RIO GRANP U/PCTCH :)Beet ualt jCake City an XILLMAN PALACI: SLEEPING CARS PULLMAN ORDINARY OR TOURIST "REE RECLINING CHAIR CARS ^EREECT DINING CAR SERVICE lAGNiriCEMT SCENERY N RAILWAY. Service Gureka and Tffanti. BANCROFT LIBRARY THROUGH TRAINS TO THE EAST DAILY. U. C. DODGE, S. H. BABCOCK, Vice-Pres't and Gen. Mgr. Traffic Manager. GEO. W. HEINTZ, Acting General Passenger Agent. \Y7E pay 4 per cent in- terest per annum, compounded quarterly, on any amount from $t. to thousands. J* j j* J* J* Save your money and when you get a dollar, open an account. ..* j* .* OtTlcm and Directors i LORENZO SNOW, . President CEO. Q. CANNON. Vice-Preii. GEORGE M. CANNON. Cashier Joseph F. Smith T. G. Webber James Jack Anthon M. Lund John T. Calne Angus M. Cannon Heber J. Grant Francis M. Lyman George Reynolds I John Nuttall ZIOjN'S SAVINGS AND TRUST COMPANY 1.3 AND'.S MAIN ST., SALT LAKE CITY. UTAH. OLDtST AMD L/^RGEST SAVINC6 RANK IN THE STATE THIS BOOK is SOLD BY THE PUHLIMHER. WM. A. MORTOX. P. O. Hox 4OO. SALT LAKE CITY. *. PRICE, POSTPArDl SKYTOGEN, S .GO HALF LEATHER, .80 LEATHER. l.(x> BY THEIR FRUITS YE SHALL KNOW THEM." UTAH AND HER PEOPLE. Illustrated. CONTAIN I XI i SKETCH IF OTAM &m O&OIBI&OINO&IKI, mfiiii MomiNe IF UTHJIE LM >3lg or Compiled and Published by William j{. Tf/orton. OEO. y. CANNON & SONS COMPANY, t'RINTKRS, SALT LAKK CITY, UTAH. JBg Oraon JF. lUhltucv. [TAII owes her existence to a religious movement similar in some of its phases to that which peopled the shores of New England with representatives of the Anglo-Saxon race and laid the foundation of the mightiest government of modern times. No complete history of the United States could be written /without some reference to the Pilgrims and Puritans who fled from persecution in the Old World to find religious freedom in the new. No sketch of Utah would be complete, or even possible, without some reference to the Mormons, or, to give them their proper style, the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints; for it was that Church, persecuted in the East and pausing midway in its westward flight from Nauvoo its last foothold within the confines of civiliza- tion that sent forth the Pioneers who founded Utah, and has ever since furnished the bulk of the bone and sinew that has built up the State. Mormonism and Utah are inseparable themes; as much so as any coupling of cause and effect. The founder of the Church was Joseph Smith, a native of Ver- mont, who, as a boy of fourteen, in the forest-fringed districts of Western New York, received visitations from on high, apprising him of the apostate condition of Christendom and authorizing him to establish anew upon earth the true Church of Christ. His first visitation was in the spring of 1820, when the Father and Son appeared to him; opening the new Gospel dispensation. Subsequently .JO.KKIMI KMITII. Tin-: I'll KT. SKETCH OF UTAH AND MORMON1SM. PRESIDENT BRIOIiAM YOUNG. he was visited by an angel named Moroni, who revealed to him the existence of some golden plates, hidden in a hill near the village of Manchester. These plates, temporarily entrusted to him by the' angel, were covered with ancient hieroglyphics, which Joseph Smith, by means of the TJrim and Thummim also delivered to him by the angel translated, and gave to the world as a result the Book of Mormon. It is a record of the ancient inhabitants of America, from the time of the Tower of Babel down to the early part of the fifth century of the Christian era, and is mostly a history of a people called Nephites, a branch of the House of Israel, who, led by Lehi and his son Nephi, of the tribe of Manasseh, and followed by some of the children of Judah, came from Jerusalem about the year 600 B. C. and peopled South and Norlh America. To these descendants of Abraham the Savior appeared, after his resurrection, and taught the fullness of His Gospel, supplementing and preceding the teachings of other prophets, the last of whom was Moroni, afterwards the angel custodian of the golden plates, who, while yet a mortal, about 420 A. D., hid them in the hill from which they were taken by Joseph Smith. This place of deposit was called by the Nephites, Cumorah. The Book of Mormon takes its name from Mormon, the father of Moroni, who recorded upon the plates the history of his people, the white progenitors of the dusky and degenerate American In- dians. Among other angelic visitants connected with the rise of the Latter-day Church, was John the Baptist, .who, on May 15th, 1829, conferred upon Joseph Smith and Oliver Cowdery the Aaronic Priesthood, empowering them to preach faith and repentance and to baptize by immersion for the remission of sins. This was followed SKETCH OF UTAH AND MOHMONISM. by a visitation from the Apostles Peter, James and John, who con- ferred upon Joseph and Oliver the Melchisedek Priesthood, which gave them power to bestow the Holy Ghost by the laying on of hands. Thus equipped, with the Bible and Book of .Mormon as their doctrinal standards, supple- mented by immediate and contin- uous revelation, this twain known as the First and Second Elders of the Church -with others ordained by them, went forth, preaching amid the hottest per- secution the restored Gospel, healing the sick, casting out devils, and otherwise "confirming the word with signs following." Their first converts were made in Western and Southern New York and Northern Pennsylvania. The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints nicknamed "Mormons" for their belief in the Book of Mormon was organized at Fayette, Seneca County, New York, on the 6th of April. 1830. I'KKKIDKNT JOHN TAYM>K. Within a year it moved bodily to Kirtland, Ohio, which became during the next seven years its headquarters. In 1831 it estab- lished a colony in Jackson County, Missouri, the site of the future city of Zion, the New Jerusalem, which the Saints, who are of Israel, mostly of the seed of Ephraim, gathered out from all na- tions, expect to rear in fulfillment of prophecy, preparatory to the second coming of the Savior. Persecution followed them both to Ohio and Missouri. In the fall of 1833 they were expelled with fire and sword from Jackson County, and early in 1838 the main body of the Church, having lost some of its prominent mem- bers by apostasy, abandoned Kirt- land, with the Temple they had built there, " and concentrated, twelve to fifteen thousand strong, in and around Caldwell County. Missouri, where they founded Far West and other flourishing settlements. There trouble again SKETCH OF UTAH AND MORMON1SM. arose, caused by religious and political differences between them and the older settlers, and in the fall and winter succeeding, the Jackson County tragedy was repeated on a larger scale. Under an order issued by Governor Lilburn W. Boggs and executed by Major- General John B. Clark and others, in command of an overwhelming force of militia, the entire Mormon community, after many of them had been killed in battle and in massacre, their leaders imprisoned, their homes devastated, were driven in mid-winter from the confines of the State. Kindly received by the people of Illinois, the expatriated com- munity settled on the east shore of the Mississippi, in Hancock County, where they founded their beautiful city of Nauvoo, surrounded by other Mormon settlements, both in Illinois and Iowa. There they remained for seven years, increasing rapidly by immigration from the Eastern States, Canada . and Great Britain, until they aggregated twenty thousand souls. Religious and political animosity still pur- sued them, and finally, on the 27th of June, 1844, their Prophet. Joseph Smith, and his brother Hyrum, the Patriarch of the Church, who had surrendered for trial on a trumped up charge of treason and riot, were murdered in Carthage jail by an anti-Mormon mob, while under the pledged protection of the Governor of the State. Justice was never done upon the murderers. Under Brigham Young, the successor to Joseph Smith, the Mormon people, in February, 1846, began their famous exodus from Illinois, leaving Nauvoo with its Temple, which had just been dedi- cated, to be pillaged and desecrated by their enemies. From their scattered camps in Iowa and on the Missouri, in the summer of that year, went forth at the call of their country the Mormon Battalion, I I'RKHIIIKXT WII-iFORI) WOODRUFF SKtTCH OF UTAH AND MORMONISM. 500 strong, to assist the United States in its war against Mexico. In the spring of 1847 the Mormon Pioneers (one hundred and forty-three men. three women and two children) led by Brigham Young in person, leaving the main body of their people en- camped upon the frontier, started upon their historic journey to the Rocky Mountains. Traversing the trackless plains and snow-clad mountains lying between the Missouri River and the < Mvat American Desert, on the 24th of July they entered Salt Lake Valley, where, in the midst of desolation, surrounded by savage tribes and suffering untold hardships and pri- vations, they founded Salt Lake City, the metropolis of the Inter- Mountain region; the parent of more than two hundred cities, towns and villages that owe their existence to the Mormon people and their great leader Brigham Young. The residue of the migrat- ing Church followed the 1'ioneers to their new-found home in the wilderness; thenceforth the gathering place of Mormon proselytes from all parts of the world. When the Mormons settled this region it was Mexican soil, a portion of the province of California, which the Mormon Battalion had helped to conquer; but in less than a year after the arrival of the Pioneers, who raised the stars and stripes and took possession . of the country in the name of the United States, it was ceded to this nation by the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. The early settlers established the Pro- visional (iovernment of Deseret. and petitioned Con- gress for admission into the Union. Their prayer for Statehood was denied, but on the pth of September, 1850, Congress organized the Territory of Utah, and Brigham Young, by appointment of President Millard Killmore, became its Governor. He served as such for two terms, and in 1858 was succeeded by Alfred Cumming, a native of Georgia, the first non-Mormon Governor of Utah. Just prior to his installation occurred the "Echo Canyon War," in which Governor Young, having issued a proclamation placing the Territory under martial law. called MOUMoN KM K. Iv \ N i I I-' SKETCH OF UTAH AND MORMONISM. out the militia to resist the entrance of a United States army under General Albert Sydney Johnston into Salt Lake Valley. An amicable adjustment of the difficulties between Utah and the Federal Government difficulties based upon misrepresentation followed in time to avert bloodshed. Though no longer Governor of Utah, Brig- ham Young remained President of the Mormon Church, and as such was the real power in the land. Under his wise and vigorous adminis- tration the Church was built up rapidly, the whole surrounding region explored and colon- ized, irrigation established, arid lands reclaimed, cities and towns laid out, Indian tribes placated, local and foreign missions opened, immigration encouraged, and the Territory from north to south made to hum like one vast hive, the home of these busy bees of industry. The settlements founded by the Mormon people on the shores of the Great Salt Lake formed a nucleus for Western civilization, and made possible the colonization of the vast arid inter- mountain plateau known as the Great Basin. Idaho, Montana, the Dakotas, Colorado, Wyoming, Nevada (once a part of Utah) Arizona and New Mexico owe their existence as organized commonwealths to Utah and her founders. It is claimed that a Mormon colony gave California her first EARLY DAYS IN UTAH-THE PONY' EXI>KKSS. newspaper antedating by three years the Deseret JVeivs, the pioneer journal of the Rocky Mountain region and it was the picks and shovels of Mormon Battalion boys, honorably dis- charged after faithfully serving their country, that brought to SKETCH OF UTAH AND MORMONISM. light the auriferous wealth of the far-famed Golden State. For twenty years after the settlement of Salt Lake Valley, Utah was comparatively isolated, working out her destiny amid the many unpropitious elements by which she was surrounded; battling with crickets, grasshoppers and drouth, and now and then taking up arms to protect her children from pillage and massacre by the marauding and merciless savage. An occasional emigrant train passing on to the coast a visitation more fre- quent after the discovery of gold in California with the regular fall arrival of Mormon immigrants and trains of mer- chandise from the frontier, was about all there was to remind the dwellers in these mountain fastnesses "a thousand miles from anywhere" of the civilization they had left behind. In the ox-team and handcart days it took news three months to travel to Salt Lake C'ity from the Missouri River, and almost the same length of time from the sparsely settled Pacific Coast. The pony express and overland stage coach subse- quently did much to abridge time and distance, but it was not until 1861 that a transcontinental telegraph line brought Utah into immediate communication with the outside world, and not until 1869 that the shriek of the locomotive broke the stillness of the mountain solitudes and threw open the peaceful settlements of the Saints to the encroachments of modern civiliza- tion. A new era then dawned upon Utah, an era of electricity and steam ; telegraph lines were constructed all over the Territory, railroads built in various directions, and the channels of trade widened, extended and multiplied. In all these enterprises President Brigham Young was the leading spirit and most conspicuous figure. The Deseret Telegraph line, built by the Mormon people, under his directioo, preceded by two and a half years the advent of the Pacific Railroad. This period saw the inception of that mammoth business concern, Zion's Co-operative Mercantile Institution, organized by the Mormon leader to unite and consolidate the commercial interests MAIN .-iTKKin. Si ALT I.AKK flTY. IN 1HM>. SKETCH OF UTAH AND MORMONISM. of his people. It also witnessed the reopening of the mines, which, uncovered by General P. E. Con- nor and other non-Mormons in 1863-4, ^ a( ^ lan- guished for lack of capital. Sampling mills and smelters were now erected, ore and bullion shipped, and Utah, ever at the van in agriculture, began forging to the fore as a great mining common- wealth. With the influx of non-Mormon popula- tion consequent upon these developments, came the organization of rival political parties, the first that Utah had known, upon lines running parallel with religious and other differences between Mormons and Gentiles. By these names were the two classes in the community commonly called, though they were known politically as the People's and the Liberal parties. The Salt Lake Herald and Salt Lake Tribune, both great newspapers, the former independent, the latter anti-Mormon in tone, came into being as successors to other journalistic rivals of the Descret IVews; and non-Mormon churches, of which there had been a few in Utah from the beginning, were now rapidly multiplied. Against these powerful agents, mostly working with a more or less united purpose for its disintegration, Mormonism, strongly entrenched, continued to hold its own. In the midst of the changes thus inaugurated, Brigham Young, the founder of Utah, died at Salt Lake City, August 29th, 1877. As early as 1862 Congress had legislated upon the subject of polygamy, the plural marriage system of the Saints, practiced THK OLD COUXCII-i HOITSK, WIIEKK TIIK FIHUT .O.KIX WHKK IIKI.II by Joseph Smith and other Mormon leaders at Nauvoo, but never publicly promulgated by the Church until 1852. Never at any time did more than two per cent of the Mormon people practice plural marriage, though all or most of them believed the principle to be divine. Mormon polygamy was nothing akin to the polygamy of the Turks or other Oriental peoples of the present time. It was the Patriarchal order of marriage, practiced by Abraham, Jacob, Moses and other ancient worthies, and was SKETCH OF UTAH AND MORMONISM. one of the principles of the Gospel as restored through the Prophet Joseph Smith. To the Saints it was a key to the celes- tial kingdom the highest degree of heavenly glory where family relationships formed on earth according to divine law, are perpetuated. The anti-polygamy act was not enforced, and for twenty years remained a dead letter, the Mormons regarding it as unconstitutional, since it infringed upon a principle of their religion, and many non- Mormons, including men high in the councils of the nation sharing the same view. It was declared constitutional by the Supreme Court of the United States in January, 1879, a test case that of the I'nited States vs. George Reynolds having been submitted in order to draw forth a decision upon the subject from that august tribunal. In March. 1882, Congress enacted the so-called Kdmunds Law, under which an anti-polygamy cru- sade was inaugurated in Utah, Idaho and Arizona, wherever the Saints had settlements. The Edmunds Law. like its predecessor, made punishable by fine and imprisonment the marrying of plural wives, but went further than the statute of 1862 in that it not only inflicted heavier penalties for that offense, but also made punishable, as unlawful cohabitation, the living with plural wives; in fact, the mere acknowl- edgment of a plural wife was construed and punished by the Federal courts as '-unlawful cohab- itation." During the progress of the crusade, in March, 1887, the Edmunds Act was supplemented by the Edmunds-Tucker Law, under which most of the property of the Mormon Church was forfeited and escheated to the Government. Upon the sufferings inflicted during that time of trouble no citizen of Utah lovestodwell. From 1884 to 1890 the Territory was raked I. loN AND IIKKIIIYK HOITHKH. .<.. ,,r MI UI ,AN yoi-xu-. rAiu. SKETCH OF UTAH AND MORIWON1SM. from one end to the other as with a sharp-toothed harrow, and the Church made to weep bitter and even bloody tears. Hordes of deputy marshals, turned loose upon the helpless community, hunted their victims with the assiduity of sleuth-hounds. Men and women were agonized to an extent almost unbearable. One man a Mormon citizen of high repute was shot and killed by an over-zealous deputy, who, indicted and tried for manslaughter, was acquitted in the District Court. Delicate women, fleeing from arrest, often in the night-time, died from terror, exposure and exhaustion, or suffered injuries from which they never recovered. The exchequer of the Federal courts was swollen to repletion from fines collected in polygamous cases, and the penitentiaries were crowded with convicts for conscience sake. Nearly a thousand convictions under the anti-polygamy statutes testify to the rigor of the crusade and the sincerity of the Mormon people in the crucial test of their integrity. Scarcely a man, and not one woman for the women and children were imprisoned also weakened under the terrible strain brought to bear by the iron hand of the Government through its local represen- tatives, and purchased immunity from persecution by a "promise to obey." Among those who went to prison rather than be false to their convictions and renounce a principle of their religion, were Lorenzo Snow, George Q. Cannon and Francis M. Lyman, THE (JAKIX) HOl'SK. KKM1I.KN.-K OF |.|,KII,KM .!..* HVI...K. three of the Twelve Apostles of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Hundreds of other Elders among the most reputable men in the community were fined and imprisoned for like cause, and nearly all the Church leaders were driven into exile. The settlements of the Saints in Mexico and Canada were SKETCH OF UTAH AND MORMONISM. greatly strengthened by emigrations from Utah and Arizona during this troubled period. 1 'resident John Taylor, who had scceeded Hrigham Young as the head of the Church, died in exile, July 25th, 1887, a victim of the crusade, a martyr to his religious con- victions. With the advent into power of his successor, President Wilford Woodruff, came in September, 1890, the Manifesto, discontinuing the practice of plural marriage. The people were told by their leader that the Lord accepted of their sacrifices, and desired them now to submit to the law of the land. They obeyed. An era of good feeling ensued. Mormons and (ientiles atliliated socially and politically and were friendly as never before. Local political lines, upon which a long and bitter fight had been waged, were obliterated, and the citizens generally. regardless of past prejudices and atliliations, divided on national party lines as Democrats and Republicans. Presidents Harrison and Cleveland, in successive pro- clamations, pardoned all polygamists. and the Mormon Church property, confiscated under the operations of the Edmunds-Tucker Law, was restored by act of Congress to its rightful owner. Utah, a Territory since 1850, was, on January 4th. 1896, admitted into the Union as a State. The present leader of the Latter-day Saints is Lorenzo Snow, who on September I3th. 1898. eleven days after the death of Wilford Woodruff, succeeded him as President and as Till-: KACil-K er jfranfcltn D. TRicbar&s, prest&ent of tbe twelve flpostles anfc Cburcb IMstorian. ARTICLES OF FAITH. 1. We believe in God, the Eternal Father, and in his Son, Jesus Christ, and in the Holy Ghost. 2. We believe that men will be punished for their own sins and not for Adam's transgression. 3. We believe that, through the atonement of Christ, all mankind may be saved, by obedience to the laws and ordinances of the Gospel. 4. We believe that the first principles and ordinances of the Gospel are: First, faith in the Lord Jesus Christ; second, repentance; third, baptism by immersion for the remission of sins; fourth, laying on of hands for the gift of the Holy Ghost. 5. We believe that a man must be called of God, by "pro- phecy and by the laying on of hands," by those who are in authority to preach the Gospel and administer in the ordinances thereof. 6. We believe in the same organization that existed in the primitive church, viz., Apostles, Prophets, Pastors, Teachers, Evangelists, etc. T. We believe in the gift of tongues, prophecy, revelation, visions, healings, interpretation of tongues, etc. 8. We believe the Bible to be the word of God, as far as it is translated correctly; we also believe the Book of Mormon to be the word of God. 9. We believe all that God has revealed, all that he does now reveal, and we believe that he will yet reveal many great and important things pertaining to the kingdom of heaven. 10. We believe in the literal gathering of Israel and in the restoration of the Ten Tribes. That Zion will be built upon this continent. That Christ will reign personally upon the earth, and that the earth will be renewed and receive its paradisic glory. 11. vVe claim the privilege of worshiping Almighty God according to the dictates of our own conscience, and allow all men the same privilege, let them worship how, where or what they may. 12. We believe in being subject to kings, presidents, rulers and magistrates, in obeying, honoring and sustaining the law. 13. We believe in being honest, true, chaste, benevolent, virtuous, and in doing good to all men; indeed we may say that we follow the admonition of Paul, "We believe all things, we hope all things;" we have endured many things, and hope to be able to endure all things. If there is anything virtuous, lovely or of good report or praiseworthy, we seek after these things. Joseph Smith. WHAT THE MORMONS BELIEVE. As to the personality of God the Father, the Latter-dav Saints refer to the following: "And God said, Let us make man in our image, after our likeness. * * * So God created man in his own image, in the image of God created he him, male and female created he them." (Gen. i: 26, 27.) "For man indeed ought not to cover his head, forasmuch as he is the image and glory of God." (I. Cor. xi: 7.) "Then went up Moses and Aaron, Nadab and Abihu and seventy of the elders of Israel, and they saw the God of Israel, and there was under his feet as it were a paved work of a sapphire stone, and as it were the body of heaven in his clearness." (Exodus xxiv: 9, 10.) Jesus the Son of God is declared to be "The brightness of his glory and the express image of his person." (Heb. i: 3.) "Who is the image of the invisible God, the first- born of every creature." (Col. i: i$.) The omnipresence of God by his Spirit univer- sally diffused, is thus declared: "This is the light of Christ, as also he is in the sun and the light of the son and the power by which it was made; also he is in the moon, and is the light of the moon and the power thereof by which it was made; as also the light of the stars and the power thereof by which they were made; and the earth also and the power thereof, even the earth upon which ye stand; and the light which now shineth, which giveth you light, is through him which enlighteneth your eyes, which is the same that quickeneth your understandings, which light proceedeth forth from the presence of God, to fill the immensity of space. The NT. MAHVM <\\ I III l>l< M. i vi inn I. rm rwMru* *i- n~i WHAT THE MORMONS BELIEVE. light which is in all things, which giveth life to all things, which is the law by which all things are governed, even the power of God who sitteth upon his throne, who is in the bosom of eternity, who is in the midst of all things." (Revelation to Joseph Smith, December 27, 1832.) "And the earth was without form and void; and darkness was upon the face of the deep, and the Spirit of God moved upon the face of the waters." (Gen. i : 2.) "By his Spirit he hath garnished the heavens." (Job xxvi: 13.) "Thou sendeth forth thy Spirit, they [the beasts of the field] are created; and thou renewest the face of the earth." (Psalm civ: 30.) "And shall put my Spirit in you and you shall live." (Ezek. xxxvii: 14.) "There is a spirit in man: and the inspiration of the Almighty giveth them understanding." (Job xxxii: 8.) "And it shall come to pass afterward that I will pour out my Spirit upon all flesh." (Joel ii : 28.) "It is the Spirit that quickeneth." (John vi: 63.) "But God hath revealed them unto us by his Spirit; for the Spirit searcheth all things, yea the deep things of God." (I. Cor. ii: 10.) That the spirits of men are the offspring of God, is shown in the following: "And now verily I say unto you, I was in the beginning ST. MA UK'S C'ATIIKIJKAl., (EPISCOEAI*) with the Father and am the first-born; and all those who are begotten through me are partakers of the glory of the same and are the Church of the first-born. Ye were also in the beginning with the Father." (From revelation to Jos. Smith, May 6, 1833-) WHAT THE MORMONS BbLIEVfc. Furthermore we have had fathers of our flesh which cor- rected us and we gave them reverence; shall we not much ratlier be in subjection unto the Father of spirits and live?" 1 1 li'h. xii: 9.) I ascend unto my Father and unto your Father; and to my God and to your God." (John xx: 17.) "And again when he bringeth in the first begot- ten into the world," etc. (Heb. i: 6.) "Forasmuch then as the children are partakers of tlt'sh and blood, he also himself likewise took part of the same. * * * Wherefore in all things it be- hooveth him to be made like unto his brethren," etc. (Heb. ii: 14-17.) Beloved, now are we the sons of God, and it doth not yet appear what we shall be; but we know that, when he shall appear, we shall be like him; for \\e shall see him as he is." (I.John iii: 2.) "Where wast thou when I laid the foundations of the earth? Declare if thou hast understanding. * When the morning stars sang together and all the sons of (iod shouted for joy?" (Job xxxviii: 4-7.) 'Then shall the dust return to the earth as it was, and the spirit shall return to God who gave it." I Ki ili-s. xii: 7.) The resurrection of the body, extending to the resuscitation of all who have lived and died on earth, to be judged in the resurrected body for the deeds done in the natural body, is a scriptural doctrine. a* may be seen from these texts: There is a space between death and the resurrection of the body and a state of the soul in happiness or in misery, until the I.- 1 ^IIYTKKIAN flirKCII. WHAT THE MORMONS BELIEVE. time which is appointed of God that the dead shall come forth, and be reunited both soul and body and be brought to stand be- fore God and be judged according to their works. The soul shall be restored to the body and the body to the soul; yea, and every limb and joint shall be restored to its body; yea, even a hair of the head shall not be lost, but all things shall be restored to their proper and perfect frame." (Book of Mormon, page 354.) "Now this restoration shall come to all, both old and young, both bond and free, both male and female, both the wicked and the righteous." (Ibid., p. 267.) "Marvel not at this, for the hour is coming in the which all that are in the graves shall hear his voice, and shall come forth; they that have done good unto the resurrection of life, and they that have done evil unto the resurrection of damnation." (John v : 28, 29.) "And I saw the dead, small and great, stand before God, and the books were opened, and another book was opened, which is the book of life, and the dead were judged out of those things which were written in the books, according to their works. (Rev. xx: 12.) "There is one glory of the sun, and another glory of the moon, and another glory of the stars: for one star differeth from another star in glory, so also is the resurrection of the dead." (I. Cor. xv: 41.) That baptism of water and of the Holy Ghost is essential, the following show: "Go ye into all the world, preach the Gospel to every creature, acting in the authority which I have given you, bap- tizing in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost. And he that believeth and is baptized shall be FIRST METH01MST C'HUKCH, HA,, WHAT THE MORMONS BELIEVE. saved, and he that believeth not shall be damned. * * * As 1 said to mine Apostles. I say unto you again, that every soul that believeth on your words and is baptized by water for the remission of sins, shall receive the Holy Ghost, and signs shall follow them that believe. * * * Verily, verily I say unto you, they that believe not on your words and are not baptized in water in my name for the remission of their sins, that they may receive the Holy Ghost, shall be damned and shall not come into my Father's kingdom." (Revelation to Joseph Smith, November, 1831.) Jesus answered, verily, verily I say unto thee, except a man be born of water and of the Spirit, he cannot enter into the kingdom of God." (John iii: 5.) "Go ye into all the world and preach the Gospel to every creature; he that believeth and is baptized shall be saved; but he that believeth not shall be damned." (Mark xvi: 15, 16.) "Then Peter said unto them, repent and be baptized every one of you in the name of Jesus Christ for the remission of sins, and ye shall receive the gift of the Holy Ghost. (Acts ii: 37, 38.) "But when they believed Philip preaching the things con- cerning the kingdom of God, and the name of Jesus Christ, they were baptized, both men and women. * * * Then laid they their hands on them and they received the Holy Ghost." (Acts viii: 12-18.) That this Gospel will be preached to all people, both living and dead, see the following: lor Christ also hath suffered for sins, the just for the unjust, that he might bring us to God; being put to death in the flesh, but quickened by the spirit, by which also he went and preached unto UAITIST OHUROHJcwura .,,. , ..,,. A .. WHAT THE MORMONS BELIEVE. the spirits in prison, which sometime were disobedient when once the long-suffering of God waited in the days of Noah, while the ark was a preparing, wherein few, that is eight souls, were saved by water." (I. Peter iii: 18-20.) "For, for this cause was the Gospel preached also to them that are dead, that they might be judged according to men in the flesh, but live according to God in the spirit." (Ibid, iv: 6.) The living Saints may perform ordinances for the repentant dead: "Else what shall they do which are baptized for the dead, if the dead rise not at all? Why are they then baptized for the dead?" (I. Cor. xv: 19.) "And saviors shall come up on Mount Zion to judge the Mount of Esau and the kingdom shall be the Lord's." (Obadiah i: 21.) "God having provided some better thing for us, that they without us should not be made perfect." (Heb. xi: 40.) That the true Gospel is to be preached to pre- pare the way for Christ's coming and the end of the world, see the following: "And this gospel of the kingdom shall be preached in all the world, for a witness unto all na- tions, and then shall the end come." (Matt. xxiv. 14.) "And I saw another angel fly in the midst of heaven, having the everlasting gospel to preach unto them that dwell on the earth, and to every nation, and kindred and tongue and people, saying with a loud voice Fear God and give glory to him, for the hour of his judgment is come : and worship him that made heaven, and earth, and the sea, and the fountains of waters." (Rev. xiv: 6, 7.) THK .I10WISII SVXAQfMifK, WHAT THE MORMONS BELIEVE. That Satan will be bound, the earth he cleansed from corruption, the kingdoms of this world become the kingdom of our God. and that the reign of Christ and his triumph over error and Satan shall be com- plete and universal, are supported by the following te\; And I saw an angel come down from heaven, having the key of the bottomless pit and a great chain in his hand. And he laid hold on the dragon, that old serpent, which is the devil, and Satan, and bound him a thous- and years. And cast him into the bottomless pit, and shut him up. and set a seal upon him, that he should de- the nations no more, till the thousand years should be fulfilled: and after that he must be loosed a little season." (Rev. xx: 1-3.) "And the sea gave up the deed which were in it; and death and hell delivered up the dead which were in them: and they were judged every man according to their works. "And death and hell were cast into the lake of tire. This is the second death. And whosoever was not found written in the book of life was cast into the lake of fire." (Revelations xx: 13, 14-) "And I heard a great voice out of heaven, saying. Behold, the tabernacle of God is with men, and he will dwell with C.1JI II.'K'II ,^< III...1. them, and they shall be his people, and God himself shall be with them, and be their God. 'And God shall wipe away all tears from their eyes; and there shall be no more death, neither sorrow, nor crying, neither WHAT THE MORMONS BELIEVE. JACKSON MCHOOr.i. shall there be any more pain : for the former things are passed away." (Rev. xxi: 3, 4.) "But the day of the Lord will come as a thief in the night, in the which the heavens shall pass away with a great noise; and the elements shall melt with fervent heat, the earth also and the works that are therein shall be burned up. "Seeing then that all these things shall be dis- solved, what manner of persons ought ye to be in all holy conversation and godliness. "Looking for and hasting unto the coming of the day of God, wherein, the heavens being on fire, shall be dissolved, and the elements shall melt with fervent heat? "Nevertheless we, according to his promise, look for new heavens and a new earth, wherein dwelleth righteousness." (II. Peter iii: 10-13.) "Behold the Lord maketh the earth empty; and maketh it waste, and turneth it upside down, and scattereth abroad the inhabitants thereof. "And it shall be, as with the people, so with the priest; as with the servant, so with his master; as with the maid, so with her mistress; as with the buyer, so with the seller; as with the lender, so with the bor- rower; as with the taker of usury, so with the giver of usury to him. "The land shall be utterly emptied, and utterly spoiled, for the Lord hath spoken this word. "The earth mourneth, and fadeth away; the world languisheth and fadeth away; the haughty people of the earth do languish. "The earth also is defiled under the inhabitants thereof, WHAT THE MORMONS BbUbVb. because they have transgressed the laws, changed the ordi- nance, broken the everlasting covenant. ''Therefore hath the curse devoured the earth, and they that dwell therein are desolate; therefore the inhabitants of M>\VKI,I, -M IKx.l. the earth are burned, and few men left." (Isaiah xxiv; 1-6.) And it shall come to pass in that day, that the Lord shall punish the host of the high ones that are on high, and the kings of the earth upon the earth. And they shall be gathered together as prison ers are gathered in the pit, and shall be shut up in the prison, and after many days shall they be visited. "Then the moon shall be confounded, and the sun ashamed, when the Lord of hosts shall reign in Mount Zion. and in Jerusalem, and before his ancients gloriously." (Isaiah xxiv: 21-23.) "And at the name of Jesus every knee should bow, of things in heaven and things on earth, and things under the earth; "And that every tongue should confess that Jesus Christ is Lord to the glory of God the Father. (Phil, ii: 10, u.) "And in the days of these kings shall the God of heaven set up a kingdom which shall never be de- stroyed : and the kingdom shall not be left to other people, but it shall break in pieces and consume all these kingdoms, and it shall stand forever. (Dan. 11:44) I saw in the night visions, and, behold, one like the Son of Man came with the clouds of heaven, and came to the Ancient of days, and they brought him near before him. "And there was given him dominions, and glory WHAT THE MORMONS BELIEVE. and a kingdom, that all people, nations, and languages, should serve him: his dominion is an everlasting dominion, which shall not pass away, and his kingdom that which shall not be de- stroyed." (Daniel vii: 13,14.) "The wolf and the lamb shall feed together, and the lion shall eat straw like the bullock: and dust shall be the serpent's meat. They shall not hurt nor destroy in all my holy mountain, saith the Lord." (Isaiah Ixv: 25.) "For as the new heavens and the new earth, which I will make, shall remain before me, saith the Lord, so shall your seed and your name remain. (Isaiah Ixvi: 22.) "Then cometh the end, when he shall have de- livered up the kingdom to God, even the Father, when he shall have put down all rule and all authority and power. "For he must reign, till he hath put all enemies under his feet. "The last enemy that shall be destroyed is death. "And when all things shall be subdued unto him, then shall the Son also himself be subject unto him that put all things under him, that God may be all in all." (Cor. xv : 24-26, 28.) As to eternal marriage and the glory and domin- ion of the redeemed, it will be seen that when the first marriage was performed in Eden, the pair were immortal. Death came by sin, but life was restored through the atonement. Adam and Eve are therefore man 'and wife for eternity. "And the rib which the Lord God had taken from man made he a woman, and brought her unto the man. HTH DISTRICT SCHOOL,. WHAT THE MORMONS BELIEVE. "And Adam said. This is now bone of my bones, and flesh of my flesh: she shall be called woman, because she was taken out of man." (Genesis ii: 22.) "So God created man in his own image, in the image of God created he him; male and female created he them. "And God blessed them, and God said unto them, Be fruitful and multiply, and replenish the earth, and subdue it; and have dominion over the fish of the sea, and over the fowl of the air, and over every living thing that moveth upon the earth." (Gen. i: 27, 28.) "For since by man came death, by man came also the resurrec- tion of the dead. For as in Adam all die, even so in Christ shall all be made alive." (I. Cor. xv: 21, 22.) Nevertheless, neither is the man without the woman, neither the woman without the man in the Lord." (I. Cor. xi: ri.) Blessed and holy is he that hath part in the first resurrection: on such the second death hath no power, but they shall be priests of (i-id and of Christ, and shall reign with him a thousand years (Kt-v. xx : 6.) And he that sat upon the throne said, Behold, I make all things new. And he said unto me, Write; for these words are true and faithful. 'And he said unto me, it is done. I am Alpha and Omega, the beginning and the end. I will give unto him that is athirst, of the fountain of the water of life freely. -He that overcometh shall inherit all things; and I will be his God, and he shall be my son. (Rev. xxi; 5-7.) OP;;TRAI>K WHAT THE MORMONS BELIEVE. 1 and the average daily range is 18.6. This means that we have winter and summer; the seasons make their rounds; we have snow-fall and frost, sleigh-riding and skating in winter, showers and blossom-time in spring, warmth and fruitfulness in summer, and bracing, open weather in the autumn. This is not a country where the weather is mild all the year; we have the changing seasons, the real summer and the real winter, which is desirable. Professor Jones says: It is undoubtedly true that a climate where there is no difference between Christ- mas and the 4th of July, where every day is like every other, except for the dust, is a first-class place to die in; but to live, we want a climate that will stir up our energies, that will bring out all our powers and keep us alive and aggressive, without making us suffer because of its rigor; this we have in Utah." There is scarcely any dew in this country, so that the nights are as dry as the days. We have no rainy season, but we have showers all through the summer. We have no fogs nor drizzling rains, nor fierce and cold winds, and on the average 315 days out of the year are clear and fair. The average date of first snow in the valley is November ist. It never snows later than the middle of April. The first frost comes towards the end of September, and there is none later than April. Physicians recommend this climate particularly for those suffering from pulmonary diseases, which cannot exist here ex- cept in a relieved and modified condition. Dr. Niles has covered this feature thoroughly, not only by his own extended observa- tions, but by conference with others. He states: "The most rapid and satisfactory results have been noticed in that largest class of American invalids whose deteriorated health and loss of nervous mental and physical vigor has been caused by overwork, worry, mental strain, etc., and which, without any recognizable specific cause, exhibit various distressing symptoms or functional disorder, such as neuralgias, sleeplessness, dizziness, mental de- pression, weak digestion, disturbance of the circulation, etc. As might naturally be expected, these troublesome patients usually respond promptly to the pleasant and complete change and to the invigorating influence of this climate." AGRICULTURE. It will be difficult to treat of this subject without conveying the impression that the writer suffers from chronic enthusiasm and cannot describe any resource of the State without resorting to the superlative, but no statements will be made in these pages which cannot be verified by undisputed evidence. It is not everything that can be grown in this State. Bread fruit, ban- anas, mangoes, sago and other tropical fruits or products cannot IIY 0. H. I_ HAII.WAY. RESOURCES AND ATTRACTIONS OF UTAH. be produced. Oranges, figs and lemons can only be grown in the southern part of the State; but the agricultural products of Utah are wide in their range and almost without exception they are of excellent quality. Although our farms are small, we grow enormous crops to the acre. The expense per acre is large, but the yield compensates for the cost. Nearly all our farming requires irrigation, which almost doubles the labor otherwise required upon a crop, but irrigation means high culti- vation, and it is therefore possible to produce from fifty acres as much as one hundred acres elsewhere would yield, so that a given area will support a larger farming population in Utah than in other places. The soil is usually magnificent; charged with natural fertilizers, rich, deep and vigorous, seeming anxious to respond to the efforts of the husbandman when once the life- giving waters are spread upon its surface. There has never been a ton of artificial fertilizer brought to this State to our knowledge. The soil is charged with calcium-phosphate and other chemicals which nature requires to invigorate and sustain the fruits of the field. That subtle something which replaces the missing ingredients in the soil, is supplied in the waters of irrigation. GRAIN. WHEAT. The soil and climate of Utah are well adapted to the cultivation and growth of wheat. The latest official returns, gathered, however, with great care and accuracy, showed an average yield per acre of twenty-two bushels in 1890. The United States report for the same year shows 17.2, and the Ag- ricultural College report shows an average from irrigated lands to be twenty-nine bushels in 1891. The price rarely falls below sixty cents, and frequently reaches seventy-five and eighty cents. Utah wheat exhibited by the Agricultural College of Logan r received an award at the World's Fair. Under our system of irrigation and consequent high cultivation the yield per acre in exceptional instances has been astonishingly great. In 1889 the American Agriculturist offered a prize of $500 to the farmer raising the largest crop of wheat to the acre in any place in the United States. The prize was secured by Wm. Gibby, who produced 4806 pounds of clean wheat, being eighty bushels and six pounds, from one acre of ground, accurately surveyed, on the outskirts of Salt Lake City. OATS. Those who keep up work horses are willing to pay twenty-five to thirty per cent more for Utah oats of ordinary quality than for a fair grade of Eastern. Utah oats, therefore, command a good price, and when the market favors export a comparatively high figure is asked and received. BARLEY. There was no barley exhibited at the World's Fair equal to that produced in Utah. Our barley has always been considered superior to any other produced in the United States. It is very heavy, fifty to fifty-five pounds to the bushel, thin-skinned and in every way superior. CORN. Although Utah does not pose as a corn country, there are nearly ten thousand acres under cultivation. The hot sultry nights which corn requires are not characteristic of our climate, but in some of the southern parts excellent crops are produced. OL.D FOIJ\S* DAY. VI- I. Mi. ..IN. .11 -I.Y .1. IM,. RESOURCES AND ATTRACTIONS OF UTAH. RYE. Comparatively little is cultivated in Utah, although the quality is superb and the yield above that of the average for the United States. GRASSES. ALFALFA. This is one of the most important crops of Utah. It can be grown on rough ground that is too dry for grass and too broken and stony for grain. The cultivation of alfalfa, or lucern, has proven one of the greatest blessings enjoyed by the farming people of Utah. Excellent crops have been secured by merely clearing off the brush and casting the seed over the ground. It takes longer to get a good start this way, and it is more difficult than if the ground is stirred or broken, but it thrives better in the end. Probably one hundred and fifty thou- sand acres are now under cultivation. HAY. Clover, timothy and redtop hay are grown in all parts of the State. Hay cures beautifully and retains its nourishing quality better in this State than elsewhere, owing to the dry at- mosphere. Utah grasses exhibited at the World's Fair were pronounced beyond comparison with any others shown in the agricultural building. VEGETABLES, ETC. The Utah potato is justly famous all over the United States. In 1890 there were some eight thou- sand acres under cultivation, yielding a million bushels; but that was an off year; our annual product is usually much greater. The late Secretary Rjisk said, "Utah beats the world for pota- toes." Utah has also a fine reputation for carrots, which sometimes yield, of good quality, as much as eighteen hundred bushels to the acre; also for onions, turnips, parsnips, radishes, etc. The great beet sugar factory at Lehi has developed the cultivation of sugar beets throughout the middle counties. We annually export large quanties of cabbage, cauliflower and celery, the latter growing exceptionally fine: and for home consumption we raise an abundance of beans, peas, lettuce, cab- bage, squash, tomatoes, asparagus, etc. In the southern part of the State cotton is very successfully raised. It averages six hundred pounds to the acre, which is- an enormous yield, the average for the Southern States being usually about one hundred and seventy pounds. THE ORCHARDS OF UTAH. The same causes which give excellence to the grains and vegetables of Utah also stand for orchard products of a high class. Fresh fruits are exported in considerable quantities, and wherever sent take a high place and command a ready sale. In general terms, the superior characteristics are firmness, beauty, and above all, fine flavor. Plums, German prunes, pears, apri- cots, cherries and grapes of splendid quality and handsome appearance are raised in great quantities; strawberries and rasp- berries are both native to Utah; also red and black currants; under cultivation the yield is very large and of surprising quality. In the height of the season, strawberries come to market in the greatest abundance, of magnificent appearance and fine flavor. SALT L.AKK CITY ANJ) COUXTY BUILDLXO. RESOURCES AND ATTRACTIONS OF UTAH. MINING. Active mining commenced in Utah in 1870, although some developments had been made in the Cottonwood districts during the previous year. From that time until the present this industry has proven the principal source of revenue to Utah, and has contributed much to its prosperity. As early as 1872, the pro- duction amounted to $2,547,916, the following year it had in- creased to $4,523,497, the annual production steadily growing until it reached its climax in 1892, when the production of gold, silver, lead and copper had a seaboard value of $16,276,818.00. The output would have continued to increase year by year had not anti-silver legislation in Congress depressed prices and caused a number of properties to shut down. As a result, the output for 1893 was only $12,832,074.00, the falling off being in silver, lead and copper, while the production of gold increased over forty per cent. Utah's collection of specimens of the various minerals' of the Territory won the highest prize at the World's Fair. To give a complete account of the development and possibilities of each of these would require a volume of itself, but some idea of the mineral- resources of Utah may be gathered by a brief reference to a few of the most important. COAL. Of the two principal coal fields that have been so far developed in this State, one is at Coalville, Summit County, the other in Carbon County, extending from Castle Gate to Sco- field. In one year, Coalville produced 49,080 tons, and Carbon County 331,878 tons, while an unknown but considerable quantity was produced in other parts of the State. Splendid coal beds also exist in a number of the southern counties. IRON. There are iron deposits that can be worked with profit in Cache, Weber, Wasatch, Salt Lake, Morgan, Juab, and many other counties of Utah, but the greatest of all is in Iron County, which possesses one of the most remarkable deposits in the world. Near Cedar City is the Iron Mountain, computed to contain fifty million tons of fine iron ore. Prof. Newberry has said of this mountain : "The deposits of iron ore near Iron City in south-western Utah are probably not excelled in intrinsic value by any in the world. * * * There are certainly no other deposits to compare with them west of the Mississippi for the manufacture of pig and bar iron and steel, and it would be difficult to estimate the influence they would have on the indus- tries of the Pacific Coast." SULPHUR. Excellent sulphur mines exist in Washington County and in other parts of the State, but the important de- posit is that owned by the Utah Sulphur Company at Cove Creek, Millard County. This surpasses any other deposit in the known world, the sulphur being far richer and more abund- ant than in Sicily, from which the world draws its greatest supply. One thousand tons were shipped in 1893 to St. Louis, Chicago, Omaha, Denver, Kansas City and Portland, Oregon;, but the trade is increasing and the developments at the mines will now permit a much larger output. PLASTER OF PARIS. At Nephi, Juab County, the Nephi Plaster Manufacturing Company supply the whole of Utah and ship large quantities to California. , The output of 1893 was fifteen hundred tons, of superior quality. The raw material,, gypsum, from which this is made, is said to be the purest known. u M A M M< >T1 I. -I VI UK I II I I V M.I I -, M V M Ml .'I II AND < i l( AND C'K.NTH A I. M I N KM. HIM II 1:1. HV . . I. HV. RESOURCES AND ATTRACTIONS OF UTAH. SALT. A company at Nephi, Juab County, is engaged in the manufacture of refined salt from the rock salt found near by, and another company is doing a large business in the sale of rock salt as mined. A number of the lower altitude counties of Utah can produce salt to advantage, especially Sevier County! but the principal source of supply is in the Great Salt Lake itself, which is probably the best and largest deposit of brine in the world. Its waters carry about twenty per cent, of salt. Around the Lake are salt farms, where ponds are made by building levees, to obtain salt by solar evaporation. This salt is stacked in piles and is ready for market as coarse salt for stock and for the amalgamating works throughout the mining regions. About one hundred thousand tons per annum are usually gathered in this way. The Salt business of Utah amounts to about two hundred thousand dollars per annum. ASPHALTUM. The asphaltum fields of Utah are in the north- eastern part of the State, almost the whole of Wasatch and Uintah Counties being impregnated with the mineral in a great variety of forms and conditions, the principal kinds being gilson- ite, ozokerite (130,000 pounds produced in 1889), wurtzelite (often called elaterite), asphaltic limestone and gilsonite, which are the only forms that have been profitably worked. A com- bination of the two has been used successfully in paving the principal streets of Salt Lake City. Asbestos of good quality is found in Beaver County. Indi- cations of Petroleum that are likely to lead to a profitable de- velopment are found in Carbon County, near Pleasant Valley and near Green River. Graphite is discovered in Box Elder Couuty and in Utah County. There are large beds not far from Provo and some near Goshen. One of the most remark- able deposits known of Selenite is found in Wayne County near the Fremont River. Mica is found in Box Elder County, in Davis County and Uintah County. The deposit in Box Elder County promises to furnish an article fit for commerce. CLAYS. A great variety of rich and beautiful clays exist in Utah, almost every county having a deposit of some kind of clay. In Salt Lake County, near Draper, is a vast bed of kaolin, from which articles of delicate and purest white pottery have been made on an experimental scale. Veins carrying BISMUTH have been found in Beaver County near Beaver City, carrying from one to six per cent, of the metal. This metal has also been found in the mines of Bingham, but there are no reduction works in this country designed for its- extraction. SODA and NITRE exist in Weber, Utah, and other counties, and ALUM in abundance in Iron County. MINERAL SPRINGS. It would be impossible to describe the mineral and thermal springs of Utah, so great are their variety and so widely scattered throughout the various counties. The best known are the sulphur springs on the outskirts of Salt Lake City, whose curative properties have aided the physicians in accomplishing wonderful restorations. The Idanha water of soda springs, near the northern boundry of the State, secured the first prize above every competitor at the World's Fair, rival waters being submitted from all parts of the world. MKKCl K, WIIKIIi: Tin: I \M.,t -, I. !.!. I. N ,,\TK ANM MKKCfK MINI- Mil: I..K-ATKI1. KKM 111:1. HV <>. H. I.. HA1I.WAY. RESOURCES AND ATTRACTIONS OF UTAH. COMMERCE. The commerce and trade of Utah are confined to no limited field, but embrace within certain proportions nearly all the varied interests that belong to the country at large. In these matters, as in most others, while the proportions of our opera- tion* may not be so great as to excite wonder and admiration, it must be admitted that in point of variety no other State or Ter- ritory can view us with disdain. We have examined into the commercial activities of many States separately, and have been struck with the prevailing feature that each State, as a general proposition, maintains its activity in special lines, -but in Utah this is not the case. The range of subjects which the man of trade in this State is called upon to consider is bewildering, and as varied as the numberless resources, mineral, agricultural and industrial, that are briefly referred to in these pages. If each of these interests can be developed, as we believe they will be, in proportion to their merits and the opportunities that exist in this State, the future of trade and commerce in the years to come will be exceedingly great. In the larger cities, such as Ogden, Provo, Logan and Salt Lake City a genuine jobbing trade is supported. We have wholesale jobbing houses devoted exclusively to dry goods, or clothing, or groceries, hardware, fruits and produce, grain, boots and shoes, machinery and other single lines. Their trade is not confined to this State alone, but extends for hundreds of miles into other regions. The general credit of the merchants and traders of Utah is first-class. Failures are comparatively few. INDUSTRIES. The subject of home industries has commanded the atten- tion of the people of Utah from the time of its first settlement. Isolated as it was in the beginning, necessity compelled the pro- duction of many articles which other communities import, and drove the people into finding means to manufacture them. It was thus revealed that from the many resources that lie about us a large proportion of the materials used at home could be made here, and in early times the self-supplying faculty of the residents of Utah was developed under great difficulties, and they learned to do many things in a primitive way that have since been refined upon and expanded until the quality and quantity of the goods manufactured in this State are by no means insignificant. "Home manufacture" has been so long and so steadily a familiar watchword with the people of Utah that there are not many communities in the West that have attempted such various lines of industry. Not all of these have succeeded, yet we will bear comparison with many older States. There is a genuine determination among the people of Utah to establish and sustain the manufacturing interests of the State. We accuse ourselves and each other of a lack of interest in these matters, but this only shows that we are alive to the necessity. The volume of manufactured material produced is a proof of our sincerity in this direction. The leaders of the people in early times told them that they had all the material necessary to make them one of the most prosperous and independent peoples on earth, if they would only make use of the material that DOUBLE < 'I K( 'I ,!:. ,, N THK TI.VI-IC- UK ANI-II OK THK H. a. w. HAIIAVAV. RESOURCES AND ATTRACTIONS OF UTAH. nature had placed at their disposal. Repeated efforts under adverse circumstances gave the start to a manufacturing com- munity, and as early as 1850 the industrial products of Utah amounted to $291,220. In 1860 this amount had increased to $900,153. Ten years later, according to the census returns, it was $2,343,019, and in 1890 the returns showed that there were 310 enterprises of this character in operation, mrning out a product valued at $5,836,003. The capital invested was $4,405,881. The plants cost $3,215,511, and they used that year, raw material worth $2,137,291. 3,274 hands were em- ployed, and the wages paid were $1,597,177- We have good reason to believe these figures to be under statements even for 1890, but were the data of today obtainable, a consider- able increase would now be shown; but these dry figures must impress every thoughtful reader that the people of Utah engage heartily in the development of their industrial possi- bilities, and by this means maintain their prosperity and con- tribute to the well being of the population. SOCIAL AFFAIRS AND AMUSEMENTS. The people of Utah are fraternal, progressive and well abreast of the American tide of advancement; in each town and hamlet there is a marked degree of ambition toward refinement and intellectual development, for there is not a settlement with- out its library and improvement association, and in music, painting, oratory, social culture, and in general educational matters, the people occupy the front rank with any -Western commonwealth. Among the other good things that Utah has to say for herself, these are not to be overlooked, for, notwith- standing the allurements of better health and prosperity, many excellent people accustomed to social advantages and refine- ments, have hesitated to make a home in the West, because they fear to lose the opportunities of intellectual culture for themselves and their children. There need be no such fear. In the larger cities of Utah, there are art associations, liter- ary clubs, a university club, press club, lodges of all the leading, Masonic, Odd-Fellow, and other secret aid societies, fine churches of nearly every religious denomination, dramatic associations, public libraries, and similar institutions that go to make up a cultured environment. At a recent exhibition of paintings by the Society of Utah Artists, a great many original paintings of much merit proved that in this branch of art we have developed further than any other State between Illinois and California. Several Utah artists were represented at the World's Fair, and some of their works were purchased by the City of Chicago for the permanent exhibition. GORGEi O N Till. l.liXVKK A 1110 I.KANIIi: KAII.KIIAII. OREGON SHORT LINC RAILROAD Yellowstone National Park* A tour of the Great West is not com- plete unless it includes a trip to the wonderful Yellowstone National Park. A most delightful excursion is one embraci g Scenic Colorado The Land of the Mormons and Yellowstone Park* Plan your PARK excursion via the OREGON SHORT LINE and the MONIDA ROUTE. The equip- ment is new, and the service perfect. Send four cents postage to D. E. Bur- ley, Salt Lake City, for copy of ele- gant Yellowstone folder. Mercur, UTAH'S GREAT GOLD CAMP, Can be visited, and a return made to Salt Lake City, the same day. The ride over the little Salt Lake & Mercur Railway, as it creeps over the Oquirrh range, will well repay you, and a visit to Mercur, the home of the largest cyanide mill in the United States, if not in the world, will give an insight into the unique method employed for the extraction of gold. and All the Great Mining Districts are only or best reached via the Oregon Short Line. Sixteen Passenger Trains arrive and leave Salt Lake City daily over the Oregon Short Line, affording the very best service between points in Utah. D. E. BURLEY, G. P. & T. A. SAL.T S. W. ECCLES, Gen'l Traffic Manager. CITY, \K KIN KK CANAL. l.l N i; x \II.KO\II. 0co. Q. Cannon $ Sons Company II and u main Street Salt Cake City, Utah Leading Publishers of mormon Books Day and Sunday School Supplies Stationery and Printing new and Complete Catalogue Tree on flpplication next Door nortb of Z. . m. T.