULA, eldest son of Robert, Lord Lisle, released all his right 
 in Harewood to his brother John, A.D. 1345. 
 
 JOHN, LORD LISLE, of Rougenioute, Lord of Harewood, A.D. 1351, one of the 
 founders of the Order of the Garter, died A.D. 1354. Married Matilda 
 de Ferrers. 
 
 WILLIAM DE ALDBURGH, Lord of Harewood, Baron Aldburgh, seized of 
 Harewood Manor and Castle, A.D. 1365, by feoffment of Robert, Lord 
 Lisle, married Elizabeth de Insula, Lady of Harewood, daughter of John, 
 Lord Lisle, died 1377- 
 
 RYTHER, 
 
 SIR WILLIAM RYTHER, of Ryther 
 Castle, York, Lord of Scarcroft, 
 A.D. 1392, Lord of a moiety of 
 Harewood, died A.D. 142H. 
 Buried at Harewood. Married 
 Sybilla, daughter of Sir Wil- 
 liam de Aldburgh, born A.D. 
 1368, died A.D. 1440. 
 
 REDMAN. 
 
 SIR RICHARD REDMAYNE, of Levens, 
 Knt., A.D. 1403, Lord of a moiety 
 of Harewood in right of his wife, 
 Elizabeth, eldest daughter and 
 co-heir of Sir William de Ald- 
 burgh, who had previously mar- 
 ried Sir Bryan Stapylton, of 
 Carleton, in the county of York. 
 Buried at Harewood. 
 
 SIR WILLIAM RYTHER, of Harewood 
 Castle, Knt., eldest son and heir, 
 born A.D. 1382, died A.D. 1441, 
 married Matilda, second daugh- 
 ter of Sir Thomas Umfreville, 
 of Harbottle Castle, in the co. 
 of Northampton, Knt. She died 
 A.D. 1435. 
 
 SIR MATTHEW REDMAYNE, Knt., son 
 and heir of Sir Richard, Lord of 
 a moiety of Hare wood < 
 
 RICHARD REDMAYNE, of Levens, son 
 and heir of Sir Matthew, A.D. 
 1 442, married Margaret, daugh- 
 ter of Thomas Middleton, of 
 Middleton Hall, Esq.
 
 70 
 
 LORDS OF HAEEWOOD. 
 
 SIR WILLIAM RYTHEB, of Harewood 
 Castle, Knt., eldest son and heir, 
 Lord of Ryther and Scarcroft. 
 Born A.D. 1405, died A.D. 1476. 
 He married Isabella, daughter 
 of Sir Wm. Gascoigne, of Gaw- 
 thorpe, Knt., son of the celebra- 
 ted Judge Gascoigne ; and 2nd, 
 Eleanor, only daughter of John 
 Fitzwilliam, of Sprotbrough. 
 Sir William is buried at Ryther. 
 
 SIB ROBERT RYTHER, of Ryther, 
 * Knt., Lord of Harewood, born 
 A.D. 1439, died without issue, 
 A.D. 1491. Buried at Ryther. 
 
 SIR RALPH RYTHER, of Ryther, Knt., 
 Lord of Harewood, brother and 
 heir to Sir Robert Ryther. He 
 was born A.D. 1451, died A.D. 
 1520. Buried at Ryther. Mar- 
 ried 1st, Catherine, daughter of 
 Sir Marmaduke Constable, of 
 Flambro'; and 2nd, Matilda, 
 daughter of Henry Percy, Earl 
 of Northumberland. 
 
 ROBERT RYTHER, eldest son by 1 st 
 marriage and heir apparent, 
 married Elizabeth Gascoigne, of 
 Gawthorpe, afterwards she mar- 
 ried Rich. Redmayne. 
 
 WILLIAM REDMAYNE, eldest son and 
 heir of Richard, Lord of a 
 moiety of Harewood, A.D. 1477, 
 
 married Margaret , no 
 
 issue, died 1483. 
 
 EDWARD REDMAYNE, second son of 
 Richard and brother to William, 
 born A.D. 1456, died 1515, mar- 
 ried Elizabeth, daughter of 
 Huddleston, of MUlum Castle, 
 in Cumberland. 
 
 HENRY REDMAYNE, eldest son and 
 heir of Edward, married Alice, 
 daughter of Roger Pilkington. 
 Issue one daughter, Johanna, 
 married to Marmaduke Gas- 
 coign, of Caley Hall. 
 
 RICHARD REDMAYNE, second son of 
 Edward, and brother and heir 
 of Henry, died 1544, married 
 Dorothy, daughter of Laytou, 
 of Delarnayne, Westmoreland. 
 
 MATTHEW REDMAYNE, eldest son and 
 heir, married Bridget, daughter 
 of Sir Wm. Gascoigne of Gaw- 
 thorpe. 
 
 THOMAS RYTHER, ESQ., Lord of Harewood, son of Sir Ralph by 1st marriage, 
 born A.D. 1500, died A.D. 1528. He married Agnes, daughter of Henry, 
 Lord Scrope, of Bolton, and left an infant son, John Ryther, who died 
 A.D. 1528, aged 2$ years. 
 
 HENRY RYTHER, ESQ., of Harewood Castle, only son of Sir Ralph by his 
 second marriage, born A.D. 1505, died A.D. 1545, married Agnes, daugh- 
 ter of John, Lord Hussey. No issue.
 
 LORDS OF HAKEWOOD. 71 
 
 THOMAS RTTHER, of Lynstead, Kent, sewer to King Ed. IV., 
 attainted by parliament, A.D. 1483, restored A.D. 1485, eldest 
 son of Sir William Ryther, by Eleanor Fitzwilliam, his 
 second wife. , 
 
 GEORGE RYTHER, of Green Hythe, in Kent, eldest son and heir, 
 mar. one of the daughters and co-heirs of John Grove, Esq., 
 of Green Hythe. 
 
 WILLIAM RYTHER, eldest son and heir of George, succeeded his cousin, 
 Henry Ryther, Esq., esquire of the body to Queen Mary, born A.D. 
 1517, died 1563. He married Mary, daughter of Chief Justice Hale. 
 
 JAMES RYTHER, eldest son and heir of William, esquire of the body to Queen 
 Elizabeth, and intimate friend of Lord Burghley. He is the author of 
 several letters preserved in the British Museum. Born A.D. 1534, died 
 A.D. 1 596, married Elizabeth, daughter of William Atherton, Esq., of 
 Harewood. 
 
 ROBERT RYTHER, eldest son and heir of James, married three times, 1st, 
 Mary, daughter of Sir Robert Swyfte, of Rotherham, divorced 1 632. 
 2nd, to Eleanor, daughter of W. Oglethorp, Esq., of Rounsby, widow 
 of Henry Saville, son and heir of John, Lord Saville, of Pontefract. 
 3rd, to Eleanor, daughter and heir of Thomas Browne, of Belton, in 
 the Isle of Axeholm, in Lincolnshire. In 1634, he had retired from 
 Harewood Castle, and took up his residence at Belton, in right of his 
 third wife. Born A.D. 1575, died at Belton, A.D. 1637. 
 
 ROBERT RYTHER, only son and heir of Robert, by his third wife, born A.D. 
 1631, died at Belton, A.D. 1693. He married Margaret, daughter of 
 the Rev. Campion, Rector of Eslington, in the county of Lincoln.
 
 
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 THE PARISH CHURCH. 75 
 
 THE PARISH CHURCH. 
 
 The present fabric is a large and venerable structure, 
 situated about three quarters of a mile from the village, 
 close to the old turnpike road from Tadcaster to Otley. 
 Before proceeding to its history, my reader will perhaps 
 permit me to accompany him within its sacred precincts, 
 and trespass a little upon his attention. I feel quite sure 
 there is not one single parishioner of this large and 
 extensive parish, whether he be churchman or dissenter, 
 who can look with indifference upon that sacred structure. 
 There may be many professing churchmen, who, partially 
 or altogether, neglect her public services and divine 
 ordinances; and there may be many conscientious dis- 
 senters, who, from some cause or other, have severed 
 themselves from her communion; but all, or most of these 
 are connected with "our Parish Church" by some more 
 than ordinary tie, some solemn recollection, or some 
 pleasing association. 
 
 At its baptismal font most of them were signed with 
 the sign of the cross, and admitted members of Christ's 
 militant church. Probably in the spring time of youth, 
 some may have knelt at its altar and received the episcopal 
 benediction with the renewal of their baptismal engage- 
 ments ; there in after life many of them were united to the 
 dearest object of their earthly affections in one indissolu- 
 ble bond of union; there also on every returning sabbath, 
 her faithful sons have joined in the sublime liturgy of our
 
 76 THE PARISH CHUECH. 
 
 church, and heard the truths of the Gospel proclaimed 
 from its pulpit ; and finally, when this earthly pilgrimage 
 is ended, they hope to be gathered to their fathers and 
 repose in its consecrated earth. 
 
 But to proceed with its history. There is no doubt 
 that in former times the village extended up to the church, 
 many old people, living at the present time, remembering 
 cottages up the church lane, the sites of which are now 
 enclosed in the pleasure grounds. At present it appears 
 to stand in the park, and forms a most interesting object, 
 whether viewed from the house, from which a beautiful 
 view is obtained of its venerable tower clothed with ivy, or 
 from near the entrance lodge, where its grey chancel is 
 the centre of a scene of surpassing beauty in summer, 
 when the trees are clothed with foliage. 
 
 The original structure is reputed to have been founded 
 by William de Curci, in the year 1116. The following 
 authority for this date is given by Jewel. In the year 
 1793, when the church was re-roofed, the following 
 inscription, cut in ancient characters, was found on an 
 old beam: "We adore and praise Thee, Thou Holy 
 Jesus, because thou hast redeemed us by thy Holy Cross, 
 1116." The beam it is said was destroyed by the work- 
 men, but its existence is generally believed in by many 
 persons now living, none of whom ever saw it or any 
 fragments of it. From this inscription Jewel infers that 
 the church is dedicated to the Holy Cross. This suppo- 
 sition is certainly strengthened by the circumstance of 
 the village feast being held upon the first Sunday after 
 Holy Rood from time immemorial, but the inscription
 
 THE PAKISH CHURCH. 77 
 
 asserts nothing bearing upon this point, if it ever existed, 
 which is extremely doubtful. Considerable difference of 
 opinion, however, exists with respect to the patron Saint. 
 Lawton and Wliitaker affirm that it is dedicated to All 
 Saints. Many other writers on Yorkshire Topography state 
 that it is dedicated to the Holy Trinity, this, however, is 
 unsupported by any authority. I am inclined to think that 
 Lawton and Whitaker are right, not merely because both 
 of them may be regarded as authorities (Mr. Lawton 
 especially so in ecclesiastical and parochial matters), but 
 because the following testamentary burial of one of the 
 early Vicars, taken from the Torre Mss., adds additional 
 weight to their opinion : 
 
 "22 July, 1490, Fr. John Yorke directs his body to be 
 buried in the Parish Church of All Saints of Harewood." See 
 Testamentary Burials. 
 
 From the fact that the patronage of the church was 
 vested in the Lords of the Manor, for upwards of 200 
 years, before its appropriation to the Priory of Bolton, 
 (which would prove it to be in existence in A.D. 1150) we 
 may, in the absence of direct evidence, fairly presume 
 that its foundation in 1116 is correct. In A.D. 1172, 
 however, we have positive proof, not only that the church 
 was in existence, but by inference that it had been for 
 some years. In this year, Archbishop Roger, the famous 
 opponent of Thomas a Beckett, began to rebuild York 
 Minster, after the fire in 1171. He founded a chapel in 
 connexion with the cathedral, dedicating it to the Blessed 
 and Immaculate Virgin Mary, for the celebration of divine 
 services to the eternal honour of God, glory of his succes- 
 sors, and remission of his own sins, "and ordained the 
 L
 
 78 THE PARISH CHUECH. 
 
 same to be a perpetual habitation for 13 clerks of different 
 orders, viz : four Priests, four Deacons, four Sub-Deacons, 
 and one Sacrist ; and he willed towards the expenses for 
 the fraternity of the church and their necessary sustenta- 
 tion, one mediety of the churches of Everton, Sutton with 
 Scroby Chapel, Heyton, Berdessey,* and Ottelay, and 
 procured by the liberality of other faithful persons ; the 
 church of Calverley, ex dono Willielmi de Scoty; the 
 church of Hoton, ex dono Willielmi de Paganel ; the 
 church of Hanvood,ex dono A vie ia de Romelli; the church 
 of Thorpe, ex dono Ade deBruys et Ivette de Arches uxoris 
 suse; also the churches of Collingham, Clareburg, and 
 Retford. ' ' Dugdale. 
 
 Waryn Fitz Gerald, who married Alice de Curci, grand- 
 daughter of Avice de Romelli, claimed the advowson back 
 again from the monks and chaplains of St. Mary's, and 
 he appears to have succeeded, notwithstanding the pro- 
 duction of the deed of gift. In allusion to this, Dodsworth 
 says, "of the advowson of the church of Harwode, which 
 Warynus, son of Geroldus, and Alice de Curci, his wife, 
 claimed against the monks and chaplains of St. Mary and 
 and St. Sepulchre. And the monks came and say, that 
 Avicia de Romelli gave that church to the church of St. 
 Mary, St. Michael and All Angels, to the sustenance of 
 the monks, and therefore produce the charter of the said 
 Avicia, which testifieth the same, and the confirmation of 
 Roger, Archbishop. Vol. 129, /. 59. 
 
 In the Har. Mss., vol 802, it states that " Warinus, son 
 of Geroldus, recovered his presentation in the church of 
 
 * Bardsey.
 
 THE PAEISH CHURCH. 79 
 
 Harwode, against the monks and chaplains of St. Mary 
 and St. Sepulchre, at York." 
 
 By a decision in Easter term, 10 John, A.D. 1209, the 
 advowson was preserved to Waryn, and the following 
 presentations, taken from the Dodsworth Mss., were made 
 by his descendants : 
 
 Isabel de Fortibus, Countess Albemarle, presents to the 
 church of Harwode, 4 Non. January, AD. 1241. 
 
 Isabella de Fortibus, Countess Albemarle, presents to the 
 church of Harwode, 4 Non. January, A.D. 1291, 19 Ed. I. 
 Dod. 28, fol. 29. 
 
 Isabella de Fortibus, Countess Albemarle, presents to the 
 church of Harwode. Given at Thorp, 14 Kal. Sep. Dod. 1 25, 
 fol. 29. 
 
 Eobert de Insula, presents to the church of Harwoode, 9 Kal. 
 Dec., A.D. 1310, 4 Ed. II. Dod. 28,/oZ. 50. 
 
 Eobert de Insula presents to the church of Harwoode, 15 
 Kat. Dec., A.D. 1335, 8 Ed. III. 
 
 Robert, son of Robert de Insula, late Lord of Harwoode, 
 released to Sir John de Insula, his brother, and his heirs, all 
 his right in the manor of Harwode, with the advowson of the 
 church of the said town, 18 Ed. III., A.D. 1345. Dod. 122, 
 
 fol. 90. 
 
 Sir John de Insula, Knt, presents to the church of Harwode, 
 26 Kal. Dec., A.D. 1350, 24 Ed. III. Dod. 28, fol. 90.
 
 HO THE PARISH CHURCH. 
 
 The connexion and relationship of these families will 
 be best understood by the annexed descent. 
 
 Geroldus. 
 
 Warinus = 
 
 Henry = Warinus = 
 
 = Alice. Baldwin = Margaret, 
 
 de Redvers. 
 
 Robert = Baldwinus = Isabel de Fortibus, 
 
 | Countess Albemarle. 
 
 Warinus = 
 
 I 
 Robert de Insula = 
 
 In A.D. 1288, Pope Nicholas the 4th gave to Ed. L, 
 the tenths of all the ecclesiastical benefices in England, 
 towards defraying the expenses of an expedition to the 
 Holy Land, and that these tenths might be collected at 
 their full value, a taxation was made of those benefices, 
 which were finished in A.D. 1292. This is generally 
 called Pope Nicholas' Taxation v and exhibits a very correct 
 view of the value of English Church Livings at that time. 
 
 The following is the taxation of Harewood Church. 
 
 Eccl'ia de Harwode p 1 - por'co'em 66 13 4 
 Prior de Bolton appa'ta 
 
 Spofforth and Leeds were taxed at 80 each, and the 
 total of the taxation in the Ainsty was 839 16s. 8d. 
 
 In the early part of the reign of Edward II., about A.D. 
 1307, the Northern Counties suffered much from the
 
 THE PARISH CHURCH. 
 
 1 
 
 incursions of the Scots. They penetrated even thus far, 
 pillaging and laying waste the country in all directions. 
 The following extract from the Melton Register, taken 
 from Dodsworth, vol. 28, fol. 115, possesses much local 
 interest. 
 
 "A certificate of y* churches destroyed and wasted by the 
 Scots, that paid the tythes undermentioned. A mandate was 
 issued to retax the churches. 
 
 Eccles : de Harwod xxiiij marks. (The church of Harewood 
 24 marks=16.) By this it will be seen, that the damage to 
 the church and place, must have been great, to cause a reduc- 
 tion of 50 in the taxation. Eccles: de Adle xv marks (The 
 church of Adel 15 marks=9 18s) Eccles: de Pannall ad 
 nihil taxatur, quia Scoti ibi hospitabantur, et combusserunt, 
 in recessu suo. (The church of Pannall was taxed at nothing, 
 because the Scots quartered themselves there, and burnt it on 
 their departure.) Given at Burton near Beverley, 7 Kal. 
 August, in the year of grace, 1318, and the first of our 
 Pontificate." Melton Register, fol. 129. 
 
 The Church had continued from its foundation a rec- 
 tory, and unfortunately the list of rectors for the first 150 
 years, is lost. The following incomplete list is from the 
 Torre Mss.Jol. 172. 
 
 
 RECTORS. 
 
 PATRONS. 
 
 17 Kal. Jan. 1275 
 
 Rob de Clipston 
 
 Isabel de Fortibus. 
 
 3 Kal. Dec. 1280 
 
 Will : Burnett 
 
 Isabel de Fortibus. 
 
 14 Kal. Sept. 1281 
 
 John Burnett 
 
 Com. Alb. 
 
 4 Non. July, 1291 
 
 Will . fil Will : Burnett 
 
 Eundam. 
 
 5 Id. Feb. 1299 
 
 Humph : de Bellmonte 
 
 Rex. 
 
 5 Kal. July, 1309 
 
 Rog : de Ledes 
 
 Rex. 
 
 9 Kal. Dec. 1310 
 
 Humph : de Bellocampo 
 
 Rob. de Insula. 
 
 14 Kal. Jan. 1321 
 
 John de Welleton 
 
 idem. 
 
 15 Kal. Dec. 1335 
 
 Will : de Popilton 
 
 idem. 
 
 26 Dec. 1350 
 
 Hugo Spatkyng de Stowemarket 
 
 John de Insula, 
 
 
 de Rougemonte.
 
 82 THE PARISH CHURCH. 
 
 In 1353, Lord Lisle, of Rougemonte, Lord of the manor 
 of Harewood, obtained apostolic letters, and got the 
 advowson appropriated to the Priory of Bolton, on con- 
 dition that they should grant to him and his heirs a rent 
 charge of 100 per annum out of Rowden, Wigton, and 
 other lands; and that a chantry of six priests (differing 
 from a college only in the terms of its incorporation) 
 should be founded at Harewood, or one of seven priests 
 in the church of Bolton, to sing masses daily for the 
 souls of his father, his mother, brothers, and sisters; 
 besides a special collect for the souls of himself and 
 children. Certain other charges were dependant upon 
 this gift. "And there was reserved out of the fruits 
 thereof, to the archbishop and his successors, two marks 
 per annum ; and to the dean and chapter of York, one 
 mark yearly, payable on Michaelmas Day; also a 
 competent portion for a perpetual vicar therein, to be 
 instituted at the presentation of the said prior and convent, 
 the portion of whose vicarage shall consist of 22 marks 
 sterling=j14 13s. 4d., payable by the said religious to 
 the vicar for the time being, on the octaves of St. Martin 
 and on the octaves of Pentecost. And as to all the 
 extraordinary burdens of the same church, and the repairs 
 and new building of the chancel, the prior and convent 
 shall bear them, as oft as need requires ; the vicar only 
 bearing ordinary burdens incumbent on the church ; and 
 on the last day of March, 1354, the chapter of York con- 
 firmed this appropriation, made under the archbishop's 
 seal, &c., yet it must be observed that the church of 
 Harewood was (by ordination of Walter Grey, Abp.) to 
 pay certain tythes out of it to the chapel of St. Mary and 
 Holy Angels." Burtons Monasticon.
 
 THE PARISH CHURCH. 83 
 
 " St. Mary's Abbey, York. Pene' val' in Porco'e decimaru' 
 garbaru' an" recept in XXX Harwod. xxvjs viij d p' ann' " 
 Diu/dale. 
 
 A church which could sustain such charges as these 
 must have been a very opulent one, Whitaker doubts 
 whether this endowment ever took place, from the absence 
 of any vestiges of the collegiate house. The following 
 list and charter prove, however, that the endowment was 
 properly and legally completed: 
 
 Carta Prioris de Bolton facta Domino Johanni de Insula, 
 super cantaria sex capellanorum in Ecc. de Harewood, (Ex 
 Autog in turri Marise Ebor.) 
 
 Notum sit omnibus quod licet prior et conventus de Bolton 
 in Craven, concesserint Johanni de Insula, Domino de Rubeo 
 Monte, quendam annuum redditum centum librarum percipien- 
 dum sibi, heredibus suis de omnibus terris et tenementis 
 dictorum prioris et conventus in Raudon, Wigdone, Brandone, 
 Kildewyk, Halton, Emmeseye, Estby, Apeltrewyk, Malghom, 
 Penesthorp, et Holmeton, prout in quodam scripto, sibi inde, 
 confecto plenius continetur; dictus tamen Johannes vult, et 
 concedit, pro se et heredibus suis, quod si predicti prior et 
 conventus perfecerint, et manutenuerint quandam cantoriam 
 sex capellanorum in ecclesia de Harewode, vel septem capella- 
 norum in ecclesia sua de Bolton, et etiam servierint omnes 
 alias conventiones juxta ordinationem, et concordiam inter eos 
 initas, et concordatas, vel si pmdictus Johannes, ethreredes sui 
 non servaverint ex parte sua, dictas conventiones, prout in 
 quadam alia indentura inter eos inde facta plenius continetur ; 
 quod dictus annuus redditus esset quousque predicti prior et 
 conventus in faciendo dictas conventiones, seu earum aliquam 
 defecerint; et si forte defecerint.et dictus Johannes, et heredes 
 sui ex parte sua, eas plene servaverint, in suo robore perseveret, 
 in forma qua in dicta indentura plenius continetur. In cujus 
 rei testimonium sigilla partium preesentibus alternatim sunt
 
 84 THE PARISH CHURCH. 
 
 appensa. Dat apud Bolton supradicto die Mercurii proxima 
 post festum Sancti Leonard!, anno regni regis Edwardi tertii 
 a conquestu Anglise vicessimo sexto. 
 
 Irrotulatur in dorso clausarum 26 Ed. III., mense Novemb. 
 Comput' Ministrorum Domini Regis temp Hen. VIII. 
 
 Wigton, red'dus et firm' 611 
 Weton, 41-2 10 
 
 Brandon, -2 16 
 
 Herwood, 13 19 10 
 
 Herwood, firma rector. 38 16 2 
 
 Dugdale. 
 
 TRANSLATION. 
 
 A Charter of the Prior of Bolton given to the Lord John de 
 Insula respecting a chantry of six chaplains in the church of 
 Harewood. 
 
 Be it known unto all men, that whereas the prior and chap- 
 ter of Bolton in Craven, have granted to John de Insula, Lord 
 of Rougemonte, a certain annual revenue of 1 00 pounds, to be 
 received by him and his heirs from all the lands and tenements 
 of the said prior and chapter in Rawden, Wigton, Brandon, 
 Kildwick, Halton, Embsay, Eastby, Appletreewick, Malham, 
 Penisthorpe, and Holmton, as is more fully set forth in a cer- 
 tain writing given by them from this place; the said John also 
 wills and grants for himself and his heirs, that if the aforesaid 
 prior and chapter shall form and maintain a chantry of six 
 priests in the church of Harewood, or seven priests in their 
 church of Bolton, and shall also observe all the other contracts 
 according to their appointment and agreement entered into 
 and agreed between them, and if the aforesaid John and his 
 heirs, shall not keep on their part the said contracts, as is 
 more fully set forth in another indenture made between them, 
 wherein the matters are more fully stated, the said annual 
 revenue shall cease, so long as the said prior and chapter 
 shall fail in performing the said contracts or any of them ; and 
 if they shall fail, and the said John and his heirs on their part
 
 THE PARISH CHURCH. 85 
 
 shall fully observe them, it shall remain in force in the form 
 which is now fully set forth in the said indenture. In testi- 
 mony whereof the seals of the parties to these presents are 
 severally appended. Given at Bolton the above-mentioned 
 Wednesday, next after the festival of St. Leonard, in the 26 
 year of the reign of King Edward III., since the conquest of 
 England. 
 
 Account. Valuation of the servants of our Lord the King 
 in the time of Henry 8th. 
 
 Wigton, rent and farms, 6 I 1 
 
 Weeton, 4 12 10 
 
 Brandon, 2 16 
 
 Harewood, 13 19 10 
 
 Harewood, rectorial farm, 38 16 2 
 
 Ebor. Sex. Cantar' hi Eccl'ia de Harwood, Cant' ib'm videl't. 
 
 Edmundus Stringer h'et in pen'coe . s. d. 
 
 de Bolton p' annum iiij 
 
 Xma p's hide viij 
 Will'mo Crofte in consil'i pen'coe p' 
 
 annum iiij 
 
 Xma p's inde viij 
 Robtus Either in consil'i pen'coe de 
 
 d'co abb'te p' ann' iiij 
 
 Xma p's inde viij 
 Ri'cus Sharpp in cons' pen'coe ret' 
 
 de d'co abb'te p' ann' iiij 
 
 Xma p's inde viij 
 Thomas Clarke in cons' pen'coe ret' 
 
 de d'co priore de Bolton p' ann' iiij 
 
 Xma p's inde viij 
 LeonardusFisshebourneincons'pen'- 
 
 coe ret' de diet' priore de Bolton iiij 
 
 Xma p's inde viij 
 
 Valor Ecclesiasticus. 
 
 Two of them are also mentioned by Brown Willis as 
 surviving, A.D. 1553, while with respect to the collegiate 
 M
 
 86 THE PARISH CHURCH. 
 
 house, there is every evidence that one existed. Several 
 old persons, who have died within the present century, 
 remembered seeing the old ruins about fifty yards south 
 of the church, where tradition said the officiating priests 
 resided, who were masters of the school and performed 
 daily mass in the church. In the year 1791, in making 
 a sunk fence on the east side of the church yard, there 
 were found urns, (filled with ashes and bones) painted 
 various colours, and stones with the cross and other 
 figures cut on them. In the church yard at the present 
 time, there is a stone coffin, which has doubtless been 
 brought to light during some of the excavations which 
 have been made at various times ; while in the south wall 
 of the church is inserted one of these stones with the 
 cross carved upon it. 
 
 At the date of its appropriation to the monks of Bolton, 
 the church must have been an old one, for special mention 
 is made in the deed of the repairs of the church and the 
 rebuilding of the chancel, which expenses the prior and 
 canons were to bear. Very little is known of its history 
 during this period ; the only procurable information being 
 from the compotus of Bolton Abbey. 
 
 Frequent mention is there made of it, and the payments 
 therein stated afford abundant evidence of its worth and 
 importance. 
 
 In 1517, during the incumbency of Fr. Percival Otley, 
 who was the last vicar prior to the dissolution, the follow- 
 ing return was made of the value of the vicarage :
 
 THE PARISH CHURCH. 87 
 
 Ebor. Harwood Vicaria. P'cyvallus Otley, Incu'bens. 
 Rectoria ib'm appropriat' est priorat' de Bolton in Cravyn. 
 
 Vicar' ib'm valet in. . s. d. 
 
 Denar' annuatim in pens'co re't de priore 1 ) 
 
 et conventu monastery de Bolton in r xiiij. xiij. iiij. 
 
 Cravyn, p' ann' ' 
 
 S'ma valoris p' 
 
 Consimil' ib' denar' solut' archid no ) .. . f 
 
 i __ - i 
 
 Rep's videlt in. s. d. 
 
 Denar' annuati solut' d'na archiep'oj.... 
 Ebor' p' sinodal' p' ann' j 
 
 [vij. 
 Ebor' p' p'curat' expen' p' ann') 
 
 S'ma repris p' 
 
 S'ma Valet clare xiiij xxij. 
 X'ma p' inde xxviij. ij. q. 
 Valor Ecclesiasticus. 
 
 The monks retained possession both of the rectory and 
 vicarage until the dissolution of the Monasteries, A.D. 
 1536-7, when the advowson reverted to the Lord of the 
 Manor, the right of presentation having belonged to 
 Bolton Abbey nearly 200 years. 
 
 During this period there were 14 vicars. It is rather 
 remarkable that, in 1354, there were three presentations, 
 the first two vicars having resigned, probably from the 
 poverty of the living. In 1369 also, there were two 
 presentations. Torre's list of vicars closes with the 
 presentation of Matthew Garfurth, in 1614, and the 
 continuation of this list by Whitaker, Jewel, and others 
 is most incorrect. 
 
 -Jewel says, ''the living was vacant from 1666 to 1699, 
 and omits Mr. Smith and Mr. Ogden, both of whom are
 
 88 
 
 THE PARISH CHURCH. 
 
 proved by the following extracts to have been in posses- 
 sion of the living during these 39 years. Whitaker, in 
 addition, omits Mr. Hepworth and Mr. Jackson, both of 
 whom are interred in the chancel. 
 
 The following extracts of this and neighbouring villages 
 is copied from the Lansdowne Mss. vol. 459, fol. 68. 
 
 Village. 
 
 Rectory. 
 
 Vicarage 
 
 Character of 
 
 Incumbent. 
 
 Patron. 
 
 
 In the possession of 
 
 16 13 4 
 
 
 Earl of Straffbrd. 
 
 Kirkby Overblow. 
 Adel 
 
 the Earl of Straf- 
 ford. Rect. Imp. 
 of great value. 
 
 Beet 120J 0. 0. 
 Eect 701 0. 0. 
 
 
 Smith, of civil con- 
 versation, is. vie. 
 
 Rector Mr. William 
 Buthell. ' r He dili- 
 gently perfonneth 
 the cure. 
 
 
 Bardsey 
 
 
 
 Clarkson. A pious 
 and painful minis- 
 
 fcte 
 
 
 
 the Earl of Straf- 
 ford. Beet. 58J 0. 
 
 
 Wright. A preach- 
 ing minister, is. vie. 
 
 
 
 and SI 0. 0. out ol 
 the Imp. Rect. 
 
 
 Sowell. A preach- 
 ing minister, scan- 
 dalous, and suppo- 
 sed to be disaffected. 
 
 
 These were taken about the year 1654, an act being 
 passed for ejecting so-called scandalous, ignorant, and 
 insufficient ministers. 
 
 Mr. Ogden's incumbency is clearly proved by the an- 
 nexed extracts from the registers. 
 
 "George Ogden, Minister of Harwood, came hither to 
 dwell on July 16th, 1673. Matthew Garford, parish clerk, 
 was the first to be buried. Samuel Ogden, brother to the said 
 George Ogden, cloth-maker, became parish clerk of Harwood, 
 February 25th, 1676, by the sole election of the minister, as
 
 THE PARISH CHURCH. 89 
 
 Joshua Jefferson did before him, as may appear by his licence, 
 both of their licences running thus, per liberam electionem, 
 Georgii Ogden, &c." 
 
 " Upon diligent enquiry made by publicke authority, A.D. 
 1676, there were these communicants in Harwood Parish. 
 
 In Weton, qr 209 
 
 ,, Harwood qr. ... 195 
 EastKeswicke... 95 
 
 Alwoodley 189 George Ogden then 
 
 (viz. in 76,) 
 
 in all 688 Minister of Harwood. 
 
 "Memorandum on April, 15th, 1677, it was then agreed 
 upon by the minister, and the old and new churchwardens 
 and chief of the parish, that the groats formerly due to the 
 parish clerk, for registering children baptized be taken away, 
 and in lieu thereof that six shillings and eightpence. be duely 
 paid to the parish clerk at every Easter, for the performance 
 of the work above specified " 
 
 George Ogden, Minister of Harwood. 
 
 "All the corps buried within y e Parish of Harwood, and in 
 no other material wrapped nor interred, but what was made of 
 sheep's wool only, since the first of August, Anno D mi> 1 678, 
 according to y e act of parliament in that behalf made, with all 
 affidavits brought, and entered within the time limited." 
 
 George Ogden, Minister of Harwood. 
 
 "There is a good Vicarage House which I found ruined, 
 but left repaired, gardens, one croft, a cowgate in the castle 
 park, a close in Bonegate about 2 acres, the church yard and 
 surplice fees and mortuarys, and the annual stipend of 22 
 marks. To the truth of this I subscribe my name, 
 
 George Ogden, Minister of Harwood. 
 
 Mr. Ogden appears to have been the only Vicar accus- 
 tomed to make notes in the register books. This used
 
 90 
 
 THE PARISH CHURCH. 
 
 to be a very common practice in some parishes years ago, 
 and in many instances, they have proved the only means 
 of preserving to the present day, much valuable informa- 
 tion, which would otherwise have been lost. 
 
 The following is a correct list of the Vicars from the 
 institution of the Vicarage, to the present time. 
 
 A CLOSE CATALOGUE OF THE VICARS OF 
 HAREWOOD. 
 
 Temp. 
 
 Instit 
 
 T'icar. de Eccle*. 
 
 Patron. 
 
 Vaeat. 
 
 20 July, 
 29 July, 
 22 Aug., 
 28 Mar., 
 25 April, 
 24 June, 
 
 21 Feb., 
 29 May, 
 7 Oct. 
 !) De, 
 18 Aug., 
 23 Jan., 
 14Oct, 
 24 July, 
 27 May, 
 8 June, 
 25 Mar., 
 
 18 Julv, 
 Died 
 
 26 June, 
 
 1354 
 1354 
 1354 
 1368 
 1369 
 1369 
 
 1406 
 1428 
 1431 
 1444 
 1462 
 1490 
 1517 
 1566 
 1570 
 1582 
 1614 
 1654 
 1673 
 1701 
 1704 
 1724 
 1747 
 1751 
 
 1764 
 1795 
 1801 
 1854 
 
 Fr. Laur de Wath. Can. domus de Bolton 
 
 Pr et Con. de Bolton 
 do. 
 do. 
 do. 
 do. 
 do. 
 do. 
 do. 
 do. 
 do. 
 do. 
 do. 
 do. 
 do. 
 Thomas Fairfax, ar. 
 do. 
 Thomas Fairfax, mil. 
 do. 
 Earl of Strafford. 
 Sir John Cutler. 
 By the King. 
 Abp. of York. 
 John Boulter, Eaq. 
 Boulter Tomlinson. 
 Trustees of Lady 
 Hastings. 
 Edwin Lascelles.Esq. 
 G. H. Wheeler, Esq. 
 Earl of Harewood. 
 . Wheeler, Esq. 
 
 resig. 
 do. 
 
 morL 
 resig. 
 mort. 
 
 mort. 
 
 luort, 
 resig. 
 
 mort. 
 mort. 
 mort. 
 mort. 
 mort. 
 mort. 
 mort. 
 mort. 
 mort. 
 mort. 
 by lapse, 
 by lapse, 
 mort. 
 mort. 
 
 mort. 
 mort. 
 mort. 
 mort. 
 
 , Will Bassett Can 
 
 , Tho. Kiddall 
 
 Laur de Wath. Pbr. 
 
 Will Harwood Can. Mon. de Bolton 
 
 
 
 
 Rob. Morlaud 
 
 
 
 Percivall Ottelay vel Walker 
 Rich. Lamb CL 
 
 
 I jinc Barwvck, CL, B.A. 
 
 Matth. Garfurth, Cl . 
 
 
 
 John Hepworth 
 
 *WillJRTji Pholdrv ..,, 
 
 Robert Knight, A.M 
 
 
 Richard Bainbrigg, B.A. 
 
 
 John Tattersall, A M. 
 
 Richard Hale, AM 
 
 
 
 * Thoresby relates in his diary that parson Cheldry and a boy fell over Harewood Bridge 
 on a very dark night, and were wonderfully preserved upon the piers of the bridge till help 
 got to their relief. (May 22, 1703.) 
 
 The present edifice is the second, if not the third, 
 church on the same site. Of the original Norman struc- 
 ture not a vestige remains, all has disappeared. Whita-
 
 THE PARISH CHURCH. 9l 
 
 ker says "the church of Harewood bears no marks of the 
 original structure. It was probably renewed by the Lords 
 of the manor about the time of Ed : III., and the figure 
 of John, Lord Lisle, one of the first Knights of the Gar- 
 ter, was remaining entire in the east window of the north 
 chapel, distinguished by the arms of the family, a fess 
 between two chevronels, on his tabard, till the church 
 was repaired, A.D. 1793. This nobleman, however, from 
 the style of the building, appears to have been the restorer 
 of the church. The west end, beautifully mantled with 
 ivy, opens into the pleasure grounds of Harewood House." 
 
 The style of architecture is a debased Gothic, and is 
 evidently that which prevailed from about the year 1550 
 to 1640. Its erection may have taken place about the 
 latter part of the reign of Henry VII., or the commence- 
 ment of that of Henry VIII. The general characteristics 
 are those of a post-reformation church, there being an 
 almost entire absence of those architectural features, 
 which commonly distinguish pre -reformation churches. 
 Upon a closer examaination however, sufficient evidence 
 is afforded, of a much earlier date than this. The whole 
 of the windows have the appearance of being originally 
 lancet windows, which have been altered to the present 
 style. This alteration is so apparent in the tower, as to 
 leave the matter there, beyond a doubt, the interior por- 
 tion of the windows retaining their original lancet form, 
 while the exterior has been altered to correspond with 
 those in the church. The walls certainly appear much 
 older than the period assigned to the windows, and all 
 these circumstances point rather to extensive repairs car- 
 ried out during a debased period, than to the re-erection
 
 92 THE PAEISH CHURCH. 
 
 of the church, the shell of which, may reasonably date 
 back, as far as the reign of Henry III., 12201270. 
 
 The interor is singularly devoid of architectural beauty 
 and ornament. The nave is separated from the aisles by 
 5 pointed arches, springing from plain hexagonal columns 
 without capitals, which would probably have a light and 
 elegant appearance, if relieved from the thick coat of 
 plaster and whitewash, which has accumulated upon them 
 in the course of years. An ordinary string course sur- 
 rounds the interior of the church, running beneath the 
 windows, and surmounting the doorways. Evidences are 
 not wanting to shew the existence of the chantries, the 
 niches near the east window of both the north and south 
 aisles, and the steps to the altar in the south chapel still 
 remain. - 
 
 Very little is known respecting its early history, the 
 various documents which have passed through my hands, 
 are singularly silent on this point. 
 
 It is a large and commodious structure of fine propor- 
 tions, and is capable of accommodating nearly 1000 wor- 
 shippers, the dimensions are 
 
 LENGTH. BREADTH. 
 
 Nave ft. 78 3 23 1 
 
 S. Aisle 78 3 14 6 
 
 N. Aisle 78 3 14 6 
 
 Choir 24 22 
 
 Chancel 31 22 
 
 South Chapel ... 25 8 14 6 
 
 North Chapel ... 24 4 14 6 
 
 Total length, 133 feet. Breadth, 52 feet.
 
 THE PAEISH CHURCH. 93 
 
 In 1724 the living was augmented with 200 from 
 Queen Anne's bounty, to meet a benefaction from Lady 
 Elizabeth Hastings, of the great tithes of East Keswick, 
 which were valued at that time at '37 per annum. Mr. 
 Boulter, the patron of the living, relinquishing to Her 
 Ladyship and her heirs, the alternate right of presenta- 
 tion. 
 
 The following extract from Abp. Sharp's Mss., and the 
 articles of agreement between Lady Elizabeth Hastings 
 and Mr. Boulter are interesting. 
 
 "So much of the common of Harewood was lately inclosed, 
 as yields now 50 or more pr. annum. It was done with a 
 design of improving the living, but Sir John Cutler's executors 
 not having any kindness for Mr. Cheldrey the present incum- 
 bent, did not settle it, but maintained therewith a lecturer, 
 Mr. Hepworth. One Mr. Thomas Clark, presuming I sup- 
 pose that the augmentation was settled upon the living, gets 
 privately a presentation under the great seal to the vicarage, 
 knowing that it was lapsed to the King. He brought it to me 
 (Abp. Sharp) and demanded institution, but I refused, being 
 sensible that this man's coming in, would for ever hinder Mr. 
 Boulter settling the land upon the Vicarage. He brought his 
 (Quare impedit) upon this against me, but upon my represent- 
 ing the case to my Lord Chancellor, and Mr. Boulter waiting 
 upon him and promising to settle the land upon the Vicarage, 
 if he might have the presentation of bis own clerk, the Lord 
 Chancellor was pleased to revoke his presentation, and to pre- 
 sent Mr. Hepworth, Mr. Boulter's nominee, who was accord- 
 ingly instituted. But I before agreed both with Mr B. and 
 him that Cheldrey should be still continued, (tho' he have no 
 legal title) and enjoy the same profits he used to do. Mr. 
 Boulter refunded Mr. Clarke his charges of the seal, and by 
 my means he obtained the living of Burythorp,* and thus that 
 
 Near Mai ton.
 
 94 THE PARISH CHURCH. 
 
 matter was quieted for the present. But Mr. Boulter has not 
 yet made any conveyance of the inclosure to the use of the 
 vicar, but I have his promise, under his hand, that he will do 
 it, and it is my part to do my endeavour that it may be done." 
 Abp. Sharps Ms., 314. 
 
 Articles of Agreement between the Rt. Hon. the Lady 
 Elizabeth Hastings and John Boulter, Esq., for the 
 augmentation of the Vicarage of Harwood, in the county 
 of York. Landsdowne Mss., vol. 973, p. 175. 
 
 " It is covenanted on the part of the Lady Elizabeth Hastings 
 with John Boulter, Esq , that for the better support of the 
 Vicar of Harwood and successors, she will settle upon him 
 and them the great tythes of the township of Keswick in the 
 said parish, being of the annual rend of fourty four pounds, 
 and yielding of clear yearly value thirty seven pounds. 
 
 And the said Elizabeth for a further augmentation of the 
 said vicaridge, doth likewise agree to propose the above men- 
 tioned tythes to the govemours of Queen Anne's Bounty in 
 order to obtain from them the summ of two hundred pounds, 
 which two hundred pounds shall be expended upon the 
 rebuilding or repairing of the Vicarage House. 
 
 And in consideration of the said augmentation made by the 
 Lady Elizabeth Hastings, Mr. Boulter, being patron of the 
 advowson, doth promise and oblige himself to sign a proper 
 instrument whenever rendred to him, conveying to the Lady 
 Elizabeth Hastings, her heirs and assigns, the alternate right 
 of presentation to the said vicaridge. 
 
 And the said Mr. Boulter doth likewise covenant with the 
 said Lady Elizabeth Hastings to grant to the said vicar and 
 successors for ever, land or tythes of not less yearly value 
 than the tythes of Keswick, now settled by -the Lady Elizabeth 
 Hastings, the profits of which are to commence from the feast 
 of St. Michael next ensuirige. 
 
 It is allso further agreed between the party s to these pre- 
 sents that those several augmentations are intended to be in 
 full discharge of annual payments or pensions that may be 
 claimed by the vicar of Harwood and successors, as well from 
 Lady Elizabeth Hastings as from John Boulter, Esq.
 
 THE PARISH CHURCH. 
 
 95 
 
 And the said John Boulter, Esq. doth agree to present to 
 the said vicarage, now vacant, Mr. Robert Knight, or any other 
 person that, being legally qualified, shall be nominated to him 
 by the said Eliz. Hastings. 
 
 Both the parties above do oblige themselvs to perform and 
 to fulfill the above written articles and covenants under their 
 hands and seals interchangeably set to these presents, this 
 nineteenth day of May, one thousand seven hundred and 
 twenty four. E. HASTINGS. 
 
 JOHN BOULTER. 
 
 Signed, sealed, and delivered, ) Tho. Mangey, 
 in the presence of us, ; C. Wogan. 
 
 Litera Presentations Roberti Knight, Clerici ad vicariam 
 Ecclesise Parochialis de Harwood, com. Ebor, vac. per mort. 
 Gulielmi Childrey ult Incumb per don'em Boulter Armig. 
 patron um. 26 Junis 1724." 
 
 The alternate right of presentation by this deed, thus 
 passed into the hands of Lady Elizabeth Hastings, by 
 whom and by her trustees it has since been exercised. 
 The present trustee is the Rev. C. Wheeler, M.A. 
 
 On Mr. Boulter's decease in 
 1738, he appears to have be- 
 queathed his moiety of the 
 advowson to his.nephew, Boul- 
 ter Tomlinson, Esq., and his 
 heirs, nevertheless to present 
 from time to time such person 
 or persons as the major part 
 of the householders should 
 
 Ar: upon a chevron gules, three dead men's nominate and apprOVG, SUDJ6Ct 
 
 skulls upon the first. - ... 
 
 to such conditions as are 
 contained in the following extract from his will:
 
 96 THE PARISH CHURCH. 
 
 "I give and devise unto my good friends Mr. John Row- 
 land, to Mr. John Hutton, his nephew, to Mr. Robert Prowes 
 Hassell, to my nephew Boulter Tomlinson, Dr. in Physic, and 
 to their heirs and assigns, all that my manor of Harewood in 
 the county of York, together with the messuage or tenement 
 and garden ground thereunto belonging, commonly called by 
 the name of Gawthorp Hall, and also all and every the 
 messuages, lands, tenements, and hereditaments, commons, 
 common of pasture, waifs, estray, diodands, priviledges, rents, 
 services, quit rents, and stints, and all other the advantages what- 
 soever to the said manor and every or any part thereof belong- 
 ing, or in any wise appertaining or accepted, reputed, deemed, 
 or taken as part, parcel, or member thereof or any part thereof. 
 
 And also all other my manors, messuages, lands, tenements, 
 and hereditaments whatsoever, with their and every of their 
 rights, members and appurtenances, situate, lying, and being 
 
 in the several parishes of Harewood, Kirkby Overblow, 
 
 Rigton, in the said county of York, or elsewhere in the 
 
 kingdom of England, except the alternate right of presentation 
 to the Vicarage of Harewood aforesaid, and the scite of the 
 vicarage house of Harewood aforesaid, and one acre of land 
 adjoining to the vicarage house on the west side thereof, 
 subject nevertheless, &c., &c., &c. And as to the alternate 
 right of presentation to the vicarage of Harewood aforesaid, I 
 give the same unto my said nephew Boulter Tomlinson, and 
 his heirs upon trust, nevertheless to present from time to time 
 upon every other vacancy that shall happen, such person or 
 persons to be vicars of the said parish, as shall be nominated 
 and approved by the major part of the said householders in 
 writing under their hands, within one calendar month after 
 the death of the last incumbent. And for want of such 
 nomination from time to time, then I will that my said nephew 
 and his heirs shah 1 have the sole right to present to the said 
 vicarage. This I declare to be my last Will and Testament 
 and none other. And I do revoke all former Wills by me at 
 any time heretofore made. In witness whereof I have to this 
 my Will, contained in three skins of parchment, to each skin 
 thereof, set my hand and seal this Q6th July, 1736. 
 
 JOHN BOULTER.
 
 THE PARISH CHURCH. 0? 
 
 About the year 1793, a series of most barbarous alter- 
 ations were carried into effect, which, to say the least of 
 them, reflect discredit upon those who were concerned in 
 them. These so-called alterations were not confined to 
 the repairing and renewal of what was positively delapi- 
 dated and done for; but there seems to have been a re- 
 vival of that sacrilegious puritanical feeling against the 
 ornaments and decorations of the church, which disgraced 
 the period of the Commonwealth. The stained glass 
 which abounded in the church was taken out, and the 
 present ordinary window glass put in its place. 
 
 Dr. Whitaker says "that it was deposited in a lumber 
 room in Harewood House," but this is incorrect, for 
 many old people can recollect its removal, it was indis- 
 criminately taken away, some was secretly sold,* the 
 children of the village played with other portions, and not 
 a vestige was left in the church. The east window was 
 adorned with the arms of the various Lords of Harewood, 
 and the east window of the south aisle was similarly 
 adorned. The altar rails of carved oak, with Lord Straf- 
 ford's initials on them, the six stalls for the six officiating 
 priests, the lattices and screens, and the canopies over 
 the tombs of Ryther and Redman on each side of the 
 choir, relics of the old church, were also removed; the 
 fine old carved oak seats were replaced by the present 
 "elegant pews," as Jewel calls them; the old oak open 
 roof was removed to make way for the present deal rafters, 
 whose hicleousness is concealed by a lath and plaster un- 
 
 * I have been informed on good authority that some portion of this 
 stained glass found its way into Cheshire, where it adorns (at the present 
 time) the windows of a private chapel, belonging to a gentleman of property.
 
 98 THE PARISH CHURCH. 
 
 derdrawing; and a gallery, stretching across the west end 
 of the church, was erected, partially hiding several win- 
 dows, and otherwise deforming the interior. 
 
 It is true, that a most debased taste with respect to 
 ecclesiastical architecture, was at that time prevalent, but 
 notwithstanding this, it is perfectly marvellous and mys- 
 terious, that the conservators of the church should have 
 allowed it to have been so sacrilegiously spoiled in such a 
 manner. It is gratifying to add, that some approaches 
 have been made, towards its rebeautifying and restoration. 
 The east window has recently been filled with stained 
 glass, in a manner which reflects the highest credit upon 
 the artist, (Mr. O' Connor, of London,) the cost being 
 defrayed by a bequest of the late Lester Brand, Esq., 
 who was, for many years, House Steward to the first and 
 second Earls of Harewood. The north and south win- 
 dows of the chancel, have also been recently converted 
 into memorial windows, the former in remembrance of 
 Lady Elizabeth Joan Lascelles, the first wife of the pre- 
 sent Earl of Harewood, who died, after a short illness, 
 on the 20th Feb., 1854, aged 27 years; and the latter 
 erected by the Dowager Countess of Harewood in memory 
 of two of her sons. The inscription is as follows : 
 
 " To the Memory of the Hon. Algernon Francis, and Alfred Daniel Lascelles, 
 
 Born Jan. 21, 1828. Died Mar. 28, 1845. Born Feb. 26, 1829, Died Mar. 20, 1845. 
 
 Glory to God. 
 A Mother's Tribute.
 
 . tiasaaujnt Pukeraiy . Jfanrton 
 
 Muirtn 
 
 37 \ \ W 3*"*S. -+- ^39 
 
 Franke Elhs . Garcotifne & Beaton . ^SSJ* Threats. 
 
 GII.HVU/IU; : (Inrrett . J-hinlee .
 
 THE PARISH CHURCH. 99 
 
 AEMS IN THE CHURCH. 
 
 No. 1. Thwayts and Rytlier. 
 
 Thwayts bore arg, three torteaux in a fess, sable between 
 
 3 fleurs-de-lis. 
 Kyther bore az, three crescents, or. 
 
 John Thwayts, a noted Lawyer, died 1469, hurled in 
 Harewood Church. He married Isabella, daughter of 
 Sir William Ryther, of Harewood Castle, Knt. An 
 account of the Rythers is given elsewhere. Thwaites 
 was a manor enumerated with Keighley in the domesday 
 book. John de Thwaites possessed it in 1316. In the 
 15th century, this family became possessed of Denton, in 
 Wharfdale. 
 
 These arms were on the slab of the tomb, which at 
 present lies in the south chapel, and which has for years 
 been erroneously regarded as the tomb of the founder of 
 the church. The shield still remains, but the arms of 
 course are effaced. 
 
 Nos. 2 and 3. Gascoigne and Mowbray, Gascoigne and 
 Pickering. 
 
 Gascoigne bore arg, on a pale sable, a lucy's head, 
 
 hauriant, or. 
 Mowbray bore gules, a lion rampant; ar. within a 
 
 bordure gabony, or. and sa 
 Pickering bore ermine, a lion rampant, az. crowned or. 
 
 Sir William Gascoigne, Chief Justice of England, was 
 married twice, 1st, to Elizabeth, daughter and sole heiress 
 of Sir Alexander Mowbray, of Kirtlington, in the county
 
 100 THE PARISH CHUKCH. 
 
 of York; and 2nd, to Joan, daughter of Sir William 
 Pickering, Knt., and relict of Sir Ralph Greystoke, one 
 of the Barons of the Exchequer. These arms were on 
 a brass inserted in the south wall, representing the Chief 
 Justice between his two wives. 
 
 No. 4. Manston. 
 
 He bore sable, a bend raguled arg. 
 
 Who and what this family was, I have not been able to 
 discover. He was a near relative and one of the executors 
 of the Chief Justice. In reference to these arms, Glover 
 says, "a knight kneeling with these amis upon him and 
 written, Orate pro Alfrido Manston et Elizabetha uxore 
 ejus." It was, therefore, most probably on a brass. 
 
 No. 5. Lord Lisle, of Rougemont. 
 
 He bore or. a fess between 2 chevrouels, sable. 
 
 In reference to this Glover says "a knight kneeling in 
 glasse all in male, w th this coat armour on his back and 
 on the pomell of his sword, the sword put under his 
 girdle." This will therefore have been in one of the win- 
 dows, and is the arms of John, Lord Lisle, one of the 
 founders of the Order of the Garter. 
 
 No. 6. Stapleton. 
 
 He bore argent, a lion rampant sable, langued and 
 armed gules. 
 
 Sir Bryan Stapleton, of Carleton, 1st husband of Eliz- 
 abeth, eldest daughter of Sir William de Aldburgh. Sir 
 Bryan's father, settled at Wighill. He was a Knight of 
 the Garter, and slew a Saracen in camp fight, in presence 
 of three kings, viz : of England, Scotland, and France. 
 This and the two following ones were in stained gl;<->
 
 THE PARISH CHURCH. 101 
 
 No. 7. Redman and Aldburgh. 
 
 Eedman bore gules, 3 cushions ermine, buttons and 
 
 tassells, or. 
 Aldburgh bore gules, a lion rampant, charged with a 
 
 fleur-de-lis. 
 
 Sir Richard Redman, of Levens, Knt., married Eliza- 
 beth, daughter of Sir William de Aldburgh, Knt., and 
 relict of Sir Bryan Stapleton, Knt. 
 
 No. 8 Redman. See No. 7. 
 
 No. 9. Redman and Stapleton. See Nos. 6 and 7. 
 
 Sir Richard Redman, Knt., married Elizabeth, relict 
 of Sir Bryan Stapleton. Glover says "a man kneeling in 
 his coat armour, with Redman's coate on him, and on the 
 woman, this." These arms are really Redman quartering 
 Stapleton and impaling Sutton. Margery, daughter and 
 co-heiress of Sir Thomas de Sutton, of Sutton, in Hol- 
 derness, married 1st, Peter de Mauley, the seventh Lord 
 of Mulgrave, &c., by whom she had issue; 2nd, Sir Wil- 
 liam de Aldburgh, of Harewood, son of Sir William de 
 Aldburgh. 
 
 No. 10. Redman. See No. 7. 
 
 No. 11. Rylstone. 
 
 He bore sable, a saltire, ar. 
 
 No. 12. Gascoigne and . '. 
 
 Gascoigne, see No. 2. 
 
 I have been unable to make out the remainder of this 
 shield. 
 
 o
 
 102 THE PARISH CHURCH. 
 
 No. 13. Mansion and Ne\ille. 
 
 Manston, see No. 4. 
 
 Neville bore gules, a saltire argent. 
 
 Alfred Manston married Elizabeth, daughter of 
 
 Nevill. These arms were on Chief Justice Gascoigne's 
 tomb. 
 
 No. 14. Franke and Ellis. 
 
 Franke bore gules, a fess sable, between 3 martletts 
 
 argent. 
 Ellis bore or. on a plain cross sable, 5 crescents argent. 
 
 Nicholas Franke, son and heir of William Franke, of 
 Alwoodley, married Ellen, daughter of Henry Ellis, Esq., 
 of Hunslett. 
 
 No. 15. Gascoigne and Heaton. 
 
 Gascoigne, see No. 2. 
 
 Heaton bore argent, two bars sable. 
 
 John Gascoigne, of Lasingcroft, married Isabella, 
 daughter and heiress of William Heaton, of Castle Hall, 
 Mirfield, Esq. 
 
 No. 16. Thwayts. See No. 1. 
 
 No. 17. Gascoigne and Clarrell. 
 
 Gascoigne, see No 2 
 
 Clarrell bore gules, six martletts argent, 3, '2 and 1. 
 
 Sir William Gascoigne, of Gawthorpe, Knt., grandson 
 of the Chief Justice, married Margaret, daughter of Sir 
 Thomas Clarrell, of Aldwark, Knt. 
 
 No. 18. Franke, of Alwoodley Hall. See No. 14.
 
 THE PARISH CHUKCH. 103 
 
 No. 19. Nevill. 
 
 He bore gules, a saltire argent, being the arms of Gos- 
 patrick, brother of Aldred, Earl of Northumber- 
 land. 
 
 Sir John Nevill, of Womersley, Knt., whose daughter, 
 Joan, married Sir William Gascoigne, of Gawthorpe, 
 Knt., about 1483. 
 
 A fine organ, by Holdich, of London, was erected in 
 the north chapel in the year 1855, at the expense of the 
 late Earl of Harewood. 
 
 In the tower are 3 bells, the tenor weighing 20 cwt., 
 and forming a minor peal of considerable sweetness. 
 The following are the inscriptions : 
 
 1st Bell. |$ec (Eamganula ISeafce Sacrt Ctinttati fiat. 
 
 (Arms of Catherine of \ H.D. /"Arms of Colchester, where "j 
 Arragon, 1st wife of I \ the Bell was founded [ 
 
 Henry VIII. J { probably. 
 
 2nd Bell. Soli Deo Gloria Pax Hominibus, 1661. 
 I.S. Minister. H.R.W. A.D. Churchwardens. 
 
 3rd Bell. Dalton, York, Founder, 1778. 
 
 From the fact of the arms of Catherine of Arragon (a 
 bursting pomegranate) being on the first bell, we are at 
 once supplied with the probable date, which will be about 
 1500. It is a very old bell, and its age accords with the 
 date thus given. Why these arms should be on the 
 bell, I am not prepared to say, probably it was cast and 
 erected at that period. Upon examining the framework, 
 I discovered that it had been repaired with two fronts of 
 old oaken stalls, with the arms of Gascoigne quartered 
 with Percy carved upon the upper part of them, unques-
 
 104 THE PARISH CHURCH. 
 
 tionable relics of the old church. -They are in an excel- 
 lent state of preservation, and I trust will be restored to 
 their original and legitimate place. From the present 
 appearance of the framework, it is evident, that there 
 have been more bells formerly, but how many, or what 
 has become of them, it is impossible to say. 
 
 The clock in the tower came from Plumpton, and was 
 the gift of the first Lord Harewood. 
 
 The communion plate consists of two silver cups, pre- 
 sented by John Boulter, Esq., two silver salvers, given 
 by John Boulter, Esq. and Anthony Sawdrie, formerly 
 the Parish Clerk. 
 
 The registers commence in the year 1614, but there is 
 a chasm from 1647 to 1653. Many of the early ones are 
 nearly illegible, and there are several other imperfections 
 in various parts. On, or about, the year 1796 the vestry 
 of the church was burglariously entered, the surplice and 
 prayer books stolen, and the register books (then left there) 
 were left scattered on the floor, and several leaves missing 
 from one of them, were supposed to have been taken to 
 light a fire.* 
 
 A faculty was granted on the 25th October, 1782, to 
 William Kirby, Samuel Midgley, James Bland, and Joseph 
 Midgley, to remove the font from the middle aisle of the 
 church, the same being inconveniently placed, and proving 
 
 * According to the Leeds Intelligencer of 8th Dec., 1 782, the church was 
 broken open and one large crimson table cover, cushions, and damask table 
 cloth were stolen. Twenty guineas reward was offered on application to S. 
 Popplewell, Esq., the steward.
 
 THE PARISH CHURCH. 105 
 
 very incommodious to the parishioners going up the said 
 aisle to the altar. It was removed to the south west 
 corner. Subsequently it was removed to the north east 
 corner, where it continued until the induction of the 
 present vicar, when it was removed as near as possible to 
 its canonical place. It is very ancient, having the appear- 
 ance of being used for total immersion, it has, however, 
 been much altered. 
 
 Harewood is situated in the Diocese of Ripon (formerly 
 in York). Wills of persons dying within the townships 
 of Dunkeswick and Weeton, were formerly proved in the 
 Court of the Forest of Knaresbro', but such jurisdiction 
 does not appear to have been lately exercised. 
 
 Inclosure Acts were passed in the 30th George III., 
 1790, and the 37 Geo. III., 1797, during the incumbency 
 of the Rev. John Tattersall. The vicarage allotment 
 farms are situated upon Harewood Moor, Dunkeswick, 
 and at Barrowby. 
 
 The following is the abstract from the Act of Par- 
 liament : 
 
 "And it is hereby further enacted, that the said commis- 
 sioners or any two of them, shall and do, after making such 
 allotment as herein before mentioned, set out, and allot unto 
 the said John Tattersall, and his successors, vicars of Hare- 
 wood aforesaid, such parcel or parcels of land, within such of 
 the said open fields, and meadow, and pasture ground, and 
 moors or commons, or some of them as lie within the town- 
 ship of East Keswick aforesaid, as (quantity, quality, and 
 situation considered) shall, in the judgment of the said com- 
 missioners or any two of them, be equal in value to one 
 seventh part of such residue, and also to one seventh part of 
 the ancient inclosed lands within the township of East Keswick
 
 106 
 
 THE PARISH CHURCH. 
 
 aforesaid, which said allotment shall be and is hereby declared 
 to be a full compensation and satisfaction for all and all man- 
 ner of tythes, ecclesiastical dues, and payments whatsoever, 
 which the said John Tattersall could or might have claimed 
 or received or to which he would have been entitled out of the 
 lands and grounds hereby directed to be enclosed, or the lands, 
 tenements, and hereditaments already inclosed, within the 
 township of East Keswick aforesaid, or either of them respect- 
 ively, in case this act had not been made, and shall also set 
 out and allot to the said John Tattersall and his successors, 
 vicars as aforesaid, such part of the said lands and grounds 
 adjoining to his other allotment, as shall in their judgment be 
 a full and adequate compensation for the annual payment 
 before mentioned, being claimed by the said vicar as a com- 
 position for tythe hay, mortuaries, (Easter offering and surplice 
 fees excepted). 
 
 In the number and perfect preservation of the tombs 
 of its Lords, Harewood Church surpasses every parish 
 church in the county. The following description of these 
 will, it is hoped, be read with interest:
 
 THE PARISH CHURCH. 107 
 
 1st. Under the arch on the N. side of the chancel, is 
 Sir Eichard Redman, Knt., and wife, Elizabeth, daughter 
 and co-heiress of Sir William Aldburgh, 1422. A 
 whiskered knight in pointed helmet, with a corolla and 
 plain frontlet, gorget up, collar of SS intermixed with 
 some arbitary ornament like a pomegranate round the 
 shoulder, elbow and knee pieces, belt studded and in a 
 rondeau, in the centre a spread eagle ; sword and dagger, 
 lion at his feet, the crest on the helmet under his head, 
 a horse's head with a curled mane issuing from a coronet. 
 
 His lady has an arched head-dress, a necklace with a 
 heart in a square, short waist and broad belt, plaited gown, 
 loosed sleeves buttoned to the wrist; rings on the second, 
 third, and fourth fingers of both hands ; angels hold a 
 double cushion under her head, two dogs with studded 
 collars at her feet, her toes appearing at each side ; two 
 angels kneel and hold a shield each under five wide taber- 
 nacles, the centre one void, something like a chief on the 
 femme on the north side. 
 
 No. 2. Under the arch in the south wall of the chan- 
 cel. Tomb of Sir William Ryther, of Ryther, Knt., and 
 Sybill, his wife, the other daughter and co -heiress of Sir 
 Wm. Aldburgh, Knt., of Harewood Castle, he died 1440. 
 This is an alabaster knight with whiskers, and in a 
 pointed helmet, adorned with a corolla and plain frontlet ; 
 plain gorget reaching to his chin, band of SS round 
 shoulder, elbow and knee pieces, gauntlets; studded belt, 
 with blank shield in centre, cuisses and greaves studded 
 up the outside; on the hilt of his sword I.H.S., spurs 
 with many rays, lion at the feet. His head rests on a
 
 108 THE PARISH CHURCH. 
 
 helmet, with the dragon's head for crest. On each side 
 of the tomb four niches between finials and five shields 
 alternately. A shield at the head seems to have been 
 ermine. His lady has the furbust, arch head-dress stud- 
 ded, the button on her breast seems charged with some 
 letters, her gown plaited, her toes out against a dog. 
 
 No. 3. At the right hand of the last is, from the crest, 
 a Neville, probably Sir John Neville, of Womersley, Knt., 
 1 482, whose daughter, Joan, married Sir Win. Gascoigne, 
 Kiit. This is an alabaster knight in straight cropt hair, 
 under his head an helmet, with the bull's head for crest, 
 his mail gorget just appears, and round his neck a collar 
 of SS. His armour is plaited, his gauntlets half handed, 
 rings on his fingers, sword and dagger at his sides, 
 defaced lion at his feet. His lady has a noble flowing 
 veil, parted gorget, and gown girt round the waist, double 
 cordon and belt, mitten sleeves plain, a long straight- 
 tailed flap-eared dog at her feet, and one up the side. 
 At the sides of this tomb, under nine flowered arches 
 with finials, are five knights in plated armour, their hands 
 elevated, and the figures of St. Lawrence with his gridiron, 
 St. John the Evangelist with his cup, St. James with his 
 purse and escallop, bible and staff. The shields have 
 been blazoned, but there remains only the fernme side of 
 one, lozenge azure or vert. At the head St. John the 
 Baptist with the lamb, St. Anthony with book and staff 
 pendant from his girdle, and a pig with a bell at his feet; 
 and between these two saints, two angels hold a large 
 shield. On the south side, under eight arches, are eight 
 women with their hands elevated, and on their heads a 
 kind of bonnet ornament.
 
 THE PARISH CHURCH. 109 
 
 No. 4. In the south aisle, under the arch, is the tomb of 
 Sir Richard Franks and his wife, of Alwoodley Hall. It 
 is an alabaster knight with cropt hair, his face old and 
 wrinkled, no beard nor whiskers, his head on an helmet, 
 
 whose crest is , against the helmet a shield 
 
 with a saltire G. His gorget is mail standing up and 
 strapped round his neck; his armour plated, fastened with 
 bows on the shoulder and elbow plates; his gauntlets half 
 handed, reaching over his fingers, on each third finger a 
 ring, and also on the middle and first fingers of the right 
 hand; his sword gone, but the dagger remaining, and a 
 lion at his feet. His lady, hid under the round arch, has 
 a high coiffure, plaited in front, a plaited gorget up to her 
 chin, her hands elevated resting on a stay, a ring on the 
 third finger of the left hand, and a larger with a stone on 
 the forefinger of the right, three cordons pendant; angels 
 hold a cushion under her head ; her toes stand up, and at 
 her feet is a dog and one up the side of each foot. On 
 the north side of the tomb, under eleven narrow arches 
 with shields, are six women in mitred falling head-dresses 
 with their hands elevated, and five men in plated armour. 
 At the head four knights with daggers, one holds before 
 him a poleaxe in his left hand. The east and south sides 
 of this tomb are concealed by the walls of the church. It 
 is in an excellent state of preservation and of most elab- 
 orate workmanship. 
 
 No. 5, Is the tomb of Sir Richard Redman, Knt. and 
 wife, Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Wm. Gascoigne, of Gaw- 
 thorpe, 1450. This Sir Richard is grandson of the pre- 
 vious Sir Richard Redman. It is an alabaster knight in 
 flowing hair, stiff gorget of corded mail, collar of S.S.
 
 110 THE PARISH CHURCH. 
 
 and roses over the shoulders, the gauntlets undivided to 
 the finger ends, helmet under his head, with the Redman 
 crest, a horse's head; loops to the flaps of the plated ar- 
 mour, and under it mail. Under one sole reclines a her- 
 mit on his right arm, with a rosary in his left hand; the 
 tail of the lion at his feet turns against the other sole, his 
 spur is a point in the greave. His lady is dressed in a 
 veil, with a wimple up to her chin, her mantle gracefully 
 fastened on her breast by a lozenge; no rings, but a rosa- 
 ry from her arms, her round toes appear, and dogs hold 
 up her robe at the sides. 
 
 The slab is embattled against the edges, but not above 
 them, two angels hold a shield at the feet and are sided 
 by St. Christopher and St. George, the shield of the latter 
 is the neatest, and has a notch in each side. Two more 
 angels hold a shield in the centre of the south side, sided 
 by a bishop with a crosier blessing; St. Anthony with a 
 book, rosary, staff and pig; a bishop with a crosier bles- 
 sing; St. John with the palm, cup, and dragon; St. Law- 
 rence with gridiron and book ; a crowned saint with a ring 
 and book, probably Edward the Confessor. 
 
 At the head of the tomb are two angels, sided by a 
 crowned saint with arrows and book, St. Edmund; John 
 the Baptist in a camel's skin, holding a lamb in his left 
 hand and pointing to it with his right; and an old saint 
 with a book. 
 
 At the north side some angels and saint with some- 
 thing like loaves and a book; two bishops with a crosier 
 blessing; a nun with her hands elevated; a knight with 
 his hands elevated, with his sword and dagger.
 
 THE PARISH CHURCH. 
 
 Ill 
 
 This tomb formerly stood in the north aisle, opposite 
 the vestry door, but, when the organ was erected, it was 
 removed to its present position. It will amply repay a 
 careful examination, and is not nearly the finest monu- 
 ment in the church, but is allowed to be one of the finest 
 and most elaborate pieces of workmanship of the kind in 
 the kingdom. Gough in his "Sepulchral Monuments" 
 (from whom these descriptions are partly taken) says that 
 it exhibits the completest and most perfect collection of 
 saints he ever saw. 
 
 No. 6, Is the tomb of Sir William Gascoigne, Knt., 
 of Gawthorpe, the immortal Lord Chief Justice, and 
 Elizabeth, his wife, daughter of Sir W. Mowbray, Knt., 
 1419.
 
 112 THE PARISH CHURCH. 
 
 Gascoigne! thy tomb a fitting altar is, 
 Whereon to swear the patriot Englishman, 
 When he devotes him to his country's cause. 
 Reverently kneeling by this hallow'd marble, 
 He shall recall thy resolute worth, and draw 
 New virtue from the holy recollection. 
 Thine was the dauntless hand which dared chastise 
 E'en England's son, for England's outraged honor: 
 Bending him to her loftier majesty. 
 The noblest lesson ever taught a Prince 
 Whereby to value his expectant throne; 
 Proudly illustrated in after years. 
 
 Here liest thou well, 
 In this twice consecrated sanctuary, 
 WTiich Nature and Devotion join to bless, 
 And thy tomb, eloquent as thy storied deed 
 Hath yet a prevalent voice for England's weal; 
 When Harewood, with a filial reverence gazing, 
 Shall, e'en with worship, mingle thoughts of thee 
 And sin not. 
 
 Spencer's Vale of Bolton. 
 
 He is represented in a hood covering his ears, which 
 are seen through, and falling in a flap at the sides of the 
 face, his hair just appearing under it, his head reclining 
 on a double cushion, supported by angels. He is habited 
 in a cloak or mantle over his robes, buttoned on the right 
 shoulder, the sleeves edged with ermine, and under it are 
 buttoned straight sleeves down to the wrists; his belt 
 hanging down is studded with roses, at his left side a 
 purse hangs from it, neatly tied with tasseled strings ; 
 and at his right side an anelace. A lion couches at his 
 feet. 
 
 His lady by his side has the reticulated head-dress, 
 rather flattened on the forehead, and over it a circle of roses.
 
 THE PARISH CHURCH. 113 
 
 Her head rests on a double cushion supported by angels, 
 her mantle has a deep falling cape, and is buttoned over 
 the breast, and fastened with a broad belt and large buckle 
 round the waist, which is short; the gown under it is 
 plaited before ; at her feet a collared dog of the grey- 
 hound kind lays his paws on her gown. 
 
 At the sides of the tomb five angels stand and hold two 
 plain shields ; two at the north side have something like 
 az. on a pale sable impaling three lions or animals pas- 
 sant guardant, all in a border, or impaling a bend be- 
 tween something undistinguishable. At the feet two 
 angels kneeling holding Old France and England quar- 
 terly. 
 
 Formerly a brass filletting surrounded this tomb with 
 the following inscription: Hie jacet "Williel 8 Gascoigne 
 nuper Capitalis Justiciarius de Banco Henrici nup' Regis 
 Angliae quarti, et Elizabeth uxor ejus. Qui quidem 
 Willielm 8 obiit die Dominica 17 die Decembris, A.D., 
 1419. 
 
 "Here lies William Gascoigne, late Chief Justice of the 
 Bench of Henry the Fourth, King of England, and Eliz- 
 abeth, his wife; which William died on Sunday, the 17th 
 day of December, in the year of our Lord, 1419." Lord 
 Campbell in his lives of the Chief Justices says "that his 
 tomb represents him in a kneeling posture between his 
 two wives." This error has arisen from the fact, not 
 generally known, that formerly there was a brass of the 
 Chief Justice between his two wives, (for by reference to 
 the account of the Gascoigne family it will be seen that 
 he was married twice) inserted in the south wall of the
 
 114 THE PAEISH CHURCH. 
 
 church, close to his monument with the following inscrip- 
 tion "Orate pro animabus Will : Gascoigne et Elizabeths, 
 et Johannis uxor: ejus." Whitaker has fallen into the 
 error of imagining that this inscription has reference to 
 a missing tomb of another member of this family. So 
 late as the year 1742, although the inscription was gone, 
 yet the portrait of the judge and his wives was in pretty 
 good condition. 
 
 Glover, the Somerset Herald, who made a visitation of 
 Yorkshire, in the years 1584 and 5, (and whose labours 
 as far as it regards Harewood, I have a copy from the 
 Har: Mss:, 1394, fol. 329, &c.) mentions the following 
 tombs with inscriptions, as existing in the church when 
 he visited it. 
 
 "Orate pro Alfrido Manston et Elizabethe uxor: ejus:" 
 
 "Orate pro Animabus Will: Franke et Helense uxoris sute 
 matris." 
 
 In each of these instances, Glover says, that the inscrip- 
 tions are "super tumulum in ecclesia de Harwoode," and 
 this is further corroborated by Dodsworth, whose Mss. re- 
 peats these words verbatim. Dod. vol. 137. 
 
 They cannot refer to brasses, for in every instance 
 where the inscription refers to a brass, it is mentioned. 
 Whatever kind of tombs they refer to, they have dis- 
 appeared. 
 
 The following inscriptions, relating to the Franks, of 
 Alwoodly, (evidently a brass) have also disappeared. 
 They are taken from the Har. Mss., vol. 4630, fol. 210.
 
 THE PARISH CHURCH. 115 
 
 " In Hanvood Church over the heads of Nicholas Franke, 
 of Alwoodly, and Helen, his wife : 
 
 Orate pro animabus Nicholai et Ellene uxoris ejus. 
 
 Over his head : 
 
 Crux et arma Dei conformant spera Nicholai. 
 
 Over her head : 
 
 Et memor esto mei, nos sublevans Eex Adinay. 
 In the south window there over his head : 
 
 Celesti mamma tua, proles nos alat anima. 
 
 Over her head : 
 
 Jesu fili Dei, miserere mei. 
 
 In another place : 
 
 Mater Dei, miserere mei, with Ellis his coat of arms 
 Or: on a plain cross sable, five crescents Arg." 
 
 While the loss of these tombs and brasses, of whatever 
 kind they were, cannot but occasion deep regret, let a 
 true estimate be laid upon those that are left. It is sad 
 to look upon the mutilated magnificence of the tombs at 
 present in the church, covered over in all directions with 
 names and initials cut in the marble, broken swords, 
 broken noses and fingers, at once indisputable evidences 
 of the grossest neglect and the most wanton mischief. 
 When one looks at these monuments, it seems as if the 
 two great families of the place, the Lords of Gawthorpe 
 and the Lords of the Castle, vied with each other for a 
 period of 100 years, in the elegance and sumptuousness 
 of their tombs. 
 
 The contemporary ones have all the appearance of 
 having been executed by the same artist, who must have
 
 116 THE PARISH CHURCH. 
 
 been a man of great genius. An examination of the one 
 in the arch in the south wall, which has, from its position, 
 escaped mutilation, proves both from its design and execu- 
 tion, to be the handiwork of an eminent sculptor, and the 
 others in their primitive state must have been equally as 
 good. It would be difficult to imagine the grandeur of 
 the chancel of the old church, with its stained glass 
 windows and oak stalls, the numerous brasses which 
 undoubtedly existed, and these magnificent monuments, 
 fresh from the chisel and glittering in polychrome. 
 
 I do sincerely hope that some measures will soon be 
 taken to preserve them from further injury, by screening 
 this little chapel and placing it under lock and key. Their 
 number, historical importance, unique workmanship, and 
 antiquarian value, imperatively demand that they should 
 be most jealously guarded and protected from everything 
 that would cause them the slightest injury. 
 
 In the south chapel is a large and well executed mural 
 monument to the memory of Sir Thomas Denison, Judge 
 in the court of King's Bench. He was the son of a 
 clothier at the North Town End, in Leeds, and was 
 elevated to this high dignity by his sole merit as a lawyer. 
 The present speaker of the house of commons, the Rt. 
 Hon. John Evelyn Denison, is his lineal descendant. 
 
 Underneath his bust is the following elaborate inscrip- 
 tion, generally attributed to the Earl of Mansfield, who 
 was his intimate friend : 
 
 To the Memory of 
 
 Sir Thomas Denison, Kn!: 
 
 This Monument was erected
 
 THE PARISH CHURCH. 117 
 
 By his afflicted Widow. 
 
 He was an affectionate Husband, a generous relation 
 A Sincere Friend, a good citizen 
 
 An Honest Man. 
 
 Skilled in all the learning of the Common Law 
 He raised himself to great eminence 
 
 In his Profession ; 
 And show'd by his Practice, 
 
 That a thorough knowledge of legal art and form 
 
 Is not litigious, or an instrument of Chicane 
 
 But the plainest, easiest, and shortest way, 
 
 To the end of strife. 
 
 For the sake of the Public, 
 
 He was pressed, and at last prevail'd upon 
 
 To accept the Office of a Judge 
 
 In the Court of King's Bench. 
 
 He discharged the important trust 
 
 Of that High Office 
 With unsuspected integrity, and uncommon Ability. 
 
 The clearness of his understanding, 
 
 And the natural probity of his heart, 
 
 Led him immediately to Truth, Equity, and Justice. 
 
 The precision, and extent of his legal knowledge 
 
 Enabled him always to find the right way 
 
 Of doing what was right. 
 A zealous friend to the Constitution 
 
 Of his country, 
 He steadily adhered to the fundamental Principle 
 
 Upon which it is built, 
 ^* And by which alone it can be maintained, 
 
 A religious application of the inflexible Rule of Law 
 To all questions concerning the Power of the Crown, 
 
 And Privileges of the Subject. 
 
 He resigned his Office Feby. 14th, 1765, 
 
 Because from the decay of his health 
 
 And loss of his sight 
 
 He found himself unable any longer to execute it. 
 He died Sept. 8th, 1765, without issue, 
 
 Q
 
 118 THE PARISH CHURCH. 
 
 In the 67th year of his age. 
 
 He wished to be buried in his native County 
 
 And in this Church. 
 
 He lies here 
 
 Near the Lord Chief Justice Gascoigne, 
 
 Who by a resolute & judicious exertion of Authority, 
 
 Supported Law and Government in a manner 
 
 Which has perpetuated his name, 
 And made him an example famous to Posterity. 
 
 In the same chapel and on the south wall is a monument 
 to the memory of Dame Anne Denison, wife of the above 
 Judge Denison. By her will, dated 21st September, 1782, 
 it appears that she left the interest of 20 in the 3 per 
 cent, consols, (now amounting to ,40) for the purpose of 
 beautifying and keeping in repair these monuments of 
 herself and husband, and if any surplus annually remains 
 after deducting the expenses, the same is to be distributed 
 amongst such poor persons of the parish as the trustees 
 for the time being shall think fit. 
 
 The inscription on her tomb is as follows : 
 
 In the same Vault with those of 
 
 Her late husband 
 Sir Thomas Denison, Knt, 
 
 And agreeable to her will 
 Are deposited the remains of 
 
 Dame Ann Denison, 
 
 Daughter of Robert Smithson, Esq. 
 
 She departed this Life 
 
 the 1st of July, 1785. 
 
 In the 72nd year of her Age.
 
 THE PARISH CHUECH. 119 
 
 The following inscription is on an elaborate mural 
 monument in the south aisle : 
 
 In Eemembrance of Fairfax Fearnley 
 Of the Middle Temple, London, 
 
 Barrister-at-Law ; 
 
 Who departed this Life 
 
 The 29th day of October, 1791, 
 
 In the 59th year of his Age. 
 
 This monument was erected by his 
 
 Executrix. 
 
 Fairfax Fearnley resided at Oakwell Hall, near Birstal. 
 He was a celebrated Sessions Lawyer, and a frequent 
 visitor at Harewood House, where he died suddenly. It 
 is said he used frequently to fall asleep during the con- 
 certs there. His memory was great, and by the applica- 
 tion of his talents to the law, he attained considerable 
 eminence in this part of Yorkshire. The following 
 epitaph is his composition, and is only curious from the 
 fact of the stone being ready cut and prepared long before 
 the death of him whom it commemorates : 
 
 "Amos Street, of Birstal, huntsman to Mr. Feamley, of 
 Oakwell, departed this life October 3rd, 1777." 
 
 This is to the memory of Old Amos, 
 
 Who was, when alive, for hunting famous, 
 
 But now his chases are all o'er 
 
 And here he's earth'd, of years fourscore. 
 
 Upon this stone he's often sat 
 
 And tried to read his epitaph ; 
 
 And thou who dost so at this moment 
 
 Shalt, ere long, somewhere lie dormant.
 
 120 THE PARISH CHURCH. 
 
 Chancel, south side, on two plain brass plates on the 
 floor are the following: 
 
 In Memory of 
 
 Kev. Chr. Jackson, A.B., 
 
 Vicar of this Church 28 years, 
 
 He died 27th Deer., 1792, 
 
 Aged 70 years. 
 
 Elizabeth Jackson, 
 
 Wife of the Eev. C. Jackson, 
 
 died 2nd August, 1792, 
 
 Aged 73 years. 
 
 On a small triangular stone : 
 
 M. S. 
 
 Edmund Boulter, 
 
 ob: MDCCXXXVI. 
 
 JEt. 57. 
 
 Within the altar rails, on a small square stone, is the 
 annexed inscription: 
 
 M. S. 
 
 K- Knight, 
 
 Huj : Eccl : Vic : 
 
 ob : MDCCXLVII. 
 
 JEt. 68. 
 
 Chancel, north side, on a plain stone in the floor: 
 
 M. S. 
 
 Jno. Hepworth, 
 
 Huj : Eccl : Vic : 
 
 ob : MDCCI. 
 
 JEt. 72.
 
 THE PARISH CHURCH. 
 
 Underneath the chancel is the family vault of the 
 Lascelles, made in the year 1795. It contains 36 cata- 
 combs, and the following members of the family lie 
 interred there: 
 
 The Kt. Hon. Edwin, Lord Harewood, died 25th January, 
 1795, aged 81. 
 
 The Hon. Ann, Lady Harewood, died 22nd Feb., 1805, aged 61 . 
 
 Francis Lascelles, Esq., fifth son of the Hon. Henry Lascelles, 
 died 2nd Feb., 1814, aged 12. 
 
 The Et. Hon. Edward, Lord Viscount Lascelles, died 4th June, 
 1814, aged 51. 
 
 The Et. Hon. Edward, first Earl of Harewood, died 3rd April, 
 1820, aged 81. 
 
 The Hon. Frederick Lascelles, sixth son of the second Earl 
 of Harewood, died Oct. 13th, 1823, aged 20. 
 
 The Et. Hon. Lady Mary Ann York, second daughter of the 
 first Earl of Harewood, died 10th June, 1831, aged 56. 
 
 William Spencer, eldest child of the Hon. William and Lady 
 Caroline Lascelles, died Dec. 14th, 1824, aged 1 year. 
 
 The Et. Hon. Henrietta Sanders, Countess of Harewood, 
 wife of Henry, second Earl of Harewood, died 18th 
 Feb., 1840, aged 69. 
 
 The Et. Hon. Henry, second Earl of Harewood, died 24th 
 Nov., 1841, aged 73. 
 
 The Hon. Alfred Daniel Lascelles, fifth son of Henry, third 
 Earl of Harewood, died 24th March, 1845, aged 15. 
 
 The Hon. Algernon Francis Lascelles, fourth son of Henry, 
 third Earl of Harewood, died 28th March, 1845, 
 aged 17. 
 
 The Et. Hon William Sebright Lascelles, fourth son of 
 Henry, second Earl of Harewood. died 2nd July, 1851, 
 aged 52.
 
 THE PARISH CHURCH. 
 
 The Kt. Hon. Lady Elizabeth Joan, wife of Lord Viscount 
 Lascelles, died 26th Feb., 1854, aged 28. 
 
 The Kt. Hon. Henry, third Earl of Harewood, died 22nd Feb., 
 1857, aged 59. 
 
 Choir, north side, on a plain white mural tablet, is the 
 following inscription : 
 
 Sacred 
 to the Memory of 
 
 Charlotte, 
 daughter of the 
 
 Hon hle - John & Lady Frances Douglas, 
 
 Died July xiii, MDCCCXL. 
 
 Aged XLVII years. 
 
 On a black slab, inlaid with brass and enamel, is this 
 inscription : 
 
 In Meiuoriam 
 
 William Sebright Lascelles, 
 
 Bom Oct. 29, 1798, 
 
 Died July 2, 1851. 
 
 On a plain tombstone in the north side of the choir : 
 
 Here lieth the Body of 
 Mr. William Lodge, who 
 
 Departed this Life in 
 the 40 th year of his age 
 
 And was here interred 
 AugSt . Q7 th ? 1689 
 
 The following account of this gentleman will be read 
 with interest : 
 
 MR. WILLIAM LODGE 
 
 Was the son of Mr. William Lodge, of Leeds, Merchant, 
 by Elizabeth, daughter of Mr. John Sykes, eldest son of
 
 THE PARISH CHURCH. 123 
 
 Richard Sykes, Esq., one of the first aldermen of that 
 town, (then newly made a corporation by Charles I., 
 1626), here our artist was born, 4th July, 1649, and in- 
 herited an estate of 300 a year. From school he was 
 sent to Jesus College, Cambridge, and thence to Lincoln's 
 Inn, but more pleasurable studies suiting his genius, he 
 attended Thomas, Lord Bellasis, afterwards Viscount 
 Falconberg in his embassy to Venice, where meeting with 
 Giacomo Barri's Pittoresco, wherein are particularized 
 the chief pictures in Italy, and an account of Canon 
 Settala's famous cabinet at Milan ; Mr. Lodge translated 
 it into English, and added of his own graving, heads of 
 the most eminent painters, and a map of Italy, printed in 
 octavo, 1679. While on his travels, he drew various 
 views, which he afterwards etched. 
 
 Returned to England, he assisted Dr. Lister, of York, 
 in drawing rare shells and fossils, which the doctor 
 transmitted to the Royal Society, and are inserted in 
 their transactions ; particularly the table of Snails, No. 
 85 ; the Trochitse and Entrochi, No. 100 ; the Astroites, 
 No. 112; the drawings of which were in Thoresby's 
 Museum, from w r hom Virtue received these memoirs. 
 He also drew for Dr. Lister thirty-four different sorts of 
 Spiders. There was then at York a club of virtuosi, 
 composed of Dr. Martin Lister, John Lambert, Esq., 
 Thomas Kirke, Esq., Mr. Lodge, and Mr. Francis Place. 
 
 Between the two last congenial artists was a strict friend- 
 ship. Once on their rambles, on which they often stayed 
 three or four months, as they were taking views in Wales, 
 they were suspected for Jesuits, (it was at the time of a
 
 THE PARISH CHURCH. 
 
 Popish plot,) seized, imprisoned, and not released but on 
 the appearance of some friends from Chester. Thoresby, 
 who amidst his puerile or anile ideas, could not avoid the 
 superstition of dreams, related to my author, that Lodge, 
 being on a fishing party at Mr. Boulter's, at Gawthorpe 
 Hall, near Harewood, dreamed (it seems he had never 
 dreamed before, and Thoresby quotes Mr. Locke for 
 another mononeirist) that he should be buried in Hare- 
 wood Church. This vexed him as he had destined his 
 sepulture at Gisburne, near Craven, by his mother. A 
 dream is nothing without the completion. Lodge died 
 at Leeds, but as the hearse passed by Harewood, the car- 
 riage broke, the coffin was damaged, and the dream hap- 
 pily fulfilled; the corpse being interred in the choir there, 
 27th August, 1689. Walpoles Catalogue of Engravers. 
 
 On a mural tablet on the south side of the choir : 
 
 Sacred to the Memory of 
 
 Harriet Fenwick, 
 
 Second daughter of Nicholas Lewis Fenwick, 
 
 of Besford Court, in the County of Worcester, 
 
 and of Mary Ann Saunders, his wife, who 
 
 departed this life, at Harewood House, 
 
 December 6th, 1825. 
 
 Aged seven years. 
 
 Her afflicted pai'ents have erected this 
 
 memorial in remembrance of her, and 
 
 to record their deep sorrow. 
 
 John Anley, Gent., 
 
 he died April 3rd, 
 
 Anno Domini 1681.
 
 THE PARISH CHURCH. 125 
 
 On a small stone, at the head of a large black marble 
 slab in the south chapel, is the inscription, 
 
 By Tradition this is the 
 
 Tomb of William de Curci, 
 
 founder of this Church, 
 
 1116. 
 
 Upon enquiry I find, that this stone was formerly in 
 the church yard, reared up against the wall. The late 
 vicar (the Rev. Rich. Hale), had it placed where it now 
 lies, and in pursuance of the common report respecting 
 it, had the above inscription cut on the flag at its head. 
 No doubt, the stone had been removed from the interior 
 when the alterations were made, about the year 1793, 
 during the incumbency of the Rev. John Tattersall. But 
 it is erroneous to suppose that it is the tombstone of the 
 Founder of the Church. It has evidently been covered 
 with brasses of a man and his wife, surmounted by a 
 shield, and an inscription has surrounded the stone. 
 Now brasses were unknown prior to the year 1300, nor 
 did they become general till the close of the fourteenth 
 century, and it would be doubtful indeed, that a brass 
 should be put over the founder's grave nearly 200 years 
 after his death. 
 
 In Anthony a Wood's Mss., in the Ashmolean 
 museum, Oxford, D. 4, I copied the following which 
 throws some light on this: 
 
 "Harwood, Yorkshire. On a tombstone, the brasse being 
 stolne about 1612, Orate pro anima Johannis Thwayts legis 
 periti et justiciarii pacis in com : Ebor LXVI annorum, qui obiit 
 R
 
 126 THE PARISH CHURCH. 
 
 1469, et Isabella uxoris ejus filise Willielmi Kyther militis quae 
 obiit, anno dom: 146 . . . deest ultima figura quia hsec non 
 erat mortua. Kx notus Kich : Gascoigne. AT. 
 
 I had concluded, from the disappearance of the brasses, 
 and some faint traces of the inscription, that this was the 
 tomb of the Thwayts, but Torre settles the matter by 
 giving a drawing of the stone, and particularizing it as a 
 black marble slab 2j yards long, with the name of 
 Thwayts upon it. Torre Mss., 175. 
 
 Eoundell Smithson, 
 
 Also Mary, his daughter, 
 
 She died in the year 1714. 
 
 Henry Smithson, 
 died Decem r - 4 th 
 
 MDCLXXXVTI. 
 
 South Aisle : 
 
 Here lie deposited the 
 
 remains of Henry Waugh, of 
 
 Leeds, who departed this life 
 
 llth of June, 1790. Aged 73 years. 
 
 Also two children of Thos. and 
 
 Ann Harrison of Stubhouse, 
 
 and grandchildren to the 
 
 above Henry Waugh; 
 Thomas died July 6th, 1789, 
 
 Aged 5 years. Sarah Maria, 
 
 July 21st, 1790. Aged 3 years. 
 
 Also Maria, their 4th daughter, 
 
 Who died June 22nd, 1 792. 
 
 Aged 12 weeks.
 
 THE PAEISH CHURCH. 127 
 
 Here lies the body of 
 Thos. Harrison, of Stubhouse, 
 
 who departed this life the 
 1st day of May, 1721. Aged 78 years. 
 
 Also the body of Stephen 
 
 Harrison. He died Nov. 25th, 
 
 1776. Aged LXXX years. 
 
 Sacred to the Memory of 
 
 Maria, the Wife of Stephen 
 
 Harrison, of Stubhouse, & 
 
 Sister to Dame Ann Denison, 
 
 who departed this life 
 Feb y< 11 th , MDCCLXXXI. Aged 84 years. 
 
 Also the body of Thomas 
 Son of Thos. and Ann Harrison, 
 
 and grandson to the above 
 
 Maria, who departed this life 
 
 July 6th, 1789. Aged 5 years 
 
 and seven months. 
 
 To the right of the west door : 
 
 Sacred to the Memory of 
 
 Wm. Popplewell, Esq., late of 
 
 Plumpton, in this county, who lived 
 
 beloved, and died on the 8th of Nov r ., 
 
 1817, sincerely lamented by his 
 Eelations and Friends. Aged 64 years. 
 
 Here lie the remains of Mr. Samuel 
 
 and Mrs. Sarah Popplewell, late of Harewood. 
 
 He continued above thirty years in the capacity 
 
 of steward to Edwin Lascelles, Esq., which office he 
 
 executed with great integrity, and distinguished abilities. 
 
 In him was happily united the loving husband, 
 
 The kind father, the good neighbour, and the upright man. 
 
 In her the kind mistress, the tender mother, 
 
 The dutiful wife, and the good woman.
 
 128 THE PARISH CHURCH. 
 
 And in both, the faithful friend and sincere Christian. 
 
 He died September 22nd, A D 1780 Aged 67 years. 
 She died September 21st, A.D. 1779. Aged 64 years. 
 
 Also near this place lie the Remains of Samuel 
 
 and John, Sons of Samuel and Anne Popplewell, 
 
 and Grandsons of the above named Samuel and 
 
 Sarah Popplewell, who died in their Infancy. 
 
 Here lies the Body of Charlotte, 
 
 the daughter of Samuel and Ann 
 
 Popplewell, of Harewood, who 
 
 died the 16 th Day of June, 1785, 
 
 Aged IV years. 
 
 Henry Castle Menzies, 
 
 Third Son of 
 
 Robert and Harriet Menzies, 
 
 died 31 st January, 1825, 
 
 Aged 14 Days. 
 
 The following inscription in the church yard, is to the 
 memory of Mr. Jewell, the author of the History of 
 Harewood : 
 
 " Interred the Body of John Jewell, of Harewood, who 
 departed this life September 19th, 1823, Aged 50 years. 
 
 Farewell vain world, I've seen enough of thee 
 Regardless now of what thou says of me, 
 Thy smile I court not, nor thy frowns I fear, 
 My soul is fled, my bones He mouldering here." 
 
 Mr. Jewell filled the situation of Porter at Harewood 
 House for nearly 30 years, and having much leisure time, 
 he published the small guide book for the visitors to the 
 house, which at that time he had the privilege of shewing.
 
 THE PARISH CHURCH. 129 
 
 It rapidly passed to a second edition, and is now a rare 
 book with Yorkshire Topographers. 
 
 BENEFACTIONS. 
 Over the south door: 
 
 The interest of 20 left by Michael Hawke, of Harewood, 
 single man, in the year of our Lord, 1615. 
 
 The interest of 20 left by Robert Frank, Esq., of Alwood- 
 ley, hi the year of our Lord, 1619. 
 
 The interest of 20 left by Stephen Harrison, of Stubhouse, 
 in the year of our Lord, 1620. 
 
 The interest of 5 left by Bridget Mallorie, in the year of our 
 Lord, 1622. 
 
 The interest of 5 left by James Burnley, of Burdenhead, 
 in the year of our Lord, 1636. 
 
 The interest of 5, donor's name not known. 
 
 The above sums are all left for the use of the poor of the 
 parish of Harewood. 
 
 To the poor of the township of Harewood, the interest of 
 10 left by Charles Bateman, of Harewood, in the year of our 
 Lord, 1719. 
 
 To the poor of the township of Weeton, one close of ground 
 called Wescho-Hill Close, lying at Wescho-Hill, left by William 
 Wade, in the year of our Lord, 1722, lets at 5 per annum. 
 
 To the poor of the townships of Weeton and Dunkeswick, 
 the sum of 20s. to be paid yearly out of the estate of Mr. 
 Robert Midgeley, lying at Weeton. 
 
 To the poor of the township of East Keswick, one moiety 
 of certain lands and tenements, lying at Clifford and East 
 Keswick, the whole now let at 70 per ann. : left by Richard 
 Dawson, of Collingham, AD. 1608.
 
 130 THE PARISH CHURCH. 
 
 BENEFACTIONS. 
 
 Over the north door : 
 
 To the poor of the parish of Harewood, two closes of ground, 
 called Foxglove Close, aiid Straike-foot Ing, lying at Weeton, 
 left by Anthony Sawdrie, parish clerk, in the year of our Lord, 
 1631. Also an allotment for die same, situate at Huby ; the 
 yearly rent to be used for putting out a boy or girl apprentice 
 yearly within the parish of Harewood ; viz. first year to Hare- 
 wood, second year to Wike, Wigton, Alwoodley, or Weardley; 
 third year to East Keswick, Dun Keswick, or Weeton ; so that 
 it goes to Harewood every third year, viz. first to Harewood, 
 second to Wike, third to East Keswick, fourth to Harewood, 
 fifth to Wigton. sixth to Dun Keswick, seventh to Harewood, 
 eighth to Alwoodley, ninth to Weeton, tenth to Harewood, 
 eleventh to Weardley. None to have the benefit but such as 
 are born in wedlock, whose parents are inhabitants within the 
 parish of Harewood. Within the space of ten years, in defect 
 of a boy or girl in any of the said places, the money to be laid 
 out in grey cloth, and given to the poorest persons there. 
 
 A house and garth at Huby, left by Thomas Harrison, of 
 Stubhouse, which, with the lands before mentioned, are now 
 let for 13 a year. 
 
 Three acres of meadow ground lying hi East Keswick Fitts, 
 left by James Flesher, merchant, of London, AD. 1625, and 
 now exchanged for seven acres or nearly of land lying in the 
 township of East Keswick, known by the name of Barnsley's 
 land, which is now let at 10 10s. per annum. 
 
 The Indenture of the lands at Weeton, left by Anthony 
 Sawdrie, parish clerk, to charitable purposes is of great 
 length, and is at present in the possession of G. Sumner, 
 Esq., of Woodmandsey, near Beverley. It is drawn out 
 between 
 
 , "Anthony Sawdrie, parish clerk, of Harwood, hi the county 
 of York, of the one part, and William Wentworth, son and heir
 
 THE PARISH CHURCH. 131 
 
 apparent of the Eight Honourable Thomas, Lord Viscount 
 Wentworth, Lord President of York, and one of his Majesties 
 most honorable Privy Council; and Matthias Garfurth, clerk, 
 Vicar of Harewood aforesaid; Robert Ffranke, natural son 
 and heir apparent of Robert Ffranke, of Alwoodley, in the said 
 county of York, Esquire ; Robert Maude, son and heir apparent 
 of Robert Maude, of Helthwate Hill, in the said county of 
 York, Esquire; Robert Littlewood, son and heir apparent of 
 James Littlewood, of Brandon, in the said county. Gentleman: 
 Cuthbert Pulleine, son and heir apparent of William Pulleine, 
 of East Keswick, in the said county of York, Yeoman ; and 
 Matthew Rotherie, son and heir of William Rotherie, of Huby ; 
 and William Pickard, son and heir of Richard Pickard, of 
 Weeton, in the said county, Yeoman; and Richard Hopwood, 
 John Newsome, William Massie, and Anthony Waide, church- 
 wardens of the paiish of Hanvood, in the said county of York, 
 of the other part." 
 
 TESTAMENTARY BURIALS. 
 
 A.D. 1419. 
 
 William Gascoigne, Justiciar of England, made his will, 
 (proved 23 Dec. 1419) giving his soul to God Almighty, his 
 Creator, and his body to be buried in the south chapel of the 
 parish Church of All Saints, of Harwoode, appointing 3 
 priests to celebrate there for his soul, the space of 3 years 
 after his death. Torre Mss. 175. 
 
 20 March, 1440. 
 
 Wm. Milner, of Harwod, made his will, (proved 20 April, 
 1441) giving his soul to God Almighty, to St. Mary, and 
 All Saints; and his body to be buried in the church of All 
 Saints, of Harwod. Torre Mss. 1 75. 
 
 Apud Lofthouse, 22 Jan. 1461. 
 
 John Thwaytes made his will, proved , giving his 
 
 soul to God Almighty, and his body to be buried in the parish 
 church of Harwod. Torre Mss. 175.
 
 132 THE PARISH CHURCH. 
 
 22 July, 1490. 
 
 Fr John York, late of Bolton in Craven, Vicar of Harwod, 
 made his will, proved penult August, 1490, giving his soul to 
 Almighty God, and his body to be buried in the quire of the 
 parish church of All Saints, of Harwod. Torre Mss. 175. 
 
 8 Sep., 1510. 
 
 Ed. Eedman, of Harwod, Esq., made his will, proved , 
 
 giving his soul to Almighty God, and his body to be buried in 
 the chapel within the church of Harwod, called Redman's 
 chapel. Torre Mss. 175. 
 
 28 Jan. 1545. 37 H. 8. 
 
 Sir William Gascoigne, of Goukethorpe, Kt., made his will, 
 proved 23 March, 1545, giving his soul to God Almighty, St. 
 Mary, and All Saints, and his body to be buried in the parish 
 church of Harwod, on the S side, where his ancestors did lye, 
 and bequeathed 4 lb - to the setting of a quire ibid, and to make 
 a tomb over his grave. Torre Mss. 175. 
 
 15 May, 1566. 
 
 Percival Walker, Vicar of the parish church of Harwod, 
 made his will, proved 10 July, 1567, giving his soul to God, 
 and his body to be buried in the chancel of the church. 
 Torre Mss. 175. 
 
 23 May, 1567. 9 Eliz. 
 
 William Gascoigne, of Goukethorpe, Esq., made his will 
 proved 18 Jan., 1567, giving his soul to Jesus Xt. his Re- 
 deemer, and his body to be buried in the high quire in the 
 parish church of Harwode, nigh to the place where his ances- 
 tors do lye. Torre Mss. 175. 
 
 8 October, 1575, 18 Eliz. 
 
 William Tempest, of Harwood, Gent., made his will proved 
 giving his soul to God Almighty his Creator and Re- 
 deemer, and his body to be buried in Harwood Church or 
 Churchyard. Torre Mss. 175.
 
 THE PARISH CHURCH. 133 
 
 7 January, 1577. 
 
 William Atherton, of Harwod, Gent , made his will proved 
 19 January, 1577, giving his soul to God Almighty his Creator 
 and Eedeemer, and his body to be buried in the parish church 
 of Harwod. Torre Ms. 175. 
 
 18 November, 1614. 
 
 Lancelot Barwyk, Vicar of the parish church of Harwod, 
 dying intestate, administration of his goods was granted to 
 his widow, Elizabeth, to the use of his children. Torre Ms. 
 175. 
 
 28 April, 1619. 
 
 Matthew Mallory, of Dunkeswick, in the parish of Harwood, 
 Gent., made his will, proved 8 May, 1619, giving his soul to 
 Almighty God, his Creator and Redeemer, and his body to 
 be buried in the church or church yard of Harwode. Torre Mss. 
 
 9 August, 1626. 
 
 Bryan Franke, of Alwoodley, Esq., made his will, proved 
 penult. October, 1626, giving his soul to Almighty God, and 
 his body to be buried in the parish church of Harwode. 
 Torre Mss.
 
 134. THE CASTLE. 
 
 THE CASTLE. 
 
 Harewood Castle is one of those remarkable structures 
 which are occasionally found in the northern counties, pre- 
 senting an odd mixture of convenience and magnificence, 
 with cautious designs for protection and defence. Much 
 of its history is involved in obscurity. It cannot boast 
 of the same historical reputation as Conisbro', Pontefract, 
 or Knaresbro' ; but like the neighbouring castle of Spof- 
 forth it appears to have been re-erected as a noble resi- 
 dence for the Lord of the Manor. It stands on a steep 
 slope at the northern extremity of the village, overlooking 
 the valley of the Wharf in one direction, and to the south 
 east the vale of York. Camden states there was a castle 
 here in very early times. He sa3'S, "After this, AVherf 
 runneth hard by, with his bankes on both sides reared up, 
 and consisting of that limestone, which maketh grounds 
 fat and fertile; where I saw Harewood Castle of good 
 strength, which, by the alteration of times, hath often 
 changed hisLords. Long since it belonged to the Curcies, 
 but by Alice, an Inheritrice, it came to Warm Fitz-Gerold, 
 who had taken her to wife : whose daughter, Margerie, 
 and one of his heires, being endowed with a very great 
 estate of living, was first married unto Baldwin de Rip- 
 ariis, the Earles sonne of Devonshire, who dyed before 
 his father; afterwards to Folque de Brent, by the benefi- 
 cial favour of King John, for his approved service in pil- 
 ling, polling, and spoiling most cruelly. But when at
 
 THE CASTLE. 
 
 135 
 
 length Isabell de Ripariis, Countesse of Devonshire, de- 
 parted this life without issue, this Castle fell unto Robert 
 de L'isle, son of Warin, as unto her cozin in hloud 
 and one of her heires : in the end by those of Aldbor- 
 rough, it descended to the Rithers."* From this state- 
 ment it appears that a castle existed here in very early 
 times, certainly prior to the reign of King John. He 
 however fixes upon no date and it is not at all improbable 
 that the original building was erected during the reign of 
 Stephen who granted permission to the Barons to erect 
 castles, and, during whose short reign of eighteen years, 
 upwards of 1100 of them were erected in various parts of 
 the kingdom. 
 
 Mr. King in his ingenious History of British Castles, 
 gives the following drawings of two windows which form- 
 erly existed, but which have disappeared. 
 
 * Camden passed through Yorkshire about the year 1582.
 
 136 THE CASTLE. 
 
 The style of architecture evidently points to the Nor- 
 man, and the Norman transition period, and strengthens 
 the statement of Carnden, that a castle existed here in 
 very early times. And although the present ruin is refer- 
 red to a much later date, yet it is exceedingly probable 
 that some portion of the old castle is incorporated in the 
 present building, as many parts of the walls of the main 
 body exhibit certain peculiarities in their construction, 
 which may be deemed of considerable antiquity. 
 
 The present edifice is supposed to have been chiefly 
 built about the reign of Edward I., and to have been 
 completed in the reign of Edward III., if any regard is 
 to be paid to the style of architecture, and if any infer- 
 ences are to be drawn from the very peculiar ornaments in 
 various parts of it. The arms of Aldburgh over the en- 
 trance outside, appear to indicate who was the improver, 
 if not the rebuilder of a considerable portion of it. Sir 
 William de Aldburgh, of Aldburgh, in Richmondshire, 
 having married Elizabeth, the only daughter of Robert, Lord 
 de L'isle, about the year 1327, the castle and manor of 
 Harewood were conceded to him by Fine, by his brother- 
 in-law, Robert, Lord de L'isle, of Rougemont. Having 
 made Harewood his chief residence, he set about rebuild- 
 ing and restoring the castle, which was completed during 
 the reign of Edward III. The arms of Baliol, King of 
 Scotland, are placed over the entrance portal in conjunc- 
 tion with Aldburgh. These arms of the Scotch monarch 
 have puzzled every historian who has treated of the 
 Castle. King, Grose, and "Whitaker, each of them have 
 imagined, that Baliol was entertained here when driven 
 out of his kingdom, and that they were put up for a com-
 
 THE CASTLE. 137 
 
 pliment to commemorate the visit. The following extract 
 will I think materially aid in unravelling the mystery. 
 
 "William Aldburgh, Knt., messenger of Edward Baillioll, 
 King of Scotland. 27 Ed. III." Har. Mss., vol. 805, fol. 5. 
 Roll of Scotia X. '27, Ez. No. 5. 
 
 A messenger in those days was a civil servant of very 
 high rank and trust, being appointed by the king, and 
 employed in executing all summonses and letters of dili- 
 gence, both in civil and criminal matters. Here we see 
 then, that Sir William de Aldburgh is holding an import- 
 ant office under the Scotch monarch, but this is not an 
 isolated case, the family appear to have clung to the 
 monarch in his adversity, as in his prosperity. In 1363 
 there is a deed of Sir Richard de Aldburgh, the father of 
 Sir William, executed at Wheatley,* where he probably 
 was an attendant upon the quondam king. 
 
 In 1362, William de Aldburgh gave lands at Willy Haye 
 to the monastery at Beavale, in Nottinghamshire, for the 
 soul of his Lord, Edward Baliol, King of Scotland. 
 
 * After Baliol had conceded all right to the Crown of Scotland, he resided 
 at Wheatley, in the neighbourhood of Doncaster, where he amused himself 
 in hunting and other sports of the field. The scene of these hunting ex- 
 ploits was in Hatfield Chase. There is a curious instrument in the Federa, 
 dated Oct. 19th, 1356, in which a pardon is granted to him for the slaughter 
 he had committed, the amount of which is described with an amusing 
 particularity. In the chase he had killed 16 hinds, 6 does, 8 stags, 3 calves, 
 and 6 kids ; in the park 8 damas, 1 sourum, 1 surellum, (different species 
 of fallow deer); in the ponds 2 pikes of 3^ feet in length, 3 of 3 feet, 20 of 
 2 feet, 20 of 2 feet, 50 pickerels of If feet, 6 of 1 foot; 109 perch, roach, 
 tench, and skelys, and 6 bremes and bremettes. 
 
 The History of the family of Baliol and the rise and fall of their fortunes, 
 ai'e elaborately detailed by Mr. Surtees in his History of Durham.
 
 138 THE CASTLE. 
 
 The arms of Baliol were thrice repeated in the chapel, 
 and were also engraven (in conjunction with their own) 
 upon many of their articles of plate. All these circum- 
 stances go to prove that there was an intimacy of the 
 closest connexion existing between them, and that the 
 arms of the monarch were thus used, not merely to com- 
 memorate a complimentary visit, but as evidences of a 
 friendship which had existed through the vicissitudes of 
 many years, the same through evil report and good report; 
 a friendship which appears to have been mutually appre- 
 ciated and valued. 
 
 May not this connexion also in some measure account 
 for the comparative tranquillity, which this village and 
 immediate neighbourhood enjoj^ed during the frequent 
 incursions of the Scots at that period. It is reasonable 
 to conclude, that they would naturally spare the mansion 
 and manor of one, who was in the service of their own 
 sovereign. 
 
 Between the coats of arms over the entrance portal, is 
 the predestination motto of the Aldburghs, "tJH^T 
 StftfL 1315 SiaH," in old monastic characters. Sir 
 William de Aldburgh's service to the abdicated monarch, 
 does not appear to have placed him in an invidious po- 
 sition with respect to his own sovereign,* for I find that 
 he was summoned to the Parliaments, 49 Ed. III., and 
 2 Richard II. Har. Mss., 805. 
 
 * This is further corroborated by the following extract: 
 "22 July, 44 Ed. III., 1370. To Sir William de Aldburgh, Knt. In 
 money delivered to him in discharge of 40, which he lent to the Lord the 
 King at the receipt of the exchequer, on the 28th day of July, last past, as 
 appears in the roll of the receipt of that day." Issue Roll of Thomas de 
 Brantingham, Bisltop of Exeter, Lord High Treasurer of England.
 
 THE CASTLE. 189 
 
 Upon his death, his son, Sir William, inherited the 
 manor and castle of Harewood. He had married Mar- 
 geria, daughter of Sir Thomas Sutton, of Sutton, in 
 Holderness, widow of Peter de Mauley, seventh Lord 
 Mulgrave. Her will is a most interesting document, ex- 
 hibiting much of the internal economy of the castle, its 
 furniture, plate, &c., and is exceedingly valuable in an 
 antiquarian point of view. I have appended a rough 
 translation. 
 
 Testamentum Dominae Margerise Relictae Domini 
 Willielmi de Aldburgh Militis. 
 
 "In Dei nomine Amen. In die veneris proxime ante 
 festum Michaelis, Anno Domini MCCCXCI, in manerio de 
 Harwode, Ego Margeria, relicta Domini Willielmi de Aldburgh 
 militis nuper defuncti, same mentis existens integraBque memo- 
 rise condo testamentum meum et ordino, in hunc modum. In 
 primis do et lego animam meam Deo, et beatse Marise, et om- 
 nibus Sanctis ejus, et corpus meum ad sepeliendum inter 
 Fratres Predicatores Ebor, juxta sepulcbrum Domini mei 
 antedicti, ibidem sepulti, et xxv libras ceraB pro quinque cereis 
 ad comburendum circa corpus meum in sepultura mea. Item 
 volo et ordino quod c s distribuantur pauperibus, tempore 
 sepultures, pro anima mea. Item do et lego Fratribus Mino- 
 ribus Ebor xx s . Item do et lego Fratribus Carmelitis et 
 Augustinis Ebor xx s . per equales porciones dividendos inter 
 illos. Item do et lego Petro Mauley, filio meo, unum ciphum 
 argenti cum operculo cum arm is de Mauley et patris mei. 
 Item j fatte argenti deaurati cum operculo deaurato. Item 
 unum annulum aureum cum pulchra dyamante. Item duos 
 lectos ; unum de blodio et nigro, cum rosis albis et . rubeis, 
 cum tribus tapetis, duobus blanketes, et duobus linthia- 
 minibus ; alium lectum de opere North folch, cum vul- 
 pibus, cum iiij tapetis, duobus blankets, et duobus lintliia- 
 minibus. Item eidem unam aulam rubeam cum bordura
 
 UO THE CASTLE. 
 
 de blodio, cum armis Ballioli et Aldburgh, cum sex peciis 
 ejusdem sectae. Item eidem septem quyssyns de blodio 
 unius secte. Item eidem unum duplum cum lorica, interius 
 opertum cum rubeo correo capne. Item eidem unum 
 jak defencionis, opertum nigro velveto. Item do et lego 
 Johamri Mauley, filio meo xl libras. Item eidem unum lec- 
 tum de blodio, embroderatum cum arbore et unicorne, cum 
 cellatura et tester, et tribus cortinis et tribus tapetis de blodio 
 duobus blanketis, et duobus linthiaminibus. Item eidem 
 alium lectum de blodio et glauco, cum foliis vitis, cum duobus 
 blanketis, et duobus linthiaminibus. Item eidem alium lectum 
 de viridi et glauco, cum avibus et cuniculis. Item eidem 
 unam culcitram albam punctatam Item eidem unum ciphum 
 argenti cum operculo, cum armis de Sutton et Aldeburgh in 
 nodo operculi. 
 
 Item do et lego Constancies filise meae XL libras. Item 
 unum par laqueorum, et unum filett de perle, unius sectae. 
 Item unum longum filett de perl cum uno treyl rosarum. Item 
 unum alium filett de perle cum quinque foliis. Item ducentas 
 perls, quarum quselibet deconstabat vj d - Item centum, quorum 
 qutelibet valet j d> Item eidem unam togam de scarleto, cum 
 pelle depurat' et reversura de hermyne, et capucio de eadem 
 secta. Item eidem togam sanguineam cum capucio. Item 
 eidam unam clocam de scarleto, fururatam cum menyver. 
 Item eidem unam tunicam rubeam, cum manicis de scarleto. 
 Item eidem unum lectum rubeum imbroderatum cum arbore et 
 leone succumbenti, et armis de Aldeburgh et Tillsolf, cum 
 quatuor tapetis, canabo, et uno matrays, duobus blanketz, et 
 duobus linthiaminibus. Item eidem unam culcitram novam 
 albam. Item eidem unam lectum viridem, imbroderatum cum 
 griffonibus et armis de Aldeburgh cum tribus tapetis, canabo, 
 et uno matrays, duobus blanketz, et duobus linthiaminibus. 
 Item eidem alium lectum de albo et murre vnded. Item eidem 
 unum banquer de blodio et nigro. Item eidem unum ciphum 
 murreum, ligatum cum ligamine deaurato. Item unum alium 
 parvum mirrum, cum operculo de mirro ornato et deaurato. 
 Item eidem duas pecias argenti planas, ejusdem sectse, cum 
 operculis. Item eidem cellam meam meliorem cum freeno.
 
 THE CASTLE. 14 1 
 
 Item do et lego Elizabeth de Mauley, filise meae, ducentaa 
 perls unius sectae. Item eidem unum lectum viride cum 
 rubeis laqueis, cum sex tapetis, canabo, et uno matras, duobus 
 blanketz, et duobus linthiaminibus. Item eidem unum 
 coopertorium de viride et d' or cum leonibus. Item do et lego 
 Petro de Mauley, filio meo, unam culcitram preciosam rub- 
 ram, cum armis Scocise, duos canabos, et duo matras. Item 
 do et lego Johanni de Mauley duos canabos, et duo matras. 
 Et volo et ordino, quod si contingat aliquem de filiis meis 
 mori, antequam habuerit x et viij annos setatis, quod totum 
 legatum per me tali filio, quod in manibus executorum meo- 
 rum volo integre custodiri, vendatur et distribuatur per 
 executores meos, pro animabus Domini mei et mea, in opera 
 pietatis. Et si contingat aliquam de filiabus meis mori, ante 
 tetatem nubilem, et antequam fuerit disponsata, volo confor- 
 miter fieri de omnibus legatis tali filiae per me. Item do et 
 lego Elisotae domicellae mete XL s. Item do et lego Mariae 
 nutrici Domini mei unam togam de blodio, fururatam cum 
 gris.* Item lego Willielmo Newburgh XL s. Item lego fra. 
 tribus Predicatoribus Ebor, ad fabricam campanilis, unam 
 clamidem sanguineam, fururatam cum menyver. Item unam 
 clocam viridem, conformiter fururatam, cum duobus capuciis 
 fururatis, ad idem opus. Et volo et ordino, quod ista legata, 
 prseter funeralia, non ponantur in executione quosque debita 
 Domini mei, nuper defuncti, et mea, plene persolvantur. Et si 
 contingat quod bona mea, praeter legata, non sufficiant ad plenam 
 solutionem debitorum, volo tan tarn defalcationem fieri de legatis t 
 quaa cum predictis bonis sufficiat ad solutionem plenarium 
 debitorum, et extunc legata residua solvi secundum formam 
 superius ordinatum. Item lego Constanciae, filiae mesa, cistam 
 rnbeam, cum armis Mauley, et Sutton depictis superius. Item 
 lego Petro Mauley, filio meo, unum melius basenett cum 
 ventayll. Item unam loricam, qua? fuit Edwardi Ballyo- 
 clyff. Item armaturam pro brachiis tibiis et pedibus, 
 cirotheeas eciam pro manibus. Item lego Constancies, filias 
 
 * This is a pleasing memorial. Her husband had died young. His nurse 
 was still alive, and she leaves to her a scarlet gown set with fur.
 
 THE CASTLE. 
 
 mete, duas mappas novas de opere Parisiensi, et unum manu- 
 tergium duplum. de eodem opere. Item lego Elizabeth do 
 Stapilton unum aunulem aureum inscriptum, "^JCSU fof ttlg 
 
 Residuum vero bonorum meorum, prseter legata et debita, 
 lego Fratribus Predicatoribus Ebor, pro anniversariis Domini 
 mei et meo et ad fabricam Infirm itorii fratrum Conventus 
 Ebor, supradicti. Executores presentis testament! mei et 
 voluntatis meae facio et ordino, dominum Robertum de Roos 
 de Ingemanthorp, et Robertum Wyclyff clericum ; executoram 
 eciam et super visorem omnium praedictorum. facio et ordino, 
 fratrem Johannem de Paryssh, sacree sciencise professorem, 
 ordinis Predicatorum ; sic quod nichil circa predicta mutetur 
 sine ejus bene placito et assensu, nee aliqualiter disponatur. 
 Datum apud Hanvood, die et anno supradictis. Hiis testibus 
 Domino Ricardo de Bilesfeld rectore ecclesiae de Kh'kby or 
 blawers, Domino Rogero de Midelton capellano, fratre Johanne 
 Schaklok ordinis Predicatorum, Willielmo Gilson clerico, et 
 Edmundo Whilhill, pvesentibus dum prsesens testimentum 
 manu propria sigillavi, ac eciam Willielmo Newburgh ac eciam 
 Johanne Thornton. 
 
 Prob. xix Oct., MCCCXOI. 
 
 TRANSLATION. 
 
 Will of Dame Margery, relict of Sir William de Aid- 
 burgh, Knt. 
 
 In the name of God, Amen. On the day coming next 
 before the feast of St. Michael, A.D. 1391, in the manor of 
 Harwod, I Margery, relict of Sir William de Aldburgh, Knt , 
 lately deceased, being of sound mind and good memory, make 
 and ordain my last testament in manner following. First, I 
 give and bequeath my soul to God and the Blessed Mary, and 
 to all his Saints, and my body to be buried amongst the Friars 
 Preachers, near the tomb of my aforesaid lord there buried, 
 and 25 Ibs. of wax for five candles to be burned around mv
 
 THE CASTLE. 143 
 
 body in my sepulture. Also I will and ordain that 100 s. be 
 distributed to the poor, at the time of my sepulture, for my 
 soul. Also I give and bequeath to the Friars Minors at York, 
 20 s. ; to the Friars Carmelites and Augustines of York, 20 s., 
 in equal portions ; Also I give and bequeath to Peter Mauley 
 my son, one cup of silver, with a lid bearing the arms of Mau- 
 ley and my father. Item one silver gilt fatte with a gilt lid ; 
 also one gold ring with a fair diamond ; also two beds, one of 
 crimson and black with white and red roses, with three coverlets, 
 two blankets, and two linen sheets ; the other bed of Northfolk 
 work with foxes, with four coverlets, two blankets, and two 
 sheets. Also to the same, one red tapestry with crimson 
 border, with the arms of Baliol and Aldburgh, (cum sex peciis 
 ejusdem secte.J Also to the same, seven cushions of scarlet 
 (unius sectte.J Also to the same, one doublet with breastplate. 
 Also to the same, one jak of defence closed with black velvet. 
 
 Also I give and bequeath to John Mauley, my son, 40 ; 
 one bed of scarlet embroidered with a tree and unicorn, with 
 (cellatura) and tester, three curtains, three scarlet coverlets, two 
 blankets and two sheets. Also another bed of crimson and 
 grey with vine leaves, two blankets, and two sheets ; also ano- 
 ther bed of green and gi'ey, with birds and rabbits ; also one 
 white dotted pillow ; and one cup of silver with a lid, with the 
 arms of Sutton and Aldburgh on the knob of the lid. 
 
 Also I give and bequeath to Constance, my daughter, 40, 
 also one pair (lacqueorum,) and one fillett of pearl of one suit, 
 also one fillett of pearl with one treyl of roses, also one other 
 fillett of pearl with 5 leaves, also 200 pearls of which any one 
 is worth 6d., also 100 of which any one is worth Id. Also one 
 scarlet gown trimmed with ermine, with a hood of the same 
 suit, also a red cloak with hood, one cloak of scarlet, furred 
 with mynevor, one red tunic with scarlet sleeves, one red bed 
 embroidered with a tree and lion lying down, and the arms of 
 Aldburgh and Tillsolf, with four coverlets, cradle, and one 
 mattrass, two blankets, and two sheets ; also one new white 
 pillow ; also one green bed embroidered with griffins and the
 
 144 THE CASTLE. 
 
 arms of Aldburgh, with three coverlets, mattrass, blankets, 
 and sheets ; also one (banquer) of scarlet and black, also one cup 
 of spar, with a spar lid adorned and gilded, also two plain pieces 
 of silver of the same suit with lids, also my better saddle and 
 bridle. 
 
 Also I give and bequeath to Elizabeth de Mauley, my daugh- 
 ter, 200 pearls of one suit, one green bed with red fret work, 
 six coverlets, mattrass, blankets, and sheets, also one coverlet 
 of green and gold, with lions. Also I give and bequeath to 
 Peter de Mauley, my son, one precious red pillow, with the 
 arms of Scotland, two (canabos,) and two mattrasses. 
 
 Also I give and bequeath to John de Mauley two (canabos,) 
 and two mattrasses. And I will and ordain, that if any of my 
 sons should die, before he attain the age of eighteen years, 
 the whole of the legacy of the said son, Avhich remains in the 
 hands of my executors, shall be distributed by them, for the 
 souls of me and my lord, in works of piety. And if any of my 
 daughters die, before they shall be of a marriageable age, and 
 before they shall be espoused, the portion of such daughter 
 shall be made conformable to my other legacies. Also I give 
 and bequeath to Elisot my housekeeper 40, to Maria my 
 husband's nurse one scarlet gown, furred with gris; to Wm. 
 Newburgh 30; to the Friars Preachers, at York, to build a 
 tower, one mantle, furred with mynevor, also one green 
 cloak similarly furred, with two furred hoods of the same 
 work. And I will and ordain that these legacies (after the funeral 
 expences) shall not be put in execution, until all the debts of 
 my husband, lately deceased, and of me, shall be fully paid. 
 And if it happen that my goods, except the legacies shall not 
 be sufficient to make full payment of the debts, I will that so 
 much deduction shall be made of the legacies, as will leave 
 sufficient goods rally to pay all the debts, and then the legacies 
 left shall be paid according to the forms above ordained. Also 
 I bequeath to Constance, my daughter, a red chest, with the 
 arms of Mauley and Sulton painted upon it. Also I bequeath 
 to Peter Mauley, my son, one best bassinett with head, also
 
 THE CASTLE. 145 
 
 one cuirass which was Ed. Baliol's, also armour for the arms, 
 legs, and feet, also gauntlets for the" hands; also I bequeath 
 to Constance, my daughter, two new napkins of Parisian work, 
 and one pair of gloves of the same work. Also I bequeath to 
 Elizabeth de Stapylton one gold ring, inscribed "Jesu be my 
 help." 
 
 The residue of my goods, after the legacies and debts are 
 discharged, I bequeath to the Friars Preachers, at York, for 
 the anniversaries of me and my husband, and to build an 
 Infirmary of the brethren at York. Of this my testament and 
 will, I make and ordain Sir Kobert de Eoos, of Ingemanthorp, 
 and Robert Wycliff, clerk, to be executors of this my testament 
 and will ; and Bro. John de Parish, professor of sacred sciences, 
 of the order of preachers, to be supervisor of the said will, 
 that nothing shall be changed, nor anything be disposed, with- 
 out his good will and assent. Dated at Harwood on the day 
 and year above stated, these being witnesses: Sir Eichard 
 de Bilesfield, Rector of the Church of Kirkby o'er blawers ; 
 Sir Roger de Midleton, Chaplain; Bro. John Shacklok, of the 
 order of preachers; Will Gilson, clerk; and Edmund Whit- 
 tile, present when I sealed this testament with my own hand, 
 and also Wm. Newbergh, and also John Thornton. 
 
 Proved 19 Oct., 1391. 
 
 Sir William de Aldburgh dying without issue the castle 
 and manor descended to his sisters : Elizabeth married 
 first, to Sir Bryan Stapylton, of Carlton, and secondly, 
 to Sir Richard Redman, Knt., of Redman and Levens, 
 in Westmoreland; and Sybill, married to Sir William 
 Ryther, of Ryther Castle, near Selby. Some particulars 
 respecting these families have already been given. It is 
 a singular fact that after the marriage of these co-heiresses, 
 the Rythers and Redmans, during eight descents of the 
 one, and nine of the other, seemed to have lived on such 
 amicable terms, that they not only kept the estate
 
 146 THE CASTLE. 
 
 undivided, but they appear to have inhabited the castle 
 alternately. The frequent intermarriages of these two 
 families, with the Gascoignes, of Gawthorp, and other 
 neighbouring families, certainly support this opinion. 
 For nearly 300 years were the Redmans and Rithers joint 
 Lords of Harewood. The two last inhabitants of the 
 castle were James Rither, and his son and heir Robert 
 Ryther. 
 
 James Rither was bom in 1536 and died in the castle 
 in the year 1596. He was an Esquire of the Body to 
 Queen Elizabeth, and a warm and attached friend to Lord 
 Burghley, the celebrated statesman. The following letters 
 written by him respecting the incursions of the Scots, 
 who were very troublesome about that period, will be read 
 with interest. 
 
 Writing to Lord Burghley, from Harewood Castle, 
 Aug. 29, 1590, he says, 
 
 "We have many Skottish Wytts amongst us. The 
 Borderers' property of taking more than his own (for they 
 never steal) is gotten so into us that cattell, sheep, and horses 
 were never so hard to keepe from theeves handes, even in the 
 hart of this shire, as now ; the complaintes are many and 
 great, the redress small. 
 
 The Lord in his mercy graunt us all trew English heartes, 
 and preserve our such vigilant preservers as he bath hitherto 
 blessed us with, under this her Majesty's most flourishing 
 Empire, which we humbly beseech him to continue in his 
 accustomed favour." Lansdowne Mss., vol. 57.
 
 THE CASTLE. 147 
 
 Lansdowne Mss.. Vol. 57, No. 14. 
 
 Mr. Either, 1588. Ag: y e Scots. 
 To the right honorable 
 my veri good Lord the 
 
 Lord High Treasurer of Eng: 
 
 In thes tymes of expectid 
 
 trebles (right honorable) the Scot to my country w ch cannot 
 well be conteyned in his apointed Lymytts must break out, I 
 hope excusably, god having blessed y r- wisdomes to our peace 
 thes many years past, yet this vicissitude so conversant in 
 human courses will at length work his effect, eternal peace is 
 by the Allmighty established in heaven only. This perjured 
 nation next ours is that w ch I am most Jellius over, to whom 
 this verse may well be aplyed, " Pax Scotise interdum pacis 
 fiducia nunquam, Gens vere punica" 1 an old writer sayth. 
 
 They are a nation by nature delighting in fraud and treson 
 w ch want of force by necessity doth often forward, as Achctons 
 sayd, "Inferior virtute meas divertor ad artes," 2 if they used 
 such in defence of their owen and expected not greater rewardes 
 of their arte, quid nunc expectandum quum spes et metus 
 gemina ope concurrunt, 3 what shall I speak of the gystes and 
 plausible woordes offred by thes and other our enymyes woorse 
 to be lyked than ther drawen swoordes, but as the Troian wyse 
 in counsel 1 and faythfull to his country sayd by the fatall horse, 
 "Quicquid id est timeo Daneos et dona ferentes," 4 commonly 
 under such pleasant baytes by hydin the bytterhookes of such 
 as fysh for our landes, lyves, lybertyes and laws, of all other 
 did the Italien pronounce thes wordes, "Iwill not owe my lyfe 
 to the enymy of my country." My lord I was bom in Kent, 
 brought up in Northamptonshier, dwell nowe in Yorkshier, and 
 
 1. Scotland sometimes enjoys peace, but is never sure of peace, a nation 
 truly Carthaginian. 
 
 2. Inferior in valour, I have recourse to my own artifices. 
 
 3. What is now to be expected, when hope and fear concur with twofold 
 force. 
 
 4. Whatever it is, I fear the Greeks, even when they bring gifts.
 
 1J8 THE CASTLE. 
 
 am often conversant with the people of Kendall, and havinge 
 taken notice of the dyffereiit disposytions w ch from narrow 
 observations of thes severall Inhabytants, I fynd yt an Infallible 
 certanty, that the further north the less trewth, w ch rule they 
 say heer reachyth hence into the hart of Skotland, yt is need- 
 full to gyve an ey to the back doore if the Skottes be our 
 frendes, we may well call them our back frendes, for we have 
 seldom had to do with our foes before, but they hav forsyken 
 at us behynde ; an old English adage : omne malum ab aquilone, 1 
 our forces and myndes of this country are a match for all 
 Skottland yf conduct be answerable. Barwyk is thought by 
 the wiser sort here to be forgotten, considering the danger of 
 thes days. 
 
 But trewly our L d Levetenant assisted with ij meaner ar all 
 painfull and carefull noblemen yf that wyll suffice, yet in comon 
 reson such as busyly guyde a barge hi a calm will not easyly 
 rule a greater vessell in a storm. In myne owen conceyt I 
 nowe perform the partes of Appelles Shomaker, but because 
 many things hav been of late reformyd heer by yr honor's 
 dyrection, I do imbolden myself the more of thes to delyver 
 my dym inspect, w ch som wher ofred worketh no such effect, 
 for that yt is not everywher so well taken as ment. God is my 
 Judg, whose good favour guyd all yr honor's courses, tending 
 ever to his glory and our good. 
 
 yr L ps most humbly, 
 
 JAMES EITHER. 
 Harwood, xvij July, 1588. 
 
 On the 21st July, 1587, Mr. Either wrote to Lord 
 Burghley respecting the base ingrossing of corn at York 
 and Hull. 
 
 On the 9th December, 1 587, he wrote to Lord Burghley 
 respecting Mr. Bellasis, a young gentleman, whom he 
 
 1. All mischief comes from the north.
 
 THE CASTLE. 149 
 
 states to be too weak for military service, and begs his 
 exemption, requesting him to be appointed Justice of the 
 Peace. 
 
 In support of his application Mr. Either states that, 
 from the liberties of York to the edge of Lancashire, 
 there is but one Justice left. 
 
 January 26, 1588. He writes to Lord Burghley res- 
 pecting the increase of alehouses in Yorkshire. 
 
 4 January, 1591. He writes to Lord Burghley from 
 Newgate, stating that he has been thrown into there for 
 a debt he had paid, and, on the 17th of the same month, 
 he wrote again begging that his accusers may be brought 
 to justice. 
 
 Eobert Either, Esq., son and heir of James Either, Esq., 
 was the last resident of Harewood Castle. He retired 
 from Harewood about the year 1630, and took up his 
 residence at Belton, in the isle of Axeholme, in Linjioln- 
 shire, in right of his wife. 
 
 How or by what means the Castle was dismantled I 
 have not been able precisely to discover. One account 
 says positively that it was done in the civil wars, but the 
 fact of it being in a decayed state before Lord Stratford's 
 time, seems to contradict this statement. Another account 
 states that the whole of the Castle Buildings were demol- 
 ished during the reign of Charles the First, but is silent 
 respecting the manner in which they were destroyed. 
 That it was dismantled is apparent from the fact that it 
 was habitable in 1630, and in 1657, when Sir John Cutler 
 became the purchaser of the estate, it was uninhabitable 
 and in a decayed state. The condition of the neighbouring
 
 150 THE CASTLE. 
 
 towns and villages, during this period, corroborate this 
 opinion. This part of Yorkshire was the scene of severe 
 struggles between the Royalists and Parliamentarians. 
 On the 7th of December, 1642, the Earl of Newcastle fell 
 upon the parliamentary garrison at Tadcaster, and a 
 terrible conflict ensued which lasted from eleven to four 
 o'clock, when the Royalists were forced to retreat, many 
 were killed, and 40,000 muskets formed a portion of the 
 spoil. The battle of Marston Moor, fought on the 2nd of 
 July, 1644, must have imperilled most of the castles in 
 this neighbourhood. In this battle 4,000 of the King's 
 forces were slain, 1,500 prisoners were taken, and the 
 spoil comprised 25 pieces of ordnance, 47 colours with 
 Prince Rupert's own standard, 10,000 arms, 2 waggons of 
 carbines and pistols, 130 barrels of powder, and all their 
 baggage. By an order, issued 26 February, 1646, a large 
 number of castles in Yorkshire was dismantled and made 
 untenable, and as this work of demolition took place a 
 few years after the last occupant of Harewood Castle had 
 left it, it is highly probable that this castle formed one of 
 the number thus destroyed. Sir John Cutler is charged 
 with having aided its demolition, by removing both stones 
 and timber for the erection of cottages elsewhere. This 
 charge is certainly supported by one old cottage, the only 
 one remaining in the village, which has every appearance 
 of having been erected with stone from the castle, and 
 has the following inscription over the door, being the 
 initials of Sir John Cutler and the date of erection.
 
 THE CASTLE. 151 
 
 Mr. Boulter also subsequently attempted to use the 
 stone for building and repairing farm buildings, &c., but 
 time had so compacted the mortar and cement, that the 
 workmen soon desisted, finding they could procure the 
 materials from the quarry at a much easier rate. Since 
 this time the venerable old building has remained in statu 
 quo, the walls remaining pretty entire, and forming an 
 object of great beauty to the landscape, full of interest to 
 the traveller and the antiquarian. 
 
 From its present remains the castle appears to have 
 been in figure a right-angled parallelogram, having its 
 sides in the direction of the cardinal points of the com- 
 pass. Two lofty square towers on the S. E. and N. E. 
 angles formed important appendages, both of these 
 contained four storeys of rooms, the fire places and sup- 
 ports for the rafters being still discernible. These towers 
 reached to a height of upwards of one hundred feet, 
 commanding from their elevated position a most extensive 
 look out, and doubtless built expressly for this purpose. 
 Two other towers seem to have existed, one on the N. side, 
 extending upwards from the entrance portal, and a cor- 
 responding one on the S. side, but these latter were not 
 equal in height to the two former ones. 
 
 At present in their ruined state, these towers form no 
 mean addition to the scenery of the valley, with the ivy 
 of ages twisted round them to the very summit. 
 
 "Yet time the tyrant, though not moved to spare, 
 Relented when he struck their finished pride, 
 
 And partly the rude ravage to repair, 
 
 The tottering towers with twisted ivy tied."
 
 152 THE CASTLE. 
 
 It is generally supposed that it has never had a keep, 
 a bailey, or outer gate, but has been left to the single 
 defence of its own walls. These are certainly of a most 
 formidable character, providing for the security of its 
 inhabitants, but not adding much to their comfort. On 
 the E. side, where it would be most exposed in the event 
 of an attack, they are nine feet three inches thick, and in 
 the less exposed parts they are from six to seven feet in 
 thickness. The whole building, as it at present stands, 
 is upwards of 100 feet long, and about 60 broad. Evi- 
 dences, however, are not wanting in favour of the opposite 
 opinion, that the original castle was not left to the defence 
 of its own walls merely. Antiquarians who have visited 
 it in modern times generally agree as to the existence, 
 not only of some outer works, but considerable buildings 
 in connection with it, and Jewel relates that Dr. Story, 
 who visited it in 1790, pointed out many places which 
 had formed parts of it, but were then in ruins and par- 
 tially buried in the adjoining embankments. 
 
 The principal entrance, and in fact the only one, was 
 upon the north side, leading from the level of the ground 
 inwards into a grand portal, forming the basement of a 
 tower. This portal was lofty enough for a man to enter 
 upon horseback, and was defended by a vast portcullis* 
 the groove for which still remains. Inside of this there 
 was another formidable door, apparently of similar 
 
 * For the information of those readers unacquainted with the nature and 
 character of the portcullis, it may be well to explain that it was a strong 
 grating of timber or iron, resembling a harrow, made to slide in vertical 
 grooves, with sharp points at the bottom for the purpose of striking into the 
 ground when it dropped, or destroying whatever it might fall upon.
 
 THE CASTLE. 153 
 
 dimensions and construction as the outer one. This led 
 into the great hall, which some have imagined was divided 
 into two rooms, but this I question for two reasons : 1st, 
 there are no remains or evidences of a partition wall; and 
 Sndly, remnants of the stone seats are still existing the 
 whole length of the room. I therefore conclude that this 
 was in its entire length, the hall where the Lord of the 
 Manor met his vassals and bondmen, and where he held 
 his Court Leet and Court Baron. Bondgate still exists 
 close to the castle, where the bondmen resided. There 
 were three classes of these, bondmen, natives, and villains. 
 Bondmen were those who bound themselves by a covenant 
 to serve for a specified length of time ; natives were 
 those who were born bondmen; and the villains were 
 such as belonged to the land and tilled the lord's 
 demesnes, without having the power of leaving. Here 
 they lived under the shadow and protection of the castle, 
 enjoying the hospitality and bounty of their lord, occu- 
 pied in tilling the land and other servile employments. 
 During war they were engaged on military service, 
 according to the custom of the feudal times. On the 
 approach of danger, they fled to the castle for refuge, and 
 here they led a merry life, even in the midst of danger. 
 
 In England some degree of slavery continued so late 
 as the 16th century. A commission was issued by Queen 
 Elizabeth in the year 1574, for enquiring into the lands 
 and goods of all her bondmen and bondwomen, in order 
 to compound with them for their manumission or freedom, 
 that they might enjoy their own lands and goods as 
 freemen. 
 
 This great hall was also a court of justice. The Lord 
 of the Manor generally had the privilege of judging male-
 
 154 THE CASTLE. 
 
 factors taken within his manor, and a gibbet and gallows 
 for the execution of such offenders, were appendages 
 to all large castles. Such was the case with Harewood 
 Castle, and this is evidence of its importance and 
 antiquity. 
 
 The place of execution was called Gallow Hill and is 
 marked as such upon an old map in my possession. It 
 stood adjoining the ruins of Stockton-town near to where 
 the reservoir now is. Here many a poor criminal has 
 suffered the extreme penalty of the law, before the power 
 of hanging was taken awaj r from the lords. Formerly 
 there used to be, in connexion with most of these places 
 of execution, a pit to drown the women thieves in. The 
 laws and punishments were uncommonly severe in ancient 
 times against stealing. 
 
 By one of the laws of Ina, a Saxon King, not only was 
 the thief to be hanged, but if his family knew of the theft, 
 they were all made slaves. The gibbet law which formerly 
 existed, at Halifax and other places, by which "any person 
 who stole cloth or any other commodity of the value of 
 thirteen pence halfpenny, should, after the lapse of three 
 market days, be taken to the gibbet, and there have his 
 head cut off from his body," is a remnant of the ancient 
 jurisdiction exercised by the Lord of the Manor, and 
 existed there so late as the year 1650, when two criminals 
 were executed. This privilege of executing felons by 
 Lords of Manors was not taken away by any statute, but 
 was lost by desuetude, on itinerant judges being appointed 
 to take circuits, and dispense justice periodically through 
 the kingdom.
 
 HAREWOOD CA!
 
 THE CASTLE. 155 
 
 The great hall is 54 feet 9 inches long and 29 feet 3 
 inches broad. The most singular thing in this room and 
 indeed in the whole castle, is a recess in the upper part 
 of the south wall. It has all the appearance of a most 
 elaborate tomb, and in fact it has been described as such 
 by King, Grose, and all the earlier writers. Dr. Whitaker 
 was the first to contradict this statement, and in this 
 respect he is most assuredly correct. He says "If it is 
 a tomb, whose is it ? Certainly not the supposed founder 
 of the Castle, for he was buried in the Parish Church.* 
 Besides whoever dreamt in those days of being interred 
 in unconsecrated ground ? or what heir would have 
 permitted so incongruous a circumstance in a scene of 
 conviviality." The original slab has however been removed, 
 and instead of a stone coffin, nothing appears but a mass 
 of solid grout work, while, instead of kneeling figures of 
 priests or children, beneath appears on a sort of frieze, 
 a light and elegant enrichment of vine leaves and grapes. 
 From this last circumstance, combined with its situation 
 near the head of the high table, he says, that it is un- 
 doubtedly an ancient sideboard. 
 
 Over the entrance portal was the portcullis room com- 
 municating with the great hall, by a staircase in the wall, 
 forming a safe and speedy pathway to the principal point 
 of defence in case of danger. Above the portcullis room 
 was the chapel, this, in a similar manner, communicated 
 
 * Whether D'Lisle or Aldburgh is here meant is immaterial. There is 
 no evidence that the former was buried in the Parish Church. If he had 
 been, it is exceedingly probable that some evidence of it would have remained 
 to the present day. Sir Wm, de Aldburgh however was buried at Aldburgh, 
 his native place, a splendid brass covering his tomb, which still exists.
 
 156 THE CASTLE. 
 
 with the state-room over the great hall, by an internal 
 staircase. This chapel, which might more properly be 
 called an oratory, was richly ornamented with the arms 
 of many noble families. Most of these have now disap- 
 peared, but the following is a correct copy from the 
 transcript of Glover's Survey, made in 1584, and preserved 
 in the British Museum. Some of these were painted on 
 wood, glass, and metal, and these are stated to have had 
 the proper blazonings, whereas the arms in stone were 
 not blazoned at all. The former ones of course have all 
 disappeared, but most of the latter are still discernible.
 
 3n .J&agna (famera aptxtl % 
 
 Bab'ol. 
 
 TTnvenge . 
 
 -lltlbraugh <t- Sutton . 
 
 fbnstablf . 
 
 Jtofi.
 
 THE CASTLE. 157 
 
 ARMS IN THE CASTLE. 
 
 No. 1. Redman and Daincourt. 
 
 Redman bore gules, 3 cushions ermine, buttons and 
 tassels, or. 
 
 Daincourt bore arg. a fesse dancette, between 8 billets, or. 
 
 This shield is really Redman, quartering Aldburgh, 
 impaling Daincourt quartering Strickland, who bore sable, 
 3 escallops, arg. I have been unable to discover the con- 
 nexion with these families, the Daincourts were Lords of 
 Rawmarsh, near Rotherharn. The Stricklands were of 
 Boynton, near Bridlington. 
 
 No. 2. Huddleston. 
 
 Huddleston bore gules, a fret, or. 
 
 Edward Redman married Elizabeth, daughter of 
 
 Huddleston, Esq., of Millome Castle, Cumberland. 
 
 No. 3 Aldburgh. 
 
 Aldburgh bore gules, a lion rampant, charged with a 
 fleur-de-lis. 
 
 Sir William de Aldburgh, Knt, of Harewood Castle. 
 
 No. 4. Baliol. 
 
 Baliol bore gules, an orle, arg. 
 
 Edward Baliol, King of Scotland, full particulars of 
 whom have already been given at page 187. 
 These last two were in the chapel. 
 w
 
 158 THE CASTLE. 
 
 No. 6. Kytker. 
 
 Ryther bore az. 3 crescents, or. 
 
 Sir William Ryther, of Ryther Castle, Knt., married 
 Sybill, daughter of Sir William de Aldburgh, Knt., of 
 Harewood Castle. 
 
 No. 7. Sutton. 
 
 Sutton bore az., a lion rampant or., under a bend 
 gebony, argent and gules. 
 
 Margery, d. and c. of Sir Thomas de Sutton, of Sutton, in 
 Holderness, married to her second husband, Sir William 
 de Aldburgh, son of Sir William de Aldburgh. 
 
 No. 8 Aldburgh. See No. 3. 
 
 No. 9. Baliol. See No. 4. 
 
 Here the tinctures are given arg., an orle ermine, with 
 a label of 3 points for the eldest son. 
 
 According to Glover, Nos. 7, 8, and 9, were cut in stone 
 and emblazoned. 
 
 No. 10. Baliol. See No. 4. 
 
 No. 12. Thwenge. 
 
 Thwenge bore arg., a fess gules, between 3 popinjays 
 vert, collared, or. 
 
 Elizabeth Redman married Marmaduke Thwenge, of 
 Kilton Castle, Yorkshire. 
 
 No. 13 Bordesley or Grauncester. 
 
 Ermine on a chief arg., a lion passant, guardant. 
 
 Whitaker who has named most of these shields is silent 
 respecting this. Both of these families are mentioned by
 
 THE CASTLE. 159 
 
 King, and as there is some slight difference in their res- 
 tive coats I append both. 
 
 Bordesley, ermine on a chief, gules, a lion passant, 
 guardant, or. 
 
 Grauncester, ermine on a chief, or., a lion passant, 
 guardant, gules. 
 
 No. 14. Aldburgh and Sutton. See Nos. 3 and 7. 
 
 Glover says, respecting these last four, "these were 
 graven in stone on the walls in the chappel." 
 
 No. 15. Constable. 
 
 Constable bore quarterly gules and vaire, over all, a 
 bend, or. 
 
 Sir Robert Constable, of Flamboro', Knt., son and heir 
 of Sir Mannaduke Constable, married Ann, daughter of 
 Sir William Gascoigne, of Gawthorpe, 40 Ed. III., 1367. 
 Sir Ralph Ryther, married Catherine, daughter of Sir 
 Robert Constable, of Flamboro', ob. 1520. Robert Con- 
 stable, of Flamboro', married Dorothy, daughter of Sir 
 William Gascoigne, Knt., 1562. 
 
 No. 16. Ross.* 
 
 Ross bore gules, 3 water bouguets, argent. 
 
 No. 17. Vipouiit. 
 
 Yipount bore gules, six annulets, or., 3, 2, and 1. 
 
 No. 18. Galloway. 
 
 Galloway bore argent, a lion rampant az., crowned, or. 
 
 * From the circumstance of the arms of Ross and Galloway being on the 
 tomb of Sir John de Sutton, in Sutton Church, Holderness, it may be 
 inferred that the only connexion which these families have with the castle, 
 is through the marriage of the Suttons and Aldburghs.
 
 160 THE CASTLE. 
 
 No. 19. Is the Redman crest, and according to Glover 
 "was in the great chamber in Harwode Castle. 1 ' 
 
 No. 20. Ryther with his quarterings. 
 
 No. 1. Ryther, az., 3 crescents, or. 
 
 No. 2.* , ar., a lion's head erased, between 8 
 
 crosses, crosslets, fitchee, az. 
 No. 3. Albemarle, gules, a cross, patonce, vaire. 
 No. 4. Aldburgb, gules, a lion rampant, charged with 
 
 a fleur-de-lis. 
 
 No. 5. DeLisle, or.,afess, between 2 chevronels, sable. 
 No. 6. Fitzwilliam, lozengy, arg., and gules. 
 No. 7. Grove, ermine, on a chevron gules, 3 escallops, 
 
 arg. 
 No. 8 Ryther, az., 3 crescents, or. 
 
 This shield was surmounted by a crescent, the Ryther 
 crest, and according to Glover, "was made in a scucheon 
 in metall sett up in the great chamber at Harwoode. 
 Har. Mss., 1394, fol 329. 
 
 * All the quarterings in this shield are borne out by the pedigree. The 
 place occupied shows that this coat denotes the earliest heiress from whom 
 the Rythers are descended. It must, therefore, be either Romelli or 
 Meschines. But Romelli's coat is always given as barry of eight or. aud 
 gules, and, unhappily, no coat has been met with (that I know of) of the 
 William de Meschines who married Cecilia de Romelli. In Heylyn's Help 
 to English History, in the enumeration of the Earls of Chester, we have 
 1, Georbed (brother to Matilda, the Queen); 2, Hugh (who bore az., a wolf's 
 head erased, arg.,) and from this badge was called Lupus; 3, Richard, only 
 son of Hugh (who bore gules, crusilly or. a wolf's head erased, arg.) ; and 
 the Glossary of Heraldry informs us that he changed his arms in 1 101, on 
 going upon the first crusade. He died without issue, and his cousin, Ralph 
 or Randolph de Meschines, became his heir and assumed the anus, or. a 
 lion rampant, gules. The arms on the 2nd quartering of the Ryther coat, 
 is evidently either an adaptation by William de Meschines of his brother's 
 coat, or possibly was the same coat with the charges and one of the tinctures 
 mistaken, possibly through their being nearly effaced by time. To mistake 
 a wolf's head for a lion's head is indeed most possible, and though the 
 making the crosses fitche, and omitting the colour of the shield, are errors 
 of less explicable occurrence, yet they are are not wholly unaccountable in 
 a coat possibly retouched by a local painter, or rendered obscure l>y the 
 darkening influence of age.
 
 THE CASTLE. lfi.1 
 
 It was probably erected by William Ityther, 1517 
 1563, whose mother was daughter and heiress of John 
 Grove, Esq., of Green Hythe, in Kent, and whose arms 
 occiipies the seventh compartment in the shield. 
 
 Under the western part of the great hall, was the 
 dungeon, lighted only with one small light, while under 
 the entrance portal, there seems to have been a solitary 
 cell, for refractory or probably condemned prisoners, not 
 lighted at all. The recess and steps into the dungeon are 
 still remaining, and evidences of the door into the inner 
 prison also exist. 
 
 There were two staircases, both circular, the principal 
 one leading to the state room above the great hall, and 
 also communicating the whole way, with the rooms in 
 the N. E. tower; and the lesser one which goes from the 
 vaults in the western part, up to the roof. The rooms in 
 the S. E. tower were similar to those in the opposite one, 
 each had a fire place, and was well lighted, except the 
 basement, which is dark, and which was probably a species 
 of pantry, as there is a sinkstone in it. The rooms in this 
 tower, communicated with the great rooms above and 
 below by narrow passages in the wall, still existing. 
 
 Indeed these internal passages pervade the whole 
 building and formed no unimportant part of its economy, 
 by means of them, escape could be made to most portions 
 of the castle in any time of danger. In the S. W. corner of 
 the great hall, opposite to the entrance portal, is a steep flight 
 of steps, descending to the vaults, which have been arched 
 over. In one corner of the principal vault is the well
 
 162 THE CASTLE. 
 
 which supplied the castle with water, and from the remains 
 still existing, the water could be drawn either in the vault 
 below, or the kitchen above. Although there were other 
 springs outside which doubtless were constantly used, 
 yet this internal supply of water was of the greatest im- 
 portance, and in fact indispensable, in case of siege or 
 attack. In the year 1772 this well was cleaned out to the 
 depth of eighteen feet, but it is now filled up again. To 
 the N. of these vaults, was the servants' hall, a large and 
 commodious room, on the same level as the cellaring. 
 Over this hall and cellaring was the kitchen, the 
 formidable fireplaces and oven still existing. They are 
 noble specimens of baronial fireplaces, and have doubtless 
 done some good service in their time. A fine pointed 
 arched doorway communicated the kitchen and great hall 
 together. The rooms over the kitchen appear, from their 
 position and size, as well as the architecture of the win- 
 dows, to have been the best, or rather state bed-rooms of 
 the castle, but the present delapidated condition of this 
 portion of the building, entirely precludes the possibility 
 of a correct plan. The view from these rooms, looking 
 west, must have been of a charming character, embracing 
 a large portion of the valley of the Wharf. 
 
 The present entrance, from the pleasure grounds on 
 the south side, has not been an entrance at all, but a 
 window, the only entrance being on the N. side. There 
 appears to have been three sallyports, one on the north 
 communicating with the principal staircase ; one on the 
 south, in a capital state of preservation, communicating 
 with the great hall and the room over it; and one at the 
 west, now grown over with ivy, but communicating with
 
 THE CASTLE. 163 
 
 the rooms over the kitchen. These were most important 
 accessories to the castle, for while it was next to an impos- 
 sibility for the enemy to enter by them, they afforded to 
 the besieged a safe mode of escape, as well as the means 
 of receiving food or ammunition, or in fact anything they 
 required into the building. Formerly also a doorway of 
 great beauty existed, with the arms of Aldburgh and Baliol 
 on each side and over the centre, communicating the 
 great room to the chapel, and directly over the inner door. 
 The last remarkable feature about the castle is the roof. 
 Over the state-room, there are manifest marks of a high- 
 ridged roof having been let in, but beneath the parapet 
 wall which surrounded it. This roof was so arranged as 
 to leave sufficient room for an external platform on each 
 side, upon the leads, defended by an inner and an outer 
 parapet, and affording abundant security for moving 
 about in all directions on the leads or platform. This 
 arrangement was for the purpose of defence from attack, 
 and fitted for placing engines of war, or even cannon, 
 which after the time of Ed. III. were often used, and not 
 unfrequently placed on the tops of high buildings. In 
 the 40th year of Edward III., A.D. 1367, a licence was 
 granted to "Willielrnus de Aldburgh miles" to crenellate 
 "mansum manerii' at Harwode. From this it is evident 
 that the roof was embattled as in Norman buildings. 
 Between the towers at the east end are the remains of a 
 projection, issuing from the roof, from which boiling lead 
 and other missiles might be hurled upon the besiegers in 
 the event of any attack.
 
 Ifii THE VILLAGE. 
 
 THE VILLAGE. 
 
 The History of the Village of Harewood is, in a great 
 measure, connected with the history of its lords and 
 castle. Formerly it was a large and flourishing market 
 town, compared with the neighbouring towns of that 
 period. In the Lansdowne Mss. vol. 915, fol. 133, Har- 
 wood is mentioned as a market town, the market day 
 being Monday; while in another list in the same volume 
 the market day is omitted, as if it had fallen into disuse. 
 James Either, Esq., of Harewood Castle, writing to Lord 
 Burghley, the great statesman of Queen Elizabeth, A.D. 
 1570, says: "Harewood is a great thoroughfare town 
 from Lancashire and the west countries to York."* In- 
 dependent of the domain attached to the castle and to 
 Gawthorpe Hall, and the inhabitants connected therewith, 
 he states that there were within it at that time 23 free- 
 holders, besides a large number of tenants and many 
 bondmen. The charter for the market and fairs was 
 granted as I have previously stated to "NVarin Fitz Gerald, 
 about the year 1209, the tenth year of King John. The 
 market day was Monday, or as it is expressed in the 
 charter, "the day following the sabbath." The following 
 is a correct copy of the charter from the Dodsworth Mss. 
 with a translation: 
 
 r> ^ AV 'rr- O J D'i gra' etc'. Sciatis nos c'cess' 't 
 CartaNVar fil Ger.k D , . , 
 
 Jhaccartan cf- Warm fil Ger the dibs 
 
 suis, q'd h'ant unam warennam apud Harewud i' comit' Ebor 
 't j. fe'a ibide' sing'lis annis p' t' e s dies durat'a, scil'et p'ma die 
 
 * In the historv of the castle, this letter is printed in extenso.
 
 THE VILLAGE. 165 
 
 Jul' 't duabus diebus sequentibus, 't q'd h'ant ibide' j m'catu 
 sing'lis septem p' die' Sab'i, ita t'n q'd p'dca f ' ia 't m'cat' no' 
 sint ad nocum'tu' vicinar' f 'iar' 't vicinorum mercatorum. QV 
 vo' 't fi' p'cipim' q'd p'd'cus War' 't h'edes sui h'ant 't teneat, 
 i' p'dc'o man'io suo de Harwud p'd'cam warenn' cu' lib'tatib' 't 
 lib'is c'suetudinib' ad huj'modi warenna' p'tin' 't p'dc'am fia' 't 
 p'd'cum m'cat, bn' 't i' pace, libe' 't q'ete, cu' om'ibus lib'tatibus 
 't lib'is c'suetudinibus q a s villa de Richemund' h't sic' p'd'cum 
 (est) T. d'no Wint' e'po ; G. Roff e'po ; J. Bath' e'po ; G. fil' 
 Pet' com' Essex ; W. com' Sarr' com' Albrico; Eob' fil' Walt'i ; 
 Will'o Bri'w ; Will'o de Cantilup' ; Joh'e Marescall' ; Joh'e fil' 
 Hugh'; G. Lut'ell. Dat' p' man' H' de Well' archidi' Well', 
 ap' Lame'h, xvj die Febr', ano' r n. x. 
 
 The following is a free translation of the above : 
 
 " Charter granted to Warin Fitz Gerald. 
 
 John, by the Grace of God, &c. Know ye that we have 
 granted, and do by this charter confirm to Warin Fitz Gerald 
 and to his heirs, the possession of one warren at Harwood, in 
 the county of York, and to hold one fair there every year, to 
 continue for three days, to wit, on the first day of July and 
 the two following days, and also to hold one market there every 
 week on the Monday, yet so that the aforesaid fair and market 
 do in no wise interfere with the neighbouring fairs and neigh- 
 bouring markets. Wherefore our will and pleasure is, that the 
 aforesaid Warin and his heirs have and hold in their aforesaid 
 manor of Harwood, the aforesaid warren, with the liberties 
 and free customs pertaining to a warren of this kind, and the 
 aforesaid fair and market well and peaceably, freely and 
 quietly, with all the liberties and free customs belonging to 
 our town of Richmond as is aforesaid. 
 
 Witnesses hereto are the Lord Bp. of Winchester ; George, 
 
 Bp. of Rochester; John, Bp. of Bath; George Fitz Peter, Earl 
 
 of Essex; William, Earl of Salisbury; the Earl Albrich ; 
 
 Robert Fitz Wallis; William Briwon; William de Cantilupe; 
 
 x
 
 166 THE VILLAGE. 
 
 JohnMareschal; John Fitz Hugh ; George Luttr ell. Given by 
 the hand of Henry de Wells, Archdeacon of Wells, at Lam- 
 beth, the 1 6th day of February, in the 1 Oth year of our reign." 
 
 The charter seems to have been renewed at various 
 times. 
 
 In 8 Hen. IV., A.D. 1407, Sir Richard Redman obtained 
 a grant for a fair and free warren in Harewood; and in 
 23 Hen. VI., A.D. 1445, Sir William Ryther got a patent 
 for a market, fair, and free warren in Harewood ; and in 
 1633 Lord Strafford obtained a confirmation of all these 
 previous grants. Jewel says, (proably upon traditionary 
 authority) "that it is not many years since corn and other 
 produce were brought here for sale in great abundance." 
 This statement however is I fear incorrect. Mr. Rither 
 in the letter previously quoted says "that it is necessary 
 to apportion lands to each cottage, and found a school, 
 for the better restoring of the town of Harewood to its 
 ancient state, having been once a market town, and fairs 
 in it, standing very well for both." The market therefore 
 had evidently fallen away previous to the year 1570. A 
 market house or toll booth, or as it might more properly 
 be called, a town's hall, with six butchers' shops under- 
 neath it, stood in the Wetherby road, but when it was 
 pulled down I have not been able to discover. 
 
 In the bill of sale, issued by the Earl of Strafford, 10th 
 Nov., 1656, it was then standing, and in a large old map 
 of the village, in my possession, it is inserted; but it is 
 exceedingly probable that it was pulled down shortly after 
 the above date.
 
 THE VILLAGE. 
 
 167 
 
 A market cross also stood in the centre of the Wether- 
 by road, a little below the intersection of the roads, and 
 about fifty yards higher up than the market house. 
 
 It stood upon a large stone pedestal, and was approached 
 by a quadrangular flight of seven steps, very broad, where 
 the neighbouring farmers used to stand, and dispose of 
 their butter, fowls, eggs, &c. It was re-erected, A.D. 1703, by 
 John Boulter, Esq., and in the year 1804, when the road 
 was lowered, it was taken down and destroyed. This is 
 to be regretted, it might have been re-erected in another 
 situation, if that was inconvenient, and would have been 
 in the present day, not only an ornament to the village.
 
 168 THE VILLAGE. 
 
 but a relic of the past, of which the villagers might have 
 been justly proud. On the top of this cross there was a 
 knor and spell, a game for which the village was celebrated 
 in old times, while close to the toll booth there was a 
 strong iron ring fastened to a large stone, where the vil- 
 lagers used to enjoy the barbarous amusement of bull 
 baiting. Bear baiting also was a favourite but cruel pastime 
 with them, and foot ball was so commonly enjoyed, that a 
 large field called the Foot Ball Garth can still be remem- 
 bered by many of the old inhabitants. The July fairs 
 have fallen into disuse, but in their place, the sheep fairs 
 which are held upon the second and last Mondays in 
 October, seem to increase in importance every year. From 
 twenty to thirty thousand sheep exchange hands at these 
 two fairs. A weekly market for calves was also held here 
 until very lately, this also has entirely disappeared. 
 Thoresby in his Diary, A.D. 1690, says "that he visited 
 his Mend John Boulter, Esq., at Gauthorpe Hall, and 
 that the market was one of the most remarkable for calves, 
 in these parts. We met (he says) several scores for 
 Leeds alone." 
 
 The greatest alteration however in the village has been 
 in its roads. The Tadcaster and Otley turnpike road went 
 by the vicarage, through the park, and past the church, 
 leaving it a little to the left. An old mile stone, still 
 standing near to the nursery ground, points out this road. 
 The Leeds and Harrogate old turnpike road branched 
 from this, and taking a very circuitous route through the 
 north park and past the quarry, emerged into the present 
 road, near to the toll bar close to Harewood Bridge. 
 Nearly the whole of this road can still be traced. At the
 
 THE VILLAGE. 169 
 
 curve in the north park there was a toll bar, which, in 
 1753, was the scene of a remarkable riot, arising out of 
 the popular discontent and opposition, to the turnpike 
 act. A large body of riotous men from the manufacturing 
 districts in the neighbourhood of Leeds, sent a message 
 to Edwin Lascelles, Esq., the first Lord Harewood, that 
 they intended to demolish the bar. 
 
 Preparations were accordingly made for their arrival, 
 and on the afternoon of the 25th June, 1753, about 300 
 men, armed with swords and clubs, appeared coming 
 through Weardley. Mr. Lascelles, at the head of about 
 eighty of his tenants and workmen, well armed, saw them 
 advancing, and met them in Mill Green, a field not far 
 from the bar, and after a severe fight, in which many were 
 wounded on both sides, he succeeded in taking about 
 thirty of the rioters prisoners, ten of whom were subse- 
 quently committed to York Castle. The mob was greatly 
 exasperated at their defeat, and they threatened to pull 
 down Gauthorpe Hall. The dragoons came from York, 
 and were quartered at Harewood and Harewood Bridge, 
 when an express came for them to quell the tumult in 
 Leeds. 
 
 A body of 500 rioters had assembled in Briggate, the 
 riot act was read, but this being disregarded, and the mob 
 proceeding to acts of violence, the soldiers were ordered 
 to fire, which they did, eight were killed and fifty wound- 
 ed, many of whom afterwards died of their injuries. 
 
 Formerly there were six public houses in the village, 
 the Crown, at the bottom of the town; the Star Inn, in
 
 170 THE VILLAGE. 
 
 Bondgate ; the Shoulder of Mutton, above the vicarage ; 
 the Red Lion, and the Black Bull, near to the square ; 
 and the White Hart, on the Lodge Green. Upon a casual 
 examination of the registers, I find the following entries 
 of interments which corroborates, in some degree, this 
 number of Inns. Probably had a close examination been 
 made, many others might have been found of an earlier 
 date: 
 
 Henry Craven, of Harewood, Innkeeper, buried JO Feb., 1757. 
 Robert Rollings, of Harewood, Innkeeper, 23 July, 1762. 
 Thomas Liversedge, of Bongate, Innkeeper, 24 Sep., 1768. 
 
 About the year 1755, Edwin Lascelles, Esq., built a 
 range of buildings on the Wetherby Road for a ribbon 
 manufactory, but it was discontinued soon after. No 
 doubt the project originated in a desire to introduce a 
 suitable occupation for the unemployed of the district, 
 and was discontinued when labour became scarce. The 
 following entries in the register prove, however, that the 
 manufacture was carried on for some time: 
 
 Samuel Simpson, ribbon maker, buried 25 March, 1761. 
 James Langstaff, ribbon weaver, 14 Jany., 1764. 
 Henry Pulleine, ribbon weaver, 2 May, 1765. 
 
 The factory was turned into cottages, and their singular 
 appearance in the present day evidently betokens the 
 transformation. Other manufactures were also occa- 
 sionally carried on, for frequent mention is made in the 
 registers of Stuff Weavers, Linen Weavers, Cloth Weavers, 
 and Wool Combers, as residing not only in Harewood 
 but in various other parts of the parish. During the
 
 THE VILLAGE. 171 
 
 past century, however, no efforts have been made either 
 to introduce or encourage local manufactures. The vil- 
 lage is purely an agricultural one, and its appearance is so 
 thoroughly rural, that it might be 100 miles away instead 
 of standing on the confines of one of the busiest manu- 
 facturing districts in the world. The neighbourhood is 
 remarkable for its salubrity and its pure and bracing air. 
 The following entries, taken from one of the register 
 books, prove that the inhabitants live to a great age : 
 
 William Pulleine, of East Keswick, aged 92 years, buried 21 June, 1679. 
 
 John Booker, aged, as he said, above 1 00 years, 8 April, 1 680. 
 
 Jane Bickerdike, of Harewood, widow, aged 9U years, 1 4 Dec., 1 759. 
 
 Dorothy Maud, of East Keswick, widow, aged 91 years, 12 July, 1767. 
 
 William Bradley, Weardley, farmer, aged 95 years, 23 Aug., 1777. 
 
 William Mawson, Weeton, labourer, aged 95 years, 12 April, 1767. 
 
 Hannah Matthews, Bongate, widow, aged 91 years, 8 June, 1774. 
 
 Samuel Craven, Harewood, farmer, aged 99 years, 27 Jany., 1 784. 
 
 An examination of the modern registers would have 
 extended this list considerably. At the present time the 
 number of octogenarians in the village is wonderful, con- 
 sidering the population. The houses are well supplied 
 with water, brought from Hollin Hall to the reservoir 
 near Stockton. The whole of the works were carried 
 out at the expense of the late Earl of Harewood, and are 
 a great boon to the inhabitants. 
 
 The only dissenting place of worship is the Methodist 
 Chapel, converted out of two dwelling houses and opened 
 in the latter part of the year 1815. By the accompanying 
 extracts from the registry books of York Minster, it will 
 be seen that Methodism was in existence here so early as 
 1772. The Methodists continued, however, to worship 
 in private houses until the year 1815, when the second
 
 172 THE VILLAGE. 
 
 Earl of Harewood granted them the premises they now 
 occupy, for which they pay the nominal rent of 5s. per 
 annum. 
 
 We whose names are hereunto subscribed being Protestant 
 Dissenters, do intend to make use of the house of William 
 Pool, of Harewood, in the West Riding of the County and 
 Diocese of York, for the publick worship of Almighty God. 
 As witness our hands this 2nd day of March, 1772. 
 
 RICHARD HARGREAVES, JUN*- 
 
 RICHARD WILKINSON. 
 
 RICHARD SNOW. 
 
 WILLIAM POOL. 
 
 GEORGE HUNTER. 
 
 We whose names are hereunto subscribed being Protestant 
 Dissenters, do intend to make use of the house of William 
 Thompson, in the town and parish of Harewood, for the 
 publick worship of Almighty God. As witness our hands 
 this 28th day of March, 1796. 
 
 WILLIAM THOMPSON, + his mark. 
 
 RICHARD SNOW. 
 
 ABRAHAM BARRETT. 
 
 WM. POOL. 
 
 RICHARD SNOW, JUN*- 
 
 JAMES HORNER. 
 
 JOHN LABRON. 
 
 We whose names are hereunto subscribed being Protestant 
 Dissenters, do intend to make use of the house of Edmund 
 Parker, in the town and parish of Harewood, for the public 
 worship of Almighty God. As witness our hands this 28th 
 day of March, 1796. 
 
 EDMUND PARKER. 
 
 JAMES HORNER. 
 
 JOHN LABRON. 
 
 WILLIAM POOL. 
 
 JOHN INGHAM. 
 
 SAMUEL NICHOLSON.
 
 THE VILLAGE. 173 
 
 The following extract from the same books will also 
 shew that some Quakers resided in the township : 
 
 "York, 25 Sep., 1740. The house of W m - Wright, in the 
 parish of Harewood, in the West Riding of Yoi'kshire, was 
 registered in the Begistry of the Archbishop of York, as a 
 place of religious worship for the people called Quakers, upon 
 the request of Jonathan White." 
 
 This house was situated at Lofthouse, and tradition 
 says that the Wrights were a quaker family, possessing a 
 small freehold running into the park. Mr. Lascelles 
 wished to purchase this piece of land, but the quaker 
 drily replied, "Harewood belongs to me and thee." The 
 fact of their being a quaker's burial ground at East 
 Keswick, shews that they were rather numerous in the 
 neighbourhood. 
 
 The annexed entry from the register of burials, is the 
 only one I have met with, shewing the existence of a 
 Roman Catholic in former times: 
 
 "Ralph Lomas, of Hollinghall, a Papist. July 9. 1765." 
 
 The only Dissenters at present existing throughout the 
 entire parish are the Wesleyan Methodists, who have 
 chapels in most of the villages, which are particularized 
 under their respective places.
 
 174 THE VILLAGE. 
 
 THE SCHOOL. 
 
 The Old School, with the two houses for teachers, was 
 built about the year 1768, by Edwin Lascelles, Esq., the 
 first Earl of Harewood. This continued to be the place 
 of education for the rising generation until the year 1845, 
 when the present commodious school was erected. It 
 is entirely supported by the Countess of Harewood, and 
 is liberally supplied with the most approved books and 
 apparatus for the work of instruction; and while volun- 
 tarily placed under government inspection, it has always 
 been carefully tended and watched over by the Earl and 
 Countess of Harewood and the various members of the 
 family. 
 
 The various public meetings are held and lectures given 
 here, the room being capable of accommodating about 300. 
 
 It is a matter of surprise, considering the ancient 
 character of the village, that no school was established 
 in earlier times. Thoresby mentions that Mr. Boulter 
 had founded one, but I have not been able to learn any 
 particulars respecting it. Mr. James Either attempted to 
 establish one, but from some cause or other the scheme 
 failed. 
 
 The following letter written by him to Lord Burghley, 
 the great Statesman of Queen Elizabeth, is exceedingly 
 valuable and interesting, giving a lively picture of the 
 inhabitants of the township in his day. Had his scheme
 
 THE VILLAGE. 175 
 
 been carried into effect, the village would have possessed 
 in the present day, a richly endowed grammar school. 
 
 Lansdowne Mss., vol. 29, folios 51 and 52. 
 
 "A forme devised for the erection of a free skoole and 
 releefe of the poore w th in the parysh and manner of Harwode. 
 Ebor. by James Hither. 
 
 Ovid, 
 
 Certe ego non patiar Jovis Incunabila Creten 
 Qui ineus est orbis tantum contingere monstrum. 1 
 Yf the Just Kinge Minos 2 wold not indure such a monster 
 as one wyked woman to come into his country, (moste honor- 
 able lord) pardon myne unequall comparison of a cottage w tk 
 a kynkdom. I cannot without greefe suffer so many evell 
 disposed persons as lyve round about me w tb in my littill 
 cyrcle the manner of Harwood, qui meus est orbis, and wher 
 such as I am discendid from have had a kinde of governm 1 ' 
 under her Mai 8 most worthy progenytors sythence the tyme 
 of Kinge John, who first did charter the mannor w th many 
 libertis, being then in the pocession of Warren Fytts Gerald, 
 the said Kynge's Chamberlayne, to whom y* cam from Courcy, 
 his dapifer, ere this towen was great as that w ch had xxiij 
 freholders w tu in y* besydes other tennants and many bondmen, 
 but to the whole mannor. In tymes passid ther belonged a 
 gross at the least, for ther ar w th in the boundere xx 4 * towens 
 and hamletts, w h for the more part were all given out to 
 itakytthattheiandes religius bowses and to other temporal! 
 ^rtMsmttramZft 8 &e tenants. This towen and paryshe 
 3dnVS^ff (consydering the quantyty) for many poore 
 
 bewitched noblemen and an( J y\\ disposed people IS not eaSvlv 
 
 gent wth promyse of salva- * x 1 r J " 
 
 tion of the sowies of their machable in all the north partes. The 
 
 ancestors and selves, and 
 
 prosperity to their off- causis ar thes, ther ar many bowses and 
 cottagis w th in yt that have lyttell or no 
 
 1. I would not suffer such a pest to come 
 
 To Crete, Jove's nursing place, my hearth and home. 
 
 2. Minos, a famous King and Law Giver, of Crete, remarkable for his 
 equity.
 
 176 ' THE VILLAGE. 
 
 ground lyeing to them, so that if thes tennants keepe cattail or 
 sheep, as they may do, upon the comons in somer, they cannot 
 in wynter releeve them wherw th to lyve. The cause occationyinge 
 thes yll people (is the general defect of the country) lack of 
 education or right institution of ther yow th . From the skoole 
 and rod a chyld will w th a good will go to an occupacon, but 
 from an idell lyfe they have no lyft to remove to a better trade 
 and abide at y', neyther ar maysters desyerus to intertayn such 
 as slothe and idellnes have attachid. Nowe the reson of thes 
 landless houses cam first by the risynge of Judge Gascoign, whose 
 father, a rich freeholder w th in that rnannor, did buy out betwen 
 them first all the freeholders w th in the towenship of Harwod, 
 wher ther owen howese stood, and so layeng the landes to make 
 a demayn, left the tenements w th out ground as yet they remayn, 
 but plentyfully stored of begars and barrators. 1 The Judge's 
 posteryty have sythence bought out many freholders in other 
 partes of this mannor, another cause of thes poore ys that 
 ther hath ben many cottagis erected for almose howses 2 by 
 the lorde. Thes howses and cottagis as they ar will never be 
 empty nor well fylled. To bring thes tennants by compulsion 
 to better traydes of lyfe is not possible, as they ar nowe in 
 need, for necessyte and custom ar more mighty than perswa- 
 tion and constraynt; agane, hungar and famyn cannot be 
 brydled w th hope and fear, entysments and correction hav ben 
 long put in experynce and wer in vayn, neyther can thes faltes 
 be remedyed any way unles need ydlness and yll educacon, w ch 
 
 ar the rootes of thes weedes, be 
 
 Ther ar a kinde of people in thes partes 
 
 that claym a lyberty to do and say what pluckld Up. Therfore to redreSS 
 they list, because they have nothinge to . 
 
 lose but bare lyfe, wch they will not hasard, thCS mySOrderS (right honOUl'a- 
 yet go so neer yt sonitymas till the rope . . 
 
 gett beyond them. This is yll suffred and ble) ther IS a help at hand, SO 
 makyth many barrators. , 
 
 yt may be countenancyd by y r - 
 
 honorable favors against such as ar indyferent eyther to do no 
 good themselves, or to hynder others that wold do good, ther 
 is w th in the boundare more wast then inclosyd groundes. The 
 commons ar esteemyd to viij thousand acares for the more 
 
 1 . Cheaters, people who excite suits at law. 
 
 2. Alms houses.
 
 THE VILLAGE. 177 
 
 part good ground, and so prowd as sheep can not stand long 
 
 Harwode is a great tnat ar heathyd on the lowyst and fattyst 
 
 Lankf s h h^;Zr fr tZ Partes. My desyer is to lay to every of thes 
 
 west countries to York. h owses an( J cottagis for 6V6r iij aCBTCS of this 
 
 comon, to be inclosyd from the most noysom w ch is the most 
 fertyll soyle throuout the segnory, for wh ch the tennant shold 
 pay but xij d an acare, being easyly woorth v or vj 8 at the least, 
 the rentes of w ch shall be given to the maintenance of a free 
 skoole for ever ; and for that the nombre of thes acares will 
 not reach to a competent portion for the maintenance of a 
 skoole maister and usher, for suply of that defect, and for the 
 better restoringe of the towen of Harwode to his ancyent state, 
 havinge ben once a market towne and faires in it, standing 
 very well for both, and by charter renewyd in this tyme of our 
 most gratius soveraigiie that now is. I wold also hav an ox 
 pasture (w ch they greatly neede) and a cow pasture for thes poore 
 cottigers, taken up to the tennants of Harwode by rate of xij d 
 a kow, and ij s an oxe, the rent to go in lyk manner to the said 
 skoole, and whether thes howses belonge to lord or freholder, 
 no fyne nor forther rent to be taken of any tennant for thes 
 groundes upon paine of forfeiture, and yf by jury any of the 
 tennants shal be attaynted of certayn mysdemeanors and faltes, 
 ther ground shold be forfettyd, but no forfeiture longer then for 
 one year w ch shold for that time go to the proffyt of the poorest 
 and most impotent people of the parish, and one of thes faltes 
 shold be the not sendinge ther children to skoole or other 
 honest imploym*- at a certayn age. By thes means myght the 
 elder sort (now for the more part of the year idell) be exercised 
 in ther grounds and about ther cattell when they were not fast 
 awood, and be well able to lyve by ther industry ground and 
 comon, w ch yf they will not do, then without skrupell of con- 
 science they may be punished or put of, because they may lyve 
 lawfully and will not. Nowe the younger sort shold by 
 learnyng good letters be kept from evill actions ; agane, the 
 rycher and more able sort shall be easid of thes poore, that 
 rtowe ly all upon ther releef, they shall also lyve free from the 
 breakage of ther howses and barnes, and all kindes of pilfer- 
 ings dayly corny tted ; and that w ch moveth my compassion the
 
 178 THE VILLAGE. 
 
 more to thes poore people is, that I may hav the most of them 
 to woork with me any woork they can do after ij d a day and 
 meat be y 1 never so longe, themselves in hay time for iij d , in 
 harvest for iiij d a day, and yf they might be allwais thus set a 
 work they wold lyve well, and w cb truth this showeth, that the 
 people wold do well with good guydance and assistance of 
 superiors. And though this be agreed unto of all thes people 
 and that by law I might inclose much more to my pryvat use 
 and self profyt, yet y 1 will be countermyned of som of hyer 
 powers y* be not supported. My hope is also that the ensam- 
 ple of this will do much good, because y* ys in a place neer 
 the mydest of the country, somewhat more leanyng toward the 
 soon. I rest upon your lo ps resolution herein, as in all other 
 thinges I may debate, but will determyne nothinge of weight 
 w^out your lo ps censure. 
 
 Anglia private est, res semper publica Cecil 
 Insula regnandi, major hi arte, minor. * 
 
 tibi devotissimus, 
 
 J. R. 
 
 England a private person is, for Cecil is the state, 
 England though little in extent, in art of ruling great.
 
 THE VILLAGE. 179 
 
 N 
 
 THE LITERARY AND SCIENTIFIC 
 INSTITUTION. 
 
 This was established in the month of March, 1853, at 
 a public meeting presided over by the late lamented Earl 
 of Harewood. It is held in a large commodious apart- 
 ment in a partially occupied house, most generously 
 granted for the purpose, and comfortably fitted up with 
 tables, &c., and lighted with gas from a private gasometer. 
 The objects of the institution are fivefold, viz. : Reading 
 Room, Library, Lectures, Evening Classes, and Branch 
 Libraries. 
 
 Each of these departments is carried out with much 
 spirit, the Library embracing about 800 volumes, upwards 
 of 300 of which were granted by the Dowager Countess 
 of Harewood from a parochial library in the village. The 
 Lectures are given every fortnight from October until 
 April, and are well attended. The Reading Room is well 
 supplied with papers, periodicals, and chess boards, for 
 the instruction and amusement of the members. The 
 number of members is about 100, and the institution may 
 be said to be self-supporting, there being a gross balance 
 of income over expenditure of 27 3 7^, for the three years 
 1853-4 and 5. The following notice is taken from the 
 Parliamentary Educational Blue Book for the years 
 1854-5. 
 
 " Amongst the cheering signs of the last Educational year, 
 I must not omit the many good School-Libraries, Reading- 
 Rooms, and similar Institutions, which, under different names
 
 180 THE VILLAGE. 
 
 and circumstances, have been formed in all parts of my district, 
 in villages as well as in towns. One of the most conspicuous 
 of these is in the village of Harewood, under the patronage of 
 the Earl and Countess of Harewood, which in its room, rules 
 and collection of books, periodicals, and newspapers, offers 
 almost everything to the inhabitants of the village, which can 
 be desired for their intellectual and social improvement." 
 
 Connected with the history of the village some account 
 must be given of Thomas Maude, Esq., the author of the 
 Verbia.* He was bom in Harewood in the year 1717. 
 Having been brought up to the medical profession, he 
 sailed as surgeon in the Barfleur with Captain Lord Harry 
 Powlett. On returning he became steward for the estates 
 of the Duke of Bolton, and resided at Bolton Hall in 
 Wensleydale. He afterwards erected Bui-ley House, near 
 Otley, where he spent the latter part of his life. His 
 principal poems are "Wensleydale or Rural Contempla- 
 tion," and the "Verbia or Wharfdale," dedicated to Edwin 
 Lascelles, Esq. He died in 1798. The following extracts 
 evince poetic powers of a high order, and possess much 
 local interest. 
 
 As Artists borrow some illustrious name, 
 
 And on its wide spread base erect their fame, 
 
 So I ambitious to adorn a tale, 
 
 Must of expediency myself avail. 
 
 In yonder fields near Harwood's splendid dome, 
 
 Where pleasure dwells, and Freedom feels at home, 
 
 Where ease and elegance their charms combine, 
 
 * Verbeia was the Roman patroness of the Wharfe, as appears by an 
 inscription dug up at Ilkley, the Olicana of the Romans. The stone is 
 mentioned by Camden, and is now existing near the public way in that 
 village.
 
 THE VILLAGE. 181 
 
 And sister arts in happy union twine : 
 
 I sportive ranged ; there, sipped parental dew, 
 
 When first life's coinage current value knew, 
 
 'Ere prejudice had sown her choking tares, 
 
 And dashed my journey with intrusive cares. 
 
 'Twas there in guileless hour my race began, 
 
 While lib'ral culture, trained me up to man. 
 
 Thanks to that care, whose precepts first inspired, 
 
 Whose kindness cherished, and example fired; 
 
 Whose doctrines taught with philosophic skill 
 
 To rein the sallies of a devious will. 
 
 So ruled a Sire his son with virtuous sway, 
 
 And gave to thought full energy to play. 
 
 Eest sacred shade ! here filial reverence raise 
 
 This last memorial of defective praise ; 
 
 Nor shall maternal merit rest unknown 
 
 While Phoebus condescends my muse to own, 
 
 Or Duty bids to clasp, the mournful bier 
 
 And lends the heaving sigh, and trickling tear. 
 
 It is a singular circumstance that of the many witnesses 
 brought against Charles the 1st. on his trial, two only 
 came out of Yorkshire, and of these two, one was a John 
 Bennet, of Harewood, a glover.* He was an ordinary 
 soldier, and the following evidence which he gave is taken 
 from the state trials : 
 
 "John Bennet, of Harwood, in the County of York, glover, 
 sworn and examined, saith, 
 
 That he being a soldier under the King's command the first 
 day that the King's standard was set up at Nottingham, which 
 was about the middle of summer last was six years, he, this 
 
 * The other Yorkshire witness was a William Cuthbert, of Patrington. 
 Z
 
 182 THE VILLAGE. 
 
 examinant did work at Nottingham ; and that he did see the 
 King within the castle of Nottingham, within two or three 
 days after the said standard was so set up; and that the said 
 standard did fly the same day that the King was in the 
 said castle as aforesaid : and this deponent did hear that the 
 King was at Nottingham the same day that the said standard 
 was set up, and before. And this deponent further saith, that 
 he, this deponent, and the regiment of which he then was, 
 had their colours then given them ; and Sir William Penyman 
 being the colonel of the said regiment, the said Sir William 
 Penyman was present with his said regiment at that time. 
 
 And this deponent further saith, that there was then there, 
 the Earl of Lindsey's regiment, who had then their colours 
 given them, and that the said Earl of Lindsey was then also 
 proclaimed there the King's General, and that it was pro- 
 claimed then there likewise in the King's name, at the head of 
 every regiment, that the said forces should fight against all 
 that came to oppose the King or any of his followers, and in 
 particular against the Earl of Essex, the Lord Brooke, and 
 divers others : and that they, the said Earl of Essex, the Lord 
 Brooke, and divers others, were then proclaimed traytors ; 
 and that the same proclamations were printed and dispersed 
 by the officers of the regiments throughout every regiment. 
 
 And this deponent further saith, that the said standard was 
 advanced upon the highest tower of Nottingham Castle ; and 
 that he, this deponent, did see the King often in Nottingham 
 at that time ; that the said forces continued at Nottingham as 
 aforesaid, they continuing there for the space of one month ; 
 and that the drums for raising volunteers to fight under the 
 King's command were then beaten all the said county over, 
 and divers other forces were raised there. 
 
 And this deponent further saith, that he did take up arms 
 under the King's command as aforesaid, for fear of being 
 plundered ; Sir William Penyman giving out that it were a good 
 deed to fire the said town, because they would not go forth in
 
 THE VILLAGE. 183 
 
 the King's service ; and that this deponent's father did there- 
 upon command him, this deponent, to take up arms as 
 aforesaid, and that divers others (as they did confess) did then 
 also take up arms for the King, for fear of being plundered. 
 
 And this deponent further saith, that in or about the month 
 of October, 1642, he did see the King at Edge-hill, in War- 
 wickshire, where he, sitting on horseback while his army was 
 drawn up before him,* did speak to the colonel of every 
 regiment that passed by him, that he would have them speak 
 to their soldiers to encourage them to stand it, and to fight 
 against the Lord of Essex, the Lord Brooke, Sir William 
 Waller, and Sir Wm. Balfour. 
 
 And this deponent saith, that he did see many slain at the 
 fight at Edge-hill, and that afterwards he did see a list 
 brought in unto Oxford, of the men which were slain in that 
 fight, by which it was reported that there were slain, 6,559 
 men. 
 
 And this deponent further saith, afterwards, in or about 
 the month of November, 1642, he did see the King in the 
 head of his army at Hounslow-heath, hi Middlesex, Prince 
 Rupert then standing by him. And he, this deponent, did 
 then hear the King encourage several regiments of Welshmen 
 (then being in the field) which had run away at Edge-hill, 
 saying unto them that he did hope they would regain their 
 honour at Brentford, which they had lost at Edge-hill. State 
 Trials, vol. I, p. 1029. 
 
 * How is it possible this fellow could swear the King spoke this to every 
 colonel, seeing it was as they passed by ? and when his colonel was passed 
 by he could hear no more.
 
 184 THE VILLAGE. 
 
 STANK. 
 
 This place was anciently called Hetheric, and was both 
 a manor and lordship in Harewood. The name Stank 
 implies that it formerly abounded with standing waters 
 or pools, places thus situated being frequently so called 
 in the north of England, probably from Latin "stagnum," 
 or the the French "estang." Thoresby says, "thence 
 over Blackhill, through Eccup and Werdley Hollins to 
 Stank, where is an old camp, to Gawthorp Hall." He 
 subsequently alludes to this camp, and in company with 
 Mr. Boulter examined it. All traces of it are now gone. 
 I have in vain sought for its site, the whole conformation 
 of the place having undergone great changes since 
 Thoresby's time. The farm buildings and workshops 
 belonging to the estate are now situated here. It is a 
 singular circumstance that the Lascelles family were 
 connected with a Stank near Northallerton, previous to 
 the purchase of Harewood.
 
 HAREWOOD HOUSE. 185 
 
 HAKEWOOD HOUSE. 
 
 Tliis magnificent and princely mansion stands in the 
 centre of an extensive park, and from its elevated position 
 commands extensive views of the surrounding richly 
 wooded country. It was erected by the first Lord Hare- 
 wood, then Edwin Lascelles, Esq., the foundation stone 
 being laid by him March 23rd, 1759. The designs were 
 by Messrs. Carr* and Adams, two of the most celebrated 
 Architects of that period. The length is 248 ft. 6 in., 
 width 85 ft., and height 62 ft. 
 
 The whole of the stone of which it is built was furnished 
 from a neighbouring quarry. It was finished in the year 
 1771, and old Gawthorpe Hall was immediately after 
 pulled down. Of late years it has undergone most 
 extensive alterations, both internally and externally. 
 About the year 1843, the exterior was considerably im- 
 proved from designs by Sir Chas. Barry. The wings 
 were raised, the entire roof was surrounded with Corin- 
 thian balustrades, and the magnificent terrace garden was 
 made. In the centre of the north front is a handsome 
 
 * Mr. John Carr, born at Horbury, near Wakefield, 1/21, twice Lord 
 Mayor of York, rose to the highest eminence as an architect. His practice 
 was very considerable in Yorkshire and the adjoining counties, where he 
 erected many stately mansions, and other public buildings. Harewood 
 House is one of his best works. He died at his residence, Askam Hall, 
 Yorkshire, 22 Feb., 1807. 
 
 Mr. Robert Adam, a celebrated Scotch Architect, born at Kirkaldy, 
 in Fifeshire, 1728. He speedily rose to great eminence in his profession, 
 was appointed architect to the King. Lord Mansfield's mansion at Caenwood, 
 Middlesex, and Luton House, the seat of Lord Bute, are among the 
 best of his works. Returned M.P. for the county of Kinross in 1768, and 
 died in 1792, interred in Westminster Abbey.
 
 186 HAREWOOD HOUSE. 
 
 pediment containing the arms of the family, supported by 
 six Corinthian columns, 30 ft. in height, which compose 
 the entrance from a flight of steps to a nohle hall of the 
 Doric order. The south front hath still superior excel- 
 lence, and its apparent greater elevation gives it an 
 appearance of the most imposing character. A noble 
 double flight of steps connects the terrace \vith the 
 library. All the rooms are large, elegant, and costly, 
 several of them having been beautified at a great expense 
 in the years 1851 and 1852, by Trollope, of London. 
 Most of them are adorned with busts, paintings, and other 
 works of art, but the gallery deserves special mention. 
 
 This room extends across the whole west end of the 
 house, and is 77 ft. long, 24 broad, and 21 high. The 
 ceiling is embellished with paintings on mythological 
 subjects, by Rebecchi. The walls are adorned with 
 family portraits by Hopner, Sir Joshua Reynolds, Sir 
 Thomas Lawrence, and other eminent artists ; while 
 around the room is arranged on tables, stands, and cabinets, 
 the most valuable and costly collection of antique china 
 in England. The dining-room must be noticed for the 
 two presentation portraits which it contains, and which 
 will shortly be graced by a third.* 
 
 The first is that of Henry, the second Earl of Harewood, 
 a full length portrait, by Sir Thomas Lawrence. At the 
 bottom is the following inscription : 
 
 Painted by Sir Thomas Lawrence, P.R.A. 
 
 " This Portrait of the Right Hon ble - the Earl of Harewood 
 when Viscount Lascelles, was presented to the Countess of 
 
 * In 1 855, the tenantry being desirous of testifying their love aud esteem 
 for their landlord, the late lamented Earl, presented him with a full length 
 portrait of his Countess, by Richmond, their subscriptions amounting to the 
 sum of 777.
 
 HAKEWOOD HOUSE. 187 
 
 Harewood, by a numerous body of tbe freeholders of the 
 county of York, in testimony of their deep sense of his public 
 services during the time of his representing that county in 
 Parliament, and as a token of respect for his distinguished 
 worth." 
 
 The second is a portrait of Henry, the third Earl of 
 Harewood, by Francis Grant, R.A. This is a colossal 
 picture, representing the late Earl on horseback, in 
 hunting costume, and is regarded as a most excellent 
 likeness. The inscription is as follows: 
 
 "This portrait of Henry 3rd Earl of Harewood was pre- 
 sented to him by the members of the Bramham-Moor Hunt, as 
 a token of their gratitude to his father and himself for their 
 kindness and liberality in keeping the hounds. January 18th, 
 
 1848." 
 
 The Park of nearly two thousand acres is probably one 
 of the most beautiful in the kingdom. There are very 
 few places indeed where nature has been so lavish towards 
 beautifying the landscape as at Harewood, and where art 
 has been so successful in embellishing and adorning 
 nature's work. Undulating fields, and sloping hills, 
 sequestered dales, and rippling streams, are some of the 
 picturesque varieties of this charming spot. The gardens 
 and pleasure grounds were laid out by Mr. Brown,* pro- 
 bably one of the most eminent of our English landscape 
 gardeners. The original contract for this one object is 
 
 * Lancelot Brown, best known by the familiar sobriquet of Capability 
 Brown, born in Northumberland, in 1715, and from being originally a 
 kitchen gardener, raised himself to the highest pinnacle of fame as a 
 landscape gardener and improver of grounds, in which latter capacity he 
 was regarded as "the oracle of taste " He also acquired no mean reputation 
 as an architect, and erected several mansions for the nobility. His arrange- 
 ment of the plantations, pleasure gardens, &c., at Harewood, is generally 
 considered one of his best undertakings, and in several standard works on 
 landscape gardening, is regarded as a model.
 
 188 HAREWOOD HOUSE. 
 
 stated to have been ^16,000, continuous improvements 
 have however greatly augmented this amount, and it may 
 now be regarded as one of the best laid out parks in the 
 kingdom. 
 
 The kitchen gardens, stables, &c., are on a scale com- 
 mensurate with the dignity and splendour of the house ; 
 the former abounding with every convenience for produc- 
 ing the finest fruits, flowers, and exotics. The lake 
 covering an extent of nearly fifty acres was made, or rather 
 enlarged, about the year 1775, it is a charming sheet of 
 water, and adds a beauty and grace to the whole scene. 
 
 This brief description of the house would be incomplete 
 without some account of the Visit of Her Majesty, Queen 
 Victoria, in the year 1835, and that of the late Emperor of 
 Russia, in the year 1816. As these are of much interest 
 and importance, the following particulars are appended. 
 
 Visit of the Grand Duke Nicholas, of Russia, December 
 16th, 1816. 
 
 His Imperial Highness arrived at Greaves' Hotel, in Leeds, 
 on Monday evening, where the whole retinue remained during 
 the night. Baron Nicholai, Sir Wm. Congreve, Generals 
 Kutusoff and Woronsoff, Messrs. Clinkar and Mansell, Adju- 
 tant Perowski, and Dr. Creighton his Imperial Highness 's 
 Physician, were the chief attendants ; the whole comprised 
 about eighteen persons. 
 
 On Tuesday morning, the young Prince and his suite viewed 
 the Cloth Halls, the extensive woollen manufactory of Messrs. 
 Wormald, Gott and Wormalds; one of our principal flax- 
 spinning mills ; and the great iron works of Messrs. Fen ton, 
 Murray and Wood. About half past three they departed for 
 Harewood House. They arrived there about five, and were
 
 HAREWOOD HOUSE. 189 
 
 received at the grand entrance by the noble Earl, and by Lord 
 and Lady Lascelles: the servants in their state liveries lined 
 the hall, and his Imperial Highness was ushered into the 
 saloon by the venerable Earl, and introduced to the numerous 
 party of nobility and gentry assembled on the occasion, and 
 afterwards conducted to his apartments. 
 
 At seven o'clock dinner was announced. The costly service 
 of gold plate was in use, and the .whole arrangements were of 
 the most splendid and even princely description, but with 
 entire regard to true old English hospitality. A grand concert 
 in the gallery, under the direction of the noble Earl's principal 
 musician, with his Lordship's band, the church choristers, 
 &c., followed; and the glee of the evening was maintained 
 with uninterrupted eclat.* 
 
 * The programme as follows is taken from the books of the Harewood 
 Musical Society : 
 
 Overture, Henry IV., Martini. 
 
 Chorus, O Father whose Almighty Power, Handel. 
 
 Song, Sound an Alarm, Handel. 
 
 Chorus, We Hear, Handel. 
 
 Song, Liberty, Handel. 
 
 Duett, Come Ever Smiling Peace, Handel. 
 
 Trio, Disdainful of Danger, Handel. 
 
 Recit and Air, Last Words of Marmion. 
 
 Grand Chorus, Glory be unto God, Haydn, 
 
 PART TI. 
 
 MS. Grand Symphony, Gyrowitz. 
 
 Portuguese Hymn. 
 
 Song, In Tattered Weeds. 
 
 Chorus, Fixed in His Everlasting Seat, Handel, 
 
 Ballad, Bewildered Maid. 
 
 Chorus, Let the Celestial Concerts, Handel. 
 
 Duett, O Lovely Peace. 
 
 Grand Chorus, Hallelujah, Handel. 
 
 England and her Brave Allies. 
 
 God Save the King. 
 
 The Concert was full and complete, about 50 performers in all. Lord 
 Harewood sent his thanks by Mr. White, the Conductor, to the performers, 
 and the Grand Duke expressed his surprise at meeting with so complete a 
 performance. 
 
 2 A
 
 190 HAREWOOD HOUSE. 
 
 The following morning, the Earl of Harewood conducted 
 the whole assemblage through the beautiful village and pleasure 
 grounds to the ancient castle and church; at which His 
 Imperial Highness expressed his most unqualified approbation 
 and delight, but peculiarly so on seeing every cottager busily 
 engaged in some work of usefulness or improvement on his 
 Lordship's estate. Not less than 200, we hear, are regularly 
 employed in this manner; in fact every labourer hi the village 
 wanting work, is instantly set upon it. This was an establish- 
 ment (as His Imperial Highness very pointedly remarked) 
 worthy an English Baron, worthy every great man's imitation, 
 such as merited his own adoption at home. The young 
 Prince seems to be completely on the wing, active in seeing 
 everything, and zealous for the adoption of English comforts. 
 So familiar, indeed, was His Imperial Highness with the 
 numerous labourers, that he took the spade from one of them 
 and planted several young oaks in a most expert manner. 
 After the gratifying promenade, the party partook of an early- 
 dinner. With the utmost regret that the visit could not be 
 longer protracted, His Imperial Highness took his leave on 
 Wednesday afternoon, and proceeded to the George Inn, York. 
 On Thursday His Imperial Highness attended the morning 
 service at the cathedral, and the travellers then proceeded to 
 Inverary, the seat of the Duke of Argyle. Leeds Intelliyencer. 
 
 Visit of the Duchess of Kent and the Princess Victoria 
 to Harewood House, on Saturday the 12th September, 
 1835, taken from the Leeds Intelligencer of Saturday, 
 19th September, 1835. 
 
 " On Saturday morning last, their Royal Highnesses the 
 Duchess of Kent and the Princess Victoria, left the Palace of 
 Bishopthorpe, where they had been sojourning with the 
 Archbishop of York, during the Festival, on a visit to the 
 Earl of Harewood, at Harewood House. The Royal Party 
 arrived at a few minutes after 1 o'clock, and were received on 
 alighting, by the Earl and Countess of Harewood, and several
 
 HAEEWOOD HOUSE. 191 
 
 members of the noble Lord's family. A numerous party of 
 spectators from Leeds and the surrounding villages were 
 assembled in front of the entrance hall to witness their arrival ; 
 and the Harewood troop of the Yorkshire Hussars, commanded 
 by the Hon. W. Sebright Lascelles, was drawn up in front of 
 the mansion, to do honour to the Royal Party. The bells of 
 the village church were also kept ringing from an early hour 
 in the morning. Amongst the members of their Royal High- 
 nesses' suite, were the Duke and Duchess of Northumberland, 
 the Baroness Litzen, Lady Caroline Jenkinson, Miss Harcourt, 
 Lady Flora Hastings, Sir John Conroy, &c. 
 
 Shortly after their arrival, the Royal Party, and the members 
 of Lord Harewood's family, to the number of twenty and up- 
 wards, partook of a very splendid luncheon, which was served 
 up in the music room ; and in a little time afterwards, the 
 Duchess of Kent, the Duke and Duchess of Northumberland, 
 the Earl and Countess of Harewood, and some of the ladies of 
 the Royal suite, took a carriage airing through the domains of 
 the noble Earl, but the Princess Victoria was too much 
 fatigued to join the party. 
 
 In the evening a very numerous company, comprising the 
 immediate relatives and personal friends and neighbours of 
 the noble Earl, who had been invited for the purpose of 
 rendering due honour to the heiress of the throne of these 
 realms, dined at the mansion. The dinner was of the most 
 sumptuous kind. It was served up in the gallery, which was 
 laid out in the most superb style, the tables almost literally 
 groaning beneath the weight of the gold and silver sen-ices of 
 plate, with which they were loaded. Some of the pieces of 
 gold plate at the principal table, were as heavy as one 
 person could carry. A great many persons were admitted to 
 see the arrangements, and they were certainly on a scale both 
 as to splendour and extent rarely witnessed. Covers were laid 
 for about 130; and, in addition to their Royal Highnesses the 
 Duchess of Kent and the Princess Victoria, we understand 
 there were present, the Earl and Countess of Harewood. the
 
 192 HAKE WOOD HOUSE. 
 
 Duke and Duchess of Northumberland, Lord Viscount and 
 Viscountess Milton, Archbishop of York and Miss Georgiana 
 Harcourt, Lady Caroline Jenkinson, Lady Flora Hastings, 
 Baroness Litzen, Sir John Conroy, Mr. Berkeley Portman and 
 Lady Emma Portman, the Hon. William Sebright and Lady 
 Caroline Lascelles, Hon Henry Lascelles, Hon. Edwin Las- 
 celles ; Hon. Arthur, Mrs. Lascelles, and Miss Brooke ; Charles 
 Warburton, Esq., and Mrs. Warburton, Lord and Lady How- 
 den, Col. and the Hon. Mrs. Lane, Sir Charles Ibettson, Bart., 
 Sir John V. B. Johnstone, Bart and Lady Johnstone, G. L. 
 Fox, Esq., C. Wilkinson, Esq., Kev. Mr. and Mrs. Ridley, 
 Col. Markham, Miss Holbeach, Mr. and the Hon. Mrs. H. Rams- 
 den, Benjamin Gott, Esq., John Gott, Esq., Rev. Mr. Dayrell, 
 Rev. Robert Markham. Mrs. and Miss Markham, Mr. and Mrs. 
 Wharton, Mrs Maxwell, Rev Jacob Marsham, Rev. George 
 and Mrs. Lewthwaite, Rev. W. A. Beckwith, Lord and Lady 
 Stourton and the Hon Miss Stourton; Rev. Thomas, Mrs., 
 and Miss Barnes; Rev. Ayscough and Mrs. Fawkes, Randall 
 Gossip, Esq. and Mrs. Gossip, Hon. Sir E. M. Vavasour, 
 Bart., and Miss Vavasour, Sir John and Lady Lowther, J. H. 
 Lowther, Esq., M.P. and Miss Lowther, Richard York, Esq., 
 Edwd. York, Esq., John York, Esq. and Mrs. York, William 
 Beckett, Esq., T. L. Fairfax, Esq. and Mrs. Fairfax, Mr. T. and 
 the Misses Fairfax, Rev. D. and Mrs. Markham, Mr. and Mrs. 
 Fenton Scott, William Prest,Esq., T.D. Bland, Esq., Hon. Mrs. 
 Bland and Miss Bland, Rev. E. Duncombe, Hon. and Rev. W. 
 Herbert, Mrs. and Miss Herbert, Mr. and Lady E. Ashe, Mr. 
 Duncombe, Rev. B. Eamonson, Major Gen. Sir H. Bouverie, 
 G.C.B., and Lady Bouverie, Rev. George and Mrs. Fenton, 
 Lady Caroline Fox, Hon. and Rev. A. H. Cathcart and Miss 
 Cathcart, George Banks, Esq., W. R. C. Stansfield, Esq. and 
 Mrs. Stansfield, W. Hatfield, Esq., Rev. A. and Miss Marsden, 
 Mr. Marsden, Mr. Gibbs, R. H. Roundell, Esq., High Sheriff, 
 Major and Mrs. Wyndham, Mr. and Mrs. Dyke, Hon. Col. 
 Caradoc, Christopher Beckett, Esq., &c., &c. 
 
 The royal and noble party sat down to dinner at six o'clock, 
 and soon after ten the company began to separate.
 
 HAREWOOD HOUSE. 193 
 
 On Sunday the Princess and her illustrious Mother attended 
 divine service in the parish church, and as the day was fine, 
 a tremendous concourse of people assembled. The royal 
 party proceeded to church on foot, and notwithstanding the 
 vast crowd, the greatest good order prevailed. The Duchess 
 of Kent walked first with the Earl of Harewood, next came the 
 Princess Victoria and Miss Harcourt, followed by the Duchess 
 of Northumberland, Countess of Harewood, Baroness Litzen, 
 Lady Eliz. Jenkinson, Lady Flora Hastings, Lady Caroline 
 Lascelles, Duke of Northumberland, Archbishop of York, 
 Lord Milton, Hon. W. S. Lascelles, Hon. Ed. Lascelles, Mr. 
 B. Portman, &c. The Duchess of Kent and the Princess 
 returned the salutations of the spectators. The Church was 
 crowded to excess. Prayers were read by the Rev. Mr. Grundy, 
 and the sermon was preached by the Archbishop of York, 
 from the ix ch. of St. John's Gospel and 4th verse, " the night 
 cometh when no man can work." 
 
 Upwards of 10,000 people were congregated on their return 
 from church, many of whom waited until the afternoon service, 
 in the expectation of again satisfying their curiosity, but the 
 Earl of Harewood kindly intimating that it was not the inten- 
 tion of his illustrious visitors to go to the church again, they 
 very quietly and speedily dispersed. At ten o'clock the Royal 
 party left Harewood for Wentworth, passing through Leeds." 
 
 In the month of August, 1839, Her late Majesty 
 Adelaide, the Queen Dowager, accompanied by Earl 
 Howe and her suite, paid a visit to Harewood House 
 en route for the north. Her Majesty was escorted from 
 Leeds to Harewood by a troop of the Yorkshire Hussars.
 
 194 EXTINCT VILLAGES. 
 
 EXTINCT VILLAGES. 
 
 There are no less than five -villages which formerly 
 existed within the township of Harewood, which are now 
 completely gone, and in one instance, its very site has 
 disappeared and its name forgotten, save in the public 
 records. Some particulars respecting each will be 
 interesting. 
 
 STOCKTON. 
 
 This is the first of these extinct villages, and is thus 
 mentioned in Domesday Book: 
 
 "In Stochetun Roschel had five carucates and six oxgangs 
 to be taxed. Land to four ploughs. Twenty shillings." 
 
 The remains of this village, half a mile E. of Harewood, 
 occupying a large area, were existing within the last 
 century. It is said that a chapel of ease stood here about 
 the year 1400, but there is no evidence of this, either in 
 the registers of the parish church or in any Mss. which 
 have come under my notice. 
 
 As many querns have been found here, I should imagine 
 that it must have been either a station or encampment 
 during the Roman era. Its situation must have been 
 delightful in the extreme. Standing on the summit of a
 
 EXTINCT VILLAGES. 195 
 
 bill overlooking tbe valley of tbe Wharfe in one direction, 
 and in tbe otber tbe plain of York, while on tbe nortb 
 east tbe Hanibledon Hills are distinctly seen. In a list 
 of West Riding villages, given in tbe Warburton Collec- 
 tion of tbe Lansdowne Mss., Stockton does not occur, it 
 may, therefore, fairly be presumed that it bad ceased to 
 exist as a village prior to tbe year 1600, and this opinion 
 is further confirmed by tbe entire absence of the name 
 from most of the documents which I have consulted. It 
 is a singular instance of tbe duration of a name, when 
 the place indicated has so long ceased to exist, that the 
 two farm houses occupying the site are still called 
 Stockton. 
 
 LOFTHOUSE. 
 
 This village stood in the park on the left band side of 
 the Leeds and Harrogate Turnpike Road, just below the 
 iron gates. It was a separate manor, and is thus referred 
 to in Domesday Book: 
 
 "In Loftbuse Alsi and Roschel had two carucates to be 
 taxed. Land to one plough. Ten shillings." 
 
 In tbe Har. Mss., vol. 802, fol. 81, there are the fol- 
 lowing entries: 
 
 "Lofthouse, in Harewood, 10 John, 1209. Between Hugh 
 de Lelay arid Christian, his wife, demand'- Alan de Collum, 
 tenant of three carucates of land with the appurtenances in 
 Lofthouse, and of five bovates of land with the appurtenances 
 in Brakenholme, the right of Christian."
 
 196 EXTINCT VILLAGES. 
 
 In the account of the feodary of the honor of Ponte- 
 fract, 8 Hen. VI., A.D. 1428: 
 
 " Of the releise of John Wollhouse, of Lofthouse, for one 
 carucate of land, whereof 12 make one knight's fee, 8s. 4d." 
 
 Out of the leiger of Bolton Priory: 
 
 " Henry, son of Jordan de Lofthouse, gave to the church of 
 Bolton. all his title to a certain croft in Lofthouse." 
 
 In the list of villages in the Warburton Collection, 
 Lansdowne Mss., Lofthouse is mentioned in connexion 
 with all the neighbouring villages, evidently shewing that 
 although there are several villages of this name in the 
 West Riding, Lofthouse in Harewood is meant, and that 
 it was a village ahout the year 1600. 
 
 There were two puhlic houses in Lofthouse formerly, 
 and in the old maps the locality is dotted over with 
 cottages. 
 
 In the deed of sale, when the estate was purchased 
 from the Earl of Strafford by Sir John Cutler, I find the 
 following tenant fanners named ; William Hawke, Win. 
 Smith, John Hopwood, Ann Renton, Robert Wiggin, 
 Peter Wright, all holding farms in Lofthouse. As in the 
 case of Stockton, two farm houses which alone remain to 
 shew where the village stood, still retain its name. 
 
 One village, not mentioned in Domesday Book, has 
 entirely disappeared, its very site and name seems to be 
 forgotten. In the Dodsworth Mss., vol. 122, fol. 127, I
 
 EXTINCT VILLAGES. 197 
 
 found the following entry, which is exceedingly interesting. 
 The Mss. was horridly written, and although I may be 
 mistaken in the name, to the best of my judgment I made 
 it out to be Tonehouse : 
 
 "Tonehouse in Hanvood, 2 Ed. II., AD. 1309. 
 
 Between John de Valencene and Milisenta, 
 
 now n pwce?f of nis wife comp^- and John Sampson and Agnes, 
 
 SdTThe house-' his wife > deforc*" of the manor of Tonehouse, 
 
 ing puiied down an( j } an( j s i n Harwod. To have to the said John 
 
 de Valencene and Milisenta, and the heirs 
 
 which the said John shall beget of (he body of 
 
 the said Milisenta ; remainder to Helen, syster 
 
 of the said Milisenta. and the heirs of her body ; 
 
 remainder to Maud, syster to the said Helen ; 
 
 and the remainder wholly to Thomas de Bale, 
 
 lorte and his heirs for ever, with generall 
 
 warranty." 
 
 Jewel alludes to a village called Henhouse, fixing 
 its situation about a quarter of a mile east of the castle. 
 He says that it derived its name from the poultry yard 
 of the castle having been there. This, however, I imagine 
 to be a conjecture on his part, there being a large parcel 
 of land called the Hencroft, near the place alluded to. 
 As it lies a considerable distance from the castle, it can- 
 not be the site of this extinct village, which is expressly 
 stated in the extract from the Mss. to be a part of the 
 park. Tonehouse does not occur in the list of West 
 Biding villages given in the Lansdowne Mss., nor do I 
 find it mentioned in any of the documents which I have 
 in my possession. 
 
 2 B
 
 198 EXTINCT VILLAGES. 
 
 STUBHOUSE. 
 
 Stubhouse, now the name of a solitary farm house, 
 S. W. of Harewood, near to Eccup, was also formerly a 
 large village. According to Domesday Book it was a 
 manor. 
 
 "Manor. In Stubhusan, Carle had one carucate to be taxed, 
 Land to half a plough. Ten shillings." 
 
 Henry de Stubhus sold to the nuns of Arthington four 
 acres of land in this manor. 
 
 Amicia, daughter and heiress of Geoffrey Woodhouse, 
 gave the homage and service of Richard de Stubhus and 
 his heirs for all the lands which he held here, being a 
 toft, croft, and seven acres and a half of land, with the 
 meadows thereto adjoining. 
 
 To a charter of Kirkstall Abbey, of Henry the third's 
 reign, the name of Henry de Stubus is attached as a 
 witness. 
 
 GAWTHORPE. 
 
 The exact situation of the village of Gawthorpe is not 
 known. It stood somewhere between the old Hall and 
 the Stank, and its derivation from Isl. gouke, the cuckoo, 
 (the cuckoo's village) shews that its position must have 
 been thoroughly rural.
 
 EXTINCT VILLAGES. 199 
 
 It was a separate village and manor, and is enumerated 
 as such in a list of West Biding towns and villages, in 
 the Lansdowne Mss., vol. 915, fol. 133. It gave the sur- 
 name to a family as was very commonly the case, the last 
 representative of which, Maud, daughter and heiress of 
 John de Gawkethorp, married William Gascoigne, about 
 the reign of Stephen, 1135. By this marriage it became 
 the property and residence of the Gascoignes, an account 
 of whom is given elsewhere. 
 
 Gawthorpe Hall stood about 350 yards south of the 
 present house, at the bottom of the hill, near to the mar- 
 gin of the lake. A portion of its foundations were discov- 
 ered close to the surface, a few years ago, while draining 
 that part of the park. The early history, both of the 
 village and hall, is involved in much obscurity. Neither 
 of them appears to have been remarkable for any event 
 worth noticing, prior to the birth of the Chief Justice ; 
 their subsequent history however is replete with interest. 
 Camden says, "neither is Gawthorpe adjoining hereby to 
 be concealed in silence, when as the ancient family of the 
 Gascoignes hath made it famous, both with their vertue 
 and antiquity." The hall was a fine old manorial residence, 
 more remarkable for the character and position of its 
 possessors than for anything else. In the Plumpton 
 Correspondence is the following: Bobert Plompton, jun., 
 was married in the domestic chapel of the manor house 
 of Gokethorp, in the parish of Harewood, to Agnes, sister 
 of William Gascoigne, Esq., of that place, and daughter 
 of Sir William Gascoigne, Knt., late deceased. The 
 contract of marriage bears date 13th July, 1477, but the 
 licence to the Vicar of Harewood, for its celebration, was 
 delayed till the 13th Jan., 1478."
 
 200 EXTINCT VILLAGES. 
 
 The Gascoignes, as Lords of Gawthorpe, appear to 
 have been on terms of great intimacy with the Redmans 
 and Rithers, the Lords of Harewood and these families 
 intermarried with each other on various occasions. In 
 this family it continued until the reign of Elizabeth, when 
 William Gascoigne, Esq., had an only daughter, Margaret, 
 married to Thomas Wentworth, Esq. His only son Wil- 
 liam Wentworth, created a Baronet in 1611, became the 
 possessor of the joint estates in right of this marriage. 
 He was succeeded by his son, the unfortunate Earl of 
 Straiford, who resided at Gawthorp, further particulars 
 of whom are given in another place. WTien the estate 
 passed into the hands of Sir John Cutler, this was his 
 residence. 
 
 Sir John Cutler's successor and heir, Mr. Boulter, (on 
 the death of his daughter) also resided here, and like- 
 wise also Mr. Lascelles until the erection of the present 
 house, when the old hall was pulled down, about 1771. 
 
 The following tenants were inhabitants of Gawthorpe 
 at the period of the disposal of the estate by the Earl of 
 Strafford to Sir John Cutler : 
 
 GAWTHOKPE. 
 
 Stubhouse Close, Lodge Hill, and Mill Field, Bob. Harrison. 
 
 High Park, William, Earl of Strafford. 
 
 Timber Garth, Robert Dickenson, Henry Briscan, Wm. 
 
 Siddall, John Bywater. 
 
 Long Ing, Wm. Slater, Wm. Jefferson, Robt Wiggin. 
 Horse Close and Dove Cote Yard, John Fox. 
 Ellar Close, the Oaks, and the Mare Carr, Jumes Stables. 
 Oxclose, John Booker. 
 
 Kurd's Farm, Richard Harrison, Thomas Harrup. 
 Stank Hill, John Smith.
 
 ALWOODLEY. 201 
 
 ALWOODLEY. 
 
 This township is thus referred to in Domesday Book. 
 
 Manor. In Aluuoldelie Roschil had five carucates to be 
 taxed. Land to three ploughs. Twenty shillings. Bawden. 
 
 In Kirby's Inquest, 13 Ed. I., 1285, it is called 
 Alwaldley, at which time the Earl of Albemarle had in it 
 three Plough lands, of which sixteen make a fee, which 
 he held of the King in capite by Knight's service. Torre 
 says "Alwoodley, a town within the parish of Harewood, 
 contained 3 car: of land, where 16 car: made a knight's 
 fee held of the Lords of Albemarle." It formed one of 
 the dependant constableries upon the great manor and 
 leet of Harewood Castle, and formerly was the seat of an 
 important family of the same name, although variously 
 spelled, as will appear by the following extracts. To a deed 
 of Kirkstall Abbey, of the latter end of the reign of Henry 
 II., about 1180, is appended as a witness the signature of 
 Henrico de Alwoldley ; and to a similar one of Henry III. 
 are attached Willo de Alwaldel and Willo de Alwaldeleye . 
 Avice de Romelli granted to the monks of the Priory of 
 Embsay, which her mother had founded, A.D. 1120, the 
 mills in Alwoodley, the abbey was also endowed with 
 lands in this township. In 1324, according to the abbey 
 accounts, the monks received from the mill lands in Al- 
 woodley the sum of five shillings. Appended to this will 
 be found a copy of an inquisition, post mortem, held the 
 29 Ed. I., A.D. 1301. The jurors say, that Koger de
 
 202 ALWOODLEY. 
 
 Alwoodley held in his demesnes, the day that he died, two 
 carucates of land, and one water mill, of the Lord the 
 King, in capite, by the service of 18s. 8d. yearly, at the 
 manor of Harwood, and doing service at the court of 
 Harwood, from three weeks to three weeks. "William, 
 son of William de Collyngham, gave four oxgangs of land, 
 with the third part of the mill in this township, to the 
 monks of Kirkstall. 
 
 By the mariiage of William Ffranke, son and heir of 
 Robert Ffranke, with Alice, eldest daughter and co-heir 
 of Roger de Alwoodley, the estate came into the family 
 of the Ffrankes, with whom it continued for many years. 
 The following portion of their pedigree, taken from the 
 Harleian Mss., vol. 4630, fol. 210, will be interesting. 
 
 " Nicholas Ffranke, of Alwoodley, son and heir of William, 
 married Ellen, daughter of Mr. Ellis, and had issue William, 
 who died an infant, and Agnes, married to William Gascoigne, 
 of Gawthorpe, Esq. Sir William Gascoigne, the Chief Justice, 
 was the issue of this last marriage, about 1349. Nicholas 
 Ffranke, with Richard de Goldesburgh miles, Ric'o de Ar- 
 thyngton, attested to the grant of lands and messuages in 
 Brearey and Arthington to the monks of Kirkstall. 
 
 William Ffranke, of Alwoodley, second son of William, 
 
 married Dorothy, daughter of Paslen, of Redlesden, Esq., 
 
 and had issue Anthony, and Dorothy, married to Thomas 
 Rickard, of Hecke, Esq. 
 
 Anthony Ffranke, Esq., son and heir of William, married 
 Rosamond, daughter of Mr. Nicholas Tempest, and had issue 
 Anthony, who died beyond sea, Robert, Bryan, and Richard.
 
 ALWOODLEY. 
 
 Robert Ffranke, second son of Anthony, but heir to his 
 father, after the death of his elder brother Anthony, married 
 Alice, daughter of Mr Robert Arthington, of the Launds, but 
 died without issue. 
 
 Bryan Ffranke, of Alwoodley, Esq , third son of Anthony, but 
 heir to the estate after the death of both his brothers, married 
 Ann, daughter of Mr. Francis Jackson, of Sharlestone, near 
 Wakefield, and had issue Robert, William, George, John, 
 Anthony, Mary, married to Mr. John Halefield, of Stanley; 
 Rosamond, married to Mr. Thomas Wade, of Plomtree Banks ; 
 Priscilla, died unmarried; Frances, married to Mr. Richard 
 Short, of London ; Dorothy, not married ; and Thomasine, 
 married to Mr. Edward Taylor. 
 
 Robert Ffranke, of Alwoodley, Esq., son and heir of Bryan, 
 married Susan, daughter of Mr. Nicholas Moore, of Austrop, 
 near Leeds, and bad issue Robert, who died in the late war; 
 Ingram, Edith, Averill; Joan, married to Mr. Walker; Hester, 
 Anne; Grace, married to Mr. Hirst, of York; and Mary. 
 
 Ingram Ffranke, son and heir of Robert, married Elizabeth, 
 daughter of Mr. Rogerson, widow and relict of Mr. John 
 Topham. 
 
 This manor was sold by the Ffrankes, in 1638, to Sir 
 Gervase Clifton, of Clifton, in Nottinghamshire. This 
 Baronet was remarkable for having been married seven 
 times, or, as Thoresby lias it, "he outdid Henry the 
 eighth in the number of his wives, having been mar- 
 ried seven times, while the merry monarch was only 
 wedded six times." 
 
 The following were his wives: 
 
 1 . Penelope, daughter of the Earl of Warwick. 
 
 2. Frances, daughter of the Earl of Cumberland. 
 
 3. Mary, daughter of John Eziock, Esq.
 
 204 ALWOODLEY. 
 
 4. Isabel, daughter of Meek, Esq. 
 
 5. Anne, daughter of Sir Francis South. 
 
 6. Jane, daughter of Antonio Eyre, of Hampton, Esq. 
 
 7. Alice, daughter of Henry Hastings, Earl of Hunt- 
 
 ingdon. 
 
 This Sir Gervase, at his grandfather's death, (whose 
 heir he was) was but four months and eleven days old. 
 He was Knight of the Bath at the Coronation of King 
 James I. Created Baronet, 22 May, 9 James I., A.D. 1611, 
 and as Hopkinson says, "he was a compleat Gentleman, 
 and darling of all men. He died lamented by all, 28 
 June, 1666. His first Lady, which he called his beautiful 
 Penelope (and certainly she was the greatest beauty of 
 the age not only in body but also in mind) died 26 
 October, 1613, aged 23 years." 
 
 Sir Gervase Clifton and Sir John Mallory* were two 
 of fifty-six names posted up during the excitement of 
 Stratford's trial, as Straffordians, for having voted in 
 the House of Commons against the passing of the Bill of 
 Attainder. 
 
 Queen Elizabeth made the following distich upon four 
 of her Nottinghamshire knights. 
 
 Gervase the Gentle, Stanhope the Stout, 
 Markham the Lion, and Sutton the Lout 
 
 About the year 1661 the Cliftons sold the estate to 
 Cornelius Clarke, Esq., and, the following year, it was 
 again disposed of to Roger Jackson, Esq., from whose 
 
 * Sir John Mallory, Governor of Skipton Castle, an ancestor of the Mai- 
 lories, of Dunkeswick.
 
 ALWOODLEY. 205 
 
 descendants it was purchased by Robert Benson, Esq., 
 the first Lord Bingley, the founder of the Bramham 
 Park estate; this nobleman died in 1731, leaving the 
 property to an only daughter Harriett, who married 
 George Fox Lane, Esq., created Lord Bingley in 1762. 
 On the death of this nobleman, in 1773, the Yorkshire 
 estate was left to Sir John and Lady Goodrich for their 
 lives. This interest expired in 1792, and it then became 
 the property of the late James Lane Fox, Esq. He died 
 in 1821, when it became the property of George Lane 
 Fox, Esq., the father of the present proprietor. 
 
 The present hall, a commodious farm house, is the 
 residence of Mr. Midgley, and has been inhabited by his 
 ancestors for four generations. The site of the old hall 
 still remains, with its garden wall and other evidences of 
 its former importance. The hall itself was pulled down 
 about thirty-five years ago, the timber being taken away 
 to repair the mill and other buildings at Scarcroft. Mr. 
 Midgley remembers a tenant living in it for many years 
 of the name of Todd. The rooms in it were very large 
 and waiuscotted to the ceiling, and in the barn of the 
 present tenant, a large portion of this old carved oak 
 wainscotting, as much as went round a room six yards 
 square, is still to be seen, serving the purpose of a tempor- 
 ary floor. Of the old hall, all that remains, is a very nice 
 triple window grown over with ivy, and a pointed arched 
 doorway. Some undistinguishable letters are inserted 
 near to the present doorway, but they are too far worn to 
 be deciphered. It occupied a beautiful situation in a 
 sheltered valley, and must have been, in its original state, 
 a noble country mansion. George Lane Fox, Esq., of 
 2 c
 
 206 ALWOODLEY. 
 
 Bramham Park, is the Lord of the Manor, the acreage of 
 the township is 1509 acres, 2 roods, 24 perches, and the 
 population, at the last census in 1851, amounted to 161. 
 
 Inquisic' 24 Edwardi primi, 
 
 Edwardus Dei Gratia Rex AngV Dominus Hibevnie et Dux 
 Aquitan Dilecto et fideli suo Johanni de Lythegreynes 
 Escaetori suo citra Trent Salutem. Quia Rogerus de Alewolde- 
 leye qui de nobis tenuit hi capite diem clausit extremum ut 
 accepimus vobis mandaiBus quod oranes terras et ten' de 
 quibus idem Rogerus fuit seisitus in Dominico suo ut de feodo 
 in Balliva vestra die quo obiit sine Ditone capiatis in rnanum 
 nostram et ea Salvo custodiri fac donee aliud inde preceperimus 
 et per sacramentum proborum et legalium hominum de 
 Balliva vestra per quos rei veritas melius sciri potent diligenter 
 inquiratis quantum terre idem Rogerus tenuit de nobis in 
 capite hi Balliva vestra die quo obiit et quantum de aliis et 
 per quod servicium et quantum terre ille valeant per annum 
 in omnibus exitibus et quis propinquior heres ejus sit et cujus 
 etatis et Inquisicoem inde distincte et aperte factam nobis sub 
 sigillo vestro et sigillis eorum per quos facta fuerit sine 
 Ditone mittatis et hoc breve T, me ipso apud Ebor 22 Die 
 Februarii anno Regni nostri Vicessimo quarto 
 
 Die Mercur prox ante Festum Sci Gregor fuit istud breve 
 receptum 
 
 Inquisitio facta apud Harewode hi Com Ebor coram Wilm'o 
 de Thorneton Clerico, D'ni J de Lythegreyns Escaetoris Dom- 
 ini Regis ultra Trentam in officio Escaetoris in ipsius absencia 
 constitute die Mercurii proxima post clausum pasch, anno 
 Regni Domini Regis Edwardi filii Domini Regis Henrici 
 vicesimo quarto per Will'um Attebeck, Nich'um Le Bottiller 
 Johannem de Middleton, Robertum Attebeck, Henricu filiu, 
 Jordan Robertum petipas Hugon Wygan, Robertum de Loft- 
 huse, Robertum de Dighton, Robertum Atte Tune End, Ricum
 
 ALWOODLEY. 207 
 
 D Chappernan, et Alexandram M ses: Qui dicunt super Sacr'm 
 suum quod Rogerus de Alewodeley tenuit in D'nico suo ut 
 de feodo die quo obiit unum messuagium quod extenditur ad 
 duodecim deuavios per annum et duodecim tofta et duas 
 carucatas terre et dimidiam que extenduntur per annum ad 
 quinquaginta solidos et unum molendinum aquaticum cum 
 pertinentiis in Alewodeley quod extenditur per annum ad octo 
 solidos de Domino Eege in capite per servicium decem et 
 octo solidor et octo denarior reddendorum per annum ad 
 manerium de Harewod, et faciendi sectain ad cur de Harewod 
 de tribus septimanis in tres septimanas et faciendo ad 
 scutagium D'ni Regis quando scutum est ad quadraginta 
 solidos sex solidos et tres denarios et ad plus, plus, et ad minus, 
 minus. Et per servicium reddendi domino Regi per annum 
 tres decim denarios et obolum pro fine wapentagii et dicunt 
 quod reddit Priori De Boulton per annum pro predicto molen- 
 dino quinque solidos et dicunt quod idem Rogerus tenuit 
 in Neuhale in Dominico suo ut de feodo die quo obiit unum 
 messugium quod extenditur ad quinque solidos per annum, 
 et tres bovatas et septem acras terre que extenduntur per 
 annum ad duodecim solidos et quatuor denarios et tenuit 
 decem et octo denarratas redditus cum pertin' in eadem villa 
 p' Serviciu' trium Solidor duor denarior unius oboli et unius 
 quadrantis reddendi ad manerium de Harewode per annum 
 et inveniendi per unum diem ter per annum unarn carucam 
 et preter hoc unarm carucam semel per annum vel duos denar 
 qualibet vice pro voluntate D'ni et inveniendi sex falsces vel 
 sex denarios in autumpno et faciendo ad scutagium. Domini 
 Regis quando scutum est ad xl, s, xjd, et quadran et ad plus, 
 plus, et ad minus, minus. Et per servicium reddendi Domino 
 Regi jd. et ob p' annum pro fine wapentagij et dicunt quod 
 predictus Rogerus et Alicia uxor ejus que supers tes est 
 ten'unt conjunctim dimidiam carucatam t're cum p'tin in 
 Neubale que data fait eidem Rogero cum predicta Alic in 
 liberum maritagium que extenditur per annum ad quindecim 
 solidos et tenu'unt illam Dimid' carucatam terre de D'no Rege 
 die quo predictus Rogerus obiit in forma predicta per servi- 
 cium quinque solidor unius donarii et oboli reddendi per
 
 208 ALWOODLEY. 
 
 annum ad manerium de Harewode et per servicium inveniendi 
 per unura Diem ter per annum et preter hoc per unum diem 
 bis per annum unam carucam vel qualibet vice duos denarios 
 pro voluntate Domini et novem falces vel novem denar' in 
 Autumpno et faciendo ad scutagium D'ni Regis quando 
 evenerit xv denar' et ad plus, plus, et ad minus, minus, et per 
 servicium reddendi D'no Regi pro fine wapentagii ijd. Et 
 dicunt quod dum predictum manerium fuit in seis Comitisse 
 Albemarl quod nunc est in manu D'ni Regis ipse tenuit 
 omnia p'dicta Ten' per predicta servicia de ipsa comitissa et 
 similiter per eadem servicia de D'no Rege die quo obiit in 
 forma predicta et dicunt quod Johana Margareta Alicia et 
 Anabilla fillise predicti Rogeri sunt heredes ipsius Rogeri 
 propinquiores, et dicunt quod Johanna fuit etatis octo annor' 
 ad festum Purificacios beate Marie proximo preteritum, et 
 Margareta fuit etatis Sex Annorum ad festum Nativitas bead 
 Job 'is proximo preteritum, et Alicia fuit etatis trium Annorum 
 ad festum Annunciacois beate Marie proximo preteritum, et 
 Anabilla fuit etatis unius anni ad festum Sancti Petri ad 
 Vincula proximo preteritum. In cujus rei Testimonium pre- 
 dicti Juratores huic Inquisicoi Sigilla sua apposuerunt. 
 
 TRANSLATION. 
 An Enquiry in the 24th year of the reign of Edward the First. 
 
 Edward by the Grace of God, King of England, Lord of 
 Ireland, and Duke of Aquitane, to his well-beloved and trusty 
 John de Lythegreynes his escheator on this side the Trent, 
 greeting. 
 
 Whereas we have heard that Roger de Alewoldeleye, who 
 was a tenant of ours, is dead, we command you to take posses- 
 sion without delay of all the lands and tenements of which 
 the said Roger was seized in his own Lordship within your 
 jurisdiction on the day of his death, and to cause them to be 
 safely kept, until we send you further instructions. And you 
 shall make diligent enquiry under oath of honest and respon-
 
 ALWOODLEY. 209 
 
 sible persons within your jurisdiction, by means of whom the 
 truth may be more fully ascertained, how much land the said 
 Roger held of us in capite within your jurisdiction, on the day 
 of his death, and also what property he held of others, and by 
 what service, and what is the annual value of those lands with 
 all the outgoings; also who is his next heir and of what age. 
 And this inquisition having been made plainly and openly, 
 you shall send it to us (sine Ditone) under your own seal, and 
 the seals of the persons of whom it was made. This Brief 
 was given by ourself at York, the 22nd day of February, in 
 the '44th year of our reign. 
 
 This Brief was received on the Wednesday next before the 
 Feast of St. Gregory. 
 
 An enquiry was made at Harewood in the county of York, 
 before William de Thorneton, clerk to the Lord John de 
 Lythegreynes, Escheator to our Lord the King, beyond Trent, 
 (being appointed to the office of escheator in his absence) on 
 the Wednesday next after the octaves of Easter, in the "24th 
 year of our sovereign Lord Edward, son of our sovereign Lord 
 Henry: and it was made of William Attebeck, Nicholas de 
 Botiller, John de Middleton, Robert Attebeck; Henry, son of 
 Jordan; Robert petipas of Hugh Wygan; Robert de Loft- 
 house, Robert de Dighton, Robert Atte Tune End, Richard de 
 Chappeman, and Alexander M. fes, who declare on their oath 
 that Roger de Alewoldeleye, held in his own lordship as of fee 
 on the day of his death, one messuage of the annual value of 
 12 pence, and twelve tofts and two carucates and a half of land, 
 of the annual value of 50 shillings; and one water mill with 
 the appurtenances thereof in Alwoodley, of the annual value of 
 8 shillings, which he held of the Lord the King in capite, by 
 the sen-ice of paying 18 shillings, 18 pence, rendered yearly 
 to the manor of Harewood, and making suit at the court of 
 Harewood of three weeks in three weeks, and rendering for 
 scutage to the Lord the King, what the scutage is for 46s. and 
 3d., and if more, more, and if less, less; and by the sen-ice of 
 rendering to the Lord the King thirteen pence halfpenny as a
 
 210 ALWOODLEY. 
 
 wapentake fine. And they say that he pays to the Prior of 
 Bolton, for the aforesaid mill, five shillings yearly. And they 
 say that the said Eoger held in Newhale, in his own lordship, 
 as a fief on the day of his death, one messuage of the annual 
 value of five shillings and three bovates, and seven acres of 
 land of the annual value of twelve shillings and ten pence, 
 and he held eighteen penny rents with the appurtenances in 
 the said village, by the service of paying yearly to the manor 
 of Harewood three shillings and two pence three farthings, 
 rendering to the manor of Harewood one plough for one day 
 three times a year, besides the one plough once a year, or in 
 lieu thereof twopence at the pleasure of the lord ; and of find- 
 ing six sickles or six pence in autumn, and making a scutage 
 to the Lord the King, what the scutage is at 40s. lid. and 
 quadrans, and if more, more ; and if less, less. And by the 
 service of rendering to our Lord the King three halfpence per 
 annum as a wapontake fine. And they say that the aforesaid 
 Eoger and Alicia, his wife, who survives him, held conjointly 
 half a carucate of land with the appurtenances in Newhale, 
 which was given to the said Eoger with the aforesaid Alice, as 
 a free marriage gift, being of the annual value of fifteen shil- 
 lings. And they held that half carucate of land of our Lord 
 the King on the day of the aforesaid Eoger 's death hi the form 
 aforesaid, on condition of paying five shillings and three half- 
 pence yearly to the manor of Harewood, and by the service of 
 finding for one day three times a year, and after that for one 
 day twice a year one plough, or in its stead 2 pence, at the 
 pleasure of the Lord 9 sickles, or 9 pence in Autumn, and 
 on condition of paying to our Lord the King 2 pence as- a 
 wapontake fine. They say, moreover, that so long as the 
 aforesaid manor was in the seizing of the Countess of 
 Albemarle, which is now hi the possession of our Lord the 
 King, he held all the aforesaid tenements on the aforesaid 
 conditions of the said Countess, and likewise on the same 
 conditions of our Lord the King at the day of his death in 
 form aforesaid. 
 
 They say moreover that Joanna, Margaret, Alice, and Ana- 
 bella, daughters of the aforesaid Eoger, are the next heirs of
 
 WIKE. 211 
 
 the said Eoger. They say moreover that Joanna was of the 
 age of 8 years, at the feast of the Purification of the Blessed 
 Virgin Mary last past; and that Margaret was of the age of 6 
 years at the feast of the Nativity of the Blessed John last past; 
 and that Alice was of the age of 3 years at the feast of the 
 Annunciation of the Blessed Virgin Mary last past; and 
 Anabella was of the age of 1 year at the feast of St. Peter ad 
 Vincula last past. In testimony whereof the aforesaid persons 
 have affixed their seals to this Inquisition. 
 
 WIKE. 
 
 Wike is thus noticed in Doomsday Book: 
 
 "Manor. In Wic Lignef and Glunier had six carucates to 
 be taxed. Land to three ploughs. Eighteen shillings." 
 
 This village which lies about half a mile eastward of 
 the iron gates on the Harrogate Koad, anciently formed 
 a dependency of Harewood. According to Kirby's 
 Inquest, 13 Ed. I., A.D. 1285, the Abbot of Kirkstall was 
 Lord of the Manor of Wike. 
 
 In the Dodsworth Mss. is the following. " The Prior 
 of Synningtwayt holds a mediety of the village of Wike, 
 the gift of Simon de Montealto, XL annis elaps (forty years 
 previously.)" 
 
 In the month of February, 1836, a large urn full of 
 coins was found by James Dent, a labouring man, while 
 planting a pear tree at the end of a house in the centre 
 of the village. There were several hundreds of them, 
 principally small silver coins of the reign of Edward, I., 
 but many Scotch and Irish coins, as well as some foreign
 
 212 WTKE. 
 
 sterlings, were mixed with the hoard. The date of the 
 deposit is supposed to have been early in the reign of 
 Edward III., and the reason of the concealment was un- 
 doubtedly the unsettled state of Yorkshire during the 
 reigns of the first three Edwards. In that of Edward II., 
 the Scotch made repeated inroads into the county, even 
 spending the winter of 1322 at Morley, ten miles south 
 of Wike, after which they penetrated still further south. 
 An account of this discovery is given in the Archeologia, 
 vol. 28, by Messrs. Francis Sharpe and D. H. Haigh, of 
 Leeds. It is to be regretted that this large hoard was so 
 quickly dispersed. I have been informed that for some 
 time after the discovery, they were publicly offered for 
 sale in the streets of Leeds, several of the silversmiths 
 bought largely, and when the Lord of the Manor began 
 to make enquiries respecting them, they were principally 
 disposed of. I have also been informed that the discov- 
 erer of the hoard, derived no reward nor benefit from 
 them, the occupier of the property claimed and obtained 
 them. 
 
 Wike is situated partly in the parish of Harewood and 
 partly in that of Bardsey. The acreage of the township 
 is 880 acres, and the population in 1851 amounted to 147. 
 
 There is a free school in the township endowed by 
 Lady Elizabeth Hastings, in the year 1739, with 5 
 annually. The same benevolent lady also bequeathed a 
 farm, in this township, to the Parish Church of Leeds, 
 which then produced 2,4 annually; and to the Parish 
 Church of Bardsey the tithes of several farms amounting 
 to 10 clear yearly value.
 
 WIGTON. 213 
 
 WIGTON. 
 
 This township is not mentioned in Domesday Book. 
 
 It is variously spelled in old documents as Wygeton, 
 Wighdon, Wygedone, Wigden, &c. In the time of the 
 Earl of Albemarle, A.D. 1150, Wygeton contained five 
 carucates of land, sixteen of which made a knight's fee. 
 In the returns of the names of the lords of townships, 
 &c., for the purpose of effecting the military levies ordained 
 in the Parliament at Lincoln, IX Ed. II., A.D. 1316, I 
 find the following: 
 
 Wighedou. Prior de Bolton. 
 
 A large portion of the land in this township was appro- 
 priated to religious uses. Isabel de Fortibus gave and 
 confirmed this town to the Prior and Convent of Bolton, 
 which was further confirmed by King Edward II., and 
 the Canons had a rent out of the mill here. 
 
 In the 9th of Henry III., A.D. 1225, the Prior of Bolton 
 had a grant of two oxgangs in Wigden and Brandon, 
 twelve acres of wood, and one mill, and in 43rd Henry 
 III., A.D. 1257, the King granted the Prior and Convent 
 of Drax, free Warren in Wykedon, and Brandon. In the 
 Compotus of Bolton Abbey very frequent mention is made 
 of this township. The following receipts occur in the 
 year 1324-5. "Lands in Wygdon 1 8s. 3d. The mill 
 in Wygdon 2 10s. Od. Rev. Nicholas le Wayte pro ten 
 in Wygden 3 Os. Od. 
 2 i
 
 214 EIGTON. 
 
 The following extract is from the Register of Bolton 
 Priory, A.D. 1357. "Peter de Marion gave and quit 
 claimed to Margery, daughter of Warinus, son of Gerold- 
 us, all the right which he had in the town of Wigdon, 
 with all the appurtenances thereto belonging, and the 
 lands and tenements which he formerly gave to Fulk de 
 Brent, late husband of Margery, besides the land which 
 he gave to the Church of St. Mary and the monks of 
 Bolton, and also the land which he gave to Thomas de 
 Wygdon, parson of Harewode." 
 
 There is a school and schoolmaster's house in Wigton 
 erected by the township, formerly supported by annual 
 payments from the neighbouring landowners, but latterly 
 from some cause or other, these have been withdrawn. 
 Alwoodley Gates forms a part of the township of Wigton, 
 and is so called from the fact of there having been here 
 two large gates leading to the moorland, before it was 
 enclosed. 
 
 The extent of this township is 1294 acres, 1 rood, 16 
 perches, and the population in 1851, was 147. 
 
 RIGTON. 
 
 Rigton or Rygton "the town on the ridge" occupies 
 an elevated position on the left bank of the Wharf e. So 
 early as the year 1120, in the reign of Henry I., there is 
 a charter, the grantor of which was the son of Gospatric 
 de Rigton, in Knaresboro' Forest.
 
 RIGTON. 215 
 
 Hugh, son of Hugh de Lethelay, gave to the monks at 
 Fountain's a moiety of a mill in Eygton, which Adam, the 
 son of Hugh de Lethelay, quit claimed to him ; he also 
 gave the suit of the mill, -with a free passage over his 
 land, through this territory to and from the mill, obliging 
 his tenants to repair the dam, &c. ; the said Hugh also 
 gave one carucate of land, being a moiety of the whole 
 village, and the service of the freeholders, and their heirs, 
 and the natives there, with their families and cattle; for 
 which John Abbot de Fountains, in A.D. 1244, gave to him 
 one hundred marks, and, in A.D. 1248, 32nd Henry III., 
 Sir William de Middleton, being High Sheriff of York- 
 shire, gave security to indemnify the abbot and convent 
 of Fountain's from all suits belonging to Margery de 
 Rypariis, and her heirs or assigns, at her court at Hare- 
 wood, for what the monks had here of his granting. 
 
 By Kirby's Inquest, A.D. 1285, the Abbot of Kirkstall 
 was Lord of the Manor of Rygton. 
 
 Robert de St. Andrew hath granted to Richard Aldburgh 
 and to Joan, wife of the same Richard, the whole manor 
 of Riggeton, near Panhale, for ever. 2 Ed. III., 1329. 
 Har. Mss., 805. 
 
 Isabella de Fortibus, Countess of Albemarle and Devon- 
 shire, Baroness of Skipton, confirmed to the monks of 
 Fountain's Abbey the moiety of the village of Rigton 
 
 During the Parliamentary wars, this village and neigh- 
 bourhood lying midway between the garrisons of Otley, 
 Skipton, and Knaresboro' was the scene of occasional 
 skirmishes.
 
 216 RIGTON. 
 
 The following extract is from an old tract of that period. 
 
 "The Ear*l of Newcastle's army do now range over all the 
 south-west part of this country, pillaging and cruelly using 
 the well-affected party; and the last week there is a gar- 
 rison of horse and foot layd at Knaresbro', where they began 
 to fortify the town, and pillage and utterly ruin all the religious 
 people in those parts, and round about them. On Friday 
 seven night last, three troops and some other forces, of which 
 many were French, came from that garrison, and pillaged 
 Otley, and there barbarously used some honest women of that 
 town, and in their retreat to Knaresbro' upon the open forest 
 (Rigton), they took a man and a woman, the man they wounded 
 and beat cruelly, and, before his face, ravished the woman." 
 
 On the dissolution of Fountain's Abbey, about 1540, 
 this manor continued in the crown till the year 1556, 
 when it was sold to Sir William Fairfax for 22G 7s. 6d. It 
 continued in this family till the year 1716, when it was sold, 
 under a decree in chancery, to Robert Wilkes, Esq., from 
 whom it descended to his great grand-daughter, the only 
 daughter and heiress of Charlton Palmer, Esq., of Beck- 
 enharn, in Kent, and ladj r of the Rev. Dr. Pollock, from 
 whom it was purchased by Lord Harewood in 1796. This 
 manor was regarded as part of the Forest of Knaresbro', 
 and to this day it is called Rigton in the Forest. The 
 manor house stood at the east end of the village, the site 
 of which now only remains, including nearly an acre of 
 ground, encompassed by a moat. 
 
 There is a Methodist Chapel, erected in the year 1820, 
 and an excellent National School with teacher's residence, 
 was built in the year 1848, at the joint expense of the 
 Earl of Harewood, Lord of the Manor, and the Rev. 
 Henry Blunt, M.A., the late Rector.
 
 RIGTON. 217 
 
 The acreage is 31.50, and the population in 1851 
 amounted to 463. 
 
 Almscliff or Almia's Cliff, near this village, a group of 
 stupendous rocks on the top of a high hill, require more 
 than a passing notice. The name itself has been the 
 subject of much dispute. By some it is said to be derived 
 from the Celtic "Al" a rock and "Mias" an altar; by 
 others it is said to have derived its name from the distri- 
 bution of alms, at certain times, agreeably to the tenor of 
 legacies left to the chapel which stood there in the sixteenth 
 century, and was at .that time dedicated to the Virgin 
 Mary. The site of the chapel now goes by the name of 
 Chapel-Hill. 
 
 On approaching them from a distance, they appear like 
 some stupendous fabric tumbled into ruins. On the sum- 
 mit of this enormous pile are several of those basins, 
 hollowed in the stone, which Borlase and other authors 
 suppose to have been formed and used by the Druids to 
 collect the water which came from the clouds, as the 
 purest of all fluids, and therefore the most proper for the 
 purpose of purification. There is also a cavity in the 
 form of a parallelogram such as the same author supposes 
 was also used by the Druids to receive the bodies of child- 
 ren, for the cure of particular disorders. Into these 
 basins, the country people hereabouts frequently drop a 
 pin, for good luck, a remnant of superstition not far 
 remote from their supposed original use. The Fairy 
 Parlour is a fissure in the west side of the rock, dipping 
 from N. W. to nearly S. E., and has frequently been ex- 
 plored to a considerable length, but where it ends is yet
 
 218 RIGTON. 
 
 a mystery. Not far distant from this are the remains of 
 a rocking stone, which has evidently been cut away to 
 prevent its moving. 
 
 There are also two upright stones in the valley below, 
 they are each about twelve feet high, and their shape is 
 that of an irregular wedge, both are much corroded by 
 the action of the weather. The singular shape and posi- 
 tion of these stones have lead some to suppose, they were 
 rock idols in those dark ages, when the rude Briton 
 bowed down to the spreading oak, and adored the massive 
 column. 
 
 In the year 1776, a young woman, the daughter of a 
 respectable farmer in Rigton, being disappointed in the 
 object of her affections, made the experiment of the lover's 
 leap from one of these rocks, whose height is at least 45 
 feet; providentially a west wind blew strongly, by which 
 she was carried to some distance and descended so grad- 
 ually as to receive no considerable hurt. The prospect 
 from the summit of this lofty hill can scarcely be equalled. 
 On one side are sterile and bleak hills, partially cultivated, 
 and in some parts covered with ling; and on the other 
 side the contrast is marvellous, a magnificent view of 
 Wharfedale with its villages, and its river like a silver 
 thread winding through it; on the opposite side the woods 
 of Harewood, with its noble castle, bound the view; while 
 far beyond, the hills of Derbyshire can be distinctly seen 
 at a distance of sixty miles. Its proximity to Harrogate 
 renders it a favourite place of resort for the visitors during 
 the summer months. Altogether it is a remarkable spot, 
 and, apart from its elevated and beautiful position, it is 
 well worthy of a visit from the geologist and antiquary.
 
 ARTHIXGTON. 219 
 
 AETHINGTON. 
 
 Although not situated in the parish of Harewood, yet 
 its nunnery standing on the confines of the township and 
 the important position which it occupies in connexion 
 with the parish, demand some notice of its history. The 
 village occupies an exceedingly rural and picturesque 
 situation on the banks of the Wharfe. At the time of the 
 Domesday survey it belonged to the Earl of Morton. 
 The following is the extract. "In Hardinetone, Alward 
 had one manor of three carucates, and two oxgangs and 
 a half to be taxed, where there may be three ploughs, 
 Richard has it of the Earl. There is there one villane 
 ploughing with two oxen, and there are two acres of 
 meadow. Wood pasture two quarentens long and two 
 broad. The whole manor one mile long and four quar- 
 entens broad. Value in King Edward's time thirty shil- 
 lings, now five shillings." What a sad illustration this 
 affords of the desolation to which this part of the country 
 was reduced by the Conqueror. In this large and fertile 
 township, only one inhabitant was found ploughing with 
 two oxen, and the value of the Tand was reduced from 
 thirty shillings, its value in Edward the Confessor's reign, 
 1041, to five shillings, its value at the time of the Domes- 
 day survey. 
 
 It appears that about the middle of the 12th century 
 (1150), Peter de Arthington founded this nunnery, and 
 endowed it as a Priory of Cluniac Nuns,* to the honour of 
 
 * See Appendix.
 
 
 220 AKTHINGTOX. 
 
 the Virgin Mary. He gave the sight and demesnes of 
 the house which were afterwards augmented by Serlo de 
 Arthington, his son. They were subsequently confirmed 
 by Pope Alexander. The following grants, from benefac- 
 tors in this neighbourhood, will enable the reader to form 
 some estimate of its worth and position. 
 
 Serlo, son of the founder, gave lands in Arthington, called 
 Bedesholme, Huberholme, and all the land between Tebecroft 
 and Soterkeld. 
 
 Peter, son of Serlo de Arthington, gave one acre of land in 
 Tebecroft; and Agas, of Arthington, daughter of Vavasour, 
 Esq., of "Weston, gave all she had in the same place. Peter 
 also gave water to supply the mill, and Balph, son of Geoffrey 
 de Arthington, gave an effart of land with meadow thereto 
 belonging, and lands in Mickleholme, Bedesholme, and the 
 meadow, with an acre of land at the bead of Lincroft, and 
 common in the marsh for their oxen and six cows. 
 
 Bramhope. Jeremy, son of William de Marton, gave pas- 
 ture for 200 sheep here, with commlon in the pastures, and 
 tui-bary throughout the whole. 
 
 Little Burdun, now called Burden Head. Serlo, son of 
 Peter de Arthington, gave half an oxgang of land here. 
 
 Harewood. Robert de Lisle, Lord of Harewood, in the 6th 
 year of Edward III., AD. 1332, for the good of the soul of 
 Margaret, his wife, gave one quarter of wheat yearly at 
 Michaelmas, out of this manor. 
 
 Helthwaite, or Helthwaite Hill. Alice de Romelli, Baroness 
 of Skipton, the devout foundress of Bolton Prior}-, gave one 
 half of her lands in this place, which was confirmed by Warin 
 Fitz Gerald, the King's Chamberlain, and by William de Curci, 
 her son.
 
 ARTHINGTON. 221 
 
 Helewic. Roger de Fodringhey, Jordan de Eisford, and 
 Sigereda, Roger's wife, gave four acres of land in this place, 
 with pasture for forty cattle, twenty hogs, twenty goats, and with 
 easements in his wood, which was confirmed by William, son 
 of Cospatric de Estainecotes and Petronilla, his wife, daughter 
 of Roger de Fodringhey. 
 
 Maltby, near Doncaster. On the 12th January, 1377, 1st 
 year of Richard III., the parish church of Maltby, given to 
 the nunnery of Arthington, was appropriated to it by Alex- 
 ander Nevill, Archbishop of York, who, in recompense of the 
 damage done to his cathedral church thereby, reserved to himself 
 and successors, out of the fruits thereof, an annual pension of 
 13s. 4d., and to the Dean and Chapter 6s. 8d., payable by the 
 said religious at Pentecost and Martinmas ; and also saved to 
 the perpetual Vicar thereof (who shall be presentable by the 
 religious for ever) the same portion of fruits and profits of the 
 church which the Vicar heretofore used to receive, and also 
 the annual pension of four marks, payable by the said religious 
 at those times whereon the Rectors paid it. 
 
 Pool, near Otley. Simon, son of Robert de Pouil, in A.D. 
 1258, 42nd year of Henry III., sold to the nuns all his mea- 
 dows here lying near Wiwarderiding. 
 
 Jeremy, son of William de Marton, gave all his land and 
 meadow here, with an effart of land in the same territory 
 called Snetholfeding. 
 
 Thomas, son of Isaac de Pouil, in A.D. 1254, 38 Hen. III.. 
 gave all his culture of land, extending in length from Milne- 
 beck to the highway leading to York. 
 
 Ralph, son of Hamel de Pouil, gave one messuage and two 
 tofts, with half an acre of land here. 
 
 Stubhouse. Henry de Stubhus sold to the nuns four acres 
 rf land in this territory. 
 
 2 E
 
 222 ARTHIXGTON. 
 
 Avicia, daughter and heir of Geoffrey Woodhouse, gave the 
 homage and service of Richard de Stubhus and his heirs for 
 all the lands which he held here, beiug a toft, croft, and 7 
 acres and a half of land, with the meadow thereto adjoining. 
 
 The Prioress of Arthington holds one toft and 20 acres of 
 land, the gift of Richard de Stuhhus, and one toft and 1 1 acres 
 of land, the gift of Henry de Stubhus, xxiiij ann : elaps. 
 
 Swindon. Alice de Romelli gave the nuns leave in the 
 harvest time, to have 40 hogs in her wood here, with common 
 pasture for their cattle in the said wood; upon condition that 
 she and her heirs should always place one nun in the said 
 house, which was confirmed by Warm Fitz Gerald and William 
 de Curci, her son, sewer to the King. 
 
 Wyton. Thomas, son of Henry de Scriven gave that land 
 called Paynescroft in this territory, lying near the road to 
 Digton. 
 
 W T yverdlay. John Clerk, of Wyverdlay gave one acre of land 
 in this territory, lying in the Hagges, with common pasture 
 through the whole town. 
 
 Sir Alan de Peryngton, Knight, gave a discharge of 4s. rent 
 out of Wyverdlay. 
 
 The spirit of charity towards this priory which charac- 
 terized the elder branches of the family of Arthington, 
 seems to have expired before the reign of Henry VI., for 
 we find that John Arthington "had diverse controversies 
 with the nuns." The matter in dispute was referred to 
 John Thwaites, Esq., of Denton, an eminent lawyer, 
 whose curious award was transcribed, probably by Dods- 
 worth, for the Monasticon Anglicanum."
 
 ARTHINGTON. 223 
 
 "An Awarde made in the eight and twentythe yer of the 
 reigne of Kyng HaiTy the syxt by John Thwaites, betwixt 
 John Arthington and the Prioress and Convent of Arthington, 
 touching diverse controversies betwext them." 
 
 " Be the Pope Alexander's bull, confirmeing the gift of Peers, 
 of Arthington, that gaffe them the place the whilk the said 
 abbey is bigged on with all the appurtenances, and the gift of 
 Serle, Peer's son, of Bedesholme, Huberdholme, and all the 
 lands betwext Tebecroft and Souterkeld, and half a ploghe 
 land in Burdon And of the gift of Peers, the said Serle son 
 one acre of land next his land in Tebecroft, and half an car- 
 ruee of the gyft of his moder in the hede of Lincroft. I, the said 
 John Thwaite, seeing notable evidence be deedes be the 
 whilk Serle of Arthington gaffe Bedesholme, and Huburdholine 
 confirming the gifts of Peers his fader in and to the prioresse 
 and coven te of the said nownree, and also a bull of their fund- 
 acion with heynous and horrible curseing of disturbance of the 
 said nownree, and be a deed that Peers, son of Serle Arthington 
 giffs and confirmes all the gifts that the said Serle and his 
 ancestors gaffe to the saide nownes and be the said deed gaff 
 to the said nownes one acre of land in Tebecroft and allso all 
 the waytre that they may need to make vam a myline with 
 and to thair other usez necessarez. And also that Agas of 
 Arthington daughter of Vavasur gaffe all her land in Tebe- 
 croft, and afterward by another deede made by Raufe son of 
 Geoffray of Arthington giffs and confirms to the prioresse and 
 covent of the said nownree a sart that And 
 
 alsoe the said lands of Mikelholme and Bedesholme and the 
 meadow wieh the thomes and esshes determin and Hubard- 
 holme and Milneholme and the Ellers and all the land that is 
 betwext Tebecroft and Souterkeld with meadowes and wodes 
 lying againes the heyway toward Arthington and Gamel 
 with half a cam' of land in Litte Burdon, and if thai will 
 grynd at his mylne to grynd at xxiiii vessell And for thar 
 malt noght giff multer. And the syte of an olde mylne with a 
 littel sart that lyes betwixt the mylne and the Ellers with 
 other land in Arthiugton and all the water within his fee for
 
 224 ARTHINGTON". 
 
 helping and sustayneing of the said nownree," &c., kc. Mon: 
 Ang: vol. 1, pp 690, 691. 
 
 This claim must have thrown the nuns into the great- 
 est perplexity, and their fears must have been excited 
 lest the bulk of their property should be alienated. It 
 terminated however in their favour, and thus far they did 
 not suffer any loss by the litigiousness of John Arthington. 
 They appear to have experienced few changes, very little 
 is said respecting them, for the nunnery never arrived 
 at any importance, nor was it possessed of much wealth. 
 One passage in the award is deserving of notice. It refers 
 to the foundation having taken place with "heynous and 
 horrible curseing" of disturbance. What this refers to 
 is a mystery. 
 
 Among the many testamentary interments connected 
 with this Priory are the following: 
 
 Robert de Arthington, by will proved 21st Nov., 1391, 
 ordered his corpse to be laid here. 
 
 Richard Everingham, by. will proved 8th October, l-t82, did 
 the same. 
 
 John de Arthington, by will proved 2Uh March, 1507, was 
 interred here as ordered therein. 
 
 Robert de Arthington buried in the church of the nuns of 
 Arthington. 16 Henry VII., 1501. 
 
 Although the nuns themselves vowed the estate of 
 celibacy, yet their chapel was used in celebrating mar- 
 riages, as is evident from the following extract. Har. 
 Mss., 805, fol 18. 
 
 Henry Arthington married Maud Goldisburgb, of Adel, in 
 the chapel of Arthington, 19th August, 1505, '21 Henry VII.
 
 ARTHINGTON. 
 
 225 
 
 According to the Collectanea Topographica this Priory 
 was returned at .7 11s. 7^d. under the monastery of St. 
 Mary at York. In 26 Henry VIII., A.D. 1535, the annual 
 revenue was valued at 11 8s. 4d. according to Dugdale ; 
 but according to Speed at 19. There were ten nuns in 
 the Priory at the time of its dissolution. 
 
 The following is a list of the Prioresses from the 
 earliest known date, taken from Burton's Monasticon. 
 
 Time of Election. 
 
 Vacated 
 by. 
 
 4tb Dec., 1302 
 18th Sep., 1312 , 
 
 14th Sep., 1349 . . , 
 19th March, 1463 
 
 6th Dec., 1484 
 
 l~th May, 1492 
 
 27th Aug., 1494 
 
 In Septem. Pentec., 1496. 
 17th July, 1532 
 
 Mort. 
 
 Depriv. 
 Mort. 
 
 Agnes de Serevin 
 
 Agnes de Pontefract, a Nun here. 
 
 Maud de Batheley, a Nun 
 
 Isabel Bautrie 
 
 Isabel de Benyghley 
 
 Alice Eoucester ') ,, . 
 
 Marjoria Craven I J * 
 
 Kathrine \Vilstrope 1 1 , 
 
 Alice Maud J Mor 
 
 Elizabeth Popely. 
 
 Margaret Turton. 
 
 Alice Hall 
 
 Elizabeth Hall, a Nun, the last Prioress, who 
 had a pension of > pr. ann. assigned to 
 her, which she enjoyed in A.D. 1553. She, 
 with the convent consisting of about nine 
 Nuns, surrendered the prior}', which sur- 
 rendery was enrolled on the 26th Nov., 31 
 Hen. VIII., A.D. 1540, at which time there 
 remained in charge 5 6s. 8d. in annuities, 
 and these pensions, viz : to 
 
 Elizabeth Vavasour, 
 
 Katherine Cokel, 
 
 Joan Thompson, 
 
 Agnes Pettye, 
 
 Dorothy Procter, ^Each 1 6s. 8d. 
 
 Effam Ratclyff, 
 
 Elizabeth Wormwell, 
 
 Issabel Whitehead, 
 
 Joan Hales. 
 
 Its site at the dissolution was granted in the 34 Henry 
 VIII., A.D. 1543, to Cranmer, Archbishop of Canterbury, 
 in exchange, and in 1 Edward VI., A.D. 1547, the King 
 confirmed the grant, with the addition of divers messuages, 
 &c., in Arthington, and in the fourth year of the same
 
 226 ARTHTNGTOX. 
 
 reign, A.D. 1550, an additional licence was granted to the 
 Archbishop, allowing him to alienate the same to Peter 
 Hammond and others, as trustees for the use of Thomas 
 Cranmer, his younger son. 
 
 Its position, like all monastic institutions, was most 
 happily chosen, standing very pleasantly near the river 
 Wharfe, in a beautiful valley extending east and west. 
 
 Of its dimensions, appearance, and materials, we have 
 no idea, not a single trace can be found, not a fragment 
 has been suffered to remain. The bath, which stood some 
 distance from it, and which was pretty perfect some few 
 years since, was pulled down by piecemeal, gradually 
 diminishing every year, until last year it disappeared 
 altogether. As a veritable portion of the original nunnery 
 it was extremely valuable, and its demolition is to be 
 regreted. A few inequalities discernible in the orchard 
 and gardens evidently point out where some portion at 
 least of the house stood. The name is now given to a 
 fine old Hall House, built apparently about the time of 
 Charles 1st. The date, 1585, over the doorway, is gen- 
 erally supposed to have been removed from some other 
 adjacent building. The nunnery and farm house were 
 purchased by the first Earl of Harewood. 
 
 The seal of this nunnery is a plain copper one, about 
 the size of a pigeon's egg. The subject is a side view of 
 the Blessed Virgin crowned, but without the infant Jesus, 
 bearing in her right hand a lily. The inscription is im- 
 perfect, all that remains being 
 
 SIGILL SCE MARIE D' - - - NGTVIV 
 
 Sigiluni See Marie de Arthiiigtona
 
 ARTHIXGTON. 227 
 
 This seal is appendant to a deed in the office of the 
 Duchy of Lancaster. 
 
 The following copies of deeds of grants to this nun- 
 nery have been kindly forwarded to me by George 
 Went worth, Esq., of Woolley Park, near Wakefield, and 
 are exceedingly valuable and interesting. The names 
 of the attesting witnesses will be read with great delight 
 by local antiquaries. 
 
 Sciant presentes et futuri quod ego Walterus filius Hugonis 
 de Creskeld dedi et concessi et hac carta mea confirraavi pro 
 salute aniniifi et heredum et antecessorum et successorum 
 meorum Deo et beate Marie et monialibus de Arthingtona 
 ibidem Deo servientibus, dimidiam acram prati in Keleether 
 quse jacet inter terram arabilem et fossetam et pratum quod 
 jacet ad caput crofti presbyterii ex parte oriental! cum omnibus 
 pertinentiis et libertatibus dictis pratis pertinentibus ten end ' 
 et habendam in perpetuam in puram elemosinam, libere et 
 quiete ab omni exactione et demanda de me et beredibus et 
 successoribus meis et sciena est quod quietam clamavi de me 
 et heredibus meis et successoribus meis predictis monialibus 
 in perpetuam uuam acram terrae in territoris de Artbingtona 
 scilicet in Breninnges quam de eis tenui cujus unam capud 
 teridit versus mediete et alterum versus boream. Ut autem 
 bee mea donatio et concessis et quietam clamatio firma et 
 stabilis in perpetuam present! huic scripto sigillum meum ap- 
 posui. Et ego et heredes mei omnia predicta predictis moni- 
 alibus ubique et contra omnes homines def'eiidemus et Waran- 
 tizalimus. His testibus : Thomas tune persona de Harewud, 
 Galfrido de Arthingtona, Alano tune rectore ecclesiffi de Adel, 
 Adam de Thotp, Henricus de Alwaldel, Henricus de Gouketorp, 
 Hugo de Creskeld, Waltero de Lanario, Roberto Stot et multis 
 aliis. 
 
 Grant of half an acre of land from Walter, the son of 
 Hugo de Creskeld, to the nuns of Arthington.
 
 228 ARTH1NGTOX. 
 
 Noverint universi presentis et futuri, Quod ego Hugo de 
 Crescheld dedi concessi et hac present! carta mea, confirmavi 
 Deo et beate Marie de Hardingtun et monialibus ibidem, Deo 
 servieutibus in puram et perpetuam eleraosinam in incrementum 
 terrse de Hallegard quam habent de dono meo quandam terram 
 que vocatur Henghende flat quandam selionem jacentem inter 
 Haywyine bothem et Hallegard et quandam placiam prati 
 jacentem inter pratum capellani et pratum Jordani de Binghel. 
 Ita vero quod dictus Jordanus de Binghel vel sui assignati 
 teneant dictam terram cum dicto prato una cum dicta terra de 
 Hallegard de dictis monialibus in perpetuum reddendo in de 
 dictis monialibus annuatim unum denarium ad festum Sancti 
 Martini in hyeme pro omni servicio et exactione seculari. 
 Ego vero et heredes mei dictam terram et dictam pratum cum 
 omnibus pertinentiis suis dictis monialibus contra omnes 
 homines In perpetuum Warantizalimus et defendemus. In 
 hujus rei testimonium presenti scripto sigillum meum apposui. 
 His testibus Domino Galfrido de Hardingtun, Willielmo de 
 Plumtuna, Ada de Wytuna, Roberto de Wytuna, Henrico de 
 Westchoch, Willielmo de Castelay, Henrico de Goucthorp, 
 Henrico de Stubhus, Waltero filio Hugonis de Creskeld, 
 Waltero Lanerio et multis aliis. 
 
 Grant of Hugh de Creskeld to the nuns of Arthington. 
 
 Sciant presentis et futuri quod ego Hugo de Creskeld dedi 
 et concessi et hac carta mea confirmavi pro salute animae mese 
 et heredum et antecessorum et successorum meorum Deo et 
 beate Marie et monialibus de Arthingtun ibidem Deo servien- 
 tibus unam acram et dimidiam perticatam prati in territorio 
 de Creskeld in Hassocher cujus unum tendit versus meridiem 
 et alterum caput super pratum quondam Jordanus de Binghel 
 tenuit cum omnibus pertinentiis et libertatibus predicto prato 
 pertinentibus tenend' et habend' in puram et perpetuam ele- 
 mosinam et libere et quiete ab omni exactione et demanda de 
 me et heredibus meis et successoribus meis. Et ego et heredes 
 Warantizalimus et defendemus predictum pratum cum perti- 
 nentiis predictis monialibus in perpetuam ubique et contra
 
 ARTHINGTON. 229 
 
 omnes homines. In hujus rei testimonium huic scripto sigil- 
 lum meum apposui. His testibus, Thomas tune persona de 
 Harewud, Aleno tune rector de Adele, Adam de Ttholk, 
 Galfridus de Arthingtun, Henricus de Alwaldel, Hugo de 
 Gouketorp, Walterus de Lanaris, Henricus de Stubhus, 
 Willielmo de Lofthus, Adam de Winarthel, Hugo de Ougch, 
 et aliis. 
 
 Grant of one acre and a half of land to the nuns of 
 Arthington, from Hugo de Creskeld. 
 
 The following grants from this township were given to 
 the monks of Kirkstall. 
 
 Ealph, the son of Geoffrey de Arthington, gave two oxgangs 
 of land in this township, which William Bakeske confirmed ; 
 and Peter de Arthington also granted them pasture for 300 
 sheep, on the brow of Arthington Bank, in the length and 
 breadth of the parish; he also gave two carucates, and half an 
 acre, with Adam, son of Aschetin and his family; likewise two 
 other oxgangs with William, son of Berenger and his family, 
 together with the land lying between Wharf and Koutanford; 
 and also one acre of meadow in Siwardwar, with the land 
 called Calnefall, and the meadow lying between Pyckel and 
 Michelholme. 
 
 Peter de Arthington gave eight acres and one rood in this 
 field also to the priory of Kirkstall. 
 
 Hoc sciiptum indentatum testat quod nos, Johannes Abbas 
 beate Marie de Kirkestall et converitus ejusdem loci concessi- 
 mus et ad finam dimisimus Laurentius de Arthingtona, totam 
 illam terram cum prato in Arthington bancko quam Henricus 
 Forestarius quondam tenuit Habend et tenerid predicto Lau- 
 rentius et heredibus suis usque ad terminam triginta plenarie 
 completorum unde et in pace de nobis et successoribus nostris 
 termino incipientibus ad Pentecost, Anno Domini MCCC, duo-
 
 230 ARTHINGTON. 
 
 clecimo Reddendo inde annuatim nobis vel successoribus 
 nostris viginti denarios argenti ad duos annos terminum per 
 equales portiones scilicit ad festam Pentecost et Sancti Martini 
 in hyeme pro omni servicio seculari exactione et demanda. 
 Ita quod per finem dicti termini totam predictam terram cum 
 prato nobis et successoribus nostris sine contradictione vel 
 retinemento alicumque integre revercione Regis vero predict! 
 conventus et successores nostii predictam terram cum prato 
 predicto Laurentius et beredibus suis usque ad terminum 
 triginta annorum plenarie completorum contra omnes homines 
 Warrantizalimus. In cujus rei buic scripto indentato utrumque 
 pars alternati finem apposuerit sigillum. His testibus Domino 
 Ricardo de Goldesburgh militis, Waltero de Mideltona, 
 Riccardus de "Wiggetona, Willielmo de Ilketona, Roberto de 
 Dicbton, Data apud Kirkestall in die sancti Ambrosii Episcopi 
 anno supradicto. 
 
 Lease from Kirkstall Abbey to Laurentius de Arthing- 
 tona, of the whole of their land with a meadow in 
 Arthington Bank, which Henry Forestar formerly held, 
 A.D. 1312. 
 
 Small seal attached to the deed in brown wax, with 
 this inscription : Sigillum Conventus de Kirkestall. 
 
 Sciant omnes presentes et futuri quod ego Andreas de Adele, 
 dedi concessi, et hac mea carta present! confirmavi Jordans de 
 Bingelay et assignatis suis et eorum heredibus, tres acras teme 
 in Ardigtona jacentes inter Arthingtona et Creskelde quas 
 Walterus filius Hugonis et Johannes Hardegay quondam 
 tenuerunt cum tofto et crofto, et cum omnibus pertinentiis, 
 tenend et habend predicto Jordano vel assignatis suis et eorum 
 heredibus, de me et heredibus meis in feodo et hereditate 
 libere quiete bonorifice et integre cum omnibus aysiamentis 
 et libertatibus liberis communibus in bosco et piano, in pratis 
 et pascuis, in viis et semitis, in aquis et molcndinis, et in 
 omnibus locis ad predictam terram pertinentibus infra villam
 
 ARTHIXGTOX. 231 
 
 et extra sine aliquo retinemento reddendo inde annuatim mihi 
 et heredibus meis duos denarios scilicet annuatim ad festum 
 Pentecost unum denarium ad festum Sancti Martini in hyeme 
 pro omni servicio et demanda omni re ad terrain pertinente et 
 pro predicta donatione et concessione dedit mihi predictus 
 Jordanno tres marcas argenti pro manibus. Et 1 ut hec mea 
 donatio firma sit et stabilis hanc cartam sigillo meo roboravi. 
 Et ego et heredes mei Warantizalimus illi vel assign atis suis et 
 eorum heredibus predictam ten-am cum pertinentibus ubique 
 et erga omnes homines in perpetuam. His te$tibus Galfrido 
 Arthingtona, Hugo de Creskelde, Ada de Wytona, Henricus de 
 Alwaldelay, Henricus de Stubhus, Alano de Brearehahe. 
 
 Grant from Andreas de Adele to Jordano de Bingelay, 
 of three acres of land in Ardigtona, lying between 
 Arthington and Creskelke (Kirskill). 
 
 From the previous account of Arthington Nunnery, it 
 will be seen that the Arthingtons were a family settled 
 here in very early times. Cyril de Arthington lived about 
 the year 1100, and from this time up to the year 1681, 
 the estate descended regularly from father to son, upwards 
 of 500 years. In this year Henry Arthington died 
 without issue, and the estate passed to Cyril Arthington, 
 a descendant of a younger branch of the family. He 
 erected Arthington Hall,* and furnished it with water, 
 as Thoresby says, "conveyed in pipes of lead from an 
 engine he has contrived at his mill upon the river Wharf, 
 being an ingenious gentleman and well seen in hydrosta- 
 tics. He has also generously erected a stately monument 
 of black and white marble, for his kinsman and prede- 
 
 * For the two plates of this mansion I am indebted to W. F. Carruthers, 
 Esq., who kindly forwarded me the copper-plates.
 
 232 ARTHIXGTON. 
 
 cessor, whence I transcribed this epitaph, which is the 
 more grateful because the only one of so ancient a 
 family. 
 
 M.S. 
 
 Henricus Arthington Armig: 
 
 Antiquae Familise et nomini consulens 
 
 Cyrillum Cognatum et Cognominem 
 
 Hserederu ex asse instituit 
 
 Hie. 
 
 Non Morituree Charissimi Consanguinei 
 et Munificentissinii Benefactoris 
 
 Memorise 
 grato animo monunientum fecit 
 
 L.M. 
 Obiit Feb r - 22 Anno 
 
 MDCLXXXI. 
 
 Cyril Arthington died in 1720, leaving a son Cj-ril, who 
 died in 1729, leaving a son Cyril, who died a minor at 
 Oxford, in 1750. The estate now passed into the family 
 of the Rev. Thomas Hardcastle, Canon of Christ Church, 
 Dublin, whose son assumed the name of Arthington. It 
 subsequently became the property of W. F. Carruthers, 
 Esq., whose mother was the daughter of the last Mr. 
 Arthington. This gentleman sold the estate about the 
 year 1850, to W. Sheepshanks, Esq., who has erected a 
 fine residence on Rawdon Hill, the extremity of the 
 township. The present occupier of Arthington Hall 
 is Thomas Farmer, Esq. 
 
 Though the family of the Arthingtons was very ancient, 
 none of them ever enjoyed a title or dignity. The names 
 of various members are appended to several deeds of
 
 ARTHIXGTON. 233 
 
 Kirkstall Abbey, to which they were great benefactors. In 
 the returns of the names of the Lords of Townships, &c., 
 for the purpose of effecting the military levies, ordained 
 in the Parliament at Lincoln, 9 Ed. II., is the following: 
 
 Arthington. Laurence de Arthiiigton. 
 
 During the Parliamentary "Wars, Lord Fairfax resided 
 at Arthington occasionally, and in January, 1659, he 
 passed through Harewood from Arthington to Wetherby, 
 with a detachment of soldiers to join the army. 
 
 Arthington forms a township in the parish of Adel, the 
 acreage is 2000, and the population according to the last 
 census, amounted to 360. There is a large commodious 
 room which answers the purpose of a school-room during 
 the week and a Methodist Chapel on the Sunday. 
 
 ARTHIXGTON OF ARTHINGTON. 
 
 Thomas, of Arthington, cham- 
 berlain to King John, great 
 grandfather of Henry, of Ar- 
 thington, summoned to parlia- 
 ment A.D. 1336. 
 
 Cyril, Lord of Arthington, 
 
 mar d. of had issue 
 
 Peter. Probably the above Tho- 
 mas was s. and b. of Peter/ of 
 Arthington, founder of the nun- 
 nery, temp. Stephen or Hen. II.
 
 234 AKTHIXGTOX. 
 
 Peter, of Arthington, s. and h. of Cyrill, mar d. of. 
 
 had issue Alexander, Geoffrey mar sister of Eoger Scot, 
 
 of Scot Hall, near Leeds. 
 
 Alexander Arthington, of Arthington, s. and h. of Peter, 
 mar d. of. had issue Gilbert, Geoffrey. 
 
 Gilbert Arthington, of Arthington, s. and h. of Alexander, 
 mar had issue Ralph. 
 
 Kalph Arthington, of Arthington, s. and h. of Gilbert, 
 mar had issue Robert. 
 
 Robert Arthington, of Arthington, s. and h. of Ralph, mar. 
 had issue Ralph. 
 
 Ralph Arthington, of Arthington, s. and h. of Robert, living 
 
 32 Ed. III., mar had issue Robert, Ralph, mar d. 
 
 of John Rowden, Esq. 
 
 Robert Arthington, of Arthington, s. and h. of Ralph, living 
 10 Richard II., mar had issue John. 
 
 John Arthington, of Arthington, s and h. of Robert, mar 
 
 had issue Richard, Robert, Thomas, William. 
 
 Richard Arthington, of Arthington. Esq , s. and h. of John. 
 mar. Jane, d. and co-heiress of Sir Roger Hewick, Knt., had 
 issue John. 
 
 John Arthington, of Arthington, Esq., s. and h. of Richard, 
 living 28 Hen. VI., mar. Jane, d. and co-heir of Sir John 
 Corners, alias Norton, Knt , had issue Henry, John, Richard ; 
 Ann, married Mr. Robt. Allen, of Craven ; Dorothy, married 
 Mr. William West, of London ; Elizabeth, married Mr. Henry 
 Craddock, of London. 
 
 Henry Arthington, of Arthington, Esq., s. and h. of John, 
 mar. Maud, d. of Sir Richard Goldsborough, Knt., had issue 
 Richard, William, Robert, George, Laurence. 
 
 Richard Arthington, of Arthington, Esq., s. and h. of Henry, 
 married Rosamund, d. of Thomas Lister, of Westby, Esq.,
 
 ARTHINGTON. 235 
 
 had issue Sir William, Isabell married Thomas Womb well, 
 of Thunnercliffe Grange. 
 
 Sir William Arthington, of Arthington, Kilt., s. and h. of 
 Richard, married Catherine, d. of Sir William Ingleby, of 
 Ripley, Knt., had issue Cyrill; Jane, married Hugh, younger 
 brother to Lord Windsor; Cicely, married Christopher Lan- 
 caster, of Craketrees, in Westmoreland, Esq. ; Frances, married 
 Sir Edward Plompton, of Plompton, Knt. 
 
 He purchased the Rectory of Adel of Queen Elizabeth, it 
 belonged to Kirkstall Abbey. He was buried in Adel Church, 
 19th Oct., 1623. 
 
 Cyrill Arthington, of Arthington, Esq , s. and h. of Sir 
 William, married Rosamund, d. of William Hawksworth, of 
 Hawksworth, Esq., had issue William; Ralph, married Mary, 
 d. of Henry Neville, of Chevet, Esq., had issue Cyrill Arthing- 
 ton, of Milthorp, Esq., who married Anne, d. of Major 
 Binns, of Horbury; Rosamund, married Francis Neville, 
 of Chevet, Esq. ; Jane, married Michael Fawkes, of Farnley, 
 Esq.; Dorothy, mamed John Armitage, of Kirklees, Esq.; 
 Elizabeth, married 1st, Mr. Basil Staveley ; 2ndly, Mr. William 
 Hardcastle. 
 
 William Arthington, of Arthington, Esq., s. and h. of Cyrill, 
 married Anne, d. of William Tancred, of Bran ton, Esq., had 
 issue Henry, Francis; Rosamund, married Richard Thornton, 
 of Tyersall, Gent. ; Anne, married Mr. Thomas Gabates. The 
 said Anne the mother, survived and married 2ndly, Francis 
 Neville, of Chevet, Esq. 
 
 Henry Arthington, of Arthington, Esq., s. and h. of William, 
 married Mary, d. of Ferdinand, Lord Fairfax, of Denton, had 
 issue Henry, who died s.p. A.D. 1681 ; Dorothy, Mary, Frances, 
 Anne. 
 
 So the estate being entailed on the issue male, came to the 
 aforesaid Cyrill Arthington, of Millthorp, or his s. and h. 
 Cyrill Arthington, who died without issue, the said Cyrill 
 Arthington, of Millthorp, had also by Ann Binns, his wife, 
 2nd son Sandfurd Arthington, of Milford, M.B.; Anne; Eliza-
 
 236 AVEARDLEY. 
 
 beth, married Joseph Wood, M.A., Vicar of Sandal, near 
 Wakefield ; Rosamund, mar. Thomas Hardcastle, Prebendary 
 of Christ Church, in Dublin, had issue Sandford Hardcastle, 
 of Wakefield, that married at Arniley, in the parish of Leeds, 
 27 Oct., 1725, Mrs. Henrietta Proctor, of Thorp-on-the-Hill. 
 
 Sandford Arthington, of Milford, married Frances, d. of 
 Marmaduke Hickes, of Leeds, Esq., had issue Cyrill Sand- 
 ford, William, (died young), Anne, 60, 2nd, Jan. 1696 : 
 Dorothy, married Thomas Sawer, of Leeds, Esq. 
 
 Cyril Arthington, of Arthington, Esq., s. and h. of Sandford, 
 married Anne, d. of Brown, of London, M.D., had issue 
 Cyrill, Frances, Jane, Dorothy, Anne died young. His widow 
 died at London, and was buried at Adel, 6 July, 1747. 
 
 Cyrill Arthington, of Arthington, Esq.. s. and h. of Cyrill, 
 was born 1 729, was in May, 1750, killed by the overturning of 
 his chaise at London, and was buried at Adel, 6 June, 1750. 
 Estate came to Thos. Hardcastle, who changed his name to 
 Arthington. 
 
 Thos Arthington, s. of Mr. Sandford Arthington, h. to 
 Cyrill, mar. at York Minster, 3 May, 1760, sister to Sir Cecill 
 Wray, Bart. 
 
 WEARDLEY. 
 
 This village, variously spelt as Winerthlay, "VViverthlay, 
 Wynerdlay, &c., is situated about two miles west of 
 Harewood. It is thus noticed in Domesday Book: 
 
 " In Wartle, Ligulf and Saxulf had five carucates of land to 
 be taxed. Gospatric now has it and it is waste. Value in 
 King Edward's time, twenty five shillings. Half a mile long 
 and half broad."
 
 WEARDLEY. 237 
 
 Gospatric was the only tenant of the whole of Weard- 
 ley and Weeton. To such a state of desolation had the 
 Conqueror's ravages brought the country, that but one 
 family inhabited the whole of these two townships. Like 
 most of the neighbouring villages, a family of some 
 importance resided here, taking their name from the 
 place. "Hamelin de Winerthlay gave five acres and a 
 half of land in this place to the Canons of Kirkstall, and 
 King Edward II. confirmed what the Canons held here." 
 
 According to the Compotus of Bolton Abbey, the lands 
 in Wyrdelay paid 9s. 2d. in the year 1325. 
 
 Sir Allan de Peryngton, Knt., gave a discharge to the 
 Prioress of Arthington of 4s. rent out of Wyverdlay. 
 
 John Clark, of Wyverdlay, gave to the Nuns of Arthing- 
 ton, one acre of land in this territory, lying in the Hagges, 
 with common pasture through the whole town. 
 
 By this extract the Clarks appear to have been a family 
 of some importance. They are also mentioned in the 
 annexed deed from the Dodsworth Mss. 
 
 D' pace Domini R' data. Rex Vic' Ebor salutem. 
 
 Scias quod ad instanciam Bath on' Epi' dedimus Roberto de 
 Harwud pace' n'ram 't remisimus ei indignaco'em qua' erga eu' 
 h'uimus eo quod fuit cu' Falk de Breant contra nos. Et i'o 
 ti' p'cipim' quod de t'ra q' fuit Roberti Crici de Wiverdelay i' 
 Harewud et que ip'm h'editar coritingit et q' i' manu domini 
 R ! (capta fuit) eo quod t're ipsius Falk i' manu' domini R' 
 capti fu'nt eid' Roberto plenam saisma h're faciat. 8 Hen. III., 
 Westminster, 4 Sep., 1224. 
 
 2 a
 
 338 WEARDLEY. 
 
 TRANSLATION. 
 
 Pardon granted by our Lord the King. 
 
 The King to the Vicar (Governor) of York greeting. Know 
 that at the instance of the Bishop of Bath and Wells, we have 
 granted our pardon to Robert de Harewud, and have remitted 
 unto him, the offence which we had against him, because he 
 joined Falk de Breant against us. And accordingly we charge 
 then in respect of the land which belonged to Robert Clerk, 
 of Weardley, in Harewood, and which came to him by inherit- 
 ance, and which was taken into the hands of our Lord the 
 King, because the lands of Talk himself were taken into the 
 hands of our Lord the King, granting full hereditary possession 
 thereof to the said Robert. 
 
 In the Har. Mss. the following notice occurs: 
 
 Fines. 41 Ed. III., A.D. 1368. Between William Gascoigne, 
 of Harewood, and Hugh Lowell, of Harewood, against Rafe, 
 son of Thomas de Beaner de Holme, in Spaldingmore, and 
 Maud, his wife, defer 4 *-; of the moiety of 6 mess., 5 tofts, 80 
 acres of land and 6 acres of meadow, 3 of wood, and 9s. rent, 
 in Werdlay, Harwod, the right of the said William Gascoigne 
 and his heirs forever. Har. Mss., 802, /oZ. 129. 
 
 The village at the present time presents no features 
 calling for remark, nor can it boast of any historical 
 memoranda worth recording. Burden Head in this 
 township is unquestionably a relic (so far as the name is 
 concerned) of the Roman Castrum Burgodunum, which 
 was on the hill north of Adel, near to the mill. It would 
 be irrelevant to dwell upon the remains there discovered 
 within the present century. In one of the fields in the 
 occupation of Mr. Lister, on the slope of the hill, are 
 strong evidences, of a Roman camp. Not many years
 
 WEARDLEY. 239 
 
 ago, a stone coffin was found, and querns, tiles, and coins 
 have been discovered at various times near this place. 
 
 The village was much more thickly populated formerly 
 than now. The following list of farmers residing in it 
 in 1650, is from the deed of sale previously alluded to : 
 John Booker, James Stables, John Waddington, James 
 Cooper, Richard Harrison, Samuel Midgley, Eobert 
 Harrison, John Smith, Michael King, Samuel Hall, 
 Richard Smythson, Thomas Browne, John Watson. A 
 considerable list of cottagers also is given. 
 
 The village contains 874 acres, and the population in 
 1851 amounted to 144. 
 
 This account would be incomplete without some notice 
 of John Nicholson, the Airedale Poet, who was born here 
 on the 29th November, 1790. His father, having married 
 the daughter of a farmer at Eldwick, near Bingley, 
 removed thither when his sou was only a few weeks old. 
 Having received as good an education as the circum- 
 stances of his father could afford, the spirit of poetry 
 developed itself very early. With a strong and active 
 mind, a great taste for reading, and an inordinate love of 
 poetry, it is not remarkable that he soon evinced a dis- 
 inclination to settling in business. His insatiable desire 
 for reading and books could not be restrained, and his 
 early life presents an example of perseverance and desire 
 for improvement and knowledge, seldom to be met with. 
 His fame as a poet, combined with a hearty, convivial, 
 generous disposition, led him into company and surrounded 
 him with admirers. This gradually produced unsettled
 
 240 WEARDLEy. 
 
 habits, and eventually intemperance laid her hand upon 
 him with a grasp from which he could not release himself. 
 His powers of impromptu versification were remarkable. 
 Several instances of this are given in his life, but the 
 following recorded to me by a friend who knew him 
 intimately, is not generally known. When the Yorkshire 
 Hussars assembled for the usual permanent duty at Eipon, 
 Nicholson accompanied them, and after dinner on the 
 review day, Serjeant Teale asked him for a toast. With- 
 out even a moment's reflection he rose and gave the 
 following : 
 
 The army, the navy, and true British tars, 
 King, constitution, and Yorkshire Hussars. 
 
 He unfortunately met with his death by falling into the 
 river Aire near Shipley, on the 13th April, 1843. He 
 left a wife and eight children.* 
 
 As an uneducated poet, Nicholson occupies a position 
 equal to most of his class. Some of his poems exhibit 
 great talent. 
 
 As a specimen the following is given. It is a portion 
 of a poem generally regarded as one of his best efforts, 
 although there are others which probably excel it in 
 sublimity and imagery. 
 
 Reflections on the return of the Swallow. 
 
 Swift wing'd and pleasing harbinger of spring ! 
 Thou from thy winter's voyage ail returned, 
 To skim above the lake, or dip thy wings 
 
 * A new edition of Nicholson's Life and Poems is now passing through 
 the press, under most distinguished patronage, for the benefit of his widow, 
 who still survives.
 
 WEETON. i4l 
 
 In the sequester 'd river's winding streams. 
 
 Instinct has brought thee to the rural cot, 
 
 From whence, with new-fledg'd wings thou took'st thy flight. 
 
 Oh ! could I give thee intellect and tongue 
 
 That thou to man might'st tell what mazes wild, 
 
 And what eccentric circles thou hast flown 
 
 Since thou did'st soar in autumn far away ! 
 
 Cities in rising splendour thou hast seen, 
 
 And those where solemn desolation dwells. 
 
 Hast thou not peaceful slept the night away, 
 
 Perch'd on the distant pyramid's high point; 
 
 Or on some massive column's hoary top, 
 
 Beheld great Etna's dark sulphureous smoke, 
 
 Then dipp'd Ihy wings upon the orient waves? 
 
 Like thee, could man with philosophic eye 
 
 Survey mankind, in every varying clime, 
 
 How would his mind expand! his spacious soul, 
 
 Released from bigotry and party zeal, 
 
 Would grasp the human race in every form, 
 
 Denominations, sects, and creeds would sink, 
 
 His mind o'erpowered with the thought that He 
 
 Who formed the universe, regards them all ! 
 
 WEETON. 
 
 The village of Weeton is thus described in Domesday 
 Book: 
 
 " In Widetun Gospatric had two carucates of land and a 
 half to be taxed. Land to two ploughs. There are now two 
 villanes and one bordar with one plough, and it pays seven 
 shillings." 
 
 It is variously spelled in old documents, Wyton, Wethe- 
 ton, Withetun, &c. Like most of the surrounding villages,
 
 242 WEETON. 
 
 a family lived here who, upon the introduction of sur- 
 names, derived theirs from this place. To a charter of 
 Kirkstall Abbey, of the latter end of the reign of Henry 
 II., about A.D. 1189, the following were witnesses: 
 William, the son of Robert de Sicklinghale ; William de 
 Withetun; Thomas de Insula; and Roger, the son of 
 Peter de Arthingtune. Isabel de Fortibus, Countess of 
 Albemarle and Devon, Lady de L'isle, confirmed to the 
 Monks of Bolton, two carucates of land in this place and 
 Halthwaite, a gift which was confirmed by King Edward 
 II., A.D. 1307. According to the Compotus of the Abbey, 
 these lands in Wython paid in 1324, the sum of 4 6s., 
 and the land at Westecoch, in Wython (Wescoe Hill) 
 paid 6s. 
 
 45 Edward III., A.D. 1372, the King committed to the 
 custody of Richard de Rymyngton, one messuage and 
 one carucate of land with the appurtenances in Wytheton 
 and Westcogh, in the county of York, which formerly 
 belonged to Laurence Franke, of Wytheton near Har- 
 wode. Thomas, son of Henry de Scriven, gave that land 
 to the nuns of Arthington called Paynescroft, in this 
 village, lying near the road to Rigton. 
 
 A Methodist chapel was erected here in the year 1796, 
 and the following is the entry from the register books at 
 York : 
 
 "We whose names are hereunto subscribed being Protestant 
 Dissenters do intend to use the chapel or bouse built for that 
 purpose in the town of Weigh ton, in the parish of Hare wood,
 
 WEETOX. 24 3 
 
 in the West Biding, and in the county and diocese of York, as 
 a place of public worship of Almighty God. 520 January, 1796. 
 
 CHARLES ATKINSON. 
 
 JOHN PICKARD. 
 
 WILTJAM TAYLOR. 
 
 JOHN ABBOTT. 
 
 JOHN PICKARD. 
 
 PETER HANDLE. 
 
 The church, dedicated to St. Barnabas, was erected 
 and endowed at the sole expense of the late Earl of 
 Harewood, the foundation stone being laid on the 3rd of 
 April, 1851, by the Rt. Rev. the Lord Bishop of Ripon ; 
 *md it was consecrated by the same prelate on the 12-th 
 of October, 1852. It is a beautiful specimen of the early 
 English style of architecture from designs by George 
 Gilbert Scott, Esq., of London. It is most elaborately 
 fitted up for Divine worship, the interior being adorned 
 by several stained glass windows, the pious gifts of vari- 
 ous individuals. An excellent parsonage was erected in 
 1853, contiguous to the church yard ; and in 1856 com- 
 modious schools and teacher's residence were added, the 
 noble donor thus finishing what was necessary for a com- 
 plete parochial establishment. The incumbent is the Rev. 
 James Palmes, B.A. 
 
 A Legacy of 200 was left to the poor of this township 
 in 1851, by Lester Brand, Esq., the interest to be distri- 
 buted upon the donor's birthday. 
 
 This township embraces the neighbouring hamlets of 
 Huby, Newby, andWescoe Hill, the acreage is 1250, and 
 the population in 1851 amounted to 300.
 
 244 DUNKESWICK. 
 
 DUNKESWICK. 
 
 This is an extensive township in the parish of Hare- 
 wood, occupying (as its name imports) a rising situation 
 on the left bank of the river Wharfe.. It is not mentioned 
 in Domesday Book, hut occurs in the list of West-Riding 
 towns and villages contained in the Lansdowne Mss., 
 vol 915, fol. 133. The village contains nothing of 
 importance, with the exception of a portion of land, which 
 has all the appearance of being the remains of a Roman 
 camp. The traces are nearly obliterated, but the opinion 
 of this having been a castra is certainly supported by 
 several relics having been found here, including a supposed 
 Roman altar. As the river separates this township from 
 Hare wood, they are connected by a fine bridge of several 
 arches, which has formerly been much narrower than it 
 now is. A stone is inserted in the wall with the following 
 inscription : 
 
 "This bridge was built by the County, 1729." 
 
 The Wharfe, one of the most beautiful streams in the 
 country, rises in the western moorlands, very near the 
 source of the Ribble. The main stream, rising about 
 three miles north of the Pennigant Mountain, flows east- 
 ward through Langsterdale and Buckden to Kettlewell, 
 where it receives an important tributary. After pursuing 
 the same direction to Grassington, it becomes very tor- 
 tuous, but inclines generally to the south east, by Barden 
 Tower and Bolton Abbey, where it forms the main feature 
 of several miles of scenery of surpassing beauty. A
 
 DUXKESWICK. 245 
 
 short distance below Barden Tower, the stream rushes 
 with great impetuosity through a narrow passage in the 
 rocks, and forms a remarkably picturesque object. From 
 Bolton Abbey, the Wharfe now T s south east to Ilkley, 
 whence it turns east by Otley and Harewood to Wetherby. 
 From Wetherby it inclines more to the south east, and 
 passing by Tadcaster, up to which place it is navigable, 
 joins the Ouse at Nun Appleton, a little above Cawood. 
 The Wharfe is a rapid river, rushing along with great 
 rapidity and rage, and is thus characterized by Spencer: 
 
 "Still Are, swift Wherfe, with Oze the most of might, 
 High Swale, unquiet Nidd, and troublous Skell." 
 
 The different species of fish in the Wharfe are salmon, 
 trout, grayling, barbel, chub, dace, gudgeon, perch, pike, 
 and the eel, which is incomparable. As a large portion 
 of the river is most strictly preserved, it affords first-rate 
 sport to the angler. 
 
 The township of Dunkeswick formed one of the boun- 
 daries of Knaresboro' Forest, its acreage is 1467 acres, 
 14 perches, and its population according to the census of 
 1851 amounted to 249. 
 
 A commission was issued in the year 1767 under the 
 seal of the Duchy of Lancaster, to perambulate and 
 ascertain the metes and boundaries of His Majesty's 
 Forest of Knaresbro', which is a part of the possessions 
 of the said Duchy of Lancaster. This commission for the 
 purpose of executing the powers and authorities given to 
 them, sat in the following towns; Knaresbro', Ripon, 
 Boroughbridge, Wetherby, Shipley, Harwood, Otley, 
 2 H
 
 246 DUNKESWICK. 
 
 Pateley-bridge, Leeds, Skipton, Grassington, Bradford, 
 Settle, and Bipley. The commissioners perambulated 
 the boundaries of the Forest, and the following extract 
 from their report defines the portion of this parish included 
 in it. "And from the said Bowhill-Yate to the middle 
 stream of the river Wharfe, dividing the lands on or to- 
 wards the west, in the township of Dun-Keswick, being 
 within the boundary of the said Forest, from the lands 
 on or towards the east, in the township of Keerby-cum- 
 Netherby; and from thence turning westward, and 
 ascending up the middle stream of Wharfe to Harwood- 
 Bridge, over which the said turnpike-road from Leeds to 
 Hipley leadeth; the lands in the township of the said 
 Dun-Keswick, adjoining upon the north side of the said 
 river; and from thence still ascending up the middle 
 stream of Wharfe, where the lands in the townships of 
 Dun-Keswick, Weeton, and Casly likewise adjoin on the 
 N. side of the said river, to the west side of Casly Ings." 
 
 Helthwait or Helthwaite Hill, in this township, was 
 formerly the residence of a family of note, although it 
 changed hands at various times. In 1631 Robert Maude. 
 Esq., lived here, he was one of the parties to the Inden- 
 ture of Anthony Sawdrie's charity. 
 
 Alice de Romelli, Baroness of Skipton, gave a mediety of 
 this place to Arthington Nunnery, which was confirmed by 
 Warin Fitz Gerald, the King's Chamberlain, and William de 
 Cui'ci, the King's Sewer. 
 
 Isabel de Fortibus, Countess of Albemarle and Devon, and 
 Lady L'isle, gave one messuage, and a toft, two carucates of 
 land in Halthavit and Wetheton, which King Edward III. 
 confirmed.
 
 DUNKESWICK. 247 
 
 There was a charge upon lands at Helthwaite Hill and 
 Huby, near Harewood, for the jointure settled upon Isa- 
 bella, daughter of Kalph, Lord Neville, second wife of 
 Sir Robert Ploinpton, of Plompton. 18th Sep.: 21 Henry 
 VII., 1505. 
 
 Swindon, also in this township, requires noticing. Its 
 name signifies the den or woody valley yielding both 
 covert and feeding for cattle. Warin, son of Geroldus, 
 Chamberlain to King John, gave to the nuns of Arthing- 
 ton liberty of feeding, "quadragint procos suos propries 
 quiete in bosco meo de Swindene." 
 
 Alice de Romelli gave the nuns leave, in the harvest 
 time, to have forty hogs in her wood at Swindon, with 
 common pasture for their cattle in the said wood ; upon 
 condition that she and her heirs should always place one 
 nun in the said house, which was confirmed by Warin 
 Fitz Gerald and William de Curci, her son, sewer to the 
 King. 
 
 Formerly a large hall stood here, the seat of the Beth- 
 els, ancestors of the Bethels, of Rise, near Hull. They 
 were strong parliamentarians, and during the Common- 
 wealth many of them figure conspicuously. Hugh Bethel, 
 Esq., M.P., Henry Bethel, Esq., and George Marwood, 
 Esq., are mentioned in the list of noblemen and gentlemen 
 named in the ordinances of Parliament, for raising money 
 and forces under Lord Fairfax, and who subscribed the 
 solemn league and covenant, and were otherwise employed 
 in support of the parliamentary cause During this period 
 the garrison at Knaresbro' was a terror to the surround-
 
 248 DUNKESWICK. 
 
 ing country. The governor of the castle was Col. Edward 
 Crofts, of East Appleton. Scarcely a day passed but 
 information was received by the Parliament of the depre- 
 dations and barbarities committed by foraging and ma- 
 rauding parties of the King's horse from Knaresbro' and 
 Skipton. Amongst many other sufferers from the 
 rapacity of this garrison, Mr. George Marwood is partic- 
 ularly mentioned, whose house, Swindon Hall, was totally 
 demolislied, and his personal property destroyed. This 
 Mr. Marwood had married a daughter of Sir Walter 
 Bethel. Another hall was erected, inferior however to 
 its predecessor, this also acquired some military reputa- 
 tion, for, during the Scotch rebellion, a troop of cavalry 
 was lodged in one of the rooms, which was always called 
 afterwards the captain's chamber. About 30 years ago 
 this was pulled down, and the present farm house erected. 
 The name and the gateway of the old hall still remain, 
 indicating the former importance of what must have 
 been, both as regards extent and position, a manorial 
 residence of considerable pretensions, certainly occupying 
 one of the most beautiful situations in Wharfedale. 
 
 At the western extremity of this township stood 
 Kougemont, (now corrupted into Ridgman Scar) once the 
 seat of the ancient and noble family of the D 'Lisles or 
 DTnsula. The castle or mansion stood on an elevated 
 position on the north bank of the river, which here, by a 
 fine and bold curve, forms a species of bay, and at the 
 same time forms an excellent defence for it on two sides. 
 The area which the building occupied is about eighty 
 yards by sixty, the whole of which is moated round. 
 Nothing is left by which even an approximation could be
 
 DUNKESWICK. 249 
 
 made of its size, plan, or appearance, the very stones are 
 gone, the mounds alone remaining to indicate its site. An 
 immense rampart encompasses the whole, forming three 
 sides of an oblong or rectangle, nearly a mile in length, 
 and in some places eighteen feet broad. The whole of 
 the earthworks are in an excellent state of preservation, 
 and well worth a visit from the antiquary. Much infor- 
 mation has already been given respecting the D'Lisles in 
 the History of the Lords of Harewood, it is unnecessary 
 therefore to repeat it here. History^ is well nigh silent 
 respecting this place, so much so, that were it not for the 
 indubitable testimony of the remains, one would even 
 doubt that a mansion ever existed here. It must have 
 disappeared at a very early date, probably soon after the 
 year 1400, as the D'Lisles are mentioned as of Eouge- 
 mont at the time of the rebuilding of the castle by Sir 
 William de Aldburgh, 1350. 
 
 The Mallories, a family of considerable importance in 
 olden times, formerly resided at Dunkeswick. So early as 
 the year 1562 Peter Mallorie, a younger son of Sir John 
 Mallorie, settled in this village, and his descendants still 
 reside in the neighbourhood. 
 
 Sir John Mallorie was descended from William Mal- 
 lorie who, by the marriage of Dowsabel, daughter and 
 heiress of Sir William Tempest, of Studley, came into 
 possession of the Studley estate, about the year 1420. 
 A long line of knights descended from this marriage, and 
 intermarried with the noblest families in Yorkshire, the 
 Constables, Thawyts, Slingsbys, Nortons, Yorkes, Dan- 
 bys, Ingilbys, Palmes, &c. During the period of the
 
 250 EAST KESWICK. 
 
 Commonwealth, they evinced their loyalty and devotion 
 to their Sovereign by considerable pecuniary gifts, and 
 Sir John Mallorie was appointed Governor of Skipton 
 Castle and Colonel of the Train Bands. The Hopkinson 
 Mss. says, "he paid ,2219 to Oliver's catchpoles." 
 
 In the parish registers is the following: "Matthew 
 Mallorie, Gent., a man greatly beloved of all men, who 
 dwelt at Dunkeswick, and left most holy and comfortable 
 precepts at his last end. Buried in Harewood Quire, 
 27th day of April, 1619." 
 
 The arms of this family were or: a lion rampant gules, 
 collared, argent. 
 
 EAST KESWICK. 
 
 This village is situated about three miles east of 
 Harewood and is one of the largest in the parish. It is 
 thus mentioned in Domesday Book: 
 
 "Manor. In Chesinc, Tor had five carucates to be taxed. 
 Land to three ploughs. Twenty shillings." 
 
 According to the Compotus of Bolton Abbey, the 
 Canons had a rent out of the mill here. 
 
 East Kesewyk. Henry, son of Jordan, of East Kesewic, gave 
 one toft and croft here, for the use of the infirmary at Foun- 
 tain's Abbey, with his own corpse. Har, Mss.
 
 EAST KESWICK. 
 
 Iii the returns of the Lords of Townships, &c., for the 
 purpose of effecting the military levies, ordained in the 
 Parliament at Lincoln, ix Ed. II., I find the following: 
 
 Est Kesewyk 
 
 'W ns de Ilkeley, 
 Brian de Thornhull, 
 P'sona Ecc' de Bedale, et 
 Petre de Martheley. 
 
 The Prior of Pontefract holds in Est Kesewyk, two 
 tofts and two bovates of land, the gift of Simon de Mon- 
 tealto, xl annis elaps. Dodsworth Mss. 
 
 East Keswick occurs in the list of West Biding villages 
 in the Lansdowne Mss. 
 
 Formerly a branch of the Gascoigne family resided 
 here, and the hill upon which the manorial residence was 
 situated is still to be seen, moated round, and presenting 
 an appearance of much strength in former times. It was 
 demolished about 200 years ago, and with the materials 
 a farm house was erected, which still stands. 
 
 There are two Dissenting Chapels here, belonging to 
 the Methodists. 
 
 The accompanying extracts from the Registry Books 
 of York Minster prove that Methodism was in existence 
 here, at a very early date. 
 
 "We whose names are hereunto subscribed being Protestant 
 Dissenters, do intend to make use of the house of Thomas 
 Wright, in tbe town of Kesswick, in the parish of Harewood, 
 in the West Riding of the county and diocese of York, for the 
 public worship of Almighty God.
 
 252 EAST KESWICK. 
 
 As witness our hands this 30th day of April, 1779. 
 
 THOMAS WRIGHT. 
 EDWARD CULLINGWORTH. 
 JOSEPH MIDGLEY. 
 JOHN MIDGLEY. 
 THOMAS BAYLEY. 
 JOHN WRIGHT. 
 JOHN WRIGHT, JUN " 
 
 "We whose names are hereunto subscribed, being Protestant 
 Dissenters, do intend to make use of the house of William 
 Midgley in the town of Keswick, in the parish of Harewood, 
 in the West Riding of the county and diocese of York, for the 
 public worship of Almighty God. 
 
 As witness our hands this QOth day of April, 1795. 
 
 WILLIAM MIDGLEY. 
 JONATHAN MIDGLEY. 
 JOHN SMITHSON. 
 HENRY BREWERTONS. 
 THOMAS SAMPSON. 
 THOMAS WRIGHT." 
 
 As a Quaker's burial ground exists here, it may be 
 inferred that this denomination was more numerous in 
 this locality, formerly, than at the present time. 
 
 In the month of March, 1857, a new church was opened, 
 the foundation stone having been laid in June of the 
 previous year. It is a beautiful Gothic building, without 
 any ornament, consisting of nave, chancel, and porch, 
 with a small plain belfrey. The total cost amounted to 
 nearly 1,500, the whole of which was raised through 
 the instrumentality of the Vicar of Harewood, the Rev. 
 Miles Atkinson, M.A.
 
 EAST KESWICK. 253 
 
 From want of endowment, it has not yet been con- 
 secrated, it is however licenced for the celebration of 
 Divine worship, which is regularly performed twice every 
 Sunday by the Vicar and Curate alternately. There is 
 a National School in the village, supported by the clergy, 
 the average attendance of scholars being about forty. 
 
 The extent of the township amounts to 1460 acres, 
 and the population in 1851 numbered 456.
 
 254 
 
 SIR WILLIAM GASCOIGNE. 
 
 SIR WILLIAM GASCOIGNE. 
 
 SirWm.Gascoigne was born 
 about the middle of the reign 
 of Edward III., A.D. 1350, at 
 Gawthorpe Hall, in the parish 
 of Harewood, where his family 
 had been seated for several 
 centuries. He was of Norman 
 extraction, and William was the 
 great patronymic of the family, 
 probably out of compliment to 
 the Conqueror, there being sixteen Williams lineally 
 succeeding each other, seven before and eight after the 
 Chief Justice. He was educated at the University of 
 Cambridge, and Gray's Inn, where his arms are to be 
 found in a window in their hall, among the other digni- 
 taries of their society. His success was very rapid, and 
 having rendered valuable assistance to John of Gaunt, 
 afterwards Henry IV., in managing the concerns of the 
 Duchy of Lancaster, he speedily rose into favour, and 
 was appointed Chief Justice of the Court of King's Bench, 
 A.D. 1401, and knighted shortly after the accession of this 
 monarch. Lord Campbell says, "never was the seat of 
 judgment filled by a more upright or independent magis- 
 trate." His refusal to try Archbishop Scrope and Thomas 
 Mowbray, son of the banished Duke of Norfolk who had 
 died in exile, are noble instances of this. "Much am I
 
 SIB WILLIAM GASCOIGNE. 255 
 
 beholden to your Highness, and all your lawful commands 
 I am bound by my allegiance to obey: but o.ver the life of 
 the prelate I have not, and your Highness cannot give me 
 any jurisdiction. For the other prisoner, he is a peer of 
 the realm, and has a right to be tried by his peers." 
 This was noble language, but unfortunately a less 
 scrupulous Judge was found who condemned both of them, 
 and they were accordingly beheaded.* 
 
 His committal of Henry V. to prison, while yet Prince 
 of Wales, for striking him while on the seat of justice, 
 is well known. When the King heard of it, he exclaimed, 
 "Happy is the King who hath a Judge so resolute in 
 administering the law, still happier in having a son who 
 submits to it." 
 
 This event has been immortalized by Shakspere. Hen. 
 IV, part ii, act v, scene ii. 
 
 Kiny. You all look strangely on me; and you most: 
 
 [To the CHIEF JUSTICE 
 You are, I think, assur'd 1 love you not. 
 
 Ch. Just. I am assured, if I be measured rightly, 
 Your majesty hath no just cause to hate me. 
 
 * As a specimen of his decisions, the following is interesting : 
 A dispute between William, Lord Roos, and Robert Tirwhit, one of the 
 Justices of the Court of King's Bench, relative to a pasture right and 
 turbary at Melton Roos, in Lincolnshire, was referred to the Archbishop of 
 Canterbury, and Richard, Lord Grey, the King's Chamberlain, who deputed 
 Lord Chief Justce Gascoigne to settle the question between the parties. 
 Tirwhit acknowledged the trespass, and it was awarded that he should in 
 recompesam, furnish two tuns of wine of Gascony, two fat oxen, and nine 
 sheep, for a dinner to those who were present at Melton at the enquiry.
 
 256 SIR WILLIAM GASCOIGNE. 
 
 King. No! 
 
 How might a Prince of my great hopes forget, 
 So great indignities you laid upon me? 
 What! rate, rebuke, and roughly send to prison, 
 The immediate heir of England! Was this easy? 
 May this be washed in Lethe, and forgotten ? 
 
 Ch. Just. I then did use the person of your father; 
 The image of his power then lay in me ; 
 And in the administration of his law. 
 Whiles I was busy for the commonwealth, 
 Your highness pleased to forget my place, 
 The majesty and power of law and justice, 
 The image of the king, whom I presented, 
 And struck me in my very seat of judgment : 
 Whereon, as an offender to your father, 
 I gave bold way to my authority, 
 And did commit you. If the deed were ill 
 Be you contented, wearing now the garland, 
 To have a son set your decrees at nought; 
 To pluck down justice from your awful bench, 
 To trip the course of law, and blunt the sword 
 That guards the peace and safety of your person : 
 Nay, more; to spurn at your most royal image, 
 And mock your workings in a second body. 
 Question your royal thoughts, make the case yours ; 
 Be now the father, and propose a son : 
 Hear your own dignity so much profaned, 
 See your most dreadful laws so loosely slighted, 
 Behold yourself so by a son disdained; 
 And then imagine me taking your part, 
 And, in your power, soft silencing your son. 
 After this cold considerance, sentence me; 
 And, as you are a king, speak in your state, 
 What I have done that misbecame my place, 
 My person, or my liege's sovereignty. 
 
 King. You are right, justice, and you weigh this well 
 Therefore still bear the balance and the sword : 
 And I do wish your honours may increase,
 
 SIR WILLIAM GASCOIGNE. 257 
 
 Till you do live to see a son of mine 
 Offend you and obey you, as I did. 
 So shall I live to speak my father's words: 
 "Happy am I, that have a man so bold 
 That dares do justice on my proper son: 
 And not less happy, having such a son 
 That would deliver up his greatness so 
 Into the hands of justice." You did commit me: 
 For which I do commit into your hand 
 The unstained sword that you have used to bear: 
 With this remembrance, that you use the same 
 With the like bold, just, and impartial spirit, 
 As you have done 'gainst me. 
 
 Upon the death of Henry IV. and the accession of his 
 son, the Chief Justice was even more respected than before. 
 In 14 13 he retired, carrying with him the respect, both of his 
 profession and the public, and the love and veneration of 
 his sovereign. He had an annuity of 2Q per annum 
 given to him, and a royal warrant was issued, dated 14th. 
 Nov., 1414, "granting to our dear and well beloved Wil- 
 liam Gascoigue an allowance during the term of his 
 natural life of 4 bucks and 4 does, every year out of our 
 forest of Pontefract." His patrimonial estate at Gawthorpe 
 had been much increased by his prudence, and his wealth 
 was so great, that he was enabled to lend large sums of 
 money to the King. 
 
 He was twice married, 1st to Elizabeth, daughter and 
 sole heiress of Sir Alexander Mowbray, of Kirklington, 
 in the county of York; Sndty to Joan, daughter of Sir 
 William Pickering, and relict of Sir Ralph Greystock, 
 one of the Barons of the Exchequer. Glover calls her 
 daughter of Lisle, but this is incorrect. By both of
 
 SIR WILLIAM GASCOIGNE. 
 
 these he had a numerous issue, which are particularized 
 in the Gascoigne pedigree. The date of his death on the 
 brass filletting which surrounded the tomb, is generally 
 stated to be 1412. This monumental inscription no 
 longer remains, having been destroyed during the civil 
 wars. Dr. Whitaker states the date to be 1412, and in a 
 copy of Glover's Visitation, 1584 and 5, preserved in the 
 British Museum, the following is given as the inscription. 
 
 " Hie jacet Willm's Gascoigne, nuper Capitalis Justiciarius 
 de Banco Henrici nup' Regis Anglise quarti et Elizabeth uxor 
 ejus qui quidem Willm's obiit die Dom'ca 17 die Decembris 
 A.D. 14'i2." Har. Mss., 1394,/oZ. 329. 
 
 This date however is erroneous, which I will endea- 
 vour to shew. The last summons to him to attend Par- 
 liament is dated Westminster, 22nd March, 1 Hen. V., A.D. 
 1413, to meet the Parliament, 15th May ensuing, so that 
 he was certainly living at this time. He is also known to 
 have survived the death of Henry IV. The memorable 
 interview between him and Henry V., soon after the acces- 
 sion of the latter, rests not upon the poetical authority of 
 Shakspeare, but upon grave history. Stow tells us, that 
 he continued to fill the office of Chief Justice for the 
 three first years of the King, whom, when Prince of 
 Wales, he had committed to ward, and his accession took 
 place in 1413. 
 
 The year of his death is 1419, and there is perhaps no 
 difficulty in reconciling the above misdate with the truth. 
 The inscription was in the black letter. But how easily 
 might the letter I, when it had, through time, lost its 
 characteristics, be taken for an t, and then we have the

 
 SIR WILLIAM GASCOIGNE. 250 
 
 date, 1412, at once accounted for. But what perhaps 
 settles the question, is the fact, that his will was made in 
 1419, and stands in the Registers among those proved 
 in 1419. 
 
 This document is so valuable a relic, and contains 
 such valuable information respecting his family and pro- 
 perty, that its omission in a work of this kind would be 
 unpardonable. 
 
 TESTAMENTUM WILLIELMI GASCOIGNE NUPER 
 JUSTICIAEII ANGLLE. 
 
 In Dei nomine, Amen. Die veneris proxime post festum 
 Sanctse Lucise Virginis, Anno Domini Millesimo cccc decimo 
 nono.* coram Nicholao Gascoigne, 1 Ricardo Gascoigne, 1 Alfrido 
 cle Mansion, 2 et Johanne de Burton vicario de Harxvod, et aliis, 
 ibidem existentibus et bsec audientibus, Ego Willielmus Gas 
 coigne, sanas mente sed seger corpore, in hunc modum condo 
 meum testamentum. In primis lego et commendo animam 
 meam Deo, qui me creavit et precioso sanguine suo redemit, 
 
 * A marginal note in the register, made by Richnrd Gascoigne, in 16'14, 
 eavs, the words decimo nono in the date of the will, should be duo decimo, 
 "it is soe upon his tombe, besides records prove Hawkeford to be Justice in 
 1412." Records, however, do not prove this. Hawkeford was not appointed 
 Chief Justice till the 29th Jan., 1415 ; but even if this had been the case, 
 it would by no means have followed that Chief Justice Gascoigne had died 
 in the year in which his successor was appointed. He might have resigned 
 and retired to his family estate. The will, however, is indisputable. The 
 above Richard Gascoigne describes himself, " gen. de familia Gascoignorum 
 de Lazingecrofte in parochia de Barwicke in Elmete." 
 
 1 . These were younger brothers of the Chief Justice. 
 
 2. This person was probably a near relation of the testator. His arms, 
 sab. a bend, raguled, arg., were in the church formerly, and also upon the 
 Judge's tomb, quartered with Neville, proving him to have married into this 
 family. *
 
 260 SIR WILLIAM GASCOIGNE. 
 
 et corpus meum ad sepeliendum in capella austral! Ecclesise 
 parochialis Omnium Sanctorum de Harwod. Item do et lego 
 optimum animal meum pro mortuario meo. Item do et lego 
 Johannse uxori meae quingentas marcas, duos pelves argenteos 
 cum rocis in medio deauratis, et duos aquarios cum ij idriis 
 argenteis, tria salsaria argentea, triginta sex discos argenteos, 
 et viginti sex ciphos coopertos, de quibus xvj deaurati et x 
 argentei, de quibus unus ciphus erit de berell, et alius ciphus 
 magnus et argenteus cum coopertorio pownsyd cum foliis, et 
 aliis ciphus vocatus a gryp ey, ligatus cum argento et deaurato, 
 et unum aquarium argeiiteum et deauratum, in plenam satis- 
 factionem omnium bonorum et catallorum, tarn vivorum quam 
 mortuorum, quae unquam fuerunt mei praefati Willielmi infra 
 regnum Angliae. Item do et lego tribus filiabus junioribus 
 Domini Willielmi filii mei et heredis, videlicet cuilibet earum 
 c 1 . Item do et lego c marcas in auxilium maritagii Johannee 
 filise Johannis Ask, ita ut predictse c marcae sint et maneant 
 in manibus executorum meorum quosque predicta Johanna 
 maritetur. Item do et lego filia? juniori Nicholai, fratris mei, 
 ad auxilium maritagii xl 1 . Item do et lego Alfrido Manston 
 xl 1 . Item do et lego ecclesise de Harwod, ad emendum prin- 
 cipale vestimentum cum capis et tunicis xx 1 et ad alia magis 
 necessaria ejusclem ecclesiae, ad discrecionem executorum 
 meorum xx 1 . Item do et lego Johanni de Harwod xx marcas. 
 Item do et lego Henrico del chawmbyr x marcas. Item do et 
 lego Johanni chawmbyr x marcas. 
 
 Item do et lego Willielmo Ottyr x marcas. Hem do et lego 
 c marcas tenentibus meis magis indigentibus, ad distribuen- 
 dum inter illos in Comitatu Ebor, per discrecionem executorum 
 meorum. Item do et lego cuilibet domui Fratrum Ebor, xx 8 - 
 Item do et lego Cremettis domus Sancti Leonardi xx s ' Item 
 do et lego Nicholao fratri meo ij cyphcs coopertos, unum 
 deauratum et alium non deauratum. Item do et lego Ricardo 
 fratri meo duos ciphos argenteos et coopertos, unum deau- 
 ratum et alium non deauratum. Item do et lego Alfrido 
 de Manston j ciphum argenteum et deauratum. Item do 
 et lego Willielmo Skot j ciphum argenteum coopertum 
 non deauratum. Item do et lego Johanni - de Burton,
 
 SIR WILLIAM GASCOIGNE. 261 
 
 vicario de Harwod, j ciphum argenteum coopertum et 
 deauratum. Item do et lego Priori et Domui de Bolton, pro 
 decimis et oblacionibus oblitis, si quse fuerint, x marcas. Item 
 do et lego Priorissae et Conventui de Arthyngton c 8 - Item do 
 et lego xx 1 - ad distribuendum inter servientes meos per 
 discretionem executorum meorum. Item do et lego xx 1 - ad 
 celebrandum omni festinacione, qua poterit fieri, cuilibet 
 presbitero celebranti pro me iiij. Item do et lego tribus pres- 
 biteris, post decessum meum tribus annis celebraturis, pro- 
 anima mea et animabus Elizabeth uxoris meae et parentum 
 meorum, Domini Johannis fratris mei, et pro animabus quibus 
 maxime sum obligatus exorare, et animabus omnium fidelium 
 defunctorum, liiij marcas. Item do et lego cuilibet presbitero 
 celebranti in ecclesia de Harwod xx d - Item do et lego Vicario 
 xl s - Item volo quod omnia vasa enea in coquina, vedelicet 
 ollse, patellae, cacabse, frixoria, omniaque alia vasa et instru- 
 menta utensilia ad coquinam pertinencia, et omnia vasa plum- 
 bea in formis stancia, quod non removeantur nisi pro emen- 
 dacione tantum, et emendata in forma pristina restituantur 
 sine remocione imperpetuum. 
 
 Item volo quod residuum omnium vasorum meorum argen- 
 teorum, non legatorum, simul cum duobus ciphis coopertis, 
 uno de puro auro, et alio cipho vocato Unicorn, ac eciam 
 omnia catalla, tarn viva quam mortua, scilicet equi, boves, 
 vaccse, vituli, stirkettas, oves, porci, et omnia volatilia, plaus- 
 tra, aratra, herpicse, et omnia utensilia ruralia ad manerium, 
 de Gowkthorp, spectantia, remaneant Domino Willielmo filio 
 meo, si contingat ipsum in Angliam revenire. Et si contingat 
 ipsum ultra mare obire quod absit, quod tune omnia vasa 
 argentea, et omnia predicta catalla ad predictum manerium 
 de Gawkthorp spectantia, remaneant heredibus masculis 
 Domini Willielmi predicti. Item volo quod Johanna uxor 
 mea habeat manerium de Wheldale cum omnibus terris et 
 pertinenciis, et omnia terras et tenementa quse habui in New- 
 ton Valas, Ferburn, Button, Went bryg, Allerton, Beth water, 
 Hoghton, Thorpaldlay, et Castyllforth, et omnia catalla, quaa 
 pertinent ad predictum manerium de Wheldale, videlicet oves, 
 boves, vaccse, stirkettse, fenum, omnia bladain grangiis ibidem
 
 262 SIR WILLIAM GASCOIGNE. 
 
 existencia, vel in campis virencia et crescentia, cum omnibus 
 catallis, tarn vivis quam mortuis, plaustris, aratris, et omnibus 
 utensilibus ruralibus, vel aliis, infra dictum manerium spec- 
 tantibus vel existentibus, in plenam allocacionem tocius dotis 
 quae prefatae Johannae contigere poterit in omnibus maneriis, 
 terris, seu tenementis, quie fuerunt mei prsefati Willielmi infra 
 regnum Angliae. Et ad ilium ordinacionem meam fiendam, 
 Dominum Willielmum filium meum, Nicholaum Gascoigne 
 fratrem meum, et Alfridum Mansion meos facio, ordino, 
 executores, et constituo, illos rogando, caritatis intuitu, quat- 
 enus Deum habentes prae oculis in administracione sua, 
 studeant totaliter se habere, ut non solum animae meae sed 
 in suis animabus salutem valeant impetrare. Residuum vero 
 omnium bonorum et catallorum meorum, tarn vivorum quam 
 mortuorum, lego prefatis executoribus meis, ut ipsi inde pro 
 anima mea, meliori modo quo sciant, ordinent et disponant, 
 et sicut coram summo Judice in die Judicii volunt respondere. 
 In cujus rei testimonium, die et anno predictis, huic presenti 
 testamento meo sigillum meum apposui. 
 
 Prob. apud Cawod xxiij Dec. anno supradicto. 
 
 Adm. datur Nicholao Gascoigne et Alfrido de Manston.
 
 THE EARL OF STRAFFORD. 
 
 263 
 
 THE EARL OF STEAFFORD. 
 
 Gawthorpe Hall is not only 
 celebrated for being the birth- 
 place of the great Chief Justice, 
 but also as the residence of the 
 unfortunate Earl of Strafford. 
 A few particulars respecting 
 this nobleman and his connex- 
 ion with this locality will be 
 interesting. 
 
 Thomas Wentworth, Earl of 
 Strafford, was born in London, 
 on the 13th April, 1593, being 
 the eldest son of Sir William 
 Wentworth, of Wentworth Woodhouse, whose father 
 Thomas W r entworth, Esq., married Margaret, daughter 
 and heiress of Sir William Gascoigne, of Gawthorpe. 
 
 He received his education at St. John's College, Cam- 
 bridge, and in 1611 married the Lady Margaret Clifford 
 eldest daughter of Francis, Earl of Cumberland. From 
 his youth he was of studious and regular habits, and he 
 appears to have taken the greatest pains to improve his 
 powers of oratory, probably with a view to filling that 
 exalted station, in the political world, which he subse- 
 quently attained. In the same year in which he was 
 married, he received the honour of knighthood, and in 
 1613 he was returned to Parliament for the county of 
 York. In 1615 he was appointed to the office of custos
 
 264 THE EARL OF STRAFFORD. 
 
 rotulorum for the West Biding of the county of York, in 
 the room of Sir John Saville, and in 1621 he was again 
 returned to Parliament for the count}' of York, along with 
 Sir George Calvert. Having lost his wife about this 
 period, he married a few years afterwards the Lady Ara- 
 bella Hollis, a younger daughter of the Earl of Clare, a 
 lady, says Radcliffe " exceedingly comely and beautiful, 
 and yet much more lovely in the endowments of her 
 mind." 
 
 The following letter, written from Gawthorpe Hall, 
 about this period, is exceedingly interesting. 
 
 To my very kinde and much respected 
 Cosin Mrs. Ann Radcliffe, wife of 
 
 Sir Geo. Radcliffe, confined in Marshalsea Prison. 
 
 May 1, 1627. 
 Good Cosine 
 
 I chaunced to open this letter by a mistake 
 occasioned thorow that which was writ, as you may see on the 
 outside; and finding it contained noe matter of hast I have 
 kept it by me all this while, till with my owne pen I might 
 excuse itt. Since you have heard of your husband's commit- 
 ment; upon which occasion, if I were not confident of your 
 discretion to discerne between time and seeming dangers, I 
 might spend some time in going about to comfort you ; but I 
 will not wrong you so much as once to mention him att this 
 time, more than in this sort, that I shall only join with you to 
 pray to God to send him his health, and well at Overtborpe 
 again, which I trust will be in a few months at the farthest. 
 In the mean time is sum occasion to exercise your patience. I 
 confesse that I beseech God you may never have greater cause, 
 and then I shall not pitty you much. Gods blessing and 
 mine to your boy. I rest your ever most affectionate and 
 assured cosin and frieude 
 
 TH: WENTWORTH. 
 Gawtborp, 1 May, 1627.
 
 THE EAEL OF STRAFFORD. 265 
 
 Hitherto Strafford had not taken any very prominent 
 part in the proceedings of Parliament, but having been 
 committed a prisoner to the Marslialsea, by the Lords of 
 the Council, for refusing the royal loan, where he was 
 detained for some months, he determined, upon his release, 
 to make the court party more aware of the extent of his 
 talents, than they yet appeared to be. And he succeeded. 
 In 1628 he was created Baron Wentworth, and shortly 
 afterwards Viscount Wentworth, Lord President of the 
 North, and a Privy Councillor. In 1631 he was made 
 Lord Deputy of Ireland, and although many faults have 
 been found with his government, in one respect he was a 
 great benefactor to the sister isle. At his own risk and 
 expense, he imported and sowed a large quantity of 
 superior flax seed, and procured clever workmen from 
 abroad to carry on the weaving of linen. Such was the 
 origin of the linen manufacture in Ireland. 
 
 An infirm state of health joined to a peculiar irritability 
 and impatience of temper, involved him in many personal 
 quarrels, and arrayed against him a number of powerful 
 enemies. In 1639 he was raised by the King to the dig- 
 nity of an Earl, and invested with the title of Lieutenant- 
 general of Ireland. In 1640 he was appointed to the 
 command of the army against the Scots, shortly after 
 which, the heavy cloud of trouble began to thicken over 
 him, which eventually burst upon him with such fearful 
 vengeance. He was delighted to retire from the bustle 
 and turmoil of public life, to his secluded manor at Gaw- 
 thorpe. Many of his letters are dated from this place, 
 and for many years it formed his favourite retreat. The 
 following extract from one of his letters to Sir George
 
 266 THE EARL OF STR AFFORD. 
 
 Calvert will shew what delight this great man experienc- 
 ed in the pleasures and pursuits of the country, before 
 the charms of ambition and parliamentary distinction had 
 allured him from the better occupations and sincerer 
 pleasures of a rural life. Had he never abandoned his 
 fish ponds and gardens, he would have escaped the 
 unmerited punishment which so soon overtook him. 
 
 "Our harvest is all in; a most fine season to make fishponds; 
 our plums all gone and past; peaches, quinces, and grapes, 
 almost fully ripe, which will, I trow, hold better relish with a 
 Thistleworth palate. These only we country men muse of 
 hoping in such harmless retirements for a just defence from 
 the higher powers, and, possessing ourselves in contentment, 
 pray with Dryope in the poet. 
 
 "Et si qua est Pietas, ab acutae vulnere falcis 
 Et pecoris morsu frondes defendite nostras"* 
 
 Gawthorp, August 3 1st, 
 
 He was beheaded on the 12th May, 1641, a martyr to 
 the Church and King whom he loved, and a sacrifice to 
 the slanderous calumniations of a set of blood thirsty 
 regicides. On the morning of execution, Sir William 
 Balfour, governor of the tower, requested that he would 
 consent to be conveyed in a coach to the scaffold for fear 
 the people should rush upon him and tear him to pieces ; 
 but the dignified reply was " no Master Lieutenant I dare 
 look death in the face, and I hope the people too. Have 
 you a care that I do not escape, and I care not how I 
 die, whether by the hand of the executioner, or the mad- 
 ness and fury of the people. If that give them better 
 content, it is all one to me." So he proceeded to the place 
 
 * And if there is any piety, defend our foliage from the wound of the 
 sharp pruning hooks and from the biting of the cattle.
 
 THE EARL OF STRAFFORD. 267 
 
 of execution on foot, and, so firm was his step, so erect 
 his posture, so undismayed his look, that it was said by 
 some of the spectators, that he moved on, more like a 
 general with his army to a triumph, than like a culprit 
 to his death. Yet there was no unbefitting expression on 
 his features; the brow, naturally severe, w r e are told by 
 an eye witness, was now mild; and tho' there was a "de- 
 jection becoming contrition for sin," yet the expression 
 of unaffected, undaunted courage was still predominant. 
 The following beautiful prayer was offered up on the 
 scaffold by Dr. Carr who attended him. It is taken from 
 the Harleian Mss., vol. 4630, fol. 680. 
 
 Most Glorious Lord God in Jesus Christ most mercifull 
 and loving Father, we thy poor unworthy servants do here in 
 all humility present ourselves before thee to offer up this our 
 last sacrifice of prayer and application. We commend unto 
 Thee this church and state wherein we live, our gracious 
 King, Queen, and Royal Progenie, the Lords of the Privy 
 Council, the High Court of Parliament now assembled the 
 great council of this kingdom, beseeching thee to direct all 
 their consultations to thy glory, the tranquillity of Church and 
 Kingdom. 
 
 Next Lord we commend unto Thee that family, that house, 
 that family which is now ready to be left desolate, that wife which 
 by and by sball want a husband, those children which by and by 
 shall want a father, those servants which by and by shall want 
 a master; O blessed Lord be thou a husband to that widow, 
 a father to those orphans, be tliou a master to those servants. 
 
 Lastly we commend unto Thee that soul, that spirit, which 
 thou hast breathed into that earthen vessell, into this mortal 
 body, thou art now calling for it by the hand of Justice, the 
 axe is ready to be laid to the root of the tree to hew it 
 down, we meeklie give it up and resign it into thy hands, as 
 into the hands of a faithful Creator, once the soul was washed
 
 268 THE EARL OF STRAFFORD. 
 
 in the water of baptism, in the laver of regeneration, and then 
 it came clean from the washing, but it hath been soyld too 
 often since that time in the muddy passages of this sinful life, 
 we have done what we could to cleanse it, our heads have 
 been fountains, our eyes seldom day, many a night have we 
 watered our bed our couch with our tears: Lord thou art 
 now our last refuge, we beseech thee take this soul and wash 
 it over again in the precious blood of that immaculate Lamb 
 Christ Jesus: soe that it may be without spott presented unto 
 thee. 
 
 Thou hast commanded us to ask, and promised to give; 
 Lord we are now asking, we pray thee give unto us; Thou 
 hast commanded us to seek, and promised we shall find, Lord 
 we are now seeking, Lord we pray thee let us find, Thou hast 
 commanded us to knock and promised to open, Lord we are 
 now knocking at the gate of heaven, we pray thee open the 
 door of mercy to us. The prodigall son is now returning 
 homewards being weary of the husks of this world, blessed 
 Father look upon him afar off, come forth to meet him, fall 
 upon his neck and kiss him, put upon him the best robe the 
 righteousness of Christ and the wedding ring, Lord open 
 heaven to him in this great tryall, Lord receive him to thyself 
 and let him for ever rest with thee in heavenly glory, and that 
 for the mercy of him in whom alone thou art well pleased 
 even Jesus Christ the righteous, in whose name we further 
 call and cry unto thee saying as he himself hath taught us hi 
 his holy Gospel 
 
 Our Father which art in heaven, &c. 
 
 "When the King himself was brought to the scaffold a 
 few years after, he publicly attributed his own fate, to be 
 a just retribution for his compulsory assent to the death 
 of Stratford. He said "Yet for all this, God forbid that 
 I should be so ill a Christian as not to say, that God's 
 judgements are just upon me. I only say this, that an 
 unjust sentence that I suffered to take effect, is punished 
 now by an unjust sentence upon me."
 
 THE EARL OF STRAFFORD. 269 
 
 It would be irrelevant in this short sketch of the life 
 of Strafford to enter into any critical examination of the 
 various acts of his busy life, or of his system of political 
 economy, this has already been done, as an old quaint 
 writer saith, " above a thousand of the most notable 
 authors in Europe, have employed their pens in delineat- 
 ing his amiable genius." Like his fellow martyr, the 
 good Archbishop Laud, he fell a sacrifice to the Church 
 and King, a victim to make an atonement for a sinful, 
 turbulent, and distracted nation. 
 
 The following letter to Archbishop Laud is exceedingly 
 interesting, written from Gawthorpe Hall. 
 
 May it please your Grace. 
 
 I am gotten hither to a poor house 
 
 I have, having been this last week almost feasted to death at 
 York. In truth for anything I can find, they were not ill 
 pleased to see me. Sure I am, it much contented me, to be 
 amongst my old acquaintance, which I would not leave for 
 any other affection I have, but to that which I both profess 
 and owe to the person of his sacred Majesty. 
 
 Lord ! with what quietness in myself could I live here, in 
 comparison of that noise and labour I meet with elsewhere ; 
 and I protest put up more crowns in my purse at the year's 
 end too. But well let that pass. For I am not like to enjoy 
 that blessed condition upon earth. And therefore my resolution 
 is set to endure and struggle with it, so long as this crazy body 
 will bear it, and finally drop into the silent grave, where both 
 all these (which I now could, as I think, innocently delight 
 myself in) and myself are to be forgotten ; and fare them well. 
 I persuade myself exuto lepido I am able to let them down 
 very quietly, and yet leave behind me, as a truth not to be 
 forgotten, a perfect and full remembrance of my being your 
 Grace's most humbly to be commanded 
 
 WENTWORTH. 
 
 Gawthorp, this 17th of August, 1636.
 
 270 
 
 SIB JOHN CUTLER. 
 
 SIR JOHN CUTLER. 
 
 On the disposal of the Earl 
 of Strafford's property Sir 
 John Cutler became the pur- 
 chaser of the Harewood estates. 
 
 Sir John Cutler's name 
 derives no lustre from his an- 
 cestors, as he came from a 
 family whose descent and arms 
 are not to be traced at the 
 Herald's College. His father 
 
 was a member of the Grocers' Companj^, and was engaged 
 in commercial pursuits, but whether Sir John was his 
 eldest son, or whether he inherited any fortune from him, 
 I have been unable to discover. Sir John was established 
 in London as a merchant, and in that capacity obtained 
 great celebrity, as well as wealth, and his opinions it ap- 
 pears were respected and esteemed, for Pepys, a man of 
 acute observation and insight into the characters of 
 individuals, makes the following mention of him. "23 Jan., 
 1662. Mr. Grant and I to a coffee-house where Sir John 
 Cutler was ; and he did fully make out, that the trade of 
 England is as great as ever it was, only in more hands, 
 and that of all trades there is a greater number than ever 
 there was, by reason of men's taking more prentices. 
 His discourse was well worth hearing."
 
 SIR JOHN CUTLER. 271 
 
 His attachment to his legitimate sovereign, and to the 
 ancient institutions of the country, induced him to take an 
 active part in the measures adopted in London for hringing 
 about the Restoration, by promoting subscriptions raised 
 for the use of Charles II. His important services on the 
 occasion were duly appreciated by the King, who shewed 
 his sense of them by creating him a Baronet, in Novem- 
 ber, 1660. At a later period he obtained a grant of arms 
 from the Herald's College, attached to which is the 
 following pedigree of his family, extracted from Le Neve's 
 Ms. Pedigrees of Baronets, vol. 3, in the College of Arms, 
 and which is considered an official document. 
 
 CUTLER 
 
 Sir John Cutler, of London, Knt. and Bart., had a grant of 
 arms 27 March, 1693, in the fifth year of our Sovereign Lord 
 and Lady William and Mary, by Thomas St. George, Claren- 
 cieux King-at-Arms. 
 
 Elizabeth daughter and = Sir John Cutler, Citizen = First Wife Eliza, 
 
 co .heir of Sir Thomas 
 Foot, of London, Knt. 
 and Bart. 
 
 and Grocer of London, 
 created Baronet 12 
 September, 1660. He 
 died 15 April, 1693, 
 
 daughter of Sir 
 Thomas Tipping, 
 of Wheatfield. 
 Com; Oxon: Knt. 
 
 being 85 years old, and 
 was buried in St. Mar- 
 garet's Church, West- 
 minster. 
 
 Elizabeth married to Sir Elizabeth only daughter 
 
 William Portman, of and heir, married to 
 
 Orchard, Somerset, Charles Bodville Ro- 
 
 Bart. She died with- bartes, Earl of Radnor, 
 
 out issue, before the She died without issue 
 
 death of her Father. in 1696. 
 
 After Sir John's purchase of this property he resided 
 at Gawthorpe Hall, and tradition says, lived a life of 
 miserly penuriousness and seclusion, having no female
 
 272 SIR JOHN CUTLER. 
 
 attendants about the house, his sole servant being a man 
 of similar habits to his own. 
 
 Pope has satirized him in his "Moral Essays," and 
 Maude also in his "Verbeia,'' with what truth the sequel 
 will shew. 
 
 Thy life more wretched Cutler was confessed 
 Arise and tell me was thy death more blessed? 
 Cutler saw tenants break and houses fall 
 For very want, he could not build a wall. 
 His only daughter in a stranger's power 
 For very want, he could not pay a dower. 
 A few grey hairs his reverend temples crowned, 
 T'was very want that sold them for two pound. 
 What e'en denied a cordial at his end, 
 Banished the doctor and expelled the friend? 
 What but a want which you perhaps think mad 
 Yet numbers feel the want of what he had. 
 Cutler and Brutus, dying, both exclaim 
 Virtue and wealth, what are ye but a name! 
 
 Mor. Essays. Ep. III. 
 
 Lo! distant Gawthorpe's renovated face, 
 Gawthorpe, the brilliant object of our chase, 
 Thither, by whim, or thrift, was Cutler led 
 To scanty viands, and his thrice laid bed, 
 Where spider 'd walls, their meagre fate bemoaned 
 And misery the child of Avarice groaned. 
 Not so the present day, where copious smile, 
 All that the heart can wish, or time beguile. 
 Thron'd with the horn of plenty by her side, 
 Unceasing sits in dignifying pride 
 The festive nymph, with all her buxom train 
 Delicious guardians of the pleasing plain. 
 
 Maude's Verbeia.
 
 SIR JOHN CUTLER. 273 
 
 Pope's satire is evidently bitter, and, if founded on fact, 
 would stamp Sir John Cutler, as one of the basest and most 
 loathsome characters that ever lived; and it is to be 
 lamented that Pennant, whose good nature might have 
 taught him better, should give additional currency, by 
 dwelling on it twice in his Account of London, and with- 
 out taking any trouble to enquire into the truth, of Sir J. 
 as "notorious," and as as a character so stigmatized for 
 avarice. I shall now endeavour to clear him from the 
 unjust charges brought against him, by shewing that the 
 whole of them are false. It is no light task to undertake, 
 to refute the charges of great poets and antiquaries, but 
 the facts are so palpable and authentic, that all candid 
 readers will come to the same conclusion, viz, that for 
 nearly 200 years, Sir John Cutler's memory has been 
 heaped with obloquy and calumny, by parties who have 
 reiterated the statements of Pope, without once endea- 
 vouring to investigate their veracity. These were the 
 sentiments I gave utterance to on the occasion of a lecture 
 delivered by me on the 4th Feb., 1858, since then how- 
 ever I have met with a work* which will materially aid 
 me in the attempt to vindicate Sir John Cutler's memory. 
 
 Mr. Thoresby (a contemporary) in his diary says, 
 "Rode to Harewood upon rape seed account, with William 
 Bolton a cant old man, who walked from that town to 
 London, five times off and on, in half a year's time (the 
 winter terms) yet never lay more than three nights on 
 the road betwixt London and Harewood, and so, contra 
 
 * Account of the Worshipful Company of Grocers, by John Benj. Heath, 
 Esq., F.R.S.A. London, 1854. Privately printed.
 
 274 SIR JOHN CUTLER. 
 
 in the ten times, whereof one was strictly at Christmas ; 
 and he told us some remarkable passages of the late Sir 
 John Cutler's charity to his tenants, which I purposely 
 record, because of the unworthy reflections of covetous- 
 ness cast upon so worthy a benefactor, particularly in a 
 dear year, in the great drought 1684, he not only forbore 
 their rents, saying, they should not make an ill bargain 
 (by sale of their goods at an underworth) for his sake, 
 but gave express orders to his steward, to send them 
 monies, to retrieve some that had done so, and prevent 
 it in others ; and now at his death, his tenants there are, 
 through his lenity and forbearance, 5,000 in arrears, 
 viz., two and a half years' rent." Such is Thoresby's 
 account of the generosity of Sir John Cutler, whom 
 Pope says, 
 
 "Saw tenants break, and houses fall 
 For very want." 
 
 This fact is an ample refutation of the charge of selfish 
 avarice brought against him. 
 
 The next charge is that of unnatural indifference to his 
 children. 
 
 "His only daughter in a stranger's power 
 For very want, he would not pay a dower." 
 
 This has reference to his youngest daughter Elizabeth, 
 who married the Earl of Radnor. I have ascertained 
 that her father bought a magnificent mansion and estate, 
 called Wimpole Hall, in Cambridgeshire, which he settled 
 upon her as her marriage portion. The elder daughter,
 
 SIR JOHN CUTLER. 275 
 
 who died before her father, received, on her marriage to 
 Sir William Portman, a dowry of 30,000. fLysoris 
 Mag. Brit., vol, 2, part 1, page 287.^ 
 
 Having thus rescued him from the sin of being an un- 
 natural parent, let us see upon what grounds the vice of 
 avarice has been so pertinaciously affixed to him. He 
 had been a zealous member of the Grocers' Company for 
 some time, and on the 6th February, 1668, he intimated 
 to the Court, through Mr. Warden Edwards, his intention 
 of rebuilding a large portion of the hall at his own 
 expense, for the Company's accommodation. As the 
 Company were at this time suffering the greatest incon- 
 venience, arising from their inability to discharge the 
 debts contracted under their seal, for the service of the 
 government and the city, in the years 1640, 1641, and 
 1 643 ; he suggested, at the same time as a measure of 
 precaution, that the ground should be conveyed to him 
 under a pepper corn rent, for securing it, when built, 
 against seizure. This proposal met with their approba- 
 tion, and an "Indenture of sale and demise of the grounds 
 and buildings about the hall was made to Sir J. C. and 
 sixteen other members, who had contributed and sub- 
 scribed 20 and upwards, "according to the direction of 
 the committee, for 500 years at a pepper corn rent." 
 
 The buildings were then completed, and in January, 
 1669, a strong vote of thanks to Sir John Cutler, for his 
 munificence was passed, and it was resolved, that his 
 statue and picture should be placed in the hall, as 
 memorials of the Company's esteem and gratitude. On 
 the 27th January, 1669, the court of Assistants passed the 
 following resolution :
 
 270 SIR JOHN CUTLEE. 
 
 "In consideration of Sir John Cutler's extraordinary kindness 
 and bountiful Intendments to the Company, expressed in the 
 progress and forwai'dness of his stately and sumptuous build- 
 ings in the garden, undertaken at his sole charge, and of his 
 own accord and inclination in this time of exigency and 
 desolation, for the Company's future benefit and commodious- 
 ness, It is thought fit and agreed, that his statue and picture 
 be erected and placed, at the charge of the Company, in the 
 upper and lower rooms of his buildings, in grateful acknow- 
 ledgment and memorial of his singular bounty and affection 
 to the Company, and to remain, as a lasting monument of his 
 unexampled kindness. The execution thereof to be left to the 
 Assistants, any five of them to form a Committee, and one 
 Warden to be of the number" 
 
 An inscription was likewise placed in the hall of which 
 the following is a copy. 
 
 "Sir John Cutler, Knt. and Bart., a worthy member of this 
 Company, having fined for Sheriff and Alderman nigh 40 
 years since, was chosen and held Master Warden Annis 165f , 
 and did, immediately after the dreadful fire, anno 1666, at his 
 own proper charge, erect (out of its ashes) the fair pile of 
 building now the great parlour, and entertaining room over it, 
 and again was chosen and held Master Warden 168. And 
 also in kindness to the Company Annis 168 was Assistant 
 and locum tenens to the Et. Hon. their then Master Warden, Sir 
 Thomas Chichley, and this present year 1688 in their greatest 
 exigence, (when others whose turn it was declined them) con- 
 sented to be chosen for the fourth time their Master Warden. 
 Under whose happy conduct, the Company's revenue hath 
 been settled (as a most righteous sanction) to secure the due 
 payments of their yearly charities." 
 
 This inscription lias lately been restored, and the statue 
 which had suffered from the ravages of time, has been 
 repaired, and placed in the hall, the company thus fulfil-
 
 SIR JOHN CUTLER. 277 
 
 ling the original intentions of their predecessors in 1669, 
 who intended it as a lasting monument of Sir John 
 Cutler's services. 
 
 The love and encouragement of science are indubitable 
 marks of a liberal mind, and Sir John Cutler has given 
 a noble instance of it. In 1664 he founded a lectureship 
 on mechanics, at G-resham College, and endowed it with 
 5Q per annum, settling it upon Professor Hooke for life; 
 the President, Council, and Fellows of the Koyal Society 
 being entrusted to appoint both the subject and number 
 of lectures. The Royal Society elected him a member 
 "in evidence of the great sense they have of his generosity, 
 which they have more reason to value, as being the first 
 donation they have been entrusted with of the kind, and 
 which they hope will prove a leading example to others." 
 
 He erected the north gallery in the church of St. Mar- 
 garet, Westminster, at his sole charge, for the benefit of 
 the poor, and also gave an annual sum of 37 for their 
 relief. 
 
 He was also a great benefactor to the College of 
 Physicians. 
 
 Sir John's will, dated 4th July, 1690, is a further evidence 
 of the goodness of his heart, if any such were wanting. 
 After bequeathing legacies to public charities, and to 
 more than 50 individuals, and munificent provisions to 
 his servants and their children, he has this very remark- 
 able passage. "Also I give and bequeath and hereby 
 direct and appoint that my said executor Edmund Boulter,
 
 278 SIR JOHN CUTLER. 
 
 Esq., shall distribute 2000 amongst such of my friends 
 and relations, as he shall imagine that I have neglected 
 or forgotten to mention in this my last will, in such 
 proportions as he shall think fit." The whole of the will 
 in short, breathes a kindly and truly religious spirit, 
 which never found place in the bosom of a miser. 
 
 In a work published a few years ago (Londiniana by 
 E. W. Braby, vol. 4, page 138) the author remarks that 
 "Sir John Cutler, whom the rancid satires of Pope and 
 ironical representations of Pennant, have damned to im- 
 mortality as a complete picture of avarice, has been 
 unjustly stigmatized; and were particulars of his life 
 known and fairly detailed, his character would be seen to 
 be very far removed from that disgustingly iniquitous 
 and unblushing parsimony which these writers have at- 
 tributed to it." Mr. Heath thus sums up his remarks: 
 " Should the subject be hereafter taken up on a more 
 extended scale, by an abler and more experienced pen, 
 Sir John Cutler's character will shine forth in its full 
 brightness, and be established in a way, to prove him to 
 have been an ornament to the city of London, a great 
 benefactor to his age, and not a reproach as the writers 
 quoted have endeavoured to make the world believe." 
 
 Sir John Cutler died in the spring of the year 1693, 
 having devised his estates to his daughter Elizabeth, wife 
 of the Earl of Radnor, with remainder to his relative 
 John Boulter, Esq., who was constituted joint executor 
 and trustee for the Countess, upon whose decease, without 
 issue, in 1696, he succeeded to the inheritance. He 
 resided at Gawthorpe Hall, and was of a very different
 
 SIR JOHN CUTLER. 279 
 
 disposition to his ancestor and relative Sir John Cutler. 
 Lavish in his expenditure, he was nevertheless very 
 charitable, and a great benefactor to the village. Thoresby 
 says "that Mr. Boulter was a most worthy gentleman, he 
 having endowed the vicarage with ,50 per annum, and 
 the school with 15, and given the communion plate for 
 the service of the church. He also bequeathed the interest 
 of 200 for apprenticing boys and placing girls to 
 service." He built and endowed several alms houses in 
 the city of Oxford for single men in decayed circum- 
 stances, one of which is appropriated to this parish. Each 
 pensioner has a comfortable house and coals, and about 
 20 per annum, a medical gentleman occupying a very 
 good house in the centre, is the master, and exercises 
 supervision over the whole.
 
 280 THE LASCELLES. 
 
 PEDIGREE OF THE LASCELLES. 
 
 The family of Lascelles is one of the oldest in the 
 county, and has long been of considerable importance. 
 There is a village named Lassele in Normandy, from 
 whence it is probable they may have derived their name. 
 The first of the name met with in history, who may be 
 considered as the ancestor of this very ancient family, is 
 a Picot de Lascelles.* who appears to have been amongst 
 the gentlemen, who composed the train of Alan, nephew 
 to the Conqueror, and the commander of a portion of the 
 Norman army at the battle of Hastings. Picot de Las- 
 celles is mentioned in Domesday Book, as displacing the 
 three Saxon lords of Scruton in Richmondshire, a reward 
 from William, doubtless, for his adherence and bravery. 
 The various pedigrees of this family which have hitherto 
 been published, date from about the year 1300, Whitaker's 
 and several others do so. In the course of my investi- 
 gations I met with a very old Ms. giving the following 
 pedigree of the earlier members of this family. The Ms. 
 is bound at the end of one of the vols. of the copy of the 
 Hopkinson Mss. now in the Leeds Library, very much 
 older than the vol. and as near as I can judge will be of the 
 latter end of the 16th century. Not being incorporated 
 
 * A grant of the whole village and manor of Lartington was made about 
 1182, to Robert de Lascel, in which deed the name La Seel, or De Sigillo, 
 now become so dignified in the couuty of York, occurs for the first time. 
 Whitaker's Richmondshire.
 
 THE LASCELLES. 281 
 
 with the book, but placed at the end it seems to have 
 escaped the observation of Whitaker, as I feel quite sure, 
 that he would have made use of it had he seen it. 
 
 *HUMPHREY LASCELLES, Knt., son of Picot de Lascelles, mar. 
 and had issue : 
 OLIVER. 
 
 Mary, married to Sir John Colnell, Lorde of 
 Armethorpe. The Mauleverers and Wans- 
 fords of Yorkshire are descended from this 
 marriage. 
 
 * The Mss. says, " Sir Humphry Lascelles, Knt., who had by the gift of 
 King William Rufus, in the first year of his reign, which was in the year of 
 our Lord 1087, certain lands, which were Nigill's, Lord Ffosards. The 
 castle and manor of Hinderskelf, with the parks, pastures, commons, and 
 feedings next adjoining upon the east, the lordship of Hildingsley, the lord- 
 ship of Lastingham upon the moor, the lordship of Butterwiske upon the 
 wold, the lordship of Burnham, and half the moiety of Willoughby and 
 Foulton, with the advowson and certain lands in Catton and Stamford 
 Bridge. 
 
 This Sir Humphry was Esquire unto the aforesaid King's body, in the 
 first year of his said Majesty's reign, and upon the morrow after his coro- 
 nation, his said Majesty bestowed upon him, the lordship and manor of 
 Escrick, in the County of York, his Majesty also rewarded him with this 
 eoat of arms, which you see here tricked in this roll, lineally unto him and 
 his posterity for ever ; which is to say, his shield or escutcheon is argent 3 
 chaplets floured in chief, gules pierced or, for that he was the first subject 
 that ever bore Kinghope or Jewel betwixt ring or primrose in token of 
 marriage after the Conquest. And also the said Humphrey had given him 
 for his last farewell by the said King his Majesty in the forest of Dean alias 
 called the New Forest in the county of Gloucester, his signet from off his finger, 
 at the day of his death, when his Majesty was slain by Sir Gualter Tyrrell, 
 which was in the year of our Lord God one thousand one hundred, being 
 upon Monday the first day of August. And the said Sir Humphrey placed 
 the said signet in the bass part of his shield, and held it for his coat of arms 
 unto him and the heirs of his body for ever, as appeareth in the 27th of Leo, 
 the book of Bow James. And the said Sir Humphrey died in the third 
 year of the reign of King Henry I., at his castle manor of Hinderskelfe, and 
 was solemnly buried at the monastery of Old Malton, in the year of our Lord 
 God, 1102."
 
 282 THE LASCELLES. 
 
 OLIVER LASCELLES son, of Humphrey, mar. Ann, d. of Sir 
 William Inglebert, Knt, ob. 1 132, 33 Hen.I., had issue: 
 JOHN. 
 
 SIR JOHN LASCELLES, of Hinderskelfe, Knt., son of Oliver, 
 mar. ..., d. of Sir John Salvin, of South Driffield, Knt , 
 and had issue : 
 JOHN. 
 BRIAN. 
 Thomas. 
 Kichard. 
 
 SIK JOHN LASCELLES, of Hinderskelfe, Knt., son of Sir John, 
 
 ob. 1158, 5 Hen. II., mar had issue: 
 
 Ann, sole daughter and heir, mar. Sir Edmund 
 Danville, Knt., from whom are descended 
 Claphams of Beamsley. 
 
 BRIAN LASCELLES, 1 second son of Sir John Lascelles, to whom 
 
 his father gave Escrick, mar , d. of Sir John Bois, 
 
 Knt., and had issue: 
 
 RICHARD. 
 
 Robert. 
 
 Margaret. 
 
 SIR RICHARD LASCELLES, Knt., 2 son of Brian, mar. Jane, d. of 
 Sir Simon Northop, and had issue : 
 EDMUND. 
 John. 
 
 EDMUND LASCELLES," son of Sir Richard, mar , d. of 
 
 Sir Alexander Lound, Knt., and had issue 
 BRIAN. 
 Henry. 
 Jane. 
 
 1. Brian Lascelles, Esq., lived 1 Hen. II., 1159, and died 2 Rich. I., 1190. 
 
 2. Sir Richard lived 3 Rich., I., 1191, and was buried at Escrick, A.D. 
 1211. 
 
 3. Edmund Lascelles, Esq., died in his father's life time, 9 John, 1207, 
 and was buried at Escrick.
 
 THE LASCELLES. 283 
 
 SIB BBIAN LASCELLES, Knt., 1 son of Edmund, mar , 
 
 d. of Sir George Anske, and had issue: 
 EICHABD. 
 Brian, 
 
 SIB EICHABD LASCELLES/ Knt., son of Sir Brian, mar. Eliz- 
 abeth, d. of Sir John de la Eiver, Lord of Bransbie, and 
 had issue : 
 JOHN. 
 
 Thomas, mar. ..., d. of SirEichard Fitzwilliam, s.p. 
 Walter. 
 Margaret. 
 Katherine. 
 
 SIB JOHN LASCELLES, Knt., 3 son of Sir Eichard, mar , d. 
 
 of Sir Lionel Percy, Knt , and had issue: 
 EALPH. 
 
 Sir Jeffrey mar. d. and h. of Sir John Lithgrave, 
 and had issne Eichard Lascelles, Esq , of 
 BBAKENBTJEGH. 
 Margaret, and others. 
 
 SIB EALPH LASCELLES, Knt.,* son of Sir John, mar. Joan, d. 
 of John Burnet, Esq , and had issue : 
 EALPH. 
 Eichard. 
 John. 
 Elizabeth. 
 
 1. Sir Brian Lascelles succeeded his grandfather in all the lands, manors, 
 and lordships before mentioned. He lived 6 Hen. til., 1222, and died 1270, 
 and was buried at the Monastery of Swine, in Holderness. 
 
 2. Sir Richard Lascelles lived 1 Ed. I., 1273, and died 14 Ed. II., 1321. 
 During Sir Richard's life time, Sir Humphrey Darvies, Knt., was seized of 
 the castle and manor of Hinderskelf, and the lordships of Lastingham, 
 Butterwiske, Burnham, &c. 
 
 3. " Sir John Lascelles, of Escrick, Knt., was seized of the lordship of 
 Escrick, 1 Ed. II., 1307. Sir Jeffrey, his second son, was seized of certain 
 lands in Sand Hutton and Brakenburgh, of whom is descended Lascelles of 
 Brakenbm-gh, and Jacksons alias Lascelles, of Cleveland, so these Lascellea 
 came by Lithgrave." 
 
 4. Sir Ralph Lascelles was seized of Escrick, 23 Ed. III., 1350.
 
 284 THE LASCELLES. 
 
 SIB RALPH LASCELLES, Knt., 1 son of Sir Ralph, mar. Maud, d. 
 of Sir William Constable, of Flamboro', Knt., and bad 
 issue : 
 
 WALTER. 
 
 Richard, Lord Lascelles, Baron of Sayre, mar. 
 Isabel, one of the daughters and co-heirs of 
 Sarias Button, Baron of Sayre, from whom is 
 descended : 
 
 John, Lord Lascelles, Baron of Sayre, 
 mar. ..., d. of Sir William Skipwith. 
 
 SIB WALTER LASCELLES, Knt., 2 son of Sir Ralph, mar. Agnes, 
 d. of Sir Richard Roecliffe, Knt., and had issue: 
 WALTER. 
 William. 
 Catherine. 
 
 SIR WALTER LASCELLES, Knt., son of Sir Walter, mar , 
 
 d. of Sir John Bland, and had issue : 
 WILLIAM. 
 Walter. 
 Thomas. 
 
 LASCELLES OF SOWERBY AND 
 BRACKENBURGH. 
 
 As it is generally admitted that the present noble 
 family of Harewood is descended from the above branch,* 
 I have thought it better to append the following pedigree, 
 
 1. Sir Ralph Lascelles was seized of Escrick, 2 Rich. II., 1379. His son 
 Richard was Lord Lascelles and Baron of Sayre, in right of his wife, Isabel, 
 d. of the Baron of Sayre. 
 
 2. Sir Walter Lascelles was seized of Escrick, 2 H. IV., 1401. 
 
 * No doubt exists as to this fact, for the arms of this family, sable, a cross 
 patonce, or., are the same as the Lascelles of Harewood. Brackenburgh 
 and Sowerby are in the neighbourhood of Northallerton, the former seat of 
 the Harewood Family.
 
 THE LASCELLES. 285 
 
 although unable to join the connecting links. It is taken 
 from the Har. Mss., vol. 1394, fol. 294. 
 
 SIB EOGER LASCELLES, of Sourby and Brackenburgh, Knt., 
 
 mar. Isabel, d. of , and had issue: 
 
 SIB ROGEB. 
 
 Aire, mar. to Mr. Robert Constable. 
 
 Joan, mar. to Mr. Thomas Coleman. 
 
 Matilda, mar. 1st, Mr. Robert TillioU; 2nd, Mr. 
 
 Robert Hyton. 
 Theophaina, mar. Mr. Robert Fitz Randolph. 
 
 SIB ROGEB LASCELLES, of Sourby and Brackenburgh, Knt., 
 mar. Margaret, d. of Sir John Norton, Knt., and had 
 issue : 
 
 CHEISTOPHEB. 
 
 Mary, mar. to Rafe Dransfield, of Spennithorne. 
 Margaret, mar. to Christopher Rookby, Esq , of 
 Morton. 
 
 CHBISTOPHEB LASCELLES, of Sourby and Brackenburgh, Esq., 
 eldest son of Sir Roger, mar. Anne, d. and h. of Ker 
 Sigiswike, of Walburn in co. Richmond, Esq., and had 
 issue : 
 
 Clare, mar. to Christoper Lockwood, Esq. 
 
 Thomas, died young. 
 
 George, died young. 
 
 FBANCIS. 
 
 Cyprian. 
 
 Elizabeth. 
 
 Margaret. 
 
 Barbara, mar. to Thomas Barton, of Whenby. 
 
 FBANCIS LASCELLES, of Brackenburgh, Esq., eldest surviving 
 son of Christopher, mar. Ann, d. of William Thawytes, 
 of Marston, Esq , and had issue : 
 
 Ann, mar. to Humphrey Sandford, in co. Salop. 
 
 Elizabeth, died young. 
 
 THOMAS. 
 
 Christopher. 
 
 2 N
 
 286 THE LASCELLES. 
 
 Francis. 
 Roger. 
 Margareta. 
 
 Barbara, mar. to William Vaughan, Esq. 
 Anne, mar. to George Denton, in co. Cumber- 
 land. 
 
 THOMAS LASCELLES, of Brackenburgh, living 1584, eldest *on of 
 Francis, mar. Jane, d. of Sir William Mallory, of Studley. 
 and had issue: 
 
 WILLIAM, mar , d. of Tunstall, of Scargill. 
 
 Roger, ob. s.p. 
 
 Ursula. 
 
 Margaret.
 
 THE LASCELLES. 
 
 287 
 
 LASCELLES l OF HAREWOOD. 
 
 Amis: Sable, a cross patonce within a border, or. Crest; on a wreath, a bear's 
 head couped. ermine, muzzled, gules, gorged with a collar of the last, studded and rim- 
 med or. Supporters two bears, ermine, each muzzled, gules, gorged with a collar of 
 the second, rimmed, studded and chain reflexed over the back, or, pendant thereto an 
 escutcheon, sable, charged with a cross patonce of the third, or. 
 
 JOHN DE LASCELLES, 2 of Hinderskelfe, now called Castle How- 
 ard, in the Wapontake of Bulmer, in the North Riding 
 of the county of York, was living and held divers lands 
 in that place, AD. 1315, 9 Ed. II., ut per cart: mar. 
 Joanna, uxor ejus ut per cart: had issue: 
 JOHN. 
 
 1 . This pedigree is taken from the one recorded in the College of Arms, 
 in Register, Norfolk, page 51, 52, and there certified to be true by the 
 Right Hon ble - Edwin Lord Harewood and his Cousin Edward Lascelles, Esq., 
 7 March, 1791. Signed John C. Brooke Somerset. 
 
 2. The John de Lascelles who commences the pedigree "is thought to be 
 a younger sonne out of the howse of Lascelles of Sourby and Brackenburgh.'' 
 Har.Mts., 1394,/oi. 131.
 
 288 THE LASCELLES. 
 
 JOHN DE LASOELLES, of Hinderskelfe, son and heir of John, 
 called in deeds, filius Johannis, al's Jackson. 1 He was 
 
 living 1392, 10 Rich. II., ut per cart: mar , had 
 
 issue : 
 
 WILLIAM. 
 
 WILLIAM DE LASCELLES, al's Jackson, of Hiuderskelfe, son and 
 heir of John, living 7 Hen. VI., 1428, ut per cart : mar. 
 
 , had issue : 
 
 WILLIAM. 
 WILLIAM LASCELLES, al's Jackson, of Hinderskelfe, son and 
 
 heir of William, living time of Hen. VI., mar , had 
 
 issue : 
 
 WILLIAM. 
 
 WILLIAM LASCELLES, al's Jackson, of Ganthorpe, in the 
 Wapontake of Bulmer, in the North Riding of the county 
 
 of York, mar , had issue: 
 
 ROBERT. 
 
 ROBERT LASCELLES, al's Jackson, of Ganthorpe and of Ery- 
 holme Grange, in the parish of Hovingham, co. of York: 
 died, 4 and 5 Philip and Mary, ut per Inq., 1556; mar. 
 Dorothy, d. of Mr. Newport, had issue : 
 THOMAS. 
 
 John, mar d. of Mauliverer, and had 
 
 issue, 1584, two sons, Christopher and 
 Thomas. 
 Robert. 
 
 Francis was of Stank Hall, in the parish of Sigs- 
 ton, and of Northallerton, jur: uxor: He 
 died, 4 Charles I., 1628, seized of Stank, al's 
 Winton-Stank, and of the manor or grange 
 of Thonnanby: Francis, his grandson, being 
 his next heir, ut per Inq. 
 
 1. The Har. Mss. says, " Sed Quaere quia dubitatur arma non assignantur 
 Thomas nunc viventi cognominati' Jackson, donee habeatur opiuio et 
 consensus Thomse Lascells de Sowreby, Armiger." But it is a query, 
 because it is doubted, arms are not assigned to Thomas, now living, named 
 Jackson, until the opinion and consent of Thomas Lascelles of Sourby, 
 Esq., is had.
 
 THE LASCELLES. 289 
 
 Jane, mar. to James Butler, Esq. 
 Dorothy, mar. Griffin, Esq. 
 Elizabeth, mar. to John Bell, Esq. 
 Margery, mar. to Koger Knight, Esq. 
 Margaret. 
 
 THOMAS LASCELLES,* al's Jackson, of Ganthorpe and Eryholme 
 Grange, Esq., had livery of his estate 1 Eliz., was living 
 at Ganthorpe, 1584, and died 16 Jas. I., 1618, ut per 
 Inq. : he married Margery, d. of Sir Wm. St Quintin, of 
 Harpham, in the county of York, Knt, and had issue: 
 
 Henry, eldest son and heir apparent, set at. 23, 
 A.D. 1584. 
 
 Walter. 
 
 William. 
 
 John. 
 
 Roger. 
 
 Edward. 
 
 James. 
 
 Robert. 
 
 Dorothy 
 
 Mary. ' 
 
 FRANCIS LASCELLES, eldest surviving son of Robert Lascelles, 
 mar. Elizabeth, d. and co-heir of John Charter, of North- 
 allerton, and had issue: 
 WILLIAM. 
 
 Cuthbert, mar. Frances, d. of Robert Knowsley, 
 Esq., of North Burton and Wighton, and had 
 issue : 
 
 Robert, bap. at Sigston, 11 Mar., 1629. 
 Elizabeth, bap. at Sigston, 17 Mar., 1630. 
 Ann, bap. at Sigston, 21 May, 1633. 
 Thomas, bap at Sigston, 13 April, 1634. 
 
 * Thomas Lascelles, Esq., was High Sheriff of the county of York, 39 
 Eliz. 1597. He was also one of the learned council under the presidency of 
 Edmund, Lord Mulgrave, for the suppression of the greater monasteries, 
 and the preventing of future dangers.
 
 290 THE LASCELLES. 
 
 Philip 
 
 Francis, baptized at Northallerton, 21 Jan., 1593. 
 1 Thomas, baptized at Northallerton, 24 Sep , 1598. 
 Eleanor, mar. to Laurence Mennill, of Thornaby 
 
 and East Layton, Esq., 15 Dec., 1605. 
 Margaret, mar. to W. Constable, of Dromonby, Esq. 
 Jane, baptized at Northallerton, 25 April, 1595, 
 mar. at Sigston, 13 Sep, 1614, to Thomas 
 Saville, of Wellburne, Esq. 
 
 WILLIAM LASCELLES, al's Jackson, eldest son and heir appa- 
 rent to Francis, was living at Stank, Northallerton, A.D. 
 1612, but died in his father's lifetime, and was buried at 
 Sigston, 10 Nov., 1624. He mar. Elizabeth, d. of Robert 
 Wadeson, of Yafforth, Esq., and had issue : 
 FBANCIS. 
 
 Robert, baptized at Sigston, 26 Nov., 1617. 
 Peregrine, baptized at Sigston, 2 April, 1619. 
 Hellen, baptized at Sigston, 11 Sep , 1615. 
 Elizabeth, baptized at Sigston, 24 March, 1621. 
 Thomas, baptized at Sigston, 5 August, 1624. 
 FRANCIS LASCELLES,* of Stank and Northallerton, Esq., called 
 
 1. Thomas Lascelles purchased several parcels of land in the manor of 
 Northallerton for 553 17s. 3d., being lands of the Bishop of Durham. 
 Conveyance dated 29 June, 1649. Coll. Top. tol. },p. 285. 
 
 * Francis Lascelles, Esq., was a Committee man both to the Parliament 
 and the Protector Oliver. He went into the Par. army, and became a 
 Colonel, and in Sep., 1648, he and Col. Bethel were sent to assist at the 
 siege of Scarbro', because 300 Walloons had been sent thither by the Prince 
 of Wales ; and they soon took the castle and town, with many prisoners. 
 He was entirely in the interest of the army, who procured his name to be 
 put in the Commission to try the King, and he sat in the Painted Chamber 
 on Jan. 8, 10, 13, 17, 18, 19, 20, 22, 23, 2.5, and in Westminster Hall, 20, 
 22 ; but he did not attend on the day when sentence was passed, nor signed 
 the warrant, so that he was in no danger at the Restoration, and was 
 returned a member in the Convention Parliament, though a known 
 republican. He was probably in himself a very private gentleman, fit for 
 no other employment than the part he took in the army ; for his name never 
 occurs but as a Committee man for his own county ever after. Perhaps he 
 had retired thither and chose to reside upon his own paternal estate,
 
 THE LASCELLES. 291 
 
 a child of 2 weeks old at the visitation 1612, heir to his 
 grandfather, 4 Chas. I., then aged 15 years and 4 months, 
 ut per Inq. : he was justice of peace and colonel in the 
 army of the Parliament, and was elected representative 
 in Parliament for the North Riding of Yorkshire, in the 
 Parliaments summoned to meet 1653, 1654, and 1656. 
 Baptized at Sigston, 23 Aug , 1612, buried there 28 Nov., 
 1 667. He mar. Frances, second daughter of Sir William 
 St. Quintin, of Harpham, Bart., and had issue : 
 
 DANIEL. 
 
 William, baptized at Sigston, 5 Sep., 1634. 
 
 Mary, baptized at Sigston, 7 Feb., 1635, mar. 
 there 25 Jan., 1658, to Eichard Shipton, of 
 Lythe, in the county of York. 
 
 without interesting himself farther in Government affairs, from which he 
 was so distant. He married Frances, daughter of Sir William St. Quintin, 
 created a Baronet by King Charles I. Eng. Regicides, 
 
 In the list ot Noblemen and Gentlemen who are named in the " Ordinances 
 of Parliament " for raising money and forces under Lord Fairfax, and who 
 subscribed the Solemn League and Covenant, or were otherwise employed 
 in support of the Parliamentary cause, are the following names : 
 
 Francis Lascelles, M.P., Thomas Lascelles, M.P., Peregrine Lascelleg. 
 
 In 1653, after the Battle of Worcester, among the M.P.'s, Francis 
 Lascelles is returned as one of the four sent from the North Riding. 
 
 In Sep., 1656, he was returned again for the N. Riding. 
 
 It is rather a remarkable circumstance, that by the marriage of Francis 
 Lascelles with the daughter of Sir William St. Quintin, his great-grandson 
 Henry Lascelles, Esq., the purchaser of the Harewood estates, should 
 descend from both the families of ALDBURGH and GASCOIGNE, the 
 former lords of Harewood and Gawthorpe, in this manner : 
 
 From ALDBURGH : 
 
 The d. of Aldburgh mar. Ryther ; the d. of Ryther mar. Babthorpe ; the 
 d. of Babthorpe mar. Crake, of Cottingham ; the d. of Crake mar. St. 
 Quintin ; the d. of St. Quintin mar. Francis Lascelles, Esq., great-grandfather 
 to Henry Lascelles, Esq., the purchaser of the Harewood estates. 
 
 From GASCOIGNE : 
 
 Ann, d. of Sir Wm. Gascoigne, of Gawthorpe, Knt., grandson of the Chief 
 Justice, mar. Sir Hugh Hastings, of Fenwick, Knt. ; whose grandson, Sir 
 Brian Hastings, of Fenwick, Knt., had a daughter Dorothy mar. to Sir 
 William St. Quintin, of Harpham, Knt.,great-grandiather of Sir William St. 
 Quintin, Bart., whose daughter mar. Francis Lascelles, Esq., as above.
 
 292 THE LASCELLES. 
 
 Henry, baptized at Sigston, 3 May, 1637. 
 
 Francis, baptized at Sigston, 19 March, 1639. 
 
 Katherine, baptized at Sigston, 7 June, 1640. 
 
 Elizabeth, baptized at Sigston, 9 Jan., 1641. 
 
 Lacy, a son. baptized at Sigston, 9 Oct , 1653. 
 
 Margaret, buried at Sigston, 4 April, 1667. 
 
 Lucy, baptized at Sigston, 9 Oct., 1651, mar. to 
 Cuthbert Wytham, a merchant in Virginia, 
 second son of William Wytham, of Garforth. 
 
 Helen, baptized at Sigston, 19 July, 1650. 
 
 Dorothy x 
 
 Elizabeth I 
 
 Dorothy Uh ese nve daughters are all mentioned 
 Hannah j m the family vellum. 
 Katherine ' 
 
 DANIEL LASCELLES,* of Stank and Northallerton, Esq , born 
 6 Nov., 1655, and baptized at Sigston. Ob. 5 Sep., 1734, 
 set, 78: buried at Northallerton, 8 Sep., 1734. He mar. 
 first, Margaret, d. of George Metcalfe, of Northallerton, 
 Esq., buried at Northallerton, 20 Dec., 1690. By her he 
 left issue : 
 
 GEORGE. 
 
 Mary, baptized at Northallerton, 13 Sep., 1683, 
 mar. there 27 Aug , 1706, to Cuthbert Mil- 
 ford, of Northallerton. She died 25 April, 
 1727 : buried at Northallerton. 
 Elizabeth, mar. at Northallerton, 10 Sep., 1713, to 
 George Ord, of Longridge, hi Northumber- 
 land, Esq. He died 25 Feb., 1745, and was 
 buried with his wife at Norham, hi that county. 
 HENRY. 
 
 Francis, bap. at Sigston, 18 June, 1674, d. young. 
 Anne, bap. at Sigston, 5 Dec., 1 676, died young. 
 Daniel, died aged half a year, buried at Sigston, 
 11 June, 1677. 
 
 He was Justice of the Peace and High Sheriff in 1719 ; M.P. for 
 Northallerton in 1702.
 
 THE LASCELLES. 293 
 
 Thomas, bap. at Sigston, 1 1 Sep , 1 688, d. young. 
 Hannah, a twin with Henry, bap. at Northallerton, 
 
 20 Dec., 1690, buried there 20 July, 1694. 
 By his second wife, Mary, d. of Edward Lascelles, of 
 London, Esq , who died 28 Oct., 1734, buried at North- 
 allerton, 30 Oct., 1734, aged 72, he left issue: 
 EDWAKD. 
 Francis, bap. at Northallerton, 8 Nov., 1705, died 
 
 young. 
 
 GEORGE LASCELLES, of Stank, and of the parish of St. Michael's, 
 in Barbadoes, eldest son and heir- apparent, baptized at 
 Northallerton, 2 March, 1681. Will dated at Barbadoes, 
 30 Aug., 1726, proved in London, where he died during 
 the lifetime of his father, 12 Feb., 1729. He mar. Mary, 
 d. of William Doldren, died in the island of Barbadoes, 
 1722, and had issue: 
 
 William Lascelles, of Stank. Esq., eldest son, 
 succeeded his grandfather in his estate ; died 
 about 1750: buried at Bermondsey, Surrey. 
 George Lascelles, of Northallerton, Esq., second 
 son, born in the island of Barbadoes, 1 722, 
 living unmarried, 1790. 
 
 Elizabeth, eldest daughter, married at Isleworth, 
 in the county of Middlesex, 24 Dec., 1741, to 
 Edmund Davis, of Highworth and Eamsbury, 
 in the county of Wilts, Esq., who took the 
 name of Thomas Batson. He died 1 Dec., 
 
 1770, buried at Highworth, she, living a 
 widow, 1790. 
 
 Susanna, second daughter, married at St. Paul's 
 Cathedral, London, Feb. 1748, to James 
 Maxwell, Esq., Commissioner of the Sick and 
 Hurt Office, and sometime Physician-general 
 to the army in Germany. She died 1768, he, 
 
 1771, both buried at St. Andrews, Holborn. 
 
 2 o
 
 294 THE LASCELLES. 
 
 HENRY LASCELLES,' Esq., of Harewood, Stank, and Northal- 
 lerton, second son to Daniel Lascelles, Esq., and heir to 
 his brother George, baptized at Northallerton, 20 Dec., 
 1690, died in London, buried at Northallerton, 16 Oct , 
 1753. He was married twice; 1st, to Mary, d. and co-heir 
 of Edwin Carter, of the parish of St George, in the island 
 of Barbadoes, Esq., mar. at St. Michael's Church, in Bar- 
 badoes, 8 April, 1712, died 17 May, 1721, aged 32, buried 
 at Northallerton, 19 May, 1721: and 2nd, to Janet, d. of 
 John Whetstone, of the island of Barbadoes, Esq., mar. 
 about 19 July, 1731, died in London, 22 April, 1754. 
 Will dated 23 Oct., 1753, proved in London. No issue 
 by his second wife, but by his first wife the following: 
 
 EDWIN LASCELLES,* Esq., of Harewood House, 
 Stank, and Northallerton, eldest son and heir, 
 baptized at St. Michaels, Barbadoes, mar. 1st, 
 Elizabeth, d. of Sir Darcy Dawes, Bart., died 
 at Bath, 31 Aug., 1764, buried at St Georges, 
 Hanover-square, having had two children, who 
 died young: 2nd, Jane, d. of William Cole- 
 man, of Gorney, in the co. of Devon, Esq., 
 died 11 April, 1813, buried in Westminster 
 Abbey. No issue. 
 
 1. He purchased the Harewood estates in 1739, from the trustees of John 
 Boulter, Esq. For some time lie was Collector of the Customs at Barbadoes, 
 afterwards a Director of the East India Company, and M.P. for North- 
 allerton. In 1752, he accepted the office of Chief Steward and Keeper of 
 the Courts of Honor of Berkhamstead, and of the manor, lordship, and 
 towns of Berkbamstead, in the co. of Hertford, Bucks, and Northampton, 
 parcel of the land and possessions of His Majesty's Duchy of Cornwall. 
 
 2. He was M.P. for Scarborough, and for Northallerton in 1754, and 
 again from 1780 to 1790. Created Baron Harewood, of Harewood, to him 
 and the heirs male of his body, by patent, dated 9th July, 1 790. Dying 
 without issue, the dignity became extinct. In 1 759, he laid the foundation 
 stone of Harewood House.
 
 THE LASCELLES. 295 
 
 Daniel Lascelles, 1 of Goldsbro' and Plumpton, in the 
 county of York, baptized at St. Michaels, Bar- 
 badoes, 20 May, 1714, mar. Elizabeth South- 
 wick, from whom he was divorced by Act of 
 Parliament, Dec., 1751. Died without issue 
 in Pall Mall, London, 26 May, 1784, buried 
 at Goldsbro': will dated 24 Jurie, 1773, proved 
 3 June, 1784. 
 
 Henry Lascelles, Esq , born 18 Aug., 1716, and 
 baptized, the day following, at St Michaels, 
 Barbadoes. He died, without issue, 14 July, 
 1 786, buried in South Audley-street Chapel. 
 He married Jane, d. of John Raine, of Scar- 
 borough. She died June, 1784, and was 
 interred with her husband. 
 Thomas, fourth son, died young. 
 George, fifth son, died young, buried at Northal- 
 
 lerton, 20 March, 1 723. 
 
 EDWARD LASCELLES, Esq., son of Daniel Lascelles, Esq., by 
 his second wife, baptized at Northallerton, 25 Feb., 1702, 
 mar. at St. Michael's Church, Barbadoes, 1 Jan., 1732> 
 died 31 Oct., 1747, at Barbadoes, buried in St. Michael's 
 Church, 1 Nov. following. He mar. Frances, d. of Guy 
 Ball, Esq., a member of the Council in Barbadoes, died 
 18 May, 1761, aged 41 years, buried at Kichmond, Surrey. 
 By her he left issue : 
 
 Mary, born, in Barbadoes, 19 March, 1735, buried 
 
 in St. Michael's Church there, 11 Feb., 1737. 
 
 Henry, eldest son, born 1 Nov., 1 737, in Barbadoes, 
 
 died 12 May, 1755, buried at Eichmond, in 
 
 Surrey. 
 
 1. He was M.P. for Northallerton from 1752 to 1780. In 1756, he pur- 
 chased the Goldsboro' Estate from the Byerley's. About the year 1 760, he 
 purchased the two manors of Plumpton and Rofarlington for the sum of 
 28,000. This was formerly the residence of the Plumptons, an ancient 
 and important family, much of whose history has recently been published 
 by the Camden Society.
 
 29 G THE LASCELLES. 
 
 Frances, born in Barbadoes, 6 Dec., 1738, mar. at 
 St. James', Piccadilly, on 15 Oct., 1762, to Ged- 
 ney Clarke, of the island of Barbadoes. He, 
 died 11 Nov., 1777; she, 16 Dec., 1777, 
 leaving one son, Gedney. 
 EDWARD. 
 Daniel, born in Barbadoes, 8 Dec., 1742, died 
 
 there, aged about 8 years. 
 
 Francis,* born in Barbadoes, 1 Nov., 1744, died 
 unmarried, 2 Sep , 1799, buried at Richmond, 
 in Surrey. 
 
 EDWARD LASCELLES,! of Stapleton, in the parish of Darrington, 
 in the county of York, Esq., born in Barbadoes, 7 Jan., 
 1740. Created Baron Harewood, of Harewood, in the 
 county of York, 18 June, 1796; Viscount Lascelles and 
 Earl of Harewood. 7 Sep., 1812. Died 3 April, 1820, at 
 Harewood House : interred at Harewood. He married 
 Anne, d. of William Challoner, of Guisborough, Esq , 12 
 May, 1761. She died 22 Feb., 1805, and had issue: 
 Edward Lascelles, Esq., eldest son and heir-appa- 
 rent, born 10 Jan., 1764, in New Bond-street, 
 and there baptized : died unmarried 4 June, 
 1814, buried at Harewood. 
 HENRY. 
 
 * Appointed Ensign in the 1st regiment of Foot Guards, 22nd Feb., 1761; 
 Captain in the 17th Dragoons, 13th Dec., 1761 ; Major in the 8th Dragoons, 
 15th June, 1764; Lieutenant Colonel in do., 31st May, 1768; Colonel in the 
 Army, 29th Aug., 1777; Lieutenant Colonel in the King's Own Dragoons, 
 8th May, 1780; Major General in the Army, 20th Nov., 1782; Colonel of 
 the 8th Dragoons, 17th March, 1789; and appointed Groom of His Majesty's 
 Bedchamber, 1779. The Gentleman's Magazine says, "No man was more 
 respected by his brother officers, and no man passed through life with more 
 easy dignity, manliness, and unobtrusive good sense." 
 
 f He entered the army early in life, and bore the standard of the Blues 
 at the Battle of Minden. Sat as M.P. for Northallerton from 1790 to 1796. 
 In 1798, when the country was threatened by a foreign invader, he subscribed 
 the munificient sum of 4,000 towards the defence of the kingdom. Sat 
 for Northallerton from 1796tol812.
 
 THE LASCELLES. 297 
 
 Frances, born in Stanhope-street, May-fair, 11 
 June, 1762, mar. at St George's, Hanover 
 Square, 4 Oct., 1784, to the Hon. John 
 Douglas, younger son of James, 14th Earl of 
 Morton. She died at 7, Great Cumberland 
 Place, London, 31 March, 1817, and he, 1 
 May, 1818; both buried at Upton, near 
 Windsor. 
 
 Mary Anne, born 22 May, 1775, at Stapleton, and 
 there baptized; mar. to Richard York," Esq., 
 by whom she had one son Edward, born 6 
 Jan., 1802. She died 10 June, 1831, aged 56, 
 buried at Harewood. 
 HENRY LASCELLES,* second Earl of Harewood, succeeded his 
 
 * He served as Knight of the Shire for York in four successive Purlia- 
 ments, and stood a contested election for the County in the year 1807 5 
 against Lord Viscount Milton ; probably the fiercest struggle for Parlia- 
 mentary honours on record ; the poll commencing on Wednesday, May 20th, 
 and closing on Friday, June 5. The total number of votes was 33,972 ; 
 viz.: Wm. Wilberforce, Esq., 11,806; Lord Milton, 11,177; Hon. H. 
 Lascelles, 10,989. Shortly afterwards he was elected for Westbury, in 
 Wiltshire, which he served 5 years In October, 1812, he was elected for 
 Pontefract, and on the 1 6th of the same month he was elected for the County 
 by the unsolicited suffrages of the freeholders, At the period of the general 
 election in 1818, he withdrew from the representation of the County, and 
 was elected for Northallertou on the '20th June. He was appointed Lord 
 Lieutenant and Gustos Rotulorum of the West-Riding on the 6th Nov., 
 1819. On Jan. 27, 1806, he moved the following resolution in the House of 
 Commons." He meant to propose that some signal mark of respect and 
 gratitude should be paid to the memory of that great character (Mr. Pitt), 
 whose loss the nation has now to deplore. He should take as a precedent, 
 the honours which were paid to his illustrious father, as he considered the 
 son to be equally as great a man ; he therefore moved : " That an humble 
 address be presented to His Majesty, praying that he would be pleased to 
 give directions that the remains of the Rt. Hon. Wm Pitt be interred at the 
 public expense ; and that a monument be erected in the Collegiate Church 
 of St. Peter, Westminster, to the memory of that great and excellent states- 
 man, with an inscription expressive of the sentiments of the people on so 
 great and irreparable a loss ; and to assure His Majesty that this House will 
 make good the expense attending the same." Seconded by the Marquis of 
 Titchfield. 
 
 -'
 
 298 THE LASCELLES. 
 
 father in title and estates, 3 April, 1820. He was born 
 at Stapleton, in the parish of Darrington and county of 
 York, 25 Dec., 1767, and there baptized Married at 
 Flamstead, in Hertfordshire, 3 Sep., 1794, Henrietta 
 Saunders, eldest daughter of the late Sir John Saunders 
 Sebright, Bart. She died 18 Feb., 1840, aged 69, and 
 he died 24 Nov., 1841, aged 73. By her he left a numer- 
 ous issue: 
 
 Edward, Lord Viscount Lascelles, born at Hare- 
 wood, 13 July, 1796, and there baptized: died 
 7 Dec., 1839. 
 
 HON HENRY and Francis, twins, bom at Buckden, 
 in Huntingdonshire, 11 June, 1797. Francis 
 died 12 June, 1797, at Buckden, and buried 
 there. 
 
 Hon. William Sebright Lascelles, 1 born at Hare- 
 wood, 29 Oct., 1798, and baptized there. 
 Mar. 14 May, J823, Lady Caroline Georgiana 
 Howard, eldest daughter of George, 6th Earl 
 of Carlisle. He died 2 July, 1851, aged 52, 
 buried at Harewood, where a mural tablet is 
 erected to his memory. He left a numerous 
 family. 
 
 Hon. Edwin Lascelles, 2 born at Harewood, 25 
 Dec , 1799, and baptized there. He is un- 
 married. 
 Hon. Francis Lascelles, born at Widiat, in the 
 
 1. He entered the navy young, and continued until the peace of 1815; 
 after which he entered the army. First elected for Northallerton 9th March, 
 1820 ; sat until 1824, and returned again in 1831. In 1837 he was elected 
 for Wakefield, and afterwards for Knaresbro' ; subsequently appointed 
 Comptroller of Her Majesty's Household, and a Privy Councillor. 
 
 2. Fellow of All Soul's College, Oxford, where he graduated B.C.L., 1826; 
 D.C.L., 1831. Was called to the Bar, at the Inner Temple, 1826. Is a 
 Deputy-Lieutenant of the County, and Chairman of the West-Riding Bench 
 of Magistrates. First returned M.P. for Ripou, without a contest, Jan., 
 1846 ; re-elected, 1852 ; retired, 1857.
 
 THE LASCELLES. 299 
 
 county of Herts, 12 April, 1801, baptized 
 there, and christened at Harewood, died there, 
 Feb., 1813. 
 
 Lady Harriett Lascelles, born at Kensington, in 
 the county of Middlesex. 19 June, 1802, bap- 
 tized there, and christened at Harewood, mar,, 
 6 June, 1825, the Et. Hon. the Earl of 
 Sheffield, by whom she has issue. 
 
 Hon. Frederick Lascelles, born at Bennington, 
 Herts., 27 June, 1803, baptized there, and 
 christened at Harewood. Died 13 Oct., 1823, 
 aged 20, buried at Harewood. 
 
 Lady Francis Ann, born in Hanover Square, Lon- 
 don, 2 June, 1804, baptized there, christened 
 at Harewood. She married, 2 March, 1 835, 
 John Thomas Hope, Esq., who died 17 April, 
 1835, having been married only about 6 
 weeks. She died 6 Dec , 1855. 
 
 Hon. Arthur Lascelles, born at Harewood, 25 Jan., 
 1807, and baptized there. Married, 18 Nov., 
 1834, Caroline Frances, fourth daughter of 
 Sir Richard Brooke, Bart., and has a numer- 
 ous family. 
 
 Lady Emma, born at Harewood, 16 March, 1809, 
 and baptized there. A Lady of the Bed- 
 chamber to the Queen, and married, 16 June, 
 1827, Baron Port-man, of Orchard Portman, 
 in the co. of Somerset, by whom she has a 
 numerous issue. 
 
 Lady Louisa, born at Harewood, 10 Sep., 1812, 
 
 and baptized there. Married, 4 July, 1835, 
 
 the Hon. George Henry Cavendish, M.P., by 
 
 whom she has a numerous family. 
 
 HENRY LASCELLES,* third Earl of Harewood, succeeded his 
 
 * Educated at Christ Church, Oxford, and after passing through the 
 curriculum of study at that distinguished seat of learning, he entered the 
 army, obtaining an ensijjncy in the Grenadier Guards which bears date the 
 7th of April, 1814. He was present with this regiment at Waterloo, on the 
 18th of June, 1815, when he was slightly wounded on the right side by a
 
 300 THE LASCELLES. 
 
 father, in title and estates, 24 Nov., 1841. He was the 
 second son, bom at Buckden, in Huntingdonshire, 1 1 June, 
 1797, christened at Harewood. Married, 5 July, 1823, 
 Lady Louisa Thynne, second daughter of Thomas, 2nd 
 Marquis of Bath. He died on 22 Feb., 1857, to the 
 great grief of his family and dependants. By his 
 Countess, who survives, his Lordship left issue : 
 HENRY THYNNE, Viscount Lascelles 
 Hon. Egremont William, born 28 July, 1825, 
 married, 11 Dec., 1856, Jessie Elizabeth, 
 daughter of Neill Malcolm, Esq. 
 Hon. George Edwin, bornlOOct, 1826, mar., 
 2J July, 1851. Louisa Nina, only daughter of 
 the Earl of Mansfield. 
 Hon Algernon Francis, born 21 Jan., 1828, died 
 
 28 March, 1845: buried at Harewood. 
 Hon. Alfred Daniel, born 26 Feb , 1829, died 
 20 March, 1 845 : buried at Harewood. 
 
 bomb shell, whilst bearing the standard of his regiment, and was reported 
 a dead, but recovered. On the 24th of August, 1820, he exchanged to half- 
 pay of the regiment, and in August, 1831, he retired from the army altoge- 
 ther. He had, however, in the meantime, on the 28th of October, 1820, 
 been appointed a Lieutenant in the Yorkshire Hussars. He was made 
 Captain on the 18th November, 1823, and Major on the 8th October, 1839, 
 but resigned on the 22nd of April, 1 843. On the death of Lord Wharncliffe, 
 21st June, 1846, he was appointed Lord Lieutenant of the West Riding, 
 which distinguished position he continued to hold up to the time of his 
 death. Returned M.P. for Northallertou, 1826, and sat until 1831. 
 
 " His memory will long be cherished. In all the vai-ied duties of his 
 position, he maintained the honour and reputation of his house. As a 
 nobleman, his actions though unostentatious and unassuming, cast a lustre 
 over his name, of which his descendants may feel justly proud, and there 
 have been few public movements in the county, of a religious or philanthro- 
 pic character, of which he has not been the warm supporter and patron. A 
 sincere admirer of the Established Church, he was ever looked up to with 
 esteem by the clergy, and churchmen of all "schools.'' The last acts of his 
 life were those of charity, and his last appearance as a public man, on the 
 occasion of his presiding over the meeting at Leeds, to promote the Bishop 
 Longley Endowment Fund, a few days before the accident which caused his 
 death, was combined with other acts, which if less noticeable in their nature 
 were equally honourable to his noble character.''
 
 THE LASCELLES. 301 
 
 Lady Louisa Isabella, born 20 July, 1830, mar., 
 25 Aug., 1853, Charles Henry Mills, Esq., 
 eldest son of Charles Mills, Esq., of Hilling- 
 don Court, near Uxbridge. 
 
 Hon. and Eev. James Walter, Hector of Goldsboro', 
 
 born Nov. 1831, married in 1856, Emma, 
 
 daughter of William Miles, Esq., M.P., of 
 
 Leigh Court, Somersetshire. 
 
 Lady Susan Charlotte, born 10 April, 1834, mar., 
 
 4 July, 1855, to Lord Wharncliffe. 
 Hon. Horace Douglas, born 20, Sep., 1835. 
 Lady Blanch Emma, born 18 Aug., 1837. 
 Lady Florence Harriett, bora 8 Oct., 1838. 
 Lady Mary Elizabeth,, bora 11 May, 1842. 
 Lady Maud Caroline, bom 26 Nov., 1846. 
 HENRY THYNNE, fom*th Earl of Harewood, succeeded his father 
 in title and estates, 22 Feb., 1857. Born at Goldsboro' 
 Hall, 18 June, 1824, married, 17 July, 1845, the Lady 
 Elizabeth Joan de Burgh, eldest daughter of the Marquis 
 of Clanricarde. Appointed Deputy Lieutenant of the 
 West Eidingin 1847, and Captain of the Yorkshire Hus- 
 sars, 23 Oct, 1849. Her Ladyship died on 26 Feb., 
 1854, at Goldsboro' Hall, aged 28, and was interred in 
 the family vault, at Harewood. The following issue are 
 by this marriage: 
 
 Henry Ulick. Lord Viscount Lascelles, born 2 L 
 
 Aug, 1846. 
 
 Hon. Frederick Canning, born 6 May, 1848. 
 Hon. Gerald William, bom 26 Oct, 1849. 
 Hon. Charles George, born 23 Jan., 1851. 
 Lady Constance Mary, born 26 May, 1852. 
 Lady Margaret Joan, born 2 Oct., 1853. 
 His Lordship married to his second wife on 21 April, 
 1858, Diana, eldest daughter of Col. J. H. Smyth, M.P., 
 of Heath Hall, Wakefield. 
 
 2 P
 
 302 ADDENDA. 
 
 ADDENDA. 
 
 I think it right to mention that the lithographic en- 
 gravings which embellish this book are all done by 
 Messrs. Stott Brothers, of Halifax, with the exception of 
 the two seals of the Lords of Harewood, which has been 
 executed by Mr. Pulleyn, of Leeds, at the expense of 
 Mr. C. Pegler, of Leeds, who has kindly presented it to 
 the Author. 
 
 FREE WARREN is a franchise granted for preservation or 
 custody of beasts and fowls of warren ; which being fern 
 naturae, every one had a right to kill as he could, but upon 
 the introduction of the forest laws, at the Norman Conquest, 
 these animals being looked upon as royal game and the sole 
 property of our savage monarchs, this franchise of free warren 
 was invented to protect them, by giving the grantee a sole and 
 exclusive power of killing such game so far as his warren 
 extended, on condition of his preventing other persons. The 
 hare, the coney, the pheasant, and the partridge were beasts 
 and fowls of warren. Manivood. To these Sir Edward Cooke 
 adds roes, rails and quails, woodcocks, mallards, and herons. 
 
 Free warren gave to the Lord of a Manor an exclusive right 
 to hunt and kill the game therein. 
 
 A CARUCATE of land, a plough land, or a hide of land, is 
 not of any certain extent, but as much as a plough can by a 
 course of husbandry plough in a year, and may contain a 
 messuage, wood, meadow, and pasture. 
 
 In Domesday Inquisition, the arable land is estimated in 
 carucates, the pasture in hides, and the meadow in acres. 
 
 The measure of a carucate appears to have differed in respect 
 of place as well as time. In the reign of Eich. I., it was 
 estimated at sixty acres, and in a charter of the same reign at
 
 ADDENDA. 303 
 
 100 acres. In the time of Ed. I., at 180 acres, and in Ed. III., 
 at Burcester, 112 acres, while in Middleton 150 acres. 
 
 The carucate, plough land, or hide in general, is estimated 
 at 100 acres. A. T. Blount. 
 
 KNIGHT'S FEE. Like the carucate, the quantity of land in 
 a Knight's fee varied according to the nature of the soil, from 
 480 to 640 acres and sometimes more. In Yorkshire, where 
 the land was not of great value, a Knight's fee was rated at 
 3,000 acres, about 1296. Camden says a Knight's fee was as 
 much inheritance as served yearly to maintain the dignity of a 
 Knight, which in Ed. the Ist's time was about 20. 
 
 SCUTAGE, from scutum, a shield, was a tax or contribution 
 levied upon those who held lands by knight service, towards 
 furnishing the King's army. 
 
 BOVATE, from bos, an ox, as much land as an ox could plough 
 in a year, estimated by some at 28 acres, 
 
 OXGANG, from ox and gang, going. In ancient laws, as 
 much land as an ox could plough in a year, generally taken to 
 be fifteen acres, or, as some say, twenty acres. It was con- 
 tracted or expanded, however, according to the quality of the 
 land, forty acres constituting the maximum, and six the mini- 
 mum of the measure. The oxgang was invariably J part of a 
 carucate, whatever may be the number of acres contained 
 therein. 
 
 FEODARY, one who holds lands of a superior, on condition 
 of suit and service. 
 
 GUSTOS ROTULORUM, the keeper of the rolls and records of 
 the county. 
 
 COURT LEET and COURT BARON. These are courts of record 
 held once a year in a hundred, lordship, or manor, before the 
 Steward of the Lord of the Manor. Formerly these courts 
 possessed and exercised exclusive jurisdictions and privileges, 
 these, however, are not exercised in the present day, the 
 business transacted by them being purely of a formal character.
 
 304 ADDENDA. 
 
 THE HARLEIAN Mss., stored in the British Museum, was 
 founded by Robert Harley, Earl of Oxford, born in London 
 on the 5th December, 1661. Being a man of great taste and 
 letters, he commenced this matchless collection, and at his 
 death in 1724, his son and successor, Edward, the second 
 Earl, followed the noble example set by his father, and devoted 
 a great part of his fortune to the completion of what had been 
 so auspiciously commenced. At his death, it became the 
 property of his daughter, the Duchess of Portland, and on the 
 institution of the British Museum in 1753, the country pur- 
 chased the collection for the sum of 10,000. It contains 
 7,639 volumes, exclusive of 24,236 original rolls, charters, 
 deeds, and other legal documents. 
 
 THE LANSDOWNE Mss., so named from William Petty, first 
 Marquis of Lansdowne, born on the 2nd of May, 1737. After 
 his death, which happened on the 7th of May, 1805, a treaty 
 was entered into by the Trustees of the British Museum, with 
 his representatives for the purchase of his fine library, which 
 was effected in the year 1807, for the sum of 4,925. The 
 number of volumes amounts to 1,245. 
 
 THE DODSWOETH Mss., one of the most valuable collections 
 in existence, especially to the antiquary and topographer, form 
 a part of the mighty treasures of the Bodleian Library, Oxford. 
 There are 162 volumes folio and quarto, 122 of which are in 
 his own handwriting, the whole being bequeathed to the 
 library in 1671, by Gen. Fairfax; who had been Dodsworth's 
 patron. 
 
 ANTHONY a WOOD'S Mss., preserved in the Ashmolean Mu- 
 seum, Oxford, having been bequeathed to the University of 
 Oxford by the writer in 1695. 
 
 ABP. SHARP'S Mss., in four folio volumes, in the handwriting 
 of the venerable prelate himself. They are preserved in the 
 library at York Minster, and contain a vast amount of paro- 
 chial information, and other ecclesiastical matter relative to 
 the old diocese of York. He died in 1714. 
 
 TORRE'S Mss., in five folio volumes, and are of great value. 
 Mr. Hunter says, "they contain a vast treasure of information 
 respecting the several benefices throughout the diocese, and
 
 ADDENDA. 305 
 
 the succession of patrons and incumbents." We are also in- 
 debted to Torre for what are called testamentary burials, he 
 having examined all the wills proved at York, and extracted 
 from them all clauses relative to the place of interment of the 
 testator. He died in 1699. 
 
 CAMDEN, WILLIAM, one of the most illustrious antiquaries 
 of which we can boast, was born in London on the 2nd of 
 May, 1551. His principal work, "The Brittania," a survey of 
 the British Isles, which treats of the early history of every 
 place throughout the Island of Great Britain of any note, as 
 well as of the principal families then existing, is a monument 
 of learning. He died in 1623, aged 72, and his name and 
 memory are regarded with peculiar respect by English histori- 
 cal enquirers and antiquaries. 
 
 DUGDALE, SIE WILLIAM, born at Shustoke, in Warwickshire, 
 12th September, 1605. His great work, "Monasticon Angli- 
 canum," an account of the monasteries and other religious 
 houses in England, was originally commenced by his friend 
 Dodsworth, who, however, died before the first volume was 
 completed, bequeathing a vast amount of materials on the sub- 
 ject to Dugdale. He died in 1686, having issued only three 
 volumes. Besides this his greatest work, he was the author 
 of several valuable antiquarian histories, and a large manuscript 
 collection ( which he bequeathed to the University of Oxford. 
 
 DODSWORTH, ROGER, an eminent Antiquary, born 24th July, 
 1585, at Newton Grange, Rydale, Yorkshire. His manuscript 
 collections embracing 162 volumes, folio and quarto, 122 of 
 which are in his own handwriting are preserved in the Bodleian 
 Library at Oxford. He was the projector of the "Monasticon 
 Anglicanum," carried 011 after his death by his friend Sir Wil- 
 liam Dugdale. His industry and perseverance were marvellous, 
 and his collections are of inestimable value to the Yorkshire 
 antiquarian. The vols. are large, closely and horridly written, 
 full of contractions and are only readable by the veteran anti- 
 quarian. No one should venture a visit to the Dodsworth 
 collection who is not uncommonly well up in all the contrac- 
 tions and abbreviations which characterized the old court 
 hands.
 
 306 ADDENDA. 
 
 SPEED, JOHN, an English historical writer of the reigns of 
 of Elizabeth and James I., born at Farrington, in Cheshire, in 
 1542, died July 28th, 1629. He was the author and compiler 
 of several works of great value to the antiquarian. 
 
 WILLIS BROWNE, an English Antiquary of considerable 
 note, born at Blandford, in Dorsetshire, 14th Sep., 1682. His 
 greatest work is his "Survey of the Cathedrals of England," 
 although his lesser publications, "Notitia Parliamentaria," and 
 some local histories, tended to promote a taste for antiqua- 
 rian studies. He died 5th Feb., 1760. 
 
 WHITAKER, KEY. THOMAS DUNHAM, bom at Rainham, in 
 Norfolk, 8th June, 1759. The following list of works of an 
 antiquarian character, will give some idea of the labours of 
 this voluminous writer: History of Whalley and Honour of 
 Clitheroe ; History of the Deanery of Craven ; new edition of 
 Thoresby's Ducatus Leodinensis; the Loidis and Elmete; 
 History of Rlchmondshire and Lunedale ; with several others 
 of a less important character. He died at the vicarage of 
 Blackburn, in Lancashire, 18th Dec., 1821. 
 
 CLUNIAC NUNS. 
 
 When the reputation and discipline of the Benedictine order 
 of ecclesiastics, established in the eighth century, had declined, 
 and it was requisite that a reformation of the whole should be 
 effected, a separate order was established, derived indeed 
 immediately from the stock of St. Benedict, yet claiming, as it 
 were, a specific distinction and character it was the order of 
 Cluni. It was founded about the year 900, in the district of 
 Ma9on. in Burgundy, by William, Duke of Aquitaine; but the 
 praise of perfecting it is rather due to the Abbot St. Odo. It 
 commenced as usual, by a strict imitation of ancient excellence, 
 a rigid profession of poverty, of industry, and of piety, and it 
 declined accoixling to the usual course of human institutions, 
 through wealth, into indolence and luxury. In the space of 
 about two centuries it fell into obscurity ; and after the name 
 of Peter the Venerable, (the contemporary of St. Bernard,) no 
 eminent ecclesiastic is mentioned as having issued from its 
 discipline. Besides the riches which had spoiled its original 
 purity, another cause is mentioned as having contributed to
 
 ADDENDA. 307 
 
 its decline, the corruption of the simple rale of St. Benedict, 
 by the multiplication of vocal prayers, and the substitution of 
 new offices and ceremonies for the manual labour of former 
 days. Hist, of Monachism. 
 
 Mr. Parsons in his History of Leeds relates the following 
 remarkable occurrence as having taken place at Harewood, and 
 states that its authenticity may be vouched for: 
 
 " A very worthy person, one George Fawcett, a hatter, at 
 Birstal, [whom he well knew, especially as an excellent singer] 
 happened to call at Harewood for payment of a bill, when a 
 thunder storm came on. A number of sovereigns were laid, 
 with notes, upon a table, when an awful flash alarmed the 
 reckoners, and caused them to retire. Upon re-approaching 
 the money, it was discovered that a guinea or a sovereign was 
 gone, and it occasioned some explanation, Fawcett denying 
 that he had touched the cash, and his customer averring that 
 he had counted it out and left it. The former, I believe, with 
 his usual generosity, good temper, and forbearance, gave up 
 the point, and the other had no qualm of conscience; for, upon 
 reaching down the candle snuffers the same evening, which 
 hung upon a nail, the good housewife discovered them to be 
 almost as finely gilded as though a working goldsmith had 
 done the job. These snuffers so gilded [he adds] are, I under- 
 stand, still shown at Harewood/'
 
 308 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 Adams, Mr., 185. 
 Adel, 88, 235. 
 
 Church, taxation of, 81. 
 Albemarle, Earl of, 1 9. 
 Albemarles, the, 28. 
 Aldburghs, the, 32, 34, 35, 36, 138, 
 
 158, 163. 
 Aldburgh, Sir Wm., 137, 157. 
 
 Margery, will of, 139. 
 Almscliff, 217. 
 
 Remarkable incident at, 
 218. 
 
 Alwoodley, 201. 
 Alwoodley, Old Hall at, 205. 
 Arthington, 219. 
 
 Family, 231. 
 Pedigree, 233. 
 Hall, 231. 
 Nunnery, 24, 219. 
 ' Deeds of, 225. 
 
 Seal of, 226. 
 
 Grants to, 24, 
 
 220. 
 
 Award respect- 
 
 ing, 223. 
 
 Testamentary 
 
 burials, 224. 
 
 List of Prior- 
 
 esses, 225. 
 
 Arms, 31, 54, 95,233,254,263,270. 
 In the Church, 99. 
 In the Castle, 157. 
 Arch in the Great Hall of the Cas- 
 tle, 155. 
 
 Archeologia, 212. 
 Athelwold, murder of, 11. 
 
 Baliol, 157, 158, 163. 
 
 Account of, and his connexion 
 
 with the Castle, 137. 
 Bardsey, 88, 212. 
 
 Barry, Sir Chas., improvements of, 
 at Harewood House, 185. 
 
 Battle of Tadcaster, 150. 
 Marston Moor, 150. 
 
 Bede Venerable, the, 10. 
 
 Benefactions, 129, 243. 
 
 Bells, the, an account of, with in- 
 scriptions, 103. 
 
 Bennett, John, a regicide, his evi- 
 dence against Chas. I., 181. 
 
 Bill of Sale of the Harewood Es- 
 tates, 62. 
 
 Bolton Priory founded, 16, 17. 
 
 Bondmen, an account of, 153. 
 
 Bondgate, 153. 
 
 Boulter, John, Esq., 18, 66, 93, 95, 
 
 151,167, ]68, 174,279. 
 Will of, extract 
 
 from, 96. 
 
 Bordesley, 158. 
 
 Brandon, 84, 85, 213. 
 
 Brown, Mr. Lancelot, 187. 
 
 Burton's Monasticon, 82. 
 
 Burden Head, 238. 
 
 Camden, 22, 23, 58, 134, 135. 
 Camps, 184, 238. 
 Carr, Mr., 1 85. 
 Castle, the, account of, 134. 
 Dismantling of, 149. 
 
 Position of, 151. 
 
 Description of, 152. 
 
 Plan, &c., 161. 
 
 Licence to crenellate, 163. 
 
 Arch in, explained, 155. 
 Cheldry, Parson, curious circum- 
 stance respecting, 90. 
 Chaplains, the six, 85. 
 China, collection of antique, 186. 
 Clarks of Weardley, 237. 
 Cluniac Nuns, 219^
 
 INDEX. 
 
 309 
 
 Clarrell, family of, 102. 
 Clock, the, 1(14. 
 Clifton, Sir Gervase, 203. 
 Concert on the occasion of the visit 
 of the Grand Duke Nicholas, 
 189. 
 
 Communion Plate, 104. 
 Constable, the family of, 159. 
 Collegiate House, 86. 
 Court Leet and Court Baron, 64, 153. 
 Cranmer, Abp., grants to, 225. 
 Crouchback, Edmund, 30. 
 Cutler, Sir John, 61, 66, 149, 150, 
 200. 
 
 Life of, 270. 
 
 Vindication of, 273. 
 
 Daincourt, family of, 157. 
 Denison, Sir Thomas, tomb of, 116. 
 
 Dame Ann, tomb of, 117. 
 De Curci, family of, 21, 22. 
 
 Tomb of, 125. 
 De Lisle, 26, 32, 33, 100, 249. 
 De Fortibus, Aveline, 29. 
 
 Pedigree of, 31. 
 Domesday Book, 13, 14, 194, 195, 
 198, 201, 211, 219, 236, 241, 
 250. 
 
 Dodsworth, Mss., 79, 114, 196, 211. 
 Douglas, Miss C., inscription of, 122. 
 Dugdale, 83. 
 Dunkeswick, 105, 244. 
 
 East Keswick, 93, 250. 
 
 New Church at, 252. 
 Edgar, King, 11. 
 Elfritha, 11. 
 Ellis, family of, 102. 
 Embsay Priory founded, 1 5. 
 Extracts from the Verbeia, 180, 272. 
 State trials, 182. 
 
 183. 
 Nicholson's 
 
 Poems, 240. 
 Shakspeare, 255. 
 Pepy's diary, 270 
 Thoresby, 273. 
 Pope, 272. 
 Boulter's will, 96. 
 
 Fearnley Fairfax, inscription and 
 
 account of, 119. 
 
 Fenwick, Harriet, inscription, 124. 
 Fitzgeralds, family of, 21. 
 
 Font, the, 104. 
 
 Foot Ball Garth, 168. 
 
 Fox, Geo. Lane, Esq., 205. 
 
 Ffranks, family of, 102. 
 
 Ffranks, Sir Richard, tomb of, 109. 
 
 Nicholas, inscription over, 
 115 
 
 Pedigree of, 202. 
 Breant, Fulk de, 25,26. 
 
 Galloway, family of, 1 59. 
 Gardens, the, 1 88. 
 Gallows Hill. 154. 
 Gawthorpe, 52, 53, 61, 198. 
 Gawthorpe Hall, 185, 199, 271. 
 Gascoignes, particulars respecting 
 the, 52, 58, 61, 99, 101, 102, 
 103, 115, 199,251. 
 Gascoignes of Sudberry, 59. 
 
 Lazingcroft, 59. 
 Parlington, 60. 
 Thorp-on-the-Hill, 60. 
 Hunslet, 60. 
 Oldhirst, 61. 
 
 Various forms of spelling, 6 1 . 
 Of Gawthorp, pedigree, 54. 
 Gascoigne, Chief Justice, life of, 254. 
 Pension and 
 
 royal grant 
 to, 257. 
 
 ,. Correct date 
 
 of the death 
 of, 258. 
 
 ., Tombof,lll. 
 
 Inscription, 
 
 113. 
 
 Glover's Visitation, 114. 
 Grey, Walter, Abp. of York, 26. 
 
 Hale, Rev. Richard, 125. 
 Harewood Estate, descent of, 67. 
 Harewood, 84, 85. 
 
 Etymology of, 10. 
 
 Lords of, 13. 
 
 Mills of, 18. 
 
 Market of, 2 1 , 24. 
 
 Bill of sale, 62. 
 
 Purchase agreement, 64. 
 
 Pedigree of the Lords of, 
 67. 
 
 Catalogue of the Lords of, 
 72. 
 
 Particulars respecting the 
 incumbent, 88.
 
 310 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 Harewood House, 185. 
 
 Harrogate, 9. 
 
 Harrison, Mr. Thomas, inscription 
 
 of, 127. 
 
 Harleian Mss., 202, 215, 250. 
 Hastings, Lady Elizabeth, 93, 212. 
 Heaton, family of, 102.. 
 Helthwaite Hill, 24*>. 
 Hencroft, 197. 
 Hepworth, Rev. John, inscription, 
 
 120. 
 
 Hetheric, 184. 
 Hollinghall, 173. 
 Huddlestone, family of, 157. 
 Huby, 243. 
 
 Inclosure Acts, 105. 
 Inscriptions in Church, 116, 128. 
 On Bells, 103. 
 
 Over Cottage, 150. 
 
 On Chief Justice Gas- 
 
 coigne's tomb, 113. 
 Over entrance to the 
 
 Castle, 138. 
 
 At Arthington, 232. 
 
 Institution, account of the, 179. 
 Inquisition, with translations, 206. 
 201. 
 
 Jewell, Mr., 76, 152. 
 
 Inscription and account 
 
 of, 128. 
 
 Jackson, Rev. Christopher and wife, 
 120. 
 
 Kirkby Overblow, 14, 88. 
 Kirby's Inquest, 28, 215. 
 King's History of British Castles, 1 35. 
 Knight, Rev. R., inscription, 120. 
 Knar esbro' forest, boundaries of, 245. 
 
 Lascelles, Henry, Esq., 66. 
 
 Lascelles, Edwin, Esq., 66, 170, 180, 
 185. 
 
 Lascelles, family vault of, 121. 
 
 Lascelles, Hon. Wm. Sebright, in- 
 scription, 122. 
 
 Lascelles, account of the family, 280. 
 
 Lascelles, pedigree of, 281. 
 
 Laud, Abp., 269. 
 
 Lewis, Sir John, 62. 
 
 Leeds Parish Church, taxation of, 
 80. 
 
 Letters, Earl of Strafford's, 65, 66. 
 James Rither's, 146, 149, 
 
 175. 
 
 Living, the augmentation of, 93, 94. 
 Lodge, Mr. William, account of, 122. 
 Lofthouse, 195. 
 Lives 
 
 Mr. Wm. Lodge, 122. 
 Earl of Strafford, 263. 
 Sir Wm. Gascoigne, 254. 
 Sir John Cutler, 270. 
 Thomas Maude, Esq., 180. 
 John Bennett, 181. 
 John Nicholson, 239. 
 Dr. Redman, 45. 
 
 Mason's Elfrida, 1 3. 
 Market Charter, &c., 164. 
 
 Cross, 167. 
 Mansion, family of, 100, 102. 
 Marston Moor, battle of, 150. 
 Maude the Poet, account of, 180. 
 Manufactures, in the village, 170. 
 Mallory, Sir John, 204, 249. 
 Mallory, Matthew, 250. 
 Mallories, the family of, 249. 
 Methodism, 171, 242, 216, 233, 251. 
 Meaux Abbey, curious circumstance, 
 
 20. 
 
 Morcar, Earl, 14. 
 Mowbray, family of, 99. 
 
 Nevill, family of, 103. 
 Neville, Sir John, tomb of, 108. 
 Nicholas, Pope, taxation, 80. 
 Nicholas, Grand Duke, visit of, 188. 
 Nicholson, John, account of, 239. 
 Norman Church, the, 89. 
 
 Old People, 171. 
 
 Ogden's, Mr., memoranda in the 
 
 Register, 88, 89. 
 Officiating Priests, list of, 85. 
 Organ, the, 103. 
 Otley, Percival, 86, 87. 
 
 Pannall Church, taxation of, 81. 
 Parish Church, 75, 97, 106. 
 
 Patron saint of, 77. 
 
 Taxation of, 81. 
 
 Appropriation of, 77. 
 
 Architecture of, 91.
 
 INDEX. 
 
 311 
 
 Parish Church, Dimensions of, 92. 
 Plan of, showing the 
 position of the 
 tombs, 106. 
 
 Park, 187. 
 
 Paintings in the House, 186. 
 
 Pedigrees of the Romelli's, 19. 
 
 De Curci, 22. 
 
 ,, Redvers, 27. 
 
 De Fortibus. 31. 
 
 ,, De Aldburghs, 36. 
 
 De Lisles, 36. 
 
 ,, Redmans, 45. 
 
 ,, Rythers, 47- 
 
 ,, Rythers, of Scar- 
 croft, 51. 
 
 ,, Gascoignes, 54. 
 
 Lords of Harewood, 
 67. 
 
 Arthingtons, 233. 
 
 Cutler, 271. 
 
 Ffranks, 202. 
 
 Lascelles, 281. 
 
 ,, Lascelles of Hare- 
 wood, 287. 
 
 Lascelles of Braken- 
 
 burgh,, 284. 
 
 Polychronicon, Higdon's, 1 1 . 
 Popplewell, Mr. & Mrs., 127, 128. 
 Portcullis, 152, 155. 
 Pope, Nicholas, taxation, 80. 
 Portraits, presentation, 186, 187. 
 Presentation, particulars respecting 
 
 the, 79. 
 
 Alienatien of the alternate 
 right of, 94. 
 
 Alternaterightinthehands 
 of the parishioners, 96. 
 Public houses, 169. 
 
 Quakers, 173. 
 
 Quakers' burial ground, 252. 
 
 Radnor, Earl of, 66. 
 Redverses, family of, 23, 24, 27. 
 Redmans, 38, 45, 101, 145. 
 Redman family, account of, 39. 
 Redman, Dr., 44. 
 Redman arms, origin of, 39. 
 Redman, Sir Richard, tomb of, 107. 
 
 109. 
 Rectors, list of, 81, 
 
 Registers, 104. 
 
 Memoranda in, 89. 
 Rithers, 38, 47, 51, 99, 145, 158. 
 Rither, James, letters of, 146, 175, 
 Riot at the toll bar, 169. 
 Rigton, 214. 
 
 Purchase of, 216. 
 
 Outrage at, 216. 
 Romellis, the, 15. 
 Romelli's pedigree, 1 9. 
 Romald's moor, 16. 
 Roger, Abp., 77. 
 
 Rougemont or Ridgman Scar, 248. 
 Ross, family of, 159. 
 Roman Catholic, a, 173. 
 Rylston, 101. 
 
 Ryther, Sir William, tomb of, 107. 
 Ryther's, quarterings, 160. 
 
 Sacrilege, 104. 
 Sallyports, 162. 
 
 Sawdrie's, Anthony, indenture, 131. 
 Scrope, Abp., execution of, 255. 
 Scarbro' castle, 20. 
 School, the, 174. 
 Smithsons, inscriptions of, 126. 
 Soke or Soc, 15. 
 Sharp's, Abp., Mss., 93. 
 Shakespeare, quotation from, 255. 
 Spencer's Vale of Bolton, 112. 
 Spofforth Church, taxation of, 80. 
 Standard, battle of, 1 9. 
 Stables, 188. 
 
 Stricklands, of Boynton, 157. 
 Stapleton, 100, 145. 
 Stank, 184. 
 Stockton, 194. 
 Stained Windows, 97, 98. 
 Storey, Dr., 152. 
 Stubhouse, 198. 
 
 Strafford, Earl of Stafford, original 
 letters, 65, 66. 
 
 Life of, 263. 
 
 ,, Letters of, 261, 
 
 266, 269. 
 
 Prayer on the death 
 
 of, 267. 
 
 Sutton, family of, 101, 158, 159. 
 Swindon, 247, 248. 
 
 Tadcaster, battle of, 150. 
 Testamentary burials, 131, 133, 224. 
 Thornton Abbey, 28. 
 Thorner, 88.
 
 INDEX. 
 
 Thwayts, 99, 125. 
 Thoresby, 273. 
 Torre's Mss. 81-, 175. 
 Tombs, description of, 107. 
 Toll bar, riot at, 169. 
 Tonehouse, 197. 
 
 Vicarage, establishment of the, 82. 
 Charter and deed respect- 
 ing the, 83. 
 Vicars, number of, 87. 
 catalogue* of, 90. 
 Vipount, 159. 
 Village, account of, 1 64. 
 Visits, of the Grand Duke Nicholas, 
 
 188. 
 Duchess of Kent and Princess 
 
 Victoria, 190. 
 ,, Adelaide the Queen Dowager, 
 
 193. 
 Villages, extinct, 1 94. 
 
 Visitors, list of, to meet the Duchess 
 of Kent and Princess Victoria, 
 190. 
 
 Waugh, Mr. H., inscription, 126. 
 Wentworths, the, 6 1 . 
 Weeton, 84, 85, 105, 241. 
 
 St. Barnabas Church, 243. 
 Weardley, 169,236. 
 Wescoe Hill, 243. 
 Wharfe, the, 244. 
 Wheatley, 137. 
 Wharwell, Abbey of, 12. 
 Whitaker, Dr., 10, 20, 155, 158. 
 Winmoor, battle at, 10. 
 Wiglon, 84, 85, 213. 
 Willis, Brown, 85. 
 Wills, 139. 
 Wighill, 100. 
 Wike, 211. 
 
 Coins found at, 211. 
 
 LEEDS: J. BUCKTON, PRINTER, BRIGGATEC7 
 
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