F 
 
 78fe 
 S74-6 
 
 SOUTHERN PACIFIC CO. 
 
 WAYSIDE NOTES 
 
 IANCROFT 
 LIBRARY 
 
BANCROFT 
 LIBRARY 
 
 THE LIBRARY 
 
 OF 
 
 THE UNIVERSITY 
 OF CALIFORNIA 
 
^ 
 
 Wayside Notes AI ^ Sunset Route 
 
 EAST BOUND 
 
 
 
 ",4k 
 
 PUBLISHED BY THE 
 
 SOUTHERN PACIFIC 
 
 SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA 
 
 1914 
 
 Part the First 
 
 SAN FRANCISCO NEW ORLEANS, 2,478 MILES. POPULATION, 450,000. 
 
 The Sunset Route swings away from the metropolis of the Pacific Coast down the San Mateo peninsula. Upon 
 the head of this peninsula stands San Francisco, the sea at its back and the great bay on its front. The bay lies 
 like a seagull, great wings stretching north and south for fifty miles, and the neck, reaching out to the ocean, 
 forming the Golden Gate. 
 
 The site is picturesque and strategic, lending itself well to coast defense, equally well to the demands of com- 
 merce, and as generously to urban development. Here is safe anchorage for the world's navies ; here ample space 
 for wharves ; here miles of deep water for manufactories ; here the natural gravitation of trade from all central 
 and northern California. All interests that lie at the foundation of municipal greatness are within easy reach of 
 the builders of the city. 
 
 A BIT OF HISTORY 
 
 In 1835 the prosperous city we are leaving was a little Spanish presidio, a mission settlement three miles 
 out among the sand-hills, with a handful of Yankee traders on the rim of the bay. In 1846 only twenty or thirty 
 houses lined the beach, and an arm of the bay stretched up a little valley to where the Palace Hotel now 
 stands. 
 
 After the discovery of gold the little hamlet blossomed almost in a day into a raw, crude, chaotic city, 
 with the most cosmopolitan population the world ever saw, living in ragged tents and old packing-boxes. This 
 was in 1849. Today, only sixty-five years later, a great city is building on this western rim of the continent, 
 and is looking out into the future with great expectations. The conviction that a vast commerce will center 
 here has proven itself in the upbuilding of a magnificently modern city, rising above a mighty harbor, a city of 
 broad municipal achievement, of constant uplift and improvement, caring for the urge of present enterprise and 
 looking forward to the care of future development. 
 
 It is a cosmopolitan city still, and you may see here representative colonies from half the world, and the 
 customs and costumes of many nations. 
 
 Its commercial position is commanding, and its setting of bay and hills is picturesque. The summer climate 
 is quite unique, making this almost the only cool summer city on the planet. The summers are as refreshing 
 as a cold bath, and there are no dog-days in the calendar. Every activity of urban life theaters, shops, 
 cafes runs at full tide all the year. The average temperature is fifty-six degrees, and winter never shows 
 more than a touch of frost. 
 
 San Francisco is charged with being lighthearted. The sunshine, the breeze upon the hills, the bracing 
 ocean air, the equable temper of the seasons, the fruits and flowers all the year, induce happiness. 
 
 Save on rainy days the beach is always inviting, the bay is always smiling; and there are crowds on the 
 ferries, or riding, driving, loitering in Golden Gate Park a: all seasons, and the vast playground looks as green 
 and attractive in January as in July. 
 
 It is a hotel city, and its hostelries are greater in number and more luxurious than ever in the past. Great 
 apartment houses are a feature of the city life. The bay makes one of the greatest and safest harbors in the 
 world, and the entrance is wide and easily navigated. At sunset it is a gate of gold, and we can understand 
 why Fremont named that road of passage and union between two hemispheres the Golden Gate. 
 
 This is the Panama-Pacific Exposition City of 1915, and is fittingly chosen for its location and its climate. 
 The event is one of more than national importance, the whole world of commerce being interested in cutting 
 through the Isthmus and joining two oceans. This interest will be shown at the Exposition, the eyes of all 
 civilized countries being already turned toward San Francisco on account of the great World's Fair. 
 
 lighted 1914, Southern Pacific Company 
 
*' ^e ^ 
 
 ftfii t< - 
 
 The outgoing train on the Sunset Route takes the double-tracked Bay Shore Cut-off 
 down the peninsula. Here are the great, clean, airy tunnels that make a water-level 
 track possible ; there on one side is South San Francisco, and in the distance are pack- 
 ing-houses, steel mills, terra-cotta and glazing works. San Bruno is next, a region of 
 dairies and vegetable gardens and a growing business life that indicates the gravitation 
 countryward. At Millbrae we are fairly in the country. Here are notable estates and 
 fine residences hidden among the trees. 
 
 BURLINGAME NEW ORLEANS, 2,458 MILES. POPULATION, 5,000. 
 
 Originally planned for people with comfortable incomes and ideas of comfort. 
 Acreage and suburban lots are now in demand, and Burlingame is being crowded a little 
 by the pressure outward from the big city. 
 
 SAN MATEO NEW ORLEANS, 2,456 MILES. POPULATION, 5,000. 
 
 The metropolis of the county of the same name. Located here are St. Matthew's 
 Military School and St. Margaret's School for girls. Near by, on the hills, Crystal 
 Springs and a great reservoir for supplying water for San Francisco are features of the 
 environment of a growing and attractive town. Belmont and San Carlos are residence 
 towns ideal for situation. Fine homes are in all the region. Peninsula Hotel in 
 grounds of an old estate. 
 
 REDWOOD CITY NEW ORLEANS, 2,449 MILES. POPULATION, 4,299. 
 
 A growing center and the county-seat of San Mateo County. A great trestle and 
 bridge here span the lower arm of the bay, and interior and overland trains for San 
 Francisco go directly into the city without ferrying. Is both a manufacturing and 
 residence town. 
 
 MENLO PARK NEW ORLEANS, 2,445 MILES. POPULATION, 1,200. 
 
 A natural park made a paradise of beauty and luxury in the days of the "Bonanza 
 Kings," when Virginia City mines were pouring out riches. 
 
 PALO ALTO NEW ORLEANS, 2,444 MILES. POPULATION, 4,486. 
 
 The Leland Stanford Junior University is located here, with splendid buildings, a 
 campus of 7,000 acres, and an endowment of over $30,000,000. The great school is co- 
 educational, but limits the number of women who may be admitted to 500. Students 
 come from all states and many from abroad. Mayfield, a mile away, is a point of 
 departure for a double-track line to Santa Cruz via Los Altos and Los Gatos. 
 
 Mountain View is a fine suburban town, with good homes in the midst of orchards ; 
 Sunnyvale, in a park of native oaks, is a newly created manufacturing town. Santa 
 Clara, almost in touch with San Jose, being but three miles distant, has a population of 
 nearly 5,000, and is the seat of Santa Clara College. 
 
 SAN JOSE NEW ORLEANS, 2,427 MILES. POPULATION, 29,000. 
 
 The queen city of this semitropical and wealthy valley. It is an orchard center ; 
 a manufacturing city, turning out agricultural implements, fire-brick, terra-cotta, etc. 
 It is also a handsome residence city and an urban paradise of flowers and trees. San 
 Jose has a 600-acre park with sixteen hot springs, a climate that is at its California 
 best, excellent hotels and public buildings, and a wide and beautiful countryside marked 
 by fine homes and reached by good roads. 
 
 The Lick Observatory is on the summit of Mount Hamilton, twenty-six miles 
 distant, over a fine mountain road. The great thirty-six-inch reflector is accessible to 
 the visitor on Saturday nights. 
 
 San Jose is reached also by a line down the eastern shore of the bay. 
 
 The fine Santa Clara Valley spreads around us as we go on our way. Here is 
 Edenvale in a delectable orchard country. 
 
 Coyote, farther on, produces almost everything but coyotes. 
 
 Madrone is a station from which several resorts are reached mineral springs, club 
 houses, etc. 
 
 MORGANHILL NEW ORLEANS, 2,407 MILES. 
 
 A fruit-growing, prosperous town, beautifully situated. 
 
 GILROY NEW ORLEANS, 2,398 MILES. POPULATION, 2,200. 
 
 An old town, whose first settlers date back to 1845. People are said to die here only 
 as a matter of variety. The Gilroy Hot Springs are thirteen miles eastward in the 
 Coast Range. 
 
 The Wholesale District, San Francisco, looking to the bay. 
 
 San Francisco, looking westward from the Ferry tower. 
 
 Fisherman's Wharf, a transported bit of the Mediterranean. 
 
 Union Square and Dewey Monument, in the heart of the city. 
 
 The "Quad," Leland Stanford Junior University. 
 
 Prunes drying in the sunny Santa Clara Valley. 
 
 Where they look for Martians the Mount Hamilton Observatory. 
 
Carnadero has a branch line into San Benito County, to which we will come back. 
 Seed-farms, sugar-beets, and a curious soap lake of nearly forty acres, once much larger, 
 are in the vicinity. 
 
 Aromas is a fruit- and berry-growing center, as is also Vegas near by. 
 
 WATSONVILLE JUNCTION NEW ORLEANS, 2,378 MILES. POPULATION, 500. 
 
 To this point we will return to visit Santa Cruz. The valley here is rich in fruit, 
 one of the remarkable valleys of the Coast, something in the soil or the climate, or 
 both, making here a perfect Bellflower and Newtown pippin, and many thousand acres 
 are devoted to apples. The strawberries of the district are famous. Watsonville, two 
 miles distant, is the commercial center of the valley. 
 
 DEL MONTE JUNCTION NEW ORLEANS, 2,368 MILES. POPULATION, 1,200. 
 
 The junction point for Del Monte, Monterey, and Pacific Grove. A large shipping 
 point for farm produce. It is the notable experience of a lifetime to make this trip 
 to Monterey. 
 
 DEL MONTE SAN FRANCISCO, 125 MILES. ALTITUDE, 25. 
 
 Near the shore of the beautiful bay of Monterey, Del Monte has a delightful climate 
 the year round. The charming hotel stands among live-oaks, pines and cypress, and 
 the excellently kept gardens and grounds of 125 acres recall a fine old English country 
 park. Splendid golf links, polo grounds, tennis courts and swimming tank are among 
 its attractions, and the famous Seventeen-Mile Drive is unmatched for beauty and 
 variety. 
 
 MONTEREY SAN FRANCISCO, 126 MILES. ALTITUDE, 10. POPULATION, 3,000. 
 
 Within a circle of six miles about Monterey are more objects of sacred, historic, 
 romantic, and scenic interest than can be found within any other similar area in Cali- 
 fornia, all happily included in the famous Seventeen-Mile Drive from Hotel Del Monte. 
 Carmel Mission is near the bank of the Carmel River. Here it abides in lonely dignity 
 in a field behind the fashionable seaside town of Carmel-by-the-Sea. The ancient 
 church in Monterey is not the San Carlos Mission, but a parish church. Monterey 
 has a good harbor, and will have a railroad into the San Joaquin, and to seaside attrac- 
 tions will add commercial life. 
 
 PACIFIC GROVE SAN FRANCISCO, 129 MILES. ALTITUDE, 47. POPULATION, 3.000. 
 
 Pacific Grove, in its popularity as a seaside resort, has grown apace until the 
 measure of a city has been reached. Each successive season increasing thousands flock 
 to enjoy its air and scenery. 
 
 Leland Stanford Junior University, through the public spirit of Mr. Timothy 
 Hopkins, has its marine laboratory in touch with the prolific waters adjacent to Pacific 
 Grove. Glass-bottom boats here reveal the wonders of the deep. 
 
 CARMEL-BY-THE-SEA. 
 
 Here, sheltered by lovely Carmel Hills, is also Carmel-by-the-Sea, with its 
 magnificent beach a mile in length, fringed- by a dense growth of pines, and an excellent 
 hotel, a favorite resort for artists and other Nature lovers. A quiet, refined place, 
 and an ideal summer resort. 
 
 Returning now to Mayfield, near Palo Alto, on the main line, let us trace the line 
 via Santa Cruz. 
 
 Los Altos is a new town, beautifully situated, with neither frost nor fog. Electric 
 railways connect with San Jose and Los Gatos and northward to Stanford University, 
 while a double-track steam-line connects with San Francisco and Santa Cruz. 
 
 LOS GATOS SAN FRANCISCO, 54 MILES. POPULATION, 3,500. 
 
 A picturesque town in the foothills of the Santa Cruz Mountains, with a charming 
 environment and a delightful climate. 
 
 Campbell is between Los Gatos and San Jose, and from it a line runs to New 
 Almaden, rich quicksilver mines, long worked. 
 
 Los Gatos and San Jose are connected by an interurban electric railway which 
 reaches Saratoga and Pacific Congress Springs. 
 
 Glenwood, Laurel, and Wright are among trees, ferns, and flowers in the Santa 
 Cruz Mountains, and are resorts to which many make annual pilgrimage. 
 
 FELTON SAN FRANCISCO, 73 MILES. 
 
 The road divides here, the northern branch, seven miles long, reaching to Boulder 
 Creek. This is the gateway to Big Basin, or the redwood park owned by the State. 
 
 Boulder Creek, Brookdale, Ben Lomond, and Rowardennan are resorts in a 
 romantic region. 
 
 3 A corner of the famous Hotel Del Monte. 
 
 A memory of Spanish days the old Monterey Custom-House. 
 
 The Mission of the Carmel River, founded 1771. 
 
 Beneath the pine-trees of Pacific Grove. 
 
 Cedars of Lebanon, on the Seventeen-Mile Drive from Del Monte. 
 The crescent Bay of Monterey, from the Drive. 
 
 

 
 Sx-r 
 
 *iMUMW^ 'i tm'^ 
 
 BIG TREES SAN FRANCISCO, 74 MILES. 
 
 This is a group of giant redwoods worth stopping to see. Fremont was sheltered 
 in the hollow base of one of these trees before the world went wild about California 
 gold. 
 
 SANTA CRUZ SAN FRANCISCO, 79 MILES. POPULATION, 11,000. 
 
 The Atlantic City of the Coast, with bathing, fishing, driving, the Casino, the 
 pleasure-pier, and water-front amusements. It is a delightful place for recreation and 
 rest, and has a climate so mild in winter as to invite to permanent residence. There 
 are good hotels, among them the Casa del Rey, fine suburban drives, an endless profu- 
 sion of flowers, and the scenery of ocean and mountains. 
 
 Twin Lakes, Capitola, and Aptos are seaside resorts with their own attractions. 
 They lie along the beach of the Bay of Monterey, at the northern end of which Santa 
 Cruz is located. The beautiful bay is noted for its salmon fishing and for its great 
 variety of other fish. 
 
 WATSONVILLE SAN FRANCISCO, 102 MILES. POPULATION, 5,000. 
 
 Back to the handsome little city in the Pajaro Valley, a place alive with business. 
 It is the metropolis of the rich valley, and exports about five thousand cars of apples 
 every season. The country produces much small fruit, sugar-beets, beans, onions, and 
 other vegetables. 
 
 Crossing now to the main line, we go up to Gilroy and thence down the branch via 
 Carnadero to Hollister and Tres Pinos, valley towns in San Benito County. Tres 
 Pinos is the terminus of the line. Eighteen miles from Carnadero, and in the rolling 
 hills at the head of the valley, is a great stock-ranch. 
 
 Hollister is a growing town of 4,390 people, situated in a rich and beautiful valley. 
 
 San Juan is reached from here ; a historic town in its own valley, secluded and 
 serene. The old mission of San Juan Bautista is here, well preserved and in use, 
 though founded in 1797. 
 
 Returning now to Del Monte Junction we resume the transcontinental trip. 
 
 SALINAS NEW ORLEANS, 2,360 MILES. POPULATION, 5,000. 
 
 This county-seat of Monterey County has a place in a rich and extensive valley. 
 The mountains on either side are Gabilan and Santa Lucia, belonging to the Coast 
 Range. The Santa Lucia is wooded, and lies on the ocean side. The valley was early 
 occupied by big ranches, but irrigation is coming in and farms will multiply. 
 
 Salinas has good schools and public buildings, and a great sugar factory near by 
 uses sugar-beets grown in the rich soil. 
 
 SOLEDAD NEW ORLEANS, 2,334 MILES. 
 
 A small town, with the ruins of Mission Nuestra Senora de la Soledad near by. 
 Vancouver's Pinnacles, now a national park, and the Paraiso Hot Springs are reached 
 from here ; also from Salinas. 
 
 KING CITY^NEW ORLEANS, 2,314 MILES. 
 
 A growing town in the Salinas Valley. On the Arroyo Seco, an affluent of the 
 Salinas River, are the mighty ruins of Mission San Antonio de Padua, founded 1771. 
 King City is in a fertile valley. 
 
 SAN MIGUEL NEW ORLEANS, 2,271 MILES. 
 
 In the upper Salinas Valley; an old mission, stands close beside the track. Its 
 date is 1797. An adobe wall four miles long and fifteen feet high inclosed the mission. 
 
 PASO ROBLES NEW ORLEANS, 2,262 MILES. POPULATION, 1,600. 
 
 On the banks of the Salinas, and among groves of oak ; chiefly noted for its 
 valuable hot springs and the great bath-house connected with the hotel. This is a 
 /twr/taw^ of the best type, fitted up luxuriously, and with apparatus for applying water 
 remedially. There is said to be no single establishment on the continent of Europe 
 so completely furnished as this. 
 
 Templeton, in the midst of wheat-fields ; Atascadero, a new townsite, and Santa 
 Margarita, the trading center of a great stock-ranch : then we cross a spur of the 
 Santa Lucia Range and down into a fine valley by a wonderful horseshoe curve. 
 
 SAN LUIS OBISPO NEW ORLEANS, 2,226 MILES. POPULATION, 5,157. 
 
 A prosperous county town, with a fine setting and a varied agriculture. The 
 tributary country extends to the ocean, and includes dairy products, grain, fruits, nuts, 
 and vegetables of all kinds. Asphalt is found in paying quantities. A State polytechnic 
 school is here, and a good little harbor is seven miles distant at Point San Luis. 
 
 Under the sycamore-tree near Los Gatos. 4 
 
 Big Trees of Santa Cruz alive when Moses was in Egypt. 
 
 The Casino and ever lively beach at Santa Cruz. 
 
 At Pajaro, a Bellefleur apple center. 
 
 Salinas, the county-seat of Monterey. 
 
 The hotel and Kurhaus at Paso Robles Hot Springs. 
 
Pipe lines run from several great oil centers, and vast quantities of oil are shipped 
 from this port. 
 
 Valuable sulphur springs are near the little city. 
 
 In the heart of San Luis is an old mission, San Luis Obispo de Tolosa, 1772, con- 
 secrated by Junipero Serra. 
 
 Oceano, fourteen miles beyond, is a station in the rich Arroyo Grande Valley. 
 The valley has noted flower-seed farms. 
 
 PIZMO BEACH. 
 
 Seventeen miles of wide, firm sea-sand, packed for automobiles smooth, hard, and 
 dustless and a comfortable hotel, cottages, and tents mark a resort on this central 
 coast. 
 
 Guadalupe, a shipping point for the Santa Maria Valley, a beet-sugar factory in 
 the distance, and Tangair, where the little Santa Ynez River finds the ocean, brings us 
 to Surf, rock-bound, where the waves break into spray. A branch line from here leads 
 back ten miles to Lompoc (population, 1,800), a colony town in a fertile valley of 
 15,000 acres. It is prosperous, and grows, among other things, mustard-seed and 
 apples. 
 
 The ruins of La Purisima Concepcion are near here. 
 
 SANTA BARBARA NEW ORLEANS, 2,107 MILES. POPULATION, 11,659. 
 
 This most attractive city, with its sheltering mountains at its back, the wide expanse 
 of blue ocean in front, and the chain of rocky islands that acts as a breakwater, is 
 known at home, abroad, and half around the world for its superb climate. There is 
 probably no spot on any coast quite so ideal. The fine homes of people who winter 
 here from many states and from England attest the climatic charm. 
 
 The Franciscan Fathers recognized it, and founded one of their missions here in 
 December, 1786. It is well preserved, in daily use, and has a stream of visitors from 
 everywhere. 
 
 Summerland, which started to be a resort and became an oil center, and Carpinteria, 
 with its wonderful grapevine, old as the mission and larger than the more ancient 
 vine at Hampton Court in England, are on our way as the train skirts the sea. 
 
 VENTURA NEW ORLEANS, 2,089 MILES. POPULATION, 5,000. 
 
 This is another mission town thirty miles south from Santa Barbara. This mission 
 was the last work of Junipero Serra, in 1782. 
 
 Ventura is in the bean country, but walnuts are a great feature. Home of the 
 beautiful Pierpont Inn. 
 
 NORDHOFF, Ojai Valley. 
 
 A school town in the hills, and a resort valley that is beautiful, restful, healthful, 
 and climatically unexcelled. Nordhoff is reached by a fifteen-mile railway from 
 Ventura. Several hot springs are accessible via Nordhoff. 
 
 MONTALVO NEW ORLEANS, 2,084 MILES. 
 
 The Sunset Route diverges here and crosses the little Santa Clara Valley, while 
 the old lines go up it. 
 
 OXNARD NEW ORLEANS, 2,068 MILES. POPULATION, 4.000. 
 
 A young and growing town, erected by sugar. The beets grow in the fat valley, 
 and the mill produces about 1,500 carloads of sugar yearly. Its capacity is 3,000 tons 
 of beets daily. Beans, walnuts, and grain are also produced. 
 
 The Santa Snsana Tunnel, one and one-half miles long, forms a gateway that 
 shortens the line six miles, reduces the grade, and lets us into the San Fernando Valley. 
 
 BURBANK NEW ORLEANS, 2,016 MILES. 
 
 The center of a rich farming country on the edge of Los Angeles and the junction 
 point of the new and the old lines. 
 
 Going back to Montalvo, let us run rapidly over the old route. 
 
 SATICOY, in midst of walnut groves, with fine "springs. 
 
 SANTA PAULA NEW ORLEANS, 2,072 MILES. ALTITUDE, 286. POPULATION, 1,450. 
 
 A well-built, enterprising, and thrifty town, with large interests in lemons (the 
 principal industry), oranges, apricots, and other fruits, in walnuts, Lima beans, and 
 petroleum. 
 
 FILLAIORE, a prosperous town ; having oil wells. 
 
 5 In the "Forbidden Garden," Santa Barbara Mission. 
 
 The Hotel Potter, on the Ocean Boulevard, Santa Barbara. 
 
 Mission San Buena Ventura, founded 1782. 
 
 The beautiful Arlington Hotel, Santa Barbara. 
 
 A mammoth sugar-squeezer, the beet mill at Oxnard. 
 
 The State Polytechnic School at San Luis Obispo. 
 
 

 PIRU XEW ORLEANS, 2,055 MILES. ALTITUDE, 681. 
 
 Piru, watered by a stream of the same name, gives generous returns each season 
 in fruits and nuts. 
 
 CAMULOS NEW ORLEANS, 2,053 MILES. 
 
 This cluster of houses, embowered by oranges and olives, in the romance of Helen 
 Hunt Jackson, under the name of "Moreno Ranch," was the home of "Ramona." 
 
 The general mountain range northward, and separating it from the Mojave, is San 
 Rafael; at the south Sierra San Fernando. 
 
 SAUGUS NEW ORLEANS, 2,038 MILES. ALTITUDE, 1,159. 
 
 At Saugus is the junction point of the line south, coming from San Francisco, 
 through San Joaquin Valley. 
 
 NEWHALL NEW ORLEANS, 2,036 MILES. ALTITUDE, 1,265. 
 
 Contiguous to Newhall, on elevated ground at the east, are petroleum wells that 
 have been producers for many years. 
 
 FERNANDO NEW ORLEANS, 2,026 MILES. ALTITUDE, 1,066. POPULATION, 1,100. 
 
 Fernando marks the site of Mission San Fernando Rey de Espana, founded 
 September 8, 1797. The mountain range at the south is Sierra de Santa Monica, with 
 Santa Susana in the west, northerly the San Fernando Range, and San Gabriel at 
 the east. 
 
 Passing Burbank, the junction point, and the pigeon farm with its 100,000 birds, 
 we are at River Station and then at the Arcade Depot. 
 
 LOS ANGELESNEW ORLEANS, 2,003 MILES. POPULATION, 400,000. 
 
 This southern city is the wonder and admiration of every visitor. Its growth began 
 with the advent of the Southern Pacific in 1876. In 1880 there were 11,093 people 
 here: in 1890, 50,395; in 1900, 102,479. Today the population is well up to the 400,000 
 mark, with no sign of abatement of its marvelous expansion. It reaches well down 
 from the mountains toward the sea. A city solid and substantial as it is beautiful 
 and luxurious. The stability of its growth is evident at a glance. Needing a port, the 
 city annexed San Pedro, secured the building of a great breakwater and has a good 
 deep water harbor, and several steamship and steam schooner lines serve the growing 
 commerce. Four transcontinental lines of railroad are here, and perhaps the best 
 urban and interurban electric railway the most complete and comprehensive any 
 of us have ever had the chance of seeing. One of the most conspicuous buildings in 
 the city is the terminal station, furnished with all the conveniences of a like station 
 on some great trunk line. 
 
 The city has a great water supply, drawn from the Sierra Nevada 240 miles distant 
 at a cost of $25,000,000. It is now about complete, with water enough for four times 
 its present population. 
 
 There are twenty-two public parks within the city one of 500 acres, and one 
 just outside the city lines of 3,000 acres. The hotels are "many, equal to the demands 
 of the city during great conventions and to the requirements of the tourist season. 
 
 Schools, churches, hospitals, libraries have kept pace with the growth of population, 
 and the residence section is remarkable for the variety and character of its architecture 
 and the charm of spacious grounds filled with flowers and ornamental shrubbery 
 and trees. 
 
 The adjoining country is a great garden of citrus trees, roses in December, unfailing 
 verdure, perpetual summer. And the sea-beach is lined with towns, which offer 
 permanent homes and provide recreation for summer visitors. These are quickly 
 reached by electric or steam lines, and many miles of the radiant sea-coast are 
 attractive as summer resorts. The mountains also have the charm of good hotels amid 
 pine forests. A great observatory is on Mount Lowe. The environs of the big city 
 are everywhere attractive. This will be seen as we go on our way along the beach and 
 through the orange towns eastward. 
 
 SANTA MONICA Los ANGELES, 17 MILES. 
 
 This is the oldest seaside town, located on a bluff of the ocean. A good residence 
 town, with about 8,000 people; hotels and boarding-houses in great variety. 
 
 OCEAN PARK is a handsome little seaside city with considerable residential 
 population just below Santa Monica. VENICE comes next, with lagoons, canals, 
 arcades, a ship hotel, music pavilion, etc. Is a recreation center, but is becoming a 
 complete city. PLAY A DEL REY and REDONDO are also attractive resorts. 
 
 Fourth and Main streets, Los Angeles. 6 
 
 The ballroom by the sea at Ocean Park. 
 
 Westlake, one of Los Angeles' many beautiful parks. 
 
 The lagoon at Venice, a characteristic copy of the Italian city. 
 
 The wide, firm beach at Ocean Park. 
 
 San Pedro Harbor, just commencing its utility. 
 
SAN PEDRO Los ANGELES, 22 MILES. POPULATION, 3,500. 
 
 This is now the port of Los Angeles, a strip of territory all the way to the sea 
 including it in city lines. The great granite breakwater was built by the Government. 
 
 AVALON, Santa Catalina Island. 
 
 A delightful stopping place in a rocky fairyland with magnificent drives and placid 
 and translucent waters, where the angler, if anywhere, can prove his skill. This fisher- 
 man's paradise is known over half the world. Two hours by steamer from San Pedro. 
 
 LONG BEACH Los ANGELES, 21 MILES. POPULATION, 17,809. 
 
 A city of business and homes ; quiet and restful, with a fine bathing beach, 
 luxurious hotel for tourists, the Virginia. 
 
 It has a 
 
 SANTA ANA Los ANGELES, 32 MILES. POPULATION, 9,000. 
 
 This is the county-seat of Orange County, and is surrounded by citrus and deciduous 
 orchards, vineyards and walnut groves, and fields of vegetables and grain. 
 
 WHITTIER Los ANGELES, 20 MILES. POPULATION, 4,555. 
 
 A well-governed little city, the seat of a State juvenile reformatory, and surrounded 
 by walnut groves and groves of oranges. 
 
 SAN DIEGO Los ANGELES, 126 MILES. ALTITUDE, 15. POPULATION, 50,000. 
 
 From Los Angeles this growing and attractive city is reached by Santa Fe Coast 
 Line. The wayside attractions, not to name its orange-groves and walnut parks, include 
 the pathetic ruins of Mission San Juan Capistrano, founded November 1, 1776. 
 Fully fifty miles of the route overlook the ocean beach. 
 
 San Diego has perennial attractions, and chief of these, on the romantic side, are 
 the remains of Mission San Diego de Alcala, founded by Father Serra, July 16, 1769, 
 first-born of a mission family of twenty-one. 
 
 The city's architectural achievements are numerous, its street railways admirable, 
 and commercial enterprises of the first order. There are numerous and well-appointed 
 hotels, as the U. S. Grant, and, best known of them the world over, the famed 
 Coronado. The Panama-California Exposition will be at San Diego in 1915. 
 
 PASADENA Los ANGELES, 12 MILES. ALTITUDE, 826. POPULATION, 20,000. 
 
 From Los Angeles six or more trains daily are scheduled for Pasadena, with 
 returning service to correspond. The urban beauty and social atmosphere of this city 
 of refined homes must be seen and breathed to be fully appreciated. 
 
 MOUNT LOWE ALTITUDE, 6,000. 
 
 From station door of the Southern Pacific Company at Pasadena an electric car 
 can be taken to Mount Lowe, distant less than sixty minutes. A cable incline railway 
 gives safe transit to Echo Mountain, 3,500 feet above ocean level. Fifteen hundred feet 
 upward is "Ye Alpine Tavern." 
 
 Resuming our main-line journey from Los Angeles, Shorb, seven miles out, is 
 reached. Here a short branch diverges to Monrovia and Duarte. If you seek a sylvan 
 paradise, you will find it on this seventeen-mile trip. 
 
 SAX GABRIEL NEW ORLEANS, 1,997 MILES. ALTITUDE, 409. POPULATION, 1,500. 
 
 A short distance westerly of the station is the Mission San Gabriel. It was founded 
 September 8, 1771. It was a powerful factor in the settlement of California by the 
 Spaniards, and on more than one occasion came generously to the assistance of the 
 less fortunate. 
 
 Just beyond the long bridge which crosses the usual dry bed of the San Gabriel 
 River, a loop-line swings off to the north, joining the main line again at Pomona. 
 On it is Covina, with a population of 3,000; San Dimas, with orange-groves and 
 nurseries of citrus fruit ; and Lordsburg, with a Dunkard college. 
 
 POMONA NEW ORLEANS, 1,973 MILES. ALTITUDE, 857. POPULATION, 12,500. 
 
 The city abounds in citrus trees, and for miles around are groves of oranges and 
 lemons, with sturdy figs and swaying willowy olives, walnuts, almonds, and deciduous 
 fruits. Schools and churches are features of Pomona life. 
 
 ONTARIO NEW ORLEANS, 1,967 MILES. ALTITUDE, 981. POPULATION, 4,500. 
 
 Much pride is taken in its avenues and drives, shaded by drooping pepper and other, 
 ornamental trees. A center of oranges. 
 
 North of Ontario the mountain range is San Gabriel, and the near-by peaks are 
 buttresses of Mount San Antonio. 
 
 Upland, just north of Ontario, is handsome and prosperous. 
 
 7 The Bay of Avalon, on Catalina's magic shore. 
 
 Mission San Gabriel, founded 1771. 
 
 A home of Pasadena, the ideal home city. 
 
 Long Beach, safe and sandy. 
 
 Snow in California the railway up Mount Lowe. 
 A palm-shaded avenue of well-named Pomona. 
 
 ' ' 
 
 m 
 
5 M 
 
 CHINO ALTITUDE, 513. POPULATION, 1,000. 
 
 Chino is centrally located on a ten-mile loop line, with terminals at Pomona and 
 Ontario. A rich agricultural section with large beet-sugar fields and a factory. 
 
 GUASTI has a great vineyard of several thousand acres, and to the north, about 
 the older settlement of Cucamonga, are extensive orange-groves. 
 
 BLOOMINGTON NEW ORLEANS, 1,953 MILES. 
 
 Oranges, oranges everywhere, yet some of us remember when this was all a sandy 
 waste, seemingly worth very little. 
 
 RIALTO, three miles north, is a growing town in the midst of oranges and vine- 
 yards, with grain growing on the unirrigated lands. 
 
 COLTON NEW ORLEANS, 1,948 MILES. POPULATION, 3,500. 
 
 This is a tangle of railroad tracks crossing at right angles, and all about are orange- 
 groves and packing-houses, besides a great pre-cpoling plant erected by the Southern 
 Pacific. A flour-mill, granite and marble quarries, and a cement-mill are industrial 
 features. 
 
 RIVERSIDE COLTON, 8 MILES. ALTITUDE, 925. POPULATION, 15,212. 
 
 From the main line at Colton is a short ride of eight miles to Riverside. The 
 Southern Pacific station, in the heart of the city, is well worth special mention. The 
 seven-mile Magnolia Avenue is traversed by electric cars, at small cost, to the city 
 point of departure at entrance of new Glenwood Hotel. On this model electric line, 
 in the city suburbs, the general Government has purchased a fine tract of land and 
 created an Indian school. 
 
 The city is an orange-grove ; marvelous avenues have been created, bordered by 
 magnolias, peppers, and palms, accented here and there by homes representing the 
 highest modern cultivation ; and stretching away from the city's center, miles of 
 distance at all points of the compass, stand rank on rank of fruit-bearing trees, 
 orange and lemon groves in the lead, but leading only, for hardly can any earthly fruit 
 be called for without response at Riverside. To these add floral and architectural 
 beauty and the cheerful social atmosphere that burnishes the golden. 
 
 SAN BERNARDINO COLTON, 3 MILES. ALTITUDE, 975. POPULATION, 12,779. 
 
 A three-mile ride from Colton, or it may be inspected by a stopover en route to 
 or from Redlands. It is the oldest urban place in San Bernardino Valley, is the seat 
 of government for its namesake county, and in manufacturing, mercantile, and 
 banking interests stands well at the front. It is the center of a valuable citrus and 
 deciduous fruit section, and headquarters for tourists' visits to Squirrel Inn, Little Bear 
 Valley, Harlem Hot Springs, Midway Springs, and the famous Arrowhead Hot 
 Springs, named after a giant arrowhead plainly carved by the hand of Nature on the 
 mountainside. The springs are remarkable, and served by a luxuriously appointed 
 hotel. The Southern Pacific has a motor line to Redlands. 
 
 LOMA LINDA NEW ORLEANS, 1,945 MILES. ALTITUDE, 1,055. 
 
 This is a sanitarium between Colton and Redlands. It is well equipped and con- 
 ducted after the Battle Creek (Michigan) methods of treatment. 
 
 REDLANDS REDLANDS JUNCTION, 3 MILES. ALTITUDE, 1.350. POPULATION, 13,000. 
 
 This unique and beautiful city lies just over the brow of the hill as the train passes 
 up the San Timeteo Canyon. Smiley Heights, the show place of the city and the 
 most restful and satisfying example of landscape gardening at its best, is on the very 
 crest of the hill which forms one side of the canyon. 
 
 Redlands is "beautiful for situation," and beautiful because it is a vast orange- 
 grove, broken only by streets, residences, and the ornamented grounds of its citizens. 
 Few cities of its size have so many elegant homes, or are so embowered in roses and 
 bloom of orange and the semitropical growths which flourish here. 
 
 The setting of the valley, a wilderness of green rimmed by great mountains, makes 
 a picture that is always pleasing, new, and varied with the season. 
 
 Mount San Bernardino, at the north, usually snow-crowned, with 11,800 feet alti- 
 tude, is seen from the cars, beginning as far west as Los Angeles, and will be seen 
 until Indio is reached. 
 
 Mount San Gorgonio (popularly Graj'back) is companion of Mount San Bernardino, 
 with 12,500 feet altitude. 
 
 Along the route of the Orange Belt Excursion. 8 
 
 The court of California's mission inn, the Glenwood. 
 
 The stately Court-House at Riverside. 
 
 An olive orchard at San Bernardino. 
 
 The Smiley Public Library at Redlands. 
 
 A street of San Bernardino. 
 

 BEAUMONT NEW ORLEANS, 1,925 MILES. ALTITUDE, 2,560. 
 
 This broad cleft through which the train is passing is the San Gorgonio Pass. On 
 the north is the San Bernardino Range, on the south the San Jacinto Mountains. 
 Beaumont crowns the pass, and connects the valley, which extends to Los Angeles, 
 with the ancient sea-bed which we know as the Colorado Desert. 
 
 BANNING NEW ORLEANS, 1,919 MILES. ALTITUDE, 2,317. 
 
 Just on the edge of the great depression, but with a good elevation, 
 orchards and grain-fields. 
 
 A place of 
 
 PALM SPRINGS NEW ORLEANS, 1,898 MILES. ALTITUDE, 584. 
 
 This station, is in the midst of drifting sands, on the rainless rim of the thirsty 
 plains. 
 
 Palm Springs, five miles from the station, is a place of springs and palms, making 
 an oasis on the edge of the desert. Nature's hint has been followed, and a sanitarium 
 with cottages, a hotel, shaded grounds, fruit-trees and vineyards, and good medical 
 care, is here. There is a church, store, postoffice, and telephone. 
 
 Palm Valley, five miles south, has a luxuriant grove of giant palms. How they 
 got here no one knows. The air is wonderfully dry, but thermal and other springs 
 keep the roots of the palms moist. 
 
 INDIO NEW ORLEANS, 1,875 MILES. DEPRESSION, 20. 
 
 Although below sea-level, yet here are artesian wells and fruitful fields and homes 
 in the desert. The area of cultivation is expanding, and green fields never seemed 
 more beautiful. Stores and packing-houses show that business is good. 
 
 COACHELLA NEW ORLEANS, 1,870 MILES. DEPRESSION, 70. 
 
 A valley spreads away here for eight by fifteen miles or more, an arm, probably, 
 of the great valley beyond Salton Sea. It will be closely populated and tilled, artesian 
 water being easily reached. Cantaloupes, onions, cabbage, and other vegetables and 
 fruits ripen early and catch the hungry market. Railroad and other lands are selling 
 rapidly. 
 
 At Thermal the depression has reached 124 feet, at Mecca 195 feet. The Govern- 
 ment date garden is here. 
 
 Cotton and dates promise large returns, while the general farm is multiplying. 
 There will be here a great producing center and an oasis charming by reason of its 
 palms and orchards. 
 
 SALTON SEA NEW ORLEANS, 1,850 MILES. DEPRESSION, 253. 
 
 A fragment, perhaps, of the Gulf of California, the head of it infilled by the soil- 
 carrying Colorado River, which built the Imperial Valley. The map of the Recla- 
 mation Service for 1906 gave the water surface as 247 square miles. This was due to 
 the break in the Colorado River, its whole volume pouring into this depression for 
 nearly two years. The railway skirts the shore for nearly sixty miles. 
 
 IMPERIAL JUNCTION NEW ORLEANS, 1,821 MILES. 
 
 A station of the middle desert, a branch line southward to the international bound- 
 ary between California and Mexico, and the line marked by towns surrounded by 
 prosperous farms. Here are Brawley (eighteen miles out), Imperial (twenty-seven 
 miles), El Centre (thirty-one miles), and Calexico (forty miles). Holtville is on the 
 east side, at the end of an interurban railway, and is one of the most promising towns 
 in the valley. This is Imperial Valley, with 20,000 people in it. Here ten years ago 
 were nakedness and silence. There are 275,000 acres under cultivation and 400,000 
 more that are irrigable. A high-line canal will bring a large area under cultivation 
 that can not now be reached, so that there will be room for more towns and settlers 
 as soon as water can be provided. There are some problems, but they are working 
 out satisfactorily, and this valley, great in area, abounding in sunshine, with plenty 
 of water and a soil from 50 to 500 feet deep, is wonderfully fertile. Everything 
 grows, and to all staple California crops is being added cotton. Perhaps 20,000 acres 
 are growing cotton at this writing. At present there is no public land that can be 
 watered, but the canal system will be extended and new districts formed. It is worth 
 while to watch the future of this amazing valley. 
 
 YUMA NEW ORLEANS, 1,804 MILES. POPULATION, 3,500. . 
 
 Reclamation work is being done here on a great scale by the Government. Yuma has 
 long been a good trading center, supplying a large mining territory, and has had about 
 it 150,000 acres of tillable land. This will now be irrigated, and much mesa land 
 will also be supplied with water, a giant siphon passing under the river bed to provide 
 water for lands on the Arizona side. The cost of the Laguna Dam, fourteen miles 
 above Yuma, with all that pertains to the system, will approximate $6,000,000. The 
 
 9 Palm Canyon, an oasis of the American desert. 
 
 The railroad runs close to the mountain wall. 
 
 Salton Sea at sunrise, from the railroad track. 
 
 Where golden dates ripen at Calexico, on the border. 
 
 Figs grow to perfection at Yuma, Arizona. 
 
 Original Americans selling their wares at Yuma. 
 

 
 
 " 
 
 siphon is of steel, fourteen feet in diameter, and discharges at the rate of 1,400 feet 
 per second. The dam itself is the only structure of its kind in this country. 
 
 The lands about Yuma will produce the crops of almost every land, as corn and 
 small grains, figs, dates, grapes, oranges and lemons, vegetables and alfalfa. The 
 winter climate is ideal. 
 
 The town has substantial blocks of brick and stone, first-class school buildings and 
 churches, and an enlarging commercial life. It will in time become a winter resort, 
 the weather here being superb for half the year an ideal winter climate. 
 
 Laguna Dam is twelve miles above Yuma, and reached by a branch line. Many 
 miles of canals are built, and substantial levees protect the lands from the river at 
 flood. 
 
 MARICOPA NEW ORLEANS, 1,592 MILES. ALTITUDE, 1,173. 
 
 Maricopa is a junction point, a branch the Arizona Eastern connecting the Sunset 
 Route with Phoenix and the Salt River Valley. Turn aside and look at the great 
 oasis made by water and cultivation. Some development is going on here at Maricopa. 
 
 TEMPE MARICOPA, 26 MILES. 
 
 Seven miles out we cross the bed of the Gila over a very long bridge. Tempe has 
 much sylvan beauty, and great clover-fields delight the eye. The Government has a 
 date plantation here of thirty acres, twelve of which are bearing. It is an experiment 
 in determining the most valuable varieties for this section. One of the normal schools 
 of Arizona is here, and a large breadth of alfalfa, orchards, and vineyards. 
 
 PHOENIX MARICOPA, 35 MILES. 
 
 The county-seat of Maricopa County and the capital of Arizona, Phoenix, is a 
 handsome city of 15,000 people. It is centrally located in the Salt River Valley, and 
 has more than 600 square miles of irrigable lands of the highest order tributary to it. 
 
 Here is one of the most beautiful and prosperous farming regions to be found in 
 any country. Its products are live stock, alfalfa and sugar-beets, oranges, and ostriches, 
 a remakable combination, all necessary save oranges and ostriches, and the product 
 of the tree and of the bird are as much in demand as beefsteak. 
 
 Here are the fields the prehistoric people leveled and the remains of the canals 
 which they constructed, and here is a soil as fertile as the farmer could wish, with 
 a permanent water supply, under a most stimulating climate. 
 
 The Roosevelt Dam is in the mountains, seventy-five miles away, reached via Mesa 
 City. At Granite Reef, where the current is increased by the flow of the Verde River, 
 a great diversion weir is built, and from there water is supplied to the distributing 
 canals. It is a great plant, and insures a permanent supply of water at all seasons for 
 250,000 acres. A large area about 40,000 acres will also be irrigated from wells, 
 pumped by electric power. 
 
 The power feature is a valuable one, and promises to reduce the final cost of lands 
 very greatly. 
 
 MESA CITY TEMPE, 7 MILES. 
 
 The track divides at Tempe and lands us at a growing town of 1,700 people or more, 
 sharing in the valley soils and the water supply. 
 
 This is a cantaloupe section, but besides live stock it grows alfalfa, oranges, peaches, 
 and seedless grapes. Schools are excellent, and there are good houses. 
 
 Returning now to the main line, we are at 
 
 CASA GRANDE NEW ORLEANS, 1,571 MILES. ALTITUDE, 1,396. 
 
 Some irrigation is practised in the country between here and the Gila. It was 
 cultivated by the prehistoric people and their irrigating canals can still be traced. 
 Sixteen miles out stands the Casa Grande ruins, the great house of the ancient race, 
 several stories high. The foundations, recently uncovered by the Government, show a 
 great many rooms of good size. It is one of the most interesting remains of an un- 
 known age. No pottery of the actual builders have ever been found. Indian tribes 
 occupied the great house hundreds of years after the builders had disappeared. 
 
 TUCSON NEW ORLEANS, 1,504 MILES. ALTITUDE, 2,360. POPULATION, 20,000. 
 
 Tucson and the mission, nine miles distant, have a recorded history reaching to the 
 year 1700. It is a well-built, opulent city, retaining some of its old-time architecture 
 with picturesque effect. The Territorial University is here, and an agricultural 
 experiment station, and the land office for the district. 
 
 It has fine churches, schools, business blocks, hotels, and a sumptuous building for its 
 public library. Tucson is well entitled to make strong claims for its own healthfulness. 
 The picturesque mountains at the north are Santa Catalina, and at the west the Tucson 
 Range. 
 
 The great Laguna Dam, Yuma Irrigation Project. 
 
 In a Tempe date-palm grove. 
 
 The State Capitol of Arizona at Phoenix. 
 
 Roosevelt Dam, holding back a lake that surfaces 17,000 acres. 
 
 The Bank of Salt River Valley, Mesa, Arizona. 
 
 The Mission San Xavier del Bac. 
 
 10 
 
Tucson has the Santa Cruz River on its borders, a sunken river for most of its 
 course, but its waters are being raised, and many farms are developing. This city is 
 attractive for its scenery, its healthful air, its university, and the fine old mission just 
 below. This is San Xavier del Bac, nine miles distant. The mines of Tumacacori are 
 also near by. Chalqueyuma, for example, opposite Rillito, fifteen miles below Tucson, 
 on the banks of the Santa Cruz, shows nearly a square mile of buried foundations. 
 At the mouth of Bear Canyon the form of ancient dwellings may be traced by the 
 foundation stones, and the form of ancient walled places of refuge may be studied in 
 the ruined walls on the top of Tumamoc Hill, west of Tucson. 
 
 The natural roads around Tucson and other parts of the county are remarkable for 
 their excellence. 
 
 XOGALES is on border, the international boundary line passing through the city. 
 Xogales has recently installed water and sewer systems. 
 
 BENSON NEW ORLEANS, 1,458 MILES. ALTITUDE, 3,578. 
 
 This flourishing town is open east and west via the Sunset Route of the Southern 
 Pacific, and south and east via the El Paso & Southwestern, giving it connection with 
 great mining centers. The valley has the little farm towns of St. David and San 
 Marco, and prosperous farming settlements. 
 
 COCHISE NEW ORLEANS, 1,427 MILES. ALTITUDE, 4,222. 
 
 The branch line here runs to the Pierce mining district, producing gold, silver, and 
 copper ; Dragoon Mountains at the south. 
 
 Between Cochise and Willcox the train traverses a notable alkali flat all that 
 remains of an ancient lake. Here every sunny day which practically means every 
 day mirages float before the eyes of the train travelers. 
 
 WILLCOX NEW ORLEANS, 1,416 MILES. ALTITUDE, 4,164. 
 
 An old-time stock-grazing center. Outlying valleys are San Pedro, San Simon, and 
 Sulphur Springs. These valleys supported 200,000 head of cattle. The San Simon and 
 Sulphur Springs valleys have a sandy soil, and carry a broad underground stream of 
 water a few feet below the surface, and are corning under cultivation. Many farms are 
 now found in Sulphur Springs Valley about Willcox watered by wells. A good school- 
 building here will attract attention. The development of the valley will do much for 
 Willcox. 
 
 1 
 
 RAILROAD PASS NEW ORLEANS, 1,408 MILES. 
 
 The small watercourse near here is called Dos Cabezos Creek ; mountains at the 
 north, Pinaleno Range ; these include Mount Graham and Fort Grant ; at the south the 
 Chiricahua Range. South, the double peak is Dos Cabezos, a landmark of frontier days. 
 
 BOWIE NEW ORLEANS, 1,390 MILES. ALTITUDE, 2,759. 
 
 This is a junction point for a line extending northerly through the rich Gila Valley 
 to Globe, 124 miles distant, the copper-mining center. The line is called the Arizona 
 Eastern. A substantial table is set in the hotel at Bowie. 
 
 The Arizona Eastern line traverses the Gila Valley, with several good towns set in 
 the midst of alfalfa and orchards. 
 
 A good valley with a fine water supply. Considerable land for sale. 
 
 SIMON is in Arizona, Steins in New Mexico. The monument of Cochise, the fierce 
 old Apache chieftain, is on the mountain top. San Simon Valley has artesian water, 
 and will break out in farms. Many homesteads have been located. 
 
 LORDSBURG NEW ORLEANS, 1,340 MILES. ALTITUDE, 4,245. 
 
 From Lordsburg the Arizona and New Mexico railway line extends to the copper 
 mines at Clifton and Morenci. In railway operating, it is a busy line, and its tributary 
 country is rich in mines and pasturage. New houses are seen and a new public school. 
 The town serves a wide country. 
 
 DEMING NEW ORLEANS, 1,280 MILES. ALTITUDE, 4,334. 
 
 Deming is a thriving city, with valuable resources in mines, cattle, and farm lands. 
 The El Paso & Southwestern Railway is the terminal point of the Santa Fe from 
 Chicago on the north, and has a branch line to Silver City, forty-eight miles distant. 
 The Mimbres River is here an underground stream, and irrigation is practised. The 
 river flows at a depth of from twenty to sixty feet under the entire valley, and there is 
 believed to be water enough to irrigate the whole valley. Many pumping plants have 
 been put in around Deming and vast areas of rich irrigable lands are still in a raw 
 
 11 
 
 A wood render at Nogales, Old Mexico. 
 
 The American side of Nogales, Arizona. 
 
 In the American section. 
 
 The Mexican Nogales the Custom-House. 
 
 Arizona cattle at Willcox, ready for shipment. 
 

 ~ ; 
 
 state, inviting the settler. Fruits of fine quality are grown here, vegetables of all kinds, 
 and beans are produced as a field crop. Two health resorts are in the mountains 
 Faywood Springs and the Mimbres Hop Springs. 
 
 EL PASO NEW ORLEANS, 1,194 MILES. ALTITUDE, 3,713. POPULATION, 46,000. 
 
 This hustling American city was originally Paso del Norte, the pass of the north, 
 going from old Mexico to the territory on the north. It was a hamlet in 1598 when 
 visited by Onate, a Spanish adventurer, in command of a body of troops. In 1858 it 
 was still a sleepy hamlet of about 300 people, the nearest railroad or telegraph station 
 more than a thousand miles away. Today there are eight railroads and 100 miles of 
 track in the freight yards. 
 
 It is the western terminus of the Texas & Pacific Railway and eastern of the El Paso 
 & Southwestern System. Is reached by the Chicago, Rock Island & Texas, and by the 
 Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe from the north, the National of Mexico from the south, 
 and by the Rio Grande, Sierra Madre & Pacific Railway from the gold placers of the 
 Yaqui, and connected with the Atlantic and Pacific by the lines of the Southern Pacific. 
 
 The El Paso & Southwestern System, the Galveston, Harrisburg & San Antonio, 
 and the Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe all have large shops located at this point, and the 
 El Paso & Southwestern System has its general offices in this city. 
 
 The railroads distribute annually $3,000,000 in El Paso from pay-roll and main- 
 tenance accounts. There are mammoth smelting-works in the western suburbs, and the 
 manufacturing activities cover many lines. El Paso is a mining center, and as a trade 
 distributer covers a vast territory. There are many noble public buildings United 
 States custom-house and court buildings, hospitals, schools, churches, banks, mercantile 
 houses, and hotels. 
 
 Ciudad Juarez, the Mexican city on the south side of the Rio Grande, is worthy of 
 a call at least. It has a notable old church, in no essential changed since Mass was 
 first said in it 300 years ago. 
 
 Eastward from El Paso the railway time is Central, and two hours faster than 
 Pacific, which "rules the rail" out of San Francisco to El Paso. 
 
 The Rio Grande Irrigation Project means the expenditure of more than $8,000,000 
 and the development of water to irrigate the Rio Grande Valley, approximately 
 200,000 acres. 
 
 FORT HANCOCK NEW ORLEANS, 1,109 MILES. ALTITUDE, 2,519. 
 
 This is a military post, and is about a mile from the station near the banks of the 
 Rio Grande. There are high bluffs on the Mexican side of the river, beautifully marked 
 by the weathering of crystalline strata. 
 
 SIERRA BLANCA NEW ORLEANS, 1,100 MILES. ALTITUDE, 4,512. 
 
 We are at the junction of the Texas & Pacific. Its northern terminal is Texarkana, 
 a vexing compound word that yet serves a good purpose. Sierra Blanca gets its name 
 from a singularly white or drab mountain in the vicinity a "quaker" among mountains. 
 It is on the south, as is Quitman also ; northerly are the Crizo Mountains, in the middle 
 distance Sierra del Diablo, and far away the Guadalupe range. 
 
 VALENTINE NEW ORLEANS, 1,031 MILES. ALTITUDE, 4,424. 
 
 Here are grazing plains with large herds of cattle, and recently bands of antelopes. 
 
 FORT DAVIS. 
 
 A health resort known far beyond the borders of Texas. It is twenty-two miles 
 north of the little station called Marfa at the foot of Davis Mountains. It is the site 
 of a former United States military post. 
 
 PAISANO NEW ORLEANS, 983 MILES. ALTITUDE, 5,082. 
 This is the crest of the Sunset Route ; mark the elevation. 
 
 ALPINE NEW ORLEANS, 970 MILES. ALTITUDE, 4,485. 
 
 This is a handsome town of 2,500 people, the county-seat of Brewster County. It 
 occupies part of the level, circular valley, some of the picturesque mountains reaching a 
 height of 8,000 feet. 
 
 MARATHON NEW ORLEANS, 939 MILES. ALTITUDE, 4,043. 
 
 A region of fine summers and mild winters. A rubber factory is located here, 
 producing rubber from a weed or plant called guayule. 
 
 HAYMOND, SANDERSON, LOZIER are stations in a great table-land. There 
 is much charm of mountain air, and much attraction for stockmen and for raisers of 
 sheep and goats. Sanderson is the county-seat of Terrell County. 
 
 San Antonio Street in hustling El Paso, Texas. 12 
 
 In Texas, down by the Rio Grande. 
 
 A quiet stretch on the Devil's River. 
 
 The weathered cliffs of Pump Canyon. 
 
 Belie, with their quaint sculpturing, its unromantic name. 
 
 The market-place, Juarez, on the Mexican side. 
 
PECOS RIVER. 
 
 This river reaches up into New Mexico and drains and irrigates a large slope of 
 country. The climate of all this region is fine and healthy, with good fishing and 
 hunting and attractive scenery. 
 
 THE PECOS BRIDGE. 
 
 At Viaduct the engineers have thrown a spider's web of steel across the gorge of 
 the Pecos. Its extreme length is 2,184 feet, and its height 321 feet above the bed of the 
 river. This airy and graceful structure is solid as a rock, and one of the notable 
 railway bridges of the world. 
 
 COMSTOCK and LANGTRY are important shipping points in Valverde County, 
 and sheepmen and cattlemen make their headquarters here. 
 
 Castle Canyon has some fine examples of natural sculpture, the sand-blast and water 
 carving the rocks into fantastic shapes. 
 
 DEL RIO XEW ORLEANS, 741 MILES. ALTITUDE, 954. POPULATION, 7,500. 
 
 This is a border town and a port of entry from Mexico, and for bonded goods in 
 transit to Mexico. A large section pays tribute to Del Rio. The town has banks, 
 churches, schools, telephone exchange, and newspapers, and this is a division point on 
 the Sunset Route. It is the center of a great wool-producing section. The climate is 
 almost ideal, and Devil's River a short distance west offers fine bass fishing. 
 
 SPOFFORD NEW ORLEANS, 705 MILES. ALTITUDE, 1,015. 
 
 A branch runs southward to Eagle Pass, making connection with the Mexican 
 International Railway for City of Mexico. 
 
 EAGLE PASS. 
 
 This little city has nearly 4,000 people, and is the county-seat of Maverick County. 
 A large trade comes from the Mexican side, and there are fine modern stores, schools, 
 churches, and other public buildings. The gulf breeze tempers the summers and 
 modifies the air of winter. 
 
 
 UVALDE NEW ORLEANS, 664 MILES. ALTITUDE, 930. POPULATION, 5,000. 
 
 Uvalde is an influential county town, and is the center of a wide area of stock-raising 
 and agricultural country, and also of the bee industry. Angora goats are extensively 
 raised. The town is located on Leona River, and is growing rapidly. Only a small per 
 cent, of the lands in all this region are under cultivation, and the low price, the fine 
 climate, and the range of products make this part of Texas desirable. 
 
 SABINAL NEW ORLEANS, 642 MILES. ALTITUDE, 936. 
 
 Down in Texas they speak of the "Sabinal country," a region well known for its 
 agricultural resources, its diversity of soil, its hay, bee culture, and other industries. 
 
 The population of Sabinal is about 2,500. The territory thereabouts is rapidly 
 developing. 
 
 HONDO NEW ORLEANS, 621 MILES. POPULATION, 3,000. 
 
 This is the county-seat of Medina County, and a thriving town ; ships many queen 
 bees and bee-keepers' supplies. The county has many fine farms, and a majority of the 
 settlers are of German descent. Fruit grows well in large variety. Land is very fertile 
 and cheap, and with careful cultivation produces heavily. 
 
 SAN ANTONIO NEW ORLEANS, 572 MILES. ALTITUDE, 686. POPULATION, 105.000. 
 
 A live city in the midst of a rich country, and with a most salubrious climate. Behind 
 it is an empire contributing cotton, live-stock, and general farm produce, and railways 
 radiate to various points of the compass doing "the king's business" which "requires 
 haste." 
 
 Its most important line is that of the Sunset Route, which, in its new Union Station, 
 has here one of the finest passenger stations in America, and which connects with all 
 the world through San Francisco on the Pacific and New Orleans at the east. The city 
 is watered by the San Antonio River and some small tributaries, including Saladp. 
 There are twenty-one parks, several hot sulphur wells, and seven large hotels. Here 
 are located the largest military post in the United States, Fort Sam Houston, and the 
 famed hot sulphur well and hotel, with hundreds of cures to its credit. A fine supply 
 of artesian water of great purity, a splendid system of electric street railways, miles of 
 paved streets and macadamized roads,. good schools and churches, with much game 
 in the country and fish in the streams, combined with climatic attractions and historic 
 
 13 
 
 One of the irrigating canals that are achieving Texas' destiny 
 
 Table vegetables prove profitable at Eagle Pass. Here are potatoes 
 
 And here cucumbers cumber not the ground 
 
 The busy town of Uvalde has pleasant picnic-grounds 
 
 The Court-House at Uvalde, an important Texas town 
 
 The Court-House at Hondo, a town as busy as the bees it ships 
 
 
associations, make San Antonio a place of resort as well as of traffic. It is one of the 
 healthiest cities in the Union, and is both a summer and winter resort. It is destined 
 lo be one of the notable cities of the Southwest and the South, as its people are 
 progressive, public spirited. The city possesses several very fine hotels of recent 
 construction. 
 
 THE ALAMO 
 
 Western people will want to see the immortal Alamo. 
 
 In this semi-military church, during the war with Mexico by Texas for its inde- 
 pendence, in March, 1836, 182 citizen soldiers were besieged by Santa Ana in command 
 of 5,000 Mexican regulars. At an early day a retreat might have been made with some 
 losses ; but the heroic band believed their death would serve their country better than 
 ignoble flight. It should be noted that while their number originally was but 150, yet 
 during the siege thirty-two others fought their way in to share the closing massacre. 
 At the end of eleven days the sacrifice was completed all were dead ! Travis, the 
 commander, fell at his post of duty, on the wall ; Colonel Bowie in bed, so sick he 
 could not rise to receive the bayonet-thrust of the foe, was murdered where he lay. 
 David Crockett died behind a rampart of assailants he had slain. There was no 
 chivalrous recognition of valor ; the last defender died. One woman, with a young 
 child, and a negro servant, were left to tell the tale. On the monument Texas has 
 inscribed: "Thermopylae had its messenger of defeat; the Alamo had none." The 
 Alamo is now being restored. 
 
 Within easy drive of the city there are the remains of old missions, whose interesting 
 ruins carry one back to a time when San Antonio was the capital of the ancient Spanish 
 province of Texas. 
 
 SEGUIN NEW ORLEANS, 537 MILES. ALTITUDE, 599. POPULATION, 3,700. 
 
 This attractive city is about one mile south of the station. It deals largely in cotton, 
 live stock, corn, and oats. Seguin has water-power possibilities that could make it one 
 of the principal manufacturing centers of Texas. Contiguous to the city are the falls of 
 the Guadalupe River untold wealth literally running to waste. 
 
 Pecan, natural oak, elm, hickory, and mesquite are the principal tree growths. 
 Seguin is the county-seat of Guadalupe County, and is one of the most prosperous 
 towns on the line. 
 
 LULING NEW ORLEANS, 516 MILES. ALTITUDE, 416. POPULATION, 2,500. 
 
 Luling is an attractive, progressive city and deals heavily in cotton, produced in a 
 rich tributary country. It is watered and drained by an affluent of Guadalupe River. 
 The San Antonio & Aransas Pass Railway connects Luling with the coast country 
 below and with the Missouri, Kansas & Texas on the north. The San Marcos River 
 is noted for its picturesque scenery. 
 
 HARWOOD NEW ORLEANS, 507 MILES. ALTITUDE, 460. 
 
 Harwood is a terminal of a twelve-mile branch line to Gonzales, where it connects 
 with the San Antonio & Aransas Pass Railway for southern Texas and the Gulf. 
 
 WAELDER POPULATION, 2,000. 
 
 FLATONIA POPULATION, 2,700. 
 
 These are growing towns in Fayette County, where is found high rolling prairie, 
 with small creeks for irrigation and drainage, and much black sandy and black waxy 
 land. Waelder has much local pride, and Flatonia is active in manufacturing. The 
 San Antonio & Aransas Pass Railway reaches north, as well as to ports on the Gulf. 
 
 SCHULENBURG POPULATION, 2,500. 
 
 Is the center of a prosperous German farming section, producing a large variety of 
 staple crops. 
 
 WEIMAR POPULATION, 2,700. 
 
 Also settled by Germans, shows the thrift and characteristics of this people. Weimar 
 is a place of much local interest and a large trading center. It is on rolling ground. 
 
 BORDEN NEW ORLEANS, 456 MILES. 
 
 Here Gail Borden began the manufacture of condensed milk back in the "seventies," 
 afterwards removing to a more central locality in the north. 
 
 GLIDDEN NEW ORLEANS, 450 MILES. 
 
 A railroad town and active. A branch railway connects with La Grande, the 
 
 county-seat. 
 
 At Sutherland Springs, a Texas resting-place. 
 
 Breckenridge Park, San Antonio. 
 
 The Alamo Plaza at San Antonio. 
 
 A link with the past, the Espada Mission. 
 
 The fine facade of Mission La Purisima Concepcion. 
 
 Where Davy Crockett died the famous Alamo. 
 
 14 
 
COLUMBUS NEW ORLEANS, 477 MILES. POPULATION, 2,100. 
 
 The Colorado River of Texas bends about the town like a great horseshoe. There 
 are large mercantile and manufacturing interests here, and a possibility of developing 
 power from the river. Rice-growing is one of the principal industries of the county. 
 
 EAGLE LAKE NEW ORLEANS, 431 MILES. ALTITUDE, 179. POPULATION, 2,600. 
 
 This pleasant town has a most inviting appearance, and is in possession of present 
 prosperity, with an assured future. In addition to the through transcontinental line of 
 the Sunset Route, it has other railways, giving direct access to all parts of the State. 
 Here is fine land. Cotton, corn, hay, and sugar-cane, as well as rice, are grown. 
 Several large lakes are in this county, the largest being Eagle Lake, of 30,000 acres. 
 
 ROSENBERG NEW ORLEANS, 398 MILES. ALTITUDE, 110. POPULATION, 2,000. 
 
 Rosenberg is a railway junction city. From here a line runs to San Antonio via 
 Victoria, as a branch of the Galveston, Harrisburg & San Antonio. Rosenberg has 
 coast connections with Hawkinsville, Palacios, and Port Lavaca on the Gulf, and also 
 reaches to Beeville, all within the rich and rapidly developing Gulf country of Texas, 
 with its sugar and cotton plantations. Northerly there are outlets over the Gulf Coast 
 & Santa Fe, while it is connected with all the world by its position on the transconti- 
 nental line of the Sunset Route. 
 
 RICHMOND POPULATION, 2,500. 
 
 SARTARTIA NEW ORLEANS, 388 MILES. 
 
 These business centers have natural advantages, the Brazos bottoms being unequaled 
 for the growth of certain crops. This historic river flows between the two towns, 
 coming from near the Red River in northern Texas and reaching the Gulf. 
 
 Near Sartartia a large area of rich river-bottom land is devoted to sugar-cane 
 cultivation with gratifying success. Here is the largest sugar-cane factory in the South, 
 where sugar is refined by the "bone black" process. 
 
 HOUSTON NEW ORLEANS, 362 MILES. ALTITUDE, 64. POPULATION, 105,000. 
 
 The map makes a spider-wed of railroad lines with Houston in the center of the 
 web, showing at a glance its great importance in the railway world. The last few years 
 have given the city great prominence, making it the commercial and railway metropolis 
 of Texas. This has been done largely by the energy of its citizens, its merchants and 
 manufacturers, and the enterprise of competing lines of railroad; but its location has 
 meant much. It is at the head of tide-water navigation on Buffalo Bayou, and is 
 connected with the seaport of Galveston by a ship canal built by the United States 
 Government. The indications are that Houston will soon have a deep-water harbor of 
 its own. Excluding Mexican lines, 5,000 miles of railroad seek tide-water here. 
 Seventeen railroads tell the story of the city's growth. It is enough to say that the city 
 is opulent, well built, and progressive ; that it has churches, schools, and colleges, the 
 Rice Institute, with an endowment of $7,000,000. and a larger proportion than is usual 
 of citizens who own their own homes. The future of the city is secure. 
 
 Few cities offer better inducements to manufacturers and capitalists seeking invest- 
 ments, or to merchants desiring to engage in business in a comparatively new field, with 
 a rapidly developing countryside rich in resources. 
 
 GALVESTON HOUSTON, 48 MILES. POPULATION, 45,000. 
 
 This Gulf city has been brought into national prominence during recent years by the 
 success of an experiment in municipal government, or government by commission. The 
 building of the great seawall and the work of the United States Government in making 
 here a harbor which would admit the largest sea-going vessels have also attracted 
 attention to Galveston as a seaport. It is now equal to the demands upon it, and the 
 largest vessels find no difficulty in entering the channel. 
 
 The enormous increase in the amount of cotton received at this port has also chal- 
 lenged comment. The port has taken a prominent place in the export of cotton and in 
 the value of its foreign commerce. Galveston's great ocean-steamship docks make it 
 easy to handle an immense ocean traffic. The great docks of the Southern Pacific 
 Steamship Company, with its fleet of fifteen steamers, are located here. 
 
 Galveston is a resort city as well as a commercial one. Surrounded entirely by 
 water, with the sea air that renders outdoor life possible at all seasons, and an average 
 of 273 sunshiny days in the year, the city offers quiet, pleasure, or sport as one is 
 inclined. The new Hotel Galvez offers accommodations for all. 
 
 Returning to the main line, we now go back a little to trace the coast line eastward 
 from San Antonio to Rosenberg. 
 
 15 
 
 On the main street of Houston, the Texas metropolis 
 
 Southern Pacific railway shops at Houston 
 
 On Buffalo Bayou, near Houston 
 
 At Galveston the Southern Pacific has mammoth docks 
 
 Hotel Galvez, Galveston 
 
 The Gulf city is proud of the convent of the Ursulines 
 

 
 CUERO POPULATION, 5,000. 
 
 This enterprising town is on the Victoria division of the Galveston, Harrisburg & 
 San Antonio, and is in De Witt County. Cuero has a cotton-mill and electric-light 
 plant with much unused water power derived from the Guadalupe River. The country 
 is given to "de cotton and de co'n," with truck-farming and the raising and shipping of 
 turkeys on a large scale. 
 
 VICTORIA POPULATION, 6,000. 
 
 This is a region of great ranches owned by cattlemen, who make their headquarters 
 at Victoria. The tendency now is to encourage the division and sale of large tracts of 
 grazing land for agricultural uses. The farmer is indispensable. 
 
 PORT LAVACA POPULATION, 1,500. 
 
 This is at once a county town, the official seat of Calhoun County, and a seaside 
 resort. It is finely located on Port Lavaca Bay, being built on a bank or bluff. There 
 is an excellent modern hotel, and a commodious pavilion built out over the bay, and 
 there are numerous islands which invite the camper. Port Lavaca will become one 
 of the best-known resorts of the Gulf Coast. 
 
 BEEVILLE POPULATION, 3,000. 
 
 Beeville is in Bee County, and bees suggest bloom and beauty in the fields which the 
 plow has not disturbed. Wild flowers grow in profusion and bloom throughout the 
 year, and bee culture forms an important industry in the county. One of the most 
 successful apiarists in Beeville is a woman. 
 
 EDNA and WHARTON are prosperous towns and have each a population of 
 about 2,000. Wharton has a sugar refinery. From the junction a branch runs south and 
 eastward, including such resort towns as Bay City, on Matagorda Bay, and Palacios, 
 on Palacios Bay. 
 
 On the main line again, eastward, is 
 
 SAN JACINTO RIVER NEW ORLEANS, 344 MILES. 
 
 This is here a historic stream, and perpetuates the memory of the battle of San 
 Jacinto, where Texan independence was achieved. 
 
 LIBERTY NEW ORLEANS, 321 MILES. POPULATION, 2,200. 
 
 Another historic stream, the Trinity, is crossed here. In 1687 the chivalrous Sieur 
 de La Salle, leading a movement by France to get possession of the Texas country, was 
 killed on the banks of this river. The party had failed to find the mouth of the 
 Mississippi, and was wrecked on the coast of Texas. 
 
 SOUR LAKE. 
 
 Nine miles from Nome, and covered by a branch railway, this is a resort of much 
 popularity. The waters are acid, due to sulphur. 
 
 A large oil-field has developed here. 
 
 BEAUMONT NEW ORLEANS, 278 MILES. POPULATION, 32,000. 
 
 This is the oil city of the South. It has three railroads, besides the Southern Pacific. 
 The Southern Pacific, in addition to its through line, has a line south to Sabine Pass on 
 the Gulf, and one north to Dallas. The Santa Fe makes Beaumont the terminal for its 
 local line. 
 
 The Neches is here, a wide and deep river, and will presently be available for large 
 ocean vessels. The Government canal from the deep waters of the Gulf to the river 
 will be dredged to twenty-five feet, and Beaumont will become a seaport. 
 
 Its lumber interests are very great, the oil production immense, and the area of 
 lands under cultivation now produce about 2,000,000 bushels of rice per year. A good 
 water supply and a good school system would seem to insure a steady growth of 
 population. 
 
 PORT ARTHUR POPULATION, 9,000. 
 
 This is comparatively a new port, but its commerce is rapidly increasing, and with 
 five or six feet more water will take its place as- one of the great Gulf ports. Port 
 Arthur is one of the natural openings or indentations on the Gulf adaptable to world 
 commerce, and commerce will largely shape the future of the city which is growing 
 up around the harbor. 
 
 A larg>> concrete hotel is here, and the town is well laid out in the midst of good 
 farm lands. Port Arthur is situated on Sabine Lake, fourteen miles inland from 
 the Gulf. 
 
 A suggestion of Holland at Victoria, Texas. 
 
 The oyster luggers of Port Lavaca. 
 
 A field of beans at Beeville. 
 
 An unusual sight, a camphor plantation at Pierce. 
 
 More out-of-the-ordinary crops at Pierce a tea farm. 
 
 The navigable Neches River at Beaumont. 
 
 16 
 
ORANGE NEW ORLEANS, 256 MILES. POPULATION, 9,000. 
 
 One of the most progressive cities in east Texas. It is located on the beautiful 
 Sabine River, dividing Texas from Louisiana. It has long been an important lumber- 
 producing center, and is located in the heart of a remarkably productive agricultural 
 section. Lands are reasonable as to price. The citizens are enterprising and public 
 spirited, and are working zealously for the improvement of their home town. Orange 
 contains many very handsome homes and churches. It possesses fine opportunities 
 for sport good shooting, fishing and boating and is a delightful place of residence 
 good water and health-giving atmosphere. A paper mill, employing 300 people and 
 converting yellow pine waste into excellent paper, is one of the chief industries of 
 Orange. 
 
 SABINE RIVER NEW ORLEANS, 250 MILES. 
 
 This historic river is in large part the boundary line between Texas and Louisiana. 
 Since we left San Antonio country we have been traveling through rice-fields. We are 
 here in the heart of the rice belt. A new and important industry has sprung up here 
 in recent years, and Texas and Louisiana are now furnishing vast quantities of one of 
 the most valuable of cereals. 
 
 LAKE CHARLES NEW ORLEANS, 219 MILES. POPULATION, 15,580. 
 
 This is a live town with schools, churches, banks, hotels, paved streets, and manu- 
 factories, all in the close embrace of rivers and lakes which abound in fish, and forests 
 in which the black bear is still found. Here, too, are rice-mills and rice-fields, and 
 when the rice-fields are harvested and forsaken the wild geese take possession and the 
 sky is fairly darkened by a general flight. In the forests wild turkeys are found. 
 With such an environment we can understand why Lake Charles is popular, and why 
 its reputation as a resort extends over a wide area of Louisiana and Texas. It is 
 accessible, having fine railroads, and so near the Gulf that the climate is modified by 
 the great body of water. 
 
 Lake Charles has three large rice-mills, and is an active distributing center as well 
 as a place of recreation. 
 
 MALLARD JUNCTION, IOWA, and WELSH are trading points in the rice 
 lands, the first having a branch line to Lake Arthur, and the second a crossing by the 
 St. Louis, Watkins & Gulf Railway, which here intersects the Sunset Route. 
 
 JENNINGS NEW ORLEANS, 185 MILES. POPULATION, 3,000. 
 
 This important town draws heavy tribute from the rice-fields, but lies also within 
 the oil-fields, and has a large refinery. Fortunes have been made in oil here. Experts 
 believe that the main supply of crude oil in Louisiana fields has not been touched. 
 
 MERMENTAU NEW ORLEANS, 180 MILES. POPULATION, 300. 
 
 This place recalls Lafitte, the pirate, and Acadian romance. To the Northern and 
 Western man the country is itself a revelation, a land of romance. Water is every- 
 where and lily-pads and water-loving plants and flowers. 
 
 CROWLEY NEW ORLEANS, 168 MILES. POPULATION, 7,000. 
 
 Here is a network of canals, prosperous rice-growers on every side, eight large 
 rice-mills, and a handsome city well begun where so recently it was easy to get "close 
 to Nature." 
 
 The Rice Association of Crowley will send you a book of rice recipes. 
 
 Crowley is a center of rice industry, but at Scott, Duspn, and Rayne sugar, rice, and 
 cotton are produced, cattle are raised, and general farming is practised. 
 
 From Midland run two branch lines, one north to Eunice and Mamou, one south- 
 easterly to Abbeville and to a junction with the main line at New Iberia. 
 
 RAYNE NEW ORLEANS, 160 MILES. POPULATION, 3,000. 
 
 Rice and sugar lands and farm lands are being made available by canals, and much 
 land is being occupied. 
 
 LAFAYETTE NEW ORLEANS, 146 MILES. POPULATION, 5,000. 
 
 Is located in the heart of the oldest settled section of Louisiana. It is the center 
 of what is known as the Attakapas country, and its lands, though they have been in 
 cultivation for over a century, are remarkably productive and considered among the 
 very best in the State. The town has developed materially in the past few years, and 
 the probable early cutting up of the large plantations will result in the settlement of 
 a great many industrious farmers, the location of whom will enhance the importance 
 of Lafayette. Its people are thoroughly enterprising and are paying particular atten- 
 tion to improved methods of cultivation as applied to the farm areas. 
 
 17 
 
 The railroad depot at Lake Charles, Louisiana 
 
 A modern rice-mill at Lake Charles 
 
 The colored countryfolk at Paradise 
 
 Shell Beach and moss-bearded trees on Lake Charles 
 
 A residence in the attractive Lake Charles region 
 
 The Shell Beach road by the lake-shore 
 
 maim 
 
 
 -few 
 
 ji !Hl!& illF* 
 
 -* 
 
 -is 
 
 
D 
 
 Lafayette is the southern terminus of the Alexandria branch of the Southern 
 Pacific and of the new line from Baton Rouge, which was completed and opened for 
 service in 1912, traversing a very fertile section of the State. The rapidly increasing 
 importance of Lafayette spells additional prosperity. 
 
 THE COUNTRYSIDE 
 
 Between Baton Rouge and the Sunset Route are three extensive parishes. As we 
 approach the Gulf imperfect drainage gives rise to the sluggish watercourses called 
 bayous, and the marsh lands begin. Some great changes are taking place, rice lands 
 being made available, sugar lands ready for the "ribbon cane," and farm lands prepared 
 for occupation and the growth of vegetables. Canals have been constructed over a 
 vast area, drainage provided where necessary, lands reclaimed from the swamp, and 
 shell roads built. Communities are growing, large areas are producing vegetables, 
 cane, and rice, and a new day has come in these old, slow-moving parishes. The 
 situation is the reverse of that of the arid lands. Here reclamation means drainage 
 Lands must be made dry. 
 
 CADE NEW ORLEANS, 133 MILES. POPULATION, 200. 
 
 A branch railway extends northerly to St. Martinsville and to Port Barre, forty- 
 one miles. Note that St. Martinsville is but seven miles away, and that there may be 
 seen the "Evangeline Oak" and other reminders of the legend which Longfellow made 
 immortal. It is a romantic part of a romantic State. 
 
 XEW IBERIA NEW ORLEANS, 126 MILES. POPULATION, 7,500. 
 
 From this point you may wish to visit Avery Island and see the salt mines of 
 Petit Anse. If you relish Tabasco pepper, you may see it under cultivation here. 
 
 The branch line from Midland through Abbeville connects here, and a four-mile 
 branch of it at Junction, six miles from New Iberia, will carry you to Petit Anse. 
 
 JEANERETTE NEW ORLEANS, 116 MILES. POPULATION, 3,000. 
 
 A center of the saccharine output of the beautiful Bayou Teche country. Here is 
 to be seen the old Gribbenberg plantation, typical of the days "befo' de wah." We 
 are getting into the sugar-bowl of Louisiana, and much of the land seems dotted with 
 villages in the distance, but it is the tall stacks of the sugar-mills which explain the 
 villages. The cottages grouped about the mills are the homes of the employes. 
 
 SUGAR LANDS 
 
 Sugar is only made in the lowlands south of the Red River and along the Missis- 
 sippi bottoms. The sugar factories, as a rule, are connected with the plantation, and 
 the planter is both planter and manufacturer, and sugar in the unrefined state is his 
 product. The factory also buys cane of the small farmer. 
 
 There is much rich land available still in Louisiana, and we produce but a fraction 
 of the sugar consumed. 
 
 BALDWIN NEW ORLEANS, 105 MILES. POPULATION, 1,000. 
 FRANKLIN NEW ORLEANS, 101 MILES. POPULATION, 4.000. 
 BAYOU SALE NEW ORLEANS, 96 MILES. POPULATION, 300. 
 
 PATTERSON NEW ORLEANS, 87 MILES. POPULATION, 1,500. 
 
 These are all sugar towns, centers of sugar production, and the commercial business 
 is largely in cane products and the supplies needed by plantations. They are in the 
 Teche sugar district. 
 
 Franklin has a branch railway to Cypremort, nineteen miles, and covers Baldwin 
 by it, four miles from Franklin. 
 
 MORGAN CITY NEW ORLEANS, 81 MILES. POPULATION, 8,000. 
 
 A waterfront town of importance on Berwick Bay, a widening of the Atchafalaya 
 River. This river drains the country parallel with the Mississippi, and extending 
 almost to the Red River. It may figure prominently some day in the history and 
 destiny of the "Father of Waters." It has many affluents north, including that of 
 Bavou Teche. Berwick is at the western end of the bridge. It has largely developed 
 as a river oort. and lumber and oyster industries contribute to its growth. 
 
 SCHRIEVER NEW ORLEANS, 57 MILES. POPULATION, 300. 
 
 A branch railway, six miles in length, extends northerly to Thibodaux and 
 Napoleonville, and a second branch southerly, fifteen miles, to Houma. Much improve- 
 ment of natural conditions is evident. Great canals are planned for drainage purposes. 
 
 mm 
 
 A prosperous petroleum refinery at Jennings, Louisiana. 
 
 An up-to-date rice-mill at Crowley. 
 
 The picturesque Bayou Teche, New Iberia. 
 
 Plump oysters and appetizing shrimps are canned in Louisiana. 
 
 A lumber mill on the Atchafalaya River. 
 
 Where rice is made ready for market, at Lake Arthur. 
 
 IS 
 
LAFOURCHE NEW ORLEANS, 53 MILES. POPULATION, 500. 
 
 We are in the suburban lands of New Orleans, which feed the city not literally 
 perhaps. These are sugar lands all around us. 
 
 Here and about Raceland Junction is one of the centers of the Louisiana sugar 
 industry. Great sugar-mills rise on either side, hardly four miles apart. 
 
 Reclamation work is going on rapidly hereabouts. Cotton and corn are here, the 
 latter fifteen feet high. 
 
 WHAT IS- DOING 
 
 Between the Mississippi and the Atchafalaya rivers millions of acres of swamp land 
 within easy reach of markets are being reclaimed. It is thought that there is room in 
 Lafourche Parish for 400,000 people, and for 800,000 in Terrebonne Parish. Canals 
 are building, ditches are being dug and huge pumps installed, and much land is now 
 ready for cultivation. 
 
 THE HEALTH SIDE 
 
 This is important, but the conditions are not serious. As the water is drained off, 
 the humidity decreases, and there comes a greater clarity to the atmosphere. The 
 prevailing breeze is from the Gulf, and this salt air is full of ozone. The testimony 
 is that the communities that have sprung up where the land has been cleared and 
 cultivated are in as good health as the most hygienic region in the Northeast. 
 
 THE CROP SIDE 
 
 This is also important and promising. Take onions and potatoes 125 bushels and 
 100 bushels respectively, at prices which yield $100 and $75 an acre, marketed in 
 April and May. The land is planted to corn, yielding forty to fifty bushels, or about 
 $32 an acre ; fall cabbage follows, nine tons per acre, selling at two cents per pound, 
 or $360 an acre, making a total of $492 an acre, gross. Planted in cane these lands 
 yield thirty-five tons an acre, or, at $3.50 a ton, $122.50 an acre. The cost of culti- 
 vating and harvesting is reckoned at $1.50 a ton. 
 
 Sown in rice, the yield will run from eight to ten sacks, selling at $3.50 and $4, 
 yielding $28 to $40 an acre. Many have become prosperous, and even independent, 
 raising rice, and western Louisiana shows a contented lot of farmers. 
 
 RACELAND JUNCTION NEW ORLEANS, 40 MILES. 
 In the midst of sugar lands. 
 
 DES ALLEMANDS NEW ORLEANS, 32 MILES. 
 
 A quaint old German settlement is here on the bayou which connects the lake of 
 the same name at the north with Lake Salvador at the south, debouching finally into 
 Barataria Bay, which tradition links with the pirate Lafitte. 
 
 AN INTERESTING COUNTRY 
 
 The approach to New Orleans from the west shows a country full of interest to 
 the Western and Northern man. Rice and cotton and sugar-cane are novel field crops 
 to many, and are set in an air of romance in which the Southern planter, the colored 
 "field hands," the "overseer," the "mansion," and "the quarters" of the slaves are 
 mingled in a picturesque way under these Southern skies, and associated with wealth, 
 with leisure, with courtly manners, with magnolia trees, the song of the mocking-bird, 
 the charm of rural life, and its quiet and dignity. For in the halcyon days of the past 
 all the South was a rural republic ; cities were conveniences, but the first men of the 
 State were planters, and the countryside was more important than the cities. 
 
 The sugar lands begin at the very doors of New Orleans, then run up and down 
 and across the river in every direction, occupying the banks of sluggish bayous and 
 low-lying tracts of surpassing richness in the midst of flag, reed-covered savannas, 
 and bodies of lichen-draped timber. 
 
 NEW ORLEANS POPULATION, 339,000. 
 
 A river proverb says, "There are many cities, but only one New Orleans." This 
 is true today and yesterday. Few cities are compounded of such strange racial variants, 
 and its history is summarized as "French today, Spanish tomorrow, French again, and 
 American till now." Here are found phases of life, epochs of history, modes of 
 thought, and styles of architecture that belong wholly to the past. No other city in 
 the land so closely links the old world with the new ; nowhere else does tradition 
 seem so entirely a tale of yesterday or of last year. 
 
 19 
 
 The Southern Pacific bridge at Morgan City, Louisiana. 
 
 The Atchafalaya River makes Morgan City a water town. 
 
 A Paradise cabbage patch. 
 
 The land of Paradise makes up a cultivated Eden. 
 
 In the heart of a Louisiana cypress swamp. 
 
 Live Oak Hotel, Lake Arthur, a pleasant pleasure-place. 
 
^*^H 
 
 *; 
 
 
 THE VIEUX CARRE 
 
 This is the old square, or original city, as laid out by Bienville in 1718. Just 
 beyond the margin of his little city in the wilderness stood his country house, the 
 site now occupied by the granite custom-house erected in 1848. The founder built a 
 mansion for the Ursuline nuns, in 1727, and this survives today, the oldest building 
 in the Louisiana Purchase. To supply Napoleon with a little spending money, the 
 Louisiana country was sold to the United States, and the treaty was signed in the 
 Cabildo, or governor's house, and this survives after 150 years. 
 
 From the balcony our flag was first unfurled over the new possession, and when 
 Lafayette visited the city in 1825, the Cabildo was equipped for his use while a guest. 
 
 The balcony overlooks Jackson Square, and where "Old Hickory" was crowned 
 with flowers stands the fine equestrian statue by Clark Mills. Just across the square 
 is the French Market, built in 1813, and this should be visited in the early morning. 
 The Royal Hotel, once known as the St. Louis, is much dilapidated, but you will want 
 to see the auction blocks in the entrance hall, the circular dining-room where the 
 wealth and beauty of the South banqueted, and where royal personages from many 
 countries were entertained. 
 
 A fine figure of General Robert E. Lee stands in Lee Circle, and the old Congo 
 Square has become Beauregard Square, but holds its memories of "voodoo" rites and 
 great holiday gatherings of slaves in other days. 
 
 New Orleans, alone of all the cities, has supported a French opera company year 
 by year for over a hundred years. The Opera House is on Bourbon Street, and here 
 came immortal Jenny Lind, the elder Calve, and other celebrities, and here in her 
 glorious youth Patti sang, and every year a company of singers comes from France, 
 keeping alive the melodies of the great days that are gone. Cultivated New Orleans 
 is seen at her best in the old Opera House. 
 
 THE CITY OF TODAY 
 
 It lies just across Canal Street. This was once a "fosse" or canal of the sugar 
 plantation, and is now the great street of New Orleans, 170 feet wide, and the chief 
 avenue of shopping and trade. 
 
 The residence section, the parks, the club grounds, the beautiful boulevards, the 
 250 miles of paved streets, the shell roads in the suburbs, a visit to Lake Pontchartrain 
 and to the battleground of Chalmette, to Tulane University and other points, will 
 take some days, and if the season be winter you will realize that New Orleans is a 
 charming city and unexcelled as a winter resort. And you, with others, would travel 
 far to see its unique and famous festival of Mardi Gras. 
 
 THE HISTORIC RIVER 
 
 A great river, the Mississippi is surpassed in volume only by the Amazon, and 
 in length only by the Nile. The river is from 1,800 to 2,600 feet wide, and has a 
 depth of 200 feet. It is about 110 miles to the mouth of the majestic stream, and it 
 is pushing into the Gulf as a soil-carrier farther and farther every year. The delta 
 lands below the city are becoming very valuable. 
 
 New Orleans is the "Crescent City," because here the great river curves into a 
 nine-mile crescent. It lies below the level of Lake Pontchartrain and the Mississippi, 
 and drainage has been provided at great cost, but so wisely has it been done that 
 New Orleans is now one of the healthiest of modern cities. 
 
 You will want to see the w r harves on the city-front, and note the volume of traffic 
 which comes to the city from the Mississippi Valley. Here you will see in season 
 acres of cotton-bales, sugar-barrels, and sacks of rice, much of which comes from the 
 lands through which we have just passed. 
 
 Note, too, the Sugar and Produce Exchange as you go about the city, the handsome 
 City Hall, the United States Mint on Esplanade and old Levee Street, the great size 
 of the Custom-house, and the new office buildings and hotels which indicate the 
 expansion of business and an increasing tide of travel. 
 
 POINTS OF INTEREST ROUNDABOUT 
 
 These are many, but the visitor who can not take time for all will want to see the 
 historic battlefield, the monument commemorating General Jackson's victory, and the 
 Chalmette Cemetery. The ruins of the house where the wounded General Packenham 
 was carried are still seen. 
 
 The great Naval Dry Dock of the Government is across the river below Algiers, 
 and farther down are Louisiana oranges, sugar, rice, corn, and other products. 
 
 The Acadian country, the "Evangeline Oak," and the sugar-mills will repay a 
 special visit. The romantic part of Louisiana is reached by Southern Pacific lines. 
 The largest sugar-mill in the world is south on the river about twelve miles. 
 
 The Vault of the Army of Tennessee at New Orleans. 
 
 A relic of the French regime, the Beauregard mansion. 
 
 Loading cotton from the wharves at New Orleans. 
 
 A plantation home dating back "befo" de wall." 
 
 The dragon of the Mardi Gras carnival, New Orleans. 
 
 A glimpse of the modern New Orleans. 
 
 20 
 
An Appendix 
 
 THE SAN JOAQUIN VALLEY, CALIFORNIA 
 
 "Wayside Notes" on the Sunset Route does not include the Valley Line, and for 
 the sake of directness and simplicity it was left out of the main current of travel. 
 But 'his was the earliest route southward, and the valley itself is too near San Fran- 
 cisco, too great industrially, and too important in its promise to the homemaker to 
 be omitted, and we shall run rapidly over it. 
 
 SAN JOAQUIN VALLEY LINE 
 
 A run of twenty minutes on one of the great ferryboats of the Southern Pacific 
 which plys across the bay brings you to the waiting valley train at the Oakland Pier. 
 
 OAKLAND SAN FRANCISCO, 7 MILES. POPULATION, 230,000. 
 
 This is now the third city of the Coast, and growing rapidly. It is in the way to 
 become a great manufacturing center, having a good harbor of its own and miles of 
 deep water near shore. It is a great railway center, being on the continental side of 
 San Francisco Bay ; it has a charming location as a residence city, with a background 
 of hills just suited for fine homes, and a climate which is nearly perfection. 
 
 ALAMEDA is a neighbor on the south, a handsome little residence city. 
 
 From Oakland a line runs across the Diablo Range into the valley. It has on 
 the way the prosperous fruit towns of San Leandro, San Lorenzo, the larger town of 
 Hayward, the nursery and fruit town of Niles, where a line diverges for San Jose, 
 and beyond a charming canyon in a broad valley are Livermore and Pleasanton. Still 
 beyond is the crossing at Altamont, and we are in the San Joaquin and at Tracy. 
 Coming back to Oakland, we look at the university town, 
 
 BERKELEY SAN FRANCISCO, 9 MILES. POPULATION, 40,434. 
 
 Here is the State University, in a most beautiful natural campus. The Greek, or 
 open-air, theater here is modeled after an ancient one at Epidaurus, in Greece. The 
 university is one in the true sense of the word, and is free to both sexes. 
 
 THE BAY SHORE 
 
 The train follows the shore line for thirty miles. Richmond, a town of 10,000, is 
 the growth of a scant dozen years. Important manufacturing industries are here, and 
 at many points along the bay. At Vallejo Junction boats meet the train for Vallejo 
 and Mare Island, and for Napa Valley. Mare Island is the site of the Government 
 Navy-yard. Crockett has a large sugar refinery. Carquinez Straits is crossed at 
 Port Costa by the great ferry-boat Solano, 424 feet long, 116 feet 8 inches wide. It 
 carries thirty-six freight cars and two engines, or twenty-four passenger cars and 
 two engines. 
 
 MARTINEZ SAX FRANCISCO, 36 MILES. POPULATION, 3,000. 
 
 This is the county-seat of Contra Costa County. Benicia is opposite, across Car- 
 quinez Straits. Martinez is at the mouth of a pretty valley and watched over by 
 rounded and fruitful hills. The bay shore has Bay Point, Black Diamond, and Antioch, 
 prosperous towns with factories. 
 
 BYRON HOT SPRINGS SAN FRANCISCO, 58 MILES. 
 
 Hotel and cottages, and medicinal waters of a high repute. It is a popular resort 
 of the best class. 
 
 A feature of this country, "conspicuous afar," like Milton's Rock, is Mount Diablo, 
 3,896 feet high. 
 
 TRACY SAN FRANCISCO, 83 MILES. 
 
 LATHROP SAN FRANCISCO, 94 MILES. 
 
 Both busy junction points. We turn aside at Tracy, and at Lathrop find a kind of 
 gateway for valley travel, this point serving three lines. Touring to the left, we go 
 to STOCKTON, nine miles distant. This is a large and important town of 35,000 
 people, and is at the foot of the valley. 
 
 SACRAMENTO, the capital of the State, is fifty-seven miles from Lathrop. It is 
 on the main line from San Francisco to Ogden and from San Francisco to Portland, 
 Oregon. 
 
 I 
 13311 
 
 21 
 
 Sunset over San Francisco, looking from the bay 
 
 Busy Broadway, main thoroughfare of Oakland 
 
 Part of the mast forest of Alameda 
 
 Looking bayward from the Claremont hills, Berkeley 
 
 Berkeley residences are framed in charming settings 
 
 The main buildings at the famous spa, Byron Hot Springs 
 
 a 
 
MODESTO SAN FRANCISCO, 114 MILES. POPULATION, 4,000. 
 
 Is on the bank of the Tuolumne River, an affluent of the San Joaquin. Water for 
 irrigation is provided by a huge dam at La Grange, built and owned by farmers. It 
 cost $550,000. 
 
 TURLOCK SAN FRANCISCO, 127 MILES. POPULATION, 3,500. 
 
 An important and growing town in the very heart of the valley. From Merced a 
 railroad has been constructed up the Merced River to El Portal, at the entrance to 
 the Yosemite National Park. The Mariposa Grove of Big Trees is now reached from 
 Yosemite National Park by short stage ride. Some of these majestic trees are 350 
 feet high and are the oldest living things on earth. 
 
 A wide stretch of farming country lies back of Merced and northward as far as 
 Stockton, and is served by a branch line parallel with our route. 
 
 BERENDA SAN FRANCISCO, 178 MILES. ALTITUDE, 256. 
 
 From Berenda a branch line runs to Raymond, twenty-one miles distant. This was 
 for many years the route of the Yosemite National Park, but Yosemite is now reached 
 via Merced and the railroad up the canyon. 
 
 MADERA SAN FRANCISCO, 185 MILES. POPULATION, 2,500. 
 
 County-seat of Madera County. This county has much low-priced land, chiefly 
 owing to the lack of irrigation. Water is found near the surface, and well irrigation 
 by pumping is now developing large areas. 
 
 FRESNO SAN FRANCISCO, 207 MILES. POPULATION, 30,000. 
 
 Once a sheep pasture, now the center of a vast industry. Orchards and vineyards, 
 groves of oranges and figs, miles of raisin vineyards, square miles of wine grapes, 
 and leagues of alfalfa make the whole countryside attractive as a garden. Fresno 
 is the chief center of the raisin industry. Here also are grown the Calimyrna figs, 
 put up in better shape than the imported Smyrna. 
 
 A branch line runs from here twenty-four miles to Friant near the foothills. 
 
 WEST SIDE LINE 
 
 Going back to Tracy, we run southward through a rich country, on the west side 
 of the San Joaquin. 
 
 Crow's Landing is an early-day town. Near by is the new townsite called Patter- 
 son, a great ranch of 18,000 acres, being the foundation of a promising high-class 
 colony. 
 
 NEWMAN, further down the line, is a prosperous town, and about it and south- 
 ward for many miles the land is irrigated, much of it growing alfalfa. 
 
 LINORA, LOS BANGS, and DOS PALOS are in the midst of grazing herds 
 and alfalfa fields. The latter two are colony towns, and all are prosperous. Great 
 land holdings are passing into the hands of small farmers. 
 
 At KERMAN the railway divides, making this a junction point. It is a colony 
 center, 26,000 acres being offered for settlement. Ten thousand acres of good land 
 have been sold. In the adjacent country as in the growing town substantial improve- 
 ment shows ; 3,000 people get their mail at Kerman. Between Kerman and Fresno 
 great orchards are seen and every mile shows the productiveness of the land. 
 
 THE LOOP LINE 
 
 This runs from Fresno to a junction with the main line called Famoso, eighty- 
 seven miles south. It is the most easterly line in the valley, and reaches a rich agri- 
 cultural region, but one noted chiefly as an orange belt. 
 
 SANGER SAN FRANCISCO, 221 MILES. POPULATION, 3,000. 
 
 This is a lumber town, drawing its supplies by a great flume from the mountain 
 forests. 
 
 REEDLEY SAN FRANCISCO, 231 MILES. POPULATION, 800. 
 
 Horticulture here, vines, deciduous fruit, and oranges. 
 
 Mount Campbell district is tributary, a region of extraordinary soil, and where 
 oranges grow to perfection. 
 
 D I NUB A POPULATION, 1,500. 
 
 Is a center of alfalfa, vines, and fruit-trees. 
 
 EXETER SAN FRANCISCO, 267 MILES. ALTITUDE, 327. POPULATION, 800. 
 LINDSAY SAN FRANCISCO, 260 MILES. ALTITUDE, 319. POPULATION, 1,800. 
 
 A combined harvester in a Modesto oat field. 
 
 Where water makes the land, near Modesto. 
 
 Near Fresno roads are*shaded by tropic trees. Here are figs. 
 
 Miles of orange groves flourish at Pprterville. 
 
 A street of Fresno, center of vast vineyards and orchards. 
 
 The never failing alfalfa has a place in Fresno industries. 
 
 22 
 
PORTERVILLE SAN FRANCISCO, 276 MILES. ALTITUDE, 335. POPULATION, 2,000. 
 
 These are growing orange towns and are great producers of early oranges of 
 highest quality, and the country tributary to them is of the best. Indeed, this promises 
 to rival Redlands and Riverside as an orange district. Freedom from winds and frosts 
 makes the region almost ideal. 
 
 A branch line runs from Porterville, sixteen miles, to Springville entrance to 
 Middle Tule Canyon a good camping and fishing region. Stage and pack trail to 
 Camp Nelson, sixteen miles. 
 
 Visalia and Exeter are points of departure for the great Giant Forest, the Cali- 
 fornia Park Grove and the wonderful Kings River and Tehipite canyons. An electric 
 line runs from Exeter to Lemon Cove and connects with stage line. 
 
 VISALIA SAN FRANCISCO, 249 MILES. POPULATION, 5,000. 
 
 Midway between the loop and the main line on a cross-country road which unites 
 the two lines. It is eight miles from GOSHEN JUNCTION, and one of the oldest 
 towns in the valley. A rich moist region, seat of government for Tulare County. 
 
 HANFORD SAN FRANCISCO, 254 MILES. POPULATION, 6,000. 
 
 This prosperous town is thirteen miles west of Goshen on the branch crossing the 
 valley. Fruit, stock-raising, general farming, wheat, and alfalfa are all about. Three 
 miles westerly is the thriving fruit center called ARMONA, and five miles beyond 
 is the more important town of LEMOORE. A farther run of nineteen miles reaches 
 HURON, fifteen miles to COALINGA, and five to the terminus at ALCALDE. 
 Coalinga is the center of the largest oil-field in California. From Kerman, which we 
 left near Fresno, a short line runs to Armona. A great Spanish grant is here, the 
 Laguna de Tache, with LILLIS and HARDWICK as colony towns. 
 
 THE MAIN LINE 
 
 From Fresno southward we find within twenty-five miles, easterly, on the main 
 line, a country rich in the products of husbandry, with centers of commerce at con- 
 venient distances. These are Malaga (the aroma of its raisins detected in the name), 
 Fowler, Selma, and Traver, each the center of fruit and general farms. Below Goshen 
 Junction are 
 
 TULARE SAN FRANCISCO, 251 MILES. POPULATION, 3,000. 
 
 Seat of Tulare County, and a prosperous town. Surrounding lands are rich. 
 Tipton, Pixley, Delano, Famoso and Oil Junction. 
 
 KERX RIVER SAN FRANCISCO, 312 MILES. ALTITUDE, 410. 
 
 This is one of the most valued irrigation rivers of San Joaquin Valley; headwaters 
 of it are fed by glaciers of Mount Whitney. 
 
 BAKERSFIELD SAN FRANCISCO, 314 MILES. ALTITUDE, 415. POPULATION, 15,000. 
 
 A county town, with notable courthouse, hotels, banks, theaters, churches, and 
 business blocks. The great breadth of irrigated land about it gives assurance of future 
 prosperity. A branch line leads to Asphalto, McKittrick, and Olig, fifty miles westerly. 
 From Oil Junction a six-mile branch runs to Oil City. 
 
 CALIENTE SAN FRANCISCO, 336 MILES. ALTITUDE, 1,290. 
 
 Here we climb the Tehachapi Mountains. As the road winds through the most 
 difficult part of the range, it swings around and across its own track. The famous loop 
 is an ingenious bit of engineering. 
 
 TEHACHAPI SAN FRANCISCO, 362 MILES. ALTITUDE, 4,025. 
 
 On the summit. Grain, hay and fruit are produced and much stock. 
 
 MOJAVE SAN FRANCISCO, 382 MILES. ALTITUDE, 2,751. 
 
 Junction of Southern Pacific line into Owens Valley and through Nevada to Hazen. 
 A large mining district is tributary. 
 
 Under irrigation, the desert responds to cultivation, as will be noted about 
 ROSAMOND, LANCASTER, and PALMDALE. There is underlying artesian water 
 at LANCASTER. 
 
 SAUGUS SAN FRANCISCO, 452 MILES. ALTITUDE, 1,160. 
 
 A junction point, already noted, with the line that comes up the Santa Clara Valley 
 from the Coast Range with San Fernando and Burbank. Beyond it is Los Angeles. 
 
 23 
 
 Hanford, a prosperous farming town of the lower San Joaquin. 
 
 Prunes drying under California sunshine close to Hanford. 
 
 Plump pumpkins prophesying plenty to proprietors. 
 
 Sorting olives for particular customers is a California habit. 
 
 A road near Bakersfield, kept dustless by local oil. 
 
 Petroleum wells near Bakersfield in an unexhausted field. 
 
 
CIBOI,O RIVER, TEXAS 
 
^ 
 
 (orris ; 
 
 fMacdoel j 
 Mount Hetoronl 
 .Y O U j " 
 
 SOUTHERN PACIFIC 
 
 CALIFORNIA 
 LINES 
 
 Ma 
 
 .AltaM 
 
 LosAltos 
 
 SpringerRoad 
 
 Loyola 
 
 MontVista 
 
 Congress Spring 
 
 Quito 
 VasonaJu 
 LOS GATOS 
 
 1.WP 
 
 Estelle 
 Bernice 
 iRockwood 
 j Brawley 
 Keystone 
 
 ay ^S&S 
 
 DUO C 
 
 Alturas 
 
 / -rWtol^Ti\l <^^ 
 
 ^/^^^M^ 
 
 :SS '^>\^^^ 
 
 Fallen 
 
 Churchill 
 
 oTnompson 
 
 WabusKa 
 
 *'^K>k..i 
 
 m*tr 
 
 tS&$Bs$&L iALp ' N 5er^i?i 
 
 ^TO^VN >^-<, 
 
 ^^^^rf^s^BN 1\ 
 
 *.% 8tafir\L "Vx -fe/rt 
 
 Mina 
 <W* 
 
 Jonopah June. 
 
 ^^S^*^ ^^\ 
 
 SBBSv^CTi^A 
 
 jaf 
 
 ^Kearsarge 
 
 ' "V O 
 
 Owenyo 
 
 Heeler 
 
 MCKay^SanMi^uel 
 
 PASO ROB14S HOT SPRINGS 
 
 A e tas\ade^V,/l 0, 
 
 ma / 
 
 'LosOlivos 
 
 BARBARA 
 
 UBrown , 
 
 TpAMOSO V^ ^vRademacher 
 
 ^Saco Inyonern 
 'ilCity 
 ^BAKERSFIELD 
 
 Dearies 
 
 **X i 
 
 -m* 
 
 
 '> Wi. 
 
 m 
 
o 
 
 4P|^!;_. ___fi!BS 
 
 SOUTHERN 
 PACIFIC 
 
 TOURIST CAR LINES 
 STEAMSHIP LINES 
 
 AND CONNECTIONS 
 
 - 
 
 HAITI 
 
 SUNSET ROUTE CONNECTIONS 
 
 FOR 
 EASTERN CITIES 
 
 At New Orleans connection is made by "Sunset Route" trains with Limited and fast Express 
 
 trains to Eastern cities; also with Southern Pacific Atlantic S. S. Lines' commodious 
 
 steamships sailing for New York every Wednesday and Saturday. 
 
For information regarding railroad fares, train service, sleeping 
 car reservations, etc., address any of the following: 
 
 GENERAL, EUROPEAN AND TRANS-PACIFIC AGENTS 
 
 ANTWERP, BELGIUM, 6 Rue des Peignes Rud. Falck, General European Agent 
 
 ATLANTA, GA., 121 Peachtree Street O. P. Bartlett, General Agent 
 
 BALTIMORE, MD., 29 West Baltimore Street W. B. Johnson, District Freight and Passenger Agent 
 
 BIRMINGHAM, ALA., 1901 First Avenue O. P. Bartlett, General Agent 
 
 BORDEAUX, FRANCE, 46 Quai des Chartrous Rud. Falck, General European Agent 
 
 BOSTON, MASS., 12 Milk Street J. H. Glynn, New England Agent 
 
 BUFFALO, N. Y., n East Swan Street F. T. Brooks, District Passenger and Freight Agent 
 
 CHICAGO, ILL., 55 West Jackson Boulevard W. G. Neimyer, General Agent 
 
 CINCINNATI, OHIO, 5 East Fourth Street C. M. Evans, General Agent 
 
 DENVER, COLO., 313 Railway Exchange Building H. F. Kern, General Agent 
 
 DETROIT, MICH., 221 Majestic Building Edward A. Macon, General Agent 
 
 GENOA, ITALY, 117 Via Balbi Rud. Falck, General European Agent 
 
 HAMBURG, GERMANY, 25-27 Ferdinand Strasse Rud. Falck, General European Agent 
 
 HAVANA, CUBA, Obispo 40 A. E. Woodell, General Agent 
 
 HONOLULU, T. H., Waity Bldg Wells Fargo & Co., Owen Williams, General Agent 
 
 HOUSTON, TEX T. J. Anderson, General Passenger Agent, Sunset-Central Lines 
 
 KANSAS CITY, Mo., 101 Bryant Building A. G. Little, General Agent 
 
 LITTLE ROCK, ARK., 224 Gazette Building W. H. Wynne, Commercial Agent 
 
 LIVERPOOL, ENG., 25 Water Street Rud. Falck, General European Agent 
 
 LONDON, ENG., 49 Leadenhall St., E. C Rud. Falck, General European Agent 
 
 MEXICO CITY, MEX., Avenida Juarez, No. 12 G. R. Hackley, General Agent 
 
 NEW ORLEANS, LA J. H. R. Parsons, General Passenger Agent, M. L. & T. R. R. & S. S. Co. 
 
 NEW YORK, N. Y., 39 and 366 and 1158 Broadway. .L. H. Nutting, General Eastern Passenger Agent 
 
 OKLAHOMA CITY, OKLA C. T. Collett, Commercial Agent 
 
 PARIS, FRANCE, 20-22 Rue du Mail Rud. Falck, General European Agent 
 
 PHILADELPHIA, PA., 632 Chestnut Street R. J. Smith, District Passenger and Freight Agent 
 
 PITTSBURG, PA., Park Building, 5th Ave. and Smithfield Street G. G. Herring, General Agent 
 
 ST. Louis, Mo., 1002 Olive Street Geo. B. Hild, General Agent 
 
 TORREON, MEX., Apartado Num. 286 G. P. Mena, Traveling Freight and Passenger Agent 
 
 WASHINGTON, D. C., 905 F Street A. J. Poston, General Agent, Washington-Sunset Route 
 
 YOKOHAMA, JAPAN, 4 Water Street ) i G. H. Corse, Jr., General Passenger Agent 
 
 HONG KONG, CHINA, Kings Building ) ( San Francisco Overland Route 
 
 CHAS. S. FEE, Passenger Traffic Manager JAS. HORSBURGH, JR., General Passenger Agent 
 
 San Francisco, Cal. San Francisco, Cal. 
 
 F. E. BATTURS, General Passenger Agent 
 Los Angeles, Cal. 
 
 JNO. M. SCOTT, General Passenger Agent 
 Portland, Ore. 
 
 1 SOUTHERN PACIFIC 
 
 A-I44 (11-25-13 20M) 
 
EAST BOUND ALONG 
 
 IS. 
 
 ^ **, 
 
 a 
 
 ^^* 
 
 W 
 
 :C'-'T 
 
 
 s* 
 
 I