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 PUBLISHED BY 
 
 The New-Columbia Pdbushing Oa 
 
 FINDLAY, OfflO, U.S.A.
 
 C»^A^ 
 
 
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 f' 
 
 CA_ 
 
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 THE LIBRARY 
 
 OF 
 
 THE UNIVERSITY 
 
 OF CALIFORNIA 
 
 LOS ANGELES 
 
 GIFT OF 
 
 lies, Ben ■:. L'.nclsey 
 
 
 u
 
 THE NEW COLUMBIA 
 OR THE RE-UNITED STATES
 
 THE 
 
 NEW COLUMBIA 
 
 OR THE 
 
 RE-UNITED STATES 
 
 BY 
 
 PATRICK QUINN TANGENT 
 
 FINDLAY, OHIO 
 
 NEW COLUMBIA PUBLISHING CO. 
 
 1909
 
 Copyright 
 
 George H. Phelps 
 
 1909 
 
 All Rights Reserved. 
 
 ffiijf fLafergilie ^rrBB 
 
 R. R. DONNELLEY & SONS COMPANY 
 CHICAGO
 
 EDeDication, 
 
 TO THE BLESSED MEMORY OF HIM WHO SPAKE AS NEVER MAN SPOKE, 
 
 YET HAD NOT WHERE TO LAY HIS HEAD; 
 
 WHO GAVE HIS LIFE THAT ALL MAY KNOW THE TRUTH 
 
 AND LIVE, HERE AND HEREAFTER; 
 
 TO THE MARTYRS TO HUMAN LIBERTY AND EQUALlTv IN ALL AGES, 
 
 AND TO ALL FOR WHOM THESE GREAT SACRIFICES 
 
 WERE MADE, THIS LITTLE WRITING 
 
 IS REVERENTLY AND LOVINGLY DEDICATED 
 
 BY ITS MOST UNWORTHY AUTHOR. 
 
 1106142
 
 PREFACE 
 
 THE author of this little booklet, if indeed it shall ever be 
 born alive into this world of many letters, has devoted 
 something over thirty years of his life to what is called the 
 practice of law. 
 
 Law, in its just significance, should be defined as the expression 
 of universal justice; and the practice of law should involve only 
 the details of the process by which that justice is accomplished : 
 But, unfortunately for the profession, and still more unfortunately 
 for society, it has, full oftener than otherwise, become the science 
 by which a client is enabled to have his own way. In this aspect 
 of the science of legal practice, the practitioner has very little 
 opportunity for rendering to the society at large any just or fair 
 equivalent for the benefits which he derives from being permitted 
 to live in the world and mingle with his fellow mortals. 
 
 It is with a view of trying to give to this, and coming genera- 
 tions, some measure of return for social advantages which the 
 author has enjoyed that this work is undertaken. 
 
 If it shall, in the just estimate of its readers, be thought to even 
 this score, and justly compensate the world for the trouble which 
 the author has unwittingly occasioned, it will have met all of his 
 expectations. 
 
 P. Q. T. 
 
 Vll
 
 CONTENTS 
 
 Lands and 
 
 I. The Pleasure Excursion 
 
 II. The New Government . 
 
 III. The Standard of Value and the Government 
 
 Currency .... 
 
 IV. Our Foreign Policy 
 V. The Land 
 
 VI. Railroads 
 
 VII. Telegraphs and Telephones . 
 
 VIII. Highways ..... 
 
 IX. Internal Improvements of Government 
 
 Waterways .... 
 
 X. Electricity ..... 
 
 XI. Charity 
 
 XII. Fuel and Lights .... 
 
 XIII. Staple Agricultural Products 
 
 XIV. Education ..... 
 XV. Criminal Laws and Penal Institutions 
 
 XVI. Government Buildings; Assumption 
 
 Debts .... 
 
 XVII. Townships .... 
 
 XVIII. The County .... 
 
 XIX. The State .... 
 
 XX. Government Offices Generally 
 
 XXI. Legal Conveyancing 
 
 XXII. The Practice of Law 
 
 XXIII. Religion 
 
 XXIV. Insurance .... 
 XXV. Fire Protection 
 
 XXVI. Municipalities 
 
 XXVII. Hospitals for the Insane 
 
 XXVIII. Industrial Schools 
 
 XXIX. Taxation .... 
 
 XXX. The Public Health 
 
 XXXI. The Peace of Society 
 
 XXXII. Intoxicants and Alcoholic Liquors 
 
 OF Public
 
 CONTENTS 
 
 XXXIII. Legislative and Judicial Fitoctions of the Re 
 
 United States . 
 
 XXXIV. Inventions and Copyrights 
 XXXV. The International Marriage 
 
 XXXVI. The Transition 
 
 XXXVII. The Retiirn of the Pilgrims 
 
 XXXVIII. Double Entry Books of the Government 
 
 XXXIX. The Financier 
 
 XL. The Election of Money and its Candidates 
 
 XLI. The General Clearing-House 
 
 XLII. The Effect upon the Individual Energy 
 
 Initiative .... 
 
 XLIII. The Way It Came About . 
 
 XLIV. Fault of the System, not of the People 
 
 48 
 50 
 51 
 S3 
 
 57 
 61 
 64 
 68 
 
 83 
 87 
 93
 
 INTRODUCTION 
 
 WHILE it may not be verified by any translation of the 
 Book of Genesis, we have reason to beheve that our 
 first parents were shoved out of the Garden of Eden 
 backward : and that none of their descendants have ever yet dis- 
 covered the necessity, or propriety, of facing about. 
 
 They seem to have gone through life with their eyes to the 
 scenes and their ears to the echoes of the past. Our literature, and 
 the curriculum of our educational institutions are made up very 
 largely of the history of persons and events long agone. We send 
 our sons to College at the risk of their health, their morals, and in 
 these days of hazing and football, their lives and limbs — and 
 what for? To learn dead languages, and the history of dead 
 things. To learn how man has undertaken in the past to divide 
 God's footstool and man's habitation, by some arbitrary rule, and 
 without God's authority, into fragments and sections. 
 
 From which, and as incident to these divisions of His realm, 
 they have attempted to parcel out His Sovereignty to rulers, kings, 
 potentates, and so-called governments. In short, the Alpha and 
 Omega of so-called education to day has to do almost solely with 
 the dead, and what might well be, the forgotten past. 
 
 With this sort of mental training and discipline, it is not at all 
 remarkable that we jump at the conclusion that the older a thing 
 or an institution, the better and safer it is; whereas, in actual 
 practice, we discover that the universal trend of all things is tow- 
 ard improvement, and that essential perfection is the ultimate des- 
 tiny of all things. 
 
 The history of the past is but an endless sequence and succes- 
 sion of mistakes and injustices, both of men, and of institutions, 
 and the only conceivable use of its study is to avoid its errors. It 
 
 I
 
 2 INTRODUCTION 
 
 is high time that all men and all nations adopt the precept of 
 Paul, the great, if not the greatest, Apostle, when he said, "Breth- 
 ren, I count not myself to have apprehended : But this one thing 
 I do, forgetting those things which are behind, and reaching forth 
 unto those things which are before, I press toward the mark for 
 the prize of the high calling of God in Christ Jesus." 
 
 So far as it is given us to know of the economy of nature, or 
 the will of nature's God, this orb was fashioned for man's habita- 
 tion. The beneficence of nature fully warrants the conclusion 
 that it was the divine purpose that man should be happy, " In the 
 land which the Lord, thy God, giveth thee." And it only remains 
 for man to adjust and provide the conditions around and about 
 him, and use the means which nature has provided in beneficent 
 profusion, to accomplish this happy consummation. 
 
 The author received what little education he has upon a dairy 
 farm in process of improvement from primeval forest, where 
 most of the family worked most of the time in farm or internal 
 improvement; those who so labored were appreciated as fully 
 as those who served to produce the necessaries of the family and 
 the marketable commodities which the farm produced. We all 
 ate at the same board, traded at the store upon the family fund, 
 no matter in what department each applied his service. The 
 elder sister taught the family school, and the father done the 
 family preaching and philosophizing, and all were regarded as of 
 equal value in the social and industrial economy of the family. 
 
 That is almost the only experience, the only training of which 
 the author can conceive which will develop either statesmen or 
 social or political economists ; and that school lays the foundations 
 for rugged physical constitutions, and furnishes the essential 
 ground plan of pure democratic, republican government. 
 
 We have on this continent of North America, and in these 
 United States, a land dedicated by the blood of patriot fathers 
 and the sacrifice of sainted mothers to the shrine of social, political
 
 INTRODUCTION 3 
 
 and industrial liberty. A land wherein the voice of the people is 
 the voice of God, wherein it is both possible and practicable to 
 make our government, and keep it, what we desire that it should 
 be. That voice and that arm of this people is circumscribed by no 
 power. We have no constitution, no law, and no institution but 
 that we can renew and reform, as often as the majority voice of 
 this people declare and demand. 
 
 More than a century gone, our illustrious forefathers discov- 
 ered and declared that all men were created equal and equally 
 endowed by their Creator; and it is surely going to be discovered, 
 ere long, that our mothers, our wives, our sisters, our daughters, 
 and our sweethearts, were created by the same process, and about 
 the same time, and that they are joint beneficiaries with men in all 
 the bounties of creation. 
 
 Therefore, "forgetting those things which are behind, and 
 reaching forth unto those things which are before," let us all face 
 about and look forward, and not backward, for this has been the 
 fundamental mistake of the great majority of mankind. 
 
 By way of conclusion to this brief introductory chapter, we may 
 say that it is the purpose of this work to record our prophecy as 
 to what this people of the United States, and the Canadian 
 provinces, are going to do in the near future, and point out the 
 practical results which are to follow in the social, industrial, and 
 economic life of the people who rule this nation.
 
 CHAPTER I 
 
 THE PLEASURE EXCURSION 
 
 THEY will assemble at the various seaports bordering the 
 United States and Canadian possessions in North America 
 all of the war vessels and all craft suitable for navigating 
 the high seas: And they will mobilize at these various seaports 
 all persons who are unwilling to do, with their hands or brain, 
 their fair share of all the service, of every sort and description, 
 necessary to produce and distribute the necessaries and comforts 
 of life, and beautify, improve and adorn this North American con- 
 tinent to the utmost limit of its capacity and fertility; to make it 
 in truth, as well as in name, a land of personal, rehgious, and indus- 
 trial liberty, with equal rights and opportunities to all, and with 
 special privileges to none. 
 
 Especially will they so mobilize all practical politicians, and all 
 men and women who are so constituted, as that they are content, 
 by any process, to live in idleness by the labor and sacrifice of 
 their fellow mortals. 
 
 They will convey to these ships, all the gold and silver, and all 
 forms of money, and all obligations which pass current as 
 money; and such metal money as cannot be used for ballast 
 will be loaded in transports and mudscows to insure its depor- 
 tation, and attached in tow to the various fleets. 
 
 These ships will be commissioned to land at all the seaports of 
 all the countries of the old world with the people thus mobilized, 
 who will be invited to embark and enjoy a pleasure excursion to 
 such foreign lands as they may desire to visit ; and the moneys so 
 deported will be unloaded at the several ports by the several fleets, 
 in the proportion in which the several excursionists desire to land, 
 for their use during their stay aboard, where they will be the guests 
 
 5
 
 6 THE NEW COLUMBIA 
 
 of the royality and aristocracy of all the foreign powers until they 
 shall desire to return to the land of Liberty, and of equal rights, 
 responsibilities, and opportunities. 
 
 On the return voyage, these ships will be ballasted with iron, 
 coal, lead, copper, and all useful metals (not precious), and will, 
 bring to our shores the unemployed and oppressed of all foreign 
 lands who desire to come and establish a home in God's land of 
 freedom, who are willing to do their fair share of the work of mak- 
 ing this land, and keeping it, for all future generations a fit habi- 
 tation for husband, wife and children. 
 
 The men and women who perform the actual labor of navigat- 
 ing this craft of pleasure seekers, and of feeding them enroute, and 
 ministering to their wants and washing their dirty linen, will on 
 their return to this land of human equality be rewarded by the 
 government which will be established during their stay abroad at 
 the uniform rate of five so-called dollars for each six hour day's 
 service, account of which will be kept and returned by the chief 
 stoker of each vessel comprising the several fleets, and will be paid 
 in government '^ certificates of service," which will be the only cir- 
 culating medium of the government. 
 
 CHAPTER II 
 
 THE NEW GOVERNMENT 
 
 AS soon as these ships shall have cleared the ports and are out 
 of sight of our shores, the people will establish a new seat 
 of government for the territory now included within the 
 United States and the Canadian Provinces, which will be located 
 on the Missouri River, not far from Sioux City, Iowa, as near as 
 possible to the geographical center of the territory within its juris- 
 diction and domain.
 
 THE NEW COLUMBIA 7 
 
 The Canadian Provinces will be divided by imaginary lines 
 corresponding to the several states of the American Union, and 
 sub-divided in like manner into counties and townships, in square 
 form so nearly as practicable; and the several states of the old 
 union will be readjusted in the same manner and the name of 
 the new nation will be "THE RE-UNITED STATES OF 
 AMERICA." 
 
 All governmental powers and functions, legislative, executive 
 administrative, and judicial, will be vested in a board or congress 
 of Governors; two of whom, one man, and one woman, shall be 
 elected every year by the electors of each state; and all citizens, 
 male and female, above the age of eighteen years who shall have 
 resided for one year within the state of their residence, will be 
 electors, qualified to vote at all elections, and upon all questions of 
 public interest which shall come before the people. 
 
 The Governors shall be maintained at the seat of government 
 at the public expense, and shall be paid at the rate of five dollars 
 for each six hour day's service devoted to the public business; and 
 shall be in continuous annual session, beginning on the first Mon- 
 day in January of each year, but may adjourn, or recess, as often 
 as the public business will, in their judgment, justly permit. 
 
 The proceedings of the governors shall be public; and they 
 shall provide, and keep, and publish, a government record wherein 
 they shall record all of their proceedings, including all debates, and 
 all votes, and all statutes, orders and decrees, a copy of which shall 
 be preserved in the archives at the seat of government and a 
 copy of which shall be bound periodically, properly indexed, and 
 filed in a county library in each county of the Re-United States, 
 and in every educational institution established and maintained 
 by the government ; and every citizen may receive the current 
 government record by daily mail at the subscription price of one 
 dollar a year. 
 
 The government, as so embodied, shall enact, promote, and
 
 8 THE NEW COLUMBIA 
 
 execute all such laws, orders, and governmental edicts as in the 
 judgment of a majority of the governors elected to said body shall 
 from time to time seem necessary to accomplish the object of popu- 
 lar self-government, as specified in the declaration of American 
 Independence and the preamble of the Federal compact of 1787, 
 and to accomplish, perfect, operate, and maintain the political, 
 social, and industrial conditions hereinafter outlined, and such 
 others, as in the evolution of society, and the arts and sciences, 
 shall, in the view of these governmental agencies, seem necessary 
 to secure the liberty and equal rights and opportunities of all the 
 subjects of government. 
 
 They will adopt and promulgate a code of uniform general 
 laws which shall apply and operate universally throughout the 
 territorial domain, to be known as the Revised Statutes of the Re- 
 United States, the first section of the first chapter of which shall 
 read as follows: "THEREFORE, ALL THINGS WHATSO- 
 EVER YE WOULD THAT MEN SHOULD DO TO YOU, 
 DO YE EVEN SO TO THEM: FOR THIS IS THE LAW 
 AND THE PROPHETS." 
 
 The government shall never delegate to any other man or body 
 of men the legislative power; but they may delegate all other 
 functions, except that they shall be the final ultimate tribunal to 
 sit in judgment upon the natural rights of every subject which 
 involves any element of personal liberty; and they will provide 
 by law for an appeal to them from every inferior judicial function, 
 or functionary, in all such cases.
 
 THE NEW COLUMBIA 
 
 CHAPTER III 
 
 THE STANDARD OF VALUE AND THE GOVERN- 
 MENT CURRENCY 
 
 THEY will establish a legal standard of value which shall 
 consist of a six hour days service, upon which they will fix 
 an arbitrary exchange value of five dollars. They will 
 establish a government bureau of engraving and printing, whereat 
 they will manufacture government service certificates, in quanti- 
 ties and denominations suitable at all times for the convenent use 
 of the people in the exchange of the various products and results 
 of individual effort, and the payment of those who serve in the 
 various departments of the public service. 
 
 These certificates shall be engraved in the manner substan- 
 tially in which gold certificates are now constructed, according to 
 the various tastes of the artisans and designers among the people ; 
 they shall portray the faces of the statesmen and patriots of this 
 nation past, present and future, including at all times, those of 
 Washington, Lincoln, John Brown, and Harriet Beecher Stowe. 
 
 These certificates will be a legal tender in discharge of all obli- 
 gations, public and private, except such as remain unliquidated by 
 the deportation of all the money, and most of the people who claim 
 to own it ; but, if any creditor coming to our shores, wants gold 
 coin in payment of his demands, and we cannot satisfy him with 
 staple products, we will dig in the earth, and lubricate the minting 
 machinery, and grind out for him to his satisfaction ; there will be 
 credit in individual transactions, and no usury, for there will 
 always be cash. 
 
 All persons performing service, except for themselves, and 
 upon their own domain, and in their own devices, will be paid for 
 such service in current service certificates, at the established legal
 
 lo THE NEW COLUMBIA 
 
 standard of the value of service ; and aside from their ornamenta- 
 tion, these certificates will simply recite that the bearer has per- 
 formed a service equal to the denomination, in figures, and other- 
 wise, appearing upon the certificate. 
 
 For public convenience, and as a place of safe deposit, there 
 will be established in every county one or more government banks 
 in which will be kept adequate stores of government currency; 
 which bank shall be conducted as an adjunct of the post office; 
 and all persons performing service payable by the government, 
 shall be paid through the local bank, and the United States banks 
 shall be permitted to loan currrency to the individual upon ap- 
 proved security, without interest, for the construction of his home 
 and its adornment, and such individual enterprises as he, or she, 
 may desire to pursue. 
 
 CHAPTER IV 
 
 OUR FOREIGN POLICY 
 
 THEY will maintain no embassies or foreign consulates and 
 no governmental institutions or enterprises abroad, except 
 upon the expressed invitation of the majority of the citi- 
 zens of such nations, and then only for the purposes of social and 
 commercial interchange which shall involve no element of profit. 
 They will impose no impost duties. They will give their sur- 
 plus product to any foreign people at the cost of their production, 
 and transportation, according to our economic statistics, and if 
 they can produce more than they need, and furnish it to our people 
 cheaper than we can produce it, we will gladly receive it. We will 
 deal justly and liberally with all foreign nations and peoples. We 
 will give their citizens who come among us all the rights, protec- 
 tion and privileges which we accord to our own citizens.
 
 THE NEW COLUMBIA ii 
 
 We will continue in the future, as in the past, to furnish an 
 asylum for the oppressed of all lands. We will naturalize all for- 
 eign subjects who will come among us, at the expiration of one 
 year after they shall have come, declaring their purpose to become 
 citizens. If anybody with an honest heart and purpose wishes to 
 come and adopt our country as his home, and assist to beautify our 
 land and make it a fit habitation for husband, wife and children, 
 we shall welcome them with kind hospitality and help them all we 
 can; and if we get crowded too much, we have little doubt that we 
 may purchase waste land of foreign nations to establish indepen- 
 dent colonies. 
 
 Foreign nations will be welcome to maintain consulates and 
 embassies in our country for any just purpose, which such gov- 
 ernmental agencies will ever serve ; and we will do all in our power 
 to establish and forever maintain an enduring peace with ail 
 nations and all peoples. 
 
 CHAPTER V 
 
 THE LAND 
 
 WE will declare that "the earth (that is, our part of it) is 
 the Lord's and the kingdoms thereof, " but that man 
 having been commanded to subdue, multiply and re- 
 plenish it, has a possessory right to the temporary exclusive occu- 
 pancy of such portion of it as he needs for his home, and the just 
 pursuit of the business in social economy which he has a taste and 
 capacity to conduct ; but that all forms of private monopoly are 
 both unjust and intolerable, and will be discouraged and destroyed 
 to the full extent possible in sovereign popular government. 
 
 We shall provide for each county in the commonwealth a gov- 
 ernment land agency, presided over by an officer of the Re-United
 
 12 THE NEW COLUMBIA 
 
 States, who shall have charge of the land records within that county 
 wherein shall be kept a record of all transfers and encumbrances 
 of possessory rights and improvements thereof. He shall be 
 officially known as the Recorder of the Re-United States for that 
 County. 
 
 All persons shall record at this agency, under the direction of 
 the county surveyor, a pertinent description of all land by him or 
 her personally occupied as a home, or actually used in their busi- 
 ness ; for which land may be actually used, which shall be the limit 
 of his, or her, individual holdings; and this will be subject to sale, 
 or encumbrance by the person registering the same, and may be 
 transmitted by testamentary instrument, or in its absence, will 
 descend to the heirs at law. 
 
 No person will be permitted to hold land for speculative pur- 
 poses, nor to levy or collect rent ; and all unoccupied land shall be 
 in the control at all times of the county land agency and may be 
 settled by actual occupation and registry at any time. And when- 
 ever the occupant of any registered land shall abandon the actual 
 occupancy, or actual use, as above specified, for the period of one 
 year, so that it shall have remained unused or unoccupied for one 
 year, it shall then be subject to entry and record by any person 
 who may desire to enter, occupy and use it and make lawful record 
 thereof. 
 
 It will be the duty of the county surveyor to survey and record 
 the survey of all locations, so as to fix and determine the lines and 
 boundaries thereof. The county land recorder, and the county 
 surveyor shall be elected annually by the electors of the county; 
 they will be permitted to employ such assistants from time to time 
 as they may require in the performance of their duties and they 
 shall keep a strict account of the service which they render, meas- 
 ured by six hour days, and shall be paid like their assistants, by 
 the government cashier, upon the approval of the local auditor 
 at the lawful uniform rate for which all service is rewarded.
 
 THE NEW COLUMBIA 13 
 
 CHAPTER VI 
 
 RAILROADS 
 
 THEY will construct, equip, operate, and maintain with the 
 greatest efficiency and security a system of trunk lines 
 traversing the entire domain, North and South, East and 
 West, with intersecting branches affording convenient means of 
 passenger and commodity transportation to all parts of the coun- 
 try as fast as they are settled ; and all service in the construction, 
 operation and maintenance shall be under the jurisdiction of the 
 Transportation Department to be provided for by general law; 
 and all persons in the transportation and storage departments 
 shall be paid out of government funds from the government treas- 
 urer, and rates of transportation shall be established by the de- 
 partment from time to time at the actual cost of the service 
 as determined by economic statistics. One market will be the 
 same as all others and there will be little occasion for individual 
 transportation of products. 
 
 CHAPTER VII 
 
 TELEGRAPHS AND TELEPHONES 
 
 THE government will establish lines of telegraph wire and 
 wireless, and telephones, whichever is most convenient or 
 economic, upon the lines of all railroads and other public 
 thoroughfares, and instruments will be installed and operated 
 and exchanges maintained, in connection with the Postal Depart- 
 ment ; and all such service shall be free, except that individuals 
 having telephones in their homes shall pay the government the
 
 14 THE NEW COLUMBIA 
 
 cost of their construction, and all persons in the telegraph and tele- 
 phone service shall be paid locally, and shall be under civil service 
 rules, and their compensation shall be the same as that paid for all 
 service. 
 
 CHAPTER VIII 
 
 HIGHWAYS 
 
 A LL highways shall be under the jurisdiction of the govern- 
 /—\ ment and shall be surveyed, opened, improved and kept 
 •*- ^ in the very best condition possible under the control of the 
 Bureau of Government highways. There will be a highway com- 
 missioner elected annually by the electors of each township, who 
 shall employ all labor needed to make and maintain and improve 
 all needed highways within the township, which shall be laid out 
 by the county surveyor with reference to the highways entering 
 from foreign counties; and material for highway construction in 
 all parts of the domain will be shipped by the operatives of the 
 government railroads ; and the government will, through its appro- 
 priate bureau, provide for the supply and shipment of all needed 
 highway material, and all service in all departments of highway 
 construction and maintenance will be paid at the legal standard of 
 value established by law and paid at stated intervals by the gov- 
 ernment bank, on the approval of the local auditor where the ser- 
 vice is rendered.
 
 THE NEW COLUMBIA 15 
 
 CHAPTER IX 
 
 INTERNAL IMPROVEMENTS OF GOVERNMENT LANDS 
 AND WATERWAYS 
 
 \ LL unoccupied, unentered land will be regarded as govern- 
 /— \ ment land under the control and jurisdiction of the general 
 land department ; and that department will provide for 
 the reclamation, irrigation, and fertilization of all such land; and 
 extend transportation facilities to such land as fast as they are 
 needed for actual settlement. This department, or some adjunct 
 thereof, will have the control of all waterways, rivers and harbors, 
 and shall conduct their improvement in all ways known to 
 engineering science to promote their utility and their beauty, and 
 such service in all departments shall be rewarded at the standard 
 rate and in the same manner. 
 
 CHAPTER X 
 
 ELECTRICITY 
 
 THE government will establish a bureau of electricity and 
 electrical engineering. They will construct upon any, and 
 all available water powers, in the domain of the com- 
 monwealth, plants for the generation of electricity, and where 
 water power is not available, they will supply other forms; and 
 they will supply electric power for all purposes, public and private, 
 for which electricity shall prove efficient, and fix and maintain 
 a just and uniform rate of charge for all power or light delivered 
 by the government for purely private use ; but they shall extend 
 the service to all available sections of the commonwealth as fast 
 as it is practical to do so ; and all service in this department shall 
 be rewarded in the same measure and paid in the same way.
 
 i6 THE NEW COLUMBIA 
 
 CHAPTER XI 
 
 CHARITY 
 
 THERE will be no public charity, for where distributive 
 justice prevails, there will be no ofiQce for charity to 
 perform. The human family, and each of its members, 
 are justly responsible for the social conditions which call for the 
 application of what the world has come to designate as practical 
 charity ; and every application of it is a virtual confession of a 
 violation of humanitarian duty. Verily, the whole human family 
 must some day give affirmative answer to their first self-imposed 
 inquiry, "Am I my brothers keeper?" 
 
 CHAPTER XH 
 
 FUEL AND LIGHTS 
 
 THE government will establish a department of fuel and 
 lights, through which they will operate and develop all 
 coal mines, oil mines, and conduct experiments for dis- 
 covering, developing, and transporting all kinds of fuel for all pur- 
 poses public and private ; which will be placed within the reach of 
 all citizens, and for the supply of all public use ; the cost to the 
 private consumer to be fixed by a just economic cost of production 
 and transportation, which shall be uniform to all consumers with- 
 out reference to the distance from which it is transported, as the 
 rate imposed will be based upon the economic cost of the entire 
 fuel department.
 
 THE NEW COLUMBIA 17 
 
 CHAPTER XIII 
 
 STAPLE AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS 
 
 WHILE it will be the policy of the government to encour- 
 age all individual enterprise by those desiring to con- 
 duct the same by their own efforts, with such service as 
 they can employ at the standard value of individual service, in 
 view of the manifest economy of large scale operations, it is appre- 
 hended that the greater part of the agricultural products will be 
 produced through the government agencies. To that end, there 
 will be a government agricultural department which will conduct 
 the business of producing and distributing agricultural products to 
 all township seats of the domain, and these agricultural stations 
 will be established and maintained in the different localities of the 
 domain with reference to soil and climate adapted to their culture 
 to the best possible state of perfection, and these agricultural sta- 
 tions will be operated and maintained, for the most part, by, and in 
 connection with agricultural schools for the training and education 
 of the youth desiring to learn the art of agriculture. But the agri- 
 cultural activity of the government will be limited so far as prac- 
 ticable to securing an adequate supply of agricultural products for 
 the needs of the people, thereby supplying any deficiency which 
 may result from the failure or inadequacy of individual enterprise, 
 in that most usejul of all human economies.
 
 i8 THE NEW COLUMBIA 
 
 CHAPTER XIV 
 
 EDUCATION 
 
 THERE will be established in every township inhabited by 
 sufficient of the people of suitable age to justify, such num- 
 ber of primary schools as the electors thereof may from 
 time to time determine upon ; which will be maintained at govern- 
 ment expense. And in each county of the state, there will be one 
 or more government high schools, as the extent of population shall 
 render necessary ; which shall provide free tuition for all scholars 
 of school age, and free maintenance for any, who by misadven- 
 ture, are unable to find homes with the people residing accessible 
 to such schools. 
 
 There will also be established at suitable locations in different 
 and suitable localities throughout the domain of the inhabited 
 commonwealth, industrial schools, with free maintenance, so that 
 every graduate of the high school, and all persons under thirty 
 years of age may attend these schools ; and assist, to graduation, in 
 the work thereof ; and there learn to do and perform competently 
 and intelligently, whatever class of service is performed in all de- 
 partments of industry conducted within any part of the domain of 
 the commonwealth. All of the high and industrial schools shall 
 maintain a government library, which shall contain, among other 
 things, all laws in force in the domain which are written, and the 
 government records, and they shall be taught as a part of the cur- 
 riculum of said school. 
 
 There will be government colleges and institutions of higher, 
 and highest, so-called education, maintained at government ex- 
 pense free of tuition but not of maintenance, whereat any gradu- 
 ate of high schools may learn anything that is taught anywhere, by 
 anybody, which he, or she, may feel like wasting their time upon.
 
 THE NEW COLUMBIA 19 
 
 Where they can get the history, to the minutest frazzle of every 
 dead language that ever died, and every decomposed atom that 
 ever disturbed the justice and peace of mankind, from the time 
 Adam and Eve backed out of the garden, down to the deportation 
 of the disturbing elements which left our shores the day the new 
 nation was born. 
 
 CHAPTER XV 
 
 CRIMINAL LAWS AND PENAL INSTITUTIONS 
 
 THERE will be elected in each township at each annual 
 election two justices of the peace ; one of whom shall be a 
 father and the other a mother, but both shall not belong 
 to the same family. There shall also be elected two conservators 
 of the public peace of like opposite sex and different families, 
 who shall be the executive officers of the local township courts. 
 
 Each conservator shall be provided, at government expense, 
 with an iron cage which shall be eight feet square, and capable of 
 being moved to suit the exigencies of the public business, and 
 which shall contain a bunk with a change of bedding suited to the 
 climatic conditions. It shall have a lock, and a key shall be kept 
 and worn publicly on the person of each conservator, which shall 
 be the insignia of the office. 
 
 There shall be but one criminal law for the realm, and it shall 
 read in substance as follows, to wit : — Any person of the age of 
 discretion who shall do any deliberate or wilful act to injure the 
 person, property, or good name of any other person, or who shall 
 wilfully and deliberately omit to do and perform any kindly ser- 
 vice to a fellow mortal, or animal in distress, or who will treat 
 any animal with cruelty or injustice, shall be guilty of a misde- 
 meanor.
 
 20 THE NEW COLUMBIA 
 
 Upon the written complaint of any person duly sworn or af- 
 firmed before any magistrate of the township, such justice shall 
 issue his warrant for the apprehension]of the offender, who shall 
 be arrested by a conservator, or any person deputized by him, or 
 her, for that purpose and brought before the magistrate. Such 
 person may be apprehended without warrant by any person who 
 may witness the offense and taken at once before one of the mag- 
 istrates. If such person enter a plea of guilty, he shall be sen- 
 tenced to ten days' service of the government, and the conserva- 
 tor shall deliver the prisoner to the custody of the superintendent 
 of public works operating nearest the place of apprehension. If 
 guilt is denied, the magistrate shall summon a jury of six electors 
 to try the offender, which jurors shall be the judges of both the 
 law and facts, and if the offender shall be adjudged guilty by a 
 majority of the jurors impanelled to try him, he shall be sen- 
 tenced in like manner. 
 
 If the offense be one which destroys or menaces human life or 
 limb or inflicts physical bodily injury, the defendant shall be com- 
 mitted to the government hospital for the insane located nearest 
 the place of apprehension, there to remain until paroled or dis- 
 charged as cured; the people recognizing the pathological truth 
 that all conditions susceptible to conduct theretofore denominated 
 crime, manifests a specie of mania, and needs to be treated accord- 
 ingly. 
 
 Threats of personal violence, and all exhibitions of temper, 
 likely to become uncontrollable, on the part of all persons above 
 the age of fifteen years, shall be regarded as premonitory symp- 
 toms of mania, and shall be investigated by the local magistrates 
 and conservators of public peace and safety ; and if, on investiga- 
 tion they shall prove menacing, such victims shall be committed to 
 the nearest hospital for the treatment of all such unfortunates. 
 
 There will be no code defining crime, but all acts of dishonesty 
 or immorality will be recognized as evidencing mental and moral
 
 THE NEW COLUMBIA 21 
 
 depravity, as distinct pathological species of insanity; and per- 
 sons afflicted with any condition, or manifestation of that disorder, 
 will be confined, or restrained and treated to ultimate recovery, if 
 possible, by any process known to science. 
 
 The following acts will be treated as conclusive evidence of a 
 dangerous form of mental and moral abberration, needing a thor- 
 ough and systematic course of treatment in governmental hospitals 
 for the cure of insanity : Counterfeiting the government currency, 
 deliberate fraud or dishonesty in any department of the public 
 service, electioneering for office in the public service for any elective 
 office or position in the government employ (outside the civil ser- 
 vice), all forms of bribery to effect the election of the person to 
 any elective or appointive position, all forms of deliberate fraud 
 designed, or affecting to secure advantage of another, all deliber- 
 ate acts performed or attempted which result, or are calculated 
 to result, in injury to the person, property, or reputation of any 
 citizen. 
 
 CHAPTER XVI 
 
 GOVERNMENT BUILDINGS. ASSUMPTION OF 
 PUBLIC DEBTS 
 
 ALL public buildings, state, county, township, school and 
 municipal, will belong to the government ; which will as- 
 sume all of the public debts of those hitherto political sub- 
 divisions; and these buildings will be used and remodeled, and 
 others constructed as the needs of the people require. 
 
 The District of Columbia, so called, will forever be preserved 
 as a government museum. Its buildings, and statues will be 
 embalmed and mummyized, and preserved as a lasting memorial 
 of the monarchial, aristocratic, un-democratic tendencies and obli-
 
 22 THE NEW COLUMBIA 
 
 quities of the nineteenth century; an enduring monument to the 
 folly of partisan politics; and the so-called White House will be 
 the depository of billy possums and teddy bears. 
 
 CHAPTER XVII 
 
 TOWNSHIPS 
 
 THE elective government officers of each township will be a 
 mayor, two magistrates, two conservators, one auditor, 
 and one supervisor of public works (highways), and a pres- 
 ident and cashier of each government bank outside of county seat, 
 each of whom shall be elected annually by the electors of that 
 township. These officers will take the oath of office, but will give 
 no official bond ; they will be authorized to employ all such assist- 
 ants, temporary or permanent, as the public business of their re- 
 spective departments shall require. 
 
 The mayor shall have charge of all government buildings with- 
 in his township, and shall have concurrent jurisdiction with the 
 justices of the peace, and the conservators will execute his pro- 
 cess. 
 
 The supervisor of public works shall have charge of all public 
 works in his township, except such as shall be under the direction 
 of the government bureau of public internal improvement, and he 
 may employ all assistants necessary to keep the public ways, build- 
 ings and property within his township in order and repair. 
 
 The auditor will examine and approve all accounts of all other 
 township officers, who will present to him weekly an itemized 
 statement of all service rendered by them and in their department, 
 at the standard fixed by the government in all departments of ser- 
 vice, which will be paid by the government cashier of the county. 
 
 The government will establish all post office, postal banks,
 
 THE NEW COLUMBIA 23 
 
 and telegraph and telephone exchanges, and all transportation 
 depots and exchanges within the township but the post and depot 
 master therein, and the president and cashier of all government 
 banks outside of county seat shall be elected by the people of the 
 township, and all employees shall be under civil service rules; 
 but shall be chosen, so far as possible, from the eligible lists made 
 up of residents of the township, and all service accounts within the 
 township shall be approved by the township government auditor 
 tor and paid by the government cashier of the county. 
 
 There will be maintained in the relative geographical center of 
 each settled township the f ollowng public building : a government 
 depot and department store convenient to the means of rail trans- 
 portation, wherein all products of service shall at all times be kept 
 for sale or exchange ; and where they will be taken by the govern- 
 ment at the standard economic value thereof, as fixed from time 
 to time by the government department of labor and transportation, 
 so that if the individual can get the staple necessities and luxuries 
 of life at the government department store better, or with less ser- 
 vice and greater economy than they can be produced in his locality, 
 he will be able to do so. 
 
 The government will at all times be advised of economic and 
 industrial conditions in all sections, and all department stores will 
 be amply provided. 
 
 There will be at such township centers buildings and ap- 
 pliances for all forms of healthful amusement and sport, and a 
 theater auditorium for all purposes of public lecture and amuse- 
 ment ; there will be lines of electric railroads, and all forms of solid 
 highway, by which the people may readily and conveniently have 
 means of conveyance at all times to the township center.
 
 24 THE NEW COLUMBIA 
 
 CHAPTER XVIII 
 
 THE COUNTY 
 
 EACH county seat will be located as nearly as possible at 
 the geographical center of the county, and the post office 
 and Postal Bank will be located thereat, and the several 
 townships will be served by rural post and package delivery 
 over good rural highways by electric and automobile conveyance 
 under the civil service of the government. 
 
 The county government officers elected by the electors will be 
 the president and cashier of the government bank for the county, 
 judge, auditor, recorder, and the surveyor or engineer, and the 
 assistants of all these officers will be under the civil service. 
 
 Women will, if electors, be eligible to all offices in government ; 
 these county officers shall take official oath, but no official bonds 
 will be required. 
 
 The post master will have charge of the government post office 
 supervising the outgoing and incoming mail, which will carry all 
 mailable matter weighing five pounds or less; all postal service 
 shall be free, subject to the reasonable rules of the government 
 postal department to provide against abuse of the service. 
 
 The county judge shall have exclusive jurisdiction of the pro- 
 bate of wills, record of which will be kept by the recorder, gen- 
 eral jurisdiction of equity to prevent trespasses to property, and 
 compel specific performance of contracts respecting property lo- 
 cated within the county and general jurisdiction in equity accord- 
 ing to that jurisprudence at the date of the formation of the new 
 government, and to grant divorces, and award the custody of chil- 
 dren, appoint guardians therefor and provide for their maintain- 
 ence, and to grant administration upon the estates of deceased 
 persons.
 
 THE NEW COLUMBIA 25 
 
 His court will be known as the Re-United States Court for his 
 county, and will hold annual session, which will be open at all 
 times when the public business requires it. He shall keep account 
 of his services and be compensated therefor at the established rate. 
 
 The county auditor will audit the personal accounts of all 
 township auditors, and will check up and file and preserve the 
 reports of all township auditors for three years from the audit 
 thereof, as a means of detecting and discovering any fraud, mis- 
 takes, or irregularity in any part of the public service within his 
 county. 
 
 The government cashier will have the control and manage- 
 ment of the postal bank located in the county, under the rules of 
 the banking department of the government, and he will examine 
 and approve the account of the county auditor and will receive, 
 disburse and account for the funds and revenues of the govern- 
 ment passing through the local bank under the rules of the depart- 
 ment. The president of all government banks will have general 
 supervision of the bank of which he is elected president and will 
 make weekly reports to the banking department of the government 
 under the rules thereof. 
 
 CHAPTER XIX 
 
 THE STATE 
 
 THERE will be no state governments. The elective officers 
 of the government within each state will be first, the two 
 Governors of the Re-United States; second, a superin- 
 tendent of each government industrial school, and each govern- 
 ment hospital for the treatment of the insane located within the 
 state, and third, five government visitors, all of whom shall be 
 elected annually by a majority vote of the electors.
 
 26 THE NEW COLUMBIA 
 
 The superintendents will be designated and elected for the 
 particular school or hospital located within the state ; and it shall 
 be their duty to superintend and manage such hospital under the 
 rules and regulations established by law and the department of the 
 general government under the jurisdiction of which they are 
 operated. 
 
 It shall be the duty of the government visitors to visit and in- 
 spect all governmental institutions within their state, and all other 
 states whenever in their opinion there is just reason to believe that 
 the efficiency or economy of the public service may be improved 
 thereby. It shall be the duty of each of said government visitors 
 to suggest from time to time to the board of governors and to the 
 head of all governmental departments any changes or improve- 
 ments which in their opinion will improve the efficiency or 
 economy of the public service. 
 
 CHAPTER XX 
 
 GOVERNMENT OFFICES GENERALLY 
 
 A LL officers of government will be elected by the people of 
 / \ the locality wherein they serve. They will swear to sup- 
 -^ ^ port the laws and obey the lawful command of any 
 superior officer in the department in which they serve, but no 
 official bonds will be required in any department of the public 
 service. All officers will be ex officio notaries public and author- 
 ized to administer oaths, and certify the acknowledgment of all 
 instruments entitled to record, which service will be rendered at 
 all reasonable times without charge. 
 
 The government will provide through the post office and 
 banking department to all government officers and employees an 
 annual service account book, wherein it will be the sworn duty of
 
 THE NEW COLUMBIA 27 
 
 each person to keep and enter a strict daily account of all public 
 service rendered by him and of all expenses paid by him in the 
 course of such service; and this book shall at all times be kept 
 upon his person, and be kept in duplicate, one to be all the time in 
 his possession, and he will leave them alternately with the auditor 
 approving his public accounts at the stated periods provided by 
 law; and at the expiration of his term of public office or service, 
 he will deliver the remaining duplicate to such auditor, and all 
 ofl&cers and employees in government service shall have their ser- 
 vice and expense account approved by the auditor of the town- 
 ship in which they reside, and the service of all of them shall be 
 compensated at the established legal rate, above specified. 
 
 Discharge from and future ineligibility to public office or ser- 
 vice, and involuntary treatment in government hospitals for the 
 deranged and degenerate will be the only direct consequence of 
 dishonesty, immorality, misfeasance or malfeasance in the public 
 office or service of the people and all government service in all 
 departments, except as to the elective officers herein provided for, 
 and such as the government shall hereafter provide for by general 
 law will be under the civil service rules of the general government. 
 
 CHAPTER XXI 
 
 LEGAL CONVEYANCING 
 
 THE government will provide through the postal or bank- 
 ing department approved forms and blanks for all forms 
 of conveyance and incumbrance of possessory rights relat- 
 ing to land ; and the recorder or surveyor of each county will 
 furnish the exact description of all lands in the county which are 
 entered for occupancy; and these conveyances shall be uniform 
 in character. Leases of lands will not be tolerated for any purpose
 
 28 THE NEW COLUMBIA 
 
 other than that of temporary care during the absence of the settler, 
 for which no rent can be reserved or exacted. 
 
 Every person desiring to use land, or erect structures of any 
 kind for his personal use will be provided with ample means there- 
 for by the government through the local bank, so that there will be 
 no occasion for the exaction of rents, and these have always been, 
 and always will be, so long as tolerated in the institutions of men 
 or angels, instruments of extortion, oppression and injustice, and 
 all these means and temptations will be forever removed from this 
 people. 
 
 Every person of adult age will have his own home, if he wishes 
 to maintain a home, and there will be little, if any, occacion for any 
 system of legal administration of the estates of deceased persons; 
 for aside form his home, he will have only personal effects, which, 
 if warned of the approach of dissolution, he may easily and readily 
 administer himself. His estate will consist of his home settlement 
 and his certificates of service, and there will be no temptation or 
 occasion for his children to bicker about his estate. 
 
 CHAPTER XXII 
 
 THE PRACTICE OF LAW 
 
 THE laws will be so simple, uniform, and easily understood, 
 the statutes, the debates of all public questions, and the 
 manner of their settlement will be in the government libra- 
 ries of each county, in all high schools, industrial schools, and 
 institutions of higher education and will be taught in such schools 
 as a part of the curriculum, obviously indispensible to good citi- 
 zenship. There will be no law, and no legal machinery for the 
 compulsory collection of debts ; and every person will secure their
 
 THE NEW COLUMBIA 29 
 
 individual favors upon his or her honor and credit as good citi- 
 zens; the loss of which, in the community in which they live and 
 move, would be inestimable, irretrievable, and intolerable, and 
 would be the most condign punishment which an outraged people 
 could possible contrive or inflict. 
 
 If a legal profession, as a distinct parasitic class could survive 
 so orderly and delectable a state of refined and civilized society, 
 its functions must necessarily be confined to giving advice as to 
 rights and duties among a people suffering under some dangerous 
 manifestation of mental and moral disorder requiring the attention 
 of the local magistrates and conservators. Goodby, Pettifogger, 
 you will do well to write your obituary and your epitaph, embalm 
 it with the billy possums in the government museum in the Dis- 
 trict of Columbia, and look for some department of useful service 
 in which you can make amends for the errors and indiscretions 
 of youth. 
 
 CHAPTER XXIII 
 
 RELIGION 
 
 NO religious tests will ever be adopted or applied, and no 
 form of worship prescribed or prohibited, and no day will 
 be set apart by law upon which religious observance will 
 be made compulsory ; but in all probability the people will con- 
 tinue to assemble for the most part on the first day of the week, 
 commonly called Sunday, by a natural human instinct, there to 
 worship the true and the living God, from whom all blessings flow; 
 and, that in His own time, that service, and that worship by all His 
 people will be after substantially the same form and fashion as 
 will naturally be dictated by the enlightened individual conscience. 
 Man made in the image of his Creator is necessarily a worshipper
 
 30 THE NEW COLUMBIA 
 
 of his Creator ; he cannot be otherwise, and he may as well confess 
 it before the world one time as another; if he is not religious he is 
 nothing. 
 
 CHAPTER XXIV 
 
 INSURANCE 
 
 THE government will insure all private dwelling houses and 
 the contents thereof against destruction and damage by- 
 fire, or other casualty at the actual cost as determined by 
 the statistics of the government insurance department. This 
 department will be in connection with the local bank, where poli- 
 cies will be provided by the government, which will describe the 
 building and contents, which the applicant will cause to be inven- 
 toried and appraised by two competent neighbors, which inventory 
 will be attached to a duplicate policy left with the bank; individ- 
 uals conducting private business of any description, owning busi- 
 ness buildings and combustible structures or material may take out 
 insurance on same in like manner. In case of loss, without the 
 fault of the owner, the government will restore the loss which will 
 be adjusted locally through the postal bank. There will be no 
 occasion for life insurance, and there will be none; there will, how- 
 ever, be government insurance against accident and physical in- 
 firmity at actual cost based on the statistics of the insurance 
 department.
 
 THE NEW COLUMBIA 31 
 
 CHAPTER XXV 
 
 FIRE PROTECTION 
 
 THE government will maintain at all county and town- 
 ship seats and at the seat of government and at all post 
 offices an efficient governmental fire department and ap- 
 paratus for the protection of life and property, which will include 
 most of the municipalities of the domain; this department will 
 be under the civil service. 
 
 CHAPTER XXVI 
 
 MUNICIPALITIES 
 
 MUNICIPAL corporations called cities will be provided 
 for by general uniform laws, but there will be no corpor- 
 ate officers, and no corporate government distinct from 
 that of the township in which such city is located. All local 
 improvements, except such as the government make uniformally 
 in all townships, will be made by the inhabitants in any manner 
 and to any extent which they may desire, but there shall be no 
 law requiring individual contribution or assessment of individ- 
 uals, or of individual property for any such purpose. The gov- 
 ernment will furnish iight, power, and fuel for private use at its 
 economic cost wherever it is practical and reasonably economic, 
 in view of the governmental department having charge of that 
 department of government economy and enterprise to do so, and 
 cities, will, so far as reasonable, be afforded these just facilities 
 and advantages. 
 
 Congestions of population in large cities are violative of
 
 32 THE NEW COLUMBIA 
 
 natural law and social economy. They are fostered and pro- 
 duced by the spirit of cupidity, the spirit of commercialism and 
 speculation, the get-something-for-nothing principle and practice 
 which will not long survive the advent of just popular government. 
 
 It is the rent-rackers, the usurer, the stock, produce, life, 
 and fire insurance gamblers, and the endless variety of specula- 
 tors and exploiters of the long suffering people, which have builded 
 these ancient and modern temples to the shrine of the God Mam- 
 mon and monuments to the folly of all men. And it will be re- 
 membered that all of these people have gone over to enjoy a 
 season of pleasure with their fellow parasites in the cities of the 
 Old World, and while they are absent the bats and cockroaches 
 will no doubt move their cities into the sea, and disinfect the 
 marts of the buyers and sellers for profit, and the money changers, 
 whose arrangements were once before in the early days of the 
 Christian era, quite unceremoniously disarranged. 
 
 With no rents, no interest on the current money of the people, 
 no corporate stocks to manipulate, no chance to bet on the price 
 of produce, for its economic value all the time fixed by govern- 
 ment statistics and exchanges, and the producing interest of the 
 people no longer compelled or inclined to support a large element 
 of the population in idleness and slothful luxury at the various 
 seaports; with no gold or other money exchanges to gamble 
 over, and with no foreign commerce, except to take our surplus 
 products to relieve the temporary necessities of foreign peoples 
 who are unable to accomplish justice and equality at home, it 
 is happily obvious that congestions of population and soul searing 
 extremes of poverty and squalor on the one hand, and idle luxury 
 and profligacy on the other, will immediately and automatically 
 adjust themselves. 
 
 The author has often wondered what these maniacs of the 
 cities would do if the farmers of the country were to telegraph 
 down that they had decided not to raise any more produce that
 
 THE NEW COLUMBIA 33 
 
 season than they needed for their own use ; but that if the people 
 down there would come out to the farm and bring their market 
 basket, they might spare them suflScient to keep them alive; 
 but that they would not feed them at the seashore any longer, as 
 the soil was being impoverished for the lack of natural nutrition 
 and that the people must come inland and live on the land ; that 
 the land would not support the people who would not support 
 the land. 
 
 No clearer or truer conception of the utter ineconomy of city 
 life, and its destruction of all enduring social conservatism is 
 possible, than in the immortal lines of the poet Goldsmith in his 
 Deserted Village, which we recommend all people to read and 
 study. It sums up the whole chapter of human folly in the 
 destructive and soul destroying race for what is not but is 
 called wealth. A few stanzas from this immortal poet will not 
 be untimely. Listen ! 
 
 " Ye friends to truth, ye statesmen who survey 
 The rich man's joys increase, the poor's decay. 
 'Tis yours to judge how wide the limit stands 
 Between a splendid, and a happy land. 
 Proud swells the tide with loads of freighted ore 
 And shouting folly hails them from her shore. 
 Hordes e'e n beyond the miser's wish abound, 
 And rich men flock from all the world around. 
 Yet count our gains, this wealth is but a name 
 That leaves our usetul products all the same. 
 Not so the loss ; the man of wealth and pride 
 Takes up a space that many poor supplied. 
 Space for his lake, his park extended bounds, 
 Space for his horses, equipage and hounds. 
 That robe that wraps his hmbs in siken cloth 
 Has robbed the neighboring fields of half their growth.
 
 34 THE NEW COLUMBIA 
 
 His seat where solitary sports are seen 
 Indignant spurns the cottage from the green. 
 Around the world each needful product flies 
 For all the luxury the world supplies. 
 While thus the land adorned for pleasure all 
 In barren splendor feebly waits its fall." 
 
 In view of the industrial and social revolution which the 
 change will bring about, it is expected that there will be no large 
 centers of population; and that the abandoned farms will soon 
 be reclaimed; and beautiful, commodious homes will cover the 
 whole face of the land. There will be little, if any, occasion 
 for any extensive or complicated system of municipal law; but 
 whatever is needed will be provided by the legislative department 
 of the government from time to time. Whatever municipal regu- 
 lation is made by law will be uniform and of universal operation, 
 and no local forms of municipal government will be adopted or 
 tolerated. 
 
 CHAPTER XXVII 
 
 HOSPITALS FOR THE INSANE 
 
 THE government will maintain at convenient and suitable 
 localities within each state hospitals for the care, main- 
 tainance, and cure of all forms of insanity; and all abnor- 
 mal mental or moral degenerates ; which, so far "as possible, 
 shall be conducted on the plan of the industrial schools wherein 
 will be provided employment for all patients whose condition 
 will admit of their being employed. 
 
 Those afHicted with mental or moral mania, heretofore re- 
 garded and treated as felons or criminals, will, if possible, be 
 restored to health and to citizenship ; and provision will be made
 
 THE NEW COLUMBIA 35 
 
 for the segregation of all incurables and others who, at any time, 
 or for any reason, it is proper to remove from the society of other 
 unfortunates. These institutions will be in charge of competent 
 physicians and surgeons, and will be under the civil service rules 
 established by the general government. 
 
 CHAPTER XXVIII 
 
 INDUSTRIAL SCHOOLS 
 
 THE industrial schools of the government will conduct all 
 branches of agriculture, manufacturing, mining and 
 stock raising upon and connected with government res- 
 ervations, in all parts of the nation adapted to the different 
 industries, and will be conducted on a scale designed at all times 
 to amply supply all domestic demands for all products not sup- 
 plied by the individual effort. The product of these schools will 
 be distributed by the transportation service of the government 
 to supply all government department stores which are not ade- 
 quately supplied by individual enterprise. 
 
 The utmost systematic efifort possible will at all times be 
 applied to raise the standard, increase the fertility of all soil, 
 conserve the forests and other natural resources, and promote 
 the general efficiency and economy and renew the failing strength 
 of the soil and perpetuate its utility for all coming generations. 
 
 They will promote fish culture and maintain hatcheries, and 
 stock all streams with fish capable of life in the various waters of 
 the Commonwealth; they will encourage the arts and inventions 
 of the people and conduct experiments for improvement in all 
 economic departments. 
 
 The Government will, at all times, provide that 
 
 THERE shall BE NO ENFORCED IDLENESS. But all SUrplus
 
 36 THE NEW COLUMBIA 
 
 labor not employed in production, transportation and distribu- 
 tion, and in the various useful public service enterprises, shall 
 be employed in internal improvements to beautify the land and 
 render it ideal for the habitation of man. This world can be 
 made a veritable Eden, and will surely be so made; and it is 
 only necessary to systematize the service of the people to accom- 
 plish the transformation. 
 
 Man is naturally active and industrious, as he is honest and 
 religious; and only needs an opportunity to put his hand and 
 brain to the task that nature adapted and designed him to per- 
 form. There is no task so menial that some one will not be 
 found who will volunteer to do it, for the pure love of having it 
 done, and having the world orderly and respectable. When a 
 way is opened to all people, old and young, to learn to do the 
 thing for which nature adapted them, all will serve with pleasure 
 and contentment, and no one will remain idle, but all will will- 
 ingly do their fair share of the world's work in all its varied 
 departments. 
 
 A six hour day's service, at a uniform arbitrary standard of 
 five dollars a day will answer every purpose, as all will desire to 
 serve six hours daily, if they serve that day; but when the indus- 
 tries are once thoroughly systematized, it will be discovered that 
 one hour's service, and probably less than that, in this era of 
 invention and labor saving machinery, will supply all the wants 
 and natural desires of the people, and the rest of the time will be 
 devoted to improvement of our homes and our country, to add 
 to its natural attractiveness, and to healthy and invigorating 
 sports and the cultivation of all the tastes and mental desires for 
 personal improvement in all of the avenues in which improve- 
 ment is desirable and possible. 
 
 Man is essentially a social being. The homes will be con- 
 tiguous to each other, and near, or reasonably accessible to the 
 places of their employment; they will improve and beautify
 
 THE NEW COLUMBIA 37 
 
 their streets as they do their door-yards, farms and gardens. 
 Their streets and parks will be beautified by voluntary service 
 of the people, and no system of compulsion will be necessary or 
 required. 
 
 The facilities for the abundant supply of natural wants, and 
 for travel and transportation will be such, that all people will be 
 enabled to have their summer and winter cottages at all desirable 
 places, upon our sea coasts, and amid the romantic scenes of 
 nature's grandeur inland, which will be prepared and adapted to 
 minister to the highest pleasure of which humanity in this sphere 
 is justly capable. 
 
 CHAPTER XXIX 
 
 TAXATION 
 
 A LL industries and activites, other than those which are 
 / \ purely personal and individual, being of the public 
 ■^ ^ service, and all service being rewarded in government 
 currency, legal tender, always interchangeable at a just and uni- 
 versal standard fixed by the average utility of service in staple 
 economic production, for all forms and varieties of service, or 
 the fruits and products thereof, there will be no ofiice for taxa- 
 tion to perform ; and hence, there will be no such thing as taxa- 
 tion of either person or property. 
 
 There will be no need of government revenues for any element 
 of the service; for the government is the whole people, and the 
 whole people is the government. When a service is rendered 
 the whole people, they give the person who performs it a certifi- 
 cate fixing its arbitrary value, which corrresponds to the value of 
 the same extent of service in all other departments; and may be 
 exchanged for it, and for its products. Every product of service
 
 38 THE NEW COLUMBIA 
 
 in the stock of every government store, at the seat of every town- 
 ship in the Commonwealth, will be marked at the exact economic 
 value (cost) of that product, justly equalized to all parts and sec- 
 tions based upon the arbitrary standard of five dollars for every 
 six hour day's service devoted to its production, transportation 
 and distribution. And every human being performing any ser- 
 vice in the whole human economy of the entire Commonwealth 
 can have it at that figure and pay in the government certificate 
 of his own service, whether that service is rendered to the govern- 
 ment or to some individual. There will be no other currency, 
 and no other medium of exchange, and gold and silver will be 
 used only in the arts and mechanics. 
 
 There will be gold statues of the patriots and martyrs, public 
 servants and benefactors, past and present. When some Edison 
 shall have invented an electrical appliance which will warm and 
 light our homes and propel all the machinery of production, 
 transportation, and distribution, we v/ill build his statue mag- 
 nified a hundred fold. We will construct it of burnished gold and 
 set it up in the most conspicuous point in all our domain. 
 
 When a Rockefeller will provide the system which will light 
 and warm our homes until the perfection of the electric era, 
 when a Harriman, or a Hill, willl perfect for us a system of travel 
 and transportation which will practically annihilate the distance 
 between our homes and seashore, and place the products of all 
 lands in our township department stores; in short, when Genius 
 personified will invent and apply machinery to perform all 
 service of all people in human economy, we will rise up and call 
 them blessed, and erect enduring monuments of gold to their 
 respective memories as in just fufillment of His word, "He that 
 is greatest among you, let him be your minister, (minister unto 
 you), and he that is chiefest among you, let him be your servant." 
 
 In this system there is no function for internal tax imposition 
 and none will exist; and as for tariff, impost duty, no foreign
 
 THE NEW COLUMBIA 39 
 
 country can bring to our shore the things which we produce at 
 home so cheaply or economically as we ourselves will produce 
 them. These foreign countries, unless they destroy the ships of 
 commerce and the ocean cables, and the wireless telegraph sta- 
 tions, and censor the public press as to social and industrial con- 
 ditions in America, they will be forced to follow our example, or 
 their wealth creating, and wealth distributing population will 
 leave their shores like rats from a sinking ship, and all their lands 
 will lie waste until reclaimed by some civilized and christianized 
 human society. 
 
 Our surplus staple products, and we shall always have a sur- 
 plus, will go gratuitously to any part of the earth where it is 
 needed to respond to the cry of human want and we will use our 
 lazy, pestiferous war ships for that purpose, and we shall have no 
 difficulty in effecting a just economic exchange for all foreign 
 products which we are not able to provide at home ; but these 
 will be rare specimens when the resources and ingenuities of 
 this Yankee nation are exhausted. 
 
 In this view, how manifestly useless will be a tariff. We need 
 no revenue, in the sense in which the word has so long been used 
 by the folly and short sightedness of primitive man. We shall 
 then have rendered unto Caesar the things which are Caesar's, 
 and which, in original form bore his image, and will be far along 
 in the process of rendering unto God the things which are His, 
 a people redeemed from the power of mammon, and mindful 
 of their obligations to each other, and to Him who is the Author 
 of all blessings, the Giver of every good and perfect gift.
 
 40 THE NEW COLUMBIA 
 
 CHAPTER XXX 
 
 THE PUBLIC HEALTH 
 
 ALL resident practicing physicians and surgeons within 
 each county shall constitute the board of health of such 
 ^ county, and they and their resident nurses and assistants 
 shall be under the civil service of the government; which will 
 establish and maintain at the county seat or other necessary 
 places within the county, efl&cient hospitals for the treatment of 
 all persons within the county, who in the judgment of the 
 attending physician can be better cared for than in their own 
 homes, if they have such within the county. 
 
 The board of health will organize annually on the first Monday 
 in January of each year, by electing one of their number Presi- 
 dent, and another Secretary, who will keep the record of the board 
 and the general account of all persons in the service. He will make 
 out, and certify to the township auditor all of their board and 
 individual accounts, and shall keep a record thereof in the ofl5ce 
 of secretary in the hospital, for all of which books and stationery 
 will be provided by the government through the postal department. 
 
 The president will preside at all meetings of the board, which 
 shall meet at the rooms provided at the hospital for that purpose. 
 If more than one hospital is required in any county, it will be pro- 
 vided. Every patient will be permitted to select his or her own 
 attendant, physician or surgeon, either in the home or in the hos- 
 pital. 
 
 It will be the duty of the board and of each individual member, 
 to look to the proper sanitary, and hygienic conditions of the county 
 and procure to be done all things necessary to secure the public 
 health. The county will be divided into sanitary districts and the 
 board will assign these districts to its different members whose
 
 THE NEW COLUMBIA 41 
 
 peculiar duty it will be to look after the sanitary condition within 
 the district thus specially assigned to the individual member. 
 
 They will have authority to provide all things needed to accom- 
 plish this just end. They will keep individual accounts of all ser- 
 vices and all personal expense incurred by them, and will be reim- 
 bursed for all expense and rewarded for all service at the legal rate 
 prevailing in all departments. 
 
 It shall be the duty of the board of health and of each member 
 thereof to do all in their power to insure and preserve the public 
 health of the county, so far as their combined wisdom can promote 
 that end. If an epidemic of any form of contagion shall obtain a 
 foothold among the people, it will be the duty of the board to make 
 a thorough investigation to determine its cause and fix its responsi- 
 bility if possible, upon the member having charge of the district 
 in which it manifested itself or the physician who was first sum- 
 moned at its outbreak ; and if it shall be found that the fault lies 
 with some member of the board he may be punished in the discre- 
 tion of the majority of the board by depriving him of his service 
 compensation to a reasonable extent and for a reasonable time; 
 or, if they deem the offence of sufficient magnitude, they may expel 
 him, or her, from membership which will disqualify them to prac- 
 tice until they shall have been restored to fellowship which may be 
 done at any time by any board of health. 
 
 The board of health will issue all marriage licenses upon exam- 
 ination of the applicants, and will so far as possible, provide against 
 marriages which shall be likely to prove unhappy by reason of 
 physical or mental or moral conditions which shall, in their judg- 
 ment, be likely to result unjustly to the parties contracting and 
 desiring to consummate such marriages, or the offspring thereof; 
 but they shall have no authority to prevent or prohibit, but may 
 only counsel and advise against them. 
 
 They will provide an orphanage adjunct to the hospital for the 
 care and nurture of all children who cannot, for any reason, find
 
 42 THE NEW COLUMBIA 
 
 homes among the people ; and they will be given lawful authority 
 to provide against cruelty and injustice to all children within their 
 jurisdiction, even to the point, if need be, of taking them from the 
 custody of parents who are unwilling, or unable, or unfit, to treat 
 them justly and humanely. 
 
 They will keep a record with proper index of all marriages with- 
 in the county and of all births within their jurisdiction which rec- 
 ord of births shall be made by the parents or attending physician 
 as soon as the child is christened, so that the full name may appear 
 in the record ; and all marriages will be solemnized by a minister 
 of the gospel, who will make record thereof and file a copy of such 
 record with the secretary of the board of health. 
 
 Whenever the judge of the county shall notify the board of 
 health that an application or petition has been filed in his Court 
 for a divorce, the board of health shall appoint a male physician to 
 examine the husband, and a female physician to examine the wife, 
 whose duty it shall be to make such examination and look into all 
 the circumstances of the family, including the children, if any, and 
 give the judge such information as he may desire in the dis- 
 charge of his judicial duty respecting the divorcement of the par- 
 ents or the custody of the children. 
 
 Whenever notified or called upon by any magistrate or conserva- 
 tor, or mayor of any township in the county having in custody or 
 under consideration any subject, patient or person charged with 
 being dangerous to the public peace, or by any member of the 
 board of public safety provided for in the succeeding chapter, it 
 shall be the duty of the board of health to appoint three compe- 
 tent physicians, reference being had to the sex of the subject or 
 patient, whose duty it shall be to make a thorough examination of 
 such subject, and give all such advice and assistance to any of said 
 public functionaries as they shall desire, to enable them to dis- 
 charge their official duties in the premises. 
 
 The board will preserve in the office of the secretary a com-
 
 THE NEW COLUMBIA 43 
 
 plete inventory of all medicines and hospital supplies and all sur- 
 gical instruments and appliances, none of which shall be taken 
 from the hospital except upon a written order of the secretary, 
 and for the most temporary emergencies. 
 
 The boards of health will correspond ; and by means of the 
 reports and inter-communications, maintain a uniform system of 
 practice and secure, so far as possible, the adoption and promul- 
 gation of uniform rules and appliances, in all cases the best and 
 most approved which Science can devise, for the treatment, and 
 cure, and care of the afflicted among the people of the new Nation. 
 
 CHAPTER XXXI 
 
 THE PEACE OF SOCIETY 
 
 THE attorneys and counselors at law resident within each 
 county shall ex officio constitute the county Board of pub- 
 lic peace and tranquillity. They will organize on the 
 first Monday in January of each year by electing one of their num- 
 ber President and another Secretary. The President will preside 
 at all meetings, and will call meetings at the court room of the 
 county, whenever the public business, as hereinafter defined, shall 
 require. The Secretary will keep and record the record of all the 
 proceedings of the board, and check up and approve to the town- 
 ship auditor all accounts for service and expense of the board and 
 the individual members thereof, upon blanks and in books pre- 
 pared for that purpose by the government and distributed for the 
 use of the service through the postal department. 
 
 Whenever it shall come to the knowledge of the board, or any 
 individual member thereof, that any controversy has arisen in the 
 county between persons respecting any property rights, or any 
 violation of the laws of the Commonwealth, written or unwritten,
 
 44 THE NEW COLUMBIA 
 
 which is likely to be brought to the attention of the local court; 
 it shall be the duty of the person possessed of such knowledge to 
 immediately notify the President of the board, who shall at once 
 call a meeting of the Board of Public Peace, whose duty it will be 
 to proceed to select a committee of three members or such other 
 number as that there shall be one to interview each party to the 
 controversy, and one umpire; and if the member reporting the 
 case shall have been retained, or advised with by a party to the 
 controversy, he shall be a member of the committee. 
 
 It shall be the duty of this committee to proceed at once to 
 visit the parties to the controversy, and they may employ and take 
 to their assistance the pastor of the church or churches to whom 
 any or all of the parties to the controversy belong, and learn the 
 whole state of the controversy so far as possible, and endeavor to 
 reconcile the parties and effect the adjustment of the controversy 
 upon terms which shall be just and reasonable so far as they can 
 find means and influence to accomplish it. 
 
 If this committee and the pastor or pastors taken to their assist- 
 ance shall agree unanimously as to the basis upon which the con- 
 troversy should be settled and reconciled, they shall make known 
 to the parties their plan for its reconcihation ; and if either party 
 shall refuse to adjust it upon the basis proposed, they will bring it 
 to the attention of the local magistrate or magistrates of the town- 
 ship wherein the parties reside for an investigation into the state of 
 the mental and moral condition of such recalcitrant party or par- 
 ties in the manner provided by law, and if this does not result in the 
 amicable adjustment of the controversy appeal or resort may be 
 had to the local court. 
 
 If the committee shall not be unanimous as to the basis of 
 adjustment, they will report back to the board, which will take up 
 and discuss the merits of the controversy and determine by major- 
 ity vote, after full discussion, the just basis for its adjustment, and 
 record their decision in the minutes; and the secretary shall forth-
 
 THE NEW COLUMBIA 45 
 
 with furnish each party to the controversy with a copy of the de- 
 cision of the board certified by him. 
 
 If, notwithstanding, the parties or either of them is determined 
 to go to law, the proceedings of the board and the record thereof 
 shall be at the disposal of the county judge to assist him in the 
 discharge of his judicial duties in the premises. 
 
 If at any time there shall be any false alarms, or false and un- 
 founded reports of controversy where none on investigation is 
 found to exist, the president will order an investigation of the 
 reporter if he be a member of the board, and if it shall be found that 
 there has been any negligence, dishonesty, or reprehensible con- 
 duct on the part of such member in starting an investigation of a 
 controversy, where no real controversy existed, the board shall 
 proceed to discipline such member by depriving him of compensa- 
 tion for public service in such board for such time as to them shall 
 seem reasonable, or they may expel or suspend him from the exer- 
 cise of public functions on the written approval of the county 
 judge, of which suspension record shall be made by the board, but 
 such member may be reinstated or restored to favor at any time by 
 majority vote of that or any other like board whenever his, or her, 
 moral condition shall be such as to make it consistent with the pub- 
 lic service. 
 
 CHAPTER XXXII 
 
 INTOXICANTS AND ALCOHOLIC LIQUORS 
 
 IT will be the duty of the board of health of each county to 
 immediately invoice, appraise, and take into their possession 
 and store at the county hospital all impure or adulterated 
 beverages of any kind found, or at any time imported in the county, 
 and issue their order upon the cashier of the local bank in pay- 
 ment therefor at their fair value for any use to which they can be
 
 46 THE NEW COLUMBIA 
 
 safely applied ; and the manufacture or presence of such impure or 
 adulterated liquors or beverages will no longer be tolerated in the 
 Commonwealth. 
 
 No public places for the drinking of intoxicants will be toler- 
 ated and no liquors will be drank at the place where they are sold 
 or kept for sale, except that those who in good faith keep hotels and 
 eating houses and cafe and dining cars for the accomodation of the 
 public will serve liquors with meals and at their respective tables 
 but not otherwise. 
 
 Whenever it shall be discovered that any person is, for any rea- 
 son, incapable of using alcoholic beverages without injury to him- 
 self or his family or the members of society in which he or she 
 mingles, the attention of the local magistrate shall be called to the 
 fact and they shall at once investigate the case and if it shall appear 
 to the authorities that such person is in that unfortunate condition, 
 the means provided by law for his treatment and cure shall at 
 once be applied and a cure effected if possible. If the victim is 
 incapable of cure, so as to prevent recurrence of the mania, 
 certificate to that effect shall be made by the local board of health, 
 and a copy thereof duly certified shall be filed with the board of 
 any and all counties into which that victim shall establish his 
 abode. 
 
 It shall be the duty of all persons engaged in the sale of intoxi- 
 cating beverages to be at all times advised of the state of the record 
 of the board of health respecting such unfortunates, and it will be 
 unlawful to sell or give them liquors which will intoxicate. If they 
 violate this rule of public duty, they will not be permitted longer 
 to deal in that commodity in the Commonwealth, and will them- 
 selves be subjected to treatment for degenerates, for they will have 
 transgressed the penal code of the people. 
 
 No person will treat another, or urge or invite another to in- 
 dulge in any form of intoxicants, except in the home and private 
 dwelling of the host ; and all persons at all times will practice and
 
 THE NEW COLUMBIA 47 
 
 inculcate the just principles of temperance in all things, including 
 the use of spiritous liquors. 
 
 All things in the universe of God, and in the realm of material 
 worlds was, in the deliberate judgment of the Author, designed by 
 a munificent Creator for some just and essential use ; and alcoholic 
 spirits is one of those things: But it taxes the mental capacity to 
 its utmost limit to determine the utility and economy of many 
 things, which are seemingly destructive of human happiness, and 
 in this class also, must distilled or fermented spirits be placed. 
 But to conclude that because of its susceptibility to abuse, and its 
 capacity to cause human anguish, it is not a component element 
 of God's plan of creation and human development, and of the nat- 
 ural evolution of man through the lower and higher kingdoms of 
 the material, to the spiritual universe, which is the end and ulti- 
 mate of the material, involves, in my humble opinion, not only an 
 impeachment of the judgment of man, but of the wisdom of his 
 Creator. 
 
 " And I gave my heart to seek and search out, by wisdom con- 
 cerning all things that are done under heaven; this sore travail 
 hath God given to the sons of men to be exercised therewith." 
 (Ecclesiastes i :i3.) 
 
 "Consider all things and hold fast that which is good." It is 
 not him who is kept from temptation, by himself, his parents, his 
 friends, his soveriegn, or his God, but it is him that overcometh that 
 is to receive the Crown of life. It is not him who knows not evil, 
 who is kept from contact and experience with it, the only process 
 by which in the providence of God he can know it, but it is him 
 that overcometh and withstandeth it, that is at last to receive the 
 reward of the just. 
 
 These are subjects somewhat digressing, but so vital in all 
 considerate discussions of modern social science that the digres- 
 sion must be overlooked. "Judge not, that ye be not judged", 
 applies as well to God's material elements as to those whom He
 
 48 THE NEW COLUMBIA 
 
 created in His own image from such elements; and it is much 
 safer to declare at all times, and with just reference to all things, 
 that " God is good, and all is for the best." 
 
 CHAPTER XXXIII 
 
 LEGISLATIVE AND JUDICIAL FUNCTIONS OF THE 
 RE-UNITED STATES 
 
 THE Study of the system of home rule and home govern- 
 ment which the preceding chapters have outlined will 
 disclose to any mind at all familiar with social govern- 
 mental functions, and the practical exercise of these functions, 
 that when once this plan is in operation the legislative and judi- 
 cial functions of the board of governors of the Commonwealth 
 will be perfunctory merely, and will lie practically dormant and 
 that the only live functions will be administrative. 
 
 No appropriations will be needed or required. There will be 
 no settlement for individual occupancy of the parts of the public 
 domain at any time required in the large-scale operations of the 
 agricultural, manufacturing and mining departments ; for the gov- 
 ernment will own most if not all of the homes wherein the persons 
 temporarily engaged in that department will be maintained ; for 
 it will soon be discovered that the youth availing themselves of the 
 privileges of the industrial schools operated in connection there- 
 with will perform the larger part of the service not performed me- 
 chanically. 
 
 So that few homes will be permanently established at the site 
 of these industries. 
 
 The large portion of the people will all the time be engaged in 
 individual pursuits and maintain their homes wherever their fancy 
 shall lead, and with these exceptions all persons will be under the
 
 THE NEW COLUMBIA 49 
 
 civil service, and new enterprises will be confined to internal pub- 
 lic improvement of the waste places to fit them for settlement as 
 the population increases, and in all manner of internal improve- 
 ment ; but this will be, for the most part, initiated and carried far- 
 ther by the various permanent departments which from time to 
 time the government will create and install. 
 
 The general policy and in fact the uniform, universal policy, 
 will be to encourage and promote individual initiative and enter- 
 prise, but all the time to improve the whole Commonwealth to the 
 full limit eventually, and at all times apply all surplus service (I 
 dislike the word labor) to some useful or ornamental public im- 
 provement, to the just end that there shall never again in Amer- 
 ica be the shame, and lasting historic disgrace, of enforced idleness, 
 with all of its inseparable and horrid concomitants. 
 
 Every community, every civil division will justly, promptly and 
 effectively regulate its own conditions and people by means at all 
 times available and efficient. The causes of discord in human 
 society will be at once and forever removed. The causes of evil 
 lie not in man, hut about him. Every man is as he is, as a necessary 
 consequence of the tendencies under which he was born and the 
 circumstances and environment under which he was reared ; like 
 any other product of nature, he is neither praiseworthy for being 
 what the world calls good, or blameworthy, or other than unfor- 
 tunate, shall he develop to be what the world calls evil. 
 
 There will be but little written law, and little use for that ; but 
 we shall always have government of the most efficient variety. 
 There will be no war and nothing to war about. Peace will be 
 natural and universal. We will disband all standing armies and 
 stack the munitions of war in public arsenals; we may maintain 
 for a time the old system of training in the use and manual of arms 
 to provide against a possible foreign invasion, which there is scarce- 
 ly the slightest reason to apprehend. 
 
 There will be national holidays commemorating the great
 
 50 THE NEW COLUMBIA 
 
 events in the political history of this nation, but the greatest of all 
 will be that which commemorates our discovery of the primal 
 cause of our political and industrial thraldom, and the application 
 of the remedy for its permanent cure. 
 
 CHAPTER XXXIV 
 
 INVENTIONS AND COPYRIGHTS 
 
 ALL inventions will be registered by the government in the 
 name of the inventor ; and will be tested by the govern- 
 ^ ment. If in the judgment of the department of inven- 
 tions they promise utility or economy they will be adopted and 
 become the property of the government. 
 
 If they shall prove of utility and practicability, the same will 
 be appraised according to its economic utility, and the inventor 
 will be given, by a grateful commonwealth, an inventor's medal in 
 recognition of his service to his country, and a certificate showing 
 the economic value of his invention or improvement, which shall 
 entitle him to receive the economic value of his invention in 
 monthly installments at the standard rate of service, except that 
 such certificates shall be personal to the inventor and nothing 
 shall be paid after his death, the purpose being to place such in- 
 ventor on the pay roll as well as honor roll for the remainder of 
 his natural life in just recognition of the fact that by his intelli- 
 gence and study and personal effort, he has performed his just 
 share of service in the social economy and may justly go on the 
 retired list. If the invention is other than labor saving, but yet 
 of public utility, its economic value may for all just purposes be 
 limited to the standard value of individual service for the remain- 
 der of the expectancy of life of the inventor. 
 
 All original compositions in whatever form may, if desired
 
 THE NEW COLUMBIA 51 
 
 by the author for commercial purposes, be registered and copy- 
 righted, though it is unlikely that many will desire to preclude 
 others from reproducing their writings if suitable credit and 
 recognition is given the author; and no one would be so foolish 
 or unjust as to plagiarize the writings of another and attempt to 
 secure a credit which is not his own. 
 
 There is no avenue of escape from the universe ; and individ- 
 ual man cannot afford to do an unjust or ungenerous act ; for the 
 memory and consciousness of that act will be ever present with 
 him, and from its presence he can never escape. He will be honest 
 with himself and with all men, when the conditions are such that 
 justice and life may go hand in hand. 
 
 CHAPTER XXXV 
 
 THE INTERNATIONAL MARRIAGE 
 
 AT a general election of the electors of the territory em- 
 braced within what is to constitute the Re-United States 
 of America, which will be held on the Tuesday after 
 the first Monday in November, 191 2, the people of the Common- 
 wealth which is to be, will assemble at their accustomed voting 
 places in each township and determine by their ballot, which will 
 be taken and recorded in the manner provided by law, whether 
 or not the new government will be formed. 
 The ballots will read as follows : 
 
 The New Columbia Yes. 
 
 The New Columbia No. 
 
 and when the vote is canvassed it will be discovered that in the 
 whole domain there will not be a dissenting vote or voice. 
 
 All elections thereafter will be held annually on the first Men-
 
 52 THE NEW COLUMBIA 
 
 day of October to insure fine weather for our wives, mothers and 
 daughters to grace the election. 
 
 All ofl&cers and public service employees of the people in 
 office at the date of the election in November, 191 2, will remain 
 in service until the new government regime is ushered in, which 
 will be on the first Monday of January, 1914; and the election 
 of officers under the New Columbia, the Re-United States, will 
 be held on the first Monday of October, 1913. 
 
 The symbolic marriage of the peoples of the Northern and 
 Southern sections of the new Columbia will be solemnized on the 
 4th day of July, 1913. And for the purposes of this symbolic 
 union Mr. Canada will be chosen by the Canadian Parliament, 
 and Miss Columbia by the Congress of the United States. The 
 marriage Contract, the ante-nuptial agreement, shall embody 
 the fundamental essential outline of the new Columbia govern- 
 mental plant and machinery and will be preserved in the archives 
 at Sioux City, the new seat of the government. The ceremony 
 will be performed at or near the center ot the Suspension Bridge 
 which spans the Niagara River below the Falls facing the Horse- 
 shoe, which has always been the insignia of fortune. It will be 
 solemnized at high noon, under the auspices of the Ministry of 
 the Gospels of all peoples within the new domain, in such manner 
 as the reverent servants of God shall themselves prescribe. It 
 will be celebrated in a spirit of the most solemn and holy reverence 
 in the blessing of Almighty God upon a redeemed and united 
 people ; but without the shadow of pomp or pageantry, the sound- 
 ing of brass or the tinkling of cymbal ; and by the grace of God 
 and with the benediction of Heaven, that, "Whom God hath 
 joined together let not man put asunder." The anthem which 
 shall precede the wedding march from the extremes of the span 
 of Niagara will be "America" in the human voice and with the 
 humble prayer of the assembled multitude.
 
 THE NEW COLUMBIA 53 
 
 CHAPTER XXXVI 
 
 THE TRANSITION 
 
 THE advent of the new social, political, and industrial 
 regime, will break upon the people as benignly, and with 
 much the same enthusiastic welcome, as would greet a 
 shaft of pure sunshine through a London fog. 
 
 The discussion and public consideration which will precede 
 the marriage of these peoples, and the joining of farms under one 
 management, will bring the whole people to a knowledge of all 
 of the essential laws, and the simple, practical system by which 
 the economics of the whole people are to be conserved. Every 
 child of the state will know his whole duty, and just how to dis- 
 charge it without fear or friction, and what is still more felici- 
 tous, that duty will, for the most part, lie right before his face, 
 and within easy reach of his hand. 
 
 The most cursory self-examination will convince each indi- 
 vidual member of the Commonwealth that he is bound to be 
 happy, in the assurance that all are to be as secure, as free, as 
 independent, and as happy as he, and none more so. 
 
 No human being worthy the name, would ever admit to him- 
 self, much less to the members of his family, and the circle of his 
 acquaintances, that he was not content that all men and all 
 women should enjoy the same measure of happiness and content- 
 ment and security that he himself enjoys. 
 
 But above and beyond all purely selfish personal interests, 
 he will discover and be fully assured that his children, and their 
 children are absolutely and forever insured against poverty and 
 want ; that gaunt spectre whose horrid form and withering visage 
 has haunted the day and night dreams of every thoughtful parent 
 since the dawn of human history. That ever-present night-
 
 54 THE NEW COLUMBIA 
 
 mare which has caused father and mother to toil and save and 
 sacrifice for the security of their offspring, when oftener than 
 otherwise, that very sacrifice, shall they secure what the world once 
 called wealth, will cause the degeneracy and destruction, body 
 and soul, of the very child or children in whose behest they 
 made it. 
 
 Teach your child to love his God and his native land; to 
 know, and respect and obey her just mandates, then fit him for 
 useful service in the industrial economy of his country, his pater 
 and alma mater, and the task is done ; and you can die in peace, 
 knowing that a just government will care for those you love as 
 matter, not of charity, but of cheerful duty and fidelity to a 
 sacred, solemn trust. 
 
 The change in the motives of men will be revolutionary, but 
 the change in their occupations will be hardly perceptible in the 
 general classes into which the industrial arrangement thereto- 
 fore existing had divided then. 
 
 Every individual, however, will be perfectly free to select the 
 department of useful employment in which it is a pleasure for 
 him to serve. No one will be compelled to perform a service 
 which is distasteful. 
 
 The same useful service will go forward with less hours of 
 labor, of course, but the same thing v/ill be done in much the same 
 manner, and by the same people, so far as it is pleasurable for 
 them to serve in that field of social and industrial economy. 
 
 The change instead of losing employment to any living being, 
 will immediately accelerate the movement of all things in all 
 forms and departments. In the first place, it is useful to go home 
 (in contemplation) after the election of the new government is 
 assured, and see what will happen. Everybody in the county 
 will have abundant credit, for it will be certainly known that 
 every one will be able, and disposed, to justly meet every personal 
 obligation which they will care to assume.
 
 THE NEW COLUMBIA 55 
 
 One of the first results will be that the local merchant will 
 mark up every article in his stock to the figure of its economic 
 value as measured by the service involved in its production at the 
 standard which he figured the government will establish when 
 production and distribution is systematized. He can do this with 
 reasonable accuracy, for there have long been available statis- 
 tics in the census department, and a day's service means, in 
 figures, and in the currency that will be, five dollars. 
 
 The result will be that the gentleman heretofore irreverently 
 discussed by unstatesmanlike politicians as Mr. Over-Produc- 
 tion, will depart out of our midst and register in some foreign 
 land as Mr. Under-Consumption. The next, or concomitant, 
 manifestation in the local marts will be, that before the govern- 
 ment department store can be builded and equipped, the shelves 
 of the local distributors (merchants) will be empty, and temporary 
 supply stations will be used until the township department store 
 can be constructed. This store will be the distributing station 
 for the township, with all needed branches from time to time, to 
 suit the convenience of the people. 
 
 The business of the department store or stores of the townships 
 will be conducted by the same people who theretofore served in 
 the same business in the same locality, and to the individual, 
 the change will be no more perceptible than that of moving out 
 of one building into another, except that all will serve shorter 
 hours, and receive uniform compensation, always secure, always 
 prompt, and always certain ; and nothing to distract, and 
 nothing to guard against, but a failure of plain and simple duty 
 of honest service to a generous and just people. 
 
 Prices of all staple commodities, product of agriculture, 
 manufacture and mining, will be fixed from time to time by the 
 department of service at the seat of government upon economic 
 statistics; and will be posted at every store and branch in all the 
 land. All other things will be left to the taste and fancy of the
 
 56 THE NEW COLUMBIA 
 
 people, those who produce and those who use, but the natural 
 tendency will operate to bring the result of all service to its measure 
 of value, in view of the service involved in its creation with little, 
 if any, regard to the material from which it is constructed, ex- 
 cept that art, talent and personal excellence, will always have 
 monopoly and always should, for that is the God-given incentive 
 to improve in every avenue of human endeavor. 
 
 The banking business will, of course, be entirely revolution- 
 ized. There will be no government debt and no government 
 bonds, or any other bond. The government will no longer en- 
 dorse and engrave the notes of national banks which bear no 
 interest, and suffer them to loan them to an afBicted people at 
 interest ; that business will no longer be tolerated ; and those who 
 have heretofore enjoyed that special privilege will be ashamed 
 to be longer connected with it, since they see its obvious in- 
 iquity, but the banking business will still go on. There will 
 be more of it under the new than under the old, and it will be 
 conducted in the same manner by the same men in the same lo- 
 cality after as before marriage. The only difference will be 
 there will be no interest accounts, and no dividend statements; 
 but in all other respects, the business will be precisely the same. 
 It will be like quitting one bank and going at once into the employ 
 of another. 
 
 The local president and cashier will be elected by the people 
 of the county, or township, if more than one bank is operated 
 in the county, his assistants will be under the civil service, but 
 it will take all the bankers and bank clerks and helpers and then 
 some, to do the legitimate banking business of the county. The 
 insurance men will work in an adjunct of the local bank and that 
 is about as far as they will be affected, except that instead of un- 
 certain commissions, they will be paid for their services like all 
 persons in government employ. 
 
 Then, as theretofore, the farmer will bring his product to the
 
 THE NEW COLUMBIA 57 
 
 store and take its economic value in currency, or exchange it for 
 whatever his fancy shall choose, and always at its economic value, 
 which will be the same everywhere. In short, the transition 
 will be as imperceptible, and as painless, as the process whereby 
 the caterpillar becomes the butterfly, relieved of the necessity 
 of grovelling in the dust or struggling with his fellow men in the 
 competitions of the organized antagonism, miscalled human 
 society, and spreading his wings in the sunshine of perfect in- 
 dustrial freedom. 
 
 CHAPTER XXXVII 
 
 THE RETURN OF THE PILGRIMS 
 
 THE travelers will return from the excursion in suflScient 
 time before the international marriage and bring with 
 them the remnant of the gold and silver, which will be 
 taken to the national museum in the District of Columbia and 
 melted up, and with the silver they will construct the base of 
 three monuments, one at the entrance of the museum commem- 
 orating the landing of Columbus, the other two, one on each 
 shore of the Niagara River just below the Falls. The gold will be 
 for the statues, one of Columbus at the museum, one of Wash- 
 ington on what is known as the American shore, and the other 
 upon the Canadian shore, of such patriot and statesman as that 
 people shall delight to honor. 
 
 Having provided these materials and testimonials to the 
 virtues of these servers of humanity, they will severally gravi- 
 tate to their appropriate places in the new governmental econ- 
 omy, as naturally, and delightedly, and felicitously, as a country 
 lad ever selected his partner for the cotillion that comes in the 
 wake of the country husking.
 
 58 THE NEW COLUMBIA 
 
 These men will be the most useful of all classes in the new 
 regime; for they are trained to systematic methods of thought 
 and action. In fact, they were the Very System Itself at the time 
 of their departure abroad. 
 
 They can readily and easily take the whole system of manu- 
 facture, mining, agriculture, transportation by land and water, 
 education, internal improvement, civil service in all depart- 
 ments, and so systematize the whole social and industrial ma- 
 chinery so that every cog will come to its appropriate bearing 
 and perform its perfect function in the entire economy. 
 
 They can tell you, from the books and records, every day, and 
 every hour of the day, if any person in any department of the 
 service, anywhere, is remiss in his duty, and tell you when, and 
 where, and who, and where he is. 
 
 If there is disorder, inharmony, or injustice to anybody, or 
 anything, anywhere, they will locate it for you. 
 
 The farm is here, the seed is here, all things in abundance 
 for all purposes are at hand, and system is all that is required 
 to secure the usefulness and happiness of all people, and the men, 
 the intellect which has, in the face of the most complex disad- 
 vantages and incongruities builded up the great industries of the 
 country, can be depended upon, when these unnatural conditions 
 are removed, so that social economy can prevail, that they will 
 use all the service to promote the common weal, and supply the 
 wants and gratify the natural desires of all. They will syste- 
 matize both the labor and the leisure and provide for its just 
 distribution. 
 
 They will produce in the greatest abundance; and from the 
 surplus of service available, will make of our land the veritable 
 Eden of promise. A Morgan in supervision of the banking 
 department of the government would provide that its currency 
 was so distributed at all times and places as that all the conditions 
 would be met with the utmost promptness and efficiency. A
 
 THE NEW COLUMBIA 59 
 
 Harriman or a Hill in charge of the railroads and transporatation 
 department would give us a railroad wherever one was needed, 
 and a service, and equipment that would be the wonder of all 
 worlds; would provide for the distribution of the products of 
 service to all parts of the domain, so that everything, would be 
 everywhere and that no want would be unsupplied. A Wana- 
 maker could tell him what was going to be required in all times, 
 and in all places long enough in advance so that there would 
 be no failure to meet all economic conditions. 
 
 The master mind that can plan and execute the modern folly 
 of a presidential political campaign, and provide agencies in 
 every nook and cranny of this nation, for seeing every man seven 
 times a week, for four months preceding an unpleasantness, 
 getting his opinion as to all men and all measures, and learning 
 how he was going to vote, before he had fully made up his own 
 mind, could take every man, woman and child of this nation, 
 and put them in their proper sphere in social economy, and know 
 all the time that they were doing their duty, and that society was 
 showing them due respect and recognizing their service, by se- 
 curing their rights and liberties, and affording them equal oppor- 
 tunity for supplying their needs from the common store of the 
 fruit of just and orderly economic service. 
 
 It is too clear for argument that with the facilities now in 
 hand and within easy reach, "equal suffrage, equal rights and 
 responsibilities, and equal opportunities for all men and women" 
 are as practicable, as they are just, in popular government. It 
 is simply a matter of system, a matter of book-keepimg. All 
 ser\dce, no matter in what department, adds to the common 
 stock, and augments the common wealth, not in money; money 
 is not wealth, never was, nor indeed ever could be, and except 
 so far as it can be justly said to be a government certificate of 
 service, it is nothing. 
 
 If gold were piled mountain high on this continent, it would
 
 6o THE NEW COLUMBIA 
 
 not only not increase the wealth of this nation, but it would 
 destroy every vestige of its utility, and along with it the lives of 
 the people. Service is the only thing that is valuable, and ser- 
 vice is the only just standard of value, and the product of service 
 is the only wealth, and service the only source of wealth, no matter 
 what form that wealth may assume in human economy and in the 
 institutions of men. When the individual has served the gov- 
 ernment, the people, the commonwealth, and received from that 
 government the current certificates of such service, the incident 
 is closed ; it is what in the commercial world hitherto would be 
 called a cash transaction; neither is the richer or the poorer 
 and exact and even justice is accomplished, for that certificate 
 enables the bearer to exchange it for its economic value with 
 any other member of the body politic. In popular government, 
 the people are both sovereign and servant, and the government 
 embodies the collective entity, and the plant and machinery the 
 agencies and functions through which the collective enterprise 
 is conducted. As respects foreign powers and sovereignties the 
 government is the collective corporate entity with which such 
 foreign business is transacted. But as respects all internal 
 policy and relations, government and all of its functions and ap- 
 pliances, is simply and solely, when reduced to final analysis, 
 a matter of keeping of the company's accounts. 
 
 The government is the planter, the domain the plantation, 
 and the people are the servants (I dislike the word slaves). The 
 planter permits the servant to select his home on the plantation 
 and conduct thereon such improvements as he desires, and may 
 permit him to conduct all such individual enterprises on land 
 selected and used by him as may suit his fancy. If he produce 
 more than his individual needs require, he turns the surplus into 
 the store of the planter and received therefor, in some form of pay- 
 ment or exchange, the economic value of what he has produced. 
 If he serve the planter in any department of plantation enterprise.
 
 THE NEW COLUMBIA 6i 
 
 the planter rewards his service according to its just meed, if he 
 is a just planter. If this service results in a commodity, product, 
 it goes into and forms a part of the stock of the plantation store. 
 If it is in the department of improvement of the plantation, the 
 building of the road, the clearing of the forest, the draining of 
 the land, their irrigation, or landscape gardening, the planting of 
 trees or flowers, it adds to the economic value, and even the com- 
 mercial value, if the plantation were the subject of barter and sale. 
 If the planter were just with his servants, he would reward 
 him for all service which he renders, and in so doing would not 
 impoverish himself in the slightest degree. All that he gave to 
 the servant in reward of his service would remain with him, in 
 the product of such service, or in the increased value of his plan- 
 tation ; and in the succeeding chapter, it is our purpose to show 
 by illustration, perfectly comprehensive to those at all familiar 
 with double entry systems, just how the government books 
 might be kept, although there is little occasion for any such com- 
 plete system as might be maintained, as the items of merchandise, 
 and profit and loss will soon be discovered to be a matter of the 
 most supreme indifference, beyond the satisfaction of exhibiting 
 our balance sheeet to foreign visitors, who will only need to look 
 at our country and people to be amazed at our prosperity. 
 
 CHAPTER XXXVIII 
 
 DOUBLE ENTRY BOOKS OF THE GOVERNMENT 
 
 THE assets of the plantation will comprise, under the gen- 
 eral head of merchandise, the public lands and fixtures; 
 and under the head of bills receivable the aggregate of 
 the value of the service of the citizens figured on the basis of five 
 dollars for each working day from the age of eighteen to fifty-
 
 62 THE NEW COLUMBIA 
 
 eight. We will assume tor the purposes of illustration that these 
 two items in the inventory, at the time of commencing business 
 and opening the ledger, is One Trillion Dollars, which makes up 
 the credit side of the ledger. 
 
 For the purpose of exact system, there will be issued current 
 service certificates in denominations convenient in the transac- 
 tion of the business public and private, which will go into the 
 various depositories, a corresponding amount which will be 
 charged and carried on the debtor side of the ledger as cash. 
 
 There is, therefore, always a balance between cash and 
 merchandise and this balance will be maintained in the follow- 
 ing manner. Every time a citizen is added, either by naturali- 
 zation, or arrival at majority, merchandise will be credited with 
 the aggregate value of his services and cash will be charged a 
 corresponding amount to maintain the exact equilibrium; and 
 whenever a citizen is lost by death or removal, merchandise will 
 be credited for the unpaid service as inventoried, and cash is 
 charged a corresponding amount which is taken from the depos- 
 itory and permanently retired. The trial balance, the profit and 
 loss account therefore, will depend at all times, solely and alone, 
 upon the increase and decrease of citizenship. In the social 
 and industrial economies, no account will be taken of land occu- 
 pied by the individual citizen or devoted to the private use of the 
 citizen, but there will always be a private debtor and credit 
 account between the citizen and the government, in order to 
 maintain the equilibrium of the government ledger into which 
 the service of every citizen and the cash which represents that 
 service are necessary elements. 
 
 That account will also stand at all times on a balance and 
 will be made up in the following manner. He will be charged 
 with the inventory value of his service as credited to merchandise 
 on the government ledger, and will be credited with cash on de- 
 posit with the government for the corresponding amount as it
 
 THE NEW COLUMBIA 63 
 
 also stands charged to government as against his services on the 
 plantation government ledger. 
 
 Every day that the citizen serves his own private interests or 
 refrains from service, the government day book show merchan- 
 dise credit five dollars charged to profit and loss, and credit five 
 dollars, also charged to profit and loss, and the individual account 
 stands John Doe, Dr., five dollars cash retired, and Cr. five dol- 
 lars merchandise, also retired. 
 
 The government loses the service and retires its value from 
 the inventory of assets, and the cash which represents it is re- 
 tired from circulation, thus balancing the books of the Common- 
 wealth, and of course, the individual, who in the social economic 
 sense, represents both, loses both, except if he plants flowers in 
 his garden he will have their presence and their fragrance ; if he 
 takes his family for an outing he will have the pleasures of this 
 excursion and its memories as among the experiences of his life. 
 
 If the individual serves the public in any capacity, it will go on 
 the books of the government after this wise : Merchandise (Com- 
 monwealth) will be charged five dollars and five dollars will be cred- 
 ited to cash. Merchandise (Betterment) five dollars will be cred- 
 ited to John Doe, and he will be charged five dollars. If the indi- 
 vidual out of product of his individual effort, or from the fruit of 
 his individual land, or the product of his manufactory, brings to the 
 government store product, and exchange it for product of like 
 economic value as fixed by the industrial statistics at the time, it 
 will be treated as a purely cash transaction not affecting any eco- 
 nomic change. The government store will keep but two general 
 double entry accounts, cash and merchandise, and the varieties of 
 merchandise will be wholly unimportant. If the individual takes 
 cash for his product, government merchandise will be charged and 
 government cash credited, and the department store books will 
 contain the corresponding entry. 
 
 If one individual serve another in his private business, whether
 
 64 THE NEW COLUMBIA 
 
 paid in currency, or product, that will effect no economic change 
 and require no entry; the system being all the time to have the cur- 
 rent circulating medium (the money, if you wish to call it money) 
 correspond at all times with the inventory value. Of course, when 
 two individuals exchange work, so to speak, for general economic 
 purposes, the value of these services, and the cash which such ser- 
 vice represents in the general inventory, goes out of the Common- 
 wealth, and must be retired from both sides of the ledger to main- 
 tain the equilibrium. 
 
 At each annual election, and in connection therewith the census 
 of citizenship will be taken, for every citizen will be registered so 
 as to determine at the close of the current electoral year, the exact 
 citizenship and the trial balance will then be made up at that time 
 by citizenship only; the increase will be credited to the bills paya- 
 ble account of merchandise, and the corresponding amount will 
 be charged to cash, and currency service certificates will be placed 
 in the government depositories. 
 
 CHAPTER XXXIX 
 
 THE FINANCIER 
 
 THE financier, and especially those of what is known as the 
 high variety, the professional financier, who has made 
 finance the study of his life, will at once inquire how is the 
 government going to make any profit out of all this business and all 
 of this book-keeping? The answer is ready, and it is, that profit 
 is not the purpose of government; at least, not that of just govern- 
 ment. That the only excuse for government, its only office or 
 function is to secure the well-being of both its sovereign, its sub- 
 jects, and its servants, the whole people. 
 
 To provide that system, and maintain it at all times, so that
 
 THE NEW COLUMBIA 65 
 
 each sovereign, each servant may be free to serve wherein he can 
 serv^e with pleasure to himself, and justice to his fellows, and be 
 secure in the just fruits and meeds of that service in whatever 
 department of human endeavor he may choose to serve. Every 
 child, every embryonic potentiality of citizenship shall be secured 
 an opportunity to learn the whole realm and round of industrial 
 economic utility; and having learned, to choose his occupation 
 and qualify himself for its duties and be assured an opportunity 
 to serve in that department when it is desirable or necessary for 
 him to serve, in order to supply his wants and those dependent 
 upon him in his domestic relations. 
 
 But, Mr. Financier will say, you have in the new order of gov- 
 ernmental arrangement, assumed large state and municipal inter- 
 est bearing obligations, and your government was owing billions 
 already of its old debt, which like the others, and the interest on 
 them all, are payable in gold coin, the only lawful and ultimate 
 commodity in which they are redeemable, and where is Shylock 
 going to get his pound of flesh, if the government is not operated 
 for profit ? 
 
 The answer is equally at hand. He is going to be paid in flesh 
 unless he will compromise for the products of service ; and if he 
 demands gold, he cannot have either flesh, nor the product of the 
 service of flesh, FOR ALL THE GOLD HE EVER HAD, OR 
 EVER COULD HAVE, IS OF LESS INTRINSIC VALUE IN 
 HUMAN ECONOMY, AND AS RESPONSIVE TO HUMAN 
 WANT, THAN ONE BARREL OF RHODE ISLAND 
 GREENINGS, AND HE HAS KNOWN THAT FACT FROM 
 THE DAY HE WAS BORN, but he has hitherto been enabled to 
 conceal it from humanity in all ages since the dawn of human his- 
 tory, " Go to now, ye rich men, weep and howl for your miseries 
 that shall come upon you. Your riches are corrupted, and your 
 garments are moth-eaten. Your gold and silver is cankered ; and 
 the rust of them shall be a witness against you and shall eat your
 
 66 THE NEW COLUMBIA 
 
 flesh as it were fire, ye have heaped treasures together for the last 
 days. Behold the hire of the laborers who have reaped down your 
 fields, which is of you kept back by fraud, crieth : And the cries 
 of them which have reaped are entered into the ears of the Lord of 
 Sabaoth. Ye have lived in pleasure on the earth, and been wan- 
 ton; ye have nourished your hearts as in the day of slaughter." 
 (James 5:1-6.) And a government which will do, or suffer one 
 subject to do untp another, what will result in taking part of the 
 fruit of the service of another, without rendering a just equivalent, 
 may well read and ponder this passage from the word of inspira- 
 tion. 
 
 If Shylock must have gold, government will try to dig it as 
 fast as he can eat it, but he must content himself with that diet, for 
 all else will be denied him. He will soon be glad to compromise 
 for the fruits of the earth, for he cannot buy them with gold ; for 
 this people will not use it except in the arts, and to erect monu- 
 ments to the folly of mankind, and when this people take that 
 stand, every other nation will stand likewise, or it will fall, for 
 wealth producers will desert it, and establish their homes in a land 
 of distributive justice, and royalty and aristocracy will do their own 
 washing and ironing, or it won't de done. 
 
 The functionaries of a government which will obligate its citi- 
 zenship, its wards, its beneficiaries, to pay, and mortgage their 
 posterity to secure the payment, of billions of dollars to be paid in 
 such a commodity as gold in chunks of a certain size, stamped 
 with the image of somebody, or some thing, and a like obligation 
 to pay usury (interest) at some ratio thereon, are likened only in 
 idiocy and imbecility to a farmer who had but one hen and no 
 rooster, and who would buy a ten thousand dollar farm on credit 
 and agree to pay the debt and interest in hen's eggs at 5cts. a dozen. 
 Yea, more idiotic, for even one fresh egg as responsive to human 
 want is infinitely more valuable than all the gold of all the Roths- 
 childs.
 
 THE NEW COLUMBIA 67 
 
 When the currency, the circulating medium for (he exchange of 
 all values, service, and its product alike, is always equal in volume, 
 and book or market, commercial value, there will be no shrink- 
 age in values, but they will remain uniform. The citizen who puts 
 the surplus of his earnings into a home will always know that its 
 commercial value, like its economic value, will remain unchanged, 
 so that if perchance he may find it to his private advantage to 
 change his location he will not be compelled to sacrifice. One 
 form of property will be interchangeable for another. And the 
 legal tender currency will be the evidence of all forms of property, 
 and the exact parity will all the, time be maintained; it will be 
 invariable and unvarying. There will be at all times in the gov- 
 ernment depository, and charged to cash on the government books, 
 the five dollars which stands as the just representative of that 
 day's service of the citizen ; which he may serve, and have, or he 
 may forego, and permit its cash equivalent to go into retirement 
 and out of circulation. It is his to all intents, for it stands as 
 the just representative of his own service; but if he will possess 
 it, he must render its just equivalent in service, to the end that 
 the economic ledger of the government may at all times balance. 
 
 At the age of eighteen years, each citizen will have standing 
 against his expectancy of life's service, and in the government 
 depository and on its cash account, five dollars for every working 
 day for forty years; in round numbers sixty thousand dollars. 
 He may prefer to retire upon a home or farm and supply all of his 
 wants (if that were possible) and permit all of his proportion of the 
 circulating medium (Standard of economic value) (money) 
 to go into retirment ; and the assets which his services represents 
 on the other side of the government ledger to be credited off to 
 profit and loss, But he may serve, if he pleases, and be rewarded 
 to the extent that he serves, and abundant opportunity will be 
 afforded him to serve, and that, and nothing short of that, will 
 ever accomplish justice in popular government.
 
 68 THE NEW COLUMBIA 
 
 CHAPTER XL 
 
 THE ELECTION OF MONEY AND ITS CANDIDATES 
 
 IN the discussion which preceded the election of the new gov- 
 ernment plan no subject presented anything like the interest 
 that was manifested in the proposition to elect "service certifi- 
 cates" to the office of Money. The people were so accustomed to 
 the instinct that gold and silver, especially gold, had a life tenure 
 in that office. 
 
 In fact, there were some who had apparently overlooked the 
 fact that Money was an office, as well as an officer; and that it 
 had a dual existence, and that as in the judiciary, a man might be 
 judge by name, and judge by office. They had heard, of course, 
 that it was a medium of exchange, and that it was a measure (stan- 
 dard) of value ; yet that it was an office which, like all other offices, 
 Was Created by Law, had never entered into their mental cal- 
 culation, and the discovery of this important fact wrought wonders 
 in their cranial apartments and entirely disillusioned and dis- 
 fetiched them, and brought them to an immediate consciousness of 
 the utter impotency and unfitness of either gold, or silver, or both, 
 for the proper and economic performance of the obvious duties of 
 that important office. 
 
 As we have said, all offices are created by law; and this par- 
 ticular office was created by a law made at "a time whereof the 
 memory of man runneth not to the contrary." It was created by 
 the custom of the ancients and having created the office, they pro- 
 ceeded to elect and install its incumbent ; and after a time metals of 
 various kinds were so elected and installed. The office and officer 
 first acquired the name money when metal was first coined in the 
 Roman temple erected to Juno, and it was named money from the
 
 THE NEW COLUMBIA 69 
 
 word monere, meaning to warn or to remind. It was a system of 
 accounting, of bookkeeping, before books were invented ; it simply 
 performed the office of a receipt in the transaction of business. 
 
 The functions, the duties of the office of money have never been 
 changed; the office in all ages, as now, has been simply and solely 
 a medium of the exchange of value in forms of property, and a 
 measure by which such values were determined for the purposes 
 of the exchange. In this just conception of the office of money, it 
 is necessary to go back and analyze the other words, or better, the 
 things with which the official functions of the office have to offici- 
 ate ; namely, value and property. Value, like money, is rather a 
 function, an office, than a substance. In fact, value, in the last 
 analysis, is nothing short of or different from ultilty. The value 
 of a thing depends wholly upon its capacity to supply some want 
 or gratify some desire ; in this aspect, value cannot be separated 
 from the physical substance which supplies the want, or ministers 
 to, and gratifies the desire. Value then becomes a measure of 
 utility, and that is all the office which that word can perform in the 
 vocabulary of human language, or in any department of human 
 economy. 
 
 Now, what is property? Why, manifestly, it is the physical, 
 tangible substance which possesses the qualities capable of respond- 
 ing to the wants of society individually and collectively ; and what 
 are those wants ? They are comparatively few, and are compre- 
 hended in the terms food, clothing, shelter, recreation, amusement, 
 education, medical and surgical attendance, and a few others 
 which might be counted on the fingers of one human hand. The 
 forms of property are innumerable, but they are found to be within, 
 so far as utility goes, the offices in the supply of human wants al- 
 ready specified. What then is the source from which property 
 springs or originates? And by what process, what means, is it 
 brought into being? Manifestly, by the service (labor) of man, 
 with or without the cooperation of the laws of nature, or the aid
 
 70 THE NEW COLUMBIA 
 
 of machinery, which itself is one form of property and like all other 
 forms, comes of the service of man. 
 
 Service, therefore, is found to lie at the very foundation of all 
 things which come within any conception or definition of the word 
 property ; and it is of the very essence of all things which supply 
 the wants, and gratify the desires of the people. 
 
 Service being the cause of all things, and the inseparable con- 
 comitant of all things, the conclusion is irresistible that it should 
 be the standard by which the value of all things is to be measured 
 and determined. Nothing within the conception of the human 
 mind is so constant, so unfailing, so uniform in response to human 
 wants as service. It accompanies his advent to the world, it 
 guards him through the perils and weaknesses of childhood, it 
 trains his mind, it nourishes and clothes his body, it bears his every 
 burden, it ministers to him in sickness, and in health, it prepares 
 his soul for eternity, it furnishes his shroud and consigns his body 
 to Mother Earth, and if service is not value, nothing is and nothing 
 can be. 
 
 The next thing in order in the diagnosis is to get a comprehen- 
 sion of the significance of the word business, so let's look into that. 
 That which by some is regarded as revelation, and by all as sacred 
 history, reminds us that business began in the second verse of the 
 Fourth chapter of Genesis when Cain started farming, and his 
 brother Abel engaged in stock raising. This marks the advent of 
 property, in the institutions and activities of mankind; and all 
 forms of property evolved from this beginning; and as we have 
 said, the service of man applied to the natural resources of Mother 
 Earth, produced them all. 
 
 Cain and Abel were the body politic, the sovereign people, and 
 the servants of the people, and the business and commercial world. 
 Exchange then began, and at first assumed the form of barter, 
 exchanging the fruit, the product of service in one department for 
 that in the other, measured always by the service involved in its
 
 THE NEW COLUMBIA 71 
 
 creation. This service was justly measured by time, the measure 
 of the duration of the service required, like the measure of the span 
 of the life of the servant. 
 
 Later, to facilitate exchange an arbitrary, but just standard 
 was conceived and adopted to measure the value of the product of 
 service (property) with reference to the length of service required 
 to produce it, and then it was that the office of money was created 
 by law; that is, by custom, which when once established and uni- 
 formly adopted and applied to the transaction of men, becomes 
 law. 
 
 Having established the office of money, various material sub- 
 stances were from time to time elected or appointed to that 
 ofl5ce and eventually Mr. Gold and Miss Silver were so elected 
 centuries ago. And little Master Copper and Baby Platinum have 
 been permitted to perform minor functions, but for the most part 
 Mr. Gold has for centuries, in the idiocy of men and governments, 
 been elected to tJie office of jnoney in all nations. 
 
 In this unhappy country just now. Miss Silver is suffered 
 grudgingly by Mr. Gold to ride in the royal chaise, but she is 
 required, like all other women, to be content and submissive to 
 the domination of the male bird ; and accorded less than half of 
 her proper prerogative in the political and industrial economy. 
 
 To illustrate fully the origin of the office of money and its orig- 
 inal incumbents, Cain and Abel, the sovereign people, the law 
 makers, held a constitutional convention, and organized them- 
 selves into a legislative body and passed a verbal resolution, (they 
 could not write) to substantially the following effect : 
 
 Whereas, property is the fruit of service, and it is just for all 
 purposes of barter and exchange that its value should be fixed by 
 the LENGTH OF SERVICE required in its creation, and Whereas, 
 instead of marking and measuring this duration of service by divi- 
 sions of time, like years and its various component units, we will 
 adopt a different plan, under a purely arbitrary name, to perform
 
 72 THE NEW COLUMBIA 
 
 the same office, and Whereas, time of service is as well as justly 
 measured in dollars, shillings, dimes, cents, and mills, as in years, 
 months, days and hours. 
 
 Therefore, Be it Resolved, that we make money in our own 
 image, and that of Caesar and Washington and Lincoln and the 
 American Eagle, as a stick, a standard wherewith to measure the 
 exchange value of our service, in the various products and proper- 
 ties which we create. 
 
 Being unable to write their laws, creating this office of money, 
 they were compelled to symbolize. They could not engrave and 
 print them and be secured against their counterfeit, and put their 
 law creating the office upon a statute book, as is done in modern 
 times, thereby evidencing the fact that the bearer of the incumbent 
 of the office had performed a service equal to the denomination of 
 the symbol. 
 
 This symbol, this incumbent, this officer, personified in this 
 chunk of metal, when taken in connection with the law (custom) 
 which created the ofl5ce, signified this, and only this, that the 
 bearer, the possessor of this symbol, has performed a service for 
 the Commonwealth of the value of the denomination of the symbol, 
 either by improving the common highway, or driving off the bar- 
 barians from the land of Nod, or by bringing the fruits of his farm 
 to the common store ; and when the bearer takes from the com- 
 mon store, in the product of the service of Abel, the corresponding 
 value in fruit, he will return and give up to the Commonwealth 
 this symbol. 
 
 Commonwealth is not organized for profit. It has no identity 
 distinct from the people who compose it. It creates by law the 
 ofl&ce of money and the people elect the incumbent substance; 
 but the substance, the functionary, Mr. Gold (Money, monere, 
 to warn, to remind), is simply the bookkeeper, the timekeeper, 
 who records the product of the service of the people and stands as 
 their certificate of such service, until the certificate holder ex-
 
 THE NFAV COLUMBIA 73 
 
 changes it for the fruits of other service ; and when it returns to 
 the government it is nothing until it is again reissued as evidence 
 of another and wholly distinct service. 
 
 Service results in property ; even though appHed to the repair 
 or construction of highways, to the education of the youth, or to 
 the fighting of the battles, or the supply of common necessities, 
 and adds to the common welfare of the Commonwealth ; and the 
 servant is entitled to credit for such service on the books of the 
 Commonwealth, but what is far better, he is entitled to a legal 
 
 TENDER CERTIFICATE, ISSUED BY THE GOVERNMENT OF THE COM- 
 MONWEALTH v^HiCH HE HAS SERVED, Certifying that he has per- 
 formed that service and fixing its arbitrary value, at the standard 
 by which all sen'ice to the Commonwealth is measured ; and this, 
 and this only is the legitimate function of the office of money in the 
 social and industrial economies and institutions of men. Money 
 in the hands of the sovereign, the law-making power, which alone 
 can create it, is nothing but a blank, unused certificate, that is, to 
 show to the world when issued, that its possessor has performed its 
 just equivalent in some form of useful service to the Common- 
 wealth. 
 
 No subject of government is entitled to the substance elected 
 to the office of money, which must emanate from the sovereign, 
 until he has performed a service to the government of the value 
 named, but never contained, in the substance, whatever it may be, 
 which has been elected or appointed to the office of money, unless 
 he has performed a like service for some person, who had already 
 performed a like service and obtained the evidence thereof in like 
 current service certificates. 
 
 The only way, therefore, in which the subject can get money 
 from the store from which money must originate, is either to 
 perform a valued service for the Commonwelath, or bring to the 
 department source of the Commonwealth the fruit of his service 
 applied in individual pursuit; and whatever more of money he
 
 74 THE NEW COLUMBIA 
 
 gets must come from serving some other subject who has gotten 
 his money by the same process. Money, then, in the last and 
 final analysis, that is, money the functionary, the officer, as always 
 distinguished from the office, is nothing but government book- 
 keeping; and if the volume of money is made, and kept to 
 correspond at all times with the transactions of government and 
 its subjects, as it must, and ultimately will be, that will be the 
 end of the credit system between individuals, which has been the 
 bane of men and nations since the dawn of commercial history. 
 
 The money, then, the functionary, the officer, represents the 
 credit account of the subject at the store of the Commonwealth; 
 and when the subject goes with his credit (his money) to the store, 
 and there secures its equivalent in the fruit of other forms of ser- 
 vice which have been brought there, he gives up, exhausts his credit 
 and the receipt is torn up, and the money retired from circulation 
 until it is issued anew, to stand again for a distinct and wholly 
 original transaction. 
 
 This substance, this functionary which holds the office of 
 money, is not wealth at all ; it is simply the evidence, issued 
 and certified by the government, that it represents the ser- 
 vice OF the subjects of government corresponding to the 
 
 FACE of the certificate. 
 
 Let us illustrate in a familiar way : I have your note for 
 ten dollars ; the note is not wealth, it is not even money, for it does 
 not perform its office ; it is what the lawyers call the evidence of a 
 debt or obligation ; when you pay the note, I have got money, but 
 money is no more substantial than the note, it does not satisfy a 
 single want and it is not property if you had all you could count 
 in a million years, you could not sustain your life a moment by 
 its aid, but when you take it to the store of Commonwealth and 
 exchange it for the real things of life, then, and only then have you 
 either property or wealth. The wealth is the product of labor 
 applied to something capable of increased utility in response to the
 
 THE NEW COLUMBIA 75 
 
 need of mankind, and money (substance performing the ofi&ce of 
 money) is merely the evidence that the fruit of the service which it 
 stands for is in the inventory of common stock of the Common- 
 wealth, AND HAS NOT BEEN CONSUMED. 
 
 Now, if we have not clearly demonstrated that money is an 
 office, a function in governmental social economy, to be filled by the 
 election or appointment of some substance competent to per- 
 form its function, then we do not see how it is possible to demon- 
 strate any proposition in human economy ; and we will defer fur- 
 ther effort, until we find that further demonstration is necessary, 
 when we will gladly take up the task where we laid it down, for 
 until that important truth is known and recognized, money will 
 continue in the future, as in the past, and at the present, to be the 
 cause of most, if not all, the discord and injustice which afflict the 
 sons of Adam. 
 
 Conceding, or assuming then, that money is an office, and that 
 its sole function is to measure the value of service, or its product 
 to the Commonwealth, which by law creates the office, or some 
 member of the Commonwealth who pays him in kind for like ser- 
 vice of equal value, let us consider and determine a suitable can- 
 didate for the office of money. 
 
 This is the great, the all-absorbing, question that has been in the 
 minds of this people for generations; it is involved in the burning 
 question of currency reform, and outside of those whose treasure 
 and whose heart is invested in national banking business, wherein 
 by the indifference of God and the idiocy or prostitution of gov- 
 ernmental agencies the people, the government mortgage posteri- 
 ty, unborn generations to buy gold candidate for the office of money, 
 then endorse the notes commercial paper of the bank, BEARING 
 NO INTEREST, print and engrave it for Mr. National Banker 
 and suffer him to lend it at usury to his neighbor, and yet he seems 
 to think himself a patriot and a good citizen, but it is simply 
 because it is an easy way of living, and the custom is so old that it
 
 76 THE NEW COLUMBIA 
 
 really does not look quite respectable till you get a good square 
 look at it. In fact, it should be said in mitigation of the present 
 generation that it was born before he was, and its decency is just 
 being looked into. But, outside of this class, no one would sup- 
 port Mr. Gold or Mr. Any-other-Metal, for the office of money, 
 any sooner than they would support a professional burglar for the 
 oflSce of state treasurer. 
 
 There are almost innumerable objections to the election of 
 metal to the ofiice of money. First, it is a wholly useless and un- 
 necessary waste of a material useful in the arts and manufacture. 
 Second, it costs in service, better applied to other use, nearly as 
 much to get it as the value which it represents after it is manufac- 
 tured. Third, it is unwieldly and inconvenient, and no one will 
 take it any appreciable quantity, and it is stacked in vaults when 
 it could much better be applied to some just economic use. (If 
 it was not elected money, it is worth less, economically, than iron.) 
 
 Fourth, it is impossible to employ, elect and install it in the 
 office of money, without giving to its possessor or discoverer an 
 unjust special privilege nearly equal to the value which, under 
 THE LAW, it represents, and that robbery is as much worse than 
 any tariff graft, in its effect on the people, as can be well imagined. 
 Fifth, it is wholly and obviously insufficient in quantity (Numbers) 
 and has been for centuries, to perform the office of measuring the 
 value of service which is the source of all property and of all wealth. 
 
 The gold family, by the idiocy of man, has been elected to the 
 office of money in all the commonwealths of history ; and all have 
 paid the penalty, a thousand fold, and will continue to pay it until 
 this nation, wherein the voice of the people will become the voice 
 of God just as soon as they can clear their throats, and they are 
 clearing fast. 
 
 Finally (for the present), it is a false standard, a dishonest and 
 unjust ■ measure of anything. It expands and contracts in the 
 proportion in which its family increases or diminishes. The fam-
 
 THE NEW COLUMBIA 77 
 
 ily of Mr. Gold increases more or less, but being the Royal Fam- 
 ily OF ALL NATIONS, it persists in spending much time abroad. 
 It is entertained and invited to foreign courts, and whenever Mr. 
 National Bank wants to pinch some Wall Street gambler, or defeat 
 some Bryan, or take over the Tennessee Coal and Iron Company, 
 and hitch it in tow to the Steel Trust, he has only to request Mr. 
 Rothschild to invite Mr. Gold to Europe, and then the government 
 down at the National Museum in the District of Columbia must 
 issue bonds and mortgage posterity for a few generations, to get 
 some more candidate ior the office money. 
 
 When, in the sixties, the boys down South, to protect their 
 sacred right of private property in their slaves, and insure the 
 right to take such property into whatever territory they might 
 desire to take themselves, sought to form a more perfect union 
 and insure more domestic tranquillity and secure the blessings of 
 more liberty to themselves and their posterity, by opening fire on 
 Fort Sumpter, and when Mr. Lincoln undertook to make them 
 go home and be decent, the whole Gold Family went abroad and 
 Lincoln had to give a mortgage on his people, in the neighborhood 
 of three Gold for one, with usury added, to employ the service 
 needed to save the life of the nation ; until the people elected the 
 Greenback to the office of money, and even then, that was only a 
 temporary expedient ; for, in the hurry of the election of the Green- 
 back, it was provided that he should be exchanged for Mr. Gold 
 and redeemed in Mr. Gold, if he ever came back; and he has 
 never come home to this day, in any such quantity, as to fill the 
 office, and this people will never get out of debt, and no one ex- 
 pects them to, and Mr. Gold will never allow them to, if he can pre- 
 vent it ; and if he can measure the value of all things, he can always 
 prevent it. 
 
 Mr. Gold in his office of money has always measured all the 
 service more or less with the same stick. The service can never 
 get larger than his yard stick. No matter how much the service
 
 78 THE NEW COLUMBIA 
 
 may increase, or its products accumulate, and no matter what its 
 utility in the economies and necessities of the people, it is never 
 more valuable than the stick of Mr. Gold. 
 
 Whenever the product of service outgrows the yard stick of 
 ]\Ir. Gold, he yells over-production; and the wheels of industry 
 must stop and the industrious must starve in the midst of plenty. 
 Mr. Gold is a gambler, he calls it foreign exchange when he goes 
 over to hob-nob with his royal relatives in the courts of Europe. 
 And then he has another vicious habit, and that is dealing with the 
 poor of foreign countries in the products of American labor. He 
 calls it Commerce, and talks about the balance of trade. 
 
 He measures the farmer's wheat one day ; it measures five dol- 
 lars, five bushels. He measures the same wheat the next day, and 
 it measures five bushels all right, but he only measures it two dol- 
 lars; in short, one day the wood pile measures a cord, but the next 
 day but half a cord. The farmer says, this is the same wheat you 
 measured yesterday, and it involves the same service and responds 
 to the same want, but Mr. Gold says that there is a certain law, 
 which he calls a law of supply and demand, which controls the val- 
 ue of your service and its products, and unless I can measure it 
 short enough, so that I can sell it for profit, I will not measure it at 
 all, and you and your neighbors may die and starve in the midst 
 of plenty. That Mr. Gold is not doing business for his health; 
 if he cannot make a profit on your labor sufficient so that he can 
 pay the expenses of his trip abroad, your business must stop and 
 you and your neighbors must starve. That he understands that 
 governments are not organized or run for profit, but that govern- 
 ment officers are, and that he, Mr. Gold, occupies the felicitous 
 office of Money, the standard of the value of your services and 
 those of your unborn children, and if he desires to do so 
 he will tie you up in bunches and sell you to diaz of 
 Mexico into peonage. 
 
 In short, he "will crucify mankind on a cross of gold," William
 
 THE NEW COLUMBIA 79 
 
 Jennings Bryan, of Lincoln, Nebraska, to the contrary notwith- 
 standing. 
 
 He measures your farm and home, which cost the same service, 
 and performs the same office in human economy, ten thousand dol- 
 lars one year and five thousand dollars the next. He explains to 
 you that there is financial stringency,which he says causes a shrink- 
 age in the value of property ; if there is financial stringency 
 
 IT IS BECAUSE THE GOLD FAMILY DON't PROPOGATE, OR BECAUSE 
 THEY HAVE GONE TO EUROPE AND ARE NEGLECTING THE DUTIES 
 OF THEIR HIGH OFFICE. 
 
 When he gets into a game of foreign exchange, the Gold bugs 
 of Europe pluck his plumage and break his tape line in two. He 
 
 SIMPLY CHANGES THE FIGURES ON IT, AND COMES HOME AND 
 MEASURES YOUR HONEST SERVICE AND ITS HONEST PRODUCT WITH 
 
 HIS DISHONEST STICK, and tells you that it is over-production, 
 financial stringency, shrinkage of values, and when he stops your 
 clock altogether, he yells panic ; that is, when the gamblers of Wall 
 Street, and the gamblers and money changers of Europe, the 
 buyers and sellers for profit, "who toil not, neither do they spin," 
 have just simply got him broke, and like all gamblers and all other 
 dishonest men in and out of office, he is a liar from the foundations 
 of the world and he knows it, and it is about time the people of this 
 nation, who have the power to do it, put him forever out of the 
 office of money, which he always has, and always will prostitute and 
 debauch. 
 
 If you will just stop and think for half of one moment, you will 
 see that one bushel of wheat, and one pound of wool, and one quar- 
 ter of lamb, is worth just as much today, and no more, than they 
 were the day that Cain and Abel started business; and the same 
 is true of every staple product which responds to the wants 
 and ministers to the desires of man. And if Mr. Gold was sunk 
 in the middle of Hades, this people, and every other people on the 
 face of God's green earth, would adjust the value of their services
 
 8o THE NEW COLUMBIA 
 
 in ten days, by economic statistics taken from annual census re- 
 turns ; and when they got more product than they could use, they 
 would simply do what any sensible person does when he has 
 enough, quit business, or quit eating till he could get up another 
 appetite, or until he had consumed enough to make it proper and 
 prudent to fire up the boiler and produce some more. 
 
 Service is always service ; and its fruit is practically the same 
 with unfailing beneficence : And the officer which measures it one 
 way today and another tomorrow, and deliberatley lies to you to 
 deceive you into submission to, and reconciliation with, his unjust 
 juggling and manipulation, is a dishonest ofl&cial, and you must 
 discharge him, and turn him out of office, or he will steal the nails 
 out of your coffin. 
 
 The officer who today measures your service, or its products, 
 its the same thing, at two dollars, and tomorrow measures the 
 same service and the same product at one, is a thief and scoundrel 
 and you can't trust him and when he has kept up his system of 
 public plunder through all the ages of human history, since his 
 first installation in office, you must not hope for his reformation. 
 If reform were in his organism, he would have long since mani- 
 fested its symptoms. 
 
 We have searched the whole realm of human activity and inven- 
 tion for a suitable candidate for the office of money in a govern- 
 ment OF THE PEOPLE, BY THE PEOPLE, AND FOR THE PEOPLE, and 
 we have found it. We have discovered that service is the ne plus 
 ultra of value and hence the only just standard by which value can 
 be measured. 
 
 We have learned by authentic census statistics that the average 
 economic value of service (labor) as measured by its products in 
 manufacture, in this land of promised liberty and equality, is a 
 trifle over five dollars a day. 
 
 We are going to make that day for the time being six hours and 
 we are going to value it at five dollars, and we are going to pay
 
 THE NEW COLUMBIA 8i 
 
 that to everybody, and we are going to put everybody in a position 
 to perform a service in which he or she will merit it, if they are 
 faithful, and that is all we are going to pay anybody. One hon- 
 est SIX HOUR day's service IS GOING TO BE THE LEGAL STAN- 
 DARD OF VALUE IN George Washington's country in our day 
 
 AND generation, AND THE EXCHANGE VALUE OF THAT SERVICE, 
 for all COMMERCIAL PURPOSES, IS GOING TO BE FIVE DOLLARS. 
 
 Engraved certificates of service are going to be elected by this 
 people to the office of Money; and gold and all other metals are 
 going into the place where they can perform a useful office, without 
 destroying either the lives or the happiness of this people. And the 
 sooner the worshippers of the gold god Mammon understand that 
 the Hebrew children are once more out of the fiery furnace, the 
 sooner they will be ready to go ahead and help earn their own liv- 
 ing and perfect their title to life and its blessing. 
 
 CHAPTER XLI 
 
 THE GENERAL CLEARING HOUSE 
 
 WHEN, under the new regime, service certificates be- 
 come the current circulating medium, gold and silver 
 will go into disuse as money, as will also all forms 
 of government or corporate obligations (deputy money), and cer- 
 tificates that that stuff is piled up in the museum at the District of 
 Columbia, which in the idiocy of Juno and man, has been called 
 money. 
 
 Its utter worthlessness and uneconomy as material out of 
 which to maintain a circulating medium will at once become appar- 
 ent. No one ever conceived that money, of what material soever 
 constructed, was of itself valuable; but only that it represented 
 value in other forms of wealth; just as under the enlightened
 
 82 THE NEW COLUMBIA 
 
 adjustment, the service certificates do ; and as all the coin certifi- 
 cates and corporate obligations (National Bank notes) and Treas- 
 ury notes (Greenbacks) were, by the short-sightedness of Shylock, 
 payable in this same worthless commodity ; there will be panic for 
 a few moments, but it will be confined to those whose only personal 
 assets are of that ethereal and effervescent character. 
 
 No other country on earth can maintain such a standard a 
 moment after this nation relegates gold to the domain of art, and 
 any creditor, foreign and domestic, will be only too happy to be 
 paid in the products of service which alone sustain life and alone 
 possess true intrinsic value. 
 
 No one would care to be paid in a commodity which was of no 
 utility and of no market value. Something which he himself could 
 not use and which nobody else would want, or could be induced to 
 exchange anything of value for. And as all so-called debts, at the 
 birth of what may as well be called the Christian Era (for the birth 
 of the Blessed Master was but its prophecy and promise) will be 
 indifferent as to its payment, and would not carry it home for it, 
 and that will be the final clearing, the universal discharge in bank- 
 ruptcy. 
 
 Of course, the so-called creditor class will repine and regret 
 that they did not have their obligations payable in some commodity 
 which would sustain life, and afford ease and comfort, so that they 
 might still live by the sweat and toil of their fellow men in the future, 
 as in the past ; but they will be no different, no worse, and no more 
 disappointed than the pursuers of other phantoms and mirages 
 which have no existence except in the delusion of humanity. 
 
 But they will have their expectancy. They are still sovereigns 
 as they are servants; they will enjoy what a just government re- 
 quires them to accord to all men and women, " Equal suffrage, 
 equal rights and responsibilities, and equal opportunities," which 
 has been the false and delusive promise always held before the eyes 
 of this people since the organization of this government.
 
 THE NEW COLUMBIA 83 
 
 CHAPTER XLII 
 
 THE EFFECT UPON THE INDIVIDUAL ENERGY 
 AND INITIATIVE 
 
 THE first and most inspiring manifestation will be the uni- 
 versal spontaneous bloom of perennial and ever expand- 
 ing patriotism. 
 Every child will feel a just pride in the fact that this is his, or 
 her country; that he is a stockholder in this grand corporation, 
 with equal voice and vote, and that there are no longer any bonds, 
 nor preferred stocks ; that he and his children, and his children's 
 children own and will always own, an equal interest, with every 
 other child of Columbia, in every spike, and tie, palace, and freight 
 car, and the locomotive that draws it into every vale, over every 
 plain and mountain of this broad and happy land, every inch of 
 which will some day blossom like the Eden of our fore-parents. 
 " I love every inch of her prairie land, each stone in her mountain 
 side. 
 I love every drop of her water pure, that flows in her rivers wide. 
 I love every tree, every blade of grass within Columbia's gates, 
 For the Queen of the Earth is the land of my birth, my Re- 
 United States." 
 It is difficult, if not impossible, for what might be termed the 
 upper crust, the cream of society, to say nothing of the common 
 people, to feel that this is " My Country, 'tis of thee, sweet land 
 of liberty" when all the representatives of all sections of all states 
 are unable to effect an appropriation in the lower "People's house," 
 House of Congress, of fifty cents to save some soldier's widow from 
 the poor house, without the consent and approval of one repre- 
 sentative, one large gun, from one district in the state of Illinois. 
 "That all men are created equal, and endowed by their Creator
 
 84 THE NEW COLUMBIA 
 
 with certain inalienable rights among which are life, liberty and the 
 pursuit of happiness" when a small element of society is rolling and 
 lolling in luxury on the spoils of this fair land, while their automo- 
 biles are passing honest, earnest fathers praying for the right to 
 work and live, and hungry wives and children are dying for the 
 want of care; and the middle classes, between the extremes of 
 wealth and poverty, are contending one with another in what is 
 justly termed a veritable organized antagonism ; where business 
 if it can be justly so dignified, is little short of war to the knife, with 
 the knife to the hilt. 
 
 That when we need a measure of prime importance to the 
 people in nation, state or municipality, we must begin before the 
 primaries to find a candidate who will stand for it, then struggle 
 night and day for weeks or months to secure his nomination and 
 election, and then stand at all times between him and a corrupt and 
 prostituted lobby. 
 
 That " he (Washington) threw back the fetters, he headed the 
 strife, till man's charter was fairly restored. Then he prayed for 
 the moment when liberty and life should no longer be pressed by 
 the sword," when the energies of government are exerted, her 
 treasury depleted, and her posterity encumbered, if not her agen- 
 cies prostituted, to construct a ship canal to float the engine of war, 
 and exploit the heathen of the Orient in the name of a Commerce, 
 little short of rapine. 
 
 That we have formed a perfect union, established justice, 
 insured domestic tranquillity, promoted the general welfare, and 
 secured the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity" 
 when since the date of the adoption of our corporate charter, (our 
 Constitution of 1787) we have, in the turmoil of civil war to destroy 
 that Union, and the political warfare incident to the idiotic main- 
 tenance of fifty governments, more or less, with their endless ret- 
 inue of parasites in the name of a government for one people, with 
 one country, one flag, and one purpose, and in the greater idiocy of
 
 THE NEW COLUMBIA 85 
 
 partisan politics, wasted sutlQcient energy and money, (if money 
 there is) to pave this land with asphalt, and plant its barren wastes 
 with flowers, to say nothing of the blood and tears suflacient for its 
 irrigation. 
 
 The next noticeable but no less beneficent manifestation of 
 the new regime will be the immediate elimination of the race 
 •question in all its aspects, that ever present problem, so menacing 
 to the peace of this nation. There can in the nature of things be no 
 classes in a society where all are absolutely free. When the legis- 
 lative powers are vested in a board of two governors from each 
 state, and no local or special legislation is tolerated, and one people, 
 the colored man, if you please, is at liberty to go where fancy leads 
 him, there is no menace of colored voters by force of superior num- 
 ber controlling the white man's government and legislating in the 
 interest of his class, or his color, and that removes the last vestige 
 of the disturbing, perturbing, bone of contention which has always 
 strained and once nearly severed the bonds of this union. 
 
 There can be no competition in the labor market, or any other 
 market, and that is the prime cause at the bottom of what may be 
 called the Yellow Peril. If the emigrant from China, or the op- 
 pressed of other lands wants to pick up his wife and children, and 
 come among us with an honest heart and purpose, and adopt our 
 country as his home and help us with his strong and steady hand 
 to make it a fit habitation for husband, wife and children, as God 
 designed that all lands should be ; to make the desert places blos- 
 som like the rose and respond to the wants of men, he will be wel- 
 come. He wont want gold, for when we have demonetized it, all 
 other nations will be conpelled to do likewise. 
 
 He will be a blessing, for he will perform a valued service in the 
 future as in the past. He has been trained and accustomed and 
 inured by experience and adaptation to a work that many of our 
 people are both unwilling and unable to perform. He will go 
 where the steam shovel and the traction ditcher cannot work, and
 
 86 THE NEW COLUMBIA 
 
 but for the ever present struggle for the right, and opportunity to 
 labor, he would in all the past, as in all the future, have been 
 doubly welcome. He always was and always will be, willing and 
 jealous to do his full share ; and when once for all. Commonwealth 
 in fact, not less than name, is accomplished, the race problem will 
 forever evaporate. 
 
 We must not leave this subject until we remember and empha- 
 size that this is God's land, that ere the white man set his foot 
 upon its fertile soil, God had planted upon it a race of human be- 
 ings in the execution of his Divine will. That by the treachery, 
 PERFIDY AND CRUELTY of the white man that race is nearly extinct 
 and removed from the face of nature, and the last remnant is now 
 aboutjo be pushed into the Pacific. That but for the white man's 
 statute of limitations, the red brother might yet repossess himself 
 of this fair land by laws of the white man's enactment. It is by the 
 mercy only of the Great Spirit of the Native i\mericans that the 
 white man is still permitted to inhabit this fair land ; and these 
 reflections should soften the heart of the white man toward the 
 expiring remnant of God's native American, and cause him to 
 welcome the oppressed of all lands who come for succor and sus- 
 tenance to this cradle of human liberty. 
 
 Finally, under this head, all this absurd idiocy of political party 
 system, and machinery, would fall apart ; for it would have nothing 
 to induce the people to perpetuate a controversy. The people will 
 have passed by and over all the so-called political issues, the stuff 
 called policy put into party platforms, for the mere temporary 
 purpose of causing a division of the people, while they install from 
 the system and horde of political parasites the particular crew 
 that for a period are to levy tribute on the trusts (the Captains of 
 Industry) and hold the agencies of protective government away 
 from the people, while they reimburse themselves for their cam- 
 paign contributions. 
 
 The real business of government will be in the civil semce, and
 
 THE NEW COLUMBIA 87 
 
 in the heads of the various departments, and the Governors will 
 have very little functiong after once the plant is equipped and in 
 operation. 
 
 There will be local self-government, executive, administrative, 
 and judicial, in every township and county, and the laws will be so 
 simple, and the knowledge of them so easily attained, and no cause 
 for social injustice, that the nation will go forward to lasting inter- 
 nal peace and tranquillity and superabundant social and indi- 
 vidual prosperity; then, indeed, will the dream of the founders of 
 popular government come true. 
 
 CHAPTER XLIII 
 
 THE WAY IT CAME ABOUT 
 
 THE inquiry naturally arises. How could it be, that within 
 five years after the triumphant election and installation 
 of that illustrious trio, Taft, Tariff and Trusts, there 
 could be such a popular upheaval, as that there could be a 
 unanimous vote in favor of establishing the new Columbia — this 
 radical change in governmental policy, plant and machinery? 
 
 While it may not be possible in one brief chapter, to enumerate 
 all of the causes which led to this phenomonal popular restoration 
 to political and industrial sanity, we may point to a few of the lead- 
 ing causes, and the reader may then by a natural process of philo- 
 sophic deduction, readily discern those of which we omit specific 
 mention. 
 
 Probably the most potent reason was that the nation, most of 
 the states, all of the municipalities, and ninety percent of the peo- 
 ple, were totally and irretrievably bankrupt. Gold having been 
 the recognized legal standard of value, the only recognized candi- 
 date for the office of money, and hence the only commodity or sub-
 
 88 THE NEW COLUMBIA 
 
 stance of ultimate payment of this mountain of debt; and its 
 annual increase in the United States in 1908 having been but 
 eighty million dollars, twenty-one million dollars less than the 
 economic value of the fruit crop of one state of the union, it be- 
 came at once apparent, that it was utterly impossible for this peo- 
 ple, this nation, these states, and these municipalities groaning 
 under this burden of debt to ever hope to pay its debts in gold or 
 under the gold standard policy which Shylock had fastened upon 
 this oppressed people. 
 
 That no scheme could be devised by tariff revision or otherwise, 
 by state, nation, or individuals by which this enormous debt could 
 ever be paid in gold. That the gold was not either in sight, or in 
 prospect ; that the gold output would not pay the interest on the 
 debt, to say nothing of the principal ; and that if all the property 
 in the nation were sold at auction, it would not bring gold enough 
 to pay the debt, for the gold was not in existence and in all proba- 
 bility never would be. 
 
 That the ever-increasing burden of taxation had become intol- 
 erable ; and that the people could not get the means wherewith to 
 pay such taxes. That by reason of the absence of gold money, 
 which was the legal standard by which the value of all things was 
 required to be measured. That the value of all forms of productive 
 property had shrunk and shrivelled until there was no stability in 
 the commercial value of such property. That no man could 
 invest his money, if he had it, with any assurance that he would 
 ever be able to get it again. If he loaned it, he could have no 
 assurance that the borrower could ever pay the interest to say noth- 
 ing of the principal. 
 
 That production and distribution had come into the control 
 of great industrial combinations, called trusts, because com- 
 binations were necessary to prevent ruin by competition which 
 destroyed profits, so that the small merchants, dealers, and man- 
 ufacturers, and small producers of all kinds could not operate in
 
 THE NEW COLUMBIA 89 
 
 competition with these combinations, which could, by reason of 
 the natural economy of large scale operations, undersell them, 
 and they were forced into bankruptcy. That enormous quan- 
 tities of government revenue, national and state, were being ex- 
 pended by the governing powers, in a fruitless eflfort to stay and 
 stem the tide of industrial combinations; an effort by man made 
 laws to countervale and intercept and counteract the natural law 
 of social and industrial economy. 
 
 That enforced idleness, resulting from suspension of individual 
 enterprise, effected to destroy the home market for all the pro- 
 ducts, because the people could not get the means with which to 
 purchase such product ; and it was discovered that in this hopeless 
 condition of the home market, the combinations (trusts) which 
 controlled American manufacture, could no longer compete with 
 foreign nations in exploiting the heathen of the Orient. In short, 
 that the business of money making vl^as nearly at an end. 
 
 That even a trust, unless it had a complete monopoly 
 COULD NOT MAKE PROFITS, and the monopolistic combinations, by 
 reason of the poverty of the consuming classes, could readily 
 see the end of money making, even with the aid of a complete 
 monopoly. 
 
 The second, and no less potent, influence in this social and in- 
 dustrial evolution, came of the consciousness of what is known as 
 the System, the combinations which controlled not only the pro- 
 duction and distribution of the nation, but the politicians in office 
 who, for them and in their interest, manipulated the governmental 
 machinery; that the government plant was wholly out of date and 
 eternally un-economic, and must itself be systematized upon the 
 same plan and along the same economic lines that they had al- 
 ready systematized production and transportation. 
 
 These industrial economists (trusts) understood the fact that 
 when a plant, a system, was useless, illy adapted, and out of date, 
 that it must be relegated to the junk heap, and that all unnecessary
 
 90 THE NEW COLUMBIA 
 
 expenses must be eliminated. They discovered that we were strug- 
 gling with fifty separate conflicting governmental engines, with one 
 hundred legislative bodies, and innumerable administrative boards 
 empowered by conflicting and mercenary political parasites, pos- 
 sessing power to make them (in their interstate business relations) 
 maintain enormous lobbies, and disburse enormous corruption 
 funds, to prevent these political parasites from destroying their 
 businsss. 
 
 That to bear this enormous and wholly unnecessary expense 
 they had to exact exorbitant prices and rates from a struggling and 
 oppressed people, and had to issue watered stocks to dummy 
 
 STOCKHOLDERS, and CARRY THE NAMES OF THESE DUMMY STOCK- 
 HOLDERS ON THEIR TRUST (holding Corporate books) to cover these 
 political funds, filched from them by the political parasites, great 
 and small, who every year and every minute, and especially every 
 four years, depleted their treasury for so-called campaign contri- 
 butions, under threat of destruction to their vast business interests 
 or enterprises, if the people, whom they were compelled by these 
 pirates to exploit, should get control of the reins of some of this 
 mongrel, conglomerate and indefensible so-called government. 
 In short, the business men (we mean the men whose brains 
 
 SYSTEMATIZED THE GREAT ECONOMIC, INDUSTRIAL MANUFACTUR- 
 ING AND TRANSPORTATION ENTERPRISES OF THIS NATION), the 
 
 men who saw and eliminated the uneconomies and idiocies of com- 
 petition in these industries, saw the necessity of combination in 
 distribution and consumption, and in governmental enterprise, and 
 they refused longer to be held up by these political parasites. That 
 had some interests in common with the toilers who operated their 
 enterprises, but they had none with the pohticians who were exploit- 
 ing, both them and their toilers, and they determined to eliminate 
 them from industrial and governmental economy, and relegate 
 them to the political junk heap along with the old and out of date 
 enginery, by which they had always been enabled to rob them and
 
 THE NEW COLUMBIA 91 
 
 maintain a political oligarchy, as dangerous to popular government 
 as any aristorcacy on the face of God's footstool. 
 
 And what is still more important, if possible, these same busi- 
 ness men (these captains of American industry and enter- 
 prise) whatever may be the inconsiderate judgment of mankind, 
 who only judge from appearances, and are ignorant of all their 
 motives, and much of the facts in their environment, have most, if 
 not all of them, at all times been striving to improve the world and 
 conserve the economies of the enterprises in which their high am- 
 bitions were moving them. They were compelled to make large 
 profits to meet the enormous drains upon their resources, from the 
 causes of which we have already made mention, and to protect the 
 economies in industrial combination which they had accomplished. 
 Their ambition was in the ultimate accomplishment of the economies 
 in production and transportation, as we have said in the preceding 
 chapters of this work, and personal gain to them was a mere 
 incident to the realization of their dream of systematiz- 
 ing THESE enterprises. 
 
 These men just simply determined to be no longer strung by 
 these political bosses, and declared their independence, and refused 
 to be longer exploited by them; and of necessity, the politics, 
 (Business) became, from that moment, wholly unprofitable. 
 
 When the so-called leaders (the leaches of the dominant IM- 
 POLITIC PARTIES), discovered that the System was no longer 
 going to bleed, they could no longer maintain their following and 
 the honest element, the rank and file (especially the file), at once 
 discovered that these parasites had been exploiting both them and 
 their employers, and they paid no further attention to them, and 
 joined the "American Party" and voted to a man for the 
 establishment of an efficient, honest, and up-to-date 
 popular home rule government.
 
 92 THE NEW COLUMBIA 
 
 CHAPTER XLIV 
 
 FAULT OF THE SYSTEM, NOT OF THE PEOPLE 
 
 N" O man, or class of men living at the birth of the new 
 nation will be at fault; we simply sent them on this 
 pleasure excursion to get the family out of the way, 
 while the servants cleaned house and shifted the furniture and 
 got the dirt out of the machinery. 
 
 Every member of the family was well aware that there was 
 something radically wrong ; that a governmental plant and machin- 
 ery which had been erected and installed for a century and a quar- 
 ter was out of date, and un-economic, and must be built over in 
 some manner and modernized, but the influential members of the 
 family did not understand, and could not agree as to how to accom- 
 plish the desired reconstruction, while the servants, or most of 
 them, knew all the time that it must be built over from the founda- 
 tion, and the machinery must be of an entirely new pattern. 
 
 They had known for years, yea, for centuries, that the lubri- 
 cant (the gold and silver money), while the material was excellent 
 in the arts, was all the time gumming up the machinery and bear- 
 ings, that it got into the cogs, that it caused all the journals to get 
 hot and burn out, that it was impossible to keep all of the machin- 
 ery going any of the time ; that more than half of it was out of com- 
 mission more than half of the time, and that about once in ten 
 years the whole thing was clogged up and the fires went out in the 
 furnace, and the cellar was full of water, and that permanent re- 
 pair was impossible. 
 
 They understood, because they built the machinery, and ran it, 
 whenever it could be made to run, that this lubricant was insuffi- 
 cient in quantity to maintain the parity of value, which was indis-
 
 THE NEW COLUMBIA 93 
 
 pensible to that equilibrium which would enable the plant to be 
 constant and unvarying in its revo- and g7;o-lutions. 
 
 It was intimated during the discussion which preceded the vote 
 on the question of the New Columbia that individual initiative and 
 ambition were going to be endangered, that man was going to lose 
 his identity and individuality, his personal ambition for achieve- 
 ment, in this seeming ocean of Commonwealth. That if a man 
 could not see the possibility of being President of the United States, 
 or of owning a system of trunk line railroad, with their vast and 
 varied equipment, or of monopolizing and trustifying an impor- 
 tant economic industry, that individual man was going back to the 
 chrysalis state of his evolution. 
 
 That the thing to be done was to accomplish (the limit of 
 wealth) to use the old system, the old steam roller and crusher of 
 centurion pattern, to pound combinations back into competition. 
 That competition was the life, not the death of society ; that if ser- 
 vice was the standard of value, and it was measured by uniformity 
 in time, and rewarded to all servants alike, and in the same pro- 
 portion, that there could and would be no progression. 
 
 They seemed for the moment to have forgotten that in corporate 
 commonwealth, where there is no preferred stock, that one stock- 
 holder has the same interest in the entire enterprise that every 
 stockholder has. That all stockholders are both servants and 
 proprietors ; they own the whole plant ; and they select all of the 
 corporate agencies, with equal voice and vote, and they take 
 a just and equal pride and satisfaction in all of its successes and 
 achievements, in all its development, and in its sure and ultimate 
 perfection. 
 
 Again, there is another highly important truth in human nature 
 and human experience, which they also overlook; and it is, that 
 the ambition of man looks to results not to means; and wealth 
 was never anything but a means. Wealth is not only a means, 
 but it is a result of the manifestation of an ambition, a concomitant
 
 94 THE NEW COLUMBIA 
 
 of the persistent, intelligent pursuit of a living, consuming, over- 
 mastering ambition to accomplish a result which is the end, and 
 consummation of that ambition. 
 
 Wealth comes often unbidden, and wholly unexpected, and 
 sometimes even undesired, as an incident to the propelling force 
 of a consuming ambition. A Rockefeller sees a valuable natural 
 product, capable of bringing light to the children of men, running 
 down the stream of Oil Creek in the county of Venango, in the 
 State of Pennsylvania. He sees that by the folly of men in giving 
 vent to this store of natural light, it goes spontaneously to waste 
 and destruction, for the reason that with present and known facil- 
 ities, it cannot be utilized and placed within reach of the people. 
 
 He sees the manufacturers of this product in a war of competi- 
 tion for market which renders it impossible to secure the means 
 with which to save the product and expand the business, so that 
 nothing economic need be wasted. He is seized with a consum- 
 ing ambition to so systematize the industry as to conserve the gen- 
 eral economy, and he builded the much advertised and little 
 understood (Standard Oil Trust.) 
 
 Wealth in the process, as well as system, was indispensible, to 
 the dream of his over-mastering ambition ; to secure this wealth, 
 a system of profit in the industry was indispensible, the system was 
 established, the avalanche of wealth was loosened, and Mr. Rocke- 
 feller is buried under it, and they say Wade H. Ellis is trying to 
 dig him out, and resuscitate him. 
 
 Of course, there is but one remedy for the evil of competition, 
 and that is combination. Combination is monopoly, and if anyone 
 is left outside the combination, monopoly becomes unlawful, 
 according to the science of all unscientific law and lawyers. We 
 speak advisedly, and from a source of personal experience, when 
 we affirm that law, as popularly understood at the birth of this 
 modern and only Christian Era, was builded upon the manifest 
 error that man had a natural right to have and hold that for which
 
 THE NEW COLUMBIA 95 
 
 he had no earthly use, while his fellow mortals were perishing in 
 regiments, and in single file, for the want of that very substance ; 
 and this is what has so often been termed by so-called states- 
 men, as the SACRED right of private property. 
 
 We speak of this only as declaratory, or explanatory, of the 
 unsciences of law and lawyers. They do not seem to be able to 
 comprehend and appreciate the obvious truth, that combination 
 is the legitimate child of competition, and that competition is both 
 unjust and un-economic, andcannot be lawful after the law and the 
 lawyers catch up with the procession in the evolution of social and 
 political progression, toward that ultimate perfection, which is the 
 eternal design of the Creator, and the ultimate haven of the created. 
 
 They would pass a law that a child should reinhabit its moth- 
 er's womb, that a butterfly should reanimate its mater caterpil- 
 lar, that the locomotive should become a yoke of brindle steers, and 
 if there was a man in the black house at Washington so devoid of 
 human instinct as that he can build Panama Canals and shed the 
 blood of his fellow beasts in the jungles of Africa, while naked, 
 barefooted children are standing on the frosty pavement and dying 
 of starvation, it is not unlikely that he would attempt to execute 
 them, and junket lawyers all over the country and board them at 
 palatial hotels, and spend millions of the people's money in an 
 attempt to accomplish it. 
 
 Combination is a universal law of matter and spirit. It is in 
 virtue of this immutable law that material worlds were formed 
 from Nebula. Combination is the eternal purpose, the ultimate 
 design, but all humanity is going to be within its protection, and the 
 beneficiaries of its economy. . 
 
 These master minds are those which in God's providence, and 
 by his nurture, were made to build these colossal combinations, 
 as an admonition, an earnest, of the final combine, which is to 
 usher in the final victory of peace on earth. 
 
 In the divine economy and purpose, of whose wisdom we must
 
 96 THE NEW COLUMBIA 
 
 not, cannot doubt, pain is the eternal, ever present concomitant, 
 the midwife of all birth in human life, and human economy ; and 
 the birth of wisdom, as applied to all the details of human experi- 
 ence, is no exception to the omnipotent, universal plan. 
 
 That God's servants employed to perform the surgery which 
 transforms competition into combination, both in detail and in 
 general, may not have administered the anaesthetic of humanity 
 and sympathy in the travail, may, by some theologians, be attri- 
 buted to some suggestion of a spirit of evil which their deluded 
 imagination may have personified, or deified, and which, or who, 
 through the impeachment of God's wisdom, they assume to be at 
 war with His purposes. 
 
 They are unable to see that good and evil are the same thing in 
 different degrees, although they cannot see where the one begins 
 and the other terminates. They seem to think that it is possi- 
 ble to know the one, without knowing the other ; that one can feel 
 and appreciate the warmth who has never felt the chill. They 
 have read "Behold, the man has become as one of us; knowing 
 good and evil, " but they have yet to learn that good and evil are but 
 one ; that their varying shades converge, and they must needs taste 
 the fruit of the tree of their knowledge, and must not take their 
 theories from others, whose experience may be as limited as theirs. 
 
 But to return to the subject, the point of digression, for which 
 we seek pardon, ambition, in the last analysis, looks only to results. 
 You provide a Rockefeller with means to accomplish the end of his 
 ambition, to create and maintain a system which will utilize the 
 natural elements and take its expanding product to light the dark 
 places of the earth ; and give him the servants and appliances to 
 work this consummation, and he will do it without money and with- 
 out price. His ambition is satisfied to see the work of his concep- 
 tion carried to this ultimate purpose, and individual wealth which 
 came to him as its concomitant, its incident, is the very least of the 
 elements of his gratification. He is trying to do good, both in the
 
 THE NEW COLUMBIA 97 
 
 process, and now with the wealth which the process has thrust 
 upon him. We may differ with him as to the wisdom or efficiency 
 of the means which he may choose to make his wealth accomplish 
 good, but of that he must judge. 
 
 He started out upon a divine commission to destroy competi- 
 tion, to the end that combination might be born as to the partic- 
 ular industry to which nature and environment caused him to apply 
 his ambition, and what we have already said of the pains of travail 
 apply in detail, as well as in general. 
 
 What Mr. Rockefeller is in Standard Oil, so is Mr. Harriman 
 and Mr. Hill in Railroads, and Mr. Frick and Mr. Gary in Steel 
 and Mr. Baer in Coal Mining. Each saw the effects of competi- 
 tion in their particular department, and started out to destroy, or 
 rather cure, and supplant it with economic combination prepara- 
 tory to a Christian era ; but we doubt whether any of these gentle- 
 men were ever, or are even now, aware of their divine commission. 
 "God moves in a mysterious way his wonders to perform." 
 Though from alleged utterances of Mr. Rockefeller in recent years, 
 stung by the public criticism to which he has been so often sub- 
 jected, he has given voice to the same eternal truth, so far as his 
 wealth and its acquisition is concerned ; but that he was born and 
 destined to bring combination out of competition in the oil indus- 
 try, has probably never entered his estimate, and that wealth was 
 only the avalanche which the process brought down upon him 
 will no doubt astonish even him. 
 
 Give Mr. Harriman the means, as we have said in the earlier 
 chapter, by which he, and we with him, may see the realization of 
 his day and night dreams, of a perfect system of transportation in 
 this nation, and he will not stop to discuss the price, either in gold, 
 or in any form, that shall be the meed of his personal service. If 
 the reader is at all skeptical, ask Mr. Harriman. We have never 
 seen either him or Mr. Rockefeller. 
 
 Human achievement, the consummation of human ambition, is
 
 98 THE NEW COLUMBIA 
 
 God's own reward to him who witnesses its consummation. And 
 purely pecuniary concomitants are its merest incidents. 
 
 Few indeed are the men, and none of them are great, or ever 
 could be great, whose ambition is wealth, unmixed and unadulter- 
 ated with a consuming purpose to accomplish some great result, 
 and these few never have, and never will admit that the end of man 
 is riches, for what shall it profit a man that he gain the world, if, 
 departing, he cannot say, I have finished a good work. 
 
 Excellence in all departments of human endeavor always did, 
 and always will, bring to its possessor all the real pleasures which 
 is in the store of nature ; and with it the respect, the commenda- 
 tion, yea, the laudation of his fellows, in the exact ratio and pro- 
 portion of the degree of his excellence as compared with that of his 
 fellows. That is an eternal, unchangeable law of human nature 
 and cannot be eradicated, for "The laborer is worthy of his 
 meat." 
 
 You cannot dim the luster, or destroy the popularity of him 
 who by his eloquence, can move the heart to pity, and the eye to 
 tears, or him whose humor can stir the depths of mirth. You can- 
 not separate individual man from the just enconium that comes of 
 noble deeds well done ; nor can you dispel, or destroy, the public 
 love and esteem of him or her who has the soul and gift of music, 
 by harp or voice, to soothe the souls of others; or the stage artist, 
 who delights and entertains the people by the practice and mani- 
 festation of his art. 
 
 Precocity, and proficiency, will never be unheralded, unhon- 
 ored or unsung, and knowledge is power, and power is popularity, 
 and virtue ever was, and ever will be, its own just and merited 
 reward. 
 
 Absolute freedom of opportunity to develop one's tastes and 
 powers in whatever direction in God's Providence they tend will 
 bring to every human being the very highest, purest and holiest 
 enjoyment of which that being is capable.
 
 THE NEW COLUMBIA 99 
 
 " Oh, gentle doctrine of Christ, doctrine of love and of peace, 
 when shall all mankind know thy truth and the world smile with 
 a new happiness under thy life giving reign!" 
 
 " Our Father, which art in Heaven, Hallowed be Thy name. 
 Thy kingdom come, thy will be done 
 In earth as it is in Heaven." 
 
 THE END
 
 POST STATEMENT 
 
 WE neglected to state in the body of this work that this 
 New Columbia will be midwifed by a nonpartisan 
 political party known, or rather unknown, to fame 
 as "The American Party." 
 
 Just as soon as you have finished reading this little book, we 
 expect you to become an "American" (Indian). We expect you 
 to dig up the tomahawk and sound the tomtom, and get the tribe 
 into the Wigwam, and have a Wigwam in every corner of the fence. 
 All you need do, is demand a National Constitutional Convention, 
 and then we Indians can help Uncle Sam get this government 
 away from the politicians, and democratize, civilize and christian- 
 ize this land, and make it fit to live in, and until we do, let us for- 
 get that there is such a thing as foreign country. 
 
 If any (yellow) white man, says "over-production" in your 
 presence or hearing, so long as there is a hungry barefooted child 
 walking the frosty pavements of the cities of this God-benighted 
 land, take him to the Wigwam, scalp him, then sharpen his toes, 
 and drive him right down into Mother Earth. 
 
 The Author of this work is an Indian, who was brought up in an 
 Irish family, and got his Christian name from the maternal Irish 
 grandfather, and he will appreciate a personal letter from each 
 reader, after having read, as to what are the conditions of the local 
 Wigwam and the number of the braves. 
 
 Address care New Columbia Publishing Company, 
 
 Findlay, Ohio, U. S. A. 
 P. Q. T.
 
 To Home Seekers 
 
 The 
 
 Re-United States of America 
 
 If the people of America do their 
 duty and we believe they will. 
 
 ON AND after January 1, 1914, all lands not 
 actually occupied and used in the territory 
 comprising the United States and Canadian 
 provinces in North America (not reserved for 
 government agricultural and industrial school and 
 other necessary public purposes) will be open for 
 location and occupancy by actual settlers, 
 (citizens, male and female, and aliens declaring 
 their intention to become citizens) in such quan- 
 tities as they may desire for actual occupancy and 
 use but not for rent or speculation. 
 
 All surplus labor will be employed by the 
 government in internal improvement, and paid at 
 the uniform rate of five dollars for each six-hour 
 day's service in government certificates of 
 service legal tender in payment of all debts, and 
 exchangeable for all other labor products at their 
 economic value as fixed by the government depart- 
 ment of production and distribution at par 
 and without profit. 
 
 Come and establish a home in God's land of 
 political and industrial liberty and equality. 
 
 The American Party 
 
 Headquarters : Room 9, Olean House, Olean, N. Y., U. S. A. 
 Hindquarters: Cusac Block, Findlay, O., U. S. A.
 
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