ill /,..«/ /,,,»■ ,-nr BIBLIOTHECA TOPOGRAPHICA BRITANNIC A. LONDON: PRINTED BY AND FOR JOHN NICHOLS, M DCC LXXX.-M DCC XC. AN T I U I T I E S I N KEN AND SUSSEX; BEING THE FIRST VOLUME OF THE BIBLIOTHECA TOPOGRAPHICA BRITANNICA. LONDON: PRINTED BY AND FOR J. NICHOLS. M DCC XC. VOL. I. c. [ iii 3 ADVERT ISEM EN 1 THE Publifher of the Bibliotheca Topographic a Britax- nica cannot difmifs the concluding Number without ex- preffing his grateful acknowledgements for the candour with which thefe Volumes have been uniformly received. The original plan of the Work, formed in the year 17 So without any ostentatious promifes -, was, to preierve, either from MSS. or by the republication of fcarce Tracts, fome valuable articles of British Topography ; to be printed in occalional Numbers, neither confined to ftated periods of time, to the fame price, nor to any given quantity of fheets : nor were they always to be adorned with cuts ; but to be paged in fuch a manner that the general articles, or thofe belonging to the feveral Counties, might form a feparate fucceiiion to bind in fuitable clafles. With fatisfaction he looks back on the ten years which have been employed in compiling and printing, when he reflects how much his .undertaking has been facilitated by the communications of Antiquaries whofe affiftance would confer honour on any publication ; and who need not here be particularized, as in general the name of the author is prefixed to the feveral arti- cles of communication. One Friend, however, it would be unpardonable not to mention ; and on the fubject of Topography it is a name of peculiar * See the Advertifement and the Queries prefixed to the " Hiftory of Tunflall." a 2 eminence. . 824 on:* iv ADVERTISEMEN T. eminence. Not only the original fuggeftion of the plan was from Mr. Gouch ; but the molt unremitting and difinterefted affiftance-has been received through the whole progrefs of this exteniive undertaking. To him are the rieartieil a knowledge- merits moft gratefully offered. To him is the Reader indebted if any thing agreeable or ufeful be found in theie Eight Quarto Volumes. Havine been hitherto, as has been faid, confined neither to time nor price, it is proper that fome paufe mould be made in a Work of men magnitude. To obviate all difficulties on this head, and that the Numbers already published may be claffed into regular Volumes, the Bibliotheca is now clofed, with the Publisher's heft thanks to the Purchafers for their indul- gence ; and not without a hope of again addreffing them in a future Work on the fubject of British Antiquities, which may be printed in uniformity with the prefent, but under a Title that mall make it entirely diftinct. jW 4,1790. J. NICHOLS; C v ] GENERAL CONTENTS O F T H E EIGHT VOLUMES. Volume I. ANTIQUITIES in KENT and SUSSEX. II. ANTIQUITIES in MIDDLESEX and SURREY. III. ANTIQUITIES in LINCOLNSHIRE. IV. ANTIQUITIES in BEDFORDSHIRE, BERKSHIRE, DERBYSHIRE, NORTHAMPTONSHIRE, STAF- FORDSHIRE, and WARWICKSHIRE. V. ANTIQUITIES in CAMBRIDGESHIRE, SUFFOLK, SCOTLAND, and WALES. VI. BIOGRAPHICAL and MISCELLANEOUS ANTI- QUITIES. VII i Villi f ANTI Q UITIE S in LEICESTERSHIRE, Vol. I. b vu 3 PARTICULAR CONTENTS. VOL. I. ANTIQUITIES in KENT and SUSSEX. N° i.Tunfall. 6. Kent ; Two Parts. 18.") Reculver, Heme, and 45. J May fie Id. 30. \ Canterbury, and Sff/«f 42. J Radigund. .3.3. Differ tation on Celts. 2$. Textus Roffenfis. VOL. II. A N T I 0_U 1 T I E S IN MIDDLESEX and SURREY. N° 5. Saint Katharine's. ' > Stoke Newington. 49. Canonbury. 27. Lambeth Palace. 39. Parijh. V O L. IV. / > Croydon. VOL. III. A N T I 0_U I T I E S IN LINCOLNSHIRE. N° 20. Spalding Society. 2. Reliquice Gale ana. ' \Croy land Abbey. A N T I I T I E S S. 29. Q.U IN BED FORDS II I R E, BERKSHIRE, DERBYSHIR E, NORTHAMPTONSH] STAFFORD SHIRE, AND WARWICKSHIRE. N° 13. Great Coxwell. 16. ColleEIions for Berkjhirc. 26. f Puddington, Luton, Dun- 44..[Jlapk, IVimmington, Ode 11. 40. Fotheringay. 17. Black Book of Warwick. 21. Ecclejhall Manor & Cajlle. 32. Bo/f over and Peak Cajlles. 24. Pfgge on Roman Roads. VOL V. A N T I Q^U I T I E S IN SUFFOLK, CAMBRIDGE, SCOTLAND, and WALES. N° 23. Hawfted. 52. Elmefzvell and Campfey. Barnwell Abbey, and Stourbridge i 3. Old Aberdeen. 47. Srf/Vtf .Rz^'j Chapel. $6. Roman Arms in Scotland. 3— •—' 38. { 5/ Zetland lflands. 9. Holy head. V O L. via CONTENTS. VOL. VI. BIOGRAPHICAL and MISCELLANEOUS ANTIQUITIES. 4' 1 Memoirs of Hawkivood. 19. J 1 5. Sir Simonds D'Eives. 3 1 . Memoirs of Cromwell. 34. Memoirs of Mr. Hutchins. 35. Coinage of England. 28. Suffragan B'Jbops. 41. Infcriptions on Churches. a f Fragments of Englifh and 4 *'t Infh Bfio'ry. V O L. VII. and VIII. A N T I 0_U I T I E S IN LEICESTERSHIRE. N°7 r Hinckley, Stoke, Dadlinpon, 45 Wykin, The Hyde, Aft ok Flamvile, Burbach, Sketch- ley, Smockington, Horeflon and Leicefler Granges. 50. CoLLEcnoNs/or^TowN and County a/Leicester. 51. Additional Collect ions for the Town and County of Leicester- AN TI- [ xi ] GENERAL CONTENTS OF THE FIRST VOLUM E. T* Mr. Mores's Hiftory and Antiqutiesof Tunstall ; containing VI Plates. II. Mr. Banister's Appendix to Tun stall. III. Mr. Thorpe's Illuftration of Kentish Antiquities; Two Parts ; XIII Plates. IV. Mr. Duncombe's Hiftory and Antiquities of Reculver and Herne ; VIII Plates. V. Mr. Pridden's Appendix to Reculver and Herne ; Mr. Denne on Mayfield Palace, &c. VIII Plates. VI. Mr. Duncombe's Hiftory and Antiquities of the Three Archiepiscopal Hospitals in and near Canterbury; X Plates. VI. Hiftory and Antiquities of St. Radigund near Dover ; Mr. Douglas on the Urbs Rutupise of Ptolemy ; Memoirs of Mr. Lambarde, Sec VIII Plates *. VIII. Mr. Douglas's Gbfervations on the Brass Celts of the Antients found in this Ifland ; II Plates. * Two of thefe, Plates VII. and VIII. are now fitft added in N^ LU. C 2 JO BIBLIOTHECA TOPOGRAPHICA B R ITANNICA. N° L CONTAINING i. Queries for the better Illuftrating the Antiquities and Natural Hiftory of Great Britain and Ireland. 2. The Hiftory and Antiquities of Tunstall in Kent. By the late Mr. Edward Rowe Mores » LONDON, PRINTED FOR J. NICHOLS, PRINTER TO THE SOCIETY OF ANTI QJJ ARIES: SOLD BY T. PAYNE AND SOX, CASTLE STREET, ST. MARTINS; H. PAYNE, IN PALL-MALL; C. DILLY, IN THE POULTRY; J.WALTER, CHARING-CROSS; N. CONANT, FLEET-STREET; and E. BROOKE, BELL-YARD, TEMPLE-BAR. MDCCLXXX. MONG the various Labours of Literary Men, there have always been certain Fragments whofe Size could not fecure them a general Exemption from the Wreck of Time, which their intrinfic Merit entitled them to furvive ; but, having been gather- ed un by the Curious, or thrown into Mifcellaneous Collections by Bookfellers, they have been recalled into Exiftence, and by uniting; together have defended themfelves from Oblivion. Original Pieces have been called in to their Aid, and formed a Phalanx that might withdand every Attack from the Critic to the Cheefemonger, and contributed to the Ornament as well as Value of Libraries. With a fimilar View it is here intended to prefent the Publick with fome valuable Articles of British Topography, from printed Books and MSS. One Part of this Collection will con G ft of Republications of fcarce and curious Tracts ; an- other of fuch MS. Papers as the Editors are already polTefTed of, or may receive from their Friends. It is therefore propofed to publifh a Number occafionally, not confined to the fame Price or Quantity of Sheets, nor always adorned with Cuts ; but paged in fuch a Manner, that the ge- neral Articles, or thofe belonging to the refpective Counties, may form a feparate Succefilon, if there mould be enough pub- lifhed, to bind in fuitable ClalTes ; and each Tract will be com- pleted in a {ingle Number. Into this Collection all Communications confident with the Plan will be received with Thanks. And as no Correfpondent will be denied the Privilege of controverting the Opinions of another, fo none will be denied Admittance without a fair and impartial Reafon. QUERIES PROPOSED TO The Nobility, Gentlemen, Clergy, and others, of Great Britain and Ireland, With a view of obtaining, From their Anfwers refpedting the Places of their Refidence, The moil perfed Account of the Antiquities and Natural History of thofe Kingdoms. a 2 [ i 1 ADVERTISEMENT. AS there is no fcience which is not capable of being facili- tated by general rules, that of Antiquity fo far as it relates to the illuftration of our national Topography and Hiftory, however ably purfued by thole great names who have written our beft County Hiftories, may ftill be forwarded, by fuggeft- ing even to the moll incurious obferver mbjects worthy his no- tice, and the communication of which to others may yield the double benefit of inftruction, both to the antiquary and the citizen. A kind of analyfis of ecclefiaftical, civil, and natural hiftory has been held out in different forms by feveral gentlemen, who have employed themielves in collecting county hiftories in the prefent century. The nrft idea feems to have been fuggefted by the celebrated Edward Lhuyd, who printed a folio meet undated, intituled, " Parochial Queries in order to a Geographical Dictionary, a Na- " tural Hiftory, &c. of Wales. By the Undertaker. E. L." Francis Peck purfued it for England in Queries which he circulated for the natural hiftory and antiquities of Leicefter and Rutland lhires, in a fingle folio ilieet, 1729; many of which are too trivial to defer ve notice. Anthony Hammond, efq. published a very fhort " Inquilitio Parochialis," 1731, in the " Republic of Letters," vol. VII. p. 228. Thefe were followed on a more enlarged plan by Mr. Blom- field, in Queries circulated for a hiftory of Norfolk, 1736; Mr. Hutchins for Dorfet, 1739; the prefent dean of Exeter, for Devon, foon after ; Mr. Walwyn circulated fome very brief ones for Herefordihire, 1749. Dr - Rawlinfon (in what year does not appear) circulated queries for a defcription of Oxford- fhire, but obtained accounts only of two parifhes. a ^ [ a 1 The Dublin Society prefixed a fet, principally in natural hiftory, to their. hiftory of the county of Down, 1744, 8vo. Thefe were taken up by Dr. Burton, 1758, who accompanied them with an excellent fcheme and propofals for illuftrating the county of York, a let of additional queries for civil and ec- clefiaftical hiftory, and the hiftory of the parifh of Heming- borough;— a proper fpecimen for the Northern part of the kino-dora. Mr. Mores circulated a fet of Queries through Berk- shire, 17 59) in order to facilitate his perambulation previous to his defign of writing a hiftory of that county. One would have thought fuch a plan mould have originated from the Society of Antiquaries, did we not know, however extraordi- nary the avowal, that fuch a plan has noplace in their fyftem,nor, if held out by any individual, has any fupport from their patro- nage as a body, however liberally affifted by particular mem- bers. It will not therefore feem furprizing if this Society, or rather the induftrious Mr. Theobald in their name, did not put out fuch queries till after fo many collectors for county hif- tories had let the example. Still lefs mall one wonder that their enquiries met with fo imperfect a return, or that the inquifitive and public fpirited compiler Mr. Edward Cave caught hold of their Queries, and gave them more general circulation in his Magazine for April 1755. In anfwer to them he obtained fhort defcriptions of five or fix pariihes, which if not fo full as might have been wiihed, yet fhewed how fuch re- turns might be made ; while Mr. Theobald obtained only a defcription of one place in Berkihire, if he did not draw it up himfelf. Mr. Pennant, in 177 1, applied the Society's Queries to the il- luftration of Scotland, where his laudable enquiry met with fuitable returns, and he has certainly kindled a fpirit of en- quiry among the natives, which it were to be v.iihed might be faid of the lifter kingdom, after what the Phyfico-Hifto- 4 rical [ iii ] rical Society at Dublin have attempted there, who to 4000 fets of Queries obtained but forty anfvvers. The laft propofer of Queries for England was Mr. George Allan, of Darlington, in his " Addrefs and Queries for the Palatinate of Durham, 1774." 4to. An unfortunate member of the Society of Antiquaries at- tempted the fame year to intereft that learned body in the remit of their own Queries, which he reprinted in 121110 fize ; but the extravagance of his ideas on this fubject was fufficient to link his defign. It were as abfurd as ungenerous in any man to claim an excluiive right in meafures calculated for the extenlion of knowledge, efpecially when intended for individuals to avail themfelves of the returns for the moft univerfal ufe, not to confine themfelves to particular efTays, fet off in all the ele- gance of language for a work which rejects enlarged delcrip- tions of places, or hiftorical narratives, becaufe perhaps inca- pable of being firft read in public, or of affording entertainment to a mifcellaneous and polite audience. To this miitaken policy we might afcribe it that lb many curious communi- cations have been fmothered ; and we may venture to augur the refufal of more which will obtrude themfelves upon the public eye in fome other channel. Truth of every kind will find its way in this inquifitive age ; and though reipcctable focieties, with all the caution of flatefmen, or the prudence of antient virgins anxious for their chaftity, declare they are not anfwerable for the errors -or ablurdities of their members in the very moment of publishing them, thefe errors and ab- furdities will be detected and expofed without referye, and with greater warmth, by obfeurer perfons envious of ill-acquired fame, injured by the lofs of priority in dilcovery, or con- cerned to facrifice hypothefis, prejudice, or falie philolbphy, on the altars of experiment, truth, and common fenfe. The [ iv ] The following Queries are intended to comprehend all that have before been circulated, fomewhat differently modified and enlarged. Eut after all his care the republifher is fenfible they want the recommendation of novelty, and earneitly willies to fee the plan enlarged as well as anfwered. He anticipates too the difap- pointment of their former editors ; fome by receiving no anfwer at all ; fome by being overloaded with minute particulars ; yet he cannot help flattering himfelf, that as he has made ufe of all the lights that have been held out before him, the fubject is now fet in fo full a point of view, that fome gentlemen of leifure may be ftill affifted in their enquiries, by having their path fo minutely marked out. Thofe to whom the firft part of thefe Queries may feem uninterefting will, it is hoped, make a pro- per ufe of the fecond, to improve our commerce and manufac- tures from the fources which nature has placed among our- felves, and within every man's reach. But if at laft the editor ihould find himfelf difappointed in every expectation, he will acquiefce in the mortification which fo many greater names have experienced before him ; confcious of the purity and difinte- reftednefs of his own intentions, and the fallibility of the fondeft human willies. It is obvious that the Anfwers to many Queries in the fecond part muft depend on long practice and obfervation ; and it is to be prefumed perfons will be candid enough, as well as fuffi- ciently attentive to their own reputation, not to obtrude hafty or ill-founded obfervations on the public, for whofe fole be- nefit this defign is propofed. May 4, 1780. Queries [ v J Queries propofed to the Nobility, Gentlemen, Clergy, and others, of Great Britain and Ireland ; With a view of obtaining, from their Anfwers reflecting the Places of their Refidcnce, a more perfecl Account of the Antiquities and Natural Hi/lory of thofe Kingdoms than has yet appeared. The Anfwers to be addreffed to the Editor of the Biblioti-ieca Topographica Britannic a, to the Care of J.Nichols, Printer, Red-Lion-PafTage, Fleet-Street, post paid. i. \\ /"HAT is the antient and modern name of the parifh, * * and its etymology ? 2. What is its diftance from the hundred town, county town, or next market town ? 3. By what parifhes is it bounded, E. W. N. and S.? and what are its length and breadth ? 4. What diftance is it from London and the chief towns round, and what is the price of carriage per hundred weight ? 5 . What is the extent of the parifli ? 6. What number of hamlets, villages, town mips, chapelries, inn-ihips, diftric"ts, wards, are in it ? their names and fituation ? and to what divifion, hundred, liberty, or conftabulary be- longing ? 7. What are the number of its houfes and inhabitants of every kind, and of its teams ? Lift of freeholds and copyholds, and their holders ? 8. What number of perfons have been married, chrirtened, and buried, for the fpace of 20 years laft paft, compared with the firft 20 years of the regifter? When did the regifter begin? Are any curious remarks made therein? 9. What manors are or were in it, and who are or were lords thereof? 10. What are the names and qualities, arms and defcent, of their proprietors ? b 11. Are [ vi ] 1 1 . Are there any particular cuftoms or privileges, or remark- able tenures, in any of the manors in the parifh ? What courts, and their cuftoms ? What exempt jurifdidrions civil or ecclefiaftical ? 12. What caftle, fort, ancient manor or manfion houfe, feat, villa, or other remarkable buildings, are or have been in the parifh ? and the dimenfions of their largeit apartments or galleries? 13. What coats of arms, infcriptions, dates, or other orna- ments and figures, are or were carved or painted in and about any of their buildings ? 15. In what manor, diocefe, deanry, and hundred, does the church ftand? 16. Is it dedicated to any faint ? When and by whom was it built, of what materials, and has it a tower orfpire? 18. What are its dimenfions, number of ailes, chapels, and bells ? 19. Are there any ancient or modern monuments, grave- ftones, or brafs plates ? and what infcriptions and arms in the church, chancel, or fleeple, or on the bells, plate, chefts, pews, fcreens, &c. or, in the church-yard ? Are the font, altar-piece, or plate, remarkable ? Or, are there any other remains of antiquity ? 20. Are there any painted figures, arms, or infcriptions, in the windows ? 2 1 . Are there any tables of benefactions, or other infcriptions which are worthy notice, painted or carved in or about the church, within or without? or any parochial library in the church or parfonage ? 22. What chantries, altars, fhrines, lights, images, gilds, or roods, appear to have been in the church ; or what privileges and indigencies annext to it ? What reliques, miracles, and legends ? 23. Are there any vaults or burial-places peculiar to any an- cient or other families ? and what extraordinary interments or prefervation of bodies ? 24. Is [ vii ] . 24. Is the living armory, vicarage, donative, or fmccure? 25. Are the computed worth of the living and its rate in the King's books rightly ftated in Edon's Thefaurusr 26. Who are, or h -en, patrons? 27. Who are, or have been, incumbents as far back as you can trace? and were any of them remarkable for their writ- ings, fufferings, or other particulars ? of what univerfity or col- lege, what their degrees and preferments, and where buried ? 28. Are there any lands belonging to the glebe or vicarage, or any copy of the endowment, or any terrier ? Has it been aug- mented by queen Anne's bounty ? What are the firft-fruits, tenths, fynodals, procurations and penfions paid out of the profits ? 29. Who is polTefTed of the great tithes ? what may their re- puted value be: and is any modus paid thereout, and to whom? 30. Is there any chapel of eafe in the parifh ? how is it fup- ported ? and who are, or have been, incumbents ? and of what value may the cuie be fuppofed ? 31. What charities or benefactions belong to the parifh ? v>hen and by whom given ? how improved, or how loft ? 32. Are there any Diffenting or other meeting-houfes, or Popifh chapels ? and what number of each perfuafion may be In the parifh ? 33. Are there any colleges, alms-houfes, free or other fchool, or hofpital; by whom and when founded, for how many objects, and whether abuied or loft ; or the prefent ftate ? 34. Have there been any abbies, priories, friaries, nunneries, hermitages, fanctuaries, or other religious houfes ; or are there any remains or ruins of them ? by whom founded, and to whom granted ? what charters, cartularies, ledger-books, rentals, ftatutes, deeds, wills, obituaries, bede-rolls, or other writings, feals, habits, ihrines, or other fragments, belonging to any church, monaftcry, chantry, gild, hofpital, fchool, or other charity ? 35. Are there any crofTes or obelifks, inferibed or carved ftones, circles of rude {tones, fingle ftones on hillocks, or othcr- b 3 a\ iic, [ viii ] wife, hollows wrought into rocks, fingle flones placed horizontally or over one another, or any beacons, in the parifh ? 36. Are there any barrows or tumuli, or extraordinary mounts ? have any been opened, and what has been found therein ? 37. Are there any Roman, Saxon, or Dani/b caftles, forts, camps, roads, ditches, banks, pits, or other extraordinary earth- works, or pieces of antiquity remaining in your parifh ; and what traditions or hiftorical accounts are there of them ? 38. Have there been any vaults, pavements, urns, pieces of pottery, lamps, weapons, armour, feals, rings, buckles, odd pieces of metal, ftatues, bulls, carvings, altars, images, coins, or other pieces of antiquity, Roman, Saxon, Danifh, or other, or bones of extraordinary fize, dug up in your parifh ; when and by whom ; and in whofe cuftody are or were they ? 39. Have there been any remarkable battles fought, on what fpot, by whom, when, and what traditions are there relating thereto ? or what the fufferings or adventures of the clergy or sentrv in the civil wars ? 40. Have any councils, fynods, parliaments, or other meetings, civil or religious, been held in it ? 41. Have you any wake, Whit fun ale, doles, or other fuch cuftoms, ufed in the parifh ; or any annual or other proceffions or perambulations ? 42. What markets or fairs are kept in the parifh ; what commodities are chiefly brought for fale ; are they the manu- factures or produce of the country, live cattle, or other things ; what toll is paid, and to whom ? 43. Is there any feature fair for hiring of fervants, and how long has it been eftablifhed ? What are the ufual wages for men and maid fervants, &c. for each branch of hufbandry? 44. Are there any manufactures carried on in the parifh, and what number of hands are employed ? What rare pieces of art have been invented or made by any of the parifhioners ? 45. What [ ix ] 45. What is generally a day's wages for labourers in husban- dry and other work ; and what for carpenters, bricklayers, maibns, or other mechanics, &x. ? 46. What are, or have been, the prices of provifions, beef, veal, mutton, lamb, pork, pigs, geefe, ducks, chicken, rabbits, butter, cheefe, &c. ? 47. What is the annual rent or value of the lands or houfes in the parifh, or rownfhip ? what is the poor's rate in the pound communibus annis ? and how much land-tax is paid at 4s. in the pound ? 48. What common, or quantity of wafte land, may be in the parifh? 49. Are there any forefts, chaces, parks, or warrens; of what extent, number of deer, &c. ? any heronries, decoys, or filheries ? 50. What is the ufual fuel? is it coal, wood, heath, furze, turf, or peat ? and the prices paid on the fpot? 51. Is there any great road leading through the parifh, and from noted places ? 52. Do any rivers, or brooks, or navigable canals, rife in or run through the parifh ? when and on what terms were the acls for making them navigable obtained ? what fort of boats are ufed on them, and what is the price of carriage per hundred or ton to your parifh ? 53. What bridges, when, and by whom built, of what ma- terials, what number of piers or arches, the length and breadth of the bridge, and width of the arches ? are they fupported by private or public coft? 54. Has the parifh given birth or burial to any man eminent for learning, or other remarkable or valuable qualifications ? 55. What particular games, fports, cuitoms, proverbs, or peculiar words or phrafes, or names of places, perfons, animals, vegetables, or things, are ufed; and what notions or traditions obtain among the common people ? $6. Arc [ s ] 56. Are there, in any of the gentlemen's or other hoiifc, any pictures which give inlight into any historical fads, or any portraits of men eminent in art, feience, or literature ; any ftatues, buftos, or other memorial, which will give any light to pail: transactions ? or what manufcripts in any language, books of arms, pedigrees, lives, fignatures, patents, diplomas, peram- bulations, fuiveys, plans, pictures or drawings of any per- fons, buildings or views relating to the parilh, in the poffeffion of any perfon in the parifh, or their acquaintance ? To thefe Queries if applied to Cities, Market, or Corporate 'Towns, may be added others reflecting their hiftory, founda- tions, ftreets, buildings, walls, gates, churches, wards, parifhes, charters, privileges, immunities, corporations, companies, gilds, government, and lift of mayors, meriffs, recorders, reprefenta- tives, electors, bifhops, deans, and other cathedral members; rates, taxes, trade, manufactures, lieges, accidents by fire, or otherwise. Queries relating to the Natural History of the Parish. 1. II J HAT is the appearance of the country in the parifh; is * » it flat or hilly, rocky, cr mountainous, open or incloied ; and the terms and mode of modern inclofing ? 2. Do the lands confiffc of woods, arable, pafture, meadow, heath, or what ? 3. Are they fenny or rnoorifh, boggy or firm, fertile or barren ? 4. Is there land, clay, chalk, ftone, gravel, loam, or what is the nature of the foil? 5. Have you any marble, moorftone, lime-ftone, free-ftone, ftone for building, coal, ilate, pipe-clay, brick-clay ? how is it got out, and how worked ? 6. What minerals, falts, ochres, chalks, clays, marles, molds, earths, fands, gravels, flints, pebbles, Sec. does the foil contain ? 7. Is [ ad ] 7. Is there any marl, fullers earth, potters earth, or loam, or any other remarkable foils ? 8. Are there any bitumen, naphtha, alum, calamine, blai lead, bifmuth, mercury, antimony, or other fubftances of that nature, found in the earth ? 9. What ftrata of foil do they meet with on digging wells or other openings, and at what depth ? 10. What petrifactions or foffils, either flone or wood, are found in the parifh, and in what ftrata ? Are there any figured mes, fuch as echinitce, belemnitas, Sec; any having the im- preflion of plants or nth, or any foflil marine bodies, fuch as fhells, corals, 8cc. or any petrified parts of animals ; any trans- parent pebbles, cryitallizations, or any fubftances otherwife re- markable ; or fofhl-trees, nuts, &c. ? 1 1. Are there any mines? to whom do they belong, and what do they produce; their courfe and depth, the manner of working, and what obfervations have been made on them, or accidents by damps or otherwife ? and what are the laws and cuftoms of thefe feveral mines ? 12. How low do the fprings lye, and what fort of water do you meet with in the feveral parts of the parifh ? 13. Are there any periodical fprings, which rife and fall, ebb and flow, and at what feafons, or bury themfelves under ground, or petrify and incruft, or produce any other extraordinary effects ? 14. Are there any mineral fprings, frequented or not; at what feafons of the year reckoned beft, and what diitempers are they frequented for ? What are their qualities, virtues, weight, and analyhs ; and what cures attefted or wrought by them ? 15. Are there any hot waters or wells for bathing, and for what diftempers frequented? any wells or ftreams formerly accounted holy ? 16. Are there any lakes, meers, pools, or water-falls; what their depth and height ; where do they rife, and whither do they run ? 17. Are 17. Are there any fubterraneous rivers, which appear in one place, then fink into the earth, and rife again ? 18. Are there any mills on the rivers, and to what ufes are they employed ? 19. What is the proportion of arable, and meadow or pafture? 20. What are the chief produce of the lands, and in what proportion ? 21. What is the general price paid for lands, arable, meadow, palmre, &c. 22. What fort of manure is chiefly ufed for the land, and what is the price of it on the fpot ? .23. What are the methods of tillage ; what forts of ploughs, and other inft ruments of hufbandry are ufed ; or have any new methods of cultivation been introduced? 24. What experiments have been made in agriculture, gar- dening, or the management of orchards, vineyards, hop-grounds, woods, or underwoods, cattle, poultry, bees, or fifli-ponds ? 25. Does the parifh produce any quantities of timber, of what fort ; and what are the prices on the fpot per load or ton ? 26. What trees thrive beft, or are molt common ? 27. What plants, fhrubs, grains, moffes, graffes, trees, fruits, flowers, are peculiar or molt common ? what ufes are they applied to, and what their virtues ? 28. Are there any and what quantities of faffron, woad, teazels, or other vegetables of that fort, growing in the pariih ; and what prices do they fell for on the fpot ? 29. Are there any hop or cherry gardens, or vineyards? and what is the price of their produce on the fpot ? 30. Are there any apple or pear orchards in the pariih ; what kind of cyder or perry is made, and at what fold for per hogfhead on the fpot ? 31 . Is the pariih remarkable for breeding any cattle of re- markable qualities, colour, fize, value, or number, and how fold ; with other general obfervations ? • 3 2 « Are [ *& 1 32. Arc any -quantities -of flieep raifed or fed in the parifh ; and on what do they chiefly feed ? 33. What is the nature of the air ; is it moid or dry,, clear or foggy ; healthy, or fubject to produce agues, fevers,' or other diforders ; and at what time is it reckoned moil lb, and by what probable caufe ? 34. A regifter of weather and general ftate of the air for one year at leaft, kept by different perfons, with incidental remarks, on the plan of " The Naturalifts Journal," by the lion. Daines Barrington. 35. What are the kinds of birds, infects, or reptiles, com- mon or rare ? 36. What forts of fifli do the rivers produce, what quantities, what are their prices on thefpot, and in what feafons are they befl ? 37. What is the height of the mountains or hills, and what obfervations have been made on them ? 38. Are there any remarkable caves or grottos, or other open- ings in the earth, natural or artificial ? 39. Are the people of the country remarkable for make, fize, ftrength, complexion, longevity, or any bodily or natural qualities ? or have there been any exceptions to the general rules in their feveral cafes ? 40. What itrange accidents, wonderful events, or extraordinary difeafes and cures, have happened ; or uncommon deaths, dif- coveries of murder, apparitions ; what legends and traditions ob- tain about them, or what their atteftation ? 41. Is any part of the parifh fubject to inundations or land floods, or to be overwhelmed by torrents of fand, and their effects ? 42. Hath there been any remarkable mifchicf done by thun- der and lightning, ftorms, whirlwinds, or earthquakes ? 43. Are there any remarkable echoes ? 44. Have any remarkable phenomena or meteors been ob- ferved in the air? c [ xiv ] If 'the PariJJj is on the Sea Coast. 45. Is the more flat, fandy, high, or rocky, and the en- croachment or returns of the fea on it? 46. What are the courfes of the tides on the fhore, or out at fea, the currents at a mile's diftance, and other things worthy remark. ? 47. What kind of fifti are caught there, in what quantity, at what prices fold, when molt in feafon, how taken, and to what market fent ? 48. What number of fifliing veffels, of what fort, how navi- gated, and what number of hands are therein the pariih. ? 49. How many ihips,and of what burthen, belong to the pariih? 50. What are the names of the creeks, bays, harbours, head- lands, fands, rocks, or iilands, near the coaft? 51. What fea animals, plants, fponges, corals, fhells, &c. are found on or near the coaft ? 52. Aie any remarkable fea weeds ufed for manure, or curious on any other account ? ^3. Are there any remains of piers, camps, batteries, block- houfes, or other works, on the cliffs or fhore; or any extraor- dinary caverns under them ? 54. Have there been any remarkable battles or fea fights near the coaft, any remarkable wrecks or accidents, which can give light to any hiftorical fads ? ;5« What light-houfes, or beacons ? 3 . [ IB ] PREFACE. npWO reafons have induced the Editors to open their work -■- with the following fragment of our topographical anti- quities: its intrinlic merit as to the manner in which it is executed, which may make it ierve as a plan for parochial de- fcriptions, and the motive which led its compiler to draw it up. It was Mr. Mores's birth-place ; his father had been rector many years, and the pariih. registers were drawn up on a plan conformable to the ideas of our induftrious antiquary, and confident with his endeavours to make even the minuteit record fubfervient to the great plan of national hiftory. In this view he published his " Nomina 8c Infignia gentilitia no- *' bilium equitumq; fub Edvardo primo rege militantium," the oldeit treafure, as he ftyles it, of our nobility after Domefday and the Black book of the Exchequer, comprehending both their titles and their arms, neither of which were clafTed in any other regifters till the inititution of the Heralds College under Richard III. From the utility of fuch a record, the tranfition is obvious to every fubordinate aid, from funeral monuments, parifli re- gifters, arms interfperfed on or about building?, 8cc. The ie- cond of thefe were firft inftituted by Thomas lord Cromwell, who, after the tranfports of reformation were a little fubfided, could not but recollect the ufe of monaftic regifters and obi- tuaries. It will admit of a doubt, whether thefe were fo ex- tenlivcly ufeful as the regifterof the meaner! parifli at prefent: a bin iv PREFACE. but that the raoft copious parifh regifter is capable of im- provement we need only conlult Mr. Bigland's excellent tradf. on the fubjedr, where the plan of fuch improvement is fb largely difcufled. What effect penalties have had to make the entries in thefe regifters exadt, let the feveral adts of parliament from 1538 to 6 and 7 William III fpeak*. Modern epitaphs are much more genealogical than antient ones, and in innumerable inftanccs defcents fapply the place of eulogies. Thefe might be entered in regifters, and whatever particulars of the parties buried, or of parochial hiftory, an 111- duftrious incumbent or his reprefentative could pick up. Great confuiion of names might be prevented by attending to difi. tindlions in baptifmal and marriage entries. Thefe particulars Mr. Mores had the fatisfaclion to find in fome degree attended to in Tunstall regifters, of which he gave the following extract in the dedication to his book before cited, p. xKvii. " Pre fata fere omnia (fays he) in reg-iitro de lunjiall in com. " Cane, aliquatinus obiervata vides: quoe licet fit villa tantum, w &; nunc propter illicitam redtoris per decern annos abfentiam " vix digna facerdotali varietur incola, fuit ampliiTimarum olim " familiarum habitaculum, prout monumenta plurima, plurima " in feneftris depidfa iniignia adhuc ibidem vilenda, pluri- " morum etiam facrilege direptorum reliquiae palam common- " ftrabunt. " Exemplar regiftri ex mente mea componencli hoc efto; e " Tunftallenfi decerptum & meis additamentis audlum. 1538 $$t ©virion 3!cnninges pacfon cf SDunUaJl toas barteD.2 t?ov. [J11 ^ \tft befnno i)im tins manendi on tijc tt-Jls of tlje cclumbarsf belonging to tl;e parfonage: * Nafti's Wore. I. 207. •{- Which prol al Ij he built. 1538. PREP A C E. v S>. 3fettptt£: pries pout Hup.] 1539 feir cailliam Crotomcr kt oica 20 Jul. \na toas buried 2 1 : t i • : . (je was fo?i cf feu- J mes Cr. fee, $ tos fe&crifl . nt in tlje peai • 1545 . SCl til. IvjUjc [fen of feu : SCbc Roioe >. Da I ... . am fct] luas borne uppon fet Stomas eafon being Che rni \, .1 1545. Ejts 5oSfatljers feir QStUtam Cocke: ? ajr. fiEUlliam flatting, gi L 8 ■' Stone jBargite^ bis goamot&er. [ex MS to penes me.] 1556 Blames 2Coiigc, a scot; bjjtofe&olaer, agca 71, ana tootrt^s ct perpetual memorp, mas burfea Jo . 1 56 1 William Crammer efq; [foit offer William Cr. kt.] f Gli?. aatigbtcr of feu 3jo!).'t ©uiiDefore kt, toeremarriea at H&mg&ton SJ&allarae 1 oa. 156: Barnes foil of uclilliam [$ eitj.j Ccommec tous born, baftifca ana btirica 25 Maij. 1568 3jojbti 2Cong Tfon of SElili. 3D. of Mffotk in rhie parifl;,] ana pbrllis HSull [of tyjftlton] ujrrc marruo 10 Jan. 1569 Blames Con of William >$ C-hj.JCrofomer Uus barn 24 Dec. 1584 Cljriffopherits Wcbbrs &. £.. 15. filiae Bio!'. ". Be <2JiUingl>am in cent. Cane, armigeri, in Coll. %:ti Job. Cantabr. (ut opinor) raucatuf,] rector ccelefiae SDunfraUcnfia, [ljue namiffas per msrtcm pct.-t jgott recforis ulfimi qui 10 Oft, 15 '4 elite, inatlCtUS « i' menf. ann. ab collattts die nunf. an . ] legit artjtulos illi ab iegen^nm injunrtos 21 Febr. |>ora precttm mati tmar im, auaitnfibus omnibus pauc'his ann. L>. k. Cli?. 27. cojam bis tcfribuc fubfttiftis - 7 CcJtil. Crotome?. Waif. Iparlasenoen. Win. Conge. feinr. ©01106. t otbci ■■» 1597 jfrances [asug&. of 33^1 feomcrs, c(q-, ana] wife cf Bfames Crofomcr, efq 5 oic?3 [in cfjtlabea] 27 Apr. 1598 William Creamier, efq ; juff ire of tfjc peace 1 qnoronr, Biea ia Maij,agca 7, ar.D toa3 bw iea Bflj, : ^en. fan of Salter y feuf ^arlakenaen [cf Effion in v. i was bttrica 1 8 Oft. being flaine 1 5 of tbe fame month. totoarBiS ebenii - 27.*] lepi . ; . 4 s - 161 .- vi P 11 E F A G E. 1613 &ir James Crotomer [fit. foil of &r CStlliam ano <£lt% Cr. 1 high ffjcriff cf this counts in the 2D rear of foreign of his prefent maj.] DteD 27 Mart. [ageD 44] ano teas bunco 3 Apr. [unto! a noble monument, lit fbc chapel on the §>. ftoc of the chance!, reprcfenttng foe ffarucs of himfelf mm E>ame Martha his fceonb laop prating before an altar : in the fame attttuDc are re* prefenteo, tmDer £>r games, JFrances his el&cff tmnghtcr bB a former toifc ; unDcr latnj Martha, Clifabctb, S^artha t Chritfian their other daughter* : toith tljcfc tnferipttons *." Mr. Mores the fame time gives due pratfe to two vicars who had inierted a feries of their predeceffors in their regifters with memoirs of their lives : Mr. Johnfon, vicar of Cranbrook, and Dr. Saunders, vicar of Blockley in Worcefter diocefe; to whom we may add Dr. Oakes, rector of Long Melford, Suffolk, who caufed the names of all the preceding rectors he could colledl from 1309 to himfelf to be inferibed on two marble tablets fixed up on each lide of the chancel above the reach of injury. So much may fuflice for the original defign of this little hif- tory. In its execution Mr. Mores may be fairly prefumed to have exerted all that the dulcedo natalis foil calls forth. He pro- feffes to have drawn his materials chiefly from printed books. Had the compiler of the general hiftory of that county, of which Tunitall makes fo fmall a part, confined himfelf only to thofe fources, how much would he have improved that long- expected and voluminous work! But had he penetrated more intimately (for, notwithstanding the profeffion of the preface, fearce any fuch appear among his authorities) into the xsipfaict of records, inquiiitions, chartularies, regifters, and that fund of materials which are open to every diligent inveftigator, what a hiftory of KENT, that county of Britain to which her firft invader pays fuch a compliment, would have arifen under the pen of Mr. Hasted! As inferted in p. So, Si. 7 T H E THE HISTORY and ANTIQUITIES O F TUNSTALL, CHAP. I. Of the Village of Tunftall, its Situation and Extent. THE village of Tunftall lies about the middle of the north fide of Kent, agreeably and healthfully fituated upon a rifing fpot of ground, and over fundry towns, villages, rivers, and the ifle of Shepey lying beneath, it has a delightful profpect of the ocean, diftant about i o miles. According to the civil divifion of this county, Tunftall is placed in the bailiwic and hundred of Milton, lathe of Scray, eaft divi- fion of the county, and upper divifion of juftices in that lathe (a); and, according to the ecclefiaftical divifion of the county, is in the deanry of Sittingbourne, and diocefe of Canterbury (b). Tunftall is furrounded by the parifhes of Sittingbourne, Mil- ftead, Bredgar, Borden, and Milton, (from the market-town of which name it is diftant two miles to the fouth) is in compafs about five miles, and contains near 856 acres of land; it is rated to the land-tax at /. per ann. and by a twelve-penny rate raifes for the relief of the poor the fumof 28/. \\s. (a) Kilburne, p. 278. (b) Ibid. B The [ t 3 The total amount of rents in the parifh of Tunftall, 30 Maij, 17 57? was computed at 594/. per ann. but this computation was made in fome meafure favourable to the occupiers; from thence, however, and from the known rents of certain of their lands a proportion being formed, the true yearly amount may be fuppofed to be 725/. 4s. Sd. nearly. It has been before obferved, that Tunftall is lituated upon an afcent ; and little doubt is to be made that this eminence of fitu- ation gave name to the place, the very name being fufficiently expreflive of that eminence; for Dunftall (an appellation which ftill prevails among the vulgar), being tranflated from the lan- guage of our anceftors, points out to us the high place, or, the place upon the hill{c). If we look into the antient ftate of this place, and carry our- felves back to the time of the general furvey, the moft diftant period we can arrive at with any profpect of fuccefs, we fhall find that Tunftall in the time of king Henry I. was little more than a private manor, not yet diflinguifhed with the name and privileges of a parifh, without a church (if fo much may be con- cluded from the filence of Domefday book upon this head), fub- je6l to its temporal lord, and inhabited by nine villans (d), each of whom (a fkilful antiquary (e) informs us) had a farm, and performed the works of hufbandry for their lord. The time when Tunftall was ere&ed into a parifh appears not; but whenever that was accomplifhed, it is fufficiently plain that a fpiiit of devotion, rather than the number of inhabitants, oc- cafioned a church to be founded here; for fo lately as the year 1557, the number of families reilding here was no more than 16, and the number of parifhioners threefcore (/) ; fince that time indeed thefe numbers have been augmented, and upon an exact account taken by myfelf June 2, 1757, the ftate of the place was this : (c) From the Saxon bun and rteal. (d) Lib. de Domefday. (c) Chauncy's Hertf. p. 12. (J) Archdeacon Harpsfield's Viiitat. inter MSS. Tanriy, Houfes [ 3 ] Houfes (whereof one empty) 1 7 Families, - - - 20 Parifhioners, - - u c whereof 53 are children, fo that in the fpace of 200 years Tun- itall has nearly doubled the number of its inhabitants. Five teams are kept in this parifh. CHAP. II. Of the capital Lords of Tunftall. *"" n HE moft early period which affords us information of a -*- place fo obfcure as this, whereof I treat, is the reign of king Edward the Confeflbr; at which time we read that Tunftall was held by Osward, a Saxon of rank and dignity, who had large poffefTions in the county of Kent, of which he was lheriff in the reign of that king. Ofward, therefore, we are to look upon as the moft antient owner and capital lord of this place; an appellation which, ac- cording to the fenfe in which I fpeak, is not indeed ftriclly ap- plicable to the times preceding the ingrefs of the Normans; but as he held Tunftall immediately of the crown, I chufe to men- tion him under this denomination. The acceflion of William I. to the crown of England brought with it an almoft entire change in the government, cuftoms, and ufages of this kingdom. But of all the alterations which were then introduced, none were more great or more feniibly felt by our Saxon anceftors than the change of property which en- fued thereon, and the new kind of tenure which was then im- pofed upon the eftates of this realm. For the Norman king, defirous of fecuring by policy what he had obtained by force B 2 or [ 4 ] or fraud, difpofieffed the Engliih of their pofleffions, and dif- tributed them amongft his Normaa followers, at the fame time fubjecling their lands to a military tenure, and creating thofe feodal duties, conditions, and fervices, with which the nation was afterwards burthened for the ipace of 600 years. Of thofe who attended the expedition of the duke of Nor- mandy into England, no perfon was more eminently ferviceable to him therein than Odo the biihop of Baieux, his half brother, a man formed by nature for a warfare very different from that to which he was engaged by his profeilion. For his fignal fer- vices he was created by his brother earl of Kent, and enriched with a prodigious quantity of thofe lands which were then taken from their antient owners. Tunitall was part of them ; and at the time of the general furvey, was held of the biihop of Baieux, by Hugo de Porte, being thus recorded in Domefday book : " Hugo de Port ten de epo Tvnestelle .

' Rt Pip 18 Toh. ft) tan. 1? Joh. m. 9 for livery of all his father's lar.Js. ", Mill m *.grar,tofallhislam! larcfchcl. (JJR ' .ft/r. 38 H. III.ru. 18. cart. Lb. Wu. ('J Ch-f. 51.51 H.IU, in. 5. livery. &w«g. 0WI 10 E. I. m 4. Ej<. 3oE.I.n.j6. John [ 8 ] John de S. Johan. f. & h.^Ifabella, fil. ast. 28, 30 E. I. ob Maij 12 E. II.(/). 14 Hug. de Courtney. _y Hugo de S. Johanne,=pMirabcll. f. &. h. aet. 26. 3 Ed. III. ob. 2 E. III. fei- fit. de 1 6 feod. in com. Kantie (g). A_ Margar. ux. Joh de S. Philiberto ob. 19 Oct Ed. III. (A). 35 Edm. de S. Johanne,=pElizabeth. ob. infr..2et..2i Ed. IIL Lucas de Poynings.=pIfabella, vid. Hen. I Ifabell. ux. Hen. de Burgherfh, poftea Luc \ -Conftantia, ux. (/>) Alicia, ux. Johanna, ux. = Joh. Paulet.(^). Joh. Orrell. Joh. Bonevile. | T r~ J v 1 John Bonevile. Joh. Paulet.=j=Eleanor, f. Sc coh. I Rob. Ros deGedney, I co. Line. arm. / Joh. Paulet, mil.— Elizabeth. / Gul. Paulet, d. S. Joh. ob- 10 Mart. 1571. ,'/) Fm. 30 E. 1. m 4 livery. Efc. 3 E. III. n. 67. (?) Efc 1 1 E. III. n. 49. (b) Efc. 35 E. III. n. 49. (\) Clauf. 21 E. IH p. z. m. 16. Partition of his lands, Clauf. 21 E. III. m. 10. (k) CM. it, E. III. p. i.m. 17. Clauf. ig E. III. dorf. m. 21. Ft*. 23 E. III. p. 1. m. 34. f/,1 Pni 31 E. III. p. 3. m. 5. (>n) Efc. 17 R. II. n. 45. (n) Fin. 17 R. II. m. 14. (0) Efc. 7" H. VI. c. 69. Clauf. 8 H. VI. m. 19. affign clot. Efc. 31 H. VI, n. 28. (}) Efc 21 H. VI. 22. (a J Fis.t H.VI- m. 18. lib. [ 9 ] CHAP. in. Of the mefne lords of Tunftall. f N the preceding chapter I have briefly touched upon the A changes introduced by the Normans, fo far as was neceflary for the perfect underftanding of what I was then about to deliver : the fame method I mall obferve in this chapter likewife, wherein I propofe to treat of the melhe lords of this place, or, to ufe a term more univerfally underftood, the lords of the manor of Tunftall. Though there are but few perfons who have not a due notion of what is meant by a manor, yet every one is not acquainted with the nature and original of its conftitution ; points very neceflary to be known by thole who fhall perufe, as well thefe, as other memoirs of the like nature. To convey to them this piece of knowledge in as few words as may be, let it be remembered, that the Conqueror was exceed- ingly liberal to his Norman friends, infomuch that the whole king- dom was divided amongft a number of perfons, each of whom, upon an equal partition, muft at a moderate computation have poflefled a quantity of land much too great to have been under the immediate infpection of any Angle perfon. Thofe, therefore, who had been thus enriched, partly becaule of the extent and diftance of their pofleflions, and partlv in alle- viation of the fervices they were obliged to perform for them, made a further diviiion of their refpective lands, granting cer- tain quantities to certain inferior tenants upon certain conditions and fervices to be performed therefore. Thefe inferior tenants fixed their abode upon the lands which they thus held ; but neverthelefs made a further divifion of them : part they re- ferved to themfelves for the ufe of their families by the name C of [ TO ] of demefn lands, the remaining part they parcelled out amorigft tenants frill inferior to themielves, and holding of them hy fuch rents and fervices as they thought meet to impofe. This laft iub-diviiion is what we are now talking of, and what at this day we are to underftand hy the term manor, ib named from the residence of the lord thereon ; who then, and in fome meafure now likewife, maintains a jurifdicrion over thofe within his diitrict. So that the mefne lords of Tunftall, though their title implies a fubjection, and to a lefs intelligent reader may convey an idea of inferiority, are neverthelefs perfons of confiderahle confe- quence : and to fuch as defire an acquaintance with the hiftory of this place, the account of them is of greater importance than that of any other perfons whatfoever ; inafmuch as they were raoft intimately connected therewith, and were immediately in-* terefted in whatever could affect or concern the fame. But in refpect to the mefne lords of this place, record has not been altogether ib favourable to us as we found it in the pre- ceding chapter. The next family that had any intereft here (as far as I have hitherto difcovered) was the Arsics ; and of them Manasser Arlic is the firft whom I can with any certainty mention. He held of John de Port one knight's fee of the old feofment i 2 Henry II (k). His fon Alexander Arfic, 8 Richard I. 11 97,. was difcharged of Iris fcutage upon the expedition then lately made into Nor- mandy for his knights fees in this county (/). To him fucceeded John Arfic his fon and heir, who married Margaret daughter of Richard de Vernon ; but he dying ifluelefs about the 7th year of king John's reign, 1206, Robert de Arlic his brother and heir gave one hundred pounds for his relief and (I) Lib. Nig. Scacc. p. 73, cd. Ilcarne. (I) Rot. Tip. S Ric. I. Kent. livery [ II ] livery of thofe hinds which defcended to him by the death of his faid brother without iffue ; and had the king's precept to the fheriffs of Oxford and Kent accordingly (/;/). PEDIGREE of MANAS SER ARSIC. Arms : A chief indented Gules or Sable. Rot. antiq. p. 589. Ma naffer Arfic^p 3 H. I. 1 10: r Robert Arfic™ y Manaffer Arfic=p vicecom. Oxf. 6, 8, 9 H. II. '3' I V Alex. Arfic=p 6R. I. Rob. de Arfic=j=Sibylla, f. Joh. Arfic,=pMargareta 13 Joh. V- .Creve- 5 Joh quer ob. fine prol. fil. Ric. de Vernun. Johanna, ux. Alieia, ux. Euftacii de Tho. de Haye. Greinvill. Of this Robert de Ariic(//) was the manor of Tunitall pur- chafed by that moft eminent perfon and unfortunate favourite Hubert (>») Clauf. 6 Joh. m. 7. (nj This Robert de Arfic married Sibylla daughter of Crevequer, and dying left iflue by lie: two co-heirefles, Johanna afterwards married to Euftace de Greinvill, and Alicia the wife of Thomas de Haye, who 29 Henry lif. 1245, paff all their intereft in whatfoever de- fcended to them from Robert de Arfic their father, unto Walter de Gray, archbifliop ut Dugd. Bar. I. 530. Oi C 1 [ I* ] Hubert de Burgo, who obtained the king's confirmation thereof to himfelf and Margaret his fourth wife, the daughter of William king of Scotland, and their lawfully begotten heirs, September 14, 1227 (0). Ann. 1232. At this time the pope's ufurpations by exactions, provifions, difpofing churches to aliens, and other innovations, became fo intolerably oppreffive to the people of England, that a general commotion and oppofition againft him and his agents was ftirred up throughout the kingdom : letters of complaint were every where difperfed againft them ; the fermours were prohibited from accounting with the Romans for their rents ; and the bifhops were deterred by incendiary threatenings from interpofing their authority in their behalf. In conlequence hereof, divers barns of the Romans were broke open, and their corn was either fold at an eafy rate, or given to the poor (/>). The news of thefe proceedings being carried to Rome, the king, in compliance with the pope's peremptory mandate, iffued forth writs to the fheriff of each county, commanding them to enquire diligently after thofe who had feized on the goods, and threfhed out the corn, of the Romans^). And it appearing that Hubert de Burgo had been an abettor of thefe violences, the king directed his precept to the fheriffs, requiring them to make livery of the eftates of Hubert unto Of the pofTcffions thus granted, the manor of Tunftall fhould feem to have been part, which, as a certain French record informs us, was in the fame year, amongft other things, given by the arclibifhop to his nephew Walter de Gray, fire de Rotherfeld. Regift. Honor, de Richm. p. 60. Upon what authority this affertion is grounded, I know not. Certain it is, that Hubert de Burgo had the king's confirmation of this manor previous to this gift of the archbifhop ; anJ yet etvually certain it is, that the fame king by his charter, dated at Wefhninfter, 12th of June, 2o,th of Lis reign, did grant to Walter de Gray, the ion of Robert de Gray, and nephew of Walter archbiihop of York, all the right which he then had, or at any time might have, in the manors of Tunftall and Shepeye. Cart. 29 Henry III. m. 1. a difficulty which I have never yet been enabled to reconcile. (?) Cart. 11 Henry III. p. 2. m. 3. (p) Mat. Par. p. 255. See a fuller account of this matter in Fox's Martyrol. vol. I. p. 311. (j) Clauf. iS Henry 111. m. 11. I Robert [ 13 ] Robert PafTelewe of PafTelewe (r), to the end that out of the rents and iffues thereof, thole who had thus fullered might have fatisfadtion equal to their refpective loffes (/). And purfuant thereto, poffeffion of thole lands which he had lately purchafed in Tunftall was delivered to PafTelewe for the laid purpofe (*). The before-mentioned worthy perfon and faithful fervant to the king, Hubert de Burgo, after variety of iufferings, ended his days at Banltede in Surry, 4 id. May, 1243, 27 Henry III. and his corps was honourably interred within the church of the Black-Friers, then fituated in Holborn, on the back-fide of Lincoln's-inn ; to which convent he had been a large benefactor, having, amongft other things, bellowed on them his palace at Weftminfter, afterwards purchafed by the archbifhop of York, and now called White-hall (//). John de Burgo, the eldeft lbn of earl Hubert, doing his ho- mage 27 Henry III. (which was the year wherein his father died) had livery of the lands of his inheritance (.v) ; but I believe that Tunftall was part of the dowry of Margaret his mother, who dying 44 Henry III. this John was found to be her next heir, and of full age upon the 29th of July (v) ; in which year he- obtained a charter of free-warren for his manors of Newington and Tunftall (z). The laid John married Hawifia, daughter and heir of William de Lanvaley {a). When he died I know not : but he left iffue JoHN.de Burgo his fon and heir; whole daughter Margaret marrying Sir Stephen de Pensherst 0) or Penchester, the famous lord-warden of the cinque-ports, the inheritance of r r ) ?ee Weever, 644. (s) Clauf. 1 8 Henry III. m. 13. (f) Piynne's Pap. Ufurp. vol. II. p. 438. r Dvigdi Bar. vol. I.p. 699. (XJ Rot. ' Henry III. m. 9. (y) Efc. 44 Henry III. n. u. (%) Cart. ^4 Henry HI. m. 4. (a) Dni ■ v( I. I. p- 700. oi!e< ol. LX1 foL-78, b. ex.rot. fife poft moj zEdwardll. Tunftall 14 3 c Tunftall went with her to him, who, 7 Edwa$l I. 1279, claimed all the ufual privileges for this manor (V), fo that this Stephen de Penchefter was the ion in law, and riot father in law, as Mr. Harris from the Dering MSS. afferts r p. 284. But Q. whether tiiis Margaret was daughter to the firft or lecond John ? PEDIGREE of HUBERT DE BUR GO. Arms: Gules three lozenges Vaire. Holinihed's Chron, II, 1072. 2 3 4 Johanna, fil. =Beatrix, fil. ==HubertdeBurgo=Ifabella, fil. 8c coh.==MaTgareta vriil.de Vernon com. Devon. \ idua Will, de ►er. Will. deWar de Wirmegay co Norf. vi- dua Dodonis Barclolt. comes Cant. Will. com. Gloc ob. 4 id. Maii, vid.Galfr.de Man- 1243. devil. fil. Will. regis Sco- tias, ob. 44 JohndcBurgo=j=Hawifia,f. & h. faff, miles a | Will, de Lan- rege Henrico valey. die Pente- coft. 1229. -s H. III. Hubert de Bargo,from whom defcended Tho- mas lord of Gainibro'. / 1 . Margareta 2 . Magott. ux.Ric. de r Joh. de Burgo== Clare comitis ob. 8 E. I. V Gloc. I Haw ifia Devorgilda Margeria ux. ux. monialis Rob. de Rob. Fitz- apud Giellev. V»'alter. Chickfand co. Bcdf. Margareta, fil. Joh. de Burgo maritos habuit primumSteph. de Penehefter, fecundum Rob. de Orrcby. Efc. poft mort. Margar. 2 E. II. ex Dodhv. colleftan. vol. LXI. fol. /8,b. (c) Philip, lit fupr. Of [ is ] Of this Sir Stephen de Penchefter I have to add, that he was high fheriffof the county of Kent 53 Henry III.; and that 9 Edward I. he and Margaret his wife had licence from the cro\ to embattle their manfion-houfe at Alington in this county (d); that Pencheiter-tower in Dover-caftle was named from him {e)\ and that he dying between the 24th and 34th trs of king Edward I. 1301, was buried in the church at Penfhurft, under a marble monument, whereon the portraiture of a knight com- pleatly armed is, or was, to be leen. Upon the death of Sir Stephen de Penchefter, Margaret his widow fucceeded to the poffeffion of this place, in which fl . had an intereft for life by virtue of a demife from Anthony Bek bifhop of Durham ; who had therein enfeoffed the laid Stephen and Margaret, to hold to the laid Stephen and Margaret, and the heirs of the laid Stephen for ever. But this life eftate det€ - mining upon the death of the lady Penchefter, which happened 1 Edward II. 1309, by an mquilition taken at Tunftall, in craft. Epiph. Domini 2 Edward II. Johanna the wife of Henry de Cob- beham of Rundaie and Alice the wife of John deColumbariis were found to be the daughters and next heirs of the laid Stephen, of whom the former was aged 40 and upwards (/), the latter 30 and upwards. This inquifition having been executed at this very place, and with more precifipn and greater exactnefs than any which I have met with relating thereto, I have thought fit to give a copy of it in the appendix ; the rather, for that I h.v n many extracts from it in the collections of antic 1 trie d moft of them erroneous ; and for this further reafon, that, if mymemor me not, the original is much worn, and in fome danger of be- coming illegible. In the 34th year of the reign of ki." d J. a fine v levied between the laid Alice late tl .'John de Colum- (,/ Quod Stephen de P i mum fua d [on in com. Kane. Pat. . 1. (r) yarn. p. 373. bers, [ 16 ] bers, querent, and the aforefaid bifhop of Durham, def. of one moiety of the manor of Tunftall (except 50 acres of land, 1 acre of wood, and xviiid. rent) which Margaret late the wife of Stephen de Penchefter then held for term of her life, to remain after her deceafe to the laid Alice and her heirs, by the Services thereunto appertaining (g).. And The next year another fine was levied between Henry Cobe- ham and Johanna his wife, querents, and the faid biihop, def. of the other moiety of this manor (except as is aforementioned), which Margaret late the wife of Stephen de Penchefter then held for term of her life, to remain after her deceafe to the faid Henry and Joan, and the heirs of the faid Joan, under the fervices thereto belonging {b). The faid Alice died about 7 Edward III; for, 16 cal. June, 1334, Philip de Columbers, knt. and Stephen de Columbers, cl. the fons and executors of the laft will of the laid Alice, being perfonally prefent before archbifhop Stratford, in his manor of Otford, renounced the probate of the will of the faid Alice, made before the biihop of Rochefter, as done coram non judice, the faid Alice having been poffeffed of bona notabilia in different diocefes ; whereupon the archbifhop pronounced the faid will to be good, and granted Edmund de Polle, an executor named in the faid will, renouncing the adminiftration to the faid Philip and Stephen, referving to himfelf a power of doing the like to Robert de Shipton, the other executor, whenever he fhould think proper to make requeft for the fame (/). But Alice de Columbers before her death had, as I conceive, parted with her mediety to her filter Johanna, and her hufband Sir Henry de Cobham. This Henry de Cobham, 1 2 Edward I. was in the expedition then made into Wales, on the behalf of the abbot of St. Au- [g) Fin. 34 Edward I. (h) Fin. 35 Edward I. (/) Regiit Alb. inArchiv.Lamethan. fol. 32. b. guftin [ 17 ] guftin Cant, and there performed the fervice of one knight, for which he had 20 pounds from the abbot. 14 Edward I. with Joan his wife, he obtained the king's charter for a market every week upon the Thurfday at Groombrigge in Kent ; and a fail- yearly on the eve-day and morrow after the feaft of St. John ad Port. Lat. 22 Edward I. being then a knight, he was ccn- ftituted governor of the illes of Gernefey and Jerefey ; and 34 Edward I. made conitable of Dover cattle, and warden of the cinque-ports ; and 3 Edward II. had livery of the lands of the inheritance of Joan his wife(^); which I therefore fuppoie de- fcended unto her upon the death of Margaret her mother. By his wife Johanna he had iflue Stephen de Cobham, who, 34 Edward I. when prince Ed- ward was knighted with bathing and other lacred ceremonies, received the like honour with him and many others (/). Upon the death of Joan his mother, 18 Edward II. 1325, performing his fealty, he fhared in the lands of her inheritance (w); and Tunftall, whether by means of a gift from Alicia his aunt of the mediety which was hers, or otherwile, came undivided to him; and upon an inquifion taken at Alnodynton, the 1 5th of May, 3 Edward III. 1329, after the death of John de St. John, it was found that this Stephen de Cobham, by the name of Stephen de Cobham, junior, held the manor ot Tunftall, With the appurtenances, by the fervices incident to one knight's fee He was iummoned to parliament amongit the barons oi realm from 20 Edward II. to 6 Edward III. in which year he died, leaving John his ion and heir, 13 years of age(), earl of Norfolk an marefcalof England; and with Margaret one of his daughters J 6* (i) Dugd. Bar. II. 66. (I) Dugd. Ban II. 71, (m) Ibid. (> .III.p. 1. n. 67. (cj Dugd. ut fupr. (p) Dugd. Ear. II. 64. J) [ i8 ] and coheireffes went by marriage ilrft to jonx de Segrave (q), and afterwards to Sir Walter de Manny (r). This Walter de Meduana, Maney, or Manny, defcended from Walter de Meduana (j), who in king Henry the third's time held twenty knights fees in this county, was fummoned as a baron to fit hi parliament from 21 to 44 Edward 111(7). was with king Ed vard III. at the fiege of Calais («)> near which place,, fo great truft did that king repofe in him, that he and his ion Edward the black prince fought under his colours in a private habit againft Monfieur de Charm y, as Daniel tells us in his chro- nicle. Sir William Dugdale fays (w), that Sir Walter de Maney held Dunftaple in Kent, which is certainly a miftake for Tunftall, but not in right of his wife. In the hit of thofe of this county who paid aid for making the Black Prince knight, 20 Edw. Ill, I find " de dno Waltero " de Menny pro 1 feodo quod Margeria de Penceftre tenuit in " Tunftall de Johanne de fco Johanne xls. (#)" (q) John de Segrave died 27 Ed. III. His widow married Sir W. Manny, 32 Ed. III. She died 22 Rich. II and was buried at the Grey friars, London. Stowe. (r) Phil, ut i'upr. (sj See Weever, p. 438. (t) Prynne's Abridgm. (u) Militant, fub Edv. i° & 3 , p. 93. (w) Baronage, II. p. 150. (x) Dodefw. vol. 65. fol, 86, a. MS. Warb. p. 19. Manet comput. in fcac. tranfcript, ejufd. in MS. Warburton. PEDI- [ 19 ] PEDIGREE of WALTER DE MEDUANA. John de Mayney— John de Mayney de Betherifden ob. 50 E. III. Arms ; O. 3 chevrons Sa. Walter de Meduana= als Mayney, t. Conq. r Walter de Meduana=pCecilia, fil. Pagani, 12 H. II. mortuus ante 2 R. I. vidua Rog. comitis de Hereford. iEgid. Walter de Medmna=pMargareta, fil. & cuifos de Tunflall, fummo- caftelli nitus ad pari, a 21 de ad 44 E. III. ob. 46 Thine. E. III. coh. Tho. de Bro- therton, com. Noif. vidua Johannis de Segrave, ob. 24 Mart. 1339 Maria monialis. \_ Mailofel "1 . , Malphefantj momales - Tohn Mayne ") n ui rj • cc WalterMayne] tem P- H - VT -Harns p. 466. See Weever, p. 432, 433. Anna fil. k h. ux. Johannis ■com. de Pembr. D 2 The [ *o 1 The next mention I find of Tunftall, is in an obfcure note which I met with in a folio volume of collections made by- Nicholas Charles, Lancafter herald, in the library of Queen's college, Oxford. Archiv. F. 18. fol. 186, a. " Gilb. Champneys and Elizabeth his wife where the manor " of Tunftall and 1000 acres of marfh in Elmley, which Sir " Water Manny held for term of his life, &:c. dat. 44 Edward " III." the meaning of which I do not at prefent underftand. Sir Walter de Manny („v), knight of the moil: noble order of the garter, died upon the Thurfday next enfuing the feaft of St. Hillary, 46 Edward III, I37 2(jv), leaving one only daughter and heirefs Ann, aged 17, and then the wife of John, foil of Laurence Hastings, earl of Pembroke, who, by this mar- riage, became poffefTed of Tunftall. This John was no more than one year old at his father's death, which happened in Auguft, 1348 (z). He had by his lady Ann(^), one fon, named alfo John, aged 3 years at his father's death, which was in 1375. His wife was Philippa, daughter to Edward Mortimer, earl of March, but he had no child, by which means the eftate after his demife went to his cozen Sir Edward Hastings, knight, who for fome difpleafure taken againft him by the king, was committed to the Fleet, where he died childlefs, and king Richard feized on his eftate, though afterwards Reginald de Grey laid claim to it. The title he had to it appears to be this : Reginald de Grey, who was created baron of Ruthin by king Edward I. wedded Elizabeth, daughter of John lord Haftings of Bergavenny (£), fifter to (x) The arms of Manny are in one of the church windows. Of the family of Haftings and Grey. Vid. Dugd. War.v. p. 1024, &c. (y) Dugd. Bar. II. 150.. (z) Rot. Efc. 22 E. 111. n. 47. See Dodfw. Colledan. vol. V. f. 4. b. and Vincent, p. 419, v.hofe accounts differ. (a) Quire why Tunftall fhould come to the daughter of Manny rather than to the daughter fo Segrave, for they each had a daughter by Mary. (bj See Bridges's Northamptonfhire, I. p. 274. John [ 21 ] John de Haftings, great grandfather to the laft earl Haft- ings (Y) ; by which means the pofterity of Grey became heirs to the laft John de Haftings, earl of Pembroke; and this Regi- nald lord Grey of Ruthyn being lineally defcended from the faid Elizabeth was by fome inquifitions found to be his coulin and next heir of the whole blood (d). The faid Reginald de Grey, together with Richard Talbot, 15 Rich. II. 1392, brought a pleading againft John le Scrope, who pretended fome title to the eftate of the fore-mentioned John de Haftings (V Henry Crowmer, vicecom. Cant. 28 H. VI. 1 Will. Crowmer, mil.=pElizabetha de Tunftall, vicecom. Cant. 23 H. VI. de- collatus a rebellibus C aaeank^ Jul. 1450. William Crowmer=Anna. occ. 27 Hi VI. ^v. poftea ux. Ale\-. Iden de Weft- well, vicecom. Cant. 35 H. VI. is Joh. Cade oc- cidit (c). Nicholas Crowmer, Jac. Crowmer==Catherina fil de Sherborne-lane & Briftol. Will dated 16 Ap. 1 301. de Tunftall, mil Gul Cantelowe, mil. civ. & mere. Lond. qui ob. 1 46 4-, unmarried at her father's death. (a) Vid. Dugd. tuft, of Imbankiu^, 5:c. r. 62. (b) Harr. p. 148. (t) Sec extracts from the Prerog. Office, p. 4.5. Geo. ~ 3 y Geo. Crowmer, ep. Armachan. ob. 1 6 Mart. 1542-3- Will. Cr-owmer: de Tunftall,mil. vicecom. Cant. igH.Vil.&ill. VIII. ob. 20 Jul. 1539, & fep. in eccl.de Tunftall. = Alicia, fil. unica Will. Haute de" Hautefbornc,mil. qui floruit 1 3 l\. IV. 1473. ->v_ Margareta, ux. job. Rycils de vEilingham in Trendefburv, ob.2 Dec. 1596. & fep. in eccl. de Tunftall. Anna, ux. Will. Whetr.all. arm. de Hextall court in E. Peckham, vice- com. Cane. 18 Hen. VIII. Elizabeths 1 ux. Ric. Lovelace de Sittingbourne, mil. 2 V\ illielmi FincbjCantuarien- fis,mil. &bar.(//) Joh. Crowmer, fepult. apud Sit- tingbourne 1539. ; Johanna, fil. . . . I lake. _/v_ Bennetta, ux. Tho. Afhbornham. Elizabetha, ux. Hen. Bourn de Sharped, re- nupta Chriftof. Tucker. Gracia, ux. Steph. Ellis, poftea Nic. Finch. Jac Crowmer de Tunftall, arm. ob. 30 Maij 1 541. =Anna, fil. Edv. Wotton, mil. Eliz. ux. Edv. Tirrell de Beeches in Ra vreth co.Eff. arm. V "\ Cath. ux. Cicilia, ux. Jana, ux. Onuphr. Hen. Iftley, Rob. Enj Evias. mil. Wood's MSS. C. 10. f. 81. b.— In the houfe of Mr. Tho. Whetncll, of E. Peck- ham, amongft other arms were extant thofe of Crowmer an J Whetnall, 1677. Whetnall's arms were Vert, a bend ermine. In Sittingbourne church, 1603, were quarterly Crowmer & Squirry impaling quar- terly 1 & 4 a fahire cantoning 4 gryphons heads erafed 2 & 3 ... a chief, over all a bend engrailed. Crowmer impaling .... on a chevron G. 3 efcocheons Or. From a MS. in Mr. New's pofleffion, 'he writer of which fays thefe are the 1 of John Crowmer, of Fulfton, ciq. and his two wives Guildeford and Grove. (4) See their descendants in Queen's cull, ychives, F. 15. pi. :. '•■ 22. )ir [ 24 ] SirT.Guldeforc?=f= J A. r Hen. Guldeford, efq. buried at Tunftall, ob. 24 Maij 15953 set. 57. 1 EHzabethai fib =pWill. Crowmer— Margareta, fil job. Guldeford, de Tunftall, mil. | Tho. Kemp, mil mil./*) I vicecom. Cant. ^ \ 9&27 Eliz.ob. J 12 Maij 1598, set. 67. _^v. Tac Crowmer Francefca, f. & h.^Jac. Crowmer^Martha, fil jac uiwiu" 1 ' Tnnftal. Matt.Care" "N. nat. bapt. & Joh. Somers, arm fepult. 25 ob. 27 Apr. 1 597, Maij 1562. & fep. in ecclef.de Barbaria, nat. Tunftall. & bapt. eod. die n j de Tunftall, mil. nat. 24 Dec. 1569. vicecom.Cant. 2 Jac. I. ob. 27 Mar. 1 61 3. Francefca, nat. 6 Apr. 1597- xu. Matt. Carew, mil. 1 Anna, ux. Tho. Biftiop, gen. nupt. apud Tun- ftall, 19 Sept. 1577- (/) '""1 Matt. Carew, v. — .— mil. renupt. 1 , Edv. Hales Jane, nat. Dorothea, Maria, nat. de Tender- 12, Sept. nat. 5 Sept. 22 Oft. den, mil. & i 5 62,bap. I5^>P- 'S 6 ?' bap. bar. fep. in 15. 10 Sept. 23. eccl.de Tun- nupt. 2 ftall, 2 Maij 1580,^™. 1626. Seybardde Brafted,ar. r. Elizab. ux. Joh. Steed de . Steedhill,mil. Martha Crowmer, nat. 27 Apr. 1601. ob. 15 Apr. 1615. Chriftiana, nat. 6 0a. i6o7;nupt. 1 Mart. 1624. Job. Hales, fil. nat. max. Edv. Hales de Tender- den, mil. & bar. Rob. Crowmer, induft. ad reft, de Vang dtoc. Lond. i 4 9 6 - NeWC - IL 6l 3* . Ric. Cromer, ord. Augultini frat. fail. S. T. P. Oxon. 17 Jun. 1523. Geo. Cromer,indu& ad reft. Stanford le Hope 19 Jul.11511- Newc. II. .*£■ Walt. Cromer, M. D. fuit a med. Hen. VIII. uxor ejus fuit Alicia . . . de quibus vide Newa^. ^ ^ ^ ^^ ^ ^^ ^^ m ^ uxorera ^.^?fl^oSSS55S, in carcerem religionis caufa detrufus temp. M wtltef Sime^^ctmer, monk, afterwards prebend of Norwich. Willis Mit. Abb. I. 281. (,) Some account of Ob (imfo » Wecver, P . ** See Barony. «* 1V ' # S " *«■»»» * W The [ 2 5 ] The original of this family is to he fearched for in Hert- fordfl-rire (/'). At Yardley in that county is a manor called Cromer, which in all probability borrowed its name from its polfeflbrs before the time of king Henry III.(£) But the firft of the name whom I have any knowledge of was John Crowmer of Aldenham in Hertfordihire (/), the fa- ther of Sir William Crowmer (in), knight, citizen and draper of London, fheriff of the laid city, an. 1405, and lord-mayor in the years 141 3 and 1423: he was fworn to execute the office of mayor and likewiie the office of efcheater for the city of Lon- don, 30 Oft. 2 Henry VI, at the prefentation of William Wel- dern, mayor, Henry Barton, Robert Taterlhale, and other citi- zens^). This gentleman purchaied the manor of Tunftall of Sir Robert Knolles. He married Margaret, daughter and heirefs of Thomas Squirry, of Squirries- court in the pariih of Wcltram in this county (0); and dying in the year 1433, was buried under an ancient tomb on the fouth fide of the church of St. Martin Ord- gar in London, in a chapel of his own foundation (/>). Sir William Crowmer by his will, in 142 1, gave to the parifli of St. Martin Ordgar, his houie or tenement in Sweeting's-lane, and likewife his houles and gardens in Crutched-Friers, for the repairs and ornaments of the laid church, and for the ufe of the poor (q). He left by his will, which was proved in the prerogative court of Canterbury by Margaret his wife, to the fabric of Tunftall church xl. to the poor of the parifh xl. and for amending the bad roads at Tunftall xxl. (/) Man.de Cromer, co. Hertf. Vid. Monafh vol. I. p. 931, b. Camden's Remains, 1614. p. (k) Chauncey, p. 54. (/) Fuller's Worth, in Hertf. p. 31. (m) See Pat. 1 H. V. at the end of Bale's Proceis againftlcrd Cobham, p. 150- ic:. fnj Mich. Prefentat. 2 H. VI. Rot. 1. 6. (0) Vifit. Kent, 1574. p. 136.. (/>) Stowe, p. 238. (7) Neve. I.417. E She [ *6 ] She married afterwards Robert lord Poynings, whom me likewife furvived, and made her will iS Auguft, 26 Hen. VI, by the title of Margaret lady Poyning, and directed her body to be buried in the church of St. Martin's Orgar, in the fepulchre •where her p-ood hufband Crowmer laid: and ordered that a prieit mould pray for her there for the fpace of feven years. She made her own fon William Crowmer her executor, to whom fire gave the refidue of all her goods, after bequeathing, amongrl' other legacies, to William Crowmer, her grandlbn, one hundred, pounds: to her daughter Alianor Poynings ten pounds, and to Thomas Seynt John ten pounds. She died in the year 1448,. her will being proved 27 th of November in that year (.•"). His fon and heir William Crowmer of Tunftall, efq; fucceecled him. He was high fheriff of Kent, 2.3 Henry VI, 1445, and was beheaded at Mile-End, 3 July, 1450, by Jack Cade and his- infamous adherents, becauie he had married Elizabeth, the only daughter of Sir James Fiennes, lord Say and Sele, whom they had alfo barbaroully mafiacred in Cheapfide. Being thus fuddenly deprived of life, Mr. Crowmer died inteftate, and the adminiftration of his effects was committed to Sir William Fynes, knight, his brother in law, and Thomas Wynilowe, citizen and draper of London, 1 8 July, 1450 (j). Not fatisfied with this piece of cruelty, Cade ordered the body of lord Say to be drawn naked through the town into South- wark, and there to be quartered. Whether Sir William was treated in the fame manner I do not find : but their heads were both ftuck upon poles and carried before Cade through the (treets of London; and, out of mockery, were made to kits each (r) Reg. Staff, archiep. Cant. fol. 167. a. 17:. b. (.0 Reg. Staff, arch. Cant. f. 190. a. -2 other [ 2 7 ] other at every corner, till they were at laft fixed upon London bridge (/). Sir William Dugdale fays (u), lord Say's untimely death hap- pened the 4th of July, Sir William Say, knight, his fon and heir, by Emeline his wife, daughter of Cromer, being about that time 24 years of age. For this he quotes Efc. 29 Hen. VI. n. 29. and H. 12. in Off. Arm. b. 4. a. But of all the accounts which I have hitherto feen, this is the only one that fays lord Say married a daughter of Crowmer. Other pedigrees, and particularly one in Mr. Dodfworth's Collections, vol. LXXXI. f. 23. call his wife /Emelina de Wallingham. I have feen a copy of the will of this lord Say, dated 1 2 April, 28 Henry VI; in it are mentioned Emelye his wife, Sir William Fenys, his fon, and Elizabeth, Emelye, and Jane, his daughters; fo that Sir William Crowmer's lady was the eldeft, but not the only daughter of Sir James Fiennes(tc;). He was fucceeded by his fon Sir James Crowmer, knight, who by Catherine, daughter of Sir William Cauntelo, knight, citizen and mercer of London, whom I find to have been patron of the church of Murfton, 147 2 (at): left ifTue Sir William Crowmer his eldeft fon(v). Of this lady Crowmer, or fome other of the family of Caunt- elo, there feems to be a memorial in the eait window of the chancel; I think there are two lines of an infeription remain- ing, but when I was laft at Tunftall in 1750, I could make nothing fatis factory out of it. The arms of Cauntelo, by mil- take, impaling Crowmer, quartering Squirry, are in the eait win- (.') Weever, p. 279. (u) Bar. vol. II. p. 246. (w) MSS. Aflim. 831. iS. (.'<-) Regiit. Bourchier arch. Cant. f. ic6. b. (j) Vilit. ut fupr. Reg. Milles in Off. Prerog. Cant. f. 214. a. E 2 dow C *s ] dow of the north iile, from which we conclude, that Sir James Crowmer, or his lady, or both, had fepulture here. Whether Henry Crowmer, of Tunftall, as Fuller puts him down, who was fheriff of this county 21 Henry VI, were a younger brother to this Sir James, as according to the order of time one may not unreafonably fuppoie, or in what other degree of relationfhip he flood with thefe whom we are now treating of, 1 have not yet difcovered,. Sir William Crowmer, knight, eldeft fon of Sir James Crow- mer, bore the office of high fheriff for this county, 19 Henry VII, and 1 Henry VIII, 1504 and T509; and dying 20th of jiilv, 1539, was buried in the parilh church of Tunftall, where his arms are ftill to be feen in the painted windows (z). His wife was Alicia the only daughter of Sir William Haut, of Hautefborne, knight, of whom I can fay no more at pre- ient than that her arms, impaled with her hufband's, are to be feen in the church windows ; and that if fhe was buried here, as I fuppofe fhe was, her death happened before her hufband's ; for the pariih. regifter, which is a very exact one, takes no notice of it. Sir William Crowmer laft mentioned had two brothers, George Crowmer, rector of Murfton in this county, a living formerly in the patronage of the family : this he refigned in the year 1 5 1 3 (a), and was afterwards confecrated bifhop of Armach in April 1522 (^), and John Crowmer, who with Johanna ...:e, his wife, was buried in Sittingbourne church, 1539 (c). He had alfo three filters, of whom Margaret was wife of John Rycils, and w T as buried here in the chancel: fhe dying Dec. (z) Pronus eccl, de Murfton 15-8. Wafli. 396, a. 1 hilipot, p. 343. Vifitat. ut fup'r. Ware, p. 25, in which laft author fee more of him. i_ ) Reg. Waltham, f; 34S, b. (cj Weever, p. 279. I I496, [ *9 ] 1 49 6 , as an infcription on brafs, copied by Weever but imper- fectly, informs me. James Crowmer of Tunftall, efq. only fon of Sir William Crowmer, married Anne, daughter of Edward Wotton. He dyed 30 Maij, 1541, and was buried amongft his anceftors, leaving one only child (then of the age of 1 o years) Sir Wil- liam Crowmer of Tunftall, knight, high fheriff of Kent 9 and 27 Elizabeth (d). He was a party in the infurrecfion raifed in this county by Sir Thomas Wyatt againft the intended mar- riage of queen Mary with the king of Spain; and 1 ith February, 1554, was upon that account, together with certain others, com- mitted priibner to the Tower (v r .y Robert, John, William, Gore. Elizabeth, Thomafin. Edv. Hales, fepult. apud Tun ll all, 3 Sept. 16S6. Job. Hales, bar. fep. apud Tunftall, 20 Jan. 1743-4* ^Helena, fil. = Hic.Bealing, mil. ,-A._ =HeJena, fit. Dudley Bagnall, arm. ob.ap.Lucklv, co. Berk .... Nov. 1737. Carolus, Robercus, Jacobus. v_ Anna, Maria, ux. Franc. ux» Jana, Elizabeth, Catharine, Clara, ux. Edv. Hales,: arm. fepult. apud Tun- ftal!,i2 0ft. 1729. Anna, relift. Bulftrode, fep. apud Tunftall, 5 Apr. 1749- Joh. Hales, ob. innupt. Francefco, Jac. Hales, ux. Gen. occifus in Hen. co. Italia, 1 735. Litchf. Alex. Hales. Phil. Hales. Edv. Hales. VF I 37 ] V F T O N Is a place of repute feated in this pariih, and was once part of the Shurlaxds, with whom it continued till by an heir ge- neral of that name, Alicia only daughter of Sir Robert de Shur- land, who was made a knight banneret by king Edward I. at the liege of Carlaverock ; it was carried in marriage to Sir Wil- liam de Cheyney, whofe father alfo had been knighted at Carlaverock. William de Cafineto or Cheney, eldeft fon of William be- fore-mentioned, died poffeffed of Vfton 8 Edward III, and was fucceeded in the poffeffion by Robert Cheyney his brother and heir, then of the age of 30 years. This Robert died 36 Edw. Ill, leaving his fon Richard Cheyney 10 years old; which Richard marrying afterwards Margaret the daughter and co- heirefs of Robert Crall had iffue by her William and Simon Cheyney. Of thefe two Simon Cheyney, as I take it, poffeffed Vfton. His fon and heir John Cheyney of Sittingbourne, cfq. had one only daughter uamed Frances, the wife of John Alt- lev, efq. In this eminent family it remained for many de- fcents, till at length Frances the daughter and heirefs of John Cheyney of Sittingbourne, efq. added it to the eitate of her hufband John Aftley, of Hill-Morton and Melton-Conftable, efq. where it frayed but a very fhort time; for their daughter Brid- get wedding Walter, fon of Thomas Harlakenden of Wood- church, efq. it went with her to him. She was buried in Tun- ftall church 28th June, 1569. William Maries, who was fheriffof this county 21 Henry VI. held his fhrievalty here (0). {oj Harr. p. +;8. See Wecver. p. 280.. t P E D I- [ 38 J PEDIGREE of WILLIAM DE CHEYNEY. Arms; Az. fix lions rampant, Argent a canton Erm. Fuller. Thefe were the arms of Skurland and without the canton of Leybourne. Alex. Cheyney,=pAgnes, fil. Will. Say, ob. 24 E. I. .y attulit raarito fuo man. de Patrikfburn. Will. Cheyney, f. & h.=pMargareta, fil. & h. a:t. 22 t. mort. prif. Rob. Shurland de Shurland, mil. & bann. & Margerise ux.fuperft. 8 E. III. .>V- Will. Cheyney, f. & h.=pMargeria. Rob. Cheyney,: ob. 8 E. III. set. 58. h.fratris, cet. 30 8E. Ill.ob. 36 E. III. Ric. Cheyney ,=pMargareta, fil. & coh. Roger, aet. 6. jet. 10 36 E III. ,s\ Rob. Crall & Marg. 36 E. III. ux. ejus fil. & h. Sim. Peplefliam. 1 j 2 Will. Cheyney Simon Cheyney ,=pEleanora, f. & h. de Shurland arm. (a) | Joh. Nottingham. Alex. Cheyney. y Plures fuere liberos prout in Vif. Berks, 1623, p. 52. I Joh. Cheyney =pAnna, poltea ux. de Sittingbourn, Joh. Poyntz, arm.(£) arm. ob. int. n & 15 H. VIII. Francefca, f. & h. ux. Joh. Aftley. Inq. poll mort. Will. Cheyney, "1 „ yjTj Inq. pod mort. Rog. Cheyney, J ( a ) Hence the Cheyneys of Woodhey co. Berk, k lord Cheyn«y. (b) ViJ. lib. Ititrat. f. 232. b. edit. 1546. PEDI- [ 39 ] PEDIGREE of WALTER HARLAKENDEN. Arms ; Az. a fefs Erra. between 3 lions heads erafed Or. Bridgida, f. & h. =j=Walt. Harlakenden Joh. Aftley de Melton Conftable, fep. apud Tunft. 28 Jun. 1569. de Vfton, arm. /" =Sufanna, ob. 26 Maij, 1587. _y\. i Henr. bapt. Eliz. bapt. 7 Wait. Herlakenden, Joh. Harlakenden, 19 Mart. Dec. 1578, bapt. 21 Apr. 1577. nat. 12 Sept. 1583. 1574-5, fep. nupt. 22 Feb. i80c~tu6oi. i6o2,Thoma2 Awdley. Zach. Harlakenden,=^Margareta, Jonath. Harlakenden, Sarah, bapt. nat. 3 Mart. 1565, ob. 26 Sept. 1603. ob. 3 Oft. nat. 29 Maij, 1568. 28 Maij, 1603. , 5 8o. Walt. Harlakenden, Dorothea, Mich. bapt. Anna, nat. bapt. 26 Sept. 1602. nat. 3 Maij, i7Jun. 1581. 2 Dec. 1581, 1567, ob. fep. 3 Dec. fep. 13 Aug. in cunis. 1590. 1603. Walt. Harlakenden.=pjana, fil. Tho. Prude Sufanna, nat. j de Waltham, co.Kent. 2 Dec. 1586. ob. in cunis. Silvefter Harlakenden=pElizabetha, de Vfton, ob. 1 9 Mart. 1659,21.54. fil. Tho. Will. Harlakenden, bapt. 19 Aug. 1640. ob. infan.s. Sil. Harlakenden, bapt.30Dec.1641. ob. 22 Jan. 1678. =Elizab. _y\- Thomas,fep. Sil. Harlakenden, 10 Dec. 1674. bapt. 13 Jun. 1676. Jane Burftone, daughter to Mrs. Harlakenden', buried at Tunft. 24 Jan. 1599. Tho. Harlakenden, ba^t. 4 Maij, 1606. Tohnbapt. Rebecca, bapt. Dec. ... 24 Maij, 1646. 16^7. Maria bapt. 9 Nov. 1649, James bapt. ob. 22 Maij, 16 10 Feb. Martha, bapt. 3 Dec. 1652-3. 1650, ob. inf. ob. inf. Sara. bapt. 26 Oft. 1654, ob. inf. Joel Harlakenden, bapt. 11 Feb. 1678-9, ob. inf. Sar. Harlakenden, buried 14 Jan. 1633. A ihildof Rt'j- Harlakenden, buried 11 Sett. 1639. i'i;di. [ 4o ] PEDIGREE of HENRY CLIFFORD. Henry Clifford,=pJana Harlakenden. arm. nupt. 2) Dec. 1^8; _>V_ Walt. Clifford, joh. Clifford, Urfula, nat. 26 Nov. nat. 19 Sept. iepult. 22 1588, fepult. 21 1590, ob. inf. Sept. 1603. Sep:. 1603. G O R E - C O U R T. This was anciently the feat of a family whofe name was at-Gore, and in old court rolls frequently^ la Gore. John atte- Gore, as I judge, owned this place 2 Edward II, and Henry at- Gore died pofTeffed of it 31 Edward III, as Mr. PhiTipdt informs us; but I have not feen any record which countenances fuch aflertion It Raid in this name for feveral generations; but at laft James Gore fold it to Thomas Royden of Eaft Peckham ; and his fon parted with it the fame way to Mr. Cbrijlopber Wood, and his grandfon was the porferfor of it in Philipot's time. So far the Kentifli writers. PEDIGREE of GERARD GORE. Gerard Gore =pThomaflna, f. nat. max. Edv. Hales, ob. Jan. 1707, an. 49. Rob. Gore. Joh. Gore. Will. Gore. Elizabeth, buried here 12 Apr. 1717. Thomalina, buried 1 ere ipDec. 1746. Will, de la Gore, 44 H. III. Prvnne, III, 1 1 6. Will. atteGore, official, archiep. Cant. 41; H. III. lb. 119. b. Mr. Will, de la Gore, prebeiad. in eccl. deNonington, 25 E. I. Pry mi e, III, 716. Tho. atte Gore. Efc. 30 E. I. n. 19. Monalt. I. 289. b. Hen.de Gore, :i E. 3. tfarr. p. 145. Walt. Gore, 12I1.VI. Fuller. Will. Gore buried at Tunilall, 27 Apr. 1553. Reg. Reginald panetarius Sc fratres fui petunt verfus Aiured de la Gore & Sibyllam ux. ejus dim. carucat.terre cut. ptin. \\\ Sevenocb. Plac. 2 Joh.dediverf. terminis,rot.9. 5 Indeed de Tunlt. arm. [ 4i ] Indeed I am apt to fufpect. that Mr. Philipot may be miftaken here, who feeing in an ..; the Tower a reference to an in- quifitioh of this date, took it for granted that the fame was an inquifition taken upon the death of Henry atte Gore, and con- el: led that he mutt have died fo feiied; but in truth the record ici rred to is no more than a return to a writ of inquifition ad quod dam. wherein the jury certify, that it is not to the damage of the king or any other perfon if licence be granted for this Henry atte Gore to enfeoff Henry Willy, chaplain, in 28 acres of land lying in Sydingbourne, and held of the king in capite, and for the laid Henry Willy after plenary feifin thereof obtained to refeoff the laid Henry atte Gore and Alice his wife in the faid lands to hold to them and to the heirs of the faid I.'enrv for ever. This return further fets forth, that the faid land was held of the king in capite by the fervice of a 66th part of one knight's fee: that its true value was ix* iiij d at iiij the acre; that the laid Henry atte Gore had belides one mefiuage and fourfcore acres of land in Sydingbourne which were held of queen Phi- lippa as of her manor of Milton, in gavelkind by the fervice of 30 per aanum, that the true yearly value of this mefiuage was 3 s 4" and of the fourfcore acres of land xl at 6' the acre. This inquifition was taken at Milton the Thurfday after the feair. of S. Barnabas, 31 Edward I. (/>). Robert atte Gore of Tunftall, by deed (q) dated at Syding- bourne, ult. May 5, Richard II, 1382, conveys to Thomas atte Sherche (p) Bund. Efcaet ; i E. III. p. :. n. ?. (am 3 ; ura,&ppet' eleemofynam advocacoe ecctie de Tunftall cu ptin' Kend'St ten & fucc' fuis archiep' Cant' 1 >e, quietcy'&integre cu.oi ' '> oem pun' et nos et hedes nfi advocacoin ilia cu ptin' pdc > ctno archiep' Ik kicc' fuis archiep' Cant' vvafantizabimus in ppet' & ut hec nra donaco rata & ftabilis in ppet' pfevet' pleas fcriptu Cgil'i nri mu . - : duxim' roboranct: Hijs ted', dfiis G 2 J- Lin- C 44 1 king Henry III. by charter dated at Weftminfter, Oct. 9, anno 1229, regn. 13 1110 ; a copy of both thefe writings is here inferted from the cartulary of the archbiihop of Canterbury, amongft bifhop Tanner's MSS. in the Bodleian library fsj. In the taxation of ecclefiaftical benefices made by the order of Pope Nicholas VI, 20 Edward 1,(7) Tunftall is thus rated : Ecclefia de Tunftall, xxxv marc. At the time of archdeacon Harpsfield's vifitation 1557 («) ? the ftate of Tunftall was as follows: J. Lincoln. -^ Steph.de Secrrave 1 .. H. Bathon'. / Bertr. de Crioll j m ' U R. Ciceftr. ( _. Ranulph Butone. A. Cov. & Lich. ( ei " 5, Gitto Butoue & mult' alijs." H. Roff. \ R. Lond, 3 N. B. In the original charter, which is in the library of MSS» at Lambeth in Cart. Mifcellan. vol. II. N' 50, the two fir 1.1 witneffes were, J. B.ithon, H. Line. the two lad, Ranulr Britone, Guil. Britone. In casteris concordat cum nro tranf- cripto Nov. 13, 1 754. The feal, which was of green wax, is loft from the original ; but a cord of red filk to which it was append. mt yet remains. On the back of the [inal, in an old hand, this number in a later hand, " in the parchment book, fol. 5, & fol. 45." (s ) Ex cartular' archiepi Cant, int' MSS. Tann. f. 79, a. " Hen. Dei gra rex Angl'dnsHib'dux Norman' & Aquit' coniMndeg',archiepis,epis, abb', priorib', com', baron', jullic', forellarijs, vicec', ppofitis, miniftris, balljvis, & oib* fidelib luis faltm. Sciatis nos conceffiffe Sc pfenti cart' \v, a firmaffe venabili in Xpopatri Rico ead' era Cantuar'archiepoecctilde Tunftall cuolb' ad earn ecclia grin' qm het ex dono dilecu & fidelis iiri Hub' de Burgo com' Cane' ficut carta ejufd' Hub' raconabi- liter e'eftatur; quare volumus & firmiter pcipim' qd pdcus archiep' & fucc' fui archiepi Cant' heant & teneant petca eccha ciioib" grin fuis libere, quiete, & integre cu 61b' ad eccl' ilia gtinent'in lib' pjr' & ppet' elifflof': Hijs reft' Bertrarmo de Crioll 1 Ranul. Britone. Steph. de Segrave J Will. Briton 8c mult'alijs. ibis J. Bathon. -> H. Line. dat' apd Weft' p manii ven'' A. Cov. & Litch > patris K. Ciceftr' epi cancellarij H, Roff. nri ix die Ocl. ann' reg' nri 13m ." R. Lond. J //) 'MS. in Hyperoo Bodt. nu. 1:9. {u) See archbp. Winchelfea's dcciee in Dugd. Wanv. p. 649. Tunftall. [ 45 ] Tunftall. Rector, Dr. William Bunker. Re&oria ex patronatu d'ni archiep'i valet li. 14. Parochiani 60. Familix 16. In Ecton's Liber valorum it ftands thus: Tunftall, a rectory dedicated to St. John Baptift; patron the archbifhop of Canterbury, certified val. 14/. Ss. /\d. yearly, tenths 1/. Ss. lod. proxies 5 fob In a taxation made 1384, 8 Richard II, the half-tenth of Tuntiall is rated at 1 3J. \d. fo that the living was then valued at 13/. 6s. Sd. or 20 marks (x). In a lilt of the benefices in the collation of the archbifhop of Canterbury about 1400, entered in the regiiter of archbifhop Arundell, part I. f. 258. b. it ftands thus; Decanat. de | ^ . . _, „ „ m , rc „ , , lEccl. de Tunftall, xxv marc ' Sydyngbornej In purfuance of the act of parliament made 16 Henry VIII, the true value of the rectory of Tunftall was thus returned to the commiffioners: " Decanat. de Sydyngborn. Tunftall. The certificat of Sir Symons Jenys pfon there made by Svmon Spacherft his farmer. Firft, the fame Symon Spacherft paieth to the faid pfon ycrly, viij '. Item, paid to the preft for his wages, vj h xiij iiij d . Summa, xiiij 1 ' xiij 5 iiij d . Whereof deducted for proxies yerly, v s . Summa de claro, xiiij'' viij b iiif 1 . X ,na Inde,. xxviif x d . (x) Stevens's Suppl. vol. I. p. 43. Thcrne, col. 217 J. The [ 4^ ] The old parfonage houfe was begun to be pulled down July 10, 17 12. The foundation of the cellar for the new one begun July 22. I proceed now to the account of thofe incumbents of this church whofe names I have recovered, and fuch particulars of their lives as I am at prefent acquainted with; which as it contains but an imperfect feries I mall firft premiie that this is not owing to any negligence of mine, but to want of op- portunity for fe arching at thofe places where the proper ma- terials for compfeaVihe: it are repeated. The fame muft be al- ledged in excufe for any other defects which mav be found in the preceding pages; lor I have never yet applied myfelf ex pro- feffb to treat of the antiquities of this place, or had recourfe to any of the public offices neceffary to be confulted on this oc- cafion, though I hope mortly fo to do. Molt of what I have laid occurred to me in the courfe of my fearches for a very large work which I am engaged in ; and as my additions to the for- mer hiftories of this place are chiefly fetched from printed vo- lumes of our antiquities, they ferve in a remarkable manner to fhew how capable of improvement the prefent hiftories of this county are, and what unpardonable indolence the lateft writer on this fubjeift is guilty of. RECTORES. Lambertus de Monneto is the firft I have hitherto met with; by birth an Italian as his name mould intimate, and one par- ticularly favoured by John Feckham, archbiflibp of Canter- bury ; for in the year 1281, when the profits of this his be- nefice were upon the point of fequeftration by reafon of the dilapidated condition of his church, the archbiihop by his mandate iflued from S. Mailing Jan. 10, 1 281-2, fuper- feded [ 47 ] feded the fequeftration, and undertook, when the defeats of reparation fhould be lignified unto him, to fee himfelf to the fufEcient amendment of the iame( ,) Monneto, who \ not in full orders, prefuming upon this favour of the arch- bimop, ventured to abfent himfelf from an ordination fome time after holden at Croyden, at which he was particularly cited to appear, which occafioned the archbilhop to direct a fequeftration of his benefice till he lhould have taken thofe orders which the quality of his preferment did require (z), to which end he was cited to appear before the archbilhop on the Friday next following, the Sunday on which is fung the fervice beginning with " Mifericordia Domini," in the fifth year of archbilhop Peckham's confecration 1283, with which citation I fuppofe he did comply. Belides the rectory of Tunftall he had aifo the benefice of Subchirche and a canonry in the collegiate church of South Mallyng in the year 1283. He moved a fuit againft the ex- ecutors of John the Roman of Olford ; a commiflion for hear- ing of which was directed to the Dean of the Arches from Mortlake April 23 in this year (. 153. (?«) Tann. ut fupr. was C 49 ] was buried in his own cathedral where he lies under a tomb of black marble on the north fide of St. Anfelm's chapel. Who fucceeded in the rectory of Tunftall upon his promotion to the fee of Canterbury 1 have not found; but about 30 years afterwards William de Iocelyn, alias Islep, who was crofs-bearer to archbifhop Iflep, and very probably related to him alio, quitted this rectory for the rectory of Clyve(;;); to which latter he was inftituted 11 Mart. 1558(0). Upon this exchange William in the Herne(^) was inftituted to the rectory of Tunftall 9 cal. Maij, 1358, and had letters for induction thereinto directed to the archdeacon's official and to Sir Simon rector of Wicheling(^). He continued not long here, but re- figned his benefice 5 cal. Sept. following (/•); which refigna- tion being certified to the archbifhop under the leal of the abbat of Thorney, William de Islep having refigned his rectory of Clyve 6 Nov. preceding (s) was again inftituted hereto 17 cal. Jan. 1338(7), and had letters of induction in like manner directed to the official of the archdeacon and to Sir Simon, rector of Wichel- ing before-mentioned: fhortly after this his fecond inftitution he made a fecond exchange of this rectory with a name- fake John de Islep, rector of Foxley in the diocefe of Norwich, who was inftituted to the rectory of Tunftall 18th Feb. 1360, and had letters of induction thereto dated 4 cal. Mart, follow- ing («). He died not long after, and was fucceeded by William de Tunstall, br. who was inftituted hereto 4 id. Oct. 1 36 1 (.v). He had been rector of the church of Hamme, (n) Reg. Iflep, f. 280. a. (0) lb. f. 279. b. (/>) One Will, de Heme ofRecuKu, ord. d.-acon 1316. extre Reg. p. 49. {q) Reg.Mep, f. 280. a. (r) lb. f. 280. b. (sj lb. f. 2'ii. a. (1) lb. (u) lb. f. 286. b. (x) lb. f. 291. a. II which C 50 ] which he refigned in the year 1358 (y), and was at this time redtor of Woodchirch, which he refigned upon his inftitution to this benefice (.c). Alan us de Sleddale, clerk, was collated upon the death of Tnnitall 3 id. Jun. 1363O), having then received only the firit tonfure. On Sunday 9 cal. Jan. following, being the eve of the nativity of our Saviour, he was ordained acolyte in the archbifhops chapel at Charyng by William bifhop of Rochefter (b) ; and 15 cal. Jun. 1364, he was ordained prieft in the parifh church of Wye ad titulum eccl. iuoe, by the fame prelate, by virtue of a commiffion from the archbifhop of Canterbury (V) in the year 1365. He refigned his rec- tory of Tunftall for that of Saltwood(//) ; and in the year 1638, being then rector of Hethe, was conftituted an ex- ecutor of the will of Simon Breedon, M. D. canon of Cicefter; by whom was bequeathed to him as a legacy, a filver cup with a foot and cover ; in the bottom of which cup ftood the image of a man(^). 1 July 1876, being then re£tor of Salt- wood, he had licence from archbifhop Sudbury to be abfent from his benefice for the fpace of one year(/), after which time I find him no more. One Alanus de Sleddale, canon of the collegiate church of Gnoulhale in the diocefe of Litch- field, was ordained an acolyte by letters dimifibry in the church of St. Mary-le-Bow 2 Mart. T386, ad tit. preb. fuae (<§•), but he muft have been a different perlbn from our rector. (y) Reg. Iflep. f. 281. a. (%) lb. f. 291. a. (a) lb. f 301. b. (h) lb. f. 324. b. fc) lb. f. 225. a. (d) lb. f. 307. a. (e) Reg. Wytles, f. 122. a. — Simon Breedon, M. D. of whom we have an account in Leland, was eminent for his fk.HI and accurate obfervations in aftronomy, as well as famous for his library which he collated with great care and affiduity : he was firft of Baliol then of Merton and as fome fay of Queen's college likewife in the univerfity of Oxon ; to which laft mentioned college he be- queaths in his will here mentioned Bartolomeus de naturis rerum. He was canon of Cicefter, reclor of Biddenden, and warden of Maidfton hofpital; and died 14 cal. Maij, 1372, on which day his will was proved. Ant. Wood's M. C. Mert. (f) Reg- Sudb> *• 3- b - (g) Re S- Courtney, f. 308. b. TOHN L 5i ] John MaAcyl or Marcelly, clerk, re&br of Saltwood, was col- lated to this re&ory 13 cal. October, 1365, upon the ex- change made between him and Sleddale f,6J. He likewife at his coming hither was no more than a primo tonfurate\ and 15 cal. March following, being Quadragefima Sunday, was ordained an acolyte at Maghfelde, at an altar erected in the archbilTiop's chamber (i). 1 cal. March following he was ordained fub-deacon in a private oratory near the cham- ber of the archbifhop, within the faid manor of Maghfelde f/^; and laftly, upon Eafter day in the fame year, viz. 2 non. April, 1366, he was ordained a prieit in the archbiihop's chapel at Maghfelde aforefaid (I). He exchanged this rectory, for the neighbouring one of Ivychurch, with Thomas Preston, who was inftituted hereto 3 cal. Sept. 1368 fmj 9 and within a few days exchanged it for the rectory of Hadlegh, with John Bassett, inftituted hereunto non. Sept. 1 368 f?ij, who in a few weeks after (Prefton having in the mean time exchang- ed his rectory of Hadelegh with William Palmer, for the rec- tory of Chelfea, in the diocefe of London) made another ex- change of Tunftall for Chelfea with Thomas Preston before-mentioned, who was a fecond time in- ftituted hereto 14 cal. Nov. 1368(0 J, and had letters of in- duction., bearing equal date, directed to the official of the archdeacon of Canterbury. What became of this church- merchant afterwards I know not, for I cannot think with Mr. Newcourt, that this is the fame perfon who was rector of St. Mary, Lothbury ; but as he thought meet to return hither again, it is to be hoped he ended his days here; if lb, he was probably fucceeded by (h) Reg. Iflep, f. 307. a. (1) lb. f. 3:6. b. (k) lb. (I) lb. (rr.J Reg. Langh. f. 105. a. (n) lb. f. 105. b. (oj lb. f. 107. a. H 2 John [ ssi 3 John Wayte, whom I meet with as rector of this place in the year 1383 (p J, when he exchanged it for the rectory of St. Andrews, Holborn, in the diocefe of London, with Richard Holme, who received inflitution 15 April, 1383^,/, in the perfon of Walter Lokyngtond, his proctor, who in the name of his principal making the profeffion of canonical obedience to the fee of Canterbury, letters of induction were granted to him, directed to Walter Cheltenham, the commif- farv-general (r) ; but by fome means or other this living was again vacant not long after ; for Thomas Butiller, chaplain, was admitted hereto 20 Oct. 1385, at the prefentation of the crown by reafon that the tempora- lities of the archbilhopric were then vacant {/) and in the king's hands (though by what means I have not learned) ; and having received inflitution and made his profeffion of cano- nical obedience, letters for his induction were directed to the dean of Sittingbourne (/). John Cattelyn, prefbyter, was collated to this rectory 24 Maij, 1386, and had letters of induction directed to the dean of Sittingbourne. The next month he exchanged for Green- ford-magna in the diocefe of London, with John Lynton. This exchange was compleated 15 June 1386(a), when Lynton received inftitution to the rectory of Tunftall, and had letters directed to John Lejer, alias Leyer, parifh prieft of Frenlted, and John George, clerk, jointly and feparately for his induction {x). This John Lynton was re- giftrar of the court of Canterbury, and keeper of the regifters of that court, having his habitation in the parifh of St. Faith, London, whereupon the 5th Dec. 1391, in the prefence of John Perch, clerk, notary public, he refigned his church of (p) Reg. Courtn. f. 249. b. (q) Ibid. (r) Ibid. (sj Ibid. f. 258. a. (/; Ibid. (uj Ibid. f. 262. a, (x) Ibid. f. 262. b. Tunftall [ 53 ] Tunftall in expectation of obtaining that of Eynesford in the deanry of Schorfham, at the fame time making proteftation that he did not thereby intend, in any meafure, to recede from, or give up, his right in the former, unlefs he mould obtain plenary and peaceable pofTefTion of the latter (y), to which he was accordingly admitted within ten days then next follow- ing (s). 7th Oct. 1399, he was collated to the rectory of St. Dunftan in the Eaft, London (#), where he died in the be- ginning of July, 140 1 (b). Nicholas Salwy, chaplain, was collated to this rectory upon the removal of Lynton to that of Eynesford before-mentioned, and inftituted herein 18 Dec. 1 391 (c), whether by means of an exchange with Lynton or otherwife, I am uncertain : chopping and changing of benefices was a kind of trade amongft the clergy of this age ; and was now exercifed in fo fcandalous a manner, that many w r ere defrauded by an un- equal exchange, and fome wholly deprived of their prefer- ment by the knavery of thefe ecclefiaitical traffickers. To put a flop to thefe iimoniacal dealings, whereby it frequently happened, that a perfon unfit for one curacy fwept to himfelf the profits of many ; a mandatory letter ifTued from arch- bifhop Courtney, 5th Mart. 1 391-2, putting the bifhops in mind of their duty, and requiring them, upon their canonical obedience, to execute their powers againft thefe iniquitous practices, and to put in force thofe canons and laws which were fubfifting againft them (7/). William Baker, chaplain, 31ft Oct. 141 6, was collated to this rectory, then vacant by the death of the lait incumbent (V); as was alfo (yj Reg. Mort. Dene. Bourgch. Courtn. f. 201. a. (z) Ibid. f. 201. b. (a) Reg. Arund. part I. f. :6:. {b) Ibid. f. 27S. (c) Reg. More. Dene, Bourgch. Courtn f. 201. b. (d) Spelm. Concil. vol. II, p. 641. \c) Reg. Chich. I. f. 7S a. John [ 54 1 John Boseham, chaplain, ift Jan. 141 6-7, upon the deceafe of the laid William Baker (/). Thomas Gloucestre, deacon, was collated to this living by arch- bifliop Chicheley, 8th Sept. 1419(^0, but by what means it was then vacant is not laid. William Clerk, chaplain, was collated hereto by the fame archbiihop, 5th Maij, 1428^), but whether he immediately fucceeded Glouceftre I know not. After him I meet with Richard Caunton (/'), rector of this church, upon whofe refig- nation fucceeded Robert Pyke, who was inftituted hereto in the perfon of Wil- liam Coke, his proctor, 8th Sept. 1446^), and refigning the living in Nov. following, Thomas Brag, chaplain, was inftituted hereto 3 Dec. 1 446(7), as was Robert Toft, A. M. 23 Maij, 1450 (m). Thomas Kynge is the next I have hitherto met with. Upon his refignation Thomas Balys, chaplain, was collated to this rectory by arch- biihop Bourgchier 4 Maij, i473(«)- How long he con- tinued here, what became of him, or who fucceeded him, I know not, but Alexander Crowmer, A. M. was collated to this rectory then vacant by the death of the lait incumbent, ift Mart. 1490-1(0). A relation he was doubtlefs to Sir James Crow- mer, knight, at this time lord of Tunftall, but in what degree I have not yet difcovered. Robert W^heteley, A. M. fucceeded upon the death of Crowmer, being inltituted hereto 6th Jul. i492(/>), at the ( f) Reg. Chich. I. f. 82. a. (g) Ibid. f. lor.a. (h) Ibid. f. 172. a. (V) Reg. Staff, f. 90. a. (k) Ibid. f. 90. a. (/) Ibid. f. 91. b. (m) Ibid. f. 104. b. (nj Reg. Bourgch. f. 107. b. (oj Reg. Mort. II. 148. a. fp) Ibid. f. 152. b. collation [ 55 ] collation of archbiftiop Morton. His fucccflbr in all probability Mas Richard Symons, prefbyter, upon whom archbiftiop Morton confiding in his circumfpedtion, induftry, and fitnefs for the charge, and moved by the evident necemty or utility of the church, conferred this re<5tory 5th Dec. 1499, to Dc held in commendam for the fpace of fix months from the date of this collation, according to the conftitution of Gregory X. but he continued longer here than fix months ; for Thomas Smyth, A. M. was collated to this rectory, then vacant by the death of the faid Symons, 4th Dec. 1502. He remained here till September 1 5 1 3 ; at which time he re- signed this benefice. Radulph Wulf, chaplain, was collated thereto 9th Sept. 15 13. He died 20th Jun. 1525, and was buried in the chancel of his church, where his effigy in brafs is full to be feen in the habit of a prieft at high mafs, Si'MON Jexyxs, as I conceive fucceeded him; and might be the laft Roman Catholic miniiter of this parifh. He was buried here 27th Nov. 1538. He has left an orate upon the walls of the dove-houfe belonging to the parfonage, which I there- fore fuppofe he built. William Bouxker was his immediate fucceffor; but the date of his inititution I have not feen ; or any more of him than that he was rector at the time of archdeacon Harpsfield's visi- tation, and that he was buried here 15th Jun. 1560. Thomas Thacker; he was buried here 29th Sept. ^572, and probably came immediately after Bounker. John 1 Coldwell feems to be the next. I meet with him in the parifh regifter under the year 1577, where he is called Mr. Dr. Coldwell. Shortly after this Petfr I 56 ] Peter Pott, A. M. (q) became rector of Tunftall(r). He firft occurs in 1 58 1. He died 10th Oct. 1584, and had for his fucceilbr Christopher Webbes, theol. bac. born at Gillingham in this county, educated in St. John's college, Cambridge, of which he became president. He was the father of a numerous off- fpring(j). He died 7th Jan. 1610, in the 63d year of his age, and was interred in the chancel, where, on a brafs plate, is fome account of him. Robert Cheke, D. D. by his great age feems to have imme- diately fucceeded Mr. Webbes. He was the younger fon of an ancient family in Suffolk, and, like his predeceffor, had been, I fuppofe, brought up at Cambridge, for I do not find his name in the lifts of our graduates. He was ordained prieft 8th Feb. 1600, prefented to the 4th flail in Rochefter cathedral, 2d Sept. 1616; to the vicarage of Hoo 17th Jul. 1622, which lalf he refigned in 1625; being a quiet peace- able man, he had a itipend of 20/. per ann. affigned him, referved out of the church eitate on the diffolution of deans and chapters by the rump gentry in 1646. He died 5th Jul. 1647, 3et. 78. There is an handfome monument erected to his memory by Mary, his widow, againft the north wall of the chancel. R.OBERT Dixon, A. M. by education a Cambridge man alio, fuc- ceeded Dr. Cheke. He was of St. John's college in that uni- veriity: he was ordained 2 lit Sept. 1639. He lived in the times of anarchy and confuiion, and was a great fufferer in the royal caufe, being in the year 1644, taken prifoner as he (q) ftdm-. ad left, log. Ariftot. 18 Nov. 1569, determ. xlm. feq. adm. ad incip. 3 Jul. 1573. (r, One Peter Pott was prefented by queen Elizabeth to the redory of St. Clement's in the fuburbs of Oxon, 17 Mart. 1574-5. Park. II. $S. b. Admitted to the vicarage uf Milton juxta Sic gbcii ne, 15 Feb. 1577-8. Grind. 178. b. (s) ift Feb. 1584-5, Chriftopher Webbe, cl. fac. th, prof. adm. concionator. un, in eccl. cath. Cant. vue. per mort. Joh. Ingulden, fac, th. bac. Reg. Whitgift, torn. I. f. 459. a. 4 parTed [ 57 ] patted through, the Grown yard in Rochefter, in his reti from pre r a funejal fermon at G. rid, and c . to Knoil-houfc near Seven Oak in this county, then ;.. prifoh for malignants as the loyal party Mere Called. As this happened before Mr. Dixon was poffefled of the living of Tunftall, he muft either have had other preferment in this county, or the author of this account of his fufferings be miftaken in his chronology. From Knoll he was removed to Leeds caftle in Kent, then another prifon alio; where he was clofely kept prifoner for about fourteen months, under great hardlhips and ill-ufage by one Franklyn, the pretended governor of that caftle. The crimes laid to his charge were his loyalty to king Charles J, and his refuting to take the oath called the Solemn League and Covenant; which he never took. Afterwards he was fequeftered from this living ; where a parliament party came for him at midnight, fwearing thev would cut him as fmall as herbs for the pot ; but a fervant of Sir Edward Hales, bart. (who was juft before in the fame night taken out of his bed from his lady and carried away prifoner), having given private notice of their approach, Mr. Dixon efcaped into Oak-wood, not far from his houfe, where, for about a week, he lay night and day for fear of his life, and was there mppiied with fmall matters privately fent him, until in a lay habit he fled and lb efcaped that ftorm. But his houfe was rifled and plundered, and by degrees he and his family quite undone and banifhed the county. Great funis of money were exacted out of him while he had any thing by fequeftrators, committee-men, and fuch like; and he was told by one Sir Charles Sidley, that not one of his coat mould be left to pifs againft the wall before he had done with them; but the fame Sir Charles (by what motive was never known to Mr. Dixon) did after that become fo much his friend as I that [ 58 ] that he brought him off from fome other trouble before the committee as I think they were called. When king Charles II was reftored, Mr. Dixon, by the re- commendation of the aforefaid Sir Edward Hales, was inftituted prebend of the third flail in the cathedral of Rochefter, Au- gust 9, 1660, and refigning his living of Tunftall to a fon of both his names, was collated to the vicarage of St. Nicholas, Rochefter, Auguft 22, 1660, and commenced D. D. at Cam- bridge. He died in May 1688. He has written the " Nature of the two Teftaments. Lond. 1674." fol. and the " Degree of Confanguinity and Affinity defcribed. Lond. 1676." 8 V0 . -This account is taken from Walkers Sufferings of the Clergy, part II, p. 231, to whom it was communicated by Mr. James Dixon, fon to Mr. Robert Dixon. This James was born at Tunftall in January, 1648, and was baptized the 27th of the fame month: he was living here in 1680, when he ftiled himfelf an efquire; refided afterwards at Town-Sutton, was co- roner of the county and at length dying was buried here July 26, 1716. He married Elizabeth Cayfar of Hollingbourn, by whom he had iffue two fons and one daughter ; one of whom Robert Dixon, pradlifed the law at Town-Sutton aforefaid, arid was buried at Tunftall Auguft 14, 1742. Robert Dixon, A. M. fon of the preceding Robert Dixon, D. D. a fecond of thole names is the next I have yet feen : he was rector in 1678. Whether he be the fame with Robert Dixon, A.M. who was curate here in 1669 I know not. He was buried here March 25, 171 1, and was fucceeded by Edward Mores, clerk, collated to this parfonage May 7, 171 1. He built the parfonage-houfe on the glebe entirely at his own expence, 1712. He gave, at the defire of his pious mother, (who had given the filver falver in her life-time) the filver flaggon for the communion, and added thereto a filver plate for the offering, 1731. He refided conftantly with his peo- ple [ 59 1 pie till the time of his death, which, after a long and painful illnefs, happening at London April 8, 1740, he was in- terred at Walthamftow according to his exprefs defire; and was fucceeded in his living by one who has not been feen there lince his induction (/). On the north fide of the chancel at Tunftall is an hand- fome cenotaph, with a bufto of Mr. Mores and an infcription too long to be inferted here. This gentleman, defcended from an antient and genteel famih at Great Coxwell in the county of Berks, was admitted to the order of a deacon in the cathedral church of S. Paul, London, Dec. 4, 1704, and received the order of priefthood in the parim church of S. Anne, Weftminiter, Jan. 6, 1705-6, being then aged 24 years. He was collated to this rectory May 7, 17 11, and inducted into the real and actual pofTefTion of the lame by- Robert Elwick, vicar of Bredgar 15th of the fame month, by virtue of a commiiTion from Thomas Bouchier, LL. D. official of the archdeacon of Canterbury. Mr. Mores wrote " Funeral Entertainment; or a practical dil- courfe clearly fhewing the incomparable excellency of Balaam's willi. Lond. 1702 and 1704." 121110. A treatiie compofed by the author when he was very young, in purluance of an hint given by Manchefter al Mondo in his book De Contemplatione Mortis; "that it would be much more luitable and expedient, (t inftead of rings and gloves, to difpofe of pious books at fune- " rals; for they would inftruct to a good ule of thoii- objects." "The Pious Example. Lond. 172;." Svo. A difcourfe occa- sioned by the death of Mrs. Anne Mores, late of Tunftall in Kent, who departed this life Jan. 5, 1724-5. (t) We have the following I rkable account from a village in Kent, about 16 miles iliilant from Canterbury, viz. the place having been upwards of 12 y ears deilitute of a minifter, the parifiiioners, willing to tutu their want of a lector to the beft advantage, have appropriated she parfonage-houfc to the ufe of the parifli poor, and have fold the chinch. Lond. lob. »8, 175?. I 2 Hvm [ 60 ] From the account already given of the preceding rector it is eafv to guefs under what circumftances this living muft of ne- ceffity have come to his fuccenor; and agreeably thereto the next thing we meet with is a licence from the archbimop of Canter- bury dated July 8, 17 I 2, impowering Mr. Mores wholly to take down the old parfonage houfe of Tunftall, which could Itand no longer (u), and to build a new commodious and fit houfe for the faid rectory, at his own expence, in its ftead: accordingly the old parfonage houfe was begun to be pulled down July 10, 17 12, and the foundation of the new one begun 2 2d of the fame month. Mr. Mores having by this means at his own charge provided for the future refidence of a miniiter upon the fpot, and being, exclufive of his profeffion, a gentleman by birth, character, and fortune, it may reafonably be fuppofed that at leait an ordinary refpecl: was fnewn to him by thofe for whofe advantages he had been fo remarkably felicitous; but neither thefe nor more weighty confiderations are a fufficient fafeguard againft the af- faults of mifchievous and malicious men ; and for the encourage- ment of thofe who may be hereafter minded to go and do like- wife, be it known, that the only recompenfe he met with from his parifhioners was a continued feri.es of abufes, infults, and oppreffion. The firft acknowledgement received for his benefaction was an advance of his parfonage in 17 17, in the affeifment to the land-tax from £.54 to £. 100 per ami. but as the tythes of his living were let for no more than ^.95 per ann. which fum in- cluded the tenths, procurations, and other deductions, by a proper plication the fame was reduced to £. 90 per ann. which was /. 36 per ann. more than the living was rated at when Mr. res firft received it. (11) Mr. Mores found only a few broken walls and rooms fome finking and others open to the fkv; the chimnies down, and the floors deftroyed or fpoiled. 4 About [ 6i ] About this time one Thomas Banifter came from Sitting- bourne to fettle here, and being defirous of a leafe of the par- fonage in the year 17 19, applied to the redor for that purpofe, offering a coniiderable increafe of rent if Mr. Mores would turn the then prefent tenant out of it; but thefe diihoneft endeavours to fupplant anothi r perlbn meeting with a different reception from what Banifter hoped for or expected, he took the firft opportu- nity of exprefling his refentment. And in the year 1720, be- ing then afieflbr, took upon him to raife the parfonage again to £. 95 ; and to prevent a redrefs of this injury gave the rector notice by letter, that the place appointed by the commiflioners for hearing of appeals was at one place, when in. fact it was at another at coniiderable distance, by which means the rector loft the opportunity of relief, and was conftrained to pay the money, though as it afterwards appeared no more was paid into the hands of the receiver-general that year than had been paid the former year ; fo that the overplus ceded to the ufes of Mr. Ba- nifter. The next year Jacob Banifter, brother to this Thomas, being then affefTor (with one Thomas Hunt, whom he excluded from having any fhare in making the affeflment) went ftill further, and from ^.90 and ^.95 advanced the parfonage to /'.no; making the affeflment from a copy written by Thorn s, and according to his poiitive order how every body fhoukl be taxed. This Wilkins was a gentleman then lately come into the parifh : I fay a gentleman, though fuch a one he was that it to be hoped neither this nor any other parifh will be fpeedily troubled with his like again ; but of him more hereafter. This affeflment (in which I ihould have laid the two afFeflfcrs were each abated £. 1 o per arm.) the n d ag the matter beino; heard before the commiflioners June 6, 1 the parfonage was by them directed to be .J at . Banifter [ 62 -] Banifter was feverely reprimanded, and very narrowly efcaped a fine upon the occafion. Thus ended the bufinefs of the land-tax: but that was not the only grievance which Mr. Mores had fubjected himfelf to by having been a benefactor to the parifh. Upon the 24th of July, 1720, at a veftry publicly appointed and holden for the parifh, a certain rate was granted to Thomas Banifter, then overfeer of the poor, for the relief of the poor and payment of parifh debts. This rate Banifter accordingly prepared, dated July 31:, but did not produce it till Auguft 7, at another veftry, when he defired the inhabitants then aifembled to fign it ; but fome of them ob- jecting becaufe the day was Sunday, and others becaufe Mr. Wil- kins was not there, it was deferred till the next day; at which time the parilhioners being again affembled in the chancel (the place where the parifh meetings are ufually held) Wilkins con- tended that the parfonage houfe fhould be rated diftinctly from the parfonage; though that was rated to the full and higher than any eftate in the place; which the rector objecting to, and plead- ing againft, was told by Mr. Wilkins that he had no bufinefs there, and with much abufive language was directed to go out of the church. The rector feveral times perfuaded him to peace, but he ftill continued his railing, clamour, and oaths, and the inhabitants departed without figning the rate. Auguft 1 2th, the rector and the church- warden attended Mr. Juftice Kenrick, and gave him an account of thefe matters in compliance with his own requeft and direction; for he, by re- peated complaints, being well acquainted with the riotous pro- ceedings and fcandalous deportment of Wilkins, had directed that in cafe of any further abufes on his part he might have notice of them ; the refult of this conference was, that the juftice faid he would bind Wilkins to his good behaviour ; and as to the rate, it muft be figned by as many as they could get; that Sunday was as fit a day as any for that purpofe, and that it fhould be after- wards [ 63 ] wards confirmed by the juftices at their fitting: the rector ac- cordingly the Sunday following fent for Banifter, and having perufed the rate, told him his intentions of having it figned in veftry that very day, which he was affured was no improper day, and the rather to be chofen by them as they were then moft likely to be free from the difturbances of Wilkins, who was very feldom feen in the church upon a Sunday ; to all which Banifter affented, and the pariihioners being affembkd after the evening fervice, the rector, the church-warden, and every other perfon prefent, figned the rate, except Banifter the overfeer, who perfifted in a refufal, becaufe as he faid, though he was willing to oblige the rector, yet he was unwilling to dif- oblige Mr- Wilkins, who had fworn, that he would pay no taxes unlefs the parfonage houfe was rated according to his direction. A few days before the fitting of the juftices, the rate was lent by Banifter to Mr. John Hawker, clerk to the juftices, with a letter, defiring him to produce it at the fitting, whither the rector and the church-warden went in expectation of it, and to have it confirmed. When Mr. Hawker declared to the fitting, that the rate had been indeed left with him, but that word was af- terwards fent to his houfe that he fhould not carry the rate to the fitting: this trifling and underhand management gave fo much offence, and very juftly too, that a warrant iffued againft Banifter, requiring him to come and fhew r caufe why the rate was not brought according to his promile made to Thomas Hunt, the churchwarden, who was fummoned as an evidence in the caufe. The 6th of Sept. Hunt informed the rector, that he had -been warned by the borfholder to meet Banifter before the juftice the next day, between i o and 1 1 in the forenoon ; at which time the rector and Hunt attended, but Banifter came not at all ; how- ever the day after Banifter called at the parfonage, and told the rector he was then going to the juftice with the rate; the rector havi [ 64 ] ■ jremo dnft the trouble and difappojutmoat he had occafioned the :tng clay, deiited him to deter the hu= finefs to anpthej , when Hunt and himicif might go like- ; but Banifter pretending a fear of the juftice's difpleaiure, fet forth immecl and waited at the justice's near four hours, in a feeming expectation of the rector and Hunt; the confe- quence of which was, a letter from Mr. Kenrick, - couched in the following terms, which as a ipecimen of the j&ftieiary ftyle and manner of writing. 1 infert literatim: " Thomas Hunt. " Mr. Banifter, tire Overfeer of t; . poor for your parifh, was " heer yefterday, attending moft part of the Day for Mr. Mores, " according to his promife ( 1 fiancl amaz'd at the contradictions) " Banifter law-, he did not promife, to come lait Wedneiday. " you may have all y< i I p/.y ments, and Accounts allow'd " you, no occailon for the Semens Buiines — All the Difpute and " difference lieth heer, whither the paribn fhall be Seifed for his " ho ufe — -Take the Word; of the Act- — And alio to rai " Weekly, or otherwife (by taxation of every inhabitant, paribn, " Vicar, and other — -much more I could fay to you — " Give no farther particular trouble (for lie' hear none) u To your Friend, " Favi .... Kenrick." " Sep. io, 1720. Ci Your Bufines has given me moi*e " Trouble, then the Whole Divifion." The rector heard no more either of the rate or of Banifter till the 2 id of November, when Banifter called at the parfonage and : minded the poors rate for the parfonage houfe, rated diftinct from the parfonage at ^.15 per annum; upon the fight of the book the rector perceived that it was the fame rate which had been figned by himfelf in veftry the 14th of Auguft; but that the parfonage houfe had been inferted ft nee by the addition of another line which was not there before; and that the date of the [ 6 5 ] the rate had been altered from July 31 to July 30. This falfe and deceitful management, together with lb manifeft a forgery, determined the rector not to pay the money demanded, and he accordingly refufed the payment of it, and gave Banifter the proper notice that he mould appeal to the quarter M- fions for relief; which Banifter feemed at firit to difresard, faying, that the rate was ligned by the juftices (though whe- ther before or after the alteration appeared not), and ufing feveral threats and menacing exprellions, adding afterwards, much entreaty and perfuafion to induce the rector to pay the money ; but he perfifting in his refufal, Banifter went his way, and the rector expected and intended to appeal agree- ably to the notice which he had given for that purpofe. It is fomething wonderful, that any gentleman in commiflion for the peace mould countenance fo notorious an a£t of in- juftice as this moft certainly was, by fubfcribing his name in confirmation of this rate ; and more fo, that a magiftrate fhould promife to any party in a caufe what was promifed to Banifter in this ; who, as he himfelf openly declared, was allured by letter, that nothing more fhould be heard which the rector particularly fhould fay, or have to fay, concerning the rate, and the grievance which he complained of thereby. But whatever Mr. Juftice Kenrick's fentiments of this affair might be, other perfons as capable of judging between right and wrong were of a very different opinion ; and what their opinion was the following letter, felected out of many others of the fame import, will declare, the reverend perfon who was the w r riter of it is too well known to need any com- mendation here. " Reverend Sir, " I will take the firft opportunity that offers itfelf to talk " with Mr. Sole about the affair you mention. I am forry to K " hear L 66 ] " hear your uneafmefs encreafes by the injurious treatment you receive from ibme perfons in your parifh, which I would have you bear with patience ; not doubting but by a timely appli- " cation to the cant-juftices, your grievances will be redrafted. " Your cafe is really very hard, and I am entirely perfuaded, that the refolution of the juftices will be given in favour of you ; otherwife incumbents will have little encouragement to be benefactors to their cures ; iince, inftead of having their c names gilded with characters of gold, they muft expect no- ' thing but frowns and impofitions if your cafe is made a pre- " cedent. Founders and benefactors are in all places that I M have been in defervedly held in the greateft efteem ; and I " cannot but be furprized at the injuftice and ingratitude of thofe " who would have you rated for the money you have laid out " upon your manfion-houfe. I blefs God, and " I am, Reverend Sir, " Your friend and fervant, " John Barman." Notwithftanding the notice of appeal given upon the 2 1 ft of December following, the rector being then from home, came Banifter to the parfonage-houfe, bringing with him two other perfons, and alfo Mr. Cooke of Tonge, who was then conftable, and by virtue of a warrant from fome juftices as he faid (though who they were nobody knows) feized and forcibly carried away a large quantity of pewter and other utenfils from the parfonage- houfe, behaving in the rudeft and moft indecent manner, al- though Mr. Cooke (who during the whole tranfaction behaved with the greateft civility) perfuaded him to proceed refpect fully and quietly, and not to take away a quantity of goods, in value fo much exceeding what the afleflment amounted to. December the 24th, the rector received a letter from Banifter, offering, that upon payment of the rate, and a fmall prefent to the [ 67 ] the men who had accompanied him, he would reflore the goods which he had taken away ; to which the rector lent for an- fwer only, that this was an improper feafon for fuch difturbances ; and December the 26th, in a letter, repeated to him the notice he had before given of his intended appeal, at the fame time appointing him to appear at the feffions, and to bring with him the book in which the affeflment was written. The 6th of January the appeal was heard at Canterbury, when it appearing evidently that the rate had been unduly made, and the parfonage-houfe inferted after the making of it, the afTefT- ment upon the parfonage-houfe was in all points quadied, and the rector's goods were ordered to be reftored. A few days afterwards a perfon was fent to demand the goods of Banifter, who refufed to reftore them, faying, that he had them not, but had fold them according to law. The rector waited fome days to fee whether he would alter his mind, and comply with the order of the court ; but he ftill continuing obftinate in his refufal, was very fhortly afterwards arrefted. Beginning now to be fenlible of his fituation, the rector was moved by Jacob Banifter and fome others, that the matter might be accommodated, and his brother releafed ; but whether the terms were fuch as could not be complied with, or for what other reafon appears not ; the caufe went on to iifue, and was to have been tried at the enfuing affizes, at which time the rector and his witneffes attending at Maidftone, July 25, 1721, received a meffage from Banifter, requefting an interview, which being granted, Banifter defired that the affair might drop, and propofed to throw all the expences, as well the rector's as his own, into the parilli accounts, and that the whole fhould be difcharged out of the poor's rate, and declared himfelf very confident, that by his own influence, and that of his brother and Jacob, Wilkins and fome others, he could perform that feat ; K 2 but [ 68 ] but the rector refufing to be reimbnrfed by the oppreflion of fuch as were innocent, rejected his ridiculous and unjuft pro- poial ; however, the matter being refumed the next day by the interceihon of friends, and the ftrongeft affurances that all mif- underftandings arid refentment mould be for ever laid afide and forgotten, and that fuch conceffion iliould be looked upon as a perpetual obligation and a proof of the rector's kindnefs, and a manifestation of his known averiion to litigation and quarrels, an arbitration was concluded upon, and the bufmefs referred to Robert Elwick of Bredgar, clerk, and Nicholas Jackfon of Lin- ftead, gentleman ; the rector's compliance wherein was much blamed by his acquaintance and friends, and he himfelf had reafon afterwards to wifh he had been lefs condefcending. The bond of arbitration being figned, the fmcerity of Ba- nifter's affeverations appeared immediately, by the lfeps which were taken to prevent the arbitration taking place, and the vifible endeavours of himfelf and his abettors to put off the rector with fair words till the time limited for the determination of the affair mould expire. However, September 19, the arbitrators met, and notwithstanding the falfe affidavits procured by the villainy of Baker the attorney, the matter appeared fo plain, that Mr. Jackfon could not but admit that the treatment of the rector had been above meafure fcandalous ; but yet he was unwilling to award him any fatisfaction, infilling upon fuch ridiculous and extraordinary terms, that no perfon can believe he could be in earneft or in his fenfes when he propofed them. The arbitration being thus at an end, there remained nothing more for the rector to do but to bring the caufe to a trial, which he accordingly did at the next affizes holden at Maidftone, March 21, 1 7 21, and very readily recovering his damages, Banifter was constrained to pay both his own charges and thofe of the rector likewife. Pending [ 69 ] Pending this difpute, an oppofition of another kind was fet up againft the reftor, who, April 10, 172 1, having chofen a church- warden for the year enfuing, Wilkins and his aflbciates difputed his right of choice, affirming, that it lay in the parilh, and that they themfelves would chufe another. They accordingly pro- ceeded, and pretended to choofe Wilkins. May 2 following was the vifitation, when the rector, who had been appointed to preach upon that occafion, coming down from the pulpit appeared in court, and when his parilh was called, declared whom he had chofen for church-warden ; againft which the proctor for the adverfe party replied, averring from their information feveral fallities ; to all which the rector anfwered, and the judge upon hearing both parties, as an expedient for peace, but without any detriment to the prerogative of the rector, propofed to him in court to name another perfon : the rector did lb, the perfon was fworn, and the judge would fuffer nothing to be alledged again It it. So unwea-ied were the knavery of thefe mifcreants, that, rc- gardlefs of the determination of the quarter feffions abovemen- tioned, Jacob Baniiter, who fucceeded his brother as overfeer of the poor, at a veilry holden April 30, 1721, produced a certain rate written by Wilkins, though no fuch rate had ever been granted by the parilh, or indeed ever mentioned before, in which rate the parfonage houfe was again rated as it had been before. The rector, the church-warden, and others refilled to fign it. At the fitting of the juftices, May 4 following, the church- warden appeared and defired that the rate might not be con- firmed, at the fame time giving his reafons for it ; that he had not figned it, neither could he, it being fo unequal and unfair ; and that as to the rector in particular, his cafe had been already heard and determined at the quarter feffions, and therefore his houfe ought not to be affeffed again, as the affeffment of it had been [ 70 ] been fet allele before. All this appeared extremely reafonable to every body but Mr. Kenrick ; who in a froward angry manner told the church-warden the rate fhould be confirmed notwith- ftanding the quarter- feffions : accordingly he iigned it himfelf, and compelled another to ilgn it alfo. By this adt of dotage, the rector was reduced to the neceffity of purfuing the fame courie again. But the event of the former bulmcfs put an end to any further proceedings in this, and all vexation upon the fcore of affeffments cealed. As to Wilkins, his fcurrility and diibrderly behaviour encreafing, he was pre- fented by the church-warden to the ordinary, for wrangling and quarrelling in the church, and abuilng the rector with oppro- brious language there ; which presentment Wilkins appeared in court to anfwer, and denied the charge ; whereupon an intima- tion was decreed to go forth for the rector or church-warden to appear and jultify, which they accordingly did ; and divers arti- cles were exhibited again it Wilkins for abufe, wrangling, and profanely fwearing in the church ; and he would have received correction iuitable to his demerits, but, luckily for him, an act of general pardon was pafled at that very time, and he efcaped chailifement. However, the difgrace fat heavy upon him, and to the great joy of the parimioners he left the place, by his departure making room for a more worthy perfon. By this means the combination was broken, and peace reftored to the parifh ; nothing more being attempted by thefe people in their own perfons, 1724, except breaking open the church and ringing the bells at an imfeafonable hour ; which extravagant action, the parties making a due fubmiflion, was readily par- doned by the rector. But although no further vexation was given by thefe fellows in their proper perfons, yet, at the inftigation of Banifter, who was fteward to Sir John Hales, a fuit was promoted againft the 4 rector [ 7i ] rector by one from whom, upon account of his rank and quality, a better behaviour might have been expected. When Mr. Mores firft came to be rector of this parifh, he found ftanding at the eaft-fide of the church-yard a ftately row of large and tall elms. The next year, being about to build a new parfonage-houfe, the carpenter mightily perfuaded him to take them down and ufe them in the building ; but they being fo very regular, fo ornamental, and withal fo great a defence to the church againft high winds, he would by no means confent thereto. Notwithstanding in the year 17 14, Sir John Hales, pretending that they belonged to him as lord of the manor, ordered them to be felled, although it was with difficulty that he got any body to undertake the buiinefs. The trees were fo generally fuppofed to be the property of the rector, that men of honeity and civility refuied to be concerned in the affair : preceding rectors were known to have lopped them without the leaft disturbance, The land on each fide of the way was the rector's ; and the very man who was found to act in this bufinefs (Jofeph Caitile) came firlt to entreat the rector's pardon for what he was about to do, pleading his dependence on his landlord Sir John, whom if he mould difobey, he laid, it would prove his ruin, as he mould be infallibly turned both out of houfe and work. Old Mr. Baniiicr, Sir John's fteward, at that time allured the rector that himfelf had plainly refuTed to be concerned therein ; but Mr. Allen the rector of Murlton came and meafured the diftance of the trees from the church-yard wall, and finding it to exceed 18 inches, orders were given for their being cut down, and they were cut down accordingly. But there were two allies, the one very fmall, the other fome- what larger, oppofite to the church-porch, which ftanding clofer to the wall (i. e. within 1 8 inches) were for that reaibn left un- touched ; [ 7* ] touched ; and it was faid by the workmen, as Sir John's ex- preffion, that though he would take his own, they fhould not take them becaufe they were the parfon's. One of thefe allies having a fpreading top, which was trou- blefome to the waggons which came loaded down the road in harveit, the rector was feveral times defired that it might be lopped or cut upwards. But in the year 1724, having occafion for a poft about ibme repairs, the trees being inconvenient to the road, the rector thought it better to remove them both ; the value whereof did not exceed for the beft 2s. 6d. for the other is. Near two years afterwards, in the beginning of March, 1726, the rector being iick in his bed of a violent fever, came one Mr. May into his chamber at London, and declared that he had procefs againft him, at the fuit of Sir John Hales, for a trefpafs ; but any farther particulars he knew not. His coming at a time when the rector was in fo dangerous a ftate, and fo very unfit to be diiturbed upon fuch an occafion, feemed to import fome- thing very conliderable. The rector therefore fent to his at- torney, who was then in town, defiring him to do what was proper in the cafe ; and fo foon as he was able to go abroad, was carried by a gentleman of fome eminence to Sir John, that he might learn his offence. Sir John flood at his parlour win- dow reading, but fent out word that he was not at home. The iervant was then required to go in again, and afk what other time would be agreeable to his matter to be waited upon about bufmefs : the anfwer was, that he had no fuch time. Being at a lofs what method to take after this treatment, the rector was advifed by Sir Thomas Hales to write a letter to Sir John, which he accordingly did, 1 8th March, 1725-6, telling him, " that he knew not of any trefpafs againft him, and upon " the utmoft ftretch of recollection could think of no caufe of " action, except it was the taking two trees from the bank of 44 his [ 73 ] '« his church-yard fence, which trees, for many reafons, he be- " lieved to be his own ; and one of thofe reafons was, that Sir " John himfelf had declared fo. Neverthelefs, if Sir John would li now declare that he really thought the trees were his, the " rector would very readily pay the value of them : other wife, " though the rector was by no means difpofed to litigate trifles, " he would with equal readinefs try the right with him." To this Sir John replied that he valued not the trees, but had been informed that the rector had fpoken ill of him, mentioning the expreffions which he had been told the rector had uttered againit. him ; and fuch expreffions they were as none but the raoft defpicable of mankind ever make uie of. But being allured by the perfons who waited upon him with the letter, that* the rector was a perfon of no fuch behaviour, Sir John appeared fatisfied, and faid that he would Hop any further pro- ceedings. The rector being informed of this accufation, was exafperated greatly ; and fcorning to be fuppofed a perfon of fuch language (which, however common with Thomas Banifter, who was Sir John's informer, was never ufed by him), wrote a fecond letter to Sir John, vindicating himfelf as to that particular, which pro- duced a mefTage from_Sir John, requefting the rector's company at a time appointed ; at which time the rector waited upon him, Sir John repeated what he had before laid, and allured the rector, that as he had before promifed to flop any further proceedings in the law, he had then actually done fo by a letter to Mr. Lawkins, his attorney for that purpofe ; adding ftili further, that he was feniible of Baniftei's mif-reprefentations, and upon what account thefe ill offices were attempted, and that more might be attempted hereafter ; but for the future, no re- fentment mould be taken by him till he had grit written to, or feen the rector. L With [ 74 ? With this afTurance from a perfon of Sir John Hale's qua- lity, who would not have been fatisfied ? But words are no deeds. Some months after the rector found the fuit to go forward ; and the third of June, 1726, received a letter from Thomas B'anifter, purporting, that unlets the rector paid 4I. and charges, Sir John Hales would proceed. The 8th of June following, the rector wrote to Sir John, reprefenting to him " how incon- " fiftent this behaviour was with honour and his own arTurances.'* To which he was not pleafed to give any anfwer. in what manner this affair ended, cannot certainly be faid. It appears not to have come to a trial; and if it had, muft in all likelihood have been determined in disfavour of Sir John Hales. His demand feems to have been for two very fmall afhes which grew clofe to the doors of the parfonage barn towards the road, where was formerly a common well for the ufe of the poor people in the adjacent cottages, before the inhabitants of thofe cottages had feverally wells for their diitinct and particular ufe ; which they feem not to have had before the year 1680. Thefe trees Handing in the way of the barn were taken down by the rector, on a prefumption that they were his own, in the year 17 17, being then valued at 3s. after the carriage of them had been paid to Sittingbourne ; fo that with refpect to thefe, had the rector been in an error, Sir John was precluded by the ita- tut'e of limitations. And as to thofe growing by the wall of the church-yard, if they were not the property of the rector, it is doubtful whether Sir John could have any pretence to an action for them, that part of the parifli being not in the bo- rough of Tunftall, for which his borfholder is chofen (as the parfonage houfe and barn is), but in the borough of Bredgar, in the manor and hundred of Milton, and the borfholder of Bredgar collects burrough-filver of Mr. Grove on one fide the church, and of the ale-houfe on the other ; from whence it fliould follow that Sir John had nothing to do with them. 1 Monu- [ 74* ] 1 2th May, 1740, Robert Tyler was collated to the redtory of Tunftall by archbifhop Potter, vacant by the death of Edward Mores*. Againft him the ad vertifement mentioned in p. 59, feems to have been lev Med. He died June 12, 1766. He was alfo vicar of St. Lawrence in the Ifle of Thanet. July 14, 1766, Tho. Pennington, M. A. on the death of Tyler was collated by abp. Seeker. * Regift. Potter, fol. 273, b. ■'L 1 Monuments [ 75 ] Monuments and Arms in Tunftall Church. In the body of the church are three Hones whofe brafTes are all loft. One had a fmall plate, with an infcription in the middle ; the fecond a head with a like plate, and a fcrole now remaining in- fcribed gjjju lUtTcrete 1UC ; on the third were four ftiiel k at the corners, and a plate in the middle. On other ftones. " Here lyeth interred The body of Thomafin Gore, Wife of the late Gerrard Gore, Of Tunftall, efq. She was eldeft Daughter of Edward Hales, OfChilfon, efq. Only fon of Samuel Hales, The fecond fon of Sir Edward Hales, knight and baronet. She departed this life on the Twenty-firft day of January, In the 49th year of her age ; And left ifiue three fons And two daughters, Viz. ROBERT," Elizabeth, Thomafin, John, and William. MDCCVIl." L 2 In [ 76 ] In the chancel on white marble. "ROBERT GROVE, junior, Efquire, Juftice of The Peace (a) (of Timit all) in the COUNTY Of KENT, died October The roth, A n0 D om 1716, Aged 24 years." Arms : Ermine on a chevron Gules 3 efcallops Argent, Adjoining to the above : M Here lieth the body of John Grove, eldeft lbn Of Robert Grove, of Tunflall, Efq. who departed this life Nov 1 ", the 20th, Ann. Dom. 1704, Aged Twenty Years and Eleven Months. HERE Alfo is interred the body of Mrs. Elizabeth Grove (mother Of the faid Mr. John Grove), who Died the 29th day of July, 1722, Anno iEtatis 64. Engraven on a brafs plate, in capitals: Chriftopboro Webbcs (b), viro opt' integerrimo, Johannis Webbes de Gillin- g ham in comitatu Cantii armigeri filio, in facra Theologia Baccba- laureo, S" Johannis in Cantabrigia olim prarfidenti dig- nifiimo, hujus eccia:fia, in qua nunc demum componitur, paftori vigil amiffimo, 16 liberor', Jocofe, Maria?, Johannis, Elizabeths, Alicia;, Thoma?, Edvardi, Katharinae, Prifcillce, Afra;, Chriftc; heri, Rogeri, Jacobi, Martha?, Francifca?, Matthia?, partim fuperflitur.i, partira dcfuftoru parenti piiffimo ; qui poftquam numerofam familiam ct domum apprime hofpiratem (c) fumma cu laude aluiffet, vitam inculpatnm annos natus 63, cum placidamorte 7 Januarij 1610 comutavit (d) Katharina picntiflima conjux hoc meritu moerens monumetu pofuit." (a) and quorum has been erafcd. (b) See p. 56. (c) Si*, fer hofpitalcnu (d) Sic. for coir.nrotavit. Above C 77 ] Above this on the fame flone, but a feparate plate, are thefe arms : Quarterly, i G. a fefs between 3 owls Or. 2 .... a fefs between 3 lozenges G. 3 Ermin, or rather fix fpots of ermine 3, 2, 1. 4 .... ^ a chevron G. between 3 eftoiles. Creft, a dexter irm couped above the elbow holding an oak branch with leaves and acorns. Clofe to the ft regoing is an effigy in brafs of a pried: in hi& robes, with this inscription: " Hie jact dns Radus Wulf (r) nup rector ifti' ecctie qui Obijt xx° die Junii A° Dm MVCXXV cui' aie ^pitiet' D'. Amen." On a label iffuing from his moulder, " Spes mea in deo eft." Adjoining to which, " Hicjacet Margareta filia dni Jacobi Crowmer militis dudtim vsor Jonis Rycyls heredis manerij de Eflyngbam {f) qure obiit fedo die dcebr. Anno Domini millmo CCCCLXXXXVJ enjus anime f ppicict Ie' A me. At each corner of this ftone are coats of arms, but too much defaced to be made out, except towards the right hand at the top may be feen, Crowmer impaling Argent, a fquirrel Gules, Squirry of Weftram [g), and at the bottom towards the left, Crowmer (e) Seep. 55. if) John Rykeld was tenant to the prior and convent of Rochefter for jEfiingham here men- tioned 1 H. VI. He was (lieriff of Kent in the third year of this rei^n. anno 1425, and kept his fhrievalty at vEflingham. The fon. or grandfon of this John Rykeld may probably be the John Rycylesof the infeription. See Year Books 1 1 H. VI. Pale. :(■>. Weever, p. 332. 368. Fat.:i R. II. m . . . commiflio direda Will Rickhill de colloquio habcnilo cum duct Glouc' in villa' Cales exiftent. See my extracts from the archbifliop's registers, p. 126. 134 170. 131. This Sir William Rickill was admitted ferjeant at law 7 R. II. and conftituted- juilicc vi th-j bench 20 Maij 12 R. II; he was fent for into parliament touching this bufinefs ol the dui.-; oi Gloucester, 1 H. IV. See Hollis's Remains, p. 48. (g) Here the fciuirrel ftaads upright on his hinder legs. 4 impaling [ 73 ] impaling on the right .... 2 bars between 3 annulets .... On the left, Erm. on a chevron 3 leopards faces, .... as here engraved. /' 78 '■th-m*'' 'aatrrtt In the chancel. " HERE LIETH THE BODIE OF JANE WOOD, ONE OF THE DAUGHTERS OF JOHN ADYE OF DONINGTON, WITHIN THIS COVNTIE, GENT. AND LATE THE WIFFE OF JAMES WOOD ALIAS, AT WOOD OF GRAYSE INN, GENT. OF THE FAMYLIE OF SIR JOHN WOOD, OF SNAD . . . [What fhould follow is hid by the communion rails.] Certamen illud prseclarum certavi Curium abiblvi." Arms : Quarterly. 1. a chevron between 3 bulls heads. 2. On a fefs 3 fleurs de lis. 3. On a fefs 3 roundels. 4. Gone. Impaling, a chevron indented. On the North iide of the communion table : " Elizabetha Cayfar de Hollingborn, Uxor Jacobi Dixon armigeri de Tunttall, pia, modefta, eleganti forma, et ingenio vivaciffimo ; unicam filiam duos filios reliCtos habuit : Alteram fobolem jamjam paritura In ipfo conamine fuccubuit, Et [ 79 ] Et praematura mors feipfam nobis, Et nos feipfa infeliciter eripuit, Non fine ingenti amicorum luctu pariter et dilpendio 31 Maias 1680." Arms : Gules on a bend O. between 6 plates ; tbrce torteauxes ; a chief of the 2 d charged with 5 Ermine ipots impaling G. a chevron engrailed Ermine ; on a chief Or 3 fleurs de liz Sable. South of the communion table is a black marble thus inscribed : " Here lyeth the body of John Putland, late of the county of Stafford, gent, and one of the curfitors of the high court of chan- cery. He married Ann daughter of John Grove, efq; of this place, who, out of due regard to his memory, dedicates this marble. Natus Aug. 14, 1702, denatus Sept. 16, 1755." Againft the north wall of the chancel, a monument of Dr. Cheke, with his effigy in white marble, and the following in- fcription : " READER Learne to live Learne to die by this example of Patience, Humility, and all Chriftian Virtues. ROBERT CHEKE, (b) D. OF DIVINITY, OF SINGULAR PIETY LEARNING : 4 ' h SONNE OF JOHN OF THAMES-DIT TOM IN SURREY, OF THE AUNTIENT FAMILY OF THE CHEKES OF BLOOD-HALL IN SUFFOLK, ON THE ^ OF JULY, IN THE YEARE OF OUR LORD t6 47 , OF MIS AGE 78, RETURNED TO HEAVEN. TO WHOSE HAPPY MEMORY HIS EVER MOURNING AND MOST LOVING WIFE MARY, DAUGHTER OF WILLIAM CLARKE, OF FORD IN WROTHAM. ESQ^. ERECTED THIS MO- NUMENT, AND DESIRES HERSELFE TO BE BURIED BE- SIDE HIM WITHOUT ANY OTHER REMEMBRANCE OF HER THEN THAT SHE LIVED AND DYED ONELY HIS." On a fillet of black marble over the head of the bull : " I know that my Redeemer" Sec. (A) See p. 56. ' . ms [ So ] Arms on this monument ; Or a cock G. beaked ana membred Az. Or a bend engrailed Az. Fekerham of Berks. Quarterly, i 8^4, Or a cock G. beaked and membred Az. a crefcent for difference. 2 & 3 Barry of 8 Or and Gules. Fitz-Allen. Impaling Or a bend engrailed Az. Fekerbam of Berks. On the left of D r . Cheke's, Mr. Mores's monument, In a chapel on the fouth-iide of the chancel A very handfome monument againft the wall with the effigy of Sir James Crowmer and his wife praying before an altar, and four of their children in the fame attitude. " MEMORLE S A C R V M. Scire viator aves ilia quis conditur urna : Mors hominem dicit vita fuifTe bonum. Qualis erat ? Miles, Crowmeri flemate clarus : Nominis heu nunc elt ultimus ille fui, Quatuor hie genuit natas, at mafculus hreres Defuit ; hinc nomen, non tamen hoc penit. Fallorenim, quicunque Deo fua nomina tradunt In libro vitae nomina fcripta tenent. Obiit 27 Martii, 1613. LADY MARTHA HIS DEARE AND SORROWFULL WIFE, FOR HONOUR AND LOVE, NOT WITHOUT MUCH GREIFE HATH ERECTED THIS MONUMENT." Over [ Si ] Over one of the daughter?, the arms gone, « FRANCIS THE ELDEST DAUGHTER OF SIR JAMES CROWMER, OF TUNS i ALL, KNIGHT, BY FRANCIS HIS FIRST WIFE, DAUGHTER AND HEIRE OF JOHN SOMERS, ESQ^ MARRIED TO SIR MATHEW CAREW, KNIGHT, SONE AND HEIR OF SIR MA- THEW CAREW, KNIGHT." Over the other three : ELIZABEETH, MARTHA, AND CHRISTIAN, THE DAUGi I- TERS OF SIR JAMES CROWMER, OF TUNSTALL, KNIGHT, BY MARTHA LAD V CROWMER HIS SECOND WIFE, THE ONLY DAUGHTER OF SIR MATHEW CAREW, KNIGHT, AFORESAID. Arms : Quarterly i 8c 4, Argent, a chevron engrailed be- tween 3 crows Sable. Crowmer. 2 8c 3, Argent, a fquirrel erecT: Gules. Squirry of Weltram. Quarterly, as above, impaling 1 Or, 3 lions paffant guardant Sable. Carew. 2 Gules, a manche Ermine ; a fleur de liz for difference Or. Delamar of Oxford. 3 Or, 3 torteauxes, a label of 3 points Az. Courtney. . 4 Az. femee of fleurs de liz, Argent, a lion rampant Ermine. 5 Gules bezantee, a canton Ermine. 6 Per fefs and pale Or, and Gules, 4 efcallop lhells counter- changed. 7 Az. 3 bendlets Argent. 8 Ermine, a bend Gules. Barnake. 9 Gules, a bend Argent between 3 plates. 10 Gules, a fefs wavy Argent. 1 1 Gules, a chevron between 3 doves Argent. 1 2 Argent, a crofs fiore Sable. M on [ 8 2 ] Upon the floor before this monument lyes a flone, with the following infcription upon a brafs plate : " Here lyeth buried Henry Guyldeford, efquyer, captaine of her majeftie's forte of ArtclyfFe neere to Dover, the third ibnne of Sir John Guyldeforde, knight, in Kent, who deceas- ed the xxiiij th of Maye, 1595, beinge of the age of lvij yer- es, and in the yere of the raigne of our foverigne lady queene Elizabeath xxxvij." Over which on a feparate plate are thefe arms, A faltire between 4 mullets, a mullet for difference. He was brother to Lady Elizabeth Crowmer, mother of Sir James^ Upon each of the pinnacles of the monument have been fhields ; one is loft, the other ignorant! y reverfed. Weflward of this monument is a ftatue in white marble of Sir Edward Hales, lying at length in armour, reclining on his left arm on an altar of black marble ; on a fcroll of white marble this infcription : M. S. HERE LYETH SIR EDWARD HALES^ OF TUNSTALL IN THE COUNTY OF KENT, KNIGHT AND BARONETT, WHO DIED THE SIXTH OF OCTOBER, 1654, IN THE SEVENTY-EIGHTH YEARE OF HIS AGE. Arms : At one end of the altar ; Gules, 3 arrows Argent, headed Or. Hales. At the other end, Or, 3 lions pafTant guardant Sable. Carew. In front, Hales impaling Or 3 lions paftant, Sable ; a iiniiter hand couped, G. on an efcallop Argent, a mullet Or. Quarterly, [ 33 ] i Hales. i A chevron engrailed ; colours worn out. n , u. i J 3 Argent, 3 lions heads erafed Sable, langued Gules. ' 4 Gules, on a chevron Argent 3 talbots paffant Sable, on an inefcotcheon Az. a fefs Ermine between 3 lions heads erafed Or. Harlakenden. Painted on vellum, and hanging againft a pillar in Mrs. Cham- bers' pew ; Az. a fefs Ermin between 3 lions heads erafed Or, impaling Per chevron Sable and Or 3 eagles difplayed counter-changed. Underneath is this infeription : " In the upper end of this ally lyeth interred the body of Sylvefter Harlackenden of Ufton, in the parifh of Tunftall and county of Kent, Efq. of the ancient family of the Harlackend- ens of Woodchurch, in the faid county, who departed this life he 19th day of March, 1659, being the 54th yeare of his age." On the reading defk : " W. 1588 G." Arms in the windows. In the eaft window of the chancel. Cro~Jome") impaling Quarterly .... defaced *. Ditto, impaling Quarterly, 1 8c 4 per fefs and pale Or and Gules. 2 8c 3. loft. Ditto, impaling Quarterly, 1 8c 4 Ermine .... defaced, but the fame as in the eaft window of the north ille ; 2 8c 3 Sable, a chevron between 3 mattocks Argent, as before: fome fragments of an infeription fcarcely legibb. * In the annexed plate the impalement is Quarterly, i. Az. a Hon rampant O. 2.3. patee fuche Arg. 4. Arg. on a chief Sable a lion rampant Arg. impaling Arg. a faltire t M 2 Weft [ 8 4 ] Weft window of the north ifle : Argent, i bars nebule Gules, or barry nebule of 6 Argent and Gules. In the next window : Ermine a fefs nebule Gules. Perhaps I/ley, In the next window : Crowmer impaling Or, a plain crofs Gules ; with others defaced. Crowmer, with the creft. Haut. Crowmer, impaling Or 3 chevronels Sable. Some mutilated images of a dragon, a woman, and a great ferpent. In the next window : Crowmer, Impaling Or a plain crofs Gules, and Argent, on a chevron Gales between 3 bugle horns, Sable, as many mullets of 5 points Or. Haut. Crowmer, impaling Ermine on a chevron Gules, 3 leopards faces Or. Canteiupe ; and Sable, a chevron between 3 mattocks Argent. Mofeley.. Orate ro am ' CCC M% In the eaft window of the north ifle. In the middle partition fided by the rofe and fceptre France and England. Quarterly, 1 8c 4, Az. 3 fleurs de lis Or. 2, 8c 3, Gules, 3 lions pavTant Or. Crowmer. Az. 3 fleurs de lis Or, impaling Crowmer. Crowmer, tJnde ^.n^n^r/i/-^}/^ ^Aanrr/ , Y* /// / fit - ?~&-7tr7?t_^s7« 'J?n t/u E . /widow oftAz N. £^. P-84. C*t>7ism*r ^- J ^{Zv7i y. rwcMe u /?/,/<'/?' oftAe N. , r > n '/* Urvnrmer Cr<(■! V* T /w//J. eft/ie N. uJe. NW////// oft/ir^S pinq. pdei Steph. & die. qd pdea Julia eft de xtat. xl am:. & ampl. &i pdea Alicia de set. xxx ann. & ampl. in cuj. rei tell, pdei jurati figilla iua appoP. pdea Marg. nullas alias terras feu ten. tenuit in balfia mea die q° ob. nifi terras & ten. in iflis inquifitionibus con. P. 17. Efc. irE. III. p. i.n. 49. Kane. Inq. capt. apJ Eard 12 Febr. poft mort. Hug. de Joh. Steph. Cobeham tenet vnm feod. in Tunftalle juxta Sydyngbourn, & valet p ann. xx libr. P. 37. Bund. Efc. 10 E. I. n. 23. Bre R. dat. apud Perfore 7 Jan. & direct, vicec. Kane, de inqnirendo fup libtatibz & confuetud. quib. Rog. de Shyrlande & antecefT. qui tenentes fn. de Sh. & V. ufi funr. Inq. facia apud Mydd. die 2 ( px.' pod ffn Matth. apli ann. 1 1 E. I. Dcus Rog. & antecefT. fui in Hi. pdcis ufi funt here wrecc. maris, blodwyte, chUdwyte & amceiarnent. pidor. & braciatoru de tenentib. fiiis propriis & qd nullus ball. " C . 7V;c Mari'te Sail ■ H. Parlours. E A narrow Staircase on which formcrty stood an Imaoe . F ■ trnwtl ■ 'tlirci.'t . G ■ Kitchen. ft.BucUrj Puntiy. I . Servants Hall- K Larder. L . Wine toiler. M. (ZHcr.part ci 'the Monies i ~hapeZ- X Leads under which tire Few! Houses, SCc. O.WoodYard.SCc. P. Brewhousc .supposed to have ieen the Kitchen cr~ thcMonaslry. Q . Water (rate ■ R. Rooms or tells with Fireplaces i/t rlicm . S .Monks tells having encha Window, cut nc Fireplace. T J. i ini fan/ Phicc- V. B t'd Souse. 11 5 a to . frlestord Garden . tbitfh Jb&nTMn ■•■■ 7ha& tteUn-ifft. C i J ANTIQUITIES in KENT, HITHERTO UNDESCRIBED. AYLESFORD. THE Priory here, commonly called the Friers, is pleafantly ieated on the banks of the Medway above the town. Phili- pot calls it a fkeleton ; but certainly without reaibn ; for even at this time the major part thereof remains very fair, and the leafl demolifhed of any conventual edifice in this part of the county ; owing to its having been, after the fuppreflion, the refidence of feveral eminent families. " It was founded by Richard Lord "Grey of Codnor, in the year 1240, 25 Henry III. for Car- " melites or White Friers in honor of the Virgin Mary #. " Many of his defcendants were buried in the conventual church " of this monaflery. It was granted with the royalry of it by " Henry VIII. to Sir Thomas IViat ; and on his fon's attainder it " efcheated to the crown, and was granted by Queen Elizabeth " to Mr. John Sidley, and he bequeathed it to his brother Sir " William Sidley, and from that family it pafiTed by fale unto " Sir Peter Rkaut, whofe heir Sir Paul Ricaut conveyed it to Mr. " Caleb Banks of Maidftone." Whofe fon Sir John Banks Bart. * Philipot, VillareCant. p. 47. Tanner, NotrMc:». p. 2*3., B leaving 4 KENTISH ANTIQUITIES. leaving two daughters, coheireffes, Elizabeth and Mary, Elizabeth carried it in marriage to the hen. Heneage F/'ncb, iecond fon of the right honourable Heneage Finch earl of Nottingham, and lord high chancellor of England. It is now the property of his deicendant the right honourable the earl of AyteSford. The great gate from the road is ftill entire, and the apart- ments over it, when I was laft there, ferved for the refidence of the lie ward and Ins family. It opens to a large fquare court, in which are feen all the door-ways to the cells. The fide where the high buttrelFes are on the left hand within the gate was the "Teat hall or refectory, now divided into rooms. The kitchen was likewife on the eat! fide of the fquare, as appears by the large fire-places in one part of it. The chapel was that part of the building which Hands ealt and weft. The north ikle of it fronts the garden, as the fouth does the river. The eaft window of it was where now is the dining-room or gallery-door with the iron balcony which fronts the town. The principal parts of this convent, as the hall, chapel, cloifters, and large chimney pieces of the kitchen or refectory yet remain at the fouth-eaft angle. Between the north fide of the new college and fouth fide of the church remains part of the north cloiiter ; and the door- way from it into the church is frill vifible by the fair mouldings, though it is now flopped up. Through this door the matter and brethren proceeded daily to their ftalls, yet remaining on each fide of the great chancel, to celebrate mafs for the foul of the founder and his noble family, whofe graveftones, with their effigies and infcriptions, richly ornamented with brafs plates, paved a great part of the chancel of this collegiate church t. Several of the matters of the college were likew ife buried in the church, whofe portraitures, habited as priefts, were on the brafs plates of their grave- ftones, which, for the molt part, arc now torn off or deftroyed. Two of the faid plates were in an * Weever, p. 328. Tann. Not, Mon. 228. f R»g'rt- Rcff. P- ~fi\- B 2 old 4 KENTISH ANTI Q^U I T I E S. old chelt in the chancel when I was there. The infcrlptions nre preferved in the Regiftrum RofFenfe *, and in Hfclinfhed t. The door-way, with its mitred arch, at the eaft end of the cloifter, vet remains, with the large iron hooks on which the door hung. This appears to have been the eaft entrance of the college from the gardens. John lord Cobham, the founder, married Margaret daugh- ter of Hugh earl of Devonfhire, and had iffue by her Joan his only daughter and ible heir ; who married Sir John De la Poole, Knt. and had iffue by him Joan De la Poole ba- ronefs Cobham ; who, by her fecond hufband Sir Reginald Braybrooke, Knt, had iffue one only daughter and heir like- wife named Joan. She matched with Sir Thomas Brooke of Somerfetfhire, Knt. who was in her right lord Cobham, with all the honours appertaining to that great barony. From him, in lineal defcent, was George Brooke lord Cobham, lord deputy of Calais, and knight of the moft noble order of the garter J ; who, after the dilfolution of religious houfes in the time of king Henry VIII, had a grant from the faid king, of Cobham college. He lies interred in the middle of the chancel under a moft ftately tomb of white marble, with his effigies and that of his lady at full length, who was fiiler and coheir of John lord Bray ; and round it are the portraitures of their children kneeling. This fumptuous monument was eredted by his fon William ; but is now miferably mattered and defaced by a large beam or tim- ber falling on it many years firice from the roof of the chancel. William lord Cobham was conftable of Dover Caftle, lord warden of the Cinque-ports, knight of the garter, and lord chamberlain of the houfhold to queen Elizabeth. He founded and endowed the prefent college for the maintenance of twenty poor people ; and appoints, under his will, Sir John * P. 764. -f CaftrationSj p. 1503. } Pedigree penes me. Levefon, C O B H A M C O L L L G E. 5 Levefon, Knt. Thomas Fane, Efq. and William Lambarde, Efq. his executors and truftees to erect the laid college, requiring them to perform the fame within four years nexi after his de- ceafe; and to that end gave unto them and then i eirs lor ever, in and by his faid will, " all thofe edifk , ruined buildings, foil and ground, with the appurtenances, which fometime belonged to the late fupprelied college ; and wilis the prefent to be called the 2\\zj College of Cobhom. He likewife gives unto them one hun- dred thoufand of fuch burning bricks as fhall be within his park, or about his houfe at Cobham Hall, and forty tuns of timber to be taken in any of his lands within the county of Kent, his park at Cobham and Coolinge excepted*." By an act parTed after his deceafe in the above queen's reign, it is enaifced, that the wardens of Rochester Bridge for the time being, and their fucceiTors, mall from henceforth for ever be called by name, and fhall be in deed, the prefrJents of the faid New College of Cob~ ham, in the county of Kent, and fliall be from henceforth a body corporate, and have perpetual fucceffion by 'Jiat name for ever; and that the fair! college fliall from henceforth forever be called the New College of Cobham in the county of Kent ; and that the faid prefidenfs, and their fucceffors for ever, fhall have a common feal for the ufe of the faid college ; and fliall and may, by the name of the Prefidents of the New College of Cobbam, in the county of Kent, both fue and be fucd, implead and be im- pleaded, 8cc. t Accordingly Sir John Levefon, Knt. and William Lamlxirde, Efq. being at that time wardens of Rochelter Bridge, were the fern prclidents of the faid college ; and drew up molt excellent rules and ordinances for the election, maintenance, and well governing, See. of the poor there. The number of the poor to be twenty married or unmarried, of which, one being a Rcg';ft. Roff. 242. t lb. 24;- man, 3 6 KENTISH A NTIQ.UI TIES. man, mould be from time to time chofen, from any place what? foever, without any reftraint, and prefented by the Baron Cob- ham for the time being, to be admitted and placed for warden of this college. Another, being a man alfo, mould be from time to time chofen from any place whatfoever, without any reftraint, by the prejidents of the college, and their fucceflbrs, and placed fetbwarden of this college. The eighteen reiidue, being men or vornen, married or unmarried, mould be chofen from the re- fpewlive pariihes as mentioned in the rules and ordinances drawn up by the above worthy prefidents. The revenues belonging to this charity arife from lands in the neighbouring pariihes of Shorne and Chalke ; and in Weft Thurrock and Stiftbrd in Eflex. Among the MSS. in my pofTefuon relative to the college of Cobham is a lift of the prefidents in a long feries of years from its firft erection ; and likewife the accounts and difburfements, &c. of the paymafters for the faid college, who are clerks of Ro- chefter Bridge ; among which are the following articles. Anno 1600, for two dayes worke in makinge the pewes for the poore people in Cobham Church — vns. For two locks for the iron door • jxs. vid. For xxin Cognufaunces (Lions*) for the poore there to weare — — — — ivs. vind. Anno 1603. Paid for a bell, to call the faid poore people to morninge and eveninge prayer — ivs. vid. Anno 1608. Elenor Newchurch expulfed for whoredome. The excellent regulations eftablifhed by the firft prefidents, agreeable to the pious intentions of the founder, were for a while, duly obferved ; but in length of time little if any regard was had to them ; a misfortune too frequently incident to chari- * Arms of the founder, viz. Gules on a chevron Argent, a lion rampant Sable, langued and un- gu'.ed Gules, crowned Or. i tabic COBHAMCOLLEGL 7 table inftitutions ! for, through the inattention and neglect of «iany of the prefidents who refidedat a great diftance, and their office being only for a year, improper people were made choice or" for the office of warden, who is the principal perfon in the col- lege, and is to fee to, keep an account, and inform of the be- haviour of the reft ; fuch a perfon being necclTary in order to re- form the great irregularities, inform the prefidents, fee that prayers are obferved, church kept, contention avoided, fwearing, drinking, lying out in the night, Sic. forbo n. And for thefe reafons a perfon may be put into the office out of any part of the kingdom, lnftead. of which, mean, dependant, day-labour- ing perlbns, who could have no authority, capacity, or time to execute the office, were put into it ; which was the caufe of all the irregularities in the college, and abufe of the charity. By which means the practice was to put into the college the molt abufive, wicked, vile, and obnoxious perfons, in order to free the pahfhes from the trouble and difgrace of them, to the great difcredit of the college, and perverting the intent of the donor, who defigned it only for the poor and godly. In the year 1733, Dr. Thorpe was elected one of the wardens of Rochefter bridge ; the indefatigable pains and care which for many years he beftowed during his leifure hours for the benefit of this corporation ; and the flourifhing ftate in which he left it, are fufficiently known, as the large collection of valuable manufcripts in my poffeffion relative to it will fully teftify. He was likewife, in the fame year, one of the prefidents of this col- lege, and immediately fet about the reformation of it, by having an abftract containing the fubftance of the rules and ordinances of the college reprinted, together with the morning and evening prayers, as they are ufed in the laid New College of Cobham ; and likewife the form of a certificate from the nominators and electors 8 KENTISH ANTIQUITIES. electors of the poor perfons for the refpe&ive pariihes upon any vacancy. He had the feals of the office of prefidents re-engraved in a neat manner, with the arms of the founder properly blazoned ; took care to have the buildings put in good repair ; and the eftates of the college to be let nearly to the full value, or the beft bidder. He fuffered no improper perfons to be admitted, and by fre- quently vifiting it, took notice if the warden and fubwarden did their duty, in having prayers duly obferved, and irregularities avoided. In fhort, he tifed his utmoft endeavour to reinftate every thing agreeable to the rules and ordinances, which were drawn up by the excellent pen of William Lambarde, Efq. one of the firft prefidents, and I hope they ftill continue to be ob- ferved. I fhall here fubjoin (from Strype's Annals) Mr. Lambarde's letter to lord Burghley concerning the will of William lord Cob- ham, relative to the endowment of this his New College. William Lambarde, a Jujiice of Peace in Kent, a learned Antiqua- rian, that wrote the Perambulation of Kent and Eirenarchia, bis Letter to the Lord It'eafurer Burghley, concerning the lafl Will of the Lord Cobham (who died this year), and fome of his Legacies. He was Conjlable of Dover Cqftle, and Lord Chamber- lain to the ggeen *. " Albeit, my mod honourable and gracious Lord, that my " Lord Cobham will prelent your Lordfhip with a brief and large " copy of the lad Will of that molt honourable and chriftian " Lord both in life and death, his late departed good father ; yet " forafmuch as his lafi difpofltion ftandeth not only in his known * Strype's Annals of Church and State under Queen Elizabeth, vol. IV. No. CCI. p. 270. " teftament, COBHAM COLLEGE. <5 " teitament, but chiefly in the declaration of a fecret ' confidence " repofed in Sir John Levefon, Mr. Fane the lieutenant of Dover " Caftle, and myfelf ; whereof he hath alfo in thefe his laft de- il fires recommended the overfight to your good Lordihip and " Mr. Secretary, I take it to Hand both with his own good plea- " fure and my duty to make known hereby (fince your lord- " iliip's indifpofition of body permitteth not mine accefs) the " heads and very contents of the fame, " His lordihip therefore minding an undoubted accompliih- " ment of his godly and fatherly intentions, as well towards the " poor as his own children, did in his life-time put into the hands " of Sir John Levefon the fum of 5600I. almoft in ready money, " over and befides rich furniture of his late lady's proviiion, " amounting in his own eftimation to the value of a 000 marks. ?.' His commandment to us was, that with 2000I. or more of thefe " monies, the late fuppreffed college of Cobham mould be re- " edified, and endowed with livelihood for the perpetual main- " tenance of twenty poor. Next, that with 2000I. or thereabouts, " his fecond fon, Sir William Brook, lhould be freed out of debt, " for to fo much he knew him to be endangered by mortgage of " his lands and leafes, and by other bonds. And laftly, that an il intereft for life in fome competent dwelling-houfe be procured " for his third fon Mr. George Brook ; and that fome confideration " fhould be taken of the poor eftate of his daughter's children by " Mr. Edward Becker. And as for thefe furnitures, he would " have them to be delivered to fuch of his thr:e fons as fliould " firft beftow himfelf in marriage. " Give me leave, moft honourable lord, to add fomewhat of " his, and of mine, concerning my now lord Cobham and his " brethren, which neither it will grieve you to hear, nor I with- " out their wrong may pretermit to write. We find them all " not only to concur in moft chearful obedience to the utmoft exe- C " cution re KENTISH ANTIQJJITIES. l( cution of their good father's will and purpofes, but alto to con- ** tend among themfelves whether of them fhall be more kind " and bountiful to the other, whereof I moft humbly befeech " your good iordlhip to take knowledge, and to confirm it in them {i with your good liking, their honourable father being moved " by me to ufe them, or ibme of them, now, for the execution " of his will, however in the letting down of his former wills he " had pretermitted them, in regard, as I conceive, of their rni- " norities. He anfwered thus, ' I would well to follow the exam- " pie of my father herein, who, notwithftanding that I and other " of my brethren were then of man's eftate, ordained Benedict Spi- " nola and Mr. Ofborn to be his executors.' " I have faid enough, if not too much, confidering the prefent " weaknefs of your lordihip's body, which I moft heartily pray fi the heavenly phyfician to re-cure ; and fo moft heartily take " my leave. From Lincoln's Inn, the xvtb of March, u Tour good lord/hip's moft bumble, and bounden, " by your manifold favours, " William Lambarde." Cobham College is a neat quadrangular building, compofed of fmall fquared ftones, containing twenty lodging-rooms for as many poor families. The fouth and north fides within the quad- rangle are in length fixty feet feven inches, the eaft and weft fifty- one feet. On the fouth fide is the hall, which is a large room with a fcreen at the entrance, and a railed floor at the upper end, as in other ancient halls, See. On the right fide from the en- trance, is a large fire-place with a ftone chimney-piece, at one corner of which, in a plain fhield, are thefe arms : In chief a Saliier, in bale an elcallop-fhell. At the other corner is a Saracen's head, one of the crefts of Brooke. In the windows on the fouth fide are the arms of the founder in painted glafs, and over the fouth portal or gate of the college next the gardens are iikewife COBHAM COLLEGE. Ir likewife his arms, with the quarteriags of Cobb M. P« 373- i Bibl. Topogr. Britan No. I. p. 14. S Regift. Roff. p. 760. chapeL i<5 KENTISH ANTIQUITIES. chnpels and fide ailes, to have burying places in them ; which were frequently endowed with chantries, to pray for the fouls of their founder and his defcendants ; and without a doubt there was one for Sir Stephen de Penchejler in his chapel at Penfhurir, as there were in the chapels abovementioncd, w'ni a he en- dowed with lands for the fame purpofe. It was likewife then the prevailing fafhion to have their portraitures recumbent on their tombs armed and crofs-legged after the manner of knights Templars, agreeable to the rude fculpture of thofe times, and generally with French epitaphs. But as all fublunary matters have the fate of an uncertain inconftancy, fo had this great man's tomb ; for after his bones had refted in it for feveral ages, it was deftroyed to make room for the graves and monuments of the Sidney family, to whom this chapel appertained as lords of the manor of Penfhurft. His mutilated effigies, after being tumbled about, was at laft placed erect on a wooden block or treifel, on the fouth fide of the laid chancel, againft a door which has many years been fattened up, where it now remains with the words Sir Stephen of Penchejler painted over it on the wall *, His arms w r ere, Gules, a crofs voided Argent. The vague descrip- tion which Harris gives of this figure in faying, " it is of white marble, and hath a face of antiquity enough to be genuine t," fhews that he obferved it with little or no attention. The draw- ing (plate III. fig. i) was taken in the year 1777. The ancient font in this church is a neat piece of workman- fhip, and octangular. In each compartment is an antique fhield within a Gothic rofe, with the following devices. In the firft are the letters IH2. In the fecond A. R. in Gothic capitals coronetted or flory. In the third XP2. In the fourth is the true and moil ancient crofs in Heraldry, or what Gnillim calls a crofs patible. The fifth is as the * Regirt. Roff. p. 920. t P. 485. 4 firft. PENS HURST. i; firft. In the fixth are the arms of the fee of Canterbury. 1 he feventh is as the third. In the eighth is the crofs embelliihed with the inftruments of our Saviour's paffion, as the crown of thoj fpear, fcourge, See. The compartments round the lhaft or column arc ornament with double Gothic arches neatly pointed. This handfome font, like many others, is daubed over with paint ; which was done many years fince, and at the fame time with the pillars and fcriptural fentences in the church. The drawing, plate IV. fig. 2. was taken in the year I775j and exhibits the elevation and compartments feparately. C H A L K E. The porch of this church is remarkable for its ftrange and whimfical ornaments, a tafte which often occurs in Gothic archi- tecture, as may be feen on fome of the buildings in Oxford, and in various parts of the kingdom. Theie chimerical ' dreffings convey little if any meaning or deiign, and appear to have been merely the effects of rude caprice, and fantaftical humour of the architects and fculptors of thofe times. Here the artift has indulged his fportive fancy in a manner too loofe and abfurd for a facred ediiice. On the crown of the arch at the entrance is the figure of a man in the character of a jolly tippling fellow, holding, a jug with both hands, and look- ing up with a mod expreffive laughing countenance to a gro- tefejue figure in the attitude of a pofture-m after or tumbler above the center of the moulding, as if pleafed with his pranks and performances, and about to drink to him. Between thefe figures is a niche or recefs ornamented with a neat pointed Gothic arch and roles, in which formerly flood the rood or image of D the iS KENTISH ANTIQUITIES. the Virgin Mary, to whom the church is dedicated. The im- propriety if not indecency of its being placed between two fuch lu- dicrous figures one would wonder mould efcape the obfervation, and not excite the difguft of the congregation, who, as good Ca- tholicks, ufually made their reverence when they approached it. The drawing (plate III. fig. 3.) was taken anno 1777, and mews the elevation or front view of the porch. The niches and rood-lofts Hill remain in many churches and' monaftick buildings; but the roods or images were, after the Reformation, taken down and deltroyed, SPELDHERST. This church {lands on an elevated fituation, and is remarkable for the loftinefs of its mingled fpire, but more fo for the curious porch, over which, in an antique fnielcl cut on ftone, are the arms- of France, with a file of three lambeaux, for Charles duke of Orleans, general of the French army, who was taken priibner at the battle of Agincouit, by that famous foldier Sir Richard Waller,. for which fignal fervice king Henry V. affigned to him and his heirs for ever an additional creft, viz. the arms or efcutcheon of France hanging by a label on a walnut-tree, with this motto af- fixed, He? jruc~his virtutis. The king committed this noble pri- ibner to the cufiody of Sir Richard, who held him in honourable reftraint many years at his feat at Groombridge in this pariih r which the duke rebuilt for him on the old foundation. He like- wife built the porch, and was a good- benefactor to the repair of Speldherit church. Sir Richard Waller''-- was fheriff of Kent the nxteenth year of Henry VI. and kept his fhrievalty at Groom- * Philipott, p. 520. bridge, S P E L D II E 11 S T. I9 bridge, and was before fheriff of Surrey and SiuTex in the twel year of that prince*. From him, in a direct defcent, Gro bridge came to Sir William Waller, who was fheriff of Kent in the twenty- fecond year of king Henry VIII. arid lies buried the church, at the upper end of the nave, in the year : ~ under a grave-ftbne, on which are feveral brais plates with effigies of him, his wife and eight children. His Ion Sir Wa Waller and Elizabeth his wife are interred in the chancel, to v ] i memory, on the fouth wall, is a beautiful monument of alabafter, with great variety of work and ornaments, v.nd over it arc thelc arms, viz. two coats quarterly, firit, Sable, three walnut-tree leaves, Or, between two bendlets Argent ; fecond, Azure, a che- vron, Or, fretty Sable, between three crofles moline Argent ; third as fecond ; fourth as fifftj impaling, Gules, three fwords bar-ways argent, pomelled and hiked Or, between eight mullets of the laft. In a canton parted per fefFe, Argent and Or, a Lion paffant gardant Gules. Crefts, over baron, a walnut-tree ; over femme, a hand holding a fword, the blade broken off by the hilt. Underneath are two arches, in one a man kneeling in compleat armour, with the quarterings above deicribed hanging on the pommel of his fword, and three fons. In the other, the effigies of his wife (with her arms) and two daughters kneeling, in the drefs of the times, and on two tables of black marble are the fol- lowing inferiptions : " Fde prayfe thy valour, but Mars 'gins to frown; " He feares when Sol's aloft that Mars rauft down : " Ide prayfe thy fourme, but Venus ciry.es amayne, " Sir Water t Waller will my Adon ftayne : " Ide prayfe thy learning, but Minerva cryes, " Then Athen's fame muft creepe when Waller's fives. * Philipott, p. 120. -;- Sic. D 2 "AlTift 20 KENTISH ANTI Q_U I T I E S. " Affift us England in our dolefull fong, " When fuch limbs fade thy flourilh lafts not long. " Earth hath his earth, which doth his corps inroule, " Angells ling requiems to his bleffed foule. " All worthy eyes read this that heather come, " Never decaying vertue fills this tombe j " Never enough to be lamented here, " As long as womankind are worth a teare ; " Within this weeping ftone lyes lady Waller, " All that will know her more a faint muftcall hir i " Life fo directed hir whilft living here, " Leavell'd fo ftraight to God in love and feare ; " Ever fo good, that turn hir name and fee, " Ready to crown that life a lawrell tree*". Of this family was defcended Edmund Waller f , efq. the cele- brated poet, as is the prefent Edmund Waller* of Hall Barn, near Beaconsfield, in Buckingham fh ire, efq. Over the arms of the duke of Orleans, was a fmali nich or recefs, now filled up, in which ftood the rood or image of the Vir- gin Mary, to whom the church is dedicated. * Regift. Roff. p. 80S. t " Whofe famiiv," fays Dr. Johcfon, "was originally a branch of the Kentifh Wallers, and ' his mother was the daughter of John Hampden or Hamden, of the fame county, the zealot of ' rebellion." Our poet's occalional vilits to his relations at Groombridge were frequent in the early part of life. To this place he was attracted by its neighbourhood to Penfliurft. " Too young to refift beaut)', and probably too vain to think hknfelf refiftible, he fixed his heart, perhaps half fondly and half ambitioufly, upon the lady Dorothea Sidney, eldeft daughter of the earl of Leictiier, whom he courted by all the poetry in which SacharifTn is celebrated His acquaint- ance with this high-born dame gave Wit no opportunity of boalting its influence ; flie was not to be fubdued by the powers of verfe, but rejected his addrefles, k is faid, with difdain, and drove him away to folace his difappointment with Amoret or Phillis. She married in 1639 the earl of Supderland, who died at Newberry in the king's caufe ; and, in her old age, meeting fomewhere with Waller, afked him when he would again write fuch verfes upon her ; When you- are as voting, Madam, faidhe^ and as h.'.r.dfomc, as you were then." The SPELD HURST. 2I The noted chalybeate fprings, though commonly called Tun- bridge Wells, are in Speldhurjl Parilh. The drawing (plate III. fig. 4) exhibits the fouth-weft view of the porch, and was taken in 1776. W O L D H A M. In this parifh) which derives the name from its fituation under the wolds or downs, is an ancient houfe now called Starteys, near the river Medway ; but in times of remote antiquity, it had the repute of a manor, and was known by the name of IVoldham parva, or Little IVoldham. After fundry defcents it came to be the inheritance of Sir Humfrey Starkey, one of the barons of the Exchequer in the reign of Henry VII. who erected the prefent houfe called after his name. He was defcended from the Starkeys of Wrenbery and Oulton in Chefhire *; and lies interred, with Ifabel his wife, in the church of St. Leonard's Shoreditch, where was the following epitaph on his tomb ; " Orate pro animabus " Humfredi Starkey militis, nuper capitalis Baronis de Scac ario M Domini Regis Henrici Septimi, et Ifabelle uxoris ejus, et om- " nium amicorum fuorum, quorum &ct." From him it came down to Sir John Lew/on, whofe fon Sir Richard Lewfon transferred his right in it to that learned baronet Sir John Mar/ham^ and it is now the property of his defcendant the right honourable Robert Lord Romney, It is built with ftone, and was in former. times a handfome flrong edince, and much larger than at prefent, being now only a farm-houfe ; and, when this drawing was made, much out of. repair, the great window of the hall being, for the moll part,, flopped up with bricks and plailter; * Phiiipotr, p. 3-4. J Wecver. p. 45,7. Harris 2J KENTISH ANTIQUITIES. Harris fays, that he " law at Starkeys the remainder of a pretty e chapel *." Of which onlv a fragment of the \\ all is n w to be feen at the eaft angle of the honfe; but when 1 lived in . a larger portion of it was (handing, and one of the windows with its mitred or pointed arch. In the church, . . north i le, is a fmall chancel belonging to Starkeys. The drawing (plate IV.) was taken in the year 1709, and 01 louth-cail view of the hou:.'. G I L L I N G H A M. The manor, now a farm-houfe, and called the Court Lodge, is feated near the church. It was, in very remote times, the property of the archbifhops of Canterbury, as appears by the books of Doomsday and Textus RofFenfis. They had here an eminent palace, in which they fometimes had their refidence. I have iubjoined the following account of its remains as they ap- peared when laft I vifited them, September 7, 1776. The large building ftill remaining, which I judge to have been the great hall of the palace, and now converted into a barn and granary, is built chiefly with flint and fome ftone, and has been plaiftered over. The old windows, both on the eaft and weft ends, with their Gothic mullions and arches, yet remain, but ibme are flopped or filled with bricks. The great room has fire- places at each end ; the plaiftering on the infide of the walls is ftill fair, and fhews no appearance of there having ever been either upper floors or any other partitions. The chimney jambs at each end projected into the room, and the funnels were worked up in the head w r alls, and came out at the ridge of the roof. There is no window at the fouth end ; and the ancient * Harris, p. 337. door- G I L L I N G H A M. » 3 door-way on the weft fide, no doubt, was enlarged to admit of tbe prefent pair of barn doors. Its loftinefs, and the above reaibns, in line me to think it was the Hall. The eaft lide was ftrongly fupported with fhores, as it was much out of a perpendicular, and in danger of falling. On this fide the building projects ; and the tenant of the Court Lodge faid, that fo long as he could remember (and he knew it was fo in his father's and grand-father's time, who were likewife tenants) this part or projection of the barn is, and has always been, called the Chapel. Notwithftanding the appellation, however, it never could have anfwered the purpole of a chapel, as there are not the leaft traces or figns of having ever been any window or door from without. I mould rather think it ferved as a recefs for the ufe of the butler, or a withdrawing room or rooms for the com*- pany in the hall, as there arc two Gothic arches or doorways leading out of the great room into it ; which gives me lome ground to think it was heretofore divided by partitions, and that the circular holes were made to convey away the dirty water, ! There is a door-way out of the barn into it, which you de- fcend by two or three fteps, as fully appears in the accurate plan of the whole taken in the fame year by my ingenious friend John Tfeffe of Brompton in that pariih, and exprefled in pi I V. fig. i, 3, 4. I find there have been heretofore two windows on each fide ; and it is now made ufe of as a granary ; but to what purpole this, and the barn-part of the building, may have ferved in ancient days, if not-fbr a Hall (or, according to the tradi- tional account, a chapel) I will not prefume to determine. With- out doubt there was a chapel, as i f is recorded in the Textn fenfis, that the archbifhops, during their relidence in this pa- lace, gave confecrations to biihops. 24 KENTISH ANTI Q^U I T I E S. All the foundations of the palace that are at prefent vl.'b' about the Court-Lodge yard are inferted in the plan, agreeable to the fcale; and the outer thick ftone wall on the fouth fide, covert d with ivy, in great part remains, and may be traced on part of the weft fide as defcribed in the plan. Some workmen digging about two or three years before I was there, clofe by the foun- dations, found a large antique fpur almolt deftrcyed by ruft, which was thrown aiide and loft ; and a Roman coin, which Mr; Treffe borrowed of the tenant for my infpection. It is copper, of the emperor Antoninus ; the reverfe a woman fitting. Dr. Harris fays, a very large urn, containing fragments of burnt bones and allies, was many years fince dug up in the fait marfhes of Gillingham *. Indeed, many difcoveries of curious Roman -antiquities have very lately been made, In enlarging the military lines near Brompton, fomewhat fimilar to thofe difcovered on Barham and Chartham Downs near Canterbury, in the inde- fatigable refearches of that late learned antiquary the Rev. Brian Fauffet of Nackington, M. A. F. S. A. His noble collection is now in the poffellion of his eldeft fon Godfrey FaufTet, Efq. at his feat called Hepington in that parjfh. The Romans ufually had tumuli or barrows, Sec. near their roads, and on the hills adjacent to their principal ftations. * Hift. p. 131. References V G I L L I N G II A M. 2j - References to the plan of Gillingham, plate V. fig. r. A. The crofs. H. Foundations of the palace. B. Thecage,removedtherei663. I. A large barn, formerly thehall. G. Parifh church. K. The prefent farm-houfe. D. Veftry room built 1770. L. Another farm-houfe erected E. Chapel belonging to Eaft alfo within the verge of the Court. outer wall of the palace. F. Chapel belonging to the M. Road to the Grange. Grange. N. A pond, apparently made G. Church yard. fince the decay of the palace. Eaft view, fig. 3. Wall two feet eight inches thick. Height of the building from the plinth to the eaves, fifteen feet. Ditto> of the part that projects on the eaft fide, ten feet. THE GRANGE Is an eminent manor fituated about a mile eaft of Gil- lingham church. It is a large old brick building, and has a- pound by the road fide near the yard gate. Without doubt the houfe was much larger in more early times, and built with ftone ;•: for, as far back as the Conqueror's reign, it was in poffeffion of the lords Haftings, anceftors to the earls of Huntington. In the reign of Edward III. it defcended to John Philipott, Efq. alder- man of London, and lord mayor temp. Richard II. who, for his- fignal fervices performed for the ftate, was knighted by that' king, and had an augmentation to his paternal coat of arms,. He was founder of the chapel here, as it was affirmed on its fup~ preffion in the reign of Henry VIII *; Harris fays, u at this feat there was formerly a church or chapel, which was valued at 6£. per annum in the king's books : it was * Philipott's Villar. Can:, p. 167. E built 26 KENTISH ANTIQUITIES. built by Sir John Philipott, but is now only a barn*." From this vague defcription I am inclined to think he never faw it ; for it could be no church, and certainly much too fmall for a barn. Jn former times, lords of eminent manors had frequently, by the permiffion and confent of their diocefans, oratories or chapels contiguous to their maniions, for the convenience of their houfhold and tenants. This chapel ftill remains; and ftands near the home, at the weft end. It is built with ftone, and very fair, and is now covered with thatch. The eaft end, within four feet of the ground, becoming ruinous, has been taken down, and is now weather-boarded. The door-way and windows on the fouth fide are only to be feen within ; as they are outwardly concealed by a wooden fhed erected againft it„ The length of this chapel is 41 feet and a half; breadth at the. eaft end 2 1 feet. When I was there, it was made ufe of as an outhoufe for implements of hufbandry, poultry, &c. The drawing was taken the 7th of September, 177,6. See plate V. fig. 2. T W I D A L L, From the Grange the road leads directly to Twidall, another eminent manor houfe about a mile diftant, a: the extremity of the parifh. From the family to which it gave name, " it was palled away by Richard de Tzvida/I, in the fourth year of Richard II. tov Job?i the fon of Robert de Beaiifitz. The chantry here was founded by John Beaufitz, who was fon of the above John, which he makes provifion for by his laft will the 11& of November, 1433, and orders it to be dedicated to John the Baptift, and like wife that one prieft mould there celebrate mafs for the foul of him- * Hift. p. 130. felf, T VV I D A L L, n felf, his wife Alice, his father John, his mother Ifabel, and his uncle William Beaufitz*." The ini^riptions on the brafs plates of the graveftones, together with an account of all the portraitures and arms of the above am- cient and noble family, which were in the fine windows of Gil* lingham church, and deftroyed in the time of the rebellion, are prelerved in the Regiitrum Roftenfe, from the curious MS. of Baptift Tufton, prelented to my father by his friend Robert Paynter, Efq. the laft of the antient family of that name in this pariih, and lord of the manors of Eaft Court and Twydall, which eftates he bequeathed to the late Thomas Lambarde of Seven- oaks, Efq. Philipott fays, " the feats in the chapel, and other remains, de» clare it to have been formerly a neat and elegant piece of archi- tecture t." Indeed, it even anfwered his defcription many years ago, when I faw it. However, its beauty did not prefer ve it, for it was pulled down in the year 1756, with a part of the old houfe ; and if L mifttike not, great part of the materials at pre*- lent compofe the foundation of a large barn. The chapel joined to the main building, was in that wing which run northward or north-weft, and was handfomely wainicoted,- H A L L I N G. The Bifhops of Rochefter had, from very early times, a pala< e here, in which they much relided ; and many of their in- ftruments in the Regiitrum Roffenfe are dated from hence. The manor, wharfs, and ferry, are the property of the bifhop ; and all leafed to William Daly/on of Weft Peckham, Efq. but the tithes and prefentation to the vicarage belong to the derm and. chapter. * Etiilipott, p. 168. t Ife Che 28 KENTISH ANTI Q^U I T I E S. The palace was pleafantly feated on the banks of the Medway r and near the church. The learned antiquary William Lambarde,. Efq. reflded in it fome time, where he compofed the moft part of his work entitled " A Perambulation of Kent ;" and in my me- mory, there was a handfome row of ftone flairs remaining, which reached the length of the palace, for the convenience of the bifhop's barge and other veffels to land. When I lived at Wold- ham, on the oppofite fide of the river, the roof of the chapel was deitroyed : but the walls, with the windows and door- way,, remained entire ; and part of the hall, &c. was converted into a; dwdling-houfe, and inhabited. There were like wile fome re- mains of the large kitchen, and out-offices ; but all thefe buildings have fince been totally deflroyed for the lake of the materials-. Concerning the ftatue of Hamo de Hethe, who was bifliop of Rochefler, and confefTor to Edward II. and built largely here y which flood in a niche over the entrance, and was prelerved by. my father, and by him prefented to bifliop Atterbury ; the reader will find, with other curious matters relative to this palace, in. the fecond volume of the Antiquities of England and Wales, by my friend Francis Grofe, Efq. The drawing (plate VI. fig. i.) mews the eafl view of the re- mains of the palace, with the pariih church in the back ground,, as they appeared in the year 1767. END OF THE FIRST PART. [ *9 1 ANTIQUITIES IN KENT, HITHERTO UNDESCRIBED. PART II. O O K S T O N IN this pariili ftood the ancient feat called JVborne's Place, fo denominated from Sir William IVhorne, knt. who erected it. He was Lord Mayor of London in the year 1487, and 3d of Henry VII. It was pleafantly fituated on the weftern bank of the Medway, commanding a view of the downs above Woldham on the oppofhe fhore ; and the meanders of that beautiful river down to the city of Rochefler, and upward to Hailing, Burham, &c. on each lide. For a particular account of the defcents of this eftate, from Sir William Whorne to its prefent proprietor the Right Hon. Robert Lord Romney, I refer the reader to Mr. Hafted's Hiftory of this county, vol. I. p. 482. Nicholas Lew/on, or Levefon, Efq. purchafed it about the be- ginning of Queen Elizabeth; fori find by an accurate furvey of the manor of Potynes in Snodland *, taken in the fecund year of '•' MS. penes me. F her 3 o ANTIQUITIES IN KENT. her reign, by order of Thomas Wotton, of Houghton Malherbe, Efq. that ionic portions of the land of his laid manor of Potynts- V to the lands of Nicholas and Thomas Lewfon, gentle- men, t l'hould Teem that, while Whorne's Place was in the pohc :ffion of this family, they beftowed much attention on it, by en tg it and making great improvements, as appeared by the arms of Levefon, quartered with three other coats hereafter mentioned, in a very handfome compartment over the well or- badc-door. I mull: confefs, that as to the building itfelf, I firv no part except the large bow window towards the river, which could have been of Whorne's eredion ; and it may be obferved in plate VII. that it breaks the regularity of the front. And I conceive that, on the re-erection or improvement of this rflan- fion by the Levefons, this window being curious, they fuffered it to remain without deligning their new work in any manner to iuit it, the room which it lighted being little more than the win- dow itfelf. A flight of flairs led from the river to a terrace walled in front ; and on the fouth fide of the houfe were large gardens inclofed with brick walls, which produced a fine echo on the river, when opposite. On the north fide of the houfe flood the magnificent ftables, built with brick, in length 88 feet, in width 25 feet, with two fine towers, and pilafters on each fide the door-way. The whole front was enriched with a .profuiion of work, and executed with excellent fymmetry. The pediment over the door was ornamented with handfome ftone mouldings, and dental cornice, and three fhields of arms. That in the center contained the following nine coats quarterly : 1 . Three laurel leaves,, the arms of Levefon. 1. Two bends wavy, between 2 leopards heads caboffed,.. with a border. 3,. On a chevron betw r een 3 cinquefoils, 3 roundles. 4., Ermine, a lion rampant, within a border ingrailed. 5, A, OOKSTONE. 3 l 5. A cheveron between 3 cinquefoils. 6. A cheveron ermine between 3 buckles. 7. A cheveron between 3 cheflrooks. 8. Five martlets on a chief indented 3 crowns. 9. As the firiL Sir John Levefon, of Whorne's Place, in Cookftone, married Margaret daughter of Sir Roger Manwood, knt. whole arms were, Sable, two pallets Or, on a chief of the fecond a demi-lion naiffant of thefirft. Thefe arms are in a lozenge on the right-hand of the above quartered coat, and mould imply that the laid Margaret was the firft wife of Sir John, the three lions rampant in the left- hand lozenge being probably his fecond wife's. Wherefore I conclude the nine coats quarterly were the arms of Sir John Levefon, knt. and that the building was erected by him. His brother Sir Richard Levefon, knight of the Bath, who was of Trentham in StafFordfhire, alienated all his lands in Kent to dif- ferent perfons, and among them Whorne's Place, in the reign of Charles I. to that moft excellent hiftorian and antiquary Sir John Marfham, bart. author of the " Chronicon Egyptiacum," and other learned works. Father Simon in his writings called him "the great Marfham of England ;" and Anthony a Wood, in his Athen. Oxon. vol. II. p. 783, obferves, that all the great and learned men of Europe his contemporaries acknowledged him to be one of the greater! antiquaries, and moft accurate and learned writer, of his time. I have been told, and from good authority, that his fine library was in this building, in the apartments raifed on the north- call end of it, and another floor over tbem, with ftair-cafes on the outride to each floor. A pretty extraordinary circumitance, that no inconveniences from the feeding, Sec. of horfes under the JluJs' mould be apprehended. But the height and other reafons might be more regarded. There were, I think, four rooms F 2. above 32 ANTIQUITIES IN KEN T. ft. \ir above on each floor ; but of little ufe for many years ^ a Caleb Perfect, the late rector of this parifh, informed me, that fome years ago he often viiited poor fick people in ibme of them ; and there was a window in the ftudv, if I miftake not, that de- ferved notice. It is a great pity two fuch venerable buildings fhould have been deftroyed : but only tenants and labouring- people having for many years lived there,, and the noble and worthy proprietor refiding altogether at his feat near Maidftone, .. they were pulled down in the year 1782; and the whole, as 1 am informed, is defigned to be cleared away, except the granary and barn ; the former is to be converted into a farm-houfe, and. the fcite of the old feat into meadows, &c. Plate VII. exhibits a view of the houfe, and plate VIII. a front view of the ftables of this curious old manfion. The granary is a fmall building adjoining the road to Hailing, , the fituation of which will be better underftood by the plan annexed. To Hailing "To Strood, A Granary. B Barn. C Stables. The way out of the road into the. yard is between the granary and barn. € AN- i Tim of the Roman vlrch if Worthgate />? Canterbury; from the Cqftk lard ^ ■ " ' H iy i i ) i i || ;i [ ! ? «% ir ri^^ Mw of the Jam* a?H afflears from the Garden in the fty Ditch . I' lfHMf" -U^-h^-h^ » +*Wi J )ii*< y * j,n .i t .^ *+ >' A. /7:.;/i,- ,M/si 1771 C 33 3 C A N T E R B. ■ V R Y. NEAR Wiricheap Gap in this city {lands Wortbgate, now dif- tifed and walled up, through which in ancient times the Roman road continued in a direct line from Caitle-ftreet to Wincheap, Chilham, &c. The alteration of this road, which now makes an elbow into Wincheap, and the different irations of the military way, the reader will find amply treated of in Battel v's edition of Somner, p. 12, 8c feq. Worthgate is without doubt the fineft remnant of antiquity in this city, and perhaps the molt entire of its kind in the kingdom *. The prefervation of it is owing, as Mr. Goftling informed me, to the care and generofity of Dr. Grav, an eminent phyfician of this city (who died in 1737), through whofe intcrceffion the corporation were prevailed on to let it re- main, who orherwife would have taken it down. And for its fur- ther fecurity, the doctor, at his own charge, repaired the infule wall with new brick work and coping, and under it erected a commoui • ous bench +. The boldnefsof the arch, confining entirely of Roman bricks, ftrikes the eye of the beholder with a kind of veneration. In the infide next ihe Caltle-yard the ground has been raifed fo much from time to time, that no more than one foot fix inches of the ltone piers or columns to the fprings of the arch are now to be feen ; but when viewed on the garden fide in the city- ditch, the gate makes & noble appearance, as the height of the * I eland, in his Itinerary, fays, " The moft ancient buildinge of the toune ap- " pcareth yn the cartel, and at Ryder's gate, where appere long Briton brikes." The old way to London is found to have been along Cattle- ftreer, and through this gate ; which Somner thinks took its name either from its vicinity to the c.iltle, (Forth fignifving a fort, or caftle ; orelfefrom a corrup:ion of fVardgate, from the watch and ward kept in and about this fortrefs. See Air. Grofe, under his view of Canter- bury G'Jlle. j This bench has been long removed, and the Roman bricks are no.v decn or rather falling out by the decay of the cement. A \ Ian i^ alio in agitation tor caking down the whole, and opening the old (trait road through the ( - ird. piers 3 + ANTIQUITIES IN KENT. piers is feven feet fix inches. They are compofed of a kind of rag-ftone, two feet iix inches in breadth, which appear to have been fquared, bnt are now irregular and uneven, from being much corroded and mouldered away through the great length of time; whilftthe arch, which confifts of a double row of bricks, remains as firm and durable as ever, fo well had the Romans the art of tempering and burning their clay. The length of the longeit brick on the cattle fide is one foot five inches, depth of the thickeft three inches ; and the number of the infide row 102 or 104*. I took the meafurement of this gate-w;iy in the year I77*> when the drawings in plate IX. were made, and find it correfponds nearly with that fince published by Mr. Goftling t ; which I fhall here give as follows. In the infide, Fe t. Inches. The diameter of the arch is - - 12 3y It fprings from the piers - -60^ The piers above ground - -16 On the ditch fide, Height of the plinth - 10 From that to the fpring of the arch - 6 6 Breadth of the gate-way from pier to pier 12 6 Height of the gate in the middle - 13 7t The thicknefs of the arch - - 24 The earth raifed on the cattle fide - 60 As Mr. Goftling has given views of feveral gates in the city and about the cathedral, it is a wonder that Worthgate, the molt curious and ancient of any, fhould be omitted \ ; as are likewife * Not more than 88 now remain entire. ■f Walk in and about Canterbury, 2d edit. p. 365. X A very fmall indiftinct view of it occurs in Mr. Grofe's plan of Camerbury Came. thofe HATHA M. 35 thofe which lead into the White and BLick Fri?rs. It may he the fate of the two laft, one time or other, to be taken down, as many have been, to make more room; and as no draught of them has hitherto been made public, I have here given, in plate X. a front view of them taken in the year 177 1. The fmall niches or re- ceives frill remaining over the gates were formerly ornamented with figures of faints; which, on the fupprelilon of thefe mo- nafteries, were taken down and deftroyed. H A T H A M. EGELRICUS, a prieft of Cettham, is mentioned as a bene- factor to the monks of St. Andrew in Rochefter, and was one of the fecular canons of that priory*. His being afterwards ap- pointed by his fraternity an officiating prieft in this parifh, im- plies that there was a church, or fome place of divine worfhip, which muft have been but a fmall mean building, as were molt of the facred edifices at that early period. But after theConqueif, when the Norman architecture prevailed, and lords of eminent manors built and endowed places of public worfhip on their de- mefnes, the buildings were upon a more enlarged and elegant plan. Chatham was the principal manor which appertained to the barony of the potent and illuftrious family of the Crevccoeurs, and their place of refidence before they removed to Leeds Caftle; and they were frequently written Domini de Cetham t. Hamon de Cre-vecoeur was one of the knights who attended William I. to * Text, Iloff. p. 181. t Phillipott, Vill. Cant. p. 104. I England, 5 ANTIQUITIES IN KENT. England, and was rewarded for his fervices by the king with the manors of Chatham and Leeds. Kilburne calls him Hugh, and fays, that he began the building of Leeds Cattle-. His defcendant, Robert de Crevecoeur, or de creplto corde, as he is ftyled in the Regiftrum Roffenfe, founded and endowed, anno 1119, the priory at Leeds for Black Canons regular, of the order of St. Auguftine, dedicated to St. Mary and St. Nicholas ; which, at the fuppreffion, according to Dugdale, was valued at 362 1. 7 s. yd, per annum. Many of the founder's name and family were afterwards be- nefactors to this monaftery, by granting to it divers revenues and liberties ; and fo great w r as his zeal, that he granted to it, for the repofe of his own foul and of the foul of his uncle Hamon Dapifer, feven churches at one time, fituated on his eftates ; among which was the church of Chatham, with the rights and profits of the fair, &c. there t. This eminent family coming into England with the Conqueror, and being pofTefTed of this manor, it is moil likely they enlarged if not re-edified the church ; which, as before obferved, mutt have been but a fmall edifice, and fre- quently liable to deltruclion by the cafualties of fire and invafion of foreign enemies. It was no longer under the patronage of the canons of St. Andrew, but the cure of it was fupplied by a monk from the new monaftery at Leeds, whom the prior fhould appoint, and might remove at his pleafure ; though it was en- joined that he mould profefs canonical obedience to the ordi- nary J. For when Gundulph was conlecrated bifhop of Ro- chefter by archbiihop Lanfranc, March 19, 1077, who both likewife came from Normandy, and had been monks of the abbey of Bee in that province, he difplaced the fecular canons from the priory of St. Andrew, and filled it with monks of his own order, * Survey of Kenr, p. 164. t Rcgift. Roff. p. 209, & feq. £ Ibid. p. 214, &c. who CHATHAM. 37 who followed the rule of St. Benedict. The antient church of Chatham being confunied by fire, the Pope granted a letter of indulgence, anno 1352, of a year's relaxation of penance to all perfons who mould enable the inhabitants to rebuild it*. It was dedicated to the Virgin Mary, and Philipot fays it was repaired, and the fteeple rebuilt by the commiffioners of the navy, in the year 1635+. According to a late Hiftory of Rochefter, p. 267, the Eaft end of the church, now ftanding, is nearly all that re- mains of the building raifed by the Pope's brief, the North and South ifles are of a latter date, and the faid commiffioners rebuilt and enlarged the Weft end. Philipot only fays they re- paired the church, and erected the fteeple ; and indeed the antient window over the door at the Weft end ftill remains unaltered, and is now the only part of the church that wears the face of antiquity. The Weft end has been en- larged fince with a bold pediment fupported by pilafters, and with a pigeon-houfe-like fteeple ; and the whole building is now plaiftered, and fo much modernized, as to have, though a neat, yet little appearance, of a facred edifice. A South Weft view in its prefent ftate is exhibited in plate X. fig. 1, Some few years fince, in digging a grave in this church, a hand was found intire and uncorrupted as far as the wrift or me- tacarpal bones, griping the hilt of a fword ; the other parts of the body were totally confumed, and likewife the blade of the fword. It was -afterwards kept in a fmall box with bran, at the fexton's houfe on Chatham Bank ; and when I faw it, I obferved that the handle of the fword was, for the moft part, mouldered away ; which being of brafs, the moifture had penetrated the flefhy parts of the hand and nails, and tinged them of a verdc- greafe colour, which had prefer ved them. * Regift. E.de Shepey, fol. 257. b. j Villar. Cant. p. 104. G CRAN- 38 ANTIQUITIES IN KENT, CRANBROOKE. A T MUkhoufe Street^ fo denominated from an antient feat in this parifh, ftand the ruins of a free chapel, founded and en- dowed by John Lawlefs, about the latter end of the reign of Henry VII. but on the general diflblution of the religious houfes, king Henry VIII. granted the lands belonging to it (then valued at 84I. 1 os. 1 o|d. ) to Sir John Baker, of Sifinghurft, in this parifh ; and among his other eftates it continued and defcended*. Kilburne fays, this chapel was in ruins in his time, and that it was dedicated to the Holy Trinity t. All that now remains of it is part of the chancel end and great Eaft window, which make a venerable appearance, and ihew it to have been a handfome build-* ing. See plate X. fig. 2. G L I F F E. AMONG the communion plate appertaining to this large handfome church, is ltill preferved a very curious and antient patincy which, when the Roman Gatholick religion prevailed here, covered the chalice, or contained the confecrated wafers at the fa- crament of the mafs, but is now made ufe of in collecting the alms. It is of iilver gilt, of the exact: fize and dimenfion as the figure exhibited in plate XII. engraved from a correct drawing taken in the year 1774. In the centre, moft beautifully embellifhed * Philipotr, Yill. Cant. p. 100. \ Survey of Kent, p. 65. with UubbuJt Jrl ' ' >/,■ qJouM n'.i/' ' f,;u/i,,/- of FRINSBURY CHURCH /i^rr-'^h>r/u;j/ / r. J n\ [,■///, Situation •■/,/,; Kniit/z/l+iiillmiy €Aureh\ .%,.„,/,■ %mafan ancimt Fama- in Cliff (////*■// .' J I**, Jri. 17 e.\ C L I F F E. 3 > with blue and green enamel, is reprefented the Deity fitting with his arms extended, and fupporting his Son on the Crofs, with an olive branch in the left-hand, and the Go/pel 'in the right. Round the verge or rim of the patine is the following infcription, in the ancient text letter, curioufly ornamented with fprigs of rofes be- tween each word, alluding to the fubject : 15enrtJicatmt<5, pattern* et, iFtlumn cum* Spmttu £>attS0» The reft of the plate for the communion fervice confifts of two filver bread-plates, and one filver flaggon, with this infcription on them : " In minifterium Ccence Dominicae, D. D. D. Q. Geor- " gius Green, S.T.B. rector et commiiTarius de ClifFe." R I N D S B U R Y. THIS church (fee plate XI.) flands on a fine eminence, which commands a view Of the river Med way, and on the oppo- fite more the city of Rochefter, the towns of Stroud and Chatham, to the right and left, with the circumjacent hills, 8cc. forming- altogether a moil plealing landfcape. The church confifts of two ailes, is neat, and in good repair, but has nothing very re- markable in it, except the font, which is a curious piece of gothic workmanihip, and in good prefervation. It is octangular, with a taper elegant (haft or column, and brackets at each angle from the bottom of the font to the fwell of the pedeftal. The com- partments are excellently carved in relievo, containing the follow- ing fubjefts : i. The ancient text letter J- 2 « Ia a micW > G 2 Gules, 4 o ANTIQUITIES IN KENT. Gules, two Bars argent, between three Annulets Or, in fefle a Mullet for difference. 3. The letter 3&. 4. The fame arms. 5. The letter 0. 6. The fame arms, with a Martlet in feffe for difference. 7. The letter &. 8. A blank fhield. Theie letters and infignia di-fcover the donor and time when erected ; for John Rykeld held the manor of Eflingbam, m this parifli, of the church of Rochejler, and was fheriff of Kent the 3d year of Henry VI. and kept his fhrievalty at the faid manor*. He was like wife the fame year returned one of the khights in parliament. Thomas Rykeld, of EJJingbam, gent, died in the 18th year of Ed- ward IV. leaving John Rykeld his fon and heir, a minor, the cuftody of whom, as well as of this manor, during his minority, was then granted by John Langdon, bifhop of Rocbejler, to Sir Ibomas Seyntleger, knt. Henry Merlande, and Henry Cantlowe t. The font being in part crouded by pews, which is generally the cafe, rendered a drawing of it the more difficult. It fhould ■feem as if the arms had originally been painted, as their prefent colours agree with the fame mentioned in the Regift. Roff. |, and with the arms of Rikhill in Edmonfon's heraldry. They likewife elucidate, and fhew, that the perfon who lies interred in the north chancel of Northfleet church, with his effigies in armour, and that of his wife in the drefs of the times, with this imperfect in- icription on the fragment of a brafs plate beneath them — et Ka- terine, uxon's ejus — was of the fame family. Above the figures are thefe arms, viz. Two Bars between three Annulets ; and the fame again impaling a chevron between three columbines. On another graveftone hi the fame chancel is the following in- fcription on a brafs plate : " Hie fub pede ante altare jacent Wil- " lelmus Rikhill, arm. filius Willelmi Rikhill militis primoge- " nitus, et Katherina uxor ejus, que obiit 27 Aug. 1433. qui * Philipot's Vil. Cant. p. 152. -j- Regift. RofF. p. 372. + Ibid. 4 " quidena R I N D S B U R Y. 4i l( quidem Willelmus obiit die 1400. Quorum v Weever, from Stowe's Annals, fays, that " Sir William Rikhill, " the father, was one of the king's juftices, an Irilhman born, " the vehement urger of accufations againll Thomas of Wood- " ftocke, duke of Gloucefter, and Thomas Arundell, archbifhop of " Canterbury, Ann. Reg. regis Ric. II. 2r. 1397 i." Kilburne mentions the two Rickhills buried in Northfleet church ; one above 250 years, and another above 220 years before his time ; but does not give us their Chrilhan names %. Philipott likewiie fays that John Rykeld, and William his fon, lay entombed in this church ; but ftrangely confounds both names and dates. For, in page 255, he fays the four manors of Ifield, Well, Cofington, and. and Sbinglewell, defcended to John Rykeld, about the reign of Henry IV.; that William his fon deceafed without ifTue male; and Ro/e, his fole daughter and heir, was married to Edward Limfev, who defcended from Ralph de Limfey, held the manor of Budbrook in Warwickshire, 20 William I. In the fubfequent page he lays, that Ro/e was fole heir of John Rykeld, and matched with John Limfey ; and that the faid manors came to Rykeld about the begin- ning Henry VI. ||. How are we to reconcile thefe mifnomcrs andmilbakes? The confufion in the names certainly arifes from his inattention, and of the hiftorians after him ; nor will the ihort period in which the family of the Rykelds, or Rikhills, exiited, as the name came afterwards to be fpelt, allow for their being ih many Johns, Williams, &:c. and it mould feem that Philipott's fir ft acount of thofe in Northfleet mutt be the true one; in fupport of which I find that Edward Limfey, the father, was returned 1 2 Henry VI. one of the gentlemen of this county; and Philipor, p. 255, fays John Limfey, the fon, fifty years afterwards, viz. 1 Richard III. fold the Rikhill eftates. By all this it appears * Rfegifl. Roff. p 753. 756. -f- Funeral Mon. p. 332. J Survey ot Kent, p. 20-1. ;; Villaie Cant. p. 255, a ieq. Edward A % A N T I aU ITIES IN KENT. Edward muft have been the perfon who married Rofe Rikbill, and not John. Richard II. clofed his reign September 1399. Sir William Rikbill is faid to die in the next, and his fon William, by the in- fcription, in 1400; fo that father and fon muft have both died within the year, if the fon fucceeded the father ; but if he died in vita pafris, then it is likely he might leave a fon of the name of William to fucceed his grandfather ; which latter William (if there was any Inch) was probably brother to Rofe, and the perfon who conveyed away the manor of Ridley 16 Henry VI. and likely died loon after, agreeably to the account given by Kilburne, of one of the Rikbills being buried at Northfleet about 1439. But I •rather think there is a miltake in the infcription, in the placing the time of his death upon it, and that there were but two Wil- liams. It is moft likely the military perfon who lies interred under the imperfect infcription, was the Jolm mentioned by Phi- lipott, and another fon of Sir William. Without doubt there were originally other memorials of this family in the faid chan- cel, which may have been deftroyed (as is too often the cafe) to make room for other graveftones ; and indeed I have fome reafon to think fo from appearances. To conclude this matter, it is I think certain that the Rikbills of TLJlingham in Frinjbury defcended from the family at Kortbfleet ; and that John Rikbill of EJlingbam, who was fheriff of Kent, was a younger fon of Sir William Rik- bill of Kortbfleet ; and the arms, with a mullet for difference on the font, fhew that he erected it. The coat differenced with a martlet, and the initials N. R. it is likely were for a younger bro- ther, and the blank fhield left in referve, or for want of another to fill it up. I find in Mores's Hiftory of Tunftall that John Ry- keld, grandfon of the fheriff, married Margaret daughter of Sir James Crowmer, of T'unflall, knt. She is interred in that church under a brafs plate, with the following infcription : " Hie R I N D S B U R Y. 43 " Hie jacet Margareta filia ctni Jacobi Crowmer militis dudum uxor Johis Rycvls M heredis manerii de Eflyngham, quce obiit fecdo dcebr' anno domini milhno " CCCCLXXXXVI . cujus anime^piciet deus ame. *" On the flone are the arms of Crowmer, viz. Argent, a chevron engrailed Sable, between three Crows proper, mvpzYmg Rykeld. The following fhort pedigree may perhaps fomewhat elucidate the defcents of the above family. Sir William Rikhill, knight, juftice of=p the king's bench, conftitutus 20 Maii, Pat. 12 Ric. II. p. 2. rn. 5. f 1 "i William Rikhill, efq. eldeft=pKatharina, ux. ejus John Rykeld of Efling-=p ob. 27 Aug. 1433, ham, 1 Hen. VI. fheriff ibi fep. of Kent, 3 Hen. VI, fori, died 1400, buried in Northfleet church. .1 I ' Rose, fole daughter=pEdward Limfey, Thomas Rykeld, of Eflingham,=p. and heir. I efq. died before 1 2 Nov. 1 8 Edw. IV. I / : ) John Limfey, fold the lands John Rikhill, = Margaret, daughter of Sir in Northfleet, 1 Ric. III. of Eilingham. James Crowmer, knight, buried at Tunftall. Plate XII. mews the elevation of the font, and its compartments feparately. Thus far I had written, when I was favoured by my learned and ingenious friend the Rev. Mr. Denne with the following very fatisfadtory particulars of this parifli. * Bibl. Topogr. Britan. N° I. p. 77. -fDugdale's Origin. Judicial. Frindjbury y 41 A N T I Q^U ITIES IN KENT. Trin&Jburyy or Frend/bury, is a parifh in the weft divifion of the county of Kent. Freondejbirigh is its denomination in fome old deeds, and this word in the Saxon fignifies, according to Lam- bard*, the Friend's Court. The church is fituated about a mile from the weft end of Rochefter bridge, and the limits of the pa- rim extend from the Medway to the Thames. Its other bounda- ries are the parilhes of St. Werburgh in Hoo, Higham, Shome, Cobham, and Strood. Dr. Plott conceived that the Roman Watling-ftreet, which, in his time, might be traced from the bank of the Thames a little above Lambeth palace as far as the north gate of Cobham park, went from thence over the hill where Frendlbury mill ftands, and io to a point of land in Frendfbury marfh that was nearly op- pofite to Chatham church. He gave into this opinion becaufe there was here a fhallow which made it the moft fordable place through the Medway, and he adds its being a tradition, that, in the memory of our grandfathers, the river might have been parTed here, there being not above three or four feet water upon a low ebb, and that in their paflage over they ufed to tread upon the heads of horfes. The laft circumftance in this traditional tale certainly gives it the caft of a vulgar notion, and it the lefs deferves our paying an implicit credit to it, becaufe in the reigns of Eliza- beth and James the royal dockyard was where the ordnance office now is. If a judgment may be duly formed from prefent appearances, the narroweft and the fhalloweft part of the river below the bridge * Perambulation, p. 365. was It I N D S B U 45 was from the end of Strood-ftreet to Rochefter key ; and in an effay concerning the four great Roman ways fubjoined to Leland's Itinerary, vol. VI. * fatisfaclory reafons are afTigned for this being the ancient place of fording. The parifh of Frendfbury ought formerly to have contributed towards tbe repair of the firft pier and arch of Rochefter bridge; and it was probably for this reaibn that William Saunder, whilft vicar of Frendfbury, was warden of the bridge t. Offa king of the Mercians and Sigered king of Kent are men- tioned to have given Frendfbury and iFflingham to the church of Rochefter (fee Textus Roffenfis, c. 92.) but there is a more circumftantial detail of this donation in two other chapters of this curious MS. In chap. 47, the title of which is of iEflingham, or Freondfbury, Offa, by a writing dated at Canterbury anno 764, is recorded (with the confent of archbiihop Bregewine, and Her- bert king of Kent) to have granted to Eardulf bifhop of R.ochefter twenty-one plowlands in yEflingham, with the appurtenances and advantages, in as ample a manner as they had been of old held by the earls, princes, and kings of Kent. Eardulf was alio to have the liberty of difpofing of thefe lands in any manner he pleafed. Though this was termed a free gift by Offa, the bifhop feems to have made fome pecuniary acknowledgment, but pro- bably not an equivalent. In the next chapter Sigered, who ftyles himfelf king of the half part of the province of the Kentifhmen, claims the merit of prefenting ^Eflingham to Ear- dulf, with the confent of the archbiihop of Canterbury ; and he is faid not only to have figned and fealed the deed, but to have eftabliihed the donation by the delivery of a turf of the land in- tended to be conveyed. Upon comparing thefe accounts, it is *P. 118. f He became afterwards reftor of Hynton in Northamptonfhire, and died Fe- bruary 2, 1452. Brydges's Hiftory of that county, p. 177. H manifeft 46 A N T I QJJ I T I E S IN KENT. manifeft that Kent was at this time divided by the Medway into two regal provinces, and that both kings were in fome degree de- pendent upon the victorious Offa. Three tracts of land called Denbers, in the common wood, were granted by Offa as appen- dant to ./Eflingham, and four more Denbers were added by Sigered. When Domefday furvey was made, the bifhop of Rochefter held Frendfbury, rated in the time of king Edward for ten mil- lings, but then for feven. The arable land was fifteen caru- cates. In demefne were five carucates, and forty villans with twenty -eight i borderers, having eleven carucates. There was a church and nine fervants, and a mill of twelve millings rent, twenty acres of meadow, and wood of Jive por caries (filva 5 pore). In the time of king Edward and after, it was valued at 8/. but then worth 25/. What Richard held in his own Lowy was va- lued at ten millings. Whether by Ji/v a pore, was meant any Hated meafurement of wood, or what was fuppofed to be fum- cient for the pannage of a certain number of hogs, is a point that the gloffaries leave doubtful ; but it is moft likely to be a word of the fame fignification with denber, and that it w r as in this place intended to denote porcarium, a porcary, and not porci, hogs. Mr. Hafted's conftruction of the words is a pannage of five hogs t, which appears however to be too confined a range for fo large a manor as Frendfbury was. Richard here mentioned was Richard de Clare earl of Glou- cefter, who had a grant from William I. of Tnnbridge caftle, and of a confiderable tract of land denominated the Lowy of the fame. Dr. Harris is of opinion that the earl had procured the eftates which belonged to him in other parts of the county to be ac- counted within the jurifdiction of his lowy, and that this might Regiftrum Roffenfe, p. 370. -f Hiftory of Kent, vol. I. p. 542. be F R I N D S B U R Y. v, be the reafon for our meeting with thefe entries in the Domefday inquifition of Frendfbury, Southfleet, Hailing, &c, Sec *. But the words ftrongly imply that the lands which Richard held or" the bifhop as lord of thefe manors were in Tunbridge. It is parti- cularly laid of Southfleet manor, that there is in Tunbridge as much wood and arable land as is valued at twenty (hillings ; nor is it difficult to trace how the biihops of Rochefter became pof- feiled of lands within that diffric~t. The denbers given by Oflfa and by Sigered are faid to be in a common wood, the term is vealdfeuuejlra f ; and as Tunbridge has ever been deemed a part of the weald of Kent, that the lowy fhould have within its ex- tent one or more of thefe denbers is a highly probable fuppolition. The diftance of Tunbridge from Frendfbury can be no objection againit this furmife ; becaufe, as Somner has remarked, there is fcarce any grant in the regifters of either the church of Canter- bury or Rochefter of any confiderable portion of land from the king out of the weald, without a denber or woody valley in the weald, in which they were to have liberty of running and feeding cattle, particularly fwine. And it adds no fmall weight to this conjecture, that Gilbert de Tunbridge, the fon of Richard, is recorded to have reftored to the monks of St. Andrew in Ro- chefter their lands within his lowy of Tunbridge, viz. Uppringe- beri, near Burne, which belonged to the manor of Frendfbury J. Out of the profits of Frendfbury bifhop Gundulph at firft ap- propriated 5/. 10 J", for cloathing the monks of St. Andrew || ; but he afterwards fettled the manor itfelf upon this highly-fa- voured fraternity, referving only fome certain articles of pro- vifion which were to be paid to the bifhops of Rochefter towards * Hiftory of Kent, p. 127. f Text. Roffen. c. 48. % Roman Ports and Forts, p. 108. || Text. Roffen. c. 175. H 2 keeping 48 A N T I Q^U I T I E S IN KENT. keeping hofpitolity, efpecially on the feftival of St. Andrew the Apoftle, to whom that cathedral was dedicated. Ernulph, the compiler of the Textus Roffenfis, and who, after a fhort interval, was Gundulph's fucceffor in that fee, with the confent, and at the requeft of the monks, fettled the alms that mould be diftributed in commemoration of Gundulph, and appointed what each manor belonging to the church fhould con- tribute for that purpofe. The whole allowance amounted to- twenty fhillings and {even falmons, of whichFrendfbury and three other manors were to give fix fhillings and two falmons. With the money the cellerar was to buy bread and fome fmall fifh as a dole for the poor ; but the falmon were to be ferved up in the refectory of the convent. As Gundulph died in March> the lenten feafon would not permit the monks to feaft more luxurioufly on the anniverfary of their great benefactor *. It appears from the Cuftumale Roffenie t, that the eftate at Frendfbury was fo confiderable as to afford the priory of St. An- drew a firrae or fubfiftence in provifion ' for three months in the year; and in the fame MS. is a particular account of the cuftomary fervices of this manor, of which the following is an abftract : — That there were 22 yoke {juga) of gave land of one fervice, and of one render — that the amount of the money-render for each yoke was 13J. 4^. — that the tenants were alio required, upon notice from the bailiff, to do all work neceffary for fowing 21 acres of wheat; and that a forfeiture was to be incurred by each tenant who did not perform his proper fhare before the feaft of St. Martin (Nov. n.) — that 16 only of the faid yoke were fubject to the plowing of the fame number of acres in the fpring * Regift. Roffen. p. 7. ■f Fol. 47. This curious old MS. is printed, and Mr. Thorpe propofVs to pub- lifli it as foon as a fuitable appendix to the Regiilrum Roffenfe, together with fun- dry plates of Antiquities. feafon, R I N D ' B U R 49 feafon, becaufe the five yoke of hi >mhei were exempt from this plowing — that the tenants ought alfo to mow ten acres and a half of pafture, anil to make, carry, and well ftalk the produce there- of; and likewife in autumn to mow, carry, and ftalk 21 acres. From the 21 yoke the following provifion-renders were alio to be made. — At the Xenium, or hofpital entertainment on St. Andrew's day, 84 pullets and 21 geefe.— At Eafter2ioo eggs, of which the bilhop was to have 500, and the cellarer of the convent 500, and the remainder were for the court at Frendfbury. ■ — To the bifhop were alio to be delivered 21 lambs. — The monks are noticed to have had in demefne four carucates, and 28 hinds or cottagers (ru/lici), who had an allowance of bread and cheefe only for fhearing the fheep. From a MS. in the Cotton collection it is plain that the bifhop had fome other allowances befides thofe above recited, and which the compiler of the Cuftumale feems not to have recorded, as conceiving the bifhop's claim to them not to have been warranted by Gundulph's grant, viz. five and a quarter, frefcmgas, fuppofed to be a certain quantity of bacon % and three portions of fturgeon and of lampreys, and fixty bundles of furze. When the bilhop did not chufe to receive thefe articles in kind, he was to be paid in money for them according to the following prices ; for each frefcinga 2s. — for each goofe id. — each pullet 1 d. — for a piece of fturgeon 4^. — lampreys per hundred Sd. — of ffraw or furze four bundles 1 d. The falmons paid by Frendfbury and fome other manors valued at 10;. but thefe were changed for ftur- * A fuitable diih with the eggs abovementioned ; and it is obferved in the Anti- quarian Repertory, vol. III. p. 44. that the cuftom of eating a gammon of bacon at Eafter, which is (till kept up in many parts of England, was founded on this, viz. to fhew their abhorrence to Judaifm at that lblcuin commemoration of our Lord's Refurreclion. geon ; 50 A N T I Q^U I T I E S IN KENT. geon ; and. eight pieces offturgeon were confidered as equivalent to one ialmon *. The priory of St. Andrew held the manor of Frendfbury till the fuppreflion of that religious houfe, when it became vefted by act of parliament in the crown ; and king Henry granted the fame to the dean and chapter of Rochefter, in his charter of dona- tion of that church. They are now poiYefTed of it ; Mr. Philip Boghurft is their tenant, who a few years fince erected the com- modious and fubftantial courtlodge, which is fituated near the church. Antiently the advowfon of Frendfbury was appendant to the manor, and fo remained till Gundulph rendered it difappendant, by granting to the priory of St. Andrew the manor without the patronage of the church. The monks, however, by a grant from John archdeacon of Canterbury, who was confecrated biihop of Rochefter 1125, obtained a temporary acquisition of the church of Frendfbury with the chapel of Strode belonging to it, and of all lands and tithes appertaining to the fame ; which grant being deemed invalid by his fucceflbr in this diocefe, John de Sues, he took from the monks the church of Frendf- bury, as well as feveral other churches, and conferred the fame, together with the archdeaconry of Rochefter, on Robert Pollan or Pulleyne. With this fpoliation of their rights, as the monks termed it, they being diflatisfied, applied to the Pope for redrefs ; and Afceline, who was appointed biihop of Rochefter on the death of John de Sues, repaired to the court of Rome, in order to fupport their claim. Celeftine II. was at that time Pope, and in the abfence of Pulleyne, againft whom the appeal was made, lie ordered all the churches, except that of Frendfbury, to be re- * Regift. Roff. p. 133, 134. Haddenham in Bucks was rated for a fifh of the \alue of twenty (hillings ; it mull have been a large and a delicately flavoured fiih to bear fo high a price in thofe days. ftored ; FRINDSBURY. 51 ftored; and Frendfbury not being included in the Pope's decree, there can be little room to doubt that the pretention of the monks to that church was entirely groundlefs. It was fuggefted by the monks, that the non-appearance of their adverfary mult be attributed to his confeioufnefs of the injuftice of his caufe ; but it mould feem that a due time was not allowed for him to attend, and that the queltion was determined with fome precipitation, becaufe the pontificate of Celeftine laded only five months. After the death of Celeftine, Fulleyne procured from Lucius II. a re-hearing of the caufe, and a reverfal of the fentence given by his predecefTor, and had fo much intereft with the Pope, as to obtain a permiflion to refign, in favour of his nephew Paris, the archdeaconry of Rochefter, and the feveral churches, with their rights, claimed by the priory of St. Andrew. The monks, therefore, lent a deputation of their body to Rome, who carried with them a letter of earneft intreaty in their behalf from bifhop A feel in to Pope Eugenius III. However, all their endeavours to recover the churches from the court of Rome were fruitlefs. Paris kept pofieflion of them ; but afterwards, in order to prevent all further litigation, he appears to have made a kind of acknowledgement of his having them by their gift, upon condition of their agreeing he fhould have quiet enjoyment of them as long as he lived -. Very fevere were the monks in their reproaches upon bifhop John de Sues, pronouncing him to have a<5ted more like a plun- derer than a paitor ; nor could they forbear mewing fome marks of their refentment towards Pulleyne. As the prelate was a fo- reigner, did not hold the fee of Rochefter more than five years, and might not probably often refide in his diocefe, little of his character is known ; but in beftowing thefe preferments on Pul- leyne, he fhewed himfelf to be an encourager of a man of merit.; * Regift. Roffcn. p. 8. to. for 5> A N T I Q^U ITIES IN KENT. for Pulleyne is univerfally agreed to have been a perfon diftin- guifhed for his fuperior knowledge in moft branches of literature. His name occurs in the lift of the chancellors of Oxford, and he was worthy of that ftation. Leland has extolled him as a rettorer of learning there, and as one who omitted nothing that might conduce to the inftructing of youth in the learned languages. He alio, for live years, read lectures upon the holy fcriptures, the ftudy of which had been for fome time neglected by the mem- bers of that univerfity, and every Lord's day he preached to the people, who Mere much edified by his doctrine. His fame fpread far ; and being lent for to Rome, Pope Celeftine made him a cardinal, and Pope Lucius his chancellor, and by his intereft with the court of Rome, he procured feveral bulls and charters of privileges for the government and fecurity of the univerfity of Oxford *. Confidering the relation which fo eminent a man as Pulleyne bore to Frendfbury, this fhort account of him will hardly be thought an inimitable digreffion from the hiftory of this parilh, which fhall now be refumed. Though the monks failed in their attempt to keep poffeffion of the church of Frendfbury, they eftablifhed a right to a penfion of one mark a year out of it. This was a grant to them from biihop John the firft, and was moft probably the whole of what he really gave them. The money was to be diftributed in alms tothe poor on the anniverfary of their benefactor t. From Gundulph the monks obtained an eafy composition for fome of the tithes of fome of the manerial lands they held, and a total exemption for others, which privileges were confirmed to them by feveral bifhops of Rochefter, and alfo recognized by archbifhop Peckham on St. Mark s day I28r. The compolition for the demefnes of Frendfbury manor confifted of a field called Kelgfield, formerly a part of the demefne, and one acre of wheat, * Tanner, Bibliotheca, p. 602. f Regift. Roffen. p. 59. one FRINDSBURY. one of barley, and one of oats, all to be grain of the middling fort in the time of harveit ; but for wool, milk, and all other fmall tithes, nothing was to be paid. The chinch of Frendf- bury was to have only the tithe of fheavcs from the grange of Chattindon, which was a member of Frendfbury manor; and at Rede, which was another member, the almoner of the convent received the whole tithe of fheaves, but no tithe whatever was payable to the church *. Anno 1 1 93, Gilbert de Glanville, bifliop of Rochefter, fettled on his newly founded hofpital in Strood the chapel of Strood, with all its emoluments, except the tithe of corn. In this grant he had the concurrence of William archdeacon of Rochefter, who was at that time rector of Frenclfbury, and with his confent like- wife Strood was then made an independent parochial diftricr, +. Bifhop Laurence de St. Martin had, in 1256, the confent of the priory of St. Andrew to an appropriation of the church of Frendfbury to the bifliop and his iuccefTors, the fame being then vacant. This appropriation was confirmed by Pope Clement IV. April 3, 1267, and has ever fince been enjoyed, together with the advowfon of the vicarage, by the fee of Rochefter %, A vi- car muft have been fettled not long after the rectory's being ap- propriated, as William is fo denominated in 1289. The ordi- nation of the vicarage is not extant ; but the vicar by ufage, as the minifter of Strood, under leafe from the dean and chapter of Rochefter by endowment, is entitled to all tithes except thole of corn and grain. Thomas Inglethorp, bifliop of Rochefter, granted to William, vicar of Frenclfbury, and to his fucceiTors for ever, the above piece of land called Nelegfield, the boundaries of which are let out in the grant. In confideration of this donation, the vicars were always to retain a proper chaplain, who, when there was * Regift. Rotten, p. 91, 92. i - Ibid. p. 632. % Ibid. p. 66. 68. I cccafion, 54 A N T I QJJ ITIES IN KENT. occafion, was to affift the vicar in fupporting the burdens and difcharging the duties of the parifh. The vicars were alfo to be fubjecl: to the expence of binding the books of the church, and to the repair of phials, iurplices, and rochets. 19 Edward I. (1 291) the church, i.e. the rectory of Frendsbury, with Strood included, was valued at 60 marks, and the vicarage at 100 J".* In 1 535) 26 Henry VIII. the vicarage was rated for firft fruits at 10/. 3 s. ii^d. and for tenths at 1/. o s. a^d. The procuration paid by the vicar to the bifhop when he vifits is is. 6d. i. e. after the proportion of 6d. in the pound, according to the old valuation, and 7 s. 6d. a year to the archdeacon. And in 1533, when a taxation was made in the diocefe of Rochefter,. to defray the expences of Mr. Eliflia Bayley, their proctor in con- vocation, is. \d. was the quota for the vicar of Frendsbury -h The church of Frendsbury anciently paid 12 d. a year for the. chrifm'f. The vicar has a manfion and fifteen acres of glebe land ; but; the vicarage houfe is at an inconvenient diftance from the church, and not in a very healthy iituation. A church at Frendibury is recorded in Domefday book, but it muft have then been ib dilapidated as to have fallen down foom after, if credit is to be given to a memorandum in Regiftrum Roffenie§ of there being no church in the time of Gundulph,. It was however rebuilt with ftone between 11,25. and 1 137 by Pauiinus the facrift of the priory at Rochefter, who alio furnifhed. it with books and ve(lments||. A view of this church is giverL in plate XI. * From the old valuation printed in the Hiftory of Rochefter by Rawlinfon, p. 79. -]- Aft. Cur. Coniift. J Text. Roffen. c. 213.. <> P. 8. fl ibid. p. 118. The R t N D S B U K Y. 55 The church of Frendfbury, which is dedicated to All Saints, confifts of a nave and fouth aile*, and is 64 feet in length and 48 in breadth. The chancel is in length 36 feet, and in breadth 26. At the welt end of the church is a tower 20 feet fquare and 40 feet high, upon which is a tower of nearly the fame height. Richard Young, who was bifhop ofRochefter from 1404 to 1 41 8, made windows in Frendfbury church; and when Lambard wrote his Perambulation, a picture of this prelate was remaining in one of the windows. In the tower are five bells, befides the fancte bell. The names of the benefactors are not recorded ; the names of the bell- founders and dates being the only inferiptions, which are as follow: Date of the firft bell 1637. On the fecond, John Danbe made me 1656. The third could not be got at. On the fourth, William Reeve, bell-founder, 1584, On the fifth, Ro- bert Watfon and John Rawlinfon, bell-founders, 1658. On the fancte bell is inicribed " Gerrit Schimmel me fecit Daventria, 1670." Thomas Woldham, bifhop of Rochelter, by his will, dated in September 131 6, gave ten marks to his poor parifhioners of Frendsbury \. * Mr. Warton, in his defcription of Kiddington church, p. 4, remarked that the old Norman-built parochial churches feldom confifted of more than one aile or pace : if the prefent church of Frendfbury is the fame that was erected between the years 1 1 25 and 1137, and there is no reafon to think otherwife, this is one exception to that author's obfervation. •f Reg. Roff. p. 113. The bifhop gave ten pounds to Ade of Frendibuiy, and the fame fum to the fons and daughters of the faid Ade ; he alfo bequeathed '.o Ad- one grey colt of two years old (colons grecei). e 1 a The ANTIQUITIES IN KENT. The church and the poor of Frendsbury are ftill porTeffed of the following benefactions : Seven acres of land, in two pieces, lying in this pariah, the do- nor unknown f but the rent accruing from them has always been expended in repairing the church. One acre of land, lying near Upnor, given by Bonham Pen- niftone, yeoman, towards the repairs of the church. The green, containing one acre, the rent of it to repair the ch A mill and 27 acres of land in Hoo, the joint purchafe of Ro- bert Gunfley, clerk, and the parifhioners. A part of the rent of this eftate to be applied in repairing the church, and the relidue to be divided among the poor. A tenement and orchard in Higham, the gift of John Green, yeoman, the rent to be laid out in bread for the poor. A tenement in Strood, given by Richard Watfon, the rent to be divided among ten of the pooreft people. As the regifter of births and burials in Frendsbury does not commence till 1669, it will not afford any afiiitance towards tracing the populoufnefs of this parifh, at an earlier period, and discovering whether any perfons eminent for their abilities or learning were natives of it. But from Mr. Mafters's Hiftory of Ben'et college in Cambridge *, it mould feem that Mr. Johnfon, vicar of Apuldore and Cranbrooke, in the weald of Kent, and au- thor of the Clergyman's Vade Mecum, and of fome books in fup- port of the notion he had conceived of the eucharift's being an unbloody facririce, was born at Frendsbury 30th December, 1662, his father, Mr. Thomas Johnfon, being vicar of that pariih. •P. 318. JEflingharn, R I N D S B U R Y.' 57' JEJlingbam, Cbaddington, Goddington, Wainfcot^ and Brom- bei are districts in Frendfbury, which formerly belonged to per- fons of fome confequence ; but for the account of the genealogies of the families who were fucceflively pofferTed of them, and the tenures by which they held them, the reader is referred to the hiftories of Kent, and particularly to Mr. Hafted's very late publi- cation. So eminent was iEflingham as, at times, to have given its name to the whole parifh ; and Hugh de St. Clare, when owner of it, had weight fufficient to obtain from bifhop Gun- dulph the grant of a free chapel within his manor *. A de- fcription of this chapel, with an account of the ancient privileges annexed to it, is not inferted, becaufe Mr. Thorpe propofes to pub- lifli an engraving of it from an accurate furvey, and to add a fuitable illustration. Lambard, in his Perambulation, p. 350, mentions a ftreet in Frendsbury called Upnour, from which, as adjoining to it, the caitle of Upnour took its name. This fortrefs was erecfted by queen Elizabeth in the third year of her reign, for the fecurity of her navy, as the infeription upon it teftifies, in which are thefe words : " Who gave me this fhew, to none other ende, " But ftrongly to ftande, her navie to defende." However, in 1667, when the Dutch fleet under Van Ghepdt failed up the Medway, this caftle, by the neglect of Charles II, was in fo unprovided a ftate, that major Scott, who commanded ia it, could but little annoy the enemy, fix of whofe men of war with firefhips having broke through the chain, were carried up as high as Upnor, and burnt fome, and damaged others of the king's capital fhips. The capital mittake and fault in the king * Reg i ft rum Rofienfe, p. 370. and 5 8 ANTIQUITIES IN KENT. and his minifters confided in not having a fleet properly prepared to repel the infults of an enemy ; for to the inhabitants of an ifland, floating and not fixed batteries are the bell: defence. An anecdote refpecling the father of the celebrated Sir Francis Drake is given by Lediard in his Naval Hiilory % which, as it is connected with Upnor, ought not to be unnoticed. Lediard's account is, that in the reign of Henry VIII. whilft Sir Francis was a child, the father, who had embraced the Proteftant religion, being obliged to leave his houfe in Devonfhire, retired into Kent, and there inhabited the hull of a fhip, in which many of the younger of his twelve fons were born. This author adds, that Mr. Drake, in the time of Edward VI. got his livelihood by read- ing prayers to the feamen, was ordained deacon, and made vicar of the church of Upnor, on the river Medway t. That Mr. Drake officiated as a clergyman in the navy is probable, and he might have been curate of Frendsbury : but he certainly was not vicar of that pariih ; nor does it appear that there ever was a church, or even a chapel, at Upnor, * L T 54- f This ltory feems to be copied from Camden's Annals or queen Elizabeth *, who -relates, as from Sir Francis' own mouth, that while he was yet a child, his father em- bracing the Proteftant religion, being called in queftion by the law of the fix articles made by Henry VIII. againft the Proteftants, withdrew into Kent. After the death ot king Henry he got a place in the king's navy to read prayers to them, and loon after he was ordained deacon, and made vicar of the church of Upnore on the river Medway, where the royal fleet ufually rides. But, by reafon of his poverty, be put his ion apprentice to the mafter of a bark, his neighbour, who in reward for his in- duftry bequeathed his vefTel to him. Dr. Campbell, in his Life of Drake in the Biographia Britannica, reconciles the chronology of this ftory, by referring it to •queen Mary's time, fince the navy was not ftationed in the Medway till queen Eliza- beth's reign. See alfo his Lives of the Admirals, I. 514. * P. 351. Ed. Hearne. WROTHAM. [ 59 ] W R O T H A THIS parifh is large and extenfive, and takes in almoft the whole hundred to which it gives name. It is in the d< anery of Shoreham, and a peculiar to the archbifhop of Canterbury in the diocefe of Rochefter. The manor is very conliuerable, ' and is mentioned in Domefday book to belong to the archbilhops of Canterbury, and in their poffefTion it continued till 29 Hen, VIII. when it was exchanged by archbifhop Cranmer with the crown for other lands. There are fix difrinct borfholderfhi[ - within this manor, the borfholders of which, as alio the consta- bles for the upper and lower divifion of the hundred, are all of them annually chofen at the court-leet of the faid manor. The borfholders likewife for the boroughs of Ightbam and Sbipborne are bound to pay fuit and fervice at the feveral leets of this manor, to which belong all royal franchifes, as being a liberty within it- felf; and the lord hath all deodands, felons, waifs, ftrays,.treafure trove, 8c c *. The liberty of Wrotham claims likewife over P/ax- toole and Stanjled, which are not valued in the king's books, be caufe they were antiently a part of the parifh ; but in the year 1 647, they were taken out of it by act of parliament, and made diftin£t parifhes by themfelves t. The rectory, with the chapel cf Stanfted annexed, is valued in the king's books at 50I. 8 s. per annum, and the vicarage at 22 1. 5 s. 10 d. per annum. The. rectory was formerly impropriated and leafed out by the arch- bifhops of Canterbury ; but archbifhop Tenifon let the leaie run out, and the a annexed the great tithes to the vicarage, by which • Harris's Hi ft. of Kent, p. 3,41. f Kilburne'5 Survey, p. 21 5. 255. means ■ 60 A N T I Q^U [TIES IN KENT. means Wrotham is now the belt benefice in the diocefe of Ro- che ft er *. The church is large, and kept in excellent repair, with a good ftrong tower, containing eight bells, accounted one of the molt tunable peals in this county. There are many neat mural mo- numents, and feveral grave-itones with brafs plates, particularly of the antient family of the Peckbamsi. From John de Peckbani, who attended Richard I. at the fiege of Aeon, defcended Martin de Peckbam, who married Margery, one of the three daughters and coheirs of Sir 'fbomas de Aldham, defcended from tfhomas de Aldbam, who likewife attended the laid king on that expedition ; and by this marriage, did increafe his patrimony here with Ald- bam, a confiderable manor in this parilh %• The church mult be of very antient {landing, from the above families being in- terred in it, and from the archbifhops of Canterbury being pof- feffed of the manor at fo early a period, and having a manfion- houfe contiguous to the church. Archbilhop Simon Iflip pulled it, for the raoft part, down, and carried the materials to Maid- ftone, towards building of the palace there, which his predecef- for John Ufford had begun §. A fmall portion of this at Wro- *tham (till remains next the flreet ; and without doubt the largenefs of the chancel, and the antient flails on each fide were, as Dr. Harris obferves, to accommodate the clergy when they attended on the archbifhops during their refidence here, and which I have likewife feen in fome other churches of the Peculiars, where they had manfions. When Dr. Potter was rector he new paved the chancel end, by which means the grave-Hones with brafs plates over two of the old rectors were taken up, and not replaced, which furely ihould have been done either in fome other part of the chancel or * Harris's Hift. p. 341. f Regift. Roff. p. 833, et feq. $ Philipotj p. 374. § Kilburne, p. 297. 2 body W R O T II A M. 61 body of the church. When I was there in the year T768, the laid plates were then in a coal-hole in the church, at which time 1 copied their inscriptions, which are fi nee inferted in the i? Rojf. Fie likewife put in new plain femicircular windows, glazed with fmall Squares, at Stanftead church ; and when I was there in the lame year, the old Stone window-jaumbs, with Gothic mouldings and mitred arches, lay Scattered about the church-yard. The two antient tombs near the church door at Wrotham, which long Since have been robbed of their brais plates, were erected, as Francis Thinne, who was Lancaster herald, faith, the one to the memory of Martin Peckbam, efq. the other to Margery his wife, who brought ample revenues to the family of the Peckhams. Robert Glover, Somerfet herald, in his collections, faith, that John Peckbam, efq. was lord of the manor of JVeJi Peckbam in the firSt year of Henry III ; and John Peckbam archbiShop of Canterbury in the reign of Edward I, left great eStates to his pofterity *, Wrotham R. and V. St. George. cap. In the patronage of the archbiihop of Canterbury t. cum Woodland \ P/axtooI, and Stan/led St. Mary. The South EaSt view of this church exhibited in plate XIII. is from an accurate drawing in the year 1772. It may be proper juft to obferve, that this Short account of Wrotham church was drawn up, and partly printed oSf, before the publication of Mr. HaSted's Second volume ; to which ufeful work the reader is referred for a more particular account of the pariSh, and for a view of the remains of the palace. * Weaver's Fun. Mon. p. 326. ■f Willis's Paroch. Ang. p. 12. K A N T I- [ 6x ] ANTIQUITIES in K E N T,- Defcribed in a Letter from Robert Plott, LL.D. keeper of the Afh- molean Mufeum in the Uhiverjity of Oxford; defigned to be fent to the Royal Society in London.. _ Apledore, Sept. x, Gentlemen,. i693 ... ON Monday laft I went to Chilham, to view the tumulus of. Quintus Durus Laberius, which is not in the form of any Roman barrow I ever faw, being more like one of our prefent graves ; . I paced it, and found it to be feventy of my paces in length, and twenty in breadth. This Laberius was a tribune, flain in one of Casfar's engagements with the Britains ; the country people to this day call it Julaberries grave. About half a mile from hence is a handfome feat of Mr. Diggs's, built within the trenches of Chilham caftle, the keep of which is yet Handing, and made ufe for a brewing- houie. On Tuefday I went back again to Richborow, to make a more ft rict enquiry into fome particulars of antiquity ; the one was,, whether it was poffible that Richborow could ever have been part of the ifle of Thanet, as fame authors affirm. I found that the lands at Gonehall and Fleet, which lye on the weft fide of Rich- borow, are fituated lower than the lands which the Stower paiTeth by ; and while we were here, I met with feveral fea-fhells in the meadows. On Wednefday I luckily hit on a double intrenchment in a wood, within three miles of the ancient city of Canterbury, a city honoured with the Englilh primacy ; the inward trench con- tains an acre and half, the outward one about four times as much : it is very probable that this was the place where Ccefar met with the Britains in his fecond expediton ; for he fays,, that after he 5 had A N T I Q,U I T I E S IN KEF T. 63 liad left Quintus Atrius to defend his fhips, at that time lying ahove a mile and half wide off the town of Sandwich, he marched twelve miles up into the country, where he met with the Biitams near a river, and forced them firft of all to retire into one of their fortifications, and afterwards forcing their lines, beat them from thence. Camden contends this battle to have been at Chilham, though the diftance does not agree, neither are there any ruins of a fortification to countenance his afTertion. On Thurfday I walked to Hyth, along a Roman caufeway railed high, and paved with flint. This is one of the cinque- ports, and formerly contained fix parilhes : that of St. Nicholas - only now remains ; the chancel is railed extremely on grey- marble pillars. In the charnel-houfe are great numbers of hones, and fome of them very large. The inhabitants have feveraL traditions of thefe bones, which, as fictitious, I fhall omit. They are white and thin : I took the dimenfions of fome of the larger!:. Two miles from hence are the ruins of Saltwood caftle, formerly belonging to the fee of Canterbury ; it feems to have been a ftately ftructure, is of an oval form, and twenty-five rods in length. Within two miles of Folkftone is a fortification of earth called Caftle^ which has one trench towards the fea, and fometimes one, at other times two trenches towards the con- tinent, according as the nature of the hill requires. On Saturday I vifited Stutfall caftle, a Roman ftation. This was the Portus Limenus, whofe ruins include eight acres of land, and are in form of an oblong fquare ; the walls are compofed of a rocky ftone, and a mortar made of the fca-fand and fmall peb- bles ; at two yards diftance run double rows of Roman brick 14 or 1 5 inches long. Within a quarter of a mile from Lymne church is Shipway-court, a field where the lord warden of the cinque-ports is fworn, and caufes concerning the ports tried From hence 1 walked on the beach to Romney, and this morning from 6.; A N T I Q_U IT1ES IN KENT. from thence hither, palling moft of the way through the old channel of the Rother. Thefe are all the obfervations I have made in my journey through this part of the truly loyal county of Kent, which wil no ways recompence the time loft in the pe- rufal of this from, Gentlemen, Your humble fervant, R. PLOT T. A D DITIOM tO p. 28. r. Anno 1529. Concordatum fuit inter dominum Johannem Bodyll, reclorem eccle- fie parochialis de Coxfton, et dominum Thomam Snydall, vicarium de Hallyng Roffen' dioc', fuper quibufdam licibus pro decimis fupvenientibus in parte bomii cujufdam tenementi vocat' Homes places prope ecclefiam parochialem de Coxfton predicta fituati. In prefenciis magiftri Ricardi Scharpe, facre theologie profeflbris, magiftri Roberti Johnfon in legibus bacallarii, et domini Johannis Wright, vicarii fanfte Margarete juxta Roffam, in hunc modum ut fequitur. The faid Sir John Bodle, parfon of Coxfton, fchall have paide to hym by Sir Thomas Snydall, vicar of Hallyng, for the tithes of fuche perfones and fervaunts lying in the north fide of Homes Place, everi Yeftre duryng ther liffes xvicf. Prefente me Johe Bere, notario, cum partibus predidis. E libro vifitat' et a&or* anno predicY. fol. 1. a. END OF THE SIXTH NUMBER. V* Number VI, confifls of Two Parts, and contains Thirteen Plates, Six in the Firft Part, and Seven in the SecnacL T H I HISTORY and ANTIQUITIES OF THE TWO PARISHES O F R E C U L V E R and H E R N E, In the County of KENT. By J O H N D U N C O M B E, M. A, VICAR of HERNE. ENLARGED BY SUBSEQUENT COMMUNICATION?: " Inter hxc conventus religioforum multis in locis aguntur, ccenobia fabrieantur, abbatice conftsountur. Apud Raculfe, quo in loco fibi rex Ethelbertus fedem regni prasparaverat, ccenobium conftruitur, cujus abbas uhimus fuit Wen rcdus." MS. Chron. LONDON, PRINTED BY AND FOR J. NICHOL ; PRINTER TO THE SOCIETY OF ANTIQUARIES; AND SOLD BY ALL THE BOOKSELLERS IN GREAT BRITAIN AND IRE] > MDCCLXXXIV. [Price Five Shillings,] C Ml 3 ADVERTISEMENT. The Editor of the Bibliotheca Topographica Bwtannk \ prefents this number to the publick with the more pleafure, as it gives him an opportunity of acknowledging his obligations to a number of very refpectable friends. For the ground- work of the Hiftories of Reculver and Herne, he is indebted to Mr. Dun- combe ; and for many of the embellifhments therein to his accom- plished Lady. Sir John Cullum, Mr. Gough, and Mr. Boys, have each largely contributed towards the illuftration of the Antiqui- ties of Reculver ; and Mr. Jackson has happily exerted his elegant poetic talents in lamenting the probable demolition of " The Sitter Spires." When the work was far advanced at the prefs, the Editor hav- ing accidentally mentioned it to Dr. Ducarel, that gentleman very kindly communicated the inftruments printed in p. 129, and the following pages ; which were long fince taken by him from the archiepifcopal records and regifters at Lambeth, the pariih of Reculver being exempt from the archdeacon's juris- diction, and, as fuch, immediately under that of the Commifiary of Canterbury. From the fame fource the Editor has been enabled to give the names of the incumbents of Reculver and Herne as far as the beginning of this century, which have been com- pleted by Mr. Delasaux, Regiitrar of that diocefe. For the curious defcription of Ford-House, from the Par- liamentary Survey, the Editor is indebted to Mr. Sampson, the archbimop of Canterbury's receiver. And it is greatly to be lamented that no plan or view of t ; ■ indent building when in its fplendour has yet been any wh< liicovered, [ 6 5 ] ANTIQUITIES in KENT. HISTORY of RECULVE R. By JOHN D U N C O M B E, JVLA. OF Reculver, or, as it is Hill pronounced by the inhabitants, Racvlfar, the Latin name is Regulbium K:: , and theSaxoniv^*- culf-ceftery or Raculj-minjlei\ which -Lambard fancies to be derived from the Britifh word racor, which fignifies- " forward j" becauie this place projects towards the fea. Marriibn, however, derives its name from one Raculfus, who built, he fays, a moaaftery there. But the Saxon Chronicle afcribes the building of it to Baffa, one of the nobles of king Egbert, then a prieft, to whom that prince,. A. D. 66*), gave fome lands, and the place was called Racu/f before that timet. Mr. Archdeacon Battel y, in his Antiqui- tates Rutupina, thinks that it rather takes its name from the Britifh word rbag, which fignifies " before," and gwv/fa, " watch- *Twyn'*, De rebus Albionicis, p. ;6, cited bv Battely Antiquitates Rutupincc, p. 50, fays, " Rfgulbium quaii Reculfum a receJIo derivandum," -j~ An. dcixix. J?ep 6cb)p.,C cyning re.il&e Bappe ma^re pneorC Raculc mynp- Cep onco Cymbpianne; p. -to. Reculver, Raculf Bede, Reauculpe Saxon. Taculf Floril. falfely for Raeulf. King Egbright gave to one Baffa a prieft the land at Hacult (landing on the N >refa fide of the water fometime called Genlade, to build a monafterie upon. Shonlie after Bright \volde beinge abbot of the houfe was made archbifhop of Canteibury, and fucceffor to Theodore the Grecian. It is in Kent, at ihe fide of 'laner, and called at this day Heculvers. Lambarde, DicT:. p. zj) J. M iog," 66 ANTIQUITIES IN KENT. ing," or perhaps from golen, "alight;*' and hence, he fuppofes, the Latin word Regulbimn * may be derived ; it having very early a watch-tower, where, no doubt, lights were kept to diredt mips in the night t. The caitle alio commanded a view not only of the open fea, or the German ocean, but of the mouths of thole noble rivers the Thames and the Med way ; on which account it was ufed as a watch-tower, to difcover the approaches of an enemy, and alio as a light-houfe to guide mariners, by fires kindled every night ; and this purpofe ufed to be anfwered by the two fteeples of the church £, called the Sifters, or the Reculvers, Which for- merly ferved as a fea-mark for avoiding the flats or mallows in the mouth of the Thames ; but by the fnifting of the lands they are now laid to be no longer ufeful, and mariners rather depend on St. Nicholas church, or Monkton mill. " The countenance of the fort doubtiefs (as Dr. Salmon ob- ferves§), encouraged a fettlement of inhabitants where they might be fecure. And the ground was fo well chofen for a Pharos, that the remaining towers of the monaftery built after- wards on the fame foot are at this day a fea-mark and a rule for failors." It is fituated in the north part of Kent, 9 miles N.N.E. from Canterbury, 65 from London, and 12 ealf from Margate, in the diocefe of Canterbury and deanery of Weltbere. It was annexed to Chritt church in Canterbury, A.D. 949, by the grant of king Edred, in the prefence of archbiihop Odo, being then efti mated at 26 caflates, with all appurtenances on the fhore, in the field, meadows, foreifs, 8cc||. The libertv of * Dr. Battely, from the mention of this place in the Noritk onlv, fnppofed it was at firlt called Rutupia, as well as the other Ration of that name on the coaft. Anriq.'Rutup. p. 52. T Mr. Baxter derives it from Rc% oliiicn, q. cl. the point ngainfi. the waves. % See the views annexed, Plates I. and II. $ New Survey of England, p. 45. |j Mon. Ang. I. 21. This grant may. be feen in the Appendix, tranferibed from the original in the Cotton library. the R E C U L V E R. 67 the archbifhop of Canterbury claims over the manor of Recei- ver, and the liberty of St. AugulUne over the reft of the parifh,. as being in the hundred of Blengate, which belonged to that abbey, But anciently Reculver was an hundred of itfelf*, So in Domelday, 1. 3 b. IN ROCI'LF HfNI\ lpfe Archicps ten Rgci'lf .

., . . - i 7 un jug 7 xn.acs tros.j ibi ht . v .car . 7 xxix. v bord 7 v . feruos . 7 vn . falinas de . xxv . fol 7 mi . den, Ibi . e £ECcla 7 una parua dena filuce . Int totu ual xiiii . lib . 7 vi . fot 7 vi . den. * Kilburne's Kent, p. 221. •j- Solinuoi was a meafure of land peculiar to the county of Kent, equal to feven ca- rucates ; for Co Du Cange in 10c. corrects Coke upon Littleton, § 1. or 17. Som- ner con'ojnds it with fwotbynga, a plo'igh land, from ruth, a p!o,.g 1. Du Cange in -occ. Mr Hafted, without ascertaining its contents, defines it " a larger meafure than a carueate." M 2 Philipot, ■it A N T I QJJ I T I E S IN KENT. Philipot, and Somner after him, gave Domefday account of this place thus : " Raculf eft manerium archiepifcopi in T.R.E. fe defendebat pro vm. full. & eft apprttiatum x. & it. lib. &v. lot. tres minutes minus." Minutes, fays Philipot, Mas a coin equivalent to our now Englifh pence. but this extract is io different from the original record, that little ftrefs can he laid on it. The church, dedicated to St. Mary, is now a vicarage, and valu- ed, with Hoath chapel, an adjoining parifh which is annexed to it, at q/. I2J". $d. in the king's books; together about loo/, a year. Iti> exempt from thejurifdidtion of the archdeacon of Canterbury, was very anciently of the archbifhop's collation, as appears by a record in a note below"-'-, and i'o continues. "The prefent vicar is the rev. Richard "Morgan. It was of old a mother- church, oh which depended four chapels of eafe, Hoaih, Heme, and in { Tbanet i St. Nicholas and All Saints. Upon the three lair was impofed, for the mother-church's greater ho- nour and dignity, or in Jignum fubjeclionis, as the inftrument ex- prefTes it, an annual penfion to the vicar of Reculver on the found ingofthatby archhifhop Winchelfea, 13 10, with thofe other vi- *" Rex ex-mera graci'a conceflk paps fru&us archiepifcopatus Canruarienfis, <( necnon ra» prefentandi ad ecclefir.s ejuldem durante, vacacione (ajva, trejentadone " ad etclefiam de Reculver, quam rex prius conceflit N.cno £. auguflinc tuttl; the ©cfpcl cnrertaiit'D, 0uD tu tljts lano fjatfj cfecr fmre rcmain'D; caijo Ujougb. bp cruel pagans he toas Qatri, $L\)C crolnn of martprtom Ije ctD oltatn. WR\)Q otco oit tfjc 24th of jfebruurp, in tt>e pear 616. The Annals of St. Auguftine fay, that the body of king Ethel- bert II. was alio interred there A. D. 760. In the chancel, within the communion rails, is a handfoine monument reprefenting Sir Cavalliero and Lady Maycote, with. their eight children, all in alabafter figures, kneeiing, and over them the family arms, with this infcription : Here under wane for a joyful refurrecTion, the bodyes of 'dame Marie and of her huiband Sir Cavalliero Maycote, knight, who lived together in greac contentment (from St. Andrew's day, anno 1586) full 20 yeares, in which time they had 8 fonnes and one daughter, namelye Jbou, Thomas, George, Richarde, Thomas, William, Harbert, George, and Elizabeth, wharot 5 fonnes dyed before them. She was the daughter of Thomas Monmn^es, gent, and Ales Crifpe, fumetime dwellers at Swanton in Liddon, and dyed on Chriftmas-daye, anno 1606. He was the fonne of George Maycote, gent. and of Margarette Brooker (long dwellers in this parhhe) who dytd — To all whome the Lorde be mercyful at the latter daye- I le lived at Brook, in this parifh (now a farm-houfe belonging to Sir Henry Oxenden, fo named probably fiom a brook that runs near it), where is a curious old gateway with brick pillars. Oil c W// /„.,/ Y/.'sr ;t/t //u /// !■/ Ralph Broot , //rr/-, fowi///,/// ///t~ D. r DUCZREL,F.RandA.SS. (<',// „< u,y „,,,/ CULVER. 73 On a flat ftone in the chancel are two brafs figures [fee plate V. fig. 6], with this infcription engraved : Hie jacct Johannes Sandewey arm'ger, et Johanna uxor ejus ; quorum animabus propitietur Deus. Amen. Which feems to be thus given by Weever : Here lieth Sandwey efquire, and Joan his wife, who died 1437, 6 Henry VI. On a brafs plate againft the fouth wall, with a herald's coat (en- graved in plate II.) Here under quitt from worldly miferies Ralph Brook, efquire, late Yorke Herald, lyes ; Fifteenth of Oftober he was laft alive, Onethoufand fixe hundred twenty and five. Seaventy-three yeares bore he fortune's harmes, And forty-five an officer of armes. He married Thorn fin daughter of Michaell Cobb of Kent, Serjeant at Armes, by whome two daughters God him lent ; Survyvinge, Mary, William Dickins wife, Thomafin, John Exton's — Happy be their iife. Weever alfo gives the following epitaph : Hie jacet dominus Thomas qui ob Vos qui tranfitis Thcmam deflere velitis, Per me nunc fcitis quid prodeft & gloria clitis. The arched weftern door-way (plate V. fig. 2.) is a beautiful remain of Saxon architecture, but being much expofed to the weather, is mouldering away. A fair was anciently held here on St. Giles's day, Septem- ber 1*; and William f, archbifhop of Canterbury, procured it a grant of a market on Thurfdays. 1279, 7 Edward I J. * Kilburne. •f Philipot. There is an error in this name. Robert Kilwarby was the arch- bifhop who procured the market. X Here again Philipot miftakes, by faying that it was obtained " 7 Edward II." N Reculver, 74 A N T I QJJ ITIES IN KENT, Reculver, in Leland's time, was near half a mile from the fea- fhore : but it is to be fuppofed that in times paft the fea came up to Gore-end, two miles from Northmouth; as at Gore-end was a little ftair, called Broadftaires, to go down the cliff; and about this fhore was good taking of mullets. The great Ragufeis- lay for defence of wind at Gore-end* . The great antiquity of this place is apparent from the vaft num- ber of Roman coins (chiefly of the lower empire), medals, vales,. Sec. that have been, and itill continue to be,. found here. For Reculver (or Regulbium) no doubt was one of the five Roman watch-towers, or forts, as Richborough caftle ^or Rutupia) w as- another, each of them commanding one of the mouths of the river Genlade, or Wantfume, which, as Bede fays, then di- vided the iflc of Thanet from the continent of Kent. This caftle t, which guarded the north mouth, was the Roman ftation of the Vetafii}, and was certainly on the hill where now ftands the church,, and where formerly ftood the monaftery; though between the time of the Romans and its monaftic ftate it was alio (as has been related p. 72.) the fite of a royal palace, not only for Ethelbert I. but for all his fucceffors, kings of Kent. The confular denarii, and the coins of all the Reman emperors from Julius to Honorius, and (harp,, fine, new-coined medals of Tiberius and Nero, which have been found here in great numbers, prove that the Remans had not only an early fettlement here, but that they long continued it. Many globules have been alfo found unfrruck, which, with other circimiitances, have given Dr. Battery reafon to fuppofe * Itin. VII. 137. -[-Kilburne afcribes die building of this cafhe to the emperor Severus. \ " Tribunus cohortis primae Vetafiorum Regulbio" under the com t of the Saxon ihore. Notitia Imperii. Hcrfley, Brit. Rom. p. 476. 4S7. Theie foidiers are called B^tasii in an infeription on an altar at Elenfoot fort in Cumberland. They were a people of Belgic Gaul, written in Pliny Betafi., in Tacitus Bciajii or JBttkeji. Hoi (ley, ibid, z8i. Cumbet-1. LXVI. 1 that RECULVER. that this place was formerly fo confiderable as to have had a mint, as vaft maffes of a mixed metal, formed by the melting uf fome brafs and gold coins which lay contiguous, have occalioned Dr. Plot alio realonably to conjecture that Reculver was formerly burnt, either by accident or by an enemy. Britilh coins, of the metal called elecirum^ one-fourth gold and the reft brafs, and fome others of filver, with odd characters on them, neither Britilh nor Gothic, but perhaps Gaulilh, (fee pi. III. and p. 76.) fome with Chriftian croffes, many quarter-pieces of the old Eng- lifh pennies, and others of king Henry III. and his three iuccef- fors, have alio been found here, with Roman urns, paterr^ vales, Sec. broken by the falling of the cliffs. The antiquities engraved in PI. III. found at Reculver, were communicated by the late Mr. Goftling to the Society of Antiquaries June 8, 1738. They are fuppofed to be the atitemia, or crofs bars, of the Roman vexillam, or ftandard #. Fig. 1 . is engraved by fcale from a drawing of Mr. Holmes -f, and is 9 inches | thin length, befides being a little crooked. The colours being laced to it through the feveral holes, which are on each fide of a larger one, through which, it appears by another (fig. 3.) found fince by the fame curious gentleman, -went a fwivel, with an oval loop, or ring, at top to faften it by to the pole, or pike, held by the ftandard- bearer ; a reprefentation of which is very common in the allocu- tions on the Roman medals, only with this difference, that in them the pole, or ftaff, feems to have gone through this hole. By the Tau, or crofs, on the fide oppofite, which in our plate has a rofe, it may be fuppofed to be one of the ftandards of the em- peror Conftantine, whofe coins have been fo frequently met with where this was found. Fig. 2. is feven inches long, and has but * Mr. Stennit of Boiton, and fome members of the Society of Antiquaries, fup- pofed them yards of a fhip ; referring to Bayfius de re navali, p. 164 — 168. Others imagine them the beams of fcales or ft'illiards, which perhaps is the mod probable opinion of the three. f Lewis on fcals, p. 7, where it is engraved. N 2 three 7 6 A N T I Q^U IT1ES IN KENT. three holes to lace the ftandard to it. Fig. 3. is four inches long-, and may have fer-ved as a. fibula, as cua ipring fwivels do now ; the ring hanging to a belt, and the antennas paffing through a flit in the accoutrements. Fig. 4. is a double pair, of two inches and two inches and a half in -length. The bell, or ornament, fig\ 5. has live triangular hole?. In the fame plate are reprefented 1 5 of thofe fmall rude coins mentioned by Dr. Battely (fee p. 75), who had them en- graved on a fcale larger than the originals, which were ftcre faithfully executed on a feparate plate, with many others found in and near the ifte of Thanet, at the ex pence of Mr. John White, in order to obtain fome account of them. The two fu'ii" are not unlike the coins of C/oz\ : s, engraved by Bouteroue, p. 19 c, who rails the bird a peacock. The erois on the eighth occurs on others of the fame prince, ibid. p. 199. 201, and in Bouteroue's feven plates at the end of his work. The reverfe of the laft may be paralleled with that in the fame author, p. 209 and 237. N° 14 may belong to T'beodoric, fon of Clovis, ibid. p. 2 ro. N° 5, and perhaps N° 7, is more perfectly reprefented in Boute- roue, p. 215, and referred to by Cl&dbnur. Vicus\ or f^ianiovicus^ was a confiderable town near the river Authie, with a good port, famous for its trade, and frequently mentioned in the reign of Dagobert, though now reduced to a village named ^uain-le-vieih Perhaps N os 9 and 1 o are of the fame kind. A clofe companion with the coins engraved in Bouteroue's book, allowing for the difference of draughtfmen, and with va- rieties in other cabinets not vet engraved, might perhaps afcer- tain all thefe coins to be Gaulilh. The RECULVER.. 77 The Roman town has heen long covered by the lea, which laft winter threw clown the remains of the north fide of the old Roman wall which furrounded the caflle, and makes fuch ra- pid inroads on the cliff (great part of it, with a houfe, Hand- ing when the view in plate I. was taken, and which in the memory of man had a farm-yard adjoining to it, being lately thrown down), that it has long been apprehended that this noble ftruclure and fea-mark, with all the level below it, notwith- ffcmding the great attention and expence bellowed in planking, piling, ike. by the commiffioners of iewers, will in a few years ll.are the fate of the Roman town above mentioned. Reafonable hopes, however, are now entertained that both the church and the level will be laved by the fkill and efforts of captain (now Sir Thomas Hyde) Page, of whofe abilities as an engineer the public ha\e had a remarkable proof, by his fupplying Sheernefs with Water from the depth of 328 feet, in July, 1782. For a flight fketch of the works at Reculver, propofed by Sir Thomas Page, and delcribed in a note, p. 90, fee plate V. fig. &. in which a o a are Fafcines. bbb High- water mark.. c c Return at each end. dd Jettees. e e e Cliff. / Church. For a farther account of the antiquities of this place, ther reader muft be referred to Dr. Rattely's Aritiquitates Rutupina (mentioned above) of which an Engiilh abridgement was pub- liihed by the compiler of this article in 1774. Helburcll 7 3 A "N T I -QJU I T I i: S I N K E N T. Helburgh was an ancient feat in this parifh. The fir ft that Philipot found poffeffed of it was Nicholas Tingewike, originally de- fcended from Tingewike in the county of Buckingham, and who likewife held large poffeffions at Dartford. Me died poffeffed of it, 1 4 Edward II.* i 3 2 1 . After this family deierted the pofftffion, Pines became its proprietors, of which family was James de la Pine, who was fheriff of Kent 26 and 27 Edward III. He was in pofTeffion of this place at his deceafe, 33 Edward III f. and left it to his lbn Thomas Pine ; to whom fucceeded another James Pine, who about the beginning of Henry IV. paiTed it away to Chey- ney, in which family it continued till the beginning of Elizabeth ; when the lord Henry Cheynev, who then began to retail himielf and his eftate out to ruin in parcels, alienated this to Maycott, whole fon, Sir Cavaliero Maycott (mentioned p. 72) an eminent courtier in the reigns of Elizabeth and James, on the entrance of that prince into his government, paffed it away to Sir Cbrijlo* pher Ciive; and he immediately after conveyed it away to Con fry, whofe fon, Mr. Thomas Contry, fold it to Sir Edward Majlers of Canterbury; and his fon, Richard Majlers, efq. was heir to it when Philipot wrote %. This is the fame manfion that is now called Brook § (fee p. 7 2) ; which name was fubftituted by one of the mafters, taken, I am informed, from the feat where they re- fided (now pulled down), near Wingham, and not, as I fufpected, from the adjoining brook. From the heirs of that family it came to the late Sir George Qxenden, bart. father of Sir Henry, the pre- fent poffeffor. * Rot. Efc. N° 182. This was probably the la ft rector at Reculver, who confented to the impropriation of it in 1 3 10. See the endowment in the Antiquities of Heme. One of the fame name was phyiician to Edward I. and had a grant of the prefen- tation, from that king, during the vacancy of the ke. See p. 68. Could he, in confequence, take orders and prefent himielf? f Kot. Efc. N 3 13. X Philipot's Kent. § Harris's Hilt, of Kent. The RECULVER. 79 The oyfters taken on this coaft are well known to have been a luxury at Rome in the time of Juvenal. Circeis nata forent t an Lucrinum ad faxum, Rutupinove edita fundo, OJirea, callebat primo deprendere morfa. Sat. IV. 140-. He whether Circe's rock his ovfters bore, Or Lucrine lake, or the Rutupian more, Knew at firft tafte. Duke, " The oi iters that be dredged at Re;,ulver, are reputed as farre- " fo paffe thole of Whitftaple, as Whitftaple doe furmount the " reft of this fliyre in favorie faltneffe'-V The beautiful fpires of Reculver have furnilhed Mr. Keate with an ingenious legendary tale in his Sketches from Nature, and they are alio introduced in two poems, with which I fliall clofe this article; the one by the lady who drew the Weft view of the church in plate I. the other by my friend Mr. William Jackfon of Canterbury. * I.arabard's Kenf^p. 2610. TO: S.o A N T I Q_U I T I E S IN KENT. To Anna Maria D. How happv, thus free from the trouble of drcf>, In this rural retreat, this quiet receis •, Where you walk with a book, and furnifh your mind •(" Leaft alone, when alone") with ideas refin'd j Where hiilory, poetry, fable and fong Alternately haften time fwiftly along : Too fwiftly, O time, for improvement and joy, The hours pafs away that you thus may employ ! Here, thick branches around yield afhehering (hade, There, a bench beneath firs invites to yon glade. Here no vifits of form our ftudies moled, Untortur'd your hair, unadorn'd flows your veft. Yet here with the warmeft reception of love We enjoy our friends' converfe in bower or in grove i A few chofen friends, who by friendfhip fmcere Are invited to gladden our folitude here; Where learning's purfued, and philofophy fought, And you, my dear child, are infenfibly taught How to value the world, its good to refpect, Its vices abhor, and its follies reject : Yet chearful and playful, befitting your age, I with not to check, by my precepts too f«jge, Any innocent failles infpir'd by youth, Since I fafely can truft your difcretion and truth. And when winter advances, with reverend pace, The languifhing charms of cool autumn to chafe, When forc'd by the feafon reluctant you move, And leave the fea-fhores, cliffs, and fields that you love, And high Reculver fpires, the mariners' mark, Fair fi >ht to behold from their far diftant bark j (O flop, mighty Neptune, now flop thy dread wave, And fave from deflruction thefe lifters, O fave !) Then H E C. U L * E U. a t Then hafte, dear Maria, this villa to quit, Society feek, and to faftrion fubmit. Avoid all extremes, and let moclefty guide, And carefully fhun afFeftation and pride. At home, and abroad, in the dance, at the play, Not prudifhly grave, nor coquettifhly gay, Your manner polite to all ranks and degrees', Infenfibly fweeten'd by wifhing to pleafe ; Let your heart to your friends be open and kind, And may friendship reward your ingenuous mind! Of your principles fure, and goodnefs of heart, I tenderly venture thefe hints to impart, For you only, Maria, my lays can infpire, Maternal affeclion awakens the lyre ; Haplefs lyre ! forgotten, unfought, and unftrung, 'Midfl heaps of old poetry carelefsly flung, 'Till for you, in foft accents, once more I efiay, By the Mufe's affiftance, advice to convey, Ever anxious to fee, in each ripening year, Improvements in wifdom and virtue appear. Methinks a prophetical fpirit I feel, Which tells me, this inftant, what Time {hall reveal ; Something more than the Muf? now attends to my prayer, And your future character feems to declare, When judgment manure (hall chafe ghjldhood away, Like mitts of the morning before the noonday, jitine, Sect, <, e r> 4 U\j t% A N T I Q^U ITIES IN KENT. The SISTERS: an Elegy. glide Written on By Mr. By the white margin of the tide, Lone wand'rer, as I ft ray, How free from care ! how tranqui My morning hours away ! Yet here my not inactive mind What various fcenes employ I For in this folitude I find Variety of joy. Whether amid thofe fons of toil, Who plough the fwellingfea, On yonder bench I reft awhile, And join their jocund glee ; And brifkly whilft from gueft to gueft Goes round the nappy ale, I liften to the peafant's jeft, Or hear the Jailor's tale : Or whether on the pebbly beach,, Eugenia by my fide, At length mv liftlefs limbs I ftretch, And watch th' approaching tide. And fometimes by the winding fliore I meditate alone, And liften to old ocean's roar, And hear the fea-bird's moaiu And oft as by the rolling fea In penfive mood I ft: ay, The fav'ring Mufe will deign to be The partner of my way. And oft, regardlefs of the fhore,. She turns my wand'ring eyes, To where, yon brown cliff peering o'er, The filter fpircs arife *. Ye fifters then, alas the while, A pitying tear I pay, To view your venerable pile, Now haft'ning to decay. the Shore at Herne Bay. W. JACKSON. For Ruin, ill betide the deed!' Ufurps each mould'ring ftone, And haftes with unobftrufted fpeed To claim you for his own. But oh, nor let me plead in vain, The impious deed forbear! Ye waves, reipeel the holy fane, And you, yc wild winds, fpare ! But yet, if neither wind nor wave Relpeft the tottering wall, O fon of commerce, haite and fave The fea-mark from its fall! Left, homeward bound, thy lucklefs crew Attempt thisdang'rous (hore, And all in vain with anxious view The filter fpircs explore ! And thou, with fruitlefs grief, behold Thy good (hip ' dock'd in land,' And all thy ftores of future gold Beftrew the length'ning ftr.and ! But oh, to winds untaught to. hear I pour the fruitlefs lay, And waves regardlefs or my prayer, And men more rude than they ! Ye filter fpires, though (lading fhame IJ Your ruins ftrew the plain, To blot the mem'ry of your fame Oblivion (trives in vain ! For that, to lateft times confign'd, Shalt live, fhall flouriih long, Your fame in Keate's fofttale-j-enflirin'd^ And Stella's moral fong J;. And aye, perhaps, if right I ween, This little lay fhail tell To future times ye once have been.: So, Sifters, fare ye well ! • See the view of Heme Bay, with the fpires as he*e defcribed, in plate VI. t See Kcate'a Sketches from Nature, i vols. J Mrs. D'$ Verfcs, printed in p. So. For rt e c u i v e n, 8 V For the following additional Account the Editor is obliged to William Boys, Eiq. of Sandwich, F. S. A. c T v. Sandwich, SIK ' Juiy 7 , .- THE remaining walls of Reculver caltle ikirt a hill of pit-fand, which is higher in every part than th? ground without the walls. The earth has fallen, perhaps has been wafhed, away from the bafe of the hill, and the foundation of the wall is thereby expofed to view in many places, which correfponds ex- aitlv with that at Richborough, being laid on imall fmooth pebbles in the natural foil. The facing of the wall both within- iide and without, as far as I can examine, is deftroyed ; except at the eaft end of the north wall, where it is perfect for a few yards in length, but not to a fufficient height from the bafe to comprehend a row of tiles ; none of which are to be feen en- tire in the wall, though numberlefs fragments lie on the ground, which, moil probably, were originally worked up in the facing of the wall, in rows, as at Richborough; where the firft row of tiles appears about five feet from the foundation. Many pieces of tile are introduced, in the moil irregular manner, into the ma- ibnry of the church, efpecially under the windows on the north fide. The wall is no where more than ten feet high ; and it is obfervable, that it never rifes above the level of the ground within the cattle. It mint have been originally higher, and the upper parts have been thrown down, ieemingly, on purpofe to bring the remains to their prefent level. Rut then, what is be- come of the fragments ? At Richborough, the fallen mafles have v> ithitood every effort of thofe who have been interefted, for ages, 2 tQ 8 4 A N T I Q^U I T I E S IN KENT, to remove or deftroy them ; nor has the weather operated with much effect upon their texture. On the other hand, the frag- ments that fall into the lea from the north wall of Reculver caftle, by their alternate expofure every day to air and moifiure, and by the action of the waves, are foon decompofed, and the detached materials are fpread to a great diftance over the furface of the fliore. May we not infer from hence, that the fea has here- tofore Waffled the foot of Reculver hill on the eaft, weft, and fouth fides alio, and that the fragments there have been difperfed by the fame operations as take place now on the north fide ? And might not this encroachment of the fea, by alarming the monks who occupied the area of the cattle, give rife to the embankments, which fhut out the fea from the marfhes, at the back of the caftle ? Upon meafuring the large fragment that fell lately, I found it to be between eight and nine feet in thicknefs ; lb that, with its two facings, the wall mull have been originally about eleven feet through, as at Rich borough. The fig-tree,faus carica, appears among the bufhes along the fouth wall ; and the dwarf elder, fambucus ebulus y abounds there. The fhore before Reculver is nearly covered with large maffes of fand-ftone, which are collected and arranged under the direction of the commiffioners of fewers, with a view to check the encroach- ments of the fea. But thefe, and all other expenfive operations of thecommillioners, though well defigned and properly conducted, have been hitherto ineffectual to prevent its ravages, which now begin to be truly alarming. The houfe marked (A) in the plan * has been damaged by the fea, and taken down fince the year 178 1, when my furvey was made ; and the church will, moll probably, foon be in the fame predicament, if meafures cannot be adopted to keep off the fea. In Leland's time, between 1 530 and 1537, the village of Reculver ftoodt " withyn a quarter of a myle, or * See plate IV. This houfe appears in pla'e I. f LbWrid's Itin. ~A eel. p. 1 9" 7 "a little ' Hate I\y<<>7 T ^>., m : w 1 i :/l,/., /Ctfrl / t ■-, j .-, ts J />■ //<< ■'/.//. of Df rt e e f * 1 — n \ ft £ •<". o to t=0 ^t£^_ * 5t 3 J 5, i moto> sass&oM s cliao ssoipssbtulatui R E C U L V h R. Fj " a litle more, of the fe fyde;" and Lelund's miles were none of the fhorreft. The cattle, when entire, occupied 8 acres, i rood, i pole of ground ; and the area within the walls mealured 7 acres, 2 roods, 26 poles. The church does not appear to he a very ancient ftrudture. It conlifts of a nave, two ailes, and a chancel. The arches in the body- of the church are pointed, and their pillars fquare. The fides of the two wefternmoft pillars are 8 feet by 15 inches; of the reft 3 feet 10 inches by 1 foot 3 inches *. The paffage from the nave into the chancel is under three circular arches, whole pillars are round, with capitals of a lingular kind, as in fig. 2. The great weltern door is of Caen Hone, much corroded and mouldering away. The arch is pointed and ornamented, as at fig. 3. The arch over the north door is circular, fig. 4. In the fouth wall of the chancel have been three double windows, as at fig. 5, two of which are bricked up. In the chancel, on a graveftone, is the following infeription, fig. 6, cut in the itone round its verge : Vos qni tranfitis, Thomam deflere velitis : Per me nunc fcitis, quid prodeft gloria ditis. Which may be thus tranflated, without much difgrace to the elegance of the original : All you that come near, upon Tom drop a tear: From whom 'twill appear, that the rich are poor here. Clofe by this ftone is another with figures, on brafs plates, of John Sandwey, efq; and Joan his wife, eight fons and feven daugh- ters +. The arms, in brafs, over the man, are three boars heads * Figure 1. in plate V, is the capital of one of thofe fquare pillars, i This epitaph is given in p. 73, and alfo in p. 89. O 3 couped 86 A N T I Q^U I T I E S IN KENT, coupetl at the neck; over the woman, three rams heads couped. Her head-drefs being fomewhat remarkable, I have figured it at N° 7, On a ftone fixed in the north wall of the chancel is a fhield carved and coloured, bearing Gules, femee of crofs croflets and a Lion rampant, Or. In one of the fouth windows painted on glafs is Azure a Crofs patee, Or, between four Martlets (the glafs of the latter removed). In another window, Gules, three Lions pafTant, Or. The external figure of the church is from actual admeasure- ment : the internal parts are moftly from memory. W. BOYS. Fig. 8. in plate V. was found in a field near Reculver, flicking to the tine of a harrow ; and is now communicated by John Thorpe, efq. F. S. A. Fig. 9. is explained in pp. 77 and 90. The defcription and fketch, however, of Sir Thomas Page's works having been given from the plan only, before they were begun, their poiition is dif- ferent to what is there apprehended. They are placed very near to the cliff', and not " much below high-water mark." Camden's Plate W./?y>o\ ^/*n-.w* J-/./7/I" ///V/' /v' - /////, r 4Jr/y /<■/'//> /Ar////rr t 4///'/;i S't>; paraverat, coenobium conftruimr, cujus abbas ultimus fuit Wenredus." MS_ Corp.Chrifti Coll. Caab. Mifc. G.p. 307, in Dugd. Morn Ang!. 1. 261 ■£ Hadrian Junius. Holland. NOTES 88 ANT1 QJJ I T I E S IN KENT. NOTES taken at Reculver, September 9, 1782, By the Rev. Sir John Cullum, Bart. F.R. ScA.SS. Reculver church Hands on the higheft part of the cliff, within a little of the fea, and at a difbnce is a ftriking object, from the two fpires at its weft end ; but, upon a nearer view of it, one is much difappointed. As a fpecimen of beautiful archi- tecture, for which it has been extolled, it deferves but little no- tice. Its weft end, which from its ft vie muft have been built lbme time after the Conqueft, feems never to have been very ela- borate; and the mouldings of the door-cafe, where the chief work was bellowed, being of a foft ftone, and greatly expofed to the weather, are much decayed. The reft of the mafonry was never excellent, confiding of irregular ftones intermixed with Roman bricks. The coins, however, are of fquared ftone. The body of the church is about 60 feet long, the chancel 48 ; the latter has at the eaft end a handfome triplet of lancet win- dows, and four lingle ones of the fame form on the north and fouth fides. It is feparated from the church by three round arches fupported by two lofty round pillars, with plain capitals. The floor of the church was formerly laid with terras, made of coarfe ftone and mortar ; the furface quite fmooth and even po- liihed, being thinly encrufted with a red compofition, as appears by fome parts ftill entire that are not in the tread of feet. This floor is ftill of excefiive hardnefs, the clerk being with difficulty able, even with a pickaxe, to get me a fmall piece of it as a fpecimen. At RECULVER. g 9 At the eafl end of the fouth aile of the church is this infcrip- tion, on a newly-painted tablet of wood, copied (and I fuppofe with fome faults) from an old one near it, almoft effaced : Here, as hiftoriographers have faid, &c. (as in p. 72.) On a tablet of black marble in the fouth wall of the chancel is fcratched (for it is fcarcely more), in the neateft manner, the por- trait of a man in a herald's furcoat, cloak, trunk- breeches, boots with the tops turned down, fpurs, head with fhort hair and fhort heard, and a ruff about a foot high*. Beneath him is this in- fcription : Here under quit from worldly miferies, £:c. (as in p. 73.) His arms are Or, a Crofs engrailed party per pale Gules and Sable, in chief Gules a Lion paffant guardant Or. The creft, an arm holding a fword wreathed with fome plant. This with the pediment and fome of the upper ornaments are tumbled down, and lie in a corner of the chancel ; and the reft will pro- bably foon follow. Under a man and woman with feven fons and one daughter, all of marble, kneeling, affixed to the fouth wall of the chancel, is this : Here under wake, &c. (as in p. 72.) On a flip of brafs on a fiat ftone in the chancel, beneath two figures in brafs, the woman with the immenfe head-drefs of the time of Edward IV. (fee plate V. fig. 6.) is this : Hie jacet Johannes Sandewey arraiger, et Johanna uxor ejus; quorum anircabus propitietur Deus. Amen. Near the lad is a ftone t thus circumfcribed in Saxon characters : Vos : qui : tranfiris : Thomam : defiere : velitis : Per : me : nunc : fcitis : quid : prodelt : gloria : ditis. * See plate II. + See plate V. f-.g. P The 9 o ANTIQUITIES IN KENT, The cliff is continually crumbling away (particularly in the winter time) and falling on the beach, where the children of the neighbourhood pick up leveral Roman coins» I was offered a handful of them, at no hrgK price; but they were all fo cor- roded "that they were not worth purchafing. They were all imall, fome exr- m* I; fo. • The crum 1 -^iv of the cliff on which the church ftands is become lb alarttMug, that I am informed this year (1783) fome means are to be employed to flop the evil*. I am not wil- ling to think that this echfice being a fea-mark is the only reafon of this attention to its prefervation t. * See p. 77. and plate V. fig. 8. Sir Thomas Page propofes to conftruft much below high-water mark a bread-work of long falcines fixed together and ifrongly fecured ; each end to have a return up to the ciiff, and, if neceflary, two jettees alfo to be carried out farther into the fea. Over this breaft-work, being in deep water, the waves will have much lefs power than when breaking on the ihore, and it is hoped it will alfo collect the beach, and thereby receive additional ftrength, as has been the cafe at Sheernefs. The prefent works, though very expenfive, have been found infufficient, and being near the cliff, the waves, by dalhing over them, form a back-water, which undermines and throws it down. D. f Certainly not 5 the Trinity-houfe having totally disregarded it, and the com- miiTioners of fewers, and the occupiers who p;:y fcots, having no view nor intereft: but to fecure the level, which mult be overflowed when the hill is wafhed away. D. APPENDIX. I 9 1 3 P P E N D I X. Carta Eadredi R. de ccenobio Raculfenfi cum omnibus ad id pertinentibus ecclefias Cantuarienfi concefiis et collatis. ►[-« "T^/f~ULTIS itaque viriorurn preftigiis mentes humanas inccntor fraud ulen- ..VJL tcr P e -., gulando deludit, nunc inquam promiffis quad prolixioris vita; fladiis decipit, nunc rebus migrantibus pervicacitcr quafi h'eceffarius inlicit. Interea etiam ftigia inferni fupplicia tanquam levia et trahfitoria fuggerit quatenus miftro- rum corda in cupiditate lafciviaque cncrent * difl'olvat iecumquc cabeata -J- ad tartara ducat. Sed fan&i viri prsefago fpiritu beftiales precognofcentes inlidias ' icuto bonru voluntatis coronati quicquid in femet ipfis terrenura feptiunt indefinenter atque naviter operibus fanftis exauriunt, unde defcoriatis coram ChriiTo Ihefu meriiis ruti- lantes fimillima Titanii fulgoris luce praeftriteritur. De quorum prjeconio tuba fancla? fcripturoc rebohans inter alia teflimonia propenfius intelligenda noflris box geminis auribus refultando profuuit. " Bead quorum veftimenfa alba furk in con- fpe&u domini, et alibi, " jufti fulgebunt Tint fol in regno patris eorum." Hnjus ergo dominici confpeflus & pater in amore regni perfufus, unde nobis viftus reftat fine dubio certus, de victuque dominus dixit " beatus qui manducabit panem in regno Dei ;" Ego Eadied rex divina gracia totius Albionis monarchus, et primi- ceiius Chiillo regi meo in throno regni perennis perpetualiter fubthronizato, et con- ceffis mihi ab eodem labilinm gazis rerum accepti tirocinii, quarto mei terreltris regni anno ad templnm iuum iucomprehenfibili dedicatum numini in urbe Doro- bernias Odone archiepifcopo metropolitanam cathedram praefidente, et regni cadeftis fuper arva Britannica dares prreportante, monafterium Raculfenfe bis denis fenif- que eftimatum caffatis interius exteriufque cum omnibus ad hoc rebus rite pcrtinen- tibus, five litoium, five camporum, agrorum, faltuumve, ficut inferius territoria promulgantur, humillime atque devotillime fincero corde in perpetuum jus quamdiu Chriltianitas v'igeat pro meis abluendis exceflibus indeterminabiliter impendo. Si quis autem, quod abfit, tiranica fretus poteftate, regalis, epifcopalis, five homo alicujus dignitatis, hoc decretum a Deo mihi conlatum infrihgere icmptavcrit, five hujuiive donationis a prsfata ecclefia vel paffum pedis fegregaverit, nifip.iushoc enorme fcelus pcenitendo deterierit fe facrile«ii culpam incurnffe et a domino Jh< Xto in perpetuum line ullo lubtra&ionis refocillatu dampnaturum perfemiat. * Lcgi inherentia. t Sic. r 2. Ha?c 9 * A N T I Q^U I t I E S IN KENT, Hare enim fingrapha anno dominicoe incarnationis DCCCCXLIX orthodoxorum fcripta elt uaanimi eonlenfu, quorum inferius nomina literaria qualitate diftingui •videntur. ►J« Ego Eadred rex dkina protegente gratia Albionis fuminam prsfidens agiaj cruris nunc caitulam notamine perftfmxi. Ego Odo archiepifcopus merropolitana praefideos gubcrnacione hoc donura regia concHTum munificeDtra figno cruris fixi. Ego Wulfjtan archiepifcopus metropolitici honoris faftigio Eboracenfis civitate ill 'alius huic largitau crucem atcripr. Ego Mifbe'dn epifcopus \V imonenfis ecclefiae hoc donum figno cruris confirmavi. Ego ALtehelgar Cridiai.enfis eccl fiai preful hanc largiratem corroboravi. Ego Mlfnc epifcopus hujus donarionis conftipuiater fignum cruris depinxi. F. o Wuijfige epifcopus hujus largiflui muneris domini figno falubri adnotavi. fc..,o ' hecdrt d epifcopus prodigam hanc impenfionctn patibuli confirmatu addidi. t o JElfreJ, epifcopus hoc Deo inftigante donum crucis Xti conftipulacu munivi. Ego Birbtfigc epifcopus hujufce donationis corroborauonem contuli. ►J» Ego Coonvali epiicopus confenl m adhibui. A Ego Cynefige epifcopus unaniraitarem prsbbuh y%* Ego IVijbeim epiicopus promiiiionem profudi. ►J< E^o Eadhelm abbas devotus in hoc praslViti. >J" E:>o Ofulf 6v.\ c nfcnfi et humiliter adftiti. ►J< Ego Eadmu o AthcJJian dux promto a.nmo confenli. >±> Ego- Etidgifu regis genitrix piasfati animo hanc prxfatam laetabundo in Xto iargitionem 6b dptabilem remunerationem conceffam figni corroboratrone falutifcrt hunuLime coniignavu ►x* Ego Dunfianus indfgnus abbas, rege Eadredo imperante, hanc domino meo harcdiranam kartulam di&itando compofui, et propriis digitorum articulis perlcripfi. >p His inquam limitibus Lsec telluris particula circumgirari viduur. /Cpepc on nop^S heal|:e j€^el| enBep lonfce. r'a popB berande oB NofSmvSari ro OQ.c-anbpoce Bonae Co asp epe^e, op arpnepeje ro 6anpbeBemuB.:r.. p t„i plar^emu^an on 0>apc peoCernrifan. Cp I eape-pleoCej-mu^an epC on (Banple&mu an. %onne on e-apc hea!jr- Co mylenpleocepemv^.ii o^ Sv^C.n op Sv^rai an lang bpocep Co j. arBerhasjunge, Bonne on SvBhealpc op hasBe- maepuige Co peocevrri. op ncoccum an do, 5 rcaeCe oB fee Agurd er meapcei fpjiu fee Ajurrinej- me. .pet oi. bpoc. anolanj bp cef 0% rCanbp\£e ]-vB ppom fCanbpuge o? pipe.inj; Co ' pircer cipicuii jjemame. ppom < CirCe]- cipican gemaepe o> eal&an haege on perc healp eai&an hege Co peaxum. Sonne perC ppom Eeaxum Co oei&an to Cingergemiepe ppom i mjt pgerrutpe oB gaca geh ■- gge. Bonne fienhan j-eopep rpvl ng unnan ea Ba=p lonoer te gebypeS inCo Racuipe. on TeneC t eopep j-.'vivnj on& an lap on papvo jebypeS ipco Racuipe. Bonne ij- c.iler f-c f lan&er xxv j-^vlvn^ "J au j-pvlvn^ on DeolvlpingCune j-vB be pealba )>sepe cipxan co boce. Hoc APPENDIX TO RECULVER. 9j Hoc eft. Primo, ab aquilone Mthclferthi terra ; ita prorfum per arcnam ufque ad North- mutham a ad [rivulum] Meanbroc [di&um]; inde ad prifcam viam ; a prifca via ad Eatifleda odium; ab Eanfieda? oftio ad Mearcfleotam'* : a Mearcfleota iterum ad Eanfled«e cftium, ab oricnte vera ad molendinarii fluenti odium ufque ad Suth- tunam c : a Suthtuna per longicudinem rivuli ad Htztbcmaringarn d : ab auftro vero a'i ll;rthema;nnga ad dipites, a ftipitibus per longirudinens via; adufque Sci Augudini linmem; a Sci Augudini litnitem ufque ad rivulum; per longitudinem. rivuli ufque ad p-ntem lapideum nuftrum [verfus]; a ponte lapideo ufque ad Wife~ hngam e , ad ecclefice Xti f Cantuarienfis] limkem ; ah ecdefiaj Xti limice ufque ad veterem fepem , ab occidente veteris fepis ad Feaxum. Tunc occidentem verfus a Feaxum ad Celdan, ad regis limitem ; a regis limite adufque portse fepem. Sunt autem quatuor carucatae terra; intra aquam qua; pertinent od Raculfe. In Thaneto qu tu r carucatae [terra;]) et unum pafcuum in littore pertinent ad Raculfe. Sunt auttm de tota terra ilia xxv carucatae et una carucata in Coelulfingtuna { ex auftro faltus ad ecclefiam reparandam [affignata;]. » Oftium fluminis aquilonare. b Limitaris fluenti oftium. c Auftralem villam, * F. portum celebrem. ' F. curculionum locunu f Ceolulii villa* A gran* 94 A N T I QJJ I T I E S IN KENT. A grant or demife of part of the demefnes of Reculver Monaftery made by Archbifhop Agelnoth to two of his minifters. From Somner's Antiquities of Canterbury, Append, p. 424. 4to. IN nomine domini noftri Jhu Xti ego Aegelnothus peccator, fervus fervorum Dei et minifter ecclefiasXti, Anglorum quoqnc licet indignus archiepifcopus, notum volo effe omnibus noftrse mortalitatis fucceflbribus quodquandem terram dominicam * Scse Marios llaculfenfis monafterii L. fcil agros in praeftariam annuo duobus mini- ftris meis Alfwoldo et Aedredo ex confenfu fratris nri Givebardi decani ejuidem ecclefiae fece matris Dei, ut illam terram habeant non longius quam ipfi placuerit decano, vel ejus fucceflbri. Quamdiu vero earn tenuerint fingulis annis dent in ipfo monafterio deo famulantibus ratam decimam frugum et omnium pecorum quce in ipfa terra nutriunt, et pro cenfu l denarios, et de lubje&is pafcuis 1 penfam ca- feorum et fi quid fraclura; contigerit. Ubi vero eidem fratri nro decano vel ejus fucceflbri vifum fuerit ut illam terram poffint fructificare dominicatui fuo recedant ab ea abfque querela et contradiftione, quia dominica eft Scse Marias, nee earn fibi vel poftcris ullo modo poffint defendere. Qnod fi prafumplerint et ipfi et fautores fui iramDei et excommunicationem omnium Dei fidelium incurrant, & legem patriae domino fuo folvant. Hujus praeflariie traditionis teftes funt fratres ejufdem monaf- terii et quidam milites mei qui fubter funt ordinate defcripti. Ego Givehardus fubferipfi. Ego Frefnotus mon. fubannotavi. Ego Tancrad mon. recognovi. Ego Milo mon. afiignavi. Ego Siwad miles conteflificavi. Ego Godric miles teftis fui. Ego Wlfi miles. Ego Wlfige miles. Eao lladvvine miles. Ego Orduoth miles. Ego Alfric miles hog'. Ego Ofward miles. lijo Aelf helm miles. Ego Lefsona miles. Ego Aelfric miles quatin'. * Dcdi or conccjji omitted. 1 Ego APPENDIX TO HECUI.VER. 95 Ego Sibribt miles. Ego Aelwine miles. Ego Haericus pr sbiter, jnbertte domino Agelnotho arcbiepifcop' 1 , banc cartu- lam confcripii die nati vicatis ^ci Jobaanis BapriiW. Evidemiae ecclcfic Xti Cant, ex MS. in collegio C. C. Cant, dicto Thorn. Inter Decern Scriptores, col. 22c;. A. cfnicx inc. DCLXXIX. Ego Lothnrius rex Cantuariorum pro remedio animre mere concedn ten-am in iniula Tbanatos in loco q.ii appc'.latur Wefianea tib , Birthwolde abba, tuoque mon„fterio cui nomen Racnlfe, cum omnibus ad illam rite pertinenubu-., eampia, palcuis, mariicis. A ijeci adhuc eidem eccldiae tux: terrain xii manlionum in loco qui dicitur Stureie, liberam ut fuperiorem ab omni ieculari fervioio, exceptis iitis tribus, expeditione, ponds et arcis conftruCtione. Ex eodem MS ro . lb. col. 221 1. Anno dnics incarnatlonis DCCXLV'I. Ego Eadbertus rex Canci^e cum con- fenfu optimatum neorum B'-egowini archiepifcopi et ca?rerorum principum meorum concedo ecclefi^ quae eft apud Recu!f et tibi, Deneah abba, tuasque f'amiiiae pro faluce anirme meae veftigal et tributum unius navis in portu ac "ilia qua; dicitur Fordewic ad opus u 1 prsefatus fum Scse Marine quae in jam nominata ecclefia Deo frrvit : (imulqne prascipio in nomine ommpotentis Dei praefeftis, prcEpofuis, ac- tionr.riis, et omnibus ndelibus qui habent vel habituri funt aliquam poteftatem ut haec mea donatio fit fttbilis & firma imperpetuum. Anno incarnati domini DCCLXXXIIII. Ego Ealhmundus rex Cantire do tibi, Wetrede, honorabili abbati masque familise degenti in loco qui dicitur Raculf Geftre terrain xu aratrorum qua? die tur Scbyldwic, cum univerlis ad earn rite pertinenti- bus, lib-ram ab omni feculari iervitio et ab omni rogaii tributo, e.Nceptis expedi- tione, pontis et arcis conftrudtione *• Ex eod. MS t0 . lb. col. 1220. Anno dnicse incarnacionis DCCCCXLIX. Ego Eadredus rex, prefente Odone arcbiepiicopo et Edina matre mea, dedi ecclelia? Xti in Dorobernia monafteriuni Raculfenfe, cum tota villa et omnibus ad earn rite pertinentibus, liberam ab omni feculari fervino, exceptis expeditione, pontis et arcis connructi9 In the reign of Edward W. a market Mas obtained to be held ihere on a Monday, and a two days' fair, by the intereit of the archbifhop, on the feaft of St. Martin, to whom the ehurch is dedicated. It has now a fair on Eafter Tuefday. The pariih-regifters, which are well preferred, commence with November 1558, 1 Elizabeth. In the fir ft 20 years were baptized 544, buried 651, married 162 couple. Iuthelaft20 years, ending with 3782, were baptized 742, buried 507, mar- ried 149 couples. By this it fhould feem to be more healthy now than formed v. Little Co material as what follows occurs in the registers : " 1565. John Jarvys had two woemen children baptized at " home joyned together in the belly, and havynge each the on; " of their armes lyinge at one of their own moulders, and in " all other parts well proportioned children. Buryed Aug. 29." " 1566. Stephanus Sawyer, vir piae memoriae, annos natus 11 92, Martii 30 vita fua finiit, cum 30 annos continuos pura u Chrifti religione contra Romanam tyrannidem profeffus fniffet." 11 1567. Ould Arnold, a cryfomer, buried February 8." This word, fometimes fpelt chrifomer, often occurs afterwards for about a hundred years, but not fince. Dr. Johnfon defines chrl- fom (from chrifm) to be " a child that dies within a month after its birth. So called (he fays) from the chrifom-cloath, a cloath anointed with holy unguent, which the children anciently wore till they were christened." Chrifm is applied in the Gloffaries to the popifh facrament of Confirmation. Ould Arnold might there- fore, in the firft appearance of Proteftantifm in England, be firft confirmed late in life, or perhaps on his conversion to Pro- teftantifm : as anciently perfons who were recovered from any herefy, if not already confirmed, were onointid wttb Cbrifm. Du Cange. Pa « 1567. too A N T I QJJ ITIES IN KENT. " 1567. William Lawfon, an infant, chriftiend by the woe- men, buryed 11 Martii." This remnant of popery, it feems, then remained. The church is a large ancient handfome ftrudlure, having a tower of flint and ftone, containing fix bells. It confifts of a nave, two fide ailes, and three chancels, of which the great chan- cel, repaired (as appears by the endowment in the Appendix) by the vicar, has fix Halls for the ancient popifh miniiters of the church like a cathedral, and was formerly divided from the nave by an open carved fcreen of oak, as the two other chancels are ttill. The nave is in height 33 feet, in length 70 feet, the chancel 43; total 113. The north chancel is in breadth 23, nave 30, fouth chancel 16 ; total 69. The whole roof is leaded,, and embattled, except that of the great and fouth chancels, which are tiled. The itone font is very ancient, with feveral elcutcheons of arms; now plailtered over. The wooden frame Hill remains of a final 1 organ,'' which, tradition fays, was fold to* Feverfham ; and two large tables of benefa&ions, hung up in 1777, fiiew that the annual donations to the church and poor amount to 15/. 10 s. gd. in money, and 17/. 5 s. in land. Total 32/. 1 5 J. gd. The vicarage is rated in the king's books at 20 /. 1 6 s. and is worth about 150/. per annum. A wett view of the church is annexed, in plate VI. By the endowment of the vicarage, taken from the regifier of archbiihop Winchelfey, A. D. 1310 (which, by the favour of Dr. Ducarel, will appear in the Appendix), the vicars of Reculver, Heme, and St. Nicholas are entitled, among other things, to omnes minutes decimas qiue ad altaragium * fpe£lare * The word aharagium flgnifies all tithes, offerings, oblations, &c. becoming due to a miniller by virtue of his office, or tor officiating at the altar, and confequently has fuch a latitude as to comprehend every tithabie matter not exprefsly mentioned in the endowment amongft: the tithes appropriated. Batman on Agijiment Tithes. 3 dicuntur. H E R N E- 101 dicuntur. The two latter are directed alfo to keep the great chancels in repair, or even to rebuild them if neceifary *, and to pay annually, Heme 40/. and St. Nicholas four marks, and ioj\ to the vicar of the mother-church. Befides thefe payments, the church-wardens of each of thole parifhes pay alfo to thole of Reculver five (hillings annually, in conlequence of a decree of archbifhop Warham, exempting them, on that condition, from the repairs of the mother- church, to which before they ltill remained liable, as the chapelry of Hoath is (till. On default of payment on a fet day, the ancient obligation remains in force. Extract from the lafl will and teftament of Chriftopher Milles, efq; of Heme, bearing date May 28, 1638. " I will and beqeath to my children the poor of Heme 3/. of Reculver 4/. of Hoath 2/. of YVeilbeert xl. a year, in all to I. to be paid the lafl day of Auguft every year from year to year after my deceafe, which was the day of my birth ; to continue as long- as it mall pleafe his grace and fuccefTors to continue the leafe of the paribnage of Reculver, Hoath, and Heme, to any of my fur- name, that one after another mail fuccecd me in the faid paribn- age and tytheries ; and therefore pray the vicars and minifters of Reculver, Hoath, and Heme, and parfon of Weitbeer, for the time being, and the chief of every parifli it concerns, to be petitioners, as cauie (hall require, to his grace and fncceflbrs for the poor in that behalf, as they tender the well-doing of their own children they mail leave here behind them, and would not the guilt of * His grace fnrely everted here a lingular and unwarrantable ftretch of authority, as otherwile thefe repairs by common law would have belonged to the archbifhop himfelf, or his tenant of the great tithes, whom he thus took upon him to exonerate. It is alfo remarkable that the prefent incumbent of Hernc, contrary to the ufual cuftom and practice, not onlv has a vicarage ifl which he repairs the chancel, but two reclori s (in Canterbury) whofe chancels he docs not repair. 1 Why Mr. Milles left this benefa&ion to Weft beer, v. Inch is not an appro- priation, like the others, does not appear. confeience j S3 A N T I QJJ I T I E S IN KE N T. conftienee they elfe fliall hence carry with them for ncp-lccliiH- to gain the charity of the dead towards the living poor, fo adopted my children." The leaie of the laid parlbnage flill continues in the fame fa- mily, being now held by Richard Milles, efq; of Nackington near Canterbury, and North Elmham in, Norfolk, the lineal defcen- dant of the above teilator. Mr. Milles is interred under a flat marble in the great chancel, with the following infeription : " In memory of Chiiftopher Milles, cfq. femetime clerk of queen Anne's robes, afterwards fucceffively fworne of king James and king Charles's moll: honourable Privy Chamber. c With whom is here interred Mary, his fecond wife, on his left fide, and Edward, his eldeft Ton, on his right.. Wee fleepeTecure, as haveingJoft but breath, And gain'd the life which never fuflereth death. Edward died the iStli of February, 1627. Mary the 3d of October, 1631. Chriftopher the 13th of November, 1638. In the lame grave with Edward lyes buried Alicia, firft wife of Chriftopher Milles, gent, who died March 21, anno 1664; and Sarah his fecond wife, who died January 29, 1675." On the North fide of the fame chancel is a handfome marble monument furmounted by the ere it. and arms of the family. Below them another efcutcheon, under a canopy held by two weeping cherubim, on each fide a flaming pillar, and under them two other efcutcheons, reprefenting in all the four different bear- rings of Mr. Milles's four wives ; and on the table beneath a La- tin infeription to the memory of Chriftopher Milles, efq; (grandfon of the former) who died January 22, 1706, aged 61, and of his four wives, viz. Alice, daughter of Robert Saunders of Maidftone, in Kent, gent. Sarah, of Samuel Difborow, of Elfworth, Cam- bridgefhire, efq; Margaret, of John Boys, of Betfhanger in Kent, efq; and Elizabeth, of Cheney Colepepper, of Leeds-Caftle in Kent, efq; by all whom he had children, but left only Samuel iurviving by the fecond. On II E R N E. 103. On the South fide of the fume chancel is a black and white marble pyramidrcal monument, on the bafe of which is a Latin epitaph on the abovementioned Samuel Milles, efq. fteward of the temporal courts of the archbifhop and dean and chapter of Canterbury, and of the monattery of St. AuguftineV, and mem- ber of parliament for the neighbouring city in the reign of king George 1 *. He married Anne, fitter of Sir Thomas Hales, bart. by whom he had fix fons and fix daughters, of whom Chrifto- pherthe eldell erected this monument. He died Dec. 10, 1727, aged 70. Arms of Milles quartering Hales. Againit, the Eaft wall, on a white oval marble, in a frame of Si- enna, is an infeription to the memory of the Rev. Charles Milles r M. A. rector of Harbledown in Kent, and minifter of Great and Little Wallingham in Norfolk (a younger fon of the above Sa- muel), who died June 24, 1749, aged 4?, and of two of his daughters, Catherine aged three years, and Anne aged 25, who are all buried in the family vault near that place. Above is an urn, with the letters A.M. under a weeping willow, and beneath the arms of Milles and Brooke, and Milles Angle in a lozenge. This monument was carved by Moore. Under the bra fs figure of a warrior in armour and his wife, l^tc jatct pctrus Ipall, armt'g. * eit?abetfj nror ejus, filia Dcm. tailhclm. cctutcrs, nulttis, ctDom. tBargaretix ujrons (without date.) ©JatcrDc:, imfcrcrc nici. i^tc jarct 9nto. Lcfcciick, armtg. ct Conffantt'a ttrcr tins, qui obtt't 10 £)itob. 15 1 1. l£ic jarct CSlilfjclnuis Jfincur, fa". ? F;crcs loljmms f incur, nttlttis, qui obtit rrgts l^cnriri U$%. Sir John Fineux was one of the juftices of the King's Bench to Henry VII. and a benefactor to the Auftin Friars at Canterbury t. * His grandfon, the prefent Richard Milles, efq; reprefented this city alfo in the three firft parliaments of the prefent reign. j- Appendix to Soainer's Canterbury, N° 22. Others i04 A N T 1 QJJ I T I E S IN KENT. Others of that name (Weever fays) lie here entombed, but without any inicription to preferve their memory. On a brais plate, however, near the communion-table, under the brafs figure of a lady in the drefs of the times, is an infcrip- tion in old characters to the memory of Elizabeth the wife of John Fyneux, efq. who died Auguft 22, 1539. And on another, 3|ofjtt 5ft>neuie, late of l^arne, cfq. ano Margaret fits toife, oanghfep of Stomas Qf)ot'lep, fomcttntc of ©lync, tit tlje county of ^niftex, cfq. g>fjc Diet) * SDcc 9, 1591; ano fje 3!uly 3 T > l 59*> leatotng one only Daughter, mittj, cfq. fon an& jicic of 2Dfjomas ^mitfj, late of (Jpffcnfjangcr, tit Kent, cfq. On a flat rtone, " To the memory of the Rev. William Rogers, B. A. vicar of Hearne, who died Auguft 28, 1773, aged 52." Againft the North wall of this chancel is an old marble monu- ment, reprefenting a warrior in armour kneeling on a cufhion at a table, under a pediment fupported by two Corinthian pillars. Above are the arms of Tbomhurjl, Ermine on a chief Gules, two leopards heads Argent ; under a pediment fupported by two pilafters ; and over them hang the banners, and are placed the helmet, creft, &x. Below is the following infeription : " Here lieth buried the body of Sir William Thornhurft, knight, forme and heire to Sir Stephen Thornhurft, of Foorde, in this countie, knight, which Sir William married Ann, daughter unto the Right Honourable Thomas lord Howard, vifconnt Howard of Bindon, and by her had iflue one fonne, named Giftord Thorn- hurft, and two daughters, Frances and Grace. He dyed the 24th daye of July, 1606, and in the 31ft year of his age." Under the North window of this chancel in the wall, with three efcutcheons on it almoft defaced by whitewafh, is an old tomb without any memorial, probably of the founder of the church. •* This lady in the Regifier is buried the fame dav, December 9. On H E R N E. , 0i On a flat ftonc near the communion rails is a brafs figure in a batchelor of divinity's gown (lee plate VIII. fig. 2), with this inscription, in old characters : &>i(Jc rcraDum, utccas, corpus jxtt, ccce, Ju\)mnis Daricr, qui imiltts filit fitr mir^us in annis : 3dc pater mortim futt ct Acs pljilofcprjoriai?, £lui tin norma Icgts parriec fmt ancljcra grcgis 5 pagtna facra cm Dectt tnceptorts Ijonorcm. Round the margin, tyic ;acct magitfer Ramies SDarlcij, baccalanreus in facra rhcologta, quoimam IZlicanus * * * * [The reft illegible.] In the South-Eaft corner of the South chancel is a mural mar- ble monument, with two kneeling figures, between them Memo- rice Sacrum, under an arch with a pediment fupported by pillars, and the arms of Knowler in the cornice, and below is an epi- taph on Robert Knowler, gent, of Heme, who died May 1, 1635, aged 62, and Su fan his wife, who died July 18, 1631, aged 57. On feveral black marbles are reflectively commemorated, in the fame chancel, Richard Knowler, M. A. of Pembroke college, Oxford, fecond foil of the above Robert, who married Anne, daughter of Richard Sandwell, of Minfter, in the Ifle ofThanet, and died Feb. 20. 1659, aged 59, leaving four fons and three daughters: Thomas Knowler, gent, and batchelor, fourth fon of the fame Robert, who died March 27, 1658, aged 39, and gave 10/. to buy a pulpit-cloth and a communion- cloth, 10/. to be diftributed upon the day of his burial to the poor, 2/. per annum. for ever to repair this ifle, and 5/. per annum for ever to cloath the poor of this parifh, out of his farm at Beltinge, in Hearne : Elizabeth Knowler, fecond daughter of Richard, who died Nov. 29, 1724, aged Gilbert Knowler*, of Stroud, in Hearne, grandfon of Richard, who died Feb. 16, 1729, aged 67. He married 1. Elizabeth, daughter of Flias Juxon, M. A. 2. Honywood, daughter of Vincent Denne, ferjeant at law. 3. Sulanna, daugh- ter of Martin Lifter, M. D. * William Knowler, LL. D. of S - . John's College, Cambridge, and re&or of Boddington, Nonham,iti;nfrn e (who died in Dec. 1773, anJ of whom an account is given in the '* Anecdotes of Mr. Bowyer," p. 448), was cue third fon of this gen leman. R And fob A N T I QJJ 1 T I E S IN KENT. And on a mural monument of two Corinthian pillars of Sienna marble, iupporting a pediment, is an inscription, To the inemory of Gilbert tvnowler, efq. (e'.deft fon of the \.\i\) who died Feb. 23, 1737, aged 45. and of Mary his wife, daughter of William Blandford, citizen of London, who died June 28,1735, aged 43 leaving Gilbert* their fon ft ill Turviving. On a flat ffone in this chancel is the following t 1 Here lies a piece of Chrift, a ftar in duff, A vein of gold, a China difh, which muft Be us'd in Heaven, when God iliall feed the juft. Approv'd by all, and lov'd fo well, Though young, like fruit that's ripe, he fell. In the North chancel are feveral brafs plates, figures, and in- fcriptions, well preierved ; in particular one with a figure in the drefsof the times, and a gold chain, of lady Philip, wife of Sir Matthew Philip, lord mayor of the city of London in 1 46 3 (fee plate VIII. fig. 1.) fon of Arnold Philip of Norwich,, with this infeription : 2Dratc fpmaltfer pro anima SDomtnc %tinc Dunum utovis flpatbet pfjelp, aart- fabrt, ac qucnoam majoris ciuitatts ILonoon', que mtgrafcit ab hac foslle mtferie $%W Die tyaii #° JD'nt mtUeCmo €€€<&%*%" ; cujus m't pcopitictur JDeus. 3mcii. Which Weever gives thus : Hie jacet corpus Chriftine dudum uxoris Matthei Philip, aurifabri, ac maioris Londonenfis, qus obiit r 47°; pro cujus animas falute velitis Deum orare. This lord-mayor was created a knight of the Bath at the coro- nation of Elizabeth, queen of Edward IV. together with Sir Ralph Joceline, and Sir Henry Weever ; and after that, with other aldermen, was knighted in the field, anno 147 1. * The prefent Gilbert Knowler, efq. who married, in 1754, Barbara, daughter of William Prefgrave, efq. furgeon, of Weftminfter. Having no iflue, he has fold the reverlion of this eftate, after his lift, to Samuel Whitbread, efq. M. P. for Bedford, and refides at Canterbury. The H E R N E. 107 The following account of bifliop Ridley's connection with this parifh is taken from Dr. Ridley's Life of that prelate. " Mr. Nicholas Ridley was collated by archbifhop Cranmer to the vicarage of Heme, in Eafb Kent, April 30, 1538, vacant by the death of John Warren. Here he was diligent to inftrufr. his charge in the pure doctrines of the Gofpel as far as they were yet difcovered to him (not from the fchoolmen and popifh doctors) except in the point of Tranfubftantiation, from which error God had not yet delivered him. And the good fruits of his miniftry were feen in the effects it had, particularly on the lady Fiennes [rather Fineux] whom he converted to the Gofpel truths ; which fhe afterwards teltified by her future exemplary life and good w r orks. And to enliven the devotion of his parilhioners, he ufed to have the Te Deum read in his parifh-church in Englifh ; which was afterwards urged in accufation againfl him. " For two years Mr. Ridley refided at his parifh of Heme, get- ting new lights himfelf by a clofe application to his ftudy of the holy Scriptures and the Fathers, by friendly conference with his patron the archbifhop [who frequently refided in the neighbour- hood at his palace of Ford-], and faithfully communicating to bis people the word of God. And while he w r as at Heme, he ib well uncharged his pattoral office, that he gained the general ap- plaufe of the people in the adjacent parifhes, who, neglecting their own teachers, for many miles round would come to hear his fermons. " In 1543 Dr. Ridley [being then alfo mafter of Pembroke- hall, Cambridge, and a prebendary of Canterbury] was prelcnted at the archbifhop's vilitation, for preaching at St. Stephen's againft auricular confeflion, and for having Te Deum fung in Englifh at Heme, where the faid " Mafter Doctor" was vicar. * Of" this palace a particular account maybe feeu in r. uz. R 2 " Dr. io« A N T I Q^U IT I E S IN KEN T. «' Dr. Ridley fpent a great part of the year 1545 in retire- ment at Heme, and probably carrying with him an apology pub- limed by the Zuinglians tor their exploding the doctrine of Tran- fubftantion, ftill in fome degree maintained by Luther and his followers, gave the queftion a fair examination, and difcovered its fpphiftry. In point of authority too his eyes were opened by a fmall treatife written about the year 840 by Ratramus, or Ber- tram, a monk of Cologne, at the requeft of the emperor Charles the Bald, which had been publifhed at Cologne in 1532, and fully vindicated the doctrine from the charge of novelty. Dr. Ridley was no fooner convinced, than he itrengthened his bre- thren, firft convincing archbifhop Cranmer, and in the follow- ing year, by Cranmer's means, old Latimer. And this was lay- ing the axe to the root of popery. li In May 1547 Dr. Ridley was prefented by the fellows of Pembroke-hall to the vicarage of Soham in Cambridgefhire, and in September following he was advanced to the fee of Rochefter, with which he held the vicarage of Heme in commendam, nor quitted it till he was tranflated to the fee of London in 1550, when Thomas Brooke (one of the fix preachers of Canterbury cathedral) fucceeded him." In his laft farewell, when under fentence of death, to all the places with which he had been any way connected, Heme' is thus diftinguifhed : " From Cambridge 1 was called into Kent by the archbifhop of Canterbury, Thomas Cranmer, that moft reverend father and man of God, and of him by and by fent to be vicar of Heme in Eaft Kent. Wherefore farewell, Heme, thou worfhip- ful and wealthy parifh, the firft cure whereunto I was called to minifter God's word. Thou haft heard of my mouth oft-times the word of God preached, not after the popifh trade, but after Chrifi's Gofpel : Oh that the fruit had anfwered to the feed ! And yet HER N E. 109 yet 1 mult acknowledge me to be thy debtor for the doftriae of the Lord's Supper, which at that lime God had not revealed unto me : but 1 blefs God in all that godly virtue and zeal of God's word, which the Lord by preaching of his word did kindle ma- nifestly both in the heart and the life of that godly woman there my lady Fiennes » : the Lord grant that his word took like effect there in many more !" Bilhop Ridley was burnt at Oxford, with bifhop Latimer, October 16, 1555. Heme having a commodious bay and two fworn meters, feveral colliers frequent it from Sunderland, &c. and two hoys, of about 60 tons each, fail alternately every week with corn, flour, hops, 8cc. to London. The foil is clayey. Thirty-feven teams are kept in the parifh. It has about 17 acres of hops X had lately- double that number, and thefe are continually difplanting. It alfo produces much canary, of which it fometimes has had 1 00 acres. The parifh raifes to the land-tax, at 4^ in the pound, 342/. 16s. To the poor-rate, at 3J. 486/. 18 s. Its annual rents, as rated to the latter, are 3179/. 10 s. It appears by the endow- ment that Reculver, Heme, St. Nicholas, Hoath, and All Saints, contained in the year 1310 above 3000 fouls ; and thefe were continually increafing. . In queen Elizabeth's reign a beacon was fixed in this parifh on the hill where ftands the windmill, as appears by a chart of the beacons in Lambard's Perambulation, drawn by the direction of Sir William Brook^ lord Cobbam, lord lieutenant of the county. '■* This lady I fuppofe to be the tame who was buried in the great chancel in 1539. Seep 104. Epitaph ,xo A N T I QJU ITIES IN KENT. Epitaph mentioned in p. 102. M.S. Christophobi Milles, armigeri ; qui, fexagefimum et alterum jam annum agens, vicefimo fecuodo Januarii, anno falutis 1700, animi deliquio inter legendum correptus, puntto temporis fato conceffit : aliis quidem (quorum in rebus adverfis commodiflimum fe praebuiv) prasmaturo : fibi, ob vitam pulcherrime aftam, fatis opportuno. Erat fide, probitate, conftantia, atque imprimis continentia fingulari. Juftitiam, ut privatus femper, ita non minus in magiftratu coluit. Paterfamilias diligens, ac prudens j ut fui non profufus, ita nee alien! appetens : amicis beneficus, ac propter mores f'acillimos gratus omnibus, fuis egregie charus. Ingenio ingens, judicio non minor, quidquid ufui erat comparaverat fe magiftro; pra?cipue rerum gerendarum prudentiam ; Sermo pro moribus, proque indole fuit ; lenis, promptus, expeditus, ante omnia comis, modeftufque ; inerat cum gravitate lepos, fine dicacitate facundia, refte pra^cepta verbis non invito, fed nee temere fequentibus. Atque hssc vel folus, vel cum paucis habuit. Sunt et alia communia, fed pro more memoranda tamen. Uxores quatuor in matrimonium duxit, Aliciam Roberti Sanders, de Maidftone in com' Cant. gent. Sarah Samuelis Difbrowe, de Elfworth in com' Cantab, ar. Margarettam Johannis Boys, de Betflianger in com' Cant. ar. Elizabetham Cheney Colepepper, de Leeds Caltle in com' Cant. * eq.^ Cumque ex omnibus parens factus effet, ex fecunda et tertia plures liberos fufcepifi'et, unum Samuelem e>: fecunda fuperftitem reliquit ; qui hoc quale quale pietatis in optimum patrem monumentum pofuit. De primisduabus uxoribus loquitur marmor propinquum : hoc ergo noluit delundta de tertia fikie (quuna luperftite) cui vir cordi,' privigni ac fui in deliciis erant. Virtus memoiiam confecravit, et pofteris exemplum. ub. Lee. 10, 1679, art. 31. * In the Englifli, therefore, p. 102, for • Cheney Colepepper, efq.' read * Sir Cheney Colepepper, lent.' EriTAPH > Filiam. H E R N E. in Epitaph mentioned in p. 103. Pofteris facrum, et feli ci memorise Samuelis Mii.les, armigeri ; quern liluifle et illi et tibi, leflor, fuerac injurium; pukherrimum enim defuiflet exemplar ?iri in omnibus turn civis, turn hominis, officiis probati : qui icientiam juris, prsecipue municipalis, (ct erat cum paucis fcientiffimus) ad fanctiffimosulus accommodavit, inopise ec innocentia? paratus femper advocatus. Csteras laudes, quas angufta non capit tabula, tuam quam honeftiffime vitam inflituendo, tu, lector, quovis melius epitaphio, fupplebis. Dum rebus interfuit humanis, in curiis temporalibus dom' archiep' dec' et cap' Cantuar', et monafterii divi Auguftini, cognitor piEcfedit; et a civitate vicina, regnante Georgio primo, ad parliamentum delegatus eft. Uxorem. duxit Annam, fororem dom' Thomas Hales, baronetti, ex qua fex filios et fex (ufcepit rilias ; quorum Chriftophorus natu maximus, pietatis et gratitudinis ergo, monumentum hoc optimo parenti dicavit. Ob. 10 Decembris, A. D. 1727* fareque aetatis 70. - FORD- I H2 ] ORD-HOUSE. This palace, which lies partly in the adjoining parifh, or bo- * rough, of Hoath, and partly in Chiflet, was the moft ancient feat belonging to the fee of Canterbury; being given to it by Ethel- bertl. king of Kent, who, as has been faid, refided in the latter part of his reign at Reculver : but it was demolifhed about the year 1658, and the bricks, timber, and other materials fold to any purchafer*. Archbimop Cranmer refided much at Ford. In particular we find him there in 1537, when the plague raged at Lambeth, and the Bible wasfirit publifhed in Englifh. And king Henry VIII. in one of his excurfions to the Continent, went in his barge to Gravefend, where he landed, and proceeded on horfe- back to Ford, where he lodged that night with the archbifhop, and then continued his journey to Dover, where he embarked. Cran- mer was there. alio in 1552, when he reviewed the Articles of Religion. And it is remarkable, that though he had had an ague that fummer at Croydon, he removed to Ford in October ; a low fituation, and fo unhealthy, that archbimop Parker would have pulled it down to repair and improve the palaces at Beakfbourn and Canterbury, but met with fuch delays in his fuit to the queen for that purpofe, as made him drop the deiign t. In 16 1 3, November 2, archbifhop Abbot granted the office of keeper of Ford park to Sir Peter Manvood, knt. J; and it was confirmed to him by the dean and chapter of Canterbury [|. * Harris's Hilt, of Kent, p. 157. -f- Ibid. % Chartae Mifcellanerc, in the MS. Library at Lambeth, vol.1. N° 34. || Ibid. N" 33. 7 In O R D - H O U "J In 1620, Dec. 8, the fame archbifhop granted the cuftody of the manor and palace of Ford to Sir Thomas Perryn, knt. * ; in 1 6 2 5 , July 15, to William Ayfone t ; in 1628, April 12, to Sir Mat- thew Mennes, knt. J ; to whom it was again granted Auguft 2 1, 1632 ||; and in 1634, June 4, to Nicholas Robinfon §. In 1627, on archbifhop Abbot's refilling to licenfe a fermon preached by Dr. Sibthorpe at Northampton affizes, in juftification of a loan which the king (Charles I.) had demanded, he was or- dered by his majefty (July 5) to withdraw to Canterbury; which the archbifhop declined, becaufe he had at that time a law- fun. with that city, and defired he might rather have leave to go to his houfe at Ford, which was granted ; and on the gth of Octo- ber a commiffion was given to five bilhops to exercife the archi- epifcopal authority. But about Chriftmas his grace was lent for, and reftored to his power *&. An exemplification of all the archbifhop of Canterbury's pri- vileges, eftates, and manors (granted to archbifhop Sheldon by- king Charles II. October 31, in the 10th year of his reign it) is preierved in the MS. Library at Lambeth; with an exemplifi- cation of a decree concerning the perpetual freeing of the fee of Canterbury from rebuilding Canterbury Palace, Ford Houfe, and Beakefbourn, 1 9 Charles II JJ. I know of no view of this palace now in being. From the ruins of walls and the foundations that remain (fee plate VI.) little can be collected, but that the buildings were extenfive. The ar- chiepifcopal records at Lambeth have, however, fupplied the fol- lowing defcription from the Parliamentary Survey of 1647. " The gate-houfe, or lodge, ufually the houfekeeper's, of four " ground-rooms and three above, and two bays of outhoufing, * Chartcc Mifcellaneze, in the MS. Library at Lambeth, vol. I. N° 31. f Ibid. N° 26. + Ibid. N° 44. || Ibid. N° 32. § Ibid. N° 37. Rufliworth's Collections, vol. I. •ft Chartse Mifccllancac, vol. XIII. N° 1. \ .'. Ibid. N° 1. S " all ,i 4 ANTIQUITIES IN KENT. " all built with brick, a fmall orchard and garden, with a dove- " houfe, timber-built, covered with tile ; in the whole, eight t( acres broad, with the park unftored with deer, containing u 1 66 acres of gravelly and fandy land ; " Value per annv.m^ - " Broom field, in the parifh of Heme, at 4 J. per " acre/*?/' annum, :\ l. s. d. 43 10 16 44 6 20 24 6 Q 11 Rent reierved to the archbifhop, " Neat value, - - - " Timber and pollards, about 300, valued at 90 /. " All the materials of all the buildings worth, to be fold, " 820/. il The premiffes are within feven miles of Canterbury, and a three from the fea. " The keeper of the houfe, ponds, and gardens, the park and " the woods, in the rordfhip of Heme and Reculver, had a patent " for three lives, with all pannage and herbage for fix cows and "four horfes or geldings ; the gate -houfe, or lodge, with dove- " houfes, &c. ; 2d. per diem ; and four cart-loads of wood out of the " faid woods, and a livery with the gentlemen ; and a claufe of < 5 diftreis for the id. per day of the herbage and pannage upon " the manors of Heme and Reculver, or Chiller, except the young " pidgeons of the dove-houfe when the archbifhop reiides at Can- " terbury, or within twelve miles of it. " Belonging to the faid manor are two free commons lying in " the parifh of Heme, one called Hunter-ftreet *, and the other *' Belting-green t, which are for the lord's tenants and any travel- " lers and drivers to reft their cattle, containing in the whole fe- *■'- ven acres.* * Now Ilunter's-borftaK t The prefent name. li There F O U P - II O U S E. ii ' " There are two fairs ; one at Reculver at Lady-day, and the " other at Heme on the Friday before Ealter yearly ; and all " worth 2 d, per annum each. " Iflliing out of the faid manor a yearly pen (ion of 2/. to the " vicar of Reriilyer* ; and an acre of land, parcel of the manor ad- joining to Lord's mead, worth per annum 10 /." It appears by the regilter-book of Reculver that the archbiihop had a chapel there; " Francis, ibnne of Sir Thomas Perry n, knight," being baptized in it " September 28, 1620 1." Though why he mould be regiftered in Reculver rather than in Hoath, in which the palace flood, I know not. Some of the walls have flues in them, the life of which cannot be afcertained. Part of the old gateway ftill remains. There feem alfo to have been fifh-ponds, a vineyard, and a park ; which latter retains the name. And tra- dition fays, that a turning in the Reculver road leading to Chiflet is called Oxenderfs corner, from fome of that family in ancient times there making depredations on the archbilhop's game, and having frays with his keepers. * ee p. 128. -f Seep. ii£ S 2 DAUN- [ "6 ] DAUNDELION, A fafnicnable place of refort in the parifh of St. John the Bap- tifl in Thanet, was once the feat of a family in elder times called Dent de Lyon* (lion's tooth), as appears by ancient deeds temp. Edw. I. About the reign of Henry IV. the name was changed to Dandelion, Daundelyoun, or Daundekon ; i. e. they wrote their name as it was pronounced or fpoken, not as it was originally fpelt. In that prince's reign this eftate belonged to John Daun- delion, as appears by feveral deeds of that age. He had iffue John Dandelion, or Daundelyon (whofe heirels about the beginning of the reign of Edward IV. married to Petit, of Shalmesford, near Chartham), and lies buried in the North chancel of St. John the Baptift's church, Margate, with his portraiture in brafs, and this infcription : ^tr jarct Bfoljanncs £>atmt)cl?cw, gcnttlman, qui obtit in Hit Inbennonis £>anrte Cruris, anno ab tnrarnartonc JDomtnt ncrftri 3lcfu Cljriftt millcfimo rrrcrlt) ; rujus aninic propirtetur SDcus. From this alliance the ancient feat descended at laft to Captain Henry Petit, who died Feb. 23, 1661, being then 30 years old, and by his two wives having had ten children, of whom five fbns fur- vived him. His epitaph, and thofe of feveral of the name, may be feen in Lewis's Hiftory of the Ifle of Thanet, Col. p. 86 — 88. It feems as if this feat was anciently walled round very ftrong- ly, according to the falhion of the age, for a defence againft bows and arrows. Part of this wall is ftill ftanding with the gate-houfe t, built with bricks and frmts-'in rows, with loop-holes and battle- ments at top. Over the gate are the arms of Daundelyoun (as in plate VII. fig. 2.) viz. Sable, three Lions rampant, between two bars dancette Argent. On the right hand of this gate is a fmaller one for common ufe, at the right corner of which is a blank ef- * Plailipot's Villare, p. 386. \ See a Nortk view of it in plate VII. cutcheon # U N D E L I O N. 117 cutcheon, and at the left corner a demy lion, with a label out of his mouth, out of which is written Daumiciyon, as repre- fented in fig. 3. Under the right fide of it, as you go out of the gate from the place, was found in 1703 a room large enough to hold eight or ten men, in which were a great many pieces of lachrymatories of earth and glafs. Under the other fide of it is a well-prifon. Over this gate-houfe, betwixt the towers, has been erected a building of pann el-work for a pigcon- houfe. In "the window of the manfion-houfe are the arms of Daundeleon quartered with thofe of the Petit s, as represented in fig. 1 *. The farm now belongs to Mr. Bowers; and the fpot being very picturefque, having a pleaiant grove adjoining (a Angularity in Thanet), and a bowling-green fkirted with trees and flowers, open to the fea, is now become a kind of public place, as his fon-in- law, Mr. Thomas Staines, allures to it two mornings at leaft in every week, during the feafon, the principal company of Margate and Ramfgate, by adding to its natural beauties a band of mufic from London, and every accommodation for breakfalt and din- ner, heightened by a courteous and obliging behaviour. The South view of this gateway, which has more work in it, parti- cularly feveral layers of cut flints, is in Lewis, and has been fre- quently taken. The North view was alio very neatly drawn, and prefented to the proprietor, in 1782, by George Cumber! and, efq. *of London. * Lewis's Hifioryof the Iile of Thanet, p. 149, 150 CGI [ MS J COLLECTIONS relating to RECULVER and I-IERNE; Extracted from the Records, Rcgiftcrs, Sec, at Lambeth ; Communicated to the Editor by Dr. D u c a r b l. - A ; D « BY a deed executed during the pontificate of Richard arch- il 80. bilhop of Canterbury*, a peniion of twenty pounds a year was fettled on the Hofpitals of St. Nicholas at Harbledown, and St. John's, Northgate, to he paid out of the church of Reculver, by the confent of Hugh the rector, in addition to the yearly fum of 140 pounds before granted by archbifhop Lanfranc, the founder of thole hofpitals, out of his manors of Raculfe and Bodfun t. 12,34. In 1 284, on a complaint from the parifhioners of the chapelry of All Saints, the vicar of Reculver was directed, by archbifhop Peckham, by a deed dated at Aldyngton, v kal. May, to provide a refident prielt to officiate in that chapel. It was at the fame time decreed that the chapels of All Saints and St. Nicholas fhoukj be kept in repair at the joint expence of the whole parifh}.. 1-90. By a charter of king Edward the Firff, dated Dec. 18, in the 19th year of his reign, and reciting letters patent of arch- bifhop Peckham, dated at Otteford, non. Julii 1290, it appears that archbifhop Kilwarby had appropriated the great tithes of Re- culver to the hofpitals abovementioned, by way of exchange for the funis before that time paid to them by preceding archbifhops., * Who had formerly been prior of Dover, and enjoyed, the primacy from 1171 (according tc fome writers) to Feb. 16,11 83 ; or, as others fay, to Feb. 17, 1 184. See Le Neve. f This curious deed is printed in p. 129. X See this decree in p- 130. This 11 E C U L V E II and HERN E. ■ This appropriation being found inconvenient to all parties, the church of Reculver was, by the charter abovementioned, re- ftored to the fee of Canterbury in 1 291 c . In 1296, occurs a decree of archbifhop Winchelfea, dated a* 12 9 6 . Reculvre, 3 id. April, concerning the oblations and alms in a cer- tain cheft near the great ftone crofs between the church and chan- cel at Reculver t. In the fame year the archbifhop's mandate was iffued to the 1:96. commiffary of the church of Reculver, directing what punifh- ment mould be inflicted on perfons convicted of adultery, forni- cation, witchcraft, and other offences J. In 1297, an inqnifition occurs concerning the bounds of the 1297. parifhes of St. Nicholas and All Saints, in the iile of Thanet, and the mother church of Reculver ||. In the fame regifter is a decree about the way or path belong- ing or leading to the chapel of All Saints, in Thanet §. In 1299,-8 id. March, John de Langton, canon of Lincoln, izcg. who had intruded himfelf into the rectory of Reculver, was re- moved by archbifhop Winchelfea #*. In 1 3 10, the vicarage of Reculver was endowed; and alio the 13:0. vicarages of St. Nicholas (with All Saints chapel) and Heme ir. An exemplification of this endowment, dated April 9, 14S1 XU and another, June 17, 1598 ***, occurs in the archiepifcopal re- gifters. Archbifhop Seeker alfo gave an exemplification of it to the late Mr. Rogers, which Mr. Buncombe now has. ■ c :e this decree in p. 131. -J- See this decree in p. 153. J See this order in p. 1 34 . |j Inquihtio fuper finibus parochial?' Sci Nicholai et Omnium Sanctorum crrell' Infulse de Taneto, et matrice eccl' de Reculver dependentiuai. Dat. 2 id. Mart. 1:07. Reg. Winchelfea, 101.240. a. § Ordinatio (Irate pertinentis ad capellam Omnium Sar.cV.rum in Thaneto. Ibid. fol. 193. a. • ' Reg. \\ inchcllea, p. 274. b. ft See this nr, p. 1 J; Exemplificatio ordinationis dictarum trlum vicar 1 per Johannem Parmenta , commiflar' general'. Dat. 9 April. 14.81. Reg. Bourchier, fol. ioo, b. ^ Alia exemplificatio dictce trdinationis per Jotiem Wi.itgiit, Cant' i Dat. 17 Junii, A.D. 1598. Reg. Whitgift, pars 111. fol. 93. a. b. 4 no A N T I Q^U ITIES IN KENT. A.D. 0n t ] ic jy^ f ir c b rU ary 1313, archbifliop Reynolds o'b- Ij ' j ' tamed from Edward II. the grant of' a market-, to beholden every Thurfday throughout the year, at his manor of Re/co/vrei. 1514. In 1314, 12 kal. Julii, Nicholas de Tyngewyck obtained a difpenfation from archbifliop Reynolds for holding the rectory of Reculver, together with that of Calefhull irithe diocefe of Sarum £. 13! 5. In 1 315, a decree of archbimop Reynolds occurs, concerning feme tithes in the parifh of Stourmouth belonging to the rector of Reculver ||. 1325. In 1325, s id. Dec. the fame archbifliop gave full power to Nicholas de Tyngewyck to hear and determine all complaints and offences that came within the archiepifcopal jurifdiction at Reculver and its dependent chapels §. 1332. In 1332, Richard atte Broke granted to Henry de Suthreye and Chriftian his wife one acre of land in the parifh of Heme and burgh of Thorndenne ** ; and in the following year John the fon of Walter atte Broke renounced claim to half the faid acre ft. 1334. In 1334, archbifliop Stratford, by an order dated at Cherrynge a 1 o kal. Nov. decided a dilpute which had arifen between the vicars of Reculver and Heme, on the right of burying the arch- bifhop's tenants in capite, by directing that they fliould in future be buried in the cemetery of the mother-church ||. 1325. In 1335, the lame archbifliop, on a complaint that the pa- rifhioners of Heme had refufed to bear their proportion of the .repairs of the mother-church, enjoined, by a decree dated at Lam- * Two mi flakes may hence be corrected above, in the notes on p. 73. The error was originally occafioned by Philipot's miftaking the name of the archbifliop, which was Walter, not William. He was right in the name of the king, Edw. II. + This charter may be feen at large in p. 138. \ See p. 1 39. || Walteri Reynold, Cant'archiep',ordinatio fuper qnibufdam decimis in parochia de Stourmouth, ad re&orem de Reculver pertinen'. Dat. apud Lambeth, 14 kal. Aprl. 1315. Chartas Mifcellaneffi, inter MSS. Lambeth, vol. VI. N° 66. $ See this commiflion in p. 140. ' ■ Herbaldown Private Deeds, N° 77. tt Ibid. N° 78. £ J See p. '45. beth R E C U L V E R axd il E R N E. Wi befcb on the ides of March, that they ihould in future be punc- tual in their compliance, on pain of excommunication*. This was followed by a iimilar decree, Lambeth, March 15, 1335 t. In 1330, archbiihop Stratford obtained a grant J for a market A.D, and fair at his manor of St. Nicholas, in the ifle of.Thanet; l .Sl 6 - the market to be holden every Monday, and the fair on the morrow of the Nativity of Saint Mary (Sept. 9.) and the follow- ing day. In the fame deed is contained alfo a grant of a market and fair at the archbifhop's manor of Gyllingham in Kent, the market to be on Thurfdays, and the fair on the day of the Inven- tion of the Holy Crofs, and feven following days. In 1338, Walter Bayli granted to Henry, fon of Richard de 1338. Sutherye and his wife, two acres in Thorndenne borough |[. In 1 345, a grant occurs from James Bate to Nicholas de Under- 1345. doune, of one acre and two roods at Gateheye, in Heme §. In 1347-8, on the 16th of March, a licence was granted to 1347-8. archbifhop Stratford ** (who died in the courfe of that year) for appropriating the church of Reculver to the archbifhop's table; and for payment of idol, a year out of the revenues of the fee of Canterbury to the hofpitals of Harbledown and Northgate, notwithstanding the itatute of mortmain, &c. In 1348, king Edward III. confirmed to the above hofpitals ij4S. their annual payment of 1 40 /. in cafe of a vacancy in the fee of Canterbury ; and alfo the payment of a penny a day from the archbifhop's manor of Limengett. In 1356, 0£t. 18, an aflignment was made from Thomas de ^3S 6 - Wiltone to Philip de Northwode of all his lands and tenements at Henneford, in Heme, paying 40 s. to the hofpital of Northgate, and 20 J - , to Harbledown hofpital JJ. * See p. 145. "f See p. 146. % See the charter in p, 140. || Harbledown Private Deeds, N° 79. § Ibid. N Q 80. ** See p. 141. •f-f- Harbledown Charters, N° 18. The manor of Leminge was holden by the archbifhop of Canterbury in demefne at the making of Domtfday Book. XX In 1400 Thomas Sprynget demifed his manor of Henneford to John Barry; and in 141 1 releafcd to James Twitham all claim in that manor ; and in ten acre , fix of them at Hare's in Childe, two at William's at Halkes, and two at Statcs- londe ; all purchafed of Philip Nonhwode. Northgate Private Deeds, N° 145% &c. T In 122 A N T I QJJ ITIES IN KENT. A.D. In 1357, Ifolda, widow of Henry de Frokyngove, granted to I3 57- John Sewale two pieces of land at Frokyngove in Heme, contain- ing two acres *. 5359. In 1359, John Sewale of Heme granted to Ifolda Southerye one verft in Heme f ; and Gedeline, the wife of John Sewale, renounced claim to the laid land J. Thomas Sewale made a like quit claim||. In the fame year, John Sewale granted two lhillings a year to Harbledovvn holpital, out of the fame land §. 1361. In 1 36 1, a grant of John Arynburg, fenior, and others, con- cerning one quarter of barley iffuing out of a grange, one liable, and 1 2 acres of land, at Weftbrooke. Dated at Heme, 5 Sept. 35 Edw. ill.;**. 336-1. In 1 364, Salamon Butt granted to William atte Welle and others three acres of land in Reculvcr, April 18, 38 Edw. III. which were the fame day re-conveyed to feoffees ft; who fettled them again on Salamon Butt, June 1 2, for the yearly rent of u one feam " of barley," unius famine ordei \%. 1368. In 1368, a commiffion of penance was given to the vicar cf Reculver, like that recited from archbilhop Winchelfey's reginer, p. 134; but to remain in force for one year only |||[. 1379. In 1379, Nov. t, Thomas Bargrave and others demifed to Ri- chard and John Lucas one acre in Heme, for their natural lives §§. 1389. In 1389, an exemplification was made of certain deeds relating to the church of Reculver ***. 1395. In 1395? Robert Baker renewed the grant of a quarter of bar- ley +++, which in 1399 was re leafed by Dionyfius atte Stone $JJ ; and in 1401 was again granted by J. Prowde and J. Chirchc||||||. * Harbledown Private Deeds, N° 81. | Ibid - N ° 82 - '•!' Ibid « N ° 8 3« i|lbid.N°84. §Ibic?. N°S5. ** Ibid. N°86. tt See p. 143. XX See p. 14.3. Hil Item fafta tuit commiffio pcenitentiar' vicar' de Rccolvre pro parochianis fiais, dat' apud Heggedon, non' Marcii, 1368, per ann' tantummodo duratur'. Reg.. Wit- tkfey, fob 4. b. §§ Northgate Hofpital Private Deeds, p. 146. *** See this exemplification at large, p. 142. ttt Harbledown Private Deeds, N° 87. $JJ Ibid. |||||| Ibid.N? 88. In R E C U L V E R an'd HERN E. , I23 In 141 5, June r 5, Henry Gate was collated to the Hermitage A.D. of Reculver #. '415. In 1445, archbifhop Stafford granted to his faithful feryaht John 1445. Pawlyn fix acres of land in Billing 4.. In 14.^2, Oct. 29, Matthew Phelip, alderman of London J, 1452. afiigned to Henry Harder fix acres near the rectory at Heme, for the ufe of Northgate hofpital ||. In 1 46 1, Hugh Cherlton, clerk, and William atte See, I4 6i. gave to the two holpitals one acre in Heme, called Goldland, late Robert Byfmer's §. In 1466, Oct. 14, a leafe was granted from the hofpital of 1456. Northgate to Robert Hunt, of Hothe, in Reculver, of two acres and three roods, called Brotherynlond, for ten years ; rent 3 s. \d. •—■ In 1477, William Taylore, otherwife Paramour, and others, I4 - granted to Richard Dererd two acres of land in Thornden bo- rough in Heme ++ ; which Dererd afterwards granted to Harble- down hofpital J|. In 1492, a grant of James Chirche to Harbledown hofpital of 1492. fixteen pence a year at Le Platts in the burgh of Strode, and pa- rifh of Heme |||| ; and another grant from the fame Chirche of eight pence a year out of a meffuage and three acres of land in Strode burgh at Heme §§ ; and alfo of eight pence a year and two acres and a half at Stockgrove in Thornden in Heme ***. In 1528, an agreement between Thomas Nightingale, vicar of r - 2 g # the parifh and mother-church of Reculver, John Coke and John Cobbe, churchwardens of the faid church, and Henry Holande, "^ 15 Junii, 1 4 1 5, apud London' Dns contulit Henrico Gate ad hermitagium de Reculver, vacant', w. dicitur, et ad fuam collationem plenojure fpefiant'. Reg. Chicheley, fol. 64. b. t See p. 1 53. % Afterwards lord mayor. See his wife's epitaph in p. 106, || Northgate Hofpital Private Deeds, N° 153. § Ibid. N° 156. ** Ibid. N° 162. ft Harbledown Private Deeds, N° 89. fj Ibid. Ibid. N° 92. §Ubid.N?93. ***Ibid.N°94. T 2 vicar i2 4 A N T I Q_U I T I E S IN KENT. vicar of St. Nicholas in Thanet, and John Everard and Robert Abraham, chapel- wardens and inhabitants of that parifh, before archbifhop Warham, concerning the repairs of the laid mother- A.T). church*. 15^9. In 1589, a decree of archbifhop Whitgift concerning the laid composition, dated 31 Aug. 1589+. 1632. in 1632, April 2, John Welby, junior, afhgned to the hofpital at Northgate two acres and a half of arable in Haweburgh, and a tenement, garden, and two acres adjoining, at Childforftal, alias Herft, near the common in Heme, for 60/. J 1637. Letter to archbifhop Laud, from the lords of the council, requiring him to proceed with all expedition in a caufe depend- ing before him, between the inhabitants of Reculver and thofe of the chapelries cf St. Nicholas and Heme, touching the repair of the church and iteeple of Reculver ; dated from White- hall, the laft day of December, 1637 j|. A lift of the rectors and vicars of Reculver, from the archi- epifcopal regilters, may be fecn in p. 154 — 156; and of the chantry prieits there, p. 157, 158. The vicars of Herne will be found in p. 159, 160. * Compofuio inter Tho' Nightingale, vicar' eccl' parocli' et matricis ce Reculver, Joh' Cocke & Jo' Cobbe, economos, live bcnorum cuflocies, eccl' predict', et mag r Hen' Holarde, vicar' capella? Sci Nicholai in Thanet, et Joh' Everard et Rob' Abra- ham, ec.onomo?, five bonorum cufiodes, ejufdem capelbc, & rjarochianor.' inhabitant', coram ctno Will' (Warham) Cant' archiep', de annua folutione in s. rmcT. et firper confeaione et reparatione dicte matricis eccl'. Dat' apud Cant', 24. Aug' 1528. Reg. V\ hitgift, pars 1. fol. 257. a. b. f Ibid, fol 261. £ This purchafe was probably with a fine paid by the couritefs of Winchel fen, in confcquence of an agreement made (by allowance of archbiihop Abbot) between her ladylhip and the prior and brethren, after a verdict given at a trial in the Guild- hall, Canterbury, in 1626, in favour of the counrefs; who engaged to pay annually ijj. 4m the above letters arc adtlrefled, nor have they any date ; bu 1 ve been between 1G95 and 1716, the time of Mr. Green's incumbency. Seep. 156. n6 A N T 1 Q_U I T I E S IN KENT. " archiepifcopali Cant';" and that the archbifhop flioukl appoint a congruous por- tion for the vicar to be there maintained, with this provifo, " Quod ecctia parochia- " lis & ca;:vlLe proediclas debi'.is obfequiis non frauderentur, & quod in eis cultus " di.vinus & confuetus miniftrorum numerus uon miimerentur.'' In the (late the i id Clement put the church of Reculver it continues to this day. The archbifhop collates. It is endowed with a vicarage-houfe, and about three ac-es of glebe; one acre of which is marfh land. It is alfo endowed with all fmail tithes, and the great tithes of all land lying within the walls that environ the church and the fite of the monaftery *, which I compute to be about eleven or twelve acres. It has alfo an augmentation granted of twenty pounds a year, paid out of the par- fonage of Heme, Reculver, and Hoath, in the hands of Samuel Miiles, Efq paid half yearly ; ten pounds at Lady-day, and the like fum of ten pounds at Michael- mas. Heme pays aunnally a penfion of forty {hillings, the one half at Lady-day, the other at Michaelmas. The parifh of St. Nichola?, with the chapelry of All Saints (now dilapidated) thereto annexed, pays to the vicar of Reculver yearly the fum of three pounds ; and this penfon is paid alfo half yearly at Lady-day and Michaelmas. I rauft not forget alfo to add, that, when the faid vicarages were or- dained, there were certain penfiohs ordained yearly to be paid by the pariihes of Kerne and St. Nicholas, towards the keeping of the mother church of Reculver in repair. Heme pays annually the fum of five fhillings, and St. Nicholas the annua! fum of three fhillings and four pence. Thefe fums the parifhes aforefaid are obliged topay on Monday in Whitfun-week ; and for default or nonpayment of the laid fums upon the faid day, they are liable to be equally rated and affefled with the parifhioners of Reculver and Hoath, towards the repairs of the faid church. About threefcore years ago the parifhes aforelaid neglected or refufed to pay the laid penfion s; whereupon the churchwardens of the parifh of Reculver made an equal afTeffment upon all the lands in Heme, St. Nicholas, and Reculver, towards repairing the faid church; which affeffments, as appears by the church books now extant, were punctually paid by the faid parifhes for three years together (fo long, I prefume, the fuit betwixt the parifh of Reculver and the parifhes of Heme and St.Nicholaslafled); but afterwards they complied topay the penfions, and fo have done (as they have good reafon) ever fince. The fuit was managed, on the part of Re- culver, by one Mr. Cobb of Bifhopfton in Reculver, one of whofe anceftors was Ycrk herald at arms, and lies buried in the chancel of Reculver f. I think myfelf obliged in gratitude to mention this gentleman's name ; becaufe it is in a great meafure owing to his indefatigable care and application in fearching records and managing this fuit, that thefe penfions were not then loft. And here I cannot well forget the piety of John Hills, a farmer, who lived at Brooke in the parifh of Re- culver, partly to preferve his memory, and partly to provoke others of ability to * Agreeably to the original endowment. See p. 137. ■j- See h'» epitaph, p. 73. — He married a Cobb, of this county, and feerns to have been the man who made the remarks on Camden's Britannia ; which poffibly he did out of fpite and re- venge, becaufe he miffed the place of Clarencieux. The author of Camden's Life faith, this man's name was in reality Brookfmouth, but that he contracted it to Brook, becaufe he thought it founded I etLer. D r , Harris. follow R E C U L V E R. 127 follow his example. This good man, befides rhree pounds a year and upwards' which he gave to the labourers of Reculver for ever, gave to the church a large Bible and a pulpit cloth, a large lilver flaggon, chalice, and faker, for the com- munion lervice, and a very fine damaflc table-cloth to fpread upon the altar. The church of Reculver is lofty and well built ; it has two (leeples in front, in one of whichhang four bells; thefe ileeples were bnilr, if we believe the tradition of the place, by two fillers; and, as appears by all the fea charts I have feen, are of great ufe in carrying flups over the flats, to and from London. The chancel is large and lofty ; it has two ilately pillars to fupport its entrance, and a curious afcent to the altar; fo that it is exceeded by few in Kent. 1 could fend you the infcriptions that are in the church, if I thought them neceffary ; and you may command them at any time by letter. I have given you the bed account of my church and chapel I am able; and am, Sir, Your very humble fervanr, F. Green. My church, by the ill neighbourhood of the fea, and being too indulgent a mo- ther, in giving large portions to her two daughters Heme and St. Nicholas, is now left the poorell of the three. LETTER II. THE chapel of Hoath, alias Hoth, annexed to the vicarage ofPveculrer, was dedicated " in honorem gloriofas virginis Maria? genetricis Dei & fuse cru- " cis vivifies ;" and the feaft of its dedication was yearly celebrated on the 19th day of December. The chapel is diftant from Reculver about four miles ; and fo pro- bably was built at the charge of the inhabitants, to fave themfelves the trouble of going to the mother-church to hear divine offices. The chapel is very ancient ; built, when Reculver was a reclorv, long before the Reformation, in the year 13^3. Bo- niface VIII. in a faculty which he granted concerning the faiJ chapel of Hoath, after he had therein recited that he was informed by fome of the parilhioners that many of them dwelt three miles, or thereabouts, from the church of Reculver, and that in the winter-time thev could hardly bring their dead bodies to that churrb^ and that the chapel of Hoath was canonically founded within the parifli, " &c ami " fontibus baptifmalibus erecla in qua," they heard divine fervice and received the holy facrament, " per facerdotes ad haec per reclorem di&se ecclefiae deputandos," did, upon their petition, give leave that they might make and have a church-yard near that chapel to bury their dead in. In the year 1410, Archbilhop Arundel dedicated this chapel, and granted " fepulturam" there ; and ordered that the vicar of Reculver fhould not by that ordinance be prejudiced in the oblations or ofl rights to him due or accutlomed : " nee ipfum vicarium ad capellani alicujus in- " ventionem, feu ail aliqua alia onera in eadem capella ultra folituin ailringi " nolumus vel teneri." He and the then inhabitants there bound themfelves, with their fucceffbrs, to obey thefe ordinances. In the year 1360, one Thomas N«we*j being vicar of Reculver, for the perpetual difcharge of himieh and fuccef- * In 1354 he wis rector of Aldington, and is defcribed in Abp. Iflip's regifter (iee p. r 57) as- " Atdum vicar' eccl' paroch' de Raculvre." In 1371 he occurs iu Abp. Wittlefey's registers (fee p. 157) is " reft' eccl' de Godmerfliara." fbrs iiS A N T I QJJ I T I E S IN KENT. ibrs from officiating in the cure of Hoath, and for fumifhing the burghers with a con- stant and reiident prieft, tonttend tbem at all needs, founded in Hoath chapel a perpe- tual chauntry to be ferved by a redding prieft; who, belides the duty of the ehaun- trv, fhould officiate in the cure there; whichchauntry wasendowed with competency©!* means, and the prieft accommodated with a houl'e and glebe. From the founda- tion of the chauntry till the diflblution, the cure ol Hoath became duly ferved " in divinis" by the chauntry-prieft thereof; the vicar of Reculver in the interim being quit of all care thereof, or attendance thereon. Since the diflblution of the chauntry, frequent difputes have happened between the burghers of Hoath and the vicars of Reculver-, the vicars often neglecting the cure of Hoath for fome years together; holding and pleading themfelves acquitted of the cure by that ancient provifion made touching the fame by Newe, their predeceffor : and this their plea was allowed by the viiitors in Queen Mary's days, and by Archbifhop Abbot in his time, after a fuit between the burghers of Hoath and cue Mr. Barnabas Knell *, vicar of Reculver ; which depended fome years. r lhe chauntry-houfe and lands may be eafily traced. CKiery, Whether there be no way to recover the revenues of the chauntry, and to revive the chapel therewith ? And whether the ftatute 37 Henry VIII. could reach or rightly feize the fame ; in regard they were not given principally to a fuperftitious end, but towards the maintaining of divine fervice ? There is a penfipn of 40 s. paid by Ford, a feat of the Archbifhops of Canter- bury, demolilhed in the late unhappy times of rebellion. Its patron and tithes the fame with Reculver; they do not amount to 14!. a year. * 'Who became vicar in 1602. See p. 155. Among the Private Deeds of Harbledown Hofpital, Nos. 6$, 66, and 67, are terriers ; in which occur, De terra de Reycolfcr, Robert Clay folvit ims. p an. & John Littelle us. Alfo Solomon Hachard and Thomas his brother us. The land in Reculv of Sand' Hallet to pittance m s. iv 3. Ifolda wife of Henry Southereye 11 s. out of a croft called Brokesfeld in Heme. The land of John a Churche in Heme to pittance 111 s. The lands in Heme to pittance xxn s. net. Harbledown Hofpital receives at prefent, from 50 acres rented in Heme by Mr. Tucker (one third of the rent) 4 J* l 1^" 4 ^« And from fome other lands in that parifli 10 Nortlgafe Hofpital receives, from lands there called Cbildforftal, 2 From the 50 acres rented by Mr. Tucker (two thirds of the rent) 9 From 28 acres and a half, Mr. Hubbard's, 6 From 1 acre and a half, Mr. Pembroke's, o From 3 acres and three quarters in Reculver, 1 From Brotherhood clofe, in Hode y o CHARTERS 10 6 8 1 1 10 15 10 I 129 3 CHARTERS and other RECORDS relating to Reculver and H e r n e. Charta Ricardi Archiepi Cant'. Dat' inter A. D. 1171 8c 1184. (In dorfo.) Donatio xx librarum ex ecciia de Reculver ultra cxl ll. prius conceP." ex maneriis de Raculfe Sc Boctun. From the Charters of Harbiedown Hofpital. An old copy of this charter begins, " Copia fcripta ex Iibro antique de Ilecoi- " vere, qui quidem liber dicitur Textus quifitus p f res de Northgate." I C Dei gra Cant' archiep' 1 , tocius Anglie primas, unnfis see mris ecclie fi- liis ad quos littere ifte pvenerinf, etnam in Diio fait'. Res g:fta fcpto s ; ordinarunt vice noftra, decreverunt, & etiam pronunciarunt juxta tenorem inquifi ionis fupradicle, quod vicarius de Racolvre qui pro tempore fuerit fuis propriis lumiibns inveniet 'unumpresbiterum in di'&a capella Omnium Sanctorum, matuttflas, vefperas, ac alias boras canonicas celebrantem, &: in eadcm parochia aflidue pern vtaiuem, ipfius loci parochianis, prout in inqtiifitione eadcm plenius continetur, ecclefiaftica facramenta &c facramentarra preftiturum. Decreventes inftiper ut quociens altera capellarum Omnium Sanctorum & SancVi Nicbolai predict' reparacibne indigeat in futurum, utriufque parochiam ad rcparacionem hujus pro rata porcionis contribuant in pcr- petuum, & quod tarn vicarius de Racolvre quam eciam parochiani fupradicli ad pre- miila in pofterum facienda Sc etiam bbfervanda per quemiibet loci ordinarium per bus v ! tribus parochianis diete ecclefie fibi affiftentibus ii voluerint, obven- FtQjies colligant autediclas, & eas ftatim in prefato trunco rcponant, nulla fuafione aut folicitacione ipfo die vel diebus aliis quibufcunque modis facia aut etiam procurata per que oblatioDes ad magnum alrare ex voluntaria devotione vel de con- ftietudine ut fuperurs tangituf faciende aliqualiter fubtrahantur, minuantur, auc in dicio trunco ponantur. Nee aliquis vel aliqua de parochianis dicle ecclefie ab oh— 1 Archbifliop WineheHey. la- i^4 A N T I C^U I T I E S IN KENT. l.iwonibu; conluetis ea ratione fe fubtrahant, aut oblationes ipfas in di&o tranco • : . , fub pcna excommunicationis majoris, quam ipfofafto contra premiffa vel eorurn aiiquod venientes incurrunt, tanquam juris ecclefie notorii often lores. Cum veto dictum truncum aperiti contigerit, pecunia in eociem exhtens per vifum vicarii Js: aliquorum par ichianorutn exinde recepta, cujus quantifas in aliquo memoriali fc ih:!tur, ad didas fabricam ec refecYionum defectum, & non aliis ufibus, per duos parochianos elecT:os per totam parodhiam, & defidelitate juratos, per vifum vicarii appiicctur, fc polt modum tempore competenti faltem femel in anno in ipfius vica- riis & aliquorum parochianorum prefentia ad id per parochianos deputatos fide- lis computus exinde reddatur ut fit factum parochianorum quoad id per vicarium teftificari valeat & videri. Dietus vero vicarius & ceteri miniftri ecclefie de pecu- nia eadeiu in aliqua curialitate refpiciantur prout parochianis videbitur opportunum. In'nibemus eciam, fub pcna excois predicte,nequis contra nofiram ordinationem premif- lam in quocunque iui articuloquicquam facere feu clam vel palam procurare prefumat, nee obventiones premitlas aliquo modo colligere, leu in alios ufus quam fupra tan- guntur committere, quoquo modo. De legatis quoque, reiictis, & ceteris bonis qua- curaque devotione coliatis ad luminare, videlicet, ad fuftinendum feptem cereos in cancello ecclefie fupradicte, de quibus fimiliter inter eofdem vicarium & parochianos erat conten'io ; taliter ordinamus ut duo parochiani ejufdem ecclefie, per communi- tatem ceterorum comparochianorum elecli & ad fubferiptajurati, prefatas obventio- nes ad luminare hujus colligentes per; vifum vicarii, prenotati recipiant; & ipfura luminare exinde fuftineant. Ac e'.iam computum de fie receptis 8c erogatis femel ia anno fimiliter reddant, ut fupefius eft exprcllum. Idem etiam vicarius vi cereos & ciuos proceffienales fumptibus fuis fuftineat in cancello. Parochiani vero, ut fupe- rius tangitur, eligendi coram commiffario recroris ecclefie fupradicle, aut dicto vie irio, ac etiam in aliquorum comparochianorum prelentia, de fideliter ac diligenter facien- do premiffa, juramentum innovent omni anno. Aft' & dat' apud Reculvre tic idus April-is, anno Dni mc.c nonagefimo fexco, & confecrationis noftre fecundo. Commiffario Rectoris Ecclefie de Raculvre ut fuper diverfis criminibus & exceffibus dirlamati & convifti Poenitentias fubeant que fibi per Archiepifcopum & fuos Com- mifiarios fuerunt indicte. 1296. From the Regifters of Archbifhop Winchelfey, fol. 189. b. ROBE RT US permiffione, Sec. Dilefto filio commiffario reftoris ecclefie de Reculvre & perpetuo vicario loci ejufdem falutem, gratiam, & benediclionem. Quia nuper in noftra ibidem vifitatione plures comperimus fuper diverfis criminibus & exceffibus diffamatos, quorum aliquibus ut convictis certe pcenitemie per noftros commif- R E C U L V E R. M eommiflarios funt indi&e, & de aliis eft plenius inquirendum, vohis cum cohercio- ais poteftatem cdmmittimus & mandamus in virtute obediencic, Srfub pena excois majoris firmirer mjurigentes, quatenus orr.ncs illos quibus paenltentie taliter indici rur per fufpentiohis & majoris cxcbis fentehHas in perfonas eorum dc die in diem ii in hac parte rebel les extiterint, tit ipfas pcenftentias fubeant premifla monitione canonica compellatis, quorum nomina & pcenitentie Fepedidre in quadam cedula fi- gillo noftro fignata quain vohis tranfimittiraus plenius continentar. De aliis vero Hi alia cedula vobis fub eodem figillo tranfmifla contentis volumus & mandamus ut s peribnaliter coram vobis citatis fti IMoton, & Sim >ni Godhayt, feoffatis, ad ufum prions, fratrum & foror' hofpitalis Sci Nichotai de Her- baldown tres acras te re mee cum pcrtin' in parochia de Recuiver apud Sperkyn in campo vocato Brovvnyngefton inter terram heredum Willi Lowe verfus eaft & ter- rain Thome Du.fi 1 verfus fouth & weft & terram Jacobi Lapyn verfus north, ha> bend' Sc tenend' predicts tres acras terre cum. fuis pertinen' prefatis Wilto, Wilto, Roberto, Ricardo Jotii, & Simoni, modo 8c forma predict' hered' & affign-' libere, quiete, bene,, 8c in pace imperpet' de capit' d'no feod' per fervicia inde debita S: de jure confueta. In cujus rei 8rc. Dat' apud Recuiver i3 April', an' regni reg' Edwardi Tertii 38. Hiis teftibus, T.ioma Dunfton, Hamone Hyck, Thoma Berwoldyng, Wilto Chepman, Johe Sely, Thorn' Symeon, Jolie de Eftwyk c!e- rico, 8c aliis. Carta indentata predi&is feoffatis concedens predi&as 111 acras terre predict' Sola- mon But tub annuo redditu unius Summe Ordii, 1357. From the fame Deeds. 'EC indentura teftatur quod Wilts atte Welle caplls, Wilts Chilham, Robtus Bernard, Ricus Lorkyn, Johes Motoun, 8c Simon Godhayt, dederunt 8r hac pre fenti carta fua indentata conrirmaverunt Salamoni But tres acras terre cum pertin' fuis jacent' in poch' de Reeolvre apud Sperkyn in uno campo vocat' Broun- yngefton. Habend' prefato Salamoni heiedibus h affign' fuis imperpetuum, red- dend' inde annuatim prefatis Wilto atte Welle, 8cc. heredibus & affign' fuis, unam fumraatn A N T I CLU I T I E S IN" K bis cum cohercionis canonice poteftate commitimus vices firas, etquod faceriri?. ac ipfi facere duxeritis in premifiis, cum per partem refloris feu cuftodum difte ecclie de Reculvre fueritis requifiti, certificetis perlitreras vras. patentes harum feriem con- tinentes. Dat' apud Lambeth, id' Martii, ann' Dili 1335, et fire tranflationis ana* tertio." 4. In Dei nomine, amen. Cum in vifitatione Cant' dioc' per nos Johannem per- miliione divina Cant' archiepum totius Anglian primatem et apiice fedis legatum actualiier nuper facia, pochiani ecclie pochiajis de Reculvre fire dioc' antedicre ha- meletum feu viiiam de Heine inhabitantes, una cum aliis dide pochianis fabrice cjufdem reparatione neceffaria indegentis contribuere dcneganres, ac in termino eifdem ad proponendum canonicum fi quod haberent quare fie contribuere nort deberent peremptorie ailignato nihil in ea parte effec'tuale feu canonicum proponen- ts ad contribnend' juxta fufficientiam eorundem ex tunc conftrucYioni & reparationi eccleiie fupradicte una cum aliis parochiis ejuklcm quotiens opus fuerit ex decreto firi in ea parte commiifarii fuiflenr legitime condemnati,.que condemnatio & decretum. in authoritatem rei tranllerant judicate, tandem iidem parochiani poll proceflus vari- os fuper executione condemnationis & decreti predictor' authoritate fira fact' co- r-am firo vicario (nobis tunc in remotis agentibus) in fpiritualibus generali fufficienter poftea comparentes de ftando alte h baffe ordinationi fire ram fuper contributione hu'jufmodi facienda quam pro variis inobedjentiU fuis & contemptibus in hac parte radiis ficrofanctis evangeliis corporaliter juraverunt & (e ad hoc faciendum fpente Sc limpliciter fubmifferunt. Nos fiquidem Johannes archiepus fupradiclus, pondera- tis undique ponderandis, taliter ordinamus quod dicti parochiani apud Heme ut pre- nuttitur inhabitantes diftis condemnation! & decreto pareant cum effeclu, ac con- itruftioni & reparationi & aliis dicle ecclefie necellitatibus una cum ceteris parochi- ;nis ejufdem ficut &: illi juxta fufficientiam perfonarum & qtiantitatem facultatum fuarum futuris contribuant temporibus quotiens opus erit & eos ad hoc faciendum per cenfuras ecclefiafticas decernimus fore canonice compellendos, refervantes nobis punitionem dictorum parochianorum pro ipforum contumaciis, inobedientiis, & con- temptibus fupradictis. In quorum omnium reft imoni urn figilluin lirum feci m us hiis ap- poiii. Dat' apud Lambeth, 15 die Martii, A. D. 1335. 5. Confirmatio fententie fuprafcripte, dat' apud Cherryng, 16 kal' Nov', A. D. 1 3 34, fuper fepuhura tenendum ctni in capite apud Heme decendentium, per dfim Johannemde Stratford Cant' archiep'. Dat' apud Lambeth, 9 die Feb', A. D; 6. Joins Stratford Cant' archiepi mandatum fuper executione fententie olim la- te pro vicario de Reculvre contra vicar' de Heme fuper oblationibus datis & miflis in funcribus tenentium capital' ctni archiepi apud Heme deceJentium celebratis. Dat' apud C.mtuar', 15 kal' Mail, A. D. 1341. 7. Compofitio facta inter parochianos eccj' de Reculvre & parochianos eccl' de Heme, Sti Nicholai, & Omnium Sandlor', fuper reparationibus eccl' de Reculvre. Memorandum qnod inter nos parochianos ecclie de Reculvre Cant' dioc' ex par- te una,, parochianos ecclefiar' feu capeilar' de Heme & Sanfti Nicholai Si Omnium 3 Sane- RECULVER. I47 Sanctorum ab eadem ecclia de Reculvre dependentium, fupra quota feu quantitate & n-.odo contributionis faciend' conftruclioni & reparationi ipfius ecctie de Keculvtc & aliis neceflitadbus ejufdem per dittos parochianos de Heme, Sancli Nieholal, & Omnium Sanfrorum, ad quam contributionem (ut premittitur) faciendam per com- mifTarium ven' patris ctni Johannis Dei gfa Cant' archiepi totius Anglic primatis nuper fuerant rite & legitime condemnati, mota fuiflent dilcordia et materia quefti- onis, tandem comparentibus coram nobis Thoma de Cantuar' commiffario Cant' generali in eccF Chrifti Cant', 6 Idus Junii, anno Domini 1^6, omnibus pa- rochianis de Reculvre, Heme, Sancu Nicolai, et Omnium Sanctorum predict' pro bono pacis et concordie inter eofdem in premiflis habendo, per nos commiffariura predict' de ipibrum authoritate et expreffo confenfu ita extitit ordinatum, quod fin- guli oboli de fingulis acris terrarum parochianorum omnium predidtorum infra diclas parochias exiftendum folverentur, colligerentur, &c expendantur hac vice inre- parationem didte ecctie de Reculvre neceflario faciend', et quod fex viri fide digni ele&i et nominati per parochianos predict', videlicet, Johes Love et Jolies Hugelot de parochia de Reculvre per parochianos ejufdem, Jolies de Hehvoldynge et (obis Ba- ker de parochia de Heme per parochianos ejufdem, Joiies Leneye et Jolies Strodere de parochia Sandli Nicholai & Omnium Sanctorum per parochianos ejufdem, eque, fideliter, et jufte taxarent quemlibet parochianum de Reculvre, Heme, Saadti Ni- colai, et Omnium Sanctorum, juxta quantitatem terrarum fuarum in ejufdem pa- rochiis exiflentiurn et numerum acrarum eorundem de fingulis obolis fupradiebs, et pecuniam juxta taxacionem hujufmodi quemlibet concernentem ab eifdem exigerent levarent et colligerenr, ac cuilodibus operis ecctie de Reculvre predict', vidtt, Johi Sewale et Simoni Love plene et integraliter folverent in reparatiouem ejufdem ne- ceflTariam per didtos cu (lodes fideliter et utiliter convertendam ; diitique cuilodes pe- cuniam hujufmodi per ipfas receptam periculo eorum cuftodirent, et prout opus erit in reparationem ejuidem ecclie fideliter expenderent, et fidelem computum inde red- derent omnibus quorum interefl cum fuper hoc effent congrue requifiti ; ad quod bene et fideliter faciend' tarn difti fex viri per diclos parochianos ut premittitur elccli feu nominati quam cuilodes operis antedidti quatenus ad ipfos pertinet juramentum ad fancta Dei evangelia per ipfos tadta corporaliter prelliterunt. In cujus rei tefti- monium figillum officii nri prefentibus appofuimus. Dat' Cantuar', 4 kai* Julii, anno fupradiclo. 8. Inflrumentum cominens libellum et fententiam per commifTarium Cant' latam pro vicario de Reculvre contra vicario de Heme fuper fepultura tenendum capitalis dni archiepi in Heme infra eccl' paroch' de Reculvre decendentium, et inhibitionem commilfarii predidli contra vicarium de Heme ne corpora predict' tenentium in eccl' de Heme fepelientur in future ; necnon compolitionem fadrarp inter vicarios de Reculvre et Heme fuper miffis pro animis defunctor' celebrandis, viz. quod vicar' de Reculvre oblationes ad primam miffam, et vicar' de Heme oblationes ad fecundam miffam, recipkt. Dat' in eccl' Chrifti Cant', 4 die Mart', A. D. 1356. y. Mandatum auditoris caufarum prions et capit' eccl' Chrilli Cant' (fede Cant* vacante) contra vicar' dellcrne, ct condempnatio ejufdem ad folvend' vicario de Re- culvre iv foi' ab eo receptis pro celebratione mitfe cemporis fepulture Phil' And- Y 2 in A N T I C^U I T I E S IN KENT. -, cemiterio de Heme dum vixit capital' tenent' ctni archiepi ; et monitio eidem facia fuper obfervatione fententie o'.im per dfim Ricardum Cant' avchiep' late contra vicar' de Heme olim in premiffis delinquent'. Dat' Cant', 2 id' Jan' A. D. 1333 = Conclufio predicle Exemplificationis. Nos vero Robertas commiffarius Cant' fup.radidtus attendentes hujufmodi fuppli- cationem confonam fore juri litteras predictas pro parte dicli viearii, in notarioium p'ablicorum et tedium fubfcriptorum prefentia, ut premittitur, publice et judicialiter pcefentatas, reccpimus, infpeximus, vidimus, perlegique et examinari fecimus dili- genter. Et quia litteras hujufmodi reperimus in ea parte fanas, integras, ac omni vitio et fufpicione carentes, eas per difcretos viros magiftrum Joliem Bedell conlif- torii Cantuarieniis regiftrariurn, et Ricardum Water dicli confiilorii procuratorem,. cleiicos Cantuar' dioc' r.otarioique publicos infrafcriptos tranferibi et copiari man- davimus, et eas fie tranferiptas et copiatas in prefenti publico infhumento de ipfis tranferiptis fideliter in nra et diftorum notariorum et tcftium fubfcriptorum prefentia legi et collationem fieri, dietafqne litteras publicari fecimus ac etiam publici juris forma, et deroum quia prefentes litteras fie tranferiptas litteris. originalibus invenimus concordare, decernimus quantum in nobis eit tranferipto quod eildem litteris originalibus tarn in judicio quam extra, etiam ubique, fidem plenam et indubiam fore adhibend'. In quorum omnium et fingulorum fidem et teftimonium preientes litteras publicum inflrumentum per prefatos no- tarios fcribi et publicari mandavimus, et figillo officii Sri appofttione communiri.. Dat' et aft' Cantuar' tertio die menus Decembris, fub anno 1389. Indiclione 13 pontificatus fancliffimi in Chrifto patris et Domini Domini Urbani divina provi- dentia pape anno 1 2. Hec Exemplificatio, cum figillo valde obliterato, hodie (A. D. 1756) remanet penes dec' & capit' Cantuar'*. Order of Abp. Iftip, 8 Id. Feb. 1355, directing that clx li. p an', due from Ac Archbifhoprick 10 the Hofpitals of Harbledoun and Northgate, fhould be paid tor the future out of the church of Reculver. From the Harblcdown Charters. OMNIBUS pfentes iras vifuris Simon pmiffione divina Cantuar* archiemis, tocius AngP primas & aplice fedis legatus, falutem in AucTore falutis : Nove- rit univerfitas vfa qd cum pauperes hofpitalium de Herbaldoun & de Northgate, tu ar' dioc*, fuper & de elemofina Cant' archiepor' fundator', ab olim neenon ab * See Somner'a Treatife of the Roman Terts and Fort?, p. 84, in edit. Oxon. 1693. orarii 11 E C U L V E R. M9 omni tempore & prefertim cujus contrarii memoria hoi'um non exiftir, de elemofina archiepor' Cant' qui fucniiu centum 5c quadraginta libr', necnonde eccliade Rectilvre jam menfe arehiepali auc're aptica novit' unita fie rectoribus ejufdem, viginti libc' ftirlingor', tarn r p luftentationc fiu fie alior' intirmor' ad ipfa hofpitalia confluencium quam aliis fibi incumbentibus oueribus comodius fuppnrtaod' continue pcepiffent : Principes infuper excellentifiimi reges Angl' onus plh.cois diftar' centum & qivadra- ginta libr' quotiens fie quaiuio fedes archiepales vacatTet, fie temporalia diet. .1' ar- chiepor' ea occafione ieu alias in ibis manibus jure regio extttiffent pro temporibus- quibus temporalia hujuique tenuerant agnoviffent, fie eafdem ceatuon & quadi libr' ,p rata terminorum in eifdem vacacoibus feu temporibus quibus in eorum mani- bus temporalia predicta extiterint qualicumque currentium infuper perfolviffent, ab omni tempore lupradicto : Bone tamen memoiie diis Jolines dc Siretford nr pde- deceflor, conlpiciens dittos pauperes fupradiclas pflacbibus nullam ( pbacb'em aliam quam poffefhonem pdei temporis habuifle, que eis diverfa afferebant incommoda dum fingli archiepi in fiiis creacionum principiis pro fuis confeientiis ferenand' ,pba- coes de antiqi. is temporibus exigebant; que fine magno ipforum pauperum incom- modo pY expenfas non modicas nequiverant expedire : Quodque contingencium vaca- eionum temporibus quandoque immo pcrebius r p captanda folucoe predicte fumme centum fie quadraginta libr' ipfius ptem magnam fie notabjlem expendebant : Et quod magilter Thomas de Allele, ultimus reftor pdee ecclic, quibufdam qnefitis co- loribus fuper pflacione dcarum viginti libr' moleftacoes varias eilde r. pauperibus intuliffet : Volens pietatis intuitu di£tis pauperibus utSius fie utilius f p!picere, & de pfatis fummis fecuritatem facere per quam poflent uno quiccius famulari ; fie ne a quoquam fucceffbrum fuorum impostum de eildem po.Tit quicquam in dubium revo- cari, pdcam eecfiam de Reculvre, ut de fructibus ejufdem imperpetuum folverenr, fumme memorate, tarn ad exoneracionem archieporum Cam' fede ipfa plena, quam nobilium regum Angler' fuccedentibus vacacionum hujus temporibus, in recompen- facionem confenfus regii in appropriacione pdicla fie fub eadun condicione adhi- bit! fibi & menfe fue arehiepali in perpetuum aucte aplica appropriari optinuir, fie univit. Set idem pat' revendus ante flnalem expedicionem fecuritatis hujus ficut Duo placuit ab hac luce migravit. Nos vero Simon arcbiepus pdcus fibi quamvis im- meriti fuccedentes, confiderantes hec ad laudem Dei, necefftamm pauperum pdiclo- rum fublevacionem piiffimam, de intencione pmifhma ^pccffiffe: ipfius pris cupien- tes ftudiofis inherere vefbgiis; receptis pmk' fuper pmiffis omnibus aclis in forma- ctiibus atque veris. tra&atu infuper cum capit.ulo bro Cant' diligent!, eo j>pterea evocato, habito fpiritualiter fuper pmiflis, caufis pdcis difcuilis, fie deereto p nos in- terpolito fuper eis, ad laudem Dei fie quietem dietor' pauperum neeeffitatumque fuo- rum relevacoem conaruam, exoneracoemque Cant' archieporum de frueVibus ecclic predicte memoratas fummas viflY ad centum fie feXaginta lihr' fe extendentes, per nos- 8c fuccefTnres nros ipfa fede plena, fie ipfa fede vacanre per marius eorum qui frucV & em^Vm< , nta ditte ecctie fie capellarum eidem annexartim font percepiuri, juxta dif''n ionem inferius annotatam quamdtu menfe arehiepali appropriata dura- Terit.fore derernimu« in perpetuus exfolvend': Ad quarum -uiide n folucl em quatuor anni temporibus p cqua s porcion.*? 5 vkJi', feftis Sci Martini in vcrne, pufincaEois bene i|© A N T I Q_U ITIES IN KENT. beate Marie virginis, apoftolor' Phi & Jacobi, & Sci Petri quod dicitur ad Tincula, de fru&ibus ecclie j^ce, quamdin fie unira menfe archiepali fuerit fididelit' faciend', deliberacoe provido pjpienta de confenfu pdci capitli nii, ^pt' caufas pdcas, Scutili- tatem archiepatus evidentem,obligamus dcam eccliam dePecolvre fie menfe fire archie- pali ut pmittit' imitam, nos ecium & fuccetTores nros, pfatis hofpitalibus & pau- peribus in eifdem degentibus, & que fibi fuccedent in perpetuum, quocunque nomine cenfeanr, prefata vc-ro apropriacione qualitcutnque celTante feu, quod ablir, revocata, vel qualiuumque dilToluta, decernim' volum' & eciam ordinamus, quod tempora- lia died archiepatus ad iblucoem dictarum centum & quadraginta libr* & pfata ec- ctfa de Reculvre ad folucoem viginti libr' ficuti pmitus fuerant, redeant & remane- ant onerata, hofpitaliaque predifta & pauperes tunc degentes in eis quocumque nomine cenfeant, ad jus fuum pcipiendi & habendi dictas fummas ut pfert' redeant antiquum, & eo extunc libere utant' & gaudeant', ficut ante ipfius ecclie unionem & appropriacoem pmiffis uti folcbant qualifcumque feu gaudere, dicta appropriacoe & tempis fluxu non obftantibus, nee impedimentum affereiuibus quoviimodo : Et ne f ppt' mortem archieporum diverlis temporibus decedencium de folucoe in pfatis tmis facienda dubiura aliquod oriat': Volumus & ordinamus quod quicumque archiepus poft pceptos p eum annales fruclus dee ecclie & capellar' eidem annexar* poll fef- tum Sci Micftis & ante feftum Pafcb' tunc p t indicating that is fold at the 1 oiif; where it hangs out. Q^ It it can bear that feife Ik re? unius R E C U L V E R. i« untus quarterii ordei exeunt' de una grangea & uno ftabulo ac duabus aciis terre in Ilierne; & eadem mefuagia, fhopas, gardinum, terrain, bofcum, & redditum j-re- difta, iibi fie data poft ftatutum predi&um ingrelli fuerint, licentia noftra aut pro- genitor' noftror' fuper hiis non optenta : Et nos, de gracia lira fpeciali, & ad fup- plicationem predictor' fratrum & fororum, pardonavimus eifdem fratribus & fororibus rranfgreiiiones, contemptus, & forisfafturas per ipfos in hac parte faftos, & quic- quid ad nos pertinet occafone predidla. Et ulterius, de uberiori gratia noftra, de- dimus, conceifimus, & confirmavimus, quantum in nobis eft, eifdem fratribus & fororibus, mefuagia, fhopas, gardinum, terram, bofcum, 8c redditum predicla, cum ill is pertinentiis ; habend' Sc tenend' quietc fibi & fuccefforibus fuis imperpetuum, abfque impeticoe nri, heredum vel miniftrorum noftrorum, five minifiror' beredum iiror' quorumcumque. In cujus rei tefiimonium has literas noftras fieri fecimus pa- tentes. Tefte meipfo apud Weftm', tertiodecimo die Junii, anno regni nri tertiode- cimo. Per breve de privato figillo. Wake. Abp. Stafford's Grant to John Pawlyn, of divert Efcheats at Reculver, &c. From the Regifter of that Archbifhop. OMNIBUS Chrifti fidelibus ad quos prefentes littere pervenerint Johannes* permiff' divina Cant' archiep' 'otius Anglie primas & apoftolice fedis legatus falutem in Dno fempeternam. Noveritis nos concefiiffe dileclo 8c fideli fervienti Jofti Pawlyn pro bono Sc laudabili fervicio nobis & eccleiie nre Cant' raultipliciter impenfo quandam efcaetam apud Reculvre ad manus nras devenientem per mortem Joftis Clere, alteram efcaetam ad manus nfas fimiliter devenientem per mortem cujufdam mulieris vocat' Lap' Wynchellove, fex acr' terre in Rolling que ad dic"bs manus nras devenerunt ut efcaet' per mortem Johanne que fuit uxor Michaelis Downer, duas pecias terre vocat' Hunterflonde in Tenterden, & unum meflbagium in Senit- mauchurche que ad didtas manus nras devenerunt fimiliter ut efcaeta; habend' & te- nend' omnia predict' efcaet' terras & meffuagium cum eorum redditibus & proficu'.w quibuscunque prefato Joh' Pawlyn, heredibus & affignatis fuis, a dat' prefentium ul- que ad finem quadraginta annorum extunc prox' fequentium & plenarie complet* abfque aliquo nobis vel fuccefforibus noftris inde reddend'per prefentes. In cujus, Sic. Dat' apud Lambeth, xvi Nov. Anno Domini mccccxlv. . * Abp. Stafford 144.3 — 5453, lord chancellor and lord treafirer. % 1NCU Mi 154 ANTIQUITIES' IN "KENT. INCUMBENTS of RECULVER, i-ncumbents. rsgisters, Rectors. Hugh occurs reftor, between 1 1 7 1 and 1 184 (fee p. 129.) 1299, S Mar* John de Langeton, reftor, (fee p. 1 i9)Winchelfey, f. 274. b%- 1310. Nicholas Tyngewicke, reftor, and Ibid. f. 39. the firft vicar, (fee pp. 78, 136.) Vicars. 1351, 8 May. John de Klip, Klip, f. 2S0. b"»- Thomas Newe *. See p. 157. * IJ5^> 1 4 July. Hugh Power t, on the reiignation of Ibid. f. 273. a.. Niewe. 12,61,25 Oft. William de Blytheworth, on the Ibid. f. 292. b. death of Power. 1376, 8 Oft. Richard Skeene, by exchange with Sudbury, f. 119. a. Blytheworth. 1384, 2 0ft. John Langham, by exchange with Cburteney, f. 255. a. Richard Skeene. 1386, 23 May. Thomas Attkyn, on the refignation Ibid. f. 265. a. b. of John Langham. 1387, 18 Oft. John Montagu, on a legal vacancy. Ibid. f. 267. b. 1392, 3 Aug. John Bedell, alias de Sanfto Dionyfio, Morton, Dene, Bourehier, by exchange with Montagu. andCourteney, fol. 205. b. 1392, 11 Oft. John Bradley, on the death of Bedell. Ibid. fol. 207. 1393, 15 June. Robert Langton, on the reiignation Ibid. fol. 212. of Bradley. 1402, 24 Nov. John Bulwyk, by exchange with Arundel, vol. I. fol. 292. Langton. 1403, 13 Jan. William Wenlyflon, by exchange with Ibid. fol. 292. a. Bulwyk. 1414, 3 Jan. John Spifer, on the death of Wen- Chicheley, vol. I. f. 62. b. lyfton. 1416, 10 Dec. John Palmere, by exchange with Ibid. fol. 80. b. Spifer. * l'e refigned it for the ledtcry of Aldington, and was alio reftor of G< dmerfton. See p. 127. He foi nded two chantries at Reculver, and another at Hothe, in 1354 ; and a fourth at Haible- down in 13^1. See p. 157. f [p. 1357 Thomas de Allele is mentioned as " ultimus re&or ;" fee p. 149, i45 2 > R E C U L V E 11. , 55 Incumbents. Register:. ViCARS. 142 1, 3 Aug. Henry Befet, by exchange with Pal- Ibid. fol. 128. a. mere. 1431, 14 Mar. John Whitinge, on a legal vacanc\ . Ib'ul. fol. 19-j. b. 1433, 20 Jan. John Fcurnes, by exchange with Ibid. Whitinge. 1449, 9 Oft. Kelfey, on the death of Fournes. Stafford and Kemp. f.oi. 1 452, 17 Dec. John Cooke, on the refignation of Ibid. fol. 322. Kelfey. Thomas Thorp. J479, 17 Nov. John Bedell, on the death of Thorp. Bourchier, fol. 122. b. 1482, 8 Feb. John Nutkin, on the refignation of Ibid. fol. 132. a. Bedell. i495 ; 29 April. Leonard Eglesfeld, on the refignation Morton, Dene, Bourchier, of Nutkin. and Courteney, fol. 158. a. 15 19, 25 June. John Penyton, M. A. Warhara, fol. 368. a. Lawrance Miller, on the death of Penyton. 1556, 12 July. Thomas Hewitt, on the death of Miller.Pole, fol. 69. a. 1560, 10 May. William Vele, on the refignation of Parker, vol. I. fol. 343. Hewitt. 1575, 11 Feb. JoGiua Hutton, by lapfe, on the Ibid. vol. II. fol. 118. a. prefentation of the Queen. 1584, 4 Jan. William Baldok, on the refignation of Whitgift, vol. I. fol. 457. 1*. Hutton. 1594, 18 Jan. Robert Hunt, on the death of Ibid. vol. II. Baldok. i6c2, 5 Oft. Barnabas Knell, on the refigna- Ibid. vol. III. fol. 272.. b, tion of Hunt. 1661, 5 Sept. Robert Goddin, M. A. on a Juxon, fol. 127. b. legal vacancy. 1672, 29 Oct. Henry Hughes, B. A. on thedeath Sheldon, fol. 252. b. of Goddin. 1679, 10 April. Alexander Inncs, M. A. on a legal Sancroft, fol. 377. b. vacancy. j6S8, 22 April. Theophilus Beck, on the refignation Ibid. fol. 385. of Innes, 1688-9, 15 Mar. Adam Reeves, M. A. on the refig- Ibid. fol. 427. a. nation of Beck. Z = 1695, i695» 7 Mar. 17 16, 6 Mar. 1726, 17 Nov. 1729, 24.0ft. 1762, Feb. 156 ANTIQUITIES IN KENT. Vigars. Registers. Francis Green*, on the death of TiUdtfon, fol. 159. b. Reeves. William Squire f, M. A. on the death Wake, vol. I. fol. 299. b. of Green. Peter Vallavine J, LL. B. on the Ibid. vol. II. fol. 235. b, refignation of Squire. Thomas Clendon |j, M. A. on the re- Ibid. fol. 235. b. fignation of Vallavine. 1757, 26 Aug. Thomas Thompfon §, M. A. on the Seeker. death of Clendon. Anthony Lakyn **, B. A. on the Ibid. refignation of Thompfon. 1779, 13 Feb. Richard Sandys ft, on the death of Cornwallis. Lukyn. 1782, 16 April. Richard Morgan, on the death of Ibid. Sandys. * See p. 125. •j- Refigned this vicarage for that of Heme. Seep. 160. J Alfo vicar of Monckton, afterwards one of the minor canons of Canterbury cathedral, and vicar of Prefton near Wingham, for which he refigned Reculver. Died in 1 767. || Alfo vicar of Sturry. § Refigned this for the vicarage of Elham, where he died in 1773. He was alfo one of the fix preachers in Canterbury cathedral, and had been miffionary on the Coaft of Africa ; in defence of whieh inhuman and unchriflian traffic he publifhed a pamphlet in 1772, intituled, " The African " trade for Negro Slaves fhewn to be confiftent with the Principles of Humanity, and with the " Laws of Revealed Religion." ■** Afterwards M. A. holding with this vicarage, by difpenfation, the united rectories of St. Mildred's and All Saints in Canterbury. t+ He married, March 27, 1781, the right hon. Lady Frances Alicia Aflong, relief of William Aflong, efq, and youngeft filler to the earl of Tankerville. He had kept his terms and exercife for the degree of LL, B. at Cambridge ; and died Feb, 27, 1782. RE- R E C U L V E E R. 157; RECULVER C II A N T R I E S. .R DIN A CIO cantarie in eccl' de Racolvcre, direfta Tho. Nyewe * dcWolron, re&ori cccl'de Aldington, dudum vicar' eccl' paroch' de Raculvre, Cam' di- eec'. Dae' apud Maghfield, 23 Mart', 1 354. Regift. Iflip, fol. 104. a. Condetnnatio per mag' Will' de Wyttlefey, cancellar' et coirrmiffar' dni archiepi,, in caufa detentionis et fubtra&ionis redditus eccl' de Kacolvcrc, Will' Gilbert parochi- an' difte eccle, comparentem omncs terras in paroch' de 1'aculvere et Chiftlet dicle Gant' diaec' ad ie per obitum Alicie de Brouke devolutas ex pia caufa in xin fol' etini den' annul redditus ad fubfidium fuitentationis unius capellani divina in eccl' de Raculvere pro anima ditfte Alicie et animabus-omnium fidelium defumftorunv celebraturi imperpetuum rite et legitime effe onoratas; et petentem fe in dicVxms mi S folvend in eccl' de Racolvere in feftis nativitatis Dni et nativitatis S. Johan- nis Bap.tifte annis fingulis capellano predicio fententialiter et dirfinitiva condempna- ta. Dat' et OcT in eccl' paroch' de Maghfield, 8 kal' Maii, 1354,. Regift 3 Iflip, fol. 114. a. Ccnfirmatio ordinationis trium cantariarum; duarum videlicet in eccl' dc Re- culver, et tertie in capella de Hothe eidem annexe, perDiim Tho. Niewe reft' eccl'' de Godmerfham fundat'. Dat' apud Sakewode ; 4 kal' Junii, 1371. Regifter Wit- tlefey, fol. 45, a, b. 46, a, b. Declaratio dni archiepi cujufdam claufule non refidentie fuper ordinatione dua^ rum cantariarum in ecclefia de Recolvre. Dat' Cantuar', 1 April. 1377. Regifier Sudbury, fol. 35. a. b. Submiffio Johis Oxendenne de paroch'de Wingham, Cant' dioec', propter fubtracR- onem annui preftationis xin s mi S a capellano cantarie beate Marie iu eccl' de Reculvre, ex eo quod ipfe Joftes Oxendenne certas terras et tenementa que olim fu- erint cujufdam Will' Gilbert defuncli in parochiis de Chiftlet et Racolvre eiufdenv Cant'dicec'protunc habebat, poffidebat, et occupabat; quasquidem terras et tenemen- ta idem Tories Oxendenne adquifierat de heredibus five executoribus vel feofiato- ribus cujuldam Laurentii Buck veil defunfti. Quodque occupator et pofTefibr qui- cumque diclar' terrar' et tenement' pro tempore exiftens unum annuum redditum five unam preftationem fpualem trefdecem folidorum et quatuor denariorum capel- lano cuicunque cantarie beate Marie in eccl' de Reculver fundat' et ad collationem propriam dni Cant' archp' pleno jure fpeftantis pro tempore exiftenti folverit fin- gulis annis imperpetuum abfque contradiclione aliqua in hac parte. Taraen idem. Johes non ignarus dt&ar' terrar' et tenement' pofTefibr et occupator prefatum an- nuum reddit' de xin s. iiiiu". diu fubtraxit et detinuit. Dat apud' Cant' 6 Junii, 1420. Regifter Chicheley, Pars 2. fol. 338. b. 339. a. * In a MS. Hiftory of Eaflbiidge Hofpital, by Nicholas Battely, M. A', it appears that this perfon was nominated mafter of that Hofpital Dec. 18, 1351, and continued fo till 1382. In diffe- rent deeds he is called Thomas de Wilton, Thomas de Wolton, and Thomas Newe de Reculvre. He is ftyled by Somner " vir veie infignis, red~tor ecclelis de Aldington, dudam vicarius ec- clefiae de Raculvre." See pp. 127. 154. The? 158 ANTI QXJ ITIES IN KENT, The following Names of Incumbents of the Chantries at Re culver occur in the Archiepifcopal Regifters at Lambeth. Chantry Priests. Registers. William Drogby, chaplain of Tri- Iflip, fol. 297. a. nity chantry. 1382. 4 Jan. Thomas Webb, chaplain. Courteney, f. 248. a. 1383. 27 Aug. John Wengrave, by exchange with Ibid. f, 251. a. T. Webb. 1384. 18 Nov. John Cherchgate, by exchange with Ibid. f. 255. a. Wengrave. Thomas Faunt. 1425. 28 Julii, Wi!l!amCaldewcll,on the refignation Chicheley, pars 1. 156. b. of faunt. William Speere. 14.59. 8 March. John Furbour, on the refignation of Reg. Bourchier, f. 5. h. Speere. 1462, 16 Nov. William Kirkeby, on the refignation Ibid. p. 856. of Fourbour. 1464, 16 Feb. Robert Afhford. Ibid. fol. 90. a. b. Simon Flegard, by ex.chan.ge with Afhford. 1466, 3 Oct. John Hunter, on the refignation of Ibid. fol. 94. a. Flegard. 1466, 15 Jan. Alex. Syddy, on a lawful vacancy. Ibid. p. 94. b. John Bonaunteer. 1480, 19 April. Thomas Ballys, on the refignation Ibid. fol. 125. of Bonaunteer. 1480, 8 Jan. Simon Wareyn, on the refignation of Ibid. fol. 127. b. a. Ballys. 1495, 19 April. John Michell, on the death of War- Morron, Dene, Bourchier, reyn. and Courteney, fol. 138. a. 1 531, 18 Sept. Thomas Dale, on the refignation Warham, fol. 405. b. of Michell. 1538, 4 July. Thomas Hewetf, on the refignation Cranmer, fcl. 365. a. of Dale. ] N H E 11 N E. 159 I N C U M BENTS of H E R N E. Vicars. Registers. - 1 3 10. Hugh de Godynertre '*, firft vicar. Winchclfev, f. 30. 1321,270ft. Henry Rotihall, by prefentation Reynolds, f. 29. of Nicholas Tyngewicke. 1350, 7 Jan. Richard Med;. borne. Iflip, f. 255. a. 1357, 15 Oct. Will. Kac, on the refigr.ation of Ibid. f. 279. a. Medeborne. • John Hawe. 1376, 9 July. Nich.de Farneham, on the death Sudbury, f. 1 14. .it of Hawe. 28 Oct. Roger Sutton, by exchange with Ibid. f. 119.3. Farneham. • 28 Oft. John Chert, by exchange with Sut- Ibid. 119. b. ton. 1376, 31 Pec. Will. Graunt, by exchange with Ibid. f. 123. a. Chert. 1393, 19 March. Will. Goffe.- Courteney, in Morton, Dene, - Bourchier, and Courteney, f. 216. b. 1431, 10 Feb. Henry Baffett, on a legal vacancy. Chicheley, p. 1. f. 194.3. 1432, 5 May. John Derby. Ibid. 195. b. 1446, 12 Aug. John Bedale, on the refignation of Stafford, f. 90. a. Derby. 1464, 9 Oft. Chriftopher Warmyngton, by ex- Bourchier, f. 89. b. change with Bedall. Richard Bonaventure. 1489, 2 July. John Caton, on the refignation of Morton, Dene, Bourchier, Bonaventure. and Courteney, t. 146. a~ 151 1, 29 March. Andrew Benftede, on the death of Warham, f. 342. a. Caton. 1-53 1) 14 Aug. John >Varren, on the refignation of Ibid. f. 405. b. Benftede. * This vicar is named in the endowment, but whether he fucceeded to it is not certain. •i&> ANTIQUITIES IN KENT. V ^CARS. REGISTERS. 1538, 30 April. Nicholas Ridley*, S.T.B. on the Cranmer, 364. b. death of Warren. 1549, 16 Jan. Tho. Brokef, clerk f. Ibid. f. 410. 1562, 21 Dec. John Brydges, on a legal vacancy. Parker, 358. b. 1590, 5 Sept. Richard Colfe, on the refiguation of Whitgift, f. 488. b. Brydges. 1613,22 June. Ifaac Colfe, on the refienation of Abbot, 306. b. R. Colfe. 1616, 19 Sept. Jacob Colfe |j, on the refignation of Ibid. 420. Ifaac Colfe. 161 7, 12 Feb. Tho. Harward, on the death of Ibid. 429. b. Jacob Colfe. T620, 2 March. Alexander Chapman §, on the death Ibid. p. II. f. 326. a. of Harward. 1629, 12 Sept. Francis Ketelby, D. D. on the Ibid. p. III. f. 185. a. death of Chapman. 1634, 11 0(9:. John Reader, on the reCgnation of Laud, p. I. f. 310. a. Ketelby. John Webb, died 1689. 1689, 16 Oft. Will. Foache**. Sancroft, f. 41. b. 1713,4 Dec. John Ramfey, on the death of Tenifon, p. II. f. 219. a . Foache. 1724,260c!:. Henry Archer, D. D. ft on the Wake, p. I. f. 333. a. death of Ramfey. ■1726,-29 Oft. William Squire, M. A. on the refig- Ibid. p. II. f. 235. a. nation of Archer. 1 739, 29 March. Rob. Gafcoyne |J, B. A. on the Potter, f. 267. a. death of Squire. 175c, 4 Nov. Henry Hall ||||, M. A. on the re- Herring, f. 294. b. fignation of Gafcoyne. •1756, 7 July. William Rogers §§, B. A. Ibid. 1773, 12 Nov. John Duncoinbe ***, M. A. Cornwallis. * Bilhop ofRochefter 1547, bifhop of London 1550, martyred 1555. Seep. 106. X ■^ -_ X N^ X ■^ fc - v "ft "- < 3 rj 5 ^ ^ * ■v ? ^ r J5 > ^ X s ^N >5 ■• $ | X ^ * V ■t; V 4 ^ V X <, N iv § § X S >- 1 | X ft ^ 4 ^ 1 X 't u r > '5 V i X • X S ^1 t 163 3 - LETTER to Mr. T O H N NICHOLS, - From the Rev. JOHN PRIDDEN, M. A. ' F. A. S* ; - .: S I R, Fleet-ftreet, March 30, 1787. . AFTER the very learned and ingenious communications with which the publick have been favoured respecting the History of Reculver, little can indeed remain to attract its attention to a fubject. lb Seemingly exhaufted ; nor would the following memoranda have ever been liable to its cognizance, did not the repeated attacks of the relentleSs ocean threaten a fpeedy demolition to a place venerable for its antiquity, and to a fabric not kfs admired for the peculiarity of its Structure, th.-.n affuredly uSeful as a Sea-mark to navigators, among the numerous fands and ihoals that infeft this coait. . Recufcer, whatever may have been -its priftine grandeur, ]& now dwindled into an inlignificant village, thinly decked v.ith the cottages of nlhermen and Smugglers. The ruins of its cafllc -are only Sufficient to convey a faint idea of its original magni- ficence, while the fea, with gradual but frequent approaches, baffles every effort to reScue from destruction this devoted territory. ' Of Queen's College, Oxford,. Minor Canon of Ft. Paul's Cathedral, Vicar of ■Heybndge j-uxta Maiden, Eflex, and ('urate of St. BndVs, London 1 . A a The .164 APPENDIX TO RECULVER. The church of this place, when viewed from the Ifle of* Thanet, appears fo peculiarly majeitic and lingular in its ftruc- ture, that it draws many vifitors' during thre bathing-feafon to contemplate its beauties. The difappointmentis as great as general. The man of tafte, who expects to fee an elegant and ornamental pile, meets with nothing bpta weather-beaten, building, and the few embellishments that once graced it mouldering away by the fury of the elements. The citizen, who vifits the ifland for the exprefs purpofe of indulgence, and- who, by the accidental obfervance of the Reculver fpires, is prompted to faunter as well here as elfewhere ; after a ride of twelve miles ', finds to his forrow no well-itored larder, and, unlefs he can relifh dry bifcuit, bad ale, four cheefe, or weak moonfhine, he mull return to Margate to repair the' damage his curiofity has impofed on his fenfitive afredion. The principal remaining curiofities at Reculver are, the church, an old chapel near it, part of a religious building,, and the walls of the cattle. The church, though conipofed of common materials, is tolerably regular. The weft front, flanked by two towers, each Surmounted by a fpire, covered with lead, afiumes a dignity uncommon to mod churches, and by its fymmetry, though deftitute of much ornament, commands a veneration fuperior to its merit. The view of it in plate IX. was taken from a flation fomewhat elevated, to introduce the profpeft of the diftant country. The north and fouth fides have little worthy of notice in them, and are nearly alike. In plate X. I have given a north- 1 There is a nearer way, over .the Sands, when the tide is out ; but it is by no means rt commended for grangers to attempt it without a guide, as there are Several pieces of quick-land on the flats between St. Nicholas and Reculver. eaft ZkUeXpUSs. M>iiummf t f\f. r C JIairote AT 4* A ./ P/iJ.itn cU&n j~sj. APPENDIX TO RECULVER. i6; eaft view ', as being the moft pictiirefque. The roof of thib. church was formerly more pointed than at prefent, as will appear by the finifhing of the ealt and weft walls, and by the upper part of the two windows over the weft door being bricked up ; it has lately been repaired, and the following memorandum i ■ raifed on the lead : A. S A Y E R, Churchwarden 7 , 1775- The in fide of the church and chancel, when viewed from the weft door over which a ftone gallery communicates to each of the towers, has a very regular and pleafing effect (fee plate X. fig. i.) The pavement or flooring is in moft places of very peculiar firmnefs, being compoied of a very ftrong cement ; and where that does not prevail, it is formed of the painted tiles which are fo common in old churches. On the north fide of the altar are thefe arms Carved in ftone and blazoned ; Gules, femee of crofs croflets a lion rampant, Or, (fee plate X. fig. 3.) Againft the fouth wall of the chancel, withm the altar rail?, is the beautiful monument of Sir Cavaliero Maycote (fee plate X. . * See Plate X. fig. 1. While I was taking this view (about ten in the forenoon of April 17, 17S1), a (hock occafioned by the explohon of a powder-mill at Faverfhani was fo ftnnbly felt here, as to alarm the whole village. The t|ay was perfectly ferene; not a fingle cloud interrupted the azure beauty ot the horizon. The vafl body of fmoke, natural on fuch an accident, kept a ftationnry appearance from eleven t'» three, in the fhape given in the view; it then ailumed the lhape of two eggs placed horizontally on each other, and towards five it formed a long ftream, which feemed ro reach feveral miles ; the appearance of this immenfe nials of fmoke was vifible the next morning. Thefhock was alio felt at Margate. This view alio fhews part of the vicarage, the foundation of the caftle wall, the neglected chapel, now con- verted into a cottage, and the houfe, whofe foundations were fo fapped by the fea in the ftorms of the winter of 1782, as to be taken down to prevent its fall over the cliff. A a 2 fiV. i66 APPENDIX TO RECULVER, fig, 4.) The figures of himfelf, wife, and nine children, are well executed ; the monument is furmounted with the creft. and arms of Maycote ; creft, a ball ipiked ; arms, quarterly, 1. 4. Ermine, in a canton, Argent, a flag feiant Gules ; 1. 3. party per pale Sable and Ermine, a chevron engrailed Gules. On the pedeftal of the reading-table, between Maycote and his Lady, are the arms of Maycote impaling Meninges ; Gules, three crefcents, Argent. A little below the figures is the following infeription: Here vndf.r waite (for a joyfvl resurrection) the bodies or dame Marie- and of her hvsband Sir Cavaliero Maycote, knight, WHO LIVED TOGETHER IN GREAT CONTENTMENT (FROM St. Andrew's DAY, anno 1586), fvll 20 Years, in\v ch time thay had 8 sons and ONE DAVGHTER, NAM ELY , JilON, THOMAS, GeORG E, RlCH ARDE, THOMAS, WlL- liam, Harbert, George, and Elizabeth, whearof 5 sonnes dyed before them. She was the davghter of Thomas. Moninges, gent, and Ales Crispe, svmetime dwellers at Swanton in Lidden, and dyed on Christmas-paye, anno 1606. He was sonne of George Maycote, gent, and of Marcarette Brooker. (long dwellers in this parishe) and dyed * to all wkome the Lorde be mercyfyl at the latter daye. The only brafTes left in the church (except that of Ralph Brooke, whofe monument is much ruined) are thofe of the Sandeweys, on a flat ftone in the chancel, near the altar rails. He is reprefented in armour with his feet refting on a greyhound. She (with a label ifTuing from her mouth, on which is written, fiat intfertcoiftfa tua tmc fupcr nos) is cireired in a loofe habit ; her waift is exceedingly taper, and the ridiculous enormity of her head-drefs fully refenes our modern belles from every imputation of abfurdity in this part of their decoration. A little lower are "the effigies of their numerous progeny ; viz. 8 fons and 7 daughters ; over the man are 3 boars heads couped at the * The date of his death k not inferted on the monument. 5 neck, APPENDIX TO RECULVER. ,6f neck, and over the woman 3 rams heads coupcd (fee plate X. fig. 5.) and this infcription : $tc jattt Jrtmnts &anocta?g armtser, tt Jofjanna i\tc; ejus ; quoiunt armrwbus pjopicietur i eus. ilmcn. The label hTuing from the mouth of the man, and two efcutcheons near the foot of the ftone, are loir. Belides the inferiptions in the chancel already noticed in N 1 XVIII. of the " BibliothecaTopographicaBritannica," is one on a fand ftone near the entrance, thus fingularly inlcribed : Here lieth the Body 0/ Robert Godden, gent, late Vicer of Reculver; hee died Auguft the 22d, 1672. In the body of the church are feveral ftones to the memory • of the families of Cobb and Hills. They are all in the middle aile, and are as follows : Arms, a chevron between 3 cocks, impaling, on a bend eotized, a lion paffant : heere lyeth bvrved the b0dyes of Benjamin Coe, of Recvlver, in the coun- tye of Kent, gent, and of Alice his wife, THE DAVGHTER OF Roe £RT KnOWLE, ESQ. of hearne, in the said covntye, gent, he had 1ssve by her, two sonnes, robert aho Francis, and fowre davghters, Svsannah., Mary, Anne, and Margaret; he departed this life on the ioth day of jvne, 1642, in the 38th yeare of his age : she dyed before, vpon the 7th day of j\'ly, 164i, in the 33d year of her ac3e. here also lieth bvried the boby of robert cobe, of Reculver, in the covnty of Kent, gent, sonne of Benjamin Cobb ; he married Mary davghter of jonas hvnt, gent. sometimes of chislet, by whom he had issve 3 sonnes, viz. Benjamin, Robert, and John, and 2 davghters, Anne and Mary: he died Jvne the 17TH, 1676 AGED 42 YEARS. Here - i6f APPENDIX TO R E C U L V E R. Here lieth burled the Body of Mary Cobb, daughter of Robert and Mary Cobb : Shee departed this life the 23d day of April, in the -Year of our Lord 1681, aged 10 years. Here lyeth the body of "Benjamin Cobb, of Chillet, gent, fon of Robert and Mary Cobb, of Reculver, who married Frances, late wife of William Whiteing, of Chiflet, by whom he left iffue one daughter, Mary Cobb : He was buried the 10th of July, 2683, aged 21 years. Arms. On a fefs, between 3 cinquefoils pierced, a lion panapt. Here lyeth the body of Mary late wife of Robert Cobb, of Reculver, gent. She was daughter of Jonas Hunt, gent, fometime of Chiflet. She was buried May the 29th, 1684, aged 45 years. here lyeth the body of Henry Hills, who died febr. 16, 1664. here lyeth the body of Mary Hills, WHO DIED March 25, 1665. here lyeth the body of henry Hills; he had issue by his wife Catherine two sons and two daughters, Henry, John, Mary, and Catherine. He died in December, 1684, aged 62 years. Hers APPENDIX TO R E C U L V E R. 169 Hebe lyeth the body of John Hills, son ok Henhv Hills, who had to wife elizabeth. He departed this life the 201I1 of June, 1685, aged 30 YEARS. On a (tone next the weft-door, much broken : Here lieth interred the Body of Catherine Hills, who departed this life the 25th day of January, 1696-7, aged 72 years and odd months. Shejhad iffue by her hufband abovefaid, 2 fons, and 2 daughters, Henry, John, Mary, and Catherine, all buried near this place ; {he was daughter to Vincent W— lderdown of Birchington, in the Ifle of Thanet, yeoman; and her hufband Henry Hills gave the poor men of Reculver the rent of 3 pounds 10s. a year, payable the 24th day of June, for ever. The following particulars are enumerated on a table fixed to one of the fouth nillars in the middle aile. From the parfonage, bequeathed by Chriitopher Milles, efquire, by his lad will, bearing date May 28, 1638, to be paid the laft day of Auguft every year, as long as the leafe fhall be continued to any of his fur name. In May - Street. An annuity arifing from one acre and five perches of pafture land, "1 now or late in the occupation of Mr. Thomas Reynoldes. J 5 ° Fifteen perches of wood-land, lying contiguous to the above. From two rods and twenty-four perches of pafture-land, now or late 1 , in the occupation of Vincent Harrifon. J ° ° From twenty-five perches of arable- land, now or late in the occu- 1 pation of Stephen Sajer. j ° 2 In Chiflet. A meflbage or tenemenr, with one acre, three rods and twenty-fix ") perches of pafture and wood- land, now or late in the occupation > 3 o o of Benjamin Morris. In Heme. One acre, one rood, and eleven perches of pafture-land, now or late "I in the occupation of the faid Benjamin Morris. J 1 1785. Richard Morgan, Vicar. Stephen Sayer, t _. . , Tr „ r Church-wardens. William Staines, J The t7o APPENDIX TO RECULVER. The parochial Regifter of Reculver begins at 1602 ; but the following entries are all that the fhortnefs of my time admitted me to fele<5t. 160c, June o, Chriftopher, fon of "1 c . ^, . a , . , ... , . . ,606,0a. I, Elizabeth, daughter of j S,r Chnftopher Clyve, knight, baptized. 1609, Sept. 10, Barbara, daughter of Thomas Thornhurft, efq; baptized. 1620, Sept. 28, Francis, fon of Sir Thomas Perryn, knt. was baptized in the chapel of Forde. 1672, Oft. 31, Robert, fon of Robert Cobb, gent, and Mary his wife, baptized. 1672, Aug. 25, Mr. Robert Godden, Vicar of Culver, buried. 1676, June 20, Robert Cobb, gent, buried. Having an opportunity at the fame time of perufing the Regifter of the adjoining chapel of Hoath, I alfo lelecled fuch entries as appeared obfervable. This regifter begins anno 1563. 1576, April 24, Mr: Spracklin, of St. Lawrence, and Joan Linch, widow, of Elm- ftead, married. -1624, April 15, Humfryd Peryent, genr. and dame Mary Peyton, widow of Sir Samuel Peyton, Knt. and Bart, married. • July 8, James, fon of Sir Thomas Peryent, Knt. baptized. 1679, April i, Mr. John Webb, Vicar of Hearne, and Mrs. Joyce Roafe, of Chiflett, married. 1702, Richard Mantle, chofe clerke of Hoath. A little north of Reculver Church, within a few paces of the edge of the cliff, are remains of an ancient chapel, now converted into a cottage ; many Roman bricks are worked in the mafonry of the walls, and in the fouth wall is an arch entirely compofed of them (fee plate X. fig. -1.) About 40 yards W. W. N. of the church, is a building which has the appearance of having been part of fome monadic erection. (See plate X. fig. 6.) Of the Caftle, nothing remains but the mafTy foundations of its walls, which are apparent on three fides of the hill, the north afpact has, together with the lite thereof, been wafhed down ; fome huge fragments yet remain on the beach. L >//r J <¥ I l I I I - I I I a ._.. ._..! ~$ ' < _ CsUl/ 1 <•/ 4< ■( //// 1 /' //////'< '/ / r///( /(<&/&>, '/'//, •/////•/.!•.■ " ///, //-,/// ,i/i.iJ,if //t/////r ,i/y ,•////,■/• u//,//r (kfhvyed, w tzmcealetl '/ram nor Ar //i, ■'!•//. p/«/. xzr.p. J.Prtfdat dr/.jy8i. APPENDIX TO RECULVER. 171 A companion of plate XL (here annexed) with the fame plan as it ftands marked N' IV. in your XVIIIth Number, will mew the incroachment of the fea between 1780 and 1785. The little mark where I have placed an aiterifk, in the plan of the church, is not unlikely to be the fpot where the remains of Ethelbert were depolited. (See p. 72.) Such are the trifling memorabilia, which I have been able to add to the more important communications the publick have al- ready been indulged with from abler hands. The probability that within a very few years the church and town will become a prey to the fury of the waves, fully jultifies what is now fubmitted to its infpe<5lion, however infignificant, by Yours truly, JOHN P RIDDEN, P. S. The following drawings will perhaps form a mifcel- laneous plate or two of Kentifh Antiquities, not wholly uncon- nected with the neighbourhood of Reculver. Plate XII. Fig. 1. Is a perfpe&ive view of Ford Palace, taken in September 1785. Some account of it has been given in N° XVIII. to which Strype's Narrative may ferve as a companion : " There belonged anticntlv to this great Archbifhoprick, many noble feats, and they of a firft and fecond rank. Of the former fort, were thefe palaces * following: That at Canterbury, that at Otford, at Knol, at Croydon, and Lambeth. Of the latter, were the country and manor-houfes at Ford, at Charte, Charing, Charteham, Tenham, Wingham, Bekefborn, and elfewhere. But before this Archbifhop's time, they were almoft all p:ift away from the fee. His predeceffor Cranmer ufed to be much at Ford, towards the latter end efpecially of King Edward : which was one of the oldelt feats of the archbifhops of Canterbury; a magnificent manfion, as P'dlpot calls it ; given by Ethelbert King of Kent, who granted alfo tke whole parifh, called Chilllet, wherein Ford itandeth, unto the faid iee. It had a certain proportion of land impaled round it, in form of a park, as if they had judged it meet thereby to juftify the firft. donation. But Bekefborn, a far lels houle, but more he-dthfully and conveniently fituated, pleafed Archbifhop Parker better. It was a fmall, yet an elegant lioufe, very commodious for the Archbifhop's retire- ment and recti's, and the rivgr brought fo convenient about it, that, the trouts, * Of Mayfield, another archiepifcopa] palace, an account will be giver, in a future page. B b t'.-e 172 APPENDIX TO RECULVER. the principal fifh there, are plentifully ufeful to it. But our Archbifhop found Bekefborn too ftrait for him. Ford was larger, as he wrote to the lord treafurer, but ■very inconvenient, being an old, decayed, waflfut, unwholeibme, and defolate Route. To that cafe, it i'eems, it was come in his time. He therefore was minded to enlarge his houle at Bekefborn, with the materials of the former. This enlarge- ment he thought needful and requifue, as well for the foreigne friends, as for the foreigne enemies. Ford was in fuch a corner, and the foil fuch, as he thought no man would have any delight to dwell there, if he had any other place nigher ths church. He would alfo, with the ruins of that, have repaired his palace at Can- terbury, and iupplied it with fome better lodging. This, he faid, he thought honeft, and yet would leave houfes enough at Ford, to fuch as mould have the overfight of his grounds there. Now, for the compaffing this, it was convenient he mould have the Queen's confent. For this, he made ufe of the Lord Treafurer ; intreating him to wait his opportunity to move her Highnefs in this fake: That ire might make a deed of gift of it to her ; and then that ihe might grant it,again to him and to his fuccefibrs ; not meaning, as he proieffed, one penny of advantage to himlelf, but to the commodity of the fee, if it (houid ftarrd in any tolerable Hate. This was compounded in March. But he had it in his mind the December before ; but was difcouraged from making the fuit, the Queen having denied him in fom- things before : no queftion occasioned by fome of his back friends at court. " He " had thought," as he told the Lord Treafurer in that month, " to Have uttered a u . fmall fuit, that mould not have been in honour hurtful to her Majelty, nor to her " purfe chargeable; but that he was too unlucky and unfortunate to win any thing " for himfelr, or his friends. Which made him reiolve hereafter, to crave little, " as he had not ufed much importunity, he laid, in a dozen years before: although " moil of his predeceilbrs had things of more importance granted them by the " Prince's favour in their time. But he would hold himlelf within his bounds, and take the times as they were; and would yet do bis duty in conlcience, and. ferve to his uttermoft power, till the day of his diffolution." And fo he waved wholly the mention what his requelt was at this time. But his requeff, when he afterwards difcovered it, feemed to find a favourable admiffion; for I find in April following, the writings were drawn concerning the tranflation of Ford Houle, and fent to the Lord Treafurer for his approbation. But there they {luck till tr.e latter end of the year, and how long after I cannot tell : for in the month of No- vember, he put his lordfhip in mind again of this bufinefs ; telling him, " that if " his lordfhip would comfort him with her Majefty's grant, he would yet allay to «« amend Bekefborn building." And in the fame month, he again told him, " that if " he knew her Majefty's contentation, he would prepare towards the reparation of " Bekefborn •, meaning to do," as he faid, " while he lived, as though he mould live " ever : and yet he trufted, being ready in all the ftorms of the world, to depofe * c his tabernacle to-morrow ; doubting not but his lordfhip was fo framed for *' both : Per bonam famam &? infaviiam, per convitia & laudes, to go forward in his '• vocation, as God had placed him." But the reafon of the delay of this bufinefs, was, I fuppofe, occafioned, partly by the Queen's going her progrefs this funime: ; fo « « APPENDIX TO RECULVER. T73 fo not at leifure to be fpoken to about lefier bufinefs; and partly by the oppofition of forne of his court enemies. This in fine came to nothing. Ford Houle flood till of late years it was pulled down by Sequeftrators. And the Archbifhop finifhed Bekefoora this year, though not with that largenefs and magnificence his good ^earc intended." Strype's Life of Parker, p. 406. Fig. 2. Salmeiton Grange, vulg. Samfon, was formerly a Grange belonging to the monaftery of St. Auftin, Canterbury ; much of the original building yet remains, particularly the chapel, infirmary, and fome of the inferior offices. A South- well view is here given. Fig. 3. This view fhews an Eaft profpect of the church and manor-houfe of Minfter ; the front of the manor-houfe is much modernized fince the drawing given in Lewis's Antiquities of Thanet was made. The ruins of a tower at the South angle of the building is part of the chapel belonging to the nunnery of this place. Fig. 4. Dene Chapel, near Margate, ftands in a little valley, called Chapel-bottom, in the road from Margate to Minfter, a little S. W. of Salmeiton ; it is a perfect ruin (the South wall being quite down), built of field flints rough cafted over ; on the North fide are the remains of two rooms, which (as they have- no communication with the chapel) were probably the apart- ments of the officiating prieit , The chapel part meafures about 40 feet by 30 ; the above rooms and chapel as viewed from the North- weft are here fhewn, Fig. 5. A North-eaft view of the remains of a little chapel, a fmall diltance eaftward from St. Lawrence, now turned into a cottage. It was dedicated to the Holy Trinity, and in it was founded a chantry. Fig. 6. South view of Quekes, a venerable manfion, about three quarters of a mile E. S. E. of Birchington, which towti was antiently the manor, as this was the feat of the Quekes, B b 2 which j 74 APPENDIX TO RECULVER. which family ended in a daughter, who was married to Mr. Crifpe, of Stanlake, in Oxfordshire. Henry Crifpe was fheriff of Kent, and had inch influence in thefe parts, that he was ftyled Regulus Infula T'baneti : he died in 1575, leaving two ions; one of which, Sir Nicholas, dying in 1651, gave his eftate to his nephew Henry Crifpe, efquire, who was commonly called Bonjour Crifpe, on account of his being carried into France, where he was fome time, and learned no more French than bonjour, or good-morrow. He, having one only fon, Sir William Crifpe, who died before him, gave this feat and the eftate belonging to it to his" nephew Thomas Crifpe, efquire, who died in iGb'o, and left four daughters, coheirs. At his houfe king William III. ufed to refide, till the winds favoured his embarking for Holland. A room, faid to be the bed-chamber of the royal gueff, is ftill fhewn. His guards encamped in an adjoining enciofure. This ancient feat, like moft others of the fame rank, is going fail: to ruin ; the weather penetrates into moft of the apartments (particularly weftward of the porch), which have been the prin- cipal ones ; the tiles are blown off in many places, the windows demolifhed, and no part of it inhabited, or indeed fit to be, except a fmall portion at the end, which is occupied by a farmer. A few years will probably reduce this building to what may be feen Eaitward of the porch, as it is in agitation to pull the re- mainder down ; a very fine ftiite of apartments at the North-welt corner has been demolifhed this fummer (17 81); and as any of the inhabited part of the building may want repair, or purchafers for the materials can be procured, the reft will fhare the fame fate. The whole of this building is of brick, except the large ftone window at theSouth-eaft corner, and the bottom of the South-weft window. From this houfe, Henry Crifpe, efquire, a man of great property, who had been high-fheriff for the county, was furprifed, APPENDIX TO RECULVER. J? < furprized, and carried prifoner to the Spanifh Netherlands. As this was an undeniable fact, and the only inftance of the kind ever known in this kingdom*, it fhould feem to deferve notice. 1 could, therefore, wifh to perpetuate (as far as a publication of this fort may pre fume to perpetuate) the memory of fo lingular an event. They who do not think themfelves interefted in the ftorv, are at full liberty to pafs over it. I gave it in the words of the author of The Margate Guide." " Henry Crifpe, efquire, of Quex, in the Ifland of Thaner, " in Kent, was, in Auguft 1657, forcibly and violently, in the " night-time, without his will, taken and carried out of his then " dwelling-houfe at Quex, in the parilh of Birchington, near " the lea- fide, by certain Englishmen, and ethers, and by force " carried to Bruges in Flanders, and detained there as a prifoner, " till three thoufand pounds fhould be paid for his ranfom. " Henry Crifpe, a few days after his arrival at Bruges, fent to his " brothers fon, Thomas Crifpe, efquire, who then lived near " Quex, to come over to him at. Bruges, to give him affiftance " in thole great exigences and extremities ; and accordingly he " went over to him, and after fome advice taken there, Henry u Crifpe difpatched his nephew, Thomas Crifpe, into England, l( there to join his endeavours, together with the endeavours of cl his fon, Sir Nicholas Crifpe, knight, then in England, for his " ranfom and enlargement, and to raife money for that purpofc ; " both which they found great difficulty to effect, becaufe " that Oliver Cromwell having, at that time, taken upon him u the government of the nation, and fufpecling that the taking " away Mr. Henry Crifpe was only a colluiion, whereby to * A like attempt was made, but fortunately prevented, on the famous Sir Thomas Spencer. Ses the Hiitory of Canonbury Houfe, Iflington. M colour i?6 APPENDIX TO RECULVER. *•' colour the lending or giving three thoufand pounds to King /,< ■/■■'//r/// //,//■ /S ///tijaiwax '//])ami>/> lxow,/// ///, . ''.>/,• , y ', ///,///<■/,. A1///J '. '//,»> < f}<7 3.p.lj6. n J <■/ ^<. J 1 ' y -J**^ < ^ Ftff.fi-p.ijs. ^GHC //->./. • A'///, ///. /. • '/i-;fl APPENDIX TO RECULVER. I?9 On removing the prefcnt pavement of Canterbury Cathedra!, in February 1787, at a fmall diftance from the tomb of Arch- bilhop Iflip, was found a flone coffin, or cyft (the lid of which was Iuppofed to be ftolen at the Reformation) fitted to the fbape of the human body, like the fketch in fig. 7. T'be Dimenfions. feet. inch. Cavity of the head ■ \ 1 11 Breadth of the fhoulders — — — 2 o Breadth at the feet — 1 3 Length within from fhoulders to feet — — 6 3 From out to out — — ■ ■ — 6 10 Depth of the coffin — — — o iol There is no doubt (though fome imagine this cannot be Iflip's grave *, as ftone coffins were of much earlier date, and therefore then out of ufe) that this curious coffin contains the remains of Archbifhop Iflip, who died in 1366, and according to Somner * May not the doubt refpefting this Hone coffin not having been the repoCtory of Iflip's corpfe be fully obviated, by fuppofing that it had been primarily ufed many years before, but Was unoccupied at the time of the Archbifhop's death ? Lanfranc, Anfelm, and Ralph, the three firlt Archbifhops after the Corqueft, were certainly buried in the nave, and the two former towards the upper part of it ; for Lanfranc was interred ante crucifixion (Godwin de Prseful. pag. 61.); and Anfelm ad caput pradecejforis fid hanfranci (W. Malm, de Geft. Pontif, p. 150.) But the crucifix called the holy crols, and the great crofs, was placed by the fleps of afcent into the choir. (Somner's Antiq. p. 93. and Battely Cant. p. 9.) Alter the fire of Canterbury cathedral, A. 1174, the bodies of Lanfranc and Anfelm were taken up and re-interred. The ftate of Lanfranc's is particularly defcribed by Gervafe in X Scr. c. 1301 ; and 1 thir.k it may be inferred that he had been put into a ftone coffin. It can, however, hardly be Iuppofed that the perfons who directed the re- moval of thefe bodies would chufe to be at the trouble of digging up thefe large flone coffins. Of Lanfranc's body it is particularly related : " Lanfrancus levatus " eft de far, of a go fuo in tabula plumbea," X Scr. 302. It alio appears that the monks at the fame time removed the body of Archbifhop Theobald, which they found in high prefervation, out of his fepulchre, and caried into the veftry upon a bier; and that this fepulchre was a fione coffin ; fulLito farcofagi lapide fuperiore. (X Scr. c. 1301.) S. Denne. C c was i8o APPENDIX TO RECULVER. was buried in the middle of the body at the upper end, inclining to the north fide, under a fair tomb of marble, which was afterwards removed and placed between two pillars, where it remained till taken down in February, 1787. The bones had been difturbed, the fkull much broken, and lying upon the breaft, but the teeth nearly perfect. On the fouth fide of the nave, between two pillars, under a large railed tomb, were found the remains of Archbifhop Wittelfey, who died in the year 1374. He was buried in the folid foundation, cut out partly in the fhape of a coffin ; the fkeleton was entire ; the body had been lain in wood alhes. A leaden feal of a papal bull (fee fig-. 8.) was found near the hand, and is now in the pofTeffion of the Rev. Dr. Berkeley, Vice-dean of Canterbury. Of the antenna engraved in plate III. of this Hiftory, p. 75,, it mould have been obferved, that fome ingenious antiquaries^ among whom are Mr. Jacob of Faverfharn, and Mr. Gardner, differ on very plaufible grounds from Mr. Goftling, Mr. Stennif,. &c. in their idea of them, being of opinion that, as fo many of them remain, they could not be made for military, but eccle- iialtical ufe. In particular, Mr. Jacob has not lefs than fourteen or fifteen of different fizes in his own pofTeflion, and has given feveral away. And Mr. Gardner, in his hiftorical account of Dunwich (4to, 1 7 54), who had many in his pofTeflion;, found, there, fay?, p. 96, that " the fculpture ave maria, Sec. on one " fide, and on the reverfe, a. dominy tecum (as in the Roman " Rolarium) on N° 5. pi. IV. fhews it to be done fince the time " of Conltantius ; thefe very likely were ufed to be borne in pro- " ceffions with the four Evangelifts thereon. They may have " been expofed, with the fhrines, in former times to the populace " on grand feftivals." P. 155. Omitted in the Lift of the Incumbents of Reculver. George French, M. A. 1652. LET- APPENDIX TO II ERNE. ,8i LETTER to Mr. JOHN NICHOLS, From the Rev. Mr. SAMUEL DENNE, SIR, Wilmington, March 22, 1784. IN the entertaining, and, in many points, fatisfadtory account of Heme, printed in N° XVIII. of the Bibliotheca Topographica Britannica, Mr. Duncombe, at p. 99, has inferted the following curious extract from the Regifter Book of that pariih, with a remark upon it, which I have alfo tranfcribed. " 1567, ould Arnold, a Cryfomer, buried February 8th. " This word, ibmetimes fpelt Ghrifomer *, often occurs after- ** wards for about a hundred years, but not fince. Dr. Johnfon * A Cbryfome was a cloth which covered the child's face when brought to be baptized, and not the prieft's fee for chriftening it; but in cafe the child died in the month, the prieft had only two-pence, and the cloth was to bury the child in. And by the manual in itfum Sarum, it is ordered, that godfathers and godmothers fee that the mother bring the Chryfome at her purification or churching, with other accuftomed offerings. In the earlieft regifter of St. Bride's parifh, in London, beginning in 1587, and ending in 1653 (a regifter the more curious as having been preferved from the great fire which deilroyed fo many others in the laft century), the term frequently occurs under a variety of fpelling •, as cryfome, cryzome, criffom, cryzom, crefum, &c. but the entry is regularly, either " a cryfum," or " one cryfome," or " the cryfomer/' of fuch and fuch a perfon. The earlieft that occurs in this regifter is in 16 14, and the lateft in 1652. In the fame period the " ftill-born" and the " bafe-born" children are carefully diftinguilhed. On a flight inipe&ion of St. Bride's regifter, I met with the two following articles, here thrown out for the ufe of future commentators on Shakfpeare. " 1590. xviith of May, Ifabell the wife of Hamblct Panketmau, was buried. *' 1592. Hamlet Evans,' buried ixth of Nov." J. N. C c 2 " defines ,8 2 APPENDIX TO H ERNE. " defines Cbrifom from (Chrifm) to be a child that dies within a " month after its birth, fo called, he fays, from the Chrifm cloath, " a cloath anointed with holy unguent, which the children antiently il wore till they were chri/lened. Chrifm is applied in the gloffaries " to the Popifii Sacrament of Confirmation. Quid Arnold might, u therefore, in the fir.fi: appearance of Protcflantifm in England " be firft converted late in life, or perhaps, on his converfion to " Proteftantifm : as anciently perfons who were recovered from " any herefy, if not already confirmed, were anointed with " Chrifm." Du Cange. Of the juftnefs of his conjecture reflecting the fignification of Cryfomer, the ingenious hiftorian, by his manner of expref- fmg himfelf, feems to be diffident ; nor am I clear that I can propofe a more plaufible furmife. But, if you are of opinion that the hints I have to offer may help to elucidate the meaning of the word, you will be fo obliging as to give them a place in a future number. The Chrifm was an unguent compounded of oil and balfams, confecrated annually on Maundy Thurfday by the bifhop of every diocefe in his cathedral, where the parochial clergy, on paying the cuftomary fee, were fupplied with a fufficient quantity for the enfuing year. Anointing children at their baptifm was one of the ufes to which it was applied. Dr. Johnfon (as quoted by Mr. D.) fays, that the cloth, ftyled the Chrifom, was worn by children till they were chriftened. This I apprehend to be a miftake, and that it was not put on till after they had received the facred unction, nor do I recollect having obferved that the cloth itfelf was previoufly anointed. If the child died within the month, it was, when buried, wrapt in this baptifmal veft- ment ; otherwife the Chrifom was to be brought to the church by the mother when ihe returned thanks for her fafe deliverance; or APPENDIX TO H ERNE. 18? 1 or fhe was to make an offering in money inftead of it ■• ; . The veflmerit the child had on at its baptifm retained the name of Chriiom, after the practice of anointing ceafed, but it was alfo called the face-cloth. This is the term in the account of the dues belonging to the vicar of St. John's, in Tenet, mentioned by Mr. Lewis, in his Hiftory of that ifland, p. 145, and he has iubjoined an explanation by John Hunte, curate of Heme, in 1621. Among the notes for reformation of the church, A 1560, pub'iilied in Serype's Annals, vol. I. p. 208, is this direction : " To avoid contention, let the curate have the value of the u Chrifm, not under the value of 4d and above, as they can f* agree, and as the ftate of the parents may require." It was reafonable that a compoiition mould be made for the face-cloth, becaufe in the valuation of the livings under the Stat, of 2 5 * This feems to be confirmed by the following fentence in Mr. Reed's edition of Dodfley's Old Plays, 17S0, vol. IX. p. 352. " Madam, the preacher, Is fent for to a churching,, and doth ailc^ If you be ready ; he fhall lofe, he fays, His chryfome elfe \" And Mr. Steevens, in his edition of Shakfpeare, 1778, in a note on Falftaff's making " a finer end, and went away, an it had been any chrilbm'd child;" fays, " The cbryfom was no more than the white cloth put on the new baptifed child." See Johnfon's Canons of Ecclel. Law. 1720. " I have fomewhere (but cannot recollect where) met with this further account of it ; that the cbryfom was allowed to be carried out of the church, to enwrap fuch children as were in too weak a condition to be borne thither-, the cbryfom bein^ fuppofed to make every place holy. This cuftom would rather ftrengthen the al- luiion to the weak condition of Falftaff. The child itfelf was fometimes called a cbryfom, as appears from the following paffage in The Fancies, 1638; u — the boy furely I ever laid was a very cbrifome in the thing you wot." Again, in 'The Wits, by Sir W. Davenanr, 1637 : " and would'it not join thy halfpenny " To fend for milk for the poor chryfdmeC Again, in fir W. Davenant's Jujl Italian, 16^0 ; " and they do awe " The chryfome babe," Again, 184 APPENDIX TO HERN E. Henry VIII. according to which the incumbents were to pay firit- fruits and tenths, the profits fuppofed to accrue from the Chryfoms were rated, and in fome cafes particularized. In the return of the rectory of Lambeth, was the following article : " Item oblationes per mulieres inquinatas, et in pannis Chrif- "■ matoriis. ijs. viiid." From the practice of burying an infant in the Chryfom, it is imagined that the word Chryfoms was printed in the weekly bills of mortality among the cafualties and difeafes, though, from the ignorance of ParilTi Clerks, or their informants, it was latterly put to denote children who died unbaptized '. The tranfition from Cryibm to Cryfomer being fo eafy and obvious, it might be concluded, that the perfons entered in Heme Regifter, were thus denominated, did not the advanced age of Arnald render this notion very questionable, there being reafon to think that, till about the year 1600, there were few, if any, of the Engliih nation who had objections to Infant Baptifm \ They were indeed fo diiTatisfied at women's being reftrained from chriftening Again, in his Albcvinc, 1629 : " Sir, I would fain depart in quiet like other young chryfimes." Again, in Tour Five Gallants, by Middleton : " a fine old man to his father, it would kill his heart i'faith : he'd away like a chryfom" Mr. Tyrwhitt adds, " In the Luurgie, 2 E. VI. Form of private Baptifm, is this direction." " Then the minifter fhall put the white vefture, commonly called ihechri- " feme, upon the child," faV. The Glojfary of Du Cange, voce Chrifmale, explains this ceremony thus : " Quippe olim ut et hodie, baptizatorum, ftatim atque chrif- " mate in fronte ungebantur, ne chrifna deflueret, capita panno candido obvolvebantur, " qui o&ava demum die ab iis auferebatur." During the time therefore of their wear- ing this vefture, the children were, I fuppofe, called chrifomes. One is regiftered under this defcription in the regifter of lhatcbam, Berks, 1605. [Hearne's Append, to the Hijlory of Glaftonbury, p. 275.] " A younge crifome being a man child, beinge found drowned, &c." J„ N. * Wheatly on the Common Prayer, p. 498. ' Some account of Dr. Wicliff, by Lewis, p. xxiii. children APPENDIX TO HERNE. 185 children in cafes of neceffity, when no clergyman was to be had immediately, " that a homily was compofed purpofely to teach " people that they need not to (land in any fcrupuloiity about the " delay of baptifm \" It is alfo obfervable, that there is no form for the baptifm of perfons of riper years in the Liturgies of either Edward VI. or of Elizabeth, and that in the rubrics and prayers of the offices of public and private baptifm in the book of Eli- zabeth, " children and infants" are the words which always occur. Unction by the Bifhop having been a branch of the ceremony of Confirmation, inclines Mr. D. to imagine, that, though the practice had been difufed, a word that had formerly a relation to it might give an appellation to confirmed perfons. I am dubious about the validity of this furmife, becaufe, at an early period of the Reformation, it was generally agreed, that the impofition of hands was confirmation, and the chrifm not practifed, as being, without any foundation in Scripture 4 ; and becaufe Confirmation' and Bifhoping were the words constantly ufed for this religious obfervance 5 . Another Chrifm was the anointing of the fick in their laft hour. In compliance with a deep-rooted prejudice of the age, by the firft Book of Common Prayer of Edward VI. anointing was al- lowed to fuch patients as defired it. And though, in the fecond Book of the fame King, and in the Liturgy of Elizabeth, this indulgence was omitted ; it is not unlikely, that many dying perfons, as well as their friends, might, not acquiefce in being deprived of what they had been taught to confider as necefTary to a tranquil and fafe pafTage out of life. 3 Strype's Annals, vol. I. p. 183. 4 Burnet's Hift. Part I. Book III. Coll. zn. * Among the expences of the Archdeacon of Lincoln, occurs : " Item in pretio Balfami quam idem Archidiaconus propnis expends annuatim ** miniftravit Epo die ccenje ad Crifma confecran..' x IT."" Mr. ftti APPENDIX TO HERN E. Mr. D's explanation is founded upon the idea that the perfons regiftered Crvfomers, v/ere Protectants ; but as Papifts were not debarred the right of being interred in the church-yards and churches of their respective parithes, might not Cryibmer have been a term by which the Papifts were characterifed r We may, at leaft, be allured, that as they were perfuaded that extreme unction would ferve as a viaticum, they would not depart 1111- anointed, if a prieft could be procured to adrninifter it ; nor, probably, was there any period, fince the Reformation, when there were not Romifh priefts in molt parts of the kingdom. It is mentioned by Mr. D. that the word often occurs in his regifter for about a century after the burial of Arnold. Poffibly, from an attention to the names of the perfons recorded, and from other local circumftances, he may be able to trace, whether the perfons fo ft vied, or their families, were Proteftants or Papifts. Should they have been Papifts, it will add fome weight to my conjecture, that, at Heme, Gryfomer was a mark ol diltindtion for the people of that perfuafion, on account of their obfervance of the rite of extreme unction. But, fo far from having it in my power to cite any authority for this opinion, 1 frankly own that the word is new to me. And this is my inducement for defiring to h ave the queftion fubmitted to the confideration of your more intelligent correfpondents, it being a little mortifying not to comprehend what one reads, though it be only an extract from the regifter of a country parifh *. Yours, &c. S, DENNE. * After all, I fhould be ftrongly inclined to imagine, that the word meant a chriftened child that died within the month; for in 1 5.67, the practice certainly was to bury fuch children in the chryfome. How chryfomer could be applicable to a child that died unbaptizcd, not a little puzzles me. In your citations from Old 3 Plays, APPENDIX TO HERN E. 187 To the foregoing Obfervations, the Editor is enabled to annex the Opinions of two other rcfpectable Antiquaries on the fame fubject. The late excellent Sir John Cullum, in a letter, dated Hard- wick-houfe, Jan. 19, 1784, fays, " The firft Prayer Book of Edward VI. fet forth in the fecond year of his reign, in the Office of Baptifm, after the child has been dipped, thus directs : * Then the god-fathers and god mothers mail take " and lay their handes upon the childe, and the minifter mall li put upon hym hys white vejlure, commonly called, the u Crifome, and fay, Take thys white vefture for a token of u the Inaocency ;* Sec. afterwards, " the minifter mall com*- 41 maunde, that the Crifomes bee broughte to the churche, u and delyvered to the prieftes, after the accuftomed manner, at u the puriflcacyon of the mother of every chylde ;" hence a child that died between its chriftening and mother's purification, plays, and in the explanatory notes, chryfome plainly refers to a baptized babe. And yet Mr. Boys feems to be firmly perfuaded, that though the word cbryfomer fo perpetually occurs in the regifters he has examined, it conftantly means a child or perlbn that had not been baptized. The number of inftances that gentleman ha* met with, adds to the difficulty. For mothers of the Church of England, 1 believe, always were (as they undoubtedly at prefent are) extremely anxious that their children mould be, as the vulgar phrafe is, half baptized, and not die without a name. In the regifters to which Mr. Boys alludes, there is not, 1 conclude, any entry of what is called the Chriftian name, nor in the regifter of chritlenings any entry of a furname, correfponding as to date, with the entry in the regifter of burials. If baptized infants who died within the month were meant, it is eafy to account for this mode of entry in the regifter of burials ; becaufe the term Cbryfomer would authenticate thofe children for whom no compofuion was to be made by the mother to the minifters for the Chryfome or Face-cloth. The names of children who died within the month, might not be entered in the regifter of chriftenings, as having been only privately baptized, and not received at the font. S. D. D d was 188 APPENDIX TO HERN E. was called a Crifom. Where Dr. Johnfon learnt, that the Crifom- cloth was lt a cloth anointed with holy Unguent, which the " children antiently wore till they were chriftened," he has not informed us. " Among the dues belonging to the vicar of St. John's, Margate, in 1 577> is," for churching a woman, but muft compound for the Face-cloatby is." upon which, Mr. Lewis, in his hiftorical notes, obferves, " the ancient duty for chriftening was a Cryfome, or the Face-cloatby that covered the child at its baptifm, if it lived; but if the child died, the minifter was to have but 2d. for baptifing [which was the woman's ofFering at her churching], and was to lofe the Face-cloath, for that was to wind the child in. By the manual in ufum Sarum, it is ordered, that godfathers and godmothers fee that the moder bring agen her Cryfoni at her purification. Hift. of Ifle of Thanet, p. 145. u In Penfhurft Regifter, between the years 1633 and 1665, the burials of feveral children occur, that are called a Crifom, a Crifom fon, a Crifom daughter, of fuch and fuch a perfon, the father only being mentioned. " Hence I fufpect that Sed Sept. 5, 1708, All mud to their cold graves, But the religious aftions of the Juft Smell fweet in death, and blotiom in the duft. 55 02 6l 15° Arms of Knowler. Argent, on a Bend between 2 cotizes Sable, a lion paffant, guardant of the field, crowned Or. Arms of Stevens. On a Cheveron 3 crofs croflets between 3 demi-lions rampant. Arms of Wbeatky. Party Fefs, 6 pales counterchanged, i, 4 and 5, charged with Lion rampant. Azure, on a mantle Or. Or, between a crofs Gules 4 blackamoors heads. Azure, 3 Saracens heads Or. Ermine, on a fefs Azure 3 mullets Or. A lion rampant, and on a chief 3 flower de luces. Between a fefs indented, 6 lozenges, 3 & 3. 3 Crefcents. Arms of Conyers. Arms of Juxton. Arms of Define. Arms of Lifter. Arms of Gillow. Arms of Foche. Arms of Monings. Arms of Gilbert. A faltire and chief Verrey. P. 75- APPENDIX TO RECULVER, &c. 193 P. 75. In the eighth volume of the Arcbseologia, p. 79. is a Letter from John Pownall, Efquire, to Mr. Douglas, containing a defcription, accompanied with an engraving, of a Roman Tile, found in September 1785, at Reculver. " I have the honour to lend you herewith," fays Mr. Pownall, " a very rude and imperfect fketch of one of the tiles which cover fome dufe, and 20I. a year, in the gift of feoffees. A farm called by the name of The Bread and Cheefe Farm, rented many years ago at 61. a year, at the beginning of this century at 1 81. and in 1785 at 32I. 10s. is ftill known by the appellation of Bread and Cheefe Land ; the rents having been originally ap- propriated to a free gift of bread and cheefe on every Eafter-day, which is thus bellowed ; to all the poorer fort a three-penny loaf of bread and nuncheen of cheefe j and to the richer, a little manchet and bit of cheefe; the remainder to be diftributed in money to the poor. The donation is fuppofed to have been made by two women* APPENDIX TO R E C U L V E R, &c. 195 women, who were twins, and joined together in their bodies, who are faid to have lived together till they were betwixt 20 and 30 years old. The eftate is in the hands of feoffees, and the bread and cheefe is diftributed by the parifh officers to all that are at church on Eafter day after divine fervice j and the Tuefday following to all perfons who pafs through the village *. 200 Loaves (each Loaf 3^1b. "1 were given on Eafter Sunday and T-uefday, 200 Weight of Cheefe J 1785. Twin Cakes (according to the clerk's account) were firft inftituted as a Hole, A. D. ion, by one Chalkhurft, or during the miniftry of a perfon of that name. R O L V E N D E N. Inscriptions on Brafs Plates in the poffefTion of John Beardsworth, Efquire, at the Hole, in the Parifh of Rolvenden, and taken from that Church. HERE RESTETH ROBERT GIBBON, SONNE AND HE1RE OF THOMAS, SONNE AND HEIRE OF GIBBON SACKFORD, LINEALLY AND LAWFULLY DESCENDED FROM THE FAMILYS OF SACKFORD- HALL IN SUFFOLKE, AND CLx\N GIBBON IN IRELAND. OBIIT xm° DIE JVNII ANN" D'NI MDCXVIII. HERE VNDERNEATH RESTETH IN ASVRED HOPE OF A JOYFVLL RESVRRECTION L1DIA, THE DEARLY BELOVED WIFE OF EDWARD CHVT OF BETHERSDEN, ESQVIRE, WHO DEPARTED THIS LIFE THE i 2 th OF NOVEMBER, ANN 5 DO'INI 1631, AGED 46. STAPLEHURST. Over the Weft Door of the Church are 3 efcutcheons, much crufted over with mofs, &c. 1 ft. On a Chevron 3 quarterly. 2d. A Lion rampant. 3d. A crofs engrailed. * See in Ducarel's " Repertory of Endowments," 8vo, p. 137, an engraving of one of the cakei. E e A SE- C 196 3 A SECOND LETTER from Mr. DENNE. SIR, June 23, 1787. A PERUSAL of the Regifler of Burials in the parilh of Maidftone, occasions my communicating to you a few more laft words concerning a Cryfomer. The regifters in this church being perhaps originally as accurate, and now as perfect, as thofe of any parochial diftridt, it was fome furprize to me not to dis- cover the term during the reign of Elizabeth, nor for feveral years after ; and the omiftion is the more extraordinary, becaufe Mr. Robert Carr, who, there is fufficient reafon to conclude, was minifter for about thirty-feven years, feems to have paid a con- ftant attention to them. Mr. Newton (fee Hiftory and Antiquities of Maidftone, p. 64.) fuppofes Mr. Carr to have been minifter or curate from the firft year of the Queen's reign to 1 602 ; but, according to the regifter, " Mr. Richard Storer, a reverend preacher and minifter of the " hoi ie Word of God, and curate of this parifli, was buried 24 tl Eliz. Dec. 4," And it appears from the Regifter, that " Robert " Carr, Matter of Arts, our reverend paftor, was buried October " 15, 1620." In his time the Regifters were tranfcribed on vellum ; not having, however, feen a lift of the church-wardens, I am not able to afcertain the date of the tranfcripts. For the firft forty years of the reign of Elizabeth, every page is fubfcribed by Robert Carr, minifter, and William Bafeden, and William Emiott, church- wardens. And, after " Finis of the fortithe yeare," there 5 are APPENDIX TO RECULVER, &e. *97 are the fame fignatures, together with thofe of two other church- wardens, Thomas Bargarve and William Henman. The pages of the following years are regularly fubfcribed by Mr. Carr, and William Lorrymer, church-warden, and the enfuing pages by Mr. Carr only. No otherwife can I account for the omiffion of a word fo frequently to be met with in other regifters, than that, when the tranferipts were made from the old regifters, or from the day-books, Mr. Carr might think it unnecefTary to per- petuate the burial of children, whofe Chriftian names are not inferted in other regifters. But whatever might be the reafon, in 162 1, is this entry, tl A Cry/an of Robert Belman's," was buried Sept. 2 1 ; and for almoft fixty years the term is to be met with under the wonted variations ; fuch as A Crifam, Crifom, Cryfom, Crifotne, Cryfome t Crifomer y Cryfomer. Inftead of A, 0?ie is often prefixed, and now and then tzvo, which being mentioned to be Cryfomer s of the fame perfon mull denote their being twins '. And in a few entries the age of the infants may, I apprehend, be deduced from this circumftance, that the burial of the mother imme- diately precedes, or follows their burial — thus — 1628. One Crifome of John Eftery, Sept. 17. Jone the wife of John Eftery., 24. 1632. One crifome of Robert Brooke, October 3. Sarah wife of Robert Brooke, 27. 1636. Sufanna, the wife of William Auften, InT One cryfome of the fame William Auften, J 1 1626. Two crifomes of Thomas Dons, Feb. 22. 1636. Two cryfomes of Chriftopher Belfon, March 21. 1658. A crifome, fori of Richard Blundell, March 9. Another crifome, fon of Richard Blundell, March 17. 1659. Crifomes, fon and daughter of Thomas Smeething, Jan. 2. E e 2 1641. io8 APPENDIX TO RECULVER, k 164.1. Urfula, wife of William Brideeman, "] „ c t- r « "• j Sept. 24. One cryiome 01 the lame Bridgeman, J 1655. A crifome, foil of Richard Pierfon, April 7. Judith, wife of Richard Pierfon, April 1 1. The prefumption is, that the mothers of thefe cryfomers died in childbirth. If the cryfomer was bafe-born % this was noticed ; and to the mother's name is fometimes added that of the reputed father 3 . Whether the cryfomer were a fon or a daughter is not fpecified till 1554, when we meet with ' a cryfome, fon of Edward GofFe, April 25.' Afterwards the fex of the deceafed is commonly di- itinguifhed, as is likewife the trade, or rank of the father 4 ; and the place of abode, if the father was not an inhabitant of Maid- itone 5 . Except in one inftance the Chriftian name of the cry- * In the regifter of Hinckley in Leicefterfhire, in 15S3, this entry occurs : " Agnes filia Bartholomrei Iley fornicatoris, bapt. 26 Jan." 3 1627. One cryfome bafe of Rebakca Dunning, March 16. 1635. One cryfome of Ann King, the reputed father Stephen Auften, March 30. 1639- One bafe crifome of Elizabeth Auft, April 3. 1655. A crifome, fon of Sufan Owen, widow-, the reputed father Thomas Matthew, Hair-dreffer, bafe, May 3. 1658. A crifome, fon of Alice Knowle, prifoner in Bridewell, Dec. 4 1651. A crifome of John Cary, Hatter, Nov. 1653. A crifome of John Carter, Barber, Nov. 25. A crifome of John Goare, Threadtwifter, Feb. 24. 1654. A. crifome, fon of John Rolfe, Labourer, Sept. 8. A crifome, fon of George Longley, Bafket-maker, July A crifome, fon of William Smith, Swingler, October 5. 16; 7. A crifome, fon of Mr. Richard Bills, Jurate, October 21. 5 ' 1627. One cryfom of Thomas Mylles, of Gillingham, Oct. 2. 1640. One crifomer of Thomas Lake, London, Sept. 13. 1639. One cryfom of James Fowle of Tunbridge, Sept. 14. 1654. A crifome, fon of William Heely, of Hedcorne, Jan. A crifome daughter of Francis Spratt of Rochefter, May fomer APPENDIX TO RECULVEP, &c. 199 fomer did not occur to me, and that fo late as 1658. Theophilus Tilman, the cryfome fon of Chriifopher Tilman, Sept. 28. The following table 6 will (hew, that after the fufpenfion, by the parliamentary commiffioners in 1643, of Mr. Robert Barrell, who was the fuccefTor to Mr. Carr in this curacy, the term is more frequently to be met with than in the foregoing years ; and it ought to be obferved, to the credit of the perfon who was the regiiter in thofe days of confulion, that he appears to have dif- charged the office with exadlnefs 7 . After the Reitoration the term was difcontinucd ; and in 1661 are thefe entries. May 4. Robert GifFord, labourer, had two children buried which were not baptized. 7. George Bills, Wheeler, had a child buried, not baptized. From which may it not be inferred, that, not being baptized, they were not allowed to have any pretenfion to the appellation of C ry fomer s r S. Denne b 1622 3 1634 1 1 1646 10 1623 3 16.55 8 1647 16 1624 2 1636 7 164S '5 1625 4 1637 6 1649 12 1626 7 1638 10 1650 14 1627 8 1639 9 1651 17 1628 9 1640 10 1652 17 1629 5 1641 14 1653 6 1630 7 \ba,% 7 1654 1 1 1631 4 1643 1 2 * 6 55 16 1632 9 1644 r 3 1656 8 «s* 1633 5 i 6 45 17 1657 12 7 His appointment is entered in the Regifler of Burials, and is as follows ; "The 29th of September, 1653." " Henry Pierce, of the towne of Maidftone, in the countie of Kent, being chofen fay the parilhioners to bee Regiiter for the faid towne and parifh, was this day fwome before me John Saunders, Maior of the fame towne and parifh, and Juflice of peace there, and I doe approve of him to be Regifter, according to an aft of this prefent parliament, intituled, an Aft touching marriages and regithing thereof, and alio touching births and burials." Obfer- t 200 ] Obfervations on the Archiepifcopal Palace of Mayfield, in Suflex, in a Letter from Mr. D E N N E. IT was the wifh of Mr. Stephen Vine, an ingenious corre- fpondent in the Gentleman's Magazine *, to receive a fuller account of Mayfield Palace than he has favoured the publick with. Not much intelligence concerning this venerable manfion can now probably be obtained ; but to the little I have collected relative to it, and to occurrences in that diftrict before the alienation of the manor from the fee of Canterbury, he is welcome ; as are likewife thofe readers who find any amufement from a fubjecT: of this kind, which to be fure is not very interefting, or enliven- ing to the uninitiated in the fecret of antiquarian free-mafonry. No proof direct can, I fufpecl:, be produced of the time when the Archbifhops firft became poiTefTed of Mayfield. Among the donations of manors and lands to Chrift-church, Canterbury, printed in the Appendix to Somner's Antiquities, N° xxxvi. are the following articles in Suflex. Anno Domini dclxxx, Pageham, with its appendages, Slindon, Scrippaneg, Cereum, Bucgrenora, Beorghamftede, Chrif- meamme, North Mundanham, and another Mundanham, given by king Cedwall to Archbifhop Wilfric A. D. dcccxxxviii. A reftoration by Ecgbert and king Athel- wolf, his fon, of Mailing, which Baldric had given, but the donation invalid, becaufe the nobles had not confented to it. ' * Vol. XLVI. p. 464. A. D. MAYFIELD PALACE. 201 A. D. dccccxli. The village of Terrings near the Sea, given by king Athelftan. May field being at a greater diftance from both Pageham and Terrings than from Mailing, it is more likely to have been a parcel of Mailing, than an appendage to either of the other two manors : weight is added to this furmife from its being one of the ten parilhes within the peculiar deanry of South-Mailing; and though the archbifhops of Canterbury have long been de- prived of the manor, they are ftill patrons of the vicarage of Mayfield, and of fix of the other parilhes. In the time of Archbifhop Dunftan, Mayfield was made pa- rochial, it being recorded of him by Edmer, that he there built a church of wood, as he did in others of his villages remote from Canterbury, where he had places of abode, and which he difpofed at convenient diftances. {Idem pater a Cantuaria in remot lores villas facts opportunis fpaiiis difponens, apudMagavclianty Jicut in aliis hojpitiorum fuorum locis, ligneam ecclejiam fabricavit. Eadmerus de vita S. Dunftani, Sec. Anglia Sacra, v. II. p. 217. Mr. Vine, by confuting Domefday Book, may be informed of the ftate of this manor when that furvey was taken. Mayfield continued in the fee of Canterbury till Archbifhop Cranmer, averfe as he was to diminifli the revenues of it, judged it expedient, or rather found it neceflary, to relinquiih this manor, with other eftates, to his arbitrary and rapacious fovereign. The alienation was dated November 12, 27 Henry VIII. ' A kind of compenfation was promifed, but none obtained before Augufi 31:, 1547, when Edward VI. in confideration of his father's promifes, and in performance of his lait will, and for the exchange of the manor and park of Mayfield, &c. \ Battely Cantuar. Sacr. p. 56. granted 20^ MAYFIELD PALACE. granted to Thomas Archbifhop of Canterbury the rectories of Whalley, BLwkborn, and Rochdale, Sec. \ The number of inftruments dated at Mayfield, which are extant, mew that the archbiihops frequently reforted to that place. In Wilkins's Concil. Mag. Britan. many are inferted that were ifTued by Peckham, Winchelfey, Mepeham. Iflip, Langham, Sudbury, and Courtney. Due of .them is intituled Concilium Maghfeldenfe, 13 Aug. 1332, in which is recited the conftitution of Mepeham concerning holydays and feftivals, voL II, p. 565. And another in 1368 (4 non. Jul.) contains a prohibition of Langham again ft holding a market in the Ifle of Shepey on the LordVday, v. III. p. 73. Iflip was at Mayfield the greater part of the fumrner, in the firir. year of his primacy ; for there are in Wilkins ten inftruments executed by him in the months of May, July, Auguft, and September, 1350. The firft was an injunction to Capellans, to ferve cures for moderate ftipends ; the fecend for fettling the ftipends of Capellans ; the third, an order ilTued in obedience to the king's commands to offer up public prayers for fuccefs againil the Spanifh fleet. The other feven inftruments relate to the memorable controverfy between the univerfity. of Oxford and Bifliop Syn well of Lincoln, who had refufed to confirm their election of William de Palmorna to be their chancellor. Though the conftitutions for the eftablifhment and govern- ment of Canterbury-hall, founded in Oxford by Iflip, which are printed in Wilkins, under the year 1362, do not fpecify either time or place, they were probably drawn up by him before his removal from Mayfield, after his paralytic attack, becaufe it is certain that he there executed the charter of foundation, and the 1 Strype's Ecclef. Memor. v. ii. p. 76. grant MAYFIELD PALACF. 2 o 3 grant to the Society of the manor of Woodford in Northampton- fhire ', on the 6 Id. of April, 1363. He was alio refident on Dec. 9, when he collated Wicliffe to the wardenlhip *. Bifhop Godwin has advanced, and he has been followed by Battely, that Iflip appropriated to Canterbury-hall the rectories of Pagham and May field. His authority for this fuggeftion does not appear. Stephen de Birchington, whom he has cited for other fails, fays, that the Archbifhop had determined to appro- ' Mr. Battely * has fallen into an error, in dating EfTex for the county in which Wodeford was fitnated ; and I am fufpicious there is an inaccuracy in his account of the Archbifhop's having purchafed of his nephew William Iflip this manor, which he gave to Canterbury Hall. In the charter of Foundation, the Archbifhop only fays, that he procured the manor of Wodeford belonging to his nephew to be afligned to the college {inanerium ad ptrdiledum nepotem ncjhum Wilklmum de ljlcp, fpecians eldem colhgio proairavimus ajj'ignari) ; and 1 am rather inclined to believe, that, in order to elude the ftatutes of mortmain, the Archbifhop might, as was a very common practice, have conveyed the manor to his nephew in trull:, and that, in puifuance of this truft, William palled it to the college. The charter is dated April 13, 1363, the confirmation of the grant by William de Iflip not till the 4th of June. It may alio be remarked, that the manor of Wodeford is not inferted in the licence of mortmain from Edward III. To the Archbifhop's granting to his in- tended college a parfonage belonging to the fee of Canterbury the King might have no objection, though he might have difapproved of his alienating in mortmain a manor that was not an ecclefiaftical pofleffion. Wodeford manor is not noticed, either in the mandate of Pope Urban to execute the fentence of his legate con- firming Archbifhop Langham's ejection of Wicliffe, and the three fecular fellows appoin:ed by the founder, or in the royal pardon to the prior and the convent of Chrilt Church, for having violated by this adjudication the licence of mortmain ; a favour they obtained from the King about two years after, on their paying a fine of two hundred marks f. Bifhop Tanner, in Biblioth. Britan. p. 447, fays, that Archbifhop Iflip was of the county of Oxford ; inferring this, as I i'uppofe, from his being called Simon de Ifiip. He might, however, acquire this furname becaufe he was a native of Iflip, in Northamptonfhire. That the family were connected with this county is plain, from their being poffefTed of the manor of Wodeford, which is not far from Iflip. 1 Lewis's Life of Wicliffe, p. 238. 240. * See Cantuar. Sacr. p. 107, •{• Lewis's Life of Wicliffe, p. 2411 246. F f priate zai MAYFIELD PALACE, priate the churches of Pageham and Ivechurche for the fupport of his new foundation, but that he was prevented by death. Ecclefias de Pagebam et de Ivecburche pro Jud fujlentatione appro- priori deer evil. Sed morle praventus^ bujufmodi opus imperjeclum reliqnit. Ang. Sac. ii. p. 46. This might be true as to Ivechurch,. but Pageham is mentioned in the licence of mortmain granted by king Edward III. 0£t. 20, 1361, and the members of Can- terbury-hall were for fome time pofTefTed of it. However, , during the litigation which enfued upon the difplacing of Wic- liffe from the wardenfhip, Archbilhop Langham fufpended the revenues of this paribnage. It is obfervable that Pageham does not occur in the charter of foundation ' ; and a fubfequent con- veyance of it, if not confirmed by the prior and the chapter of Chrift-chur:h, Canterbury, would not be valid. Pollibly it might be owing to fome fuch defect in the title, that Pageham parfonage was not ever fully vefted in Canterbury College ; it; is certainly mentioned as being annexed to that manor when alienated by Cranmer \ With regard to Mayfield rectory, Bifhop Tanner 3 has referred ' to a deed of Archbilhop Stephen (Langton), by which the church of Maghfeld was granted for the endowment of a fifth prebend • in the church of South Mailing ; but I have my doubts whether that eftablifhment took place, becaufe one of the charitable deeds recorded of Archbifhop Winchelfey is, his having given to the poor of Mayfield, and to other indigent perfons, all the profits 1 In the archives of the church of Canterbury is an infttument confirming the. appropriation of Pageham to Canterbury College, with the Bull of Pope Urban concerning the fame. Cantuaria Sacra, p. 107. * Cantuar. Sacra, p. 64. 3 Notit. Monaft. p. 549. Of MAYFIELD PALACE, 205 of that rectory then appropriated to his fee •, except what was referved for the repair of the houfe and church 2 . Mayfield is alfo entered in a valuation of the ipiritualities of the Arch- bifliopric of Canterbury in 1426 3 . And, as before obferved of Pageham, the retfory of Mayfield was granted by Granmer to Henry VIII. as an appendage to the manor, though reftored, if, as mentioned by Ecton, the Archbifliop is the impropriator. The legendary compiler of the miracles faid to have been wrought by Archbifliop Winchelfey after his death, and which, in the opinion of his zealous and fuperflitious friends, entitled him to canonization, has recorded the cure of William Andrew of Mayfield, who had been totally blind upwards of three years. It was effected by his wife's bringing him to the tomb of that prelate; and, left a doubt fliould be entertained of its authenticity, it is related not merely upon the common fame of perfons in and near Canterbury, but attefted by the oaths of the wife, of Peter Poteman, a cook, and of others, who were convinced of the fact by true and probable experiments 4 „ In Wilkins are two initruments figned by Archbifliop Court- ney at Mayfield. The latter in 1391, May 14, is an inhibition to the clergy of all denominations, not to hear, nor encourage the preachings of William Skynderby, of the diocefe of Lincoln, an heretick convicted, and who, after having abjured his erro- neous doctrines, relapfed 5 . The former, in 1385, Sept. ult. 1 " Ecclefia de Maghefeid in Dccanatu de Southmalling lx lb." A fum fo high as to render it doubtful whether it did not include other fpiritualties which the Archbifliop had in that deanry. He had the appropriation of the rectory of Wadhurft. Edtoa, Lib. Val. John Kirby, clerk, was patron and incumbent in 1780. BacoD, Liber Regis. 1 Wilkins, Concil. v. II. p. 489. 3 Cantuar. Sacr. Supplem. N° xi. a. 4 Wilkins, v. II. p. 438. Id. III. p. 215. F f x relate? 5 c6 MAYFIELD PALACE. relates to a matter which the prelate, from his manner of ex- ureffing himfelf, probably judged to be of high importance, however trifling and ludicrous the fubject may appear to us. When the Archhifhop was making a metropolitical visitation, the abbot and the convent of the canons of St. Auftin, in Briftol, complained that their habit, being white, was much foiled and otherwife damaged by the dirt and greafe of the black leather boots which they were obliged to wear by a rule of their efl-ablilh- ment. In order therefore to obviate this indecorum, his grace was pleafed to grant them a licence to ufe, within the precincts of their monaftery, ftockings, or hofe, of cloth of a black or brown colour, fo that the price of it did not exceed twenty pence a yard. But, left fuch an indulgence ihould afford an cccaiion for their growing luxurious and finical, when they went abroad they were to appear in boots, and not in ftockings without the fpecial leave of their abbot T . No entries occur in Wilkin s of deeds executed at Mayfield by either of the archbifhops Mepeham or Stratford. But, as ob- ferved by Mr. Vine, Mepeham died therein 1333, Oct. 12;; and Stratford, Auguft 23, 1348. According to Birchington % Stratford was at Maidftone when taken with the fevere illnefs that proved fatal to him, and not at Mayfield, as mentioned by Godwin. Finding, however, that he daily declined, he was by fhort ftages removed to Mayfield, where he made his will ; and was indeed nearly his own executor, by diftributing to his do- meftics their refpective legacies. Probably a grateful remem- brance of his charitable donations long prevailed at Mayfield, as it was his practice to give with his own hands, three times every * Wilkins, V. III. p. 193. a Birchington, Ang. Sac. ii. p. 41* 5 day. MAYFIELD PALACE. 207 day, money or provifions to thirteen poor perfons in different clafTes. To each of the thirteen, in the morning and evening, a penny and a loaf of bread, and at noon a loaf of white bread, a pottle of ale, with broth, and a good plate of fifh or flefh. Dr. Harris ' has related, that archbifhop I flip, whilft at his palace at Mayfield. was feized with a fit of the palfy, which Joon carried him off; joon I fnppofe to be a tranflation of the words paulo pojl in Godwin, from which book the Doctor's memoirs of the archbifhops of Canterbury feem to have been principally drawn. But it conveys an idea of a more fpeedy departure of Iflip than was really the cafe. For it appears from Birch- ington 2 , that the Archbifhop furvived the paralytic ftroke above three years. The account he gives is, that about the end of January, 1362, when Iflip was travelling from Otteford towards Mayfield, between Sevenok and Tonebregg, he had a fall from his horfe in a miry and water- place, by which he was thoroughly wet, or, as Birchington's expreflion is, Adeo quod ipfe quam fub equo, quam del uper fuerat penitus madefatlus ; that he not only proceeded in his journey, but alio on his arrival at Mayfield, went to deep in a certain /lone chamber, without changing his cloaths, the coniequence of which was a ftroke of the palfy after he had dined, which rendered him aim oft incapable of utterance ; that he continued at Mayfield till the beginning of July, when he was removed, with eafe to himfelf in a horfe- litter, to Charing ; that he paffed fome time at Canterbury and Charing alternately ; and in Auguit returned to Mayfield, where he ltayed a year and- half; but at length he died at Mayfield, on the morrow of St, Mark, 1366. ' Hiftory of Kent, p. 549.. ■ Ang, Sac. v. I. p. 46.. There: eoS MAYFIELD PALACE, There was a park at Mayfield when granted to Henry by Cranmer, and a mark of fuch an inclofure is delineated in the maps of SulFex, publifhed by Speed, and in Bifhop Gibfon's edition of Camden's Britannia, though perhaps no veftiges of it may be now difcernible. The archiepifcopal manors of Slynden in that county, and of Saltwood ', Otteford, and Aldyngton, in Kent, had alfo parks appertaining to them, and to the laft was annexed a chafe for deer. Suppofing all thefe parks to have been ftocked with deer, Iflip, in felling to the Earl of Arundel an antient claim appendant to Slynden manor of twenty-fix deer out of the Earl's foreft, was no otherwife blameable than that he applied, as it is infinuated, fhe money to his private ufe. Thefe deer, or ftags, were to be delivered half-yearly, thirteen in the fat feafon " in tempore pinguedinis'' and thirteen " in tem- pore deffermefoun %" a word not noticed in any dictionary that I have met with K Bilhop Fleetwood in Chronicon Preciofum, has fpecified the prices of oxen, fheep, hogs, Sec. at this period; but as deer were not fo openly fold in the 14th as they are in the 1 8th century, the relative value of them cannot be fo clearly afcertained. As the Earl, however, paid cclx marks fterling to difcharge his eftate from this venifon rent, the purchafe of the fee-limple of it may, on an average, be eftimated at the rate of fomething more than fix pounds and two millings per head, which is faid to he under the price that a London dealer will give for a fat buck. How great caufe Arch- bifhop Parker had to regret the alienation of parks, and of fuch a number of deer from the fee payable in kind, as it inclined a friend to believe that even fodden venifon might be an acceptable J Saltwood was well ftored with deere. Philipott. Villar. Cant. p. 298. s Birchington, in Ang. Sac. I. p. 45. 3 It is probably fence month. Terns de fermefoun, time of fliutting up. prefent MAYFIELD PALACE. 205, prefent to his grace, appears by a curious letter from Robert Duddeley to him, remaining in his collection of MSS. in Bennet College Library, and published in the Antiquarian Repertory, v. II. p. 166. For in this letter Mr. Duddeley acquaints the Archbiihop with his having, fent to him by the Queen's command a great and fat flag, killed indeed with the Queen's own hand; but which, " becaufe the wether was woght, and the dere fome- u what chafed, and daungerous to be caryed fo farre w'owt fome- " heipe he had caufed him to be parboyled in this fort for the beft u prefervation of him." According to Mr. Vine's reprefentation ', Mayfield-houfe muff - ,, in its profperity, have been a fpacious ftone fabric. If Dunftan was the firft edifler of a houfe here (and that he was may be inferred from the pafTage before cited from Eadmer's life of that prelate), it may be prefumed that it was in his time only a wooden building, as he would hardly have erected a church with lefs durable materials than what he employed for his own- dwelling. The defcription of the aparment (in quadam lapidea- camera) in which Iflip unwarily repofed himfelf after his ride from Otford, implies that a part only of the houfe was then built with ftone. Whether the age of the prefent ruins can be deduced from the ityle of architecture is fubmitted to the con- * " It was in a much mere perfeft ftate," fays Mr. Vine in 1776, " about forty or fifty years ago, when the roof and floors were taken down, and a great deal of ftone and other materials put to other ules ; but the lof y ftone arches which fup- p.ortcd the ioof are ftill left ftanding, not with any intention of fhewing to pofterity its amient grandeur, but becaufe the materials were judged inadequate in value to the expence and danger of throwing them down. The eaft end is now, and has been for many years, converted into a farm-houle ; and on a ftone mantle of one of the chamber chimneys is this date, 1371. In this houfe is kept for a (how what they call Dunftan's tongs, anvil, and hammer, which appear to have been forged long fince Dunftan'a time." iideratioii *io MAYFIELD PALACE. fideration of Mr. Urban's correfpondent, who has fo often furveycd them; and I beg leave to add, that the noble arches, which he fays are hull remaining, feem to merit a copper plate r . If the figures 1371, infculped on a chimney-piece, denote the year of its being originally put up in the houfe, it muft have been done by the direction of Archbifhop Wittlefey, who was Iflip's nephew, and who, after an interval of little more than two years, was his fuccefibr in the fee of Canterbury. As Iflip unquestionably relided much at May field, it is likely that he erected fome, and might intend to build other commodious ad- ditional apartments, which, from a regard to his uncle's memory, Wittlefey might be the more folicitous to compleat. It was indeed requisite and juft, that I flip, or his reprefentatives, ihould ex- pend very confiderable fums in repairing and improving the buildings of the fee; he having recovered from the brother of Archbiihop UfFord 1 100L 2 for dilapidations, and having obtained from the Pope a bull to levy upon the clergy of his province, after the rate of four-pence in the mark towards the fupport or. his charges, but under which, by a colluiion, a tenth was ex- torted from the clergy of his dioceie \ It is alfo related of lllip, that he committed a greater waite of timber in the Dourdennes in the Weald of Kent, than had been done by any of his pre- deceflbrs. Birchington mentions his having nobly repaired the f Two views of them are here annexed (fee plates XIV. XV.) from the Supple* merit to Mr. Grofe's Antiquities. And fee p, 212, 213. * So Godwin de Prasful. p. 113. 1000 marks. Birchington, Ang. Sac. I. p. 43: According to Godwin, the whole of this money was expended in repairing the palace at Canterbury ; bur, qu. as the fum recovered was for the dilapidations of all the houfes. Palatium Cantuarienfe, receptis — pro deftrudtionibus domorum milk marcis % fecit nobiliter reparari. — Barchingtcn. 3 Cantuar. Sacr. p. 73, palace 00, p A MATFIELD PALACE. Z ti palace at Canterbury ', and his finifhing the houfe at Maidftonc, which Ufford had begun to build, making there a new chamber. That he fhould therefore pay almoit an equal attention, to his houfe at May field, which was a favourite villa, is a very probable fuppoiitijn. S. DENNE» Further Particulars of MAY FIELD PALACE ;. from the Supplement to GROSE's Antiquities. IN 1332, a provincial council 'was affembled here; and a confutation paffed relating to holidays, their number, and the obfervance of them; and in 1362, another was held here on the fame fubje»5t. In 1259, Archbifhop Boniface obtained a charter from Henry III., for a market and fair to be held here ; and in 1382 Archbilhop- Courtney obtained from Richard II. a grant of a market and two fairs; or perhaps rather a comfirmation of the former charter.. In 1389, a great fire happened here, which confumed. the church and almoff all the town. The manor and manfion was granted by Archbilhop Cranmer in 1525 to King Henry VIII. who gave it in the fame year to Sir Edmund Worth, by whom it was fhortly after alienated to Sir Thomas Grefham ; who had the Honour of entertaining Queen Elizabeth in this manfion in her Kentilh progrefs of 1573. A large room in the habitable part of the building, itill retains- the appellation of " Queen Elizabeth's room." In the Life of Sir Thomas Grefham, in the Biographia Britannica, are the follow- ing particulars refpecting the furniture of the manfion : 4C But *' his chief feat (meaning Sir Thomas Grefham's) feems to have " been at Mayghfield in Suflex, one room of which was called " the Queen's chamber, and the goods and chattels belonging to> " it, were eftimated at feven thoufand five hundred and fifty— 1 Hift. fc Antlq. of Rochefter, p. 36. Biblioth* Topogr. Rritann. N» VI. P. L p. Z2. VVilkins's Concil. v. 11. p. 253. G g '*■ three ti2 MAYFIELD PALACE. <* three pounds, ten ihillings and eight-pence." This eftimate, from an original note, appears to have been extracted from Sir Thomas Greiham's Journal in mahuTcri.pt. Whether the goods of the Queen's chamber only, or thofe of the whole manfion, were here eftimated, is not clearly expreffed ; but probably the latter; and a very confiderable fum it was, especially in thofe days. The man xion was bequeathed by Sir Thomas Gieiham to Sir Henry Nevil, who fold it to Thomas Bray, of Burwafh, efq; whofe widow difpofed of it to John Baker, efq; to the widow of one of whole defcendants it ftill belongs for life. The manor is the property of Mr. Pelham. The remains of this antient manfion are very confiderable ; the great hall retaining its. magnificence even in ruins. The infide of it in the prefent ftate is fhewn in plate XVI. It is 68 feet long, 38 broad, and in height fully proportionable ; its roof was taken off within the memory of perfons now or lately living. The crofs arches are, however, ftill remaining, and give it a moft venerable and picturefque appearance. The part appearing like a Gothic door or arch, near the centre of the upper end of the room, is the back part of the archiepifcopal chair of ftate ; and confifts of a number of little fquares, each containing a rofe, elegantly carved. Near the top are what feem to be traces of a Gothic canopy with which it was covered; over it is a niche, fuppofed to have either contained, or been intended for, a ftatue. The window near it, over the doors belonged to the Archbifhop's chamber ; whence he could fee what was palling in the hall without being prefent ; a common circumftance in many of the ancient manlions. The gate-houfe and porter's lodge remain entire; and there appears to have been a covered way from the manfion to the church-yard. END OF NUMBER XLV. BIBLIOTHECA TOPOGRAPHXCA BRITANNICA N° XXX. CONTAINING The Hiftory and Antiquities of the Three Archiepiscopal Hospitals, and other charitable Foundations, at and near Canterbury. By Mr. DUNCOMBE, and the late Mr. B ATT ELY. ] Price Ten Shillings and Six Pence. ] MONG the various Labours of Literary Men, there have always been certain Fragments whofe Size could not fecure them a general Exemption from the Wreck of Time, which their intrinfic Merit entitled them to furvive ; but, having been gathered up by the Curious, or thrown into Mifcellaneous Collections by Bookfellers, they have been recalled into Exiftence, and by uniting together have defended themielves from Oblivion. Original Pieces have been called in to their Aid, and formed a Phalanx that might withftand every Attack from the Critic to the Cheefemonger, and contributed to the Ornament as well as Value of Libraries. With a fimilar view it is here intended to preient the Publick with fome valuable Articles of British Topography, from printed Books and MSS. One Part of this Collection will confilt of Re-publications of fcarce and va- rious Tracts ; another of fuch MS. Papers as the Editors are already pofleffed of, or may receive from their Friends. It is therefore propofed to publifh a Number occafionally, not confined to the fame Price or Quantity of Sheets, nor always adorned with Cuts ; but paged in fuch a Manner, that the general Articles, or thofe belonging to the refpective Counties, may form a feparate Succeffion, if there mould be enough publimed, to bind in fuitable Clafies ; and each Tract will be completed in a fingle Number. Into this Collection all Communications confident with the Plan will be received with Thanks. And as no Correfpondent will be denied the Privilege of controverting the Opinions of another, fo none will be denied Admittance without a fair and impartial Realbn. V* This Number contains Ten Plates, to be thus placed. Plate I. St. Nicholas Hofpital, Harbledown to face p. 173 II. St. John's Hofpital P- '9 1 III. Seals of Harbledown and St. John's P- ^93 IV. Old Bowl at Harbledown P- 1 80 V. Eaitbridge Hofpital P- 297 VI. Seal of Eaftbridge Hofpital, &c. P- 4°o VII. View of King's Bridge P- ^99 VIII. Sr. Gregory's Priory, &c. P- 4*» IX. St. Sepulchre's Nunnery, &c. P- 4 2 5 X. Seals of St. Gregory's Priory, Maynard's Spital, kc. p. 449 T M I . ,1 I S T O R Y and A N T I Q^U I T I E S O F T II E Three Archiepiscopal Hospitals At and near C A N T E R B U R Y ; v i z. St. NICHOLAS, at Harbledown; St. J O H N's, North gate; And St. THOMAS, of Easteridgi. with some Account of The Priory of St. Gregory, the Nunnery of St. Sepulchre, the Hofpitals of St. James and St. Lawrence, and Maynard's Spittle. By JOHN D U N G O M B E, M. A. Vicar of Herne, and Matter of the Hofpitals of St. Nicholas and St. John; and the late NICHOLAS BATTELY, M. A. Vicar of Beaksbourn, and Editor of Somner's Antiquities of Canterbury. Juvat antiquos accedcre fonies, sltque haurire LONDON, PRINTED BY AND FOR J. N I C II O L S, PRINTER TO THE SOCIETY OF ANT 1 Q. U ARIES. IMDCCLXXXV. y T O THE MOST REVEREND FATHER IN GOD, O H N, BY DIVINE PROVIDENCE, Lord Archbishop of C A N T E R B U R Y, &c. PATRON OF THE HOSPITALS OF ST. NICHOLAS, ST. JOHN, akd ST. THOMAS, THE FOLLOWING HISTORY O F THOSE ANCIENT FOUNDATION'S, COLLECTED CHIEFLY FROM THEIR OWN ARCHIVES, IS, WITH GREAT ESTEEM AND RESPECT, INSCRIBED, BY HIS GRACE'S OBLIGED AND DUTIFUL SERVANT, J. D U N C O M B E. s C '73 ] H E R B A L D O W N. THE hofpital of Herbaldown, that is, " the pafture-down. or the down of herbage or tillage*:," (commonly called Harble- down), about a mile from the Weft gate of Canterbury, is dedicated to St. Nicholas, and was anciently lituated in the Elean-vvood, of which king Henry I. in one of their moll ancient charters t, al- lowed the hofpitallers to "grub and clear away ten perches of wood on all fides." It was fo Ityled, as Mr. Somner with reaibii fup- pofes, " to diftinguifh it from the neighbouring hills, or downs, " as yet continuing wild or woody." It was built, as was St. John's, by archbifliop Lan franc, about the year 1084, and was originally intended for a lazar-houfe, of which there were two others near Canterbury, St, James's!, and St. Lau- rence's ||, both, like this, without the city, from which all le- prous perfons were excluded. Inftead of lands, he endowed each hofpital with 70/. per annum, payable out of his manors of Re- culver and Houghton under Blean, to which archbifliop Richard, Becket's immediate fucceffor, about n 80, added 20/. more, payable out of the rectory of Reculver § : which 160 /.or 240 marks (80/. to each) remained unaltered till the time of * Somner 's Antiquities of Canterbury, p. 46. The fpot where this hofpital is fituated has been remarked as peculiarly heahhrul ; and it is well known that her- balifts come regularly every year to colleft medicinal plants that grow only on this particular fpot. -f- See p. 204. J Or St. Jacob's, founded before 1 188, fuppreffed in 1551. |j Founded in 1137 by Hugh the Second, abbot of St. Auguftine's, fer the re- ception of the leprous of that abbey; fupprefled in 1557. On the fite-of this now Hands a manfion-houfe, the property of viicount Dudley, let to Mrs. Bridges. Sr. James's was public. The frequency of the leproly (fo called) in thofe times, and its unfrequency in thefe, deferve invefligation. § See p. 208. This chaiter is iiiferted in the Hiftory of Reculver, p, 129. B b arch- :;-4 A N T I Q^U I T IE S IN KENT. archbifiiop Kilwardby, who withdrew their ftipend,, and infteacl of it appropriated to them his parfonage of Reculver, with the chapels annexed*. But a tithery, and that fo remote, being very inconvenient to fuch infirm and diieafed people, his immediate fucceffor, archbifhop Peckham, revoked this grant, and reftored the hofpitals to their former ftatet. And this was confirmed by Edward I. in 1291J. Archbifiiop Winchelfey, in 1298, gave them a body of ftatutes ||, the firft they had. But, having no written endowment, they were obliged, at the acceffion of every archbifiiop, to petition for the continuance of this cuftomary allowance. At length, the parfonage of Reculver being held in capite of the king, Edward III. by his charter §, at the defire of archbifhop Stratford, appropriated it to the archbiihop's table, charged with the ancient ftipend above-mentioned, which was afterwards lecured to them by his fucceffor archbifhop Iflip in a written charter**, 1355* confirmed by the prior and convent of Chrift-church, by which, with very little interruption, it has. been ever fihce peaceably enjoyed ft. This was equally divided between the two hofpitals, and was at that time a moft liberal provifion, but, from the gradual decreafe of the value of money, It is now reduced to a very (lender ftipend. It, however, was very fortunate for them that Lanfranc did not endow them with lands, as he did his other foundation of St. Gregory; for their efcape at the general ftippreffion feems owing to their having no lands of value fufficient to tempt the rapacity of Henry YIIFs courtiers. At different times their revenue has been * One cannot but obferve, ift, how very large this endowment was fo many hun» tired years ago ; and sdly, that it feems unaccountable, confidering its prefent value, how the manor, or reftory, of Reculver could be adequate to fuch an expence, though much of it, we know, has been fvallowed up by thefea. t Seethe Hiftory of Reculver, p. 131. \ Ibid. [| See p. 2 14. % See this alfo in the Hiftory of Reculver, p. 141. ** Ibid. p. 148. - Mrs. Somner's fuccefsful application for the continuance of their penfion lie laff century is mentioned, p. 202 3 . augmented HERBALDOWN. *73 augmented by feveral other donations, fome of which have been made to both hofpitals conjointly, fome to one alone. Tlv do not appear to have been any other ftatutcs previous to the time of archbifhop Parker, who gave them, Sept. 15, 1560, the book of itatutes by which both hofpitals are at prefent go- verned, to which he made additions Aug. 20, 1565, and May 20, 15.7.4*. Some additions have alfo been occafionally made by his fucceifors, particularly archbifhops Whitgift, Laud, and San- croft t, as it feems to be in the power of any archbifhop to make what alterations he may think proper in their number, govern- ment, or maintenance. Among the ancient fecular 'benefactors to Herbaldown, Somner mentions Eilgar of Bourne, and John of Tonford, two neigh- bouring gentlemen ; but the principal was king Henry II. (not IIL as he fuppofes) who gave it 20 marks a year out of his fee -farm rents in the city of Canterbury J, a large fum too at that time, which continues to be paid to this day by the chamberlain in half- yearly payments of 61. 13 J-, q.d. each. Total 13/. 6 s. 3d. Nothing remarkable is recorded of this hofpital till it is thus introduced by Erafmus in his Peregrinatio Religionis ergo^ 15 10. " og. In the road to London, not far from Canterbury, •*' is a way extremely hollow, as well as narrow, and alfo ileep, " the bank being on each fide fo craggy that there is no efcaping ; " nor can it by any means be avoided. On the left fide of that " road is an alms-houfe (mendicabulum) -of fome old men; one of *' whom runs out as foon as they perceive a horfeman approach- " ing, and after fprinkling him with holy-w r ater, offers him the " upper-leather of a fhoe bound with brafs, in which a piece " of glafs is fet like a gem. This is kiffed, and money given " him. me. I had rather have an alms-houfe of old men u on fuch a road than a troop of fturdy robbers, og. As Gra- " tian§ rode on my left hand, nearer to the alms-houfe, he was * See p. 219. f All thefe may be feen in the Appendix, pp. 220 — 225. .1. See Appendix, p. 205. § Dr. John Colet, dean of St. Paul's, 1505 — 19. B b 2 « fprinkled ;~6 A N T I Q^U ITIES IN KENT. " fprinkled' with water; to this he fubmitted ; but when the " llioe was held out, he afked.what it meant. And being told " it was the fhoe of St. Thomas, h$ was ib provoked, that turn-. s * ing to me, ' What ! (fays he) would this herd have us kifs the " fhoes of all good men ? they may juft as w r ell offer their fpittle " to be kifTed, and other bodily excrements.' I took companion i( on the old man, and gave him fome money by way of con- i( folation."' There feem at prefent to be no remains of Lanfrane's building,, except the church or chapel. The houfes which the bro- thers and fillers inhabit, were rebuilt in the latter end of the* laft century, as will be mentioned hereafter. The church, which adjoins to the hofpital,. a large ancient ftruc"lure, confirh of a nave and. two ailes, with a font,, and a turret containing four bells*, having of old been the pariih-church of St. Nicholas, Herbaldown, and as fuch pays procurations to this day f. Some curious painted glafs remains in the windows. In 1292 it was valued, as a parfonage, at nine marks per annum (more than raoft of the neighbouring livings), and accordingly the tenths were fet at 12 J". The ancient incumbent was a re&or. To this church, and its prefbyter, of St. Nicholas, archbifhop Theo- bald granted, by charter, the tithes of his manor of Weft-gate : and thus improved, archbifhop Stratford, in 1 342, when he new- founded Eail- bridge hofpital in Canterbury, by his charter appro- priated to it this rectory X, and in confequence Mr. Bridges, the ieffee of that hofpital now holds itj and repairs the chancel. But this having been alio the church of the poor, or, as archbifhop Parker fays, " built for them by their founder Lanfranc," Stratford in his charter obliged Eaft-bridge hofpital to provide them a chap- lain, inftead of which, archbifhop Wittlefey, in 1.379, erected a * Ringing being charged three times in the prior's account, 1709, 1 s. each time, an order was made by the matter, Mr. Paris, that " no ringing fhould be allowed i( on any accourt for the future." f Seep. 183. I Seethe appropriation of Eaftbridge Hofpital, p. 225. c perpetual. r E R B A L D Q W N. 177- perpctual chantry*, the prieft of which relided at Clavering near the hofpital. And this continued till the Reformation, when tooth chantry and chantry-prieft were abolifhed ; and the church continuing to the hofpital t,. prayers are read there once a week, and the fick occalionally attended, by a reader, lb called, who at prefent is the rev. John G oft ling, M. A. eldeft fon of the late worthy " Walker." The ftipend is 8/. a year, and a houfe. The mafter, through whom petitions for corrodies are prefented to the archbiihop, and who has the care of both hofpitals, under his grace, their patron and vilitor, has- no falary. The number of in-brothers and lifters in this hofpital is 15 of each; belides which tiiCre is the fame number of out-brothers and out- fitters, who have only a penfion of bs. a quarter. The num- ber maintained in each hofpital feems to have been variable. Ja 1398 there were in Herbaldown about 80, in St. John's in 1375 there were 100, in 1464 there were 80, now there are 60 (in and out) of each> in all 120. By archbiihop Winchelfey's ftatutes, no corrodies were allowed to any who did not reiide in the hofpital ; nor is there any mention of out- brothers and fillers before archbiihop Parker's ftatutes. Thefe receive only their fhare of the archbifhop's penfion, and the other revenues of the hofpital are divided among the refident members. The allowance of out-brothers and filters was pro- bably occafioned by the want of lodgings as well as the fmallnefs of income. In Herbaldown there are only 26 houfes ; in St. John's 31. They at firft lived in the ancient conventual manner, . and had their common halls for dining, and their dormitories for ileeping; but as the buildings fell to decay, and no provifion was made for repairing them, the in-dwellers were necelfarily obliged to be lefTened. Of thefe one is annually chofen prior, whofe urincipal office is to collect the rents, and one of the lifters * Seep. 183. + Battcly's Somner, p. 145. priorefsj , i 7 8 ANTI Q_U I T I E S IN KENT. priorefs, with fome particular perquifites to each. The hofpital Hands (as defcribed by Erafmus) on the South fide of the London road, in the village, and adjoining to the parifh, of St. Michael, Herbaldown, and is pleafantly fituated on the fide of a hill, with a fpring of fine water, called from ancient times " The Black Prince's Well." A Weft view of the hofpital, chapel, Sec. is annexed (fee plate I.) Its pofTefTions were valued, 26 Hen. VIII. at 112/. 151. yd. in the whole, or at 109/. ys. id. per annum clear, including the archbifhop's ftipend of So/. Among the benefactions previous to thofe of this century, Mr. Somner deviled by will an eftate in Romney Marfli to this hof- pital, after the death of his fon, in cafe he had nohTue ; but the fon paffed a fine, barred the entail, and defeated the benefaction. October 24, 1674, the following account of this hofpital was given to archbifhop Sheldon: " The hofpital of St. Nicholas, Her- baldown, confifts of 15 in- brothers, and as many in-fifters, who have 4/. apiece yearly, beiides two loads of wood. Out-brothers and out-lifters in like number have yearly 1/. 14J. a piece. The whole revenue is i-6o/. 1;. 8^." In the fame year (1674) the lodgings of the brothers and lifters of this hofpital being ruinous, archbifhop Sheldon gave 200 /..and Mr. John Somner 50/. and in 1685 archbifhop San- croft gave 67/. and Dr. Thorp, prebendary of Canterbury, mailer of the hofpital, 20 /. by which benefactions chiefly thofe lodgings, together with the common-hall of the houfe, and the Brotherhood farm-houfe, were rebuilt, and the barns, ftables, and out-houfes repaired. This is commemorated in a tablet hung in the hall, where the brethren and lifters have an annual feaft (for which, in moft of their leafes,fome payments, now inadequate, arereferved) on the name-day of their patron-faint (St. Nicholas) Dec. 6. In the hall alio the members are admitted and iworn to the obfervance of the H E R B A L D O W N. 179 the ftatutes, and the ancient charters and other deeds are depofited in a ftrong cheft. All thefe (as is more particularly mentioned p. 201.) were carefully examined, forted, and labelled in both hofpitalsy and an account of them transmitted to archbifhop Seeker, in 1764, by the rev. Dr. Beauvoir, in a book which he entitled Liber Hofpitalium Arcbiepifcopi^ now preferved in Lam- beth library, to which the compiler of this article has great obligations. The number (as may be feen in the appendix) is large, and the royal and archiepifcopal charters (in particular) very curious. For the repairs of the buildings there is no allowance, but what is provided by the reparation-purfe, which fund arifes thus : From each perfon at admiflion a reparation noble, or 6s. $d. ; the ilipend that accrues during each vacancy ; 6d. a month from., every non-refident, and $s, feal money on fealing every leafe. Several places alio are kept vacant at Lambeth, and the flipend fent annually to the matter, as a farther fupply. By the flatutes they are enjoined to repair tlieir own houfes, but from this they are now difabled by their poverty. Some late benefactions fliall be recapitulated. Mrs. Elizabeth Lovejoy, of Canterbury, relict of the Rev. George Lovejoy, mafter cf the king's fchool, by her will. dated in 1694, among many other donations, gave to the mayor and commonalty of that city, her leafe of Callis Grange, in the parifh of St. Peter, in Thanet, held under the dean and chapter, in truft, to pay this hofpital 5/. per annum, which is divided among the refident members. Ralph Snowe, gent, of Lambeth, fleward to the archbifhop, by his will dated in 1707*, bequeathed each hofpital 20 ol. in truft, with which archbifhop Tenifon purchafed for this of Herbaldown part of an eftate at Mitcham in Surrey, which now lets for 1 2/. per annum "lear, And archbifhop Seeker, by his will dated in 1769, left * See p. 17,5. them 1 8o ANTIQUITIES IN KENT. them 500/. each in reverfion, in 3 percent, annuities, after the deaths of Mrs. Talbot and her daughter, both of whom being now deceafed, the former dying Jan. 9, 1770, and the latter Jan. 19, 17S4, aged 97, that devife, of which the preient bifhop of Cheiter is the furviving truftee, is expected foon to take place. Among the original deeds belonging to this hofpital is an old leathern cafe for holding fome of them, of which a fketch is given in plate IV. fig. 9. infcribed " €n DtCtt e(f tOUt." And in the cheft is a curious maple bowl, ufed on their feaft days, of great antiquity, the rims of which are filver gilt ; and in the bottom is faftened the medallion engraved in plate V. The itory is evidently one of Guy earl of Warwick; the motto, GY DE warwyc : adanovn: feei occis : LE DRAGOVN :;; . John Shurley, in his " Renowned Hiftory of Guy earl of War- wick t," 4to, tells a ftory of his feeing a dragon and lion fighting together in a foreft bordering on the lea, as he was returning to Europe from the relief of Byzantium. He determined to take up the conqueror; and after the lion was fairly fpent, Guy at- tacked the dragon, and after many hard blows on his adamantine lcales, fpying a bare place under his wing, he thruft his fword in to the depth of two feet, and with a dreadful yell the dragon ex- pired. No fcene of action is affigned; but we fufpect fome real or fictitious place is concealed under the name of Danoun, perhaps for a rhyme fake, and then the infcription will fignify that " Guy of Warwick at Danoun flew the dragon." The hofpital-feal is engraved in plate III. fig. 1. '.> * Soire have thought that the third word may be icci or ycci, for " here fome that the fourth may be adorvn, " on the back of a roan horfe," but that the letters evidently will not bear; and others that danovn might be the name of Guy's lword, as Durindana was that of Orlando, &c. •f This Hiftory has no date; but was " printed by A.M. for C. Bates and " J. Fofter," about the beginning of the prefent century. The I'M, 11./, /,v HERBALDOWN. i8r The prefent revenue of this Hofpital (1784) is as follows : Paid Quarterly. The Archbifliop's penfion *, Rents of lands and houfes, Half.Yearly. Rents, &c. Penfion from the city of Canterbury -j~, Mrs. Lovejoy's legacy ||, Yearly. Rent of lands at Mitcham, purchafed with Mr. Snowe's legacy §, Two acres of wood (in hand) about, Penfion from the Exchequer %, (clear) Fines for renewing leafes, on an average, Feaft rents, and collected from the guefts, ufually about, Annuities. Mr. Charles Palfrey, for land at Heme, Lady Hardres's heirs, for Hardres meadow, John Lade, Efq. for land at Gray nay, t. s. it. 80 88 21 6 *3 6 S 5 12 1 2 3 4 9t 10 3 10 2 2 Total 248 Ded. 59 n Clear 189 8 which is not 61. 10s. each. Difburfements. To the reader, per ann **. 8 o To three out-brothers and two out-hfters, at or near Canterbury, (paid quarterly). 6 o To twelve out-brothers and thirteen out-fifters, at or near Lambeth ff, 30 o Quit-rents, viz. to Weftgate manor, 1 5 to Reculver, 3 to Hall and Beverley, 12 to Grayney, o to the city of Canterbury, 1 4i 5>i io| Towards the charges of the feaft on St. Nicholas day, ufualiy about, 3 Other expences, at leaft, 10 10 o 59 5t 1 4i o o o o * Of this 50I. is paid by the Archbifliop's regiflrar, Mr. Delafaux, at Canterbury, and 30!. is referved to pay the out-brothers and lifters at Lan.beth. f See p. 175. II Seep.179. § Ibid. J Seep. 2:-. ** 8d. per quarter is referved out of every ftipend to make up this fura, The reader has alfo of late 2I. more for the rent of one of the houfes. •Jf See note * above. C c Lift 18a A N T I Q^U ITIES IN KENT. Lid of Matters from 1702. Rev. George Thorp, D. D. prebendary of Canterbury. iyc8. John Paris, M. A 1 , reftor of St. Andrew's and St. Mary Bredman's, Canterbury. 1 709. John Bradock, M. A. one of the fix preachers. 171 1. Elias Sydall, D. D\ prebendary. 1 73 1. John Lynch, D. D 3 . prebendary. ! 74^, Thomas Lamprey, M. A. re&or of St. Martin's, and vicar of St. Paul's, Canterbury. 1761. John Head, D. D 4 . archdeacon and prebendary. 1770, Sept. 15. John Duncombe, M. A. one of the fix preachers. The following Inftruments relating to Herbaldown are preferred in the Regifters at Lambeth. Herebaldoune juxta Cantuar' Hofpital** INJUNCTIONES a priore, priori (Ta, fratribus & fororibus dicTi hofpitalis ob- fervandae ; dat' in predicY hofpitali, 6 kal' Mart' A. D. 1298. Reg. Win- chelfea, fol. 69. a. Mandatum cfni archiepi fuper perceptione eleemofyne archiepi ; dat' Hofpital* de Harbledown & de Northgate Cant' dat' apud Otteford, 3 id. Feb. 1355. Reg. lflip, fol. 111 b. 112. a. Confirmatio Hoberti 5 prioris eccl' Chrifti Cant' & ejufdem loci conventus litters precedentis-, dat' in domo nra capit', 10 Feb. 1355. Ibid. 112. A leafe granted by Sam. Parker, D. D b . Archdeacon of Canterbury, and Maf- ter of the hofpital of Eaftbridge, alias St. Thomas, in the City of Canterbury, of the tithes, &c. belonging to the Hofpital of St. Nicholas Harbledown, within the bounds of Harbledown, to Simon Lowth ' of the parifli of St. Cofmas and Damian in the Bleane in the County of Kent, for the term of 21 years ; dat' 25 Dec. 1682. Beg. Sancroft, fol. 359. a. Confirmatio Dni archiepi locationis prasdicYi dat' 12 Sept. 1683. Fol. 36c. a. 1 Alfo matter of Eaftbridge Hofpital. * Dean 1728, Bp. of St. David's and afterwards of Gloucester, 1731. 3 Dean 1733 — 60. * Afterwards Sir John, Bart. 5 Robert Hathbrand, who died in 1370. * Bifliop of Oxford, 1686. ' See p. 186. note I. A CHAN- HERBALDOWN. i8j CHANTRY of St. NICHOLAS, HERBALDOWN. Recisters- 1371, 4 Nov. FundatioSc OrdinatioCantarieinEccl' Wittlefeye, fol. 51. b.^2. a Sci Nich' in Hofpitali de Herebal- don * per D'n'm Wittlefeye Cant' Archiepifcopum; dat' apud Croydon, 1376, 24 Feb. John Halgheton. Sudbury, fol. i2r. a. 13S6, 16 Feb. John Vagge. Courtney, fol. 265. a. Walter Setryngton. 1399, 3 Mar. John Marty n, on the resignation of Arundel, fol. 265. b. Setryngton. 1400, 2 Jan. John Brayt, on the refignation of Ibid. fol. 273. a. Martyn. Thomas Barbour. 1426, 25 Jan. John Wellyng, on the death of Chicheley, p. I. fol. 167. a. Barbour. 1429, 1 1 Oil. Hugh Nobul, on the refignation of Ibid. fol. 178.3. Wellyng. Walter Gilbert. 1468, 3 Sept. William Robert, on the refignation Bourchier, fol. 99. a. of Gilbert. Robert Lafungby. 1488, 27 Oft. Thomas Cottebery, on the refigna- Morton, Deene, Bourchier, tion of Lafungby. and Courtney, fol. 136. a. Thomas Porter. 1524, 30 Sept. George Hyggis, on the death of Warham, fol. 382. b. Porter. RECTORS of St. MICHAEL, HERBALDOWN. From the Regifters at Lambeth. Rectors. Registers. 1316, 6 Jan. Nicholas Burnell. Reynolds, fol. 19.3. 1324, 15 June. Edmund de Newenton, by exchange with Bunnell. Ibid. fol. 253. a. Hugh de Birton. 1361, 10 Sep. John Lacey, on the refignation of Iflip, fol. 289. b. Birton. • Founded by Thomas Neve, reftor of Godmeriham, under the patronage of Abp. Witfle- fey. See the Hiftory of Reculver, p. 157. f The chantry-pneft mentioned in the exemplification of Abp.Arundjl, 18 May, 1402. Seep. 211. C C 2 136^ i8 4 A N T I Q^U ITIES IN KENT. Incumbents. Registers. 1361, 17 Dec. Robert Flemyng, on the refignation Ibid. 293. b. of Lacey. 1371, 10 Dec. William Savage. Wittlefeye, fol. 88. a. John Montague. 1406, 30 Ort. Richard Hilley, by exchange with Arundel, fol. 311. b. Montague, 1410, 22 Oft. Matthew Edenham, on thedeath of Arundel, p. 2. fol. 60. a. ^ Hilley. 1 41 2, 1 j June. John Orwell, by exchange with Ibid. fol. 64. a. Edenham. Richard Baron. 1422, 9 Feb. Walter Gorge, by exchange with Chicheley, p. I. fol, 137. b. Baron. William Palmer. 1446, 18 Jan. William Cleve, B. A. on the death Stafford, fol. 91. b. of Palmer. 1448, 5 Nov. William Leake, on the refignation Ibid. fol. 98. a. of Cleve. Thomas Symond. 1470, 26 Feb. Edmund Lychefeld, on the death Bouichier, fol. 103. a. of Symond. Henry Barradon. 1493, 8 May Robert Curfon, M. A. on the death Morton, Dene, Bouichier, of Barradon. and Courtney, fol. 154. b. 1507, 2 April. Thomas Bafchurche, on a legal va- Warham. fol. 33c. cancy. 1507, 30 Aug. JohnThorneton*,EpifcopusCironen', Ibid. fol. 326. b. on the refignation of Bafchurche. 15 13, 28 March. Michael Vaughan, on the refigna- Warham, fol. 348. a. tion of Thorneton. 1516, 9 Sept. John Oxley, by the ceffion or dif- Ibid, fol., 361. million of Vaughan. J 5 l 7> 3 Feb. Thomas Dodyng, on the refignation Ibid. 364. b. of Oxley. John Boneton. 1521, 12 April. Philip Taylor, on the refignation of Ibid. 372. b. Boneton. * Or Thornden, D. D. and fevera! times commifTary or vice-chancellor of this univerfity ["Oxford], while ArchbifhopWarham was chancellor, viz. between the years 1 506 and 1 5 1 4, in which time he is often ftyled " Epifcopus Syrynenfis" and " Syrymenfis" (perhaps the fame with Sir- mium in Hungary) as being a fufFragan to the archbifhop. He was prior of the black monks at Dover, and fufFragan of Dover, 1508. Wood's Athen. Oxon. I. 654. I52S, HERBALDOWN. 185 Rectors. Registlrs. 1528, 10 May. Arthur Suvwike, on the death of Ibid. 395. b. Taylor. 1534, 16 Nov. Richard Croffe. Cranmer, fol. 353. b. 1557, 15 Nov. Robert Moubrey, on the death of Pole, fol. 74. b. CrofTe. 1562, 21 March. Robert Pownall, on the death of Parker, fol. 360. a. Moubrey. 157 1, 17 Sept. Henry Murrey, on the death of Ibid. fol. 406. b. Pownall. 1579, 22 July. John Bridges', on the refignation of Grindal, fol. 5:6. Murrey. 1589, 1 Sept. Andrew Peerfon % B. D. on the re- Whitgift, fol. 259. b. fignation of Bridges. 1594, 23 Nov. Francis Wormeal 3 , on the death of Ibid. p. II. 324. b. Peerfon. 1596, 9 March. Robert Hemynges, M. A. 4 on the IbiJ. p. III. fol. 265. b. death of Wormeal. 1601, 9 July. Humphrey Aylworth, B. D. on the Ibid, fol 267. b. death of Hemynges, 1601, 5 Feb. William Swift 5 , M. A. on the re- Abbot, p. II. fol. 340. fignation of Aylworth. 1624, 23 Feb. Robert Say, D. D. on the death Ibid. p. II. fol. 340. of Swift. 1628, 22 May. Robert Auften, D. D. on the Ibid. fol. 357. b. death of Say. 164 , Richard Culmer, M. A 1661, 12 Sept. John Bargrave 7 , D. D. on a legal Juxon, fol. 127. b. vacancy. 1 Probably the fame who was alfo vicar of Herne frorn 1^62 to 1590. See the " Htfiory of " that parifli," p. 160. * Chaplain to Abp. Parker, rector of Brafted, Chidingftone, and Wrotham, mafter 01 the faculties, one of the tranflators of the Bible, &c. 3 Chriftopher Wormeal was at this time Archbifhop Whitgift's principal lie ward and receiver at Lambeth. See the " Hillory of Croydon," p. 152. 4 Of Cambridge. Incorporated at Oxford in 1590. Wood's Falli, I. 141. 5 Great-grandfather to the famous Dean of St. Patrick's, and rector of St. Andrews, Can- terbury, where he was buried. Dr. Swift by miftake calls him " a prebendary." 6 The name of this fanatic, commonly cniled Blue Dick, from his wearing blue in oppofition to black, does not occur in the Regifters, but is fupp'.ied from Wood's Athen. Oxon. He was n. hitter of Goodnefton, from which he was fufpended for not reading the Book of Sports on the Lord's Day, was alfo vicar of St. Stephen's, a bitter enemy to Archbifhop Laud, author of " Cathedral News, &x." and diitinguifhed himfelf by breaking the great north window of the ca- thedral. He died and was buried at Monkton. ' Prebendary of Canterbury. He died May 11, 1680, 1670, s t*6 A N T I QJJ ITIES IN KENT. Rectors. Registers. 1670, 8 Dec. Simon Lowth, M. A', on the ceflion Sheldon, fol. 346. a. of Bargrave. 16.90, 10 Feb. Simon D'Evereux, prefented by SufpenfioSancroft,fol. 51, b. the king and qneen. i7.aa 6 Ausr. John Frances 1 , M. A. on the death Wake, p. II. fol. 271. a. of D'Evereux. 1734, 27 Nov. Charles Milles J , M. A. on the death Ibid. fol. 274.3. of Frances. 1749 4 July. Thomas Herring", M. A.onthedeath Herring, fol. 282. b. of Milles. 1750, 26 March. Henry Hair, M. A. on the refigna- Ibid. fol. 285. a. tion of Herring. 176}, 20 March. John Benlbn 6 , M. A. on the death Seeker. of Hall. 1780, 1 8 Dec. William Nance 7 , LL. B. by ex- Cornwallis. change with Dr. Benfon. ' Dr. Caftilion, dean of Rochefter, dying Oft. 21, 16S8, King James II. nominated Mr- Simon Lowth to fucceed him, but he not being then D. D. and not in a poffibility to obtain that degree before the King left the nation, King William III. gave it to one Dr. Henry Ullock, ca- non of Rochefter. Wood's Fafti Oxon. II. 13S. This Mr. Lowth therefore was probably de- prived of this rectory. O^. Whether for not taking the oaths? He feems to have been the fame who was leflee of the tithes of Harbledown hofpital in 1682. See p. 182. He is there ftyled " of St. Cofmas and Damian in the Blean." 1 Head- mafter of the King's School, Canterbury, where he was buried in the cloifters of the Cathedral. 3 Alfo minifter of Little Walfingham in Norfolk, a younger fon of Samuel Milles, Efq. M. P. for Canterbury. Seethe " Hiftory of Heme" (where he was buried), p. 103. 4 One of the neareft relations to Archbifhop Herring, who alfo appointed him one of his execu- tors. He married a daughter of Sir John Torriano, and died at Kenfington, April 18, 1774, being then rector of Chevening in Kent, and Cullefdon in Surrey, precentor of Chichefter, a prebendary of Southwell, and one of the principal regifters of the prerogative court of Canterbury. s Of whom fee a particular account in the fucceeding page. 6 Nephew to Biihop Benfon, one of the fix preachers in Canterbury Cathedral, vicar of Shep- herd's Well, and rector of Great Chart, which latter he held by difpenfation with this rectory, and exchanged both for the vicarage of Boxley. He is now alfo D. D. one of the prebendaries of Canterbury, regiftrar of the diocefe of Glouceiler, and re, the Archbifhop collated him alfo to the vicarage of Heme, which he held by oifpen- fation ; to which his Grace afterwards added the linecure redtory of Orpin°ron in the deanry of Shoreham, one of his peculiars. In 1756 Mr. Hall va- cated Heme, on being prefented to the vicarage of Eaft Peckham by the Dean and Chapter of Canterbury, by whom he was much cfteemed, havin? greatly aihfted their auditor in digeibng many of the records, charters, &c. pre- ierved in their regiftry [j. In return, the late Dr. Wahvyn (one of the prebenda- ries, who vacated that vicarage) was collated by the Archbifhop to the reftory- of Great Mongeham, void by the death of Mr. Byrch. On the death of Abp. Herring in 1757, he refigned the librarianfhip of Lambeth, and from that time refided chiefly at Harbledown, in a large houfe§, which he hired, now the feat of Robert Mead Wilmot, Efq. only fon of Sir Edward. Soon after the death of Archbifhop Herring, Mr. Hall was prefented by his executors to the treafurer- fhip of the cathedral of Wells, one of his Grace's options. He was alio at firft a competitor for the precentorlhip of Lincoln, an option of Archbifhop Putter * Fellow of King's College, and now archdeacon of Sudbury, treafurer of Chichefter, &c. who in 1742 was very near being elected ^rovoll of King's. f His Grace, in one of his letters to Mr. Duncombe. faid, " I have an excellent young man for ** my librarian, who never did and never can offend me." J Of whom fee p. 1 86. || For which, among other prefents, they gave him, in December 1762, a fine copy of thj Ox- ford edition ot Bp. Hooper's Works, 1 757, on large paper and elegantly bound ; which copy, after his death, having been lold with his other books, was purchafed by his intimate friend Dr. Ducatel in whole horary it now remains. Mr. Hall had two excellent trained drawings of Wimbledon and St! Mary Cray churches by Skelton, a very ingenious young painter, patronifed by Archbithop Herring, who died at Rome. J hefe are now in the collection of the Rev. Dr, Beauvoir, being preiented to him by Mr. Hall's aunt and executrix. § This houfe, in 1757, when the late D\tke of Marlborough commanded the camp on Barham Downs, was lent by Mr. Hall to the Dutchefs and htr family; and in it their eldeit daughter, Lady Diana Spencer, (now Beauclerk) was married, Sept. 9, 1757, to Lord \ "iicount Bolingbroke, by the prefent Archbifhop, at that time domellic chaplain to the Duke of Marlborough. It has fiiicc teen occupied by the late Gen, Beli'ord. (which j S3 ANTIQUITIES IN KENT. (which Dr. Richardfon gained in 1760 by a decree of the Houfe of Lords) but foon withdrew his claim, well-grounded as it feemed. His learning and abilities were great, but not fuperior to his modeffy ; and by his lingular affability he obtained the love and eueem of all who knew him. His chari- table attention to his poor parifhioners, efpecially when they were ill, was conftant and exemplary. At Archbifhop Seck^'s primacy vititation at Can- terbury in 1758, Mr. Hall was "pitched upon" (his Giaces official expref- fion) to preach before him at St. Margaret's Church, which he did from Afts xvii. 2 r . " For all the Athenians and Grangers which were there, fpent their »'* time in nothing elfe, but either to tell or hear fome new thing." He died a bachelor, at Harbiedown, Nov. 1, 1763, in the 47thyear ot his age, after a fhort illnefs, occafioned by a violent fwelling in the neck, which could not be ac- counted for by the eminent phyficians who attended him. He was buried under the communion-table of Harbk-down chur '1, without any epitaph to preferve the memory of that moft worthy and valuable man, who lived univerfally beloved, and died much regretted. Extracts of Letters from Mr. Hall to Dr. Ducarel. "j Harbiedown, Dec. 6, 1760. " I have at prefent in my poffeffion fome very ancient and curious writings, which I will detain, if poffible, till I have the plealure of feeing you here. I received them in a confuted heap, but you will find them in fome order, and per- haps an abftracl of them. What I mean, are the old deeds, &c. belonging to the hofpital here, which the Archdeacon * has defired me to look over ; and, that I might do fo to the better purpofe, I had them brought hither. It is very neceffary for the mailer of the hofpital to have a particular account of them, and 1 intend to give the Archdeacon the beft I can. There is amongft them a grant by Archbifhop Richard, immediate fucceffor to Thomas a Becket, of xxi per ann. to the hofpital, oat of the parfonage of Reculvre, which is mentioned to have been refigned on this * John Head, D. D. (afterwards Sir John, bart.) then mafler. occa- HEUBALDOWN. ift, occafion by Hugo the Re&or *. In the inftrument, Archbilhop Lanfranc is faid to have founded the two hofpitals; the one at Herebaldown, the other atCanrerbury extra Northgate. Thewritingisveryfairandfreih, and two thirds of the feal (viz. the upper and lower parts of the reverie, and the upper half of the other part) are rtill re- maining. But the moll: curious impreffion of a feal is at the bottom of an inftru- ment of Archbilhop Arundel's-)", which I believe you will think deferves to be en- graved by your Society of Antiquaries. There are likewile the impreffions of the leals of Archbilhop Iflip J, William of Wickbam ||, and of lbine broad feals, very well preferved." llarbledown, Feb. 9, 176 r. "Mr. Somner found "virgultum" in a bull of Pope John § (which he quotes Tn his Antiquities of Canterbury [p. 44.3, under the article of Harbledown bofpital) ; but, as he has not tranflated that word, I fuppofe he was doubtful of it's mean- ing. The Pope intended to -exempt the poor pfople from the payment of certain tithes; viz. ** de ortis & virgultis & animalium nutrimentis :" the rirft article is ve- ry plain ; the laft relates to the pafture for 11 kine and a bull ** ; which were kept in the hofpital, as appears by their writings. It likewife appears, that they had an orchard, containing about three or four acres. The land ftill preferves that name, though all the trees are grubbed up, and it is planted entirely with hops ; and by its name of " an orchard," it is privileged and exempted from the payment of tithe. The reft of the tithes, by a grant from Archbilhop Stratford, belong to Eaftbridge hofpital, and are let for 21 years by leafe from the mailer thereof -j~-j~, in the following words ; " all the tithes of corn, grain, pulfe, pafture, hay, and all " other tithes whatfoever, growing on the lands belonging to the hofpital of St- ** Nicholas Harbledown ; except the tithes of the common garden or orchard be- 11 longing to the brothers and filters of the faid hofpital." An exception in fa- vour of the fodder is omitted, having been unneceffary ever fince they kept no cattle. But the other exceptions, and the practice accordingly, I take to be the beft comment upon the Pope's bull; and from thence I conclude, that " virgultum" fignifies " an orchard." I have further to obferve, that underwood being a fpecies of great tithe, it is not likely that it ihould be placed between two articles of fmall tithes." * See the Hiftory of Reculver, p. 129. -f See plate III. fig. 14. j Ibid, fig. n, II Ibid- fig. r 2. § XXII. See this bull at large p. 235. ■** " Ten cows and a bull" in the Survey, p. 18. -j-f See p. 176. D .d « The 190 ANT I Q^U ITI'ES IN KENT. Harbhdozvn, April 26, 1763. "' The ancient church of St. Nicholas in this tillage has generally been con- fidered to be no more than a chapel to the hofpital ; but it appears to me to have been as much a parifh church, as the other of Sr, Michael in the fame place; and if it be not one at prefent, for want of its minifter and panih-officers, it feems capable of being put upon its ancient footing. If this fhould be done, a parifh will be added, or at leaft reftored, to your jurifdi&ion. In Battely's Ap- pendix to Somner, p. 57. m. 29. you will find " Ecclefia S. Nicolai de Herbal- " doune, in decanatu Canterbury," among thofe which are exempt from the Archdea- con, and of confequence, as I prefume, fubjecl: to the Commiffary. You may have taken notice of a place called " the Mint *," fituated between the two churches here. Jt belonged to the ehauntry of St. Nicholas, founded t by Archbifhop Wittlefey ;, and fince the diflblution of the ehauntry, by which it was fevered from the hofpital, it has been deemed extraparochial. It feems to me to be otherwife, and that the mailer of Eaftbridge hofpital is liable to be charged with the ftipend of a curate, to be nominated by him for the benefit of fuch of the inhabitants of the parifh as are not included in the hofpital. Mr. J. Goftling 1 is in hopes of being curate, if the Archbifhop fhould think proper to appoint one." * In Eafter-week 1773, on an application from Gen. Belford and fome other inhabitants of the adjoining parifh, St. Michael's, fuggefting the inconveniences refulting to them from this ex- traparochial place, two neighbouring juftices, in purfuance of an aft 13 and 14 Charles II. appointed two inhabitants of the Mint overfeers of St. Nicholas. But Mr Duncorbe, the matter, apprehenfive of the burden that would be brought on the poor of the hofpkal by being fubjefted to parochial taxes, laid the cafe before the late Abp. Cornwallis, and with his Grace's approbation (as exprefl'ed in the letter annexed) directed the Prior to appeal at the next Quarter Seffions againft the appointment, where, upon hearing the arguments of counfel, it was quafhed. In the Mint are now eight houfes, or tenements, and a wind mill. If that alone had been made a vill, or parifh, there could have been no objeftion. " Revd. Sir, Lambeth,. June 26, 1773. " I was abfent from home when yourlctter came here, and did not return till two days after, which " has prevented my anfwering it fooner. I think your objections to the proceeding of the juftices well "founded, your reafons againft it juft, and I much approve of the method you propofe taking to- " wards redrefling the grievance. My being from home was unlucky; but, as you fay the appeal " muft be entered this week, I hope you did not wait for my anfwer. " Sir, your faithful humble fervant, «« Rev. Mr. Duncombe. "FRED. CANT."" ■J- See p. 183. i Reader, or chaplain, to the hofpital. See p. 177. NORTH- 8 ^ 1 X ^ j_ \ ^ N > V -. •- ,^ * 5 ii \ V >§ V 4 N«. \s ^ < %. j -X * 1 S: ^ v 55 * I W 3 NORTHG A T E. This hofpital, dedicated to St. John the Baptift, is juftly ftyled by Sonmer the " other twin" of Herbaldown*, being founded and endowed by arch bi (hop Lanfranc, at the fame time, and in the fame manner, about the year 1084. In the words of Edmert, "With- u out the North gate of this city (Canterbury) archbifhop Lanfranc " built a fair and large houfe of ftone, and added to it for the va- <' rious wants and conveniencies of its inhabitants feveral apart- " ments, with a fpacious court. This palace [fo it is called] he di- " vided into two parts, one defigned for men labouring under va- i* rious diftempers, the other for infirm women. He provided them *' with cloaths and daily food at his own expence. He appointed . 1. Appendix N e XIV. p. 10. ** Thefe wordj have a line drawn through them in the original. G g conti- «to ANTIQUITIES IN KENT. continentem. " Univerfis fee matris ecclefiefiliis prefentes literas infpefturisWillelmtrs,. permiffione divina Cantuarien' archieps, totius Anglie primas, & apoftolice fedis le- gatus, falutem in ofno fempiternam. Cum cuftos quilibet hofpitalis noftri de Eftbrigge in Cantuai ia qui pro tempore fuerit fuis fumpiibus & expends invenire teneatur facer- dotem ydoneum, qui jugiter divina celebret coram pauperibus alterius hofpitalis noftri deHerbaldoune inecclia SciNicholai ibidem, & eorum confeffiones audiat, eisque die- bus & noenbus prout oportebit ecclefiaftica miniftret facramenta ; iitque de prefenti & erit verifimiliter in futurum difficile ftipendiarios reperire facerdotes ydoneos qui inter dittos pauperes taliter converfari voluerint, prefertim cum ipforum pauperum nonnulli lepra fint infecli ; ac pro infedlis hujufmodi ipfum hofpitale pvincipaliter fit fundatum, nifi forfan manfionem ab eis feparatam habuerint & vicinam, cantariam- que non mobilem ppetuam obtineant ad vic"lum eorundem capellanorum dotatam competenter : Nos, premiffa debito confiderationis intuitu penfautes, cureque anima- rum di&orum pauperum & hofpitalis predict utilitati providere volentes, quandam. perpetuam cantariam unius capellani, ut premittitur, divina apud Herbaldoune cele- braturi fundamus, dotamus, & ut fubferibit' ordinamus. Habebit fiquidem facerdos hujufmodi ipfius cantarie perpetuus, in partem dotis ejufdem, unam manfionem fuf- ficientem & honeftam edificatam ex oppoiito porte dicti hofpitalis de Herbaldoune, cum prediis & gardinis adjacentibus, ac quodam columbari ibidem jam conferend' ditto hofpitali de Eftbrigge per dnmn Wilfm atte Welle capellanum, de regis licen- tia jam obtenta, ut inter benefattores habeatur utriufque hofpitalis fupraditti. Nec- non quandam aream prefato hofpitali nro de Herbaldoune contigtiam vocatam Cla- veringge*. Habebit etiam facerdos ipfius cantarie de fratribus & fororibus hof- pitalis de Herbaldoune duas marcas de claro p equales porciones annuatim in ppe- tuum. Reputabitur infuper & erit facerdos ipfe, abfque iiroaut fucceflbrum noftro- rum novo onere, unus de numero pauperum in hofpitali nro de Herbaldoune requifito, propter ipfius converfationem, celebrationes, & orationes quas quafi continue faciet coram eis &inter eos, tantum pcipiens, & taliter, licut eorum unus, incedens, fivoluerit, veftitus, pro reverentia fui ordinis, ut facerdos fecularis. Habebit infuper quin- que marcas liberi & fecuri redditus in denariis tempore dm Thome Elton, jam cuftodis ditti noftri hofpitalis de Eftbrigge, eidem hofpitali adquifitas apud Heme, quas folvent quid' Thomas de Court, heredes & affignati ejus, pro terris & tenemen- ts dimiffis eis p fattum in hac pte fufficiens de folvendo. Ac etiam duas mareascum dimidia annuat' de cuftode quocumque ipfius hofpitalis nri de Eftbrigge ,p tempe eid' capeir pfolvend' ad quatuor anni terminos ufualit' principales, quas cuitos ipfe cum ulteriori fuuia annis fingulis de certis terris, reddit' & paftur' libere habere poterit quas * "Where before, fpeaking of this hofpital, I faid the chantry prieft dwelt over againft the hofpital, I find I was miftaken : for the account of the chantry's endowment, given to the com- miffioners about the time of the luppreilion, faith he hud his dwelling here at Clavering." Som- ner, Marginal Note. . After Cl'.veringge, in archbifhop Wittlefeye's Regifter, is contained as follows, "que manCo cum ipfis prediis, gardinis, columbar' & area, eftimatione commnni, duas marcas de claro yalebit imperpetuum annuatim. Reputabitur infuper, Sec.'' [Hall.] dittus HERBALDOWN. 2M dic"his dominus Thomas cuftos, eciam fuc caftodie tempore, adquivifit de domino Thoma de Ros, milite, apud Hothe; fuper quilnis terris & pafturis libere dif- tringere facerdos ipfe valeat £ omni tempe ipfar' duar' marcar' & dimid' port unum- quemque tm lupradictum, per menfem fi poftea in folucione hujufmodi fir ceffatum. Et fie dos ipfius cantarie undecim marcas cum dimtdia vel circit' verifimilit' in pof- terum valebit annuatim. Ad ipfam autem cantariam, quociens earn vacate cbntigerit cuftos di&i hofpitalis de Eftbrigg, qui pro tempore fuerit, facerdotes ydoneos, qui in ca refidere voluerint, & coridie coram ipfis pauperibus, ceflanre impedimento legitime*, juxta canonum exigentiam, celebrare divina, aut per alium facere celebrari, & aTar' curam gerere eorundem, ut eft dictum, ad que omnia 5c fingula facerdotes hujufroodi teneri volumus & artari, nobis S: fuccefforibus noftris prefentabit. Ad fumptus autem reparacionis domorum prefare manfionis & coJumbaris, ac exhibitionem panis, vini, & luminariorum honeftorum

negotiis utilibus domus, perfone ad hoc idonee & experte, aut pro infirmitare graviffima, vel morte, aut gravi infirmitate paren- turn leu amicorum, vel pro aliqua recreatione modica, aut pro negociis propriis ad victum neceffariis hiis que indigere nofcuntur, hujus exeundi licentia concedatur, dum tamen bini & bine nullo modo fufpecte fimul incedent, & exeuntibus iplis ter- minus brevis & compeiens ut domi redeant ftatuatur ultra nullatenus moratuiis. Quod fi voluntarie feceriut, puniantur graviter protinus redeuntes. Et fi trina vice fie illicenciati exierint, vel in termino fibi ad redeundum ftatuto redire contcmple- rint, per fuperiorem ipfius hofpitalis cuftodem a domo perpetno amoveantur. Et hoc idem quibufcumque tratribus 8c lororibus domus ejufdem, qui trinis monicionibns aut correccionibus fa 2. T4 A N T I Q_U I T I E S IN KENT. 36. Abp. Parker's Statutes (with part of the feal remaining) on paper. Sept. 15, 1 56 j *. ATTHE W, by the fufferance of God, Archbifhop of Canterbury, Primate LVJ an ^ Metropolitan of England -, to all Chriftian people fendeth greeting in our Lord : Whereas amongft other things that do concern our paftoral office, wee have before our eyes the charitable affection and godly zeal that was in divers our predecelTors, archbifhops of Canterbury, who founded and erected two ieveral hofpitals ; th'one of St. John's in Northgate, in the luburbs of Canterbury, and the other of St. Nicholas of Harbaldown, nigh unto our fee, the city of Canter- bury ; for poor, fick, impotent, and needy people to be relieved and fuocoured in the fame; wee, knowing the proviiion for the poor to be a thing very acceptable to God in this world, have, for the dilcharge of our confeience, thought it our duty unto God to fee, as nigh as wee can, and the law of God doth fuffer, that the faid hofpitals be ufed and ordered according to the minds of the founders, our predecelTors. 1. Wherefore wee ordain and appoint, That according to the firft foundation, there be in our hofpital of St. John's in Northgate xxx f men, whom (after the an- cient 'culTome) we will to be called Bretheren ; that by this name they may be the rather -put in mind of their duty to live together like bretheren in unity, concord, godly agreement, and brotherly love : and xxx t women, whom after the like man- ner wee will to be called Sillers, which all fhall be bound to make their abode, and to dwell, within our faid hofpital, except they have for their abience a fpecial grant and difoenfation bv writing, from us or our fuccefTors, archbiihops of Can- terbury, for the time being. Providing, and alwayes forefeeing, that there dwell not out of the houle above the number of x bretheren and x fitters at any time %. 2. Alio we Dfdain, That upon every vacation or avoydance of any of the rooms of the brethpfcn or filters, whether it be by death, deprivation, ceffion, voluntary departing, expulfion, or by any other lawful means; the elder, or the prior, lb commonly called, for the time being, with three of his bretheren, within x dayes next after fuch avoidance, if the brother dwelt in the houfe, or in the city of Canterbury, and of others that are further off, fo foone as he or they have cer- tain knowledge thereof, fhall intimate and give in writing unto us and our fuccef- fors, archbiihops of Canterbury, or elfe to the dean and chapter, fede vacant 'e, as well the perfon's name and manner of departing, as alio the day, month, and year of fuch departing, that wee may eftlbones appoint fome other to the faid roome. * Thefe are the fame, mutatis mutaiMis, at both Hofpitals, and are therefore inferted here, though they mention only St. John's. f Viz eighteen in f.nd twelve cat brothers, twenty in and ten out-fifters. t in this Hofpital there are thirty-one houfe*, of which thirty are now occupied. D. Alfo H F. II B A L D- O W N. 2 1 j Alfo we ordain, That henceforth none be admitted brother or filter, but fuch as (hall be named by fomc certificate from or to our fu'ic'eflbrs under our fighet, elfe (hall perfonally exhibit to the prior for the time Being, and to his bretheren, or unto four of them at the leali, a grant of a corrody, under feal from us or our fucceffors, or under the feal of the dean and chapter, fide vacant e : and the elder or prior, upon light of every fuch grant, fhall within two dayes next following, in the prefence of four of his bretheren at the lead, admit any fuch brother and fifter without further delay, t ; l there be the full number of xxx bicihercn and xxx filters. And every brother and fifter, at his or her admiftion, fhall pay to- wards the maintaining and repairing of the church and other houfes 6 s. Sd. and have their names written in the table appointed for the fame purpofc. And the prior fhall caufe thefe ftatutes to be read to every brother and lifter, at his or her ad- miffion to dwell within the hofpital : And alio to be read yearly on Midfummer-day before all the bretheren and lifters. 4. Alio wee ordain, That every brother and fifter, at Bis or her admiffion to dwell in the houfe, fhall take a corporal oath upon a book in manner and form following: " 1 A. B. brother or fifter of St. John's in Northgate, fhall bear true " faith and due allegeance unto the Queen's highnefs, her heirs and fucceftbrs ; " and Avail obferve and keep all fuch ftatutes. and orders and rules which now be, " or hereafter may be made and given by Lord Matthew, Archbifliop of Canter- " bury, or by his fucceffors, concerning the ftate of the hofpital, not repugnant " to the laws of God, nor to the laws of this realm. And I fhall obey the el- " der or prior for the time being, in all things lawfull and honed; and I (hall " not content nor agree to fell, to give, to change, to pledge, or by any kind "•of waves to alienate any lands, tenements, buildings, paftures, woods, cattle, " utenfils, (lock of money, deeds, charters, or other writing-;, or any other thri " appertaining or belonging to the (aid hofpital, without the con lent and affent " of the laid Lord Matthew or his fucceffors, archbifhops of Canterbury, fir ft had . " and obteined; fo God me help, and by the contents of this book." 5. Alfo wee ordain, That none, having the ufe of reafon and fpeech, be ad- mitted brother or lifter, but fuch as can fay the Lord's Prayer, the Articles of the Faith, and the X Commandments of God, in the Englffli tongue : and that after admiffion, within a convenient time, they endeavour themfelves to learn by heart the brief Catechifine inferred in the book of Common Prayer. 6. Alfo wee ordain, That &\T the bretheren and filters, dwelling within the faid hofpital, fhall diligently come to the church twife in the day, morning and evening, except there be lawfull caufe to be abfent, and allowed by the prior, there to offer up their common prayers unto Almighty God, and attentively to hear God's Holy Scripture read; and if any be abfent, not having fuihcient caufe, or be flack and negligent in coming to the church; or being there, do ufe to jangle, to talk or to deep in the time of Common Prayer, the Adminiftration of the Sacraments, reading of the Holy Scriptures, or the Homilyes; if after two admonitions given by the prior to amend that fault, the party eftfoones commit the like offenfe, that brother tI 6 A N T I Q^U ITIES IN KENT. brother or filler, whither it be, (hall be punifhed in the flocks * one half day or more, at the difcretion of the prior, for his or her correction. And if that brother or filler after fuch punifhraent, will not amend, but continue (till that lewd beha- viour and example, wee will, that the prior, with the afient of four of his bretheren, do pive knowledge unto us, our fuccefTors, or lawfall deputyes, of the evil quali- tyes'of that brother or filter, that wee, following the example of a good furgeart, may eftfoones cut off that member, which is not only unprofitable, but alfo hurt- full to the whole body. 7. Alfo wee ordain, That no brother dwelling within the faid hofpital, goe abroad without the precincls and limits of the fame, except he fir ft fhew to the pri- or a juft caufe of his going, and the prior do allow the fame ; the filters in like fort fhall "not goe forth without a juft caufe firft {hewed to the priorelfe, and by her al- lowed. Whofoever fhall do contemptuoufly to this order, fhall (after three mo- nitions given him by the prior, if it be a brother, and by the priorefs, if it be a filler) be punifhed in the flocks * at the difcretion of the prior. Provided, That no brother or lifter being in the houfe, dwelling, be abfent more than two months in the year, jointly or feverally, except in common caufes or the houfe, Sec. and that the prior do make a note of their going and returning again, for the more certainty. 8. Alfo wee will and ordain, I hat there be a prior chofen yearly within one month next before the feaft of All Saints, or within one month next, and immedi- ately following the faid feaft, in fuch form and order as of an old cuftome hath been ufed : and as the bretheren do choofe their prior, fo wee will and ordain, that the lifters fhall choTe a priorefs. At which day the prior is chofen, fhall be allfo chofen four of the fkillfull, fober, and difcreet bretheren, to be affiftants and coun- fells to the prior that year, as well iu things appertaining to the ftate of the houfe, concerning the lands, tenements, and reparations, as alfo iuthe due execution of the statutes. . 9. Alfo we will, that the prior fhall underftand, that his office is to fee that his bretheren keep and obferve the flatutes and ordinances of the houfe ; as of the pri- oreffe, to call upon her fifters in like manner to do the fame. The prior, and one of the bretheren with him, or elfe two of the four bretheren, fhall every year twife at the leaft, that is to fay, at Eafter and Michaelmas, fee and view their church, their houfes both at home and abroad otherwayes, that, where need is, reparations may be done in time ; and to take diligent heed, that ueyther any of their lands be changed, nor ftript, ne waft upon their grounds, tibr in their houfes, be made by any of their tenants. The prior himfelfe, or fame one of his bretheren, mutt have from time to time a diligent eye to the woods which ferve for provifion of the houfe, that no fpoil, ne waft, be made of them* and that the fprings be fuffi- ciently fenced, and kept from cattle. 10. Alfo we will and ordain, That tbe prior, and one of the bretheren, as hath been aforetime accuftomed, fhall faithfully collect and gather up the rents and fums * Qi Whether this can be justified by law, thefe flatutes not having been confirmed by aft of Dftiliamcnt? Certain it is that this punifhment is never inflicted. D. of II E R B A L D O W N. 21' of money due to the houfe: and every year once, in the prefence of all the bre- theren, or of ten at the lea ft, make a true, and perfect, and plain accompt of I e fame, in fuch form and order as fhall be prefcribed by us; and in the end of the accompt fhall deliver up there that money which fhall be found to be in his or their hands, which money fhall be layd up in a treafury-houfe, in a coffer with three feveral keys and locks: in which coffer we will the foundation of the houfe, the charters and grants, and confirmations of charters, the ftatutes, all leafes, and the common feal, be warily kept : and the prior to keep one of the three keyes, and two of the brethren the other two, and no one man to have two of thofe keyes in his cuftody at one time ; but if any of the keepers o-o from heme he fhall leave his key with a brother that hath no key ; and the prioreffe fhall keep the key of the treafure-houle door. ii. Alfo we will and ordain, That if any brother fhall, by the teftimony of fix of the bretheren, or any fifter, by the teftimony of fix of the fifters, be convict before the prior, to be a common drunkard, a quarreler, a brawler, a fcold, or a blafphemous fwearer ; every fuch offender, fo convict, fhall for the firft time lit in the ftocks * one day and a night with bread and water; and offending in that fault again, fhail the fecond time be punifhed in the ftocks * two days and two nights ; and for the third offence in the fame crime, three days and three nights with bread and water only * ; but if, after the third punifhment, he or fhe do eft- foones offend in the like offence, then to be expulfed and driven out of the houfe for ever. 12. Alfo we ordain, That if a brother or fifter be accufed before the prior, of fornication or adultery, or that he or fhe receiveth or maintaineth fornicators, adulterers, or any fuch leud perfons, he or fhe, whether it be, fhall within one month next after any fuch accufations, make his or her purgation, before the prior and his four bretheren, after this manner: The brother accufed fhall bring fix of his brethren, who fhall depofe upon a book before the prior, that in their confeiences they think that man not faulty in that crime that he is accufed of. The fifter fhall bring fix of her fifters, which, by virtue of an oath, fhall teftifie, that in their confeiences they think flie is not faulty in the crime objected againft her ; which if they do, the prior fhall pronounce the party accufed to be clear and free from that fault. But if either brother or fifter faileth in his or her purgation, then the prior fhall pronounce that perfon to be faulty and convict of the crime, and immediately for the fame expulfe that perfon out of the houfe. 13. Alfo we will and ordain. That no leafe of any lands, houfes, tenements or ftocks of cattle, fhall pais under the common feal for term of year , without theaffentof us, and our lucceffors, firft had and obtained to the fame: and no reverfion to be given before the leafe be fully expired, or within one year of ex- piring f. * See note, p. 216. f A concurrent leafe, by the law of the land, may be granted thiee years before .the former leafe cxpirei. D. II h 4 14. Alfo 2iS ANTIQUITIES IN KENT. 14. Alio \vc will and ordain, That every of the lx brethren and fitters quar- terly, out of the vis. viii Ci. paid unto every of them by us and our fucceflbrs, {lull allow and leave in the prior's hand vmd. amounting in the whole to the furo of viul. which fhall he imployed to the flipend of an able prieft *, to be nominated, appointed, and admitted by us and our fucceflbrs, to be their curate, to inlliucl: them how to live in the love and fear of God, and to minifter unto them Ch rift's Huly Sacraments. 15. Alio, if any brother or fifter fhall willingly or wittingly do contrary to the oath taken at his or her admillion, for the due obfervation of thefe fiatutes ; we will and ordain, that every fuch perfon, upon a fufRcient proof thereof made, mall be accepted, reputed, and taken as perjured •, and for his offence fliall he expulfed out or the houfe, never after to enjoy any alms thereof. 16. Furthermore we will and ordain, I hat it fhall not be lawful for the bre- thren and fillers of the faid hofpita), at any time, to abrogate or change, or by any means hereafter to alter, thefe ftatutes, rules, and ordinances, or any of them, or any part of them, without our affent in writing under our fignet firft obtained and had. 17. And if any fcruple or doubt fhall hereafter arife about the fame, or any of them, we referve the interpretation of them to us and our fucceflbrs ; and that we during our life, may, if we fee juft caufe, put to, change, abrogate, and dis- annul them, and every of them, at our will and pleafure. 18. And for the more authority, and better confirmation, of thefe ftatutes, we the faid Matthew have put to our feal ; and the brethren and fifters, for a fure band for the due obfervation of the fame on their partie, have put to their common feal. -Given in our manner at Lambeth, the 15th day of September, in the 2d year of our fovereign Lady Elizabeth, by the grace of God, Queen of England France, and Ireland, defender of the faith, &c. and of our confecration the firft * The following note is entered in the margin : " This ftatute had bene fraudulently razed, and vi pence quatterly by the brothers detained from their piictFs flipend ; but the fraud being difcovercd by a collation of thes ftatutes [viz. of Herbaldown] with the ftatutes of St. John's ; it was ordered by my Lord's Grace, March 20, anno 161 1, that this ftatute ft.ould be reftored, and the ancient flipend unto the prieft revived. Sic tc/lor, Martin Fotherby f." Tiie fame flipend is paid to the chaplain, or reader, to this day. D. f " Son of Maurice Fotherby, of the ancient and genteel family of his name living at Grimfby in Lincoln- shire ; winch Martin having been bred Fellow of Trinity College in Cambridge, was, after he had been Preben- dary of Canterbury z*. years, confecrated at Lambeth on the 18th of April, 1618, [Bilhop of Salifbury]. He Surrendered up his lafl breath on the eleventh of March, an. 1619, and was buried in All-Saints Church in Lombard Street within the city of London. Soon after was a very fair monument ere&ed over his grave, with a large inlcription thereon, but deftroyed by the great fire that happened in London in the beginning of Sep- tember, 1666. He hath extant at leaft four Sermons, befides his « Atheomaflix,' which being put into the prefs before his death, was not publifhed till 1622, fol." Ath. Ox. I. 726. Additions H E R D A L D O W N. 219 Additions * to the former Statutes, made by the faid Reverend Father in God, Auguft 20, 1565. [19. ITEM, We will that the minifter, to whom we have committed the charge of your ibule, fhall be no underling to the prior, or at his commandment, but, for hi j office lake, equal with the prior; and the minifter to affift the prior with counfel, and the prior to affift the minifter in executing our ftatutes ; that as in name ye be called, lb in the whole converfation of your lives, ye may live together like bretheren and fitters before God and the world.] 20. Item, We will that none, having our difpenfation to be an out-brother or filler, be luffered to be an in-brother or filter, until he or fhe hath furrendered to us or our fucceflbrs his or her difpenfation : and then to have a new warrant from us or our fucceffns, to be received an in-brother or filter. [:i. Item, We do ordain, that all and every of the bretheren or fillers, being at home and in health, do go every Sunday together in feemly order, to hear the fer- mon at Chrift's Church."] 22. Item, We will that every brother or filler do keep clean and fweet their dorter-chambers -f, and do lie in the fame two weeks in the year at lealt, between the feaft of the Annunciation of our Lady, and the feaft of St. John the Baptift. 23. Item, We will the prior to fee, from time to time, that the faid dorters * be fufficiently repaired ; or elfe, after two admonitions given by the prior before the bretheren and fillers in the common hall, and yet not amended, to flop fo much of his or her wages, as he by the advice of two or three of the bretheren (hall think reafonable for the fufficient repairing of the fame. Matthew Cantuar.'. Additioni again, May 20, 1574. 24. I T E M, We will and ordain moreover, that whatfoever brother or filler fhall hereafter offer his or her corrody to fell, or fhall lay the fame to mortgage, the fame perfon fhall immediately for the fame fault or offence, upon a fufficient proof thereof by two witneffes, ceafe to be taken any longer for a brother or filter, and fhall lofe his or her living in this our hofpital, by expulfion out of the fame houfe, and be deprived from all the commodities of the fame. And alfo, that he * "N.B. That in the* additions here wanteth one, wherby the prieft is made equail to the prior, and adjoyned unto him as an affiftant in the government of the howfe, as may be feen iri' the ftatutes of St. John's hofpital, p. 16." The omiflion noticed by Dr. Fotherby arc here lup, plied from Strype, being the firft of the additions, and numbered 19. He has alfo fupphed another omiffion, which is numbered 21. t There was formerly a large building in St. John's Hofpital, called the Dorter (or Dormito. ry) which was taken down by the order, or content, of Archbifliop Potter in 1744.. D. H h 2 or 220 A N T I Q^U ITIES IN KENT. or {he, which is not a brother or fifter, and hath bought any fuch corrody, {hall never have grant or other corrody to be admitted into any of the fame rooms fo bought and bargained for. 25. Item, We will and ordain, that every fn-brother and in-fifter, and fo ma- ny of the ont-brothers and out- inters as be dwelling within the city of Cant', cv near thereunto, and having the ufe of fpeech and reafon, ill a 1 1 ence every year in the time of Lent, before .Eafter, being called thereunto, come and fay over the catechifme, either before the minifter of your houfe, or before him whom we or our focceiTors {hall appoint for the fame matter; and that brother or fifter which fhall refufe to be obedient to this order, and doth not learn the catechifm againft the fame time, or elfe doth negligently forget the fame, after he or fhe hath once learned it, that brother or thac lifer fo offending fhall want or lofe his or her quarter's ftipend at the next quarter-day following, for the fame offence, and be further punifhed, as we or our fucctffors Ihall appoint, if they do not conform themfelves to this order afterwards. And die faid quarters fipend, or ftipends, in fuch fort abridged, and taken from fuch unorderly perfons, fhall go to the repara- tion of the houfe to be immediately imployed upon the fame. Matth. Cantuar*. 37. A parchment book in quarto (with an iron box, in whieh Was formerly, as fuppofed, the Archbifhop's feal) containing the fame ftatutes of Abp. Parker,, with obfervations in the margin in the hand-writing of Dr. Fotherby, and the following injunctions of iucceeding Archbifhops, Order of Archbifhop Whitgift, 1591. WHEREAS I have received very certeine information, that divers inconre- niences have already growen, and are likly to growe ciayly, to the two hofpitalls of Harbaldowne and St. Johns, by the children of fuch brothers and filters as have lived in them, for that after the death of their parents they are Icf: is orphanes in the fayde hofpitalls, to the greate difquiet and charge of the poore bretheren and fifters there: 1 have thought good to fet downe this order and de- cree, for the redreffe of this diforder and inconvenience, that hereafter there be noe children admitted into the fayde hofpitalls. But in cafe the parents be admitted as brethren or fifters into them, they ihall otherwife provide for the bringinge upp of their faid children, and not charge or trouble the faid hofpitalls with them ; which order and decree I doe will to be inviolably kept, and to be regiftred in ey- ther of the faid hofpitalls, for the better obfervacon thereof. Yeoven under my hand and feale at Lambehith the jutji of May, mcccccxci, anno regine Eliza- bethe xxxm. Joh. Cantuar'. 2*. WHERE- M E R B A L D O W K. aa. Regulations of Abp. Abbott, 1618. 2*. WHEREAS the pryors of HarbaTdownev together with thcyr affiftants, a:-. J others of the brotherhood, have, by an unfufferable bqldnefle, worthye of punifh- ment, prefumed to make leafles of theire lands without my cqnfent, u here- unto the letter of the ftatute dothe necefTarilye bir.de them, which eonfent of myne in thefe cafes I doe not otberwife paiTe then under my owne hand, whatfoever ibrhe have otherwise conceyved, becaufe fuch grantes, beinge allredye paiTed under theire common feale, cannot well be recalled or anulled : For preventing the like inconveniences for the tyme to come, my order is, that none prefume to ex- change or demife fchej . : lands, in ether of the hofpitalles, without my fpeciall aifent and eonfent therunto required. And forafmuch as there hath bin a ftocke of xn kine and a bull, which now is no longer in being,-, but is alienated from the hof- pytall at Harbaldo.vne, and the lands and houfes which wear made over to the hofpitall to fecure the fayd ftocke have of late bin releafed ; my order is, that the matter be througlie examined, and that wee may be certified. And feeinge ther is a new farmer of late admitted, which hathe taken upon him to make good ther (lock at the end of xxi years; I hold it neceffarye that he give in good cau- tion to the hofpitall, and that fubfidie men be bound with him and for him. 3. I think it fitt and convenient that the mafter of the hofpitalles have a coppie of theis ftatutes; and therfore doe foe ordayn, that for the prefearving of the' letter of the ftatute from defacinge or razinge, and for which the brothers of Harbal- downe have bin heretofore challenged by my predeceffor, that the mafter by offer- ing the coppies of bothe bookes, the ftatutes beinge the fame in bothe hofpittales, tranferibe a perfect copie of all ftatutes and injunctions therin contavned, for his direcao". 4. I doe furthermor injoyne that the mineftre in either of the hofpitalles, acording to my Lord Archbyihoppe Parker's injunctions, be equall with the prior in all thinges. And consequently that he be called to all fraternities and meetings; and that noe bu- fynefs of the hofphails be tranfacted without him. 5. That in regard that the evidences and writinges of the hofpitall at Harbaldown have bine lofelye kept, and lbm embeayzeled ; as it is thoughte, which if ther be good proofe, I will furely punilh ; I doe likewife appoint, that the minefter of Harbaldown, in regard that he is a fworne in-brother, and is othervvife made equall to the prior in all reipc&es, have one of the three keyes of the muniment chefte. 6. That the prior a.-d his affiftants at Harbaldowne produce theyre ancient original rentail in parchment, which is ufuallie kept ineverie hofpitall, and hathe thel)kelat- lye bin (hewed to the mafter by the brothers of St. John's ; which if they (hall fayle to exhibite, I (hall have jufte caufe to fufpeci: that thay have loft or embeazeled it amonge other writinge, or els that thay doe on purpofe couccale .t . By HERBALDOWN. %i t BytheLordeArchbifhope of Canterbury [Sheldon] hisGrant, 19th of February 1663, BEING given to underlland that the in-brothers and lifters of my two hofpi- talls of Northgate and Harbledowne, after there admiffion, doe fometimes marry, and that to ttrangers, perfons not members of the houfe, nor iubjecT: or ftvorne to the orders and government of the fame, and fuch fometimes as bringe a traine of children alonge with them, to the great incumbrance of the houfe, and the defeatinge the founder's intention : For remedie, therefore, and prevention of this abufe and corruption in time to come, I doe hereby order and decree, that if any in-brother or in- filler of either of my faid hofpitalls, already admitted or to be admitted, mall heereafter marry to or with any perfon that fhall not then be a member of the houfe, hee or fhee foe marrying (hall ipfo fafto forfeite and forgoe his or her in-brothers or in-filters place ; and (hall forthwith quitt or be expelled the houfe. And that this my order and decree may have its Full effect, my further will and pleafure is, that it bee forth- with entred and regiftred in the ftatute-booke of each hofpitall, that every brother and filler may take notice of it, and conforme unto it as a ftatute, which by there oath the\ (hall bee obliged to obferve equally with the reft. Given under my- hand and figne manuall att Lambeth, the nyneteenth day of February, 1663. Gilb. Cant. Archbifhop Sancroft's Regulations, 1686. To the Matters, Priors, Brothers, and Sifters of the Hofpitalls of St. Nickolas in Harbledowne, and St. John's Norgthgate, neere Canterbury, refpeftively, TT 7ILLIAM Lord Archbifhop of Canterbury fends greetinge in our Lord God; \ V Wheareas wee have bin informed that fom of the in-brothers and in-fifters of our hofpitalls of St. Nicholas in Harbledowne, and St. John's Northgate, neare Canterbury, doe live and vend in other places, and not in the houfes allotted to them in the faid hofpitalls, without any leave or difpenlation from us had, con- trary to the ftatuts of the faid hofpitalls, wheareby, and befides many other incon- veniences, the faid houfes goe much to decay and ruine : For the prevenfion of thefe mifchiefes, wee do heareby decree and ordaine, that all fuch perfons before mentioned, who at prefent live out of the faid hofpitalls, and have houfes there, doe, before the feaft of St. John Baptis next enfewing, repair to and dwell in theire faid houfes, except thay obtaine our difpenfacion according to the ftatuts of the fayd hofpetalls : And that the priors of the refpective hofpitalls (hall, upon, the receipt heareof, forthwith give notis to the perfons confernd, tBat if thay doe not obey this order, the prior fhall detaine theire (Upend for the publick ufe of the hofpitall; and if thay doe not perform this order within fix monts after the feaft. of St. John. Baptis, there places {hall be pronounced in the F rater-hall by the maf- ter A N T I Q_U 1 T I K S IN KENT, rer and prior of each hofpitall to be actually void, of wich the prior fhall give notis to us and our fucceflbrs, under his hand as ulealy. And il heareafter ar.y in- brother or in-fiiler that lhall be admitted into ether of the faid hofpitalls fhall not d'vell in their respective houfes within one month alter there admittance, then there itipends (ball be detained as before for the publick ufe ; and if within fix monts aft that thay fhall not com and actually inhabit there, that then their place fhall be actually void, as in cafe of death. And cafe wee or our fucceilors fhall fee rcfon to grant any fuch dilpenfafion to any perfon, vet the prior of each hofpitall fhall detaine after the rate of fixpence a month, during there abfence, out of the penfion of each perfon foe difpenfed with, to be layd out one the repaires of their fayd hofes foe uninhabited, in cafe thay want any, and if not, for the publick repairs of the hofpitall. And for the better keeping of the faid houfes in repaire for the tine to com, we doe heareby order and decree, that twice in the yeare, to wir, in the month of Mitch and September, the matter, or fuch perfons as he fhall apoint, with the prior of e.ich, fhall take a perticuler furvay of the wants of repaires of all the houfes and bildings in both hofpitalls; and in cafe any of them neede repairing, the prior fli ill forthwith give notis to the refpeclive perfons concernd therein, that within two month thay make good fuch repaires ; and in cafe thay neglect to make good fuch repaires within the faid time, the prior of each hofpitall imediate- ]y, with the approbation of the matter of the hofpitall, fet men one worke to make good fuch repaires, and deduct the charges of doeing thereof out of the ftipends of the fayd partis-, and the prior fhall take care that the publique bildings, fuch as the chappell and hall, and other bildings, of each hofpitall, be repaird-, and that the mafter of the faid hofpitalls give us and our fucceffors notis of the obfervation of this decree every year in the month of October. And whearras fom perfons, by reafon of age and imferrnite, cannot be fufH- chently provided for alone by the f/pends of the refpeclave hofpitalls, wee doe heireby further decree and ordaine, that, before the admifhon of any in-brotheror in-fitter, ether the officer of the parifh from whence thay com, or fom other fub- ftantiall perfon, fhall give fecurity by bond to the refpeclive priors for the time be- ing, in cafe the matter of the refpeclive hofpitalls require the fame, that, by refon of ficknes, age, or other infirmites, fuch perfons admited cannot live and be main- tained by the ilipend of the faid hofpitalls only, that then fuch further refonable alowar.ee lhall be made to them, out of the refpeclive parilhes whence fuch pear- fons com, as the Deane of Chrift Church Canterbury, or the Mayor of Canterbury for the time being, or any one of the juttices of peace, not being of the laid pa- rifh, fhall think tit to order to be alowed *. And wee doe alllbe heareby injoyne the llricl performance of the ftatuts of each hofpitalls, againft the admifhon of * Certificates, which had been ufual, being ineffectual as the Hofpitals are extra-parochial; fuch a bond as is above required is now given, on every admiflion, by fome friend of the pauper, ( bilging hirnfelf, under a penalty of io 1. to pay weekly whatever two jullices of the peace for the county Way order, in cafe the perfon admitted faould by accident or infirmity be unable to fubfiit en the itipendof thcHoipital. D. X chilldren H E R B A L D O W N. 22; cTiilldren and grand chilldren, or other perfons to dwell with the (aid in-brothers or in-lifters In ether hofpitall, un!es it be found needfull by the matter ot tlie hof- pitall for any of the in-brothers or in-fifters to have fom com of theire chilldren or relations to nurs them in their infirmities and ficknes, and that the mailer of the hofpitalle doe imediately examin what perfons in each hofpitah now redding are concerned in this decree, and fee it imediately put in execufion, and certifie this alllo to us and our fucceflbrs in the month of Oftober every yeare, as before. And wee doe heareby further order and decree, that all payments and (lipends, payable to an vin-brother or in-fifter.or out-brother or out-fifter, that (hall dy or depart this life at any time heareafter (hall goe and be payd from the time of there death into the reparacon purfe of the refpecYrve hofpitalls untill the day of admittance of fum other perfon or perfons into there refpeftive place or places ; and once in a yeare, in the month of October, the (aid reparation purfe (hall be cad up, and acount made by the prior to the matter of all the payments and dilburfments relating to the fame, which account (hall be made apart by itfelfe. And wee doe allfoe heareby injoyne and command, that the readers of each refpeclive hofpitall (hall ftriclly obferve the (latuts of the fame hofpitalls, in ca- techifing the in-brothers and in-fifters, efpeflbaly in the time of Lent ; and in cafe he be remis therein, the rnafler of the faid hofpitalls (hall in forme us thereof; and. in cafe any of the in-brothers or in-fifters (hall be neglygent in their duty hearein, thay fhall be feverly punelhed acording to the ftatutes. And our will and command is, that thefe feverall decrees and orders, and things contained, be forth- wit tranfcribed into the boock of (latuts of the refpeclive hofpitalls, and forever heareafter be performed and kept as the reft of theire (latuts are and ought to bee. Given under our archiepifcopal feal, this fourth day of March, in the third yeare of the reain of our foverin Lord James the Second, by the grace of God, over England, Scotland, France, and Ireland king, defender of the faith, and of our confecrafione the tenth, anno Domini 16S6. 38. Sequeftration of Eaft bridge Hofpital by Abp. Courtney, 25 July, 1394. This ieems to be an ancient copy. TT7ILL'M'S, permiffione divina Cantuarien' archiepus, tocius Angl 1 primas, \ V & aphce fedis legatus, diledtis in Xpo filiis magro Wilto Savage, in legibus baccalaureo, & Jotii Bedell, notario publico, ac reclori ecctie beate Marie de Bied- rrran iire dioc', falutem, gratiam, & benedictionem. Ad nrra nuper pveiiit auditum quod nonnulla bnera hofpit' Sci Thome martyris de Eallbregge, nre civitat' Can- tuar' incumbencia, miaime fupportant', hofpitalique pdicl' nonnullis punic'Sc accoib* tarn in domibus quam in rebus aliis ad ipfum hofpital' pertinentibus abinde nolcitur in prefenti : Nos igitur, ex caufis prediftis & aliis nos in hac parte movemibus, om. aes 2t flngulos fruftus, redditus, & pvenciones hofpit' pdci tarn pfcntcs quam futu- I i ros i26 A N T I C^U ITIES IN KENT. ros dirigimus fequeftrand', prout tenore pfencium fequeftramus, vobis committim' is veftrum alter' divifim committing & mandam' quacumque iequellr' nrm hmoi publi- cantes & ad ipfor'pro mtefos* notitia deducentes frutfus, redditus, & provenc' hofpi- tal' pdi' fub arta & falva cuftodia fequeflr' ficuti

. XLV S- H E R B A L D O W N. The farme of one tenement wirhin the faid fcite in the tenure of Carter at J will. Bv the veare The farme of one clofe, pafhir, heath- ground, call d Uabcl meade *, conteining twenty acres, xl s. of one peece of land in Devington mede, conteining three rods, n s. in the tenure and occupation of the faid prior and prioriffe, for the common ufe of the hofpitall, but valued in the whole by the yeare The farme of one tenement and gardin in the parifh of St. Michael of Harbal- downe, lying nigh the well there, in the tenure of Giles Allyn at will, by yeare The farme of diverfe tenements in the pari(h of St. Dunftan of the faid city, in the tenure of [George Hunt, x s. Henry Maye, vis. vmct. John Bold, vi s. vincT. Ro- bert Capper, vis. vintf. John , mi s. Agnes , in s. and Thomas , vnis.t] fo to them dimifed at will. The whole •{ by yeare The farme of three tenements in Ive- lane in the parilh of St. Paul, at will di- mifed The farme of one acre of land in the pa- rifh of Goodnefton lying neer the tenement of Bull, in the tenure of John Bull, at will, by the yeare The farme of two crofts called Devell's Gate, in the parilh of Heron or Chiftlett, conteining mi acres, in rodds, in the te- nure of John Churche, at will. By yeare The farme ot xx acres of land in the pa- rilh of Heme, to wit, of the third part of lx ] acres of land in three parts divided, in the tenure of John Byngeham, as by the )» xxvs. i u indenture above, among the lands of the I hofpital of St. John without Northgate, ! Canterbury, is remembered. By the yeare j *■ See note f p. 227. f Omitted in the tranflation. % Now 50 acres, more or lefs, let on leafe to Mrs. Jane Tucker, at a referved rent of 14! „ »f which the third part is 4 1. 13 s. 4d. The x s* XXII 5. VII .-:, acLis. viii 3. mi s.-f- xiu i. vi s. via ft. LXVIII S. VIlCi. \\ c 3 o A N T I C^U I T I K S IN KENT. The farme of the moyety of a tenement "1 and lands in the parifh of Goodneftone called Rowlinge, conteining xciv acres of land*, in Farmes in the tenure of William Joley, by indenture diverfe pa-*( above, among the lands and pulfeflions of rifhes. the faid hofpital of St. John recited. By the yeare '['he farme of the pa (Turing of fourteen Ifheepe, and one rodd of mei fh-land, in the parifh of Graveney, in the tenure of John ( Okeden, by indenture, dated day j yeare of the now king Henry Vlllth. j By yeare Part of the fee-farme of the citty of Canterbury, by the graute of Henry (_II.] b lbmetime king of England, &c. f A certaine annuitie, ifTuing out of the lands of the late monaftery of the Church of Chrift, Canterbury, yearlie allowed, by decree of the counfell of the Court of Aug- mentations, and by the hand of the receiver of the faid court in the county of Kent. Paid by yeare Annuities A certaine like annuity, ifTuing out and penlions. i the lands of the late piiorie of Leeds, al- lowed by the aforefaid decree, and by the hands of the faid receiver. Paid by yeare A certaine annual pennon, or annuity, ifTuing out of the manors of Reculver and Boughton, and out of the recTory of Re- culver, by the Archbifliop of Canterbury. _ Paid by the yeare * Now let on leafe to Sir Narborough D'Aeth, Bart, at a referred rent of 16I. per ann. t» each hofpital, and three bufhels of wheat. By a map in the hofpital-cheft, taken in 1617, there were then only 80 acres and a half, and 29 perches, at 16 feet and a half to the rod. Now by eftimation there are 88. f This is now probably dwindled into an annuity of 2 s. per arm. paid by John Lade, Efq. See p. 179. i The fame fum is dill paid by the chamberlain. See the grant, p. 205, N° 4.. || For thefe two fums, now making together 3 1. 18 s. 6 d. two debentures are annually deli- vered to the mailer, or his order, foon after Michaelmas, by the auditor of the king's land-revenue (or fee-farm rents) by virtue of which it. is paid as above, by the receiver -general oi thatreyenue iox Kent, Surrey, and Suffex ; at prefent James Belt, Efq. 7 s. 4d. two debentures. 4 2 receiver's fee. of J , X s. txxxl. II u clear. See the Appendix to Norlhgate, Chap. II. N° 11. De- M E R B A L D O W N. 2S5- fees. Rents fcrved. re- xxvi s. VIII ct > LXVIIl S. VIII >T,- Woods and under- woods. Deductions. Fees to the collector of the rents of the lands and poffeflions of the 'forefaid hofpi- tall. By the yeare Rents paid out, iffuing out of diverfe ] lands and tenements, parcell of the pollef- I lions of the aforefaid hofpitall, to wit, to the manor of Weftgatc, for rent of the fcite of the faid hofpitall and parcell of de- mefne lands, xv s. n 6\* to the maner of Tunford, for rent ot parcel of the demefne lands xvius. xd. to the maner of Thytche 4 for rent of land called Il'abel Meade vm s. 1 1 1 1 ct. to the deane and chapter of Canterbu- ry, for rent of a parcell of wood-land there, ii d. to William Fyneux, Efquire, for rent of land called Deveil'sGatef in HerneJ, xvct. to the king's majelty, for rent of tenements in Ive lane, xvi d.-f; to the church-wardens to St. Dunftan, for rent of tenements in the parifh there, xnd. to John Freeman, for rent of two tenements in the fame paffh, called Blanket Houfe, vi 8. to the manor of Wyngeham, for rent of land called Rol- lynge, xms. mid. and to the manor of Heme, for rent of twenty acres of land there, in s. and to the manor of Welcourte v s. ix cT. In the whole by the yeare And it isclerely worth, above all the de- ductions aforefaid, by the yeare One wood, called The Hofpitall Wood, fjtag on the fouth part of the king's highway leading towarde Canterbury, nere the Hermi- tage there in the parith of St. Michael of Harbaldowne, content- } exui.*: i ing by eftimation xx acres. One other wood, called Brotherhood Wood, lying on the north fide of the faid way, nere Bofomden Wood, in the parifh aforefaid conteining by eftimation x acres f|. Ten acres are of age fufBcient to be cutt downe, every acre being of the value of xxvi s. vm ct. • The fame fum is ftill paid to that manor. •)• This quit-rent is now paid to the city of Canterbury. J The exadt fum is ml. 19s. 3d. The North Wood now contains J5 acre*, the South Wood 48. he .;: A N T I Q^U I T I E S IN KENT. 41. The Anfwere of the Brothers and the CurateorChauntrie Prieft* of the Hofpital of Saynte Nycoles of Herbaldowne to cerren Articles to them mynyftred by the Kyr.g's Majeftje's Commiffioners. Hen. VIII. (Not dated.) ^pO the fyrft we anfwere, that we have a chauntrie prieffc which hathe the care J. of all the brothers and fullers within the faid hofpital!, and mynvftreth unto us all the facraments when need requyreth, and faithe devVne fervice, according to his foundacyon ; and the faid prieft is one of the number of the brothers of the faid hofpitall in part of his flypend. Alfo the faid prieft hathe exhybytid a rentall, where- in is conteynid all the revenues, profyts unto the faid chauntre prieft of the faid hofpitall, and the yerly refolving and deductions beying govng owt of the lame. Imprimis, a howfe where the prieft dwellith callid Clavering, and an orchard adjoinyng to the hofpitall, be eftimacon worth yerly, xins. mi 3. Item, a tenement aginft th'hofpitall of Harbaldowne and a gardin at 1 111 acres and halfe acre of lande thereto adjoynyng by ellymacion, worth yerly, xxns. vm o\ Item, divers lands callid Mekynbroke lyeng in the pariftie of Heme, whiche lands perteynethe to the mafter of th'hofpitall of Eaftbryg in Can- terbury, and payeth yerly to the faid prieft, int. vis. vm 3. Item, owte of Hoth corte lying in the parifhe of Cofmas Blean, the whiche lands partey neth to the mailer of th'hofpitall of Eaftbryg in Can- turbury, and paithe yerly, xxxais. niicf. Item, the laid piieft is one of the numbre of the poor brothers of the faid hofpitall, and recevythe yerly for his porcyou as other doth ther by eftimacion xxxms. imcf. Suinma vm t. xins. mid. Whereof is paid yerly to rnr Fynyx of Heme for quyt rent for a tenement, above wryttyn ins. vi 3. And in hens and a koke for the fame tenement, xim d. oB. DiiTolved anno sio Ed. Sexti. 42. 1. An order for the recovery of certain lands to the Hofpital at Herbaldown, 17 June, 12 Char. I. 1637. 42. 2. A writt of execution of a decree of charitable ufes for the Hofpital of St. Nicholas Herbaldoune, in Kent. It is to Mary Countefs of Weftmoreland and Arthur Ruck her tenant, to reftore three acres and a half in I.arons tenement, and one in the field called Rede, formerly given to the Hofpital by John de Thongford, 21 April, 14 Charles I. 1639. 43. Letter of Attorney to William Oliver the prior to collect the rents granted to the Hofpitals by Capt. Charles Bowles (which rents had been p urchafed by him of the Parliament's feoffees) in lieu of their augmentation money, 8 July, 1659. * Tberj probably George Haggys. See p. 1S3. 44. A II E It B A L D O W N. 44. A Remonflrance of ill ufage from a tenant (of and to whom is not fail) in behalf of the Hofpital, dated from Chrift Church, Canterbury, 18 Aug. 1591, by John Hyll * 'Y duty and commendations to your worfhip remebred, &c. The poore bro- thers of Hi!. ne Hofpitall do mofte humbly crave your worfhip's fa- in the matters that are in controverfyc. They thinkc themfelves to be hardly uled at your farmers handes, f Firft, for Dunlande, where theire deedes do manifeftly leade them to have an aker, a roode, and the eight parte of an aker, and yet your worfhip's farmer doth wytheholde the lame from them and occupied* it, before there be any determination of the controverfyc, for he wolde Beaver yet, iince the meafurynge of it, lett them underftandc Dunlands.<^ what the quanntie of it was. Howbeit, by there owne meafurynge of it, they fynde that there is ynowghe in the peece to allowe to your worfhip nyne acres and xxx perches, and 1 aker, 1 roode, and ix perches to remayne to the Hofpitall, befydes that whiche lyeth betwyxte the Burne and the edge of the eightyne akers as parte of \he xvni akers. s Secondly, For Larones tenemente, the pece as it now lieth con- teyneth, by their meafuremente, eight akers and eight perches, for the whiche they have divers deedes of fundry parcells, whiche, by great probabilitie, do leade them to thinke that to be theire owne lande, as firfte one deede of mi acres dl, gyven by John of Tun- forde, wherof in acres dT. lye in a fielde called by the name of La- rones Tenemente, and 1 acre lyeth in a fielde called the Rede f, and 11 acres were gyven by Peter Durante and Felix his wvffe, whiche alfo were confirmed by Joane of Dufhington. Alfo in the before named dede of John of Tunforde (wherin he gyveth them mi acres di.) he furthermore gyveth them the haffe of that lande whiche he purchafed of the tenemente of Levenote, lyinge in the fame fielde called Larones tenemente •, whiche halfe parte, if it be efteeraed at 1 acre dl. and vm peerches, added to the reft, will make up vm acres vm perches. And that this fiiowlde be theire Larones tenement, Tenerne' t ^ n h atne trus probabilitie for prooffe, the Rede and Larones Tene- ment do joygne togeather; but it is certen that the Rede is pane of this vm acres which they call Larones Tenement, for it lieth in the northweft corner of it: yea, your worfhip's owne note under S r Ch. Hale's hande (unles I be deceyved) doth by an interlyme not< Rede to be Larones Tenement, or in Larones Tenement, whiche if it * B. D. prebendary of Canterbury, which he obtained by exchange with Dr. John Pory for a canonry of Weflminfter, in 1568. By this letter it (hould feem that he was alfo matter l. Hofpital. He died in 1595. t See p. 232, N° 42, 2. Lauron's K k be *34 A N T 1 QJJ [TIES IN KENT. be granted, then is there no dowbte but that fielde mufl neades be Larones Tcnemcme. And to proove that that fielde is not Northbyg? berye (as y.our worfliip fuppoieth) the brothers fay, that they have inquired of the awncimeft inhabitantes therabour, who do affirme that Northbygbery lyeth above the bowndes of that fielde weftwarde, and Sowthbygberye lyeth fowth from Larones Tenement, and Northbyg* berie, and that the two Bygberies are devyded by a footepath betwixte- them. And therfore they humbly crave of your worfliip, that you wolde fearche amonge ycure owne evydences how the fayd Northbyg- bery is bownded, for therebv the truthe wolde appeare. ['or if voui* Northbygbery be bownded any way as is that pece of v.in acres vni peerches, whiche they call Larones Tenememe, then hath youre wor- fliip great probabilitie on youre fyde, otherwyfe the probabilitie is greate for them. /- Theire thirde grieffe is towchinge Lowers Crofte, which your wor- fliip claymeth from them, only by a bownde mentioned in an inden- ture of exchange betwixte Sir Tho. Fogge, Knyght and them, whiche myght be fett downe by fome error of the wryter of the fayd inden- ture, or by overfyght and unfkilfulnes in takynge of the bowndes; but if it myght pleafe your worfliip to fliew fome deede that bowndeth the fame, they wolde quietly Hand theruntoe, for that wolde put all ovvt of dowbte, otherwyfe they think theire deede to carry more pro- babilitie than that indenture. That fielde bowndeth upon Goldhill northe, upon the way Ieadynge from Canterbury to Chilham eafte, upon Dunlande fowth and weft, whiche bowndes, if they be men- tioned in any of youre worship's deedes, the matter wil be cleare. But this they complayne of in the meane while, that your wor- fliip putteth them to make evydent prooffe by theire deedes, and for lack therof do take the lande from them, and yet yourefelfe do (hew no deedes to proove it your owne by any bowndes mentioned thcrin. Youre worfliip's note fiyth that Lokeres Crofte is the fame that is called Lader Crofte, whiche you proove by a rentale, thus noted in the margyne, " Loker's Crofte p rentale modo vocat' Lader Crofte." But that this conjecture feemeth not to be true, it thus appeareth : There are two feverall deedes of the two croftes, and Loker's Crofte in the deede therof is bownded only upon the higheway Ieadynge from Canterbury to Chilham ; but Lader Crofte, in the deed therof, is bownded not only upon the fayd highewaye fowth, but alfo to the eightyne akers eaft, and to Parnels Croffe Lane north and weft. If they were all one, they wolde be alyke bownded ; but fo they are not, d therfore it is lyke that they are feverall peces. Wherfore the note Vecr : < th to be but an erroneous. conjecture of him that made it. Theire fourth and 1 .fie gryelTe is the takynge of the wheat fowen upon the over- plus of g'rownde in. i urnfofde fielde, wherin notwythftandyhge, they hope to fynde more favor at your worfliip's handes than is pretended by your farmer, the rather Theire I ockyer's Crofte. H E R B A L D O W N. 235 beraufe the lande was Cu\\c:. "his controverfy v rved ; for if the farm had knowne that he (howlde have bvnc : the croppe, it is not lyke that he wolde have cared it . . de upon it. They humbly crave therfore of youre worfhip, that it myg tfe you * fome refonable re- corapence for the lande . ne from intcr- rhedlynge u] and lcepe wytliiri theire owne bowndes, a w thern- fclves thankful! for your worfhip's favor. Thus have I deliver > u our worfhip the fummc of theire grieffes, arrd w all the growndes and reafons vvhiche they alleadge f( nfelves, v done to th'end youre worihip may confider of them, and therupon refolve as fnall feeme good unto your wyfdome. And whatfoeaver it fhall pleafe your worihip to returne for anfwere to thofe four poyntes, either for the overthrow; ire clayme and reafons, or for the eftablifhinge of youre c due, I fhall ; fully delyver unto them, to fatisfie them as muche a? (hall lye in me, and to kepe them quiett and contented. And thus, wyfshinge and prayinge for your worfbi-'s health, I commend the fame unto the Lorde. Canterbury, from Chriii I ,:, the i3th of AugufT, 1591. Youre worship's to his power, Johm Hyll. 45. Bull of Pope John * confirming the poffeffions of Herbaldown Hofpital, and exempting them from Tithes, fi 3 19.J JOHANNES epus, fervus fervorum Dei, dilecYis filiis Priori & fratribus hof- pitalis leprofor' Sci Nicholai de Herbaldon', Cantuarien' dioc', fatem & aplicam benedictionem. Sacrofanfla Romana eccleha devotos h humUcs Alios rx affuete pietatis officio propencius dirigere confuevit, 8c, ne prayorum hominurri m - leftiis agitantur, eos tanquam pla mater fue protection is ntiu'nin ine, ci . Ea- propter, dilecli in Domino filii, veftris juftis poftulacfonjbus grjatirj concurrente's affenfu, perfonas veftras, & locum in quo fub communi infn e'egiris, cum omnibus bonis que impfenciar' raconabiliter poflidetis, aut in futur' fuflis modis, dante Do- mino, poteritis adipifci, fub beati Petri h nra proteccone iufcepimus ■ liter au- tern terras, domos, pratum, pafcua, grangias, maneriaj nernqra, mqlendina, pif- iaSj jura, jurifdicTiones, vineas, ortos, & alia bona ~ra, ficut ea jufte ac pacifice obtinetis, nobis, & per nos hofpitali veftro aplica auftoritate'eonfirmarnus, & pferitis icripti patrccinio munimimus ; diftricciusinhibentes ne qiiis de-orti , feu de vror' aTalium inftrumentis decimas a vobis exigere vel extorquere pfurmit. Nulli ergo.omnino homini liceat hanc paginam hre c pteccior;is, confirmationis, & in- hibiconis infringere, vel ei aufu temerario ccntraire. Si quis autem hoc attempt re pfumpferit, indignaconem omnipotentis Dei & beatorum Petri & Pauli apl6ru;u ejus fe noverit incurfurum. Dat' Auinion' J, id Junii, pontificatus iiri anno tertio. * XXII. as he was the only Pope of that rwme who relided :<.. where lie governed the church from 1 3 16 to 1334; confequently this muft be dal a man of " underftanding, had prodigious activity, immenfe wealth, and great conftancy in purfuing u hat " he once undertook." See Mrs. Dobfon'6 Life of Petrarch, vol. I. p. 92. + See a letter of Mr. Hall's, p. 1S9. ' The Roman S« a Gafcon Pope in 1313, and continued there above 70 K k z ferii w 236 ANTIQUITIES IN KENT. PRIVATE DEEDS. 1. (Indorfo, manu antiqua.) Carta Eilgar de la Burne fil'i Godeh-idi de una acr^ & quarta parte unius acre terre q jaceut in campo q vocatur Gore *. Sans date. 2. (In d. m. a ) Charta Eilgar' de la Burne filii Godefridi de quatuor acris terre & fex pcatis que jacent in campo q vocatur Gore. Sans dare. 3. (In d. m. a.) Carta Petri St Walteri nT Roberti de Beregetliege de quatuor acris terne que jacent in campo qui vocatur Gore inter Elfgar de la Burne. Sans date. 4. (m.a.) Carta Terri' aurifabri de quatuor acris terre que jacent in campo qui vo- catur Gore. Sans date. 5. Releafe from Tho. Athonvvorde, to the Hofpital, of a quit rent of one penny p an. iffuing out of [a piece of land called] Combe \ in the parilh of St. Michaels Heibuldoune, 29 Edw. 1. 6. (m. a.) Carta Richardi fil' Guidonis de una acra & quarta parte unius acre terre que jacet in campo qui yocatur Cknlinge. Sans date. 7. (m. a.) Carta Ris de Weflgate de decern den' liberi redditus fiii de una acra terre & dimid' que jacet in campo qui vocatur Erode fole. Sans date. (The imprefiion of the feal, which is perfecT, reprefents a flower de luce. In- fcription round it, sigilv riis de westgate.) (See plate IV. fig. ;.) 8. (m. a.) Carta Eilgar' de la Burne de una virgata & dimid' virgata terre j, que jacent juxta terram que vocatur iealde hamfiall. Sans date. 9. xx 3. a year near the bourne Southward, and the downe Northward. By Walter fon of Robert de Beregethege. * Bhmegore is at prefent called the 18 acres, and contains 19 ; in 1761 it was entirely planted with hops. f Ccmle is part arable, part hop-ground, without any wood. J The bounds are thus defcribed, "que jacent in longitudine fua a ftrata regia ufque sd ter- " ram quam predifti fratres tenent in gavcliiend de Petro & Waltero de Bergetee, Sc in latitudine " fua inter terram prediftorum fratrum quam tenent de me in gavelihendti terram que vocatur ialde •« hamftall que fuit Eadmundi." The land held in gavelkind was fo called, fays Sir Edward Coke, from " Gave all kynd ; for this cuftom giveth to all the fons alike." This derivation, however, Mr. Soir.ner rejects. See his Treatile of Gavelkind, p. 6. And p. 38. he quotes the above or a fimilar donation of land to this Hofpital " in perpetuam eleemofyn3m, and to Gavelkind," as, 1. being held by defcent, and therefore devifable, and 2. as refervinga quit-rent. D. So in N° 11, " inter terram qu^.m predicti fratres tenent in Gavelikend de Ei'garo de la Burne." This Elgar gave the lands in N os 1 and 2, in both which a rent is referved payable to bimfelf and his heirs " in curia eorum de H'baldune." IO. H E R B A L D O '. 237 10. Carta Ifcrabard' fil' Eilgar' cie !a Burne, dc una vin ' : que jacct in po que vacatur Gore & aquam que vocatur Bur nam. [Grant of one yard of land adjoining to the Bourn by Ifembard de la Burne.] ii. Carta Anfrid' fil' Salomon' dc Tuniford, dc k:t acris & trcs perticatis terre in campo qui vocatur Gore. , 12. Carta Gileberti filii Rogeri Talebot le Draper de quatucr acr' terre & dr- mid' acr' terre ; que tres acr' & dim' vocantur Tenement!//;!, & una acr' terr' vo- catur la Rede'; [as fuppofed in LaronV tenement.] i Edw. III. 1327. 13. Laron's Tenement*, and [1 acre in] Rede, and a moiety of [his land in] Levenote, 16 Edw. I. 12 38. [A grant from John Thonyford of 3 acres and a half in. J 14. Upfeld fin a modern hand, inftead of Brenlcke, erafed) at Croydene, in the pari ft) of St. Mich' Herbald. [From Peter Duranr, and Felicia his wife, an. reg, H. III. 55. with a confirmation thereof de Johanna de Dunftintone Mart. 19 E. I.] 15. Carta deduabus acris in Hupfelde. Mar. Edw. 1. 19.. 1291. Nota de Chalfeham* 16. Releafe of via. p an. out of two acres in Briintts, 6 Edw. II. 1312. 17. Releafe of m u*. p an, due from two acres in Breintbs, 8 Edw- III. 18. Copy of a grant from Algar lbn of Godefry de la Burne of three acres and a half in Bingore^ and [one acre and] one yard in Dunland. 19. Denjlede. Grant [from Hamo de Denftede] of a quit-rent of viii u\ and two hens, p. ann. out of half an acre in Denllede. 20. Denftede. Grant [from William de Morton and his wife] of m ■$. pan. out of a mefluHge there. 21. Hegham, als Ilyham, in Tonford field. Releafe of three acres, [from Robe,. ■ de Denftede, clerk.] 32 Edw. III. 2.2. Wiilm atte Crowche releafeth to Tho. Priefte all his right of lands [te- nements, &c] in Herbaldoune, 1439. [1 7 Nov.] iS Hen. VI. Ifabelle Mead. 23. Carta Richard' Sue' de una acra terre in puram & perpetnam elemofynam de- dit, q jacet in campo q vocatur Tfabele Mede, inter terrain hofpital' de Herbal- dune q eft verfus Suth & terram Alani Pocok q eft verfus North. [Grant from Rich. Levechi'd of 1 acre in Ifabel Mead.] 24. Carta Richardi Sut' de qcatuor denar' reddirus fui, quos foleb* an- nuatim reddere ei de quod' tenemento quod vocatur Tfabele S, ! \. 45. Grant from Will' de Vaus to Gilbert de Wenchepe of [two acres of J his I in the parifh of Hcrbaldune at Ifabelle Med, with the er< p thereon. 18 Edw. I. 1279. * Now called in the leafc to Mrs. Young (fee p. 227.) 'Lawrence Teneme .' 26. Grans A N T I Q^U I T I E S IN KEN T. 26. C I Gilbert de Wenchepe of the faid two acres to the hofpitaj, , 1 2 S 9 . 27. [Grant from Loretta liter of Robert Atcburne of 5 perches and a qi rer of land j In ciorf. v \ irgat' terre cum prin' & una via de ofto ..;. 1 vir- n' & una via riVvm ped\ 8 id. Nov. 1289. .. Donatio trip m pricar' & 1 quarterii pticitfe. [Grant from Vinceni ; of. a croft containing 5 yards and a way to it, and of a meadow and a way to it.] •29. Grant (by indenture) from Rob' German [Proper] to Walter Gylbert, clerk, John Swavn, and John Caldham of half an acre in IJlibclle Med. 22 Martii, 31 Hen. VI. 1453; .30. Grant from Simon Guy to John Pardoner ef one acre and one rood of wood in the pariih of Hcrbaldoune. 15 Nov. 13 Hen. IV. 1412. 31. Releafe from Sampfon Colman to Richard Wellvs of his claim to five roods of wood. 20 Oft. 1 Edw. IV. 146 1. This and N° 30 ihould be placed after N° 40. 32. Low? Mead. [Grant from Silvefter Baker to Richard Roper of] A croft befide Ifabelle Med. 24 April, 7 Hen. 1A". 1406. 33. Releafe from John R.oper, John Svvayn, John Chamberlayn, Will' Bygge, and Thomas Bayly, to Robert Germyn Roper, of a piece of land in Longmed. 3 Edw. IV. 1463. 34. Grant of the laid land from Robert Germyn Roper, to William Bygge, 14 Aug. 3 Edw. IV. 1463. 31;. Grant of the aforefaid land from William Bygge to John Caldham, William "Luton, and John Cropham. 6 Sept. 5 Edw. IV. 1465. [Containing 3 acres and a half.] 36. [Grant from Reymund Roper of a] way to Longmead, 12 Aug. 1 Hen.V. 1413. 27. Label 1 mead. Exchange between John Monger and the hofph'al, of two pieces of land, each containing half an acre*; and releafe of the rent of wax due from the hofpiial, 1 April, 25 Eliz. 1592. 38. Simon Tannere to John Bryan, 5 yards of wood land, 13 Ric. II. 39. John Bryan to Walter Bernard, the faid 5 yards of wood-land, June, 2* Ric. II. 1399. 40. Walter Bernard to Simon Gy, the faid 5 yards of wood-land, 25 July, 3 Hen. IV. 1402. N 3 30 and 31 ought to have followed thisdecd. [. Clement ate Welde to Peter ate Welde and [Anige] his wife, 5 yards of wood-land in Harbledoun, 3 Edw. II. 13 10. * See N° 29- 42. Smalt' II E 11 E A L D O W N. 239- 42. Smalebores. Tho. Licfheim to Edmund Hogg, cne rood of wood-land, [in the i urilh of St Michael Harbakloun] 24 June, 20 Rio II. 13 7, 43. Johanna widow of John Elmer, and daughter and heir of Edmund Hogg, to Win. Iloleweye, the laid piece of wood-land in Smalebores. 27 May, S Hen. V. 1421. 44. Will. Iloleweye to John Rykard, al' Bocher, tlie faid wood-land at Smale- bores, l8 Nov. 4 Hen. VI. 1425. 45. Warrant of attorney of laid W. Holeweyc to deliver feifin. 18 Nov. 4 Hen. VI. 46. John Rycard, al' Bocher, to Thomas Herewarde, the aforefaid wood-land in Smalebores. 20 Oct. 13 Hen. VI. 1435. 47. Tho. Hereward to Will. Palmer clerk, all his lands and tenements in Herbal- downe. 1 Sept. 17 Hen. VI. 1439. 48. Will. Palmer to Simon Colyn and Julian Hcrne, the laft mentioned piece of wood-land. 24 Oct. 18 H. VI. 1440. 49. Vincent atte. Welle to R.eymund Roper 5 roods of wojd-Iand in Herbaldown apud Le Well. 1 0.v. III. [1349 . Seal red wax. Virg. & ch. in a lozenge, aye maria gratia. (See plate III. fig. 5.) 14. Grant from Thomas Tebbe to Robert and John de Hurbach, of 2 acres and a half of arable. 10 Dec. 23 Edw III. [1349]. Seal fame as the hill. 15. Indenture of partition of a meffuage and 2 acres between John Granger and Alice his filler. 14 Aug. 24 Edw. III. [13503. 16. The counterpart of N- 15. 17. Grant from John Granger to Robert Berbach, chaplain, of one meffuage &c. Jn Rollyng. 24 Edw. III. [1350]. The feal is of green wax j oval. Legend. S. 10HANN1S GRANG . . . 18. Grant from Thomas ate Sole to Sir Robert de Berbache, chaplain, and John his brother, of 1 acre in Rollyng, at a place called ate Berghe. 23 Edw. Ill [1349]. Seal round ; white wax ; obliterated. 19. Grant from Henry Creeche to Robert and John de Burbach, of 2 acres of ara- ble. Oct. 23 Edw. III. [1349J. A round feal, the virgin with a crown on, and child, ave maria gratia. 20. Grant from Thomas de Peddyngge of Sandwich, to Henry ate Pende de Ped- dyngge, of all his lands at Rollyng. 20 Nov. 23 Edw. III. [1349]. 21. Grant from Henry at Pende de Pendyng, to Robert and John de Burbach, of all his lands at Rollyng, given by his brother Thomas. Dec. 23 Edw. HI. C I 349l- 22. Releafe from John Attebrok Sen. and Jun. and Thomas Attebrok, to John and Robert Burbach, and J. Clarke of Sandwich, concerning 3 acres in Rollyng. 27 Oct. 24 Edw. III. [1350}. 23. Grant from Thomas Attebrok, to Robert and John Burbach, of one acre. 'March, 28 Edw. III. [1354]. 24. Grant from Robert de Burbach, to dnus Thomas de Wolton, and others, of one meffuage and 74 acres and a half, and 1 rood of arable land, late John le Clerk's, and A N T I Q^TT I T I E S IN KEN T. and of one rrieffuage and 12 acres of arable more, both in Rbllyngc. Dec. 29 Edw. III. [1355]- Seal round, red wax; 3<©C round s. rob'ti de borbacii. -5- Copy of a licence of mortmain from Edvv. [III.] to William atte Welle chap- and others, to affign to the two hofpitals, 86 acres and two mefiuages in Rollyng, which are held of thie Archbilhop of Canterbury, Indorfed. " Irrot' in 1, ce patentium a° intra fcripto." 6 Aug. 3iEdw. [ l 357~\' The original is in St. John's Holpital. See p. 251. 26. Releafe from John fon of late William Clerk of Sandwich, to both the hofpi- tals of all claim on the lands granted by Robert de Burghbage chaplain in Rollyng. April, 35 Edw. III. [1361]. 27. Grant from Thomas de Woltone, clerk, and others, to the two hofpitals of the lands granted to them by Robert de Burbach. 1 April, 36 Edw. III. [1362]. Five Seals. rS. Grant from Robert Dodynton and Alice his wife, to William atte Welle and others, brethren of Harbledown hofpital, of a piece of land in Godnefton, called Whitefeld. 29 Aug. 49 Edw. III. [1375]- 29. Grant from John Adams, to John Blake, of half an acre in Rollyng, called Somerlefe. Oct. 8 Ric. II. [1384]. 30. Grant from John Blake at Weftgate, of half an acre at Rollyng, called le Teghe. 1 Dec. 4 Hen. VI. [14 25]. 31. Grant from Richard Duglas, to both hofpitals, of one yard of land in Gud- nefton, and of one other yard of land in the fame. 2 Jan. 15 Hen. VII. [1499]. 22. Releafe from Grifella Byllys of Sandwich to the hofpitals of a quit rent &c. due from their lands at Rollyng. 5 March, 6 Hen. VIII. [1515]. 23. Indenture, fpecifjring what the hofpitals are to pay out of their lands at Rollyng to the courts of Wyngham, of St. Sepulchre's Canterbury, of William Tyte- combe, of Twitham, of the abbot of Langedon, of Chiltone, of Akholte, of John de Harleftone, and to Gwodneftone Church. Sans date. 34. A terrar of Rollyng, containing xxix articles. Sans date. In the fame hand- writing as N° 33. Sum of acres ^v* a « 1 r> anc ' half, with a curtilage. 35. A terrar of Rollyng. The fame as N° 34. Sans date. 36. 1. A terrar of Tabeder's land (the fame land), containing xxvm articles. Sura total Jgvin a. xix p. 1674. In Englifh. 36. 2. Another copy of the fame. 37. A terrar of Rollyng, containing xxi articles. Sum total jgj a. 11 r. xxmp. Sans date. In Englifh. 5 sS. 1. A HERBALDOWN. 247 3^. 1. A temr of Rollyng. The fame as N° 37, with the neceflary changes of the names of occupiers. 24 July, 1706. 38. 2. A map of Rollyng. There is another, a duplicate, in St. John's Hofpital, done 1 6 1 7 . Borflalle. 39. Confirmation by Mariotta Synages de Borflalle of a divifion of three acres of land between her daughter Cecilia and herfelf, in the parifh of St. Margaret near Suthgate. 30 Sept. 15 Edw. II. [1324.] Seal oval, legend s. makiot fl' \v 1 40. Grant from Kic' Dryvere of Borflalle to Ric' Kcbbel of a curtilage [yard or gar- den plot]. 29 Sept. 7 Edw. III. 1333. 41. Grant from John Suthereye of Borflalle to Ric' Kebbel of a tenement and 1 a. in r. and of 11 r. 14 Jan. 22 Ed. III. 1348. Chalfloke. 42. Grant from Stephen and John, fons of Roger Rhondes, 10 Chriflian de Oxe- neye of one acre in Chalfloke. 21 Edw. I. 1291. Chilham. 43. Grant from William Maycock of Herbaldown to the hofpital of a piece of land in Chilham in the borgh of Eaflure. 2 Mar. 1 R.ic. II. 1378. In dorl '. A piece of land in Chilham in the borowghe of Eaflure, now called Eaft Stuarde. Canterbury. 44. Burgate. In dorf. Carta Elueue Pinneflaue de v denar' libri reddit' fui annatim pcipiend' ad fell' Sci Mich' de dono Leticie filie Cauuel in parochia Sci Michael' apud Burgate. (See p. 202.) 45. St. Margaret. Grant from Alice daughter of Wiulph of xm 3. rent from the houfe of William de Welles in St. Margaret's, paying out of it 111 3. 11 3. and a pair of gloves worth id. annually. Sans date, but it is 26 vel 27 Hen. III. 1243 vel 1244. 46. Indenture between the prior, &c. and Thomas Whychylynge, releafing to him* the payment of iv 3. per ann. out of xm 3. per ann. due to the hofpital from an houfe in St. Margaret'?, once William de Welles's, 24 Nov. 3 Hen. V. 1415- 47. St. 24 3 A N T I O^U I T I E 5 IN KENT. 47. St. Paul, Ivv Lane. Grant from Thomas Ingelet of Thanet to William attc Weile, chaplain, and others, of a meiTuage and garden in Standfaftlane in St. Paul's. 4 Oft. 37 Edw. III. 1363. 48. Grant from Thomas Godhayt of Merfham to John Frowde and J. Cherche of an houfe and garden in Standfaftelane. July 17 Ric. II. 1393. 49. Grant from John Lovel and others to John Newman and others of two fliops in.Standfaftlane. 4 Jan. 3 Hen. VI. 1424. This is indorfed, Evydence of two houfes in Ive Lane in Cantbur'. Elham. 50. Grant from John Uent, a brother of the hofpital, of one acre and a half in Elham. 1 Jan. 5 Hen. VIII. 1514. 51. Releafe from John Proude and J. Cherche of lands and tenements in the hun- dred of Weftgate, in Wodnefberg, and in Elham. 24 Jun. 7 Ric. II. 1383. Graveney. Fettyt. 52. Indenture between the hofpital of Herbaldown and Ciriac Pettyt, of Bough- ton fubtus le Blean, of exchange of the pafturage of fourteen Iheep, eftimated at fourteen acres of Saltmarfh in Graveney, and one rood in Southfield in Graveney, for two acres in Herbaldown. ult' Feb. 13 Eliz. 157 1. Herbaldozvn. 53. Grant of a clofe from Thomas de Walefham to William (brother of Gilbert) reftor of St. Nicholas de Herbaldun. 37 Hen. HI. 1253. 54. Grant from the priorefs of Davintun of xi s. rent, which was due to that con- vent out of Davintun Mead from the hofpital. 3 Ed. I. 12 74. and a tranfeript. 55. Releafe from John Monger of London of a rent of one hen iffuing out of half an acre called Label Mead, and arrears, on condition that he enjoys half an acre in Label Mead, received from the hofpital by exchange. 20 May, 25 Eliz. 1583- 56. A map and defcription of on capitall meafuage, known by the name of St. Ni- cholas Hofpitall, living at Harbaldoune, neere the cittie of Canterbury, with twelve parcells of errable thereunto belonginge, contayninge . . . acres, on quarter, two perches. Gulielmus Boyat defcripfit, 1621. This map is 15 inches and a quar- ter long, and 14. inches and one eighth broad ; and the number of acres, which he has omitted above, is 67 a. 3 r. 13 p. In red 57 a. 1 r. 12 p.; and in black 10 a. 1 r. 31 p Hertey. II E R B A L D O W N. ^ 5 Hcrtey. 57. Grant from William Yue and others to Thomas Smyth and others of ivs. vi 3. ot>. two cercells * and one third of one ben, and one third of half an hen, and xv eggs. July, 3 Pvic. II. 1379. Two i'eals perfect. 58. Grant from John and William, fons and heirs of brother William Skytmcr, to Adam Grove and others of the rem as in N° 70. 6 Jun. 18 Ric. II. 1395. Lodenham. 59. Grant from John Roper of Whiflapell to John Caldyng of Goodnefton of one mefluage and garden and xxx 11 acres and 1 acre in Lodenham. 21 -Hen. VI. 1442. Stelhmv. ■60. Grant from John Ilent of it s. yearly out of a tenement and two acres at Weft- meneile in Stellyng. 7 Jun. 6 Hen. VIII. 15 15. Woodnefborough. 61. Grant from the prior and convent of Ledes to the hofpital, to receive st theft- grange in Wornefburgh three feams of barl y, which ufed to be paid to them oik of the tithes of Summerfeld in Wornefburg. Sans date. €2. An ancient copy of the fame. -63. A true copy of the patent or grant to the two hofpitals for 6 1. 17 s. 26*. ofc. p ann. (which they ufed to receive from the monaftery of Chrift Chuich, Can- terbury, before the diffolution) -, and to Herbaldown Hofpital for i'os. p ann (inttead of the 3 feams of barley N 3 74) to be paid by the king's receiver of the Augmentation (Office). 1 May, 37 Hen. VI II. 1545. See pp. 230 and 252,3 * From the French " cercelle," the water wild fowl, denominated by us a teale. Somner» <: Glolfar. ad finem X Scriptorum." Of thefe birds there probably was always an abundance in Herteye Ifland. Two teale, and the third part of another, was a whimucal kind of reddend', and if delivered in kind, with exactnefs, would probably require the hand of a dextrous carver. W. and D. in Gent. Sfeg. for 1784, p. 174. In the Hiftory of Reeulver, p. 1-52, is a mortmain grant from Henry VI; fecuring this and <- r« 3 1 1357 *• (The feal very fair and almoft whole.) * The lame farm that is now let to Sir Narburough D'Aeth. See p. 250. M ru 2 4. Another 252 ANTIQUITIES IN KENT. 4. Another to Thomas de Wolton, to give 46 acres of land, 6 acres of pad lire,. 10 acres of underwood and bruflnvood in St. Co f mas ar.d Hakyngton, worth (ultra redditum refolutum) 1 1 s. 6 3. per ann. and to Richard de Meddeburne to give 40 s. rent in Heme, to be. holden by the hofpital as of the value of 4 rrhirks (2I. 13 s. 43 ) in fausfatfion for part of the iqos. granted by Number i... 30 Nov. a. r. 3-9, 1365. (The feai loft.) 5., Another. Confirmation of Number 1, 3, and 4-, and grant to be free tam de- contribucione cuftodie tre maritime, quam tallagiis, auxiliis, et contributionibus. . To botli hofpitals. 6, M. a. r. .45, 1370. (Seal white wax ;. almofi: deftro.yed ;. torn out.) Richard II. 6. Infpeximus and confirmation of the grant of Edward III. to both hofpitals, 1 Deo., a. r. 9, 1 ]^$, of freedom from talliage, and licence of mortmain, 2o K Jan. a. r. ij 1378. (Seal loll.) Henry V. 7. Inipeximus and confirmation of former grants. 1 1 Jan. a. r. 3, 1421. (Seal loft.) Edward IV. 8.. Infpeximus and confirmation of former grants. 20 March, a. r. 3., 1468. (Seal; much broken.) H E N P. Y VIII. 9. Infpeximus and confirmation. 14 April, a. r. 2, 1511. (Seal perfect, but cracked.) 10. Grant of exemption from firft fruits and tenths. . a. r. 29. 1538. This is much worn. The revenues of this hofpital, as delivered in and upon the furvey, amounted tocjit. 16 s. 8 3. ot3. (Seal rubbed and broken.) 11. Patent exemplifying a decree of the chancellor and council of the court of augmentations, by which 61. 17 s. 2 3. od. which ufed to be paid to both hofpitals by way of alms by the prior and convent of Chrift Church, Canterbury, now diflblved, fhall for ever be paid them by the general receiver of the augmen- tations. And, That the hofpital of Herbaldown /hall have of the King's Highncfs for ever the fame of ten /hillings yerely from the faid receiver, for and in recompence of three femes or quarters of barley which they ufed toreceiveof the Monastery of Ledes, now diflblved. 1 May, a. r. 37, 1545 *. (The feal is torn off, and much broken.) * See p. 230, and p.. 249. Eo-- NORTH GATE. 253 F D W A R D VI. : \ Ihfpe n nd coafirmation of all the former grants. 2 Feb. a. r. 3. 1550. (Seal broken.) Commonwealth. Capi vvles's alignment of certain rents to the ]K>fpitals, amounting to ft. z|. 90". in utijtuction for 3 1. 8 s. /iL q. due out of the augmentation office. 13 Ju;-.e, I 54. It appears by this deed, that by a decree of the Chancellocr and Court of Aug-- • rations, ca ed 24 April, 37 Henry Vill. 1545 (which is not among the deeds in the hofpital cheft) 3 t. 8s. 7 d. q. was to be paid from the receiver of that office to this hofpital; and Captain Bowles covenanted with the truffees- appointed by the parliament to fell the fee farm rents belonging to the Commoii- wealth to nay i: : and he here affigns to the hofpital 14 diiTerent final] rents ly- ing in different parilhes chiefly in the Weald of Kent, which were old obits, 8cc. for the fatisfa&ion of this demand on him. This Deed is much hurt by damp. 14. A copy of the Deed, Number 13. imperfect. 1,5. A letter of attorney from the prior, empowering John Biffet to" receive the rents due to the hofpital, by virtue of Captain Bowles's affignrnent. 20 Feb. 1659, Reference is-made for particulars to fchcdules not here. 1'hel'e rents are now loft ; and the whole fum vi 1. xvn s. .11 3. ob. is now paid by the Crown, ac- cording, to N* 11. Archbifhop William Wittlesey. 16. Confirmation of Edward Ill's grant of exemption from talliage, Number 5, by excommunicating the infringers of it, " Sententia excommunicationis majori&, Dat' ap' Otteford, xm ktn' Aprilis, (20 Mar.) 1370." 17. A ccpy of the fame, tranflated into Engliflu. G H A P. HI, Indulgences — Licences for Alms-gathering. 1. TNDULGENCE from Archbifhop John (Stratford) of 40 days to encourage the giving alms to them when they made their collections through his Diocefe, 14 April, 1 34 1. (Only the middle part of the feal remains *. It is torn off. The archbifhop in his habit bleffing.) * See plate III. fig. 10. 2.. Ralph. 254 A N T I Q^U ITIES IN KENT. 2. Ralph (de Stratford) Bifhop of London, Indulgence of 40 days to all benefactors to the Hofpitai. 19 July, 13^8. (The middle part of the feal pretty whole. A bifhop bleffmg.) 3. Archbifhop Simon (Iflip) 40 days. Dat' apud Maghfeld, 14 Julii, 1350. 4. Simon (Langham) Bifhop of Ely, 40 days. Dat' apud Cant'. 2 non. (6) Oft. 1364. (Seal pretty perfeft, excepting round the rim; torn off.) 5. Archbifhop William ( Wittlefey) 40 days, 18 June, 1369. (Seal loft.) 6. Archbifhop William (Wittlefey) 40 days, 19 June, 1369. (Seal quite broken.) 7. King Edward III. A letter of protection, general ; and particularly of their proc- tors collecting alms, 23 Oft. a. r. 48, 1374. (Seal much broken.) 8. A letter fent about with the brother that went about afking alms, containing the indulgences granted to them, 29 June, 1375- (Seal is loft.) OMNIBUS fanfte matris ecclefie prelatis ad quos Ire ifte pvenerint fres & forores hofpitalis de Northgare de Cantuar' faltm apiicam benediclionem : domus fiquidem Bra in tanta confiftit necte & paupertate quod cum maxima miferia viram indubitanter fuftinemus. Ifta vero fuerunt beneticia ab archiepisoibus benefajc- toribus mis conceffa ; fcil', Lanfranc' archieps fuhdatorejuTdem hofpitalis .\l dies re- laxationis conceffit ; Sens Thomas archieps Cant' xl dies ; Stepftus[Langton] archieps Cant' xl dies ; Theobaldus archieps Cant' xl dies ; Ricus archieps Cant' xl dies ; Stus Edmund' archieps Cant' xl dies •, Bonifacius archieps Cant' xl dies ; Johnes de Peccham archieps Cant'xL dies •, Robrus Kilwardby archieps Cant'xL dies; Robtusde Winchelfe archieps Cant'xL dies ; Walttu [Reynolds] archieps Cant'xLdies; Symonde Mepeham archieps Cant' XL dies; Johns (_StratfordJ archieps Cant' xl dies; Itm HamO eps Roffenf'xL dies; Robert' eps Ciceiiren'xL dies, Ricus eps Roffen' xl dies ; Johns eps Elmeffen* xx dies; VVillms eps Wynton' xx dies ; Henric' Roffen' eps xx uic : Petruseps Hereforden* xx dies ; Willnis eps Ciceftren' xxx dies ; frater Gilbert eps Giadmes de Hybnia xxx dies ; Radulphus eps London' xl dies ; Steptis eps Lon- don' xx dies ; Thomas eps Wygorn'xx dies ; Henric' eps Lincoln' xx dies ; Hen- ric' eps Wynton' xx die6; Adam eps Hereforden! ' xx dies; Thomas eps de Dure- ham xx dies; Symon [blip] archiepsCant'xLdies. Rayificantes infuperomnesindulgen- cias in hac parte rite conceflas & nris temporibus concedendrs. Frat' Ricus, Dei apoltolice fedis, gratia Dei, archieps de Nazareth, XLdies; preterea xn Cardinales de Curia Romana, qlibet eor' conceliit omnibus vere penitentibus & conteffsqui ad pdem hofpitalepium manum adjutricesporrexerint, vel in extremis laborantibs aliquid de bonis fuis legaverint difto hofpitali, caula deylcjcqis accefieriijt, xl dies de injunftis libi penitenciis. Omninadiocefanis ejufdem habeant indtilgentiamiatam, bal fejicorditer in ctno relaxant & unufquifque relaxat. R.tificans omnes&fingulasindul- gencias Dobis haften' in hac pane rite conceffas &: temporibus fuis in fucuium cdnce- * liar.eli.im. d end .is. N O R T H G A T E-. i$$ dendas. Propterea Jofcnes papa vicefimus fecundus omnes libertates & immunitates ?c : leceflbribus fuis R< mai pontificibus privilegia feu alias indulgentias didlo hofpi- tali conceHts, nccnon libertates & exemptiones fecularium exaclionum a regibus & prin- cipibus aliifque Xpi fidelibus nobis oc dicio hofpitali indulgencias jufte & pacifice optentas au&oritate apoftolica & buile iue patrocinio ratificavit & communivit. Et quod nulli homini liceat banc puginam fue confirmationis infriiigere, vel earn aufu te- merario conteranere. Et fi quis hec attemptare prefumpferit, gloriofe virginis Marie & beator' Petri & Pauli apoliolcr' eius le noverit curfur'. Cor.ceffir eciam Johannes papa omnibus benefafloribus oris ftationes curie ratione x;m annor', cciam feptimara ptem deinjuntta (ibi penitentia mifericordit' relaxavit. Et qui a!i< . a bona habuerint, 6c cui vel quibus ea reftituere ignorant ; & qui votum fecerunt ex- cept' J lieroi', Scor'Jacobi, apoitolor 5 Petri 8c Pauli, Sc caftitat', vel Q aliquis, vel aiiqua feceiint delictum erga priorem vel matrem except' manuum injedtione; faciant elemofinam dicro holpitali SancVi JonisBaptilte de Northgate. Et das papa eos abfolvat ; cxceptis aliis beneficiis & indulgences in dicla Romana ecclefia in die- bus faftis & iiend' imperpetuum. Et fi quis pdido hofpitali firo anulum, firmaculum, aurum, argentum, vaccas, juvenculam, bident', an fere m vel vitulum dare & tran£ mittere voluerit, tdet & liberet ^pcuri nro prefemi, & eum recipiem'in fraternitatem, hofpitalis firi predicli : concedentes eidem participacoern omnium bonor' operum que in hofpitali prediclo fient imperpetuum. Et lunt in hofpitali noftrc centum iratres & forores ceci, claudi, furdi, &: aliis divrfis infirmitatibus langdi, qtri qualibet die concefferunt 8c dicunt xxx mille Pat' noft' Sc Ave Maria cum dilciplinis, & ora- tionibus innumerabilibus que ibm fine : & cum jejuniis & omnium alior' beneficior' innumerabilium benefactores tiros participes eife conftituim' p prefentes. Summaru dier' indulgencie de divrfis archieps, epis, & cardinalibus conceff' excentis a fumis poutific' curie Romana conceff' mille mi annor' cxl dies qui qualibet die miff' i J s diverfis domibus & aliis bonis opibus miffar' celebrationibus que ditto hofpitali flit quor' sm a cemo noverit nifi folus Deus. Idcirco ad colligendas elemofinas nras la- torem prefentium Irar' 8c frm nrm fidelem clemencie vre deitinamus. Rogantes^ Dea quater'detemporalibusbonis\ris ad vite fire fuftentationem fi placeat 8c ad dicli hofpi- ta'.is edificior' firor' qutaemque portionem and hold it by the fervicas therein recited: paying 133. 43. to the convent for the land, as lords of the fee, and doing fen-ice at the court at Longe Port. 38 Edw. III. 1364. much worn. The feal is pretty well preferved. 25. Edward III. Licence of mortmain to Thomas de Garwynton in make the fore- going alignment. 25 July, a. r. 38, 1364. Broad feal fomewhat different from the others. 26. Extraft from a terrier of the parfonage.of St.. Paul, made 5 June, 33 Hen. VIII. 1542. In the archives of the Cathedral, Canterbury, and from an exemplification under the broad Seal, 28 Jan. 8 Eliz. 1567, both to fhew that rive acres, lying in St. Paul's parifh, were part of a Field called Brethren Field. . See the Map, Ch. 6. 1. 2.7. A copy of the petition. from the hofpital to-Archbifhop Whitgift, touching Sir Moyle Finch's detaining Mote lands from them. Poft 1583. 28. Exemplification of a recovery in an- ejeftment between Abraham Hartwc'.l, leffee of the hofpital, plaintiff, and William Brown, defendant, of 27 acres lying in St. Martin's paridi near Canterbury, parcel of. 32 acres contained in their demife to him, and of judgment for the defendant for the refidue. 5 Feb. 41 Eliz. 1599. 20. Extract from the Survey of Colleges, &c. in Kent, " onerat' feu onerabilia ad "foluconem primiciar' k decimar'," made 37 Hen. V11I. concerning the hofpi- tal of Sr. Johu. Extracted 11 Auguft, 1624. It was taken to fhew, among other particulars of their pofTeffions, the following, " cert' terr' ibm cont' xvi " acr' terr' in tenur' Wilimi Lynch, milit', jacea' juxta vehell apud Fourhcde " Croffe, xiii s. mid. k ultra redd 5 refolurY' 3c. Copy of a petition from the hofpital (after beirg caft in a trial at law,) to Archbifhop Abbot, to permit them to accept Lady Finch's offer of 40 b for arrearages, N O R T M G A T E. 2-6-1 arrearages, 20 1. towards cods, and 13s. 4.S. annually forever, and to permit them to releafc all claim on the lands. 1627. 31. Archl ilhop Abbot's confent to the petition, and decree thereupon. Signed by him, Qef. 3, 1627, 32. The petition of the prior and brethren to the Countefs of Winchclfca, figned by them,, and her declaration of agreement with them, according to the termes N° 31. Signed by her, 7 Feb. 7 Car. I. 1631. 33. Indenture of agreement between the Countefs of. Winchelfea and the hofpital, by which the hofpital renounces all claim on the lands at Moat, and the Countefs engages for the payment of 13 s. 4 3. annually for the future, with arrears from 1 64, amounting to 44 f. 1 ; s. 4S. and to add 201. more, provided 60 1. be laid out in a purehafe tor the benefit of the hofpital *. This agreement was in confequence of a verdicf- given at a trial in the Guildhall, Canterbury, in 1616, in favour of the Countefs, and was made with the allowance of Archbifhop Ab- bott, 8 Feb. 7 Car. I. 1633. The leal is rubbed off. This is figned by the Countels. 34. St. Mildred. Grant from John de Pyywode to Thomas atte Hecche of a mef- fuage in btour. Streate. 25 Mar. 15 Edvv. III. 1361. 35. Grant from Sufan atte Bore widow, and Sibella daughter of Hugh Tumour, to Thomas Cobits and Alice Overyes his wife, of one meffuage in Northgate : in length xlviii feer, in breath from Broadftreet xvm feet, in breadth from Foffam xvi feet. Jan. 1, Ed. IL 1308. Damaged by wet. 36. Leafe from John Heneper and Robert Wade to the prior, &c; of a meffuao-e in Northgate, juxta regiam foffam, for the term of 100 years. 23 Edw. III. 1349. Almoit obliterated.. 37. Leafe by indenture from John Heneper and Pvobert Wade to the hofpital of a tenement for ico years. 23 Edw. ill. 1449. 38. Grant from Robert Colt and John Tygge of Weftgate without to Richard Dunkyn of a tenement and garden in Broadftreet. 3 June, 14 Hen. -VI. 1436. 39. Indenture of conveyance from- Richard Dunkyn to John Spencer and others of one tenement and garden in Brodeftrete. 20 Aug. 26 Hen. VI. 1448. 40. Pveleafe from John Skbr, Efq. and others to Richard Dunkyn of all claim on a tenement and garden in Brodftrete. 4 Sept. 27 Hen. VI. 144S. 41. Indemure of conveyance from John Spencer and others to Simon Bird and Thomas Hempftede of a tenement in Broadeilrete on payment of ivf. 14 Oft, 37 Hen. VI. 1458. 42. Counterpart. * See p, 202. . 43. Grant tfn A N T I Q_U I T I E S IN KENT. 43. Grant from Nicholas Churchman and others, feoffees of William Brokynden and others, feoffees of Simon Bird, to Hamo Lambard and others of a tene- ment in Broadttreet. 30 May, 1 Edw. IV. 1451. 44. Grant from John Howe to John and Joan Clerke of Lyminge of a tenement in Biodeurue. 3 Jim. 4 Edw. IV. 1464. 45. Indenture from John and Joan Clerke of Lymynge granting to Jacob and Alice Colyn one tenement in Brodeftrete, referving a rent of vnt. p ann. for the term of their own lives. 4 July, 4 Edw. IV. 1464. 45. Counterpatt. 47. A pair of indentures by which William Kendall, and others, confirm to John Afbourn, R. Grove, and R. Exbregge one meffuage and one garden on payment of the fums therein fpecified. 5 Nov. 21 Hen. VII. 148 1. Endorfed. The up- per houfe in Broadftreet. 48. Releafe from Alexander Bokyngham to Nich. and Ag. Wade of all claim on two tenements and gardens contiguous in Brodeftreet. 15 Dec. 7 H. \ II. 1491. 49. Indenture of conveyance from Nich. and Agnes Wade to John Wade and others of a tenement and garden, on payment of villi, xms. ivct. 24 July, 9 Hen. VII. 1494. 50. Indenture from Robert Hynkfell and others, feoffees of Nich. and Agnes Wade, granting, at the requeft of Edmund and Agnes Wylcockjlate wife of John Wade, to John Boyle and others a tenement and garden in Broaditreet for the ufe of Johanna the wife of John Wattys and hjs heirs for ever. 27 Juae, 12 Hen. VII. 1498. 51. Releafe from Agnes widow of Nich. Wade to Robert Hynkfell and others of all claim on a tenement and garden. 15 Feb. iz Hen. VII. 1449. 52. Grant from James Downe, clerk, to Ralph Browne, Bargrave, and others, of a meffuage and garden in Northgate. 14 Apr. 19 Hen. VII. 1504. 53. Grant from Ralph Browne and others to William Kendall and others of one meffuage and garden in Northgate. End of the upper houfe in Broadltrete. 14 Apr. 20 Hen. VII. 1505. 54. Grant from Ralph Browne and Richard Exbregge to William Michel!, clerk, and two others, of one meffuage and garden in Broadftreet. 27 Feb. 13 Hen. VIII. 1522. Almoit perifhed. .55. Grant from William Michell, clerk, and others, in compliance with the will of William Bargrave, to Nicholas Reynolds and others of a meffuage and garden an Broaditreet. 30 Oft. 21. Hen. VIII. 1530. $6. Grant N O 11 T H G A T E. 263' 56. Grant frcm Thomas Laurence and others, at the requeft of Matilda widow or" William Panjrave, who ordered it to be fold by his will, of a meffuage and - den in Broadftreet, to R. Reynolds, P. Richemont, R. Frognall, and R. Chaund- ler. 31 Oct. 21 II. MIL 15.0. . Warranty from John fon of James Baker and Sufan his wife, to William and [fabelle Ie Centurer, of two (hops and a piece of land in Broadftrect, which they had from Nicholas dfi Acrife, clerk. 16 Edw. I. 1287. Sea!, a flar of fixteen points, s-. iohis fil. iacobbii. Seal, a ftar of fixteen points, s. svsanke fil. iohis. 58. Grant from John Payne tn . . . . atte Leafe and Thomas K*yppmg, and one te- nement. Endorsed. Of one of the houfes in Broadftreet. 1 liic. IJ. 1377- $o. Smith. George Smith of Chelsfield, Kent, enfeoffed John Roys, and eleven more of their heirs, of one mefluage newly made, two dwellings backwardes, and gardens in Northgate, to pay one-fifth of the rent to himfelf during life, and to whom he (hall appoint, end two fifths to ten, nine, eight, feven, fix, or live poor houfeholders of St. Paul's, and two-fifths to St. John's Hofpital. This is an indenture from the feoffees empowering the prior and his four aitiftants, and the churchwardens of St. Paul's for the time being to appoint a perfon to receive and pay the above rents. 10 Sept. 1622. 60. New enfeoffment from Thomas Mi'ls, Jonas Waters, and John Evernden, fur- vivors- of the firlf 12 feoffees to 12 new ones, fix of Northgate, and fix of St. Paul's. 3 Sept.- 1645. It is here laid thefe tenements were purchafed of Edward Robarts, Gent, and their boundaries are defcribed. 61. New enfeoffment by George Young, Ric. Pyfing, Nich. Fowle, and Paul Gil- mer, uirvivors of the fecond enfeoffment, to 12 new feoffees. 17 Mar. 16 Char. II. 16 3. Shrottynton Lane, vulgo Ruttingion Lane»- 62. 1. Grant from Nicholas le Gardener to William de Wy of a piece of land 'ten feet long and feven feet broad. March, 8 Edw. II. 13 15. Seal round, a ftaB with eight points; s= nicqlai gardinir. 62. 2. Grant from Alice, widow of William de Hortone, to William de Aikclby o£ a meffuage and a piece of land. 13 Edw. II. 1320. Seal s. aincie uxor wil. 63. Grant from Clement Thomas to John Bret and John Weryn of all his lands and tenements in Throtyngton Lane. i3 Ric. II. 1389. 64. Releafe from John Gate Wever to John Park . . . » of all claim on one tenement and garden. 3 Oft. 18 Hen. VI. 1430. 65... I. Grz.nr 264 A N T I Q.U I T I E S I N K E K T T. 6s. i. Gra- 1 '' from John Farinteyn of Fordwich to Sampfon Colman and John Bur- bage of a tenement and garden. 10 Dec. Ed. III. Much perifhed. 65. 2. Grant from Thomas Sheder to Salomon Halke of a tenement and garden. i~ Mar. 24 H. VI. 1446. Bertha de Kortbgate, Bucklam. 66. Grant from Henry fon of Thomas le Cliter, and Matilda his wife to William le Bukeler and Il'abella his wife of a meifuage, Sec. in Bettha de Northgate. 21 Edw. I.. 1292. Enddrfed. In Duklane. Seal round, white wax, flan, broken. i Le Boar. 67. Grant from Ad. Baleys to John atte Hecche of a meffuage at Le Bor. 14 Ed. III. 1340. 68. Grant from John atte Hecche to Ric. Godeman of the faid meffuage. 41 Euw. III. 1367. 69. Grant from Ric. Godeman to Thomas de Wolton and others of the faid mef- fuage. 18 Oil. 41 Edw. III. 1367. Much perifhed. 70. Grant from John Arumper, brother of John Mylftede, to William Wells of a meffuage apud Le Bor. Jan. 14 Edw. III. 1340. Froxpole Lane. 71. Grant from John Snil Chaloner, and Sarah widow of Adam Robert, to William Stabler de Stebbregge of two {hops in Froxpole. 24 Edw. III. 1350. Much perifhed. 72. Grant from William Stabler to John and Margaret Gardiner of one (hop and garden in Froxpole. 32 Edw. III. 135S. 73. Leafe from the hofpital to John Teurnour of an houfe and land in Froxpole lane fcr the term of 100 years, rent xS. flerling. 18 Odl. 14 Ric. II. 1390. Almoft perifhed. 74. Grant from Patricius Clerk to Joan Byrdys, fifter of the hofpital, of a fbop and garden in Froxpole lane. 6 Hen. IV. 1405. 75. Releafe from Joan Byrdys to John Knyght and others of all claim on the faid tenement and garden. Mar. 6 Hen. IV. 1428. 76. Grant from John Ledys to Thomas Feefte of ill r. in Northgate. Mar. 13 Hen. VI. 1435. 77. Letter N O R T H G A T E. 265 77. Letter of attorney from John Ledys to Thomas Stnrmyn, to put Thomas Feefle in poffeffion. Mar. 13, Hen. VI. 1435. 78. Grant from Thomas Feefte to William and Robert Engelard of the faid 111 r. 15 Feb. 16 Hen. VI. 1438. 79. Grant from William and Robert Engelard to Thomas Palmer of the faid in r. 4 Oft. 23 Hen. VI. 1444. Poldrefield. So. Grant from Cecily Halcok to William Wygge, vicar of St. Dunftan, of a piece of land at Poldrefield in Northgate. £2 June, 15 Ric. II. 1392. Sturry Road. 81. Confirmation by Stephen Frende of the devife made by John Fremyngham of 11 a. 1 r.* to the hofpital in Northgate, after the death of his wife Joan and Thomas Chyldemell. 5 May, 16 Ed. IV. 1477. Indorfed, "Juxtaviam que du- cit ad Sturry." 82. Grant from John Lameherfl: to John Starkey and others, feoffees, of 11 a. 1 r.* in Northgate. 15 Nov. 19 Hen. VIII. 1528. 83. Releafe of claim from John de Grenehew and others to Lawrence and Julian his wife, on a meffuage in Northgate, once Walter Fryblod's. Jan. 19 Ed. II. 1326. Very much worn. The lituation is not delcribed. Lexis Lane. 84. Releafe from Dionyfia, relift of Reginald Counger, and Margaret his daugh- ter, to Sir Andrew Byford, chaplain, of a piece of land and the buildings thereon at Lexiflane in Northgate, xxxi feet long, xix feet broad. 24 June, 1 Edw. III. 1327. Indorfed, " De tenemento Konegh." 85. Grant from Thomas de Efkilby to Robert and Collette Cook of two pieces of land in Northgate. 33 Edw. 111. 135S. 86. Fragment of a grant of William Engelard to Roger of a tenement and garden in Northgate. 24 Hen. VI. 1445. See N" 79. 87. Copy of the will of brother P. Ruffel, bequeathing his gret houfe, after his wife's deceafe, to the hofpital. 20 June, 1502. * This mull probably be the in roods of meadow or paihire land now leafed to Mr. George Frend, at a rack rent of i 1. ios. as it is dd'eribed in the leai'e as " bounding to the kink's. " highway leading from Canterbury to Sturry." O o ?/. Paul. 266 A N T I QJJ ITIES IN KENT. St. Paul. 88. Grant from Thomas and Agnes Yngelot of Tanet to Margery Rufshelyn, prfo- refs of the filters of the Almonry of St. Auguftin, of xnit. rent out of a tene- ment in St. Paul's. 25 Edw. HE 1352. Seal, virgin and child. Legend very fair. 89. Grant from John Lovel, clerk, and others, feoffees of the late Henry Webbe,. to William Benet and others, of two fhops in St. Paul's. 28 Jan. S Hen. VE 1430. 90. Parcell of St. John's Jerufalem, copied and attefted by Mr. Somner. This is a copy of part of a rentall, by which it appears that they received from St. John's Hofpital, for the rent of a tenement in Loderflane, p ann. xnd.* for do< of Herbaldown Hofpital x d. and paid to both hofpitalsp ann. vi-il. vns. net. ob. Weftgate without. 91. Grant from Elueua ate Melne, late wife of Elyas Marefcal, to the hofpital of ins. annually out of a tenement there. Sans date. Indorfed, " Croker Leane Ende +." 92. Grant (on payment of xv s. 11 8. fieri.) from John,, fon of Hugh, fori of Ed- ward, of xxvii d. annually to the hofpital, to be paid, xind. by Edward Pot- tere out of a meffuage, one acre of land, and wood on it, and xiv S. by Robert the carter. Sans date* 93. Another grant of the fame annually, from John, fon of Hugh, &c. in which the lands are more clearly fpecified. Sans date. The feal is broken ; the outer coat is green, the inner red wax. 94. Grant from Pieginald, prior, and the convent of St. Martin, Dover, with the confent of Archbiihop Stephen (Langton), to Northgate Hofpital of eight acres and a half of wood without Weftgate, of the tenement of the Archbifhop^ which was given to them by Peter, fon of Salomon, fon of Ulric de Sandwich, paying to the convent xiitE annual rent. Sans date. A very fine deed. Between 1207 8c 1:2s. cjz,. Grant from Richard de Btrnefole, fon of Turg' de Hyllegh,. to the hofpital of xx s. and id. fltrling rent, and one cock and four hens, without Weftgate and Northgate, from the perfons therein named, for which the hofpital paid xii marks iterling. 55 Hen. IU. 1271. Seal is fewed up in apiece of leather. * Though no fuch tenement or lane can now be found, this xii d. efcheating probably to the crown, en the fuppreffion of the Knights of St. John, and being granted as a fee-farm rent to the Dean and Chapter of Rccheiu r, is ftill paid annually to their receiver, with ivd. for ac- quittance. But who pays in return the " vul. vns. n d. ob." alfo mentioned above ? t .Mr. Tilbe ni.w pays for 3 houfe in Crocker Lane a like annuity of 111 s. and Mrs. Strouts, fur a houfe there, ?. d. 3 96. Ano- N O R T H G A T E. 267 96. Another copy of Richard de Bernefole's grant, of the fame date. In this he writes himfelf " Ric' de Dovor, fil' TurgiP de Yllegh." In the date, " anno regni reg' Henr' fil' reg'. " Johis" is omitted. Seal oval. 97. Releafe from Stephen de Fyndon of Canterbury to Stephen de Horfham of all claim on a rent of vm 3. out of a tenement without Weftgate. 37 Edw. III. 1363. Almoft perifhed. Seal, broken, has an infcriptlon round the arms *. 9S Releafe from John Proude of Canterbury of for which John Smyth and himfelf were made feoffees by Conftance [Bertyn]. In part perifhed. 20 May, [1487]. 99. Confirmation from William Hope, grandfon of Conftance Bertyn, of three fhil- lings annuallyf out of certain tenements in Crocker lane. 28 Feb. 19 Edw. IV. 1479. Tho. atte Wode [Atwood] Efq. maior. Priory of St. Gregory, and Arcbbijhop Simon I/lip %, zoo. Compofition between St. Gregory's Priory and the hofpital concerning a fewer going from St. Gregory's under the king's highway, and a fhop called the Goter- fhope and a curtilage of the hofpital, going from thence in a ftrait line to the great ditch where now clothes are wafhed, being in length from the king's high- way xviii rods, and in breadth three feet. Confirmed by Archbifhop Simon Ijlip. Sealed with the feal of the priory, and under this feal, 17 Sept. 31 Edw. III. 1358. The Archbifhop's feal, almoft entire, has the Archbifhop in the middle, over his head and under his feet broken §. Upper compartments, crofier fide, St. Paul; other fide, St. Peter (as legate of the apoftolical fee). Under, two an- gels, one fupporting the arms of England || , the other of the fee, in which are inferted two crofiers. St. Gregory's feal has in the middle St. Gregory; on his right hand St. Mildred; the other fide is broken. Chijlet. Park Street. 10 t. Grant from Henry Holte to Thomas Walware of one meffuage at Park ftreet in Chiftlet. 12 Hen. IV. 1352. Small round Seal. 102. Anicia Hughes, widow of John Middleton, of one meffuage here. 20 April, 10 Hen. V. 1422. The feal the fame as 101. 103. Letter of attorney from Robert Holyman, empowering Thomas Deryng to put Hamon and Joan Bregge in poffeffion of a feeding of four cows in a marfh called * This is the fum ftill paid by Mr. Tilbe. •f See N° 91. t This, by miftake, is labelled " Archbifhop Simon Mepham." § See this feal in plate III. fig. n. from the inltrument defcribed in p. 209. t) Archbifhop Iflip had been fecretary and keeper of the privy feal to K. Edward III. O o 2 Salt- »68 A N T 1 QJJ ITIES IN KENT. Saltkynesbrok, and two pieces of arable. 2 April, 19 Hen. VI. 1451. Much worn i 04. Releafe from Nicholas Gylbert to Hamo Bregge of all claim on a meffuage, garden, and xxixa. 11 r. of land, wood, meadow, and pafture, lying feparately in Chiftlet, granted to him and the late Robert Kennet by Robert Holyman. 10 Feb. 36 Hen. VI. 145;. 105. John Parfoun of Chiftlet to Ric. Hoke of two pieces of land. 45 Ed. III. 1472- Forjlalfield* 106. Robert, fon and heir of Thomas Confant, to John Ive of three acres in For- flalfield, below the curtilage de Hacche. 8 Oft. 6 Hen. VII. 1490. Cofmus Blean. Foxholes. 107. John, fon of Robert Lapyn, to Thomas Braunche of a piece of land at Foxholes. 26 Nov. 22 Edw. III. 154s. 10S. Thomas Adam de Helde in Hakynton to Thomas Kywhit and Peter Botevi- layne, brothers of the hofpital, of a piece of land at Foxholes in Cofmus Blean. 3 Feb. 25 Edw. III. 1352. 109. Releafe from Thomas Adam of Hakynton to Thomas Braunche of all claim on one croft and one acre of wood-land at Foxholes. 32 Edw. III. 1359. Seal oval a half moon between two ftars. no. Grant from Thomas Braunche of Canterbury of one croft in St. Cofmus Blean, called Foxholes, 8 Nov. 33 Ed. IK. 1360. Seal (fee plate 111. fig. 4.) round, fair, and the knpreffion from the murder of Becket. 111. Walter and Conftance Boner and John Taborer to Sir Thomas de Woltoa, clerk and others, of a croft at Foxholes, and part of one meffuage and one croft in Hakynton. Mar. 30 Edw. III. 1358. 112. Walter Bonere to the hofpital of a piece of land at Lithisfelue in laid parifh. 34 Edw. III. 1360. 113. William Martyn of Hakynton to John Hurtyn and others, of a piece of land at Scherthe in Cofmus Blean. 27 Y)zc. 1 1 Hen. IV. 1410. 1 1 4. Nicholas Pende to Robert Caufton of half an acre in Cofmus Blean called Shep- perdyferoft. 18 Sept. 18 Hen. VI. 1439. 115. Robert Caufton to the hofpital of the (aid half acre. 2 Jan. 24 Hen. VI. 1446. Cod- NORTH GATE. 269 Godwynjiom. Rollyng. 116. John Stour to Simon Philpot of a mefluage and four feet of land. 11 June, 15 Hie. II. 1392. 1 1 7. Thomas Copedok to Giles Nyker of and one acre at Elmynton Almoft obliterated. 118. Thomas, fon of Richard Sedeges, to John and Emma Sedeges of one rood of land at Heryngodes, and his part of a mefluage, late Richard Sedeges's. 13 Edvv. ill. 1339. ' 119.- John Sedeges to Thomas and Joan Copedok and their iffue, of one mefluage and half an acre of land d:\ilim; if no iffue, to revert. 31 Edw. III. 1357. Much worn. 120. Hamo and Th.>mas, fons of Stephen atte Steghele of Afh, to Thomas Cope- dok of one rood and a half. 39 Ed. III. 1355. 121. Thomas Cheefman of Bourn to Thomas Copedok of half a rood of land. 50 Edw. III. T376. See T. Ch. 1S3. 122. William Tebbe to Thomas Copedok one rood at Rymerftoun. 25 Mar. 6 Ric. II. 13S3. 123. Thomas Copedok and Simon Philpot to John Copedok of two acres and one acre, in all three acres, in a field called Attemede. 10 June, 20 Ric. II. 1397. 124. William Couper to John Copedok of Sandwich two acres and one rood and a half at Norrhdane. 20 April, 22 Ric. II. 1399. 12 j. Releafe from Alice Dowele and Conftance Chapman, daughters and heireffes of John Copedok, and Thomas Shereman, coufin and heir, to borh hofpitals, of all claim on a tenement and ten acres, late John Copedok's. 3 May, 4 Edw. IV. 1463. Almoft periihed. 126. Another releafe from the fame, dated 1 June 4 Edw. IV. 1463. 127. Acquittance from Thomas Sherman of London for xx s. in full payment of all demands on the laid tenement and ten acres, 9 May, 6 Ed. IV. 1466. 1.28. John Coppedok to John Frede and others of one mefluage and garden. 6 Feb. 5 Hen. VI. 14-27. 129. Henry Chapman to both hofpitals of two acres. 10 April, 4 Edw. IV. 1464. 130. Henry Chapman's letter of attorney, empowering William Jacob to put the priors in poffelllon. 12 April, 4 Edw. IV. 1464. 131. Simon Leyceftre of Sandwich to both hofpitals of a tenement and eight acres, late John Coppedok's. 12 May, 4 Edw. IV. 1464. 13.Z. Si- 2 ;o ANTiaUITIES IN KENT. 132. Simon Leyceitre's letter of attorney to William Jacob for livery and feifin* 12 May, 4 Edw. IV. 1464. j-3. John Baker of Chyllendon to John Johnfon and Thomas Warde of a tene- ment and ten acres, late John Coppedok's. 25 July, 8 Hen. VII. 1492. 134. John Johnfon and Thomas Warde to both hofpitals of the faid tenement and ten acres. 31 July, 8 Hen. VII. 1492. 135. Richard Duglas to bothe hofpitals of two yards of land feparatc. 2 Jan. 15 rien. VII. 1500. 136. Releafe from Richard Duglas of all claim on the fame. 20 Aug. 20 Hen. VIL 137. Affidavit before the mayor of Sandwich, by Griffell Bills, that her late huf- band John left to the hofpital an annual rent goyng yerlie out of the lands of the faid brethren, called Taberland at Rollyng, as by dede of releafe appears. Under the common feal, 21 Feb. 28 Hen. VIII. 1537. Gravemy. 138. William de Beyrdeftone to the hofpital of half the rent of a faltwork there *. jo Edw. I. 1281. Much perifhed. Seal oval, red wax. s. iacobi fil' vil- elmi. Hakinton, vulgo St. Stephens. 139. James fon of William de Colewenewode, to the hofpital of a tenement in Hakinton and fome land, late belonging to Mailer Hugo de Clervans, with an an- nuity of xxxvii 3. from different perfons, on payment of xl marks fterling. 55 Hen. III. 1260. 140. Releafe from John, fon of Terric of Canterbury, to the hofpital of all claim on fix acres in the tenure of the Archbifhop, which the Archbifhop had by the feofment of Lucia de Hakinton. 4 Edw. I. 1275. Torn. 141. Margaret, daughter of Arthur atte Helde, to the hofpital of three acres and a drove way at Stonrokks. Sept. 10 Edw. II. 13 17. 742. Walter and Conftance Bonere of Cofmus Blean to the hofpital of one mef- fuage and toft. 34 Edw. IV. 1360. (Seem.) 143. John Ropere of Weftgate to Thomas de Wolton and others, of houfes and land at Teghelerlhelde. 28 May, 36 Edw. III. 1362. * Now probably reduced to a penfion of 2 s. per ann. paid by John Lade, Efq. 144. Wil- NORTHGATE. 271 144. William Fox to the hofpital of two acres for xctx years by indenture. 7 Oft. (1477.) 17 Edw. IV. 145. Indenture between the hofpital and Sir Roger ManwooJ, granting a water- course from the fpring-head in their wood called St. John's, alias Brotherhood wood, unto his houfe at Hakinton, in a leaden pipe, on payment of vi s. vin cL annually; confirmed and figned by Archbifhop John (Whitgift), and figned and fealed by Sir Roger Manwood. 13 March, 30 Eliz. 15S8 ; . Heme. 146. Alignment from Thomas de Woltone to Philip de Northwode of all his- lands and tenements at Hennefordf, paying to this hofpital xls. and to Harble- down hofpital xx's. annually. 18 Oct. 30 Edw. III. 1356. 147. Thomas Bargve and others to Richard and Joan Lucas of one acre for their natural lives. 1 Nov. 3 RJc. II. 1379. 14S. Thomas Sprynget to John Barry of his lands and manor called Hennefordj, and two acres at Hampton, which he had from Barry. Sept. 1 Hen. IV. 1400. 149. Releafefrom Thomas Sprynget to James Twitham of all claim on Henneford-f-, purchafed of John, fon of Philip Northwode r and of ten acres,, fix at Hares in Childe, two \\ illiam at Halkes, two at Stateflonde, purchafed of the faid Northwode. 8 Jan. 12 Hen. IV. 141 1. 150. James Twitham to William Benet and others, of all his three tenements, woods, &c. in Heme, which he had by feofment from John Yong, on fome condition which is worn out. 6 June, 4 Hen. VI. 1426. 151. Copy of the will of Nicholas Rydere, granting to certain feoffees a capital meffuage and lands for the term of ten years, with certain entails, paying for that term vis. vmd. a year to the hofpitals, and after other contingencies fome other fumsto thefe and other religious houfes. 10 Feb. 1437. Almolt obliterated. 152. Fragment. Thomas Nowthorpe to John Bette of a meiTuage at Onderdowne.. 28 Aug. H 153. Matthew Philip, alderman of London, to Henry Harder fix acres near the reclory. 29 Oct. 30 Hen. VI. 1452. 154. Pr .: ate of the will of Johane Harder, widow, fyfier of the hofpital, ordering (befide bequefts at her funeral, &c.) her feoffees to deliver an account of her lands % at Heme to the yrior, and the filling up the feofment. 23 Jan. 3 Hen. VIII. 1512.. 15.;. Feoffment from John Martin and others to John Lamberherfl: and others tor the purpofes of Joan larder's will. 26 May, 3 Hen. VIII. 1J12. * The fame fum is ftil! paid by Sir Edward Hales, bart. the prefent pofieffor of the Hackington itc. f Thefe are the 50 acres now let by both hofpitals to Mrs. Tucker. See X 1 216. X This muft be the land mentioned in N° 216, now let to John Hubbard, us in the Ieafe it is fryled " Mayes, fo:ne time called Sifter Harding's land." 156. 1. 2 7 z ANT I q_U ITIES IN KENT. 156. 1. Thomas and Chariry Marten to Thomas Peefie of Grove of two acres of woodland, late Jean Sandeis's, mother of Charity Marten. 4 April, 27 Eliz. ic6. 2. Hugh Cherlton, clerk, and William atte See, to both hofpitals of one "acre called Goldhord, late Robert Byfiuer's. 39 Hen. VI. 1461. r q 7 . Conveyance from John Welby, jun. to the hofpital of two acres and a half arable in Haweburgh, and of a tenement, garden, and two acres adjoining at Childforftal *', alias llerft-j-, near the common in Heme, for fixty pounds. 2 April, 8 Char. I. 1632. This feems to have been purchafed with Lady Winchelfea's money. See N° 33. 158. Bond from John Welby. jun. to warrant the conveyance. 2 April, 8 Char. I. 1632. London. 159. Alignment from Ifabelle and Joan Lytelgram to Hugh Lytelgram of the remainder of a leafe for fifty years, from Trinity Convent, London. 20 May, 5 Hen. V. 1417. Littleborne. 160. Robert Couper, natural fon of John Couper, late of Littleborne, to Andrew and Joan Mowre of St. John's Hofpital, of one annuity of vi 1. xins. iv 3. and two quarters of wheat from lands in Littleborne for their lives. 4 May, 7 Eliz. Reculvre. 161. John Goldyng to John Knyght and John Baldewine of two acres, three roods;}:. 23 Sept. 1 Hen. V. 1413. 162. Leafe from the hofpital to Robert Hunt, of Hothe in Reculver, of two acres, three roods, called Brotherynlond J for ten years, rent 111 s. iv &. 14 Oct. 6 Edw. IV. 1466. * " Forfhl," in the laws of King Canute, (Chron. Bromton. npud X Scriptores, 923, 51.) fignifies " prohibitio itineris," and in Chron. Thorn, 2031, 9. "quietus efle de amerciamentis " de catallis areftatis infra (CL intra) terram veftram, &c." At prefent it feems fynonymous to " common," and perhaps maybe derived from " fofler-noth, pafture grounds, or places where • : cattle feed." See Somner's Saxon Dictionary. And the above pollibly might be ftyled " Chil- " foiftal " from the cold, that common being expofed to the N. and N. E. winds from the fea. D. f Now let to Mr. Anthony Jennings, at a referved rent of 2 1. 12 s. per ann. } Thefe together are probably the ma. m r. now let to Mr. Sennock, tenant at will, for il. 15 s. per aim. and the 1 a. 1 r. called Brotherhood Clofe in Hoath, let to Mr. Anthony Jen- niags a; a referved rent of S s. per ann. RochcJIei: NORTHGATE. Rockejler. 2 73 163. An indenture of partition between Thomas and Johanna Godet, his wife, and Mary Morel, of Rochefter, herfilter ; Joan to have a tenement, &c. by St. Clement's Church, Rochefter, and Margaret a tenement bought of the Countefs of Pem- broke, and another tenement in Horflane. 32 Edw. III. 1359. Sellynge. 164. Indenture of exchange of five acres for five acres between Robert Morris and John Proude. Sept. 23 Ric. II. 1399. Stourmouth, €65. William des Potier de Beyrdeftone to the hofpital of four bufhels of white fait, which Thomas de Stagno ufed to pay him out of a faltwork at Stourmouth, called la Hokot. 26 Dec. 7 Edw. I. 1278. See N° 138. Stow ting. Lyminge. St or ton. 166. Letter of attorney from Simon Inkepette to Stephen Andrews to deliver pof- feffion to Henry Seymour and John Fraunceys of all his lands in thofe parifhes. 1 J ul y» 34 Hen. VI. 1455. Streatham. 167. Leafefrom the Dean and Chapter of Chrift Church Canterbury, of the Her- mitage atStreatham in Surrey for 21 years, rent 111 s. rvct. dated Dec. 7, 1676. Defcribed in the leafe under the name of " All that their meffuage or tenement " fituate and ftanding in Streatham, in the county of Surrey, upon the common *' called Streatham Common, and commonly known by the came of The Hermi- " tage, with the appurtenances ; and alfo one half acre of the faid common ly- " ing next the faid meffuage, called The Hermitage, as it is taken in and inelofed " for an orchard by and with the confent of the Dean and Chapter, of the tenants " of the faid manor of Vauxhall in the faid county of Surrey, whereof the fame is a parcel." (Seal of the Dean and Chapter partly preferved. See plate IV. fig. 8.)* Sturresfeld. *68. Leafe from the hofpital to John Frymyngham of three roods for xl years, rent xxtf. 10 Jan. 14 Edw. IV. 1475. * The meffuage, defcribed as above, is ftill held in the fame manner, and for the fame referred rent, and is now let on leafe by the hofpital to Mr. John Rofs, at a referred rent of 2 1. 3 s. P p Ibenyngton. A N T I Q_U ITIES IN KENT. T'banyngton. 16-3. Gilbert and Alifcia de Cokeryng to Thomas Pope of Winchepe of two acres at Ung hylbetel in Cokeryng borgb f for xls. paid to them by Thomas Pope. 19 Edw. II. 1 525. 170. John atte Fryth to Sir Henry de Norton, reftor of St. Alphege, Canterbury, of two acres and a half in Tanington. 28 Oft. 42 Edw. III. 1368. 171. Indenture by which Henry de Norton (above mentioned), chaplain, exchanges with Thomas de Alkham de Wenchep a piece of land in Northfield, Tanyngton, lately bought of John atte Fryth, for one acre in Cokerynsfield. 44 Edw. III. 1 370. 172. Thomas Alkham, baker in Wenchepe, to Walter Cours and others, of four acres apud le Sandpette. June, 3 Ric. II. 1379. 173. Another grant of the fame. 29 June, 3 Ric. II. 1379^ 174. The fame to the fame of two acres and a half at the Sandpette. Feb. o Ric. II. 1385. 175. Thomas de Merfham to Agnes Paniter of Sevenok of two acres at Shaftyn- done. 20 Dec. \$ Edw. HI. 1342. 176. William de Betefhamme to John Pyk, two acres. Feb. 19 Edw. III. 1 3 45. 177. Henry Coupere to John de Romene of one acre. 4 March, 7 Edw. III. 1334. 178. John de R.omene, citizen of Canterbury, to John Pyk of one acre. 19 Edw. HI. 1346. 179. John Couper of Winchep to John Pyk of one acre, three roods. 31 Edw. III. 1357- 180. Releafe from Margery, late wife of John Couper, of Hamildown, to John Pyk of all claim on one acre, three roods. 40 Edw. III. 1366. 18 i. Grant from Thomas and Agnes Perot to John Pyk of three yards of land at Citeryne, 12 Mar. 32 Ed. III. 1358. Two feals ; an elephant; and a rofe of fix leaver with fix letters round it, plate III. fig. 6, 7. 182. John Pyk to William Farnham of a meffuage and five acres, two roods, of land. 26 Nov. 46 Edw. III. 1372. 183. Thomas de Norton, chaplain, to John Chefman of one acre at Shaftyndoun. 20 March, 47 Edw. III. 1373. 184. John Cheleman to Thomas Broggaue and others, [brethren of the hofpital] of four acres at Shaftindoun. 21 Sept. 1 Ric. II. 1377. 4 Edward Sankey now holds on leafe from the hofpital xn aGres of land at Cockering, at a rack rent of 4I. 2 s. per aim. 158. Re- NORTHGATE. 275 1S5. Releafe from John Dovor to Thomas Broggaue and others of claim on the laid four acres. 21 Sept. 1 Ric. II. 1 3 77. 186. Leafe from the hofpital to William Arnold of xm acres in Thanington. 16 Dec. 27 Hen. VIII. 1545. Almoft obliterated. T'banet. 187. John Eadmond, fenior, of St. Lawrence, Thanet, to Waiter Cour's and others, of an annual rent of md. fterling, from one acre of land by the For- ftall * in faid parifh. 5 Ric. II. 13 8c. 188. Laurence arte Nynne to Thomas Brokgrave and others, brethren of the hof- pital, of a rent of xii d. iffuing out of one acre in the manor of Menftre. 20 June, 6 Ric. II. 1382. 189. Grant by indenture from the prior, &c. to Thomas Waldyn of Eaft Clivef- end of one acre, one rood, (which was given them by Stephen Elifander) on payment of xii d. perpetual annual rent. 8 Feb. 3 Hen. IV. 1402. With an Englifh tranflation by Somner. Monkton. 190. John Helk and John Elkyn, feoffees of John Miles, to Thomas Bergrave an^ others, of one acre, two roods -}-, in the tenure of Chrift Church, Canterbury. Feb. 1 Ric. II. 1376. Menjlre. 191. Matilda, daughter of John Ho, to the hofpital of 11 s. annual rent out of a meffuage and one rood and a half of land. 1 Edw. I. 1272. 192. Leafe from the hofpital to John Hamon of three yards of land in Mynfter % for xl years. 5 May, 6 Hen. VII. 1492. Sarre. 193. 1. Richard and Agnes Tayllor to Thomas Baldewyn and others of fix acres in St. Giles's. 1 Nov. 2 Hen. IV. 1401. 194. 1. Thomas Baldewyne and others to the hofpital of via. xxp. divifim in St. Gyles's. 1 Nov. 3 Hen. IV, 1402. * See note* p. 272. -J- i a. 111 r. at Monkton are now held by the heirs of Sir John Sabine, at i I. per ann. % Whether this be the land now let on leafe to the Rev. Willbm Byrch, at a referved rent of 10 s. per ann. or that called Culverhoufe Garden, let to Mary Wotton for 6 s. 8 d. c ;:: lily be afcertained, as the quantity of both is the fame, viz. three roods. P p 2 27 6 A N T I Q^U I T I E S IN KENT. Wejibere. 193. 2. Laurence and Joan Menchar to William and Mary Carpenter of a piece of land. Sept. 10 Ric. II. 1386. 194. 2. John Herryng to John Soklyng of three roods. 16 Ric. II. 1393. 195. William Haute and others, feoffees of John Helar, to Richard Michell of two acres. 7 April, 13 Hen. VIII. 1522. 196. Richard Michell, brother of the hofpital, to Peter Pemble and others, of the faid two acres. 5 Jan. 26 Hen. VUI. 1545. Wye. 197. Releafe from Thomas Kempe of Wye to William Smith of claim of amefluage iu Wye. 9 Jan. 14 Ric. II. 1391. Wickhambreux. Mr. Snowe's BenefaHion. Ralph Snowe of Lambeth, Gent, left by will, dated 13 June, 1707, 200 1. to be laid out for the benefit of St. John's Hofpital by the Lord Archbifliop. Archbifhop Tenifon bought with 170 1. of this money xiv acres of marfh-land in Wickhambreux, 20 Aug. 17 14, and affigned it to Archdeacon Thomas Greene, Dr. G. Thorpe, Dr. Elias Sydall, Prebendaries of Canterbury, Dr. T. Wife, Reclor of St. Alphage, William Turner, Efq. William Deedes, M. D. and Paul Lukyn, Gent, of Canterbury, for the benefit of the Hofpital, with directions to the four furviving truftees always to chufe three more. Dr. Greene, then Bifhop of Ely, Dr. Sydall, then Dean of Canterbury, and Dr. Deedes, 2 Feb. 1730, made a new feoffment, and put in as feoffees, Dr. J. Lynch, afterwards Dean of Canterbury, Mr. Julius Deedes, afterwards Prebendary, William Crayford, Efq. recorder of Canterbury, and Samuel Norris, gent. auditor to the Dean and Chapter. The title-deeds of this eftate are as follows: 198. Conveyance from George Auftin of Canterbury, to Valentine Auftin of Adif- ham, of xiv acres of frefh marfh-laad in Wickhambreux, with the boundaries cucribed. 20 Dec. 1628. 199. Conveyance from Valentine Auftin of Upper Hardres to Robert Auftin of Adifham. 20 A. 1631. 200. Probate of Robert Aufiin's will. He gives (inter alia) thefe lands to his fon Michael Auftin; made 7 April, 1653; proved 2 Sept. 1653. 2ci. Deed of gift from Michael, fon of Robert Auftin, to his brother William cf the fame. 29 Dec. 1664. ao2. Mort- NORTHGATE. 277 2-C2. Mortgage of the fame from William Auftin to Thomas, afterwards Serjeant, Hardres. 9 Dec. 1668. Within it a bond to perform covenants. 203. Affignment of William Auftin's mortgage from Serjeant Hardres to George Gilbert Pierce. Aug. 26, 167 1. Signed by William Auftin, with his bond to perform covenants within it. 204. Copy. Affignment of William Auftin and other mortgagees, from George Gilbert Tierce to Serjeant Hardrefs. 1 Feb. 167 1-2. 205. Conveyance of thefc lands from William Auftin to John Enfett of Sturry. 26 Feb. 1680-1. Within it are put, 1. William Auftin's Affidavit of his title. 7. Covenant to fell. 3. Bond to perform covenants; and, 4. His receipt for 1S01. the purchafe money.. 206. Affignment from Serjeant Thomas Hardres of the mortgage N° 203. to Alexander Enfett. 11 Aug. 1681. It is endorfed on N° 203. 207. Affignment from Alexander Enfett to John Enfett of the fame mortgage. 1 r Aug. 168:. 208. Probate of John Enfett's will, giving (inter alia,) his lands in Wickhambreux (and ellewhere) to his fon William and his heirs ; on failure, to his brother Alexander and his heirs for ever. 26 May, 1695. Proved 8 June, 1695. 209. Mortgage from Alexander Enfett to Ed. Gibbs for l 1. 24 Jan. 1704. 210. Releafe from Alexander Enfett to the Lord Archbifhop [Tenifon] of thofe lands. 20 Aug. 17 14. Within it is the leafe for a year. 19 Aug. 17 14. 211. Affignment of Ed. Gibbs's mortgage to Dr. Sydall, in truft to attend the in- heritance. 20 Aug. 1 7 14. 212. Affignment from Dr. Sydall to Mr. Sawkins, to attend the inheritance. 10 Sept. 1 7 14. I 1 ! 3. Releafe and conveyance from the Lord Archbifhop to Dr. Greene and others* in truft for the hofpital. 8 Oft. 1714; and leafe for a year. 7 Oft. 1714. 214. Releafe and conveyance from Dr. Greene, Bifhop of Ely, to Dr. Lynch and others. 2 Feb. 1730. 215. Releafe and conveyance from William Lynch, Efq. (now Sir William, K. B.) eldeft fon and heir at law of Dr. Lynch, to Dr. Head and others, in truft. 17 July, 1767. (Copied into the hofpital account book.) c 11 a. r» 2 ;S ANTIQUITIES IN KENT. CHAP. VI. Maps, Terriers, Rentals, Books. M a p q. 212. HP HE platform of a parcel of land lying before the gates of the Moatc X Houfe, neere Canterburie in Kent, called the Brotherhoode Lande. It is on parchment, two feet fquare, coloured, and contains the land (as it feems) given by Thomas de Garwyntone, fee N° 23, &c. Wyke, and (hews the boun- daries of the parifhes of St. Martin and St. Paul. It feems to have been drawn in the time of Henry the Eighth. 213. A fketch on paper of part of the fame lands by William Boycote, who mapped the Moate eftate about 1620. Rollyng. 2 14. Map of a tenement and 2 r pieces of land at Rolinge in the pariih of Goodnef- ton, containing ixxx a. 11 r. xxm p. at xvi ft. vi in. to the rod, or lxxxiii a. xxiii p. by the fliort rod of xvift. (See N° 116, &c.) By William Boycote, 1617*. It is on parchment, xx inches by xr. Ch[ftkt. 215. Rufhley Wood, contayne vin a. in r. xxxpt- By William Boycote, 1639, It is on parchment, xni inches and a half by v inches. Heme. 216. The defcription of xv pieces of land in the occupation of John Nottingham, contayning lvi a. 1 p%. whereof Th. Smith claym The reft is torn off. On the fame parchment is the defcription of three pieces of land called Mayes, in the occupation of G. Hellet, contayning xxxi a. 11 r. xivp. whereof, in the field, having this mark §, Sir James Oxenden claymeth two acres ; the bo- thers of Herbaldown claym three acres; the refidue (being) xxvia. 11 r. xiv p. (belong) only to the hofpitale§. Sans date. It is on parchment, xxn inches by xiv and three quarters. See N 3 154. * Now let on leafe to Sir Narborough D'Aeth, bart. •J- Now let on leafe to Mr. Anthony Jennings at a referved rent of 1 1. 12 s. per annum. J Now eleven pieces, containing 50 acres, let to Mrs. Jane Tucker for 14 1. per ann. two- thkds to this hofpital, and one third to Herbaldown, and known by the name of Hensford. § Now xxviii a. 11 r. belonging folely to this hofpital, and let on leafe to John Hubbard for 1 referved rent of 61, 11 s, per ann. 2 217. A N O R T H G A T E. : 79 217. A map of nine pieces of arable land demifed to Mrs. Mildred Knowler, wi- dow, by the two hofpitals, contayning liii a. 1 p. by Henry Maxted and Ed- ward Randall, 1729. It is on parchment xxvn inches by fiii. It is of the land in the occupation of Nottingham in the former map. N J 216. Terriers. Rollpig. 218. A terrier of Tabeder's land, belonging to the brothers of St. John and Her- baldown, made July die 20th, 1674. It is a parchment roll, containing xxvni articles; the fum total is Lxxxvina. xix p. [It is now let to Sir Narborou°h D'aeth.] 219. A true and perfect terrier of feveral pieces and parcels of land lying in Rollnp- in the parifli of Goodneftone in the county of Kent; belonging to St. John's Hofpital, and St. Nicholas Herbaldowne, containing lxxx a. 11 r. xxmp. It is a parchment roll, and has xxi articles. No date. Between 1674 and 1 706. 220. Another terrier, exa&ly the fame as N° 219, excepting the alterations of oc- cupiers names. Made the 24th day of July, 1706. Rentals. 221. An old prior's rental beginning, " Itm, three tenements in Ivy Lane. 222. The janitor's accounts of repairs from Michaelmas 1462 to Michaelmas 1463,. in Latin. 223. Another. Sans date. Books. 224. The Chapel Regifter, containing five baptifms, from 1635 to 1698-9; xtii marriages, from 1638 to 1676; and cix burials, from 1635 to 1689. On ten folio pages. 225. Regifter of admiffions, from March 26, 1359, to May 12, 1658. 226. The prior's accounts of the pittance-money ; beginning 1521, ending 1549 s and the prior's admonitions. 227. The prior's accounts from Michaelmas 15 10 to 1563. 228. The prior's accounts from 1605 to Sept. 14, 1647. Mr. Somner's petition is at the end in his own hand writing. (See it in Chap. IX. p. 281,) 229. The prior's accounts from 1701 to Michaelmas, 1727. CHAP, 2 8o A N T I Q_U ITIES IN KENT. CHAP. VII. An Account of Mrs. Lovejoy's, Mrs. Masters's, and Mr. Brown's Legacies. Mrs. Lovejoy. ELIZABETH Lovejoy, widow, by her will, proved about April 1695, gave to the mayor and commonalty of the city of Canterbury the leafe of the parfonage of Callis Grange in St. Peter's Thanet, holden from the Dean and Chapter of the Cathedral, Canterbury, charged with the payment (inter alia) of one annuity of ten pounds to St. John's Hofpitah Mrs. Masters. Mrs. Mary Mailers, formerly of the city of Canterbury (fpinfter), by her laft will, dated 11 Jan. 171 1, appointed Sir Harcourt Mailers her executor; and by a codicil gave five pounds a year to each of the poor hofpitals in Canterbury. By an aft of parliament 7 Geo. I. Sir Harcourt Maflers's eftate was forfeited to make good the lofles of the South Sea Company, of which he was a director ; and all who had claims on his eftate were directed to claim before Dec. 5, 1721. Sept. 14, 1 72 1, the fix hofpitals in Canterbury and its fuburbs, by a letter of attorney, empowered Richard May, Gent, to claim for them, which he did Sept. 21, 1 72 1, which claim was allowed ; and the faid yearly fum of five pounds to each hofpital were valued by Mr. Borrett, a mailer in Chancery, at dclx 1. But Sir Harcourt Mafters's eftate being not fufficient to anfwer all the claims thereon, was found able to pay but vi s. vi cf. in the pound. May 13, 1735, The hofpitals petitioned to have their dividend of the dclxL which was granted. July 4, 1735, They impowered the faid Richard May to receive it. July 22, 1735, He accordingly received for the faid hofpitals ccxiv 1. xs. out of which was dedufted a bill due to him for charges and trouble, xxxi 1. vma*. and there remained in his hands clxxxiiiI. ixs. ivS. Oftober 23, 1736, The hofpitals, by a letter of attorney, empowered Dr. Lynch, Dean of Canterbury, and John Knowler, Efq. recorder of Canterbury, to receive the faid clxxxiii 1. ix s. iv 3. and to place it in the public funds, which they did Jan. , 1736, and with it purchafed clxiiiI. xvis. 1113". capital Hock in old South Sea annuities, for the ufe of the faid hofpitals. At Michaelmas, 1737, the annihilation on vi t. xvis. vine?, was paid to the truftees, and at Michaelmas 1 740 they repurchafed the fame fum. So that the capital is {till clxxxiii 1. ixs. iva\ old South Sea annuities. Mr. N O R T H G A T E. 281 Mr. Knowler, the furviving truftee, transferred the truft to the mayor and al- dermen of the city of Canterbury ; and the chamberlain regularly pays the divi- dends to the hofpiuls. They are Eaftbridge, St. John's, Mayrurd's, Jelus, Cogaa's, and Smith's. Mr. Brow n. Matthew Brown, by his will, dated 12 Dec. 1717, and proved 26 Aug. 1721, gave to the hofpitals of Eaftbridge, Maynard, St. John, and St. Nicholas ; to the charity fchool in Canterbury, and to the parifh of Weftgate for two poor people, to each of them refpecHvely ten (hillings, to be paid to them on the loth of March yearly for ever, iffuing out of two houfes in the borough of Staplegate, at that time in the occupations of Paul Whitehurft and Matthew Derby, with power to enter and diftrain : xvi s. is to be paid to Weftgate yearly. But thele houfes not being fufficient for the payment of thefe fums, they are untenanted *. * This is not the cafe at prefent, the {Upends above mentioned having bsen regularly paid for fome years paft to each of thofe charities. D. CHAP. VIII. The present State of this Hospital, 1765. [THIS chapter is omitted, as the ftate of the Hofpital in the prefent year (1784) has been already given in p. 197.] [Here ends the MS. of Dr. Beauvoir.] CHAP. IX. The Cafe of the Hofpitalls of' Herbaldowne and Northgate neer Canterbury, concerning their Annual Penfion of 80 1. apiece from the Archbilhop of Canterbury, ftated. [Drawn up by Mr. Somner (fee p. 279.). The notes in the margin are the Author's.] I. ''j^HAT the faid hofpitalls were refpectively founded more then 500 yeares J. ago, by Archbilhop Lanfrank, in the Conqueror's dayes(i), and that their faid founder endowed [them] with maintenance for poore, aged, and difeakd f 60 in each houfe, people of both iexes f, is clear by the teftimony of Eadmerus, a 120 m both. monkeof the cathedral at Canterbury of the very fame tim< (1), in the hiftory which he wrote of his owne tinies, called " Hifloria Novorum," pag. 9. where, relating their foundation, he fayes of the one (Northgate), " Ordina- " vit etiam eis de fuo veftitum & vi<5him quotidianum ;" that is, " he allotted to "them, out of what was properly his owne, dayly food and rayment:" of the (1) Viz. about 1084. Q^q other 2 3« ANTIQUITIES IN K' E N T. other (HerbalJowne), " His pro qualitate ftri morbi omnia quibus egerent de fuo " miniflrari Coriftituit ; ' that is, " to thefe, according to the quality of their difeafe (which was 'the leprofy), " he affigned, of his o.vne, what might fupply them with * Oflate vearcs " all neceffaries." Thus Eadmerus * ; who gives no further ac- fet out by Mr. count of their endowment, what it was, either in grofle, or in JohnSelden. particular. II. But within, or neer upon, ico vea res after, to wit, in Hen. ll's, or Rich. I's time, a fucceffor of Lantrank, one Richard ( i ), taking into confideration and commileration the great indigence of the faid hoipitalls, for want of competent en- dowment, for remedy thereof, by his deed or charter, yet extant (2), under his archiepilcopal feale (after recitall therein made of the faid hofpitalls endowment with 140 1. lterling per ann. by his predeceffor Lan frank their founder, payable out of his manours of Reculver and Boughton in Kent), grants them an augmentation of 20 1. per ann. payable out of the paiibnage of Reculver. IN. From and after which time of augmentation the faid hofpitalls, for about 100 yeares together, conftantly received the faid 160 t. accordingly, namely, untill the time of Archbifhop Kilwardby (r) in Edward I'sdayes, who, in lieu there- of, granted unto them the whole parfonage of Reculver; which grant his next fuc- celTor Archbifhop Peckham (4) (in regard Of fuffdry inconveniences by experience founde to follow thereupon), taking along with him the content of the Pope, the Prior and Convent of Cnriff. Church, and the refpecrive governors of each hofpi- tall, revoked, charging the fee with the payment of the wonted maintenance, as by his charter, alfo extant (5), will further appeare. IV. And thus it continued untill Archbifhop Stratford's time (6), who, in Edw. Ill's dayes, finding the hofpitalls defective of fecurity by writing for their laid petition of 160I. per ann. and being minded to fuccour them with better fecurity for time to come, obteened an appropriation of the faid parfonage of Reculver to him and his fucceffors, annexing it ." menfe archienifcopali," or " to the archbi- " fhop's table;" from and out of the fruits of which parfonage fo appropriated the faid hofpitalls peniion fhould afterwards arife ; but the laid Archbifhop dying ere the perfecting the fecurity intended, his fucceffor, Siiru.n Iflep (7), by his char- ter (8), charged himfelfe and his fucceflbfs, and in the vacancy the collectors of the profits of Reculver parfonsge, with the laid penfion, during the continuance of the faid appropriation ; which if at any time ceaiing, the peniion to be afterwards raifed out of the Archbilhop's temporalities ; as by his laid charter 1,8), and the charter under the broad feal of Edw. III. in confirmation of the forementioned appropriation, yet extant (9), will further appeare. V. And accordingly (for ought appeares by anv recorde in either of the faid hofpitalls, or elfewhere, now extant, to their knowledge), she matter flood with (i) Archbifhop Richard was archbifhop from 1174. to 1184. (2) See it in the Hittory of Reculver, p. 1=9. (3) 1272 — 127S. (+) 1278 — 1294. (5) See it in the Hiir. of Reculver, p. 151. (6) 13-33 — 1 34-S'. 17) n4Q — 1366. Iflip was not Stratford's immediate fuccclfor. Bradwardin and Ufford in- tervened. (8) See it in the Hiltory of Reculver, p. 148. (9) Ibid. p. 141. the N O R T H G A T E. 2S3 the faid hofpitalis in point of maintenance untill the time of the diffolution of reli- gious houfes by Hen. VIII. and Edw. VI. At that time the faid hofpitalis w re both kept up undiflolved, and their faid maintenance, according to their chari- table foundation, continued, as by the furvey taken of either, and recorded in the Court of Augmentations (i), whereof they have copies ready to produce, appeares : wherein (amongft other things) expreffe mention is made of a penfion of 80 1. per ami. due and payable unto each of them by the Archbifliop of Canterbury, which indeed they have ever fince conftantly received from the Archbifhop's receiver generall, or his affigne authorifed from time to time to pay the fame out of the rents due to the Archbifhop from Sc. Gregorie's neer Canterbury, the demefnes of Chiftlet ma- nor, and the parfonage of Reculver, quarterly, as the faid renis come in. VI. Truth is, the faid furvey intimatcth the one (that of Northgate) to be paya- ble out of the Archbilhop's coffers, the other, from the manors of Reculver and Boughton, and the parfonage of Reculver. But this difference in their pav at that time how it came to paffc, or by what meanes afterwards the faid rents of St. Gregorie's, Chiftlet, and Reculver, became charged with it in fpeciali, they are altogether ignorant. For, being poore, fimple people, they ahvayes thankfully received it, without regard or queftion from whence it rofe; being never driven, for lacke of payment, either to conteft for it, or to fhew any evidence to juftify their claime thereunto; ever peaceably enjoying it without any interruption. How- beit, by what is prealleaged, they conceive their claime and title to the faid per- fion to be fo fully and fufficiently cleared and aliened, and the archbifhopricke fo apparently liable unto it, as they fhall not neede to doubt of a confirmation and fettlement thereof, by authority of parliament, upon them and their fucceffors to all perpetuity, according to the laudable intention of their pious founder, and for encouragement of others in like afts of charity. The feverall particulars in this cafe are truly and faithfully alleaged. Will'm Somner, Notary Publicke. This cafe was drawne and prefented, with a copy thereof, to the furveyors of the Bifhops, &c. lands in the yeare 1646 (2), to the end they might take notice of the hofpitalis right and claime to that penfion of 160 f. per ami. out of the Archbifhop's revenews, and might certify the fame to the trultees, whereby fome timely provision might be made for the conftant payment thereof in time to come, by referving (o much of the yearly revenew from fale, or otherwife. (1) In the Prior's Difburfements for 1647 is this article, " Item, laid out for the furvey which wee had out of the Augmentation Courte, xxnn s. vi d. (2) And in thofe for 1646, are the following: " Spent when wee went toWingham toprefent apettition to the deputie leiuetenants, 11 s. 1111 d. Item, paid for hors hire when wee went to the lords, v s> Item, paid for a pettition to fend to London, ,, s# Item, paid for writtlDge of a pettition to prefent to the lords, H s . Item, paid to George for his journey to London, v s> Item, paid for two other petitions which were fent to London, vs. m d." With leveral other charges of journeys to London, and tlfewhere, " about getting off their fefles." Qj\2 CHAP. :S 4 A N T I QJJ ITIES IN KENT. CHAP. X. The Moat Lands, or Wyke ; Suit concerning them. THE ftate of the controverfy relating to the Moat Lands, or Wyke (briefly mentioned, p. 260.) will appear from the following petition, which was pre- fented to Archbilhop Whitgifjt foon after 1583. ** To the moll Reverend Father in God and our dreade patron, the Lorde Archbi- Ihonpe of Canterbury his Grace, Primat and Metropolitan of all Engfande, and one of his Majeltie's moft honourable Pryvie Counfell. I IN mod: humble and lamentable wife fbewethe and enforraeth your grace your poore bounden orators and dalie headmen, the brothers and filters of your ^race's hofpitall of St. John the Baptift nere Canterburye ; that whereas your faide orators and there predeceffors ever fince the foundation of the faide hofpitall were feafed in there demeafne, as of fee, as in the righte of the faide hofpitall, of cer- ten lands called the Moat Lands, containing xxxn acres lyinge at the Moat nere Cmterburye, worthe per ann. xvi 1. nowe in the occupation of Sir Moyle Fynche, knighte *, for whiche lande your faide orators have bin yerelie anfwered for the farme thereof xiii s. mid', by Sir Thomas Fynche, Sir William Fynche deceafed, and diverfe, whofe eftate they had, without deniall, untill about xxi yeres pall the oardaines [guardians] of the faide Sir Moyle Fynche, in his minoritie, felled the tymber trees growinge uppon the faide lande, which your faide poore orators per- ceyveing' , caryed awaye parte thereof ; whereuppon your fuppliants exhibited a fup- plication unto the Lorde Archbiflioppe Parker's grace, who, by affent of the laide Sir Moyle Fynche, referred the judgemente of the righte thereof unto Sir Roger Man- wood, knighte, now L. Chiefe Baron, who, upon the fighte of our evidence, willed Sir Moyle Fynche to fatisfie the arrerages of the rent, but made no final! cud for that the faide L. Archebiihoppe died *, fince whofe deathe the faide Sir * Sir Moyle Finch was afterwards a baronet, being advanced to that title 9 Jam. I. but he did not lontf enjoy that and his ample fortune, as he died in December, 1614, while this fuit was litigating. Eaflwell houfe and manor, &c. was derived from his mother, daughter and coheir- of Sir Thomas Moyle ; the Moat from his father Sir Thomas Finch, as defcended from Philip Belknap. t ^ 1575, Moyle N O R T H G A T E. 2S5 Moyle Fynche hathe denyed and yet dothc denie to paie the Came, unles your faide orators will receave the fame as a drie rent out of" the faide lande, whereby the fee iymple thereof lhoulde be in him and not in your faide orators, who have ve- rie ancient evidence to prove the fame. Since which your fade orators exhibited one other fupplication to the late L. Archbifshoppe Griudall his grace touchinge the premiffes, who, by affent of Sir Moyle Fynche, appointed Mr. Redman now archdeacon of Canterbury, and Mr. John Boys, efquire, to here and determine the caufe, who, perceyveinge a manifefte righte in your faide orators, required him to paye the rent and the rerage, and he fhoulde have fuche leafe for terme of yeares as they coulde make, but he refufed to paye it but as drie rent, and ymediately the faide Archbifhoppe died -f. Forafmuche, therefore, as the arrerage of the faide rent of the lande dothe amount unto xniil. or thereaboute, and yerelye in- creafethe, to the greate impoverifhinge of your faide poore orators, beinge parte of theire flipend, and prejudice of there bhcritaunce, if it fhoulde thus longeconti- newe litigious ; and forafmuche as your faide poore orators have no other to appeale unto, but only to your grace's ayde and defence in there juft quarrel), be- inge of themfelves aged, impotent, and poore, unable any waie to releve themfelves, muche leffe to mayntaine futes with fuche a perfon ; moft humblie befeche your grace of your accuftomed clemencye to have fome commifferacion uppon your faide poore orators, to take there caufe into your grace's protection, to order and decide the fame accordinge to your orators' righre, as befl fliall feme to your grace's moft approved wifdome. Or ells, that, with your grace's affent, to whome we humblie lubmitt ourfelves, your faide poore orators maye take fuche courfe by lawe for tryall of the title thereof as to your grace fhall feme expedient. And your faide poore orators fhall accordinge to our bounden dutie praye unto God for your grace longe to contynewe in moft happie eftate." By the petition inferted p. 290, they feem in 1596 to have had a verdict in their favour. It came to a trial, however, again m 16 15, of which the pro- grefs and event will beft appear by the following extracts from the Prior's books, which are alfo curious as they give the particulars of law-charges 170 years ago. " Here begineth the charges of the fewt between Sir Moyll Fynche, Knight, and his hayres, and our Houfpetall of St. Johne's ; fyrft Markes Hyfoll, pryor, in the yeare of our Lord God 1614, and continuing in Renell Bourn's tyme, being pryor in the yeare 1615, and ending in Jefper Wreeke's tyme, being pryor in the fame yeare 1615, being the xvmth of September, with thefe charges that foloweth, all for our land at the Mott [Moate] before the gatt. * 1583. * Li 286 ANTIQUITIES IN KENT. " In Markes Hyffol's tyme. I!m, payd for a horffe hyre for on of our brethren to Eyfhvell, to Mafter Groves our atorny, for the feeking out of the prambulatyon of St. Paulle's, for a copy of the juryes names, unto Strydicke * going toLoun oo A N T I C^U I T I E S IN KENT. In 1627 alfo fomc other expences occur, of "going to Foorde to my Lord's Grace," and " to the Lady Fynche aboute our bufmefTe," &c. For in this year her ladyftup having offered to pay them xlI. for arrears, with xx f. more towards their cofts, Sec. the hofpital prefented the following petition to Archbiihop Abbot : To the mofl Reverend Father in God, our Right Honourable good Patron, the Lord Archbiihop of Canterburie his Grace, Primate of all England, and Metro- politan. The humble Petition of your Grace's Aknefmen- and Almefworaen, the Brothers and Sillers of your Grace's Hofpitall of St. John neere Canterburie. SH E W E T H, That whereas in a tryall concerning- a fuite for certayne lands,, betweene your graces petitioners and Sir Moyle Finch, knight, the veredict of xn fufficient jurors paffed on the behatfe of your petitioners the feaventeenth day of July, in the 38th yeare of the raigne of Queene Elizabeth *. And where your graces petitioners being fruftrated, by finider meanes, of the poffeflion of the fayrT" lands, then adjudged them by the faid veredift, were conflrained to commence a new fuite, which received a tryall in Canterburie -f at your grace's being there, at which tyme the fayd fuite palled againft your petitioners : nevertheleffe, fo it is,. if it may pleafe your grace, that, fince the fayd tryall, the Lady Finch % hath of- fered unto your petitioners, in lieu of their arrerages of thirteene fhillings and four- pence per annum,, by them heretofore received, to give theqj fourty pounds, and' twenty poundes towards rheir cofte and charges difburfed, together with a graunr and confirmation of the faid annuall rent of thirteene fhillings and four pence to the faid hofpitall for ever, fo as your grace's petitioners will releafe the land for- merlie queftioned, to the faid Lady Finch, and to her heires for ever, under their common feale •, which to doe your petitioners utterlie refufe, unleffe it may ftand with your good pleafure and liking to give approbation thereunto. Your grace's petitioners therefore doe moll humblie befeech your grace to fignine your pleafure, whether you will vouchafe to Hand their gracious patron, in cafe they fue for the faid lands againe, or that they {hall accept of the faid motions and offers of the fakl Lady Finch, and doe as fhee requireth, as above. And your grace's petitio- ners {hall (as in dutie they are bounden), continue their daylie prayers for the right honorable profperitie of your grace in this life, and for your eternall happines* in the life to come. * In 1596. See p. 285. ■f- Probably in 161 5, as it appears, p. 293, that the archbiihop was that year at Ford. { She was then Vifcountefs MaMitone, being fo created in 1623. §ee p. 388, note t- To N O R T II G A T E. e 9 t To this the Archbiihop returned an anfwer, with his confent and decree, as is here expreffed: THAT the brothers of St. John's Hofpitall doe accept of my Lady Finch * hit offer, in fuch manner as hath bin represented unto mce by theire pcticon, that is to fay, of fortie pounds, in leiu of theire arrerages of thirteene {hillings and foure pence per annum, by them heeretofore receyved. And twenty pounds to- wards their cofts and charges difburfed in theyre fuite. Together with a grant and confirmation of the faide annuall rent of thirteene (hillings and foure pence to the faide hofpitall for ever, fo that the brothers and fitters of the faide hofpitall doe releafe the lands formerlie quettioned to the Lady Finch* and to hirheyres for ever, under theire cofnon feale. And I doc further decree, that thefe fommes of monny thus receyved fhall not pafs into a divident among the brothers and fitters now in beeing -, but that, for the good of them and theire potteritie, it be imployed in fome purchafe. By meanes whereof they fhall not only have their former rent of xiii s. iv cT. per annum ; but an addition and increafe alloe of three pounds by the yeare accordinge to twentie yeares purchafe. So that thefe conditions bee performed by the advife of learned counfell, that there may be no further queftion heereafter, I give my confent that all thinges fliould be effected as heere is Specified. October 3, 1627. G. Cant. Yet after this, it feems, there was another trial at the Guildhall of Canterbury, as it appears to have been after the Couvuefs was fo created, which was in 1628. And then, in 1631, the prior, &c. prefemed to her ladyihip the following petition: To the Right Honorable the Countefle of Winchelfcy, widdowe, late wiefe, of Sir Movie Pinch, Knight and Boronett, decealed. The humble Peticon of the Prvor, Brothers, and Sifters -j~, of the Hofpitall of St. John the Baptitt neare and without 'the Wattes of the Cittie of Canterburie. \JL 7 H E R A S wee have heeretofore brought feveral fuits againft your honour's \ \ laid husband in his liefe tyme, and one fuite in your honour's widdowhood, for certeyne lands, parcell of your manuor or lands called the Moate, neare Can- terburie, which fuits wee were induced to cofhence and profecute by fome entries in our booses, and by fome other evidences. Nevertheles, upon the late long iryall of that lute brought in your widdowhood, after leaven or eight homes (pent in deliverie of the evidence on both tides the verdict was on your honour's parte. And it then appeared, and our councell at lawe and wee reft Satisfied, that Wee have onlie right to a rent of thirteene lhiilings, and fower pence per annum, ilfu * That the archbifliop fliould nor give this lady he.r proper ti;ie of " Maidftone'' if a little fur- yriting. See . .290, nete j. t No " fitters," however, have f.gned ic. B r 7. inge A X T I Q^U I T I E S IN KENT. inge our of Moate lands, and noe ty tie at all to any the f.ild lands, which rent hath not been payed (nice Michaellmas one thowfand five hundred fixtie and fewer, which was in the feaventh yeare of the raigne of the late Queene Elizabeth. We, therefore, by the advice of our counfell, and by the good liking and approba- tion of the mofl reverend father in God, the lord's grace of Canterburie, our mod honorable patron, humblie befeech your honour, that the faid arrerages may be paid unto us, and the faid rent of thirteene (hillings and fower pence may for ever, from henceforth, be yeerlie payed unto us and our fucceilbfs out of the faid lands. And wee lhall be reddie to doe any afte that your honour (hall require for the re- leafinge and renouncinge all pretence of clayme or tytle to any of the faid lands, other then the faid annuall rent of thirteene (hillings and fower pence. And wee lhall day lie praye for your longe lief with increafe or" honour and all happines. The marke of John Carr J prior. James Coppen. The marke of Adrian Mighell. The marke of "K Adam White. The marke of ^ William Rooke. The marke of William Rude. The marke of ^ John Berte. William from Fryps*. Joh. Hake. Joh. Flaftun. The marke of V Henrye Pribles. The marke of -j- Reynold Shipleye. William Barles. Joh. Blowfeild. joh. Harward- To which the Countefs returned the following anfwer '"IP' H E profecution of this cawfeles aud uniuft fuite I doe willingly pafle by, JL and ihall willingly from henceforth pay the thirteene (hillings and fowre pence rent annually to the brothers and their fuceefibrs, the non payment of which hath bene occaiioned by their pretence of tytle to the land. But the * molt of them incurred before the tyme of theis petitioners, of which it is no reafon they have the benefitt ; but, upon conferring with my lord's grace, I am willing th£ money behind be layed owt in buying landes or rent in perpetuity to the pe- titoners and their fuceefibrs; and at my lord's grace his requeft, I am alfo con- tent to geve twenty poundes more to the peticoners, fo as with the faid twenty poundes and forty poundes of the arrerage fome fitt landes of the yearely valew of three poundes be purchafed for the brotherhood to continew for ever to the hofpitall, and the refidew of the arreres may goe to the peticoners towards their charge. Secundo die Februarii, anno E. Winchelsey. regni Caroli feptimo, 1631. * Worn and illegible in the MS. With N O R T H G A T E. 293 With this funi the four acres and a half on Heine Common, or Childforflall, and probably i'oir.e land at Hoath, -ere purchafed, how let (together - ) to Mr. Anthony- Jennings for nt. xviii s. per aDii. and thus the matter ended. The fir ft mention of " an annuity from the Couiuefs of Yv'inchelfea of xitis. and ivct. out of *' certaine lands at the Moate, cue at Michaelmas, which is yeerly paid than to the u pittance," is in 1632. in 1643 they delivered a note tc Mr. Maior and Sir William Man " for to re- ceive their money due out of the Mott lands." But it has been regularly paid, ever lince. CHAP. XL Farther Extracts from the Prior's and Reparationee's Account Books. " 1615. Payd unto the payntors for [archbifhop] Lanfranck's armes, ins. iY francke's armes, xn &Y unto Andrew Konke [clerk] for ringeng twifs at the going of my lorde's grace -f~ to t'ourd, vict. The fucceeffion of matters in. this century was Dr. Martin Fotherby (bifliop of Sa- rum, 16 1 8), Dr. Clarke, Dr. Jackfon £, arid Mr. Somner (the antiquary), 1660, but when the others fucceeded I cannot ascertain. It appears that in the laft century the hofpital had two fealls, one at Chriftmas, and the other at Midfummer, towards the former of which was paid in 1638, nt. vs. vict. Expence of it, ml x s. xct. Towards the latter, 11 1. ix s. vict. Expence of it, int. vis. x 5*. The latter bill, to fhew the price of provifions at that time, fhall be added. " Payd to the woman that helped in the kitchen, vi a\ ■ to the two turnfpets, vine?. for bee re at diner, inicT.. for beere to make the ferveing men drinke that brought meat to our feaft, n ct» * Dean's, then Dr. Charles Fotherby. f Archbifhop Abbot. X Thomas Jackfon, D. D. prebendary of Canterbury, 1614, and rector of Ivychurch in Rom- ney Marfli. He died in 1646, in which year is this article, " Spent upon the ringers when Dr.- Jackfon was buried, 1 s. 1 d." though he does not appear to have been buried in the hofpital church. 7 " Payd - ■ ;i ANTIQUITIES IN KENT, *' PayJ for So pound* of beefe at Vs. the fcore, it. for a calfe, xvm s. for two lamb?, xvm s. to the cooke for drifting of diner, mi s.-j- for beere for the kitchen, nn d'. for putter wee borrowed, vi d. for a gallon of facke, mis. iv 3. for' a pottle of claritt t and a pottle of white wine §, n s. vm d. for a bufhell and a pecke of meale, v s. for halfe a barrel || of beere, im s. n d. for three .coople of chicken, n s. vi d. nit, vis. x d. They had al'fo at that time three communions in the year, viz. at Ea'fter, Lam- mas, and Chriftmas, befides one occasionally " for thofe of St. Gregories ;" at each of which the ufual expence of " three quarts of mufcadell" was " m s. vi d. bread ii Q." That there were alio fermons occasionally, appears from the following en- tries : 1642. " Payed for a pinte of facke when Dr. Peake ** did preach, March 12, vii d. Item, for. a pinte of mufcadell and a bifcett, when our mafter did preach, vmd.tt 1647. " Spent upon Mr. Lovell when he gave us a fermoa, is. iv 3." which by a fubfequent account (" when Mr. Dell-may preacht"), teems to have beeo " for a quart of facke and bifcete*." But when Mr. Lovell gave them a fermon again, the expence " in cakes and beere" was only x d. Atpreient their commu- nion-table and their pulpit are never ufed. * This in 1642 was'increafed " to 177 pounds, ii'l. is. ivd." + This expence the year before was only ii s. and in 1634 only xn d. J That all red wine was at that time called " claret" is pretty certain, and that the'*' Tack" *'as not canary, but rhenifh, is as evident, if' it were the lame wine with which Filftatf thought it no /in to mbUug.ir. Even when they agreed with a carpenter to repair their ch\;r;h iieeple in 1640, their beverage was " a ; pint of facke, .vm d." Thus thofe bofpitallers were more expenfive than their fuccefiors, who are contented with one fealt in a year, and with beer only at that ; and even this the increafcd price of provisions, and the decreafed value of money, the lead -rents full continu- ing the fame, would render " more honoured in the breach than the obfervance." § This in 1642 was increafed to " three quarts of facke, a gallon of claret, and a gallon of white *• wine, vm s. 11 d." || An*! this to a " barrel of beer, lxs." ** Humphry Peak, D. D. prebendary of Canterbury, 1632. •fcf This on the fame occafion in 1643 was " a quarte of facke, 1 s. iv d." In NORTH GATE 595 Tn 1609 is this entry : " Payd unto Mailer EJ wards for wry ting out of our Laten rentoll into Eynlefh [Englifh], 11 5. vnid.'' " In the yeareof >ur Lord God 161 1 the Porter's Logge [Lodge] was n ewe built in the month of September and October by the pryer and his fouer afliftants, not onlv by the charges of the Hofpetall, but only the greter part by the Right Won- fhepfulles and other well defpofed pe >pell. " The names of the gyvers. Sir Peter Manod *, knight. Do&er Newman. Sir John Bo fife ■f, knight. Matter William Man, Counfeller.- Sir William Lov! f \, knight.. Matter Edward Gardner, Efquyre.- Sir Thomas Haiti i, knight. With many other gentellmen more." Docter fotiiers.be §J In 1 63 1 Sir Peter Hayman gave x s. " towards the repayringe of the greate. windowe in the chinche," nd in the fame year his daughter and afterwards others 1 cf his family were buried there. In 1636 is : difburiement " for wine,, when, our church-yard was confecrated,. xx a." In 16; >7 is another " for pitch and terr to burne in the church, and about the houfe \ "1." an i in 1641 " for frankenfence about our church and hall, id." This, I, It: >pofe, mutt have been from an apprehenfion of the plague ||. In. 1643' they en frequently to have attended "the committee,"' to get off their feffes, for the writtinge of a releafment for their lands laid out," &c. In 1646, is this arti- cle, " Spent when wee runge for ioy of the king's cominge to London, is. 11 d." In the fixteentft century are feveral entries' in a book for that purpofe of pur- gations before the prior and his afliftants, punifhments by the frocks, and expulfions for fornication and other crimes, according to the ftatutes ; but fcarce any of thefe occur fin ce. The Regifter-book of the latt century has feveral baptifms and mar- riages, as well as burials, both of the hofpital and the liberty of St. Gregory's, &c.- Among the burials is that oi : " Mr. P«.alph Groves, towne-clarke of Canterbury, Dec. 23, 1635." And June 15., 1648, is the following entry, " That fatal yeare was the bett of kings taken from off the earth, and by cruel hands fuffered mar- tirdome, being falfly accufed, declared, and judged." * Manwood, of St. Stephen's, keeper of Ford Park, &c. -j- Boys, recorder of Canterbury and founder of Jefus Hofpital. J Lovelace, of Biddenden. § Martin Fotherby, mailer of the hofpital, prebendary, 1596, hilltop of Salisbury, 161?. || " This year" (1636), fays Echard, "proved calamirous by the plague, which broke ou:. at London in the beginning of it, and reigned in fonie meafure the whole fummer and autumn." That a 9 6 A N T I C^U I T l E S I N K E N T. The following letter was from Henry Grey, fevemh Earl of Kent, who died without ilTue in 1615. To my very loving frends the Prior of the Hcfpitall of St. John's in Canterbury, and his Colleagues there. Thees. AFTER my very hearty comendacons. Whereas one John Kite*, a poor old man, who by the guytt of doctor Mathew Parker, late Archbifhop of Can- terbury, to whom he Was fervant, had graunted and confirmed unto him out of your howfe for tearme of his lyfe an annuity or penfion of foure nobles per ann. which for a long tyme has been neglected and not' received, is now dead : I have therefore thought good in his behaulf, having lyved in my fervice for more then xxx yeares pall, to certify that he dep-arted this world .the xxini th of this inftant month of September at my howfe in Beddfordfhire, to the ende that fuch order may be taken with thofe arrerages of his fayd annuity or penfion which upon ac- compt fhall appeare due, as may beft ftand with charity and good conicience, and the entent of the fayd guiver and guifte, which alfoe I could not but commend to your good and Chriftian confiderations. And foe, not doubting of that good care to be had therein which is meete in that behaulfe, I bid you hartily farewell, reft- ing your very loving frend, Wreft, 27 Sept. 1610. H. Kent. I doubt not, but in your Regyfter Booke it will appeare how long fince John Kite was admitted into that fociety, and that from the tyme of his admittance for how many yeares his penfion hath been anfwered, and to whofe hands, and thereupon what was remayninge in your cuftodye as due unto him unto the tyme of his deathe, which ys to be latysfyed accordingly. * It appears by the appointment of his fucceffor that this John Kyte was an out-brother. In the prior's account-book is the following entry, made probably as foon as Kite's death was known* " 1610. Delyvered unto the brotheres and fifteres the xm daye of Defember of John Kytte's monv the fom of xin 1. xti s." which to 34 perfons, whofe names ale added, was 8 s. each. *' Remaynvng to the Reperatyon the fom of vi 1. xli s. vid." But annexed is the follo.ving order of the then mafter : " Whereas there hath been taken out of the coffer 13 1. 12 s. and divided amongfr the bro- thers and lifters above named, being part of the wages of one John Kyte, which had bene referved in the coffer untill it arofe unto the fumme of twenty fower pounds : forafmuch as the brothers aforefayd had noe right unto the fayd mony ; therefore it is by meordered, Auguft 25, 161 2, that fo many of the brothers and lifters as be yet living fhall pay back their eight (hillings a piece which they had received, by two fhillinges a quarter. And that the reft of the mony (which they have ;aken out upon pretence of reparations and jorneys to London) fhall be made up, untill it come to twenty fower pounds, out of the yerelv rent of a howfe in Ruttenton lane, now in the occupa- tion of William Baker, renting yerely 3 1. 6 s 8 d. And that this mony fhall be putt into a box with three locks, wherof one key fhall remaine with myfelfe, and a note truly kept what mony is quarterly putt into the box, untill the whole fumme be againe fupplyed. Martin Fotherby." This probably might be owing to the powerful interference abovementioned. At 1 1. 4 s. per ann. the arrears muft have been accruing twenty years, viz. from 1590. Archbifhop Parker died in j.-rr. And Kyte had beeu in Lord Kent's fervice from 1580, EAST- I Mi ^ 111 [ 297 3 The Ancient and Modern State of the Hospital of E A S T B R I D G E, in the City of Canterbury. Collected chiefly from the Records and other Writings now- remaining in the Cheft of the faid Hofpital, Sec, By NICHOLAS BATTELY ', M. A. The design of these Collections, IN the hofpital of Eaftbridge, there was a leiger-book, con- taining an account of the whole ftate of the faid hofpital, in which were written at length all the feveral grants, donations of lands and benefactions, anciently given to the faid hofpital, Sec. This book Mr. Somner ufed, and frequently mentions it, in his Treatife of the Antiquities of Canterbury, by the name of Liber Ho/pit. de Eaftbridge. But this book is now loft, and thereby many things belonging to the faid hofpital may be alfo loft. 1 Vicar of Beakfbourn, 1685, editor of Somner's Antiquities of Canterbury, 4m, 1703, and brother to die Rev. John Battely, D. D. Matter of this Hofpital, arch- deacon and prebendary of Canterbury, and author of Ant i quit at a Rutupina. Mr. Battely died in 1704. S s The 2 9 8 ANTIQUITIES IN KEN T. The lofs of this book makes me fufpecl, that feveral records and other writings belonging to the hofpital may be alio want- ing, efpecially becaufe the matters of the hofpital have from time to time taken the liberty to keep in their private libraries fuch writings concerning the hofpital, as they chofe; and it is a queftion whether their executors have been as careful to reftore all thofe writings to the fucceeding matter, as they were to pre- ferve and keep them fafe : Alfo fuch writings as the feveral mailers did not care to preferve in their own cuftody, are kept in a publick cheft belonging to the hofpital, and ftanding in the chapel there. The key of this chett hath been ufually kept by the reader or fchool- matter ; and of his care or faithfulnefs there was not fuch fecurity as there ought to have been. By this means it is more than probable, that feveral records and writings are at this day miffing : for I cannot now find fome- leafes, which I faw in the cheft within lefs than fix years laft paft. Hereupon I was firft inclined to make thefe solle&ions, to preferve fuch writings as are ftill extant from being loft forever.. The situation, name, and foundation, of the Hospital. THE river Stour runs through the city of Canterbury in two branches ' ; the leffer of thefe branches runs juft by Weftgate, and the bridge over it is called Weftgate-bridge. The larger branch runs eaftward of the former, and more in the middle of the city, and the bridge over it is called Eaft-bridge ( ; upon which bridge, and on each fide of it % is fituated the ancient hofpital, commonly called 'The Hofpital of Eaf bridge ; which was the firft name by. which this hofpital was called : for fo I find it named, in fome of the moft ancient writings, Hofpitale de ponte de Eafibridge, before ever, it was honoured with Jhe ad- dition of St. Thomas the Martyr. ' Somner's Antiquities of Canterbury, p. 37, 38. ' Rather rnrr.i! ccurii il of Lateral, .it which he piefi.icd, 1 2 15, and dieu at Persia in f 216. lie wrote leveial wo'L-, enumerated by Moreri and ot'.ier-. * A city in the' Campagna of Rome, of which this pope was a native, formerly the capital of :'. • Hemic), whofe countrj wa^ very fruitful; whence diwi Ancignia, Virg. JEiu VII, q 4.. T t After- 3 c6 ANTI C^U ITtES IN KENT. Afterwards William Cokyn, by his charter (wherein he men- tions the union of thefe hofpitals) entitles the faid hofpitals to all his lands, poffeffions, and chattels, and makes them his heirs. The words of the faid charter are thefe : " Univerus Chrifli fidelibus, ad quos prefens fcriptum pervenerit : "WiHielmus Cokin, civis Cantuarienfis, falutem in Domino. Noverit univeffitas veftra me pro i'alute animae mere, et pro anvmab' parentum meorum et benefactorum et omnium fidelium, Dominum noftrum Jefum Chriftum et membra ejus, videlicet, pauperes et infirmos fratres hofpitalium San partem redditus de ^acris et dimid. terrae priusdedua; hofpitali. Sexto kal' Maii. Amifius Capellanus fiiius Roberti de Malaffe, intuitu Dei et beats Maria; ec glorioli martyris Thomas, dedit 2s. et 6d. lib. reddibus, quos rector et fratres hol- pitalis folvere iolebant, et quos accepit jure hereditario de Roberto filio Hamjnis de Cockering, in puram et perpetuam elemofinam, &c. A. D. 1268. Matildis filia Walteri remifit u-num denarium de forilgabulo pro parte unius acrse terra; in Cockering, &c. Anno r. 11. H. filii Joannis 52. A. D. 1270. Walterus de Kenefrilde warraniizat 13 acras terrae apud Cock- ering, &c. A. D. 1272. Edmundus fiiius Roberti de Cambio Cant' confirmavit hofpitali 3 acras et dimidiam ternr in Kokering, pro qurbus didus Edmundus recepit 4 acras terrae in parochia SandVi Martini, &c. Aftum erat hoc exchambium anno r. R. H. JiJii regis Joannis 56, menfe Julii. Of the endowments in Blean, belonging to the hospital. STEPHEN LANGTON, the next archbifhop after Hubert, by his and his convent's charter, confirms to the hofpital the gift of Blean church or paribnage, made to it by the patron Hamon Crevequer ', after the refignation of it by the till then 1 Properly Crevecceur. incumbent EASTBRIDGE HOSPITAL. 309 incumbent and parfon, William Crevequer: whereupon the Mailer or Keeper of the hofpital became afterwards parfon there ' ; and continues to this day patron of the vicarage. By another deed, the faid Hamon Crevequer grants the par- fonage-houfe to the mailer and brothers of the hofpital, in thefe words : " Totum meiTuagium cum pertinentijs, quod fuit Lefwini facerdotis perfonse ejufdem eccte, et quod poftea fuit archidiaconi de Pctters perfonas ejufdena eccte, et quod poftea fuit Willielmi de Crevequer perfonas ejufdem ecciae.* Hamon Crevequer, in his charters, is commonly called " Hamo de Blen; films Etardide Crevequer;" and on his leal, which is a man in armour on horfeback, engraved in plate VI. fig. 5, is this infeription, " Hamo de Crevequer." He lived in arch- bilhop Langton's time ; for to one of his charters, Henricus de Sandford, ardbtidiaconus Cant', and Willielmus Curteys, are wir- nefies. This Henry Sandford was confecrated bifhopof Rochefter, A. D. 1227 ; and William Curteys, called " Decanus Cantuari- " enfis," was official of Canterbury at the time of the death of Langton, which happened A. D. 1228 ; for,'* vacante fe<]e per " rnoitim predict! archiepifcopi 2 capitulum Cantuarienfe omni- " modam jurifdictionem exercebat per Willielm'iiiii Curteys ofH- " cilem fuum 3 ." Another of his charters runs in thefe words : " Sciant prefentes et futuri, quod ego Hamo de Blen, filius Etardi de Crevequer, dedi et conceffi, et hac prelenti mea charta confirmavi, Waltero* Priori ecdae Chrifti Cant' et magirtro Henrico de Sandford, archidiaconi Cant' executonbus teftamsnei cfnas Agnetis de Clifford," &c. ' A. D. 1206. Somner, p. 113. * So Siephai.i Langtoni. 3 Anglia Sacra, voi. I. p. 150. * This Walter, the prior, contemporary with Hen. Sandford, h not mentioned by Mr. Somner among the priors. See his Antiquities of Canterbury, p. 282. where he makes Rogerus tie la Lee imu tdiately fjeceed John Sittingboin : and when he fpeaks ot archdeacon Sandford fibid. p. 309), he lays, that •* he was co-executor with the prior of Chrift Church, of the lady Agnes Clifford's will." And in the margin, he quotes, for his authority, the leiger book, of the hofpital of Eaftbridge. It is llrange that he fhould not take notice of the prior's name, which is written at large, " Waltero Priori." Thit Walter, the third of that name, was made prioi A, D, 1217, and died 1222. See Anglia Sacra, vol. I. p. 140. 7 The ■ o ANTIQUITIES IN KENT. The moil noted witneiTes to the charters and deeds of Hamon Crevequer, be fides thofe already named, were, " Willielmus de Clufe, Lambinus de Blen, Simon de Blen, Robertus Lupus, Henricus Jay, Radulphus de Porta, John Crevequer, Thomas Speciarius, Eulta- chius de Natindune, Salomona de Fraxino." Robertus, filius Hamonis de Blen, had thefe witneiTes to a deed : " Willielmus de Clufe, Robertus I.upus, Rad' de Porta (ut fupra), Robertus de Wrotham, Hamo et Bartholomceus filii Simonis de Blen/' I take notice of thefe witnefles, becaufe they were witneiTes to divers charters and deeds which are not dated, as well as to fome that are dated ; as the firft ' charter of Hamo de Crevequer was A. D. 1225 ; and about that time divers gifts and charters were bellowed upon the hofpital. Mr. Somner, in his Antiquities of Canterbury, p. 309, fays of Henry Sand ford, that, " being archdeacon, he took a refig- nation of Blean Church, by the title of vices gerens Domini Stephani Cantuarienjis, meaning archbifhop Langton :" and for this he quotes the Leiger-book of the hofpital. There are feveral other charters or grants of lands or rents given to the hofpital, lying in Blean : as, Robertus Lupus, A. D. 1245. Robertus lilius Richardi de Wrotham, anno 3410 Henrici filii regis Joannis ; i. e. A. D. 125c. Willielmus filius Stephani de Hoth, 1268, &c. Avicia filia Radulphi de Baldwerd dedit 3 acras, et quartam partem acras, terra:, iq ca .ipo de Reyfeild' Rad' dittos hofpital' witnefs. The faid Avicia, and Reginald her hufband, confirmed the fame grant. " Witnefs, Mag' Rad' cuftos hofpital'.'' Cicilia filia Radulphi de Balverd dedit unam acram et tres partes unius acra de nemore in campo de Rejfeild. The faid Cicily and Bartholomew de Hiweeham confirmed the iame grant, as is fet down among Canterbury endowments. Ralph, mailer of the hofpital, was witnefs to ail thefe grants. Viz. The firft which was entered in the old book of the hofpital. Fcugerius EASTBRIDGE HOSPITAL. 3'* Feugerius filius Simonis de Hockc dedit tres acras, et quart3m partem acra?, terrae, de nemore, fcc. Hamo de Crevequer dedit 14 acras, et qua.' tarn partem acta, terra?, et 4 acras de bofco. Idem dedit totum campum de Willelmefmed in Blen. Idem dedit tenementum, &c. et 14 gailinas, &c. Idem dedit terram, &c. intra Nigreth et Middleditch, et claufturam prions et conventus Chrilti Cant'tt aquam qiue currit ad Fifhmanfbregge et Prertekote, 8cc. Idem dedit diver fos redditus et gailinas, &c. Mod of thefe donations were made before the hofpital of Saint Nicholas and Saint Katherine was united to Eaithridee hofpital. Item dedir 6 acras de bofco, quo? voc3tur Nigreth. Wlwardus, filius Walteri Huppehoth, dedit quandam terram, Sec Agnes filia Ar.lerii dedit 2 acras et 3 virgatas terras, Sec. Simcn et Petrus filii Eftermanni dederunt boicum et fundum qui jacent ad caput campi quod vocatur Weterled, &c. Richard de Bromfeild Senefcallus Curia? Chrifti Cant* dedit 6d. redditus, A. D. 1242. 1243. Willieimus de Suthtolk dedit de terra, quae vocatur Slippesfeld, i2d. et de terra quas vocatur Linhere 5d. ob. &c. Dat' anno r. R. Hen' nT Joann' 27 hits tellibus Martino tunc vicario de Blen, &c. 1208. Willieimus filius Stephani de Hoth dedit terram illam in villa de Blen, quas vocatur Slippesfeld. Anno r. R. Hen' fil' Joann' regis 52. Joannes de Fraxino, parochianus Storum Cofmi et Damiani de Blen, dedit $d. redditus de terra quas vocatur Godlendlend. A. D. 1272.- Willielmus, filius Hammonis de Lekel de Blen, dedit 8 acras terra;, fc. 4 acras nemoris, et 4 acras terras arabilis, in Blen. Dat' anno r. R. Hen fil' regis Joanr:s 56 ; id eft, A. D. 1272. A. D. 1280. Abreda, filia Roberti de la Hoth, dedit 2 acras et unam virgatam terras in Blen, &c. anno r. R. Edw' filii regis Henrici 8°. A. D. 1289. Robertus Scot' dedit 3 acras et dimid' terra; in Blen. Dat' die Martis in vigilia Sti Laurentii martyris, anno reg. R. Ed. I. 17 . A. D. 1299. Marabilia filia Joannis Ater Hearth remifit duas perticas terra? in Blean, unam lc. in campo qui vocatur Merchotefeld, alteram in campo qui vo- catur Orfeld. Dat' anno r. R. Edw' filii Henrici 2 _ mo. Prior et conventus ecclefias Chrifti Cant' habent bofcum unam de venditione magri et frat' hofpitaJis de Eftbiig, A. D. 1278. Regiftrum ecclefie Chrifti Cant~ (A) fob 217. A WIND' 3 n A N T r QJJ I T I E S IN KENT. A Wind-mill in Little Foxmold. T H E priorefs and nuns of the church of St. Sepulchre made an agreement with the mafter and brothers of the hofpital of Eaftbridge ', thereby granting them Qwartam partem unius acne terra: fuse in Parva Foxmold in parte occidentali, ad conftruend' molendinum fuum ad ventum : Mr. Somner adds, in hundrcdo de Ridingate ; which he took out of the Leiger-book of the hofpital : but thofe words are not in the charter or original agreement. The conditions of the agreement were thefe: " That the faid mafter and his brethren of the hofpital fhould hold the faid land jure hereditaria in perpetuum. " That they lhould pay to the faid prioicfTe and her nuns every year fix-pence on Mid lent Sunday. " That the faid prioreffe and her nuns fhould bear a fourth part of the charge of building, repairing, and maintaining the faid mill, and lhould receive the fourth part of the profits thereof, and have their own corn ground there vvher.foever they pleafe." And, " That the mafter and brethren of the hofpital fhould find a way a magno cbe~ viiuio per terram Juam ufque ad pre fat um moLndinum" &c. It is not u a cheminio magno regali" as Mr. Somner hath it. About the fame time Richard de Bramford, (reward of Chrift- Church, pafled over all his right in a mill in Foxmold to the hofpital * ; the words of his charter are thefe : " Sciant prefentes et iuturi, quod egoRichardus dc- Bramford, fenefcallus ecclefire Chrifti Cant', dedi tt conecfii,et hac prelenti mca chana confirmavi, magiflro ft tra- tribus hofpitalis Sandti Thomas Cant' quicquid habui in rnolendino ad ventum apud Foxmolde in liberam et perpetunm elemofinam, ad faciendum anniverlarium meutn et uxoris rheae et omnium anteciilorum tt fiiccefiorum noftrorum in predi^ta don o in ptrpetu'.m. Et ut ha^c dorado tt ccnctffio tt ccnfirrratio n.ea robui obtineat, p.refentem chartam fig:lli mei munimine roboravi. I -tiis telHiuis, magiflro Wiliidmo paenitentiaiio, Hamone faccrdote, Willielmo Crevcquer, Clmundo Po lire 3 ," &c. * About the year i 200. * Ibid. 3 Oiumm; I'ollrc Itveo 1.238, io the houfe next but one to the hofpital. St e p. 306, Some EASTBRIDGE HOSPITAL; 315 Some of thefe were witneffes alfo to the agreement between the nunnery and the hofpital. Not long after, Lambin the Fleming ', the Ton of Adam de Berghes, gave to the brethren of the hofpital of Eaftbridge unam Jumrnam [one feam] frumenti, from his mill called Medmilne % on St. John BaptiiVs day, and 1 4 perticatas terre, que jacet Bin- newytt, (which is the ifland With in Canterbury) et /res denarios de redditu de Jkvardetune, 8cc. This benefaction being afterwards withheld from the hof- pital, the matter and brethren fued for it in the fpiritual court, and obtained this decree againit Thomas, the fon of Lambin the Fleming : " Thac whereas Lambin, the father of Thomas, had given (as above) unamfummam frumenti to the hofpital in pur am et pcrpetuam eleemofynam, he fhould pay the lame accordingly every year •, and that he fhould deliver to them about Eafter tres fummas frumenti, in fatisfasftion of arrears due to them, fib fend excom>nu}iicatio?iis." This decree was made die Lune pqft fejlum Sancli Falentini, A. D. 1253, in ecclejid Chri/ii, Cant. Grant above-mentioned, p. 312. the matter and brothers of the hofpital of St. Thomas of Eft- brigge, dated Anno r. R. Hen flit Joannis regis, 53 , £cc. (See the charter at large among the writings of the hofpital). For this they were to provide him a chamber in the laid hofpital, with meat, drink, cloaths, and fhoes, fo long as he fhould live. Guildhall land in Romney, given to the Hospital. " Omnibus hoc fcriptum vifuris, vel audituris, barones portus de Romeny falutem. Novericis quod nos, communi afienlu noilro, pro Salute animarum noflrarum et ante- 1 This Pope reigned from julv 17, 1216, to March 18, 1227. Confequeiuly this Bull imift have been dated in 13 16, or tzi 7. " On all occ«fions," fays Moreri, " he gave pruofs of a zeal really afting " for the good of the Chinch, ar.d the advantage of the Faithful," ceflbrum EASTBRIDGE HOSPITAL. irk a cefibrum ct fuccefTorum noftrorum, fc. ut fpccialiter participes fimus omnium bene- facforum que in holpitali beati Thome martyris de Eafl bridge in Cantuarifi in per- petuum fient, conceffimus et quiete clamavimus Deo, et beate Marie, et dicto hol- pitali, et fratribus ibidem Deo fervientibus, totum jus et clamium noftrum quod ha- buimus in terra que vocatur Gildehalle land in villa de Romeney, in liberam, puram, ct perpetuam eleemofinam, ita quod predufti fratres terram prcdittam abfque ca- lumpnia vel impedimento nolt.ro, vel hercdum noftrorum, in perpetuum libere ct quiete teneant et poflkicant : ut autcm hec conceffio et quieta clamatio flabilis et inconcufia in perpetuum permaneat, lcripto prefenti commune figillum umverfitatis noftre appofuimus. Hiis teitibus, Domino Heremanno, cspellano, Richardo, ca- pellano," &c. Afterwards, the re&or and brethren of the hofpital, with the confent of Edmund ' lord archbilhop of Canterbury, pafled over by indenture to " Thomas, the fon of Humphrey, all that land inRomney, upon which Guildhall flood, which lyes over-againft the church of St. Laurence *, towards the north-eaft : upon condition, that he payes yearly to the hofpital of Eaftbridge, in Canterbury, the fumme of two markes, that is to fay, one mark at the fealt of the Nativity of Chrift, or within twelve days after, and one mark at the feaft of the Nativity of St. John the Baptift : And in cafe he or his heirs do make default in payment of the laid money at the appointed times, that then he fhall pay double fo much as he hath not paid according to the appointed times : And if he failes to make pay ment for one whole rear, then the mafter and brothers of the hofpital fhall enter and feize upon the laid land, and take full pofieffion of it, without any further confederation. And for this grant the laid Thom;s gave to the laid mafter and brethren 40 1. fterling in gerfumam, by way of fine," &c. See the leafe at large among the writings of the hofpital, In Canterbury. A.D. 1257. CHRISTIANA, the daughter of William Silveftre, the relid of William Samuel, gave to the mafter and brethren of the holpital, and their lucceiibrs for ever, the fum of three fhillings and lix-per.ce a year, free rent, which the hens of Kerloms Le Mercer ufed to pay her, at two times in the year, viz. at Midlent one- and-twenty pence, and at the Feaft: of St. Michael one-and-twenty pence, cut of a certain fhop in the Mercery 3 before the gate of the church of the Holy Trinity 4 , 1. e. between the tenement of Thomas the fon of Lambin Fleming ; , auu .he tenement of the heirs of Richard Bigges, and the highway leading to the church of the lloiy • Archbiihop Edmund was coni'ecrated, A. D. 1234. 1 St. Laurence's church was in New Romne-y. 3 Now Mercery -lauc. 4 Now Chrift Church, 5 bee above, p. 31 j. U u 2 Trinity 316 A N T I Q^U I T I E S IN KENT. Trinity on the one parr, and the tenement of Henry Le Furmprer on the other par?. This rent to be held inliberani, puram, et perpetuo.m eteemojynbdm. &c. Dated snno regni regis Henrici, Sin regis Joannis, 41 . Hiis tefUbus, Gregorio Talmigero, ec liobcrto Burre, tunc Ballivis Cant', Willielmo Cokin, Joanne Digges," &c. This rent is paid at this day out of the houfe where Mr. Kingsford the milliner now lives, viz. A. D. 1690 '. Mi us Le IFaydw, civls Canf, was bound to maintain a waterfpout which went from his houfe to the river, and was joined to the roof of the kitchen belonging to the holpital ; and that he and his heirs, and whoever mould own his houfe, mould be bound to pay to the holpital the fum of xii pence yearly, at the feaft of St. Michael \ " Hiis teftibus, Willielmo Samuel, HubertoMercerio, tunc prepofitis, Henrico Jay, Ofmundo Poke '," &c. This is the houfe of Mr. Lefroy, the dyer, now joining tt> the holpital on the Eaft fide of it 4 ; of the fame houfe Mr. Somner writes, p. 1 20, that, " one Creffy, a Jew, built the forepart of it again It the head of the chapel belonging to the hofpital :" And that " when the Jews were expelled Canterbury, this houfe, with others, were given by the king to Chrift-Church." This Creffy was forced to agree with the hofpital, that his houfe might be fufFered to Hand, and had a charter in writing for it, which bears date 1236. It is in a leiger book belonging to the Church, called Cbarta Remijfiorils, made by Peter the then rector, and the brethren of the hofpital of Saint Thomas of Eaftbridge, to Creffy the Jew, " De omnibus querelis occafione domus, vel fundament!, vel muri, quam in parte orientali in capite capelle noftre edificavit, ut nunquam queftio movebitur in curia Chriflianitatis vel feculari," &c. * Now, 1784, occupied by Mr. Ridia'd EHvyn, cutler. * This was foon alter A. D. 1200, in the time of Archbifhop Hubert. 3 " Or Poller, as we now write it," fays Somner. He lived in the houfe next to thl3. See above, P- 3 12 ' 4 Now, 1781, in the occupation of James Ronolds,- gun-maker. In EA5TBRIDGE HOSPITAL. 317 In and about Canterbury. Ivo « films A tie, textoris, de Holeftreet, dcdit ties denarios redditus fratribus et fororibus hofpit' beati Thome Marty ris de Eaftbregge in Cant' ex meiluagio in paro- chia Sanfti Dunftani, &c. Among other witnefTes is Magifier Radu/pbus, tunc cujlos jam dlBi bo/pitalts, Sic. This was about the time of ardhbifhop Hubert; the writing Chews' it to be old. Mattheus, filius Thome, filii Suncwinni, extra Weil gate, dedir hofpitali Sancti Thome Martyris de Eallbrigge in civitate Cant' 26 denarios, viz. 12 denar' ex mefiu agio extra Weftgate in parochia Sancti Dunftani, et i4d. de mefiliagio illo extra Weftgate,, quod jace.t in venella que vocatur Northlane. This ieems to be about A. D. 1230. Elamo de Lutterwood dedit duos denarios de redditu, et ome jus in mefiliagio in parochia de Xorthgate, &c. About 12 20. Alicia, filia Hammonis, filii Arnoldi, Tinclori?, de Eatlbrigge, dedit rectori et fra- tribus hofpit' St' Tho' Cant' tres denarios de redditibus que iolebant folvere, &c. Afcelina, filia Rad' filii Arnoldi, de~pohte Eailbrig, dedit retftori et fratribus hofpit' San;ti Tho' Mart' ces terras i'.las, cum. pertinentiis fuis, que jacent in:er pontem de Eaftbrigge et meiTuagium Gawen Tinctuarii, datum anno mccxxxix, fecundo quo Jominus rex Henricus, filius regis Joanni*, &eip8nfaVit reginam filiam Comitis Provincise. Ricardus, fiiius Radulphi, filii Arnoldi, Tinftoris, dcdit domui hofpitali Sancli Tho* Martyr' et ejufd' dbrmis fratribus fuccefforib', i Marti terram in parochia Omnium Sanctorum, que jacet juxta Sturey, et habet in latitudine fua. fuper chemininm domini regis 42 pedes, et in longitudine fua 77. Richard Calvil dedit fratribus et fororibus hofp' Sanfti Tho' Martyr', et fuccef- forihus eorum, in perpetuum, illam terrain, cum domib' et pertinentiis fuis, que habent in latitudine iua verfus Suth 29 pedes, in latitudine fua 32 pedes, et in longitudine fua de cheminio regis verfus North 200 pedes. Gode, filia Wiberti, Carnificis, extra Weftgue, dedit hofpit' Sanfti Thome Mar- tyris, et fratribus et fororibus ejufdem loci, duodecem denarios redditus de meiluagio extra Weftgate, quod adjacet proximo Sture. Robertas Pyn, et Beatricia uxor, dederunt duos folidos de redditu ex mefiuagio in parochia Sancti Petri, Fee. Among the witnefTes is Magifter Radu/pbus, tunc cujlos jam dicli bofpitalis. Joannes Chopelefe, extra Weftgate, filius Admeri Clerici, dedit fratribus et fo- roribus hofp' beati Tho' Mart' tres folidos de redditu extra Weftgate, &c. 1 This Ivo, and his father Adam, the dyer, are afterwards laid to have given a penfion of gd. a year to the hofpital in 1200. Seep. 3*0. To 3 i* ANTICLUniES IN KENT.. To this one of the witnefles is Magijler Radulpbus, tunc cujlo* dicli bofpitalis. 1 200. Avicia, relifta Lamberti Weyderi, dedit hofp' bead Tho' Martyr', et fratribus et fororibus ejufdem, totum illud mciruagium, cuin omnibus pertinentiis fuis, quod adjacet proxime meffuagio lapideo predict' hoipiral' et meffuagio quod fuic Aluredi, mercatoris, et venella que vocatur Vcnella Judeorum, in parochia ecclefic Omnium Sanctorum '. One of the witnefles is Mag Radulpbus, cuflos dicli bof/v'taP. 1200. Bruningus, Molendinator,extraWeftgate, dent fratribus et fororibus bofpi- talis beati Thome Martyris i6d. redditus de meffuagio extra Weftgate, in parcclii ecclefie de Weftgate. VVitnefs, Magifler Radulpbus, dicli bofpitalis tunc cuflos. T200. Bartholomseus de Hiwecham, et Ciciiia uxor, dedit unam acram et tres partes unius acre nemoiis in campo de Reifeld.j I fuppofe this is in Blene. Witnefs, Radulplf cujlos bofpitalis dicli. . 1200. Rogerus Vachier, et uxor ejus, dederunt 6 denarios de redditu, extra Weftgate, de meffuagio in capite venellai quaj vocatur Crokere-lane, Tefte M'ro Rad. Hugo Godefhalt dedit Deo et fratribus hofpit' San&i Tho' Mart'' totam iliam terrain, cum pertinentiis fuis, que jacet inter terram Radulph' filii Wylie.krii verius Weft, et regiam ftratam verfus Eaft, &c. A. D. 1269. Arnoldus Bedellus, de Weftgate, in Cant', dedic rectori et fratribus hofp' duos denarios, et tres quadrantes, redditus de tenementis lapideis que iitu funt inter ecclefiam SancVj Petri in Cant' et domum Joannis filii Roberti. Petrus, rilius Stephani de Dene, dedit meffuagium illud, cum pertinentiis fuis, quod eft fuper Sturam, et duo meffuagia ilia verfus Weft proxime il!i adjacentia. Wlfredus, films Eftrilde de Herebaldune, dedit Deo et fratribus et fororibus hofp' Sancli Tho' Martyr, 2s. redditus ^venientes de 6 acris terre fug Derindtle, &c. Salomon de Tuniford dedit 6 denarios liberi redditus magiltro procuraton dicti hofpitalis, &c. Ante 1 241. Thomas Aurifaber, nlius Gervafii de Witherinbroob, dedit totam illair; terram que fuit Willielmi filii Hamonis fratris uxoris Alicie, que jacent inter Sturam et terram heredum Garv/i, Tincloris, in civitat' Cant'. The fame was before given by Afcelina, filia Radulphi filii Arnoldi, as above, p. 317. Petrus de Burleg dedit 6 iolidatas et 2 denariatas redditus Mro' et fratribus bofpit' quas predict i Mag' et fratres reddere folubap.t annuatim de tribus mef- iuagiis que jacent in civitatc Cant' juxta pontem de Laftbridge, verius Weft, &c. Act' anno Domini 1241, &c. 1 The honfe " adjoining to Jewry-lane/^ no part of which is in the pruiih of Ail Saints, is that wLich is no.v, 1 7S4, the coffee-lioufe. D. 7 Hence EASTBRIDGE HOSPITAL. 3 , 9 Hence the donations and confirmation of Thomas Aurifaber, p. 318. and Afcelina, Alia Radulphi, p. 317. were before that date. Ante 1241. Louovicus, filius Willielmi de Machelii, dedit 6 denarios redditus quos emit a Robert Vach et uxore ejus, de mefluagio extra Weftgate, in capite ve- nelle que vocatur Croker-lane, &c. This is the fame that Roger Vach gave before; as above- mentioned, ]). 318. Adam, filius Wlfredi, dedit 37 denarios redditus de domo lapidtu extra Weft- gate '. Joannes, filius Viviani, dedit quandam terram in Cant' &c. in parochia Omnium Sancarorum, &c. . A'-'hi-nn -, filia Thome, dedit 2od. redditus de terra extra Weft gate in parochia Sa ti Dunllani, 8?c. Hugo de Redegate dedit rrelingium quoddam extra portam de Radegate. Margareta, filia Randulfi de Geddings, dedit izd. redditus, quos Godetredus dedit recipic.dos in didto hofpita'.i, &cc. A. D. 1254. Henricus, filius Nicolai, filii Baldwini, dedit ccto et decern denarios redditus /pvenientes de quodam mefluagio, cum fuis ptrtinentiis, in parochia Sancle Marie de Northgate, quod fuit Radulfi Be Littleburn, quod fuit juxti- terram monachorum Sancle Trinitaris Cant' v'effas we^, et regiam ftratam verfus Eaft, ad duos terminos anni, fc. 9d. ad feftum Sancli Michael', et 9d. ad mediam quadra- geffimam. Aclum anno regis Henrici, filii Joannis, 38. A. D. iz,[6. Thomas Lock, filius Ad.e Cementarii, dedit quandam terram in parochia Sancli Petri, &C. anno r. R. Henrici, filii domini Joans. is regis Anglie, ;omo. Guido et Joannes, filii Suianne, filie Roberu dts Ewer, dedit terram in Bram- dune, &c. Simon, filius Willielmi, ldcderunt feptem acras terre in Bromedur.e in tenemento Ad3m de Saxinghcrth, jde Weftgate, &c. Gunnora, fiiia Evrftarbii de Merewith, dedit tres folidatas liberi redditus ex mefTua- giis tjribus juxta pontem de Eaftbridge. There are feveral other charters to confirm the donations of the laid meffuagesi 1200. W: It rus de Sa.Tord capellanus dedit decern denarios liberi redditus ex mefiuagio quod jacet in parochia Sancte Margarcte in Cant' 2 . This was about archbifhop Hubert's time, or foon after. Arnoldus Aurifaber refign.wit, et in perpetuum quietum ciamavit, Mag$ro et fratribus hofpit' Sancli Thome Martyris, totum jus et clamium in toto illo mefiua- gio, cum pertinenciis fuis, quod de lis tet.uic in parochia Omnium Sanctorum Cant'. Quod quidein mtfiuagium jacet inter mefluagium quod fuit Joannis de Adifham, 1 This hcufe belonged to Mr. Thomas Walker in 1740. Now occrpied, 1784-, by Mr. Thomas Delafoux, jun. f;!k mercer. * Mr. Thomas Hollingbery, 1740. qucd 3*o A N T I QJJ ITIES IN KENT. quod elt verfus North, et viam que duck ad mokndinum regium verfus Suth, tec. Par. A. D. 1256. This menuage is alienated at this day. 1245. Kogerus Aldennannus, filius Joannis, Aldermanni de Readingate ', dedit duos folidos redditus de 4tuor acris terre in Foxmold, &c. Rogerus Alder mam us, filius Joannis, &c. dedit 7 acras terre, viz. v acras in Foxmold, et duas acras juxta vi'arn ex altera parte, kc. Willielmus de Readingate, filius Joannis Aldermanni, dedit 3s. redditus, viz. is. quern fratres hofpit' folvere iblebant de acris terre in Foxmold, Sec. 25. quos fanfte moniales San&i Sepulchri folvere folebant, &c. About the year 1 245, as may be collected from the witnefTes. Willielmus, filius Joannis, Aldermanni de Readingate, dedit 24 folidos reddims, et octo denarios et obolum annul redditus, fc. de Jofepho, textcre, js. de hcred' Roberti de Rodericume, 8d. de priore et conventu eccleiie Chrilti, Cant', 2s. 10d.de hered' Walteri Boel, 23 d. de Warino de Burgate, 6d. de hered'. Terrici Aurifabr', 2s. 4d. de meffuagio Siwardl, pifturis, 4s. de Warino de Niole, 23d. de monial' ec- clefi- ditus, &c. anno Domini 1240." The charter of this was entered fol. 38. of the book be- longing to the hofpital. In the fame book was another charter of the fame William de Sindto Edmundo : Domui bofpitali San&i Thome Martyr is de Eaflbreg, et pauper's bus et infirmis- illuc con- fiuentibiiS) et tnagijlro et fratribus ibidem Deo fervientibuSj &c.. But thefe and the book are now all loft. Page 43 and 44 of this book, king Edward, confirms by his. letters patent the 26 acres of lands which William de Burnes gave to tie hofpital, and the 10 acres of land that Richard de. Bee 1 gave, which lie in Wopping field. In E A S T B R I D G E HOSPITAL. 325 In Birchington, in the Isle of Thanet. " W ALTERUS films Eilmeri, filius Aldrthe, dedit fratribus domus hofpitalls SancYi Thome de Eaftbrcg in Cant, et corum fratrutn fucceilbribus, in perpetuum, vinam acram terras in Huppedune, ike— in Burchetune." The manor of Monkton. " By a rental made for the laid manner the 2id of June, 154.5, Mr. Henry Crifpe has to ferme certain lands called Eaitbridge Lands, and this land pertains to Eaftbridge Spittle, in Canterbury, that is, the Spittle that is on Kin^fbridge, be- fides AlJhallon Church. Theie lands hcund to the lands of Mi. Henry Crifpe-, befides Quekis, Eaft, South, and Well, and contein three acres 01 rowde xii perches. And another peice lying to the land of Mr. Crifpe South and Weft, to the king's highway North, and to Mr. Dingle Eaft, and ic contains one acre three perches: and another peece lyinge by Adrian's Croft to the lands of Mr. Crilpc North and Weft, and to Mr. Crifpe, late Boucher's, and to the lands of Mr. Dingle South, and contains one acre and 5 perches. Another peece lying at Farthinge, downe to the lands of Mr. Crifpe, Weft, Eaft, and North, and to the highway South, and containes one acre tii and 5 perches- '* And another peece lyes in the lands of Mr. Petit, called Highhams, befides Blithes CrofTe, and this peice is dowled out with 4 dowells, and lyes on the north fide of the way leading from Quekes to Blight's CrofTe, a little belide a deel or hoole, with a hawthorn growing on the bank, and bounds to Mr. Pettit Eaft, South, and North, and to Den lands Weft, conteins by eftimation 5 acres and a halfe relief, and lb contains in two 1. of E.iltb ridge land in the hands of Mr. Crifp, and at his hering out xi acres, 3 roods, v perches, 2s. the acre, xxiiis. ob." ExtracT out of the Court Rolls. Examined by John Coppin, Steward. " Seiant prefentes et futuri, quod ego Gilbertus de Clare, comes Gloceftrie et Hereford, conceiTi et cenfirmavi fratribus holp' Sancti Thome Martyns de Eft- brug in Cantuar' terram illarn que fuit Willietmi filii Roberti Edith, cum perti- nentiis, et cerram illarn cum pertinentiis que fuit Wulwardi tegulatorii, et terram rllam que vocatur Elfledeflune, et terram illarn cum pertinentiis quam tenent de Lambino, et Michaele,et Joanne, filiis Elizae de Plen, et tres folidos, et quatuor de- narios,ct tres gallinas, redditus cum pertinentiis que, tenent de Willielmo fratre Harronis de Blcn de terra que vocatur Arkrand, et 12 denarius redditus, tun. per- tinentiis, quos tenant de d do Joanne filio Ehe, tenend* et habend'lecundum r. r- mam in confirmatione Ham. nis de 1'kn contentam; falvo fervitio mihi debito. 11ns teitil us, Willielmo de H >bn g, Baldwino ae Vcr, Mich' de Folia, W'mo de Clufe." This laft witnefs lived about 1225. " Seiant prefentes et futuri, quod ego Gilbertus de Clare, comes Gloc'et Heref, Gonceffi et confirmavi fratribus holp' Sancti Tho' Martyr' de Eattbrug in Cant' ten.: p.: 326 A N T I QU I T I E S IN KENT. terram illam cum pertinentiis que vocatur Nigrethe, et terram illam que vocarur Williams Mede, ec terram illam que vocatur Benethewe, et unam ajram que jacet juxta aquam verfus North, ex oppofito de Prefticoie, et domum lilam que fuir. Willielmi et Joannis iratrum Hamonis de Blen, et 20 iolidos, et 3 denarios, et 3 quadrantes liberi redditus, et 17 gallinas, et liberum exitum et communiam. in paicuis, forinfecis, et cheminiis, et lemiftis, et aquis, ad omnia negotia fua fack nda, iecundum formam in chartis Hamonis ce Blen contentam, in pur am et perpeiuam elemofinam. Hiis teftibus, Willielmo dc Hobrug, &c.'' Theie are the confirmations of the gif:s of Hamo de Blen, by the Earl of Gloucester, capita/is domini feodi, and whofe confent was required to the alienation of them. " R. Comes Legrse *, baillivis fuis, et omnibus hominibus fuis Francis et Anglis, tarn prefentibus quam futuris, falutem. Sciatis quod ego, pro falute anime mee et Petronille comitifTe, uxoris mee, et pro animabus patrum et matrum noltrorum, et anteceflbrum et fuccefTorum noiixorum, dedi et concefii holpitali beate Thome martyris, quod fittim eft Kantuarie fuper pontem Eaflbrigie, unam marcam argenti in prefedura mea de Legra, ad fuftinendos pauperes in predicto holpitali Kantuarie. recipiend' fingulis annis ad feftum Sandti Michael'. Quare volo et precipio quod predicla dorr.us hofpitalis Kantuarie, et fratres ibidem Deo fervientes, hanc pre- diclam marcam in liberam, puram, et perpetuam,eleemo(ynam fingulis annis abfque omni impedimento ad prediftum terminum prrcipiant. Tefle Petronilla coma: Willo de Wivill, Rogero de Halmo, Willielmo Sanfon, Gileberto de Chernil, Gal- frido de Turkitt, Ra3o Mall, Roberto WiBto, capellano. King Edward I, by his letters patents under the great feal, con- firmed the hofpital revenues *. Ex ipfo originali. " Edvvardus, Dei gratia, rex Anglije, dominus Hibernise, et dux Aquitanice : Omnibus ad quod pras fences literse pervenerint falutem. Conftitutionem et affig- nationem, quas Williclmus Cokyn, quondam civis Cantuar', fecit per icriptum fuum, conftituendo et afiignando pauperes et infirmos fratres hofpitalium Sandti Nicholai, Sandtje Katerinse, et Sandti Tho' Martyris de Eaftbrigge in Cantuar' quae fimul funt unita, hseredes fuos in perpetuum omnium terrarum et poiTeffionum, et ca- tallorum ipfius Willielmi •, et donationem, conceffionem, et confirmationem, quas Hamo de Blen, filius Etardi de Creveceur, fecit per chartam luam reftori et fra- tribus przed' hofpit' Sandi Tho' Mart' Cantuar', de terra ilia qux vocatur Nigreth, cum pertinentiis, et de terra ilia quae vocatur William's Med, et de terra ilia proxima que vocatur Benetewee, et de una acra qus jacet juxta aquam verfus North ex op- pofito de Preftecote, et de domo ilia quae fuit Willielmi et Joannis fratrum predi&i 1 Robert earl of Leicefter. See Bib!. Top. Brit. N° VII. p. 9. 1 i'rinted in the Monafticon, Vol. II. 3 -h EASTBRIDGE HOSPITAL. 327 Hamoni-;, et de ;o folidis, et 3 den.iriis, et : quadrami u c liberi reditus, et de 17 gallinis, lolvendis finguhs annis prefatis reftori et f rati bus pa manu ( \ brum hcrmrnum de terris quas idem homines tenent in villa de Blcn, iicut pra?' ito ! (a n\ reddi lolebant, cum omni jure de predictis terns et predidto redditu ct preuictis al- linis, in releviis, cafibus, efcactis, in feet is curiarum et omnibus rebus ad pi a I. .turn Hamonem et ha;redes fuos omnibus modis pertinent' : Ita quod licitum foret prae-- dictis rectori et fratribus tenere curiam fuam de pradictis hominibus in villa de Blcn ubicunque vellent in tenemento fuo: Et etiam conceffioni quam predictus Hamo fecit per eandem chartam fuam eiidem rectori et fratribus de libero cxi u ct cum- munia in palcuis forenfecis et cheminiis, femitis, et aquis in villi de Ble: ad omnia negotia fua facienda : Et fimiliter donationem, conceffionem,et confirmaionem quas predictus Mamo de Blen fecit per quandam aliam chartam fuam redori et fratribus predictis de terra ilia cum omnibus pertinentiis quae jacet in tenura de Bleu inter Nigrethe et Middleditch : Et infupcr remiffionem et quietam clamantian - , quas- Ricardus de Becco, fllius Willielmi de Becco, militis, fecit per cartam fuam magiftro et fratribus hofpit' prad' de fex denar' redditus, quos eidem Ricardo de 26 acris terra; cum pertinentiis, quas habuerunt de dono Willielmi de Burnes, annuatim reddere confueverunt : Necnon donationem, et conceffioncm, quas prajd' Ri- cardus fecit eiidem fratribus per eandem cartam fuam de decern acris terrae cum pertinentiis in campo qui vocaair \\ appings, et fimiliter donationem, conceffioncm, et confirmationem, quas Radulphus filius Arnoldi tindoris fecit per cartam iuam fratribus et iororibus hofpit' praed' de terra quit tuit ipfius Radulphi in parochia Omnium Sanftorum inter terram qux fuit Hamonis tratris ipfius Radulphi ct aquam Sturye, ratas habentes et gratas cas pro nobis et heredibus noftris, quantum in nobis elf, magiftro et fratribus hofpit' praed' et eorum fuccefforibus, concedimus et con- firmamus, ficut fcriptum et came predidce rationabiliter teftantur. In cujus rti teftimonium has litteras noftras fieri fecimus patentes. Telle mcipfo, apud Cantuar', vicefimo lecundo die Februarii, anno regni nollri fcptimo '. W. Sutton." Having thus collected feveral gifts and charters given to the hofpital in the firft hundred years after its foundation by Thomas Becker, the fir it of them beginning about the year 1200; I will now proceed in the following benefactions gi en to the hof- pital from the year 1300 to about the year 1500 ; of which I find the following account. From the firft foundation till the year 1342, there appears no evidence to what intent this hofpital was erected by its firft founder ; neither can there be found any ftatutes, or rules, by • Viz. R. EoV I. A 7 , i. e. A. D. 1279. which 3 i8 ANTIQUITIES IN KF N T. which this hofpital was to be governed. To fupply this defect, John Stratford, archbifliop of Canterbury, in the year 1342, gave his charter, by which he prescribed laws and a form of government to it, whereby he reftored the foundation, and preferred it from that confufion, in which the concerns thereof were ready to be involved for want of fuch rules and laws of government. This feemed to be a concern of fo great importance, that the commiffioners upon the ftatute of 37 Henry VIII. cap. 4. afcribed the foundation of the hofpital to this archbifliop. And we may truely fay, it was built by Thomas Becket, en- dowed and augmented by archbifliops Hubert Walter and Stephen Langton, and refounded or reftored by archbifliop Stratford. I have feen two MS. copies of this ordinance of archbifliop Stratford ; one of them is in an ancient regifter belonging to Chriit-Church, Canterbury; and the other is among the writ- ings of the hofpital : but Mr. Somner having printed it at large in his Antiquities of Canterbury, hath fpared me the pains of tranferibing it, It begins, " Joannes permiffione divina Cantuar' archiepifcopus, totius Anglise primas, et apoftolicse fed i s legatus. Dilec"to in Chrifto filio domino Rogero de Rondes, prefbytero, magiftro hofpit' pauperum de EObregg in civitate Cantuar' patronatus noftri, falutem, gratiam, et benedictionem. Lt fi votivus noftri inva- lefcat affectus," &c. (See Antiquities of Canterbury, p. in. Sec.) It is dated, " in capitulo dida; noftra Cantuar' ecclelia;, xxiii* die menfis Sept. A. D. 1342, et noftrse tranflationis nono." This charter was confirmed by the prior and chapter, which, becaufe Mr. Somner hath omitted it, I have added : A. D. 1342. " Et nos frater Robertus \ permiffione divina, prior ecclefije Chrifti Cantuar' metropolic' fupradicV, et ejufdem loci capitulum, habito primitus cum venerabili patre domino nortro Joanne Dei gratia Cant' archiepifcopo antediclo folemni et diligenti, ut pramittitur, tracTatu, qui de jure exigitur in appropriatione 1 This n-.uft be Robert Hathbraml, who fucceeded Richard Oxinden in 1338, and died in 1370. See Sumner's Catalogue ot" Priors, Ant:*., of Cant. p. :9c con- E A S T B R I D G E HOS P I T A L, -2$ conccfiione, annexione, et unjione djcte paroc'ualis ecdeile beati Nicolai de Mar' OQwn'e hofpitah prediclo ac ipfius magiftro et fuccefibribus ejufdem in propiiosufus factls et caufis eorundem, concurj que' 01b' et finnu'is que hujufmodi con- ceflSonibus perpetuus et ecclefiarum aliehaciooibus req irebantur devenire qn.num in nobis eft, pro no'. is ct fuccefferibus noftris, in pcrpetuufn una cum dido p.tre noftro venerabili confentimus ; et appropriationem, conccfHonem, annexioncni, et unionem hujufmodi, et piefatas brdinatiqi>es hofpitafis predicli, approbamu-, r.' - camus, Sec. etiam confirtmmus. S et ccclefie nnftre predicts juribus-, libertatibus, dignitatibus, piivilegiis rioftris et cor. . jufcunque. In cujus rei teftimonium, figillum noftrum commune fecimus hiis apponi. Act' et dat' in caplo noftro, die et anno fupradicti Thefe ordinations continued the {landing rules for the govern- ment of the hofpital, until the time of archbimop Parker, who framed new ftatutes and ordinations ; and they contain alio a benefaction done to the hofpital by annexing the pari-h-church (or rectory) of St. Nicholas Ilarbledown to the fame. I have there- fore hereto annexed the particular parts of the faid charter or ordination ; the fum of which is comprehended under thefe heads. The ftatutes, ordinations, and charter,, which John Stratford, Archbimop of Canterbury, made, for the government of the hofpital of Eaftbridge. " 1. As his defire was to take a particular care of fuch places as are deputed and defigned for the reception and relief of poor and miferable perfons, and for the increafe of divine worlhip, efpecially fuch as were under his tuition and govern- ment; above all, his earned defire was to defend, prelervc, and afford neceiTary relief to the hofpital of Eittbridge, founded of old time, and endowed by the bleffed and glorious martyr Thomas formerly archbilhop of Canterbury, our pre- decefibr, qui fids veneraloribus cpetn pcrrigit. " 2. By the petition of Roger de Rondes, then mailer cf the faid hofpital, it did appear, that the hofpital aforefaid was built for the reception and fuftentation of poor pilgrims that fhould come to Canterbury ; and that at that time a tar yrea . number of pilgrims than formerly did refort to Canterbury, iince the glorious triumph and canonization of the laid bleded Saint, the founder thereof. " 3. By the negleft and fault of fome of the mailers of the laid hofpital, the woods belonging thereunto were alienated, or deftroyed, with all their poffefiions, goods and chattels, moveables and immoveables; that great debts were broUj he upon the faid hofpital, fuch as they were unable to difcharge-, that the edifices of Y y the ,, 3 ANTIQUITIES IN KENT. ot> the laid hofpital, which before were a fair and goodly building, were fuffered to r to ruin, and mamefiilly to decay 5 ;1I 'd that tne hofpital was by thefe means become lb poor, in luch a ruinous condition, as neither to be able to repair their ruins, nor to receive and fuftain poor pilgrims reiorting thither. And that, under the reproach of fo great poverty, no man can be found to undertake the care and. government of the lame as he ought to do. " 4. For thefe reafons, he annexed and united the parifh-church of St. Nicholas Harbledown for ever to the ufc of the matters of the laid hofpital, to be employed for the relief and fullenance of the poor pilgrims that retorted thither ; and that the ri°dit of the patronage of the' laid church of St. Nicholas, in Harbledown, fhould belong to the mailer of the laid hofpital, and to his fucceffors -for ever. " 5. He had lately vilited the hofpital, and was fuffkiently informed of the forefaid defect; and decays, both in the edifices and in celebration of divine worfhip, and in the charitable reception of poor pilgrims; all which appeared from his own view, and from the teftimonies of feveral credible perfons upon oath, who were examined according to form of law. He had alio a folemn and diligent confutation wirh his religious ions, the prior and chapter of the church of Canterbury, as is required in granting perpetual alienations of churches by law ; and with their con- fent he granted and annexed the church of St. Nicholas aforefaid. " 6. The mailer of the hofpital is appointed to allow a competent maintenance for a pried, who fhould take care of the fouls, and perform divine offices in the laid parifh church, whom alio the laid mafter might put in or turn out at pleafure ; and the faid mafter is to bear all charges and burthens belonging to the church aforefaid, out of the profits and revenues of the fame. " 7. That, for the more orderly government of the hofpital, thefe rules be ob- ferved : " 1. There /hall be one mafter, who fhall be in priefts orders, maintained and appointed by the archbifhop for the time being ; who, within a month after his admiflion, fhall take a full and perfect inventory of all the goods belonging to the hofpital, and deliver it to the prior of the church of Canterbury; and who fhall, every year between the Feafts of St. Michael and All Saints, de» liver to the prior, for the time being, a full and true account of his miniftering the goods and revenues of the hofpital. •' 2. The mafter (hall keep with him facellamim, a chaplain, in the faid hofpital, whom he may put in and remove out at pleafure ; and the mailer and chaplain fhall conftantly celebrate divine fervice, and fuch particular rnafles and offices, as the faid ordinations do at large direct and appoint. " 3. That all the profits, rents, and revenues of the faid hofpital, fhall be difpofed of by the care and appointment of the mafter. " 4. That there fhall be no ' common feal belonging to the hofpital. ' 5. That the poor fick pilgrims, which fhall happen to die in the hofpital, fhall be buried in the church-yard belonging to our church in Canterbury, in the place antiently afiigned for that purpofe ; and that poor pilgrims falling fick in their pilgrimage (if fo be they be not leprous) fhall be provided for in the hofpital. 1 Sic. v " 6. Poor EASTB11IDGE HOSPITAL. 331 u 6. Poor pilgrims in good health (hall be entertained only for one night ; and poor, fick, and well pilgrims, fhall have daily 4d. expended for their fuftenance, out of the revenues and profits of the hofpital ; greater regard fhould be had to lick than to well pilgrims. " 7. That if there be not a fufficient refort of pilgrims in any one day to require the whole 4d. for their fuftenance, that what is lb fpared in one day, (hall be laid out freely in another day when the number of pilgrims fhall be larger ; and for every day of the whole year the entire fumme of 4d. fhall be carefully and faithfully expended. 8. That there fhall be 12 beds convenient to lodge the pilgrims in the faid hofpital ; and a woman, of heneft report, aged above 40 years, who fhall take care of the beds, and provide neceffaries for the poor pilgrims ; and who fhall be maintained out of the revenues of the hofpital. *' 9. That every mailer upon his admiffion fhall, before the archbifhop, promife upon his oath, that he will oblerve thefe ordinances as far as he is able ; and that he will not alienate, or deftroy, any of the lands, pofieffions, woods, goods, or other things belonging to the hofpital. tl 10. That no admiffion of a mafter fhall be firm and valid, until he is in priefts orders, and hath taken the forefaid oath. " ir. He referved to himfelf and his fucceffors, the archbifhops of Canterbury for ever, a full power to add to, or to detract from, or to change, or to amend thefe ordinations, as they fhall from time to time fee convenient '." Lands, Sec. given in Blean. THE manor of Blean and Hoath-court, is the principal and chiefeft revenue that belongs to the hofpital. This was given 33 Edward lll.to the hofpital, by Thomas de Roos de Hamlack, probably the fame whofe death Walfmgham thus mentions in the year 1399 : " Eodem anno dominus Thomas de Roos, dum reverteretur a terra fanfta in infula de Cypro, civitate Papho, tadlus aeris regionis incommodo, diem claufit exremum." * Somner, p.m. The Statutes of archbifliop Stratford, printed by him, I have compared with the regifter of Chrift-chuich, Canterbury ; and I find thefe variations. Somner, p. 1 1 1 . 1. zi. lege, " et re- " ceptione;" I. 35. " let," lege, " fed."— p. 112. 1. n. " ordinati," lege, " ordinate''— p. .13. I. 18. lege, " |ier fuccelfores noitros.''— p. 1 14. 1. 23. lege, " in eo recipiantur," — 1. 27. le e, " | erej ri- " nos tamen."— 1. 31. " peregrinantes," lege, " peregiinos." — I. 34. dele h:ec verba, " praed' ib in, '-' quod minus diebus prsd' ell ex pen fu in in ampliori reccplioue fubiidiorumque viias necellariorum et " minifiratione paupeium peregnnorum.'' Y y 2 Of , 32 A N T I Q^U I T I E S IN KENT. Of whom, Mr. Somner adds thcfe farther conjectures, that " he- clwelt at Ghilham Canie ; from whence, the year before, ) is mother Margery, lady Roos, daughter of Bartholomew lord ladlefmere, and v. . /illiarxi de Roos de Hamlak, who, as a benefactor to the work, hath his name and effigies fet up,. and po'urtrayed in a window of the Chapter-houfe at Chrift- church ', dates a charter of hers to the maimer of this hofpitai ; and at her prefentation, as patronefs, in the year I 349, the fee of Canterbury being then void, one Ofbertus is admitted by the prior and chapter, " ad liber am cape/lam beatie Mar'ibe in cap.ro de Cbilbam, there personally to ferve and officiate, as a perpetual chaplain \" The above are Mr. Somner's words. Charta Margarete Domine de Roos. *' Sciant prefentes et futuri, quod nos Margarets domjn'a de Roos tradidirnus, conceffimus, et dimifiimus, totum marieriurft tioftrtirri de la Bleen, juxta Caiitu- im, Thome de Welton, et Roberto do Denton, capellanis, pro quadam furhma pecunh nobis, pre manibus, perlbkne, per eofdem tenend' et habend* totum preditV manerium noftrum, cum omnibus terris, pafturis, bofcis, redditibus, cum iervitiis tenendum ad idem m.merium pertinentibus, et aliis quibufcunque perti- nentiis fuis, preratis Thome et Roberto, heredibus et aflignatis iuis, ad totum ter- minum vice noftre, reddendo- inde capitalibus dominis ieodi illius debita iervitia, et confuera. Et nos vero difta Margaretta eifdern Thome et Roberto et aflignatis fuis totum manerium prediclum, cum omnibus et fingulis pertinentiis ejus, ad totam vitam noitram, contra omnes gentes vvarrantizibamus. In cujus rei teftimonium, prefentibus iigillum noflrum appbfuimus. Hiis teftibus, Willielmo Saure, Ed- mundo Stapulgato, Roberto Capyn, Thoma Evcrard, Joanne Elys, Joanne de Bngge, Henrico de Sturey, et multi.s aliis. Dat. apud Chilham, i° die Julii, a:m.j r. R. Edvvardi .ttrtii pod eoBqueftiim Ang'ie^°. A. D. 133d." " Omnibus Chrifti fidelibus ad quos prefentes littere peryenerint, Tnomas de R-oos de I; , falutem in Domino. Cum Robertas de Denton, capellanus, teneat fibi et aflignatis iuis manerium de la Blen, juxta Cantuar', de hereditate noftra ad totam vitam Margarite matris noftre et fuam, ex dimiilione matris noftre et confirmatione no.'tra. quod quidem manerium cum pertinentiis poft mortCm ipfius matris noftve et predicti Roberti ad nos et heredes noftros reverti debet : Noveric tamen univerfiras veftra, nos prefaturh Thom.m de Roos conceffiffe per prefentes Antiquities of Canterbury, by Somner, p. i iS. * Lib. Eccl. Cant. quod EASTB R I D G E H OSPI.T A L. 333 q lod miner-urn predi£lum cum fuis pcrtirtentiis, quod id ! fie tenet de hcreditate noftra, ei quod poft morti noftreet prefati '1 oberti ad nos et bercdes rev< 1 Thome Walton, magiftro feu cuftodi liolpi- talis Sanfti Thome martyris de Eaftbrigge, Can't uar', et fijccefforibus litis in pcr- petuum, in fubfidium cantariar' et elemoiyna:' faciend' ipyfeodem hofpitali, fecundum drdinatipnem rever ndi in Chrifto patri- el mini Simohis Dei grati ' 1 :uariens' archiepilccpi tonus \n- • ;, pro anfmabus patris ej fratris noftri et omnium anteceflbrum noilrorum ac ania,a matris nre atque noftia, cum migraverimns ab hac luce, tenemi' de capitalibus litis feodi | itia ind ita et confueta. Et nos prerhclus 'i homas de Roos et heredes nollri prediftum n n, rum omnibus 1 1 fingulis pertinentiis fuis, predidto Thome de Wbltbn, et fuccefibribus fuis, contra ies/g'eptes warrantizabimus in perpetuum. Hiis teihbus, Thome Chicche, Ra- e'ulpho fiiib Radulphi S :ntleger n iiitis, Roberto Vineter, Wilto Gervays, Th( atteGa'-i. VVi'lo de Eftwell, Joanne de Bregge, Joanne de Hoke, et a 1 is. In cujns rei teftimonium, figillum noftrum prefentibus tft appenfum. Datum apud Maghefeld, 17 die mentis Septembris, 1359, anno r. R. Edwardi tertii poft conque u n 33". There is another charter, the fame with this, dated at Weft- gate, juxta Cant', ... .10 r. R. EcHv' tertii 32, primo die Octobris. The firil charter was of Margaret, mother of Thomas de Roos, dated at Chiiham, July 1, A. D. 1 :■ >. The fecond charter was of Thomas de Roos, dated at Weft- gate, juxta Cantuar', October 1, 135s. The third charter was of the (aid Thomas de Roos, the fame With the former, dated at Maghefeld, Sept. 17, A. D. 1359. John the mailer, and the brethren of the hofpital, did grant by leafe unto John ate Hatch, an acre and a half of land in Bleen, in a place called Alotes, for ever, on condition to pay yearly to the mailer of the hofpital ten pence at Michaelmas- day, and ten pence at Lady-day, and two hens on Chriftmas- dav. And for default oi payment, the mafter and brethren of the hofpital wtre to re-enter, or to diftrai.n, Sec. Dated anno r. R, Edw. filii Edw. 17, A. D. 1324. They alio let unto the fame fqhn ate Hatch another piece of land in Blean, Galled UU'rv, on condition to pay yearly to the matter and brethren at Lady-dav i a\. and at Michnelmas-day 13 d. and at Chnftmas-day two Lens. And for default of pay- ment 4 334 A N T I CMJ I T I E S IN KENT, merit, diftrefs to be taken, an'd re-entry, Sec. Dated the fame year with the former. The church of SS. Cofmus and Damian, in Blean, was appro- priated to the hofpital; (fee Reg'rum Sudbury, fol. 6.) " Johannes de la Lee, miles, dedic unum meiTuagium, 180 acras terre, fex acras praci, lex acras bbfchi, 2" folida as redditus, et redditum 9 gallorum et 21 gallinarum, in villa de Bier . ha cmi' et tenend' predict mefluag' in terras, Sec. Tli e VYolton, et fucceflbribus iuis magris hofpit' de Eaftbregge, in Cantuar', ad cerca opera pietatis in eodem hofpitali ( p animabus dnellabelle nuper regine Anglie, et matris regis nunc, et aliorum progenitorum iuorum, ac mea, cum ex hac luce migravero, et omnium aliorum benefactorum dicTti hofpitalis," &c. A. D. 1360. The witneffes are the fame that were witneffes to the charter of Thomas de Roos. Dat. " apud Cantuar' die Jovis in craftino Sti Martini-, Anno r. R. Edw' tertii poll conqueflum 3410/' There is another charter, granting the fame donations, and dated the fame day and place, having the fame witneffes ; only with this difference ; inftead of " Thome de Wolton, et fuccef- foribus fuis, ad certa opera pietatis? are thefe words, " Thome de Walton, magijiro hofpitalis predicl\ ad totam vitam fuam, et fuc- cejjoribus fuis, in augmentum operum pietatis '. Herne, Reculvre, Walelyve, Whitstaple, and Chistelet. " ADAM le Heir dedit Tho' Wolton, magro five cuitodi hofp' beati Thome martyrisdeEaftbrigge, omnia tenementa, et terras, et redditus., marifcos, et pafturas, cum omnibus pertinentiis, que et quas nuper perquifivit apud Mekembr.'ke in Heme, habend' et tenend' difto Thome et fucceflbribus fuis magifttis five cuftodibus hofpit' pred' in fubfidium fuftentationis eorum, et pro uberioribus elemofynis in prefato hoipit' occatione pofiefFionum prediftarum largiendis. Dat' apud Heme, die Veneris proxime poll feftum tranfiationis B. Thorns martyr', anno r. R. Edw' tertii pefl conquelium 30." " Adam le Heir, civis Londini, dedit omnia tenementa, et terras, redditus, paf- turas, bofcos, fepes, et foffatas, que et quas dudum acquifivit in villis deWhitftaple,et 1 Mr. So-iiner (Antiq. of Cant. p. 119.) gives an imperfect account of this benefaction, by omitting to mention " the fix ncrcs of meadow, and the fix acres of wood," which are expreffed in the faid charter, in both the original writings of it, Swalclive, EASTBRIDGE HOSPITAL. 3 $ s Sivalclive, cum omnibus pertinentiis in fubfidium fuftentatinnis eorum, ec f p uberi- oribus elemofinis in prefato hofpit' occafione pofieflionum predictarum largiendis, &c. Datum apud Whitftaple, die et anno fupradi&i ." He gave lands alfo in Reculvre and Chiftclet, but the charters by which he granted them are loft. However, the licence of mortmain ftill remains, and will iupply the defects of the loft charters. And for that reafon, I have tranfcribed it at large. " Ldwardus III. Dei gratia, rex Anglie ec Francie, et dominus Hibernie, omnibus ad quos prefentes littere pervenerint, fahitem. Licet de communi concilio regni noftri Anglie ftatutum fit, quod non liceat viris religiofis feu aliis ingredi feodum alterius ita quod ad manum mortuam deveniat fine liccntia nollra et ca- pitalis dni de quo res ilia immediate ter.etur •, tamenp i: libris quos Adam le Evr ', civis Londin' nobis lolvet, conceftimus et licentiam dedimus pro nobis et here- dibus noftris, quantum in nobis eft, eidem Ade, quod ipfe centum acras terre, centum acras pafture, et 20 folidatas redditus cum pertrnentiis, in Reculvre. Heme, Svvalclive, Whkeftapte, et Chiftdet dare pofiit et afiignare dile&is nobis in Chrilto magiftro et fratribus hofpitalis bti Thome de Eftbrugge, Cantuar', habend' et tenend' eis magiftro et fratribus et fuccelToribus fuis ad inveniend' cercas cantarias et ele- molinas juxta Grdinationem predicti Ade in hac parte faciend' in perpetuum. Et eifdern magiftro ec fratribus, quoi ipfi terram, pifturam, et redditus predicT'cum pertinentiis a prefato Adamo recipere podint et tenere fibi et fuccefibribus fuis ad inveniend' cantar' etelemofynas pred' in perpetuum, ficut prediftum eft; tenore prefentium, fimiliter licentiam dedimus fpecialem, ftatuto prcd;clo noft.ro obftante. Nolentes quod prediduis Adam,vel heredes fui, aut prefati magifter et fratres, feu fucceflbres fui, ratione flatuti predicti per nos vel heredes noftros inde moleftentur in aliquo vel graventer. Sslvis tamen cipitabbus dnis feodi illius fervitiis inJe debitis et coniuetis. In cujus rei teftimonium, has litteras noftras fieri fecimus pa- tentes. Tefte meiplb, apud Novum Caftrum fuper Tynam, 20 diejanuarii, 1555, anno regni Anglie 29, r. vero noltri Francie 16." " Helena atte Park de Loth, de parochia de Reculvre, dedit Thome de Wokon, mngiftro hofp', &c. omnia terras et tenementa fua cum patris bofcis, £cc. Dat, anno 1360, r. R. Edw. tcrtii 34." King Edward III. granted licence of mortmain to John de May ton, clerk, " Quod ipfe quandam plateam terre cum pertinentiis in Cant' ordinatam pro tentis five tentoriis, continent. 17 perticatas terre in latitudine, dare pofiit five afiignare magiflro et pauperibus hofpital' Sri Thome Martyris ad inveniend' et fullentand' annuatim quendam cereum in ecclefia Chrifti Cant' coram feretro didti Sti Lhome cerris temporibus ardend', et ad alia pietatis opera r p animabus magiftri Ldmundi de Londin', quondam ardfid' Bedeford, et prefati Jcannis, cum ex hac luce mi- gravetit." Dated " apud Sandwicum, 25 Junii, 1345, anno regni nuftn Anglic 19." * Le IJ'iir in the two former charters. Killer o 33 6 ANTIQUITIES IN KENT. King Edward alio granted licence of mortmain for 40s. to William atte Welle : " Quod ipfe unum meiluagium et 8 acras terre cum pertinentiis in Harboldown,- juxta Cant* dare poiiit vel affignare magifiro five cuftodi hofpit' de Eafthrugge in Cant', et de Harboldown juxta Cant', in auxilium fuftentationis cujufdem capellani divina fingulis diebus in eccleiia dicY hofpit' de Harboldown pro falutari ftatu ipfius Willi dum vixerit, et pro ariima fua cum ex hac luce migraverit, etpro ani.uabus omnium benefactorum di&orum holpitalium, et omnium fidclium defunclorum," £cc. Dated " apud Weftm', 22 Jan', anno rtgr.i 3$." The fame king feized upon 40 acres of land in Cockerings, belonging to the hofpital, on pretence that the faid lands were appropriated to the life of the hofpital after the ftatute of mort- main ; but it did appear that all the faid lands were given before that ftatute, except five acres and one rode, which Walter le Tanner gave after the faid ftatute- Letters to William Truflel, efcheator, were directed, and elated apud lurrym London\ Mali 3, to regni 1 1°, 1337. Acquietahtia facia dno Thome de Wolton, magiftro feu cuflodi hofpit' de Efl- bregge Carttuar', de . mpoto adminiftrationis fue facto in bonis pred' hof- pitaiis. Ex regi ro 1 cclefie Chriiti Cant', K. fob 73, " Nos u« , efmiffione-divina, prior eccleiie Chrifte Cant', omnibus pre- . ti is, i ilutem in Dno fempiternam. Cum ad priorem difte ecclefie ] tio compoti n ug i feu cuflodis hofpitalis B. Thome de Eaftbrigge, in cK cate Cant', qui p tempore luerit, p ordinationem bone memorie diii Johannis . ntiper Cam' arci it-p>. * ; et diius Thomas* de Wolton, magr feu cuftos hoip; abs prcu', fe furl ciem r obtulerit ad reddendum nobis compotum admini- itiationis aic in bor.is pref^ti hofpitalis; nos fufficienter didifcimus quod ipfe pau- a id confluentibus hofpitalifatem, capellanis etiam et miniftris aliis re- quifita in eodem neceffaria, miniftravit, novas conftruxit domos, et reparavit col- , pofleflii nefque tjufdem hofpitalis in prefens redditibus in bonis aliis notorie ex bonis aliis, ut firmiter credimus, quam ipfius hofpitalis am- plia\ ■ conatur in dies, ut afferitur, ampliare : Non curavimus ipfius -audire in qu< m i ; i premiffis eidem hofpitali tarn utiliter intelleximus providentem, fed ur turn excitemur ad fimilia in futuris temporibus promptius facienda, ipfum ii, quantum poffumus, ab ulteriori compoto dicle iue adminiftrationis

.u:ei's Repertory, from MS, Lewis. A a a " Sci.nt 34 6 A N T I C^U ITIES IN KENT. " Sciant prefentes et futuri quod ego, Simon de Blen, dedi et concern, et hac prcfenti carta mea confirmavi, intuitiu Dei et Beate Marie et Sandlorum martyrum Cofmi et Pamiani, et pro fa lute anime mee et uxoris mee Godelef, et pro ani- mabus patris mei Roberti et matris mee Reynild, et Wiwardi, et Brigthere Si- wardi, Randwifi, et Birtholomei, et omnium parentum meorum et fucceflbrum, in liberam, puram, et perperuam elcmofynam, capellano miniliranti in eccla Sandlorum Cofmi et Damiani de Blen, 14 denarios liberi redditus mei quos Wiltmus de la Beche et heredes fui folvent eidem capellano pro una acra terre, et una hameleth, cum pertinenriis, quas tenef de me in villa de Blen, que jacet inter terrain meam et ternm ejufdem Willi, ad duos terminos, lc' ad annunciation' dominican' yd. et ad feft' Sti Midi ;d. Et ego Simon et heredes mei warrantizabimus et defcnderrus eidem capellano celebranti miffas pro animabus noftris prediftum redditurn contra omnes homines et feminas in perpetuum ; et ut hec mea donatio et conceffio, et con- firmatio ct warrantizatio et defenfio, firma fit in perpetuum et Irabiiis, prefentem cartam figilli mei munimine roboravi. Hiis teftibus, Domino Radulpho celerari 1, Philippo thefaurario, Samfcne Grevethario, monachis, Dominis Waltero et Ro- berto facerdotibus, Ricardo Senefcallo, Wil'.ielmo de Clufe, Lambino de B!cn, Sulamone, Willo de Fraxino, Roberto Lupo, et multis aliis." By the witneffes this is about the fame date with the former, that is, about Archbiihop Langton's time, A. D. 1222. Vicars of St. Cosmus and Damian in the Blean ; communicated by Mr. Delasaux. 1560, Thomas Makaride. 1569. John Cowper. 1586. Nicholas Simpson, M. A. T609. William Thurgar, M. A. 1632. Stephen Sackett. 1679. Simon Lowth ', M. A. ' Rector of Harbledown, 1670, and leffee of the tithes of the hofpital, 1682. See the Hiftory of that Hofpital, pp. 182. and 186. ". Simon Lowth, vicar of this church, received the king's letters patent for the deanery of Rochefter, in November, 1688. He took the degree of 1). D. at Cam- bridge, on the iSth day of January [enfuing] in the fame year. The expulfion ot king James II. from his kingdom, and the acceffion of the new king William to his throne, have prevented his being inftalled, till the prefent 29th day of March, 1689, and perhaps he never will. " At the beginning of Auguft, in the fame year, Simon Lowth above-men- tioned was fulpended from his prieflly fundion for rcfufing to fwear faith and true allegiance to king William and queen Mary. «■ In F. A S T B R I D G E HOSPITAL. 347 " In the month of February following, he was for the fame reafon deprived ; and of his rcftoration he remains doubtful and uncertain to this prelent day of April, 1^90. •• " Though the above mentioned Dr. Simon Lowth, vicar of this church, refufed to fwear allegiance to kins'; William and queen Mary, yet, after James II. had abdi- cated his kingdom, and gone to h ranee (with his queen and their Ion), who gave him royal Utters patent for the deanry of RocheQer, and after William alcen led the throne, and was crowned king of Great Britain, France, and Ireland, Dr. S:inon Lowth, the above-named vicar, prayed publickly, in his church of St. Cofmus and Damian in the Blean, for William and his wife Mary, as king and queen of England, Scotland, France, and Ireland, according to the form of praver prefenbed in the Liturgy, or book of Common Prayer, for the king : he prayed not only in general (as mentioned above) for the king and queen, but ex^reldy named king William and queen Mar", and u'ed all that form for them, from beginning to end, not once only, hut nn every Sunday, till king William gave his loyal letters for the deanerv of Rochefter to another doftor in divinity. And when that other dodor was inftituted and inducted dean of Rochefter, at length and not before, he refufed both to pray and fwear faith and allegiance to king Wil- liam. And when I mvfelf afked him, after he was lufpended and deprived, whether he had ever publickiy pr?.\ed fcr William as king of England, &c.ard had ufed the form in the book of Common Prayer for the king and queen, he owned that he had fo prayed ; and when I again af!<.ed him, why therefore he re- fufed to take theoahsof faith and allegiance to the king's majefty ? he anfwered, in this very houle, the firft time that I law him, " An oath is a facred thing." I replied, " Public prayer is alfo a facred thing. As vou have confefl'ed in yi ur '* prayer that William is king of England, &c. you owe him allegiance. As be- tween the regal power and the lubj.-dts allegiance there is a tranfeendent relation, and the one, namelv, the regal power, being placed and acknowledged in William, the other neceflarily follows, namely, the allegiance due to him ; and unleis vou would adl inconfiftently, you are bound to fwear faith to him. If you s& other- wile, your hearers will think you guihy of hypocrily and the utmoft diffimu- 4< lation, as you had ftyled William king in vour prayers, yet have refufed to " fwear the fubjecYion due to the king, and will judge that you did not believe " William to be king, though you had confefied him to be king in a public " prayer offered to the omnil'cient God, but intended king James the lid, which " is mod abfurd." I therefore advifed him to remain in his houfe, and ro keep his church, by praying, as he had been accu'iomed, for king William, and by taking the oa r h of fidelity due to him, &c. At that time I had the great (cd appending to a prefenurion to this church, which I exhibited to him ; neverthe- lefs, 1 told i.im, that I would nut ufe u, not doubting that God would provide for me and mv ta nily. If he would remain there and quajify himfelf, I wilhed him the utmoi't happn.efs in this church. But lie laid, that he would never take the o^th of allegiance ro king William; and if I (hould refufe to rake this church, without doubt another would rake it; he therefore alvited me to accept ir, and to fuller him to rcm-in with his family i:i this houfe till Eafler, and that I would fu>. A a a 2 fcribe ■ e 3+ 8 ANTIQUITIES IN KENT. 1690. James Williamson ', M. A. fcribe the fequeftraror's account, and acquit him of all the tithes collected in the two preceding years allowed him ; which I willingly promifed him, and afterwards did, not doubting that he had paid the curate, who fupplied his place, out of the tithes for thofe two years while he was fufpended and deprived, and alfo the tenths due to the archbifhop, and all the procurations due to the archdeacon. Rut I was circumvented ; for after I had fublcribed the fequeftrator's account, and was in- ducted into this church, on the 24th of March, 1690, the curate, Mr. Thomas, junior, fchool-mafter of Sandwich, made me pay fifteen pounds due to him, which the fcqueftrator Whyt, or the vicar South, was bound to pay him, if I had not lubferibed that account, which mentioned only four pounds being paid to him, and this induced me to believe that all were due to him. I was alfo obliged to pay the tenths to the archbishop, and the procurations to the archdeacon, for the two pre- ceding years, which were due before I left Scotland. When I reprefented this to Dr. OxenJen, vicar-general to archbifliop Tillotfon, though the archbifhop pro- mifed and intended to give me a recompenie, yet Dr. Oxendcn faid, that Dr. Lowth was the deprived incumbent, and would not fuffer me to leek in court a retaliation from him of all thofe pounds which I paid to my own detriment -, nor have I ever received a farthing from Dr. Lowth for thofe fifteen pounds, or for the tenths, pro- curations, or dilapidations •, which is very hard. But that all which I have written is moll true, I attelt, on the word of a prielt, and fubferibe with my hand, JAMES WILLIAMSON." ' " Matter of Arts, both in the univerfity of St. Andrew in Scotland, and in that of Oxford in England, Vicar of the church of St. Cofmus and Damian in the ".'ear,, and of St. Dunftan's, and formerly parfon or reclor of Kirkaldie in Scotland, for many years. Though I prayed for William and Mary, as king and queen, on : ie very day prefcribed to all minifiers, yet their power could not protect me in that church from the oppreflion of perfecutors •, for it was notorious that I was per- fecuted on account of the divine right and apoflolical difcipline of epifcopacy ; and though 1 was twice acquitted of their calumnies by the king's mod honourable privy council, yet the provincial fynod of Fife, and a conventicle of preachers, and lay elders, for no other re3fon, deprived me, and gave that defirable church of mir.e to that fanatic paftor of a conventicle, Robert Rule, who, like another Ahab, irregularly feized it, and alio the flipend of that whole year, al \ e < ighty pounds Enghfh, due to me. And they forced me to fly my countrv, to leave my church, my wife and family and all my friends, and to go to England (where I had not one acquaintance) within fourteen days, on pain of imprifonment and rebellion. I departed from my family, recommending that, with my dear paiifh, to God and the word of his grace, on the 15th of September, 1690, and embarked on board a fhip bound to London. Many tears were fried, amidft the embraces and adieus of all the principal inhabitants and many friends, who efcorted me to the fhip, which lay near the fhore. I arrived at London October 3, and trufted in 7 God EAST BRIDGE HOSPITAL. 34Q God that I fhould return whenever he mould pleafe ; but now I fear that the epifcopal difcipline will never hereafter be rtltored, and that 1 fhull never return, or that difcipline be rcftored, ■ While life thefe limbs infpires ; as I am now old, being feventy-two * years or age, and been banifhed mv country twenty-five. I believe, however, that Almighty God both can and will in his own good time reftore that difci pline of his divine church which 1 long have earneftly defired; with fubmiflion to the divine will, his will, not mine, be done. The Lord, who has the king's heart, and thole of all his fubjecdrs, in his hand, knows the time, and can turn them as he pleafes ; and when he plcafes, our extremity is his opportu iirv. When, the tale -of bricks was doubled, came Mofes, lent by God, who delivered the Israelites from the houfe of bondage. Who knows what (Jed will do for the epifcopal church in Scotland ? O that, as an union was made by our moft gracious queen Anne, of blcffed memory, between the two nations, uniring the long dillinct kingdoms of England and Scotland into one kingdom of Great Britain, and under one civil government, fo I pray that our moft gracious king George the Firft, king of Gre«t Britain, France, and Ireland, may, with his par- liament, make an union in ecclcfi utical difcipline, by bifhops having the fole but the principal and fuperior power both of rank and jurifdidlioh over the prefbyters, fubordinare to them by the divine law ; and lo there will be one national church and one epifcopal government throughout all Great Britain; and thus a national civil union will be confirmed and continue for ever. Arid if luch an union be not fettled, the civil union, I fe3r, cannot well be lading. O that all in Great Britain would repent, and fear God, and their fovereign king George, and acknowledge him now at leaft to be the true, lawful, and lupreme governor of this great king- dom of Britain, and would pay him true allegiance-, nor meddle tvith thofe who are given to change, Prov. xxiv. 21. with thofe who tranlgreis the commands of God and their princes, for their calamity flail rife fuddenly-jv&x, 22. and they v. ho oppofe their fupreme power ufift the ordinance of God, and they who fo rejijl flail receive /s themfehes damnation. Let every foul, whether it be of clergy or laity, be fubjeEt therefore to king George. And becaufe I have fworn faith and true allegiance to him and his fucceffors, and have abjured all papifts who pretend to have a ri^ht to reign, and by God's afliftance will keep my bath, and intreat all his people to be faithful and fubjecd: to him, efpecially that thofe \vh > have folemnly promiled their allegiance will ferioufly perform what they have fworn, fo I doubt not that God is willing to blefs us a 1, and that our king, who is the defender of the Faith) will both defend our reformed religion, and that when it fhall Item good to God, the king, and his parliament, that ancient and apoftclical epifcopal difcipline will be reftored to the Scotch, and to my native countiy, Scotland, where it is now abdi- cated. That this may be happily accomplished, I pray the God of patience and cgnfolation, according to his xvilL, that all we Britons may be like-minded one towards another, that zve may with one mind, and one month, glorify God, even the Father of ♦ As Mr. Williamfon lived rill Aug. i;a3, he mail therefore have been 8j at the lime of his death. our jea ANTIQUITIES IN KENT. 1728. Richard Leightonhouse ', M. A. 1 771. Richard Neild, M. A. 1781, James Smith % M. A. 1784. William Thomas 3 , M. A. St. Nicholas Harbledown. Ex lihro MS. in eccta Chrifti Cant', fie intitulato, " Taxatio beneficiorum ec- clorum p totam Angliam et Walliam." f ' Eccla Sti Nicbolai de Harpoldown. ix marcas." A like taxation is in another MS. of the faid church, thus intituled, " Ex libro taxationum beneficiorum in Anglia, Ranulphus CtftrenP A. D. 1:89. 17 Edw. I. Circa hunc annum, jubentc papa NicoIjo, taxate iunt ecite Anglie lecundum verum valorem," &c. In turre Londin', ex liotulo taxac', &c. A. D. 1291, 20 Edw. I. And the fame taxation is in the archdeacon's black book. our Lord Jefus Chr.ift. And thus I conclude this writing wi:h the words of St. Paul to the Romans, xy. 5, 6, in the year or our Lord 17:7, September 9. JAMES WILLIAMSON, Vicar of the parifh of St. Cofmus and Damian in the Blean ; and alio of St. Dunftan's, near Canterbury, fubferibed with my own hand 7." One ot the minor canons of Canterbury Cathedral, where he is buried in the cloyfters. He died Sept. 1 3, 1770, aged 80. 2 Mr. Smith was alio rector or Eaftbridge in Romney Marfh, and vicar of Alkham. He was born at Lifbon of Englifh parents, was educated there a Romilh pr'uft, and had a narrow efcape in the earthquake in 17.-5; ariL ' having loon alter renounced the errors or the church of Rome in Lambeth chapel, in pretence of Archbiihop Seeker, being patronized by that prelate and his fuccefibr Arcabifh>p Corn wal lis ; he, in 1767, publilhed b) iption (inferibed, by permifiicn, to the latter) ten dialogues, intituled, " The Errors of the Church of Rome detected ;" which have gone through two editions, and been well received by the public. He died fud- denly at Canterbury, after officiating at Harbleuowntfcf which he was curate), Feb. 8, 1784. ! Tel low of Chru's College, Cambridge, and fori of the late Dean of Ely, Mailer of that college. -j- This i; trar.fl ted from tht Regifterrbook, where it i.- infrited inLWrn. Repair /. J. d. X c V11J EASTBRIDGE HOSPITAL. 351 Repair of the Bridge, done by the Hospital. The city chamber hath a record, dated 7 Richard II. A. U. T391, whereby it appears, that the matter of the hofpital ought to repair, erect, and fuftain the neighbour-bridge, i. e. King's-bridge. The account of the hofpital eitate given up to the commillioners upon the ftatute 37 Henry VIII. chargeth the matter with the paving alfo of the great ttreet there '. Out of an old account-book of the hofpital. Imprimis dno Alano Blunt, capelino Cantar' de Eftbregg, jo falario luo per annum Et folut' dfio Walfero capeltno, jo falario fuo ibid' per annum Et aliocapelino divina celebranti in hofpitali pred' p 3 dies in feptl- mano nil hoc anno, tamen folebat habere per annum xxx Et iblut' cuidam mulieri cuftodienti pauperes in hofpit' predict', per annum xx Et in cervifia cmpt' et dat' pauperibus pred', per ami', p feptimanam yj d. xx vi Et in cera, pane, et vino empt',p capelia Et in expenf' fenefchalli curie de B!en xx Et folut' Joanni Thornbury, pro redditu terre apud Denne lefe hoc anno xiij iiij Et folut' dne DucifTe de Bucki-gham et ferv' dm feodi militis in lc Blen hoc anno ij Et folut' pro expenf militar' ad milites parliament' hoc anno iij ij Et folut' prioriile et monial' de Scapeia pro redditu de Elibrugge hoc anno vi Et folut' firmar' de Whitftaple, pro reddit' eis debit is hoc anno ij Et folut' Bernardo Brokey, pro redditu de Pettsfalles hoc anno xiiij £. xx xii Comput' vet' Hofpitalis. Rccep' de Willo Audele jo redditu ten' qui nuper Joannis Bertlet, /. d. dyer, per annum x>c De executor' Joannis Bertlet, junior', jo redditu tenementi fui, nuper Scoles, per annum xiij iiij De Hamone Bele, jo redditu tenementi Balfham, in parcchia Omnium Sanctorum, per annum iiij De Tho' Deynold, op redditu tenem' Hawkwode, militis, per annum iij iiij De relicla Lynde, J* redditu nove taberne in paroch' St. Andree in le Merceray, per annum iij vj Deiigno Stelle in parochia Ste Margarette, per annum x 1 Soainei's Antiquities of Canterbury, p. 1*9. De 3 , z ANTIQUITIES IN KENT. Dc Joanne Whyte, botcher,

firma Cant' dc Bekyfborn, per annum De Willo :.tre See, firrnario de Mekyngbrook, perannnm De Joanne Roper, f p firma de Lompett, per annum De decima mol' de Weftg'aie" xxi'. per annum, kd ifio anno quo molendiniiin ftetit vac' p iij quai;t' per defe&um reparacionis ej-tffdem hoc anno De.Rogero I »ri trctio nrrnar'; per ah'nu Pe"-Velicla Joannis Aldelener ,p fij ■ £ jaccu' in parocjiia de Byrchington, et Omnium Sanctorum id Tfianetpj \ . s. d. viij v j xij iiij XX IIJ XXXIIJ lllj xxxiij xvj iiij xxvj viij X V VIj viij xliiij V. vi'j viij xiij i'U iiij vj viij vj XX »j ▼J X xxxiij iiij Ix lxvj VIJ viij XIJ Vj VIIJ Decima E A S T B R I D G E HOSPITAL. 353 Decima de Weftgate. De Joanne Swaine, firm ar' de Weftgate, pro decimis. Pro 2 porcellis, viijd. Pro decima vitulorum, ijs. vijd. Pro decima xv vaccarum, ijs. iijd. Pro viij agnellis, viijd. Pro 1 quartier et dimid' lane xviijd. Pro decima cannabi, nil. Pro firma de Bromedown, xs. Summa totalis redditus, xxvjl. xjs. ijd. A rental made in the 21ft year of Henry VII. A. D. 1506, agrees in almoft all particulars with the following rental, made A. D. 1509 ; except, in this firft rental, £' *• d - The rent of Cockering 113 4 The rent of Weftgate is 968 A rental of the lordfhip of Hoath and Bleen, in the ift year of Henry VIII. Lord prior of Chrift-church, for Monkland Item, my faid lord, for Cliff's land Item of Ralfe Simon, for Oxendine his love Item, John Bovyar, ob. Item, the brethren of Northgate Item, the vicar of Bleen, for John Gentiles his love Item, of Vydel his love Item, of my lord's Beeham Item, of Robert a Mayton Item, of John a Mayton for William Bovyar Item, of William Took Item, John Wynter Item, John Roper for Butiller's Court Item, John Winter for William Sellewer, tenant on the Bjeen Item, of Mr. Walter Langley for Well-court Item, Robert Cobherd Item, Robert Elnore Item, Ralfe Simon for John Clif Item, John Elner the younger Item, Robert Bowyer, for Chriftian Cadman B b b Item, £- s. d. 6 3 4 1 2 9 1 2 4 6 1 1 9 2 1 7 9 J 3 4 3, L 1 6 8 1 4 10 6 4 61 2 5 3 5 2 354 ANTIQUITIES IN KENT. Item, John Philpot for the fame Chriftian Item, Nic' Sheldwick Item, George Belfyr Item, Ralfe Simon for his fader Item, Robert Covverd Item, Ralfe Simon for John Clyff i Item, Robert Bobyar Item, Thomas Elinor 2d. et pro 9 gallinis 5s. Item, John a Mayton Item, William Bobyar .Item, John Winter for Thomas Procter Item, John Cooper the younger Item, John Bobyar Item, for himfelf, 6 gallinas Item, John Philpot, fervant o o o o o o o o o o o o s. cL o 4 3 2 O II 2 O O O 5 o o o o 9 6 5 4" z 9 J 9 4 5 4 °i 1 .4 5 5 ji and vj gallinas Fee farms in the Bleen, 1 mo Henry VIII £• j. d. Videl his love 4 John Winter 3 9 George Belfyr, for 2 acres, half, and 3 perches 1 6 Widow Thomas, pet for pit fallyes 7 John Cooper 9 Robert Mayton for John a Mayton 8 William Geree 7 8 12 6 Seynt Dunftonys. The heirs of Belfyr for Bufhy-lane The parfon of Harboldown, for a croft befides the parfonage Mr. John Roper for Lomepitte John Temple forBromedune o o o 2 o 10 6 o o 14 Weftgate EASTBRIDGE HOSPITAL. 3 # Weft-gate Parifh. The heirs of Mr. Ramfejr 030 Baker, for rent of Cokering 168 Tho' Percy Baker, for R. Welles, in Crokker-lane 010 Robert Copar, for tents called Swaynes and Philpots 006 Stony-ftreet, for the tenement in North-lane 016 The manner of Weftgate 800 9 12 8 Parochia S'ti Petri. Mr. William Kudele 1 O Mr. John Mayton 13 4 Harry Sworder 12 William Geree, for a meadow in Medelane 4 iiij tenements in the faid parifh 1 5 Romefcot Nicolas Miller 2 The vicar of Hern, for John Plumpton, in St. Peter's-lane 2 John Rand for Miles Denne 4 3 18 8 Parochia Omnium Sanctorum. Thefaurarius eccle Chrifti Cantuar' g Stillicidio o in Thomas Beel 040 Joannes Bellyng 2 r o Joannes Dryflon 1 10 10 Willus Geree 100 Joannes at See de Hern 268 Firmar' de Bekyfbom 2 13 4 John Baker de Harboldown for Richard Hart 1 6 8 John Coleman ,p ten to juxta rectoriam Omum Sanctorum 010 1 1 B b b 2 Parochia S5 6 ANTIQUITIES IN KENT. Parochia S'te Marie de Northgate. £• s ' Woodland, ,p gallo et 8 gallinisj o 2 De hofpitali Sti Johar.nis extra Northgate .p 2 gallinis o o 6 De Radulpho Simon, p xi gallinis ounid' o 2 10-j De Roberto Mayton, pro una gallina 003 De Roberto Bomar, ^ 36 gallinis et dimid' o o 10^ I- 35 3 ANTI^lTiES IN KENT. £. s. d. Di relicta Copar, fgallina 003 Dc M'i'O Joanne Roper, ,p 1 gallo et 5 gallinis o 1 5f De Joanne Littlecot," ^p gallo et tribus gallinis o o 1 it De hered' Georgii Belly r, ,p gallina 003 De Roberto Symis pro gallina 003 DeLambeher!t,heredeCowherd,£i gallo eti gallina o o $\ De heredeElnor, vidue,

. the hen is 3d. every one Gate Silver. De Joanne Norton, milite, 004 Joanne Roper 0010 Radulpho Simon 003 Joanne Roper, armigero 004 Joanne Littlecote 004 . BeJfyr 004 Add this 4/. 8/. in the 2 firft funis of the rental 480 14 8 St The rental is thus fumnied up. Sum total of all the whole lordfhip of Blen and Hoth ^".15 17 5 qu. Whereof the rents of afTize with cocks and hens is £-535 ob - tento juxta pontem de Weftgate ex parte Aullrali The fuma totalis of the other rentals is Of another rental the fume total was The farmes at Bekyfborn rented at 3I. p annum. A terrier of the lands belonging to Eaftbridge-Hofpital, taken Nov. 26, 1 71 3, by George Cadman, leafed to Mrs. Boys, &c. Acres. Hoth-Court 6 pieces 62 Two woods adjoining to Hoth-Court 30 Ben Horn, 8 pieces 90 Horfe Downs, 2 pieces 40 Roothams, 1 1 pieces 50 Thomas Nickolls, 8 pieces 30 Henry Culler), 2 pieces 7 John Fleet, 2 pieces 7 Thomas Cullen, 6 pieces 17 Denge Lees 60 395 There is one farm that lets for 45/. per annum, whereof the houfe and clofes except of the land (about 10/. per annum) are fee-Iimple; the reft belongs to the holpital. Anno 37 Henrici VIII. The king directed his comniiffion to Thomas [Cranmer] archbifhop of Canterbury, Henry [Hol- beach] bifhop of Rochefter, Thomas Cheney, John Baiter, Thomas Movie, Richard Long, William Finch, knights, An- thony Aucher, and others, Sec. ; who certified as enfueth *. ' Out or the papers which G. ITayca fent to archbilhop Whiieift. 6 Reddit' V XIIJ V J vj X viij xxvj vii EASTBRIDGE HOSPITAL. 363 Reddit' Afliz' exeunt' de diverfis terris et tent' in civit' Cant', viz. in /. s. d. the parifh of Hallowes, for divers tenements there — xiij/. xiij. \\)d. In the panfn of St. Peter's, for divers tenements there, \xxs. viij a'. In the panfh of St. Margaret's, ad. In the pariili of Weftgate, xjj.vjfir". In the parifh of Northgate, imd. In the parilh of St. Andrew's, ujs. 6d. xvii xix v Pern, firm' diverfar' terrar' ad voluntatem dimifP, viz. cert' terr' in Bekefborn continent' per eftimat', 60 acras, per ann' lvjj. v\]]d. cert' terr' apud Cockering, in Thanington, per ann' xxxj. Claufura vocat' Long Harris, in Harboldune, xs. cert' terr' in Birchingtxn, nee non certar' decimarum predialium, ibid, p annum, vjr. viiji. ciaufura voot' Pytfylds, p annum, xi. \]d. Item, firm' diverf terrar' et tent' ad voluntatem dimiiT' in diverfis parochiis in dicta civit' Cant', p annum Pern, firm' xi acr' terr' in camp' vocat' St. Laurence Feild, ac 4 acr' terre in pred' campo Item, firm' fcitus manerij de Blene et Hoth court, ac omnium do- mor' ac edific' cum diverfis pafturis et claufuris continent' p annum 154 acras, nee non et omnium decimarum perfonalium et predialium omnium premiiTorum in parochia Cofmi et Damiani de Blene, in tenura Thome Higham ad voluntatem, per annum x xiij iiij Portio decimarum predialium de oibs terris dominical' manerii archiepi Cantuar' de Weftgate in tenura Thome Pigham, per annum ix Porco decimarum predial' omnium terrarum intra parochiam Sti Ni- colai de Harboldown in tenura I home Pigham, p annum xiij iiij Porco decimarum predial' in parochia Storum Cofmi et Damiani in le Blene vocat' Foxholes, in tenura Thome Pigham ij Summa li/. xviijj. xd. In the fore-named accompt are omitted the 200 acres, and xxs. rent that Adam le Heir gave in Heme, Reculvre, &c. Item, 25 quarters of corn to be paid yeerly. kern, except the 60 acres of land in Bekeiborne, all the reft of our Lady's chantery lands, rented at 7/. os. 4J. p annum, are omitted. " Ecla Storum Cofmi et Damiani de Blen appropriatur magro hofpit' Sti Thome de Eflbrugge, Cantuar' ■," as may appear in the office of firfr. fruits and tenths, anno 26 Henry VIII. " Geo' Pligges, vicar there, receiveth for tyth-corn, p annum, v/. " for tythes predial and perlbnal, oblations, and other fpiritual profits, ir/. " In all ix/. The parfonage of Harbeldown was appropriated to the hofpital, anno 16 Edw. III. and was charged with perpetual tenths, p.-r annum, 1 :». 6a. C c c i Item, 364 A N T I C^U I T I E S IN KENT. Item, in the office of firft fruits and tenths, thehofpital of Eaftbridge is charged with perpetual tenths, at 47/. ox. iO:f. ob. Salaries paid out of the Hofpital Rents. £. s. d. To Stephen Morrys, chantery-prieft in the faid hofpital 10 6 8 To Sir George Hygges, chantery-priefl of Harboldown 500 Item, there was one Nicolas Chapman, chantery-prieft of our Ladyes chantery in the faid hofpital, per annum 10 11 3 Salaries and difburfements paid by the mafter of the hofpital, as are fet down in two rentals, as I fuppofe, in the time of king Henry VII. viz. £. s. d. Imprimis, To Thornbury o 13 4 To my lady Bokingham 020 To the priorefs of Sheepy 070 To the fermer of Whiteftaple 020 To Brocas of Banerlay 012 To my lady priorefs of St. Sepulchre 090 To the chantery-prieft of Eaftbridge, Sir H. M. 10 6 8 To Sir Walter of Harboldown 500 To a woman to keep the fpittle 100 For ale for the poor people 168 For wine and wax for the chapel 010 o For making and carrying 1000 fagots to the fpittle for the poor men 1 o o 20 17 10 There is put down alio for mending a black veftment of velvet, xij '• a- Kind's money, tenths, and fubfidy for the hofpital, 4 10 6£ To The dean and college of St. Stephen, in Weftminfter 013 4 For quit-rents of the Fitho'es o 1 1 « The mailer alfo ftands charged, befides the charges above reliearfed, with the focking meets, and the burying of poor people that die within the hofpital ; the which of late hath been very chargeable, and like to increafe during his majefty's prefent wars, " Befides, the faid matter ftands charged not only with the reparations yearly of the tenements belonging to the faid hof- pital, with his manfion-houfe, and the chapel, but alfo with the reparations of the King's-bridge, and the paving of the ftreet." The inventory of the goods belonging to the hofpital. " Two bells to ring to fervice. u Item, within the houfe a cheft bound with iron, wherein remaineth all the evi- dences belonging to the faid hofpital. " Item, that the faid hofpital is a parifh-church, wherein there is continually ad- miniftered all facraments, and facramentally to the poor people thither reforting, and to the keeper of the faid hofpital, and his houfehold, and all others remaining within the precincts of the lame, by the faid chantery prieft. And it is diriant from the parifh-church of Allhallows the breadth of the ftreet, by eftimation of xxi feet. " Item, there is in the faid hofpital a chantery prieil, having a foundation, receiving for his ftipend by the year 10/. 6s. 8 J. " Item, We find that the faid chantery prieft, notwithstanding his foundation, hath ever fince Chriftmas lafl paft fung and celebrated maffe at St. Andrew's for Mr. Naylor, not doing his duty at home, nor any for him, according to the foundation in that behalf '." Lands in Heme, Reculvre, Swalcliff, Chiftelet, alienated, when, by whom, &c. 2 " Anno fecundo regis Edwardi VI, Ar.noque Domini 1547, by an aft of parliament chanteries were dillblved ; and thereupon, the lands given to thefe chantefies, which belonged to the hotpital, were diipoled to feveral perlcns, to 1 Taken out of one of Mr. Somner's MSS. belonging to the library of Chriil-church, Canterbury. 1 Ex Uteris G. Hayes to Archbifliop Whitgift. whom EASTBFxIDGE HOSPITAL. 3 6 r whom the king \v;is pleafed to grant the fame ; and, together with the chantery lands, fome other lands were fraudulently alienated from the hofpital, which never did belong to the chantery, but were given before any of thefe chanceries was founded ; of which I find thefe following inftances. " The lands in Heme, Reculvre, Chiltelet, &c. which Adam le Heir gave anno 30 Edvv. III. being 200 acres, and 20s. rent, were not given wholly for the ufe of the chantery, but for other pious and charitable ufes, and to fuftain the charge of the poor in the hofpital. (See p. 334. fupra. " Dedit magiflro et fratribus " hofpital' in fubfidium eorum fuftentationis et $ uberioribus elemofinis in prefato " hofpitali occafione pofleflionum predidtarum largiendis.") Thefe are the exprefs words of the charter : only in the licence of mortmain by king Edward thefe words are added to the other ; " ad inveniend' cantar'," &c. The rent of thefe lands was 3/. 6s. 8d. which was paid out of Making brooks lying in Heme, by one Henry Oxenden ; who, as it is reported, hath all the reft of the faid lands, and the 20s. rent, that the faid Adam le Heir gave to the hofpital of Eaftbrigge. And fince the ftatute, anno 27 regnt Eliz. upon the refervation of yl. 10s. to the queen, to be paid by the hofpital, the faid rent of 3/. 6s. Sd. hath been alio kept back from the hofpital, and lb continues to this day." Lands alienated from the hofpital^ lying in Beaksborn. Francis Gill and Lodowick Gryvil purchafed certain lands to themfelves, belonging to the hofpital, lying in Beaksborn, under pretence that they were chantery-lands, viz. Spytil-field, containing 1 1 acres. Snote, 7 acres. Wapping, 10 acres. Nobells bill, 19 acres. A piece called vj acres. The yearly rentes. Sd. Though fome of thefe did belong to the chantery which James de Bourne founded and endowed, yet great part of them belonged to the hofpital, and had no relation to the chantery. It appears plainly from the charter, or deed, above written, that Richard de Becco, A. D. 1250, gave 10 acres, called Wapping in Beaksborn, to the matter and brethren of the hof- pital, in puram, Uberarn,, et perpetuain ehmofinam., long before the chantery was founded '. Alfo William de Sanclo Edmundo, recftor of Livingsborn, gave 16 acres of land, lying in Beaksborn, long before the chantery was founded * : yet all thefe were alienated from the hoi] itaL ' See p. j 24. 2 Ibid. umk' $66 A N T I <^U ITIES IN KENT. under the pretence of chantery-land. Thefe were confirmed by the record of king Edward II. in anno 7 , A. D. 13 14. The like is probable of fome other lands, tzc. Lands and Tenements in Canterbury, alienated from the Hofpital. The tenement juxta hofpitale, in quo incumbens ibidem modo inhabitat, per annum, $s. Item, firma unius melTuagii cum gardino et pomano, vocat' Clavering Hofpital, in quo incumbens i'idem inhabitat, valet per annum, 13^. ^d. Item, firma unius tend cum gardino et 4 acris terre et dimid' fcituat' ex oppofito hjipital' predict', valet per annum, xxvjs. \\\\d. Thefe three parcels were granted by king Edward VI. to Mr. Gartwright and Mr. Hyde; and were lands and tenements given before the chantery was founded. The third parcel feems to be that which Arnoldus Aurifaber gave to the hofpital, A. D. 1256; and the other two were given long before the chantery was founded. There are two rentals, one dated in the 3d year of king Edward VI. anno Domini 1548, Od. 6. The other dated April 4, anno primo et fecundo Philippi et Marie, Mr. William Sworder being mafter. Rents of Aihze with cocks and gates. r j Wellcourt, for rent, ioj. for xij hens, 3/. for gate filver and a cock v]d. ob. I5 6f John Roper, by the hands of John Weeks, 23J. 4J. for. rent of Wood- land, 1 3 s. 4r/. for one cock and viij hens, is. yd. ob. gate filver, iod. Prior of St. John's, 4.J. 6d. and 2 hens, vj^. llalfe S'imons, for rent, 6s. 1 id. ob. for one cock and xij hens, 3J. 2d. ob. for gate filver, 4^. o 10 6 Widow Mayton tor rent, xxd. a hen, 3c/. t ll Winter, or We^ks, for rent 008 John Winter, for rent John Weeks, or Denys Hall, for rent Widow Alen, rent <\d. a hen 3c/. o it 5 o 002, 007 Thomas EASTBRIDGE HOSPITAL. 3 5 9 /. s. d. Thomas Miles, rent 003 Mr. Roper, tor Ruther's court, rent 6x. Bd. a cock and 5 hens, \~]d. ot>. gate filver ' ^d. o 8 5*- John Hdal o 1 1 1 Robert Svmnes, rent 4^. a hen 3^. 007 William Lamberhertt, or John Harriibn, for rent, 6d. a cock and hen $d. otj. o o nf George, or Robert Elnor, rent, is. a hen 3d. 023 Jamys Chapman, executor of Roger Domflede, rent, is. Bd. a hen id. o 2 11 William Hart, for rent 003 R. Weeks, heir of William Rlner, rent is, xod. oB. qu. a hen 3 d. 03 i£ Auften Ellen, for renr, ° 3 5y Mr. William Roper, for rent, 045^ 5 1 4t Rent Charge in Allhallows Parifh. William Parker, for a gutter o 1 1 r N Simon Barret, for Hardres malt-houfe 010} Mr. William Oxendine, for a houfe and garden, qd. o o 4 >o Mr. Beles, or Mr. Clark, or Mr. Drayner, for rent of a garden o 4 o ^ 7 3 Rent Charge in St. Peter's Parifh. Stephen Scot o 13 4 ^ John Eton, or William Hart 040^1 14 Mr. George Bingham 040^ Rent in Weftgate Parifh. John Bell o 1 6 N John Cuthbord, or Phil' Jervace o 1 6 '• John Onyon, or William Swift 03 1 z* ? Mr. Hills, by the hands of John Winter o o 6 / Rent Charge in St. Margaret's Parifh. John Trot I0 1 Qi The meaning of " gate filver," mentioned here and clfeuhere ? D d d Rent 370 A N T I Q^U ITIES IN KENT. Rent Charge in Northgate Parifli. John Walfta!, for a houfc late Thomas Mallard's 04 o Rent in St. Andrew's Pari Hi, Roger Btre, or Peter Nay lor 036 Rent in St. Peter's Parifh. Stephen Scot 100 Tynet. [Thanct.] Mr. Harry Ciifp, for rent of certain lands and tithes o 6 S Harboldown. Thomas Lyham, for tithes o 13 4 Tithes of Foxholes 020 Suit of Court. William Roper, 8 ! 595- 5 The laft fuffragan bifhop of Dover, to which office he was confecrated by archbilhop Parker 1569, and in 1584 made dean of Canterbury, where he was bu- ried in the Deans' chapel. See Wood's Athen. Oxon. 6S6. He was alfo reclor of Great Chart, to which he was indudted Jan. 19, 1567. See Lewis's Lifay on Suffragan Bilhops, p. 15. Fourth fon of Amandus Colfe, alias Coulte, of Calais in France, and of the city of Canterbury in England, was born in Kent, probably in that city ; and was educated at Oxford a commoner in Broadgates-hall, 1576. He died July 15, 1597, and was buried in the chapter-houfe of the cathedral church of Canter- bury. See the regifter of the hofpital. 3 1597 374 A N T I Q_U ITIES IN KENT. 15.97 14 Aug. 34. John Boys ', D. D. 1625 25 Oft; 35. Robert Say % B. D- } 1628 27 May, 36. John Sackette 3 , B. D. 1664 20OCI. 37. Edward Aldey 4 , M. A. 1673 10 Apr. 37. Samuel Parker 5 , D. D. 1688 1 Sept. 38. John Battely \ D. D. 1708 39. John Paris 7 , M. A. 1709 Jan. 40. John Bradock s , M. A. 1 Four;' 1 Ion of Thomas Boys, efquire, of Eythorn, in Kerr, and nephew to Sir John Boys of Canterbury, was admitted of Bene't, or Corpus Chrilti, College, Cambridge, 20 April, 1 586 ; iellow of Chelfca College, 1610, rector of Bettfhanc;er, and dean of Canterburyi 1619. He died Sept. 28, 1625 •, and wis buried in the Deans' chapel near the icrmon-houfe in rhe cathedral church, where he has a monument. See a lilt ot his works in Mafters's Hiltory of Corpus Chrifti College, p. 241. * Rector of Herbaldown. He died April 8, 1628. 5 Rector of Creat Mongeham. He died Auguft 24, 1664, and was buried in the char.cel of his church. 4 Prebendary of Canterbury, and rector of St. Andrew's and St. Mary Bredman's. He died July 1, 1673, and was buried in the chancel of the parifh church ot St. Andrew, in Canterbury, now taken down, but his monument is prcfervtd in the veltibule of the new church. 5 Archdeacon and prebendary of Canterbury, and rector of Chartham and Ickham ; afterwards bilhop of Oxford, 1686. He died at Oxford, March 20, 1687. 6 A.rchdeacon and prebendary of Canterbury, rector of Adifham, author of Antiquitatcs, Rulupina, and Sti Edmundi Burgi ; the former printed 171 1, 8vo and the latter Ox. 1745, 4to. He was a great benefactor to this hofpital, His picture han^s in the hall.— The queltion being put, Whether a mafter ot the hcfpital, upon his collation, ought to compound for firfl-fruits ; this anlwer was returned. " All •' holpitals, whole revenues are difpoled to charitable ufes are to be difcharged by " the ftatute ; and we lend out no proceffes againlt matters of any hofpital what- •' foever, concluding the revenues thereof to bedilpoied to pious ufes, and there- " fore you need not trouble yourfclf about compolition tor the fame. 1 am " Oft. 1, 1688. " Your humble tenant, " To Dr. Battely." " Robert Urwyn." 7 Rector of the united parifhes of St. Mary Bredman and St. Andrew, in Can- terbury, and vicar of Beakiborne. ' Vicar of Hackington, or St. Stephen's, near Canterbury, and one of rhe fix preachers in that cathedral. He died Auguft 14, 17 19, and was buried in thechancd 43« Henry Heaton j , B. D. 1777 23 Sept. 44. William Backhouse 4 , D. D. 1 A learned antiquary, re&or of Acryfe 1690, of Hawkinge 1702, vicar of St. John's Margate 1705, rector of Saltwood and Eaftbridge 1765 and vicar of Min- der in Thanet 1708. See a lift of his numerous works in Mafters's Hiftory of Corpus Chrifti College, Cambridge, Appendix, p. 102. His picture, from which there is a print prefixed to the 2d edition of his " Hiftory of Thanet, 1736," .jto, rungs in the holpital hall. He died Jan. 16, 17+6. 2 Grandfon to the 36th mailer, minifttr of Folkftone, and rector of Hawking, 1699 ; known as an antiquary, by his letter dated 18 Nov. 1702, giving an account of the chapel in Dover Cattle; as a naturalift, by a paper in the Phil. Tranf. N° 349, on the finking of ground near Folkftone; and as an epigrammilt, by his Lujus Poctici, in the early volumes of the Gentleman's Magazine. See a farther account of him in Mafters's Hiftory of Corpus Chrifti College, ^p. 363. 3 A native of Doncafter in YorkflVire, admitted or Bene't, or Corpus Chrifti Col- lege, Cambridge, 1730, B. D. 1745, fucceflively fellow and tutor of the college, minifter of St. Benedicl, Cambridge, and one of archbifhop Herring's domeftic chaplains, by whom he was collated to the rectory of Ivy Church, and the vicarage of Boughton under the Blean ; and his Grace bequeathed to him a prebend of Ely, an option. Mr. Heaton's claflical abilities would have been known only to his pupils and particular friends, had not his connection at college with the prefent earl of Hardwicke and his brothers (to three of whom, and alfo to the prefent earl of Briftol,and his youngeft brother, he. and " laft " and ' -; leaft," to the writer of this note, he was tutor), induced him to take an active part in the Athenian Letters, in which he wrote the fifteen, figned H. His epitaph alfo on his friend Dean Caftle (matter of the college) in Barley Church does equal credit to his heart and head. He died July 7, 1777, and was buried in his church at Boughton. See an epitaph on him in the Gentleman's Magazine for that year, p. 499. 4 The prefent worthy mafter, who, after having been many years one of archbifhop Cornwallis's domeftic chaplains, is now alfo, by his Grace's favour, archdeacon of Canterbury 1767, rector oflckham 1771, and of Deal 1779. Bene- 37< S A N T I QJJ I T I E S IN KENT. Benefactors to this Hospital. Thomas Becker, archbilhop of Canterbury, was the firft founder and endower of this hofpital. See p. 301. A. D. 1200. Hubert, archbilhop of Canterbury, gave the tithes of Weltgate mill, of a mill and two falt-pits at Herewic; of a windmill in Reculvre, and of a windmill at Weithalimot in Thanet. See p. 302, 8ec. 1203. William Cocking, citizen of Canterbury, founded the hofpital of St. Nicolas and St. Katherine, which was united by Pope Innocent III. to the hofpital of Eaftbriige ; after which he gave all his lands, pollefTions, and chattels, to the hofpital, whom he made his heirs. See p. 304, Sec. Vivian le Mercer, eldeft fon of Ordnothus the dyer, gave 24 perches of land in Hackington, to Cockin's hofpital. See p. 307. Nicolas, the fon of Baldwin, gave 5 acres and a half in Cock- ering, and about the fame time 9 acres more. See p. 307. William, the fon of Henry, gave 62 acres in Hakintune. Henry de Swoleford gave 5 acres and a rode in Cockering. 1243. Stephen Haringod gave 3 acres in Cockering. Robert de Cockering gave 3 acres and 13 acres. Hamo, the fon of John de Cockering, gave 5 airs and a half. See p. 308. Walter de Kenefield gave 13 acres. All thefe lands lie in Cockering. Hamo de Crevequeur granted the parfonage of Blene, Sec. to the hoipital, and many pieces of land, and was a molt con- siderable benefactor. See p. 308, Sec. Archbilhop Langton confirmed the grant thereof, and an- nexed the parfonage of Blene to the hofpital. Wlwardus gave the hofpital a certain prebend in Blene. Agnes the daughter of Anferius gave two acres and three roods of land. See p. 309. Simon EASTBRIDGE HOSPITAL. 377 Simon and Peter, the Tons of Efterman, gave a wood and a farm. See p. 309. Richard de Bromfeld gave 6d. rent. 1243. William de Suth folk gave i7d. ob. rent. 1268. William, the ion of Stephen of Hoth, gave the land called Sheepfield. 1272. Joannes de Fraxino gave $d. rent. — William, the fon of Hamon le Lekel, gave 8 acres of land. 1280. Abida, the daughter of Robert of Hoth, gave two acres and a rod of land. 1289. Robert Scot gave three acres and a half. 1299. Mirabilia, the daughter of John At le Heart, gave two pieces of land. Avie, the daughter of Ralfe de Balward, gave three acres and a quarter of land in Reyfield. Cicily, the daughter of Ralfe de Balward, gave an acre and 39 acres of land. Feugerius, the fon of Simon de la Hocke, gave three acres and a quarter of wood. Robert Lupus, Robert the fon of Richard Wrotham, and William the fon of Stephen of Hoth, and many others, gave lands and rent. All thefe lie in the Blean. T2io. Pope Honorius the Third freed the hofpital from pay- ing tithes. See p. 314. John of Adifham gave two acres and a half. Ibid. The barons of the port of Romney gave the lands called Guildhall lands in Romney. Ibid. Chriftiana, the daughter of William Silveflre, gave 3s. 6d. yearly rent out of a meffuage in Canterbury. Seep. 315. 1230. Matthew, the fon of William Sunewine, gave 2s. 6d. out of two meffuages lying in Canterbury. See p. 317. Afcelinn, the daughter of Radulphus, the fon of Arnoldus, E e e gave >.,-: —.IT* 373 ANTIQUITIES IN KENT. p-ave certain lands and meffuages adjoining next unto the hol- pital. See p. 317. Richard, the ion of Radulphus, joined with his filter in the faid gift. Richard Calvel gave certain lands and houfes, See. Ibid. Gode, the daughter of Wibertus, gave I2d. rent out of a meffuage without Weftgate. Ibid. Robert Pin and Beatrix his wife gave 2s. a year rent out of a meffuage in St. Peter's parifh. Ibid. Joannes Chopelofe gave 3s. rent without Weftgate. J bid. Avice, the widow of Lambert Weyder, gave a meffuage by Jury-lane, in All Saints parifh. See p. 318. Bruningus the miller, gave i6d. rent out of a meffuage without Weftgate. Ibid. Hugo Godefhalt gave certain lands. Peter, the fon of Stephen de Dene, gave three meffuages nigh the hofpital. Wlfrede, the fon of Elftrede, gave 2S. rent out of 6 acres of land at Deeringdale. Solomon de Tuniford gave 6d. rent. Adam, the fon of Wlfred, gave 3s. id. rent out of a houfe without Weftgate. John, the fon of Vivian, gave certain lands in Canterbury. Aldhiena, the daughter of Thomas, gave 2od. rent in St. Dunftans. Hugo de Radingate gave a meffuage without Radingate. Henry, the fon of Nicolas, the fon of Baldwin, gave i8d. rent out of a meffuage in St. Mary's parifh of Northgate. Thomas Lock gave certain lands in St. Peter's parifh. Guido and John, the fons of Sufan, gave lands in Brumdune. Gunnora, the daughter of Euftathius de Merewith, gave 3d. rent out of three meffuages nigh unto Eaftbridge. Simon, the fon of William and Adam, of Saxenherth, gave 7 acres of land in Brumdune. 6 Walter, EASTRRIDGE HOSPITAL. 379 Walter, the fon of Safford Capellanus, gave lod. rent out of a mefTuage in St. Margaret's parifli. See p. ^19. Arnold us Aurifaber gave the mefTuage over-againit the hofpital. Ibid. Rogerus Ald?rmannus gave 2$. rent out of 4 acres of land in Fox mold, &c. He gave alfo 5 acres of land in Foxmold, and two acres over-againft Foxmold. See p. 320. William, the ion of John Alderman, without Readingate, gave 24s. 8d. ob. rent out of certain meffuages, Sec. Ibid. Henricus de Ofpring gave 26d. rent out of a mefTuage in Na- tingdune. Ibid. Adam Textor de Holeflreet gave gd. rent. Michael, the fon of Helie de Blen, gave land in the parifli of St. Nicolas Harbledown. Seep. 321. John, the fon of Roger Chriftmafs, gave the piece of land called Lompette. Ibid. William de S'to Edmundo, rector of Livingsborn, gave 26 acres of land in Livingsborn, alias Beaksborn. Seep. 323. William de Becc gave 10 acres of land, called Wopping, in Livingsborn, alias Beaksborn. Seep. 322. Walterus, the fon of Eilmery, gave land in Burchentune [Birchington]. See p. 325. Gilbert de Clare, earl of Gloucefler and Hereford, gave cer- tain lands and rent in Blene, and confirmed the gifts of Elias and Hamo de Blen. Ibid. 1342. Archbifhop Stratford gave laws and ftatutes for the go- vernment of the hofpital. See them, p. 3 29. He alfo united and an- nexed the parifli church of St. Nicolas Harbledown to the hofpital. 1359. Thomas de Roos de Hamalalk gave the manor of Blene. 1360. Joannes de La Lee, miles, gave 180 acres of land, 6 acres of meadow, and 6 acres of wood, 27s. rent, 9 cocks, and 21 hens. 1355. Adam le Heir gave 200 acres of land and 20s. rent in Heme, Swalclive ', Whitftaple, and Chiftclet. See p. 355. 1 Mifprinted " Watelyve", p. 334. E e e 2 t3o"c : 3 8o ANTIQUITIES IN KENT. 1360. Helena atte Park de Hoth gave all her lands, tene- ments, &c. 1345. Johannes de Mayton, cleric', gave a certain piece of land in Harbeldown. 1362. Simon Iflip, archbilhop of Canterbury, founded the chantry, and united the chantry of Beaksborn to the hofpital. 1363. Bartholomeus de Bourne (de Beakfborn) tranflated the chantry, which James de Bourn founded in Livingfborn, and endowed to the hofpital, together with the endowment of the chantry. 1375, Simon Sudbury, archbilhop, refounded the chantry, and founded the perpetual vicarage of Blean. William Wittlefey, and Thomas Arundel, archbifhops, founded the chantry of Harbledown. King Edward III. gave the chaunge in Canterbury to the hof- pital ; and is to be numbered among the benefactors. Archbifhops Matthew Parker and John Whitgift may be efteemed as the greateft benefactors, and founders, and re- ftorers of this hofpital. 1 5 85. The dean and chapter of Chriit-church, in Canterbury, did give one fmall bell, called the Wakerel, to the ufe of the hofpital, to be hanged up in the chapel, for the calling together the brothers and lifters to the appointed fervice there. 16 1 4. Mr. Nevil, brother to Dr. Nevil, gave 10s. to the poor of this hofpital. 1615, Dr. Nevil, dean of Chrift-church, Canterbury, gave 40s. to the poor of this hofpital. " There are, without doubt,'* fays Mr. Battely, *' other bene- " factions, which have not come to my knowledge." 1648. Mr. Avery Sabin gave ten marks per annum to the ten poor in-brethren and fitters* to be paid quarterly. 1660, Arch biihop William J uxdn did contribute bountifully towards the repair of the brothers lodgings next the bridge. The particulars of his benefaction are not recorded. 1676. EASTBRIDGE HOSPITA L. 3 8i 1676. Dr. Gilbert Sheldon, archbifhop of Canterbury, con- tributed towards the repairing of the filters lodgings : for, as Dr. Parker wrote to his grace William lord archbifhop," By the help of " y our grace's predeceflbr's benevolence, I have repaired the honfe." 1688. William Sancroft, lord archbifhop of Canterbury, gave the large Bible, which is now in the chapel, and a large Com- mon Prayer book, for the ufe of the reader in the chapel. 1694. Mrs. Elizabeth Lovejoy gave five pounds per annum to the ten in-brothers and filters. 1708. The rev. Dr. John Battely, D. D. archdeacon of Canter- bury, new-built three of the lifters lodgings, and did feveral other great repairs ; and at his death left to the in-brothers and fitters iool. the intereft of which to be proportioned by Mr. John Bradock and Mr. Somerfcales, vicar of Doddington, 17 ro. Dr. Thomas Tenifon, archbifhop of Canterbury, gave towards the repair of the bridge belonging to this hofpital, 20 1. 17 10. The dean and chapter of Chriit Church, Canterbury, for the fame ufe, 10 pounds. 171 1. Mrs. Mary Mailers left 5I. per annum to this hofpital, now much reduced. See Hiftory of St. John's Hofpital, pp. 196 and 280. 17 19. Mr, John Bradock, mailer of this hofpital, gave 25 1. 1 3s. 4d. for the better payment of the poor people at Lady-day and Michaelmas. 1 72 1. Mr. Matthew Brown, of St. Peter's, Canterbury, Car- penter, by his will, dated Dec 12, I7i7,gave 10s. per annum for ever, to the in-brothers and fillers of this hofpital. Seep. 281. 1 768. Thomas Hanfon, efquire, late of Crolby-fquare, London, by his laft will and teftamenr, dated April 30, gave the intereft of 5 col. for ever, to the in-brothers and fillers of this hofpital, which being now inverted in the 3 per cent, reduced bank an- nuities, produced 17I. 10s. per annum. See p. 196. The 3 3 2 ANTIQUITIES IN KENT. The mafler of the hofpital laid claim to certain tithes of meadows, or paftures, called Cowbrooks, or Cowmedys, in Hakington, 8cc. The whole of which will appear from this following in- ftrument, which I have tranfcribed out of a book, commonly- called, " The Archdeacon's Black Book," fob 25. " Univerfis Sandle Matris ecclie filiis ad quos pfentes litere five prefens publicum inftrumentum pvenerint five gyenerit. Johannes permiffione uivina, pii^r ecclie Chrriti Cunt' ac revenmdiiTjmi in Chrrfto p icris ac Din Dni Henna Dei gratia Can- tuar' archiepi, toiius Anglie primatis, et apoftolice leuis leg fci in remotis apentis, vicarius in ipiritualious genetalufj laiu cm in Domino lempitetnam ei fid«m ioduoiam pfentibus acihiber'. Veftfe univerlatis bbtitie de^ucimus p pientei, quud orta nuper difcentionii materia in quodam negorio de jure et policili Be pjcipiehdi et hai.rndi decimas qual':unque de quibufdam pracis, paicuis, et panuris, Cowbrokys alias ^ow- medys majori et minoti vulgariter nuixapitis, intra iiies ei nmites ecclie ^parochially de Hakynton notor* adjacentibus proveniences, moto inter venerabil s c. iiilcretos viros dnum Thomam Burton, ra-gium five cu'todem bnfpftahs fk&U (heme mar- tyris de Eaftbregge, civic' Cant', ex gte una, et rnagtum vVnli.m l'yngham, cle- ricum, reverendi viri magri Hcnrici Rum worth, arcntdiac' Cant prdcuratprerh fe dicentem,ex pte altera; dictis piibus coram nobis in qi: darneafpe'Ba' :n honore beate Marie Virginis, infra dictam ecciiam Chrifti dedicata, in negotio fupradidto inter eafdem partes ad jura reddend' pro tribunali fedentibus, comperentiuus, preiatus Thomas Burton, mager five cuftos hoipitalis fupradicti, me i'frm compitionis et in- tentionis affectum nobis intimavit, quod ex certis cauns ipfum, ut afferent, mo- ventibus, etiam pro eo et ex eo quod lpfe probationes legicimas ad proband' jus et pofTeilion' de jure aliqum in pcepnone decimar' pedidar' a_-> jure fuo et hofpi- talis fui pdicli munimine habuit aut habere potuit cuicunque liti ea de caufa ma- teria in pofteruTi et movende omnino cedere et renunciare voluit, palam, publice, et exprelTe. Qui quidam Thomas et magr fupradiclus infuper quandam renunti- ationem in quadam cedula papiri icripiam in manu fua tenens fecit et legit publice et expreffe lub forma que fequitur tenore verborum : " In nomine Dei, Amen. Coram voois reverendo in Chrifio patre et Diio Diio Johanne pmifiione divina priore ecclie Chrifti Cant' et rev 'mi in Chrifio patris et Dni Dili Henrici Dei gratia Cant' archiepi totius Anglie primatis ct apoftolice feciis legati in remotis agenti vicario in fpiricualibus generali : Ego, Thomas Burton, clericus, magr et cuftos hofpit' beau Thome Martyris de Eftbregge civicaris Cant', dico, allego, et in his fcriptis propono, quod licet orta nuper fuerat quedam dif- centionis materia fuper jure et poiTeffione pcipiendi et habendi decimas de qui bufdam locis et pratis vocatis Cowbrokys, majori et minori, provenientcs qualiteicunque et f pventuras infra fines et limites ecclie parochialis c!e Hakynton, Lain' diocef, ad- jacentibus, inter me Thomam Burton, magiftrum five cuftodem hofpit' fupradicli ex pte una, et magrum Willum Bingham, reverendi viri magri Henrici kumworth, archiepi Cant' jpcuratorem generalem, ex pte altera : Ego tamen Thomas Burton, magr ** EASTBR1DGE HOSPITAL. 383 magr ct cuftos hofpital' pdicY, omni juri, titulo, et poffeffioni, quod, quem, et quam habui, aut habeo, in eifdcm decimis aliqualiter vel ad cas ex cenis de caufis mc in hac parte moventibus, vi nee metu inductus neque compulfus, ymmo ex mea propria et fpontanea voluntate pur' liber' fimpliciter, et abiblute, ex certa mea fcbtentia renuntio, et ab eifdem re et verbo totaliter recedo, ipfafquedecimas et poffeffionem ea- rundeni, quatenus ad me nomine hofpitalis mei pdicti attinent, dimitto in his fcriptis : Nos infuper Johannes, vicarius in fpiritualibus fupradi&us, volentes prout ad nrum pertinet officium partibus pdictis in pmiflis facere juftitie complementum, et in eodem negotio ex earundem ptium petitione procedentes, ex ipfius di£ri Thome Burton, magri et cuftodis hofpital* pdidti confenfu expreiTo, ,p jure reverendi viri dm' archi- diac' fupradifti nomine ecclie parochialis de Hakynton, pdicV decimas fVni et agiftament' animalium et alias decimas quafcunque de pratis, pafcuis, et pafturis fupradictis, infra fines et limites didle eccfie de Hakynton notor' adjacenribus v— venientes et f pventuras pcipiend' et habenGi ipfas vero decimas ad dictum dnum archidiaconum nbie ecctie iue de Hakynton, ptinuifie, pertinere, et pertinere debere in futurum ^nuntiamus et declaramus, diftas etiam decimas lite five controverfia inter ptes puicV pendente lequefiratas et fub arto fequeflro in falva cuftodia ex confenfu ptium pdidtarum pariter et affenfu repofitas in quorumcunque manibus exiftant pfato ctno archidiacono five ipfius noie ,pcuratori ftio pdidto rellituendas ec deliberandas fere f p jure et poffefiione ipfius d'ni archiadiaconi fupradicti lpias deci- mas fie pcipend' et habend' ut prertur decrevimus judicialiter tunc it>m, que 01a et lingula, ad quorum intereft feu intereffe poterit in futumm volumus noiitiam per- venire. In quorum omnium fidem et teftimonium pmifiorum figillum quo in iiro utimur officio, una cum figno etfubferiptione Adam Body publici automate apoftoiica notarii et in pfato negotio aclorum fcribe pfentibus duximus apponendum. Data et a£ta funt hec, prout fupra fcribuntur et recitantur, fub anno Domini millefimo ccccmo xvm c , indicxione xii, pontificatus fandliffimi in Chrilto patris et Dai nri Dni Martini Dei f pvidentia pape quinti anno fecundo, menfe Decembns die decima, in capella luperius recitata ; plentibus difcretis viris Johanne Denny s, domicello, Rogero Rye, et Henrico Lynde, literatis, et aliis Cant' dioc' tefiibus, ad pmifla vo- catis fpecialiter et rogatis. Et ego Adam Body, clericus Saru diocef', publicus autoritate apoftolica notarius Cant', pmiflis 01b' et lingulis dum fie lit pmittitur fub anno indict' pontif ' menf die et loco pdictis agebantur et fiebantur, una cum pnorrinatis tefiibus pfens interfui, eaque oma et fingula fie fieri vidi et audivi, fcripli, publicavi et in hanc publicam formam redegi, fignoque et note meis fofiti et confueti demandatis pcfati diii vicarii in fpiritualibus generalis fignavi rogatus et requifitus, in fidem et teftimonium pmiflior', et conitat mihi in norio fubicripto de iftanim dictionum " cuicumque fuper" in decima et undecima lineis iftius inftrumenti a cepite ejuldem computandis, quos approbo ego notarius antediftus. Ex 3 8 + ANTIQUITIES IN KENT. Ex archivis ecclefise Chrifti, Cantuar'. Of Bourn-Chantry. Omnibus Sancte Mains ecciie filiis ad quos pfentes ijttere pvenerint : Henricus, pmifiione divina, prior eccbe Cnnfti Cant', et ejuldem locicaptura, falutertyh Chtifto. Litteras venerabilis patris Dni Walteri, Dei , Gant' Arcfei pi, Anghe primatis, non abolitas, ncn cancellatas, nee - ihlp^xiraus, tenorem qui fequicur continents. " Walterus, p v;i:lo.K u a:\:..-p.s, totius Anglie primas, falu-'em et pacem in D£o ierapiien\aa>. Lut upae iti m qu< d- dam litteras five cartam p Jacbbum de Burr' co-ed fup^r dona,ap,nc e' ..l,"Liia- tione terrarm ec reddituum ad quandutu Cantuii m :n ccdiu i de.i yv\ .-gef- burn perpetuo conftituendam per eundem jacobu i., gupd ujus donarioner; et af- fignationem approbemus ac hujtis Cjnvar.e conititue^ - 1 ' h>am n.iptiamus auori- tatem et confenfum curn .nib:.'' pcitu! annum nobis ejshibitas, no. a 'olkas, ftdumni fufpicione carentes infpeximus, lub eo qui fequitur i nore verlc-iun.. " LTniverfis Chriiti fidelibus ad quo- pferues littera-- p' ej cm; i J c/t us ce Burn falutem in Diio. Novc-rit univerfitis vra quod cum lere iffin us ETnus -ic rex h 3ns Edwardus, films EdvardL Dei gratia, rex Anglie, 3nus Hibernie, ctdux Aquit.nie, michi Jacobo ,ik-d' .cenceflerit et p car a :.*'■ regiam licentiarri dederit i.p'ep/alem, quod pofiim unum merTuagitirn, cartas tej t 1 1 reddiuis meos in Lyvrngciburn, dare et affignare cuidam capellano divina in ^cctia Sti Petri de Lyvyniburn eclebraturo, prout in carta regia pdicia c.ontinetur, cujus tenor talis eft. " Edw. Dei gratia, rex An^iie, dnus Hiberrre, et dux Aquitanie, omnibus ad quos pfentes iiterepvenerint lalutem : Licet de cofnuni confilio rrgni nri ftatutum fit quod non liceat viris religicfis feu aiiis ingredi feodum alicujus ita quod ad manum mortuam deveniat fine licenfia lira et capital' dni de quo xes ilia imediate tenetur, £ finem tamen quem Jacobus de Burn fecit nobi'cum, concelTnnub cc licentiam dedimus ,p nobis et herecibus Eris quantum in nobis eft, eidem Jacobo, quod ipfe unum meiTuag', vigint* et quatuor acras terre, et lex folidatas, et ccto denariatas redditus cum pertiiienuis in Lyvyngelburn' dare pofiit et afiignare cuidam capellano divina fingulis diebus in ecciia Sti Petri de Lyvyngelbcrn, p animabus ipfius Jacobi et Joanni's filii Euftathii de Burn, et animabus patrum et matrum et antecefibrum ctheredum fuorumjet omnium fidelium ccfur.c'torum, eclebraturo; habend' et tenend' eidem capellno et fuccefibribus fuis capellanis divina fingulis diebus in ecctia pdicl' jp animabus pdicb' celebratruV in pjerpttuum : Et eidem capellno quod ipfe pd'&a mefiuagium, ten am, et redciitum cum pertinentiis a piato jacobo recipere pofiit, et tenere fibi et fuccefibribus fuis pd' in gpetuum, ucut pdictuin eft, tenore pfent' fimiliter licentiam dedimus fpecialem. Nolentes quod pdiclus Jacobus vel heredes fui, aut pecictus capcllanus, feu fucceftbres fui puicii, ratior.e ftatuti pdidi per nos vel heredes Tiros inde occafionentur, moleftentur in a.'iquo, feu graventur. Salvis tamen capitalibus cTnis foedi illius fervitiis inde cebitis et cor.fuetis. In cujus rei teftimonium has Iras iiras fieri fecimus patentes. Tefte rneiplo apud Weftm' 2do die Decembris anno regni iiri feptimo." Ego Jacobus pediclus, Dei nomine invocato, pro falute anime roee et corporis mei et p falute animarum Joannis filii Euftathii de Burn, patrum et matrum, ante- cefibrum et heredum nrorum, et omnium fidelium riefunclorum, do et affigno uni capellano divina fingulis diebus in ccclia pdi&a, pro anima mea et animabus no- minates EASTBRIDGE HOSPITAL. 3 f 5 ftninatis fupcrius celebraturo, unum meffuagium meum quod habeo in Lyvynfburn. Item, 24 acras terrc in Lyvynfburn pdicta. Item, fex folidatas et oclo dcnariatas redditus cum pertinentiis, qui redditus exfurgit de talibus lecis exiftentibus in Lyvynfburn pnominata, viz. inter mel fuag' Nicholai RauF verftn Weft, ec terram beredura Willi Champcneis verfus Eaft, habend' et cenend' did' meffuag' cum terris et redditibus pdicYis eidem capelhlo et fuccefforibus fois capcllnis divina (ingulis diebus in ecctia pd'

- ventus, d ieclo nobis in Chrifto 'lhome Chiche!e Archipo Cant', falutem in Autorei falutis. Cum vacant ecctia antedicta p mortem rmi in Chriflo l'atris .et Dni Dili* Jur.nr.is vr.ilcraame divina epi Ste Ruffine, S. && eccie Rom arte Cardinalis, Cane ' Archiej Anglias pnmatis, et Aphce fedis beati, univerfa ac omnimodo jurif- dtftio eccte Chrifti pd' que jam difto fmoPatri ceterifque rjuldem eccle Archiepis ante- eum ct .p tempore exiftenti-bus prinuit, nobis $ nunc competere dinofcatur, . Nofque< dicta durante vacatione capituhiritercongregati, dc oro unanimo eonfenfu, decrevimuS' ( p.u decre ■i.lfimus, ecctam Chrifti antedict' civitatemque atque dioc' Cant' ex caufis* lationahbus f p tunc animum noftrum ad hoc moventibas p nos noftrofve faltem com-- Tirios fori vjfititadas, eafque tunc aclualicer vifitavimus. Atque inter cetera in dicta- lira vifttatione cempta invenimus ac plenius intelleximus prout menainerimus atque- intelleximus;, fruclus, reddhus, apventus, ac emolumcnta hofpitalis beate ac glorio r et virginis Marie atque S?i Thome martvris de Eaftbrigge vulgariter nuncupati civitat' Cant' pd', cujus magr feu cuftos ee dinofceris : quod quidem hofpitale ,p tunc* realirer vifiravimus raultipliciter decreviffe.. Nee non memorati hofpitalis confederate fundatkmis tempore, ouerumque in ipfa fuodatione ac de poft eidem hofpitali ac magris feu cuifodibus tjufdem impufitorum, in pofterumque p-ipfvmi hofpitaley dixtive hofpitalis magrbs ieu cuftodesfupportandum non mediocriter diminuta, dy- run.perata ac minorata exiftere, prout in nonnullis aliis diet' Cantuar' diocel' loc:s< cognovimus, ac in locis dominiifque nris propriis plus fatis expti fumus ; ac infra aml.itum fve iepta dicYi hofpitalis nris oculis

Imprimis, viz. Quod p nos et fucceflores firos CantuaV' archiepifcopos talis vir nominetur et pficiatur talis mager hofpital' pdicl', qui pro tempore hujufmodi ad- miffionis fuerit Comifiarius generalii in civitate Cantuar' p dictum archiepum qui pro tempore fuerit nominandus, qui etiam in facfo prefbyteratus ordine conftitutus ftorit (nifi aliter fecum difpenfatum fuerit) et non diutius ittra magr hofpitalis pdicV fit, nifi qua™ fuerit Comifiarius archiepi. :e Ft quod infra uniim menfem poftquam didY hofpital' adeptus fuerit de fir.gulis itdnis hofpitalis bonis figillatim et fpecifice plenum confteiet irwentor-ium, cujus verarn copiam nobis et fucceffonbus nris quam eito comode poterit exhibebit, atquc fingulis annis inter feftum Sancti Michaelis archangeli et duodecimum diem menfia Novembris proxime fequentis, deadminiftratione bonorum, frudtuum, proventionum, jur.um, et reddituum dicli hofpitalis pro anno finito in fefto Sti Michaelis antedidlo Bobis et fuccefforibus nris, feu alicui alteri ad hoc p nos deputato, plenam et dif- tinclam raconem reddat cum requifitus fuerit. " Volumus ptereaquod ad didti magri difpoGtionem et curam folicitam fruc"tus 3 , redditus, ec proventus, dictique totius hofpitalis regimen, quam diu ibm pdidtua ir.iger ruerit cum moderamine ptineant infra fcriptQ; viz. quod ad placituni domini archiepo pro tempore exiftentis manebit et refidens erit in domo manfionali hofpi- talis pldidti, vcl in manerio fuo de Blene vel Hoth Court, et-de- reddit' et proventi-* onibus terrarum et pofleffionum hofpit' pd' pcipict et habebit fingulis annis fex hbras, tredecim folidos, et quatuor denarios, et xii caradtat' bolci de nemoribus ptinentibus manerio five firma de Hoth Court. " Et quamdiu in pace vivitur fine bello fingulis diebus Veneris non ferlatis hora. nrn'i, et fi feriati fuL-rint, hora duodtcima p totum anni circulum abfquc aliqua oiiuilior.e ilmi pJiclus magr hofpitalis prcdiCci p fe vel p legitimum deputa-tum fuunx trtginta pauperibus ec maxime indigcmtb,us de civitate Cantuarienfi oriundis vel itm diu habitantibus in aliquo loco convenient! intra limites holpitii pauperumo 2 pdicti' EASTBRIDGE HOSPITAL. 3S9 i pdicti congregat' ad odium five in domo hbfpitii iiri Cantuarienfis, omni carnal aifectione femora, fupra quo corrfcien tiara ejus oneramus, triginta denarios dabit* parti Rl habendo rtlpedum ad commendationem preioris oppidi Camuarenfis ( p tun- pore exillcnt'.s. " Hoc tamen obfervatum volumus, quod nullus dictorum triginta pauperum eo tempore fit in altero nrorum hofpitalium de Harboldown vel S'ti Joannis apud Northgate in civitate pdict': illos enim (quoniam alias nte eleemofyne pticipes iunt) ab ifta diftributione peniuis excludemus. " Verum li tempus inciderit quando bellum gerendum eft, ita quod milites p civitat' Cantuar' tranfire contigerint, quam primum hujufmodi bellum publice fuerir. denuntiatum dicY diftributio trigiuta denariorum quolioet dieVeneris protinus ceffabit quamdiu hujufmodi bellum duraverit, et ad tres menfes poft, et »d fublevandos milires valetudinarios bellove lefos p diftam civitatem proficifcentes et redeuntes in dicto hofpitali quotidie ad fnrnam quatuor denariorum pro numero fingulorum • dierum in anno de exitibus, redditibus, f pventibus, et bonis hofpitalis pdicti volu- mus expendi. " Sani vero illuc accedentes non habentes de fuo p noctem unam recipiantur. Valetudinarios autem (modo ne leprofi fint) cum lanis confluentes tarn ad moram, quam ad vite fubfidia juxta eftimationem pdictam pcipiendam lanis volumus ante-- ferri. Cmod fi dierum aliquo in ufus pdiclos pauperum militum de exitibus, red- ditibus, proventionibns, et bonis hofpitalis ipfius, quia nullos vel paucos hujuf- modi illuc contigerit declinare ad eftimationem pdiftam non expendatur ordinamus et volumus quod diebus aliis feu temporibus copiofioris adventus pauperum pdicl' ibm, quod minus diebus pcedentibus efie expenfum, in a.npliori receptione fub- fidiorumque neceffariorum et miniftratione pauperum hujufmodi juxta moduni fuperius annotatum fuppleatur taliter cum effeciu ut quotannis tarn pacis quam belli temporibus in ufu tarn pio et laudabili deexitibus, redditibus, proventionibus, et bonis hofpit' pdict, ad fumam quatuor denariorum ,p quolibet anni tempore die difcretione previa, integraliter et fideliter erogetur. " Qui in fata ibm decedent in cemiterio nra Cantuar' ecclie fepeliantur loco ad hoc antiquitus defignato. " Cautum infuper efto ne dictum hofpitale, quod folummodo in pauperum peregrinorum ufum primitus fundatum eft, oneretur aliquando quod habitationem pauperibus in civitate Cantuar' vel fuburbiis ejufdem degentibus aut illis, qui p aliquod tempus proxime pteritum in ciidem aut intra feptem miliaria a dicta civi- tate habitaffe comprobentur. " In hofpitali autem pdict' duodecem lectos competenres cum fuis pertinenribus ordinamus debere ptrpetub coniiftere ad ufum confiuentium pauperum militum hujufmodi, ac rnulierem aliquam honefte vite, que quadraginta annorum eratem ad minus excellent, minifterio hujufmodi pauperum pro eo tempore tarn in iectis quam vne neceffariis, ut pmittttur, mimftraturam effe volumus, cui mulieri minifiretur deexitibus, redditibus, proventionibus, et bonis dicti holpital' proat mav.ro vtde-- bitur oppominum. " Sint pterea in dicto hofpitali duo libri, (quorum alter (it inftar kalendarii in q.uo numerus pauperum it5m pernoctantium, ecaru-m valetudo, et pecume illis cro- gate aflidue annotentur, quern libram magr exhibebit fingulis annis nobis ct fuoc- ceflbribus 590 ANTIQUITIES IN 'KIN T. 'Ceflbribus {iris, una cum coinpiuo fab de tcrris, tenements, et aliis profifiifiS 'ii n hofpitale ptinentibus, tempore fu peri us exprefib etlimitato: In altero dits, ji.cnl ', annus, et nomina in hofpitali -pdido morantium, diligenter infcribantur. " Volumus infuper et ordinamus quod in domo aliqua dido hofpiral' ('pedant' euftedietur fchola p magrum hofpitalis pdid'

o hofpitalis ,pdidiplacuerit,-eteum fubftituto fus ■.concordatum fuerit. " Volumus etiam qucd in diebus ferialibus ter qualibet hebdomada omnes pueri pdidi precationes in capeJJa hofpitalis pdidi alta voce cancndo dkent, vel litaniam vel alias folemnes orationes breves juxta ordinationtm magri qui pro tempore fuerir. •" Volumus etiam quod poftqnarn folutio decern librarum p anrwm Wilhelmi Sworder nuper magri hofpitalis pdicV, quam jam ex conceffione quadam occupat, legitime celi'abit, leu determinata fuerit, ex tunc in.ppetuum diclus mager didi hofpitalis dabitet folvet fupradidis pueris fufficientia .papyrum, calamos, et atra- mentum, .et alios fibres, maxime congruentes ,p eorum ufu in facello. " Frovifo quod inftruftor puerorum tarn in fcribendoquam in legendo et cantando p magrum femper deputandus fit collector reddituum didi hofpitalis, qui pro tem- pore fuo ^p hujufmodi colleiffcione ^p fingulis annis recipiet xxvjj. viii^. cum una liberatura p magrum i)li quotannis donanda tali qualem aliis fervis fuis in futurum daturus eft, et quod recipiet ,p labore inftrudionis fue pdide quatuor libras annu- atim fibi folvendac. " Provifo etiam, quod pdid' magr hofpitalis pdidi, fi iple in edibus hofpital' pdid' habitare vel Roluerit, vel non .pofTit, quod tunc redor ecclie Sti Andree in civitate Cantuarienf vel fubftitutus fuus preratur ad habitationem in eifdem do- mibus pro annali redditu xxvis. virid. -et-non emplius^ modo idoneus ad idem ofheium inttrudoris puerorum fuerit p magrum hofpitalis et decanum eccle Cant* qui ji tempore fuerit, femper examinandus et approbandus. " Volumus pterea .quod ex redditibus annuis hofpitalis pdidi folvatur duobus fcholafticis in collegio Corporis Chrifti et beate Marie in Cantabrigia inflruendis, uixra earn firmam que indenturis quibufdam con-venit inter magrum hofpitalis pdidi, et magrum et focios collegii pdidi, quamdiu terminus annorum hujufmodi in- denture durabit, et eo modo eligantur et pficiantur, quomodo in pdiftis indenturis exponitur et declaratur. " Et ne hec lira ordinatio pofthac veniat in oblivionem, vel negligatur, quin femper temporibus futuris fuma fex librarum et decern folidorum ad ufus pau- perum tarn pacis quam belli tempore quotannis expendatur, et quod tubus expenfis et receptis rite computaiis, tarn $> oneribus fupra diftis, quam ,p repurationibus e pronunciabit Anglice banc nram ordinationem incipiendo ab eo loco, Volutnus frztcrea quod ad dicT magiftri dijpofitionem et air am fdlicitam /rutins, &c.-~legendo ad iltam uique claufulam, Volumus etiam quod magi fter, &c. "■ Et ad ordinationem pfentem in fingulis luis articuli's, prout eft poffibile, - fideliter obfervandam, et quatenus in eo elt facere fieii obfcrvandam, nee non de corrodiis, penfionibus, terris, poffeffionibus, nemoribus, ant bonis moWilibus, im-- mobilibus, feu juribus ipfius hotpital' non vendendis, concedendis in ppetuum,vel ad rempus donandrs vel ad firmam dimittendis et locandis, vel alio quovis alie-- nationis titulo non alienandis, nobis et fuccrfforibus nris archiepis Cantuar' incon- fultis et non confentientibus ad hoc expreffe p fcriptum nrum hoc teflan' p quof- cunque magros hofpitalis pdicY quibus ejus regimen comittetur, in pofterum vo- lumus et ordinamus in coruiffionibus fingulis de ipfo faciendis eifdem corporale ad fanctum Dei Evangelium preftari juramentum. " Provifo femper, quod fi magis expediens videbitur Archiepo qui pro tempore fuerit, irt fuffraganeus ejus ad idem hofpitale promoveatur, quod tunc ex eo cafu ipfe fuffraganeus pferatur omnibus aliis ad ejufdem hofpitalis pfecluram, cum con- ditionibus fupradiftis, etiamfi comiilarius qui g tempore fuerit habeat firmam manerii de Blene et Kothe Courte ad comodum et ufum fuum. Comiffionem autem hofpitalis pdict' fi facta fuerit alteri quam fuffiagraneo vel coniiffario qui f p tempore fuerit, vel pdicto non exaclo feu pftito juramento T fore volumus ipfo jure irritam et inanem. " Refervata nobis et fuccefforibus nris archiepis Cantuar' hujufmodi ordinationi nre addendi, detrahendi, eamque mutandi et corngendi, prout expedite- videbitur, plenaria poteftate. " Adtum et datum in manerio iiro deLambhith vicefimo menfis Mairj A. D. 15^9, ct noftre confecrationis, a. x c . Matthecs Cantuar';, • Thcfe Ordinations and Statutes were contrived to agree, as far as might be, with the original foundation of. the hofpital, and with the former flatutcs made by Archbifhop Stratford, as will appear by the following particulars, . in> which they are compared together. Stratfokp. Parxfr.-- Bl fi votivus nr invalefcat affechis, de- Paftoralis officii debiturrr merito nos «• cus et lomodum locorum ad miferabilium follicitat ur locoruni priorum nobis po j)k)naiurn et paupcrum receptionem et tifiime . fubdilOtum coffioditatil us his p.'CV.ilU 39' A N T I QJV I T I E S IN KEN t. Stratford. fuftentationem divinique culuis augtnen- tum provide deputatoruai nobis po- tilllme fubdirorum quatenus poffumus f p curare : Tamen confervatio et rele- vamen neceffariurn hofpit'de Eaflbridge p beatum et gloiiofum martyrem fundati antiqintus et dotati — pro pauperum pe- regrinorum Cantuar' confluentium re- cep;ionc nofturna, ec fulientatione ali- quali. — p ipfius hofpitalis incuriam tna- grorum, qui nemora ejus profternunt, eaque et alia jura, poffeffiones, et bona illius tarn mobilia quam iffiobilia varus alienari modis temere pfumunt — in do- mibus etiam i'uis deformitates evidentes in tantum patitur.et ruinas — — peregrinos admittere non valebit — — Nos ad ppetuam rei memoriam fuper his certos modum et formam in hofpit' pd' in perpetuum obfervandos edere feu conftituere duximus, et taliter ordinamus, viz. Quod in ipfo hofp' p nos et fuccef- fores nros archiep' Cant' pfonatur feu pficiatur talis magr, qui tempore, quo ponetur feu ^ficietur eidem, fit in fa- cerdotali ordine conftitutus. Magrum etiam quemlibet hujufmodi cum ipium hofp' primo adeptus fuerit intra menfem feq' prox' de ipfius hofp' bonis fingulis figillatim et fpecifice in- ventarium plenum conficere, ipfiulque copiam infra menfem eundem tradere. — Annis fingulis inter Sti Mich' et Om- nium Sanctorum fefta de adminiftratione lira reddere plenam et diflindtam volu- mus rationem. Parker. pfertim que ad divini cultus augmentuni ac miferkbilum pfonarum lultentati- onem piinent, quantdcum Deo po (Turn us opportuno provifonis remedio lubvenia- mus, ut ea que ab initio pie fundata vej flabilita. — Inter alias autem hofpit' patronatus cura nos folicitos reddit — — pro receptione noflurna et aliqua fuf- tentatione pauperum peregrinantium ad dictam civitatem confluentium fun- datum. — Bona etiam, ficut accepimus, ne- mora, pofTefliones, acalia jura dicti hof- pitalis de verifimile dilapidationi et dif- fipationi fubjiciuntur — -et, quod miferrimum eft, pauperes juftis elemofinis ibm defraudantur. —Ad perpetuam rei memoriam, ac difti hofpitalis coniodum et utilitatem, fie duximus ordinand', et ordinamus, in hunc qui fequitur modum, viz. Quod per nos vel fucceffores iiros Cantuar' arChiepos vir nominetur et pfi- ciatur futurus magr hofp' pd', qui $ tempore hujufmodi admiffionis — in facro prefbyteratus ordine conftitutus fuerit. Et quod infra unum menfem poft- quam di&um hofp' de fingulis ipfius hofp' bonis figillatim et fpecifice plenum conficiet inventarium, cujus veram co- piam, quam cito commode potent, ex- hibebit. Atque finguli6 annis intra feftum Sti Mich' Archi, et 12 diem Novembr* proxirne feq' de adminiftratione bono- rum, fructuum, proventionum, jurium et reddit' diet' hofp' ,p anno finito in fefto Sti Mich' antedicto, nobis et fucceff' nris, feu alicui alteri ad hoc per nos deputato, plenam et diftinctam raconem reddat, cum requifitws fuerit. Ordi- EASTBRIDGE II O S P I T A L. 5 Ordinamus [iterea quod ad d'.cli ; ■•difpofitionem et curam folicitam, frudtus, redduus, ec proventus, di&ique tot ins hofp' regimen pertineant, cum modera- mine infra fcripto in peregrihorum ufiis, ad ipforum vite fubildium, diebus finguHs ad 4 denartum eftimationem de bonis help' pdicV volumus expendi. In fata decedentes ibm in cemiterio Fire Cantuar' eccte fepeliantur in loco ad hoc antiquitus iignato. Sani peregrini pauperes accedentes ibm p noftem unamrecipiantur, duntaxat p peregrinos valetudinarios pauperes illuc confluentes cum fanis tarn ad moram quint ad vite fubfidia in eilimationem pdi&am pcipienda fanis anteferri volu- mus. Quod fi dierum aliquo in ufus pdicV peregrinorum de bonis hofp', &c. ver- batim. In hofpit' autem pdifto 12 leftos com- petentes ordinamus. Ac mulierem aliquam honefte vite, &c. verbatim. Et ad ordinationem pfentem ifi fingu- lis fuis pticulis, Sec. verbatim. Refervata nobis, &c. verbatim. Volumus cr . ! . ad !i£ti n i difpofitionem e; curam folicitam, frui redduus, et proventus, diclique totius hofp' regimen pertineant, cum moder.-.- minc intra (crip'o ad fublevandos milites valetudinarios bellove lefos p diflam ci- vitatem prqfiGifcentes, vel redcuntcs, ad fu'iium 4d. k p numero fingulorum dieium in anno. Qui in fata i?>m decedent in cemi- terio are eccte Cam' fepeliantur in loco ad hoc antiquitus fi^nato. Sani illuc accedentes, n habentes de fuo, p no&em recipiantur unam, valetu- dinarios autem, modo ne leprofi finr, cum fanis confluences tarn ad moram quani ad vite fubfidia juxta eftimationem pdiflam fanis volumus anteferri. Quod fi dierum aliquo in ufus pdi&' pauperum militum de bonis hofp', &c. verbatim. In hofp' pd' 12 leftos competentes, &c. verbatim. Ac mulierem aliquam honefle vite, verbatim. Et ordinationem pfentem in fingulis fuis articulis, &c. verbatim. Refervata nobis, Sec. verbatim. Inftead of li poor pilgrims," Archbifliop Parker provides for " poor and maimed foldiers, that mould pafs forward and back- *' ward through Canterbury j" after the fame manner in which pilgrims were provided for ; which was a fit "and feafon able al- teration ; becaufe now pilgrims ceafed to refort hither ; but the frequent wars between England and France caufed frequent marches of foldiers to pafs through the city. G g g Some 394 ANTIQUITIES IN KENT. Some brief Remarks upon the Statutes and Ordinances of Archbifhop Parker. i. He had a particular regard to the intention of the founder of this hofpital, and in correfpondence thereunto he appointed 4d. a day, for every day of the year, to be expended in the lodging and entertaining of poor, fick, and maimed foldiers, inftead of poor pilgrims ; and in thofe times there were frequent marches of foldiers through Canterbury, by realbn of the wars between England and France. But becaufe wars fometimes ceafe, and in times of peace filch objects of charity leem more rare, and thereby, for want of fick foldiers to be relieved, the money raifed by the hofpital-rents might be employed poffibly to private ufes, and the charity defigned thereby might be alto- gether perverted ; he prevents this by appointing in times of peace 3od. to be paid every week to 30 poor people at the hof- pitahdoor on Fridays, at nine in the morning, if it be no holyday, and at twelve, if it be a holyday ; the reafon was, that the poor might not wait for alms at the hofpital-door at iuch hours as prayers were celebrated in the cathedral church J . He appoints alfo xii beds, to be maintained in the hofpital for the convenience of iuch poor or fick foldiers as fhould re- iort thither ; and an aged woman, of honeft report, to look alter the beds, and to provide neceffaries for the poor and fick that fhould lodge in them. 1. He had a lingular regard to the quality of the mafter who fhould prefide in the hofpital, and be intrufted with a faith- ful clifpenfation of fo great charities as this hofpital did afford ; he mult be one ordained in the holy priefthood ; he muft be a prieft of great note and dignity, either the commiffary- general, or the lord bifhop fuffragan for the time being ; he muft, at his admiffion, take an oath for a faithful difcharge of his office 1 By this it appears, that in queen Elizabeth's reign divine fervice was performed in the cathedral on hulydays only. in E A S T E R I D G E II O S P IT A L. 395 in governing the faid hofpital ; he muft make and deliver n perfect inventory of all the goods belonging to the hofpital ; and he mult once a year (if it be required of him) pafs his accompts concerning his faithful administration of his truff. 3. That the goods and rents of the hofpital may feem at the mailer's own pleafure, he is limited by the flatutes to a cer- tain falary; namely, 61. 13s. 4d. which is properly his own; and he cannot honeftly take to himfelf any more of the hofpital rents to his own private ufe : only, befides this fum, he is allowed 12 loads of wood, a fmall and poor falary for the undertaking fo great an office ! fo that the mafter by this fmall falary mews, that he undertakes the care and trouble of this hofpital more for charity-fake than for the fake of gain and profit to himfelf. 4. For fuch as die in the hofpital, he confirms the grant of being buried in the church-yard belonging to the cathedral, as of old before was granted unto them. 5. He appoints two books, in one of which were regiftered the number, names, Sec. of fuch as mould lodge within the hofpital, at the charge of the hofpital. In the other, the day, month, year, and names of thofe that die in the hofpital were to be regittered, 6. Becaufe ignorance had univerfally overfpread the face of the world, for the promoting of learning and knowledge, he appointed a fchooi to be kept in the faid hofpital, wherein 2 poor children were to be taught to read, fing, and write, gratis, and to be furnifhed with books, pens, ink, and paper accordingly, at the charge of the hofpital ; and he appoints a competent falary for the teacher of the faid children. 7. He enjoins thrice a week prayers to be faid in the chapel of the hofpital ; and the children to be prefent at the fame, and to ling the prayers with a loud voice. 8. He appoints exhibitions for two fcholars in Bene't College, Qg g 2 in 39 6 A N T I C^U ITIES IN KENT. in Cambridge, to be paid out of the hofpital revenues towards.- the maintaining of them in the univerfity. 9. After all thefe payments and charges, as alfo the charges of reparations and other neceffary expences, the remainder of the money, which fhould arife from the hofpital-rents, was to. be diftributed among poor people, be it more or lefs. 10, That he fhould once a year read thefe ftatutes publickly,. and with a loud voice, in prefence of the poor people that meet together to take the alms. it. The mafter was not to make leafes of the lands, SiC- without the confent of the Archbifhop for the time being. 12. He refcrved a power to himfelf and his fucceffors, to> alter, amend, diminifh, or increafe thefe ftatutes, as he or. they, fhould fee fit. Dr. Lawfe's ' opinion concerning the burying of the poor bre* thren and fillers that dye in the hofpital of Eaftbridge, in the: city of Canterbury. " The words of the ordinance of Archbifhop Stratford, made anno 1342, and confirmed by the prior and convent the fame day and year, are thefe : " Peregrini fiquidem valetudinarii pauperes quos arripit inrirmitas in fue pere- grinaconis itinere, non leprofi, in hoipitali iufcipiantur eodem : ec in fata decedentes lBm in cemiterio nre Cantuar'eccla lepeliantur in loco ad hoc antiquitus afiignato." *• The words of my lord's grace of Canterbury his ordinance that, now is, and confirmed by act. of parliament anno Elizabethe. nunc regine 27 , are thefe : " Alfo it is ordered, that if any of the in-brethren or fifters, mafter or fchool- mailer aforefud, fhall fortune to dye there, then the perfon fo deceafing (hall and may be buried within the church-yard f Chrift, in Canterbury, according to a former agreement made between the Archbilhop, his padeceffor, and the prior and convent of the faid church.' f a jj " The place is well known to divers now belonging to the church, and the hofpital poor have by your confent been buried, 1 The 31ft matter. See p. 373, ever EASTBRIDGE HOSPITAL 597 ever fithence the faid act of parliament ; and touching the altering of the irate of the church and hoipital, fithence the prior and convent there, I take it that all interefts and rights in this behalfe have been referved from time to time. " Thomas Lawse." Queen Elizabth fent her writ to certain commiflioncrs, to enquire into the ftate of the hofpital of Eaftbridge ; which commiflioners made the following return : " I. Imprimis, Quod reverendiffimus pater et dominus, dominus Thomas Becker, hofpitale de Eaftbrydge, in civitate Cant', inftituit etiundavit

fingulas ieptimanas expendatur. •' 12. Item, Quod v. 'em hofpitali 20 pueii lupra etatem 7 annorum et infra etatem 1-8 annorum aiJ ndiim, eantandum, et pulchrc fcribendum gratis ppetuo ceantur. " 13. Quod de re 'us dicri hofpitalis folvatur duobus fcholafticis in collegio Corp' Chrilti et Mr, .antabrigia qur canriis libre xiii et iiii denarii. " 14. Item, Q fee omnia et fingula a difto vicefimo die Maii, una cum aliis in dicta or ione penes magrurn ibm re^anend', contends, fideliter quo- tanni-; pimpleti ..vara et cuftccita fuerunt et funt in pfenti. n In cuiu ilimonium, &c." By tlv t claulV it appears that this return was made in fa- vour oi" the hofpital, and probably by the direction of Arch- bilhop Parker, who in them is called " nunc Archiep'us." Archbifhop Parker, befides his care of preferving and - ftoring the hofpital and the revenues thereof to pious and cha- ritable ufes, did not only make wife and good ftatutes for the well government thereof, but alfo he himfelf for feveral years took the accounts of the hofpital, ordered the laying out of money for the necefTary reparation of the edifices and tenements which belong to it, and paid the receiver of the rents, June 16, 1569 (in which year he made the new ftatutes for the government of the hofpital) the fum of 10I. 17&. 4c!. which, as far as I can difcern from the faid accounts, feems to be a free gift out of his own pocket. The words are thefe ; " Received of my Cord's Grace, June 16, 1569, the fum of 10I. 17s. 4d." lie alfo received of the mailer of the hofpital, and paid to Eene't College in Cambridge, the yearly penfion for two fcholars, as appears from feveral acquittances under his own hand. Hence it appears that he took a particular and lingular care for the efit of the poor to be relieved by the hofpital. Nofoone r \ as archbifhop Parker dead, than this hofpital, with its Lies, was immediately feized upon, and became a prey to EASTBRIDGE HOSPITAL. 399 to one John Farneham, one of her majefty's gentlemen-pen- fioners, to whom the queen gave it in fee-farm upon con- fkleration of fervices : The method was this ; Anno R. R. Eliz. 17. Notwithstanding the favourable return of the former writ, and good accompt certified thereby con- cerning the hofpital, that all popifli and fuperftitious ufages were abolifhed, that great and excellent charities were duly ob- ferved and performed by relieving the poor and needy, by teach- ing of young children, and maintaining two fcholars in the univerfity, and the like ; yet a new commiflion was now granted to Sir James Hales, Sir George Hart, knights, Mr. Wotton, and others, to enquire and certify the eftate of Eaftbridge hofpital in Canterbury, who accordingly certified into her Majefty's court of Exchequer, " That the fame hofpital-houfe flood then ruinated, and neyther mailer nor " brethren were regynt or dwelling of long time: the houfe let out into " tenements for yearly rent : the beds, that were there wont to lodge and " harbour poor people refcrting thither, were gone and fold, contrary to the " old order and foundation of the fame : and the laid hofpital to be rc- " linquifhed and concealed from her majeily, &c." Whereupon, by her letters patent under the great feal, dated July 20, A. R. R. Eliz. 18, me gave the laid hofpital to the faid John Farneham. John Farnham did not long keep pofTeifion of the hofpital ; but fold and conveyed her majefty's faid gift thereof, in as large and ample manner and form as her highncfs had given and granted the fame, unto one G. Hayes, in confederation of money owing to him the faid G. Hayes from the faid J. Farneham, and more paying in hand, to the value of 550L; and for fon. time it remained in his pofieffion. 2 For 4 o ANTi QJ> 1 T I E S IN" KENT. For proof of her majetty's title to difpofe of the hofpital and the revenues belonging thereunto, this was pretended. " The faid hofpital was founded a corporation of mailer and brethren, for the maintaining of " pauperum peregrinorum illuc " coniiuentium," with lodging, fire, bread, and drink, for a night, two or three, wherein were maintained in the faid hof- pital-houfe viij beds, furnifhed, in one chamber, for men, and iiij beds in another chamber for women ; all which beds, at the time of the vifitation of the faid commiflioners, were fold and gone ; and no hofpitality or relief for the poor, neither matter nor brethren there recyent or dwelling, Sec." . - " To prove the faid corporation, the governors of the faid hofpital have been, time out of mind, incorporated by the name of " Matter and Brethren ;" and were fo accepted, re- puted, known and taken, from time to time ; and were fued, charged, and diflreined by that name ; and under and by that name of " Matter and Brethren/' all their lands were purchafed, given, and taken.; And all their licenfes of mortmain were fued out under and upon that name, as may appear by divers records, as enfueth ; the copies whereof are extant, under the officers hands, to be feen. " p donaconem certarum terrarum quas Hamo de Blene, Ricardus Creviqucr, et alii dederur.t magro et fratribus hofpit' pdidr.', ut patet de rtcordo in anno 17 Edw' Ildi. " p donationem quam Adam Ever fecit de certis terr' magro et fratribus hofpit' pd', ui paiet de recordo anno 29 Edw' III. " p donaconem quam archiepus Stratford fecit de recloria de Harbaldown magro et fratribus hofpit' pd', ut de recordo anno 17 Edw'tertii." The faid archbifhop in his ordinances inhibits them to have a common feal J from thenceforth ; which argueth they were a corporation, and had a common feal. This cenmnn feal having been loft or purloined, the prefefit mafter, Mr. Archdeacon Backhoufc, has lately, it his own expencc, fupplied the hofpital with another- « Item /'/.> i.p.&U. EASTBRIDGE HOSPITAL. 401 " Item, They were fued, charged, and diftrayned by the name of Matter and Brethren, ut patet de recordo, anno xii Ric. Ildi. " Item, They were licenfed and protected by the king, by the name of Mailer and Brethren, ut de recordo > in anno 17 Edw' Ildi. " Item, They had a common feal fince the inhibition of Arch- bilhop Stratford's ordinance, as may appear by an old deed, dated in A. D. 1474. " The qneftion hence is this, — Whether is the faid cor- poration dillblved or not ? viz. at the time of the certificate of her faid Majetly's commiflioners, when there was neither mailer or brethren there recyent or dwelling ; but the hofpital-houfe let out into tenements for yearly rent, as aforefaid ? " If the corporation be then diflblved, whether the queen's Majefty have not title to the lands given to the body incorporate, as well by efcheat, relinquishment, or otherwife, by the ilatutes of the realm :" This was the argument in law ufed and- urged in behalf of Mr. Hayes, to maintain his titles to the faid lands by the grant of queen Elizabeth ; which argument may be thus anfwered. The hofpital was not founded a corporation of mailer and brethren, as is afTerted ; but a fpittle under the government of a mailer, who was to relieve poor pilgrims reforting thither, out of the revenues of the faid hofpital, 8cc. " All the beds, at the time of the vifitation of the commif- fioners, were fold and gone." This might be true ; and yet no argument of the diflblution of the government thereof; but only of the male adminitlration of the fame : it does not prove that there was no mailer, but rather that there was a bad mailer, who fold and made walle of the hofpital goods ; and it feems ilrange, that no fooner was archbilhop Parker dead, who took Hhb a fpecial 4 02 ANTIQUITIES IN KENT. a fpecial care of the hofpital, but immediately it is certified, that the beds were fold and gone, and no hofpitality or relief was given to the poor. " Neyther matter nor brethren there recyent or dwelling." The non-refidence of the mafter doth not argue that he did relinquifh or abdicate his charge ; but only that he was defective in his duty, fo far as concerned refidence. He was ftill mafter, and was then mafter. No ordinance required the refidence of brethren ; for refident brethren were contrary to the foundation and ordinances of the hofpital, which was built and endowed for the entertainment of ftrangers and travelleis, not permanent, but of tranfient brethren ; and not of brethren only, but of brethren and lifters. His proof of the corporation. " That the governors of the hofpital have been time out of mind incorporated by the name of Mafter, and were fo accepted, reputed, known, and taken, from time to time, &c. of which he brings particular inftances ; as by and under that name of Mafter and Brethren all their lands were purchafed, given, and taken." Anfwer to this : It is a great miftake ; for under the name of Mafter and Brethren, a very fmall portion of their lands were given ; for the name and title varied according to the particular fancies of the donors and benefactors ; of which take inftances. The flrft charter of archbifhop Hubert is, " Hofpitali S'ti " Thome de Eftbrug :" and he calls the inhabitants or governors " Fratres hofpitalis" [S. Thome.] See p. 303. The bulls of pope Innocent and Honorius are directed " Rec- " tori et fratribus hofp' 8cc." See pp. 305, and 314. The EASTBRIDGE HOSPITAL. - hofpital', by us, John Li vis, ■: pi % bridge Hofpitak Tho. D ~ 1 . Maj i, ' .. . Book, &e 4 o8 A N T I QJJ 1TIES IN KENT. " And it is ordered, That if any of the in-brethren or fillers, mafter or lchoof mailer aforefaid, fhall fortune to dye, then the perfon fo deceafing (hall and may be buried within the church-yard of the cathedral and metropolitical church of Chrift, in Canterbury, according to a former agreement made between the laid archbiihop's predeceiTors and the then prior and convent of the faid church. " And it is further ordered, That whofoever fhall hereafter be inftituted and induced mafter of the faid hoipital (hall take a corporal oath upon the holy Evan- gelifts, before the faid archbifhop for the time being, to obferve, perform, or cauie to be obierved and performed, all the ordinances aforeluid, and fuch as lhall be hereafter let down by the archbifhop of Canterbury for the time being, as much as in him lieth •, and it (hull be lawful for the faid archbifhop for the time being, from time to time, to make new decrees and ordinances tending to the increafe of the revenue, further relief, and better government of the laid hoipital, or of the goods, lands, tenements, or other hereditaments, thereto belonging, fo as the faid decrees and ordinances be not repugnant to thefe ordinances, or to the common laws or ftatutes of this realm. In witnefs whereof we have hereunto put our leal, dattd at our manor of Lambeth, the day and year firft abovelaid, anno confecrationis nortre fecundo. ' Thefe ordinances are confirmed by act of parliament, which act was obtained by the fole care and induitry of archbifhop Whitgift ; and he not only procured the act. to be paffed, but had the chief hand in framing and contriving of the fame : for he gave directions to fome eminent lawyer to draw up the bill to be prefented to the parliament ; and when he had done this, he reviewed and ftricily confidered the feveral claufes of the faid bill, and with his own hand made feveral confiderable amendments ; the particulars whereof are thefe, which 1 have taken out of the original itfelf. The bill drawn up The amendments of it by the arch- by the lawyer. biihop's own hand-writing. " No title. " An act for the better foundation and relief of the poor of the hofpital of Eaftbrridge, within the city of Canterbury. " Whereas a certain hof- " Whereas a certain hofpital within the city of Can- pital within the city of terburv, now commonly called or known by the Canterbury, commonly cal- name — led or known by the name — Hofpital of St. Thomas Hofpital of St. Thomas, founded and endowed, as the Martyr, founded as yt it is alledged, by certain archbifhops of Canterbury, of ys reported in ancient writ- one mafter and his fuccelfors. ings, by Thomas Btcket, archbifhop of Canterbury, of a mafter and facctflbrs. " A free EASTBRIDGE HOSPITAL. 409 • { A free-fchool for cer- tain children. " The archbiihop of Canterbury that now is. " After the expiration of certain leafes. " Wherein are xxj years to come, or thereabouts. " The faid number of poor, and portion. " Is but xxiij 1. per an- num. " The yearly charge. " Will amount to 60 1. " For the relief of the faid poor. The bill drawn up by the lawyer. " Be it ordained and enacted, by the authoiity of this prefent parliament. " That the faid ordi- nance made of the faid hoipital by the now arch- bifhop, and every claufe. " A free-fchool for a certain number of poor chil- dren. " John, now archbifhop of Canterbury. " After the expiration, or determination, of certain leafes. " Wtierein are not above xx and one years to. come. " The faid number of poor, and the faid portion. iC Is but xxiij 1. xviij s. ix d. per annum. " The charge yearly. " Will amount unto 60 1. " For relief of the faid poor. The bill amended by the Archbifhop. " Be it ordained and enacted, by the queen's mod: excellent Majefty, with the aflent of the lords fpiritual and temporal and the commons in this prefent par- liament affembled, and by che authority of the fame. " That the lands, tenements, and hereditaments, and other pofleflions, now belonging to the faid hoipital, or reputed as part or parcel thereof, may and fliall for ever remain unto the matter of the laid hoipital, and his fucceffor?, matters of the fame, and be em- ployed to the godly and charitable ufes limited and appointed by the faid ordinance of the faid mod re- verend father the archbifhop of Canterbury that now is; and that the laid ordinance ' made of the laid hoipital by the faid prefent archbifhop, and every claufe. Memorandum, the Oath added by the Archbifhop. The lawyer's opi- nion. " This is provided for in ™ Memorandum, To procure a form of corporation the ordinance. for the faid hofpital, to be drawn of a mafkr and his fucceflbrs, and for a feal of the faid hoipital. " » Bearing date the 2c th of July, 1584. And that the faidovdinar.ee, together with this prefent att, (hall be enrolled in the court, ot chancery and exchequer, within 40 days after the end of this feflion of parliament. I i i < : Fie 4 io A N T I Q_U I T I E 5 IN KENT. " He can make no leafe " Item, A claule . to make void all leafes for a by the ordinance, without longer time than the continuance of the gvanter, the confent of the arch- unlefs fuch leafes be confirmed by the archbiihop of bilhop. Canter! ury for the rime being, under his feal; and fuch fo to be confirmed not to exceed 21 years, or three lives at the uttermofh " It is enacted, That he " Item, A claufe to authorife the archbifhop of Can- ihall prefent, &c* terbury, and his fucceffors, to be patrons and vifitors of the laid hofpital from time to time, and as oft as need fhall require •, yet at his or their own proper coils and charges, and not of any the charges of the laid hofpital. An Act for the better foundation and relief of the poor of the holpital of Eaitbridge, within the city of Canterbury. " Whereas a certain hofpital within the city of Canterbury, now commonly called or known by the name of the hofpital of Eaftbridge, alias the hofpital of SfJ Thomas, founded and endowed, as it is alledged, by certain archbifhops of Can- t::'Lury, of one mailer and his fucceffors. which' -mailer hath been always fince of the collation of the archbiihop ot Canterbury for the time being, and intlituted and inducled into the fame ; and by the fir ft ordinance hath and might take all the profits of the laid hofpital to his own ufe, bellowing only for the relief of wander- ing and wayfaring brethren and poor, in bread and drink, after the rate of 4d. the day, and one night's lodging for 12 perlons;(if .fo many come thither at one time), in the whole not above fix pounds, two '(hillings and fix-pence per annum, until the time of the moll reverend Father in God Matthew Parker, late archbiihop of Can- terbury, who, by authority in a former ordinance, concerning the dilpofition of the profits of the faid hofpital to him and his fucceffors archbifhops of Canterbury, relcrved to alter and change the fame, did, by his ordinance in that behalf made, under his hand and feal, not only increafe the faid fum of fix pounds two fhillings and fix-pence to be from thenceforth bellowed weeklv upon poor uncertain inha- biting within the county and city of Canterbury, but alio appointed other fums of money thereout yearly, to be paid towards the keeping of a free-fchool for a cer- tain number of poor children of the county of the city of Canterbury, to be taught to write and read freely within the faid hofpital, and towards the finding of certain fcholars in the univeriitv of Cambridge, and other like good ufes. . And whereas the moft reverend Father in God John, now archbiihop of Canterbury, finding the yearly profits of the laid hofpital to be greater than the yearly charges of thole good ufes, appointed by the laid ordinances, hath, by his ordinance, made under his hand and feal, concerning the government of the faid hofpital, and dif- I ( fition of the yearly profits thereof, not only decreed thofe former laft recited good 3 to have continuance for ever, but alio hath greatly augmented and increafed the portions of thofe former ordinances appointed for poor uncertain inhabiting within EAST B R IDGE HOSPITAL, 4 u '.in the faid city of Canterbury, and converted the fame to the relief of cer- poor brethren and lifters, to be permanent within the faid hofpital, with a com- petent yearly ftipend for their maintenance, ami with a prov'-'o, that after th piration or determination of certain Ieafes of the iands of the faid hofpital, v are not above twenty and one years to come, the faid number of poor, and the laid portion, (hall be further increafed ; that is to fay, from ten Co twenty poor brethren and fillers, and from the now allowance of .thirteen pounds, fix fhiliings and eight-pence per annum for their relief, then after the expiration or the faid ieafes, to twenty-fix pounds thirteen fhiliings and four-pence per annum for ever. After which proportion, whereas the valuation of the whole hofpital, by record in the exchequer, is but twenty-three pounds, eighteen fhiliings, and nine-pence, the charges yearly out of the profits of the faid hofpital, then to be employed to good and charitable ufes, will amount unto fixty pounds per annum, or thereabouts, be- fides a further increafe of relief for the faid poor brethren and fifters, after the : • piration of the faid Ieafes. Therefore, to avoid all fcruples, ambiguities, and qn tions which hereafter may be moved againft the good perpetuitv and continuance of the laid hofpital, Be it ordained and enacted, by the queen's moll: excellent W jefty, with the affent of the lords fpiritual and temporal, and the commons, this prefent parliament affembled, and by the authority of the fame : " That the lands, tenements, and hereditaments, and other poiTeffior.s now longing to the faid hofpital, or reputed as part or parcel thereof, may and fhall for ever remain unto the mailer of the faid hofpital and his fucceffors, matters of the fame, and be employed to the godly and charitable ufes limited and appointed by the faid ordinance of the faid moft reverend Father the archbifhop of Canterbury that now is, bearing date the 20th of July, one thoufand five hundred eighty ai four, and that the faid ordinance, together with this prefent ad, fhall be en- rolled in the court of chancery and exchequer, within 40 days after the end of this ieffion of parliament ; and the faid ordinance made of the faid hofpital by the faid archbifhop, and every claule, article, and thing therein contained, fhall and may remain and continue in full force and virtue according to the tenor, purport, and true meaning thereof, to all intents and purpofes, and in manner and form as if the fame were in this prefent act efpccially and particularly mentioned and re- hearfed, and by the authority aforefaid enacted and confirmed, any thing to the contrary notwithftanding. " Saving to all and every perfon and perfons, other than the queen's majeftv, her heirs and iucceffors, and other than the donors, founders, and luch as may claim from, by, or under them, or any or them, all fuch eftate, right, title, interefr, rents, and fervices, as they have, or may have, into the fame, or any part thereof, any thing herein contained to the contrary notwithftanding. " Provided always, That whereas there is a vearly rent of feven pounds ten fhiliings illuing out of the lands of the faid hofpital, and paying yearly unto the queen's majeftv, her heirs and fucceffors, by reafon of a chantery that was founded in the fame hofpital : " Be it therefore enacted, by the authority aforefaid, That her Highnefs, her heirs and Iucceffors, fhall and may have, receive, and enjoy the faid yearly rent of 1 i i 2 leven 4 i2 ANTIQUITIES IN K E N T. feven pounds ten (hillings, any thing in this adt above- mentioned to the contrary uotwithftanding. " Provided alio, and be it enacted, by the authority aforefaid, That it fhall not be lawful to any archbifhop of Canterbury to make any ordinance or decree to be obferved by the matter of the laid hofpital of Eattbridge, or any other under the iurifiiidion of the faid mailer, which (hall be contrary or repugnant to the laws or tutes of tiiis realm, now in force ; and that the oath to be adminiftered to the matter of the laid hofpital, mentioned in the faid ordinance, fhall be fuch as here- after enfueth ; viz. " That he (hall, as much as in him lyeth, duly obferve all the ordinances and decrees contained if) an ordinance ratified by parliament, in the twenty- feventh year of the reign of queen Elizabeth, and all other which be or fhall be made by any archbittiop of Canterbury for the time being, which fhall not be contrary or repugnant to the laws or ftatutes of this realm in force, the laft day of the feffion of parliament, held in the 27th year of the reign of queen Elizabeth. t; And be it likewife enadted, That none hereafter fhall be collated to the matter- fhip of the faid hofpital of Eattbridge, except he be a preacher allowed according to the laws and ttatutes of this realm now in force. " Exam', Vera Copia. " John Walker, Deput' " John Brown, Cleric' Parliament'." An order, that the hrethren and lifters of the hofpital of Eaft- bridge may refort to the parifli church of Allhallows, to prayers, preaching, and the facraments. " Hofpital' de Eatt* Decimo feptimo die Januarii, anno Domini juxta bridge. computationem eccle Anglicane 1585, coram vene- rabili viro magro Stephano Lakes, legum doclore, civitat' et diocef Cantuar' comifiario generali legitime deputato in eccla parochiali dive Margarete intra civi- tatem Cantuar' judicialr feden' in pfentia mei Leonardi Sweeting, Notarii publici, propter ablentiam magri l'rancifci Aldric, Notarii publici regettrarii affumpti. Quo die comparuerunt pfonaliter Thomas Bateman, et Johannes Charitie, fratres in hoipital' de Laftbridge, in civitate Cantuar', exempte jurifdiclionis r'mi Cantuar' arthiepi qui tarn nominibus fuis quam aliorum panperum fratrum et fororum dicti hoipitahs allegaverunc fe haclenus ad nullam ecclam parochialem attignari et a mitti, unde humiliter petkrunt fe per clom judicem affignatain admitti in aliquam tcciam paroqhialcm a.rbitrio domini judicis alhgnand' unde dominus ad eoruin pet'.tionera decrevit et afilgnavit in forma fequenti; viz. Quod quilibet pauperum fratrum et iororum dicli hofpitalis ecclam parochialem Omnium Sanctorum in civitate Cantuar', vocat' vulgariter Alhallowes, ad audiend' divina diebus dominicia et EA STB RIDGE HOSPITAL. 413 et feflivis frequentabunt, et ad pticipand' Euchariftiam in eadcm, juxta jura, con- ftituta, et conluetudinem hujus regni Anglie modo ftabilk' nee non ir.junxit eis ad folvend' miniftro dictc cede pro tempore exiften' feoda facramentaria prout juris eft et equitatis (falvis femper r'mo archiepo Cantuar', et ejus comiffario generali civitat' et dioccl' Cantuar' et aliis lliis ofliciariis teftamentorum approbationibus il>m decedentium ac bonorum hujuimodi derunftorum adminiftrationis comiffionibus de tempore in tempus, ac feodis conftitucis, &c.) Et dominus, ad eorum petitioncs, decrevit hoe decretum intimand' fore cuncTis interefie habentibus dictis fratribus confenf et acceptan', &c. " Concordat cum acYis curie penes regrum curias comf' archiepalis Cantuar' remainum, facY diligenti collatione p meWiltm Somner, notarium publicum, magri Francifci Aldriche, regrarii, deputat'. Lib. Attorum, 1584, folio 24. Ocft. 11, 1587. Ex regiftro hofpitalis. " It was ordered, That every of the in -brothers of the hof- pital, in courfe, fhall weekly lock the door of the hofpital every night after the corfeu bell hath rung, immediately, and deliver the key unto the fchool-mafter of the the Laid hofpital; and that none of them fhall burn any wood but in the chimney and common place appointed for that purpofe, upon pain of admo- nition, according to ordinance. " Thomas Lawse, [Matter, j' " Thofe who dye in the hofpital, and are to buried in the church-yard of the cathedral church, according to the ihitutcs of the hofpital, are to be buried on the weit-fide of the cloyfters ; the ancient accuilomed place." Seethe regifter, A. D. 1614.1 In Mr. Battely's MS. in this place follows;, 1. A rental of the revenues belonging to the hofpital of F.atf bridge, made anno 29, R. R. Eliz. A. D. i 5 8t, Oft. 10. 2. A terrier of lands belonging to the hofpital of Eaftbridge, made June 10, 1596, with a letten by leafe, to John Cheefe, which lie in Cockering, containing by c it i mation 30 acres, and lie in 8 feveral parcels. This terrier was made, after the deceafe of the faid John Ch-. efe, by Edward Sti who married the wife of the faid John CheefCj who bath her life in the laid leafe. 3. Arii - < r 4 ANTIQUITIES IN KENT. 3. Articles of agreement made the 12th of July, in the 3;ft year of our fo- veicicn lady queen Elizabeth, between John Boys, efquire, and John Rofe, alder- man of the city of Canterbury. Scaled and delivered in the .prcfer.ee of Jo. Cantuar' r R. Dover *. Win, Aubrey. 4. Memorandum, That the dean and chapter of the cathedral church of Chrift, in Canterbury, by decree in their chapter-general, holden at the Feaft of St. John the Baptilt, ) 585, did give one fmall bell, called a Wackerel, to the ufe of the hofpital of Eafibridge, to be hanged up in the chape!, for the calling together of the brothers and fillers to their appointed fervice there. (Taken out of the regifter book of tl.e hofpital.) 5. Quit-rents belonging to the manor of Blean and Hoath-court. ■6. Quit-rents unpaid for many years, 1724. 7. Quit-rents of Blean manor, 1725. 8. An account of the fcveral leafes of Cockering farm. 9. Leales of Pitholes in Harboldown, and Lompits in St. Dunftone's parifh. 10. Leales of two tenements in St. Peter's parifh, and half an acre of meadow in Medlane. 1 1. Leafes of the King's-head, in All Saints parifh. 12. Leafes of two fmall pieces of land in St. Peter's parifh. 13. Leafes of Mrs. George's houfes in High-ftrcet, in All Saints parifh. 14. Leales of Bromedune, or Long Harris Croft, in Harboldown. 15. Leafes of the tithes of Harboldown, 16. Leales of the eleven acres of land in St. Laurence-field, in the parifn of St. Mary Bredin. 17. Five tenements and a (hop. 18. Leafes of Hoath Court and Eafiry Lees, &c 19. The Mailer's houfe. 1630. John Sacket to John Jacob Vander Slaert 900 Since that it let to Mr. Tuck, for 600 Let to Mr. Tuck, at the rent of 800 20. At a Court Baron holden the 8th day of October, in the ijth year of the reign of our fovereign lady Elizabeth, &c. At the faid court it is ordered, that the furveyors appointed fhall monthly drive the common, and put all ftrangers cattle, and fuch cattle of the tenants and their farmers as be there kept above their rates limited, into the pound, until fatif- f action be made for the trefpafs done, viz. for every horfe, gelding, mare, cow, or ox. iiij d. and for every fheep ob. thone moiety to the lord, and the other to the furveyors. Item, That it is ordered, that if eny perfon do keep eny hogs upon the common unryngled, after the feaft of St. Luke next, that jhen the owner of every hog lo taken, or found unryngled, [pay] iirjd. p me, Gilb'tpm Hyde, Senefcallum ibm. Copia vera, ita teftor Nic. Batiely. ■ Archbifiiop Whitgift. 2 Dr. Roger, (uffragan bifhop, dean of Canterbury, 1584. 4 21. Blean EASTBRIDGE II O S P I T A L. 415 21. Bleak et "1 Vitus franc' pleg' cum cur' tent' ibm xmo die menfis Aprilis, Hoath. J anno regni dnc liri Elizabethe Dei gratia, Anglie, Francie, et Hibernie, regine, fidei defenf', &c. xmo. Thomas Qweylfe, Jolies Pyrkyn, Stephus Baffock, Ilenricus Crippin, Thomas Hunt, Joannes Smith, Thomas Coping, Willus Wix, Kent diem p mandatum d'ni citra prox' vifum ad ctificand' quot catalla quitet debet depafcare luper cue de Blean, et fi hoc non pofiunt quod tunc ciificant quot catalla pd' cue poteft depafcare in anno. Copia vera, ita teftor ego Nic. Battei.y. 22. Blean et 1 Vile franc' pleg' cum cur' tent' ifjm 17 Odtob. anno R. R. Eliz. Hoath. j undecimo. Elegerunt ad fupvidend' coe de Blene quod nullus pmittat porcos fuos ibm depafcare nifi prius lint annulati et quod nullus occupat coe cum pecoribus fuis nili fit tenens hujus manerii, viz. Willus Morrys, et Joannem Tredfoffe. 23. Mr. Sabine's Gift to the Hofpital. Mr. Avery Sabine, late alderman of the city of Canterbury, did, by his laftwii), give and bequeath a certain annuity, or rent charge, of :ol. per annum, for certain charitable tales, as by his will may appear more at large : for the faithful difcharge ci this truft, he appointed certain feoffees, viz. Thomas Hardres, Edward Roberts, Robert Kitchel, Thomas Gold, Thomas Treffar, William Whiting, and Leonard Brown ; and when the major part of thefe fhall dye, the feoffment is 10 be renewed ; and then follow thefe words : " The laid truftees fhall for ever hereafter pay ten marls a year, parcel of the " annuity or rent- charge of aol. a year, unto ten ooor in-brothers and filers for " the time being of the hofpital called Eaftbridge, within the city of Canterbury, " by equal payments, every year quarterly, at the Feafts afordaid, or within : 1 days next after every of the faid feafts, that is to fay, every quarter 3s. 4CI. a-piece to every of the ten brothers and fillers. " Alio, They fhall lay ouc 12I. parcell of the faid 20I. to cloath ten poor people in the city of Canterbury, on the Feaft; of St. Andrew, yearly; and the overplus fhall bear the charges of renewing the faid feoffment, or be divided between the poor, people of the city of Canterbury, as by the will is more fully expreffed. All the lands of the faid Mr. Avery Sabine, lying in Monkeron, in the Ifle of Thanet, are bound for the payment of this rent-charge. The will was dated Nov. 22, A. 1). 1643. Excerpt' ex ipfo originali, o me, Nic. Battelly. ■j- 24. A claufe taken out of Mr. Somner's will. " As to my mefiuages and hereditaments in St. Margaret's, Cant', St. Andrew's, and St. Mary Bredman, in cafe my fon dyes without iflue of his body lawfully begotten, I give the lame to Elizabeth wife of Mr. John Lukener, of the city of Canterbury, Hatter, and the heirs of her body : and for the wane of luch heirs, to the prior, brothers, and filters, of the hofpital ot Kinglbridge, and their fiidceflbrs for ever." On the like conditions he gives his lands in Chart ham, and in Roraney Marfb, to the hofpitals of Northgate and Harbledown. The will is dated Aug. 26, 16-9. 25-. An M 11 ~4 i o ANTIQUITIES IN KENT. 25. An account of the real and extended value of the feveral lands, meffuages, &c. which are let out by leafe, belonging to the hofpital, being directions for the renewing of the levies. 26. Captain Terry's houfe, the King's-head in High-ftreet, lets to the- prefent tenant, at p annum 16 o o Air. Stredv.ics, 11 acres in St. Laurence Field, now worth above 22I. p annum 22 o o Mrs. George, at full or rather more than 37 o o Mrs. Green, .5 tenements md a fiio;-) I. 2. 3« 4- 5- 5 4 3 3 3 5 10 5 o 10 10 10 o o o o o- o °l °l o o 0} 20 To Ruglton, p annum Goodm' H. Goodw' Pofly Eaftman Willmot 6. Beverton Mr. Turner, 2 tenements in St. Peter's, to Brown to Mr. Peter's Cockering rents formerly (but now they are fallen) Now not above 10!. p annum 1753, at 12 1. p annum Pitholes, p annum Lome pits, p annum Mud houfe, p annum Mr. Hall's garden Harboldown tithes, of 36 acres of hop-ground, and 24 acres of arable land, about ! — 27. A true account of the revenues of the hofpital of Eaftbridge, as it is at this day, A.D. 1691. Rents received. Leafe of Hoath-court, to the lady Head, for 3 lives 48 Leafe of Nicolas Stredvvick for 2 1 years, for 1 1 acres in St. Laurence- field, p annum 3 Leafe of Mrs. Green for 21 years, fcr Cockering lands 3 Leafe of Mr. Lowth for 21 years, for Lompits and Pitholes, and the tithes of Harboldown Leafe of Mr. Hall for land in Harboldown, and two pieces of land in St. Peter's, for 2 1 years Leafe of Mrs. Green for 40 years, for 5 tenements Leafe of Mrs. George for feveral tenements, for 40 years Leafe of Mrs. Turner for 2 tenements in St. Peter's, for 40 years Leafe of Mr. Terry for 40 years, for the King's Head, a tenement in High-ftreet 24 10 o l 5 16 o o 10 10 o o 3 12 2 o 2 12 O O O O o o o o 7180 Rent EASTBRIDGE HOSPITAL. Rent upon leafes, p annum, quarterly paid. Befides, the vault lets for, p annum i Mr. Hall pays for a piece of the matter's garden, and for the royalty of fifhing, p annum o Mr. Crifp's eltate in Burchington o Mrs. Petib's eftate in Burchington • o Dry rent ifluing out of certain tenements in and about Canterbury, (See p. 358.) 1 Quit-rents belonging to the manor of Blean (See p. 353.) 4 24 loads of wood, at 10s. p load, out of the manor 12 Hay arid ftraw to the mailer out of the manor of Blean 2 4*7 6 8 6 11 ■9 15 o o 8 8 4 r 4 o o The matter's houfe lets for 95 5 9 600 Befides thefe, are the fines upon the renewing of the leafes ; and alder- man Sabine's gift of 13 s. 4d. a-piece by the year ; which gift comes not into the matter's hand, but is paid by one of the aldermen of the city. 28. A true account of the difburfements. To the in brothers and fitters, p annum 28 To the out- brothers and lifters, p annum 13 To the fchool- matter — his wages, p annum 400* Livery-coat o 13 4 Rent-gathering 168 Additional falary upon increafe of rent in Mr. Hall's leafe 016 o Brooms to fweep the chapel, 6d. p quarter Books for the fcholars, pens, ink, and paper, formerly p annum il. the fcholars now increafing, comes to Exhibition to Benc't College Charge of fending the money to London Penfion to the king Acquic and return of money Tenths at Chriftmas Acquit Matter's falary Rent of his houfe Rent of Mr. Hall's garden Wood to the matter and the poor Making of the wood Hay and ttraw to the matter Leafe in the dry rents and quit-rents, about Formerly for fweeping the bridge (which of late hath been paid by the poor), and is now again paid by the nutter 101 5 g o 6 6 16 o 10 o 8 So there remains about 3I. p annum for the maintaining of repa- rations, and keeping of the court at Blean, and other extraordinary charges; befides the profits of the fines upon the renewing chc. leafes. Kkk 97 4 2t 29. Ben'et 4l 8 A N T I Q_U I T I E S I N K E N T. " 29. Bene't College, Cambridge. The foundation of two Scholars by Archbifhop Parker, out of Eaftbridge Hofpital, in Canterbury. " THIS indenture, made the twenty-fecond day of May, in the eleventh year of the reign of our fovereign lady Elizabeth, by the grace of God, queen of England, France, and Ireland, defender of the Faith, &c. betwixt William Morphet, clerk, mailer of the hofpital of the poor of Eaftbridge, in the city of Canterbury, on the one part, and John Pory, Dr. of Divinity, and keeper of the college of Corpus Chrifti and the blcffed Virgin Mary, in Cambridge, and the fellows and Icholars of the faid college, on the other parr, witneffeth, that the laid parties, and every of them, for them and their fucceflbrs, do covenant and grant, with the other and his or their fucceffors, in manner and form following : Firft, the faid William, mafter of the faid hofpital, with the content of the molt reverend father, Matthew, Archbifhop of Canterbury, metropolitane of all England, and primate, and patron of the laid hofpital, covenanteth and grantcth, for him and ins fucceflbrs, to and with the faid John, mafter and keeper of the faid college, and the fellows and fcholars of the fame, and their fucceflbrs, that he, his fuc- ceflbrs and afligns, (hall yearly pay unto the faid mafter or keeper, fellows or fcholars, or their afligns, to the ufe of the faid college, at the quire door of the church of Weftminfter, on the welt part of the faid church, at the feaft of St. Michael the Archangel, or within thirty days next following the faid feaft, the fum of fix pounds, thirteen lhillings, and four-pence, of lawful money of England, for and during the term of two hundred years next enfuing the date hereof. And further, that if it happen the faid yearly payment to be behind unpaid, at the place aforefaid, after the faid term of thirty days, and there lawfully demanded by the fufficiem deputy of the faid mafter or keeper, and fellows or fcholars, then the faid mafter of the hofpital and his fucceflbrs {hall pay unto the faid mafter or keeper, and fellows or fcholars, for every fuch default of payment, three pounds fix (hillings and eight-pence, ot lawful money of England, in the name of a pain, over and befides the fum of fix pounds, thiitetn (hillings, and four-pence, of yearly payment, with the reafonable cofts and charges of fuit and travail for the fame, during all the faid term of two hundred years: In confideraiion whereof the laid mafter or keeper, and fellows or fcholars, covenant and grant for them and their fucceflbrs, to and with the faid mafter of the hofpital and his fucceflbrs, that they the faid mafter and keeper, and fellows or fcholars, and their fucceflbrs, {hall and will admit and receive into the faid college of Corpus Chrifti, and che blefled Virgin Mary, for the increafe of the number of fcholars there, over and beiides the ordinary number now in the faid college, two fcholars, to be chofen, named, ex- amined, and approved, by the mafter of the faid hofpital, and the dean of Chrift Church, in Canterbury, for the time being, and their fucccflcrs, if any dean (hall then be, or elle by the mafter only, and to be taken by him or them out of the free-fchool in Canterbury, being fuch of the fcholars there as are or (hall be born within the county of Kent, and fent to the faid college at Cambridge, which two (hall be called Camerbury L-cholais : And that after fuch admittance and receipt, the faid Icholars fhall remain and continue in the faid college, according to the orders, decrees, and ftatutes of the faid college, and (hall have of the provifion of the faid mailer or keeper, fellows or fcholars, and their fucceflbrs, convenient chamber, commons, barber, launder, reading, and other neceffaries as other fcholars in EASTBRIDGE HOSPITAL. 419 in the faid college have had and enjoyed, and (hall have and enjoy in the faid college, according to common cuftom, or otherwife, for and dunng the term of two hundred vears next enluing the date hereof. And further do covenant and gran f , that when and fo often as it (hall happen, any of the faid fcholars fo named and admitted in form aforefaid, to be expulfed, or otherwife removed from the (aid college, or benefits aforefaid, by any manner of means, that then they the faid matter or keeper, fellows or fcholars, and their fucceffors, will and (hall receive ami admit, from time to time, into the faid college, other fuch fcholar or fcholars, to enjoy the rooms, fcholarfhips, and benefits aforefaid, as (hall be from time to time choien, examined, and approved by the mailer of the laid hofpital and his fucceffors, for the time being, with the conlent of the faid dean of Chrift Church, in Canterbury, and his fucceffors, for the time being (if any dean (hall be then), or elie by the mafter only, out of the faid fchool of Canterbury as aforefaid, to the faid college, which fcho'ar or fcholars fhall have and enjoy all fuch profits and commodities as the other did and fhould have had and enjoyed, by the cuftoms, orders, and ftatu f es of the faid college, during all the faid term of two hundred years. And that if default at any time fhall be had or made by the fdid mafter or keeper, fellows or fcholars, and their fucceffors, in refilling to admit or receive the faid fcholars, or any of them fo chofen, examined, and approved of in form aforefaid, and fent to the faid college by the letter fubferibed by the hand of the faid mailer, and dean of the faid church, or their fucceffors, if any dean be, or elfe by the hand of the faid matter only; or in allowance of neceflaries in torm above- mentioned, that then for every refufal of fuch fcholars, or any default by them contrary to the covenant in thefe indentures expreiled, they (hall pay to the matter of the hofpital, and his fucceffors, the fum of twenty Shillings f>f lawful money of England, with the reafonable colts of fuit and travail in and about the fame : And further do covena t with the mafter of the faid hofpital, and his fucceffors, that within fix weeks after every expulilon, or removing of any fcholar admitted or re- ceived from the faid college, the faid mailer or keeper, fellows or fcholars, and their fucceffors or affigns, (hall make notice to the matter of the faid hofpital, or his fucceffors, of the faid cxpullion or removing. In vvitnefs whereof, as well the mafter of the faid hofpital, for him and his fucceffors, as alfo the faid mafter cr keeper, and fellows or fcholars, for them and their fucceffors, to thefe ii. dentures have interchangeably fet their fcals. Dated the day and year firft above written." 30. A perfect and true terrier of all the lands and other commodities belonging to the manor of Blean and Hoth Court, in the parifli of St. Cofmus and Daniian on the Blean, in the county of Kent, declaring the names and contents in the feveral fields, with the tenements belonging thereunto, of the demile and grant of John Lewis, clerk, of Minder, in the Ille of Thanet, mafter of the Hofp tal of Eaft- bridge, alias St. Thomas in the city of Canterbury, unto John Boys, of Hoth-Court, efquire, and Elizabeth his wife, now farmers of the faid manor, made and delivered unto the faid mafter, according to a compofition and article comprized within the faid demile on the part of the faid Johh Boys and Elizabeth his wife, their exe- cutors and affigns, to be done and accomplifned at or before the fealing of the faid demifed leafe, which was from the day of the date thereof, as plainly appearech in the faid demile, dated the twentieth day of March, in the fifth year of the reign of our fovereign lord George the Second, &c. annoque Domini 173 {■• 31. Copies of feveral leafes of lands belonging to Eaftbridge holpital. Kkkz Th c 4 2o A N T I Q^U I T I E S IN KENT. The Priory of St. Gregory, in Canterbury. In the Northgate-Street, over-againft the Hofpital of St. John, Archbiihop Lanfranc founded [a church, in honour of St. Gre- gory, the Pope], for fecular prieits, A. D. 1084; but Archbiihop William [temp. Hen. I.] made it a priory of [Black Canons, or] Regulars. Leland. Eadmerus fays, thefe canons were to " adminifter to the infirm " people of St. John's hofpital whatfoever was neceffary for the' " good of their fouls, and to take care alfo of their burial." And Somner fuppofes it to have been " the firft houfe of Regular " Canons in the kingdom." On July 2, 1145, the church, we are informed by Gervafe, was burnt. Archbiihop Hubert confirmed this priory and its revenues. See Dugdale's Monafticon, vol. II. p. 373, where thefe Charters are printed. The names of fome of the priors. 1. Dunftan, A. D. 1187. Gerv. col. 1497. 2. Thomas, A. D. 1227. ) 3 Nicolas AD. .244. [ 4. Hugh, A. D. 1263. ( ^ 5. William, A. D. 1271. J 6. Henry, A. D. 1278. He was prior alfo the xth of kaL Apr. 1276; alfo A. D. 1275, when he and Nicolas [Thorn] abbot of St. Auftin's fealed a writing, or certificate, of fome grants, made to the church of Canterbury. 7. Guy, A. D. 1293. Thorn, col. 1961. 8. Elias of Sandwich, 1294. 9. Robert of Winchepe, died A. D. 1349, 1 o. William atte Thorn, inftalled June 10, 1349-. 11. Thomas, A. D. 1403. 12. William of Canterbury, 141 3. 13. Thomas, A. D. 1443. 14. Dr. Thomas Wellys, Bifhop of Sidon, Sept. 26, 1515* and Jun. 28, 1521. 15. William, n,/ t \7/z/&.j. T/ui ,y' ,1/ Gregory's I^Tory, Canterbury fw z Ruins of J~.* JTAomas'j Chapel, Canferftury. as T^iy cyyuaredm j?£i. ST. GREGORY'S PRIORY. +*i 15. William, 1531. He was at the convocation in that year, and was one of thofe that gave a negative voice to the queftion then propofed. See the Specimen of Errors in Burnet's Hitlory of the Reformation, p. 195. 16. John Symkins, the laft prior '. At cardinal Bourchier's vifitaiion there were only five canons, befides the prior; but [about the time of theDifTolution, here were thirteen religious, who were endowed with the yearly revenue of 1 ail* 15s. id. per aim. Dugdale. 166I. 4s. $[6. Speed. Lambard reckons it only 30I. The fite was granted, 28 Henry VIII. -to the archbifhop of Canterbury, in exchange for Wimbledon, banner. It is now held, on a leafe from bis grace, by George Gipps, efq. one of the prelent members for Canterbury. The. precinct, or vill, maintains its own poor, and is extra-parochial. Mr. Codling's account of its prefent ftate is as follows : " Part of this priory is now Handing, but not a great deal, only one large room, unlefs the buddings of the flreet may be looked on as the lodgings of the poor and fick, who were pro- vided for there. The ground belonging to its precinct is almoit entirely laid out m gardens for our market. The chapel of St. Thomas (whofe ruins are there) had over the door, at the welt end of it, a handibme old arch, vhich the archbifhogts leflee took down ibme years ago, to mak 1 portal to his own dwellings houfe, at St. Thomas's-hill ; but . ing fold and rebuilt, a curious gentleman a in the country, by adapting fhei nt of one of his out-buildings to it, has preferved this piece of antiquity,, and added to the beauties of his feat.'* The little that remains of this ancient ftructure may be ieen in the view of it given in plate IX. fig. 1.; and the ruins of Si- Thomas's chapel in fig. 2.] 1 On the diffolution of the priory, he had a penfion of 20 1. per arm. from the king, till, on the foundation of the collegiate church of Rcchefler, he was ad- mitted one of the firfl prebendaries, and lived there till March 14, i<5}, when he wa*s deprived for being married. He had been a monk of St. Bartholomew's, in London. Dr. Battely. 2 The late reverend Mr. Brockman, of Beachborouglu IndentiTi 42 , ANTIQUITIES IN KENT. Indentura inter priores ecdefiarum Chrifti ct Sti Gregorij, Canluar', de quibufdam jocalibus legatis didte ecctie Sti Gregorii, p dnum Rogerum Herun, quondam reclorem five magrum ecctie collegiate de Maydeftan, non aliendis, ut patet inferius. PRtSENS indentura facta 26to die Maii, anno r. R. Henrici fexti, Anglic ct Francie vicefirco primo, inter venerabiiem patrem Johannem, priorem ecctie Chrifti, Cant', et ejufdem capttum (fede vacante) ex parte una, et Thomam priorem ecctie Sti Gregorii Cantuar' pi' ex parte altera, teftarur, quod pd' Joannes, prior ecctie Chrifti Cam', et ejufdem capttum, ex affenfu et confenfu omnium executorum Rogeri Herun, clerici, cujus corpus in eccta Sti Gregorii pdict' iepelitur, tradiderunt et deliberaverunt pfatoThome, priori Sti Gregorij, quedam jocalia argentea, viz. duas pelves argent' cum ij lavacris argent ponderant' cxxvi unc* et j quart* ij potellers argent' ponderant' lxvj une' et dimid' : et unum magnum cyphum argent' cum co-opculo ad eundem ponderantein clxviii unc' et dimid' ad laudem et honorem Dei, et in ppetuam rei memoriam, f p falute anime pt'ati Rogeri in prioratu Sti Gregorii pd' ad ufum refec"torij ejufdem prioratus imperpetuum remanfura. Ita quod non licebit pfato Thome priori, neque fucceflbribus fuis, pdifta jocalia, nee ali- quod eorundem, vendere, alienare, feu cuicunque quovifmodo impignorare, nifi magna et urgens caufa illud requirat, et in cafu ilia impignorentur, five aliquod eorundem impignoretur, fufficiemi pcrfone p confenfum captii ejufdem eccte Sti Gregorii, ac etiam licentia et affenfu prioris ecctie Chrilli Cant', qui pro tunc fuerit, et aliter non. Et fi contingat pd' Thomam, modo priorem, aut fucceffores, aliquo tali cafu urgente, pdifta jocalia feu aliquod eorundem alicui impignorare, quod pd' nunc prior et omnes fucceffores fui jocalia ilia fie impignorata, feu jocale illud fie impignoratum, infra annum pott impignorationem illam ad prioratum pdicT' rehabeant feu rehabe- aritur, et ad ifla fideliterp fe et fuccefibies fuos obfervanda pfatus Thomas, prior Sti (^regorij, coram pdiifto venerabili patre Joanne, priore ecctie Chritti, corporale fuum pftabit juramentum. Et omnes fucceffores ejufdem prioris Sti Gregorij in fua prima creatione eidem venerabili priori ecctie Chrifti Cant' et fucceflbribus fuis confimile pftabunt juramentum. In cujus rei teftimonium hiis indenturis pdicYi venerabiles patres Johannes, prior ecctie Chrifti, et Thomas, prior ecctie Sti Gregorii, figilla fua alternatim appofuerint, die et anno fuprafcriptis. Henry, prior, and the convent, granted to William de Hunt a chantry in the chapel of Wadenhal, in the parifh of Waltham, dated 1276, 10 kal. Apr. The ST, GREGORY'S PRIORY, 423 The lands and rents anciently belonging to the priory of St. Gregory, out of the leiger-book of the priory of St. Gregory . Goldftanron. A Icafe was made by the prior and convent 13° Henry IV. of the grange of Goldftanton, and all the tithes thereto belonging. Noulifleet. Certain corn, &c. for tithe out of the archbifhop's demefnes of the manor of Northfleet, viz. 8 acr' fuccis' mefiis', 4 frumenti, et 4 ordei, in terra mdiori de manerio archiepi in Northfleer. There are two receipts of 40s. p. annum, by the prior and Convent for 4 acres of wheat, and 4 acres of barley, for tithes of the manor of Northfleet. Beatrifden. Hadingfeld, 43 acres f. Holmis, 14 acr. f. Horfenlees, 17 acres £. Buttervale, 3 acr. Courtwood, 3 acres f and -J. Burckmede, 3 acr. Berham. vi marc' p annum de recloria de Bifhopiborn,

m extra tarram ad feftum Sti Michaelis, iiis. jd. &c. Redditus quos debent Thefaurarii moniaiibus Sti Sepulchri. Ad feftum Sti Mich. ixs. iijd. Ad Natale [Chrifti] ixs. iijd. Ad Pafch' ixs. iijd. Ad feftum St. Joan' Bapt' ixs. iijd. Item eifdem in Cantuaria. — Ad feft* Sti Mich'xfd. Ail medium xnne [Mid LentJ — xij'd. Item ad euadem terminum, xf d. In i 365, Cecilia Thornford, priorefs of St. Sepulchre's, refigned her place into the hands of Simon [Langham] archbifhop of Can- terbury, who lent his letters, dated at Maghfeld, Feb. 19, A. D. 1365, to Robert [Hathbrandj Prior of Canterbury, com- miifioning him to el eel: a new priorefs. Accordingly, on March 3, he went to the priory or church of St. Sepulchre's, and cal- ling all the nuns together, he elected, confirmed, and inftallecf Joan de Cheriton, one of the lifters of that houfe, and in all refpects rightly qualified to be the priorefs. Archbilhop Morton, by his laft will, gave lands near Maidftone, in the Mote park, and a mill near the fame park, to the church of Canterbury, the archbilhop and his fucceffors, to the end that he and his fucceffors for ever fhould pay yearly to the priorefs and nuns of St. Sepulchre's eight marks to find a prieft to celebrate mafs within the faid nunnery, in a chantery founded in the fame by John do Bourn, formerly rector of Frackenham, in the time of archbilhop Wittlefey. In the taxation in the archdeacon's black book, A. D. 1292, the temporalities of thefe nuns were thus rated: ' ; In Canterbury and the fuburb, Bifhopesbourn, Taynton, [Thanington] Hackyn- ' ton., and Little Hardres, xiil. xs. vd. tenths xxvs. jd." " At this place," fays Somner, " fomctime one Elizabeth " Barton, more vulgarly known by the name of the Holy Maid " of Kent, that great impoftor of her time, was a vailed nun " and votarefs. Whole pranks and practices, or rather the " monks and other papaliis, by her agency, are obvious both in " our ftatutes and ftories. ... "It NUNNERY OF ST. SEPULCHRE. 477 " It feems the parifh church of St. Sepulchre was horn down " in the fame fall with the nunnery. For however frequent " mention may be found, both of parifh, church, and church- " yard alio before, yet fince the fuppreffion, the place of the two " latter is unknown, the limits of the other uncertain, and the " memory of all three almoft extinct. Only that ftone-gate by " the turning on vour left hand to Dover-ward, fjems to have " been the weftern door of the church ', as I collect by this " boundary": " Of the land which lieth over againft the church " of the Holy Sepulchre, nigh a ftreet by which they go toward " Dudendale [now Morton-farm" 1 , on the fouth-fide of the laid " church." " The boundary of the piece of ground directly over- " againft it. The laft lady priorefs of this houfe, by name Dame " Philip John [Philippa Joan" 1 , lies buried in the north-ile of " St. George's church, which in her will fhe calls The Chappel of « the BlefTed Mary." Juliana, priorefs and the convent of St. Sepulchre's, granted a fourth part of an acre of land to the hofpital of Eaftbridge. See the Grant, p. 313. This was before the year 1227. Mynchyncroft appertinentia eft monafterli Sti Sepulchri. Lib. MS. Tho. Hales. Anno 1 1 84. Rogerus, Abbas, et Conventus Sti Aiiguftini concdTerunt ecctiam B. Edm'de ReJingate in puram et perpetua:n elemofynam monialibus S. Sepulchri, Cant'. Ica tame n quod moniales pred' in recognitionem juris quod S. Auguft' habet in ppo ecctie de Redingate xij denarios de ipfa ecciefia fingulis annis reddent (up r altare Sti Auguftini in die ipfius Sancti ad organa reparanda : et luper h c tunc prioriffa, tunc fubprioriiTa in capitulo noitro fidelitatem juraverunt. Prefentibus nmltis teftibus. Regiftrarium archidiaconi Cant. In MS. Catalogo domorum religiofarum, in tota diocefi Cantuarienfi fie recenletur — Prioratus S. Sepukliri Cant' monialcs nigre. Moniales S. Sepulchri non ingrediantiir pofleffiones S. Auguftini. Vide Them, col. 1S93. Harum fnndator fuit Anfelmus archiepifcopus, et quanqnam infra limites feodi bcati Auguftini fint conftitute, tamen in folo archiepifcopatus ftte funt. Erat namque ibi ecclelii in honorem S. Sepulchri, de patronatu archiepiicopi, exiguis tcrris circura- cincta, ubi in prefenti conltat eas eiTe ilindatas. Thorn, it>m. 1 A view of this weft gate (or rather gate-way) with parr of the wall of the aunhery, is annexed. That it cou.d not have been the " door or the church," but merely the gate-way to t.'ie nunnery, fcems obvious on : nfpecYion, as it leads to a court, in which fome old arches ai.d ru'i.ed wa.ls flill remain. L 1 1 2 [Tradition 4 .8 ANT1 Q.U I T I E S IN KENT. [Tradition fays, that thefc lifters were fo indigent, that they were ftyled the poor nuns of St. Sepulchre's.] Hoipital of St. James, or St. Jacob, near Canterbury. This was an ancient hofpital, dedicated to St. James, for xxv leprous filters, a priorefs, three priefts, and one clerk, founded,, .before 1 1 8 8 , in the iuburbs of Canterbury, at the end of Win- cheap, near Thanington, and thence fometimes called " Mofpitalh lt de Wincbeap? Lambarde and Weever have faid by miftake, that it was founded by queen Eleanor, wife to king Henry III. But long before that, viz. in king John's time, " the prior and con- vent of Chrift Church, Canterbury, took it into their cuftody and protection." See the charter cited by Somner, ex arcbiv. eccPie Cbri/li, Cant*. " Afterwards Henry III. gave the parfonage of Bradegate * towards the augmentation of its endowment. ** Its revenues were Firmin's Barton, fo called from Firmin, once governor of it ; the reft lay at Egerton, Charing, Merfham, Blean, Hakynton, Natindon [Nackington], Thanington, Sha- doxherlt, Kingfnoth, Roking, and in and about Canterbury, valued de claro, at 46 1. 6s. 3d. in Henry VHIth's time, by the co.nmiflioners. " lt payed no tithes at all. " lt efcaped the general dilTolution ; but foon after [Feb. 28, 1551,] Young [the farmer] faith, that Freeman and one Dartnall caufed the filters to furrender the houfe to the king, and Robert Dartnall, by the king's letters patents, got poffeffion. The lands were worth 100 marks per annum, tempore, nullos infra fepta difti hofpitalis- pere«rinaturos five moraturos recipiat line confenfu iororum iuarum, vel majoris, partfs earandem, et licentia lira et iucrefibrum nrorura petita et opteDta. Ceterum quia comperimus nonnullas ordinationes, injuncliones, et monita falu- taria r> pdeceffores iiros in ipforum vifuationibns in dido holpitali exercitis fafta. fuifTe et efle ; nos tarn ea quam etiam hec fira ftatuca et ordinationes p vos, quibus plentes nre diri acre and half, called Brotherhood Clofe, in the parifh of Ford-, wich, for the maintenance of four brothers and three fillers, fingle perfons, of the age of fifty or upwards. The other owes its origin to Leonard Cotton, an alderman of the city, who, by his will, dated in 1604, fome years before his death,: left fome eftates in truil (which has been ever fince continued),' for the maintenance of cne additional brother and two filters, a. widower M A Y N A R D's S P I T A L. 4J5 ti widower and widows, of St. Margaret's parifli, if proper objects there; if not, of St. Mildred's; if not, of any pariih in Canter- bury ; in thofe tenements which, it feems, he had then erected and annexed to Maynard's building. In 1666, the records of thele two hospitals, being lent to London, on account of a law-fuit then depending, were deftroyed in the great fire, except the old leafes of their eftates from the time of queen Elizabeth. In 17 11, Mrs. Mary Mafters, of this city, of whole donation an account is given p. 280, left this hofpital, and five others, 5I. a year each. But, for the reafons there afligned, they receive only 16s. 4d. Mr. Matthew Browne, in 1.7 17, bequeathed to it ten (hillings a year, ifTuing from two houfes in the borough of Staplegate (fee p. 281); and an abltract of his will is annexed, p. 442. 500I. left to it by Thomas Hanfon, efq; (who died in 1770), being now inverted in 3 per cent, bank annuities, produces (fee p. 196) a dividend of 17I. 10s. per ann. And there being no fund for repairs, Mr. William Rigden, brewer, who died in 1776, fettled in trutt and conveyed for that purpofe, in 177 r, a meffuage and fmith's forge in Hawk's-lane, which let for 61. per ann. The hofpital has a common feal, whofe device is the Virgin and Child. See it engraved in plate X. fig. 2. It Hands in a lane in St. Mildred's parifh, leading from Caflle- ftreet to Stour-ftreet, and confiits often tenements, with a chapel near the centre, as reprefented in the plan, plate IX. fig. 2. where prayers are read twice a week by the prior. On the chapel is this infeription : " This houfe and chapel was founded by John Maynard, for 3 brothers and 4 . 1242. 4/0 non" 1 Martii. The imprefs of the feal was the murder of Thomas Becket, and about it, Sigillum Simonis archidiaconi. On the other fide, a head, with a hand from above over it, and round about it, ^S". mag'ylri Simoni* Langtune, i. e. Sigillum magtfiri Simonis Langtum, with the S on the reverfe, which fignifies, in the old feals, that the hofpital was dedicated to the Virgin Mary. Though it efcaped the general diffolution, as mentioned' above, , it was furrendered by the then matter, patron, and ordinary? 17 Eliz. and granted by the queen, with all its lands and ap- purtenances, to the mayor and commonalty of the city for the ufe of the poor, as an hofpital and bridewell. " It is now the ' Styled by archbifhop Parker, in his account, 1562, " a temporal man, who is not refident, nor maketh any diftribiuion." Strype's Life of that archbiihop, p. nj. - 1 The laft matter, /who furrendered it foon after. general 43 8 ANTIQUITIES IN KENT, general workhoufe, being fo appointed by aft of parliament in 1728, for the maintenance and employment of the poor of the city, under guardians incorporated for that purpofe \" Anno 1296. Magr Guido de Well, reftor ecctie de Swalclyve, tunc fyndicus feu procurator hcfpitalis pauperum facerdotum Cantuarie, venit in capitulum mo- n3llerii S. Auguitini, et ibidem preftitit publice facramentum fidelitatis ratione ecclefurum S. Margarette in Cantuaria et beate Marie de Stodmarlh, fecundum con- iuetudinem, kc. Thorn, col. 1966. St. Laurence. The hofpital of St. Laurence in the S. E. fuburb, on the ■right hand of the road from Canterbury to Dover, was founded (fays the private Leiger 2 ), in 1137, by abbot Hugh II. of that name, and the convent of St. Auguirine, for the reception and relief of lazar or leprous monks, and of the parents and relations of fuch as were reduced ^to beggary 3 . The names of grants at the beginning were Fratribus S. Laure?itii ; Fratribus et Sororibus S. Laurenti'i; and afterwards, from the 47 Edward i? I. they granted and received by the names of priorefs and filters, and there were no brothers. Nine acres of 4and within the lordmip of St. Au- o-uftine were given by the founder (as appears by the charter an- nexed) on the r ight fide of the road to Dover, with all the tithes of the manor of Longport, and all the tithes of wheat and peas adjoining on the left tide. The tithes of the whole manor of Dodingdale '[now Morton] were afterwards added by Richard de Marci, the lord of it (fee his charter), with many other benefactions ■ Goftling's Walk, p. 60. 2 Somner's Antiq. p. 38. 3 '•' For fixreen brothers and fillers, and for one chaplain, and one clerk, ferving u in the laid hofpital," are the words (in Latin) of the Leiger.. needlefs ST. LA U R E IT C E. 439 needlefs to recapitulate. 26 Henry VIII. the revenues were valued at 39I. 8s. 6d. in the whole. Tanner. 30 H. VIII. A leafe was made by the priorefs and fitters to Sir Chriltopher Hales, knight,, of the fcite of the laid hofpital, and* of all the polFefiions for 9 years, yielding no yearly rent, but finding the filters and priorefs during their lives. The iatereft was vetted in Mr. Lovelace. May 26, 3 and 4 Philip and Mary.. This hofpital was granted, by letters patent under the great leal of England, to Sir John Parrot, in fee, in consideration of a fum of money, ac gratia nojird fpeciali, et mero motic, et.certd jckntid. 6 Edward VI. A feoffment was made from the priorefs - and filters to one Tipfell of London, of this hofpital, in fee ; the eftates of which Sir John Parrot and Tipfell, by the appointment' of Serjeant Lovelace to keep the leafe in force, conveyed to Hoveden and Bingham. In the account given up to the vifitors, "~feven filters, a priorefs, and a prieft, were faid to be maintained by the. produce of the lands, which was eftimated at 20I." This Statement was figned by " Joanne Francys, priorilfa, Elizabeth Oliver, Florence Younge, nondum Joror, nomine fororum" The chief governor (as ufual) was called keeper, or malter (ch/Ios), and he was always-- one of the monks of St. Auguftine's. . The chief of the feveri filters was called priorefs. In 1562 [by archbilhop Parker's account], the hbufe was ** lamentably mifufed [by reafon of the above-mentioned leafe]," and had only two fitters then in it, [who received from the farmer-there only 40s. per ann.] In May, 1574? 16 Eiizab. it was found by inquifition, virtute. officii, before the efcheator of Kent, that this ribfpital was con- cealed, and worth yearly 4I. which being returned into the exchequer, one . Honywood took a leafe of it for xxi -years,-. yielding; ^ 4 o ANTIQUITIES IN KENT, yielding 4I. yearly, after he mould have poffeffion of the premifes by virtue of the laid leafe ; and in default of payment for a certain fpace, the leafe was to be void. This eftate and manlion-houfe, built on or near the fite of the old monaftery, being vefted in Sir George Rooke, and after- wards in his fon, were bequeathed by the latter to his relict, fifter to the late vifcount Dudley and Ward. And Mrs. Rooke, at her death, devifed them to her nephew, the prefent vifcount. On one of the flinty piers of the old gateway, a figure of St. Laurence on the gridiron may be difcovered, with a man ftanding at his head, and another at his feet '." Tanner, however, queries " whether it was not rather built in memory of St. Laurence [as he ftyles him] the archbifhop, fucceffor to St. Auguftine, than of the broiled martyr, as Somner terms him \" But where does it appear that archbifhop Laurence was ever, canonifed ? Circa hec tempo™ idem abbas (viz. Hugo adus) fundavit hofpitale Sti Lau- .rentii. Ad cujus fundationem contulit novem acras terre, in quibus iplum hofpi- tale fitum eft. Contulit eciam eidem totam decimam de dominico de Langeport, et tres careftatas feni; unam de Langeport, aliam de facriftia, ec terciam de camerario. Fuit autem.illud hofpitale ad hoc fpecialtter infinitum et fundatum, ut fi contingat quod aliquis monachus ift'nis monaiterii morbum contagiofum, et precipue lepram, incurrat, ratione ; cujus morbi infra fepta monaflerii abique fcandalo fratrum con- verfari non porerit, .providebitur illi in loco predirfto de camera competenti, et ibidem habebic viftum et veftitum, nonde bonis hofpitalis preditfi, fed de monafterio ifro, ficut et alius frater. -Si vero contingat, parentem alicujus monachi, patrem, videlicet, aut m^rrem, fororem aut fratrem, ad tantam inopiam devenire, ut cum fcandalo monafteriii et illius frauis oportuerit ipfiim hoftiatim mendicare, pro\ide- bitur ipfi in eodem hofpitali competens lullentatio lecundum facultatem illius domua, per confiderationem abbatis et magiftri hofpitalis predicli qui pro tempore fuerit ibm. Notum fit omnibus Dei fidelibus, tam prefentibus quam pofteris, quod ego fe- cundus Hugo, Dei gratia, abbas Sti Auguftini, ejufdemque loci conventus, pro re- demptione alarum nrarum, predecefforum nrorum, atque fuccefTorum, conceffimus ac dediraus in elemofinam vii acras terre de dominio iiro precio quondam adquifuas, ad faciendum hofpitale in i tils vii acris iupra memoratis juxta viam que a Cantcrburia •tlucit ad Dovre, in de:ura parte vie. Contulimus eciam illi loco, ad futkntationem infirmorum aut paupeium, decimam tocius annone de tota terra ilia quam hubemus ' Goftliog's Walk, p. 21, zz. : Notiu Mon. p. zij. ST. LAURENC E's HOSPITAL. 441 in dominio, in dextra pane vie, et oem decimam frumenti et pifarum tocius i <^ue adjacec ad Langeport, de dominio nro in finillra parte vie. Quicunqne ei"o pro ainore Dei benefecerint infirmis illic babitantibus, et locum ilium mam . nuerint, benedi&ionem Dei habeant, ec giatiam fimul et commune bcneficiurn loci noftri. Richardus ' de Marci omnibus fuis hominibns Francis et Anglicis, tarn prefcntibus quam futuris, falutem. Sciatis me conceffi/Ie et dcdifle decimas terre mee dc Dodingdale hofpitali S. Laurentii, quod eft juxta Cantuariam, in ppetuam elc- mofinam, f p falute animarum predecefforum meorum, et inei, et uxoris mee, ec meorum infantium. Quare volo et precipio quatenus pd' hofpitale decimas predj&as habeat et poffidear, bene, et in pace, et libere; p't-cipioque, ex parte Dei, et ex parte men, ut fratres et ibrores pd' hofpitalis habeant decimas iltas noiatim ad lir.eum pannum emendum in fefto S. Johannis Baptifte, quia credo quod tunc mei ec me- orum memores erunt. A claufe drawn up by archbifhop Wake's direction, to be in- ferted in Eaftbridge hofpital leafes. *' And the faid A. B. doth for himfelf, his heirs, executors, adminiftrators, and afilgns, and for every of them, covenant, promile, and grant, to and with the faid John Bradock, mafter of the faid hofpital, and his fucceflbrs, by thefe prefer.es, That he the faid A. B. his executors, adminiftrators, and afligns, (hail not, nor will, at any time hereafter, during this demife, do, commit, or wittingly or willingly furTer any wafte, fpoil, or deftruftion, in or upon the premiles, or any part thereof; but (hall and will, to the utmoft of his and their power, keep and preferve the fame from all wafte, fpoil, and deftru&ion whatfoever. And alfo, that he the faid A. B. his executors, adminiftrators, and affigns, ihall and will from time to time, and at all times, during this demife, order and manage the faid lands and premiles in good and hufbandlike manner, and (hall and will, at all times during this demife, imbarnr ftack, and lay all the corn and hay growing or arifing in and upon the demifed premifes, in the barns or other convenient places belonging to the premiles ; and the faid hay, and the draw, and chaff, arifing from the laid corn, Ihall and will fodder out and fpend in and upon the premifes, and the dung, foliage* and com- poft arifing therefrom, (hal! and will, in good and hufbandlike manner, lay, fpread, fpend, and beftow in and upon the faid lands, or fome part thereof, where moic need (hall be, and Ihall not elfewhere lay, fpread, fpend, or beftow the fame, or any part thereof. Wm. Turner, i 8 November, 17:8." Memorandum, To ftrengthen the claufe to prevent the tenants from cutting down timber, 8tc. * " Rogerus," in Thorn. N n n *\ claufe 442 A N T I Q^U I T I E S IN KENT. A daufe taken out of Mr. Matthew Browne's will, dated December r. 2, 1717, proved at Canterbury, Auguil 26, 17 21 '. " Item, I give, devife, and bequeath unto the feveral hofpitals of Eaflbridge, alias St. Thomas, Maynard Spittle, St. John, and St. Nicholas Harbledown, in and near the city of" Canterbury, and to every of them refpectively, the fum of ten millings apiece, of lawful money of Great Britain, yearly, and every year, for ever, out of the rents, ifiues, and profits of my two meffuages, or tenements, with the appur- tenances, fituate and being in the borough of Staplegate, and now in the feveral occupations of Paul Whitehurfl: and Matthew Darby, or their afiigns. " Which faid feveral and relpecVive fums of ten (hillings, I will, order, and appoint, {hr.ll be refpecYively paid to the prior, brothers and filters of the faid refpedtive hof- pitals, upon the twelfth day of March yearly for ever. And my will and mind is, that if default mall happen to be made in payment of the faid feveral fums of ten millings, or any of them, to the faid feveral hofpitals, or any of them, at the day and time herein before appointed for the payment thereof, that then, and at all times afterwards, it fhall and may be lawful to and for the priors, brothers and filters of the faid rtfpe£tive hofpitals, to whom the faid fum of ten fhillings fhall be fo unpaid, to enter into and upon the faid two meffuages or tenements, or either of them, to diftrain, and the diftrefs and dift relies there found to have, take, carry away, keep, retain, poifefs, and enjoy, until the faid feveral refpe&ive fums of ten fhillings, and all arrears thereof, and all charges in and about taking fuch diftrefs, fliall be fully fatisned and paid." Vera copia excerpta ex teftimonio Matthei Brown, per Jos. Webb*. [Befides the above, and the two great Benedictine and rival monafteries of Chrift Church and St. Auguftine's, whofe hiftory and antiquities have been amply difcufled by Somner, Battely, Goftling, &c. the other religious and charitable foundations in and near Canterbury, were, t. St. Mildred's abbey, mentioned by Dugdale 3 , within the walls, on the fouth fide of the city, whofe lair abbot's name was Alfwic ; « of which," fays Eifhop Tanner, " neither Mr. Somner nor Mr. Battely give us any account V An abftract of this was given, p. 281. And fee p. 135. Late reader of Eaftbridge hofpital. He died in 1771. 3 Monad. 1. p. 26. 4 Notit. Mom p. 2c 8. 2 2. A priory BLACK FRYARS. 4 4j 2. A priory of Dominican, or Black, Fryars, in St. Alphagc's parilli, founded probably not long after 12 21, by king Henry II 1 . who, if is faid, built them a monaftery on the banks of the Stour, on land given them by archbifhop Langdon, of which fome venerable ruins remain, particularly the Gothic arches of a bridge, drawn by Mr. Grofe and others, and the fouth gate- way, faced with fquare flints, in St. Peter's-ftrcet, built not long before the 30th Edward III. This is engraved in Mr, Thorpe's Kentiih Antiquities, the Vl'Ith number of this work, pi. X. fig. 4. It had two other gates, or paiTagcs, one in the ftreet near St. Alphage's church, and the other in BenVs-lane near the Water-lock, oppofite Prince of Orange-lane, then the Rufli-mar- ket, which led directly to their church, as appears by a very exact ftained drawing of that and the monaftery, with its pre- cinct, and a meafurement, by Thomas Langdon, 1505? in the pofTeffion of the rev. Mr. Byrch, the prefent proprietor of the manor and principal maniion, which, we are informed, will be engraved in the Hid volume of Mr. Hafted's Hiftory of Kent, Part of the hall is now the Baptifts meeting-houfe, and the other is the houfe of Mr. John Haward; there are no veftiges of the church but part of the north wall, and part of the church- yard is the Baptifts burying-ground. An indenture is ftill in being, made by thefe fryars only five years before their diffolution, of which the following is a copy : " This indenture, made the vith day of the month of February, yn the xxvth yere of the reigne of kyng Henry the vnnh [A. D. 1534] witneffeth, that John YTenar, por of the houfe of Frers prcheurs, yn the citie of Canturbery, and thc covent of the fame houfe, of their hole mynde, affente, and confente, have dy- myfed, graunted, and letten to ferme unto Richard Burchard, of the prfhe of Sayncle Elphe yn the fayde citie of Cantbery, drap, all that their gardyne ', with the apptenns, lyeing and beyng within the fite of the faid place, whiche gprdyne John Edward, vyntenar, late had and occupied yn ferme of the por and covent ot * This, by the defection, appeari to bs the orchard lately purAaftdof Mr. Detanoy by M - Cyprian Buuce, N n n 2 444 ANTIQUITIES IN KENT. the faide houfe, boundyng to the comyne ryvare towards eafle, to the orchard of the faid Freres towards northe, to the comyne way ledyng from Saynfte Perer's paryfhe ro the churche of the faid Freres, and the gardyne of the fame Freres,. occupied by James Thorn fon and Marke Giford, towards fouth, aud to the houfe and gardyne of Xrofer Cornewall, and the lane leading from Sayncle Petre's churche into the fayd orchard, towards weft : To have, hold, and occupye the forefaid gardyne, with the apprtenances, to the faid Richard Burchard and his affi°nes, from the fefte of the Annunciation of our I.adye the Virgine next coming after the date of thefe prefents, unto the end and term of fourtye yeres ' then next enfuing, and fully to be copleted, yeldyng and payeng therfor to the por and covent of the faide houfe, for the tyme beyng, yerely, by the fpace of the firft twenty yeres of the laid terme, xnis. mid. of lawful money of England, and yerely by the fpace of the other xx yeres of the faid terme, xvs. of lawful money of England, at the fefts of the nativity of Saynfte John Baptift, Sayncle Myghell the Archan^ell, the byrthe of our Lord God, and the Annunciation of oure Ladye the Virgyne, by evyn porcyons, duryng the faid terme to be payd. And if it happen- the hide yerely ferme of xins. mid. by yere duryng the faid fyrft xx yeres, or oP xvs. by yere duryng the other xx yeres, to be behynd yn parte, or yn all not payde, the fpace of xm dayes next after any fefte yn the whiche it owyght to be paide, as it is above lymyted, fo that it be duely afked and requyred at any daye within the faid xm dayes, then it fhall be lefull to the prior and covent aforefaid,, and theyr fucceifors, after the xm dayes expyred, into the forefaid gardyne, with the apprtences, holy to re-entre, and the fame to repoffede, and have agayne and enjoye, as yn theyre former poffeffion, and the faid Richard Burchard and his- affignes from the fame uttrely to expell, put outt, and amove, this indenture yn any wyfe notwithstanding. And the faid Richard Burchard convenanteth and' graunteth by thefe prefents to make and maynteyne, by all the faid terme, at bi& rPpre coftes and charges, with pale or otherwife fufficiently, fuche claufures as. lhall belong to hym for his parte about the faid gardyne. In witneffe whereof, as well the convent feale as of the faid por and convent, as the feale of the aforefaid' Rychard Burchard, to thefe indentures enterchangeably do fett. Geven the day and yer above wrytten. It is further agreed and covenanted between the faid p.ties, that the faid Richard Burchard, by all the faid time, fhall fufficiently repair the houfe nowe beyng within the faid gardyne, at his coft and charge, and leve the fame gardyne and hous, at the end of the faid time, in as good condition as it now is; and" that he and his affigns, by all the faid time, thai have free coming into the faid gardyne, and going out of the fame, at all tymes lawful and convenient." It is fairly written oa parchment, indented. Both the feals are loft : That of the friars was Az. on a crofs Arg. between four mitres labelled Or, a. text t> furmounteel with the letter S. fable \ 1 Nt/cia mtni hominum fat't fortifque fuinrte* V'g. • See Edmondfon's Heraldry, vol. I. After BLACK F II Y A K S. 4^5 After the difTolution, this fryary was granted [30 Henry VIII.] to Thomas Wifeman, and then to John Harrington, 2 Eliz. "Tanner. The next proprietor was Hoveden, who was fucceeded by Mr. Peter Peters, great-grand-father of Mrs. Barrett, 3d wife of the late Thomas Barrett, efq; of Lee, mother of Mrs. Byrch, who brought it in marriage to the rev. Mr. Byrch, now pofleffor of the manor and principal mar.fion; the other tenements having been alienated. In 1685, a fuit for fubftraction of tithes was initituted in the court of exchequer, by the rev. John Stockar, rector of St. Ai- phage, but, after a full hearing, the exemption was allowed.. Weever mentions Robert and Bennet Browne, efquireo, and Bennet, wife of Sir Wm. Wendalls, knt. as buried there. 3. The Francifcan, Minor, or Grey Fryars, nine of whom came into England in 1224, of whom five, by the direction of Henry III. flayed and fettled in Canterbury. Alderman Digges, in 1273, removed them to an ifland in the weft part of the city, then called Binnewith, or Binney ifland, now Bingley, where they continued to the difTolution, when this priory was granted, 31 Henry VIII. to Thomas Spilman. Mr. Hartcup is the prefent proprietor. A quit-rent of 4s. per arm. is payable out of it to the crown. Of this building, nothing but ruined walls and fome arches remain. It had two gates, one, the eaft, in Stour-Street, the other, the north, in St. Peter's-Street. Lord Badlefmere, hanged for treafon,. 13 2.1, Sir Giles his fon, and 17 other knights and ladies, were interred there. 4. The White Fryars, or Heremites, of the order of "St. Au- guftine, who obtained a fettlement and ho life by the gift of Richard French, baker, in St. George's paiifh, about the year I 335« King Edward III. and others added their benefactions. Their north itone gate-way, frill remaining in that itreet, is alio engraved in Mr. Thorpe's Antiquities, pi. X. fig. 3. It was granted. 44 6 A N T I Q_U I T I E S IN KENT. granted, 33 Henry VIII. to G. Harper, tanner. The manfion and lite arc now in the pofifeffion of David Papillon, efquire. 5. A houfe of the Knights Templars, in the parifh of St. Mary, Northgate, fays Somner, but more probably St. Alphage, as all that remains of it, viz, an ancient ftone door-cafe, is in that parifh, near Brown's (formerly the Abbot's) Mill, fnppofed by Mr. Goftling to have been a back door to it \ In an adjoining ltore-houfe, belonging to Mr. Tremaine, a woolcomber, is a very fubftantial rafter of chefnur, a foot and a half thick, and feventeen feet long, which probably belonged to the building. 6. A houfe in the fame parifh, belonging to the prielts of a chantry eftablimed by the Black Prince in 1363, in the under- croft of the cathedral, whole creft, or feather, may ftill be feen on a ftone, inferted in the wall, at the turning oppofite to Befts'- lane. The " ancient ftone-porch," mentioned by Somner % or " ancient door-way of ftone," as Mr. Goftling terms it 3 , over which thefe arms in Somner's time were placed, has been long removed, the prefent being a modern wooden door-cafe. But the old wall, of flint anil ftone, into which it opens, and which extends weftward towards the river, was probably part of this chantry-houfe. It was of the yearly value of 20s. and was kept in repair by the prior and convent of Chrift-church. To thefe may be added, as foundations now exifting, 8. Jesus, more commonly called BoYs's,Hofpital, from Sir John Boys, recorder of Canterbury, Sec. the founder of it, who died in 161 2, of which Mr. Goftling gives the following account: " Sir John endowed this for eight poor men, and four women, viz. a warden, who has a houfe to himfelf, i'exen brothers, of whom one is claviger, or porter, with 40s. addition to his falary, and four filters : their apartments form three fides of a little Walk, p. 6:. ' Antiquities, p. 71. 3 Walk, p. 62. fquare, B O Y S's HOSPITAL. 4.} fquare, on a bank clofe by the much frequented road from Can- terbury to Thanet, and the coaft from thence to Heme. The entrance is by agate, four fteps above the road, in the middle of a dwarf wail, which completes the fquare, and gives the fra- ternity a near view of all that paffes. The warden and brothers tifually attend the cathedral in gowns every Sunday morning. Sir John, in his book of ordinances of this hofpital, directs that the warden fhall be appointed by fuch of the furname of the founder as fhall be owner of Bettefhangcr (if not under age) ;. or, in default of them, by fuch of the fame name as fhall be owner of Fredville [thefe were two of the numerous feats of that ancient family in our neighbourhood] ; in default of thefe, by the dean of Canterbury for the time being ; if no dean, by the mayor of the city; if thefe fail to nominate in two months,, then, after proper notifications, by the archdeacon. " The feats being now in other names and families, our deans- have for many fucceffions been mafters here, and as fuch, on any vacancy of brethren or lifters places, nominate two perfons- ftatutably qualified to the mayor, who chufes one of them." 9. Cog an's House, in St. Peter's- itreet, which was given by will,. Jnly 27, 1657, by a citizen of that name, in truft to the mayor and corporation, for the habitation of fix poor widows of clergy- men of the diocefe of Canterbury, and endowed with the lands of the late archbifhop in Littlebourn ; but thefe being relumed at the Reftoration, the houfe alone remained, unendowed. This was, however, in 1696, in fome meafure compenfated by the benefaction of Dr. Aucher, a prebendary of the cathedral; who 1 vefted an eftate in truitees for the payment of ten pounds a year to fix clergymens widows, and gave a preference to thofe in Cogan's houfe. Five guineas a year are alio given to each widow by the Society for the relief of the widows and orphans of clergymen* 44 S ANTIQUITIES IN KENT. clergymen of the diocefe. This houfe was very lately put into fubttantial repair from private fubfcriptions. The prefent truf- tees are the rev. Heneage Dering, D. D. John Benfon, D. D, John Lynch, LL. D. (Prebendaries), Thomas Hey, M. A. and Francis Gregory, M. A. 10. Smith's Hofpital, in Longport, from the name of the founder, John Smith, efquire, in 1657, for four poor men, and four poor women, who are nominated by William Hougham, ■efquire, of Barton-Court. 1 1. Harris's Alms-houfes in Wincheap, built by a gentleman of that name in 1726, for five poor families, nominated by Richard Elarris Barnaul, efquire, one of the aldermen of the city, grandfon of the founder. And, 12. Some alms-houfes near Riding-gate, founded in 1778, by the rev. Mr. Byrch, above-mentioned, for fix poor women of his nomination. A P P E N- [ 449 ] APPENDIX. •Mayxard's Spital, founded 12 Edward II. A. D. 13 17, in Love-lane, now called Ho/pi 'tal-lane^ in the pariih of St. .Mildred, in Canterbury. /. s. d. Revenues of the eftates at the foundation, per can. 370 Befides Brotherhood Wood, of nine acres, and Brotherhood Clofe, of one acre and a half adjoining, in the pariih of Fordwich. The income of thefe eftates in 1600 was 20 4 o March 21, 1604. Leonard Cotton, gent, (mayor of the city in 1380), by his will, of this date, recites, that " he meant to increafe the number of poor in Maynard's Spital, and had erected three rooms, or lodgings, in the faid Spital, for three poor perfons, viz. one poor man, and two poor women, to be placed therein by the mayor for the time being, out of the pariih of St. Mar- garet, if any there capable ; and if none fuch there, then out of the pariih of St. Mildred ; and if none capable there, then out of the county of the faid city capable thereof." And fuch poor to be a widower and widows of good and honeft conver- fation ; merely poor, and of the age of 50 years at lead." And for the perpetual maintenance of fuch poor, the teftator gave to truftees " a tenement, with the appurtenances, in St. Mar- garet's in the faid city, and another tenement, with the appur- tenances, in St. Margaret's aforefaid, and another tenement and orchard, with the appurtenances, in Winecheap, in the pariih. of St. Mildred, in the faid city; in truft to continue the fame for the ufe and maintenance of fuch three poor perfons in the faid hofpital for ever," as by the faid will fully appears. O o o This 45 o ANTIQUITIES IN KENT. This truft has been faithfully difcharged and perpetuated. The eftates given by the teftator are leafed out, and produce a clear income of 4I. 17s. 6d. per quarter (or 19I. 10s. per ann.),. for which the mayor gives his receipt, and the money is col- lected by the prior of Maynard's Spital, and paid to the three poor in Cotton's foundation quarterly. N. B. The three houfes founded by Cotton are the upper.- moft next Cauie-ftreet. November 3, 1703. The houfes of this hofpital were blown down by the great ftorm. And foon after, the mayor, alder- men, and common-council drew 7 up a petition in behalf of the poor brothers and lifters, for a fubfeription to rebuild the fame. To this the mayor and commonalty,, collectively and individually,, were large contributors; as were the archbifhop, dean and chapter, members for the city, the principal inhabitants, and many of the neighbouring gentry ; and alderman Oughton, then chamberlain, received the fubferiptions, amounting to 30 il. 6s. 6-M. Sept. 33, 1707. At a court of Burghmote, the mayor and four aldermen were appointed to forward and overfee the work. The prefent houfes and chapel were erected in 1708,. and coft 2991. 4s. 2d. as appears by the faid chamberlain's accounts, April 30, 1768. Thomas Hanfon, of Crofby-fquare, London, efquire, by his will of that date (proved March 10, 1770), be- queathed to this, Eaftbridge and St. John's hofpitals in Canterbury, the intereft of 50c!. each to be inverted in the funds, which amounts to 17I. 10s. each a year, and is half-yearly divided among the refident brothers and fillers, by the mayor, and alder- men who have been mayors, purfuant to the faid will. April 23, 1 77 1. William Rigden, of the city of Canterbury, brewer, by bargain and fale (enrolled in chancery, 29th of the fame month) veiled in truftees a mefluage and fmith's forge in 7 the MAYNARD's AND COTTON's HOSPITALS. 4.51 the faid city, in HawkVlane, in' trull', to apply the rents in the reparations of Maynard's and Cotton's hofpitals : And if any iurplus ihould remain, the lame to be yearly paid and divided among the brothers and fillers of Maynard's 7 houfes, who ihould be conftantly refident, as the faid truitees ihould think fit to divide the fame among them. The faid William Rigden died November 29, 1776, aged 82. The annual rents of thefe two hofpitals (including the above- mentioned 7I. paid by the city), in the year 17 12 amounted to 36I. 1 2s. per ann. and continued nearly the fame to 1770; when it appearing that ieveral abufes had been committed in the management of the revenues, the mayor and commonalty, in their court of Burghmote, appointed a committee to examine into them, which committee made many regulations and alter- ations for the benefit of the hofpitals ; and a like committee is trill continued. The annual rents (including the 7I. paid by the city) amount to 46I. 4s. on the old foundation. The fines, on renewal of leafes, have been,, from the year 1770, very con- fiderably increafed. And there is no doubt but that, if the mayor and commonalty continue to patronife and protect the poor of thefe hofpitals with the fame attention, its falutary effects will be farther extended. All leafes granted by the prior, brothers and filters are [as in the archiepifcopal hofpitals] with the advice and content, of the matter, who llgns them, and affixes the common teal. A complete account of all the revenues of both thefe hof- pitals will foon be made out, and hung up in the chapel. May 2 3, 1785. W. L. The 4 - ANTIQUITIES IN KENT. The feal of St. Gregory's priory (fee p. 420.) is exhibited in plate X. fig. 1. The fecond feal in the fame plate is that of Maynard's hofpital (fee p. 435.); the third is that of archbimop I flip, defcribed in p. 267 ; the fourth is a feal found fome years ago in the garden of Mr. Lacy, town clerk, in Hawk's-lane, Canterbury. The few ruinous remains of St. Thomas's Chapel in St. Gregory's, mentioned p. 421. and drawn by Mr. Perry in plate VIII. fig. 2. have within thefe two or three years been removed to make way for the plough. — — Seges eft ubi facra fuerunt. Ipfa periere ruince. Page. 78. add, archbifbop Courtney, gave to this hofpital 5 marks; and left St. John's hofpital 5 marks, by his la ft will, as a legacy. (Ex Reg. eccl. Chrilli, Cant';) 179. note,, for " p. 175" read pp. " 195 and 276." 1S0. 1. 8. for " plate IV." r. " plate VI." and 1. 11. for * V." r. IV." 181. In Difburfements, 1. 2. r. " two" out-brothers and " three" out-fiflers and 1. 4. — " thirteen" out-brothers and " twelve" out-lifters 199. 1. 3. from bottom, r. " reafon" 200. 1. 2. for " or'' r. " viz." 1. 10. for « Mr." r. Dr." note * for" went'' r. " was elecled" 236. I. 18. for " plare IV." r. " plate VI." Dr. Chapman died Oct. 14, 1784; and his valuable library has been fince fold byau&ion (1785), by Meff. Leigh and Sothcby. 273. 1. 27. for" plate IV." r. " plate VI." 295. note II. 1. 1. r. " calamitous" 32 1. .after 1. 18. add " See his feal, plate VI. fig. 3." 345. note, add, This ruined chapel is engraved in Mr. Thorpe's Kentifh Antiquities, plate X. fig. 2. 360. 1. 20. r. " almonry " 421. I. penult, for " plare IX." r. " plate VIII." 443. note, r. " Delanoy" End of Number XXX. [ 4S3 ] HISTORY and A N T I Q^U I T I E S o t SAINT RADIGUND'S O R, BRADSOLE Abbey, near DOVER. In a Letter from the Rev. Mr. LYON to J. NICHOLS, SIR, Dover, June 4, 1785. ON the high ground about three miles north- weft from Dover ftand all the remains (which have efcaped the rage of reformers and the deftructive hand of time) of a religious houfe^ formerly belonging to the order of the Praemonftratenfes ; and now known by the name of Saint Radigund's, or Bradfole *. The fituation of this houfe, in the time of its profperity, appears to have been peculiarly adapted for rural pleafures, meditation, and health ; it being on a lofty and retired hill, free from the noife of the bufy crowd, and well planted with wood, which ferved to defend the inhabitants of this folitary maniion from the chilling cold of winter's blafts, and the fcorching heat of the fummers fun. The trees which for fo many years have afforded fhelter for this ancient ftructure againft the fury of the howling tempefts, 1 By Weever(p. 269, 281.) miftaken for two diftinit rnonallerics. P P p arc 45+ ANTIQUITIES IN KENT. are taken clown by the prefent proprietors ; and the few fcat- tered ruins are now left expofed to t-he fierce attacks of ever/ ftorm. There is no faying with any certainty, where, or by whom, this abbey was founded ; as authors feem very much divided upon the fubject ; and many of them appear to be only barely tranfcribers of thefr predecefTors'" errors and dbubfs. Weever l fuppofes this abbey was built by Hugh de Flori, or Floriaco, by birth a Norman^ and nearly related to William the Conqueror ; while Tanner % and others after him, think it was -founded by Richard the Firft, about the year 1 191 ; or by Jeffery earl of Perch, and Maud his wife, the parents of Henry de Wengham. The charter in the Monairicon . feems to affect all thefe ; but though it is not directly faid who was founder, it could not be Hugh I. abbot of St. Auguitine, for he died 11 24. A MS. in the Afhmolean Mufeum at Oxford (n. 1519.) refers flie foundation to Richard I. Certain it is, that king gave to the abbey and canons of St. Radigund's of Bradfole 100 acres of wafte on the hill adjoining to their houfe, as king John- did 100 more of land and briifh-wood {brufcia), all which were con- firmed to them by Henry III. and Edward II. 3 . By an extract from a will of- Thomas Poinyngs, knight, baron Peynings, we have realbn to conclude that this abbey was built by fome of his family ; for he directs his body to be buried in this abbey of- Saint Radigund's, in Kent, which, he fays, is of my foundation, in the middle of the choir, and before the high altar \ 1 Ubi fupra, 1 Not. Mon. p. 218., 3 Cart. 2 Hen. III. p. 1. rrw Cart. 8 Edw.' II. m. 17, 18. n. 33 per infpes* Mon. Angl. II. 244. f See p. 46-2. Dugd. Bar. II. 1 34. See the.Pedigree annexed. King ST. 'R-A DIG UNO's ABBEY. 453 King John by charter, dated Rouen, 24 April, in Che ilrft year ot" his reign, by the hand of H. ' archbifhop of Canter- bury his chancellor, confirms to this houie the fite of Bradefolc, with all lands and tenements given to them by his brother Richard and others; and grants in frankalmoign all his demefne land in River by Dover, lying on the vveit fide of Splintrindon- hill, between the lands of the prior of Dover and of Fulbert de Dover, in breadth and in length from Potton-wood to the White-way road ~. . There feems to have been a defign^of tranflktirig this abbey to the neighbouring church of Ryvere. Our records inform us, that in the ninth of John, thefe monks, either by their intereft, or their complaints, procured of the king a grant of his manor of River, with the church, pleas of court, and every other emolument and advantage arifing from his laid manor, to build their monaftery there ; but, after having obtained this ad- dition to their revenue, they were probably better latisfied with their lituation, as we hear no more of their attempting to re- move their buildings to a more convenient place. It is difficult at this diitant period of time from the foun- dation of the abbey, and from the different appearance which the face of the country has affumed by cultivation, to affigii the true reafon why this community wifhed to change the fite of their monaftery, from the hall, to. the valley. hether it wa6 a fcarcity of good water 3 ; whether it was inconvenient to procure the common necefTaries of life through the badnefs oi the roads ; whether ambition had fired the breaits of the feveral members of this fociety to approach nearer the road of prefer* r Hubert Walter. * j\lon. Angl. III. P. I. p. 69. from the Regifter of Bradfple in the hands of Win. Pierpoint, efquire, f. 3. J Leland's Itinerary, vol. VII. p. 103. •'_' There is on the hill a fayre wood, but frefh water laketh fum type." P p p 2 merit ; 45$ ANTIQUITIES IN KENT, rnent ; or, whether envy annoyed their peace,.. on feeing the rays- of royalty fometimes fliining on their more happy brethren in the town of Dover ; it is now impoflible to determine, as hiftory has caft the veil of filence over each particular. King John gave River church to build there the abbey,, which was at Bradfole. Ted. P. r bifhop of Win ton, by the hand of Hugh de Wells, archdeacon of Wells, at Porchefter, 26 Mar. a. r. 9. \ Thomas earl of Perche 3 confirmed the grant in frankal- moign of his father Geffrey and mother Maud, of all the land of his fee in Bradefole, held by Wm. Hecket and Emma his wife, with confent of Wm. de Polton and Stephen his heir, and pafture. in all Polton's land, with that part of Bradefole moor 4 , which Stephen Polton allowed them to enclofe, and all the land below the moor to the north, as far as the marfh 5 , marked by the new ditch, and all the eafements, and the marle- pit called Chamelettes Chalkpot, by Eftedefcumbe, and a way through Wm. Polton's land. The earl further confirms all the land in his fee given them by Stephen Polton his knight, viz. a piece of land called Edfredefcumbe, between the caufeway 6 leading to Hautam and Lovefheld, and another piece reaching from Edfredefcumbe towards Bernett, between the land called Shortfurlong and the faid caufeway, and through the valley called Stodes Edfredefcombe, to the land of the monks of Dover, called Bernett, .and the land called Littlecumbe andHeaggh Knoll, and the land called del. Teghe, containing 6 | acres lying to- wards Gorefeld and the Ofrilo, called Radeweye, and part of the field called Lovefheld, and a little piece of ground lying between ' Pater de Rupibus. 1 Regift. f. 47. Rot. Cart. 1 J. p. 1. m. 22-.11. 130. Cart. 5 J. m. 3. n. 16. Cart, 9 J. m. 2. n. 13. Cart. 17 John ni. 6. n. 44. 3 Pertici. "> Maura. ' More/a. • Catia, 5 the ST. RADIGUKD's ABBEY. 457 the fpot where was the meffiiage of Robert Strode and Bradfole moor, and the rent and occupation of a field called Straholefekl, and 4d. rent from the Lepers of Dover for land lying in Pultone vale, and all the tenements which Walter Pannentar holds of Stephen aforefaid, and the rent, fervice, and homage, and that acre formerly belonging to Brichtine and Malote, which the faid canons inclofed, and the acre wherein is the place called Swine- fole '. Robert Polton gave his manor of Polton cum pertinentiis. Teftibus Bertramo de Criolio tunc conftabulario and fiieriff of Kent, Simon his brother, &c. 2 . Hubert de Burgh, earl of Kent, chief juftice of England, gave the canons the church of Portflade for their fupport and for the relief of poor pilgrims that vifited them, faving only to Robert the parfon and Robert the vicar their penfions for life. Given by the hand of Luke, in the chapel at Evering, 28 Nov. - 6 Hen. III. 3 . He alfo gave them the church of St. Leonard, at Alderthoni, - for the building of their church, and afterwards to the ufe of the faints, to find lights for ever, faving to David the parfon his penfion for life 4 . Hamo de Crevequer, for his own foul and that of Maud d'Abrincis his wife, gave them the advowfon of the church of Altham (Alkham), and the chapel of Mauregge thereto be- longing 5 J Mori. Angl. lb. ex ecd. reg. 1 lb. f. 40. Carr. 19 Hen. III. m. 2. Pat. 35 Hen. III. m. 5. Fin. 6 Hen. ITT. de 1 parte manerii de Polton. Pat. 3 Ed. III. p. 2. m. 8. Pat. 15 Ed. III. p. 4. jii. 30. Pat. 22 vel 23 E. III. p. 3. m. 11. MS.Edw. Pvowe Mores. 3 Regift. f. ^94. 4 lb. f. 622. 5 lb. f. 508. Bertram ANTIQUITIES IN KENT. Bertram cle Crioll gave his manor of Combe for the main- t. nance of 5 canons chaplains to fay mafs for his foul and the fouls of all his predecelTors ; he alio bequeathed his body to be buried in their church '. Henry the Third gave them all that land in his manor of Kiver near Dover lying on the north-fide of Spiltrindone-hill, between the hills of the priory of Dover, and of Fulbert de Dover, breadthwile, and from Poltone-wood to Whiteway road, in length, together with the church of Revere, which they held by grant of his predecelTors in pure and perpetual alms ; alfo the church of St. Michael of rorteflade, which they held bv gift of Hubert de Burgh, earl of Kent, chief juftice of England; the church of St. Clement at Leifdone in Shepey, by gift of Robert Arficke, confirmed by Stephen archbifhop of Canter- bury 2 ; a mill near the manor-houfe of Rivere, and other lands purchafed by the king of Blan Corbel ; lands granted by Stephen Polton in Polton, with the chapel of the faid place; and 2 ~ acres of land formerly belonging to two women, Brittuna and Malota, and one acre of land near them, and all the land lying under their garden, and 9 acres, and a virgate of land lying on 1 lb. Reg. f. 205. - Omnibus, Sec. S. * permiffione divlna Cant, epus, et S.Rom' eccl' cardin' falut*. Noverit univ' veftra nos intuitu Dei, ct ob favor'em religionis, et pro neceflitate et utilitate novelle plantations domus s'cte Radegund de Bradefole, conceffifle dile&is filiis mis abBi et conv' ordinis Premonilr' ejufd' domus ecctiam S. Petri de Riveria cum pertin fuis, quam illuuris rexAnglia: J. eis mifericorduer conceflit ; habend* et tenend' in perpetuum in proprios ufus ; i'alvo tamen jure Johis de Riveria clerici imdiu vixerir, et falva vicaria c. folidos a nobis vel rucce'flbribus nris in ead' ecctia aflignand' capellano qui ad eorun ,' abbis eft conv' prefentationem ab archiepo in cackm inftitutus miniftrabit. Hits teflib', magro W. de Barden Wellen's, magro W. deTiln' Elienf archid'is, magro Elia de Derham, Rob' de Briftoll, magro Tho' de Frettum, in igro Waltero deEynemam, magro Wilto de Beanton, Auron de Kent f. * Stephen Langton. f Reg. Cant. MS. e coll. Wh. Kennet. the ST. RADIG U N D's ABBEY, 459 the weft fide of Polton wood ; tenements and homages which Walter Pannetar and Ofbert Swyfith held, and the field called Deltegee, and Sudholefeld, and Nordholefeld, and Eldemede, and in Wemede, and Grenefale, and two acres of land lying along- side of Aldcmede ditch, 3 acres given hy Stephen de Polton aforefaid, lying before the faid canon's gate. The fid king alfo confirmed the grant of Philip fon of Philip de Columbariis, of the church of Poitlinges ', and that of Henry de Wengham, dean of St. Martin's, London, of the church of Sibertefwand. This confirmation by infpeximus is dated at Wodeftoke, on the vigil of St. Mildred, 1257. Another infpeximus of the fame king, dated Weftminfter, 1 February, confirms the grant of Hamo de Crevequcr, of his garden at Alkham, with the church of Alkham, and the chapel of Maurigge thereto belonging \ The king's barons of Hee 3 certify to the abbot of the Pne- monftratenfes, that a certain fpot of ground among them called Blakewofe 4 , formerly fubjeft to the houfe of their order of Lavendene 5 , wherein were five canons and one convert, who, being unable to fubfift, were taken under the protection of the abbot of St. Radegund, and by him amply relieved, and their houfes repaired, which he did a fecond time after the war ' Omnibus, Sec. Hubertus Dei gratia Cant' archiepus falut'. Noverit univ-' veflra nos cartam nobilis viri Philippi de Columburiis infpexiffe; ex cujus infpeftione per- pendimus ipfam ecctarn B. Marias- de Polling Deo et ecctia? B. Rade<:LnJ de Brad- fole, et canonicis ibidem contuliffe ; unde et eiulern pia ipfius donatio perpev.i'm obtineat firmitatem cum authoritate qua fungimur confirmamus. Hiis teftibus : H. de Caflellion, archido Cant'; Ranulfo, thefaurar' Sarum; Magro S. de Syweil, thefaur' Lichfield'-, Wiil. de Bofco. lb. ex iiid. collect, 2 Mon. Ang. II. 244, 245. 3 Que re Hit be. *■ A priory of white or Premonftratenfian canons, or a cell, firft a cell to La» vendene Priory, after united to St. Radegund. Tanner, p. 218. 5 A Premonttratenfian. priory in the county of Bucks. Tanner, p. 29. had ANTIQUITIES IN KENT. had ruined them; the barons therefore defired to have the celj of Blake wo fc reftored to the abbey of Lavendene '. They had a rent in Rochefter, by grant of William Gernon, whole original charter was in biihop Tanner's collection, in the volume marked Jack/on^ p. 53. Their polTeffions in Havcking, Polton, Rijtng, Sec. appear from Pat. 18 E. I. m. 05. 50 acres in PiJJing from Plac. ap. Weftm. 20 E. I. rot. 49 Pat. 21. E. I. m. 12. vel 13. Pat. 33 E. I. p. 2. tn . .* Pat. 35. E. I. m. Pat. 21. 2 vel 3 Fin. 40 H. III. in Newenton, Alkbam> &c. Pat. 27 H. VI. p. 1, m. ult. vel penult. Sutton , Hale- mede y and Paddle/worth, Fin. 42 H. III. Other records cited by biihop Tanner relative to this houfe are Breve 6 E. II. Triu. rot. 6. Cart. 8 E. II. and Biihop Kennet 1 Viro venerabili ctno abbi Prremonftratens', Barones etui regis Anglis de Hee falutem. Eft quidam locus apud nos qui dicitur Blakewofe, quern a'iquando vidi- mus fubjeftum domui de Lavendene qua: eft de vro ordine, et fuerunt ibi tunc tem- poris quinque canonici et unus converfus : qui quidem locus eorum non potuit eos exhibere, et ipfi penitus oculo paftoris longe pofito deftkuebantur, etauxiHo per pro- vinciam inordinate vagantes fancta; religioni et maxime ordini vro multimoda fcan- dala qenerabant. Quod quidem poftquam capitulo veftro fuit prsfentatum locum ilium quam pauper et perfonis oneratus et fine Guftodia, contulerunt ecclefue S. Radegundis qua? fatis eft vicina. Abbas vero S. RadegunJis didtos fratres de Blake- wofe abobedientia abbatisde Lavendene per preccptum ordims abfoluras ad obedien- tiam fufcepit etdifperfos revocavit, domos eorum reparavit, debita lolvit, et locum tarn in fpiritualibus quam temporalibus nee fine propria: domus gravi diipendio laudabiliter ampliavit. Tandem tamen ingruente guerra qua; patriam iiram penitus vaftavit locus ille ad nichilum valde redj&us eft, quern quidem emus S. Rade- gundis poftea de burr's iuis plurimum reftauravir, et jupra priorem datum in pof- fefiionibus, redditibus, et ediriciis locupletavit; unde rogamus at-tenctus, et in Do nirio confulimuf, quatenus.non fciat veftra difcrecio quod di&a d ., is S. Radegundis didti loci de Blakewofe aliquatenus privetur n ffefiior.e, quia fern per vidimus c'ictam domum S. RadegunJis didum locum de Blakewofe in fpiritualibus ampjiantem et domum de Lavenoene eundem locum fpoliantem. Satis autem veftra novit dif- crecio quod facro docemus evangelio quod auferendum eft talentum a pigro fervo, qui non feccrit frufturn et dandum fervo bono qui ftuduerit dlud multiplicare. Vakat fanclkas veftra in Domino *. * K-i;t. Bradefole, f. 258. Mon. Angl. II. 71, refers ST. RADlGUND's ABBEY. 461 refers to others in Dr. M. Huttoji's Collections from Chrift Church priory regiiter '. Eefides the regiiter before referred to in the Monaflicon, bifhop Tanner * mentions Cartularies, in the hands of Henry Hamon of Sehng, in the county of Kent, eiquire, and another in the pof- feffion of Sir Cholmondely Dering, of Survenden. Though it does not appear that king John ever vifired Saint Radigund's in his journey to Dover, yet Edward I. 3 in the 30th year of his reign, in the month of September, and on the Sunday preceding Saint Michael, after mafs, received the great feal with his own hand, in the king's chapel 4 at St. Radigund's, and delivered it to William Grenefield, dean of Chichefter, his chancellor. Though Madox mentions the chancellor's ufing the great feal next day at the maifon de Dieu at Dover, I do not find that Rymer has recorded any public act, as figned and fealed there, at the time above-mentioned. The king's bufinefs was probably to confult s with his barons of the five ports, and their ancient towns, concerning the forces he fliould want to go againft the Scots ; as I find in November following, letters were fent to Robert de Burgherlh 6 conftable of Dover caftle, and to the mayors and bailiffs of the Cinque- Ports, and their ancient towns, demanding them to be ready 1 W. Kennet, 1223. Coll. * P. 218. 3 Madox's Hiftory and Antiquities of the Exchequer, vol. I. p. 72. John de Drokensford, keeper of the wardrobe, John de Caen, Robert de Bradelbey, Walter de Winterburn, Hary de Blanotefden, the king's almoner, the chaplains, and clerks, attended him on this journey. 4 Madox's Hiftory and Antiquities of the Exchequer, vol. I. p. 72. CI. 30 E. I. m. 6. dorf. 5 See Hiftorv of England, 30 E. I. * Rot. Claui". 30 E. 1. m. 1. or, Rymer's Fcedera, vol. II. p. 911, Q q q With 4 6 2 A N T I QJJ I T I E S IN KENT. with their men and mips, at Berwick upon Tweed, the place of rendezvous, by the Feait of Pentecoft ; in order to amil in quel- ling the rebellion in Scotland. Among the perfons who defired to be buried in the church, we meet with Bertram de Crioll, who died .... In the archiepifcopal regiftry at Lambeth, Reg. Sudbury, f. 84. a, is preferved the will, " d'ni Thomas de Ponyngs militis," dated at Slagham on St. Simon and St. Jude's day, 46 Edw. III. and directing his body to " be buried en 1'abbie de feint Radigundis, en Kent, q'eft de ma " fundacion droit en my le coer devant le haut alter ;" that a fair tomb fhould be placed over his grave with the image of a knight thereon made of alabafter, and iool. to be given to that abbey, part for the doome therof, and the remainder to be difpofed of in maffes and prayers for his foul. This Thomas was maternal great grandfon to Bertram de Criol, who was alfo buried here, as appears by the pedigree annexed. The revenues of this houfe were returned into the Exchequer 2,6 Henry VIII. at 98I. 9s. 2d. per ann. as Dugd. 142I. 8s. 9d. as Speed. At the diffolution it was granted to the archbifhop of Canterbury and his fuccefTors, in exchange for fome of the old eftates of the fee r . The following abbots of this houfe are from Mr. Mores's collection. Richard, 6 Hen. III. Henry, 25 Hen - I1T - Henry, 42 8c 49 Hen. III. John, 1 Ed. I. J. abbas S. Radegundis adftitit arch'epo Cant* ap Liminge, 1 S kal' Jul' 1279 \ » Tanner, ubt fup k Reg. Pcckham. fa Saint X N. ^ V V Bxadfole Abbev, Kent ST. RADIGUND's ABBEY. 463 Saint Radigund's Abbey has fhared the fate of many other monasteries in this kingdom fince the Reformation, as part of it is now fitted up for a farm-houfe, barn, and other neceifary conveniencies, and the remainder is left to crumble away. See plate II. here annexed, from Mr. Grofe. The gateway which leads through the Tower (fee plate V» >n the north fide of the buildings, appears to have been the principal entrance to the quadrangles, hall, chapel, and offices. There are ftill to be feen on the right, going crofs the quadrangle from the fame tower to the hall, the remains of feveral apartments, and on the left feveral ruins. The tower (fee plate I.) is built with flint, and is now about 40 feet high, and as many wide, and is covered with ivy in feveral parts of it. By the holes remaining in the walls, which formerly received the ends of timbers, we cannot doubt but there were two ftories, and the middle room in each, about 17 feet fquare ; with apartments at each fide of different dimenfions. . Between the tower and that part of the building now con- verted to a farm-houfe there are two quadrangles. The firfr, which extends to the fragment of the wall, as feen through, the arch, is 27 feet wide, and 40 feet long; and the fecond, which is bounded on the fide oppofite the gateway by that part of the building now the farm-houfe, is 65 feet wide, and the window is feen in the back front of it through the arch. It is generally fuppofed, that the church flood on the left going from the tower to the hall, as the burying-ground, be- longing to the Society, was on the fame fide of this quadrangle. Perhaps the inquifitive antiquary, upon a bare infpection of the feveral parts of the buildings now remaining, may endeavour to affign to each apartment its original ufe; but as this at the belt will be but conjecture, I do not think it 6 prudeuS 4 6 + ANTIQUITIES IN KENT. prudent to enter into fuch a wild field of {peculation, where the wifeft may err, and where the incautious mud be loft. St. Radigund was daughter of Berthier king of Thuringia; fhe was taken prifoner when very young, and falling into the hands of Clothair I. king of France, he caufed her to be care- fully educated at Ath, in Virmondois, and afterwards married her. She was a princefs of great beauty, but of greater virtue, being continually occupied in works of charity and devotion. Such was her mortification, that fhe conftantly wore in Lent a fhift of hair-cloth under her robes, befides iron chains, collars,- and even hot plates of iron ; vifited lepers, and perfons afflicted with the raoft naufeous diftempers, and abftained not only from flefh, but even from fifh, eggs, and fruit. Six years after her mar-- riage fhe privately withdrew from court, and at Noion fhe obliged St. Medard to confer on her the veil. She then retired to a religious houfe at Poitiers, where fhe fixed her re fide nee,' and built the abbey of Holy Crofs. The king her hufband would have forced her from her retreat, but was difiuaded from his defign by St. Germain, bifhop of Paris. After fuftaining a kind of continual martyrdom, fhe died in peace, Auguft 13, A. D. 587, on which day her anniverfary is kept, and was buried in St. Mary's church at Portiers '. To her, jointly with the Virgin Mary, was dedicated the nunnery founded at Cambridge by Malcolm king of Scots, 1260, con- verted by Alcock bifhop of Ely into Jefus College. If you think the view of the tower worth preferving, and the few remarks I have made worthy a place in the next number of your Kentifh Antiquities, they are at your fervice. Yours, &c. John Lyon; • Martyrolog. Vita fanflcrum. ST. RADIGUND'S ABBEY. 465 The following Letter was read before the Society of Antiquaries, 1766. S I R, INCLOSED is an account of what I havefeen and can recollecl: concerning St. Radegund's Abbey. If the ivory book and fieure therein mentioned mould be thought worth further in- ipection, they mall be produced whenever you pleafe. An ac- count of the Seal lately found in a garden at the antient town of Winchelfea, of which I herewith fend you the impreflion 1 , the fkeleton of three perfons found buried and ftanding upright, with each a flake at their backs, near a chapel of mine of the Auguftines at Rye (now a malt-houfe), and the ftones I mewed you taken out of the inteftines of a miller's horfe, &c. 8cc. muft, for want of time, be poftponed to a further opportunity. I am, S I R, Yours, Sec, Red Lion Square, June 5, 1766. THO. OWEN. * This we have not been able to recover. Edit. Rrr ON 466 A N T I QJJ ITIES IN KENT. ON a viiit not many years fince to a Captain of one of the King's packets at Dover (a man of fome fpeculation), he enter- tained me with the following account : That two ftra'rigers had then lately appeared at St. "Radiguiufs abbey, who brought with them hazel rods, pretending that treafure was oftentimes found in the ruins of fuch old buildings; and if there was any, by thofe rods they could difcover it; and begged leave of the farmer, who lived in the old porch of the abbey, to make the experiment. On entering a little parlour on the right hand of the porch, they declared, if he would let them dig under that room, they mould certainly find riches, of which they offered him a (hare. The farmer wanting faith, they declared they wei e lent from Rome, where it was regiftered that the image of the Virgin Mary in folid gold 1 was hid there. The floor was prefently taken up, and they dug feveral nights. Whether the object of their iearch was found, is not known. But the farmer fold off his flock, and bought a conimiffion in the armv. Soon after thefe it rangers were gone, my friend the Captain obtained leave to fend his failors to dig among the ruins. Near the E. end of the abbey chapel, they found, in a wooden box wKieh mouldered away, an ivory book 1 with gold clafps and hinges, about the fize of a fmall octavo, on the in fide of which is carved the wife men's offering, and on the other fide the crucifixion. They alio found the figure of a man of the fize of a large print on earthen ware glazed green, a fox and goofe on the fide of it, and underneath it 60. IAR. ABE GAN The failors kept the clafps and hinges, but gave the captain the book and figure, which he gave to me, and afterwards conducted me to the place. It is fituated, as near as I can guefs, about a mile on the right hand of the road from London to Dover, and three miles on this fide of it, and a mile to the left of the road 1 Sec an engraving and defcription of fuch a book (poffibly die very fame) in Gentleman's Tvlagazine, 1705, page 849. 7 from ST. RADIGUND'S ABBEY. 467 from Folkftone to Dover on the ridge of a hill ; the lands fertile round it, though the adjacent country is barren. It is almoft furrounded with a wood of large and high timber trees, fo as not to be feen at any diltance, there being no publick road to it except from Dover. Pafling through a fmall wood you are at once prefented with a view of its fpacious and venerable ruins. In front is a large fquare tower covered with ivy. On the right and left of it, part of the walls of the abbey facing the tower, Hands the gateway, now a farm houfe, in which I was ihewn by pulling up the parlour floor (which has never been re-laid fince the fearch) a vault ten feet deep, nine long, and four or five wide, cafed with ftone like that of Portland, On the fouth fide of the gate are the walls of the chapel, where the book, tkc. were found. On the right and left of it appear feveral other ruins, and many other large vaults. THO. OWEN, Red Lion Square, June 5, 1766. *## The manor, farms, and wood-lands, called St. Radigund's and Poult on, within two miles of Dover, containing about 80a acres lying together, with 80 acres of land at Dimchurch in Rumney marfh in Kent, were advertifed in the London Gazette,, Auguft 3, 17 10, to be fold by decree of the High Court of Chancery. Trademen ? s 4<5S ST. R A D I G U N D ' S A B B E V. Tradesmen's Tokens hTued in the Ifle of Thanet, and in fuch of the Cinque Ports as are fituated in Kent. (See Plate III,) jr. James Cotton, of Deals, 1653. 26. 2. Richard Study, in Dell, 1653. 9. John Lobdcll, in Deale, his half pe- 27. nv, 1669. 4. John Pittock, in Deal, 16(0. 28. 5. William Brothers, his half peny, in Deale, 1669. 29. 6. Peter Underwood, in Lower Deall. 7. Edward Chambers, in Dover, 1649. 30. 8. John Brian, in Dover, 1652. 9. Thomas Kite, in Dover, 1656. 31. 10. David Adamfon, in Dover, 1657. 32. 11. Robart Woodgreen, of Dover, 1658. 12. Martha Fford, in Dover, 1659. 33. 13. JohnHaynes, Baker, in Dover, 1655. 34. 14. Dover Farthing, 68. 15. Roger Rogers, in Dover, 1665. 35. 16. Robert Woodgreen, in Dover, 1666. 17. Katharen Gardner, in Dover, chan- 36. ler, 1667, her halfe penny. 37. iS. For the Poore of Dover, a halfe 36. penny, 1668. i<). 19. Thomas Piearce, junior, of Dover, 40. 1669, his dubble token. 20. Pines Kite, in Dover, 1670, his half 41. peny. si. James Homard, Baker, in Dover. 42. 22. 'I homas Sharnal, in Dover. 23. John Thomas, Grocer, in Dover. 43. 24. At the Queene of Bohemia in Do- ver, , C M , , _ 44. 25. Edward franklin, his half'-peny, of 45. Foulfton in Kent, 70. 46. David March in Hythe, 1669, his half peny.' Jo n . Baflett his half peny, 1670, in Hythe in Kent. Richard Langley, at Marget in Kent, his halfe peny, 1667. Steven Greedier, his half peny, of Marget in Thannet. Chrefton Houdgben, of Marget in Kent. Jofeph Mackfith, Margeret in Kent. John Dyer, his half peny, of Minder, in Kent. Richard Baker, in New Romney. Hen. Noldred, in Romans Get in the Ifle of Tenner, his half peny. Clement March, at Romans Gat ia Thanet. Richard Crifp, in Sandwich. Ralph Piobins, in Sandwich, 1655. David Rogers, in Sandwich, 1606. Richard Alherniden, of Sandwich. John Revell, in Sandwich, his half peny. Thomas Sandum, in Sandwich, 1667, his half peny. Henry Furnice, in Sandwich, his half peny. John Vandebrouck, in Sandwich, 1656. Thomas Thomfon, at Stoowry, 1650. Thomas Parfoen, in Dell, 1658. Richard Langley, of llamfga e, 1657. N 01 1,2, 5, 6, 7,9, 11, 14. 19. 2 4> 26, 27, 29, 30, 34, 35, 36, 37, ;8, are en- graven from the collection of ray late excellent tnend Mark Cephas Tutet^ Elo. F. A. S. whofe valuable collection of curiofities is loon to be difperfed by public auction, in confluence of the exprefs directions of his Lift will. N 05 }, 4,8, 10, 12, 13, 15, 16, 17, 18, 22, 23, 32, 39, are from the collection of another friend who dial whillt this plate was engraving, the late Dr. Ducarel, F. R. and A. SS. whole catalogue mentions alio " a token of Wm 'fillet, of Dover, " miilaid." This gentleman's large collection of antiquarian books, prints, coins, &c. L al b defi ined To the aucYione r's hammer, by the nephew of the Doctor, who fondly hoped they won't! have been preferved as "heir-looms" in his family. N ' 20, 21, 25, 28, and 35, arc from the cabinet of the Rev. Mr. Southgate, j^os . — 46 were obligingly communicated by William Boys, Efq. of Sandwich, F S. A. long after the other part of the plate was engraven. Hate HI ./• (68. [ 4^9 ] THE MOAT near CANTEIIBURV; Plate IV. IN St. Martin's parifh at Canterbury, is the Moat, antiently called the Wyke, either from Fordwich, adjacent, tor it adjoins to it, faith Somner, p. 3. at a place called Wyking Smerke, or rather, perhaps, becaufe formerly a place of ftrength. It is a houfe of note, and formerly had owners of the nam,; of Wyke. Stephen de Wyke pofTeffed it 20 Henry ill. paying aid for it at the marriage of Ifabel the king's filter. But in the beginning of the reign of Richard III. it came into the hands of Sir Richard de Hoo and William Skippe, who fold it to Simon Spencer, and he to John Sandford, gent, from whom it went the fame way to Richard Smith, and thence to John Ea/ljield, efquire, fon of Sir William Eaftfield, K. B. and Lord Mayor of London, 1438. From him it went by fale to William Rogers, who by a fine levied 23 Henry VI. fold it to Philip Belknap, efquire, mayor of Canterbury, 1458, and fheriff of Kent the year after. He married Elizabeth daughter of John Woodhoufe, efquire, whofe only daughter and heir, Alice, carried it in marriage to Henry Finch, of Netherfield, efquire, and hence it came down to John Lord Finch, who was created baron of Fordwich, by Charles I. ■when he was keeper of the great feal. From him it came to be in the poffeffion of the right honourable the earl of Winchellea. It had antiently a chapel belonging to it, in which divine fervice was celebrated by licence from Richard Oxenden, prior of Chrift Church, 1333 '. 1 Richardus permiftione divina prior ecclefije Chrifti de Cantuar' dilefto fibi in Chrifto Domino Stephano de Wyke, capellano, falutem, &c. Ut in capella tua apud Wyke, decenter ornata in parochia S. Martin, juxta Cantuar' & jurifilictionis ecclefize noftra? immediate miffas celebrare poffis ac tibi & tuis ydoneis abfque parochial* juris quoad oblationes & parochialia jura hujus ecclefis prccjuditio canonice facere celebrari devotioni tu;e (fede Cantuar' vacante) autoritate noilra & capitule qua fangiiiur in hac parte tenore prefentium licentiam in Domino concedimus 1'pecialem. In cujus rei testimonium, &c. Dat. A. D. 1333. (Ex Archiv. in eccl. Chrifti Cant.) Appendix to Batteley's edition of Somner's Canterbury, I. Appendix, N° IX. S s s Thib 470 A N T I QJJ I T I E S IN KENT. This feat and eftate were purchafed of the Earl of Winchelfea, by Lord Chancellor Cowper, before he was ennobled; the neigh- bouring corporation of Fordwich being his fecond title. It was drawn by a friend of the late Mr. Duncombe, juft before it was taken down, in the fummer of 1785. Plate V. contains a View, by Series, of the famous monu- mental itones in the grounds of Mr. Bartholomew, at Addington Place in Kent, defcribed by the late Mr. Colebrook, in Archa^o- logia, v. II. p. 107; and in Mr. Thorpe's " Antiquities in Kent, within the diocefe of Rochefter," p. 68. Plate VI. is an exact Sketch of Hawkherft Church, in the Weald of Kent. Hawkherft is a large, pleafant, and well-inhabited village, par- ticularly defcribed by Kilburne in his Survey of Kent, who was a reiiclent at the place ; the church was an appendage of the abbey of Battele, till the Reformation, and is luperior in archi- tecture to moft of the village churches in the vicinity, raoft pro- bably from its connexion with that magnificent religious houfe '. Letter from the late ingenious Mr. Essex to Dr. Ducaree, containing Obfervations on Canterbury Cathedral. SIR, Cambridge, Feb. 1, 1760. If I may judge by the queftion you propofed to ine (in your letter to Mr. Webb) concerning the different thicknefs of the outer walls of the choir at Canterbury, you have fome fufpicion that thofe walls have been altered fince they were built, which alterations may have been the caufe of their extraordinary thick- nefs. If this is your opinion, as it is mine, then I fancy we are both in the fame opinion about other particulars relating to this church, though the fhort opportunity I had of feeing it did 1 See Gent. Mag. July, 1787. no t S j 8s S CANTERBURY CATHEDRAL 47 i not furniih me with all the materials neceffar.y to fupport my opinion. Soon after lr.y return from Canterbury, I took an opportunity of examining my memoranda made in and about that cathe- dral; and uponcomparing what I there obferved with Gervais's account of the burning and re-building the choir of Conrad (as it is published, with Edwin's plan, by the Antiquarian Society), 1 had fome reafon to doubt whether that account might be entirely depended upon. In the defcription which he gives us of Conrad's choir, and in Mi*. Batteley's plan made from that defcription, there were 24 columns in that choir, 9 of which ftood in a direct line on each fide, and fix more which formed a femicircle : 1 doubt not but he is verv ri^ht in his account of thofe that ftood in direct lines ; but, if my obfervations are not wrong, there were no more than 4 in the femicircle, which makes the number of columns in Conrad's choir but 22 in all. I have reafon to believe that this was not Gervais's miftake, but in copying his manufcrint where IV might eafily be taken for VI. After defcribing the church, he fays, in the year 1174^ *he glorious choir of Conrad was confumed by fire ; and that this choir zvas re-built from the very foundations ; which work was undertaken by William of Sens, a French architect, who was a. whole year in taking it down. Now I have fome reafon to doubt whether this account is al- together true ; for by my obfervations it feems, that as much of the prefent choir as is comprized between the great tower and the two little towers of St. Gregory and St. Anfelm is the greatoft part of the original choir of Conrad, and that all the columns, if not all the arches above them, with the vaulting of the fide ailes, as far as the eaft-crofs, belonged to that choir.. And it is my opinion, that the fire deftroyed no more of the building than the Monks' Halls, and the roof of the choir, which 7 at: 4/2 ANTI CLU ITIES IN KENT. at that time was only cieled with wood, and painted ; but that the faid ailes were not much hurt, being vaulted with flone ; nor do I fuppofe that any more of the choir was taken down than the femicircular end and chapel adjoining; and it is probable Ger- vaife meant no more, as the ancients often diftinguiihed that part by the name of Chorus. The taking down of this, with a pillar and two arches on each fide, for enlarging the openings into the Eaft-crofs, and fecuring the remaining arches, might be the work in which William of Sens, the firft architect employed the firft year ; and if this con- jecture is true, then the pieces of wood which have been fixed in thofe arches were tyes of his fixing to fecure the work till the whole was finifhed, as the arches could not well Hand without fome fuch continuance. If the building was not taken down, many alterations muft neceffarily have been made in it, not only to make it conformable to the new work, but for the convenience of vaulting the middle aile ; and fome of thefe alterations may be the caufe of that extraordinary thicknefs you obferve in the walls. I cannot fay that I obferved the different thicknefs of them, but that the 'inner part was of a different flile from the outfide, I noted in my pocket-book at that time. As I had not an opportunity of examining this building fo completely as I could wifh, I will not pretend to fay that I may not be miftaken in my opinion, though I have other obfer- vations that feem to confirm it ; but, as you have an opportunity of tracing the whole throughout, you may find fome pleafure in examining it. And if any obfervations that I have made upon the building can further your enquiry, I fhall be ready to anfwer, as far as they can a (lift me, any queries you pleafe to propofe upon that fubjecl ; and am, Sir, your humble iervanr, ' J A M E S ESSEX. o 4 £ i •3 fi; J H. - 9 " t> w f J K < [ *473 ] PLATE VII. here annexed was originally intended to have accompanied "Some Account of the Amphitheatre and Gas- " tle at Richborough ; in a Letter from Wn liam Boys, Eiq. " of Sandwich, F. S. A. dated Feh. 22, 1773," and addrefled to the late Dr. Due are l. But, in delicacy to the very ingenious writer, from whom there is daily reafbn to expect a particular hiftory of this famous Caitle, no more of his Letter fhall be ufed than barely to explain the references in the Plate. " I have carefully meafured the Amphitheatre, for fo I am inclined to call it, and the dimenfions are as you will find in the drawing®. The plow has been fo often over it (for the land is in conitant tillage), that it is impoffible to ascertain the extent of the arena, as there is no part of the bottom now level; and for the fame reafon, it is impoffible to be exact as to the figure and capacity of the whole. The plow has broken down, and thrown within and without the crater all the higher and thinner part of the rim, fo that its prefent form mull differ conliderably from the original. My method of taking the circumference was this: 1 found out the centre, and, Handing there with my eye about 5 feet 8 inches above the ground, 1 directed my affiitant to fix flicks in the ground, where a line from my eye was a tangent to a convex part of the rim, fo that I could well difeern the bottom of every ftick ; and as my eye was below the hori- zontal level of the rim in every part of it, I think I cannot have made the circuit too large -j-. The plan of the caftie (plate VII. fig. 2.) is taken by my eye from a correct one. The numerals and bearings arc correct ; the bearings not corrected for the variation. * See Plate VII. fig. i. f The circumference is 665 feet. If any part of the bottom of the hollow is more level than the reft, it is the fpace between (n) and (l>), 72 feet in dizaxtier, N° XLII. S s 3 a. The *474 CASTLE AND AMPHITHEATRE AT RICHBOROUGH. a. The building within the walls, which 1 traced out laft fumraer, is a folid mafs of mafonry. The furface around the crofs is perfectly level. It is a compofition of flint (tones and coarfe mortar ; over the whole is a coat of the fame fort of mortar about fix inches thick, extending to the edge of the platform all round, fo that probably there was never any wall or other building erected on it, excepting the crofs, which is compofed of the fame materials, with fome fquared ftones re- maining in the facings, and rifes from three to four feet above the furface of the platform. In the angle at (a), fomebody with infinite labour has endeavoured to penetrate into the crofs and platform ; but was obliged to defift on account of the hard- nefs of the materials, after however getting about two feet be- low the furface. I dug quite below the building, and got in about 1 1 feet underneath it. It was like a folid rock, impene- trable by any inftrument whatever. By taking the level with an inftrument, I find the upper furface of the platform to be about two feet higher than the foundation of the walls of the caftle. At (b) the fame furface is fix feet under ground ; at (c) five feet; at (d) and (e) two feet nine inches. The view of Richborough Castle in Plate VIII. is from a drawing communicated by Mr. Douglas. I 473 3 On the URBS RUTUPI^ of Ptolemy, and the Limt>en-pic of the Saxons. By the Rev. James Douglas, F. S. A. Ms9»s cevujo XixJoiujoi KANTIOI, h oTg zvotei;. Aov&lviov. jc. vS. Aafousvoi'. y/x. vy. yu Poft quos maxime Orientales Cantii, in quibus urbes ; Londinium 20 54 o London. Darvenum 21 53 40 Dover. Rutupias 21 45 45 44 o Canterbury. THE antients had a city in Kent, which they fpeak of under the name of the city of the Rutupine Forts ; the fituation of which has not been fatisfactorily eitablifhed by any of our an- tient'or modern writers. The words of Ptolemy are e Py787T/a/, Urbs Rutupia. Our Bede fays, civ it as qua dicitur Rutubi port us t qui portus a gente Anglorum nunc corrupt} Reptucejler vocatus. And from this, Leland, Camden, Burton, and Lambarde affirm, that Richborough was a city, which they fet down as the Urbs Rutupia of the Antients. Rutbuby\ or Rutubi) is a monkifh perveriion of the plural Rutupic?, under which was considered the Rutupine Ports ; and which is not to be confounded with Reptace/ter, a port at fome diftance from the city : near to which was a ca/lrum, as the word cefler evidently implies ' : to be more clear as to the diitinction 1 See Rigid*. Generates, Chrqn, Saxon. Terminationes c after, cheftcr, ccafler,hc orce funt a 8. ceaycert, urbs, civitas, oppidum ; caftrum, cajhilum. See alio in Burton's Itinerary, where chejier, ceafier, cajkr, &c. are proved to be derived fram caftra, or places where the \ h.xJ\ formerly a walled ftation. 1 t t of 474 MR. DOUGLAS ON of the Ruthuby and Reptacefter of Bede, let us confider the root of Reptacefler. Reptacefter derives its name from the Britifli word RhydTuJithy reach or creek, which perfectly agrees with its fituation ; and which Camden calls a fandy-bay, from which Sandwich derived its name. Cefler was indiscriminately called by the Saxons Bert5, Benij, Beojr5, Bii|i5, Urbs, Oppidum, Bargus l ; hence the Reptacefter of Bede, and Richburg or Richborough of more modern times. I mull likewife add, that in the Regula Generalis of the Saxon Chronicle, Burg, burrow, or burh, fignifies civitas., arx, caflrum, municipium, oppidum, &:c. On the advent of the Saxons, but more efpecially when they made a conquefl of the ifland, they gave the name of Berg, an hill, to the commanding camps of the Romans, whether cancellated or not \ but if we adhere to the text of Bede, Reptacefire or Richborough only imply a caitle on a hill, a defence of a pofr, which is now actually to be fcen by the prefent ruins of Richborough, and which mull not be fup- pofed to have any affinity with Ruthuby. Mr. Somner, who was more a theoretical or fpeculative than a practical antiquary, as may be feen by his works, believes Sandwich to be this city. Dr. Batteley, who had a local opportunity of grubbing up a few antiquities of the lower empire at Reculver, the old Regulbium and twin port with Richborough, and to fupport an elegant Latin hypothesis, fixes the city where he made his collection ; by which means he enhanced the value of his difcoveries, and gained over many very learned profelytes. Thefe kind of deliria are extremely pleafing ; and they conflitute a principal delight, especially when they are feemingly authenticated by a concur- 1 See Spelman's Gloffary. rence THE URBS RUTUPI1. 475 rence of materials, which an ingenious antiquary can foon wreft to the text of his favourite fubjedt ; or, to fpeak with more in- dulgence, rhe fanguine antiquary will, on a curfory furvey of the materials before him, without any imputation of fallacy, be in- fenfibly cajoled by a fpecious appearance of things into an er- roneous furvey of the plan he is methodizing. It was for want of this caution, that this excellent claffick Dr. Batteley was ex- tremely indeliberate when he fpoke of thofe writers who furmifed that Canterbury was the Urbs Rittupia. " As to thofe perfons," fays he, or fomething to this purpofe ', " who fix the place at " Canterbury, though in other refpe£ts men of learning, it " would be only loft labour to confute them." I fhall bring forward fome reafons in the face of this anti- quary's afTertion, and attempt to prove that the Urbs RutupicB was at Canterbury. I make a diitinvftion between the Urbs Rutupia of Ptolemy, and the Rutbubi or Reptacejler of Bede. With the greateft pro- priety, and well fuiting the elegance of a clafiic writer, Canter- bury might be called by Ptolomy the city of the Rutupine ports, for which purpofe, in a fubfequent pafTage, I fhall advert to the importance of the place, and fhew that it had challenged from the earlieft time the refpeetable name of a chief town, or caput Imperii. Chit as qui dicitur Rutubi portus, qui portus a gents Anglorum nunc corrupts Reptacefter vocatus. Rutubi and Reptacejter here leem to imply the fame place. The miftake is in the ac- ceptation of the word civiias, which, inflcad of city, fhould be read tozvn. The precife letter of the text has been the occafion of all the controverfy and disagreement of Lambarde, Lcland, 1 See Dr. Batteley's Antiquitatcs Rutupinx. 5 Twine, 47 6 MR. DOUG LAS ON Twine, Somner, Batteley, and others, concerning the locality of this place, for Bede had certainly confounded the Urbs of Ptolemy, with the haven or port. A learned monk of his age, well verfed in the Greek tongue, cloiftered all his life at a diftant quarter of England in the North, near Durham, might eafdy be indued to apply the civitas or urbs of Ptolomy, to the haven town of Rutubi, which I have fhewn before is a monkifh corruption of the Rutupia, the Rutupine ports ; and this we fhall actually find to be the cafe, for in an old and cu- rious tranflation of Bede by Stapleton, printed 1565, the above paffage is thus tranflated ; the firft haven towne whereof to arrive at, for a man coming out of England, is called Ruthuby ; the haven whereof is now corruptively called Reptacefter. Can any thing be more clear r Again, we have the diftance marked from Calais, the port of the Morini, to this town, which is here by Bede con- founded with the Urbs Rutupia of Ptolemy ; it is computed at forty miles ', fome fay Jixty. This diftance mould be applied to the Urbs, not to the haven near the town ; for prefently we mall find, that as there was a city of the Rutupine ports % fo there was a town to the haven, and which were by the old credulous Durham monk 3 funk into the fame name ; to the confufion of many of his honeft readers, who placed too much confidence in the miracles he has recorded, and the correct naration of his hiftory which he has tranfmitted to us. The different accep- 1 -Richard of Cirencefter rails it 46 miles in his Itinerary. " 2 I conceive Do pr to hWve been called one of the Rutupine ports. 3 Lambarde, \\\ h fome humour, fays. " 1 wote well this writer is called vene- " rabilis ; but when 1 read this, and a number of fuch (meaning his miracles), " which make the one half of his work, I fay with myfelf as tome time did the •" Poet, " Quandocunque oflendis mihi &c } '-' Increduius odi." tations THE URDS R U T U P I JE. 477 tations of the diftance from the Rutupine more, to this haven town of Bede, but which is the city of Ptolemy, perfectly accords with the different acceptation of authors of the Forties Itius of Ccefar ', who have been as much at a lofs where to fix this port of the Morini as Antiquaries the Rutubi of Bede, fome fixing it at Calais, fome at Boulogne \ In Bcde's time I 1 See Cluverius, Somner, Battelv, and others. The real fituation of the Portus Itius we fhall find to be at Calais ; and this will perfectly accord with the diftance of the port or" the Morini to the Urbs Rufupia or Canterbury. Csefar fays, he fet fail from a part of the Morini, " quod inde erat " breviffimus in Britanniam transjectus," and arrived on the coaft of Britain ; but not judging it expedient to land where he found the enemy on the Clifts, wlvch place was undoubtedly Dover, he faid failed, to ufe his own words, " circiter rrillia *' pafium, vin ab eo loco progreffus, aperto ac piano littore naves conftituit." Thus the diftance of this port of the Morini to the place where he landed is thirty miles ; therefore adding the diftance from Calais to Dover, and from thence to Deal, the thirty miles are afcertained. The quotations from Strabo and Pliny, to prove that St. Omer's was the Portus Itius, only confirm the abfurdity of this fup- pofition •, for CaM'ar again fays, " Atque omnes 2d Portum Itium convenire jubet;" and that from thence to Britain he knew was the fhorteft way. He calls it thirty miles ; but it is evident, he means to the place where he was to land ; fcr of what advantage would it be for him to talk of the fhortnefs of the diftance, if he could not arrive at that diftance? Dover he could not, but Deal he could-, therefore Deal was the fhorteft pafTage from the Portus Itius, and which exactly correfpends with Casfar's thirty miles. Thus eftablifhing Calais to be the Portus Itius, and taking the diftance from thence to Canterbury, it will, with fome little variation in the meafurement of old and modern Englifh miles, produce the forty miles men- tioned in Bede. I have had occafion to print this remark before: I fhall therefore ufe my own words, by obferving, that it is impoflible for St. Omer's, or Boulogne, as fome have imagined, to be the Portus Itius of Ccefar ; for his Commentaries fay, " that eighteen fhips of large burthen, with cavalry on board, were wind-bound at a place eight old Englifh miles diftant from the Portus Itius ; which, with Dr. Halley, I believe to be Graveline, or the F&FOppiayj>v enmm of Ptolomy. It is obvious, that no port, or harbour, that meafures eight miles from this port of CaTar, can be found near St. Omer's or Boulogne. Why not therefore fupport Mr. Horfley ; and, with all fubmiffion to the learned Somner, Battely, Cluverius, and other Antiquaries, who have written on the fubjecf, fix the Portus Itius of Cselar at Calais?" U u u am 47 8 M R. DOUGLAS ON am inclined to think that Richborough was difufed as a port, being blocked up in part with fand ; which we find now to be the cafe in a great meafure with Sandwich, as year after year much accumulation of mud is thrown up in the haven. In Stapleton's tranilation there is a note, which fays, that this haven, meaning Rept ace iter, is lofl by the irruption of the fea ; this in a great meafure alfo clears up the mi ft of this confufed paiTage. The place which modern Antiquaries now call Richborough, or Reptacefler, is an elevated fpot of ground, on which is lituated the remains of a walled ftation of the Romans, built in the time of Theodofius, as a defence for the lit t us Saxonicum : it is a fquare of 105 paces on one fide, and 150 the other, accord- ing to the Roman order of laying out camps, a third part longer than tlieir breadth. It is impoffible this place could have been the haven by its elevated fituation ; and, I am lure, by its want of fupply of water, it could never have been inhabited by a peaceable or a civil community as a town. The haven, therefore, was at a little diftance towards the confluence of the river or aeftuary, and fallen into decay by the choaking up of the channel, and fo in time finally loft. I do not by any means think it improbable that Sandwich might have arifen from the decay of this haven. According to Lambarde, fome writers con- ceived this place to be the Reptachefter of Bede, againft whom this Antiquary does not produce a reafon of the fmalleft cogency; but, be this as it may, it feeins this haven, to which the cajlrum of the Romans, now vulgarly called Richborough, was a mural defence, is now not known ; and were it known, I am perfuaded, it would only be proved to have been the fimple haven, a trifling landing-place for paffengers, which, as I have before obferved from Camden, was called Rhyd, a creek, harbour, or berg, and to THE URBS RUTUPIE 479 to which the cefter or berg at a little diftance from it was a military depot, or protection to it ; hence we have Ryd-cejtcr, Repta-cejler, Rhyd-burg, Ricbborougb, or Richborow ; but which is in every acceptation, and in every rational conception, totally different to the Civitas Rutubi, or Urbs Rutup'uc, the city of thefe ports. Let us now fhew where Bede has confufed his readers by his mifconception of the Urbs Rutupicz. In his time the cafira of Reculver and Richborongh were deftroved, their con- fequence forgotten ; confequently their real name perverted by the Saxons. In the Itinerary of Richard of Cirenceiter, we find the ftation under the name of Rhutupium Colonic, where the II Legio Aug. was ftationed, and which Richard, from the error of his time, alfo calls a city. What affinity is there in this to Repta-cejler f It implies one of the Rutupine ports, Rhutupium being the lingular number : but Repta-cejler is the vulgar per- verfion of Rutubi, fays Bede, Rhutupium he mould have faid, if he had faid any thing. According to Lambarde, Repraceaj-rejt is a Saxon name. What confufion ! he fays it is derived from Rwyd, a net, a Britifh word ; doubtlefs it was fo named by the Britons after the departure of the Romans, prefixing their name to the cajtra, the cejler of the Romans. Hence we get a clear definition of the cefier and Burgh or Burrow, the Britons prefixing the name of cejler to the cancellated ftations which they occupied on the departure of their friends the Romans; while the Saxons, on the capture of the fame itations from the Britons, called them Burgh or Bergs, in their own language, the fame implication, as I have before remarked, as Cejler or Cajlra. Hence we have the Repta-cejler of the Britons, and the Richborongh of the Saxons : the true Roman name of places U u u 2 being 4 § MR. DOUGLAS ON beino- tranfparted by the Romans themfelves ; and no* obliterated by fucceeding conquefts, or the manifett intention, as fome authors have iuppoied, of the Saxons to change the real names of places, and to tranfmit their own names to pofterity, as the hereditary owners of them. It may now be reafonably afked, why in Bede's time Canter- bury did not retain its claffical name among the Saxons ? which would have caufed Bede to have been clear in his civitas and portus. Bede lived an, Dom. 720; St. Auguftine arrived in Britain an. 582. Shortly after, I conceive the name of Can- tuaria to be given to it, Cantuaria, JEdes facra \ from the mag- nificent church he caufed to be erected. lc At Augufcinus con- " fertim ut Dorovernize fedem pofuit, templum quod ibidem, 11 magnificum erat, a Romanis, ut fama eft, olim fuis diis con- " ditum Chrifto dedicavit, in eoque metropolis pontifkis cathe- u dram locavit \" One hundred years and more is fufficient to change the name of a place ; and efpecially in thofe barbarous times, when letters were fo confined, a name would be foon for- gotten. But it is to be remarked from Matthew of Weft minfter, and alfo from Bede, that, at the arrival of St. Auguftine, it was called caput Imperii 3 , the chief town of the empire, and moft likely had the Britiih name of Caer Kent, the chief city in Kent. Hence, from thefe few examples, compared with the ftate of the times, it is not likely that it would have fuffered its claflical name of Dorovernum, or Dorobernia,. to be torn away from it by the Romans, who gave it the name of the Urbs Rutupia of Ptolemy ; 1 See Spelman. 1 See Polyd. Verg. lib. III. p. 64. 3 By the Mor.ks in the time of Matthew of Weftminfter, and Richard of Ciren- cefter, who certainly copied the errors of Bede, it was called Cantiapolis from Caput Imperii. See Richard's Itinerary, by Stukeley, p. 41. 6 a name : T H E U R B S R U T U P I JE. 481 a name of equal importance to the Caput Imperii, which the fequel will prove, there being no fuch place in Kent to challenge To refpcdtable a name as Ptolemy has prefixed to it. I hope I have fufficiently explained where Bede has committed the blunder, in tranilating Civitas Rutupia^ and confounding it with Reptacejler or Ricbborougb. Had he been cloiftered at Canterbury or in the neighbourhood, and not lived at the diitance of 300 miles from the fpot concerning which he has written, I conceive the nature of the coart, and the locality of abode, would have taught him better. His readers have alio been led blind- folded into the mire, when they read his Civitas a City, when it evidently implied a Town. Bede has blundered, and his readers have blundered more. I fhall now return to the text of Bede. " Qui portus a gente " Anglorum nunc corrupte Reptacejler vocatur." Somner ' fup- pofes that it loll: its name of Rutupium, and was called by the Saxons Luiroen-pic, the haven or port of London. I mould think it was not poffible for fo learned a man as Somner confefTedly was, to lofe fight of common fenfe in this inftance ? How could this port lofe its name, if it was called Rep- tacejler ^ or Ricbborougb, by Bede, who lived in the Saxon sera ? Is it not alio very remarkable that he did not in this cafe make a very natural inference, and fully eftablifh the following principle, which arifes from the difagreement of the paflages : T'bat tbe name of Lunt>en-ric was not confined only to one baven or port, but was alfo common to fever al on tbe coajl of Kent ; perhaps towns as well as ports, that led to London f Mr. Somner, in citing a paflage from the Textus RofFenfis, confounds the Liuvsen-'pic of ' See his Treatife on the Roman pons and forts in Kent. Rutupium- 4 8 2 MR. DOUGLAS ON Rutupium with Regulbium, evidently another port to London, which we fhall hereafter clearly find. Let lis confront thefe paf- fages. " Milthredce vero abbatiffie de Menftre, in Infula Thaneti, " dedit libertatem thelonii ac totam exactionem navigiorum, fibi " et antecefforibus fuis jure publico in Londinenfi portu primitus " competentem, cartaque fua confirmavit." This port of London is evidently Reculver, fituated in the lfle of Thanet. The extract was made by Mr, Somner from a book in St. Auguftin's abbey at Canterbury, which relates to a charter granted to Minftre abbey in that ifland by Ethelbert, one of the Kentifh kings. The other paffage is from the Textus Roffenfis, to this purpofe: If any Kentijh-man Jhall buy any thing in Lunden-wic, let him take with him two or three honejl men, or the king's portreeve^ to witnefs, &c. Mr. Somner confeffes, by this paffage in the laws of Lothaire and Eadrie, that the place here meant was not only a market, but the emporium, or chief market-town, in Kent, which he concludes to be Sandwich, where he fixes the Rutupium or Ruthubi of Bede ; but it w r as evidently Canterbury '. We will now turn to the Lunden-wic of the Earl Saxons, of which place Mellitus was made bifliop, an. 604. Bede fays, " In this year * { Auitin, Archbifhop of Britain, confecrated two bifhops, Mel- " litus and Juftus. The former to preach to the province of il the Eaft Saxons, which is feparated from Kent by the Thames, " and joined to the Eaft fea ; the chief city of which is London, " fituated on the banks of the Thames, a princely mart, and " much frequented by people from fea and land." This is confirmed, by all the five manufcripts, to be London, and not Sandwich, without Bede's authority. The Cottonian reads Lunt>a-]pic. f See Lib. II. Cap. III. I am T H E U R B S R U T U P I M. 4S3 I am alfo inclined to believe the Lunben-pic cited alfo by Mr. Somner, from whence Boniface failed to Friefland to convert the Heathens in the reign of Ina the Weft Saxon king, to be Re- culver or Regulbium '. Immenjis peragratis terra partibus, he traverfed the country to the eaftern parts of England, to the aforefaid port, and not to Richborough, Rutupium, or Sand- wich, which have no fpecified name of Lunden-wic, as Reculver is found to have from Mr. Somner's extract of the grant of king Ethelbert to Minftre abbey in the ifie of Thanet. From an ar- gument of this conclulive nature, I fliall therefore, in my own judgement, eitablifh this Saxon name of Lunden-wic at London, Canterbury, and Reculver, the port to which the caftle of Rich- borough was a defence ; being at this aera difufed or blocked up ; and Sandwich only opened perhaps a century or more after it. The Lunden-wic where Mellitus was bifhop, was London. The Londen-wic cited from the Textus Roffeniis, concerning: commerce at that place, was Canterbury ; and the Lunden-wic fo called in Ethelbert's grant, Reculver. Sandwich does not appear to have been mentioned before an. 979, three hundred and feventy-five years after the above mention of Lunden-wic, I think, therefore, with great reafon, we may put this place out of the queition. Thus we find there has been as much confufion and unintelligible difcuffion raifed on the fubjectof Lunden-wie. % as of the Urbs Rutup'uv ; the whole ariling from various accep- tations of thofe places by the antients, and to which a previous locality has not been eftablimed by them. 1 Willibaldus de vita S. Bonifacii, p. 354. 2 Pope and pic, or wich, are fynonymous in the Saxon, nor do they always mean havens or fea ports ; this is evident in framtun pont ufed in the S;ixon annals as Northampton, Portland near Sbrewfbury, Nortwich, Nantwich, awl Droitwich, the north of England, and fcveral other places, where they mean Urbs, Obpidum. Let 4$4 MR. DOUGLAS ON Let us now confider Canterbury as the Urfo'Ptijvirm of Ptolemy. The Romans had three ports of eminence on the coafl of Kent, Dover, Lynme, and Richborough ; from each of theie was a military way to the city of Canterbury. The road to Rich- borough is not to be traced at this day ; but it is doubtlefs the Romans had fuch a way, iince the Itinerary of Antoninus gives the diitance of miles from Richborough to Canterbury, as well as from the other two ports '. Hiitory does not only, as we fhall find, allign high antiquity and great importance to Canterbury as a city ; but thefe three principal ways, travelling and Con- centring themfelves in it, add validity to the ailertion, and prove that in the remoteit periods it mult have been a populous and much-frequented place. According to Dr. Somner, the fpeedy and miraculous progrefs of Chriftianity penetrated into this iiland as early as king Lucius % palling through thofe places that were inacceffible to the Romans 3 ; it alfo had infinuated herfelf in every place among the legions 4 . We have therefore every reafon to believe, that wherever they had their military eitablithments, there the caufe of religion would be favoured, by the erecting of temples, or places of Chriftian worfhip. From this consideration, and as Chriftianity was promulgated in this country on the earlieft advent of the Romans, according to Bede, an. 156, when Pope Eleutherius confirmed king Lucius, at which time the Britons received their faith ; we muft conclude this city to have been » See alfo the Iter of Richard of Cirencefter. 1 See Lambarde's Peramb. 3 Tertull. adverf. Judceos I. 4 Hefterni fumus et veftra omnia implevimus, Urbes, Infulas, Caftella, Muni- cipia, Conciliabula, Caftra ipfa, Tribus, Decurias. Vid. Tertull. Apologet. II. from Somer. a populous T H E U R B S R U T U P I JE. 485 a populous place and much reforted to; indeed, we are not want- ing in authors who attempt to prove it a city 900 years before the birth of Chrift. If, from the great fertility of its Situation, healthy air, its being fituated in a valley, through which the river Stour branches itfelf into feveral courfes, and uniting again, one branch of which runs through the city, advantages which mult ever tempt inhabitants to fettle in fuch places ; if conjecture can create a town from the earlier! time; I think it merits regard, and Ihould be efteemed accordingly. But indeed, were we to reafon from analogy, the faireit of all reafons when presumptive proofs are wanting, when do we find the (rations of a people in the re- moter!: times ever diverted of thefe advantages ? And when our notice is attracted to the places they made choice of, we always find them pollefling every commodious quality which the fili- ation of a country could poilibly afford them ; an election which is always compatible with human underftanding in its moll un- cultured date. If we obferve the country round Canterbury for feveral miles, we muft immediately decide on its being a fpot of ground nioft happily calculated to furnilh a people with comfortable abode. The hills which encircle it are replete with fprings, which add fertility to the valley ; their afcent is gentle, yet commanding ; and their diltance not too near to admit of a fudden furprize : for an enemy coming down upon the city mult be always ex- pofed, and give fufficient time for its inhabitants to prepare its defence. There are alio w r oods on the high grounds, which in early ages mull have been impaffable, and which muft have- proved a natural defence of themfelves ; indeed we have in a iimilar fenfe to feek no further evidence, when we find that, X x x in 4 36 M R. D O U G L A S O N in the time of king Ethelbert, it was the head city of his do- minions ; and his dominions were very powerful, ipreading as far as the Humbe r. A city does not fpring up like a mufhroom ; a concatenation of events mud concur to render it formidable ; it will take ages in rifmg to fplendor ; the fame of a place, and its convenience in refpect to opulence and commerce, increafe its power ; but be it alfo confidered, that a multiplicity of occurrences muft tran- fpire, before it can pofTibly entice the Sovereign to take up his reiidence in it, and in a country lb remote from the refined trans- actions of Greece and Rome ; efpecially when a Potentate, like Conftantine, has not the power of ranfacking the greateft city in the world for the fake of tranflating the capital of his empire into another quarter ; and when we may naturally fuppofe a multiplicity of circumftances are wanting to confer the neceflary magnificence on its founder. We thus find that hiftory and all other confiderations combine to prove the remote antiquity of Canterbury, as a place of note. Its importance to a people from commercial advantages, fitu- ated on a navigable river, near the fea, and at the fame time poflefling all the advantages of an inland town, by agriculture and the great fertility of its neighbouring foil ; Romans and others invited to it, from their zeal of religion, from intereft; and, to fum up all, itrangers or troops entering the kingdom, and inhabitants or troops pafTing out of it to any of the three chief ports on the coaft, muft have added to its fame and its con- fequence, efpecially as we have before obferved, that the three chief roads are there concentered. With thefe united advantages, what place is there to be found, on the coaft of Kent, that in thofe days could boaft of equal im- 5 portance r THEURBSRUTUPIiE. 487 portance? We have no account of any other city than Dorovernia, or one of the Rutupine ports. Our heir of Antiquaries ' had affigned Ricbborough to he this city. All others who have men- tioned the lame take their ideas from him. But be it remem- bered, had Ricbborough ever conferred upon it, that honour we not only mould have heard of fome remains of more confequence than coins, potfheards, or fome other trifling exuviae, being found there ; but we mould have found its fituation better adapted. A city muft be well fupplied with water : Ricbborough is too high for it. When the walls were erected byTheodofius, partly as a depofit for military ftores landed there, or for a fpecu- latorium for the Comes, the troops that would be {rationed on the fpot muft naturally entice families to fettle near the walls ; and moil probably the ground near them was inhabited, as in- deed feems evident by the blacknefs of the foil, and other ma- nifefl figns ; but, had it ever been raifed to the importance of a city, we mould long ere this have difcovered remains that would put it beyond a doubt, fuch as altars, inscriptions, and which have been frequently found at Canterbury. On this our argu- ment turns : for it is now well known, that this city could be placed on no other fpot than either Ricbborough or Canterbury. Ricbborough could not therefore in this fenfe be the Rutbuby of Beck but Canterbury. TheRutupian ports, with Dover andLymne, were it feems the only ports that led out of this ifland to the con- tinent in thefe days, at leaft the ports of any confequence. Whether Dover or Lvmne were the ports to which troops, military ftores, or merchandize, were tranfported, I very much doubt : indeed, I (\o not find that hiftory mentions them as fuch, or of any com- parative confequence to Ricbborough and Reculver ; I therefore con— ' See Camden,, ceive_, 488—492 M R « DOUGLAS, &c ceive, that as Bede has confounded the city with the haven, as is evident from his miles, the diftance from theRutupine Pnore to the firji baven town, io his Civitas qua dkitur Rutubi portus fhonld be tranflated Town, and his miles put out of the queftion ; or the fentence, according to Ptolomy, changed to Urbs Rutupia; by which his miles would agree with the diftance of Canterbury from the Portus itius, the fenfe be compleat, and the difpute finally fettled. N. B. I am obliged to Mr. Boys * of Sandwich for the firft hint, which fuggefted to me the materials of this paper, who, as a judicious and cautious Antiquary, was led to doubt the affer- tions of antient and modern writers, on the fituation of the Urbs Rutupitf.. J. D. * From this gentleman the curious may hereafter expect a full and fatisfacbory account of the iubject treated of in this Effay. Edit. Leland's account of the Portus Rutupbius is very concife in his Collectanea 111. p. n. " Julius cum Brirannis fuper -Barhondune pugnavit. Julius inchoavit caftel- " lum de Dovar. " Arviragus communivit caftellum de Dovar contra Romanos. " o3" Obturatus eft Portus Rutupinus, qui modo Dovar dicitur, Anno Domini I 2 - • " Forfan hoc nomine, quia portus commodiffimus erat R.omanis ex Gallia in " Britanniam trajicientibus." The firft three fentences fcarcely relate to the Portus Rutu- pinus ; but they immediately precede the above extracts in Ice- land, whofe remark on the name of this port is contained in the laft paragraph. C 493 3 M E M O I R S O F WILLIAM LAMBARDE, Efq; AN EMINENT LAWYER. AND ANTIQUARY. Compiled partly from his own Works, and from printed Ac- counts of him ; partly from private Papers preferved in his Family, and communicated to the Editor by Multon Lambard, Efq; his lineal Defcendant. DURING the fplendid reign of Queen Elizabeth, be fides thofe diftinguifhed perfons who filled the higher and greater itations of public life, and thereby made themfelves famous in hiilory, there were many others of inferior note and itation, whole eminent talents and ufeful labours juftly en- title them to be held forth as an example, and to be honour- ably remembered by porterity. It was a period, which was not only great and glorious in the public tranfactions of the nation, but .which alfo gave birth to many new kinds of learning, or ufeful improvements of the old. Modern learning of almofl every kind mull: go back to thefe times for the date of its very- beginning, or of its more fuccefsful progrefs. In fact, the yoke which had overborn both religion and learning was fhaken off, and men began to give ireefcope to their exertions. It is ufe- ful to obferve the confequence, either in general, or in any particular inftance. Y y y William 494 BIOGRAPHICAL ANECDOTES William Lambarde, or Lambard, the fubjedr. of thefe me- moirs, was one of thofe who diftinguiihed themfelves in a refpedt- able, though fecondary ftation, fulfilling the duties of it moil: faithfully, and was in that very refpect honoured and patronized by the great, and even perfonally by the Queen herfelf. His difpofition was benevolent, his mind judicious and ele- gant, his learning folid and deep ; and he devoted himfelf to the fervice of his country, in the profeflion and ftation which he filled, with unremitted zeal and labour. It is juit, it is ufeful, to preferve the remembrance of fuch a man, and to affign to him his due portion of praife. He was born October the 18th, 15 36, being the eldeft fon of John Lambard, alderman of London, and fheriff of the fame in the year 1551? by Juliana his wife, daughter and heir of William Home, or Heme, of London. Nothing is recorded concerning the early part of his educa- tion till he entered upon the ftudy of the law, and was ad- mitted into the Society of Lincoln's Inn, Auguft 15, 1556. Here he ftudied under Laurence Nowell (brother to Alexander Nowell, dean of St. Paul's), famous for his knowledge of anti- quity and of the Saxon language, of whom Camden * fays, " that he was the firft who brought into ufe again and revived " the language of our anceftors the Saxons, which, through " difufe, lay forlorn and buried in oblivion." Wood, quoting this teftimony of Camden to the learning of Nowell, adds, that Lambarde profited fo much by his inftrudtions, as to be efteemed the fecond beft in thofe ftudies. It was a branch of learning intimately connected with the profeilion to which he had devoted himfelf; and he faw that he mould lay the foundations of his profeffional knowledge deep, by going back to the cultoms and jurifprudence of the Saxon times. * Wood's Athense Oxoa. Vol. I. p. 186. 1 His OF WILLIAM LAMBARDE, 495 His firft work, a collection and tranflation of the Saxon laws, under the title of " \\gyjuovofAix, five de prifcis Angiomas " Legibus lihn, 1568," 4to. may be con fide red as the firft fruits both of his legal and Saxon ftudies. The MS. in Saxon, as he tells us 4 *, was put into his hands by Nowell, who requefted him to tranflate it into Latin, and publifh it. He dedicated this work to Sir William Cordell, Knight, matter of the Rolls. It was printed by John Day, 1568, 4to; and was afterwards re- publiihed in folio with Bede's Ecclefiaftical Hiftory as a fupple- mental work to that Hiftory in 1644, by Abraham Wheelockf, Arabick profeffor, and publick librarian at Cambridge, who -commends highly the elegance of Lambard's interpretation— " Elegantiflimi harum legum interprets lucubrationibus clar. " Lambardi vere comptis et politis — ut faveas, humillime ob- M teftor," are his words ; and he calls him il Legum noftrarum et il elegantiarum omnium callentillimum £." '-* Preface to ' ' hp/ctiy;Q\v.o:<. -j- Wheelock's republication is faid to have exceeded Lambarde's original workc The publication of the " Leges Anglo-Saxonicar," by David Wilkins, in 1721, has taken place of both of them. Both Wheelock and this Editor complain of* Lambarde's having afted in fome places the part of a paraphraft, rather than of an interpreter ; but his work was the foundation of thole which followed. See the Epiftle of Nicoifon, bifhop of Derry, prefixed to Wilkins's book : His words are remarkable : ** Certe Lambardus in Archaionomia fua priora operis egregii " fundamenta pofuit; fed quod recte a Wheeloco notatum in locis quarripluri- " mis paraphraften potius quam interpretem fe prasbuit. Hinc viro eleganti et ei calamo ejus nimium calenti hallucinatiunculae qua?dam exciderunt, quas tja 41 facili oblervabis negotio," &c. He afterwards calls Lambarde's work " Jrenar- (t cha? optimi primitias." X There are feveral works in MS. which prove the extraordinary labour and affiduity both of Nowell and of Lambarde in the ftudy of Saxon and Englilh anti- quities. In the catalogue of the Cotton library, there is a long lift of MSS. by each of them, under the name of Collectanea; which are either tranferipts of antient hiftorical MSS. or extracts by way of abridgement from them : they were perhaps the gift of Lambarde, who is mentioned in the hiftory of the library pre-, fixed to the catalogue as a contributor to that great repository. Others are pre- ferved amongft the family papers of the Perambulator, of which a catalogue is given in the Appendix, N° I. y y y 2 in 496 BIOGRAPHICAL ANECDOTES In the year 1570 he married his firft wife, Jane Multon, daughter of George Million, Efq; of St. Clere, in the county of Kent. It is probable that from this time, if not before, he was fettled in Kent; Weftcombe, near Greenwich, of the manor of which he was poftiefted, being the place of his relldence. For we mall now find, that he devoted a great mare of his labours to the fervice of that county ; without giving up at the fame time his profeifion of the law, and his connection with Lin- coln's Inn, of which fociety he was admitted a bencher in 1578 *. lie had finifhed his "Perambulation of Kent" in 1570, in which year he fent it to his friend Thomas Wotton, Efq; (nephew to Wotton dean of Canterbury), a worthy and learned gentle- man of Kent. The fame was afterwards, fent to Parker, arch- bifhop of Canterbury, and by him communicated, in 1573J to the Lord Treafurer Burleigh f. In 1576 it was publilhed, and that, * There is the following remarkable teftimony to his merit, from the Society of Lincoln's Inn, preferved in Dugdale's Orig. Jurid. p. 268. " William Lambard " (a perfon fkilfull in antiquities, publiiher of the Saxon Laws), concerning whom * e 1 find this following order, at a council here held 9 Feb. 21 Eliz. Forafmuch *' as Mr. William Lambard hath deferved univerfally well of this Commonwealth " and country, and like wife of the fellowfhip and fociety of this houfe, and is like " hereafter to win greater credit to himfelf and the fociety of this houfe; it is *' therefore agreed, that he fhall have room to fit amongft the Society of the Fei- " lowfhip of the Bench, as other affiftants ufe to do. without any thing paying for " the fame : Provided always, that this be no precedent to any other that fhall " be called to the like place hereafter ; but that they fhall pay for the faid room " fuch funis of money as fhall be affefied bv the Bench." f Strype's Life of Parker, B. 4. C. 23. :o.— Annals, Vol. II. B. 1. C. 3. The following is an extratf from a letter of Archbifhop Parker's to Lord Burleigh, in which he recommends this work and the author to him. " I have joined thereunto (which I am fure ye hive not feen) a defcription of " the county of Kent, written and laboured by an honeft and well-learned obferver " of times and hiflories ; which he fent to me to perufe, to correct, and amend, and «' fo to be under the reformation of fome whom he judgeth to be converfant in " hiflories; not, meaning to put it abroad till it had fuffered the hammer of fome li of his friends' judgements, and then, at further deliberation, peradventure to fet u it forth. Which book, although I have no commifiion to communicate it, I re- " feire OF WILLIAM L A M B A R D K. 49? that, as it mould feem, by the order and direction of Mr. Wot- ton, who himlelf prefixed to it a letter recommending it to the gentlemen of the county. From Lambarde's own letter to Mr. Wotton, accompanying the book, it appears that his defign and refearches reached much farther, and that he had already collected materials for a general account of Great Britain, of which this was but the fpecimen *. The difcovery that the learned Camden was engaged in the fame work, prevented him from proceeding farther f. Mr. Camden himfelf bears the ampleft teftimony to this fpecimen " ferre it cither to fhevv you, as I think, ye be not unwilling in fuch knowledge to be " partaker; and thus prefent it to your correction and amendment, when your " ieifure can ferve you. In the mean time I pray your Lordfhip to keep it to " yourfelf. As I have made this author a judge of fome of my fmall travels, " whereof I fend you this one bound by my man. I am net minded to fuffer them " abroad in this quarrclous and envious world. I think the rather we both ufed " this forefight to fupprefs our labours in nonwn annum, as Horace counfayleth, <; rather than to fuffer an undigested and tumultuous collection to be gazed on by " manv folkes." Strype's Appendix to Parker's Life, B. 4. N° 89. * This collection of materials, " being digefted into titles by way of alphabet," he called a Topographical Biclimary. !r-ee his Epiflle to Mr. Wotton, prefixed to the Perambulation. It was pubiifhed from the original MS. in 1730, 4to, under the title of " Ditlicnm turn Anglic Tofographieum et Hi/lor iciwt." -j~ This may be affirmed with confidence on the ground of his letter to Camden; pubiifhed in Camdeni Epifio'te, p. 28. t he letter was written to Camden in con- sequence of his having communicated to him fome parts, or the whole, of his Britannia in MS. — He fpeaks of the pleasure he received from Camden's work ; and adds, that it was alio a caufe of iorrowing to him, becaufe he could no longer dwell in meditation on his favourite ft udies. '1 he whole letter breathes a fpirit of candour 2nd modefty which does the writer great honour. It is dated from Hailing, July 29, 1585, the year before the firlt publication of Camden's Bri- tannia. 1 he letter it felt", as deferving the reader's notice, is fubjpined in the Ap- pendix, N° II. For a further explanation of his intention, fee the conclufion of his Perambu- lation, where he fpeaks of this work as a fpecimen, in order *o " prove himlelf, " provoke fome, and pleafure and profit others;*' and fhortly after adds, "As " touching the defcription of the refidue of this realm, finding by this one, how " hard it will be for any one (and much more for mvfelfe) to accomplifh it for " all, I can but wifh, in like fort, that fome one in each fhire would make the " enter- 49 8 BIOGRAPHICAL ANECDOTES fpecimen of his great defign. He fays, " that he had defcribed " the county of Kent {o much to the life, as to have left little " for thoie that come after him ;" and readily acknowledges the Perambulation to be" the foundation and fountain" of that part of his Britannia* which treats of Kent, and calls the author emi- nent for learning and piety. In fpeaking of his piety, 1 fuppofe he refers to a work which he took in hand lbon after his publishing the Perambulation ; his founding an hofpital for the poor at Eaft Greenwich in Kent. This is faid to have been the firft hofpital founded by a Pro- teftant. The Queen granted her letters patent for the founda- tion of this hofpital in 1574. The building was begun in 1575, and finifhed in little more than a year, the poor being *i enterprize for his owne countrie, to the end that, bv joyning our pens, and con- " ferring our labours as it were (ex fymbolo), we might at the laft, by the union **■ of many parts and papers, compact -one whole and perfect bodie and booke of '• our Englifli. Topographic" In the fecond edition he exprefsly mentions Camden's Britannia, in thefe words annexed : " Here left I (good Reader), when I firtt fet forth this worke ; fince which " time I find my defire not a little ferved by Matter Camden's Britannia : wherein " as he hath not only farre exceeded whatlbever hath been formerly attempted in " that kynd, but alfo patted the expectation of other men, and even of his own " hope: fo do I acknowledge it written to the great honour of the realm with •* men abroad, and to the lingular delight of us all at home, having for mine " own particular found myfelf thereby to have learned much, even in that ftiyce *« where I had endeavoured to know moft. Nevertheleffe, being aflured that the " inwardes of each place may beft be known by fuch as refide therein, I cannot " but ftill encourage fome one able man in each Ihyre to undertake his own, " whereby both many good particularities will come to difcoverie every where, " and Matter Camden himfelf may yet have greater choice wherewith to amplifie " and enlarge the whole." * His words are — " Ad Cantium nunc perveni, quam regionem licet Gul. Lam- bardus, vir infigni eruditione et moribus fanctiffimis ornatifiimus., adeo graphice jufto volumine defcripferit, ut curiofa ejus felicitas paucula aliis reliquerit, pro fufcepti tamen operis ratione, earn quoque percurram, et ne fublefta, ut inquit Comicus, fide me agere quis exiftimet, eum mihi fundum et fon-tem fuifle libens merito hie agnofco." admitted OF WILLIAM LAMBARD E. 499 admitted into it October i, 1576. He called his hofpital "The College of the Poor of Queen Elizabeth," and endowed it with ■ certain eftates, referving to himfelf a beneficial leafe of the fame, and requefting the prefident and governors to continue the fame to his heirs at a certain rent. The whole charge of the building, together with the purchafe of eftates, amounted to fomething more than jTij-jcO' The number of poor, during his own life, was to be ten penfioners ; the whole number re- ceived into the hofpital, with their families, to be about fixteen perfons ; each of thefe to enjoy a dwelling-room and garden, and to receive five fhillings monthly, and yearly two loads of faggots. After his death, the number to be increafed to twenty*; then to receive fix (hillings monthly, and one load of faggots yearly, with a dwelling and garden as before, Thus was his charitable defign quickly accomplished, and the foundation mu- nificently endowed, not only during his life-time, but whilft he was not yet far advanced in years. He provided alfo for the go- vernment and good order of his college ; and even drew up a form of prayer, to be approved of by the Bifhop of Rochefter, the diocefan, and to be continually in ule amongft the penfioners, It is remarkable, that he ordains, that if at any time it fhall not be lawful for the poor of his college to ule the form of prayer drawn up for them, in fuch cafe the whole grant fhall be void -j-. In 1579 he was appointed a juftice of the peace for the county of Kent, by the fpecial order of Lord Chancellor Brom- ley t ; to the faithful execution of which office he dedicated his time and labours with the fame zeal as he had done in other in- * The letters patent fay, a warden, fub warden, and eighteen poor; bv the fame, the matter of he Rolls, and two fenior wardens of the Drapers' -Company, are made a bod' corporate., tor the government of the college. f See the Appei dix, N° Hi. IV. V. X Strype's Annals. Vol. 111. B 2. Ch, 13. fiances, r goo B I O G R A P H I C- A-L : A N E C -D O T-.E S fiances. It was alio a time which required able and active ma- giftratcs, and which did not abound in them, fo many being dil- affe&ed either to the civil or ecclefiaftical government, or too in- dolent to oppofe the difaffedted with activity and courage. His affiduity in the execution of his office appears by feveral-MS. Charges, which he left behind him, compofed with care, and fuited to the circumltances of the times. It appears from the fame, that he took the lead amongtt the juftices of the weftern divifion of the county from this time, or foon after, to the time of his death. There is a continued feries of Charges from 1581 to > 1600. . He applied alio his- knowledge- of the law to the ex- YpUining the nature and duties of the office which he bore in common with fo many others for the public benefit. I allude to his " Eirenarcha, or, of the Office of the Juftices of Peace, in " Four Books," publifhed in 158 1 *, and dedicated to the Lord Chancellor Bromley. He himielf, in his preface, explains this ♦' work to be " a body of difcourfe made out by conferring the " writings. of Marrow and Fitzherbert with the book cafes and " ftatutes, and adapted. for gentlemen not bred up to the law." It is then the work of a lawyer making ufe of his profeffional knowledge to explore his fubjecl: to the bottom, and feek- ing to lay it open to others in .a clear method and language.; the talent of performing which .he poffefied in an eminent de- gree. In .1583 he publifhed another work on the " Duties of " Conftables, Borfholders, .Tythingmen,.and fuch other low and " lay Minifters of the Peace ;" which may be confidered as a fupplement to the former^-. — They are printed together in the edition of 1619. * This bcok was republished in 1602 and 1619. In the laft edition are fonie additions by an author of the time oi James !. •f This (mail tr'aft went through .five editions feparatelyj being rcpublifhed in 11594,1602, 1631, and 1677. His OF WILLIAM LAMBARDE. 5 o1 His character and his writings had now recommended him to the notice of fome of the greateft and raoft powerful people of the realm. In 1589* he had a deputation from the Lord * Strype fays, that he was this year nominated by the Lord Treafurer for a judge, or fome fuch eminent place in the law ; and quotes a letter of his, in which he modeftly declines the office, unlefs upon trial he (hall be found fit for it. The letter is dated Hailing, Oct. 4, 1589, of which the following is a copy. " After my moft humble and bounden duty, my Right Honourable good Lord, u your Lordfhip's letters of the 30th of September were even now delivered to " my hand, having (by whofe default I wot not) fuffered that great delay in the " coming towards me. — Which, howfoever it may fall out to my detriment in w the matter that they purport, yet came they not unfeafonably to glad my poor " heart, in that they were the infallible meffengers, not only of the continuance, " but of the increafe (if any may be) of your moft honourable favour and difpo- ** fition to work my good — who, as I never demerited any thing at your hands, fo " neverthelefs have 1 drawn more from the fountain of your mere bounty, than " from all the good wills and wyles of all the perfons that be alive. — Thus tyed, " 1 may not ceale to pray to God for jour Honour; praying withal, that he will " make my prayer effectual for you. '• As touching the matter contained in your Lordfhip's letter, albeit I know mine *' own infufficiency (now alio increafed by decay of fight and difcontinuance from " ftudy) to ferve in any place where wifdom or learning muft be fet on work ; yet, *« acknowledging that I do reap fome benefit by her Majefty (which I received from " the free hand of your Honour), I hold myfelf double bounden to ferve her High- «« nefs with all the powers that I have. And the rather alfo, for that it hath " pleafed you, my raoft honourable Lord, to give my name and your report of me. " Therefore only I do moft humbly befeech your Lord (hip, to add this unto w the reft of your great favours vouchfafed, that I may not be inverted in the fer- " vice but upon probation, and for this next term only ; to the end that after fuch ** an experiment, and conference made of my fmall abilities with the office itfelf, I " may faithfully (and in that duty which I bear to God, her Majefty, and your " Honour), allure your good Lordfhip, whether I fhall find myfelf fit to difcharge " the truft that belongeth to the place. " Thus much I moft humbly pray your good Lordfhip to accept at this time ; w and until that I may, as duty bindeth, perfonally attend your good Lordfhip, «< which alfo, by the favonr of God, I will not fail with all good fpeed to perform. " And fo I moft humbly take my leave of you, my Right Honourable Lord ; and " do in my heartieft prayer recommend you to the gracious protection of the Al- ** mighty. From Hailing, this 4th of October, 1589. Your Lordfhip's moft hum- f* b'e and bounden, William Lambarde.' 1 Appendix to Strype's Annals, Vol. III. Book II. N° 42. Z z z Trea- 5 o2 BIOGRAPHICAL ANECDOTES Treafurer Burleigh for the compofition for alienations for fines*. In 159a he was appointed a matter in Chancery by Sir John Puckering, lord keeper; and in 1597 was appointed keeper of the rolls and houfe of the rolls, in Chancery-Lane, by Sir Thomas Egerton, lord keeper. At length, in i6oe, he was perfonally taken notice of by the Queen herfelf, who fent for him, received him molt gracioufly, and appointed him keeper of the records in the Tower. In confequence of this appointment, he had another interview with her Majefty on the 4th of Auguit, 1601, and preferred her with an account of thofe records, which he called his " Pandecta Rotulorum." In the mean time he had written.* though not published, another work, intituled " Archeion, or a <{ Difcourfe upon the High Courts of Juftice in England." This was finilhed and prefented to Sir Robert Cecil, with a dedication, in 1 591- It was not publilhed till 1635, fome years after his death, by his grandfon Thomas Lambarde. The courfe of his life, as thus described, has led me to the mention of feveral of his friends and patrons. Another was Lord Cobham, who placed fo much confidence in him, as to appoint him his executor, with Sir John Levelbn and Thomas Fane, Efq; and a truftee for eftablifhing his college for the poor at Cobham, in Kent, which he left unfiniihed at his death* The three perfons above-mentioned procured an a& of parlia- * This office was erected In the i8tli year of Queen Elizabeth, for the purpofe of ordering and receiving in a new manner the fines due for licences of alienation of lands holden in chief of her Majefty, or pardons in cafe of alienation of fuch lands without licence firft had ; together with fines due for original writs,, and writs of covenant The office was intrufted to two or three deputies, who had clerks and officers under them. There is a MS. work, of Lambarde's, in which he treat* of the moderation and juftice of the fines in queftion, of the advantage, both in pro- fit to her Majefty and eafe to the fubjecl, of this new mode of collefting them, and: of the duty of the deputies and their officers ; and propofes, in the end, fome farther regulations in the office. At the end of the fame MS. is an account of the recei; :s for feveral years, from the iSth to the 37th of Elizabeth. menfj OF WILLIAM LAM BAUD E. 503 merit, 39 Elizabeth, for the foundation, or rather restoration of the college, and for making the wardens for Rochefter- bridge prefi- dents of the fame. Lambarde was afterwards concerned in drawing up rules for the poor, their election, maintenance*:, &:c. Thus was it his fortune, after having himfelf been the founder of fuch a charitable eftablilhment, to concur with others in the foundation and government of a fecond. Lambarde himfelf mentions this Lord Cobham, in a letter to Lord Burleigh, as his friend and afliftant in a time of dinrefs f . To return to the more private anecdotes of his life. In 1583, he married Silverier Dallifon, widow- of William Dallifon, Efq; and daughter of Robert Deane, gent, of Hailing, in the county of Kent ; which was the place of his refidence for fomc time after. He had by her three fons and one daughter, of whom the eldefl fon Multon was afterwards knighted ; the daughter Margaret was married to Thomas Godfrey, Efq. The other two fons, Gore and Fane, alfo furvived him. In 1592 he married his third wife, Margaret Reader, widow, by whom he had no hTue. He died himfelf Auguft 19, 1601, at his houfe of Weftcombe, and was buried in the pariih church of Green- wich, Kent. A monument was placed over him ; which, upon the rebuilding of the church, being with other monuments taken down, was removed, and placed in the pariih church of Sevenoak, Kent, where is now the feat and burying-place of the family %. His * For an account of the feveral particulars relating to this college the above- mentioned aft of parliament, and flatutes, fee Thorpe's Regiftrum RoFFenfe. _ In Strype's Annals, Vol. IV. N' 201. there is an origina 1 letter from Lambarde him- felf to Lord Burleigh, relating to the death and will of Lord Cobham. -J* See his letter in Strype's Annals, Vol. 111. B. 2. Ch. 3. J The following epitaph is transcribed from a monument which formerly flood againft the fouth-wall of the old church at Greenwich. Z z z 2, " William 504 BIOGRAPHICAL ANECDOTES His laft will contains another well-judged act of charity, viz. the bequeathing to the Drapers' company a moiety of certain rents and profits to be paid into their hands in truft, for the pur- pafe of lending it by way of loan in fums of fifty pounds, from, time to time, without intereft, to the poorer occupiers of $he /aid company) the company taking bond for repayment. " William Lambard, of Lincoln's Inn, fome time matter in Chancery, keeper of •* the rolls and records within the Tower, of the office of alienations ro Queen Eli- " zabetb, founded the college of the poor of Greenwich, and endowed it. " Obiit 1601, Aug. 19, at Weftcomb, in Eaft Greenwich.'* 44 Sir Moulton Lambard, of Weftcomb, in Eaft Greenwich, knight, fon and heir 44 of the aforefaid William Lambard, 1634. — Thomas Lambard, Efq; his only fon " and heir, erefted this monument to Sir Moulton Lambard, his aged and dear father." On pulling down the church, in order to rebuild the prefent, this monument- was removed at the charge of the late Thomas Lambard, Efq; and fixed in the church of Sevenoak ; where, at the weft end, on the north Me, is 3; mural mo- nument of white marble, and on a tablet of black marble is the following inferip- tion, in gilt letters : " Hie finis eft Gulielmus Lambarde, Londinenfis, in hofpitio jureconfultorum •' Lincolnieafi paredrus ; in alma caocellaria magifter ; ad tempus cuftos rotulorum 44 et recordorum infra turrim London, ab alienationibus (quas vocant) auguftiffima 44 Anglorum regince Elizabeths, cujus facta? memorial et nomini confecratum fuo 44 fumptu folus, et fundavit et annuo reditu dotavit collegium pauperum Greenovici " in Cantio. Obiit anno Domini 1601, Augufti 19 die, apud Weftcombe, in Eaft '* Greenwiche. " Archaionomia — 156S. Juftice of the Peace 15S1* " Perambulation of Kent 1570. Pandemia rotulorura 1600. " Archeion — l S9 1, " Hie etiam fitus e-ft Mbultonus Lambarde de Weftcombe in Eaft Greenwiche, in 11 comitatu Cantire, eques auratus, filius et hseres. prcedidi Gulielmi Lambardu '• Obiit anno Domini 1634, Augutti 7 die, apud Weftcombe. Hoc M. S." Underneath, on a final! tablet of black marble, is this: " Parenti grand asvocol-endiffi mo, et patri ehariffimo, officii et amoris ergo pofuit " Tho. Lambarde, Armiger, filius unicus et haeres prajdicfti Moultoni Lambardi, **. equitis. aurati." And beneath, on a tablet of white, is the following : 44 Inftautata funditus vetufta. Greenovicenfi eccl.fia, et exulantibus, qute inibi 44 erant, monuruentis : Marmor hoc, abavi proavique memoria facrum, hue, veluti 44 in portum, e communi naufragio evafit, et cognati cineris libenter fe in tutelam 4 * tradidit, curame Thoma Lambard, aimigero, Gulielmi iilio, Thorn* nepote, anno. ** Domini m.pcc.xxxiu." From OF WILLIAM LAMBARDE. 5 C 5 From the above review of his life it is eafy to collect his character. We find him deeply read in the ftudies belonging to his profeflion, and in the Saxon language properly fubfidiary to them. His turn of mind alio led him beyond the ftudy of Britifh law to that of Britifh cuftoms, and- all manner of local hiftory. Thele branches of learning are predominant in mod of his works ; yet are there here and there manifeft traces of an intimate acquaintance with Latin and Greek literature, and efpeeially of that accuracy of diftinction and divifion of which the Greek writers are the beft models, and the belt teachers. As he was affiduous and diligent in fulfilling the duties of every ftation to which he was called, fo did every fucceffive incident of his life, that might be worthy to give a bias to his ftudies, produce from him fome learned and ufeful work. His profeflion of the law gave rife to his " Archaionomia,'' as the firft fruits of his inftruction under a learned mafter, and afterwards at a later time of life to his " Archeion." His refidence in Kent, his property and connections there, induced him to draw up his " Perambulation." He had not long been in the commiffion for the peace before his ** Eirenarcha" Ihewed how much he had given up his thoughts to the duties and nature of that office. Queen Elizabeth appointed: him keeper of her records in 1600 ; in the following year he had his " Pandemia Rotulorum" to offer to her, as a proof that he had applied himfelf to her Majefty's fervice in his new office. There are other inedited works* which confirm ftill more this excellent part of his character. It is happy for the ftate, when each man, having firft laid in a ftock of general knowledge, will thus be content to devote himfelf with his whole mind to his duty, with out over-ftepping his proper line, or. invading the province of. another* * See infra, p. .507 & 508. lit 5®fi BIOGRAPHICAL ANECDOTES In his " Perambulation" we may coniider him as opening a new fource of learning, as an original author. It was the firft book of' county antiquities * ; and we have feen that his plan extended farther than one county, though he relinquiihed it in deference to another perfon. Let me add, that what he executed has not often, if ever, been exceeded in its kind. The Perambulation of Lambarde may juftly challenge a companion with any other county hiftory, for clearnefs of method, variety and accuracy of information, and for comprehenlive brevity. At the fame time it has its defects. :The Roman antiquities of the county he gives up almoft entirely as too remote and obfcure, concerning which there certainly are not wanting many ufeful data ; nor has he touched upon the natural hiftory-; and he might eaiily have en- larged to the advantage and fatisfaction of his reader on the geographical defcription of the county, as the courfe of the hills, rivers, &C He is moft full on the Saxon and Englifh an- tiquities and hiftorical anecdotes relating to each place. Gf the above omiffions he was himfelf fenfible, and has given his rea- fons for them in the conclufion of his work. I cannot but wifli that this example, fet in the firft inftance by Lambarde, Camden, and others, had been more followed, and that the voluminous county hiftories, whicn it has been the fafhion to compile of late, had not fuperfeded the plan of putting together briefly and clearly the more general fubjects of information ; fuch as the Topography, Cuftoms, and Natural Hiftory of the County. This latter plan is much more capable of elegance, and may be read wittrmuch more pleafure, and it would be more inftruc- tive, becaufe the contents would be retained by the memory with * Hence Philipot fays of him (Villare Cant. p. 163.) " that he gate us a de» ,c fcription of this county (Kent) in his Perambulation, and made this work the " more eafy to any that fhould endeavour farther progrefs therein. Facile eft in« " vends addere, difficile invenire." much OF WILLIAM LAMBARDE. 507 much more eafe. I fpeak not this to the difparagement of the larger works ; the minute particulars which they contain are highly valuable for the fake of reference in many cafes, and we are much indebted to the laborious collectors of them : but it 1 might be ufeful to feparate them from the topicks of more ge- neral information, which are capable of being moulded into fo inftrudtive and elegant a form. Lambarde's common-place- book, mentioned in the preface to his Perambulation, as containing materials for a general hiftory of Engliih antiquities, was publifhed long after his death, in 1730, under the title of u Di&ionarium Anglia Topograpbicum ^f " Hijloricum? Other writings of his, now extant in MS. are feveral Charges to Juries, and a Treatife of the Service, called the Office of Compofitions for Alienations*, 1590; to which I referred be- fore, * Tanner, in his Bibliotheca Eritannico-Hibernica, mentions this work with other MS. works, as, 1. Commentarium dc nominibus mcdernis et fincere Saxonicis, Latinis, et Bri- tannicis Civitatum, Montium, &c. olim penes D. H. Saville. This was nothing more than the Topcgraplrcal Dictionary. 2. Caui'es in Chancery, gathered by Sir George Gary out of the labours of Mr, . William Lambert, 1601. In MS. Norwicenf. More. 562. 3. A Calendar of the Bible. What this laft work was, or where to be found, does not now appear. Tanner - himfelf feems to have had no other authority for mentioning it, than a pafTaTe in Stnpe's Life of Archbifhop Parker, p. 533. where mention is made of a Saxon MS. given by the Archbifhop to Ben'et College library, having inferted in it an Hexaitick in Latin verfe, figned W. L. and a letter to the Archbifhop in praife of the fame man, once owner of the book. Whoever he was, his knowledge of the Saxon language and of antiquities is highly commended. His Calendar of the Bible is fpoken of as known to the Archbifhop, and his labours in the Armenian tongue. The former part of the encomium agrees well with Lambarde; but there are no traces of his knowledge of the Armenian language in any of his writings publifhed or MS. Tanner feems haflily to have concluded, after Strype, thatTie was the . perion meant. Strype mentions a defcxiptioa of the city of Lincoln, and town of Stamford, 1 drawa- ; 5 c8 BIOGRAPHICAL ANECDOTES fore, as additional proofs of his devotion to fervices in which he was engaged. At this diftance of time it is not eafy to fay much of his pri- vate character. His hofpital at Greenwich is a remarkable proof of his liberality and charity. His rules for that hofpital, as well as for Gobham college, fhew his prudence and wifdom in or- dering fuch matters ; and we may difcern in the fame marks of fincere piety *. Nor ought it to be omitted, that the eileem which many great and noble perfonages. as Archbilhop Parker, Lord Burleigh, Lord Gobham, Lord Bromley, &c. liad for him, may juftly be coniidercd as a teftimony, both to his public and pri- vate character. As the reader may perhaps confider all memorials of fuch times and perfonages worth his attention, we have annexed to this article an account of his interview with Queen Elizabeth f , and a letter to Lord Burleigh t, both printed now for the firft time from originals preferved amongft the family papers of the Perambulator. We might finifh this article with numerous teftimonies to the character and writings of Lambarde ; but it may be fufficient to fay, that, befides thofe mentioned before occafionally, others are to be found in Archbilhop Parker's Preface to Aflerius. Strype's Annals, Kilburn's Topography of Kent, Tanner's Bibli- otheca Britannico-Hibernica, 8cC The following are felected as lignai teftimonies to his merits in three different ways. drawn up by Lambarde, and fent to the Lord Treafurer Burleigh, and quotes a letter of his in proof of it, dated Hailing, Dec. %, 1584. Annals, Vol. HI. B. 1. Ch. 23. * It appears alfo, that his common performance of the duties of his profeffion and Ration was ftrongly governed by a fenfe of religion, in proof of which may be alledged a MS. paper here fubjoined, intituled " A Charge by order of the De- " calogue." Appendix N" VI. t Appendix, N° VII. % Ibid. N° VIII, Rennet OF WILLIAM LAMBARDE. 509 Kennet fays of him (Parochial Antiquities, p. 443.) " that ' he was one who recovered all our ancient, and underftood all ' our modern laws." Archbifhop Parker's teftimony of him, in his Preface to Afferius, relates to his Saxon learning : " Quibus ' de rebus fi qua forte quis deguftare concupiverit, Gul. Lam- ' bardi (viri fane eruditi et in Hofpitio Lincolnienfi inter legum ' confultos domeftici Juris peritiffimi) praefationem perlegat 8c ' expendat, quam libro de veteribus Saxonum legibus praefixir, 1 quas nuper Latinis Uteris eleganter expreflit. Ibi etenim non- * nulla de inftituti fui ratione atque confilio prudenter praefatus, * demum (ut eft in iftiufmodi rebus perfcrutandis fagaci certe in- ' genio et peracri) quorundam verborum vim et naturas fubtiliter { perfecutus eft : quo in libro ft fe ftudiofius exercuerint ii, qui aut * hujus linguae notitiam, aut vetuftarum legum (quas Reges * antiqui fanxerunt) fcientiam habere defiderant, fapienter meo 1 judicio facient, et inde non mediocre fibi ad eas quoque res * percipiendas inftrumentum facultatemque comparabunt." Philipot (himfelf an excellent county hiftorian), and Camden (in the paflages quoted above), bear an equal teftimony to his knowledge of county antiquities, 4 A A P P E X- C 5>° ] E N D I X. N° I. COLLECTANEA of Lawrence Novvell and William Lambarde, in the pofleffion of Multon Lambard, Efq; N° I. i. Fragmentum Hiftorice de ferie Regum Occiduorum Saxonum. 2. Ecclefiaftica Venerabilis Bedas Hiftoria. Anglo-Saxonice. 3. Chronica confervata in Monafterio Sancti Martini. 4. Athelftani Regis Leges. The above are all in Saxon. Towards the end of the book is the following note : Haec fcripfi Laurentius Noellus propria manu in iEdibus Csecillianis, 1562. N° II. 1. Topographia Wallia; Magiftri Giraldi Cambrenfis. Lat. 2. Ejufdem Itinerarium Wallice. Lat. I aurentii Noelli. 1562. Thefe works of Giraldus were publifhed by David Powell, 1585. N° III. 1. Excerpta ex Hiftoriis Henrici Huntingdonienfis. Lat. N° IX. is a tranfcript of the fame by Lambarde; who fays, in a note pre- fixed, that he has difcovered the fame to be (as he had before conjec- tured) an abridgement of the Hiftory of Henry of Huntingdon. 2. Decreta Will. Baftardi et Emendationes quas pofuit in Anglia. 3. Chronica Monafterii SancYi Albani. Lat. Laurentii Noelli, 1565. N° IV. Chronica Peterburgenfis. A tranfcript by L. Noell, 1565. N° V. 1. Excerpta ex Hiftoria Abbatum Monafterii Glafconise a Gulielmo Malmfburienfi confcripta. Lat. There was another copy of this in the Cotton Library. William of Malmfbury's work was publifhed by Hearne, 1727. 2. Vita et Mors Edwardi fecundi Gallice confcripta a generofiffimo Milite Thoma de la More, qui fequentium pars nonnulla fuit, et in Latinum tradudta ab alio quodam ejus Synchrono. At the end is the following note : Libri exemplar eft penes Gulielmum Bowierum Chartophylacem Regium, prout mihi retulit Laurentius Noelus, qui h*ec tranfcripfit manu propria, 1566. G.ulielmus Lambardus. This work is publifhed in Camdeni Anglia, &c. 3. Appendix Hiftoria Hibernicse. Vide N 9 VIII. Laurentii Noelli, 1 ^56. Nv VI. APPENDIX. 5u N° VI. Rerum a Ducibus Normannia? geflarum Hifloria a Gulielmo Gemeticenfi confcripta. Lat. At the end is the following note : Laurentius Noelus tranfcripfit, 1568, in Gallia na<5bus vetuftiflimum exemplar. This work is publifhed in Camdeni Anglia. N° VII. txcerpta ex Afferio Menevenfi vel Simeone Dunelmenfi aliifque antiquis Hiftoricis ab anno 7 .3 ad 11 go. Lambarde, after offering conjectures on the original author of part of thefe Excerpts, adds, Exemplar penes adminiftratores rerum Do&oris Wottoni eft ; hac autem per L. Noellum tranfcripta funt. N° VIII. Hybernix Defcriptio (opus imperfectum) Laurentio Noello Authore, 1564. At the end, Defiderantur multa quae Author annotiffe propofuerat. W. La. Tanner was ignorant of this work, for he fays of Nowell's Collectanea, Omnia tranfcripfit ; nihil de fuo addidit. N° IX. Gervafii Tilberienfis de neceffariis Scaccarii obfervantiis Dialogus. Lat. A tranlcript by Lambarde, 1574. The work is publifhed in Madox's Hiftory of the Exchequer. N° X Copy of the Excerpta from Henry of Huntingdon, by Lambarde, 1565. See N° III. N° XI. Chronica Monafterii Sancti Albani a Matthaso Parifienfi confcripta. Lat. At the end, W. Lambard fcripfit propria manu, 1565. N° XII. Rhapiodia ; containing various fhort Excerpta, written by Lambarde in 1568, of which the following is his own lift. 1. Collectanea ex Chronicis Croylandiaj confcriptis pro parte majori per Abbatem lngultum. 2. Ex Chronicis Coenobii Wynchelcumbenfis. 3. Ex Joanne Majore Scoto. 4. Ex Pontico Virunnio. 5. Ex Gulielmo Malmfburienfi de fummis Pontificibus nonnulla. 6. Ex libro Bibliothecas Londinenfis, cui titulus eft Cuftomes. 7. Beaumont de Academia Cantabrigienfi. 8. Temporalia Ecclefiafticorum. 9. Joannes Refeus. 10. Diplomata Regum. 11. Ex Eulogio nonnulla. 12. Ex libro Henrici Huntingdonienfis de Miraculis Anglic et de Viris illuitribus nonnulla. 13. Ex Annalibus Gregorii de Caerwent Collectanea. 14. Ex Chronicis Thomas Spotte et Willi de Spina Collectanea. 15. Parifhes of 1 ondon. 1 6. Excerpta quadam de ponte Roffenfi. 4 A 2 17. Eftimate $12 APPENDIX. *7 18 l 9 20 21 N* XIII. XIV Fftimate of Ireland. Ex textu Roffenfi. Ex anonymo Coventrenfi nonnulla. Fx Alphabeto V'.'iiii Poftdli nonnulla. Fragments. The Peregrination of Andrew Boirde ; two copies — one written by No well ; the other by Lambarde. From the former Hearne publifhed this work, 17^5. N u XV. Copy of a book, printed 158 1, under the title of " A Brief Conceipte of Inglifhe Policie, by W. S." being trulv written either by Sir Thomas Smythe, or John Yates, in the reign of Henry VIII. or Edward. This copy was-written out by order of Lambarde, 1565. N° XVI. Lift of Parifhes in England, by L. Nowell, 1562. N XVII. Chronica Bathonia; Sc Welles; Lat. Laurentii Noelli, 1566. N° II. Gul. Lambardus Gul. Camdeno. " Pardon, I pray you, Mr. Camden, this breach of my promife, in that I have holden your books fome few days above the time in which I promifed to re- turn them; the which I have done of no other mind but that I might fend them fafely unto you, as now I doubt not but I ihall, by the benefit of this an aflured meffenger. In the reading of thefe your painful topographies, I have been contrarily affedted ; one way taking Angular delight and pleafure in the perufing of them ; another way by forrowing that I may not now, as I wonted, dwell in the meditation of the fame things that you are occupied withal. — And yet I muft confefs, that the delectation which I reaped by your labours re- compenfed the grief that I conceived of mine own bereaving from the like : notwithstanding that in times paffed I have preferred the reading of antiquities before any fort of ftudy that ever I frequented. I thank you, therefore, moft heartily, good Mr. Camden, for the ufe of thefe books of yours, fince they de- liver many things that are not (fo far as I do know) elfewhere to be had, and the fame no lefs learnedly picked out, than delicately uttered and written. — What praife you deferve in all, I can beft tell by Kent, wherein (however I have laboured myfelf) 1 learn many things by you, that I knew not before. "Your conjecture at the etymon of the word Cantium is fo probable, that you make me now doubt of mine own, which before I took to be moft aflured : you have fo truly, as I think, traced out Leneham, Chilham, and Newendene, by the old Durolenum, Jullaber, and Anderida, as I ihall for ever hereafter reft in your opinion ot them. To be plain, I feem to myfelf not to have known Kent, till I knew Camden. If you have in purpofe to perform the reft, go on boldly, good Mr. Camden ; wherein if you ihall ufe the fame dexterity that hitherto you have done (as I fear not but you will) Acefii et Heliconis opera dixerim. " Howfoever you Ihall be minded to do, more or lefs, defraud not your coun- " trymen of fo great a pleafure, nor the country itfelf of fo great an honour, by 7 " forbearing a APPENDIX. 5,^ ** forbearing to imprint the fame. If I had any thing that might further vour " fludy, 1 uoviki moll: willingly impart it : and whether I have or no, I will make " yourfelf the judge, if it fhall like you to come down into Kent, and look amongft n y papers. You may not think that I flatter you, good Mr. Camden, ** in that which i have fpoken in commendation of your labour ; for I am far " from fuch clawing of any man : ard in tolen of my fincere heart towards you, M and to the end that nothing which I can efpy may efcape you by overfight, I ■*' will note unto you a trifle or twain that I have obferved in your Kent, alluring " myfelf, that I fhall not offend you thereby. " P. 2. Darenlum fluvium obvium babet qui e Suffexid, &c — 1 think that no head ** of Darent arifeth in SufTex, but at the rurthefl in Surrey, about Titfey or Tan- " ridge; unlefs you mean, under the name Suffex, to comprehend Surrey, as in " the Heptarchy we do. " Warbamus, csV. ut cam Hen. Fill, commutare neceffe babnerit — The exchange " was not made with Warham, but witlb Cranmer that fucceeded him. " P. 3. and 7. The fhire has two gaols, whereof the principal is that of Can- " terbury Caftle. " P. 5; Slowre fiavim, qui duobus, &V. — The heads of Stowre are not in that "part which is at this day called the Wealde; although the Wealde of old time was thirty miles broad, and then reached over the whole breadth of the fhire. ** This is all that I can quarrel at ; and yet have I pried fo far as I could; for I reckon not of thofe things that have efcaped him that copied your book, knowing that you will revile that before it pais from you. — Thus much I thought to write, as well for teftification of my own thankfulnefs, as for your " own encouragement ; praying you to bear with this hafty letter of mine, written " in the midft of our preparation for the country muflers, and other fervices, that " withdraw my mind ; the which alfo have made me forget one thing, that of all " the reft I miflike, 1 mean the fir ft five lines of your Kent, the which you muft " moderate or omit, if you will have me think that you deal fo plainly with me, **- as I mean to do with you. " And fo praying God to blefs your good ftudies, and eftfoons wifhing that you " would fpend a week at Hailing with me, 1 heartily bid you well to fare. — " 29th July, 1585, from. Hailing. Yours in the Lord, William Lameard." N° III. A Form of Morning and Evening Praver, to be daily faid by them of the College of the Poor of Queen Elizabeth in Eaft Greenvviche. For Morning and Evening. Prepare our hearts, O Lord ! and open our mouths to prayer. We pray thee (mod Gracious God and tender loving Father) to turn thy face away from the infinite multitude of our grieyous off nces, wherewith we conti- nually provoke thy heavy wrath and indignation againft us: and forafrriuch as thou art a moft righteous God, hating fin, (for which no propitiation can be had without blood,) and we be miferable finners, too, too vile, and unworthy to Hand before thy Divine Majefty, it may like thee to behold us in the wounds and blood- fheddingj. u ■-. 5H APPENDIX. ftiedding of thy dear Son Jefus Chrift our Saviour, accepting the only defence of that his death and paffion, as a full facrifice and fatistadtion for all our fins and iniquities. Vouchfafe, O Lord ! to enlighten us with thy Holy Spirite : engraft in us that fear and love which make true obedience ; and grant that we, remem- bring from henceforth that we be wafhed from the filth of our fins by the blood of thy Son, return not again to the mire of our former mifdeeds. But that (in our vocations) we frame our lives after thy heavenly will; and make our fteps in the path of thy holy law, which thou haft exprefied in thefe ten commandments following : Thou fhalt have none other Gods but me, &c. &c. to the end. Grant us furthermore, we befeech thee, O Heavenly Father, ftedfaft continuance and increafe in thy holy faith, whereof we make this our unfeigned profeffion. I believe in God the Father Almighty, &c. to the end. For Morning. Finally, O Almighty God, which haft fafely brought us to the beginning of this daye, defend us in the fame by thy mighty power, and grant that this daie we fall into no fin, neither run into any kind of danger, but that all our doings may be ordered by thy governance, to do always that which is righteous in thy fight, thorough Jefus Chrift our Lord. Amen. For the Evening. Finally, lighten our darknefs, we befeech thee, O Lord, and by thy great mercie defend us from all perils and dangers of this night, for the love of thy only Son our Saviour Jefus Chrift. Amen. For Morning and Evening. Thefe things, O Lord, and all others which thy fatherly wifdom knoweth to be fit for us, and we for our infirmities cannot afk, we crave of Thee in that prayer which thy well-beloved Son our heavenly fchool-mafter hath taught us, faying, Our Father which art in heaven, &c. God fave his church univerfal, our gracious Queen Elizabeth, her nobility and counfellors, the mafter of the Rolls, the company of the Drapers, and the whole clergy and commonalty of this realm. Amen. The grace of God the Father, the peace of our Lord Jefus Chrift, and the fel- lowship of the Holy Ghoft be with us all now and ever. Amen, N° IV. APPENDIX. S^S N° IV. Condition of the Conveyances of Lands to the College. Provided always, that, if at any time hereafter it (hall happen, either the office of the matter of the Rolls aforefaid, or the offices of the faid elder (or upper) war- dens of the Drapers' aforefaid, or any or them, to be utterly altered, difiblved, or taken away : or if they the faid prefident and governors, or their fucceflbrs, (hall by the (pace of one whole year together, at any time from and after the death of the faid William Lambarde, willingly forbeare, wafte, and neglect to mainteine, the houfe of the faid college, in fuch convenient eftatc or reparation, that poore people may commodioufly bee harboured therein ; or otherwife (hall at any time, from and after the death of him the faid William Lambarde, by the like fpace of time, willingly forbeare, wafte, and neglect to fufteine, mainteine, and finde twectie poore and neadie perfons thearein, with the monthlie ftipend of fix (hil- lings of lawful! money of England, to eache of them the faid twentie poore and neadie perfons, if fo bee that the cleare yearlie value, for the time being, of all the manors, lands, tenements, and hereditaments, now alreadie (by thefe prefects or otherwife) affured and conveyed, or hereafter in the life of him the faid Wil- liam Lambarde, to bee allured and conveyed, to them the faid prefident and go- vernours, and their fucceflbrs for ever, (hall and will fufficicntlie and convenient'ie fufteine, beare, and afoard fo muche, without any fraude or guile (the charges of neceffarie reparations, the competent fees of needful officers, and other due re- prifes, being deducted and allowed) : And if it (hall hereafter happen, that the laid cleare yearelie value of all and lingular the manors, lands, tenements, and hereditaments, fo affured, or to be affured, as is laft before faid, will not fuffici- cntlie and convenience fufteine and beare the faid monethlie proportion of fixe (hillings to everie of the faid poore perfons, as is before limited and appointed : Then, if the faid prefident and governours, or their fucceflbrs, (hall, at any time, from and after the deathe of him the faid William Lambarde, by the fpace of one whole yeare, willingly forbeare, wafte, and neglect to fufteine, mainteine, and finde twentie poore and neadie perfons within the houfe of the faid college, with fuche monthlie ftipend to every of them to be paid, as the cleare yearlie value of all and fingular the manors, lands, tenements, and hereditaments, fo already con- veyed, or to be hereafter conveyed, as is aforefaid, (hall and will ratablie, and after the proportion, extend unto, and without any fraud or guile, yield, beare, and fuffer (deducting as is laft before deducted) : Or finally, if at any time hereafter it (hall not be lawful by the lawes and ftatutes of this realme (which God defend) to and for the poore people of the faid college, for the tyme being, to ufe, faye, and frequent, within the houfe of the faid college there, fuche fourme of prayer and fervice unto God in the Inglilhe tongue, as by the faid William Lambarde With the confent in writing of the Bifhop of Rochcfter for the time being) (hall be in writing devifed and appointed, to be theare by them ufed, fayde, and frequented : that then, and from thenceforth, this publick bar- gaine and fale of all and fingular the premiffes (hall be utterlie voide, and of none effect, any thing before in thefe prefents to the contrarie thearcof in any wife not- withftanding. N° V -5.6 APPENDIX. IS' V. Extracts from the Statutes of the College of the Poor of Queen Elizabeth at Greenwich. In the election of the poor, a certain order and degrees of preference are efta- blifhed. In the firft degree, are the aged paft their work — In the fecond are the lame or maimed by ficknefs, by fervice of the prince, or any other misfortune, not their own fault — In the third, the blind, — In the fourth thofe who have been im« poverifhed by any cafualty — In the fifth, thofe afflidled by any continual ficknefs, not contagious. — In the fixth, thole who are burthened with a numerous family — It is required of all, that they be honeft and godiy, having been refident in their feveral parifhes three years before at the leaft, and relieved at the charge of their parifh ; —no perfon of a bad or irreligious life to be eiedted — if a married perfon be eiedted, the wife or hufband to be received into the college, and the two to receive the pay and privileges of one, the furvivor being liable to be turned out on the death of a wife, or hufband, elected, if not a proper object. In cafe of compe- tition between perfons of equal degrees, the man to be preferred before the wo- man, the married before the unmarried, the perfon who has been longer of the houfhold of faith before him that hath longer dwelt in popifh idolatry and fuper- ftition — The perfon of unblemifhed character before him who hath formerly been reputed evil — The perfon who hath dwelt longer in the parifh before him who hath dwelt a lets time in it — The perfon who hath no friends or kindred to re- lieve him before him that hath. On admiffion to be examined, whether they can fay the Lord's Prayer, the Apoftle's Creed, and the Ten Commandments. It is ordained, that the poor, who are able, go to labour daily ; and if offered, by any within the Hundred of Blackheath, fuch work as they are able to do, at the ordinary price of fuch labour within a penny a day, on refufal they be pu- nifhed, by a forfeiture of one fhilling and lixpence for the firft offence ; for the fecond, a whole month's pay ; for the third, by expulfion — For the farther encou- ragement of labour, efpecially of the women and children, a plot of ground be- hind the houfe of an acre and an half, to be tilled for them, and planted with hemp : — the produce to be distributed amongft them by equal portions — none al- lowed to fell his parcel out of the college, nor put it out to be dreffed abroad, if .any within the college will drefs it, taking only one half for their labour. N° VI. I 5>7 ] N° VI. A Charge for the Peace, by order of the Decalogue, or Ten Command- ments of Almighty God, by William Lambarde, Efqj The Articles inquirable before the Juftices of the Peace, at their Quarter Seflions, drawn through the Ten Commandments of Almighty God. Ta ©ex. FIRST TABLE. i. Non babebis Decs alienos, Sec. If any perfon have ufed invocation or conjuration of evil fpirits for any can fe, conjuration. or have ufed witchcraft, inchantment, charming or ibrcerie, whereby an)' perfon is Fdon> killed or deftroyed. 5 Eliz. cap. 16. for that is to make other Gods, and it is alfo to take the name of God in vain. If any perfon have advifedly fet forth any fantaftical or falfe prophecy upon prophecying. armes, beafles, time, name, &c. to the intent to make rebellion, lofs of life, or Fc i on . difturbance, 5 Eliz. cap. 16. or have by calculation, cafting of nativity, or other unlawfull means, fought to know, and hath fet forth how long her Majefty fhall reign, or who fhall reign after her, 23 Eliz. cap. 2. for, jollus eft Dei futura no/cere. 2. Ron facias libi Jcidptile, &c. Condemneth the Pope and his religion and minifters, who teach the worfhiping of images and of bread, &c. and teach to worfhip God otherwife than he willeth. It any perlon have advifedly defended any jurifdidtion ecclefiaftical heretofore Treaf. 3 off. ufurped here, 1 Eliz. cap. 1. or have advifedly defended the power of the bifhop of Rome, or of his fee, heretofore ufurped within this realme, 5 Eliz. cap. 1.; or Praemunire. if any perfon have preached to withdraw or abfolve any perfon from his natural Treafon. obedience to the Romifh religion, or to promife obedience to the fee of Rome ; or if any perfon have been lb withdrawn, or hath fo promifed, 23 Eliz. cap. 1. Mlrprifon. If any perfon have put in ufe any bull, or inftrument of abfolution, gotten from Treafon. the bifhop of Rome, or by colour of any fuch hath taken upon him to abfolve ; or if any perfon, to whom the fame hath been perfnaded, have not fignified it to Mifprifoai fome of the privy council within fix weeks after; or if any perfon hath brought from the fee of Rome, or from any authorized there, any Agnus Dei, croffes, pic- Przmunlre. tures, beads, grains, or other fuperftitious things, to be ufed by any of the Queen's fubjects, or if any have not apprehended the offerer thereof, nor difclofed him, nor delivered the things to the ordinary, or fome juftice of the peace, 13 Eliz. cap. 2. Add the ftatute of provifions, 13 Rich. II. &c. If any perfon have, after 40 days next enfuing the end of the laft feffion of parliament, wittingly and willingly received or maintained any Jefuit, feminaric Felony, prieft, deacon, or other ecclefiaftical perfon (ordained out of her Majefty's domi- nions by any authority pretended from the fee of Rome, fince Midfummer-day 4 B in S x8 APPENDIX. in the firft year of her reign), being out of hold, knowing him to be fueh a per- fon ecclefiaflical. 27 Eliz. cap. 2. Fi oe . If any perfon have faid or fung mafs, or have willingly heard mafs. 23 Eliz. cap. 1. 3. Non accipies nomen Dei twl in vanum, he. If any perfon have wilfully committed perjury in any caufe depending in fuit in any of the Queen's courts of Record, or Lett, Court Baron, Hundred, or Court of Antient Demefne ; or if any perfon have unlawfully procured any there- unto. 5 Eliz. cap. 9. And this may be referred to the Ninth Commandment, Non dices falfum tejlimonium, &c. 4. Memento quod d'em Sabbaii, &c. Commandeth the order of all the outward fervice of God, and condemneth the contrary. If any perfon (above 16 years of age, and not letted by reafonable ex- cufe) have not reforted every Sunday, and other holy-day, to his or her accuftomed parifh-church or chappie, or upon let thereof to fome ufual place where common- prayer is to be ufed ; and hath not there foberly abidden during the time of the fervice or preaching. 1 Eliz. cap, 2. If any have maintained any fchoolmafter, that reforteth not to the church, or is not allowed by the bifhop. 23 Eiiz. cap. 1. If any perfon have (within three months laft) in any wife depraved or reviled thebleffed facrament of the body and blood of Chrift. 1 Edw. VI. cap. 1. If any perfon, vicar, or minifter, have, f:nce the laft Affizes, refilled to ufe the order of the book of Common Prayer, or (wilfully {landing in the fame) hath ufed any other form of open prayer; or hath fpoken in derogation thereof; or if any perfon have (fince that time) fpoken in derogation of that book, or of any part thereof; or have caufed any perfon, vicar, or minifter, to fay common prayer, or to adminifter any facrament, in other manner than after that book ; or have interrupted any fuch to fay or minifter open prayer, or facrament, according to that book. 1 Eliz. cap. 2. If any perfon have felonioufly taken goods out of any church or chappie. If any perfon have malicioufly ftricken any other with any weapon in church-, or church-yard ; or drawn any weapon there to that intent. 5 Edw. VI. cap 4. If any perfon have kept fair, or market, in the church-yard. Statut. Wintoir. 13 Edw. 1. SECOND TABLE. 5. Honcra patrem et matrem. Commandeth obedience to the Prince or under officers. Ojth. ^ an >' perfon (compellable to take the oath of recognition of the Queen's Ma- jeftie to be fupreme governor in all caufes within her dominions) have refufed to take the fame, after lawful tender thereof to him made. 1 Eliz. cap. 1. Trcsfor,. If any perfon have counterfeited the Queen's money. 25 Edw. III. cap. 2. et 3» 4> 5- ca P- 7- If any perfon hath of his own imagination, or of the report of another, advif- edly, APPENDIX. 5i9 cdly, and with a malicious intent againft the Queen, fpoken any falfe, feditious, and flanderous news or fayings of the Queen. 23 Eliz. cap. 2. If any perfon hath advifedly, and with a malicious intent againft the Queen's Feiooit, Majeftie, devifed, written, printed, or fet forth any book or writing, containing any falfe, feditious, and flanderous matter to the defamation of her Majeftie, or to the incouraging or moving of any rebellion ; or hath procured any fuch to be written, printed, or feth forth ; or hath, by any words, writing, or printing, de- fired or wifhed her Majcftie's death or deprivation, or any thing directly to the effect; or have aided or procured any fuch offender. 23 Eliz. cap. 2. If any perfon (of or above the number of 12) have affembled and gone about Felonie. with force of arms unlawfully to change any laws of the realme, or have continued to herd together after proclamation againft them made, or have, after proclama- tion, forcibly attempted to do any fuch thing ; or if any perfons (to the number of 40 or more) have fo affembled for any of the faid intents, or for any other felonious or rebellious act, and have continued together 3 hours, after notice of any proclamation made, at or nigh the place of their affembly, or in fome market- town next adjoining. 1 Mar. Pari. 1. cap. 12. If any have deviled malicioufly to take or keep from the Queen, or to rafe or Felonie. deftroy any of her caflles, towns, or holds (the fame having munition or lbuldiers therein of hers), and have uttered the fame devife. 14 Eliz. cap. 2. If any have devifed malicioufly and unlawfully to fet at liberty any prifoner Felonie. (indited of treafon concerning the Queen's perfon), and have exprefsly uttered the fame devife. 14 Eliz. cap. 2. If any perfon (imprifoned for felonie) have broke a prifon, 1 Eliz. 2. ; or if any Feionit. other perfon have broken the prifon to make fuch a prifoner efcape ; or if any gaoler have fuffered fuch a prifoner to efcape ; or if any have refcucd any other arreiled for felonie. If any foldier (entered a foldier of record, and having taken any part of theFeionir. Queen's wages), or any mariner or gunner (having taken preft wages to ferve the Queen on the fea), have not gone to his captain accordingly (unlefs he were letted by notorious ficknefs, or other impediment from God), or have departed from his captain without his licence under feal. 18. 4. 6. If any fervant have killed his or her mailer or miftrefs ; or any wife her huf- Petite Treafon. band, or any child his or her parent, or any ecclefiaftical perfon his prelate. 25 Eliz. cap. 2. If any fervant (being 18 years old, and no apprentice) hath gone away with, or Felonie. converted to his own ufe, any money, jewels, goods, or chattels, of his mafter or miftrefs, and of his or her deliverie to keep, of the value of xis. to the intent to ileal the fame. 21. c. 8. cap. 7. 4 B 2 6. Non 520 APPENDIX. 6. Non occides. Forbiddcth all unlawful force and violence ; and commandeth the contrary, as. fortitude, for defence of the country, with all the parts thereof. Mur^r. If a ny perfon have of prepenfed malice, or by wilful poyfoning, or by chance- medley, killed another, i Eliz. cap. 12. Feiomc. jf an y p er f on have of malice prepenfed cut out the tongue, or put out the eyes, of any of the Queen's fubjedts. 5 Eliz. 4. cap. 5. If any perfon have maimed another of any member of his body ; or have- committed unlawful affault, beating, or wounding, upon the perfon of another. jBurgiane. If any perfon have by night broken any houle, tower, walls, or gates, with an intent to do any murder, or felony there ; or have burned any dweliing-houfe, or by night burnt any barn near to a dwelling-houfe. fcionie. jf anv gaoler, keeper, or under-keeper of any prifon, have by dureffe and paine compelled any his prifoner to become an appeacher of any other againfi his will. 4 Eliz. 3. cap. 10. If any perfon have gone or ridden armed, 25 Eliz. 3. cap. 2. except the Queen's fervants and officers doing her fervice, and their company aiding them in that behalf; or if any have brought force in affray of the people before the Queen's juftices, or otherwife. Stat. Northan. 2 Eliz. 3. cap. 3. Jf any be a common quarreller, or barretter, that moveth affrayes between others. If any perfons, to the number of three or above, have been riotouily affembled, to beat any man, or to enter upon any poffeffion •, or have been affembled in riots for any common quarrel ; or, being under the number of 12, have affembled,, and intended unlawfully with force to murder any the Queen's lubjects ; or to caft down inclofures, &c. 1 Mar. If any perfon hath lyen in wait to maim or kill any other. If any have entered into lands or poffeffions with force •, or, entering peaceably, have holden the fame with force ; 8 H. VI. cap. 9. If any perfon have unlawfully raifed hue and crye ; or if any have not been ready at the hue and cry of the country lawfully raifed, to purfue and arreft fe- lons ; and if the fheriffe or any bayliffes have not followed the hue and cry with horfe and armour. 3 Eliz. 1. cap. 9. &c. If watche by night have been kept in towers between Afcenfion-day and Mi- chaelmas-day, to arreft ftrangers that pafs by. 13 Eliz. 1. If the Lordes of the foile have not enlarged the highways from market to market, fo that no impediment be there (except great trees) within two hundreth foot of each fide thereof r 13 Eliz. 1. If anv bridges in the highways (out of the Five Ports) be broke or decayed, and who ought to repair the fame. 22 Eliz. 8. cap. 5. If the conftables and church-wardens of any parifh have not appointed over- feers, and fix days for the highways ; and if any perfon have not fet their car- riages and men thereto, and wrought upon the fame; or if the owners of the lands APPENDIX. 521 lands adjoining have not kept the hedges, ditches, trees, and bufhcs, fcoured and cut down. 2 and 3 Phil, et Mar. cap. 8. If any perlbn have ukd or kept any handgun, not being 3 quarters of a yard long ; or if any perfon (not having by the year) have carried crofs- bowe or gun charged. 33 Eliz. 8. cap. 10. If any companie of men (other than of fraternities or artifts in cities and bo- rowes) have made any general fort or fuic of apparel to be known by. 7 Eliz. 4. cap.. 14. It any perfon have given any liverie of fign of company, or badge ; or retained any man, other than his houfhold fervant, officer, or learned man in the lawe. 1 Eliz. 4. cap. 7. If watches have not been made upon the fea coafts in fuch places, with fuch a number of people, and in fuch manner as it wonted to be. ij Eliz. 4. cap. 3. If any man, being within the age of 60 years (except ) have not ready, or ufe not a long bowe and arrowes; or have not for every man-child in his houle (being above 7 years old) a bowe and arrowe; or have not brought them up in mooting. If the inhabitants of any town have not made and their buttes, as they ought to do. If any merchant ftranger, of any country from whence bow-ftaves have been fent into this land, have not (for every ton of his burden) brought hither four bow-ftaves, and for every butt of Malmfey ten. 12 Eliz. 4. cap. 33. If any bowier have not (for every ewe bow) made 4 other of apt-wood for Jhooting ; or have not made bowes for all ages and at due prices ; or if any Granger born (not being a denizen) have (hot in a long bowe, or have conveyed hence any bowes or arrowes, without the Queen's licenfe. 33 Eliz. 8. cap. 9. If any temporal perfon have not in a readinefs fuch horfe and armour, or furniture for the warrs, as by the proportion of his lands or goods, or by the ap- parel of his wife, he ought to have. 4 & 5 Phil, et Mar. cap. 2. If the inhabitants of any pariih, town, or borowc, have not fuch common armour and furniture for the wars, as they are appointed to have by the com- miflloners of the mufters. 4 et 5 Phil, et Mar. cap. 2. If any perfon, generally or fpecially fummoned to the mufters, have, without true and reafonable caufe, abfented himfelf; or have not brought ready his beft furniture of armour for his owne perfon ; or if any perfon, being auftorized to mufter or levy men for the Queen's fervice in vvarre, have taken any reward for the dilchargtng or fparing of any other ; or if any capitaine have not payed to his foldiers their whole wages, conduicte and coat money, or have for gain licenfed any of them, to depart out of the fervice. 4 et 5 Phil, et Mar. cap. 3. If any foldier, fei ving the Queen in her wars, have purloined, or wilfully made away, any horfe, gelding, mare, or harnefs wherewith he was fet forth. 2 ct 3 Eliz. 6. cap. 2. If any perlon have fold, given, or conveyed beyond the fea out of the Queen's dominions, or to any Scottifhman to be conveyed into Scotland, any horfe, geld- 7 ' 5r S 5 za APPENDIX. ing (or mare above ten millings price), without the Queen's liccnfe, unlefs it be to ferve in her wars, i Eliz. 6. cap. 5. If any perfon have put into any foreft, chace, more, heath, waft, or common, where any mares are to be kept, any ftoned horfe above two years old, and not "being above 14 handfulles high from the loweft of the hoofe to the top of the withers; and if fuch grounds have not yearly been driven within 15 days after Michaelmas. 32 Eliz. 8. cap. 13. 7. Non mxchaberis. Condemneth all wantonnefs, vain pleafures, &c. and commandeth fobriety, temperance, &c. Feionie. If any perfon have committed the deteftable vice of fodomy with man or beaft. 25 Henry VIII. cap. 6. Fcionir. If any man have ravifhed any maid, widow, or wife, above ten years of age, againft her will, although fhe afterwards contented. Will. II. cap. 34. feionie. If any man have carnally known or abufed any woman under ten years of age, although fhe contented before. 18 Eliz. cap. 7. Feionie. If any perfon have taken any maid, widow, or wife (having lands or goods, or being heir apparent to any) againft her will unlawfully, other than his ward or bondwoman. 3 Hen. Vil. cap. 2. If any perfon, not being die fon of a peer or baron of the realme, nor having c marcs by yeare, nor goods to 1000 marcs, have kept in his houfe any beffet of Gafcoine, Guyon, French, or Rochelle wine, above 10 gallons, to be fpent in his houfe. 7 Edw. VI. cap. 5. If any perfon (other than by reafon of age, ficknefs, childing, or licence) have, within this year, eaten any flefh in Lent, or upon any fifh-day obferved by the cuftom of this realm. 2 Edw. VI. cap. 19. If any perfon (above 6 years of age) except maydens, ladies, gentlewomen, nobles, knights, gentlemen of 20 marcs by the year, and their heirs, and fuch as have born office of worfliip, have not worn upon Sundays and holydavs on their heads a woollen cap of England, drefled and finished by fome capper. 13 Eliz. cap. 20. If any man, born within her Majefty's dominions (except the fon and heir of a knight, or of one of higher degree, or fuch as may difpend 20/. yearly, or be worth 200/. or have been head-officer in any city, borough, or corporate town, or be the Queen's ordinary fervant wearing her livery) have worn any manner of filk in or upon his hat, bonnet, night-cap, girdle, fcabbard, hofe, fhoes, or fpur- leathers ; or if any perfon, knowing his fervant to offend herein, have not put him away within 14 days after (except apprentice and hired fervant), or have taken him again. 1 & 2 Phil. & Mar. cap. 2. And fee 24 Hen. VIII. cap. 13. a long ftatute. If any perfon have for lucre maintained any common place for the ufing of unlawful! games, as bowls, coits, dice, tables, cards, fhove-groat, or other new-invented and unlawfull game ; or if any artificer, hufbandman, ap- prentice, labourer, fervant at hufbandry, journeyman, or any fervant of artificer, or - APPENDIX. 523 or any mariner, fifherman, waterman, or ferving-man (other than of a nobleman, or of one that may difpend 100/. by year, playing within the precincts of his mailer's houfe), have played at any of the faid games out of the time of Chriftmas, er than out of his mailer's prefence. 33 Hen. VIII. cap. 9. If any artificer, labourer, or other layman (not having 40J. by year), or any fpiritual perfon (not advanced to xl. by year), have kept any dog to hunt, or have uled any nets, ferrets, or other engines, to take deer, hares, coneys, or other gentleman's game. 13 Rich. II. cap. 13. If any perfon have traced, killed, and deflroyed, any hare in the fnow. 14 Hen. VIII. cap. 10. If any perfon have taken any where the eggs of any falcon, gofhawk, &c. or have purpofel'y driven them out of their covers, Sec. 11 Hen. Vll. cap, 17. If any perfon have willingly (between the firft of March and laft of June, in any year), taken away or deftroyed the eggs of any wild-fowl ufed to be eaten, from the place where they did lay them. 25 Henry VIII. cap. 11. 8. Non fades fur turn. Condemneth all fraudulent and unlawfull getting of goods, and all idlenefs ; and commandeth honeft labour, plainnefs in contracting, alms to the poor. Felonies before God and by the law. If any perfon have robbed another going or riding by the highway, or have robbed any houfe by day or night, any perfon being there, and put in fear thereby, or have robbed any perfon in any part of his dwelling, his wife, children, FeIonie or fervants being within the precincts of the fame,, or hath robbed any perfon (being within a tent or booth), in any fair or market, the owner, his wife, chil- dren, or any fervant being then within the fame. £ Edw. Vi. cap. 9.. If any perfon have felonioully taken the goods of any other, and whether the Feionir. fame be above the value of xni/. or under. If any perlon hath found a falcon, lanner, lanneret, or other falcon, that was Feiome, loft, and hath not forthwith brought it to the lheriff to proclaim it, but did Ileal and carry away the fame. 34 Edw. III. cap. 22, If any perfon have unlawfully hunted in the night, in any foreft, park, or war- Feiomc. ren, or with painted faces, or other difguifes to be unknown, and have, upon examination before a juftice of the peace, wilfully concealed fuch hunters, or hunting, or difobeyed or made refcue upon the arreft therefore, fo as the warrant was not executed. 1 Hen. Vll. cap. 7. If any perfon have practifed the art of multiplication of gold or filver. 5 Hen. Clonic IV. cap. 4. If any perfon have the fecond time brought, fenr, or received into any fhip or Feionie, bottom, any live lambs, fheep, or fawns, to be conveyed out of the Queen's domi- nions. 8 Lliz. cap. 3. If any perfon have fold, exchanged, or delivered into Scotland, or the b:\table Feionie. ground (to the ufe of any Scot), without the Queen's licence, any horfe, gelding, or APPENDIX. or mare, and if* any have fo bought any of" the fame. 23 Hen. VIU. <-ap. 16. Feionif. If" any calling themselves Egyptians have remained in the realm 01.. month, or if any (being 14 verrs of agej hath been in their company, or difguiied himfelf like them, by that fpace at one time together, or at feveral times. 1 8c 2 Phil. & Mar. cap 4. Feionie. If any rogue have (after 60 days after his judgement to be burnt) fallen again to ro°;uiih life, being then itt years old.; or have, upon his fecond convidtion, de- parted out of his two years fervicej or hath been the third time convicted. 14 Eliz. cap. 5. ■Feionie. ]f an y purveyor for the Queen's houfe, or his deputy or fervant, have made any purveyance without warrant, and have carried away any thing ngainft the will of the owner (being above xin/.) 2S Edw. I. cap. 2. ; or have taken any carriage othenviie than is contained in his commiffion. 36 Edw. III. cap. 2.; or have made any purveyance without the teftimony and appriiement of the con- ftable and 4 men of the town, or without delivering rules or indentures, the goods being above xud. 5 Edw. III. cap. 2. ; 25 Edw. III. cap. 15. FeWe. If any have been acceffary (before or after) to any of thefe felonies. Felonies before God, but not by the Law. If any ordinary, archdeacon, official, fheriff, under-fheriff, efcheator, bailiff, gaoler, or other officer, have (by colour of his office, or for doing his office) taken a greater reward or fee than belongeth to him, or have taken any reward for ex- pedition in doing his office, or have unlawfully exacted any oath, or other undue thing. As if any ordinary, or his fcribe, or regifter, have taken above five-pence commiffion for the fcribe for writing the probate of a teftament brought written in parchment, or above five-pence for the adminiftration, where the goods be not above 5./.; or above zs. and 6d. for the ordinary, and xn<3\ for the lcribe, if the goods be above 5/. and under 40/. ; or above 2s. and 6d. for the ordinary, and likewife for the fcribe, if the goods exceed 40/. •, ov above one penny for every line at 10 inches length (at the election of the fcribe). And fo alio for every copy of a teftament or inventory. 21 Hen. VIII. cap. 5. [The reft of the extortions, the deceits of all artificers, ufury, foreftalling, &c, mull be added.] 9. Non dices falfum tejlimonium, &c. If any perfon have procured, fuborned, or committed perjury in any fuit. § Eliz. cap. 9. and 14 Eliz. cap. n. Note, That all the ftatutes 27 Eliz. be not comprehended here. \_Rcmainder mjpng.') N p VII. APPENDIX. $z$ N° VII. " That which paffcd from the Excellent Majeftie of Queen Elizabeth, in her Privie Chamber at Eaft Greenwich, 4° Augufti 1 60 1, 43 reg. fui, towards William Lambab.de. He prefented her Majeftie with his Pande&a of all her rolls, bundclls, mem- branes, and parcells, that be repofed in her Majefties Tower at London; whereof- fhe had given to him the charge 21ft Jan. laft paft. Her Majeftie chearfullie received the fame into her hands, faying, " You in- tended to prefent this book unto me by the Countefle of Warvvicke ; but I will none of that- for if any fubjecl of mine do me a fervice, I will thankfully accept it from his own hands :" then opening the book, faid, " You fhall fee that I can read ;" and fo, with an audible voice, read over the epiftle, and the title, fo rea- dily, and diftinctly pointed, that it might perfectly appear, that fhe well under- ftood, and conceived the fame. Then fhe defcended from the beginning of King John, till the end of Richard III. that is 64 pages, ferving xi kings, containing. 286 years: in the ift page fhe demanded the meaning of oblata, carta, iittera claufte, ct littera patentes. W. L. He feverally expounded the right meaning, and laid out the true dif- ferences of every of them; her Majeftie feeming well fatisfied, and faid, " that fhe would be a fcholar in her age, and thought it no fcorn to learn during her life, being of the mind of that philofopher, who in his laft years began with the Greek alphabet." Then fhe proceeded to further pages, and afked, where fhe found caufe of ftay, as what ordinationes, parliament/!, rotulas camb'ri, redifeifnes. IV. L. He likewife expounded thefe all according to their original diverfities, which fhe took in gracious and full fatisfaclion ; lb her Majeftie fell upon the reign of King Richard II. faying, *' I am Richard II. know ye not that ?" IV. L. " Such a wicked imagination was determined and attempted by a moft unkind gent, the moft adorned creature that ever your Majeftie made." Her Majeftie. " He that will forget God, will alfo forget his benefactors ;; this tragedy was played 4o'. ie times in open ftreets and houfes." Her Majeftie demanded " what was praftita ?" IV. L. He expounded it to be *' monies lent by her progenitors to her fubje&s for their good, but with aflurance of good bond for repayment." Her Majeftie. " So did my good grandfather King Henry VII. fparing to difti- pate his treafure or lands." Then returning to Richard II. fhe demanded, " Whe- ther I had feen any true picture, or lively reprefentation of his countenance and perfon ?" W. L. " None but fuch as be in common hands." 4 C. Herr 5 s6 APPENDIX. Her Majejlie. " The Lord Lumley, a lover of antiquities, difcovered it fattened on the backfide of a door of a bafe room ; which he preferred unto me, praying, with my <^ood leave, that 1 might put it in order with the anceftors and fuccefibrs } I will command Tho. Kneavet, keeper of my houfe and gallery at Weftminfter, to fhew it unto thee." Then fhe proceeded to the Rolls, Roma, Vafcon. Aquitanix, Franc'us, Scotia, Wallia, et Hibernia. W. L. He expounded thefe to be records of eftate, and negotiations with fo- reign princes or counteries. Her Majeftie demanded Again, " if redifeifnes were unlawful and forcible throw- in? of men out of their lawful poffeflions ?" IV. L. " Yea, and therefore thefe be the rolls of fines aflefled and levied upon fuch wrong doers, as well for the great and wilful contempt of the crown and royal dignity, as difturbance of common juftice." Her Majejlie. " In thole days force and arms did prevail ; but now the wit of the fox is every where on foot, fo as hardly a faithful and vertuoufe man may be found." Then came fhe to the whole total of all the membranes and parcels aforefaid, amounting to ; commending the work; u not only for the pains therein taken, but alfo for that fhe had not received fince her firft coming to the crown any one thing that brought therewith fo great delectation unto her ;" and fo being called away to prayer, fhe put the book in her bofom, having forbidden me from the firft to the laft to fall upon my knee before her ; concluding, " Fare- well, good and honeft Lambarde !" K a VIII. APPENDIX. 5 2 7 N° VIII. The following is an original letter (from this excellent Topographer, as fuppofed) to the Lord High Treafurer Burghley. W. Lambarde to the Lord Treafurer, contayning reafons why her Majeftie fhould. with fpeed embrace the adtion of the defence of the Lowe Countries, 1585. MY RIGHT HONOURABLE GOOD LORD, SEGURIS was with me to take his leave, difcontented, but confeffing that you alone had dealt moft honourablie for his king; which he would not only publifh here, but aflure his king that you were the fole perfonage to whom affairs ought to be addreffed. He affirmed * But I humblie affirme, that if her Majeftie undertake not throughly and royallye the matter of the Lowe Countries, fhe confumes her treafure to no purpofe ; fhe wafteth her men ; undoeth that poore people that muft needs have a faithful fove- reigne head (the lack whereof is their deftru&ion, par eriim in parent non habst imperium) ; fhe bringeth the war es - en to her own doors ; and yet can fhe not pro- voke Spain more than fhe alreadie hath ; fhe provokes all princes (as well pro- teftants as others) againft her; fhe maketh herfelf naked of all aide, and convert- eth the aides now prefented to be turned againft herfelf; fhe ftaineth her credit cverlaftingly, having importuned the poore people over unto her, and then to fend them away fruitlefs (for fo it is, if her Majeftie become not their head to beat down the tyrannie of Spain) ; fhe abandonneth the church of God in dif- treffe (her beft bulwarke); and enterteignes the calamities of her neighbours, not preferves them which are both in her help and near her help ; fhe excludes all traffique at home, by defpifing all friends abroad ; fhe diffolveth merchandize, breaketh the drapery of the realm, and ftirreth up all poore folkts that live of the fame to a neceffitie that will fhake the frame of the whole ftate, joining the in- conveniencies that will therewith concur. The gentleman fhall not fell his woole, the plowman his corne, the grazier his. ware, nor the artificer fhall be employed ; all things will be dilbrdered, and we fhall be fuffocated in our owne fatte, tho' we feele not the force of any foreigne invafion. Her Majeftie's cuftomes will be nothing; fhe muft live of her own rentes, and how they will be anfwered it is doubtful : that which fhe moft feareth. will follow, the contempt of her own perfon, the reputation whereof partly hath been kept in tune theie 27 years by one policie ; but the date is out, and the laft enterteignement had like to have proved tragical. Her Majeftie fhall neither have nor fee any thing about her but fadnefs of her fubje£ts, open difcontent and mur- muring of all forts; drooping in the nobilitie; in the reft, whifpering, confpiring, and exclaiming againft the Government, as Queen Marie had a little before her end, which haftened her end, from the which God of his mercy prefcrve her Ma- jeftie ! This only fequel is able to diffolve a greater kingdome than ours haftilv, which falleth not by pufhing at, but by his own weight, wanting means to refolve * A line and an half here blotted fo as not to be legible. 4 C 2 ant! 5 zS A P P E N D I X. and to execute nregnantly, and to know and ufe his own forces : Sic peribit (ni Dens avertat) regnujtifiorentiffimumfummo tripudto. On the other tide, her Majeftie undertaking the caufe roundly, the prince of Parma fhall myffe of Antwerp, and mull then lack lbme of the cities (capitulated withal) to iatisfie his foldiers, which will breed a general revolt of all the provinces named drfcontented : and yet the nobility will be eafily without this drawn to her Majeftie, if fhefhew herfelf openly, notmaiked ; a ground inconvenient for princes to Hand upon, which otherwife (to fpeak plainly and reverently withai) argueth fear and no policie, howloever it may be covered or pretended. The fubjcCts of England, with the contribution of the Low Countries, will abundantly defray the charges, without touching Her Majeftv's cofiers. The mat- ter roundly (not flowly) followed, will make a fhort war and a long peace, without danger to the enterprifor. For againft whome hath her Majeftie to deal ? With a king augmented by tyrannie and ufurpation, by the fuiferings of neighbour kings — a beggar indeed ! hateful to God, without people of his own — living of bankers, his dominions fcattered and chargably maintained by the fword, having nothing but opinion ot greatnefs : but no.v fo overtaken by his overweaning to embery, but to fpoil rather indeed all natio.s his meaning was. whereby he is r.earer ruin if it be folio ed. Her Majeltie was miraculoufly advertiled of bis intention by his own warrant, fent in pofte by God's goodneffe. His forces [if he have any) be farre from us, and the fame nothing if they be looked into; his country like to be ibrved within this year, and hs purfe will be empty r \ 11 the beginning of September. A great Coloifus out vardly, but inwardly fluffed with clouts. A man fubjedt to melancholie, and meeting in thefe years with dif- graces, deadly and mortal pafhons follow : one that keeps all his owne reckonings to cover his bare eftate from others. And this is the fcui--c l o.v 01 the world that her Majeftie has to contend withal; of whome, not kings, bur mean peifbns have fmall caufe to dread : his lieutenant Parma in defpair, and without pay and vic- tuals, wherein our rellraint hath done great goodj his oiuie-r- Tew, and vvorne with neceffities, and he not able to bring manv together for want of jrovifion to feed them. Thefe being the enemies and their eftate, there wantc. h a aching on our fide but the fpirit of God to incline her Majeftie to that v hich is jutt and neceffarie. For it feemeth that God hath delivered them into her hands already, which her faithful counfellors (as ye be all) fhould purfue, till fhe hath yielded to the thing that concerneth her fafetie and high honour. Wife counfellors ferve (under cor- rection) as well experienced phyficians, to cure the difeafes of the mind by diver- fitie of remedies till they have expelled the griefe. This (with favour) is their office ; and thole that be under their charge do look for difcharge thereof (with all reverence) at their hands. In this action her M.ijeftie fhall be efFedtually aflifted by the King of Denmark. The princes ot Germany (who never favoured r he French nor the Prince of Orange's courfe) will back her Majeftie, and join to reflore Truxes to the fee of Colleine; a matter of high importance. Her Majeftie fhall be Lady of 10,000 fayle of fhips in Holland and Zealand, and fhall have the ftaple of the world in her hand; de- fenfiblc APPENDIX. 529 fenfible againft all the world, having only a head that will oppofe. This will Hay and divert the French King's braynficke projects, who is both a coward and a beggar: all the provinces (named Malecontents) fliall be united hereby ; her Ma- jeftie fhall have infinite obedience ; and they fhall be delivered from extreme cala- mine. The glory is God's, the enterprize fafe and eafy, and her Majeflie lhall have immortal honour, wealth, and fecurity. For her Majeflie 's reafon, that me would not enter into a war for difpleafing of her people, that have fo long lived in peace, is (with her Highnefs's favor) no reafon at all. Her people generally defireth this war, as juft and neceffarie, taken in ripe feafon, and will have thofe that do impugne it as enemies of their countrey, condemning them of dotage, or malice, or of both. The confent (faith Comineus) firft had of the people of England to allow of war, is a marvellous ftrength to their kings, and is undertaken with alacrity, and fupplied with abundance. The King were then feigne to fue for the people's favor ; but this is offered ultra with a ge- neral confent and voice of all, the gentry, nobility, and counfellors concurring therein, which were moft dangerous to be difappointed. The realme will dif- charge her Majetlie of the charge of this war, for the vehement defire it hath to the prefervation thereof. I dare (in the fear of God) affure her Majetlie, that if fhe deal openly in this action, fhe fhall with facility rid the country of Parma and Spain before Chriftmas-day, and fo quit herfelf of this war, more fearful in con- ceit, than dangerous in effect. I have told her Majeftie of late fundry things of good confequence, proving true ; but I have had Caffandra's luck. I pray God to open her gracious eyes, and ftrengthen her royal heart in true valour, that all weak refpects be chaced thence : Une bonne Guerre faiet une bonne paix. Touching defenfive playfters to be made to help and heal our fore, is a matter (in the judgement of men of gravitie) impoffible by man's brain, but mod dan- gerous to him that fhall take upon him to perfuade that courfe, and to be the au- thor of a new counfell. Without all ftop, this iffue by impofthumation breaks inwardly, to our prefent and manifeft deftru&ion. For this my tedious difcourfc, I crave humble pardon of your Lordfhip that I am entered fo far, being tranfported into it ere I was aware : but it is the humble harmlefs opinion conceived of me, her Majeftie's poor, loyal, and careful fervant, uttered in all humble duty to you alone, and referred to your honourable cenfure, having my blood ready to feal it for her Majeftie's fervice, and the prefervation of my fweet natural country : and to you, my Lord, my affured duty and devotion to the end of my life : wherewith (weak and fick) 1 humbly take my leave. The 1 6th, and kept till the 18th of July, 1585 *. Your Lordfhip's ever moft bounden. * It may be obferved, that in this very year 1585, Queen Elizabeth entered into articles with the Dutch, obliging herfelf to very great fnpplies of men and money, lent upon the fecurty of the Brie!, Fh:fhing, and Ramekins; which (lie performed. Sir William Temple's Observations 011 the United Provinces, p, 66. O 530 APPENDIX. N° IX. Pedigree of LAMBARDE. Arms : G. a chevron vaire be- tween 3 lambs paflant. Creft.aTrogodife'shead. Thomas Lambarde, of Ledbury, gent. V_ . William Lambarde, of Ledbury, in the county of Hereford, gent.^'p Elizabeth wife of John Bond, Thoma;, died Juliana, dau. of-r-John, alderman and fheriffof of Ledbury, Hereford. without iffue. Will. Home, of | London, 1531 ; died 1554. London, gent. Anne, wife of John Godens, of Gloucefler, gent. Jane, d»\iEbtei=WlLI.lAM,: of Gen. Mul- bom 1536, ton, of Saint died 1601. Clere, Efq. 3 ••Silvefter, daughter and heirefs Margaret Reader. of Rob. Deane. of Hailing, and widow of William Dal- lifon, Efq; died 1587. Giles,==Margaret, daughter of b. i;3&. John Stephenfon, of i3: 158,1, London, without iilue. Jane, daughter of : Sir rho.Lowe, knt alderman of Lon- don, died Aug. 7, 1637. r : Multon, born 1 5S4, knighted 1607, died 1634. Margaret,= b. is8 5 , d. jOii. =Thomas Godfrey, Efq: Gore and Fane, born 1587, twins, died without iffue. r Acme, wife of Stephen id. Efq; of Wickham, Kent, born 16 14, died 1633. Ifabella, daughter of Sir John=pThomas, of Garrard, of Lamar, in Whe- | Sevenoaks, thamlted parifh, co. Herts, bart. | born 1615, j died 1675. Jane, wife of John Garrard, Efq; born 1617, died 1692. Mary wife of — — Maddox, born 1618. Jane, K>. 1640, d. 1662. Thomas, b. 1642, d. X674. "1 Ifabella, Magdalenc=pWilliam,: b. 1643, da. of Will. b. 1644. d. 1645. Humphreys, d. 1711. of Merio- nethfhire, Efq; "1" 1 Mary daughter and: coheir of Sir John Beale,bart.of Karn- ingham, Kent. :Thomas, b. 1670, d. 1745. William, John. b. 1673, k. 1674, d. 1679. died an infant. -Eliz. Piers, Ifabella, m. John, Elizabeth, Multon, Charles, Mary,m,to widow of toAllington b. 164S, b. 1649, b. 1650, b. 1652, Tho. Hat- SirThomas Paynter, of d. 1660. d. 1653. d. 1677. ~d. 1632. ton,ofLon- Piers, bart. Gillingham, don, Efq; b. Efq; b. 1646, 1654, died d. 1677. 1719. Multon, born 167; ;=^=Jane, daughter and William, knighted at the coro- heirefs of Edmund bo. 1680, . nation of George II. Fowler, of Afh, Efq; d. 16S1. died 1758. died 1780. Mary, bo. 1695, d. 1754. 1 ~r Jane, Ellen, William, William, Thomas,=^=Grace, daughter of bo. 1697, bo. 1699, born 1700, bo. 1701, b. 1705, I Sir William Par- died an died an died an d. 1717. d. 1770. I fons, of Notting- infant. infant. infant. [ hamfhire, Bart. Beale, bo. 1706, d. 1748. Jane, bo. 1718, died an infant. Thomas, died an infant. Grace. Mary, married to John Hall- ward, A. M. Anne, married to Sackville Auilen, A. M. Jane, married to John Ran- dolph, D. JD. Multon. Thomas— Sophia O:\vay. The L 53i ] The Letter on Saint Radigund's having been printed off without the final revifal of Mr. Lyon; the Editor has fince been favoured by that Gentleman with the following Re- marks and Corrections. Page Line 454 23 For " this abbey," it may be proper to add, " the church, or the altar of it, belonging to this abbey -," for,, notwithstanding what is laid, p. 462, line 10, it is plain from the date of the Charters, Thomas de Ponyngs, knight, could not be the founder of the abbey : there- fore what he fays in his will of the foundation, muff mean either the church, or the altar, or the choir of the church. For " Potton-wood," read " Polton-wood." iMy MS. has " Walter," not " William." For " Hautam," r. " Hougham." Heaggh Knoll, I rather think fhould be Fleggs Knoll ; as Fleggs Court- belonged to Saint Radigund's. ]b. I imagine the lands mentioned by the name of del Teghe in the Charter of Thomas Earl of Terche, line 26, are the lame as the lands called Dehegee in Her.ry the Third's Charter, page 4.59, line 3 ; and that the difference in writing it has been owing to the inat- tention cf the transcriber in joining the prepofnion De and the article to the name of the land. 457 4 For " Pultone," r. " Polton." lb. 6 Brlchtine and Molote, in my MS. copy of the Charters, are fpelled Birchtine and Mdote ; and are evidently the names of the women called in Henry the Third's Charter Brittuna and Malota" 458 16 Query whether " Blan-Corbel" fhould not be read " Alanus Corbel V I find it fo in my MS. copy of the Charters. 4^9 9 For " Sibertefw3nd," r. " Sibertfwould." 460 6 For " Haveking," r. " Hawking." 461 6 For " Survenden," r. " Surenden." 464 22 For " Portiers," r. Poitiers." 455 8 4.S 6 1 1 lb. 21 lb. 25 *** In p. 473« !• 3» r. Me0' sj Kv&JoKfKATct^:. 4 C 4 A re- I 53* .1 A re-perufal of the Memoirs of Mr. Lambarde has produced the following Corrections. ?. 425. P. 499. P. 503. Bibl. Brit. P. 506. P. 510. P. 512, 1. 24. {or prior a read prima. 1. io, for thcje read the Penjiontrs, The Letter to Lord Cobham, mentioned in the full note, is printed at large in the. Topog. N° VI. p. 8. 1. 1. for tofcrvices read to the ftrvices, II. for Cacittianis read Cccillianit, 1 6. forN ZX". read JT. penult, and p. 511. 1. 5. for Angiia read Anglica. 14. for annotiflc read annotajfe. 1 1 . to Edward add Fl. TWO DISSERTATIONS O N T H E BRASS INS T R U U M E N T S CALLED C E L T S, And other ARMS of the ANTIENTS, Found in this ISLAND. ftgldqwd fub terra eft, in apricum proferet cetas^ Hor, By the Reverend JAMES DOUGLAS, F. A. Si LONDON, PRINTED BY AND FOR J. NICHOLS, PRINTER TO THE SOCIETY OF A N T 1 CLU A R I E"& MDCCLXXXV, [ 5 ] T O Lieutenant General MELVILLE, F.R.S. F. A.S. Sec, S I R, HAVING had fome converfation with you on the fubjec~t ot the Brass Arms of the Antients, the fubject of thefe meets, which are frequently digged up in feveral parts of this Ifland; it will be an addition to the pleafure which refults from my Antiquarian ftudies, if, in the moments when you digrefs from more ferious bufinefs, the following paper can afford you any amufemenr. I have the honour to be, S I R, Your moft obedient humble Servant, SE1*5S. JAMES DOUGLAS. ; [ 7 ] R E F A C E. T H E following paper having been read at the Society of Antiquaries, 17. June, 17 84, it was, by the opinion of the Council, in compliment to a work which I am writing on the Sepulchres of the Antients difcovered in this ifland, thought to be invading on the materials. Their kind intentions are here ac- knowledged; but it is alfo neceffary to remark in this place, that, in the courfe of my reading, I have had occafion to difcard many obfervations which might poffibly be of fome ufe to literature, and which do not come immediately into the clafs of thofe particlttlars which have a more pertinent relation to the above fhidy. Such was the motive for fending the former part of this paper to the learned Society, which, when in their poffeffion, was fubmitted to their decifion, from a consideration that the inltrument called a Celt has been by moft Antiquaries thought meriting a more clear explanation than what has been hitherto given; and more par- ticularly from a confideration that the Celts, which were the fubject of this tract, were judged by feveral of our belt-informed Antiquaries of fome importance towards the illuftration of their life, and one in particular undefcribed in any work, It is to the candour of the Society of Antiquaries, I now fubmit this apology for printing the difcourfe myfelf — that the little if light it may be called, which may arife from the defire I hav e to publifh fuch carnal difcoveries, may tend, if not to iniiruct, perhaps to ftimulate others towards a final decifion on the ufe of thefe initruments. A 4 The 8 PREFACE. The fecond part of this difcourfe was written for the amufe- raent of the Society ; and which I Should have had the honour to have transmitted, had it not been fo materially connected with the former. The many learned and regular correspondents who furniih them with a continual fupply of curious papers, will in every refpect put it far from my thoughts, that the fame can in the leaft degree be acceffary to its repute, or information : I have therefore taken advantage of the publication of this tract to fubjoin the fame. On all other occafions, when matter occurs which may be poffibly of any curious import and worthy of their regard, I Shall ever hold it my duty, however feeble the endeavor, as a member, defirous of Supporting a body of learned men, by fuch a testimony of my zeal for their welfare, moS£ cordially to communicate the fame* j, DOUGLAS, [ 9 1 TO THE PRESIDENT and SOCIETY of ANTIQUARIES. HAVING two lingular Celts in my poffeflion, unpublifhed in any work, I thought the drawings of them, with fome remark?, might not be unacceptable to the learned Society, of which I have the honour to be a member. I was more particularly in- clined to fend this paper, as thele inftruments have long occa- sioned much fpeculation concerning their intended ufe among the antients. It would be intruding on the patience of the Society to comment on the papers which I have examined on the fubject : I mail therefore only enter on a fhort detail concerning the pe- culiarities of thefe inftruments, which may poffibly throw new lights on the fubjec~t, and perhaps tend to diffipate in fome degree the various conjectures which have been published refpecting them. In Plate I. is an inftrument compofed of a mixed metal in plate I. the form of a bull : the workmanfhip is elegant, and not much inferior to the fine flyle of the Auguftan age. It was found near Canterbury, but in what place, or at what precife time, I am not able to learn. I believe it was firit in the pofTemon of the late Mr. Scott, of Chigwell, in EfTex, a man of learning and tafte, who efteemed it as a valuable and rare curiofity : fince B which io Mr. Douglas's Differ tat ion on Celts. which it fell into the hands of Mr. John White, of Newgate- ftreet, who lent it to Mr. Jacob, of Faverfham, from whom I received it '. On the back of the animal is a lachrymatory, or club ; the feet reit on the executive part of the inftrument, which in fbape is precifely that which, according to Begems, we call a Celt.. The tail of the bull is turned on the back, and which, with much tafte, defines the proportion of the body from the vent that is contrived for the mart of the Inftrument, iufncieritly capacious to admit of a very fubftantial one adapted to the weight of the metal, and which was fecured by a hole for a tfivet ; under the belly are fome religious,' magical, or orna- mental marks ; the horns are fhort, and ? like the bull ordained for facrifice, feem pruned for the purpbfe. It muft ifrike every judgement, that if the inftrument mould .be a lachrymatory on the back of the bull, it will import the inftrument to be ufed in funereal' rites-. The ancients were accuftomed to facrifice bulls and other ani- mals to Pluto, to' pacify the manes of thofe who were deprived of t : he rites of burial, and who were fuppofed to be troubled by foectres or other nocturnal terrors : Parcite pallentes umbras quictimque teneiis Duraque fortiti tertia regna Dei 1 . Here we find tears to have been fhed over thefe facriftces. Again ; Ululantem — -jcalp.ere terram unguibus Cceperunt cruqr in fojjam confufus : lit hide Manes elicient 3 . f The drawing is the exaft fize. ? Tibullus, 3 Eleg. v. ;i Hor, i Sac. viii, 25. This Mr. Douglas's Dijjerlation on Celts. 1 1 This pafTage more properly relates to the invocation of the manes: but tears were fhed as much to appeafe as to invoke them. In the beautiful prophecy of the Cumoean Sibyl to ./Eneas, on the death of Mifenus, he is commanded, firft to commit his body to the ground, and then to facrifice black cattle to Pluto, as tu- telar deity of the manes : guatuor hie primum nigr antes terga juvencos Conjlituit ' ■ And in a following paffage, 'turn Stygio regi noclurnas inchoat aras, Et J'olida imponit taurorum vifcera flammis, Sec. Hence the infernal deity was called fummanus * qua fummus manium 3 . In St. Paul's Epiftle to the Hebrews 4 , there is a pafTage which Teems to relate to a cuftom which the Romans or Jews had of Tacrificing to the manes which were polluted, by their being deprived the honours of fepulture, or by any other kino; of dif- grace. For if We blood of bulls, and of goats, and the afJjes of an heifer fprinkling the unclean, fanciifieth to the purifying of the fk/b, Sec. Whether this pafTage relates to the antient law of the Jews or the Romans, is of no great importance to our en- quiry-it is well known that a fimilitude of cuftoms is ob- Tervable between the Jews and Romans in refpect' to facrifices. From thefe apparent and applicable feafons, this Celt may be itippofed to have been the fecuris, or fmall hatchet, appropTi- Virg. /En. vi. 243. * Varro, lib. iv. 3 Cic. de Divin. < Chap. ix, 13. B a sited' 12 Mr. Douglas's Differ tat ion on Celts. ated to the facrifices of the minor animals. Before we proceed, it will be proper to con'fider it as fuch. At the funeral of Mifenus, a black flieep was facrificed to night ': — Ipfe airi velleris agnam Mhias matrl Enmenidum thagnaique Jofofi Enfe ferit Horace % fpeaking of the enchantrefs Canidia, fays, • et pullam divellere mordicus agnam Coeperunt As the Poet here fpeaks in derifion of thefe rites, I fhould not think it improbable, that black flieep were alio flain in facrifices to the manes \ efpecially as it is expreflly defined in this Satire that the enchantrefs was invoking them : it is not to be fuppofed that thefe rites were confined only to the larger kind of animals ; few families or individuals could have afforded the expence, and we all know the antients, in matters of luper- ftition, to have been extremely fertile and ingenious in accom- modating their religion to their exigences. Pliny mentions black cattle, implying various kinds to have been facrificed in magical rites 3 . I have no doubt as the pafTage in Horace of the en- chantrefs, facrincing a black Iheep, relates to the manes \ fo does this paffage of Pliny. If from its lize, or little appearance of its executive power in this refpedf, objections are made to its being thus ufed ; be it then faid to have been a funeral enlign for the fervice of the dead ; that it was carried in the proceffion, or that it obviated * the 1 Virg. iEn. vi. 24c. * 1 bat. viii. 28. 3 Speaking of the power of Nero in procuring every effential for the rites of magic, Pecudes -zero, quibus non ?iift atcr color ejfet facile. Lib. XXX. c. 2. 4 1 obferve that thefe kind of Celts might have obviated the facrifices of large animals, and have been depofued near their fepulchres, to appeale the manes of the dead j Mr. Douglas's Dijertathn en Celts. 13 the actual facrifice of animals, by its being depoiited {imply with the allies. In the developing of truth, the moffc trifling remarks are of confequence. I am therefore inclined to mention the marks under the belly of the bull ; which, there is reafon to fuppofe, are magical : as the inftrument ieems dedicated to the mylleries of facrifice to Pluto ', who was by the ancients fuppofed to be the inventor of magical cyphers, I mould think the marks in queftion had fome relation to this type of the deity. 1 have, in the courfe of reading, obferved no fmall analogy between the ceremony of ancient magic pratftiied by the Romans, and their funeral rites ; and it may not be foreign to our purpofe to men- tion the difcovery of bracelets, which 1 found in a Roman Britiih. barrow, having very fimilar marks on them to thofe which are upon this Celt : Divination by bracelets feems to have likewife been appropriated to magic : Canidia denies, altum Sagance caliendrum Excidere, atque herbas, atqiie incantata lacertis Vincula dead ; which inference I have made from the apparent lachrymatory on the back of the bull ; and from fome relative paffages in the claffics. This remark I have fince found to be ftrengthened by the following paffage in Horace, 3 Od. xxiii. 14. Te nihil attinet Tentare multa cade bidentium. And a paffage of Cato fets forth, that thtfe facrifices to the Lares fhould be made in proportion to t-he perfon's abilities. Per eofdem dies Lari famiuari pro copia fup~ plicet. 'Ihey were made on the new moon, to which this Ode refers: but whether the crefcenr under the belly of the bull bears any relation to this cullom, I fhall not pretend to determine; poffibly there might arile fome difference between the facri- fices tor their vintage, and thole for the manes of their friends. However, 1 think it right to mention this particular, as having fome foundation for argument. 1 Pluto was alio laid to be the firft who invented funeral ceremonies. * Hor. 1 Sat. viii. I do jj Mr. Douglas's Differtation on Celts. . I do not mean to infer from this, that the Celt was appro- priated to magical operations, but only to obferve from thefe apparent magical cyphers, that the inftrument might be dedicated to Pluto, or adapted to fome ufes which were fepulchral and facred to this Deity. The above obfervations are penned with an eye to the inftrument's being appropriated to Roman ules ; let us confider it with an eye to Britim, Gaulim, or Celtic. There is a paffage in Plutarch, which favours a fuppofition that the jCeltic nation ufed the bull as a principal enfign, like the eagle of the Romans. Plutarch fays, that on an afTault of the Barbarians, meaning the Cimbri, who had invaded Italy in aftoniming multitudes, like fwarms of locufts,. and had taken afortrefs on the other fide of the Atheiis, finding the garrifon had behaved in a manner fuitable to the glory and known bra- very of Romans, they dilmiffed them on certain conditions, having firft made them fwear to them upon a brazen bull. In the battle that followed, this bull was taken among the fpoils, and is faid to have, been- carried to Catulus's houfe as the firft fruits of victory. The Cimbri were a people who inhabited the Cimbrica Cherfonefus, now Jutland ; they are generally men- tioned with the Teutons and the other Celtic nations : hiftory fays, they are defcended from the antient Gomerians, or Celtes, and are the fame people as the Cimmerians, who inhabited the countries about the Palus Mxotis, and hence they received their name : this indeed is highly probable from the fimilitude of name, and from the defendants of Gomer having fpread themfelves over that northern tract '. As this paffage occured in the original paper, I have fuffered it to remain in its place; otherwife it more properly relates to the fccond Differtation, p. 1-8; which will s See the Life of Marius, p. 1 8. more Mr. Douglas's DiJJertation on Celts. 15 more clearly explain the fenfe of this pafTage as relating to the Celt. Fig. II. Plate I. is a Celt in the form of a wedge, and which bears evident marks of a hammer upon it ; this inftruirierit, T apprehend, will admit of no doubt as to its ufe : the drawing is the exac~l fize. Fig. III. is a Celt in the form of a gouge, and which was ai'fo found near Canterbury ; the metal is mixed, uncommonly hard, and capable of being worked to any tolerable edge ; it has a focket proportionable to an handle for mechanical works : if this inftrument had been intended for a miffile weapon of offence, it would have been pointed for execution ; it rauft not therefore fail to ftrike almoft any capacity, which has reflected on the nature of the Celts, that when they have been found in fhapes 10 apparently fitted for mechanical works, and with weapons of warlike fhape ', futh as fpears and fwords, that they have been ufed for fuch purpofes. It has been thought a difficult matter = to illuftrate the ufe of the loop that is fixed to thofe Celts which are In the form of a chizel : as thefe have been found with military inftruments, it is natural to fuppofe they were ufed by the fbldier, in works of art; and in fuch cafes the inftrument would be fe- cured to his perfon as an appendage, while the defenfive or ' effenfive weapon would be difengaged, and ready for imme- diate execution. I have feen thofe that have been found in cafes, and doubtlefs. they were fo made to preferve their edges from injury. Were fpears or fwords ever found in cafes ? They needed no fuch caution : a ftone under foot would procure edges or points to them fufficient for execution ; but a chizel or an inftrument for a mechanical work requires a more curious procefs to pro- cure it an edge, and particularly a fine edge to a brafs inftru- ment that would be fo liable to injury. * Leland, Vol. I. p. 17; * See Borlafe's Hiftory of Cornwall, p. 2<5g. The i6 Mr. Douglas's Dijjertation on Celts, The Romans had an art of difcharging their javelins with a thong which they called amentum ; it has therefore been con- ceived that the loop of the Celt was adapted to this art 1 ; but as they are in fhape fo oppofite to a military weapon, they muft have been unwieldy, aukward, and defective in execution. If, like the inftrument of the ancient Franks, called francifcus, or the ?natarcc of the Gauls, which were darted at fome diitance, and recovered again, they would on their offending parts have been differently fhaped : with propriety T think we may there- fore conclude with this obfervation, that thefe inftruments, which we call Celts, were fabricated, according to their different quali- fications, for warlike, mechanical, and fepulchral offices. As they have been found with Roman coins of Antoninus Augultus, Divo Conftantio Pio, and Severus Alexander % we may conclude that they have been the produce either of the Romans or the Britons in this ifland, perhaps to the final de- parture of the Roman legionary eftablifhment ; that they may poffibly have been fabricated for Britain, from a novelty of fome military inftitute, or at a period when the Romans had not an opportunity of fending a reinforcement of arms ; the fabrication of which might be difficult, and the convenience not fuited to fuch a remote conqueft; and as brafs was more eafy to work, it was therefore ufed in preference to iron. It may be alledged, that the Romans, in confequence of their refinement of the Britons, had taught them the art of working iron to any ufes ; this is granted ; but furely the expedition of cafiing brafs arms is far greater ; it is very poffible, both brafs and iron ai ras were varioufly blended together for ufe ; and 1 make no doubt bat a time will come when iron arms will be difcoyered with brafs, or the metal arms, which are the fub- jeel: of this paper. 1 Borlafe'^ Ccnwall. 2 Ibid. 6 From np v f mmmmmm F/.ll Jgftc't,*, Mr, Douglas's DiJJertation on Celts. 17 From all the paffages which I have been enabled to felect from the writings of the learned to throw light on the nature of thefe inurnment?, I have not the leait authority for fup- pofing that they were ufed before the invention of iron, or that they can be configned to any remote period in hiftory. The Arundelian marbles, ftating that the ufe of iron was not dis- covered till 188 years before the wars of Troy, have no re- lation to our Celts ; nor are the quotations of learned men from Homer, Hefiod, or Lucretius, of any advantage to us '. They have been found with coins of the Lower Empire ; and iron in thole times was univerfally ufed in war throughout the ifland of Britain. In a former paper (on a Roman Hypogeum found on Chatham Lines) I promifed the Society a DifTertation on a Coin of Antbe- mhts, which, with other relics, I difcovered in a barrow. On a furvey of my materials, I have fince found they would not by any means come within the compafs of a paper ; and I have therefore referved them for a work with which they are more intimately blended. I have the honour to be, Gentlemen, Your devoted and faithful Member, 1* .ft..)* JAMES DOUGLAS. ' See Borlafe's Cornwall. DIS- [ 19 3 DISSERTATION II. FIG. 4. Plate I. is in the poflefiion of Mr. Rawle in the Strand : It was a companion to the one which I have in the extenfive collection of the late Mr. Scot; and I am forry to fay, that he has left no hiftory attached to it. The above antiquary has been honoured with the name of a man of great tafte and learning, and I have no right to offer any infinuation to the contrary ; yet I mail not forbear to aflert an opinion in this place, that when gentlemen hoard up antique relics as children collect gewgaws, they often expofe the more reflecting antiquary, whole only view in collecting them is to throw light on hiftory, or place lbme doubtful cuftom of an antient people in a more accurate point of light, to the pleafantry of his friends, and the ridicule of the unlettered part of the world. Mr. D'Hankerville, m his late publication, entitled, Rechercbes fur POrigine, /'Efprit, et les Prog res des Arts de la Grece, p. 225. mentions the Bull Celt of my former paper, which he faw in my cabinet; he conceives it to be the God Tbo of the Britons; which people, after the cuftom of the Cimbri, venerated the bull as the Deus conductor of their marches and armies; and he adds, that this fymbol among the Scythians was a fwof'd, a fpear among the Sabins, and a/Jo an axe among the Britons ; the form of which weapon is C . 2 reprefented 20 Mr. Douglas's Second Differ tatioft on Celts. reprefented under the feet of the bull. This was alfo the God of the Ifraelites, when they demanded of Aaron the Calf or heifer as their Gocfr, to precede them 1 their military expedi- tions. If the weapon may be fuppofed to be a club on the back of the bull, Plate I. (fee Fig. i.) we (hall have no difficulty in afcribinr it to the iymbol of Hercules the God of Might, alfo .he natural fymbol of an army ; Hercules being worfhiped by the northern nations under the name of Herculis Magufanus ', as well as by the Romans under the names of Herculis Erymantini^ Herculis comilis Augujli, Jovis, FicJoris, Statoris, Herculis immor- taiis, Cretenfis, Lihyci et Argwi\ and indeed by all the nations of the then known world. The focket of the weapon, its fize, as well as that of the fmaller hatchet, (hew them to be well adapted for the head of ftafifs, and may have been ufed, from the general oblervance and confidence repofed in the worfhip of the bull, by in- dividuals on their expeditions, as by an army on its march. See Plate I. Fig. i. and Fig. 4. Nor mould it ieem contrary to my former argument, that thefe inftruments fhould be alone appro- priated for thefe military religious purpofes; but they may, as was the cuftorn of the antients in matters of fuperftition, be adapted to the ceremonies of interment, as a fepulchral honour to the de- ceafed ; and hence we mall account for their being found in the earth, and thus handed down to us. Whether the inftrument on the back of the animal be the club of Hercules, or a lachrymatory, we may ftill afcribe it with propriety to the above purpofes \ 1 See Keyfler's Antiq. Sept. et Celt. 1 If this inftrument fhould be afcribed to the Britons, we muft difcard the pof- fibility of the instrument on the back of the bull being a lachrymatory ; as we arc given to underftand this was a funeral veffel of the Romans, and not of the Britons. ]n literary difcufTions, every thing for and againfl the argument fhould be publifhed. Pedantry and obftinate conceit muft. always t^ive way to the mofl: candid and liberal expolkion ; truth will otherwife for ever remain concealed from us. Fi^. Mr. Douglas's Second Differtation on Celts. 1 1 Fig. i. PI. II. Is an Egyptian piece of fculpture in a large PL * Tt n - entablature hewn out of a block of bafalt, lent over by M. Wortley Montague, and depofited in the Britifh Mufeum. Like the moll part of Egyptian workmanfhip of this nature, it is both in Cameo and Intaglio; the delign is funk into the itone, and then worked into relief. That the drawing might be more perfect, I took it from an imbofs off the ftone. It reprefents Oiiris and Ifis, which, under the fymbol of the ox and cow, rife out of an human fhape : here is united the veneration of the Egyptians to Bacchus, the great indigenous leader and deity. The known power of thefe deities fhew r them in this inftance to be but one being, imitating both fexes, and fo fymbolized by the Egyptians, Indians, and Grecians. This figure is of equal fignificancy with the Python, which may be feen on another entablature of the fame kind in the veftibule of the Mufeum, before which, as before the Ofiris and Ills, is a kneeling prieft, prefenting the obilifcal (tone, the emblem of fire ; which feems to be in imi- tation of the Belemnites ', which the Greeks copied from the Scythians, and with which they reprefented the rays of the Sun K The kneeling prieft, with the nature of the offering, fhews the power of this deity to be pre-eminent •, and hence it was called Apis, which in the Egyptian tongue fignifies Father : and by the Greeks, the fymbol being the fame as Bacchus (fee Fig. 3. PI. II.) it was called Father of the Gods and Men. The Scythians, in the time of Herodotus, gave the earth the name of Apia; Fri $e, *Aitia 9 lib. iv. p. 243. According to this ancient writer, this was the wife of the God Papjeus or Father, hence Pappus and Apia imply Father and Mother, male and female. {oLpfapa % dfavv Orph. Hymn, xli. ver. 4.) which created all 1 See Recherches fur l'Origine, l'Ffprit, &c. desArts de la Grece, p. 473. a See Plutarch in Lyjandro. The word is derived from belos, and fignifies a dart: Belemnites, Itone-dans. things, 22 Mr. Douglas's Second Dyjertation on Celts* things, and which engendered, or brought the earth out of Chaos, Pappus and Apia were the fame as Liber and Libera. This worfhip was tranfported into Peloponefus, and there it was called by Orpheus Apia, which among the Scythians fignifies the female Bacchus. The name implies the earth confecrated to that Dkity, and worihiped under the fymbol of a Cow \ This form is tranfmitted to us on the coins of Corcyre and Dyrra- chium, the former a colony coin of Corinth. Plutarch fays, that the moft part of the Egyptian priefls regarded Ofiris and Apis as the Jame deity. See alfo Diod. Sic. lib. I. p. 10. He was created in the city of Nvfus, in Arabia^ near to Egypt. It is now neceifary to remark, that as this ox is the fame as Ofiris, according to the greater part of the Egyptian priefts, who acknowledged it as the produce of Nyfus, and alfo to be the fame as the Bacchus of the Greeks ; fo it is alfo evident that the worihip of the Egyptians, as alfo of the Indians and the Greeks, arofe from Scythia. The origin of this emblem on the Celts, Fig. I. and 4. PI. L is fo curious and interesting, that I cannot difmifs the fub- jec~t before I have enlarged a little more on the fubjeiSt : Phylarch in Plutarch fays, that Bacchus was the firjl who carried from India into Egypt two oxen, one of which was called Apis, and the other Ofiris ; according to M. D'Hankarville, it is likely that fomething in this relation was true, for the name of Bacchus was given to the Scythian conquefr, which extended from India to Egypt 2 . The Cimbri, who gave the name to the Cimbri Cherfonefus, now Jutland, were of Scythian origin, an early ' See Rech. fur POrigine et le Progres des Arts, vol. I. p. 139. * According to Phylarch,on the (Jonqudl: of Bacchus, living animals were wor- Oiiped j this may be the realon why at this day lb much refpeft is paid to live oxen and cows by the Indian nations. See Rech.' fur l'Orig. ei ics Prog, des Arts de la CJr-ece, p. 141. colony Mr. Douglas's Second Differtation on Celts. 23 colony from the Palus Maeotis ' ; they have a fimilar fymbol among their idols ; the feet and tail of the bull, with the head on the thighs ; and this was their enfign which they tranfported into Italy againft Marius *. We ihall now want but little proof on our fide, to eftablifh the real ufe of the Celts, Fig. I. and Fig. II. which feem to have been the Celtic enfigns : the great northern deity, or Nifhen, which prevailed, as it does to this day in many kingdoms of the world. Fig. 1. PI. II. is a Greek coin, with the bull in the act of but- ting; which difcovers the force of this deity referring to the power of Bacchus; the animal treads on the fpear, the emblem of Mars the God of war of the Greeks, conducted by the fupreme Deity, the mighty father of Gods and men; which fymbol I have before obferved, was of Scythian origin. Fig. 3. is alio a Greek coin, the Minotaur; and to thole who are in the lean:- converfant with the true mythic of the antients, they will loon difcover the God Bacchus of the Greeks ; a warlike and powerful king, who at an early period, as far as human record C3n carry us, made a conqueft of almoft all the then known habitable earth 3 . On comparing therefore the Ofiris and His of the Egyptians, or the Mnevis and Apis, Fig. 1. PI. II. with Fig. 2. and Fig. 3. to Fig. 1. and Fig. 4. of Plate I. 4 we can have no doubt as to their ftrict and intimate relation with each other. Thefe obfervations alfo concur to prove that the anticnt theology admitted of one fupreme Being, whom they adored, as the ' See M. Pezron. 1 See thefirft DiiTertation, p. 34. 3 See Diod. Sic. 4 The crefcent under the belly of Fig. 1. and Fig. 4. may reprefent the horns of Ifis, typical of the crefcent of the moon; this united in Fig. 1. l'l. II. with Ofiris, fhews him to be the fun of night. There is a fceptre apparently under the crefcents in both of the Bull Cells, which may imply power or fovercign authority, equally confonant to the nature of this mythology. invhlble 24 iWfc Douglas's Second Differ tat ion on Celts. invifibie Father of all things, and reprefented under the emblem of the bull '. The word Tho, or Theo, implying this animal, cxpreis the word Theos ; hence Deus, God the Father of all. After having run over a brief defcription of the typical marks of this inftrument, let us digrefs to thofe that have been found jn Ireland, in Britain, and indeed all over Europe. That thefe brafs weapons called Celts, whether in the form of a bull, of a gouge, chizel, iword, fpear, or hatchet, have belonged either to an early people, or a people remote from the feat of refined arts, will need little debate ; we mail alfo find that they have been ufed perhaps from a very early period down to the lowelt of the Roman empire \ Herodotus fays 3 , " That, between the river Borifthenes and " Hypanis, there is a place called Exampus, in which place there " is a copper veffel, fix times larger than a fimilar vefTel ac il the mouth of the Euxine fea ; and that Paulanias fon of Cle- 4; ombrotus confecrated it; it contains about fix thoufand four s ' hundred gallons, and fix inches in thickneis. The inha- " bitants of thofe parts fay, that it was made from the heads " of arrows or spears of the Scythians ; that Ariantus king " of Scythia, being defirous of knowing the number of his fub- " jecls, demanded that every Scythian fhould, on pain of death, " bring him the point of an arrow, or spear." « See this very learnedly treated in Bochart, Hierozoic. p. 973. Alfo Rech. fui 1'Orig. ct les Prog, d-es Arts de laGrece, p. 145. 163. 1 In a work, entitled, Die gottcfdienjllicben Altertbiimer der Olwtriten, aus dem Tempel zu Rbrtra, am Tollenzer-See von Daniel Wogen, is the defcription of feveral brafs fpear heads, but which in the work are called Messers, or knives: in fhape and fize they anfwer to thofe that are found in Britain and Ireland. They were found with a variety of ether Runic relics in the temple of Rhetra, and feem all to have palled the fire. Moft of the idols have Runic characters on them, as alfo the fpear heads, which bear the names of Radegart, Vodlln, Podaga, inba } Pya. See p. 136, iqy, 138. J Lib. IV. 7 It Mr. Douglas's Second Differ tation on Celts. 25 It is eafy, from this relation, to obferve the hiftory of the fa- brication of this copper vefTel to be fabulous ; but it is alfo obvious that copper or brafs muft have been very plentiful in thofe days ; and that the arms of the Scythians appear to have been made of that metal. If therefore we may think, with colonel Vallancey ', that Phaenius, the Scythian leader, who taught their anceftors letters, might alfo have taught them the fabrication of their brafs weapons, which are found to this day in fuch numbers in that illand; or if we may adopt a very probable conjecture, on this ingenious writer's declaration, that the Iriih are the defendants of the Phoenicians, who were Scythians or Scythopolans, as we find in the Firft book of Maccabees, being one and the fame people ; we may therefore find no difficulty in alcertaining the caule why thele arms are found in that country, the itrueture and quality of which fo much correfpond with the brafs weapons found in molt places in Europe where the Scythian nation over-ran. In a converfation with Sir William Hamilton previous to his laft departure for Naples, I took occafion to enquire the hiftory of the numerous Celts and fome brafs fwords, which he has depofited in the Britifh Mufeum. He informed me that moil of them were collected in Italy, and he believes that many were found in fepulchres ; but he could not difcriminate them. This circumftance, abftracted from many others relating that they have been found in France and Portugal % muft convince the learned that thefe inftruments are not peculiar to this illand. It has been frequently ftarted, but 1 believe from mere con- jecture, that the brafs weapons, fpeaking of the fwords, were 1 See his learned preface to his Coll. de Reb. Hib. Numb. XII. ' See a paper read this year, 1785, at the Society of Antiquaries. D peculiar 2 6 Mr. Douglas's Second Differ tation on Celts, peculiar to the Romans, and that they were not made of iron ; whereas the reverfe mould feem to be the truth ; for in all their fepulchres we do not hear of any brafs weapons being found, only one of iron '. It has alfo been argued, that iron will not prefers itfelf in the earth to this period; but here, 1 muft take the liberty, with much fubmifTion, to contradict fuch a report, having upwards of an hundred iron weapons taken out of the lower Britiih fepulchres, that, with coins, will evince their having lain in the earth thirteen hundred years; moft of them are re- duced to a calx, and fome few preferve the metal with very little alteration. This depends very much on the quality of the foil ; but I believe no foil, excepting a foil which is much im- pregnated with the vitriolic acid, can decompofe iron to that degree, fo as to leave no trace of the fubftance; this reafon has alfo been given why iron weapons have feldom been found in Roman fepulchres, to ftrengthen an idea that the Romans ufed thefe brafs arms in their armies. That the impropriety of this remark may be more clearly demonftrated, I fhall beg leave to advert to the diffimilarity of Roman interment, and other nations in the neighbourhood of their conquefts ; this will alfo pro- duce fome reafon why arms are found in the I'umuli fepulcbrales of the northern nations, and not in the graves of the Romans. For this purpofe it is neceflary to give an example of a tomb which was opened by Sir William Hamilton, in the year I757 ? in the neighbourhood of Capua, a place famous for the in- dolent retreat of Hannibal, and which loft him the victory over the Romans. Near the fide of the fkeleton were found two fwords of iron, with feveral utenlils of bronze, and a brafs Impuhim, or ladle ufed in facrifices, and perhaps alfo in the do- meftic ufes of the kitchen \ Thefe vefTels, with fome of the 1 See the iron Gladius at Portici. * Two eggs were found in this grave, the (hells in a perfect (late of prefervation. 2, Etrufcaa Mr. Douglas's Second DiJJerlation on Celts. 27 Etrufean earth, and the other relics, excepting the initruments of iron, are preferved in the Britijh Mufeum. It muft occur to any antiquary of reading, that this tomb was the tomb of an ancient Etrufean, confequently the form of interment the fame as that adopted by all northern nations, the defcendants of the Scythians, as were the Etrufcans ; hence we find this cuitom of depofiting the fword, fpear head, and ihield, with the body inhumed, more frequently than burnt, among all the inhabitants of the Pelafgian race, the Canaanites and Egyp- tians, all united under the general name of Scythians or Phoe- nicians. Tnus in Ezekiel we are told, the warriors were buried with their Avords and other weapons ' ; and when with fome few exceptions we find the northern people preferred burning to burial, w r e fhall ftill find that weapons of war were thrown into their urns \ This cuftora being apparently derived from the Greeks, according to the laws of Solon, from which the Romans feem to have framed the law ? s of their twelve tables, which en- join the burning of their dead without the walls. This cuftom of burning has by fome been thought to have originated more from a cleanly than from a pious motive, and which has been adopted in moft warm climates, where putre- faction and contagion are more prevalent than in temperate regions. If we therefore compare the brafs arms found in Tumuli, which by their ftructure and fituation belong to a diitinc! people from the Romans, and the numberlefs fepulchres of the Romans 1 See chap, xxxii. ver. 27. which aludes to the mode of interment of the Pagans, and not of the Jews. And they Jhall not lie with the mighty, that are fallen of the uncircumcifed, which are gone doivn to hell with their weapons of war : and they have laid their /words under their heads. 3 See a brafs fpear head exhibited by Mr. Brand, Secretary to the Society of Antiquaries, found in the courfe of the fummer, 1784, in one of the barrows or. Ridge- /-ay Hill, in Dorfetfhire, and various other fpeciracus of this nature, which occur ni Englifli Antiquities. D 1 found 28 Mr. Douglas's Second Differ tation on Celts. found without arms, we muft afcribe this circumftance to a /«- nereal cujlom, and not to an accidental one of the quality of the earth, which has by length of time confumed the metal. A peculiar cuftom prevailed among the antients, of rendering thole things facred to their funeral rites which were efteemed facred to their religious inftitntes ; hence we find conftantly in the tombs of the women ', many relics which relate to their re- ligious ceremonies; the former ceremony, from a natural affinity, conftantly arifing from the latter. The Scythians, from an obfervation made at the beginning of this DhTertation, worfhiped the (word as the tutelar deity prefiding over their armies, but not under the name of Mars ; the deity of the Greeks under the like fymbol. Ferreus acinaces ejl Martis. Jimulacrum. Herodot. lib. iv. left. 62. As this deity was the fame as the Sabaoth of the Jews, and the God of the Perlians, we mail have no difficulty to afcertain a reafon why the fword, fpear-heady and other weapons, are conftantly found in the tombs of the de- fendants of thefe people. Mars omnium Scytharum Deus ; ei pro fimulacris enjes et iutoria dedicant. Pomp. Mela, lib. ii. cap. 1. And thus Solinus, Pro jimulacris enfes colunt. This deity, the Mars of the Greeks, was called Mamers by the Sabines, and re- prefented by the latter under the enfign of a fpear, and by the Amazons under the enfign of a battle-axe, which agrees with, the axe and fword of the Scythians; thefe women, being of Scythian origin, are always on the antient fculptures reprefented with the arms of a ihield and battle-axe. From thefe relative palfages we are to infer, that every nation appears to have adopted for the fymbol of the god of their armies, that kind 1 The graves of ihe Pagan women contain thefe kind of relics more than thofe of the men : this circumftance may be evinced by thole who have had opportunities of feeing the cabinets in Italy, and indeed in our own country • Mr. Townley's cabinet contains many proofs of this nature among the Romans ; and my own will exemplify this cuftom, in many inftances, among the Lower Britifh. of Mr. Douglas's Second Dijfertation on Celts. 29 of weapon which they more particularly ufed, and to have wor- fliiped it as their general deity : consequently from this motive, as well as a military one, they may have inftituted it in their funeral ohfequies. When the king of the Sabines lhared the government with Romulus the founder of Rome, the Sabines thus fymbolized Mamers their God of war. Ex Varrone difcimus, Roma antiquitas Martis fimulacrum hajlam fuijje. Clem. Alex. Cohort, ad Gent. I have now only to remark, that thefe brafs weapons appear to have been ufed by a people who had not the convenience of forging iron, and who perhaps were ignorant of the art of ren- dering it malleable; that nations remote from the difcovery of the art were obliged to make ufe of that metal which appears to have been known from the earlier! period of antiquity. Iron muft be acknowledged to have been a precious metal among the early Greeks, when Homer affigns an iron wedge as a prize in one of the gymnaftic exercifes, and which, to render it a reward worthy the victor, he afferts that it would laft him all his life for the fabrication of his weapons. And at a much more fub- fequent period we find, according to the elder Pliny, that this metal was efteemed of equal value to gold and gems, feeing that it was worn as rings by the antient fenators and even praetors, lib. xxxiii. cap. 1. Ne turn qitidem omnes fenatores habuerunt ; Ut- pote cum memoria avorum multi pratura quoque funcli, in ferro confenuerint . I fhould not apprehend that Pliny has much reafon to refer this to primitive oeconomy, fince we are well perfuaded that gold was in general ufe in thofe days ; be this as it may, I am inclined to think it arofe from the fcarcity of the metal only. At a period when the ufe of iron was well known among molt warlike nations, we read in Tacitus, that the barbarian arms were pointed with flint or bone; and I fliould therefore naturally infer, from a parity of argument, that the brafs weapons would be 30 Mr. Douglas's Second Dijjertalion on Celts. be fabricated as low down as the very loweft aera of the Roman empire ; and perhaps even ufed by the Romans themfelves on certain occafions when the legionary appointment was not at hand 2 . I (hall now difmifs this paper with an obfervation of the late Dr. Borlace, who conjectures, becaufe the inftruments called the Celts, in form of a chizel, are not difcovered on the Trajan or Antonine pillars, or have been found among the other nu- merous utenfils taken from Herculaneum ; and that as they do not occur in the Mufeum Romanum, or in the Muleum Kerche- rianum, they rauft have been peculiar to the Britons. Thefe kind of Celts are not military inftruments ; confequently are not likely to be found on the Antonine or Trajan pillar. In ihort, they appear to have been fabricated in all ages, and to have been more particularly the weapons and mechanical in- ftruments of a people, who had not the art or convenience of rendering iron malleable for their domeftic and military ufes: this will be the means of aiTigning a fatisfactory reafon why they have not been found in that unhappy city, which flouriflied at a period when the ufe of iron was generally known among the Romans ; confequently the reafon why they do not occur in the works of the afore cited authors, who appear only to have recorded the fine ft relics of Roman ingenuity and magnificency. • Thole who will take the pains to confider thefe brafs inflruments, Called Celts, ("words, fpear-heads, or thofe in the form of chizels, will find they are all caft in a mould, a procefs of making arms certainly much more expeditious than forging of tempered iron for warlike ufes. The metal feems to have been rendered ex- tremely hard with an addition of Lapis Calaminaris, or fome other ingredient, and will (harpen to a very keen edge. Were it neceflary for that fubduing people the Romans to arm a barbarian people with expedition, what procefs could have been better contrived for all ufes, military as well as mechanical, than that of cafting implements with a fuitable temper, which we know thefe inftruments to have? All nations would certainly give the preference to iron arms, when time, convenience, and Jkill unite, for the accomplishment of fuch an operofe undertaking. A N HISTORICAL ACCOUNT OF THAT VENERABLE MONUMENT OF ANTIQUITY THE TEXTUS ROFFENSISj INCLUDING Memoirs of the learned Saxonists Mr. William Elstob and his Sister. By S A M U E L P E G G E, M. A. To which are added, Biographical Anecdotes of Mr. Johnson, Vicar of Cranbrooke; and Extracts from the Registers of that Parish. ■ LONDON, PRINTED BY AND FOR J. NICHOLS, PRINTER TO THE SOCIETY OF A N T 1 Q.U A R I E S; AND SOLD BY ALL THE BOOKSELLERS IN GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND. MDCCLXXXIV. - C * ] An Hiflorical Account of that venerable Monument of Antiquity //^TEXTUS ROFFENSIS. [Read at the Society of An-ttquaries, London, June iS, 1767.3 THOUGH the hiftory of a Tingle book may feem at firil fight to be both uncommon and trivial, yet when one con- siders the antiquity, and the great importance of the monument, commonly known by the name of Textus Roffensis r ; the practice of our editors who are fo careful and induftrious, as to give us an exact account of every fingle edition of the author they publifh ; and, laftly, what has been lately done by Mr. Webb in his pamphlet concerning the record of Domefday, the follow- ing narrative of the compilement, the contents, the fate, hiftory, tranfcxipts, and publications of this auguft and moft valuable remain, may not be altogether infignificant or difpleafings efpecially as fome things will arife that are very remarkable and interefting. I fuppofe we may fafely depend upon Mr. Wharton, who, by the favour of the then dean and chapter of Rochefter, had the book in his cuftody for fome time, for the author of it. He obferves, that Ernulf % bifhop of Rochefter, fat in that fee from A. D. 1 114, to A. D. 1 124, in the reign of king Henry I. and compiled the book, which is written in a very elegant hand. The bifhop was very old at the time, not lefs than So, or 82 ; for 1 In Dugdale's Monaflicon it is called Chroni'coii Ctduflfi Roffen/is ; and bifhop Godwin, in his Life of Ernulfus, fpeaks of an Hiftory of the Church of Rochefter, kft by Ernulfus, which I fuppofe is n thing but the Textus. 1 .He is otherwife written An:u ! f, Anudpb, E'arnt .7/;. B i AN HISTORICAL ACCOUNT he was 84 when he died, A. D. 1 1 24 r , and yet the collection items to have been made about i T :o, according to Dr. Harris* in bis Hiftory of Kent % or 1122 according to Mr. Hearne \, and tins latter I take to be the truer account; but as to ErnulP s. he ng ihe author, an infeription in a very aatient hand, in the ii-ont of the book, fuppofed by Mr. Wanley 4 to be no lefs than: 400 years old, attelts the fame, lextus de ecckjla Roffenji per Ji.rrnilji.m epi/copum ; ; and it is obfervable,, that there is nothing. in the look of a later date than the time o£ the prelate Here mentioned; for as- to the 13 later archbilhops of Canterbury,, and the 1 5 later, bifhops of Rochefter, thefe have all been added by a more modern hand, as appears from the form of the letter, and the difference of the ink ; one perfon added the 6 bifhops that followed. Eraulf in fucceffion, and another, more recent,, has added the 9 following them. To thefe may be added, fa;, s Mr. Wharton, iome matters relative to the time of the bifhops,, John and Afcelin, inferred after the leaf 203; but all the reft ■ of the book is written in a hand coeval with bilhop Ernulph 6 . In refpecft of the contents of this famous MS. the book con* fiifs of two parts; the firft containing the laws and conftitutions* of the Anglo-Saxon kings,, in Latin and Saxon, tranferibed from ancient copies ; and the feeond giving us a regifter or chartulary of the church of Rochefter, from the autographs, with fome- other matters relating to that cathedral, written in the times of Emulf and his fucceflbrs ; but thefe laft in a later hand. Rilhop- ' Hearne in his Vrafatio, Wharton, an-d Gul. Malmfb. p. 234, P a g* 3 2 «-Dr. Hams though varies from himielf in this reipecT, for in a note infened by him in the origin. 1 at Roch< fkr, on the re trie of the lee md leaf; he. conjectures the text might be compiled A. D..1115, which is not ib credible. 3 See his Pro fat o, p. xxxv. 4 Dr. Hickes's The!', torn. III. p. 273. 5 1 ext < > de ecce Roffn per Ernulfu Epm. Mr. Wanley, 1. c. 6 Mr. Wharton's Angl. Sacr. torn.. I. p. xxx. fcq. 5 Ernulf' OF THE TEXT US ROFFENSIS. 3 Ernulf was a Norman ' ; and, in regard to the firft part of the work, Mr. Hearne applauds him extremely for his great diligence and application, in making himfelf matter of the Saxon language then growing into diiufe, and his commendable care in preferving and perpetuating this momentous code. The above fhort account of the contents is taken from Mr. Wanley, in whom may be feen, by thofe who are acinous of it, a very exact lift of all the articles that compofe the firft part, with a general reprefentation fuperadded of what is to be found in the fecond. I mall content myfelf with giving the following ab- breviation from Mr. Wharton ; * The laws of Ethelbert, JElfred, * Guthrun, Edward the Elder, Edmund, and Ethelred, in Saxon \ < The exorcifm of the Ordeal, the laws of K. Cnut, the con- * ititutions of William I. Extracts from the decrees of the Popes, * the inftitutions of K. Henry I. A. D. iioi, the fucceffion of * the Popes and Emperors, of the Patriarchs of Jerufalem, and * the other four patriarchal fees 3 , the names of the archbimops * and bithops of England, from the time of Auguftin the monk, * di&rlbated according to their fees, in Latin. Judicia chitatis * London 4 , the genealogy of K. Edward the ConfefTor from * Adam, the genealogies of all the kings of the Heptarchy from * Adam 5 , in Saxon. The privileges, charters, and ordinances c of the church of Rochelter, in Latin and Saxon.' Bilhop * Whoever defires a further account of him may confu'k Malmfhury, Mr. Hearne's Preface, p. xiv. and Appendix, N I. II. III. IV. Wharton, A S. torn. T-. p. q;. Bifhop Tanner's Biblioth. Gunton's Hiftoiy of Peterborough, Cave's Hilt. Lit. ccc. * Thefe are far from being all. 3 Rather the other three, fur there were but 5 in all, and thofe of Rome and Jerufalem are mentioned before. However, there are only two in the original, Alex- andria and Antioch. 4 Thefe are la.": bf K. A.hel:V.r>; they aTe exrant in Brompton inter X Script, col. 852. and in Wflkins ; fee alio bifhop Nicolfon's Milt. Libr. p. 1:4. b i. e. they are carried up to Woden, who in the former is carried up to Adam» B 2 Nicolfon's 4 AN HISTORICAL ACCOUNT Micolfon's account of this matter is ftill morter ; but, as Tie mentions ibme things neverthelefs, omitted by Wharton, I fhali infert it. * It furmfhes us,' fays he, ' with the laws of four * Kentim kings (Ethelbert, Hlothere, Eadred \ and Withred) * omitted by Lambard % together with the Saxon form of oaths * of fealty, and wager of law ; the old form of cu'rfing by bell, * book, and candle ; of Ordale, &c.' 3 I enter now upon the fate, hiftory, tranfcripts, and impref- fions of this book, and its parts. The firft perfon that made any ufe of our MS. fince the re- storation of learning, was that great reviver of Saxon literature, Lawrence Nowell archdeacon of Derby, and dean of Lichfield. The famous Kentifh antiquary William Lambarde was a difciple of his in the Saxon tongue, of which he is reckoned the fetond reftorer 4 ; and the dean having made certain tranfcripts from the Textus, imparted them to him, giving him withal other affiitance, and the ufe of his notes, towards the completing his Archax)- nomia 5 ; he alfo gave him his Vocabularium Saxonieum 6 , and died A. D. 1577 7 . The abovemcntioned Mr. Lambarde pubTifhed his Archteo- nomia, A. D. 1568, in quarto, wherein are various tranfcripts from this MS. But thele, as Dr. Hickes has clearly fhewn 8 , were not copied by him from the original book, which he did not fee fill the year 157.3, when his name occurs in the margin of it, as- 1 Eadrk, as I fuppofe. Meaning in the Archa:onomia. J Nicolfon, Hid. Libr. p. 134. 4 Wood, Hift. & Antiq. Lib. II. p. 2 1 5. 5 Wood, A th. I col. 186. 6 Tanner, Bibl. p 54, 7 Bifhop_ Tanner lays, 1576; but fee Dr. Br. Willis's Catli. torn. I. p. 400. Mr. WcoJ is doubtful where he is buried, unlefs at Lichfield ; but Dr. Willis rather thinks it was at Wefton in Derbyshire. s Ilickes, Epift. to Sir Barth. Shower in zd tome of his Thef.p. S8. it O F T H E TEXT U S R C F F E N S I S. t it does in various places, but they were put into his hands by his preceptor the dean of Lichfield, and he publifhecl them in this volume with his own Englifff tranilation. Archbiihop Matthew Parker, arid his Affiftant John jofceline % appear next to have uied our MS. for the Antiq. Brit. Ecelef. being printed A. 1572. Lib. Rojj'. is often cited in the margin. Afterwards, A. D. 1576, Mr. Lambarde's firft edition of the Perambulation of Kent appeared; and there we hav c an extra:! printed from our MS. concerning the maintenance and fupport of Roche iter Bridge, in Saxon and Latin; the Saxon being al.i> tranilated by him into modern Englifh \ It occurs alio in Elftob's tranfcript to be mentioned below, and in Mr. Hearne's. Appendix, p. 379. Archdeacon Denne has alfo tranfcribed the Latin part into his copy of Hearne's edition ; and you have the Latin, Saxon, and Englifh, in Dr. Harris's Hiftory of Kent, p. 260. Mr. Lambarde cites the MS. again, p. 271. 31 7. and 343. of thi firft edition. He has alfo there printed Brihtric's will, p. 35 7» from it, though he has not noted that, and has given us an Englifh tranflation of it. This curious monument has likewh'. appeared in Dr. Hickes's Thefaurus 3 , both in Saxon and Latin ; in Hearne's Textus Roffenfis, p. iro, you have the Saxon part* and in the preface, p. xxv. the Saxon with Mr. Lambarde's Engliih verfion; as like wife in Dr. Harris's Hiftory of Kent, p. 201. A. D. 1623, Mr. Selden publifhed the- Monkilh Hiitorian Eadmer; and in the Spicilegium, 197, has printed from this MS. the famous pleading at Pinnenden Heath, near Maiditone in. Kent (now called Pickenden Heath), between archbiihop Lan- franc and Odo bifliop of Baieux, in Latin. This hath been many times reprinted fince, as by Sir William Dugdale in his 1 Of whom, fee the Hiftory of Lambeth Palace. 1 Fcrambui p.gorj^ifeq idn. 576. The Author's 2d Edition of this boob was publilhed A. 1 v / . which is an enlarged, and the beft edition. Tom. il. in Epitf. id^ardi. Shower, p. 51. See alio torn. 111. p, 241. Originea > 3 AN HISTORICAL ACCOUNT Origines Jurid. Mr. Wharton, in Anglia Sacra, ten. I. p. 334; and lariiy, by Dr. Harris, in his Hiftory of Kent, p. 50. A. D. 1626, came out the firrc part of Sir Henry Sj el man's GloiTary ; and therein he inferted from. this MS. the old fa son of excommunication, or curling by bell, book, and candle '. This appears alfo in Mr. Hearne's edition of the Textus, p. 55. The book, after this, was in the ittmoft danger of being fecreted, and finally eftranged from the church, before half of it had been either printed or tranferibed ; one Leonard, a e'e ctor •of phyfick, had got it into his hands,- and kept it two years ; but the dean, Walter Balcanqual, and the chapter, getting fcent of the purloiner, beftirred themfelves, .and at ialt recovered their MS. but not without a bill in chancery. Concerning this tranfaction, the following- note is now entered on the 2d leaf: * Venerandum hoc antiquitatis monumentum per integrum bien- * nium defideratum, furreptore tandem deteclo, ac rellitutionem * ftrenue negante, decreto fupremae curiae, quam cancel lariara * vocant, non exiguis hujus ecclefise fumptibus, reeuperavit, red- ' dique priftinis dominis curavit Gualterus Balcanqual hujus ' ecclefiae decanus anno poll natum incarnatum 1633.' This memorandum, which is alio copied by Mr. Wanley in Dr. Hickes's Thef. torn. III. p. 273. is now palled on the 2d folio, and is probably the hand-writing of deail Balcanqual; it is alfo anew tranferibed with the following note, This is written on the wooden cover of this book, and thence copied by. }'. H. 1). D. P. R, that is, John Harris, D. D. Prebendary 01 Ro; belter. It appears clearly from Hearne's Preface, p. vi. that Dr. Leonard was the pilferer, for he had the book in his keeping, A. D. 1632. ; We read there, In dentihui merdaciius, in !?'ris, five moli'us; and fo Mr. Hearne gives it Ifj, p. s8. but ctrrtaiol) av ought 10 read, in , lcby\s five mahribus. If is the tank of the original lcnoe, for Dr. DeniiC has not co.iccicd a in ha Douk to be mentiuned below. Whilft OF THE T F. X T I' S R O F F E-N S 1 Si T Wrnlft the book was in )r. Leonard's cuftody T , Sir Edward Denng, the line bar. net of the Eannly, a gentleman of gr< .; parts and learning, and of ii smenfe application, made a tran- feript with his o .n hand 2 of the whole of this book, that had not been already printed,, or was not expected to be printed 3 , ■which will be again mentioned belpw ; and this he did with a public-ipirked defign of having it pafs the prefs-. Sir Edward's haul is {^en often in- the margin of the original book; and from one place it appears, .hat . e had recourfe to the book, A. Di 1644, the very year he died,, and after the MS. had been re- covered in'.o thfi hands of vhe dean and -chapter. The firll volume of Sir Henry Spelman's Councils came out A. D. 1639; wherein he has inierted ieveral tranfcripts> from> this MS. but it is a question whether he ever law the original ; for hear what Mr. Job nibii fays, ' By this infpection (of the MS-. c in relation to K. Wihtred's laws) 1 further learned, that Sir H.. 6 Spelman did more probably never view the MS. itfelf. For there. * are ibme mi'lakes ib very, grois, that none ufed- to the reading * of Saxon monuments could poflibly be guilty of them. The * tranfeript from which he publilhed them feems to have been 1 made by ibme one that was a fhanger to the Saxonie letters V A- D. 1640, John de Laet, a celebrated fcholar of Antwerp, tranilated the laws of Ethelbert, Hlo there and Eadrie, into Latin* He never faw the original, but had a tranfeript fent him by Sir Henry Sptlman ; and the original Saxon, with its veriion,. may be feen in Dr. Hiekes's Thefaurus ? . ■ Hearne's Prrfat. p. v. * .So I underftand Mr. Hearne. 3 However, tl-'ere were many things in this tranfeript that had been already pub- liflv.i!, ai .ippcars troTi ilearne's edition of it. * Johnfon's Pref. to Collection of Laws, &c. p. iii. * Tom. li. in the DiiTent. Epift. p. 88. leq. Abraham; S AN HISTORICAL ACCOUNT Abraham Whelock, Arabic Profeffor and public Librarian at Cambridge, reprinted Mr. Lambarde's Archaeonomia, A. 1644, in folio. He had the ufe of a copy of Mr. Lambarde's edition, amended in" various places by the editor % and moreover made ■ ieveral additions to the work. I fuppofe it might be about the time that Mr. Somner collated Sir Henry Spelman's firft volume of Councils, in the articles taken from the fextus; with the original ; for that he compared the printed book therewith, we learn from Mr. Johnfon 2 ana bifhop -Kennet's Life of Mr. Somner 3 . The volume fa emended by him is now in the library of the church of Canterbury, and has been made ufe of by Dr. Wilkins. During the time of the grand rebellion, bifhop Nicolfon fup- pofes, this book was wifely committed to the care of Sir Roger Twyfden, one of the learned editors of the X Scrii tores; for in his cuftody, he fays, he found it often referred to by Sir William Dugdale, in a work which he comp> fed during thefe troubles 4 . A. D. 1655, the firft volume of Sir William Dugdale's Mc>- nafticon came out, therein Mr. Dodfworth and he have made good ufe of our MS. A. D. 1664, the fecond edition of SirH. Spelman's Gloffary was publifhed ; this contained the entire work, of which the former part had been corrected and enlarged by the author ; and in the new, or fecond part, are inferred the forms of the ordeal trials, from our MS. which were alfo in Sir Edward Dering's tranfcript, and have fince appeared both in Mr. Hearne's. edition of that tranfcript, and in Mr. Browne's Fafciculus to be mentioned below. It ought to be here noted, that though this fecond part of - ' HickeS's Thef. ibid. p. 87. , , 1 Johnibn's Fief, to Collection of Laws, g c. ;>. >". ! Bilhop Kennet's life of Mr. Sumne re . v i> - rrr.r's Roman ports and '■>ns, p. 89. 4 lie means Sir William's Otig.Jurid. See Nic. Hift. Liar. p. 134. the O F T II K T E X T US II O F F E N Sis. £ the Gloffary did not appear till anno 1664, yet it was compiled at the time the firlt part was, as we are informed in the preface to the hilt and hell edition, printed A. D. 16S7. A. D. 1666, Sir William Dugd ale's Origme's Juriqfcidles ap- peared, into which he copied from our MS. as mentioned above, the famous pleading at Pinnenden Heath, having made life of the MS. whilft it was lodged in the hand of Sir Roger Twyfden. Mi*. Edward Browne, the worthy and learned rector of Sun- drich in Kent, reprinted the Fafciculus rcri'.m l: darum ct fugiendaru/n, anno 1689, in folio; and in the Appendix, or vol. II. p= 903, the Officium Qtdtilii is printed, as tranferibed by' him from the original MS. ' A. D. 1691, Mr. Wharton publifhcd his Angl'ui Sacra in two tomes, folio. The dean and chapter of Rochelter intrufted him with their MS. to Lambeth, where Mr. Wharton then refided as chaplain to archbifhop Sancroft, and from thence he has tranimitted into his fir ft volume, p. 329, feq. whatever was fuit- able to his prefent defign ; and this was the lirft publication of this part of the MS. In the fame year, came out Dr. Gale's Hi/1. Brit. Sax. Anglo Danuc Scriptores XV. and p. 792. he has inferted from our own MS. Geneologias per partes in Britannia' region regnari, which he Ityles a rare monument, formerly tranferibed by him from this very ancient book. Charles Bertram, of Copenhagen, has fince reprinted thefe Genealogies from Dr. Gale's edition, in his Brit. Gent. Hi/1, aniiq. Scriptores T'res, printed at Copenhagen, anno 1757 2 . A part of thefe genealogies appear alio iri Hearne's edition of Sir Edward Dering's Tranfcript, p. 60, and the whole of them in that Tranfcript which was made by the Elltobs. See below. 1 See above, A. D. 1664. 1 See the Preface prefixed there to Nennius. C Dr. ,o AN HISTORICAL ACCOUNT Dr. Hickes, in the fecond tome of his Thefaurus publifhed anno 1703, obliged the world with his famous Differ tatio Epijlo- laris ad Bartboloma'um Sbozvere. The doctor was a perfon of great accuracy, and had recourfe to the original MS. not only for the pieces already mentioned, but likewife for feveral others, which he has given us in that excellent epiitle. In 1705, Mr. Humphrey Wanley's large Catalogue of the northern books, both printed and MS. came out, making the third volume to Dr. Hiekes's Thefaurus; and here, p. 273. f q. we have a lilt of all the articles contained in our MS. as men- tioned above, from his own ocular infpecftion. A. D. 17 1 2. the MS. was at London, and, I imagine, for the ufe of Dr. Harris, who was prebendary of Rocheiter, and was then upon his Hiftory of Kent ; for though this work did not appear till anno 1 7 1 9> yet he had begun it, as he tells us, eight years before. Mr. Johnfon was defirous of collating Sir H. Spelman's edition of K. Wiht red's laws, with the original, but in a complaining {train tells us ; ' That noble MS. was not at * home in its proper repofitory, during the whole time that I was * compoling this work V The work came out A. D. 1720, being his Collection of Laws, See. However, the MS. was now in London ; for the rev. Mr. William Elftob, and his lifter Mrs, Elizabeth Elltob, employed one James Smith, a boy of ten years old, to make a tranfeript for them, in folio, of fuch parts of the MS. as had not been before published \ This tranfeript the brother and filter collated and examined together, and it was finifhed x kal. June, or 23 May, 171 2, being very fairly written in three months time ; and a very extraordinary per- formance 1 it is for fuch a boy. Every page of it anfwers to the ' Mr. Johnfon's general preface to his Collection of Laws, &c. * There an- fome things neverthelefs in this tranfeript Cnat had been printed before, as \% noted above in feveral places. pages OF THE TEXTUS ROFFENSIS. i i ' pages of the original book : and as what it contains more than the Dering tranfcript printed by Mr. Hearne will be noted here- after ; I fhall only obferve here, that this tranfcript, on the death of Mr. Elftob, came into the hands of his uncle, Dr. Charles Elftob, prebendary of Canterbury ; and when he died, it was purchafed with the reft of Mr. William Elftob's Saxon tranfcripts by Mr. Jofeph Ames, fecretary to the Society of Antiquaries at London ; and I bought it at his auction, anno 1760. But this Mr. William Elftob, and his learned lifter, being per- fons not generally known, though both of them exceedingly eminent in their way, I fhall here infert a fhort account of them, from the papers of the filter, who, about the year 1738, compiled a brief Narrative of her own and her brother's Life, and gave it in her own hand-writing to Mr. George Ballard, whom we mall often have occafion to mention hereafter, and at whofe re- queft Hie drew it up. Dr. Nathanael Wetherell, the worthy mafter of Univerfity College, was fo fortunate as to find the nar- rative among Mr. Ballard's MSS. in the Bodleian Library, and fent a tranfcript of it to the honourable and right reverend the Lord Bifhop of Carliile, who was pleafed to communicate it to me, in order to enable me to give the following authentic, though contracted, account. William Elftob was born January the firft, fixteen hundred and feventy-three, at Newcaftle upon Tyne. He was the fon of Ralph Elftob ', merchant in that place, who was defcended from a very ancient family in the bifhoprick of Durham 2 ; as appears not only from their pedigree in the Heralds Office, but from feveral writings now in the family, one of which is a grant from William de la More, mafter of the Knights Templars, to Adam 1 By Jane his wife ; Mrs. Elftob's own Life. S. P. c See the notes on the Homily on St. Gregory's Day, p. 17. The name is alfo there accounted for, p. 16. S. P. C 2 de *» AN HISTORICAL ACCOUNT d Elneftob, in the year thirteen hundred and four, on condition of their ' paying twenty-four fhillings to their houfe at Shotton, et faciendo duos convent us ad curiam Juam de Foxdene. William had the earlieil part of his education at Newcaltle % from thence at about eleven years of age he removed to Eaton, where he continued five years. From Eaton, by the advice of an uncle, who was his guardian 3 , he was placed at Catherine Hall in Cambridge, in a ftation below his birth and fortune. This, and the air not agreeing with his conflitution, which was confumptive, was the occafion of his removal to Queen's College, Oxford, under the tuition of Dr. Maugh, where he was a com- moner, and continued till he was elected fellow of Univerfity College, by the friendihip of Dr. Charlett, mailer of that college, Dr. Hudfon, &c. 4 . In leventeen hundred and two, he was by the dean and chapter of Canterbury preferred to the united parifhes of St. Swithin and St. Mary Bothaw, in London 5 , where, after he had difcharged the duty of a faithful and orthodox pallor, with great patience and resignation, after a long and lingering illnefs, he exchanged this life for a better, on Saturday, March the third, feventeen hundred and fourteen-fifteen 6 . 1 I fhould fuDpofe from hence that the grant ran to Adam de Elneftob and his heirs. S. P. 1 Where his father was fheriff, anno 16S5. Bourne's Hifiory of Newcaflle, p. 24:. S. P. 3 Charles El (lob, D. I). who was inftalled prebendary of Canterbury, anno 16S5, and there died, anno 17:1. S. P. * He removed to Univerfity College, 23 July, 1696', and was elected Fellow the fame year, beiDg then Bachelor of Arts. June '3, 16 7, he took the degree of Mailer. Catalogue of Giaduares at Oxford, 1727, 8vo. S. P. s By the procurement, no doubt, of his uncle the prebendary. St. Mary Bothaw, after the fire of London, was united to St. Swithin ; and as the dean and chapter of Canterbury were patrons of the former, and the Salters Company of the latter, the two incorporations have an alternate patronage, and the turn at this time was in the dean and chapter-, the livings together are reputed at 1401. per annum. S. P. * And was buried in the chancel of St. Swithin's Church, London, under the communion table. S. P. I Mrs. application. 1 and which the OF THE TTXTUS ROFFENSIS.' ,3 Mrs. Elilob informed wit. Baliara by letter, that her brother was chaplain to Willi. il I i often, bifhop of Cailille'. Nicoltbn was confederated 14 June, 17.02, and' it was probably fpon after that, that he was appointed chaplain, but I imagine he was only titularly, and not domeftically fo. However, in February 1713, upon a profpeel of a'vata . Inn, on the promotion of Dr. Francis Gaftrel to -.he ibc" of [ 1 r, He foliated lord chief juftice Parker for his intereft, that he might be appointed preacher there. Be mtimales in hi ^ letter % that he had not met with fuccels in five world ariiweraBle to rus merits*/ and it is certain he had not, nor was he more fortunate in the prefent 'he characler Whicn the lady gives of her brother, reader' would probably like bell: to receive in her own words, runs thus : * To his parents, while they lived, he was a moft dutiful fon,. 6 affectionate to hh relation:-, a moft fmccre friend, vets chari- * table to the poor, a kind mailer to his fervant-, and generous * to all, which was his greater): fault. He was of io fweet a 4 temper, that hardly any thing could make him mew. his relent - ' ment, but when any thing was faid or done to the prejudice of * religion, or disadvantage of his country, * He had what might juftly be called an . univerfal genius, no i arts or fciences being delpifed by him; he had a particular 4 genius for languages, and was a mafter of the Greek and * Latin ; of' the latter he was efteemed a good iudge-, and to * write it with great purity ; nor was. he ignorant of the QrienJ *■ languages', as well as the Septentrional; He was a . at lover ; f? ■ '. 1 Ballard's addition to Mrs. Elftob's 1 st tfflfijnSf hef:bV6tfien 1 In the letter he wrote to the lo r cf chief juftice on the < , which is : rn the hands of my nipft ol lining friend Thomas Allle, t'q; she o'jlerves, • he had b( * a preacher in.tiie city; eleven year-, and (ftlig^ftfrii* tois ] ', a: we" ' borious in other matters, without Peeking or finding fuch - ces as-are both ' ufeiul and neceffary to fuch as converfe with books.' 1 of ,1 AN UISTORICAI..ACCOUNT * of the antiquities of other countries, but more efpecially thofe < of our own, having been at the pains and expences of vifiting * moft of the places in this nation that are remarkable either for * natural or antient cuji.ofi.ties, architecture, .paintings, fculp- * ture, See. i What time he could fpare from the ftudy of divinity, wag 4 fpent chiefly in the Saxon learning, in which he was a great ' proficient.* Mrs. Elftob, after this, proceeds to give a detail of her brother's \yorks ; but as (lie is very fhort upon this fubject, and indeed has not mentioned them all, I mall here exhibit an en- larged defcription of them, partly from my own obiervations, and the information of Dr. Wetherell, but principally from Mr. Ballard's MS. Preface to his own tranfeript of king Alfred's Anglo-Saxon verfion of Orofius, communicated to me by the moft benevolent- and pu'blic-fpirited bifhop of Carlrfle. Mr. Elftob was a perfon extremely well verfed in the Saxon tongue *, and being then refident in college, the very learned Dr. Hickes folicited him to give a Latin tranflation of the Saxon Homily of Lupus, and prevailed. The original, with the Latin verfion, is inferted by the doctor in his Epiftolary DifTertation abovementioned, p. ,99. feq. The Epiftle Dedicatory to Doctor Hickes, thereunto prefixed, is dated Univerfity College, v Id. or 9 Augult, 1 70 1 ; Mr. Elftob being then joint tutor in the College with Dr. Clavering, late bifhop of Peterborough, and in poifeHion of a tranfeript of the original Saxon made by Junius, to which he hath not only added the Latin verfion beforemen- tioned, but alfo'man-y excellent notes. He ftyles it " the firfl fruits " of his labours in the Saxon tongue," ■ In L ' ratura et Antiquitate Septentrionali prseclare eruditus Willielmus Eftob Collegii .Univerliutis apud Oxomenfes focius dignifiimus. Hickefius, in Diflert. tpifl. p. y#. Mr. OF THE TEXTUS ROFFENSIS. Mr. Elitob was author of l An Eflay on the great affinity and 6 mutual agreement of the two profeffions of Divinity and Law, ' and on the joint intereft of Church and State, in vindication of ' the Clergy's concerning themfelves in Political Matters.' Lond. 92 pages 8 vo. To this, his friend Dr. Hickes wrote a Preface of two pages ', on which occafion I may be allowed to ob- ferve, that he maintained an intimacy and correfpondence alfb with the learned Mr. Humphrey Wanley 2 , was well known to Dr. John Batteley, archdeacon of Canterbury, and to Sir Andrew Fountaine, whoj reciting the names of thofe that had furnifhed him with Saxon coins for his tables, fpeaks of Mr. Elltob in the following terms: ; Nee non reverendus magilter Elitob, qui pro * eximia fua humanitate mihi communicavit Jconas nummorum, * quos ipfe habef Saxonicorum et quidem rariflimorum ; atque ' etiam copiam mihi fecit nummorum, quos pbflidet reverendus i C. (lege J.) Batteley archidiaconus Cantuarieniis ; fed dolendum * eit, hofce omnes ad me haud prius delatos efle, quam exculptce, ♦fuerint tabuke ; nee interim hcere eofdem commode tabulis in- 4 ferere ; cum fuerint omnes. nummi regis Ethelredi, modo unum ' excipias qui erat Ethelftani, et quatuor qui erant Edmundi 3 .' To the above learned authors and antiquaries, I may add the great lawyers, John Fortefcue Aland, Efq; and lord chief juftice Parker 4 . As to Mr. Strype, Ml Elftob feems to have cultivated an. 1 Thorefby, Ducat Leod. p. 129. and the MS. Life by Mrs. Eftob. Kence he. fays to lord chief juftice Parker in the letter above-mentioned: ' Your lordfhip's ' kind opinion of the re I peel I have for the Englifh laws will, I hope, make thisv ^addrefs at leaft not impertinent.' Indeed his fentiments on this head are moft evident from his delign hereafter to be mentioned, of publifhing a new edition of* the Saxsr, Laws. 1 He r < s Mr. Wanley in the MS. Orofius mentioned below, Amicus vjlsr per-- bumanus dofiijfimufque* This is extremely natural, as Wanky had been a ftudent in Univerfity College. See Hickes Thef. III. p. 90. 3 Sir Andrew Fountaine, in Differt. epiftol. piasmiff. tabulis nurrm. Sax. p. 166. 4 He begins the letter to lord chief juftice Parker thus: ' Your lordfhip was 1 pleaied to do me a great deal of honour when I was permitted to wait upon you 1 with . l6 : . -:AL, ACCOUNT an early acquaintance witbj him.:. He communicated to Mr. Db a copy of an L I opinio of llogcr Ailham's ', and Elfl . Jo: Before Mr. Ehtob left Oxford, he printed a neat edition of the celebrated Roger Afghani's E nifties ; to which he fub.qined • letters of John Storming Hierom Oforius, and others, to A fc h 3 m and oth e r E n g liih g en 1 1 e m e n , O x f or d , i 7 o 3 , 8 vo . .He dedicates it to Robert Heath, Eiq; his familiar friend, to. whom he had been affiftant in his ftudies 3 . Soon after he was fettled in his benefice at London, he pub- hihed ' A Sermon upon the Thankfgiving for the Victory ob- i tained by her Majefty's forces, snd thofe of her allies, over 1 the French and Bavarians near Hochitet, under the conduct < of his Grace the Duke of Marlborough. London, 1704.' The text was Pf. cm. 10. Alio, ' A Sermon on the Anniverfary Thankfgiving. for her Majefty's * happy Acceffion to the Throne. London, 1704.' The text I Tim. ii. i, 2. Sir John Cheke mandated Plutarch's book on Superftition into Latin, and premifed a Difcourfe of his own upon that fubject in the Latin tongue. A calfrated copy of this Difcourfe, after it had lain long in obfeurity, was difcovered by .Mr. Elffob in the Library of Univerfity College ; and he, as Mr. Strype tells us, not only courteoufly tranferibed it for his ufe, bat alio volun- tarily took the pains of tranflating it into Ergliih 4 . The verficn ' with Mr. Fortefcue ; the learned converfation, and kind treatment, and generous * promifes of favour, by which you then made me your lordfhip's debtor, call for ' my largeft acknowledgment?, Sec' 1 Elftotrs edition of Afcham's Epifl'es, p. 379. z See below. 3 See the Dedication. ; Advertilement prefixed to Scrype's Life of Sir John Chtke. is OF THE TEXTUS R OFF EN SIS. 17 is accordingly printed at the end of Strype's Life of Sir John Cheke, London, 1705, 8vo... There is a particular concerning this piece of Cheke's, which is well worth noting ; feveral pages, believed to contain the arguments of the author .againft the various fuperilitions of the Church of Rome, are wanting ii the original ; and Mr. Elftob,. who always entertained a thorough deteltation of the Popifh; innovations in religion, fuppofes, with reafon, that thofe fheets were furreptitioufly taken out of the work by the famous Obadiah Walker, when he was mafter of Univerfity College, and had power over the MS. in the reign of king James II. The Papilts, as he obferves, being remarkable for their clean conveyances that way '. In 1709, his Latin verfion of the Saxon Homily on St. Gregory's Day, which he prefented to his learned filler in a fhort Latin epiftle, was printed at the end of her fine edition of the Saxon original. ' Mr. Elftob has publiihed %' they are the words of Mr. Bal- lard, * the larger devotions which the Saxons made ufe of at * that time in their own language, which from probable con- ' jeclures he fancies was the performance either of iElfric arch* ' bilhop of Canterbury, or of Wolffian archbifhop of York 3 . ' And to fhew the world that they did not contain any thing but ' what is pure and orthodox, he has obliged the public with a * faithful tranilation of them V We are informed by his accomplished filler, that Mr. Elftob had made a collection of materials towards a hiftory of his na- tive place ; that he had collected a vaft number of proper 1 Elftob's Letter to Strype, in Strype's Life of Cheke, where by Ob. is meant Obadiah Walker, as is evident from p. 275. 1 At the end of the firft volume of Dr. Hickes's Letters which paffed between him and a Popifh prieft. London, 17 15, 8vo. 3 See Mr. Elftob's Letter to Dr. Hickes, prefixed to the Devotions. 4 Mr. Ballard's MS. Preface to Orofius, mentioned above. D names ,8 AN HISTORICAL ACCOUNT names of men and women formerly ufed in northern countries ; and that he likewife wrote an EfTay concerning the Latin tongue, with a fhort account of its hiftory and ufe, for the encourage- ment of facto adult perfons to fet upon the learning of it, who have either neglected, or been frightened from receiving the benefit of that kind of education in their infancy; to which is added, fome advice for the molt eafy and ipeedy attainment of it. What is become of the two collections above-mentioned, is uncertain, and not very material ; but as Mr. Elitob was a molt excellent Latiniit, his obfervations on that language muft have been highly acceptable to the public, and one has r.eafon to regret the lofs of them. But the moft confiderable of Mr. Elftob's defigns, was an edition of the Saxon Laws, of which Mr. Ballard writes thus: ' Mr. *■ Elftob .had fpent much time and pains in preparing for the * prefs a very valuable edition of all the Saxon Laws, both in * print and manufcriprs, of which learned performance, there is ' a great character given both by Dr. Hickes in his dedication 4 prefixed to his firft volume of Sermons, and by John Fortefcue * Aland, efq;. in his preface to the book of abfolute and unlimited • v Monarchy. But as .the proposals for that work are fallen intd * my hands; and as they will give a mOre perfect idea of the f performance, I will here add a tranfcript of them. ' Propofals in order to a new edition of the Saxon Laws.. 1 I. That thofe Laws which Mr. Lambarde and Mr. Whelock. *■ publifhed, be published again more correctly. .' ' IT. That the Law T s of king Etheberht, with thofe of Edric 4 and Hlotharius, and whatever elfe of that kind is to be met * with, either in the T'extus Rqff'enjis, or in any other ancient MSSi * judged proper to be inferted,. be alio added. 1 Read limited. * III. That OF. THE TEXTUS ROFFENSIS. *9 ' III. That that of J. Bfompton, and the moft ancient Tranf- * lations, be coniidered and compared, and, if. thought conve- ' nient, be likewife printed. . . ' IV. That an entire new Latin tranflation be added of Mr. ' Somner's. * V. That fuch various readings, references, and annotations ' of learned men, viz. Spelman, Selden, Junius, D'Ewes, Laet, * Hick.es, &c. be adjoined, as (hall ferve to illuftratc the work ; * with what other obfervations occur to the editor, untouched by * thefe learned men. 1 VI. A general preface, giving an account of the original * and progrefs of the Englilh Laws to the Norman Conqueft, * and thence to Magna Charta. * VII. That there be particular prefaces, giving fo far an * account of the feveral kings, as concerned their making Laws, j * VIII. An addition of proper gloffaries and indexes V The death of Mr. Elftob prevented, as Mr. Ballard fays, the publication of this ufeful performance, concerning which, fee Mr. Thorefby's Ducatus Leod. p. 129. and Dr. Wilkins's Prsef. ad Leges Sax. But this is the lefs to be lamented, as the learned Dr. David Wilkins, prebendary of Canterbury, has fince obliged the world with a work of the fame kind, as will be mentioned hereafter ; and yet I think Mr. Elftob's defign promifed to be more copious and large than the Doctor's, efpecially in refpect of annotation and elucidation. He was prevented alfo by death in another project, which was to give us king Alfred's paraph radical Saxon verfion of the Latin Hiftorian Orofius. Notice of this intention we have from Dr. Hickes, who, fpeaking of Mr. Elftob, fays, * /Elfredi R. * qui collegium fundarit, verfionem Orofii libri hiftoriarum, qui • 1 Mr. Ballard's MS. Preface ciced above. D % « et jo AN HISTORICAL ACCOUNT ' et Ormefta j dicitur, Deo fofpitante, literario orbi aliquando ' etiam daturus V Our author had proceeded fo far in this work as to make a fair copy of it with his own hand in the Bodleian Library, anno 1698, when he was very young, from a tran- fcript of J unius's taken from a MS. in the Cotton Library, Ti- berius JB. 1. Dr. Marmal afterwards collated Junius's tranfcript with the MS. in the Lauderdale Library, which had formerly belonged to Dr. Dee ; and Mr. Elftob's copy is collated with the MS. in the Cotton Library, and there is alio mention in the faid copy of the Hatton MS. But this work, though it had been fo ; long and fo well prepared 3 , was never put to the prefs, but came into the hands of Mr. Jofeph Ames, at whofe auction I bought it. Here it may be pertinent to ruote, that Mr. George Ballard, of Campden, in Gloucefterfhire, made another copy from Junius's MS. A. D. 175 1, in 4to. and prefixed a large' preface, mewing the ufe and advantages of the Anglo-Saxon literature- This volume, which is very fairly written. Mr. Ballard bequeathed by will to Dr. Charles Lyttelton, Bimop of Carlifle, then Dean of Exeter, to whom the copy is addreffed, and his lordlhip was fo condescending as to favour me with rhe perufal of it, and I have drawn confiderable helps from the ' This word is thought to be a corruption of de mljma mundi. See Profeffor Haver- ■uun'p's Preface to his edition ; but rather perhaps- of orhis vii/tria, written abbreviately in the old exemplar, whense the MSS. in being were taken. .Or. mifia, and milread . by the copyers Orvtefta. 1 Hickefii DiiTert. Epift. ad Barth. Shower, p. 98. 3 Mr. Elftob, (peaking of the method he had ufed in tranflating the Saxcn Komvly abovementioned, lays, he had done it, ' iildem fere verbis repofitis qua? in ' Saxonica olim transfufa, vel ex Turonenfi Grcgorioj vel tuo, vel ex Beda noilrate 1 vel utroque Diacono, et Johanne ec Paulo. Eadem plane ra/iotie, qua jam pride/a * Orohjum^ nobii elucubratum Jag.' Epift. ad fororem, prcemiil Lat. verf. Homilia; Saxonies, whence it fnould feem he had added a body of notes upon Orofius in a volume ieparate from the copy he had made of the Saxon verfion, for nothing of this kind appears in the copy. Perhaps they were intended to be tranferibed into the blank leaves at the e;:d of the copy, which, are- numerous. • ■ 3 preface OF THE TEXTUS ROFFENSIS. ti preface relative to Mr. Elftob and his learned fitter, as appears above, and will be further evident in the fequel. Both Dr. Marfhal and Mr. Ballard ' feem to have had it in their intention to publifh the Saxon verfion of Orofius ~ ; but, however that was, the cafe is clear in regard to Mr. Elftob, concerning whom Mr. Ballard writes, * It is very certain that the reverend and learned 6 Mr. Elftob tranfcribed it with that view, and accordingly * printed a fpecimen of it, which I have feen ; it bore the fol- 1 lowing title. Hormesta Pauli Orosii quam olim patrio fer- 6 tnone donavit ^Elfredus magntjs, Anglo Saxonum Rex 1 docliffimus, ad exemplar Junianum defcriptam edidit Willi- ' elm us Elstob, A. M. et Coil. Univ. Socius. Oxonice, e l!beatro> 1 Sbeldoniano A. D. mdcic' Mr. Elftob was particularly ufeful to his filler, in the great advances (lie made in literature, as likewife in her publications. This fhe teftifies, both in her preface to the edition of the Saxon Homilv, and in the MS. Life of her brother. But concerning: her, I muft now fubjoin fome few Memoirs, and the rather, be- caufe, as fhe was living when Mr. Ballard published his Memoirs of the learned Ladies of Great Britain, anno 1752, there is no account of her in that work. Mr. Ballard other wife was well acquainted with her, correfponded with her, and had the higheft cfteem for her on account of her uncommon learning and ac- complifhments, and doubtlefs would have done all proper honour to her memory on that occafion. She was born in the parilh of St. Nicholas, in Newcaftle upon Tyne, September 29, 1683, ib that fhe was ten years younger than her brother. Her mother, who was a great admirer of learning, efpecially in her own fex, obferved the particular fondf ' See Mr. Ballard's Pref. p. 47. 1 With which the learned world were favoured in 1773, by the Hon. Dairies Bar- rington. See Ballard's Preface, and alfo Wanley's Catalogue of Saxon MSS. p. 85.. and Mrs. Elitob's Preface to Homily on St. Gregory's Day,, p. 6.. nei3 2Z AN HISTORICAL ACCOUNT nefs which her daughter had for books, and omitted nothing that might tend to her improvement ib long as fhe lived ; but alas ! fhe was fo unfortunate as to lofe her mother when fhe was about eight years of age, and had but juft gone through her. Ac- cidence and Grammar. A (top was now put to her progrefs for a time, through a vulgar mittaken notion of her guardian, that one Tongue was enough for a woman. However, the force of na- tural inclination ftill carried her to improve her mind in the beft manner me could, and as her propenfity was ltrong towards lan- guages, fhe with much difficulty obtained leave to learn the French tongue. But her fituation in this refpect was happily much altered when fhe went to live with her brother, who, being imprefTed with more liberal fentiments concerning the education of women, very joyfully affiited and encouraged her in her ftudies for the whole time he lived. Under his eye, fhe tranflated and publifhed an Effay on G/ory, written in French by the cele- brated Mademoifclle de Scudery. But what characterizes Mrs. Elftob moft, flie, as fhe intimates in her Dedication to the Saxon Homily, was the firft Englifh woman that had ever attempted that ancient and obfolete language, and I fuppofe is alfo the laft. But fhe was an excellent linguift in other refpects, being not only miftrefs of her own and the Latin tongue ', but alfo of feven other languages. And fhe owed all her fkill in the learned tongues, except what may be afcribed to her own diligence and appli- cation, to her brother. She was withal a good antiquary and divine, as appears evidently from her works, which I muft now recite. She publifhed an Englifh-Saxon Homily on the Birth-day, that is, the Death-day, of St. Gregory, anciently ufed in the Englifh- Baxon church, giving an account of the converfion of the Englifh ' Epift. Fratris ad earn citat. fupra. from OF THE TEXTUS ROFFENSIS, 33 from Paganifm to Chriftianity, tranflated into modern Englifh, with notes, &x. London, 1709. It is a pompous book, in large o<5tavo, with a fine frontifpiece, headpieces, tailpieces, and blooming letters. She dedicates her work, which was printed by fubfcription, to queen Anne. Mr. Thorefby, in the Ducatus Leod. p. 129,. gives notice of this intended publication ', and there ftyles her the jujlly cekbrated Saxon 'Nymph. Her preface, which is indeed an excellent and learned performance, was par- ticularly ferviceable to Mr. Ballard,, who has made good ufe of it, in evincing the advantages of the Anglo-Saxon literature, and ingenuoufly acknowledges it \ A. D. 17 1 5, flie printed { The Rudiments of Grammar for * the Englifh Saxon tongue, firft given in Englifh 3 ; with an 4 Apology for the Study of Northern Antiquities,' 4to. It was intended to be prefented to the princefs Sophia ; but as fhe died before it made its appearance, it is dedicated to the late queen Caroline, then princefs of Wales. The Apology is addreffed to the molt learned Dr. Hickes. The Life of her brother and of herfelf, written at the requeft of Mr. Ballard, have been noticed above ; wherefore I omit them here, only remarking, that it appears from a note of Mr. Ballard's, on the former piece, that fhe had drawn up the pedigree of her family, very curioufly, upon vellum ; fhewing, that, by the ma- ternal fide, the Eljlobs were defcended from the old kings or princes of Wales ; in the middle there was a column, on the top of which ftood king Brockmail, on one fide the paternal, and on the other maternal defcents. It was in the earl of Oxford's 1 Her work was publifhed before Mr. Thorefby's, his Dedication bearing date 17141 but, I prefume, he had' written this palTage, before her book, to which he was a fubfcribeFj was publifhed. ' See his MS. Preface to Orofiu ,; . 3 Dr. flickers labours on the lubject being in Latin,. library. 24 AN HISTORICAL ACCOUNT library. Moreover, me tells us in her own life, that me had taken an exact copy of the Textus Roffenjis upon vellum, < now * in the library of that great and generous encourager of learn- c ing, the late right honourable the earl of Oxford.' My friend Mr. Aftle has now a MS. volume in his collection, chiefly in her hand-writing, but partly in that of her brother, intituled, Col- lectanea qiiccdam Anglo-Saxonica, e Codd. MSS. hinc hide congejla. And in this original Textus Roffenjis there is the Saxon alphabet on the reverie of the fecond folio ligned E. E. which I prefume muft be her name. It appears alfo from a word of her brother's, that fhe had joined with him in preparing and adorning an edition of Gregory's Paftoral ' ; a work which, I imagine, was intended to include both the original, and the Saxon verfion of it. And me in- forms us herlelf, in her Life, that * fhe had tranfcribed all the * Hymns from an ancient MS. belonging to the church of * Sarum.' In the Preface to the Anglo-Saxon Grammar, p. 1 T. fhe fpeaks of a work of a larger extent, in which fhe was engaged, and which had amply experienced Dr. Hickes's encouragement. This was a Saxon Homilarium, or a collection of the Englifh Saxon Homilies of yElfric, archbifhop of Canterbury. It was a noble though unfuccesful enterprize, and indeed her raoft capital un- dertaking. Mr. Ballard gives the following account of it. * Dr. * Hickes, well knowing the great ufe which thole Homilies had ' been of, and ftill might be, to the church of England, defigned * to publiih, among other Saxon tracts, a volume of Saxon * Homilies. Bat then he tells us \ that though for want of * further encouragement he could not carry on any one of thofe Epifl.. Fratris ad earn fupra laudata. Hickes's Dedication to the firil volume of his Sermons. * defigns, OF THE TEXT US ROFFENSIS. 2 S i defigns, yet it was no fmall pleafure to him, to fee one of the * molt confiderable of them attempted, with fo much fuccefs, ' by Mrs. Elizabeth Elftob, " who," adds he, " with incredible " induftry hath furnifhed a Saxon Homilarium, or a Collection " of the Englifh-Saxon Homilies of Alfric, archbifhop of Can» " terbury, which fhe hath tranflated, and adorned with learned U and ufeful notes ', and for the printing of which me hath " publifhed propofals ; and I cannot but wifh that for her own " fake, as well as for the advancement of the Septentrional learn- " ing, tmd for the honour of our Englifh-Saxon anceftors, the " fervice of the Church of England, the credit of our country, " and the honour of her fex, that learned and mofl fludious " gentlewoman may find fuch encouragement as fhe and her " great undertaking deferve." This work was begun printing 1 in a very pompous folio at the theatre in Oxon (and five or * more of the Homilies were wrought off in a very beautiful 6 manner), and was to have born the following title. The Engli/h 1 Saxon Homilies of ^Elfric, archbi/hop of Canterbury, who 1 fouriJJ:ed in the latter end of the tenth century, and the beginning * of the eleventh. Being a Courfe of Sermons collected out of the 1 Writings of the ancient Latin Fathers ', containing the Doclrines, 1 &c. of the Church of England before the Norman Conquejl, ' and Jbewing its purity from many of thofe Popifh innovations and 4 corruptions which were afterwards introduced into the Church. 1 Now firjl printed and tranfiatcd into the language of the fref , 6 times, by Elirabeth Elstob V This elogium of Mrs. Elftob, and her undertaking, by {o great a man, and a perfon i'o well verfed in the fubject as Dr. Hickes, redounds infinitely to the lady's honour ; the defign, however, though fo profperoufly begun, and even fo far advanced, proved 1 And, as fhe mentions in her own Life, had added the various readings. 2 Ballard's MS. Preface to Orofius, perres' Epifc. Cavleol. E abortive . Z 6 AN HISTORICAL ACCOUNT abortive, for the work was never publifhed, for want, I imagine- of encouragement ; what is become of the MS. 1 have not at : prefent learned. But this excellent woman, her profound learning, and mas- culine abilities notwithstanding, was very unfortunate in life. After the death of her brother, and the ill fuccefs of her ftudies, fhe was obliged to depend upon her friends for fubfirtence, but did not meet with that generality fhe might reafonably expect ;- bifhop Smalridge being the only perfon from whom fhe received any relief. After being fupported by his friendly hand for a while, fhe at laft could not bear the thoughts of continuing a burthen to one who was not very opulent himfelf ; and being mocked with the cold refpect of fome, and the haughty fcorn of others, 7 fhe determined to retire to a place unknown, and to- try to get her bread by teaching children to read and work, and' me fettled for that purpofe at Evefham in Worcefterfhire. At Evefham fhe led at firft but an uncomfortable and penurious life ; but growing acquainted afterwards! with the gentry of the town, her affairs mended, but ftill fhe fcarce had time to eat, much lefs for ftudy \ She became known after this to Mr.. Ballard % whom I have fo often mentioned; and about the year 1733; 1 Her own account of her fituation at Evefham goes thus : ' I had feveral other ' defigns, but was unhappily hindered by a necefiity of getting my bread, which, ' with much difficulty, labour, and ill health, I have endeavoured to do for many ' years, with very indifferent fuccefs. If it had not been that Almighty God was. ' gracioufly pleafed to raife me up lately fome gracious and good friends, I could ' not have fubiiifed ; to whom I always was, and will, by the grace of God, be 1 moll grateful.' MS. Life. 1 Ballard's Memoirs, p. 249. This Mr. Ballard was a raoft extraordinary perfon: he was bred in low life, a woman's taylor, at Campden, in Glcuceflerfhire, but having a turn for letters, and in particular towards the Saxon learning, he became acquainted, from a fimilarity of iludy with Mrs. Elilob, after fhe was fettled at Evefham. By the affiftance of the Rev. Mr. Talbot, vicar of Kcintoh, in War- wickfnire, and a recommendation to the Prefident of Magdalen College, Oxon, he removed s OP THE TEXTUS ROFI'ENSIS. 27 x 733> one Mrs. Capon, the wife of a clergyman of French ex- traction, who kept a private boarding fchool at Stanton, in Glou- cefterfhire, and was herfelf a perfon of literature, enquired of him after her, and being informed of the place of her abode made her a vifit. Mrs. Capon, not being in circumftances to afiift her herfelf, wrote a circular letter to her friends, in order to promote a fubfcription in her behalf. This letter, which was extremely well written, defcribing her merit, her extenfive learn- ing, her printed works, her eafe and affluence till her brother's death, her multiplied diltrefTes afterwards, and the meeknefs and patience with which me bore them, had the deiired effect, and an annuity of twenty guineas was railed for her. This enabled her to keep an affiftant, by which means fhe could again taite of that food of the mind, from which fhe had been fo long- obliged to faft. A lady, foon after, fhewed Mrs. Capon's letter to queen Caroline, who, recollecting her name % and delighted with the opportunity of taking fuch eminent merit into her protecf ion, faid, fhe would allow her twenty pounds per annum ; but, adds fhe, as fhe is fo proper to be miftrefs of a boarding fchool for young ladies of a higher rank, I will, inftead of an annual allowance, fend her one hundred pounds now, and repeat the fame at the end of every five yeara. On the death of queen Caroline, anno 1737, a molt unlucky event in appearance for poor Mrs. Elftob, flie was feaibnably recommended to the prefent dutchefs dowager of Portland ; and her grace, to whofe father, the earl of Oxford, fhe had been well known, was pleafed of her goodnefs to appoint her governefs to her children ; this was removed to that Univerfity. The PreHdent appointed him one of the eight clerks of his college, which furnifhed him with chambers and commons ; and thus being a Gremidl, he was. afterwards elected, by the procurement of the l'refident, one of the Beadles of the Univerfny. See more of bim in the Anecdotes of Bowyer, pp. l-o. 500. 1 On account of the Dedication beforementior.ed. E 2 in 2 8 AN HISTORICAL ACCOUNT in the year 1739; and from this period, the letters fne wrote to Mr. Ballard, which are now in the Bodleian Library, are ob- served to have a more Sprightly turn, and me feems to have been exceedingly happy in her Situation. To he Short, (lie died in an advanced age, in her Grace's Service, May 30, 1756, and was buried at St. Margaret's, Weilminfter. I am obliged to my much efteemed friend, Mr. Thomas Seward, residentiary of Lichfield, for the above very particular account of the latter part of Mrs. Elftob's life; and as this gentleman knew both her and Mrs. Capon perfonally, and was one of the Subscribers above- mentioned, the narrative may be depended upon \ I proceed now to Speak of the remaining publications of the Textus Roffenfis : Dr. Harris's Hiitory of Kent was publifhed, anno 17 19, as was mentioned. He has printed Several extracts from the "Textus, as has been already noted, but always gives the Saxon in the common type ; I think nothing appears here, but what had been already publifhed, except that p. 32. he gives us the Arabick nu- meral characters from it, as they appear on the top of each leaf, or each other page, which he SuppoSes to be of the fame age with the book itSelf, which might be finished, as he conjectures, about anno 1 1 20 \ This I think to be a point very doubtful, Since the numerals that appear in the book, where they are often applied, are always Roman, a Strong prefumption, that theSe characters on the top of the leaves have been added Since. How- ever, the Doctor has added thefe numeral characters to Mrs. Elftob's alphabet on the reverSe of the fecond folio in the original, in his own hand-writing, with this note : This Jhews thefe Arabic characters to have been ufed here about the year 1 1 1 5, when Er- nulfus was confecrated 3 . 1 Some farther particulars both of Mrs. Elftob and her brother may be feen in the Anecdotes of Bowyer, pp. i-i-. 48. 110. ;i6. 498. 502. 528. * See what has been laid above on thia fubject. i See what has been Said upon this. 6 I have OF THE TEXTUS ROFFENSIS. 29 I have heard that a bad accident happened to our MS. at this time, which endangered the entire lofs of it. Being carried by water from Rochefter to London, and back again, the book by iome means or other fell in its return into the water, but was happily recovered, and without much damage ' ; for when I faw it, about the year 174?, by the favour of the late archbifhop Herring, who was then bifhop of Bangor and dean of Rochefter, it was in a very good condition, being a fmall quarto on vellum, bound in red \ The book has been in perils both by land and water, and I prefume this laft efcape will prove a fufficient warn- ing to the dean and chapter, not to fuffer it to go any more out of their cuftody. Upon the return of the book to its abode at Rochefter, the learned Mr. John Johnfon 3 , rector of Cranbrook, in Kent, had recourfe to it; thefe are his words: ' Since my tranflation of 1 thofe Laws (of Wihfred king of Kent) was printed off, I was * informed that this Text us was reftored to its place of reiidence, * and I had the favour of perilling it ; but 1 found no variation * of moment, but what Mr. Somner had taken notice of in his * written notes ; yet, by infpecling the original, I was able to * diftinguifh between Mr. Somner's conjectural emendations, and ' thofe which he made from the text itfelf V Mr. Johnfon's Col- lection of Laws, Sec. came out, anno 1720, in 2 vols. 8vo. A. D. 1720, Mr. Hearne, the famous Oxford Antiquary, pub- lifhed Sir Edward Dering's tranfeript in 8vo. by fubfeription, at 5s. for the fmall, and 10s. for the large paper. The tranfeript had lain in the library at Surenden-Dering, from A. D. 1632, 1 ' The MS. itfelf,' fays Mr. Johnfon, who faw it after this difafter, ' is in a very ' fair hand, and well preierved, lave where it is tarnifoed by the fait -water it took * in its late travels.' Pref. to Collection of Laws, &c. p. iv. 1 It has been new bound fince Dr. Harris uled it, probably after its recovery from the deep. 3 Of whom a particular account will he annexed to this Differtation. Johnfon's Preface to his Collection of Laws, &c. p. iii. and go AN HISTORICAL ACCOUNT and from thence the late John Anltis, Efq. Garter King at Arms, my very worthy friend, borrowed it for Mr. Hearne of the late Sir Edward Dering, a gentleman for whom I (hall always profefs the higheft eiteem. The MS. does not now appear in the li- brary, having never been returned by theie gentlemen ; this, however, is not a thing of much confequence ; fince the firft Baronet always intended his MS. for publication, and as it is now printed, and we can perfectly rely upon this editor for the accuracy of his performance '.. Mr. Hearne had both Sir Ed- ward Dering's leave for the publication, and that of the late Bi.Ihop Atterbury, which laft was procured for him by Mr. Anitis. The editor has not printed the whole of Sir Edward Dering's tranfeript, for he has omitted fome things, either already pub- lished, or that might be publifhed by others, confining -himfelf chiefly to fuch matters as might relate ad rem diplomaticam \ Thus, for example, he has omitted the Judicia Civitatis Lundonia^ becaufe they are almoft all extant in Brompton, and were in- tended to be inferted by Dr. Wilkins in his edition of the Legg. Anglo-Saxon. It is a miftake, therefore, in Bifhop Tanner, to fay, that the whole Textus Roffenfis was printed by Mr. Hearne 3 . There were fome additions made by Sir Edward in the margin of his tranfeript ; concerning thefe, the editor tells us, left they mould be thought an objection to the authority of the copy, ' Exfcrip- ' torem fuiflfe virum eruditiffimum, ipfique nulla privati emo- ' lumenti fpe f trifle decretum annotationes paullo prolixiores ac * nberiores in regiftrum hoc fcribere 4 .' But we do not find that Sir Edward made any great advances in the defign of a com- mentary; Mr. Hearne goes on, * Adeo ut notulae marginales The instrument which the accurate Sir William Blackflone has given us, p. iv. of his Introdu&ion to his fuperb edition of Magna Charta, &c. is copied from r.e's edition. 2 Hearne's Pra^f. p. vii. 3 Tanner's Eiblioth. p. 265, 4 Hearne's Prsf. p. xjii. '■' (e quarum OF THE TEXT US ROFFENSIS. 3* * (e quarum fane numero flint tlypei cum erucibus decuiTatis), ' lineeeque fub aliquibus vocibus in textu du&ee, funt exfcriptoris ; 4 quas omnes ideo adjungendas cenfuimus, nc eruditorum quif- 4 quam fidem noftram iufpectam haberer, &c.' As to thefe fliields cum crucibus decuffatis, they are the arms of Sir Edward Dering, which Mr. Hearne feems not to be aware of; for the coat of this family is O. a faltire S. and the fliields are always put againft thofe places where mention is made of the name of Dering, or of perfons that might probably belong to his family, and in order to infinuate the fame : fee pp. 184, 185. 192. 20a. 218. 235. I would further note, that the transcript, procured by the Elftobs, contains fomething more than this of Sir Edward. There you have the genealogies printed by Dr. Gale ; the names of the popes and emperors, the bifhops of Jerufalem, the bifhops of Alexandria, the bifhops of Antioeh, the archbifhops of Canter- bury, the bifhops of Rochefler, printed by Mr. Wharton, and the bifhops of the feveral fees in England. That chafm in. Hearne, p. 127, is fupplied, as likewife are all the other chafms ; a large Saxon inurnment beginning pa7>a re bijxop ga'Spme, &c. occurs alfo in Elftob's tranfcript ; and the catalogue of books, which is fo fnort in Hearne, p. 234, extends here to many pages. My late good friend the very worthy and learned Dr. John Denne, archdeacon of Rochefler, has been at the pains of col- lating his copy of Mr. Hearne's edition with the original MS. throughout. He has noted where every leaf of the original begins, the true readings of the MS. in feveral places, an omiflion here and there, and has tranfcribed the marginal additions that appear in the original by feveral later hands, as Mr. Lambard, Sir Edward Dering, Sec. The Dodor. has moreover noted with the utmoft care and diligence in what other MSS. the feveral inftruments treafured up in this chartulary are alfo to be found, as- $1 AN HISTORICAL ACCOUNT, k as in the Regijlrum Temp. Roff. and the Cotton Library, which makes his book of greatly more value than the naked edition of Mr. Hearne. The Doctor was afterwards pleaied to give me leave to tranferibe into my copy all the annotations here mentioned, together with the references as above, which I got done by a very careful hand, the Rev. Mr. Richard Hufband, minor canon of Rochefter, my refpectable friend. A. D. 17 2 1, Dr. Wilkins's edition of the Anglo-Saxon Laws came out in folio. He has compared the Laws of Ethelbert, Hlothere, and Eadric, with our MS. and fupplied the defects and chafms in De Laet's verfion ; what other ufe he has made of the original, may be feen in his Preface. A. D. 1737. This gentleman publifhed Concilia Magna Bri- tannia, Sec. in 4 volumes, folio; and in the firft volume are many articles from Spelman's former edition, compared with the Textus, and chiefly, as I think, by Mr. Somner, as may be collected from the Doctor's Preface, p- hi. compared with Bifhop Kennet's Life of Somner, p. 89. COROLLARY. The Textus Rojenfis is doubtlefs in very fafe and good hands ; but it", by any accident, an unexpected misfortune mould now happen to it, iufficient care has been taken to perpetuate it, by the feveral publications above-mentioned; the tranferipts ' made by the Elifobs, and the collation made by Dr. Denne, of which la it there are at prefent two copies. However, whereas Dr. Wil- kins fays, ' Maxime venerandum hoc monumentum antiquitatis ' in fummum reipublicae literarice commodum typis expreffum * extat 2 ;' this is not ftrictly true, fome parts of the MS. having not been yet printed; but they are neverthelefs fecured by the tranferipts. Samuel Pegge. 1 I exprefs it plurally, on account of Mrs. Elftob's own tranflript on vellum, Tncmionui above. * Dr. Wilkin-s, Prjef. ad Tanner's Biblioth. p. xliv. Bio- [ .3.3 3 Biographical Anecdotes of Mr. J O II N S O N. JOHN JOHNSON, the celebrated author of a lingular ** doclrine concerning the Eucharift, was the fon of Mr. Thomas Johnfon, vicar of Frindfbury, in Kent, by Mary his wife, daughter of the rev. Mr. Francis Drayton, rector of Little Chart, in the fame county. He was born December 30, 1662 ; and his father dying when he was fcarcely four years old, and his mother re- tiring to the country, he was put to the king's fchool there, under Mr. Lovejoy, and at little more than 1 5 years old admitted of Magdalen College, Cambridge, 167-I. He proceeded B. A. l68j; and was foon after nominated, by the dean and chapter of Canterbury, to one of archbilhop Parker's fcholarlhips in Corpus Chrifti or Bene't College in the fame univerfity, where he took the degree of M. A. 1685. Soon after, he entered into deacon's orders, and became curate to Mr. Thomas Hondras, at Hardres near Canterbury, and was ordained prieft by bifhop Sprat, in Henry VIl's chapel, 1686. Archbilhop Sancroft col- lated him to the vicarage of Boughton under Blean, and allowed him to hold by fequeftration the adjoining vicarage or Hernhill, both which churches he fupplied himfelf every Sunday. In 1689 he married Margaret daughter of Thomas Jenkin, gent, of the Hie of Thanet, and filter to the rev. Dr. Robert Jenkin, Mafter of St. John's College, Cambridge, and to the rev. Mr. Henry Jenkin, re&or of Tilney in Norfolk. About this time, one Sale, who had forged letters of orders, and taking advan- F ta g e 3+ BIOGRAPHICAL ANECDOTES tage of the interval between the fufpenfion of archbilhop San- croft, and confecration of archbifhop Tillotfon, to find out the livings held by fequeftration only, had got the broad feal for one for himfelf and another for his father ; Mr. Jenkin took inftitution to Hernhill, and the archbilhop, being then only fuf- pended ab officio and not a beneficio, prefented him to it, to which he was inftituted, 1689, by Dr. Oxenden, vicar-general to the archbilhop, but then to the dean and chapter of Canter- bury, guardians of the fpiritualities during the fufpenfions ; but as the living had been held by fequeftration fo long as to belapfed to the crown, he found it neceffary to take out the broad feal, 1690. In 1697 archbifhop Tenifon prefented him to the vi- carage of St. John's Margate, and of Appledore, on the edge of Romney Marfli, but he chofe to hold the firft. by fequeftration only. Here, for the benefit of educating his two fons, he took, in two or three boarders, the fons of particular friends ; but r finding he could not attend his little fchool and his great curacy,, and his ftudies, in a manner fatisfactory to himfelf, he refigned Margate, and fettled at Appledore, 1703. When his eldeft fori went befoie the age of 15 to the Univerfity, 1705, he difmifTed his boarders, lending his other fon to fchool to qualify him for bivfinefs. But the marfhy air brought on a fevere illnefs on himfelf and family. Fie obtained the vicarage of Cranbrook, of the archb'fhop, J 707, and there he continued to his death,, keeping a curate both there and at Appledore. In the years 1 7 1 o. and 1 7 1 3, he was chofen proctor in convocation for the diocefe- of Canterbury, which introduced him to the acquaintance of the moft eminent clergy of the province. A little before he left Appledore, he printed feveral Tracts, to which he declined put- ting his name till they came to a fecond edition. The firft was a Paraphiafe, with notes, on the Pfalms, according to the tranf- lation in the Common Prayer Book, intituled, u Holy David and. 44 his O F M R. JOHNSON. 3 Q tl his oldEnglifhTranflation cleared, 1706;" he next printed '* Th" "Clergyman's Vade Mecum, 1708," which went through a 5th edition, 17 27 ; the fecond part, 1709, had a third edition. In 17 1 o he wrote and published " Propitiatory Oblations in the holy Eu- " charift truly dated and defended from fcripture, and antiquity, " and the common fervice of the Church of England." He was quickly known to be the author of this book, which being attackt by Dr. Wife of Canterbury, put the author quite out of favour at Lambeth during the reft of archbifhop Tenifon's time. Cut this ferved but to induce him to handle the argument more at large, and prove the Eucharift to be a true and proper facrifice from the authority of fcripture and the teftimony of the antient fathers and liturgies of the firft, fourth, or fifth centuries after Chrift. This he did in " The unbloody facrifice and altar un- " veiled and fupported. In which the nature of the Eucharift " is explained according to the fentiments of the Chriftian < ; church in the four firft centuries, proving that the Eucharift " is a proper material facrifice ; that it is both euchariftic and " propitiatory; that it is to be offered by proper officers; that the " oblation is to be made on a proper altar ; that it is to be con- " fumed by manducation : to which is added, a proof that what " our Saviour fpeaks concerning eating his flefh, and drinking " his blood, in the fixth chapter of St. John's Gofpel, is prin- " cipally meant of the Eucharift. With a prefatory epiffle to " the Lord Bifhop of Norwich, animadverting on Dr. Wife's book, " which he calls the Chriftian Eucharift ftated, and fome H Reflections on a ftitched book, intituled, an Anfwer to the " Exceptions made againft the Lord Bifhop of Oxford's Charge. «' Parti." To this he fet his name. The fecond part was pub- lifhed 1717, with anfwers to a fiefli reply of Dr. Wife; another by Mr. Lewis, his fucceflbr at Margate ; and a third by Mr. Pfatty, a Lutheran Divine, tutor to the prince of Wertcmberg, F 2 who 3 6 B I O GRAPHICAL ANECDOTES who took upon him to be moderator in this controverfy. His next publication was "A Collection of Ecclefiaftical Laws, Canons," &c. in two volumes, 8vo. In 1724, the firft volume of his « Unbloody Sacrifice' was re-printed, with a Reply to Dr. Rymer's "General Reprefentation of Revealed Religion, 1723," and " The Doctrine of the Eucharift flared, 1720;" as alio to the 1 2th of Dr. Clarke's XVil Sermons. His " Privative Communicant," «* Explanation of Daniel's LXX Weeks, a Sermon at Canterbury w fchool-feaft, with a Preface, the wing, that no letters were " before Moies," were published after his deceafe, with his Life, by his friend Mr. Thomas Brett, 1 74H, as weie alio forme other pofthumous pieces. Mr. Johnfon had two ions and three daughters. His eldeil daughter died in her infancy : his youngeft ion foon after he had bound him apprentice to Mr. Knaplock, his bookfeller ; and a few years after, his youngeft daughter died in the prime of life. His eldeil ion was fellow of St. John's College, Cambridge, where he took the degree of Batchelor of Divinity, and was pre fen ted by the Univeriity to the living of Standiih, in the county of Lancailer, worth 500/. per annutn\ but before he had enjoyed it one whole year, he had the misfortune to break his leg, which threw him into a fever, of which he died in a few days, about Chriftmas, 1723. Mr. Johnfon could not overcome this fcvere frroke, though he intermitted not his itudies, nor the duties of his office : vet from this time his ilrength vifibly decayed, and lie was . .lictetl with a fhortnefs of breath, which increaled on him till he died, about two years after his fon, Dec. 15, 17 25-, having iuft reached the 63d year of his age. He was buried in the church-yard of Cranbrook, dole to the veilry-wall. Over his grave is erected a handfome altar monument of grey marble, v\ ith this infeription : John John/on, Vicar ; but on the other fide OF MR, JOHNSON. 37 fide of the wall within the veftry is the following infcnption on a mural monument of white marhle. Extra hunc parietem Tub tumulo lapideo requiefcit JOANNES JOHNSON, A. M. per annos cftodecim hujus ecclefia; paftor, morum callitate, ingenii acumine, interioribus & reconditis Uteris ornatiffimus, filius reverendi Thomas Johnlon de Frir.dlbury in diocrefi Rolfenf. vicaris, et Maris; filia reverendi Francifci Drayton Chart Parvje huju; diocaefeos redtoris. Uxorem habuit Margaretam, filiam Thomas Jenkin, in infula de Thanet generofi, de qua quinque iufcepit liberos, quorum quatuor iuperftitit, viz. Margaretas incunabulis mortuar, Thomas Londini iepulto, Alteri Margarets finiflra patris dormienti Joanni S. T. B. de Standifh in comitatu Lancaftrienfi re&ori, Paternas virtutis, ingenii & eruditionis exem[>laii, cujus poll mortem cum fere per biennium asgre fufpiria duxiflet animam Ipei beats immortahtatis plenam Deo reftituit 15 die Decembris, A. D. 1725, aetatis 63. Ecclefias Anglicanas pugil, fchifmatis debellator Occidit — ii plura quasris fcripta mortui verfato. Pientifiima filia Maria Johnlon pol'uit. The following is the character drawn of him by his friend and biographer Dr. Brett. " As no prieit was more careful and diligent to inftruct thofe committed to his care in the knowledge of their duty by his fermons, fo was he no lefs careful to inftruct them by his example 3 8 BIOGRAPHICAL ANECDOTES. example iri a regular Chrifnan life. None was better beloved by his parifliioners, and all who had the happinefs of his ac- quaintance ; and when we confider his learning, and his critical lkill in the languages proper, not to fay neceffary, for a divine, his great and exteniive knowledge of the canons and confti- tutions of the Chriitian Church, and the cuftoms and difcipline in the feveral ages, from the firft planting of the gofpel downward to our own times, and his capacity to teach them, and alfo his exemplary life and converfation, we may as juftly fay of him 'what was faid of the learned Mr. Bingham, in Mill's Journal, January 4, 1 7 1\. ftui patriarchatum in ecclefia meruit parocbus obiit. His converfation was eafy and chearful, and very improv- ing. If any one departed out of his company without learning fomething from him, it was his own fault. He was very diligent in the performing of all parochial duties : he read prayers every morning in his parifh church ; when he was at home, he preached twice every Sunday; frequently inflructed children in the Catechifm ; adminiftered the Holy Eucharift every month ; was diligent in vifiting the fick, or any other that needed his ghoflly advice or prayers ; and, in a word, ufed that faithful diligence which he promifed when he was admitted into the order of priefthood. He was a dutiful fon, a loving hufband, a tender and careful father, an obliging kind friend, and confckntioufly careful to difcharge his duty in every relation." The following anecdote the late Mr. Jones of Wehvyn had from lbme of his parimioners ; which is confirmed by the large baptiilery ftill fubliiling in Cranbrook church. " Mr. Johnfon, when he came to refide at Cranbrook, finding that many of the inhabitants were Anabaptifts, or rather Bapti/ls, as they affec~led to fryle themfelves ; ufed many arguments to perfuade them to con- q " form OF MR. JOHNSON. 39 form to the church. They made a great objection to the practice of Jprinkling in baptifm ; and faid, that the church in a manner excluded them from her communion in refilling to baptize by immerfion. Mr. Johnibn readily allowed the propriety of that practice, according to the original institution ; and, to remove this difficulty, caufed a large baptiftery to be erected in the church. Upon this, moft of the Anabaptifts in his parifh were dipped, Szc. and were received into the church, to which they owned they had no farther objection. And Mr. Johnibn, on his part, afTured them he had no objection to the practice of dipping ; and from that time they lived in perfect harmony to- gether. R. W." He was feniible that the Church of England allowed Immerfion, at the fame time that it allowed alfo Afperfion ; and he well knew that he was at liberty to admit adult perfons into the fellowship of this church by the ceremony of dipping, &c. The women had a grave matron (called a Deaconefs), to attend their baptifm, And all was conducted with great decency.. They had afked him where they mould find room ? He readily anfwered, There is a large chancel at liberty. Thole that came over to the eftablifhed communion, upon his fhewing them this civility and condefcenfion, aiTembled by his direction in the chancel to attend divine fervice ; for feveral of them were unfnpplied with feats in the body of the church. This anecdote entirely removes the uncharitable fuppolition of Mr. Johnfon's Biographer Dr. Brett, who, after faying that he was much loved and highly efteemed by all his parifhioners at Cranbrook who were friends to the Church of England as by law eftablifhed, adds, <{ But as there were many dilTenters of all ' denominations in that place, and fome who, though they fre- Ci quented the church, yet feemed to like DilTenters better than " Church- 40 BIOGRAPHICAL ANECDOTES, &c. " Churchmen, I cannot fay how they loved or cfteemed him, " However, his life and converfation was fuch that even they 11 could find nothing in him to difpleaie them, except his known 11 affection to the Church of England. Some of thefe favourers " of the DifTenters endeavoured to make him uneafy, and to fpirit " up a pai ' in die church againft him ; but failed in their de- " figns : his friends were too many for them." The fucceflbr in that vicarage was not of fo obliging a temper as Mr. Johnfon ; and the Baptiflery is fuffered to run to ruin, or is confiderably impaired. A N E C C 4i 3 ANECDOTES infer ted in the Regijler c/Cranerook, by the Reverend John Johnson, Vicar* " Memorandum. HIS grace William archbifhop of Canterbury did, at the requeft of John Johnfon, Vicar of Cranbrook, administer con- firmation at this place to above thirteen hundred perfons, of which one third at leaft were of this parifh, on Sunday, June 24th, being St. John Baptift's Feaft, anno Domini 1 7 16. There had been no confirmation here in 28 years before, that is, fince the fatal year 1688, when the mod reverend archbifhop San- croft, of pious memory, being difcharged from his cuftody in the Tower, upon a trial in the King's Bench, fent bilhop Levinz (of Man Inf.) to perform the office of Confirmation throughout the diocefe, as he did bifliop Lloyd, of Norwich, fome years before. The fame archbifhop, of his own free motion, again adminiftered confirmation here on Sunday, June 1 1, 1724, to about thirteen hundred perfons, as his chaplain who attended him in the office told me ; yet one of his grace's liverymen, who faid he numbered them, affirmed to me, that they were but twelve hundred." G Some 42 MR. JOHNSON'S EXTRACTS Some account of the Vicars of Cranbrook : 1503. The firft vicar of whom I can get any information, was Richard Wilfon ; I have nothing of him but his name, and that from fome pannels of glafs in the vicarage-houfe in yellow paint, bearing date 1503. 1534. Sir Hugh ap Rice returned a certificate into the Ex- chequer, giving an account of the value of thjjs vicarage,; ujgpjft which certificate this \icarage was taxed according to the rate at which it now nands in the king's books. The copy of the certificate here follows : " Cranbrook, the certificate of Sir Hugh ap Rio • ir, the . Firft, a houfe with in roods of meadow, xins. mid. Item, in manlions worth yearly xins. nnd. Item, one other manfion worth yearly xxd; Item, Privy tithes, certain mills, with other cafual profits, worth yearly xixl. Item, nil offering days v-nl. vis. Item, other cafual profits liiis. unci. Sum%,xxxl. vns. mid. whereof to be deducted for the pariih prieft x 1. Item, for the proxies to the archdeacon, vnsu Item, in quyt rents paid yearly xnnd. Sum deducted x 1. vins. (4c!. ihould have been added-) andib remained de claro xixl. xixs. vid." This was drawn, A. D. 1 534, and fo it ftandeth to this day. This I took from a tranfeript of Mr. John Eiaibn's, who is an officer of the firft fruits and tenths. 1556. The pariih is charged with a debt of 3I. due to Mr. Dr. Hues for books. I fuppofe this doctor being vicar, had pro- cured a new fet of books for the Popiih fervice". That this debt was ever paid does not appear. 1558. FROM CRANBROOK REGISTERS. 43 1558. Richard Fletcher was made vicar here, the firft Pro- tectant predeceffbr that I meet with. He continued, vicar 27 years, and lies buried on the north fide of the church towards the upper end. He let a leale of the tenements belonging to this vicarage for 99 years to come, viz. from 1562 to 1661, and had it con- firmed by the archbilTiop, and the dean and chapter of Canterbury. During all this time the vicar received but 13?. 4d. per annum for them. Mis ion Richard was dean of Peterburgh, when the Queen of Scots was executed at Fotheringay Gaftle, and lb dif- played his loyalty on that occafion, that he foon became bifhop of Briftol ; but not till his father was mil dead, viz. 1589; therefore the monument in our chancel fays not true, when it tells us, the father faw this fon bifhop of Briftol. He was after- ter wards advanced to the fee of Worcester, and from thence to London. There he fell under the queen's difpleafure, and was fufpended ; that he was reftored before his death is not certain » Both he and his brother Gibs, the famous embaffador to the Czar of Mufcovy, made Cranbrook vicarage their nurfery. Here their wives lay ki,. as appears by the regifter. And even after the father's death, fome of his fon Gibs's children zxt buried here. Venner, the famous Puritan, preached here, whether as curate, or (as I rather fuppofe) ledf urer, I know not. This was during the decline of Father Fletcher's life, and the difgrace of archbifhop Grindal. One would wonder, that Richard, after- wards bifhop, did not ufe his intereft with his father (if he brought him hither) or with the Vicar-general, to remove a man of fuch forry notions and fantaftic principles. Mr. Fletch?r died 1585. 1585, Robert Roads, formerly prefident of St. John's College, Cambridge (where he was written) and continued here till 1589. His wife and he were buried in the fame year. G 2 1589, A4 MR, JCHK SON'S EXTRACTS 1580, Wiiiiam Eddy fucceeded, and continued here in low riraamftances till he died, 1616. 1 find no memorial of him, but that he was paid by the church-wardens for tranferibing the regifter fairlv from 1558 into the large old parchment book; and that he had the clerk's wages given him for calling the Pfalro, Sec. Mr. Fletcher and he continued Vicars 58 years; and 1 am perfuaded, that, by thefe two long incumbances, the modus for Vicar's tithe was eftabliihed. 1616, Robert Abbot fucceeded. What relation he bore to the archbifhop of that name, I find not. But he was a man of eminent zeal and piety; and few, I am perfuaded, out-did him in learning and all commendable qualities. He defended the Church aeainft the Browniits. I do not know that any could do it better. I have read his book, and cannot but wonder to find fuch a man here at that time of day. His Sermons, dedicated to the four principal families of the parifh ; viz. Roberts, Baker's, Henly's, and Courthop's, fhew clearly, that he was a much greater man in polemical than in pulpit divinity. His " Young Man's Warning- piece" hath been more read than either of the other. It was published 1635. The reafon of it was, one Rogers, a pracfifing Apothecary, who, from a very pious youth, became a very de- bauched man, and could not be prevailed upon to receive the iacrament at Eaiter, though he was to be excommunicated for that omifhon ; and died foon after in great horrours and terrours. Abbot weathered out here in the worft of times till 7648 '. Then he was by the Rump Committee for Sequeftrations fent to another benefice, which he had long enjoyed together with this. At Smarden there was an Abbor ; but, on comparing circumifances, and confidering Smarden books and ours", I remember ibme years ilnce, I concluded that he of Smarden could not be the fame with, this of Cranbrook. 1 1642:-!^ Walker'-s Sufferings of the Clergy, 183. 6 164S. FROM CRANBROOK REGISTERS, 45 1648. John Williamfon, a ftritft Prefbyterian, was intruded here. The parifhioners engaged to make the vicarage iool. per annum to him. To this end the churchwardens gathered the tithes and offerings, and the parilhioners made up the de- ficiencies ; hut this could not laft long. 1652. William Goodrjck fucceeded him. He made himfelf remarkable by walking in the Market-place with his tithing- hook in his hand, and his inkhorn hanging on his buttons, every Saturday, and dunning his parilhioners as he met them. 1662. John Cowper came in upon the Bartholomew Act, and {0 difmifled Goodrkk, who yet for fome time kept a conventicle here. Cowper was a man of great wit and fine parts, but no ceconomift : he left 4 or 5 children to io many families in this country of the belt quality ; who all accepted their feveral legacies. 1668. Mr. Charles Buck fucceeded ; a gentleman of good for- tune, and who lived here with great hofpitality ; and was re- markable for his long fermons, till about 1694 it was thought necefTary that he mould retire to London, for the cure of his head. From this time forward, Mr. Crowther the fchool-mafter ferved this cure till Mr. Buck died ; viz. February 1706 ; though Mr. Buck returned to the vicarage two or three years before his death." Mr. Johnfon has noticed he could never find out what re- lation his predecefTor Robert Abbot bore to the archbifhop of that name. His grace had an elder brother John, who was bilhop of Salifbury : is it likely that Robert was his fon ' ? Cran- brooke was a vicarage of fmall value to be fo long held by an archbifhop's nephew ; it is plain, however, that he alfo long ' Not from Wood, who only fays that he left one fon or more. Ath. Ox. I. 43 r. The writer of his life in the Biographia Britannica follows Wood. enjoyed 4 6 MR. JOHNSON'S EXTRACTS enjoyed another benefice with this living. It is mentioned in the Biographical Dictionary that bifhop Abbot of Salisbury, who 1 died the latter end of the year 1617, left one fort and one daughter; and that he offended the archbifhop by a fecond mar- riage. Robert was in 1648 removed from Cranbrooke by the. committee for fequeftrations ; the reafon affigned for it was, that he had taken another living, which by his own confeffion was- inconfiftent. So fays Walker % adding, the reader will enquire further whether that be true or not. Having been, as Wood fays, a frequent writer, we fhall fubjoin his account of him. " Robert Abbot was of Cambridge, incorporated of Oxford, July 14, 1607. He was afterwards vicar of Cranbrooke, in Kent,. a fider with the Prefbyterians in the rebellion which began in 1642, was minister of Southwicke in Hampfliire, and at length- of St. Auftin's church in Watling-ftreet near St. Paul's cathedral in London, where, after he had been tumbled and toffcd to and fro, he enjoyed himfelf quietly for fome years in his old age. He hath written and published feveral things, among which are,, 1. Four Sermons, &c. London, 1639, 8vo. dedicated to Walter Curie, bifhop of Winchefter, to whom he had been fervant, and who then, exhibited to his two fons, one at Oxford,, and the other at Cambridge. 2. Tryal of the Church Forfakers, 8cc. on Heb. x. 23. London, 1639. 3. Milk for Babes, or a- Mother's Catechifm for her Children. London, 1646. 4. Three Sermons, printed in the former book. 5. A Chri'irian Family buildcd by God, or -Directions for Go- vernors of Families. London, 1635, at which time the author was two years above the great climacterical year. » Sufferings of the Clergy, p. 1S3. Other FROM CRANBROOK REGISTERS. 47 Other things he hath alfo publifhed (among which is, " Be Thankful, London, and her Sifters,'' a Sermon on Pfalm xxxi. 21 . London, 1626), which for brevity fake I now omit V It appears from Le Neve's Fafti that a John Abbot was collated in 171 2 to the 6th prebendal flail in Canterbury cathedral, and that he was buried Sept. 1, 161 5. Strype, in his Life of ArchbifhopCranmer, p. 441. has obferved, that Cranbrooke was one of the large towns in the diocefe of Canterbury in which that prelate had noticed a learned man ought to be placed with a fufflcient ftipend, At p. 274 of Strype's Life of Archbifliop Parker is a table of the rate of arms pro- poled to be found by the clergy of the diocefe of Canterbury ; .and in this table Cranbrooke is one of the places mentioned, » Athen. Oxon, I, 431. 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