M m I 4 >. ' BHHi ' «ii#ilf5 .rJ? tin >l» fill'. • Rfl tfU ;*!)!},. i, l', J . ". i (lfjuwiUviiffUii F-fAIIFflPv, fAlimOj, f)t •"-^TN o wvasitt \mm& ■CElfr. K) ^•LIBRARY Q \WE-UNIVERS/4 ^ ?S& .Ov ^OJITVDJO^ ^Jl ■CAllFOft^ ^MElif ^Abvaam^ ^•LIBRARY* SJUJi so 1 1^ A I i Uvj 1 1 V J jVJ H>^ ^OF-CAllFOftfc n N (2 T3> PREFACE. pi A? 1 he preceding edition of the present work was sent forth at a moment when the study of the Anglo-Saxon tongue was almost at its lowest ebb in England. It was compiled as an experiment, under the belief that a small volume of "**; extracts in prose and verse — beginning with pieces couched in the simplest language and proceeding gradually to the most difficult — accompanied by a compendious glossary, would much contribute to the revival of the study of the Anglo-Saxon language in the land where it once had its home, and had flourished more vigorously than any of its kindred dialects on the Continent. The belief above-men- tioned, though not fully justified, proved not wholly ground- less : the few copies printed were gradually disposed of, and the number of students sensibly increased, many of whom, it may reasonably be supposed, were indebted for their progress to the Analecta Anglo-Saxonica. a 2 IV PREFACE. Issued under more favourable circumstances than its predecessor, the present edition appears in a cheaper form, and with some modifications and changes, it is hoped, for the better, it having been the editor's object to compile an initiatory book for beginners, which might at the same time not be devoid of interest to the lovers of Anglo-Saxon lore in general. The editor feels much gratification in mentioning that this work, is now adopted as a text-book for his lectures by the Rawlinsonian Professor of Anglo-Saxon in the Univer- sity of Oxford, whence it may be hoped that the study of our ancient mother-tongue may find its way, as an essential branch of English education, into our higher schools, and thus tend to the formation of a style more impressive* and more truly English than is to be found in many literary productions of the present, and very many of the last cen- tury. On this subject, the words of a very sensible and eloquent writer may with propriety be here quoted : " As Englishmen we have to think, to write, to speak in English and with Englishmen. Surely, then, it is a matter of con- cern to know and understand well our own tongue. How much better then would it be, if in our public and private schools as much attention at least were given to the teach- ing of English, as of Greek and Latin, that our youths * That the poetry of England derives its choicest expressions from the Anglo-Saxon element of our language, may be proved by number- less examples ; among which, as a production familiar to every one who reads, may be cited Gray's Elegy. PREFACE. V might bring home with them a racy idiomatic way of speak- ing and writing their own language, instead of a smattering of Greek and Latin, which they almost forget, and gene- rally neglect in a few years' time ! Let our English youth of both sexes be taught to drink deeply of the well of En- glish undefiled. For this a study of Anglo-Saxon is abso- lutely needful ; for after all, it has bequeathed to us by far the largest stock of words in our language. About the Anglo-Saxon tongue there was the strength of iron, with the sparkling and the beauty of burnished steel, which made it withstand with success the attacks that the Nor- man William and his fawning courtiers directed against it, as they tried in vain to thrust their French into the mouths of the English people. If the sword of the Normans van- quished the Anglo-Saxons, the Anglo-Saxons' tongue in its turn overthrew the French of the Normans. The great- est harm that was ever inflicted on the English language came from Johnson, who in giving English endings to long-drawn Latin words, foolishly thought to impart dig- nity of style to his writings by words big, not with meaning, but with sounding emptiness. Such silliness and childish- ness have happily died away ; but still our young men have to be taught to follow our best and latest writers, and always to choose an Anglo-Saxon word before a Latin one. When this shall be done, then may we look forward to a bright period in our country's literature. We shall have our ears charmed with a flow of sounds as strong as they are sweet and beautiful, instead of, as often now happens, VI PREFACE. being wearied with a namby pamby gibberish made up of Greek, Latin, and French words with English endings*." In the Glossary the student will find numerous synonyms from the other Northern tongues, particularly German and Danish. These have been inserted solely with the view of showing to learners the great affinity that prevails among these tongues and our own ancient vernacular speech. To the old Germanic and Scandinavian dialects the references are few, being deemed needless in a glossary designed for beginners, and useless to the proficient. The references to the grammar frequently occurring in the Glossary apply to the editor's translation of Rask. The volume, though of small dimensions, will, neverthe- less, be found to contain no inconsiderable number of words, the several extracts of which the text is composed having been selected from among those which seemed to offer the greatest variety, with reference both to the vocabulary and the forms of expression. A brief notice of the several ex- tracts will best enable the reader to form a judgement of the work. From the Gospels f, p. 1. Colloquium ad Pueros Linguae Latinaa Locutione exer- cendos, p. 18. In this Colloquy (MS. Cott. Tib. A. 3.) the Saxon is only an interlinear gloss to the Latin ; the design of its author (/Elfric) being, by * Dolman's Magazine for October 1845, p. 243. t Da Halgan Godspel on Englisc — The Anglo-Saxon Version of the PREFACE. Vll means of a Ilamiltonian version*, to facilitate to children the ac- quirement of the Latin tongue. As presenting a curious picture of times and manners and of monastic life at that early period, it is both valuable and entertaining. Homilies of iElfric, p. 36. These are from " The Homilies of the Anglo-Saxon Church," in course of publication for the .Elfric Society. I. Dom. I. in Mense Septembri, quando legitur lob, p. 36. If. IV. Id. Mart. Scl Gregorii Papa?, p. 44. This interesting homily, giving an account of the conversion of the English by St. Augustine and his brother missionaries, was printed in the year 1 709 with an English translation by Mrs. Elizabeth Elstob, which edition has been lately reprinted. This learned lady's version is, generally speaking, close and faithful, though the Saxon text on which it is formed is extremely corrupt. III. IV. Kal. April. Depositio S. Cuthberhti Episcopi, p. 52. This homily is entirely composed from Beda's two lives of the Saint. It is alliterative. IV. De Fide Catholica, p. 63. V. Dominica Septuagesima, p. 73. A very beautiful discourse on the parable of the labourers in the vineyard. From King /Elfred's Translation of Orosius, p. 81. I. The Geography of Europe, and the Voyages of Ohthere and Wulf- stan. These voyages have been frequently printed and translated. The text now given is from the original manuscript f of Alfred's Orosius, to which they are prefixed, and will on collation be found in several places to differ from that printed in Daines Barrington's edition!, where it is accompanied by a very 7 incorrect translation, and a commentary by J. R. Forster, abounding in mistakes. It is Holy Gospels, edited from the original manuscripts, by Benjamin Thorpe, F.S.A. mdcccxlii. Uniform with the present volume. * " There .is no new thing under the sun." — Eccles. I. 9. t Cott. MS. Tib. B. 1. X The Anglo-Saxon Version from the Historian Orosius by .Elfred the Great, etc. 8vo. Lond. 1773. Vlll PREFACE. hoped that with the aid of the Glossary, the student will find no difficulty in following on the map the course of the two voyagers. II. The Death of Cyrus, p. 88. III. Caesar and Ponipey, p. 90. From King Alfred's Translation of Boethius*, p. 93. I. The Story of Orpheus, p. 93. II. The Story of Ulysses, p. 96. From King Alfred's Translation of Beda's Ecclesiastical History, p. 97. The Life of St. Hild, with an account of the Poet Csedmon. This extract is from a MS. in the Lihrary of C. C. Coll. Oxon., collated with Smith's edition. From the Story of Apollonius of Tyre, p. 108. This short extract is from the Anglo-Saxon version of a tale in the Gesta Romanorum, of which the only known MS. is in the lihrary of C. C. Coll. Camh., and that is unfortunately imperfect. The version (which has been printed with an English translation-)-) is a model of Anglo-Saxon prose. For an account of the story and its versions, see Warton's H. E. P. A Dialogue between Saturn and Solomon, p. 110. This dialogue is one of a numerous family that flourished under a variety of denominations and in great estimation during the mid- dle age. The text (from a Cottonian MS.) is in places corrupt, apparently from ignorance of the copyist. In the Red Book of Derby (MS. Bibl. C. C. C. Cantab.) is a metrical dialogue between the same parties, which, together with the above, is now in course of publication for the ^Elfric Society by Mr. Kemble J, to whose * A. M. S. Boethii Consol. Philosophise Libri V. Anglo-Saxonice, etc. Oxon. 1698. 8vo. t The Anglo-Saxon version of the Story of Apollonius of Tyre, on which is founded the Play of Pericles, ascribed to Shakspeare, etc. By Benjamin Thorpe, F.S.A. Lond. 1834, crown 8vo. J Anglo-Saxon Dialogues of Solomon and Saturn, by J. M. Kemble. M.A. Part I. Printed for theiElfric Society. Lond. 1845, 8vo. PREFACE. IX Introduction the student is referred for an abundance of curious information relating to these extraordinary compositions. The Mandrake, p. 116. At the head of this article in the Cottonian manuscript is an illumi- nation, representing a dog in the act of drawing the plant out of the earth, according to the method laid down in the text. The piece affords a striking instance of " the wisdom of our forefathers." A Spell to restore Fertility to Land rendered sterile by Witchcraft, p. 116. The text of this interesting specimen of the simplicity of our fore- fathers is from the unique manuscript in the Cottonian Library (Calig. A. 7.). Homily in Natale S. Eadmundi, p. 119. This homily, as we learn from the beginning, is founded on the narrative of Eadmund's sword-bearer to king iEthelstan, from wliich it was related by Dunstan to Abbo of Fleury. By Abbo the account was committed to writing, of whose narrative the present homily is a translation. Manuscripts of the homily are extant in pure Anglo-Saxon ; but the present text is given as an interesting specimen of the dialect of East Anglia*. It is from MS. Bodl. NE. F. 4. 12, and was apparently written at Bury. See p. 125. It is alliterative. Wills, p. 126. I. The will of yElfric, bishop of Elmham, — a curious specimen of barbarous Saxon in the dialect of E. Anglia. II. The will of Lufa, an East Anglian lady, even more barbarous than the preceding. Both are from the Cott. MS. From the Gospels, p. 128. Tliis is a chapter from the Northumbrian Gloss of the celebrated * Of the E. Anglian dialect the most remarkable deviations are, b for/, as ob for of, Ubgende for lifigende, hiabenlic for heofenlic ; e for cb-, as \>et for \>&t ; ae for e, as wcel for tvel ; u for w and b, as sain for swin, uene ualete for bene valete ; i for e and a for o, as sia for seo, wiarald for weoruld ; I for hi, as laford for hlaford ; i for ge prefix. X PREFACE. Durham Book (MS. Cott. Nero D. iv.), arranged in the natural order, for the sake of comparison with the common text. The Battle of Maldon, and Death of the Ealdorman Byrht- noth, p. 131. The only known manuscript of this valuable fragment perished in the fire at the Cottonian library in 1731. That the poem was not wholly lost, is owing to the zeal of Thomas Hearne for publishing even 7 curious monument connected with early English history, who printed it as prose at the end of his edition of Johannis Glastoniensis Chronicon. The chief of the Northmen, though not mentioned by name, was undoubtedly the famous king Olaf Tryggvason. See Saxon Chron. aa. 993, 994, and Lappeuberg's ' England under the Anglo-Saxon Kings,' ii. pp. 155-159. Judith. A Fragment, p. 1-11. This was first printed as prose at the end of Thwaites's Heptateuch. The text now given is from the Cottonian MS. Vitell. A. 1 5. This fragment leads us to form a very high idea of the poetic powers of our forefathers. The entire poem, of which it probably formed but an inconsiderable part, must have been a truly noble produc- tion. From a Paraphrase of Job, xxix. xxx., p. 152. An extract only is here given from the Codex Exoniensis of this very singular composition, where it is printed under the title of ' Riming Poem,' under which denomination it first appeared in Conybeare's ' Illustrations.' The conjectures formed with regard to its subject have been manifold; and it was only recently that the present editor, having taken up the poem in the almost hopeless attempt at illustration, was struck by its striking resemblance to some parts of Job ; when on reading over the latter, he soon felt convinced that it was a very free paraphrase from the above chapters. That words have been misspelt for the sake of the rime, seems unques- tionable ; and all attempts at interpretation by comparison with the Vulgate have proved far from satisfactory. The beginning of the poem corresponds with Job xxix. 2. PREFACE. XI The Grave. A Fragment, p. 153. This singularly impressive and almost appalling fragment is written in the margin of the volume of homilies in thcE. Anglian dialect, in which the homily on St. Eadmund's day is contained. It is also printed with translations, Latin and English, in Conyheare's ' Illus- trations ; ' but the text here given is founded on a careful and re- peated collation with the manuscript. From La^amon's Brut, p. 154. The History of King Leir and his daughters*. From the Ormulum, p. 182. This singular work is among the Junian MSS. in the Bodleian Li- brary. It consists of a metrical paraphrase of the Gospels, inter- spersed with moralizations, by an ecclesiastic named Orm, or Or- min, by whom it is addressed to his brother Walter. It is with- out rime, in lines of fifteen syllables, which for smoothness of rhythm f may vie with many modern productions. The author seems to have been a critic in his mother-tongue ; and to his idea of doubling the consonant after a short vowel (as in German), we are enabled to form some tolerably accurate notions as to the pro- nunciation of our forefathers. Thus he writes min with a single n only because the i is long or diphthongal, as in our mine. So also in kinde (pronounced as our kind), dom, hoc, had, lif (pro- * The texts of the two Cottonian manuscripts are here given in parallel columns. Of the one (Otho C. xiii.) only a bundle of scorched and shrivelled fragments has survived the fire in 1731. It is, however, much less valuable than the other (Calig. A. ix.), being of later date, and in many instances extremely corrupt. An edition of the entire chronicle, containing the two texts and a modern English version, is in preparation for the Society of Antiquaries by Sir Frederick Madden, who obligingly allowed the editor the use of his printed text for collation with the above extract, whereby several inaccuracies in the former edition are now corrected. This and the following extracts are in Semi-Saxon, in which the vocabulary is still free from foreign terms' but the grammatical construction nearly subverted. t This rhythmus is preserved, as in the pure Anglo-Saxon and other languages, by pronouncing the final e as a syllable, except where it pre- cedes a vowel or an aspirate. Xll PREFACE. nounced as our life), etc. On the other hand, wherever the con- sonant is doubled, the vowel preceding is short and sharp, as in jett (pronounced as our yet, not yate, as it would be if written with a single t), Godd (pronounced God, not Gode), etc. Thus bus is to be pronounced hoos, whereas puss, with a double s, is our thus. Mr. Tyrwhitt, therefore, had done well, even for his own sake, to have spared his injudicious remark upon this pecu- liarity of the author, for which every critical student of our early language is so much indebted to him*. Orm's dialect merits, if any, to be called Dano-Saxon : his name also betrays a Scandinavian descent f. In conclusion, the editor does not hesitate in expressing his belief, that every student who has read through and well understood the contents of this volume will find no difficulty in understanding any Anglo-Saxon writer either in prose or verse. * " There is a peculiarity in the author's orthography, which con- sists in doubling the consonants ; e. g. brother he writes brotherr ; after, affterr, etc. He has done this by design, and charges those who shall copy his book, to be very careful to write those letters twice which he has written so, as otherwise he assures them ' they will not write the word right.' Hickes has taken notice of this peculiarity, but has not attempted to explain the author's reasons for it ; and in- deed, without a more perfect knowledge than we now probably can have of the Saxon pronunciation, they seem totally inexplicable. In the few lines which I think it necessary to quote here as a specimen of the metre, I shall venture (first begging Ormin's pardon for disre- garding his injunction) to leave out the superfluous letters; and I shall also, for my ease as well as that of the reader, transcribe them in modern characters." — Essay on the Language and Versification of Chaucer. f An edition of the Ormulum by the Rev. Dr. White, late Rawlin- sonian Professor of Anglo-Saxon, is now in course of printing at the University Press, Oxford. The extracts given in this volume have, through the kindness of Dr. "White, been collated with the sheets of his edition. CORRIGENDA ET ANNOTANDA. Page 37, line 4. For seofonfealdne read seofonfealde. — 41, — 14. For God read Gode. — 47, — 28. For to brece read tobrece. — 56, — 15. Dele hyphen between renig and wacta. — 58, — 1. Insert hyphen between vvaeter and aiddre. — 75, — 9. For accended read acenned. — 84, — 7. For cwenas read Cwenas. — 89, — 1. For *seo read se. — 91, — 23. For *fret land read bam lande. — 95, — 10. For *J>aes read }>aere. — — — 26. Jbr *so}>es read so}>an. — 97, — 6. For *spraecan rea d sprecan. — 98, — 16. For forleort read forleorte. — 116, — 25. Insert hyphen beticeen heafod and ece. — 119, — 9. Insert hyphen between beorht and blowende. — 125, — 12. For *gestylde read gestyrde. — 134, — 12. For *\>e read \>a. — — — 16. For *\>xr read )>a. — — — 43. For *wegon read waegon. — — — 65. For *fleogan read flugon. — 137, — 2. The hi in this line is very questionable. — 139, — 5. Insert hyphen beticeen stede and faeste. — — — 36. The story of the gysel (Jiostaye) was no doubt con- tained in the part of the poem now lost. — 140, — 8. For *leo'5e read leofta. — 144, — 23. For mordres read morftres. — 146, — 31. Dele hyphen between tir and gife'Se. — 197, voce Anweald,/or I. 2. read II. 2. * The asterisk is placed before errors or doubtful readings of the original texts, whether printed or manuscript. ANALECTA ANGLO-SAXONICA. FROM THE GOSPELS. MATTHEW, Chapter II. iLORNOSTLICE pa se Haelend acenned waes on Iu- 1 deiscre Bethleem, on paes cyninges dagum Herodes, pa comon pa tungol-witegan fram east-daele to Hierusalem, and cwsedoii : Hwaer ys se Iudea cyning ]>e acenned ys ? 2 soSlice we gesawon hys steorran on east-daele, and we comon us him to geeaSmedenne. Da Herodes past ge- 3 hyrde, pa wearS he gedrefed, and eal Hierosolim-waru mid him. And pa gegaderode Herodes ealle ealdras 4 paera sacerda, and paes folces writeras, and acsode hwaer Crist acenned waere. Da saadon hig him : On Iudeiscre 5 Bethleem : witodlice pus is awriten purh pone witegan, And pu Bethleem, Iudea-land, witodlice ne eart pu laest 6 on Iudea ealdrum: of pe forS-gaaS se here-toga, sepe recS min folc Israhel. Herodes pa clypode on sunder-spraece 7 6a tungel-witegan, and befran hi georne, hwaenne se steorra him ateowde. And he asende hig to Bethleem, 8 and pus cwaeS : Farafi, and acsiaS geornlice be pam cilde; and ponne ge liyt gemetaS, cypao" eft me, paet ic cume, and me to him gebidde. Da hi paet gebod gehyrdon, pa B 2 MATTH. Chap. II. ferdon hig ; and soolice se steorra, pe hi on east-daele gesawon, him beforan ferde, o$ he stdd ofer paer paet io cild woes. So'Slice pa oa tungel-witegan pone steorran 11 gesawon, hig faegenodon swy<5e myclum gefean ; and gangende in to )>am huse, hi gemetton paet cild, mid Ma- rian hys meder, and hig a])enedon hig, and hi to him ge- baedon ; and hi untyndon hyra gold-hordas, and him lac 12 brohton ; paet waes gold, and recels, and myrre. And hi afengon andsware on swefnum, paet hi eft to Herode ne hwyrfdon, ac hi on ofterne weg on hyra rice ferdon. 13 Da hi pa ferdon, pa aetywde Drihtnes engel Iosepe on swefnum, and pus cwaaS : Aris, and nim paet cild and his moder, and fleoh on TEgypta-land, and beo paer oS fast ic pe secge. Toweard ys paet Herodes secS fast cild to 14 forspillenne. He aras pa, and nam paet cild and his mo- 15 der on niht, and ferde on iEgyptum ; and waes paer 08 Herodes forosio" ; past waere gefylled paet pe fram Drihtne gecweden waes, purh pone witegan : Of iEgyptum ic ic minne sunu geclypode. Da waes Herodes swyoe gebol- gen, for]>am pe he bepaeht waes fram pam tungel-witegum, and he asende pa, and ofsloh ealle pa cild pe on Bethleem waeron, and on eallum hyre gemaerum, fram twy-wintrum cilde and binnan pam ; aefter paere tfde pe he geacsode n fram pam tungel-witegum. Da waes gefylled paet ge- 16 cweden waes purh Hieremfam pone witegan, Stefn waes on hehnysse gehyred, wop and mycel poterung ; Rachel weop hyre beam, and heo nolde beon gefrefrod, forpam io ]>e hi naeron. SoSlice pa Herodes waes foroTaren, wi- todlice on swefne Drihtnes engel aetywde Iosepe, on •20 iEgyptum, and pus cwaeS : Aris, and nim paet cild and his moder, and far on Israhela-land : nu synd foroTarene •2i 8e paes cildes sawle sohton. He aras pa, and onfeng paet ii cild and his moder, and com on Israhela-land. Da he gehyrde poet Archelaus rixode on Iudea peode, for paene MATTH. Chap. III. 3 Herodem, he ondred ]>yder to faranne : and, on swefnum gemyngod, he ferde on Galileisce daelas : and he com ]>a, 23 and eardode on ]>osre ceastre ]>e ys genemned Nazareth ; )>aet weere gefylled ]>eet gecweden wees Jmrh }>oue witegan, Forjmm ]>e he Nazarenisc byS genemned. Chapter III. On ]>am dagnm com Iohannes se Fulluhtere, and bo- 1 dode on ]>am westene Iudere, and cweeS : DoS daedbote : 2 soSlice gcnealaeceo" heofena rice. Dis ys se be pam J>e a gecweden ys jmrh Esaiam ]>one witegan, Clypiendes stefn waes on westene, GegearwiaS Dryhtnes weg, doS his si]>as rihte. Se Iohannes witodlice haefde reaf of olfenda I133- 4 rum, and fellenne gyrdel ymbe hys lendenu; and hys mete wees gasrstapan and wudu-hunig. Da ferde to him 5 Hierosolim-waru, and eal Iudea ]>eod, and eal J>aet rfce wiS-geondan Iordanen ; and hi waeron gefullode on lor- dane fram hym, and hi andetton heora synna. SoSlice 7 J>a he geseah manega paarasunder-halgena and ]>aera riht- wisendra to his fulluhte cumende, he cwae<5 to hym : La naeddrena cyn, hwa geswutelode eow to fleonne fram ftam toweardan yrre? Eornostlice, doS medemne waestm s psere daadbote ; and ne cwepao" betweox eow, We habbao" 9 Abraham us to feeder ; sofilice ic secge eow, Dtet God ys swa mihtig, paet he maeg of J>ysum stanum aweccan Abrahames beam. Eallunga ys seo sax to ptera treowa 10 wurt-ruman asett: eornustlice aelc treow, ]>e godne wtestm ne bringS, byS forcorfen, and on fyr aworpen. Witod- 11 lice ic eow fullige on wastere to dtedbote : se ]?e Eefter me toweard ys, he ys strengra fonne ic, Saes gescy ne eom ic wyr]>e to beranne : he eow fullaS on Halgum Gaste, and on fyre : ]>aes fann ys on his handa, and heafeormaS 12 his J>yrscel-flore, and he gegaderaS his hw&te on his bern ; b 2 i MATTH. Chap. IV. 13 )>a ceafu he forbaernft on linadwaescendlicum fyre. Da com se Haelend fram Galilea to Iordane to Iohanne, ]>aet n he hine fullode. Iohannes ]>a soSlice forbead him, and cwaeS : Ic sceal fram }>e beon gefullod, and Jm cymst to 15 me ? Da andswarode se Haelend hym, and cwaeS : Laet nu : ]>us unc gedafnatS ealle rihtwisnisse gefyllan. Da 16 forlet he hine. Soolice pa se Haelend gefullod waes, hraedlice he astah of ]>am waetere ; and him wurdon J>aer- rihte heofenas ontynede ; and he geseah Godes Gast niper-stigende, swa swa culfran, and wunigende ofer 17 hyne : and softlice ]>a com stefn of heofenum, and )>us cwaeS : Her ys min se gecorena sunu, on fam me geli- code. Chapter IV. i Da waes se Haelend gelaed fram gaste on westen, paet 2 he waere fram deofle costnod. And }>a(5a he faeste feo- wertig daga and feowertig nihta, J>a ongan hyne sySSan 3 hingrian. And fa genealaehte se costnigend, and cwaeS: Gyf Jm Godes Sunu sy, cweo" }>aet pas stanas to hlafe 4 geweorSon. Da andswarode se Haelend : Hit is awriten, Ne leofao' se man be hlafe anum, ac be aelcum worde J>e 5 of Godes mupe gee8. Da gebrohte se deofol hine on pa halgan ceastre, and asette hine ofer paes temples heah- e nesse, and cwaeS to him : Gif ]>u Godes Sunu eart, asend J>e }>onne nyper : softlice hyt ys awriten, Daet he his en- glum bebead be 8e, paet hig pe on hyra handum beron, 7 py-laes pe Sin fot aet stane aetsporne. Da cwaeft se Haelend eft to him : Hit ys awriten, Ne costna Su Drihten pinne s God. Eft se deofol hine genam, and laedde hine on swiSe heahne munt, and aeteowde hym ealle middan- o geardes rfcu, and heora wuldor ; and cwaeo" to him : Ealle pas ic sylle pe, gif Jm feallende to me geeadmetst. 10 Da cwaeo" se Haelend to him : Gang }>u, sceocca, on-base; MATTII. Chap. IV. 5 soSlice hit ys awriten, To Drihtne }>inum Gode pu Se geeadmetst, and him anum J»eowast. Da forlet se deofol 1 1 hine, and englas genealaehton, and him J>enodon. SoS- 12 lice ]>a se Haelend gehyrde }>aet Iohannes belaewed waes, J?a ferde he to Galileam ; and forlaetenre paere ceastre l.t Nazareth, he com and eardode on Capharnaum, on fam sae-gemaerum, on endum Zabulon and Neptalim ; ]>aet 14 wasre gef'ylled paet Se gecweden waes Jmrh Esaiam pone witegan, Zabulones eorSu and Neptalimes eorpe, sees 15 weg ofer Iordane, ]>ara )>eoda Galilea : ]>eoda folc, ]>e on ic Jjystrum saet, geseah mycel leoht; and sittendum on earde dea]>es scade ys leoht ttp-asprungen. SySSan 17 ongan se Haelend bodian, and cwepan : DoS daedbote, soSlice heofena rfce genealaecS. Da se Haelend eode is wiS 6a Galileiscan sae, he geseh twegen gebroSru, Si- monem, se wass genemned Petrus, and Andream his broker, sendende heora nett on }>a sae : soSlice hi waeron fisceras. And he saede heom : CumaS aefter me, and icdo 19 }>aet gyt beoS manna fisceras. And hi ]>Eer-rihte forleton 20 heora net, and him fyligdon. And ]>a he ]>anon eode, he 21 geseh twegen oSre gebroSru, Iacobum Zebedei and Io- hannem his broSer, on scype mid heora faader Zebedeo, remigende heora nett ; and he clypode hig. Hig ]>a sona 2a forleton heora nett and heora faeder, and him fyligdon. And ]>a beferde se Haelend ealle Galileam, laerende on 23 heora gesomnungum ; and he waes bodigende godspel ]>aes rfces, and haelende aelce adle and aelce untrumnysse on ]>am folce. And pa ierde hys hlfsa into ealle Syriam, 24 and hig brohton hym ealle yfel-haebbende missenlicum adlum, and on tintregnm gegripene, and ]>a, Se deofol- seocnessa haefdon, and monoS-seoce, and laman ; and he ]>d gehaelde. And him fyligdon mycele magnigeo fram -is Galilea, and fram Decapoli, and fram Hierusalem, and fram Iudea, and fram begeondan Iordanen. MARK, Chap. V. MARK, Chapter V. i Da comon hig ofer paere sdes muSan, on paet rfce Ge- 2 rasendrum. And him of scype gangendum, him sona agen am an man of pam byrgennm, on unclaanum gaste, 3 se hasfde on byrgennm scraef ; and hine nan man mid 4 racenteagum ne mihte gebindan ; forpam he oft, mid fdt-copsum and racenteagum gebunden, toslat pa racen- teaga, and pa fot-copsas tobraec ; and hyne nan man 5 gewyldan ne mihte. And synde, daeges and nihtes, he waes on byrgenum, and on muntum, hrymende, and hine fi sylfne mid stanum ceorfende. Softlice, pa he pone Hae- 7 lend feorran geseah, he arn, and hyne gebeed, and mycelre stemne hrymende, pus cwaeS : Eala maera Haelend, Godes Sunu, hwset ys me and pe ? Ic halsige pe, purh God, 8 paet pu me ne preage. Da cwaefr se Haelend : Eala pu 9 unelaena gast, ga of pysum men. Da acsode he hine : Hwaet ys pin naina ? Da cwaeS he : Min nama is Legio ; 10 forpani we manega synd. And he hine swyoe baed, paet u he hine of pam rfce ne nydde. Dar waes embe pone 12 munt mycel swyna heord laeswigende. And pa unclaenan gastas hine baedon, and cwaedon : Send us on pas swyn, ■3 paet we on hig gan. And palyfde se Haslend sona; and pa eodon pa unclaenan gastas on pa swyn ; and on my- clum hryre seo heord wearS on saa bescofen, tvva pu- ii sendo, and wurdon adruncene on paere sae. SoSlice pa pe hig heoldon flugon, and cyddon on paere ceastre, and on lande : and hig ut-eodon paet hig gesawon hvvaet paer ts geddn waere. And hig comon to pam Haelende, and hig gesawon pone pe mid deofle gedreht waes, gescrydne k; sittan, and hales modes; and hig him ondredon. And hig rehton him, pa Se hit gesawon, hu hit gedon waes be pam pe deofol-seocnesse haefde, and he pam swynuiu- MARK, Chap. V. 7 And hig ballon paet he of heora gemaerum fcM'de. Da u he on scyp eode, hine ongan biddan, se peaer mid deofle i* gedreht wass, paet he mid hym waere. Him J>a se lite- iu lend ne getipode ; ae. he ssede him : Ga to pinum huse, to pinum hi'vvum, and cyS Iieom, hu mycel Dryhten ge- dyde, and he gemiltsode pe. And he fa ferde, and ongan 20 bodian on Decapolim, hu Tela se Haelend him dyde : and hig ealle wundredon. And pa se Haelend eft on scype .■: ferde ofer pone mupan, hym com to mycel maenigeo; and waes embe pa sue. And pa com sum of heah-gesam- 22 nungum, lairus liatte ; and pa he hine geseah, he astrehte hine to liis fotum, and hine swype baad, and lie cwaeS : 23 Min dohter ys on ytemestum sipe ; cum and sete pine hand ofer hig, paet heo hal sy, and lybbe. Da ferde he 24 mid him ; and him fyligde mycel maenigeo, and prungon hine. And pa paet wi'f pe on blodes ryne twelf winter 25 waes, and fram manegum laecum fela pinga polode, and 2. daelde eall paet heo ahte, and hit naht ne fremede, ac waes pe wyrse ; pa heo be pain Haelende gehyrde, heo com >r wift-aeftan pa maenigeo, and his reaf aethran. SoSlice 26 heo cvvaeS : Gif ic furpon his reafes aethrihe, ic beo hal. And ]>a sona wear'5 hyre blodes ryne adruwod ; and heo 29 on hyre gefredde, paet heo of ]>am wfte gehaeled waes. And pa se Haelend oncneow on him sylfum, paet him 30 maegen of-eode, he cwaeS, bewend to paere maenigeo : Hwa aethran mine reaf? Da cwaedon his leorning- 31 cnyhtas : Du gesyhst pas maenigeo pe pringende, and pu cwyst : Hwa aethran me ? And pa beseah hine, paet he 32 gesawe pone pe paet dyde. Daet wiT pa, ondraedende and 33 forhtigende, com and astrehte hig beforan him, andsaede him eall paet riht. Da cwaeS se Haelend : Dohter, pin 34 geleafa pe hale gedyde ; ga pe on sibbe, and beo of pysum hal. Him pa gyt sprecendum, hig comon fram pain 3 1 heah-gesamnungum, and cwaedon : Din dohtor ys dead ; 8 MARK, Chap. XI. 36 hwi drecst pu leng pone lareow ? Da he gehyrde paet word, pa cwaeS se Haelend : Ne ondraed pu pe, gelyf for 37 an. And he ne let hym aenig ne fyligean, buton Petrum, 33 and Iacobum, and Iohannem Iacobes broSer. And hig comon on paes heah-ealdres hus, and he geseah mycel 39 gehlyd, wepende and geomrigende. And pa he in-eode he cwaeS : Hwi synd ge gedrefede and wepa5 ? nis pis 40 maeden dead, ac heo sleepS. Da taeldon hig hine. He pa, eallum ut-adrifenum, nam paes maedenes feeder and moder, and pa pe mid him waeron, and in-eodon suwi- 41 ende par paet maeden waes. And hyre hand nam, and cwaeft: Thalimtha cumi : paet ys, on ure gefeode gereht : 42 Maeden, ]>e ic secge, arfs. And heo sona aras and eode : soSlice heo wees twelf wintre. And ealle hig wundredon 43 mycelre wundrunge. And he hym pearle bebead, J>aet hig hyt nanum men ne sasdon : and he het hyre etan syllan. Chapter XI. i Da he genealaehte Hierusalem, and Bethanfa, to Oli- •z uetes dune, he sende hys twegen leorning-cnyhtas, and cwasS to him : FaraS to )>am castelle pe ongean fnc ys, and gyt |>aer sona gemeta<5 assan folan getigedne, ofer )>aene nan man gyt ne saet ; ungetigeaS hine, and to me 3 gelaedaft. And gif hwa to fnc hwaet cwyS, secgaS, Daet Drihten haefS hys neode ; and he hine sona hyder laet. 4 And pa hig ut-ferdon, hig gemetton pone folan ute on twycinan beforan dura, getigedne : pa untigdon hig hine. 5 And sume pe par stodon, pus saedon him : Hwaet do gyt r. pone folan untigende? Da cwaedon hig: Swase Haelend 7 unc bead. And hi leton hig pa. Da laeddon hig pone folan to pam Haelende, and hig heora reaf on-aledon ; 9 and he on-saet. Manega heora reaf on pone weg strehton ; sume pa bogas of pam treowum heowon, and streowedon MARK, Chap. XI. 9 on pone weg. And }>a fie beforan eodon, and pa Se after g folgodon, cwaadon pus : Osanna : Sy gebletsod se pe com on Dryhtnes naman : Sy gebletsod paet rice pe com ures ip feeder Dauides : Osanna, on heahnessura. And he eode n ]>a on Hierosolima tempi, and ealle ping he besceawode : Sa aefen tima waes, he ferde to Bethaniam, mid his twelf leorning-cnyhtum. And oprum daege, pa hig ferdon fram 12 Bethanfa, hine hingrode. Da he feorran geseah an fie- 13 treow pe leaf haefde, he com, and sohte hwaeper he par-on aht funde: pa he him to com, ne funde he paer buton leaf ane ; soSlice hit waes paes fic-treowes tima. Da 14 ewaefi he: Heonon-forS on ecnesse ne ete aenig man waestm of <5e. And hys leorning-cnyhtas paet gehyrdon. Da comon hig eft to Hierusalem ; and pa he on paet tempi 15 eode, he ongan drifan of pam temple syllende and bic- gende ; and mynetera procu, and heah-setlu pe 5a culfran cypton he tobraec ; and he ne gepafode paet aenig man ie asnig faet purh paet tempi baere. And he pa lasrende, pus w cwaeS to him : Nys hit awriten, past min hus fram eallum peodum biS genemned gebed-htis? soSlice ge dydon paet to sceapena scraefe. Da paera sacerda ealdras and pa is boceras pis gehyrdon, hig pohton hu hig hyne forspildon ; peh hig him ondredon hine ; forpam eall seo maenigeo wundrode be his lare. And pa hit aefen waes, he eode ig of paere ceastre. On mergen, pa hig ferdon, hig gesawon 20 paet fic-treow forscruncen of pam wyrt-ruman. Da cwae<5 21 Petrus : Lareow, loca hu forscranc paet fic-treow pe pu wyrigdest. Da cwseS se Haelend, him andswarigende : 22 Habbao" Godes truwan. Ic secge eow to sope, Swa 23 hwyle swa cwyfi to pisum munte, Sig pu afyrred, and on sae aworpen ; and on his heortan ne tweonafi, ac gelyfS ; swa hwaet swa he cwyS, Geweorfie pis, paet gewyrfi. For- 24 pam ic eow secge, Swa hwaet swa ge gyrnende biddaS, gelyfao* paet ge hit onfo8, and hit eow becymS. And 25 v 5 10 LUKE, Chap. It ponne ge standaS eow to gebiddanne, forgifaS, gif ge hwset agen senige habbaS ; paet eow eower synna forgife 26 eower heofenlica Faeder, se pe on heofenum ys. Gyf ge ne forgyfaS, ne eow eower synna ne forgyfS eower 2r Faeder, pe on heofonum ys. Da com he eft to Hieru- salem ; and pa he on pam temple eode, hym to genea- 2S laehton pa heah-sacerdas, and boceras, and ealdras, and bus cwaedon : On hwylcum anwealde dest pu pas ping ? 29 and hwa sealde pe pysne anweald, paet pu pys do ? Da cwaeS se Haelend : And ic acsige eow anre spruce ; andswariaS ine, and ic secge eow ponne on hwylcum an- 30 wealde ic pys do. Hwaeper waes Iohannes fulluht. be of 31 heofone, pe of mannum ? andswariaS me. Da bohton lii, and cwaedon betweox heom : Gif we secgaS, Of 32 heofone ; he secgS us : Hwi ne gelyfde ge him ? Gif we secgaS, Of mannum ; we ondraedaS bis folc : ealle 33 liig hsefdon Iohannem paet he wsere soSlice witega. Da andswaredon hig pam Haelende, and cwaedon : We nyton. Da cwaeS se Haelend : Ne ic eow ne secge on hwylcum anwealde ic pas Sing do. LUKE, Chapter II. i SoSlice on pain dagum waes geworden gebod fram pain Casere Augusto, paet eall ymb-hwyrft wsere to-mearcod. 2 Deos to-mearcodnys waes aerest geworden fram pam 3 deman Syrige Cirfno. And ealle hig eodon, and syndrie 4 ferdon on heora ceastre. Da ferde Iosep fram Galilea of paere ceastre Nazareth, on Iudeisce ceastre Dauides, seo ys genemned Bethleem ; forpam pe he waes of 5 Dauides huse and hirede : paet he ferde mid Marfan pe n him beweddod waes, and waes geeacnod. SoSlice waes geworden, pa hig peer woeron, hyre dagas waeron gefyl- 7 lede paet heo cende. And heocendehyre frumcennedan LUKE, Chap. II. U Sunu, and hyne raid cild-cla'pum bewand, and hyne on binne alelde ; forpam pe hig najfdon rum on cumena-huse. And hyrdas waaron on pain ylcan rfce waciende, and s niht-waeccan healdende ofer heora heorda. Da stdd 9 Dryhtnes engel wiS big, and Godes beorhtnes hym ymbe scan: and liig him rayclum ege ondredon. And se engel 10 him to cwaao" : Nelle ge eow ondraadan. SoSlice nu ic eow bodie mycelne gefean, se biS eallum folce. Forpam 1 1 to-daag eow ys Haalend acenned, se ys Dryhten Crist, on Dauides ceastre. And pis tacen eow byS : Ge gemetaS 12 an cild hraeglum bewunden, and on binne aled. And pa 13 waes faaringa geworden mid pam engle mycelnes.heofen- lices weredes, God heriendra and pus cwependra : Gode 14 sy wuldor on heahnysse, and on eorpan sybb, mannum godes willan. And hit wass geworden, pa 8a englas to 15 heofene ferdon, pa hyrdas him betwynan spraacon, and cwaadon : Uton faran to Bethleem, and geseon paat word pe geworden ys, past Dryhten us aatywde. And hig 16 efstende comon, and gemetton Marfan and Iosep, and past eild on binne aled. Da hig paat gesawon, pa oncneowon ir hig be pam worde pe hym gesaad waas be pam cilde. And ia ealle <5a pe gehyrdon, wundredon be pam pe him pa hyrdas saadon. Marfa geheold ealle pas word, on hyre 19 heortan smeagende. Da gewendon ham pa hyrdas, God 20 wuldriende and heriende on eallum pam Se hig gehyr- don and gesawon, swa to him gecweden waes. JEi'ter 21 pam Se ehta dagas gef'yllede waaron, poet paat cild einb- snyden waare, his nania webs HjKlend, se waes fram engle genemned, aar he on innoSe geeacnod waare. And 22 aafter pam pe hyre claansunge dagas gefyllede waeron, aefter Moyses aa, hig laaddon hyne on Hierusalem, paet hig hyne Gode gesetton ; swa swa on Dryhtnes aaawriten ys: 2a Daat aelc waapned gecynde-lfm ontynende, byS Dryhtne halig genemned; and paat hig offrunge sealdon, aefter jm 12 LUKE, Chap. II. pam pe Dryhtnes aa gecweden ys, Twa turtlan, o]>]>e 25 twegen culfran-briddas. And pa waes an man on Hie- rusalem, paes nama woes Simeon ; and pes man waes rihtwis, and o<5 Israhela froferge-anbidiende : and Halig 2fi Gast him on waes. And he andsware fram pam Halgan Gaste onfeng, paet he deaS ne gesawe, buton he aer 27 Dryhten Crist gesawe. And on Gaste he on paet tempel com. And pa hys magas laeddon pone Haelend, paet hig 28 for hym aefter paere as gewunan dydon, he onfeng hyne 29 mid hys handum, and God bletsode, and cwaaS, Dryhten, nu pu laetst pinne peow, aefter pinum worde, on sibbe : 3 , forpam mine eagan gesawon pine haele, (5a pu geearwo- 32 dest beforan ansyne ealra folca ; leoht to peoda awrige- 33 nesse, and to pines folces wuldre Israhel. Da waes hys faeder and his moder wundriende be pam pe be hym 34 gesaede w&eron. And pa bletsode hig Simeon, and cwaeS to Marfan his meder : Loca nu, pes ys on hryre and on aeryst aset manegra on Israhel ; and on tacen pam Se 35 wift-cvveden byS ; (and hys sweord pine sawle purh-faerft,) 36 paet gepohtas syn awrigene of manegum heortum. And Anna waas witegestre, Fanueles dohtor, of Asseres niaegSe : peos wunede maenigne daeg, and heo lyfede 37 mid hyre were seofen gear of hyre faemnhade ; and heo waes wuduwe oS feower and hund-eahtatig geara, seo of pam temple ne gewat, daeges and nihtes peowigende on 38 laestenum and on halsungum. And peos paere tide be- cumende, Dryhtne andette, and be him spraec eallum 3i» pam pe ge-anbidedon Hierusalem alysednesse. And pa hig ealle ping gefyldon, aefter Drihtnes ae, hig gehvvurfon 40 on Galileam, on heora ceastre Nazareth. SoSlice paet cild weox, and waes gestrangod wfsdomes full; and Godes 4i gyfu waes on hym. And his magas ferdon aelce gere to 42 Hierusalem, on Easter-daeges freols-tfde. And pa he waes twelf vtintre, hy foron to Hierusalem, to pam Easter- JOHN, Chap. III. 13 lican freolse, aefter heora gewunan. And gefylledum m dagum, pa lug ongean-gehwurfon, belaf se Haelend on Hierusalem ; and hys magas paet nyston : wendon paet 44 he on heora gefere wasre. Da comon hig anes daeges faer, and hyne sohton betweox his magas and his cuftan. Da hig hyne ne fundon, hig gewendon to Hierusalem, 45 hine secende. Da aefter prim dagum, hig fundon hine on 46 ]>am temple, sittende on middan J?am lareowum, hlystende and hig acsigende. Da wundredon hig ealle pe gehyrdon 47 be his gleawscype and his andswaruin. Da cwset5 his 4s moder to hym : Sunu, hwi dydest pu unc pus ? Jrin faeder and ic sarigende pe sohton. Da cwaeo* he to hym : Hwaet 40 ys ]>33t gyt me sohton ? nyste gyt paet me gebyrab* to beonne on pam pingum pe mines Faeder synd ? Da ne 50 ongeaton lug paet word pe he to hym spraec. Da ferde 51 he mid hym, and com to Nazareth, and waes hym under- )>eod, and his moder geheold ealle pas word, on hyre heoitan smeagende. And se Haelend peah on wfsdome 52 and on ylde, and mid gyfe Gode and mid mannum. JOHN, Chapter III. So<51ice sum Phariseisc man waes genemned Nichode- 1 mus, se waes Iudea ealdor. pes com to him on niht, and -i cwaeS to him : Rabbf (paet is, Lareow), we witon paet pu come fram Gode : ne maeg niin man pas tacn wyrcan pe flu wyrcst, buton God beo mid him. Se Haelend him 3 andswarode, and cwaeS : Soft ic pe secge, Buton hwa beo edniwan gecenned, ne maeg he geseon Godes rice. Da cwaeS Nichodemus to hym : Hu maeg man beon eft 4 acenned, ponne he byfi eald ? cwyst pu maeg he eft cuman on hys moder innoS, and beon eft acenned ? Se Haelend 5 hym andswarode, and cwaeo" : Soft ic pe secge, Buton hwa beo ge-edcenned of waetere and of Halgum Gaste, ne 14- JOHN, Chap. III. 6 mseg he in-faran on Godes rfce. Dset pe acenned is (jf flaesce, ]>aet is flaesc ; and J>aet pe of Gaste is acenned, J>aet 7 is gast. Ne wundra Jm, forparu pe ic saede pe, Eow ge- s byra<5 Jjaet ge beon acennede edniwan. Gast oreftafi paer he wile, and Jm gehyrst his stefne, and pu nast hwanon he cymS, ne hvvyder he gee<5 : svva is aelc pe 9 acenned is of Gaste. Da andswarode Nichcdemus, and 10 cwaeS : Hu magon ]>as J>ing ]?us geweorSan ? Se Hselend andswarode, and cwaeo" to him : Du eart lareow Israhela ii folce, and )m nast ]>as Jung? SoS ic pe secge, paet we sprecaS ]>aet we witon, and we cySaS ]>aet we gesawon ; 12 and ge ne underfoS ure cySnesse. Gyf ic eow eor<51ice J>ing saede, and ge ne gelyfaS, humeta gelyfe ge, gif ic 13 eow heofenlice ]>ing secge ? And nan man ne astihS to heofenum, buton se}>e nySer com of heofenum, mannes 14 Sunu, se]>e com of heofenum. And swa Moyses pa. naeddran up-ahof of fara westene, swa gebyraS )>aet is mannes Sunu beo up-ahafen; }>aet nan paera ne for- weorSe pe on hyne gelyfS, ac hoebbe }>aet ece Iff. 16 God lufode middan-eard, swa past he sealde his an-cen- nedan Sunu, ]>set nan ne forweorSe pe on hine gelyfS, ac 17 haebbe paet ece Iff. Ne sende God his Sunu on middan- eard, )>set he demde middan-earde ; ac past middan-eard is sy gehaeled ]mrh hine. Ne bi5 j>am gedemed pe on hine gelyfS : se pe ne gelyfS, him bifi gedemed ; for)>an pe he ne gelyfde on pone naman Joes an-cennedan Godes i9 Suna. Daet is se dum, }?aet leoht com on middan-eard, and men lufedon Jjystro swySor ponne ]>»3t leoht : heora 20 weorc waeron yfele. IE\c J>aera pe yfele de8, hataS }>aet leoht ; and he ne cymS to leohte, }>aet his weorc ne syn 2i gerihtlamte. Witodlice se pe wyrcft soSfaestnysse cymS to }>am leohte, paet his weorc syn geswutelode, forpain pe 22 hig synd on Gode gedone. JEfter pyssum com se Hae- lend and hisleoming-cnyhtasto Iudea-lande,and wunede JOHN, Chap. XV. 15 paer mid hym, and i'ullode. And Iohannes i'ullode on -21 K11011 wiS Sali'm, forpam pe paer waeron manega waetro. And hig togaedere comon, and waeron gefullode. Da 24 gyt nses Iohannes gedon on c wear tern. Da smeadon 25 Iohannes leorning-cnyhtas and pa Iudeas be pa?re claan- sunge ; and comon to Iohanne, and cwsedon to him : ae Rabbf, se Se mid pe waes begeondan Iordane, be pam pu cyftdest gewitnesse, nu he fullaS, and ealle hig cumaS to him. Iohannes andwyrde, and cwyeft : Ne maeg man 1-. nan ping underfdn, buton hit beo him of heofenum ge- seald. Ge sylfe me synd to gewitnesse, paet ic soede, 2s Neom ic Crist, ac ic com asend beforan hine. Se oe 20 bryde hseffi, se is bryd-guma: se Se is paes bryd-guman freond, and stent and gehyrS hyne, mid gefean he ge- blissaS for paes bryd-guman stefne : pes min gefea is ge- fylled. Hit gebyrap paet he weaxe, and paet ic wanige. jo Se pe ufenan com, se ys ofer ealle: se pe of eorpan ys, 31 se sprycS be eorpan : se pe of heofone com, se ys ofer ealle. And he eyS poet he geseah and gehyrde : and z-i nan man ne unclerfehS his cySnesse. Somice se pe his 33 cyftnesse underfehS, he getacnaS paet God ys sobfaestnes. Se pe God sende sprycb Codes word : ne sylS God pone 34 Gast be gemete. Feeder lufab pone Sunu, and sealde 35 ealle ping on his hand. Se pe gelyfS on Sunu, se haefb 30 ece Iff: se pe pam Suna is ungeleaffull, negesyhS he Iff; ac Godes yrre wunaS ofer hine. Chapter XV. Ic eom so<5 wfn-eard, and min Feeder ys eorb'-tilia. 1 He deb aelc twig aweg on me pe blaeda ne byrS ; and he 1 feormab a?lc paera pe blaeda byrS, paet hyt bere blaeda pe swipor. Nu ge synd claene for poere spraece pe icto eow 3 spraec. Wuniab on me, and ic on eow. Swa twig ne 4 16 JOHN, Chaf. XV. maeg blaeda beran him-sylf, buton hit wunige on win- earde, swa ge ne magon eac, buton ge wunion on me. 5 Ic eom wfn-eard, and ge synd twigu : Se ]>e wunao" on me, and ic on him, se byrS mycle blaeda : for}>am ge ne e magon nan ping don butan me. Gif hwa ne wunaS on me, he byS aworpen lit swa twig, and fordruwafi ; and 7 hig gaderiaS J>a, and doS on fyr, and hig forbyrnaS. Gif ge wuniaS on me, and mine word wuniao* on eow, bid- s daS swa hwaet swa ge wyllon, and hyt byS eower. On para ys min Faeder geswutelod, ]>aet ge beron mycle 9 blaeda, and beon mine leorning-cnyhtas. And ic lufode 10 eow swa Faeder lufode me : wuniati on minre lufe. Gif ge mine bebodu gehealdaS, ge wuniao" on minre lufe ; swa ic geheold mines Feeder bebodu, and ic wunige on li hys lufe. Das ]>ing ic eow saede, paet min gefea sy on 12 eow, and eower gefea sy gefullod. Dis is min bebod, 13 ]>aet ge lufion eow gemaenelice, swa ic eow lufode. NaefS nan man maran lufe jjonne feos ys, ]>aet hwa sylle his Iff u for his freondum. Ge synd mine frynd, gif ge do(5 pa. 15 ]»ing ]>e ic eow bebeode. Ne telle ic eow to Jjeowan ; for]>am se jieowa nat hwaet se hlaford de$ : ic tealde eow to freondum ; forpam ic cySde eow ealle }>a ]>ing J?e ic 16 gehyrde aet minum Faeder. Ne gecure ge me, ac ic geceas eow, and ic sette eow, )>aet ge gan and blaeda beron, and eowre blaeda gelaeston ; ]>aet Faeder sylle eow 17 swa hwaet swa ge biddaS on minum naman. Das ]?ing 13 ic eow beode, }>aet ge lufion eow gemaenelice. Gif mid- dan-eard eow hatao", witao 1 ]>aet he hatede me aer eow. 19 Gif ge of middan-earde waeron, middan-eard lufode })aet his waes : forjiam ]>e ge ne synd of middan-earde, ac ic eow geceas of middan-earde, for]>ig middan-eard eow 2n hataS. GemunaS minre spraece ]>e ic eow saede, Nis se peowa maerra ponne his hlaford. Gif hig me ehton, hig wyllaS ehtan eower: gif hig mine spraece heoldon, hig 23 21 JOHN, Chap. XV. 17 healdao eac eovvre. Ac ealle pas ping hig dofi eow for 21 minum naman ; forpam pe hig ne cunnon J>one pe me sende. Gif ic ne come, and to him ne spraace, naefdon hig 22 mine synne : nu hig nabbao 1 nane lade be heora synne. Se pe me hatao" hatao" minne Faeder. Gif ic nane weorc ne worhte on him, pe nan ofter ne worhte, naefdon hig nane synne : nu hig gesawon, and hig hatedon aegSer ge me, ge minne Faeder. Ac paet seo spraec sy gefylled 25 pe on hyra & awriten ys, Dast hig hatedon me buton gewyrhtum. ponne se Frefriend cyniS, pe ic eow sende 26 fram Faeder, softfaestnysse Gast, ]>e cymS fram Faeder, he cyS gewitnesse be me : and ge cyoaS gewitnesse, 27 forpam ge waeron fram fruman mid me. 18 COLLOQUIUM, ad Pueros Lingua Latince Locutione exercendos, ab ^Elfrico primum compilation, et deinde, ab JElfrico JBata, ejus Discipulo, auctum ; LATINE ET SAXONICE. We cildra biddaj? >e, eala Lareow, J?aet bu taece us sprecan D. Nos pueri rogamus te, Magister, ut doceas nos loqui * [rihte],for}>amungelaerede we syndon, and gewaeimnodlice Latialiter recte, quia idiotae sumus, et corrupte we sprecaj>. loquimur. Hwaet wille ge sprecan ? M. Quid vultis loqui ? Hwaet rece we hwaet we sprecan, buton hit riht spraec D. Quid curamus quid loquamur, nisi * recta locutio sy, and behefe, naes idel, obj>e fracod ? sit, et utilis, non anilis, aut turpis? Wille [ge beon] beswungen on leornunge? 31. Vultis flagellari in discendo ? Leofre ys us beon beswungen for lare, ^aenne hit ne D. Carius est nobis flagellari pro doctrina, quam ne- cunnan ; ac we witun be bilewitne wesan, and nellan onbelaedan scire ; sed sciraus te mansuetuin esse, et nolle inferre swincgla us, buton }>u hi to-genydd fram us. plagas nobis, nisi cogaris a nobis. Ic axie \>e hwaet * sprycst )>u ? Hwaet haefst J?u weorkes ? M. Interrogo tequid mihi loqueris? Quid habes operis? Ic eom geanwyrde monuc, and ic sincge aelce daeg seofon D. Professus sum monachum, et psallo omni die septem tida mid gebrobrum, and ic eom bysgod [on raedinge] and synaxes cum fratribus, et occupatus sum lectionibus et on sange ; ac, beah-hwaebere, ic wolde betwenan leornian spre- cantu ; sed tamen vellem interim discere sermoci- can on Leden gereordc. nari Latina lingua. JELFIUCI COLLOQUIUM. 19 Ilwaet cumion has bine geferan ? M. Quid sciuQt isti tui socii ? Sume synt yrbhnegas, sume sccp-hyrdas, sume oxan-hyrdas, D. Alii sunt aratores, alii opiliones, quidam bubulci, sume eac swylce himtan, sume fisceras, sume fugeleras, quidam etiam venatores, alii piscatores, alii aucupes, sume cypmemi, sume sceo-wjThtan, [sume] sealteras, quidam mercatores, quidam sutores, quidam salinatores, [sume] baeceras. * quidam pistores loci. Hwaet saegest J>u, Yrblingc, bu begacst bu weorc bin ? M. Quid dicis tu, Arator, quomodo exerces opustuum? Eala, leof hlaford, bearle ic deorfe ; ic ga ut on daegraed, A. O, mi domine, niinium laboro ; exeo diluculo, bywende oxan" to felda, and jugie bi to syl : nys minando boves ad campum, et jungo eos ad aratrum: non hyt swa stearc winter b^et ic durre lutian act ham, for ege est tarn aspera hyems ut audeam latere do-mi, praa tiniore ldafordes mines ; ac geiukodan oxan, and gefaestuodon sceare and domini mei ; sed junctis bobus, et contirmato vomere et cultre mid h^ere syl, aelce daeg ic sceal erian fulne aecer b cultro aratro, omni die debeo arare integrum agrum, ohhe mare, aut plus. Haefst hu aenigne geferan ? M. Habes aliquem socium? Ic haebbe sumne cnapan b} 7 wende oxan mid gad- A. Habeo quendam puerum minantem boves cum sti- isene, be eac swylce nu has ys, for cylde and mulo, qui etiam modo raucus est, prae frigore et hreame. elamatione. Hwaet mare dest bu on daeg ? M. Quid amplius facis in die? Gewyslice bfcnne mare ic do. Ic sceal fyllan binuan A. Certe adhuc plus i'acio. Uebeo implere praBsepia a .MS. Oxon. b MS. aaber. 20 iELFRICI COLLOQUIUM. oxan mid hig, and waeterian hig, and scearn heora beran bourn fceno, et adaquare eos, et firaum eorum portare ut. foras. Hig, hig, micel gedeorf ys hit ! M. O, O, magnus labor est! Ge leof, micel gedeorf hit ys, forbam ic neom freoh. A. Etiam, magnus labor est, quia non sum liber. [Hwaet segst bu,]Sceap-herde ? Haefst bu aenig gedeorf? 31. Quid dicis tu, Opilio? Habes tualiquemlaborem? Gea, leof, ic haebbe ; on forewerdne morgen ic drife sceap mine O. Etiam, habeo ; in primo mane mino oves meas to heora lease, and stande ofer hig, on haite and on cyle, mid ad * pascua, et sto super eas, in sestu et frigore,cum bundum, be-laes wulfas forswelgen big, and ic agen laede hig to heora canibus, ne lupi devorent eas, et reduco eas ad * loca, and melke hig tweowa on daeg, and loca heora ic haebbe caulas, et mulgeo eas bis in die, et caulas earum moveo baerto, and cyse and buteran ic do, and ic eom getrywe hla- insuper, et caseum et butyrum facio, et sum ndelis do- forde minon. mino meo. Eala, Oxan-hyrde, hwaet wyrcst bu ? 31. O, Bubulce, quid operaris tu ? Eala, blaford min, micel ic gedeorfe : f>aenne se yrblingc B. O, domine mi, multum laboro : quando arator unseen)? baoxan, ic leede hig to laese, and ealle niht disjungit boves, ego duco eos ad pascua, et tota nocte ic stande ofer hig waciende for beofan, and eft, on aerne sto super eos vigilando propter 1'ures, et iterum, primo mergen, ic betaece hig bam yijJincge, wel gefylde and gewaeterode. mane, adsigno eos aratori, bene pastos et adaquatos. Ys bes of binum geferum ? M. Est iste ex tuis sociis ? Gca he ys. D. Etiam est. Canst bu amig bing? 31. Scis tu aliquid ? JELVlllCl COLLOQUIUM. 21 yEnne craeft ic cann. V. Unam artem scio. Hwylcne a ? 31. Qualis est? Hunta ic eom. V. Venator sum. Hwaes ? 31. Cujus? Cincges. V. Regis. Hu beg.tst hu craeft binne ? 31. Quomodo exerces artem tuam ? Ic brede me max, and sette hig on stowe gehseppre, and V. Plecto mihi retia, et pono ea in loco apto, et getihte hundas mine, baot wildeor hig eliton, ob \>xt \>e hig cu- instigo canes meos, ut feras persequantur, usquequo per- man to bam nettan unforsceawodlice, bait hig swa beon begrynode, veniant ad retia improvise, et sic inretientur, and ic ofsleah hig on )>am maxum. etegojugulo eos in retibus. Ne canst \>u huntian buton mid nettum ? M. Nescis venari nisi cum retibus? Gea, butan nettum huntian ic maeg. V. Etiam, sine retibus venari possum. Hu ? M. Quomodo? Mid swiftum hundum ic betaece wildeor, V. Cum velocibus canibus insequor feras. Hwylce wildeor swyhost gefehst J>u ? 31. Quales feras maxime capis ? Ic gefeo heortas, and haras, and rann, and ragan, and V. Capio cervos, et apros, et damas, et capreas, et hwilon haran. aliquando lepores. Wa5re \>u to daeg on huntnolde b ? 31. Fuisti hodie in venatione ? ■ MS. hwylcne ys. b huntnofte ? 22 iELFRICI COLLOQUIUM. Ic nies, forbam sunnan-dacg ys, ac gyrstan-daeg ic was V. Non fui, quia dominicus dies est, sed heri fui on huntunge. in venatione. Hwaet gela?htest bu ? 31. Quid cepisti? Twegen heortas and senne bar. V. Duos cervos et unura aprum. Hu gefencge }>u liig ? 31. Quomodo cepisti eos? Heortas ic gefenge on nettum, and bar ic ofsloh. V. Cervos cepi in retibus, et aprum jugulavi. Hu -wacre hu dyrstig ofstikian bar ? 31. Quomodo fuisti ausus jugulare aprum ? Hundas bedrifon hyne to me, and ic baer, togeanes V. Canes perduxerunt eum ad me, et ego * e contra standende, faerlice ofstikode byne. stans, subito jugulavi eum. Swibe bryste bu wscre ba. 31. Valde audax fuisti tunc. Ne sceal hunta forhtfull wesan, forbam mislice V. Non debet venator formidolosus esse, quia variae wildeor wuniaj? on wudum. bestiae morantur in sylvis. Ilwa-t dest bu be binre huntunge ? 31. Quid facis de tua venatione ? Ic sylle cync swa hvvsct swa ic gefo, forbam ic eora hunta V. Ego do regi quicquid capio, quia sum venator hys. ejus. Hwsct sylb he be ? 31. Quid dat ipse tibi ? He scryt me wel and fett, and hwilon he sylb me V. Vestit me bene et pascit, et aliquando dat mihi hors, obbe beah, baet be lustlicor craft minne ic begancge. equum, aut armillam, ut libentius artem meam exerceam. Ilwylcne craeft canst bu ? 31. Qualem artem scis tu ? ^LFRICI COLLOQUIUM. 23 Ic eom fiscerc. P. Ego sum piscator. Hweet begytst bu of binum cracfte ? 31. Quid adquiris de tua arte ? Bigleofan, and scrud, and feoh. P. Victum, et vestitum, et pecuniam. Iln gefehst bu fixas ? 31. Quomodo capis pisces ? Ic astigie min scyp, and wyrpe max mine on ea, and P. Conscendo navem, et pono retia mea in amne, et angil (ajsj ic wyrpe and spyrtan, and swa hwaet swa hig gehseftab hainuin projicio et sportas, et quicquid ceperint ic genime. sumo. Hwaet gif hit unclsene bcob fixas ? 31. Quid si immundi fuerint pisces? Ic wyrpe ba unclauian ut, and genime me claene P. Ego projiciara inunundos foras, et sumo mihi mundos to mete. in escam. Hwaer cy^pst bu fixas bine ? 31. Ubi vendis pisces tuos ? On ceastre. P. In civitate. Hwa bigb hi ? 31. Quis emit illps ? Ceasterwara. Ic ne mseg swa fela [gefon] swa fela swa P. Gives. Non possum tot capere quot ic maeg gesyllan. possum vendere. Hwilce fixas gefehst bu ? 31. Quales pisces capis ? i£las, and hacodas, mynas, and acleputan, sceotan, P. Anguillas, et lucios, menas, et capitones, tructos, and lampredan, and swa hwylce swa on waetere swymmab sprote. et muraenas, et qualescunque in amne natant salu a . a I am unable to explain salu otherwise than by supposing it may 24. ;elfrici colloquium. For hwi ne fixast \>u on see ? M. Cur non piscaris in mari ? Hwilon ic do, ac seldon, for^am micel rewyt P. Aliquando facio, sed raro, quia magnum navigium me ys to sae. mihi est ad mare. Hwaet fehst \>u on sse? M. Quid capis in mari ? Ha?rincgas and leaxas, mere-swyn and stirian, [ostran] and P. Aleces et isicios, delphinos et sturias, ostreas et crabban, muslan, pinewinclan, sae-coccas, fagc, and cancros, musculos, torniculos, neptigallos, platesias, et floe, and lopystran, and fela swylces. platissas, et polypodes, et [multa] similia. Wilt bu fon sumne hwael ? M. Vis capere aliquem cetum? Nic. P. Nolo. For hwi ? M. Quare? ForJ>am* plyhtlic )>ingc hit ys gefon hwsel. Gebeorhlicre P. Quia periculosa res est capere cetum. Tutius [ys] me faran to ea, mid scype mynum b , heenne faran mid est mihi ire ad amnem, cum nave mea quam ire cum manegum scypum, on huntunge hranes. multis navibus, in venationem balenae. For hwi swa ? 31. Cur sic ? For^am leofre ys me gefon fisc }>ame ic maeg P. Quia carius est mihi capere piscem quern possim ofslean, \>t na \>xt an me, ac eac swylce mine geferan, occidere, qui non solum me, sed etiam meos socios, mid anum siege, he masg besencean obbe gecwTlman. uno ictu, potest mergere aut mortificare. be an error for salice. In the St. John's MS. the sentence ends with not ant. "■ MS. Forhwan. b MS. mvnan. iELFRICI COLLOQUIUM. 25 And bean, maenige gefob hwaelas, and actberstab frecnyssa, 31. Et tamen, multi capiunt cetos, et evadunt pericula, and micelne sceat hanon begytab. et magnum pretiura inde acquirunt. Sob bu segst, ac ic ne gebristige, for modes mines P. Verum dicis, sed ego non audeo, propter mentis meas nytenysse. ignaviam. Hwaet segst bu, Fugelere ? Hu beswicst bu fugelas ? M. Quid dicis tu, Auceps? Quomodo decipis aves? On feala wisan ic beswice fugelas ; hwilon mid netton, A. Multis modis decipio aves ; aliquando retibus, [hwilon] mid grinum, [hwilon] mid lime, [hwilon] aliquando laqueis, aliquando glutino, aliquando mid hwistlunge, [hwilon] mid hafoce, [hwilon] mid treppan. sibilo, aliquando accipitre, aliquando decipula. Haefst i>u hafoc ? M. Habes accipitrem ? Ic haebbe. A. Habeo. Canst bu temian hig ? M. Scis tu domitare eos ? Gea, ic cann. Hwaet sceoldon hig me, buton ic cube A. Etiam, scio. Quid deberent mihi, nisi scireni temian hig ? domitare eos ? Syle me aonne hafoc. V. Da mihi accipitrem. Ic sylle lustlice, gyf b^i sylst me u us ? 31. Quales res adducis nobis ? Paellas, and sidan, deorwyrJ>e gymmas, and gold, Mer. Purpuram, et sericum, pretiosas gemmas, et aurum, selcube reaf, and wyrtgemangc, win and ele, ylpes-ban, and varias vestes, et pigmenta, vinum, et oleum, ebur, et maestlingc, acr, and tin, swefel, and ghes, and ^ylces aurichalcum, aes, et stannum, sulphur, et vitrum, et his fela. similia. Wilt J>u syllan J>ingc bine her, ealswa J>u hi gebohtest \>«x ? 31. Vis vendere res tuas hie, sicut emisti illic?' Ic nelle. Ilwaet bamne me fremode gedeorf min ? A c 31er. Nolo. Quid tunc mihi proticit labor meus r Sed ic wylle heora cypan her luflicor bonne [ic] gebicge bser, baet volo * vendere hie carius quain emi illic, ut sum gestreon me ic begyte, banon ic me afede, and aliquod lucrum mihi adquiram, unde me pascam, et min wif, and minne sunu. uxorem, et hlium. pu, Sceowyrhta, hwast wyrcst bu us nytwyrjmesse ? 31. Tu, Sutor, quid operaris tu nobis utilitatis ? Ys witodlice craeft min behefe bearle eow, and neodbearf. S. Est quidem ars mea utilis valde vobis, et necessana. Hu? 31. Quomodo? Ic bicge hyda, and fell, and gearkie lug mid craefte S. Ego emo cutes, et pelles, et praeparo eas arte minon, and wyrce of him gescy mistlices cynnes ; swyft- mea, et facio ex iis calceamenta diversi generis ; sub- leras, and sceos, leber-hosa, and butericas, bridel-twancgas and talares, et ficones, caligas, et utres, frenos, et geraeda, and flaxan (pinnan) and higdifatu, spnr-lebera, and phaleras, et flascones, et calidilia, calcuria, et c2 28 ^LFRICI COLLOQUIUM. h;elftra, pusan, and faetelsas, and nan eower nele oferwintran chamos, peras, et marsupia, et nemo vestrum vult hiemare butan minon craefte. sine mea arte. [Eala], Sealtere, hw;et us fremab crreft bin? 31. O, Salinator, quid nobis proficit ars tua? pearle fremab crseft min eow eallum : nan S. Multum prodest ars mea vobis omnibus : nemo eower blisse brycb on gereorduncge, obbe mete, buton craeft vestrum gaudio fruitur in prandio, aut ccena, nisi ars min gistlipe him beo. mea hospita ei fuerit. Hu? 31. Quomodo? Hwylc manna werodura burhbryeb mettuni, buton swaecce S. Quis hominum dulcibusperfruitur cibis, sine sapore sealtes? Hwa gefylb cleafan his, obbe hedderne, buton salis? Quis replet cellaria sua, sive promtuaria, sine craefte minon ? Efne, buter-gebweor aelc and cys-gerunn losab arte mea? Ecce, butyrum omne et caseus pereunt eow, buton ic hyrde aetwese eow, be ne furbon an wyr- vobis, nisi ego custos adsim vobis, qui nee saltern oleri- tum eowrum, butan me, brucab. bus vestris, sine me, utimini. [Hwaet segst bu,] Bsecere ? Hwam fremab [craeft bin,] obbe 31. Quid dicis tu, Pistor? Cui prodest ars tua, aut hwaeber, butan be, we magon lif adreogan ? si sine te, possimus vitam ducere? Ge magon [witodlice,] b«i"h sum fasc, butan [minon P. Potestis quidem, per aliquod spatium, sine mea Craefte, lif adreogan, ac] na lancge, ne to wel ; soblice, arte, vitam ducere, sed non diu, nee adeo bene; nam, butan crsefte minon, selc beod aemtig byb gesewen, and, sine arte mea, omnis mensa vacua videtur esse, et, butan hlafe, ailc mete to wl?ettan byb gehwyrfed. Icheortan sine pane, omnis cibus in nauseam convertitur. Ego cor ,ELFRICI COLLOQUIUM. 29 mannes gestrangie ; ic maegen wcra [com] ; and furbon lit— hominis confirmo ; ego robur virorum sum ; et nee par- lincgas nellab forbigean me. vuli nolunt praeterire me. [Ibv.Tt secgab we be coce ;] hwaeber we beburfon on a?nigon 31. Quid dicimus de coquo ; si indigemus in aliquo craefte [bis ?] arte ejus? Gif ge me ut-arlrifab fram eowrum geferscype, Dicit Cocus : Si me expellitis a vestro collegio, ge etab wyrta eowre grene, and fla;sc-mettas eowre manducabitis olera vestra viridia, et carnes vestras hreawe, and[ne] furbon faett brnbgemagon, [butan craefte minon, crudas, et nee saltern pingue jus potestis, sine arte mea, habban]. habere. We ne reccab [be craefte binon] , ne be us neodbearf 31. Non curamus de arte tua, nee nobis necessaria ys, forbam we sylfe magon seoban ba binge be to seobenne est, quia nos ipsi possumu's coquere quoa coquenda synd, and brcedan ba binge be to braedenne synd. sunt, et assare quaa assanda sunt. Gif ge forby me fram-adryfab, baet ge bus don, Dicit Cocus: Si ideo me expellitis, ut sic faciatis, bonne beo ge ealle braelas, and nan eower ne bib hlaford ; tunc eritis omnes servi, et nullus vestrum erit dominus; and, beah-hwa;bere, buton [craefte minon] ge ne etab. et tamen, sine arte mea, non manducatis. Eala, [bu] munuc, be me to spyest, efne ic haebbe 31. O, monache, qui mihi locutus es, ecce pro- afandod be habban gode geferan, and bearle neodbearfe: bavi te habere bonos socios, et valde necessarios : and ic ahsie ba. qui sunt illi? Ic haebbe smibas, isene-smibas, gold-smib, seolfor-smib, D. Habeo fabros, ferrarios, auriricem, argentarium. 30 /ELFRICI COLLOQUIUM. ar-sraij), treow-wyrhtan, and manega ojre mistlicra cra?fta aerarium, lignarium, et multos alios variarum artium biggenceras. operatores. Ilaefst [bu] senigne wisne gebeahtan ? 31. Habes aliquem sapientem consiliarium ? Gewislice ic haebbe. [Hu maeg] ure gegadeningc D. Certe habeo. Quomodo potest nostra congregatio buton gebeahtynde beon wissod ? sine consiliario regi ? [Hvvaet segst bu,] Wisa ? Hvvilc craeft be gebuht betwux M. Quid dicis tu, Sapiens ? Quae ars tibi videtur inter bas furbra wesan ? istas prior esse ? [Ic secge be,] me ys gebuht Godes beowdom, betweoh C. Dico tibi, mihi videtur Dei servitium inter bas craeftas ealdorscype healdan, swa swa hit [ys] geraed on istas artes primatum tenere, sicut legitur in godspelle, Fyrmest seceab rice Godes, and rihtwisnesse evangelio, Primum quserite regnum Dei, et justitiam hys, and bas binge ealle beob to-'geyhte eow. ejus, et haec omnia adjicientur vobis. And hwilce be gebnht betwux worold-craeftas heoldan 31. Et quales tibi videtur inter seculares artes retinere ealdordom ? primatum ? Eor'S-tilb, for bam se yrbling us ealle fett. C. Agricultura, quia arator nos omnes pascit. Se Smib secgb: — Hwanon [bam yrblinge] sylan scear obbe Ferrarius dicit: Unde aratori vomer aut culter, be na gade ha;fb, buton of cra;fte minon ? Hwanon culter, qui nee stimulum habet, nisi ex arte mea ? Unde fiscere ancgel, obbe sceo-wyrhtan ael, obbe seamere naedl ? piseatori hamus, aut sutori subula, aut sartori acus? nis hit of minon geweorce ? nonne ex meo opere ? Se Gebcahtend andswerab:— Sob witodlice ssgst [bu] ; ac Consiliarius respondit ; Verum quidem dicis ; sed iELFRICI COLLOQUIUM. 31 eallum us leofre ys wikian mid bam yrblinge bonne omnibus nobis carius est hospitari apud aratorem quain mid be ; forbam se yrbling sylb us hlaf and drenc : bn, apud te ; quia arator dat nobis panem et potum : tu, hwaot sylst [J>u] us, on smibban J?inre, buton isene fyr-spearcan, quid das nobis, in ofticina tua, nisi ferreas scintillas, and swegincga beatendra slecgea, and blawendra byliga ? ^ et sonitus tundentium malleorum, et flantium follium ? Se Treo-wyrhta segb: — Hwilc eower ne notab craefte Lignarius elicit: Quis vestrum non utitur arte minou, bonne bus, and mistlice fata, and scypa, eow eal- mea, cum domos, et diversa vasa, et naves, vobis om- lum ic wyrce ? nibus fabrico? Se Smi|> andwyrt: — Eala Tryw-wyrhta, for hwi swa sprycst Ferrarius respondit: O Lignarie, cur sic loque- Jni, bonne ne furbon an byrl [buton craefte minon] ris, cum nee saltern unum foramen, sine arte mea, bu ne miht don ? vales facere ? Se Gebeabtend sasgb : — Eala geferan [and] gode wyrhtan! Consiliarius elicit: O socii et boni operarii ! Uton towurpan hwaetlicor bas geflitu, and sy sibb and Dissolvamus citius has contentiones, et sit pax et gebwaernyss betweob us, and framige anra gebwyle obron on concordia inter nos, et prosit unusquisque alteri in craefte hys, and gebwaerian symble mid bam yrblinge, bser we arte sua, et conveniamus semper apud aratorem, ubi * bigleofan us, and fodder borsum arum babbab; and bis victum nobis, et pabula equis nostris habemus; et hoc gebeaht ic sylle eallum wyrhtum, b^t anra gebwyle craeft consilium do omnibus operariis, ut unusquisque artem his geomlice begange; forbam sebe craeft his forlaet, suam diligenter exerceat ; quia qui artem suam dimiserit, be byb forlaeten fram bam crafte. Swa hwoeber bu sy, swa maesse- ipse dimittetur ab arte. Sive sis * sacer- preost, swa munuc, swa ceorl, swa kempa, bega (behw\Tf) dos, sive monachus, seu laicus, seu miles, exerce 32 ^LFRICI COLLOQUIUM. he sylfne on hisum : beo )>set [>aet] hu eart, forham micel temet ipsum in hoc : esto quod es, quia magnum hynj> and sceamu hyt ys men nelle wesan J>aet J>aet damnum et verecundia est homini nolle esse quod he ys, and haet be he wesan sceal. est, et quod esse debet. Eala cild, hu eow licah J>eos spaec ? 31. O pueri, quomodo vobis placet ista locutio ? Wei * heo Hcatf us, ac bearle deoplice D. Bene quidem placet nobis, sed valde profunde [hu] sprycst, and ofer mae>e ure >u forhtyhst [ha] spraece ; loqueris, et ultra aetatem nostram protrahis sermonem ; ac spree us aefter urum andgyte, hast we magon sed loquere nobis juxta nostrum intellectum, ut possimus understandan ha hing he hu specst. intelligere quae loqueris. Ic ahsige eow for hwi swa geornlice leornige ge ? M. Interrogo vos cur tam diligenter discitis? Forham we nellah wesan swa stunte nytenu, ha D. Quia nolumus esse sicut bruta animalia, quae nan hing witah buton gaers and waeter. nihil sciunt nisi herbam et aquam. And hwa:t wille ge ? M. Et quid vultis vos? [We] willah wesan wise. D. Volumus esse sapientes. On hwilcon wisdome ? Wille ge wesan praettige, ohhe M. Qua sapientia? Vultis esse versipelles, aut husendhiwe, on leasungum lytige, on spraecura gleawlice, hinder- milleformes, in mendaciis vafri, in loquelis astuti, ver- gepe, wel sprecende and yfele hencende, swaesum wordum suti, bene loquentes et male cogitantes, dulcibus verbis underheodde, facn B wihinnan tyddriende, swa swa bergyls, dediti, dolum intus alentes, sicut sepulchrum, metton ofergeweorke, wihinnan full stence ? depicto mausoleo, intus plenum foetore ? a MS. fan. ,'ELFRICI COLLOQUIUM. 33 We nellab swa wesan wise, forbam he nys wis D. Nolunms sic esse sapientes, quia non est sapiens be mid dydrunge hyne sylfne beswicb. qui simulatione semet ipsum decipit. Ac hu wille ge ? M. Sed quomodo vultis ? We willab beon bylewite, butan licetunge, and wise, D. Volumus esse simplices, sine hypocrisi, et sapientes, bat we bugon fram yfele, and don goda : gyt, beah- ut declinemus a nialo, et faciamus bona: adhuc ta- hwii'bere, deoplicor mid us bu smeagst bonne yld ure men prof'undius nobiseum disputas quam a:tas nostra atifon mage ; ac spree us after uron gewunon, nas swa capere possit ; sed loquere nobis nostro more, non tain deoplice. protunde. Ic do ealswa ge biddab. pu, cnapa, hwat dydest [bu] M. Ego faciam sicut rogatis. Tu, puer, quid fecisti to-dasg ? hodie ? Manega bing ic dyde. On bisse niht, ba>a cnyll ic ge- D. Multas res feci. Hac nocte, quando signum au- hyrde, ic aras of minon bedde, and eode to cyrcean, and sang divi, surrexi de lectulo, et exivi ad ecclesiam, et cantavi ubt-sang mid gebrobrum ; after ba we sungon be ealluru nocturnam cum fratribus ; deinde cantavimus de omnibus halgum, and daegredlice lof-sangas ; after bysum, prim, and Sanctis, et matutinales laudes ; post haec, primam, et seofon seolmas, mid letanian, and capitol massan ; sybban septem psalmos, cum letaniis, et primam missam ; deinde undern-tide, and dydon massan be dage ; after bisuin we sung- tertiam, et fecimus missam de die ; post hac cantavi- on middag, and aton, and druncon, and slepon, nms sextam, et manducavimus, et bibimus, et dormivimus, and eft we arison, and sungon non, and nu et iterum surreximus, et cantavimus nonain, et modo c 5 34 iELFRICI COLLOQUIUM. we synd her aDtforan be, gearuwe gchyran hwaet bu us secge. sumus hie coram te, parati audire quid * nobis dixeris. Hwaenne wylle ge singan aefen, obbe niht-sangc ? M. Quando vultis cantare vesperum, autcompletorium? ponne hyt tima byb. D. Quando * tempus erit. Wsere bu to-daeg beswuncgen ? 31. Fuisti hodie verberatus? Ic naes, forbam waerlice ic me heold. D. Non fui, quia caute me tenui. And hu bine geferan ? 31. Et quomodo tui socii? Hwaet me ahsast [bu] be bam ? Ic ne deor yppan D. Quid me interrogas de hoc ? Non audeo pandere be digla ure. Anra gehwyle wat gif be beswuncgen waes tibi secreta nostra. Unusquisque scit si * flagellatus erat obbe na. aut non. Hwaet ytst bu on daeg ? 31. Quid manducas in die ? Gyt flaesc-mettum ic bruce, forbam cild ic eom under D. Adhuc carnibus vescor, quia puer sum sub gyrde drohtniende. virga degens. Hwaet mare ytst bu ? 31. Quid plus manducas? Wyrta, and »gra, fisc, and cyse, buteran, and beana, D. Olera, et ova, pisces, et caseum, butyrum, et fabas, and ealle claene binge ic ete, mid micelre bancunge. et omnia munda manduco, cum * gratiarum actione. Swibe waxgeorn eart bu, bonne bu ealle binge etst 31. Valde edax es, cum * omnia manducas be be toforan [gesette synd.] quae tibi apponuntur. Ic ne eom swa ruicel swelgere, J>aet ic ealle cynn D. Non sum tarn vorax, ut * omnia genera mctta on anre gereordinge etan maege. ciborum in una refectione edere possim. JELFRICl COLLOQUIUM. 3.5 Ac hu ? 31. Sed quonioclo ? Ic bruce hwilon bisum mettum, and [hwilon] obrum, D. Vescor aliquando his cibis, et aliquando aliis, mid syfernysse, swa swa dafnab munuce, nacs mid oferhropse, cum sobrietate, sicut decet monacho, non cum voracitate, forJ>am ic eom nan gluto. quia non sum gluto. And hwaet drincst bu ? 31. Et quid bibis? Ealu, gif ic hsebbe, obbe waeter, gif ic naebbe D. Cerevisiam, si habco, vel aquam, si non habeo ealu. cerevisiam. Ne drincst Jni win ? M. Nonne bibis vinum? Ic ne eom swa spedig baet ic maege bicgean me win ; D. Non sum tarn dives ut possim emere mihi vinum ; and win nys drenc cilda, ne dysigra, ac et vinum non est potus puerorum, sive stultorum, sed ealdra and wisra. senum et sapientum. Hwaer slaepst \\>\x\ ? 31. Ubi dormis? On slaep-erne mid gebro^rum. D. In dormitorio cum fratribus. Hwa awecj> he to ubt-saucge ? 31. Quis excitat te ad nocturnos ? Hwilon ic gehyre cnyll, and ic arise ; hwilon D. Aliquando audio signum et surgo ; aliquando lareow min awecb me stiblice mid gyrde. magister meus excitat me duriter cum virga. Eala ge [gode] cildra, and wynsume leorneras, eow mana|> 31. O * probi pueri, et venusti discipuli, vos hortatur eower lareow baet ge hyrsumian godcundum I arum, and b»-'t vester eruditor ut pareatis divinis disciplinis, et ut. ge healdan eow sylfe senlice on a3lcere stowe. Ga> observetis vosmet eleganter ubique locorum. Incedite 36 HOMILIES OF iELFRIC. beawbce, bonne ge gehyran cyricean bellan, and morigerate, cum auscultaveritis ecclesiae campanas, et gab into cyrcean, and abugab eadmodlice to halgum ingredimini in oratorium, et inclinate suppliciter ad almas wefodum, and standab beawlice, and singab anmodlice, aras, et state disciplinabiliter, et concinite unanimiter, and gebiddab for eowrum synnum, and gab ut, butan et intervenite pro vestris erratibus, et egredhnini, sine hygeleaste, to claustre, obbe to leorninge. scurrilitate, in claustrum, vel in gymnasium. HOMILIES OF ^LFPtlC. Dominica I. in Mense Septembiu, QUANDO LEGITUR lOB. Mine gebroSra, we raedaS nu aet Godes oenungum be San eadigan were Iob ; nu wille we eow hwaet lytles be him gereccan, forSan pe seo deopnys Saere race oferstihS ure andgit, and eac swiSor paera ungelaeredra. Man sceal laewedum mannum secgan be heora andgites maeSe, swa paet hf ne beon Surh fta deopnysse aemode, ne purh 3a langsumnysse geaeSrytte. Sum wer waes geseten on ])am lande be ys gehaten Hits, his nama was lob. Se wer waes swipe bilewite and rihtwis and ondraedende God and forbugende yfel ; him waeron acennede seofan suna and preo dohtra ; he haefde seofon pusend sceapa and preo pusend olfenda, fil' hand getymu oxena and fif hund assan and ormaete micelne hired. Se wer waes swipe maere betwux eallum Easternum; and his HOMILIES OF /ELFRIC. 37 suna ferdon and penode aelc o]>rum mid his godum on ymbhwyrfte aet his huse, and paer-to heora swustru gelapo- don. lob soSlice aras on fam eahteopan daege on aerne- merigen, and offrode Gode seofonfealdne lac for his seofon sunum, pylaes pe hf wi(5 God on heora gepance agylton. pus dyde lob eallura dagum for his sunum and hi swa gehalgode. Hit gelamp on sumum daege, paSa Godes englas comon, and on his gesihpe stodon, pa waes eac swilce se scucca him betwux. To pain cwae<5 Drihten, Hwanon come }>u ? Se sceocca andwyrde, Ic ferde geond pas eorpan and hf beeode. Drihten cwaeS, Ne beheolde ]m la minne peowan lob, paet nan man nis his gelica on eorpan, bilewite man and rihtwis, ondraedende God and yfel forbugende. Swa stod se deofol on Godes gesihoe, swa swa deft se blinda on sunnan. Seo sunne ymbscino' pone blindan, and se blinda ne gesihS paere sunnan leoman. God geseah pone deofol, and se deofol swa-peah waes beda-ded Godes gesihoe and his wuldres. Eorpe is gecweden Godes fot-sceamel, and seo heofen is his prym-setl. Nu stod se sceocca swilce aet Godes fot-sceamele up on psere eorpan, pafta se iElmih- tiga hine axode hwanon he come ? Ke cwaeS paet he ferde geond pas eorpan, forpan pe he faerS, swa swa Petrus se Apostol cwaeS, BeoS syfre and wacole, forpan pe se deofol, eower wiperwinna, fasrS onbutan swa swa grymetende leo, secende hwaene he abite ; wipstandaS pam strange on ge- leafan. Micele waeron pises mannes geearnunga, pa se iElmihtiga be him cwaeS, paat his gelica naere on eorpan. Ge magon gehyran sume his peawas, swa swa he be him sylfum awrat. lob c\vae<5 : Ic alysde hrymende pearfan, and pam steop- bearne, pe buton fultume waes, ic geheolp, and wydewan heortan ic gefrefrode. Ic waes ymbscryd mid rihtwisnyssei Ic waes blindum men eage, and healtum fol, and pearfena i 38 HOMILIES OF jELFRIC. faeder. Of flysum minra sceapa waeron gehlywde pearfena sidan, and ic pearfum ne forwyrnde paes pe hf gyrndon ; ne ic ne aet ana minne hlaf buton steop-bearne, ne ic ne blissode on minum menigfealdum welum. Ne faegnode ic on mines feondes hryre, ne laeg aelpeodig man wiputan minum hegum, ac min duru geopenode symle wegferen- dum. Ne behydde ic mine synna, ne ic on minum bosme ne bediglode mine unrihtwisnysse. Ne saede lob pis for gylpe, ac forpan pe he waes eallum mannura to bysne geset. pus maerne man wolde se manfulla deofol, purh pam micclum costnungum pe he him to dyde, fram Gode gewe- man ; and cwae<5 to Drihtne, Ne ondraet lob on idel God : pu ymbtrymedest hine and ealle his aehta, and his hand- geweorc pu bletsodest, and his aehta weoxon on eorpan. Ac astrece hwon pine hand, and getill ealle pa ping )>e he ah, and he pe on ansyne wyrigS. Drihten cwaeS to )»am sceoccan, Efne nu ealle ]>a ping ]>e he ah sindon on pinre handa, buton pam anum, paet pu on him sylfum pine hand ne astrecce. Ne derode lobe naht paes deofles costnung, ac fremode, forpan pe he waes fulfremedre on gepincpum and Gode near, aefter paes sceoccan ehtnysse. Se deofol gewende pa fram Godes gesihpe, and acwealde ealle his aehta anes daeges. Sum aerend-raca com to lobe, and cwaeS, Dine syll eodon and pa assan wiS hf laeswodon ; pa faerlice comon Sabei, and hf ealle us benamon, and pine yrplingas ofslogon, and ic ana aetbaerst, paet ic pe pis cydde. Mid pam pe se yrpling pis saede, pa com sum oper, and cwas5, Fyr com faerlice of heofenum, and forbaernde ealle pine seep and pa hyrdas samod, and ic ana setwand, paet ic pe pis cydde. Da com se pridda aerend-raca, and cwaeS, Da Chaldeiscan comon on prim floccum, and ure olfendas ealle gelaehton, and pa hyrdas mid swurde ofslogon ; ic ana aetfleah, paet ic pe pis cydde. Efne pa-gyt com se feorpa HOMILIES OF 7ELFRIC. 39 aerend-raca inn, and cwaefi,. Dine suna and j>ine dohtra aeton and druncon mid heora yldestan breper, and efne pa fairlice svvegde swiplic wind of pam westene, and tosloh f>set hits aet pam feower hweinnium, paet hit hreosende pine beam ofprihte and acwealde ; ic ana aetbgerst, paet ic pe pis cydde. Hwaet pa, lob aras and totaer his tunecan and his loccas forcearf, and f'eol to eorJ)an, and cwaeo", Nacod ic com of minre modor innope, and nacod ic sceal heonan gevvendan. Orihten me forgeaf pa aehta, and Drihten hf me eft benam ; swa swa him gelicode swa hit is gedon, beo his nama ge- bletsod. On eallum pisum pingum ne syngode lob on his welerum, ne nan ping dyslices ongean God ne spraec. Eal pis dyde se ealda deofol to gremenne pone godan man, and symle he laefde aenne cucenne, him tocypenne his aehta lyre, past his mod wurde fram Gode awend, pafia he pa ungelimp geaxod haefde. paet fyr com ufan, pe pa seep forbaernde : ac hit ne com nit of heofenum, peah pe hit swa gehfwod waere ; forpan pe se deofol naes on heofenum naefre sippan he panon purh modignysse afeol mid his geferum. Eall swa deo" Antecrist, ponne he cym8, he asent fyr ufan, swilce of heofenum, to bepaecenne paet earme mancynn pe he on biS ; ac wite gehwa paet se ne maeg nan fyr of heofenum asendan, sepe on heofenum sylf cuman ne mot. On eallum pisum fiingum ne syngode lob on his welerum. On twa wison men syngiafi on heora welerum ; paet is, gif hf unriht sprecaS, oppe riht forsuwiao 1 ; ac lob ne syngode on his welerum, forpan pe he dyslice ongean God ne spraec, ne eac Godes herunge ne forsuwade : he cydde past he buton gytsunge swa micele aehta haefde, papa he* hf swa eape- lice buton unrotnysse forlet. Eft sippan, on sumum daage, Sapa Godes englas stodon on his gesihpe, ]>a, waes eac se scucca him betwynan, and Drihten him cwaeS to, Hwaet la, ne beheolde pu minne peowan lob, paet his gelica nis on eorpan, and gy't he hylt his unscaeSSignysse. pu astyredest 40 HOMILIES OF iELFRIC. me togeanes him, paet ic J>earflease hine geswencte. Se scucca andwyrde, Fel sceal for felle, and svva hwaet swa man haefS, he sylo" for his life. Astrece nu June hand, and hrepa his ban and his flaesc, }>onne gesihst )m paet he ]>e on ansyne wirigcS. Drihten cweeS to }>am scuccan, Efne he is nu on ))inre handa, swa-peah-hwaepere heald his sawle. Ne gepafode God pis to forwyrde 8am eadigan were, ac past he waere to bysne eallum geleaffullum mannum, and wurde swipor gemasrsod purh his miccle gepyld and earfopnyssum. Da gewende se deofol of Drihtnes gesihpe, and sloh lob mid paere wyrstan wunde fram his hnolle ufewerdan o<5 his ilas neo]>e\verde. lob saet pa sarlice eal on anre wunde, up on his mixene, and ascraep }>one wyrms of his lice mid anum croc-scearde. His wif him cwaeS to, Gyt pu purhwunast on pinre bilewitnysse ; wyrig God and swelt. lob hire andwyrde, Du spraece swa swa an stunt wff. Gif we god underfengon of Godes handa, hwf ne sceole we eac yfel underfon ? On eallum pisum pingum ne syngode lob on his welerum. Se swicola deofol genam paet wif him to gefylstan, paet he pone halgan wer purh hf beswice, swa swa he aer Adam purh Euan beswac ; ac se ylca God, pe gepafode paet he swa gecostnod waere, heold hine wiS paes deofles syrwungum and wiS his sawle lyre. Witodlice, pa geaxodon pry cyningas, pe him gesibbe waeron, eal his un- gelimp, and comon him to of heora rice, paet hf hine ge- neosodon. Heora naman waeron pus gecigde, Elifaz, Bal- da<5, Sofar. Hf gecwaedon paet hf samod cumende hine geneosodon and gefrefrodon. Hf pa comon and hine ne oncneowon for ])aere ormaetan untrumnysse, and hrymdon paerrihte wepende. Hf totaeron heora reaf, and mid duste heora heafod bestreowodon, and him mid saeton manega dagas. Hit waes swa gewunelic on ealdum dagum, paetgif hwam sum faerlic sar become, paet he his reaf totaere swa swa lob dyde, and eac pas pry cyningas. Hf comon hine HOMILIES OF iELFRIC. 41 to gefrefrigenne : pa awendon hi heora frofer to edwite, and hine mid heora wordum tirigdon, swilce he for his synnum swa getucod waere, and cwsedon, Wite com ofer pe, and }m ateorodest ; sarnys pe hrepode, and pu eart geunrotsod. Hwaer is nu pin Codes ege, and ]>in strenc<5 ? Hwaer is pin gepyld, and pinra daeda fulfremednys ? And mid ma- negum prafungum hine geswencton. lob cwaeS, Eala gif ininne synna and min yrmo 1 , pe ic polige, waeron awegene on anre waegan, ponne waeron hf swaerran gesewene Sonne sand-corn on s£e. To preagenne ge logiaS eowere spraece, and ge pencaS to awendenne eowerne freond. Mannes lif is campdom ofer eorpan, and swa swa medgildan dagas, swa sind his dagas. He cwaec") paet mannes lif waere campdom ofer eorpan, forpan pe aelc paera pe God gepihS bi<5 on ge- winne wiS pone ungesewenlican deofol, and ongean his agenum lustum, pa hwile pe he on life biS : and swa swa se hyrman his edleanes anbidaS, swa geanbidaS se gastlica cempa his edleanes aet pam iElmihtigum Code. Godes gecorenan sind on gewinne on pyssere worulde, and pa arleasan on hire blissiaS ; ac paera rihtwisra gewinn awent to blisse, and paera arleasra bliss to biterum sarnyssum on paere ecan worulde, pe gewelgaS pa polmodan. Ealle pas costnunga deofol, and paera aehta lyre, hisbearna deao", and his agen untrumnys, his wifes witleast, and his freonda edwit, ne mihton awecgan lob of his modes anrasdnysse, ne fram his micclan geleafan, pe he to pam iElmihtigan Gode symle haefde ; ac se scucca wearS gescynd pe hine beswican wolde. lob cwaeS eft : Min Haesc is ymbscryd mid forrotodnysse and mid dustes horwum, min hyd for- searode and is forscruncen. Me habbaS geswencednysse dagas, and on niht min ban biS mid sarnysse purhdyd ; and pa pe me etaS ne slapati. Ic eom lame wipmeten, and yslum and axum geanlicod. Eft he cwae<5 : Ic wat soplice paet min Alysend leofaS, and ic on pam endenextan dasge 42 HOMILIES OF 7ELFRIC. of eorpan arise, and ic beo eft mid minum felle befangen, and ic on minum flaesce God geseo, ic sylf and na oper ; pes hiht is on minum bosme geled. We saedon eow and gyt secgaS, paet we ne magon ealle }>as race eow be endebyrdnysse secgan ; forpam pe seo bdc is swi<5e micel, and hire digele andgyt is ofer ure niaefie to smeagenne. Da ]>ry cyningas 6a haefdon langsume spraece wi5 pone gedrehtan lob, and gewendan him ham sippan. Ac God hf gesprasc J>a, and cwaeS, past he him eallum prim gram waere, forpan pe hf swa rihtlice aetforan him ne spraecon, swa swa lob his pegen. God cwaeS him to, NymaS eow nu seofon fearras and seofon rammas, and faraS eft ongean to minum peowan lobe, and geoffriaS pas lac for eow ; lob soplice min peowa gebit for eow, and ic his ansyne underfo, paet eow ne beo to dysig geteald, past ge swa rihtlice to me ne spraecon swa swa min peowa lob. Hit waes gewunelic on ealdum da- gum, paet man Gode ]>yllice lac offrode on cucan orfe, and pa acwealde ; ac seo offrung is nu unalyfedlic aefter Cristes prowunge. Elifaz pa and Balda<5 and Sofar ferdon ongean to heora maege lobe, and didon swa swa him God bebead ; and Drihten underfeng lobes ansyne, and heora synne purh his pingraedene forgeaf. Deah pe lobes ansyn wsere atelice toswollen, and his lie eal maSan weolle, swa-peah is awri- ten, }>aet se ^Elmihtiga underfeng his ansyne, pa'Sa he for his freondum gebaed. Drihten eac pa, gecyrde to lobes behreowsunge, papa he for his magum gebaed, and hine gehaelde fram eallum his untrumnyssum, and his aehta him ealle forgeald be twyfealdum. Be pisum is to understandenne paet se pe for 08 rum gebit, fremaS him sylfum micclum, swa swa paet halige gewrit seg5, paet pa<5a lob for his freon- dum gebaed, pa gecyrde God to his behreowsunge, and swa eafielice hine eft gehaelde, swa he hine aer geuntruinode. lob haefde aer his untrumnysse seofon pusend sceapa and preo pusend olfenda, fif hund getyme oxena and fif hund HOMILIES OF iELFRIC. 43 assan ; him waeron eft forgoklene feowertyne jmsend sceapa and six Jnisend olfenda, ]msend getyme oxena and Jmsend assan ; and Drihten hine bletsode swipor on ende ponne on angynne. He haefde seofon suna and J>reo dohtra aer, and sitSoan eft eal swa fela. Hwf nolde God him forgyldan his beam be twyfealdum, swa swa he dyde his aehta? He nolde forjn" ]>e his beam naeron forlorene, swa swa his aehta waeron ; his aehta waeron ealle amyrrede, and his tyn beam acwealde ; ac J>a beam waeron swa-Jeah gehealdene on ]>am digelan life betwux halgum sawlum ; and he forpi under- feng paera bearna getel be anfealdon, for]>an ]>e ]>a o]>re him waeron gehealdene, ]»e Jmrh ]>aes deofles ehtnysse acwealde waeron. Hwaet J>a, lobes gebropra and geswustru, and ealle ]>a ]>e hine aer cu]>on, comon him to, and hine gefre- frodon, and his micclum wundrodon, and him gife geafon. Naeron gemette on ealre eorjmn swa wlitige wimmen swa swa waeron lobes dohtra. He soSlice leofode, aefter his swingle, an hund geara and feowertig geara, and geseah his bearna beam, oS )>a feorpan maegfe. On eallum his life, he leofode twa hund geara and eahta and feowertig geara. He waes se fifta man aefter Abrahame ]>am heah- faedere. On Jiam timan waes swioe langsum Iff on man- cynne. Gif hwilc gelaered man fas race oferraede o]>]>e raedan gehyre, ponne bidde ic ]>aet he ]>as scyrtinge ne taele : him maeg his agen andgytsecgan fullice be Jrisum ; and eow lae- wedum mannum is )>is genoh, }>eah Se ge \>a. deopan digel- nysse paeron ne cunnon. Hit gelamp ]>us softlice be lobe, swa swa he sylf awrat ; ac swa-peah seo gastlice getacnung ]>eere gereccednysse belimpft to Cristes menniscnysse, and to his gelaSunge, swa swa lareowas trahtnodon. Gif ure aeni- gum sum ungelimp becume, )>onne sceole we beon gemyn- dige Jnses maeran weres, and ge]>yldige beon on pam pwyr- nyssum ]>e us se iElmihtiga on besent, and habban maran 44 HOMILIES OF .ELFRIC. care ure sawle, ponne ]>aere scortan gesaelSe ]>e we sceolon fortetan. Sy wuldor and wurSmynt |iara welwyllendan Scyppende ealra his wundra and his weldaeda, seSe ana is God a on ecnysse. Amen. HII. Id. Mart. Sci Gregorii Papje Urbis Romans Inclyti. Gregorius se halga papa, Engliscre Seode apostol, on Sisum andwerdan daege, aefter menigfealdum gedeorfum, and halgnm gecnyrdnyssum, Godes rfce gesaeliglice astah. He is rihtlice Engliscre Seode apostol, forSan Se he, }mrh his raed and sande, us fram deofles biggengum aetbraed, and to Godes geleafan gebigde. Manega halige bee cySaS his drohtnunge and his halige Iff, and eac ' Historia Anglorum,' 8a Se iElfred cyning of Ledene on Englisc awende. Seo boc sprecS genoh swutelice be Sisum halgan were. Nu wylle we sum Sing scortlice eow be him gereccan, forSan Se seo foresaede boc nis eow eallum cuS, peah Se heo on Englisc awend sy. pes eadiga papa Gregorius waes of aeSelborenre maegSe and eawfaestre acenned ; liomanisce witan waaron his ma- gas ; his feeder hatte Gordianus, and Felix, se eawfaesta papa, waes his fifta feeder. He waes, swa swa we cwaedon, for worulde aeSelboren, ac he oferstah his aeSelborennysse mid halgum Seawum, and mid godum weorcum geglengde. Gregorius is Grecisc nama, se sweigS on Ledenum ge- reorde, " Uigilantius," paet is on Englisc, " Wacolre." He waes swiSe wacol on Godes bebodum, SaSa he sylf heri- gendlice leofode, and he wacollice ymbe manegra Seoda pearfe hogode, and him lffes weig geswutelode. He waes fram cildhade on boclicum larum getyd, and he on Saere lare swa gesaeliglice Seah, past on ealre Romana-byrig naes nan his gelica geSuht. He gecneordlaehte aefter wisra la- HOMILIES OF .ELFRIC. 45 reowa gebisnungura, and naes forgytol, ac gefaestnode his lure on faesthafelum gemynde. He hlod fia mid Jmrstigum breoste tSa flowendan lare, t5e heT eft aefter fyrste mid hunig-swettre ]»rotan ]>aeslice bealcette. On geonglicum gearum, CaCa his geogoC aefter gecynde woruld-Cing lufian sceolde, J>a ongann he hine sylfne to Gode gefteodan, and to eftele paes upplican lifes mid eallum gewilnungum orCian. Witodlice aefter his faeder forSsiSe he araerde six munuc-lff on Sicilia-lande, and ]>aet seofofte binnon Romana-burh getimbrode, on Sam he sylf regollice, under abbodes haesum drohtnode. pa seofon mynstru he gelende mid his agenum, and genihtsumlice to daeghwomlicum bigleofan gegodode. pone ofer-eacan his aehtahe aspende on Godes fearfum, and ealle his woruldlican aCelborennysse to heofonlicum wuldre awende. He eode aer his gecyrrednysse geond Romana- burh mid paellenum gyrlum, and scinendum gymmum, and readum golde gefraetewod ; ac aefter his gecyrrednysse he ftenode Godes Searfum, he sylf Searfa, mid wacum waefelse befangen. Swa fulfremedlice he drohtnode on anginne his gecyr- rednysse swa J>aet he mihte Sa gyu beon geteald on fulfre- medra halgena getele. He lufode forhaefednysse on met- tum, and on drence, and waeccan on syndrigum gebedum ; )>aer to-eacan he ftrowade singallice untrumnyssa, and swa he stiSlicor mid andwerdum untrumnyssum oi'sett waes, swa he geornfullicor paes ecan lifes gewilnode. pa undergeat se papa, ]>e on 8am timan }>aet apostolice setl gesaet, hu se eadiga Gregorius on halgum maegnum Seonde waes, and he 8a hine of Caere munuclican drohtnunge genam, and him to gefylstan gesette, on diaconhade geende- byrdne. Da gelamp hit, aet sumum saele, swa swa gyt for oft deS, fast Englisce cypmenn brohton heora ware to Ro- mana-byrig, and Gregorius eode be Caere straet to Cam Engliscum mannum, heora Cing sceawigende. pa geseah 46 HOMILIES OF iELFRIC. be betwux Sam warura cype-cnihtas gesette, ]>a waeron hwites lichaman and faegeres andwlitan menn, and ae5ellice gefexode. Gregorius 5a beheold \neva. cnapena wlite, and befran of hwilcere ]?eode hf gebrohte vvaeron. pasaede him man ]>set hf of Engla-lande waeron, and ]>aet 6aere 5eode mennisc svva wlitig waere. Eft 5a Gregorius befran, h\vae6er faes landes folc Cristen waere 6e hagoen ? Him man saede, ]>aet hf haeSene waeron. Gregorius 5a of innweardre heortan langsume siccetnnge teah, and cwae6, Walawa, ]>aet svva fae- geres hfwes menn sindon 5am sweartan deofle underSeodde. Eft he axode, hu Sasre 5eode nama waere, J>e hf of-comon ? Him waes geandwyrd, past hf Angle genemnode waeron. pa cwae6 he, Rihtlice hf sind Angle gehatene, for5an 5e hf engla wlite habba5, and swilcum gedafenaS feet hf on heo- fonum engla geferan beon. Gyt 5a Gregorius befran, hu Saere scfre nama waere, ]>e 5a cnapan of-alaedde waeron. Him man saede, )>aet 5a scfrmen waeron Dere gehatene. Gregorius andwyrde, Wei hf sind Dere gehatene, for5an 5e hf sind fram graman generode, and to Cristes mildheort- nysse gecygede. Gyt 5a he befran, Hu is 5aere leode cyning gehaten ? Him waes geandswarod, ]>ast se cyning iElle gehaten waere. Hwaet 5a, Gregorius gamenode mid his wordum to 6am naman, and cwaeS, Hit gedafena5 J>aet Alleluia sy gesungen on 5am lande, to lofe paes iElmihti- gan Scyppendes. Gregorius 5a sona eode to 6am papan )>aes apostolican setles, and hine baed, J>aet he Angelcynne sume lareowas asende, 6e hf to Criste gebigdon, and cwae5, ]>set he sylf gearo waere ]>aet weorc to gefremmenne mid Godes fultume, gif hit 6am papan swa gelicode. pa ne mihte se papa )>aet ge6afian, )>eah 6e he eall wolde ; forSan 6e 6a Romaniscan ceaster-gewaran noldon ge6afian J>aet swa getogen mann, and swa ge6ungen lareow J>a burh eallunge forlete, and swa fyrlen wraecsi6 gename. iEfter 5isum gelamp J>aet micel mann-cwealm becom HOMILIES OF JEhVlUC. 47 ofer Ssere Romaniscan leode, and airest Sone papan Pela- gium gestod, and buton yldinge adydde. Witodlice aefter Sees papan geendunge, swa micel cwealm wearS paes folces, baet gehwaer stodon aweste hus geond J>a burh, buton bugigendum. pa ne tnihte swa-Seah seo Rotnana-burh buton papan wunian, ac eal folc Sone eadigan Gregoriuni to Caere geSincfte anmodlice geceas, beah Se he mid eallum maegne wiSerigende waere. Gregorius Sa asende aenne pistol to Sam casere Mauricium, se waes his gefaedera, and hine halsode, and micclum baed. baet he naefre Sam folce ne geSafode baet he mid ]>aes wurSmyntes wuldre geuferod waere, forSan Se he ondred baet he Surh Sone micclan had on woruldlicum wuldre, be he aar awearp, set sumum saele bepaeht wurde. Ac Saes caseres heah- gerefa, Germanus, gelaehteSone pistol aet Gregories aerend- racan, and hine totaer; and siSSan cydde bam casere, baet ]>a?t folc Gregoriuni to papan gecoren haefde. Mauri- cius 8a se casere baes Gode Sancode, and hine gehadian het. Hwaet 6a, Gregorius fleames cepte, and on dym-hof'on aetlutode ; ac hine man gelaehte, and teah to Petres cyrcan, ]>aet he Saer to papan gehalgod wurde. Gregorius Sa a^r his hadunge baet Romanisce folc, for Sam onsigendum cwealme, Sisum wordum to bereowsunge tihte. Mine ge- broSra ba leofostan, lis gedafenaS baet we Godes swingle, be we on £r towearde ondraedan sceoldon, baet we huru nu andwerde and afandode ondraedan. Geopenige ure sarnys us infser soSre gecyrrednysse, and baet wite Se we SrowiaS to brece ure heortan heardnysse. Efne nu Sis folc is mid swurde baes heofonlican graman ofslegen, and gehwilce aenlipige sind mid faerlicum slihte aweste. Ne seo adl 6am deaSe ne forestsepS, ac ge geseoS baet se sylfa deaS baere adle yldinge forhradaS. Se geslagena biS mid deaSe ge- gripen, airman Se he to heofungum soSre behreowsunge gecyrran maege. HogiaS forSi hwilc se becume aetforan 48 HOMILIES OF iELFRIC. gesihSe paas strecan Deman, sefte ne maeg J>aet yfel bewepan 6e he gefremode. Gehwilce eorft-bugigende sind aetbro- dene, and heora bus standaS aweste. Faederas and moddru bestandaS heora bearna lfc, and heora yrfenuman him sylfum to forwyrde forestaeppaft. Uton eornostlice fleon to heofunge soSre daedbote, ]>& hwile tie we moton, aerfian pe se fasrlica siege us astrecce. Uton gemunan swa hwaet swa we dweligende agylton, and uton mid wope gewitnian ]>aet J)3?t we manfullice adrugon. Uton forhradian Godes ansyne on andetnysse, swa swa se witega us nianaS. Uton ahebban ure heortan mid handum to Gode, paet is, ]>aet we sceolon 6a gecnyrdnysse ure bene mid geearnunge godes weorces up-araeran. He forgifS truwan ure forhtunge, sefte ]>urh his witegan clypaS, Nylle ic f>aes synfullan deatS, ac ic wille ]>aet he gecyrre and lybbe. Ne geortruwige nan man hine sylfne for his synna micelnysse : witodlice 6a ealdan gyltas Niniueiscre Seode Sreora daga bereowsung adilegode ; and se gecyrreda sceaSa on his deaSes cwyde ]?aes ecan lifes mede geearnode. Uton awendan ure heortan ; hraedlice bi<5 se Dema to urum benum gebfged, gif we f'ram urum owyrnyssum beoS ge- rihtlaehte. Uton standan mid gemaglicum wopum ongean ■5am onsigendum swurde swa miccles domes. SoSlice ge- magnys is pam soSan Deman gecweme, peah <5e heo man- num uuSancwurSe sy, forSan Se se arfaesta and se mild- heorta God wile )>aet we mid gemaglicum benum his mild- heortnysse ofgan, and he nele swa micclum swa we geear- nia(5 us geyrsian. Be Sisum he cwae<5 Jmrh his witegan, Clypa me on daege ftinre gedrefednysse, and ic Se ahredde, and 8u maersast me. God sylf is his gewita )>aet he miltsian wile him to clypigendum, seSe mana<5 j>aet we him to clypian sceolon. ForSi, mine gebrofira paleofostan, uton gecuman on 6am feorftan daege pysre wucan on aerne-merigen, and mid estl'ullum mode and tearum singan seofonfealde lae- HOMILIES OF iELFRIC. 49 tanias, paet se streca Dema us geitrige, ponne he gesihS paet we sylfe ure gyltas wrecaS. Eornostlice SaSa micel menigu, aegSer ge preosthades ge munuchades menn, and paet laewede folc, aefter Saes eadigan Gregories haese, on j'one wodnes-daeg to Sam seofonfealdum letanium gecomon, to Sam swiSe awedde se foresaeda cwealm, past hund-eahtatig manna, on Saere anre tide feal- lende, of life gewiton, Sa hwfle pe paet folc Sa letanias sungon. Ac se halga sacerd ne geswac paet folc to mani- genne paet hf Saere bene ne geswicon, oSpaet Godes milt- sung pone reSan cwealm gestilde. Hwaet 6a Gregorius, siSSan he papanhad underfeng, gemunde hwaet he gefyrn Angel-cynne gemyifte, and Saer- rihte j>aet luftyme weorc gefremode. He na to Saes hwon ne mihte pone Romaniscan biscop-stol eallunge forlaetan, ac he asende oSre bydelas, geSungene Godes Seowan, to Sysum fglande, and he sylf micclum mid his benum and tihtingum fylste, paet Saera bydela bodung forSgenge, and Gode waestmbaere wurde. paara bydela naman sind pus gecigede, Augustinus, Mellitus, Laurentius, Pe- trus, Iohannes, Iustus. Das lareowas asende se eadiga papa Gregorius, mid manegum oSrum munecum, to Angel- cynne, and hf Sisum wordum to Saere fare tihte, Ne beoge afyrhte Surh geswince pass langsuman faereldes, oSSe purh yfelra manna ymbe-spraece ; ac mid ealre anraadnysse and wylme paere soSan lufe pas ongunnenan Sing purh Godes fultum gefreminaS. And wite ge paet eower med on Sam ecan edleane swa miccle mare biS, swa micclum swa ge mare for Godes willan swincaS. GehyrsumiaS eadmodlice on eallum Singum Augustine, pone Se we eow to ealdre gesetton : hit fremaS eowrum sawlum swa hwaet swa ge be his mynegunge gefyllaS. Se ^lmihtiga God, purh his gife, eow gescylde, and geunne me paet ic mote eoweres geswinces waestm on Sam ecan eSele geseon, swa paet ic D 50 HOMILIES OF ^LFRIC. beo gemet samod on blisse eoweres edleanes, Seah Se ic mid eow swincan ne msege ; forSon Se ic wille swincan. Augustinus Sa mid his geferum, faet sind gerehte feowertig wera, ferde be Gregories haese, oSfaet hf to Sisum fglande gesundfullice becomon. On 8am dagum rixode ^Efelbyrht cyning on Cantware- byrig rfclice, and his rice wa?s astreht fram Saere micclan ea Humbre 08 suS s3e. Augustinus haafde genumen wealh- stodas of Francena rice, swa swa Gregorius him bebead ; and he Surh Saera wealhstoda muS ]?am cyninge and his leode Godes word bodade : hu se mildheorta Haelend, mid his agenre Srowunge }>ysne scyldigan middaneard alysde, and geleaffunum mannum heofonan rfces infaer geopenode. pa andwyrde se cyning iESelbriht Augustine, and cwaeS, paet he fsegere word and behat him cydde ; and cwaeS, }>aet he ne mihte swa hrsedlice f>one ealdan gewunan Se he mid Angel-cynne heold forketan ; cwaeS paet he moste freolice Sa heofonlican lare his leode bodian, and paet he him and his geferan bigleofan Senian wolde, and forgeaf him 5a wununge on Cantwarebyrig, seo wses ealles his rfces heafod-burh. Ongann 6a Augustinus mid his munecum to geefenlae- cenne ]>aera apostola Iff, mid singalum gebedum, and wsec- can, and faestenum Gode Seowigende, and lffes word pam Se hf mihton bodigende, ealle middaneardlice Sing, swa swa aelfremede, forhogigende, Sa J'ing ana pe hf to bigleo- fan behofedon underfonde, be Sam Se hf taehton sylfe lyb- bende, and for Saere soSfaastnysse Se hf bodedon, gearowe waeron ehtnysse to Soligenne, and deaSe sweltan, gif hf Sorfton. Hwset Sa gelyfdon forwel menige, and on Godes naman gefullode wurdon, wundrigende J>aere bilewitnysse heora unscaeSSigan lffes, and swetnysse heora heofonlican lare. Da aet nextan, gelustfullode Sam cyninge iESelbrihte heora claene Iff and heora wynsume behat, ]>a soSlice wurdon mid HOMILIES OF ^ELFRIC. 51 manegum tacnum geseSde ; and he Sa gelyfende wearS gefullod, and inicclum Sa cristenan gearwurSode, and swa swa heofonlice ceaster-gewaran lufode : nolde swa-Seah nsenne to cristendome geneadian ; forSan Se he ofaxode aet Sam lareowuin his haele pset Cristes Seowdom ne sceal beon geneadod, ac sylfwilles. Ongunnon Sa daeghwomlice forvvel menige efstan to gehyrenne 8a halgan bodunge, and for- leton heora haeSenscipe, and hf sylfe geSeoddon Cristes gelaSunge, on hine gelyfende. Betwux Sisum gewende Augustinus ofer saa to Sam ercebiscope Etherium, and he hine gehadode Angel-cynne to ercebiscope, swa swa him Gregorius aar gewissode. Augustinus Sa gehadod cyrde to his biscop-stole, and asende aerendracan to Rome, and cydde Sam eadigan Gre- gorie )>aet Angel-cynn cristendom underfeng, and he eac mid gewritum fela Singa befran, hu him to drohtnigenne waere betwux 6am nfg-hworfenum folce. Hwaet Sa Gre- gorius micclum Gode Sancode mid blissigendum mode, J>aet Angel-cynne swa gelumpen waes, swa swa hesylf geornlice gewilnode, and sende eft ongean aarendracan toSamgeleaf- fullan cyninge iE]>elbrihte, mid gewritum and menigfealdum lacum, and oSre gewritu to Augustine, mid andswarum ealra Saera Singa ]>e he hine befran, and hine eac Sisum wordum manode, Broker min se leofosta, ic wat }>aet se ^Elmihtiga God fela wundra Jmrh Se paere Seode Se he geceas geswutelaS, ]>aes Su miht blissigan, and eac Se on- draedan. pu miht blissigan gewisslice ]>aet Saere Seode sawla ]mrh Sa yttran wundra beoS getogene to Saere incun- dan gife. Ondrdad Se swa-Seah paet Sin mod ne beo ahafen mid dyrstignysse on Sam tacnum ]>e God Surh Se gefremaS, and J)u Sonon on fdelum wuldre befealle wiSinnan, ponon Se Su wiSutan onwurSmynte ahafen bist. Gregorius asende eac Augustine halige lac on maasse- reafum, and on bocum, and Saeia apostola and martyra d2 52 HOMILIES OF iELFRIC. reliquias samod ; and bebead, ]?aet his aeftergengan symle Sone pallium and Sone ercehad aet Sam apostoliean setle Romaniscre gelaSunge feccan sceoldon. Augustinus gesette aefter Sisum biscopas of his geferum gehwilcum burgum on Engla Seode, and hf on Godes geleafan Seonde Surh- wunodon oS Sisum daegSerlicum daege. Se eadiga Gregorius gedihte manega halige traht-bec, and mid micelre gecnyrdnysse Godes folc to Sam ecan life gewissode, and fela wundra on his life geworhte, and wul- dorfullice J?aes papan setles geweold Sreottyne gear, and six monSas, and tyn dagas, and siSSan on Sisum daege gewat to Sam ecan setle heofenan rices, on Sam he leofaS mid Gode .ZElmihtigum a on ecnysse. Amen. XIII. Kal. Apr. Depositio Sci Cuthberhti Episcopi. Cuthberhtus, se halga biscop, scinende on manegum geearnungum and healicum geSincSum, on heofonan rfce, mid pam iElmihtigum Scyppende, on ecere blisse rixiende, wuldraS. Beda, se snotera Engla ]>eoda lareow, pises halgan Iff endebyrdlice, mid wunderfullum herungum, aegSerge aafter anfealdre gereccednysse, ge aefter leoSlicere gyddunge, av. rat. Us saede soSlice Beda, paet se eadiga CuSberhtus, |?aSa he waes eahta wintra cild, arn, swa swa him his ny- tenlice yld tihte, plegende mid his efen-ealdum ; ac se /Elmihtiga God wolde styran paere nytennysse his gecorenan CuSberhtes, Jmrh mynegunge gelimplices lareowes, and asendc him to an Sry-wintre cild, ]>aet hit his dyslican ple- gan, mid staeSSigum wordum, wislice preade. SoSlice, past forcsaedc pry-wintre cild pone gaemnigendan CuSberhtum HOMILIES OF /ELFRIC. 53 befran, To hwf underpeodst Jju 8e sylttie pisum ydeluni plegan, )m 8e eart fram Gode gehalgod mid roderlicum wur8mynte ? Ne gedafenaS biscope, ]>set he beo on daedum folces mannum gelfc. Geswfc, la leof, swa unpaeslices plegan, and ge8eod ]>e to Code, ]>e 8e to biscope his folce geceas, }>am Jm scealt heofonan rfees inffer geopenian. Hwaet 8a, Cu8berhtus ]>a-gyt mid his plegan fortSarn, 08- 8aet his lareow, mid biterum tearum dreoriglice wepende, ealra ]>aera cildra plegan fuerlice gestilde. Witodlice, eall se cildlica heap wolde ]'£es anes cildes dreorignysse gefre- f'rian ; ac hf ealle ne mihton mid heora frofre his dreorig- nysse adwaescan, aerSan 8e CufSberhtus hit mid arfaestum cossum gegladode. And he sylf si88an, aefter paes cildes mynegunge, on healicere stae88ignysse symle jmrhwu- node. iEfter ])isum wearS paes eadigan CuSberhtes cneow mid heardum geswelle alefed, swa J?aet he mid criccum his feSunge underwre8ode. pa gesast he sume dasge under sunn-beame ana on sundran, and his sceancan be8ode, him com j>a ridende to sum arwurSe ridda, sittende on snaw- hwitum horse, and he sylf mid hvvitum gyrlum befangen waes ; and he ]>one halgan mid gesibsumum wordum swaes- lice grette, biddende fast he him daegwistes gedafenlice tiSode. Cu8berhtus ]>a. to 8am engle anmodlice cwaeS, Ic wolde fine penunge sylf nu gearcian, gif ic me mid feSunge ferian mihte: min adlige cneow is yfele gehaefd, ]>aet ne mihte nan Uece-wyrt awiht geli8ian, }>eah ]>e heo gelome to-geled waere. pa gelihte se cuma, and his cneow gra- pode mid his halwendum handum, and het hine niman hwaetene smedeman, and on meolce awyllan, and swa mid ]>aere haatan faet tojmndene lim gewri8an ; and, aefter pisum wordum, his hors bestrad, on J) am siSfaete )>e he jnder com, aweg ferende. Hwaet )m, CuSberhtus, aefter pass engles lare, his cneow be8ode, and he sona gesundfull his faareldes 54- HOMILIES OF ^LFRIC. breac, and ongeat past God, purh his engel, hine geneosode, seSe giu aar pone blindan Tobfan, Jmrh his heah-engel Raphahel, mihtelice onlihte. Eft se halga CuSberhtus, paSa he wacode mid hyrde- mannum on felda, on his geogoSe, geseah heofonas opene, and englas gelaeddon Aidanes biscopes sawle, raid micclum '.vuldre, in to paere heofonlican myrhSe. Hwilon eac CuS- berhtus ferde geond land bcdigende Godes geleafan, pa for unwedere gecyrde he to sumes hyrdes cytan, pe stod weste on )>am westene pe he oferferde, and getfgde his hors paer binnon. pa, mid para J>e he his gebedu sang, }>a taer paet hors past paec of Saere cytan hrofe, and paer feoll adune, swilce of 6am hrofe, wearm hlaf raid his syflinge. He pa geSancode Gode paere sande, and mid paere hine sylfne gereordode. Se eadiga CuSberhtus aefter pisum ealle woruld-ping eallunge forlet, and mid halgum peawum hine sylfne to munuc-life geSeodde ; and he hraedlice, siSSan he munuc waes, wearS geset cumena pen, paet he cumena huses gyrnde, and mynsterlicum cumum geSehsum waere. pa, aet sumon saele, on wintres daege, him com to Godes engel on cuman lifwe, and CuSberhtus hine mid ealre cumliSnysse under- feng. pa gecyrde he ut ymbe paas cuman penunge, ac he ne gemette naenne cuman paSa he inn com, ac lagon pry heofenlice hlafas on lilian beorhtnysse scinende, and on rosan braeSe stymende, and on swaecce swettran ponne beona hunig. pa sceawode se halga CuSberhtus on Sam snawe gehwaer, hwyder se cuma siSigende ferde, ac paSa he nane fot-swaSe on Sam snawe ne geseah, pa ongeat he", paet se cuma waes engel and na mann, seSe pone heofenlican fodan him brohte, and paes eorSlican ne rohte. pes foresaeda halga wer waes gewunod past he wolde gan on niht to sas, and standan on Sam sealtan brymme oS his swyran, singende his gebedu. pa on sumere nihte hlosnode HOMILIES OF ./ELFRIC. 55 sum oSer munuc his faereldes, and mid sleaccre stalcunge his fot-swafium filigde, oSSaet lu begen to s£e becomon. pa dyde Cu'Sberhtus swa his gewuna waes, sang his gebedu, on saalicere yoe standende o<5 Sone swyran, and syoSan his cneowa on 6am ceosle gebigde, astrehtum handbredum to heofenlicum rodore. Efne pa comon tvvcgen seolas of s^e- licum grunde, and lu mid heora Hyse his fet drygdon, and mid heora blaede his Ieoma beftedon, and siSftan mid ge- beacne his bletsunge baidon, licgende aet his fotum on feal- wum ceosle. pa Cuftberhtus pa sailican nytenu on sund aseude, mid sofire bletsunge, and on merigenlicere tide his mynster gesohte. WearS pa se munuc micclum afyrht, and adlig on aerne-merigen hine ge-eadinette to Saes halgan cneowum, biddende past he hisadl eallunge aflfgde, and his fyrvvitnysse faederlice miltsode. Se halga pa sona andwyrde, Ic pinum gedwylde dearnunge miltsige, gif pu Sa gesihoe « mid swigan bediglast, oSSaet min sawul heonon siSige, of andwerdum life gelaSod to heofonan. CuSberhtus pa mid gebede his sceaweres seocnysse geheelde, and his fyrwites gauges gylt forgeaf. Fela vvundra wurdon geworhte purh pone halgan CiuV berht, ac we wyllaS for sceortnysse sume forsuwian, py-laes pe peos racu eow to lang pince. Witodlice CuSberhtus ferde, swa swa his gewuna waes, ymbe geleaffulre bodunge, paat he pam ungelaeredum folce lifes weig tashte. pa fleah sum earn aetforan him on siSe, and he his geferan befrfnan ongann, Hwa hi to Sam daege afedan sceolde ? pa cvvaeo his gefera, paet he gefyrn smeade hwaer hi bigleofan biddan sceoldon, paSa hf 6a fare ferdon buton wiste. CuSberhtus pa him togeanes cwaeS, La hwaet se /Elmiktiga God maeg for eaoe unc, purh pisne earn, aetfore sceawian, seoe giuaer Elian afedde purh pone sweartan hremin, aer he to heofonan si Sode. Hi oa ferdon forS-siSigende, and efne se earn on 3am ofre gesaet, mid fisce geflogen, pone he paerrihte gefeng. 56 HOMILIES OF ^LFRIC. pa cwae6 se halga to his geferan, Yrn to 6am earne, and him of-anim paes fisces dael pe he gefangen ha3f5, unc to gereorde. Sy Idf pam iElmihtigan, pe unc purh pisne fugel fedan wolde. Syle swa-peah sumne dael pam earne, to edleane his geswinces. Hi 6a, aefter gereorde, on heora weg ferdon, and Cu6- berhtus jiam folce faegere bodade, paet hf waere waeron wi5 deofles syrwuin, py-laes pe he mid leasunge heora geleafan awyrde, and fram paere bodunge heora mud abrude. paet folc pa feerlice ongann for6-araesan betwux pyssere myne- gunge, micclum bepaeht, paet In paere lare to lyt gymdon. Hwaet se swicola feond hf swiSe bedydrode, swilce paer sum hus soSlice forburne, brastligende mid brandum, gedvvy- morlice swa-peah. pa wolde paet folc paet fyr adwaascan, gif hit aenig-waeta wanian mihte ; ac paes halgan andwerdnys eab'elice acwencte pass deofles dyderunge, pe hf dwollice filigdon, and paes lifes word lythwon gymdon. past folc pa ofsceamod ongean cyrde to 6aere lare pe hf aer forleton, biddende aet 6am lareowe liSe miltsunge, paet hf his lare aar to lyt gymdon, pa6a he 5a fraecednysse him fore saede. CuSberhtus swa-peah on oSrum timan, eall byrnende hus ana ahredde wi5 fyres dare, mid halgum benum, and pone windes blaad aweg flfgde, se6e aar for oft pa aattrigan flan deoflicere costnunge on him sylfum adwaescte, purh gescyldnysse so5es Drihtnes. He wolde gelome leodum bodian on fyrlenum lande unforhtigende. Hwaet pa him geu6e se TElmihtiga God faegre getingnysse pam folce to lare, and him menn ne mihton heora mod behydan, ac hf eadmodlice him geandetton heora digelnyssa, and elles ne dorston, and be his dihte digellice gebetton. Sum eawfaest man eac swilce haefde micele cy66e to Sam halgan CuSberhte, and gelomlice his lare breac : pa geti- mode his wffe wyrs ponne he be6orfte, paet heo purh wdd- nysse micclum waes gedreht. pa com se eawfaesta to 6am HOMILIES OF iELFIUC. 57 eadigan CuSberhte, and he waes on Sam tinian to prafoste geset on Sam munuc-life, ]>e is Lindisfarnea gehiiten. pa ne mihte he for sceame him opeidice secgan, ]>aet his eaw- faeste wff on Saere wodnysse ldeg, ac baed paet he asende sumne broSer ]>aet hire gerihta gedon mihte, serSan J>e heo of lffe gelaed wurde. pa wiste CuSberhtus eal be Sam wife, and wolde burh hine sylfne sona hf geneosian ; forSan be heo aarSan eawfaest leofode, beah be se unsiS hire swa ge- lumpe. pa begann se wer dreorig wepan, anSracigende baes ungelimpes. CuSberhtus hine ba mid wordum gefre- frode, cwaeS ]>aet se deofol ]>e hire derigan wolde, on his geneosunge, hf forlaetan sceolde, and mid micelre fyrhte aweg fleon, and }>aet wff mid gewitte wel sprecende him togeanes gau, and his bridel onfun. Hit Sa gelamp, be Saes lureowes wordum, baet pcet wff gewittig hine mid wor- dum gegrette, baed paet heo moste him mete gearcian, and eydcle hu se deofol hf dearnunge forlet, and swiSe forhti- gende fleames cepte, paSa se halga pider siSode. CuSberhtus se halga siSSan gefremode mihtiglice wundra, on Sam mynstre wunigende. Begann ba on mode micclum smeagan, hu he J>aes folces lof forfleon mihte ; by-laes be he" wurde to hlfsful on worulde, and baes heofenlican lofes fremrie waere. Wolde ]?a anstandende ancer-lff adreogan, and on digelnysse eallunge drohtnian : ferde ]>a to Fame, on flowendre ySe. paet igland is eal beworpen mid sealtum brymme, on sDe middan, fast wiSinnan eall, aer Sam fyrste, mid sweartum gastum swiSe waes afylled, swa pset men ne mihton ]>a moldan bugian, for ]>eowracan sweartra deofla ; ac hf ealle ba endemes flugon, and paet igland eallunge ryiudon j>am acSelan cempan, and he J>aer ana wunode, orsorh heora andan, purh iElmihtigne God. pa waes baet igland mid ealle bedaeled waeteres wynsumnysse, on Sam westum cludum, ac se halga wer ba sona het }>a heardnesstr swiSe holian, on middan )>aere flove b>s fcegeran botles, and d 5 58 HOMILIES OF ^LFRIC. faer waeter aeddre Sa wynsum asprang, werod on swaacce, fain were to brice, seSe hwilon waeter to winlicum swaecce wundorlice awende, faSa hit wolde God. Se halga fa het him bringan saed, wolde on Sam westene waestmes tilian, gif hit swa geuSe se iElmihtiga God, faet he mid his fotum hine fedan moste. He seow fa hwaete on beswuncenum lande, ac hit to waestme aspringan ne moste, ne furSon mid gaerse growende naes. pa het he him bringan bere to saede, and ofer aelcue timan fa eorSan aseow. Hit weox fa mid wynne and wel gerfpode. pa woldon hremmas hine bereatian aet his gedeorfum, gif hf dorston. pa cwaeS se halga to Sam heard-nebbum, Gif se iElmihtiga eow f ises geuSe, brucaS f aera waestma, and me ne biddaS ; gif he f onne eow f ises ne getiSode, gewftaS aweg, waelhreowe fugelas, to eowrum eSele of Sisum iglande. Hwaet, fa hremmas fa ricene flugon ealle tosomne ofer fone sealtan brym, and se halga fa his ge- swinces breac. Eft fa siSSan oSre twegen swearte hremmas siSlice co- mon, and his hus taeron mid heardum bile, and to neste baeron heora briddum to hleowSe. pas eac se eadiga mid ealle aflfgde of Sam eSele mid anum worde ; ac an faera fugela eft fleogende com, ymbe fry dagas, fearle dreorig, fleah to his fotum, friSes biddende, faet he on Sam lande lybban moste symle unscaeSSig, and his gefera samod. Hwaet fa, se halga him faes geuSe, and hf lustbaere faat land gesohton, and brohton fam lareowe lac to medes, swines rysl his scon to gedreoge, and hi faer siSSan unscaeS- Sige wunedon. pa wolde se halga sum hus timbrian to his nedbricum, mid his gebroSra fultume : fa baed he hf anre sylle, faet he mihte faet hus, on Sa s£e healfe, mid faere underlecgan. pa gebroSra him beheton, faet hf woldon faet treow, fonne hfeft comon, him gebringan. pa comon hf, swa swa hf HOMILIES OF iELFRIC. .59 cwaedon, and wurdon, swa-peah, pses treovves ungemyndige; ac se iElmihtiga God his waes gemyndig, and him pa sylle sylf asende mid ]>ara saalicum flode, and paet Add hf awearp paer paer he sylf smeade paet hus to araerenne, on Sam sealtum ofre. pa wunode se halga wer manega gear on 8am ancer-life swiSHce sti<5e, and hine geneosodon geldme eawfaeste menn, and be his litre heora Iff geriht- laehton. pa com him to sum abbudysse, seo waes i^lflaed gehaten, paes cyninges sweoster Ecgfrides ; wolde, purh his myne- gungum, hire mod getrymman. pa, betwux heora spraece, begann heo to halsigenne pone halgan wer, paet he sceolde hire secgan hu lange hire brotior Ecgfridus moste his rfces brucan. pa andwyrde hire se halga, mid twylicere spraece, and cwaeS, For nahte biS geteald anes geares lust, paer Saer se swearta deaS onsigende biS. pa undergeat heo paet se broSer ne moste his liTes brucan ofer pam anum geare, and paerrihte, dreoriglice wepende, hine befran, La leof, sege me, hwa sceal to his rice fdn, ponne he broker naefS, ne he beam ne belaefo*. pa cwaeS se halga wer eft to Sam mae- dene, Se iElmihtiga Scyppend haefo" gehealden sumne ge- corenne pyssere leode to cyninge, and se bio* pe swa leof swa nu is se oSer. pa gedyrstlaehte paet maeden paet heo him pa-gyt to spraec, and cwae<5, Mislice smeagaS manna heortan; sume wilniao* geSincSe pyssere worulde, sume gefyllaS heora fracedan lustas, and hf ealle syfrSan sorhlice waedliaS. pu forsihst pone healican wurSmynt, and pe is leofre on (Sisum wacum scraefum, ]>onne pu on healle healic biscop sitte. pa cwae<5 se witega, poet he wurSe naere swa miccles hades, ne ftaes heah-setles, ac, swa-peah, nan man Codes mihte ne forflihS, on naniwn heolstrum heofenan, otSSe eorSan, o5<5e sae priddan. Ic gelyfe, swa-peah, gif se /Elmihtiga me haat pass hades bcon, paet ic eft mote pis igland gesecan, aefter twegra geara ymbryne, and pyses GO HOMILIES OF ^LFRIC. eSeles brucan. Ic bidde ]>e, iElflaad, \>get \>u uncre sprsece on minum lffe niinum ne ameldige. JEfter }>isum wordum wear? gemot gehasfd, and Ecgfridus J>aer-on gesaat, and peodorus, J>ises fglandes ercebiscop, mid manegum oSrum geoungenum witum, and hf ealle anmod- lice ]>one eadigan CuSberhtum to biscope gecuron. pa sendon hf sona gewritu mid fam aerende to Sam eadigan were ; ac hf ne mihton hine of his mynstre gebringan. pa reow se cyning sylf Ecgfridus to 8am iglande, and Trum- wine biscop, mid oSrum eawfaestum werum, and hf J>one lialgan swio'e halsodon, heora cneow bigdon, and mid tearum baadon, oSSaet hf hine wepende of 6am westene atugon to Sam sinoSe samod mid him ; and he J>one had be heora haase underfeng, swa swa hit gefyrn air gesaed waes, ]»urh J>aas cildes muS, and J>aes masran biscopes Boi- siles, ]>e him mid soSre vvitegunge his lffes endebyrdnysse sasde. On Sam ylcan geare wearS eac ofslegen Ecgfridus, se aeSela cyning, on his unsiSe, ]>aSa he on Peohtum begann to feohtenne to dyrstelice, ofer Drihtnes willan ; and his cyfes-borena broSor siSSan rixode, seSe for wisdome wende to Scottum, paet he aal'Seodig on lare geSuge. pa waas ge- fylled seo foresaede spraec, swa swa se halga wer saade ]>am maedene be hire gebroSrum, aar he biscop waere. Hwaet )>a, siSSan se halga CuSberhtus, Lindisfarnensiscere gelaSunge leod-biscop, mid ealre gecneordnysse his folces gymde, to geefenlaecunge faara eadigra apostola, and hf mid singalum gebedum gescylde wio" deofol, and mid halwendum myn- gungum to heofonan tihte ; and he swa leofode swa swa he sylf laerde, and a his bodunga mid gebysnungum astealde, and eac mid wundrum wel geglengde, and mid soSre lufe symle geswette, and gemetegode mid micclum geSylde, and waes swiSe estful on adcere spraace. He nolde awendan his gewunelican bigleofan, ne his gewaada, J>e he on westene HOMILIES OF ^LFRIC. 61 haefde, ac 8a stiSnyssa his stearcan bigleofan, betwux lae- weduia folce, on his life geheold. He waes swiSe welig waed- lum and pearfum, and symle hira sylfum swioe hafenleas. pa geworhte he fela wundra eac binnon pam fyrste pe he biscop waes. Mid halgum wsetere he gehaelde sum wff, anes ealdormannes aewe, fram earmlicere coSe, and heo sona gesund him sylfum ]>enode. Eft, on Saere ylcan tide, he mid ele gesmyrode an licgende maeden on langsumum sare, purh hefigtymum heafod-ece, and hire sona waes bet. Sum eawfaest wer waes eac yfele gehaefd, and laeg aet forS- sitSe, his freondum orwene. pa haefde heora sum haligne hlaf, pone se eadiga wer 8er gebletsode, and he pone paer- rihte on waeter bedypte, and his adligum msege on oone mu5 begeat, and he pyjrrihte paet adl gestilde. Eac on oorum timan, sum adlig cniht faerlice wearS geferod aetfo- ran pam witan, pa'Sa he mid lare geond land ferde ; pa baedon pa barmen his bletsunge georne, and he paerrihte pone cniht araerde, swa paet he gesundful sioode on fotum, seSe on baere pider geboren waes. Sum earm moder uneaSe- lice baer hire samcuce cild swioe dreorig, on rJam ylcan wege pe se wita ferde ; pa besargode he paere sorhfullan meder, and geswoeslice 8a hire sunu cyste ; cwseS paat hire cild ge- sund beon sceolde, and eal hire hfwisc haelSe brucan ; and paes witegan word wurdon gefyllede. iElflaed pa eft, paet aeSele maeden, pone halgan lareow to hire gelaSode : pa gesaet he aet mysan micclum onbryrd, he beseah to heofonum and his sex awearp. pa axode hine seo eadige faemne, hwf he swa hraedlice his gereord forlete? pa cwaeS se biscop, mid onbryrdum mode, Efne nu ic ge- seah englas ferigan gesaelige sawle of Sinum boc-lande, to healicre heofenan, mid halgum sange, and his nama pe bir> ardlice gecydd on aerne-merigen, ponne ic offrige Gode pa lfflican lac on geleaffulre cyrcan. Hit wearS pa gewfd- maersod, swa swa se witcga cvvaeS, paet hire hyrdcinan, purh 62 HOMILIES OF iELFRIC. holdraedene pa, sume ac astah, and his orf laeswode mid treowenum helrne, and he hearde feoll, gewat of worulde mid wuldre to Gode, for Saare hylde his hirdraedene. Hwa ma±g aefre ealle gereccan pa mihtigan tacna pises halgan weres, hu oft he eaSelice adlige gehaelde, and pa sweartan gastas symle aflfgde, and faegra manna forSsiS fore-gleaw sasde, wis purh vvitegunge wisdomes gastes. pa wunode sum sacerd swiSe gelyfed on ancer-setle oefter his lure, and on gehwilcum geare hine geneosode, Here- berhtus gehaten, hohful on mode. CuSberhtus pa sona hine on-sundron gespraec, cwaeS past he pa sceolde swiSlice befrman his nyd-pearfnysse, aer his nextan daage ; cwaeS paet he ne moste on menniscum lffe hine eft geseon, of pam andweardan daege. Hereberhtus pa swiSe hohful wearS, and feol to his fotum, mid flowendum tearum baed, paet he moste him mid siSian to heofenlicum prymme, of Sisum gewinne, swa swa he on lffe his lare gehyrsumode. Hwaet pa, se biscop his cneowa gebigde to pissere bene, mid bliSum mode, and sySSan pone sacerd sona gefrefrode ; ewi-eS paet him geuSe se iElmihtiga Wealdend, paet hf aet- somne siSian moston of Sisum earfoSnyssum, to ecere myrhSe. Hereberhtus pa ham gewende, and, on leger- bedde licgende, abad paes oSres geendunge, mid adligum lymum. CuSberhtus se halga pa swiSe onette to Sam aneer-setle, pe he aer gesaet, purh halige mynegunge mihtiges Drihtnes ; wolde on Sam lande his Iff geendian, paer paer he aer lange lybbende drohtnode. And he on Sam lande pa gelegered wearS on his forSsiSe swiSe fus to Gode, on Sam priddan geare his biscophades, and on pisum daege to Drihtne ge- wat, and Hereberhtus samod, se halga sacerd, swa swa hf on lffe &r geleornodon, purh Godes Gast, mid godum will- an. His lfc wearS bebyrged on Lindisfarneiscre cyrcan, paer wurdon geworhte wundra forwel fela, purh geearnun- HOMILIES OF iELFRIC. 63 gum his eadigan lffes. pa gelicode hit pam Ieod-biscope, Eadberhte sylfum, his aeftergengan, paet he his lichaman up pa geldgode, on Sam endlyftan geare his geendunge. pa wearo" paet halige lie hal on eorSan geinet, gesundful licgende, swilce he slaepende waere, liSebige on limum, swa swa he geled waes. Sy wuldor and lof pam welegan Drihtne, seSe his geco- renan swa cystelice wurSaS, a3fter deadlicum hTe, mid him lybbende a on ecnysse ealra worulda. Amen Feria IIII. De Fide Catholica. JElc cristen man sceal aefter rihte cunnan aegSer ge his Pater nosterge his Credan. Mid pam Pater nostre he sceal hine gebiddan ; mid fam Credan he sceal his geleafan getrymman. We habbaS gesaed embe ]>?et Pater noster, nu we wyllaS secgan eow pone geleafan ))e on pam Credan stent, swa swa se wisa Augustinus, be paere Halgan pryn- nysse, trahtnode. An Scyppend is ealra pinga,gesewenlicra and ungesewen- licra ; and we sceolon on hine gelyfan, forpon pe he is so8 God and ana iElmihtig, sefte naefre ne ongann ne anginn naefde, ac he sylf is anginn, and he eallum gesceaftum an- ginn and ordfruman forgeaf, paet hf beon mihton, and paet In' haefdon agen gecynd, swa swa hit paare godcundlican fadunge gelicode. Englas he* worhte, pa sind gastas, and nabbac") naenne lichaman. Menn he gesceop mid gaste and mid lichaman. Nytenu and deor, fixas and lugelas he gesceop on flaesce, butan sawle. Mannum he sealde up- rihtne gang ; pa nytenu he let gan alotene. Mannum he* forgeaf hliif to bigleofan, and pam nytenum gaars. 61 HOMILIES OF ^LFRIC. Nu mage ge, gebroftru, understandan, gif ge wyllaS, peet twa ping syndon, an is Scyppend, ofter is gesceaft. He is Scyppend, setie gesceop and geworhte ealle ping of nahte. peet is gesceaft past se sooa Scyppend gesceop ; peet sind eerest heofonas, and englas pe on heofonum wuniao" ; and sySSan peos eoifie, mid eallum pam pe hire on eardiaS, and see, mid eallum pam pe hyre on swymmao". Nu ealle pas ping synd mid anura naman genemnode gesceaft. Hf naeron eefre wunigende, ac God hf gesceop. pa gesceafta sind fela, an is se Scyppend, pe hf ealle gesceop, se ana is iElmihtig God. He wees eefre, and aefre he biS purhwu- nigende on him sylfum, and purh hine sylfne. Gif he on- gunne and anginn haefde, butan tweon, ne mihte he beon iElmihtig God. SoSlice peet gesceaft, pe ongann and ge- sceapen is, neefo" nane godcundnysse ; form' eelc edwist peette God nys, paet is gesceaft ; and peet pe gesceaft nis, peet is God. Se God wunaft on Srynnysse untodaeledlic, and on an- nysse tinre Godcundnysse. Softlice oper is se Feeder, oper isse Sunu, oSer is se Halga Gast; ac, peah-hweeSere, peera preora is an Godcundnys, and gelfc wuldor, and efen-ece meegen-prymnys. TElmihtig God is se Feeder, iElmihtig God is se Sunu, iElmihtig God is se Halga Gast. Ac, peah- hweeSere, ne sind pry /Elmihtige Godas, ac an iElmihtig God. pry hf sind on hadum and on naman, and an on Godcundnysse. pry, forpi pe se Feeder bi$ eefre Feeder, and se Sunu biS eefre Sunu, and se Halga Gast biS eefre Halig Gast ; and hyra nan ne awent neefre of pam pe he is. Nu habbafi ge gehyred pa Halgan prynnysse ; ge sceolon eac gehyran pa so'San Annysse. Sofilice se Feeder and se Sunu and se Halga Gast hab- baS ane Godcundnysse, and an gecynd, and an weorc. Ne worhtc se Feeder nan ping, ne ne wyrcS, butan pam Suna, oSSe butan pam Halgan Gaste. Ne heora nan ne wyrco" HOMILIES OF ^LFRIC. 65 nan ping butan opium ; ac him eallum is an vveorc, and an raed, and an willa. /Efre waes se Fader, and aefre waes se Sunu, and aefre waes se Halga Cast, an iElmihtig God. Se is Feeder, seSe nis nafter ne geboren ne gesceapen fram nanum 06'rum; se is Faeder gehaten, forpan pe he haei'5 Sunu, pone pe he of him sylfum gestrynde, butan aelcere meder. Se Faeder is God of nanum Gode. Se Sunu is God, of ]>am Faeder Gode. Se Halga Gast is God, forS- staeppende of ]>am Faeder and of pam Suna. pas word sind sceortlice gesaede, and eow is neod paet we hi swute- licor eow onwreon. Hwaet is se Faeder ? iElmihtig Scyppend, na geworht, ne acenned ; ac he" sylf gestrynde Beam, him sylfum efen- ece. Hwaet is se Sunu ? He is paes Faeder Wisdom, and his Word, and his Miht, purh pone se Faeder gesceop ealle ping and gefadode. Nis se Sunu na geworht ne gesceapen, ac he is acenned. Acenned he is, and, peah-hwaepere, he is efen-eald and efen-ece his Faeder. Nis na swa on his acennednysse, swa swa biSon ure acennednysse. ponne se mann sunu gestrynS, and his cild acenned bit), ]>onne bi6 se faeder mara, and se sunu laessa. Hwi swa ? Forpi, ponne se sunu wyxS, purine ealdao" se faeder. Ne finst pu na ge- lice on mannum faeder and sunu. Ac ic pe sylle bysne, hu pu Godes acennednysse py bet understandan miht : fyr acenS of him beorhtnysse, and seo beorhtnys is efen-eald pam fyre : nis na pet fyr of paere beorhtnysse, ac seo beorht- nys is of pam fyre. paet fyr acen<5 pa beorhtnysse, ac hit ne bi5 naefre butan paere beorhtnysse. Nu pu gehyrst paet seo beorhtnys is ealswa eald swa paet fyr pe heo of- cymS ; gepafa nu forpi paet God mihte gestrynan ealswa eald beam and ealswa ece swa he sylf is. Se oe maeg un- derstandan paet ure Haelend Crist is on paere Godcundnysse ealswa eald swa his Faeder, he pancige poes Gode, and blis- sige. Se Se understandan ne maeg, he hit sceal gelyfan, 66 HOMILIES OF JELYRIC. paet he hit understandan meege ; for]>an pa?s witegan word ne maeg beon afdlod, pe pus cwaeS, Buton ge hit gelyfan, ne mage ge hit understandan. Nu habbe ge gehyred, paet se Sunu is of pam Faeder, butan aelcum anginne ; forpan pe he is paes Faeder Wisdom, and he waes aefre mid pam Faeder, and aefre brS. Uton nu gehyran be pam Halgan Gaste, hwaet he sy. He is se Willa and seo soSe Lufu paes Faeder and paes Suna, purh pone sind ealle ping gelfrfaeste and gehealdene ; be j>aui is pus gecweden, Godes Gast gefylS ealne ymbhwyrft middangeardes, and he liylt ealle ping, and he haef <"> ingehyd aelces gereordes. Nis he geworht, ne gesceapen, ne acen- ned ; ac he is forSstaeppende, paet is, ofgangende, of pam Faeder and of pam Suna, pam he is gelic and efen-ece. Nis se Halga Gast na Sunu, forpan pe he nis na acenned ; ac he gae<5 of pam Faeder and of pam Suna gelice ; forpan pe he is heora beigra Willa and Lufu. Crist cwaeS pus be him on his godspelle : Se Frofor-Gast, pe ic eow asendan wille, Gast paere soSfaestnysse pe of minum Faeder gaeS, he cy<5 gecyftnysse be me ; paet is, he is min gewita post ic eom Godes Sunu. And eac se rihta geleafa us taec8, paet we sceolon gelyfan on pone Halgan Gast ; he is se lfffaestenda God, se gaeS of pam Faeder and of pain Suna. Hu gaeft he of him ? Se Sunu is paes Faeder Wisdom, aefre of pam Faeder ; and se Halga Gast is heora beigra Willa, aefre of him bam. Is forpi ponne an Faeder, seSe aefre is Faeder, and an Sunu, seSe aefre biS Sunu, and an Halig Gast, sefte aefre biS Halig Gast. iEfre waes se Faeder, butan anginne, and aefre waes se Sunu mid pam Faeder, forpan pe he is paes Faeder Wisdom. JEfre waes se Halga Gast, seSe is heora beigra Willa and Lufu. Nis se Faeder of nanum oSrum, ac he waes aefre. Se Sunu is acenned of 6am Faeder, ac he waes aefre on pdes Faeder bosme, forpan Se he is his Wisdom, and he is of HOMILIES OF ;ELFRIC. 67 pam Feeder eal paet he is. i^Efre waes se II alga Gast, for- pan tie he is, swa we aer cwaedon, Willa and soft" Lufu paas Faeder and paes Suna. SoSlice willa and lufu getacniao an ping ; paet paet pu wylt, paet pu lufast, and paet paet pu nelt, paet pu ne lufast. Seo sunne, pe ofer us scinS, is lichamlic gesceaft, and haefS swa-peah preo agennyssa on hire ; an is seo lichamlice edwist, paet is paere sunnan trendel ; ofter is se leoina, oftSe beorhtnys, aefre of paere sunnan, seope onlihtealne middan- geard ; pridde is seo haetu, pe mid pam leoman becymS to us. Se leoma is aefre of paere sunnan, and aefre mid hire, and paes iElmihtigan Codes Sunu is aefre of Jiara Faeder acenned, and aefre mid him wunigende. Be pam cwaeo" se apostol, paet he waere his Faeder wuldres beorhtnys. paere sunnan haetu gaeS forfi of hire and of hire leoman ; and se Halga Gast gaeS aefre of pam Faeder and of pam Suna ge- lice. Be pam is pus awriten, Nis nan pe hine behydan maege fram his haetan. Faeder and Sunu and Halig Gast ne magon beon togae- dere genamode, ac hf ne beoS swa-peah nahwiir totwsemede. Nis se iElmihtiga God na pryfeald, ac is prynnys. God is se Faeder, and se Sunu is God, and se Halga Gast is God. Na pry Godas, ac hf ealle pry an iElmihtig God. Se Fae- der is eac Wisdom of nanum oprum wisdome ; se Sunu is eac Wisdom of pam wisan Faeder ; se Halga Gast is Wis- dom : ac peah-hwaeoere hf sind ealle aetgaedere an Wisdom. Eft, se Faeder is soS Lufu, and se Sunu is soS Lufu, and se Halga Gast is soo" Lufu ; and hf ealle aetgaedere an God, and an soft Lufu. Eac swilce is se Faeder Gast and halig, and se Sunu is Gast and halig, untwylice : peah-hwaeoere, se Halga Gast is synderlice gehaten Halig Gast, paet paet hf ealle pry sind gemaenelice. Swa micel gelicnys is on pyssere Halgan prynnysse, paet se Faeder nis na mare ponne se Sunu on paere Godcund- 68 HOMILIES OF iELFRIC. nysse, ne se Sunu nis na mare ponne se Halga Gast, ne nan heora an nis na laesse, ponne eall seo prynnys. Swa hwaer swa heora an bi<5, paer hf beoS ealle fry, aefre an God un- todaeledlic. Nis heora nan mare ponne o<5er, ne nan laessa ponne ofter, ne nan beforan oprum, ne nan baeftan oprum ; forpan swa hwaet swa laesse bi$ ponne God, paet ne bi5 na God ; paet paet lator biS, paet haef<5 anginn ; ac God naefo" nan anginn. Nis na se Feeder ana prynnys, oSSe se Sunu prynnys, oSSe se Halga Gast prynnys ; ac pas pry hadas sindon an God on anre Godcundnysse. ponne pu gehyrst nemnan pone Faeder, ponne understenst pu paet he haefo" Sunu. Eft, ponne }m cwyst Sunu, pu wast butan tweon paet he haefS Feeder. Eft, we gelyfaS paet se Halga Gast is aegSer ge paes Faeder ge pass Suna Gast. Ne bepaece mm man hine sylfne, swa paet he secge oSSe gelyfe past pry Godas syndon, oSSe aenig had on paere Hal- gan prynnysse sy unmihtigra ponne oSer. iElc paerapreora is God; peah-hwee8ere hf ealle an God; forpan pe hf ealle habbaS an gecynd, and ane Godcundnysse, and ane edwiste, and an gepeaht, and an weorc, and ane maegen-prymnysse, and gelic wuldor, and efen-ece rice. Is peah-hwae5ere se Sunu ana geflaeschamod, and geboren to men of pam hal- gan maedene Marian. Ne weaf8 se Faeder mid mennisc- nysse befangen, ac peah-hwaeftere he asende his Sunu to ure alysednysse, and him aefre mid waes, aegfter ge on lffe ge on prowunge, and on his aeriste, and on his upstige. Eac eal Godes gelaSung andet on pam rihtan geleafan, paet Crist is acenned of pam claenan maedene Marian, and of pam Halgan Gaste. Nis se Halga Gast peah-hwaeSere Cristes Faeder, ne nan Cristen man paet naefre ne sceal gel y fan; ac se Halga Gast is Willa paes Faeder and pass Suna : forpi ponne swifie rihtlice is awriten on urum ge- leafan, paet Cristes menniscnys wearo" gefremmed purh pone Halgan Willan. HOMILIES OF iELFRIC. 69 Beheald pas sunnan mid gleawnysse, on pasre is, swa we aer cwaedon, haetu and beorhtnys ; ac seo haetu drygS, and seo beorhtnys onlyht. Ooer J)ing deo" seo haetu and ooer seo beorhtnys, and peah-hwae5ere hf ne magon beon to- tvvaemde; belimpo' hvvaepere-peah seo hoepung to paere haetan, and seo onlihting belimpo* to paere beorhtnysse. Swa eac Crist ana underfeng pa menniscnysse, and na se Faeder ne se Halga Gast ; peah-hwaeSere hf waeron aefre mid him, on eallum his weorcum, and on ealre his fare. We sprecaS ymbe God, deaSlice be undea<5licum, tyddre be aelmihtigum, earmingas be mildheortum ; ac hwa mseg weorof ullice sprecan be pam pe is unasecgendlic. He is butan gemete, forpy pe he is aeghwaer ; he is butan getele, forpon pe he is aefre ; he is butan hefe, for])on pe he hylt ealle gesceafta butan geswince, and he hf ealle gelogode on pam prim pingum, paet is on gemete, and on getele, and on hefe. Ac wite ge paet nan man ne maeg fullice embe God sprecan, ponne we furoon pa gesceafta, pe he gesceop, ne magon asmeagan ne areccan. Hwa maeg mid wordum paere heofe- nan freatevvunge asecgan ? 056e hwa paere eorftan waestm- baernysse ? OSSe hwa heraft genihtsumlice ealra tida ymb- hwyrft? OeSSe hwa ealle oSre ping, ponne we furpon pa lichomlican ping, pe we onlociaft, ne magon fullice befon mid ure gesihSe ? Efne pu gesihst pone mannan beforan pe ; ac, on paere tfde pe pu his neb gesihst, pu ne gesihst na his hrieg : ealsvva, gif pu sumne claS sceawast, ne miht pu hine ealne togaedere geseon, ac wenst abutan, paet pu ealne hine geseo. Hwylc wundor is, gif se iElmihtiga God is unasecgendlic and unbefangenlic, se$e aeghwaer is eall, and nawar todaeled ? Nu smeaS sum uudeoppancol man, hu God maege beon aeghwaer aetgaedere, and nawar todaeled : beheald pas sun- nan, hu heage heo astihS, and hu heo asent hyre leoman geond ealne middangeard, and hu heo onliht ealle pas 70 HOMILIES OF iELFRIC. eorSan pe mancynn on-eardaS. Swa hratie swa heo up- asprincS, on aerne-merigen, heo scinft on Hierusalem and on Rome-byrig, and on J)isum earde, and on eallum eardum aetgaedere ; and hwaeSere heo is gesceaft, and gae<5 be Godes dihte. Hwaet wenst pu, hu miccle swi<5or is Godes anweardnys, and his miht, and his neosung aeghwaer? Him ne wiftstent nan ping, naper ne staenen weall, ne bryden wah, swa swa hf wi'Sstandao' paere sunnan. Him nis nan ping digle ne uncuS. pu sceawast paes mannes neb, and God sceawaS his heortan. Godes Gast afandaft ealra manna heortan ; and pa pe on hine gelyfaS, and hine lufiaft, pa he claensao" and gegladaS mid his neosunge ; and paera unge- leafFulra manna heortan he forbyhS and onscunaft. Wite eac gehwa, paet aelc man haef5 preo ping on him sylfum untodaeledlice and togaedere wyrcende, swa swa God cwceS, paSa he aerest man gesceop. He cwaeS, Uton gewyrcean man to ure gelicnysse. And he worhte pa Adam to his anlicnysse. On hwilcum daele haefS se man Godes anlicnysse on him ? On paere sawle, na on pam lichaman. paes mannes sawl haefS on hire gecynde paere Halgan pryn- nysse anlicnysse ; forpan pe heo haefS on hire preo ping : paet is gemynd, and andgit, and willa. purh paet gemynd, se man gepenco* pa ping pe he gehyrde, oSSe geseah, oSSe geleornode. purh paet andgit he understent ealle pa ping pe he gehyrS, oSSe gesihft. Of pam willan cumao" gepohtas, and word, and weorc, aegSer ge yfele ge gode. An sawul is, and an Iff, and an edwist, seope haef5 pas preo ping on hire togaedere wyrcende untodaeledlice ; forpi paer paet gemynd biS, paer bio* past andgit and se willa ; and aefre hf beoS togaedere. peah-hwaeftere, nis nan paera preora seo sawl, ac seo sawl purh paet gemynd gemanft, purh paet and- git heo understent, purh pone willan heo wile swa hwaet swa hire lica<5, and heo is hwaeSere an sawl and an Iff. Nu haefo" heo forpi Godes anlicnysse on hire, forpan pe heo HOMILIES OF 7ELFRIC. 71 haefft preo ping on hfre untodaeledlice wyrcende. Is peah- hwaeftere se man an man and na prynnys. God soSlice, Faeder, and Sunu, and Halig Gast, purhwunaS on pryn- nysse hada, and on annysse ttnre Godcundnysse. Nis na se man on prynnysse wunigende, swa swa God, ac he haefo 1 hwaeftere Godes anlicnysse on his sawle, purh pa preo ping pe we aer cwaedon. Arrius hatte an gedwolman, se flat wi<5 senne bisceop, pe waes genemned Alexander, wis and riht-gelyfed. pa cwaeS se gedwolman, pa>t Crist, Godes Sunu, ne mihte na beon his Faeder gelic, ne swa mihtig swa he ; and cwaeS, paet se Faeder waere aer se Sunu, and nam bysne be mannum, hu aelc sunu bio gingra ponne se faeder on pisum life, pa cwaecS se halga bisceop Alexander him togeanes, God waes aefre, and aefre wass his Wisdom of him acenned, and se Wis- dom is se Sunu, ealswa mihtig swa se Faeder. pa begeat se gedwola paes caseres fultum to his gedwylde, and cwaeo" gemot ongean pone bisceop, and wolde gebigan eal paet folc to his gedwyldum. pa vvacode se bisceop tine niht on Godes cyrcan, and clypode to his Drihtne, and pus cwaeS, pu, iFlmihtiga God, dem rihtne dom betwux me and Ar- rium. Hi conion pa paes on niergen to pam gemote, pa cwa2<5 se gedwola to his geferum, paet he wolde gan embe his neode for'S. paoa he to gauge com and he gesaat, pa gewand him itt eall his innewearde, aet his setle, and he saet peer dead, pa geswutelode God, paet he waes swa geaemtegod on his innofie, swa swa he waes ear on his ge- leafan. He wolde don Crist laessan ponne he is, and his godcundnysse wurSmynt wanian. pa wearS him swa bys- morlic deaft geseald, swa swa he wel wyroe waes. Oper gedwolman waes, se hatte Sabellius. He cwaeo - paet se Faeder waere, paSa he wolde, Faeder, and eft, paSa he wolde, he waere Sunu, and eft, pafta he wolde, waerp 72 HOMILIES OF iELFRIC. Halig Gast ; and waere forpi an God. pa forwear<5 eac pes gedwola, mid his gedwylde. Nu eft past Iudeisce folc, pe Crist ofslogon, swa swa he sylf wolde and gepafode, secgaS pset hfwillaS gelyfan on pone Feeder, and na on pone Sunu pe hyra magas ofslogon. Heora geleafa is naht, and hf forpi losiaS. For ure alysed- nysse Crist gepafode J>aet hf hirie ofslogon. Hit ne mihte eal mancynn gedon, gif he sylf nolde. Ac se halga Faeder gesceop and geworhte mancyn purh his Sunu, and he wolde eft, Jmrh pone ylcan, us alysan frara helle wite, papa we forwyrhte wseron. Butan aelcere prowunge he mihte us habban, ac him puhte past unrihtlic. Ac se deofol for- wyrhte hine sylfne, pafta he tihte past Iudeisce folc to paes Haelendes siege ; and we wurdon alysede, purh his unscyl- digan deaS, fram pam ecan dea^e. We habbao" pone geleafan pe Crist sylf taehte his apo- stolum, and hf eallum mancynne ; and pone geleafan God haefS mid manegum wundrum getrymmed and gefsestnod. iErest Crist, purh hine sylfne, dumbe and deafe, healte and blinde, wode and hreoflige gehaelde, and pa deadan to lffe araerde ; sySoan, purh his apostolas and oftre halige men, pas ylcan wundra geworhte : nu eac, on urum timan, gehwaer paer halige men hf restaS, set heora deadum banum God wyrcS fela wundra ; to pi past he wile folces geleafan mid pam wundrum getrymman. Ne wyrcfi God na pas wundra aet nanes Iudeisces mannes byrgene, ne aet nanes opres gedwolan, ac aet riht-gelyfedra manna byrgenum, pa pe gelyfdon on pa Halgan prynnysse, and on sooe annysse anre Godcundnysse. Wite gehwa eac, paet nan man ne mot beon tuwa geful- lod ; ac gif se man aefter his fulluhte aslide, we gelyfaS pset he maege beon gehealden, gif he his synna mid wope behreowsaS, and be lareowa taecunge hf gebet. We sceolon HOMILIES OF .ELFRIC. 73 gelyfan paet aelces mannes sawul bitS Jmrh God gesceapen ; ac hwaepere heo ne bid" na of Godes agenum gecynde. paes mannes lichaman antiniber biS of pam feeder and of pare meder, ac God gescyptS pone lichaman of pam antimbre, and asent on pone lichaman sawle. Ne bi'5 seo sawl nahwar wunigende airor, ac God hf gescypS paerrihte and beset on pone lichaman, and laet hf habban agenne eyre, svva heo syngige, svva heo synna forbuge. peah-hwaeSere, heo be- hofaS asfre Godes fultumes, paet heo maege synna forbugan, and eft to hyre Scyppende becuman, Jmrh gode geearnunga; forpon pe nan man ne deS butan Gode nan ping to gode. Eac we sceolon gelyfan paet aelc lichama, pe sawle un- derfeng, sceal arisan, on domes daeg, mid pam ylcan licha- man pe he nu haefS, and sceal onfon edlean ealra his daeda; ponne habbaS pa godan ece Iff mid Gode, and he sylft pa mede aelcum be his geearnungum. Da synfullan beoo" on helle-wite a Srowigende, and heora wite bio' eacgemetegod, aelcum be his geearnungum. Uton forpi geearnian paet ece Iff mid Gode, Jmrh pisne geleafan, and purh gode ge- earnunga, se$e purhwunaS on prynnysse, an .^lmihtig God, aa on ecnysse. Amen. Dominica Septuagesima. Drihten saede pis bigspel his leorning-cnihtum, pus cweft- ende : Simile est regnum ccelorum homini patri familias, qui exiit primo mane, conducere operarios in vineam suam: et reliqua. Se Haelend cwaecS paet heofenan rice waere gelfc sumum hfredes ealdre, sepe ferde on aerne-merigen, and wolde hyrian wyrhtan in to his wfngearde. Da gewearo" pam hlaforde and pam hyrig-mannum wiS itnuin peninge, and hf eodon in to pam wfngearde. Eft, ymbe undern dasges, eode paes wfngeardes hluford ut and gemette opre hyr- men standende ydele on pasre straste, and he cwsS him to, E 74. HOMILIES OF JELFRIC. Gao* in to minum wfngearde, and ic sylle eow paet riht bifi. Hf pa eodon to his weorce be pam behate. Ymbe midne daeg and non-tfde, eode se hfredes ealdor ut, and dyde hand swa gelfce. JEt nextan twa tfda ofer none, eode se hlaford, and gemette ma wyrhtan standan, and him to cwaeS, Hwf stande ge her ealne daeg aemtige? Hf and- wyrdon, Forpan pe us nan mann ne hyrde. Se hlaford cwaaS, Gao" in to minum wfngearde. Witodlice on aefnunge cwaeo" se hlaford to his wfcnere, Clypa pas wyrhtan, and agyld him heora mede ; foh on pam endenextan, oft paet pu cume to fain fyrmestan. pa comon pa endenextan, pe on aefnunge waeron gehyrede, and heora aelc underfeng aenne pening. Hwaet, pa fyrmestan, pe on aerne-merigen comon, wendon pa ]>03t hf maran mede onfon sceoldon : pa under- fengon hf aenlipige penegas, swa swa pa opre. Da ongunnon hf to ceorigenne ongean pone hfredes ealdor, and cwaedon, pas endenextan menn worhton ane tfde, and pu dydest hf us gelice aet pa?.re hyre, we pe baaron oa byrSene pisses daeges and haatan. pa andwyrde se hlaford, and cwaeo" to heora anum, Du freond, ne do ic pe naenne teonan. Hula, le gewearS unc to anum peninge ? Nim past pin is, and ga Se forS. Ic wille softlice syllan pisum latestan swa micel swa pe. Hit, ne mot ic don paet ic wylle ? OS5e pin eage is yfel, forSan 6e ic eom god? pus waeron pa latestan fyrmeste, and pa fyrmestan endenexte. Fela sind gecigede, and feavva gecorene. Gregorius se Trahtnere cwaeS paet pis godspel haefS langne tfge on his trahtnunge, pa he wile mid sceortre race befon ; paet hit to hefigtyme ne pincepam heorcnigendum. Mine gebroftra, gelome ic eow saede paet heofonan rfce getacnaS pas andwerdan gelafiunge ; forpan pe rihtwisra manna gegaderung is gecweden heofenan rfce. Se hfredes ealdor is ure Scyppend, sepe gewylt pa pe he gesceop, and his gecorenan on pisum middauearde geagnaS, swa swa HOMILIES OF iELFRIC. hlaford his hfred on his liealle. He haefft pone wfngeard gevvislice eallo pa geleaff'ullan gelaftunge, swa swasewitega cwaeS Isaias, SoSlice Godes wfngeard is Israhela hiwrseden. Mid j);im naman is geswutelod eal Godes folc. Be 8am wfngearde cwaeft Drihten to Iudeiscre peode, Ic secge eow paet Godes rfce bit) eow aetbroden, and biS forgyfen paere peode pe his waestmas wyrcaS. pes wfngeard sprytte Godes gecorenan fram pam rihtwisan Abel 08 pam endenextan halgan pe on pyssere worulde accenned biS, swilce he* swa fela wfn-boga getyddrode. Witodlice pes hfredes ealdor gehyrde wyrhtan in to his wfngearde on aerne-merigen, eft on undern, and on midne daeg, on non-tfde, and on paere endlyftan tfde; forpan pe he fram frymoe midclaneardes 08 his geendunge, ne ablinS to asendenne bydelas and la- reowas to laerenne his folc, paet hf symle pa misweaxendan bogas of-ascreiidian, paet pa toweardan peonde beon. Wi- todlice, gif se wfngeard naefS pone ymbhwyrft, and ne bifi on riht gescreadod, ne biS he waestmbaere, ac for hraoe awildaft. Swa eac Godes folc, buton pa lareowas screadian symle pa leahtras Jmrh heora lare aweg, ne biS paet laewede folc waestmbaere on godum weorcum. Eornostlice, se 8sr- merigen wees fram Adam 08 Noe, se undern fram Noe oS Abraham, se mid-daeg fram Abraham 08 Moysen, se non fram Moyse 08 Drihtnes to-cyme, seo endlyfte tfd fram Drihtnes acennednysse oft ende pises middaneardes. Drihten sende his wyrhtan on eallum pisum foresaedum tfdum to beganne his wfngeard ; forpan pe he asende aerest heah- faederas to l&erenne his folc, and siSpan aelice lareowas and wftegan, and aet nextan his apostolas, and purh pa his folces peawas beeode, swilce he purh wyrhtan on wfngeardes bfg- gencge swunce. iElc paera manna, pe mid rihtum geleafan god weorc beeode, waes untwylice pises wfngeardes wyrhta. Se me- rigenlica tilia, and paere priddan tfde, and p3ere sixtan, and e2 76 HOMILIES OF /ELFRIC. paare nigooan, gehicniaS pset ealde Ebreisce folc, pe fram frymSe inirid- dan tfde; ure fulfremeda waestm, swa swa middaeg ; forpan pe on midne daeg bio - seo sunne on pam ufemestum ryne stigende, swa swa se fulfremeda waestm bio* on fulre strencfte peonde ; seo ndn-tfd bitS ure yld, forpan pe on non-tfde astiho 1 seo* sunne, and pass ealdigendan mannes maegen bit" wanigende; seo endlyfte tfd bits seo forwerode ealdnys, pam (i( a$e genenlsecende, swa swa seo sunne setlunge genealiecft on paes daeges geendunge. Eornostlice ponne sume beofi gelaedde on cildliade to god urn peawum and rihtum lffe, sume on cnihthude, sume on gepungenum waestme, sume on vide, sume on forwerodre ealdnysse; ponne biS hit swylce ln'beon on mislicum tfdum to pam wfngearde gelaSode. HOMILIES OF iELFRIC. 77 Mine gebroftra, behealdao' eowere beawas, and, gif ge gyt Godes wyrhtan sind, sceawiao. Smeage gehwilc hwaet he" deft, and behealde hwaeSer he on Godes wfngearde swince. Se 8e on andwerdum bffe him sylfuni teolaft, and na Gode, ne com se na gyt binnon Godes wfngearde. pa tyliaft soiSlice Gode, ba be ne secaS heora agen gestreon burh gytsunge, ac smeagaS ynibe Godes teolunge, hu hf magon unriht alecgan and rihtwisnysse fyroVian, oorum menu fremigan mid gecneordnysse ]>aere sooan lufe ; and |>a ]>e cariafi mid wacelum mode liu hf o)>ra manna sawla Gode gestrynan, and mid him to 5am ecan lffe gelaedan. Se fte him sylfum leofao", and sefte on his flaesclieum lustum li5, rihtlice he is ydel gebread, for]>an be he ne teola<5 mines waestmes ]>aes godcundlican weorces. pa J>e mid gymeleaste heora dagas aspendafi, and nellaS Gode lybban oS heora endenextan ylde, hf standaS ydele 06 ba endenextan tfde. To svv ileum sleacum cweft se hfredes ealdor, To hwf stande ge her ealne daeg ydele ? Svvilce he swutellice cvveede, Gif ge noldon Gode lybban on cildhade, ne on geogooe, gecyrraS nu huru-binga on ylde to liTes wege ; nu ge habbaS hwdnlice to swincenne. And swa-beah pyllice gelaftaS se hfredes hlaford, and for wel oft hf onfotS heora edlean hraSor, forban be hf gewitao" to heofenan rfce hrsedlicor bonne ]>a 5e fram cildhade Gode }>eo\vodon. Witodlice se sceaoa be mid Criste j>nnvode, and, on hfne gelyfende, his synna geandette, com on baere endlyftan tfde, na Jmrh ylde, ac Jmrh yfelnesse. Scyldig he waes to hellicere susle for his man-daedum, ac he gean- dette his synna Drihtne sylfum, on ]>aere rode-hengene, mid fullum geleafan, and Cristes miltsunge, bisum wordum abaed, Drihten beo min gemyndig, ]>onne bu cymst to binum rfce. Drihten him andwyrde, Soft ic be :>ecge, nr to-daeg bu bist mid me on neorxena-wange. 78 HOMILIES OF ^LFRIC. Witodlice fram J)am endenextan ongann se hfredes ealdor to agyldenne pone pening, paSa he gelaedde pone sceaSan in to heofenan rfce, fcrpon pe he laedde Petrum oSSe his oSre apostolas, and rihtlice swa ; forpan Se se sceaSa ge- lyfde on pam timan on Crist, paSa his apostolas on mycelre twynunge waeron. Eala hit fela heahfaederas aer Moyses fe rihtlice leofodon, and hu fela wftegan, under paere 83, Gode gecwemlice drohtnodon, and hf, swa-peah, naeron gelaedde to heofonan rfce, aerSan pe Drihten niSer astah, seSe neorxena-wanges faesten mid his agenum deaSe geope- node, and hf pa mid langsumere elcunge heora mede un- derfengon, pa Se we buton elcunge, paerrihte, swa we of urum lichaman gewftaS, underfoS. SoSlice pa ealdan heahfaederas and gepungene wftegan baeron pabyrSene and paes daeges haetan, forpan Se hf fram anginne middan- eardes oS Cristes to-cyme on hellicere clysunge andbido- don ; peah Se hf on Abrahames wununge, buton pinun- gum, for heora godnesse wunedon ; and swilce, aefter ceo- runge, pone pening underfengon, paSa hf, aefter langsumere tfde, to heofonan becomon. Witodlice ne underfeS nan ceorigende sawul Godes rfce, ne nan ceorian ne maeg seSe to Sam becymS. Ac paera ealdfaedera ceorung is to under- standenne heora gnornung, paet hf rihtlice for heofonan rfce leofodon, and, swa-peah, mid langsumere elcunge hit un- derfengon. We soSlice, pe to paere endlyftan tfde comon, aefter urum geswince, nateshwon ne ceoriaS, and we un- derfoS pone pening, forpan Se we cumaS aefter paes Hae- lendes menniscnysse ; we beoS gelaedde to his rfcepaerrihte aefter urum forSsiSe, gif we aer on lffe rihtlice leofodon ; and we ponne, buton yldinge, underfoS paet paet pa eald- faederas, aefter langsumere elcunge, underfengon. Be'Sam cwaeS se hfredes ealdor, Ic wille syllan pisum endenextan eal swa micel swa Se. HOMILIES OF iELFRIC. 79 And forpan pe seo onfangcnnys paas rfces is of Codes godnesse, rihtlice is b.e heora lust urn gehyrsumiaft, ac hf ne beoS feawa ponne hf gegaderode beoS. Ne gedafenaS pam gastlicum paet hf pam flaesclicum geef "enlaecon, ne hf huxlice forseon ; foroan pe we geseoft hwast nu to-daeg is, ac we nyton hwaet to merigen bi$ to- weard. Forwel oft cym8 se baeftan us, pe us mid swyft- nysse godre drohtnunge fore-staspS, and we earfoSlice him filiaS to-merigen, seSe nu to-daeg is ure folgere gepuht. Witodlice patia se forma cySere, Stephanus, for Godes geleafan gestamed waes, Saulus heold ealra paera staenendra 80 HOMILIES OF MLYRIC. hacelan ; and, swa-]>eah, Paulus si(5j>an fore-stop Stephanum on Codes gelafiunge, mid insenigfealdum geswincum, J»one pe he £r ehtende martyr gemacode. Twa ]>ing sind ]>e we sceolon carfullice scrutnian ; aerest, }>iet ure nan be Lim sylfum to dyrstelice ne truwige ; syS- 5an, ]>£et ure nan be his nextan ne ortruwige, J>eah <5e he on leahtrum befeallen sy ; forSan J»e us synd uncuSe J>a micclan welan Godes mildheortnysse. pyssere mildheort- nysse welan besceawode se sealm-sceop, ]>aSa he to Gode pus clypode: Min gefylsta! pe ic synge ; forSan Se )m, God, eart mm andfenga, mm God, and mfn mildheortnyss. Efne se sealm-wyrhta understdd on hwilcum gedeorfum )>is mennisce Iff is gelogod, and forSi clypode God his ge- fylsta. He gecfgde Drihten his andfenga, forpan pe he underfehS us in to ecere reste fram Jnsum andweardum geswince. He beheold paet God gesiho* ure yfelnyssa, and ure gyltas for]>yldga<5 : and swa-)?eah he sparaS us arfaest- lice, and Jmrh behreowsunge to paere ecan mede gehylt. pa nolde he gecigan God mildheortne, ac het hine his mildheortnys, ]ms cweSende : Mfn God and mfn mild- heortnys ! Uton gemunan ure aerran synna, and uton besceawian ]>a micclan Godes arfaestnysse, hu he urum gyltum miltsaS, and paer-to-eacan paet heofenlice rfce behset soSlice dsedbetendum eefter gyltum. Uton form' ealle cly- pian mid inweardre heortan, swa swa se sealm-sceop cly- pode : pu eart mfn God and mfn mildheortnys. Godes mildheortnys us fore-stsepS, and his mildheortnys us fyligfc. pac5a we wel noldon, ]?a forhradode Godes mildheortnys us, paet we wel woldon : nu we wel willaft, us fyligo' Godes mildheortnys pset ure willa ydel ne sy. He gearcaS urne godan willan to fultumigenne, and he fylst J)am willan ge- gearcodne, se8e leofaS and rixaS nu and symleon worulde. Amen. 81 FROM KING /ELFRED'S TRANSLATION OF OROS1US. Nu wille we ymb Europa land-gemaere reccan, swa mycel swa we hit fyrmest witon, fram baere ea Danais west o'S Rhfn 6a ea, seo wylS of baem beorge ]»e man Alpis haet, and yrnfi bonne nor'Sryhte on baes garsecges earai, J>e boat land utan-ymb lift |>e man Bryttannia hset. and eft suo" ob Donua J>a ea, }>aere aewylme is neah ]>aere ea Rfnes, and is siSSan east yrnende wio" Crecaland ut on pone Wendel-sae, and norS ob bone garsecg J>e man Cwen-sae haet, bin urn )>aem syndon manega Seoda ; ac hit man haet eall Germania. ponne wyfi noroan Donua aewylme, and be eastan Rfne syndon East-francan ; and be suSan him syndon Swaefas, on oo"re healfe baere ea Donua, and be suSan him and be eastan syndon BaegSvvare, se dael J>e man Regnesburh haet; and rihte be eastan him syndon Berne, and east-norS syndon Dyringas, and be norSan him syndon Eald-Seaxan, and be nor<5an-westan him syndon Frysan. And be westan Eald- Seaxum is yElfemuo'a baere ea, and Frysland, and ban on west-norS is paet land be man Angle hset, and Sillendc, and sum a dael Dena, and be nofSan him is Apdrede, ai;d east-norS Wylte, be man ^Efeldan haet, and be eastan him is Winedaland, ]>e man haet Sysyle, and east-suS, ofer sumne dael, Maroaro. And hf Maroaro habbaS be westan him Dyringas and Behemas and BaegoVare b healfe, and be suSan him, on oftre healfe Donua baere ea, is ]>aet land Ca- rendre suS oS 6a beorgas be man haet Alpis. To baem ilcan beorgum licgaS BaegSwara land-gemaere and Swaefa ; and bonne be eastan Carendran lande, begeondan J?aem * MS. sumne. b MS. Baegware. e5 82 FROM KING ALFRED'S OROSIUS. westenne, is Pulgaraland, and be eastan psem is Crecaland ; and be eastan Meroarolande is Wisleland, and be eastan psem sind Datia, pa pe iu waaron Gottan ; be eastan-norSan Maroara syndon Dalamensan, and be eastan Dalamensam sindon Horithi, and be norSan Dalomensam sindon Surpe, and be westan him sindon Sysele ; be noroan Horithi is MsegSalond, and be norfian MaegSalande Sermende, o5 8a beorgas Riffin ; and be westan SutS-Denum is paes gar- secges earm pe litS ymbutan past land Brittannia ; and be norSan him is pees saes earm pe man haet Ost-saa, and be eastan him and lie norftan him syndon NorS-Dene, asgpaer ge on psem maran landum ge on paem iglandum ; and be eastan him syndon Afdrede, and be suftan him is JElfe- muSa paere ea, and Eald-Seaxna sum dsel. Norft-Dene habbaS him be norSan pone ilcan saes earm pe man Ost-sae hast, and be eastan him sindon OstiSaleode, and Afdrede be suSan ; Osti habbaft be noroan him pone ilcan sdes earm, and Winedas, and Burgendas ; and be suSan him syndon Hsefeldan ; Burgendan habbao" pone ylcan saes earm be westan him, and Sweon be norSan ; and be eastan him sint Sermende, and be suSan him Surfe ; Sweon habbaS be suSan him pone saes earm Osti, and be eastan him Sermende, and be norftan ofer pa westennu is Cwen- land ; and be westan-norftan him sindon Scrfde-Finnas, and be westan NorSmenn. Ohthere's Narrative. Ohtiiere saede his hlaforde, iElfrede kynincge, paet he ealra NorSmanna norSmest bude. He cwaeS paet he bude on paam lande norSweardum wi8 pa West-sat; ; he saede peah past paet land sy swySe lang norS panon, ac hit is eall weste, buton on feawum stowum sticcemaelum wicia<5 Fin- nas on huntaoe on wintra, and on sumera on fiscoSe be FROM KING ALFRED'S OROSIUS. 83 pajre sa?. He saede J>aet he set sumum cyrre wolde fandian, hu lange paet land norS-rihte laege, ofrSe hwaeper aenig man be norSan paem westene bude ; pa fur he norS-rihte be paem lande, let him ealne weg past weste land on paet steorbord, and pa wfd-sae on baacbord, pry dagas : pa waes he swa feor norS swa tfa hwael-huntan fyrrest faraS. pa for he pa-gyt norS-ryhte swa he mihte on paem ooYum prim dagum gese- glian ; pa beah paet land paer easte-ryhte, ofrSe sio sae in on paet land, he nyste hwaeper, buton he wiste past he paer bud westan windes, oftSe hwon noroan, and seglede panon ea^t be lande, swa swa he mihte on feower dagum geseglian ; pa sceolde he bfdan ryhte noroan windes, foroan paet land paer beah su5-rihte, oSSe seo sae in on past land, he nyste hwaeper. pa seglede he panon suft-rihte be lande, swa swa he mihte on fff dagum geseglian. Da laeg paer an mycel ea tip in past land ; pa cyrdon hy up in on 6a ea, forfiaem hy* ne dorston forS be paere ea seglian for unfriSe, forpaem paet land waas eall gebun on oSre healfe paere ea. Ne mette he aer nan gebun land sySSan he fram his agnum hame for ; ac him waes ealne weg weste land on paet steorbord, butan fisceran and fugeleran and huntan ; and paet waeron ealle Finnas, and him waes a wfd-sae on paet baecbord. Da Beormas haefdon swiSe well gebitn hyra land, ac hi ne dorston paer-on cuman ; ac Sara Terfinna land waes eall weste, butan paer huntan gewicodon, oSSe fisceras, oftoe fugeleras. Fela spella him saedon pa Beormas, aego'er ge of hyra agenum lande ge of paem landum 8 pe ymb hy utan waeron ; ac he nyste hwaet paes soSes waes, forpaem he hit sylf ne geseah. pa Finnas, him puhte, and pa Beormas spraecon neah an geoeode. Swioost he for Syder, to-eacan paes landes sceawunge, for paemhors-hwaelum, forpaem hi habbaS swy'Se aeftele ban on hyra toftum. pa tet5 hy brohton sume paem cynincge ; ■ MS. lande. 84 FROM KING ALFRED'S OROSIUS. and hyra hyd bi(5 swifte god to scip-rapum. Se hwael bio micle lagsse ponne oSre hwalas, ne bift he lengra ponne syfan elna lang. Ac on his agnum lande is se betsta hwael-huntao" ; pa beoS eahta and feowertiges elna lange, and pa msestan fiftiges elna lange ; para he ssede paet he syxa sum ofsloge syxtig on twam dagum. He waes swioe spedig man on paera aelitum pe heora speda on beoo\ paet is, on wildeorum 8 : he haefde pa-gyt, pa he pone cyningsohte, tamra deora unbebohtra syx hund. Da deor hi hataft hranas, para wasron syx stsel-hr&nas ; pa beoS swyoe dyre raid Finnum, forpaem hy foS pa wildan hranas raid. He waes mid paem fyrstum mannum on paem lande, naefde he ]>eah ma ponne twentig hryoera, and twentig sceapa, and twentig swyna ; and paet lytle paet he erede he erede mid horsan ; ac hyra ar is maest on poem gafole pe 6a Finnas him gyldao\ paet gafol bitS on deora fellum, ajid on fugela feSerum, and hwaeles bane, and on paem scip-rapum pe beoS of hwaeles hyde geworht, and of seoles. iEghwilc gylt be his gebyrdum, se byrdesta sceal gildan fiftyne mearSes fell, and fif hranes, and an beran fell, and tyn ambra feSra, and berenne kyrtel, oftoe yterenne, and twegen scip-rapas, aegper sy syxtig elna lang, oper sy of hwaeles hyde geworht, ooer of sioles. He saade paet Noronianna land waere swyoe lang and swi<5e smael. Eall paet his man aper o'SSe ettan oSSe erian maeg, paet Ho" wio pa sae, and paet is peah on sumum stowum swytie cludig, and licgaS wilde moras wiS eastan, and wib' uppon emnlange paem bynum lande. On paem morum eardiatS Finnas. And paet byne land is easteweard bradost, and symle swa noroor swa smaelre : easteweard hit maeg bion syxtig mila brad, oSSe hwene biaedre, and midde- weard pritig oc5Se bradre ; and norSeweard, he cwaeft, paer hit smalost waere, paet hit mihte beon preora mila brad to a MS. wildrum, eo add. m. r. FROM KING ALFRED'S OROSIUS. 85 Jmem more, and se mdr sySjm.11 on sumum stowum swa brad swa man maeg on twain wucum oferferan ; and on sumum stowum s\va brad swa man masg on syx dagum oferferan. Donne is to-emnes Jmem lande suSeweardum on oSre healfe }>aes mores Sweoland, o]> J)ast land norSweard, and to-emnes Jmem lande norSewearduin, Cwenaland. Da cwenas hergiaS hwilum on Jm NorSmen ofer j>one mdr, hwilum Jm NorSmen on hy. And Jmer sint swiSe micle meras fer^ce geond Jm moras ; and beraS Jm Cwenas hyra scypu ofer land on fa meras, and Jmnon hergiaS on pa NorSmen. Fly habbaS swySe lytle scipa, and swiSe leohte. Ohthere saede Jmet sio scfr hatte Halgoland, j>e he on bude. He cwaeS paet nan man ne bude be norSan him. ponne is an port on suSeweardum Jmem lande, ]>one man boet Sciringes-heal, J>yder he cwaeS J>aet man ne mihte geseglian on anum monSe, gyf man on niht wicode, and aslce daege haefde ambyrne wind. And ealle Jm hwile he sceal seglian be lande, and on paet steorbord, him biS arrest Fsaland a , and J'onne Jm igland ]>e synd betwux Isalande a and }>issum lande. ponne is Jus land oS he cymS to Sci- ritiges-heale, and ealne weg on Jmet bsecbord NorSwege. Bi wiS suSan J>one Sciringes-heal fylS swySe mycel sde up in on Jmst land, seo is bradre ponne aenig man oferseon mpege ; and is Gotland on oSre healfe ongean, and siSSa Sillende. Seo sae liS maenig hund mila up in on ]>aet land. And of Sciringes-heale, he cwaeS Jmst he seglode on fif dagum b to Jmem porte J>e mon baet set HaeSum, se stent betuh Winedum and Seaxum and Angle, and hyrcS in on Dene. Da he Jnderweard seglode fram Sciringesdieale, ]m wa?s him on Jmet bsecbord Denamearc, and on J>ast steorbord wi*d-s£e |>ry dagas ; and Jm twegen dagas £v he to Kuejmm come, him waes on Jmet steorbord Gotland and Sillende and ig- landa fela. On Jmem landum eardodon Engle, aer hi hider • MS. Iraland. b MS. dagan. 86 FROM KING ALFRED'S OROSIUS. on land comon. And hym wees Sa twegen dagas on paet bsecbord pa igland pe in Denemearce hyrao". Wulfstan's Narrative. Wulfstan saede paet he gefore of HaeSum, paet he waere on Truso on syfan dagum and nihtum, paet paet scyp waes ealne weg yrnende under segle. Weonodland him waes on steorbord, and on bsecbord him waes Langaland, and Lap- land, and Falster, and Sconeg, and pas land eall hyraS to Denemearcan. And ponne Burgendaland waes us on baec- bord; and pa habbaS him-sylf cyning. Donne aefter Bur- gendalande waeron us pas land pa synd hatene, aerest Ble- eingeg, and Meore, and Eovvland, and Gotland on baecbord, and pas land hyraS to Sweon. And Weonodland waes us ealne weg on steorbord 08 Wisle-muSan. Seo Wisle is swySe mycel ea, and heo toliS Witland and Weonodland ; and paet Witland belimpeS to Estum, and seo Wisle li<5 ut of Weonodlande, and li8 in Estmere ; and se Estmere is huru fiftene mila brad, ponne cymeS Ilfing eastan in Est- mere, of pam mere pe Truso standeS in stafte, and cumao ut samod in Estmere Ilfing eastan of Eastlande, and Wisle suSan of Winodlande ; and ponne benimS Wisle Ilfing hire naman, and ligeS of paem mere west and norS on sae ; foro'y hit man haet Wisle-muSan. Daet Eastland is swyfte mycel, and paer biS swyfte manig burh, and on aelcere byrig bic5 cyningc, and paer bi<5 swyfte mycel hunig and fiscal ; and se cyning and pa rfcostan men drincaS myran meolc, and pa unspedigan and pa peowan drincao" mcdo. Daer bitS swySe mycel gewinn betweonan him, and ne bio' (5aer naenig ealo gebrowen mid Estum, ac paer bi<5 medo genoh. And paer is mid Estum Seaw, ponne paer bi5 man dead, paet he lift inne unforbaerned, mid his magum and freondum, monao*, gehwilum twegen : and pa FROM KING ALFRED'S OROSIUS. 87 kyningas and pa oSre heahSungene men swa micle lencg swa hi maran speda habbaS, hwilum healf gear paet hi beoft unforbaerned, and licgaS bufan eorSan on hyra husum. And ealle pa hwile pe paet lie biS inne, paer sceal beon ge- drync and plega, oft Sone daeg pe hi hine forbaernaS. ponne py ylcan daeg hi hine to paem ade beran wyllaS, ponne to- daelaS hi his f'eoh paet paer to lafe bi5, aefter paem gedrynce and paem plegan, on fff o<53e syx, hwilum on ma, swa swa paes feos andef'n biS. Alecgao* hit ponne forhwaega on anre mile pone maestan dael fram ]>aem tune, ponne oSerne, ponne paene priddan, oppe hyt eall aled bi$ on paere anre mile ; and sceall beon se laesta dael nyhst paem tune Se se deada man on US. Donne sceolon beon gesamnode ealle 8a men Se swyftoste hors habbaS on paem lande, forhwaega on fff milum, oSSe on syx milum fram paem feo. Donne aernaS hy ealle toweard ]>aem feo ; Sonne cymeS se man se paet swifte hors hafaS to paem aerestan daele and to paem maes- tan, and swa aelc aefter oSrum, oS hit biS eall genumen ; and se nimS pone laestan dapl se nyhst Saem tune Saet feoh geaerneS. And ponne rideS aelc hys weges mid San feoh, and hyt motan habban eall ; and forSy paer beoS pa swyftan hors ungefohge dyre. And ponne his gestreon beoS pus eall aspended, ponne byrS man hine ut, and forbaerneS mid his waepnum and hraegle, and swiSost ealle his speda hy forspendaS mid pam langan legere paes deadan mannes inne, and paes pe hy be paem weguni alecgaS, peSa fremdan to aernaS and nimaS. And paet is mid Estum peaw, paet paer sceal aelces geSeodes man beon forbaerned ; and gyf paer man an ban findeS unforbaerned, hi hit sceolan miclum gebetan. And paer is mid Eastum an maegS poet hi magon cyle gewyrcan, and py paer licgaS pa deadan men swa Iange and ne fuliaS, paet hy wyrcaS pone cyle hine on ; and peah man asette twegen faetels full ealaS oSSe waetcres, hy gedoS p3et oper biS ofer-froren, sam hit sy summor sam winter. 88 FROM KING ALFRED'S OROSIUS. The Death of Cyrus. Cirus Persa cyning, ]>e we der beforan sajdon, ]>&. hvvile ]>e Sabini and Romane wunnon on ]mm west-daele, ]>& hwile wann he, asgper ge on Sci^Sige ge on Indie, oS he haefde maest eallne ]>aene east-dael awest ; and aefter ]>am, fyrde gelaedcle to Babilonia, |>e pa. welegre waes ]wnne aenig ofier burh, ac hine Gandisseo ea lange gelettepaes ofer-faereldes, for}>am ]>e ]>ser scipa naeron ; ]>aet is eallra ferscra waetera niEest, butan Eufrate. Da gebeotode an his pegena }>aet he mid sunde ]>& ea oferfaran vvolde, mid twam tyncenum ; ac hine se stream fordraf. Da gebeotode. Cirus ]?aet he his |>egen on hyre swa gewrecan wolde, pa he swa gram wearS on his mode, and wiS fa ea gebolgen, ]>a?t hy mihton wff- men be heora cneowe ofer-wadan, paer heo ser waes nygan mila brad, ]>onne heo flede waes. He paet mid daedum ge- laeste, and hi up-forlet on feower hund ea, and on syxtig ea ; and sySSan mid his fyrde ]>aer-ofer for; and aefter J>am, Eufrate pa ea, seo is maest eallra ferscra waetera, and is yrnende ourh middewearde Babilonian burh, he hy eac mid gedelfe on menige ea upp-forlet, and sySSan, mid eal- lum his folce, on paere ea-gang, on ]>a burh farende waes, and hy gersehte. Swa ungelyfedlic is aenigum men ]>aet to gesecganne, hu aenig man mihte swylce burh gewyrcan, swylce seo waes, oSSe eft abrecan. NembraS se ent ongan arrest timbrian Babilonia, and Xinus se cyning aefter him, and Sameramis his cwen hi geendade aefter him, on middewerdum hyre rue. Seo burh waes getimbrad on fildum lande, and on swifte emnum, and heo waes swiSe faeger on to locianne, and heo is swiSe rihte feowerscyte, and pass wealles mycelnyss and faestnyss is un- gelyfedlic to secgenne, ]>aet is, paet he is i. hund elna brad, and ii. hund elna heah, and his ymbgang is hund-seofantig mila, and seofeSan clael anre mile, and he is geworht of tigelan and of eorft-tyrewan, and ymbutan pone weall is FROM KING ALFRED'S OROS1US. 89 seo miiesta dfc, on pam is yrnende se ungefotlicosta stream ; and wifiutan jiam dfce is geworht twegra elna heah weal!, and bufan pam maran wealle, of'er eallne pone ymbgong, he is mid staenenum wig-husum beworht. Seo ylce burii Babylonia, scope maest wees and arrest ealra burga, seo is nu loest'and westast. Nu seo burh swylc is, pe air waes eallra weorca faestast and wundorlicost and maerast, gelfce and heo waere to bysne asteald eallum middanearde, and eac svvylce heo sylf sprecende sy to eallum mancynne, and cweo*e, Nu ic Jms gehroren eom and aweg-gewiten, hwsetge magon on me ongitan and oncnawan, paet ge nanuht mid eow nabbaS faestes ne stranges, paette purhwunian maege. On pam dagum pe Cirus, Persa cyng, Babylonia abraec, pa waes Croesus, se Lifta cyning, mid fyrde gefaren Babylo- nium to fultume ; ac pa he wiste paet he him on nanum ful- tutne beon ne mihte, and paet seo burh abrocen waes, he him hatnweard ferde, to his agenum rfce, and him Cirus wass aefter-f'yligende, 08 he hine gefeng and ofsloh. Ond nu ure Cristene Romana besprycS past hyre weallas for ealdunge brosnia<5, nalaes na forpam pe heo mid forhergunge swa gebysmerad waere, swa Babylonia waes, ac heo for hyre Cristendome nu gyt is gescyld, paet aegper ge heo sylf, ge hyre anweald, is ma hreosende for ealddome, ponne of aeniges cyninges niede. /Efter pam Cirus gelaedde fyrde on ScitSSie, and him paer an giong cyning mid fyrde ongean for, and his modor mid him, Damaris. Da Cirus for ofer paet land-gemaere, ofei pa ea pe hatte Araxis, him paer se geonga cyning pass ofer- faereldes forwyrnan myhte, ac he forpam nolde, py he mid his folce getruwade, paet he hine beswican mihte, siftSan he binnan paem gemaere waere, and wic-stowe name. Ac pa Cirus geaxsode paet hine se geonga cyning paer saecan wolde, and eac past pam folce seldsyne and uncupe waeron wfnes drencas ; he forpani of paare wic-stowe afdr, on ane digle 90 FROM KING ALFRED'S OROSIUS. stowe, and peer beaeftan forlet eall paet paer liftes waes and swetes, paet pa se gionga cyning swiSor myccle wehende waes p3et hy panon fleonde waeron, ponne hy aenigne swicdom ovpan dorstan, pa hy hit paer swa aemenne gemetton. Hy paer pa, mid mycelre bli(5nesse, buton gemetgunge, paet wfn drincende waeron, 06 hi heora sylfra lytel geweald haefdon. He pa Cirus hy paer besyrode, and mid ealle ofsloh, and sySSan wses farende paer paes cyninges modor, mid pam twain daelum paes folces, wunigende waes ; pa he pone J>rid- dan dael mid pam cyninge beswicen haefde. Heo pa seo cwen Dameris mid mycelre gnornunge ymb pass cyninges siege hyre suna ]>encende waes, hu heo hit gewrecan mihte, and paet eac mid daedum gelaeste, and hyre folc on twa todaelde, aegfter ge wffmen ge waepned-men, foroan pe paer wffmen feohtaS, swa same swa waepned-men. Hio mid paem healfan daele beforan pam cyninge farende waes, swilce heo fleonde waere, oft" hio hine gelaedde on an mycel slaed, and se healfa dael waes Ciruse aefter-fyligende. paer wearS Cirus ofslegen, and twa Jrosend manna mid him. Seo cwen het ]>a pam cyninge paet heafod of-aceorfan, and be- wyrpan on anne cylle, se waes afylled mannes blodes, and pus cwaeS, Du pe pyrstende waere mannes blodes xxx. wintra, drinc nu Sine fylle. CAESAR AND POMPEY. .ZEfter pam pe Romeburh getimbred waes VI. hund win- trum and LXVII., Romane gesealdon Caiuse Iulius seofon legion, to pon paet he sceolde fff winter winnan on Gallic TEfter pam pe he hy oferwunnen haefde, he for on Bryttoniae paet fgland, and wi8 pa Bryttas gefeaht, and geflymed wearS on pam lande pe man het Cent-land. Ra8e paes he gefeaht wiS pa Bryttas eft on Cent-lande, «*md hy wurdon aflymede. Heora pridde gefeoht waes neah paere ea pe man haet Te- FROM KING ALFRED'S OROSIUS. 91 mese, neah bam forda pe man haet Welinga-fbrd. TEfter pam gefeohte, him eode on hand se cyning, and ba l)urliware )>e waeron on Cyrnceastre, and sySSon ealle pe on pam iglande waeron. Mhev pam Iulius for to Rome, and bced paet him man brohte pone triumphal! ongean. pa bebudon hy him paet he come mid feawum mannum to Rome, and ealne his fultum beaeftan him lete : ac pa he hamweard for, him coman on- gean pa pry ealdormenn, pe him on fultume waeron, ami him saedon, paet hy for his pingum adraefde waeron, and eac, past ealle pa legian waeron Pompeiuse on fultume geseald, pe on Romane nnwealde waeron, paet he pe foestlicre gewin mihte habban wio' hine. Da wende eft Iulius to his agenum folce, and wepende maende pa unare, pe hy him, buton gcwyrhton, dyde, and swiSost para manna pe for his pingum forwurdon, and he him aspeon to sippon pa seofon legian pe waeron on Silomone pam lande. Da Pompeius, and Cato, and ealle pa senatus paet gehyrdon, pa foran hy on Greacas, and mycelne fultum gegaderodan, and on Thraci paere dune, pa for Iulius to Rome, and tobraec heora madm-hus, and call gedoelde paet paer-inne waes, paet is unalyfedlic to secganne, cweec* Orosius, hwaet paes ealleswaes. /Efter pam he for to Samariara paet land, and paer let preo legian beaeften him, to bon paet he past folc to him genyd- don, and he sylf, mid pam oSrum daele, for on Ispaniae, paer Pompeius legian waeron, mid his prim latteowum, and he hi ealle to him genydde. iEfter pam he for on Creacaland, paer his Pompeius, on anre dune, onbad, mid xxx. cynin- gan, buton his agenum fultume. Da for Pompeius paer Marcellus waes, Iuliuses Utdteow, and hine ofsloh mid eal- lum his folce. JEi'ter pam Iulius besaet Torquatus, Pom- peiuses latteow, on iinum faestene, and him Pompeius a? fter for; paer wearS Iulius geflymed, and his folces feala forsla- gen, forpam pe him man feaht on twa healfa, on opre healfe 92 FROM KING ALFRED'S OROSIUS. Pompeius, on oo>e healfe se latteow. Siftoan for Iulius on Thessaliam, and paer his fultum gegaderade. Da Pompeius paet gehyrde, pa for he him aefter mid ungemaetlicum ful- tume, he haefde hund-eahtatig coortana, paet we nu truman hatao", past waes on para dagum of hund manna and an m, pis eall he haefde buton his agenum fultume, butan Catone his geferan, and buton para senatuses ; and Iulius haefde hund-eahtatig coortana. Heora aegfter haefde his folc on prim heapum, and hi sylfe waeron on pain midmestan, and pa 06 re on twam heal fa heora. Da Iulius haefde aenne paera daela geflymed, pa elypode Pompeius him to, ymbe Roraane ealde gecwydraedene, peah pe hi sylf gelaestan ne pohte, Gefera, Gefera, gerayne paet pu ure geferraedenne and cwyd- reedenne to lange ne oferbraec. Da andwearde he him and cwaeo", On sumere tfde pu waere mfn gefera, and forpam pe pu nu ne eart, me is eall leofost paet pe is laoost. Daet waes seo gecwydraeden pe Romane geset haefdon, paet heora nan ofierne on pone andwlitan ne sloge paer peer hi hi aet gefeohtum gemetton. iEfter para wordum Pompeius weartS geflymed mid eallum his folce, and he sylf sippan oSfleah on Asiam, mid his wffe and mid his beam urn, and syfr&on he for on Egyptum, and his fnltumes baed aet Ptolomeuse pam cyninge, and raoe paes pe he to him com, he him het paet heafud of-aceorfan, and hit sySoon het Iuliuse onsen- dan, and his hring mid ; ac pa man hit to him brohte, he waes maenende pa daede mid miclum wope, foroon he waes ealra manna mildheortast on pam dagum. JEfter pam Ptolomeus gelaedde fyrde wiS Iuliuse and eall his folc wearfi geflymed, and he sylf gefangen, and ealle pa men Iulius het ofslean, pe aet poere lure waeran paet man Pompeius ofsloh ; and he swa-peah eft forlet Ptolomeus to his rfce. iEfter pam Iulius gefeaht wiS Ptolomeus priwa, and aet aelcon cyrre sige haefde. iEfter pam gefeohte ealle Egypti wurdon Iuliuse under- FROM KING ALFRED'S BOETI1IUS. 93 peowas, and he him sy'Soon hwearf to Rome, and eft sette ienatus, and hine sylfne man gesette paet he waes hyrre ()onne consul, paet hi hetan tictator. TEi'ter Jiam he for on ifrice, aefter Catone J?am consule. Da he J>aet geahsode, a lserde he his sunu paet he lii ongean fore, and hine him o trifle gesohte, ForSon, cwae<5 he, pe ic wat paet nan swa D 6d man ne leofaS swa he is on pisson life, ptah pe he me sy se la'Sosta ; and forSon eac ic ne maeg findan set me sylfum poet ic hine aefre geseo. iEfter pain worde he eode to paere burge wealhun, and fleah ut ofer, pget he eall to- baerst. Ac pa Iulius to pane byrig com, he him waes swySe uneaSe, paet he to him cucon ne com, and pcet he swylcon dea<5e swealt. JEi'ter pain Iulius gefeaht wi5 Pompeiuses genefon, and w;S manige his magas, and he hi ealle ofsloh, and siSSon to Rome for, and paer waes swa andrysne pa?t him man dyde feower sipon pone triumphan, pa he ham om. Sippon he for on Ispanie, and gefeaht wio" Pom- peiuses twam sunuin, and paer waes his folc swa swioe for- slagen, paet he sume hwile wende paet man hine gefon sceolde, and he for paere ondraedinge paes pe swiftor on pget werod prang, forpon pe him waes leofre, paet hine man of- sloge, ponne hine man gebunde. iEfter pam he com to Rome, and ealle pa gesetnyssa pe paer to strange waeron and to hearde, he hy ealle gedyde leohtran and lickan. Hit pa, eallum pam senatum ofpincendum and pam consulum, past he heora ealdan gesetnyssa tobrecan wolde, ahleopan pa ealle, and hine mid heora met-seaxum ofsticedon, on heora gemdt-erne : para wunda waes xxvu. FROM KING ALFRED'S TRANSLATION OF BOETHIUS. The Story of Orpheus. Gesjelig bitS se mon pe maeg geseon pone hluttran aewellm 94 FROM KING ALFRED'S BOETHiUS. paes hehstan godes, and of him selfum aweorpan maeg fa piostro his modes. We sculon get, of ealdum leasum spel- lum, pe sum bfspell reccan. Hit gelamp gio paette an hear- pere waes, on paere peode pe Thracia hatte, sio waes on Creca rice ; se hearpere waes swiSe ungefraeglice god, paes nama waes Orfeus, he haefde an swiSe aenlic wff, sio waes haten Eurydice. Da ongann monn secgan be pam hearpere, paet he mihte hearpian paet se wudu wagode, and pa stanas hi styredon for }>am swege, and wild-deor paer vvoldan to-irnan and standon, swilce hi tame waeron, swa stille, peah hi men o<5Se hundas wi$ eodon, past hi hi na ne onscunedon. Da saedon hi paet Saes hearperes wff sceolde acwelan, and hire sawle mon sceolde laedan to helle. Da sceolde se hearpere weorpan swa sarig, paet he ne mihte on gemong oSrum mannum bion, ac teah to wuda, and saet on )>am muntum, aegper ge daeges ge nihtes, weop and hearpode, past pa wu- das bifodon, and pa ea stodon, and nan heort ne onscunode naenne leon, ne nan hara naenne hund, ne nan neat nyste naenne andan ne naenne ege to oSrum, for paere mirhpe paes sones. Da Ssem hearpere pa puhte paet hine pa nanes pinges ne lyste on pisse worulde, J>a polite he paet he wolde gesecan helle gatu, and onginnan him oleccan mid his hearpan, and biddan paet hi him ageafan eft his wff. Da he 8a pider com, pa sceolde cuman paere helle hund ongean hine, paes nama waes Ceruerus, se sceolde habban prio heafdu, and ongan faegenian mid his steorte, and plegian wiS hine for his hearpunga. Da waes paer eac swifte egeslic geat-weard, paes nama sceolde beon Caron, se haefde eac prio heafdu, and se waes swiSe oreald. Da ongan se hearpere hine bid- dan, paet he hine gemundbyrde pa hwfle pe he paer waere, and hine gesundne eft panon brohte. pa gehet he him paet, forpaem he waes oflyst paes seldcupan sones. Da eode he furtior 08 he gemette pa graman gydena pe folcisce men hataS Parcas, pa hi secgaS paet on nanum men nyton FROM KING ALFRED'S BOETHIUS. 95 nane are, ac aelcum menn wrecan be his gewyrhtum ; pa hi secgaS )>aet wealdan aelces monnes vvyrde. pa ongann he biiidan hiora miltse ; pa ongunnon hi wepan mid him. Da eode he furpor, and him urnon ealle hellwaran ongean, and laeddon hine to hiora cyninge, and ongunnon ealle sprecan mid him, and biddan paes be he baed. And paet unstille hvveol pe Ixion waes to-gebunden, Laiuta cyning, for his scylde, paet oSstdd for his hearpunga, and Tantalus se cy- ning, be on pisse worulde ungemetlice gifre waes, and him paer bset ilce yfel fyligde pass gifernesse, he gestilde. And se uultor sceolde forlaetan, paet he ne slat pa lifre Tyties pass cyninges, pe hine aer mid by witnode ; and eali hellwara witu gestildon, ba h\\ ile pe he beforan pam cyninge htarp- ode. Da he oa lange and lange hearpode, pa clipode se hellvvarana cyning, and cwaeS, Uton agifan paem esne his wff, forbam he hi haefS geearnod mid his hearpunga. Be- bead him ba, paet he geara wiste, paet hine naefre underbaec ne besawe, sippan he bononweard wsere, and saede, gif he hine underbaec besawe, paet he sceolde forlaetan paet wff. Ac ba lufe mon maeg swiSe uneape forbeodan ; wei la vvei ! hwaet Orfeus ba laedde his wff mid him, oSSe he com on baet gemaere leohtes and beostro ; ba eode baet wff aefter him. Da he for5 on baet leoht com, ba beseah he hine underbaec wi<5 baes wffes ; ba losede heo him sona. Das leasan spell laera<5 gehwilcne man, para Se wilnaS helle piostra to flionne, and to pass sopes Godes liohte to cumenne, paet he hine ne besio to his ealdum yfelum, swa paet he hi eft swa fullice fullfremme, swa he hi aer dyde ; forpam swa hwa swa, mid fullon willan, his mod went to pam yflum pe he aer forlet, and hi ponne fulfremeS, and he him ponne fullice licia<5, and he hi naefre forlaetan ne peneS, ponne forlyst he eall his aerran god, buton he hit eft gebete. 96 FROM KING iELFREDS BOETHIUS. The Story of Ulysses. Hit gebyrede gio on Troiana gewinne paet paer waes an cyning paes nama Aulixes, se haefde twa pioda under pani kasere. pa Sioda waeron hatene ISacige and Retie ; and paes kaseres nama waes Agamemnon. Da se Aulixes mid pain kasere to pam gefiohte for, pa haefde he sume hundred scipa. Da waeron hi sume ten gear on pam gewinne, pa se cyning eft ham cerde from pam kasere, and hi }>aetland haefdon ge- wunnen ; pa naefde he na ma scipa ponne an, paet waes peah pre-repre. pa gestdd hine heah weder and storm see, wearS pa fordrifen on an iglond ut on paere Wendel-sae ; pa waes peer Apollines dohtor, lobes suna, se lob waes hiora cyning, and licette paet he sceolde bion se hehsta god, and paet dy- sige folc him gelyfde, forpam Se he waes cyne-cynnes, and hi nyston naenne operne god on paene timan, buton hiora cyningas hi weorpodon for godas. Da sceolde paes lobes faeder bion eac god, paes nama waes Saturnus, and his swa ilce ael cine hi haefdon for god a . pa waes hiora an se Apol- linus, pe we aer ymb-spraecon. paes Apollines dohtor sceolde bion gydene, paere nama waes Kirke ; sio hi saedon sceolde bion swiSe drycraeftigu, and sio wunode on pam iglande, pe se cyning on fordrifen wearS, pe we aer ymbe-spraecon. Hio haefde peer swiSe micle werode hire pegna, and eac oSerra maedena. Sona swa hio geseah pone fordrifenan cyning, Se we aer ymb-spraecon paes nama waes Aulixes, pa ongan hio hine lufian, and hiora aegper oSerne swiSe unge- metlice, swa paette he for hire lufan forlet his rfce eall, and his cynren, and wunode mid hire oS pone first paet his Segnas him ne mihton leng mid gewunian ; ac for hiora earde.s lufan, and for paere wrace, tihodon hine to forlae- tanne. Da ongunnon lease men wyrcan spell, and saedon paet hio sceolde mid hire drycraeft pa men forbredan, and a Ley. forte, and his swilce eal cyn hi hajfdon for godas. FROM KING ALFRED'S BEDA. 97 weorpan hi tin wilde deora lie, and siSSan slean on pa rac- centan and on cospas. Sume hi saedon paet hio sceolde t'orsceoppan to leon, and ponne seo sceolde sprecan ponne rynde hio; sume sceoldan bion eforas, and ponne hi sceol- dan hiora sar siofian ponne grymetodan hi ; sume wurdon to wulfan, pa Suton ponne hi spraecan sceoldon ; sume wurdon to pam deorcynne ]>e 111011 hat tigris. Swa weorS eall se geferscipe forhwerfed to mistlicum deorcynnum, eele to sumum diore, buton pam cyninge anum. iFIcne mete hi onscunedon pe men eta'o\ and wilnodon para pe deor etaS. Naefdon hi nane anlicnesse manna ne on lichoman ne on stemne, and aelc wisste peah his gewit swa swa he aar wisste. paet gewit was swifie sorgiende for }>am ermSum pe hi drogan. Hwaet pa menn pe pysum leasungum gelef- don, peah wisston paet hio mid pam drycraefte ne mihte para manna mod onwendan, peah hio pa lichoman onwende. Eala paet hit is micel craeft paes modes for pone lichoman. Be swilcum and be swilcum pu miht ongitan paet se craaft paes lichoman biS on pam mode, and paette aelcum menn ma deriaS his modes unpeawas; paes modes tio6 eallne pone lichoman to him, and paes lichoman mettrumnes ne maeg paet mod eallunga to him getidn. FROM KING ALFRED'S TRANSLATION OF BEDA'S ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY. The Life of Saint Hild, with an Account of the Poet Cjedmoh. Be life and for'Sfore Ililde j>aere Abbudissan. Wms ymb syx hund wintra and hund-eahtatig from paere Dryhtenlican menniscnesse, paette seo a?rfeste Cristes peowe, 98 FROM KING ALFRED'S BEDA. Hild, Abbudisse paes mynstres pe is cweden Streoneshalh. swa swa we beforan saedon, aefter monigum heof'onlicum dsedum 6e heo on eorpan dyde, to onfonne paes heofonlican lifes mede, and heo of eorpan alaedded, leorde, py fifteopan deege kalendarum Decembrium, mid py heo haefde syxand syxtig wintra, paem wintruin todaeldum efenlice daele : preo and prittig pa serestan heo aepellice gefylde in weoruldhade drohtiende, and efen feolo pa aefter-fylgendan heo aepelicor in munuc-life Drihtne gehalgade. Wees heo eac swylce aepele in weoruld-gebyrdum, past heo waes Edwines pees cyninges nefan dohtor, se waes Hereric haten ; mid py cy- ninge he to bodunge, and to lare paere eadegan gemynde Paulinus, paes aerestan biscopes Norpan-hymbra, Cristes geleafan and geryno onfeng, and pone unwemme geheold, oSpaet pe he geearnode pset he to his gesihSe becom. Da heo pa Hild weoruldhad forleort, and Gode anum geteohode peowian, 6a gevvat heo in East-Engla maegpe, forpon heo waes paes cyninges maege ; wilnade panon, gif heo meahte, pset heo wolde hire epel forlaetan, and eal past heo for weorulde haefde, and wolde cnman in Gallia rice, and in Cale 6am mynstre in elpeodignesse for Dryhtne lifian, paet heo py eS meahte past ece epel in heofonum geearnian ; forpon pe in pasm ylcan mynstre hire sweoster HereswyS, seo waes Aldwulfes modor, East-Engla cyninges, regollicum peodscypum underpeoded, in pa tfd bad pone ecan sige, fia?re bysene heo waes onhyrgende in foresetnesse elpeodunge, and eall ger in paere foresprecenan maegpe East-Engla haefd waes, oSpaet heo eft from Aidane paem biscope waes ham gelapad and gesponnen. Da onfeng heo anes hivvscipes stowe to norS-dasle Wire paere ea, and paer efenlice an gear munuc-lff dyde mid feawum hire geferum. JEfter pyssum heo waes geworden abbudisse in paem mynstre pe is geciged Heortea. Daet mynster waes geworden and getimbred noht micle ajr fram Hegu paere aerestan Cristes peowe, seo aerest FROM KING ALFRED'S BEDA. 99 wffa is saegd in Nor])an-hymbra maegpe paet heo raunuc- hade and halig refte onfenge, purh halgunge Aidanes paes biscopes. Ac heo nalaes aefter med-micelre tfde pass pe paet mynster getimbred waes, gewat to ]>?ere ceastre pe in Englisc is haten Kalcacester and hire paer wic asette, poet heo Gode inlifde. Da feng to paes mynstres gerece Hild, seo Cristes peowe, and heo ]?aet sona mid regollice life gesette and geendebyrdade, svva svva heo aet gelaeredum waepned-mon- num geleornian mihte ; forpon pe Aidan se biscop and mo- nige o]>re aefeste weras and gode, pa pe hie cupon, for hire snytro and wfsddme, and fore lufan paes godcundan beow- domes, hi gelomlice neosodan and sohton, and hie georne lufedon, and hie geornlice tydon and laerdon. Mid py heo pa feala geara pyssum mynstre in regollices Iifes lure swioe geornful fore waes, Sa gelomp past heo on- feng mynster to timbrienneand to endebyrdienne, in stowe seo is gecyged Streoneshalh, and heo paet weorc, pe hire pa to gebeoded waes, unaswundenlice gefyllde ; forpon pa sylfan pe aer paet mynster heoldon and rihton, heo mid peodscipum regollices lifes insette, and trymede : ond hie eac swylce paer soSfaestnesse and arfasstnesse and claennesse and opera gastlicra maegena gehyld, and swipust sibbe and Godes lufan geornlice lasrde, paette, on bysene paere frympelican cyricean, naenig paer welig waes, ne naenig waadla, ac eallum waere eal gemaene, noht agnes aenigum gesewen waes. Waes heo swa micelre snytro and wfsdomes, paette nalaes paet an ))aette pa mettran men ymb heora nedpearfnesse waeron, ac eac swylce cyningas and ealdormen oft from hire gepeaht and wfsdom sohton, and hine paer gearone gemetton ; ond hie swa swifte [on]* leornunge godcundra gewrita and softfaestnesse weorcum hire underpeoddan dyde to biggong- enne, paette paer epelice monige mihton gemette beon, pa pe to ciriclicuin hade, paet is to wigbedes penunge, gepungen * The words within brackets are not in the Corp. Chr. MS. F 2 100 FROM KING ALFRED'S BEDA. waeron : paet is to tacne, paet we gesegon aefter pan fif biscopas pa pe of j>aem ylcan mynstre comon, and paer ge- la-rde waeron, ealle mycelre geearnunge and halignesse weras : pa waeron pus hatene and nernde, Bosa, TEtla, Oft- for, Iohannes and WilfriS. Big paem serestan we bufan cwaedon, past he waere in Eoforwicceastre to biscope ge- halgad ; bi paem aeftran is hraedlice to witanne, paet he waes on Dorce-ceastre to biscope gehalgad ; big paem nehstan twaui her is aefter to cwepenne, paet heora se a^rra waes set Heagostealdes ea, and se eeftra waes in Eoforwic-ceastre, to biscope gehalgad. Be paem midlestan is nu to secgenne. pa he, in seghwae- perum mynstre, Hilde paere abbudissan geornlice his leorn- uuge eetfalh, pa wolde he eac swilce Rome gesecan, paet in pa tfd waes micles msegenes teald and gelyfed. Da he panon eft hwearf, pa gesohte he eft Breotone, ferde 6a in Hwiccia maegpe, paer waes pa Osric cyning, and he paer Godes word and pffis lialgan geleafan bodade and laerde, and somod aetgaedere lifes bysene on him seolfum gegear- wade eallum pam pe hine gesegon and gehyrdon, and he micle tfde pasr wunade. In pa ylcan tfd, se biscop paere maegpe, se \va:s Bosel haten, waes mid swa micelre untrum- nesse his lichoman hefigad, paet lie pa bisceop-penungepurh hine [sylfne] penian ne mihte ; forpon pa, ealra heora dome, se foresprecena wer for hine in biscophad waes ge- coren, and pa, purh iEpelredes hsese, Myrcna cyninges, )>aere eadegan gemynde WilfriS biscop hine to biscope ge- halgade, se on pa tfd pone bysceophad penade Middel-Engla; forpon pe se arcebysceop Theodor waes pa forSfered, and naenig oper bysceop pa-gena fore hine gehalgad waes. On paere ylcan maegpe, hwene aer, paet is aer pam foresprecenan (iodcs men Boosle, waes of paere ylcan abbudissan mynstre sum from wer, and wel gelaered, and scearpre gleawnesse, to biscope gecoren, paes noma waes TaatfriS, ac airpon Se FROM KING ALFRED'S BEDA. 101 ho gehadod beon niilite, he wjes mid hraedlice deaSe for- gripen. Ond seo foresprecene Cristes peowe Hild abbu- disse, ealle pape hie cupon, for arfaestnesse tacne and Godes gyfe, gewunadon hi moder cygan and nemnan ; and nalses }>aet an, paet heo in hire niynstre paem andweardum lffes bysene gestode, ac eac swylce monigum feor-wuniendum, to paem pe se gcsaeliga hlisa hire geornfulnesse and hire maegenes becom, paet him godre rece and haslo intingan pcnade. Waes paet eac gedefen, paet paet swefen gefylled waere, paatte BregoswiS, hire modor, geseah on hire cildhade. Da Hereric, hire wer, wracade under Cerdicc, Brett a cyninge, and pa?r waes mid atre acweald ; pa geseah heo, purh svvefn, swa swa he semninga from hire ahafen and alaeded waere. Da sohte heo hine mid eallre geornfullnesse, and naenige swafee his owern aetywdon. Da heo fa hine bihi- dilice and gcornlice sohte, fa gemette heo semninga, under hyre hraagle, gyldene sigele swifte deorwyrSe. pa heo pa geornlice hi sceavode and beheold, pa waes heo gesavven mid swa miele beorhtnesse [past heo eal Breotene gemaero mid hire leohtes sciman] gefyllde. paet swefen waes soSlice gefylled on hyre dehter, be ]>sere we nu sprecaft ; forpon hyre Iff nalaes hyre anre and hyre underpeoddum wjes leohtes bysen, ac swi<5e monigum wide, pam pe woldan Gode wel leofian. Mid 8y heo pa monig ger pyssum mynstre, paet ys aet Streonesheale, on abbudissan pegnunge fore waes, pa licade pam arfaestan Foreseonde ure haelo, hyre pa halgan saule eac swylce mid longre untrumnesse lichaman ademde and asodene beon ; paet aefter poes apostoles bysene hyre maegeu on untrumnesse gefremed and getrymed waere. Da waes heo gestanden mid hefigre untrumnesse lichaman, and purh syx singal ger paere ylcan hefinesse adle unblinnendlice won, and on ealre paere tfde heo naefre blan hyre Scyppende 102 FROM KING ALFRED'S BEDA. .Elmihtigum Gode pancuncge don ; ge eac pa bebodenan heorde hyre manian and laeran : hi ealle gennyndige waeron hyre bysene, past hi on para gesundlican pingum and on paere onfangenan hselo lichaman heo geornlice Drihtne peowde and hyrde ; and on pam wiSerweardum pingum, oSSe on lichaman untrumnessum, paet heo symle getreow- lice Dryhtne pancunge dyde. Da waes py seofoSan geare hyre untrumnesse paet seo adl and paet sar hwyrfde on hyre innopas, and heo becom to pam ytemestan dsege, and, ymb hancred utan, heo onfeng wegnyste paere swiSe halgan gemaensunmesse Cristes licha- man and his blodes. Da gehet heo pa Godes peowas to hyre, pa pe on pam ylcan mynstre waeron, and heo pa-gyt hi manode and laerde, past hi betvveoh him heoldon and eallum Godes mannum sibbe and lufan, and betweoh pa word hyre trymnesse and lare, heo blio"e dea'8 geseah ; and gen so'Sre, pset ic Drihtnes wordum sprece, paet heo of deaSe ferde to life. Da wses on paere sylfan nihte, paet se iElmihtiga Drihten hyre forftfore on oprum mynstre fyr gesettum, past heo py ylcan geare ser getimbrade, and is nemned Haconos, mid sweotolre gesyhtie, waes geeafimodad to onwrionne. Waes on pam sylfan mynstre sum haligu nunne paere nama waes BeguswyS, seo waes Dryhtne gehalgad on claenum maegp- hade, ma ponne pritig wintra ; and heo paer on munuchade Dryhtne peowade. Da waes heo restende on sweostra slaep- erne, pa gehyrde heo semninga on poere lyfte uppcundne sweg, and hleopor clucggan paere hi gewunedon to gebedum gecigde and awehte beon, ponne heora hwylc of worulde gefered waes. Da geseah heo, openum eagum, paes pe hyre puhte, of pais huses hrofe ufan micel leoht cuman, and eall paet hus gefyllde. Da heo pa on paet leoht behydilice lo- cade, and hit georne beheold, pa geseah heo paere forespre- cenan Godes peowe saule, Hilde paere abbudissan, on pam FROM KING ALFRED'S BEDA. 103 sylfan leohte, engla weredum gelaedendum, to hcofonum up-geborene beon. Mid Sy heo pa py slaepe tobraed, pa geseah heo opre sweos- tor ymb hi restende, pa onget heo, ge on pam swefne ge on hyre modes gesyhee, hire aetywed beon paet heo geseah ; and heo sona aras, mid micle ege afyrhted, and arn to paere faemnan, pe pa paes niynstres abbudysse wees, Hylde geong- ra, pcere nania waes FreogyS, and heo mid wope and mid tearum waes swiSe geondgoten, and longe sweorettunge wees teomle ; and hire saegde, ealra heora moder Hilde abbu- dissan pa of vveorolde geleoran, and, hyre geseondre, mid micele leohte and mid engla preatum, to paem ecan leohte heofona rices wuldres, and to gemanan para uplicra ceaster- werena astigan. Da heo pa paet gehyrde, pa awehte heo ealle pa sweostor, and het to cyrcan gan, and in gebedum and on sealm-songe for heora modor sawle georne pingedon. Da hie paet pa georne dydon pa lafe paere nihte tfde, pa co- mon, swifte aer in dagunge, sume broftor, pa pe hire foroTore saegdon from paere stovve pe heo foroTered waes ; andswere- don hie and cwaedon, paet hi paet ilce aer wiston and ongea- ton ; and py hie pa purh endebyrdnesse pam broprum araeh- ton, hu hie pas ping and hwsenne hie geleornodon ; and hie him saedon in hwylce tfd heo of middangearde leorde. pa waes gemeted paette hire geleornes wses in pa ylcan tfd pe hire purh pa gesihoe aetywed waes ; ond, mid faegerre ge- pwaemesse para wisena, waes godcundlice foresewen, paet mid py hie hire utgong gesawon of pyssum life, pa pa up hire ingong ongeton in paet ece Iff haligra sawla. Daer syudon betweonon pam twam mynstrum preottyne mfla ametene. Daet on hire mynstfe waes sum brcSor, \>am godcundlice forgifen waes gyfu to singanne. On pisse abbudissan mynstre, waes sum broftor synderlice 104 FROM KING ALFRED'S BEDA. mid godcundre gyfe gem&ered, and geweorJ>ad ; forpon he gewunade gerisenlice leoS wyrcean, fa pe to aafaestnesse and to arfaastnesse belumpon ; swa paette swa hwaet swa he of godcundum stafum purh boceras geleornade, J?aet he aefter med-miclum faece in scop-gereorde, raid pa maestan swet- nesse and inbryrdnesse geglencde, and in Englisc gereorde wel gehwaer forSbrohte ; and for his leo<5-songum, monigra monna mud oft to worolde forhohnesse, and to gepeodnesse paes heofonlican lffes onbaernde waeron. Ond eac swylce monige o8re aefter him in Ongel-]>eode ongunnon aefeste leo5 wyrcan, ac naenig hwaepere him paetgelice don meahte; forpon he nalaes from monnuni ne purh mon gelaered waes, paet he pone leoScraeft geleornade ; ac he waes godcundlice gefultumod, and purh Godes gyfe pone songcraeft onfeng ; ond he forpon naefre noht leasunga, ne ideles leopes wyrcan meahte, ac efne pa an pa pe to aefestnesse belumpon, and his pa aefestan tungan gedafenode singan. Waes he se mon in weoruldhade geseted 08 8a tfde pe he waes gelyfedre yldo, and he naefre aenig leoS geleornade : and he forpon oft in gebeorscipe, ponne paer waes blisse intingan gedemed, paet hie ealle sceoldon purh endebyrd- nesse be hearpan singan, Sonne he geseah pa hearpan him nealaecan, ponne aras he for scome from paem symble, and ham code to his huse. Da he paet pa sumre tfde dyde, paet he forlet paet hus paes gebeorscipes, and ut waes gongende to neata scypene, para heord him waes paere nihte beboden, 8a he pa paer in geliraplicre tide his limo on reste gesette and onslaepte, pa stod him sum mon aet, purh swefn, and bine halette and grette, and hine be his naman nemde, Caedmon, sing me aethwegu. pa andswarode he, and cwaeS, Ne con ic noht singan, and ic forpon of pyssum gebeorscipe ut-eode, and hider gewat, forpon ic noht cu<5e. Eft he cw;e8, seSe mid him sprecende waes, HwaeSere pu meaht me singan. CwaeS he, Hwaet sceal ic singan. Cwaeo" he, FROM KING ALFRED'S BED A. 105 Sing me Frumsceaft. Da he ]>a ]>as andsware onfeng, 8a ongan he sona singan, in herenesse Godes Scyppendes, }>a t'ers and )>a word J>e he neefre ne gehyrde, ]>ara endebyrd- nes ]>is is. Nu we sceolan herian eorSan bearnum, heofon-riees Weard, heofon to hrofe, Metodes mihte, halig Scyppend ; and his mod-ge]>onc, ]>a middangeard, wera Wuldor- Feeder ; moncynnes Weard, swa he wundra gehwoes, ece Dryhten, ece Dryhten, eefter teode oord onstealde. firura foldan, He merest gesceop, Frea iElmihtig. Da ants he from peem sleepe, and eall ]>a ]>e he sleepende song faeste in gemynde heefde, and psem wordum sona mo- nig word in paet ylce gemet, Gode wyrpes songes, to-ge- peodde. Da com he on marne to pam titn-gerefan, sepe his ealdormon wees, him seede, hwylce gyfe he onfeng, and he hine sona to peere abbudyssan geleedde, and hire pcet cvftde and seegde. pa het heo gesomnian ealle pa geleerdestan men and pa leorneras, and him andweardum het seegan past swefn, and peet leoS singan, peette eallra heora dome gecoren weere, hweet oSfie hvvonon peet cumen weere. Da wees him eallum gesegen, swa swa hit wa?s, poet him weere from Dryhtne sylfum heofonlic gifu forgifen. Da rehton hie him and seegdon sum halig spell, and godcundre lure word : bebudon him fa, gif he mihte, peet he him sum sunge, and in swinsunge leoSsonges peet gehwyrfde. Da he pa heefde pa wfsan onfangene, pa eode he ham to his huse, and com eft on morgen, and, py betstan leotie geglenged, him asong and ageaf peet him beboden wees. Da ongan seo abbudysse clyppan and lufian pa Godes gyfe in pcem men, and heo hine pa monode and leerde, J>set f5 10G FROM KING ALFRED'S BEDA. he weoroldlu'id forlete, and munuchade onfenge ; ond he past vvel pafode ; and heo hine in paet mynster onfeng mid his godnm, and hine gepeodde to gesoranunge para Godes peowa, and het hine lairan paet getael paes halgan staeres and spelles; ond he eall paet he in gehernesse geleornian mihte, mid hine gemyngade, and, swa claene nyten eodorcende, in paet sweteste leoS gehwyrfde, and his song and his leoS waeron swa wynsum to gehyrenne, pastpasylfan hislareovvas aet his mufte writon and leornodon. Song he arrest be mid- dangeardes gesceape, and be fruman moncynnes, and eall past steer Genesis, paet is seo aareste Moises boc, and eft be litgonge Israela folces of iEgypta londe, and be ingonge paes gehat-londes, and be oSrum monignm spellum paes halgan gevvrites canones boca, and be Cristes menniscnesse, and be his prowunge, and be his up-astignesse on heofonas, and big paes Halgan Gastes cyme, and para apostola lare ; and eft bi pam ege paes toweardan domes, and be fyrhto paes tintreglican wites, and be swetnesse paes heofonlican rices, he monig leoS geworhte ; and swylce eac oper monig be pam godcunduin fremsumnessum and domuru he ge- worhte. On eallum pam he geornlice gymde paet he men atuge fram synna lufan and man-daeda, and to lufan and to geornfullnesse avvehte godra daeda ; forj'on he waes se mon swiSe sefest, and reogollicum peodscypum eaftmodlice un- der]>eoded ; and wiS pam pa Se on opre wfsan don woldon, he waes mid wylme micelre ellenwodnesse onbterned, and he forpon faegere ende his Iff betynde and geendade. Forpon pa Saere tide nealecte his gewitenesse and forS- fore, (5a waes he feowertyne dagum tier, paet he waes licum- licre untrymnesse prycced and hefigad, hwaepere to pon gemetlice, paet he ealle pa tfd mihte ge sprecan ge gangan. Waes paer on neaweste untrumra manna hus, on pam hyra peaw wass paet hi pa nntruman, and pa pe aet forSfore waeron, inlaedan sceoldan, and him paer aetsomne penian. Da baed FROM KING ALFRED'S BEDA. 107 he his pen, on aefenne paere nihte pe he of worulde gangende waes, paet he on Jiam huse him stowe gegearwade, pset lit restan mihte. Da wundrade se J>eng for hwon he paes bsede, forpon him puhte paet his forSfore swa neh ne waere, dydc hwaepere swa swa he cwaeS and bebead : ond mid py he pa paer on reste eode, and he gefeonde mode sumu pingaetgae- dere mid him sprecende and gleowiende waes pe paer aer inne waeron, pa waes ofer middeniht paet he fraegn, hwaeper hi aenig husel paer-inne haefdon ? Da andswarodon hie and cwtedon, Ilwilc )>earf is pe husles? Ne pihre for'ofore swa neh is, nu ]m pus rotlice and pus glaedlice to us sprecende eart. CwaeS he eft, BeraS me hwaepere husel to. Da he hit on handa haefde, pa fraeng he, hwaeper hi ealle smylte mod, and butan eallum mean, blioe to him haefdon? Da andswarodon hi ealle, and cwaedon, paet hi naenigne incan to him wistan, ac hi ealle him swiSe bliSe mode waeron, and hi wrixendlice hine baedon paet he him eallum blifte waere. Da andswarode he, and cwaeS, Mfne bropro pa leofan, ic eom swiSe blipmod to eow and to eallum Godes monnum. And he swa waes hine getrymmende mid py heofonlican wegneste, and him opres lffes inganggearwade. Da gyt he fraegn, hu neh paere tid waere, paette pa broo'or arfsan sceoldon, and Godes folc laeran and heora uht-sang singan ? Andswearodon hi, Nis hit feor to pon. CwaeS he, Tela, utan we wel paere tfde bidan ; and pa him gebaed, and hine gesenade mid Cristes rdde-tacne, and his heafod unliylcle to pain bolstre, and med-mycel faec onslaepte, and swa mid stillnesse his Iff geendade. Ond swa waes geworden, paette swa swa he hluttere mode and bylewite and smyltre wilisumnesse Drihtne peowde, paet he eac swylce swa smylte deaSe middangeard waes forlaetende, and to his gesyhSe becom. And seo tunge pe swa monig halwende word on paes Scyppendes ldf gesette, he pa swylce eac pa ytemestan word on his herenesse, hine sylfne seniendc, and his gast 108 FROM APOLLONIUS OF TYRE. in his handa bebeodende, betynde. Eac swylce paet is ge- segen 8 , paet he weere gewis his sylfes foi6fore, of pam pe we nu secgan hyrdon. FROM THE STORY OF APOLLONIUS OF TYRE. Mid pi 6e se cyning pas word gecwae.6, 6a faeringapar eode in 6aes cynges iunge dohtor, and cyste hyre faeder and 6a ymbsittendan. Da heo becora to Apollonio, pa gewaende heo ongean to hire faeder, and cwat6, Du goda cyningc, and miu se leofesta faeder, hwaet is pes innga man, pe ongean Se on swa wurSlicum setle sit, mid sarlicum andwlitan ? nat ic hwaet he besorga6. Da cwae6 se cyningc, Leofe ilolitor, pes iunga man is forliden, and he gecwemde me manna betst on 6am plegan ; forSam ic hine gela6ode to 6ysum urura gebeorscipe. Nat ic hwaet he is, ne hwanon he is ; ac gif 6u wille witan hwaet he sy, axsa hine, for6am pe gedafenaS paet pu wite. Da eode J>aet maeden to Apol- lonio, and mid fbrwandigendre spraece cwae6, Deah 6u stille sy and unrot, }>eah ic pine ae6elborennesse on 6e geseo : nu ponne, git' 6e to hefig ne pince, sege me pinne naman, and pin gelymp arece me. Da cwae6 Apollonius, Gif 6u for neode axsast aefter milium naman, ic secge pe, ic hine for- leas on s£e. Gif 6u wilt mine ae6elborennesse witan, wite 6u paet ic hig forlet on Tharsum. Daet ma-den cwee6, Sege me gewislicor, paet ic hit masge understandan. Apollonius pa so61ice hyre arehte ealle his gelymp, and aetpare spraecan ende him feollon tearas of 6am eagum. Mid py 6e se cyngc paet geseah, he bewaende hine 6a to 6are dohtor, and cwaeS, Leofe dohtor, pu gesingodest mid py pe pu woldest witan his naman and his gelimp : 6u hafast nu ge-edniwod his ealde sar ; ac ic bidde pe paet pu gife him swa hwaet swa pu wille. Da6a paet maeden gehirde paet hire * MS. gesacgd: the original has videlur. FROM APOLLONIUS OF TYRE. 109 waes alyf'ed fram hire faeder paet lieo ear hyre silf gedun wolde, (5a cwaa'8 heo to Apollonio, Apolloni, sotflice pu eart ure; forlaet pine niurcnunge; and nu ie mines faeder leafe haebbe, ic gedo pe weligne. Apollonius hire paes pancode, and se cyngc blissode on his dohtor welwillendnesse, and hyre to cwae'S, Leol'e dohtor, hat feccan pine hearpan, and gecig (5e to pinum fry mi, and afirsa fram )>am iungan his sarnesse. Da eode lieo lit, and het feccan hire hearpan ; and sona swa heo hearpian ongan, heo mid winsumum sange ge- moegnde pare hearpan sweg. Da ongunnon ealle pa men hi herian on hyre swegcraeft, and Apollonius ana swigode. Da cwaetS se cyningc, Apolloni, nu Su dest yfele, forSam pe ealle men heriao mine dohtor on hvre swegcraefte, and pu ana hi swigcnde taelst. Apollonius c\v»S, Eala pu gdda cyngc, gif Su me gelifst, ic secge paet ic ongite paet soSlice pin dohtor gefeol on swegcraeft ; ac heo naef'3 hine na wel geleornod. Ac hat me nu sillan pa hearpan, ponne wast pu nu paet pu git mist. Arcestrates se cyning cwae'S, Apol- loni, ic oncnawe soSlice paet pu eart on eallum pingum wel geldered. Da het se cyng sillan Apollonige pa hearpan. Apollonius pa ut-eode, and hine scridde, and sette aenne cyne-helm uppon his heafod, and nam pa hearpan on his hand, and in-eode, and swa stdd paet se cyngc and ealle pa ymbsittendan wt'ndon paet he naere Apollonius, ac paet he waere Apollines, "Sara haaSenra god. Da wearS stilnes and swfge geworden innon (5are healle, and Apollonius his hearpe-naegl genam, and he pa hearpe-strengas mid craefte astirian ongan, and ]>are hearpan sweg mid winsumum sange gemaegnde ; and se cyngc silf and ealle pe par and- wearde waeron, micelre staefne cliopodon, and hine heredon. JEfter pisum forlet Apollonius pa hearpan and plegode, and fela faegera pinga par forftteah, pe pam folce ungecnawen waes and ungewunelic : and heom eallum pearle licode aelc para pinga oe he forSteah. 110 A DIALOGUE BETWEEN SATURN AND SOLOMON. Hek kiS hu Saturnus and Saloman fettode ymbe heora wfsdom. pa cwaeft Saturnus to Saloraane, Sage me hwer God sete pa he geworhte heofonas and eorSan ? Ic pe secge, he saett ofer feSerum. Sage me hwilc word aerust forS- eode of Godes muSe ? Ic pe secge, Fiat lux et facta lux. Saga me for hwilcum pingum heofon sy gehaten heofon ? Ic pe secge, forpon he behelaS eall paet hym be ufan b)6. Saga me hwaet is God ? Ic pe secge paet ys God pe ealle ping on hys gewealdum hafaS. Saga me on hu fela dagum God geworhte ealle gesceafta? Ic pe secge on vi. dagum God gesceop ealle gesceafta : on pam aerostan daege he gesceop leoht ; on ]> am aefteran daege he gesceop pa ge- sceapu pe pisne heofon healdacS ; on para priddan daege he gesceop Scie and eorfian ; on pam feoi San daege he gesceop heofonaes tunglon ; and on Sam v. daege he gesceop fixas and fugelas ; and on Sam vi. daege he gesceop deor, and nytenu, and Adam, Sone aerostan man. Saga me hwanon waes Adames nania gesceapen ? Ic pe secge fram nil. steor- runi. Saga me hwaet hatton page? Ic pe secge Arthox, Dux, Arotholem, Minsymbrie. Saga me paet andworc pe Adam waes of-geworht, se aerusta man ? Ic pe secge of vin. punda gewihte. Saga me hwaet hatton page? Ic pe secge poet aeroste waes foldan pund, of 8am him waes flesc geworht ; ofier waes fyres pund, panon him wa;s paet blod read and hat; pridde waes vvindes pund, panon him waes seo aeSung geseald ; feorSe waes wolcnes pund, panon him waes his modes unstaftelfaestnes geseald ; fifte waes gyfe pund, panon him waes geseald se fat and geSang ; syxste waes blost- nena pund, panon him waes eagena myssenlicnys geseald; SATURN AND SOLOMON. 11 J seofoSe waes deavves pund, panon him becom swat ; eahtofte waes sealtes pund, panon him waeron pa tearas sealte. Saga me on hwilcere ylde waes Adam, fia he gesceapon waes? Ic pe secge he waes on xxx. wintra yldo. Saga me hu lang woes Adam on laenge gesceapen ? Ic pe secge he waes vi. and ex. ynca lang. Saga me hu fela wintra leofode Adam on ]>issere worulde ? Ic pe secge he leofode ix. hund win- tra, and xxx. wintra, on geswince and on yrmo'e ; and syS- oan to helle ferde, and par grimme witu polode v. pusend wintra, and twa hund wintra, and viii. and xx. wintra. Saga me hu fela wintra haefede Adam oer he beam strinde ? Ic pe secge an hund wintra, and xxx. wintra, air he beam strinde ; and pa gestrinde he beam on his cnihtlnide, se hatte Seth, and he pa leofode ealles nygon hundred wintra, and xxx. on Jrissere worulde. Da lyfde Seth his sunu an hund wintra, and v. wintra, aer he bearn gestrinde, and pa gestrinde he bearn, on his cnihthade, se haette Enos, and pa lyfde he hym sylf ealles nygon hund wintra, and xn. wintra. Da haefede Enos an hund wintra, pa gestrinde he Chanan, and pa lyfde he Enos ealles nygon hund wintra, and v. wintra. And pa haefede Chanan lxx. wintra, pa gestrinde he Malaleh, and Chanan lyfde pa ealles nygon hund wintra, and x. wintra. pa haefede Malaleh v. and lx. wintra, pa gestrinde he Iared ; and Malaleh he lyfde ealles nygon hund wintra, and v. wintra. Da haefede Iared n. and lx. wintra, and an hund wintra, pa gestrinde he Enoh ; and Iared his faeder lyfde ealles eahta hund wintra, and n. and lx. wintra. Da haefede Enoh v. and lx. wintra, pa gestrinde he Matusalem ; and Enoh lyfde ealles ccc. wintra, and v. and lx. wintra ; pa genam hine God, myd sawle and myd lychaman, up in pone heofon. Da haefede Mathusalem vn. and lxxx. wintra, and an hund wintra, pa gestrinde he Lamec ; and Matusalem his faeder lyfde ealles nygon hund wintra, and ix. and lx. wintra. Da haefede Lamec an hund 112 SATURN AND SOLOMON. wintra, and lxxxii. wintra, fa gestrinde he Noe ; and La- mec lyfde ealles vn. hund wintra, and lxxvii. wintra. Da liEefede Noe d. wintra, fa gestrinde he beam, Sem, Cham, Iafet ; and Noe lyfde ealles in f issere worulde dcccc. win- tra, and l. wintra. Saga me hu faela feoda awocon of his in. bearnum ? Ic fe secge, lxxii. feoda sindon ; and of Seme his yldestan suna awocon xxx., and of Cham xxx., and of IafeSe xii. Saga me hwaet waes seSe acenned nses, and 33ft bebyrged waes on his inoder innoSe, and aefter f am deafie gefullod waes ? Ic f e secge, fast was Adam. Saga me hu lange lyfde Adam on neorxena-wange? Ic fe saecge and on fain he abyrgde fa forbodenan fic- trewes blaeda, and fast on frigdaeg, and f urh fast he was on helle v. fusend wintra, and n. c. wintra, and vin. and xx. wintra. Saga me of Sea Maria ylde. Ic f e secge, heo wass in. and syxtig geara eald, fa heo be lyfon waes, and heo was xiiii. wintra, fa heo Crist cende, and heo waes myd him xxxm. geara on myddanearde, and heo waes xvi. ger aefter him on worulde. And fram Adame, and of frimSe myddaneardes, was on getal gerfmes, or3 f one micelan Noes Hod, II. fusend wintra, and n. c. wintra, and n. and lx. wintra ; and fram fam flode waes of Abrahames gebyr-tfde ix. c. wintra, and n. and xl. wintra; and fram Abrahame waes fa forrj 06 Moises tfd, and Israela ofer-far ut of Egyptam, v. c. wintra, and vm. wintra ; and fram frimSe myddaneardes 08 Cristes frowunge waeion vi. fusend win- tra, and hund wintra, and vin. and l. wintra. Saga me hu lange worhte men Noes earce ? Ic f e secge, lxxx. wintra, of fain treow-cinne fe is genemned Sem. Saga me hvvaet hatte Noes wyf? Ic fe secge, heo haette Dalila. And hwoat hatte Chames wyf? Iaftarecta heo hatte. And hvvaet hatte IafetSes wyf? Ic fe secge, Catafluuia heo hatte ; and ooVuiu nanian hyg sindon genenmede, Olla, and Ollfna, and Ollibana, swa hyg freo hatton. Saga me hu lange SATURN AND SOLOMON. 113 w;cs Noes flud ofer eorfian? Ic ]>e secge, xl. daga and nihta. Saga me hu lang was Noes earc on lenge ? Ic }>e secge, heo waes ccc. faeSema lang, and l. faeSema wfd, and xxx. faeoema heah. Saga me hwaet suna haefede Adam ? Ic ]>e secge, xxx. sunena, and xxx. dohtra. Saga me hwilc iTiann atimbrode aerust ceastre? Ic J?e secge, Knos hatte, and waes Niniuem seo burh, and wseron ]>arin gemanna hund-tweltig Jmsenda, and xx. Jmsenda; and Hierusalem seo burh heo waes aerost aefter ]>am Noes flode getymbrod. And hwaet haette seo burh ]>aer sunne up on morgen gae6 ? Ic j>e secge, Iaiaca hatte seo buruh. Saga me hwar gaeS seo sunne on aef'en to saetle ? Ic ]>e secge, Garita hatte seo burh. Saga me hwilc wyrt ys betst and selust? Ic pe secge, lilige hatte seo wyrt, forpon ]>e heo getacnaS Crist. Saga me hwilc fugel ys selust ? Ic J>e secge, culfre ys se- lust, heo getacnaS 8one Halegan Gast. Saga me hwanon eyni(S ligetu ? Ic secge, heo kimS fram winde and tram watere. Saga me hwilc water is selust ? Ic pe secge, lordanem seo ea ys selust, forpon J>e Crist waes on hyre gefullod. Saga me hwider gewiton ]>a engelas j>e Gode wiSsocon on heofona nee ? Ic ]>e secge, hyg todaeldon on j>ri daelas ; anne dael he asette on J>aes lyftes gedrif, oj^erne dael on J?aes wateres gedrif, ]>riddan dcel on helle neowel- nysse. Saga me hu fela is woruld-watra? Ic ]>e secge, twa syndon sealte see, and twa fersce. Saga me hwilc man erost waere wyS hund sprecende ? Ic }>e secge, Scs Petrus. Saga me hwilc man aj'ohte aerust myd sul to aeriende ? Ic \>e secge, paet waes Cham, Noes sunu. Saga me forhwam stanas ne synt berende ? Ic ]>e secge, fbrJ>on J>e Abeles blod gefeoll ofer stan, pa. hyne Chain hys broker ofsloh myd anes esoles cyng-bane. Saga me hwaet ys betst and wyrst betwinan mannon ? Ic )>e secge, word ys betst and wyrst betwix mannon. Saga me hwaet ys cupost mannon on eorSan to witanne? Ic ]>e secge, J>aet nys naenygum men 114- SATURN AND SOLOMON. nanwyht swa cuS swa he sceal deao" prowian. Saga me hwaet syndon pa ill. ping pe nan man buton lufian ne maeg? Ic pe secge, on ys fyr, o<5er ys waeter, pridde ys ysen. Saga me hwilc treow ys ealra treowa betst ? Ic pe secge, paet ys wm-treow. Saga me hwar reste<5 paes mannes sawul, ]>onne se lychama slep'3 ? Ic pe secge, on prim stovvum heo byS : on pam bragene, oppe on pere heortan, oppe on pam bldde. Saga me for hwan waes seo sae sealt ge- worden. Ic pe secge, of pam x. wordum pe Moises ge- somnode in paere ealdan 33, Godes bebode, and he awearp )>a x. word in pa sae, and his tearas aget in pa sae ; forpon wearS seo sealt. Saga me hwaet waeron fa word ? Ic pe secge, paet forme word waes : Non habeas Deos alienos, paet is, Ne lufa pu operne God ofer me. paet oper word waes, Non adsumes nomen Dili in vanum, Ne cig pu Godes naman on ydel. past prid HealdaS pone haligan resten daeg. paet wags, Ara pfnon faeder and pihre meder, word waes, Non occides, Ne sleh }m man dine, past vi. word waes, Non mechaberis, On unriht ne haemS pu. paet vn. word waes, Ne stala pu. past vni. word waes, Ne saege lease gewitnysse. past ix. word waes, Ne concupiscas uxorem proximi tui, Ne gewilna pu oSres mannes wyfes on unriht. Saga me hwaer is Moyses byrgen, paes kininges ? Ic pe secge, heo ys be fam huse pe Fegor hatte, and nan man nys pe hyg wite aer ]iam miclan dome. Saga me for hwilcum pingum peos eorSe awyrged waere, oSSe aeft ge- bletsod? Ic pe secge, ]>urh Adam heo waes awirged, and jmrh Abeles blod, and aeft heo waes gebletsod purh Noe, and and jmrh fulluhte. Saga me hw wihgeard ferost plantode ? Ic pe secge, paet se heahfaeder. Saga me hwa nemde aerost Godes naman? Ic pe secge, se deoful ne'mde aerost Godes naman. Saga me hwaet is hefogost to berenne on eorftan ? Ic pe secge, mannes synna, and his hlafordes yrre. Saga me hwaet ys paet oSrum lfcyge, SATURN AND SOLOMON. 115 and oSrura myslycige ? Ic pe secge, paet is ddm. Saga me hvvaet syndon pa nir. ping pe naefre fulle naeron, ne naef re ne beo'S. Ic pe secge, tin ys eorfie, oocr ys fir, pridde ys hell, feor]>e ys se gytsyenda man worulde Melena. Saga me hu fela ys fleogendra fugel-cynna? Ic pe secge nn. l. Saga me hu fela ys fisc-cynna on woetere ? Ic pe secge, vi. and xx. Saga me hwilc man {ferost mynster getimbrode ? Ic pe secge, Elias and Eliseus pa witegan, and, aefter ful- luhte, Paulus and Antonius, pa terostan ancran. Saga me hwaet syndon pa streamas, and pa . . . .an, pe on neorxena- wange flotaS ? Ic pe secge, hiora syndon mi., seo airoste hatte Fison, seo oper hatte Geon, and seo m.hatte Tygres, seo feorpe Eufraten, paet is meolc, and hunig, and sele, and win. Saga me forhwan byS seo sunne read on aefen ? Ic pe secge, forpon heo locaS on helle. Saga me hwf scyneS heo swa reade on raorgene? Ic pe secge, forpon hyre twynaS hwaeper heo maeg pe ne mseg pisne myddaneard eondscynan, swa hyre beboden ys. Saga me pas iiii. wse- tera pe pas eorSan i'eda'S ? Ic ]>e secge, paet ys snaw, and waeter, and hagol, and deaw. Saga me hwa aarost bdc- stafas sette ? Ic pe secge, Mercurius se gygand. Saga me hwaet boc-kinna and hu fela syndon? Ic pe secge, kanones bee syndon ealra twa and hund-seofontig, eall swa fela peo syndon on gerfme, and eall swa fela leorn- yng-cnihta, butan pam xn. aptm. Mannes bana syndon on gerfme eallra cc. and xvni., mannes addre .... eallra ccc, and v. and lx. ; mannes tdpa beoS on eallum his lyfe ii. and xxx. On xn. mono'um beoS n wucena and ccc. dagena and v. and lx. daga ; on xn. monSuni beoS ehta pusend tyda and vn hund tyda ; on xn. monSum pu scealt syllan pfnon peowan men vn. hund hlafa, and xx. hlafa, baton morge-mettuin and nun-mettum. 116 THE MANDRAKE. Deos wyrt ]'e man Mandragoram nemncS ys mycel and mtere on gesihpe, and heo ys fremful. Da \> u scealt ]>yssum gemete niman : }»onne ]m to hyre cymst, Jnmne ongist pu hy, be ]>am pe heo on nihtesciheS, ealswa leoht-faet. ponne Su hyre heafod eerest ge^o, ponne bewrit pu by wel hrape mid iserne, py-laes heo pe aetfleo. Hyre msegen ys swa mycel and swa mare, past heo uncleenne man, ponne he to hyre cymeS, wel hrape fbrfleon wyle. ForSy pu hy bewrit. swa we air cwgedon, mid iserne. And swa pu scealt onbutan hy delfan, swa Su hyre mid pam iserne na aethrine ; ac Jm georulice scealt mid ylpenbaenenon staefe 8a eorftan delfan, and ponne }m hyre handa and hyre let geseo, ponne gewri8 pu hy. Nim ponne paene operne ende, and gewrift to anes hundes swyran, swa past se hund hungrig sy : wurp him syppan mete to-foran, swa paet he hyne ahreecan ne rnaege, buton he mid him pa wyrte up-abrede. Be pysse wyrte ys saed fast heo swa mycele mihte haebbe, paet swa hwylc pineg swa hy up-atyh<5, past hyt sona scyle pam sylfan gemete beon beswycen ; f'orpy sona swa pu geseo paet heo up-abro- den sy, and pu hyre geweald haebbe, genim hy sona on hand, swa andweale hi, and gewring past wos of hyre leafon on ane glaesene ampullan, and ponne oe neod becume peet pu liwylcon menn paermid helpan scyle, ponne help Jm him Svssum gemete : WiS heafod ece, etc. A SPELL TO RESTORE FERTILITY TO LAND RENDERED STERILE BY WITCHCRAFT. Her ys seo but hu pu meaht fine aeceras betan, gif hi nel- la8 wel wexan, o88e paer hwilc ungedefe ping ongedon bi8, on dry oftoe on lyblace. A SPELL. 117 Genim ponne on niht, a±r hit dagige, feower tyrf on feower healfa pass landes, and gemearca hu hy a?r stodon. Nini ponne ele, and hunig, and beorman, and aelces feos nieolc pe on paem lande sy, and aelces treow-cynnes dael pe on J>aem lande sy gewexen, butan heardan beaman, and aelcre namcupre wyrte dael, butan glappan anon ; and do ponne halig-wseter paeron, and drype ponne J)riwa on pone stafiol para turl'a, and cwe<5e ponne pis word : Crescite, wexe ; et muUiplicamini, and gemaenigfealde ; et replete, and ge- fylle ; terrain, pas eorpan ; in nomine Patris et Filii et Spi- ritus Sancti benedicti ; and Pater noster, swa oft swa paet oSer, and bere sippan pa turf to circean, and maesse-preost asinge feower maessan ofer pan turfon, and wende man pact grene to pan weofode, and sippan gebringe man pa turf peer hi aer waeron i&r sunnan setlgange, and haebbe him geworht, of cwicbeame, feower Cristes maelo, and awrfte on aelcon ende, Mattheus and Marcus, Lucas and Iohannes. Lege paet Cristes mael on pone pyt neopeweardne : cwepe ponne, Crux, Mattheus ; Crux, Marcus ; Crux, Lucas ; Crux, Io- hannes. Nim ponne pa turf, and saete paer-ufon-on, and cwepe ponne nigon sipon pas wor^d : Crescite, and swa oft Pater noster, and wende pe ponne eastweard, and onlut nigon siSon eadmodlice, and cweS ponne pas word ; Eastweard ic stande, and heah-reced, arena ic me bidde, paet ic mote pis gealdor, bidde ic pone maeran Dne mid gife Drihtnes, bidde pone miclan Drihten, topuin ontynan, bidde ic pone haligan pnrh trumne gepanc, heofon-rfees Weard ; aweccan pas waestmas eor'San ic bidde, us to woruld-nvtte, and up-heofon, gefylle pas foldan and pa sopan mid faeste geleafan, sancta Marian, wlitigian pas wang-turf ; and heofones mcaht, swa se witega cwaeS, 118 A SPELL. paecse haefde are on eorS-rfce, daelde domlice, sepe selrnyssan Drihtnes Ranees. Wende Se ponne priwa sunganges, astrece ponne on and- lang, and arim pser tetanias, and cweS ponne, Sanctus, sanctus, sanctus, 06 ende. Sing bonne, JBenedicite, apenedon earnion, and Magnificat, and Pater noster, and bebeod hit Criste, and Sancta Marian, and psere halgan rode, to lof'e and to weorSinga, and pam [to] are pe pset land age, and eallon parn pe him underpeodde synt. ponne pset eall sie gedon, ponne nfme man uncuS saed set selmesmannum, and selle him twu swyle swylce man set him nfme, and gegaderie ealle his sulh-geteogo togaedere ; borige J?onne on pan beame stor and finol and gehalgode sapan, and gehalgod sealt ; nim ponne paet seed, sete on pats sules bodig ; cweS ponne, Erce, erce, erce, eorSan modor, geunne Se se Alwalda, ece Drihten, secera wexendra, and wriSendra, eacniendra, and elniendra ; sceafta hen se scire wsestma, and psere bradan bere wsestma, and psere hwftan hwsete waestma, and ealra eorSan waestma. Geunne him ece Drihten, and his halige pe on heofonum synt, pset hys yrS si gefripod wiS ealra feonda gehwaene, and heo si geborgen wiS ealra bealwa gehwyle, para lyblaca geond land sawen. Nu bidde ic pone Waldend, sepe Sas woruld gesceop, pset ne sy to pses cwidol wff, ne to pses crseftig man, pset awendan ne msege word pus gecwedene. ponne man pa sulh forSdrife, and pa forman furh onsceote ; cweS ponne, HOMILY IN NATALE S. EADMUXDI. 119 Hal wes pa, folde I on Godes faefime, fira modor, fodre gefylled, beo Su growende firum to nytte. Nim }>onne aelces cynnes meio, and abace man innewerdne handa br&dnae hlaf, and gecned hine raid meolce, and mid halig-waetere, and lecge under pa forman furh ; cweS )>onne, Ful aecer fodres and ]>as eorSan fira cinne, \>e we on lifiac5, beorht-blowende, seGodsepasgrundasgeworhtt )m gebletsod weorS, geunne us growende gife, paes haligan noman, J>aet us corna gehwylc pe oas heofon gesceop, curae to nytte. CweS ]>onne }>ri\va, Crescite in nomine Patris benedicti, Amen ; and Pater noster priwa. IN XATALE SAXCTI EADMUXDI, REGIS ET MARTYRIS, A EiOMILY. StJM swySe ilaered munuc com su]>an ofersae, from Sseincte Benedictes stowe, on yEj>elraedes dagum kynges, to Dun- stane archeb., freom gearae asrj'am ]>e he forSferde, and sum munuc hatte Abbo. pa wurdon heo on spece, o55et Dunstan rehte be Sco Eadmundo, swa swa Eadmundes swyrd-boraa hit raehte /Epelstan kynge, ]>afta Dunstan geunc mon wees, and }>e sueord-borso waes forealdod mon. Da sette 5e munuc alle )»as gerecednysse on ane boc, and ci't, fa6a Seo boc com to us, binnon feawum gearum, ]ia awende we hit on Englisc, swa swa hit her sefter stont. pe munuc 120 HOMILY IN NATALE S. EADMUNDI. pa Abbo, binnon twam gearura, wende ham to mynstre, and wear'5 pa to abbode iset on pam ylcan mynstre. Eadmund, pe aeadigae East-Englae kyng, waes snoter and wurSful,and wurSode symle mid aepele fteawum pone Almih- tigas God. He waes eadmod and ipuncgen, and swa anraede purhwunede, J>set he nolde bugaen to bismerfulle leahtra?, ne on nane healfe he ne ahydde his peawaes, ac waes symle mundig pare sopan lufe. Gyf }m eart to heofod-men iset, ne ahaefe pu o*e, ac beo betweox monnum swa swa an mon of him. He waes cystig wEedlum and wydewum, swa swa feeder, and mid wael-willendnesse wissode his folc simle to rihtwisnesse, and pam reoan styrede and isaeligelice leofode. Hit ilamp pa set nyxtan, past Sa Deniscae leodae ferden mid scyphere, hergende and sleande wide geond lond, swa swa heorae wune is. On jiam floten waeron Sa fyrstan heafod- men, Hinguar and Hubba, geanlaehte purh deofel, and heo on NorShumbrelond gelaendon mid aescum, and waesten past lond and Sa leoden ofslogen. Da wende Hinguar east mid his scypum, and Hubba belaf on NorShumbraelande, wunnenum sige mid waelreownesse. Hinguar bicom pa to East-Englum rowende, on j>am geare pe Alfred aepeling an and twentig geare waes, pe pe Waest Seaxene king sySSan wearft masre. And pe fore-saede Hinguar faerlice, swa swa wulf, to londe bistalcode, and pe leodae sloh, werses and wif, and pa unwittige child, and to bysmere tucode pa bilewite cristene. He sende pa sySoan sona to pam kynge beotlice aerende, paet he bugon sceolde to his monraedene, gif he his feores rohte. De aerendracae com pa to Eadmunde kynge, and Hinguares aerende him heardlice ahead: "Hing- uar ure kyng, kene and sigefest on sae and on londe, haef<5 felae peodaa iwaeld, and com nu mid ferde ferlice hertolande, past he her winter-selt mid his werode habbe. Nu haet he pe daelen pine diglan goldhordaes, and pine aaldrynae streon haerlice wi<5 hine, paet pu beo his under-kyng, gif pu cwyc HOMILY IN NATALE S. EADMUNDI. 121 boon wult, forpan $e Su naefst pa mihte, paet 8u mage him wifistandaen." Hwaet pa, Eadmund kyng clypede aenne biscop, pe him pa hendest waes, and wio" hine smeade, hu he pam refcan Hinguare berstan sceolde. pa forhtede pe biscop for pam faarlice gelimpe, and for paes kynges life, and cwaeS, paet him raed puhte, fast he to )>am abuge, pe Hinguar him bead. Da swywode pe kyng, and biseah to fare eorSan, and cwae'S pa aet nyhstan kynelice him to : M Eala, )m biscop, to bysmere beoS itawode pees earman lond leodas, and me nu leofre were, paet ic on feohte feolle, wiS pam 6e min folc moste heorae eardcs brucaen." And pe biscop cwaeS : " Eala, pu leofe kyng, fin folc lip ofsla- gen, and pu naefst ])onne fultume, J?set Su feohten mage, and pas flotmen cumEefi, and oe cwicne bindaep, buten pu mid fleaine pine feore burge, ofrSe pu oe swa burge paet Su buge to him." Da cwceS Eadmund kyng, swa swa he ful kene waes : " pass ic wilnige and wisce mid mode, paet ic ane ne bileafe aefter mine leofum paegnum, J)e on heorae beddum wurdon, mid bearnum and wifum, ferlice ofslagene from pisse flotmonnum. Naes me naefre iwunelic paet ic wrohte flearnes, ac ic wolde swiftor swelton, gif ic pyrfte, for mine agene earde, and pe Almihtigae God wat past ic nylle bugan from his bigengum aefre, ne from his sooan lufe, swelte ic libbe ic." JEfter pissum word urn, he wende to pam aerendracan Se Hinguar to him sende, and saede him unforht : " Witodlice pu waere nu weorSe slaeges, ac ic nelle fylaen mine claene handaen on pine fule blode, forpam <5e ic folgige Criste, pe us swa bisnode ; ac ic blipelice wylle beon ofslagen purh eow, gif hit God foresceawaeS. Fare nu swiSe rape, and saege pine raepuin laforde, ne buhp nefre Eadmund Hinguare on life, haepene heretogaen, buton he to Haelende Criste aerest mid geleafan on pisse lond buge." Da wende pe erendracae heardlice awaeg, and imette pone waelreowan Hinguare mid alio his ferde fuse to Eadmunde, and saede G 122 HOMILY IN NATALE S. EADMUNDI. J>am arleasum hu him iandswaered waes. Hinguar bead pa mid bealde pam scyp-here, and paet heo paes kynges anes alle cepan sceoldon, pe his here forseah, and hine sone bindaen. Hwaet pa, Eadmund kyng, mid pam <5e Hinguar com, " stod innan his halle, paes Hoglendes imyndig, and awearp his wepnae, wolde efenlaecen Cristes gebisnungum, pe forbead Petrum mid waepnum to feohten wiS pa waelreowan ludeis- can. H\v$t pa, pa arleasan Eadmundum bundon, and by- smoreden hyxlice, and beoten mid sahlum, and swa sySSan laeddon ponne ileaffulne kyng to ane eorSfestum treowe, and tegdon hine Saerto, mid hearde bendum, and hine eft swuncgon longlice mid swipum, and he symle clypode, betweox pam swincglum, mid sopan ileafan, to Haelende Criste ; and pa haepene pa, for his ileafe, wurdon pa swyoe yrre, forpam $e he clypode Crist him to fultume : heo scytaen pa mid gauelocum him togeanes, oSSet he all waes biset mid heorae scotungum, svvylce yles burstae, swa swa Sebastianus waes. Da iseah Hinguar, pe arlease flotmon, past pe ae'Sele kyng nolde Criste wiSsacen, ac mid andraede ileafe hine asfre clypode, haet hine pa bihaefdian, and pa haepenan swa dyden. Betweox pam pe he clypode to Criste pa-gyt, pa tugon pa haspene pone halgan to slaege, and, mid ane swencge, slogon him of past haefod, and sawlae srSode isaelig to Criste. paer waes sum mon gehende ihealden, purh Code behydd pam haapenum, pe Sis iherde all, and hit aeft saede, swa swa we saecgaeo' hit her. Hwaet pa, Se flot- here ferde pa eft to scipe, and behyddon paet heafod paes lialgan Eadmundes on pam 'Siccum bremlum, paet hit bibu- riged ne wurSe. pa sefter fyrste, sySSan heo ifarene waeron, com paet lond-folc to, pe peer to lafe pa waes, paer heorae lafordes lie buton heafde pa keg, and wurdon switSe sarig for his slaegie on mode, and hure past heo naefdon paet hea- fod to pam bodige. pa saede Se sceawere, pe hit aer iseah, paet pa flotmen haefdon paet heafod mid heorn, and waes him HOMILY IN NATALE S. EADMUNDI. 123 ipuht, swa svva hit waas ful soft, paat heo hydden paat heofod on pam holte. For-hwaaga heo eoden pa endemes alle to j)am wude, saecende gehwaar, geond pyfelas and brymelas, gif heo niiliten imeten paat heafod. Waas eac mycel wunder paat an wulf waas isend, purh Codes willunge, to biwaa- - rigenne paat heafod, wiS pa oftre deor, ofer daag and niht. Heo eoden fta saacende and cleopigende, swa swa hit ivvu- nelic is paat Sa pe on wude gap oft: " Hwaar eart pu nu, gerefa? 3 " And him andswyrde paat heafod : " Her, her, her." And swa dome clypode andswarigende, o8Set heo alle bieomen, Jmrh pa clypunge, him to. pa laag pe graagaa wulf pe bevviste paat heafod, ant mid his twam fotum haefde paet heafod biclypped, gredig and hungrig, and for Gode ne dyrste paas haafdes onburigen, ac heold hit wi$ deor. Da wurdon heo ofwundroden paas wulfes hordraadene, and If paat halige heafod ham feroden mid heom, pankende pam Almihtigan aire his wundraa. Ac pe wulf fologede forft mid ])am heafde, oSSet heo on tune comen, swylce he tome waare, and wende aaft syppan to wude ongean. Da lond- leodan pa sy<5San laagdan paat heafod to pam halige bodige, - and burigdon, swa swa heo lihtlucost mihten on swylce raedinge, and cyrce araardon on-uppon him. Eft pa on fyrste, aafter felaa geare, pa fteo hergung aswac, and sib wearo" igyfen para iswaancte folce, pa fengon heo togadere, and wrohten ane circe wurSlice }>am halgan, aat his burigene, - aat pam bed-huse paar he iburiged waas. Heo wolden pa ferian, mid folclice wurSmente, pone halgan lichame, and laacgen inne pare circean. pa waas mycel wundor paat he waas all hal, swylce he cwic waare, mid claanum lichame, and his sweoraa waas ihaled, pe aar forslagen waas ; and waas swulce an solcene Sred embe his sweoraan, monnum to swutelunge hu he ofslagen waas. Eac swylce wundaa, pe 6a waalreowan haapenaan, mid ilome scotunge, on his lice a gefera ? g2 124 HOMILY IN NATALE S. EADMUNDI. makedon, waeron ihealede, ]>urh Sone lieofonlice God ; and he li}> sna ansund oft ]>ysne andweardne daeg, abidende aeristes and J>aes ecen wuldres. His lychame us cyft, \>e lift unforsmolsnod, faet he buton forligre her on worulde leo- fode, and mid clsene life to Criste srSode. Sura wydewa wunede, Oswyn ihaten, on gebedum and fsestenum, monige gear sy'SSan. peo walde efsiam aelce gear J>one sont, and his naegles ceorfaen syferlice mid lufe, and on scryne healdon to haligdome on weofode. pa wurSode }>aet lond-folc mid ileafaen ]>one sont to wurSmente. Da comen on sumne sael unsaelig ]>eofaes eahta, on ane nihte, to }>am arwurftaen halgan, and wolden stelon J>a raadmaes ]>e men Sider brohton, and cunnedon mid craefte hu heo in-cumen mihte. Sum sloh mid slaege swySe ]»a haepsan, sum heo mid fyle feoledon I abutaen, sum eac underdealf ]>a dure mid spade, sum heo mid laeddrae wolden unlucaen faet aeh-)>yrl ; ac heo swuncon on ydel, and earmlice f'erdon, swa J>aet }>e halgae waer heom wunderlice bont, aelene swa he stod strutigende raid tolae, past heora nan ne mihte ]>aet mor]> gefremman, ne heo ]>eonan styriaen ; ac heo stoden swa 06 maregen. Men fa ftaes wundredon, hu ]>a weargas hangedon, sum uppon laeddrae, sum leat to daelfe, and aelc on his weorce waes feste ibunden. Heo wurdon )>a ibrohte to ]>am biscope alle, and he het heom ahon on heagura gealgum alle ; ac he naes na imun- dig hu ]>e mildheorte God clypode Jrarh his witegan J>as word ]>e her stondaej? : Eos qui ducuntur ad mortem eruere ne cesses, " Da ]>e mon laet to dea]>e alys ut symle." And eac ]>a halgan canones ihadedon forbeodae]>, ge biscopum ge preostum, to beonne embe fieofaes, forf>an J>e hit ne bu- raeS ]>am tie beoft icorene Gode to ]?enigenne, paet heo juvaerlaecen scylon on aeniges monnes dea)>e, gif heo beoS drihtines ]>aegnaes. Eft fa'Sa Deodraed biscop, sySSan he his bee sceawode, he reowsode mid geomerunge, faet he swa raepne dom sette )»am unsaeligum feofum, and hit bisa- HOMILY IN NATALE S. EADMUNDI. 125 regede aefre, 0(5 his lifes ende, and pa leode bead georne paet beo him mid fsestsen fullice (5reo dagaes, biddende pone Almihtigaen God, pajt he him arisen sceolde. On pam londe waes sura mon Leof'stan iliaten, rice for wo- rulde, unwittig for Code, pe rad to pain halgan mid ricetere . swy fie, and het him aeteowan orhlice swySe pone halgae sont, hwse'Ser he isund waere; ac swa raSe swa heiscah paes sontes licharae, Sa awedde he sona?, and waelreowlice gryinetede, and earmlice endode yfelum deape. Dis is pam ilic pe halga papa Gregorius, on his isetnesse [awrat] be para hal- gura Laurentium, pe li'S on Rome-burig, Saet men wolden sceawian hu he laege ; ac God heom gestylde, swa paet fiaer swulton on fiare sceawuncge sene seofe men aetgaedere, pa swike pa o6re to sceawenne Sone martyr mid inennisce dvvylde. Felae wundrae we iherdon on folclice spaece bi para halgan Eadmundum, pe we her nyllaeo" on write setten, ac heora wat gehwa. On pissura halgum is swutel, ant on swylcum oorum, paet God Almihtig maeg pone mon araeran aeft on domes daage ansundne of eor<5an, pe pe healt Ead- raundne halne licharae, oS Sene myclan daeg, peah Se he on moldam come. WeorSe waere oeo stow for pam wurSfullaen halgum, paet hire mon wael wurSode and waelegode mid claene Godes peowum to Cristes Seowdome ; forpan Se pe halgae is raaerrae pone men magon asraean. Nis Angol bidaeled Drihtnes halgene, forpara on Engla? londe licgaep swylce halgan, swylce pes halgae king, and Chutbertus pe eadigae, and /Epeldryp on Elig, and eac hire swuster, an- sund on licharae, geleafaen to trurauncge. BeoS eac fela ofirae on Angel-cjnne, pe fela wundrae wurca;<5, swa swa hit wide is cyp, Sara Almihtigan to lofe, pe heo on ilyfden. Crist sylf swytelaep monnum, jrarh his maeren halgan, past he is /Elmihtig God, pe makaep swylce wundrae, peah pe Sa earman Iudeiscaen hine allungae wifisocon, forpan pe heo beoS awarigede, swa swa heo wiscton heom sylfum. Ne 126 WILLS. beocS nane wundrae iwrohte set heorse burigene, forpam pe heo ne gelyfaeS on pone lyfigenden Crist ; ac Crist swutelaep nionnum hwaer pe gode ileafae is, penne he swylce wundrae wurcae'S, purh his halgan, wide geond pas eorSan, pain beo wuldor and lof a mid his Heofenlice Feeder. WILLS. I. f Her swytelaft, on pissum gewrite, hu ^Elfric bisceop wille his are beteon, pe he under Gode geernode, and under Cnute kyncge, his leof'ne laforde, and sippan haef5 rihtlice gehealdan under Haralde cyncge. pet is ponne aerest ; pet ic gean pet land et Wilrincgawerpa into See Eadraunde for minra saule, and for minas lafordas, swa ful and swa forS, swa he hit me to handa let. And ic gean pet land aet Hunstanestune be iEstanbroke, and mid pan lande et Holme, into See Eadmunde. And ic wille pet pa munecas on Byrig sellan syxtig punda for pan lande et Ticeswelle and et Doccyncge, and pet perto gehyraS. And ic gean Leofstane daecane pet land et Grimastune, swa ful and swa forS swa ic hit ahte. And ic gean mine cyne-laforde Ha- ralde II. marc gol. And ic gean minre hlefdigen an marc gol. And gelaeste man .ZEgelrice an pund, minne fat-fylre a ; and sela man mina cnihtas pa mina stiwardas witan, xxxx. punda, and fif pund into Elig, and fif pund into Holm, and fif pund Wulfwarde muneke, minne maege, and fif pund iElfraehe mine saemestre. And ic wille pet man sella pet land et Walsingaham, swa man derast maege, and gelesta man pet feoh, svva ic gewissod haebbe. And ic wille pet man sella pet land et Fersafeld, swa man derast maege, and recna a MS. minre fat sylre. WILLS. 127 man iuncere Brun an marc gol, and mid ]>an lane scytta man mfne borgas. And ic gean iElfwine minan preoste et Walsingaham xxx. akera et Eggemaere, and Uni prouast habba pone ofaraestan. And ic gean iEdwine muneke pa mylne et Gaeysaete, pe Ringware ahte. And ic gean JE\- frig preoste pet land et Rygedune, pe ic bohte to Leof- wenne. And ic gean past myln pe Wulnoft ahte into See Eadmunde. And ic gean Sibriht pet land pe ic gebohte on Mulantune. And ic gean pet fen pe purlac me sealde into iElmham, pa preostas to foddan. And ic gean into Hoxne pa preostas an pusend-werS fen. And ic gean pet fen pe iElfric me sealde into Holme. And ic gean pon hage binnon NoriSwic, for minre saule, and for ealra pe hit me geuSon, into See Eadmunde. And ic gean pan hage into See Paetre binnon Lunden. And ic gean iungreBrun pet healfe pusend fen. II. f Ic Lufa, mid Godes gifa, Ancilla DI, wes soecende and smeagende, ymb mine saul-pearfe, mid Ceolno'Ses aerce- biscopes geoeahte, and (Sara hioua et Cristes cirican : Willa ic gesellan of (5em asrfe 'Se me God forgef, and mine friond to gefultemedan, aelce gere, lx. ambra maltes, andcL. hlafa, l. hwite hlafa, 8. an hrifter, an suin, nil. we^ras, n. waega spices and ceses, (5em higuni to Cristes circean, for mine saule, and minra frionda and mega, Se me to Gode geful- temedan ; and pet sie simle to Adsumsio Scae Marie, ymb xn. monao" end : sue eihwelc mon swe pis lond hebbe, minra aerbenumena, Sis agefe, and mittan fulne huniges x. ...oes, xx. hen-fuglas. -j- Ic CeolnoS, mid Godes gefe, Ercebisc, mid Cristes rode- tacne cSis festne and write n cxx. elmes hlafes. Beagmund pf . geSafie and midwrite. 128 MARK, Chap. I. BeornfriS pf. geSafie and midwrite. Wealhhere pf. SwiSberht dice. Osmund pf. Beornheah diac. Deimund pf. ./ESelmund diac. ./ESelwald diac. Wighelm diac. Werbald diac. Lubo. Sifred d ice. f Ic Luba, eaSmod Godes Siwen, Sas fore-cwedenan god and Sas elmessan gesette and gefestnie ob minem erfelande et Mundlingham Sem hiiue to Cristes cirican ; and ic bidde, and an Godes libgendes naman bebiade, Saem men Se Sis land and Sis erbe hebbe et Mundlingham, Set he Sas god forSleste oS wiaralde ende. Se man se Sis healdan wille, and lestan Set ic beboden hebbe an Sisem gewtite, se him geseald and gehealden sia hiabenlice bledsung ; se his fer- werne oSSe hit agele, se him seald and gehealden helle-wite, bute he to fulre bote gecerran wille, Gode and marmum. Uene ualete. FROM THE GOSPELS. MARK, Chafter I. In the Northumbrian Dialect from the Durham MS.* Godspelles fruma, Haelendes Crist, Godes Suna, suae awritten is in Esaia Sone witgo, Heonu ic asende mfn engel befora onsione Sin, seSe foregearwas weg Sfh. 3 Cliopendes stefn in Sam woesten, Gearuas Drihtnes woeg; 4 doeS [wyrcas] rehta his stigo [geongas]. Iohannes * In the Northumbrian Gloss, the words between brackets are va- rious renderings of the Latin ; those in italics are wanting in the Gloss, but are here supplied, in order to complete the sense. MARK, Chap. I. 129 waes in woesten ; tmrf gefulwade and bodade hreownisses fuhviht, on synna forgefnisse. And to him foerde all t- Iudaea lond, and alio fia Hierusolomisco-waras, and weo- ron from him gefuhvad in Iordanes stream, hiora synno ondetende. And Iohannes waes gegerelad miS camelles e herum, and fellera gyrdils was ymb his sfdo, and lo- pestro and wudu-hnnig he waes brucende [he gebrec]; and//e bodade, cuoeoende, Strongre cymes [cuom] aefter 7 mec. his [Saes] nam ic wyrSe fore-hlutende undoa his scoe-Suongas. Ic fulwade iwih mi<5 waetre, he uutodlice s iwih gefuhvas mift Halig Cast. And hyt wans aworden <» in Saem dagum ftcet se Haelend cuom from Nazareth ftaer byrig, and waes gefuhvad in lordanem from Iohanne. And sona of tarn waetre he astag, and gesaeh untynde 10 heofnas, and Gaast swelce eulfre ofstigende and on him wunigende: and stefn waes of heofnum geworden, Du u arS mm leof Sunu, on Sec ic wel h'cade. Arid sona 6e 12 gitst hine on woesten draf. And feoertig daga and 13 feoertig naehta he waes from 633m wifterwearde acunnad, and he mi<5 wild-deorum waes, and him englas geherdon. Efter Son [Sa] Iohannes gesald waes, cuom se Haelend in 14 Galilea, and Codes rfces godspell bodade, and cuoeoende, 15 Forfton tfd is gefylled, and Codes rfe to-geneolecde ; hreowiges, and gelefes to ficem godspell. And faerende 10 aet Galilaes sae^ he gesaeh Sone Simon, and Andreas his broSor, hiora hnetta in Sa s3e sendende ; forSon hia we- ron fisceras. And him cuoeS se Haelend, Cyma<5 aefter it mec, and ic gedo iuih ]>aet ge sie monna fisceras. And is hi hreconlicc, forletnum nettum, weron him fylgendo. And Sona he lytel huon foerde, and gesaeh Iacob Zebe- 19 dies sunu, and Sone lohannem his broker; and <5a ilco [hia] in hiora scip gesetton oa netto. And he hia sona 20 geceigde, and miS Sy hia hiora feeder Zebedeum for- leorton nii'5 Saem celmert-monnum, a/td hine [him] fyl- ISO MARK, Chap. I. 21 gedon, and in-foerdon Capharnaum Sa burug, and sona •22 to somnung ineode [foerde] and laarde hia. And hia swigdon [styldon] ofer his lar; forSon lie waas hia laa- 23 rende swaslce he maaht haafde, and ne suae uSuta. And in hiora somnung wses sum monn in unclaane gast, and 24 he of-cliopade, CuoeSende, Huaat us and Se, Su Haalend SeNazare? Cwome Su losige [to losane] usig ? Ic 26 wat Saat Su arS Godes Haligu. And bebead hine se Haa- 2G lend cwoeSende, SuigaSu, and gaa of Saam menn. And se unclaenae gast hine bidtende, and micla [miS micle] ii stefne of-clioppende, from him of-eode. And alle wun- drande weron, Sus Saatte hia gefregndon betuih him cuoeSende, Huaat is 5is ? Huaalc is Sius niue lar, forSon [Saatte] he in maaht unclaanum gastum hatas, and hia 28 eSmodigaS him ? And hraSe foerde [gesprang] his 29 mersung [merSa] in all Galilea lond. And recone of somnunge hia foerdon, and cuomon in Symones and An- 30 dreaa hus, miS Iacob and Iohanne. Da waas Symones swer gelegen febriende, and hia him sona of Saar cuedon. 31 And geneolecde, and 8a ilea ahof, and iniS Sy hire hond gegrippen waes, reconlice forleort hia hal from februm ; 32 and hio geembehtade him. Uutedlice Sa efern gewarS, miS Sy sunna to sett eade, hia geferedon [gebrohton] 33 to him alle yfel haabbende and diowbla haabbende. And alle Sa burgwaras waaron gesomnad to Saare duru [to 34 gaet]. And he lecnade [gemde] monigo 8a 8e missen- licum adlum geswoenced woeron; and menigo dioblas he ut-fordraf; and hia ne lefde to sprecanne, for8on hia 35 hine wiston. And suiSe on aering aras, and foerde Sona, and eode on woestigum stouo [styd] and 8er gebaed. 36 And him wyes fylgend Simon, and 8a Se miS hine woeron. 37 And miS Sy hia hine onfundon hia cuedon him, ForSon :« alle Sec soecaS. And he cuoeS to him, Gaa we [wutum geonga] in Sa neesto lond, and Sa ceastre, paat ec Ser ic THE BATTLE OF MALDON. 131 bodige, forSon to Sis ic cwom. And he waes bodande 3aet se eorl nolde hors forlaetan, yrmSo gepolian : feor afysan, he let him J>a of handon and forSgangan, leofre fleogan, hicgan to handum, hafoc wiS pass holtes, and * * * hige godum. and to ]>aere hilde stop ; * * * ]>aet Offan maeg be pam man mihte oncnawan 132 THE BATTLE OF MALDON. paet se cniht nolde wacian set pam wige, pa he to waepnum feng. Eac hira wolde Eadric his ealdre gelaestan frean to gefeohte ; ongan pa forSberan gar to gupe : he haefde God gepanc, pa hwile he mid handum healdan mihte bord and brad swurd ; beot he gelaeste, pa he aatforan his frean feohtan sceolde. Da pasr Byrhtno<5 ongan beornas trymian, rad and raedde, rincum taehte hu hi sceoldon standan, and pone stede healdan, and baed paet hyra randan rihte heoldon faeste mid folmum, and ne forhtedon na. pa he haefde paet folc faegre getrymmed, he lihte pa mid leodon, paer him leofost waes, paer he his heorS-werod holdost wiste. pa stod on staeSe, stiftlice clypode, wicinga ar, wordum maelde, se on beot abead brim-lipendra aerende to pam eorle, paer he on ofre stod : Me sendon to fte saemen snelle ; heton Se secgan, paet pu most sendan raoe beagas wiS gebeorge ; and eow betere is paet ge pisne gar-raes mid gafole forgyldon, ponne we swa hearde hilde daelon. Ne purfe we us spillan : gif ge spedaft to pam, we willaS wiS pam golde griS faestnian. Gyf pu paet geraedest, pe her rfcost eart, paet pu pfne leoda lysan wille, syllan saVmannum, on hyra sylfra ddm, feoh wio' freode, and nfman friS aet us, we willao" mid pam sceattuin us to scype gangan, on flot feran, and eow fripes healdan. Byrhtno(5 mapelode, bord hafenode, wand wacne aesc, THE BATTLE OF MALDON. 133 wordum maelde, yrre and anraed, ageaf him andsware : Gehyrst ]>u, sae-lida, hwset )>is folc segeo", hi wilJatS eow to gafole garas syllan, aettrynne ord, and ealde svvurd, pa heregeatu pe eow set hilde ne deah. Brim-manna bdda, abeod eft ongean, sege pin urn leodum miccle lapre spell, paet her stynt unforcuo* eorl mid his werode, pe wile gealgian epel pysne, -Epelraedes eard, ealdres mfnes, folc and foldan : f'eallan sceolon haepene aet hilde. To heanlic me pin ceo" paet ge mid urum sceattum to scype gangon unbefohtene; nu ge pus feor hider on urne earde in-becomon, ne sceole ge swa softe sine gegangan ; us sceal ord and ecg ser geseman, grim gutS-plega, aer we gofol syllon. Het pa bord beran, beornas gangan, paet hi on pam ea-steSe ealle stodon. Ne mihte peer for waetere werod to pain o8rum, peer com flowende Add aefter ebban, lucon lagu-streamas ; to lang hit him puhte, hwaenne hi togaulere garas beron. Hi paer Pantan stream mid prasse bestodon, East-Seaxena ord, and se assc-here ; ne mihte hyra aenig oprum derian, buton hwa purh flanes flyht fyl gename. Se Add ut gewat ; pa fldtan stodon gearowe, wicinga fela, wiges georne. Het pa haelepa hleo healdan pa bricge wigan wigheardne, se waes haten Wulfstan, cafne mid his cynne, paet waes Ceolan sunu, pe pone forman man 134 THE BATTLE OF MALDON. mid his francan ofsceat, pe poer baldlicost on pa bricge stop. pair stodon mid Wulfstane wigan unforhte, .rElfere and Maccus, modige twegen ; pa noldon a?t pam forde fleam gewyrcan, ac hi faestlice wiS pa fynd weredon, pe hwfle pe hi waepna wealdan moston. pa hi paet ongeaton, and georne gesawon, paet hi paer bricg-weardas bitere fundon ; ongunnon lytegian pa laSe gystas ; baedon paet hi lip-gangan agan moston, ofer pone ford faran, fepan laedan. Da se eorl ongan, for his ofermode, alyfan landes to fela lapere Seode. Ongean ceallian pa, ofer cald waster, Byrhthelmee beam, beornas gehlyston : Nu eow is gerymed, ga5 ricene to us, guman to gupe ; God ana wat, hvva paere wael-stowe wealdan mote. Wodon pa wael-wulfas, for waetere ne murnon, wicinga werod, west ofer Pantan, ofer scfr waater scyldas wegon, lidmen to lande linde baeron. paer ongean gramum gearowe stodon Byrhtnoo" mid beornum; he mid bordum het wyrcan pone wi-hagan, and paet werod healdan feste wi6 feondum. pa waes fohte neh tir aet getohte ; waes seo tfd curaen paet paer faege men feallan sceoldon. pa wearS hream ahafen, hremmas wundon, earn aeses georn, waes on eorpan cyrm. Hi leton pa of folman feol-hearde speru, gegrundene garas fleogan, bogan waeron bysige, bord ord onfeng, biter waes se beadu-raes, THE BATTLE OF MALDON. 135 beornas feollon, on gehwaeoere hand hyssas lagon ; wund wearo" Wulfmaer, wael-reste geceas, Byrhtnooes maeg, lie mid billum wearS, his swuster sunn, swifie forheawen ; paer vvearS wicingum wiperlean agifen : gehyrde ic <5aet Eadweard aiine sloge swipe mid his swurde, swenges ne wyrnde, paet him set fotum feoll faage cempa ; pass him his peoden ])anc gesaade, pam bvrpene a , pa b he byre haefde. Swa stemnetton stifi-hugende hysas aet hilde, hogodon georne h\v;i Jjser mid orde £erost milite on faegean men feorh gewinnan, wigan mid waepnum : wael feol on eoroan ; stodon staede faeste, stihte hi ByrhtnoS, a bur- bene ? baed J>eet hyssa gehwylc hogode to wige, pe on Denum wolde ddm gefeohtan. Wdd }>a vviges heard, waepen np-ahof, bord to gebeorge, and win' pass beornes stop ; code swa anraed eorl to pam ceorle, aeg]>er hyra ooVum yHes hogode. Sende )>a se see-rinc superne gar, pa gewundod \vear8 wigena hlaford ; he sceaf pa mid pam scylde, paet se sceaft tobaerst, and pact spere sprengde, paet hit sprang ongean ; gegremod wearS se gufi-rinc, he mid gare stang wlancne wicing, pe him pa wunde t'orgeai. Frod waes se fyrd-rinc, he let his francan wadan purh paes hysses hals ; hand wisode paet he on pam faer-sceaoan feorh geraehte ; (5a he operne ofstlice sceat, paet seo byrne tobaarst, b >aet? 136 THE BATTLE OF MALDON. he waes on breostum wund Jmrh j?a hring-locan ; him ast heortan stod aetterne ord. Se eorl waes ]>e blij»ra, hloh J>a modi man, saede Metode }>anc fiaas daeg-weorces, ]>e him Drihten forgeaf. Forlet j>a drenga sum daroS of handa, fleogan of folman, J)33t se to for5-gewat purh pone aepelan JE]>e\rasdes pegen. Him be healfe stod hyse unweaxen, cniht on gecampe, se full caflice braad of Ssem beorne blodigne gar, Wulfstanes beam, Wulfmaer se geonga ; forlet for-heardne faran eft ongean ; ord in-gewod, fset se on eorpan laeg, }>e his ]?eoden 8ar pearle gerashte. Eode pa, gesyrwed secg to pain eorle, he wolde paes beornes beagas gefecgan, reaf and hringas, and gerenod swurd. Da Byrhtnoo" braed bill of scefte, brad and brun-ecg, and on J>a byrnan sloh : ra]>e hine gelette lidmanna sum, pa he paes eorles earm amyrde ; feoll pa to foldan fealo-hilte swurd, ne mihte he gehealdan heardne mece, waepnes wealdan. pa-gyt paet word gecwaeS liar Iiilde-rinc, hyssas bylde baad gangan for$, gode geferan : ne mihte pa on lotum leng faeste gestandan ; he to heofenum wlat : Gepance pe Seoda Waldend, ealra paara wynna pe ic on worulde gebad : nu ic ah, milde Meotod, masste pearfe, paet )>u minum gaste godes geunne, paet mm sawul to pe simian mote, on pfn geweald, peoden engla, mid friSe ferian ; THE BATTLE OF MALDON. 137 ic eom fry nidi to pe, ptet hi hel-sceapan hynan ne moton. Da hine heowon haeoene scealcas, and begen fa beornas pe him bigstodon, .Llfnofi and Wulmaer begen lagon $a on-emn hyra frean, feorh gesealdon. Hi bugon pa frara bead awe pe paer beon noldon ; paer wardon Oddan beam Merest on fleame, Godric frara gupe, and pone god an forlet, pe hira masnigne oft mear gesealde ; he gehleop pone eoh, pe ahte his hlaford, on pam geraedum pe hit riht ne waes, and his brooru mid him, begen aerdon, Godrinc and God rig, gupe ne gymdon, ac wendon fram pam wige, and pone wudu sohton, flugon on paet faesten, and hyra feore burgon, and manna ma ponne hit aenig maeS waere, gyf hi pa gearnunga ealle gemundon, pe he hira to dugape gedon haefde ; swa him Offa on daeg £r asaede, on pam mepel-stede, pa he gemot hasfde, paat paer modlice manega spraecon, pe eft set paere [hilde] polian noldon. Da wearS afeallen paes folces ealdor, iEpelrasdes eorl ; ealle gesawon heorS-geneatas past hyra heorra laeg. pa <5aer wendon for5 wlance pegenas, unearge men, efston geome, hi woldon pa ealle oSer twega, Iff forlsetan, oSSe leofne gewreean : swa hi bylde forS beam yElfrices, wiga wintrum geong, wordum niaelde : Olivine, pa cwaeo" he, on ellen-spraec gerauna pa maela pe we oft aet meodo spraecon, ponne we on bence 138 THE BATTLE OF MALDON. beot ahofon, haeleS on healle, ymbe heard gevvinn ; mi maag cunnian hwa ce^ne sy ; ic wylle mine aepelo eallum gecypan, ]>aet ic waes on Myrcon miccles cynnes, waes mm ealda faeder Ealhelm haten, wfs ealdorman, woruld-gesaelig. Ne sceolon me on ]>aere ]>eode pegenas aetwftan, ]>aet ic of pisse fyrde feran wille, eard gesecan, nu mfn ealdor ligeS forheawen aet hilde, me is paet hearma maest ; he waes aegoer nun maeg and mfn hlaford. Da he forS-eode, faehfte gemunde, paet he mid orde anne geraehte flotan on ]>am folce, ]>aet se on foldan laeg forwegen mid his waepne. Origan ]>a wfnas manian, frynd and geferan, pact hi forcS-eodon. Offa gemaelde, aesc-holt asceoc : Hwaet ]>u, yElfwine, hafast ealle gemiinode, pegenas to }>earfe : nu ure }>eoden li<5, eorl on eoroan, us is eallum pearf, paet ure aeghwylc operne bylde wigan to wige, pa hwile pe he waepen maege habban and healdan, heardne mece, gar and god swurd. Us Godric haefS, earh Oddan beam, ealle beswicene : wende paes for-moni man, pa he on meare rad, on wlancan pam wicge, paet waere hit ure hlaford ; forpan wearS her on felda folc totwaemed, scyld-burh tobrocen. AbreoSe his angin, paet he her swa manigne man aflymde. Leofsunu gemaelde, and his linde ahof, bord to gebeorge, he pam beorne oncwaeS : Ic paet gehate, paet ic heonon nelle fleon fdtes trym, THE BATTLE OF MALDON. 139 ac willc furSor gan, wrecan on gewinne ninine wine-drihten. Ne ]>urfon me embe Sturmere stede faeste haeleS worduni actwftan, im mfn wuie gecranc, t»a?t ic hlafordleas ham si<5ie, wende fram wige ; ac me sceal waepen niman, ord and fren. He ful yrre wdd, feaht feestlice, fleam he forhdgode. Dunnere ]>a cwaeS, daro'5 acwehte, unorne ceorl, ofer eall clypode, baed ]>a2t beorna gehwylc ByrhtnoS wraece : Ne maeg na wandian se ]>e wrecan )>enceo" frean on folce, ne for feore murnan. pa hi forft-eodon, feores hi ne ronton. Ongunnon ]>a hired-men heardlice feohtan, grame gar-berend, and God baedon paet hi moston gewrecan hyra wyne-drihten, and on hyra feondum fyl gewyrcan. Him se gysel ongan geornlice fylstan ; He waes on NorS-hymbron heardes cynnes, Ecglafes beam, him waes i^scferS nama ; he ne wandode na aet ]>am wig-plegan, ac he fysde forS flan genehe ; hwflon he on bord sceat, hwflon beorn taesde ; aefre embe stunde he sealde sume wunde, ]?a hwfle Se he waepna wealdan moste. Da-gyt on orde stod Eadweard se langa, gearo and geornful ; gylp-wordum spraec, J)aet he nolde fleogan fdt-mael landes, ofer-baec bugan, ]>a his betera leg : he braec pone bord-weall, and wiS }>a beornas feaht, octyaet he his sinc-gyfan on ]>am saamannum wurSlice wrec, asr he on waele laege. Swa dyde /Eyerie, ae])ele gefera, fits and forSgeom, 140 THE BATTLE OF MALDOX. i'eaht eornoste, Sibyrhtes broSor, and swiSe maenig oper, clufon cellod bord, cehe hi weredon, baerst bordes lserig, and seo byrne sang gryre leoSe sum. pa aet guSe sloh OfFa pone sai-lidan, paet he on eorpan feoll, and paer Gaddes maag grund gesohte ; raSe wearS aat hilde OfFa forheawen ; he haefde peah geforpod J>aet he his frean gehet, swa he beotode aar wiS his beah-gifan, paet hi sceoldon begen on burh rfdan, hale to hame, oSSe on here crincgan, on wael-stowe wundum sweltan. He laeg Segenlice Seodne gehende. Da wearS borda gebraec; brim-men wodon, guSe gegremode, gar oft purh-wod fagges feorh-hus. ForS 6a eode Wistan, purstanes sunu, wi5 pas secgas feaht ; he webs on geprang hyra preora buna, ctr him Wigelines beam on para waele laege. paer waes stiS gemot ; stodon faeste vigan on gewinne, wigend cruncon, wundum werige; wael feol on eorpan. Oswold and Ealdwold, ealle hwile, begen gebropru, beornas trymedon, hyra wine-magas wordon baedon, paet he paer aet Searfe polian sceoldon, unwaclice waepna neotan. Byrhtwold mapelode, bord hafenode, se waes eald geneat, aesc aewehte, he ful baldlice beornas laerde : Hige sceal pe heardra, heorte pe cenre, mod sceal pe mare, pe ure maegen lytlafi : her liS ure ealdor ealle forheawen, god on greote ; JUDITH. 141 a maeg gnornian, se 8e nu fram pis wig-plegan wendan penceS. Ic eom frod feores, fram ic ne wille, ac ic me be healfe nunum hlaforde, be swa leofan men, began pence. Swa hi iEpelgares beam ealle bylde, Godric to gupe, oft he gar forlet, wael-spere windan, on J>a wicingas : swa he on pain folce fyrmest eode, heow and hynde, oSpaet he on hilde gecranc. Naes paet na se Godric pe 8a gu8e forbeah, JUDITH. A FRAGMENT. * * * tweode gifena, in 8ys ginnan grunde ; heo paer pa gearwe funde mund-byrd set pam maeran peodne, pa heo ahte masste pearfe hyldo paes hehstan Deman, paet he hie wiS paes hehstan brogan gefriSode, frymSa Waldend ; hyre paes Faeder on roderum torhtmod ti8e gef'remede, pe heo ahte trumne geleafan a to paem ^linihtigan. Gefraegen ic pa Holofernus wfn hatan wyrcean georne, and eallum wundrum prymlic ginvan up swoesendo ; to 8am het se gumena baldor ealle pa yldestan 8egnas, hie 8aet ofstum micluni raefndon rond-wiggende ; comon to 8am rfcan peodne, feran folces raeswan. paet waes py feorpan dogore paes pe Iudifi hyne, gleaw on geponce, ides aelf-scfnu, arrest gesohte. 142 JUDITH. X. Hie Sa to Sam symle sittan eodon, wlance to wih-gedriiice, ealle his wea-gesioas, bealde byrn-wiggende. peer wseron bollan steape boren sefter bencum gelome, swylce eac bunan and orcas tulle flet-sittendum : hie ]>set fsege pegon, rule rond-wiggende, }>eah Sees se ri'ca ne vvende, egesful eorla dryhten. Da wearS Holofernus, gold-wine gumena, on gyste-salum a ; hloh and hlydde, hlynede and dynede, paet mihten fira beam feorran gehyran, hu se stio'mdda styrinde and gylede ; modig and inedu-gal manode geneahhe benc-sittende, }>aet hi gebeerdon wel. Swa se inwidda ofer ealne daeg, dryht-guraan sine drencte mid wine, swiSmod sinces brytta, oSpaet hie on swiman lagon, ofer-drencte his dugufie ealle, swylce hie waeron deafte ge- slegene, agotene goda gehwylces. Swa het se gumena aldor fylgan flet-sittendum, oS]>aet fira bearnum nealsehte niht seo pystre. Het Sa niSa geblonden ]>& eadigan maegS, ofstum fetigan to his bed-reste, beagum gehlsaste, hringum gehrodene. Hie hraSe fremedon anbyht-scealcas, swa him heora ealdor be- bead, byrn-wigena brego : bearhtme stopon to ]mm gyst-erne, peer hi Iudithfie fundon ferhS-gleawe, and pa fromlice lind-wiggende lsedan ongunnon pa torhtan maego* to treefe pam hean, peer se rfca hyne reste on symbel nihtes inne, Nergende laS, Holofernus. MS. gyte salum. JUDITH. 14-3 Deer waes eall gylden fieoh-net faeger, and ymbe paes folc-togan bed ahongen, paet se bealof'ulla mihte wlitan 5urh, wigena baldor, on aaghwylcne, pe Saer-inne com, haeleoa bearna, and on hyne naanig nionna cynnes, nymSe se modiga hwaene niSe-rof'ra bim pe near bet, rinca to rune gegangan. Hie Sa on reste gebrohton snude pa snoteran idese ; eodon Sa sterced-ferhSe hae- leS, heora hearran cySan, paet waes seo halige meowle gebroht on his bur-getelde. Da wearS se brema on mode biiSe, burga ealdor, polite 6a beorhtan idese mid widle and mid vvomme besmitan ; ne wolde paet vvuldres Dema ge'Safian, Sry mines Hyrde, ac he him paes Singes ge- styrde, Dryhten, dugeSa Waldend. Gewat Sa se deofulcunda, galferhft gumena Create, bealofull his beddes neosan, paer he sceolde his blaed f'or- leosan, aedre binnan anre nihte, haefde pa his ende gebidenne, on eorSan unswaeslicne, swylcne he der aef'ter worhte, pearlmod Seoden gumena, J>enden he on o'ysse worulde wunode under wolcna hrdfe. Gefeol }»a wine swa druncen se rfca on his reste middan, swa he nyste raeda nitnne on gewit-locan : wiggend stopon lit of Sam inne ofstum miclum, weras wfn-sade, ]>e Sone waerlogan, laSne leod-hatan, laaddon to bedde, nehstan siSe. pa waes Nergendes peowen Jrcymful, pearle gemyndig hu heo pone atolan eaSost mihte ealdre bcnaeman, aer se unsyfra womfull onwoce. Genam Sa wunden-locc, Scyppendes maegS, scearpne mece, 144 JUDITH. scurum heardne, and of sceaSe abraed swiSran folme : origan Sa swegles Weard, be naman neranan, Nergend ealra woruld-buendra, and ]>a:t word acwaeS : Ic (5e, frymSa God, and frofre Gaest, Beam Alwaldan, biddan wille miltse J>fnre me pearfendre, Drynesse Drym ; j>earle ys me nnSa, heorte a onhaeted, and liige geomor swySe mid sorgum gedrefed ; forgif me, swegles Ealdor, aedre mid elne onbrvrde, swa he deft anra gehwylcne her buendra ]?e hyne him to helpe seceft mid rcede and mid rihte ge- leai'an. pa wearS hyre rume on mode, haligre hyht geniwod ; genam }?a ]?one haeftenan mannan faeste be feaxe siiiuro, teah hyne folmum, wi<5 hyre weard bysmerlice, and pone bealofullan listum alede, IaSne mannan, swa heo Saes unlaedan eaSost mihte wel gewealdan. Sloh 6a wunden-locc sigor and sdSne geleat'an, )>aet ic mid )>ys sweorde mote jxrne feond-scea'San geheawan pysne mordres fagum mece, bryttan ; geunne me mfnra gesynta pearlmod peoden gumena nahte ic ]>ihre naefre miltse ]> on maran pearfe : gewrec nu, mihtig Dryhten, naes 8a dead ]>a gyt, torhtmod tires Brytta, ealles orsawle ; ]>aet me ys ]>us torne on mode, sloh 8a eomoste hate on hreftre mihum. ides ellen-rdf, Hi J>a se hehsta Duma o)>re siSe, * In MS. ys is repeated after dearie. hete poncolne, ]>aet heo healfne forcearf pone sweoran him, J>aet he on swiman laeg, druncen and dolh-wund : JUDITH. 14-5 pone hae6enan hund, paet him past heafod wand for6 on 6a flore. Laeg se fula leap, gesne beaeftan, gaest ellor hwearf, under neowelnaes, and J>aer genySerad waes, susle gesaeled, sy66an aefre, wyrmum bewunden, wftuni gebunden, hearde gehaefted, in helle bryne, aefter hin-si6e ; ne 6earf he hopian no, pystrum forSylmed, paet he 6onan mote, of 6am wyrm-sele, ac 6aer wunian sceal, awa to aldre, butan ende forS, in 6am heolstran ham, hyht-wynna leas. XI. Haefde 6a gefohten, fore-maerne blaed, Iudith aet gu6e, swa hyre God u6e, swegles Ealdor, pe hyre sigores onleah. pa seo snotere maeg6 snude gebrohte paes herewas6an heafod swa blodig, on 6am faetelse, pe hyre foregenga, blac-hleor ides, hyra begea nest peawum ge6ungen, pyder onlaedde, and hit 6a swa heolfrig hyre on hond ageaf, hige 6oncolre, ham to berenne, Iudith gingran sfnre. Eodon 6a gegnum panonne pa idesa ba, ellen-priste, o6past hie becomon, collen-ferh6e, ead-hre6ige maeg6, ut of 6am herige, paet hie sweotollice geseon mihton paere wlitegan byrig weallas blican, Bethuliam. Hie 6a beah-hrodene feSe-laste for6 onettan, 06 hie glaed-mode gegan hosfdon to 6am weal-gate. Wiggend saefon, weras waeccende H 146 JUDITH. wearde heoldon 3 in 5am faestenne, svva Sam tolce £er geomor-modum Iudithe bebead, searo-Soncol maegS, pa heo on sic5 gewat, ides ellen-rof. Waes Sa eft cumen leof to leodum, and Sa lungre het gleaw-hydig wff, gumena sumne, of Saere ginnan byrig, hyre togeanes gan, and hi ofostlice in-forlaetan b Surh Saes wealles geat, and paet word acwaeS to Sam sige-folce : Ic eow secgan maeg poncwyrSe ping, poet ge ne pyrfen leng murnan on mode : eow ys Metod bliSe, cyninga Wuldor, paet gecySed wearS, geond woruld wfde, past eow ys wuldor-blaed torhtlic toweard, and tir-gifeSe Sara laeSSa Se ge lange drugon. • MS. heo ildon. pa wurdon bliSe burh-sittende, sySSan hi gehyrdon hu seo halige spraec ofer heanne weall. Here waes on lustum ; wiS paes faesten-geates folc onette, weras wff somod, wornum and heapum, Sreatum and Srymmum, prungon and urnon ongean pa peodnes maegS pusendmaelum, ealde ge geonge ; aeghwylcum wearS men on Saare medo-byrig mod areted, sySSan hie ongeaton past waes Iudith cumen eft to eSle, and Sa ofostlice hie mid eaSmedum in-forleton. pa seo gleawe het, golde gefraetewod, hyre Sinenne, pan col-mode, paes here-waeSan heafod onwriSan, and hyt to behSe blodig aetywan pam burh-Ieodum, b MS. forketon. JUDITH. 11-7 hu hyre aet beaduwe gespeow Spraec fia seo aeSele to ealluni )>am f'olce : Her ge magon sweotole, sige-rofe haeleS, leoda raeswan, on o"aes hTSestan haeSenes hea<5o-rinces heafod starian a , Holof'ernus unlyfigendes, ]>e us monna maest morSra gefremede, sarra sorga, and swyffor gyt yean wolde, ac him ne u8e God lengran hTes, ]>aet he mid laeSSum us eglan moste. Ic him ealdor oSj>rong }mrh Godes fultum. Nu ic gumena gehwaene pyssa burg-leoda biddan wylle, rand-vviggendra, paet ge recene eow fysan to gefeohte ; syftoan frymoa God, aerfaest Cyning, eastan sende leohtne leoman, beraS linde for$, a MS. staria^S. bord for breostum, and byrn-homas, scire helmas, in sceaSena gemong, iyllan folc-togan fagum sweordum, faege frumgaras : fynd syndon eowere gedemed to deaoe, and ge dom agon, tir aat tohtan, swa eow getacnod hafafi mihtig Dryhten Jrarh mfne hand. pa wearS snelra werod snude gegeai-ewod, cenra to campe ; stopon cyne-rofe, secgas and gesiSas, bseron ]mfas, foron to gefeohte foro" on gerihte hsele<5 under helmum, of }>aere haligran byrig, on Jjaat daegred sylf : dynedan scildas, hlucle hlummon. paes se hlanca gefeah wulf in walde, and se wanna hrefn, wael-gifre fugel, westan b begen, }>a±t him 6a ]>eod-guman b westene ? h2 148 JUDITH. pohton tilian f'ylle on faegum ; ac him fleah on laste earn aetes georn, urig fe<5era ; salowig pada sang hilde leoS, hyrned-nebba. Stopon heaSo-rincas, beornas to beadowe, bordum boSeahte, hwealfum lindum, \>a <5e hwfle aar elfteodigra edvvit J>oledon, haeSenra hosp. Him ]>aet hearde wear5, set Sara aesc-plegan, eallum forgolden, Assyrium, sySSan Ebreas, under guS-fanum, gegan haefdon to Sam fyrd-wicum. Hie Sa fromlice leton for5 fleogan flana scuras, hilde naedran, of horn-bogan, straelas stede-hearde, styrmdon hlude, grame guS-frecan, garas sendon in heard ra gemang. haele<5 waeron yrre, land-buende, laSum cynne, stopon styrn-mode, sterced-ferhSe, wrehton unsofte eald geniSlan, medo-werige, mundum brugdon scealcas of sceaSum scfr rnaeled swyrd, ecgum gecoste, slogon eornoste Assiria oret-maecgas, niti hycgende, nanne ne sparedon ]>aes here-folces, heanne ne rfce, cwicera manna, \>e hie ofercuman mihton. XII. Swa 8a mago-Jegnas, on Sa morgen-tfd, ehton elSeoda ealle J>rage, o8j>aet ongeaton Sa <5e grame waeron, Saes here-folces heafod-weardas, patt him swyrd-geswing swrSlic eowdon weras Ebrisce ; JUDITH. 149 hie word urn J>aet pain yldestan ealdor-]>egnum cySan eodon, wrehton cumbol-wigan, and him forhtlice fair spel bodedon, medo-werigum, morgen collan, atolne ecg-plegan. pa ic aedre getraegn slege-faege haeleS slaepe tobredon, and wiS ]>aes bealofullan bur-geteldes weras ferhSe hwearfum fringan, Holofernus ; hogedon aninga hyra hlaforde hyldo bodian, gerfton Se him se egesa on-ufan ssete msegen Ebrea. Mynton ealle past se beorna brego, and seo beorhte maegS, in $am wlitegan traefe waeron aetsomne, Iudith seo aeSele, and se galmoda, egesfull and afor : naes o"eah eorla nan, J>e Sone wiggend aweccan dorste, oS(5e gecunnian hu (5one cumbol-wigan wiS tSa halgan maegfi haefde geworden, Metodes meovvlan. Maegen nealaehte, f'olc Ebrea, fuhton pearle, heardum heoru-waepnum, haefte guidon hyra fyrn geflitu, fagum svvyrdum ealle afSoncan 3 . Assyria wearo", on 6am daege-weorce, dom geswiSrod, bade forbiged. Beornas stodon ymbe hyra peodnes traef, J>earle gebylde, sweorcend-ferhSe ; hi Sa somod ealle ongunnon cohhetan, cirman hlude, and gristbitian, gode orfeorme, mid tofton torn poligende. pa waes hyra tires aet ende. eades and ellen-daeda ; hogedon 6a eorlas aweccan hire wihe-dryhten ; af'Soncas ? 150 JUDITH. him wiht ne speow. pa wear 5 sift and late sum to (Sam arod, para beado-rinca, pact he in pset bur-geteld niSheard neftde, swa hyne nyd fordraf : funde Sa on bedde blacne licgan his gold-gifan, gaestes gesne, lff'es belidenne. He j>a lungre gefeoll, freorig to foldan 3 , ongan his feax teran, hreoh on mode, and his hraagl somod, and ]>aet word acwseS to Sam wiggendum, pe <5a?r unrote iite wseron : Her ys geswutelod ure sylfra forwyrd, toweard getacnod, pset ]>aare tfde ys mid niSum neah geSrungen, Se we sculon losian somod, aet saecce forweorSan ; her lfS sweorde geheawen, beheafdod healdend ure. Hi 8a hreowig-mode wurpon hyra waepen ofdune, ]>earle gelyste a MS. feoldan. gewitan him werig-ferhSe on fleam sceacan; him mon feaht on last, masgen-eacen folc, oS se maesta dael Sees heriges laeg hilde gesaeged, on Sam sige-wonge, sweordum geheawen, wulfum to willan, and eac waal-gifVum fuglum to frofre ; flugon Sa Se lyfdon laSra lind ; him on laste for svveot Ebrea, sigore geweorSod, dome gedyrsod : him feng Dryhten God faegre on fultum, Frea iElmihtig. Hi Sa fromlice, fagum swyrdum, haeleS hige-rofe, her-paS worhton, Surh laSra gemong, linde heowon, scild-burh scaeron, sceotend waeran, guSe gegremede, guman Ebreisce, pegnas on Sa tfd JUDITH. 151 gar-gewinnes. paer on greot gefeoll se hyhsta dael heafod-gerfmes, Assyria ealdor-duguSe, lao'an cynnes, lytlivvon becom cwicera to cyfifie ; cirdon cyne-rofe, wiggend on wiSertrod, wael-scel on innan, reocende hraevv. Rum waes to nimanne lond-buendum on Sara laSestan hyra eald-feondum unlyfigendum heolfrig here-reaf, hyrsta scyne bord, and brad swyrd, briine helmas, dyre inadmas. Haefdon domlice, on Sam folcstede, fynd oferwunnen, eSel-weardas, eald-hettende swyrdum aswefede ; hie on swaSe reston, ba Se him to Iffe laSost waeron cwicera cynna. MS. Da seo cneoris eall, maegfia m&rost, tines monSes fyrst, wlanc wunden-loce, wagon and Iaeddon to Saere beorhtan byrig, Bethuliam, helmas and hup-seax, here-byrnan a , guS-sceorp gumena, golde gefra?tewod, masrra uiadraa bonne mon agnig asecgan maege searo-]>oncelra ; eal baet (5a Seod-guman brymme geeodon, cene under cumblum, and comp-wige, burh Iudithe gleavve litre, maeg'5 modigre. Hi to mode hyre, of Sam siofate, sylfre brohton eorlas aesc-rofe, Holofernes sweord and swatigne helm. swylce eac sfde byrnan gerenode readum golde, and eal baet se rinca baldor swiSmod sinces ahte, oSSe sundor-yrfes, hare byrnan. 1.52 PARAPHRASE OF JOB. beaga and beorhtra maSma ; hi past ))sere beorhtan idese ageafon, gearo-poncolre. Ealles Sees Iudith saegde wuldor-weroda Dryhtne, \>e hyre weorSmynde geaf, niterSe on mold an rfee, swylce eac mede on heofo- num, sigor-lean in swegles wuldre, paes J>e heo ahte softne ge- leaf'an to 6am iElmihtigan ; huru aet 6am ende ne tweode J>aes leanes pe heo lange gyrnde. paes sy Sam leofan Dryhtne wuldor to wfdan aldre, ])e gesceop wind and lyfte, roderas and rume grundas, swylce eac re]>e streamas, and swegles dreamas, Jmrh his sylfes miltse. FROM A PARAPHRASE OF JOB, XXIX. XXX. ALLITERATIVE WITH FINAL RIME. Me lifes onlah, se pis leoht onwrah, and })3et torhte geteoh tillice onwrah. Glaed waes ic gliwum, glenged hiwum, blissa bleoum blostma hiwum. Secgas mec segon, symbel ne alegon, feorh-giefe gefegon, fraetwed-waegum, wic ofer wongum waes on lagu-stream lad, peer me leoju ne bigliid, haefde ic heanne had, ne waes me in healle gad J>aet )>aer rof word rad ; oft ]>eer line gebad, paet he in sele saege sinc-gewaege. pegnum gefyhte, j>enden wass ic maegen horsce mec heredon, hilde generedon, faegre feredon, feondon biweredon : swa mec hyht giefu heold. Scealcas waeron scearpe, Scvl waes hearpe ; THE GRAVE. 153 hlude hlynede, hleopor dynede, swegl-rad swinsade, swiSe ne minsade, burg-sele beofode, beorht lifade, ellen eacnade, ead beacnade, freaum frodade, fromum godade, mod maegnade, mine faegnade, treow telgade, tir welgade, bked blissade Gold gearwade, gim hwearfade, . sine searwade, sib nearwade. From ic waes in fraetwum, freolic in geatwum ; wass min dream dryhtlic, drohtaS hyhtlic ; f'oldan ic freooade, folcum ic leopode, lif waes min longe, THE GRAVE. De vves bold gebyld er pu iboren were, oe wes molde imynt er $u of moder come ; ac hit nes no idiht, ne peo deopnes imeten ; nes gyt iloced, hu long hit pe were. Nu me pe bringaeft per Su beon scealt, nu me sceal )>e meten, and 6a mold seoftoa ; ne biS no pin hus healice itinbred, hit biS unheh and lah, FRAGMENT. ponne pu list per-inne ; oe hele-wages beofi lage, sid-wages unhege, pe rof biS ibyld pire broste ful neh ; swa Su scealt on mold wunien ful cald, dimme and deorcae : pet den fulaet on bond. Dureleas is paet hus, and dearc hit is wiomnen, tiaer pu bist feste bidytt, and DaeS hefo" pa caege : ladlic is paet eor6'-hus, and grim inne to wunien. ii 5 154 FROM LA3AMON'S BRUT. Ser pu scealt wunien, and wurnies })e todele<5. Dus 5u bist ilegd, and ladaest pine fronden ; nefst ftu nenne freond, pe pe wylle faren to, Saet efre wule lokien hu pe fast hus pe likie, Saet sefre undou Se wule 5a dure, and pe sefter lihten ; for sone pu bist ladlic, and lad to iseonne ; for sone bifi fin haefet 3 faxes bireued, al bi5 Ses faxes feirnes forsceden, nsele hit nan mit fingres f eing stracien * * * # * * FROM LA3AMON'S BRUT. The History of King Leir and his Daughters. MS. Calig., A. IX. Bladud hafde enne sune, Leir wes ihaten, efter his fader daie, MS. Otho, C. XIII. Bladud hadde one sone, Leir was ihote, after his fader he held pis lond, he heold pis drihliche lond, in his owene hond, somed an his liue, sixti winter. He makede ane riche burh, }mrh radfulle his crafte, and he heo lette nemnen efter him seoluan, Kaer Leir hehte pe burh ; leof heo wes pan kinge, pa we an ure leod-quide Leir-chestre clepiaS. 3eare a pan holde dawen heo wes swifte a5el burh, ilaste his lif-dajes, sixti winter. He makede on riche borh, porh wise menne reade, and hine lette nemni after him seolue, Kair Leir hehte pe borh ; leof he was pan king, pe we on ure speche Lep-chestre cleopiep. In pan eolde daije hit was a borh riche, ■ l The last six lines are in a different and almost illegible hand. FROM LA3AMON'S BRUT. 155 and seofiSen per seh toward swiSe muchel seorwe, pat heo wes al forf'aren, |>urh pere leodene uael. Sixti winter hefde Leir pis lond al towelden. pe king hefde preo dohtren hi his drihliche quen ; nefde he nenne sune, perfore he war5 sari, his manscipe to halden, buten pa preo dohtren. pa aeldeste dohter haihte Gornoille, pa o<5er Regau, pa pridde Cordoille, heo wes pa ^ungeste suster, a wliten aire uairest ; heo wes hire fader al swa leof swa his ajene lif. pa aeldede pe king, and wakede on aftelan, an he hine bipohte wet he don mahte of liis kineriche aefter his deie. He seide to him suluen, pat pat vuel wes : Ic wile mine riche todon, and alien minen dohtren, and 3euen hem mine kine- peode, and twemen mine bearnen : ac aerst ic wille fondien, and suppe par soh to swipe moche sorwe, Sixti winter hadde Leir pis lond towelden. pe king hadde preo dohtres bi his oje cwene ; ac he nadde nanne sone. par fore he was sori, his kinedom to heolde, bote his preo dohtres. pe asldeste hehte Gor- noylle, pe oper Regau, pe pridde Gordoylle, jeo was pe ^eongeste, of peues aire hendest ; 3eo was hire fader al so leof so his owene lif. po holdede pe king, and failede his mihte, and he hine bipohte wat he don mihte of his kineriche after his dai^e. He saide to him seolue, pat pe vnel was : Ich wolle mine riche ^iue mine dohtres, ac erest ich wolle fondi, 156 FROM LA3AMON'S BRUT. whulchere beo mi beste freond, and hco seal habbe fat beste del of mine drihlichen Ion. pus fe king polite, and per-aefter he worhte ; he clepede Gornoille, Ids guSfulle dohter, vt of hire bure, to hire fader deore ; and feus spac fe aide king, per he on gefielen seat : Sei me, Gornoille, softere worden : swi'Se dure feo eart me, hu leof aem ich f e, hu mochel worj leste fu me to walden kineriche ? Gornoille was swifte wser, swa beoo" wifmen wel ihwasr, and seide ane lesinge heore faedere fon king : Leofe feeder dure, swa bide ic Godes are, swa helpe me Apollin, for min ilsefe is al on him, fat leuere feo aert me sene [>ane f is world al clane ; and3et icfe wile speken wit, feou a:rt leouere fene mi lif, and pis ich sucge fe to seo<5e, woch me mest louie, and 300 sal habbe fat beste deal of mine kine-londe. pus fe king poll, and far-after awroh ; he cleopede Gornoille, his dohter fat was deore, ut of hire bure, to hire fader deore ; and f us spac fe holde king to Gornoille his dohter : Sei me, Gornoille, sop ere wordes : swipe deore pou art me, ou lef ham hich fe, hu mochel worf holdist fou me to welde kineriche ? Gornoille was wel war, so beof wimmen wel iwar, and seide one lesing to hire fader f e king : Leoue fader deore, so bide ich Godes ore, leuere fou hart me one fan al f is worle clene ; and 3et ich f e wolle speke wid, fou hart me leouere fan mi Hf, and pis ich segge pe to s6fe, FROM LA3AMON'S BRUT. 157 |>u mith me wel ileue. Leir pe king ilefde his dohter laaisinge, and pas aensware $ef, ]>at waes pe olde king : Ich J>e Gomoille seuge, leoue dohter dure, god seal beon pi meda for )>ira gretinge. Ic earn for mire aeldde swipe vnbalded, and pou me leuoste swi]>e, mare pan is on Hue; ich wille mi dirhliche lond a proe al todalen : pin is pat beste deal, pu aert mi dohter deore, and scalt habben to lauerd min aire beste pein peo ich mai uinden in mine kinne-londe. ^Efter spac ]>e olde king wit his dohter : Leoue dohter Regau, waet seist tu me to raeide ? Seie Jra bifore mire dujden heo dure ich am pe an herten. pa answaerde mid raetfulle worden : A 1 fat is on Hue nis nig swa dure swa me is fin an luue, ne forSe min ahjene lif. Ah heo ne seide na ping se'5, pu miht me wel ilefue. Leir pe king ilefde his dohter lesinge, and ]ms answerede }>e king to his dohter : god sal beo J>i mede tor ]>ine wel dede. Ich ham for min lieolde mochel onbolded, and J?ou me louest swipe, more pan alio pat his aliue ; ich wole ini dripliche lond a preo al todeale : pin sal beo pat beste deal, pou hart me swipe deore, and pou salt habbe to louerd min aire beste man pat ich mawe ifinde in mine kine-londe. Eft spac pe holde king wid his oper dohter: Leoue dohter Regau, wat ..ist pou me to reader Sei bifore mine men ou deore ich pe ham. po answerede jeo mid worde, and noht mid heorte : Al pat his on liue nis me alf so deore so m. his pin one li.e, Ac $eo de nopt sop, 158 FROM LA3AMON'S BRUT. no more penne hiire suster. Alle hire lesinge hire uader ilefede. pa answarede pe king, hiis dojter him icwemde : pea pridde del of mine londe ich bitake pe an honde ; pu scalt nime louerd per pe is aire leowost. pa }et nolde pe leod-king his sothscipe bilaeuen; he hehte cumen him biforen his dohter Cordoille ; heo was aire 3ungest, of soSe }aer witelest, and ]>e king heo louede more panne batueie pe oSre. Cordoille iherde pa lasinge pe hire sustren seiden pon kinge ; nom hire leaffulne huie pat heo lijen nolden, hire fader heo wolde suge seoS, were him lef were him laS. peo que<5 pe aide king, vnraS him fulede : Iheren ich wille of pe Cordoille, sua J)c helpe Appollin, hu deore pe beolif min. pa answarede Cordoille, lude and novviht stille, mid gomene and mid lehtre, na more p al hire les ilefde. po ansvv.... king, his dohter him icvve... pe pridden deal of mine ... ich bitake pe an hond and p nime louerd par pe his a... leuest. pe }et nolde pe king his folie blene ; he hehte come him bifore his dohter Gordoille ; 3eo was aire ^eongest, of worde aire sopest, and pe king hire louede more pan pe tvveie oper. Gordoille iherde pe lesing pat hire sostres seide pan kinge ; nam hire lapfolne op pat }e \e^e nolde, hire fader jeo wolde segge sop, were him leof were him lop. po cwap pe holde king, onread him folwede : Ich wolle ihiren of pe, Gordoille mi dohter, so pe helpe Appolin, ou deore pe his lif min. po answerede Gordoille, loude and noht stille, mid game and mid lihtre, FROM LA3AMONS BRUT. 159 to hire fader leue : peo art me leof al so mi faeder, and ich ]>e al so pi dohter. Ich habbe to pesohfaste loue, for we buoS s\vij)e isibbe, and swa ich ibide are, ich wille pe suge mare : al swa muchel pubist woruh swa pu welden aart, and al swa muchel swa )>u hauest, men pe wllet luuien ; for sone heo biS ilajed, pe mon pe lutel ah. pus seide pe maeiden Cor- doille, and seoSSen set swipe stille. pa ivvarSe pe king waarS, for he nes peo noht iquemed, and wende on is ponke, paht hit weren for unoeawe, pat he hire weore swa un- wourS, pat heo hine nold iwurSi, swa hire twa sustren, pe ba somed kesinge speken. pe king Leir iwerSe swa blac, swilch hit a blac cloS weiren iwaerS his hude and his heowe, for he was supe ihaermed, mid pere wraaSSe he waes isweued, to hire fader leoue : pou hart me ase min fader, and ich ase pin dohter, and so ich abide ore, ich wolle segge pe more : al so mochel pou hart worp ase pou hart weldende, and wile ... pou hopt afest, men pe wollep louie ; for sone hi beop lope, pe men pe lutel o3ep. pus seide pat maide Gor- doille, and sippe sat stille. po iwarp pe king wrop, for he nas nopt icw he wende on his pon.. ..t hit were for onpeue, pat he so onworp, p.. $eo hin louie, # # # His euhe torne and was wrop, bicom alse a blac clop : mid pare wreppe he was igre- mid, 160 FROM LA3AMON'S BRUT. }>at he feol i swowen; late peo he up fusde ; ]>at maeiden wes afeared, pa hit alles up brae, hit wes vuel pat he spac : Haerne Cordoille, ich pe telle wille mine wille ; of mine dohtren pu were me durest, nu pu eaert me arle laeoes : ne scalt pu naeuer halden dale of mine lande ; ah mine dohtren ic wille delen mine riche, andpu scalt worsen warchen, and wonien in AvansiSe, for nauere ich ne wende pat pu me woldes pus scan- den, parfore pu scalt beon daad ic wene : fli$ ut of min eash-sene, pine sustren sculen habben mi kinelond, and pis me is iqueme. pe due of Cornwaile seal habbe Gornoille, and pe Scottene king Regau pat scone ; and ic hem 3eue al pa winne pe ich asm waldinge ouer. And al pe aide king dude swa he hafuede idemed. Of wis pen maeidene wa, pat hi fulle hi swoje ; late po vp fusde ; pat maide was afered, po hit alles up brae, hit was vuel pat he spac : Hercne Gordoille, ich wolle segge pe mine wille of mine dohtres pou were me leouest, nou pou hart me aire lopest : ne salt pou neuere holde deal of mine londe ; ac mine two dohtre solle habbe mine riche, and pou salt wonie wrecche, and wonie ine wowe, for neuere ich ne wende pat pou me woldest pus sende, parfore pou salt deije ich wene: fleo vt of mine eh-scene, pine sostres sulle habbe mi lond, and pis me his icweme. pe duk of Cornwale sal habbe Gornoille, and pe Scottene king Regau pe scene ; and ich 3am giue alle pe winne pat ich ham ouer waldenne. And pe holde king dude ase he hadde idemid. Ofte was pane maide wo, FROM LA3AMON'S BRUT. Kil and nasure wors penne pa, vva hire wes on mode, for hire faeder waerpe; heo uende into hire boure, par heo ofte saette sare ; for heo nolde lijen hire fader leoue. pat maide wes swiften swomefest, for hire fader heo scunede, and dude pene beste red ; in hire bure heo abed, and polede pene mod-kare, and mornede swipe ; and pus ane stonde hit stod ae Son ilka. In France wes a king riehe and swiSe kene, Aganippes wes ihaten, haeleften he wes seldere ; he wes a jenge king, ah qupne nauede he nane. He sende hiis sande into pisse lande, to Leir pan kinge, and leofliche hine gret; he basd hine don is iwille, $euen him Cordoille, and he heo wolde habben hseje to are quene, and aefter hire don aarest, }>at lure were aire leofust. Feor haueden liftende men ispeken of pan maaidene and neuere worse pane po, wo hire was on mode, for hire fader wre]>J>e ; 3eo eode in to bure, and ofte sipte sore ; for 3eo nolde le^e hire fader leue. pat maide was swipe samuast, and hire fader sonede, and dude pane beste read ; and in hire bure abod, and polede pane mod-care, and mornede swipe ; and pus one stunde hit stod a pam ilke. In France was a king rich and swipe kene, Aganippus was ihote, folke he was eldere ; he was a jong king, ac cwene nafde he none. He sende his sonde in to pisse londe, to Leir pane king, and faire him grette; bad hine don his wille, $efe him Gordoille, and he hire wolde habbe he$e to cwene, and don aire erest, pat hire were aire fairest. For hafde sope men ispeke of pam maiden 162 FROM LA3AMON'S BRUT. feijernesse and freoscipe atforen pan Frensce kinge, of hire mucla faeira wlita, of hire muchela monschipe, hu heo wes polemod, of fajire hire peaewen, pat nes on Leir kinges lond nan wifinan al swa hende. And pe king Aganippus igrette Leir kin pus. Leir kin hine bipohte, vvat he don mohte ; he letten writen a writ, and wel hit lette dihten, and sende hit bi his sonde in Frauncene londe : pus spec pes kinges writ, hit wes widen icuS : pe king of Bruttaine, pe Leir is haten, greteS Aganippus, pene aldere of Fraunce : WorSschepe haue pu pire wel-deda, and jure feire sonde, ]>at grete pu me woldest: ac ic do pe wel to witene, hser bi mine writ rich, pat mi drihlice lond a twa ich habbe ideled, i$euen hit mine twam doh- tren, pe me beoh swifie deore. Dohter ich habbe pa pridda, bifore pan Frence king, of hire pe of hire mochele fairsipe, of hire mochele mansipe, ou 3eo was polemod, of faire hire peues, pat nas in Leir kinges lond, womman half so hende. And king Aganippus igrette Leir pe king pus. Leir king hine bipoht, wat he don mihte ; he lette writen a writ, wel mid pan beste, an sende bi his sonde into France londe : pus spac peos kinges writ, hit was wide cup : pe king of Britaine pat Leir his gretep Aganippus, king of France : Worsipe haue pou ^ for pine wilninge, and pine faire sonde, pat grete pou me woldest : ac ich do pe wel to wite, her ript bi mine write, pat mi drihtlice lond a two ich habbe idealed, i^euet mine two doptren, pat beop me swipe deore. Dohter ich habbe pe pridde, FROM LA3AMON'S BRUT. 163 ac ne raeccbe ich waer hco libbe ; for heo me fbrhuste, and heo hold me for hsene, and for mire halde, heo me unaleledte heo make me swa swipe wra<5, pe worse hire seal iwuroen ; of alle mine londe, ne of alle mine leode, pe ich auere bi^eat, oSer mjete maeie, ich pe sucge soS riht, na seal heo habbe nawiht : ac $ef pu heo wult habben, for meeide heo is hende, ich heo wulle pe biwiten, and senden ha pe inanescipe, mid seoluen hire claSen, of me nafS heo na more ; 31 F pu heo wult underfon, al pis ilka ich wulle don ; iseid ich habbe pene grund, and pu seolf wurc5 al hisund. pis writ com to Fraunce to pan freo kinge ; he hit lette raden, leof him weren pa runen. pa wende pe king pat hit were for vuele, pat Leir king hire feeder heo him wold' atleden and he niochula pa wodeloker ac ne rech ic ware 30 libbe ; for jeo me forhojede, and held me for wrecche, and wrappede me swipe, pe worse hire sal worpe; pat of alle mine londe, ne of alle mine leode, pat ich euere bijet, oper bi3ete mawe, ich pe segge sop riht, ne sal }eo habbe nowipt : ac }if pou hire wold habbe, maide }eo his hende, ich pe wole hire biwete, and sende hire in one sipe, mid seolue hire eloping, of me }eo nafep na more ; }if pou hire wolt vnderfon, al pis ich wolle don ; iseid ic habbe pane grund, and pou pi seolf far hoi and sund. pis writ com to France to p.. ..eo kinge; he hit lette rede, leof him were pe roune. po wende pe welde king pat hit w r ere for gyle, pat Leir king hire fader nolde hire him lene, and he moche pe wodlokere 164 FROM LA3AMON'S BRUT. wilnede peos maeidenes, and seide to is bornen, pat wes pe bisie king : Ich earn riche mon inoh, pat na mare ich ne recche ; ne seal neuere Leir king pat mgeiden me attlede, ac ich heo wulle habben to haen^enne are quene. Habben heore fader al is lond, al hiis seoluer and is gold, ne bidde ich nanne marines, me seolf ich habben inose, bute pat maeiden Cordoille ; penne habbe ich mine wille. Mid writ and mid worde he sende eft to pisse londe, and bad Leir king him sende his dohter pe waes hende, and he wolde wel don, mid muchele worftescipe heo underfon. pa nom pa olde king aeSele his meiden, mid seoluen hire claSes, and lette heo forfte liSen ofer pa stremes ; hire fader hire wes sturne. Aganippus pe Frennsce king vnderfeng pis meiden child, al hiis folc hit wes iqueme, and makeden heo to quene, and pus heo per bilefde, wilnede ..t mayde, and seide to his fol.. .ing Aganippus: Ich ha. ... he .an inop, of ich ne recche ; ne sal Leir pe king pat maiden me atlede, ac ich hire wolle habbe to eje cwene. Habbe hire fader al his lond, and his seoluer and his gold, ne bid ich no }>ing of his, inoh ich habbe mi seolue, bote pat maide Gordoille ; ]>an ich habbe mine wille. Mid writ and mit worde he send eft to ]>isse londe, and bad Leir king him sende his dohter J^at was hende, and he hire wolde vnderfon, and moche mansipe hire don. po nam ]:>e holde king Gordoille ]>at maide, raid seolue hire eloping, and lette hire for]) wende ouer see stremes ; hire fader was sterne. Aganippus ]>e Frence king ]>is maide faire vnderfeng, and al his folk hit was icweme, pat }eo were cwene, and pus jeo pare bileofde, FROM LAJAMOX'S BRUT. 165 leof heo wes pon leoden. And Leir king hire feeder luuede i Sisse londe, and hadde ijeuen is twain dohtren al his drihliche leand ; He $ef Gornoille Scotlondes kinge, he haehte Maglaunus, his maehte weren store ; Cornwailles duke Regau is dohter. pa ilomp hit seo5<5e, sone par-aefter, pat pe Scottene king and pe duk speken togaSere, mid heore stil rune, nomm hem to reda, pat heo wolden al pis lond habben on heora hond, and feden Leir pane king pe while pe he leouede, daeies and nihtes, mid feowerti hired-cnihtes ; and heo him wolden finden hauekes and hundes, pat he mihte riden $eond alle panne peoden, and libben on lisse, pe while pe he leouede. pus heo ]>a ispeken, and eft hit tobreken, and Leir king hit iherde, leof 3eo was pan folke. And Leir king hire fader liuede in pisse londe, and hadde his two d al his kinedome ; He $af Gornoille To Scottene king, he hehte Maglandus, his mihtes weren store, And to Corn wales duke Regau his dohter. pa bifulle .. . .e)»J'e, sone )>ar-hafter, ]>at ]>e Scottene king and ]>e duk speken togadere, mid hire stille rouning, nemen heom to reade, pat hii wolde al pis lond habbe to hire owene hond, and feode Leir pane king wile pat he leofede, daijes and niptes, mid fourti cni])tes. And we him wolleb finde hauekes and hundes, pat he mai ride ouer al pe peode, and libbe ine blisse, pe wile pat he libbep. pus i po speken, and eft hit tobreken, and Leir king was wel ipaid, 166 FROM LA3AMON'S BRUT. and eft him wes pe worsse : and Leir king liSde to Scottenas leoda, mid Maglaune his aftume, and mid ]>ere eldre dohtre. Me vnderf'eng pene king mid mochele feirnnsse, and vvel me him dihte mid feowerti hire cnihdtes, mid horsen and mid hundes, mid al pat him biheovede. pa hilomp hit seoSSen, seone per-after, pe Gornoille bipohte whet heo don mihte : heore puhte swipe eille of aaSelene hire faedere, and heo hit bigan to rnainen to Maglaune hire louerde, and seide him i bedde, per heo leiin iueore: Seie me, mi lauerd, monne pu ert me leouest ; me punched pat mi feeder nis nowhit telle ; no he wurhscipe ne can, his wit he hauet bileued ; me punched pe aide mon wole dotie nou nan. He halt here fauwerti cnihtes, daies and nihtes, he haueht her pas peines, and alle heore swaines, hundes and hauekes ; and eft onlikede: and Leir king wende to Scottene kinge, to Maglande his opom, and to his heldeste dohter. Me vnderfeng pane [king] mid his fourti cniptes, and hire liors and hire atyr, and al pat ham bihouede. po bifullet seppe, sone par-after, pat Gornoille bipohte wat $eo don mihte : hire polite swipe eil of hire fader cnihtes, and 3eo began to mene to Maglande hire louerd, and seide hit in bedde, par pat leien : Sei me mi louerd manne me leofust me ponchep pat mi fader nis nopt fele ; no worsipe he ne can, his wit he hauep bileued ; He halt here fourti cniptes, daises and niptes, he halt here his sweynes, FROM LA3AMON'S BRUT. 167 peruore we habbet harmes, andd nowher heo ne spedet, and auere heo speneS, and al pat goud pat we hem do<5, heo hit bluSeliche vnderfoS, and cunnen us vndonc, for ure wel-dede. Heo doS muehel bisemsere, ure men hi tobetet : mi fader hauet to monie of idele manne ; ale ]>a feorSe dale lete we for fuse ; inoh he hauet on pirti, to pirngen to borde ; vs selve we habbet cokes to quecchen to cuchene, vs sulue we habbet bermen and birles inowe. Lete we sum pis mochele folc fare wher ha wulleS ; swa ich seuere ibiden are, iSolien nulle ich hit mare, pis iherde Maglaunus pat is queue spilede pus ; and he hire andswarede mid aSelere spiche : Leiuedi pu haues mochel wouh, nauest pu richedom inoh ? Ah hald pine faeder on lisse, ne luueSe he nowiht longe; for gef ferrene kinges parfore we habbep harmes, al pat god pe we heom dop, hii hit blopeliche vnderfop, and ne come vs bote vnpong, for hure wel-deade. Hii dop hus mochel bismare, hure men hi tobetep : mi fader hauep to manie of idele men ; al pat feorpe deal lete we forp fuse ; hus seolf we habbep cocus to cwecche to kichene, hus seolf we habbep bermen and borles inowe. Lete we som pis mochele folk- fare woder i wollep ; so ich euere ibide ore, ich hit nele polie more, pis iherde Maglandus pat pe cwene spak pus ; and hire answerede mid his gode speche : Leafdi pou hauest wop, nauest pou richedom inop ? Ac hold pin fader in blisse, ne liuep he nopt lange ; for gef honcupe kinges 168 FROM LA3AMON'S BRUT. hi herde pa tidinde, pe we swa takede him on, heo us wolden tselen. Ah late we hine welden his folc on his widen ; and pis min aje raed is, for sone her-aefter he be<5 dead, and ac we habben in ure hond, al half is kine-lond. pa seide Gornoille : Lauerd beo peu stille, let me al iwurpen, and ich ham wulle atwailden. Heo sende mid hire ginne to pare cnihtene inne; heo hahte hem faren hire waei, for heo nolden hem no more feden, moni of pen peinen, monie of pen swennen, pe pider weren icumene mid Leir panne kinge. pis iherde Leir king, parfore he wes swupe wrah ; pai jedede pe king mid ^emeliche worden, and pus seide pe kinge, sorhful on mode : Wa wor<5e pan monne pe lond haueSe mid menske, and bitachet hit is childe hii herep soche pinges, pat we so take him on, hii hus wollep shende. Ac lete we him habbe his folk at his wille; and pis his min owene read, for sone her-after he worp dead, and eke we habbep in hure hond, haluen del his kine-lond. po seide Gornoille : Louerd beo pou stille, let me al iwor... and ich him wolle awilde. 3eo sende al mid ginne to pare cnipten hinne ; and hehte 3am faren hire wai : Ka more we nollep 30U f'eode. pis iherde Leir pe king, and wrappede him swipe, and seide peos wordes, sor^fulle on mode : Wo worpe pane man pat lond hauep to wille, and takep hit his child FROM LA3AMON'S BRUT. 169 pe while pe he mai hit walden; pe wile ))e hit mai holde; for ofte hit ilinipo', pat eft hit him ofpincheS. Nu ich wulle liunne faren forfi rihte to Cornwalen ; $ernen ich wulle raedes, to Regau mire dohter, pe haucde Hemeri pe due, and mi drihliche lond. Foro - a pe king wende into pan suS ende, to Regau is dochter, for raedes him trukeden. pa he to Cornwale com, he wes feire per vnderfon, swa al pet halue $er mid al his hirede he wes per. pa saide Regau, to hire due Hemeri : Lauerd, heme pu me, for Iiofte hit bifallep, pat eft hit him apinchep. Nou ich wolle hinne fare ript into Cornwale ; jern ich wolle reades, of Regau mine dohter, pat auep Amari pe duk and half min kineriche. Forp pe king wende into pan sup ende, to Regau his dohter, for reades him trokede. po he to Cornwale com, he was faire vnderfon, so pat al pat alue jer mid alle his cnihtes he wonede per. pa seide Regau to Amari hire louerd : Hercne, louerd, to me, to fulle sope ic sucge hit pe : to folle sope ich segge pe : We habbet idon unwisdom, We habbep idon onwisdom, pat we mine fader habbet vnderfon, mid pirtti b cnihten ; hit nis me noht iqueme. Do we awai pane twenti ; a teue beoft inoh^e : pat we mine fader habbep vnderfon, mid pus manie cniptes ; hit nis me noht icweme. Do we iwei alle bote ten beop inowe : for al heo dringket and eteft, for alle hii dringep and hetep, and na god heo ne bijeteft. pa seide Hemeri pe due, pe his aide fader biswake : 3 MS. Forhd. and no god hii ne bijetep. po seide Ameri pe duk, pat his halde fader ....oc: b MS. wirtti. I 170 FROM LA3AMON'S BRUT. Swa ich eaeuere beo on liue, So ich euere beo ne seal he habben beote fiue ; ne sal he habbe bote cn..tes fiue; for J>er he hauet bird hinoh, for paron he habbe)) inoh, for he nauyt no doS ; for he noping no dop ; and $ef he nille a henne faren, and }if he nolle 3 hinne fare, fuse we hine sone. Al heo ispedden ase heo ispeken hafden ; binomen him is do^eSe, and al his drihliche folc ; nolden heo him bileafuen cnihtes beoton fiue. pis iseh pe Leir king, wa wes him on liue, his mod him gon niengen, he mor$nede swiSe, and pas worde seide mid seorhfulle laichen : Wela weolla wella ! fuse we hine ... pe. All hi..ede ind.. ase he speke adde ; binomen him his cniptes and al hire sweines nolden hi him bilefue cniptes bote viue. pis iseh Leir pe king, wa was him a liue, his mod him gan mengi, he mornede swipe, and peos word seide mid sorfol speche : Wele wele wele wele ! hu pu biswikest moninemon: ou pou beswikest mani man penne he pe treoweSe aire wan hii pe trouep aire best, best on, penne biswikes tu heom. Nis hit nowit 3are, noht fulle twa 3ere, pat ich was a riche king and held mine cnihtes : nu ich habben ibiden, pat ich bare sitte, wunnen biraeued ; wa is me on liue ! Ich wes at Gornoille, pan pou heom biswikest. Nis noht }are, noht fulle two jere, pat ich was a riche king and welde mine cniptes : nou ich habbe ibede pane dai pat ich bar sitte of gode bireued ; wo his me aliue ! Ich was mid Gornolle, MSS. wille and wolle. FROM LA3AMON , S BRUT. 171 mire godfulle dohter ; wuden a on hire leoden mid )>ritti cnihtes : pe jet ich mihte libben, ah penne i gonne HSen, mine leofue dohter ; icli wonede on hire londe mid prittie cnihtes : pe jet ich mij)te libbe a sommere wise ; ac ich wende bet habbe idon, ich wende swi'Se wel to don, and gan panne wende, ac wurse ich habbe vnderfon. ac worse ich habbe onderfon. Ajen ich wulle to Scotte, Ajein ich wole to Scotlond, to scone mire docter, ;ernen hira milcea, J)at heo me nele wurdea ; bidden heo me vnderfon mid mine fif cnihten ; per ich wulle wunie, and polie peos wsenen ane lutele stunde, for ne libbe ich nowiht longe. Leir pe king wende for<5 b to is dohter wunede norS. Fulle pre nihtes and sechen mine dohter, and bidde hire milse, bid hire me onderfon mid mine fif cnihtes ; pare ich wolle wonie, and polie ... wo we ane lutle stu... ... ne libbe ich nopt longe. ... king verde forp to his doh... pat wonede norp. Folle preo niptes heo haerabarewude hine and jeo herbor$ede him and his is cnihtes : cniptes : heo swor a pane ferpe dsei, jeo iswor a pan feorp dai, bi al heuenliche main, bi al heuenliche maine pat ne sculde he habben mare, pat ne solde he habbe more bute enne knicte pere ; bote one cnipt pare and jef he pet nolde, and jef he pat nolde, ferde wuder he wolde. fare woder so wolde. Wel oft wes Leir wa, Wel ofte was Leir wo, and neuere wurs panne pa. pa seide pe aide king, aeruu he was on herten * wunede ? ac neuere worse pane po. po seide Leir pe king, wo him was on heorte : b MS. forh. i 2 172 FROM LA3AMON'S BRUT. Wallan dseft, wela dae<5, pat pu me nelt fordenien ! Seoo" seide Cordoille, for cuS hit is me noupe, mi jengestte dohter, heo was me wel dure, seo-SSen heo me wes leadest, for heo me seiden aire sohust, pat he bio* vnworS and lah, pe mon ]> e litul ah ; and ich nas na wurdra, penne ich nes weldinde. Ouersoh seiden |>at $unge wifmon, hire folweS mochel wisdom, pa wile pe ich haeuede mi kinelond, luueden me mine leoden, for mine londe and for mine feo, [cneo : mine eorles fulle to mine nu ich asm a wrecche mon, ne leouet me no mon forpan ; Ah mi dohter me seide seoh, for nou ich hire ileue inoh, and batwa hire susteren lasinge me seiden, pat ich ham wes swa leof, leuere penne hire a^e lif ; and Cordoille mi dohter doh^epe me seide, pat heo me leouede swa feire swa mon his fader scolde : Wet wold ich bidde mare Wo la deap, wo la deap, }>at pou me nelt fordeme ! Sop seide Gordoille, for cup hit his me noupe, mi jeongeste dohter, pat was me wile deore, seoppe jeo was me lowest, for ^eo me seide sorest, pat he his onworp and \o]>, pe man pat lutel o^ep ; and ich nas no worpere, pan ich was god habben. Sop seide pe 3ong wimmon, hire folwep moche wisdom, pe wile ich hadde min kine- lond, louede me mi leode, for mi lond and mi feo, eorles fulle to mi cneo : nou ich ham a wrecche man, ne louep me no man forpan ; Ac mi dohter me seide sop, for ich hire ileue inop, bope two hire sostres lesing me seide, pat ich ham was so leof ase hire 03ene lif; and mi 3onge dohter Gordoille me seide, pat }eo me loue wolde so man his fader solde: Wat wolde ich bidde more FROM LA3AMONS BRUT. 173 of mire dohter dure ? Nu ich wullen faren feorfi, and ouer sae fusen, ihiren of Cordoille wat beon hire wille ; hire seohfte word ich nam to grame, parfore ich habbe nu rau- chele scame ; for nu ich mot bisecchen pat ping pat ichaer forhowede ; Nule heo me do na wurse panne hire lond forwurnen. Leir ferde to pere sae mid ane alpie swein, into ane schipe he bicom, ne icnwo hine no mon : ouer sea i comen, hauene sone anomen. ForS wende pe king Leir, nauede he bute enne swein ; hi axeden J>a quene, pat heo comen hire a neweste. Tahten heom leode, wer wes pes londes quene. Leir king wende on anne feld, and reste hine on folden ; and is swien he forS sende, pe wes iradmon hende, to pere quene Cordoille, and seide hire wel stille : Hail wuro" pu, feire quene ; ich earn pines fader sweine, and pi uader is hider ikomen, of mine dohter deore? Nou ich wolle faren forp, and ouer see fusi, hihire of Gordoille wat beo hire wille ; hire sop word ich nam to grame, parfore ich habbe nou ino- chel same ; for nou ich mot biseche pat ich her forojede. Nele 3eo me no worse pane hire lond werne. Leir ferde to pare see mid on alpi sweine. into one sipe he bicom, ne icnew hine no man : ouer see hii comen, and hauene hi nomen. Forp wende pe king Leir, nadde he bote one sweine ; hii axede after pe cwene, pat hii a newest come. Leir king wende on an feld, and reste his weri bones ; and his sweyn he forp sende, pat was hiredman hende, to pare cwene Gordoille, and seide hire wel stille : Hayl worpou, cwene; pi fader pe grette, and he his hider to pe icome, 174- FROM LA3AMON'S BRUT. for al his lond his him bi- ll ome : beop bope pine sostres toward him forsworene. He his icome for neode into pine peode ; help him nou an pou miht, he his pi fader and hit his riht. pe cwene Gordoille long sat stille ; for al is lond is him bino- men : beoS ba pine sustren touward him forsworene. He cumeS for neode into pisse leode ; and help him nu for pu miht, he is pi fader alse hit is riht. pe quene Cordoille seaet longe swupe stille ; heo iward reod on hire benche, [scenche, swilche hit were of wine- and pe swain saet at hire fseit, sone per-after him wes pe bet. pa alles uppe abrsec, hit wes god pat heo spasc : Appollin mi lauer, ich pankie J>e, pat mi faeder is icumme to me : tidinge ich ihire leoue, tiding ich ihire lefue, pat mi fader on Hue is ; pat mi fader his aliue ; of me hehabben scalgoudne of me he sal habbe godne resed read bute ich beo pe raSer ded. bote ich pe raper be dead. Seie me nupe leof a swein, and harne mine lare : Ich pe wulle bitache a male rich, peni3es per buo6 ansunda, po hit halles vpbrac, hit was god pat jeo spac : Ich pe wolle bitake one male riche, par beop parine isunde, to iwisse an hundrad punda; to iwisse an hundred pound, ich bitaeche pe anne haengest godna and strongna, » MS.Jeo. FROM LA3AMONS BRUT. 175 tolasden pis garisume to leuene mine fadere; and seie him pat ich hine gret godere gretinge, and hat ine fare swipe to hare feire burje, and rumen him herberia, i summe riche burie, and bugge him aire errust pat him wes aire leouust, metes and drinches and hende claSes, hundes and hauekes and durewuroe horses: halde in is heose feuwerti hired-cnihtes he$e and riche, bihongen mid raeue; makie him god baid, and ofte hine baSie, and him blod lete lutlen and ofte. Wenne ]>u wult more suluer, sseche hit at me suluen ; and ich him wulle senden inoh of pisse ende ; swa neuer he ne cuSe of his aide cuSoe cnihte ne sweine, ne nauer nanne peine. penne feowerti dawes beoS agan, penne cuSe he anan to leue mine lauprci Led pou pis garisom to lefue mine fader ; and sei pat ich hine grette godes gretinge, and hoten fare swipe to somme Iieje borwe, and nimen him on in, riches of alle, and bigge him aire erest pat him his aire leuest, metes and (binges and riche elopes, hundes and hauekes and hors mid pe beste : holde in his house fourti cnihtes, makie hine god bed, and oft hine bapie, and him blod lete lutel and ofte. Wan pou wolt mor seoluer, feche hit mi seolue ; and ich wolle sende inoh of pisse hende ; so pat neuere he ne cupe of his hoi cuppe. Are fourti dai}es beo agon, panne cupe he hit anon * leofue mine lrmerd 176 FROM LA3AMON'S BRUT. fat Leir is an is londe, fat Leir his in londe, icume ouer sse-streme icomen ouer see-strem to isen is eastresse : to speken wid his dohter : and ich hit wulle swa nimen, and ich hit wole so nime, alse ich hine nusten, ase ich noht nuste. lioen him to3aenes raid mine lauerde, fainen mines lauerdes, and is fseirliche cume. Nute hit neuere nane gume, Nute hit ..n gome, butenhe beo neowene icume: bote .... ne icome, and fus hit writen sende and fus sende to mine lauerd kinge ; to mine lau.... and fu fas sehte onfo, ... fou Jjis seoluer ... and loca fat Jra vvel do ; and lok fat f ou wel do ; and }ef f u heo fus dalest, to godere fire haele. And f e swein onfeng fas ahte, pes swein an hi^inge and to his louer ferde, wende to his louerd, to Leir fon kinge, to Leir fane king, and seide fas tidinge, and seide him feos tiding, f er he laei on felde, far he lai on felde, and reste hine on folde. and reste him for wowe. Sone werS fe aide king wunliche iseSeled, and fas wuord seide po he horde feos tiding, mid sooere stefuene : f o seide Leir f e king : After vuele cumeS god ; After vuel comef god ; wel is him fe hit habbe mot. wel his him fe hit bide mot. Heoferdentohareaejeneburh, Hii verde to one borwe, ase f e quene hsehte ; alse f e cwene hehte ; and al heo iduden and al hii duden efter hire lare. after hire lore. pa forS wuren agan po forf weren ago FROM LA3AMON'S BRUT. 177 feuwerti da$ene, )>on nom Leir pe king is leouste cnihtes, and gret Aganippum, pat was his leue aftum ; and seide him bi his sond, pet icume he wes to is londe, to speken wit his dohter, pe wes him swufte dure. Aganippus wes blipe pet Leir wes cumen liften ; ferde him to$enes mid alle his peines and pa quene Cordoille : pa hauede Leir is wide. Heo comen togadere, and of'te heo custen ; heo uenden to bur$e, blisse wes an hirede ; per wes bemene song \>ere peden pipen among ; al weren pe hallen bihongen mid pallen a , alle ]>ai mete-burdes ibrusted mid golde ; [ringes of golde] aelc mon hafte on honde ; mid fipelen and mid harpen haeleSes ]>er sungen ; lette pe king gan a wal, and lude clepien ouer al, and seide pat Leir kin icume wes to londen. Nu hateo" Aganippus, fourtie daises, pon nam Leir pe king his leofest cnihtes, and grette Aganippum. his leuest opom ; and sende bi his sonde, pat icome he was to his londe ; to speken wi}> his dohter, pat him was swipe deore. Aganippus was blipe pat Leir was icomen lipe ; ferde him to^eines mid alle his cniptes and pe cwene Gordoille : po hadde Leir his wille. Hii comen togadere, and wel ofte custe ; hii vei'de to borwe, par blisses were riue ; alle were pe halles bihonge mid palles, alle pe mete-bordes ibrustled mid golde ; ringes of golde ech man hadde an honde : mid fipele and mid harpes .. pe .... gon on wal, and loude ...al, pat Leir king to pisse londe. MS. pellen. I a 178 FROM LA3AMONS BRUT. pe is pe hejest ouer us, pat $e Leir king alle wuroe liSe, and seal beon eouwer lauerd inne pissere leoden, al swa fele $ere swa he wonien wulle here ; and Aganippus ure king seal 3 beon is vnderling. Wha swa wulle libba, aide pas sibba ; and }ef o man hit wille bre- ken, on ueste it bio* iwreken ; and wite alle he is mon, pat he here haldet on. pa answareda pa dujepa: Don we hit wullet, lude and stille, al pes kinges wille. purSout al pat ulke $er heo duden al pus her, mid muchelere sibba, mid mochelere b seahte. pa peos $er wes agon, pa wold Leir king fare ham, to pisse londe liSen, and ^ernde peos kinges leue. pe king Aganippus answerede him pus : Ne scalt pu neuere pider faren bute mochelere ferde : ah ich pe wulle lanen, 1 MS. swal. ase wonie he and Aganippus hour king wole beo his vnderling. Wo so wole libbe, holde pus sibbe ; and 3if eni man hit wole breke, the king him wole wel awreke. po answerede pat folk : Don we hit wollep, lude and stille, al pe kinges wille. porpvt al pat ilke jer hii dude al pus per. po pat 3ier was agon, po wolde Leir king faren horn. pe king Aganippus answerede Leir pus : Ne salt pou neuere pider fare bute mochel ferde : ac ich pe wolle lene, b MS. mochele aere. FROM LA3AMON'S BRUT. 179 of mine leode-folc, fif hundred schipes i fulled mid cnihten, and al pat heom bihoueS to habben on fore : and pine dohter Cordoille, pa is pisse londes queue, heo scall mid mochelere ferde faren mid pe, an li]>en to pern londen per pu were leode-king : and $ef pu miht seine finden pe pe wulle ajen stonde, binimen pe pine rihte and pine kineriche, and pu ahliche ueht, and fel heo to grunde, and irum al pat loud, and sete hit Cordoille an hond, pat heo hit al habbe efter piine daie. pas wordes seide Aganippus and Leir king dude pus; and al he iworhte swa his freond him tahte. To pisse londen he com liften mid leoue his dohter ; he higreSede mid pane beste pe him buwen wolden, and alle he ham fulde pe him wit feohten ; and he al pis kine-lond biwon to his ajere hande, and jef hit Cordoille, of mine gode cniptes, fif hundred sipes ifulled mid pan beste, and al pat heom bihouep to habbe on vore : and pine dohter Gordoille, pat his pis londes cwene, $eo sal fare mid pee mid mochere ferde, and wendep to pain lond pare pou king were : and gif pou miht eni finde pat pe wole widstonde : benime pine rihte and pine riche, cwikliehe anon riht leie heom to grunde, and iwin al pat lond, and sete hit Gordoille an hond, pat }eo hit alle habbe after pine dai^e. peos word seide Aganippus and Leir pe dude pus ; and al he ....pte ase his frend him tahte. To pisse londe he com mid his leofue dohter; he gripede mid pan beste pat bouwe him wolde, and alle he gripede pat him widstode ; and al pis kine-lond biwan to his owe hond, and 3ef hit Gordoille, 180 FROM LAJAMON'S BRUT. pe wes Francene quene ; and hit ane stunde stod a pissene ilke. Leir king one leoden preo $er leouede ; pae com his ende-daei, pat pe king daed laei. Inne Leirchestre his dohter hine leide, inne lanies temple, al swa pe bac tellet, and Cordoille heold pis lond, mid habere strenSe, fulle fif }ere, quene heo wes here, pa while Francene king faeisiSe makede : and Cordoille com pat wourd pat heo was iworSen widewe. pa come pa tidende to Scottlondes kinge pat Aganippus was dead, Leir king idaeied, he sende purh Brittaine into Cornwaille, and hehte fane due stronge heri^en in suS londe, and he wolde bi noroen iahnien pa londa ; for hit was swupe mouchel scome, and ec swipe muchel grame, pat scholde a quene beon king in pisse londe, and heora sunen beon buten, Frencene cwene ; And Leir lifuede preo 3er par-after ; po com his lifues hende, pat no man ne mai atwende. Hine Leycestre his dohter hine leide, in Iaines his temple, ase pe bock tellep, and Gordoille heold pis lond, mid godere strengpe, fulle fif }er, cwene }eo was here, pe wile Frencene king veisip makede : and Gordoille com pat word pat }eo was widewe iworpe. Come pe tidinge to Scotlondes kinge pat Aganippus was dead, Gordoilles louerd, he sende porh Britaine into Cornwale, and hehte pane duk stronge werri in sup londe, and he wolde bi norpe an pat lond awinne ; for hit was swipe mochel same, [grame. and eke hit was mochel pat a cwene solde be king in pisse londe, and hire sones beo boute, FROM LA3AMON'S BRUT. 181 pa wcren hire betren, of pan aldre sustren, pa pa aeftelen sulden habben : Nule we hit na more ipolien ; al )>at londwe wulleS habben. Heo bigunnen werre, panne com on west: and pere quene sust 9 sunen sumneden ferde : pat beop hire betere : Nolle we na more hit ipo... .. wollep habbe pat lond. Hii bigonne werri, to mochele roupe ; and pe twei sostrene sones somnede verde, [pus, heo nomen weren ihaten pus, hire names weren icleoped Morgan and Cunedagius. Morgan and Cunadegius. Ofte heo ledden ferde, ofte heo fuhten, ofte heo weren buuenne, and ofte binooen ; pat com at pan laste pat heo wes aire leofust ; pe Bruttes heo sloven, Cordoille heo nomen ; heo duden heo in quarterne, in ane quale-huse : heo werSede heore moddri mare pene heo sulden, Oft hi ladde ferde, ofte hii fuhte, ofte hii were bofe, and ofte hii weren bineope ; po com at pan laste pat pm was leuest ; pat Bruttes hii sloven, and Gordoille hii nemen ; hii wreppede hire moddri, more pane hii solde, patpeowimmanwasswawroS, pat pe womman was so wrop, pat hire sculuen heo was la<5 ; pat hire seolue $eo was lop; heo nom enne longne cnif, teo nam anne longe cnif, and binom hire seoluen pat binam hire owene lif. lif. pat wes an uuel raad pat hire suluen makede dead. peo wes al pis kine-lond po was al pis kine-lond an Morgan and Cunedagies in Morgan and Cunages his 3 heond. hond. a r. Cunadegies. 182 FROM THE ORMULUM. The Author to his Brother. Nu, broperr Wallterr, broperr min affterr ]>e flaeshess kinde ; and bro]>err min i Crisstenndom Jrarrh fulluhht and purrh trowwpe ; and broperr rain i Godess hus, }ett o ]>e }>ridde wise, Jrarrh }>att witt hafenn takenn ba an re3hell-boc to foll^henn, vnnderr kanunnkess had and lif, svva suram Sannt Awwstin sette : ice hafe don swa suinra ]ra badd, and forpeddte pin wille, ice hafe wennd inntill Ennglissh goddspelless hall^he lare, affter }>att little witt tatt me min Drihhtin hafe]?]) lenedd. pu pohhtesst tatt ice mihhte wel till mikell frame turrnenn, }iff Ennglissh follk, forr lufe off Crist, itt wollde }erne lernenn, and fol^henn itt and fillenn itt wipp J)ohht wipp word wi)>]> dede ; and forrpi ^errndesst tu ]>att ice Jnss werrc J>e shollde wirrkenn ; and ice itt hafe forpeddte, ace all furrh Cristess hellpe; and unnc birr)? ba]>e pannkenn Crist }>att itt iss brohht till ende. FROM THE ORMULUM. 183 Ice hafe sammnedd o piss boc pa goddspelless neh alle, patt sinndenn o pe messeboc; inn all pe }er att messe. And a?? affterr pe goddspell stant patt tatt te goddspell menepp, patt mann birrp spellenn to pe folic off pe^re sawle nede, and $et taer tekenn mare inoh pu shallt tasronne findenn, off patt tatt Cristess hall^he fed birrf trow wen n wel and foll$henn. Ic hafe sett her o piss boc, amang goddspelless wordess, all purrh me sellfenn, manig word pe rime swa to fillenn ; ace pu shallt findenn patt min word, e^whaer peer itt iss ekedd, majj hellpenn pa patt redenn itt to sen and tunnderrstanndenn all pess te bettre hu pe^m birrp pe goddspell unnderrstanndenn ; and forrpi trowwe ice patt te birrp wel polenn mine wordess, e^whaer paar pu shallt finndenn hemm amang goddspelless wordess ; forr whase mot to laewedd folic larspell off goddspell tellenn, he mot wel ekenn manij word amang goddspelless wordess. And ice ne mihhte nohht min ferrs a $3 w i] 5 } ) goddspelless wordess 18* FROM THE ORMULUM. wel fillenn all, and all forrpi shollde ice well offte nede amang goddspelless wordess don rain word, min ferrs to fillenn. And te bitaeche ice off piss boc heh wikenn alls itt seme)))), all to purrhsekenn illc an ferrs, and to purrhlokenn offte, patt upponn all piss boc ne be nan word 3aen Cristess lare, nan word tatt swipe wel ne be to trowwenn and to fol^henn. Witt shulenn tredenn unnderrfot and all pwerrt ut forrwerrpenn pe dom off all patt lape flocc Jjatt iss purrh nip forrblendedd, patt tselepp patt to lofenn iss, purrh nipfull modi^nesse. pe^ shulenn laetenn haepeli} off unnkerr swinnc, lef broperr ; and all pe}} shulenn takenn itt onn unnitt and onn idell ; ace nohht purrh skill, ace all purrh nip, and all purrh pe^re sinne. And unnc birrp biddenn Godd tatt he forr^ife hemra here sinne ; and unnc birrp bape lofenn Godd off patt itt wass bigunnenn, and pannkenn Godd tatt itt iss brohht till ende, purrh hiss hellpe ; forr itt ma}} hellpenn alle pa patt blipelike itt herenn, FROM THE ORMULUM. 185 and lufenn itt, and folljhenn itt wi]>]> J)ohlit wi])j) word wip]) dede. And whase wilenn shall piss boc efft operr sipe writenn, himm bidde ice J»att het write rihht, swa sumrn piss boc himm taechepp, all ])werrt ut afFterr patt itt iss uppo ]>iss firrste bisne, \vij>|> all swillc rime alls her iss sett, wipp all se fele wordess ; and tatt he loke wel patt he an bokstaff write twi^ess e^whaer paer itt uppo piss boc iss writen o patt wise ; loke he well patt het write swa, forr he ne ma^j nohht elless on Ennglissh writenn rihht te word, patt witt he wel to sope. And }ifF mann wile witenn whi ice hafe don piss dede, whi ice till Ennglissh hafe wennd goddspelless hall^he lare ; ice hafe itt don forrpi patt all crisstene follkess berrhless iss lang uppo patt an, patt te^ goddspelless hall^he lare wipp fulle mahhte folldie rihht, purrh )>ohht purrh word purrh dede. Ice patt piss Ennglissh hafe sett Ennglisshemenn to lare, 186 FROM THE ORMULUM. ic wass, paer paer i crisstnedd wass, Orrmin bi name nemranedd : and ice Orrmin full innwarrdli}, wipp mup and ec \vij))> herrte, her bidde pa Crisstene menn patt herenn operr redenn J>is boc, heram bidde ice her patt te^ forr me piss bede biddenn — patt broperr patt piss Ennglissh writt allra?resst wrat and wrohhte, patt broperr, forr his swinnc to lsen, sop blisse mote findenn. Amen. piss boc iss nemmnedd Orrmulum, forrpi patt Orrm itt wrohhte : and itt iss wrohht off quapprigan, off goddspell-bokes fowwre The Song of Simeon. L^;t nu, Drihhtin, laet nu pin peoww vt off piss weorelld vvendenn, wipp gripp, swa summ pu me bihet, laet me nu newenn swelltenn ; forr her i seo full witerrii} pin Haelennd Crist onn eorpe, patt purrh pin are ^arrkedd iss biforenn alle peode ; till haspenn peode lihht and leom off eche rihhtwisnesse, and till piss Iudewisshe folic wurrpshipe and eche wullderr. FROM THE ORMULUM. 187 The Marriage of Cana. Uppo ]>e ]>ridde da^ bilammp, swa summ pe goddspell kipepj?, fatt i }>e land o Galile wass an bridale jarrkedd ; and itt wass 3arrkedd inn an tun j>att wass Cana gehatenn : and Cristess moderr Mane wass att tatt bridaless saete; and Crist was clepedd till }>att bus wij'J) bise lerninng-cnihhtess. And te^re win was drunnkenn swa prett taer nass ]>a na mare ; and Cristess moderr conim till Crist, and se^de himm ]nis wi]>}> worde : piss win iss drunnkenn to }>e grund, and niss her nu na mare. And ure Laferrd Iesu Crist puss se3^de till hiss moderr : What fallep]> piss till me wi]>p pe, wifmann, piss patt tu maelesst ? Abid, abid, wifmann abid, ne comm nohht }et min time. And Saunte Mar$e $ede anan, and se^de to pe birrless : Do)) patt tatt he shall biddenn $uw, ne be je nohht taergaeness. pe^? haffdenn sexe fetless paer, att tatt bridaless saete, patt waerenn, summ pe goddspell se^p, sexe stanene fetless, 188 FROM THE ORMULUM. swillke suram ]>att Iudisskenn folic was wunedd, i ]>att time, to wasshenn offe )>e^re lie, to clennsenn hemm ]>att wise ; and twafalld oJ>err ]>refalld raett }>a fetless alle tokenn ; and Crist badd tatt te^ shollden gan and fillenn pe^re fetless wi})}> waterr, and te^ ^edenn till and didenn ]>att he se^de, and filledenn upp till ]>e brerd wi)>]> waterr ]>etfre fetless. And Crist ta se^de Jmss till hemm : Ga]j till wi})}> $ure cuppess, and lade]))) upp, and bere])J> itt till pallderrmann onn haefedd. And te$} ]>a didenn ])att he badd, and bserenn ]?a to clrinnkenn }>att haefedd-mann ])att he^hesst wass att tatt bridale settledd : and he toe sone and drannc )>att win patt wass off waterr wurrpenn, and nisste he nohht whaaroffe itt wass ; ace wel }>e birrless wisstenn, patt haffdenn rihht ta ladenn upp J>e waterr off ))a fetless. And he badd clepenn J)a till himm, son summ he drunnkenn haffde, J>att mann ])att taer bridgume wass att tatt bridaless saste ; and son se patt bridgume comm patt allderrmann himm se^de : Illc mann firrst brinnge]>}> forj) god win, and si})})en he biginne))J) FROM THE ORMULUM. 189 to brinngenn for)> summ werrse win, son summ ]>c folic iss drunnkenn ; and tu ]>e gode win till nu as}} hatesst hidd and haldenn. piss taken wrohhte Jesu Crist pe firrste off hise tacness, i Galile rihht i J>att tun |>att wass Cana jehatenn ; and tuss he toe to shaawenn }>aer hiss goddcunndnessess mahhte, and hise lerrninng-cnihhtess J>aer tokenn onn himni to lefenn, purrh J>att te^ saedienn paere inn hirara Allmahhti} Godess mahhte. Her endej>)> nu jnss goddspell )mss, and uss bin}; itt Jmrrhsekenn, to lokenn whatt itt Iaere}>)> uss off u re sawle nede : ... etc. 190 DECLENSIONS OF NOUNS-SUBSTANTIVE ACCORDING TO RASK. (See Anglo-Saxon Grammar, p. 28.) SIMPLE ORDER, or Declension I. r ■ 1. Neut. '. Masc. 3. Fern. Singular. Nora. -e -a -e Gen. -an -an -an Dat. & Abl. -an -an -an Ace. -e -an -an i V Plural. Nom. & Ace. Gen. Dat. & Abl. -an -ena -um COMPLEX ORDER. Declension II Declension III. A A 1 1. Neut. 2. Masc. £ . Fem. ( 1. Neut. 2. Masc. 3. Fem. Sing. Nom. ,, „ (-e) >> „ (-e) -u -U Gen. -es -es -e -es -a -e Dat. & Abl. -e -e -e -e -a -e Ace. ,, „ (-e) -e „ (-e) u -e Plur. Nom. & Ace. „ -as -a -u -a -a Gen -a -a -a -a (-ena) -a (-ena) -ena Dat. & Abl. -um -um -um -um -um -um Note. All nouns in -a are of the First Declension Masculine Gender (I. 2.). All in -scype (-scipe), -had and -drim, are of the Second Declension Masculine (II. 2.). Those in -ung and those in -nes (-nis, -nys) are of the Second Declension Feminiue (II. 3.). 191 GLOSSARY. ABBREVIATIONS. E. Augl. = East Anglian, Goth. = Gothic, Nor. = Northumhrian, Ohg.*= Old High German, Olg. =01d Low German, O.N. = 01d Norse or Icelandic, O.S. = Old-Saxon. N.B. Words with the prefix Ge (or I) are placed in the order of their roots. Words to which an ohelisk is prefixed are Semi-Saxon, from Lajamon and the Ormulum. t A, a, one. A, aa, ever, always. f A, in. Abacan, pret. aboc, to bake. Abbod, U. 2. abbot. Abbudisse, abbess. fAbed (abad), abode. Abeodan, pret. abead, 2 abude, pi. abudon, to an- nounce. Abfdan, pret. abad, pi. abi- don, to abide, await. Abiddan,pret. abaed, to pray for. Abftan, pret. abat, to bite, devour. Ablinnan, to cease. See Blinnan. Abrecan, pret. abraac, pp. abrocen, to break, destroy. Abredan, pret. abroad, pi. abrudon, to draw. See Abregdan. Abregdan, pret. abraegde, subj. abrugde (abrude), to take away, snatcli, draw (a sword). Abreo3an,fo perish: abreo<5e his angin, may his pro- ceeding come to naught. Abryrdan, pp. abryrd, to touch, affect, move. Abudisse. See Abbudisse. Abugan, pret. abeah, pi. abugon, to bow, yield. Gr. 347. Abutan, about. Abyrgan, to taste. Ac, II. 3. oak. Ac, but, for, nam, enim. ■f Ac (eac), eke. Acennan, pp. acenned, to produce, bring forth, be- get. Acennednys, birth, genera- tion. 192 GLOSSARY. Aceorfan, pret. acearf, to cut, cut off. Acsian, 1 to ask, inquire, Axian, > be informed,hear (jeaxian, J say, inquire after. Gov. gen. of the thing. Acunnian, to tempt, prove. Acwecan, pret. acwehte, to s/iake, brandish. Acwelan, 3 acwylS, pret. acwael, to die, perish. Acwellan, pret. acwealde, to kill, destroy. Acwencan, to quench, extin- guish, destroy. Acweoan. See Cweoan. Ad, II. 2. pile. Addre. See iEddre. Adeaw, Nor. for aetyw. Ademan, pret. ademede (adtfmde), to judge, try, adjudge. Adilgian, to destroy, oblite- rate, eradicate. Adl, II. 1, 3. disease. Adlig, diseased, sick, ill. Addn, to destroy. See Don. Adr&dan, pret. adred, to dread, fear. It occurs sometimes both with an accus. and a dat. of the agent. Adraefan, to drive out, expel, banish. Adreogan, pret. adreag, pi. adrugon, to bear, suffer, lead (life). Adrincan, pret. adranc, pi. adruncon, to be drowned; adruncen, drowned. Ger. Ertrinken. Adruwian, pp. adruwod, to dry up. Adumbian, to be dumb, si- lent. Adune, down. Adunweard, downward. Adwaescan, to quench, extin- guish, assuage. JE, II. 3. law. Gr. 85. fvE, at, in. JEcer, II. 2. field, acre, ager. iEddre, I. 3. vein. Ger. Ader. JEdre, forthwith, suddenly. iEfen, II. 2. even, evening, the service for sunset, ves- pers. Ger. Abend. Dan. Aften. Creaefenlascan, pret. -laehte, to imitate. iEfen-song, II. 2. even-song, vespers. iEfen-tfd, II. 3. even-tide. Ger. Abendzeit. Dan.Af- tentid. iEfen-tfma, eventide. iEfest, religious. ^Efestnes, religion. TEfnung, evening. JEfve, ever, always. JEft, i. q. eft. iEfter, next, following, se- cond. ^Efter, after, according to, secundum : aefter rihte, according to right, rightly, (Dan. .^Zifter,) — along, secundum, per. aefter ben- cum, along the benches or tables, or from bench to bench. GLOSSARY. 193 iEfter-fyligan, to follow, suc- ceed. /Eftergenga, successor. yEg. III. 1. egg, pi. cegru. Gr. 90. Colloq. Monast. aegra,like cildra forcildru. iEghwaer, everyivhere. /Eghwa;J>er, either, both. /Eghwanon, from every side. /Eghwylc, every one. iEgoer, either, both, used with ge — ge, like the Lat. turn — cum. JEht, II. 3. possession, sub- stance. From agan. /Eh-py rl, 1 1 1. 1 . eye-hole, ivin- dow. yEker. See /Ecer. /El, aiol. Ml, 11. 2. eel. JE\, i. q. eal. JE\c, each, every, any. fJE\d (yldo), age. f/Eldede (eahlode), greio old; from ealdian. f/Eldere (ealdor), prince, chief. /Eldrynae. E. Angl. for ealdra. JEle. See Ele. /Eleputa, celpout, Jolthead, capito. .ElfemuSa, the Elbe. /Elfremed, foreign. /Elf-scihu, elfin-bright. Gr. 122. /Elic, lawful. JElmes-maxi,111.2.almsman. .Ehnham, Elmham, in JYor- folk ; formerly a bishop's see, which was thence transferred to Thetford, and from the latter place to Norwich. /Elmihtig, almighty. /Elmysse, I. 3. alms. /Etyeodig, foreign, strange, abroad, peregre. /Emenne, desolate. /Emod, downcast, disheart- ened. Creaemtian, to empty. iEmtig, empty, void, idle. /Ene, at once, semel. f/Ene (ana), alone, only. /Enig, any. /Enlic, unique, incompa- rable. /Enlice, decently. /Enlipig, single, indivi- dual. /Enne, aec. masc. of an. Gr. 170. /Eppelbaer, apple-bearing, fruit-bearing, pomifer. f/Er (iir), messenger. /Er, II. 1. brass. /Er, ere, erst, before, former, early. /Erbenuma. E. Angl. for yrfenuma. /Erdon, hurried; apparently from a verb cognate with ardlic. /Erend, II. 3. "1 errand, /Erende, III. I.jf message, command. /Erend-raca, messenger. /Erest, first, erst; from aer. Gr.51. /Erfaest, pious. iErfaestnes, piety. 194- GLOSSARY. TErfe, erfe, III. 1. successioti, haereditas. /Erian, erian, to plough ; aeriende for aerigenne. ^Ering, dawn. .Erist, aeryst, II. 2. rising, resurrection. ^Er-merigen, 1 II. 2. early iErne-mergen, J morn, daivn. iErnan, i. q.yrnan. G^aernan, to get by run- ning. JErra, former. f^Eruu, timid, downcast, sad. JEv\>am, 1 ere that, ante- jErj>on, / quam. JEs, II. 1. dead carcass, car- rion. Ger. Aas. JEs, bait, esca. iEsc, II. 2. light swift vessel, dromo. JEsc, II. 2. ash, ashen-spear. JEsc-here, II. 2. naval band. TEsc-holt, II. 1. ash-wood, shaft of a spear. iEsc-plega, ash-(\.e. spear-), play, battle. j^Esc-rof, spear-famed. iEstanbrok, probably the stream now called East- brook, from being on the east side of the town of Hunstanton, and which now runs into the moat of Hunstanton Hall. — R. T. JVA, II. 2. food. JEt, at, by, near, from, of, apud, coram. i^Etberstan, pret. -bagrst, to escape. coram. TEtbredan, pret. -braed, pp. -broden, to withdraw, take away. TEteowian. See Ateowian. iEtf'eolan, pret. -fealh, to at- tend to, dedicate, apply. vEtfleon, to flee from, escape. See Fleon. iEtforan, ] , ~ JEtfore, \ be f° re > jEtfore-sceawian, to pro- vide. ^Etgaedere, at the same time. iEthrihan. See Hnnan. iEthwegu, something, some- what. ^Etlutian, to lie hidden, lurk. iEtsomne, together. iEtspornan, 3 -spyrnS, pret. -spearn, pi. -spurnon, to spurn, kick. Gr. 24-2. yEtstandan, to stay, remain. See Standan. iEtterne, ~] envenomed, ve- iEttrig, > nomous, poi- iEttryn, J sonous. iEtwesan, to be present, ex- ist. jEtwindan, pret. -wand, pi. -wundon, to fly away, escape. iEtwitan,to twit, reproach. iEtywan. See Ateowian. JEw, II. 3. wife. iEwellm, II. 2. \ spring, iEwylm, J fountain. JEx, II. 3. axe. iE)>elboren, noble-born. iEpelborennys, nobility of birth. vE]'ele, noble. GLOSSARY. 195 f/aefieled (geaeoeled), nobly treated, honoured? f ./E'Selen (a:]>elu) : on aeoe- len, among his nobility. f TEpelen, country? dignity! p. 181, line 3. vEj>eling, II. 2. (from a;]>ele, noble,) prince. 7*Ej>ellice, nobly. M\>e\o, aspelu, III. 3- nobility. Creaeftryttan, to weary. ^E'Sung, a'fiung, breath. Afa'ndian, to prove, try. Afaran, to go. See Fa ran. Afdrede. See Apdrede. Af'eallan. See Feallan. fAfeared. See Af'ered. Afedan, i. q. fedan. Afeng. See Afon. Afeorin ian , to cleanse, purge. Afered, afraid, affrighted. f Afest (haefst), hast. Afligan, to drive away, put to flight. Aflyman, to put to flight, to rout. Afon, to receive. See Fon, and Gr. 234. A for. See Afaran. A for, hateful, loathsome. Afyllan, to fill. Afyrht, affrighted. Afvrhtian, to affright. Afyrran, to remove, cut off, /(/he away. Af'ysan, to hurry, hasten, rush. AfSonc?! . AfSonea,p mmwce? Agan, pret. ahte, to possess, own, have. Gr. 218. Agan, gone. Agelan, for agaelan, to hin- der. Agen, own, jirivate. A gen, against, towards. Agen, again, bach. Agen-gehweorfan, to return. Agen-laklan, to lead bach. See Laklan. Agennys, property, peculi- arity. Ageotan, 3 agyt, pret. ageat (aget), pi. aguton, to shed, pour, exhaust, drain. fAgg (eac), eke, also. Agffan, to give, deliver. See Gffan. (^eagnian, to appropriate. Agyldan. See Gildan. Agyltan, to sin. Ah. See Agan. fAh (ac), but. Ahafen. See Ahebban. Ahebban, 3 ahefft, pret. ahof, pp. ahafen, to heave, lift, raise. Ahleapan, pret. ahleop, to leap, rush on. fAhliee (heahlice), nobly? t/ahnien (geahnian), to ap- propriate. Ahon, 3 ahehS, pret. aheng, to hang ; act. Gr. 234. Ahongen, ahangen. See Ahon. Ahraecan, pret. ahraehte, to reach. Ahreddan, to save, rescue, redeem. Ahsian, axian. 1 See Geahsian,^eaxian. J Acsian. k 2 196 GLOSSARY. Aht, aught. Ahte. See Agan. Ahydan, to hide. Ahyrian, to hire. Aidlian, to render vain. Aker, E. Angl. for aecer. Alaedan, to lead away, lead up. -fAlde (healde), hold! Aldor. See Ealdor. Aldor, II. 3. life. See Eal- dor. Alecgan, to lay, suppress, destroy. See Lecgan. Alede. See Alecgan. Alefed, famed, crippled. Alegon, for alugon (p. 152, 1. 25), from aleogan, to belie, be wanting in ? Gealgian, to defend. f Alliisund, all sound, or ivell. Alihtan, to alight. fAllraeresst (ealra derest), first of all. -f-Alls, as. Allungae, E. Angl. for eall- unga. Almihtigfe, for aelmihtigan. Aldten, boioed, promts, opp. to upriht ; from alutan, to bow, etc. fAlpie (anlipig), single. Alpis, the Alps. fAlse (al stva), all as, as. Alvvalda, All-swaying, Al- mighty. Alyfan, to alloiv. Alysan, to redeem, free. Alysednes, redemption. See Alysan. Alysend, II. 2. Redeemer. Gr. 118. Amansumian, to excommu- nicate. Amber, II. 2. a certain vessel or measure. Amby vx\e,favourable(wind). Ameldian, to inform, an- nounce. Ger. melden. Ametan, pret. amette, pp. amet and ameten, to mete, measure. Ampulle, I. 3. bottle, am- pulla. Amyrran, to hinder, waste, destroy, consume, disable. An, one, a, only, alone ; for an,0ft/y,tantum,duntaxat. Gean. See Geunnan. Ana, adv., alone, only. fAnan, anon. Anbfdan, ] pret. -bad, pi. Geanbfdan, / -bidon, to abide, await, expect. Anbfdian, Ge&nhu Anbyht-scealc, II. 2. servant, attendant. Goth. And- bahts, Ger. Amt, Dan. Embed, an office, employ- ment, and Ger. Schalk. An-cenned, only -begotten, unigenitus. Ancer-lff, II. 1. anchoretic life. Ancer-setl, III. 1. hermit- age. An era, anchorite. And, and. An da, envy, jealousy, ran- cour, hate. an, "1 . fdian, / q. anbfdan. GLOSSARY. 197 to confess. Gr. 208. Andaettan, Andettan, 6reandettan, Andbi'dan. See Anbfdan. Andefn, worth. Andetnys, confession. Andfenga, receiver. Andgyt, II. 1. sense, signifi- cation, understanding. Andlang, along, through, per. On andlang, at length. Andlfcnis. See Anhcnys. Andraed. See AnraM. Andrysne, terrible, formida- ble. /andsvvsered, E. Angl. for geandswarod. Andswarian, to answer. Andswaru, III. 3. answer. Andwealcan, pret. -weolc, to roll. Andweard, 1 Andwerd, ]P resent ' Andweardnys, ] . , i J > presence. Andwerdnys, J l Andvveorc, II. 1. matter, sub- stance. A n d w 1 it a , face, co u ntenance. Ger. Antlitz. Andwyrdan, to answer. Andwyrde, III. 1. answer. Ane, for ana. fAne, a, an, one. Anleald, one-fold, simple. Anlcaldlice, simply, singly. An fun, to receive, compre- hend. See Fon. Aura gehwylc, every. Angel-cynn, III. 1. English nation. Angel, II. 2. hook. An gin, angyn, III. 1. enter- prise, act, beginning. Angle, the country between Flensburg and the Schley; whence the Angles came to Britain. Angol, pi. Angle, II. 2. En- glishman, England ? Amman, to take. See Nf- man. Aninga, alone, only, prorsus. Geanlaecan, pret. -laehte, to unite. (reanlfcian, to liken. Anhcnys, likeness. Anlipi (anlipig). See JEn- lipig. Anmodlic, unanimous. Anmudlicc, unanimously, simply. Annys, linnis, oneness, unity. fAnomen (namon), took. Anon, for annul. Anrakl, constant, firm, reso- lute ; anraede, constantly, etc. AnraMnys, constancy, firm- ness. Apst&ndende,standing alone, solitary. Ansund, sound, whole. Ansyn, II. 3. face, counte- nance, external appear- ance, mediation. Dan. Onsyn. Ant, for and. Antimber, II. 1. matter, sub- stance. Anweald, I. 2. power. Anweardnys. See And- weardnys. 198 GLOSSARY. Creanwyrde beon, to be pro- fessed. AnoYacian, to dread, feel horror. Apdrede, the Obotritce, a Slavish nation to the north of the Old- Saxons, in- habiting the western and the greater part of Meck- lenburg. Apostol, II. 2. apostle. Apostolic, apostolic. Ar, II. 2. messenger. Ar, II. 3. honour, respect, benefit, wealth, mercy, pity ; are witan, to have pity. Aruecan, pret. araehte, to re- late. A r a? ran, to rear up, erect, establish. Aroesan, to rush. Arcebisceop, II. 2. arch- bishop. Aree-stol, 1 II. 2. archiepi- Archi-stol, J scopal see. Ardlice, forthwith, soon. fAre (ar), mercy. t Are (itnre), for, or to a. Areccan. See Recean. Arena, gen. pi. of ar, mercy, etc. Aretan, to gladden, exhila- rate. Arewe, I. 3 ? arrow. Arfaest, holy, pious. Arfaestlice, piously, merci- fully. Arfsestnys, arfsestnes, piety, clemency, uprightness, ho- nesty, reverence. Arian, "1 to honour, com- Crearian, j passionate, spare. Arfman, to count, tell over, repeat. Arfsan, pret. aras, to arise. Gr. 192, 24-7. fArle, for aire (ealra), of all. Arleas, base, wicked, impious. Arn. See Yrnan. Gearnung, desert, merit. A rod, pp. of arian. Ar-smifi, II. 2. brazier. ArwurSe, venerable, reve- rend. G-'earwurSian, to honour, re- vere. Asawan. See Sawan. Asceacan, pret. asceoc, to shake, brandish. Ascreadian, to prune, lop. Ascrepan, pret. ascrsep, to scrape off. Ascitnian, to shun, avoid. Asecgan,to express, tell. See Secgan. Asendan, to send. See Send- an. Aseoftan, pret. aseaS, pp. asdden, to boil, scorch, fret, vex. Gr. 251. Asettan, to set, place. Asingan. See Singan. Aslfdan, to slide, slip, err. Asmeagan, "1 to contemplate, Asmean, J investigate, imagine. Asoden. See AseoSan. Aspanan, pret. aspedn (aspon), pp. asponnen, to entice. Gr. 87. GLOSSARY. 199 Aspendan, to spend, distri- bute. Aspringan, pret. asprang, plur. asprungon, to sprint/ up. Assa, ass. Asse, site-ass. Astellan, pret. astealde, to set up, establish, confirm. Astfgan, 3 astdio', pret. astah (astag), pi. astigon, to go, proceed, step, mount. See Stfgan. Astfgie, for astfge. Astirian, to stir, move. Astreean, 1 pret. astrehte, Astreccati,/ to stretch, stretch out, st retell forth, extend, prostrate : ast reh t- ura hand-bredum, with outstretch t palms. Aswefian, to put to sleep, slag, sopire. Aswfcan, to decrease, cease. See Swfcan. At, for aet. Atelice, horribly. Ateun, to draw from. See Teon. Ateorian, to faint, fail. Ateowan, ~\ to appear, re- Ateowian, > veal, disclose, Atywian, J show, manifest. Atimbrian. See Timbrian. tAtleden(aBtlaedan), to carry off, withdraw. Atol, foul, horrid, hateful, dire. Atter, ater, III. 1. poison. Atuge. See Ateon. fAtwa, atvvo, in two. tAtwaildon (wealdan), to rule, manage. fAtwende, to avert. fAtyr, attire. Atywian. See Ateowian. fAuere (aefre), ever. Aulixes, Ulysses. Awa, ever ; awa to aldre, for evermore. Awacan, pret. awoc, to spring, be born. fAwal, on the wall: gan awal, to go on the wall. Awarian, pp. awariged, to curse. E. Angl. for vvy- rian. Aweccan, aweccean, pret. awehte, pp. aweht, to awaken, raise up. Awecgan, to move, excite, provoke. Awedan, pret. awedde, to become mad, rage. Aweg, away. Awegan, to weigh. Aw eg-gewiten, passed away. See Gewftan. Aweht. 1 . . , , > See Aweccan. Awehte. J Awendan, to go, turn, avert, translate, change. Gr. 208. Aweorpan, 3 p. he awyrpft, pret. awearp, pi. awurpon, pp. aworpen, to cast, throic, cast away. Awestan, to waste, lay waste; awest, deserted, desolate. Awiht, aught. fAwilde (awyldan), i. q. at- wailden. Awildian, to grow wild. '200 GLOSSARY. Aworpen. See Aweorpan. Awiigan, pret. awrah, pi. awrigon, to reveal, disclose. Gr. 247. Awrigenes, revelation, illu- mination. Awrftan, to write, record. See Wrftan. Awurpan, to cast away, cast dovm. See Aweorpan. Awyllan, pret. weoll, to boil. Awyrdan, to corrupt, injure. Avvyrgian. See Wyrian. Axan, ashes, cinders. tAxeden (axodon), ashed, inquired ; from axiari. Axian. See Acsian. GVaxian, to hear, learn. tAj>ele (sej^elo), nobility, poiver. Aj'enean, to devise, find out. See Dencan. A}>enian, to stretch out, pro- strate ; a]>enedon (a)>ene- dum ) earmon (earmum), with outstretcht arms. A]H>r, either. tA]>incheo\ See Of]>inche$. Ajn'owian, to suffer. A8-s\verung, oath-swearing. Apurn, II. 2. son-in-law. B. Ba, gen. begra, dat. bain, both. Gr. 17 1. fBac (bee), books. Base, back ; over-baec, back- ward ; on -base, behind. Baecbord, II. 1. larboard. Baecere. II. 2. baker. Baeftan, i. q. beaeftan. Ba?g<5ware, the Bavarians. Baelc, pride. Bder, bier, bed. G'ebaaran, to conduct one-self, se gerere. Barman, bearer, carrier. See Man. fBaid (bed), bed. Baldlice, boldly. Baldor (Bealdor), ll.Z.chief Bam. See Ba. Ban, II. 1. bone: pi. bana, p. 115, 1. 25. Bana, bane, slayer, murderer. O.N. bana, to kill. Bar, II. 2. hoar. fBare, bare. fBatueie (batwa), both. Batwa, both. Dan. begge to. fBafe, both. fBaSie (ba)nan), to bathe. Be, by, at, of, concerning, according to, de. Beacen, III. 1. beacon, sign. Beacuian, to beckon, make a sign. Bead. See Beodan. Beadon, for baedon. Beado-rinc, II. 2. warrior. Beadu, III. 1. war, battle; beadu-ites, rush of battle, onset. Hence the proper name Beadowulf contr. Beowulf. Beaeftan, behind. Beah, beag, II. 2. bracelet, armlet, ring, diadem. Beah. See Bugan. Beah-gffa, bracelet-giver ; epithet of a chief. GLOSSARY. '201 Beah-hrdden, adorned with bracelets. See Cod. Exon. p. 331, 1. 26, and note. Bealcettan, to belch, give forth. Beald, bold, audacious ; mid bealde, boldly, audacious- ly. Bealoful, baleful, execrable. Bealu, III. 1. bale, injury, mischief. Beam, II. 2. beam,tree, pillar. Bean, II. 3. bean. Bearhtm,II. 2. instant, twink- ling. Bearm, II. 2? bosom. Dan. Barm. Beam, II. 1. child. Scot. Bairn, Dan. & O. S. Barn. Beatan, pret beot, to beat. Bebeodan, to command, com- mend, intrust, commit: ]?a bebodenan, those intrusted. See Forbeodan. Bebiade, E. Angl. for be- beode. Bebod, III. 1. commandment, order. Bebugan, i. q. onbugan. Bebyrgian, bebyrigan, to bury. Bebyt, 3 p. sing. pres. from bebeodan. Becuman, to come, happen, seize on, befall. See Cu- man. Bed, II. I. bed. Gebed, III. 1. prayer. Ger. Gebet. Hence our word bead. BedaJlan, to deprive. Bedaele. partly, but little, paullum ? fBede (gebed), prayer. Ger. Gebet. Bed-hits, 1 II. 1. house of Gebed-hus, J prayer, ora- tory. Bediglian, to hide, keep se- cret- Bed-rest, II. 3. bed, couch. Bedrftan, to drive. See Drffan. Bedydrian, to deceive, en- chant. Bedypan, to bedip, dip. Beeode. See Began. Befangen. See Befon. Befeallan, to fall. Beferan, to go over, travel over. By the prefix be, the neuter verb is render- ed active, as in German, faliren and belahren. Befon, to contain, compre- hend, clothe. See Fon and Onfdn. Beforan, before. Gr. 409. Befrfnan, pret. -fran, pi. -frunon, to ask, inquire, interrogate. Gr. 242. Began, begangan, pret. -eode, to exercise, go over, culti- vate, till, observe, apply to. Begea, for begra. See Ba. Begen, both. Begeondan, beyond. Begeotan, 3 -gyt, pret. -geat, pi. -guton, to sprinkle, moisten. Gr. 250. Beging, for bigung, bowing, bending. k5 '202 GLOSSARY. Beginnan, pret. -gan, pi. Belfden, deprived. See -gunnon, to begin. Grimm, And. and El. p. Begra, 1 , «, r 125. Beigra, J *> e J " P * " Belffan, pret. -laf. pi. -lifon, Begrynian, to ensnare. to remain. Begytan, pret. -geat, to beget, Belimpan, pret. -lamp, pi. obtain. -lumpon, to happen, be- Behat, II. 1. promise. long to, have reference to, Behatan, pret. -het, to pro- conduce. mise. Belle, I. 3. bell. Beheafdian, to behead. Beldge. See Belean. Behealdan, 3 -hylt, pret. Belucan, pret. beleac, pi. -heold, to behold, see, ob- -lucon, pp. ldcen, to lock, serve, mind. shut up, inclose. Behef'e, needful, useful. Beme, the Bohemians. Behelan, to cover, hide. fBeme (by me), trumpet. Behofian, to behove, require. Ben, II. 3. prayer. Dan. Gov. gen. of thing. Bon. l'iehYeo\xs\hn,toberue,repe?it. Ben^eman, i. q. benfman. Behreowsung, repentance- Bene, II. 3. bench, table. Behwyrfan, to apply, exer- Benc-sittende, sitting on cise. benches, or at table. Gr. Beliydan, to hide, conceal. 1 1 8. # Behydilice, heedfully, anx- Bend, II. 2, II. 3 ? band, iously. cord. BehS, token, sign, proof '? Benfman, to take away, de- Beladung, excuse, apology, prive of. See Niman. justification. Beo, I. 3. bee; gen. pi. beona. Belaifan, to leave, from belf- Beo, imperative of wesan. fan. Gr.347. Gr.233. Belsewan, to betray. Beod, II. 2. table. Beleaf, for belaf. See Belf- Beodan, pret. bead, 2 bude, fan. to command, enjoin. Gr. Btlean, pret.-loh,subj. -loge, 193. to reprehend. Beofian. See Bifian. Belewite, meek, mild. Beon, to be. See Wesan. G'ebelgan, 3 gebylgS, pret. Gr. 233. -bealh, pi. -bulgon, pp. Beorg, II. 2. mountain. -bolgen, to enrage, make Beorgan, 1 3 byrgS, pret. angry, be indignant. Gr. G'ebeorgan, / bearh, pi. 242. burgon, pp. borgen, to GLOSSARY. 203 save, secure, protect. Gr. 242. Gebeorg, III. 1 ? security, protection. Beorlit, bright ; beorht-blow- ende, brightly blowing. Beorhtnys,beorhtnes,6W0r&- ness. GeheorhMc, safe, secure. Beorma, barm, leaven. Beormas, the people inhabit- ing the country called Biarmaland, on the shores of the White Sea, east of the Dwina. Beorn, II. 2. chief, warrior. GVbeorscipe, convivial meet- ing, feast. Beot, threat, promise ; on beot, with threatening. Beoten, for beoton. See Beatan. Beotian, i to promise, Gebeotian, J vow, threaten. Beotlic, threatening. fBeoton (buton), save,except. Bepsecan, pret. beprehte, to deceive. Gr. 253. Beran, 3 p. he byrS, pret. baar, pp. boren, to bear, carry. Bere, II. 2. barley. Bera, bear. Bereafian, to bereave, rob. Beren, of bear s skin. Berende, bearing, fertile ; from beran. Bereowsung, i. q. Behreow- sung. Bergyls, II. 2 ? sepulchre. fBerman (barman), bearer. Bern, II. 1. i. e. bere- em, (from bere, barley, and ern or asm, house, place,) barn. fBerrhle (byrle), young man who serves wine at table, also, a young man in ge- neral ; from biiiian, hau- rire. Berstan, pret. baerst, pi. burston, to burst, break, split. Gr. 242. Berstan, to evade, escape from, i. q. setbserstan. Besargian, to condole with, compassionate. Beseeawian, to view, behold, contemplate. Ger. Be- schauen. Bescufan, 3 -scyfS, pret. -sceaf, pi. scufon, pp. -scofen, to shove, drive, impel. Beseah. See Beseon. Besencean, act., to sink. Besendan, i. q. sendan. Beseon, v. r. to look, look at, view. See Seon. Besettan, to place, set. Besittan, pret. -saet, to beset, surround; should gram- matically be besettan. Besmitan, pret. -smat, pi. -smiton, to pollute, defile. Besorgian, to sorrow for, grieve. Bespreean, to bespeak, de- clare. See Sprecan. Bestandan, to stand on or by, occupy. See Standan. Bestreowian, to bestrew. 204 GLOSSARY. Bestrfdan, pret. -strad, pi. -stridon, to bestride. Beswfcan, pret. -swac, pi. -swicon,fo deceive, entrap, betray. Beswincan, to labour. See Swincan. Beswingan, pret. -swang, pi. -swungon, pp. -swungen, to whip. Besyrian, to ensnare. Bet, better. Gr. p. 51. Beta?can, pret.-tsehte,fo take, deliver, intrust, commit. fBetake (beta^can), to de- liver, assign. Betan, "I to make good, 6r'ebetan, / amend, repair, compensate, become better. Beteon, to bequeath. See Teon. Betere, better. Gr. p. 51. Betweoh. See Betweox. Betweonan, between, among, interim. Betweox, Betwix, Bet\ Betw; Betwfhan. 1 See Betweo- Betwynan. J nan. Betynan, to close. See Tun. Beweddian, to wed, betroth. Bewend, turned, from wen- dan. Gr. 207. Beweorcan, to encompass. Beweorpan, 3 -wyrpfi, pret. -wearp, pi. -wurpon, pp. -worpen, to cast, beat. Bewepan, to bewail. See Wcpan. LW1X, twux, f twyx, J betwixt, among, in the midst. Bewe*rian, bewderian, to de- fend. Bewindan, to wind about, wrap, entwine. See Win- dan. Bevvftan, pres. -wat, pret. -wiste, to take care of, in- struct, act as tutor to. Gr. 218. BewrfSan. See Gewrfoan. Bewyrpan. See Beweor- pan. Be]>eaht. See Bef>eccan. Be])earfan, pres. ic -]>earf, pi. -purfon, pret. -forfte, to need. Be]>eccan, pret. -J>eahte, pp. -peaht, to bet hatch, bedeck, cover, protect. BeSian, to bathe, wash. Beporfte. See Be))earfan. Biburiged. See Bebyrgian. Bicgan, 1 pret. bohte, to Gebicgan, > buy, pay for. Bicgean, J Gr 214. Biclyppan, to embrace. Gebicnian, to beckon, show, indicate. Bicuman. See Becuman. Bida?lan, to deprive. Bfdan, "1 pret. bad, pi. bi- Gebfilan, j don, to abide, await, enjoy. Biddan, 1 3 bit, pret. bsed, GVbiddan, J pp. beden, to pray, bid, beg, beseech ; gov. gen. of thing. With refl. pron. to pray to, wor- ship. Bidytt, shut up ; from dyt- tan, to shut up. GLOSSARY. 205 Bifian, to tremble. Ger. be- ben. fBifullet, contr. for befeol hit. Big, i. q. be. Bigan. See Bicgan. Bfgan, "I to Geb\gax\, gebfgean, J bend, bow, incline, convert. Gr. 347. fBigge (bicgan), tobuy. Bigeng, 1 II. 2. tillage, cul- Biggeng, J ture, worship. Biggencere, II. 2. cultivator, operator. tBi^eteS(begyta'S), they be- get. Bigleofa, sustenance. Biglfdan, pret. -glad, to glide by. Bigspel. See Bispel. Bigstandan, to stand by, as- sist. See Standan. Big'S. See Bicgan. tBneat (begeat), got ; from begytan. Bihaefdian, E. Angl. for be- heafdian. fBiheovede (behofode), be- hoved, required. tBihett (behet), promised ; from behatan. BiLidilice. See Behydi- lice. fBihongen, clothed. Bil, bill, beak. fBilaeuen, 1 (belaefan,) to tBileafuen, / liave. fBilefde, "I (beleofode,) fBileofde, / lived, stayed ; from leofian (lybban). tBileued, left. Bilewit, kind, mild, meek, simple. Bilewitnys, meekness. Bill, II. 1. bill, faulchion. Bin, II. 3. 1 ,. Bnme,I.3?f bm > man 2 er ' Bindan, 1 pret. band, pi. Cebindan, / bundon, to bind, capture. Bin nan, bin n on, within, under. fBinomen (benumen), taken away ; from benf- man. fBinooen, below, tinder. Bion, i. q. boon. Bireued, for bereafod. See Bereafian. fBirle, byrle, II. 2. attendant at table, pincerna. See Berrhle. fBirr]) (gebyraS), it be- cometh, is fitting, incum- bent on ; from gebyrian. Bisaregian, to lament, de- plore. Biscophad, episcopal office. Biscop-setl, III. 1. episcopal throne. Biscop-stol, II. 2. episcopal see. Biscop-penung, episcopal duty or service. fBisecchen (beseean), to beseech, seek, after. fBisemaere (bysmor), insult, mockery. Biseo, i. q. beseo. 206 GLOSSARY. Bisettan, to beset, cover over. Gr. 208. Bisgian, to busy, occupy. tBisie (bysig), busy, active. Bismerful, shameful, blas- phemous. Bismorian, to mock, insult, ill-treat. fBisne (bysen), example, pattern. Bisnian, to give example. Gebisnung, example. Bispel, bigspel, II. 1. pro- verb, parable, fable. Ger. Beispiel. Bistalcian, to stalk, proceed, march. fBiswake (beswac), de- ceived ; from beswfcan. tBitachet(betiECS), assigns, gives. fBitake (betaece), commit, deliver. Biter, bitter, stern. Biwferian. See Bewerian. fBiwiten (bewftan), to hold, reserve. Blac, black, pale. Ger. bleich. Blac-hleor, pale-faced, fair. Bleed, II. 2. glory, pros- perity, life, blast, flatus. — Tail (of a seal) ; gend. uncert. Bleed, II. 3. fruit, branch. Blawan, 3 bleewS, pret. bleow, pp. blawende, to blow. Blecingeg, the province of Bleking in Sweden. Geblendan, pret. -bland, pi. -blundon, pp. geblonden, to blend, tinge, stain. -f-Blene (blinnan), to cease. Bleo, colour. Bletsian, "1 . 77 r< ui i. • r to bless. Crebletsian, J Bletsung, blessing. Blfcan, pret. blac, pi. blicon, to shine, glitter. Blind, blind. Blinnan, pret. blan, pi. blun- non, to cease. Blis, II. 3. bliss, joy. Blissian, "I to rejoice, G-'eblissian, J exult. BliSe, blithe, joyful, pro- pitious, kind. Blipelice, blithely, gladly, cheerfully. Bliomod, kind, well-disposed. BliSnes, blitheness, mirth, ex- ultation. Blod, II. 1. blood. Blodig, bloody. Blostm, II. 2. blossom. Blostnena, p. 110, lin. pen. ult. Blostma? Blowan, to blow, blossom. f Blo]}eliche, ] bashfully, fBlutieliche, / clownishly ? Ger. blode. Ohg. blodi, or from bliSelice, gladly, etc.? Boc, fern, irreg. book. Gr. 106. Bocere, II. 2. scribe, doctor, interpreter. tBock (boc), book. Boc-kin, II. 1. kind or sort of book. Boc-land, II. L land held by GLOSSARY. 207 charter (boc), as opposed to folc-land. See Allen on the Royal Prerogative, p. 143, sq. Boclic, bookly, literary. Bdc-staef, II. 2. alphabetic character. Ger. Buchstab, Dan. Bogstav. -f-Boc-staff, i. q. boc-staef. Boda, messenger. Gebod, III. 1. command, from beodan. Bodian, 1 to preach, an- Bodigean, j nounce. Bodig, II. 2. body. Bodung, preaching. fBof'e, above. Bog, II. 2. bough. Boga, bote. Gebogen. See Bugan. Bohte. See Bicgan. Bold, II. 1 . house, dwelling. Crebolgen. Bolla, boiol, cup. Boili. Bolster, 11,2 ? bolster, pillow. Bont, E. Angl. for band. See Bindan. Bord, II. 1. board, shield, table. Bord-weall, II. 2. board- (shield-) wall. Geboren, \ o „,. „ ^ > bee Beran. jtboren, J Borg, borh, II. 2. money bor- rowed, loan, fcenns. Boriaii, to bore ; pour? fBorle. See Birle. fBorn (beorn), nobleman, chief. Bosui, II. 2. bosom. See Gebelgan. O. N. Bot, II. 3. compensation, re- paration, atonement. Botl, house, dwelling. fBour (bur), bower, cham- ber. -j-Boute (buton), without. f Brae (braec), brake. Brad, broad. Bradnis, broadness, expanse. G'ebraec, III. 1. breaking, crash. Braklan, to roast. Ger. braten. BraeS, breath, vapour, fra- grance, odour. Bragen, III. 1 ? brain. Brand, II. 2 ? brand, fire- brand. Brastlian, to make a crackling noise as afire, crepitare. Breac. See Brucan. Bre'can, pret. braec, pp. ge- brocen, to break. Bredan, 3 brit, pret. broed, pi. brudon, pp. broden, to braid, twist, plait, draw. Bregdan, pret. braegd, pi. brugdon, to draw. Brego, III. 2. lord, prince, chief. Breme, famed, celebrated. Bremel, II. 2. bramble. Breost, II. 3. breast; often used in the plural. Breotone, Britain. Brerd, II. 2. brim, edge, sum- mit. Brice. See Bryce. Bricg, II . 3. bridge. Bridel, II. 2. bridle. Bridd, II. 2. young bird. 208 GLOSSARY, seaman. Bridel-Jwancg, II. 2. bridle- thong, rein. fBridgume (brydguma), bridegroom. Brim, II. 2. & III. 1. ocean, sea. Brim-lifende, "1 Brim-man, / ' Bringan, 1 pret. brohte, G%bringan, / to bring. Gr. 214. Brocen, gebrdcen. See Bre- can. G^brdcod, broken, maimed. Broga, terror, dread. Crebrohte. See Bringan. Brosnian, to decay, perish. Brost, for breost. Gebrowen, brewed. BroS, II. 1. broth. Bropor, III. 2. brother, friar. Gr. 96. Ger. Bruder, Dan. Broder. GebroSrUj-a, III. ^.brethren. Gr. 96- Brucan, 3 bryc'5, pret. breac, pi. brucon, to use, enjoy, eat, with genit. Ger. brauchen, Dan. bruge. Brun, brown. Brun-ecg, brown-edged; epithet of a sword. t/brusted, ibrustled,6Ws^/er7, set with ; from byrst, bris- tle. Ger.Borste. tBruttes, Britons. Bryce, II. 2. use, enjoyment. BrycS. See Brucan. Bryd, II. 3. bride. Bryden, solid, firm! Brydguma, bridegroom. Brym. See Brim. Brymel. See Bremel. Bryne, II. 2. burning, fire. Brytta, dispenser, enjoy er, perpetrator, bestower. Brytte, II. 2. Briton. Buan, 3 byS, pret. bude, to dwell in, cultivate. Gr. 212. Bufan, above, from above. Bugan, 1 pret. beah, pi. Gebugan, J bugon, pp. gebdgen, to bow, bend, stoop, yield, submit, turn. fBugge (bicgan), to buy. Bugian, to inhabit; bugi- gend, inhabitant. Dan. bue. Grebiin, cultivated, inhabited. See Buan. Bune, I. 3. cup. /bunden (gebunden). See Bindan. fBuod (beoS), shall be; from bedn. Bur, II. 2. bower, chamber. Burae5, E.Angl. for gebyrao". See Gebyrian. fBurd (bord), table. Burge,pret. subj.of beorgan. Burgenda-land (Borgundar holm), Bornholm. Burgendas (Burgundiones), the Burgundians, who in Alfred's time appear to have dwelt to the north of the Osti. We find them at another period on the east bank of the Oder. Bur-geteld, II. 1. bower-tent, pavilion. GLOSSARY. 209 Burg-sele, II. 2. castle hall. Bylig, II. 2? bellows. Ger. Burh, III. 'S. burgh, city. Gr. 106. 108. Burh-leod, II. 3. towns- (butan,) icithout. people. Barh-sittende, city -dweller. Gr. 118. Burhwaru, townspeople. Gr. 104. fBuri (burh), bury, burgh., town. Burigan, to bury. Burigen. See Byrgen. Burst. See Byrst. Buruh, i. q. burh. Butan. See Baton. tBute, 1 tButen, / Butere, I. 3. butter. Buter-gejnveor, HI. 1. but- ter-ointment, butter ; from ]>w( an, to anoint. Bute rice, II. 2. leather bag or bottle, uter. Baton, "I , . . + R [but, save, except, In ' ( unless, without. tBuwen (bugan), to bow, submit. fBuuen, above. Gebycgan. See Bicgan. Bydel, II. 2. beadle, cryer, preacher, herald. G&byld, } bold ^ rm - Byldan, to excite, encourage. Geby ldan, to imagine, design, plan, devise, draw; pp. gebyld. Ger. bilden. /byldan, for gebyldan. Bylewit. See Bileuit. Balg. Byrne, 1. 3. trumpet. Byn, cultivated : from buan. G't'byrd, II. 3. and Gebyrdu, III. 3. birth. Byrdest, of highest rank or birth. Byre, II. 2. son, child. Byrig, Bury in Suffolk. Byrgen, II. 3. sepulchre, grave. Gr. 297. Crebyrian, to be fitting, be- coming, to beseem, to be {one's) duty, happen. Byrigen, i. q. Byrgen. Byrnan, pret. barn, pi. burn- on, to burn, ardere. Byrne, I. 3. cuirass, corselet. Dan. Brynje. Byrn-hum (-hoina?), cui- rass, corselet. Byrn-wfga, 1 mailed Bvrn-wfggende, j warrior. 'Gr. 118. Byrst, II. 3. bristle. Ger. Borste. Gebyr-tfd, for gebyrd-tfd, II. 3. nativity. ByrSen, II. 3. burthen. Byrfen, p. 135, 1. 20, should probably be bur-]>en : where supposing Edward to be the son of Byrht- noth'sbur-pegn {chamber- lain), and ]>a (1. 21) an error for ]?aet, the passage, }>anc gesiede ]mm bur- ]>ene, ]>aet he byre haefde. becomes intelligible, viz. he gave thanks to his 210 GLOSSARY. chamberlain that he had {such) a son. Bysgian. See Bisgian. Bysig, busy. Bysmer, infamy, insult, blas- phemy. Gebysmerian. See Bismo- rian. Bysmerlice, disgracefully, contemptuously. Bysmorlic, disgraceful. Bysn, "I i. q. gebis- Gr'ebysnung, j nung. C. Caeg, II. 3. hey. Caf, prompt, active. Caflice, promptly. Cald, cold. Cale, Chelle (la Celle or Celles) " in page- Parisi- aco, quasi centum stadiis a Lutetia, villa quondam regia, ad Matronam flu- vium, in quo loco Bathil- dis ccenobium sanctimo- nialium virginum con- struxit." — Smith, ad Bedae H. E. Camel, II. 2. camel. Camp, 1 II. 1. battle, con- (recamp, / jlict. Ger. Ge- kampfe. Campddm, warfare. Can. See Cunnan. Canon, canon. Cantwara-burh, Canterbury. Gr. 106. Cn\nto\,Jirst (mass), matuti- nalis. Carendre, Carinthia. Carfullice, carefully. Carian, to care, be solicitous. Caru (Cearu), III. 3. care. Casere, II. 2. Casar, em- peror. Ger. Kaiser. Castell, II. 1. town, village. Ceafu, III. 3. chaff. Ceallian, to call. Geceas. See Geceosan. Ceast, II. 3 ? strife, murmur- ing. Ceaster, II. 3. city, town. Gr. 81. Ceaster-waru, \X\7\ citizens, 3. pi. ceaster- I towns- wara (wera), { men. and -gewaran. J Gr. 104. Cellod, heeled; applied to a shield, from the form of its external surface, re- sembling the bottom of a vessel. Celmert-mon, Nor. for hyr- ling, hireling. Cempa, champion, soldier. Ger. Kiimpfer, Dan. Kaemper. Cene, keen, bold, valiant. Ger. kiihn. Cennan, \ pret. cehde, pp. G'ecennan, J cenned, to bear, bring forth. Cent-land, II. 1. Kent. Ceorfan, pret. cearf, pi. curf- on, to carve, cut. Ceorian, to murmur. Ceorl, II. 2. churl, freeman, laic. Ger. Kerb Ceorung, murmuring, com- plaint. GLOSSARY. 21 Ceosan, 13 p. he cyst, Geceosau, J pret. ceas, 2 cure, pi. curon, pp. ge- cdren, to choose, judge. Ceosel, II. 2 ? gravel, sand. Ger. Kiesel. Cepan, to take, keep, observe, hold; gov. gen. as, fleames cepan, to take to flight. Cerran. 1 c -, n „ > See Cyrran. Crccerran. J J Cese. See Cyse. Child, modern for cild. Cfdan, pret. cidde, to chide. ^ f ' > to call, address. trecigan, J Cild, II. 1. child. Gr. 68. JEli'r. Coll. has cildra in plur. Cild-clafi, II. 2. child-cloth, sicaddling-cloth, Cild-cradol, II. 2. child- cradle. Cildha'd, childhood. Cildlic, childish. Cinc^. See Cvning. Crecind. See Gecynd. Cinn, cynn. See Cyn. Cipan, to sell; ciptun for cipton. Circe, I. 3. church. Ciriclic, churchlike, ecclesi- astical. Cinnan, to make a noise, cry out. Cirran. See Cyrran. Cioan. See Cyftan. Cloene, clean, pure. CJsennis, cleanness, purity, Claensian, "1 to cleanse, Geclaensian, J purify. Claensung, cleansing, purifi- cation. tClene! j ( ckene ') clean - Clauster, III. 1. cloister, in- closure. ClaS, II. 2. cloth, garment. Cleafa, clyfa, room, cel- lar. Cleopian,"") ciipST \ to eaU > cr y- Clypian, J Clucgge, 1. 3. clock, bell. Ger. Gloeke, Dan. Klokke. Cliid, II. 2. rock, cliff. Cludig, rocky. Clufan, 3 clyfS, pret. cleaf, pi. clufon, to cleave. Gr. 250. Clypian, ] . , ^ ', > i. q. cleopian. Creclypian, J * x Clyppan, to embrace, make much of. Clypung, calling, crying. Clysung, inclosure. Cnapa, hnave, boy. Ger. Knabe. Gecnawan, to know. See Oncnawan. Gecnedan, to knead. Crecneordlaecan, pret. -laehte, to study. G-'ecneordlic, diligent. G'ecneordnys. See Ge- cnyrdnys. Cneoris, generation, race, tribe. Cneow, III. 1. knee. fCnif, knife. Cniht, II. 2. knight, youth, 212 GLOSSARY. military follower. Ger. Kncclit. Cnihth&d, youth. fCnipt (cniht), retainer, etc. •f/cnwo (gecneow), knew: from gecnawan. Cnyll, II. 2 ? knell, tolling. Ger. Knall. Gecnyrdnys, gecneordnys, study, care, diligence. Coc, II. 2. cook. Cohhetan, to cough ? Collan, p. 149, 1. 9? Collen-ferho", lofty-minded! Comp-vvig, II. 1 ? strife of battle. Con, i. q. can. See Cun- nan. Coortan, cohorts. Gecoren, chosen, elect, de- cided. See Ceosan. Corn, II. 1. corn, seed, gram. Cosp, II. 2. bond, ckain. Coss, II. 2. kiss. Ger. Kuss. Gecost&n, ~) Costian, I _ . Costnian, >^ptprove. Gecostnian, J Costnigend, II. 2. tempter. Gr. 118. ^ °' > temptation. Costung, J y CoS, II. 3. disease. Crabbe, I. 3. crab. Ger. & Dan. Krabbe. Craeft, II. 2. art, craft, arti- fice, power. Craeftig, crafty, powerful. Ger. kraftig. fCraft (craeft), craft. Creaca-land, 1 Greece. Ger. Creea-land, > Griechen- Creca-ri'ce, J land. Creda, creed. Creopan, 3 cry pS, pret. creap, pi. crupon, to creep. Creopend, II. 2. creeping (thing), reptile. Gr. 118. Cric, crutch. G%crincan, pret. -crane, pi. -eruncon, to cringe, fall, die. Cristen, Christian. Cristenddm, Christendom, Christianity. Croc, II. 2. a pot. Croc-sceard, II. 1. pots- herd. Cucen, ] . , 7 . . p > quick, living. Culfre, I. 3. culver, dove. Culter, coulter. Cuma, comer, guest; cu- mena-hus, inn, also, the part of a monastery ap- propriated to guests. Cuman, 3 cym<5, pret. com, to come. Gr. 237. Cecum an, to come together. Cuiiibol, II. 1 . banner, stand- ard. See Grimm, And. and El. p. 92. Cumbol-wfga, chief com- mander. tCume (cyme), coming. CumliSnys, hospitality. Cunnan, ic can, pi. cunnou, pret. cufte, to know, be able. Gr. 218. Cunnian, to try, tempt, at- tempt. GLOSSARY. 213 Gecunnian, to prove, explore. Gecure. See Ceosan. fCustcii (cyston), kissed; from cyssan. CucS, known, certain, evident. Cufia, acquaintance. t Cufte, maketh known Jcllcth fCutSSe (cyu? Lat. num? an ? Gr. 160. Cwic; quick, alive. Cwicbeain, II. 2. juniper, quickbeam. Cwidol, evil-tongued, male- dicus. Cwyde, II. 2. saying, speech, word. Cwydrseden, "I II. 3.agree- Gecwydra?den, J ment, compact. Gecwylman, to kill, de- stroy. Gecyd. \ Cydde. / See Cy]>an. Cyfes-boren, base-born ; from cyf'es, II 3. a concu- bine. Ger. Kebs, kept (woman). Cygan. I c nr r : D > oee Clean. Crecygan. J b Cyte, n. 2.} chill > cold - Cyl, II. 2. leathern bottle or bag. Lat. uter ? Cyme, II. 2. coming. Cyn, II. 1. kin, race, family. GVcynd, II. 1. nature, gene- ration. Gecynde-lim, III. 1. womb. Cyne, royal, noble, gentle. Used as a prefix. Cyne-helm, II. 2. crown. Cyne-hlafbrd, II. 2. royal master. Cynelic, kingly, royal. Cyne-rof, royal, noble, re- nowned. Cyng, i. q. cyning. Cyng-ban (cin-Mn), II. 1. ckin-bone, jaw-bone. Cyning, II. 2. king. Cynren, III. 1. kindred, fa- mily. Cypan, i. q. cfpan. Cypercniht, II. 2. youth for sale. Cypman, III. 2. chapman, mere J to ut. Ger. Kauf- mann, Dan. Kjobmand. Cyr, time, occasion. Cyrce, I. 3. See Circe. 214 GLOSSARY. Cyre, II. 2. will, choice, elec- tion. See Ceosan. Cyrcea. 1 n . r, J ■ > See Circe. Cyncea. J Cyrm, II. 2. cry, scream. Cyrnceaster, Cirencester. Cyrran, 1 to turn, return, Gecyrran, / convert. Cyr- ran up is perhaps a nau- tical phrase for the simple cyrran. Cyrre, II. 2. time. Gecyrrednys, conversion, penitence. Cyse, II. 2. cheese. Ger. Kase. Cys-gerunn, cheese; i. e. what is now called a cheese, from the same root as gerunnen, con- cretus, coagulatus. Hence our runnet. Cyssan, to kiss. Ger. kussen. Cystig, bountiful. Cystelice, bountifully. Cyte, I. 3. cot. CyS, II. 3. knowledge, fami- liarity. Cy(5, know. See CySan. CyJ>an, 1 pret. cyftde G'ecySan, J (cydde), to raafo knoivn, let know, an- nounce, tell, devise. Cypere, II. 2. martyr, wit- ness. CySnes, "1 witness, testi- G-'ecy]mis, j mony, testa- ment, compact, fcedus ; gecyftnisse cyj>an, to tes- tify- Cy<55u, III. 3. country. D. Daecan (E. Angl.), deacon. Deed, II. 3. deed, action. fDsed, dead. DaMbetan, to repent, make retribution. DaM-bot, II. 3. deed-repara- tion, repentance, retribu- tion. Daeg, II. 2. day. Dan. Dag, Ger. Tag. Gr. 69. dasges, by day ; on daeg, one day. Daeghwomlic, daily. Daegred, 11. 1. day red, dawn. Daegredlic, adj. morning, matutinus. Daeg-weorc, II. 1 . day's work. Daeg-wist, II. 3. daily re- past. Daegperlic, present. f/daeied, died. Dael, II. 2. deal, part. Dan. Deel, Ger. Theil. DaMan, 1 to deal, divide, Ged'M-dn, J bestow, spend. Daalf. See Delf. DaeS, for deaS. 6redafenian, gedafnian, to be fitting, decere, oportere, convenire ; gov. dat. Credafenlice, projjerly, de- cently. Dafnian, i. q. gedafenian. Dagian, to dawn. Dagung, dawning. Dalamensan, a Slavonic people formerly inhabiting Silesia. fDalest, dealest, etc. from daalan. GLOSSARY. 215 Dana is, the Tanais, Don. Daru, III. 3. destruction, in- jury ; whence Derian. DaroS, II. 2. dart. Datia, under this denomina- tion were comprised the modern Red Russia, Transylvania, Walachia, and part of Moldavia. fDaw ( da?g), day . Dead, dead. Deadlic, mortal. Deaf, deaf. Deah. See Dugan. Dear. See Dearran. Dearc, i. q. deorc. Dearnunge, secretly, pri- vately. Dearran, ic dear (deor), we durron, pret. dorste (dyrste), to dare. Gr. 218. Deaw, II. 2. deio. DeaS, II. 2. death. DeaSlic. See Deadlic. G^defen, opportune, fitting, due. fDei^e, to die. Deire, the natives of Deira, the southern part of the kingdom of Northumbria, extending from the Hum- her to the Tees. See Lap- penberg's ' England under the Anglo-Saxon Kings,' v. i. p. 11 7, sq. Delf, "I II. 1. delving, the Gedelf, / act of digging. Delfan, 3 dylfS, pret. dealf, pi. dulfon, to delve, dig. Gr. 242. Dema, judge, governor ; from desman. Hence the word danpster. Deman, "1 to deem, judge, 6'edeinan,/ decide, doom, resolve. Den, for denu. Dene, the Danes. Denemearce, Denmark. Denu, III. 3. den, cave, val- ley. Deofol, deofl, II. 2. devil. Deofel-seocnes, devil-sick- ness, i. e. possession by a devil. Deoilie, devilish. Deofulcund, devilish, dia- bolical. Deop, deep, profound. Deoplice, deeply, jwofound- h J- Deopnys, deepness, mystery. Deor, II. 1. beast, animal. Ger. Thier. Dan. Dyr. Deor. See Dearran. Deorc, dark. Deorcae, for deorce, darkly. Deor-cyn, II. 1. kind of beast. fDeore (deor), dear. (7edeorf, III. 1. tribulation, labour. Deorfan, 1 pret. dearf, pi. Gedeorfan, / durfon, to work, toil. DeorwyrSe, precious. Der, E. Angl. for deor. Derian, "1 , 7 Derigan, / to /mrt > in J ure ' Diaconhad, deaconhood. Die, II. 2. dyke, ditch. Digel, II. 3. secret. 216 GLOSSARY. Digel (digol), 1 dark, secret, Digle, J obscure. Digel lice, secretly, privily. Digelnys, secret, secrecy, pri- vacy. Diht, II. 3. dispensation, contrivance, direction, command. /diht, prepared, for gediht. See Gedihtan. G%dihtan, to dispose, order, prepare. fDihten (dilitan), to frame, order, indite. D inline, dimly. Dior, i. q. deor. Doccyng, Docking in Nor- folk, near Hunstanton and Snettisham, called Dry Docking. Dogor, 11.2. poet, day ; but strictly, the day of 12 hours. See Grimm, Andr. and Elene, p. 154- ; and Kemble's Gloss, to Beo- wulf. Do3e6 (duguS), men, follow- ers, court. fDohge)) (duguS), truth, good. Dohte. See Dugan. Dohtor, dohter, III. 2. daughter. Gr. 96. Dolh-wund, sorely wounded. Dom, II. 2. doom, judgement, sway, power, victory, dis- cretion. Domlice, powerfully, effec- tually, nobly, bountifully. Don, 1 3 de3 (do3), pret. G-'edon, / dyde, pp. gedon, to do, make, put, pour. Ger. thun. Gr. 212. Donua, the Danube. Dorceceaster, Dorchester. Dorste. See Dearran. fDotie, to dote. Do<5. See Don. Dream, II. 2. joy, delight, melody. Drecan, "1 pret. drehte,pp. Gedrecan, J dreht, to vex, afflict, torment. Gedrefan, to trouble, afflict, offend. G%drefednys, trouble, afflic- tion. Credreht, vexed, afflicted, tor- mented ; from gedrecan. Drenc, II. 2. drink, pota- tion. Drencan,to drench. Gr. 347. Dreng, II. 2. soldier, guard, satelles. O. N. Dreingr. Dreogan (drogan), 3 dryhtS, pret. dreag, pi. drugon, to do. It. to suffer. G'edreog, drying, anoint- ing. Dreorig, dreary, sad ; dreo- riglice, sadly. It. gory. Dreor iglice, drearily, mourn- fully. Dreorignys, dreariness, sad- ness, sorrovu Gedrif, III. 1. drift. Drffan, pret. draef, 2 drife, to drive. Drfgnis, dryness. fDrihlich (drihtlic), lordly, noble. Drihten, II. 2. lord. GLOSSARY. 217 Credrinc, 1 III. 1 drink, Ge&rync, / drinking. Drincan, pret. dratic, pi. druncon, to drink. Drogan, for drugon. See Dreogan. Drohtafi, II. 3. i. q. droht- nung. Drohtian, "I to live, pass Drohtnian, J (time), de- gere. Drohtnung, life, conduct. Druncen, drt/nken, drunk. Dry, II. 2. wizard, magician. Drycraeft, II. 2. witchcraft, magic. Drycraeftig, skilled in witch- craft. Gr. 122. Drygan, to dry. Dryhten, i.q. drihten. Dryhtenlic, dominical, di- vine. Dryht-guma, follower, sa- telles. Drypan, to drip, drop. fDude (dyde), did; from don. t/duden (dydon), did. Dugan, pres. deah, pi. du- gon, pret. dohte, to help, be good for. Gr. 218. DuguS, 11. 3. good, benefit, happiness, followers, nobi- lity. fDuulen (dugufi), nobles, court Dumb, dumb. Dun, II. 3. down, mountain. Dune, down. fDure (deor), dear. Dureleas, doorless. fDurewurSe (deorwyrfte), costly, precious. Durre. See Dearran. Duru, III. 3. door. Dust, II. 1. dust. Dwelian, to err. Gedwild, III. 1 . error, heresy, sin. GedwCAa, i. q. gedwulman. Dwollice, erroneously. GedwCAm&n, III. 2. heretic ; from gedwyld, error, etc. Cedwolsom, erroneous, here- tical. <%dwjk } See Gedwild - Gedwymorlice, in a fantastic or illusory manner. Dyde. See Don. Dyderung, illusion, enchant- ment, dissembling. Dym-hof, II. 2. hiding-place. Dynian, to make a din. Dyr, dear, precious. Dyrste. See Dearran. Gedyrsod, made daring, from gedyrsian. Dyrstelice, daringly, rashly. Dyrstig, daring, bold. Dyrstignys, boldness, pre- sumption. Gedyrstkecan, pret. -laehte, to dare, presume, ven- ture. Dyrwyrtie. See DeorwyrSe. Dysig, II. \. folly. T ^ !• (foolish, absurd. 218 GLOSSARY. E. Ea, II. 3. river. Dan. Aa. Gr. 85. Eac, eke, also, moreover ; eac swylce, also, likewise, in like maimer. Eaca, increase. Eitcnian, "1 to conceive, (7eeacnian, J bring forth, to increase, quicken, make pregnant. Ead, happiness, prosperity. Ead-hreftig, exulting inpros- perity or success. Eadig, blessed, happy, afflu- ent, felix. Eadmed, humility, reverence. Geeadmedan, to ivorship, adore, prostrate, humble. Eadraedlic, ~) humble, re- Eadmdd, > spectful ; Eadmodlic, J eadmodlice, humbly. (7eeadmettan, i. q. Geead- medan. fEaeh-sen (eage-syn), eye- sight, presence. Ea-gang, II. 2. course or bed of a river. Eage, I. l.eye. Eahta, 1 ■ 7 , Eahte, / •***■ EahteoS, eighth. Eahteteone, eighteen. Eal. See Eall. Eala, Oh ! alas ! Eald, old. Ealda-fanler, III. 2. grand famer, avus. Gr. 97. Ealddom, age. Ealdfasder, III. 2. patriarch. Eald-hettende,o&f oppressor. Gr. 118. Ealdian, to grow old. Ealdnys, age. Ealdor, II. 2. elder, chief, prince, ancestor. Ealdor, II. 3. life. Ealdor-duguft, II. 3. chief nobility. Ealdorman, III. 2. senator, chief, dux. Ealdorscype, supremacy, first place, authority. Ealdor-]>egn, II. 2. chief offi- cer. Eald-Seaxan, the Old-Sax- ons, inhabiting the country from theEyder to the Weser. Ealdung, age. Eall, all; mid ealle, totally. Ealles, totally, in all. Eallunga, "1 totally, quite, Eallunge, J prorsus, om- nino. Ealswa, as, like as. Ealu, III. 3. ale. Earc, II. 3. ark, cliest. Eard, II. 2. country, habita- tion. Eardian, to inhabit, dwell in, settle in. Eare, I. 1 . ear. Earfo$\ice,difficultly,hardly. EarfoSnys, difficulty, trouble, hardship. ~Ea.rh, fugitive, cowardly. Earm, II. 2. arm. Earm, poor, miserable. Ger. arm. GLOSSARY. 219 Earming, II. 2. poor mise- rable being. Earmlic, miserable. Earmlice, miserably. Earn, II. 2. eagle. Dan. Orn. Geearnian, to earn, gain, at- tain, merit. 6reearnung, merit, desert, be- nefit. Geearwian, to prepare. East, east, eastwards. Ea-staeS, 1 III. 1. river's Ea-ste8, j bank. Eastan,y>w« the east. Gr. 339. East-dsel, II. 2. the east. East-Engla, East Angles. Easter, pi. Eastra, Easter. Easter-daeg, II. 2. Easter- dag, Passover. Easterlic, adj., Easter. Eastern, eastern, oriental. Easteweard, Eastweard, East Francan, East Franks, dwelling north of the source of the Danube and east of the Rhine. Eastland, II. 1. the country of the Osti or Estas. See Osti. East-ryhte, due east. fEastres, (O. Fr. estres,) being, condition, state, par- ticularly internal ; as, " connaitre les etres d'un batiment," i. e. to know all the rooms, passages, stairs, etc. Eawfest, pious, religious. eastward. EaSe, "• easily, readily ; Eaj>elice, J eaSost, most easily. EaSmed, humble ; mid eaft- meduni, humbly. CreeaSmedan, to humble ; with ace. of pron. to toor- ship. See Geeadmedan. Cre-eaomodan, to vouchsafe. GeaSmddian, to humble, be pleased. Ebbe, I. 3. ebb. Ece, II. 2. ache, pain. Ece, eternal. Ecg, edge. Ecg-plega, edge-play, con- flict. fEche (ece), eternal. Ecnys (ecnes), eternity. Ce-edcennan, tobear orbring forth again. Edlean, II. 1. reward. Edniwan, anew. Ge-edniwian, to renew. Edvvist, substance. Edwit, reproach, contumely. Efen, even, just ; efen feolo, just as many. Ger. eben so viel. Efen-eald, coeval, of like age. Efen-ece, coeternal. Efenlgecan, "1 pret. -lffihte, Creefenl^ecan, J to imitate. Geefenkecung, imitation. Efenlic, even, equal ; efen- lice, in like manner, also. Efern, evening. Nor. for aefen. Efne, lot bekold ! even. Fr. meme, exactly, just. Ger. eben. l2 220 GLOSSARY. Efor, efer, II. 2. wild boar. Ger. Eber. Efsian, to shave. Efstan, to hasten. Eft, again, after, afterwards. Ege, II. 2. awe, fear, dread. JLgesa, fear, dread. Egesful, awful, terrific. Egeslic, dreadful, horrible. Eggemasre, Egmore in Nor- folk, near Holkham. Eghuona, Nor. for aeghwa- non, from all sides. tEggwha?r(a?ghvvDer), every- where. Eglan, to afflict, annoy. fE^e, oivn. fEh-scen, eyesight. Ehta, i. q. eahta. Ehtan, to follow, persecute ; gov. gen. or ace. Fht \ persecution. Eihwelc, E. Angl. for seg- hwylc. fEille, evil, ill. fEkenn (ecan), to eke, add, increase, enlarge ; ekedd, added. Elcung, delay, expectation. Ele, II. 2. oil. Elig, Ely. Ellen, II. 1 . valour, fortitude. Ellen-deed, II. 3. valiant deed. Ellen-rof, famed for courage, bold. Ellen -spratc, II. 3. bold speech. Ellenwodnes, fervent zeal. Ellen-Jmste, boldly daring. Elles, else, otherwise. Ellor, elsewhere. Elmesse, i^Elmesse, I. 3 alms. Eln, II. 3. ell. Elnian, to strengthen, coin- fort. El}>eod, II. 3. foreign nation, foreigner. El]>eodig, foreign, foreigner. Elfeodignes, "I (living) in a El]>eodung, / foreign land; in (on) el)>eodignesse, abroad, peregre. Embe, about. Gr. ufupl, Ger. um, Dan. ora ; i. q. ymb. GWmbehtian, to serve, mi- nister. EmbsnfSan, to circumcise ; from sniSan, to cut. Emn, even, level, plain; on emn, even with, by the side of ' Emnlange, along. Ende, II. 2. end, extremity. tEnde, p. 175, line 26, for hende, as in the other text} Creendebyrdan, "I to order, Endebyrdian, J ordain, place, arrange. Endebyrdlice, in order. Endebyrdnys, arrangement, order, detail ; ]>urh ende- byrdnys, in turn. Endemes, at length, at last. Endenext, ] , „ , ^, , , > latter, last. Endenynst, J Ceendian, to end, finish. Endlyfta, eleventh. Ceendung, end. GLOSSARY. 221 Engel, II. 2. angel. Engla-land, II. 1. land of the Angles, England. Engle, Angles. Englisc, English, Anglo- Saxon. Ent, II. 2. giant. G'eodon, for eodon. Eodorcan, to ruminate. Eode. See Gan. Eoforwic-ceaster, II. 3. York. Eoh, II. 2. horse. Old Sax. Ehu. fEon (on), on, in. Geond, through, over, per. Eondscynan. See Geond- scihan. Eorl, II. 2. earl, poet, for man. Eornoste, earnestly, vigo- rously. Eornostlice, earnestly, so, now, therefore ; igitur, itaque. EorS-bugigend, inhabitant of earth. See Bugian. EorSe, I. 3. eorSu, III. 3. earth, land. EoroTaestj^/arf in the earth. EorS-hus, II. 1. earth-house, grave. EorSlic, earthly. Eor5-rfce, III. 1. zvorld. EorS-tilia, earth-tiller, hus- bandman. See Tilian. EorS-tilS, II. 3. earth-tilling, agricidture. EorS-tyrewe, I. 1 ? earth- tar, bitumen. Ger. Theer, Dan. Tjaere, tar. Eowan, 1 , 7 .- . ^ > to show, manitest. Eovvian,J J Eow, you, to you. Gr. 137. Eower, your. Gr. 137. Eowland, Oeland, lying off' the east coast of Sweden. Erbe, for yrfe. Erce, arch. But who is eorftan moder (mother of earth), to whom this title is given? See Grimm, D. M. p. 232. Ercebisceop, II. 2. arch- bishop. Ercehad, archiepiscopal dig- nity. Erendraca. See iErend-raca. Erfeland, II. 1. hereditary land. Ger. Erbland, Dan. Arveland. Erian, to plough. Ermo", i. q. yrmS. Ern, II. 1. house, place,room. fErrust (&r est), first. Esne, II. 2. man, young man, servant. Esol, II. 2. ass. Ger. Esel. Estas. See Osti. Estful, devout, kind, be- nignant. Est mere, the Frische Huff', or lake, into which flows one of the. branches of the Vistula. Et, E. Angl. for set. Etan, 1 3 yt, pret. ast, to Ettan, / eat. Gr. 228. fEuhe (hiw), hue. Ewunga, openly, publicly. ES, comp. of ea<5, easy ; )>y eS, the more easily. 222 GLOSSARY. Efelice, easily. Ej?el, II. 1,2. country, home. ESel-weard, II. 2. keeper or ruler of a country. F. Facg, II. 1. plaice ? platesia. Facn, III. 1. fraud, guile, dolus. Crefadian, to dispose, order, manage. Fadung, dispositioti, dispen- sation. Faec, II. 1. space, interval, department. Ger. Fach. Faeder, III. 2. father. Gr. 97- Gef seder a, godfather, gossip. Faederlice, paternally. Fa?ge, fated, moribundus. Faegenian. See Faegnian. Faeger, fair, good ; faegere, fairly, beautifully. Faegernys, fairness, beauty. Faegnian, to fawn, rejoice. FaehS, II. 3. feud, hate, hosti- lity. Ger. Feide. fFaeir (faeger), fair. fFaeirlich (faerlic), sudden, unexpected. fFaeislS (faege-si<5?), depart- ure, death. t Fecit (Kt),feet. Faemne, 1. 3. damsel, maiden. Faemnhad, maidenhood, vir- ginity. Gr. 302. Feer, journey. Faer (in composition), sud- den, dreadful, dire. Faereld, II. 2? way, going, journey, gressus. Faeringa, suddenly. Faerlic, sudden, dangerous ; faerlice, suddenly. Ger. gefahrlich, Dan. farlig. Faer, III. 2. craft, peril. Faer-scea]>a, crafty, danger- ous robber. FaerS. See Faran. Faestan, to fast. Gr. 208. Feeste, fast. Faesten, III. 1. fast, jeju- nium. Faesten, III. 1. fastness, for- tress, citadel. Faesthafel, tenacious. Faestlic, strong, firm, irresis- tible ; fastMce, firmly, re- solutely. Faestnian, "1 to fasten, con- Crefaestnian, J firm. Faestnys, fastness, firmness, bulwark, firmament. Faestnung, confirmation. Faet, III. 1. vessel, fat. Ger. Fass, Dan. Fad. Gr. 88. Faetels, II. 2. bag, sack, purse. Faett, adj. fat. FaeJ>em, II. 2. fathom, cubit, embrace, bosom, protection. Fah, variegated, glittering. tFainen (faegnian),fo rejoice. fFairsipe, fairness. \Fa\\e],)i,falleth. Falster, one of the Danish isles in the Baltic. Fandian, to try, prove. Fandung, temptation, trial, probation, inquiry. Cr'efangen, taken (prisoner). See Fon. Ger. gelangen. GLOSSARY. 223 Fann, II. 3? fan. Far, II. 3. fare, course, jour- ney, way. Faran, 1 3 faerS, pret. fur, Gefaran, / pp. faren, to go, journey. Fame, Fame Island. Fat, II. 2. fat. Fat-fylre (Vaet-fyllere), II. 2. vessel-filler, butler? abatis, i. e., according to Du Cange, an officer whose duty it was to distribute provender. Fax, for feax. Gefe&,joy. Gefeaht. See Feohtan. Feallan, "I 3 fylS, pret. Gefeallan, / feoll, to fall, fail. Gr. 234. Feala. See Fela. Fealu, fealo, fallow, dun, yellow, golden. Fealo-hilt, epithet of a sivord. Fear, II. 2. bullock. Feaw, "I /. reawa, y Feax, II. I. hair, lock; cae- saries. Febriende, in a fever. Feccan, \ Gefecgan, gefeccan, J ^ -fehte, to fetch, carry off- Fedan, 3 fett, to feed, also to bring forth. Dan. fode. Gr. 207. Fefor, II. 2. fever. fFeing, for fang, clasp, grasp. fFeirnes, for faegernys. Fel, II. 1 . skin, hide. fFel (fy\),fe/l; from fyllan. Fela, much, many. Ger. viel. Feld, II. 1. field. Gr. 76. fFele (fela), many, much. Fell. See Fel. fFelle, sane, of sound intel- lect. Fellen, leathern, also a felt, skin. Fen, II. I. fen. Fentr •»-* ^ p 8 ' s took. See F6n. Gefeng, j fFeo (feoh), money, wealth. fFeode (fedan), to feed. Feoh, III. 1. cattle, money. Gr. 91. Ger. Vieh. Gefeoht, III. I. fight, battle. Feohtan, 1 to fight. 3 fyht, Gefeohtan, / pret. feaht, pi. fuhton, pp. fohten. 2) to gain (by fighting). See also Geslean. Feol, file; feol-heard, file- hard, hard as a file ; an epithet given to a spear. Gefeol. See Feallan. Feolde, for folde. Feolian, to file. Feolo, i. q. fela. Gefeon, pret. -feah, pi. -fe- gon, part, -feonde, to re- joice. Feond, II. 2. enemy. Ger. Feind, Dan. Fjende. Feond-sceafia, hostile ruffian. Feor, far. fFeor, for, nam. Feorh, III. 1. life. Gr.91. Feorh-giefu, III. 3. vital gift, wine ? 224- GLOSSARY. Feorh-hus, II. 1. life-house, body. Feormian, to purge, cleanse. Feorran, afar, from afar. Gr. 339. Feovver, four. FeorSa, fourth. ¥eo\\erscyte,quadrcmgular; from scyt or sceat, an- gle. Feowertyne, fourteen. Feowertig, forty. Gefev, III. 1 i company, so- ciety. Gefera, companion. Geferseden, II. 3. society, fel- lowship. Geferscype, company, society, fraternity. Feran, pret. -ferde, to go, proceed, fare. Gr. 347. Cuman feran means sim- ply to come. Ferd, for fyrd, army. FerhSe, p." 149, 1. 16, pro- bably an error for fortS, or a word may be wanting, as cearige, after ferhfte. FerhS-gleaw, prudent-mind- ed, sagacious. Ferian, 1 . 7 r , . > to bear, carry, qo. rerigan, J J * G'eferod. See Ferian. fFerren ( feorran ),from afar, foreign. Fers, II. 1. verse. Fersafeld, Fersfield in Nor- folk. Yersc, fresh, not salt. Geferscipe, company, so- ciety. Ferwernan, E. Angl. for for- wyinan. Feste, for fseste, fast. Festnian. "I See Gefaest- GVfestnian. J nian. Fetigan, to fetch. Fett. See Fedan. Fettian, to contend. tFettel (faatels), vessel. G'efexod, having a head of hair, comatus; from feax, capillus. Fe])a, band, body. FeSe-last, on foot; from feSe, step, and last, track, footstep. FeJ?er, III. 1. feather, wing. Fe<5ung, footing, walking, steps. Fic-treow, III. 1. Jig-tree. Gr. 88. Fif, five. F\ha,fifth. Fi heofta, fifteenth. Fiftig, fifty. Fifty lie, fifteen. Fild, plain, champaign. Filian. See Fyligan. fFillenn, to fill, fulfil. GVfillan, to fill. Fin, II. 2. Fin. Findan, 2 finst, 3 fint, pret. fand, pi. fundon, to find. Gr. 195, 241. Finger, II. 2. finger. F\x\q\, fennel. Fir, II. 2. man, vir. Firmest. See Fyrmest. First. See Fyrst. Fisc, II. 2. fish. Gr. 77. GLOSSARY. 225 Fiscafi, 1 II. 2. the occupa- Fiscoft, j tion of fishing. Fisc-cyn, II. 1. fish-species. Fiscere, II. 2. fisher. Fixas, pi. of fisc. Gr. 77. Fixian, to fish. Fi]>ele, I. 3. fiddle. Flassc, II. 1. fiesh. Ger. Fleisch. (xeflsesclutmian, to clothe with fiesh, render incar- nate. Fhesclic, fiesh ly. Flaesc-mete, II. 2. flesh- meat. Fla, I. 3? 1 Flan, II. 2. J dart, arrow. Flasc,pl.flaxas,II.2. Gr.77. "I Flaxe, I. 3. flask, leathern / bottle, fiasco. Gr. p. 21. Fleah. See Fleogan. Fleam, II. 2. flight. Flede, flood, at flood-tide. Fleogan, fleon, pret. fleah, pi. flugon, imperat. fleoh, to flee, fly. Gr. 192, 235, 250. Fleogende, flying. Fleoh- net, II. 1. fly-net. Fleon. See Fleogan. Flesc. See Flaesc. Flett, II. 1 ? house, hall, couch, stratum. O. N. flet. Flet-sittende, sitting on couches, in convivio ac- cumbentes. Fligan. See Afligan. fFhj (fleoh),./?,// Flion, i. q. fleon. GVflit, III. 1. contest, dis- pute. Flftan, pret. flat, pi. fliton, to dispute, contend, fight. Floe, flock, baud, body. Floe, II. 1. sole? platissa. Flod, II. 1. & II. 2. flood. Ger. Fluth, Dan. Flod. Flor, II. 3. floor, pavement, story. Flot, float, on flot feran, to go afloat? Flota, fleet, sailor. Flotan, to float, flow. Flot-here, II. 2. army of sea- men. Flot-man, III. 2. sailor. Fiowan, to flow. Flud, i. q. flod. Flugon. See Afligan. Flyht,flight. Getty man, to put to flight, rout. Flys, II. 1. fleece, fur. Foda, fodda, food, support. Foder, fodder, II. 1. fodder, food. Ger. Futter. Fohte, p. 134, line 53, for feohte; ]»a waes feohte neh, then was the conflict nigh. Yo\a,foal. Folc, II. I. folk, people. Ger. Volk. Folcisc, vtdgar ; folcisee meun, common people. Folclic, popular. Folc-stede, II. 2. place of nations, field of battle. Folc-toga, leader of people. Folde, I. 3. earth. Folgere, II. 2. follower. Folgian, i. q. fyligan. l 5 226 GLOSSARY. Folm, II. 3. in sing. ? In pi. nora. and ace. it has folman ; poet. hand. Fon, "1 3 febS, pret. feng, 6refon, j to receive, take, begin ; to Jmm nee fon, succeed to the kingdom, undertake the government. Togaedere fon, to assemble. fFondien (fandian),fo/>rove, try. For, II. 3. way, journey, voy- age. For. See Faran. For, for, by reason of, through. For, before, prae, coram. For, for, notwithstanding. It. too, very. Dan. for. For rape, too quickly ; for wel oft, very often ; for an, only. Foran, before ; foran to, pre- viously. Forbaernan, to burn, to be burned. Ger. verbrennen. Forbeodan, pret. -bead, pi. -budon, pp. -boden, to forbid. Forbfgan, "I 3 -bigg (-biS), Forbfgean, J pret. -bean, to bow, bend, humble, de- cline, avoid. Gr. 347. fForblenndedd(forblindod), blinded. Forbredan, 3 -bryt, to pre- cipitate, overthrow, pro- strate, confringere. Forbugan, to eschew, avoid, withdraw from. See Bu- gan. Forbygan. See Forbfgan. Forbyrnan, v. n. pret. -barn, pi. -burnon, to burn, ar- dere. ForbyS. See Forbfgan. Forceorfan, pret. -cearf, pi. curfon, pp. -corfen, to cut, cut off, praecidere. Ford, II. 2. ford. Gr. 76. fFordemen (fordeman), to condemn. Fordon, to ruin, destroy. See Don. Fordrffan, to drive, bear away. See Drffan. Fordru wian, to dry up, wither. Fore, for, over, before, per, as fore maere, permagnus ; fore beon, praeesse. Forealdian, to grow old. Fore-cweden, aforesaid. Foregenga, foregoer, attend- ant ? Fore-gleaw, foreseeing, pro- vidus. Fore-lutan, to stoop or bow before (one). Fore-maare, very great. Forenspraacen, beforemen- tioned. Foresaid, foresaid. See Secgan. Foresceawian, to foresee, pre- ordain. Foreseon, to foresee, provide. See Gesedn. Foresednd, Providence. Gr. 118. Foresetnes, purpose. Forespraec, II. 3. predic- tion. GLOSSARY. 221 Foresprecen, Honed. before-men- Forestaepan, 1 pret. -stop, Forestaeppan, J to step be- fore, precede. Forewerd, forward, early. fForfaren, ruined, destroyed. Forfela, very many. Forfleon, to flee from, escape. See Fleon. Forgeldan, 1 3 -gylt, pret. Forgyldan, J -geald, pi. -guidon, pp. -golden, to pay, requite, compensate. Forgft'an, to forgive, give, grant. See Gffan. Forgifenis. See Forgyfenes. Forgrfpan, pret. -grap, pi. -gripon, to seize. Forgyfenes, forgiveness. Forgymeleasian, to neglect. Forgy tol, forgetful. Forhaefednys, abstinence. For-heard, intensely hard. Forheawan, pret. -heow, to cut down, slay, mangle. Forhergian, to harry, plun- der. Forhergung, ravage, devas- tation. Forhogian, to despise. Forhohnes, contempt. fForhowede (forhogode), despised. Forhradian, to get before, prevent. Forhtf ull, fearful. Forhtian, to fear. Forhtlice, fearfully. Forhtung, fear. forhogednes, fForhuste (forhyste ?), de- rided? from hysian, to hiss, deride ? Forhwaega, however, saltern. Forhwerfian, to turn, change. Forlaatan, pret. -let, to leave, let, let go, forsake, leave off; in-forlaetan, to let in. Forleoran, to leave. Forleosan, 3 -lyst, pret. -leas, 2 -lure, pi. -luron, pp. -16- ren, to lose. Gr. 251. Forlidenes, shipioreck. Forliden, shiptvrecked, from lioan, to sail, navigate. Forlfgere, III. 1. fornica- tion. Forloren, lost. See Forleo- san. Forlyst. See Forleosan. Forma (se) (seo, paet) forme, first. Forrotodnys, ?-ottenness, cor- ruption. fForrwerrpen (forweorpan), to cast away, reject. tForrJ)i, because. Dan. fordi. Forsacan, pret. -soc, to for- sake, refuse, deny. Forsceiidan, pret. -sceod, pp. -sceaden, to scatter. Forsceden, for forsceaden. See Forsceadan. Forsceoppan, to miscreaU, transform. Forscrincan, pret. -scrauc, pi. -scruncon, to shrink. wither. Forsearian, to sear, dry, wi titer. 228 GLOSSARY. Forseon, to despise. See Seon. Forseon, v. refl., to err, sin. Ger. sich versehen. Forsetnes, resolution, pur- pose, continuation. Forslean, 3 -slyS, pret. -sloh, pp. -slegen (-slagen), to slay, beat, strike off. Forspendan, to spend, con- sume. Forspillan, to destroy. Ger. verspillen. Forsuwian, to be silent, re- frain from uttering, pass in silence. Forswelgan, 3 -swyltS, pret. -swealh, pi. -swulgon, to swallow up, devour. Forsworen, forsworn, per- jured ; from forswaeran. Forwandian, to revere, re- spect; part, forwandi- gende, respectful. Forwegen, prostrate? fortS- wegen ? Forwel, very. ForweortSan (forwyrtSan), to perish, be ruined. See Weof&an. Forwerod, worn out, old. fForwerrpenn, to cast away, reject. 1 Forwurnen (forwyrnan), to refuse, forbid, prohibit from. Forwyrcan, pret. -wyrhte, to punish, injure, lose, Forwyrd, II. 3. destruction, ruin. Forwyrnan, to refuse, deny, prevent : governs dat. of person and gen. of thing. FortS, forth, along. For]?am, forpan, because, therefore ; for]>am ]?e, be- cause that. FortS-araesan, to rush forth. FortSarn. See FortSyrnan. FortS-ateon, "I pret. -teah, pi. FortS-teon, j -tugon, to bring forth, produce. FortSberan, to bear forth. See Beran. FortS-bringan, pret. -brohte, to bring forth. FortSdrffan, to drive on. fFortSe (furpon), indeed, even, quidern. fForfeddte (forpod), fur- thered, forivarded ; from for^ian. FortS-faran, pret. -for, to go forth, depart, die; forS- faren, dead. FortSferan, to depart,go forth, die. It. to bear forth ; fortSfered, borne forth, dead. FortS for, II. 3. departure, death. FortSgan, 1 to proceed, go FortSgangan, J forth. See Gan. FortSgenge, successful. FortSgeorn, anxious to go forth, intrepid. FortS-gewitan, to go or pass forth. Forfi, therefore, on that ac- count, for, because. Dan. fordi. GLOSSARY. 229 ForJ>yldian, 1 Forfiyldgan, J Creforpian, /o further, execute. ForS-laestan, to continue,ful- Jil, perform, execute. Forfton, because, therefore. In Nor. Gloss, for witod- lice. ForS-si3, II. 2. departure, death. For5-si<5ian, to travel onward. ForS-staeppan, pret. -stup, to step forth, proceed, ema- nate. ForS-tedn, to carry on, pro- trahere, produce. See Teon. For})y. See For]>i. to bear pa- tiently, en- dure. Forpylmed, enveloped, sur- rounded. See Cod. Exon. p. 217, 1. 23. For5-yrnan, to run on, con- tinue. Fot, III. 2. foot. Gr. 96. Fdt-cops, II. 2. fetter. Fdt-mael, II. 1. foot-measure. Fdt-sceamel, II. 2? foot- stool. Dan. Fodskammel. Fot-svvaeft, III. 1. foot-trace. Fracod, fraced, shameful, vile, indecent. Fraecednys, peril. Fraeng. Fraetwian, "I to fret, Gefraetewian, J adorn. Fraetewung, decoration, or- nament. Fraetu, III. 1. ornament, in plur. arms. Gr. 95. Frain, from, by. See Fregnan. Fram-adrffan, to expel. t Frame (f'reme), profit, be- nefit. Fram-gewftan, to depart from. See Gewftan. Framian, to promote, pro- jit, prodesse. See Fre- mian. Franca, javelin. Frea, lord, chief. Goth. Frauja, Ger. fern. Frau. Freatewung. See Fraete- wung. Frecnys, danger. Gef redan, to feel, perceive. Frefrian, 1 to console, com- Crefrefrian, / fort. Frefriend, II. 2. Comforter. Gr. 118. Fregnan, 1 pret. fraegn Gefregnan, / (fraeng), pi. -frugnon, pp. -frunen, to ask, inquire. It. to hear, learn, understand. In like manner, axian signifies both to ask and to be in- formed (of anything). So also the Goth, fraihnan, O. Sax. gifraegnan, and Dan. spdrge, O. N. spyrja, investigare, quaerere, 2) rescire. Fremde, fremed, strange, fo- reign, alien. Ger. fremd, Dan. fremmed. Fremful, efficacious, useful. Fremian, 1 to effect, per- Cefremian, I feet, perpe- Fremigan, | irate, pro- Gehe m m an , J m ote, im - prove, benefit. J:;o GLOSSARY. Fremsumnes, kindness, bene- ficence. Freo, free, liberal, noble. Freodu (read freoSu,) III.3. peace, friendship. Freoh. See Freo. Freolice, freely. Freols, II. 2. festival. Freols-tfd, II. 3. feast-time. Freond, II. 2. friend, part. of freon, to love. Freorig, frigid, chilly, shud- dering. Freoscipe, ingenuousness, gentleness. Freosan, pret. fror, pp. fro- ren, to freeze. FreoSian, i. q. GefriSian. Frigdseg, II. 2. Friday. Frimdi, frimdig, suppliant. FrimS. See FryraS. FriS, II. 2. peace. Ger. Friede. FriSes, adv., in peace. GefriSian, to protect. Ger. befriedigen. Frod, stricken in years, aged, confectus, wise, prudent. Frodade, p. 153, 1. 9. qu. for freoSode ? Frofor, frofer, II. 3. comfort; se Frofor- Gast, the Com- forting Spirit. From, bold, strenuous, pious. Ger. from, pious. From. See Fram. Fromlice, boldly, strenu- ously. Fronden, for freondum. Frum, a prefix signifying first. Fruma, beginning. Frum-cenned, first-born; from cennan. Frum-gar, II. 2. chieftain. See Grimm, And. and El. p. 124-, andD. G. ii.p.631. Frumsceaft,II. 2? beginning of things, creation. Frym<5, II. 3. beginning, origin. Frym]?elic, primitive. Frynd, i. q. and pi. of freond. Gr. 100. Frysan, the Frisians, appa- rently those on the west coast and isles of the Cim- bric Chersonesus. Frysland, Friesland. Fugel-cyn, II. 1. bird-spe- cies. Fugelere, II. 2. fowler. Fugl, fugel, fugol, II. 2. fowl, bird. Ger. Vogel, Dan. Fugl. Fu\,foul. fFulaet, for fulaS. fFulde (fylde), felled, slew ; from fyllan. fFulede (fylode), followed; from fylian. Fulfremed, perfect. N.B. fulfremedre, at p. 38, line 21 , seems an error of the MS. for fulfremedra. Fulfremednys, perfection. Fulfremman, to execute, ac- complish, perfect. Fulian, to foul, rot, putrefy. Fxti\,full, complete. fFulle (feollon), fell ; from feallan. GLOSSARY. 231 Fullian, "1 make full, to Fyllan, 1 to Jill, feed, fulfil, GVfullian, J baptize. Gefyllan, J occupy. YnWice, fully, entirely. Fyllan, to fell, slay. Fulluht, II. 2. baptism. Gr. Gefyllednis, fullness, fulfil- 308. ment, completion. Fulluhtere, II. 2. baptizer, Gefylsta, helper, supporter, baptist. succour. Fultum, II. 2. help, support, Fylstan, to help, support. force. Fynd, pi. of f'eond. Gr. 100. Fultumian, \to favour, Fyr, II. l.fire. Gefultumian, J support ; Fyr. See Feor. to gefultumian, to help to. Fyrd, II. 3. army, march, Fulvviht, i. q. fulluht. military expedition. Furh, II. 3. furrow. Fyrd-rinc, II. 2. warrior. FurS, forth ; fur]>ra, further, Fyrd-wic, II. 1 ? tent; in pi. prior ; fyrmest, first. Gr. camp. 51. Fyrhto, "I III. S.fear, horror, Furpon, indeed, only, even, Fyrhtu, J dread. Gr. 103. moreover, vel, quidem. Tjr\en,far, distant. Fr. meme. Fyrmest, foremost, first, FurSor, further ; comp. of chiefly. J° V *' t ■ h ; 5f7' ] of old, long r us, prompt, impetuous, has- Cretyrn, J J * tening. Fyrrest, furthest, from Feor. fFusde (fysde), started; Fyr-spearca., fire-spark. from fysan. Fyrst, Jirst,chief. Ger. Fiirst. fFuse, will drive away; Fyrst, II. 2. space, period. from fysan. Ger. Frist. Fuse, promptly, rapidly. Fyr<5rian, to further, promote. fFusen, 1 (fysan,) to hasten, Fyrwit, \ curiosity. Ger. fFusi, J hurry. Fyrwitnys, J Vorwitz. Ff\,file. See Feol. Fysan, to drive, send forth Fyl. See Fyll. (arrows), send away. Fylaen. E. Angl. for Fulian. Fysan, recipr. to hasten, rush. Fylgan , to fill, glut, get drunk. Fyligan, fylian, "1 tofollo ^ G . Fyligean, J J Fyll, II. 3. falling, slaughter; Gad, for gegada, comrade ? from fyllan, to fell. It. or lack, want. Goth. fill, glut, from fyllan, to gaidw? See Grimm, fill. And. and El. p. 160. since. 232 GLOSSARY. Gad, II. 3. goad. Gaderian, "I to gather, col- (Vegaderian, / lect. Cregaderung, gathering, con- gregation, society. Gad-isen, II. 1. goad-iron. (jdamemgende,gaming,play- ing. Gsers, II. 1. grass. Gr. 33, 68. Gaerstapa, grasshopper, lo- cust. Gaest, for gast. Gaet. See Geat. Gaey-saet, afterwards Geist, now Guist, in Norfolk, near Fakenham. Gafeloc, gaueloc, II. 2. ja- velin. O. N. Gaflok. Gafol, II. 1. tribute, tax. GalferhcS, libidinous. Galmod, furious, libidinous. Dan. gal. Gamenian, to game, play. Gan, "1 3 gae5 (ga'8), pret. Gangan, J eode, to go, walk. Gr. 212. fGan, began, undertook? Gegan, \ to take, capture, Cregangan, / gain, get. Gandis, Gyndes, a river of Assyria. Gang, II. 2. gait, course, walk, house of office. Gangan. See Gan. Gar, II. 2. weapon, spear, javelin. This, like some other masculines of the same declension, in poetry, sometimes loses the pi. ter- mination -as. Gar-berend, arms-bearing. Gar-gewinn, III. 1. war aet grene, tke green (side or part). Greot, dust. Gretan, 1 to greet. Gr. G'egretan, J 207. Greting, greeting. GLOSSARY. 235 made peace with; from gegrifiian. Grim, grim, horrible, dire. Grimastun, Grimston in Norfolk, near Lynn. Grimitan. See Gryme- tian. Grfn, III. I. gin, snare. Grindan, pret. grand, pi. grundon, to grind; pp. gegrunden, g round, sharp- ened. Grfpan, "1 p r et. grap, pi. Gegrfpan, j gripon, to gripe, seize. Gristbi'tiao, to gnash {with the teeth). Grift, II. 2. peace. Growan, pret. greow, to grow. Gr. 234. Grund, II. 2. ground, world, depth, abyss, cause, rea- son. Grymetian, to roar, cry out, grunt, gnash. Gryre, horror, terror. GrySian, to pacify, make peace. Guma, man. fGume (guma), man. Guft, II. 3. war, battle. Gu5-fana, military standard, gowfanon. For the inter- change between \ and n, see Gr. p. 22. GuS-frec, eager for battle. Guft-plega, war-play, battle. Guo-rinc, II. 2. warrior. Gufi-sceorp, II. 1. military habit. Gyddung, song, parable, poetic composition, poetic style. Gyden, II. 3. 1 , , r< a to ? goddess. Gydene, I. 3. J J Gyf, gif, if. Gyfe, p. 110, line 3, f . b ? Gyf'u, III. 3. gift, grace, fa- vour. Gygand, gigant, II. % giant. fGyl, guile. Gyld. See Gild. Gyldan. See Gildan. Gylden, golden. Gylian, to yell, cry. Gylp, II. 1 ? vaunt, vain- glory, pride. Gylp- word, II. 1. bold,vaunt- ing word. Gylt, II. 2. guilt, sin, debt. Gym, II. 2. gem. Gyman, to take care, heed, have charge of. Dan. gjemme. Gymeleast, II. 3. heedless- ness, negligence. Gyrd, II. 3.yard,rod, switch. Ger. Gerte. Gyrdel, II. 2. girdle. Gyrla, vestment, garment. Gyrne. See Georne. Gyrnan, 1 to de- Gyrnian, geornian, j sire, yearn. Gyrstan-dgeg,II.2. yesterday. Gysel. See Gisel. Gyst, II. 2. guest. Gyst-ern, II. 1. guest-cham- ber. Gyst-sal. III. 1. guest-saloon or -hall. Gyt, yet, still. 236 GLOSSARY. Gyt, ye (two). Gr. 137. Gytsian, to desire, covet; gytsiend, covetous. Gytsung, avarice, covetous- ness. Gyu, already. 3. [This letter, used in Semi-Saxon and early English, had the sound ofy.] t3aer, p. 158, 1. 15? f3am (heom), them. , , ' > long since, of yore. f3arrkedd (gearcod), pre- pared. f3e (heo), she. t3ede, pi. gedenn (eode), went ; from gan. f3edede (geddode), sang ; from geddian. t3ef (geaf), gave. f3emelich, heedful, sorrow- ful. t3enge (geong), young. f3eo (heo), she. t3er (ger), year. f3ernde (gyrnde), yearned, desired ; from gyrnan. f3ernen (gyrnan), to yearn, desire, solicit. f3et, yet. f3euen (gifan), to give. f3ou, you. f3ungest (geongest), young- est. f3ure (eowre), your, pi. f3u\v (eow), you. t3u<5full (geoguSful), youth- ful. H. fHa, her, they, for hf. Habban, 3 p. he hajf<5, pret. haefde, to have, account, hold, detain. Gr. 216. Hacele, I. 3. garment. Haeod, II. 2. pike, lucius. Haconos, Hackness, on Whitby Strand, thirteen miles from Whitby and three from Scarborough. Had, II. 2. order, degree, office, state, person. /hadedon, for gehadodum, ordained, consecrated, i. e. priests ; from gehadian. G'ehadian, to ordain, conse- crate. Hadung, ordination, conse- cration. Haebban, pret. hof, to lift, move. Gr. 237. fHaefedd (heafod), head; on haefedd, at the head. Haefede, for haefde. Haefet, for heafod. Haefod, E. Angl. for heafod. Haeft, haft, hilt, sword, per synecdochen? p. 149, 1.45. Haeftan, 1 pp. gehaefted, Crehaeftan, / gehaeft, to seize, bind, hold, detain ; gehaefd, afflicted. Gehsehmn, to capture, catch. fHae^e, high, noble. Hailan, 1,7? n i y\ r to heal, cure. Geheelan, J Haelend, II. 2. healer, the Saviour. The name Jesus is thus translated in the GLOSSARY. 237 A. S. Gospels. O. Sax. Heliand, Ger. Heiland. Hadefi, II. 2. man, hero. O. Sax. Helith, Ger. Held. Had eft often occurs in the pi. for hadeSas. Haelfter, II. 3. halter, cha- nms. Haelu, III. 3. health, salva- tion, safety. Gr. 103. HeelS, II. 3. health. Haiman, to associate with, have to do with, coire, concumbere ; on unriht haeman, fornicari, mce- chari. fHaen (hean), loiv, vile, con- temptible. fHaengenne, raised, exalt- ed. f Haengest (hengest), horse, pach-horse. Ger. Hengst, stallion. Gehaep, apt, fitting. Haepse, hasp. Haer, II. 1 ? hair. f Hserabarewude, harbour- ed ; from herebeorgan : cognate with Ger. Her- berg, an inn, hostel ; Old Fr. Herberge. Haerfaest, II. 2. harvest. Haerincg, II. 2. herring. Haerlice, nobly, generously, bravely. Ger. herrlich. f/haermed, irritated. fHaerne, hercne (heorcne), Jwarhen ! Haesu, III. 3. behest, com- mand. Haet. See Hittan. Gehaetan, pret. -het, to pro- mise. Haete, 1.3. \ j ientwarmt j u Haetu, 111. 3. J tHae])elic (hetelice), with hate, hostilely ? Haej>en, heathen. Hse]>enscipe, heathenship. HaeSum (aet), Sleswig. Haejmng, heating. Hafenian, to lift, raise ; de- riv. of haebban. Hafenleas, sparing, want- ing. Hafoc, II. 2. hatvk. Haga, haw, hedge ; perhaps also a place inclosed by a hedge. Hagol, II. 2. hail. Ger. Hagel. fHahte (het), commanded ; from hatan. fHaihte, halite, and hehte (hatte), was called. *~ ~' i hale, whole, sound. Genal, J fHalde (addu), age. •j-Halde, holde, hold. Hal- det on, adheres to. fihaled, E. Angl. for ge- haded. Halettan, to hail, salute. Halga, saint; ealle halgan, allhallows, all saints. Gehalgian, to hallow, conse- crate, dedicate. Halgoland, II. 1 . an ancient divisiofi of Norway, near- ly corresponding appa- rently with the present Norrland. 238 GLOSSARY. Halgung, hallowing, conse- cration. Halig, holy, saint. Ger. hei- lig, Dan. hellig. Gr. 125. Haligdom, sanctuary, relic. Halignes, holiness, sanctity. Hall. See Heall. Hals, II. 2. neck. Ger. Hals. Halsian, to supplicate, he- seech. Halsung, prayer, supplica- tion. Hahvende, healing, salutary. Ham, II. 2. home. fHam, them. Dan. ham. Hamweard, homeward. Hancred, II. 2. cock-crowing, watch of the night. Hand, hond, II. 3. hand. Gr. 83. On hand gan, to yield. Ger. Hand, Dan. Haand. I am unable to account for the use of ' hand ' in the phrase (p. 74, 1. 4) ' hand swa gelfce.' It occurs in all the MSS., though Matt. xxv. 5. reads 'fam swa gelfce.' Hand-bred, III. 1. palm of the hand. Hand-geweorc, II. 1 . handi- work. Hangian, neut. to hang. Har, hoar. Hara, hare. -fHare (anre), to a; thus mire for mfnre. fHarpe (hearpe), harp. Has, hoarse. Ger. heise. Hat, heat, fervour, hate. Hat, hot. Gehat, II. ]. promise, stipu- lation. Hatan, 1 3 haet, pret. het, Gehatan, J pp. -haten, to command, promise. Gr. 234. Hatan, pret. het, to call, to be called, pret. hatte, pp. haten. Ger. heissen, Dan. hede. Hence our word hight, teas called. Gehaten, called. See Hatan. t /haten, for gehaten. Hatian, to hate. Gehat-lond, II. 1. land of promise. fHauen (hsefen), haven, port. Hauoc, i. q. hafoc. Heafde, i. q. haefde ; from habban. Heafod, III. 1. head. Ger. Haupt. Heafod-burh, II. 3. chief 'city. Heafod-ece, II. 2. head- ache. Heafod-gerfm, II. 1. chief or greatest number. Heated-man, head-man,cap- tain. Ger. Hauptmann. Heafod-weard, II. 2. chief watch or guard. Heage, adv. high. Heagosteald, and Heago- stealdes-ea, Hexham. Heah, high, stormy. Heah-ealdor, II. 2. chief priest or elder. Heah-engel,II. 2. archangel. Heah-faeder, II. % patriarch. GLOSSARY. 239 Heah-gcrefa, chief minister. Heah-gesaninung, chief of the synagogue. Heahnes. See Ilehnys. Heah-sacerd, II. 2. high- priest. Heah-setl, III. 1. high seat, throne. Heahpungen, high, of high rank. Healdan, "I 3 hylt (healt), Gehealdan, J pret. heold, pp. healden, to hold, keep, possess, preserve, reserve, treat, conduct. Healdend, II. 2. guardian, chief. Gr. 118. Healdon, p. 124, line 8, for healdan. /healed, for gehaeled. Healf, II. 3. half, side, divi- sion, part. Be healfe, by side. Healic, high, sublime, exalt- ed. Healice, highly, loftily. Heall, II. 3. hall, house. Healt, hall, lame. Heanlic, vile, disgraceful. Heap, II. 2. heap, collection, body. Ger. Haufe. Heard, hard, severe, rugged, bold; heard beam, hard timber tree ? Hearde, hardly, sternly, boldly. Heardlice, hardly, harshly, boldly ; also corruptly for ardlice, speedily. Heard-neb, hard-nib, or -bill: epithet of the raven. Heard nys, hardness. Hearm, 11.2. harm, calamity. Hearpe, I. 3. harp. Hearpere, II. 2. harper. Hearpian, to harp. Hearpe-naegl, II. 2. harp- nail, plectrum. Hearpe-streng, II. 2. harp- string. Hearpung, harping. Gr. 83. Hearra, lord, master. Ger. Herr. Heawan, ] pret. heow, pp. Creheawan, / heawen, to hew, cut doivn, slay. HeaSo-rinc, II. 2. warrior ; from heaSo, an old word signifying war. See Grimm, D. G. ii. p. 460, and Kemble, Beow. i. p. 254. Heddern, II. 1. pantry, store- room. Hefe, II. 2. weight. Hefelic, heavy. Hefig, heavy, tedious. Hefigian, to afflict ; hefigad, afflicted. Hefignes, 1 heaviness, pain, Hefines, J affliction. Hefigtyme, tedious, trouble- some. Hege, II. 2. hedge, haw. Ger. Hage. See Haga. fHe} (heh), high. fHe^hesst (hehst), highest. Hehnys, height, high, in oil high. Hehst, hyhst, highest. Gr. p. 51. fHehte (hatte), was called. 2i0 GLOSSARY. fHeh, high. Hele-wah, II. 2. heel-wall; hele-wages, for -wagas, Serai-Sax. Helia, Elisha. Hell, II. 3. hell. Hellic, hellish. Hell-scea]>a, hell-miscreant. Hell-wara, I. 2. 1 inhabit- Hell-waru, III. 3. / ants of hell. Gr. 10*. Helm, II. 2. helmet, crown, crown or head of a tree. Help, help. Gehelpan, pret. -heolp (-healp), pi. -hulpon, to help. fHemra, them. Dan. ham. Hende, 1 ,-1 , i > near. Gehende, J fHende, hendy, clever, cour- teous, easily, genteel. Hen-fugel, II. 2. hen-foid. Heo, she, they. Gr. 137- Heofoi Heofone, Heofonlic, heavenly. Heofon-rice, III. 1. kingdom of heaven. Heofung, groan. fHeold (yldo), age. Heolfrig, bloody, gory. Heolster, II. Leave, hiding- place. Heolster, dark, obscure. Heonon, hence. Heonon-forS, henceforth. Heonu, lo, ecce. Heorcnian, to hearken, listen. Heord, II. 3. herd, custody. Heorra. See Hearra. >n, II. 2, 3. \ heaven. me, I. 3. J Gr.71. Heort, II. 2. hart. Heorte, I. 3. heart. Heortea, Hartlepool. Heoru-waepen, III. 1. mar- tial weapon ; from heoru, sword. Goth, hairus, O. Sax. heru, O. N. hiorr. HeorS-geneat, II. 2. hearth- (i. e. household-") retainer, vassal. HeorS-werod, II. 1. hearth- (i. e. household-) band, retainers. fHeos (hits), house. Heow. See Heawan. tHeowe (hiw), hue, aspect. Her, here, hoc tempore v. anno. Heran, pret. herde. fHerberia, harbour, lodging. fHerbor^ede. See Haera- barewude. fHercne, hearken. /herde, for gehyrde. Here, II. 2. army, band. Here-byrne, II. 3. corselet, coat of mail. Here-folc, II. I. army. Heregeat, III. 1 . heriot, mi- litary equipment, weapon. Herenes, praise. Here-pafi, II. 2. army-path, military road. Here-reaf^ II. 1. military habit. Here-toga, general, leader, dux ; from tedn. Ger. Herzog, Dan. Hertug. Here-waeSa, leader, general. Hergian, to harry, ravage, plunder. GLOSSARY. 241 Hergung, harrying, ravage, warfare. Herian, to praise. Herige, II. 2. i. q. here, army. See Warton, H. E. P. i. p. lxxiii. ed. 1840. H.erigend\ice,praisewortkily. i'Heri^en (hergian), to make war, harry, lay waste. Ge\\ev nes, hearing. Crehersumnes, obedience. Herung, praise. Het. See Hatan. Hete, II. 2. hate. fHett, contr. for he itt. Hettan, to hunt, persecute. Ger. hetzen. Hi, they, them, her. Hiabenlic, E. Angl. for heo- fonlic. Hiegan,fo strive, meditate, at- tempt. Hiegan to handum, to strive hand to hand ? Hider, hither. Hierosolim-waru, inhabit- ants of Jerusalem. Hig, they, them. See Hi. Hig, II. 1. hay. Hig, Of Higdi-fset, III. 1. calidile. Gr. 88. Hige, II. 2. mind, thong///. Hige-rdf, magnanimous. H igo, jam ily, domestics. Higum, for hfwuui. See Hfwan. fHi^ing, haste. From higian. Hiht, II. 2. hope. Hild, II. 3. war, battle. fllilomp, for ilomp. See Lomp. Hilt, II. 1. hilt. Him, to them. Gr. 137- Hindergep, wily, subtle, ver- sutus. Hine, ace. masc. him. Gr. 137. fHine, for in. Hingrian, i. q. hyngrian. Hin-sift, II. 2. departure, death. Hio, for heo. Hioua, for hfwena. Gehivan. See Gehyran. fHird, for hired. Hirdraeden, II. 3. charge, custody. fHire, her. Hired, II. 2. family, convent. Hired-cniht, 1 retainer, vas- Hired-man, J sal, domes- tic. Hireman. See Hyrigman. His, his, its. Gr. 137. Hit, Hyt, Hfw, 11.2. hue, species, aspect, form, guise. H fwan, plur. family, persons living together as in a monastery, also domestics. Gehfwian, to appear, feign, have semblance. Hfwisc, II. 3? family. Hfwraeden, II. 3. house, fa- mily. Hfwscipe, society, family, convent. Hliidan, pret. hlod, to draw (water), haurire. Hlad'dig,II. 3. lady, the queen of the TV. Saxons thus M it. Gr. 137. 242 GLOSSARY. called. (See Lappenberg's England under the An- glo-Saxon Kings, i. p.274. Engl, transl.) Hkest, II. 2. load, lading. Gehlsestan, to load; pp. gehlaest. Hlaf, II. 2. loaf, bread. Hlaford, II. 2. lord, master. Hlafordleas, lordless. Hlanc, lank. Gehleapan, 3 -hlypS, pret. 'hleop, to leap, mount. Hlemman, pret. [hlam], pi. hlummon, to sound, re- sound. Hleo, III. 3 ? "1 shade, shel- HleowS, II. 3. J ter, refuge. Gr. 103. Hleo]>or, III. 1 ? sound, noise. G'ehlid, covered; from ge- hlidan, to cover. Hence ovir I id. Illihhan, pret. hloli, pp. hlo- gon, to laugh. Hlfsa, fame, reputation, ru- mour. H 1 fsful , celebrated, famous. Hloh. See Hlihhan. Hlosnian, to wait for. HI tide, loudly. HI utter, pure, clear, simple. Ger. lauter. G'ehlyd, II. 1. tumult, noise. f/elilyd. See Gehlid. Hlydan, to make a noise, riot. Hlynian, to make a tumult. Hlystan, 1 to hear, heark- Cr'ehlystan, J en, listen. Crehlywan, to cover, shelter. Hnet, Nor. for net. Hnoll, II. 2. crown of the head. Hogian, to think, care, de- sign. Hohful, sad, contemplative. fHol (hal), wkole, sound. Hold, faithful. tHold (eald), old. tHoldian (ealdian), to grow old. Holdrseden, II. 3. fidelity, devotion, kindness. H ol dscipe, fidelity. Holian, to hollow, excavate. Holm, Holm in Norfolk, near Hunstanton. Holt, II. 1. holt, toood. Ger. Holz. tHoni (ham), home. tHoncu])(uncu8), unknown, strange. Hopian, to hope. Hordr£fcden, II. 3. custody, guardianship, charge. Horithi, a people to the east of the Dalamensan. Horn-boga, liorned-bow. Hors, II. 1. horse. Horse, valiant. Hors-hwael, II. 2. horse- ivhale, walrus. Horu, III. 1. filth, sordes. Hosp, II. 2. insult, con- tempt. t/hote (gehaten), called. fHo])t (owiht), aught. See Ko)>t. Hoxen, Hoxne, in Suffolk, near Diss, where JEad- GLOSSARY. 243 mnnd, king of the E. An- gles, was cruelly slain by the Dunes. Hraeding, hurry, haste. Hraedlic, quick, sudden. Hrtedlice, speedily, soon. Hraegl, II. \.garmoit,swad- dling band, rail, as in night-rail. Hr£n, II. 2. raindeer. Hraew, II. 2. dead carcase. Hraew, for hrsewas, occurs in the plur. See Haeleo - , etc. Hrun, II. 2. whale. HraSe, quickly, soon. Hream, II. 2. scream, cry. Hreaw. See Hreow. Hreconlice (reconlice), Nor. for hrsedlice, forthwith. Hrefn, "1 TT a TT > II. 2. raven. Hremm, J Hreofl, II. 2. 1 , Hreofla, J ^ r * Hreofl ig, leprous. Hreofnys, roughness, lepro- sy. Hreoh. See Hreow. Hreosan, pret. hreas,2 hrure, pi. hruron, pp. gehroren, to rush, fall. Gr. 251. Hreow, *| raw, rug- Hreowig, > ged,cruel, Hreowig- mode, J ferocious. Hrepan, to touch. HreSer, II. 2. mind, breast, pectus. Hricg, II. 2. back. Hrfnan, pret. hran, pi. hri- non, to touch ; gov. genit. Gr. 395. Hring, II. 2. ring. Hring-loca, ringed inclosure or envelope, coat of mail. HriSer, III. 1. ox. HriSian, to be sick of fever, febricitare. 6rehr6den, adorned. From hreodan ? See Cod. Ex- on. p. 521. Hrof, II. 2. roof, top, sum- mit, covering. Gehroren. See Hreosan. Ilryman, to cry. Hryre, II. 2. rush, fall; from hreosan. HrySer. See Hrio"er. Hit, hoiv. fHude (hyd), hide, skin. Hugende, for hogende or hicgende. See Hogian. StiS-hugende, sternly bent. tHuie, p. 158, 1.21? Hula, ivhat ! Humeta, how. Hund, II. 2. hound, dog. Ger. Hund. Hund, II. 1. hundred. Gr. 177. Hund-eahtatig, eighty. Hund-seofantig, seventy. Hund-twelftig, hundred and twenty. Hungrig, hungry. Hunig, II. 1. honey. Hunig-swet, sweet as honey. |Hunne, hinna (heona), hence. H unstanes-tun, Hunstanton, on the N. W. jjoint of Norfolk. Hunta, hunter. m 2 244 GLOSSARY. HuntaS, II. 2. the occupation of limiting. Huntian, to hunt. Huntnold, hunting ; pro- bably an error for hunt- ung or huntnaS. Huntung, hunting, chase, game, quarry. Hup-seax, II. 1. hip-knife, short sword; so called from being borne on the hip. Hure, for huru. Huru, moreover, chiefly, at least, saltern, quidem. Huru-junga, at least, at all events. Hus, Uz. Hus, II. 1 . house. Husel, husl, II. 1. housel, eucharist. Goth. Hunsl, victim. Huxlice, shamefully, un- worthily, contemptuously. Hwa, ivho, any one, quis- piam. G-'ehwa, each, every one. Hwsel, II. 2. whale. Gr. 69. Hwaal-hunta, whale-hunter. Hwsene, ace. of hwa, whom, each, every, any one. Gr. 157. Hwsenne, when. Hwaer, where. G'ehwser, ~) f Ih wser, > everywhere. f/war, J Hwget, what, why, anything, somewhat, quid, /of yes! hwaet la, well ! so J hwset }>a, well, thereupon. This use of hwset is hardly translatable. See Grimm, D. G. iv. pp. 448-450. Hwa?te, II. 2. ivheat. Hwseten, wheaten. Hwaetlic, quick. HwseJ>er, if, whether 9 num ? Hwaejjer . . . . J>e, whether . ... or. Hwsepere, yet, still, notwith- standing. Hwse];>ere-)}eah, nevertheless. Gehwse))er, either, both. Hwam, dat. of hwa. Gr. 157. Hwanon, whence. Hwealfa, vault, arch. It. adj. vaulted, arched, con- vex. Hwearfade (p. 153) for wearpade (wearp) ? Hwearfum, in turn, one after another. Hwemm, II. 2. corner. Hwene, a little. Hweol, III. 1. ivheel. Hweorfan, hwyrfan, pret. hwearf, pi. hwurfon, to re- turn, turn, convert. Hwf, why. Hwiccia, the country now forming the diocese of Worcester. Hwfl, II. 3. while, time. Hwilc. See Hwylc. G'ehwilc, each, every, every one. Hwflon, whilom, once, for- merly, sometimes. Hwistlung, whistling. GLOSSARY. 24-5 Hvvft, white. Dan. Hvid. Hwon, for hwam, why, as pon for ]>am. Gr. 14-7. II won, a little., somewhat, paululum. Hwdnlice, little. Hwonon. See Hwanon. Hwyder, 1 Hwider, j whither. Hwylc, anyone, what, which, qualis. Crehwylc. See Gehwilc. Hwyrfan. 1 See Hweor- Gehwyrfan.j fan. Hycgan. See Hicgan. Hyd, II. 3. hide, skin, hide of land. Hyder. See Hider. Hygeleast, II. 3. thoughtless- ness, scurrility. Hyhst, highest, greatest. Gr. p. 51. Hyht. See Hiht. Hyht-giefu, III. 3. joyful g>f L Hyhtlic, joyous. Hyht-wyn, II. 3. joy of hope. Hyld, II. 3. 1 fidelity, fa- <7ehyld, J vour, grace, observance. Hyldo, hyldu, III. 3. grace, favour, fidelity, homage. Gr. 103. Hylt. See Healdan. Hynan, to insult, spoil, in- jure. Ger. hdhnen. Hyngrian, v. impers. with ace. of person, to hunger. Ger. sich hungern. Hyn<5, II. 3. "1 injury, op- HynSu, III. 3. J probrium, insult, loss. Hyr, II. 3. hire, wages. Hyra, their. Gr. 137- s,\ s ' /to hear, obey. (rehyran, J u Cehyran, to belong. Ger. gehoren. Hyrde, II. 2. shepherd, pas- tor, keeper. Ger. Hirt. Hyrdeman, III. 2. herdsman, shepherd. Hyre, her. Gr. 137. Hyrian, to hire. Hyrigman, III. 2."] hireling, Hyrling, II. 2. > labour- Hyrman, III. 2. j er. Hyrned, horny ; whence hyrned-nebba, with horny nib or beak, an epithet of the eagle. Hyrre, higher; comp. of heah. Gr. p. 51. Hyrst, II. 3. ornament. (rehyrsum, obedient. Ger. gehorsam. Hyrsumian, ~\toobey,fol- Gehyrsumian, J low. Hysse, hyse, II. 2. youth, man. Crehywian. See Gehfwian. Hyxlice. See Huxlice. I. fl (hi), they. -j-I, in. Dan. i. Ic, /. Gr. 137. Idel. See Ydel. 246 GLOSSARY. I del, idleness. Ides, II. 3. woman. Igl, il, yl, II. 2. porcupine. Ger. I gel. Igland, II. 1. island. flhwaer (gehwaar), every- where. II, II. 2. sofe of the foot. lie, sa?«e. See Ylc. Ilfing, within. Inne, J Inneweard, inside, intestines. At p. 1 19, 1. 4, we should II. 1. iron. perhaps read inneweard- re. InnoS, II. 2. inside, womb, pi. intestines. flnntill, into. Dan. indtil. Insettan, to institute, esta- blish. Intinga, cause, sake, fault, thing. See Inca. Into, into. Imveard, i. q. Inneweard. Inwid, guileful, treacherous, wicked. lob, Jove. tlradmon (hired-man), do- mestic, follower. Iren, Isen, Isaland, II. 1. Iceland. The MS. of Orosius reads Ira- land (Ireland), by which J. R. Forster, in his geo- graphical commentary, supposes Scotland to be intended. Isen, adj. of iron. f/sen (geseon), to see. Isene-smiS, II. 2. iron-smith. Isern, iron. It. adj. of iron, ferreus. Ispanige, Spain. Iu, long ago, of old, of yore. Iudeisc, Jeicish, Jew. flueore, together. s?. , .' \ to yoke. Geiukian, J a Iuncer, II. 2. younker ; used apparently as the Ger. Junker, a young noble- man. GLOSSARY. 247 lung, i. q. geong. flwar (gehwaer), every- where. Iwih, Nor. for eow. ISacige, Ithaca. Kalcacester, " Calcaria An- tonini, hodie Tadcas- ter," — Camden. Or Neicton Kyme, according to Dodsworth, Gale, and Gibson; or, "juxta MS. Ingleby, Aberforth," — Lye. Kanon, canon. fKanunnk, canon. Kasere, II. 2. emperor. Ger. Keiser. Kempa, cempa, champion, soldier. Ger. Kampfer, Dan. Kaemper. Kene, i. q. cene. Kim<5, for cym<5. fKine-lond (cyne-lond), \ fKine-rice (cyne-rfce), J kingdom. fKine-peod, kingdom. Kining, i. q. cyning. Kirke, Circe. KiS, for cy$. See Cyfan. fKiJ>e]>j> (cytS), shoiveth, ?na- nifesteth ; from cyfan. Kynelice, in a kingly man- ner. Kyngc, kyng, II. 2. i. q. cy- ning. Kvrtel, II. 2. kirtle, coat. La, lo! behold! 0/ La lnvaet, behold/ Lac, II. 1. gift, offering. Lad, II. 3. exculpation. fLad, for lao\ Lad, II. 3. way. fLadaest, for laoost, superl. of lao". fLadep]), to lade, take up with a ladle; from hladan. fLadlic, for laSlic. Cetacean, pret. -laehte, to take, seize. Ldece, II. 2. leech, physician. Dan. Laege. Laece-wyrt, II. 3. medicinal plant or herb, medica- ment. Laecgen, E. Angl. for lec- gan. Laedan, \ 3 p. he last, pret. Gelaadan, J laedde, to lead, bring. Gr. 207. Laedder, II. 3. ladder. Laefan, to leave. filasfe (geleafa), belief, faith. Laeg, See Licgan. Laegde. See Lecgan. fLaai, for laeg, lay. Lasland, Laaland, one of the Danish isles in the Bal- tic. fLaen (lean), reward. Gelaendon, E. Angl. for ge- landodon ; from gelan- dian, to land. Laengu. See Lengn. 248 GLOSSARY. Laeran, to teach, instruct. Ger. lehren, Dan. laere. /laired, learned. Ger. ge- lehrt. Other instances of the prefix I for Ge in the homily 'In Natale S. Ead- mundi,' it is superfluous to notice. Laerig, p. 140, line 6? So Caedrnon, " ofer linde lae- rig," p. 192, 1. 29. Laes, py-lass, lest. Laesing, le&sung, falsehood. La±ssa, laasse, comp. of lytel. Gr. p. 51. Laest, least; superl. of lytel, little. Gr. p. 51. Celaestan, to perform, exe- cute, give, pay, last. Ger. leisten. Laesu, III. 1. leasow, pas- ture. Gr. 95. Laeswian, to feed on a leasow, graze. Laet, late, recent, slorv. Lastari, pret. let, to let, leave, dismiss, suffer, cast (a net). f Laetenn (laetan), to think, judge ? Laawed, laical, ignorant, lewd. Laafi, hate, harm, ill. fLeeSes (laSost), most hate- ful. Laf, II. 3. remainder, resi- due. Laford, for hlaford. Lagu, III. 2. water. Lagu-stream, II. 2. water- stream. f/la^ed (gelaSod), loathed, hated ; from laSian. Lah, low. Lah (laS), hateful. fLaichen, laugh? Lam, II. 3 ? loam, clay. Lam, lame. Lamb, II. 1. lamb. Gelamp. See Gelimpan. Lampredcr, lamprey, rau- raena. Land, II. 1. land, country. Land-buende, land-inhabit- ant. Gr. 118. Land-folc, II. 1. land-folk, country -people. Land-gemaere, III. 1. fron- tier. tLanen (laanan), to lend. Lang, long, tall. Lange, adv. long. Ger. lange. fLang, (gelang); lang uppo, (to be) long of, incum- bent on. Langaland, Langeland ; one of the Danish isles in the Baltic, lying between Fyen (Fionia) and Laaland. Langsum, /#«eo\v, II. 2. guide, general, lieutenant. Laue, for htfe. See Laf. fLauerd (hlaford), lord. La8, hostile, hateful. fLaJjfolj lawful. (relaSian, to call together, invite. Ger. einladen. LaSlic, loathly, hateful. CeJajmng, congregation, churcfu See GelaSian. tLeadest (laSost), loathest, most hateful. Leaf, I. 3. leave. Leaf, II. 1. leaf. Gr. 67. Gele&fa, belief. Ger. Glaube, Ohg. galauba. See Ly- fan. LearFul, 1 believing, faith- G^leafful, J ful. Leahter, 1 1. 2. crime, sin. Leap, II. 2. basket, trunk, carcase. Leas, lying, fabulous. Leas, -less in comp., void, devoid. Leasu. See Laesu. Leasung, leasing, falsehood. Leat. See Lutan. Leax, II. 2. salmon. Ger. Lachs, Dan. Lax. Lecgan, pret. lede (laegde), pp. geled, to lay, place. Lecnian, to heal. Geled. See Lecgan. Leden, Latin. fLef (leof), dear, agreeable. G*elefan, i. q. gelyfan. fLefenn (gelyfan), to believe. /legd, laid, for geled. See Lecgan. Lege, lay, imperat. ; from lecgan. Gr. 214. Leger, II. 2 ? lying. Leger-bedd, II. 1. bed, sick- bed. Celegerian, to confine to a sick-bed. Legia, legion. fLe^e (leogan), to lie. fLehter(hleahtor), laughter. Leir-chestre, and LeJ>-ches- tre, Leicester. tLeiuedi (hlaefdige), lady. Lendenu, loins, plur. III. 1. Gr. 92. Ger. Lenden. Gelendian, gelaendian, to endow (with land), land, appellere. fLene (laenan), to lend, grant; from leenan, to lend, bestow on. Leng, longer; comp. of lang. Gr. p. 51. Lengcten, Lent, spring. Lengu, II. 3. length. Leo, gen. leones, II. 2. lion. Ger. Lowe, Dan. Love. Leod, II. 3. people, province. Leod-bisceop, II. 2. suffra- gan bishop- Leod-hata, commander of nations. fLeod-quide (-cwyde), vul- gar speech. Leof, beloved, dear, pleasing. dilectus, carus. m 5 250 GLOSSARY, Leofian, lybban, 1 p. lybbe, 2 leofast, 3 leofaft, pi. lyb- baft, pret. leofode, etc., to live. Gr. 212. fLeofliche (leoflice), dearly, kindly. Leoht, II. 1. light. Ger. Licht. Leoht, adj. light, easy. Ger. leicht. Leoht-fast, III. 1. light-vat, lamp. Leohtlic, light, clear, plain. fLeom (leoma), beam, ray. Leom. See Lim. Leoma, beam, ray. Leon, II. 2 & 3 ? lion, lioness. Leoran, 1 to depart, mi- Geleoran, J grate. Leornere, II. 2. learner, dis- ciple. Geleornes, departure, death. Leornian, 1 . 7 „ . . y to learn. Creleornian, J Leorning, 1 7 & > learninq. Leornung, J u Leorning-cniht, II. 2. disci- ple. Leotan, pret. leat, pi. luton, to boiv, incline. Gr. 250. Leoft, II. 1. song, poem. O. N. Lioft, Ger. Lied. Leoft-craeft, II. 2. art of poetry. Leoftian, to sing. Leoftlic, poetic, songlike. Leoft-song, II. 2. song, jjoem. Leojm, ship. O. N. lift ? fLesing (Ieasung), leasing, falsehood. fLeste, give, ascribe ? from lsestan ? Letania, litany. Gelettan, to let, hinder ; gov. genit. of thing. fLeue, leave. f/leue (gelyfan), to believe. fLeuere, leouere (leofra), dearer. Lefer, II. 3? leather. Lejjer-hosa, II. 3. leather hose, caligae ; probably used in the pi. only, like the Ger. Hosen. Libban. See Leofian. Libbende, living. Gr. 118. Libgende, E. Angl. for lffi- gende. Lfc, II. 1. corpse, body. Ger. Leich, Dan. Liig. Ge\ic, like, equal. Ger. gleich. Ge\ic&, like, equal. G'elfce, in like manner. Licettan, to feign, pre- tend. Licetung, hypocrisy. Licgan, 3 lihft (lift), pret. laeg, to lie, to run, fimv (as a river). Gr. 229. Lichama, body. Lichamlic, bodily. Lfcian, 1 to like; also im- Crelfcian, J pers. to please, be pleased, take pleasure. Crelicnys, likeness, image. Licumlic. See Lichamlic. Lfc-J>rowere, II. 2. bodily sufferer, leper. T ^ , ' > navigator, sailor. .Lidman, J * GLOSSARY. 251 Lff, II. 1. life; be lyfon, alive, surviving. Lifer, II. 3. liver. Lfffasstan, 1 to vivify, GWfFaestan, J quicken. Gr. 208. Lffian, to live. Lifian (hlifian ), to tower. Lffigende, living; from li- fian. Lfflic, lively, living. Ligetu, III. 3. lightning. tLi^en (leogan), to lie. Lihtan, 1 to alight, de- C^lihtan, J scend. Lihting, lighting, illumina- ting. Lihtlice, lightly, easily ; su- perl. lihtlicost(lihtlucost). Likie. See Lfcian. ^!!! e ' } 1.3. lily. Lihge, J J Lim, III. 1. limb. Gr. 93. Lfm, II. 2 ? lime, glue. Ger. Leini, Dan. Liim. X\Q,e, fittingly, etc. Lind, II. 3. linden or lime tree ; It. buckler made of tlie wood of the linden. Gram. pref. p. xliii. note. Lindisfarnea, Lindisfarne, Holy Island. Lind-wiggende, shielded warrior. Gr. 118. Liss, II. 3. ease, comfort, fa- vour. List, liest ; from licgan. Listum, craftily, ski/fully. Litel, little. Litlincg, II. 2. little one. Liue, i. q. lffe. Lifi. See Licgan. LiS, soft, pleasant, delicate, mild, tender, gentle, kind. Lioan, pret. UT5, pi. liSon, to travel, go, navigate, go in a ship; liSende men, ma- riners. LiSebige, flexible, supple. CreliSian, to relieve, miti- gate. Locc, II. 2. lock, capillus. /loced, looked, seen ; for ge- loced. See Locian. Locian, to look, see. Locu, III. 2. pen, fold. Lof, II. I. praise. Ger. Lob. fLofenn (lofian), to praise. Ger. loben. Lof-sang, II. 2. hymn; in pi. laudes. Logian, 1 to frame, com- Crelogian, J pose, mend, place, dispose. Lokien, for locian. G^ldme, often, frequently, in quick succession. Ge\6mY\ce, frequently. fLomp. "1 Crdomp. > See Gelimpan. flTtlomp. J Lond-folc, II. l.'icountry- Lond-leod, II. 3.J people. Long, long. Longlice, for a long time. Lopystre, lobster, polypus. It. locust. 252 GLOSSARY. correctly be Lor. See Lar. Losian, to lose. It. to be lost, perish. fLoue (lufu), love. fLouerd (hlaford), lord. Lucan, pret. leac, pi. lucon, to lock, shut up. fLude (hlude), loudly. Luf, II. 3. 1 love. Should Lufe, I. 3. J lufu. fLufenn (lufian), to love. Lufian, to love; gelufod, beloved. Luflic, dear, not cheap ; lu- flice, kindly. Luftyme, grateful. Lufu, III. 3. love. Lunden, London. Lungre, forthwith. Lust, II. 2. lust, desire, Joy ; on lustum, in joy. Lustbaer, joyful, eager, glad. Ger. lustbar. Celustfullian, to delight. Lustlic, glad, joyful. Lustlice, freely, gladly. Lutan, pret. leat, pi. luton, to stoop, incline. fLutel, little. Lutian, to lurk, latere. fLuuede (leofode), lived. Lybban. See Leofian. Lyblac, II. 1 ? sorcery. From lyb, Ohg. luppi, malefi- cium ; luppon, medicare, Mhg. liippen, venenare. Hence Ger. verluppt, en- chanted. Lyden, Latin. Lyf. See Lff. Lyfan, "I to allow, believe. Cr'elyfan, / Goth, and Ohg. galaubjan. Ger. glauben. Celyfed, orthodox, mature (of age), provectior aetate. Lyft, II. 3. air, cloud. Ger. & Dan. Luft. Lyhtan, to shine, light. Lyre, II. 2. loss. Lysan, to loose, redeem, save. Lyst, II. 3? lust, desire, plea- sure ; on lyst wesan, to be delighted. Lystan, 1 to lust, desire, Gelystan, J please ; with genit. of thing. L^l, }«"'*• Lytegian, to use craft. Lythwon, little, parum, small number. Lytig, cunning, vafer. Lytlian, to grow little, de- crease. M. Ma, more. Gr. p. 51. Gemacian, to make. Madm, II. 2. horse, gelding (See Cod. Exon. p. 522), treasure in general. Mhg. medem. Madm-hus, II. 1. treasury. Maeden, III. 1. maiden. Mseg, II. 2. man, parent, kinsman. Gr. 70. Maeg. See Magan. Msege, I. 3. kinswoman. Maegen, III. 1. main, strength, efficacy, power, virtue, faculty. GLOSSARY. 253 Maegen-eacen, increased in mi (j lit. Maegen-]>rymnys, majesty. Gema?gnde, for gemengde. See Mengen. Masgnian, to strengthen ? Maegfi, II. 3. generation, tribe, province. Maeg<5, II. 3. maid, damsel. P. 145, 1. 52, maeg<5 in pi. for maegoa, perhaps on ac- count of the verse. Maegoalond, the Polish pro- vince of Mazovia ? Maego'had, maidenhood, vir- ginity. Mail, III. 1. picture, image; Cristes mail, crucifix. Mael, III. 1. time. Fr. fois, Ger. Mai. MjSlan, I . , Gmrfkn, J to **' Speak ' Ma-led, p. 148, line 45 ? MaSnan, to moan, bewail, complain. It. to mean. Ger. meinen. Gemaene, common. Ger. gemein. Gemaenelice, in common. Masnig, many. Gr. 163. Maenigeo. See Menigu. Meenigfeald, manifold. GeinaJnigfealdan, to multi- Pty* Gemainsumnes, communion. Gemairian, to magnify, ho- nour. Macro, great, large, grand, renowned. Gr. 384. Gem&re, III. 1. boundary, frontier. Maerigen, for mergen. Maersian, "I to magnify, Gemairsian, J exalt, ho- nour. M£rs\mg, fame. Masro - , II. 3. greatness, glory , Maesse, I. 3. mass. Maesse-daeg, II. 2. mass-day. Maesse-preost, II. 2. mass- priest. Maesse-reaf, II. I. mass-vest- ment. Maest, almost. Maestlingc, II. 1. brass, kit- ten, orichalcum. Ger. & Dan. Messing, MaeS, II. 3. condition, lot, dignity, credit, capacity, measure. Magan, )>u miht, pret. mihte, or meahte, to may, can, be able, posse. Gr. 218. Magas, pi. of Maag. Gemaglic, importunate. Gemagnys, importunity. Mago-]»egn, II. 2. kindred- follower. fMaehht, "I . ,, fMahht, ) >m 9 hL fMain (maegen), power. fMaincn (mffinan), to men- tion, complain of. fMale, mail, trunk. Fr. maille. Malt, mealt, II. 1 ? malt. Man. See Mann. Man, one, any one. Ger. & Dan. man, Fr. on. At p. 84, 1. 25, man is the pron. ; his refers to land. Ma'n, II. 1. wickedness, sin, 254 GLOSSARY. crime. Ger. Mein, O. S. men, 0. N. mein. Gonial). See Gemunan. Gemana, society, felloivship. Mancgere, II. 2. monger, merchant. Mancynn, II. 1. mankind. Man-dad, II. 3. evil deed. Manful, 1 . r i ■ j j Mdnmic,J sm f ul > Wtcked - Cremang. See Geinong. Mitnian, 1 to exhort. Ger. Gemanian, J mahnen. Mann, III. 2. "I man; ge- Manna, J mann also occurs, p. 113, 1.7- Mann-cwealm, II. 2. pesti- lence. fManschipe, 1 manhood, fManscipe, j male pro- geny, humanity, kindness. Mare, grecder, more ; comp. of mycel. Gr. p. 51. Maregen, for mergen. Marn, morning. Maroaro, the Moravians. Max, II. 1. net, snare. Maoe, moth, worm. Mapelian, to speak,harangue; from mefel, speech, concio. tMaSmes (maSmas), trea- sures. fMe, for man. Meant, II. 3. might, power. Mear, II. 2. horse. Ohg. ma- rah. Gemearcian, to mark, take note. MearS, II. 2. marten. Mece, II. 2. sword, falchion, machsera. Med, II. 3. meed, reward; to medes, in reward. Medem, worthy, Jit, meet. Medgilda, hireling. Medmicel, a little, some. Medo, medu, III. 2. mead. Gr. 96. Medo-burh, mead-burgh, city of festivity ; thus wfn- burh. Medu-gal, mead-drunken. Medo-werig, weary with mead, drunk. Melkan, to milk. Melu, melo, 1 1 1.1 . meal, flour. fMengen (mencgan),fo?m'w- gle, be confused. Menigfeald. See Maenig- feald. Menifealdlice, manifoldly. Gemenigfild, multiplied ; from gemenigfildan. Menigu, III. 3. multitude, many. Gr. 103. Mennisc, human, human race. Dan. Menneske, human being. Menniscnis, humanity, in- carnation. -j-Mensk (mennisc), man, mankind, human. Meodo, meodu. See Medo. Meolc, II. 3. milk. Meore, a place on the west coast of Sweden. Meowle, I. 3. damsel. Mere, II. 2. mere, lake. Mere-swyn, II. 1. porpoise, dolphin. Ger. Meer- schwein, Dan. Marsvin. Mergen (merien, merigen), GLOSSARY. 255 II. 2. morn, morrow; to merigen, to-morrow. Ger. & Dan. Morgen. Merigenlic, meriendlic, adj. morning, niatutinus. fMet (gemet), measure. Met, middling ; j>a mettran men, men in the middle classes. Gemet, III. 1. measure, man- ner. Metan, pret. meet, pp. ge- meten, to measure. Metan, pret. mette, pp. (ge) met, to paint. Gemetan, pret. gemette, to find, meet; pp. gemet (ge- meted). Gr. 205. Mete, II. 2. meat, food, coena. Gemetegan, "I to measure, Gemetegian, J moderate, temper. Meten, for metan. /meten, measured, for ge- meten. See Metan. Gemetgung, moderation. Gemetlice, moderately. Metod, II. 2. Creator. Met-seax, II. I, 2, 3. dagger. Mettrumnes, weakness, in- firmity. Mepel-stede, II. 2. public- place, place of haranguing. Micclum, greatly, much. Micel. See Mycel. Mid, mid. Mid, with. Ger. mit, Dan. med. Mid ealle, totally, prorsus. Middaeg, II. 2. mid-day, sexta. Middan, middle; on mid- dun, amid. Middaneard, middangeard, II. 2. earth, world. See Grimm, D. M. p. 754. Middaneardlic, earthly. Middan-winter, II. 2. mid- winter, Christmas. Middeniht, III. 3. midnight. Gr. 106. Middeweard, midst, middle- ward. Midmest, middlemost. Midwritan, to write xoith. Mid ]>am ]>e, "I when, while, Mid J>y, J what time. Miht, II. 3. might, power. Mihte. See Magan. Mihtelice, might ly, miracu- lously, i Mihtig, 1 mighty, extra- Mihtiglic, / ordinary. Mil, II. 3. mile. fMilcea (milts), mercy, pity. Milde, mild, merciful. Mildheorte, mild-hearted, merciful, tender. Mildheortnys, 1 mercy, com- Mildhertnes, J passion. Milts, II. 3. mercy, pity. Miltsian, "I to pity, com- Gemiltsian, J passionate, be merciful. Miltsung, mercy, compassion, pity. Mih, mine. Gr. 137. Minsian, to diminish, de- crease. fMire, for mfnre. Misdeed, II. 3. misdeed. 256 GLOSSARY. ic, j various, divers, Missenlic, > several; mist- Mistlic, J \'ice,variously, diversely. Mislician, to displease. Mislicnys, mislikeness, va- riety, diversify. Misweaxende, miswaxing, ill-growing. Mitta, I. 2. T certain mea- Mitte, I. 3. / sure. Mixen, mixen, dunghill. tMochul, much. Mod, II. 1. mood, mind, courage. Goth, mods, Ohg. mot, O. N. modr, Ger. Muth. fModdri (modrie), maternal aunt. Moder, modor, III. 2. mother. Dat. and abl. meder : plur. moddru occurs. Gr. 96. Mod-geJ^onc, II. 2. mental thought, counsel. Modi, "1 moody, proud, Modig, / Irfty, contuma- cious, stem. Modignys, moodiness, pride. fMod-kare (-cearu), care of mind, anxiety. Modlice, proudly. Molde, I. 3. mould, earth. Mon, i. q. man. Monaft-seoc, month-sick, lu- natic. (7emong, multitude ; on ge- mong, among. Moni, ] . Monig, / L * msem S' Monian. See Manian. Mon, i. q. man. Monra^den, II. 3. homage, submission, clientela. tMonshipe, i. q. manschipe. Monuc. See Munuc. Mono\ II. 2. month. Mor, II. 2. mountain. Morge-mete, II. 2. morning meat, breakfast. Morgen, II. 2. morning. See Mergen. fMonnede, 1 , tMornede, / mourned - MorS, II. 1. "1 deadly sin, MorSer, II. 2. J murder- ous deed. Moste, might. Gr. p. 79. Mot, 3 most, must, may. Gr. 218. Gemot, III. I. mote, meeting, council, synod ; gemot cweSan, indicere consi- lium. Cremot-ern, II. 1. moot-hall, senate-house. fMucel (mycel), great. fMuchelesere 1 (mycelre), fMuchelre / tcith much. Mulanttin, afterwards Mule- ton, now Moulton in Nor- folk, between New JBuck- enham and Long Strat- ton. Gemunan, to remember. Gr. 218. See Gemynan. Mundbyrd, protection. Cremundbyrdan, to protect, patronize. Mundig. 1 c at a- n v t See Mvndig. Cremundig. J j & Mundlingham, Mundham in Norfolk. GLOSSARY. 257 Mund, II. 3. hand. O.N. mund. This word, out of composition, seems to occur in the dat. pi. only. Munt, II. 2. mount. Munuc (monuc, munec), II. 2. monk. Munuchad, monkhood. Munuclic, monastic. Munuc-hT, II. 1. monastic life, monastery. Murcnung, murmuring. Murnan, 3 myrn?5, pret. niearn, pi. murnon, to mourn, reck. Musle, muscle. MuS, II. 2. mouth. Gr. 74. Mujia, mouth {of a river). Gr. 74. Mycel, great, much, loud. Mycelnys, greatness, magni- tude. Mylen, II. 3? mill; yet p. 127, 1. 7, ]>a?t my In. Gemynan, to bear in mind, be mindful of, remem- ber. 6%mynd, II. 1. mind, me- mory ; eadig gemynd, blessed memory. ,J e j. > mindful. Gem yn dig, J J Myne, II. 2. mena. Mynegung, admonition, ex- hortation. Mynetere, II. 2. money- changer; from mynet, money ; hence our mint. Ger. Miinze, Dan. Mynt. Gemyngian, to remember, meditate, admonish. Mynster, III. 1. minster, mo- nastery. Mynsterlic, monastic. /mynt, appointed; for ge- mynt. See Myntan. Myntan, to suppose, resolve, intend, appoint, decree ; pp. gemynt. Myrce, Mercian. Myre, I. 3. mare. MyrhS, II. 3. mirth, joy. Myrre, myrrh. Myse, I. 3. table. Myslycian. See Mislfcian. N. Na, not, none. Gr. 418, 421. Nabban, 3 naef <5, pret. naefde, to have not. Nacod, naced, naked. f Nadde. See Nauede. Naeddre, I. 3. serpent. Hilde naeddran, icar-serpents, arrows. Ger. Natter. Naedl, II. 3. needle. Ger. Nadel. Naadre. See Naeddre. Naefdon, for ne haefdon. See Nabban. Gr. 216. Naefre, never. Naegel, II. 2. nail. Naenig, not any, none. Nasron, for ne waeron. Gr. 233. Nses, for ne waes. Gr. 233. Naes, not. Nah, for ne ah. See Agan. 258 GLOSSARY. now here. Naht, naught. Nahte, for ne ahte. Nahwaer, 1 Nahwar, J Naiads, not, not the less; nalaes past an, not that only. Nam, Nor. for neom. Naraa, name. Nam-cuS, known by name, remarkable. Genamian, to name. Nan, no, none. fNan, anon. Nanuht, naught; for nan- wiht. Nanwyht, naught, nothing. Nast, for ne wast. See Wi- tan. Gr. 218. Nat, for ne wat. Nates-hwon, by no means, not at all. fNauede (nasfde), had not. fNauyt (nawiht), naught. Nawar. See Nahwaer. NaSer, neither. Ne, not; p. 152, 1. 30, for neh? Geneadian, to force. Neah, nigh, near, nearly. GVneahhe, 1 enough, abun- Genehe, J dantly. Ger. genug. Nealaecan, "1 pret. -lsehte Genealeecan, J (nealecte), to approach, draiv near. Gr. 208, 253. Near, nearer ; comp. of neah. Gr. p. 51. Nearolice, narrowly, closely, briefly. Neat, II. 1. neat, ox, beast. Geneat, II. 2. enjoyer, sharer, retainer ; from neotan. Eald-geneat, aged vassal. Ger. Genoss. Neawest, neighbourhood. Neb, nib, face. Nedbrice, II. 2. need, want, use. Nedpearfnes, need, necessity. Nefa, 1 , GVnefa, / n ^ hew ' Neh. See Neah. Genehe. See Geneahhe. Nehst, last. See Next. Nellan. See Nyllan. NembraS, Nimrod. Nemlice, namely, indeed, videlicet. Nemnan, "I , „ ^ . > to name, call. Genemnian, J •j-Nemni (nemnian), to name. Neod, II. 3. need, necessity, violence, opus. For neode, needs. Neodpearf, needful. Neom, for ne eom. Gr. 233. Neorxena wang, II. 2. para- dise. Neosan, 1 to seek, visit ; Neosian, > often gov. gen. Geneosian, J of thing. Neosung, "1 visit, visita- Geneosung, J tion. Neotan, pret. neat, to enjoy, use. Neowelnaes, "1 abyss, hell, Neowelnys, J bottom, low- est part. GLOSSARY. 259 fNeowene (nivvan), newly, recently. Neo]>eweard. "1 nethcrward, Neopevverde, / clown, downward, below. Nergend, II. 2. Saviour, Preserver, God. Gr. 118. Crenerian, to save, deliver. Nes, for ne is. Nest, II. 1. nest. Nest, II. 3. food, provision. O. N. nesti. Nett, II. 1. net. tNewenn, now, at present? fNewest (neawest), proxi- mity, vicinity. Next, last, nearest, neigh- bour. NeSan, to venture, dare. Goth, nanpian. Nic, not I ; contr. for ne ic. Nied. See Neod. Nfg-hworfen, neivly convert- ed. See Hweorfan. NigoSa, ninth. Niht, III. 3. night. Gr. 106. Nihtes, by night. Gr. 108. Ger. nachts. Niht-sang, II. 2. night-song, compline, completorium. Genihtsumlice, sufficiently. Dan. noksom. Niht-waecce, I. 3. night- watch. Nfman, 1 pret. nam, to Gemman, J take, get, meet. fNiman (nfman), to arrange, dispose. fNime (nfman), to take. Nis, for ne is. Gr. 233. Niw, new. Niwelnis. See Neowelnaes. Creniwian, to renovate. NiS, II. 2. evil, malice, envy, hate. NiSe-rof, famed for evil. NiSer, down. Niper-stfgan, to descend. See Stfgan. NioTull, malignant, envious. Ni<5-heard, hardened in ini- quity. G-'eniftla, enemy. No, no, not. Genoh, "1 ■\Inow, > enough. f/nop, J Noht, naught, not. Nolde. See Nyllan. Noma. See Nama. Non, II. 2. nones, nona (ho- ra), the last canonical hour before sunset. Non-mete, II. 2. noon-meat, dinner. Non-tfd, II. 3. noontide. NorS, north, northwards, be norSan, to the north of. NorSan, north, from the north. NorS-dael, II. 2. north part. NorS-Dene, the North Jut- landers, the inhabitants of the Danish islands, and probably of Scania. Norfieweard, northward. Nor$hymher,Northumbrian. NorSmen, the Nonoegians. NorSmest, most northerly. NorSryhte, directly north. NorSweard, northward. Norftwic, Norwich. 260 GLOSSARY. N6s-]nrl, III. 1. nostril. Notian, to use, enjoy. tNou]>e (nu-J>a), now. Nowilit, not, naught. fNo])t (nowiht), naught. Nu, I XT , > now. Nunne, I. 3. nun. tNusten (nyste), hneio not. tNute (nyte), will not know. Nyd. See Neod. Nydan, 1 pret. nydde, to Genyd&n, J force. Nydpearfnys, need, want. Nygan (nigon), 1 ^ Nygon, / Nyllan, contr. for ne willan, to will not, (Lat. nolle,) pret. nolde. Gr. 217. Nymfte, unless, except. Nys. See Nis. Nyste, for ne wiste. See Witan. Nyten, III. 1. neat, animal, beast. Gr. 93. Nytenlic, wild, rude. Nytennys, ignorance, stu- pidity, rudeness. Nyton,forne witon. Gr.218. NytwyrSnes, utility. NySer, down. NySer-astfgan, 1 to come Nyfter-stfgan, J down. NySercuman, to descend. GenySerian, to condemn. O. fO, one, a, any. fO (on), in. Ob, E. A ngl. for, of Of, of, from. tOf, oft. Of-aceoi fan, to cut off. See Ceorfan. Of-altedan, to lead or bring from. See Lasdan. Of-animan, to take from. See Nfman. Ofareesta, E. A ngl. residue. Ger. Ueberrest. Of-ascreadian, to shred off, prune, cut off. Of-axian, to learn, receive information. Of-cuman, to come or spring from. See Cuman. Ofdune, doivn. Of-eode, went from, left. See Gan. Ofer, II. 2. shore, bank. Ger. Ufer. Ofer, over, against, after, by. Ofer-bffic, backtvards. Oferbrecan, pret. -braec, to break, infringe. Ofercuman, to overcome. See Cuman. Oferdrencan, to overdrench. Ofer-eaca, overplus. Oferfaereld, passage, transit. Ofer-far, II. 3. passage over, transit. Oferfaran, 1 to pass over. Oferferan, / See Faran and Feran. Okr-froren,f rozen over. See Freosan. Ofergan, to ravage. See Gan. Ofer-geweorc, II. 1. upper work, tomb, mausoleum. GLOSSARY. 261 Oferhrops, voracity. Ofermdd, II. 1. pride, pre- sumption; also adj. proud. Ger. Uebermuth. Oferrtedafl, to read over. See Raklan. Oferstfgan, to surpass, ex- ceed. See Stfgan. Ofer-w&dan, pret. -wdd, to wade over. Oferwinnan, to compter, over- come. See Winnan. Ofervvintran, to pass the winter, hiemare. Off'rian, "1 to offer, sacri- Geoffvian, J fice. OftYung, offering, sacrifice. Ofgangan, to go forth, go from, proceed, require. See Gan. Oflyst, delighted. Ofostlice. See Ofstlice. Ofsceamian, to shame ; of- sceamod, ashamed. Ofsceotan, pret. -sceat, pi. -scuton, to shoot. Ofsettan, to oppress, afflict. Ofslean, 3 p. he -slyh<5, pret. -sloh, pp. -slegen (-sla- gen), to slay. Ofstician,~l to stick, stab, Ofetikian, J slay. Ofstlice, \ quickly, with Ofstum, J haste. Oft, oft, often. Ofwundroden, for ofwun- drode, astonished ; from ofwundrian. Ofjnncan, to think ill, take amiss, repent. See Din- can. tOf))incheS (of]>incefi), re- penteth. Ot'l'i-iccan, pret. of]>rihte, to oppress, overwhelm. fOje (agen), oivn. Oleccan, pret. olehte, to flat- ter, blaiidiri. Olfend, \ II. 2. camel; Oluend, j though thisword, as well as the Goth. Ul- bandus, signifies correctly not a camel, but an ele- phant. On, on, in, with, about, du- ring ; cum accus. into, by, as, on niht, by night, on beot, with threatening. On, for an, a, an. On-aledon, laid on. See Lecgan. Onbffic, behind. Onbrernan, to inflame. Gr. 196. On-belaedan, to lay on, apply. Onbi'dan, to await; gov.gen. fOnbolded (unbealdod), en- feebled, sunk in vigour. Onbryrd, excited. Onbryrdan, to instigate, ex- cite, encourage, animate. Onbugan, pret. -beah, pi. -bugon, bow, bend. Onburigan, to taste. Onbutan, about, around. Oncnawan, 3 -cnaewS, pret. -cneow, to know, under- stand, recognise. Oncweoan, to address. Ond, i. q. and. Ondraedan, pret. ondred, to dread, fear. Gr. 234. 262 GLOSSARY. Often used as a reflective with a dative. Ondraedendlic, dreadful, ter- rible. Ondraeding, II. 2>. dread, fear. tOne, for on ; also a, an, one, only, alone. On-eardian, to dwell in, in- habit. Onettan, to hasten. Onfangennys, reception, par- ticipation. Onfindan, to find out, dis- cover. See Findan. On-flote, afloat. Onfon, pret. onfeng, pp. on- fangen, to receive, take. (This verb often governs the dative.) Onfonde, taker, receiver. See Onfon. Or. 118. Ongean, again, against, to- wards, to, over against; eft ongean, back again. Ongeat. See Ongitan. On-geddn, to do on or in. See Don. Ongel-])eod, II. 3. English nation. On-gemong, among. On-gesittan, to sit in. See Sittan. Onget, for ongeat. See Ongitan. Onginnan, pret. -gan, pi. -gunnon, to begin, under- take. Gr. 242. Ongist, for ongytst. Ongitan, 1 3 -gyst, pret. Ongytau, / ongeat, to un- derstand, perceive. Onhgetan, act. to heat, in- flame. Onhebban, pret. -hof, to lift, exalt. Onhyldan, to bend, incline. Onhyrian, to imitate, emu- late ; p. pr. onhyrgende. On-innan, within, among. Onlaklan, to lead in, bring. Onligan, pret. -lah (-leah), pi. -\\gon, to grant, bestow ; gov. dat. of the pers. and gen. of the thing. Onlihtan, pret. -leohte, to il- lumine, give sight. Onlihting, lighting. Onldcian, to look on, behold. Onlutan, 3 -lyt, pret. -leat, pi. -luton, to boiv, incline. fOnread (unraS), evil coun- sel. Onsceotan, pret. -sceat, pi. -scuton, to strike, strike in, cut (a furrow). Onscunian, to shun, reject, abhor. Onsendan, to send to. Onsigan, pret. -sah, pi. -si- gon, to impend, hover over, descend. Onsion, Nor. for ansyn. Onsittan, to sit on. See Sit- tan. Onslaepan, to fall asleep. Ger. einschlafen. See Sleepan. Onstellan, i. q. astellan. Ger. anstellen. On-.-und, afloat, sicimming. On-sundron, asunder, aside, apart. GLOSSARY. 263 On-swymman, to swim in. See Swymman. Ontynan, to open, reveal. On-ufan, ) ^ > upon, over. On-uppon, J r Onwacan, pret. -w6c, to awake. Onweald, i. q. anweald. Oawendan, to change. See Wendan. Onwreon, pret. -wreah, pi. -wrugon, to reveal, dis- close. OnwriSan, pret. -wraS, pi. -wriSon, to unbind, un- wrap. Gr. 248. Oord, i. q. ord. Open, open, plain, evident. Ceopenian, geopnian, act. and neut. to open. Openlice, operrfy. fOr (ar), mercy. Ore, II. 2. pitcher, pot. Goth, aurki. Ord, II. 2. beginning, edge, point, army, band. O.N. Oddr. Ordtruma, origin. fOre, are (ar), mercy, pity. Oreald, very old. Ger. vualt. Oret-msecg, II. 2. champion, warrior. OreSian. See Or8ian. Orf, cattle, animal. Orfeonne, void, expers. Orhlice, orglice, orgellice, proudly, arrogantly. From orgel, whence Fr. orgueil. Ormaste, withoid measure, immense, vast, immensely. Orsawle, without soul, lifeless. Orsorh, without care, secure. Ortruwian, I . , r, 7 to despair. Geortruwian, J r Orwene, hopeless, desperate. Orftian, to breathe, blow, spirare. Osti, the Estas of Wulfstan, and Osterlings of modern limes. They dwelt on the shores of the Baltic, to the east of the Vistula. Ostre, 1. 3. oyster. Ost-sai, the Baltic and Cat- tegat. fOuersoh, overtrue, rare. fOvven (agen), own. Owern, anywhere. Ox a, ox. Oxan-hyrde, II. 2. ox-herd. 08, till, unto, to. As a ver- bal prefix, from, away. Gr. 269. Ofter, other, second, one ; ooer tvvega, other of tioo, one or the other. OSfleon, to flee away, escape. See Fleon. OSstandan, to stand still, cease. See Standan. tO|>om"l (apum), son-in- Oftum J law. OoSaet, till that, until ; oS- paet an, to that degree, so much. OSoe, or, either. Ger. oder. OoSe, for ooSaet. Ofi]u-ingan, pret. -}>rang (-]>rong), pi. -])ningon, to force away. 264 GLOSSARY. Pada, coat, tunic. Goth, paida, O. S. peda, both fe- minine, but in the expres- sion salowig-pada, an epi- thet of the eagle, the termi- nation is purely adjectival. See notes on the Battle of Brunanburh in Warton, H. E. P. i. p. lxxviii. edit. 1840. Psell, II. 2. pall, purpura. Paellen, purple. tPall, pall. Pallium, II. 2. pall, pallium. Pante, the Blackivater, in Essex. The following passage from Gough's Camden, vol. ii. p. 43. 1st edit., may be interesting. " The shore, curving a lit- tle to the north here, ad- mits the sea into two bays, one called Crouch, the other Blackivater, for- merly Pant. In Crouch are four pleasant green islands, but rendered marshy by the tide : the principal of these are Wallot and Foulness, q. d. Bird Cape, which has a church, and may be come at on horseback, when the tide is out. Between these is the hundred of Dengy, formerly Daun- cing, abounding in pastu- rage and cattle, but both the soil and air unhealthy. The chief town of this hundred, which takes its name from it, is Dengy, supposed by the inhabit- ants to take its name from the Danes." Drayton has also ; " When Chelmer scarce arrives in her most wished bay, But Blackivater comesin through many a crooked way, Which Pant was call'd of yore, but that by Time exil'd, She Froshwell after bight, then Blackwater instiU'd." Poly-Olbion, 19th Song, p. 4. edit. 1622, fol. See also Holinshed's ' De- scription of Britaine,'chap. xvi. Papa, pope. Papanhad, papal dignity. Pening, penig, peanig, II. 2. penny. Peoht, II. 2. Pice. Pinewincle, periwinkle. Pinnan, flascones, i. q. flaxan. Pinung, pain, torment. Pistol, II. 2. epistle. Plantian, to plant. Plega, play. Plegan, "1 Plegian, > to play. Pleigan, J Pleoh, III. 1. peril, danger. Pleolic, dangerous. Pliht, plight, danger. Plyhtlic, i. q. pleolig. Port, II. 2. port. Praettig, deceitful, versipellis. Prafost, II. 2. provost. Prasse, p. 133, line 17? GLOSSARY. 265 Preost, II. 2. priest. Preosthad, priesthood. Prim, prime, the service for sunrise. Prouast. See Prafost. Pulgaraland, Bulgaria. Pund, II. I. pound. Pusa, bag, purse, pera. Pyt, II. 2. pit, hole. Q. fQuale-hus, house of torture, or punishment. tQuartern (cwartern), pri- son. tQua]>]n'igan, quadripartite. tQuecchen, to cook ? f/queme (gecweme), plea- sing, agreeable. f/quemed (gecwemed), pleased. fQuene (c\ve~n), queen. fQueS (cwaeft), said. chain. R. Racenta, raccenta, 1 Racenteag, II. 3. J Raeu, III. 3. narration, ex- planation. Rad. See Rfdan. Rad, p. 1 52, 1. 47, for rasdde ? tRaden (raklan), to read. fRadful, wise ; from reed, counsel. Geraacan, pret. -rashte, to reach, get, capture. fRaecche (recce), reck. Reed, II. 2. rede, counsel, de- liberation ; rad pincan, to seem advisable; rted wf- tan, to know what one is about. Gersed, III. 1. housing, traj>- ping, phalerae. Raklan, ^ 3 raet, pret. Gfergedan, J raadde, pp. raed, to read. Gr. 205. Randan, "I to counsel, ad- G%r£edan, J vise, com- mand. Raid bora, counsellor, ad- viser. Raiding, reading, lecture. Raiding. See HraMing. Rasfnian, to execute, obey. Raege, I. 1 ? roe, caprea. Ger. Reh. tRaeid (raid), advice, coun- sel. Raes, II. 2. rush, shock, on- set. Raeswa, leader, chief. Rait. See Randan. fRaetful, crafty. fRaev (reaf), vestment, hang- ing. Raeft, quick, rash. Ram, II. 2. ram. Rand, II. 2. shield. At p. 132, 1. 22, I suspect that for ' randan ' we should read ' randas.' Rann, II. 1. fallow deer, dama. Ra<5e, quickly ; raearf, II. 'A. souls need. Sawan, pret.seow,pp. sawen, to sow, spread abroad. Sawel, I Sawl, >II. 3. sold. Sawul, J Scadu, III. 3. shadoiv. Scamel, II. 2 ? stool. fScanden (scendan), to s fiend, disc/race. Ger. schanden. Sceacan, pret. sceoc, to stiake, hurry, hasten ; ge- wftan sceacan, to go in haste. Gescead, III. 1. reason, dis- cretion. Sceaf. See Scufan. Sceaft, II. 2. shaft. C?esceaft, III. 1. creature. Gr. 93. Gesceaft, II. 3. creation. Sceafta hen p. 118, 1. 24-. The sense of this and the seven following lines is extremely uncertain, the passage being evidently corrupt. Sceal, pi. sculon, subj. scyle, imp. sceolde, shall, must, debeo. Gr. 218. This verb is also frequently used like the Ger. sollen, to be said, reported. Scealc, II. 2. servant, com- mon soldier or sailor. Goth. Skalks, Ger.Schalk. Sceamu, III. 3. shame. Sceanca, shank, leg. Sceap, II. 1. sheep. G-'esceap, III. 1. shape, form, creation, formation. Sceapan. See Scyppan. G'esceapen, pp. of scyppan. Sceap- herde, II. 2. shepherd. Gesceapian. See Gescyp- pan. GVsceapnis, shaping, form- ing, creation. Scear, share (of a plough). Sceard, II. 1. sheard. Scearn, II. 1 ? dung. Dan. Skarn. Scearp, sharp, acute. Sceat, II. 2. a piece of mo- ney, price, treasure, profit. Goth. Skatts. Sceawere, II. 2. beholder, spectator. Sceawian, to look, look at. Sceawung, spectacle, sight. Sceab - , II. 3. sheath. Scea]>a, robber, thief, mis- creant, xoretch. Seel, II. 3. shell. See Wael- scel. Seen, sheen, beautiful. fScench (scene), wine scench, wine-drinking ; from seen can, to skink. Sceo, sco, II. 2. & III. 2. shoe, fico. Sceocca, Satan, devil. Sceona, gen. plur. of sceo, shoon, shoes. Gesceop. See Gescyppan. Sceorp, II. 1 . habit, scarf Sceort, short. Sceortlice, shortly, briefly. Sceortnys, shortness. 270 GLOSSARY. Sceota, trout, tructus. Sceotan, 3 scyt, pret. sceat, pi. scuton, to shoot. Sceotend, II. 2. shooter, archer. Gr. 1 18. Sceo-wyrhta, shoemaker. Sceo-]nvang, II. 2. shoe- thong, or -tie. Seep. See Sceap. Scep-hyrde. See Sceap- herde. Sceran, to shear, cut away. SceS. See SceaS. fSchip, ship. Scild. See Scyld. Scild-burh, shield-fence, scu- torum testudo. O. N. Skialldborg. Scfma, shine, brilliancy. Scfnan, pret. scan (scean), pi. scinon,fo shine, appear. Ger. scheinen. Scip, III. 1. ship. Ger. Schiff, Dan. Skib. Scip-rap, II. 2. ship-rope. Scfr, II. 3. shire, province. Sen', sheer, bright, clear. Sciringes-heal, a port of Norway, the exact position of tvhich is unknown. Judging from the context of Ohthere s narrative, it seems to lie in the Skager Rack, near the Fiord of Christiania. To the south, he tells us, lies a very broad sea, no doubt the Cattegat ; on one side of which tvas Gotland (Jotland, Jut- land), and then Sillende (Seeland). Sailing from Sciringes-heal to Sleswig (cct Hceftum), Ohthere had, as he tells us, Denmark on his left, by which denomi- nation he undoubtedly means Skaane (Scania), and Holland, the early seat of the Danes, and which constituted a part of the modern kingdom of Denmark till 1658. Then, two days before his arri- val at Sleswig, taking a tvesterly course, he had Gotland (Jutland) on his right. From the men- tion of islands on his left, it ivould seem that he sailed between Moen and Seeland. Prof.Dahlmann supposes, erroneously I think, that Ohthere sailed through the Great Belt. Forschungen, Th. i. Gesch. v. Diinn. i. p. 65. See Gotland. Scirman, shireman, provin- cial. Sci'SSige, Scythia. fScome (sceomu), shame. Scomu, i. q. sceamu. Scon, shoon ; pi. irr. of sco, shoe. fScon (seen), sheen, beauti- ful. Ger. schon. Sconeg, Skaane (Scania). Scop, II. 2. poet, minstrel. Scop-gereord, III. 1. poetic diction, poetry. Scort, i. q. Sceort. Scotian, to shoot. Scotung, shooting, jaculatio. GLOSSARY. 271 Scraef, II. 1. den, cave. Screadian, "1 to shred, (7escreadian, j prune, lop, cut. Scride-Finnas, the inhabit- ants of that part of Both- nia which lies between the Angermann and the Tor- nea. Scrfn, II. 1. shrine, casket, chest. Dan. Skrin, Ger. Schrein. Scrud, II. 1. shroud, vest- ment, clothing. Scrutnian, to inquire into. Gescrydan, 1 3 scryt, to Scrydan, J clothe. Gr. 207. Scryn. See Scrfn. Scucca. See Sceocca. Sciifan, 3 scyfS, pret. sceaf, pi. scufon, to shove, thrust. Scunian, to shun, fear. Scur, II. 2. shower. Scurum, adv., ivith scouring or grinding. Crescy, shoes. Gr. 106, 276. Scyl, the name of a harper, father or progenitor of Scilling mentioned in the Scops Tale? (Cod. Exon. p. 324-). Or is it too great a poetic license, even for an Anglo-Saxon bard, to assign to Job, as a harper, the forefather of the Longobardic king Audwins minstrel ? Scyld, II. 3. sin, crime. Ger. Schuld. Scyld, II. 2. shield. Ger. Scliild. (7escyld, indebted. G^scyldan, to shield, protect. Seyld-burh. See Scild- burh. Scyldig, guilty, condemned. Gescyldnys, defence, protec- tion. Crescyndan, to shend, put to shame. Scyne, beautiful, sheen. Ger. schon. Scyp. See Scip. Scypen, II. 3. stall, shed. Scyp-here, II. 2. fleet, naval force. Scyppan, 1 pret. -sceop, Crescyppan, J pp. -sceapen, to shape, form, create. Scyppend, II. 2. Creator. Gr. 118. Scyrting, shortening, a- bridgement. Scytan. See Sceotan. Scytaan, E. Angl. for scu- ton. See Sceotan. Scyttan, apparently the same as Sceotan, erogare, con- ferre (pecuniam), to pay. Se, masc, he, the. Gr. 1 46. Se, E. Angl. for sy. tSe, as ; son se, as soon as. fSeaht (sseht), peace, con- cord. Geseald, betrayed. See Syllan. Sealde. See Syllan. Sealm, II. 2. psalm. Sealm-sceop, II. 2. psalm- ist. 272 GLOSSARY. Sealm-song, II. 2. psalm- singing, psalmody. Sea\m-wyrhta,psalm-wright, psalmist. Sealt, II. 1. salt. Sealt, adj., salt. Sealtere, II. 2. Salter. Seamere, II. 2. seamer, tai- lor. Searo-J>oncol, devising stra- tagem, cunning. Searwade (sine), p. 153? Seax, II. 1 , 2, 3. knife, sword. Seaxan, Saxons. Ohthere evidently speaks of the Nordalbingian Saxons. r, ' I pret. sohte, to Gesecan, > : , n ' ni . I seek. Gr. 214. oecean, J Secg, II. 2. soldier, warrior, man. Secgan, "I pret. sakle, to Gesecgan, j say. Gr. 214. Secrae, for secra, or seocra, gen. pi. of seoc. Segel, II. 2. sail. s~i° > to sail. Geseghan, J Gesegon, pret. pi. of geseon. Gr. 231. tSeh, soh (sah), fell down, descended. From sfgan. Geseh, i. q. geseah. See Geseon. Sel, good, excellent. Seldcufi, selcouth, wonderful, extraordinary. Seldon, seldom. Ger. sel- ten. Seldsyn, rare. Sele, II. 2. hall, saloon. Sem, the wood of xvhich Noah's ark was made, in Genesis called Gopher wood. Geseman, to determine, judge, decide between. tSeme]>]j, seemeth, beseem - eth ? Senininga, suddenly. +Sen (seon), "1 , . r „ V J l- \ > to see. t^sen (geseon), J Sendan, 3 sent, sendeS, pret. sende. Gr. 207. fSende (scendan), shend, disgrace. Gesenian, to sign, mark. Seo, fern., she, the. Gr. 146. Seoc, sick. Seocnys, sickness. Seofe, seven. Seofeniht, week. Seofeoa, seventh. Seofon, seofan, seven. Seofonfeald, sevenfold. fSeoh (soft), true. c- i ' f II. 2. seal, phoca. Seolfern, of silver, argenteus. Seolfor, II. 1. silver. Seolfor-smiS, II. 2. silver- smith. Seolm. See Sealm. Seon, "13 p. he gesyhft, Geseon, J pret. geseah (geseh), pi. gesawon (ge- segon). Gr. 231. Gesaw- en beon, to appear. fSeonve (sorh), sorrow, af- fliction. Seow. See Sawan. fSeop (soft), sooth. GLOSSARY. 273 Seo]>an, 3 syS, pret. seat), to seethe, boil. Gr. 251. SeoSSa, "I (siSSan), after- tSeotiSen, J wards, then. Sermende, a country or peo- ple to the north ofMcegfta- land (Mazovia) and to the east of the Burgendas (Burynndiones), extend- iny to the Riphccan moun- tains, being the modern Livonia, Esthonia, and part of Lithuania. Creseted, seated, placed, qu. from setian ? Gr. 202 ? Setl, III. 1. settle, seat, setting. Setl-gang, II. 2. sunnan setl- gang, sunset. Setlung, setting. (resetnys, law, institute, booh, lace, con- esta- blish, compose, dedicate. Gr. 208. tSettledd, settled, seated. fSeuge (secge), to say. Gesewen, seen ; gesewen beon, to seem, videri. See Seon. Cresewenlic, visible. Sex. See Seax. fSeS (soS), sooth, true. GesefidM, to prove true, con- firm. Sepe, masc., he who, who, which. fShsewenn (sceawian), to shoio. fShende (scendan), to re- proach, contumelia affi- cere. related. Settan, 1 to set, place Gesettan, J stitute, Sia, E. Angl. for seo. Sib, II. 3. peace. fSib, contract. Gesib, ] /. , . f/sib, ) °f km > Sibling, II. 2. relation, kins- man or kinswoman. G^sibsum, peaceable, friend- ly. Siccetung, sigh, sob. Sfd, wide, ample. Sfde, I. 3. silk. Sfde, I. 3. side. Sfd -wah, II. 2. side- wall ; sid-wages, for -wagas ; Semi-Sax. Sig, for sy. See Wesan. Sfgan, pret. sail, pi. sigon, to sink, descend, fall down. Sige, W.l.victory. Ger. Sieg. Sige-folc, II. 1. triumphant people. Sigel, II. 3. collar, necklace. monile. Sige-rdf, famed for victory. Sige-wong, II. 2. plain or field of victory. Sigor, W.l.victory. Ger. Sieg. Sigor-lean, II. 1. reward of victory. Ges'ihS, II. 3. sight, vision, aspect, presence. Sillende, Seeland. Silomon, Sulmo. Simle, ever, always. Sin. See Syn. Sfn, his, he?'. Ger. sein, Dan. sin. Gr. 145. Sine, II. 1. treasure, silver. Sinc-gyfa, treasure-giver ; epithet applied to a chief. n5 274 GLOSSARY Singal, ~\ perpetual, conti- Singallic, / mwus. Singan, pret. sang (song), pi. sungon, to sing. Singian, I . „ b . . >to sin. Gresmgian, J Sino<5, synod. Sio, i. q. seo. Siofian, to bewail. fSip (scip), ship. Sittan, f pret. saet, pp. ge- (resittan, J seten, to sit, sit in. Sixtig, sixty. Si'5, II. 2. way, path, journey, extremity, time. O. N. Sinn, Dan. Sinde. Gr. 33. SiS, late. Gesxb, II. 2.chieftain,comes. SiSlice, afterwards, subse- quently. fSifte, sighed. SiSfaet, II. 2. III. 1. way, journey, expedition. SiSian, to journey. SiS}>an, after, after that, then, aftericards. Slasd, II. 1. plain, open tract of country. O. N. Sletta, Dan. Slette. Slaege. See Siege. Slaegie, E. Angl. for siege. Slaep, II. 2. sleep. Slaepan, 3 slaepS, pret. slep, pp. siapen. Gr. 234. Slaep-ern, II. 1. dormitory. Slapan. See Slaepan. Slat. See Slftan. Sleac, slack, slow, remiss. Slean, 1 3slyhS,pret. sloh, Geskan, J pi. slogon, pp. gestagen, to slay, strike, beat, cast, fight. Ger. schlagen. Also, to gain {by fighting); as, ac )>u most heonon hufie laklan, ]>e ic J>e aet hilde gesloh. but thou mayst hence lead the spoil, which I for thee have won in battle : — Ccedm. p. 129, line 24. [^EfelstanandEadmund] ealdor-langne tyr geslo- gon aet secce. \_Athel- stan and Edmund~\ gain- ed life-long glory in the battle : — Battle of Br., 1.6. See Warton, H. E. P. i. p. lxvii. edit. 1840. Slecge, II. 2. sledge, large hammer ; from slean. Siege, II. 2. slaying, slaught- er, stroke, blow. Slege-faege, doomed to slaughter. Ges\egen,struck; pp. of slean. Sleh, imperat. of slean. Slepan. See Slaepan. Sliht, II. 2. stroke, caedes. Slftan, pret. slat, to slit, tear. m ? ' > See Slean. Smael, small, narrow. Smeagan, pret. smeade, to inquire, consider, argue, meditate, contemplate, de- sign. Smeagung, machination. Smean. See Smeagan. Smeat, beaten gold, from smftan, pret.smat, to smite, beat ? GLOSSARY. 275 Smeaftancolnys, subtlety. Smedeme, I. 3. flour. Smift, II. 2. smith, handi- craftsman. Senile, I. 3. smith//, work- shop. Ger. Schmiede. Smylt, mild, placid, tran- quil. Smyrian, to smear, anoint. Snaw, II. 2. snoiv. Snaw-hwft, snow-white. Snel, bold, quick, active. Ger. schnell. Snioan, pret. snao", pi. sni- don, pp. sniden, to cut. Ger. schneiden. Snoter, ivise, prudent. Snude, forthwith, quickly. Snytro, III. 3. prudence, wit. Gr. 103. Softe, softly, easily. fSoh. See Seh. fSohfaest (sooTrest), true. Solcen, silken, for seolcen, from seolc. fSomed (samod), together. tSommere (sunire), in some. Gesomnian, to assemble, call together. Gesomnung, assembly, syna- gogue ; from samnian, to gather. Ger. Sammlung. Somod. See Samod. Son, II. 2. sound, song. Sona, soon, straightways, forthwith. Song, i. q. sang. Song, i. q. sang, pret. of sin- gan. Song-craeft, II. 2. art of song, poetry. fSon somm, as soon as. Sotit, E. Angl. for sanct. Sorgian, to sorrow, grieve. Sorh, II. 3. sorrow, care. Ger. Sorg. Sorliful, sorrowful. Sorhlice, sorrowfully, mise- rably. So5, true, truly, in sooth ; sope, truly ; to sope, in sooth, forsooth. SooTasstnes, 1 truth, inte- SoSfaestnys, J grity, jus- tice; forsoSfaastnysseGod, ^ p. 79, 1.9. SoSlice, soothly, truly, for, amen; nam, enim. tSoSscipe (sotscipe), sotship, folly. fSpac, for spaec. Spad, III. 3. spade. Spaec, i. q. spraec. (respanan, to persuade, en- tice. See Aspanan. Sparian, to spare. Spearca, spark. Spec, i. q. spralc. Specan, i. q. sprecan. Sped, II. 3. wealth, prospe- rity. Spedan, to speed, succeed, agree ? f/spedden (gespcddon), ex- ecuted, performed, speeded. fSpedet (spedeS). See Spedan. Spedig, rich. Spell, II. 1. & II. 3? history, tale, message, sermon, spell. tSpellenn (spellian), to re- late, preach. 276 GLOSSARY. tSpeneS (spendeS), spends; from spendan. Spere, III. 1. spear. Spic, II. 2? bacon. Ger. Speck. fSpilede (spellade), spoke; from spellian. Spillan, to destroy. 6responnen. See Gespanan. (7espo\van, pret. -speow, to succeed, speed. Spraec, II. 3. speech, saying. Sprecan, 1 3 sprycS, pret. 6resprecan, J spraec, to speak, to speak to, address. Ger. sprechen. Gr. 229. Sprengan, to burst, break, snap. Ger. springen. Springan, pret. sprang, pi. sprungon, to spring. Sprittan, spryttan, to sprout, germinare, pullulare. Gr. 208. Sprot, II. 2 ? sprout, rod ? See p. 23, note. Spur-le]>er,II.3. spur-leather. Spycan, i. q. Sprecan. Spyrta, basket, sporta. Staede, for stede. Stasf, II. 2. staff, rod, letter, writing. Ger. Stab. Stael-hn&n, II. 2. decoy rain- deer. Gestaman, to stone. StSenen, of stone. Sta;r, III. 1 . history. Staeo", III. 1. shore, bank. StaefiSig, steady, Jinn, se- rious. Gestae'Sfiignys, steadiness, gravity. Stalcung, stalking, walking slowly, stealthily. Stalian, to steal. Stan, II. 2. stone. Ger. Stein, Dan. Steen. Standan, 1 3 stent(stynt), G'estandan, J pret. stod, to stand, to be, drive, con- tinue. Also, act. to urge, vex, attack (as a disease). Gr. 237. Starian, to stare, look. StaSol, II. 2, foundation, site. Se sta]>ol }>ara turfa, the place where they grew. Steap, steep, deep. Ste&rc,rugged, hard, austere. Ger. stark. Stede, II. 2. stead, place ; stede faest, steadfast, firm. Stede-heard, firm in place (warrior). Stefen, II. 3. voice. Gr. 81. fStefuen (stefen), voice. Stelan, 3 stylS, pret. stael, pp. stolen, to steal. Stemn. Gr.81. See Stefen. Stemnettan, to meet? Stenc, II. 2. stench, odour. Steop-bearn, II. 1. stepchild. Steorbord, II. I. starboard. Steorra, star. Steort, II. 2. tail. Steppan, pret. stop, to step, go. Sterced-ferhS, stern-minded, rugged. Sticcemaelum, piecemeal, here and there. Stig, II. 3. path. Nor. stigo for stiga. GLOSSARY. 27' Stfgan, pret. stah, pi. stigon, pp. stfgen, to go, proceed (upwards or downwards), according to the prepo- sition prefixed. Stihtan, to arrange, dispose. Crestillan, to still, stag. Still e, still. Stillnes, stillness, quiet. Stingan, pret. stitng, pi. stun- gon, to sting, stab. Stfran. See Styrian. Stiria, sturgeon. Ger. and Dan. Stor. Stirigendlic, stirring, mo- ving. Stiward, II. 2. steward. StiS, 1 stern, austere, se- StiSlic, J vere. *st"«r' \ stern ty-> austerely. Stibmod, stern. StiSnys, austerity, severity. Stod. See Standan. fStonde (stund), stound, while, time. Ger. Stunde. Stont,for stent. See Standan. Stop. See Steppau. Stor, frankincense. tStor, great. Dan. stor. Storm, II. 2. storm. Ger. Sturm, Dan. Storm. Storm, stormy. Stow, II. 3. place ; forming the termination to many names of towns, as, God- stow, Felixstoio, etc. Stracian, to stroke. Strael, II. 2. arrow, dart, missile. Strait, II. 3. street. Strang, strong, severe, rigid. given Ger. strenge. Strange, strongly, powerfully. Crestningian, to strengthen. Stream, II. 2. stream. Strec, severe, rigid. Streccan, pret. strehte, to stretch, spread. Strengre, -a, stronger. Gr. p. 51. fStrenS (strengS), strength, poiver. StrengS, II. 3. 1 • , StrengSu, III. 3. / strm 9 m - Streon, "1 III. \.gain,pro- Gestreon, j fit, treasure. Streoneshalh, Whitby. Dan. Hvid By. This is one of the instances where the Saxon name has place to the Danish. Streowian, to strew. Strihan, i. q. Gestrynan. Strudan, \ to spoil, rob, de- Strutian, / stroy. Gestvyna,n,to beget, get, gain. Stund, II. 3. stound, space of time ; embe stunde, from time to time. Stunt, foolish, stupid. Stur-mere, Sturmer in Es- sex, on the river Stour, or rather the fen (mere) it- self, in the neighbourhood of which Leofsunu ap- pears to have dwelt. " On the south, the river Stour, at its rise, stagnates in a great fen, called Stour- meer, but presently con- fining itself within its banks, first passes by Clare," etc. — Cough's '278 GLOSSARY. Camden, vol. ii. p. 43. 1st edit. Sty gan,fo go, proceed, mount. Stylan, to be amazed, obstu- pescere. Gestylde, p. 125, 1. 12, with- out doubt an error for gestyrde, punished. See Styrian. Styman, to steam, exhale. Stynt. See Standan. Styrian, 1 to regidate, stir, G%styrian, J punish, cor- rect, rule ; gov. dat. of pers. and gen. of thing. Styriaen, for styrian. Styrman, to storm, assail, vociferate. Styrne, stern, severe. Styrn-mod, stern of mind. StySnys, severity, austerity. Sue, E. Angl. for swa. tSuge (secgan), to say. Sufn. See Swih. Sul, sulh, II. 1. plough, ploughshare. Sulh-geteog, III. 1. plough- ing implements. fSuluer (seolfer), silver. Sum, some, one, a, quidam. He syxa sum, he one of six, or with Jive others. tSum, as. Dan. som. Sumer, III. 2. summer. fSumneden (somnodon), assembled; from somnian. Sun-beam, II. 2. sunbeam. Sund, swimming, natatio. fAnsund, sound, safe. Gesund, sound, safe. /sund, for gesund. Sunder-halga, one sundered as it were from others through extraordinary ho- liness, a pharisee. 6resundfull, 1 healthy, sound, 6resundlic, / prosperous. Gesundfullice, safely, etc. Sundor-sprsec, II. 3. a con- versation apart. Sundor-yrf, II. 1. separate property. Sundran. On sundr&n, apart. Sun-ganges, with the sun. Sunnan-daeg, II. 2. Sunday. Sunne, 1.3. sun. Ger. Sonne. Sunu, III. 2. son. Ger. Sohn, Dan. Son. Gr. ^ 96. Surpe (Sorabi, Sorbi), a Slavonic people inhabiting Lusatia, Misnia, part of Brandenburg and Silesia. Their capital was Sorau. Susl, II. 3. torment, punish- ment. fSuste (swuster), sister. Suwian, to keep silence, si- lere. SuSan, south, from the south. Gr. 339. Su3-Dene, the Danes inha- biting the south of Jut- land. Supern, southern. SuJ>erne (sufernne) gar means a missile that had been sent from the English side, which was returned by the viking. An instance of the reverse occurs at p. 136, 1.22, sqq. Suft-rihte, due south. SuSweard, southward. GLOSSARY. 279 tSu]>j>e (siSSan), afterwards. Swa, so, thus, as, whether. Swa hwa swa, whosoever. Swa hwaet swa, whatso- ever. Swa hwylc swa, whosoever. Swa hwaer swa, wheresoever. Swa ilce, i. q. swylce. Swa same, so. fSwa summ, so as ; for swa swa : Dan. saasooi. Swa swa, so as. S wa-peah, S wa-peah-hwae- pere, yet, notwithstanding, nevertheless. Swaec, II. 3. odour, taste, flavour, seasoning, sapor. Swaefas, the Swabians. Swaer, heavy. Ger. schwer. Swaes, siveet, dear, own. Swaesend,III. I. meat, viand; generally used in the plu- ral. Swaaslice, "1 sweetly, be- (■reswaeslice, J nignantly, kindly. fSwain. See Sweyn. Swat, II. 2. siveat, poet, blood. Swatig, sweaty, poet, bloody. SwaSu, III. 3. trace, vestige, way, path. Sweart, swart, black. Ger. schwarz, Dan. sort. Swefel, II. 2. sulphur. Ger. Schwefel, Dan. Svovel. Swefen,l mi r/mm> Swein, J Sweg, II. 2. sound. wega , i to sonn( [, Sweigan, J Swegcraeft, II. 2. sound-craft, music. Swegel, II. 1 ? heaven, fir- mament. Swegl-rad, II. 2. plectrum ? Olig. suegilpein, from Goth, swiglon, to play music ? Sweger, II. 3. wife's mother. Sweging, sound, noise. Geswel, III. 1. swelling, tu- mour. Swelgere, II. 2. glutton. Ger. Schwelger. Sweltan, pret. swealt, pi. swulton, to die. Gr. 242. fSwen, See Sweyn. G'eswenc. See Geswinc. G'eswencan, | to vex, afflict, Gesxvencian, J fatigue. Geswencednys, affliction, sorrow. o & ' > stroke, blow. Sweng, J Sweoland, II. 1. Sweden. Sweon, the Swedes. Sweora, neck. Sweorcende, darkening ; from sweorcian, to grow dark or gloomy ; sweor- cend-ferh$, gloomy-mind- ed. Sweord, II. 1. sivord. Sweorettung, sigh. Sweoster. See Swuster. Sweot, II. 2. band, turma. Sweotol, i. q. swutol. Swer, Nor. for sweger. Swc't, sweet. Gcswetan, to sweeten. S we t n es, s weetness. f/sweued (geswefod), ten- 280 GLOSSARY. dered senseless ; from ge- svvefian, sopire. f Sweyn, swain, young man. Dan. Svend. Swfcan, "1 pret. swac, pi. Ceswfcan, J swicon, to deceive, betray, cheat, de- sist from, shrink from. Swfcdom, fraud, deceit. Swicol, false, treacherous, deceitful. Swift, swift. Svviftnys. See Swyftnys. Swige, I. 3. silence. Swigian, to hold silence. Swike, for swicon. See Swfcan. Swilce. See Swylce. fSwilch (swylce), as. fSwillc (swylc), such. Swim«, 1. 2 ? giddiness, ver- tigo. Swimmende, swimming. Swfn. See Swyn. Creswinc, III. 1. labour, toil, trouble. Swincan, pret. swanc, pi. swuncon, to toil. Swincgel, II. 3 ? 1 stripe, Swincgle, I. 3 ? J blow, lash. Swingan, pret. swang, pi. swungon, to scourge. Swingel, II. 3. correction, affliction. tSwinnc (swine), toil. Swinsian, to give forth sound. S win sung, sound, melody. Swipe, whip, scourge. Swio", great, strong. Swi<5e, very, valde, magno pere. SwiSlic, violent, strong. SwiSlice, i. q. swiSe. SwiSmod, violent, haughty. Swifior, more; comp. of swio\ SwiSost, chiefly, for the most jjart. Swiftra, compar. of swiS, right, dexter. CreswiSrian, to prevail against, subdue. fSwomefest (sceamfsest), shamefast. fSwowen, swoon. Swulce, for swylce. Swunce. See Swincan. Swuncgon. See Swingan. Swura, i, q. sweora. Swurd, i. q. sweord. Swuster, (reswuster, Swutelian, 1 to make ma- Creswutelian, / nif est, show. Swutelice, plainly, mani- festly. Swutelung, manifestation, testification. Swutol, swutel, manifest, evi- dent; sweotole, manifestly. Swyftlere, II. 2. subtalaris. Swyftnys, swiftness. Swylc, such. Swylce, as if, moreover, as it were. Swymman, pret. swamm, pi. swummon, to swim. Swyn, II. 1. swine. Ger. Schwein, Dan. Svin. Swyra, i. q. sweora. III. 2. sister. GLOSSARY. 281 Swyrd-bora, sword-bearer ; E. Angl. swyrd-borae. Swyrd-geswing, sword-stri- king, conflict of swords. Svvytelian, E. Angl. for swu- telian. Swywian, i. q. suwian. Swyfost. See SwiSost. Sybb. See Sib. Syfer, sober, abstinent, pure, decent; syferlice, soberly, etc. Ger. sauber. Syfernys, soberness, modera- tion. Syfling, meat, anything eaten with bread, opsonium. CresyhS. See GesihS. Syl, II. 3. sill,post, log. Syl. See Syll. Sylan-scear, ploughshare. Sylf, self, same. Sylfor. See Seolfor. Sylfwilles, voluntary. Syll, II. 1. & II. 3. plough. Syllan, "1 pret. sealde, to Gesyllan, J sell, give, be- tray. Gr. 196. Symbel, III. 1. feast ; dat. symle. Symbel, 1 always; on sym- Symle, J bel, at all times. Syn, II. 3. sin. Gr. 82. Syn, for synt. Synderlice, especially. Syndrig, simdry. Syndrie, syndrige, separately, re- spectively. Synful, sinful. Syngan. See Singan. Syngian. See Singian. Gesynto, III. 1. safety, sue- snare, cess, benefit; used in pi. only. Gesyrwed, p. 136, 1. 30, ap- parently an error for ge- syrwende, from gesyr- wian, to lay snares, ma- chinate, insidiari. Syru, III. 1. Gr.95."l Syrwung, J machination, wile. Syxtig, sixty. SySoan. See SifrSan. fTa, for ]>a, after a word ending in d or t. Tacen, tacn, III. I. token, sign. Cetacnian, to betoken, sig- nify. Cretacnung, signification, sign, type. Ta?can, pret. taehte, to teach. Taecung, teaching. Ta^gel, II. 2. tail. (retail, getel, getal, III. 1. tale, number, series. Tailan, to blame, insult, ca- lumniate. fTaelen (ta^lan), to blame. fTasr, for ]>aer, after a word ending in d or t. fTaergaeness, for paergasnes;*, there-against. Taesan, to tease, annoy, as- saidt. fTahten (ta'diton), taught, showed ; from taican. fTake on, to receive, treat. 282 GLOSSARY. fTaken (tacn), token, mi- racle. fTakenn (tdecan), to take, receive. Tain, tame. fTatt, for ]>att, after a word ending in d or t. GVtawian, to prepare, reduce to. It. to beat, misuse. fTe, for ]>e, after a word ending in d, t, or ss. Teah. See Tedn. Creteald, told, said; from tellan. Tear, II. 2. tear. Ger. Zahre, Dan. Taar. Tegdon, apparently from tegan, i. q. tian, to tie, bind. tTe33, tkeij. fTe 33 re, their. tTeken (tacen), token, ex- ample. Cretel. See Getsel. Tela, well! good! it is well! Ceteld, II. 1. tent, tabernacle. Ger. Zelt, Dan. Telt. Telgian, to branch, flou- rish. Tellan, "! pret. tealde, to Getellan, J tell, recount, ac- count, reckon. Temese, Thames. Temian, G'etemian. ry if HI* 1« temple. Teode. See Tedn. G^teoh, III. 1. stuff, matter, implement, utensil. Ger. Zeug, Dan. Tdi. } to tame. Geteohian, to resolve. Teolian. See Tilian. Teolung, tilling, culture. Tedn, 3 tyhS, pret. teah, pi. tugon, to draw, go, lead, educate, and pret. teode, to produce, create ; tedn for8, p. SO, 1. 13, for fortS- teon. Teona, injury, injustice, xorong. TeoSa, teo]?e, tenth. Teran, pret. taar, pp. tdren, to tear. Gr. 229. Terfinna land, the country between the northern point of the Bothnian Gulf and the North Cape. Te8. See TdS. Ticeswell, Tichwell in Nor- folk, near Hunstanton. Tictator, II. % dictator. Tfd, II. 3. time, hour, tide, synaxis. Dan. Tid, Ger. Zeit. Gr. 84. Getfgan. See Getfgian. Tige, II. 2. tie, nexus. Tigel, II. 2. tile, brick. Ger. Ziegel, Dan. Tegl. G'etigged, tied; from ge- tfgian. Cretigian, to tie. Tigris, tiger. Tihian, to resolve. Tihtan, "1 topersuade,urge, Getihtan, J excite, seduce. Tihting, instigation. Tilia, tiller, husbandman. Tilian, to till, prepare, get ; with gen. Gr. 397. flill, to. Dan. til. GLOSSARY, 283 to build. (7etillan, to touch. Tillice, well, aptly; from til, good. Tilling, tilling, culture. Ti'ma, time, hour, season. Dan. Time. Timbrian, "I (7etimbrian, J Getiinian, to befall, happen. Tin, II. 1. tin. itinbred (sic MS.), for ge- timbrod. Getingnys, eloquence. Tintreg, torment. Tintreglic, infernal; from tintreg. Ge\\6x\, for geteon, i. q. teon. Tio(5, for teo<5. Tir, II. 2. glory. Tirian, "I to vex, provoke, Tirigan, / exasperate. Tioe, in possession of, com- pos. Titian, "I to grant, give, Get\]nan, J alloic, prae- stare ; gov. gen. To, too. Ger. Zu. To, to, at, from, in, as, for ; in comp. with a verb. Lat. dis, Ger. zer. Toberstan, pret. -baerst, pi. -burston, to burst, break, be dashed in pieces. fTobetet (to-beateft), beat- eth ; from beatan. Tobraklan, pret. -braedde, pi. -brsed, to spread. Tobrecan, pret. -braec, pp. -brocen, to break. Ger. zerbrechen. Tobredan, pret.-br£ed, to cast off' (sleep) ; with dat. To-cyme, II. 2. coming, ad- vent. To-daeg, to-day. TodaSlan, act. and neut., to deal, divide, share. Todal, division, distinction, difference. To don, to divide. Todrefian, to scatter, expel. To-eacan, besides, in addi- tion to. To-emnes, along. Toflion, to flee from. See Fleon. Toforan, before. Togaedere, together; togae- dre fon, to assemble. Togeanes, towards, to, against. To-gebindan, to bind to. See Bindan. To-gehyhtan (-geyhtan),ad- jicere. To-gelaklan, to bring to. To-gelecgan, to lay to, apply. See Lecgan. Getogen, educated, drawn. See Teon. To-genydan, to force to. To-geyhte. See Yean. To-ge]'eodan, to add, join. Toglfdan, pret. -glad, pi. -glidon, to glide away. Tohte, I. 3 ? 1 n- t Getoht i Hhl?I COnJllCt ' To-irnan, to run to. See Yrnan. fTokenn, began. Tdl, II. 3. tool, instrument. 284 GLOSSARY. Tolicgan, to lie beticeen, se- parate. tTome, for turn. Tomearcian, to mark, num- ber, distinguish, tax. Tomearcodnys, numbering, taxing, census. Toraiddes, in the midst, amid. Torhtiic, } M f ht ' Torhtmod, bright-minded. Torn, II. 2. anger. Ger. Zorn. Toslftan, to rend in pieces, break. See Slitan. Tosloh, struck. See Slean. Tosomme, together. Toswellan, pret. -sweoll, pp. -swollen, to swell. Gr. 242. Toteran, 3 -tyrS, pret. -taer, pp. -toren, to tear, rend. Totwaeman, "1 to divide, se- Totw&mian, J parate, di- stinguish. Toweard, tow exA, future, to- ward, to come, to be, futu- rus, -a, -um. Towurpan, -weorpan, 3 -wyrpS, pret. -wearp, pi. -wurpon, to destroy, cast down, put an end to. T6S, tooth ; tojnim ontynan, dentibus aperire, utter? Gr. 96. To J>ags, to that degree, adeo. To )>on, so. Tojmnden, swollen. To ]>y ))set, to the end that, eo quod. Trcef, II. 2. tent, pavilion. O. Fr. tref. Traht-boc, commentary, ex- position. Trahtnere, II. 2. interpreter, expounder. Trahtnian, to treat, expound, interpret. Trahtnung, exposition. Trendel, sphere, orb. Treow, III. 1. tree. Dan.Tre. Treow-cin, II. 1. tree species, kind of tree. Treowen, of tree, wooden, woody. fTreoweSe (treoweS), trust- eth ; from treowian. Getreowlice, truly, faith- fully. Treow- wyrhta, free- or wood- wright, carpenter. Treppe, 1. 3 ? trap. Triumpha, triumph. fTrokede. See Trukeden. fTrowwen (treowian), to trow, trust, confide. fTrow\v]> (treowS), troth, faith. f Trukeden (trucodon),/oe7- ed, defecit ; from trucian. Tram, firm. Truma, cohort of 1 100 men, turma. Trumuncg, confirmation, corroboration. E.Angl. for trymming. Truso, a toivn on the border of the mere or lake from which the river llfing {El- bing) fioios in its course toivards Elbing. GLOSSARY. 285 T r u wa, fa ith , (rust. Truwiai), 1 to trust, confide, Getruwian, / rely on. Trym, step. Beow. 5047, trem. Dan. Ti in ? Trymian, Getrymian, Getrymman, Getrynmiian, Trymnes, exhortation. Tryw. See Treow. Getrywe, true, faithful. fTu, for Jm, after a word ending in d or t. to confirm, encourage, strengthen. Tucian, Getucian ,} to punish, tor- ment ; bys- mere tucian, to torment ignominiously. Tugon. See Teon. Tun, II. 2. town, enclosure, mansion. Ger. Zaun. Tunece, I. 3. tunic, coat, garment. Tunge, I. 3. tongue. Ger. Zunge, Dan. Tunge. Tun-gerefa, tdwn-reeve, vil- licus. Tungol, tungel, III. 1. hea- ven!;/ bodi/, star. P. 110, 1. 18, tunglon occurs in the ace. plur. Tungol-witega, lit. star-pro- phet, astrologer ; from tungol, star, and witega, wise man, jirophet. Turf, HI. 3. turf. Gr. 106, 108. fTurnenn (tyrnan), to turn. Turtle, I. 3. turtle-dove. fTuss, for ]>us, after a word ending in d or t. Twig, Tuwa, twice. Twa, neut. and fern., two. Gr. 171. Twegen, masc, tivain, two. Gr. 171. Twelf, twelve. Ger. zwolf, Dan. tolv. fTwemen (tw£enian), to se- parate, divide. Twenti, 1 . rr, ,. > twenty. I wentig, J J Tweogan, 1 pret. tweode, Tweonian, J for tweogde, to doubt, hesitate. ^ ' > doubt. 1 weonung, J Tweowa, twice. Gr. 185. III. 1. twig, branch, Ger. Zweig. \ Twines (twywa), twice. Twy, two ; twy-winter, two years (old). Twycina, a place ichere two tvays meet. Twyfeald, twofold. Twylic, ambiguous, doubt- ful. Twyn, doubt. Twynian. See Tweogan. Twyiiung. See Tweonung. Tyan, to teach; getyd, in- structed. Tydder, weah. Tyddrian, 1 to produce, Getyddrian, J bring forth, cherish, alere. Tyhtan. See Tihtan. Getym, III. 1. plur. getyme, team, yoke. Tyman, to team, beget, pro- pagate. 286 GLOSSARY. Tyn, ten. Tyncenum, p. 88, 1. 10? Tyrf. See Turf. Tytie, Tityus. U. fUader (feeder), father. fUael (weel), slaughter. fUair (fseger), _/«*>. fUeht (feokt), fight, impe- rat., from feohtan. fVeisip>, departure, decease. See FaeisiSe. fVerd (fyi'd), army. tUest(fa?st),/«5f ; on ueste, strongly, severely? TT/ . ' > above, from above. Ufenan, J J Geuferian, to exalt. Ufeweardan, upward, above. Uht-sang, II. 2. nocturns, nocturnal lauds ; from uht, the latter part of the night. •fUinden (findan), to find. tUlc (ylc), same. Unablinnendlice, incessant- ly, unceasingly. See Blinnan. Unadvvaescendlic, unquench- able ; from adwaescan, to extinguish. fUnaleleda? (onselde?), in- flamed, enraged? Unalyfedlic, incredible, un- allowable. Unar, II. 3. dishonour, dis- grace. Unasecgendlic, unspeakable, ineffable. immortal. Unaswundenlice, actively, zealously. fUnbalded (unbealdod), be- come less bold, sunk in vi- gour. Unbeboht, unsold; from be- bycgan, to sell. See Bic- gan. Unbefangenlic, incompre- hensible ; from befon. Unbefohten, unassailed. Unbindan, to unbind. See Bindan. Unc, us two. Gr. 137. Unclame, unclean, impure, unchaste. Uncnyttan, to untie, unknit. UncuS, unknown, belonging to another, alienus. Undeadlic, 1 . Undeamic, / Undeopjmncol, not deeply thinking, superficial. Under, under, among. Ger. unter. Underbade, behind, back- icards. Underdelfan, 3 -dylf, pret. -dealf, pi. -dulfon, to delve under, undermine. Underfeng. See Under- fon. Underfon, to receive, accept. See Fon. Undergytan, pret. -geat, to understand, perceive. Under-kyng, II. 2. under- king, tributary king. Underlecgan, to underlay, support, prop. See Lec- gan. GLOSSARY. 287 Undern, II. 2. the third hour, terce, i. e. 9 o'clock A.M. Undern-tfd, II. 3. tertia. See Undern. Understandan, to under- stand. See Standan. Underwrebian, to support, sustain. Under]>eod, addicted, prone, deditus, subject, suffra- gan. Underpeodan, to resign, ad- dict, subject. Underpeow, II. 2. subject. Undon, to undo. See Don. tUndonc (unpanc), ingrati- tude ; unpancunnan, to feel ungrateful, owe a grudge. Ger. Undank. Unearh, intrepid; from earh, fugitive, cowardly. UneaSe, uneasy, vexed. Also, adv. difficultly, vix. UneaSelice, with pain, diffi- cultly. Unforbaerned, unburnt. Unforcuft, honest, open, un- daunted. U n fo r h t , fearless. Unforhtigende, fearless. Unforsceawodlice,«?2flware*. Unforsmolsnod, uncorrupt- ed ; probably an error for unformolsnod, from for- molsnian, to corrupt. UnfriS, II. 2. hostility. Ungecnawen, unknown. See Gecnawan. Ungedefe, improper, unfit- ting, evil; from gedefe, tranquil, convenient, etc. Ungefohge, inconceivably. Ungefdtlic, impassable on foot. Ungefraeglice, extraordina- rily, in an unheard-of manner. Ungehyrsum, disobedient. Ger. ungehorsam. Ungelaired, unlearned, ig- norant. Ungeleafful, unbelieving. Ungelimp, II. 1. misfortune, mishap. Ungelyfedlic, incredible. Ungemastlic, immeasurable, vast; ungemetlice, im- measurably, exceedingly. Ungemy ndig, unmindful. Ungesewenlic, invisible. Ungewunelic, unwonted. Ger. ungewohnt. Unhal, unhale, sick. Unheh, not high. Unlaed, wicked, improbus, perditus. Unlucan, pret. -leac, pi. -lu- con, to unlock, open. Unlyfigende, lifeless. Gxainnan, 1 pres. ic -an, pi. -unnon, pret. -uSe, to give, grant, with gen. Gr. p. 79. fUunitt (unnyt), useless ; on unnitt, unprofilably , idly. Unorne, vigorous, bold} fUnraS (unraed), evil coun- sel, imprudence, demen- tia. 288 GLOSSARY. Unriht, II. 1. tmrighteous- ness, injustice, wrong ; on unriht, unjustly, wrong- ly. Unriht, 1 ., Unrihtlic, J wron 9> eml Unrihtwfsnis, unrighteous- ness. Unrot, sad. Unrotnys, sorroiv, sadness, repining. Geunrotsian, to sadden, cast down. Unsffilig, unhappy, unblessed, profligate, infelix. UnscaeSSig, harmless, inno- cent. UnscaeSSignys, innocence. Unseen]), unharnesses ; should probably be un- scerS, from an unrecorded verb, unscerran. Ger. ausschirren. (Suggested by Mr. R. Taylor.) UnsceSignys, innocence. Unscrydan, to undress, un- frock. Unscyldig, innocent. Ger. unschuldig. UnsiS, II. 2. mishap, misfor- tune, unfortunate expedi- tion. Unsofte, unsoftly, severely, rigorously. Unspedig, less affluent, poor. UnstaSelf'aestnes, instability, unsteadiness. Unstille, unstill, restless. Unswaaslic, unpleasant. Unsyfer, unsober, impure. Untfgean, to untie. Untodasledlic, indivisible; untodaeledlice, indivisi- bly. Untrum, infirm, sick. G'euntrumian, to afflict with sickness or infirmity. Untrumnys, "1 infirmity, sick- 3 »J 82. Untrymnys, J ness. Gr. Untwylice, untweonlice, un- doubtedly. Untynan, to open ; from Tun. Unwaclice, boldly. Unweaxen, unwaxen, not full-grotvn. Unweder, III. 1 ? bad wea- ther, storm. Ger. Unge- witter, Dan. Uveir. Unwemme, immaculately. Unwittig, ivitless, ignorant. fUnwour<5 (unweorS), un- worthy, of little value. Un)>aeslic, indecent, unfitting, unseemly. Un]>ancwur<5e, disagreeable. Unfeaw, II. 2. evil habit, vice. fVor. See For. Up, up ; fa up, those above. Up-abredan, to pull or snatch up. See Bredan. Gr. 242. Up-ahebban, 3 -hefS, pret. -hof, pp. -hafen, to raise, lift tip. Up-arderan, to raise up. Up-aspringan,pret. -asprang, pi. -asprungon, to spring up, rise. Up-astfgnes, ascension. GLOSSARY. 289 Up-ateon, to draw up. See Tedn. fUpbrac (up-abraec), brake forth ; from brecan. Up-forketan, to divide, dis- tribute (« river into several streams or brunches}. Up-gangan, to go up. At p. 134, 1. '20, the context seems to require up-gang. See Gangan. Up-geboren, borne on high. See Beran. Up-heofon,II/2. high heaven. Uplic, upplic, on high, su- pernus. Uppcund, well-known, no- tus. — Lye. Uppon, upon, against. Upriht, upright, erect. Upstfg, II. 3. ascension. Up-stfgan, to ascend. See Stfgan. Upweard, upward. Ure, our. Gr. 137. Urig, deivy, humid. See Grimm, And. and El. p. 14-0. Union. See Yrnan. Ut, out. Ut-adrffan, to drive out. See Drffan. Utan-ymb, around. Ute, out, ivithout, Ut-feran, to go out. See Fe- ran. Ut-gan, to go out. See Giin. Ut-gongJI.2. exit, departure. Uton, utun, let us. Gr. 4-15. Uton, ivithout, beyond. See Yinbutan. 1 Vuel (yfel), evil. Uultor, II. 2. vulture. GeuSe. See Geunnan. Uo'uta, Nor. for uowfta, scribe, philosopher, sa- piens. W. W;i, wo. W& wor]>e, ivo be. Wac, weak, slender, mean, vile. Wa'cian, to watch, be tvcak, faint, flinch. Wacol, wacel, watchful, vi* gilant. Wacollice, vigilantly. Wadan, pret. vvdd, to xvade, go. Wsecce, I. 3. watch, vigil. Waeccende, waecende, watch- ing ; from waecan. Gexvsed, III. 1. weed, cloth- ing. Gr. 93, 94. Waedla, poor. Gr. 121. Wsedlian, to become poor. Weefels, II. '2. cloak. Wseg, wey (a weight so call- ed). Waeg, III. 1 ? cup. W&ige, I. 3. balance. Ger. Wage. GewdJge, weight. Wael, II. 1 ? slaughter, death. Waela. See Wei a. Twaeld, for gewealden. See Wealdan. Waelegian, to enrich. E. Angl. for gewelgian. o 290 GLOSSARY. Wa?!-gifre, greedy of 'slaught- er. Wfel-hreow, cruel, blood- thirsty. Waelreowlice, cruelly, hor- ribly. Wael-reownes, cruelty, fero- city. Wdel-rest, II. 3. slaughter- bed. W&I-scel, II. 3. shell (i. e. place) of slaughter. Waal-spere, III. 1. death- spear. Wa±l-stow, II. 3. slaughter- place, field of battle. Waal- (i. e. wel-)willend- ness, benevolence. W&l-wulf, II. 2. wolf of slaughter. WaehvurSian, to highly ve- nerate. Cewaemmodlice, corruptly, impurely. Gewoende. See Wendan. Wajndon. See Wenan. fWainen, p. 171, 1. 15 ; pro- bably an error for waauen, woe (wawa). Waepen, III. l.iveapon. Warned, \ m , %maU , Waepned-man, J Waer, wary, cautious, provi- dent. fWaar (hvvaer), where. Wasre. See Wesan. Wajrlic, wary. Wairlice, warily. Wct'r-loga, belier or breaker of his compact, one void of faith. tWaero" (wrao - ), wroth. Wsesten, for weston, laid waste. Waestm, II. 2. fruit, form, groioth, stature. Waestinbaere, fruitful. Wsestmbcernys, fruitfulness. Waeta, fluid, liquor, water. Waster, III. 1. ivater. Gr. 89. Waeter-aeddre, I. 3. vein or stream of water. Waeterian, to ivater. Wagian, to ivag, shake, move to and fro. Wah, wag, II. 2. wall, paries. fWakede (wacode), grew weak ; from wacian. fWal (weal), wall. Gan awal, See Witan. \\ at j Water, for waeter. weold, pp. GWyldan, J wealden, to wield, govern, sway, have in power. Wealdend, II. 2. ruler, so- vereign. Gr. 118. Weal-gat, III. 1. wall- or rampart-gate. Wealhstdd, II. 2. interpreter. Weall, II. 2. wall, murus. Ger. Wall, Dan. Void. Weallan, pret. weoll, to burn, boil, run (as a sore), ma- nare. Gr. 23k W T eard, II. 2. warden, guar- dian. Weard, II. 3. ward, guard. W T eard, toivards. Wearg, II. 2. wretch, villain. Wearm, warm. Weaxan, 3 wyxS, pret. weox, to wax, grow. Gr. 234. Weder, II. 1. weather, tem- pest. Ger. Wetter. Wedewe. See Widewe. Wefod, i. q. weofod. Weg, II. 2. way. Ger. Weg. Wegan, pret. wseg, to bear, carry. Wegferend, II. I.way faring . Gr. 118. W T eg-nest, 1 II. 3. viaticum. Wrg-nyst, J See Nest. Wei la wei! ivelaway f alas ! Weig. See Weg. Wei, well, almost ; wel ge- hwasr, for the most part, pene ubique. Wela, weal, prosperity ; i n plur. riches. Welded, II. 3. benefit. fWelrle (wealdan). to rule, govern. fWelden (wealden), govern- ed. Weler, II. 2. lip. Welffian, ~| , . , „ s i • ? to ennch. trewelgian, J Welig, weleg, wealthy, rich, flourishing, bountiful. Welinga-ford, Wallingford. Welwillendnes, benevolence. Welwyllende, benevolent. (re we man, to seduce, entice. Weiian, pret. wende, to ween, think, expect. Wendan, 1 3 went, to GWendan, / wend, go, turn, return. Gr. 207. Hence our went. Wende. See Wenan. Wendel-si£, II. 2. & II. 3. the o2 292 GLOSSARY. Mediterranean ; Black Sea. fWennd, turned, trans- lated. Weofod, III. 1. altar. Weonodland. See Winec'a- land. Weop. See Wepan. r i ' \ II. 1, xuork. G-eweorc. J Weorcan. 1 c -,,7 ,-. > See vvvrcan. Gevveorcan. J J Weorpan, 3 wyrpS, pret. wearp, pi. wurpon, to throw, cast. Weoruld-gebyrdn, III. 3. worldly birth. Weoruldhad. See Woruld- had. G'evveor]?an, "I 3 p. he wyr$, Weorpan, / pret. wearS, pi. wind on, to become, be, happen. Gr. 245. GeweorSan, gewyrSan (v. impers. with ace. of pers.), to agree, settle, to seem good or fitting, to be agreed. WeorSe, worthy. \Yeor6Tullice, worthily. GWeorJnan, to honour, dig- nify. YVeorSmynt, II. 2,3. dignity, authority, honour. Weorjmng, honour, glory. Gr. 83. Wepan, pret. weop, to weep. Gr. 234. Wepnse, E.Angl.for wacpnu. Wepnian, to arm. Wer, II. 2. man, husband, vir. Wered, III. 1 . host, army ; Werod, J p. 96, 1. 23, we- rod is feminine. Werhad, manhood, male. Werian, to defend. Werig, weary, accursed. Werig-ferhS, depraved, wick- ed of soul. Werod, stveet. fWerri, to tear, waste. WerS, weorS, worth. fWerSede (wraoode), irri- tated, tormented; from wraSian. Wesan, eom, eart, is (ys), imperf. waes, etc., subj. beo, waere, to be. Gr. 233. Ger. wesen. West, west. fWest. See Uest. Westan, to lay waste. Westan.,from the west. Gr. 339. West-da^l, II. 2. the west. Weste, waste, desert, desert- ed, barren. Westen, III. \. waste, desert, tvilderness. Western, western. West-norS, north-west. West-S£ ( Vester Hav), that part of the German Ocean which washes the western shores of Denmark, from the Elbe, and Norway. Westvveard, westward. tWet (hwffit), what. Wexan. See Weaxan. Gewexen, geweaxen, waxen, grown. See Weaxan. \Yc<5er, II. 2. wether. glossary. 293 -j-Whase, whoso. •J- Whulchere (hwylc), which. Wiarald, E. Angl. for wo- ruld. YVfc, II. 1. dwelling, con- vent. Wicg, II. 1. horse. Wician, to abide, take up quarters, encamp, hospi- tari. Wicing, II. 2. viking, pi- rate. Wicnere, II. 2. steward. Wic-stow, II. 3. place for a camp. fWid, wit (wifi), against. Wfd, wide, broad; wfde, widely, far. |\Vit ) ^ mid )' mthm Widewe, I. 3. widorv. W\d\, filth, pollution. Wfdmaersian, "1 . GWfdmaersian, J brate, make known. WfF, II. 1. wife, ivoman. Wffhad, womanhood, fe- male. Wffian, to wive, marry. Wffman, III. 2. woman. Wig, II. 2. tear, warfare, battle. O. N. *Vfg, caedes. Wiga, warrior. Wig-bed, II. 1. altar ; from wig, temple, and bed, ta- ble ; whence possibly, by contraction, the word we- fod. Wiggend, II. 2. warrior. Gr. 118. Wig-beard, bold in war. Wig-hus, II. 1. ivar-house, tower. Wig-plega, war-play, battle. Wi-haga, wig-haga, war or battle hay, a compact body protected by shields, per- haps synon. with wael- scel. Wiht, aught. Cewiht, III. 1. weight. Wfkian. See Wician. Wild, wild. Cewildan. See Wealdan. Wild-deor, II. 1. icild-beast. Willa, will. Willan. See Wyllan. Willsumnes, devotion. y-, ., .' > to will, desire. trewilman, J will, desire. Willung, GWilnung, f Wilning, WilrincgaweTo", Worling- worth, in Suffolk, between Hoxne and Framlingham. Wimman, i. q. wffman. Wfn, II. 1. wine. Wfn-bog, II. 2. vine-bottgh. Wind, II. 2. ivind. Windan, "1 pret. wand, pi. Cevvindan, / vvundon, to wind, roll, revolve, whirl, brandish, surround, to come forth with a wind- ing motion. Wine, II. 2. friend, comrade. O. N. Vinr, Dan. Ven. Winedaland, Weonodland, the country of the Venedi or Wends. Under the name of Vindland I'-a* 294 GLOSSARY, at one time comprised the whole coast-land from the Schlei to the mouth of the Vistula. Wfneard, "1 II. 2. vineyard. Wfngeard, j Dan. Vin- gaard. Wfne-drihten, II. 2. beloved lord. Wfn-gedrinc, II. 2. wine- drinking, symposium. Wfnlic, winelike, resembling wine. fWinn, 1 jiossession, win, fWinne, J gam? G'ewinn, III. 1. war, struggle, labour. Wirman, pret. vvann, pi. wunnon, to win, war, struggle with. Win -sad, satiated with wine. Winter, III. 2. winter. Gr. 98. N.B. The Anglo- Saxons and other North- ern nations reckoned by winters instead of years. Winter-selt, winter -station, winter -quarters. Wfn-treow, III. 1. vine. Wircean. See Wyrcan. Wire, Wear. Wirian. See Wyrian. Wfs, v'ise. Gewh, gewiss, certain, con- scious. Ger. gewiss. Wfsa, wise man, sapiens. Also, witness. Wiscan, to wish. Wisdom, ivisdom. Wise, I. 3. wise, manner, thing, business, negotium. f /wise (gewis), to iwise, to wit. Wisian, ~| to teach, rule, Wissian, > direct, point Crewissian, J out. Wisle, the Vistula. Wisleland, the country for- merly called Little Po- land, in which the Vistula has its source. Wisle-muJ^a (Weichsel- miinde), mouth of the Vis- tula. That branch of the Vistula, which, after re- ceiving the Elbing, flows into the sea at Danzig. Wfslice, wisely. GWislice, 1 surely, certain- Gewisslice, J ly. Wist, II. 3. meal, repast, food. fWit (witS), against, with. GWit, III. 1. wit, sense, in- tellect. Wfta, wise man, senator, counsellor. Crewita, witness. WTtan, ic wat, pi. witon, pret. wiste, to know, be conscious of . Gr. 218. Gewitan, pret. -wat, pi. -wi- ton, to go, depart, retire. Generally followed by the dative of the subject. Wite, III. 1. punishment, plague, torment. Wi'tega, prophet, wise num. Wftegestre, I. 3. prophetess. Gr. 296. Wftegu ng, prophecy, divina- tion. GLOSSARY. 29.5 t Witeles, irreproachable. Crewitenes, witness, testi- mony, departure, death. fWiteini (witan), to know. fWiterrlig, certain. Witland, the count/// border- ing on the east bank of the Vistula. Witleast, II. 3. folly. GWit-loca, mind, sense. GWitnes, tvitness. Gewitni&n, to punish, tor- ment. Witodlice, verily, for, vero, auteni, profecto. fWitt, we two. Crewittig, sensible, rational. WiS, against, towards, with, along, for, in exchange for; as, beagas wrS ge- beorge, in exchange for safety. Gr. 411. WiS-Eel'tan, behind. WiScweSan, to speak against. See CweSan. WiSerian, to oppose. Wiperlean, II. 1. retribution, reward. Wiftertrod, return. WiSerweard, adverse. In North. Gloss, the adver- sary, i. e. the devil. Wiperwinna, adversary. WiS -geon dan ,about,th rough- out. WiSinnan, ivithin. WiSmetan, to compare, to be like, equal. Gr. 205. WiCsacan, pret. wiSsoc, to deny, renounce. Gr. 237. Wi'Sstiindan, to withstand. oppose. See Standan. Wijmtan, without. Wlaitte, nausea. Wlanc, proud, lofty, grand. Wlftan, pret. wlat, pi. wliton, to look, see. WIfte, II. 2. form, aspect, beauty. fWliten (wli'te), aspect, etc. Wlitig, fair, beautiful. Wlitigian, to form, beautify. Wo, woh, curve, bending ; to woge bringan, to lead astray. fWoch (hwylc), which. Wdd, ivood or wode, mad, possessed. fWodeloker, more woodly or fervently ; from wod, mad, raging. Wodnes-dffig, Wednesday. Wodnys, madness, insa- nity. Woh. See Wo. Wolcen, III. 1. welkin, cloud. Gr. 89. Ger. Wolken. Worn, II. 2. stain, spot. Womfull, sinful, defiled. Wong, wang, II. 2. field, plain. tWonien(wunian), to dwell. Wop, II. 2. whoop, weeping, cry. Gr. 298. See We- pan. Word, II. 1 . ivord, command- ment, fWor}, wor]>, worth. Worhte, wrought; pret. of weorcan. Worms. See Wyrms. 296 GLOSSARY. Worn, II. 1 ? number, mul- titude, body. fWoruh (weorSe), worth. Woruld, II. 3. world. Gr. 84. Woruld-buende, world- dwelling, inhabitant of earth. Gr. 118. Woruld-craeft, II. 2. worldly craft or calling. Woruld-gebyrd, U.S. world- ly birth. Woruld -gesaelig, rich in worldly possessions. Woruldhad, secular state or condition. Woruldlic, worldly. Woruld-nyt, II. 3. worldly or temporal use. Woruld-]>ing, II. 1. worldly thing, matter. Wos, II. 1. oose, juice. fWouh, wo)) (woh), error, ivrong. fWowe, vjoe, misery. Wracian, to be in exile. Wracu, III. 3. vengeance. Wraec, II. 3. exile. Wraecsift, II. 2. exile, jour- ney. WraeS, II. 3. wrath. CrewraSian, to anger. Wrecan, 1 pret. wraec, pp. Cewrecan, J -wrecen, to avenge, punish. Gr. 229. Wrecan, pret. wrehte, to rouse. fWrecche, wretch, exile. Wrecend, II. 2. avenger. Gr. 118. Wregan, to accuse. fWre])J)ede (wraSode), irri- tated, tormented. GWringan, pret. -wrang, pi. -wrungon, to wring. Writ, 1 III. 1. writ, scrip- GWrit, j ture, writing, letter. Wrftan, pret. wrat, pi. wri- ton, to write. Writere, II. 2. writer, scribe. Wrixendlice, in turn, reci- procally. G'ewriSan, pret. -wraS, pi. -wridon, to bind. Gr. 248. Writian, to bud, fructify. Wuce, I. 3. week. Ger. Woche, Dan. Uge. fWuder (hwider), whither. Wudu, III. 2. wood, forest. Wudu-hunig, II. 1. wild honey. Wuduvve, I. 3. widow. Wulder, wuldor, III. 1. glory. Wulder-blaed, II. 3. glorious fruit, or reward. Wulderful, glorious. Wuldor-Faeder, glorious Father. Wuldorfullice, gloriously. Wuldrian, to glorify. Wule, for wile. Wulf, II. 2. wolf. fWun (wyn), joy. GWuna, custom, habit, wotit. Wund, II. 3. wound, sore. Wund, wounded. Ger. wund. Wimden-locc,wounden-lock, having plaited hair. GWundian, to wound. GLOSSARY 297 Wundor, III. 1. wonder, mi- racle. Gr. 93. Wundorful, i wonderful, Wundorlic, / wondrous; wunderlice, wonderfully. Wundrian, to wonder, ad- mire; gov. gen. Wundrung, astonishment, wonder. Wune, witna, wont, practice, custom. G'ewunclic, usual, custo- mary. Wunian, 1 to dwell, rest, Crewunian, J stay, continue, exist, be. GWunian, to be wont. Ger. gewohnen. fWunliche (wynlice), agree- ably, delightfully. fWunn (wyn), joy, pleasure. Wunung, dwelling. Ger. Wohnung. WurcseS, for vvyrcaS. Wurmes, for wyrmas, or wurmas. Wurpan, i. q. weorpan. Wurtruma. See Wyrtru- ma. WurSful, worthy, venerable, honourable. f/wurpi (geweorj)ian), to honour, revere, value. WurSian, weorSian, to wor- ship, honour, revere. WurBlic, worthy ; wurSlice, worthily. t/\vur]>en (geweorSan), to be, become, befall. Let me al iwurpen, let all de- volve on me. WurSmynt. See WeorS- mynt. Wuroseipe, wo? ship, dignity ', pomp. Wutum, for uton. Wydewa, tvidower ; also corruptly for wydewe, widow. Wydewe. See Wuduwe. Crewyldan. See Wealdan. Wylla. See Willa. Wyllan, pret. wolde, to will. Lat. velle. Gr. 217- Wyllan, pret. weoll, to well, flow. See Weallan. Wylm, II. 2. heat, fervour. Wylsumnes, devotion. Wylte (Wilzen), a people who settled in Germany in the sixth or seventh cen- tury. They occupied a part of Pomerania, the eastern part of Mecklen- burg, and the Mark of Brandenburg. The river Havel ivas the boundary between them and the So- rabi. Wyn, II. 3. joy, pleasure, delight. Ger. Wonne. Wynsum, winsome, agree- able, pleasant, sweet. Wynsumnys, winsomeness, pleasan tn ess, s weetness. Wyrcan, 1 pret. worhte, GVwyrcan, J to work, make, produce, do, construct, dare operam. Wyrd, II. 3. fate; from weorSan. Gewyrht, III. I. deed, de- 298 GLOSSARY. serf; buton gewyrhtum, undeservedly. Wyrhta, wright, artificer, workman, Wyrian, wyrgan, wyrigan, to curse. Wyrm, II. 2. worm, serpent. Wyrms, II. 2. putrefaction, corruption, pus Wyrm-sele, II. 2. hall of serpents. Wyrnan, to warn, deny, re- fuse, parry, guard. Wyrpan, weorpan. See Weorpan. ^xt ' \ worse. Gr. p. 51. W yrse, / ' Wyrst, worst, sup. of yfel. Gr. 51. Wyrt, II. 3. tcort, herb, plant. Dan. Urt. Wyrt-gemanc, III.l. mixture of herbs, perfume. Gr. 94. Wyrtruma, root. Wyroe, i. q. weorSe. Gewyslice. See Gewislice. WyxS. See Weaxan. Y. Yean, pret. yhte, to eke, in- crease. Yd el, idle, vain, useless ; on idel, vainly, frustra. Yfel, III. 1. evil. Yfel, adj. evil. Yfele, evilly, badly. Yfel-haebbende, afflicted. Gr. 1 1 8. Yfelnes, evil. Yfemest, uppermost, highest. Gr. 51. Yl. See Igl. Ylc, same. Yld, i. q. ylclo. Yldest, eldest, sup. of eald. Gr. 51. Ylding, II. 3. delay. Yldo, yldu, III. 3. age. Gr. 103. Yip, II. 2. elephant. Ylpen-baenen, of ivory, eburneus. YIpes-ban, II. 1. ivory. Ger. Elfenbein. Ymb, 1 about, after, accord- Ymbe. / ing to. Ymbe-spraec, II. 3. a speak- ing about. Ymbgang, II. 2. circuit. Ymbhwyrft, II. 2. circum- ference, compass, orbit, ro- tation, world; on ymb- hwyrfte, around. Ymbryne, II. 2. circuit, course, ember (week). Ymbseihan, 1 to shine about Ymbscynan, J or around. See Scfnan. Ymbscrydan, to clothe about, envelope. Ymbsittan, to sit round. Ymbsprecan, to speak about. See Sprecan. Ymbtrymian, to surround, fortify. Ymbutan, about, circiter. Tli is word is frequently divided per tmesin, as, ymb hancred utan. Ync, II. 2. inch. GLOSSARY. 299 Yppan, to disclose. Yrfe, III. 1. inheritance. Ger. Elbe. Yrfennma, heir. Yrnirj, III. 3. misery, dis- tress. Yrnan, pret. arn, pi. union, to run. Gr. 24-2. Yrre, II. 2. ire, anger. Yrre, angry. (7eyrsian, to be angry. YrS, II. 3. produce, seges. YrSling, II. 2. husbandman, ploughman. Ys. See Wesan. Ysen, II. 1. iron. Ysle, ash, f'avilla. Ytemest, superl. of ut, last, utter m ost, idm ost. G r . 5 1 . Ytst. See Etan. Yttra, outer, comp. of ut. Yttren, of otter s skin. YS, II. 3. icave, flood. P. pa, when, then, as ; ]>a8a, when, as; fa-gyt, ]m gena, yet. Ger. da. paec, II. 1. thatch, covering. paen (|>eng). See pegen. pffine, for ]>one, ace., the, that. Gr. 147. paenne, i. q. ]>onne. paer, there, where. paere, fem., the, that. Gr. 146. paerinne, therein. paermid, therewith. p32ron, therein, thereon. pae r r i h te ,sti a igh t ways, forth- with , in sta n tly, just. pa?rto, thereto, thereof, be- sides ; )>aerto-eacan, there- to, besides. paer-uf'>ii-on, thereupon, thereover. paes, for this, therefore, after; ]>aes for, therefore, on that account; to ]>aes, to that degree, so, adeo ; ]>aes )>e, because that, eo quod, propferea quod. paeslic, apt, equal. peet, neut., the, that. Ger. das. Gr. 14-6. paet, that, ut, so that. Ger. da£. paette, for ]?ast ]>e. Gr. 14-9. piitian, 1 to consent, ap- 6re]nirian, J prove, allow. page, i. q. ]>a. tpaht (J)oht), thought; from pencan. tpan (])onne), than. pane, II. 2. thank. Ge]>anc, II. 2. thought, mind, thanks. panees, gratis, gratia; Driht- nes Ranees, Dei gratia vel causa. pancian, \ to thank; with GeJ»ancian, / dat. of pers. and gen. of thing. pancol-mod, grateful-mind- ed. pancung, thanking, gratia- ruin actio. G^Jmng, gejnvang, II. c 2. thong, sinew. 300 GLOSSARY. panon, 1 )anonne, / thence. reon. par, i. q. J>aer. V. ' \ therein, then Paron, J pe, E. Angl. for se. Gr. p. 51. Also, thee. pe, ivho, which, that. Gr. 154. pe, or. See HwaeJ>er . . . ]>e. pe, as, in proportion as. pe . . . ]>e, in interrogative sentences, is used like the Latin an : see p. 10, v„ 30. pe, }>y, used before compa- ratives, like the Engl. the. tpeeewes (]?eawas), manners. peah. See peon. peah, though, yet, still, how- ever. peah-hvvEe)>ere, yet, never- theless. Ge]>ea\it, III. 1. council, counsel; from ge])en can. Gtyeahta, counsellor, ad- viser. Gtyeahtynd, -tend, II. 2. counsellor, adviser. Gr. 118. pearf, II. 3.?ieed; to J^earfe, in need. pearfa, poor, needy. pearfan, pret. ]>orfte, to need, may. Gr. 218. Ger. diirfen. pearfleas, needless ; pearf- lease, needlessly. pearle, very, exceedingly, very much, too much. pearl mod, bold, strenuous. peaw, II. 2. theio, custom, rite, in pi. morals, man- ners. peawlice, decently, manner- ly, obediently. tped (j)eod), people. pegen, II. 2. thane, servecnt, minister. pegenlice, thanelike, in a manner becoming a faith- ful follower. tpe^, they. tpe^m (pam), them. tpe^re, their. pegon. See picgan. peh. See }>eah. tpe-3et (l»a-gyt), yet, still. pe-laes, lest ; ]>e lais ]>e, lest that. pen. 1 o M L > oee Deeen. peng. J r & pencan, 1 pret. }>ohte, to Gepenc&n, J think, devise. Gr. 214. penden, while. tpene (j)onne), than. penian, to serve, minister. penne, i. q. )>onne. <2e])ensum, serviceable, offi- cious. penung, service (divine), repast, ccena. peo, E. Angl. for seo. tpeo, ]>o (]>a), then. peod, II. 3. people, nation; J>eoda folc, nation. Gepeod, II. 1. language, tongue, country. Crefeodan, to join, associate, enjoin. peoden, II. 2. lord, chief, king ; formed from )>eod, GLOSSARY. 301 people, analogously with drihten, from. tlriht. Goth. piudans. peod-gunia, man of the coun- try, man. Gepeodnes, association, de- sire. peodscipe, people, nation, discipline. peof, II. 2. thief. peon, 1 3pyh<5, pret. peah, Ge]>e6n, J pi. J'ugon, to thrive, groiv, flourish. Gr. 250. peonan, for panon. peos, she, this, fern. Gr. 146. peostru, i. q. pystru. peotan, 3 pyt, pret. peat, pi. puton, to hotel. Gr. 250. peow, II. 2. 1 , £ t r, r servant. Peowa, 1. 2. J peowdom, service, worship. peowe, I. 3. ^[female ser- peowen, II. 3. J vant, an- cilla. peowian, to serve. peowracu, III. 3 ? threat. per-inne. See paerinne. pes, masc, this. Gr. 146. peues (peawas), maimers. pic, thick. picgan, pret. pah, pi. pegon, to take, partake, eat. GepihS. See peon. pi-ltes, lest. pin, thy, thine. Gr. 137- pincan, "1 pret. puhte, to Gepincan, J seem. Gepinco", II. 3. honour, dig- nity, merit, excellence. pinen, II. 3. female servant, ancilla. ping, II. 1. thing ; for his pingum, on his account. pingian, to pray, intercede. pingraeden, II. 3. inter -cession. piod, i. q. ]>eod. piostro, for pystru. pire, for j>ihre and pfnra. tpirngen(])ringan),to^rreade, to vex, torment, punish, blame, reproach, reprove. preat, II. 2. company, band. pred, thread. preo, three. preottyne, thirteen. pre-re]?re, trireme. pri. See preo. pridda, third. pringan, pret. prang, pi. prungon, to throng, press, crowd. prinnys. See prynnys. prio, preo, three. priste, daring, bold. Ger. dreist, Olg. thrist. Gtyristian, to dare. prittig, thirty. priwa, thrice. Gr. 185. proc, III. 1. table. prote, I. 3. throat. prowian, to suffer. prowung, suffering, passion. pry. See preo. pryccan, to tread on, op- press. pryfeald, threefold, triple. prym, II. 2. glory, magnifi- cence, grandeur. Also, body (of men), turma, heap, congeries. prymme, i. q. J>rymmum, fortiter ? See Kerablc, Gl. to Beow. v. prym. prymf'ul, glorious. prymlic, grand, magnificent. prym-setl, III. 1. seat of ma- jesty, throne. Prynes, 1 j^ prynnys, J * pryste, daring, bold. pry-wintre, three years old- pute, II. 2. standard, tufa. GVjuige, from ge]>eon. puhte. See pincan. /fmncgen, for ge)mngen. ■fpuncheS (jnncS), seems. G'ejmngen, ripe, advanced, profectus. Also, illus- trious, venerable, tiprig/it, religious. From ]>ingan. purh, through, by. Ger. durch. purhbrucan, to enjoy, per- frui. See Brucan. purhdon, to pierce, penetrate; )mrhdyd, penetrated. See Don. purhfaran, to pass through, pierce. See Faran. t purhlokenn, to look through. fpurhsekenn, to seek through. purhwadan, pret. -wod, to pass through, penetrate. purhwunian, to continue, persist, permaneo. This, like many other A.S. com- pounds, is a literal trans- lation of the Latin word. purstig, thirsty. tpurSout, throughout. pus, thus. pusend, II. 1. III. \. thousand. Gr. 177. Ger. Tausend, Dan. Tusind. Gr. 177. pusend-hfw, assuming a GLOSSARY. 303 thousand shapes, millefor- mis. pusend-m&lum, by thou- sands. puton. See peotan. G r e])wferian, to agree. pwaerlaecan, pret. laehte, to consent. G*?]nv£emes, concord, consent. pvvang, II. 2. thong. tpwerrt, thwart. Also, en- tirely, quite; as, Jwerrt ut, quite out. Dan. tvert, used in the same sense. pwyrnys, cross, affliction, perversity. Py. See ]>e. Py, for, because, therefore, nam. Dan. thi. py-ltes. See pe-laes. Pyder, thither. Pyfel, II. 2. shrub, thorn. Gepyhte, for gef>yhti (ge- ])yhtig), doughty ? pylc, contr. of |»yllic. Ge\iy\d, II. 3. III. 1 .patience. Ger. Geduld. Ge]iy\d\g, patient. Ger. Ge- duldig. Pyllic, the like, such. Pyrfan. See pearfan. pyrfen. See pearfan. Pyringas, the Thuringians. pyrl, III. [.hole. pyrsccl-flor, II. 3. thresh- ing floor ; from {jyrscel, threshold. pyrstan, to thirst. pys, this. pyslic, such. pyster, }>ystre, dark. pystru, }>ystro, plur. III. 1. darkness. Gr. 92. pywan, to drive, urge. THE END. 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