Ex Libris C. K. OGDEN Stbtiitcei\t^ Ctnturus, illustrated by Reprints of very rare Tracts. — 75 copies printed. vn. S'-hC norhljirC '^ntlrologn;. Aa extensive Collection of Ballads and Poems, respecting the County of Yorkshire. — 110 copies printed. VIII. (H'ljC llOTfolk ^ntljOlogiT. a CoUectlon of Ballads and Tracts, relating to the County of Norfolk. — 80 copies printed. IX. IM %lU\t\\S\)Ut UalitCljCS: The Plays of Heywood and Shadwell.— 80 cojiies printed. X. ^ (L iltillOIJUf (with Woodcuts) of a curious Collection of Shakespearian Keliques. — 80 copies printed. Any one desinng Copies of these, lohkh are merely printed at a mall nmnber, without any commercial views, will please to address the Editor, Avenue Lodge, Brixton Hill, Surrey. DICTIONAHY ARCHAISMS AND PROVINCIALISMS. ATlie following are the i)rincipal obsolete and , pro\incial uses of this letter. (1) Ah! (^.-A'.) A ! swete sire, I selde tho. Piers Ploughman, p. 355. A! Lorde, he saide, fulle wo es me. So faire childir als I haft-de thre. And nowe ame I lefte alloiie ! MS. Lincnln A. i. 17, f. 112. (2) He. a for fie is common in our old drama- tists, in the speeches of peasauts or illiterate persons, and in the provincial dialects. See Apolo^ for the Lollards, p. 120; King Alisaunder, 7809. In the western counties, it is also used for she, and occasionally for it. By Seynt Dynys, a swer is oth. That after that tyme a nolde Fie ne drynke no more that day. For none kynncs thyiige. MS. Ashmole 33, f. 2. Wyth ys rijt hond a blessid him than. And prvketh ys stede and forth he nam. /6. f. 4JJ. (3) They. Sahp. (4) J is soractinics used in songs and burlesque poetry to lengthen out a line, without adding to the sense. It is often also a mere expletive placed before a word. (5) Prefixed to verbs of Anglo-Saxon origin, A has sometimes a negative, sometimes an inten- sative power. See Wright's Gloss, to Piers Ploughman, in v. (6) All. Sir F. Madden says, " apparently an error of tlie scribe for a/, but written as pro- nounced." Compare 1. 930. He shal haven in his hand A Dcnemark and Engoland. Havrlok, GIO. (7) Sometimes prefixed 'to nouns and adjectives signifying of they to the, on the, in the, and at the. See Middlcton's Works, i. 262; Morte d'Arthnr, ii. 87 ; Piers Plnugiinian, p. 340. M.irttia fel a-donn a Cruis, And spraddc anun t<> grounde. A/S. Cull. Trin. Oion. 5/. (8) Before a noun it is often a corrnption of the Saxon on. Sec Havclok, p. 213; Uob. Glouc. p. 353. And that hii n Lammasse day myd her poer come Echone to BarbesQet, and thcs veage nomc. Rub. Glouc. p. 200. (9) Have. Few provincial exi)ressions are more common than " a done" for have done. So in Peblis to the Play, St. 10, ap. Sibbald, Chron. Sc. Poet. i. 132, "a done \\'ith ane mischauuce," which is quoted as an " old song" by JamiesoD, Supp. in v. A. Richard might, as the fame wcnt.a saved hymself, if he would « fled awaie; for thoyt- that were about hym suspected treason and willed hym to flie. Supp. to Uardtjng, f. 105, A don, seris, sayd cure lordyngcs alle. For ther the nold no lenger lend. MS. Rawl. C. 86. f. 178. (10) One. See Mr. Wright's note to the Alli- terative Poem on the Deposition of Richard I!, p. 54. In the passage here qtioted from the copy of the Erie of Tolous in the Lincoln MS. Ritson's copy reads ooji, p. 100. Hyre lord and sche be of a blodc. MS. Ashmole 61, f. 65. He wente awaye and syghedc sore ; A worde spake he no more, Bot helde hym wondir stylle. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 115. Thre persones in a Codhede, Als clcrkys in bokys rede. MS. Ashmole 61. f. 83. Hir a schanke blakc, hir other grayc. And alle hir body lykc the lede. True T/iomas, MS. Lincoln, f. ISO. (1 1) Always ; ever. Cnmb. '* For ever and a" is an expression used by old rustics. A the more I loke theron, A the more I thynke 1 fon. Tmvnelcy Mt/i'teric.*, p. 220. (12) At. Suffolk. Major Moor gives it the va- rious meanings of, A#, or, our, tf, on, at, have and of, with examples of each. Have yc nat peikus and ehas ? What schuld ye do a tliis place? 5i> Degrevant, 'J6 Yes. Somerset. And. Somerset. Sec Havclok, 359. Wcndyth home, a levc yourc wcrryeng, Ve Wynne no worshyp at thys wallc. MS. Hart. 2352, f. 121 Chapes a cheynes of chalkc whytte sylvcr. Morte Arthure, MS. Lincoln, f. «0. An interrogative, equivalent to what / IVhat do yon say/ I'ar. dial. (IG) Ik. Suffolk. And yit, a thow woldyst nyghc me nyc, Thow ihall wlIc wetc I am not flayn. MS. Harl. 22fi8, f. IM (1.1) (14) (15) AAr. AAT CI 7) In. Quod Barilus thanne, a Goddes h^lf The thridde tyme a-^saye I schalle. Gouer, U.S. Hoc. Aisliij. 134, f. 150. As hy ctm to the iiey^entende vera.. .'\s the corfiynge endeth y-wis. That liov cpNS eortim A Latyii y-clepud is. MS. Coll. Trln. Oiim. 67. Hammering this in his heade, on he went to the snnth's house: Now, smith, quoth hee. good mor- row, is thy wife up ? No, quoth the smith, but she is awake: go up and carry your liuiieo, a GoJs name. Cohler of Cuntf^rLui-ie, lGt)8 (18) Sometimes repeatetl ■nith adjectives, the substantive having gone before ami being un- derstood. See Macbeth, ill. 5, and tlie notes of the commentators. It is also occasionally prefixed to numei-al adjectives, as a-feii, a- ttvetve, &.C. and even a-oue, as in Macbeth, iii. 4. Somers he lette go byfore. And charyotes stutfede with store, Wele a twelve myle or more. .M.f. Lim-oln A. i. 17, f. 120. (19) A common proverb, " he does not know- great A from a bull's foot," is applied to an ignorant or stupid person. Ray has a proverb, " A. B. from a battledore," and Taylor, the water-poet, has a poem on Coryat, addressed ■' To the gentlemen readers that understand A. B. from a battledore." See B. I know not an A from the wynd-mylne, Ne A. B. from a bole-font, 1 Irowe, ne thiself nother. MS. Dighy 41, f. 5. A-.\. (1) Explained by Junius vo.v doleiitium. Hampole tells us tliat a male child utters the sountl a-a when it is born, and a female e-e, being respectively the initials of tiie names of their ancestors Adam and Eve. See the .A.r- chseologia, xLx. 322. A couplet on the joys of heaven, in MS. Coll. S. Joh. Oxon. 57, is called signum a-a. An! my sone Alexander, whare es the grace, and the fortune that oure goddes highte the ? That es to say, that thou schoide alwaye overcome thynne enemys. MS. Linootn A. i. 17, f. 3. (2) Frequently occurs in an early medical MS. in Lincoln Cathedral for ana, q. v., and the contraction is still in use. .AAC. .\n oak. Xorth. .\AD. Old. Yorksh. AADLE. To flourish ; to addle. Suffolk. AAGED. Aged. Palsgrave has " eayerflyke," in his Ust of adjectives. AAINT. To anoint. Suffolk. See Jhif. Major .Moor is tlie authority for this form of the word. See his Sutfolk Words, p. 5. AAlvlN. Oaken. North. AALE. Ale. This form of the word, which may be merely accidental, occtirs in Malory's Morte d'.Arthiu-, ii. 4-45. AALLE. All; every. Forthy, my sone, yf thou doo ryjte. Thou sclialt unto thy love obeye. And foiow hire wille by aalle wey. Cower, MS. Soc. .4nliq. 134, f. 50. AALS. Alas ! Suerties her founde to come agayue, Syr Gawayne and Syr Ew.ayne: Aals, he sayed, 1 shal dye! Sir Lalle Wynne thurgh strenth, and trede It with thi fote, and tlicrforc be nathyngc abaijie. I-'fr '■/ Menwdcr, MS. Lincoln, t. 5. Hou unstable the world is here. For men schuldc ben abaiat. MS. Ashrmle 41, f. 16. ABAKWAIID. Backwards. In gryht ous si tie and sliyld vrom shorac, That turnst abukward Eves nomc. lUhq. Antiq. il. 2211. ABALIENATE. To ahenate; to transfer pro- perty from one to another. Hitler. ABA ABAND. To forsake ; to abandon. Let us therefore both cruelty ibinde. And prudent seeke both gods and men to please. Mirour for Magiytrate*, p. 27. ABANDON. (1) Liberally; at discretion, (.-/.-.v.) Roquefort, in v. liam'lon. gives the original French of the following jiassage : Aftir this swift gift tis but reason He give his gode too in abandon. Rum. of the Rose, 2342. (2) Entirely ; freely. (.^.-A^.) His ribbes and scholder fel adoun. Men might se the liver a6a7idoun. Arthour and Merlin, p. 223. (3) Promptly. (A.-N.) Ther com an hundred knightes of gret might, Alle thai folwed him abunndoun. G.V of Warwike, p. 181. ABANDUNE. To subject. See Golagros and Gawane, 275. Fortune to her lawys can not abundnne me. But I shall of Fortune rule the rcyne. Skellon's Wurks, i. 273. ABARRE. To prevent. The luslie yoong gentlemen who were greedie to have the pri-ie. but more desirous to have the hoitoi , were in a great agonie and greefe that Ihey were thus abarred from approrhiiig lo assaile the citie. Uotini.hcd, Hi.it. of Ireland, p. V. Reducynge to remcmbraunce the prysed memo- ryes and perpetual! renowned faetes of the famou»e piinces of Lsrael, which did not only abarre ydola- trye and other ungodlyncsse, but utterly abolished all occasyons of the same. H'right's Monastic Letters, p. 209. ABARSTICK. Insatialileucss. This word is found in Cockeram, Skinner, and most of the later lUctionaries. ABARSTIll. More downcast. Bot ever alas ! what was I wode? Myght no man be abarstir. Toumeley Ml/Bteriei, p. 281. ABASCHED. .\bashed; ashamed. The lady was abascbrd withalle. And went downe vnto the lialle. .«.V. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 109. ABASE. To cast down ; to humble. See the Faerie Queene, II. ii. 32. Among illiterate persons, it is used in the sense of ilehase. Harrison uses it in this latter sense applied to nict;d, in his Description of England, prelLxed to lliilinshed, p. 218. ABASSCllT. Abashed. Sec Manndevile s Tra- vels, ]). 220. This word occurs in a great va- riety of forms. It seems to he used foriiy'Hrerf, in the .\Iorte d' Arthur, i. 306, " He smote Sjt Palomyiles upon the helme tliryes, that he abaxn/icil his helme with his strokes." ABAST. (1) Downcast. Wist Isaac where so he were. He wold be about now. How that he is in danpere. Townrleii Mintcriri, p. 37- (2) A bastard. See Arthour and Merlin, as quote.l in Ellis's Met. Horn., ed. IHU, i. 301, where probably the word should be printed a bast. , ABAS TAUDIZE. To render illegitimate or base. Sec Uollyband's Dictionaric, 1593. ABA ABB Being ourselves Corrupted and abnttardized thus, Thinke all lookes ill, that doth not looke like us, Daniel's Queenes At-cadia, 1G06, f. ult, ABASURE. An abasement. Miege. ABATAYLMENT. A battlement, of harde hewen ston up to the tablez, Enbaned under the abatanlment in the best lawe. ' Syr Gawayne, p. 30. ABATE. (1) To subtract. A-batj-n, subtraho. Prompt. Parv. This was formerly the arith- metical term for that operation. To abate in a bargain, to lower the price of any article, was very common. See Prompt. PaiT. p. 314 ; Davies's York Records, p. 156 ; Rara Mat. p. 60. Then cbate the lesse noumbre of these tuo in the umbre toward fro the more, and kepe wele the ditTerence bytuene tho tuo noumbres. MS. Sloane, 213, f, 120. (2) Applied to metal to reduce it to a lower temper. See Florio, in v. Rincalcdre. It is often metaphorically used in the sense of to depress, variously applied. Sec Hall's lUad, 1581, p. 125; Persones Tale, p. 83; Townley Mysteries, p. 194 ; Nugae Antiqua;, i. 4 ; Coriolanus, iii. 3 ; SterUne's Cra>sus, 1604 ; Brifton's Arch. Antiq. iv. 13; Hall's Union, Henry VIII. f. 133. (3) To beat down, or overthrow. Blount. (4) To flutter; to beat with the wings. Several instances of this hawking term occur in the Booke of Hawkyng, printed in Rehq. Antiq. i. 293-308. It seems to be used as a hunting term in Morte d'Artluir, ii. 355. (5) To disable a writ. A law term. Any one short clause or proviso, not legal, is suffi- cient to abate the whole writ or instrument, though in every other part absolute and without exception. Sandeiaoii's Sermons, 1689, p. 30. (6) To cease. Ys continaunce abated eny host to make. IVright's Political Songs, p. 216. (7) To lower ; applied to banners, &c. See We- ber's Met. Rom. ii. 477; OctoWan, 1744; Deposition of Richard II. p. 30. The stiward was sconfited there. Abated was the meister banere. Gy of Warioike, p. 440. ABATEMENT. (1) An abatement, according to Randal Holme, " is a mark added or annexed to a coat [of arms] by reason of some dishon- ourable act, whereby the tlignity of the coat is abased." See his Academy of -Vrmory, p. 71. (2) A diversion or amusement. North. See Ma- lone's Shakespeare, v. 311; Jamieson, in v. Abaitmeiit. ABATY. To abate. And that he for ys nevew wolde, for to a-baty stryf. Do hey amendement, sawve lyme and lyf. Rob. Clout: p. 54. ABAUED. Astonished. See Abaw. Many men of his kynde sauh him so abaued. Langtofl's Citron, p. 210. ABAUT. .\bout. North. ABAVE. To be astonished. Abaued, q. v., in Langtoft's Chronicle, p. 210, ought perhaps to be written Moved. See an instance of this word in a fragment printed at the end of the Visions of Tundale, p. 94, which is merely an extract from Lydgate's Life of the Virgin Mary, although it is inserted as a separate production. Of this terrible doolful inspeccioun. The peeplis hertys gretly gan above. Lydgate's Minor Poems, p. 144. ABAW. (1) To bow ; to bend. Alle the knyghtes of Walls londe. Ho made abaw to his honde. MS. I^antab. Ft. v. 48, f. 1(11 (2) To astonish ; to confound. Lokehow '^e mow be aba wed. That seye that the Jewe ys saved. MS. Hart. 1701, f. 63 ABAWT. Without. Staffordsh. AB.AY. At bay. See Kyng Alisaunder, 3882 ; Shakespeare's Venus and Adonis, ed. Dyce, p. 42, divided by that editor into two words. See Abbay ; Cotgrave m\. Rendre. Our third example exhibits it both as a substantive and a verb. And where as she hang, the! stood at abay, MS. Laud. 735, f. 19. Thus the forest thay fraye. The hertis bade at abaye. Sir Degremnfe, MS. Line. f. 131. And this doon, every man stond abrodand blowe the deeth, and make a short abay for to rewarde the houndes, and every man have a smal rodde yn his hond to liolde of the houndes that thei shul the bet- ter abaye. MS. Bodl. 346. AB.VYSCHID. Frightened. Abaschyd, or a- ferde; territus, perterritus. Prompt. Part'. .\nd anoon the damysel roos and walkide: and sche was of twelve yeer, and thei weren abaysehid with a greet stoneyng. Wicklijf^s N'ew Test. p. 41. ABAYSSIIETTE. Abashed. The kyng of Scotlond was tho all abaysshette. Chron. Vitodun. p. 25. ABAYST. Disappointed. And that when that they were travyst. And of herborow were abayst. Brit. Bibl. iv. 83. What thyng that je wH!e to me saye, 3ow thare noght be abayste. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f- 18. ABAYSTE. Abashed. See Abaist. Syr Eglamour es noghte abayste. In Goddis helpe es alle his trayste. Sir Eglamour, MS. Lincoln, f. 124, ABB. The yam of a weaver's warp. Ipton's MS. additions to Junius, in the Botlteian Library. ABBARAYED. Started. And aftyr that he knonnyngly abbarayed. And to the kyng evyn thus he sayd. Lydgate's Minor Poems, p. 4. ABBAS. .\n abbess. The abbas, and odur nonnes by, Tolde hyt full openlye. Le Bone Florence of Ttome, 1026. .\BBAY'. To bay ; to bark. An abbay, or bark- ing.— Minsheu. See Abay. To keep at al>bay, to keep at bay. See Baret's Alvearie, in v. ABBEN. To have. Different parts of this verb occur in Robert of Gloucester, p. 166, &c. Maketli ous to don sunne. And abben to monkunne. MS. Dtgby 86, f, 127. ABBEY'. (1) The great white poplar, one of the varieties of the populus alba. IVest. ABC '■ (2) To bring an abbey to a grange, is an old pro- verbial expression. See Skelton's Works, i. 327, and tbc notes of tlie Editor upon tbe phrase. . ABBEY-LUBBER. A terra of reproach for idle- ness. Somerset. It is found in the '.'"* cbaritas eft. Tb« Enlcrlude of Youtli, t. 1. ABE ABCE. The alphabet. See Cofpravc, in v. JOece, Carte; Prompt. Parv. p. 12 ; Hnt. Bihl. ii. 397; Greene's Monaphon, lOlG, dedication. ABDEVENIIAM. An astrological word, mean- ing the head of the twelfth house, in a scheme of the heavens. ABDUCE. To lead away. (Laf.) Onn thynfi 1 dyd note in bothe these men, that thei thoght a religion to kepe secret betwenc God and them certayn thynges, rather than topon their whoU stoinakc ; from the whych opinion 1 colde not ahduce them with al my enjevor. State Papers^ i.557. ABK. To atone for. Here he haddc the destenee That the povre man xuldo ubc. lUliq. Antiq, i. 03. ABEAR. To deport ; to conduct. It is often used among illiterate persons for to bear, to tolerate. So did the faerie knight himselfeuftMrf, And stouped oft his head from shame to shield. Farrie Queenc, V. xii. 19, ABECE. An alphabet ; an A B C. Sec Prompt. Parv. p. 12; Rob. Glouccst. p. 26G; ReUq. Antiq. i. 03. Whan that the wise man acompteth Aftir the formel propirte Of algorlsmes abece. Gownr, MS, Soc. Antiq. 134, f. 193. ABECEDARIAN. An abecctlariaju one that teachelh or learneth the erosse row. Minsheu. ABECEDARY. Alphabetical. Unto these fewc you may annexe more if yoti will, as your occasion serveth, and reduce them inio an abecedort/e order. MS. Coll. Omn. An. Osou. 1.30. ABECHED. Fed; satisfied. (.-/.-A'.) Compare the printed edition of 1532, f. 132. 3it scbiilde I sumdelle ben abeched. And for the tymc wel rcfrcched. Gower, MS. Soc. Antiq. 134, f. IHl. ABEDDE. In bed. Var. dial. That night he sat wel sore akalc, And his wif lai vearme abedde. The Sevyn Sages, 1513. ABEDE. (1) To hid ; to offer. Y schal be tbe furstc of alle That our message scha! abedc, MS. Ai'hn}o!e33,{.23, (2) Abode ; remained. See Syr Tnamoare, 374. Befyse, with hys fclows bronde, Smote yn sonder, tborow Godys sonde. Tbe rope above the Sarsyns hedd, That he with Ucfysc yn preson abede, MS. Cantab, Ff. il. 38, f. 103. ABEGE. To atone for. lie wolde don his sacrilege, That many a man it schuldeatc^o. Ooiver, MS. Sue. Antiq. 134, f. 174. Allc Grecc It Bchulde abeffge sotc To soc the wilde best wone, Where whilom dwellid u mannis sone. Gower, MS. Sov. Antiq. 134, f. iHl ABEISAUNCE. Obedience. (./.-A'.) An bound is of good abrhnunce, for hewol lerncan a man al that a m.m wol techchym. MS. H'tdl. M(J. ABELDK. To grow bold. Tbeo folk of I'erci: gan abrlde. Ki/i'K AHmunder, S442. ABELE. A fine kind of wliile i>oplar. Var. dial. See Pronqit. Parv. p. 17, wIkit Mr. Way says ABE ( it is " the name given by botanists to the populus alba." The name is very common in tlie provinces. ABEL-WHACKETS. A game played by sailors with cards ; the loser receiving so many strokes from a handkerchief twisted into a knot on his hand, as he has lost the games. Grose. ABELYCHE. Ably. Th.it he the craft ahelt/che may conne, Whersever he go undur the Sonne. Cimstitiitintis iif Masonry, 243. ABENCHE. Upon abench. SeeRob.Glonc.p.llS. Horn sette him nbpnrhe. Is harpe he gan clenche. Kt/ng Horn, 14i>7. ABENT. A steep place. Skinner. The a is here perhaps merelv the article. ABEUD.WINE.' The siskin. Boucher. ABERE. To bear. And with also good reson, we mowe of hem y-wis Abere thilke truage, that as thyng robbed is. Rob. Glouc. p. 196. ABEREMORD. A law term, meaning murder fully proved, as distinguished from manslaugh- ter, and justifiable homicide. See Junius, in v. ABERING. A law phrase for the proper and peaceful carriage of a loyal subject. See Hawkins' Engl. Drama, i. 239 ; ms. Ashmole 1788, f. 20. ABERNE. Auburn. See a mention of " long aberne beardes," in Cunningham's Revels Ac- counts, p. 56. ABESSE. To humble. Echeone untiUe other, what is this ? Oure kynge hath do this thynge amis. So to abesse his rialt^, That every man it myjte see. Gower, MS. Soc. Anliq. 134, f. 51. ABESTOR. A kind of stone. Among stones abestor, which being hot wil never be colde for our constancies. Lyhj's Mother Bombie, 1594. ABESY.\NS. Obeisance.' Now wursheppful sovereyns thatsyltyn here in syth, Lordys and ladyes and frankclins in fay, With alJemaner oiube^yansvie recomaunde us ryght, Plesantly to 30ur persones that present ben in pLiy. MS. Tanner 407, f. 44. ABET. Help ; assistance. I am thine eme, the shame were unto me As wel as the, if that I should assent Through mmeabet, that he thine honour shent. Troiltts and Creseide, ii. 357. ABETTES. Abbots. See Wright's Monastic Letters, p. 206, for an example of this form of the word. ABEW. Above. Devon. ABEY. To abie, q.v. See Hartsborne's Met.Tales, p. 225 ; Richard Coer dc Lion, 714 ; Chaucer, Cant. T. 12034 : Collier's Hist. Dram. Poet, ii. 283 ; Gy of Warwike, p. 169. Farewelle, for I schalle sone dcye. And thenke how I thy love abet/e. Gower, MS. Soc. Anliq. 134, f. 86. ABEYD. To abide. And to abi^yd abstinens and forsake abundans. MS. Douce 302, f. 3. ABEY'E. To bow ; to obey. To resoune thei moste nedys abeye. In helle pette ellys schalle they hong. MS. Cantab. Ff. i. 6, f. 13.<). ABI ABEYSAUNCE. Obeisance. Skinner thinks the proper form of the word is obeisance. Unavysyd clerk soone may be forlore. Unto that theef to doone abeysaunce. MS. Cantab. Ff. i. 6, f. 13^. ABEYTED. Ensnared. Hys flesshe on here was so abeyted. That thyUe womman he coveytyd. MS. Harl. 1701, f.2. ABEY5ED0UN. Obeyed. Ny they abey^edoun hem nothyng to the kyng best. Chron. Vilodun. p. 9". ABGREGATE. To lead out of the tlock. Mimheu. ABHOMINABLE. .-Vn old method of spelling abominable, ridiculed in Love's Labour's Lost, v. 1 . The word was not always formerly used in a bad sense. See Webster's Works, iii. 175. ABHOR. To protest against, or reject solemnly. An old term of canon law. SeeHem-yVIH. ii. 4. ABID.VN'CE. Tarning; dwelling. Wherein he is like to remain 'till the dissolution of the world, so long is his abidance. The Puritan, p. 22. ABIDDEN. Endured. He looked wan and gash, but spake to them and told them that the Lord, at the prayers of his wife, had restored him to life, and that he had beene in purgatory, and what punishment he had abidden for hi! jealouse. Cobler of Cimlerbnrie, 1608. ABIDE. (1) To persevere ; to endure; to suffer. Pegge gives tlie phrase, " you must grin and and almleW," apphed in cases where resistance is useless, which comes, I believe, fi-om the North. It is also another form of abie. See Collier's Hist. Dram. Poet. ii. 356 ; Malone's Shakespeare, v. 269. (2) Often used by Lydgate in the sense of to forbear. To tolerate is its meaning in the pro- vinces. See Dent's Pathway to Heaven, p. 120 ; Topsell's Four-footed Beasts, p. 75. ABIDYNGE. Patient. {A.-S.) And bold and abidynge Bismares to suffre. Pier* Ploughman, p. 413. ABIDY'NGELY'. Staying. That these had ben with rae familier, .^nd in myn housolde ben abidyngely. 3f.5. Sac. .-Intiq. 134, f. 286. ABIE. To pay for ; to expiate. " To abie it dear" is a phrase constantly met \vith in old writers. Hearne explains it to buy in his glossary to Langtoft. ABIGGEDE. Suffer. {A.-S.) The wiche schal it abiggede Thurch whom he hath don this dede. Legends CcilhnliriB, p. 206. ABIGGEN. To abie, q. v. See Gy of Warwike, pp. 49, 129, 138 ; Piers Ploughman, pp. 35, 127 ; Kyng Alisaunder, 901 ; Amis and Amiloun, 390^ Sc\7n Sages, 497. The kynge schalle hyt soone abygge. MS. Cantab. Ff. il. 38, f. 107. ABILIMENTS. HabiUmeuts. See Hall's Union, Richard III. f. 29. Sometimes written abil- ments, as in Archa?ologia, xvii. 292 ; and abbi- liment, as in the Woman in the Moone, 1597. But to recounte her ryche abylyme/it. And what estates to her did resorte, Therto am I full insuffycyent. Skelton'a Works, i. 363. ABI ABL ABILL. To make able. And namely to ttuirae that abilU Jhamc thare-to with the hclpc of GodU in aile that thay may one the same wyse. 3/.S'. Liriculn A.i. 17, f. 23-1. ABILLERE. Stronger ; moru able. AbUI^re thane ever was syr Kctor of Troye. Morte Arthure, MS. Linailn, f. 81. ABIME. An abyss. Colurapne and base, upberyng from abime. Chaucer, ed. Vrry, p. 539. No word shul thei jilt sowne. Til that thei be fallen downe Unto the af>i/me withouten si;t. Ciiraur Mundi, MS. Trin. Coll. Cantab. (. 1J4. ABINTESTATE. Intestate. Mimheu. ABISHERING. According to Rastall, as qnoted by Cowell, is " to be quit of amorciainents be- fore whomsoever of transgression.'* Rider translates it "by fisco non reditus. ABIST. Payest for it. Thou iexst, he seyd, vile lo.sanjour ! Thou it abi6t bi seyn Savour ! Gy of Warwike, p. 188. ABIT. (1) A habit. The word occurs in the senses of clothing, as well as a custom or habit. See ReUq. Antiq. ii. 175; Prompt Vsas. pp. 9", 179; Gcsta Roinanorum, p. 246; Wright's Piu-gator), p. 141 ; Rob. Glouc. pp. 105, 434. (2) An obit ; a senice for the dead. Also if thei vow hem to lioM an a',it, or otlier ritis, and God behitith no meed for the t^eping, but ra- ther reprove, as he dede sum tyme the Phariseis, doutles that is ajen the gospel. Apology for the LoUards, p. 103. (3) Abideth. See ReUq. Antiq. i. 115; Chau- cer, Cant. T. 16643 ; Rom. of the Rose, 4989. He sayeth that grace not in him abit. But wikkid ende and curaid aventure. Oaieve, MS. Soc. Anliq. 134, f. 263. Ne haste noujt thin owen sorow, My sone, and take this in thy wit, He hath nou;t lefte that wel obit. Cower, .U.V. Sof. ./(ifi./. 13-1. f. 05. Seynt Bernard tharfore toswycli chyt. And Beyth moche forjyt that longe abyt. MS.Harl. 1701, f. 75. ABITACI.E. A habitation; a dweUing. {Lat.) In whom aITig Horn, 1402; Chron. of England, 854; Ritson's Ancient Songs, p. 7 ; Harrowing of Hell, pp. 17, 25. Nou thou hast in that foul hous, A thyng that is ful precious, Ful duere hit ys abobt. Wright's Lyric Poetry, p. 103. ABOLETE. Antiquated; abolished. And dare use the experyens. In there obsolute consciena To practyve suche o6o/ere sciens. Skelton's Works, ii. 48. A-BONE. Excellently; well. Spurres of golde also he had od. And a good swerde, that wolde byte a-bone. St/r Gawayne, p. 217. ABONE. (1) To make good or seasonable; to ripen. Blount, (2J To dispatch quickly. Skinner. (3) Above. See The Greue Knight, 513; Richard Coer de Lion, 4361 ; Lybeaus Disconus, 1816. Tho thei seiche a litel hem alone Seven kiiightes y-armed come. Arthour and Merlin, p. 12S. ABO i ABOOD. Remainerl. Into the bath I scholde goon, And in I wente anoon by grace. And there abood but lytel space. MS. Colt. Tiber. A. vii. f. C5. ABOON. Above; overhead. North. ABOORD. From the bank. As men in suminer fearles passe the foord. Which is in winter lord of all the plaine. And with his tumbling streames doth bearea6oo>-rf The ploughmans hope and shcphcards labour vaine. Spenser's Ruines of Rome, I5!ll. ABOOT. Beaten down. Skimier. See Abate. ABOOVE. Above. West. ABORE. Born. At Taundeane lond I woz abore and abred. MS. ^shmitlese, f. 112. ABORMENT. An abortion. An imusual form of tlie word found in TopscU's History of Four-Footed Beasts, 1607, p. 21. Jdon-ment occurs in Higins' Nomenclator, p. 17; and abort in Florio, ed. ICll, p. 2. ABORTYVE. An abortion. It is also an ad- jective, as in Rich's Ilonestie of this Age, p. 6. The childre that are abortijves, Tho are that ben not born in lyves, Shul rise in thritty ;eer of elde. Cursor Mttniti, MS. Cantab, i. 136. .VBOSTED. Assatdted. {A.-N.) MS. Douce 104 reads and hosted, and MS. Douce 333 has he hosted. A Bretone, a braggere, A-bosted Piers als. Piers Ploughman , p. 126. ABOT. An aljhot. The occurrence of this form in early English shows tliat the new ortho- graphy ahbat, which one sometimes sees, is incorrect. See Legenda; CathoUca;, p. 19; Plmnpton Correspondence, p. 84. ABOTE. (1) Beaten down. of whiche sight glati, God it wot. She was abashid and ubotc. Chaucer's Dreame, 1290. (2) About. With ordir in the bateyllys arayed. They cum the towne abate. Reliq. Antiq. il.21. ABOTHE. Above. Abotbe half lay mani on, The heved fro the nek bon. Arthour and Merlin, p. 1(1, A-BOUET. This word, which occurs in Mr. Wriglit's glossary to the Deposition of Richard II., is jierhaps a misprint for a honet, a kind of sail. ABOUGIIT. Bought. Sometimes, atoned for, from att'ujfjpn; and it is occasion.ally t!ie ortho- graphy ot about. Jennings gives the Somerset- shire proverb (Dialects, p. 80), Vur vaught, And dear abouffht. See Gy of Warwike, i)p. 72, 155, 355; Chaucer, Cant. T. 2305; l.ybcaus Discomis, 1979; Kyng Alisaunder, 898 ; Sir Cleges, 43 ; Tliynnc's Dcliale between Pride and Lowlines, p. (>2 ; Wright's .Munaslie Letters, p. 31 ; Hawkins' Engl. Drama, i. 13. Tlie proverb given above seems to lie derived from an old one, " Dear bought and farr fett, are dainties for l.iilies," which Howell gives in his collection, p. 8. ABO ABOUGHW'ED. Bowed ; obeyed. See a read- ing in the College of Arms MS. of Robert of Gloucester, in Heame's edition, p. 106. ABOUN. Above. They saiil that songe was this to sey. To God aboun be joy and biysse I Tundale's Visions, p. 158. ABOUNDE. Abounding. Ryjt so this mayde, of grace most abounds, A peerelle hath closid withinne hire brcstes why te. Li/d^ate, MS. Soc. Antiq. 134, f. 3. .■VBOURe. Protector > And if thay have any mete, Parte with them wole we. Or elles strokes thay shal gete, By Uod and Seyute Mary, myn abourc. MS. Douce 175, p. 59. ABOUT. Circularly; in a circle. See Macbeth, i. 3. It is singularly used in the phrase, "about, my brains," signifj'ing, " brains, go to work," as in Hamlet, ii. 2. In the eastern counties it is current in the sense of near, as, " this horse is worth nothing about fourty pounds." ABOUTEN. About. According to Cooper's Sus- sex Glossarj', p. 12, it is still in use in East Sussex. And in thiswise these lordesall and some Ben on the Sonday to the cltce come Jbouten prime, and in the toun alight. Chnucer, Cant. T. 2191. ABOUT-SLEDGE. A smith's great forging hammer. See a note in Beaumont and Fletcher, ed. Dvce, iv. 289. ABOUTWARD. Near. See the Plumpton Cor- respondence, p. 201. But than syr Marrok,hys steward. Was faste abmvtewatde To do hys lady gyle. MS. Cantab. VS. il. 38, f. 71. ABOUYE. To bow. Alle londys ssole abouye to by Weste and by Este. Rob. Clouc. p. 215 AB0U3TE. Part, past of abie, q. v. Or it schalle sore ben abouye. Or thou schalte worche as y the say. Gower, MS. Soc. .Inliq. 134, f. 55. And that hath Dido sore abouye, Whos deth srhaU ever be bcthoujte. Ibid, f. 104. ABOVE. In old stage directions this word ge- nerally refers to the ujiper stage, the raised ]ilatform towards the b;ick of the stage. See Webster's \\'orks, i. 314. Above, in eoniinoii speech, is equivalent to more than. As abore a bit, exceedingly, a very common ]ihrase ; and the slang expression aboiie your hooks, i. e. too knowing or clever. ABOVEN. Above. With sparclcs and smekc covered aboven. As hit were a brennyng oven. Cursor Mundi, Trin. Cotl.MS.f. 19. Hlr qucynt aboven hir knc Naked the knightes kncwc. Sir Trtitrrm, p. 246. A BO WE. (1) To bow. See Kyng iUisaundcr, 188 ; Rob. (Jloiic. pp. 78, 309. To lloland than sche gnn abnwe Almost dnun til his fete. .V.s". .Iibmoln 33, t. 37. Th-irefore eeh man heom scholde nbrwie. That guodc ^cmc tharof nome. MS. Laud. 108, f. I. !• ABR 10 ABR (2) Above. Into thatt reygeon where he ys kyng, Wyche abowe all othur far dothe abownde. Sharp's Coo. Mi/st. p. 83. It was busked abowe With besantes fulle bryghte. MS. Lincoln. A. i. 17, f. 136. (3) To maintain ; to avow. This may be a mis- take for avowe. See Arthour and Merlin, p. 193, and the example quoted under Anclowe. ABOWEN. Above. See ReUq. Antiq. i. 54, 189; Prompt. Parv. p. 179. Kepe hyt therfore wyth temperat hete adowne Full forty dayes, tyll hyt wex black abowen. ylshmole'a Theat. Chent. Brit. p. 171. ABOWES. Abbots. [Avowes ?] God and Seinte Marie, and Sein Denis also, And alle the abowes of this churche, in was ore ich am i-do. Rob. Gloiic. p. 475. ABOWGHT. About. Abotvght the body he hyme hente, As far as he rayght last. Torrent of Portugal, p. 9. ABOWTH. Bought. And therfore God, that alle hath wrojth. And alle mankynde dere abowCft, Sende us happe and grace. MS. Douce 84, f. S3. ABOWTYNE. About. Cf. ReUq. Antiq. i. 7; Prompt. Parv. p. 168 ; Songs and Carols, xi. He dyd them in a panne of brasse. Also bote as ever it was. And m.ide fyere flboK'(^ne, MS. JshmoleGi, f. 5. AB03EDE. Bowed. Wei corteysly tbanne abo^ede she. And to help hure gan him praye. MS. Aahmoie 33, f. 27. AB03T. Bought. These bargeyn wyl be dere abo'^t. MS. Douce 302, f. 1. ABRACADABRA. This word, written in a pe- culiar manner, was formerly worn about the ueck as a cure for the ague. See Pettigrew on Medical Superstitious, p. 53 ; Archosolo- gia, XXX. 427. Mr. Banester sayth that he healed 200 in one ycr of an ague, by hanging Abractidabra about ther necks, and wold stanch blood, or heal the toothake, althogh the partyes wer 10 myle of. MS. Addit. 5008. ABRAD. Withered ? The gode burgeis on a dai. His ympe thrivende he sai. Fair i-woxe and fair i-sprad. But the olde tre was abrad. The Sevyn Sages, 610. ABRADAS. A Macedonian pirate, mentioned by Greene and Shakespeare. The commenta- tors have failed in tracing any further notice of Mm. ABR.ADE. To rub, or scrape oflf. See Richard, son in v. The word is still in use as a sea term. ABRAHAM-COLOURED. See Abram-coloured. Cf. Hawkins' Eng. Dram. ii. 276 ; Blurt Mas- ter Constable, 1602. ABRAHAM-CUPID. The expression occurs in Romeo and Juliet, ii. 1, and is conjectured by Upton to be a mistake for Adam Cupid, and to allude to Adam BeD, the celebrated archer. See his observations on Shakespeare, ed. 1748, p. 243. The conjecture is very plausible, as proper names are frequently abbreviated in early MSS., and it suits the sense and metre. ABR.VhAM-MEN. According to the Fraternitye of Vacabondes, 1575, " an Abraham-man is he that walketh bare-armed, and bare-legged, and fayncth hymselfe mad, and caryeth a packe of wool, or a stycke with baken on it, or such lyke toy, and nameth himself poore Tom." They are alluded to by Shakespeare under the name of Bedlam Beggars, and their stiU more usual appellation was Toms of Bedlam, q. v. According to Grose, to " sham Abram" is to pretend sickness, which Nares thinks may have some connexion with the other term. See also Aubrey's Nat. Hist. WUts, MS. p. 259 ; Harrison's Description of England, p. 184. ABRAHAM'S-BALM. A kind of willow. Ac- cording to BuUokar, EngHsh Expositor, 1641. it was used as a charm to presene chastit)-. ABR.\ID. To rise on the stomach with a degree of nausea ; applied to articles of diet, which prove disagreeable to the taste or difficidt of digestion. North. This maybe the meaning in Troilus and Creseide, i. 725. Instead of nourishing, it stimulates, abrades, and carries away apart of the solids. Collins' Miscellanies, 1762, p. 70. ABR.\IDE. (1) To awake ; to start. Palsgrave has " I alrayde, I inforce me to do a thynge." f. 136. And if that he out of his i\epe abraide He mighte don us bathe a vilanie. Chaucer, Cant. T. 4188. (2) Explained abroad by Percy. See Rehques, p. 44. It more Ukely ought to be " a braide," a start. See Ritson's Anc. Pop. Poet. p. 19. (3) As a shght variation of our first meaning, it may be mentioned that the word is particularly applied to the action of drawing a sword from a scabbard. ABR.\M. A cant term, according to Coles ap- plied to a naked or very poor man. Cf. Middletou's Works, iii. 32. ABRAM-COLOURED. Nares considers this ex- pression may be a con'uption of auburn, and is in some measure confirmed by a passage in Coriolauus, ii. 3 : " Our heads are some brown, some black, some abram, some bald, but that our wits are so diversly coloured." The folio of 1685 alters abram to auburn. See Middletou's Works, i. 259 ; Toone, in v. ABRASE. Smooth. The fourth, in white, is Apheleia, a nymph as pure and simple as the soul, or as an abrase table, and is therefore called Simplicity. Ben Jonson, ii. 36(i. ABRAYDE. (1) Started; roused himself. Ipomydon with that stroke abrayde. And to the kynge thus he sayde. Ipomj/don, 1149. (2) To upbraid. See the True Tragedie of Richard the Third, p. 22, where the editor has divided the word. Bochas present felly gan ahrayde To Messaline, and even thus he sayde. hochaa, b. vii. c. 4. ABR 11 ABRAYDEN. To excite. For ihcyi comodiUs lo abraj/den up pride. Lydgate't iSimr Pucm», p. 121- ABREAD. Unconfined; exposed; spread out. North. ABRECOCK. An apricot. Gerard. ABRED. Brousht up. West. ABREDE. (I) This word is explained to up- braid, by Skinner, who refers to the foUovring passage. The meaning is obviously, " ran out of his senses." How Troilus nere out of his witte ahretle. And wept full sore, with visage pale of hewe. The Testament cf C'yeseide, 45. (2) In breadtli. North. See Chronicle of England, 808, in Kitson's Met. Rom. ii. 303. (3) Abroad. Yorksh. Thine armls shalt thou sprede ahrede. As man in warre were forwerede. Romautit w/ the liose, 2^)03. ABREGE. To shorten ; to abridge. And for he wold his longe tale abret,^e. He wolde non auctoritee allege. Chancer, Cam. T. 9531. Largesse it is, whos privilege Ther may non avarice abregge. Oawcr, .VS. Soc. Anti'i. 134, f. 205. ABREKE. To break in. And ;if we may owhar abt-eke. Pie we hem with gret rcke. Arlhiiur and Merlin, p. 2!)2. ABRENOU^'CE. To renounce utterly. Taijlor. ABIIEPT. To take away liy violence. ■ his nephew's life he questions. And questioning, abrepta. liiling'ili/'g lirachy-Martyrotogia, 1657, p. 40. ABREYDE. (1) To upbraid. See Alirayde. Ex- prohrare, Anglice to abreydc— MS. Egerton 829, f. 72. (2) Started. Title at the laste he abreyde sodeynely. Lyitgale, MS. Soc. Jntiq. 134, f. 4. ABRIC. Sulphur. Coles. ABRICOT. An apricot. See Hairison's De- script, of Brit. p. 210; Barct's Alvearie, in v. Rider calls an apricot tree an abrivol-apple. ABRIDGEMENT. A dramatic pcrfonnance; probably from the |)revalence of the historical drama, in wliicb tlie events of years were so abridfjed as to be brought within the compass of a play. See A Mids. Night's Dream, v. 1. it seems, however, to be used for the actors themselves in Hamlet, ii. 2. ABRIGGE. To shield off. Alle myscheffes from him loabrig^e. I.t/dgale's Minor }'ocms, p. 5. ABRIPTED. Ra\ished. Cockeram. ABROACH. To "set aliroach," to tap. It is sometimes used metaphorically in llie state of being diffused or advanced. Cf. l'ronii)t. Parv. p. 52; Chaucer, Cant. T. 5759; Lydgatc's Minor Poems, p. IGl ; Colyne BlowboU, 3. Ryjt as who sette a tunne abroche, He percede tile Imrde roche. And spronge oute watir nllc at wiUc. Goiecr, MS. .*)C. yinliq. 134, f. 137- ABROAD. Broad. Mimhm. Spread abroad, widelv distended. See First Sketches of Henry' VI. p. 97. ABS ABRODE. (1) .\broad. North. Admyt thou shouldst abyde abrode a year or twayne. Should so short absence cause so long and eke so grcc- vous payue ? Romeus and Juliet, op. Collier, p. 46. (2) Spread abroad. North. ABROKE. (1) One that has a rupture is Siud to be abroke. Kennett's MS. Glossai7. (3) Torn. Hants. A-BROKEN. Broken out ; escaped. And saide thei wer no men. But develis a-broken oute of helle. Sir Ferumbras, .MS. ABRON. Auburn. A lusty courtier, whose curled head With abron locks was fairly furnished. Halt's Satires, iii 5- ABROOD. (1) Abroad. (A.-S.) To here bisshopes aboute A-brond in visitynge. Piers Ploughman, p. 38. (2) Sitting, applied to a hen. See Baret's Alvearie, in v. The term is still in use in the provinces. Like black cur scar'd, with tail betwixt his legs. Seeing he sate abrood on aiidle eggs. Clobery's Dieine Glimpses, p. 1115. ABROOK. To hear; to endure. The same meaning as brook, with the a redundant. See 2 Henry VI. ii. 4. ABRUPT. Separated. See Middleton's Works, ii. 151. Almiption, a breaking off, is found in Minsheu, and Troilus and Cressida, iii. 2. ABRYGGE. To abridge. My dayes, make y never so queynte, gchullcn abrygge and sumwhat swage. MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 21. ABSINTHIUM. Wormwood. See an early me- dical receipt in MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 285. ABSOLENT. Absolute. And afterward, syr, verament. They called hym knyght absolent. The Squyr I'f Lowe Degri, 630. ABSOLETE. Obsolete. Miusheti. ABSOLUTE. (1) Highly accompUshed; perfect. See Pericles, iv. 4, and Malone's note, p. 134. (2) Absolved; freed. Chaucer. ABSOLVE. To finish. See a somewhat pecu- liar use of this word in Topsell's Four-Footed Beasts, 1007, p. 89. ABSONANT. Untunable. Cockeram. Hence (Uscordant, disagreeing. GlanviUe has abso- nous in the same sense. See Richardson, in v. ABSTABI.E. Able to resist. He thankcil God of his myraclc, To whose niyght may be nane abstable. Coiver, cd. 1S32, f. 30. ABSTENEDEN. Abstained. .Siche myraclis pleying not oncly pcrverlith ourc bilevc but ourc vcrrcy hi)pc in God, by the whiche scyntls hopiden that the more tlul absleneden hem fro siche plcyes, the more medc thel shuld then have of God. Reliq. Jntiq. it. 47- ABSTENT. Absent. J]'arw. ABSTER. To deter. As the other Hxed upon the door makcth mc to rejoice and to put my whole alliance in Dirisl. «o this in like manner should abster and fear me iind mine from doing evil. BrconS Works, p. S3. ABSTl.NENT. Abstemious. Minsheu. Absti- ABU 12 ABY nency, which is not given by Richardson, oc- curs in Harrington's Nuga; Ant. ii. 247. See the qnotation under AlmesfuUe. ABSTRACT. A separation. See Anthony and Cleopatra, iii. 6 ; Douce's Illustrations, ii. 93. The verb is used in the sense of taking away surreptitiously, and sometimes by the vulgar for extract. I was once asked by the porter of an ancient college whether I was come " agen to-day to abstract some of the old writings." \BSURD. A scholastic term, employed when false conclusions are iUogicaUy deduced from the premises of the opponent. See the Broken Heart, i. 3. ABTHAXE. A steward. Minsheu. There is a dispute about the e.xact meaning of the word, which is generally said to be the old title of the High Steward of Scotland. ABU. Aljove. Devon. ABUCHYiMENT. An ambush. Y-leiede ;ond on ahuchymsnt Sara^yns wonder fale, In ihe wode that jonder stent. Ten thousant al by tale. MS. Jahmole 33, f. 10. ABL'DE. To bid ; to ofter. And in the fairest manere that he can. The message he gan abude. MS. Ashmute C3, f. 24. ABUE. To bow ; to obey. Ne understonde hou luther yt ys to do eny outrage. Other werny out the noble stude, that al the world abiieth to. Rob. Clouc. p. 193. ABUF. Above. Methoght 1 showed man luf when I made hym to be Alle angels abuf, like to the Trynyle. Townelei/ MpsterifiSt p. 22. Dere lady, graunt me thi lufe. For the lufe of Hym that sittis abufc. That stongene was with a spare. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. US. Me thane to luffe .\lle thynge aluffe, Thow aughe be fayne, MS. Laud. 330. ABUGGEN. To able, q. v. See Wriglifs Lyric Poetry, p. 112 ; Walter Mapes, p. 341 ; ReUq. Antiq'. ii. 276; Kyng Horn, 1081. Ac let us and oure ofspryng Abugge oure mysdede. MS. CM. Tiin. Oion. 57. f. H. Help me, God ! and this day He sschal abugge^ jef ich may. MS. Douce 376, p. 36. ABUIN. .\bove. Xortli. ABUNDAND. [Those who are] abounding in riches. Pil not the pore peple with your prechyng, Bot begge at abundand and at ryche aray. Audelai/'s Poenu, p. 30. ABUNDATION. Abundance. Herefordsh. ABURNE. Auburn. See Florio, in v. Albunio. Auburn colour is translated by citrinus in the Prompt. Parv. which woidd make it an orange tinge, rather than the brownish colour now so called. It is also spelt obonnie. as in the Triall of Wits, 1604, p. 255. Another exam- ple of aburne occurs in Well met, Gossip, 4to. Loud. 1619. Her black, browne, aburne, or her yellow hayre. Naturally lovely, she doth scorne to weare. Drayton'a Poetm, p. 233. ABUS. The river Humher. ' Foreby the river that whylome was hight The ancient abus, where with courage stout He them defeated in victorious fight. Ftierie (j'teene, II. x. IC. ABUSCHID. Ambushed; in ambush. That was abuschid ther biside in a brent greve. WiUiain and the Werwolf, p. 131. ABUSE. To deceive; to impose upon. See Cymbeline, i. 5 ; Beaumont and Fletcher, i. 169. The noun occurs in Measure for Mea- sure, V. 1. ABUSED. Vitiated; depraved. Such as have cure of soule. That be so farre abused. They cannot be excused By reason nor by law. Skelton's Works, i. 15.5. ABUSEFUL. Abusive. Herefordsh. ABUSHMENTLY. In ambush. Huloet. ABUSION. An abuse. (J.-N.) See the Faerie Queene, II. xi. 11 ; Wright's Monastic Letters, p. 141 ; Hawkins' Engl. Dram. i. 154 ; Troilus and Creseide, iv. 990; Palsgrave, f. 17 ; Hall, Henry VI. f. 62. Moreovyr wys right a gret abusion, A woman of a Und to be a regent. MS. Soc. Antiq. 101, f. 98. Maike welle thys conclusyon, Throughesuche abttsyotu MS. Rawt. C. 25tt. ABUSIOUS. .\biisive. Even on the very forehead of thee, thou abusiotis Villaine; therefore prepare thyselfe. Taming of a Shrew, 1607. ABUSSIIEMENT. An ambush. Full covertly to lay abusshement, Uuder an hyU att a strayght passage. MS. Rawl. C. 48. ABUST. To arrange ? Wei, said he, y knowe ys wlUe, Fairer thou ahust thy tale ; Let another ys message telle, Antl stond thou ther by thy fale. MS. Ashmole 33, f. 24. ABUT. But. North. ABUTTAL. A boundary. See a quotation from Coke, by Boucher, in v. ABUY. (i) To bow. The he was kyng y-mad, ys hest he made anon. That clanliche to Vortiger ys men abuyde echon. Rob. Glouc. p. 106. (2) To abie, q. v. See Cotgrave, in v. Enchere. ABUY5E. To abie, q. v. Thi ryot thow schalt now abufj-^e. As othere that leeveth uppon ure lore. Walter Mapes, p. 345. ABVERT. To turn away. Cockeram. ABVOLATE, To fly away. Cockeram. ABWENE. Above. Thane come of the oryente ewyne hyme agaynez A blake bustous here ahwene in theclowdes. Morte Arthure, MS. LincolUt f. 61. ABYCHE. To suffer for. Ther start in Sander Sydebreche, And swere, be his fader sowle, he schulde abyche. Hunttyngof the Hare, 179. ABYDDE. Abided. Some hope that whan she knowith the case, Y trust to God, that withyue short spase. She will me take agayne to grace: Than have y well abydde, Reliq. Antiq. i. 24 ACC 13 ACC ABYDE. To forbear. Cf. Urn,-, p. 113. Considering tlie best on every side That fro his lust wcr him better abyde. Than do so hie a churlishe wrctchidnesse. Chaucer, SIS. Canlab. ABYME. An abyss. See Jbime. ABYN. Been. Lord, and thou liaddyst byn here, werely My brother h.id natt abi/n ded, 1 know well thysse. Digby Mystei-ieSy p. 1U4. ABYSM. An abyss. Shak. ABYT. Abidetb ; continueth. See Kyiig Alisauuder, 3638; Urry's Chaucer, p. 542. Cf. Abit. ABYYD. (1) Stay. Ab'/wt, syr emperour, yf thou wylt 1 Octoman, 248. (2) Suffer. Hast thou broke my comaundement, Ahvyd ful derc thou schalle. RcUq. Anliq. ii. 91. AC. But. {J.-S.) ACADEME. An academy. Shak. Come, brave spirits of the realmc. Unshaded of tlie academe. Peacham's Thalia's Banquet, 1620. ACAID. Vinegar. Noivell. ACALE. Cold. (J.-S.) .\nd eek he was so sore acale. That he wiste of himselfc no bote. Cower, M.^. Soc. Antiq. 134, f. 233. For blood may suffre blood, Bothe hungry and a-cale. Piers Phughman, p. 31)3. ACARNE. The sea-roach. Kersey. A-CAS. By cliance. Sir Tristrem. .\-C.\ST. Cast away ; lost. And wencth for te kevere, and ever buth a-catt. Wright's Pol. Songs, p. 149. My purpos is y-failed ; Now is my comfort a-eaH. Piers Pluushman, p. 457 ACATEK. A caterer; a iiurveyor. See Sad Shepherd, ii. 2; Rutland Papers, p. 78. He is my wardrobe man, my acater, cook, Butler, and steward. Dceil is an ,-/.y.«, i. 2. ACATES. Victuals ; provisions purcliased. See Hocelcve's Poems, p. 40 ; Cotgrave, in v. Pitance. I, and all choice that plenty can send in ; Bread, wine, acates, fowl, feather, fish, or fin. .Sail Shejiherd, i. 3. AC.\TRY. The room or place allotted to the keeping of all sueli jirovisious as tlic piu-veyors piurchased for tlie liing. AC ATS. Agates. of acats and of amatistes and adamants fync. MS. Athmiile 44, f. 91. ACAUSE. Because. .Suffolk. The following Suf- folk lines arc from Major Moor's MS. Yow muss- nt sing a' Sunday, Acausc it Is a sin ; But yL-iui mah sing a' Monday, Till Sunday come aginn. ACAWMIN. Coming. Somerset. ACAZUIR. Tin. Ilowelt. ACAZE. Against. The barons it bispckc, that it nas no^l wcl l-do Acaze the pourveancc, vor hil nolde l-'reiissman iion IMi. (iloue. p. ri3.'., ACCABLE. To press down. Junius. ACCAHINTS. Accounts. Slaffurdsh. ACCENSEU. KiniUed. Although thci percevcd their company to be ac- cettsed and inflamed witli fury and malice ynough, yet to augment and encrease their madnes, thei cast oyle and pilche into a fyrc. Hall, Henr;/ Vll. t. 41. ACCEPCION. Reception; acceptation. Ther is nothing rijtiiehe bygunne undir God, bot the emperimr jive tlierto favorable accejjciun and un- dirfonging. Vegeciui^, MS. Drx/ce 291 , f . 4. There is a second acceptlim of the word fiith, put either for the whole system of that truth which God hath been pleased to reveal to his Church In the Scriptures of the Old and New Testament, or some part thTCof, Sandcr'H'),'.^ .Serm' its, KAVJ, p. Gl. .\CCEPTILATION. A verball acquittance, when the deljtour domandcth of tlie crcditour, Doe you acknowledge to have liad and received this or that r And the crcditour answereth. Yea, I doe acknowledge it. Minsheu. ACCERSE. To call togctlier ; to summon. (Lttt.) See Hall's Union, 1548, Edward IV. f. 26; Ilcniy VII. f. 40. ACCESS. Augmentation. Brought thereunto more nccewc of estimation and reverence tlian all that ever was done before or since. Lambardcs Perambulation, 15'J6. p. .101. ACCESSE. (1) A lit of any illness. See Florio, in v. Accf.'iso. Accortling to Blount, " the ac- cess of an ague is the apjiroarh or coming of the fit ;" and " in Lancashire tlicy call the ague itself the access." See Axes. (2) A fever. A water lilly, whiche dothe remedy In hole accesses, as bokes specify. Bitrhar, b. !. c. !.'■. For as the grayne of the garnet skelli The stronge acces, and doth the bete avalc. Li/dgate, MS. Soc. Anliq. 134, f. 13. ACCESSIVELIE. Accessoriatnente, accessivelie, liy his own seeking. Florio. ACCIDAVY. .\n affidavit. A'orM. ACCIDE. Sloth; inilolence; more especially applied to religious duties. (Lot.) Vayne dole, perplexitr, and prydc, llkyiig of godc and accide. MS. Coll. Sion. xvlii. «. Swych synne men kalle accjjde, Vn Goddys servysc sloghe betj-ilc. MS. Hart. 17lll,f. 2 1. Aceide ys slowthe in Codes servisc. In whlcli y fyndc many a vice. MS. Bodl. 48, f. 13S. ACCIDENT. A snnptom of illness. Hider. The situation of a loo conlidiiig girl, wlieii licr swain lia.s proved fiiitliless, is soniclimcs tluis politely designated : *' When lovely woman stoops to folly. And (llids too late that men betray." ACCIDIl-;. Indolence; slotli. He haddc anarctdie. That lie sleep Saterday and Sonday. Piers Ploiiithman, p. 9'J. ACCIPITRAUY. A falconer. A'Wi. ACCITE. To call ; to suiiinion. S/ink. ACCI.OY. To cram ; to clog ; to overload ; to cloy. Ilardvng uses this word vi-it fre(|iicnlly. See his Clironielc, tf. 47, 50, 82, 'J4, 137. 140, 108. ACC 14 ACC And who so it doth, full foule himself acdoyeth^ For office uncommitted ofte antioyeth. ChaUflr, MS. Cantab. ACCLOYD. A wound given to a horse in shoe- ing, by dri\'ing a nail into the quick. See Topsell's Four-Footed Beasts, 1607, p. 414. To accloy originally meant to drive a nail in shoeing a horse. See Prompt. Parv. p. 6 ; Cotgrave, in v. Enclouer. ACCOAST. To sail coastwise ; to approach the coast. Speiwer. ACCOIL. To hustle. Ahout the caudron many cookes acr.oyM, With hookes and ladles, as need diil requyre. Faerie t^ueeue, 11. is. 3U. ACCOL. To embrace round the neck. See Surrey's Virgil, quoted by Richardson, in v. ACCOLADE. The ceremony of embracing, for- merly customary at the creation of knights. Skinner, ACCOLDED. Cold. When this knyght that was accnl-ied, — and hit was grete froste, — and he saw the fyre, he descendide of his horse, and yede to the fyre, and warmide him. GcsCa Rornanorum, p. 83. ACCOMBEROUS. Cumbersome; troublesome. A litil tyme his yeft is agreable. But ful accomberotcs is the usinge. Complaint of Venus, 42. ACCOMBRE. To embarrass; to bring into trouble ; to overcome ; to destroy. See Hardyng's Chronicle, f. 56, 94 ; Piers Plough- man, gloss. See Acombre. Nay, knave, yf ye try me by nomber, 1 wyll as knavishly you accomher. Plane called the Fuure PP. ACCOMMODATE. A very fashional)le word in Shakespeare's time, ridiculed both by him and Ben Jouson, the latter calling it one of " the perfumed terms of the time." The in- definite use of it is well ridiculed by Bardolph's vain attempt to define it in 2 Henry IV. iii. 2. Justice Shallow has informed us just previously that it was derived from the Italian accommodo. ACCOMPLICE. A partner, associate, or com- panion. This word was not formerly appUed exclusively in a bad sense. See 1 Hen. VI. v. 2. ACCOilPLISH. To equip, to dress out, to adorn either in body or mind. See lien. V. iv. ch. ACCOMPTE. To tell ; to recount. Syr, to acatmpte you the contynewe of my consayte. Is from adversyte Magnyfycence to unbynde. Skeltou's TVorka, i. 305. ACCONFERMENT. A confirmation. Rob. Glouc. ACCORAGE. To encourage. But that same froward twaine would accorage. And of her pU'nty adde unto their need. Faerie tjueene, 11. ii. 38. .A.CCORATH-EARTH. A field; green arable earth. North. ACCORD. Action in speaking, con'esponding with the words. See Titus Andronicus, v. 2. ACCORD.VBLE. Easy to be agreed. Minsheu. ACCORDAND. Agreeing. For the rejoun of his saule was ay aecordand with the Cjodhed for to dye. US. Call. Eton. 10, f. 30. ACCORDANT. Agreeing. Whiche saying is not accordaunte with other writers. Fabian, 15.^9, i. 18. ACCORDEDEN. Agreed. whan my fellows and I weren in that vale, wee weren in gret thought whether that wee dursten putten ourebodyes jnaventure, to gon in or non, in the proteccioun of God. And somme of oure fellowes accordeden to enter, and somme noght. MauTidevile'a Travels, p. 282. ACCORDING. Granting. To shew it to this knight, according his desire. Faerie Queene, I. x. 50. ACCORT. Heedy ; wary ; prudent. Minsfieu. ACCOST. Explained by Cockeram " to appro- priate." It occurs in a curious manner in Twelfth Night, i. 3. Kennett, MS. Lansd. 1033, explains it "to trie, to attempt;" Minsheu, to " draw neare unto one ;" and the author of the New English Dictionary, 1C91, says, "wrestlers do accost one another, by joining side to side." ACCOUNSAYL. To counsel with. And called him without fail, And said he wold him accuunsaj/l, Richard Coer de Lion, 2140. .And the thirdesorte haith their ffecs to be accottn- seill with thehowse, and yet the greatest uomberof Iheym hath no lernynge. Wright's Monastic Letters, p. 289. ACCOUNT. To count ; to reckon. Spenser. To account of, to esteem, as in Tarlton's News out of Purgatory, p. 59. ACCOUNTANT. Accoimtable ; responsible for. Shak. ACCOUPLE. To join ; to couple. See HaU and Bacon, quoted bv Richardson, in v. ACCOURTING. Courting. Spenser. ACCOWARD. To make one a coward. I thought that al the wordes in the world shulde nat have afcoK'a)-(i(?d the. Pahgrave, f. 137. ACCOY. To alarm ; to daunt ; to render diflj- dent, shy, or coy ; and sometimes to soothe, to pacify, or make quiet. Spenser frequently uses the word. See Acoie. Cf. Peele's Works, iii. 152. Forsaken wight, she verilie believde Some other lasse Ulysses had acoyde. TurbeviJe's Ovid, 1567, arg. ACCO'i'NTED. Acquainted. (Fr.) The people, having so graciouse a prince and souverayne lorde as the kinges highnes is,with whom, by the continuance uf his regue over them thies 28 yeres, they ought to be so well accounted. State Papers, i. 475. ACCRASE. To crush ; to destroy. Fynding my youth myspent, my substance ym- payred, my ciedyth acn-ased, my talent hydden, my follyes laughed att, my rewyne unpytted, and my trewth unemployed. Queen's Progresses, i. 21. ACCREASE. To increase; to augment. See Florio, in v. Accrescere. ACCRE\y. To increase ; to accrue. Spenser uses this word, but without to or from, which accrue now requires. ACCRIPE. A herb .' Some be browne, and some be whit. And some be tender as accripe. Relite, For verray love may freile desire avkete. Courte of Love, 1076. .A.CKER. (1) A ripple on the surface of the wa- ter. So explained in the Craven dialect, hut Huloet, in his .\bcedarium, 1552, has " aker of the sea, whiche preventeth the flowde or flowj'nge, impetus maris," a more precise defi- nition, preventeth being of course used in the sense o{ precedeth. In the Prompt. Parv. p. 8, a/ti/i" occurs with the same Latin that Huloet gives. See Eager, and Hiijre, ramifications of the same terra, which appear to be apphed to commotions of more riolence that the ge- nerality of Huloet's explanations necessarily imphes. Mr. Way has a good note on this word in the Prompt. Parv. p. 8, and makes the following extract from MS. Cott. Titus A. xxiii. f. 49 : VVel know they the reurae yf it a-ryse. An aker is it clept, I understonde, [wytstonde. Whos myght there may no shippe or wynd This reume in thoccian of propre kyude, Wytoute wyndehathe his commotioun ; The maryneer therof may not be biynde. But when and where in every regioun It regnelhe, he moste have inspectioun ; For in viage it may bothe haste and tary. And unavised thereof, al myscary. This extract scarcely bears out Mr. Way's opinion as to the extended meaning of the word aker. The third line probably refers to the reume, or tide, and merely means to ex- press the great and then necessarv' impor- tance of the tide to na\igation, not any particular commotion or current impUed in aker. Jamieson has aiker, " the motion, break, or movement made by a fish in the water, when swimming fast," wliich is similar to the meaning of the word in Craven. Lily men- tions the agar, but this seems to be the higre, not in the sense of a tide, but a sea-monster. See N'ares, in v. Agar. But, after all. it may mean the double tide, called by Dryden the eagre. The word acker is also used as a verb in the north, to curl, as the water does with wind. See Carlyle's Hero Worship, p. 30, who says the word" is still appUed, on the river Trent, to a kind of eddjing twirl when the river is flooded, which is often extremely dan- gerous to the bargemen. (2) Fine mould. North. (3) .\n acre ; a field. Yorksh. ACKERSPRIT. Said of potatoes, when the roots have germinated before the time of ga- thering them. Chesh. See .icrospire. It is also used among masons and stone-getters, in reference to stone which is of a flinty or me- taUic quaUty, and ihflicult to work. ACKERY. Abounding with fine mould, apphed to a field. North. ACKETOUN. A quUted leathern jacket, worn under the mail armour; sometimes used for the armour itself. (A.-N.) Hys fomen were well boun To perce hys ac^efo«H. Lpbettus Disconus, 1175. ACKNOWN. Acknowledged. North. See Ha- rington's Ariosto, 1591, p. 418; Lambard's Per. of Kent, 1596, p. 461; Supp. to Har- dvng's Chronicle, f. 75. ACKSEN. Ashes. Il'ilts. This form of the word occurs in Kennett's Glossary, MS. Lansd. 1033. ACKWARDS. When a beast hes backwards, and cannot rise. See the glossary prefixed to the Praise of Yorkshire .\le, 1697, p. 89. .\CL1T. Adhered together. Devon. ACLITE. Awr>-. North. .\CLOYE. To cloy ; to overload ; to overrun. See .iccloy ; Wright's Pohtical Songs, p. 335; Ashmole's Theat. Chem. Brit. p. 201. And told hym all the cas unto the end. How her contrey was grevously adoyed Wyth a dragon venoms and orible of kend. MS. Laud. 416, f. 55. A-CLUMSID. Benumbed with cold. JFickliffe. ACME. Mature age. He must be one that can instruct your youth, And keep your acme in the state of truth. Ben Jotmon's Stap. of Neu'g, prol. ACO.\THED. Rotten or diseased in the hver, as sheep. Dorset. A-COCK-HORSE. Triumphant. See EUis's Li- terary Letters, p. 265. .\ somewhat slang ex- pression, not quite obsolete. .\C01E. To make quiet. Sith that ye reft him Ihaquaintaunce Of Bialacoil, his most joie, Whiche all his painis might aroie. Rom. of the Rose, 3564. ACOILD. Congealed. (.4.-.V.) Al to michel thou an afoild ; Now thi blod it is acoiW. Gy of Wanvike, p 211 ACOILE. See Level-coil, a game which is men- tioned by Brome, under the title of levell .icoile. See Beaumont and Fletcher, iv. 215, note. ACOLD. (1) Cold. Dr. Forman, in his Auto- biography, MS. Ashmole 208, informs us that when his master " was acold, he wold goe and carry his faggots up into a lofte till he was bote." Thus lay this povere in gret distresse, ylcoMe and hungrid at the gate. Cower, MS. Soc. Antiq. 134, f. 183. (2) In the following quotation, which is put into AGO 17 Joseph's mouth after he had made the disco- very of the Virgin Mary's presumed guilt, Mr. Shiirp explains acold, called j hut the ordinary interpretation, as given above, will suit the con- text, implying that his powers were impaired. Husebond, in feythe, and that nmld. Sliarp's Ciiv. Slijst. p. 8?. ACOLDYNG. Getting cold. Thesyknesse of the woild thou schalt knowe by chary te acoldi/ng, and eldc of hys fublenesse, fVimUeton's Sermon , I'MH, MS. Hallon B7, p. 24. ACOLED. Cooled. This is the reading of the Herald's College MS. of Robert of Gloucester, the other beiug akelde. See Hearne's etUtion, p. 442. ACOLEN. To embrace. {A.-N.) Then acoles he the kiiyjt, and kyjses hym thryes. As saveriy and sadly as he hem settc couthe. Syr Gawayne, p. 71. ACOMBRE. To encumber; to trouble. (A.-N.) Cf. Arthour and Merhn, p. 26 ; Dejios. of Rich. II. pp. 29, 30 ; Skelton's Works, i. 298 ; Kyng Alisaundcr, 8025 ; Proin])t. Pjirv. p. 6 ; Chau- cer, Cant. T. 510; Piers Ploughman, p. 31. Acumbriid was he for to here Askeof so mony lettressere. Cursor Mundi, MS. Coll. Trin. Cantab, t. 7G. A-COMELYD. Ener\atcd with cold. Prompt. Parv. We havealsotbefonna-cfommyrfe, which would connect it perhaps with the provincial term cltwnnd. ACON. Aix la Chapelle. .'Vt .-h-oit it was broueht to pas, .^s by myne auctor tried it was. Skelton's Works, ii. 48. ACOMCK. Poisonous. Rider. ACOP. Conical ; ending in a point. Marry she's not in f.ibhion yet; she wears a hood, but it stands acop. Alchemist, ii. (i. ACOPUS. Either a herb or stone, introduced by Middleton, in tlie Witch, as an ingredient for a cliarm. See his Works, iii. 327. ACOKDAUNT. Agreeing. (A.-N.) Suehe thynge whereof a man may lere. That to vertu is aeordatint. Cower, MS. Soc. Jnliq. 134, f. 41. ACORDEND. Agreeing. (A.-N.) Nowe myght thou here next sewend Whlehc to this vyce is acordend. Cower, ed. 15.32, f. 36. ACORE. To sorrow ; to grieve. (A.-N. /) Ich am a man; leh schal go (ifore: Tliou nc aujtest now^t ml dcyieore. Hartuhm-ne's Met. Tales, p. 112. At Glouceslre he deide,ac eir nadde he non ; That acorede al this lend, and ys men eehon. iiob. Ctouc. p, 75. ACORSE. To curse. (A.-S.) Callede hem caytyvcs Aeorscd for cvere. Piers Ploughman, p. .37-''. Aeorsrd beo that me b.nr. And the tyme that Ich was i-borc. MS. Laud. 100, f. IIC- A-CORSY. To bury. Deus laudem it Is y.clepud ; Tht» salmc the quene raddo For to a-corsy liere brother botiy, And alle that hlui lailde. MS. Coll. Trln. Ojon. 57. ACQ ACORY'E. Same as Acore, q. v. Bu a peyre of a mare, other thou ssalt be acorye sore. Rob. Glouc. p.3iK) Art thou, heseide, onofthulke? Thou it schalt (itoi ie sore ! MS. Laud. 108, f. 122. ACOST. On the side. (A.-N.) No scha! [scape] non of this ost : Siweth me thus a] aeost. Kyng Alisaunder, 2144. Forth thai passeth tliis lond acott To Clarence with alle her ost. Arthour and Merlin, p. 28J . ACOUNTRE. An encounter. With hard acountres hym agayne. MS. Harl. 2252, f. IOC. The acQuntre of hem was so strong, That mani dyed ther among. Cy of Warwike, p. 291. ACOUPE. To blame ; to accuse ; to incidpate. (A.-N.) See Piers Ploughman, p. 272 ; Rob. Glouc. p. 544. Alle ys pryde and vanyt^. Of al shalt thou acouped he. MS. Harl. 1701, f. S.3. ACOUPEMENT. An accusation. (A.-N.) Withouten answere to acotipement. Hartshorne's Met. Tales, p. 109. ACOUPYNG. An onset. At the acoupyng the knijtes [speres] either brak on Swifili with here swerdes swinge thei logeder. [other, lyUlium and the H'eru'olf, p. 124, ACO\'ERD. Recovered. Bclisent, withouten lesing, Aeoverd and uudede her eyin. .trthour and Merlin, p. 315. ACOW. Crooked ; obliquely ; awrj'. North. A-COYNTEDE. Made his acquaintance. Heo a-coyntede hym anon, and bicomen frcndes gode, Bothe for here prowes, and for heo were of on blode. Rob. Clout: p. 15. ACOYSYNG. Accusing. He is forth brought, and the kyng Geveth him aroysyng. Kyng Alisaunder, 3973. ACQUEYNT. Quenched. The more that my hertc drynketh The more 1 may, so that me thynketh My thurst shall never be acqueyi\t. Cower, ed. 1532, f. 129. ACQUILL. A term in hunting. See Reliq. Antiq. i. 151. It was applied to the buck and doe, tbe male and the female fox, and all ver- min, and corresponds to the French term fni/niller or ai/iiil/cr, a form of ticciiellir, for which see Roquefort, in v. It is nearly syno- nymous with tlie more modern word imprime, which was afterwards applied to unharboiu-- ing the hart. See Sir 11. Drvdcn's Twici, p. 26. ACtJUIST. An acquisition. Milton. Skinner lias if as a verb, explained by acqiiirpre. ACtH'lT. Arqnillcd. Spenser ACtiUlTE. To rcqidtc. O, how 111 dost ttiou acqttite the love 1 beare thee, and that which, for thy sake, 1 do nowe forsjiUe ! The Shephmlrs.i Felismrna, ap.Collier's Shak. Lib. p.28. ACQUITTANCE. (1) Acquaintance. S*iimer. (2) A rccci])t. Norl/i. (3) Requital. See Othello, iv. 2. It is also used by Shakespeare in the sense of " to procure an acquittance, to acquit." Sec Richard 111. iii. 7. 2 ACS 18 ACQUYSE. To acquire. Late to go to rest, and erly for to ryse. Honour anil goodcs dayly to acquyse. Maitland's Lambeth Books, p. 281. ACRASED. Crazed. Grnf/oii. ACRE. (1) A field. The word at first signified not a determined quantity of land, but any open ground, especially a wide campagne ; and that sense of it seems preserved in the names of places, as Castle-acre, West-acre, in co. Norf. See Jier ; Kennett's Glossary, p. 4 ; MS. Lansd. 1033; Gloss, to P. Langt. p. 518-21. Pople with alle the rechesse, and aJcres, als the! wonnen Thorgh ther douhtinesse, the lond thorgh thei ronnen. Peter Langtoft, ■[>. 115. (2) An old sort of duel fought by single com- batants, English and Scotch, between the fron- tiers of their kingdom, with sword and lance. Cowell. ACRE-D.A^LE. Lands in a common field, in wiiich diiferent proprietors hold portions of greater or lesser quantities. North. ACREME. Ten acres of land. A law term. ACRE-MEN. Husbandmen. (Dut.) The foules up, and song on bough, And acie-men yede to the plough. Lay le Fyeine, 176. ACRES. The town so called .' Armede hym in a aclone, with orfraeez fulle ryche, Aboven one that a jeryne of .-/ores owte over. ilorle Artlmre, MS. Lincoln, f. 03. ACRE-SHOT. Akindoflocalland-tax.or charge. The said in-dikcs should be carefully maintained and repaired by those dyke-reevts, out of the com- mon acre-shot, assessed within every of the said towns. Dugdalt^s Imbanking, p. 275. ACRESTAFF. The plough-staff. Huloet. Howell translates it le curoir du coutre. See also Cotgrave, in v. Curette. ACROKE. Crooked. Who so byldeth after every man his howse» hit schalle stonde acroke. MS. Douce 52. ACROOK'D. Crooked; awry. Yorksh. ACROSPIRE. When unhoused grain, exposed to wet weather, sprouts at both ends, it is said to acrospire. According to Kersey, the acro- .ipyre of corn is " that part which shoots out towards the smaller end of the seed." (Gr.) other will haveUhe sprit drowned, and most of those which come without extraordinary pains, will send forth their substance in an acrospire. Aubrey's n'ills. Royal Soc. MS. p. 304. ACROSS. (1) A kind of exclamation when a sally of wit miscarried. An allusion to joust- ing. See All's Well that Ends Well, ii. 1. (2) On cross. When other lovers in arras across, Rejoice their chief delight. Surrey's Complaint of Absence. ACROSTIC. Crossed on the breast. Agreed : but what melancholy sir, with acrostic arms, now comes from the Family ? Middleton's Works, ii. 179. ACROTCH. To take up ; to seize. Hitloet. ACSEDE. Asked. (J.-S.) The kyng Alesandre acsede Hwan sail that be. Reliq. Antiq. 1. 30. ACU ACT. To behave ; to conduct. Essex. ACT/EON. Shakespeare has a classical allusiOD in the Merry Wives of Windsor, ii. 1, applying this name to a cuckold. The commentators have not noticed that Blount remarks it is so used " in a waggish sense." ACTE. The sea-shore ; also, the elder tree. Phillips. ACTILLY. Actually. Tim Boitin. ACTIOUS. Active. He knows you to be eager men, martial men, men of good stomacks, very hot shots, very actious for valour, such as scorn to shrink for a wetting. Webster's Works, ii. 296. ACTON. A leather jacket sometimes worn under a coat of mail ; a kind of tunic. See .ricl-etonn. His acton it was all of blacke. His hewberke and his sheelde. Sir CauU/ie. To Jerusalem he did hym lede. His actone and his other wede. Torrent of Portugal, p. 9€. ACTOURES. Governors ; keepers. (Lat. Med.) See glossary to Baber's ed. of Wicklitfe, in v. ACTRESSES. In explanation of numerous pas- sages in our old plays, it may be weU to ob- serve that actresses were not generally intro- duced into English theatres tUl after the Restoration. In Shakespeare's time the female characters were personated by boys. There is a curious letter on this subject in MS. Tanner 77. It would appear from the following anecdote, written in a copy of the Memou-s of the Count de Grammont, that this practice was continued to a later period: It is said the fleet which went for the queen [of Charles II.] stayed six weeks at Lisbon, without any reason given. Some suppose a change in the queen's person was the cause; to which William Davenant alluded when the king, one niglit at the play, was impatient to have the play begin, — "Sire,*' said Davenant, "they are shaving the Queen.'" ACTU.VTE. To put into action ; to produce. See the Roman Actor, iv. 2 ; Florio, in v. Atttidre. ACTURE. Action. Love made them not ; with acture they may be. Where neither party is nor true nor kind. .-/ Lover's Complaint, p. 240. ACUATE. Sharpened. (Lat.) Gryndyng with vynegar lyll I was fatygate. And also with a quantyte of spyces acuate. Ashrnole's Theat. Chem. Brit. p. 191. ACU.MBRE. To encumber ; to worry. (.:^.-A'.) And but thou sone amende the, Tharfor mayst thou acumbred be. MS. Hart. 1701, f. 36. Gil of Warwike mi name is ; Ivel ich am acumbred y-wis. Gy of Wanvike, p. 217. •VCUNTRED. Encountered. (A.-N.) So kenii thei acuntred at the coupyng to-gadere. That the knijt spere in speldcs at to-schivered. William and the Werwolf, p. J30. .\CURE. A chemical term, appUed to a drug when its power is increased by the addition of some other. Kersey. ACURSEN. To curse {A.-S.) Which is lif that oure Lord In alle lawes acurseth. Piers Ploughman, p. 375, ADA 19 ADA ACTCE. Assize. Kifson. A-CTDEN ANDYS. Aside; obliquely. Prompt. Pan. The King's College MS. reads acydnande, and Pvnson's edition actjdenam. .\-CyNE'N. To assign. Prompt. Parr. ACYSE. Manner ; custom. An halyday fyl, as ys the «*•;/«(■, Men to go to Goildys servyse. JII.S. llnrl. 17U1, f 81. And of these bcrdcde bukkes also, Wyth hcmself thy moche mysdo. That Icvc Crysten mcnnys acyse^ And haunte al the newe gyse. SIS. Bodl. 415, f. 21. AD. Hath. Lo, hou he ad me to-rent, Mi bodi and mi face i-schent. Tht; Sevyn Sages, 4IJ9. AD.\CTED. Driven in by force. Minsheu. ADAFFED. Daunted. Junius refers to this word in Chaucer. Urry reads ada.isid, q. v. ADAM. (1) The following is one of the most common early English proverbs, and John Uall took it as a text for one of his revolutionary sermons. SceWright's Songs andCarols, song i. When Adam delv'd and Eve span, Who was then the gentleman ? (2) A Serjeant, or bailiff, was joeidarly so called. See the Comedy of Errors, iv. 3, "Not that Adam, that kept the paradise, but that Adam that keeps the prison." ADAM-AND-EVE. The btUbs of orchis macu- lata, which have a fancied resemblance to the human figure. Craven. .VDAMANT. The magnet ; the loadstone. Early writers frequently use it in this sense, and oc- casionally the Latin adamax is so interpreted, but not ill Prompt. Pai-v. p. G, where the syno- nyme is " precyowse stone," meaning of course tlie diamond. Cf. Mids. Night's Dream, ii. 2. ADAMATE. To love dearly. Mim/ieu. AD.\M-BELL. A uortheru outlaw, so celebrated for arcliciT that his name boramc proverbial. Percy has a ballad concerning him. With loynes in canvass bow-case tyde. Where arrowcs stick with mkkle iirlde: Like Rhosts of .Idam lifil and Clymme, Sol sets for fear they'l ^h<^ot at him. D\li'er,aiifa VV„rkt, ed. IC73. p. 2»1. ADAJIITES. A sect of enthusiasts who arc said to have imitated the nakedness of Adam in their public assemblies. They are alluded to in the Merry Beggars, ii. 1. ADAM'S-ALE. Water. Var. dial. Jamieson gives Adam'a-wine, a similar phrase current in Scotland. ADAM'S-APPLE. A kind of citron. Gerard. The nob in a man's throat is also called by this name. ADAM'S-FLANNEL. White mullein. It may have obtained this name, says Carr, from the soft white hairs, witli which the leaves arc thickly clotbcil on b(ilh sides. Craven. ADANT. Daunt; quemli; mitigate. Agcyns heom thy wralhthe adfint, Gef hcom mercy and pes heom graunt. Ki/ut>' .-tlitiauhda', 20Jj3 ADARNECH. Colour like gold. Howell. ADARNED. Ashamed. Coles. ADARRIS. The flower of sea-water. Howell. ADASE. To dazzle. Mv clere and shynynge eycn were all adased and derked. Cajtou^s Divert Fruyt/ul C/Ktlt;/ Maters. Theglittring tht-rof wold have made every man's eyes so admed, that no man should have spied his - falbhed, and founden out the trouth. Sir T. Miire'a Workes, p. 459. ADASSID. Dazzled ; put out of countenance. Beth not adassid for your innocence. But sharpely take on you the governaile. Omucei-f ed. Urry, p. lOG. ADAUDS. In pieces. Yorish. To rive all adands, i.e. to tear all in pieces. See Kennett's MS. Glossary, the glossary at the end of The Praise of Yorkshire Ale, 12mo, Y'ork, 1G97, p. 89, and the Yorkshire Diidogue, p. 41. ADAUNT. (1) To tame. (//.-A'.) See Rolj. Glouc. pp. Gl, 372 ; MS. Cott. Nero A. x. f. 41. His flcsshe wolde have charged him with fatnesse, but that the wantonesse of his wombe with travaile and fastyng he adaunteth, and in ridyng and goyng travayleth myghteliche his youthe. Hot. Clouc. p. 484. (2) To daunt. Daniel. ADAUNTRELEY'. Same as avauntlat/, q. v. At last he upstarted at theother sitie of the water, which we call soil of the hart, and there other hunts- men met him with an udauntretaj. Hawkins' Engl. Drcm. iii. 23U. ADAW. To be daunted. Spenser. ADAAA'E. (1) To awake. Palsgrave has, "I adawe or adawne, as the daye dotlie in the mornynge whan the Sonne draweth towardes his rysyng ;" and, " I adawe one out of a swounde." Cf. Troihis and Creseide, iii. 1126. But, sire, a man that waketh of his slepe. He may not sodenly wel taken kcpe Upon a thing, nc seen it partitly. Til that he be adatved veraily. CliQUcci; Cunt. T. 10274. For this is .Spica with hire bry5l spcre. That toward evcne, at mydnyjt and at morwc, Downe fro hevene arfawe^/i al oure sorowe. Lydgate, .MS. HdKon 73. (2) Down. The MS. Bodl. 413, f. 26, reads " do adawe," in the following passage. Cf. Cov. Jlyst. p. 294. Eulycyus the abbot, hys felawc. Herd sey hys here was so adawe. MS. Harl. 1701, f. 27. (3) To kill ; lo execute. Some wolde have hym adaue. And some saydc it was not lawe. Richard Cocr de Lion, 073. AD.VY. In the daytime. For what thing Willam wan aday with his bowc, Were It fethcred foul, or fourc-foted best. WiUiam and lUr WvrHot/, p. fl. ADAY'S. A shorter form of the common iihrasc " now-a-days." East Anijlia. In the follow- ing passage it probably means the same as adai/, t\. v. What UBcth the eorl adayeaf llontes he ar revayes ? SIS. Canlah. Ff. 1. 0, f. Bi. ADAZ. An addice. Kennett's MS. Gloss. I ADD 20 ADH ADDE. Had. And he byhet hym and ys al Kent ver and ner, Al that Hengyst itdde wule wythe kynges daye Vortyger. Rob. Glouc. p. 221. ADDEEM. To think ; to judge ; to determine. {A.-S.) And for revengement of those wrongful! smarts, Which 1 to others did inflict afore, Addeem'd me to endure this penaunce sore, FaeHe Queene, VI, viii. 22. ADDER-BOLT. The dragon fly. Var. dial. ADDER-SAY. I dare say. Yorish. ADDER'S-GRASS. A plant mentioned by Ge- rard, of wltich the generic name is ci/nosorcAis. See his Herball, ed. Johnson, p. 205. ADDER'S-TONGUE. A description of this com- mon plant is in Gerard's Herball, ed. Johnson, p. 404. IGerard. ADDER-WORT. Tlie bistort or snake-weed. ADDICE. (1) An addled egg. Huloet. (2) An adze or axe. This is a common form of the word. Nares quotes Lyly's Mother Bomhie. ADDICT. Addicted. To studies good addict of comely grace. Mirrour Jor Magistrates, p. 175. ADDITION. A title given to a man over and above his first, or Christian, and surname, shon-iug liis rank, occupation, &c. or allurUng to some exploit or achievement. A law term, frequently occiuring iu Shakespeare. ADDIWISSEN. Had I known it. North. An expression nearly obsolete, though stiU retained by some old persons. See Marshall's Rural Economy of Yorkshire, ii. 315. It seems to be merely a corruption of the very common old method of expressing repentance for any hasty action, had I wkf, had I known the conse- quences. The following extracts give forms of the phrase very close to the provincial term. This dredfule ded I drawe rae tylle, And alle ys tomyd to adywyst. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 51. Addiicyst yt wylle not bee. Ibid. f. 51 . ADDLE. (1) To earn. North. Forhy says "to earn, to profit gradually." It occurs in the Townley Mysteries, p. 195. See Adijid. With goodmen's hogs, or corn, or hay, I addle my ninepence every day. Richard of Daltou Dale. (2) " To addle his shoon" is said in the North of a horse that falls upon his hack, and rolls from one side to the other. In the South, when a horse does so, he is said to " earn a gallon of oats." (3) To grow ; to tlirive. East. Where ivye embraseth the tree very sore, Kiil ivye, or tree else will addle no more. Tu^sei's Five Hundred Pointf:, 1573, f. 47, (4) A swelling with matter in it. Somerset. (5) Labourer's wages. Yorksh. ADDLE-HE.A.DED. Stupid; thoughtless. Var. dial. /VDDLE-PATE. A foolish person. Kent. aDDLE-PLOT. a person who spoils any amuse- ment. South. ADDLE-POOL. A pool or puddle, near a dung- hill, for receiving the fluid from it. South. ADDLINGS. Earnings from labour. Yorish. ADDOLORATE. To grieve. See Florio, in v. Doioriire. iVDDOUBED. Armed; accoutred. (A.-N.) Was hotter than ever to provide himselfe of horse and armour, saying he would go to the island bravely addoubed, and shew Iiimself to his charge. Sidneij's Arcadia, p. 277- ADDOULSE. To sweeten. This term occms in the dictionaries of Minsheu and Howell. See Adulce. ADDRESS. To prepare for anything; to get ready. (Fr.) A very common use of the word in our old dramatists. ADE. To cut a deep gutter across ploughed land. Salop. ADEC. A vinegar milk. Howell. ADECOUE. On oath. Perhaps an enor of the scribe in the following passage, the other MSS. reading a-vowe. By a token thou me troue, I breke a solem adecoue. Riibson's Romances, p. S. ADELANT.U)0. Tlie king's heutenant of a country, or deputy in any important place of charge. Of. Middleton's Works, i. 241 ; Min- sheu, in V. It is a Spanish word. ADELE. Added ; annexed. So explained in the glossary to Urry's Chaucer. It should he two words, a dele, a portion. ADEMAND. The loadstone. Tliis form of the word occm-s in Maundevile's Travels, p. 161. ADENT. To fasten. Mhisheu. ADENYD. Dinned; stunned. I was adenyd of that dynt. Hit stoned me and mad me stont Styl out of my Steven. MS. Douce 302, f. 12. -ADEPCION. An acquirement. {Lat.) In the adepcion and obteynyng of the garland, I being seduced and piovoked by sinister counsail and diabolical temptacion, did commytafacynorous and detestable acte. Hall, Richard III. f. 30. ADEQUATE. To make even or equal, ilimheu. ADERCOP. A spider. More generally \n-itteii attercop, q. v. ^Vraneus, an adercop, or a spjnt- ner. — Stanbrigii Voeabula, sig. d. ii. Palsgrave has addircop. See Prompt. Parv. p. 16. ADES. An addice. Keniiett. ADEWEN. To moisten ; to bedew. Thy gracious shourys lat rcyne in habundaunce. Upon myn herte t'adewen every veyne. Lydgate's .Minor Poems, p. 251. The hie hevynes doth your grace adewc. MS. .4shmole 59, f. 174. ADGE. An addice. North. .\DHIB. .\ name given to the herb eyehright. in Dr. Thomas More's MS. additions to Ray. .\DHIB1TE. To admit. In the following exam'ple it i)erhaps ought to be adhibited. Cf. Rbomeo and Julietta, ap. ColUer's Shak. Lib. p. 89. To which counsaill there were adhibite very fewe, and they very secrete. Hall, Edward V. f. 13. ADIIORT. To advise ; to exhort. Julius Agricola was the first that by adhorting the Britaines publikely, and helping them privately, wun them to builde houses for themselves. .Stow's Surcay of London, ed. 1598, p. A. ADM 21 ADO ADIIITETH. Adihteth him, i.e. fits himself witli. Jdiliteth him a gay wenehe of the newe jet. Wright's Political Song*, p. 329. ADIN. Within. Sussex. ADIR. Either. It Is agreiti that the said Thomas \Vr.ingwysh and William Welles shalbe captens of the soghers for the said eit^f and that adir of them shall have iiij. j:o. of the day. Davies's York Records, p. 155. ADIT. A sough or level in a mine, generally made for drawing off water. Derbysh. ADJOYNATE. Joined. Two semcly princes, together at1jnt/y,ftle. In all the world vias none theim like alowed. Hurdyjig's Chronicle, f. 154. ADJOYNAUNTES. Those who are contiguous. The adjective aiijoytiaunte occurs in the Dial, of Great. Moral, p. 192. Sought and pr.nctised waicsand mcaneshow tojoine himself with forein princes, and to greve and hurte his neighbors and adjot/nauntex of the realme of England. Hall, Henry VI. f. 53. ADJOYNT. A person joined with another ; a companion, or attendant. See Daniel's Civ. Wars, iv. G9, quoted bv Nares. AD.1UMENT. Help ; sticcour. Miege. ADJUNCT. United with ; immediately conse- quent. See King John, iii. 3, and Richardson, in V. Adjoin, ADJUTE. To assist ; to help. See Ben Jonson, as quoted bv Richardson, in v. ADJUTORIES. The arm bones. Viyo tr. ADJUVANT. Assisting, See Aubrey's Wilts, Royal Soc. MS. p. 109, for an instance of the word, the same with that taken by Richardson from Howell, Diet, in v. Adjute. ADLANDS. Those butts in a ploughed field which lie at right angles to the general di- rection of the others ; the part close against the hedges. Salop. [Headlands.'] ADLE. (1) Unsoimd; unwell. East. (2) To addle ; to earn. Skinner and Kennett give this as a Lincolnsliire form of the word. ADMERALLYS. Commanders. Sec Admiral. He sonde aftur lordyngys, Fyftene tidmeralli/s and kyngys. And armyd them to fyght. MS. Cantab. Ft. ii. 38, f. 123. ADMIRABLIST. Most admirable. Accented on the antepenult. Yorksh. .\DM1R.\L. This word, which the reader will lind under other forms, did not always imply its present acceptation, hut a Saracen com- mander, sometimes a king. According to Kennett, the term admiral was not introduced before the latter end of the reign of Edward I. Sec his Glossan,', 181G, In v. Marinarius ; and Admyrold ; Richard Coer de Lion, .5012; Maundevilc's Travels, p. 38. Robert of Glou- cester has the form amrayl. Sec Ilearnc's Gloss, in V. According to some, the word was obtained in the wars witii the Saracens of Spain, from Emir-alma, or emir of tlie water, which readily resolves itself into the other word. Set Warton's Hist. Engl. I'oet. Intrud. p. cxcv. ADM IR.VTm;. Minsheu calls the note of ad- miration, the admiralive point. ADMISSION. .\n admission, as when a prince doth avow another piince to be under his pro- tection. Jlollyband. ADMITTANCE. In general the same as ad- mission, but used by Shakespeare in the sense of custom, pri\ilege, or prerogative of being admitted into the presence of great personages. Ford tells Falstafl' he is a gentleman "of great admittance." See the Mem- Wives of Windsor, ii. 2. ADMONISHMENT. Admonition. Shak. ADMOVE. To move to. {Lat.) ADMYROLD. A Saracen commander, or king. Tho spec on adn.i/mld. Of wordes he wes swythe hold. Kyng Horn, U5. ADNOTE. To noie ; to obser\-e. {lat.) In this matelr to bee adnotcd. What evyl counscll withe pryncys maye induce. Brit. mill, iv, 204. ADNUL. To annul. Shal uttirly stonde voide and adnuUid, accordyng to the olde custuroe therof hadde and made. MS. Budl. e Hut. 229. ADNYCHELL. To annihilate. Sec an instance of this form of the word in Skelton's Works, i. 202. ADO. (1) Done ; finished. Somersetsh. (2) To do. I wol that the! togithir go. And done al that thei han ado. Romaunt of the Rose, 5080. ADON. (1) Adonis. Cf. Troilus and Creseide, iii. 722. For thilke love thou haddest to Jdon, Have pitce on my hitter teres smert. Chaucer, Cant. T. 22S6. (2) Done away. Cf. Morte d'.Vrthur, ii. 29. And what with Venus, and othir oppression Of housis, Mars his venime is adon Leg. of IJifpermn. 32. ADONNET. A devil. North. In Yorkshire one sometimes hears the saying, " Better be in with that adonnet than out." ADOORS. At doors ; at the door. But when he sawe her goe forth adores, ho hasted after into the streate. Riche's Farewell, i581. But what, sir, I beseech ye, w.is that paper, Vour liird»hip was so studiously imptoyed In, When ye came outa--te d' Arthur t t. 3G1, ADPOYNTE. To appoint. See Wright's Mo- nastic Letters, p. 194. ADRAD. Afi-aid ; frightened. {A.-S.) The lady wase nevyr so adrad. Into the hale sche hym lad. Torrent of Portugal, p. 13 ADRAMING. ChurUsh. Kerset/. A-DRAWE. (1) Todi-awaway; to withdraw. Awey fro hem he wold a-drawe, Yf that he myght. Octovian, 357- (2) To draw. In the Dorset dialect we have a-draen, drawing. The 5eant, thu he sey hym come, bygan ys mace adrrtiff. Rob, Glouc. p. 20?. ADREAMT. Dosing. This is the provincial mean- ing of the word in Oxfordshire, and prohably other counties. " You see, ma'am, all this time she is adreamt, between sleeping and waking," applied to an infant. The phrase " I was atheam'd," for " I dreamt." occurs in the City Night-Cap, act iv, Cf. Webster's Works, i. 139. I was even now adream'd that you could see witti either of your eyes, in so much as I waked for joy, and I hope to find it true. JVifs, Fittcs, and Fancies, 1595, p. 1)4. ADREDE. To dread. Sn mighti strokes ther wer given, That strong schaftes al to-driven; No was ther non in that ferrede, That of his liif him might adrede. Gy of Wanvike, p. 47- Ganhardin seighe that sight. And sore him gan adrede. Sir Triatrem, p. 288. ADRELWURT. The herb federfew. This name occurs in an early list of plants, in MS. Harl. 978. ADRENCHEN. To drown. (J.~S.) The see the shal adrenche, Ne sha! hit us of-thenche. Kt/uf: Horn, 109. ADRENT. Drowned. See Rob. Glouc. pp. kxxiv. 39, 384. ADRESSID. Dressed; clothed, of vayne glorye excuse me. That y ne have for love be The bettre adri;ssid Ani arayeil. Gower, MS. Soi: Aniiq. 134, f. 66. How here jelow heer was tressid. And hire atire so wel adressid. Ibid. f. 225. ADREST. Dressed ; adorned. Somersetsh. ADREYNTE. Drowned. Cf. Sevyn Sages, 14SG; Piers Ploughman, p. 198 ; Gesta Romanorum, p. 104 ; Reliq. Antiq. ii. 229 ; Minot's Poems pp. 58, 60, 62. So that he gan to swymme forth. Over for to wende; Ac his mcster so evele he couthe. That he adveynte atte ende. MS. Coll. Trin. Oiim. 57. ADRIANE. Ariadne. The plaint of Dejanire and Hermion. Of Adi-iane and Vsiphilte. Chaucer, Cant. T. 4487. ADRIHE. Aside ; behind. See Jamieson, in V. Adreich. The kyngis doujter whiche this sy;e, For pure abaschement drow hire ttdrihe. Cotver, MS. Sue. .intiq. 134, f. 112. The kyngys doujter woche this syjt. For pure abasschyde drow hyre adry-^t. Ibid. MS. Cantab. Ff. i. 6, f. G. A-DRINK. Drunk. See the example quoted under Am.onve. A-DROGH. Drew away. See the Herald's Col- lege MS. of Robert of Gloucester, quoted in Ilearne's edition, p. 241. ADRONQUE. Drowned. Cf. Rob. Glouc. p. 430. Tho fond hue hire sonde Adronque by the stronde. Kijtig Honit 988. ADROP. A sjiecies of aurichalc, mentioned by Ben Jonson, in the Alchemist, ii. 1. Ashmole alludes to it in liis Theat. Chem. Brit. pp. 13.5, 151, 333. A-DROWE. Drew. Cf. Rob. Glouc. p. 307. Hure swcrdes than tliay a-drowe. That wcrn scharp y-grounde. MS. Ashmole 33, f. 30 ADROWED. Dried. Devon. ADRY. Tiiirstv. Var. dial. A-DRYE. To bear ; to suffer. {.4.-S.) In alle thys londe ther ys not soche a knyjt. Were he never so welle y-dyjt. That hys stroke myjt a-drt/e. But he schulde hyt sore abye. JIIS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 218. ADULABLE. Easv to be flattered. Minsheu. ADULCE. To sweeten. {Lai.) Not knowing this, that Jove decrees Some mirth, Vadulce man's miseries. Herrick's Works, ii. 47. ADULTER.ATE. Adulterous; false. Often used in the latter general seme, without any refer- ence to adultery. Cf. Richard III. iv. 4 ; Co- medy of Errors, ii. 2 ; Beaumont and Fletcher, iv. 240 ; Rider's Diet, in v. Adullerlne for adulterous occiu-s in the Mirour for Magis- trates, p. 85. ADUN. Down. Cf. Wright's St. Patrick's Purgatory, p. 55. Sleilich is this vers i-seid. Hit wer harme adun i-leiid. Retiq. Antiq. ii. 175. ADUNATIOX. Union. Taylor. ADUNCITY. Crookedness. Rider. ADURE. To burn. Bacon. iVDUSTON. Adustiou. This form of the word occurs in Greene's Planetomachia, 1585, f. 11. ADUTANTE. Fine .> with ther coppentante They loke adtitante. Skelton'a IVork!, ii. 4!!l ADV 23 AER ADVANCE. To grace ; to give a lustre to. See Tiinon of Athens, i. 2. ADVAN'CERS. The second branches of abnck's horn. See the Lexicon Tetraglotton of Howell, and Ax'anters. ADVAUNT. A boast. And if ye wyii, make none advnuntt For you are sure of one yll strvaunte. Playe calUd the foure PP. ADVAUNTOUR. A boaster. Palsgrave. ADVAYLE. Profit ; advantage. In any wise to do, For lucre or advayle, Ageynst thyr kyng to rayle. Skelton'a Works, ii. 432. ADVENTAYLE. The open and moveable por- tion of the helmet which covered the mouth, for the purpose of respiration. Hys ndventayle lie gan unlace, Hys hed he snioot of yn the place. Octovian, 1153. AD\T:RE. To turn to. And doo then accompte their good service had clerelyoutof renienibcraunce, whiche stirreth theym and others, fordredeandtheirawne securities, toadveie in maner in way of allegiaunce to th Krle of Kyldare, omytiing wele nigh their hole dueiie to the Kingis Highues. Stale Papers, ii. 168. ADVERSACYON. Contention. Desyringe so a castell in to dwell, Ilym and his men to kepe f rorae all adveraaci/on. Hardyng'a Chronicle, f. 55. ADVERSE. Be unpropitious. And seeyde how that was a presage, Touchende unto that other Perse, Of that fortune him schulde adverse. Gower, MS. Sov. Antiq. 134, f. 73. ADVERSER. An adversarj-. Myn adversers and false wytnes berars agaynste me say that they hard Prate saye that I shuld call my very god lorde Chauncellour knave. ArchttvlogUit xxiii. 4G. ADVERSION. Attention. The soul bcstowcth her adversion On something else. More's Phil. Poems, p. 294. ADVERTACYONNE. Information. Of your good herts I have advertacyonne, Where thorow in sowlc holl made je be. Digbj/ Mysteries, p. 10*t. ADVERTASH'D. Advertised. North. ADVERTENCE. Attention. Although the body sut cmoiig hem there, Her advcrtt:ni:c Is alwaie cUis-where. rroi/u.! mill Crcseid,-, iv. 608. ADVERTISEMENT. Admonition. This is tlie original meaning of the word in prefator)- no- tices. Cf. Much Ado about Notliing, v. 1 ; Harrington's Nug. Antiq. i. 46. ADVEST. To put a person in possession. See Cotgrave, in v. Adhcriter, Adventir. ADVISEMENT. Consideration. Thereto, If you respect their position, they are nituat in mancr of a cireie or ring, having an huge lake or portion of the sea in the mitldcst of thein, whicli Is not without perlll to sueh as with smiill advUement enter into the same. Harrieon't Da-icription of BrUaine, p, 33. ADVITE. Adult. {Lot.) Fyrste such pcrsoncs, bcyng nowe advitti, that Is to taye, passed their ehyldehoode, as wel in ninners AS in yeres Sir rAo#. Ktyot'a G'»v«rMor, p. H5. ADVOCACIES. Lawsuits. (A.-N.) lie ye not ware Iiow that false Poiiphete Is now about cftsonis for to plete. And bringin on you adirncaciet new i TroUut and Cretclde, il. W09. ADVOCAS. Laivjers ; advocates. As shameful detli as herte can devise. Come to thise juges and hir advocas, Chaurer, Cant. T. I222i. ADVOCATION. Pleading. SAai. ADVOCATRICE. A female advocate. Eti/Ot. AD VOID. To avoid ; to leave ; to quit. " Void the bar" is a phrase still used by the crier at the courts in Westminster Hall. Cf. M' right's Monastic Letters, p. 198; Hall, Henry IV. f. 27 ; Supp. to Hardj-ng, f. 83. ADVOUCH. To avouch. Vet because it hath l>eene by us experimented, and found out to be true, we maie the better orfuouc/* it. Slitnihurst^s Deacripti'n vf Ireland, p. 3n. ADVOAVE. To avow ; to plead. See Palsgrave, f. 138. So that I maie sale and advowe that never prince bcaryng scepter and croune over realmes and re- gions, hath found or proved more faithfuller coun- saiiers, nor trcwcr subjectes, then 1. Hall. Edward IV. f. 60. ADVOWTRY. Adultery. Cf. Cov.Myst.p. 216 ; Hardyng, f. 191 ; Supp. to Hardjiig, f. 67 ; Percy's Reliqucs, p. 12(5 ; Apology for the Lol- lards, p. 78 J Rom. of the Rose, 4954. We giffe nojte oure bodyse to lecherye ; we do nane advowtrye, ne we do na synne whareforc us sulde nede to do penauDce. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f.33. ADVTiSYON. A vision ; a dream. O good knyghte, sayd he, thow arte a foole, for that pentilwoman was the maistcr fende of hclle, the wliiche hath power above alle devyls, and that was the old lady that thow sawest in tliyn advysyott rydynge on the serpent. Slorfe d'.lrthur. ii. 245. ADWARD. Award; judgment; sentence. Sjiemer. This poet also uses it as a verb. ADWAYTIIE. To wait for. This peculiar form occurs in Wright's Monastic Letters, p. 202. ADYGHT. Dressed ; adorned. (.-/.-S.) The terys raune on the kingis kne. For joye that he sawo Dors adyght. 3tS. Harl. 22.'.2, f. 105. ADYLD. Addled ; earned. He has adyld his ded, a kyng he hym caldc. Tou-neley Slysterlea, p. 196. ADVT. The innermost part of a teni])le j the place where the oracles were pronounced. Behold, amidst the adyts of our gods. Greene's IVorks, 1. 114. ADYTE. To indite ; to mite. Kyng llychard dede a lettrc wrylc, A noble clerk it gan adylr, And made Ihcrinne mcnsyoun. More and tesse, of the raunsouii. Hicliard tVr de Lion, 1174. ADZE. An aildicc. Mins/ien. AE. One ; one of several ; each. North. AER. An ear. Ea.it. AERE^L\NC^;. Divination by the air. lie tempteth ofte, and eek also, .Ifrcf'Kinri^ In Juggement. G,:tier, .VH. Soe Anliij. 134, t. 18*. AFE 24 AFF ^STRT). Summer. I must also shew how they are likewise ingenderetl out of the dust of the earth by warme, tBstivc, and summer shewers, whose life is short, and there is no use of them. TopselVs Histtii-i/of Sa-pentSt p. 178. AEWA.\S. Alwavs. AWt/i. AEY. (1) Yes. Var. dial. (2) Always ; ever. off iewtyng, welle y wote. He bare the pryes aey. J/5. Catitab, Ff. i. 6, f. (JO. AF. Of. Fore as possebil fore soth hit is, With a tere a/ tliyn ve. .1/.5. Doucs 302, f. 19. AFAITEN. To tame. {A.-N.) It o/fiiteth the flessh Fram folies ful manye. Pia-s Plou^hmatt, p. 291. A-FALLE. Fallen. Cf. ReUq. Antiq. ii. 272 ; Gesta Romanorum, p. 4 72. Lordynges, wel je wyteth alle. How Charles the kyng of Fraunce Now is oppon my lond a-falle. With pride and gret bobaunce. MS. AsUmole 33, f. 20. AFARE. Affairs; business. Skinner. AFARNE. Afar off; at a distance. Al thay wald wiht hym afarne. Cuji of TTarwick, UiddlehiU SIS. AFATEMENT. Behaviour; good manners. (^.-.V.) Theo thriilde him taughte to play at bal ; Theo feorthe afatement in halle. Kimg .■itismtnder, 661. AFAUNCE. Weber conjectures tliis word to mean affiance. The BotU. ilS. reads avaunce. By anothir mon thou knowest afannce. And by the steorres telle his chauiice. Kt/ng AlisaiiudtT, 732. A-FAYLE, To fail ; to be wanting. Two huiulurd knyghtys take the The LerousboUlely toassayle ; Loke yowre hertys not a-faple, MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 178. AFAYTY. To tame ; to snbdue. {A.~N.) As sone as somer come, to Yrlond he gan wende, Vor to afayUj that lond, and to wynne cch ende. Roft. Glmtt:. p. 179. AFEARD. Afraid, Var, dial. This form of the word is a common ai-chaism. See Merch. of Venice, Li. 9. AFEDE. To feed. Chaucer. AFEFED. Feofed; gave fiefs. Thei lete make a guode abbey. And well yt afefed tho. Amis and Amiloxni, 2486. AFELD. (1) In the field. This brethren wendeth afeld To witen here fe ; Ac Joscp levede at hom, That hende was and fre. MS. Bodl. 653, f. 2. Ant hou he sloh afelde Him that is fader aquelde. Kyng Horn, 9117. (2) Felled; destroyed. (J.-S.) That lond destrud and men aqueld, And Cristendom thai ban michel a/cld. G.v of JVarwike, p. 1)6. AFELLE. To fell ; to cut down. {J.-S.) The kyng diule oiion afr'He Many thousaude okes, ich telle. Kyng .'tlisaunder, 5240. AFENCE. Offence. Prompt. Parv, AFEND. To offend. Thi God thou schalt nojt afend, Bot bryng thiselfe to good end. MS. Douce 302, f. 2. AFENGE. Received. {A.~S.) Seinte Martha guod was, As 58 hereth of telle, Hy afenge cure Lord in here hous, As it seith in the gospelle. MS. Cull. Trin. Oxon. 67. AFEORMED. Confirmed ; made fast, {J.-N.) Have who so the maislry may, Afeormed faste is this deray. Ksfng Alisaunder, 7356. AFER. A horse. Nor thumb. AFERD. Instructed. {A.-N.) And hoteth him sende, fer and nere, To his justices lettres hard, That the contrais beo aferd To frusche the gadelyng, and to bete. And none of heom on lyve lete. Kyng Alisaunder, 1813. AFERE. (1) Afraid. As T)TT\'hitt does not ex- plain this word, I give the French original of the passage in which it occurs. Mine hert for ire goith afere. That I let any entre here. Romaunt of the Rose, 4073. Trop yr^ suis au cueur du ventre. Quant oncques nul y mist le pi^. Le Roman de la Rose, 3827- (2) To make afraid. (J.-S.) Ye have with yow good engynes, Swilke knowe but few Sarezynes; A mangenel thou doo arere. And soo thou schalt hem wel afere. Richard Coer de Lion, 4104. AFERID. Afraid. (J.-S.) Ha ! cowarde hcrte of love unlerid, Whereof arte thou so sore aferid. Cower, MS. Sue. Antiq. 134, f. 107- AFERRE. Afraid. (J.-S.) 3ytte sche that is aferre lette her flee. Ritson's Ancient Songs, p. 77> AFERT. Afraid. (.^.-5.) So gryslich thei were wrought, Uche of hem a swerd brought, And mad hire a/ert so sore. Thf Ki/iig 0/ Tiijs, 411. A-FETID. This term is applied to deer in the foUowingpassage, and apparently means well or full shaped. (^.-iV.) And wel a-fetid is whanne the hed is wel woxeii by ordynaunce after the highte and the schap, whan the tyndes be wel growe yn the beem by good me- sure. MS. BiM. 546. AFFADIL. A daffodil. A common old form of the word, found in Palsgrave, Minsheu, Florio, and Cotgrave. " Flom' of affadiUe" is recom- mended in a receipt to cure madness, in an old medical MS. in Lincoln Cathedral, f. 282. See also Archseologia, xxx. 382. AFFAIED. Afraid ; affrighted ; affected. Lang- loft. AFFAIES. Burdens. Langtoft. AFFAINED. Feigned. Hall. AFFAMISH. To famish with hunger. Spenser. ATFAYTED. Prepared; instructed; tamed. (J.-N.) AFF 25 AFF He hadde a clergon yonge of age, Whom he hath in his ch.imber affaiied, Uuuer, ed. 1532, f. 43. His cookes ben for hym nffaytedf So that his body is awayted. Ibid. f. 130. The jon^'c whelpe whiche is affayted, Hath not his mayster better awayted To couche, whanne he sayeth, '* Goo lowe !" Gowev, MS. Soc. Jntiq. 134, f. 46. And eehe of hem his tale affaytcth AUe to deceyve an innocent. Ibid. f. 61. AFFE. Have. That mester affe to wynne thcem mede. Ritt'in'a Ancient Songs, L 47. AFFEARED. Afraid. Shak. Few provincial words are more common. AFFECT. (1) To love. This word is used both as a substantive and a verb. True worth moves few : but sure I am, not many Have for bare vertues sake affected any. fVither'e .tbusiS, p. 34. (2) A property of the mind. Yea. they were utterlie void of that affect, which is naturallie ingraffVd in man, which is to be pitti- futi to the humble and prostrate, and to resist the proud and ohsiinat. Hulina'ied, Hist. «>/ Ireland, p. 55. AFFECTATEU. Affected. " A stile or oration to much affectated wjth strange words." Baret. AFFECTATION. A curious desire of a thing which nature hath not given. Rider. AFFECTEOUSLY. Affectionately. See Af- fecfuoiislij. After hys death, his life again was daily wisshed, and affecteoufly cmoug his subjectcs dcsyred, but wishyng served not, nor yet their desyre tooke none effecte. Hall, Edward JV. f. 61. AFFECTION. (1) Affectation. Shak. (2) Sympathy. See a curious passage in the Merch. of Venice, iv. 1, and the notes of the commentators. Parson Hugh, Merry Wives of Windsor, i. 1, makes a verb of it, to love. AFFECTIONATED. Attached. See the Cobler of Canterburie, 1608, sig. E. iii. And aUjeit he trusted the Englishmen well inough, yet being borne on the otlier side - ; The longe daye he spent in glotony. Bochas, b. V. c. 8. Swa sulde we do agaynes deveUes that ajfbrces thame to reve fra us the hony of poure lyfe and of grace. MS, Lincoln A. i. I?, f. 194. AFFORD. To afford to sell. Non posmm tanfulo vendere, I cannot afford it at so Uttle a price. Rider. AFFORE. To make effective. So that thou ous sykerye ajffbre To help ous in this clos. MS. Mkmole 33, f. 27. Heete and moysture direct>th ther passages, With greene fervence faffore yong corages. Lydgate'a Minor Poems, p. 244. AFFORME. To conform. Ye servauntes that wayte upon the table, Be ye honest and dylygent ; To hym that is most honourable Jfforme your maners and entent. Doct. of Good Servauntes, p. 8. AFFORN. Before. And alJe the Sarsyns thay a-slowe. That thay a^o)-n him founde. MS. Ashmole 33, f. 30. AFFORST. Thirsty. Not halffe ynowh therof he hadde. Oft he was afforst. The Frere and the Boy, iv. AFFRAIE. Fear. But yet I am in grete affraie Lest thou sholdest nat doe as I sale. Rom. of the Rose, 439?. AFFRAMYNGE. Framynge, or afframynge., or wynnynge, Lucrum, emolumentum. Prompt. Parv. p. 176. AFFRAP. To encounter ; to strike down. They bene y-mett, both ready lo affrap. Faerie Queene, II. i. 26. AFFRAY. (1) A disturbance. (^.-A'.) Who lived ever in swiche delite o day, That him ne meved other conscience. Or ire, or talent, or som kin affray. Chaucer, Cant. T. 555?. (2) To frighten. (A.-N.) Needles, God wot, he thought hire to affray. Chaucer, Ca«(. T. 8331. AFFRAYED. -\fraid. And whenne Kynge Edwardes hooste had know- lege that Sere Perys le Brasille with the Scottes- menne were comynge, thei remewed from the sege and were affrayed. Warkuorth's Chronicle, p. 2. AFFRAYNE. To question; to ask. (A.-S.) Byfore the amyral thanne he goth. And bygan him for to affrayne. MS. Ashmole 33, f. 28. I affi-ayned hym first Fram whennes he come. Piers Ploughman, p. 347- I AFFREXDED. Reconciled. I Where when she saw that cruell war so ended. And deadly foes so faithfully affiended. In lovely wise she gan that lady greet. Which had so great dismay so well amended. Faerie Queene, IV. iii. 50. AFFRET. An assault ; an attack. (Fr.) And, passing forth with furious affret, Pierst through his bever quite into his brow. Faerie Queene, IV. ill. 11 AFFRICTION. Friction. Boi/le. AFFRODILE. A daffodil. Chesh. AFFRONT. To meet face to face ; to encounter. Cf. Troilus andCressida, iii. 2 ; Hamlet, iii. 1. " On affront," face to face. Ben Jonson, iv. 51, has the word as a substantive. The brigge ys of fair entaylle. On brede fourty fete: An hundred knyjtes wythoute faille, Ther on affront mowe meet. MS. Mhmole 33, f. 22. AFFRONTEDXESS. Great impudence. Skinner. AFFULDEM. Struck down. {A.-S.) Roland is an hardi man. So strong man and so wijt ; In no batail ther he cam, Ne fond he nevere knvjt That onys a strok him astod. That he on him leide. That he ne affuldem were wod, Outher slowe at a braide. MS. Ashmole 33. AFFYAUNCE. Trust. He shrore hym with grete repentaunce. But of Goddys mercy he hadde none nffyaunce. MS, Harl. 1701, f. «2. AFGODNESS. Idolatry. Skiyiner. AFILE. To file; to poUsh. Cf. Troilus and Creseide, ii. 1681. Whanne he hath his tunge ojilid With softe speche and with lesynges. Goicer, MS. Soc. Autiq. 134, f. 42. For wel he wiste, whan that song was songe. He must preche, and wel ntUe his tonge. Chaucer Cant. T. 714. AFILED. Defiled. AlaSj heo saide, y nere y-spilled ! For men me clepuih quene afiled. Kyng Alisaundei', 1064. A-FINE, Wel a -fine, in perfection. St^Afyn. For no man at the firste stroke Ne may not fel adoune an oke, Nor of the reisius have the wine. Till grapes be ripe and wel a-fine. Rom. of the Rose, 3690. AFINGRET. Hungry. Cf. Wright's Political Songs, p. 342 ; Piers Ploughman, pp. 133, 176, 283, 403. A vox gon out of the wode go, Alngret so, that him wes wo; He oes nevere in none wise Afingret erour half so swithe. Reliq. Antiq. ii. 272. As hy were on a day sore afyngred. To the bord hy sete. MS. Coll. Trin. Oxon. 57, {. 3. AFIT. On foot. North. A-FIVE. Into five pieces. Sir Gii to him gan to drivej That his spere brast a-Jive, Gy of Wartcike, p. 3S5. AFO 27 AFO AFLAMING. Flaming. The stiBg of tongues the ajlaminy fire -lolh feeil. yippend, to W. Mupes, p. 2.'U. AFLAT. Flat. Bacon. AFLAUNT. Showily dressed. Al n/iauttt DOW vaunt it; Brave wench, cast away care; With layes of love chaunt it, For no cost see thou spare. Promos and Cassandra, i. 2. AFLED. Escaped. He shoke his eares. And fiom grete fcares He thought hym well qfied. Sir Thomas Mor^s Workes, 1557. AFLIGHT. To be uneasy. {A.-N.) Upon this worde hir hcrte afiight, Thynkende what was best to doone. Gower, b. ii. Tho was the boy aflyght. And dorst not speke. Ocfotria», 191. A-FLORE. On the floor. And over keveryd with a pal, A'fiore where she stondes. MS, Cantab. Ff. i. 6, f. 90. AFL03EN. Hown. And were ajlo'^en grete and smalle, And eke the amerel. MS. Jshimle 33, f. 41. AFLY5TE. Same as Jjiiyht, q. v. Upon his worde hire herte nfty^te, Thenkende what was best to done. Goner, MS. Soc. Antiq. 134, f. (». And tho for fere hire herte ajf.v^te. Ibid, f, 112. AFO. To take ; to undertake ; to receive. Thcmpereur that was so fre, With him Gij than ladde he; Castels him bede and cit^s, Gret worthschip and riche fcs ; Ac he therof nold afv. For nothing that he might do. Gy 0/ Warwike, p. 94. BI mi Lord Jhesus Crist, This message ichil afu. Ibid, p. 133. For nought that y might n/o, Y nil bitray therl Tirri. Ibid, p, 199. AFO AT. On foot. Var. dial. AFOILD. Foiled ; cast down. Felice hadde of him gret rewthe. Gii, quod sche, thou lovest me In trewthe ! Al to niichel thou art afiMd ; Now thi blod it is acoild. Cy of Wanrikf, p. 20. AFONGE. To take; to receive. " Afongo hem who soafonge," take them who will take them. Cf. Wright's .Middle-age Treat, on Science, p. 140; Rob. Glouc. p. Ul; Arlhonr and Mer- lin, p. 126; Kyng AUsaunder, 606, 972, 7289, 7534. Alas! scde scintc Cuthbcrd, Folc ech am to longe ! I nelle this schcp no loiif^er kcpe, Afongo hem who so afonge/ MS. Coil. Trin. Oxon. HJ, f. 2. AFORCE. (1) To force ; to compel. Cf. Kyng Alisaimder, 7H9; Rob. (Jlouc. i)p. 121, 323^; Skelton's works, i. 31, 30B, explained to mean, to attempt, to exert one's self. Thoghe men afurrod hym, for drcde, To sey that that man dyd that dedc. MS. Hurl. 1701, f. 2.".. For jlf a men a/orce hym ay To do the goode that he may, ;it may his goode dedus be so wrought, 1 hat par c)i;iunce God aloweth hym nought. MS. Athmole 41, f. 31, (2) To force ; to ravish. He hath me of vilanie bisought ; Me to a/vrce is in his thought. Arthour and Merlin, p, 88* AFORE, (1) Before; forward; in time past, {A.'S.) It is used in the two latter senses with quick speakers ; especially in the northern pnninces. and in Norfolk. In MS. Digby 40, f. 19, is the proverb, " Hee that will not be- ware aforp will be scry afterwardes." And when the lycnas hungurd sore, Sche ete of the gryffyn more, That afore was stronge and wyght. MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 84. (2) Gone. So explained in a MS, Somerset- shire glossar)', lent to me by a native of that county. AFOREN. Before. Chaucer. AFORE-TUZ. Before thou hast. Yorksh. AFORETYME. In time past. Still in use. See an instance in thcDial. of Great. Moral, p. 144. AFORE-YENE. Over against ; directly in front of. Somcract. And sayid, nece, who hath arayid thus The yondir house, that siante aforyrnc us ? Ti-oilus and Creseide, Ii. 1188. AFORNANDE. Beforehand. Prompt. Parr. AFORNE. Before; formerly. JVe-st. Afurne provided by grace of ('rist Jhesu, To were ij. crownys in Yngtand and in Fraunce. MS. Hart. 2251, f. 4. AFORNE-CASTE. Premeditated. By high imaginacion afome-caxte. On a night thorghe the hoggis sty hee brast. Chaucer, ed. Uny, p, I7I, AFORRAN. In store; in reserve. North, a corruption apparently of aforehand. A-FORSE. By necessity. Than flclle it a-fforse to ffille hem ajeyne. Deposition of Richard II. p. 28. AFORTHE. (1) Toatford. {J.-S.) And yaf hem mete as he myghte aforthCt And mesurablc hyre. Piera Ploughniant p. 129. (2) Continually. (A.^S.) And here and there, as that my lltillc wit Afvrthr; may cck thinkc I translate hit. Oa:tere, MS. Soc. Anti'j. 134. f. 2(>'. A-FOU\VARD. In front. Mid thrc hondred kny^tcs, a duk, that het Slward, Auaitcdc Corincus hymsetf a-forward. Hob. Glouc. p. 17. AFOTE. On foot. Whenne Adam Abelle body fond. Fur sorwe afote myjt he not stond. Cursor Mundi, MS. Coll. Trin. Cantab, f. It. It felle they foujtcn bothe afote. Gower MS. Soc. Anttq. 134, f. 11 7. AFOUE. A vow. Jake seyde, y make afoue, V am OS rctlcy as thow. The Frere and the Boy, St. Ixvl. AFOUNDE. Discovered. And tho the Sarsencs afound« Ik-r lord was iiLiyn, Evcrych to flc away that stounde Was fcrly Xayn. iktopian, IG.'>a AFT AFOUNDRIT. Foundered. He was ncr a/oundlryi, and coud none olhir help. Chaucer, ed. Vrry, p. 599. AFOUR. Over. This men, on the kinges sond. Went o/our half Inglond. Ai-thour and Merhn, p. 24 A-FOYSTE. In Prompt. Parr. p. 7, this is trans- lated bv tirida, the meaning of wluch may be seen iii that work, p. 163. The a is pro- bably the article, although Mr. Way informs me t^he Winchester MS. reads affi/ste. A-FRAWL. For all ; in spite of Suffolk. AFRAYE. Fear; fright. Cf, Prompt. Parv. p. 175. That other rode his waye. His herte was in grete afraye. Syr Tryamoure, 1332. AFRAYET. Afraid. The freson was afrayet, and ferd of that fere. R'ibaou's Romances, p. 15. AFREED. Afraid. Derbysh. AFRET. Fretted; placed crosswise. (^.-.V.; For round environ her crounet Was full of riche stonis afret. Rom. of Rose, 3204. AFRETIE. To devour. Spedeth ou to spewen, Ase me doth to spelle ; The fend ou afretie With fleis ant with felle. Wright's Pol. Song.':, p. 240. AFREYNE. To judge. (.-l.-S.) But evere we hope to Thin goodnesse, Whanne Thow schalt this werde afreyne. Hampole's Stim. Consc. MS. AFRONT. In front. See Beniers. Least his people should be assailed not onlie afroni, but also upon everie side the battels, he caused the ranks so to place themselves, as their battels might stretch farre further in bredth than otherwise the order of warre required. Holimhed, Hist. England, p. 50. AFRONTTE. Abreast. And worst of all that Tundale fand, Afrontte unnethe thei myght passe Tundale'B Visions, p. 32. AFRORE. Frozen. Somerset. AFROUGHTE. Asked ? {A.-S.) The bysschope spake withoute fayle, Thoughe he were nothjTige afroughte. MS. Harl. 2232, f. 114. AFROUNT. To accost ; to encounter ; to at- tack. {A.-y.) .,,,., An if a pore man speke a word, he shal be foule ttfrounlfd. Wrighfs Political Smgs, p. 337. And with Nedc I mette. That afnmnted me foule. And faitour me called. Piers Ploughman, p. 425. AFRY3TE. Frightened. Hire herte was so sore afry^te. That sche ne wiste what to thinke. Cower, MS. Soc. Antiq. 134, f. 161. He be-helde jif the hinde evel hurt were. And fond sche nas but a-frift for fere of that dint. tnil. and the fVerwolf, p. 100. AFT. (1) Oft. Percy. ,,.,•• (2) Beliind. Generally a sea term, but it is m common use on the banks of the Tyne, and occasionallv in other places, in the sense here given, without any relation to nautical subjects. 2» AFT AFTE. Foolish ? Hit nis bot trewth. I wend, an afte. For te sette tiegit in eni crafie. Wright's Political Songs, p. 210. .\FTER. Aftenvards; according to; according to the shape of. " .\fter that they ware," ac- cording to their degree. So in the Common Prayers, " Neither reward us after our iniqui- ties." i. e. according to our iniquities. The word occurs apparently in a peculiar sense in Ritson's .\ncient Songs, i. 40. Theo othir ladies after tli.it they ware. To knyghtis weore deliverid there. Kyng Alisaunder, 2503. AFTERBURTHEN. The afterbirth. This word is often used in tlie curious depositions relating to the birth of the Prince of Wales in 1688. See Croft's Excerpta .\ntiqua, 1797. AFTERC.L-\P. .Vny tiling tUsagreeable happening after all consequences of the cause have been thought at an end. Hartshorne, Salop. Antiq. p. 303, says, " the consequence, issue, residt, generally received in malum partem." Cf. ReUq. Antiq. i. 7 7 ; Collier's Old Ballads, p. 94 ; HoUnshed, Hist. Engl. p. 197. To thy frende thowe lovest moste, Loke thowe telle not alle thy worste, Whatesoever behappes ; For whane thy frende ys thy foo. He woUe tell alle and more too ; Beware of afterclappes ! MS. Lansd. 762, f. 100. So that hit was a sory happe. And he was a-gast of after-ctappe . MS. Douce 236, f. 14. AFTERDEAL. Disadvantage. Cf. Reynard the Foxe, p. 149. For otherwise the partie ys dryven to a greate afterdele, and must be enforced, to his greate chardges, to repaire to your majestic for the same, whiche he is not well able to doo. State Papers, iii. 460. AFTER-EYE. To keep a person in ™w; to follow him. Stiak. AFTERFEED. The grass that grows after the first crop has been mown, and generally fed off, not left for an aftermath, as in some other counties. Oron. AFTERINGS. The last milk drawn from a cow. Var. dial. AFTER-KINDRED. Remote kindred. Vet nathelesse your ktnrede is but after-kinrede, for they ben but litell sibbe to you, and the kinne of your enemies ben nie sibbe to hem. Chaucer, ed. Vrry, p. 153. .\FTERLEYS. Aftermaths. Berks. AFTER-LONGE. Long afterwards. And after-longe he lyved withouten stryfe, Tyll he went from his mortall lyfe. Keliq. Antiq. i. 47. AFTER-LOVE. Love after the first love. Shak. AFTERM.\TH. .\. second crop of grass. Var.dial. AFTER-S.AILS. The sails that belong to the main and mizen masts, and keep the ship to the w-ind. .AFTER-5ERNE. To long after. God grauntes us noghte ay that we for-pray, for he wille gyfe us better thenne we after-^erne, MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f.237. AFTIN'. Often. For as aftin tyme as thou scorgediste him with thi AG.V 29 AGA punysherncntes, for to make him to obeye to thi commaundmentes, he wolile never, but enLiine to ^P^ Gesta Ri'iminorum, }t. 12(). APTIRCASTE. A throw at tlice after the game is ended ; anything done too late. Thus ever he pk-yeth an a/lircasic Of allc that he schalle say or do. G«wer, MS. SiK. .tntiq. 134, f. 10!l. AFT-MEAL. A late meal. Indcedo, quoth he. I keepe an ordinary, Eightpencc a mcale who there doth sup or dyne; Aud dyse and cardes are but an accossarye; At ajt-mealca who shall paye for the wine .> Thyune's Di'bale, p. 49. AFTYR-PARTE. The behind side. Prompt. Pan. AFURE. On fire. He ssoc ys suerde and grunte, and myd such ernest smot. That the sprong out myd ech dunt of helmc so there. That yt thoite myd eeh dunt, as that heved afure „erc. R"l'- CItiuc. p. 308. AFURST. Thirsty. The two fonns a-fyngred and a-furst, according to Mr. Wright, appear to he characteristic of the dialect of the coun- ties in the West of England ; and a con- firmation of this conjecture occurs in MS. Lansd. 1033, f. 2, where the word furst is given as current in Wiltshire in that sense in 1697. Cf. Piers Ploughman, pp. 176, 283, 529; Kyng Horn, 1120; Afforst. A'furst hy were for werynesse: So sore that nas ende. ilS. CuU. Ti-iti. Oj-oii.57. AFURT. SuUcu. Ifest. AFVEU. Had. of G. will I now lef my tale. And of hys felaugh spek 1 sale. That south him al obout ; Of hym a/ml grct dout. Ou!/ »/ Warwick, MiddMiill MS. AFWORE. Before. Nurtk. AFYE. To trust. In thaym thu may the afyf. Gun of Wurwick, MiddMiill MS. Pors afyed in his striynthe, In his muchehed, and in his Icynthe. Kl/ng .■llUnunder, 73.''>1. AFYGHE. To trust. Who that hath trewe amye, Joliflich he may hym in her afi/ghe. Kytg AtiJiaunder, 47.''3. AFYGHTETH. Tames ; reduces to subjection. (^A.-N.) Delfyns they nymeth, and cokcdrill, And afiighiclh to heore wille, Kor to beore hcom to the flod. Kyng Aligaunder, fi583. AFYN. In fine ; in the end. {A.-N.) Cf. Boke of Curtasye, p. 21; Sevyn Sages, HOG; Maitland's Lambeth Books, p. 307; Gy of Warwikc, p. 334 ; Arthour and Merlin, pp. 3, 1-13; Emare, 913; Launfal, 313. On com- paring these examples, it seems we should oc- casionally read a fine, i. c. and fine. So, "wel a fine," well and fine. See A-fine. AO. To cut with a stroke. North. AGAAN. Against; again. North. A-GADE. In the following passage is explained hy Ellis " distracted," wliilc Weber reads a gade, a gadUng. And saide. Dame, thou art tt gade. That thou mourntst for the dt-d, That mai the do nother god ne qued. The Serpn Sagea, S638. AGADRED. Gathered. Skinner. AGAH. The ague. North. AGAIN. (1) Against ; near to. These senses of the word are not obsolete in the provinces. Whose lurdshyp doutles was slayni- lamintably Thorow treson, again him compaMed and wrought. Skttlan's Works, i. t;. (2) Towards. And praide hem for to riden agaiti thequene. The honour of his regne to sustene. Chaucrr. Cant. 2". 4811. Scho felle hir lorde one knees aijai/tie, And of his soiow scho ganne hym frayne. MS. l.incbi A. i. 17, f. !«. AGAINST. To ride against the king, or other noble person, signified to ride' to meet. The term is not unfrcquently used by early writers. See Fairholt's Hist, of Lord Mayors' PageauH, p. 6 ; Octavian, 1239. AGAINSTAND. To resist ; to oppose. With castelles strong and towrcs for the nones. At tchc myles ende, to agaijrmtand'' all the foonyse. Harrii/ng'M Chronicle, f. S3. AGAINST ANDANS. Withstanding ; resisting. For ttgaiiistandaua thi rigthand fleghe. Home thou me als shit of ln-ghe. MS. Bodl. 425, f. 1. AGAINTH. Against. North. A-GAME. In game. Chaucer. AGAN. Gone. The day hym was ful ne^ agun, .\nd come w;ut ncj the ni]!. MS. .-Uhtnole .33, f. 31'. AGAPE. On the gape. More Eok-nin than the tedious pomp that walls On piincts, when their rich retinue long Of horses led, and grooms besmear'd with gold. Dazzles the crowd, and sets them all agap'^. Paradise IjOKt, b. v. AGAR. An exclamation. See the Exmoor Courtship, p. 19. AGAKICK. The fungus on the larch. Sec Gerard, ed. Johnson, p. 1365. Minshen calls it "a white and soft mushroom." It is also the name of an Assyrian herb. Cf. TopseU's Hist, of Serpents, p. 46 ; Clerk's ed. of Withals, p. 113; Halle's Expostulation, p. 21. AGARIFIED. Having the ague. Suffolk. AGAS-DAY. Agatha's Day. See the Paston Lcllcrs, iv. 426, quoted in Ilanipsou's Med. Kali-udar. ii. 7. AGASEl). Astonished ; aghast. Shakespeare has the word in 1 Henry VI. i. 1. In this ciltye all aboute Was iu)n so stcarnc ney so stowte. That up hiked for greate douhte, The wen- so sore aga.,ed. Chester Plat/t, il. 8\ AGASPK. To gasp. Gallia, whom his galantys gnrdc for agaspe. Skrlton't Works, I. 274. AGAST. Frightened. North. He met a dwarfc. that seemed terrifydc With some late pcrlll whieh he hardly past, Or other accident which him agast. Faerie t^ueene. III. v. 3. AGE 30 AGG AGATE. (1) A-doing ; a-going. To " get agate" is to make a beginning of any work or thing ; to " be agate" is to be on the road, on the way, approaching towards the end. See Hunter's Hallamshire Glossan-, in t. Cotgrave has the expressions " to set the bells a-gate" and " to set a wheelbarrow a-gate " See his Diet, in V. Brimbaler, Broweter, and the old play called Lingua, iii. 6. (2) Used metaphorically for a very diminutive person, in allusion to the small tigures cut in agate for rings. See Nares, in v. AGATE-WARDS. To go agate-wards with any one, is to accompany him part of his way home, and was formerly the last office of hospitality tow,irds a guest, frequently necessary even now for guidance and protection in some parts of the country. In Lincolnshire it is pronounced agatehouse, and in the North generally agaterds. AGATHA. In alittle tract by Bishop Pilkington called " The Burnvnge of Paules Church," 8vo. Lond. 1563, sig. G. i, " St. Agatha's Let- ters" are mentioned as a charm for houses on fire. Cf. Becon's Works, 1843, p. 139. AG.\THRID. Gathered. With the griffon come foulis fele, Ravins, rokis, crowig, and pie, .^nd graie foulis, agathrid wele. Chauceft ;d, Vijy, p. 1H8. AG.VYNBYER. The Redeemer. Prompt. Pan. AGAYNE-COMMYXGE. Return. For wha so ever tuumez one the rijte hande, he salle fynde many obstaclez and grevancez that salle peraventure lett his agayne commi/nge. .VS. Lincoln A. i. 17. f. 40. .\G.\YNE-ST.\NDE. To resist ; to oppose. For no resone ne lawe of lande. May Doghte ther agayne-etande. its. Lincoln A. i. 17. f. 12". .\GAY'NS.\Y'. Contradiction. Also, a verb, as in the follomng example. To which Rogjers d,iughter called Anne, my most derest and welbeloved mother, I am the very trcw and liiifKll heyre, whiche discent all you cannot justely acaintsay, nor yet truly deny. Hall, Hemy VL f.96. AGAYNSAY'i'NG. Contradiction. They grauntyd hym hyi askyng Withouten more agatmsayyng Richard Coer de Lion, 600. AG.\Y\WARDE. On the contrary; on the other hand. Reken agaynwarde how the^pe princes three Were full ungoodly quit by thecomont^. Bocfifts, b. V. c. 19. AGE. To advance in years. " My daam age.oMo, whare als he aghteled to hafe made sacrilice, and hafe hadd ansuere of that godd of certane thyngcs that he walde hafe aschede. .V.V. Line. A. 1. 17, f. 11. For ur Lord had aghteld yete, A ehild to rais of liis oxsprlng. MS. Cott. I'egpas. A. iii. f. 8. AGHTEXE. Eight. Thes are the aghtene vices to Itnowe, In which men falleth that are slowe. .V.V. Bodl. 48, f. 140. AGILER. A spy. This is Skinner's explana- tion of the word, hut it is probably founded on a mistalcen reading in one of Chaucer's ballads. AGILITE. Agile. If it be, as I have sayd, moderately taiven after some weightie busincssc, to make one more freshe and tigilile to prosecute his good and godly aOaires, and lawfull businesse, 1 saye to you againe, he mayc lawfullye doe it. Northbrooke'a Treatise against Dicing, p. 53 .VGILT. Offended. Cf. Arch. x.vi. 72. (_A..S.) Ve wite wel that TirrI that is here Hath agitt the douk Loere. Gy of Warwikff, p. 202. He agitte her nere in othir case, Lo here all wholly his trespase. Rum. of the Rote, 5833. AGIN. (1) As if. Yoris/t. (2) Against. East. (3) Again. Var. dial. (4) To begin. See .tgi/nne. The child was don the prisoun In : The maister his tale he gan agin. T/te AVi'jm Saga, 1410. AGIPE. A coat full of plaits. Coles. AGISTMENT. (1) The feeding of cattle in a common ])asture, for a stipulated price. The agistment of a horse for the summer cost 3s. ■Irf. in 1531. See the Finchale Charters, p. 417. (2) An embankment ; earth heaped up. In marshy cotintics, where the tenants are bound to make and keep up a certain portion of dyke, bank, or dam, in order to fence out a stream, such bank is called an agistment. AGITABLE. EasUy agitated. Suche is the mutacyon of the common people, lylte a rede wyth every wind is agitable and flexible. Hall, Edtiiard IV. f. 23. A-GLEED. Started up. When the body ded ryse, a grymly goat a-gleett. Li/ilgnte'a Minor Poemg, p. 11(1. AGLEIl. A needle-ease. It is the transl.ition of acuar in MS. Lansd. 5C0, f. 45, a list of words written in Lancashire in the liftcenth centurj'. AGLET. The tag of a lace, or of the iioints for- merly used in dress, and which was often cut into the shape of little images. ,\ little plate of any metal was called an aglet. Cf. Coventry Mysteries, p. 241; Spanish Tragedy, iv. 4; Cunningham's Revels .\ccounts, p. 42 ; Barct's Alvearie, in v. Mr. Way tells us the wonl pro- jicrly denotes the tag, hut is often used to sig- nifj- the lace to which it was attached. Sic AGO 32 AGR Prompt. Parv. p. 8. Mr. Hartshome, Salop. Antiq. p. 303, says, " a spangle, the gold or silver tinsel ornamenting the dress of a show- man or rope dancer." AGLET-BABY. A diminutive being, not exceed- ing in size the tag of a point. See Taming of the Shrew, i. 2. AGLETS. The catkins of the hazel are called aglets in Gerard's Herbal, ed. Johnson, p. 1439. kersey gives them the more generic interpre- tation of ant/ierip. See Higins' Nomenclator, p. 142. AGLOTYE. To glut; to satisfy. To maken with papelotes To Qglotye with here gurles That greden aftur fode. Piers Ploughman, p. 529. AGLUTTYD. Choked. And whan she is waking, she assayeth to put over at thentring, and it is agtutlfjA and kelyd wyth the glette that she hath engendered. Book of St. Alban», sig. C. ii. AGLYTTE. Frightened. As he stode so sore aglyfte, Hys ryjt hand up he lyfte. MS. Harl. 1701. f. 24. AGNAIL. A hang-nail, either on the finger or toe. Palsgrave has " agnayle upon one's too." Cf. Cotgrave, in v. Agassin; Florio, in v. Ghiandole; Minsheu, in v. In MS. Med. Line. f. 300, is a receipt " for agnayls one mans fete or womans." {A.-S.) AGNATION. Kindred by the father's side. Minsheu. AGNES-DAY. On the eve of St. Agnes many divinations were practised by maids to discover their future husbands, .\ubrey, p. 136, directs that " on St. Agues's night take a row of pins, and pull out every one, one after another, sajing a paternoster, sticking a pin in yoiir sleeve, and you will dream of him or her you shall marry." And on sweet St. Anna's night, Feed them with a promised sight ; Some of husbands, some of lovers, Which an empty dream discovers. Bpn JonS' And of his hauberk agore. And of his aketoun a fot and more. Arthour and Merlin, p. 237- A-GOTH. Passes away. Be the lef. other be the loth. This worldes wele al a-goth. Reliq. Antiq, i. 160. AGRADE. To be pleased with. See Florio, in V. iiradire. AGRAMEDE. Angered. {A.-S.) Lybeauus was sore aschan'ed. And yn hys herte agramede. For he hadde y-lore hys sworde. Lybeaus Disconus, 1916. AGRASTE. Showed grace and favour. Spenser. AGRAUNTE. Satiated with. (J.-X.) Thoghe every day a man hyt haunte, 3yt wyl no man be hyt agraunte. MS. Bodl. 415. AGRAYDE. To dress, to decorate. Thyn halle agraude, and hele the walles With clodes, and wyth ryche pallet. Latinfal, IKW. AGR-VZING. " To send agrazing," seems to be a phrase applied to the dismissal of a sen-ant. See Cotgrave, in v. Envoyer. AGRK. (1) In good part; kindly. {A.-N.) Whom I nc founde froward, ne fell, But toke agr^ all whole my plaie. Rom, of the Rose, 434f. (2) Kind. {A.~N.) Be mercyfulle, agr^, take parte, and sumwhat parrioone, Disdeyne nott to help us, kepe you frome disccncioune. MS. Harl. 75'2ti, f. Xk AGR 33 Some editions read angre in the AGU (3) To please following passage : If harme agre me, wherto plaine I thenne. Troitus and Creseide, i. 410. AGREABILITE. Easiness of temper; equa- nimity. See Urr>''s Chaucer, p. 369. AGKEAGE. To aUege. Neither dyd 1 ever put in question yf I BhouWe doe you right, as you appearc to ngreage, but onlye what was the ordynarye judgement. Kgertun Papers, p. 226. AGREAT. Altogether. To talte a work aijreat, is to take the whole work altogether at a price. See Baret's Alvearie, and Blount's Glosso- graphia, in v. AGREEABLE. Assenting to any proposal. Var. dial. AGREEABLY. In an uniform manner ; perfectly alike. At last he met two knights to him unknowne. The which were armed both agreeably. Faerie Queene, VI. vii. 3. A-GREF. In grief. Cf. Rom. of the Rose, 7573. He dasscheth forth overward, Theo otlires comcn afterward : He soughtL- his knyghtis in raeschef. He tok hit in heorte a-gref. Kt/ng Alisaundert 3785. And, nece mine, ne take it nat a-grcfe. Troiltu and Creseide, lii. 8C4. Madame, takes not a-gieve A thyng that y yow say. Sir Degremnt, 467. AGREG. To augment; to aggravate. And some tonges venemous of nature. Whan they perceyve that a prince is meved. To agree hys yre do their busy cure. Bochae, b. iii. c. 20. Of ravyne and of sacrilege, Whiche maketh the conscience agregge. G Dcil nnd birltl In the clay: Hii air was Sir Gioun. Gy of Warwike, p. 267. (3) Appearance. ** The air of one's face. Sym- metria qucedam lineament orum vulltta.'* — Skin- ner. (4) Previously ; before. See Are. AIRE. An aerie of hawks. Miege. IIowcU terms a well-conditioned hawk, " one of a good aire," AIKEN. Eggrs. Anoiher folk thtre is next, as fiogf^cs crepeth ; After crabben and aireit hy ^kippcn and lepelh. Kyug AlUaundfTt 4943. 35 AIX AIRLING. A light airy person ; a coxcomb. Some more there tie, slight aiflingi, will be won With dogs and horses. Jouton's Coiitine, L S. AIRMS. Arms. North. AIRN. (1) Iron. Burns uses this word, and it also occtirs in Maundevile's Travels. See Glos- sary, in V. (2) To earn. Wilts. AIRT. A point of the compass. North. AIRTH. Afraid. North. AIRTHFUL. Fearful. North. AIRY. An aiery ; an eagle's nest. See this form of the word in Massinger's Maid of Honour, i. 2. It is also used for the brood of young in the nest. AIS. Ease. Whanne the gestps weren at ais. Thai wenten hom fram his paieis. The Sav^n Saget, 1869. AISE. Axweed. Siinner. AISII. Stubble. Hants. AISIELICHE. EasUy. And to the contreye that je beoz of Seththe je schuUen i-wende, Wilhoute travail al uisirlicfie, Andthareowrelifende. MS. Laud. 108, f. UHi. AISILYHE. Vinegar. And in mi mete thai gaf galle tole, And mi thrist with aisilvhe drank thai me. MS. Bodl. 435, f 3S. AISLICHE. Fearfully. (,A.-S.) There 1 auntrede me in. And aisliche I seyde. Piw* Pleughman, p. 471* AISNECI.\. Primogeniture. Skinner. AIST. Thou wilt. Line. AISTRE. A house. This word is in common use in Staft'ordshire, Shropshire, and some other counties, for the fire-place, the back of the fire, or the fire itself: but formerly it was used to denote the house, or some particular part of the bouse, chambers, or apartments. .\1SYLL. Vinegar. Minsheu. .\IT. A little island in a river where osiers grow. See the Times, Aug. 20, 1844, p. 6. AITCH. An ach,or pain ; a paroxysm in an in- termitting disorder. Var. dial. See a note on this pronunciation of ache iu Boswell'd Malone, vii. 99. AITCII-UONE. The edge-bone. Var. dial. .\ITC110RNING. Acorning; gathering acorns. Ctiesh. AITII. An oath. North. AITHE. Swearing. {A.-S.) Pride, wrathe, and giotonie, Aitkc, steuthe, and lecherle. Arthour and Merlin, p. 31. AITIIER. (1) Either. North. Some of the provincial glossaries explain it, also, each. Cheae on aither hand. Whether (he Irvcr ware Sink ur stiile stande. Sir Tri*trfm,p, \H, A ploughing. North. (2) AI-TO. Always. So exjilained in the glosMiy to the Aiiology for LoUard Doctrines, attri- hutcd to \Vickiifl"e, in v. AITS. Oats. North. AIXES. An ague. North, AKE AIYAH. The fat about the kidney of veal or mutton. Suffolk. AJAX Pronounced with the second syllaljle long A silly quibble between this word and a jaifs was not uncommon among Elizabethan •writers ; and Shakespeare alludes to "in this way in Love's Labours Lost, v. 2. Sir John Harrington was the principal mover in ttas joke. See an apposite quotation m Douce s Illustrations, i. 245. AJEE. Awry ; uneven ; Var. dial. AJORNED. Adjourned. He ajom^i tham to relie In the North at Cailele^ langloffa Chronicle, p. StO. AJUGGEDE. Judged. The gentileste jowelle, a-juggede with lordes, Fro Geene unto Gerone, by Jhesu of hevene. ilorte Arthure, MS. Lincoln, f. 62. AJUST. To adjust. • , „„h For whan tyme is, I shal move and a-just soch thinges that perccn hem ful depe. Urrs's Chtmcer, p. 367. AK. But. (J.-S.) Ak loke that we never more Hego sette in trew lore. Wnghes Pol. Songs, p. 2U. AKALE. Cold. {A.-S.) See Jcale. That night he sat wel sore akale. And his wif lai warme a-bedde. Sev!/n Sages, 1512. AKAKD. Awkward. North. AKCORN. An acorn. Cf. Florio, in v. Acilone ; Urry's Chaucer, p. 364, spelt akehome. {A.-S.) He clambe hye upon a tree. And ahcurns for huneur ete he. MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 131. AKE. An oak. Aie-aj>pilles are mentioned in MS. Lincoln. Med. f. 285. Tak everfeme that grewes on the a*», and Uk , the totes In Avercll, and wasche hit wele. Reliq. Antiq. i. 52. It was dole to see Sir Eglamour undir ane ake, TUle on the mome that he gunne wake. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17. f- IW- AKEDOUN. The acton, q. v. Through bmnny and scheld, to the akedoun, He to-barst atwo his tronchon. Ki/ng Atiaaunder, 2153. AKELDE. Cooled. {A.-S.) The kyno hyre fader was old man, and drou to feblesse, [destresse, And the anguysse of hys do;ter hj-m dude mote And akelde hym wel the more, so that feble he was. Rob. Glouc. p. 442. AKELE. To cool. {.4.-S.) And tau;te, yf love be to hot, lu what maner it schulde akele. Cower, MS. Soc. Antiq. 131, f- 120, Nym jeme that the fury coles Moche a-keleth me. And sholle into the stronge pyne Of helle brynge the. MS. Coll. Trin. Oion. 57. AKENNYNGE. Reconnoitring ; discovering. {A.-S.) At the othir side akenns/nge. They sygh Darie the kyng. K^ng Atisaundcr, 3468. 36 AKN AKER. (1) Sir F. Madden, glossary to Syr Gawayne, conjectures this to be an error, for uch a, each, everv. See p. 53. Its meaning seems rather to be either. It may be an error for aither, or other. (2) The expression " halseaker" occurs m Gam- mer Gurton's Needle, i. 2, but is conjectured to be an error for " halse anker," or halse anchor. The halse, or halser, was a particular kind of cable. (3) An acre ; a field; a measure of length. The Frenschemen thai made recuUe Wel an akers lengthc. MS. Ashmole 33, f. 13. .\KER-LOND. Cultivated land, (flu/.) In thilke time, in al this londc. On aker-lond ther nes y-founde. Otron. of England, 16. AKER-MAN. A husbandman. See the Nomen- elator, 1585, p. 513 ; and Florio, in v. Aratnre. Ake akcr-men weren in the feld. That wereu of him i-war. MS Laud. 108, t. ICS. VKETHER. Indeed. Devon. In the Exnioor Scolding, p. 4, we are told it means, " quoth he, or quoth her." AKE\T;RED. Recovered. Sche akevered parmafay. And was y-led in liter. Arthour and Merlin, 8ooO. AKEW'ARD. Wrongly. Thus use men a newe gette. And this world akeward sette. MS. Ashmole 41, f. 18. AKNAWE. On knees ; kneehng. And made mony knyght aktmut. On medewe, in feld, ded bylaue. Kyng .4li*aundt^, 3540. A-KNAWE. To know ; to acknowledge ; known ; acknowledged. Bot ;lf y do hir it ben a-knawe. With wild hoc do me todrawe. Arthour and Merlin, p. 42. And seyd, Thef. thou schalt be slawe, Bot thou wilt be the sothe aknawe. Where thou the coupe fond '■ Amis and .4miloun, 2099. For Jhesu love, y pray the. That died on the rode tre, Tlii light name be aknawe. Gy of Wartvike, p. 335. AKN.WVENE. Known. Bot we beseke ;nw latez us gaa, and we schalle mak aknawerie untille hym jour grete glory, ;our ryaltee and jour noblaye. MS. Lincoln, (. 8. AKNEN. On knees. Tho Athelbrus astounde, Fel aknen to gxounde. Ksing Horn, 340. Sire Eustas sat adoun akne ; Loverd, he sede, thin ore. MS. Ashmole 43, f. i/?. A-KNEWTIS. On knees. To-forn him a-knewes sche fel. Arthour and Merlin, p. 88. AKNOWE. Conscious of. Used with the auxi- Uary verb, it appears to signifv', to acknow- ledge. Cf. Gloss, to Urry -, Se\-yn Sages. 1054 ; Courte of Love, 1190 ; Prompt. Pan'- p. 280 ; Suppl. to Hardyng, f. 7 ; Seven Pen. Psalms, ALA p 22- Gesta Romanorum, pp. 326, 360, 361, 363; MS. Asliinole59, f. 130. And he wole in hys laste throwe, Sorow tor hys .ynne. and be f h»tf -""■ MS. Cantab. Ff. U. 38, f. 35. Be than aknowen to me openly. And hide It noujt, and I the "" "='7™- Bxdut, MS. Soc. AnUq. 134, f. 287. I and my wlf are Ihync owen. That are we wel aknowen. Cursor Mundi. MS. C«U. THn. Cantab, t. 20. A-KNOWE. On knee. Cf. K. Alis. 3279. A-knou-s he sat, and seyd, mercl. Mine owen swerd talie, belaml. Jrlhour and Merltn, p. 358. AKSIS. The ague. I lekyn uche a synful soule to a seke m.in. That is y-schakyd and schent with the aksi.,. Auddai/t Poems, p. 47- AKSKED. Asked. And afterwardes the same Prate aksked me what newes I hade harde of Kynge Edward, and an- swered hyme, none at all. Archaolo^a, xslii. 23. AKTR. An acorn. , , , e The bores fedyng is propreUche y-cleped ak.rot ookys berynge and bukmast. MS. Bod/. 546. AL Wm. Yorksfi. In the North, we have the elhptical form a I, for / will, and in other coun- ties the same for he will. ALAAN. Alone. North. ^.^—^-^ the alann And thy Troyanes, to have and cnhabite. Hardt/ng's Chronicle, I. 14. ALABLASTER. (1) A corrupt pronunciation of a/aAng, Al that spac with Duche tung. Minot*8 Poems, p. 8. (2) Hold. Thof I west to be slayn, I sal never aid te ogayn. Gus/ of IVanifck, Middlehill MS. Curatus resident thai schul be. And aid houshold oponly. Audelay's Poems, p. 33. ALDAY. Always. (Dan.) They can afforce them alday, men may see. By singuler fredome and domtuacion. Bochaa, b. i. C 20. ALDER. (1) The older. Thus when the alder hir gan forsake, The yonger toke hir to his make. Set-n. Lydgat^a Minor Poems, p. 11. ALDERKAR. A moist hogg}' place where alders, or trees of that kind grow. See Promjit. Parv. pp. 9, 272. In the former place it is explained locus ubi alni et tales arborea crescunt. ALDER-LAST. Last of all. And alder-last, how lie in hiscltee Was by the Sonne slayne of Tholom^. Rarhas, b. v. c. 4. ALDER-LEEFER. Instances of this compound in the comparative degree are ver)' unusual. An alder-lee/fr swaine I weene, In the barge there was not seene. Cottier of Cunterburie, 1G08, 8ig. E. ii. ALDER-LEST. Least of all. Love, ayenst the whiche who so defendith Himselvln moste, him aldirlest availeth. Tri'ilus imd Creseide, i. (H)5. ALDER-LIEFEST. Dearest of all. This com- pound was occasionally used by Elizabethan writers. See Collier's Annals of the Stage. i. 262 ; 2 Henry VL i. 1 ; Troilus and Creseide, iii. 240. ALDERLIN'GS. A kind of fish, mentioned in Muffet's Treatise on Food, p. 175, and saidby bim to be betwixt a trout and a gravling. ALDEK-LOWEST. Lowest of all. See a glo^^ in MS. Egerton 829, f. 23, and Reliq.Antic). i. 7. ALDERMANRY. "The government of Stamford was long before their written charter, held and used amongst theiuselves by an ancient ])re- scription, which was called the Aldermanry of the guild." — liiifc/ier's Stamford, 1717, p. 15. ALDERMEN. Men of rank. Knyjtes and sqwyers ther schul be. And other aldermen, as ;e schul se. Con^t, of Masonry, 414. ALDER-MEST. Greatest of aU. Cf. Arthour and Merlin, p. 83 ; Legendie CathoUcffi, pp. 170, 252. But aldirmost In honour out of doute, Thei had a relicke hight Palladlon. Troilus and Creseide, i. ISi. ALDERNE. The elder tree. Goats arc said to love alderne, in Topsell's Hist, of Foure-footcd Beasts, p. 2(0. ALDER-TRUEST. Tniest of aU. First, English king, 1 humbly do request. That by your nitana our prinecss may unite Her love unto mine aldertrueat love. Greene's Wvrks, U. IMt. ALDER-WERST. Worst of all. \c don OU8 aldenvertt to spede. When that we han mest nede. Gy of Waruike, p. 188. ALDER-WISIST. The wisest of all. Ami truiliche It sitte well to t>c lo. l-'iir aldinciaikt han therwith ben plescd. Troilut and Cretaide, \. fi47> ALDES. Holds. For wham myn hcrt It in hampered and aides %o nobul. W n. and the Weruolft p. 17. ALDO. Although. Eattt. ALE 40 ALE ALDREN. Elders. Thus ferden oure aldren bi Noees dawe, Of mete and of drinke hi fulden here mawe. MS. Bodl. 632, f. 1. ALDRIAN. A star on the neck of the hon. Phebus hath left the angle meridional. And yet ascending was the btste real. The gentil Lion, with his .-lUiri tn, Chamer, Cant. T. 10579. ALDYN. Holden; indebted. Meche be je nW.i/n to the pore. MS. Dnuce 302, f. 20. ALE. (1) A rural festival. Sre Ate-fea.it. And all the neighbourhood, from old records Of antique proverbs, draun from Whitsun lords. And their authorities at walies and ales. Ben Jonson'8 Tate of a Tub, prot. (2) An ale-house. This is an unusual meaning of the word. See Two Gent, of Verona, ii. 5 ; Greene's Works, i. 116; Dais's York Records, ]). 140 ; Lord Cromwell, iii. 1 ; Piers Plough- man, p. 101. When the! have wroght an oure ore two, Anone to the ale thei wylle go. MS. Ashmole 61, f. 25. (3) The meaning of the words deer and ale aie the reverse in different coimties. Sir R. Baker's verses on hops and heer are clearly erroneous, ale and heer ha\Tiig been known in England at a very early period, although hops were a later introduction. See Warner's Antiq. Culin. p. 27. SirThopas,h 13801, swears "on ale and bred,'' though this oath may be intended in ridicule. Ale was formerly made of wheat, barley, and honey. See Index to iladox's Exchequer, in v. (4.) All. And lafft it with hem in memore. And to ale other pristis truly. Audelay's Poems, p. 69. ALEBERRY. A beverage made hy boiling ale with spice and sugar, and sops of bread. It appears from Palsgrave to have been given to invalids. They would taste nothing, no not so much as a poor aleberry, for the comfort of their heart. Becon's Works, p. 373. ALECCIOUN. An election. And seyd, made is this alecci»tin. The king of heven hath chosen jou on. Legen'- making, at which ale appears to have been the predomi- nant Uquor. See an enumeration of them in Harrison's Desc. of England, p. 138 ; Brand's Pop. Antiq. i. 138-9, and the account of the U hit sun -ale, in v. A merr\' meeting at which ale was generally dnmk, often took place after the representation of an old mystery, as in a curious prologue to one of the fifteenth century in MS. Tanner 407, f. 44. ALE FT. Lifted. Ac tho thai come thider eft. Her werk was al up aleft. Jrthuur and Merlin, p. 22. A-LEFT. On the left. For a-lefc half and a right. He leyd on and slough down-right. Ai-thour and Merlin, p. 182. .ALEGAR. Ale or beer which has passed through the acetous fermentation, and is used in the North as a cheap substitute for "vinegar. It is an old word. See the Forme of Cury, p. 56. ALEGE. To alleviate. (^.-A'.) But if thci have some privilege. That of the paine hem woll alege, Rom. of the Rotet 6626. ALEGEANCE. Alleviation. {A.-N.) ''AUegyance, or softynge of dysese, alleviacioJ'*— Prompt. Part. p. 9. Cf. Chaucer's Dreame, 1688. The twelfed artecle es enoyntynge, that mene enoyntes the seke in perelle of dede for alegeance of body and saule. MS. Lincoln, A. i. 17, f. 202. ALEGGEN. To allege. (J.-N.) See Piers Ploughman, p. 207; Flor. and Blanch. 692; Gesta Romanornm, p. 48 ; Rob. Glouc. p. 422. Thus endis Kyng Arthurc, as auctors aleggcM That was of Ectores blude. the kynge sone of Troye. MS. Lincoln, A. i. 17. f- 98. ALEGGYD. Alleviated. See Alege. Peraventure je may be aleggyd. And sun of joure sorow abreggyd. MS. Harl. 1701, f. 12. ALEHOOFE. Ground ivy. According to Gerard, it was used in the making of ale. See Prompt. Parv. p. 250. ALE 41 ALE ALEICHE. Alike; equally. Laye fourth iche man aleiche What he hath iefte of his livereye. Chester Plays, i. 122. ALEIDE. Abolished ; put dowii. Thes among the i>ui>!e he put to the reaume, Ateide alle luther lawes that long hadde ben used. Will, and the Werwolf, p. 188. Do nom also ich have the seid, And alle thre sulen ben aleiii. MS. Digbt/ftGyf. 12fi. ALE-IN-CORNES. New ale. See Huloet's Abcedariuin, 1552, in v. I will make the drincke worse than good ale in the ciirnes. Thersytes, p. 5G. ALEIS. (1) Alas! North. (2) Aloes. Cherise, of whiche many one faine is, Notis, and aleis, and bolas. Rom. of the Rose, 1377. (3) Alleys. Alle the dleis were made playne with sond. MS. Harl. 116, f. 14?. ALEIVED. Alleviated ; relieved. Surrey. ALEKNIGHT. A frequenter of alehouses. See Cotgrave, in v. Beste ; Florio, in v. Beotie ; liaret's Alvearie, in v. Ale ; Harrison's Descr. of Engl. p. 170. ALEMAYNE. Germany. Upon the londe of Alemayne. Cower, ed. 1532, f. 145. ALENDE. Landed. At what haven thai alende, Ase tit agen hem we schoUe wende With hers an armes brightc. Rcmbrnn, p. 428. ALENGE. Grievous. Now arn I out of this daunger so alenge. Wherefore I am gladde it for to persever. Complaj/nte of them that ben to late Maryed, ALEOND. By land. Wanie thow every porte tliatt noo schyppis a-ryve. Nor also alennd stranger throR my realine pas, But the for there tru.ige do pay markis fyve. Sharii's Cov. Mijst. p. 9S. ALE-POLE. An ale-stake, q. v. Another brouRlit her bepyd perfay. With a mauntelie of herinyn, Covcrid was with Alexandryn. MS. Raul. C. 86, f. 121. ALEXCION. Election. Be alercion of the lordyn free, The crlc tokc they thoo. Krle of Tolout, 120S. 3* ALG 42 ALl ALBYD. L^d down. See Aleide. Do nou ase Ichave the seyd, Ant alle thre shule ben aleyd With huere foule crokes. Wrighfa Lyric Poetry, p. 105 For al love, leman, sche seyd, Lete now that wille be douu aleyd. Legenda: Calholictr, p. 230. ALEYE. An alley. (A.-N.) An homicide therto ban they hired That in an aieye had a privee place. Chaucer, Cant. T. 13498. ALEYN. Aione. My lemman and I went forth aleyn. Guy 0/ Warwick, MiddlehUI MS. ALEYNE. (1) To alienate. In case they dyde eyther selle or aleyne the same or ony parte therof, that the same Edwarde shuKie have yt before any other man. Wright's .Monastic Letters, p. 86. (2) Laid down. So explained in Urry's MS. collections. ALF. (1) Half; part; side. The Brutons to heipe her alf, vaste aboute were. Rob. Oloue. p. 212. (3) An elf ; a de^-il. With his teth he cou hit tug, And atfe Rofyn begon to rug. MS. Douce 302, f. 11. ALFAREZ. An ensign. {Span.) The term is used by Ben Jonson, and Beaumont and Fletcher. According to Nares, who refers to MS. Harl. 6804, the word was in use in our army during the civil wars of Charles I. It was also written ntferes. ALFEY'NLY'. SlotliifuUv ; sluggishly. Prompt. Parv. ALFRIDARIA. A term in the old judicial as- trology, explained by Kersey to be " a tempo- rary power which the planets have over the life of a person." I'll find the cusp and al/ridaria. And know what planet is In cazimi. Albumazar, ii. 5. ALFTO. (1) Sospeltby Palsgrave, f. 17, and also by Caxton, b>it see Aufyn. The alf>ii was the bishop at chess. Is alfyns in Rehq. ^Vntiq. i. 83, a mistake for alkyns ? (2) A lubberly fellow ; a sluggard. Now certez, sais syr Wawayne, inyche wondyre have I That syche an alfyne as thow dare speke syche wordez. Morte Arthure, MS. Linculn, f. 67. ALG.\ROT. A chemical preparation, made of butter of antimony, diluted in a large quantity of warm water, till it turn to a white powder. Phil/ips. ALGATES. Always ; all manner of ways ; how- ever ; at all events. Still in use in the North. It is, as Skinner observes, a compound of all and gates, or ways. (.-l.-S.) Tooke's etymo- logy is wholly inadmissible. Cf Diversions of Purley, p.' 94; Chaucer, Cant. T. 7013; Thynne's Debate, p. 36. These were ther uchon algate, To ordeyne for these masonus astate. Constitutions of Masonry, p. 15. ALGE. Altogether. (A.-S.) Sche muste thenne alge fayle To geten him whan he were deed. Cower, MS. Sue. Antiq. 134, f. 148. .\LGERE. A spear used in fisliing. It is the translation of fuscina in the Canterbury MS. of the Medulla. See a note in Prompt. Parv. p. 186. ALGIFE. .^though. Eche man may sorow in his inward thought This lordes death, whose pere is hard to fynd, Alipfe Englond and Fraunce were thorow saiighl. Skeltoti's Worlct, i. 13. AXGRADE. A kind of Spanish vAne. Both algrade, and respice eke. Squyr of Lntve Degrt, 756. Osay, and algarde, and other y-newc. Morte Arthure, MS. Lincoln, f. 55. ^VLGRIM. Arithmetic. The name of this craft is in Latyn algorsimus, and in Englis n/^rfm ; and it is namid off Algos, that is to say, craft, and rismus, that is, nounbre; and for this skille it is called craft of nounbringe. MS. Cantab. LI. iv. 14. ALGUS. A philosopher frequently mentioned by early -writers, as the inventor of Algorism, According to MS. Ilai'l. 3742, he was king of Castile. Cf. MS. Arundel 332, f. 68. ALHAFTE. See a list of articles in the Brit. Bibl. ii. 397. AL-HAL-DAY. AU-hallowsday,Nov. 1st. Gaw. ALHALWE-MESSE. All-hallows. The moneth of NoTembre, after .Hhalwemesse, That wele is to remembre, com kyng William alle fresse, Peter Larigtoft, p. 145. ALHALWEN-TYD. The feast of AU-haUows. Men shiille fynde but fewe roo-bukkys whan that they be passed two jeer that thei ne have mewed hure heedys by AlhaUventyd. M.S. BuOt. 546. ALHID.ADE. A rule on the back of the astro- labe, to measure heights, breadths, and depths. See Blount's Glossographia, p. 18 ; Cotgrave, in V. Alidade. ALHOLDE. " Alholde, or Gobelyn" is mentioned in an extract from the Dialogue of Dives and Pauper, in Brand's Pop. Antiq. i. 3. AL-HOLLY. Entirely. 1 have him told al holly min estat. Chaucer, Cant. T. 7678. ALHONE. Alone. Alhone to the putte he hede. Reliq. Antiq. ii. 2/8. ALIANT. An alien. Rider. ALIBER. Bacchus ; Mber pater. Aliber, the god of wyne. And Hercules of kynne thyne. Kyng Alieaunder, 2849. ALIC.\NT. A Spanish wine made at Alicant, in the province of Valencia. It is differently spelt by our old writers. See Tymon, ed. Dyce, p. 39 ; Higins" Jmiius, p. 91. whan he had dronke ataunte Both of Teynt and of wyne .-ilicnunt. Till he was drounke as any swyne. MS. Rawt. C. 86. ALIED. Anointed. He tok that blode that was so bright, .\nd alied that gentil knight. Amis and .imiioun, 2330. .VLIEN. To alienate. Nares. ALK 43 ALL ALIEN-PRIORY. A prior)- which was suhordi- nate to a foreign mouasterj'. See Britton's Arch. Diet, in v. Priory. A-LIFE. As my life ; excessively. See Win- ter's Tale, iv. 3 ; Beaumont and Fletcher, iv. 55, 235, 309, 351. ALIFED. Allowed. Skinner. ALIGHT. (1) Lighted; pitched. Opon lir Cy, that gentil kuight, Y-wis mi love is alle alight. Gil 0/ Warwike, p. 270. (2) To light ; to kindle. Surrey. ALINLAZ. An anlace. Or alinlaz, and god long knif. That als he lovede leme or lif. Havclok, 2654. ALIRY. Across. {A.-S.) MS. Rawl. Poet. 137, and MS. Douce 323, read alery ; MS. Douce 104 has olery; and MS. Rawl. Poet. 38 reads alyry. Somme leide hir legges alityt As swiche loscls konneth. And made hir mone to Piers, And preide hym of grace. Piers Ploughman, p. 124. ALISANDRE. Alexandria. Cf. Ellis's Met. Rom. ii. 36. At Alisandre he was whan it was wonne. Chaucer, Cant. T.5\. ALISAUNDRE. The herb ale.vander, q. v. With altsaundre thare-to, ache ant anys. Wrig?iei Lyric Pattry, p. 26. ALI3T. Ahghteil ; descended. And deyde two hondred ^er. And two and tliretty rijt. After that ourc swete Lord In his moJer a(i;(. MS. Coll, Trin. Oxon. 57. ALKAKENGY. The periscaria. See Prompt. Par\'. p. 10; Iligins's Junius, p. 125. ALKANET. The wild buglos. See the account of it in Gerard's llerball, ed. Johnson, p. 799. It is also mentioned in an ancient receipt in the Forme of Cuit, p. 29, as used for co- louring. ALK AN I. Tin. HmveU. ALKE. Ilk ; each. Now, sirris, for your curtesy, Take this for no vilany. But atki; man crye 50W . . . The Feest, xvi. ALKENAMYE. Alchemy. {A.-N.) Yet ar thcr fibicches In forccrcs Of fele mcnnes makyng, Experimentz of alUenumye The pei>le to decey ve. Piera Ploughman, p. 180. ALKERE. In tlie Forme of Cury, p. 120, is given a receipt " for to make rys alkere." ALKES. Elks. As for the plowing with urcs, wlilcli t ruppoae to be unlikelie, because they are in mine opinion untame- able, and atkca, a thing commonlie used in the east countries. Harriaon^i Descr. of England, p. 226. ALKIN. All kinds. Dr;iROuns and altitn depencs, Fire, hail, snawcis. MS. Dodl. 425, f. 92. For to destroy flesiy delitc. And alkina lust of lichcry. MS. Hail 4196, f. 102. ALKITOTLE. See Alcatote. ALKONE. Each one. Then Robyn goes to Notyngham, Hymstlfe mornyng allone. And litulle Johne to mery Scherewode, The pathes he knew alkone. MS. Cantab. ?(. v. 48, f. 196. ALKYMISTRE. An alchemist. And whan this alkymistre saw his time, Riseth up, sire preest, quod he, and slondcth by me. Chaucer, Cant. T. USBJi ALL. (1) Although. All tell 1 not as now his observances. Chaucer, Canl. T. 2266. (2) Entirely. Far. dial. Spenser has it in the sense of exactly. (3) " For all," m spite of. Var dial. " I'll do it for all you say to the contrary." (4) "All that," imtil that. So explained by Weber, in gloss to Kyng Alisaimder, 2145. (5) " For good and all," entirely. Nor/h. And shipping oars, to work they fall. Like men that TOvi'd for good and all. Colton'3 IVorkSj ed. !;:)4, p. 127. (6) Each. Prompt. Parv. ALL-A-BITS. All in pieces. Nortfi. Al.L-ABOUT. " To get all about in one's head," to become light-headed, llerefordxh. We have also " that's all about it," i. e. that is the whole of the matter. ALL-ABROAD. Squeezed quite flat. Somerset. ALL-A-HOH. All on one side. Wilts. ALL-ALONG. Constantly. Var. dial. Also " All along of," or " All along on," entirely owing to. iVLL-AMANG. Mingled, as when two flocks of sheep are driven together. Wilts. ALL-AND-SOME. Every one; cventhing; altogether. Thereof spekys the apostell John, In his gospcll all and some. MS. Aahmole 61, f. 83. We are betrayd and y-nome ! Horse and harness, lords, all and some ! Richard Coer de Lion, 2284. Thi kyngdam us come. This is the secunde poynte al and some I MS. Douce 3ie,t. 33. ALLANE. Alone. llys men have the wey tane ; In the forest Gyc ys allane. US. Cantab. Ft. ii. 38, f. 174. ALL-ARMED. An epithet applied to Cupid in A Mids. Night's Dream, ii. 2, unneccbsarily altered to alarmed \t\ some editors, as if the expression meant armed all over, whereas it merely enforces the word armed. The ex- ])rcssion is used l)y Greene, and is found earlier ill the Morte d'Arthur, i. 215. AI.L-AS-IS. " ,;// as is to me is this," i. e. all I liave to say idiout it. Herefordsh. ALL-A-TAUNT-0. Fully rigged, with masts, yards, &c. A sea term. ALL.VY. According to Kersey, to a/to;/ a jihoa- sant is to cut or cane it up at table. 'I'bc sub- stantive as a hunting term was ajiplieil to tlie set of hounds which were ahead after the beast was dislodged. ALLAYMENT. That wliich has the power of ALL 44 AliL allaying or abating the force of sometlimg else. Shak. ALL-B'EASE. Gently ; quietly. Hereforchh. ALL-BEDENE. Forthwith. Cf. Minot's Poems, p. 34 ; Havelok, 730, 2841 ; Coventry Mys- teries, p. 4; Gloss, to Ritson's Met. Rom. p. 360. Thane thay sayde al-bt/dene. Bathe kynge and qwene, The doghtty knyght in the grene Hase wonuene the gree. Sir Dcgrevante, MS. Lincoln. Whan thai were wasshen al-bedenct He set hym downehem betwene. MS. Cantab. Ff. v. 48, f. 14. ALL-BE-THOUGH. Albeit. Skinner. ALLE. Ale. See this form of the word in Skelton's Works, i. 151 ; The Feest, v. It apparently means old in the Towneley Myste- ries, p. 101. ALLECT. To allure; to bring together; to collect. {Lat.) I beyng by your noble and notable qualities ulUcted and encouraged, moste hertely require your helpe, and humbly desyre your ayde. HalVs Union, 1548, Hen. IV. f. 27. .\LLECTIVE. Attraction; allurement. Seethe Brit. Bibl. iv. 390. For what better alUctive coulde Satan devise to allure and bring men pleasantly into damnable servi- tude. Northbrooke's Treativit 1577- ALLECTUARY. An electuaiy. Jlhctuari/ arrectyd to redres These feverous axys. Skelton's Works, i. 25. ALLEFEYNTE. Slothful; inactive. Prompt. Parv. ALLEGATE. (1) To allege. See Peele's Works, iii. 08 ; Skelton's Works, i. 356. (2) Always ; algate. (A.-S.) Ac, alienate, thekynges Losen ten ageyns on in werrynges. Ksjng ..tiisaunder, 6094. ALLEGE. To qjiote ; to cite. And for lie wold his longe tale abrege. He wolde non auctoritee allege. Chaucer, Canl. T. 9532. ALLEGYAUNCE. Citation ; the act of quoting. Translated bv allegacio, in Prompt. Parv. p. 9. ALLE-HALWEN. .AUliallows. Here fest wol be, withoute nay, After Jlh-halwen the eyght day. Const. ofMasoniy, P- 32. ALLE-HOOL. Entirely; exactly. See Rcliq. Antiq. i. 151 ; Sir H. Dn-Jen's Twici, p. 38. Alle answers to omnuio, and strictly speaking, cannot grammatically be used in composition. Jtle if, MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 24. See Jlle-',if. ALLELUYA. The wood-sorrel. Gerard. .\LLE-LYKELY. In like manner. Prompt. Pan: ALLEMAIGNE. A kind of solemn music, more generally spelt Abnain, q. v. It is also the name of several dances, the new aUemaigne, the old, the queen's alleniaigue, all of which are mentioned in MS. Rawl. Poet. 108, and the figures given. See Brit. Bibl. ii. 164, 610. t\LLEM.\SH-DAY. Grose says, i. e. AUumage- day, the day on which the Canterbury sillc- weavers began to work by candle-Ught. Kent. ALLEMAUNDIS. Almonds. Therfore Jaoob took grete jerdis of popelers, and otallemaundis, and of planes, and in party dideawey the rynde. Wickbffe, MS. Bodl. 277. ALLEN. Grass land recently broken up. Suffolk. Major Moor says, " unenclosed land that has been tilled and left to run to feed for sheep." ALLE-ONE. Alone; sohtary. Alle-one he leved that drery knyghte. And sone he went awaye. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 109. ALLER. (1) An alder tree. A common form of the word, still used in the western counties. See Florio, in v. AIno; Hohnshed, Hist. Ireland, p. 178 ; Gerard's Herbal], ed. Johnson, p. 1409. (2) Of all. It is the gen. pi. Adam was oure alter fader. And Eve was of hymselve. Piers Ploughman, p. 342. Than thai it closed and gun hyng Thairert/Zerselesthareby. MS. Coll.Sion.wiii.G. ALLER-FLOAT. A species of trout, usually large and well grown, frequenting the deep holes of rethed and shady brooks, under the roots of the alter, or alder tree. North. It is also called the aller-tront. ALLER-FURST. The first of aU. Tho, aller-furst, he undurstode That he was ryght kyngis blod. Kyng Alisaunder, 15G9. ALLER-MOST. Most of all. To wraththe the God and paien the fend hit serveth altermost. Wi-it^ht's Pol. Songs, p. 336. ALLERNBATCH. A kind of botch or old sore. Evmoor. Apparently connected with alters, a Devousliire word for an acute kind of boU or carbuncle. ALLERONE. Apparently the pinion of a wing, in the following passage. Roquefort hasa/mon, a bird of prey. Tak pympemolle, and stampe it, and take the jeuse therof, and do therto the grese of the allerone of the gose-wenge, and drope it in thyne eghne. MS. Lincoln. Med. t. 283. ALLES. V'ery; altogether; all; even. See Rob. Glouc. p. 17; Ritson's Ancient Songs, p. 7 ; Reliq. Antiq. ii. 176. ALLESAD. Lost. (A.-S.) Bisek him wij milde mod. That for ous atlesad is bloil. MS. Egerton 613, f. 2. ALLE-SOLYNE-D.VY. All Souls' Day. See MS. Harl. 2391, quoted in Hampson's Kalen- darium, ii. 11. ALLETHER. Gen. pi. of all Than doth he dye for oure allether good. Gov. Myst. p. 14. ALLETHOW. Ahhough. Torrent thether toke the way, Werry allethow he were. Torrent of Portugal, p. 10. ALLETOGEDERS. Altogether. Into the water he cast his sheld, Croke and atletogeders it held. Torrent uf Portugal, p. 68. ALLEVE. Eleven. Ethulfe in that like manere. Wormed at Rome alleve ^ere. MS. Cantub. Ff. v. 48, f. 99. ALL ALLEVENTHE. The eleventh. The utleftnlhe wyntur was wittvirly Thcr aftir. as Icllcth us mc to dy. Cursor ilundi, SIS. CM. Trin. Cantab, f. 13. ALLE-WELDAND. Omnipotent. That I before Gode allewddand Weme In the liht of Uvyand. MS. Bodl. 425, f. 27. ALLEY. The conclusion of a game at football, when the hall has passed the bounds. Yorksh. A choice taw, made of alabaster, is so called by boys. See the Pickwick Papers, p. 358. ALLEYDE. Alleged. With alle hire herte sche him preyde. And many another cause alleydc, That he with hire at horn abide. Cower, JUS. Sot: Jiiliii. 134, f. 115. ALLE-3IF. Although. See Jlle-hool. Y wyl make jow no veyn carpyiig, Alle ji/hit myile som men lyke. lis. Bodl. 48, f. 47. ALL-FOOLS-DAY. The first of Apiil, when a custom prevails of making fools of people by sending them on ridiculous errands, &c. whence the above name. See further in Brand's Pop. Antiq. i. 76. The custom seems to have been borrowed by us from the French, but no satis- factory account of its origin has yet been given. ALL-FOURS. A well-known game at cards, said by Cotton, in the Conipleat Gamester, ed. 1 709, p. 81, to he "verj- much played in Kent." ALL-GOOD. The 'herb good Henr)'. Gerard. ALLHALLOWN-SUMMER. Late summer. In 1 Henry IV. i. 2, it simply appears to mean an o!d man with youthful passions. ALLUALLOWS. Satirically written byHejTvood as a single saint. See his play of the Foure PP, 1569, and the following i)assage : Here is another relyke, eke a preeyous one, Of All-hetoives the blessyd jaw-bone. Which relyke, without any fayle, Agaynst poyson chtfily dothc prevayle. Pardoner and the Frere, 1533. ALL-HEAL. The lierb panax. See Gerard's Herball, ed. Johnson, p. 1004 ; Florio, in v. Ac/iilea. ALL-HID. According to Nares, the game of liide-aud-scek. It is supposed to be alluded to in Hamlet, iv. 2. See Hiile-Fox. It is mentioned by Dekker, a-s quoted by Steevens ; but Cotgrave apparently mnkes it s) nonymotis with Hoodman-bliiid, in v. Clir/nemttinet, Cline- mucette. Cotgrave also mentions Harry-racket, which is the game of liide-atul-seek. See Uoodman-Hind. " A sport ridl'il alUiid, which is a m.ere children's pastime," is mentioned in A Ciirtaine Lecture, 12nio, Lond. 16:57, p. 206. See also Hawkins' Engl. Dram. iii. 1H7; Apollo Shroving, 1627, p. 81. ALL-HOLLAND'S-DAY. The Hampshire name for All Saints' Day, when i)liuu-cakes are made and called All Ho'llaml cakes. Middleton uses the word twice in this form. See his Works, ii. 283, v. 282. ALLHOOVE. Ground i%7. .l/iii.vAe«. ALLHOSE. The herb horsehoof. See Florio, in V. Bichio. 45 ."V^LL ALL-I-BITS. All in pieces. North. ALLICllOLLY. Melancholy. Shakespeare uses this word, put into the mouths of illiterate persons, in Two Gent, of Verona, iv. 2, and Merry ^Vives of \Vindsor, i. 4. See Collier's Shakespeare, i. 148, 197, where the word is spelt two dilferent wavs. ALLICIATE. To attract. {Lat.) Vca, the very rage of humilitie, though it be most violent and dangerous, yet it is sooner ttllicialed by ceremony than compelled by vertue of olBce. Biil. Bibl. ii. 186. ALLIENY. An alley ; a passage in a building. See Britton's Arch. Diet, in v. Alley. ALLIGANT. A Spanish wine. See Jlicanf. In dreadful darkenesse .-llligant lies drown'd, Which marryed men invoke for procreation. Pasquir" Palinodia, 1634. ALLIGARTA. The alligator. Ben Jonson uses this form of the word in his Bartholomew Fair, u. 1. ALL-IN-A-CHARM. Talking aloud. JVilts. ALL-IN-.ALL. Every-thing. Shakcsiiearc has the phrase in a well-kiiown passage, Hamlet, i. 2, and several other places. In London she buyes her head, her face, her Hisliion. O London, thou art her Paradise, her luavcn, heraW i;i-uH/ Tuke on Painting, 1616, p.60. Thou'rt all in all, and all in cv'ry part. Clohcry't Divine Glimp.ie.f, p. 75. The phrase all in alluitli, meant very intimate or familiar with. See Howell's Lexicon, in v. ALL-IN-A-MUGGLE. All in a Utter, mils. ALLINE. An ally. Wisdom is immortality's altine. And immortality is wisdom's gain. Mlddlcton'n Works, v. 394. ALLINGE. Totally; altogether. {A.-S.) Cf Const. of Masoury, p. 37 ; Ritson's Ancient Songs, p. 7 ; Rob. Glouc. p. 18 ; Maundcvile'sTravels, p. 1 89. For hire faired and hire cherc, Ich hire bou^te allinga so dere. Tlor. and Blanch. 074. Icli bote that thou mc telle, Nouthe thou art aUirigtie!' here. MS. Laud. 108, f. 127. ALL-IN-ONE. At the same time. But all in one to cviry wight. There was sene conning with estate. L'hancer'a Dreame, 670. ALL-IN-THE-WELL. A juvenile game in Newcastle and the neighbourhood. A circle is made about eight inches in diameter, termed the well, in the centre of which is placed a wooden jieg, four inches long, with a button balanced on the top. Those desirous of playing give buttons, marbles, or anything else, accord- ing to agreement, fur the privilege of throwing a short stick, with which they are ftirnishcd, at the peg. Should the button fly out of the ring, the player is entitled to double the stipu- lated value of what he gives for the stick. The game is also practised at the Newcastle races, and otlier places of amiisenient in the north, with three pegs, which are imt into three cir- ctilar holes, made in the groimd, about two feet apart, and forming a triangle. In this case each hole contains a peg, about nine inches ALL 4b ALM long, upon which are deposited either a small knife or some copper. The person plajing gives so much for each stick, and gets all the articles that are thrown oif so as to fall on the outside of the holes. ALLISON. The wood-rose. So at least Floiio seems to imderstand it, in v. Alisso. ALL-LANG-OFF. Entu-ely owing to. North. That I have no childe hidur title. Hit is at-longe-on Goddes wille. Cursor Munm, MS. Coll. Triii. CalUali. f. 64. Therby wist thel it was alle Lotige one her, and not one Landavalle. MS. Raul. C. 86, f. 124. ALL-L0\T;S. The phrase of alt loves, or for all loves, i. e. by all means, occurs twice in Shakespeare, and occasionally in contemporary %vriters. The earliest instance I have met with is in the romance of Ferumhras, below quoted. Other examples are given in Boswell's Malone, viii. 82 ; and Nares, in v. Loves. And saide to him she muste go To viseten the prisoneris that daye. And said, sir, for alle lores, Lete me thy prisoneres seen ; 1 wole the gife both golde and gloves. And counsail shalle it bene. Middlefiill MS. Alacli, where are you? speak, an if you hear! Speak, of all loves! 1 swoon almost with fear. J ilids. Kiglifs Dream, ii. 2 ALL-MANNER-A-WOT. Indiscriminate abuse. SiiffoH: ALLMEES. Alms. East Sussex. See the ex- ample under Almesse. ALL-OF-A-HUGH. All on one side. Suffolk. ALL-OF-A-ROW. A chUd's game. Suffolk. ALLONGE. All of us. Somerset. ALLONELI. Exclusively. Of. Wright's Mo- nastic Letters, p. 126 ; Supp. to Hardyng, f. 44 ; Prompt. Parv. p. 54 ; Maunde\Tle's Travels, p. 8 ; Morte d'.\rthur, ii. 427 ; Hall, Edw. IV. f. 12 ; Patteme of PainefuU Adventures, p. 239 ; Minot's Poems, pp. 133, 152. Now wold I fayne sum rayithjs make, Jlle-oueli for my ladys sake. MS. Cantab. Ff. i. 6. We spered nojte the jates of citee to that entent for to agaynestande the, bot allanly for the drede of Darius, kyng of Perse. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17. f. 10. ALL-ON'-END. Eager; impatient. Somerset. ALLOTTERY. An allotment. S/iak. ALLOUS. iVll of us. Somerset. ALL-OUT. Entirely; quite. Minsheu has it for a carouse, to drink all out. Cf. Rob. Glouc. pp. 26, 244 ; Rom. of the Rose, 2101. Still in use in the former sense in the north of England and in Scotland. Thane come theise wikkyde Jewes, and whene they sawe thise two thefes that hang by oure Lorde one-lyfe, they brake theyre thees, and slewe theme alle-owte, and caste theme vilainely into a dyke. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 184. ALL-OVERISH. Neither sick nor well. I'ar. dial. ALLOW. To approve. A Scripture word. See Romans, xiv. 22; Baret'sAlvearie, inv. Perhaps connected %vith alowe, to praise. {J.-N.) ALLOWANCE. Approbation. Shak. ALLOWED. Licensed. An " allowed fool" is a terra employed by Shakespeare in Twelfth Night, i. 5. In HoUyband's Dictionarie, 1593, mention is made of " an allowed cart or chariot." ALL-PLAISTER. Alablaster. Yorksh. ALLS. (1) Aries, q. v. Aort/i. (2) Also. (J.-S.) Thare was crakked many a crowne Of wild Scottes, and alls of tame. Minot's Poems, p. 4. ALL-SALES. All times. Suffolk. " Sales" is of course merely a form of eele or sele. See Prompt. PaiT. p. 65. ALL-SEED. The orach. Skinner. ALL-SEER. One who sees everything. Shak. ALL-THE-BIRDS-IN-THE-AIR. A Suffolk game. See Moor's Suffolk Words, p. 238, where another game is mentioned called all- the-fishes-in-the-sea. ALL-TO. Entirely. In earlier writers, the to would of course be a prefix to the verb, but the phrase all-to in the Elizabethan writers can scarcely be always so explained. Mercutio's ycy hand had al-to frozen mine. Romerts and Juliet, 1562. ALL-TO-NOUGHT. Completely. Var. dial. ALL-TO-SM.\SH. Smashed to pieces. Somerset. The phrase is not peculiar to that county. A Lancashire man, telling his master the mill- dam had burst, exclaimed, " Maister, maister, dam's brossen, and aiv's to-smas/i .'" ALLUTERLY. Altogether ; wholly. As yf thy love be set alluterly Of nice lust, thy travail is in vain. MS. Seld. Arch. B. 24. ALLUVION. A washing away. {Laf.) ALL-WATERS. " I am for all vaters," i. e. I can turn my hand to anything. A proverbial expression used by the clown in Twelfth Night, iv. 2. .\LLY. The aisle of a church. Var. dial. ALLYFE. Although. This form of the word occiu-s in a letter dated 1523, in Monast. Angl. iv. 477. ALL-Y-FERE. Altogether. And hurre lappe was hole ajeyu all-y-fere. Chron. niodun. p. 74. ALMAIN. (1) A German. Upon the same pretence, to furnish them a band Of .-tlmaim, and to them for their stout captain gave The valiant Martin Swart. Drayton, ed. 1753, p. 1102. (2) A kind of dance. A stage direction in Peele's Works, i. 28, is, " Hereupon did enter nine knights in annour, treading a warhke almoin, by drum and fife." ALMAIN-LEAP. A dancing leap; a kind of jig. See Florio, in v. Chiarantdna. Skip with a rhyme on the table from New- Nothing, And take his almain-leap into a custard. Devil is an Ass, i. 1. ALMAIN-RIVETS. Moveable rivets. The term was applied to a Ught kind of annour, " so called," says Minsheu, "because they be rivetted, or buckled, after the old Alman ALM 47 ALM fashion." See Test. Vetust. p. 622 ; Ilolinshed, Hist. Ireland, p. 56 ; Sharp's Cov. Mvst. p. 195. ALMAN. A kind of hawk, mentioned liy Howell, and also called by him the Dutch falcon. ALMANDIN. Made of almond. And it was an almandin wand, That ilk frut tharon thiii fand, Almandes was groun ttiaron. MS. Colt. Vespas. A. iii. f. 39. ALMAND-MILK. Almonds ground and mixed with milk, broth, or water. See an old re- ceipt in Warner's Antiq. Culin. p. 5. ALMANDRIS. Almond-trees. And trees tlxere werin grete foison. That berln nuttes in ther seson, Suche as menne nutemiggis y-call. That sote of savour ben withali ; And of almandris grete plenty, Figgis, and many a date tre. Rom. ffthe Rose, 1363. ALMANE-BELETT. A part of armom-, men- tioned in an account of Norham Castle, temp. Hen. VIII. in Arch;r.ologia, xvii. 204. ALMANY. Germany. Now Fulko comes, that to his brother gave His land In Italy, which was not small. And dwelt In Almant/. Harrington's Anosto, 1501, p. I!). AliMARIE. A cupboard ; a pantry; a safe. See Kennett's Gloss. MS. Lansd. 1033. The North country word aumbry seems fonued from this. It is glossed by the French ameire, in MS. Coll. Trin. Cantab. B. xiv. 40. Cf. Prompt. Parv. pp. 10, 109, 315; Becon's Works, p. 468. In the latter place Becon quotes Deut. xxriii. 17, where the vulgate reads basket ; a reference wliich might have saved the editor's erronious note. Ilowel has the proverb, " There is God in the almery." Ther avarice hath almnries. And yren bounden cofres. Piers Ploughman, p. 288. ALMARIOL. A closet, or cupboard, in which the ecclesiastical habits were kejit. See Brit- tcm's Arch. Diet, in v. .Armarium. AL.MATOUR. An almoner. After him spalc Dalmadaa, A riche atmatour he was. Kyng Atisaunder, 3042. ALMAYNi:. Germany. Thane syr Arthurc onone, in the Auguste theraftyrc, Entercs to Almat/ne wyth ostoz arrayed, Mortt; Arthure, MS. Linrotn, f. 7'I- ALME. An elm. (Z)an.) " Askes of alme-barke" arc mentioned in a rcmrdv for "contraiius hare" in .MS. Lincoln. Med! f. 282. ALMESFULLE. Charitable. It is found in Pynson's edition of the Prompt. Parv. See Mr. Way's edition, p. 10. 1 was chaste cnogh, abstinent, and almcufuUe, and for othcrc [th3yng 1 ame note dampncd. MS. Harl. 1(122, f. 1. ALMESSE. Alms. Cf. Promjit. Parv. p. 117. And thus fill great (tlmfsxf he 7. A-LOGH. Below. (A.-S.) Lewed men many tymes Maistres thei apposen. Why Adam ne hlled noght first His mouth that eet the appul. Rather than his likame a-logh. Piers Ploughman^ p. 242. ALOMBA. Tin. Howell. ALONDE. On land. For the kenile that he was best, Alondemen he gnouj. 3/.?. Coll. Trin. Oxon. 57. ALONG. (1) Slanting. O.von. (2) Used in somewhat the same sense as " all along of," i. e. entirely owing to, a provincial phrase. I can not tell wheron it was along. But wel I wot gret strjf is us among. Chaucer, Cant. T. 16398. (3) Long. Here I salle the gyve alle myn heritage, And als along as I lyve to be in thin ostage. Peter Langloft, p. 196. (4) The phrases up along and down along answer sometimes to np the street and doii^n the street. The sailors use tliera for up or down the channel. Sometimes we hear to go along, the words unth me being understood. ALONGE. To long for. Cf. Richard Goer de Lion, 3049, 3060 ; Piers Ploughman, p. 526. Alle thouj my wit be not stronge. It is nou^t on my vi]X\e ulonge. For that is besy nyjte and day To lerne aUc that he lerne may. Gower, MS. Soc. Antiq. 134, f. 109. This worthy Jason sore alongeth To se the straunge regionis. fbid. f. 147. He goth into the boure and wepeth for bltsse ; Sore he is alonged his brethren to kisse. MS. Bodl.e53,(.9. ALONGST. Along ; lengthwise. Somerset. See early instances in Holinshed, Hist. Engl. |)p. 24, 146 ; Dekker's Knight's Conjiuing, 1607, repr. p. 46. ALOORKE. AwTy ; out of order, {/si.) His heed in shappe as by natures worke. Not one haire amisse, or lyeth aloorke. MS. Lansd. 208, {rjuoted in Boucher.) A-LORE. Concealed. Whereof his schame was the more, Whiche ou;te for to ben a-lore. Gower, MS. Soc. Antiq. 134, f. 132. A-LORYNG. A parapet wall. See Willis's Architectural Nomenclature, p. 33. It is merely another form of ature, q. v. ALOSED. Praised ; commended. Cf. Rob. Glouc. p. 450 ; Rom. of the Rose, 2354. {A.-N.) Ones thou schalt justi with me. As knight that wele a/o«ed is. Gy of Wni^wike, p. 64. So that he bigon at Oxenford of divinite ; So noble aloaed ther nas non in all the universete. MS. Ashmole 43, f. I81I. ALOSSYNGE. Loosing ; making loose. See the early edition of Luke, c. 19, quoted by Richardson, in v. .Hosing. ALOST. Lost. Somerset. ALP 49 ALS ALOUGII. Below. SeeAlogh. And wiliest of btiddes and of beestes, And of hir bredyng, lo knowe Why some bo alougli and sume aloft, Thi likyne It were. Piera Fluughman, p. 241. ALOUR. An alure, q. v. Alisaunder rometh in his touu, For to wisscn his masons, The touris to take, and the torellis, Vawtes, afcuria, and thecorneris. Ki/iig AliMundtr, 7210. Into her cit^ thai ben y-gon, Togider thai asembled hem ichon. And at (he alourt thai defended hcno. And abidcn bataile of her fomen. Cy of tVarwike, p. 85. ALOUTE. To bow. (^.-5.) Cf. Piers Plough- man, p. 495 ; Lybeaus Disconus, 1254. And schewede htm the false ymagos, And hete hem altjuie ther-lo. its. Cull. Trill. Ojon.&7- This gret ymage never his heed enclyne, But he atoul upon the same ny;te. Ludgttle, MS. Sou. Antiq. 134, f. 15. Alle they schalle alowte to thee, Yf thou wylt alowte to me, MS. Cantab. Ff. li. 38, f. .18. ALOW. Halloo. PiUicock sat on pillicock hill ; Alow, alowt loo, loo ! King hear, ed. 1623, p. 297. ALOWE. (1) Low ilown. {A.-S.) Cf. Cotu^ of Love, 1201 ; Tusser's Works, p. 101 ; Dial. Creat. Moral, p. 2. Do we, sayden he. Nail we him opon a tre Alowe, Ac arst we sullen scinin him Ay rowe. Reliq. Antiq. i. 101. (2) To humble. IVyatt. (3) To praise ; to approve. {A.-N.) Cursyd be he that thy werk alowel Richard Coer de Lion, 4662. ALOYNE. To delay. (A.-N.) That and more he dyd atfyiii:. And ledde hem ynto Babyloyne. MS. Bodt. 415. ALOYSE. jMas ! So explained by the editors. A kind of precious stone so called is mentioned in the Book of St. Albans, sig. F. i. Aloyie, aloyse, how pretie it is ! Damon and Pithias, 1571. ALPE. Abull-linch. East. Ray says it was in general use in bis time. It is glossed by jficetlula in Pronijit. Parv. p. 10. There was many a blrde singing, Thoroughoiit the yerdeall tliringing: In many iilacl^ nightingales. And alpea, and finches, and wode-wales. Horn, of the Rote, 658. ALPES-BON. Ivory. Thai made hlr body bio and blac. That er was while to alpes-bon. Leg. Calhol. p. 185. ALPI. Single. (.-/.-.S.) A, quod the vox, ieh wllle the telle. On alpi word icli He nelle. R^lig. Antiq. ii. 275. ALUCKE. Apparently a kind of earth. Sec Cotgrave, in v. Chercee. ALPURTH. A halfpenny-worth. See Monast. Angl. i. 198. We still say hapurth in common ])arlance. ALRE-BKST. The best of all. Cf. Wright's Lyric Poetry, p. 104. {A.-S.) For when je weneth alrebest For te have ro ant rest. Reliq. Antiq, i. 116. ALRE-MOST. Most of all. (A.-S.) The flour of ehyvalarie now have y lost. In wham y trust to alremoat. MS. Ashmole 33, f. 31. ALRE-WORST. The worst of aU. {A.-S.) Men, thou havest wicked fon. The atre-worst is that on. Wrights Lyric Poetry, p. 104. ALRICHE. An ancient name for a dog. It oc- curs in MS. Bib. Reg. 7 E. iv. f. 163. ALS. Also ; as ; likewise ; in like manner. The Dorset dialect has al's, a contracted form of 0// this. {A.-S.) He made calle it one the mome, Ala his fadir highte byfome. Percecal, Lincoln MS. t. 162. ALSAME. Apparently the name of a place. The Cambridge MS. reads " Eylyssham." With towels of ^ftame, Whytte als the see fame. And sanappis of the same. Served thay ware. Sir Degrevante, MS. Lincoln. ALSATI.4. A jocular name for the Whitefriars, ■which was formerly an asylum or sanctuary for insolvent debtors, and persons who had of- fended against the laws. Shadwell's comedy of the Squire of Alsatia alludes to tliis place j and Scott has rendered it famiUar to all readers by his Fortunes of Nigel. ALSAUME. Altogether. He cursed hem there al-^autne. As they karuled on here gaume. MS. Hart. 17()l,f. 60. ALSE. (1) Alice. In the ancient parish re- gister of Noke, CO. Oxon.jis the following entry: " Ake Mcrtcn was buried the 25. daye of June, 1586." (2) Also. {A.-S.) The fowrlhe poynt techyth us alaei That no mon to hys craft be false. dtnst. of Maaonry, p. 23, (3) As. {A.-S.) Fore ulse monii as ^e may myn. Audclity'a Poems, p. 74. ALSENE. An awl. It is found in MS. Annidel, 220, quoted in Promjit. Parv. p. 138. FLsin is still used in the North of England in the same sense. Mr. Way derives it from French aline, but perhaps more probably Tcut. aelnene, su- bula. See Brockctt, in v. IChin. Jamieson gives atison as still in use in the same sense. ALSO. (1) Als ; as. It occurs occasionally in later writers, as in the Triall of Wits, 1604, p. 308. Kyrtyls they had oon of gylko. Also whyte as any mylke. MS. Ciinlab. Kf. li. 38, f. 149. (2) All save ; all but. Midland C. ALSOME. MMiolesome. Tak a halvpeny wurlhe of schepc talgho moltenp, 4 ALT 50 ALT .50. Is ,„d alle the crommes of a halpeny lafe of o/jome brede of whete. and a potelle of aide ale. and "o.le alle sa- ^^^^ MS. Li-..o/n. M«d. f. .313. ALSONE. As soon ; immediately. Cf. Kyng AUsaunder, 5024 ; Sevyn Sages, 2847. A,.d Pausamy pursued after hyme, and overhied hym.and strake hym thurghe with a spere, and jltt Ife-alle he were grevosely wonded. he dyde nc,te aUone. hot he laye halfe dede in the waye Aluander, HIS. Lincoln f. 3. ALSQUA. Also. (^.-S-) The signe of pes alsiiua to bring Bitwix William and the tother king. US. Fair/as 14. ALSTITE. Quickly. Unto the porter speke he thoe, Sayd, To thi lord myn emde thou go, Hasteli and alstite. RobBon'a Romance*, p ALSTONDE. To withstand. Rob. Glouc. litis a misprint for at-stonde ? ALSUITHE. As soon as ; as quickly as. For nlsuithe als he was made He fell ; was that na langer bade. ..... MS. Cott. Vespas. A. in. t. 4. ALSWA. Also. {A.-S.) AUwa this buke leres to kepe the ten comand- mentes.andtowirkenoghtforerthelythyng. MS. Cull. Eton. 10, f- 1. And, sir. I drede me yit alswii, That he sold have the empire Ihc fra. Sevyn Sages, 3945. Oure lantarnes take with us ahioay, And loke that thay be light. Towneley Mtjst. p. 18b. ALTEMETRYE. Trigonometry. The bookis of aUe.mftvye, Planemetrye and eek also. ,„,„«, Gowei; MS. Sk. Anttq. 134, f. 202. ALTERAGE. One of the amends for offences short of murder. Hearne, in gloss, to Peter Langtoft, explains it, " the proMs which ac- crue and are due to the priest by reason of the altar." , ,. . ■ „f Hem, the beginneng and thendeng of the deca.e of this lande growethe by the immoderate takeng of coyne and lyverey,w,thoughtorder,after mennes awne seosuall appetites, cuddees, gartie, takeng of caanes for felonies, murdours, and all other otfences, ,./<«■- ages, biengis, saultes, slauntiaghes, and other like abusions and oppressions. Slate Papers, n 163. ALTEIIATE. Altered; changed. Palsgrave has it as a verb, to alter. Undir smiling she was dissimulate. Provocative with blinkis amorous. And sodainly chaungid and allerale. Test, of Creseide, 22?. And thereby also the mater ys allerale. Both inward and outward substancyally. Aehmole's Theat. Chem. Brit. p. 163. ALTERCAND. Contending. The parties wer so felle allercand on ilk side. That non the soth couth telle, whedir pes or werre suld tide. P"«'- l^ngt"/'- P- 31^- ALTERN. Alternately. Milton. ALTHAM. In the Fraternitye of Vacabondes, 1575, the wife of a " curtaU" is said to be called his alfham. See the reprint of that rare tract, p. 4. \I.THER-BEST. The best of all. Cf. Kyng .\hsaunder, 4878 ; Prompt. Parv. p. 161. When y shal slepe, y have good rest; Somtyme y had not allher-heit. Reliq. Anliq. i. 202. The barne alther-besle of body scho bare. JUS. Li.icol.i A . i. 17, f. 231. Kepe 1 no more for al my service. But love me, man, altherbest. MS. Coll. Caii Cantab. E. 55. ALTHER-FAIREST. The fairest of aU. See Rom. of the Rose, 625 ; Hartshome's Met. Tales, p. 82. , ,, , „ ALTHER-FEBLEST. The most feeble of aU. Now es to alt'ter-fibl''st to se, Tharfor mans lyve schort byhoves ho. MS. C'll. Sinn, xviii. 6. \LTHER-riRSTE. First of aU. Cf. Le Bone Florence of Rome, 292; Hartshome's Met. Tales, p. 85. JIther-Jirsle, whanne he dide blede Upon the day of Circuracisioun. Lydnale, MS. Soo. Antiq. 134, f. 20. Before matyns salle thou thynke of the swete byrthe of Jhesu Cryste alther-fyrste, and sythyne eftvrwarde of his Passione. MS Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 2('6. ALTHER-FORMEST. The first of all. For there thai make semblant fairest. Thai wil bigile ye alther-firmest. Seei/n Sages, 2726. ALTHER-FOULLESTE. The foulest of all. That schamefuUe thynge es for to saye. And foulle to here, als sayse the buke, And alther-foulleste one to luke. Hanxfxile, MS. Lincoln, f. 27^. ALTHER-GRATTEST. Greatest of all. This compound occurs in an imperfect Une in Syr Gawavne, p. 54. \LTHER-HEGHEST. The highest of all. 1 sal sync til the name of the Lorde aW.er-heghest. MS. Coll. Eton. 10, f. 12- Whenne hir frendes gan hir se Upon the alilier-hc;est iegri, Thei wondride how she thider wan. Curs.,r Mundi, MS. Coll. Trin. Omtab. f. 66. This es the name that es abuwne alle names, name allhir-hegesle, wlthowttene "hilke na man hopes hele. SIS. Lincoln A. .. 17, f- 192. ALTHER-LASTE. Last of all. And alther-Unle, with fuUe gret cruelte. For us he suffreth circumcisioun. Lydgate, MS. Soc. Antiq. 134, f. 20. Hur own lorde, alther-laste. The venom out of hys hedd braste. Le Bme Florence of Rome, 2115, ALTHER-LEEST. Least of all Hir lif in langure lastyng l.iy, Gladshipe had she altherlectt. Cur.'or Mundi, MS. Coll. Trin. Cantab, f. 6.-.. That of the aliher-leste wounde Were a stede brouht to grunde. Havelok, 1978. ALTHER-MIGHTIEST. See .ilther-visest. ALTHER-MOST. Most of all. See the Sevyn Sages, 3560. The mare vanild it es and altherma.-te agayn mans deed, when lufe is perBtest. MS. Coll. Eton. 10, f. 1. He dud hym ynto the hethen ooste. There the prees was alther-moost . ifS. Ca-itat. Ff. ii. 38, f. 92. ALU The firste poynte of alle thre Was Ihis, what thynge in his Aegri Of alle this world hath uede leste. And jit men helpe it alther-niette. Gemrr, MS. Soc. Antiq. 134, f. 68. And to hem speke 1 alther-nimut. That ledeth her lyves in pride and boost. Cwaor iliindi, US. Coll. Trin. Cantab, f. 2. And 3it mare fole es he, for he Wynnes hym na mede in the tyme, and altherma-stc fole he es, for he Wynnes hym payne. Jl/.S'. Lw<*-o/fj A. i 17.f.245. Ai.THER-NEX.T. Next of all. Cf. l.ydgate's Minor Poems, p. 20; Le Bone Florence of Rome, 1963. Or thou art yn state of prcst. Or yn two ordrys alther-nest. MS. Hai-I. 1701, f. 12. Sithen althertiext honde, Meke beestis thei shul undirstonde. Cursor Uuiidi, 3IS. Coll. Trin. Canlab. t. 11. Aftir Sampson altherueest. Was domes-man Hcly the preest. IKd. f. 4ti. ALTHER-TKEWIST. The truest of all. That alther-trewist man y-bore To ehese amonge a thousande score. Cower, its. .Sor. Aiilig. 134, f. 64. ALTH£R-^VERST. The worst of all. ^Ither-werat then shal hem be, That for mede come to dygnyt^. US. Hart. 1701, f. 73. And thus a mannis ye firste Himselfe greveth allher-werste. Cower, 3IS. Sx. Aniiq. 134, f. 40. .■VLTHER-WISEST. The wisest of all. Godd that es withowttyne begynnynge, and es with- owttejie chaungeyng, and duellys withowttyne endynge, for he es althir-myghtyeste and althir- wpseate, and alswa althire-beste. US. Lincoln A. i. 17. f. 203. ALTHER-30NGEST. The youngest of all. Samuel seide, sir Jesse, say Where is thin alrher.-^onge^t son. Cursor Mundi, MS. Coll. Trin. Canlab. f. 46. ALTIFICATION. An alchemical term. See Ashmole's Theat. Chem. Brit. p. 97. ALTITONANT. Thundering from on high. Mirtilleton applies the tenn to Jupiter. See his Works, v. 175; Minsheu, in v. ALTRICATE. To contend. {Lat.) Bishops with bistu'ps, and the vulgar train Do with the vulgar allricate for gain. Billingsfl/'x lirnrhy-Martl/rolofiia, 1657, p. 41 ALLDELS. Subliming-pots without bottoms, fitted into each other, without luting. An alchemical term. Look well to the register. And let your heat still lessen by degrees. To the aliideh. The AlchtmL^C, ii. 1. ALUFl'E. Aloof; more nearly to the wind. This word is of high aniiipiity, being noticed by Matthew Paris. Alujfe at helm there, ware no more, beware! Tiii/lor'a I'raisr of lUmpaced, p. V2. ALUMERE. Bright one .= (./.-A'.) Noht may bo feled lykeruseie. Then thou so suctc altimrrc. tVriglit'a Ll/rir Poetry, p. 68. ALURE. A kind of gutter or channel behind the battlements, which served to carry ott' the rain-water, as appears from the Prompt. Parv. 51 ALY p. 1 0. It is certainly sometimes used for an alley, or passage from one part of a building to another. See Ducange, in v. Allorium, and a quotation from Hearne in W'arton's Hist. Engl. Poet. u. 300; Rob. Glouc. p. 192. The parapet-wall itself is even more generally meant bv the term. See the examples under Alour. ALUTATION. Tanning of leather. Minsheu. jVLUTE. Bowed. {A.-S.) That child that was so wilde and wlong. To me alute lowe. Reliq. Antiq. i. 101. ALVE. Half. Thys alve men le ssoUe wynne wel lyjtloker and vor nojt. Rob. Glouc, p. 214. ALTERED. Alfred. See the name as spelt in the Herald's College MS. of Robert of Gloucester, Heanie's text (p. 326) reading Aldred. ALVISCH. Elfish; ha\'ing supernatural power. Hadet wyth an alvisch mon, for angardez pryde. Syr Gawayne, p. 27. iU.WAY. Always. Daughter, make mery whiles thou may. For this world wyll not last alway. Jells 0/ the Wj/dduw Bdyth, 1673. ALWAYS. However ; nevertheless. North. ALWELDAND. All-ruling. Cf. Hardyng's Chronicle, f. 162 ; Minot's Poems, p. 21. {A.-S.) I prai to grete God atweldand. That thai have noght the hegher hand. Ywaine and Gawin, 2199. Befyse betajt hym God allewetd\jng. MS. Cantab. Ff. li. 38, f. 125. Oure Lord God al-wetdynge, Him liked wel her offrynge. MS. Coll. Trin. Canrnli. It. iil. 8, f. 13. ALWES. HaUows ; saints. And than be. kenned he the kouherde Crist and tohal alwes. Will, and the n'erwolf, p. 14. ALY. Go. {Fr.) Aly ! he saide, aly blyve ! No leteth non skape on lyve. Ktmg Mtnunder, 4370. ALYCHE. Alike. In kyrtels and In copes ryche. They were clothed all alyche. Gower, cd. 1532, f. 70. ALYCKEN'ES. Similarity. And lyke of alyckeneSf as hit Is devysed. Tundale, p. 87. ALYE. (1) To mix. (Fr.) And if It be not in Lent, aljft it with jolkes of eyren. Forme 0/ Curv, p. 14, (2) Kindred. If I myght of myn alye ony ther fynde. It wold be grett joye onto me. Coventry Myateries, p. 146. ALYES. Algates ; always. Percy. ALVFE. Alive. Cf. Lydgate's Minor Poems, p. 115. And he ne wolde leve alyfe Man, bcste, chyide, ne wyfe. MS. Cantab. Ff. II. 38, f. 88. A-LYGHTELY. Lightly. A-lyghlely they sey. as hyt may falle, God have nurcy on u< alle. .VS. Ilarl. 1701 , f. 30. A-LYKE-WYSE. Inlikcnianncr. Prompt. Pan. ALYN. A kind (if oil, incmioned by Skinner, who refers to Juliana Barnes as liis authority. AMA 52 AMA ALYS. Hales ; tents. See the Paston Letters, V. 412, quoted in Prompt. Pair. p. 222. They were made of canvas. See the Archaologia, xxni. 402. ALYSSON. The herb madwort. It is men- tioned by Huloet, 1572, as a cure for the bite of a mad dog. A-LYVED. Associated. And whanne the bycche of hem is moost hoot, ^if ther be any wolfes yn the contT^, thei golth alle after hure as the houndes doitti after the bycche when she is joly, but she shal not be a-lyved with noon of the wolfes saf on. MS. Bodl. 546. ALYZ. Isabel, Countess of Warwick, in her will dated 1439, leaves a " gown of green ali/z cloth of gold, with wide sleeves," to our Lady of Walsyngham. See the Test. Vetust. p. 240.' .VM. Them. An old form, and still iu use in the provinces. See an example in Middleton's Works, i. 351, where the editor erroneously prints it am, which implies awTong source of the word. And make ante amend that thai du mys. MS. Douce 30-2, f. 21. AM.\BLE. Lovely. Face of .\bsolon, moost fayre, moost amable ! Lydgate^a Minor Poems, p. 25. AMACKILY. In some fashion ; partly. Xor/h. A-MAD. Mad. Heo wendeth bokes un-brad, Ant raaketh men a moneth a-mad, n'right's Pol. Songf, p. 156. Here was Jhesus i-lad to scole, and overcam alle the maistres with puyr clergie, so that everech heold himsulf amad, for he schewede heom wel that huy weren out of rijhte rauiude. i£S. Laud. 108, f. 13. AM.\DETTO. A kind of pear, so named by Evelyn after the person who first introduced it. Skinner. AMAIL. MaU. Camillus put on a coat of amail, and went arm'd with sword and dagger to defend himself against all assaults. Tfie Foi-tunale Lovers, 1632. AMAIMON. A king of the East, one of the principal deeih who might be bound or re- strained from doing hurt from the third hour till noon, and from the ninth hour till evening. He is alluded to in 1 Henry IV. ii. 4, and Merry W. of Windsor, ii. 2. According to Holme, he was " the chief whose dominion is on the north part of the infernal gulf." See Donee's Illustrations, i. 428 ; Malone's Shakespeare, ed. 1821, viii. 91. AMAIN. All at once. A sea term. The term is also used in boarding ; and to strike amain, is to let the top-sails fall at their full run, not gently. Waving amain, is waving a sword for a signal to other ships to strike their top-sails. See the Sea Dictionary, 12mo. Lond. 1708, iu v. AMAISTER. To teach. Salop. .\MA1STREN. To overcome ; to be master of (^.-.V.) And now wolde I wite of Ihee What were the beste ; And how I myghte a-twiistren hem. And make hem to werche. Pierx ploughman, p. 129. AMALGAMING. A chemical term for mixmg quicksilver with any metal. And in amalgaming, and calccning Of quiksilver, y-cleped mercurie crude. Chaucer, Cant, T. 16233. AMALL. Enamel. See Jtnell. upon the toppe an ern ther stod Of bournede gold ryche and good, I-florysched with ryche amall, Laun/al, 270. AMAND. To send away ; to remove. (Laf.) Opinion guideth least, and she by faction Is quite anianded, and iu high distraction. VS. Bawl. A37, f. 11. AMANG. Among. Var. dial. He outtoke me thar amang Fra mi faas that war sa Strang, MS. Cott. Vespas. D. vJi. AMANG-HANDS. Work done conjointly wilh other business. In Yorkshire it sometimes means lands belonging to ditferent proprietors intermixed. AMAXSE. To excommunicate. {A.-S.) And the kyng hymsulf was therate ; hii amansede tho Alle thuike, that clerkes such despyt dude and wo. Rob. Glouc. p. 464. A-MAXY. Manv people. North. SeeMassinger's Works, i. 35. ' If weather be fayre, and tydie thy graine. Make spedely carrige for feare of a raine : For tempest and showers deceaveth a-ment/. And lingering lubbers loose many a peny. Tmser, ed. 1573, f. 55. AMARRID. Marred ; troubled. Cf. Deposition of Richard II. p. 2 ; Gesta Romauorum, p. 207. Eld me hath amarrid, Ic wene he be bi charrid, Th.it trusteth to ;uthe. Reliq. Antiq. ii. 211. A-MARSTLED. .Amazed ? Hupe forth, Hubert, hosede pye, Ichot thart a-marstu-d into the mawe. Wri^hfs Lyric Poetry, p. III. AMARTREDE. MartvTed. And amarirede so thane holie man, And a-sloujh him in a stounde. MS. Laud. 108, f. 163. .VMASEDXESSE. .\mazemeiit. Not only the eoramon sort, but even men of place and honour, were ignorant which way to direct their course, and therby, \]\iough amasednesse, a& likely to run from the place affected, as to make to the succour of it. LambardKS Perambulation, ed. 159t), p. 69. AMASEFULL. Frightened. Palsijrave. .\-M.\SKED. " To go a-masked," to wander or be bewildered. This is given as a Wiltshire phrase in MS. Lansd. 1033, f. 2, in a letter dated 1697. .\MASTE. An amethyst. Rider. Minsheu gives the form amatyste. A.M.\T. To daunt ; to dismay. Cf. Drayton's Poems, p. 303 ; Florio in v. Spontdre ; Coven- trj' Mysteries, p. 294. {A.-N.) There rayght men sorow see, Amatud that there had be. MS. Canljti. Ft. ii. 38, f. 101. And all their light laughyng tumd and translated Into sad syghyng ; all myrth was nnvtted. Heyivoud on Engiislte Prooerbes, 156!, sig. A. viii. AMB 53 AME AMAWNS. To cscommunicate ? with a penyles purs for to pleye, Lat scho can the pepul amaurnf. Rellq, Aniiq. i. 74. AMAWST. Almost. Jfest. .\MAY. To dismay. Cf. Kyng Alisaunder, 7243 ; Arthour and Merlin, p. 86. (Fr.) With thyn aunter thou maliest heer Thou ne mijt nojt me oniaj/e. MS. Ashmcle 33, f. 6. Whereof he dradde and was amayfd. Cower, MS. Xoc. .4ntiq. 134, f. 232. AMAZE. To confound ; to perplex ; to alarm. Shak. AMBAGE. Circumlocution. See the Spanish Tragedy, i. 1 ; Marlowe's Works, iii. 257. In an old glossary in MS. Rawl. Poet. 108, it is explained by " circumstance." See the Brit. Bibl. ii. 618. It is used as a verb, apparently meaning to travel round, In the Morte d.'Ai- thur, i. IS.'i. {Lat.) AMBASSADE. An embassy. {A.-N.) Aboutehim there, th*omf>uA.iarfe imperyall Were fayre brought unto his royal dignity. Hardytig's Ctironivle, p. 138. AMBASSADOR. A game played by sailors to duck some inexperienced fellow or landsman, thus described by Grose. A large tub is filled with water, and two stools placed on each side of it. Over the w hole is thrown a tarpauHn, or old sail, which is kept tight by two persons seated on the stools, who are to represent the king and queen of a foreign country. The per- son intended to be ducked plays the ambassa- dor, and after repeating a ridiculous speech dictated to him, is led in great form up to the throne, and seated between the king and queen, who rise suddenly as soon as he is seated, and the unfortunate ambassadorisof course deluged in the tub. AMBASSAGE. An embassy. S/iai. AMBASSATE. An embassy. See Ilardyng's Chronicle, ff. 71, 95, 186, who sometimes spells it ambassyate. In MS. .\shmoIe 59, f. 45, is " a compleynte made by Lydegate for the departing of Thomas Chancier into Kraunce bv hes servauiitz upone the kvnges amhasHate,*' AMBASSATUIE. An embassy. (^.-A'.) 1 say, by tretise and amhassatrie. And by the popes mediation, And nil the chirclie, and all the chevalrie. That in destruction of maumetrle. And in cnerese of Cristcs lawc dere, They ben accorded so as ye may here. Chiiucer, Colli. T. 4653. AMBER'D. Scented with ambergris. The wines be lusty, high, and full of spirit. And nmU-r'tt all. Jhaumi>nt ami Fhtcher, iv. 433. AMBER-DAYS. The ember ilays. And suflerages of thechurehc, bothe amher-dayna and lentes. Ittilc't Kyngt; Johan, p. 41. AMBES-AS. The two aces, the lowest tlirow in the dice ; and hence often used figuratively for bad luck. See Chaucer, Cant. T. 454 I ; Harrowing of Hell, p. 21 ; All's Well that ends Well, ii. 3. Howell, ]). 19, tells us Ih.at vrhenthisthrowwas made, the dicersiii Londun would say "ambling annes and trotting Joan." This is also the reading of one MS. in Rob. Glouc. p. 51. This were a hevy case, A chaunce of amtie^tue, To se youe broughte so base. To playc without a place. Itkellon't fforks, ii. 4.T8. AMBIDEXTER. In famihar writing a kind of Vicar of Bray. According to Cowell, " that juror that taketh of lioth parties for the giving of his verdict." See Nash's Pierce Penilesse, p. 10 ; Florio in v. Destreggidre. AMBLANT. AmbUng. And mony falre juster corant. And mony fat palfray amhhmt. ^!/"ff AH$aunder, 3462. AMBLERE. An amide. But Oliver him ridetli out of that plas In a softe amblere, Ne made he non other pas Til they were met in fcie. MS. ylshmiile 33, f. 5. AMBLINDE. Ambling. Y sett hit on a mule amhUnde, In the way we dede ous rldeiiide. Gy of Warwik«t p. IG3. AMBOLIFE. Oblique. And takegode kepe of this rhapitcr of arisiDgeof celestiall bodyes, for ther trusteth wel that neither mone neither sterre in our amboUff. orizont. Cfifiucert (■(/. Vny, p. 445. AMBROSE. Wild sage. See an old receipt in Reliq. Antiq, i. 55; Prompt. Parv. p. 11; Archaiologia, xxx. -104. AMBRY. A cnpboard ; a pantry. See Aiimbry, Cf, Florio in V. Gazznra ; Skinner and Baret, in V. The almonry was sometimes so called, the alms being kept in an amhrij. See Brit- ton's Arch. Diet, in v. Almonry. AMBULENDE. Ambling. On fayre ambulende hers they set. dower, ed, 1539, f. T"». AMBULER. An aml)ling horse. Sire, said Palomydis, wl- will be redy to conduyte you bycausc that yc are sore wounded, and soo was Epynogrys and his lady horsed, and his lady behymk- hym upon a softe ambuler. Morte d' Arthur, il. UH. AMBUSCADO. An ambuscade. Shak. Nay, they haveam6t«r«rf(»pji laid within thee, Self against itcif subornM, thereby to win thee. Clohrrj/'s Divine iiUmp^ics, p. HU. AMBUSION. An abuse. Hutthl.4 mcthiiiketh an nmbiiWon, To see on waike in gownis of tcurlete Twelve jcrdis wide, with pendant .sieves doun On the groundt', .mil the furroure therlnnc. Ofclrt-e, .yts .Sue. Anti^. 134, f. 2.''2. Fy I hit is to gret im a>nfmsum To 8C a man that Is but wurnili mete. Ibid. r. 9S0. AMBYNOWRE. An almoner. Peti^ cs spcnsere, that dose scrve&sc togud atle that scho maye ; and Mercy hir syster salle be iimhu""^^**'* that gylTTes to alle, and iioghtc kane kepe to hirsi-lfe. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17. f. 273. AME. (1) To guess ; to think ; to tell. From the ficrman ahmm, accordinj^ to Qu. Rev. Iv. 371 ; but it certainly, in middle English, is merely another form of aim, q.v. In Palsgravt; we have AME 54 AME "I ayme, I meiite or gesse to byt a thynge." The meaning is clearly ascertained from Prompt. Parv. p. 190, " gessyne, or amyne, estimo, arbitror, opinor." Cf. Kom. and Jul. i. 1. of men of .irmes bold the uumbre thei ame, A thousand and tuo hundred toid of Cristen men bi name. Peter Liingloft, p. 238. And alle Arthurs ostewas amede with knyghtes, Bot awghtene hundrethe of alle entrede in relies. Morte Arthwe, MS. Lincoln, f. 95. No mon upon mold mi5t apm'. the noumber, Al that real aray reken schold men never. jrm. and the tVeitvol/, p. 58. Yes, wyth good handelyng, as I ayme. Even by and by, ye shall her reclayme. Commune Secretary and Jalou'spe, n>d, (2) The spirit ; the soul. {.i.-S.) See Steven- sou's ed. of Boucher in t. (3) For a third sense, see Warner's Antiq. Culin. p. 14. A dish is there called " douce ame." AMEAUNT. Ellis and lltterson propose ada- mant as the meaning of this word. The Camhridge MS. reads, "Thysswyrde ys godc and ai'eaunf." {A.-N.) Therfore my swearde he shall have. My good swerde of ameaunt. For therwith I slcwe a gyaunt. Syr Degori, 105. AMEE. The herb ameos. Gerard. AMEKIDE. Soothed. Ande thenne spake he, Ne was not this yonge man getyne by me? Vis, sir, quod she, dowtithe hit not. for he is your lawefully bigetene sone. Thenne the Emperoure was amckide, ande saide to his sonne. Son, quod he, I am thi fadir, iiB.-*a Romanorum, p. 177. AMEL-CORN. A kind of corn, said by Markham to he " of a middle size betwixt wheat and barlie, unlike altogether unto ^vin- ter wheat whereof we last spake, but of a sort and factdtie like unto spelt, whereof we will speake next in order." See Markhara's Countrey Farme, 1616, p. 551 ; Cotgrave, in v. Scourgerm ; Florio, in v. Oriza. It appears from Markham that sconrgeon is scarcely synonymous with amel-corn, and therefore Cotgrave's account of it is not quite ap- phcable. It seems to be the Teut. Amel- koren, explained by Kihau/ar candidum, and the corn of which amydon is made. Gerard calls it the starch-corn, a species of spelt. AMELL. (1) Enamel. It is also used as a verb by Chaucer, Palsgrave, and others. See Amiled; Beaumont and Fletcher, Introd. p. hx; Cotgrave and HoUyband, in v. Email; Prompt. Parv. p. 261 ; Twine, ap. ColMer's Shak. Lib. p. 206. Aitiall is a similar form, q. V. Sec an example in v. Amelyd. (2) Between. Northumb. It seems to be the Icelandic d milli. See Qu. Rev. Iv. 363, where it is stated not to be used in Scotland. It is inserted in the glossan' to the Towneley Mysteries, without a reference, and explained '* among." AMELYD. Enamelled. The frontys therwilh ametydaW With all nianer dy verse amell. MS.Ashmolei\,S.Mi. AMEJt AC3E. To manage ; to direct by force. With her, who so will raging furor tame. Must first begin, and well her amenage. Faerie Qtteene, 11. iv. 11. AMENAUNCE. Behaviour ; courtesy. (Lat.) And with grave speech and grateful amenaunce. Himself, his state, his spouse, to them commended. Fletcher's Purple Island, xi, 9. AMENDABLE. Pleasant. That til oure lif is ful profitable. And to oure soule amendable. MS. Jshmole 60, f. 5. AMENDEN. A kind of oath. Suffolk. AMENDMENT. Dung or compost laid on land. Ketit. AMENDS. An addition put into the scale of a balance, to make just weight. See the Nomen- clator, p. 337. So the modern phrase, to make amends. AMENE. Pleasant ; consenting. (Lat.) Whan that mercy wolde have ben amcne, Rightwyssenesse gan hit anon denye. Lydgate, MS. Ashmole 39, f. 20. To thi servaunttis of grace now see. And to thi son befor hus amene. Tundale, p. 125, AMENGE. To mingle. We may perhaps read, " And menge it." Amenge it with gres of a swyne. Archaologia, xxx. 357. AMENNE. To amend. As we be wont, erborowe we crave, Your life to amenne Christ it save. Rom. of the Rose, 7496. AMENSE. Amends. To tell you the cause me semeth it no nede, The umeuse therof is far to call agayne. SItelton's fVorks, i. 226. AMENTE. Amend. But y leve synne, hyt wole me spylle ; Mercy, Jhesu ! y wole amente. MS. Cantab. Ft. ii. 38, f. 17. AMENUSE. To diminish ; to lessen. (A.-N.) See the Persones Tale, pp. 36, 38. His mercy is surmounting of foyson. Ever encreaseth without amemtsyng. Bochas, b. ii. c. 31. .\MEOS. The herb bishop's-weed. See Florio, in v. Ammi. AMERAL. An admiral, q. V. The word is very changeable in its orthography. In the Prompt. Parv. p. 1 1 , it occurs in the modern sense of admiral. The word ameralte in the following passage seems to mean the sovereignty of the sea. cherish marchandise and kepe the ameratte. That we be maisters of the narow see. MS. Soc. Antiq. 101, f. 50. AMERAWD. An emerald. An ameratcd was the stane. Richer saw I never nane. Ywaine and Gawtn, 361. His ston is the grene amerawdey To whom is joven many a lawde. Gower, MS. Soc. Antiq. 134, f. 201. AMERAWDES. The hemorrhoids. " A gud medcyue for the ajnerawdes^* is mentioned in MS. iiarl. 1600 and 1010. AMERCE. To puuish -nith a pecuniary pe- nalty ; to inflict a fine or forfeiture. Some- times, to punish, in general. See Romeo and Jtihet, ill. I, AMI 55 AMM And yf thou kanste not lete thi playntes be. Unlawful quarel oweih to ben amersed. Boetius, MS. Soc. Antiq. 134, f. 292. AMERCY. To amerce. (A.-N.) And though ye mowe amercy hem, Lat mercy be taxour. Piers Ploughman, p. 119. AMERE. Bitterly. So explained by Weber in the following passage, where the Lincoln's Inn MS. reads, *' and gan him beore." Stevenson considers it a noun, mischief, damagey a more likely interpretation. {A.-N.) Daiiadas, Daries brother, Hehadde y-slawe on and othir. Tauryn and Hardas he elowe with spare. With gweord ryden he dud amere ! In this strong fyghtyng cas. He mette with Dalmadae. Kj/ng Alisaunder, 4427* AMERELLE. The translation of umbraculum in the Canterbury MS. of the Medulla, See the Prompt. Parv. p. 301. The corresponding term in MS. Harl 2270 is " an umbrelle." AMERRE. To mai ; to spoil ; to destroy. See the Sevyn Sages, 2266, wrongly glossed by "Weber. {A.-S,) He ran with a drawe swerde To hys inamentrye, And all hys goddys ther he ameirede With greet envye. Octovian, 1307* That we beth ofte withinne, The soule woUeth amcrre. SIS.DighyBG. f. 128. Now thou hast, sir, allc y-herd Hou ich am bitreyd and amerd. Gy of Warwike, p. 1C5. AMERS. Embers. Yorksh, AMERVAILE. To marvel; to be surprised. Cf. Hardyng's Chronicle, ff. 73, 120 ; Gesta Romanorum, p. 392 ; SyT Degore, 932; Riche's Farewell to Militarie Profession, ed. 1581, sig. P. i. {A.-N.) And iwiftli seththe with swerdes swonge the! to-gider. That many were amervaih-d of here doujti dedes. niU. and the Werwolf, p. 139. Then spake Tundalc to tlic angyll bryght. For he was amerveld of that syght. Tundale, p. 54. The blsshopc wos amfrveid then. And in gret tho3t he stode. MS. Cantab. Ff. v. 48. f. 78. AMES-ACE. See Ambes-as. This is the form used by Shakespeare. See Collier's Sliakc- speare, iii. 241 ; Nares, in v. AMESE. To calm. ^^Amese you," calm your- self. This plirase is addressed by Anna to Ca\'phas in the Townley Myst. p. 194. AMET. An ant. {A.-S.) So thycke hli come, that the lond over al hil gonnc fulle, As thycke as ameten crcpcth In an amete huHc. Hob. iilouc. p. 29G. AMETISED. Destroyed. Skinner. AMEVED. Moved.' (^.-.V.) Cf. Chaucer, Cant. T. 8374 ; MS. Soc. Antiq. 134, f. 4. But, Lordc, howe he waw in his hertc omevid. Whan that Mary he Iialht- with chililc i-scyn. Lydgatc, MS. Mhmvle 39, f. 39. That grievaunce was hlin no thlngc life, He was ful Hore ameved. MS. Douce 175, p. 24. AM IAS. The city of Amiens. He ran anon, as he were wode, To Blalacoil there that he stode, Whlche had levlr In this caaa Have ben at Reints or Amiag. Romaunt of the Rn$e, 3826. AMICE. The amice or amite is the first of the sacerdotal vestments. It is, says Mr. M'ay, a piece of fine Unen, of an o])long square fonn, which was formerly worn on tlie head until the priest anived before the altar, and then thrown back upon the shoulders. See Prompt. Par\'. p. 11 ; Non'euclator, p. 159; Dugdale's Monast. iii. 295. The following quotation may also be found in an early printed fragment in Mr. Maitland's account of the Lambeth Lihran', p. 266. See Ammin. L^pon his heed the amyte first heleith, M'hich is a thing, a token and figure Outwardly shewinge and grounded in the feith ; The large awbe, by record of scripture, Vs rightwisnesse perpetuaiy to t-ndure; The loiige girdyl, cUnnesse and chaatitd; Boiinde on the arme, the fanoune dulh assure All soburuesse knytie with humilit*-. Lydffulv, MS. Hatfim 73, f. 3. AMIDWARD. In the middle. Cf. Kyng AUsaunder, 967 ; Richard Coer de Lion, 1926 ; Se\7n Sages, 179; Ellis's Met. Rom. iii. 29. He met that geaunt I'inogres Amidu-ard al his pres. Arthour ana Merlin, p. 301. AMILED. Enamelled. {A.-N.) See the note on this word in Warton's Hist. Engl. Poet. ii. 155. And with a bend of golde tassilcd, And knoppis fine of golde ami'cd, Rom. of the Rote, lORO. AMINISH. To diminish. Pahgrave. This is perhaps another fonn of ameiiusey q. v. AMIS, To miss; to fail. Aurelius, whiche that di»peirid is Whtthir he shall have his love, or amia, Chaucer, ed. Uny, p. 112. AMISS. A fault ; a misfortune. Shak. AM IT. To admit. And amyttivg the fmpossibilitie that their cataill were saved, yet in contynuaunce of one ycrc, the same cataill shalbe deade, distroyed, stolen, strayed, and eaten. State Papertt ii. 329. iVMITURE. Friendship. Thow, he saide,trayiotir, Yusturday thow come in amiture, Y-anned so on of niyiie. Me byhytide at my chyne, Smottst me with thy spere. hyng AlUaunder^ 3Sf7!}> AMLYNG. Ambling. Off ladys were they com ryde. Along under the wodys sydc. On fayre nmlyttg hors ysctl. MS, Canttih.Tf. 1.6, f. fi. AMMAT. A luncheon. West. AMMIS. The canonical vestment, hncd with fur, that sencd to cover the lie.id and shoul- ders. (Jrey fur was generally u fd. The word is sometimes spelt amicr, amgse, ammi/s, ammas, Ac. In French the omirf and aumucf, and in Latin the amictus and almucittm, cor- respond to the amice and ammin, as we have spelt them ; but it is a grave error to coi>foui:d the two, as .Mr. l)yce docs in his edition uf AMO 56 AMO Skelton, ii. 134. See also the quotations in Richardson, where, however, the terras are not distinguished; and Prompt. Parv. p. 11, where the distinction between the two is clearly seen; Palsgrave, f. 17; Lockliart's Life of Scott, i. 309. In the Prompt. Parv. we also have " amuce of an hare, almucium, habetur in horologio rlivinie sapientus." And hym moost lowly pray. In his mynde to comprise Those wordes his grace dyd saye Of anamnmsgray, Skellun's Worltl, ii. 84. AMNANT. Pleasantly (r)- See Syr Gawayne, "p. 31. Perhaps it should be avinant. AMNER. An almoner. Not an unusual form of the word. See Rutland Papers, p. 59; Wright's Monastic Letters, p. 49; Prompt. Parv. pp. 18, 19 ; Cotgrave, in v. Aumomier. A-MOD. Amidst; in the middle. Langtofi. AMOND. An almond. Mimhm. AMONESTE. To admonish; to advise. {A.-N.) Cf. Apology for the Lollards, p. 93; \V right's Christmas Carols, p. 31 ; Chaucer, ed. Urry, p. 201 ; MeUheus, p. 110. Bot of thas that he amonestes, the whilke er wonte for to thynke lyghtly the vengeance of God. MS. Coll. Eton. 10, f. 5. AMONESTEMENT. Ad\ice; admonition. Cf. Morte d'Arthiu-, ii. 279. The kyng amonestement herde : Quykliche thennes he ferde. Ki/ng Misaundevt 697"*. AMONGE. Amidst ; at intervals, Cf. Ellis's Met. Rom. ii. 387 ; Ritson's Anc. Pop. Poet, p. 44. Theplirase ever among, in Rom. of the Rose, 3771, and 2 Henry IV. v. 3, means ever from time to time, ever at intervals. Be it right or wrong, These men amonsi On women do complaine. Wiitbrowne Maid, i. And ever anirnige, mercy ! sche cryde. That he ne schulde his counselle hide. GvwKr, MS. Soc. Jutiii. 134, f. 59. Thai etcn and dronken right i-nowe. And made myrlh ever amonge : But of the sowdon speke we nowe, Howe of sorowe was tiis songe. Sir Ferttmbras, Middlehill MS. Sometyme thei schul be pyned longe With hete, and sometyme cold amottge. MS.^shmolett, f. 41. AMONSI. To excommunicate. {A.-S.) To entredile and /inttinxi Al thai, whatc hi evir he. That lafTul men doth robbi, Whate in lond, wliat in see. fri-ight'.^ Political Songs, p. 106. AMOTs'YE. An ointment wherewith the Egyp- tians used to embalm their dead bodies. See W'ickliffe's New Test. p. 251. AMOOST. Almost. ITesf. A-MORAGE. On the morrow. Roi. Glouc. AMORAYLE. An admiral, q. v. Two handled knyghtes withoute fayle, Fyve hundred o( amoroi/le. Richard Coer de Linn, 6846. AMORETTE. A love affair. (^.-A'^.) TjTwhitt says " an amorous woman" in the second of these instances, where it may be merely a di- minutive, as in Florio, in v. Amorino. Jamie- son explains it, love-knots, garlands. For not i-cladde in silke was he. But all in flourisand flourettes, I-paintid all with amorettes. Rom. of the Ruse, 892 For all so well well love be sette, Undir raggls as riche rotchette. And eke as well by amorettia In mourning blacke, as bright burnettes* Ibid. 4755. AMORILY. Perhaps, says Tyrwhitt, put by mistake for merily. The old glossaries ex- plain it " amorously." The seconde lesson Robin Redebrcste sang, Hail to the God and Goddes of our lay ! And to the lectorn amorily he sprang. Hail, quod he, O thou freshe seson of May. Courte 0/ Love, 1383. AMORIST. An amorous person. An amorist is a creature blasted or planet -stioken, and is the dog that leads blind Cupid. [1614, sig. e. .^ Wife, now the Widow of Sir Thomas Overbuif/, AMORT. Dejected ; without spurit ; dead. (Fr.) '* M*hat sweeting, all amort !" — Tam. of the Shrew, iv. 3. See Hawkins's Engl. Dram. iii. 358 ; Greene's Works, i. 146 ; Tarlton's Jests, app. p. 131 ; Euphues Golden Legacie, ap. Col- lier's Shak. Lib., p. 124. HoweU, in his Lexi- con, translates all-amort by triste, pensatif. A-MORTHERED. Murdered. See the Herald's College MS. of Robert of Gloucester, quoted in Heame's edition, p. 144. AMORTISEN. To amortize ; to give property in mortmain. {A.-N.) The word amortised occurs in the Persones Tale, p. 22, aud is ex- plained kitted in the glossaries. It may pos- sibly bear a figurative expression. Let mellerys and bakerys gadrc hem a gilde. And alle of assent make a fraternity, Undir the pillory a iitil chapelle bylde. The place amortey.^e, and purchase liberie. Lydgate^s Minor Poems, p. 207. If lewed men knewe this Latyn, Thei wolde loke whom thei yeve. And avisen hem bifore, A fyve dayes or sixe, Er thei amortisede to monkes Or chanons hir rente. Piers Ploughman, p. 314. AMORWE. In the morning; earlv in the morn- ing. Cf. Chancer, Cant.^T. 824, 2491 ; Rob. Glouc. p. 159. Knight, heseyd, yeld thebylive. For thou art giled, so mot y thrive ! Now ichave a-drink, Icham as fresche as ich was nmorwe. Gy of fVarwike, p. 324. Amorue syr Amys dyght him ;are. And toke his leve for to fare. MS. Dotice 326, f. 6. AMORYG. Explained by Hearne " to-morrow," Rob. Glouc. p. 234 ; but the Herald's College MS. reads "among," which clearly seems to be the right reading. AMOUNTE. Smeared ? Mr. Wright thinks it mav be an error of the scribe for anointe. AMP 57 AMY And I will goe galther slyche. The shippe for to caiiike and pyche ; ^mounte yt mustc be with stiche, Borde, tree, and pynne. Chester Plays, i. 47- AMOUNTMENT. Ucfkoning. Examcnd tham and cast ilk amountmfnl. Pflcr Ijangtoft, p 248. AMOVE. To move. Cf. Da^-ies's York Records, p. 85 ; Chaucer, ed. Urry, p. 364. To Flaundres she fled then, full sorcnmoM'd, To crle Badwyn hir rousyn nie of bloodde. Harriijng'i. Chronirle, f. 122. AMOWNE. Gentleness. See an old document printed in Meyrick's Critical Enqnin-, ii. 252. AJIOWRE. Love. See Flor. and Blanch. 524 ; Hall, Edward IV. f. 11 i Cov. Myst. p. 50. The term amours, intrigues, was introduced into England in the seventeenth centur>-, according to Skinner. He luked up unto the toure. And merily sang he of amowre. Sevyn Sages, 2062. AMPER. A sort of inflamed swelling. Ea.il. "jimpered, corruyitcA, as ampred dices in Kent ; an aniper or anipor in Essex, is a rising scab or sore.allsQ avein swelled with corrupted hloud." Kennett, MS. Laiisd. 1033. Skinner also ap- pro|iriates it to Essex, but Grose to Kent, who explains it, a " fatdt , a def ect, a flaw," and Ray gives it as a Sussex word, " a fault or flaw- in linnen, or woollen cloath." A person covered with pimples is said in Somersetshire to be ampery, while the same word is used in the Eastern counties in the sense of weak, or un- healthy. Ampred or ampery is now ai)plied to cheese beginning to decay, especially in Sus- sex ; and is sometimes used when speaking of decayed teeth. An ampre-ang is said in the glossaries to be a decayed tooth in East Sus- sex and Kent. AMPERESSE. An empress. The nexte jcr therafter, the amjierense Mold Wendc out of this live, as the boe ath i-told. Rub. olMu. p. 474. AMPERSAND. The character &, representing the conjimction awl. It is a corruption of and per se, and. The expression is, or rather was, common in our nursery books. In Hamp- shire it is pronoiuiced amperzed, and verj- often amperse-and. An early instance of its use is quoted in Strutt's Sports and Pas- times, p. 3119. AMPIllliOLOGICAI.. Amliignous. This word occurs in Greene's Planetomachia, 1588. Rider, 1640, has " amphibologie," and so has Chaiicer, Troihis and Crescide, iv. 1406. AMl'l.i:. (1) Togo. Apparently a corruption of amble. See Watson's Halifax vocab. in v. North. (2) Liberal ; generous. Shak. AMPLECT. To embrace. (l.at.) with how fervent heart «hould we profligate and chase away sin 1 With how valiant ci.utage should wi- ampler! anil embrace v Irtne ! lU-a>i\'n IVorbs, p. (iti. AMI'OI^Y. Same as rim/mlli; cj. v. AMl'OT. A hamper. Salop. AMl'TE. An ant. " Serp/tn.i, a liltell bcaste, not unlike an ampt or pismerc." — Cuoper. Calcicatres a graver most notable, Of white Ivory he dide his besynesse* His hande, his eye, so just was and stable. Of an ample to grave out the lyknesse. Lijdgnte'e Minor Poems, p. 88. Bote as the ample to eschewe ydulnesse In somer is so ful of bysynesse. MS. C«/(. S. Joh. Oion. 6, f. 2. AMPTY. Empty. In o gemiT that amply was, Amorwe by foundeand noma Two hondred sak ful of guod whete, Thej nyste whannes yt come. hlX. Coll. Trin. Oxon. !,-, I. :i My amptt/ skj-n begynneth to tremble and quake. UH. Soc. jintiq. 134, f. 28.';. AMPULLE. A small vessel. {A.-N.) A boUe and a bapge He bar by his syde, And hundred ofumpulles On his hat seten. Piers Plougtman, p. 100. Late it stande in that l)acyne a daye and a nyghle. and do thane that other that sUndis abovcne in a ampuUe of glase or coper. MS. Lincoln. Med. f. 283. AMUELL. An admiral. Whan he herde tell That my XoTiWamnell Was comyng downe. To make hym frowne. Skelton's n'orlcs, ii. 60. AMSEL. A blackbird. Var. dial. AMSEREY'. A consistory court. Thow fals boyc, seyde the freyre, Y somon the affore the amserev. The Frere and the Bop, Ixv. AMSOTE. A fool. Prompt. Pam. [Anisote?] AMTY. Empty. Ami!/ place he made aboute, and folc fieu hym faste ; A wonder maister he was on, that hem so kowthe ag.iste. Rob. Clouc. p. 17. W'ilh nailes thirkc al abrod, Ase thare mitten strikie one, That m.in nemijtcfinde ane nmric place On al heore bodie so luyte. MS. Laud. 108, f. 99. AMUD. Annoyed ; repulsed. So explained by Ilearne, in Rob. Clone, p. 524. who suggests annid w ith great probability. AMUSED. Amazed. Let not my lord be amused, Ben Jorison, ili. 131. AMWOAST. Almost. Wilts. In the North, the form of this word is sometimes amyasl. AMY. A friend ; a lover. (A.-N.) Cf. Kyog AUsaumler, 376, 520, 1834. But con olde knyjt that hyght Gryssy, He Icfte at home for hys amy. M.-i. Cantab. Ff. II. 38, f. 111. What Is thi name, thou swete amy f Gladly wite therof wolde I. {■|i, .i.r Mundi. MS. Coll. Trin. Cantab, f. 123. Ther was mani Icvdl That sore biwepc her ami. ^rtdoiir and Merlin, p. i5«. AMYD. Amidst. In the Deposition of Richard II. p. 1, wc have amyddis in the same sense. ^myd the laimde « cartel he«ye. Noble and ryche. ryght wonder hie. Sir Orpheo, 341. AMYDON. According to Cotgrave, " (inc wheat- flower steeped in water ; then strained, and let stand untill it settle at the boltome ; then drained of the water, and dried at the sujine j 4* ANA 58 ANA ■i& used fur bread, or in brothes, it is very nou- rishing ; also, starcli made of wheat." It is mentioned in an old receipt in the Forme of Cur)-, p. 26; Warner's Antiq. Culin. p. 10. .\MYL. Starch. of wheate is made amt/l, the making whereof Cato and Dioscorides teacherh. Goose's Uuabandiie, 1568. AMYLLIER. An almond-tree. The briddes in blossoms the! beeren wel loude On olyves, and amj/Uierg, and al kynde of trees. T/ie Putilt of Susan, St. 7. .\MYRID. Assisted ; remedied. (J.-N.) To help the with my power, thow shalt be amyHd As ferforth as I may. Chaucer, erf. Vrry, p. 617. AMYTTE. To approach. {A.-S.) Any science that is trouthe, Y shal ammte me ther-to. MS. Harl. 2382, f. 119. AN. (1) A. The king of Spayue and his sones, and here semli puple. Went with him on gate wel an five myle. mn. and the Werifo!/, p. 184 . (2) On. Cf. Piers Ploughman, p. 2 ; Rob. Glouc. p. 3 ; Chaucer, Cant. T. 11161 ; Rom. of the Rose, 2270; SirEglamour, 906. Wanne Gy was armed and wel an horce. Than spronf. up is herte. MS. Ashniole 33, f. 40. Thou olde and for-hor>-d man, Welle lytuUe wytt ys the an. That thou folowest owre kynge. MS. Cantub. Ff. il. 38, f. 219. Sche no told him nought al her cas. Dot that sche was a wriclie wiman, That michel sorwe so was an. Gy of Waru ike, p. 170. (3) Prefixed to a verb, in the same manner as J, q. V. See instances in Virgilius, ed. Thorns, p. 13 ; Matthew, iv. 2 ; Pegge's .\necdotes of the EngUsh Language, p. 180; Prompt. Parv. p. 172. (4) Than. North and East. (5) If. Sometimes a contraction of and before «/; where it occasionally means as if, (Xlids. Night's Dream, i. 2,) and it is sometimes re- dundant, especially in the provincial dialects. (6) And. This sense is not uncommon. See Jennings, p. 118; Octovian, 1078. For they nolde not forsake here trw fay, An byleve on hys falsse lay. Const, of Masonry, p. 31. (7) To give. {J.-S.) Sometimes as umwn in the primary- sense, to favour, to wish well to ; as in Sir Tristrem, p. 173. See Qu. Rev. Iv. 372; Sir Tristrem, pp. 168, 264. (8) A dwelling. So wele were that like man. That mijte wonnen in that an. rior. and Blanch. 258. (9) To have. Lane. (10) One. North. Cf. Chester Plays, i. 233, 238; Sir Tristrem, p. 150. . And but an y;e Amonge he.n thre in purpertye. Gower, MS. Sm. .inliq. 134, f. 41. ANA. In an equal quantitj-. Still used by physicians. Tak 5arow and waybrede ana, and stampe thame, and temper thame with wyne or ale, and glffit the seke at drynke. MS. Lincaln. Med. f. 293. ANACK. Fine oaten bread. Also with this small meale, oatemeale Is made in divers countries sixe severall kindes of very good and wholesome bread, every one finer then other, as your anacks, janacks, and such like. Markham's English House-wife, 1649, p. 240. AN.\DEM. A wreath ; achaplet ; a garland. And for their nymphals, building amorous bowers, Oft drest this tree with anadems of flowers. Drayton's Owt, ed. 1748. p. 411. ANADESM. A band to tie up wounds. Minsheu. ANAGNOSTIAN. A cm-ate that ser^eth onely to reade, or a clarke or scoUcr that readeth to a writer or his master. Minsheu. ANAIRMIT. Armed. Gaw. AN ALE M. A mathematical instrument for finding the course and elevation of the sun. Minsheu. .\N-ALL. Also. A Yorkshire phrase, the use and force of whijh are correctly exhibited in tlie following stanza : Paul fell down astounded, and only not dead. For Death was not quite within call : Recovering, he foun 1 himself in a warm bed. And in a warm fever an-all. Hunter's HaUamsh. Gloss, p. 4. .iN.\LY'NG. Weber thinks this may be a cor- ruption of annihilating, i. e. killing. See Kyng AUsaunder, 2166, " anali/ng of stronge knighttes," but we should no donlit read avalyng, descending from or faUing off their horses. AN.UIELDE. Enamelled. Cf. Tundale, p. 64 ; Warton's Hist. Engl. Poet. ii. 42. Thay were annmelde with asure. With terepysand with Iredoure. Sir Degrevanir, Lincoln MS. f. 133. ANAMET. A luncheon. Hants. AN.V.MOURD. Enamoured. Cf. Emare, 220. A grete mayster and a syre Was anamourd so on hjTe .1/5. Harl. 1701, f. 54. Al anamourd on him thai wus:hman, p. 363. (2) Used redundantly in old ballads. Robin Hood he was, and a tall young man. And fifteen winters old. Rofiin Hood, ii. 12. (3) Breath. See .-iajule. (Isl.) Myn ees are woren bothe marke and blynd, Myn and is short, I want wyiide. Thus has age dystroed my kynd. TowiteJey Mystei-ies, p 154. Thai rested than a litel stound, For to tak thair andf^ tham till. And that was with thair bother will, Ywaine and Gawin, 3555. Ryghte es it by prayere als by draweyng of andf, for ever to jcmyng of oure bodily lyfe us nedis to drawe ouretiMrfe, that es, to draweayere. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 250. AN'D-AW. Also; likemse. North. ANDEDE. (1) Indeed. So explained by Heame ; but see Rob. Glouc. p. 320, where it is " an dede/' i. e. a deed. (2) Confessed. Versfegan. ANDELONG. Lengthways. (^.-5.) Andelong, nouht overthwert, His nose went unto the stert. Havelok, ^Sm. ANDERSMAS. The mass or festival of St. An- drew. Yorksh. ANDERSMEAT. An afternoon's luncheon. Cf. Florio in v. Mercnda. See also Aunder. ANDESITH. Pre\'iously. {A.-S.) Affrik that es the tother parti, That andesith was cald Libi. 3/S. Cott. fespas. A. iii. f. 13. ANDIRONS. The ornamental irons on each side of the hearth in old houses, which were accompanied with small rests for the ends of the logs. The latter were sometimes called dof/s, but the term andirons frequently included both, as in the proverb recorded by Howell, " Bauds and attorneyes, like andt/roiui, the one holds the sticks, the other their clients, till they consume." Mr. J. G. Nichols, glossary* to the Unton Inventories, considers the dogs to be synonymous with the creepers, q. v. but the term was also applied to part of the and- irons, and the latter are still called andogs in the Western counties. We find in Ducauge, *' andena est ferrum, supra quod opponuntur ligna in igne, quod alio nomine dicitur hyper- pyrgium ;" and Miege makes the andiron and dog synon\Tnous. The andirons were some- times made of superior metal, or gilt, and of very large dimensions. See Malone's Shake- speare, xiii. 85 ; Reliq. Antiq. ii. 84 ; Halle of John Halle, i. 600 ; The Alchemist, v. 1. ANDULEES. Puddings made of hog's guts and spice. They are mentioned in an old MS. printed iu the Archseologia, xiii. 371, 388. ANDUR. Either. {Dan.) Thow 1 me to tuwnward drawe, Andur to lurke or to leyke, The wyves wil out me drawe. And dere me with her doggus grete. MS. Ointab. Ff. v. 48, f. Uf!. ANDYRS. other. {A.~S.) The more usual form is endres, as in the Lincoln MS. f. 149. See a similar phrase in Sharp's Coventry Myst. p. 113. Jamieson explains it St. Andrew's day, the 30th of November ; but it is dithcult to reconcile this explanation %\-ith the *' mery morn\Tig oi May.'' As I me went this andyrs day. Fast on my way makyng my roone. In a mery mornyng of May, Be Huntley bankes myself alone. MS. Cmitnb. Ff. v. 48, f. 116. ANE. (1) A bea^d of corn. See an account of different kinds of wheat, and the ones, in Fit/.harbert's Booke of Husbandrie, ed. 1598, p. 22. See Aane. (2) One; a. Cf. Hartshome's Met. Tales, p. 47; Cokwold's Daunce, 194; Ritsoa's Anc. Songs, p. 23. The kyng of Charturs was tane. And other Sarsyns many ane. MS. Cniitab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 168. Thay faht wiht H-iraud everilk ane, Wiht gud wil thay wald him slane. Gill/ of fVanttvk, Middlehill MS. And souner to many then to nne. That here hath the rijt troiithe tane. MS. Bodl.AS, f.57. Thus was Thow aye and everc salle be, Thre yn ane, and ane yn thre. MS. Lincoln \.i. 17, f. 189. (3) Alone. " Bi hj-me ane," by himself. And he lighte oflfhis horse, and went bi hymeane to the Jewes, and knelid downe to the erthe, and wjrchippede the hye name of Godd. Life of Ale^tander, MS. Lincoln, f. G. (4) A. See n". 2. Alas ! thou sell Fraunce, for the may thunche shome, That ajie fewe fullaris maketh ou so tome. IVHght'a PuUdcal Songs, p. 194. (5) Own. North. (6) To aim at. Somerset. (7) On. The heade and armes hangynge on the one syde of the horse, and the legges or^e the other syde, end all byspryncled wyth myre and bloude. Hal/, Richard lU. f 34. ANEAOUST. Near to; almost. Herefordsh. ANEAR. (l)Near. Somerset. Richardson quotes an example of this word from Bishop Atter- bury. Let. 50. (2) To approach. I hyre say that all men that wylbe swome unto hym, they shall take noo hurte by hym, ne by none that is toward hym ; by meaiies wht-reof diverse hus- bandmen aneryth unto hym, for fere of lostys of ther goodes. State Papers, ii. 2(H». ANEARST. Near. Exmoor. The more com- mon Somersetshire form is aneast. Nares says aneirst, a proWncial term {or the nearest wag. See his Gloss, in v. An~heirs. ANEATH. Beneath. North. ANE-BAK. Aback. Gaw. ANEDE. United; made one. At f. 227 of the ANE Lincoln MS. anede is given as the translation of rnhabitavit. We may noghte hafe the vis of his luf here in ful- filling, bot we may hafe a desyre and a Rret ^emyng for to be present to hym for to se hym in his biysse, aod to l)e anede to hym in lufe. MS. Lincu/n A. i. 17, f. 226. ANE-END. Upright ; not l>ing down ; on oiifi end. When apphed to a four-footed animal, it means rearing, or what the heralds call ram- pant. Var. dial. In Cheshire, it signifies per- petually, evermore. In some glossaries the or- thography is aiiind. Cotgrave has " to make one's haire stand annend," in v. Ahurir, Dresser. ANEHEDE. Unity. For GoJ wald ay with the Fader and the Son, And with the Haly Cast in anehede won. MS. Hart. 4196. f. 215 Dere frende, wit thou wcle that the ende and the 8overaynt<^of perfeccione standes in a verray tiiiehede of Godd and of manes saule, by perfyte charyte. MS.LiJicoln A.i. 17. f. 219. ANELACE. A kind of knife or dagger, usually worn at the girdle. It is mentioned by Matt. Paris, who seems to say it was for- bidden priests to wear. See Ducange, in v. Anelacius ; Halle of John Halle, i. 212. At sessions ther was he lord and >irc ; Ful often time he was knight of the shire. An anelace and a gipciere all of silk Heng at his girdel, white as morwe milk. Chaucer, Cant. T. 359. Sche schare a-to hur own halse Wyth an analasie. MS Canlab. Ff li. 38, f. 94. Bot Arthur with anc anlace egerly smyttez, Aud hittez ever In the hulke up to the Iiiltrz. Morte Jrthure, MS. Linc.li,, t. 65. ANELAVE. To gape. Tliis word occurs in an old vocabulary in MS. Harl. 219 of the fif- teenth century, as the translation of the French verb " beer." ANELE. (1) To anoint with holy oil. Cf. Prompt. Parv. p. 11 ; Wright's Monastic Let- ters, p. 34. See Aneling. (2) To temper in the fire. Cf. Ashmole's Tlieat. Chem. Brit. p. 96 j Barct's Alvearie, in v. So as the fyre It hath anelid, Liche unto slym whiche is congeled. Cower, MS. Sue. Aniiq. 134, f. 194. ANELEDE. Approached. {A.-S.) Bothe wyth buUcz and berez.and borezotherquyle, .\nd etaynez, that hym arielcde, of the heje felle. Sj/r Cawaj/ne, p. 28. ANELING. (1) An animal that brings forth one young at a time. Their ewes also are no full of Increase, that some dos uEuallie bring fnorth two, three, or foure lambes at oncL, whereby they account our anelinfin, which are such as bring I'oorth but one at once, rather bar- ren than to be kept for anie galne. H.ir( r»..n'. D«c. c/flri(. p. 42. (2) The sacrament of anointing. Cf. Sir T. More's Works, p. 31.5; Hrit. liibl. ii. 532. These clcrkys kalle hytnyiianient, On Englys hyt ys anelyng. MS. Hart. 1701, f. "4. ANELY. Only ; alone ; solitary. And thiit It b.- fur ch.tstiing ^nely, and fur none other thing. MS.Cvlt. Galbd E. ll. f. 70. 61 ANE Wharforeonr levedy maydcn Mary Was in pryv6 place anely. MS. Btbl. Coll. Swn. xvlll. 6. So aneli/ the lufe of hir was soghtc, To dede thay were nere dyghte. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. I IB. Worldcs men that sees haly men have thalrc hope anelt/ In thyug that es noght in sight. MS. Coll. Eton. 10,f.4l). Sir, je lif ana«^j/life. We wald 50W rede to wed a wife. MS. Coll. Calba E. Ix. f. 23. ANELYNES. Solitariness. Noghte in delytes, bot in penance ; noghte in wantone joyeynge, bot in bytter gretynge; noghte emange many, bot In anelynes. MS. Lincoln A 1. 17, 1. 193. .ANEMIS. Lest. Ray, under the word spar, says, " This word is also used in Norfolk, where they say spar the door anemis he come.i. e. shut the door lest he come in." It does not appear that this word is still in use. ANEMPST. With respect to ; concerning. See Wright's Monastic Letters, p. 107; Rutland Papers, pp. 5, 11, where it is used in the same sense as anenst, q. v. And wee humbly beseech your hlghnes wee may knowe your Ur;tccs pleasure howe wee shall order ourselves anempal your gracessayd cytie and cistell, for our ilischarge. Slate Pape: s, ii. 204. In the tothcr seven bene Anciniites our neyhebour, y wene. MS. Ili,dl. 48, f. 63. AN-END. Onwards; towards the end. A Norfolk clown calls to his companion " to go an-end," when lie wants him to go for\vard. See the Two Gent, of Verona, iv. 4. In some counties we have the expression " to go right an-etid," i. e. to go straight forward witlioiit delay in any project. ANEN'dIE. 'Tofinisli. [Amendic.'] And thcne at then ende. Here sunneu al anendie. MS. Di^by 86, f. 128. ANENS. Chains ; fetters. Now er his at, ens wrouht of sllvere welc over gUt ; Dayet that therof roulit, his was allc thi- gilt. Peter iMnglo/t, p. 167. ANENST. Against; opposite to; over against. " Kr opposite ecclesite, Anglice, tinetui tlic cherche."— MS. Bib. Reg. 12 B i. f. 84. It is also used in the sense of conceminij. Sec Plumpton Correspondence, pp. 7, 1 7'- ; Apo- logy for the Lollards, pp. 29, 80 ; Wright's Monastic Letters, p. 54 ; Florio, in v. .Irantla a rinda ; Maundevile's Travels, p. 298. Tak thane and mye it smalle, and do it alle to- gcdir. and mak it In a playstcr, and lay It one thi brestc tinente thi hcrt. .IIS. .Vedicir.. Calll. Line f. 289. ANENT. Over against; immediately opposite. Watson says it is common in Halifax to hear the expression opposite anent. Ibe Scotli^h meaning concerning does not appear to be now used in Yorkshire. Anintis occurs in Uelii|. Anti(|. ii. 4 7, in the sense of concerning ; and in Haidyng's Chronicle, f. 170, in the sense of against. See alM> Wicklille's New Test. p. '23 ; Plumpton Corresp. p. 77. of that duun-cast wc moy bl chaunce Ancnl tills world get covcrnunce. Cun./i Mundi, MS. Canlab. t. Ui. ANE 62 ANG Abstinence is tiian ryght clere cnent/ete God. MS. Harl. 6580. ANEOUST. Near ; almost. Vnr. dial. ANERDIS. Adheres ; dwells with. Gaw. ANERLUD. Adorned? With miche and nevyn, Aiiolud witti ermyn. MS. Cantab. Ff. I. 6, f. B4. ANERN. See Kyng AUsaimder, 560, where Weher conjectures anon, doubting whether it should not be an em, i. e. an eagle. ANERRE. To draw near to ; to approach. See Anear. As long as the gale puffeth full in your sailes. doubt not but diverse *ill anerre unto you, and feed on you as Crowes on carion. Stanihurst*s His', of lyetand, p. 90. ANERTHE. On the earth. Cf. Rob. Glouc. pp. 311, -141 -, Black's Cat. of .4shmol. MSS. col. 67 ; St. Brandan, p. 3. After that God anertlie com Aboutc vif hondred 5ere. MS. Aahmnte 43, f. 172. ANES. (1) Justlikej similarto. Somerset. In the same county we have anes-to, almost, ex- cept, all but. (2) Once. Cf. Ywaine and Gawin, 292 ; Reliq. Antiq. ii. 280. Stili used in the North. For why thay dide the bot ajies that dede. And they linuKc the noghte Gode in manhede. .MS. Lincoln ,\. i. 17. f. 190. .\NES.\L. A term in hawking. See a tract on the subject in Reliq. .Vntiq. i. 299. ANET. The herb dill. See a receipt in MS. Med. Cath. Line. f. 286 ; Minsheu, in v. .VNETHE. Scarcely. The more usual form is mmethe, but aneihys occurs in Prompt. Parv. p. 12. {.i.-S.) Som dansed so long. Tell they helde owt the townge, Andanethe meyt hepe. Frereandthe Boi/, St Ixxxi. But if Mars hathe be with the lune or mercury of sol, it shall beagret infirmyt^, and ancfAc heshalle speke. MS. Bodl. 591. ANETHER. To depress. See a passage in the Heralds' College MS. quoted by Hearne, p. 46. In thys half there were asLiwe the noble men and hende, SyreLyger due of Babyloyne, and another due al-so, And the erl of .Salesbury, and of Cyceslre therto ; And also the erl of Bathe, so that thoTu thys cas The compaynye a theih^K muche anetherf;d was. Rub. Glouc p. 217. ANEUST. Much the same. Grose gives the Gloucestershire phrase, " aneust of an aneust- 71CSS,'* corresponthug to the more common " much of a muchness." though the a is gene- rally dropped. Florio has " .{rente, anenst, mieiiJtt, very neere unto ;" and Grose says in Berkshire it has the sense of " about the matter, nearly." In an old grammatical tract in MS. Bib. Reg. 12 B. i. {. 82, is "Quantum ad hoc, Antjlice, aneitsf that." ANEW. (1) To renew. Cf. Depos. of Richard II. p. 15. Thanne come the tothir ij. kyn^is, and toke his body, and anewed it with bysshopys clothis and kyngis oniamentes, and bare hym to this tombe, and with grete devocioun leyde hym therynnc. MS. Harl. 1704. T;ik May butter and comyne, and stampe thame samene, and laye iton lyve, and thane laye it on the eghe, and ofte oneioe it. MS. Lincoln. Med. f. 284. (2) Enough. Var. dial. Takejws of rubarbeful aney, And as raekyl of eysyl, I the sey. ArchiBohj^ia, XXX. 353. ANEYS. Aniseed. Thenne messe it forth, and florissh it with aney.* in confyt rede other whyt. Foi-me of Cuyy , p. 2G. ANFALD. Single ; one. {.i.-S.) Therfor is hecald Trinity, For he es anfald Godd in thre. MS Coll. Veapat. A. iii. f. 3. .\NFELDTYHDE. A simple accusation. (J.-S.) See Bromton's Chronicle, quoted by Skinner in V. ANG. Thehairy part of an ear of barley. North. Probably a corruption of atvn. ANGARD.' Arrogant. (J.-N.) The following is quoted in the glossary to Syr Caw.inie. "rhire athils of Atenes, ther ans^ard clerkis, Than reverenst thai the riche seele, and red over the pisUlle. MS. .Ishmoh 44, f. 40. ANGEL. (1) A gold coin, varjing in value from about six shilbngs and cightpence to ten shil- lings ; atfording a subject for many a wretched jiun to Shakespeare and his contemporaries. It was introduced by Edward IV. in the early part of his reign. See Da\'ies's Y'ork Records, p. 168. It is used in the primitive sense of a messenger, in Tam. of the Shrew, iv. 2. "There spake an angel," an old proverbial expression. See Sir Thomas More, p. 6. (2) An angular opening in a builihiig. See Willis's Architectural Nomenclature, p. 52. ANGEL-BED. A kind of open bed, without bed-posts. Phillips. ANGEL-BREAD. A kind of purgative cake, made principally of spurge, ginger, flour, and oatmeal. A receipt for it is given in an old MS. of receipts in Lincoln Cathedral, f. 291. .ANGELIC.\. A species of masterwort. See Gerard, ed. Johnson, p. 999, and the Nomen- clator, 1585, p. 128. And as they walke, the virgins strow the way With costmary and sweete ani^f/ica. Hei/rcmiCs Mari-inge Triumph, 1G13. ANGELICAL-STONE. A kind of alchemical stone, mentioned by Ashmole, in his Pro- legomena to the Theat. Chem. Brit. 1652. Howell inserts angelical-water in the list of perfumes appended to his Lexicon, sect. 32. .\NGELICK. Dr. Dee informs us in .MS. Ashmole 1790, that his magical works are " written in the angelick language." i. e. the language of spirits ; and they are certainly most incomprehensible documents. ANGELOT. (1) A small cheese brought from Normandy, and supposed by Skinner to have been originally so called from the maker's name. Your angelots of Brie, Your Marsolini, and Parmasan of Lodi. The Wits, iv. 1. (2) A gold coin of the value of half an augel, current when Paris was in possession of the Eughsh. ANG 63 AMI ANGEL'S-FOOD. Apparently a cant term for heavy ale. See a curious account in Harrison's Description of England, p. 202. ANGER. Sorrow. (J.-S.) It is both a substan- tive and a verb. Cf. Erie of Tolous, 914; Promjit. Parv. p. 12 ; Towneley Myst. p. 99 ; Will, and the Werwolf, p. 21. Than saytl the lady fayre and free. If je be angrerie for the lulfe of race. It greves me woiidir s^are. MS. Lincoln A. 1. 17, f. 139. And as thay went one this wyse with grete angere and disese, aboutc the elleved houre they saw a litille Ijatc in the rivere made of rede, and mene rowande therin. Life nf AUnander, MS. Lincoln, t. 28. ANGERICH. Angrily. And angerich I wandrede The Augtyns to prove. Piera Ploughman, p. 4G6. ANGERLY. Angrily. Shai. ANGILD. A fine. Skinner. ANGIRLICHE. Angrily. But for that he with angir wroujte. His angris angirliche he iKjujte. Cuer, MS. S,c Aniig. 134, f. 86. ANGLE. (1) A corner. Go, run, search, pry in every nook and angle of the kitehens, larders, and pastries. T*e tVoman Baler, i. 2. {2) An astrological term appUed to certain houses of a scheme or figure of the heavens. ANGLE-BERRY. A sore, or kind of hang-nail under the claw or hoof of an animal. North. See Kennett's Glossarv, MS. Lansd. 1033. ANGLE-BOWING. A 'method of fencing the grounds wherein sheep are kept by fixing rods like bows with both ends in tlie ground, or in a dead hedge, where they make angles with each other. See the E.xmoor Scolding, p. 9. ANGLEDOG. A large earthworm, yjwon. The older word is anyle-twitch, as in MS. Sloane 3548, f. 99, quoted in Prompt. Parv. p. 279. In Stanbrigii Vocabula, 1615, lumbricvs is translated by angle-lonch ; and they are called twfyanylys in Arcba;ologia, x-vx. 376. For hcnowys that be kutt. Take oltf/gtvyltwdchye, and put them in oylc olyff smale ehoppyd, and than ley tlierofin the wownde, and so let it ly iij. or iiij. dayys. Middkhill MS. !. \i. ANGLER. One who begs in the daytime, ob- serving what he can «i 'al at night. A cant term. See Dotlsley's Old Plays, vi. 109. ANGLET. A Utile corner. (/>.) Cotgrave Anglicises it in v. Anyiet. ANG.NAIL. A Cumberland word, according to Grose, for a corn on the toe. Lye says, " Northamiitonicusibus est clavus pedum, gi- niursa, pterugium." See Ayttail, which Howell explains *' a sore between tlie finger and nail." ANGOUKR. A kind of large and long pear. J/ic/. liiist. ANGORAS. An anchorite. And lever he had, as they trowedon ychon. To syttc upon a matte of the angoran. Cliron. I'ilodun. p. 35. ANGROMED. Grieved; tormented. {A.-S.) Antl mi gnit angromett is over smcrt, In me lo-dreved is inl hert. MS. D':ill. 425, f. m. ANGRY. Painfid; inflamed ; smarting. FoiLy says " painfully inflamed," and applies it to kibes, as llorio does, in v. Pediymmi. It is the gloss of the L.itin molestus in Reliq. Antiq. i. 8 ; and it seems to be used in a somewhat simi- lar sense in Julius Ctesar, i. 2. In a collection of old MS. reci])es, in Lincoln Cathedral, is one for onycr in the liver, f. 305, meaning of course inflammation. See the example quoted tmder Thonwange ; and Piers Plough- man, p. 266. ANGRY-BOYS. A set of youths mentioned by some of our early dramatists as delighting to commit outrages, and get into quarrels. See the Alchemist, iii. 4. Get thee another nose, that will be pull'd Off by the angry bone for thy conversion. Scornful hadij, iv. ?. ANGUELLES. A kind of worms, mentioned by early writers, as bciiig troublesome to s:(k hawks. In MS. llarl. 2340 is given an r:c- count of a metlecine *' for wormys called «h- yuellcs ;" and another may be found in the Book of St. Albans, ed. 1810, sig. C. iii. See also Reliq. Antiq. i. 301. {Lai.) ANGUISIIors. In iiain ; in anguish. Wick- Uffe used it as a verb. New Test. p. 141. 1 was buthe an^'Ui.t/iotM and Iroubte For the perlll that I sawe double. liom. of the Rose, 1/55. My wordes to here, Tliat bought hym derc. On iTos.se anguijously. New yotborune Mapft. For hure is herte was angwischise. MS. Aehmble 33, f. .1. Htrhaud to nim angtiuous thai were. ti> of Warwike, p. 75. ANGUSSE. Anguish. Whan he schal with thcbotli dcye, That in strong atigttsse doth smurte. H'right'a Fop. Treat, on Science, p. UO. ANIIANSE. To raise ; to advance ; to exalt. The holi rode was 1-foundc, as jc witcth, in May, And anhanged was in Septi>nibrc> the holi rode day. MS. jlshnif.le A3, L 68. llye noil to anhansy us ullc, and y nclle no;t bv byhyndf. It-h. Glvuc. jt. 198. And of my fortune, sooth it is ceriejne That wondfr bmnrtly hath rchc me anhauutid. Boetiuf, JUS. Soc. Antitj. 134, f. 2!i;i. For crh man t)i;it him anhatitfz here, I-h)wi-d hcKchril beo. MS. I^iud. 108, f. Z. The mete that thei etc ys alle forlore. On the galwys Ihcy schold atihaunse, MS. Cantab. Pf. I. G. f. IM. AN-IIEH. Aloud. In the third cxamjile it ap- part'iitly means on fnyh, as in Knh, Glonc. pp. 202, :il 1 ; Piers riuuglinian, p. 8. Tht-r ftont up a jcolumen, jcjeth with a jcr/./'* Vut. fy.n^t, p. KW. ThiN bdycs song tho Tf Deum an-hri^,-, And the textent rong tho the belle. CV«n (^.-S.) And told ticm thin vilnnie. And teyd he wold horn anhrigfur. Artfwurand Merlin, p. titf. AXI 64 ANN AN-HEIRES. The Host of the Garter, in the Merrj' Wives of Windsor, ii. 1, addressing Page and Shallow, says, " Will you go, an-heires !" So the folios read, and no sense can be made of the expression as it there stands. A similar passage in tlie quartos is, " here boys, shall we wag ? shall we wag ?" but it occurs in an- other part of the play, although Shallow's answer is the same. Sir T. Hanmer makes German of it, in which he is followed by Mr. Knight. In proposing a bold conjectural emendation, the general style of language em- ployed by the Host must be considered. Thus in act iii. sc. 2, he says " Farewell, my hearts," a method of expression also used by Bottom, " Wliere are these hearts ?" Mids. Night's Dream, iv. 2. See another instance in Clarke's Pliraseologia Puerilis, 1655, p. 109. In pro- posing to read, " Will you go, my hearts /" we approach as near the original as most of the proposed emendations ; or, perhaps, as Steevens jtroposes, " Will you go on, hearts ?" Perhajis however, Mr. Collier has pursued the wisest course in leaving it as it stands in the old copies. AN'HERITED. Inherited.' The cil6 of Aeon, that in this contr^ is clepid Akres, flitrishede aoct stode i.i his vertue, joy, and properit^, .ind was anherited richely with worshipfull prinets and lordes. MS. Hurl. 1704. AN-HOND. In hand, i. e. in his power. Me to wreken ye scliul go Of .-i treytour that is mi fo, Tliat is y-come up mi lond, Wer he thenketh to bring ine an-hohd. G'f of Waru-ike, p. 43. ANHONGED. Hanged up. {A.-S.) Cf. Chaucer, Cant. T. 12193, 12209 ; Rob. Glouc. p. 509 ; Sevyn Sages, 502, 651 ; Launfal, 686 ; Reliq. Antiq. i. 87. That thei schuld be do to dethe deulfulli in hast, Crent in brijt fur, to-draweora«-/j(m^erf. Will, and the Werwolf, p. 172 And al that he iny5te cm-take, Non other pes ue most they make, But leet hem to-draweand nn-lwtighe, But certayn hit wasal with wronghe. MS. Douce 236, f 13 ANHOVE. To hover. Skinner. ANHYTTE. Hit; struck. The kyng Arture ajen the brest ys felawe vorst mthytte. Rub. Glouc. p. 185. ANIENTE. To destroy; to annihilate. (J.-N.) It is also an old law term. See CowcU's Interpreter, in v. That wikkedliche and wilfulliche Wolde mtrcy anienle. Piers Ploughman, p. 3G3. The wliich three thinges ye ne han not anietili.srd or destroyed, neither in youreself ne in youre ron- seillours, as you ought. Melibeu.'!, p. 107. AN-IF. Used for ;/. The expression is very common in our old writers. ANIGH. Near. Salop. Sometimes in the western counties we have anighst, near to. ANIGHT. In the night. Cf. Legende of Hypsipyle, 108; As You Like It, ii. 4; Gesta Romanorum, p. 51. Tristrem to Ysoude wan. Anight with hir to play. Sir Tristrem, p. 232. His fader he tolde aswefne ^ni^l that him mette. MS. Badl. 652, f. 1. ANILE. Imbecile from old age. Walpole uses this adjective, and Sterne has the substantive anility. See Richardson, in v. ANIME. A white gum or resin brought out of the West Indies. BuUokar. ANIMOSITE. Bravery. His magnanymyte, His animositi. Sfcetton^a Works, ii. 81. ANIOUS. W'earisome ; fatiguing. Then thenkkez Gawan ful sone Of his anious vyage. Syr Gawayne, p. 21. AN-IRED. Angry. H e sauh Richard an-ired, and his mykelle myght. His folk armed and tired, and ay redy to fight. Petf^r Langtoft, p. 151. ANIS-KINES. Any kind of; any. Withouten anis-kines duelling, Sche gan Gregori to threte. Leg. of Pope Gregtn-y, p. 26. ANKER. An anchoret; a hermit. Cf. Prompt. Par\'. pp. 12, 83; Robin Hood, i. 36; Rom. of the Rose, 6348. Certis, wyfe wolde he nane, AVenche ne no lemmane, Bot als an anki/re in a staue He lyved here trewe. Sir Degrevante, 3IS. Lincoln, f. 130. ANKERAS. A female hermit. Hou a recluse or an attkeras shuld comende hir chastity to God. MS. Bodl. 423, f . 183. ANKLEY. An ankle. West Sussex. ANLEPl. Alone; single. (J.-S.) Hence shigle, applied to unmarried persons. See instances in Sir F. Madden's reply to Singer, p. 34. He stod, and totede in at a bord, H(.r he spak auiU-jx word. Havelok, 2107. Anothere is of an!epi. That hase bene filede and left foly. MS. Cott. Faust. B. vi. f. 1-J2. Anees fomicacion, afleschle synne Betwene an aneUpi/ man and an anelept/ woman. MS. Hurl. 1022. 1". 73. Oil ich half thai smiten him to. And he ogain to hem also ; TVever no was anlepy knight, That so manistond might. GyofWarwike,\> 139. Say also quo wos thi fere, For wele more synne it is To synne with a weddid wife, Then with an anlepe i-wis. MS. Cantab. Ff. v. 48, f. 8f>. ANLET. An annulet ; a small ring. Yorlsh. According to Mr. Jerdan, " tags, or pieces of metal attached to the ends of laces or points." See Rutland Papers, p. 6 ; Brit. Bibl. ii. 397. Can- says it is the mark on a stone, an ancient boundary' in Craven. ANLETH.* The face; the countenance. (Swed.) Ne tume thine anleth me fra, Ne helde in wreth fra thi hine swa. MS. Cott. Fespas. D. vli. f. 16. ANLICNES. A resemblance ; an image. Versfeffa7i. ANLIFEN. LiveUhood ; substance. Verstegan. ANLOTE. To pay a share of charges, according to the custom of the place. Minsheu. ANNARY. A yearly description. Fuller, ANO 65 ANO ANNE. One. The ohjectivecascof an. Cf. Ueliq. Antiq. ii. 272 ; Kol). filouc. p. 223. Ac Sarr.nzins were, bl ml panne, Ever fourti ogaincs anne. Jrthour and Merlin, p. 295. He slough thre ogaines anne. And cr.ikcci man! hern-panne* Jbid. p. 214. Heu naddcii with Iieni bote anne lof, Tharefore heo careden ech one, MS. Laud 108. t. 1. ANNET. The common giUl, so called in Northumhciiand. See Pennant's Tour in Scotland, ed. 1790, i. 48. ANNETT. First-fniits? The L. Governour, as touching the workes to be taken in hand, noe munii-lon to be lookt for. with some occurances of the English and Spanish fleets; for the coming up of Capt. Case, and touching Sir John Seiby's meadow, Townsdales annelt. ArcheBitlogia, XXX. 169. ANNEXMENT. Anything annexed, or sub- joined. See Hamlet, iii. 3. ANXIHILED. Destroyed. Which cIs had been long since annihited, With all other living things beside. Ijoves Owle, 1595. ANNOTE. A note. In annotp is hire nome, nempneth liit non. Whose ryht redeth ronne to Johon. Wright's Li/rii. Poelru, p. 26. ANNOY. Annoyance. Farewell, my soverafgnc, long maist thou enjoy Thy father's happie daies free from anno;/. First Part cf the Contention, 1594. ANNUARY. Annual. Hall. ANNUELLEUE. A priest employed for tlie purpose of singing anniversan- masses for the dead. It is spelt minivolor in Skelton, ii. 440. In London was a preest, an annuellere. That thcrin dwelled haddc many a yere. Chaucer, Cant. T. 16480, ANNUELYNGE, Enamelling. See an extract from Horman in Prompt. Par\'. p. 261, where perhaps we should read ammelynge. ANNUNCIAT. Foretold. (Lat.) Lo Sampson, which that was annunciat By the angel, long or his nativitee. Chaucer, Cant. T. 14021. ANNYD. Annoyed ; vexed. [Anuyd .'] So that King Philip was ann^d thor alle thing. Hob. Glouc. p. 4R7. ANNYT;. Annoyance. Cf. Rob. Glouc. p. 429; Kyng Alisaunder, 1 0. [Anuye?] With sorwe was his hcrte bctreld, WMth care and eke aitnye. MS, Ashmole 33, f. 44. Thanne s:iyra«, I.iii. 428. ANOUGH. Enough. West. Cf. Gy of War- wike, pp. 11,20,25,40,63, 153; SirTristrem, pp.181. 301. (^.-5.) The fischers wer radi anow; To don his will that ich day. Legend of Pope Gregory, p. 20. ANOUR. (1) Honour. Herhaud onswerd, I chil you telle The best conseyl ich have in wille ; Gif thou themperours douhter afo, Riche thou best ever mo ; After him thou best eniperour, God hath the don gret anour. Gy of Warwike, p. 149. Tho was he erl of gret anour, Y-knowen in alle Aquiteyne. Leg. Cathol. p. 43. (2) To honour. With thisheras out of his place That he anoured him in . MS. Fairfojc 14. Id diademea?)ouredand with palle. MS. Harl. 3869» f. 367- ANOUREMENT. Adornment. lam tormentidewlth this blewfyre on my hede, for my lecherouse anourement of myne heere, ande other array ther one. Gesta Romanorum, p. 431. ANOURENE, ;;/. Honour. With gud ryghte thay love the for thaire gud- nes ; with gud ryghte thay anourene the for thaire fairenes; withe gud righte thay gloryfye the for thaire profet. MS. Lincoln, f. 199. ANOURN. To adorn. (.t/.-AV Whan a woman is anourned with rich apparayle, it setteth out her beauty double as much as it is. PaUgrave, ANOURNEMENTIS. Adoraments. For as alle atwurnementis ben fayred by hem that avenauntly uysith hem, so alle thehalowysof heven, as weleaungelsas men or wymmen,ben anourned and worschipped oonly thoru God. MS, Tanner 16, p. 53. ANOW. Enough. Jf'esf. See Jennings, p. 120. He kest the bor doun hawes anotve. And com himself doun bi abowe. Sevyn Sages, 921. ANOW'ARD. Upon. See Rob. Glouc. pp. 186, 211. Heame explains it. " thorough, onward." And ajwicard his rug fur y-maked. And doth from jere to ;ere. MS. Hart. 2277, f. 47- A cold welle and fair ther sprong, j4noivarde the doune, That 5ut is there, fair and cold, A myle from the toune. MS. Coll. Trin. Oron. 5?. The hors hem lay anotrard. That hem thought chaunce hard. Ai-thour and Merlin, \.. 123. ANOWCRYAND ? Also ther Is fyr of coveytyse, of tho whiche it is seyd alle anowcryand as chyraney of fyre. ^5. E^erton 842, f. 223. ANOWE. Now; presently. So explained by Mr. Utterson, Pop. Poet. ii. 14" ; but perhaps we should read avoive, as in a similar passage at p. 153. ANOYLE. To anoint. The last sacrament of the Roman Catholic church. See a curious inven- tor*-, written about 1588, in Rehq.Antiq. i. 255. ANOYMENTIS. This word is the translation of limates in an early gloss, printed in Reliq. Antiq. i. 8. ANOYNTMENT. An ointment. And ther Mare Mawdelayn Anoyntet oure Lordes fette With a riche anointment. And his hede i-wis. MS. Cantab. Ff. v. 48, f. 86w ANOYT. Turning? That other branche ful ryjt goyt To the lytil fyngere, without anoyt, Reliq. Antiq. i. 100. ANPYTRE. Empire. The following is an extract from the Metrical Chronicle of England. All Cornewalle and Devenshire, A U thys were of hys anpyre. Rob. Ghuc. p. 733. ANREDNESSE. Unity of purpose. (^.-5.) AN*S-AFE. 1 am afi-aid. Yorksh. ANSAUMPLE. An example. Ore Loverd wende aboute and prechedethat folk. And seide hem anstumples fale. MS. Laud. 1(18. f. 2. ANSEL. Generally spelt hansel^ q. v. It seems to be used in the sense of hansel in Decker's Satiro-Mastix, ap. Hawkins, iii. 137. See also a similar orthography in Prompt. Pan. p. 14. ANSHUM-SCR.\NCHI'M. When a number of persons are assembled at a board where the provision is scanty, and each one is almost obliged to scramble for what he can get, it will be observed perhaps by some one of the partj' that they never in all their life saw such anshum-scranehum work. Line. ANSINE. Appearance; figure. {A.-S.) Not nomon so rauchel of pine. As povre wif that falleth in an^^ine. Dame Sirith, MS. Digby 86, f. Ifi7- ANSL.\CHTS. Surprises. {Germ.) SeeMeyrick's Critical Enquiir, iii. 118. ANSLAIGHT. Surprised. {Germ.) I do remember yet, that anslaight, thou wast beaten, And fledst before the butler. Beaumont and Fletcher, Mons. Thomas, ii. 2, ANSQUARE. Answer. Then gaf Jhesus til ham ansquare To alle the Jewes atte ther ware. MS. Fairfax 14. ANSTOND. To withstand. He byvond vorst an queintyse ajen the Deneys to anstond. Rob. Glouc. p. 2b7. ANSURER. The answerer; the person who answered to the Court of Augmentation for the rents and profits. As conseming one farme hold, late belonging to the hold of St. Robarts, which you know I didspeake to the ansurer for the use of the said children, and he perraised not to suit them. Plumpton Coirespondence, p. 234. ANT 67 ANT ANSWER. To encounter at a tournament. See the Paston Lettors. ii. 4. Shakesjjeare uses the substantive in the sense of rctaUation, re- quital, in C>Tubeline, iv. 4. A verj' common though pecuUar sense of tlie word has not been noticed by lexicographers. To answer a front door, is to open it when any one knocks. At a fann-house near South Petlierton, a maid- servant was recently asked why she did not answer the door. The girl, who had an im- pediment in her speech, replied, " Why — why — why, if you plaze, mim, I — I — 1 did'n hear'n speak I" ANT. (1) Am not. Devon. (2) And. This fonn of the conjunction is found chieflyin MSS.of the reign of Edward II. when it is very common. (3) " In an ant's foot," in a short time. A Warwickshire plirase. ANTEM. (I) A church! This cant word is given in the Brit. Bibl. ii. 521, more generally spelt autem. We have also an antem-rtmrfe, " a wyfe maried at the churchc, and they he as chaste as a cow." See the same work, ii. 290, 520; and Harrison's Description of England, p. 184. (2) An anthem. (J.-S.) To me she came, and bad me for to sing This antem veraily in my dying. Chaucer. Cant. T. 13590. ANTEPHNE. An antiphon. Willi IionI herte and ,'* is described at length in MS. Jamys, f. 40. See also some verses on lechecrafte iu MS. Harl. 1600. AutiocliC and bastarde, Pyment also and garnarde, Squyr of Lowe DegT4, 7^7. ANTIPERISTASIS. " The opposition," says Cowley, " of a contrarj* quality, liy which tlie quality it opposes i)ecomes heightened or in- tended." Tins word is used by Ben Jousoii. See his Wrrks, ed. Gifford, ii. 371. ANTIPHONER. This term is frequently met with in the inventories of church goods and ornaments in old times. It was a kind of psalm-hook, containing the usual church mu- sic, with the notes marked, as we still see them in old mass hooks ; and so called from the alternate repetitions and responses. See the Archaeologia, xxi. 275. This litel childe his IJlel book leming. As he sate in the seole at his pritnere. He Alma redemfjtoris herde sing. As children lered hir antiphonere. Chaucer, Cunt. T. 13449. ANTIQUITY. Old age. For false illuUon of the magistrates With borrow'd shapes of false anttquit!/. Two Trirgerlies in One, 1601. ANTLE-BEER. Crosswise ; irregular. E,nnoor. ANTLIXG. A corruption of St. Antonine, to whom one of the liOndon chm-ches is dedicated, and occasionally alluded to by early writers under the corrupted name. See the Roaring Girl, i. 1. ANTO. If thou. Yorksh. ANTOYN. Anthony. Langloft. ANTPAT. Opportune ; apropos. Warw. ANTRE. (1) A cavern; a den. {Lat.) Wherein of antres vast and desarts idle. Rough quarries, rocks, and hills whose heads touch heaven, It was my hint to speak. Othello, i. 3. (2) To adventiu-e. Anii, Lord, als he es maste of myght. He send his socor to that knyght, That thus in dede of charite This day antres hys lif for me. Ywalne and Gatsin, 3508. Thou anlerii thi life for luf of me. Ibid. 3809. ANTRESSE. Adventured. (J.-X.) Thanne .\lisauudrine at arst than antrenae hem tille. Will, and the Werwolf, p. 38. ANTRUMS. Affected airs ; insolences ; whims. " A's in as aiitrums this morning," would he said of a rude person as well as of a skittish horse. This form of the word is given in the Suffolk and Cheshire glossaries, but the more usual expression is tantrums. ANTUL. An thou wilt ; if thou wilt. Yorksli. ANTUO. Explained " one two, a two," by Hearne, but we should read an tuo, i.e. on two. See Rob. Glouc.p. 241. ANT-WART. A kind of wart, " deepe-rooted, broad below, and litle above," mentioned in the Nomenclator, 1585, p. 444. ANTWHILE. Some time ago. Waru\ ANTY. Empty. Somerset. ANTY-TUJIP. An ant-hill. Herrfords. ANUAL. A chronicle. Rider. ANUDDER. Another. North. ANUEL. A yearly salary paid to a priest for keeping an anniversarj' ; an annuity. .\nd henten, gif I mighte. An unuel for myne owen use. To helpen to clolhe. Piers Ploughman, p. 475. Siiche annuels has made thes frcrssowely and so gay. That thermay no possessioners mayntene thair array. ilS. Colt. Cleop. B. ii. f. C3. ANUETH. Annoyeth. Moch me anueih That mi drivil druith. Reliq. Antiq. ii. 210. ANUNDER. Beiieatli; under. Norf/t. To keep any one a/ anunder, i. e. to keep them in a sub- ordinate or dependent situation. See also a quotation in gloss, to S}t Gawajiie, iu v. Atwaped. Ten schypmen to londe yede, To se the yle yn leriRthe and brede. And fette water as hem was nede The roche anondyi: Octovian Imperator, 550. The prisone dore than wend heo ner. And putte hure st^l ami nder. 3fS. Ashmole 33, f. 16. He fouten anonHer selde. Some of hem he felde. MS. Laud. 108, f. 219. ANURE. To honoiu. Annrith God and holi chirch. And ;iveth the povir that hr.bbith nede; So GodJs wille 36 sstil wirche, And joi of heven hab to mede. Wright's Political Songs, p. 205. ANURTHE. On the earth. This word occurs in the Life of St. Bi'andan, p. 3. ANUY. (1) To annoy; to trouble; to harass. Hire fader was so sore aHuj/erf, That he mustc non cnde. MS. Harl, 22/7, f- 93. For thai haddethe counlrii anutvedi And with robberie destrwed. Sevs/n Sages, 2613. (2) Trouble; vexation. Al eselich withoutertnr(;/> And there youre lyf ende. MS. Harl. 2277, f- 46. And for non eorthelich arutp, Ne for dethe ne flechchie noujht. MS. JMttd 108. f. 184. ANVELT. An an^il. See Reliq. Antiq. i. G ; Malory's Morte d'Arthnr. i. 7. Upon his anvf^lt up and downe, Therof he toke the fitate sowne. The Dreme 0/ Chaucer, 116.5. AN\T:MPNE. To euvenome. I am nott wurthy, Lord, lo loke up to hefne, My synful steppys anvempnyd the grounde. Coventry M y ate ries, p. "5. x\:N\T:RDRE. To oTerthrow. Somerset. Per- haps a mistake for auverdre. I insert it on Mr. HoUoway's authority. APA ANVIED. Explained by Weber envied, mraged, 1 in the following passage ; but we should cer- tainly read amded, part, of the verb anuy. q. v. See also Atmye, which may perhaps be a similar error. AHsaundre anvied was ; Over the table he gnn stoupe. And smot Lifias with tlie coupe, Tliat lieft-ol doun in the flctte. Kytif^ Atisaunder, 1102. ANVIL. (1) The handle or hilt of a sword. Here I clip The anvil of my sword. Coriolanus, iv. 5. (2) A little narrow flag at the end of a lance. Met/rick. ANWARPE. To warp. Minsheu. AKWEALB. Power; authority. Skinner. ANWOKD. An answer j a reply. Verstegan. ANY. Either ; one of two. It usually signifies one of many. And if that any of us have more than other, Let him tie trewe, and part it with his brother. Chaucer, Cant. T. 7115. A-NYE. In nine. The kyng won Normandye, and .ilso god Aungco, And wythynnc a-nye jer al thys wa? y-do. Rr,!.. alouc. p. 186. ANTNGE. Union. By the vertu of this Wysfulle anyngr, whllke may noghte be saide ne consayved be manes wil. the saule of Jhesu rcssayvcde the fulhede of wyscdome and lufe. >IS. Lincoln A.i. 17, f. 227. ANYSOT. A fool. Sec Pytison's edition of the Prompt. Par^'. quoted in the Prompt. Parv. p. 11. See Amsote. ANYWHEN. At anytime. South. Rider gives anywhile in the same sense, and anyu-hilher, into any place. Mr. Vernon tells me anywhen is considered a respectable word in the Isle of Wight. A-ONE. An indiridtial ; one person. There's not a one of them, but in his house I keep a servant foe'd. Macbeth, iii. 4. AOURNED. Adorned. So that he that tofore wcnte clothed in clothes of golde and of sylke, and aournei wyth precyous stones Id the cyti. VHm Patrum, f. U6. AOY. High. Glouc. APAID. Satisfied; pleased. (^.-A^.) Mas friar, as I am true maid. So do I hold me well apaid. Peele'4 Workt, i. 91. APAISE. Peace. Tho thai were al at alse, Ich went to his In apaiie. Arthimr and Merlin, p. 87. APAN. Upon. ^jtan tho XX. dai Of Averil, bl-for Mai. Rilton't .Ancient Songs, p. 39. APAUAELYNC. Preparation. It is the transla- tion of ajiparaliLH, in Reliq. Antiq. i. 8, an old gloss, of (he 15th century. APARTI. Partly. Now wil 1 schewe aparti Qwy Ihel areii so grysly. Hampule, .V.S. Dinljy 87. And hou foul a mon h afturward, Tclhlh tirty SJcint Uurnard. il.'i. ^nhmolei], f. (i. 69 APE He that es verrayly meke, God sal safe hym of there, here aparty, and in the tolher worlde plenerly. .U.S-. <■.,». Efon. 10, f. W. APAST. Passed. Still used in the West of Eng- land. Cf. Gy of Wanvike, pp. 1-48, 457; Strutt's Regal' Antiquities, ed. Planche, p. 77. The uy;t hure nejehede faste. That the day was nej ago ; The lordes buth than apaale Wythoute more ado. US. Mlimale 33, f. 20. Jpaefyd be twenty jere That we togcdyr have lyvyd here. MS. Hart. 1701, f. 13. To grete disport and daliaunee of lordes and allc worthi werriourcs tliat ben apaued by wey of age al labour and travaillyiig. V,-geeiuii, its. Douce 291, f. 120. Tho this li;th apassed was, Huy in the put to grounde, Thare inne of this holie man, No thing huy ne sei;en ne founde, .VS. Laud 108, f. 174. APAYEN. To satisfy ; to please ; to like. {A.-N.) Therwith was Perkyn apaycd. And preised hem faste. Picra Ploughman, p. 123. In herte I wolde be wele apayede, Myghte we do that dede. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17. f- HU But never the lees y sehalle assay How thou wylt my dynte apfiy. .MS. Cautab. Ff. ii. 3B, f. li* APAYERE. To impair. (.-/.-A.) For alle your proude prankyng, your pride may apayere. SkelO.i't Works, i. 116. APE. (1) A fool. To put an ape into a person's hood or cap was an old phr.ise, signifying to make a fool of him. Sometimes we have the phrase, to put on his head an ape, in the same sense. Apes were formerly carried on the shoulders of fools and simii'etons ; and Malone says it was formerly a term of endearment. Tyrwhitt considers " win of ape," in Cant. T. 16903, to be the same \vith vin de singe. Sec his note, ]). 329 ; Robert of Sicily, p. 58. A ha. fclawcs, beth ware of swichc a jape. The monke put in the mannes hodean ape. And in his wifesckc, by Seint Austin. Chaucer, Cant. T. 13370. (2) To attempt ? And that schc nere so michcl ape That sche hir laid doun to slape. ^rthour and Merlin, p. 32. APECE. The alphabet. Prompt. Parv. We have also apece-lemer, one who learneth the alphabet. APEIKE. To impair. (A.-N.) See Appair. C(. Promi)t. Parv. p. 12 ; Deposition of Richard 11. p. 3 ; Chaucer, Cant. T. 3149; Hall's Satires, iv. 2. And thanne youre neghchorcs next In none wise iipeire. Piers Ploughman, p. 111. APEL. An old term in hunting music, con- sisting of three long moots. See Sir H. Dry- din's notes toTwici, p. 71. APELYT. Called ; named. It is glossed by nominaltm in an early MS. quoted in Prompt. Parv. p. 315. APE 70 API APEXT. Belonging. See Append. In the Ches- ter Plays, i. 131, it is used as a verb. Aganippe her lorde was Kyrigof Fraunce, That grauiite hyni mtiine, and good sufficiente, And sent his wife with hym.whhgreatepuissaunce, With all aray that to her wer ap'^nte. His heire to been, by their bothes assente. Hardyn^s Chronicle, f. 23. APENYONE. Opinion, Jhesu, Jhesu, quat deylle is him that? I defye the and thyu apenyone. Digby Mysteries, p. 131. APERE. To appear. To thenexte semble je schul hym calle, To apere byfore hys felows alle. Const, of Masoni-p, p. 27 APERN. An apron. This is the usual early form of the ^vord. See the Nomenclator, p. 171. Mr. Hartshorne gives appam as the Shropsliire word, and apperon is sometimes found as the Northern form, as well as appreti. APERXER. One who wears an apron ; a drawer. We have no wine here, methinks ; Where's th\s apenier 9 Chapman's May Day, 1611. A-PER-SE. The letter A, with the addition of the two Latin words, per se, is used by some of our ancient poets to denote a person or thing of extraordinary merit. Loudon, thowe arte of townes A per se, Soveragne of cities, most symbliest by sight. MS. Lansd. 762, f. 7. Thou schalt be an apersey, my sone. In raylys ij. or thre. MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 51. APERT. (1) Open; openly; manifest. Cf. Kyng Alis. 2450, 4773; Hartshorne's Met. Tales, p. 70 ; Chaucer, Cant. T. 6(J96. Me hath smetyn withowten descrte, And seyth that he ys owre kynge aperte. MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 241. (2) Biisk ; bold ; free. Skinner. In the pro- vinces we have peart , used in a similar sense. Toone quotes a passage from Peter Langtoft, p. 74, but I doubt its application in this sense, although it may be derived from A.-N. aperte. APERTE. Conduct in action. {A.-N.) For whiche the kyng hym had ay after in cherte, Consyderyng well his knightly aperte. HaTdyng*s Chronicle, f. 198. APERTELICHE. Openly. (.^.-A'.) Icb have, quod tho cure Lord, al apertelirhe I-spoke in the temple and y-tau;t, and nothyng pri- veliche. MS. Coll. Trin. Oxon. 57, f. 8. APERTLY. Openly. (.^.-A:) And forsothe there is a gret marveyle, for men may see there the erthe of the tombe apertly many tymes steten and meveu. Maundevile's Travels, p. 22. APERY. An ape-house. And vow to ply thy booke as nimbly as ever thou didst thy master's apery, or the hauty vaulting horse. Apollo Shrovmg, 1627, P- 93- APERYALLE. Imperial ? For any thyng that ever I sed or dede, Unto thys owre securet or aperyalle. MS. Cantah. Ff. i. 6, f. 123. APES. To lead apes in hell, a proverbial expres- sion, meaning to cHe an old maid or a bache- lor, that being the employment joculai'ly as- 1 signed to old maids in the next world. See Florio in v. Miitnmola, " an old maide or sillie \-ir3in that will lead apes in hell." The phrase is not quite obsolete. But 'tis an old proverb, and you know it well. That women, dying maids, lead apes in hell. The London Prodigal, i. 2. APESIX. To appease. Ye fiers Mars, apesin of his ire. And, as you list, ye makinhertis digne. Troihts and Creaeide, ul, 22. APE'S-PATERNOSTER. To say an ape's pa- ternoster, to chatter with cold. This prover- bial expression occurs several times in Cot- grave, in T. Barboter, Batre, Cressiner, Benty Grelotter. APETITELY. With an appetite. See Brockett, ed. 1829, in v. Appetize. Goo to thy xneieapetitely. Sit therat discretely. Reliq, Antiq. i. 233. APE-WARD. A keeper of apes. Nor I, quod an ape-ward. By aught that I kau knowe. Piers Ploughman, p. 115. APEYREMENT. Injury. Then cast the powder therupon, and with thi nail thou maist done awey the lettres that hit schal no- thyng been a-sene, without any apeyrenmnu Reliq. .4ntiq. i. 109. APEIHYNGIS. Losses. But whiche thingis weren to me wynnyngis, I have demed these apeyryngls for Crist. Wickti^e's New Test. p. 159. APIECE. 'With the subject iu the plural, " Now lads, here's healths apiece," i.e. healths to each of you. North. APIECES. To pieces. Still used in Suffolk. Nay, if we faint or fall aplecea now. We're fools. The Island Princess, v. 1. APIES. Opiates. As he shall slepe as long as er the leste. The narcotikes and apies ben so strong. Legende of Hypermnestra, 109. A.PIGGA-BACK. A mode of carrying a cliild on one's back, with his legs under one's arms, and liis arms round one's neck. Var. dial. APIS. A kind of apple-tree, which Skinner says was introduced into this country about the year 1670. APISHNESS. Playfulness. It is the transla- tion of badinage in Hollyband's Dictionarie, 1593. APISTILLE. The epistle. The lyone made a wolfe to here the holy watlr ; ij. urchyns to here the tapers ; gete to rynge the belles; foxes to bere the beere. The here seide the masse : the asse redde the apistille ; the oxe redde the gos- pelie. Gesta Romanorum, p. 418. .A-PISTY-POLL. A mode of carrying a chUd with his legs on one's shoulders, and his arms round one's neck or forehead. Dorset. A-PIT-A-PAT. A term apphed to the beating of the heart, especially in cases of anxiety. Var. dial. In Oxfordshire the village children on Shrove Tuesday bawl some lines in hopes of obtaining pence, which commence — " J-pit-Vhichc Is to love apourtenaunt. (lower. MS. .^oc. Antiq. 1.T4, f. 1U3. Ther was nothyngedesobcissant, Whichc was to Home appourtenaunt . Ibid. t. 77. APOZEME. A drink made with water ami divers s|)iccs and herbs, used instead of syrup. UiilJoiar. APl'AIR. To impair; to make worse. See APP APP Hall, Edward IV. f. 34 ; Dial, of Great. Mor. pp. 74, 76 ; Morte d'Arthiir, i. 72. {.i.-N.) Her nature ys to apjujrt/n anil amende. She changyth ever and fletyth to and fro. Rat-mud'* Roll, MS. Fairfai 10. APPALL. To make pale. {A.-N.) Hireliste wot appalled fox to be. Nor on the morwe unfestliche for to see. Chaucer, Cant, T. 10C79- APPARAIL. To provide; to equip; to fur- nish. {A..y.) Sundry yeomea that will not yet for all that chaunge their condition, nor desire to be apparailed with the titles of gentrie. Lambarde's Perambulation, 1596, p. 14. APPARANCY. Appearance. And thus the dombe ypocrysye. With his devouie apparanti/e, A viser sette upon his face. Gowevy MS. Soc. Jntiq. 134, f. 42. Whose fained gestures doe entrap our youth With an appfij-nncie of simple truth. Brotviie's Britarmia's Pasturals, 1625^ p. 54. APPARATE. Apparatus. The whole English app«rafe, and the English popu- lar c.llculation tables, with an almanac forsooth for the next year, beginning at the spring equinox. MS. Bodl. ,113. APPAREIL. The sum at the bottom of iin ac- count, which is still due. A law term, given by Skinner. APPAREMENTIS. Ornaments. Pride, with apparementis, als prophetis have tolde. Sr/r Gawayne, p. 106. APPARENCE. An appearance. (Fr.) That is to sayn, to malie illusion By swiche an tipparence or joglerie. Chaucer, C^nt. T. 11577. APPARENTED. Made apparent. But if he had beene in his aff-tires stabled, then their fine devises f« ir their further creil it should have bcene apparented, Hotinshed, Hist, of Ireland, y.S9. APPARITION. An appearance, in the literal sense of the word. It is so used by Shakespeare, Much Ado about Nothinir, iv. 1. APPARYSSHANDE. Apparent. Wherfore the disposicyon and the forme of the dedly body withoute forth is not, as thou supposyd, to beholden foule and unsemely, but the moost fayr- est and appary-^shatide comelynesse. Carton's Divers Fruytfut Ghostly Maters. APPASE. Apace. .^n actuarie, Clarke or scribe, that writeth ones wordes appase as they are spoken. Nomenclator, p. 478. APPASSIONATE. To have a passion for. Florio has this word in v. Appassionare, Afarfel/iire. Boucher has appassioitated, ex- plained " stedfast ;" but see Richardson, in v. APPATIZED. A term apphed to districts which have paid composition or contribution, in order to ransom their towns from military execution. See the Ancient Code of Military Laws, 1784, p. 14. APPEACH. To impeach; to accuse. See Warkworth's Chronicle, p.25; Morte d'.irthur, ii. 13. (A.-N.) How, let furth youre geyse, the fox wille preche : How long wilt thou me aitpech With thi sermonyng ? T.nvneley Mysteries, p. 10. Why doe I appearh her of coinesse, in whom bountie showeth small curiousnesse. Greene's Givydonitts, 1593. APPE.VL. This word appears to have been formerly used with much latitude ; but accord- ing to its most ancient signification, it implies a reference by name to a charge or accusation, and an otfer or challenge, to support such charge by the ordeal of single combat. See Morte d' Arthur, ii. 25. Tell me, moreover, hast thou sounded him. If he appeal the duke on ancient malice. AtcAai'd //. i. 1 . APPEARINGLY. Apparently. .-ippcanngly the burthen shortly will crush him. Baitlie's Lette.-s, 1775, ii. 407. APPECEMENTES. Impeachments. The SL-id seducious persnnes, not willing to leve the possessions that they hadde, caused the seid princes tolay sucheimposicions and charges, as well by way of untrue appecementes to whom they owed evill wille unto. MS. Ashmole, 1160. APPELLANT. One who appeals. Behold here Henry of Lane istre, duke of Herfiford, appellant, which is entered into the listes royall to done his devoyre against Thomas Mowbray. Hall, Henry I r.t. 3. APPEL-LEAF. The violet. It is the trans- lation of fiola in an early list of plants in MS. Harl. 978 ; and is the Anglo-Saxon word. APPELYE. Haply. "Appyny," in Weber's Met. Rom. iii. 279, is probably an error for this word. See his Glossary, in v. And wheunebesawehir hede oute, he smote in al themyght of his body to the serpent : but the serpent drow hir hede ayene so appelye, ande so sodenlye, that the strook hitte al upone the vesselle. Gesta Romanorutn, p. 197. APPELYN. Apples. (,A.-S.) Nym appe?.y?i and scth hem, and lat hemkele, and make hem thorw a clothe ; and on tlesch dayes kast therto god fat brey t of bef, and god wy te grees. Warner's A ttiq. Culin. p. 39. APPEND. To belong ; to apperi :' \ n to. (^.-.V.) Sec Hardyng's Chronicle, f. 4 ; T jwneley Mys- teries, p. 239. Tel me to whom, madame. That tresour appendeth, Piers Ploughman, p. 1". When all lords to councell and parlement Wentt, he wold tohuntyngand tohaukyng. All gentyll disportt as to a lord appear. MS. Douce 378, f. 62- .APPENNAGE. That which is set apart by princes for the support of their younger children. Skinner. {Fr.) APPERCEIVE. To perceive. (A.-ff.) See Wright's Monastic Letters, pp. 145, 183 ; Shar]>'s Cov. Mvst. p. 179; Gy of Warwike, p. 178; Chiiucer, Cant. T. 8476; Morte d'Artluu-,i. 221, ii. 212 ; Reliq. Antiq. ii. 276; Sevvn Siiges, 1021, 1434 ; Artliom- and Merlin, p. 30 ; Thvnne's Debate, p. 28 ; Rom. of the Rose, 0312, 6371. This lettre, .is thou hast herde devyse, Wascounterfet in suchea wise. That no man schulde it apereeyve. Gmeer, MS. Soc. Jntiq. 134, f. 67. APPEPvCEIVING. Perception. APP 73 APP Whocoudetellen you thefoTme of daunces So uncouth, and so fresheconienaunccs, Swlche subtil lokingsanil di^siinulinj^s. For dred of jalous mennes apperceivitii;'* f Chaucer, Oint. T. KiWO. APPERIL. Peril. See Middleton's Works, i. 427 ; Ben Jonson, v. 137; ^i. 117, 159. Let me stay at thine apperil, Timon of Athens, i. 2. APPERTAINMENT. That whicli l)elongs or relates to another thing; to any rank or dig- nity. Shakespeare has the word in Troilus and Cressida, ii. 3. APPERTINAUNT. Belonging. An astrological term. He is the hows appeHinaunt To Veuus Eomdele discordaunt. Cower, el. 1532, f. 14fi. APPERTYCES. Dexterities. (^.-.V.) Crete strokes were smyten on bolhe sydes, many men overthrowen, hurte, and slayn, and grete va- lyaunees, prowesses and appertyces of werre were that day shewed, whiche were over long to recounte the noble feates of every man. Mi/rted'./rthur, i. 145. APPERYNG. To deck out ; to apparel. And next her come the emperesse Fortune, To apperyng him with many a noble signe. I.ydgatff's Minof Puems, p. 7- APPETENCE. Desire. {Lat.) But know you not that creatures wanting sense. By nature have a mutual appetence. JUartowe's }Vorks, lii. 343. APPETITE. To desire ; to covet. (J.-N.) As matire appptilith forme alwaie. And from forme into forme it passin maie. Hypeipyte and Medea, 21."). APPETIZE. To proToke an appetite for food. AV,r/A. APPETY. Appetite ; desire. To be alone is not my appelie. For of all thinges in the world I lo\e mery company. Hawlcine' Engl. Dram. I. 122. APPIERT. Open; public. That no maner person holde no comen eschaunge prrivee nor apptert in the said cltee, ne take any thyng for profute of that eschaunge. ArchOBoloffia , xv. I"(». APPLE-CART. Down with his apple-cart, knock or throw him down. North. APPLK-DIIONK. A wasp; a terrible devourer of ap]>lcs, and more especially when they are beaten or ground to make cider. IVest. APPLE-GUAY. Dapple grey. His head was troubled in such a bad plight. As though his eyes were appte-f^ay ; And if good learning he had not tooke, He wod a cast himselfe away. The Kint[ and a Pmre Northeme Man, IfHU. APPLE-IIOGLIN. An apple turnover. Suffolk. It is also called an apple-jack, and is made hy folding sliced ai)ples with sugar in a coarse crust, and baking them «itliout a pan. AI'J'I.IC-JOIIN. A kind of apple, not ripe till late in the season, and considered in pi'ifec- tion when shrivelled and withered. See Shakespeare's 2 Henry IV. ii. 4, where it is stated that Falstaff could not " endure an appli-.Jolm." The term is still in use in the eastern counties, although Forhy thinks it pos- sible tlie same variety of fruit may not have been retained. APPLE-MOISE. Cider. Huloet, in bis Abce- darium, 1552, translates it by^owiocium. See also the Catalogue of Douce's Printed Books, p. 309, where the word is wTongly printed. In the Prompt. Parv. p. 13, we have appulmoce, which appears to have been served n|) at table as a dish, consisting of the apples themselves after they had been pressed, and seasoned with spices. See Warner's Antiq. Cnlin. p. 16 ; Forme of Cur\% pp. 42, 96, 103. APPLEN. Apples. Upe the hexte bowe tueye applen he sey. iii>6. Ghuc. p. 283. APPLE-PEAR. A kind of pear, mentioned in lligius' adaptation of Junius' Nomenclator, p. 99. It seems to be the tankard pear. APPLE-PIE-ORDER. Anything in ver)' great order. An apple-pie-bed furnishes an article for Grose. It is made somewhat in the fashion of an apple-turnover, the sheets being so doubled as to prevent any one from getting at his length between them ; a common trick in schools. APPLES-OF-LOVT;. The fruit of some foreign herb, said to be a stimulus for the tender passion. Skinner says they are /H/c^itssoZani cujusdam pereyrini ; that is, the fniit of some foreign species of nightshade. APPLE-SQUIRE. This word appears to have been used in several senses. An apple-squire was a kept gallant , and also a person who waited on a woman of bad character. In the Bchnan of London, 1608, we are told the apple-squire was the person " to fetch in the wine." The term was often ap))lied to a ])imp. Miege translates it, un grassier ecuyer de dame. See Middleton's Works, iii. 232; Cotgrave, in v. Ciieil/eur; Florio, in v. Guatiro; Beau- mont and Fletcher, ii. 332 ; Hall's Satires, i. 2; Dodslcy's Old Plays, xi. 284. His little lackey, a proper yong apple-squire, called Pandarus, whiche catrieth the keye of his chamber with hym. Bultien's Dialogue, 1573, p. 8. Apple-squyera, entycers, and ravysshcrs. These to our place have dayly herbegers. Vtteraon't Pop, Poet. ii. 39. Such stuffe the divell did not tast, only one little hellhound, acronie of mync, andone of .SL George'i apple-squiree. MS. Bodl. 30. APPLE-STUCKLIN. An apple-turnover. Hants. In Norfolk it is called an applc-twehn. APl'LE-TERRE. An apple orchard. This word was formerly used in Sussex, but seems to be now obsolete, lluloet, in his Abcedarium, 1552, gives apple-yard in the same sense. In Devonshire, they have a curious custom at Christmas of firing powder at apple trees and singing lays round them to make them more fruitful. Brand mentions other customs oi the same kind. APPLl ABLE. Capable of being applied. And therto many of the contrye of Kint were ai- scntynge, and cam with Iheyr good wills, as people redy to be apptiable to suchc seditUnis commoclons. Arrival of FAtvard IV. p. .13. APPLI.\NCE. An application ; a remedy applied to cure a disease. See how it is used in 2 Ilcnrv IV. iii. 1 APP APPLIMEN'T. Application. Jnc. Dr. APPLOT. To plot ; to contrive. Tai/lor. \PPLY To take a certain couise ; to ply. A nautical term. (Laf.) Shakespeare uses it in the sense to applv to, in Tam. Shrevr, i. 1. With the ncxte fludd, which woold be aboute foure of the clock in the mornyng, we entend, God willing , tappl!,e towardes Dover. Stale Pape,<,, l. 81b. APPO. An apple. Chesh. APPOAST. To suborn. Mitisheu. SeeCotgrave, in V. Apposte, Assassin. APPOINT. To impute. Shakespeare, 2 Hen. 1\. iv 1, has it in the sense of to arm, to furnish with implements of war; and appointment, Troilus and Cressida, iv. 5, preparation. If anye of theise wants be in me, I beseeehe your lordshipp appoint them to my extreme stale, more greevous then disease; more unquiet then pryson; more tioblesome to me then a painful dcathe. Harington's !irig7. APPOSE. To raise questions ; to object ; to dis- pute with. (.^.-A'.) It was also used in the sense of to oppose, as m MS. Bib. Reg. 12 B. i. f. 66, " I wvl not be apposyd, nolo mi/ii opponi; and Prompt. PaiT. p. 13. See also Prompt. Parv. p. 144 ; Chaucer, Cant. T. 7179, lo831 ; Skelton's Works, i. 321 ; Middleton's Works, i. 304. Tho the pocple hym apposede With a peny in the temple. Piers Ploughman, p. 18. APPOSICION. Annexation of substantives. But tliis yonge childryne that gone to the scole hare in here bonete this questione, howmany thinges fallen to appo^sicionf .\nde it isansweride, that case alle only that is afalle. Gcsta Ranumorum, p. 472. APPOSITEES. .Antipodes. For alle the parties of see and of lond han here apposilees, habitables or trcpassablcs, and thei of this half and be;ond half. MaitideuUeS Travels, p. 182. APPREHENSION. According to its hteral im- port, means la^^ng hold of, or catching, as we still use it applied to otfenders against the law. Thus in Harrison's description of the pearl- muscle, which is said to have been frequently found in the rivers Dee and Don, the manner of apprehension is Ukemse mentioned. In Beaumont and Fletcher, iii. 171, it seems to be used in the sense of imagination. APPREHENSnii. Of quick conception ; per- ceptive. 1 fly unseen, as charmers in a mist. Grateful revenge, whose sharp-sweet relist fats My apprehenaire soul. The True Trojana, iii. 8 74 APP My father oft would speak Your worth and virtue; and, as I did grow More and more apprehensive, I did thirst To see the man so prais'd. Beaumont and Fletcher, i. 3L!8. APPREIFFE. Contrivance, (fc) This good king, by witte of such appreiffe. Kept his marchants and the sea from mischiefc. Haktut/t'a Navigations, 1590, i. 191. APPRENTICE-AT-L.\\V. A counsellor, the next in rank under a Serjeant. He speaks like master Practice, one that is The child of a profession he is vow'd to. And servant to the study he hath taken, A pure apprcniice-at-lau- i Ben Jonson's 3fagnetic Lade, iii. 3. APPRENTICE-HOOD. Apprenticeship. Must I not serve a long apprentice-hood. Richard II. I 3. APPRESSED. Oppressed. Trowth and pore men ben appressed. And myscheffis nothyng redressed. Eicerpt. Hist. p. 3Cl>. APPREST. Preparation. {Fr.) Seen the said man's declaration, and my saide Lorde Admyralles declaration, that there is no apprest of any ships in Spayne to any purpose to be regarded. Stale Papers, i. 594. All the winter following Vespasian laie at Yorke, making his apprests against the ne.tt spring to go against the Scots and Picts. Holinshed, Hitt. Scot. p. 48. APPRINZE. Capture. I mean not now th' apprinze of Pucell Jone. Minour for Magistrates, ed. ICIO, p. 311. APPRISE. Learning. (A.-N.) For slouthe is ever to despise, Whiche in desdeyne hath alle apprise. Couer, MS. Soc. Aniiq. 134, f. 118. APPROACHER. One who approaches or draws near. See Timon of Athens, iv. 3. APPROBATE. Approved ; celebrated. In MS. Ashmole 59, f. 35, mention is made of a ballad " by that approbate poete Lidegate, the Munk of Bun-e." Cf. MS. Addit. 5467, ff. 71, 85. Havyiig perfect confidence and sure hope in the approbate fidelitie and constaunt integrilie whiche I have ever experimented. Hall, Edtvard I V. f. CO. Nowe yf she refuse in the deliveraunce of hym to folowe the wisdome of theira, whose wisdome she knoweth, whose approbate fidelitee she trusteth, it is easye to perceave that frowardnesse letteth her, and not feare. Supp. to Harding, I. 46. .\PPROB.\TION. (1") Proof; approval. — How many, now in health, Shall drop their blood in approbation Of what your reverence shall incite us to. Henry f- i. 2. (2) Noviciate. This day my sister should the cloister enter. And there receive her approbation. Meas. for Meas. i. 3. APPROCHEMENT. Approach. The Frenchmen whiche were scace up, and thought of nothyng lesse then of thys sodayn approchement, some rose out of their beddes in their sherles, and lepte over the wailes. Hall, Heiirs/ ri. t. 21. APPROMENT. Approvement ? If it please you to assigne me, send me word what increse and appronu:nt ye wyll gyve, and I wyll applie my mynd and service to your pleasure and wele. Plumpton Correspondence, p. 88. APR APY APPROMPT. To prompt. Bacon. APPKOOF. Apiirobation. iio his appnu^f lives not in's epitaph. As in your royal speech. Airs Welt that Enda Well, i. 2. APPROPER. To appropriate. SeeSirT. More's Workes, p. 428 ; Maundevile's Travels, p. 35. Withouten hisawenjoyes lesand mare, That till himself sail be apprvprped thare. MS. Harl. i\X, f.257. MIghte es appropirde to Godd the Fadire ; wysdome to God the Sooe; gudnestoGotl tlic Haly Gaste. 3IS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 199. APPROPINQUE. To approach. (Lat.) The knotted blood within my hose, That from my woimded body flows, With mortal crisis doth portend My days to appropin(iue an end, Hudibrat, I.iii. 590. APPROVE. To justify ; to make good ; to es- tablish ; to prove. See Beaumont and Fletcher, ii. 384 ; M. of Veu. iii. 2 ; Two Gent, of V. v. 4. APPROVER. An informer. {A.-N.) A per- son -who had the letting of the king's de- mesnes in small manors to the best advantage was likewise called an approver. This false theef, this sompnour, quod the frere, Hadalway baudes redy to his bond. As any hauke to lure in Englelond, That told him all the sccree that they knewc. For hir acquaintance was not come of newe ; They wercu his appfovers privcly. Chaucer, Cant. T. 6925. APPUGNANT. Quarrelsome. (Lat.) APPULLE. An apple. This is thefonn of the word in iMaiuide\Tle's Travels, p. 9 ; Chron. Vilodun, p. 25. It is also retained in the an- cient dish called appidmov. APPUYED. Supported, '.'itiiiner. A-PUAYSUT. Praised. The Douce MS. reads prayseil, anithe Lincoln MS. omits the line. Hur kcrchefes were curiouse, with mony a proud prene ; Hur enparcl was a-prayeut with princes of myjte. Ruhmn'a Rontartccs , p. 14. APRES. In the inventor}' of Sir John Fastolfe's goods, printed in the Arclucologia, xxi. 263, occiurs the entry, " j. cover of apres lynyd with lynen clothe." Mr. Amyot conjectures hoards skin, ajid Douce supposes it to be cloth of Yjires in nanders, famous for its woollen manufacture. APRIC.VTE. To bask in the sun. [Lai.) His lordship was wont lo recreate himself in this place to aprlcate and contemplate, and his little dog with him. .ttiWci/t IVilta. .V.V. lloi/at Soc. p. 2ti9. APKICOCK. An apricot. Ile«f. Hop in his walks, and gambol in his eyes ; Feed him with apricttcks and dewberries. A Mida. Nit'hfn Dream, ill. 1. APRIL. Ray has the ])roverb, " .\pril — bor- rows three days of March, and tlicy are ill." April is jironounccd willi an emphasis on the last syllable, so as to make a kind of jingling rhyme with ill. See lirand's Pop. Anliq. ii. 25. Thewediling-day is sometimes satirically called ylpril-ilay, in allusion to the common custom of making fools on the 1st of April. In the Merry Wives of Windsor, iii. 2, the Host of the Garter, speaking of Fcnton, says, " he smells April and May ;" that is, of youth and courtsliip. APRIL-GOWK. An April fool. North. APRILLED. Applied to beer or milk which has turned, or is beginning to turn, sour : also metaphorically to a person whose temper has been discomposed. Devon. APRINE. According to Ilonn.in, "swjTiewode for love groyneth, and let passe from them a povsou called aprine." See Prompt. Parv. p. 218. APRISE. (1) Learning. {A.-N.) Crafte or outher queyntyse. But fordcddyst liys apryse. MS. Harl. 170I, f. 26. And that he wote of good apiia. To teche it forth for suche emprise. Cower, MS. Soc.Antiq. 1,34, f. 38. But of hlr court in sondry wise. After the scole of hir aprise. Cower, MS. Bndl. 294. (2) An enterprise ; an adventure. (A.-N.) Sithin alte the loce in the lise. Thou schalle tyne thiae aprUe. Robeon'a Romances, p. 86. Ac yif thou levest hire lesing. Than the fallc a werse aprise. As dede to that elde wise. Sevyn Sages, 1941. APRON. The caul of a hog. Ea.st. The term is more usually a]iplied to the fat skinny cover- ing of the belly of a duck or goose. APUON-M.\N. A w,iitcr. Cf. Coriolanus, iv. C. We had (he salute of welcome, gentlemen, pre- sently : Wilt please ye see a chamber ? It was our pleasure, as we answered the apron-man, to sec, or be very neare the roome where all that noise was. Rowley*s Search for Money, 1G09. APROVE. To prove. Y seighe it meself for sothe. And wil aprove biforn hem bothe. That thai can nought say nay. Amis and Amiloun, 803. APS. The asp, or aspen tree. South ami West. The adjective apsen is also used. There is a farm in the Isle of Wight called Apse. APT. To adapt ; to fit. See Mr. Cunningham's Revels Accounts, p. 101, "aptini/, preparing, furnishing, and setting fourth of divers plaies or showes of histories." APTES. Skinner i)roposes to read aptitudes ia the following jiassage : Thci han as well divers aptfs, and divers maner usyngcs, and thilk aptes mowcn in will ben clepcd alTccclons. Chaucer, ed. i'rry, p, 617. APTLY. Openly. Sec Weber's glossary to the liattle of Floddon Field, p. 235. Perhaps we should read apertty. APTYDE. Apiiclitc. And to make her fresh wyth gay attyrii, She sparith no cost to ycf men aptyde. MS. Laud 416, f. 54. APURT. Impertinent. Somerset. IntheExmoor glossary it is explained, •' sullen, disdainfully silent, with a glouting look." APYDS. Apes. Also f.ast ase he myght fare. Fore berrya and apyes that thcr were. Lest they wold hym byght. Torrent of PoriusaX, p. 86. AQU 76 AQU f. 12(1. in an APYGHTE. Readily. And with ther swyrdys apyghte. Made hut a logge with bowes. MS. Cantab. Ft. ii. 38, APYUM. Parsley. See an old receipt ancient medical MS. at Lincoln, f. 285. AQUA-ACUTA. A composition made of tartaric and other acids, formerly used for cleaning ar- mour. A receipt for it is given in an early medical MS. at Middlehill. AQUABOB. .4n icicle. Kent. Grose gives this word, which seems to be a strange compound of the Latin language and the provincial dialect. A-QUAKE. To tremble. 3yf he hadde slept, hyra tieded awake; 3yf he were wakyng, he shulde a-quake. MS. Harl. 170), f. 52. AQUAL. Equal. North. AQUAPATYS. An ancient dish, the receipt for which is given in the Forme of Cury, p. 41. AQUAT. Sitting on the houghs. Somerset. AQUATIL. Inhabiting the water. Howell, in his Lexicon, explains a crocodile to be " a kind of amphibolous creture, partly aguatit, partly terrestrial." {Lat.) AQUATORIES. Watery places. Thastrologier of heos aquatories, With thastrelabur to take thascendem. MS. .4shmole 59, f. 18. AQUA-VITjE. Several old receipts for making aqua-vitae are given in Deuce's Illustrations, i. 68-70, where the exact nature of it may be seen. Irish aqua-vitic was usquebaugh, but brandy was a later introduction, nor has the latter term been found earlier than 1671. According to Nares, it was formerly in use as a general term for ardent spirits, and Ben Jonson tenus a seller of drams an " aqua-ritie man." See the Alchemist, i. 1 ; Cunningliam's Revels Accounts, p. 146 ; Witts, Fittes, and Fancies, 1595, p. 128. AQUEIGHT. Shook ; trembled. {A.-S.) His fet iu the stiropes he straight. The stirop to-bent, the hors aqueight. Arthour and Merlin, p. 121. The gleumen useden her tunge : The wode aqueightte so by sunge. Kyug AtisaundeTf 5257, AQUEINTABLE. Easy to be acquainted with. {A.-M.) Wherefore be wise and aqueintable. Godelie of worde and resonable, Bothe to lesse and eke to mare. Rom. of the Rose, 2213. AQUELLEN. To kill; to destroy; to subdue. i^.-S.) See Kyng Horn, 881 ; Richard Coer de Lion, 2569 ; Se\'yu Sages, 2758 ; Ritsoa's Ancient Songs, p. 21. And her gref anon hem teld, Hou Fortiger her king aqueld, Arthour and Merlin, p. 16. And seyd him, so ich to-fore teid, Hou the Paiens his folk aqueld. Ibid.p, 271. And gif y schal be thus aqueld, Thurch strong hete in the feld. It were ogain the skille. Gy of TVartvike, p. 323. AQUENCH. To quench, appHed io either thirst or hunger; to destroy. See Aqueynt. Nothing he ne founde in al the ni5te, Wer-mide his honger aquenche mijtte. Reliq. Antiq. ii. 274. Er thou valle of thi bench. Thi jenne aquench. MS. Arundel 57, f. 51 And thusfordoth hem lyf and lyme. And so aquencheth al here venyme. I , „,,„ MS. Addit. 10036, f. 30. AQUETONS. An acquittance. I Of the resayver speke wylle I, ' That fermys resayvys wyt^urly ; Of graynys and hi.ni aquetons makes, Sexpons therfore to feys he takes. Boke of Curtasye, p. 25. AQUEYNT. (1) Quenched with water ; de- stroyed. See Sevyn Sages, 1991 ; ReUq. Antiq. U. 229, {A..S.) As hi stode mid here lijt, As me doth ^ut nou, Here lijt oqueynte oxexaX, Here non nuste hou. MS. {quoted in Boucher.) Ac that fur aqueynte sone. And ne my5te here brenne no^t. MS. Coll. Trin. Oif.n. 57. (2) Acquainted. Therfore loke he bapteme feynte. To be with Phelip so aqueynt. Cursor Mundi, MS. Coll. Trin. Cantab, f. 119. Heo desirith nothyng more, Than to beo to you aqweynt. Kyng Aluaundert 759G, It is so marvellous and queiot, With suche love be no more aqueint. Rom. of the Rose, 5200. AQUILITY. Agility. Florio translates allestire, " to make nimble, she, or quicke, or dight with aquilitie.'* AQUITE. (1) To acquit. God wite in o dai wan it aquited be. Rob. Clnuc. p. 565 I wol the of thy trouthe aquite. Gower, MS. Soc. Antiq. 134, f. 48 Of prisoun shal thou be take away. And ben aquit bifore justise. Curmr Muttdi, MS. CoU. Trin. Cantab, f. 28. (2) Requited. But how it was to hire aquite. The remembraunce dwelleth jit. Gower, MS. Soc. Antiq. 134, f. 153. He wole aqu-t/te us ryth wele oure mede. And I have lysens for to do. Coventry Mysteries, p. 335. (3) To pay for. (A.-N.) Or if his winning be so lite, That his labour will not aquite SiilBciauntly al his living, Yet may he go his brede begging. Roniaunt v/ the Rose, 6742. AQUOINTE. Acquainted. And he was a(^Hoin(e muche to thequeneof Fraunce, And somdel to muche, as me w.nde, so that in soin """S [king. The quene lavede, as me wendc, more him than the Ru6. GIvue. p. 465. I trust we shalbe better aqiwynt. And I shalie stande better yn your grace. AQL OT. Cloyed ; weary with eating. Devon. " Chave eat so much cham quit aquot" i. e. AHA 11 AHA I can eat no more, I have eaten so much that I am cloyed. Ray gives this example in his English words, 1674, p. 80. AQUOY. Coy; shy. With that she knit her brows. And looking all aquoy. Quoth she, What shouM ! have to do With any prentice boy ? George BamwelU 2d P^ AQU\TED. Quitted ; made to quit. Y am of Perce deschargid. Of Mede, and of Assyre aquyted. Kyng AUsaunder, 3869. AR. (1) A scar; a pockmark. This word is ex- tremely common in the North of England. In MS. Bib. Rig. 17 C. xvii. f. 40, written in the North about the middle of the fifteenth cen- tury, we have " cicatrix, ar or wond." (2) An oar. And grop an ar that wa; ful god, Lep to the dore so he wore wod. Havelok, 1776. (3) Or. See Prompt. Parv. p. 83. Heame gives ar the meanings, " as, after, before, ere, till." See Gloss, to Rob. Glouc. p. 617. For them had no man dere, Reche ar pore wethyr they were. They ded ever ryght. Sir Cleges, 35. (4) Before. Al this world, ar this book blynne. With Crlstishelpe I shal over-ryrme. Cursor iIundi,MS. Coll, Tnn. Cantab, f. I, Aboute mydnyght, ar the day. Whiles he madeconjuryng, Scheo saw fleo, in hire metyng, Hire thought a dragon adoun lyght ; To hire chaumbre he made his flyght. Kyng Aiisaunder, 344. ARACE. To draw away by force. {A.-N.) Skin- ner also gives it the sense of erase. See Har- rington's Nugas Antique, i. 47; Rom. of the Rose, 1752. And in hire swough so sadly holdeth she Hire children two, whan she gan hem embrace, That with grct sleight and gret difficultee The children from hire arm they gan arrace. Chaucer, Gint. T. 8079. ARACH. The herb orach. Mimheu. Palsgrave, f. 18, has arage, q. v, ; and a much earUer form occurs in a list of plants in MS. Harl. 978, aranches. ARADDE. Explained. Compare the printed edition of 1532, f. 4. This was the sweven whiche he haddc. That Danielle anone aradde. Gower, 3IS. Soc. Antuj. 134, f. 34. ARAFE. A kind of precious stone. Ilir paytrcUe was of a riallc fyne, Hlr cropur was ofara/tf. MS. Cantab. Ff. v. 48, f. ll'i ARAFTE. Struck; smote. That peple seyde than, ThyB ys fend Satan, That mankciide wyll forfare. For wham Lybcauus arafte, After hys fersio drawghtc Me »lcp for evcrmare. Lybeaua DUcouua, 1129. ARAGI-:. The lierb orach. Prompt. Parv. ARAGKD. Enraged. (J.-N.) \iu\ whanno lie had cicn hit, he swaDe soo tyl he bratt, and there aire l*atrycc fclle doun nodcnly dcedo amonge hem. Thenne every knyghte lep(e fi-om the bord ashamed and aroyed, for wrathe nygheoute of her wyttes. Morle d'Arthut, ii. 321. ARAIN. A spider. According to Ray this is the name given in Northamptonshire to the larger kind of spiders, but he <^lso gives its more general meaning in his North count rj' words. Aran-web is a cobweb in Northumberland. Aranyeis, the form of the word in the Prompt. Parv. p. 14. Derham, as quoted by Richard- son, uses the word araneous. Sweep i\i'arrana down, till all be clean, neer lin. Els he'l leauk all agye when becomes in. Yorkshire Dialogue, 16f>7, p. 5». ARAISE. To raise. See the example from the arrival of King Edward IV. p. 23, quoted under Arredy ; Morte d'^Vrthur, ii. 54, 85, 432, 436. Swych men areyaen baner Ajens holy cherches power. .V.S-. Harl. 1701, f. .''.l. Anon the busshop bad she shuld not tary. But to areyse the bagge and make hym cary, MS. Laud. 416, f. 1. ARANEE. A spider. And jif je fynde that the aranee have y-maad hureweb by the myddel of hem, it is a tokeiie that It is of no long while, or at the Iccst it is of the myd- del overnone of the day byfure. MS. liodl. 546. A-RANKE. In a rank ; in a row. The day is come; the pretty dames. Which be so free and fraiike. Do go so sagely on the way, By two and two a-raukc. Galfrido and Hernardo, 1570. ARAPE. QuicUy. {lat.) Over theo table he leop arape. Kyng Misaumdet; 4239. ARAS, (1) Arose. Or I fro the bonl aras. Of my frend betrayd y was. 3/5. Addit. 11307, f. 91. (2) Arrows. Bomcn bickarte uppone the bent With iher browd aras cleare. Chevy Cftase. ARATE. To rate ; to scold ; to correct. (A.-S.) And foule y-rebukcd. And a-rated of richc men That ruthe !s to here. Piera Ploughman, p. 283. ARAUGHT. Seized ; taken away by force. From Areche,q.v. Sec the Sevyn Sages, 895; Kyng of Tars, lOyO. It is used also in the sense of struck, or seized by tlie weapon ; and reached, as in the tliird exanii)le. (A.-S.) Right bifor the doukea fet, Gij araught him with a staf j:ret. Cy of Warwikt, p. 225. Al that ever his a\ araught, Smcrtlich his dcth he laught. MS. Aru»d. Coll. Arm. 58, f. 961 Criste wroujte first and after taujte. So that the dedc his wordc arauyc. Gower, MS. Soc. Antiq. 134, f. 138. Florice the ring here arauit. And he him ajen hit breau5t. Florice and Jtlanch^our, 717* So stume strokes thay a-ra-^te, Eythcr til other Uic whylc. MS. Athmol* 53. A-RAWE. In a row. ARB ARC Tharnas man that ther neve come, That l.ene was to-corwtn anon So griseliche be the eiigins, For to sle the Sarrazines In ich half y-sctt a-rair€. G.y of Wai-u-ike, p. 125. And dede him tuissknely a-ratve. And almost hadde him y slawe. Arthour and Merlin, p. 334. ARAWIS. Arrows. Theyr hoked aiawis dothe ever bakward flte. Lydgate's Minor Poems, p. 17I. ARAYE. (1) Order. (.-^.-iV.) The time of underne of the same day Approcheth, that this wedding shulde be. And all the paleis put was in array, Both halle and chambres eche in his degree. Chaucer, Cant. T. 8138. (2) Equipage. " Man of aray," a king. Y have wetyn, sytli y wjs man of way. He hath slayne syxty on a day. MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 65. And to the peples eres all and some Was couth eke, that a newe markisesse He with him brought, in swiche pomp and richesse. That never was ther seen with maunes eye So noble array in al West Lumbardie. Chaxicer, Cant. T. 8821. [Z) Clothing. Som saiden, women loven best richesse, Som saiden honour, som saiden jolinesse, Som riche array, som saiden lust a-bedde, And oft time to be widewe and to be wedde. Chaucer, Cant. T. 6".09. (4) Situation. Thou standest yet, quod she, in swiche array. That of thy lif yet hast thou no seurelee. Chaucer, Cant. T. 6484. (5) To di-ess. Whan that the 6rste cock hath crowe anon, Up rist this joly lover Absolon, And him arayeth gay at point devise. Chaucer, Cant.T. 3689. (6) To dispose ; to afflict. See Chaucer, Cant. T. 8837 ; Towneley Mysteries, p. 40 ; Skelton's Works, ii. 197. Hormau apphes the word to illness, — " he was sore arayed vrith sycknesse." In the Morte d^Vrthur, ii, 374-5, it seems to be a substantive, in the sense of disorder, tu- mult ; and Mr. Dyce gives quotations from Reynard the Fox, in which it occm-s as a verb in a similar signiticatiou. In Mauudevile's Travels, p. 214, it means to prepare, to aiTange. ARAYNED. Tied up. And thenne he alyghte doune, and arayned his hors on the btydel, and bonde alle the thre knyghtes fast with the raynes of their owne brydels. M">te d'.-irthur, i. 156. ARAYN YE. Sand. So it is explained in Promjjt. Parv. MS. Harl. 221, f. 5, liy the Latiu ar/>ua. The other copies read aranyp, aranea, for wluch this may be an error, but not " evidently," as stated by Mr. Way. ARAYSING. Advancing. Also, inavfl.vjfi'i^'theauncyaunt nobles of England, the king hath appoynted a good nonmbre of noble persones of this his realme to take the ordre of knyghthode, and be made knights of the Bath Rutland Papers, p. 3. ARBAGE. Herbage. Sir, afnr the arbage, dout yt not ; for Sir Henry Wtntforth, nor yet none other, can have it, nor nothinge that belongeth to David. Plumpton Correspondence, p. 94. AHBER. (1) An arbom*. Skinner has arberer in the same sense. And in the garden, as I wene. Was an arber fiiyre and grene. And in the arber was a tre, A fayrer in the world might none be. Sqttyr of Lowe Degrt , 28. (2) To mane the arber, a phrase in hunting, is to disembowel the animal, which must be done in a neat and cleanly manner. The dogs are then rewarded with such parts of the entrails as their two-legged associates do not think proper to reserve for their own use. See Scott's notes toTristrem, p. 387 ; Ben Jonson, \i. 270. ARBERYE. M'ood. In that contree is but lytille arberye, ne trees that beren frute, ne othere. Thei lyjn in teutes, and thei brennen the dong of bestes for defaute of wode. Maunde file's Travels, p. 256 Enhorilde with arborye, and alkyns trees. Morte Arthure, MS. Lincoln, f.87. ARBESET. A strawberr>' tree. {J.-N.) Thou schalt fynde trowes two: Seyntps and holy they buth bo. Hygher than in othir contray all ; Arbeset men heom callith. Kyng Alisaurtder, 6765. ARBITRATE. To determine. Thoughts speculative their unsure hopes relate; But certain issue strokes must arbitrate. Macbeth, V, 4. ARBITRIE. Judgment. Chaucer. ARBLAST. An alblast, q. v. (.^.-.V.) But rise up your mangonel. And cast to their tree-castel. And shoot to them with arblast. The tailed dogs for to aghast ! Richard Cver de Lion, 1867- With bouwe and areblast thare schoten to him, Four hondrctkiiVjtesand mo. MS. Laud \08,(. 123. ARBLASTIR. An alblastere, q. v. (J.-N.) Men siinin ovir the wall stonde Gret engins, which y-were nere-honde. And in the kermis here and there Of arbla-ttirs grete plentie were ; None armour mighte ther stroke withstonde. It were foly to prese to honde. Rom. of the Rose, 4196. ARBOUSES. The dark hard cherry. Howeli. ARBROT. A chemical salt. Sal arbmt, and sal alkelim, Salgerae i-rayngut with hym. MS, Cantab, Ff. v. 48, f. 94. ARBUSTED. Filled \vith strawberry trees. What pleasures poets fame of after death. In the Elizean arbusted groves. The Cyprian Academy, 1647* p. 64. ARC. A mare's tail cloud, or cirrhus, in the form of a streak crossing the sky. Hoefordsh* See .-irk. ARCANE. Secret. Have I been disobedient to thy words ? Have I buwray'd thy arcane secrecy ? Locrine, v. 6. ARCANETRYKK. Arithmetic. I do not recol- lect having met vnth this form of the word elsewhere. ARC 79 ARE GemetT^'e and arcanetrt/kJe, Retorykk anil musykk. MS. Ctmlab. Ff. ii. 31!, f. 127. ARCEL. The liverwort. Skinner. ARCETER. A person skilled in the arts anil sciences. "Arceter, or he that lernetUe or techethe arte, or//.v?a."— Prompt. Parv. The other editions read arcetyr. ARCETIK. In an early collection of medical recipes in MS. in the library of Lincohi Ca- thedral, f. 307, is one " for the gout arcetik." See Artetykes. ARCH. (1) Acliief; a master. The noble duke, my master. My worthy arch and patron, comes to-night. King heart ii. 1. (2) A piece of ground left unworked. A mining term. ARCHAL. Liverwort. Phillips. ARCHANGEL. The dead nettle. See the No- menclator, p. 138 ; Cooperi Thesaurus, in v. Anonium. The word occurs in the Rom. of the Rose, 915, apparently meaning some kind of bird, the original French being mesange, a titmouse. ARCHARDE. An acorn. It is translated by j?tan« in Prompt. Parv. p. 6. ARCHDEAN. Apparently put for archdeacon, in a passage from Gascoigne quoted by Nares. ARCHDIACKE. An archdeacon. {A.-N.) Where archbishop and arrhdiacre Y-songin full out the servise, Aftir the custorae and the guise And holie churchis ordinauuce.C/ioucn-'»Z)reamc,213e. ARCHER. The bishop at chess was formerly so called. ARCHET. An orchard, ll'ilts. ARCHEWIVES. Wives of a superior order. Ye arcttewivf^s, stondeth ay at defence. Sin ye be strong as is a gret camaille, Ne sulfteth not that men do youofTcnce. Chaucer, Cant. T. 9071. ARCHICAL. Chief; principal. So that Parmenides did also agree in this acknow- ledgcmcul of a Trinity of divine or arcliUal hypos- tases. Cudwifrlli'/i Intell. Sl/steni, p. ;iU7. ARCHIDECLYNE. The master of the feast at the marriage in Cana. See the Towneley Mys- teries, p. 207. Lyke to the watyr of Jrehideclt/ne, Wichc be mcracle were turned into wyne. Lt/dgate't Minor Poems, p. 13. ARCHIMASTRYE. Chemistry. Maistrycfull niervcylous and urc'iimojdya Is the tincture of holl Alkimy. Jthmole'n neat. Client. Brit. p. 13. ARCHITECT. Architect lu-e. To lindc an house y-built for holy deed. With goodly arcliitect and cloisters wide. Browne'u Uril. PaatoraU, l(i2.*>, p. 9*i. ARCHITEMPLES. Chief temples. And the erchbischoprichcs as the thre arcMlemplet were. As yt were of alio chef Crislcndom to lere. Rob. Ctouc. p. 74. AUCHMASTUIE. Arithmetic. For what strangers may be compared with M. Thomas Digges esquire, our countryman, the great nitUtcr of archmaalrii:)' Davi^t Scamant SecrelM, 1W4. .\RCUBALISTER. An alblastere, q. v. In cverie of thein he set lirst archers and arcitba. Ii.8. (2) Delay. {A.-N.) Alas, than comlth a wilde lioncssc Out of the wode, withoutln more areat. Thlabt of Babylon, 101. (3) To Stop. {A.-N.) And ther our hoste began his hors areai, And saide, iordcs, herkenclh If you lest. Oiauctr, Canl. T. S29. (4) Relatest. Palmer, ryghtly thou areit All the maner. Darst thou ryde upon thys best To the ryvcre. And water hym that thou ne falic * Octovian Imperatort 1425. (5) Rancid. Prompt. Parv. ARESTENESSE. Rancidity, applied to meat. See Prompt. Parv. p. 14. Rancid bacon is called reesty in the prorinces. ARESTOGIE. A kind of herb ? Sec the Archa;- ologia, XXX. 404. ARETHEDE. Honour. (A.-S.) Whare folkes sittis in fere, Thare solde mene herkene and here Of beryns that by fore were. That lylfed In arelhede. Sir Degrevant, Lincoln 31S, ARETTE. (1) Toimpute,adjudge,reckon.(^.-A'.) See Apology for the Lollards, pp. 26,85, 104; Chaucer, Cant. T. 728 ; Persones Tale, p. 63 ; Morte d'jVrthur, p. ii ; Philpot's Works, p. 350 ; Wickliffe's New Test. P/iitr The victorye cs nojte aretted to thame that flier, hot to thame that habydez or folowes on the chaee. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 15. (2) Hence, to value, to esteem. " We arretiden not him," old MS. translation of Isaiah, liii. quoted in MS. Rawl. C. 155, from a copy at Cambridge. According to Cowell, a person is arretted, " that is covenanted before a judge, and charged with a crime." See his Inter- preter, 1658. Rider translates it by ad rectum vocatus. The verb arret is used by Spenser in the sense to decree, to appoint. AREVANT. Back again. Themeyn sballe ye nebylle. And 1 shalle syng the trebille, Arevant the deville, Tille alle this hole rowte. Towneley Myateriet, p. 319. AREVYD. Arrived. They arevyd at the see stronde. MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 98. A-REW. In a row. See Spenser's Faerie Queene, V. xii. 29 ; Reliq. Antiq. i. 295 ; Rob.Glouc. p. 338 ; Prompt. Pan-, p. 14. Firste that myn ordre longcth too. The vicis for to telle a-rewe. Gowtr, MS. Soc. Jntiq. 134, f. 39. AREWE. (1) To pity. Jhesu Christ urew hem sore, Ant seidc he woldc vacche hem thore. Harrowing of HtU, p 16. (2) To make to repent ; to grieve. The Crystyn party become so than, That the fylilu they myjt not wytinci Al\earewj/d hyt, kyngc und knyght. MS. Cimtab. Kf. 11. 38. f. 9\ The flirate artycul of thys gcmetry : — The mayslcr mnaon moste be ful sccurly Bothc BtL'dufast, trusty, and trwe, Hyt shal hym nt-vcr thcnne aretvg. Const. 0/ Siatonry^ p. 15. AREWEN. Arrows. {A.-S.) Tweye bugle-hornet, and a bowe alto, And fyvc arewtn ck thcrto. Kyng Mli^undtr, 5983. AREWE S. Arrows. ARG 82 He bar a bowe in his hand. And mauye brode arewes. Piers Ploughman, p. 432. AREYNED. Arrested. (A.-A'.) A man they inette and hym areyned. To bere the Crosthey hymconstreyned. MS. Harl. 1701, f. 88. AREYTHE. Aright. Anon to hem sche made complaynt. And tolde hem all at-fj/the. Fiere and the Boy, St. xxix. ARFE. Afraid ; backward ; reluctant. North. Sometimes arfish, m the same sense. Whaugh, mother, how she rowts ! Ise varra arfe, Shee*l put and rive my good prunella scalfe. Yorlt pri veliche. lit/ of n'aru'ike, p. 87. ARLING. "An arlim/, a liyrde that appearcth not in winter, aclotbyrdc, a sniatih, ciniteo." IJarcfs Alvearic, 1580. See also MulTett's Ikaltii's Improvement, 1655, p. 100; Florio, in V. l''rtt,vi-mony. Skelton's Works, i. 5t{. ARMORIKE. Basse Bretagne in France, an- ciently called Britannia Armorica. In Armnrike, that called is Bretaigne, Ther was a knight, that loved and did his peine To serve a ladie in his beste wise. Chaucer, Cant. T. 11041. ARMORWE. The morrow. An armortce erliehe Themperourarossikerliche. Gyof Warwike, p.ll". ARMS. The arms of a hawk are the legs from the thi^^h to the foot. See the Laws of the Forest and Game, 1709, p. 40. ARMURE. Armom-. (A.-X.) See Melibeus, p. 114 ; Lydgate's Minor Poems, p. 260. In the latter instance, the form of the word is armwri/s, ARMYE. A naval armament. Whiche I thought not convenyent, conjecturing that with those streynnble wyndes, the rest of tharmi/e comyiig out of Th.imes, and also the Henry, with the Mary Roose, sholde be in the Downes. State Papers, i.791- ARMYLL. A bracelet ; a necklace. (Lat.) The king thus gird with his swerd, and standing, shall take nrtni/U of the Cardinall, saying thise words, accipe armillam, am! it is to wete that armyll is made in maner of a stole wovyn with gold and set with stones, to be putt by the Cardinall aboute the Kinges necke. Rutland Papers ^ p. 18. ARN 85 ARO ARMYN. Ennine. " Blacke sppckes lyke armyne" are mentioned in the Book of St. Albans, sig. A. v. See also Hall, Henry VIII. f. 3 ; Rutland Papers, p. 23 ; Assemble of Ladies, 527. They tokeafiirre of ormj/n. And wrapped the chyldur theryn. MS. Cantab, ft. II. 38, f. 120. And clad them alle in clothys of pryse. And furryd them with arnii/ne. ibid. (. 242. Vour cote arinoure of golde full fyne, And poudred well with good arms/ne. Squyr of Lome Degrt, 231). ARMYSE. Arms. Torrent sayd, Be Marre dere ! And I were off armj/ee clerc, Yowr dowghlhyr me leve were. Totrent of Portugal, p. 4. ARMYTE. A hermit. See Artnett. Instances of armyie occur in Hartshome's Met. Tales, p. 301 ; Le Bone Florence of Rome, 1461. On the morne he gane hym dyjht In armytes aray. MS. Ashmole 0\ , f.30. AR\n'\'ESTAL. Warlike. Thenne said Morgan, sawe ye Arthur myhroder? Ye, said her knyghtes, ryght wel, and that ye shold have founde and we myghte have stered from one stede, for by his armyvestal conteiiaunce he wold have caused us to have fled. Moyte d'Artfiur, i. 110. ARN. (1) To earn. Saloji. It is also a contrac- tion of e'er a one in the West country dialect. Fore he wyll drynke more on a dey Than thou cane lyghtly ai-tie in twey. MS. Ashimli- 61,f. 23. (2) To run ; to flow. (J.-S.) Eldol, erl of Gloucester, also in hys syde Amde, and kepte her and ther, and slow a-boute wyde. Bob. Gtuuc. p. 140. Now rlst grete tabour betyng, Blaweyng of pypes, and ek trumpyng, Stedee lepyng, and ek ainijtig. Kj/tig AUsautidefj 21G5. Anon so sein Joan this l-sci^h. He arnde aftur anon. And slwede him also stifliche Asehlahors mljhtegon. il/S.Laud. 108, f.IT.'J. (3) An eagle. (A.-S.) ARNALDIE. A kind of disease, mentioned by the early chroniclers without explanation. Skinner considers the word of Arabic origin, but see Ducange, in v. ArnahUa, who con- fesses its precise meaning is not known. ARNARY-CIIEESE. Ordinary or common cheese made of skimmed milk. Dorset. ARND. An errand ; a message. See a curious hymn printed by Heariie, quoted in Hrit. liibl. ii. Bl, and the Catalogue of the Douce MSS. p. 20, which mentions another copy, identifying MS. Douce 128 as the copy of Avcsbury used by Hearne. Amt occurs in Tim Bobbin in the same sense. And iped hem Into Sp.iyne spacll in a while, Andtothekud king Aljihouns kithed hvTcarnd, nui. and Ilia tVerwolf, p. Ino. ARNDERN. The evening. SeK.-lam!o7-ii. When the sad at-tidfrn Khutling in Ihe li^rht. Drauloti's Ou'(, cd, 1748, p. 410. AKNE. Aie. See Black's Pen. Psalms, p. 51 ; Ileame's Fragment, p. 298 ; Chaucer, Cant. T. 4;0C, 8218. In Brytayn this layes ame y-wrytt, Furst y-founde and forthey-gete. Orphn. 13 ARNEDE. An errand. To his wif he went anon, And saide sche most on his arnede gon. Sevyn Sa^fjf 1594. ARNEMELIT. A kind of powder. In the Book of St. Albans, sig. C. ii. is a direction to " fyllc the hole wyth a powdre of arnemelil brcntc." This is probably an error for anmnent. See a similar passage in Rehq. Antiq. i. 302. ARXEMENT. Ink. See the Se\Tn Sages, 2776 j MS. Med. Lincoln, f. 285 ; MS. Sloane 2584, p. 29. (Lat.) He dud make hym a gamement. As black as any arrtemftit. MS. Canlab. Ff. II. 38. f. 13'l. ARNEMORWE. Early in the morning. (A..S.) Bifor Gormoise that cite On arficmorwe than come we. With fif hundred of gode knightes. C// 0/ f^'aru'ike, p. 184. ARNEST. Earnest. See a reading in the King's College MS. quoted in Prompt. Parv. p. 142. At p. 14, it is the translation of »^r«ia, earnest money, hansel. ARNEYS. AiTiioiir. See a curious stage di- rection in the Coventry Mysteries, p. 283. ARNS. Aries, q. v. North. ARNT. (1) Have not ; am not. Jfest. (2) An errand. Nort/i. ARNUT. The earth-nut, or pig-nut, frequently eaten by boys in the north of England. AROINT. A word of cxpuUiim, or avoiding. Douce thinks there is no doubt that it signifies, away! run! and that it is of Saxon origin. See his Illustrations, i. 371. It occurs thrice in Shakespeare in this sense, Macbeth, i. 3, and King Lear, iii. 4, a])j»iiedin each instance to witches. The print published by Hearne, referred toby the commentators, seems scarcely applicable. See Arougt. The fomih folio reads anoint, according to Steevens, a reading which may ]ierhaps be confirmed by a pa^jsage in Ikn Jonson's Mascpie of tjuecns : sisters, stay, wc want our Dame ; Call upon her by her name. And tile charm we u^c to iay, That she quiikly ttnoinf, and eomc away. But as the word is spelt aroynl three times in the early editions, we are scarcely justified in proposing an alteration, Itay explains "ri/nt y.'," t/y your leave, sfanif tnnitsonifty, and gives the Cheshire proverli. "Hijnt yon. witch, quoth Besse Locket to her mother." This proverbial saying jiobilively eonmicts rynt with aroint, and M'iliirahani informs us tiiat " rynt thee" is an expression used by milkiuaiils to a cow when she has been milked, to bill her to get out of tlie way, which is more liki'ly to be correct than Ruy's exidanation. Boucher goes fiu-lher, and says, aroint is the word ust:il in that county; but Uay's proverb is sutlicieut, and of good au- thority, because he docs not appear to have ARO 86 ARR had the Shakespearian word in view. The connexion between aroint and rynt being thus estaliUshed, it is clear that the compound ety- mology proposed by Mr. Rodd, in Knight's Shakspere, is iuadmissible. A more plausible one is given in Nares's Glossary, in v. from the Latin averrunco, the participle of which may have been formed into aroint, in the same way that pnnctttm has become point; iunctum, joint, &c. See also Collier's Shake- speare, vii. 103, where the same conjecture is revived, and attributed to a more recent writer. The a may have been dropped, and Mr. Wil- braham's conjectural origin from arowina re- ceives some confirmation from a passage quoted in Collier's Hist. Dram. Poet. ii. 289, where the form of that word is aroine ; but perhaps we shoidd read arome. AROJIAZ. A spice. " Sniirles of aromaz" are mentioned in MS. Cott. Titus D. xiiii. f. 14-2. The tother to mirre, the thridde to flour. The ferthe like to aronmte. Cursor Mundi, MS. CM. T/ in. Cantab, f. 129. ARON. The starchwort. Minsheu. See Aaron. A-ROST. Roasted. Thcnne tnot ych habbe hennen a-rosC, Feyr on fyhshe day launprey ant lax. Wright's Political Songs, p. 151. AROUGT. This word occurs in an old print copied by Hearne from an ancient illumination representing the harrowing of hell. It means, probably, go ont, but see Aronte. AROUME. Aside; at atUstauce. It is translated by remote, deprope, seorsum, in Prompt. Parv. p. 14. See Book of Fame, ii. 32 ; Kyng AH- saunder, 1637; Richai'd Coer de Lion, 464; Corner's Hist. Dram. Poet. ii. 289; Digby Mysteries, p. 188. {A.-S.) The geaunt arotimt- he stode, H is hoDd he tint y-wis ; He flejghe, as he wer wode, Ther that the castel is. Sir Tristrem, p. 263. And drough hem wel fer amume. ArthiHtr and Mtrlin, p. 214. And thenne shulde the lord and the mayster of the game, and alle the hunters, stoudea^-oomalaboute the reward, and blowe the deeth. MS. Bodl 546. AROUN. Aroimd. North. Ayren they leggilh as a griffon, Ac they beon more fcor aroun. Kt/tig .-lUsaunder, G(;o.3. AROUTE. (1) Togo; to move about. (Sii. G.) Lo, seyde the emperour, Byhold now aboute. And oure Godis honure ich rede. Other thou shelt herto aroute. MS. Coll. Tiin. Oion. 57. He my;te not wonne in the wonesfor witt that he usid. But a-rouutid for his ray, and rebuked ofte. Dcpo.M'rioji of Richard I J. p. 22. In all that lond no Christin durst arout, Cliattca; ed. Vrry, p. 53. (2) An assembly. Goneer. AR0U3T. Explained. Here swevcn bi him tolden word after word, Josep here sweven sone haveth aroujt. MS. Bodl. 652, f. 5 AROVE. (1) Rambling about. Craven. (2) Arrived. His navyr? greate with many soudyoureB, To sayle anone into this Britayn made. In Thamis arovc, wher he had ful sharpe shores. Hardyiig's Chronicle, f. 36. .\-ROWE. In a row ; successively. Thabot present him a scliip Ther that mani stode a-routce. Legend of Pope Gregr>ry, p. 31. For tlire nyjtes a-rowe he seyje that same syjt. Chron. Vilodun. p. 68. AROWZE. To bedew. (Fr.) Nares doubts the correctness of this explanation, and considers it has the usual sense ofaroiise. The blissful dew of heaven does arotcze you. Tlie Two Noble Kinsmen, V. 4. ARPEYS. A kind of resin, composed of tallow and tar. A mentiou of it occurs in an early English medical MS. at Stockholm. See the Arcba;ologia, xxx. 404. ARPIES. Harpies; furies. Sende out thine arpies, send anguishe and dole. Chaucer, ed. Vrry, p. 527. ARPINE. An acre. (Fr.) Privacy ' It shall be given him In opfu court ; I'll make him swallow it Before the judge's face : if he be master Of poor ten arpines of land forty hours longer. Let the world repute me an honest woman. Webster's Works, ii. 82. ARPIT. Quick; readv. Salop. ARPSICORD. A harpsichord. So Cotgrave spells the word, in v. Harpechorde. ARRABLE. Horrible. Fendis led hir with arrable song Be-hynde and jeke before. MS. Cantab. Ff. v. 48, f. 43. ARRABYS. Arabian horses. Moyllez mylke whitte, and mervayllous bestez, Elfaydes and arrahi/s, and olyfauntez noble. Morte Arthure, MS. Lincoln, f, 77. ARRACIES. Atermapphedtothe sraalleranimals of the chase, which were skinned, similarly to the process now used for hares and rabbits, in opposition to Hayed. See ReUq.Antiq. i. 151-2; Sir H. Drvden's Twici, p. 29. ARRAGE. (1) Vassal service in ploughing the lord's land. The terms arraije and carriage are frequently used together, as descriptive of an important part of the services which, in feudal times, vassals owed to their lords. (2) To go about furiously. (^.-.V.) I shall sende for them all that ben subgettys and alyed to thempyre of Rome to come to myn ayde, and forthwith sente old wyse knyghtes unto these countrayes folowynge, fyrste to ambage and ai-rnge, to Alysaundrye, to Ynde, to Hermonye. Morte d^ Arthur, i. IS.'i. ARRAHIND. Around. Staff. ARRAIGN. To arrange. See them arraigned : I will set forward straight. Webster's Works, ii. 261- ARRALS. Pimples; eruptions on the skin. Cnml). ARRAND. An errand. Si-inner. The form arrant is still used in the North, and is found in Mid- dleton's Works, v. 5. Howell, in his collection of Enjhsh Proverbs, p. 2, gives the following: " Oae of the four and twenty quahties of a knave is to stay long at his arrattd." ARR 87 ARR ARRANT. Malory, in his Morte d'Arthur, i. 199, &c. applies this word to l7. ARRIVANCE. The arrival of company. For every minute Is expectancy Of morertrrirnnce. Or/ie//o, ii. I. ARRIVE. (1) To arrive at. But ere we could arrive the point propos'd, Caesar cried. Help me, Casslus, or 1 sink. Julius Cirsar, 1. 2. (2) An arrival. Whose forests, hills, and floods, then long for her arriect F'rom Lancashire. Draj/tnn's Puls/olbiori, p. 11H2. ARRODE. Herod. In the account of the Co- ventry Pageants, 1489, is a ]iaymcnt for " a gowen to Arrtide." See Shorji's Diss, on the Coventrv Mvst. p. 28. ARROGATION. Arrogance. More. ARRONLY. ExceetUngly. Lane. ARROS. Arrows. The first of arroa that the sliote off. Seven skore spcar-mcn the sli.Ufihe. Percy's tielliju§s, p. 3L ARS 88 ARROSE. This is the reading in one edition of Hardyng's Chronicle, where the others read arove, q. v. ARROW. Fearful. Rider. ARROW-HEAD. A kind of aquatic plant. Skinner. ARROW-HEADERS. The making of arrow- heads formerly constituted a separate trade. Lanterners, stryngers.grynders, Arowe-hcders, maltemen, and corne-mongers. Cocfte Lorelles Bote, p. 10. ARROWRE. An error. This arrowre had he in hys thoght, And in hys thoght a slepe hym toke. MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38. f. 240. ARRO^TY. Abounding in arrows. Milton, Para- dise Regained, b. iii. has " sharp sleet of arrowy shoioer," which is apparently plagiarised by Gray in the following passage. Now the storm begins to lower. Haste, the loom of hell prepare ! Iron sleet of ariotvy shower Hurtles in the darken'd air. Grat/s Fatal Sisters. ARRWUS. Arrows. This form of the word occurs in a strange burlesque printed in Reliq. Antiq. i. 82. ARRY. Any. Somerset. ARRYN. To seize. And the Jewys xul crye for joy with a gret voys, and arrj/n hym, and pullynofhis ctothis, and byndyn hym to & pelcre, and skorgyn hym. Coventry MyBteries, p. 316. ARS. Art ; science. This word was usually em- ployed to signify the occult sciences. (Lat.) Barounes weorewhilera wys and gode. That this urs wcl undurstode : Ac on ther was, Neplanamous, Wis in this ars, and malicious. Kt/n^ Atisaunder. 7-- ARS.\RD. Unwilling ; perverse. Var. dial. It is sometimes pronounced arset. ARSBAWST. A fall on the back. Staff. ARSBOORD. The hinder board of a cart. Staff. ARSEDINE. A kind of ornamental tinsel some- times called assadi/, or orsadi/, which last is probably the correct word. Ben Jonson men- tions it in his Bartholomew Fair, ii. 1. See also Sharp's Diss, on Cov. Myst. p. 29 ; Cun- ningham's Revels' Accounts, pp. 33, 57. See Assidue. Gilford considers it to be a vulgar corruption of arsenic, iv. 405. ARSELING-POLE. The pole with which bakers spread the hot embers to all parts of the oven. East. ARSELINS. Backwards. Norfolk. ARSENICK. T'.ie water-pepper. The herb is mentioned unilcr ihis name in the Nomencla- tor, 1585, p. 126. It is to be distinguished from the miner;il j.uison of the same name. ARSEPUSH. A fall on the back. Hon-ell. ARSESMART. The periscaria. It is called the water-pepper by Kersey, and is the translation of enrage in Hollyband's Dictionarie, 1593. Coles, in his .Art of SimpUng, says, " It is said that •* a haudfull of arsmart be put under the ART saddle upon a tired horse's back, it will make him travaile fresh and lustily." See Brand's Pop. Antiq. iii. 165 ; Aubrey's Nat. Hist. Wilts. MS. Soc. Reg. p. 139. ARSEVERSE. According to Blount's Glosso- graphia, ed. 1681, p. 51, this word is " a pre- tended spell, written upon the door of an house to keep it from burning." ARSEWISPE. Rider gives this word, which scarcely requires explanation, as the transla- tion of the Latin anitergium. ARSLE. To move back%vards ; to fidget. East. Cotton, in his Virgil Travestie, ed. 173-4, p. 5, has arsing about, turning round. ARSMETRIK. Arithmetic. {Lat.) Arsmetrik is lore That al of figures is. MS. Ashmole 43, f. 180. And arametryk, be castyng of nombrary, Chees Pyktegoras for her parte. Lydgate's Minor Poems, p. 11. ARSOUN. Thebowof a saddle. (.^...V.) It is sometimes used for the saddle itself. Each sad- dle had two arsouns, one in front, the other behind ; the former called the fore-arsoun, as in Richard Coer de Lion, 5053. In the same romance, 5539, speaking of King Richard, we are told that " both hys arsouns weren off jTcn." In Kyng Alisaunder, 4251, it appar- ently means the saddle. And the arson behynde, as y yow say, Syr Befyse smote clene away. MS. Cantab. Ff. Ii. 38, f. 123. On ys stede ful the dent, Bysidethe/or-orjoiifi. MS. Ashmole 33, f. 44. ARST. First; erst. Tho was made frenshepe ther arst was debate. ' MS. Harl. 1701, f. 87. As thou haste seyde, so schalle hyt bee, Arste y schalle not blynne. MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 72. ARS-TABLE. A table used in magic, probably the same as the astrolabe. His ars-table hp toh out sone. Theo cours he tok of sonne and mone, Theo cours of the planetis seven. He tolde also undur heven. Kyng Alisaunder, S87. ARSTON. .A hearth-stone. Yorksh. -VRSY-VERSY. Upside down; preposterously. It is translated prcepositus by Rider, and the second meaning is given by Kersey. See Hu- dibras, I. iii. 828; Drayton's Poems, p. 272. ART. (1) A quarter; a point of the compass. Nortli. (2) Eight. Exmoor. .\RTE. To constrain ; to compel. (Lat.) See Prompt. Parv. p. 14 ; Troilus and Creseide, i. 389 ; Court of Love, 46 ; Hoccleve's Poems, p. 71. In no wise I may mebettur excuse. Than sey my witt, so dul and unperfite, Artith me thus rudely for tendUe. MS, Rawl. C. 48, A tirauDt wolde have arriti him by paynesi A certeyne counsel to bewrey and telle. Boetius, MS. Soc. Antiq, 134, f. 296. We spekke nojte mekille, bot whene we ere m-tede for to speke, we say nojte bot the sothe, and onane we halde us stille. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17. f* 33. ART 89 ARV ARTEEN. Eighteen. Exmoor. AKTELRIES. Artillery. {A.-N.) I Bh.il wamostorc niin hous with toures, swiche as han casteltes and other manere edifices, and armure, and artdrif^t, by which thingc^ I may my persone and myn hous so kepen and defendcn, that min enemies shuln ben in drede min hous for to ap- proche. Tate of Melihens, p. 113. ARTEMAGE. The art of magic. {A.-N.) And through the crafte of artemage. Of wexe he forged an ymage. Cower, cd. 1532, f. 138. ARTER. After. Var. dial ARTETYKES. A kind of gout or disease affect- ing the joints. Maundovilc mentions, "gowtes, artetykes." tliat atflicted him in his old age. See his Travels, p. 315. A prescription for it in hawks is given in the Book of St. Albans, sig. C. i. It is probably connected with art/iri/is. See Arcctik. ARTHOFILAXE. The arctic circle. The whiche sercle and constsllacioun I-called is the cercle arthojilaje ; Who knowith It nedith no more to axe. MS. Dighy 230. ARTH-STAFF. A poker used by blacksmiths. Salop. ARTHUR. A game at sea, which will be found described in Grose's Class. Diet. Vulg. T. in v. It is alluded to in the novel of Peregrine Pickle, ch. 16. ARTIIUR'S-CHACE. A kennel of black dogs, followed by unknown huntsmen, which were formerly believed to perform their ncictiu-nal gambols in France. See Grey's Notes on Shakespeare, i. 34. ARTIIUR'S-SHOW. An exhibition of archery alluded to in 2 Henry IV. iii. 2. It was con- ducted by a society who had assumed the arms and names of the Knights of the Round Table. See Douce's Illustrations, i. 461. ARTICLE. Comprehension. Shakespeare men- tions " a soul of great article" in Hamlet, v. 2. The vulgar sense is api)lied to a poor creature, or a wretched animal. This latter ajjpears rather slang than provincial, yet it is admitted into the East Anglian Vocabulaiy. ARTICULATE. To exhibit in articles. See this use of the word in Coriolanus, i. 9, where it means to enter into articles of agreement. To end those things arth-ulated here By our great lord, the mighty king of Spain, We with our council will deliberate. Hmi'ltin^ Engl. Dram, li.48. ARTICULES. Any multiples of ten, a division which was formerly considered necessary in arithmetic, and was' probably the result of the abacal system, a gradual improvement of the Boetiiin notation. SeeRara Mathemulica,p.30. ARTIEK. Artery. (/■>.) See the Shakespeare Society's Papers, i. 19. May never spirit, vein, or artier, feed The cursed substance of that cruel heart ! Martowe's tViirks, i. 1.^)0. ARTIFICIAL. Ingenious; artful. We, Uermia.liite two artificial gods, tihvo with our needles created both one flower. J Slid*, tiigtit't Dream, Hi. 2. ARTILLERY. This word is often applied to all kinds of missile weapons. See 1 Samuel. XX. 40. ARTILLERY-GARDEN. Aplace near Bishops- gate, where people practised shooting, &c. See Middleton's Works, iv. 424, v. 283. ARTNOON. Afternoon. Ease.r. ART-OF-MEMORY. An old game at cards, de- scribed in the Compleat Gamester, ed. 1709, p. 101. ARTOW. Art thou. North. This is a correct early form, the second personal pronoun being frequently combined with the verb in interro- gative sentences. See Will, and the Werwolf, pp. 46, 185 ; Lydgate's Minor Poems, p. 51. ARTRY'. At p. 284 of the following work, men- tion is made of "al myn armery and attry hoole." Aho y wol that my son Sir Harry have all the residew of my warderobe and of myn arras nat be- quethen, and all myn armery and all my artry. Nichols' Royal Hilta, p. 288. ARTS-MAN. A man of art. This seems to be the meaning in Love's Labotirs Lost, v. 1. "The old editions read arts-man preambutat, which bad better remain without alteration. ARTYLLED. Declared ; set out in articles. See Hartshorne's Met. Tales, p. 250, where it may perhaps be an error for artykilled. ARUDAND. Riding. See Gy of Warwike, p. 77, amend? Abothe half his hors hehlng, That emne forth arudand in that thring. Artliottr and Merlin, p. 222. A knight com artiand [amand >] with gret reve, Y-armed In armes alle. Ibid. p. 310. ARUEMORWE. Early in the morning. {A.-S.) See Arthour and Merlin, p. 1 78, but the proper form, I bcheve, is amemorwe, q. v. ARUM. An arm. And he haves on thorn his arum, Therof Is ful mlkel liarum. Havelok, 1982. ARUNDE. An errand. And thy moder, Mary, hevyn qnene, Bere our aninde so bytwene. That semely ys of syght. Emarf, $■ ARUWE. An arrow. Ac an aruwe oway he bare In his eld wounde. Sir TrUtrem, p. ,104. ARVAL. A^funeral. North. Arval-mpper is a funeral feast given to the friends of the de- ceased, at which a particular kind of loaf, called amal-bread, is sometimes distributed among the poor. Arvel-bread is a coarse cake, composed of flour, water, yeast, currants, and some kind of spice ; in fonn rouml, aliout eight inches in (Uamcter, and the upper sur- face alwavs scored, perhaps exhibiting origi- nally the sign of the cross. Not many years since one of these analu was cclchratcd in a village in Yorkshire at a pubUc-housc, the sign of v\liieh was the family arms of a nolilema'. whose motto is, Virtus post funera riiit. The undertaker, who, though a chrk, was no scho- lar, requested a gentleman pnsent to explain to him the meaning of these Latin words, ABY 90 ASC which he readily and facetiously did in the following manner : Virtiis, a parish clerk, tivit, lives well, post funera, at an arval ! See Douce's Illustrations, ii. 203. ARVYST-GOS. A stubble goose. A yong wyf and an an^yst-gog, Moche gagii with bothe : A man that [hath] liam yn his clos, Reste schal he wrothe. Rcliq, Anciq, Ii. 113. ARWE. (1) All arrow. Cf. Rob. Glouc.p. 48. That wel kepen that castel From arwe, shet, and quarel. Cursor Mundi, HIS. Coll. Trin. Canlab. f. 63. Wepens of arwes tegh of men sones> And thar tung sharpe swerde in wones. MS. Boil. 425, f. 27. For some that 5ede yn the strete, Sawe arwys fro hevene shete. MS. Harl. 1701, f. 10. (2) Timid; fearful. See Rob. Glouc. p. 457, " his hert arwe as an bare," erroneously ex- plained swift. Mr. Way refers to an instance in Richard Coer de Lion, 3821, but Weber has arranged the line dilFerently in his glossary. Thou saist soth, hardy and hard. And thou art as nrwe coward ! He is the furste In eche bataile ; Thou art byhynde ay at the taile. Kt/ng Ali^attnderj 3340. ARWE BLAST. A crossbow. Wehaveaheadyhad this word, in v. Alblast, and Arblast. For this form of it, see Mirrour for Magistrates, p. 21 7 ; Ellis's Metrical Rom. ii. 255 ; Richard Coer de Lion, 2637, 3851, 3970, 4453,4481, 5867; spelt arrowblaste, &e. The galeye wente alsoofaste As quarrel dos off the arweblast. Richard Coer de Lion, 2524. ARWEL This word is translated by destoraunt, in an early Anglo-Norman gloss, printed in Rehq. Antiq. ii. 81. ARWE-MEN, Bowmen. He calde bothe anve-men and kene Kuitbes, and serganz swithe sleie. Havelok, 2115. ARYNE. Are. For alle the sornwe that we aryne inne. It es ilke dele for oure syne. Sir Isumbras, MS. Lincoln, 114. ARYOLES. Soothsayers ; diviners. (Lai.) Aryole.t, nygromancers, brought theym to the auclors of ther God Phcebus, and offred theym ther, and than they haddeansweres. Barthol, Jngl.Trevisa. ARYSE. Arisen. Ryght as he was arpse. Of his woundyn he was agrise. Kyng Alisaunder, 3748. ARYSTE. Arras. See the Untou Inventories, p. 5, "iij. peeces of arys^e." ARYSY. SeeAvarysy. ARYVEN. Arrived. Wyndes and weders hathe hir dryven. That in a forest she is aryven. Where wylde bestys were. Ton&iU o/PortUi^al, p. 114. AR5ES. Is fearful. (A.~S.) A ! Avec, quod the qwene, me ar^es of myselfc. 3IS. Jshmole 44, f. 9, AS. (1) That ; which. Var. dial. In the Eastern counties it is sometimes used for who, and it is frequently redundant, as *' He will come as to- morrow." (2) Has. That hol^ cherche (u bound me to, Grawnt me grace that fore to do. Judelay's Poems, p. S?. A-SAD. Sad; sorrowful. SelHe wes he glad. That never nes a-$nd Of nythe ant of onde. fVrierht'8 Pol, Songf, p. 212. Y dude as hue me bad, Of me hue is a-sad, Relig.Antig.L 192. ASAILED. Sailed. Jhon Veere, Erie of Oxenforde, that withdrewe hyra frome Barnet felde, and rode into Scottlonde, and frome thens into Fraunce asailed, and ther he was worschipfully received. Warku'0)-th's CArowicfe, p. 26. ASALY. To assault ; to besiege. Hii bygonne an holy Thores eve then toun asaly there Stalwardlyche and vaste y-nou, noblemen as yt were. Rob, Clone, p. 394. AS-ARMES. To arms ! {A.-X.) As armes! thanne cride Rolond, As armei/ everechon ! MS. Ashmote 33, f. 33. Asarmca! feren, nede it is. Arthnur and Merlin, p. 2(>1 . ASAUGHT. An assault, mckiiffe. Kyng Wyllam wende ajen, tho al thys was y-do. And bygan sone to grony and to febly al so, Vor travaylof the foul (Mfjj?, and vor hewasfeble er. Rob. Glouc. p. 3y(>. ASBATE. A purchase. Skinner asserts that he had only once met with this word ; he does not give a reference, and heUeves it to be a mis- take for ashate, q. v. It is perhaps to be foimd in some editions of Chaucer. AS-BUIRD. Ashes board ; a box in which ashes are can*ied. North. ASCANCE. Obliquely. At this question Rosader, turning his head nscance, and bending his browes as if anger there had ploughed the furrowes of her wrath, with his eyes full of fire, hee made this replie. Eiip/iues Golden Legacie, ap. Collier, p. 15. ASCAPART. The name of a giant whom Bevis of Hampton conquered, accortUng to the old romance. His ettigy may be seen on the city gates of Southampton. He is said to have been thirty feet long, and to have carried Sir Bevis, his wife, and horse, under his arm. Allusions to him occur in Shakespeare, Drajton, and other EBzabethan writers. ASCAPE. To escape. Sometimes aschape. See Kvng Ahsaunder, 1120; Gy of Warwike, p. 230; Piers Ploughman, pp. '40, 121. I hope thorw Codes helpe and thyne. We schuUe tucape al oure pyne. MS. Addit. 1003fi, f. 10. Whenne the emperoure sawe him, he yaf to him his dowter to wyfe, be-cause that he hade so wysely (ucapide the peril of the gardine. Gesta Romanoritm, p. 102 ASC 91 Ich trouue he wolle me for-iape ; Hou trouKtu, Nelde, ich moue aacapef MS. Digby 86, f. 167- I kan bi no coyntyse knowe nou; the best How temowe unbent or harniles aschape, fVill. and the Wertiolf, p. fil. Than shulde they do ry3t peiiauuce For to askape thys myschaunce. MS. Harl. 1701, f. 45. ASCATl. An asker ; a person who asks. After the wickydiics of the ancar schal be the wickidnes of the prophet ; and I schal streke out my hand on him, and do him a-wcy fro the middis of mi peple. Apology for the Lollards, p. 69. ASCAT. Broken like an egg. Somerset. ASCAUNCE. This is interi)reted aslant^ side- ways, in the glossaries, but TynN-hitt justly doubts its application in all the following pas- sages. Ascaunt, however, occurs in the early quarto editions of Hamlet, iv. 7, where the folio of 1623, reads aslant. See also Troilus and Creseide, i. 292. It apparently means scarcely y as if to say, as if; and is perhaps sometimes an expletive. It seems, however, to mean aslant in Troilus and Creseide, i. 205; La Belle Dame sans Mercy, GOI. And wrote alway the names, as he stood. Of alle folk that yave hem any good, Mkaunce that lie wolde for hem preyc. Chaucer, Cant. T. 7327- And every man that hath ought in his cofie. Let him appere, and wex a philosophrc, Ascaunce that craft is so light to lore. Ibid. 16306. Aekautis she may nat to the lettres sey nay. Lydgate's Minor Poemt, p. 35. And soo the kyngcs aataunce came to sir Tristram to comforte hym as he laye sekein his bcdde. Mort£ d' Arthur, i. 260. ASCENDANT. A term in jutUcial astrology, denoting that degree of the ecliptic which is rising in the eastern part of the horizon at the time of any person's birth, and supposed to exercise great influence over his fortime. It is now used metaphorically. ASCENT. Agreement. The number was, be ryght ascent. Off hors-men an hundryd thousent. Richard Coer de Lion, 3021. ASCH-CAKE. Bread baked under ashes. See MS. Bibl. Reg. 12 B. i, f. 32 ; and the Nomen- clator, 1585, p. 84. ASCHE. To ask. Cf. Rob. Glouc. p. 16. The kyng of VsracUc that lady can aeche, Yf sche myght the see ovyr-passe. MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 30, f, fiO. Wc do na synncs, nc we wlltc hafe na marc thane resoneof kynde atchea. MS, Lituoln A. I. 17, f. 32. ASCUKS. Ashes. Who so covereihe the coles of that wode undlr the asschct there-oflc, the coles wil duellen and abyden alJe tjuyk a jerc or more. Maundevile's Travels, p. 289. ASCHONNE. To shuu ; to avoid. They myjte not (uchonnc the surowc they had served. Dfiio»itii>n of Hi'Jhard //. p. U. ASCIETH. Enquireth after; scekcth. For he knoweth wcl and wot wcI that hcilolth yvt-I, and thi-rforv man aitcitth and huiiti-lh and slecth hym, «ud 3it fur al that, ho may not K-ve his y vel natun-. M)s. livdl. 546. ASE ASCILL. Vinegar. Ascill and gall to hlf dyncre I made them for to dighte. Chetter Piayt, ii. 75' ASCITE. To call ; to summon. See Wright's Monastic Lett. p. "8 ; Halle's Expost. p. 1 4. Hun answered that the infant had no propertie in the ihet, wherupon the priest oJinted him in the spiritual courte. Hall, Henri) VIll. t. HI. ASCLANDERD. Slandered. But for his moder no schuld asclanderd be. That hye with childe unwcdded were. Joarfiini and Anne, p. 149 ASCON. To ask. Cf. Rob. Glouc. p. 89. Tundale he went upon a day To a mon, to ascon his pay For Ihre horsis that he had sold. Tundale, p. 3. ASCRIBE. Across ; astride. Somerset. Some- times written astred and aslrrod. ASCRY. To cry j to report ; to proclaim. Hence, to betray, as in Ywaine and Gawin, 584. Heame, gloss, to Peter Langtoft, p. 217, ex- plains it " to cry to," an interpretation adopted in the Towneley Mysteries, p. 193. It means there to assail with a shout, as Mr. Dyce ob- senes, notes to Skelton, p. 152. Palsgrave has it in the sense to descry, to discover. Bot sone when he herd ascry That king Edward wasuere tharby. Than durst he Doght cum nere. Mitiot'a Poems, p. U. Writ how muche was his myschief. Whan they aseryedon hym as a thef. MS. .Iddil. 11,107, f. J9. ASCRTVE. To ascribe ; to impute. PaUgrave. ASE. (1) Ashes. North. (2) As. The kyng bathe a dowghttyr feycr ate flowyr, Dyscenyr wase her name. To>Tent of Portugal, p. 2. ASELE. To seal. See Piers Ploughman, p. 511; Roh. Glouc. p, 510. The proclamation of the Mayor of Norwich in 1424 (Urectcd "that all brewstcrs and gannokers selle a gallon ale of the best, be measure a-selyd." See Prompt. Par>'. p. 186. It seems there to have the mean- ing of established, conlirnied. That othir the abbot off Scynt Albon, That brought hym lettn-s speciele, Astlyd with the barouns sele, That toldcn hym, hys brothir Jhon Wolde do corowne liym anon. Richard Coer de Lion,64^i. ASELY. To assoil, give absolution, which was usually done before a fight. Mr. Stevenson explains it, to receive the sacrament, in which ease it may be only another form of hosvly, <|. v. The Normans no dude nojt so, ac hii eryde on (iod vasto, y-lBstc. And Bsryve hem ech after other, the wulc the nyjt And amorwchcm Icteciff;/^ wyth myldcliertcy-nou. Rob. iilouc. p. 360. ASEMllLEDEN. Assembled. And either ost as swittic fast a»crlcd other. And aaembleden swlthe sternli cither ost to-gadcr. Will, ftndthe iVerwolf p. 137. ASEMYS. In the Prompt. Pan-, p. 28*), this is the synonyiuc of laa/t/ne tiult/, imiiffnor. ASENE. Seen. Sec Chronicle of England. 44 ; Tundale's Visions, p. 51 ; Kyng iUisaunder, 847; RcUq. Anliti. i. lO'J. ASH 92 ASI ASERE. To become dry. See the Sevyn Sages, 606. Mr. Stevenson derives it from the verb to sear. ASERRE. Azure. He bale aaerre a grype of golde, Rychely beton on the molde. MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 69. ASERVED. Deserved. Lord, he seide, Jhesu Crist, Ich thonky the wel faste That ich it have aserved In atte the jatis to wende. MS. Coll. Trin. Oron. 5?. And thou sorewe that thou aserved hast. And elles it were wouj. MS. Laud. 108, f. 2. ASERVl. To sen-e. Hisheortehim jaf for to wende In-toa prive stude and stille, Thare he mi;te beo alone To aservi Godes wille. MS. Land. 103, f. 104. ASESSE. To cause to cease; to stop. Into Yngelond thenne wolde be. And asesBe the werre anon Betwyxe hym andhys brother Jhon. Richard Coer de Lion, 6311. ASETH. Satisfaction or amends for an injur)-. See Prompt. Parv. p. 182 ; Gesta Romanorum, pp. 275, 460 ; Wickliffe's New Test. p. 53. We may not be assayled of tho trespas, Bot if we make aseth in that at we may. MS. Hart. Ife2, f. 63. Here byfore he myghte ethe Sone hafe mad me atetht. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 133. It was likyng to jow, Fadire, for tosende me into this werlde that I sulde make aseihe for mans tres- pas that he did to us. 2bid. f. 179. ASEWRE. Azure. At the brygge ende stondy th a towre, Peyntyd wyth golde and aseivre. MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 106. ASEWRYD. Assured ; promised. But y take more then y was asewrtjd, Y may not have where nojte ys levyd- Reliq. Antiq. i. 28. ASEYNT. Lost. (J.-S.) Al here atyl andtresour was al-soaseynr. Rob. Glouc. p. 51. AS-F.\ST. Anon; immediately. Cf. Prompt. Par>-. p. 15 ; Troilus and Creseide, v. 1640. ASGAL. A newt. Salop. ASH. (1) Stubble. South. Walter de Bibbles- wortli, MS. .\rund. 220. f. 301, has " le tressel, ascfic of corn." (2") To ask. Lane. See A.'iche. ASHATE. See Ashate. It is so written in Urry's Cliaucer, p. 5, where Tyrwhitt's edition reads achate. ASH-BIN. A receptacle for ashes and other dirt. Line. ASH-CANDLES. The seed vessels of the ash tree. Dorset. ASHELT. Likely ; probably ; perhaps. North. ASHEN. Ashes. North. Thcrwith the fire of jalousie up sterte Within his brest, and hent him by the herte So woodly, that he like was to behold The box-tree, or the«she» ded and coKl. Chaucer, Cant. T. 1304. ASHERLAND. According to Kennett, MS. Lansd. 1033, "assarts, or woodland grub'd and ploughed up." North. ASH-HEAPS. A method of divination, of ash-heapes, in the which ye use Husbands and wi%'es by streakes to chuse ; Of crackling laurell, which fore-sounds A plentious harvest to your grounds. Herrick't Works, i. 176- ASHIED. Made white, as with wood ashes, old winter, clad in high furres, showers of raine. Appearing in his eyes, who still doth goe In a rug gowne, ashied with flakes of snow. Heyivood'a Marriage Triumphe, 1613. ASHISH. Sideways. So7nerset. ASH-KEYS. The fruit of the ash. The failure of a crop of ash-keys is said in some counties to portend a death in the royal family. See Forby, ii. 406. ASHL.\R. Hewnorsquared stone,readyforbtiild- ing. See Britton's Arch. Diet, in v. " Slophus, ascheler," MS. Bodl. 837, 1 134. Cf. Cotgrave, in v. Attendans, Bouttice. Grose gives the word as pecuhar to Cumberland, and signifying " a large free stone," and according to some, it is or was common among builders to denote free-stones as they come from the quarry. The term is still in common use. In the inden- ture for the construction of the dormitory at Durham, 1398, the mason engages that a cer- tain wall shall be " exterius de puro lapide vocato achiler plane inscisso, interius vero de fracto lapide vocato roghwall.^* See Willis's Architectural Nomenclatiu-e, p. 25. ASHORE. Aside. West. It is used in the same sense as ajar, applied to a door. Weber is in doubt about its meaning in the following pas- sage, but the word is common in the West of England, although it does not appear to have found a place in the glossaries. Ever after the dogges wer so starke, Thei stode aachore when thei schuld barke. Hunltpng of the Hare, 25". ASH-PAN. A metal pan fitted to the under part of the grate, into wluch the ashes fall from the fire. Line. .\SH-TRUG. A coal-scuttle. North. ASHUNCHE. To repent ? Mid shupping ne mey hit me ashunche, Nes y never wycche ne wyle ; Ych am a maide, that me of-thunche, Luef me were gome boute gyle. n'righfs Lyric Poetry, p. 38. ASH-M'EDNESDAY. The first day of Lent, so called from the ancient ceremonyof the placing of ashes on the heads of persons on that day by the priest, who said, " Remember, man, that thou art ashes, and unto ashes thou shalt return." This ceremony was abolished early in the reiijn of Edward VI. See Becon's Works, p. 110. ASIDEN. On one side ; oblique ; aslant. West. Rider has asideuam in his Dictionarie, 1640, in the same sense. ASILE. An asylum. Fly unto prayer as unto an holy anchor, or sure asile, and strong bulwark. Becon't n'orkt, p. 128. ASK 93 ASL ASIN. Made of ashen wood. I wll do that I may, and wll rather drinke In an atin cup than you or yours shude not be soccerd tjoth by sea and land. Archaologia, xili. 203. ASINGS. Easings. Salop. A-SIT. To sit against ; i. e., to receive the hlow without being unhorsed. A-left he smot and a-right, Non his dent a-eil might. Arlhour and ^ferlin, p. 301. No man ne myghte with strengthe aei/lte Hys swordes draught. Oclavian, 1665. ASrW. To follow. Allsaundre wente ageyn, ^uyk aaitceth him al his men. KyngMisaunder, 2494. ASK. (1). A water newt. North. Florio has the word, in v. Magriisio. It is sometimes written askard, and askel. See Asker. (2) To require. Ho so hit tempreth by power. So hit aakith in suche maner. Kyng Misaundert 6219. ASKEFISE. This word is tianslated by ciniflo in the Prompt. PaiT. p. 15. Hire, in v. Aska, says, " qui cineribus oppedit." See further instances collected by Mr. Way, in loc. cit. ASKEN. Ashes. Hwan the dom was demd and seyd, Sket was the swike on the .isse leyd. And [led] him til that like grcne. And brend til a^ken al bidene. Haue/cfe, 2841. ASKER. (1) A scab. Rub it till it bleede ; then take and bind it thereto for three dales, in which space you shall see a white aaker on the sore ; then take that off, and annoint it with oyle of roses or fresh butter untill it be throughly cured. TapseU's Four-footed Beasts, p. 402 (2) A land or water newt. Var. tlial. Keunett, MS. Lansd. 1033, gives this form as a Staffordshire word. ASKES. Ashes. (A.-S.) See Reliq. Antiq. i. 53 ; MS. Bib. Reg. 17 C. xvii. f. 48; Ashniole's Theat. Chem. Brit. p. 129; Prompt. Pan-, pp. 21, 252, 266 ; Gesta Romaiiorum, p. 156; Piers Ploughman, p. 49. Thynk, man, he says, askes ertow now. And into askes agayu turn saltow. MS. Cott. GaWa E. ix. f. 1:>. Thenk, mon, he seith, askm art thou now. And lato lukua tume schalt thou. MS. Aihmole 41, f. 5. Af'kes y etc Instede of breed. My drynkc ys water that y wepe. MS. Omtah. Ff. 11. .TB, f. 2. ASKEW. A«Ty. Var.dial. See Barct's Alvcarie, 1580, in V. ASKILE. Aside. what Iho' the scornful waiter looks atktle. And pouts and frowns, and curseth thee the while. Hairi Satires, v. 2. CampanuB prayd hym stand atlllc. While he askyd hym askj/le. Ipomydon, 2064. ASKINGS. The publication of marriage by banns. Yorksh. A-SKOF. In scotT; dcridingly. Alisaundre lokid ti-skof. As he no gef nought therof, Kyng Atisaunder, 874. ASKOWSE. To excuse. Cf. Gov. Myst. p. 2. Bot thow can atkowse the, Thow schalt abey, y till the. Frtra artd the Boy, st. xxxv. ASKRYE. A shriek ; a shout. And wretchydly Hath made askrye. Skelton's Poems, U. 53. ASKY. (1) Dry; parched. Generally applied to land, but sometimes used for husky. North. (2) To ask. Roland of hure gan aaky than Of wat kynde was comcn that like man. MS. y(.(irm.Jo3S,f. 45. To ashi that never no wes. It is a fole askeing. Sir Tristrem, p. 209. ASLAKE. To slacken ; to abate. {A.-S.) See Chaucer, Cant. T. 1762, 3553; Lydgatu's Minor Poems, p. 231 ; .\ncient Poetical Tract!, p. 18 ; Seven Pcuitential Psalms, p. 11 ; Brit. Bibl. iv. 105. Fourti days respite thou gif me. Til that mi sorwe astaked be. Gy of IVaruiike, p. 213. ASLASH. Aslant ; crosswise. Line. ASLAT. Cracked like an earthen vessel. Devon. A-SLAWE. Slain. Cf. Rob. Glouc. p. 170. Nay, quath on, the devel him drawe. For he hath my lord a.statve. MS. Ashmole 33, f. 50. ASLEN. Aslope. Somerset. ASLEPED. Asleep. That other woodnesse is cleped woodnesse slepynge, for thei lye alwcy, and maketh semblauiit as ;if thei were asteped, and so thei dyeth withoute mete. MS. Bodl. 540. ASLET. Obhque. Prompt. Pare. ASLEW. ObUque. East Sussex: .VSLIDE. To slide away ; to escape. Let soche folie out of your herte aslide. Chaucer, ed. Urry, p. 110. A-SLON. Slain. Thar men myjt see anon Many a dowjty man a-slon. MS. Dmice 236, f. 12. ASLOPE. Sloping. In the Chester Plays, i. 125, is the phrase, " the devill of the sope." The Bodl. MS. 175, reads aslope. For trust that thei have set in hope, Whiche fell hem aftirward aslope. /torn, of the Rose, 4464. This place Is supposed to lie In the confines of Shropshire aloft upcui the top of an high hill there, environed with a triple rumpire and ditch of great depth, having three entrii-s into it, notdirectlie one against another, but aslope. Holimhrd, Hill, of England, p. 38. ASLOPEN. Asleep. This is probably for the sake of the rhyme. Call to our maids ; good night j we are all aslopen. Mtddlelon, I. 257- A-SLOUGH. Slew ; killed. Glf leh thi sonc owhar a-shiigfi, It w;ts me defendant anough. Gy of IVnrwike, p. 25U. That haddc y-chaced Uichardone, Wan he a.stow kyng Claryoiie. .MS. Athinote .13, f. .'Sn. ASLOUTE. Aslant ; obliquely. Prompt. Parr. Mr. Way, p. 6, wrongly prints aslonte, but our reading is confirmed by another entrj- al p. 15, aslowte. ASP 94 ASP A.SLOWEN. Slew. And nolden bl-taken him no fruyt, Akc a3lowen him at the laste. MS. Laud. 108, f. 3. ASLUPPE. To slip away. (J.-S.) Betere is taken a comehche y-clothe. In armes to cusse ant to cluppe, Tlven a wrecche y-we^ided so wrothe, Thah he me slowe, ne myhti him asluppe. Wrig'tfs Lyric Poetry, p. 38. ASLY. "Willingly. North. Ray has it in his english M'ords, 1674, p. 3. See also Kennett's Glossai-y, MS. Lansd. 1033, f. 23. It is sometiiaes spelt astley. ASMAN. An ass-driver. And ye most yeve yowre asma7i curtesy a grot, other a gro^^set of Venyse. MS. Bodl. 305. ASMATRYK. Arithmetic. of calculacion and negremauucye. Also of augrym and of asmatryle. Coventry Mystenes, p. 189. ASMELLE. To smell. The bor hem gan ful sone asmelle : Ech he het tlicrof his felle. isevyn Sages, 891. ASOCIED. Associated. See Account of the Grocers' Company, p. 321. Ofte suche have ben asocied and felawschipped to armus, the whiche hir owne lordes ne luste nojl to have in servise. Vegeciua, MS. Douce 291, f. 11. ASOFTE. To soften. That witli here beemes, when she is alofte, May all the troubill asuaye and aso/te. Of woTldely wawes within Ihismortall see. Lydgate, MS. Ashmolc 30, f. 3. ASONDRI. Asunder; separated. (A.-S.) Ther was ferly sorwe and sijt. When thai sehuld asondri fare. Legend of Pope Gregory, p. 2. Asondry were thei nevere, Na moore than myn hand may Move withoute my fyngres. Pier* Ploughman, p. 358. ASONKEN. Sunk. Heom ie\( asonketi in ther-mit. FT. Mapes, Jpp, p. 345. ASOON. At even. North. ASOSHE. Awry ; aslant. East. Palsgrave says, " as one weareth his bonnet." Sometimes spelt ashoshe. See Asivash. A-SOUND. In a swoon. They hang'd their heads, they drooped down, A word they couhl not speak : Robin said. Because I fell a-iound, I think ye'U do the like. Robin Hood, i. 112. ASOURE. " Gumme of asoure" is mentioned in a mecUcal receipt printed in Reliq, Antiq. i. 53. ASOYLINGE. Absolution. And to sywi this raansinge, and the asnyUngez\so, Weassigncth the bissop of Winchestre ther-to. Rob. Glouc. p. 502. ASOYNEDE. Excused. So Hearne explains it. See the passage in Rob. Glouc. p. 539, and Assoine. It is translated by refutatus in Prompt. Parv, and made synonymous with refused. ASP. A kind of poplar. The word is still in use in Herefordshire. "The popler or aspe tree, populus," — Vocabula Stanbrigii, 1615. See Prompt. Parv. p. 15 ; Florio, \n t. Brio; and the curious enumeration of trees in Chaucer, Cant. T. 2923. ASPARE. To spare. (A.-N.) And fieyen he was a nygard That no good myghte nspare To frend ne to fremmed. The fend have his soule I Piers Ploughman, p, 303. ASPAUD. Astride. North. ASPECCIOUN. Sight. The bryjte sonne in herte he gan to colde. Inly astonied in his aspeccioun. Lydgate, MS. Soc. Antiq. 134, f. 2. ASPECHE. A serpent. See Cooperi Thesaurus, in V. Ii/nr. ASPECT. This word was almost invariably ac- cented on the last syllable in the time of Shakespeare. See Farmer's Essay, ed. 1821, p. 34. ASPECTE. Expectation. The 10. of Jun I was discharged from bands at the assizes, contrary to the aspecte of all men. MS. JshnxQle 208 ASPECYALL. Especial. Vff ye love a damsell yn aspecyall. And thynke on here to do costage ; When sche seyth galantys revell yn hall, Vn here hert she thynkys owtrage. Reliq. Antiq. i. 29. Soo that they may too thy mercy ateyne, At thys perlament most in assepecinlle. MS. Cantab. Ff. i. 6, f. 42. ASPEN-LEAF. Metaphorically, the tongue. For if they myghte be suffred to begin ones in the congregacion to fal in disputing, those aspen-leaves of theirs would never leave waggyng. SirT. More's TVorkes, p. 769. ASPER. A kind of Turkish coin. Skin7ier. ASPERAUNCE. Hope. (^.-.V.) Forthirir Aspeiaunce, and many one. Courle of Love, 1033. ASPERAUNT. Bold. {A.~N,) Hy ben natheles faire and wighth, And gode, and engyneful to fighth. And have horses avenaunt. To hem stalworthe and asperaunt. Kyng Alisaunder, 48"!. ASPERE. A kind of hawk. There is a questyon axed whether a man shall call a spare hawk or aspere hawke, or an aspere hawke- The Bo"k of St . Albans, ed. 1810, sig. C. iii. ASPERLICIIE. Roughly. Strong knight he was hardi and snel, Ther he defended him asperliche. Gy of Wartoike, p. 84. ASPERLY. Roughly. See Skelton's Works, i. 205 ; Boucher, in v. AspreJy. And Alexander with his ost him asperly folowed. MS. Ashmole 44, f. 46. ASPERNE. To spurn. It was prudente pollecie not to nsperne and dis- deync the lytic small powre and weakenes of the ennemye. Hall, Richard III. f. 28. ASPERSION. A sprinkling. This original sense of the word is not now in use. See the Tempest, iv. 1 ; Topsell's Foiu--Footed Beasts, p. 8. Florio writes it asperging, in v. Abberfatione. ASP ASPET. Sight ; aspect. In thyn aspet ben alle llchc> The povere men and eek the riche '. Cower, MS, Soc. Antiq. 134, f.5ft. ASPHODIL. A daffodil. Florio gives it as the translation oiheroino. ASPIDIS. A serpent; an aspis. The correct Latin word is given in the argument. A serpent, whiche that aspidis Is clepid, of his kyndc hath this. Gotver, MS. Soc. ^nCiq. 134, f. 41. ASPIE. (1) To espie. (^.-A^.) See Chaucer, Cant. T. 13521 ; Gesta Romanorum, p. 201 ; Piers Ploughman, p. 350. The pepyl so fast to hym doth falle. Be prevy raenys, as we aspye ; jyf he precede, son sen je xalle That cure lawys he wyl dystrye. Coventry Mysteries, p. 24!). (2) A spy. See the House of Fame, ii. 196. Pilate sent oute his aspies, Sikirlichebifelestlos. A/5. ^(MiM0036, f. 22. I schal sette enemytees bitwixe thee and the womman. and bitwixe thi seed and hir seed ; she shal breke thin hed, and thou schalt sctte aspite to hir heele. Wickiiffe, MS. Bod/. 277. ASPILL. A rude or silly clown. Yorksh. ASPIOUn. A spy ; a scout. Also that thei mowc the blether lokc, and the betir wil goo and come when they ben send in ofllcc of uApfour* by boldnesse of hir swlfincsse. Vegecins, MS. Douce 201, f. 12. ASPIRATION. An aspirate. See this form of the word in the French Alphabet, 1615, p. 22. ASPIREMENT. Breathing. Ayre is the thridde of dementis. Of whos kynile his aspirementis Taketh every Uvis creature. Gower, MS. Soc. Antiq. 134, f. 194. ASPORTATION. A carrying away. Rider. Blackstone uses the word. See Richardson, in V. ASPOSSCHALL. Aspostolical. Vs not thys a wondurs case, Tliatt this yongc chylde soche knolege hasc ? Now surely he bath aspofiachall grace. Presentation in the Temple, p. 84. ASPRE. Rough; sharp. {A.-N.) Rider gives asperate in the same sense. Sec the Ilallc of John Halle, i. 530 ; Chaucer's Boetliius, p. 36G. And in her aspre plalntc thus she seidc. Troilus and Creseide, Iv. 827. ASPREAD. Spread out. West. See Jennings' Dialects, p. 156. ASPRENESSE. Roughness. Of whyche soules, quod she, I trowc that some ben tourinented by tupreneate of painc, and some Ruulcs I trowe ben exercysed by a purgyngc mckenesse, but my counsailenys nat to determine of this painc. Chaucer, cd. Urry, p.3iM}. ASPRONGUN. Sprung. This kcnred is asprotti^in late. Digdii Ityiteiiea, p. 1111 ASPYEE. Espial. Dut alle the sley^tc of his trcsonc* Horestis wlstc it by atpyee. Guwer, MS. Sac. Antiq. 134, f. 08. A5PYRE. To iiiFpire. See a passage from Sir T. Morc'sWorkcs, p. 027, quoted by Stevenson, in his additions to Boucher. 95 ASS A-SQU.VRE. At a distance. Vf he hym myglit fynd, he nothyng wold hym tpare ; That herd the Pardoner wctc, and held hym twttir a^tquare. Urry". CftatiC«-, p. ay9. The Pardoner myght nat ne hym nether touch. But held hym a-S'iuare by that othlr side. /cirf. ASQUINT. Awiy. It is translated by oi/iyuiiv iu Baret's Alvearie, 1580, in v. Carr says asguin is still used in the same sense in Craven. See Amiin's Nest of Ninnies, p. 11 j Brit. Bibl. ii. 334 J Florio, in v. Cipiylidre ; Cotgrave, in V. Oeil. The world still looks asqnintt and I deride Ills purblind judgment : Grissilis my bride. Futicnt Cii^et, p. 15. ASS. (1) To ask ; to command. Norl/i. He said he had more sorowthan sho. And assed wat was best to do. 3IS. Colt. Galba E. ix. f. 311. Thou speke to hym wythe wordcs heynde. So that he let my people pas To wyldtrncs, that thay may weynde To worshyp me as I wylle asse, Totcneteij .Mi/itt^ief, p 58. (2) Cooper, in his Dictionaire, in v. ylsinwi, says, " The asse waggeth his earcs, a proverbe ap- pUed to theim, whiche, although they laeke leamjnige, yet nill they babble and make a coiintenatmce, as if they knewe somewhat." (3) Ashes. NoHh. 5c honowre jour sepultoiirs curyousely with golde andsylver, and in vessellc madeof precyousestancs je putt the asse of jour bodys whenne thay ere brynned. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 34. ASSACH. An old custom among the Welsh, ac- coriUug to Cowell, whereby a person accused of a crime w as enabled to clear himself upon the oaths of three hundred men. See his Interpreter, 1658. ASS.VIES. "At all assaies," i.e. at all points, in every way, at all hours. Florio has, " Jpitistra armito, anned at all aitsaies," i. e. at all points, or " a tous poynts," as Palsgrave has it, f. 438. See Skeltou's Works, i. 239, 300. And was avauncyd thcr, so that he Worshipfully Icvyd there all his dales, And kept a good huwsehold at all amsaiet. HIS. Laud. i\6, t.A3. Shorten thou these wicked dales: Thinkc on thine oath atall uuaiea. Dra]/ton'ii Haiminie "/the Church, l.S!ll. ASSAII.E. An attack. .Malory uses this word as a substantive in his Morte d'Arthur, ii. 334. ASSALVE. To salve ; to allay. Thus I procure my wo, al.is ! In framing him hlx Joy, I sceke for to atsalve my sore, I brecdc my elieefe annoy. (jalfrido and Rfrnardo, 1570. ASSART. According lo CovvcU. assart lands are parts of forests cleared of wood, ami put into a state of cultivation, for which rents were paid under the name of assart rents. - It is also a verb. "Assart," says lilnunl, "isliikenfor anutl'cncecomniitti'il in the forest by plucking up those woods by the roots that are thickets or coverts of the forest, uiid by making them ASS 96 plain as arable land." See also Scatcherd's History of Morley, p. 166. ASSASSINATE. Assassination, what hast thou done, To make this barbarous base assassinate Upon the person of a prince ? DanieVs Civil Wars, iii. 78. ASSATION. Roasting. {Lat.) ASSAULT. The expression " to go assault" is translated by the Latin word cff/r many moo, That with his doujter schuldcn goo. Gowef, MS. Soc. Antiq. 134, f. 65. The whiche upon his hede assi/xed He bereth, and eke there ben devised Upon his wombe sterres thre. Gower, ed. 1532, f. 14?. ASSISH. Foohsh. Var. dial Florio has, " Ast- ndggine, assishnesse, blockishnesse." Passe not, therfore, though Midas prate. And assishe judgement give. GtUfrido and Bernardo, 1570. ASSKES. Ashes. Y wolde suche damsellys yn fyre were brent. That the asskes with the wynde awey myght fly. Reliq. Antiq. i. 29. ASS-MANURE. Manure of ashes. North. ASSMAYHED. Dismayed, Bot he stode alle assmayhed as stylle as ston. Chron. Vilndun. p. 43. ASS-MIDDEN. A heap of ashes. North. ASSNOOK. Under the fire-grate. Yorksh, ASSOBRE. To grow sober or calm. Of suche a drynke as I coveyte, I schulde assobre and fare wel. Gower, MS. Soc. Antiq. 134, f. 178. ASSOIL. To soil. So explained by Richardson, in a passage in Beaumont and Fletcher. Per- haps we may read assail. I mention it a*^ a mere conjecture. ASS0ILE."(1) To absolve. See Lye*s additions to Junius, in v. Puttenham has it as a substan- tive, meaning confession. See Nares, in v. Assoile : Langtoft's Chronicle, p. 209. And so to ben as.toilled. And siththen ben houseled. Pit'rs Ploughman, p. 419. God bring thaire saules untill his blis. And Goda.^sotjl thara of thaire sin, For the gude will that thai war in. Minofs Poems, p. 12. (2) To solve ; to answer. (.^.— V.) Caym, come fforthe and answere me, Msoyle my qWestyon anon-ryght. C*)ventry Mysterirs, p. 38. ASSOINE. Excuse; delay. {A.-N.) See Rit- son's Ancient Songs, p. 21 ; Kyng Ahsaunder, 1021. Also a verb, as in our first example. The scholde no weder me assoine. F!or. and Blanch. C>7. Therfore hit hijte Babiloyne, That shend thing n withouten a^sopne. Cur.iorMundi, MS. Coll. Tnn. Cantab, f. IS ASSOMON. To summon. See Morte d'Arthur i. 228, 275, 278 ; ii. 406 ; Brit. Bibl. i. 67. That is wel said, quod Philobone, indede. But were ye not as^omoned to appere By Mercurius, for that is al my drede ? Court o/ Love, I70. ASSORTE. An assembly. (A.-N.) " By one assor/e,'* in one company. I wole you tech a newe play ; Sitte down here by one assorte. And better myrthe never ye saye. MS. Douce 175, p. 4;t. ASSOTE. To dote on. (A.-N.) This word is a favourite with Gower. See Morte d'Arthur, i. 90, ii. 65, 161 ; Cotgrave, in v. Bon / Florio, in V. Impazzdre; Chaucer, ed. Uny. p. 428. This wyfe, whiche in her lustes grene. Was fayre and fresshe and tender of age. She may not let the courage Of hym, that wol on her axsote. Gower, ed. 1532. f. 12 So besiliche upon the note They herken, and in suche wise a.'.sote. That they here ryjt cource and wey Forjeie, and to here ere obeye. Gower, MS. S-jc. Antiq. 134, f 41 ASSOWE. In a swoon. Hurre modur adoun assowe duddefall. For sorwe he myjt wepe no more. Chron. Vilodun. p. 56. ASS-PLUM. Florio has " Asinine^ a kinde of asse-phim or horse-plum." ASS-RIDDLIN. In Yorkshire, on the eve of St. Mark, the ashes are riddled or sifted on the hearth. It is said that if any of the family die within the year, the shoe of the fated person will be impressed on the ashes. ASSUBJUGATE. To subjugate. Nor by my will assubjugate his merit. Troilu-s and Cressida, ii. 3. ASSUE. A term applied to a cow when drained of her milk at the season of calving. Somerset. Generally pronounced azew, as in the Dorset dialect. AST 99 AST ASSUEDLY. Consecutively ? As illc men dus day and nyght that es astuedli/ In wele and wa. MS. Coll. Eton. JO, f, 2. ASSUMP. Raised. The saied blshoppe, now beyng Cardinal, was aesoylcd of his bishopricke of Wynchtstcr, where- upon he sued unto our holy father to have a bulle declaratory, notwithstanding he was ajtsump to the state of cardinall, that the sea was not voyde. Ihill, Henry VJ. f. 61. ASSURANCE. Affiance ; betrothing for mar- riage. See Pembroke's Arcadia, p. 17, quoted by Narcs. ASSURDED. Broke forth. From Sourd, Then he aasurded into this exclamacyon Unto Diana, the goddes inmortall. Skelton's Works, i.374. ASSURE. (1) To confide. (J.-N.) Therefore, as freiidfulliehe in me assure. And tell rae platte what is thine encheson. Troilus and Creseide, i. 601 (2) To affiance ; to betroth. There lovely Amoret, that was a.fA'ur'd To lusty Perlgot, bleeds out her life, Forc'd by some iron hand and fatal knife. Beaumont and Fletcher, li. 107- (3) Assurance. Redy efte to profre a newe a.t.ntre For to ben trewe, and mercy me to prey. Chaucer, erf. Uiry, p. 432. ASSUREDLYEST. Safest. A great number of commons, alt chosen men, with speres on foote, whiche were the most aaauredlyeat harnesed that hath bene sene. Hall, Henry VIII. {. 42. AS-SWYTHE. Quickly. This word generally ought to be divided; yet Robert de Brunne, in MS. Harl. 1701, seems occasionally to use it as one word. ASSYGGE. A hunting term. Ve.shuH say, UlroM'/ut; ilt-osquet alwey whan they fynilc wele of hym, and (hun ye shul kesle out as$s/(,'^e al abowle the feld for to se where he be go out of the pasture, or ellis to his foorme. Reli'i. Antiq. i. 153. ASSYNED. Joined. Now, by my trouth, to speke my mynde, Syni they be so loth to hcasayned. Playe called the Foure PP. ASSTOG. To assign. Go thy way and make thi curse, A3 1 shall asayng the by myn advyssc. Digby Mysteries, p. 41. AST. Asked. North. Cf.Towneley Myst.p. 200. The sect scho aste for hir sonnes myght hir thynk weic sett. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 2;(1. The bisschop aat in quat stid - He ihuld this kirke gcrc make. MS. Ointab. Ff. v. 4fl, f. 79. ASTA. Hast thou. This form of thn word is given in the Clavis to the Yorkshire Dialogue, p. 90, Asfow is common in intcrrngative clauses in old English. ASTABILISUK. To establish. 1 shall at all tymcs and in all places, whnnsooever I shftlbc cjillud uppon, be redye and glad to con fcrme, ralefie, and a.tfabiliiihr this my deyd, purpos, inynd. and intmt, as fthalbc devlst^d by the lernt-d counacU of the kyngejt said blghiu-s. Wright' $ Sionaatic Lettera, p. 154. ASTABLE. To confirm. Luthfries, the Pope of Rome, He aataliled swithe sone Codes wcrkcs for to worche. MS. Cantab. Ff. v. 48, f. P6. ASTANT. Standing. The might him se aatant the by. Rambrun, p. 479. ASTAROTH. This name, as given to one of the devils, occurs in a curious list of actors in JubinaVs Myst. Ined. ii. 9. See Towneley Mysteries, p. 246; Piers Ploughman, p. 39.'5. ASTAT. State ; estate ; dignity. Whan he Is set in his axtnt, Thrc thevys be brout of synful gyse. Coventry Mysteriea, p. 12. ASTAUNCHE. To satisfy. And castethe one to chese to hir dellte, That may better o*/ouncAe hir appetite. Lydgate's Minor Pnema, p. 3*"'. ASTE. As if; although. It is tlic translation of acsi in an early gloss, in Reliq. Antiq. i. 8. Undir ilcpost thay layden, ytaie the clercus hemselven sayden. Four yven leves togydir knyt. For to proven of his wii. MS. Ointab. Dd. i. 17- ASTEDE. Stood. (J.-S.) So explained by Hearnc, in Gloss, te Rob. Glouc. p. 305, where we should probably read an a sfede, i. e. in a place. ASTEEPING. Steeping ; soaking. There we lay'd anteeping. Our eyes in endless weeping. Fletcher. ASTEER. Active; bustling; stirring abroad. North. See the Craven Dialect, ii. 359. ASTELLABRE. An astrolabe. With him his astellabrg he nom, Whiche was of fyn golde precious. Cower, MS. Soc. Antiq. 134, f. 188. ASTELY. Hastily. Or els, Jesu, y aske the reyd Astely that y wer deyd. Sir Amadat, 396. ASTEMYNGE. Esteeming. But the duke, litlea^rc-mj/n^such a defect, qult-k* lye after jicrsuaded the kynge to take syr Rycharde agayne to his favour. Archmologia, xxil. 226. ASTENTE. Stopped. {A.-S. ) See Wright's Pol. Songs, p. 342; Will, and the Wer\volf, p. 56. And or (hay come to Hantrible Ncvcre tliuy t\c aatente. MS. AahmoUZ^, f.I5. And thou that madest hit sotouj, Al thl bost ia sone a-jrrtN(. .4ppfnd. to II'. Mnpfs, p. 341. ASTER. Easter. North. Mr. Ilartshunicgives this form of the word as current in Shropsliire. Cf. Audelay's Poems, p. 41. And thus this atter lombnpcred. Chroti. Vilodun. p. 88. ASTERDE. To escape, (A.-S.) Tho wistc he wel the kyngis herte, That he the deth ne tthuldc aatente. Gowtr, MS. Sot: Antiij. 134, f. fl9. ASTERED. Disturbed. (A.-S.) In the fol- lowing ])assage, the Lincoln MS. reads stirred. Verstegan has atttired. For all here mlohil jirydc. The stout man was aatered. Sir Ucf^evante, On:.' .V.% AST 100 AST ASTERISM. A constellation. Miege. ASTERLAGOUR. An astrolabe. His almagiste, and bokis grete and smale, His asterlagotiy, longing for his art, His augrim-stonis lying feire apart. Chaucer, ed. Ui-iy, p. 25. ASTERT. (1) To escape. {A.-S.) See Hawkins' Engl. Dram. i. 9 ; Lydgate's Minor Poems, p. 183 ; Gower, ed. 1532, f. 70 ; Chaucer, Cant. T.1597, 6550 ; Piers Ploughman, p. 225 ; Digby My jteries, p. 8. of wiche the course my^te not aaterte Philolotes, that was the more experte. US. Digby 230. Ther schalle no worldis good asterte His honde, and jit he jevelh almesso. GoioCT-, iVS. Soc. Antiq. 134, f. 42. The to love make me so expert. That helle peynes I mot astert. MS. Hart. 2406, f. 05. (2) Hence, to release. {J.-S.) And smale titheres weren foule y-shent, If any persone wold upon hem plaine, Ther might astert hem no pecunial peine. Chaucer, Cant. T. 68%. (3) To alarm ; to take unawares. No danger there the shepherd can astert. Spenser's Eel. Nov. 187. ASTEYNTE. Attainted. What dostow here, unwrast gome I For thyn harm thou art hider y-come ! He ! fyle asteynte. horesone ! To mislo was ay thy wone. Kyng Alisaumier, R80. ASTIEGNUNG. Ascension. Versiegan. ASTIGE. To ascend ; to mount upwards. Versiegan* ASTINT. Stunned. {A.~S.) With so noble swerdes dent, That hem astint verrament. Avthour and Merlin, p. 309. ASTIPULATE, To bargain ; to stipulate. Hall. ASTIRE. (1) The hearth. ^lo,v„.,, Upstarted lightly from his looser make. The Faerie (jucene, 1. vU. 7- ASTOYNYN. To shake ; to bruise. Protnpt. Parv. ASTU\DT)LE. To straddle. Sterner. ASTRAGALS. A kind of game, soniewhat like coekall. Sec a curious account of it lu MS. Ashmole 788, f. 162. Blount I'as as <«i/a/u«. " to play at dice, huckle-bones, or tables. See his tilossograpliia, p. 59. ^^"^l^hatfel'^r't of infulels have often admitted ,ho.e matters of faet, which we Christ.ans eall m.- racies, and yet have endeavoured to solve them by " ../operations, and other ways not here to be spe- . Biiyfe'a II oris, v. Ibl. ASTR\MYEN. An astronomer. Astromym i UieVorm of the «ord in Kyng Alisaunder, 136 ; and Chaucer, in his tract on the astro- labe, has aHtroloijin, for an astrologer. Hyt was a gode astramtjen Thatonthemonek„wthe^seen.^^_^^^^^^_^_^^ ASTRANGLED. Strangled. See WiU. and the Werwolf, p- 6. For neigh hy wcren bothe for thurst ^,(ronyIe„. that of his own myn e unrll^uested, he made peace with the Mass,- " ' CoMyng3 Justine, f. 1/J- ASTRAUNGED. Estranged. Udal. This and the last word are taken from Richardson. ASTRAY. A stray animal. Prompt. Pan. ASTRAYLY. Astray. It is translated by /ltlla, a Xre%ranyof the celestiall bodies that give light into the world -, also an os/er, a planet. (2^ A hearth. " The asin or harth of a chim- ^ nev " MS. Ilarl. 1129,f. 7. Lambarde, in his Perkmbiilatiou of Kent, ed. V.m, p. 562, says that this word wiis inhis time nearly obsolee m Kent, but tliat it was retained in " Shropshyre and other pans." See A/.Ve. ASTRELA15RE. An astroiane. {A-N.) See Chancer, Cant. T. 3209. 1 have already quoted the passage from brry, in v. Asterlagour. ASTRENGTIIY. To strengthen. *rdhyganto»,W^.V-our.andto^^^^^^ ASTRETCHYN. To reach. It is translated l)> attingo in the Prompt. Parv. pp. 1 1, 16, 99. His hy^e vertu astrecfj.tth With bokis of his omat endityrge. Occleee, US. Soc. Anti^. VA, f. 26B, ASTREYNYT). Constrained. He is aairet/niid to the ihinge that contenys and to that thing that Is coiitcnyd ; and he \i also uj- ireynyd to the thinge that haluwis. and to that thinge that is halowid. MS. EgerUM M2, f. 177- ASTREYT. Straight. Forsothc he clansyt the lyvere aryt. And alle the mcmbrys benethe ajlreyt. Relit. Anttq. 1. 190. ASTRICTED. Restricted. As ficr being enclosed in a straite place wil by force utter his flamnie, andas the course of water (iJ(ric(f.1 and letted will Howe and brust out in continuance of ti.nc. Hall, Henry VI. f. 90. ASTRID. Inchned. Suffolk. ASTRIDGE. An ostrich lie make thee eatc yron like an atlridge, and swal- low my sword like a great pinne. The First Part of the Contetttion, 1594, ASTRIDLANDS. Astride. North. See Ray's English Words, in v. fyms/riV/. ASTRINGE. To hind ; to compel. (Lot.) Albeit your Highnes, having an honorable place. be named as one of the principal contrahentcs, yet neverthclesse your grace is not aatriuged or boundi n to any charge or other thing. Stale Papers, i. 11!'- ASTRINGER. " Enter a gentle astringer" is a stage direction in All's Well that ends Well. V. 1. Stcevens savs " a gentle astnnger" is a "gentleman falconer," and gives a reference to Cowell that requires verification. ASTRIPOTENT. The ruler of the stars. {Lat.) The high aalripolent auctor of allc. lis. Hart. 2251, f. 79- ASTROD. Stradling. Somerset. ASTROIE. To destroy. And aspie hem bi tropic. And so fond hem to aslruie. Jrthour and Merlin, p. 260. ASTROIT. A kind of precious (.') stone. Mhisheti. Sometimes called the star-stone, lirome, m lus Travels over England, j). 12, mentions (Hid- ing manv of them at l.assington, CO. Gloucester, and give's a i>articular account of their nature. ASTROLOGY. A herb mentioned by Palsgrave, f. 18, and by Gower, MS. Soc. Antiq. 134, f 201. It is perhaps the same with the ariato- logii, two species of which arc inentioncd in an old poem in Archa;ologia, xxx. 386. ASTRONOMER. An astrologer. This sense of the term is usual with our early writers. See Minot's Poems, p. 85. A learn'd «»(, (.iionier, great magician. Who Uvea hard-by retir'd. Ueuumonl and Fletcher, 1. 150. ASTRONOMIEN. Astrologer. Whichc was an axtrotwmien. And cek a gret magiden. (.• er, MS. Soc. Antiq. 134, f. 146. ASTROPIIEM.. A bitter herb ; probably star- wort, accorihng to Nares. My little flock, whom e.rst I lovM so well. And wont to fvcd with lineU grasso that g"". Fecde ye henceforth on bitter ', equivalent to, — as one may say, as the saying is. See Dyce's notes to Skelton, p. 86. ASWIN. Obliquely. North. ASWOGII. In a swoon. {A.-S.) Astvogh he fell adoun An hys hynder arsoun. Lt/beaus Disconus, 1171. ASWOUNE. Inaswoon. SeeCbaucer, Cant. T. 3826, 10788 ; Gy of Warwike, p. 17 ; Legend of Pope Gregory, p. 48; Rom. of the Rose,l804. He ferd as he wer mat ; Adoun he fel aswoune with that. Gy of TVarwike, p. 18. ASWOWE. In a swoon. See Amroi/h ; Laun- fal. 755 ; MS. Cantab. Ff. i. 6, f. 51. The king binethen, the stede aboue, For sotlie sir Arthour vrasaiu-oirr. Arthour and Merlin, p. 123. And whanne the mydwyf hurde that, Z he felle a-stcowe thar zhe sat. MS. Douce 236, f . 23. A-SYDEN-HANDE. On one side. But he toke nat his ground so even in the front afore them as he wold have don yf he might bettar have sene them, butt somewhate a-.-. (2) To. Constantly used as a prefix to the verb by early English writers. See Ywaine and Gawin, 812, 2344. Ga hethcne away fra me, quod he, for thou canne say noghte to mee, ne 1 hafe noghte at do with the. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 1. That es at say, with golde and ensence. And myre that they offerdc in thi presence. its. Linioln A. i. 17, f. I'M. (3) To. " This roal ull be daingcrus jist now, if a duuna doa sommat at it." Var. dial. (4) Eat. Nohadde thai DO wines Wat, No ale that was old, No no gode mete thai at, Thai hadden al that thai wold. Sir Tnatrem, p. 2G9. (5) ■Who ; wliicb. North. (6) Of. North. Scryppe and burdon can he take. And toke leve at hys wyfe. MS. Cantab. Ft. ii. 38, f. 122. He tuke his leve at the daye j4t Mildor the faire maye. Sir Dfgfevante, Lincoln MS. That same houre herly at morne, Marie Maudeleyne and hir two sisters asked leve at cure Lady, and went with theire oynementes to the sepulcrc. MS. Lincoln A. 1. 17, f. 186. (7) To attack ; to accost. A common eUiptical form of the expression to he at, or to get at. Also, to contend with or take in a game or otherwise. (8) For. At this cause the knyjt comlyehe hade In the more half of hia scheldehir ymagedepaynted. Syr Gawayiie, p. 25. ATACHE. To seize. And scyde, we atache yow y-wysse. For ye schalle telle us what he ys. MS. Cantab. Ff. 11. .18, f. l.^^. AT-AFTER. After; afterwards. North. See Chaucer, Cant. T. lOClG, 11531; Morle d'Arthur, ii. 220. It is an adverb and prep. I trust to see you att-a/ter Estur, As conning as I that am your master. MS. Haul. C. 258. ATAKE. To overtake. (A.-S.) See Amis and Amiloun, 2070; Chaucer, Cant. T. 10024. Sometimes it stands for tlie part. pa. Ataken, as in Chaucer, Cant. T. 6960, and our two last examples, fie turned his stedc and gan to fle» And GiJ after him, hi mi lcut(: ; Gode was the hfirs that Givlchard rod on. And so fast his stedc gan gon. That GiJ might him nought atake ; Therfore he gan sorwc make. G> of VVurwilcc, p. 52. And seydc, ha ! now thou art a-taltr, That thou thy werke myjle noujt forsake. Cower, J/. be athvfrtpa'jd that here ys an abbey callyd Ingham in Noifolke, not fare frome Seynt Benettes abbcye. Wrighfs Monastic I^tte>/t, p. G6. ATHYT. Perhaps this ought to be, at hyt. No storing of pasture, wiih baggedgly tyt. With ragged, with aged, and evel athyt. Tusser,ed. 1573, f. 14. A-TILT. At a tilt. Also, as a verb. See the quotations given by Richardson, in v. ATIRE. To prepare; to fit out. {^.-N.) What do* the kyng of France? atii-whiragode navie Tille Inglond, o chance to wynne it with maisirie. Peter Langto/t, p. 207. Atired ther-wendyng toward the March© right sone; Ibid. p. 240. ATISFEMENT. Ornament. (A.^N.) A pavilion of honour, with ilchcaiiajtrment. To serve an cmperour at a parlcmcnt. Peter lAittgto/t, p. 152. ATITLEO. Called; entitled. But ;it here sterris bothe two, S.Uorne and Jubiter also. They have, alle-thoujL- they be to blame, j4titled to here owen name. Guwer, MS. Soc. Antiq. 134, f. 133. This Aries, on of the twelfe. Hath Marche attitled for himsolve. Ibid. f. liu. Thu twelve monthisof the jere Attitled undir the power Of these twelve signis stonde. Ibid. f. II>9. ATLED. Arrayed. See Atyl. Hire teht nren white ase bon of whal, Fvene set ant ntled nl. Wright's Lj/ric Po^tf , p 34. AT-I.OWE. Below. And truly, nyrs, looke that ye trow That othere lord is none at-lnwe. Blithe man and beest to hym shalle bowe. In towneand feyld. Townet^v Myateritt,^ 133 ATR 106 ATT ATO. In two. See Atwo. To the stifles he yede. And even ato hem schare. Sir Ti-istrem, p. 159. ATOK. Took ; seized. Al that Fortiger atok. He let to-tlrawe and an-hong. Jitfwuf and MerlitJ, p. 18. ATOM. At home. Atome is still common in the p^o^^nces. And the Normans ne couthe speke the bote h«r owe speche. And speke French as dude atom, and here chyldren dude al-so leche. Rob. Clone, p. 364. ATOMY. (1) An atom. See Romeo and Juliet, i.-t. To tell thee truth, not wonders, for nn eye Sees thee but stands amazed, and would turn His crystal humour into ntumies Ever to play about thee. Beatim'jnt and Fletcher, iv. 283. (2) A skeleton. North. Shakespeare has tlie word in 2 Heniy IV. v. 4. AT-ON. United ; agreed. See Lay le Fraine, 279-320; Prompt. Parv. p. 6; Faerie Quecne, II. i. 29; Heliq. Antiq. i. 167. Thou base oure gude raene slane, I rede ;e be at-ant Or tbare dy any ma. Sir Degrevaute, Ltticoln MS. In that maner they are ar-nn. MS. Cantab. Ff. ii 38, f. 120. ATONE. To reconcile ; to agree. See Beaumout and Fletcher, i. HI ; Webster's Works, i. 73 ; As You Like It, v. 4. This verb is e\idently formed from af one. Shakespeare, Merry Wives of Windsor, i. 1, has atonement in the sense of reconcihation, agreement. ATOP. On the top ; upon. It is generally ac- companied by of or on; e. g. " I saw Mr. Brown atop of his new horse yesterday." Var. dial. ATORN. (1) To run away. Tho Water Tyrel y-sey that hew.nsded, anon Heatornde as vaste as he myjte ; that was hys best won. Rob. Ghuc. p. 419. (2) In turn ? A turn ? Thou hast y-dremed of venesone, Thou mostest drynke atom. MS. Jshmole 33, f. 4. (■3) Broken. Hants. ATORNE. Attorney. {A.-N.) The same manere jit doth he» That is a fals ntornH. MS. Bodl. 48, f . 166. ATORRYTE. Authority. This form of the word occurs in some verses scribbled in MS. Bodl. 546. ATOUR. About ; around. (A.-X) Ded buth my prynces be atour. K>/itg Alisaunder , 4511. ATOURNED. Equipped. {A.-N.) And otherwhile he might biia se. As a gret ost bi him te, Wele ataurned ten hundred kni^'htes, Ich y-armed to his riglites. Sir Orpheo, ed. haing, 253. ATOW. That thou. Loke alow no more wepe. For thi wiif lith stilie on slepe. Marie Mattdelein, p. 236. AT-PLAY. Out of work. Sta^. AT-RAHT. Seized; takeu away. SiiL'h reed me myhte spaclycliereowe. When al my ro were me at-raht. Wright's Lyric Puetry, p. 37- AT-RAUGHT. Seized. Who so ever he at-raught, Tombel of hors he him taught. Arthijur ana Merlir., p. ] ~S). ATRAY. To trouble ; to vex; to auger. From tray. See the Sevju Sages, 1867 ; Cov. Myst. p. 350, He sturte him up in a breyd. In his bene sore atrayyed- Kyng of Tins, 605. ATRETE. Continually; distinctly. It is trans- lated by tractim and distincfe in the Prompt. Parv. p. 1 7. Baber, in his glossary to Wickhlfe. refers to 2 Esdre viii. for an instance of the word. Hit was gnde preyers, I sei hit atrete. MS. Fernon, ArchtFologia, xviii. 25. ATRICK. An usher of a hall, or master porter. Minsheu. ATRIE. To try ; to judge. Chefe justise he satte, the sothe to atrie. For lefe no loth to lette the right lawe to guye. Peter Langtnft, p. 80. The rightes he did attrie of tho that wrong had nomen. Ibid. p. 245. ATRISTUN. Trust ; confide. Ther are thowsand spices of veyn supersticoun, that is, thing veynly ordeynid and veynly usid, and veynly that men atrisfun in, and all silk thingis are forbidun je in this, that thu schalt not tak his name in veyn. Apology fur the Li-Ihirds, p. 96. AT-ROUTE. To rout; to put to flight; to assem- ble. Mearne also gives the meanings, to re- sist, to gather together. So that men of purchas come to hym so gret route, That ther nas prince un-r.elhe that hym myjte atroutf. Rob. Glouc. p.78. AT-RYGHTTEZ. Completely. Luke je aftyre evensang be armyde at-ryghtlez On blonkez by 5one buscayle, by jone blyth stremez. Morte Arthurs, MS. Lincoln, f. 62. AT-SCAPEN. To escape. Jesu, thi grace th.it is so fre In siker hcpe do thou me, Atscnpen peyne ant come to the, To the blisse that ay ^hal be. Wiight's Lyric Portiy, p. 75. AT-SITTE. To withstand; to contradict. (.^^.-5.) See Rob. Glouc. p. 174 ; Arthour and Merlin, p. 68. For ther nas so god knyjt non nower a boute France, Tiiatin joustea scholde o(-»i«e thedyntof ys launce. Rob. GInuc. p. 137- Hise bode nedurstehe non at-sitte. Havelok, 2200. AT-SQUARE. In quarreL oft times yong men do fall at-square. For a fine wench that is feat and faire. Withals' Dictionarie , ■p 271. AT-STODE. Withstood. Cf. Rob. Glouc. p. 15. With sheld and spereout i-drawc That hoeredunt at-stode, MS. Digby 86, (.124. AT-STONDE. To withstand. I ne wendenojt that enyman my dunt ssnlden?-ji(w)rf«. Rob. Glouc. p. 300. ATT. To. We besekene ;owe that 5e ch*'?;e ^nw ;ong lordes and jotit; knyghtes that ere listy mene and ab\e for to suffre dise&sf for to be with 50W ; fnr here we gift'e lip att armes, if it be jour wille, and forsakes thame for ever. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17. f. 3 ATT 107 ATT ATTACHEN. To attach ; to indite. (J.-N.) And comauniled :i cunstabic, That com at tht- firste, To attiichen tho tytauntz. Piers Ploughman, p. 40. ATT.VCK'D-ED. Attacked. A common parti- ciple here, but more extensively used, 1 am told, in America. ATTAINT. A taint; anything hurtful. The verb seems to ho used in somewliat a pecu- Har sense in Morte d^Vrthur, ii. 266. It was also a term in chivaln*, 1 will not poKiin thee with my attaint. Nor fold my fault in cleanly cohi'd excuses. ShdJcfBpeare's Lun-ece. The kyng was that daye hyghly to be praysed, for he brake xxiij. spi-res, besyde atta^ntes, antl bare doune to ground a man of armes and hys horse ilfill, Henry I'UI, f. 55. ATTAL-SARKSIN. According to CowcU and Kennett, the inhabitants of Cornwall call an old mine that is given over by this name. The latter says, " probably because the Saxons em- plovd the Saracens in those labours." ATTAME. (1) To commence; to begin. (J.-N.) Also, to broach a vessel of hquor, as in Prompt . Parv. p. 16, where it is translated by attamino. And thereupon he schulde anoiie attamu Another of newe, and for the more honoure. Lydgate, MS. Soe. Aniiq. 134, f. « Yes, hoste. quoil he, so mote I ride or go» But I be mery, y-wis I wol be blamed ; And right auon his tale he hath a'.tamed* Chancer, Caut. T. 14824. There was none suche sithen Adam dide aiame The frute to ete» for eyther halte or lame. MS, Soc.tntiq. 13^, f, 1. (2) To feel; to taste. For sithin that payne was first named, Was ner more wofull payne attained, C/iaurer't Drcame, 596. (3) To hurt ; to injure. This is, I believe, the meaning of the word in Chaucer's Dreame, 1128, wliich Tyrwhitt conjectures to be dis- graced. Of his scholdcr the swerd glod doun, That bnthe plates and haubcrjoun He carf atnd y plight, Al to the naked hide y-wis; And nought of (lesche ntnmed is Thurch grace of God Almight, Cp of Wanvikc, p. 325. ATTAK. After. Salup. ATTASK'D. Blamed. See Alapt. You aremucli more aitnsK-'d for want of wisdom, Than prais'd for harmful mildness, KUtfr Lear, i. 4. ATTAST. To taste. See Dial of Great. Moral, p. 91. And to f>on frute In specyall he had grcte hast, His aptyde was desirous therof to attaai. MS. iMud 4iG. f. Oi. ATTE. At the. {A.-S.) And thannc seten fomme. And Bongen atle na]e. Piern Ploughman, p. 124. ATTE-FROME. Immediately. {A.-S.) See Kyng Alisaunder, 5356. With that came a sergeant prickand, Gen til he was and well speakand ; To Sir Guy Is he come, And him he gret atte frume. miii't Met. Hvm. 11. 10. ATTELE. To aim ; to design ; to conjecture; to go towards; to approach; to judge. See Sir F. Madden's glossan,-, in v. and Ettte. The emperowr entred in a wey evtne to atteh To have bruttenet that bor and the abaie seththen. IVill. and the Wt-rwoJ/, p. «. For-thi an aunter in erde 1 atlfe to schawe. SifT Gawaync, p. 4. ATTEMPERALLY. Temperately. That mane es no^te mekilles at comroend that alwayes lylTes in disesse ; b(it he es gretly to com- mend that in reehes lyffez udemperallp. Ma. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 'M. ATTEMPERAUNCE. Temperance. See Lyd- gate's Minor Poems, pp. 194, 209; and tlie example under Fralour. And SQVtTiiyniy she had nttrmpfiraunce. Lytlgnte, MS.Mhmole 39, f. 11. ATTEMPRE. (1) Temperate. (^.-N.) In Wright's Monastic Letters, p. 189, we have attempred in t he same sense. See M aimdcvile's Travels, p. 276. Atumyye diete was all hire physike. And exercise, and hertes sufflsance. Chaucer, Cant. T. 14W4. (2) To make temperate. SeeTroilus andCreseide, i. 954. Thcr may no welthe ne poverle Attempre hem to the dccerte. Cower, MS. SocMntiq. 1S4, f. 47. ATTEMPRELY. Temperately. (^.-A^.) Governeth you also of your diete Attemprely, and namily in this hete. Chaucer, Cant. T. \3\V2. ATTEMPTATE. An attempt. As horunto the kynge marvaylith gretly off thys presumptuose attemi'tute iisydde by the Frenchemrn in liys streme, and takyth the same verrayc dis- ])Ica^antly. State}*apers,\.3^. ATTENDABLY. Attentively. Palsgrave has atlendable, attentive. Because they scholde the more attcndably study and werke the more spcdyly aboute the thynges that rayghte cause and haste thcr delyveraunce. MS. Arundel 14B. ATTENT. Attentive. Shakespeare has the word in Hamlet, i. 2. See also Richardson, in v. while other rusticks, lessc allent To prayers then to nierryment. Herrick's Work; i. 140. ATTER. (1) Poison. (^A.-S.) Hence, corrupt matter issuing from an ulcer, as in Prompt. Parv. p. 10, where it is translated hy sanies. This latter is also the provincial use of the word ; Forby has it, and Skinner gives it as a Lincolnshire word, in wliich county it now seems to be obsolete. Kcnnell, ,\IS. Lansd. 1033, says it was used in Sussex in the same sense. See I'icrs Ploughman, p. 243. Of vych n wcrm tlinl utter bcrelh. Other it stingcth, other II tereth. Oihj/heare'j Octavlan, p. 57, Thai sharped thar tung als nctUlerso, Attrg of snakes undir lippcs of tho. JUS. Bodl. 436, f. 87, (2) An otter. Take heare cattcs, dogges too. At(er and foxe, llllle, mare -..Uov. ChcMwr Playi, i SI ATT 108 ATT (3) Attire ; array. In valewe eke much more did cost his wenches pall, Then all th" alter is worth that covereth altres tenne. Append, to IV. Stapes, p. 278. ATTERCOP. A spider. (J.-S.) It is trfmslated by aranen in the Prompt. Parv. p. 16, aud the provincial glossaries give it also the sense of a spider's vreb, as Ray, Kennett, and others. See Prompt. Par\'. p. 140, and the list of old words prefixed to Batman nppon Bartholome, 1582, where it occurs in the first sense. Stanihurst, in his Description of Ireland, p. 11, says a spider was called an attercop in some parts of that countiT, and even in Fingal. Pegge ex- plains it, "the venomous spider," which agrees with the etymology from aiter, poison ; though cobweb, which was anciently spelt cnpweh, may have been derived from the latter part of the word ; Diit. Kop, a spider ; Welsh, Cop or Coppin. In the North of England, the term is applied to a peevish, Ul-natured person, not exclusively to the female sex, as Mr. Brockett seems to sav. ATTERLOTHE. Nightshade. It is the transla- tion of morella in an early list of plants in MS. Harl. 978, f. 25. ATTERLY. Utterlv. Skinner. ATTERMITE. An'ill-natured person. North. ATTERN. Fierce ; cruel ; snarling. Glouc. ATTERY. Purulent. East. Irascible ; choleric. ll'est. Clearly connected with attry, veno- mous, q. V. Chaucer speaks of a//cy anger in the Persones Tale, p. 63. ATTERYNG, Venomous. (y/.-S.) On face and hondis thei had gret nayles, And grette homes and atteryng taylys. Tundale, p. 6. ATTEST. Attestation; testimony. An esperance so obstinately strong, Tliat doth invert the attest of eyts and ears. Truilnsand Cres^ida, V. 2. ATTEYNANT. Attainable; appertaining. To joyne suchea worke, or it to rectify. To me it semeth so farre sette awrye, In tyine of yeares, to other dyscordaunte. That to my dulle wytte it is not atteyiiant. Fabian's Chronicle, prnl. ATTEYNT. Convicted. At London thei ^Qxatteynt, decr^ was mad for thate, Langti'ft's Chronicle, p. 122. ATTICE. A carpenter's tool ; an adze. Sofnerset. ATTINCTURE. Attainder. In what case the ri^hte of the matter was theirc, and whether anye attivcture, <;t;itute, or alyenacion. were made by anye of the aunccsters of this gentle- man, by which his ryghte were extincte. ^rchceolfigifi, xxviii. 128. ATTIRES. The horns of a stag. Skinner says. " coruua cervi adulta, q. d. cervi ornamenta." ATTLE. Rubbish, refuse, or stony matter. A mining term. ATTOM'D. Filled with small particles ; tliick. Whereas mens breaths doe instantly congeale, And attiiin'd mists turne instantly to hayle. Drayton's Poems, p. 204- ATTONE. Altogether. And his fresii blood did frieze with fearefuU col.i. That all his sences seem'd berefte atr<.me. The Faerie Queene, II. i. 42. ATTONES. At once. North. And thenne they alyght sodenly, and sette the^r haudes upon hym all attonea, and toke hym prysoner, and soo ledde hym unto the castel. Morte ^Arthur, i. 319. Fair queen of love, I lov'd not all atfunce, Peele's Works, i. 41. ATTORNEY. A deputy. This original mean- ing of the word is used in the Alchemist, ii. 1. See also Hawkins's Engl. Dram. i. 40. Shake- speare makes a verb of it in Measure for Mea- sure, V. 1, ATTOUR. (1) Ahead-dress. [A.-N.) Nor I nil makin mencioun Nor of her robe, nor of tresour Of broche, ne of htr riche attour, Ne of her girdle about her side. Rom. of the Rose, 3/18. (2) Around. (A,-N.) See Jtour. Attour his belte his liart lockis Iaie» Feltrid unfaire, or fret with frostis hore. Te^tamtut of Creseide, 162. ATTOURNE. To return. For there he wuuUle no longer make sojourne. But with Troyans to their lande ntt.niriie. Hards/ng's Chronicle, f. 14. ATTOURNEMENT. A law term, defined by Minsheu to be " a yeelding of a tenant unto a new lord." See also Wright's Monastic Let- ters, p. 88 ; Holinslied, Chron. of Ireland, p. 102. ATTRACT. An attraction. For then their late attracts decline. And turn as eager as prick'd wine. Hudibras, III. i. 69.1. ATTRAITS. Flattery. Skinner. ATTRAP. To entrap. (Fr.) It sometimes means to dress, to adorn. See Richardson, in v. The king accompanied with tlie Dukes of Somer- set and Excester, and other of the line of Lan- caster, determined clerely to set on the Duke of Yorke and his confederates, and them by force either utterly to vanquish, or by pollecy to nttmp and bring to confusion. Hall, Henry VI. [, 92. ATTRIBUTION. Seems to be used by Shake- speare, 1 Henry IV. iv. 1, ioi commendation. ATTRID. Poisoned. {A.-S.) Archars with arows with attrid barhis. MS. Ashmole 44, f. 42. ATTRITION. Grief for sin, arising oidy from the fear of punishment. See Tyndall, quoted by Richardson, in v. ATTROKIEN. To faU. (^.-.9.) I nelle noujt fastinde late him go. That heo beon over-come. And attruki'-n bi the weie for feblesse. That honger hem habbe i-nome. MS. Laud. 108, f. 1. ATTRY. Venomous ; poisonous. (A.-S.) He shal hem smyte and do to lijt; He shal hem jyve ful attri/ dynt. Cursor Mundi, MS. Coll. Trin. Cantab, f. 131 With iren, fuyr, or attri beest. How that ever thei may hardest. Ibid. f. 132. ATTUR. Hotter. As owre the glede attur ys feyre. MS. Cantab. Ff. ). 6, f. 52 ATTWEEN. Between. Var. dial Attueen too theevys nayled to a tre. Lydgate's Minor Puems, p. 263 ATW 109 ATTYSE. To entice. Servauntes, avoyde the company Of Ihcm that playe at cardes or dyse : For yf that ye them haunte, truely To thefte shall they you soone attyse. Jitc. Poetical Tracts, p. II. ATUGON. Drawn. Verstegan. AT-UNDERE. In subjection. Piayes hym for the p»s, and profyrs fulle large To hafe pet^ of the Pope, that put was at-undfre, Murte Jrthxar, MS. Lincoln, f. 87. AT-VORE. Before. Jiob. Glouc. AT-WAPED. Escaped. What wylde &o at-wapcd wyjes that schotten, Watt al to-raced and rent, at the rcsayt. Syr Gawayne, p. 44. A-TWAYN. In two; asunder. See Southey's notes to the Morte d' Arthur, ii. 472. And clef ys body e%'ene a-twayn With that stroDge spryng. MS. .Ithmole 33, f. 30. A-TWEE. tn two. North. ATWEEL. Very well. North. ATWIN. (1) Asunder; in two. Suffolk. See Rltson's Anc. Pop. Poet. p. 65 ; Sir Tristrem, pp. 152, 271 ; Chaucer, Cant. T. :i589. She and her Sonne was departed atwin. For he and she were to nye kynne. Syr Dcgorr, 91(0. (2) To part asunder. The furste p.iyne of the seven. That je me herd byfore neven, Vs the grete drede that the soule ys inne, Whan the bodye and yt schal a-twynne, MS. Laud. 48«. AT-WIRCHE. To work against; to do evil work to. Al that trowe on Jhesu Crist, Thai fond at-wirche ful wo. Stv"t Mergrete, p. 103. ATWIST. Disa^eement. North. In Somer- setshire it is used for twisted. AT-WIST. Knew. Another dal Clarice arist, And Blauncheflour at-wi»t Whi hi made so longc dcmoere. Hartthnrnc's Met. Talc. p. 105. And thou In thine halie me sle. For tralsoun it worth at-wint the. Gyof Wartfilce, p. 251. ATWITE. To twit; to upbraid. (^.-S.) See Uo)). Glouc. p. 33; State Papers, iii. 23. In our second example it is used for the particii)le. See Attvot. Sir8tcw.ird, that wasivel y-smitc, In unworthschlp it worth the atwile. Gy of Warwikif, p. 152. He was tvroth, yeschul here wire. For Merlin hadde him ntii'ite. Mrlti'jw unit Merlin, p. 341. ATWIXE. lietwecn. See .Vmis and Amiloiin, 805. How first the spnrkc was kyndled of cnvie Mu'tje Grekys and hem of Troyc town. MS. IJigiy 2.12. f. 2 ATWIXT. Between. Siiffoli. See tlic Faerie Queenc, I. viii. 13. The Prompt. Parv. gives atwyryne, atveri/n, aiid alrvyxt ; and atwUia occurs in Troilus and Creseide, i. 418. ATWO. In two; asunder. West. Avoutrle ii the grctcst theft that may be ; for It AUD is theft of body ami of soule. an.l h is liketohomi- cide, for it kcrveih atwua.nd brtkcth atwo hem thnt first wfre made on flesh. Pcrfoncs Tale^ p. 1U4. AT\VOT. Twitted ; uiiliraided. The loverd let make a grct fere. An ! let of sende a myghebour, Uh understonde a god harbour. And set his wif forth fot-hol. And hire misdedes hire atwot. Sevyn Sages, lii^S, The soudan cleped hem fot-hot, And his sones detb hem atwot. Gy ofWai-wihe, p. 210 AT-YANCE. At once. North, ATYL. (1) Furniture; attire. See the example from Robert of Gloucester, quoted under Ascynt. (2) To array ; to accoutre. {A.-N.) ho that, at certeyn day y-set, to thys batayle hii come, A lute wythoute Parys, atyled wel y-nou. Rob. Glouc.p. 18 i. A-TYME. On a time. .4-tyme, to speke myd hys moder, to Engelond hecciii. An gret foleof Normandye myd hym hydtr he nome. Rob. Clouc. p 3:^6- ATYR. Attire ; ornaments. {A.-N.) Thto ut!/>- was therein soriehe, lu al this world nys him iion liche Kpttg Mhaundei't V'**'- AU. All. North. Tusser, p. 174, lias .V« for August, probably for the sake of the rhyme. though perhaps from Fr. Aout. AUBADE. A serenade. Minaheu. {Fr.) AUBERK. A hawlterk. Auberk, aketoun, and scheld, Was inani to-broken in that feld. Jt (hour and Merlin, p. 221. AUCEY. So the first folio of Beaumont and Fletcher reads, in the Coxcomb, iv. 4. The second folio reads awkexvard — "M'hat awke- ward words they use beyond the seas !'* Mr. Dyce reads sawcy [saucy?] in his edition. iii. 187. The reading of the second folio must be preferred to conjectural emendation, but aucey may be right, and some form of auky q. v. AL'CTE. Property. To-morwen shal raaken the fre, And auc(c the yeven, and richemake. Havelok,&3\. AUCTORITEE. A text of scripture, or of some celebrated writer. {Lat.) See Notes to Rish- anger*s Chronicle, p. Ul. But, diinie, here as we rldcn by the wjy. Us nedeth not lo spoken but of game, And let •tuitoriteea in Goddes name To prcching, and to scole eke of clcrgle. ChaUi:er,Cant. T. (^SitJ. AUCTOITR. An author, {lat.) Uy wiite of man, al thyngc that is contryved ■Standithc In proporclouhe, plainly to conclude. In olde audouit lyke as It is dlicryved, Whciher it bcdepnessc or longitude. Lytif^ite'a Minor Poems, p. 80. AUCYNTURE. A cincture. And also holy watyr uppon thcsontlay in dcrtc tievyn by the prelst that of the bathe cure, \i\ tyme of ncdc Is for thy holy aucs/ninre. MS. Laud 41G. (. 49. AUDACIOUS. This word was uot always used AUG 110 AUG l)v our early ■writers in a had sense, bnt fre- quently meant no more than liljeral or com- mendable boldness. See Love's Labours Lost, V. 1. AUD-FARAND. A term applied to cbildren who have copied the manners of elderly people. Kennett, MS. Lansd. 1033, says, '■ a forward or old-growing child, as chiUlren are said to he aud-farnnd when they are witty or wise hevond their years, apnd Boreales." Kennett derives it from A.-S. Faran. See also his Glossary, ed. 1816, p. 72. AUD-FASHINT. Grave; sagacious; ingenious. North. AUDIENCE. Hearing. Chaucer. AUD-PEG. An inferior sort of cheese, made of skimmed milk. North. AUEN. Own. Qui suht I him servis yield ? Al sal be at myn auen WfiM. MS. Cott. rff'ptu. .\. iii f. 4. AUFYX. The bishop at chess was formerly so railed, and is conjectured to be derived from the Arabic al-_fil, an elephant, that being the piece which took the place of the bishop in the East. In the tract De Velula, falsely ascribed to Ovid, the following pieces are men- tioned as used in chess, — Miles et Alpinus, JfoccHS, }{e,r, Virgo, Pedesque. See Ducange, in V. Atphinun; av.d Atfyn. So yn a day, a? .le pieide at the chesse, and by- helde tlie kyiig sf tte yn the pley, somtynie hy and soratyine lowe, among au/t/ns and pownys, he thought therwithp that hit wulde be so with him, for he shuldedey, and be hid uiidir erthe. Ge.^ta Rotitannritm, p. 61. And of arrjt/tye eke also On hir syde slie had two, Wrnght of a stone of grete fame, Eii.itropia was the name. MS. Fairfni, 16. AUGENT. August; noble. Hayle, cumly kyngis nu^fut .' Good surs, 1 pray you whedder ar ye ment. Sharp's Coc. Mt/sl. p. 101. AUGGERES. Agues. A man that is iiere y-hunge and lyght, Tho never so stalworthe and whight. And comly of shape, lovely and fayr, jiu^geres and ruelles will soon apayr. J. de Wageby {Hampole) , p. 5. AUGHENE. Own. He covetyd noghte to dye, if it were plesyng to the Fad ire of hevene; and never the lessehisrtw^;*tf»e Fadire wolde noghte here hym. .VS. LtKcoIn A. i. 17, f. 179. AUGHT. (1) Possessions; property. {.^,-S.) He highrh hem uughtie and gret nobieys. He schuldL-n hit hele and bt-n in \\eU. Kyng Alisaundei-t 6884. Havelok his sone he him tauhte, Andhise twodouhtres, and al hxsauhte. Havelok,22\5. (2) Possessed. See Langtoft's Chronicle, p. 126; Se\7n Sages. 1336; Ipomydon, U22. King Triainours elders it laught. King Darri sum time it aught. Gy of Warwike, p 31J. (3) Ought ; owed. East. For mi Ii.'rdts doubter sche is. And ieh his nori, forsothe y-wis, Tliertf re ich aught him trewetheberc iiy of Warwike, p. 7- (4) Anything; at alL (J-S.) And as they were in great aventure, They saw a drowmound out nf mesure ; The drowmound was so hevy fraught. That unethe myght it sayleii anght. Richard Coer do Lion, 24CO. (5) Eight. That es at saye, a twelvemOnthe and aughte mo- nethessalle thou lyflFe, and thane he that thou trais- tcz one salle giffe thee a drynke of dtdd. MS. Lincoln A. i, 17, f 40. They ocui>yede the empyTe at/ghte seore wynttyrs. Morte Arthure, MS. Liuvoln, t'. 56. AUGHTKD. Cost. Bevis did on his acquetoun, That had atighted many a town. Ellis's Met. Rt/Tn. ii. 111. AUGHTENE. The eighth. One the aughtene day of thi byrthe here, That the firste day es of the neive jere, Circumcyscde in body walde thou be, Alles the law was thane in sere contr^. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 1!«>. Aftyr the aughtenric day, whene undioune es rungene, Thou salle be hevedi-de in hye, and with horssedrawfuc. Morte Arthure, MS. Lincoln, f. .SS. AUGHTS. Any considerable quantity. North. This is prohahlv connected with aught, q. v. AUGHT-WHERE. Am-where. {A.-S.) As wol.ie God above that I had give My blode and fleshe, so that I might live With the bones that he had aught-w',cre a wife For his estate, for soche a lusiie life She shouldin ledin with this lustie knight. Hypsipiyle and Medea, l7-1. AUGLE. To ogle. North. Kennett gives tliis form of the word in his glossary, MS. Lansd. 1033, f. 25. AUGRIM-STONES. Counters formerly used in arithmetic, and which continu'd to be em- ployed long after the introduction of Arabic numerals. In the Winter's Tale, iv. 2, the clown says, "Let me see; — Every 'leven wether tods ; every tod yields pound and odd shilling: fifteen hundred shorn, — what comes the wool to? — I cannot ddt vnt hout counters.^' His astrelabre, longing for his art, His augrim-stvnes, layen faire apart On shelves couched at his bcddes bed. His presie y-covered with a faiding red, Chaucer, Cant. T. 3?10. AUGUELLE. A kind of fish, mentioned in an old document quoted in Davies's York Records, p. 124. Qu. AiH/tielle. AUGULKOC. This word occurs in some glosses from the Cambridge MS. of Walter de Bibbles- worth, printed in Reliq. Antiq. ii. 83. The French is un treyn. Qu. Anyulkoc. AUGURIOUS. Predicting. 1 beleeve the scruple those augurious people in such kind of accidents have, would have made this man have abandoned me to the fury of those cursed anim.tls. A Comical History of the World in the Motin, 10.50. AUGURYNE. A fortune-teller. And treuly I have seen of Paynemrs and S.ra- zincs, that men clepen artgrr-yni;8, that w? an wto ryden in armes in dyverse contrees \ipon oure ene- myes, be the flyenge of foules thei wohle telle us t'le prenosticaciouns ut* thinges that felle aftre. MaundevUe^t Travels, p. 167- AUM 111 AUN AUGUSTA. A cant term for the mistress of a house of ill-fame. See Ben Jonson's Works, .d. Gifford, iv. 46. AVHTEN. Eight. ^ubten jere Edgar rcgned kyng and sire ; He lies In tombe in the abbey of Glastcnblre. Langtftfes Chronicle, p. 36. AUK. Inverted; confused. In the East of Eng- land, hells are " rung ouk." to give alarm of fire ; and Palsgrave has. " I rynge aukc- ■warde, je Sonne ahrauslc." It was formerly the general custom to ring hells hackward in cases of fire. See Gifford's Massinger, i. 236. The older meaning is angry, ill-natured, as in the Prompt. Parv. p. 1 8 ; where we also have, " auie, or wronge, sinister." This last sense is still in use in the North of England, and Tusser tells us that had hushandry droops " at fortune so auke." See the Five Hundred Points, 1573, f. 58. An auk stroke is a hackward stroke, as in Palsgrave, f 18 ; Morte d' Arthur, i. 148, 2S4. Brockett says that the word is applied to a stupid or clumsy person in the North of England. 3e tbat liste lias to lyth, or luffes for Inhere Offeldersof aide tyrae, and of Ihvlrc a wke dedys. Sforte Jrthnre, MS. Liiicoilit f. 53. AUKERT. Awkward. Var. dial. AUL. An alder. Uerefordsh. The following is a country proverh : When the bud of tlic aul is as big .^s the trout's eye. Then that fish is in season in llie river Wye. AULD. (1) Old. Var. dial. (2) The first or hest, a phrase used in games. ■' That is the auld howl." East. (3) Great. North. It is used in tlic same man- ner as old in the Merry Wives of Windsor, i. 4. See Pegge's Anecdotes, p. 100. AULD-ANE. The devil. North. Perhaps the more usual term is Auld-NicK: AULD-LANG-SYNE. A favourite phrase in the North, hy which old persons express their re- collections of former kindnesses and juvenile enjoyments, in times long since past, — immor- talised hy the song of Burns, " Sliould auld acquaintance he forgot." See Brockett, in v. AULD-THRIFT. Wealth accumulated hy the successive frugality of a long race of ancestors. North. AULEN. Of alder. Hfrrfordsh. AUljN. A I'Yench measure of 5 ft. 7 in. said hy Lewis to he tised in Kent. AUM. (1) Anaim. Palsgiavc, f 18,has, "..^ume or marke, esme." (2) An elm. North. (3) AUum. North. AUMA. A sort of pancake. This is given by Boucher as a Ilerefoidshire word, but it seems to he now olisolete. AUM.ML. To enamel. It is a substantive in Syr (iawayne, p. 11. All bnr'd with golden bcndes, which were entoyld With curious antickex, and full (ayxc aumapld. The Fuerie t^ecne. II. iii. 27- AUMAIST. Almost. North. AUMBES-AS. Amhcs-as, q.v. Akc i-bcred beo swete Jhtsu Crist, Huy casten aumbeB-ae. MS. Laud. 108, f. U'7 Stillc, stille, Satanas ! The is fallen c', as in a recipe in the Forme of Cm-, p. 13, which the original, MS..\ddit. 5016, seems to read avante. See Reliq. Antiq. i. 55 ; Prompt. Parv. pp. 17, 266; Tusser, p. 118; Warner's Antiq. CuUn. p. 5. Markham, in liis Countrie Farme, ed. 1616, p. 182, says " costmarie and avens are verie pleasant hearbes to give a sa- vour Uke spice in pottage and salads." See also Topsell on Serpents, p. 62 ; Cooper, in v. Cariophillata ; MS. Sloane 5, f. 11. AV.\NCEMENT. Advancement. Thorgh con:eile of som of hise, refused he that present ; Thei said, on other wise he salle haf cvnticfment, Peter Laiigtofi,p. 105. AVANITTE. Thought ; will ; pleasure. God and grace es with thaim wroghte. That with swylke pride dyse gyse Iher clothe ; Never the lese ylk man may Eftyr hys avanitt6 make hym gay. R. de Brunne, MS. Botoet, p. 24. AVANSE. To escape from. For any cas that may be-tyde, Schall non therof avame. The CokwoltTs Daunce, 165. AVANTAGE. Advantage. (A.-N.) As sooth is sayd, elde hathgret avantage In elde is bothe wisdom and usage. Chaucer, Cant. T. 2449l AV ANT-CURRIERS. Florio has " Efesii, windes blowing very stiffely for fortie daies together from the east, just about the dog-daies, called of mariners the Avant-curriers." AVANTERS. Portions of the numbles of a deer, which lay near the neck. See Syr Gawayne, p. 50 ; Book of St. Alban's, sig. D. iv. AVANTMURE. The fore-wall of a town. This term is given as EngUshin Palsgrave and Cotgrave. (/"r.) AVA 115 AVE AVANT-PEACn. An early kind of peach. AVANTTWARDE. The vanward of an army. 1 salle have the avanttu-arde wytteily myselvenc. Morte Artfture, MS. Lincoln^ f. 66. AVARDE. Aii-aid. (J.-S.) AVAROUSEU. More avaricious. (.I.-N.) Are no men (ivarouser ih^n hU Whan thei ben avauncett. Piers Ploughman, p. 26. AVARYSY. Avarice ; covetousness. May we read an arysy ? Oure Lord scy to the edder tho. Fend, why dyde Ihou hym that wo? The fend ausuerd with avaryay. Fore I had to hym envye. MS. Ashmnle 61, f. 85. AVAST. A sea term, meaning stop, bold, enough. It always precedes some orders or conversation. See Tooke's Diversions of Pur- ley, p. 573; Skinner, in v. Tooke days that Dr. Johnson's interpretations, which 1 have here adopted, are erroneous, but such are its ordinan.' uses by sailors. Johnson's etymology from Ital. and Span. Basta is sutEciently plausible. AVAUNCY. To advance; to raise. For I thenke to avauucy myne, And wel the more schal be here pyne. MS. Addit. 10036, f. 49. AVAUNT. (1) Before. The morow came, and forth rid this marchaunt To Flaunders ward, his prentishim avaunt. Till he to Bruges came full merily. Chaucer, ed. Vrry, p. 141). (2) Forward. {A.-N.) This was an ancient hunt- ing cry. See Sir H. Dr>den'sTwici, p. 45. And with that worde came Dredc avaunt, Whiche was abashed and in grete fiTc. Rom. of the RosSt 3958. Sir Degrevnnt was thane sa nere. That he those wordis myght here; He said, Avajit, b;;nerc ! And trompis on hight. Sir Di'grevaunt , Lincoln MS. (3) A boast. (A.-X.) See Chaucer Cant. T. 227 ; Reliq. Antiq. ii. 21. Than said Sir Degrevaunt, Thou sallc noght mak thine avaunf. That I Salle be recreaunt. For frcnd ne for faa. Sir Dff^revaunt, Lincoln MS. (4) To boast. This provcrbe lerne of me, Avaunt nevyr of thy degree. Antiq. Rep. Iv. 401. (5) Dismissal. " To give her the avaunt,'^ Ileury VUI. ii. 3. In the following passage it apparently means leave, departure, or perhaps praise, boast. Alle thay mad thalr avaunt Of the lord Sir Degrevaunt. Sir Dvffrevaunt, Lincoln MS. AVAUNTANCE. Boasting. The vice dupid avaiinCance, with pride hath take hi$ai|ucintancc. Cower, US. Sue. Anlii. iM, f. .'4. AVAUNTARYE. Boasting. And thus the worschipc of his name, Thorow pride of his nvauntarye. He turneth iDto vilenye. Oouitr, MS. Soc. y/»riv. 134, f. S4. Rebulte him for that itl£ of that avauntne. Peter Lnngtoft, p. 154. AVAUNTLAY. Under the oid system of l,un - ing it was customary lo send one or two cou- ples of hounds, with a man, to several points where it was expected the game would pass. When the deer or other animal came up these hounds were uncoujilcd. See Sir H. Dryden's notes to Twici, ]>. 44. Reiay properly means any of these sets of hounds ; but avaunlrelay, or, more commonly, avauntlay, those which, when a hart was unharboured, were a-head of him. See further observations on this sub- ject in a ciu'ious work, entitled the Booke of Hunting, 4to. Loud. 1586. AVE. (1) Have. Therfore we must fight .igajiie hym, and we shhall ave victorye, for he is but fcble agayne them that wyl withstonde hym. Dial. Creat. Moral, p. C*?. (2) Evening. The king ther stode with his mein^ On a palmesounes ave. .-trthour and Merlin, p. 200. AVEARD. Afraid. U'est. But an he have his legs at liberty, Cham aveard he will never live with you. London Prodigal, p. 107, AVEAUNT. Gracefid ; becoming. So also the original MS. of Le Bone Florence of Rome, 128, reads ; which Ritson alters to avenaunt. Ageync hym came syr otcs the graunt, .\ dughty knyght and an nreaunt. Lf Bene Florence of Rome, e&i. Thys swyrdeys gode andtireaunt. But 1 faght wyth a gyaunt. MS. Canlah. Ff. ii 38, f. !U. AVE-BLOT. A reckoning; h payment. Miitsheti. AVE-BOORDS. Cotgrave has, " Judes, the short boords which are set into th'outside of a water-mills wheele ; we call them ladles, or ave-boords." AVEDEN. Had. Quanne he weren alle set, .\ud the king areden i-grct. He grctcn. and gouleden, and goven hem illc, .And he bad hem alle ben :>Iille. Havetok, 163. AVEER. Property. (v/.-.V.) Ne thei don to no man otherwise than thei wolde that other men didcn to hem ; and in Ihh poynt thei futle-Hllcn the ten commaiulcmentes of God : and thei 3lve no charge of aveer ne of rlcchcssc. Maundei'ilo't Travels, p. 299. AVEL. (1) The awn or beard of barley. East. (2) To tear away. Browne. AVELACE. Explained by Skinner, " the rings or gymcws of a bag;" but conjectured by him to be a mistake for aneiace, q. v. AVELONG. EUijitical ; ov.il. It is translated by olilonffiii, ill the Prompt. Pan', p. 17. Carr, in his Craven Glossary, conjectures it to be a corruption of o/ilrmi/, and a correspondent sug- gests to niu half-long ; but the form awelonge, in the iMiddlehill MS. of the Promplorium, seems to warrant Mr. Way's derivation from A.-S. Airoh. Major Moor says, " Workmen — reapers or mowers — a|)proacbing the side of a fichl not per])cndicutar or parallel to tlii:ir hue of work, will have an iincqual portion to AVE 116 AVE do — the excess or deficiency is called avellong work." AVELY. In the Eastern counties corn is said to be avehj, if, when dressed for market, a por- tion of the awns adhere to the grains. AVEN. Promise ; appearance. Salop. Perhaps connected with the old word avenant, q. v. AVENANT. (1) Agreement; condition. {A.-N.) Luf hir efter thine avenant, And sho sal be to the tenant. Ywaineand Gfitvin, 3765 They may make to here avenaunt. But over mesure ys nat cutnnaunt. MS. Harl. I7OI, f. 22. (2) Becoming ; graceful ; agreeable. See War- ton's Hist. Eng. Poet. ii. 229 ; Ywaine and Gawin,3885; Robson'sMet. Rom. p. 12. And I were to the avena/tt, I wald be thi servaunt. Sir Degrevaunt, Lincoln JUS, When she was fiften winter old, Inal that lend nas ther non y-hold So semly ou to se. For sclie was gentil and avenaunt, Hir name was cleped Belisaunt, As ye may lithe at rae. Jmis and .^mi7oK«, 427. (3) Accomplished ; able ; valiant. The sowdan, that left yn Tervagaunt, With hym he broght a fowl! geaunt Of Egypte ; he hette Guymerraunt, Greet as an ok ; No dosypPT nas so avenaunt To stonde hys strok.. Octovian, 923. AVENANTLI. Suitably; well; becomingly. Ther were in eche bataile of burnes two thousand, Armed at alle pointes and av f nan tli horsed. n'ill. and the Werwolf, p. 136. AVENAUNTLICHE. Beautifully. Toseche thoru that cit^ ther nas non sich, Of erbes, and of erberi, so avenauntliche i-diht. Pistill of Susan, st. 1. AVENGE. The feast of Advent. (A.-N.) See MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 215, where a wrong reading has apparently crept into the text, and I am not sure whether it should not be anence in the same sense as anent, q. v, AVENE. An ear of corn. This is the form of the word avm in the Prompt. Parv. p. 18. " Avenes eyies" is translated by the French arestez, in Walter de Bibblesworth, ReUq. Antiq. ii. 80. Eiles we have already had an example of in v. Ails, and it is translated by ari'sfa in MS. Lansd. 560, f. 45. (2) Eveuiug. Hi sul him and elde folow. Both avetie and eke a-morw. Reliq. Antiq. i. 194. AVENG. Took; received. {A.-S.) Vor the folc so thycke com, the wule he her loverd slou, Aboute him in ech alf, that among so mony fon He aveng dethes wounde, and wonder nas yt none. Rob. Glouc. p. 223. A-VENIMED. Envenomed. His armes alle a-venimed beth ; That venim is strong so the deth. Gi/ of ffarwike, p. 98. AVENOR. The person who fonuerly, in the household establishment of the king, and in that also of great barons, had the core of the provender for the horses. The following ac- count of his duties is given in the Book of Curtasye, p. 25, and it has been also quoted from the original manuscript by Mr. Stevenson. The aveyner schalle ordeyn provande good wODj For the lordj's horsJs everychon ; Thay schyn have two cast of hay, A pek of provande on a day ; Every horse schalle so muche have At racke and manger that standes with stave ; A maystur of horsys a squyer ther is, Aveyner and ferour undur hym i-v/ys. Those 5omen tliat oldesadels schyn have. That schyn be last for knyjt and knave. For yche a hors that ferroure schalle scho. An halpeny on day he takes hym to : Undur ben gromes and pages mony one. That ben at waj^e everychone ; Som at two pons on a day, And som at iij. ob. 1 jou say ; Mony of hem fotemen ther hen. That rennen by the brydels of ladys schene. AVENSONG. Evening. Fram afternone to avenaong^ So to knightes he was strong. Arthour and Merlin, p. 178. A\T:NT. Avaunt ! Avent, avent, my popagay. What, will yedonothyng but play? Ritson's .Indent Song.9, p. 101. AVENTAILE. The moveable front to a helmet, which covered the face, and through wliich the wearer respired the air, " qua ventus hauritur." The term is sometimes used for the whole front of the helmet. His helm he setteth on is heved. And fastnede the aventaiUe. MS. Ashmolc 33, f. 3, For, as hedrough a king by thaventaile, Unwareof this, Achilles through the maile And through the bodie gan him for to rive. Trvihis and Creseide, v. 1557. AVENTE. To open the aventaile for the pur- pose of breathing. See Le Bone Florence of Rome, 1941 ; Torrent of Port. p. 66. (A.-N.) Thai foughteri soo longe, that by assente Thai drewe them a litil bysyde, A litil while thayra to avente. And refreshed them at that tyde. MS. Douce 175, p. 30. AVENTERS. Chauce. (,^..A:) The bowmen, and eke the arblasters. Armed them all at aventers. Richard Coer de Lion, 2188. AVENTOUR. (1) To venture. Nil ich me nothing aoentour. To purchas a fole gret honour. Arthour and Merlin, p. 9. (2) An adventurer. Bokonham. AVENTRE. To throw a spear. {Ital.) Spenser uses the word, and Nares thought it was pecu- liar to that "writer. Thenne this one knyght aventryd a grete spere, and one of the x. knyghtes encountred with hym, but this woful knyght smote hym so hard that he felle over his hors taylle. Morted' Arthur, 1. 117. AVENTROUS. Adventurers. (.^.-iV.) As dooth an heraud of armes Whan aventrotts Cometh to justes. Piers Fioughman, p. 370 AVE 117 AVE AVENTURE. (1) Adventure; chance; fortune; See Morte d'Arthur, i. 289; Maundevile's Travels, pp. 185, 282. ^venture so hath turned his pas Ageynes the kyng his mas. Ki/tig Atiaaunder y 7837. (2) Perchance. Ac amntute, for the fyght, This victorie is the y-»tyghl. Ki/ng Al'uaunier, 392S. AVENTURLY. Boldly. Thissquler that hath brought this hede, Thfl kyng had wend he had the dede, And aventurlt/ gan lie gone. Turrenl of Portugal, p. 52. AVER. (1) A work-horse. North. " A false aver," a sluggish horse, a lazy beast. See Kennett's Glossary, p. 21. Alsua the sothe for to schewe. He lent thame averes to drawc. Sir Degrevante, 3IS. Lincoln, f. 130. (2) Peevish. Northumb. AVERAGE. A course of ploughing in rotation. North. Carr explains it " winter eatage," and others the stubble, in wliich senses it seems to be the same with averish, q. v. AVER-CAKE. An oat-cake. A fewe crutldes ami crcm, And an aver-cake. MS. Rawl. Poet. 137, f. 2S. AVER-CORN. A rcsened rent in corn paid to religious houses by their tenants or farmers. Kennett. According to Skinner, it means corn drawn to the grauaiy of the lord of the manor by the working cattle, or avers, of the tenants. AVERE. Riches; property. {A.-N.) The maistir of ther pedaile, that kirkes brak and brent, .^nd abbcis gan assaile, tnonkes slouh and schent. Was born in Pikardic, and his name Ueynere, In suilk fclonic gadred grete avcre. Peter Laugtfft, p. 124. AVERIL. April. North. When the nyhtegale singes, the wodes waxen grene, Lef ant gras ant blosme springes in .tveryt, y wcnc. iVrif^hC'* Lt/ric Poetry, p. <)2. AX'ERING. Kennett, MS. Lansd. 1033, says, " When a begging boy strips himself and goes naked into a town with a fals story of being cold, and stript, to move compassion and get better cloaths, this is call'd averiiuj, and to goc a mjerhitj." AVERISH. The stubble and grass left in corn fields after hanest. North. In tticse monthes after the cornne bee innedc, it Is mecte to putt draughte horsses and oxen into the ai'rfris/i, and so ionnge to continue there as the ineate sufflceth. which will ease tlie oilier pastures they went in before. .Irchtrologia, xill. .179. AVERLAND. Land ploughed by the tenants with their avers, for the use of a monastery, or for the lord of the soil. Quod autcm nunc vocatur aver,and, fuit terra nisticorum ejus. Citron. J. de Braketonda, p. 7^. AVEROUS. Avaricious. And also tills tyine c8 ogayni averous men, that Bchynes .and gifes na fruyte hot when it cs roten. MS. Ml. «(..«. 10, f. 3. AVEROYNE. Tlic herb southernwood, men- tioned several times under this name in the Liber Mcdicina; in the Library of Lincoln Ca- thedral, ff. 280, 287, 307, e.g. " Take averoyne, and braye it with hony and \'yneacre, and drynke it." See also i^chseologia, xxx. 350 ; Pistill of Susan, st. ix. AVEKPENNY. Money contributed towards the king's averages. See Nicolson and Burn's West and Cumb. ii. f)09 ; Chron. J. de Brake- londa, p. 75 ; Skinner, in v. AVERR.\Y. To aver ; to instruct. Tliou schail write that ysay, Mani man for to averray. Arthour and Mfrtin, p. 45. AVERRUNCATE. To avert ; to prevent. (Lat.) I wish myself a pseudo-prophet. But sure some mischief will come of it. Unless by providential wit. Or force, we ave>-i urtcate it. Hudibras, I. i. 758. AVERS.\TION. Aversion; great dislike to. See Taylor's Great Exemplar, p. 61, quoted by Boucher, in v. AVER-SILVER. A custom or rent so called, originating from the cattle, or avers, of the tenants of the soil. AVERST. At the first. Averst byeth the hestes ten, Thet ioki ssoUe alle men. MS. Arundel 57, f- 13. AVERTY. Mad; fiery. {A.-N.) The respons were redy that Philip did thaTl here. A knyght fuile averti/ gaf tliam this ansucre. Pt'tcr hangtofl, p. Oiji). AVERY. (1) The place where the provender for the king's horses is ke|it. Skinner. Boucher, in v. Aver, considers it to be the stable. It seems certainly to be derived from aver, and not from haver, oats, as Minsheu supposes. (2) Every. The W'l.i' tokene js that aiwy mcke man or womman ys not enliaunsydd, neyther have ony lykynge in preysynge. MS. Cantab. Ff. Ii. 38, f. 8. AVE-SCOT. A reckoning ; an account. Minsheu. AVESYLY. Adriscdly. Now and thow wuide wcle and avetyly beholde thi Lorde Jlresu, thow niay fynde that fro the crownc of the hevede to tlie sole of his fete, tllare was no hole spolte lefte one hyme. MS. Lineoln A. 1, 17, f. 183. AVET. Weight. And ys ai'et more bl six and thritti Iced punde, tliat beelh to hundred and sextcne wexpundc. Hrli^. Aiillq. i. ;o. A\Ti;TROL. A bastard. (A.-N.) He asked what was his medicine ; lletrand broth goile afine. What tlian, w.ts he an avctrolf Thou seist soht, site, be mi pol. Sevyn Sages, 1I07> AVEXED. Troubled; vexed. See Book of St. Alban's, sig. B. iv. ; Dial. Creat. Moiiil. p. 177. The curious coincitleiice between part of the following ])assagc,aiullhe well known hues in Macljcih, ii. 2, has not yet fomid a notice in the editions of Shakespeare. As thus 1 lay aresed full sore In suchc thynges, ns of right bythe agayne nature, 1 herde a voycc seyyng, srlepe thow no more I Todd't tlluslmlwiii, p. 397 AVI 118 AVO A\T:YSe. Careful; wary. {J.-N.) Alio the kyng and his melgn^. Gladdest weren and avei/si:. Kyy^g AlUaundc , 52fil. AVIEU. To view. (,^.-.V.) Palsgrave has, " I avewe, I take syght of a thing." Thenglysshmen sawe them well, and knewe well howe they were come thyder to avien them. Notes to Minof* Poems, p- 117. AVIIS. Opinion. (J.-N.) And seththen seyd hir avils Of God, that Loverd was and ever isse. Ses/nt Kateiitie, p. 179. AVILE. To despise. Tlie Heralds' College MS. reads, " aviled holy chirche, tliat by righte was free." And the Soimenday of the Passion amansede all the. That aoilede to holi chirche, that mid rijte was so fre. Rob, Clone, p. 495. AVINTAINE. SpeedUy. (J.-N.) Have ich eni so hard! on, That dorre to Hamtoun gon. To themperur of Alnaaine, And sai her coraeth, avintaine, Al prest an hondred knighte, That fore his love wilen fighte Bothe with spere and with launce. Beves of Hamtoun, p. 107. AMROUN. Around. [J.-N.) Alse a wente him to plaie Aboute her in this contrai. In this conrt(^ai'tj-(iun, A mette vfith a vile dragoun. Beves of Hamtoun, p. 08. AVIS. Advice. (^.-A'.) See Chaucer, Cant. T. 1870 ; Maundevile's Travels, p. 180 ; Langtoft, p. 32. The kyng at his aiya sent messengers thre. Lane^o/t's Chrvjiicie, p. 285. AVISAND. Observing. (A.-N.) The herbe she toke, well avisand The lefe, the sede, the stalke, the floure. And said it had agode savour. And was no common herb to find. And well approved of uncouth kind. diaucer's Dyeame, 18U2. AVISE. (1) To obsen-e ; to look at. (^.-A'.) Heo heom avysed among theo play, For he was nought of that contray. Kyng Misaunder, 221. (2) To consider; to advise with one's self; to inform; to teach, ".^cwf you well," i.e. con- sider well what you are about, is a frequent phrase in the old romances. In the sense of " to inform," it is used by Shakespeare, Merry Wives of Windsor, i. 4, where Mistress Quickly says to Simple, " Are you avis'd o' that ?" a prorincial mode of confirming any observation. See also the Towneley Mysteries, pp. 61, 170. " Aviseth you," Chaucer, Cant. T. 3185, look to yourselves, take care of your- selves. Cf. Const, of Mason, p. 38. Heoy(/«cdhym full wele. Fro the hedd downewarde every dele. MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 196. AVISe. Circumspect. (J.-N.) of werre and of bataile he was fuUe avise, Ther wisdom suld availe was non so trewe als he. hangtoft's Chronicle, p. 188. AVISEE. To look upon. Skinner. AVISELY. Advisedly. Aviaely, who so takyth hede therto. Lvdgate, MS. Atlmwle 39, f. 2«. AVISEMENT. Counsel; Adrice. (.^.-A":) Ten schippes wer dryven, thorgh ille avisement Thorgh a tempest ryven, the schipmen held tham schent. Langlofc's Chronicle, p. 148. AVISINESSE. DeUberation. (.^.-A'.) And Mary fuUe mekely listeneth alle. And gan mervayle with gret avisinesie. Lydgate, MS. Sue. Antiq. 134, f. 28. AVISION. A vision. (.^.-.V.) A litelor he weremordred on a day, Hismordrein hisai'moH he say. Chaucer, Cant- T. 15120. AVIST. A fishing. TJ'est. AVIVES. A disease in horses, thus described by Markham : The horse having dnmke much, or watered verie quickly after his heat and travaile, and upon it grow- ingcold, and not being walked, doth beget thenrit'ca, which doe but little differ from the disease called the king's-evill, because as well in beasts as in man, the king's-evili cornmeth of too much cooling of water, the throat having beene heated, whereupon the horse looseth his appetite to eat, and his rest likewise, and his eares become cold. Tfie Count He Favme, ed. 1616, p. 13:?, AVIZE. To see ; to sun'ey ; to observe. Then th'one herselfe low ducked in the flood, Abash't that her a straunger did avize. Tfte Faerie Quecne, II. xii. 66 AVOCATE. To call from. {Lat.) The time o*" Sir Walter Raleigh's execution was contrived to be on my Lord Mayor's day, that the pageants and fine shows might avorate and draw away the people from beholding the tragedie of the gallantest worthie that Englaiiil ever bred. Aubrey, MS. Ashmole. AVOERY. The right which the founder of a house of rehgion had of the advowson or pa- tronage thereof, similar to the right of presen- tation belonging to those who built, or en- dowed, parish churches. In some instances these patrons had the sole nomination of the abbot or prior, either by direct investiture, or deUven' of a pastoral statf ; or by immediate presentation to the thocesan ; or if a free elec- tion were left to the rehgious foundation, a licence for election was first to be obtained from the patron, and the election was to be confirmed by him. Kennett, quotedin Boucher. AVOID. To leave ; to quit ; to expel. Avoid ! i. e. get out of the way, a word used at the passing of any great personage through a crowd. See Cov. Myst. p. 131. In the fol- lowing passages it means the withdrawal of dishes from tlie table. See also Harrison's Description of England, p. 161. Aivnydcs tho horde into tho fiore, Tase away tho trestes that ben so store. BoAf? If Cttrfa^-ye, p. 33. All the servyseof brede, messes of kytchyn, wyne, ale, wax, wood, that is dispended bothe for the kings bourde, and for the hole mess'?, and other of the chaumbre, and as well the serv\se for the king for all night, as the greete avoyde-^ at feastes, and the daylydrinkingesbetwixtmelesin the kings chaumbre for straungers, and thereof to make trew recorde, and to bring it dayly to the countyng-bourde before noone. Liber Niger Domus Regis Edtv. IV. p. 37» AVO iiy AVO AVOIDANCE. Expulsion ; avoidance. See l'romi)t. Parr. pp. lU, 111 ; Wright's Monastic Letters, p. 101. From spyttyiige and snyftynge kepe the also. By prevy auoj/dant let hyt go. Coriatilutiorts of Manonty, p. 3C. AVOIDONS. In a general sense means, the va- cancy of a benefice by deatli or removal of the incumbent; but in Monast. Anglic, ii. 198, quoted in Stevenson's additions to lioucher, it signifies the profits during such a vacancy. AVOIR. Property. (./.-A'.) A burgcis was in Rome touD, A riche man of gret renoun ; Marchaunt he was of gret avoir. And had a wif was queint and fair. Sev.vii Sages, 2205. AVOIR-DE-PEISE. Articles of merchandise that are sold by weight. (A.-N.) Cowell says *' it signifieth such merchandise as are weighed by this weight, and not by Troy weight." Hail be je, marchans, with jur gret packes Of draperie, avoir-de-peisct and jur wol-sackes. lieUq. Antiq. ii. 175. AVOKE. To revoke; to call away to some other. See Rider, Richardson, and Boucher, in v. AVOKET. An advocate. {Lat.) Wickliffe. AVONGE. To take. See Afonge. So tliat atte laste, wat halt yt to telle longe ? The kyng bygan and yefolc Cristendom avonge. Rob. Glouc. p. 231. AVOORDIN. Affording. Somerset. AVORD. To afford, ff'etif. Becaze the bishop zcnt mun word, A could not meat and drink avurd. Peter Pindar, ed. 1794, i. 28G. AVORE. Before. TTest. My ancestor To-Pan beat the first kettle-drum, Avorc hun, here vrom Dover on the march. Tale of a Tub, i. 2. AVOREWARD. At first. And hii, wan hii were i-suore, other sixe tokc. Gode fourme among honi, of the land to loke, And of the descrites, so that avurftrunt The bissop hii chose of Bathe, Watir Giffard, And maister Nicole of Eli, bissop of Wurcetre. Hob. Clouc. p. 5(j7. AVORE YE. Before. Ich bidde the hit by my sseld, Aforejje the wyckcd vend. MS, Arundel 67, f. 2. AVORN. Before Iiim. West. AVOTE. On foot. Myd syx hnnilrcd kynjtes, and thre thousend mennfoff , Cadour, erl of Cornwayle, njen hyin he sende. Rob. Ulouc. p. 168. AVOUCH. Proof; testimony. Shakespeare has this and also avonchment in the same sense. AVOURE. Confession ; acknowledgment. He bad him stand t'abidc the bitter &toure Of his sore vcngeaunce, or to make nvouie Of the lewd words and deedes which he had done. The Faerie Qurene, VI. iil. 4«. AVOURY. An old law terra, nearly equivalent to justification. Nuron. Therforeaway with these ai-ownV*: let God alone be our ai'owri/e ; what have we do to runnc hcthcr or thethcr, btitonely to the Father of heaven ? Ldtimrr'a Snmong, cd. 1571, f. 04. AVOUTUER. An adulterer. (./.-.V.) Also an adullress, as in Prompt. Piirv. p. ly. For in this world nisdoggefor the bowe. That can an hurt dere trum an hole y-knowe, Bet than this sompnour knew a slie lerhour. Or an avou(rer, or a paramour. Chaucer,Caiit.T. 6954. AVOL'TRYE. Aduhcn-. See Chancer, Cant. T. G888, 9309; Reliq. Antiq. i. 29 ; Hartshorue's Met. Tales, p. 170; Apolog}' for the Lollards, p. 78. (^.-a;) And lie begotyn In avoutrye, Othir ellys barayn bastard born. MS. RauLPoet. 118. AVO"\V. (1) Avow; an oath. {A.-N.) He sayd, sirs, in jour cumpany Myne avow make !, Ruhmn's Romances, p. Gl . And to mendc my mlsse 1 make myn avowe. Will, and the Werwolf, p. 20 (2) To allow ; to pardon. Wold thou speke for mc to the kyng. He wolde avotv me my slyngyng. MS. Cantab. Ff. v. 48, f. 53. (3) The term avowed seems to be used in the sense of covered, in Orpheo, ed. Laiug, 325. See the quotation under Uonsour, The MS. Ashmole 61 reads amelyd in the same passage. AVOWE. (1) The patron to a benefice. Cowell says the Avowe is" he to whom the right of advowson of any church appertainetli, so that he may present thereunto in his own name." See Ritson's Robin Hood, i. 42. (2) An advocate. And hendely they bysechith the That thou beo heore avowi: ; Forgeve heom, sire, thy maltalcnt; They wol do thy comaundement. A'i»^,4/i>aunrf«r,3160. (3) Patronage. The Heralds' College MS. reads avoweiy, q. v. Vor thoru avowe of him, the sone bigan that strif. Rob. Gtouc, p. 477. AVOWERY. Patronage ; protection. (A.-X.) See Langtoft's Chronicle, pp. 180, 260. It also means cognizance, badge, distinction, as in tbc Archajologia, xvii. 290. Y telle ou fur sothc, for a! huere bohaunce Nc for the avowene uf the kyng of Frauncc. Tuenti score ant fy ve hadcn thcr meschaunce. Wright's J'ul. Sougs. p. 189. AVOWT. A countenance. (A.'N.) Perhaps a is here the article, but the compound is again foimd in the same form. He wercs his vesere with at-owt noble. Mvrte Arthure, MS. Linro/», f. 85. AVOWTER. Adultery. [Avowtere .^] Than tlic secound sehal be his wif bi resoun of at-owtcr, and hcfichal be cursid but if he tak to her as to his wif. Apolugufur the Lollards, p. 78. AVOY. (1) A cry used to call hounds out of cover. See Sir H. Dryden's Twici, p. 45. (2) Avoid ; luave ; quit. And In the dark forth she goeth Till she him toucheth, and he wrothe, And after her with his hand He emote : and thus when she him found I)i>casi-d, courteously she said,— Aioi/, my iord, I am a maid ; Ai'd if ye wist what I am. And out of what lineage 1 came, Vc would not be boiialvage. Cvwer, ap. Knight' » Shak. %\. 370. AWA 120 AWA AVKIL. April. North. AVRORS. Frozen. West. AVURN. Slovenly in dress. Beds. AVY. (1) Vow; oath. Thou hasemad thyof.v wyth xij. men for to fyjte. Of dl oure 5onder company the alre-beste knyjte. MS. A3hmole23. (2) A navy. [A neavy ?] Ane avy of shippes thaspyed tharae before. Which when thay melt, tha myght well ken Howe thay were Troyanes and banished men ; Autyoner was lodcsman, none wordier his place. And CorenJus graunde captayne of thole race ; There was great joye when eche other dyd boorde, Sone was accordement, and Brute chosen lorde. MS. Lansd. 508, f. 8. A.\^'EDE. Showed the way. {A.~N.) Sir Arthure and Gawayne avyede theme bothene. To sexty thosandez of mene that in theire syghte hovede. Mort-' Arthwe. MS. Lincobi, f. 92. AVYNET. In the middle ages a collection of fables from Avienus was called an Avynet, from ^^sop, an Esopet, &c. By the po feet is understande, As I have lerned in Avynet, Piers Ploughman, p. 243. AVYOWRE. See an instance of this form of the word in the Plumpton Correspondence, p. 192. A-VYSSETH. A-fishing. A-day as he wery was, and a suoddrynge hym nome, And ys men were y-wend avysseth, seyn Cutbert to hym com. Rob. Glouc. p. 264. AW. (1) I. Northxtmb. So we have awm, I am; mvsf, I shall ; awve, I have ; aw?' thar say, I dare say. (2) Yes. JVar^v. (3) Totally. Craven. (4) All. North. Listeneth nowto Merlins saw. And 1 woll tell to aw. What he wrat for men to come, Nother by greffe ne by plume. Warton, iii. 135. (5) To owe. See the quotations given in Ste- venson's additions to Boucher, and below in V. Awe. AWAHTE. Awoke. (^.-5.) See a quotation from an early MS. in the Cottonian Library, in Stevenson's additions to Boucher. AWAIT. (1) Watch; ambush. (A.-N.) The leon sit in his awaite alway To sle the innocent, if that he may. Chaucer, Cant. T. 7239, (2) To attend upon ; to watch. (A.-N.) And this sire Urre wold never goo from sire Launcelot, but he and sir Lavayn awaited evermore upon liym, and they were In all the eourte accounted for good knyghtes. Morte d* Arthur, ii. 387. Ther is ful many an eye and many an ere Awaiting ona. lord, and he not wher, Chaucer, Cant. T. 7634. Butkeepith wel youTtourn. how so befall. On Thorsday next, on which weatcat/te all. Hoccleve's Poems, p. 70. And so dely vered me the said book thenne, my lord therle of Oxenford awayting on his said grace. Ca-tton's Vegecius, sig S. v. AWAITER, An attendant. In the ordinances for the household of George Duke of Clarence, 1493, in *' the estate, rule, and governaunce of the seid prince in his ridinge, beinge de- parted from his standing housholde," mention is made of "xij. esquiers mtmifers^ and every of them j. persone." See the Ordinances and Regulations, 1 790, p. 98. AWAKID. Awake. Somerset. AW ALE. To descend. {A.-N.) The post ben grete andnoujtsmal. How myjte the rofe awate ? MS. Cantab. Dd.i. 17. AW ANTING. Deticient to ; wanting to. Nothing was awantingher that might conferre the least light or lustre to so faire and well-composed a temper. Two Lancashire Lovers, 1640, p. 2. AW APE, To confound ; to stupefy ; to astound. (A.-S.) See Kyng Alisaunder, 899, 3673 ; Troilus and Creseide, i. 316. Fram this contek that wereascaped. Sore adrad and awaped. Arthour and Merlin, p. 120. And he altone awas^id and aniate, Comfortles of eny creature. MS. Dighy, 23t). AWARANTYSE. Assuredly. It is so explained in a glossarj^ in the Archaeologia, xxx. 404. AWARD. To ward oflf; to bear off. Rider has, " To award a blow, ietum inhibere." AWARE. (1) To be aware of the approach of any one. And riding towards Nottingham, Some pastime for to spy ; There was he auare of a jolly beggar. As ere he beheld with his eye. Ritsoii's Robtn Hood, ii. 123. (2) An exclamation for making attendants in large estabUshments prepared for the approach of some one. Come, saies hee, thou shalt see Harry, onckle, the onely Harry in England : so he led him to the cham- ber of presence, and ever and anon cryesout^^ware, roome for me and my uncle ! Amiin's Nest of Ninnies, 1608. AWARIE. To ciu-se. (A.-S.) Thenne spac that holde wif, Crist CKoane hire lif! MS. DigbyH6,f. 167. Theves, yebeded, withouteu lesinge, Atvarid worth ye ichon. Cy of Warwike, p. 166, AWARN. To warn ; to forewarn. That all our friends that yet remaine alive, Maie be awani'd and save themselves by flight. The True Tragedie, 1595 AWARP. To bend ; to cast down. (A.-S.) FAdme awarpeth. That mi schuldrenscharpith, And 5outhe me hath let. Reliq. Antit/. ii.210. AW ARRANT. To warrant ; to confirm. Yf the Scriptures awarrant not of the mydwyfes reporte, The authour telleth his authour, then take it in sporle. Chester Plays, i. 4. AWART. Thrown on the back and unable to rise, spoken of cattle. North. A-WASSCHEN. W'ashed. Seththe [thei] a-wasschen, I wene. And wente to the sete. Warton's Hiat. Engl. Poet, i, 10. A- WATER. Outhewater, See Piers Ploughman, AWE 121 AWE pp. 342, 388. Here it seems to be a plirase implying disorder. But if he had broke his arme as wel as his legge, when he fell out of hoaven into Lemnos. either Apolln must have plaied the bone-setter, or every occupation beeni- layde a-water. Gossan's Schoole of Abuse, 1579. AWAY. (1) A way. Coverdale translates Jeremiah, xliii. 12, "And shall departe his awaye from thence in peace." — (f. 43.) (2) Past. " This week away.'* Beds. AWAY-GOING. Departure. See Baillie's Let- ters, i. 68, quoted in the new edition of Boucher. If I recollect rightly, the word occurs in a prose tract in the Thornton MS. AWAY-THE-MARE. A kind of proverbial ex- pression, apparently meaning, farewell to care. It occurs twice in Skelton, and other references are given in the notes, p. 162. The follow- ing example occurs in a poem attributed to Skelton. Away the mrire, quod Walis, I set not a whiliiifte By all their writing. Dortour Dotibble Ale. AWATSVAKD. Going away ; away. A-ni;t ashedn-oyirard Wiis, An angel to him cam. Joachim and Anne, p. 164. Faste atvaywarde wold thou ryde, He is so fowlea wyghte. MS. Lincoln, A. i. 1", f • 103. His cherefl«'p.'/tf arde fro me caste. And forth he passid at laste. Gowt-r, MS. Soc. Antiq. 1^4, f. ^9. AWAY-WITH. To endure. See Isaiah, i. 13; Greene's Works, i. 135 ; Webster's Works, ii. 112. He was verie wi^e, modest, and warie, being no- thing delicat in his fare, nor curious of hisapparell. He could awaie with all wethers, both hot and cold, and indure anie paincs. Holinshed, Omquest of Ireland, p. 30. AWBEL. " Awbel or ebelle tre," is translated in the Prompt. Pan', by cbonns, tnbunuis. Although scarcely agreeing with the Latin terms, it probably means the abele, or white jioplar, which is called ebbel in the eastern counties. AWBLAST. An arbalest. This form of the word occurs in MS. Bib. Reg. 17 C. xvii. f. 57. AWCTE. Possessed. Quanne that was sworn on his wise, The king dedc the maydcn arise, And theerl hire bltauctc, And a! the iond he evercatrcW. llavclok, 2((7. AWD. Old. Norf/t. My Maugh did say thishay'lbc nought, you'l see ; I find an au^dapenow, hcs an awd t-c ! Yorkshire l)ia!of;Ue, p. 55. AWDRYES-DAY. St, yEtheldrjtha's day. See Paston Letters, ii. 248, quoted in Hampson's Kalendarium, ii. 20. AWE. (1) Ought. Sec Towneley Mysteries, pp. 24, 55 ; Robson's Met. Romances, p. 26. I awe thurgheryghtcthe to lufeay» And to love the bathe nyghtc anddaye. MS. Lincoln, A. i. 17. f- inO. Sen we arc comen toCaUarie, Lot like man hclpc now an hyni aive. Karly Mytterxet, H'alpoh A/5. (2) To own; to possess ; to owe. See Ywaine and Ga\>-in, 720 ; Robson's Met. Romances, p. 27, for instances of this last meaning. Als I sat upon that lowe, I bigan Deneinark for to awe. Havelok, 129-2. (3) An ewe. Awe bletcth after lomb, Lhouth after calve cu ; Dulluc <^teiteth, bucke verteth, Muriesingcuccu. Ritaon' a Ancient Songs, i. U. (4) " For love ne for awe," Will, and the Wer- wolf, p. 195, a proverbial expression not un- common in the old English metrical ro- mances. See an instance in R. de Brunne, MS. Harl. 1701,f. 18. AWEARIED. Wearied ; tired. Hei're the nobles were of sundrie opinions : for some awearied with the note of bondage, would gladlie have had wanes: other, having regaid to their sons lieng in hostage with the enimies, would in no wise consent thereto. Holins/ivd, Hist, of Scotland, p. 90. AWTI-BAND. A check upon. The word occurs with this explanation in the Glossographia Anglicana Nova, cd. 1719, in v. but it seems to be properly a Scotch word. See Jamieson, in v. AWECCHE.' To awaken. O frcre ther wes among. Of here sicp hem shulde awecche. Wen hoeshulden thidere recche. lieliq. Antiq. ii. 278 AWEDE. To become mad; to lose the senses. {A.-S.) See Lybeaus Disconus, 395, 618, 957; Sir Tristrem, p. 297 ; Rob. Glouc. p. 162. And wept evere as it wolde awede for fere. IVill. and the Weruolf, p. 3. And told bothe squier and knight, That her quen atvede wold. Sir Orpheo, cd. Laing^ 49. AWEIGHTTE. Awoke. (J.-S.) Tiie kyng swoghened for that wounde. And hastilich hymself aweightte. And the launce out pleightte, And lepe on fote yiMh swerd of steel. And gan hym wereswithe wel. Kyng Alisaunder, 5858. AWELD. To govern; to rule. {A.^S.) Eld nul meld no murthcs of mai ; ArVhcn eld mc wol aweld, ml wele Is a-wat. Relig, Anttq. ii. 210. AWEN. Own. Nort/i. Our Henry, thyarrun chose knight. Borne to cnhcritc the region of Kraunce Dy trcwe disceiit and be title of right. Heliq. Aniiq. i. 228. Bol to the kynge 1 rede thou fare To wetc his awenne wille Sir Perceval, 320. AWENDEN. Thought. The Jewesout of Jursclcm awenden he were wode. Reliq. Antiq. I 144. AWENSWERABLE. Answerable. To use all pUasures in sucho mwilocrytic, as should be accord Inge to reason, and awenawerabl^ lo honestie. ArchaologUi, xxviii. 150. AWER. An hour. Lane. Wake on awyr for the love of mc, .\nd that to mc ys more picsnuncc Than yiT Ihu stni xij. kyngs free To my icpulkyr with gretl puyt&chauncc. For my dethc to take vcngcaimce. Mtitd, nun, and Understanding, p. ID. 8* AWH 122 AWL AWET. Know, Be mey horne we schall awet Yeff Roben Hodebe nerhande. Robin Hood, i.93. AWEYNYD. Weaned. Maiihode is y-com now, myne own dere sone. It is tyme thow be aweynyd of thyn old wone. Hiatury ofBeryn, 512, AWF. (1) An elf. North. Some silly doting brainelesse ealfe, That understands things by the halfe. Say that the fayiie left this au(fe. And tookeaway the other. Diat/t on* s Poems, p. 171- (2) An idiot ; a noodle. North. AWFRYKE. Africa. Lystenyth now, y schall yow telle. As y fynde in parchtment spelle. Of syr Harrowee, the gode baron, That lyeth in Awfrt/ke in pryson. MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38,f.217. AWFUL. (1) Obedient; under due awe of au- thority. We come within our atrful banks again, " And knit our powers to the arm of peace. 2 Henry ir. iv. 1. (2) Fearful ; fearing. Rider, AWGHT. Ought. The fyerthe es for he es uncertayne Whethyr hesallewende to joy or payne : Who so wyll of there fowre tike hede, Hym au-ght gretly the dede here to drede. Hampolt, MS. Buwes, p. 61. AWGHTEND. The eighth. Theatci'/j^-'jirf has this curssyng laght, Alsthei thst deles wyth wychcraft. And namely with halowyd ihynge, Als with howselleor cremyng. Hampole, MS. Bowes, p. 7- AWGRYM, Arithmetic. Than satte summe, as siphre doth in atvgn/m. That noteth a place, and no thing availith. Deposition of Richard II. p. 20. A-WHARF. Whirled round. And wyth quettynga-tt'/iar/, erhe woldelyjt. Syr Gatvaynet p. 82. A-WHEELS. On wheels. Var. dial. The term is used by Ben Jonson. AW^HERE.' Anywhere. See Skinner's observa- tions on this word in the fourth part of his Etymologicum, who says it means desiderium, and hence Coles explains it desire. 3yt' thou madest awhere any vowe To wurschvp God for thy prowe. MS.Harl 1701, f. 19. For yf my foot woldc nivher goo, Or that myn hod wolde ellis do. Whan that myn herte isihera^en, The remenaiiut isallein vayiie. Guwer, MS. Soc.Antiq. 134, f. 108. I knowe ynough of this matter, Pamphagus, not ihiVner awhere but riche. Acolastus, 154U. AWHEYNTE. To acquaint. Awheynte the noght withe ilke man that thou metest in thestrete. Howe (he gooHe Wif thought hir Daughter, p. 9. AWHILE. Awlulst. It is used as a verb in some counties in the expression, " I can't awhile'* i. e. I can't wait, I have no time. As a preposition it means, until, whilst. A-WHOLE. Whole ; entire. Somerset. A-WILLED. Warned. That had a-willed his wyll as wisdom him taughte. Deposition of Richard II. p. 21. AWING. Owing. And, madam, there is one duty awing unto me part wherof was taktn or my master deceased, whose Boul God have mercy, and most part taken to your- v*lfe since he died. Plutapton Correspondence, p. 41. AWINNE. To win ; to accompUsh a purpose. See Rehq. Antiq. ii. 243 ; Hartshorne's Met. Tales, p. 87 ; Su- Trislrem, p. 238. For al hire wrenche, and al here ginne. The more love sche ne might awinyte. Sevyn Sages, 1822. AWIRGUD. (1) Accursed. Verstegan. (2) Strangled ; throttled. A-WITE. To accuse. {A.-S.) Be not to hasty on brede for to bite. Of gredyues lest men the wolde a- u-i/e. Reliq.Antiq.'i. 157. AWITH. (1) Ought. And if the prest sacre Crist wan he blessith the sacrament of God in the auter, uwith he not to blessith the peple that drcdith nut to sacre Crist ? Apology for the Lollards, p. 30. (2) Away. This is Hearne's conjecture in a passage iu Peter Langtoft, p. 99. AWKERT. Perverse ; stubborn ; obstinate ; im- accountable. North. The adverb awkertly is also used. Jwkward occurs in a similar sense iu Shakespeare : Was I, for this, nigh wrackt upon the sea. And tvTice by awkward wind from England's bank Drove back again unto ray native clime ? 2 Henry VI, iii. 2. And undertook to travaile dangerous waies. Driven by aukward winds and biiisterous seas. Drayton's Poems. AWKWARDE. Backward. Shakespeare, Mar- lowe, and Drayton, have awkward iox adverse winds. See Palsgrave, f. 83. The emperour thane egerly at Arthure he strykes, Awkwarde on the umbrere, and egerly hym hittez. Morte Arthure, MS. Lincoln, f. 77* AWLATED. Disgusted. (A.-S.) Vor the king was somdel awlated, and to gret despit it nom. That fram so unclcne Ihinges eni mete him com. And het it do out of is court, and the wrecches ssame do. Rob. Glouc. p. 485. AWLDE. Old. Somerset. For he that knaweswele and kane se What hymSL-lf was. and es, and salle be, A wyser man he may he taulde, Whethyr he be jowng man or awlde. Than he that kanalle othyr thyng, And ofhymself hasnoknawyng. Hampole, MS. Bowes, p. 17- AWLE. All. In Songs of the London Prentices, p. 62, we read, " I'll pack up my awls and he- gone," apparently meaning all his property. Bishop Kennett gives the foUo-ning as aa "old Northern song over a dead corps." See also the Antiq. Repert. iv. 453. This ean night, this ean night. Every night and awle, Fire and fleet, and candlelight. And Christ receive thysawle. MS. Lansd. 1033, in v. Fleet, AWN 123 AWR A^^■LUNG. All along ; entirely owing to ; all along of. North. AWLUS. Always. Lane. AWM. A measure of Rhenish wine, containing fourtT gallons, mentioned in the statute 12 Car. il. c. 4. AW-MACKS., All sorts ; all kinds. North. A Yorkshire anecdote is told of a well-known piscatory judge from the south, wiio, taking an evening's walk on the banks of the Ouse, fell in with a boy who was angling, and asking him ■what kind of fish he was angling for, the lad replied, " Aw-macks." The word was a poser to his lordship, who afterwards mentioning the circumstance to some of his acquaintance, said he fancied before then that he knew the names of every kind of fresh-water fish in the coun- try, but that he had tried in vain to find any notice of airmacks. AWMBELYNGE. Ambling. Now Gye came faste rydynge Oa a mewle wele awttibclyyige. MS. Cantab. ¥{■ ii. 38, f. 1.13. AWMBRERE. An almoner. Prompt. Parv. AWMBYR. A liquid measure ; a kind of wine vessel. See Prompt. Pan-, p. 19; Ducange, in V. Ambra ; Qu. Rev. Iv. 377. AWME. (1) A suspicion. Thys tale was tuldeon thi- Thursday, That Ihey wolde redly comr .m the Fryday ; And iilso in that cete wa^ -.ayde the same. And theroff hadowre kyngcan awiitv. AfchiEtilogia, xxi. Cii. (2) To guess. Palsgrave, in his Table of Verbes, f. 156, has, " / awnie, I gesse by juste measure to bytte or touche a thyng, je csmc, prime conjuya, and^'e prem mon i'iurw, fai/ priii.s uton esnie, prendre motieume, conjugate injeprcn.Vj I take. I wyll airme to hytte yonder Inickc in the paunche, Je estneray, or je jirvudray nion esnie de f rapper ce dayn la, a la paneeS' See further observations on this word in v. Ame. And whenne lie is entred hJE covert, thei oughte to taryc tU thei aionie that he be entred twoskylful bowhhotc-s. MS. U« AWTS. Oats. Lane, AAVVER. Over. Somerset. AWVISH. (1) Queer; neither sick nor well. North. Qu. elfish. (2) Elfish. Lajtc. It is often apphed to a wag- gish fellow; but it is sometimes explained, " silly, clownish." The adjective awvishly, horriblv, supernal urallv, is also used. AWWHERE. Everywhere; all over. Now thynk me what payneis bodies suffir here, . Thorow maladies that greveth hem awwhere. Hampole, MS. f. 6. AWYDE. Owed. The Archebysschoppe of Cawnterbury, the Erie of Essex, the Lorde Barnesse, and suche other as auyde Kynge Edwardc good wylle, as welle in Londone as in othere places, made as many menne as thci myghte in strengthynge the seide Kynge Edwarde. fVarktcorth's Chronicle, p. 15. AWYN. Own. North. Last of all ihedyr gan aproche A worthy man, hyr aw^n ny cosyn. MS. Raul. poet. U8. AWYTIIEN. To curse ; to execrate. (J.-S.) They wolden awyrien that wight For his wel dedes. And so they chewen charit6. As chewen shaf houndes. Piers Ploughman, p. 490. AT\TS. Awes; makes afraid. By thys ensample that us awys, Y rode that we leve alle ouro foule sawys, MS.Harl. 1701, f. 11. AW3TE. Ought. And namely sythen hym owith to mynystre to alle the puple the precious bi>dy of Crist, au-^te to ab- stene hym fro al ydil pleying bothe of myraclys and ellis. Reli'j. Autiq. ii.48. AX. (1) To ask. A common archaism and pro- vinciaUsm, This word, though piu-e Saxon, is now generally considered a ^njlgarism. The form aj:se occurs iu the Howard Household Books, p. 361. To ax. in the North, is to ask or publish banns in a church, and when they have been read three times, the couple are said to be ajr'd oiif. (2) Mr. Stapleton conjectures ajt in the following passage to mean a mill-dam. See Blount's Law Dictionar)', in v. Hatches. Also ther is aoj tliat my master clameth the keep- ing of ; I pray you let them have and occupie the same unto the same tyme, and then we shall take a dereccion iu every thing. Plumpton Correspondence, p. 71. (3) " To hang up one's ax," an early proverbial expression, to desist from fruitless labour, to abandon an useless project. See Rob. Giouc AXW 125 AYE to p. 561, quoted in Stevenson's additions Boucher. (4) An axletree. Kent. AXEN. Ashes. West. {.4.-S.) Y not wharof beth men soprule: Of erthe and oxen, fclle and bone ? Wfinht'a I'ltl. Simgt, p. 203. AXEN-CAT. A cat that tumbles in the ashes. Devon. See the Exmoor Glossarj', in v. Axwaddle. AXES. The ague. North. Generally, in old writers, it is applied to fits or paro.xysms. In a fever drink, described in an early medical MS. in Lincoln Cathedral, f. 305, the herb horseshoe is to be taken, and apnfernosler said "hyfnre the ares." See Warkworth's Chronicle, p. 23 ; Prompt. Parv. p. 218 ; Skelton's Works, ii. 101 ; Quair of Jiinics I. p. 51 ; Troilus and Creseidc, i. 027, ii. 1315. AXEWADDLE. To wallow on the ground. Devon. An axewaddler, a term of re])roach in a similar sense, and also, a dealer in ashes. AXFETCH. A kind of pulse. Sometimes spelt ojcvelch and axwort. It is the same as horse- shoe. See Gerard, p. 1057. AXIL-NALIS. Nails or bolts to attach the axle- tree to the body of the cart. See an inventory dated 11C5 in the Kinchale Charters, ]). 299. Palsgrave has, " oJcUnayle, cheville d'aixcul." AXING. Request. {J.-S.) And they him 8w.arc Ills aiing fayrand wcl. Chaucer, Cam. T. 1828. AXIOMANC Y. Divination by hatchets. Cocfc/«/K. AXLE-TOOTII. A grinder. North. AX-PEDLAU. A dealer in ashes ; a person who hawks about woodashcs. West. AXSEED. iUfetch. Minnheu. AXSY. To ask. (A.-S.) Ho that wyll there ax«// Justus, To kcpL" bys armcs fro the rustus. In turncinent other fyght ; D.ir he never fortlier Ron, Ther he may fynde justes anoon, Wyth syr Launfal the knyj;ht. Launfa!, 102?. AXTREE. The a.xle-tree. See the Nomenclator, p. 267 i UeUq. Antiq. ii. 78, 83. And of the aitrv bitwene the polls Iweyne. LudgdU, MS. Soc. Antiq. I.1-I, f. i.'5. Thunder and earthquakes raKin6> ^ud the rocks Tumblin^^ down from their scyts, like mighty blocks Rowl'd I'roin huge mountains, such a noise they make. As though In sunder hcav'ns huge axtren brake. Draijton'ji Piteni/i, p. 219. AXUNGEK. Soft fat ; grease, (ia/.) The powder of earth-wormes, and ajtwfrei', addeth further, g«*ounswell, and the teniler toppe* of the boxe-tree, with nlibanum ; all these, being made up and tempered together to make an empUster, he counsi'llelh tobccapplycd toftlnnewes that are laycd open. Tvps^tl'a Hiitort/ nf Serpent/t, \>,3l]. AXWEDNESDAI. Ashwcdncsday. So ttmt an Aswcdnestiai, al bl the Weitc vntW, ToGloucctre he wend t*, mid grcl \iovt i-nou. Rob. Clotic. it.5Ai. AXWORT. Axfctch. Minshcu. AY. (1) Anepf?. The rt.v is round, and signcfioth He schal have the sourinnuncie. This 13 round the myddellerd, Botheof lewcdandof lerid. Kj/ng AUs^under, 50* (2) Ah ! Ji/ ! be-sherewe yow be my fay. This wanton elarkes benysc all way. Ritson's A'icicnt Sujigf, p. 101. (3) Always; ever. In the North of England, it is sometimes employed as an expression of snr- prisc or wonder. (4) Yes. Pronounced i, as, indeed, it is spelt in most old books. AYANCE. Against. At pointe terrible ni/«nre the miscreants on nyght, An hevynly mystery was schewyd hym, old booliys reherse. Percy's Reliques, p. 73. AYAYNE. Again. Att Cressp he foufjhteai/rtj/ne, The kynge of Berne there was slayne. Rob. Glouc. p. 592, AYDER. Either. \V han ayder ost pan other asaylc, Ther beRan a strong batayle. Octovimnt 1507. Sche ihowth lost, be the rode. That dydde tlie boye eney gode, Ayder met or dreynke. Frercand the Boy, st. iii. AYE. (1) Against. See the Heralds' College MS. of Hob. Glouc. quoted in Hearne's ed. p. 407 ; and Stevenson's additions to Boucher, in v. (2) Fear; trouble. {A.-S.) Thimen erbiseged hard in Dunbar with greteaj/'-. Langtoft's Oironictet p. 275. AYED. Aid. The murren rot is on their lot, Tlu-yr heith is sore decayed ; Norcniedie, thy must neadsdle, Oiiles God be tlieyr aped, Lambeth Early BookSj p. 270. AYEL. A forefather. (J.-N.) And whim the renoune of his excellence. By lotifj proccssc, and of liis prcat encrease, Came by the report unto the audience Of his ayel, the great Astiages. Bochas, b. U. c. 22. AYENBIER. Redeemer. Knelyng and pralenge after thy Lorde thy maker, thyn ayenbier, thy love and thy lovyer. MS. liodt. 4l*3, f. 182. AYENBYTE. Remorse. This boe is Dan Michclis of Northgate, ywrltean Englis of his o;enc hand, thct haite Ayeulyte of Inwyt, and is of the boehouse of Sayni Austines of Caiiterbiri, MS. AiundelbT, f 2 AVENE. Again. He cjimmc ayene yet the next wek, And toke awcy both hennc and chek. Rclisel with a flat botmc ; and In ij. galoncs of that lye, put lilj. li of talowh, wliat talowli cvem it be. and evcrc as it scthith. put llierto more of lye Into the tymc that o galonebe put yn bi tymes, nnd loke it be w«.-l y-sterid among, :in:l tak up thcrof alwcy to it be swlch as thou wilt have, and contynuc the (Ire wcl, ami tliou ichalt not failo. MS. Shant; 73, f. 21 ». AYSE. (1) Ease. {A,'N.) So that sche was the worse at ai/ggf Forsche hath thanne nosi-rvlse. Golfer, US Soc. Antiq. 134, f. S38. Thus may a traytour barec rayse. And make manye men ful eveleatayje. Heliq.Antiq.\i.i\. Thanne was Engelond ath ayae ; Michel was suich a king to prey^e. That held so Englond in grilh ! Havelok, 59. (2) To make at ease. {A.-N.) I made it not for to be praysed. Bot at the lewed mcne were ay^ed, Warton'a Ilist.EngL Poet. i. 68 AYSELLE. Vinegar. " Jysell, other alegar," is mentioned in a recipe in the Forme of Cnry, p. 56. See I'rompt. Parv. p. 143 ; MS. Lin- coln. Med. f. 2'J4 J Towneley Mysteries, p. 260. A fulle bittire drynke that was wroghte. Of ayselle and galle that the lykede noghte. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 190. Jyssel and galle raysed on a rede. Within aspounge thai gun hyde. MS. Uibl. Coll. Siort. xviii. 6. AYSHWEED. A kind of lierh mentioned by Minsheii, who appears to say it is the same as the gout-wort. AYTHIR. Either. Als clere goldehirbrydille it schone, Oneay(ftirsydehange bellys three. yvi, t. 50. AY-WHERE. Everywhere. See Sir TrisH-em, pp. 236, 218, 284 : Hardyng's Chronicle, f. 159 ; Peter Langtoft, ]). 78. Jijwhore is glossed by evermore in MS. Ilorl. 1701, f. 43, w hich seems to be its moaning in the Towneley Mysteries, p. 115, and in our second example. In the following passage, the Cambridge MS. l"f. ii. 38, reads " every wliare." He sent abowte every ny-trhern. That aile his mene solde make thame jare Agaynes the eric lo fyghlc. Erlcof Toloun, MS. Lincoln, f. 115 And gadred pens unto store. As okerers done a.v«'/i*'f-c. MS. Harl. 1701, f. 37. A-ZET. Set ; planted. Dorset. AZOCK. The mercury of metal, an alchemical term. It is useaofte,1609,p.3. For in this age of crittickes are such store. That of a B. will make a battledore. Tanlor's Motto, 1622, sig A. iii. BAB 129 BAB UA. (1) To kiss. See Chaucer, Cant. T., 6015. Also a substantive, as in Skelton, i. 22. (2) Both. (.-l.-S.) '3) A ball. Perct/. BAAD. (1) Continued. Yoris/t. (2) To bathe. Craven. (3) A woman of bad character. Cuvib. BAAKE. To bake. Palsgrave. BAAL. A ball. To this house I have devised how you maie so secretly conveigh me, ttiat you maie there keepe me at your pleasure to your owne use, and to my greate contentation, where I maie at pleasure enjoye hym, more dcarely beloved unto me then the baaUa of myne owne eyes. Riche's Varewtlt, 1581. B.-VA-LAXIB. A lambkin ; a pet term for a lamb. Var. dial. BAAL-HILLS. Hillocks on the moors, where fires are fancied to have once been in honour of Baal. Craven. BAAN-CART. The body. Craven. The form baan, bone, occurs in several compounds in the Northern dialect. BAANT. Am not ; are not. Var. dial. BAAR. To bear. Maundevile. B.VXRJ). A sort of sea-vessel, or transport ship. Phillips. BA-.\RGE. Generally used in Devonshire to signify a fat heavy person. See the Exinoor Scolding, p. 9. BAAS. Base. In the Papers of the Shak. Soc. i. 50, " haas daunces" are mentioned. These were dances very slow in their movements. See also Nuga; Poeticas, p. 2. BA^VSTE. (1) To sew. Pabijrave. (2) Bastardy. Prompt. Parv. BAiVTH. Both. North. BAB. (1) To bob down. North. (2) A baby ; a child. Var. dial. (3) To fish in a simple and inarlilicial manner, by throwing into the water a b.tit on a line, with a small piece of lead to sink it. Eels and crabs are sometimes caught in this way. We ^la^'c all read of the giant who " sat upon a rock, and liobbed for w hale." This is merely another form of the word. BABBART. The " evele i-met, the babbart," are among the very curious names of the hare in the Rcliq. Anti(|., i. 133. BABBLE. (1) llomuls are said to iflWfc, "if too busie after they have found good scent." fient. Rcc. p. 78. (2) To talk noisily, far. dial. (3) All idl(^ tale. ' Koirln/. BABBLEMENT. Silly discourse. North. BAliliLlNG. A noisy discourse. "Babbliiigor much speaking." Becon's Early Works, j). llj'j. BABBY. (1) A baby. Var. dial. (2) A sheet or small book of prints for chil- dren. North. BABBV-BOODIES. Same as boodies, q. v. BABE. A child's niaumet. Gonldman. See Baby. This may also be the meaning of the word in a diflicult jiiissage in Cymbeline, ill. 3, where Hanincr and the chief modern editors read bribe. Palsgrave has, "Babe that chyl- dren play with, pouppee." BABELAKY. A foohsli tale. More. BABELAVANTE. A babbler. sir Cayphas, harcken nowe to me; This bat/elavante or kinge woulde be. Chenter Playt, ii. 34. BABELY'N. To totter; to waver. Prompt. Parv. BABERLUPPED. Thick-hpped. Piers Ploughm. BABERY. Childish finery. fVebster. Stowe has babblerie in the same sense. See Strutt's Dress and Habits, ii. 201. B.\BEURY. An architectural omameni. Chaucer mentions a castle being ornamented with many subtill corapassings ; As baOeuries and pinnacles, Imageries and tatjernacles. Hottse ofFamtt iii. 99. Urry reads barbicatus, but see Stevenson's ad- ditions to Boucher, in v. The latter writer wishes to connect this word with babewyiis, an ancient term for grotesque figures executed in silver work. BABEWYNE. A baboon. Maundevile. BABIES-HEADS. A kind of toy for children. See the Book of Rates, 1075, p! 24. BABIES-IN-THE-EYES. The miniature re- flection of himself which a person sees in the impil of another's eye on looking closely into it, was sportively called a little baby, and our old poets make it an employment of lovers to look for them in each others eyes. Sec Rich's Honestie of this Age, p. 49 ; Brand's Pop, Antiq., iii. 25 ; Nares, in v. When 1 luok Inhies in thine ej/es. Here Venus, there Adonis lies. Handolph'n Poem*, p. 124. She clung about his neck, gave him ten kisses, Toy'ii with his locks, look'd bnhies in hia ei/es. linyu'ooii's L*>vt;'n Mittresa, p 8. BABION. A baboon. See Ben Jonson, ii. 240 ; Skelton's Works, i. 124 ; Drayton's Poems, p. 247. BABL.VCK. A name given to two free-scliools at Coventry and Warwick. See Cooke's Guide to Wanvick Castle, 1841, p. 93. The term is derived from a piece of laml at Covcutry formerly so called, and on which the bablack school there is now situated. The boys are clothed in yellow and blue, and jierhaps the bablack school at Warwick is so called because a simil.ir uuiforni has been adopted. It also ajijiears from Sliiirji's Cov. Myst., pp. 146, 179, 187, that llieie was formerly a monastic institution at Coventry of the same name, and most likelv on the same spot. BABLATIVE. Talkative. In conmiunilie of life he was vcryo Jocund ; neither to hubtativa withe tlattery, nor to whust with morositie. Philulimua, 1583. BABLATKICE. A basilisk? O you cockatrices, ntul >ou bublatricfs, Th.it in the wooils dwell. iMiinr, p. !6. BABLE. A bauble. The glass or metal orna- ments of dress arc sometimes calleil bablis. See Strutt's Dress and Habits, ii. 153; Thorns' Anecdotes and Traditions, p. 19 ; I'lorio, ia ■•. i BAG 130 BAG Bubole, Coccoh. Miege explains it, " to talk tonfusedly," but that would more ja-operly be spelt babel. In Skelton we have babyh, baubles. BABS. Children's pictures. North. BABULLE. A bauble. An old proverb in MS. Douce 52, says, " A fole scholde never have a labulle in liande." Lyke a fole and a fole to bee, Thy babulle schalle be thy dygnytd. MS. CuNlab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 24). BABY. According to Minsheu, a " puppet for children." The word constantly occurs as a child's plaything, a toy, and is still in use in the North for a picture, especially such as would amuse children. So in the French Scboole-Maister, 1631, f. 98, " Shall we buy a bailie or two for our chiltlren for pastime .'" See also the Book of Rates, p. 24 ; Malone's Shakespeare, xiii. 108 ; Cleaveland's Poems, p. 64 ; Brit. Bihl., ii. 399 ; Du Bartas, p. 3 ; Florio, in v. Biitnbola, Bdmba, Cttcca, Dondola, Pipiita ; Cotgrave, in v. Poupette; Buret's Alvearie, B. 7, 8. A Bartlemy Fair doll is often mentioned as a Bartholomew babij. Compare the Captain, i. 3, — " and now you cry for't. As children do for babies^ back again." Beaumont and Fletcher, erf. Dyce, iii. 235, Where the editor asks whether the author did not write babies, another word altogether, — What gates these babies and babies all ? King atid a Poore Northerne Man, 1640. For bells and babt/es, such as children small Are ever us'd to solace them withal). Drayton's Poems, p. 243. BABY-CLOUTS. A puppet made of rags. Cotgrave translates mitguet, " a curiously dressed babie of clowts." And drawing nearc the bed to put her daughters armes, and higher part of her body too, within sheets, perceiving it not to be her daughter, but a baby-clouts only to delude her. Two Lancashire lyjvers, 1G40, p. 113. BABYSHED. Deceived with fooUsh and child- ish tales. See the Towneley Mysteries, p. 78. BACCARE. An exclamation signif)'ing " go back," and supposed to be a corruption of bad there. It occurs in Shakespeare, Lilly, Heywood, and other contemporary \mters. From apassage in the Golden Aphroditis, 1577, " both trurape and drumme sounded nothing for their larum but Baccare, Baccare," it would seem to have been taken from some old tune. BACCHAR. The herb ladies' glove. A full description of it is given in Holmes's Academy of Armory, p. 88. BACCHES. Bitches. The bacchee that hym scholde knowe. For sone mosten heo blowe pris. App. to Walter Mflpes, p. .345. B.\CCHUS-FEAST. A rural festival ; an ale. See Stub's Anatomic of Abuses, ed. 1595, p. 110; Dee's Diary, p. 34. BACE. (1) The game of prisoners' base, more generally written base, q. v. Cotgrave has. " Barres, the martial! sport called Barriers also the play at bace, or prison-bars." (2) A kind of fish, mentioned in Prompt. Parv., p. 20, supposed by Mr. Way to be the basse, or sea-perch. Cf. Baret's Alvearie, B. 198; Florio, in v. Baicolo ; Palsgrave, Subst. f. 18. (3) To beat. Deion. (4) The pedestal of an image. An old archi- tectm-al term. See Wdlis, p. 76. BACE-CHAMBYR. A room on the lower floor. Prompt. Parv. BACHELER. A knight. Chaucer. BACIIELERIE. Knighthood. Also explained by Tyrwhitt, the knights. It sometimes means a company of young bachelors, and occasion- allv, bachelorship. Cf. Chaucer, Cant. T., 8146, 17074; Rob. Clone, pp. 76, 183. BACHELOR'S-BUTTONS. The campionflower. According to Grey, Notes on Shakespeare, i. 107, there was an ancient custom amongst country fellows of carrying the flowers of this plant in their pockets, to know whether they should succeed with their sweethearts, and they judged of their good or bad success by their growing or not growing there. " To wear bachelor's buttons" seems to have been a jilirase for being unmarried. In some parts of the country, the flower-heads of the com- mon biu-dock, as well as the wild scabious, are also called by this name. BACINE. A bason. That on was rede so the fer. The eighen so a bacine cler. Arthour and Merlin, p. 57. BACK. (1) Arere-mouse; a bat. SeeLydgate's Minor Poems, p. 152; Tundale, p. 41; Prompt. Pan-., p. 21. (2 j Kennett says, " along the Severn they think it a sure prognostick of fair weather, if the wind back to the sun, i. e. opposes the sim's course." MS. Lansd. 1033. (3) In some counties, when a person is angry they say his back's vp. Kennett has, " ba.nip, angry, provoked. Ojfordsh." (4) In mining, the back of a lode is the part of it nearest the surface ; and the back of a level is that part of the lode extending above it to within a short distance of the level above. Watson. BACK-ALONG. Backward. Somo-sef. BACK-AND-EDGE. Completely ; entirely. See a play, quoted by Nares, in v. In Yorkshire obtains the opposite plirase, " I can make back ner edge of him ;" I can make nothing of liim. BACKAUDS-\VAY'. Backwards. Yorksh. BACKAS. The back-house, or wash-house, or more generally bakehouse. Var. dial. Spelt backhotrse in the Ordinances and Regulations, p. 4, where it is probably used in the first sense. BACKBAND. An iron chain passing in a groove of the cart -saddle to support the shafts. North. BACKB.^R. The bar in a chimney by which any vessel is suspended over the fire. Vat. dial. BAG 131 BAD BACKBERAND. The bearing of any stolen goods, especially deer, on the back, or open indisputable theft. An old law term. BACK-BOARD. A large board on which the dough is rolled out previously to making it into loaves. North. B.\CK-BREAK. To break the back. Florio. BACKBRON. A large log of wood put on at the back of a fire. Dorset. BACKBY. Behind ; a little -way off. North. BACK-CAST. The failure in an ettort ; a re- lapse into trouble. North. BACK-CAUTER. Cotgrave has, "Caut ere dorsal, the backe-cauter, somewhat like a knife, or having a back Uke a knife, and searing onely on the other side." BACKEN. To retard. Var. dial. BACK-END. Autumn. Yorksh. It is applied as well to the latter end of the month, week, &c. BACKENING. Relapse; hindrance. Yorksh. BACKER. Further back. West. We have also iacX-er/y, late, applied to crops; baekerts. back- wards ; l/ackerter, more backwards. Chaucer hasbackirmore, La Belle Darae sans Mercy, 85. B.ACK-FRIEND. (1) A secret enemy. See Comedy of Errors, iv. 2 ; Hall, Henry VII., f. 1 ; Florio, in v. /nimico, Nemico. (2) Ahauguail. North. BACKING. Nailing the back on a chair suitable to the seat. Holme. BACK-O'-BEYOND. Of an unknown distance. North. BACK-OUT. A back-yard. Kent. BACK-PIECE. This term explains itself. It is the piece of armour that covers the back. See Hall, Hen. IV., f. 12. BACKRAG. A kind of wine, made at Bacharach in Germany, occasionally mentioned by oiu- old dramatists. Nares. See also Hudibras, III. iii. 300. B.\CKS. The principal rafters of a roof. A term in carpentry. B.\CKSET. To make a backset, to make a stand to receive a chased deer, and to cast fresh hounds upon him at the latter end of the coiu-se. Holme. BACKSEVOKE. The hind part before. Devon. BACKSIDE. The barton, or any premises at the back of a house. Var. dial. No innkeeper, alehouse keeper, victualler, or tip- pler, shall admit or sufler any person or persons in tiis house or backside to eat, drinlt, or play at cards. CrittdaVit Hemainx, p. 138. BACKST.\F1'". An instrument formerly used for taking tlie sun's altitude at sea; being so called ln'cause tlie back of the observer is turned towards the sun when be makes the observation. It was said to have been invented by ca)ilain John Davis about the year 1590, and it is descriljed by him in liis " Seaman's Secrets." BACKSTAND. Resistance. Lytic avayieth outward warre, except tiiere be a lure Btnye and a sledfast barkittaude at iiome, as wel for tile save^arde and sccurite, as for tlie good governaUQCc of ^uci» at be left beliinde. Hall, Henry VII. f. 3. BACKSTER. A baker. North. BACKSTERS. Wide flat pieces of board, which are strapped on the feet, and used to walk over loose beach on the sea coast. South. BACK-STOCK. A log of wood. Ilollyband. BACKSTON'E. A peculiar kind of stone to bake bread, but more particularly oat-cakes upon. The larger, or double ones, as they are usually called, are about 28 to 30 inches by 16 to 20, and the smaller ones vary in size, 16 or 18 inches square. Meriton gives the Yorkshire proverb, " As nimble as a cat on ahaite back- stane." — Y'orksbire Ale, ed. 1697, p. 84. BACKSTRIKING. A mode of ploughing, in which the earth having been previously turned, is turned back again. Suffolk. BACKSUNDED. Shady. Dorset. BACK-SWANKED. Lean in the flank, a term applied to a horse. Miege. BACKSMORD. The game of single-stick. Wilts. A backsword, properly speaking, is a sword with one sharp edge. BACKWARD. (1) The state of things past. Shak. (2) A Jakes. Var. dial. BACKWATER. Water not wanted for turning the wheel of a water corn-mill, what is super- abundant, and generally flows down a channel cut for the purpose. Also, a current of water from the iidand, which clears oft' the deposit of sand and silt left by the action of the sea. BACKWORD. An answer to put olf an engage- ment. North. BACK-WORM. A disease in hawks, the worm itself generally being in the thin skin about the reins. It is the same as the Slander. See Blome's Gent. Rec. ii. 51. BACKWORT. A herb mentioned by Florio, in v. Consolida maggivre. It ai)pears from Gerard to be the same as the comfrey. BACON. A clown. Shak. BACTILE. A candlestick. (Lat.) BACUN. Baked. BACYN. A light kind of helmet, mentioned in Richard Coer de Lion, 2557; basyn, Kyng Alisauuder, 2333. This is another form oi the word bassinet, q. v. BAD. (1; Sick; ill. Var. dial. Sometimes we bear rtght bad, or right on bad. (2) A rural game, played with a bad-stick, for- merly common in Yorkshire. It iirobnbly re- sembled the game of eat. Sec Kcnnett's Glossary, MS. Lansd. 1033. (3) Poor. Var. dial. (4) Entreated; asked; prayed. To Jhesu Crist lie bud a boone, Fayre klielyng on liys knee. MS. Oiiilah. Ff. li. SI. f. ilt (5) Offered ; invited. Sec Sir Eglamour, 929, 1080, Thornton Romances, pp. 159, 166. (6) To take the husks off walnuts. West. m Bold. Cov. Myst. (8) A bad person or thing. Sec iarfrfs in Wanier's Albions England, ed. 1592, p. 58. BADAVLE. lialllc. of swerde of iilate and cek of mayic. As tiiouje lie schutde to batttii/lf. Omier, MS. Soc. Anliq. 134, f. 14C. BAF 132 BAG BADDE. Ellis suggests either the usual mean- iag, or the perfect tense of the verb abide. In Reliq. Antiq., ii. 101, it means delay. A staf in his hond he hadde. And schon on his fet badde. Arthnur and Merlin, p. 73. BADDELICHE. Badly. Hod. Glouc. BADDER. Comp. ofbad. North. See Chaucer, Cant. T., 10538, and Nares, in v. BADDING. ShelUng walnuts. Went. BADE, (l; Uelav. Cf. Sir Perceval, 41, 111, 484,666, l.-).'33,'l760, 2128, 2129; and the e.tample under Akuithe. (2) Abode; remained. See Minot's Poems, p. 20; Sir Tristrcm, p. 148 ; Perceval, 569, 612, 892. (3) Prayed. Hob. Glouc. Cf. Ellis's Met. Rom., iu. "2 ; Chaucer, Cant. T., 7449. (4) Commanded. Chaucer. (5) A pledge ; a surety. {A.-S.) This at least seems to be the meaning of the word in Perceval, 1029, 1305. (6) To bathe. IVarw. (7) In Mr. Robson's Romances, p. 58, the word occurs in a peculiar sense ; " alle of fellus tli.at he bade," skins of animals that he caused to remain, i. e., killed. BADELYNGE. Paddling, as of ducks. Skinner gives tills word on the authority of Juliana Barnes. It means a flock or company of ducks. BADGER. (1) Apedlar; acorn-factor. Some- times, a person who purchases eggs, butter, &c. at the farm-houses, to sell again at market. (2) To beat down in a bargain. Var. dial. BADGER-THE-BEAR. A rough game, some- times seen in the conntrj-. The boy who per- sonates the bear performs his part upon his hands and knees, and is prevented from getting away by a string. It is the part of another boy, his keeper, to defend him from the at- tacks of the others. BADGET. A badger. East. Badget is also a common name for a cart-horse. BADLING. A worthless person. North. BADLY. Sick; ill. North. BADS. The husks of wahiuts. West. BAEL. Bale; sorrow. BAELYS. Rods. With brcnnyng haelys thei hem dong. And wilh hem droffe to pcynis strong. Titndale, p. ]G. BAESSYS. See Base. BAFFERS. Barkers; yellers. Hoiindes for the hauk betli filters and grete l.,iffers. MS. Budl. 5J6. BAFFLE. (1) To treat with indignity ; to use contemptuously. Properly speaking, to baffle or bafftd a person was to reverse a picture of him in an ignominious manner ; but the term is used more generally. See Middleton's Works, ii. 449; BenJonson.v. 127; Dodsley's Old Plays, vi. 18. In the Muse's Looking- glass, i. 4, it signifies to beat, in which sense it also occurs in Moor's Sufi'olk Words, p. 13. (2) To cheat, or make a fool of; to manage capriciously or wantonly ; to twist irregulaiiy together. East. Corn, knocked about by the wind, is said in Sutiolk to be baffled. BAFFLING. Affront; insult. See Middleton's Works, iv. 44 ; Beaumont and Fletcher, i. 142; Malone's Shakespeare, xvi. 16. BAFFYN. To bark. Prompt. Parv. BAFT. Abaft. Chaucer. BAFTYS. Afterwards ? Cov. Myst. BAG. (1) The udder of a cow. Var, dial. (2) To cut peas with an instrument resembling the common reaping-hook, but with a handle sufficiently long to admit both hands. IVest. In Oxfordshire the term is applied to cutting wheat stubble, which is generally done with an old scvihe. They cannot mowe it with a sythe, but they eutt it with such a hooke as they doe hagge pease with. Aubrey's Irilts, MS, liiii/al Si/c, p. 123. (3) MTien a servant is dismissed, he is said to have got the bag. In some (iarts, to give a person the bag is to deceive him. A person's bog and baggage is ever\-thing he has got. (4) The stomach. Hence eating is bagging, or filling the stomach, to put into a bag. Cf. Cotgrave, in v. Emplir ; Harrison's Descrip- tion of England, p. 233. An animal with young is said to be bagged. See Perceval, 717; Nares, in v. Bag ; Florio, in v. Rimpregnfuole ; Tusser's Husbandry, p. 104. Nares explains it, to breed, to become pregnant. (5) To move ; to shake ; to jog. See the Kara Mathematica, p. 64. BAGAMEXT. Worthless stuff; nonsense. Line. BAGATINE. An Italian coin, worth about the third part of a farthing, alluded to in Ben Jonson, iii. 219. BAGAVEL. A tribute granted to the citizens of Exeter by a charter from Edward I., em- powering them to levy a duty upon all wares brought to that city for the purpose of sale, the produce of which was to be employed in paving the streets, repairing the walls, and the general maintenance of the town. Jacobs. BAGE. A badge. Prompt. Parv. BAGEARD. A badger. More. BAGELLE. Rings ; jewels. So explained in Hearne's Glossan' to Peter Langtoft, p. 282. BAG-FOX. A fox that has been unearthed, and kept a time for sport. Blome. BAGGABONE. A vagabond. Beds. BAGGAGED. Mad; bewitched. Exmoor. BAGGAGELY. Worthless. Tusser, BAGGE. (1) A badge. Prompt. Parv. He beris of golde a semely sighte, His hagges are sabylle ylkane. MS, Lincoln A. i. 17, f- HI. (2) To swell with anogance. Chaucer, Tyrwhitt says " rather, perhaps, to squint." BAG'GERMENT. Rubbish. Line, BAGGIE. The belly. Northvmb. BAGGIN. Food. 'Cumb. BAGGING. The act of cutting up wheat stubble for the purpose of thatching or burning. Oxon. Also, becoming pregnant. See Florio, in v. Lmpregniiggine ; and Bag, BAGGING-BILL. A curved iron instrument used for various agricultiural purposes. It is also called a bagging-hook. BAI 133 BAI BAGGINGI.Y. Sqiiintingly. TTiis word occurs in the Rom. of the Rose, 292, explained by some arrogantly. TjTwhitt's exjilaiiation, here adopted, best suits the context, and the cor- responding passage in tlie original. B.\GGING-TIME. Baiting time. North. At Bury. CO. Lane, about the year 1780, a re- freshment between dinner and supper was called bagging, wliile at Chorley, distant only about twenty miles, the term was not in use. B.\G11EL. Same as lagi'lle, q. v. In toiin herd I telle, The baghtl and the iKlle Ben filcheii and fled. Wright's PoliticitJ Songs, p. 307. BiVGINET. A bayonette. Var. dial. B.\GLE. An impudent woman ; an opprobrious term for a woman of bad character. Salop. Perhaps this is merely a variation of Imggagr, though Mr. Hartshorne derives it from the French hfgueule. BAG-OF-NAILS. The name of a sign, said to be con-upted from the Bacchanals. He squints like a bag of nails, i. e., bis eyes are directed as nianv wavs as the points of a bag of nails. B.\G-PUL)DI\G. A rustic dish, said, in an old niu-sery rhyme, to have formed the repast of King .\rthur ; but mentioned, I believe, in no modern dictionary. It appears, from Taylor's Workes, i. 1 IG, that Gloucestershire was for- merly fanmus for them ; but Welsh bag-pud- dings are mentioned in Hawkins' Eng. Dram. iii. 170. Howell, English Proverbs, p. 6, gives this, " Sweetheart and bagg-pudding." See also He\^vood's Edward IV., p. 47 ; Florio, in V. Offa,' Polliglia. BAGWALETOUR. A carrier of baggage. Howe shall the cuntrcy thenne susteyne two sot, greate tr.iynes, as the kinges majestic and they must have ; speeially considering the nombre of liairwate- tuurt that shall eom with them out of Fraunce. Stale Papt-rg, i. 536. BAGY. A badge. Demers. BAHN. Going. Yorksh. BAHT. Both. Than sent he many ay messenger After Sarzyns haht far and ner. Cuj/ ■'/ n'nrwU-k, Middlehill MS. BATCH. A languet of land. Hag. BAICS. Chidings ; reproofs. Tusser. This word and the previous one are from Hunter's addi- tions to Boucher. BAIDE. Endured. Northitmb. BAIGNE. To drench ; to soak. BAIL. (1) A be.acon ; a signal; a bonfire. North. Also bailes, flames, blazes. Cf. Piers Plough- man, p. 190. (2) The handle of a pail, bucket, or kettle j the bow of a scythe. East. BAILE. (1) 'Battle. See Rol). Glouc. p. 37, where the Arundel MS. reads hatnille. (2) A wooden canopy, formed of bows. See the Rutland Pa]iers, p. 6 ; Ordinances and Regula- tions, ]). 127. BAILEY. .\ name given to the courts of a castle formed by the spaces between the circuits of walls or defences which surrounded the keep. O-rf. Gloss. Arch. Four toures ay hit has and kernels fair, Thre baillicn al aboute, that may nojt apair. MS. Bgerton 927. BAILIWICK. Stewardship. Dent. Florio spells it bailg-wccke, in v. Castaldia. BAILLIE. Custody ; government. {A.-N.) See Rom. of the Rose, 4302 ; Kvng Alisaunder, 7532 ; Langtoft, pp. Gl, 127, 280. B.\ILS. Hoops to bear up the tilt of a boat. Bourne. BAILY. A bailiff; a steward; also, a sherilTs officer. As bahje, sergeaunt, or reve. That fallit hys lordys goodes to reseyve. ^.5. Halton 18. And for to somoun all them to this fest. The baily of Uoston thereto is the best. MS. liait't. C. 86. BAIN. Near ; ready ; easy. North. Ray ex- plains it, " willing, forward," and Wilbraham " near, convenient." In the east of England it means, pliant. Umber. " To be very bain about one," oflicious, ready to help. As an archaism, it signifies, obedient, ready, wilhng. See Chester Plays, i. 69 ; Robson's Romances, p. 46 ; Towncley Mysteries, pp. 28, 39. .\ monthe day of trewse moste ye take. And than to bataylc be ye bat/ne. MS. Harl 2252, f. 125. BAINE. (1) A bath. See Pattcrne of Painfull Adventures, pp. 188, 195 ; Rutland Papers, p. 8, bayn. (2) To bathe. No more I lio my mirthis fayne, But in gladnesse 1 swyni and baine. MS. Cantab. Ff. i. fi, f. IIG. BAINER. Nearer. North. BAIN'LY. Readily. U.VIRE. Fit ; convenient. Durham. BAIRMAN. A poor insolvent debtor, left bare and naked, who was obliged to swear in court that lie was not worth above five shillings and five pence. Phillips. BAIRN. A child. North. The several com- pounds of this word are too obvious to require insertion. BAIRNWOUTS. The daisy. Yorksh. BAISE. A bastard. In s'ir C. Sharp's Chrou. Mirab. p. 9, is the entry, " Isabel, daughter to Philippe Wilkinson, bur. 30 May, 1633, baise with another man's wife," from the register of Hart. BAISEMAINS. Compliments ; salutations. Spenser. BAISKE. Sour. {Su. Goth.) BAIST. To beat. North. He p.Tld gotid Ilobin batk and side. And b'li^t him up and down; And with his pyke-staff laid on loud, Till he fell In a swoon. llubin llooi, I. U* BAISTE. Abashed. Bees nnphtc buUte of ;onc Iwyes, nc of thaire bryghte wciiis : Wo salle blenke Ihcirc bostc for allc thelrc Iwldc profire Morte Arthure, MS. Liticctn, (. 83. BAL 134 BAL BAIT. (1) A luncheon ; a meal taken by a la- bourer in tbe morning. Var. dial. In Torrent of Portugal, p. 66, it apparently means to re- fresh ; to stop to feed. (2) To lower a bargain. Var. dial. (3) To flutter. A hawking term. (4) Food ; pasture. North. B AITAND. Explained by I leame, in great haste. See Peter Langtoft, p. 307. BAITEL. To thrash. North. BAITH. Both. North. BAIT-POKE. A bag to carry provisions in. North. B.\J ARDOUR. A carter ; the bearer of any weight or burden. Kersey. B.\K- A bat. " The Mode of a bale" is an in- gredient in a medical receipt in MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 282. Thane come thare flyande amangez thame bakkes, grettere thane wilde dowfes, and thaire tethe ware lyke mene tethe, and thay didd mene raekille disese and hurte. Life of AUxanderj MS. Lincoln, f. 29. BAKED. Incrusted. Var. dial. BAKED-IIEAT. Means generally, meat pre- pared by baking ; but, in the common usage of our ancestors, it signified more usually a meat- pie. This signification has been a good deal overlooked. Nares. BAKEN. Baked. BAKERLEGGED. A person whose legs bend outwards is said to be bakerlegged. Grose has laker-knee' d, " one whose knees knock toge- ther in walking, as if kneading dough." See Cotgrave, in v. Billart. BAKER'S-DOZEN. Thirteen. Sometimes, four- teen. Florio has, " Serqua, a dozen, namely of egges, or, as we say, a baker's dozen, that is, thiiieeue to the dozen." See also the same dictionary, in v. Agfjihnfa. BAKESTER. A female baker. Derhysh. In Pier's Ploughman, pp. 14, 47, we have bakstere in the same sense. BAKII.iLFE. Hinder part. See Restoration of Edward IV., p. 14. There biganne many vanitees growe upon hym, as hit were upon his bakhalfe, Caiton's Divers Fruytful Ghostt;/ Matera. BAKHOUSE. A bakehouse. North. See the Prompt. Parv. p. 21. B.AKIX. The ([uautity of bread baked at one time. Yorkshire. Tliis term also occurs in the Prompt. Parv. p. 21. BAKING-DRAUGHT. Part of the hinder quar- ter of an ox. See Holme's Academy of Ar- mory, iii. 87. BAKK. A cheek. Stevenson. BAKKER. More backwards. With that anone I went me bakker more, Myselfe and I methought we were i-now. Chaucer, MS. Omtab. Ft. i. 6, f. 99. BAKPANER. A kind of basket; probably a pannier carried on the back. Caxton. B.VKST.iLE. Backwards. Prompt. Parv. BAL. (1) .\ flame. See Stevenson's additions to Boucher, in v. This may be the meaning of the word in Wright's Political Songs, p. 318. (2) A. -nine. West. BAL.\DE-ROYAL. A balade anciently meant any short composition in verse, or even in mea- sured lines. A poem written in stanzas of eight lines was formerly said to be composed in balade-royal A poem by Lydgate, in MS. Ashmole 59, f. 22, is called a balade-royal, and several other pieces in the same MS. are said to be written " balade-wyse." Stanihurst, Description of Ireland, p. 40, mentions one Dormer who wrote in ballad-royal. BALANCE. (I) Balances. Slia'k. (2) Doubt ; uncertainty. " To lay in balance," to wager. Chaucer. BALANCERS. Makers of balances. See the curious enumeration of the different trades in Cocke Lorelles Bote, p. 10. BALASE. To balance. Baret. Cf. Harrison's Description of England, p. 235. BALASTRE. A cross-bow. Caxton. BALATE. To bleat ; to bellow. Salop. B.\L.\YS. A kind of ruby. See Palsgrave, subst. f. 19. Balayn, in Richard Coer de Lion, 2982, is perhaps the plural of this word. See also Skelton's ^Vorks, ii. 347 ; Court of hose, 80; Cotgrave, in y. Balay ; Ordinances and Regulations, p. 120. BALCHE. To belch. Huloet. BALCHING. An unfledged bird. West. BALCOON. A balcony. HoweU. B.\LD. Swift ; sudden. Verstegan. B.\LD.\CHIN. A canopy, usually supported by columns, and raised over altars, tombs, &c. ; but more particularly used where the altars were insulated, as was customary in early churches. Britton. BALDAR-HERBE. The amaranthus. Huhet. BALDCOOT. The water-hen. Drayton. Spelt balled-cote in Walter de Bibblesworth, MS. Anmd. 220, f. 301. BALDE. (1) Bold. Minot. (2) To encourage. {A.-S.) B.^LDELICHE. Boldly. This woman wente forth baldehche. Hardy hy was y-nouj. MS. Cull. Tnn. Oion. 57. BALDELY. Boldlv. Minot. B.A.LDEMOYNE. Gentian. See MS. Sloane 5, f. 5 ; Prompt. Parv. p. 22. Loke how a seke man, for his hele, Taketh baldemoyne with canelte. Gower, MS. Soc, Anliq. 134, f. 49. B.iLDER. d) To use coarse language. East. (2) Bolder. ReUq. Antiq. ii. 20. B.ALDERDASH. Explained " hodge-podge" in the glossary to Tim Bobbin. Any mixture of rubbish is called balderdash. See D'IsraeU's Amenities of Literatm-e, i. 234. In some dis- tricts the term is more restricted to absolute filth, whether appUed to language or in its literal sense. Bea Jonson calls bad Uquor by this name, and it is occasionally found as a verb, to mix or adtilterate any hquor. BALDFACED. ^^■hite-faced. Yorksh. BALD-KITE. A buzzard. In Cotgrave it is the translation of buzart and buze. BALDLY. Boldly. Minot. BAJi 135 BAL BALDOCK. Some kind of tool, mentioned in the 51st section appended to Howell's Lexi- con. BALDORE. Holder. Rob. Glouc. p. 509. BALDRII5. Not the same as the spare-rib, as generally stated, wliich has fat and lean, and is cut otr the neck. The baldrib is cut lower down, and is devoid of fat ; hence the name, according to Minsheu. BALDRICK. A belt, girdle, or sash, of various kinds ; sometimes a sword-belt. There are several instances where it would seem to have been merely a collar or stra]) round the nw'k, though it was more generally passed round one side of the neck, and under the opposite arm. See Harward's Annals of Qu. Eliz. p. 30; Fabian, p. 540; Prompt. Parv. p. 27 ; Hall, Henry VIII., ff. 3, 6 ; Malone's Shake- speare, vil. 22 ; Lydgate's Minor Poems, p. 8 ; Croft's ExcerptaAntiqua, p. 13; Cyprian Aca- demy, 1647, ii. 21; MS. Bib. Reg. 7 C. xvi. f. 68 ; Cunningham's Revels Accounts, p. 126 ; Strutt, ii. 50 ; Patterue of Painfull Adventures, p. 206 ; Todd's Illustrations, p. 320. A kind of cake, made probably in the shape of a belt, was called a bmidrick. See some old printed receipts in 4to. C. 39, Art. Seld. in Bibl. iiodl. and Wyl Bucke's Testament, p. 34. B.VLDUCTU.M. A term appUed by Nash to some of the aifected expressions of Gabriel Harvey. It seems to have been nearly syno- nymous with balderdash, and is foimd in a similar sense in Stanihurst's Description of Ireland, p. 29. BALDWEIN. GenHan. Gerard. BALE. (1) Sorrow; evU; mischief. (A.-S.) Ryght lliUB I mene, I mak no lengcre tale, But 5e do thus, grettere growyth oure btite. MS. Raw!. I'oct. IIB. Therwhile, sire, that I tolde this tale, Thi sone mighte tholie dethes bale. Sevyn Sages, 702. (2) Basil wood. Skinner. (3) The scrotum ? Stevenson. (4) Ten reams of paper. Kennctt. (fi) A pair of dice is frequently called a bale. This term is found in Skelton, Ben Jonson, and later wTiters. (6^ The belly. Madden. (7) Destruction. Prompt. Parv. BALEFUL. Evil; baneful. This word occurs in 2 Henry VI., iii. 2, and earlier in Syr Gawayne, p. 105. BALEIS. A large rod. (//.-A".) Also the verb baleisen, to beat with a rod, which is still in use in some parts of Shropshire. Piers Plouij/tman. BALE.N'A. A whale. {Lat.) The huge leviathan is but a shrlmpe Compar'd with our batena on (he lantl. Tragedy uf iUitfman, 1031. BALEW. Evil. {A.-S.) BALEYNE. Whalebone.' Skinner. It is pos- sible this may be the same with balai/n in Kichard Cocr de Lion, 2982. BALEZ. Bowels. Gaw. BALIIEW. Plain; smooth. Prompt. Parv. BALI.^GE. The office of a baufr. See Florio, in V. Batfliuo, Jiaile. BALLST. An ancient engine, or kind of ord- nance, for projecting stones. BALISTAR. A man using a cross-bow. BALK. (1) ,\ ridge of greensward left by the plough in ploughing, or !)y design between different occupancies in a common field. The term is translated bv ierrte porca in an old vocabulary in MS. Bodl. C04, f. 39 ; but by grumus, a heap, in Withals' Dictionarie, ed. 1608, p. 89. See also Reliq. Antiq. ii. 81 ; Cotgrave, in v. Assillounement , Cheinire ; Towneley Myst. p. 99 ; Cov. Myst. p. 343 ; Piers Ploughman, p. 123; Nomenclator, p. 385; Florio, in V. i)e/i>u're ; Ilolinshed, Hist. Ireland, p. 174. From this last example it appears that the explanation given by Withals is correct, and Baret has, " a balke or banke of earth raysed or standing up bctwcene twoo furrowes." To draw a balk is to draw a straight furrow across a field. (2) A particular beam used in the construction of a cottage, especially a thatched one. The sidewalls and gables !)eing erected, a pair of couples or strong supports is placed between each pair of galilcs, and the balk is the strong beam, running horizontally, that unites these below. This balk is often used in the poorer cottages to hang various articles on, a custom alluded to in Chaucer, Cant. T., 3626; Hawkins' Engl. Dram. i. 171. A sinnlar beam in a stable or outhouse is also called a balk, as in Topsell's Foure Footed Beasts, p. 395 ; Kennett's Glossary, MS. Lansd. 1033 ; and the term is occasionally applied generally to any beam or rafter. See also Prompt. Parv. pp.21, 30, 196; Tusser, p. 204 ; Skelton, i. 114; Book of Kates, 1675, p. 24. Ihdoet has, " balke eiule whych appeareth under the caves of a house, ^jrocer." Byude hit furste with balke and bonde. And wynde hit sithtlu-n with good woude. Curam- JIfinidi, MS. Cull. Trin. Cantab., f. 11. (3) To heap uj) in a riilge or hillock, in 1 Henry IV., i. 1. It seems to have the usual meaning of omit in Tam. Shrew, i. 1; Sanderson's Sermons, 1C89, p. 39. " Balk the way," get out of tlie way, Downfall of Robert, Earl of Huntingdun, p. 80. (4) A sim])le jiiece of machinery used in the dairy districts of the county of Sutlblk, into which the cow's head is put while she is milked. (5) Straight young trees after they are felled are in Norfolk called balkx. (6) " To be thrown ourt' balk," is, in the West Riding of Yorkshire, to be published in the church. "To hing ourt' balk," is marriage deferred after pulilication. B.VLKE. (1) To have a balk in ploughing. But so wel halte no ntaii the plogh, That he ue balkelh other* lie. Oiiivcr, MS. Auc. Aniiil. IH, f. «7. BAL 136 BAL (2) To belch. (A.-S.) Perceavyng by the grefc of their rommunicatinns the dukes pryde nowe and then to balke outealytle brayde of envye towarde the glorye of the kynge. Hardyng, Svpp. f. 84. (.3) To be angry. Reynard the Foxe. B.\LKER. A great beam. East. BALKERS. Persons who stand on high places near the sea-coast, at the time of herring fishing, to malvc signs to the fishermen which way the shoals pass. Blount. B.VLKING. A ridge of earth. Latimer. BALK-PLOUGHING. A particular mode of ploughing, in which ridges are left at inter- vals. East. BALKS. The hay-loft. Chesh. Kennett, MS. Lansd. 1033, says the hen-roost was so called. BALK-STAFF. A quarter-statf. North. Btilk^staues and cudgels, pikes and truncheons. Brown bread and cheese, that swam by luncheons. Coltun's Poetical Vl'urks, 1734, p. 12. BALL. (1) Bald. Somerset. (2) The pupil of the eye. "Ball, or apple of the eye." Huloet, 1552. Son after, wen he was halle. Then began to slak hyr balle. Gui/ of IVarwiek, Middleliill MS. (3) The palm of the hand. Yorksh. Also the roimd part at the bottom of a horse's foot. See Florio, in v. Crf/fo. (4) A name given to various animals. It is mentioned as the name of a horse in Chaucer and Tusser, of a sheep in the Promptorium, and of a dog in the Pri\'y Purse Expenees of Henry VIIL, p. 43. It is the common name of a field in Devonshire. (5) The body of a tree. Lane. BALLACE. To stulf; to fiU. Ballast, filled, Comedy of Errors, iii. 2. Cf. Hall's Satires, iv. 5 ; Ford's Tracts, p. 9. Huloet has ialas- sen, translated bv sahwro. BALLAD. To siu'g ballads. Shak. B.\LLADIN. A kind of dance, mentioned by Minsheu and Skinner. B.\LLANDES. Ballauces.' Ballandes are men- tioned in the Rates of the Custome House, 1545, quoted iu the Brit. Bibl. ii. 398. BALLANS. Ballauces. BALLANT. A ballad. North. B.\LLARD. A castrated ram. Devon. The word occurs in an obscure sense in ReUq. An- tiq. ii. 56. BALLART. One of the names of the hare in the curious poem printed in Rehq. Antiq. i. 133. BALLAST. A ruby. See Balays. BALLASTER. A small pillar usually made circular, and swelling towards the bottoiu, commonly used in a balustrade. Oxf. Gloss. Arch. BALLATRON. A rascal ; a thief. Mlnsheii. BALLE. (1) The "balle iu the hode," acm-ious phrase for the head, occurring in Urry's Chaucer, p. G25; Kyng Ahsaunder, 6481; To^vneley Myst. p. 17; Arthoiu- and Merlin, p. 16. (2) Palsgrave has, " I balle as a curre dogge dothe, ^> hrtrle." BALLED. (1) Bald. "Balled reson," a bald reson, a bare argument. Cf. Piers Ploughman, pp. 176, 436; Dial. Creat. Moral, p. 109; Chaucer, Cant. T., 198, 2520 ; Depos. Rich. II. p. 29 ; Rehq. Antiq. ii. 179. (2) Whitefaced. North. BALLEDNESSE. Baldness. See Rehq. Antiq. ii. 56 ; Rob. Glouc. p. 482. B.ALLERAG. To banter; to rally in a con- temptuous way; to abuse; to scold. Var. dial. BALLESSE. Ballast. Huloet. BALLIARDS. The game of billiards. Spenser has it, and it is also found in Florio, in v. Ci:gole. BALLINGER. A small saihng vessel. The word occurs with various orthographies in Har- rison's Description of Britaine, p. 79 ; Hall, Henry V. f. 26 ; Egerton Papers, p. 12 ; State Papers, ii. 76; Hardyng's Chronicle, f. Ill; Manners and Household Expenees, pp. 222, 470. Among the miscellaneous documents at the Rolls House is one, I. 187, containing an account of the charges for repairing and rig- ging of the " ballyngar named the Sunday," A. D. 1532. See also Ducange, in v. Balin- garia. .\nd toke londe nygh to a gret tourment that was called Couleigne, and went to londe in a balangei-e, he and xxi. men with hytn. MS. Digby IH5. BALL-MONEY. Money demanded of a mar- riage company, and given to prevent their being maltreated. In the North it is custo- mary for a ]).irty to attend at the church gates, after a wedding, to enforce this claim. The gift has received this denomination, as being originally designed for the purchase of a foot-ball. Brockett. The custom is men- tioned by Coles and Miege. BALLOCK-GRASS. The herb dogs'-stones. Gerarde. BALLOCKS. Testiculi. (^.-5.) There is a receipt "for swelUnge of ballokis" in MS. Bib. Reg. 17 A. ih. f. 149. Cf. Reliq. Anti(|. ii. 280. Receipts for a mess called balok lirothe are given iu Warner's Antiq. Culin. p. 68, Forme of Cury, p. 53. It appears from Palsgrave's Acolastus, 1540, that ballocke- stoneswis once a term of endearment. Some- times spelt balloxs, as in an early receipt in Bright MS. f. 14. BALLOK-KNYF. A knife hung from the girdle. Piers Ploughman. BALLOON. A large inflated ball of strong leather, formerly used iu a game called balloon, the ball being struck by the arm, which was defended by a bracer of wood. The antiquity of aerostation has been absurdly deduced from the mention of this game in Du Bartas. It is spelt balloo in Ben Jonson,iii. 216. Cf. Ran- dolph's Poems, 1643, p. 105 ; Cunningham's Revels Accounts, p. xvii. ; Middleton's Works, iv. 342; Strutt's Sports, p. 96; Florio, in v./Jn/. BAL 137 BAN huure, Cdlcio, Giociire, flonfiatoio ; Cotgravc, in V. Balon, lirassal ; Oriliiiaiices and Regula- tions, p. 328. BALLOW. (1) Bony; thin. Drayton. (2) To select or bespeak. It is used by boys at ])lay, when they select a goal or a companion of their game. North. (3) .V ])ole ; a stick ; a cudgel. North. It is found in King Lear, iv. 6, ed. 1623, p. 304. BALL'S-BULL. A person who has no ear for music is sometimes compared to Ball's bull, who had so Uttle that he kicked the fiddler over the bridge. East. BAl.L-STELL. A geometrical quadrant. See tlie Nomenclator, p. 303. In MS. Adilit. 5008, a story is toldof ahoy who had been for some time very attentively watching his father take the altitude of a star with his ballastella, when suddenly he obser\ed the star shoot, and testi- fied his delight by exclaiming, " Ye have hyt hir, father ; she is fawln, she is fawlu !" BALL-STONE. A measure of iron-stone which lies near the siuface ; a kind of limestone fomid near \Venlock. Salop. BALL-THISTLE. A species of thistle, men- tioned by Gerard, p. 990. BALLU. Mischief; sorrow. {A.-S.) BALLCP. The front or flap of smallclothes. .\urlhumb. The term is found in Ritson's Robin Hood, ii. 154, left une.vplained by the editor. BALLY. (1) A Utter of pigs. North. (2) To grow distended. Salop. (3) Comfortable. West. BALLYS. Bellows. Salop. The form balyxvs occurs in Tundale, p. 34. BALLYVE. A bailiff. BALMER. Apparently some kind of coloured cloth. " Barrones in balmer and byse." Ches- ter Plays, i. 172. TheBodl. M S. reads iaHwifr. BALNEAL. Refreshing. Hotcell. B.\LN Y. A bath. This seems to be the mean- ing of the word in Ashmole's Theat. Chem. Brit. p. 143. B.\LO. A beam in buildings ; any piece of squared timber. East. BALON. In justs of peace, the swords were jjointless and rendered blunt, being often of baton, as it was termed, which seems to have been of whalebone, covered with leather, and silvered over. Meyrici. BALOTADE. An attempt made by a horse to kick. Diet. Nusb. BALOl'KGLY. A kind of broth. Themetliod of making it is described in Warner's Antiq. Culin. p. 49. BALOU5T. About. (A.-S.) BALOW. (1) .\ nursery term, forming part of the burthen of a lullaby. North. (2) A spirit ; properly, an evil spirit. {A.-S.) With many aungcl» and arkaunguls, AntI other Oalout, als the buke telles. MS. mill. OjU. Sion. xvlil. 8. BALOW-BROTII. An ancient dish in cookery, dcscribcu in MS. Sloanc 1201, f. 45. It may be the same as ballock-broth previously men- tioned, in v. Ballocks, BALOYNGE. Eyther arm an elne long* Balopnge mengeth at by-moDg, Ase baum ys hire bleo. n'rightU I^yric Poetry, p. 35. BALSAM-APPLE. A herb mentioned by Florio in V. Caranza. BALSAMUM. Balsam. Shak. Florio has baU samint, in v. Eiipatoria. BALSOMATE. Embalmed. He made his ymage of laton full clene* In whiche he put his body bal^umale. Htirdtfuf^s Chronicle^ f. 93. BALSTAFF. Same as balk-staff, q. v. Chaucer has this form of the word, which is also given bv Ray. It means a large pole or statT. BALTER. To cohere together. Warn: See Blood-bolt ereil. The word occurs in the Morte Arthure, MS. Lincoln, A. i. 17, f. 61, in the sense of to caper, to dance about. BALTHAZAR. One of the kings ofCoIeyn.the three magi w ho came from the East to worship the new-born Saviour. Mr. Wright has printed the early Enghsh legend of these kings in his edition of the Chester Plays. Howell, p. 5, has the proverb, " Brave man at arms, but weak to Balthasar." BALVSTER. A bannister. BALWE. (1) Mischief; sorrow. {A.-S.) (2) Plain ; smooth. Prompt. Pan. BALY. (1) Evil; sorrow. Bot thel schryve them of Ihcr glotony, In hell schall be ther bnty. JUS. Jsl,male6\, f. 86. (2) A belly. Balyd, belhed, occurs in the Hunt- tyng of the Hare, 187. (3) A baiUft". See Wright's Monastic Letters, p. 174; Prompt. Parv. p. 22. (4) Dominion ; government. {A.-N.) If thou be pareld most of price, And ridis here in thi balye. MS, Cantab. Ff. v. 48. BALYSCHEPE. The office of a bailiff. Prompt. Parv. BALZAN. A horse with wliite feet. Howell. BAL5E. Ample ; swelling. Gaw. BAM. A false tale, or jeer. Yorksh. Also a verb, to make fiui of a jjcrson. BAMBLE. To walk unsteadily. East. BAMBOOZLE. To threaten; to deceive; to make fun of a person. A very piquant use is made of this word in Gibber's comedy of " She Would and She Would Not." BAMBY. By and by. Deron. BA.MCHICHES. A kind of chiches, mentioned by Florio, in v. Arielini. BAME. To anoint with balm. And bade me hame me welle aboute, Whennc hit wolde other water or wese. MS. Ointiib. Ff. i.e. f. 46. BAMMEL. To beat ; to |)ommel. Salop. BAN. (1) A curse. Shak. (2) To curse. And summe banne the, and some bicsse. MS. Cantab. Ff. li. 3«, f. 18. (3) A kind of diunpling. Lane. 9» BAN 138 BAN (4) To shut out ; to stop. Somerset. (5) Command, precept, summons, edict, pro- clamation, ordinance. So explained by Hearne. See an instance of it in Rob. Glouc. p. 188. BANBURY. Howell gives two proverbs con- cerning this town — 1. Like Banbury tinkers, who in stopping one hole make two ; 2. As mse as the mayor of Banbury, who would prove that Henry III. was before Henry II. According to Grose, a nonsensical tale is called a " Banbury story of a cock and bull ;" so from these evidences it would not appear that the Banburians were remarkable for sagacity. Banbury, at the commencement of the seven- teenth century, was celebrated for its number of puritans, and Ben Jonson calls a puritan a Banbur)/ man. It is now principally known for its cakes. Bardolf, in the Merry Wives of Windsor, compares Slender to Banbury cheese, which seems to have been remarkably thin, for the older Tom Heywood observes that he " never saw Banbury cheese thick enough." There is a receipt for making this cheese in MS. Sloane 1201, f. 3. BANCKEROWTE. Bankrupt. Hidoet BANCO. A bank of money. An Italian word introduced in Marlowe's Jew of Malta, iv. 1. B.\ND. (1) A bond; a covenant; an engage- ment. See Percy's Rehques, p. 13; State Papers, i. 11. Here i-gyf I 50W be tinnd An c. pownd worth of land. Sir De^revnnt, 869. (2) A hyphen. The word is used in this sense in the French Alphabet, 1615, p. 68. ''3) A string of any kind. North. Have thys rope yn thyn hande. And holde the faste by the bande. MS. Cantab. Pf. ii. 38, f. 130. (4) Imprisonment. His moder dame .\lienore, and the barons of this land. For him travailed sore, and brouht him out of band. Langtoft'a Chronicle, p. 201. (5) A space of ground, containing twenty yards square. North. (6) As an article of ornament for the neck, was the common wear of gentlemen. The clergy and la^Nyers, who now exclusively retain tliem, formerly wore rutFs. See the description of a gentleman in Thynne's Debate, p. 19; Nares and Minsheu, in v. (7) The neck feathers of a cock. Holme. BANDE. Bound. Cf. Collier's Old Ballads, p. 15 ; Ywaine and Gawin, 1776. A mawnger ther he fande. Come therin lyggaiide, Therto his mere he bande With the withy. Sir Perceval, 443. BANDED-MAIL. A kind of armom-, which consisted of alternate rows of leather or cotton, and single chain-mail. BANDEL. Florio translates bandelle, " side corners in a house ; also any bandels." See also the same lexicographer, in v. Beiuielliire, Falda. B.'V^NDELET. Florio has " Cidrpa, any kind of scarfe or baiidelet." See also Strutt's Dress and Habits, ii. 124. BANDERS. Associators ; conspirators ; men bound to each other by the mutual ties of a partv. Boucher. BANDISH. A bandage. North. BAND-KIT. A kind of great can with a cover. North. BANDO. A proclamation. Shirley. BANDOG. According to Nares, a dog always kept tied up on account of his fierceness, and with a view to increase that quahty in him, which it certainly would do. Bewick describes it as a species of mastilf, produced by a mix- tiu'e with the bull-dog. See Withals' Dic- tionarie. p. 77; Ford's Works, ii. 526; Robin Hood, ii. 64. BANDOLEERS. Little wooden cases covered with leather, each of them containing the charge of powder for a musket, and fastened to a broad band of leather, which the person who was to use them put round his neck. The band itself is also frequently termed a bandoleer. See Middleton's Works, v. 517; Union Inventories, p. 3 ; Songs of the London Prentices, p. 68. BAN DON. Dominion; subjection; disposal. {A.-N.) See Gij of Warwike, p. 136 ; Robson's Met. Rom., p. 11; Ritson's Songs, i. 56 ; Lang- toft, p. 141 ; Rom. of the Rose, 1163 ; Kyng Ahsaundcr, 3180, 5505, 7720; Le Bone Flo- rence of Rome, 695. Merci. queth, ich me yelile Recreaunt to the in this felde, So harde the smitest upon me krown, Ich do me alle in the htnidtiun. BevcB cif Hamtoitn, p. 43, As thou art knyght of renowne, 1 do me all yn thy bandnwne. MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 1U2. But he me put out of his bandume, And yef to me no maner audience. Lydgate. MS. .i3hm.3&, !. L'fl. BANDORE. A musical instrument, somewhat similar to a guitar. According to Boucher, bass-viols are often called bandores in Glouces- tershire ; and Grose applies the term to *' a widow's moiu-ning peak," where I suspect an error for Fr. bandeau. The bandore is said to have been invented by one John Rose, in the reign of Elizabeth ; but it is more probable that he merely introduced a variation of the Itahan pandura, an instrument very similar both in form and name. BANDORE. A penon banner. Holme. BANDROLL. A httle streamer, banner, or pen- non, usually fixed near the point of a lance. (Fr.) See Drayton's Poems, p. 11 ; Percy's Reliques, p. 271 ; Florio, in v. Banderella. BANDS. The hinges of a door. North. BANDSTERS. Those who, in reaping, during harvest, bind the sheaves. North. BANDSTRINGS. Translated by Miege, glands derabat. Cf. Strutt, ii. 99, 222. They were prohibited to be imported by 14 Car. II. See Book of Rates, p. 179. .\ccoiding to Jamie- son, they were strings going across the breast for tying in an oruamcntal way. BAN 139 BAN BANDSTROT. A charm. BANDY. (1) A game played with sticks called bandies, bent and round at one end, and a small woollen ball, which each party endea- vours to drive to opposite fixed points. North- brooke, in 1 3 7 7, mentions it as a favourite game in Devonshire. It is sometimes called bandy- ball, and an early drawing of the game is co- pied in Strutt's Sports and Pastimes, p. 102. (2) A hare. East. (3) To toss a ball, a term at tennis. See Dray- ton's Poems, p. 10; Malone's Shakespeare, x. 52 ; Hawkins' Eng. Dram. iii. 171. (4) To join in a faction. Minsheu. (5) Flexible ; without substance. A term ap- plied to bad cloth in the Stat. 43 Eliz. c. 10. Skinner. BANDY-HEWIT. A Uttle bandy-legged dog; a turnspit. Otherwise explained, " a name given to any dog, when persons intend to use it in making sport of its master." Lane. BANDY-llOSHOE. A game at ball, common in Norfolk, and played in a similar manner to bandy, q. v. BANDYLAN. A bad woman. North. BANDYN. Bound. {A.-S.) BANDY-MICKET. The game of cricket, played with a bandv instead of a bat. East. BANE. (1) A'bone. North. Agayne he wode that wator onatie, Nerehand for-nomene on ilke a bane. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17. f. 12. 305. It is also a verb, to become bankrupt ; and Nares gives an ex- ample of it in the sense of bankruptcy. Sir James Harrington mentions a game at cards called bankerout. See Arch. viii. 149. BANKS. The seats on which the rowers of a boat sit ; also, the sides of a vessel. Marston. I BAN 140 BAP BANKS'-HORSE. A learned horse, kept by a person named Banks in the time of Elizabeth, and constantly alluded to by WTiters of the time under his name of Morocco. One of his exploits is said to have been the ascent of St. Paul's steeple. The author of the Life and Death of Mrs. Mary Frith, 1662, p. 75, says, " I shall never forget my fellow humourist Banks the vintner in Cheapside, who taught his horse to dance and shooed him with silver.' ' In MS. Ashm. 826, f. 1 79, is a curious satiri- cal piece entitled, " A bill of fare sent to Bankes the vintner in Cheape-side, in May 1637 ;" and an unnoticed anecdote respecting his horse occurs in Jests to make you Merie, 1607, p. 12. BANKSIDE. Part of the borough of Southwark, famous in Shakespeare's time for its theatres, and as the residence of a certain class of ladies. See further particulars in Nares, p. 26. BANKSMAN. One who superintends the busi- ness of the coal pit. Derbysh. BANK-UP. To heap up. " It is banking up," spoken of a cloud gathering before a shower. Devon. BANKY. A banky piece, a field with banks in it. Hcreforilsh. BANLES. ' Without bones. BANNE. Toban; to curse; to banish. (,^.-A'.) See Piers Ploughman, pp. 18, 143, 167, 310. Bannee occurs apparently in a similar sense m the Exmoor ScoUhng, p. 11. BANNER. A body of armed men, varying from twenty to eightv. See the State Papers, ii. 46. BANNERELL. A httle streamer or flag. See Florio, in v. BandaruiUa ; Arch. xii. 350. CANNERERE. A standard-bearer. JVeber. BANNERET. A knight made in the field with the ceremony of cutting off the point of his standiird, and making it a banner. Thane the baiierettez of Bretayne broghte thame to tentes. Morte .4ythu>e, MS. Litic. A. i. 17, f. 78 BANNERING. An annual custom of perambu- lating the bounds of a parish, for the purjrase of maintaining the local jurisdiction and privileges. Salop. BANNET-HAY. A rick-yard. Wilts. BANNEY. St. Barnabas. /. Wight. BANNICK. To beat ; to thrash. Sussex. BANNIKIN. A small driuldng cup. But since it is resolved otherwise, I pray you bid the butler bring up his bannikins, and I'll m.ike you all lords like myself. .-icvounr of Grocer^ Compan;/, p. 25. BANNIN. That which is used for shutting or stopping. Somerset. B ANN IS. A stickleback. Wilts. B.\NNISTERS. A term which is supposed to mean travellers in distress. It occurs in the ancient accounts of the parish of Chudleigh, CO. Devon. See Carlisle on Charities, p. 288. BANNOCK. A thick round cake of bread, not a loaf. At Worsley, co. Lane, it is thus made — oatmeal and water two parts, treacle one part, baked about one fourth of an inch thick in cakes of a few inches in ihameter. Ray explains it, " an oat-cake kneaded with water only, and baked in the embers." A kind of hard ship biscuit sometimes goes under this name. BANNUT. A wahiut. West. The growing tree is called a bannut tree, but the converted timber walnut. The term occurs as early as 1697 in MS. Lansd. 1033, f. 2. BANNYD. Banished. {^.-N.) Mede and Falseheed assocyed are» Trowthe baniiyd ys, the blynde may not se; Manye a mon they make fuUe bare, A strange compleynt ther ys of every degre. MS. Cantab. Ff. i. 6, f. 135. BANQUET. (1) Generally means a dessert in the works of our early writers. According to Gifford the banquet was usually placed in a separate room, to which the guests removed when they had dined. This was called the banquetting room. See Beaumont and Fletcher, iii. 437; Ford's Works, i. 231; Middletou's Works, iii. 252 ; Malone's Shake- speare, v. 510. (2) Part of the branch of a horse's bit. See the Diet. Rust, in v. BANQUETER. A banker. Huloet. BANRRNT. A banneret ; a noble. Gain. BANRET. Same as banneret, q. v. According to Staniburst, Des. of Ireland, p. 39, " he is properlie called a banret, whose father was no carpet knight, but dubbed in the field under the banner or ensigne." Cf. Sir Degrevaut, 458. BANSCIIYN. To banish. Prompt. Pan. BANSEL. To beat ; to punish. Staffordsh. BANSTICKLE. The stickleback. Huloet. The term is still in use in Wiltshire, pronounced banticle. B.\NT. A string. Lane. BANTAMWORK. A very showy kind of painted or carved work. Ash. BANWORT. A violet. Dunelm. According to Cooper, bellis is "the whj-te daysy, called of some the m.irgarite, in the North bamcoort." See Bibl. EUota;, ed. 1559, in v. Oiu- first explanation is given on Kennett's authoritv, MS. Lansd. 1033. {J.-S. Banwyrt.) BANY. Bony ; having large bones. North. BANYAN-DAY'. A sea term for those days on which no meat is allowed to the sailors. BANYER. A standard-bearer. {A.-N.) BANYNGE. A kind of bird. "A sparl)-nge or a banynge" is mentioned in MS. Arund. 249, f. 90. See also the Archa;ologia, xiii. 341. The sparhng is described by Randal Holme, p. 293 ; but it is also the name of the smelt, which may be here intended. BANZELL. A long lazy fellow. North. BAON. The enclosed space between the ex- ternal walls and the body of a fortress. See the State Papers, ii. 441. B.\P. A piece of baker's bread, varj'ing from one penny to twopence in value, generally in the shape of an elongated rhombus, but some^ times circular. North. BAR BAPTEME. Baptism. BAPTISM. A ceremony performed in merchant vessels which pass the line for the first time, both upon the ships and men. The custom is fully described in Bailey's Dictionarj-, fol. ed. in v. BAPTYSTE. Baptism. Si/son. BAR. (1) A baron. J/a6. Gloiic. (2) To shut ; to close. North. (3) A joke. North. (4) A horseway up a hill. Derhysh. (5) To lay claim or make choice of; a term used by boys at play when they select a particiUar situation or place. (6) A feather in a hawk's wing. Berners. (7) Bare ; naked. North. (8) A boar. (A.-S.) (9) Bore. {A.-S.) Also, to bear, as in Percy's ReUques, p. 4. (10.) Throwing or pitching the bar was a com- mon amusement with our ancestors, and is said to have been a favourite pastime with Henry VIII. Scarse from these mad folke hart he gone so farre As a strong man will eas'ly pitch a harre. Drai/tort's Poemg, p. 241. (11.) To bar a die was a phrase used amongst gamblers. See Mr. Colber's notes to the Ghost of Richard III., p. 75. BARA-PICKLET. Bread made of fine flour, leavened, and made into small round cakes. Diet. Rust. Cf. Holme's Academy, iii. 86. BARATHRUM. An abyss. (Lat.) Our poets frequently apply the word to an insatiate eater. See Shirley's Works, i. 390 ; Fairholt's Pageants, ii. 183. BARATOUR. A quarrelsome person. Cf. Prompt. Parv., p. 23 ; Klorio, in v. /niburias- sdne; Reliq. Antiq. ii. 239 ; Hardyng's Chroni- cle, f. 215. One was Ewayne fytz Asoure, Another was Gawayne with honour. And Kay the bolde baratour. Sir Perceval, 263. BARATOWS. Contentious. Skelton. BARAYNE. Barren, applied to hinds not gravid. Barai/nes useil substantively. Gaw. Cf Morte D'Artbur, ii. 355. B.\RA5E. Bore away. The ryng and the gloven of the texteyn he nom And bara-^e; and this lordyi)(;es al that ftolhe toKlc. MS. Cvlt. IViii. Oxon. ,'.7. B.\RB. (1) To shave. See Measure for Measure, iv. 2, ed. 1685. Hence, to mow a field, as in Webster's Works, iv. 78. Ben Jonson, iv. 19, h.-is AarAiHc/ money, for chpping it; and according to Bailey, to barb a lobster is to cut it up. (2) Florio has " Barboucrlli, the barbrs or little teates in the mouth of some horses." (3) A Barbary horse. See Blome's Gent. Rcc. ii. 1. BARHAI.OT. A puflin. /Mme. It is aLso the tiillMi' cif a ftsli, the barbel. liAIUlAUYN. The burberry. Prompt. Parv. BAHBASON The supposed name of a fiend, 141 .BAR mentioned in Merry W. of 'Windsor, ii. 2 ; Henry V., ii. 1. BARBE. A hood, or muffler, which covered the lower part of the face. According to Strutt, it was a piece of white plaited linen and belonged properly to mourning, being generally worn under the chin. The feathers under the beak of a hawk were called the barbe fedcrs, so that there may possibly be some connexion between the terms ; and in the Dial. Crcat. Moral, p. 223, mention is made of an animal with " a barbydde chynne." In SjT Gawayne the word is appbcd to the edge of an axe, and the points of arrows are called barbez. BARBED. An epithet formerly appbed to war- horses, when caparisoned with miUtary trap- pings and armour. Perhaps the more correct form is barded, q. v. BARBED-CATTE. A warlike engine, described in the following passage : For to make a wcrrely holde, that men calK a bnrbr^d cane, and a bewfray that shal have ix. fadonie of lengthe and two fadome of biede, and the said catte six fadome of lengthe and two of brede, shal be ordeyned all squarre wode for the same aboiile foure hondred fadum, a thousand of horde, xxiiij. rollcs, and a grete quantyt^ of smalle wode. Carton's Vegeciuf, .Sig. 1. 6. BARBEL. A small piece of armour which pro- tects part of the bassinet. His barbel first adoun he deth, AVithouten colour his neb he seth. GiJ 0/ fVarwike, p. 160. BARBENY'. Same as Rilts, q. v. BARBER. To shave or trim the beard. S/iai. The term barber-monger in King Lear, is ap- parently aii])lied to a person dressed out by a barber, a finical fop. The phrase barber's for- feits does not seem to be satisfactorily ex- plained by the commentators, nor can we sup- ply more certain information. It is supposed to have some reference to their double trade of barber and physician. In MS. Sloane 776. is a lueiUcal treatise, "compylvd by meChiu-lys Whytte, cittczen and barboure-ciriiryyon of London ;" and it is coninionly stated that the spiral lines still seen on the barlior's pole re present the fillets bound round the arm when a person is bled. BARBICAN. A kind of watch-tower. The term is also applied to an ailvanccd work be- fore the gate of a castle or fortified town, or any outwork at a short distance from the main works ; and it occurs in Kyng Alisaumlcr, 1591, explained by Weber " a parapet or strong high wall, with turrets to defend the gate and drawbridge." BARBI.E. The Bible. North. BARHLES. Small vesicular tingling liimplcs, such as arc caused by the stinging of nellies, or of some minute insects. East. The term is also applied to knots in the mouth of a horse. Sec Topsell's Ilistorv of Foiirc-fooled Beasts, p. 363. BARIiONES. A rccei]it to make " larte An young. East. BARLA Y. Apj)arently a corruption of the French par hi. Sec gloss, to Syr Gawayne, ia v. BARLEEG, An ancient dish m cookery, com- posed of almonds and rice. See Warner's An- tiq. Cuhn. p. 83. BARLEP. A basket for keeping barley in. Prompt. Parv. BARLET. So the first folio reads in Macbeth, i. 6, where modern editors have substituted martlet. See the edit. 1623, p. 134. BARLEY'. To bespeak ; to claim. It is an ex- clamation frequently used by children in their games when they wish to obtain a short ex- emption from the laws of the amusement in which they are occupied. North. BARLEY-BIG. A particular kind of barley, mostly cultivated in the fenny districts of Nor- folk and the Isle of Ely. I have never knuwn any malt made of rye, perhapj because yielding very little bran, it is found more fitt for bread-corn, nor of that grain which wc call barley- big, yet I hear that of late it is oftc malted in other places. .-lubrei/g Willa, MS. Soc. Reg. p. 304. BARLEY'-BIRD. The nightingale, which comes in the season of sowing barley. East. The green-finch is sometimes so called, and the name is stUl more frequently applied to the siskin. BARLEY-BOTTLES. Little bundles of barley in the straw, given to farm-horses. This waste- ful method of giving feeds of corn was for- merly in vogue in Norfolk, but is now disused. BARLEY-BREAK. .\n ancient rural game, thus described by GitTord. It was played by six people, three of each sex, who were coupled bv lot. A piece of ground was then chosen, and divided into three compartments, of w hich the middle one was called hell. It was the object of the couple condemned to this division to catch the others, wlio advanced from the two extremities ; in which case a change of situa- tion took place, and hell was filled by the couple who were excluded by pre-occupation from the other places ; in this " catching," however, there was some difficulty, as, bv the regiUations of the game, the middle couple were not to separate before they had succeeded, while the others miglit break iianils when.ver they found themselves hard pressed. When all had been taken in turn, the last conjile were said to be in hill, and the game ended. There is a description of the game in a httle tract, called " Barlcy-breake, or a Warning for Wan- tons," 4to. Loud. 1007. Some extracts from it will be found in the Brit. Uibl. i. 66. See also Florio, in v. Pome,- Brand's Pop. Antiq ii. 236. BAKLEY-BREE. Ale. North. B.VRLEY-BL'N. A " barley buiine gentleman" is, accorthng to Minsheu, '" a gent, (although rich) yet lives with barley bread, and other- wise barely anil hardly." BARLEY-CORN. Ale or beer. Var. dial. BAULEY-IIAILKS. The spears of barley. South. BARLEY-MCNG. Barley meal, mixed with water or milk, to fatten i'owls or jjigs. AVr.v/. BARLEY-PLLM. A kind of dark purjile plum. IVesf. BAR 144 BAB CARLEY-SEED-BIRD. The yellow water-wag- tail. Yorksh. BARLEY-SELE. The season of sowing harley. East. The term is found in the Prompt. Parv. p, 25. BARLICHE. Barley. They were constreyned to resceive barliche for here jeres rewarde. MS. Douce 291, f. 16. BARLICHOOD. The state of being ill-tem- pered after the use of intoxicating hquors. North. Skeltonhas barlyhuod, i. 107, though not, I think, in the same sense. See barly- hate in Nugse Poet. p. 9. BARLING. A lamprey. North. BARLINGS. Fiiepole's. In Blomefield's Nor- folk, iii. 769, mention is made of " sixteen acres and a rood of heath, with the Oarlint/s, valued at 19s. \d." Boucher erroneously con- siders it to be a dialectical pronunciation of bare or barren lands. The term again occm's in the Book of Rates, p. 25. BARM. (1) The lap or bosom. {A.-S.) To her he profreth his service. And layth his heed upon hir bai-me. Gowei-.eA. 1532, f. 139. (2) Yeast. JVesl. The term is found in Shake- speare, Lilly, Beaumont and Fletcher, and other early WTiters. BARMASTER. A chief officer among the miners, who measures the oar obtained, receives the lot and cope, lays out and measures meers of ground to the miners, and aopoints harmote courts. Derbysh. BARME-CLOTH. An apron. Chaucer. The term barm-felli/s occurs in a curious poem in ReUq. Antiq. i. 240, meaning the leathern aprons worn by blacksmiths ; and bannhatreSy garments for the bosom, in the same work, ii. 176. BARMOTE. A bergmote. Derbysh. BARMSKIN. A leather apron, generally one made of the skin of sheep. North, In Lin- colnsliire holds the elegant simile, " as dirty and greasy as a barmskin." The word occm's in the Prompt. Parv. p. 25. BARN. (1) A child. {.4.-S.) The word is com- mon both as an archaism and provinciahsm. Harrison, in his Description of England, p. 157, says " the common sort doo call their male children barnes here in England, especiaUie in the North couutrie, where that word is yet ac- customabhe in use ; and it is also growne into a proverbe in the South, when anie man sus- teineth a great hinderance, to sale, I am beg- gered and all my barnes." (2) A man. (3) To lay up in a bam. £ast. Shakespeare uses the word in this sense in the Rape of Lu- crece, xx. 155. (4) A garner. Wickliffe. (5) Going. Yorksh. BARNABAS. A kind of thistle, mentioned by Florio. in v. Calcatrippa. BARNABEE. The lady-bird. Suffolh. BARXABY-BRIGHT. The provincial name for St. Barnabas' day, June 11th, which has been celebrated in proverbs and nursery-rhymes under this name. BARNACLES. It was formerly thought that this species of shell-fish, which is found on timber exposed to the action of the sea, be- came, when broken otf, a kind of geese. These geese are called barnacles by many of our old writers. The term is also often apphed to spec- tacles. BARNAGE. The baronage. {Fr.) See Chron. Vilodun. p. 31 ; Gij of Warwicke, p. 205 ; Ywaine and Gawin, 1258. The king com with his harnage. And fouiies hrent in grete rage. Arthour and Merlin, p. 90. BARNDE. Burnt. Rob. Glouc. BARN-DOOR-SAVAGE. A clodhopper. Salop. BARNE. (1) A kind of flower, mentioned in HoUyband's Dictionarie, 1593. (2) A baron. See Const. Freemas. p. 14 ; Rob. Gloue. p. 139 ; Sir Degrevant, 1844 ; Thorn- ton Rom. p. 260. BARNED. Closed ; shut up. Oxon. BARNEHED. Childhood. Also mene chaungez Ihurghe dyverse ages ; for bai-nehed rcjoyse it in sympilnesse, jouthehede in pre- sumptuosnes, and grete elde in stahilnes. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 3C. Thar sal je find sumkyn dedis. That Jhesus did in hys bam-hedit. MS. Coll. Vfspas. A. iii. f. 3. BARNEKIN. The outermost ward of a castle, within which the barns, stables, cow-houses, &c. were placed. Hall spells it bamiyn, Henry VIII. f. 101 ; and the imusual form ianieiyncA occurs in Sir Degrevant, 375. BARNE-LAYKAYNES. Children's playthings. In that also that thou sent us a hande-balle and other banie-ltit/kaitnes, thou prophicyed rijte, and bi- takend bifore thyngez that we trowe thurghe Goddez heipe salle falle untille us. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 8. BARNGUN. An eruption on the skin. Devon. BARNISH. (1) ChUdish. North. (2) To increase in strength or vigour ; to fatten ; look ruddy and sleek. The word is in con- stant use in the Southern and Western coun- ties, and is also an archaism. " Barnish you," an imprecation found in theDevonshire dialect. BARN-MOUSE. Abat. " Bit by a barn-mouse," a common plirase for being tipsy. BARN-SCOOP. A wooden shovel used in barns. Var. dial. BARN-TEME. (1) A brood of children. See Towneley Myst. pp. 46, 212; Chester Plays, ii. 53. He and his eldest brother Seem, Blessedest of that bame-leem. Curmr Miindi, MS. Col. Trin. Canlab. f. 13. The firste ther of this foule bame-tyme highte Envye, the tother highte Pride, the thirde highte Gruchynge. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 275. (2) A chUd. His dame nowe maye dreame For her owine barne^teame. Chester Plays, ii. 55, BARNWORT. See Banwort. BARNYARD. A straw-yard. East. B.ARN-YOU. An imprecation. Devon. BARNYSKYN. A leather apron. Pr. Pan. BAR 145 BAR BARON. (1) Sometimes used for barn, a child, as in Cov. Myst. p. 182 ; Chester I'lays, i. 192. (2) The back part of a cow. far. dial. BAKONADY. The dignity of a haron. BARONAGE. An assembly of barous. The same with barnag€t q. v. BARONER. A baron. BAROWE. An ancient vehicle, whence perhaps the modern term barrow is derived. It is translated by cenovecforium in the Prompt. Parv. J). 2b. BARR. (1) To choose ; to debar. Salop. (2) Part of a stag's horn, mentioned in the ap- pendix to Howell, sect. 3. (3) The gate of a city. B.\RRA. A gelt pig. Exmoor. BARRACAN. A sort of stuff. Miege. BARRA-HORSE. A Barhary horse. See the Privv Purse Expences of Henry VIII. p. 204. BARRATING. QuarrelUng. See the 2d Part of Promos and Cassandra, ii. 4. BARRE. (1) The ornament of a girdle. See Prompt. Parv. p. 24 ; Notes to Chaucer, p. 150. Florio mentions the barres of a helmet, in v. Forchrtte. (2) To move violently. In myddis the streme when that thay ware. The wawes with wynde byjane to barre. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 126. BARRED, striped. Shirley, ii. 380, speaks of a " barr'd gown," and tlie term occurs also in Syr Gawayne. Drayton has barred for barbed, ap- plied to horses. BARREINE. Barren. Chaucer. BARREL. A bucket. Elyot mentions "the barrel of a well," in v. Sucula. Florio, in v. Diiga, mentions barrel-boards, boards of which barrels are made. BARREL-FEVER. Aviolent sickness occasioned by intemperance. North. BARREN. (1) A hind not gravid. In Sussex, a barren cow or ewe is so called. (2) A company of mules. Bemert. (3) The vagina of an auitnat. Line. (4) Stupid ; ignorant. Shak. I3ARRENER. A barren cow or ewe. South. BAKREN-IVY. Creeping i\T. llaitfi/. BARREN-SPRINGS. Springs impregnated with mineral, and considered injurious to the laml. BARKESSE. A bar; a gate. Cf. Plumpton Correspondence, p. 142. At the bitrrfstr hi' hah.ide, And bawndoiily downe ly(;htc. .U.S-. Lincoln A. I. 17, f. 131. BARRICOAT. A child's coat. Norlhumb. B.\KRIK. Fit; convenient. Durham. BAKIUER. The paling in a tournament. BAURIKKS. To tight at barriers, to tight williin lists. This kind of contest is sometimes called simply barriert. See Cunningham's Revels Acroimts, p. X. ; Florio, in v. Hai/orddre. BARHIIIAM. A horse's collar. Xorlh. BARlUkET. A small firkin. See Colgiave, in V. Darrot, Fillette. The term barrilet teems used in the same sense. It occurs in Florio, in v. BariUtto, Botdllo ; Cotgrava, in V. Hambour. BARRING. Except. Var. dial. BARRING-OUT. An ancient custom at schools, said to be still prevalent in some parts of the North of England, when the boys, a few days before the holidays, barricade the school-room from the master, and stipulate for the disci- pline of the next half year. According to Dr. Johnson, Addison, in 1683, was the leader in an atlair of tliis kind at Litchfield. BARRO. A borough. " Bethlem that barro." See the Chester Plays, i. 179. BARROW. (1) A hillock; an ancient tumu- lus. It would appear from Lambarde, Peram- bulation of Kent, 1596, p. 435, that the term in his time was peculiar to the West of England. Cf. Elyot's Dictionarie, in v. fjru- mus. Tumulus. Kenuett, MS. Lansd. 1033, gives it as a Durham word for a grove. (2) A child's flannel clout. Somerset. (3) A way up a hiU. North. (4) At Nantwich and Droitwich, the conical baskets wherein they put the salt to let the water drain from it are called barrows. A barrow contained about six pecks. Keanett, MS. Lansd. 1033. (5) A castrated boar. With brestes of baroweg that bryghte ware to echewe. Morte Arlhuit, MS. Lincoln A. 1. 17, f. 65. BARRS. The upper parts of the gums of a horse. Diet. Bust. BARRY. To thrash com. Norfhumb. BARRYD. Paled rotmd, in preparation for a tournament. And sythen to the felde they farde. The place was barryd and dyghte. MS. Cantab. Ff. Ii. 38, f. 70- BARS. The game of prisoner's-base. Went he on a day to plawe. As children don atte bars. Legend of Pope Gregory, p. JJ5. BARS.\LE. The time of stripping bark. East. BAItSE. A perch. Westmor. BARSH. Shelter. Kennett. BARSLETYS. Hounds. Ther come barownce to tliat bay with barsleljft bolde. MS. Douce 308, f. 34 B ARSON. A horse's coUar. York.sh. BARST. Burst; broke. Lane. The word oc- curs in Robert of Gloucester, and other early writers. BARTE. To beat with the fists. Wnnr. BARTII. A shelter for cattle. Ea.tt. Ray and Pegge explain it, " a warm place or pasture for calves or lambs," and add that it is used in the South in this sense. Sec also Tusscr's Husbandry, p. 92. Barthiess, houseless, oc- curs in the Devonshire dialect. BARTHOLOMEW-PIG. Roasted pigs were for- merly among the chief attractions of Bartho- lomew Fair; they were sold pijung hot. in bo()ihs and stalls, ami ostentatiously ilisplaycd to excite the appetite of passengers. Hence a Bartholomew-pig became a common subject of allusion. Nares. 10 BAS 146 BAS BARTIIU-DAY. St. Bartholomew's day. I BARTIZAN. The small overhanging turrets which project from the angles on the top of a tower, or from the parapet or other parts of a hujhhng. Oxf. Gloss. Arch. BARTLE. (1) According to Kennett, MS. Lansd. 1033, " at nine-pins or ten-banes they have one larger hone set about a yard before the rest call'd the bartle, and to knock down the bartle gives for five in the game." Westmor. (2) St. Bartholomew. North. BARTON. The demesne lands of a manor ; the manor-house itself; and sometimes, tlie out- houses and yards. Miege says " a coop for poultry," and Cooper translates cohors, " a hnrton or place inclosed wherin aU kinde of pultrie was kept." In the Unton Inventories, p. 9, pigs are mentioned as being kept in a barton. BARTRAM. The pellitory. BARTYNIT. Struck ; battered. Gau: Sharp, in his MS. Warwickshire glossary, has barte, to heat with the fists, which may be connected with this term. BARU. A gelt boar. In Rob. Glouc. p. 207, a giant is described as running a spit through a " vatte baru" for his meal. BAR-UP. To shut up. Kennett. BARVEL. A short leathern apron worn by washerwomen ; a slabbering bib. Kent. BARVOT. Bare-foot. Rob. Glouc. BARW. Protected. {A.-S.) B.\R\VAY. The passage into a field composed of bars or rails made to take out of the posts. BARYS. The berjl. Hir garthis of nobuUe silke thci were, Hir boculs thei were of barys stone. MS. Cantah. Ff. v. 48. BAS. To kiss. Sielton. BASAM. The red heath broom. Devon. BASCHED. Abashed ; put down. Sithe the bore was beten aud hasched no mor, Dut the hurt that he had hele shuld thor. Roland, MS. Lansd. 388, f. 385. BASCLES. A kind of robbers or highwaymen so called. See the Gloss, to Langtoft, and the Chronicle, p. 242. B.\SCON. A kind of lace, consisting of five bows. See Strutt's Dress and Habits, ii. 98. BASCONUS. A dish in ancient cookery. The manner of making it is described in MS. Sloane 1201, f. 68. BASE. (1) To sing or play the base part in nmsic. Shak. (2) Baret has " a base, or prop, a shore or pyle to underset with." (3) Low. Harrison speaks of the " base Wence- land," in his Description of Britaine," p. 74. (4) The game of prisoner's-bars, a particular ac- count of which is given by Strutt, p. 78. See also Cotton's Works, 1 734, p. 80 ; Harring- ton's Nugffi Antiqua;, ii. 261. To " bid a base," means to run fast, chaUenging another to pursue. Doe but stand here, I'le run a little course At iMse, or barley-breakc. or some such toye. Ti-agedy of Hiiff'man, 1631. (5) Matting. East. (6) A perch. Cumb. (7) The drapery thrown over a horse, and some- times drawn tight over the armour which he wore. Met/rick. (8) A small piece of ordnance. Baessi/s are men- tioned in the Arch. vi. 216. It occiu-s in Galfrido and Bernardo, 1570, and Arch. xiii. 177, " boats shall be so well appointed with basses, and other shot besides." BASE-BALL. A country game mentioned in Moor's Suffolk Words, p. 238. BASE BROOM. The herb woodwax. Florio. BASE-COURT. The first or outer court of a eastle or large mansion. My lord, in the hasf.-cowt he doth attend To speak with you ; may't please you to come down ? Richard U. iii.3. BASE-DANCE. A grave, sober, and solemn mode of dancing, something, it is probable, iu the minuet style ; and so called, perhaps, iu contradistinction tothe vaulting kind of dances, in which there was a greater display of agihty. Boucher. An old dance, called baselema, is mentioned in MS. Sloane 3501, f. 2. B.\SEL. A coin abohshed by Henry II. in 1158. Blount's Glossographia, p. 78. BASELARD. See Bastard. BASELER. A person who takes care of neat cattle. North. BASEN. Extended. Spenser. B.\SE-RING. The ring of a cannon next be- hind the touch-hole. BASES. Defined by Nares to be, " a kind of embroidered mantle which hung down from the middle to about the knees or lower, worn by knights on horseback." Writers of the seventeenth century seem occasionally to ap- ply the term to any kind of skirts, and some- times even to the hose. See Donee's Illustra- tions, ii. 126 ; Hall, Henry VIII. f. 4 ; Dyce's Remarks, p. 263 ; Strutt, ii. 243. BASE-SON. A bastard. BASE-TAB'LE. A projecting moulding or hand of mouldings near the bottom of a waU. Oxf. Gloss. Arch. BASH. (1) The mass of the roots of a tree before they separate ; the front of a bull's or pig's head, Herefordsh. (2) To beat fruit down from the trees with a pole. Beds. (3) To be bashful. See an instance of this verb in Euphues Golden Legacie, ap. CoUier's Shak. Lib. p. 82. BASHMENT. Abashment. And as I stodc in this ba-^hmenl, I remembred your incomparable cleraencie, the whii-he, as I have my- selfe sometyme sene, moste graciously aecepteth the sklender giftes of small value which your highnes perceived wereoffred with great and lovinge affection. Gower, ed, 1554, ded. BASHRONE. A kettle. Tai/lor. BASHY. Fat; swollen. North. BASIL. When the edge of a joiner's tool is ground away to an angle, it is called a basil. Kennett, MS. Lansd. 1033. BAS 147 BAS BASILEZ. A low bow. Decker. BASIL-HAMPKKS. A person who, being short of stature, takes short steps, and does not proceed very quickly ; a girl whose clothes fall awkwardly about her feet. Line. BASILIARD. A baslard, q. v. Stmae. BASILICOK. A basilisk. Chaucer. BASILINDA. The play called (jucstions and Commands ; the choosing of King and Queen, as on Twelfth Night. Phillips. BASILISCO. A braggadocia character in an old play called " Soliman and I'erseda," so popular that his name became proverbial. See Donee's Illustrations, i.401 ; King John, i. 1. Florio has basilisco, for basilisk, a species of ordnance, in v. Bavalisso. BASILISK. A kind of cannon, not necessarily " small," as stated in Middleton's Works, iii. 214, for Corj-at mentions that he saw in the citadel of Milan " an exceeding huge ba- siliske, which was so great, that it would easily contayne the body of a very corpulent man ;" and Hairison, in his Description of England, p. 198, includes the basilisk in " the names of our greatest ordinance." A minute account of the shot required for it is contained in the same work, p. 199. BASINET. The herb crowfoot. BASING. The rind of cheese. S/aff. BASK. Sharp, hard, acid. Westmor. BASKEFYSVKE. Fututio. See a curious pas- sage in the Cokwolds Daunce, 116. BASKET. An exclamation frequently made use of in cockpits, where persons, unable to pay theur losings, are adjudged to be put into a basket suspended over the pit, there to re- main till the sport is concluded. O'rose. BASKET-SWORU. A sword with a hilt formed to protect the hand from injury. Snord beare armes ? Hees a base companion. Alas, 1 have knowne you beare a basktt.surord. Warke for Cutlera, 1615. BASKING. (1) A sound thrashing. East. (2) A drenching in a shower. East. BASLARD. A long dagger, generally worn suspended from the girdle. It was not cuu- sidered proper for priests to wear this wea- pon, and a curious poem in MS. Greaves 57, cautions them against doing so ; but still the l)ractice was not uncommon, as ai)pears from Audelay's Poems, p. 16. Hall, Henry VI. f. 101, mentions " a southerne byl to coiiter- vayle a nortbren haslard," so that perhai>s in his time the weapon was more generally used in the North of England. In 110,3 it was ordained tliat no person should use a haslard, decorated with silver, unless he he possessed of the yearly income of 20/. It is spelt basplrril in some of the old dictionaries. BASNET. (I) A cap. Skellon. (2) Same as bassenet, q. v. BASON. a badger. Cotgrave. BASONING-FUKNACE. A furnace used in the manufacture of hats. Holme. It.ASS. (1) A kind of perch. (2) To kiss. More. (3) A church hassock. North. According to Kennett, the term is also apjilied to " a collar for cart-horses made of flags." In Cumber- land the word is applied generally to dried rushes. (4) The inner rind of a tree. North. (5) A slaty piece of coal. Salop. (6) A twopenny loaf. North. (7) A thing to wind about grafted trees before they be clayed, and after. Holme. BASSA. A bashaw. Marlmee. We have bas- sado in the Archaiologia, xx\-iii. 104 ; and bassate. Hall, Henr^- VIII. f. 192. BASSAM. Heath. 'Devon. BASSCHE. To be ashamed. Of. Sharp's Cov. Myst. p. 103 i Morte Arthure, MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 75. BASSE. (1) A kiss. Also a verb, as in Anc. Poet. Tracts, p. 26. Then of my mouth come take a basae. Fore Oder goodes have I none. MS. Rauil. C. 268. (2) A hollow place. Hollyband. (3) Apparently a term for " the elder swine." See Topsell's Foure Footed Beasts, p. 661. (4) To be ornamented with bases, q. v. Hall. Henry VIII. f. 50, mentions "howe the Duke of Burbones hende was apparelled and bataed in tawny velvet." B.\SSELL. " Bassell lether" is mentioned in the Brit. Bibl. ii. 399. BASSENET. A light helmet worn sometmios with a moveable front. They were often very magnificently adorned. Cf. Strutt, ii. 60 ; Brit. Bibl. i. 146 ; Percy's Rchques, p. 3, Kyng AUsaunder, 2234 ; Hall, Henry VIII. f. 235. Hys vcntayle and hys bagenttl, Hys helme on hys hedd sett. MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38. f. 88. On his bacenftt thay belt, Thay brys^ed it In twa. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 137. BASSET. (1) An earth-dog. Markham. (2) A mineral tenn where the strata rise upwards. Derbi/sh. The direction is termed basstl-end, or bassetiny, as Kennett has it, MS. Lansd. 10.33. BASSETT. A game at cards, said to have been invented at Venice. It was a fashionable game here in the latter part of the seventeenth cen- tury. Bedford, Evil and Danger of Stage Plays, 1706, p. 127, mentions a drama on the suhject. BASSEYNYS. Basons. Tundale, p. 54. BASSINATE. A kind of fish, " like unto men in shape," mentioned in Holiiished, Hist. Scotland, p. 139. See also Jamieson, supp. in V. Hassinat. BASSING. Kissing. Baret. HASSOCK, A hassock. Kailei/. BAST. (1) Matting; straw. North. "Baste or straw hattes" are mentioned in the Rates, 1545, Brit. Bibl. ii. .399. Cf. Harrison's Description of Britaine, p. 3. BAS 148 BAT (2) Boast. Sir Gii seyd, than thou it bast Than make theiof thi bt Gawayne, in V. See, however, Boucher, in v. Bastelle. BASTER. A heavy blow. Nortli. BASTERLY-GULLION. A bastard's bastard. Lane. [Fr. Coiiillon.] BASTIAN. St. Sebastian. BASTICK. A basket. West. BASTIIiE. A temporary wooden tower, used formerly in miUtary and naval warfare. Some- times the term is applied to any tower or for- tification. They hadde also tonres of tymber goyngotrwhe1'»», that we ctepen bastiles,m somer castell, Vegeeiui, US. Douce J9) , f. 4U. He gerte make a grete bastelle of tree, and seu it apone schippes in the see, evene forgajTies the cete, so that ther myghte no schippez come uere the h*- vene. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17. f. A. And in thi bastel fulle of blisfulnesae. In lueti age than schalle the wet betide. Boetittt, JtfS. Soc. Antiq. 13-1. f. 994. BASTING. Bourne, in his Inventions or De- vises, 1578, speaking of " ordinance of lead*," mentions '* the basting thereof, that is to say, to put in the more substance of the met- tall." BASTON. (I) A cudgel. {A.-N.) (2) A peculiar species of verse so called. A spe- cimen of it is printed in the Rehq. Antiq. ij. 174. See also the same work, ii. 8 ; Langtoft, pref. p. 99. (3) A servant of the Warden of the Fleet, whose duty it is to attend the king's courts, with a red statf, for the purpose of taking into cus- tody such persons as were committed by the court. (4) A kind of lace, the manufacture of which is detailed in MS. Harl. 2320, quoted by Steven- son. See Bascon. BASTONE. A bastinado. Marlowe. BAT. (I) A stick ; a club ; a cudgel. North. In Herefordshire a wooden tool used for breaking clods of earth is so called. See Malone's Shakespeare, x. 237 ; Utterson's Pop. Poet, i. 110; Kyng .Misaunder, 78, 5832; Percy's Reliques, p. 254 ; Thynne's Debate, p. 75. He nemeth is bat and forth a goth, Swithe sori and wel wroth. Beves of Hamtoun, p. 17. (2) A blow; a stroke. North. Sometimes a verb, to strike or beat ; to beat cotton. That xal be asjyd be this batte .' What, thou Jhesus .' ho zaff the that ? Coventry Myiteries, p. 296. (3) Debate. Cov. Afysf. (4) To wink. Derbysh. (5) The straw of two wheat sheaves tied to- gether. Yorksh. (6) State ; condition. North. (7) Speed. Line. (8) A leaping-post. Somerset. (9) A low-laced boot. Somerset. (10) The root end of a tree after it has been thrown. Somerset. 1 1 ) A spade at cards. Somerset. 12) At Wednesbury, in Staffordshire, the last parting that hes between the upper and the nether coal is called a bat. Kennett, MS.Lansd. 1033. B.\TABLE. (1) Fertile in nutrition, applied to land. Harrison frequently uses the word. De- scription of England, pp. 37, 40. 109. 2J3. (2) Certain land between England and Scot- land was formerly called the bafable grountl, " landes dependyng in variance betwene the realmes." See Hall, Edward IV. f. 56. BATAILED. Embattled. {A.-N.) See Rom. of the Rose, 4162. BAT 149 BAT I le caste's, I se eke high towres, Walles of iitone crcstyd and bataylled, MS. Cantab. Ff. i. 6, f. 13. BATAILOUS. Ready for battle. Chaucer. BATAILS. Provisions. BATAraTNG. Emtiattling. This form occurs in the Forme of Cury, p. 85. BATALE. To join in battle. BATALLE. An army. Than thir twa batalles mett samene, and faughte togedir, and thare was Sampsone slaenc. IfS. Lincoln A. I. 17, f. 5. BATAND. Going hastily. Lanytofl. BATANT. The piece of wood that runs all along upon the edge of a lockside of a door, gate, or window. Cotgrave. BATARDIER. A nursery for trees, (fr.) BATAUNTLICHE. Hastily. {A.-N.) See Piers Ploughman, p. 280. BATAYLYNGE. A battlement. How this temple with his wallis wyde. With his crestes and hataytynge ryalle. Lydgale, US. Soi: Antiq. 134, f. 15. BATCH. (1) Properly a quantity of bread baked at once, but generally applied to a bout or lot of anything. It also implies the whole of the wheat flour which is used for making common household bread, after the bran alone has been separated from it. Coarse flour is sometimes called batch flour. (2) A kind of hound. North. (3) An open space by the road-side ; a sand- bank, or patch of ground lying near a river ; a mound. West. BATE. (1) Contention; debate; conflict. Cf. Chron. Vilodun. p. 83; Boke of Curtasye, p. 8 ; Acolastus, 1540; 2 Hen. IV. ii. 4. (2) To abate ; to diminish. North. Whereof his luste began to bate. And that was love is thanne hate. Uouier, JUS. Soc. Antiq. 134, f. 6G. Hys cowntynance dydc he never hate. But kept hym stylle In on state. ArchU'otogia, xxi. 74. (3) To flutter, a term generally applied to hawks. SeeDepos. Ric. II. p. 13; Brit. Bibl. ii. 34.') ; Cotgravo, in v. Delialis; lloUushed, Hist. Ire- land, p. 21. (4) Bit. (^A.-S.) Tharc was na qwike thyngcz that they bate that ne also sone it dyed, bet harme did thay nane to the o«tc. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17. f. SB- 'S) Lower? To a townc the! toke the gate. Men clcpe hit Uctany the bate. MS. Cantab. Ff. v. 48, f. 15. (6) Without ; except. Lane. (7) In Craven, when the fibres of wood arc twisted and crooked, they are said to be cross- bated. (8) To go with rapidity. Also, to fall suddenly. " lete his burlydie blonke baite on the lluies." MS. Mortc Arthure, f. 81. (9) A boat. {A.-S.) ThtT men vytayh-d by bate That caslt-I with eorncs. Sir Degiei'ant,'JW. (101 The old proverb, " I/ate me an aoe, (piotb Bolton " implies an alleged assertion is too strong, or, sometimes, according to Nares, " excuse me there." See Sir Thomas More, p. 18 ; Steevens' Old Plays, i. 45. A pamphlet was of proverbs pen'd by Polton, Wherein he thought all sorts included were ; Untillone told him, Bate m' an ace, quoth B, the belt. And also that it be as gret add holow dryven iS Jiit may to the leiigthe, and that it be shortere at the syde to the bawderikward than at the netlier sydc. MS. Budl.Me. BAWE. (1) The bow of a saddle .' Gau: (2) A species of worm formerly used as a bait for fisliing. Stcrfn,wn. BAWEL. Bawels arc mentioned by the ton and the thousand in the Rates of the Custome House, 1545, in Brit. Bibl. ii. 398. BAM'E-LINE. The bowling of a sail ; that rojie which is fastened to the middle part of tlie outside of a sail. Steretuson. BAW ER. A maker of balls. Slaffordsh. BAWKER. A kind of sand-stone used forwhet- ting scvthes. Somerset. HAWKS.' A bay-b)ft. Cumb. B.VWL. Hounds, when too busy before they find the scent, arc said to bawl. Blome. BAWLIN. Big; large. Coles. B.\WMAN. A bowman ; an archer. Gate. BAWME. (1) Balm. Also a verb, to embalm. in which sense it occurs in the Lincoln MS. of Morte Artbure; Malory, i. 179. " Bawme glasses" are mentioned in Brit. Bibl. ii. 399, which may refer to the place of their maiiu- facture. (2) To address ; to adorn. North. HAW .\IVN. Bnlsaiu. Prompt. Parv. BAWN. (\) Any kind of edifice. SeeRiibnrd- son, in v. BAY 152 BAY (2) Ready; going. North. BAWND. Swollen. East. BAWNDONLY. Cheerfully. {A.-N.) See the example quoted under barresse. BAWRELL. A kind of hawk. Phillips. The maie bird was called the bawret. See Blome's Gent. Rec. ii. 28. BAWSE. To scream. Siimier. Supposed to be a form of dot/. BAWSEN. Burst. Derbysh. Bawsen-ballid, ruptiu^ed. BAWSHERE. Supposed to be a corruption of beau-sire. See the Towneley Mysteries, p. 69. BAW'SIN. (l).\n imperious noisy fellow. North. (2) Great ; large ; unwieldy ; swelled. Chest. Ben Jonson, vi. 278, has the word in this sense. See also Urrj-'s Chaucer, p. 558. (3) A badger. See ElUs's Met. Rom. ii. 358, wTonglv explained by the editor. B.iWSONT. Having a white stripe down the face, applied to an animal. North. BAWSTONE. A badger. Prompt. Pan. BAWT. (1) Without. "lorisA. (2) To roar ; to cry. North. BAWTERE. Some bird of prey, mentioned by Beruers. BAWY. A boy. Tliis unusual form occurs in the Frere and the Boy, st. xv. BAXTER. (1) A baker. North. The bftTtere mette another, Nas hit noujt so god. MS. Bodl.eM, f. 5. (2) An implement used for baking cakes upon, common in old houses. North. BAY. (1) A berry. Prompt. Parn^. Tak the bnyea of yvene, and stamp thame wele, atid temper thame with whit wyne, and drynk therof fastande ilk a day a porcione. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f- 2H8. (2) A principal compartment or didsion in the architectural arrangement of a building, marked either by the buttresses on the walls, by the disposition of the main ribs of tlie vaulting of the interior, by the main arches and pillars, the principals of the roof, or by any other leathng featiu"es that separate it into corresponding portions. The word is some- times used for the space between the mullions of a window. Ojf. Gloss, .irch. In the pro- vinces the term is even applied to the divisions of a bajn, or in fact to any building possess- ing marks of division. Sometimes a single apartment in a rustic house, or the space be- tween two gables, is so called, which may be the meaning of the term in Measure for Mea- sure, ii. 1, unless we might propose to read day. A compartment of a vault is also termed a bay, according to Willis's Nomenclatore, p. 43. Cf. Florio, in v. .Jngra ; Arch. x. 441 ; Hall's Satires, v. 1 ; Nichols' Royal \\'ills, p. 295 ; Holme's Academy of Armory, p. 450. (3) A pond-head made up of a great height to keep in store of water, so that the wheels of the furnace or hammer belonging to an iron mill may be driven by the water coming thence through a floodgate. Blount. The word occurs in Prompt. Parv. p. 21, translated by obslacuhim, for which see Ducange, in v. In Dorsetshire, any bank across a stream is called a bay, and Cotgrave, in v. Baye, mentions " a bay of land." (4 ) A pole ; a stake. Skinner. (5) To bathe. Spenser. (6) A boy. Weber. (7) To bend. iVesimor. (8) Round. Gaw. (9) Bay, or baiting of an animal, when attacked by dogs. According to Blome, hounds are said to bay, when they make the animal "turn head." To bay, to bark. Miege. (10) To open the mouth entreatingly for food, as a young chdd does. Hollyband. (11) The nest of a squirrel. East. (12) A hole in a breast-work to receive the mouth of a cannon. Hersey. (13) To bark. Bhme. (14) To nidodge a martern. Blome. B.\YARD. Properly a bay horse, but often ap- plied to a horse in general. AccortUng to Grose, to ride bayard of ten toes is to walk on foot, a phrase which can have no modern ori- gin. A very old proverb, " as bold as bhnd bayard," seems to be applied to those wito do not look before thev leap. Cf. Piers Plough- man, pp. 68, 72, 128; Skelton, ii. 186 ; Tarl- ton's Jests, p. 51 ; Halle's E.xpostulation, p. 5 ; Turnament of Tottenham, xi. ; Cotgrave, in v. Bay art ; Chaucer, Cant. T. 16881 ; Keimett's Glossary, p. 23 ; MS. Douce 302, f. 7 ; Aude- lay's Poems, p. 84 ; Dent's Pathway to Heaven, p. 247 ; Manners and Household Expences of England, p. 184 ; Langtoft, p. 272 ; MS. Cott. Cleop. B. ii f. 61 ; Sir Gawayne, p. 301. Skelton mentions bayardys bun, a sort of loaf formerly given to horses. Ther is no God, ther is no lawe Of whom that he tal^eth eny hede. But as Bayarde the biynde stede, Tille he falle in the diche amidde. He goth ther no man wol hira bidde. Gower, MS. Soc. .^nllq. I»J, f. 18J. BAY-DUCK. A sheU-duck. East. BAYE. Both. (J.-S.) Til thai com into a valaye, And ther thai gun to rest baye Arthonr and Merlin, p. ."iB. Into the chaumber go we baye. Among the maidens for to playe. Gy of Wfinvikc, p. los. BAYEN. To bay ; to bark ; to bait. BAYES. Baize. BAYET. Baited. Robson. BAYLE. (1) A bailiff. See Reynard the Foxe, p. 162; Audelay's Poems, p. 33; Towneley Mysteries, p. 17. In both senses. (2) A bucket. See the Privj- Purse Expences of Henry VIII. p. 11, "to the same watermen for fowre bayles for the saied barge." BAYLLISHIP. The office of a bailiif. BAYLY. Authority. Cf. Sir Eglamour, 755, a district given in charge to a bailiif or guard. V kneghe hym here yn grete bayly. He loved venjaunce withoute mercy. MS. Hail. 1701, f. 10. BE 153 BEA BAYLYD. BoUed. ireber. J3AVN. A murderer. (A.-S.) BAVNES. Bones. See Sharp's Gov. Mysteries, p. 225. B A YN i D. Shelled, prepared for table, as beans, 6te. J'ronipt. Parv. BAVKE. Fit ; convenient. Durham. BAYSSENT. ReconcUed? To ct-asse the warre, the peace to be cncieassed BetM'eDe hym and kyng John bayaaeiit, Hiirrii/ng's CInonicle, f. 150. BAYTE. (1) To avail; to be useful. Also, to apply to any use. Hot with hir tukea tryppe of gayte. With uiylke of thame for to bat/te To hir lyves fode. air Perceval 186. (2) Explained by Hearne, " baited, fastened, in- vaded," in his glossary to Langtoft ; but see p. 276. BAYTHE. To grant. Gaio. BAYTYNGES. Chastisements. He shal liem chastyse with sinert speche. With smalie 6ayfj/«ge« and nat with wreehe. MS. Harl. 1701. f. 72. B.\Y-\VIN'DOW. A large window ; probably so called, because it occupied the whole dai/, q. v. it projected outwards, occasionally in a semi- circular form, and hence arose the corrupted expression bow-window. The l)ay-window, however, was oftener in a rectangular or poly- gonal form. The term also ajjpears to have been applied to a balcony, or gallery ; at least. Coles gives it as the translation of menianum. BAYYD. Of a bay colour. Prompt. Pan. BAYZE. Piisoner's base. Skinner. BAZANS. A kind of leather boots, mentioned by .\lattbcw Paris. BAZE. To alarm. Xortlt. BE. (1) By. {J.-S.) Occasionally /anp is un- derstood. " Be we part," by the time that we part. This proposition is common in cmiy writers, and is still in use in the nortli country dialects. (2) Been. The part. pa. occurring in this form in Chaucer and Hobert of Gloucester. (3) The verb lo be is unchanged in all its tenses in most of tlic provincial dialects. " I be very hungry," &c. (4) A common prefix to verbs, generally con- veying an intensative power, as be-balh'd, Brit. Bib!, iii. 207 ; beblubbered, llolinshed, Cbroii. Ireland, p. 91 ; bpcharme, Ford's Line of Life, p. ')! ; bedare, Hawkins' ling. Dram, ii. 1B8 ; bcJyed, TopscU's History of Serpents, p. 309 ; btfann'd, Fairfax of the Bulk and Selvedge of the Worlil, ded. 1671 ; befuijgid, Dent's Pathway to Heaven, p. 323; befool, Brome's Songs, 1661, p. 200; Tarlton's Jests, ]). 37; beinave, Brit. Bibl. i. 38 ; «<'/roperly roasted is said in the Midland Counties to be beathed. See Beethy. liEATILLES. Giblets. liKATlNG.(l) Walking about ; hurrjnng. West. (2 A row of corn in the straw laid along the barn-floor for thrashing. Norf. BEATMENT. A measure. North. liEATOUR. Round about. {A.-N.) BEAT-OUT. Puzzled. Essex. liEATWORLD. Beyond controul. East. HKAU. Fair; good. {J.-N.) BEAUCHAMP. "As bold as Beauchamp," a proverbial expression, said to have originated In the valour of one of the Earls of Warwick of that name. See Nares, p. 48 ; Middleton's Works, ii. 411 ; Brit. Bibl. i. 5.33. BE.VUFET. A cupboard or niche, with a cano)>y, at the end of a hall. Britton. BEAU-PERE. A friar, or priest. {A.-N.) See Piers Ploughman, pp. 383, 533. Roquefort has, " Bcau-pere, titre que I'on donnolt aux religieux." Spenser has the word in the sense of companion. See also Uttersou's Pop. Poet, ii. 25 ; Prompt. Parv. p. 31. BEAUPERS. Apparently some kind of cloth, mentioned in (be Book of Rates, p. 26. BEAUPLEADER. A writ that lies where the sberltf or bailirt" takes a fine of a party that he may not plead fairly, or a fitting to the purpose. Kersey. BEAUTIFIED. Beautiful. Shak. BEAUTIFUL. Delicious. Var. dial. BEAU-TRAPS. Loose-pavements in the foot- way, under which dirt and watir collects, liable to splash any one that treads on them. Norf. BEAUTY-WATER. Water used by ladies to restore their comjilcxions. Mief/e. BEAVER. (1) That part of the helmet which is moved up and down In enable the wearer to drink, leaving part of the face exposed when ui). Perhaps more correctly speaking, the shade over llie eyes; and the woril is even apjdied to the lielniet itself. See a dis. scrlation on the subject in Uouce's Illustra- tions, i. 438. (2) The bushes or underwooil growing 'i:k. Booke of Hunting, 1586. (2) A constable. Harman. (3) To nod ; to beckon. Also a substantive, a bow, a salutation. See Ord. and Reg. p. Ill; King and a Poore Northern Man, 1640; Decker's Knights Conjuring, p. 17; Chaucer, Cant. T. 12330, 17295 ; Skelton, ii. 280 ; Pals- grave, verb, f. 158. A beck was a bend of the knee as well as a nod of the head. (4) The beak of a bird. Hence the protecting tongue of an anvil is called the beck-iron. Sometimes the nose is called a beck. Harrison, p. 172, talks of a person being "weseU becked." BECKER. A wooden dish. Northumb. BECKET. A kind of spade used in digging turf. East. BECKETS. A kind of fastening ; a place of se- curity for any kind of tackle on board a ship. BECK-STANS. The strand of a rapid river. Kort/i. BECLAPPE. To catch. {A.-S.) BECLARTED. Besmeared ; bedaubed, .\ortb. BECLIPPE. To curdle. Maundevile. BE-COME. To go. (^.-5.) The participle be- com is found in S)t Gawa^-ne. BECOMES. Best clothes. East. BECOUGHT. Seized. {A.-S.) Swete Mahoun, wtiat is the red? Love-longing me hath beci'Ugfir. Beves of Hamtoun, p. 37 BECRIKE. A kind of oath. Nort/i. BECURL. To curve ; to bend. Ric/iardson. BECYDYN. Besides ; near. Prompt. Parv. BED. (1) A bed of snakes is a knot of young ones ; and a roe is said to bed when she lodges in a particular place. Diet. Rust. (2) A horizontal vein of ore in a mine. Derbysh. (3) To go to bed with. See Jonson's Conversa- tions, p. 19 ; Hardvng Suppt. p. 96. (4) Offered. {A.-S.) ' Lord, he rayght fulle wylle sped, A knyghtes dowghttyr wase hyme bed. Torrent of Poitii^al, p. 34, (5) Prayed. (A.-S.) See Warton's Hist. Engl. Poet. i. 12. (6) Commanded. Langtoft. (7) The horizontal base of stone inserted in a wall. Yorksli. (8) A tieshy piece of beef cut from the upper part of the leg and bottom of the belly. East. Sometimes the uterus of an animal is so called. (9) The phrase of getting out the wrong side of the bed is apphed to a person who is peevish and illtempered. Var. dial. BED.A.rFE. To make a fool of. {A.-S.) BE-DAGHE. To dawn upon. {A.-S.) BEDAGLED. Dirtied. Hollyband. BED-ALE. Groaning ale, brewed for a christ- ening. Devon. BEDAND. Offering. {A.-S.) So long he wente forth in hys wey. His bedes bedand nyght and dey. MS. .4slimoh 61, f. 3. BEDASSHED. Covered; adorned. This is ap- parently the meaning of the word in Morte d'Arthur, ii. 366. BEDAWYD. Ridiculed. Sielton. BED-BO.\RD. " Bedde horde" is translated by sponde in Palsgrave, subst. f. 19. BEDD. The body of a cart. Kennett's Olossori/, MS. Lansd. 1033. BEDDE. A husband or mfe. {A.-S.) BEDDEN. To bed ; to put to bed. {A.-S.) BEDDER. (1) The under-stone of an oil-mill. Howell. (2) .-Vn upholsterer. West. In some counties, beddiner. BEDDE RN. A refectory. {A.-S.) BEDDY. Greedy; officious. North. BEDE. (1) To proffer; to offer. North. See Minot's Poems, p. 19; Langtoft, p. 29; Prompt. Parv. p. 28. BED 157 BEE (2) A prayer. (A.-S.) (3) To order; to bid. {A.-S.) Also, commanded, as in Rob. Glouc. p. 166. See the various meanings of bede given by llearne. (4) To pray. {AS.) (5) Prohibition. {A.-S.) (6) Placed. Siinner. (7J Dwelt; continued. Siinner. (8) A commandment. {A.-S.) BEDEADEl). Slain ; made dead. BEDEET. Dirtied. North. BEDELL. A servitor ; perhaps, bailitT. Siplton. The MS. Bodl. 175 reads Aerfc/, Chester Plays, i. yf), in place of keydell in Mr. Wriglit's MS. BEDEN. Prayers. {A.-S.) liedes, petitions, occurs in the list of old words prefixed to Bat- man uppon Bartholome, 1582. BEDKNE. Immediately; moreover; collec- tively ; continuously ; forthwitli. Tliis word is used in a variety of senses, sometimes appa- rently as a mere expletive. All the above meanings are conjectural, and derived from the context of passages in which the word occms. BEDERED. Bed-ridden. Prompt. Parv. BEDERKID. Darkened. But whaone the blake wynter nyjte, Withoute mone and stcrre lyjte, Bederkid bath the water stronde, Alle prively they gone to londe. Golfer, MS. Sue. M\liq. 134. f. 46. BEDEVIL. To spoil anything. South. A per- son who is frequently convicted of vile con- duct, is said to be bedeviled. BEDEWITH. Wetteth. Chaucer. BED-FAGGOT. A contemptuous term for a bedfellow. East. BEDFELLOW. It was formerly customary for men even of the highest rank to slee]) toge- ther ; and the term bedfellow iniplietl great in- timacy. Dr. Forman, in his MS. .\utoliiogra- phy, mentions one Gird as having been his bedfellow, MS. Ash. 208. Cromwell is said to have obtained much of his intelligence during the ci\il wars from the common men with whom he slept. BEDFERE. A bedfellow. Ben Jonsou has bed-pheere, as quoted by Nares. That ;c schulle ben his owcn derc. And he schallc be jowre brdfere. Cower, MS. Soc. Aniiq. 134, f. 189. BEDGATT. Command ? Thro balcfuUe blrdez his brochez they turne, That byddt'Z his tiedf^urt, his l)yddyn(i to wyrche. Morlt Arthurt, .VS. Lincoln, t. 64. BEDIZENED. Dressed out. far. dial. BED-JOINTS. Joints of stone that lie in the beds of rocks. Derbysh. BEDLA.M-UEGGARS. A class of vagrants, more fully noticed under their other appella- tion, Toms of lieillam, i|. v. See several notices in Malone's Shakesfieare, x. 101. They ^^erc also called bedlams, bedlamers. and bodlaniilcs, which came to be generic terms for fools of all classes. " licdlem madiicsse" is the transla- tion of furor in the Nonicnclalor, p. 121, which may serve to illustrate a passage in 2ilcnry VI. iii. 1. BEDLAWYR. A bed-ridden person. Prompt. Parv. BEDLEM. Bethlehem. BEDMATE. A bedfellow. UED-MINIOX. A bardash. See Florio, in v. Caramita, Concitbino. BEDOLED. Stupified with pain. Devon. BEDOLVEN. Digged. Skinner. liEDO.M. Craved; demanded. Rob. Glouc. p. 143. BEDONE. Mrought ; made up. Percy. BEDOTE. To make to dote; to deceive. Chaucer. BEDOUTE. Redoubted. Above all men he was there moste brdoute. Hardi/ng'a ClironMc, (. 169. BEDPRESSER. A dull heavy fellow. UE-DRABYLYD. Dirtied ; wetted. It is trans- lated by paludosus in Prompt. Parv. pp. 28, 283. Carr has drabble-tail, a woman whose petticoats are wet and dirtv. BEDR.\DDE. Dreaded. Chaucer. BEDRAULED. Defiled. Skinner. BEDUEDE. Bedridden. Chaucer. BEDREINTE. Drenched. Chaucer. BEDREPES. Days of work performed in harvest time by the customary tenants, at the bidding of their lords. See CuUum's llawsted, 1784, p. 189. BEDS. The game of hop-scotch. North. BEDS-FOOT. The plant mastic. Skinner. BE1)-STEDDLE. A bedstead. Essex. BED-SUSTEK. One who shares the bed of the husband ; the concubine of a married man iu relation to the legitimate wife. See Rob. Glouc. p. 27, quoted by Stevenson. BEDSWERVER. An adultress. Shak. BED-TYE. Bed-tick. IVesl. BKDUELE. To deceive. {A.-S.) BEDWARD. Towards bed. Nares. BEDWEN. A birch tree. Il'est. BEDYNER. An otKcer. {I)ut.) Lyare wes mi latymer, Sleuthe ant slep mi bedt/ner. Wrighfa Li/Hc Poetry, p. 49. BEE. A jewel. See Cooper, in v. Monile ; Morte d'Artbur, i. 243. BEE-BAND. A hoop of iron which cncirelc- the hole in the beam of a plough where the coidter is fixed. North. BEE-BEE. A nurscrv song. Yorksh. BEE-BIKE. A nest of wihl bees. North. BEE-BIKI). The willow wren. Var. dial. BEE-BRE.\D. A brown acid substance with which some of the cells in a honeycomb are tilled. Var. dial. See Bei'.ylue. BEi;-Bb'T. A bee-hive. Somerset. BEECH-COAL. A peculiar kind of coal used by alchemists. See Ben Jonson, iv. 52. BEECllGALL. A hard knot on the leaf of the beech containing the nniggiit of some insect. BEE-DROVE. A great crowd of men, or any other creatures. East. MEEUY. A chicken. Var. dial. BEEDY'S-EYES. The pansy. Somerset. BEEF. An ox. {Fr.) So Aei/W, a young ox, as in Ilolinshcd, Dcsc. Scotland, p. 20. BEE 158 BEG BEEF-EATERS. The yeomen of the gvmrd. The name is said to he corrupted from beauf- fetiers. See Boucher, in v. BEEFING. A hullock fit for slaughter. Suffolk. BEE-GLUE. According to Florio, in v. Pi-o- voHo, " a solide matter, and yet not perfect wa^, wherewith hees fence the entrance o{ their liives to keepe out the mnde or cold. BEE-HIVE. A wattled straw-chair, common among cottagers. JTest. BEEK. A rivulet. North. BEEKED. Covered with dirt, ^ort/l. BEEKNE. A heacon. Prompt. Parv. BEELD (1) Shelter. North. Sometimes a shed for cattle is called a bedding, and is said to be heeldy. This is merely a later form ot (2)*TohuIld. North. " Beeldj-nge" occurs in Prompt. Parv. p. 35. BEELE. A kind of pick-axe used in separating the ore from the rock. BEE-LIPPEN. A bee-hive. Somerset. BEEM. See Beam. BEEN. (1) Bees. [J.-S.) See Chaucer, Cant. T. 10518 ; Piers Ploughman, p. 493. fZI Property ; wealth. Tusser. (2.) The plural of the present tense of the verb to he Sometimes, have been. In some dialects, it is equivalent to l,ecause; and it also occurs as a contracted form of iy htm. (4) Nimble; clever. Lane. Grose has bienl;/, excellently. (5) A withy hand. Devon. BEENDE. Bondage. BEENSHIP. Worship; goodness. BEER. Force; might. Chesk. More, MS. ad- ditions to Uay, has, " to take beer to goe back that you may leape farther 'See al^o Kennetfs Glossary, MS. Lansd. 10J3. BEERE. A bier. Prompt. Parv. BEER-GOOD. Yeast. East. BEERNESS. A beer-cellar, ^orth. BEERY. Intoxicated. Wariv. BEES fl') "To have bees in the head, a phrase meaning, according to Nares, to__be choleric " To have a bee in the bonnet, is a nhrase of similar import, or sometimes means to be a Uttle crazy. Toone gives a Leicestershire proverb, " as busy as bees m a bason." See also Jamieson's Suppl. in v. Bee. (2\ The thml person sing, and all the pi. future ^ tense of the verb to be. North. The ten- dency of this dialect is to change th {A.-S.) into s. (4) FUes. Line. CS) Cows. North. BEESEN. Bhnd. Line. A common expres- sion, " as drunk as a beesen." " \\'nllo Aeez.« the vine zight," wiU you he bhnd to the fine sight, Fairholfs Pageants, u. 101. Spelt Sce- some in the early editions of Coriolaims, u. 1. BEESKIP. A bee-hive. West. BEES-NEST. A kind of flax. Skinner. BEESNUM. Be they not. West. BEESTAILE. Cattle. Beestnile thei had ynouje 1 wot. Cursor Mundi. MS. Trin. Coll. C««laK f. 16. BEET A beet of flax, translated by limfiangt- bula in Skinner. For other meanings see BWe. BEET-AXE. The instrument used in beelnig ground in denshering. Devon. BEETHY. Soft, sticky ; in a perspiration. Un- derdone meat is caUed beethy. Duncumb ex- plains it " withered." Herefordsh. BEETLE A heavy wooden mallet, used tor various' purposes. A " three man beetle," savs Nares, was one so heavy that it required ihiet men to manage it, two at the long han- dles and one at the head. HoUyband, in his Dictionarle, 1593, mentious " a beetle which launth-ers do use to wash their buck and clothes." , ,, . , BEETLE-BROWED. Having brows that hang over. Shakespeare uses the verb beetle, Ham- let i 4 Cf. Piers' Ploughman, p. 88 ; Uu Bai-tas, p. 652 ; HoweU, sect. 21 ; Rom. and Juhet, i. 4. , ci , I BEETLE-HEADED. Dull; stupid. SAnA. In Dorsetshire, the miUer's thumb is caUed a hecttehead. BEETLE-STON. The cantharides. Florio. BEETNEED. Assistance in the hour of distress. North. . f J Q BEFAWN. To surround ; to seize. (A.-X) Ami yf [je] see a schyppe of palroe, Then svlle to them befawn. its. Caitlab. Ff . ii. 38, f. 98. BEFET. A buffet ; a blow. {A.-N.) BEFFING. (1) Barking. Line. (2) Burning land after it is pared. North. BEFIGHT. To contend. Surrey. BEFILIN. To defile. BE FILL. Befell. {A.-S.) BEFLAYNE. Flayed. Oute of his sliyn he was beflayne Alle quili, and in th.it wise slayne. Gower, its. Soc.Antiq. 134, f. 212. BEFLECKE. To streak ; to spot. ■Why blush you, and why with vermilion tamt Beflecke your cheelis 1 TurbevileS Oi'id,1667, f. 131. BEFON. To befall ? Towneley Myst. BEFORE To take before one. " Shall I take that before me ?" that is, " shall I take it with me when I go there ?" Kent. BEFOREN. Before. {A.-S.) Beforn is com- mon in early works, and in the dialects of the present day. BE-FOTE. On foot. Prompt. Parv. BEFROSE. Frozen. Over Daunby thillie flood, Whiche alie befrote than stood. Gower, 3tS. Sac. Aiitiq. 134, f. 73. BEFT. Struck ; beaten. Gaw. BEFYCE. Beau fils. See Prompt. Parv. p. 28, piilcherfilius ; and Ritson's Met. Rom. m. 2aC. This generic name is often adopted m the ola romances. BEFYLDE. Dirtied. I praye you therfore hertyly, Th.1t you wyli take it padently, For I am aU befi/lde. The ViilucJlie Fhinenlie. BEG 159 BEH BEG. To beg a person for a fool, was to apply to be bis guardian, under a writ de iiliola iii- quirendo, by which, if a man was legally proved an idiot, the profits of his land ami the custody of his person might be granted by the king to any subject. Nares. The custom is frequently alluded to by our old dramatists. BEGAB. To mock ; to deceive. BEGAXOWE. To out-gallop. That was a wyjt as any swalowe, Ther myjt no hors hym begatowe. MS. Oinlah. Ff. ii. 38, f. 124 BEGARED. Adorned. Skelton. BEGAY. To make gay. Beaumont. BEGAYGED. Bewitched. Deeon. BEGCHIS. Bitches. Cov. Myst. BEGE. Big. Gaw. BEGECK. A trick. Ritson. BEGENELD. A mendicant. Piers Ploughman. BEGETARE. A begetter. Prompt. Parv. BEGGAR. " Set a beggar on horseback, and he will ride to the jakes," a common proverl) ap- plied to those who have suddenly risen in wealth, and are too proud even to walk there. So that dy vers of our saylors were mucli offetulej , and sayd, set a begger on horsbacke and he wyl ryde unreasonablye. MS. Addit. 5008. BEGGAR-MY-NEIGHBOUR.Achildren'sgame at cards. The players throw a card alter- nately, till one throws a com-t card, the ad- versary giving one card for a knave, two for a queen, three for a king, and four for an ace, this proceeding being interrupted in the same manner if the other turns up a coml card or an ace, which generally makes the game an unreasonable length. BEGGAR'S-BUSIi. According to Slicge, a rendezvous for beggars. " To go by hcggar's bush," to go on the road to ruin. Beggar's bush w as also the name of a tree near London. Cleaveland, in his Midsummer Moon, p. 188, says, " if a man be a tree invers'd, lice's beg- gar's bush." See also the Two Angrie Women of Abingdon, p. 80. A similar plirase, " we are brought to begger staffe," occurs in the Plumpton CoiTespondence, p. 199. BEGGARS-BUTTO.XS. The hursott on the burdock. Devon. BEGGARS-NEEDLE. The shepherd's needle. Midland C. BEGGARS-VEIAET. The hght particles of down shaken from a feather-bed, and left by a sluttish housemaid to collect under it. East. The term beyyars' -bolts, stones, is of a similar formation. BEGGAR-WEED. Tlic com spurry. Beds. BEGGARY. Full of weeds. East. BEGHE. A crown ; a garland. {A.-S.) BEGILED. Beguiled. (.I.-N.) BEGINNYNGE. A principle. Chaucer. BEGIRDGE. To grudge. Somerset. BEGKOT. Foolish. (^.-A^.) Benkiit. an briilr, Rcdc him at ride In the dihnialc, iViluM'i Pulilical Songs, p. ."Ii'.l. BECLE. Boldly.' The iiarasyns were swythe Ktronge, And helde t'yght bcgU and longe. MS. Qmtab. Kf. il. 38, f. IM BEGLUED. Overcome. Lydgate. BEGO. To do; to perform. {A.-S.) In the following passages, used for begon, part. pa. And tolde him how hit was bego. Of is wele and of is wo. Betes of Hamtoun, ]>. 77. The erthe it is. whiche evemio With mannis laboure is bego. Goiter, MS. Sue. Aniiq. 134, f. .I;! BEGON. Adorned. Frequently used in this sense. See Reliq. Antiq. ii. 19 ; Illustrations of Fairy Mythology, ]). 59 ; Kom. of the Rose, 943. "Then we have, wel begon, in a g'/od way ; «'o begon, far gone in woe ; worse beyon, in a worse way, &;c. BEGONE. Decayed ; worn out. East. BEGON.XE. Begun. {A.-S.) BEGORZ. A vulgar oath. Somerset. Perhaps more generally pronounced beyosh. " Begimi- niers" is another oath of similar formation. BEGRAVE. Buried. {A.-S.) Into the groullde, where alle gone, This ded lady was bef^rave. Gower, MS. Soc. Antiii. 134, f. 67. BEGREDE. To cry out against. {A.-S.) Be- grad occurs in Ellis's Met. Rom. iii. .')1. Launcelot of tressoii they be-gredde, Callyd hyin fals and kyngys traytoure. MS. HaH.aSii. f. 108. BEGRUMPLED. Displeased. Somerset. BEGUILED. Covered with guile. Shat. BEGUINES. A sort of nuns. Skinner. BE-GYFTE. Gave. Thefe, where haste thou my oxen done Tliat y the he-giifle. MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. .W, f. 86. BEGYN. A biggin. Reliq. Antiq. ii. 74. BEGYNGGE. Careful. {A.-S.) A bi'gyn^ge gome, gameliche gay. Reliq. Antiq. ii. 8. BEH. Bent ; inclined. (.^.-5.) UEllALT. Beheld. Ueber. BEH^VLVE. Half; side, or part. (.^.-5.) BEHAPPEN. Pcrliaps. Salop. BEllATED. Hated ; exceedingly hated. The term occurs in the Morte d'Arthur, ii. 82 ; Stanihurst's Description of Ireland, pp. 3-1, 4-1 , Palsgrave's .\colastus, 1540. It is the syno- nyme of Italy, and translated by e.iosus in Prompt. Parv. i>. 222, the former of w liich has no connexion with A.-S. healic. Sec //aly, BEHAVE. To manage; to govern, generally in point of behaviour. The substantive beliaiiour seems used in a collateral sense in King John, i. 1. BEHEARD. Heard. Sec Percy's Reliques. p. 23; Robin Hood, i. 123. Ful wcl bebfid now Rchall It he, And also beloved in many c*)ntre. MS. c. c. c. c. m. BE-HELIED. Covered. {.i.-S.) See Ellis's Met. Uom. ii. 258; Kichard Cocrde Lion, 558t;. I'.E-llERTE. By heart ; with memory. Prompt. Parv. BEHEST. (1) A promise. {A.-S.) Sec Chancer, BEJ ICO BEL Cant. T. 4-lCl ; Maundevile's Travels, p. 1 ; Harrowing of Hell, p. 27, spelt byhihstes. (2) An order ; a command. BEHETE. To promise. {A.-S.) See Chaucer, Cant. T. 1856; Chester Plays, i. 31. The empcrowrs modur let calle a knave. And hym fttftefrgrete mede to have, MS. Omtab. Ff. il. 38, f. 83. He had a quene that hyghte Margaret, Trewe ae stele, y yow bcfiett. Ibid. f. 71- BEHEWE. Coloured. {A.-S.) BEHIGHTE. To promise. {A.-S.) Behighten, pa. t. pi., Chaucer, Cant. T. 11639 ; Maunde- vile's Travels, p. 3. BEllINT. Behind. North. BEHITUER. On this side. Sussex. It is also an archaism. See Nares, in v. Somerset- shire carters say lelher to their horses, when they wish them to move towards their side. BEHOLDINGNESS. Obligation. Webster. BE-HONGYD. Hung with tapestry. Weber. BEHOOVEFULL. Useful ; profitahle. See Key- wood's Apology for Actors, 1612 ; Brit. Bibl. i. 20. Ash gives the form behoorable. BEHOTYN. To promise. Prompt. Parv. BEHOTYNGE. Promising. Maundevile. BEHOUNCED. Finely diessed; smart with finery. Es.\ej: Kennett says " ironically ap- plied," MS. Lansd. 1033. BEHOVE. Behoof; advantage. {A.-S.) Her bei^inneth the Prikke of Love That profitable is to soule behove. Venum MS. f. 265. BEHOVELY. Profitable. {A.-S.) See Troilus and Creseide, ii. 261. It is behovety for to here. MS Sue. Jnliq. 13i, f. 53. BEIIUNG. Hung about, as a horse with bells. Kennett, MS. Lansd. 1033. BEIE. Both. {A.-S.) Agein to bataille thei wente. And foughten battle togidere bcie. Never on of other ne stod eie, Otuel, p. 47. BEIGH. A jewel ; an ornament. {A.-S.) This word, which occurs under various forms, sometimes h.is the signification of a ring, a bracelet, or a collar for the neck. BEIGHT. Anrthing bent, but generally applied to the bend of the elbow. North. BEILD. (1) See Beld. Land o live, o ro and rest. Wit blis and beitd broiden best. MS. Cott. Vefpaa. A. iii. f ?■ (2) A handle. Yorksh. BEILDIT. Imaged ; formed. Gaw. BEING. (1) Because. Var. dial. (2) An abode ; a lodging. East. BEINGE. Condition. Weber. BEIRE. (1) Of both. Rob. Glouc. (2) Bare. Ibid. BE JADE. To weary ; to tire. Milton. BE J APE. To ridicule, make game of. {A.-S.) See Chaucer, Cant. T. 16853; Troilus and Creseide, i. 532 ; v. 1119. But covertly ye of your dewbilncs B'jitpeu hem thus, al day ben men blyndyd. ilS. Faitfai Iti. He was lest worth in lovis ye. And most bejapid in his witte. Cower, US. Soc. Aniiq. 134, f. 53. BEK. To beckon. {A.-S.) That he fele on his hors nek. Him to heveden thai gan to bek. Arthour and Merlin, p. 193. BEKE. The brim of a hat or hood ; anything standing out firm at the bottom of a covering for the head. The term has not yet been explained. The above is conjectural from the passages in which the word occurs in Strutt, ii. 212 ; Planche, p. 231 ; Rutland Papers, p. 6 ; Brit. BiU. iv. 27. BEKEANDE. Warming ; sweating. Ritson. See Ywaine and Gawin, 1459; bekynge, Morte d' Arthur, i. 139. BEKENE. A beacon. {A.-S.) BEKENEDEN. Beckoned. WicMiffe. BE-KENNE. To commit to. {A.-S.) This lettrefcc-teride Alexander to the knyghtis of Darius, and the peper also, and bad thame here thame to the emperour: and he gaffe thame grete gyftes and riche, and sent thame furthe. MS. Liueoln A. i. 17, f. 9. And thou, his derlyng. His modir in kepyug To the he be-kende. Ibid. f. 231. BEKERE. To skirmish ; to fight. Spelt bekire in SjT Gawayne, another form of bicker. See also Prompt. Parv. p. 36. BEKINS. Because. Dorset. BEKKYS. Begs. Towneley Myst. BEKNE. A beacon. Prompt. Parv. BEKNOWE. To acknowledge; to confess. {A.S.) See Catalogue of Douce MSS. p. 7 ; Chaucer, Cant. T. 1558, 5306 ; Richard Coer de Lion, 1700; Amis and AmUoun, 1279; Octovian, 1810. See Bi-knowen. And thanne, yf y be for to wite, I woUe beknowen what it is. Ooiver, MS. Sor. Antiq. 134, f. 42. BEKNYNGE. A beckoning. Prompt. Parv. BEKUR. Fight ; battle ; skirmish. And yf he myght of hy.n be sekure, Odur in batell or in bekur. MS. Cantnb. Ff. ii. 38, f. 217. And 5yf y He that yche bfki/r, Y hope than y may be sekyr. MS. Harl. 1701, f. 52. BEL. Beautiful. (.^.-A'.) BELACOIL. A friendly reception. Spenser. Chancer has bialacoit, q. v. BELAFTE. Left; remained. As hyt was Goddys owne wylle. The lyenas betafu the chyKle stylle. MS. Cautab. Ff. ii. 31i, f. 84. Whan he for luste his God refusetii. And took him to the develis t:raft-% Lo what profit him is beiufce. Cower, MS. Soe. .4»liq. 134, f. 191. BELAGGED. Tired. BE-LAGGYD. Dirtied; wetted. Prompt. Parv. BELAM. To beat. See Cotgrave in v. Cha- peron ; Famous Victories, p. 320. X country lad h.id slept aside with a wench, and done I know not what ; but his father inainty 'j -- Itinib'd him for the fact, the wench prooving after- ward with child. tVtti, Fitlea, and Fancies, 1595, p. 14t>. BEL 161 BEL BELAMOUR. A fair lover. Spetiser. BEL-A.MY. Fair friend. {A.-N.) See Harts- horne's .Met. Talcs, p. 107; Cliester Plays, i. 151 ; Wright's Pol. Songs,]). 2U0 ; Towiie- ley Mysteries, p. 70; Chaucer, Cant. T. 12252; YwaiueandGawiu, 278; SirTristrem, p. 161 ; Rob. Glouc. p. 390. Belumi/, he seyde, how longe Shel thy folye y-Iastc ? MS. Oil!. Trin. Ozon. 5?. Belamye, and thou cowdyst hyt layne, A cownselle y wo]de to the sayne. MS. Cantaii. Ff. ii. 38, f. 63. BELAPPED. Surrounded. Owte of the wode they came anon. And bclapped us everychon. MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 195. BELAST. Bound. The seid James Skidmore is helaat and withholden toward the seid Sir James for an hole yeer to do him service of werre in the perties of France and of Normandie, Arch. xvii. 214. BELATED. Benighted. Milton. Generally retarded. See Miege, iu v. BELAVE. To remain. {A.-S.) For nought Beves Dolde Wtave, The heter hors a woldc have. Bevet of Hamtoutit p. 70. BELAY. (1) To fasten. A sea term. The master shewyng us that by neglygens of some to fcc/rty the hayliTS, the mayn yerd had fawin down and lyke to have kyld three or four. MS. Addit. mw. (2) To flog. I\'ort/ianij)t. BELAYE. To surround. Roll. Glouc. BELAYED. Covered. Spenser. BELCH. (1) SmaU beer. Yorksh. (2) To remove the indurated dung from sheep's tails. Somerset. BEL-CIIOS. Pudendum femina^. (A.-N.) See a curious account in MS. Addit. 12195, f. 158 ; Chaucer, Cant. T. 6029, 6092. BELCHYN. To decorate. Prompt. Pan. BELCONE. A balcony. BELDAME. A grandmother. Formerly a term of respect. Spenser uses it in its original French signification, fair lady. Kennett, Mi;. Lansd. 1033, " an old woman tliat lives to see a sixth gener.ttioii descended from her." BELDE. (1) Protection; shelter; refuge. {A-S.) See Lc lionc Florence of Rome, 1721; Sir Perceval, 1112, 1413, 1921; Minot's Poems, p. 27. Si ill in use in the North. For thou niyghte in thalre bale Ucatc be thaire bctde. MS. Linciiln A. 1. 17, f. 233. (2) To protect ; to defend. See Ywaine and Gawin, 1220; Lay le Frcine, 231. Perhap.s in the last instance to encourage. Sometimes spelt ii/ttle, as in Sir Eglamour, 3. (3) Hold. {A.-S.) See Lybeaus Disconus, 2123; Kyng Alisaunder, 5004. (4) Build; natural strength. " Stronge of helde," strongly Imilt, as we say of persons strongly formed by nature. Mr. Utte^son'^ explanation, i. 104, is quite right, although questionid in the new cdilion of Douehir. "To bclde," to increase iu size and strength. Bi a chllde of litil belde Overcomen 1 am in rayn elde. Ctiraor Mundi, MS. Cull. Trin. Cantab, t. 7*. rhys mayde wax and bygan to belde Weyl ynto womans elde. MS. Harl. 1701 , f. 64. (5) To build ; hence, to inhabit. Whenne oure saules schalle parte, and sundyre ffra the Ijody Ewyre to beldc and to byde in blysse wyth hymeselvene. Murte Arthurc, MS. Lincoln A. 1. 17, f,53. In Sedoyne In that riche contree, Thare dare na mane bclde nor be. For dowt of a bare. US. Lincoln A. 1. 17, f. 140. (6) Formed .' But cowardly, with royall hoste hym beld. Upon hym came all sodeinly to fight. Hardyng't Chronicle, f. 147. BELDER. To roar; to bellow. North. Bel- derer, a roarer. BELDYNG. Building. (A.-S.) BELE.(l) Fair; good. (^.-A:) SeetheArchs- ologia, xxiii. 342. (2) Bad conduct. Line. BELEAKINS. By the Lady kin ! North. BELEAWD. Betrayed. Verstegan. BELE-CHERE. Good companv. (A.-N.) BELEDDY. By our Lady! L'eic. BELEE. To shelter. Shak. BELEF. A badge.' Gatv. BELEVAND. Remaining, i. e. alive. See Tor- rent of Portugal, 359. {A.-S.) BELEVE. Behef {A.-S.) See Chaucer, Cant. T. 3456 ; Dodsley, xu. 335. BELEYED. Left. Chaucer. BELEVENESSE. Faith. Prompt. Parv. BELEWYNGE. The belling of the hiui. And Ihei syngeth in thaire langage that yn Englonde hunters caile belewynge, as men that lovcth paramoures. MS. Bodl. 546. BELEYN. Besieged. Whan nobille Troy was beleyn And overcome, and home ajcn 'l"he Grekis tumid fro the segc. liuwer, MS. Soc. Antiq. 134, f. 96. Aboute Thebes, where he lay, Whanne it of siege was belcpn. Ibid. f. il. BELFRY'. (1) A temporary shed for a cart or waggon in the fields or by the road side, hav- ing an upright jiost at each of the four corn- ers, and covered at the top with straw, goss, &c. Line. This word, which is curious for its connexion with bvrfreij, was given mc by the Rev. James Adcock of Lincoln. (2) Apparently jiart of a woman's dress, men- tioned in l.vdgate's Minor Poems, p. 201. BELC;. To bellow. Somerset. liKLCJARDS. Beautiful looks. Spender. UELtiRA.NDl'ATilER. A great great grand- father. liELIER. Just now. Somerset. liliLIKE. Certainly; likely; perhaps, f'ar.dial. liishop Hall has belikety liKI.IME. To ensnare. Dent. IU:-LITTi:|{. To bring forth achild. It is trans- l.ilcd Ijy fiifnmilir in Reliq. .\nlii|. ii. 78. BELIVE. (1) In the evening. North. This cx- 11 BEL 162 BEL planation is given by Ray, Meritou, and the n-riter of a letter dated March 13th, 1697, in MS. Lansd. 1033. (2) Quickly; immediately; presently. A common term in early English. BELKE. To belch. North. See Towneley Myst. p. 314 ; Dent's Pathway, p. 139 ; Elyot, in v. Enicto, " to bealke or breake wynde oute of the stomake." BELKING. Lounging at length. Line. BELL. (1) A roupie at the tip of the nose. Pahgraee. (2) The cry of the hart. See Hunter's Hallam- shire Glossary, p. 11. It is, properly speak- ing, the cry made by that animal at rutting time. (3) To swell. See a curious charm in Pettigrew on .Medical Superstitions, p. 80; Beves of Hamtoun, p. 102 ; Legendae Catholicie, p. 231. (4) Bell, book, and candle ; the form of excom- munication in the church of Rome, ending by closing the book against the offender, e.\tin- guishing the candle, and ringing the bell. Hence the oath. See Reliq. Antiq. i. 1 ; Ywaine and Gawin, 3023. (5) " To bear the bell," a common phrase mean- ing to carrj' off the prize. See Gov. Myst. p. 189 ; Troilus and Creseide, iii. 199. BELLAKIN. Bellowing. North. BELLAND. This word is used in two senses, 1. applied to ore when reduced to powder ; 2. its pernicious effects on men and animals by their imbibing the small particles of ore. North. BE LL.\RM IN. A burlesque word used amongst drinkers to express a stout bottle of strong drink. Miege. BELLART. A bear-leader. Chest. BELL-BIT. The bit of a bridle made in the form of a bell. Miege. BELLE. (1) A mantle? See Wright's Seven Sages, jip. 78, 84 ; Anecd. Lit. p. 12 ; Awntiu-s of Arthure, xxix. 3. (2) To roar. (A.-S.) (3) A clock. Cov. Myst. (4) .\ bonfire. Gav. BELLE-BLOME. The daffodil. {A.-N.) Still called the bellflower in some counties. BELLE-CHERE. Good cheer. {A.-N.) BELLEN. To swell. See Bell. BELLE3ETER. A bell-founder. Prompt. Parv. BELLIBONE. A fair maid. Spenser. UELLIBORION. A kind of apple. East. BELLICAL. Warlike. (Lat.) BELLICH. Well. See an old glossary in Rob. Glouc. p. 647. Fairly.' BELLICON. One addicted to the pleasures of the tabic. North. BELLICUIS. Warlike. Smith. BELLIN. To roar ; to bellow. North. BELLITUDE. Fairness. {Lot.) BELL-KITE. A protuberant body. North. BELLMAN. A watchman. Part of his office was to bless the sleepers in the houses that he passed, which was often done in verse, and hence our bellman's verses. BELLOCK. To bellow, when beaten or fright- ened. I'ar. dial. BELLONED. Asthmatic. North. BELLOSE. Warlike, (laf.) BELLOWFARMER. A person who had the care of organs, renals, &c. BELLRAG. To scold. Herefordsh. BELLRAGGES. A species of water-cresses, mentioned by Elyot, in v. Latter. BELLS. •' Give her the bells, and let her fly," an old proverb taken from hawking, meaning that when a hawk is good for nothing, the bells are taken off, and it is suffered to escape ; applied to the dismissal of any one that the owner has no longer occasion for. See ReUq. Antiq. i. 27 ; Patient Grissel, p. 16. BELL-SOLLER. The loft in a church on which ringers stand. North. BELL-WEDDER. A fretful child. North. BELLY. (1) The widest part of the vein of a mine. North. (2) A whale. {But.} (3) Carr gives the Craven phrase, " belly-go- lake thee," take tbv fill, indulge thy appetite. BELLY.VTERE. A bellfounder. Prompt. Parv. BELLY-B.\ND. A girth to secure a cart-saddle. North. BELLYCHE. Fairlv. (^.-A'.) BELLYCHEAT. An apron. Ash. BELLY-CLAPPER. A dinner beU.> See Flo- rio, in v. Battdglio, Battifolle. BELLY-FRIEND. An insincere friend ; a per- son who pretends friendship for purposes of his own. Miege. BELLY-GOD. A glutton ; an epicure. BELLY-HARM. The choUc. Belly-holding, a crving out in labour. Devon. BELLY -NAKED. Entirely naked. See the Basyn, six.; Cotgrave, in v. Fin, Tout ; Frier and the Boy, ap. Ritson, p. 49. I am aU together lefte bare, or I am lefte Starke bety-naked, or lefte as naked as my nayle, scry wretche that 1 am ! Wyll ye not leave me a lyltell garment, or asory wede, to hyde my tayle withal. Aaolusttis, 1540. BELLY-PIECE. A thin part of a carcase near the bellv. North. BELLYS.' BeUows. BELLY-SHOT. A term applied to cattle, ac- cording to Kennett, MS. Lansd. 1033, " when cattle in the winter, for want of warmth and good feeding, have their guts shrunk up." BELLY-TI.MBER. Food." Var. dial. Scott puts this word into the mouth of a distin- guished euphuist, Monastery, ed. 1830, i. 222. BELLY-VENGEANCE. Small beer. Var. dial. BELLY-WANT. A bellv-band. Hants. BELLY-WARK. The chohc. North. BELOKE. Fastened ; locked. {A.-S.) And how in grave he was beloke. And how that he hath helle broke. Gower, MS. Snc. Antiq. 134, f. 83. BELOKED. Beheld. Octovian, 1046. BELONGINGS. Endowments. Shak. BELOOK. To weep. Beds. BELOUKE. To fasten ; to lock up. See Beloie. BEM 163 BEN It occurs in this sense in MS. Cott. Vespas. 1). vii., but perhaps to perceive in Beves of Ham- toun, p. 60. BELONM. To abuse roughly. BEL-PEROPIS. Fairjewels. Skinner. BELSCHYD. Decorated. Prompt. Parv. BELSH. Rubbish ; sad stufT. I.iitc. BEL-SHANGLES. .V cant term, used by Kemp, in his Nine Daies Wonder, 1600, where he mentions himself as '* head-master of Morrice- dauncers, high head-borough of lieighs, and onely trickcr of vour trill-hlles, and best 4c/- ahangles betweene Sion and mount Surrey." BELSlRt. A grandfather; an ancestor. {.4.-N.) BELSIZE. Bulky ; large. East. BEL-SWAGGER. A swaggerer ; a bully. Ac- cording to Ash, a whoremaster, who also gives the term bellyswagger, " a bully, a hectoring fellow." BELT. (1) To beat; to castigate. Salop. (2) To shear the buttocks and tails of sheep. Midland C. (3) Built. Yorish. (4) An axe. Prompt. Parr. (5) A course of stones projecting from a wall. Iiritt07i. BELTAN. The first of May. Nort/i. Kennett, MS. Lansd. 1033, gives the proverb, " You'l have wor bodes ere Belton." The ceremonies of the beltan were kept up in Cumberland in the last century, l)ut are now discontinued. A full account of them will be found injamieson. BELTER. A prostitute. \orl/i. BELUTED. Covered with mud. Sterne. BELVE. (l; To (h-ink greedily. North. (2) To roar ; to bellow. Somerset. In old Eng- lish, we have belwe, as in Piers Ploughman, p. 222. BELWORT. The name of a herb. InMS. Sloane 5, f. 3, the Latin name given is acandtts, and in f. 8, pullimoiiaria, the word being spelt belleu'ort in the latter instance. BELWYNGE. A bellowing. (.-/.-S.) It schulde st-me as ttiouje it were A bctuyu^'e in a manniscre. Uower, MS. Sue. Antig. 134, f. 214. BELYES. Bellows. (A.-S.) And alle this undir the bynke thay thrastc. And with thayre btli/aa thay blewc ful faste. Jl/i-.i,ii,c«;n A.I. 17, f. 128. BELYKLYIIOD. Probability. 1 liow may her u tale lull badly told, .\nd of a goodly man beli/kltjhint of ehere. US. Ixiiid. 4111, f. 3!l. BELYMMED. Disfigured. Skelton. BELY'NG. Suppuration. See ISeal. BEM. A beam ; a pillar. In bum of cU)ude ieh ladde the. And to I'ylatciliou ladde.t me. Reliq. Anliq. il. 22C. BEMANGLE. To mutilate. BEMASEl). Stunned ; astounded. He rose up, as 1 saye nowc, And lefte uh lyinge I wote ncre howe, Al brmdArii in a Kuunc, A* we bade bene stickcd swyne, C/mUr I'lai/t, 11. U.I. BEME. (1) Bohemia. i^A.-S.) See Miuot's Poems, p. 16; Skelton, iL 340; Planche's Costume, p. 163. (2) A trumpet. {A.-S.) BEMEENE. To mean. Lady, they styde, Hevyn quene, ^\'hat may all thys sorowe bt^meefie 9 JUS. Cantab. Kf. U. 38, f. 189. BEMEN. Trumpets. (A.-S.) BEMENE. To lament ; to pity. (A.-S.) See Ellis's Met. Rom. ii. 14, iii. 123. BE-METE. To measure. Sha/c. BEMOIL. To dirty; to soU. S/iai. BEMOISTEN. To moisten. See the Brit. Bibl. iii. ad fin. p. xxxvi. BEMOLE. A term in music, B moUe, soft or flat. The w*ord occurs in Skelton, and also in a curious poem on music, in Reliq. ^iutiq. i. 292. Bemy, ReUq. Antiq. i. b3, has appa- rently the same meaning. BEMON'STEK. To make monstrous. Shak. BEMOOKED. Dirtied; defiled. PaUgrate. BEMOONYD. Pitied. {A.-S.) Gye ys moi-he bemoonyd of all. In the erlys cowrte and in the kyngys hallc. MS. Cantab. Ff. ll. .38, f. 148. BE-MOTHERED. Concealed.' BE.MUSED. Dreaming; intoxicated. BEN. (1) Prompt; ready. Gaw. (2) Oil of Ben, an ointment formerly in great repute ; benzoin. See Dodsley, xii. 236 ; Nomenclator, p. 95; Cotgrave in y.iluscetlin; Howell, in v. Acorti; Florio, in v. Assa dulce. (3) Bees. {A.-S.) So f.Hste hii gonne aboute him echeve, A«e don ben aboute the heve. Beves of Haniloun, p. 66. (4) To be. {A.-S.) Ben is the pres. pi. and part. pa. of this verb. {h) Goods. Hob. Ulouc. {(,) Well ; good. Weber. (7) In; into. Yorksh. (8) The " true ben," the utmost stretch or bend. Exmoor. (9) The truth. Devon. (10) A figure set on the top of the last load of the harvest immediately in front, dressed up with ribbons, &c. as a sort of Ceres. Norf. BENAR. Better. An old cant term. See Dodslev, vi. 109 ; Earle's Microcosmograpbv, p. 255. BEN.VTURE. A vessel containing the holy water. William Bruges, Garter King of Arms, 11 19, bequeaths "a gret holy-water scoppe of silver, with a statf benature, the said bena- ture and statf weyng xx. nobles in plate and more." Test. Vetust. p. 26C. BEN-BAUFE. An old cant term, occurring in the Roaring Girl, 161 1. BENCH. A widow's bench, a share of the husbaiul's estate which a woman enjoys be- siiles her jointure. Sussex. See Kennctt's Glossary, MS. Lansd. 1033. BE.NCHED. Furnished with benches. Cbaucer. BENCHER. An idler; a person who spends his time on alc-hoiue bcncbes. BEN 164 BEN BENCH-FLOOR. In the coal mines of Wert- nesbury in Staffordshire, the sixth parting or laming in the body of the coal is called the bench-floor, 2 J ft. thick. Keimett, MS. Lanxd. BENCH-HOLE. The hole in a bench, ad le- vandum alvum. See Malone's Shakespeare, xii. 353 ; Webster's Works, iii. 254. BENCH-TABLE. A low stone seat round the inside of the walls of a church. This term is found only in the contract for the Fothering- gav church, printed by Dugdale. BENCH-WHISTLER. A sottish roUicksome idler, who spends his time chiefly on the ale- house bench. The term occurs iu Staniliurst's Description of Ireland, p. 24, and also in Kemp's Nine Dales Wonder, 1600 ; Lydgate's Minor Poems, p. 170. BEND. (1) A band of men. Line. It occurs in Huloet, 1552; Cooper, in v. Grex ; Arch, xxviii. 99. (2) A " lace bend" is described as " round of eight bowes" in a curious MS. quoted by Strutt, ii. 98. (3) Strong ox leather, tanned with bark and other ingredients, which give it a blue cast Nort/i. (4) A semicircular piece of iron used as part of a horse's harness to hold up the chains when ploughing. (5) Indurated clay. North. (6) The border of a woman's cap. North. It is also a term for a handkerchief, and Skinner explains it, " muffler, kercher or cawl." (7) A bond ; anything which binds. (A.-S.) BENDE. (1) A band or bandage; a horizontal stripe. (A.-N.) (2) Bondage. See Amis and Amiloun, 1233 ; Lybeaus Disconus, 252. Swete Fader, wath me is wo, I may not bringe the out of 6e?ide. MS. AiM. 113(17, f. 109. (3) Bent ; put down. Gaw. BENDED. Bound, ilaundevile. BENDEL. .\ band ; a stripe. (A.-N.) Steven. son, a bendlet. BENDING. Striping; making of bands, or stripes. Chaucer. BEND-LEATHER. A leather thong, according to Kennett, MS. Lansd. 1033. Boucher says, " what is elsewhere called sole-leather." A strong infusion of malt is said to be a neces- sarv inirredient in the tanning of bend-leather. BENDSFULL. Bundles. The frere lie liad bot barly stro. Two thake bendafuU without no. Bril. BM. Iv. 86. BENDWARE. Hardware. Slaffordsh. BENE. (1) To be. (A.-S.) (2) Well; fair; good. Gaw. Not quickly, as in the additions to Boucher. See Robson's Met. Rom. pp. 3, 14, 25. It is a cant term in the same sense, as in Earle's Microc. p. 253. (3) A bean. {A.-S.) In the following passage allusion is made to a game so called. Harlottes falleth to stonde on the flore, And pley som tyme ate spore. At the bene and at the cat, A foul play holde y that. MS. Bodl. 48, f. 174. (4) Bane ; destruction. Langtoft. (5) A prayer ; a request. {A.-S.) North conn, try nurses say to children, " clap bene," meaning, join your hands together to ask a blessing, to pray. Cf Reliq. Antiq. i. 113; Wright's Lyric Poetiy, p. 92 ; Ritson's Songs, L62. BENEAPED. Left aground by the ebb of the spring tides. South. BENEDAY. A prayer-day, conjectured to be sjTionymous with A.-S. bentiid, the rogation days. BENEDICITE. An exclamation, answering to our Bless us ! It was often pronounced as a trysillable, Bencite '. (Lat.) Bemte occurs in the Townelev Mysteries, p. 85. BENEDICTION-POSSET. The sack-posset which was eaten on the evening of the wed- ding day, just before the company retired. See Brand's Pop. Antiq. ii. 109. BENEFICE. A benefit. Hoccleve. In Har- rington's Nugae Antiqua;, i. 63, we have beiie- ficiallnes, beneficence. BENEFIT. A living ; a benefice. North. Ash has beneficial iu the same sense. BENEME. To take away ; to deprive. {A.-S.) For thou henemest me thilke jifte, Whiche lyeth noujt In thy myjte to schifte. Gomer, MS. Soc. Aniiq. 13J. f. 93. BENEMERENT. Well deserving. {Lat.) BENEMPT. Named ; called. Spetiser. BENERTH. The service which the tenant owed the landlord by plough and cart, so called in Kent. See Lambarde's Perambulation, ed. 1596, p. 212. BENET. One of the orders in the Roman Ca- thohc church, the exorcista, who cast out evil spirits by imposition of hands and asper- sion of holv water. Prompt. Part'. BENETllE. ' To begin. Coi: Myst. BENETOIRE. A cavity or small hole in the wall of a church, generally made near the door, as a receptacle for the vessel that con- tained the holy water. Boucher. See also Beyiature. BENEVOLENCE. A voluntary gratuity given by tlie subjects to the king. Blount. BEN'EWID. Enjoyed. (A.-S.) The presence every day benewidt He was with jiftis alle besnewid. G»(/. This Saxon form is given by Kcnnett, MS. Lansd. 1033. BEKCEL. A mark to shoot at. It is trans- lated by meta, and occurs under five ditl'crent forms, brrcel, berseel, bertel, bi/sselle, bersell, in the Promiit. Parv. \<\t. 32, 50. Mr. Steven- son, in his additions to Boucher, in v. Hirsrir/. has clearly shown the connexion of the word with (rcrni. bersen, to shoot, and has also i|noted iVoni the Prompt. Parv. MS, Marl. 221. Its synonyiue is obviously butt, and one is BEll 16G BER therefore somewhat surprised to find the editor of the Promptorium, p. 56, confusing the term with that applied to the ridgrs of a ploughed fiL'ld. See also berser and bersault in Roquefort. BERCELETTUS. Hounds. This is certainly the meaning of the word in Rohson's Ro- mances, p. 60, and may throw a doubt on the interpretation oibarcelett, q. v. See BarsMi/s. BERCEN. The barton of a house. This form of the word is given in MS. Gough, Wilts, 5, as current in M'iltshire. BERCIIE. Made of iron. HERD. A beard. (J.-S.) " Maugre his herd," in spite of him. " To run in one's berd," to offer opposition to. Langloff, BERDASH. A neck-cloth. The meaning of this term is doubtful. It occurs only in the Guardian. BERDE. (1) Margin ; brink. Prompt. Pai-v. (2) A ladv ; a young person. See Bird. BERDYD. Bearded. Prompt. Pare. BERE. (1) A noise ; a roar ; a cry. {A.-S.) See Hartshorne's Met. Tales, p. 99 ; Const, of Ma- sonry, p. 35 ; Gy of Warwike, p. 223 ; Towne- ley Myst. p. 109; Kyng Alisaunder, 550. Tho, seyde Befyse, heryste thou that y here ? 1 harUe nevyr a fowler beei-e ! MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 114. (2) To mate a noise. (A.-S.) To the pavylown he can hyra Wynne, And brevf ly can he 6ere. MS. Omtab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 92. (3) A bier. (A.-S.) " Broght on here," dead. Minot's Poems, p. 2i. (4') A pillow-case. Chaucer. (5) To bear ; to carry. {A.-S.) (6) A beard. Rob. Glouc. (7) To bear ; to produce. (8) A bear. {A.-S.) (9) To hear upon ; to allege ; to accuse. Tl'eber. See Gy of Warwike, p. 354. BERE. A berry. Take the jeuse of rewe, vyneacre, and oyle of roses, and berts of lorelle, and laye thame to thi hevede. It helpes wonderfully. MS. Lincoln. Med. I. 280. BERE-B.\G. One who bears a bag ; a term of contempt applied by Minot to the Sirotch. BEREDE. To adWse. Paktjrave. BERE-FRANKE. A wooden cage to keep a bear or hoar in. See M' right's Monastic Let- ters, p. 269. BEREING. Birth. BEREN. To bear. {A.-S.) BERENGER. The name of a bear. BERENT. To rent ; to tare. what wonder is it then if I bpyent my haires ? England's Heliom, p. 52. BERETTA. A kind of hood worn bv priests. See Hall's Satires, iv. 7. BERFREY. A moveable tower employed in sieges, generally made of wood. See Belfry. Alisaundre, and his folk alle, Faste asailed heore wallis, Myd beifi-fycs, with alle fiyn, Gef they myghte the cite wynne. Kyng Alisaunder , ^ul. BERGH. A hiU. yuksh. Thanne shaltow blenche at a bergh, Piera Ploughman, p. 112. BERGMOTE. A court upon a hill, which is held in Derbyshire for deciding pleas and contro- versies among the miners. BERGOMASK. A rustic dance, framed in imi- tation of the people of Bcrgamasco, a province in the state of Venice, who are ridiculed as be- ing more clownish in their manners and dialect than anv other people in Italy. Shak. BERHEGOR. Beer-aigre. In the Manners and Household Expences of England, p. 456, mention is made of " vij. galones berhegor." BERIALLIS. Beryls ; precious stones. BERIE. A grove ; a shady place. Harrington. Probably from A.-S. bearn, and merely another form of barrow, q. v. In the Prompt. Parv. p. 33, we have berive and berowe, a shadow. BERIEL. A buriah Also a tomb, a grave. See tbc quotation under ayere (3) ; Dial. Great. Moral, p. 88 ; Gov. Myst. p. 18 ; Sewn Sages, 2598. (A.-S. bvrgels.') BERING. (1) Birth. (A.-S) (2) Behaviour. (A.-S) BERINGE-LEPE. A basket. Prompt. Parv. BERISPE. To disturb. See the notes on Reynard the Fox, p. 191. BERKAR. One who barks. Prompt. Parv. BERKYN. To bark. Prompt. Parv. BERLINA. A pillory. Jomon. BERLY'. Barry, an heraldic term. Holme. BERME. Yeast. {A.-S.) See Chaucer, Cant. T. 16281 ; Liber Niger Domus Edw. IV. p. 70. BERMEN. Bar-men ; porters to a kitchen. {.i.-S.) This term is found in Havelok and Lavamon. BERMOOTHES. The Bermudas. Shak. BERMUD.\S. A cant term for certain obscure and intricate alleys, in which persons lodged who had occasion to hve cheap or concealed. They are supposed to have been the narrow passages north of the Strand, near Covent Garden. Bermudas also denoted a species of tobacco. Kares. BERN. (1) A man ; a knight ; a noble. Cf. Sir Degrevant, 500; Ritson's Ancient Songs, p. 44; Amis and Amiloun, 837 ; Reliq. Antiq. ii. 176. O Brut that bern bald of hand. The first conquerour of Ingland. MS Coll. Vespns. A. iii. f. 2. (2) A bairn ; a cliild. (A.-S.) Cf. Kyng Ali- saunder, 7556. Tho Havelok miete sei, Weilawei ! That evere was I kingesfcerw.' Havelok, ^"Jl, (3) A barn. {A.-S.) BERNACLE. A gag for the mouth of a horse. In bernacle and brydtll thou constreyne The chekys of them that nejeh the noujht. MS. Ashmole Cil, f. 110 BERNAK. (1) The barnacle goose. And as the bernak in the harde tree. MS. Jshmole 59, f. 158. (2) A bernacle, q. v. Prompt. Parv. BERNERS. Men who stood with relays in hunting. They were properly the men who fed the hotmds. BER 167 BES And thenoe every man that is theire, saf the bemcrt on foote and the chacechyt-ns, and the Ijrmneres, the whiche shulde be with hure houndes, and awayte upon hein yn a feyr grene there as Is a cold shadewe, sholde stonden afront yn alther syde the heed wtth roddes, that no hound come aboute nor on the sydes. MS, Bod/. 546. BERNYNDE. Burning. Manae that seth his hows bernynde. Hath grete per^il to hym commynde. MS. Uawlinton 92, f. 3. BEROWE. A shadow. Prompt. Pan. BEROWNE. Around ; round about. His burliche berde was blody berowne. Murte Artlture, MS. Lincoln, {. &4. BERRIER. .V thraslicr. North. BERRIN. A burial ; a funeral. Var. dial. A person attending a funeral is called a berriner, and a grave a berrinhole. BERRITHATCH. According to Kennett, MS. Lansd. 1033, in the court rolls of the manor of Cheriton, co. Somerset, this word is used for litter for horses. BERRY. (1) A gooseberry. North. (2) To thrash com. North. Kennett, MS. Lansd. 1033, gives an Islandic derivation. Berrying-stede, the thrasliing floor. (3) A herd of conies. A herd of roes in the the Two Angrie Women of Ahington, p. 65, unless we suppose a misreading for bery. We have, however, berry in the Boulie of Hunting, Lond. 1586. (4) Florio has, " Cruscia d'dcque, a suddaine sho^vre, a storme, a tempest, a hlustring, a berry or flaw of many windes or stormes to- gether, bringing violent showres of water." (5) A borough. BERSELET. A kind of bow ? BEKST. (1) Bearest. (2) Broke. Kob. Glouc. (3 Defect. {/I.-S.) The levedi, sore a^irad withalle, Ladde Beves into the halle. And of everiche sonde, That him com to lionde, A dide hire ete althcrfcrst. That she ne dede him no heist ; And drinkc ferst of the win, That no poisoun was therln. iff I'tfd o/ llnmtoHn, p. 75. BERT. (1) To perspire. North. (2) A beard. He smat aynother al to wounder. That hys bert clevc ysonder. Oy 0/ Wiirwikc, Middlehlll MS. (3) Bright. BERTHE. Bearetb. Lydt/ale. BERTinilNGES. Salvation. P.i. Cott. BERUFFIANISEO. Abused hke a ruflian. A term used by Nash, in Have With You to Safl^ron Wald'en, 1596. BERUNGE. A burial. Robson. BERWE. (1) A shadow. Prompt. Pan: (2) To defend. (y/.-5.) BERWHAM. A horse-collar. Prompt. Pan. BERYU. Buried. Therfor I will that Ihir it bcryd be. Suga PoettciT, p. 5, BERYEN. To defend ; to protect. BEKYLL. Apparently some rope belonging to a ship. See Cocke Lorelles Bote, p. 12. BERYxXE. A child ; a bairn. Alles a wafuUe wedowc that wanttes hit beryne, 1 may werye and wcpe, and wrynge myne handys. Mortr Arthurs, Lincoln JUS. f. 98. BERYNG. The lap. Weber. BERY'NG-CASE. A portable casket. There come foureclerkes to Wyltonc from feme lond. With a litull beryng'Cate full of rclckcs gode. Cfifon, Vttodun. p. 84. BERYNT. To bear. Gov. Mysf. BERYS. Approaches. Tryamowre to hym fici-ys. And they alle to-braste ther spcrys. MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 81. BERYSE. Berries. Weber. BERY'ST. Beareth. BER5E. A moimt ; a hill. Gaw. BES. Be. (A.-S.) BESAGE. A portable bed carried by horses, called besage horses. {.'I.-.V.) The term occurs in Arch. iii. 157 ; Ordinances and Re- gulations, pp. 200, 204. BESAGUY. A two-edged axe. (A.-N.) Wambras with wings and rere-bras therto, And thereon sette were besa^tiys also. ClariodcB, up. Tristrem, p. 375. BESANT. A golden coin, so called because first coined at Byzantium or Constantinople. Its value is ditTerently estimated, and seems have varied from ten to twenty sols. BESCHADE. To shadow. The hy;e tre the grounde bctchadetJl, And every mannis herte gladcth. Cower, .MS. Soc. Anli^. 134, f. 197. But In silence and in covert Desireth for to be beschadid. Ibid. f. 124. BESCILDIGED. Accused of a crime. Ver. stegan. BESCORNED. Despised. C/iaucer. BESCRATCHIN. To scratch. C/iaticer. BESCRO. To beshrcw. BESCUMMER. To scatter ordure. BcnJonson spells it bescumber. BE-SE. To see ; to behold. (A.-S.) Hence to see to, to take care, as in Const, of Ma- sonry, p. 16. BESEEK. To beseech. (.-/.-S.) A common form in early English. North. BESEEME. To seem ; to appear. See Morte d'Arthur, ii. 235 ; Ipomvdon, 354. BESEGIT. Besieged. Chancer. BESENE. Clad ; clothed ; adorned. Sec Hall, Ilerirv' VIII. f 3; Thynne's Debate, p. 50. Most dowtyd man, 1 am lyvyng upot) the ground. Goodly besene with many a ryclic garlement. Digby Mytterica, p. 32. He cam into a lilille plnync, Alle roiindf aboute wel benryne ^\ ith buschls grene and cedres hy;e. Gower, M.l. .Sac. Antlq. 134, f. 40. And was with golde and riehe slonia Bfxenc and buunde for the nunis. Ibid. f. 55 BESENYS. Business. Arch. xxix. 133. BESET. Placed; employed; bestowed. (./..5.) BES 168 BES Now me thynkyth yn my mode, Thou haste welle be-a^.tt ray gode. MS. Ointab. Ft. ii. 38, f. 88. I holde my kyngdome welle besett. Be thou worse or be thou bett. Ibid, f. 2-17- BESETE. See Bei/ete. His world is joye ben so grete, Him thenketh of heven no hesete. Cower, MS. Soc. Antiq. 34, f. 56. BESEY. Beseeii. (^.-5.) BESHARP. To make haste. Var. dial. BESHET. Shut up. (J.-S.) BESUINE. To give light to. This is found among the obsolete words given at the com- mencement of Batman uppon Bartholome, fol. Lond. 1582. BESHOTE. Dirtied. Lane. BESHR.\DDE. Cut into shreds. See Percy's Reliques. p. 279. BESHREWE. To curse. {J.-S.) Generally a milder form of imprecation. Florio derives the term from the shrew mouse, to which deadly qualities were once ascribed. Cf. Chaucer, Cant. T. 6426 ; .\udcley's Poems, p. 32 ; Plav of Sir Thomas More, p. 17. BESIDE. By the side of. {A.-S.) Later writers besides, as in Middleton, i. 235. BESIDERY. A kind of h.aking-pear. Kerset/. BESIEGED. A planet is besieged when be- tween the bodies of two malevolents. An astrological term, so explained in the Gent. Rec. i. 101. BESIEN. To trouble ; to disturb. BESIGHT. Scmdal; offence. {.-l.-S.) BESISCHIPE. Activity. What hast thou done of bssisvhipe ? Gower, lUS. Soc. .-Inliq. 134, f. 110. BESKUMMER. To daub ; to besmear. Somerset. BESKYFTE. Thrust olf. {A.-S.) And she was ever passynge wery of hyra, and fayne w.>ld have ben delyverd of hym, for she was aferd of hym bycause he was a devyls sone, and she coude not beskyfte hym by no meane. Morte d' Arthur, i.91. BESLOBBER. To slobber; to render wet or dirty by spiUing over the breast. Beslaeer, Brit. Bibl. i. 498. Beslomered, dirtied, Piers Ploughman, p. 476. BESLURRY. To smear; to defile. Drayton. BESME. A besom. Pompt. Parv. BESMIRCH. To soil ; to daub ; to smear. S/iai. Verstegan has besmit, bestnutted, made foul ; and Chaucer, besmotred, smutted. {.-i.-S.) Florio, in v. Caligire, gives the verbs, to besnt, to besmoulder. The Salopian dialect has besmudge, to dirty. BESO. So be it. Maundevile. BESOFTE. Besought. Launfal, 766. BESOGNIO. A beggar. (Hal.) BESORE. To vex ; to annoy. Fletcher. BESORT. (1) To suit ; to fit. Shai. See Lear, i. 4, one of the quartos reading be/ore. (2) Attendance ; society. S/iai. BESPEAKEN. To speak to. When folks the bespeaken, curtesly hem grete. Tfble Book, p. 227. BESPERPLED. Sprinkled. "All bespeiyled with blood," Morte d'Arthiu-, i. 167. BESPET. Spit upon. {A.-S.) BE-SPREDD. Overspread. Theemperour went tohys bedd. In clothys fulie ryche he was bespredd. MS. Cantab. Pf. ii. 38, f. 139. BESPRENGYD. Besprinkled. Siimier. BESPRENT. Besprinkled. See Lydgate's Minor Poems, p. 91; Brit. Bib!, i'. 25; Percy's Reliques, p. 100 ; CoUier's Old Ballads, p. 30. BESPURT. To sprout ; to cast forth. BESQUITE. Biscuit. Armour thei had plente, and god besquite to mete. Langto^ffs Chron. p. 171. BESSELYCHE. Busily. This form occurs in the Chron. Vilodun. p. 137. BESSOME. To swim ; to sail. {A.-S.) Brethly bessomes with byrre in berynes sallies. Morte Arthure, Lincoln MS. f. 91. BESSY. Female bedlamites were called Bess o' Bedlams, and the term is not quite obso- lete, being still applied in some parts of the provinces to vagrants of that sex. The name is also given to one of the characters in the sword and plough dances. " Don't be a Bessy," said to a man who interferes with women's business. Bessy-bad, a person who is fond of childish amusements. BEST. A beast ; an animal. {A.-N.) An insect would be termed a beast, as, " bee, a beste," Prompt. Parv. p. 27. BEST.\D. Circumstanced; situated. {A.-S.) Sometimes in an ill sense, distressed ; and in later writers, provided. Cf. Prompt. Parv. p. 33 ; Cov. Myst. pp. 77, 329 ; Robin Hood, i. 26 ; Chaucer, Cant. T. 5069 ; Rom. of the Rose, 1227, 5796; Hoccleve's Poems, p. 36. BESTARRED. Covered with stars. Bextarred over with a few Dyamond drops of morning dew. Mtisarvm Deticue, 1656. BESTE. Deer. Ritson. BESTEZ. Beasts. See Sir Perceval, 176. Now a common vailgarism. BESTIALL. Cattle. Sometimes a beast, and occasionally usetl as an adjective. The word is variously spelt. Cf. Maundevile's Travels, pp. 224, 284; Morte d' Arthur, i. 147, 152; HoUnshed, Desc. Scot. pp. 11, 14 ; Anc. Code of Mil. Laws. p. 15. And eek of that thou herdest say. To take a mannis herte awey. And sette ther a be^tialle. Gower, MS. Soc. .^ntig. 134, f. 57. BESTIALLICKE. Beastly. C/iaucer. BESTLY. Belonging to a beast. Chaucer. BESTOIKE. To betray. This is given in the old dictionaries, but is perhaps an error for bestriA-e, q. v. BESTOW. To lay up ; to put out of the way ; to stow away. East. Hence, to commit sui- cide. Line. Forby gives it the meaning, " to deliver a woman," the sense it bears in the following passage. And Josiane, Crist here bemilde ! In a wode was bestoude of childe. Beves of Hamtoun, p. 132, BESTRACT. Mad. Miege. BET 169 BET BESTRAUGIIT. Mad ; distracted. See Percy's Reliques, p. 49 ; Nomenclator, pp. 423, 424. liESTUD. To ornament wilh studs. BESTYLYNESSE. Bestiality. Proi»pt. Parv. UESWIKE. To betray ; to clieat ; to deceive. {A.-S.) Cf. Kvug liorn, 296 ; Rcliq. Antiq. i. 114, 241; Gower, cd. 1532, f. 10; Kyng .\lisaunder, 4CU9, 4727; Richard Cocr de Lion, 5918 ; Wright's I'olitical Sougs, p. 158 ; Leg. Cathol. p. 79 ; Arthour and .Merlin, p. 60 ; Sevyn Sages, 2500 ; Langtoft, p. 273. Whereof theshippis they biawiket That passen by the costis there. Cower, MS. Sue. Antiq IW, f. 41. 1 fyiuic cnsampic in a croiiicle t)f hem that hne so hrswike. Ibid, f . 43. Of a poysone whiche they dronke. They haiideii that they han be.itfonhe. Ibid. t. 55. In wommannysche vois thay synge With nootes of so gret liltynge, Of such mesure, of such musike, Wherof the schippes thay bi/Ktrike. (Juwer, .MS. B:idl. 294, f. 11. What have I done ajeyn thi like. That thus woldes me bijtwike. OiMur Miindi, MS. Coll. Tiin. Oinlab. f. 19. BESY. Busy. {.^..S.) BESYTTYN. To set in order. Prompt. Pare. BET. (1) Better. {A.-S.) See Chaucer, Cant. T. 7533; Wright's Seven Sages, p. 110; Ellis's Met. Rom. iii. 293 ; Songs and Carols, xv. ; Piers Ploughman, p. 389 ; Tliynne's Debate, p. 20 ; Kol). Gloue. p. 107 ; Assemble of Foules, 451 ; Cartwright's Onhnary, 1651. Upon the morowe the day was set, The kyng hym purveyde welle the bet. MS. Caiilub. Ft. ii.38. f. 247- (2) To abate. Scott. (3) Kindled. TVtder. (4) Beaten. Towndey Mijst. It occurs also in this sense in Palsgrave's Acolastus, 1540. (5) Bettered ; improved. Weber. (6) Promised. {A.-S.) Gif thou wilt holden that thou me bet, That ieh shall wed tliat maiden sweet. ElMa Met. Hum. li. 327. (7) To pray. Skinner. (8) '■ Go bet," an old hunting cry, often intro- duced in a more general sense. See Songs and Carols, XV. ; Shak. Soc. Pap. i. 58 ; Chancer, Cant. T. 12601 ; Leg. of Dido, 288 ; Tyrwhitt's Notes, p. 278 ; Ritson's Anc. Pop. Poet. ]i. 46. The jilirase is mentioned by Bcrncrs in the Bokc of St. .\II>ans, and seems nearly equiva- lent to t/o atony. BET.\KE. To give; to recommend to. {.i.-S.) See Cov. Myst. p. 72 ; Chester Plavs, i. 144 ; Chancer, Cant. T. 3748, 8037. BETALK. To tell; to count; to give an ac- count. Draifton. BEr.\ rriCKKl). Dressed in ragged clothes. BETALCillTE. Gave up; recommended to. See Maundevile's Travels, p. 63 ; Rom. of the Rose, 4438; Langtoft, p. 126. It is appa- rently used in the sense of tauglit in Torrent of Portugal, p. 70. BETAYNE. The herb betony. Sec a receipt quoted in Prompt. Parv. p. 232, and p. 34. BETE. (1) To amend; to heal; to abate. (A.-S.) " Bete my bale," amend my misfortime. " Bete liis need," satisfy his need. 'Very fre- quently appUed to fire, to mend it ; in the pro\incial dialects, to light, to make a fire. Kennett, MS. Lausd. 1033, has, "to beet the fire, i. e. in Kent, to mend the fire, or supply it with fuel ; it is particularly applied to the supplying of a kill with straw for the drying of malt, where some beater must constantly attend to beet, i. e. to put fresh straw into the mouth of the kill." Cf. Richard Coer de Lion, 657; Sevyn Sages, 2123 ; Piers Plough- man, p. 131; Kehq. Antiq. ii. 278 ; Tonneley Myst. p. 49; Minot's Poems, p. 7; Sir Per- ceval, 439 ; Isumbras, 764. (2) To prepare ; to make ready. {A.-S.) (3) To heal. {A.N.) (4) Beaten. Hoccleve. Often, worked, em- broidered, as in Le Bone Florence of Rome, 182; Skelton, ii. 302. (5) Help ; assistance. Skitmer. (6) To beat. {A.-S.) (7) To walk up and down. See Minot's Poems, p. 7. It is used in a similar sense by sports- men. See Gent. Rec. (8) Bit. Cov. Myst. (9) A proper name. Prompt. Parv. The Latin corresponding to it is Beatrix. BETECHE. To deliver up; to give up. {A.-S.) See Tyrwliitt's notes to Chaucer, iv. 292 ; Cov. Myst. p. 70 ; Langtoft, p. 299. Farewelle, he seyde, my dere sone. The Fadur of hevyn beteche y the. MS. Cantab. Ft. il. 38, f. 49 That ychc shepard jyveth no gode kepe That betecheth the wuife hys shepe. MS. Hmi. 17U1 , f. 72. BETEEM. To bestow, give, nfford, or allow ; probably from teem, to poiu: forth. Also, to deign, to endure. Nares. BETEL. A hammer. Wyht suylc a betel be he smyten. Wright t Latin Sloriei, p. 29. BETELLE. To deceive; to mislead. {A.-S.) BETEN. Worked; embroidered. {A.-N.) See Hall, Henry Vl.f. 7; Syr G aw. BETENDING. Concerning; relating to. Yorkth. BETH. Be; are; be ve. {A.-S.) BETIIE. Both. llCber. BETHEED. Prospered. Fersteyan. BETllEKYS. Betwixt. BETH EN. Both. And In his londc bishoppiB tweinc, Swithc nobuUe men ihei wercn bethen. MS. Cantab. Ft. v. 48, f. 98. BETHINK. (1) To grudge. Somerset. (2) To recollect. North. M'c have bit/irnche iu Weber, and billiinke in Wright's Purgatory, p. 149. Palsgrave has betliynkyny in the sense of coiutitleration. BETHRAL. To enthral. Spenser. IlKTIIWINE. The wild clematis. I. Wiqht. ilKTII). Happened. {A.-S.) ItiyriNED. Hedged about. Verategan. IIETIT. Hath happened. Ellis. 11* BET 170 BEV BETLE. Soft; fitted for cultivation, a term applied to land. North. BETOATLED. Imbecile; stupid. Denon. BETOKE. Gave; recommended. (^A.-S.) BETOSSED. Troubled, tthak. BETOUSE. To drag about. Xash. BETRAITOR. To call one traitor. See tlie State Papers, iii. 262. BETR-VPPE. To entrap; to ensnare. See Moite d'Arthur, ii. 396 ; bitrappe, Lvdgate, MS. Soc. Antiq. 134, f. 27. BETRASH. To betray; {A.-N.) Spelt also betraise. See Tundale, p. 136; Rom. of the Rose, 1520; Langtoft, pp. 156, 255. By grace only yf he may ascape. Or deth bitt-aisihe him with his sodeyne rape. Li/dgate. MS. Soc. Aiitig. 134, f. 29. BETRAST. Trust. Weber. BETRAX. A battlement. Prompt. Pan. BETRAYNE. Betrayed ; played false. But, syr, he sayde, for certente. Your queue hath you betrat/ne. Sir Ttyamoure, 165. BETRATSSHE. Palsgrave has, " I betraysshe (Lydgate) I go aboute the stretes of a towne or crtie, ^e tracasse;" and he adds, "this verbe is uat yet taken in comen use." BETRED. Prevailed; conquered. BETREINT. Sprinkled. Skinner. BETRIM. To adorn ; to deck. Shak. BETSO. The smallest coin current in Venice, worth about a farthing. It is alluded to in Dodsley's Old Plays, x. 42. BETT. To pare the turf with a breast-plough. Herefordsh. BETTAXE. A pickaxe. Devon. BETTE. (1) Good. Herefordsh. (2) Better. {A.-S.) See Octovian, 1073 ; Rom. of the Rose, 7008. BETTEE. An engine used by thieves in wrench- ing open doors. Blount. BETTELYNGES. Battles. Latimer. BETTER. More. Var. dial. The glossaries give bettermer, better ; and bettenitost, the best, or very nearly the best. BETTER-CHE.\P. Cheaper. " I cannot afford it better cheap, or for a lesser price." Howell. BETTERNESS. Superior. North. BETTRE. Better. (A.-S.) BETTY-TIT. The titmouse. Snffoli. BETWAN. An open wicker bottle or strainer, put over the vent-hole in brewing to prevent the grains of malt passing through. North. BETWATTLED. Confounded; s'tupified; in- fatuated ; in a distressed and confused state of mind. Var. dial. BETWEEN. Sometimes used eUiptieally, this time being understood. Between irhites, in the interval. Betwixt and between, some- where between the two extremities ; in some places used for exactly the middle point. BETWIT. To taunt ; to upbraid. Var. dial. BETWIXEN. Between. (A.-S.) BETYD. To betide ; to happen. BETYN. Bitten. BETYNG-CANDLE. A candle made of resin and pitch. See old accounts quoted in Sharp's Cov. Myst. p. 187. BETYNGE. A rod. any instrtunent of punish- ment. Prompt. Parr. BEUFE. Buff. BE UK. A book. North. BEVEL. (1) A sloped surface in masonry. Also a verb, to cut an angle. Any slope is called a bevel in some thalects. " Though they themselves be berel," bent in an angle, Shak. Sonn. 121, or rather perhaps as Kennett explains the word in MS. Lansd. 1033, "to run askew in length, or depart from a tnie level." Beveling, the sloping part of a wall. Arch. xi. 233. (2) A violent push or stroke. North. (3) A kind of sqiiare used by masons and car- penters, moveable oi> a centre, that can be set to any angle. See Cotgrave, in v. Bureau. BEVER. (1) An intermediate refreshment be- tween breakfast and dinner. The term is now appUed to the afternoon snack of harvest- men and other labourers, and perhaps may be explained more correctly as any refreshment taken between the regiUar meals. See Beau- mont and Fletcher, i. 20 ; Ford, 1.392; Florio, in V. ilerenda ; Cooper, in v. Antectenium ; Staniliursfs Descr. of Ireland, p. 18 ; Xomen- clator, p. 79 ; Sir John Oldcastle, p. 42 ; Howell, sect. 43 ; Middleton's Works, iv. 427, v. 141. Sometimes refreshments of drink, or driukings, were called bevers ; but potations were not bevers, as Mr. Dyce asserts. (2) To tremble ; to qiuver. Nort/>. See Brockett and Palmer. Bevereti is wrongly explained " flowing " in Sjt Gawayne, as will appear from Morte d'Arthm-, i. 22. It is possibly from A.-S. bifian. BEVERACHE. Drink; Uquor. It was for- merly the custom to drink, says one editor, when making a bargain. Is this fashion obsolete .' Athorst I was ful sore y-swonke. The beverache mosle nethes ben thronke. MS. AMit. 113i)7, f. 95. BE'\'ERAGE. Hearne, gloss. Rob. Glouc. p. 623, explains beverage, "beveridge, reward, con- sequence," and he adds that it is "a word now in use for a refreshment between dinner and supper, and we use the word when any one pays for wearing new cloaths." That it is sjTionjTnous with Lever appears clearly from Holinshed, Descr. Scot. p. 22. As to the other meaning, " beveridge money " is still de- manded on the first appearance of a new suit of clothes, and a forfeit is a button cut off from them if the wearer is so injudicious as to refuse. In Devon, a composition of cider, water, and spice, is called beverage. BEVETENE. Beaver .' He toe his bevetene hat, With pal that was biweved. MS. Bodl.6i9, f. m. BEVISE. To consider. But for all that, 511 couthe he not Bevise himstlfe whiche was the beste. Cower, MS. Soi: .4nli1hing hanging in the manner of a bell-clapper is so called. Here I, great Tom, Sing loudly bim-bim. Mother Hubhord, a burlesque- BIMEBY. Bv and by. Somerset. BI-MELDE. ' To inform .-igainst. {A.-S.) Dame, God the for-;elde. Bote on that thou roe nout bi-melde. Wright's Anecd. Lit. p. 3. BI-MENE. To lament; to pity; to bemoan. Biment, bemoaned. {A.-S.) Cf. Reliq. An- tiq. ii. 121 ; Ilartsborne's Met. Tales, p. 86; Gv of Warn-ike, pp. 5,18; Lay le Freine, 298 ; Kyng of Tars, 1088 ; Rom. of the Rose, 2667. Bymenyng, moaning, Kyng .\lisaunder, 534. Occasionally, to mean, as in llavelok, 1259 ; Gesta Rom. p. 5 ; Piers Ploughman, p. 13. And sche bigan him to bimnne. Couer, MS. Soc. .Snliq. 134, f. 48. BIMINDE. Mourned; lamented. fVicktiffe. Baber has bimorniden. BIN. (1) Been; are; were; is. Var. dial. It also occurs in several of our old dramatists. (2) Because. Somerset. 15IND. (1) A name given by miners to any in- durated argillaceous substance. (2) A lot of eels. Skinner. According to Ken- nett. MS. Lansd. 1033, two hundred and fifty. (3) A hop-stalk. South. (4) Anvthing that binds. East. BIND-CORN. Buck-wheat. BIND-DAYS. The days on which tenants were obliged to reap their lord's corn at harvest- time. Apparently the same as bedrepes, q. v. BINDEN. To bind. {A.-S.) BINDING. (1) A hazel rod or thorn, two or three yards long, so called because used for binding the hedge-tops. North. (2) The tiring of a hnwk. Blome. BINDING-COURSE. The top course of hay which is put on before it is bound on the cart with a rope. North. BINDING D.\Y. The second Tuesday after Easter, called also Binding-Tuesday. BIND-MEED. The wild convolvulus. BINEBY. By and by. North. Moor gives iin?- bine in the same sense. BINETHEN. Beneath. {A.-S.) BING. (1) To begin to turn sour, said of milk. Chesh. (2) Away. Decker. A cant term, explained by Grose to go. See also Earle's Microcosmo- graphy, p. 255. (3) X superior kind of lead. Kennett's Glossary, MS. Lansd. 1033. (4) A bin. Var. dial. " Bjnige" occurs in the Prompt. Parv. p. 36. BINGE. To soak a vessel in water so as to prevent its leaking. Line. BINGER. Tipsy. Line. BING-STE.\D. The place where ore is depo- sited. Kennett, MS. Lansd. 1033, says "the hole or mouth of the furnace in wluch the fuel is put is call'd the bing of the furnace." BIR 1// BIS It is termed hing-place in some verses quoted l)y Blount, in v. limjmoth ; and also bhuj-hule. BI-NIME- To take away. (A.-S.) Cf. Gy of Warwikc, p. 136. liynymmi/nije, Reliq. Antiq. ii. 52. Than iille his ten brethTcn thcrfore hateden blue, That oure Loverd wole liabben i-do mai no man binime. MS. Uuill. 652, f. 2. BINK. Abench. North. According to Kennett, the hink of a coal-pit is " the subterraneous vault in a mine." See his glossary, MS. Lansd. 1033 ; and bynke, in the first sense, Towueley Myst. p. 317. Ane iryne hynke thay made with strenghe, Fyf tene cubetes it w-as one lenghe. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 12». BINNE. Within. {.-i.-S.) BINNICK. .4 minnow. Somerset. BINT. Bound. Skmner. BIPAUTED. Parted in two. BI-QUASSHEN. To crush to pieces. {A.-S.) BIQUATII. Bequeathed. Ileame. BIRAFTE. Bereft. (A.-S.) Tliat verrily his discreseioun Was him bira/te in conclusioun. MS. Digbp 230. BIRAU5TE. Taken away. (A.-S.) Only for lak that his bcmis bryjte Wereu me birau^te thorow the cloudy mone. Ls/itgale, MS. Soc. .^nli?. I.H, f- fi. BIRCHING-LANE. To send a person to Birch- ing-lane, a proverbial ])lirase for ordering him to be whipped or otherwise punished. It was formerly a place for huj-ing second-hand or ready-made clothes. Nares. See Hawkins' Engl. Dram. iii. 2C7. BIRD. (I) A lady. (A.-S.) The term is very common in early Enghsh poetry, and is occa- sionally api)licd to the other sex, as in Amis andAmiloun, 15. His ost spac and 3af answarc. And 3ede forth with the bird so bold. Leu. Callwl. p. .IS. (2) Buried. Leg. Cath. p. 121. (3) The pupil of the eye, or perhaps the little reflected image on the retina, or that of a very near spectator reflected from the cornea. Eau/. (4; An egg is said to be " dead of bird," when the chicken dies very shortly before the pe- riod of hatching. East. (5) Any pet animal. Kent. (6) Bread. Ermoor. BIRD-BATTING. A method of catching birds at night with a net and light, described in Strutfs Sports, p. 38. See also Aubrey's Wilts, Royal Soc. MS. p. 30. BIRD-BOLT. (1) A short thick arrow with a broad flat end, used to kill birds without piercing, by the mere force of the blow. Nares. (2) The burbot. BlRD-BOy. A boy who frightens birds from the corn. Var. dial. BIRD-CALL. A small whistle used to imitate the call of birds. See Blome's Gent. Rec. ii. 1 22. BIUDER. A bird-catcher. Suulh. BIRD-EYED. Near-sighted. Jonson. BIRDING. Bu-d-calching. Var. dial. BIRD'S-EYE. Germander speedwell. BIRDS'-MEAT. Haws. Somerset. BIRE. A stall; a cowhouse. See Arch. rvii. 203; BuUein's Dialogue, 1573, p. 4. BI-REDE. To coimsel. (A.-S.) See Gy of Warwike, p. 118; Ilartshorne's Met. Tales, p. 98. liyradden, Chronicle of England, 40. BIREDE. Buried. Arch. xxix. 130. BIRELAY. A virelay. {A.-N.) And cek be can caroUis make, Rondealle, balade, and birrlaj/. Gmver, MS. Cantab, f. 56. BI-REPE. To bind. (A.-S.) BI-REVE. To bereave. (A.-S.) BI-REWE. To rue. (A.-S.) BIRFUL. Roaring. Ri/son. BIRGAND. A wild goose. Cocker. BIRGEN. A grave. Verstei/an. BIRIEL. Burial. See Leg. Cath. p. 203. The more usual meaning is grave, as beriel, q. v. BIRK. A birch-tree. North. See Danes' York Records, p. 274 (?) ; Perceval, 773. BIRL. A rattling noise. North. BIRLADY. By our Lady. North. A very common elliptical form in our old writers. BIRLE. To pour out; to draw wine. (A.-S.) See Torrent of Portugal, p. 13; Skelton.ii. 167; Robson's Met. Rom. p. 80. BIRLED. Powdered; spangled. Iliitoet. BIRLER. The master of the revels at a bidding, wedding in Cumberland, perhaps from birle, one of his duties being to superintend the re- freshments. BIRNY'. A cuirass, coat of mail. BIRR. Force ; violence ; impetus ; any rapid whirUng motion. North. It is applied to the whizzing of any missile violently thrown, as in Wickliffe, Apoc. .wiii. The noise of partridges when they spring is called birring. Alle is borne at a byn-e to Hurdews haven. MS. Cull. Calif!. A. ii. f. Ii(9. And whenne the brigge was allc rcdy, he baddc Ins knyghtes wende over apone it, bot whenne thay saw the grete rever rync so swiftely, and with so grete a bi/rre, thay drod thame that the brygge schulde falle. MS. Lincoln A. 1. 17. f- 15. BIRRET. A hood. Skiimer. BIRSE. A bristle. Norl/i. BIRSEL. To roast ; to broil. North. BIRT. A kind of turbot. See Ordinances and Regulations, i)p. 175, 181, 182; Harrison's Descri])tion of England, p. 224. Huloet has " bi/rfe fvslii', rliombiis." BIRTH. A place ; a station. Var. dial. HIKTHDOM. Birthright. Shak. BIKTHE-MEN. Menofbirlhorcondition.(.^.-.)f.) BIRTHENE. A burden. (A.-S.) BIRTLE. (1) Brittle. East. (2) A summer apple. Yorksh. BIRYE. A citv ; a town. /'«. Colt. BIRYNG. Burial. Nng. Poet. p. .3. BIS. A deUcate blue colour; but the term is frequently a|i])lieil to a silk of fine texture, and to other colours, black or dark grey. Roquc- forte cxi)lain8 bysse, " sorte d'etoffe de soie," wliich is clearly the meaning of the term in 12 BIS 178 BIS Chron. Vilodun. p. 34, " under a curtull of purpur byse ;" Launfal, 284, " i-heled with purpurbys;"LybeausDisconus, 2071; Wright's LjTic Poetry-, pp. 30, 35 ; Ballad of Patient Grissel, " instead of 4i.s and purest pall ;" Gesta Rom. pp. 33,207,210; Middleton's Works, v. 558 ; Peele's Works, ii. 22S. " Pnrple and hiss" are mentioned together by Mapes, JIS. Bodl. 851, f. 35. See also Florio, in v. Azur- rino. The kynges of enhe that han don lecchene with her, and han lyvid in delites, whanne thei schullyn se the smoke of her brennyng, stondyng afer wepyng and weylyng and seiyng, alas I alas ! that grete cite that was clothd with ftii* and porpur, and brasil, and OTergyld with gold and presious stonys ! Wimbellmi's Sermon, 1388, MS. Hatton 57, p. 18. BI-SAI. Saw fit; thought fit. Heanie. See Bymy, Rob. Clone, p. 192, and by-sayen, Kyng Alisaunder, 4605. In the latter instance, the Bodl. MS. reads beseighen. BISCAN. A finger-glove. Devon. BISCHEDITH. Overfloweth. Baber. BISCHET. Shut up. {.i.-S.) See Octovian, 1280; Arthoiu- and Merlin, p. 23; Piers Ploughman, p. 405. BI-SCHYNETH. Shines upon. {A.-S.) BISCORE. Immediately. BI-SCOT. A fine, the nature of -vvhich is de- scribed by Blount, in v. It was imposed on the o%Yncrs of marsh lands for not keeping them in proper repair. BISCUIT. A plain cake as distinguished from a richer one. A seed-biscuit is a plain cake made either with seeds or plums. Siisse.r. BI-SE. To look about ; to behold. (J.-S.) BI-SEGGEN. To reproach ; to insult. {A.-S.) BI-SEKEN. To beseech. {.i.-S.) Aho bi-sechen. See Piers Ploughman, p. 18 ; Laugtoft, p. 73 ; Havelok, 2994. BISELET. A carpenter's tooL BI-SEMEN. To appear. {A.-S.) BISEN. BUnd. {A.-S.) Thei met a bisen mon tho. And him thei duden Dede To talie that on ende of that tre To go the better spede. Cursor Micidi, US. Coll. Trin. Cantab, f. 102. BI-SENDE. Scat to. (A.-S.) SeeRob.Glouc. Chron. p. 524. Bisenf, Langtoft, p. 309, ex- plained by Hearne, beseeched. BI-SETTEN. To place ; to set. (A.-S.) BISEXT. Leap-year. (Lat.) BISGEE. A kind of mattock, with a short han- dle, calculated so as to serve both for a pick- axe and a common axe. JVest. BISH. A bishop. Hearne. BI-SHEREWEN. To curse. (A.-S.) He semeth to be ryjte welle thewid. And jithis herte is alle bi-screwid. Cower, MS. Soc. Antiq. 134, f. 42. BI-SHETTEN. To shut up. (A.-S.) BISHOP. (1) Milk that is biu-nt in the pan is said in the northern counties to be bishopped, or sometimes that " the bishop has set his foot in it." Perhaps the best explanation is that given by Tyndale, quoted in Jamieson, suppl. i. 92. (2) A pinafore or bib. Warw. (3) To produce artificial marks on a horse's tooth, for the purpose of deceiving as to its age. Var. dial. (4) A lady-bu-d, which also goes by the name of bishop-bamabee, bishop-benebee, and bishop- belief ree. Florio, in v. FarfdUa, " a ilie that hovering about a candle bmnes itselfe, of some called a bishop," which is probably a smaller insect. (5) Florio gives one of the meanings of Fimgo, " that firy round in a biu-ning candle called the bishop." (6) To water the balls, a term used hy printers. (7) To confirm. North. See Stanihurst's De- scription of Ireland, p. 27. And also within the fyfte 5ere, Do that thei bischnped were. MS. Cantab. Ff. v. 48, f. 2. BISHOPPING. Confirmation. East. See early instances in Arch. xxv. 498 ; Pilkington's Works, p. 553 ; Cotgrave, in v. Confirmation. BISHOP'S-FINGER. A guide-post ; so called, according to Pegge, because it shows the right wav but does not go. BISIE. Busy. (A.-S.) BISIED. Agitated. Gaw. BISILKE. See the Rates of the Custome House, 1545, " bisilie the groce conteyning xii. dossen peces, x. s." BI-SITTEN. To beset. (A.-S.) BISK. (1) A term at tennis, a stroke allowed to the weaker party to equalize the players. See HoweU, sect. 28. (2) To rub over with an inky brush. See the new etUtion of Boucher, in v. (3) Broth made by boihng several kinds of flesh together. I had scarce prcnounced them, but I found the odor of the most admirable bisk that ever fum'd into Dives his nostrils. A Comical History of the World in the Moon, 1659. BISKY. A biscuit. West. BISMARE. Infamy; reproach; disgrace. (A.-S.) See Piers Ploughman, pp. 82, 413; Chaucer, Cant. T. 3963 ; Launfal, 923 ; Kyng .^.hsaun- der, 648; Gy of Warwike, pp. 126, 215; Rob. Glouc. pp. 12, 145; Walter Mapes, p. 342. Also a substantive, a shameless per- son, bysmare, Cov. Myst. pp. 140, 217, in which sense it occurs in Douglas, quoted by Jamieson. Thai seyd he schuld nought have Dot strokes and Itsmare. .-4rthour and Merlin, p. 73. And he that broghte here to that bi/6mere. For here foly he shal answere. MS. Harl. I7U1, f. 49. BISME. An abyss ; a pit. BISNE. (I) A blind person. (A.-S.) Thou, as a littille bisne, a dwerghe, a halfe manne, and ortez of alle menne, desyrand to over- passe thi littillnesse, rijte as a mouse crepez oute of hir hole. Life of Alexander, Lincoln MS, f, 7. (2) An example. (A.-£.) BIT 179 BIT Tharefore the es better amend the of thi mys- dedis, than we take swiike wreke appone the that ottier mene take bia/te therby. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f- a BI-SNEWID. Covered with snow. {A.-S.) Antl as a busche whiche is bi-.snewid. Here berdis weren hore and white. (iuuer, MS. Sac. .-Inliq. 134, f. SI. BISOKNE. Delay; sloth. Hearrie. BISOX. A bull. BI-SOWED. Sowed ; stitched. {A.-S.) The ded body was bi-sowed In cloth of golde, and leyde therinne. Gower, MS. Soc.AMiq. 134, f. 23«. BI-SPAT. Spat upon. Wickliffe. BI-SPEKE. To counsel. Weber. It also occiirs in the sense of, to speak, to accuse. BISPEL. A term of reproach. L'umb. Kcnnett, MS. Lausd. 1033, says "a notorious knave or rascall." In some counties a natural child is so called. BI-SPEKEX. To lock up. {A.-S.) BI-SPRENGDE. Sprinkled. {A.-S.) Bysprent, scattered, Skelton, ii. 403. The chikles clothes th.Tt were gode, Al a bi'Xprengiic with that blode. Bevea I'f Hamtonn, p. 16. BISS. A hind. (A.-N.) See a list of beasts in Reliq. Antiq. i. 154. BISSCUADEWETll. Shades. (A.-S.) The grete bough that over him is. So him bisschadeueth, i-wis. That hit mai have no thedom. Seityn Sages, 586. BISSEN. Art not. West. BISSON. See Beesen. BISSYN. To lull children to sleep. Prompt. Pan. See the several entries, p. 37, iysyi/ne, bi/ssynge, &c. BIST. (1) Thou art ; art thou ? West. (2) Ahvest. Scott. BISTARD. A bustard. Florio. BISTERE. To bestir. Fond we oii9 to bistere. And (jur lond sumdel to were. Arthour and Merlin, p. 159. BISTOCKTE. A stock of provisions ? Also ye most ordeyne your bistockte tohavewyth yow, fur thow ye schal be at the tabyl wyth yowre patronc, notwythslondyng ye schal oft tyine have nede to yowre vylelys bred, chese, cggys, fruteand bakyn, wyne and other, to make yowre coUasyun. Jn lt(Eolti^'ia, XXI. 410. BISTODE. Stood by or near. (A.-S.) Scott ex- plains it vithstuud, but see SirTristreni, p. 154. B1-S11U;TE. Scattered. Jlearne. BISWIKE. iee Beswike. BI-SWI.NKEN. To labour hard. (A.-S.) BISYHEU. Business. Itisj/lted, care, and sorowe, Is with mony uche a-morowe. Kyng Ati*aunder, 3. BIT. (I) Biddeth. Chaucer. (2) Tlie lower end of a poker. Also, to put a new end to a poker. West. (3) The nick of time. North. " Bit" is often used w ithout the |)reposition ; " a wee bit bairn," a very small child. I3ITA1STE. (Javc. (A.-S.) BITAKE. To commit. (A.-S.) And men and passand for her bitakens It haly kirke fra ye. MS. Colt. Kton. 10, f. 22. BITCH. (1) The female companion of a vagrant. A general term of reproach. " As drunk as a fidler's bitch," a phrase still in use, and found in another form in Piers Ploughman, p. 98. " Byche-clowte," a worthless woman, Cov. Myst. p. 218. (2) A miner's tool used in boring. North. BITCH-DAUGHTER. The night-mare. Yoriah. BITE. (I) To *' bite the ear" was once an ex- pression of endearment, and Jonson has biting the nose in a similar sense, ii. 184. \Ve still say to children, " I am so fond of you I could eat you up." To " bite the thumb" at a jierson, an insult. See Roni. and Jul. i. 1. (2) To abide ; to alight. Heame. (3) To drink. (A.-S.) Was therinne no page so lite. That evere wolde ale bite. Havclott, 1731. (4) The hold which the short end of a lever has upon the thing to be lifted. A short bite or a long bite means a greater or lesser degree of length from the fulcrum. (5) To smart. Chaucer. BITEN. (1) To bite. (A.-S.) (2) Between. Langloft, p. 10. BITHOUHT. Contrived. (A.-S.) Seven barbicancs ther beth I-wrouht, With grct ginne al bitlioufit. fVurtun's Hist. Engl. Poet. i. 76. BI-TIDEN. To happen ; to betide. (A.-S.) BI-TIME. Betimes. (A.-S.) BlTLEIlEiVD. A blockhead. Somerset. BITORE. A bittern. (A.-N.) BITRENT. Twisted ; carried round. Chaucer. BITTE. (1) The steel part of an a.xe. (2) Bad ; commanded. We may to tlie say ryjte as hce bitte. With devoute herte knelynge on oure knc. Ll/iigate, MS. Sue. Antiq. 134, f. I!l BITTERBUMP. The bittern. Innc. Also called the bitter, as in Middleton's Works, v. 289; bit lor, Chester Plays, i. 51; bittour, Floiio, in v. Astcria. See also Skeltoii's Works, ii. 130, 260. B1TT1:R-SWEET, The wood nightshade, ae- corTie, He setteth not therby a btak-berye. Occleve, MS. Soc. AnIiq. 134, f. 278. BLACKBERRIES. Black-currants. Cumb. BLACKBERRY-SUMMER. The fine weather which is generally experienced at the latter end of September and the beginning of Octo- ber, when the blackberries ripen. Hants. BLACK-BESS. A beetle. Salop. In Berk- shire, a blackbeetle is called a black-bob ; in Y''orkshire, a black-clock ; and in Cornwall, a black-lrorm. BLACK-BITCII. A gun. North. BLACK-BOOK. .\n imaginary record of offences and sins. North. BLA 181 BLA BL.VCKROWWOWERS. Blackberries. North. BLACKISKOWN. Brunette. Florio. BLACK-BUG. A hobgoblin. Florio has, " ie- niuri, the gbostes or spirits of such as dve before thcu time, hobgoblins, black-bugs, or night-walking spirits." BL.VCK-BUUIED. In infernum missus. Skin- ner. A phrase that has puzzled all the edi- tors of Chaucer to e.\])lain satisfactorily. See Urrv's edition, p. 13:5; Tvrwhitt, iv. 274. BL.\CK-C.\P. The bulllincli. Lane. BLACK-COAT. A clergyman. Boticher. BI.ACK-CROSS-DAY. St. Mark's day, April 25. BLACKEYED-SUSAN. A well pudding, mth ])lums or raisins in it. Sussex. BLACK-FASTING. Rigid, severe fasting. Xorth. BLACK-FOOT. The person who attends the principal on a courting ex]iedition, to bribe the servant, ingratiate himself with the sister, put any friend off bis guard, or in certain cases to introduce his friend formally. North. BLACK-FROST. Frost without rime. Var.dial. BLACK-GRASS. The fox-tail grass. East. BLACK-GUARD. A nickname given to tlie lowest drudges of the court, the carriers of coal and wood, the labourers in the scullery, &c. Hence the modern term, and its applica- tion. See Ben Jonson, ii. IC9 ; Beaumont and Fletcher, 1. 21 ; Middleton, ii. 5-JG ; Webster, i. 20. BLACKIIE.\D. A boil. West. BLACKING. A kind of pudcUng, perhaps the same as blood-puddimj, mentioned bv Fairfax, Bulk and Selvedge oftlie World, 1674, p. 159, as then made in Derbyshire. BL.VCK-JACK. (1) A large leather can, formerly in great use for small beer. See Unton In- ventories, p. 1 ; Brand's Pop. Antiq. ii. 200 ; Ord. and Keg. p. 392 ; Ileyvvood's Edward IV. p. 97. Nor of blctcke jacks at gentle buttry bars, Whose liquor oftentimes breeds hnusiiutil wars. Tai/lor't Workes, 1630, i. 113. (2) Sulphuret of zinc, as found in the mines. Derbysh. BLACK-LAD-MONDAY. Easter Monday, so called from a curious custom on tliat day at Ashton-under-Lyne, ternicd Itid'tm/ the Black Lad, described in Hone's Evcry-day Book, ii. 467. It is said to have arisen from there having been formerly a black knight who re- sided in these parts, holding the people in vassalage, and using them with great severity. BLACK-M.VCK. A blackbird. Florio has, " Merli), an owseli, a blackmacke, a merle or blacke-bird." It is sometimes called the black-oiuiel. BL.\CK-MEN. Fictitious men, enumerated in mustering an army, or in (iemanding CDin and livery. See the Stale Papers, ii. 110. BLACK-MONDAY. Easter Mond.iy, so called from the severity of that day in I3C0, which was so unusual, that many of Edward Ill.'s soldiers, then before Paris, died from the cohl. This is Stone's e\i)lanatioii, Annales, p. 264, but another account is given by Fordun. The term is found in Shakespeare. See also Stani- hurst's Descriiition of Ireland, p. 21 ; Sharp's Chron. Mirab. ]). 9. It is also the schoolboy's term for tlie iii-st Monday after the holidays, when they are to return to their studies. BLACK-MtJNEY. Money taken by the har- bingers or servants, with their niiister's know- ledge, for ab.-taining from enforcing coin and livery in certain places, to the prejudice of others. See the State Papers, ii. 510. BLACK-NEB. The carrion-crow. North. BLACK-OX. The black ox has trod on bis foot, a proverbial phrase, meaning either to be worn with age or care. See Nares, j). 44 ; Martin Mar-Prelate's Epitome, p. 10. Toone says it signifies that a misfortune has happened to the party to which it is applied. BLACK-POLES. Poles in a copse which have stood over one or two falls of underwood. Ilerefordsh. BLACK-POT. niackpudding. Somerset. CaUed in some places black-piy-piiddhig. BLACKS. Moiu'ning. An appropriate word, found in writers of the IGth and 17th centu- ries. See Nares, in v. BL.\CK-SANCTUS. A kind of burlesque hymn, performed with all kinds of discordant and strange noises. A specimen of one is given in Harrington's Nug.^; Ant. i. 14. Hence it came to be used generally for any confused and vio- lent noise. See Dodsley, vi. 177 ; Ben Jonson, viii. 12 ; Tarlton, p. 61 ; Cotgrave, in v. Tinta- marre, " a blacke santus, the lowd wrangling, or jangling outcryes of scoidds, or scoulding fellowes ; any extreame or horrible dinne." BLACKS-\P. The jaundice in a very advanced state. East. BLACK-SATURDAY. The first Saturday after the old Twelfth Day, when a fair is annually lield at Skipton. Yorksh. BLACK-SCULLS. Florio has, " Cappclitti, souldicrs serving on horscbacke with skuls or steelecaps, skulnien, black-skuli." BLACK-SPICE. Blackberries. Yorksh. BLACK-SUNDAY. Passion Sunday. BLACK-TAN. Spoken of gipsies, dogs, &c. " Dat dere pikev is a reglar black-tan." Kent. BLACKTIIOUN-CIIATS. The young shoots of blackthorn, when they have been cut down to the root. East. The cold weather which is often experienced at the latter cud of April and the beginning of May, when the black- thorn is in blossom, is called blackthorn- winter. BLACK-TIN. Tin ore ready for smelting. BLACK-W.\D. Manganese in its natural state. Derbies/!. BLACK-WATER. Phlegm or black bile on the stomach, a disease in sheep. Yorksh. It is an expression always a]>plicd by way of con- trast to denote the absence of nutritive quali- ties in water merely. ,\orth. \ receipt for lilack-water, a kind of ink, is given in MS. Sloane 117 f. 115. BLA 182 BLA BLADDER-HEADED. Stupiil. Smith. BLADDERS. The kernels of wheat affected by the smut. Fast. Kennett, MS. Lansd. 1033, has, " bladders of the skin, little wheels or rising blisters." The last from A. S. blpedra. BLADDYRTH. Grows? (.-i.-S.) Avaryssia ys a soukyng sore. He bladdi/rlh and byWcth alle in my boure. MS. Cantab. Ff. i. 6, f. 46. BLADE. To trim plants or hedges. Salop. See the Prompt. Parr. p. 37, " bladj-ne herbys, or take away the bladys, detirso ;" Salop. Antiq p. 328. BL.\DES. (1) The principal rafters or backs of a roof. Off. Gloss. Arch. (2) Shafts of'a cart. South. (3) Bravoes ; bullies. ^4) Huloet has, " blades or yame ^vyndles, an instnimente of huswyfery, girgillus." BLADGE. A low vulgar woman. Line. BLADIER. An engrosser of corn. BLAE. A blow. North. BLAE-BERRY. The bilberry. North. BL^EC. According to Kennett, MS. Lansd. 1033, " the greas taken off the cart-wheels or ends of the axle-tree, and kept till it is dry made up in balls, with which the taylors rub and blacken their thread, is calld in Y'orksliire btcec." {A.-S.) BLAFFOORDE. A person who stammers, or has anv defect in his speech. Prompt. Parv. BLAIN. (1) To blanch ; to whiten. North. (2) A boil. A kind of eruption on the tongues of animals is so called. BLAKE. (1) Bleak ; cold ; bare ; naked. Nortli. The word occurs in the Mirr. for Mag. p. 207, quoted by Nares. (2) To cry till out of breath ; to burst with laugh- ter ; to faint. Devon. (3) Yellow. Willan says, " dark yellow, or livid ;" and Upton, in his MS. additions to Junius, " blake, flavus; proverbium apud Anglos Boreales, as blake as a paigle, i. e. as yellow as a cowslip." This proverb is also found in the Yorkshire Ale, 1697, p. 83. (4) To bleach ; to fade. {A.-S.) " His browes to blake," to vanquish him, Perceval, 1056. Other examples of this phrase occur in the same romance, 688, and in Robson's Metrical Romances, p. 64. BLAKELING. The yellow bunting. North. r>L-\KES. Cow. dung dried for fuel. Coles. BLAKID. Blackened. Chaucer. BL.\KN'E. To blacken in the face ; to grow angrv. (A.-S.) BLALC. Black ; dark. (A.-S.) The water was btatc and brade. Sir Ti-Utrem, p. 279. BLAME. Blameworthy. Shak. It is also a com- mon imprecation. " Blame me !" BLAMEPLUM. White-lead. BLAN. Ceased. (A.-S.) See ReUq. Antiq. ii. 64 ; Gy of Warwike, p. 255. For I blan, mine banes elded ai; Whiles I cried alle the dai. MS. Colt. I'espas. D. vii. f. 20. But daun?ed furthe as they bygan. For alle the messe they ne b'an. MS. Hart. 1701, f. 60. He ne stynt, ne he ne blanni^, To Clementes hows tylle that he came, "^ MS. Cantab. Ff. ll. M, f. M. BLAXCH. (1) Ore when not in masses, but in- timately mixed with other minerals, is called a blanch of ore, (2) To ^vhiten. Also, according to Baret, to " pull of the rinde or piUe." See his Alvearie, 1580, B. 779. Rider has Blanch, the name of a dog. Dlanchard was a name anciently given to a white horse. (3) To evade ; to shift off. BLAN'CHE-FEVERE. According to Cotgrave, " the agues wherwith maidens that have the greene-sicknesse are troubled ; and hence, ll n tfsfievres blanches, either he is in love, or sicke of wantonnesse." See Troilus and Creseide, i. 917; Urry's Chaucer, p. 543. BLANCHER. Anything set round a wood to keep the deer in it. Various articles were em- ployed for the pm-pose, and sometimes men on this service were so called. Nares has given an entirely WTong explanation of the word ; and Latimer, whom he quotes, merely uses it metaphorically. As a chemical term, it is found in Ashmole's Theat. Chem. Brit. p. 39. The form blencher also occiu's, apparently connecting our first meaning with blench, to start or fly off. See also Blinks. BLANCU-FARM. An annual rent paid to the Lord of the Manor. Yorksh. BLANCMANGER. A made dish for the table, very different from the modern one of the same name. The manner of making it is de- scribed in the Forme of Cury, pp. 25, 87. See Chaucer, Cant. T. 389; Piers Ploughman, p. 252 ; Ordinances and Regulations, \i. 455. BLANC-PLUMB. M'hite-lead. BLAND.\MENT. A dish in ancient cookerj-. See the Feest, st. ix. BL.^NDE. Mixed. (A.-S.) Us bus have a blode blande, or thi ble change. Mrtrte Arlhure, Linmln MS. f. 80. BLANDISE. To flatter. (A.-N.) Ill this psalme first he spekes of Crist and of his folowers btandesattde.—MS. Coll. Eton. 10, f. 2. BLANDISING. Flatteiy. (.^.-A'.) Blamly- mentes, blandishments. Hall, Henry VII. f. 13. Despice we thaiTeblandfst/n^es and thaire manaces, and kaste we fra us thaire jhoke.— Af5. Coll, Eton. 10. f. -1. BL.A.XDRELL. Akindofapple.(Fr.) Sometimes spelt blaunderelle. See Davies' York Records, p. 42 ; Lydgate's Minor Poems, p. 15 ; Ordi- nances and Regulations, p. 82 ; Cotgrave, in v. Blandareau. BL.VNK. Tlie white mark in the centre of a butt, at which the arrow was aimed. Also, the mark, the aim, a term in gunnery. A small coin, struck by Henry V. in France, worth about four pence, was so called, but was forbidden by statute from being circu- lated in this country. See Ben Jonson, v. 80 ; Florig, in v. Bianchi, Bianco. There was a game BLA 183 BLA at dice formerly so called, mentioned in Collier's Hist. Dram. Poet. ii. 315. Blanks, blank-verses, Beaumont and Fletcher. BLANKER. A spark of fire. West. BLANKERS. While garments. Skinner. BLANKET-PUDDING. A long round pudding made of flour and jam, which is spread over the paste, and then rolled into the proper shape. Sussex. BLANKETT. A kind of bird, the species of which does not appear now to be known. Also spelt blonkett. See the Archa;ologia, xiii. 341,352. BLANK-MATINS. Matins sung over night. See Liber Niger Domus Edw. IV. p. 50. BLANKNESS. Paleness. BL.\NKS. A mode of extortion, by which blank papers were given to the agents of the crown, wliich they were to till up as they pleased to authorize the demands they chose to make. Nares. BLANKS-AND-PRIZES. Beans with boiled bacon chopped up and mLxed together; the vegetable being termed a blank, and the meat a prize. Salop. BLANK-SURRY. A dish in cookery. See the Forme of Ciu-v, p. 100. BLANPEYN. Oxford white-loaves. (y/.-.V.) BLANSCUE. A misfortune; an uuexpected accident. Somerset. BLARE. (1) To put out the tongue. Yorksh. Palsgrave has "I bleare \iith the tonge, je tire la langue." (2) To roar ; to bellow ; to bleat ; to cry. Var. dial, (3) To emblazon; to display. Percy. BLASE. To blazon arms. Chancer. BLASEFLEMYS. Blaspliemies. BLASH. (1) To splash. Also, to paint. North. Anything wet or dirty is said to be blashy. (2) Nonsense ; ruljbisb. line. Weak liquor is called blashmenf, and is said to be blashy, BLASON. The dress over the armour, on which the armorial bearings were blazoned. Blazons blode and blanltt's tliey hfwene. Murte Arthure, MS. Lincoln, f. 73. BLASOUR. A flatterer. Skinner. BLASS. The motion of the stars. BLASSEN. To illumine. Rider. BLAST. (1) Skinner gives a curious phrase, " blast of my meat," as current in Durham, meaning modest, abstemious. (2) To miss fire. Devon. (3) An intlammatiori or wound, an ailment often attributed to the action of witchcraft. Somerset. (4) To cast the eyes up in astonishment. Devon. (5) To boast. {A.-S.) Ttic-i ttiought in tlu'ir hartcs, and blafttrd cmonRCSt Ihelmsclvcs Itiat the Calieians would Iwive the tounc dc&olate, and flle for their Ba vegard .— i/u//, Ilcnri/ I 'I , f. 49. BLASTED. Ilay beaten down by the wind is said lo be blasted. North. BLASTKN. Ulowcd; breathed. Weber. BLASY. To blaze; set forth. Skelton. BL.\TANT. Bellowiug. Sec Hawkins' Engl. Dram. iii. 283 ; Brit. Bibl, i. 520. It would appear from Miege that it was also used in the softer sense oi prattling, BLATE. (1) To bellow. North. (2) Shv; bashfiU; timid. North. (3) Bleak ; cold. And Eve, without her loving mate. Had thought the garden wondrous blate. Collir.i.' Mucellania, 17C2, |). 113. BL.\THER. To talk a great deal of nonsense. A person who says much to little pur|)Ose is called a blatheriny hash. A bladder is some- times prouounced blather, as in Akerman's Wiltshire Glossary, p. 6. Blattering, chat- tering, occiu's in A Comical History of the Worid in the Moon, 1659. There's nothiug gain'd by being witty; fame Gathers but wind to hlat/ier up a name. Beaumont and Fletcher, i.li. BLATTER. A puddle. North. BLAUN. Wliite. (.-f.-N.) BLAUNCIL A blain. East. BLAUNCHETTE. Fine wheaten floiu-. (^.-.V.) With blaunchctle and other flour. To make thaim qwytter of colour. R. d« Brunne, MS. Bowe$, p. 20. BLAUNCHMER. A kind of fur. He ware a cyrcote that was grene ; \Vith blaunchmer it was funed, 1 wcne. Si/i- Dcguri, 7U1. BLAUNCII-PERUEYE. An ancient dish in cookery, the receipt for which is given in MS. Rawl. 89, and also in a MS. quoted in the Prompt. Parv. p. 242. BLAUNDESORE. A dish in ancient cookery ; sometimes, pottage. See the Feest, st. vi. ; Warner's Antiq. Culin. p. 55 ; Pegge's Forme of Cur)-, p. 26 ; MS. Sloane 1201, f. 50. BLAUNER. A kind of fur, ver>- likely the same with blaunchmer, q. v. This term occurs several times in Syr Gawayne, and also in Lyheaus Disconus, 117. BLAUTCll. A great noise. North. BLAUTllY. Bloated. East. BLAVER. The corn blue-bottle. North. Also called the blaworl. BLAWE. To blow. Blauand, Y'waiuc and Gawin, 340. Brockctt says, " to breathe thick and quick after violent exertion." Best to blairr, to proclaim or make boast. See Amis and Amiloun, 1203. For they were spetite my boo»t to blawe, My name to bere on londe and sec. .Ma. Canlnlt. Ff. II. .'ffl, f. Ili. BLAWING. A swelling. North. BLAWNYNG. White-lead. BLAWU.N. Censured. See the Apology for the Lollards, p. 24. We still have the phrase blown up in the same sense. BLAWZE. A blossom. Yorksh. BLAY. A blaze. Esse.r. BLAYING. Soft si)eaking ? Tell her In your piteous bluping. Her poor slave's unjust decaying. Uril. Bibl. i. Iu4. BL.VZE. (1) According to Bluunl, " blaze in BLE 184 BLE ■ a certain fire whicli tlie inhabitants of Staf- ■ fordshire, and some other counties, were wont, and still do make, on Twelf-eve, 5 Jan. at night, in memory of the blazing-star that conducted the three Magi to the manger at Bethlem." Glossographia, ed. 1G81, p. 88. Yide-logs were sometimes called biases. See Brand's Pop. Antiq. i. 256. (2) To take salmon by striking them with a three pronged and barbed dart. North. (3) A horse is said to he blazed when it has a white mark; and a tree, when marked for sale. In America the term is apphed to a tree partially or entirely stripped of its bark. See the Last of the Mohicans, ed. 1831, p. 363. (4) A ])imple. Yorksh. BLAZING-STAU. A comet. BLEA. Yellow. North. Kennett, MS. Lansd. 1033, refers tliis to the IcelaniUc. BLEACllY. Brackish. Somerset. BLEAD. Fruit. Verstegan. BLEAK. (1) To bleach. South. Bleaking- housc, Middleton, v. 106. (2) Pale with cold, according to Kennett, MS. Lansd. 1033. " To waxe pale or bleake," is the translation of blesmir in Hollyband"s Dictionarie, 1593. See Bleike. (3) Sheepish. East. BLEART. To scold; to make a noise. Var. dial. BLEAT. Cold; bleak. Kent. This form is given by Kennett, MS. Lansd. 1033. BLEATER. Mutton. A cant term occurring in Brome's Joviall Crew, or the Merry Beg- gars, 1652. See Dodsley's Old Plays, x. 372. BLEAUNT. A kind of rich cloth ; also, a robe or mantle. The term occurs in S>t GawajTie. The bliaut was a garment sometliing similar to the smock-frock of the present day. Strutt, ii. 42. Blihand and hlehand occur in Sir Tristrem, pp. 156, 157, in the first sense. A cloak is still called a bliand in the Korth of England. [Bleaut ?] In ay riche bleaut was he clad, Lang herd to the brest he had. Guy n/ Wiincick, MiMlelnU MS. The strok of the spere it gan glide Bituen the arsoun and his side • His blihant he carf, his schert also. Gy of Wnrwike, p. 208. BLEB. A drop of water ; a bubble. Also, to drink. Kennett, MS. Lansd. 1033, " a bhster, a blain." North. BLECH. Water in which hides have been tanned. Cooper, in his ed. of Elyot, 1559, translates nautea, " currious blech," i. e. cm-- ricrs' bleach. BLECHE. White. {A.-N.) Sora on for sche is pale and hlecfie, Sora on for sche is softe of speche. Gower, MS. Soc. Antiq. 134, f. i42. BLECHIS. Blotches. See the Archaeologia, XXX. 356. BLECKEN. To make black. Kennett's Glos- sary, MS. Lansd. 1033. BLEDDER. To err. North. BLEDE. Blood. BLEDEN. To bleed. {A.-S.) My sonys liandys ar so btedande, To loke on them me lyste not to laghe. MS. Cuntab. Ff . ii. 38, f. 48. He fonde his ded wyf bledende. G-, p. 28 7 . BLENKAKD. A person near-sighted, or almost bUnd. Nortli. A fighting-cock ■oith only one eye is called a bleulier. BLENKE. To glance at. .Mso, to shine. B/ra- ket, appeared, looked. Blenk, wince, Lang- toft, p. 115. That thou wakyng thenkes, Before thy yjen hyt bknkfia. MS. Hail. 1701, f. 3. The beryue bleiikes for bale, and alle his ble chaunges. ilorte Arthurs, 3I.S. Lint-oln, f. i)7. Thougli shee bee a vixon, sheewill W«i*e blilhly on you for my cause. Two Lancashire Lovert, 1640, p. 19. BLENKS. Ashes. Tl'est. BLENKY. To snow a little. Deton. BLENS. A fish, gadus barbalus. BLENSCHYNE. To darken; to blemish. Prom/><. Parv. BLENT. (1) Blinded. {^.-S.) Woordes faire whane favel fcdeth the. Be thu not blent for his fals flatery. its. Cantab. Ff. i. 6, f. 155. (2) Mbced. Shak: (3) Started aside ; shrunk. (.-/.-S.) (4) Ceased. Perci/. (5) Destroyed ; polluted. My Hesperus by cloudy death is blent. Greene's fVortis, 1. 77. (6) Glanced. But evere me mcntte, One me hyt blenlte Wy th laughyng chcre. US. Cantab. Ff. i. 6, f. 122. BLENYNG. Blistering. (A.-S.) See Piers I'loughman, p. 168. Blemjn, to arise, to bubldc up. Arch. xx.\. 391. BLENYTE. Blenched ; winked. Nustc hco hyrsulf wanac y t was, nc Ueniite nojl cnc. Rfib. Clique, p. 33«. BLEREN. To blear; to make a person's sight dim, impose tipon him. (.-/.-S.) To " blere liis eve," to impose upon him, a very common phrase. See Rcliq. Antiq. ii. 211 ; Wright's Seven Sages, pp. •!«, 77, 100; Tyrwhitfs Chaucer, iv. 202; Skelton, ii. 98; Richard Cocr dc Lion, 3708; Ipomydon, 1120; Rom. of the Rose, 3912; Urry's Chaucer, p. .'i;!l. niernycd, blear-eyed, Depos. Ric. U. p. 13. BLESCilYNE. To extinguish a fire. Prompt. Parv. BLESE. A blaze. Prompt. Parv. BLESS. To wave or brandish a sword. Spenser. In the example from Ascham, (piotcd by Narcs, it probalily means to vound, from the French blenaer. BLESSEDLOCURRE. Blessedly. Btessedlocurre jyf he myjt he ladJc hurrc lyff. Chron. I'ilodtin. p. 76- BLESSING-FIRES. Midsummer Fires. West. See Brand's Pop. Antiq. i. 176. Blessing the fire out is an operation still in vogue in Suffolk for a burn or scald, consisting chiefly in re- volving a wetted finger in magic circles round the afflicted part,tlie movement being accom- panied with suitable incantations. BLETCH. Black, viscous, greasy matter ; the grease of wheel-axles. Staff. BLETHELICIIE. Freely; blithely: joyfully. See the Sevyn Sages, 503 ; Leg. Cathol. p. 33. Bletlily occurs in Prompt. Parv. p. 40, wrongly printed hleyly. By ensaniple of Octovian the Empcrour, and so forth aftir of other princes that suche doctrinis and techiiiges bleibeliche underfongede — }IS. Douce 291, f. 4. BLETHER. A bladder. Var. Dial. Also, to make a great noise. Line. BLETINGE. Flaming. (.-/.-S.) Througe my breste bone blctinge he horned. CItetler Playt, i. 134. BLEVE. To stay. {A.-S.) BLEVY'NGE. Remnant. Prompt. Parv. BLEW-BLOW. The corn-flower. See Gerard, p. 594; Cotgrave in \. Aubifoin, Blaveoles; Florio, in v. Criino. BLEWING. Blue paint. See Cunningham's Revels Accounts, p. 132. BLEWIT. A kind of fungus. North. BLEW-OUT. Breathed hard; puffed. Hilson. BLEWYN. To remain. {.l.-S.) Thanne late it be wronge thoru a cloute. And pore in the ere at ewyn. And of the ewyll xa! nothynge bletvi/n. Arch. XXX. 352. BLEXTERE. A person who blacks. Prompt. Parv. BLEYE. Blue. See Cod. Man. Eccl. Cath. Dunclm. Catal. p. 34. BLEYKE. To bleach. BLEYNASSE. Bhndness. God send suche bles/nasse thus jaylardus to. That with hurr ynon they sey no syjl. Chron. I'Hadun. p. 82, BLEYSTARE. A bleacher. Prompt. Parv. BLIAKE. a bar of wood fixed horizontally on the ground with holes to take the soles of a hurdle while the maker wreaths it. Dorset. BLICE. Lice. Nort/i. BLICKENT. Bright ; shining. Vest. BLI I). An interjection. Lane. BLIDS. Wretches. Devon. BLIGII. Lonelv;duIl. Kent. BLIGHTED. (1) Blasted, applied to corn. Var. dial. (2) Stifled. Oron. BLIKEN. (1) To quiver. (A.-S.) And his llppes shuUe bllken. And his hondes shulle quakcn. Brilj. .^nllll. 1.65. (2) To shine. (A.-S.) Hire bleo bhikiicth so bryht. So fcyr heo Is ant fyn. JlifjOTi'/ Ancient SoKgt, p. 37. 12» BLI 186 BLO BLIM. To gladden. Prompt. Pare. Who so him feyneth hem to nime. Forth with hem men schal him blim. Cil of Warwike, p. 205. BLIN. See BUnne. BLINCH. To keep off. BLIND. (1) " The blind eat many a fly," an old proverb ; and Heywood wrote a play under tliis title. The elder Heywood intro- duces it in his collection, and it also occurs in Northbrooke's Treatise, ed. Collier, pp. 60, 117. (2) Florio translates blinda, " a certaine fence made for skouts and sentinells, of bundels of reeds, canes, or osiers, to hide them from being scene of the enemy, called of our sol- diers a blind." He also mentions a Christmas game, called Blind is the cat, in v. Gdtta ofba, perhaps blind-man's buff. (3) Abortive, applied to flowers and herbs. Var. dial. (4) Obscure. Gosson, in his Schoole of Abuse, 1579, mentions Chenas, " a blind village in comparison of Athens." See also Holinshed, Hist. Ireland, p. 24 ; Cotgrave, in v. Destmtr. " A blind ditch," HoUnshed, Hist. England, p. 200. " A bhnd letter that wil in short time be wome out," Nomenclator, p. 9. BLIND-BALL. A fungus. Var. dial. BLIND-BUCK-AND-DAVY. BUnd-man's buff. Somerset. BLIND-BUZZART. A cockchafer. Salop. BLINDERS. Bhnkers. North. A bhnding- bridle, a bridle with blinkers. BLINDFELLENE. To blindfold. Pr. Pan. BLIND-HOB. Blind-man's buff. See the No- menclator, p. 298. The term is still in use, according to Forbv. BLIND-HOOKY. A game at cards. BLINDING-BOARD. Florio has, "Blinda, a blindinff bord for a curst cow." BLIND-MAN'S-BUFF. A well-known children's game, traced by Strutt to an early period. A kind of puff-ball is so called. BLIND-MAN'S-HOLYDAY. Darkness. Var. dial. Florio has, " Feridio, vacancy from la- bour, rest from worke, blindman^s holyday." BL1ND-M.\RES. Nonsense. Devon. BLIND-NETTLE. Wild hemp. Ueron. BLINDS. A term given to a black fluor about tiie vein in a mine. See Ray's English Words, ed. 1674, p. 118; Kennett's Glossary, MS. Lansd. 1033. BLIND-SIM. Blind-man's buff. Bast. BLIND-THARM. The bowel-gut. Durham. This term is given by Kenuett, MS. Lansd. 1033. {A..S.) BLIND-WORM. A slow-worm. Formerly considered venomous, and still dreaded in some parts of the country for its supposed noxious qualities. BLINE. A kind of wood. Skinner. BLINK. (1) A spark of fire, ghmmering or in- termittent hght. West. (2) To evade. Yorksh. (3) To smile ; to look kindly, generally applied to females. North. A substantive. Test, of Creseide, 226. (4) According to Kennett, MS. Lansd. 1033, " a term in setting, when the dog is afraid to make his point, but being over-aw'd, comes back from the sent. " BLINKED. Sharp, stale, appUed to beer. Kennett and Skinner have the word as be- longing to Cheshire and Lincolnshire respec- tively. Forby gives the term a different meaning ; " the beer which we call blinked has no acidity, but an ill flavoiu- pecuhar to itself." BLINKER. A term of contempt. North. BLINKS. Cotgrave has, " Bristes, boughes rent by hunters from trees, and left in the view of a deere, or cast overthwart the way wherein he is likely to passe, thereby to hinder his running, and to recover him the better; our wood-men call them blinkes." BLINNE. To cease. {A.-S.) Also, to stop, to delay. See Chaucer, Cant. T. 16639 ; Ritson's Songs, i. 28, 49; Wright's Pol. Songs, p. 212; Death of Robert, Eari of Huntingdon, p. 93 ; Chron. Vilodun. p. 60 ; Romeus and Juliet, p. 17; Sir Cleges, 133. Ben Jonson, ^^. 289, has it as a substantive. BLIRT. To crv. North. BLISCED. Blessed. He blisced Gawaynet, And Gueheres, and Gaheriet. Arthour and Merlin, p 174. BLISFUL. Jorfid; blessed. (A.-S.) BLISH-BLASH. Sloppy dirt. North. BLISSE. (1) To bless. {A.-S.) (2) To wound. (Fr.) BLISSENE. Ofjoys,gen.pl. (A.-S.) Love is blUsene mest, love is hot jare. Wrights Jiiec. Lit. p. 96. BLISSEY. Ablaze. JTilts. BLISSOM. Bhthesome. Var. dial. The term is appMed to the ewe when maris appetens, and occasionally to the male. BLIST. (1) Blessed. See Percy's ReUques, p. 80. Blisteing, blessing. Amis and Amiloun, 127 ; btisted, blessed, ib.344. (2) Rejoiced > (A.-S.) The lioun breraly on tham biisr. Ytcaine and Cawin, 3163. BLIT. Blighty. Dorset. BLITH. Face ; visage. See Kennett's Glos- sary, MS. Lansd. 1033. BLIVE. Quickly ; immediatelv. See Belive. Cf. Ellis's Met^. Rom. ii. 334; Robin Hood, i. 125; Launfal, 702; Erie of Tolous. 1060; Chron. Vil. p. 70 ; Troilus and Creseide, i. 596. BLO. Blue ; livid. More particularly the ap- pearance of flesh after a good beating. It is the gloss o{ fulfils in Rchq. .\utiq. i. 8. derives ben to him y-go; Guy they find blacke and bio. Ellw's Met. Rom. ii. 13. BLOA. Cold ; raw. Line. BLOACH. A tumour. Skinner. BLO 187 BLO BLOACHER. Auy large animal. North. BLOAT. To dry by smoke. More latterly ap- plied exclusively to bloat -herrings or bloaters, which are dried herrings. BLOAZE. A blaze. North. BLOB. (1) A lilunt termination to a thing tliat is usually more pointed. A bluli nose, one with a small hump on it at the end. Huloct has, "blohhe clicked, bncconcs.lnwulentus." Water- blobs are water-lilies. Also a small lump of anything thick, viscid, or dirty. (2) The lower lip. Wit hung her blob, ev*n Huinourseem'd to mourn. Collins' lUiecellanies, 1702, p. 122. (3) A bubble ; a blister. North. BLOBEU. A buhlile. PaLsgrave. BLOB-MILK. MUk with its cream mingled. Yorksh. BLOB-SCOTCH. A bubble. Yorksli. BLOCK. (1) The wooden mould on which the crown of a liat is formed. Hence it was also used to signify the form or fashion of a liat. Ves, in truth, we have t,lui-ks for all head^ ; we have g'lOii store of wild oats here. jyirfd/crM», iil. 107. (2) The Jack at the game of bowls. See Florio, in V. Iluttiro, Lccco. BLOCKER. A hroada.\e. North. Sometimes called a block-ing-axe. BLOCK-HORSE. A strong wooden frame with four handles, usually calk-d a hand-barrow, for the piu'iiosc of carrying lilocks. East. BLOCKSTICK. A club ;'a cudgel. North. The term occurs in Reliq. .Vntic). i. 84. BLOCK-WHEAT. Buck-wheat. See CotgraTC, in V. Drai/ie. BLODY. liy blood ; of, or in, blood. {A..S.) BLOGGY. To sidk ; to be sullen. Exmoor. BLOMAN. A trumpeter. BLOME. (1) To flourish. Ps. Colt. (2) A blossom. BLOME-UOWN. Clumsy ; clownish. Dorset. BLOMMEK. Noise ; uproar. Skelton. BLONC. White. In Relitj. Antiq. i. .37, we have. " I'ltcl/oriim album, alebre blonc." BLONCKET. Grey. Sjiemer. BLONDRIN. To toil ; to bluster ; to blunder. Chaucer. BLONK. Sullen. Also, to disappoint. North. BLONKE. A steeil ; a war-horse. Myghte no btuukte theme here, thos bustous chiirlles. Mort« Arthure, MS. Linailn, f. tilt. BLONT. Dull ; heavy. Chaucer. BLOO. To blow. Thaif thay sawe stormca hlng and tedious time to gel it to bultiT. Norf. BLOT. A term at the game at backgauiuiou, * BLO 188 BLU man in danger of being taken up being called a blot. The word has been long in use, and is found in Florio, ed. 1611, p. 73. BLOTCH-PAPER. Blotting paper. Var. dial. BLOTE. Dried. BLOTEN. Excessively fond. North. BLOTHER. To chatter idly. North. Super- fluous verbiage is called blotherment, and a stupid person is said to be t/hthered. I blunder, I bluster, I blowe, and I bli>ther ; 1 make on the one day, and I marre on the other. SkeUt>3i*s Works, i. 259. BLOTS. The eggs of moths. Kmnett's Glos- sary, MS. Lamd. 1033. BLOUDSUPPER. A murderer ; a blood-sucker. See Bale's Kynge Johan, p. 43 ; Hall, Richard HI. f. 9. BLOUGHTY. Swelled ; puffed. Hall. BLOUNCHET. Blanched ; whitened. Take almondes, and grynde horn when thai byn blounchet, and tempurhom on fysshe day wythwyn, and on flesheday with broth of flesh. Ordinances and Regulations, p. 429. BLOUSE. A bonnet ; a woman with hair or head-dress loose and disordered, or decorated ■with vulgar tinerj'. East. Thoresbyhas, " a blowse or blawze, proper to women, a blos- som, a mid rinish girl, proud light skirts ;" and Kennett, MS. Lansd. 1033, "a girl or wench whose face looks red by running abroad in the wind and weather, is calld a dloit::, and said to have a blouzing coloiu-." The word occm's in this last sense in Tusser, p. 24 ; Hey wood's Edward IV. p. 02 ; Clarke's Phrase- ologia Puerilis, 1653, p. 380 ; Kennett's Glos- sary, p. 30. Bloiresse, Hall's Satires, p. 4. To be in a blouse, to look red from heat, a phrase that is used by Goldsmith in the Vicar of Wakefield. In some glossaries, hlousy, wild, disordered, confused. BLOUTE. Bloody. {A.-S.) BL0U3MAX. A ploughman. And swantore than evere ani blou^man. With foule farinde chere. MS. Laud. 108, f. 159. BLOW. (1) A blossom. Also a verb, to blos- som. Var. dial. (2) A bladder. Devon. (3) A word used by the head of a body of reap- ers. He cries " blow !" when, after a fatiguing exertion, it is time to take breath. BLOW-BALL. Tlie corn-flower. Bloweth, tlaverole, Reliq. Antiq. ii. 80. Her treading would not bend a blade of grass, Or shake the downy blow-ball from his stalk ! Sad Shepherd, p. 8. BLOWBELLOWS. A pair of bellows. Salop. BLOWBOLL. A drunkard. Thou biynkerd blotvboU, thou wakyst to late. Skelton*3 Worha, i. 23. BLOWE. To blow ; to breathe. (.-/.-S.) " His browj-s began to blowe," to perspire ? Tor- rent of Portugal, p. II. BLOWER. A fissure in the broken strata of coal, from which a feeder or current of inflam- mable air discharges. North. BLOWING. (I) A"blossom. Wilts. (2) Apparently the egg of a bee, Harrison's De- scription of England, p. 229. BLOW-MAUNGER. A full fat-faced person ; one whose cheeks seem puffed out. Ej:moor. BLOW-MILK. Skimmed mUk. North. BLOWN. Swelled ; inflated. Hence, proud, insolent. Also, stale, worthless. A cow or beast is said to be blown, when in pain from the fennentation of green food. Meat im- pregnated viWh the eggs of flies is called blown, and bloated herrings are frequently termed blown-hprrinys, BLOW-POINT. A children's game, conjectured byStrutt toconsist in blowingan arrowthrough a trunk at certain numbers by way of lotteiy. Nares thinks it was blowing small pins or points against each other. See Apollo Shro- ving, 1C27, p. 49 ; Hawkins' Engl. Dram. iii. 243 ; Strutt's Sports, p. 403 ; Florio, ed. I6II, p. 506. BLOWRE. A pustule. {Teut.) BLOWRY. Disordered ; untidy. Warm. BLOWS. Trouble ; exertion. Salop. BLOWT. To make a loud complaining noise. North. BLOWTH. A blossom. West. The term is used by Sir Walter Raleigh. See Diversions of Purley, p. 622. BLOXFORD. A jocular and satirical corruption of the name of O.xford, quasi Block's-ford, or the ford of Blockheads. Nares. BLOYSH. Blueish. Smale bloysh flouris owt of hym lawnchis. Arch, XXX. 373. BLU. Blew. BLUB. To sweU. BLUBBER. (1) A bubble. East. The verb occurs in Syr Gawayne. (2) To cry'. 'Var. dial. " By these blubber'd cheeks," Dido, Queen of Carthage, p. 56. BLUBBER-GRASS. Different species of bro- mns, from their soft inflated glumes ; in par- ticular mollis, which infests barren pastures. East. BLUE. (1) Bloom. Devon. (2) Ale. Somerset. (3) To " look blue," to look disconcerted, a com- mon phrase. " True blue will never stain," another phrase mentioned by Strutt, ii. 215. A blue-apron statesman is a tradesman who meddles with politics. BLUE-BOTTLE. A term of reproach for a servant or beadle, their dresses having formerly been blue. BLUE-BOTTLES. The blue flowers wliich grow among wheat. Oxon. BLUE-CAPS. Meadow scabious. Yorksh. Kennett, MS. Lansd. 1033, mentions a kind of stone so called. BLUE-ISAAC. The hedge-sparrow. Glouc. BLUE-JOHN. Fluor spar. Derbysh. BLUE-MILK. Old skimmed milk. Yorksh. In London milk is often called sky-blue, BLUE-VINNIED. Covered with blue mould. South. BLU 189 BOA BLUFF. (1) Surly; churlish. Sou/h. (2) A tin tuhe tlirough which hoys blow peas. Suffoli. (3) To blindfold. North. Blufted, hoodwinked. Bluffs, bhnkers. Line. BLUFFER. A landlord of an inn. BLUFFIN. To bluster; to swagger. Staff. BLUFTERS. Blinkers. Line. BLUNDER. (1) Confusion; trouble. Also a verb, to disturb, as in Palsgrave. Thus hold thay us hundcr. Thus thay bryng us in blonder. I'ou'netey Mysteries, p, 98. (2) To blunder water, to stir or puddle, to make it thick and muddy. This is given as aYorkshire word by Kennett,'MS. Lansd. 1033. BLUNDERBUSS. A stupid fellow. Nortli. BLUNGE. To blend, or break whilst in a state of maceration ; a term used by potters. A Hunger is a long flat wooden instrument, with a cross handle at the top, used for mixing or dissolWug clav in water. BLUNK. (1) A 'steed. Gate. (2) Squally ; tempestuous. East. Also, to snow, to emit sparks. Any light flaky body is called a blunk. A blunk of weather is a fit of stormy weather. BLUNKET. A white stuff, probably woollen. Gaw. A light blue colour is so called. See Topsell's Beasts, p. 461; Florio, cd. 1011, p. 4 78 ; Cotgravc, in v. /nrfe. BLUNT. At tops, when the top flies away out of the hand without spintiing, " that's a blunt." Cotgravc has, " l/atre lefer, to play at hlunt, or at foyles." It is also a well-known slang term for money. BLUR. A blot. North. Blurry, a mistake, a blunder. " Broght on blure," deceived, ridi- culed, Towneley .Myst. p. 310. Some copies of Pericles, iv. 4, read blurred instead of blurted. BLURT. An interjection of contempt. "Blurt, master constable," a fig for the constable, seems to have been a proverl)ial jjlirase. To blurt at, to hold in contempt. Nareit. Florio translates Imcclierjijiiire, " to make niouthcs or blurt Willi ones lips ;" and chicchere, " a flurt with ones fingers, or blurt with ones mouth in seornc or derision." See Howell's English Proverbs, p. 14 ; Middlcton, iii. 30; Malone's Shakespeare, xxi. 162. \t:s. that 1 am for fault of a better, quoth he. Why then, Murr.' inaUtcr constable, ftnles the other, and clapping spurres to his horiiC, gallop'd away amaine. Jesls to nuikoyou Merie, H)*»7, p.fi. BLUSH. Resemblance; look. Uluxhe, to \no\i ; and Ijlusschamlr. blushing, glittering, occur in Syr (lawayne. To bluslt up, to clear up, to be fine, spoken of the weather. BLUSHET. One who blushes. BLUST. Ensipelatons inflammation. Yorksh. BLUSTER.\T1(JN. Blustering. North. BLUSTER-WOOD. The shoots of fruit trees or sbnilis that require to be iiruneil out. East. BLUSTRE.N. To wander or stray along without any particular aim. But hlw^rtden forth as beestes Over bankef and hillcs. PUri Ploughman, p. 108. BLUSTROUS. Blustering, far. dial. BLUTER. Dirty. See Robin Hood, i. 105. Also a verb, to blot, to dirty, to blubber. North. Jamieson has, "blutler, a term of reproach, Dumfr." BLUTTER. To speak nonsensically. BLUV. To believe. East. BLW. (1) Blew. Gaw. (2) Blue. Gryndylstons in grweli with tho blw brolhes. Heliq.^ntiq. i. 8 BLY. Likeness ; resemblance. East. It is a provincial form of blee, q. v. BLYCANDE. Shining; ghttering. {A.-S.) BLYDE. Blithe; glad. {A.-S.) BLYFE. Quickly. See lilive. The world bedyth me batayll blyfe. MS. Omiab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 16. Florent told her also bli/f. Octovian, 725. BLYKKED. Shone; glistened. [A.-S.) BLYLK. Splendour? {A.-S.) See Cat. Douce MSS. p. 36. Perhajis an error for blyss. BLYNK. To blind.' We Englysmen theron shuldc thynke. That envye us nat b:ynk. US. Harl. Ijol, f. 28. BLYSCHEDE. Started. The lady Uy^chcde up In the beddc, Seho saw the clothes alle by-blede. MS. Lincoln A. i. 1?. f. 99. The kyng blym-hit one the beryne with his brodc cghne. Mortv ^Irthure, MS. Lincoln, f. 54. BLYSSYD. ^A'ounded. {A.-N.) Whenne I hym had a strok i-fet. And wolde have bltiitni/d hym bet. No moo strokes wolde he abyde. Wcliard Coer de Lion, 546. BLYSTE. Actively? To be thairc bcschope blcthely thay bedde the so bli/sle. MS. Linaitn A. i. 17, f.233. BLYTHE. Appearance. Loke thy naylys ben clene in bttjthe. Lest thy felaghe iothc thcrwyth. Buke of CurtayyCt p. 3. BO. (1) A hobgoblin. North. (2) Both. (3) But. Heame. BOALLING. Drinking. See Stonihiirst's De- scription of Ircl.ind, p. IG. And I would to God that in our time also wee had not just eauj-e to complaine of this vicious plant of unmeasurnble boalling. Lambardti'a Per. ambulation, ITM, p. 356. BOAR. A clown. Sec Howell, sect, x.vii ; and its svnonymes. BOAR-CAT. A Tom-cat. Kent. HOARD. (1) To adilrcss ; to accost. (2) An old cant term for a shiUing. See Mid- dlelon's Works, ii. 512 ; Earlc's Microcosmo- graphy, p. 254 ; Brit. Bibl. ii. 521. (3) A kind of excavation. North. BOARD. Sec Horde. BOARDER. Made nf board. Trent. BOARDINO-liRinfiE. A plank laid across a running stream as a subsiilule for a bridge. West. BOB 190 BOC BOAR-SEG. A pig kept as a irawn for three or four years. Salop. A gelded boar is called a boar-stag. BOAR-THISTLE. The cardmts lanceolatus, Lin. BOB. (1) To cheat. See Lydgate's Minor Poems, p. 261; Sevjn Sagesi 2246; Sir Thomas More, p. 19; Shak. Soc. Pap. i. 22; Beau- mont and Fletcher, iii. 484. (2) A taunt or scoff. To " give the bob," a phrase equivalent to that of giving the door, or im- posing upon a person. (3) A blow. See Cotgrave, in v. Blanc; 2 Promos and Cassandra, iii. 2 ; BiUingsly's Brachy-MartTTologia, 1657, p. 168; Tusser, p. 315 ; With'als' Dictionarie, ed. 1608, p. 229. (4) A louse ; any small insect. Hants. "Spiders, ioiJs, and lice," are mentioned in MS. Addit. 11812, f. 16. (5) To fish. North. A partinilar method of taking eels, called hotthing., is described in Blorae's Gent. Rec. ii. 185.' (6) A baU. Yorksh. (7) The engine beam. North. (8) Pleasant ; agreeable. Dyche. (9) A bunch. North. They saw also thare vynes growe with wondere grete bobbis of grapes, for a mane myjte unnethez here ane of thame. 3LS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 42. (10) To disappoint. North. (11) The pear-shaped piece of lead at the end of the line of a carpenter's or mason's level. East. (12) " Bear a bob," be brisk. East. (13) A joke; a trick. BOBAN. Pride ; vanity. {A.-N.) See Chaucer, Cant. T. 6151 ; Tyrwhitt, iv. 224 : Lydgate's Minor Poems, p. 25 ; Octovian, 1550. So prout he is, and of so gret bobnn. Gy of IVarwike, p. 95. And am y-come wyth the to fijt For al thy grete bobbaunce. MS. Ashmole 33, f. 5. BOB-AND-HIT. Blind-man's-butf. This name of the game is given by Cotgrave, in v. Savate. BOBBANT. Romping.' n'ilts. BOBBEROUS. Saucy ; forward. West. Mr. Hartshorne says bobber is a familiar term ap- phed good-naturedly to anv one. BOBBERY. A squabble ; a tumult. Var. dial. BOBBIDEN. Butfeted; struck. See the Re- liq. Antiq. ii. 45, 47. Take hede whan that oure Saveoure Was bobbid, and his visige alle be-spet. OccIe«e, MS. So.: Antii/. 134, f. 271. Ve thoght ye had a full gode game, When ye my sone with butTettes bobbydd, MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 4?. They dampnede hym, despysede hym, and spytte in his faire face : they hillide his enghne, and bobbyd hym, and withe many dispysynges and reprevynges they travelde hym hougely. MS. Lincoln A. i. 1", f. 180. BOBBIN. A small fagot. Kent. BOBBING-BLOCK. A block that persons can strike ; an unresisting fool. Became a foole, yea more then that, an asse, A bobbing-blockCt a beating stocke, an owle. Cascoi^e's Devises, p. 337. BOBBTSH. Pretty well in health; not quite sober ; somewhat clever, far. dial. BOBBLE-COCK. A tmkey-cock. North. BOBBS. According to Kennett, MS. Lansd. 1033, " the potters put their leaded hollow wares into sbragers. i. e. course metalld pots made of marie, wherein they put commonly three pieces of clay calld bobbs for the ware to stand on, and to keep it from stickiug to the shrager." Staff. BOBBY. (1) To strike ; to hit. The clooth byfore thi eyen to. To bobby the thay knyt hit so. MS. .4ddit. 11748, f. 145. (2) Smart ; neat. North. BOBBY-WREN. The common wien. East. BOB-CHERRY. A chilih-en's game, consisting in jumping at cherries above their heads, and trying to catch them with their mouths. BOBET. A butfet or stroke. Prompt. Parv. BOBETTE. Buffeted. The Oxford MS. reads boiled, as quoted in Warton, ii. 106. Whyehe man here abowte bobette the laste, MS. Colt. Calig. A. ii. f. 1U9. BOBETTS. Thick pieces. " Bobetts of grete elys" are mentioned in the Reliq. Antiq. i. 306. BOBOLYNE. A stupid person ? Be we not bobolynes, Sutch lesinges to beleve. Skelton, ii, 445. BOBTAIL. (1) To cut off the tail. See Stani- hurst's Description of Ireland, p. 24. (2) In archery, the steel of a shaft or arrow that is small-breasted, and big towards the head. Kersey. BO BY. Cheese. West. BOC. A book. Rob. Glouc. BOCARDO. The old north gate at Oxford, taken down in the last centurv\ It was former^y used as a prison for the lower sort of crimi- nals, drunkards, bad women, and poor debtors. It was also a term for a particular kind of syllogism ; but there does not appear to be any connexion between the two words. See Ridlev's Works, p. 359 ; Middleton, ii. 120. BOCASIN. A kind of buckram. See Florio, ed. 1611, p. 63 ; Howell, sect. xxv. BOCCONE. Amorseh BOCE. To emboss. Palsgrave. BOCELERIS. Bucklers ; shields. Weber. BOCHANT. A forward gu-1. Wilts. BOCHE. A swelling ; a boil. (^.-A'.) BOCHER. A butcher. Weber. " Bochen,-," butchery, butchers' meat, Table Book, p. 147. Cf. Piers Ploughman, p. 14 ; Ordinances and Regidations, p. 92. A fish called a bocher is mentioned in Brit. Bibl. ii. 490. BOCHIS. Bushes. Or upon bochi-i grown slone or hawes. So ofte and ofter I sygh for yowre sake. MS. Cantab. Ff. i. C,f. \2, BOCHOUSE. A librar)'. See Jyenhyte. BOCHT. Bought. Keimett. BOCK. Fear. Devon. BOCKE. Palsgrave has, " I bocke, I bclche, je roucte. I bocke upon one, I loke upon hym disdaynfiilly to provoke hym to anger,^? aposte. BOD 191 BOG I bocke as a tode dothc, I make a noyse, je groulle." See his Table of Verbes, f. 109. Bockmg, flowing out, Robin Hood, i. 103. BOCKEREL. A long-winged hawk. BOCKNE. To teach ; to press upon. BOCLE. A buckle. BOCRAME. Buckram. BOCSUMNESSE. Obedience. See Rob. Glouc. pp. 234, 318. BOCTAIL. A had woman. Coles. BOCULT. Buckled. BOCUR. A kind of bird. He brojt a heron with a poplere. Curlews, loairs, bothe in fere. MS. Cnnlah. Ff. v. 48, f. 49. BOD. To take the husks off walnuts. Jl'il/s. BODDLE. A small iron instrument which woodmen use for peeling oaks and other trees. North. BODDUM. Principle. North. BODE. (1) Remaiued. {A.-S.) (2) A stay or delay. {A.-S.) Also a verb, as in Skclton, i. 8. ^3) An omen. Also, to forbode. Still in use. Boder, a messenger, MS. Lansd. 1033. (4) Commanded. {A.-S.) Also a substantive, as in Amadas, 682. (5) A message ; an offer. See Richard Coer de Lion, 1359 ; Arthonr and Merlin, p. 76 ; Leg. Cathol. p. 28 ; Langtoft, p. 61. (6) Addressed ; prayed. Also, bidden, invited, as in Robin Hood, i. 40. (7) Board, as " board and lodging." {A.-S. beod.) The term occurs in Piers Ploughman, p. 493, and the verb is still in use according to Forby, i. 31. Bode-chiih, a table-cloth. BODED. Overlooked ; infatuated. Devon. BODELOUCE. A body-louse. BODERING. The lining of the skirt of a wo- man's petticoat. Holme. BODGE. (1) A patch. Also, to patch clum- sily. Hence, to boggle, to fail, as in 3 Henry VI. i. 4. It is also explained, " to begin a task and not complete it." (2) A kind of measure, probably half a pc('k. See Songs of the London Prentices, p. 76 ; Jonson's New Inn, i. .'). Hence, perhaps, bodyer, Harrison's Description of England, p. 202, which we have already had under badger. BODILY. Excessively ; entirely. North. BODIN. Commandc, or tankard, with a cover to it. See Arch, xxiii. 26 ; LvdgJite, p. 52 ; Piers Ploughman, pp. 83. 99. ' Do now, ami ful the bo//e, And je Bchal here of pympurnolle. .US. .SV..n...-J457. f. II BOLLE D. Struck ; huffctcd. 5lf thou l)e prophcte of pris, prophecie, they Bayde, Wlnehe man here aljouli- l.»llrtl the laBte. MS. Luud. 6S6, r. 1. BOLLEN. To swell. (A.-S.) BOLLEH. A drtuikard. Cf. Towneley Mvst. p. 242. The prestos and prynces gun hem arayc, Bothe boilers of wyne and eche a gadlyng. MS. Harl. 1701, f. 87. BOLLE WED. Ball-weed. BOLLE YNE. Bullion. Arch, xviii. 137. BOLLING. A pollard. Var. rlial. BOLLS. The ornamental knobs on a bedstead. See Howell, sect. 12. BOLLYNE. To peck. Pr. Pan. BOLLYNGE. Swelling. {A.-S.) Bile and blister bullj/nge sore On alle his folke lasse and more. Cw.-vr .WuiKii, MS. Coll. Trin. CaMab. f. 38. BOLNED. Emiioldened. BOLNEDE. Swelled. {A.-S.) Wyndis wexe bothe wildeand wodc, Wawes bohiede in tiic flode. MS. Lincoln A. I. 17, f. 12S. The kyng say this and wepte sore. How mennes bodies bolned wfre CurmrMumli, MS. C. A round moulding. BOLTING-HUTCH. The wooden receptacle into which the meal is sifted. BOLTIN(;S. .Meetings for disputations, or pri- vate arguing of cases, in the inns of court. Kennett, MS. Lansd. 1033, says, " An exer- cise perfouncl in the inns of Court infcriour to mooting." BOLTS. The herb crowfoot; the ranunculus giobosus, according to (icrard, wlu) inserts it in his list of obsolete plants. It is perhaps the same with, " bolle, petilium, tribulum," Piompt. Parv. p. 43. BOLT'S-UEAD. A long, straight-necked glass 13 BON 194 BON vessel or receiver, gradually rising to a coni- cal figure. 130LYE. Huloet has, "iolije or plummet whyche mariners use, bolis." BOLYON. A small kind of button, used as fast- enings of hooks, &c. but sometimes a merely ornamental stnd or boss, and employed in various ways, as on tlie covers of books and other articles. See Bullions. BOLYS. Bowls. BOMAN. A hobgoblin or kidnapper. BOMBARD. (1) A large (Wukiug can, made of leather. Heywood mentions, " the great black-jacks, and bombards at the court, which when the Frenchmen first saw, they reported, at their return into their country, that the Englishmen used to drink out of their boots." Hall, in his Satires, vi. 1, talks of charging " whole boots-full to their friends welfare." See Boots. Hence bombard-man, a man who cairied out bquor. Botnbort, a person who serves liquor, Peele's Jests, p. 27. (2) A kind of cannon. See Florio, ed. 1611, pp. 100, 112, 127. Bom/jardille, a smaller sort of bombard. Arch. xi. 436 ; .\le\Tick, ii. 291. Bombard words, high-sounding words. Death of Robert, Earl of Huntingdon, p. 50. (3) A musical instrument. (-i.-X) See Ritson's Met. Rom. iii. 190. In suche acorde and suche a soune, Of bombarde and of clarion. Cnwei; MS. Sue. Aniiq. 134, f. 24.5. BOMB.\RDS. Padded breeches. BOMBASE. Cotton. Here shrubs of Malta, for my meaner use. The fine white bals of bumlace do produce. Du Bartas, p. 27. .BOMBAST. Originally cotton, and hence ap- plied to the stutfing out of dress, because usually done with that material, and often employed metaphorically. It is also a verb. Cf. Florio, in V. (Jnafalio, Imbottire ; Dekker's Knight's Conjuring, p. 45. To flourish o're, or httmhfVit out my stile. To make such as not understand me smile. Taylors XtiMo, 1G23. BOMBAZE. To confound ; to bewilder ; to per- plex. East. BOMBONE. To hum, as bees. Palsgrave has, " I bomme as a bombyll bee dothe, or any fiye,je bruys." BOMESWISH. Helter-skelter. /. Wight. BOMING. Hanging down. Somerset. BON. (1) A band. " To work in the ban," signi- fies the employment of a coUier when he la- bours an entire day in stocking coals down. (2) Prepared. Richard Goer de Lion, 1625. (3) Good. {A.-N.) (4) Bound. (5) Bane ; destruction. Who that may his bon be. Perceval, 1.138. BOX.\BLE. Strong; able. Howell has, " ioii- age, or all the bones," Lex. Tet. Sect. 1. BONAIR. Civil ; courtly ; gentle. {A.-N.) Spelt also bonere. See Se\7n Sages, 307 ; Kyng Ahsaunder, 6732; Sir Tristrem, p. 152; Reliq. Antiq. ii. 28 ; Chester Plays, i. 75 ; Apol. Loll. p. 94. Housewifly loke thin house, and allethin meyne, To bitter ne to boner withe hem ne schalt thou be. The Goade Hi/, p. 11. BONA-ROBA. A courtezan, {/tal.) See Cotgrave, in v. Robbe ; Tarltou's Jests, p. 63. Once a boua-roba, trust me. Though now buttock-shrunk and rusty. Bariiaby's Journal. BONA-SOCIAS. Good companions. BONCE. A kind of marble. BONCHEF. Prosperity; opposed to niiscA(>f, misfortune. See Prompt Parv. p. 144 ; Syr Gawayne, p. 65. That in thi mischef forsakit the nojtb, TJiat in thi bouchef axii the no5th. Reliq. Atttiq. ii. 18. BONCHEN. To beat. Qu. bonched. Piers Ploughman, p. 5, beat, conquered. And right tbrthewilh of hertely repentaunce, They bonchen theire brestis with fistes wondre soore, Lydgate, MS. Ashm. 39, f. 47. BOND. Bondage. " Bondes, beudeaus," Reliq. Antiq. ii. 83, bands, a common form. BO.NDAGER, A cottager, or senant in husban- dry, who has a house for the year at an under rent, and is entitled to the produce of a certain quantity of potatoes. For these advantages he is bound to work, or find a substitute, when called on, at a fijied rate of wages, lower than is usual in the country. Brociett. BONDEMEN. Husbandmen. (A.-S.) BONDENE. Bound. See Langtoft, p. 238. Bonden, subjection, Towneley Myst. p. 51. A birde brighteste of ble Stode faste bondene tille a Cre. Sir Perceval, 1H30. BONDERS. Binding stones. BONDY. A simpleton. Yorksh. BONE. (1) Good. {A.-N.) See Torrent of Portugal, p. 86 ; Bale's Kynge Johan, p. 41 ; Hall, Edward IV. f. 19. (2) Ready. Whan he sauh that Roberd for wroth turned so sone, And nothing ansuerd, bot to wend was alle bone. Peter Liniglofl, p. 99. (3) A petition ; a request ; command. {A.-S.) See Audelay's Poems, p. 15 ; Minot's Poems, p. 15; Cov. Mvst. p. 28; Warton, i. 89; Chester Plays, i. 42. (4) A ship is said to carry a bone in her mouth, and cut a feather, when she makes the water foam before her. Howell. (5) To seize ; to arrest. BONE-ACE. A game at cards. Florio, in v. Trentiino, mentions " a game at cards called one and thirtie, or bone-ace." But what shall bee our game ? Primero ? Gleeke f Or one and thirty, bone-ace, or new-cut ? Machivells Vogge, 1617. BONE-.\CHE. Lues venerea. Likewise called the bone-ague. Which they so dearly pay for, that oft times They a bone-ague get to plague their crimes. Clobery's Divine Glimpses, 1059, p. 35. BONE-CART. The body. -Moor gives it as a BOX 195 BOO verb, to cam- on the shoulder articles more fltted from their weight to be moved in a cart. BONE-CLEANER. A servant. /. JIli/At. BONE-DRY. Perfectly drf. BONE-FLOWER. A daisy. North. BONE-GRACE. A border attached to a bonnet or projecting hat to defend the complexion. Sometimes a mere shade for the face, a kind of veil attached to a hood. Cotgrave says, in v. Comette, " a fashion of shadow, or booncgracc, used iu old time, and at this day by some old women." See Florio, ed. 1611, p. .'ilO; Baret's Ahcarie, B. 922 ; Beaumont and Fletcher, iii. 246; Collier's Hist. Dram. Poet, ii. 387. In Scotland the term is still in use, applied to a large bonnet or straw-hat. Her botigracet which she ware with her Frencli hodc Whan she wente cute alwayes for sonne bornynge. The Pardoner and the Frere, l.')33. BONE-HOSTEL. Lodging. Gaw. BONE-LACE. Lace worked on bobbins, or bones, q. v. And hence the term, according to Kennett, MS. Lansd. 1033. Sec Strutt, ii. 99 ; Unton Inventories, p. 30 ; .\reh. xi. 90. BONE-LAZY. Excessively indolent, BONELESS. A kind of ghost. See Scot's Discoverie of Witchcraft, 1584, quoted in Ritson's Essay on Fairies, p. 45. BONENE. Of'bones, gen. pi. Thah thou muclic thcnche, Ne spel^ thou iiout al ; Bynd thine tonge With bonene wal. KWiVy. Atttir:. i. 112. BONERYTE. Gentleness. (.-/.-.V.) Tticre bflh twey wymmen yn a cyt6 Of iO moche bmiert/fL, That alle tlie penaunce that thou mayst do, Ne may nat rcciie here godenes to. MS. Harl. 1701, f. 13. BONES. (1) Dice. Rowley. And on the horde he whyrlcd a payre of bnnea, ^ater treye dewa he clatercd as he wente. Skelton's ti'orke, i. 43. (2) To make no bones of a thing, to make no difficulty aliout it. See Cotgrave, in v. Diffi- culter. In Holinshed, Cliron. Ireland, p. 72, mention is made of the jiroverb, " better a castell of hones than of stones." (3) The carcase of a hog is divided into two parts, 1. the flick, the outer fat, which is cured for bacon ; 2. the Aoiws, consisting of the other part of it. (4) Bobbins for making lace. North. BONESETTER. A rough trotting horse. Soiitli. A doctor is occasionally so called. BONE-SII.WE. The sciatica. Devon. The following is a noted charm for tliis complaint. " Bone-shave right : Bone-shave straight ; As the wattT runs by the stave, Good for bonc-ehave." BONE-SORE. Very idle. West. Sometimes bone-tired is iiscrl in the same sense. BONET. A kind of small caji worn close to the head. See Planche's British Costume, p. 2 1 3. Hidoet has, " bonnet or imdereappe, galericn- liim ;" which Elyot translates, " an under bonet or rydynge cappe." BONEY. A cart-mare. Siiffoli. BONGAIT. To fasten. Cuwb. BONIIOMME. A priest. S/thmer. BONIE. Kennett, MS. Lansd. 1033, has, "abonie on the head, a blowor wound on the head. Ess." BONITO. A kind of tunny-fish, mentioned in Beaumont and Fletcher, vi. 331. BONKE. A bank ; a height. {.-t.-S.) BONKER. Liirge; strap]>ing. East. Also to outdo another in feats of agiUtv. BONKET. A huckle-bone. See Cotgrave, in T. Astrayale. Howell, sect. 28, mentions a game, " to plav at bonket, or huckle-bone." BONNAGHT. A tax paid to the lord of the manor, a custom formerly in vogue in Ireland. See Hohnshed, Chron. Ireland, p. 78. BONNE. To bend .> See Chester Play ", 136. May we read boune 7 BONNETS. Small sails. BONNILY. Pretty well. North. BONNY'. (1) Brisk ; cheerful ; in good health. Var. dial. "^ (2) Good ; valuable ; fair. North. He bail his folk fyghte harde. With spero mace, and sweord ; And he wolde, after fyght, Bonie londls to hcom dyght. Kyng AUmunder, 3903. BONNY-CLABBER. Usually explained, soui buttermilk; but Randal Ilohne, p. 173, has, '* boniclatter, cream gone thick;" and in an- other place, " boni thlobber is good milk gone thick." BONNY'-GO. Spirited; frisky. /. Wight. BONOMABIjY. Abominably, excessively. See Peele's Works, iii. 88. BONSOUR. A vault. {A.-N.) The butras com out of the diche. Of rede gold y-arched riche ; The botisour was avowed al Of ich mauer divers animal. Sir Orpheo, ed. Laing, 32i. BONTE VOL'S. Bounteous. BONTING. A binding; curved bars of iron connected together by hooks and links, and put round the outside of ovens and furnaces to prevent their swelling outwards. BONUS-NOCllES. Good night. (Span.) BONWORT. The less daisy. See Arch, xxx, 404 ; Reliq. Antiq. i. 37. BONX. To beat up batter for puddings. Essci. BONY'. .V swelling on the body arising from bruises or pressme. Pr. Pare. BOO. Both. (./.-.«.) Into the dlchc they fallen hoo. For they ne seen howe they go. Cal. of Doner MSS. p. Ii BOOBY'-HUTCII. A clumsy bihI ill-contrive ben. And that unsittynge is to htre degr^. Occleve, MS. Soc. Antiq. 134, f. 848. Thus I, whiche am a borctl clerke, Purpose for lo write a bo()I. 51. Horoirebode, surety- ship, Robin Moid. i. 43. "Saint George to borowe," i. e. St. Cieorgc being surety, n com- mon phrase in early poetry. BOS 198 BOT Thus Teveth the kyng in snrowe, Ther may no blys fro bale hym borowCt MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 75- And thus Sainct George to hon,n-e, Ye shall have shame and sorowe. Skettoii's fVorks ii. 83. BORREL. A borer or piercer. BORRID. A sow maris nppefetis. BOBRIER. An auger. Lluyd's MS. additions to Rav, Mus. Ashm. BORRO'W-PENCE. Ancient coins formerly so called in Kent. See Harrison's Description of England, p. 218. BORSE. A calf six months old. Hanf.^. BORSEN. Burst. (J.-S.) See Chester Plays, ii. 123. Borsen-bellied, ruptured. Var. dial. BORSHOLDER. A superior constable. Item that no constable, t>orshit!de)-t nor bailly, lette any man or womman to bailie, maynprise or ondirborwe. MS. Bodl. e Mus. 229. BORSOM. Obedient. Leg. Cath. p. 44. BORSTAL. According to Kennett, MS. Lansd. 1033, " any seat on the side or pitch of a hill." BORSTAX. A pick-axe. BORT. A board ; a table. This word occurs as fhe translation of merua in a ciu-ious list of words in MS. Lansd. 560, f. 45, written in Lancashire in the 15th century. BORWj\.CiE. a siu-ety. Prompt. Parv. BORWE. (1) A bower ; a chamber. (2) A town; a borough. See Sir Tristrem, p. 140 ; Leg. Cath. p. 183. (3) To save ; to guard. {A.-S.) (4) A pledge ; a surety. BORWEN. To give security or a pledge to release a person or thing ; to bail ; to borrow. (A..S.) B0R5E. Borough ; city ; castle. BOS. A game, mentioned in Moor's SuiTolk Words, p. 238. BOSARDE. A buzzard ; a species of hawk un- fit for sporting. Hence, a worthless or useless fellow, as in Piers Ploughman, p. 189. BOSC. A bush. (A.-N.) BOSC.A.GE. \ wood. See boskage, Ywaine and Gawin, 1671 ; Skelton, ii. 28. According to Blount, " that food which wood and trees yield to cattle." Cotgrave has, " Tn/uUature, bos- cage, or leafe-worke, in carving." BOSCHAYLE. A thicket ; a wood. (^.-A^.) BOSCHES. Bushes. BOSE. (1) Behoves. The synfull, he sayse, als es wrytene, Wyth pyne of the dede when he es smytene. That he thorgh payne that hym bose drye, Hymselfe forgettes when he salle dye. Hfimpote, MS. Bowes, p. 67. (2) A hollow. North. The term occurs in an early and curious vocabulary in MS. Lansd. 560, f. 45, written in Lancashire. (3) Boast ; praise ? [Lose .'] And so tille Saturday were fj-nischid and done. Of alle oure byleve sche bare the base. Legends, RawJinson MS. BOSEN. A badger. North. BOSH. A dash, or show. East. BOSHES. According to Kennett, MS. Lansd. 1033, " the bottom of the furnace in which they melt their iron ore, the sides of which furnace descend obUquely like the hopper of a mill." BOSHOLDER. A tithing-man ; the chief person in an ancient tithing of ten families. See Lambarde's Perambulation, ed. 1596, p. 27. BOSKE. Abush. ^* Xboske of hreres, la dinne," Reliq. Anticj. ii. 83. Bosky, bushy, but gene- rally explained woody, as in the Tempest, iv. 1. BOSKED. See Buske. BOSOM. (1) To eddy. Yorksh. (2) Wish ; desire. Shak. (3) Bosom-sermons are mentioned in the Egerton Papers, p. 9. BOSOMED. See King Lear, v. 1 ; and an in- stance of the word in the same sense in Hey- wood's Royall King and Loyall Subject, 1637, sig. F. iii. BOSON. A boatswain. An early form of the word occurring in the first edition of Shake- speare, and other authors. Lye,in his additions to Junius, has, " boson corrupte pro boatswain, pra-positus remigum, scaphiarius." BOSS. (1) A head or reservoir of water. See Ben Jonson, viii. 9. (2) A great stone placed at the intersection of the ribs. An architectural term. WiUis, p. 43. (3) To emboss ; to stud. (4) A hassock. North. (5) A protuberance. {A.-N.) See Chaucer, Cant. T. 3268 ; Gesta Rom. p. 446 ; Marlowe, i. 48. (6) A large marble. Jf'arw. (7) A hood for mortar. East. (8) To throw. Sussex. BOSSOCK. Large ; fat ; coarse. Also, to top and tumble clumsily. Var. dial. BOSS-OUT. A game at marbles, also called boss and span, mentioned in Strutt's Sports, p. 384. BOSSY. (1) Thick set ; corpulent. North. (2) Convex. BOSSY-CALF. A spoilt child. Dorset. BOST. (1) Pride ; boastmg. (A.-S.) (2) Aloud. Chancer. (3) Embossed. Middleton. (4) Burst. West. BOSTAL. A winding way up a very steep hill. Sussex. BOSTANCE. Boasting ; bragging. Chaucer. BOSTEN. To boast. {A.-S.) BOSTLYE. Boasting. Gaii'. BOSTUS. Boastful ; arrogant. BOSWELL. Some part of a fire-grate. Suffolk. BOT. (1) A boat. Rehq. Antiq. ii. 82. (2) A sword ; a knife ; anj-thing that bites or wounds. (3) Bit. " Mani mouthe the gres do/," slain. (4) A jobber ; a botcher. Yorksh. (5) Bought. Devon. (6) Both. (7) Unless. BOTANO. A kind of blue Unen. BOTARGE. The spawn of a mullet. BOT 199 BOT BOTARGO. A kind of salt cake, or ratlier sausage, made of the hard row of the sea mullet, eaten with oil and \inegar, but chiefly used to promote drinking. Nares. BOTCH. (1) A thump. Sussex. (2) An inflamed tumour. North. BOTCHET. Small beer mead. North. BOTCHMENT. An addition. BOTE. (1) Bit ; wounded. (^.-5.) Sec EUis's Met. Rom. ii. 77 ; Langtoft, p. 243. (2) Ate. Gau\ (3) Help ; remedy ; salvation. Also a verb, to help. " There is no bote of nianys detli," there is no help for it, Orpheo, MS. Ashmole. Bote-less, without remedy. (4) Better. Kitmn. BOTEL. A bottle. {A.-N.) BOTELER. A butler. Rob. Glouc. p. 187. Botileris, Kyiig Alisaunder, 834. BOTEMAY. Bitumen. Weler. Spelt botemeys in Kyng Alls. 4763. BOTENEN. To button. (^.-A') BOTENUS. Buttons. BOTENYNG. Help ; assistance. {A.-S.^ A wode man touched on hys bere, And a party of hys clothyng. And anone he hadde bote>ii/>'P- MS. Hurl. 1701, f. 73. BOTER. Butter. BOTE-RAIL. A horizontal rail. North. BOTERASSE. A buttress. BOTERFLIE. A butterfly. (J.-S.) BOTESCARL. A boatswain. Skinner. BOTEWS. A kind of large boot, covering the whole leg, and sometimes reaching above the knee. See Wardrobe Accounts of Edw. IV. p. 119; Howard Household Books, p. 139. BOT-FORKE. A crooked stick, the same as bum-stick, q. v. Mon in the monc stond ant strit, On is boi-forke is Ijurthen he berclh. Wright's Li/ric Poftrl/, p. 110. BOTHAN. A tumour. Devon. BOTHE. A store-house ; a shop where wares are sold. It is translated by selda in Prompt. Parv. p. 46. A booth. They robbedyn trcsnurs and clothes. And brenten towncs and lolftef. Ks/rtg AtUaunder, 3457- BOTIIEM. A watercourse. BOTHER. (1) To teaze; to annoy. Var. dial. (2) Of both, gen. pi. See Ellis's Met. Uom. iii. 63; Perceval, 31 ; JjCg. Calh. p. 52. BOTHERING. A great scolding. East. BOT-HIEK. Boat hire. BO-TllRUSH. The squalling thrush. /. Wight. BOTH-TWO. Both. Junius. UOTUUL. A cowslip? Pr. Parv. Perhaps the marigold. See Arch. xxx. 404. BOTHUM. (1) Bottom. See Ordinances and Regulations, p. 433. Mr. llartshorne gives liolliam as the Salopian word, and Kennett, MS. Lansd. 1033, as a technical word con- nected with iron ore. Botme, Prompt. Parv. p. 45. (2) A bud. {A..N.) BOTON. A button. BOTOR. A bustard. Ther was vcnisoun of hen and bora, Swanne:*, pecokts, and hotiirs. Artiifjuf and Merlin, p. lllj. BOTRACES. Venomous frogs. See a list of obsolete words prefixed to Batman uppon Bartholomc, 1582. BOTRASEN. To make buttresses to a build- ing. (A.-N.) BOTRE. A buttery. Then ussher gose to iho batrt. litike 0/ Curtasye, p. 20. BOTS. A kind of worms troublesome to horses. See Dodsley, i.\. 214 ; Men Miracles, 1656, p. 34 ; Tusser, p. 62. BOTTE. (1) A boat. (2) Bit. North. He toke the stuarde by the throte. And asondcr he it bottt;. Syr Tryamourc, 55-i. (3) A bat ; a club. He bare a botte to geve a strokk All the body of an oke. MS. Cat.liih. VS. li. 38, f. 112. He toke hys butt and forthe goyth, Swythe sory and fulle wrothe. Ibid. f. 97- BOTTLE. (1) A small portable cask, used for carrying liquor to the fields. West. " Bag and bottle," Robin Hood, ii. 54. (2) A bubble. Somerset. (3) A seat, or chief mansion house. (A.-S.) Kennett, MS. Lansd. 1033, is our authority for the provincial use of the word. It is re- tained in the names of places, as Newboltle, CO. Northampton. (4) A bundle of hay or straw. Cotgrave has, " Bolelcr, to botle or bundle up, to make into botles or bundles." A botell-horse, Ordi- nances and Kcgnlations, p. 97, a horse for carrying bundles .' Boltleman, an ostler. To look for a needle in a bottle of hay, a common proverb, which occurs in Clarke's Pbraseo- logia Puerilis, 1655. Cf. Topsell's Beasts, p. 303 ; Anecdotes and Traditions, p. 58 ; Howell, sect. 40 ; Flurio iu v. Grigne. A thousand pounds, and a bottle of hay. Is all one thing at Dooms-day. Hotcell's Engliah Proverbs, p. 1. (5) The dug of a cow. East. 6) A round moulding. 7) A pumpion. Devon. BOTTLE-BIRI). An apple rolled up and baked in a crust. East. BOTTLE-IU'MP. The bittern. East. BOTTLE-HEAD. A fool. BOTTLE-NOSE. A porpoise. East. A person with a large nose is said to he bottle-nosed. BOTTLE-UP. To treasure in one's mcmorj-. Var. dial, BOTTOM. (1; A ball of thread. See Elyot, in V. Anguinum ; Sir Thomas More, p. 41 ; Flo- rio, in v. C'i'i/o. (2) A vessel of burden. See Kennctt's Glossary. p. 21 ; Cotgrave, in v. DroicI ; Harrison's De- scription of England, p. 163. BOTTOM ER. One who drags or assists in con- BOU 200 BOU veying the coal or other produce of a mine from the first deposit to the shaft or pit. 3 JTTOMIN'G-TOOL. A narrow, concave shovel used hy drainers. .Sato/). BOTTOM-WIND. A phenomenon that occm-s ill Derwent -water. The waters of this lake are sometimes agitated in an extraordinary manner, though without any apparent cause, and in a perfectly calm day, are seen to swell in high waves, which have a progressive mo- tion from West to East. BOTTRV-TREE. An elder tree. North. BOTTY. Proud. Suffolk. BOTTYS. Butts ; marks for shooters. BOTUNE. Bottom. Prompt. Parv. BOTY. A butty ; a partner. Pali-grave. BOTYD. Saved. {.i.-S.) Crete othys to me he sware That he was bofi/d of mekylle care. MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 64. BOTYNG. Assistance. (J.-S.) BOTYNGE. " Encrese yn hyynge," Prompt. Parv. p. 45. We still have the phrase to boot. BOUCE-JANE. An ancient dish in cookery, a receipt for which is given in the Ordinances and Regidations, p. 431. BOUCHART. See liahbart. BOUDE. To pout. {Fr.) BOUDGE. To budge ; to move. See Nares, and Beaumont and Fletcher, vi. 455. BOUDS. Weevils. East. Tusser, p. 40, speaks of " bowd-eaten malt." BOUERIE. Baudrie.' See Harrison's Descrip- tion of England, p. 1/8. BOUFFE. Belching. Skinner. BOUGE. (1) A cask. South. By draught of horse fro ryvers and welles, Boug'i^ be brought to brewers for good ale. Brit.Bibl.H.Ul. (2") An allowance of meat or drink to an attend- ant in the court. Spelt bouche and boudge. See Ben Jonson, vii. 217; Thornton Rom. p. 218; Ordinances and Regulations, p. 79. (3) A purse. Harman. (4) " To make a bouge," to commit a gross blunder, to get a heavy fall. Also, to bulge, to sweU out. East. (5) To prepare a ship for the ptirpose of sinking it. See Hall, Hen. V. f. 23 ; Harrison's De- scription of England, p. 200. BOUGERON. An unnatural person. {A.-N.) BOUGET. A budget; a portmanteau. Elyot has, " hippopera, a male or bouget^ See also King Cambises, p. 262; Brit. Bibl. iv. 103; Fry's Bibl. Mem. p. 343 ; Gascoigne's DeUcate Diet, p. 18, spelt in various ways. BOUGH. Reginald Scot gives bough as a com- mon exclamation of a ghost. BOUGH-HOUSES. Private houses, allowed to be open during fairs for the sale of hquor. BOUGHRELL. A kind of hawk. BOUGHT. (1) Abend;ajoint;acurve. "Bought of a sling, /«nrfh clothes. (A-S.) See Piers Plough- man, pp. 274, 306; ReUq. Antiq. i. 108. (3) A pail. North. (4) The box of a wheel. Salop. (5) A bolt. North. BOUKED. Crooked. BOUL. An iron hoop. Line. " Throwing of the dart and boirle'is mentioned among youth- ful athletic exercises in Holinshed, Hist. Scot, p. 137. BOULDER-HEAD. A work against the sea, made of small wooden stakes. Sussex. BOULTE. To sift. (A.-S.) Boulter, a person who sifts, Howard Household Books, p. 27; Florio, ed. 161 1, p. 71. Boulted-bread, bread made of wheat and rye. BOUMET. Embalmed. BOUN. Ready. (A.-S.) See Chester Plays, i. 37; Chaucer, Cant. T. 11807; Pilkington. p. 353. In the North country dialect it is in- terpreted going ; also, to dress, to make ready, to prepare. *' ISoun is a woman's garment ; boun, prepared, ready ; Aoirn, going or ready to goe ; he's bown with it, i. e. he has done mth it." Kennett, MS. Lansd. 1033. BOUNCE. The larger dogfish. BOUNCHING. Bending or swelling. See a list of obsolete words prefixed to Batman uppon Bartholome, 1582. BOUND. (1) Sure ; confident. Var. dial. Vet will tutlers in toune talk bound. That we wet the men that Roulond wold quell. Roland, MS. Lansd. 388, f. 387. (2) A mark. BOUNDE. A husband. (A.-S.) Tho that the bounde y-seighe this, Anon he starf for diol y-wis Arthour and Mei-ltn, p. 27. BOUNDER. A boundary. North. It hath beene at times also a marke and bounder betweene some kings for the limits of their jurisdic- tions and authoritie. Lambarde's Perambulation, 1596, p. 270. BOUND-ROOD. The name of an altar in Durham Cathedral, mentioned in Davies' Ancient Rites, 1672, p. 70. BOU 201 BOW BOUNG. A purse. Be lusty, my lass, come for Lancashire, We must nip tho bounfr for these crowns. Sir J„hn Oldrastle, p. M. BOUNTEE. Goodness. {A.-N.) BOUNTEVOUS. Bountiful. See Malory's Morte d'Arthur, u. 325. BOUNTRACE. A buttress. {Fr.) Ye reinerabre youre wittes, and take hede To kepe Irland, that hit be not lost, For hit is a bountrace and a post. MS. SocAnlii/. 101, f. 60. BOUNTY-DAYS. Holidays, on which provi- sion was furnished for the poor. North. BOUR. A bower; a chamber. BOURAM. A sink. Ynrksh. This word is given by Kennett, MS. Lansd. 1033. BOURDAYNE. A burden. Pakgrave. BOURDE. A game; a joke. Also a verb, to jest. {A.-S.) See Cokwoldis Daunce, 4 ; Chaucer, Cant. T. 12712, 17030; Notes to Chaucer, p. 213. " Soth bourde is no bourde," an oUI proverb mentioned by Harrington. Boyes in the subarbis hourrtene ffuUe heghe. Morte Jithure, MS. Linciihi, f. 8fi. Wele bourdet, quod tjie doke, by myne hat, That men shulden alway love causelesse. Chaucfr, MS. Cantab. Ff. i. 6, f. .13. BOURDON. A staff. (./.-A'.) Sec Rom. of tlie Rose, 3401, 4092 ; Wright's Pol. Songs, p. l.'iO; Beves of Hamtoun, p. 81. One kind of staff, much ornamented, was called a bourdonasse. 1 may the bowdone heght esperaunce, which is goode in every faysoun, for he that leenethe him therto sekurlych, he may not falle : the woode of Sechim of which it is made shewethe ful weel whiche it is. Romance of the Monk, Sion Coll. MS. The joynours of bourdons, of speres long and rounde : In feyre knyves gladethe the cutliller. MS. Aehmolt 59, f . 20. H.irlotes walkeris thorow many townes With spekketh mantelis and bordounes. MS. Bodl. 48, f. 174. Now shal 1 tellyn the facoun And the maner of the bordoun. M.I. out. Vitell. C. xili. f. 99. BOURDOUR. (1) A pensioner. So e.xplaincd by llcarne, Langtoft, p. 204. (2) A circlet round a helmet. Gaw. BOURGEON. To bud ; to sprout, (fr.) BOURGH. A borough. BOURHOLM. The burdock. See an early hst of plants in MS. Sloane 5, f. 3. BOURMAIDNE. A diambcrmaid. Hail be je, nonnes of seint Mari house, Goddcs bourmaidnes and his Owen spouse. litliq. Antlq. II. 17S. BOURN. (1) A limit, or boundary. (2) A brook; a rivulet. (A.-S.) Mence, water, as explained by Kennelt, MS. Lansd. 1033 ; and also, to wash or rinse. According to Aubrey, Royal Soc. MS. p. 61, "in South Wilts they say such or such a bourn, meaning a valley by such a river." (3) Yenst. Ejmoor. BOURNEDE. Uurnishcd. Upon the toppe an em ther stod, Of bourncdr gold ryche and good. Launfai, 26iA. BOURT. To offer ; to pretend. North. BOUS. A box; a chest. Yorksh. BOUSE. (1) Ore as it is drawn from the mines. Yorish. Small ore as it is washed by the sieve, is called bouse-smithen. (2) Perhaps a bo.ss, or round plate of metal used to adoni a horse. See Arch. xvii. 293. (3) To drink. An old cant term, and stillinuse. Bouzinff-cau, a drinking can. There was formerly a kind of drink so called, as appears from Ritson's Ancient Songs, i. 70. BOUSTOUS. Impetuous. Pahgrave. BOUT. (1) A batch. Var. dial. (2) In ploughing, the distance from one side of a field to the other, and back agaiu. (3) A contest ; a struggle. North. (4) But. (5) Without ; except. North. See Chester Plays, i. 47, ii. 55, 123 ; Reliq. Antiq. ii. 227. BOUTE-FEU. An incendiary. Also spelt itm^e- fell. See Florio, ed. 1611, pp. 72, 244. The term is given by Skinner, and also occtu^ in Hudibras. BOUT-HAMMER. The heavy two-handed ham- mer used by blacksmiths. East. See About- sledge, and Beaumont and Fletcher, iv. 289. BOUT-HOUSE. On the ground; anywhere. /. Wight. BOVE. Above. See Forme of Cury, p. 75 ; Wright's Anecd. Lit. p. 5. In later writers it is merely an elliptical form, as in the Trou- bles of Queene Elizabeth, 1639, sig. F. i. B0\T:RT. a young ox. {A.-N.) BOVOLl. A kind of snails or periwinkles, men- tioned as dehcacies by Ben Jonson. {Ital.) BOW. (1) A yoke for oxen. (2) A bow's length. Shak. (3) A bov. (4) To bend. Var. dial. (5) A small arched bridge. Somerset. An arch or gateway was formerly called a bou'. BOW-BELL. A cockney, one horn within the sound of Bow bells. T'he term occurs in the London Prodigal, p. 15 ; Beaumont and Fletcher, iv. 186. BOW-BOY. A scarecrow. Kent. Du Barlas, p. 9. " a blindc bow-boy," a blind archer. BOWtKR. Tlic bursar. BOWCHYER. A butcher. BOWDIKITE. A contemptuous name for a mischievous cliild ; an insignilicant or corpu- lent jicrson. North. BOWDLEl). Swelled out, particularly appUcd to a heuwhen rulllcilwith rage.as in Harrison'' Description of England, p. 172. BOWE. (1) A bough ; u branch. (A.-S.) (2) To bend ; to curve ; to bow. Wuhle Ibcy bv.ldc hym syttc or stande. Ever he wuldc be boti'andr. MS. Hart. 1701, f. Stt \'f ther be (lewke or eric in londe, Uut they be to hym botteandt, *13 BOW 202 BOX The steward wyll anone ryse, And dystroye hymonallwyse. MS. Omlab. Pf. ii. 38, f. 304. And togedur they wente. That hyt boived and bente. MS. /hid. f. 76. BOWE-DYE. A kind of dye. In MS. Sloane 1698, f. 163, is a notice how " to dye Scarlett after the manner of the botve-di/e." BOWELL-HOLE. A small aperture in the wall of a barn for giving light and air. North. BOWEN. A relation, or narrative. Qu. J.-S. bocmig. BOWER. A chamber. (A.-S.) BOM'ERINGE. The part of a tree consisting of the boughs. BOWERLY. Tall ; handsome. West. BOWERS. Young hawks, before they are hranehers. See Reliq. .Antiq. i. 293. Also called ioweis and bowes.ies. The term seems to be applied to hawks at the period when they are in the transition Ijetween the nest and trees, too old for the former, and yet not strong enough to attach themselves exclusively to the freedom of the latter. BOWERY. See Boodies. BOWETY. Linsey-wolsev. NoHh. BOWGHSOMME. Buxom ; obedient. (A.-S.) Wake aye, als thow had no knawyng Of the tyme of the dedes commyng, That the dede may fynd tlie when it salle comme, Ay redy to Godd and boirghsomme. Hampi'le, MS. Bowes, p. fio. BOW-HAND. The left hand. To be too much of the bow-hand, to fail in any design. See Nares, in v. BOWHAWLER. A man acting in the place of a horse, to draw barges or small vessels along the Severn. BOWIE-FRAME. A phrase applied to toads when together, in Fairfax's Bulk and Selvedge of the World, 1674, p. 130. BOWIS. Boughs. Cf. Urn,-, p. 415. Makynge the bowis as lusty to the syjte, As fresche and as fayre of coloure and of hewe. Lydgate, MS. Sut. Antiq. 134, f. 16. BOWIT. A lanthorn. North. See Croft's Ex- eerpta Aiitiqua, p. 14. BOWK. Bent; crooked. North. BOWK-IRON. A circular piece of iron which lines the interior of a cart or waggon wheel. Jfest. BOW-KITT. A kind of great can with a cover. Yorksh. BOW-KNOT. A large, loose, and wide knot. Gave me my name, which yet perchaunceyou know not. Yet 'tis no riddle bound up in a bott^-knotr. The ChrisCmas Prince, p. 41. BOWL-ALLEY. A covered space for the game of bowls, instead of a bowling green. See Earle's Microcosmography, p. 86. A street in Westminster is still called the BowUng-Alley. Bowls were prohibited during the church service iu 1571. See Grindal's Remains, p. 138. According to the Grammout Me- moirs, ed. 1811, ii. 269, the game was fa shionable in England iu the reign of Charles II. It was played by both sexes. Anecdotes and Traditions, p. 20. BOWL-DISH. See Boldyche. BOWLEYNE. A bow-line. BOWLING-MATCH. A game with stone bowls, played on the highways from village to sW- lage. North. BOWLTELL. A kind of cloth. BOWN. SweUed. Notf. BOWNCHE. A bunch ; a swelling. Huloet. BOWNDYN. Ready ; prepared. BOW-NET. A kind of net, mentioned in Topsell's Foure-footed Beasts, p. 4 7. BOW-POT. A flower-vase. West. " Bough pots, or flower pots set in the windowes of private houses," Nomenclator, p. 388. BOWRES. A dish in ancient cookery, a receipt for which is given in MS. Sloane 1201, f. 24. BOWSING. A term in hawking, when the hawk " oft drinks, and yet desires more." See Blome's Gent. Rec. ii. 61. BOWSOM. Buxom; obedient. {A.-S.) See Y'waine and Gawin, 1155. And if he be tylle God botcsom, Tilie endles blys at the last to com. MS. Hart. 4196. f. 215. BOWSOMNES. Obedience. It is glossed in the margin by obidiencia. And when this grownde es made, than salle come a dameselle Bowsomuet on the tone halfe. and dame- selle Miserecorde one the tother halfe. .VS. Lineufn A. 1.17, f. 271. BOWSTAYES. " Paied to maister Cromewelle by the kinges commaundement for boicesfarex for his Graces use," Privy Purse Expences of Henry VIII. p. 267. See also Brit. Bibl. ii. 398. BOM'SY. Bloated bv drinking. BOWT. The tip of the nose. See the Nomen- clator, p. 28. Also part of an angler's appa- ratus, Brit. Bibl. ii. 472. BOWTELL. A convex moulding. BOWTH. Bought. BOW-WEED. Knapweed. BOW-YANKEES. See Yankees. BOWYER. (1) A maker of bows. See Chester Plays, i. 6 ; Skelton, i. 151 ; Rob. Glou. p. 541. (2) A small sliip. Siinner. BOWYN. Went. BOX. (1) A blow. Also a verb, to strike. Var. dial. Ac natheles, God it wot, Yif ich alle nedes mot, Yit ich wile asaie A lite bar the to paie. Bevei of Hamtoun, p. 68. (2) A chest. Oxon. (3) A club or society instituted for benevolent purposes. North. Their anniversary dinner is called a box-dinner. (4) To " box the fox," to rob an orchard. West. BOX-AND-DICE. A game of hazard. BOX-BARROW. A hand-barrow. Salop. BOX-HARRY. To rtine withDuke Humphrey; to take care aftei having been extravagaut. Line. BOXING. Buxom. Line. BOXING-DAY. The day after Christmas, when BRA 203 BRA tradespeople are visited by persons in the em- ploymeut of their customers for Cliristmas boxes, or small presents of money. BOX-IRON. A flat-iron. East. BOY-BISHOP. See Nicholas. BOYDEKIN. .4 dagger. Chaucer. See Wright's Anec. Lit. p. 25. It occurs in Prompt. Parv. p. 42, translated h\ suliucula, perforatorium. BOYE. A lad scr\ant. (J.-S.) BOY'KIN. A term of endearment, found in Sir John Oldcastle, p. 38, and Palsgrave's Acq- lastus, 1540. BOYLES. Lice. Line. BOYLUM. A kind of iron ore. Kennett, MS. Lansd. 1033. BOYLY. Boj-ish. Baret. BOYS. (1) Voice. Maumlevile. (2) Boethius. Lydgate, p. 122. (3) A wood. (A.-N.) And bad them gobetyme To Ihe boys Seynt Martyne. MS. Cimtnh. Ff. ii. 38, f. 128. BOY'S-BAILIFF. An old custom formerly in vogue at Wenlock, and described in Salop. Antiq. p. 612. BOYSHE. A bush. Malorv, i. 181. BOYSID. Swelled. My thoujte also with alle vices boyjirf, My brest resceit and chef of wrecchidnesse. Lsidgtfle, .VS. Sac. Anti'i. IM, f. 2. BOYS'-LO\'E. Southernwood. West. BOYSTONE. To cup a per.son. Pr.Parv. BOYSTORS. Boisterous. Skelton. BOYT. Both. BOZZUM. The yellow ox-eye. Vect. BOZZUM-CHUCKED. Having a deep dark redness in the cheeks. West. BO3E. To move, rise, go. Gaw. B03EZ. Boughs. Gaw. BRAA. An acclivity. North. BRAB. A spike-nai'l. Yorksh. BRABAND. Cloth of Brabant. See the Rates of the Custome House, 1545, Brit. Bibl. ii.397. BRABBLE. To quarrel. Also a substantive. lirahblinrj, squabliliiig, quarrelling, Timon, ed. Uycc, p. 3(j; Middietou, iii. 458 ; Skelton, ii. 131. lirahblement, a quarrel. Brabbler, a wrangler, a (quarrelsome person. BRAG. Broke. BRACCO. Diligent ; laborious. Chesh. BRACE. (1) To embrace. A grysfly Rcstc than bese thou prcstc, In arines for to tmict'. its. Lincoln A. 1. 17, f. 21.1. (2) Armour for the arms. Hence an arm of the sea, Maundcvile's Travels, p. 15. (3) To brave a person ; to swagger. Palsgrave has, " I brace or face, je braggue ; he braced and made a l)racying here afore the (lore as thoughe he wolde have kylled, God have mercy on liis soule." It occurs as a substantive in a similar sense in Olbcllo, i. 3. " I'acing and braciiKj," Holinshcd, Chron. Ireland, p. 03. ri) The clasp of a buckle. 1 5) A piece of tindjcr framed with a bevil joint, so disposed as to keep the parts of a budding together. Palsgrave has, " biace of an house brace." BR.A.CER. Armour for the arms. {A.-N.) See Chaucer, Cant. T. 1 1 1 ; Florio, in v. Bnicciale ; Cotgrave, in \* Iira.sselet; Beaumont and Flet- cher, ii. 426; Privv Purse Expences of Hen VIII. p. 47. Braters burnyste biistez in sondyre. Morte .-Irthure, MS. LinrolHt f. 73- BR.\CH. A kind of scenting hound, generally of a small kind. Elyot has, '' catellus, a very littell hounde or brache, a whelpe ;" and the terms brach aud ratch were always applied to the hounds which formed the pack, which of course ditfered in breed according to time and place. In Rehq. ,\ntiq. i. 151, it seems to be synonymous with acquill, q. v. See Twici, p. 28 ; Florio, in v. Braccdre ; Beaumont and Fletcher, iii. 9 ; Ford, i. 22, 58 ; Webster, i. 156; Dodsley, \i. 319 ; Ben Jonson, iv. 19; Topsell's Foure-footed Beasts, p. 137. The author of the romance of Perceval, using the term brachef, explains it, brachet cest a dire ung petit braqne on chien. This form of the word occurs in Morte d'Arthur, i. 75, 80; Brit. Bibl. i. 478. BRACHICOLRT. .\ horse whose fore-Iegs are bent naturally. BRACING. Fresh, cool, applied to the atmo- sphere. Var. dial. BRACING-GIRDLE. A kind of belt. " Bra- cvnge gjTdle, subcingaltnn" Huloet. BRACK. (1) A crack or break; a flaw. Cf. Beaumont and Fletcher, v. 316 ; Middleton, iv. 6 ; Brit. Bibl. i. 355. Also a verb, to break. Diversions of Purley, p. 489 ; broke, in the Northern dialects. Lilly, in his Euphnes, says the " finest velvet" has " his bracke," flaw or imperfection. (2) A piece. Kennett. (3) Salt water ; l>rine. In Drayton, as quoted by Nares, the term strangely occurs applied to river-water. Suffolke a sunne halfe risen from the tracks Norfoike a Triton on a dolphins backe. Drui/lon's Poems, p. 20. (4) A kind of harrow. North. (5) To mount ordnance. (6) Florio has, " bricche, crags, cliffs, or brackes in hills." Mention is made of " a large and brackg wood" ill MS. Addit. 11812, f. 81. On roekcs or braokii for to ronne. Hytke-St-oi-nrr, n. d. BRACK-BREED. Tasted. North. BRACKEN. Fern. .Xorth. Bracken-clock, a small brown beetle commonlv found on fern. BRACKLY. Brittle. Staff. BKACKWORT. A small portion of beer in one of its early stages, kept by itself till it turns yellow, and then added to llie rest. See the curious early account of tlu- nietliud of lircw- ing ill Harrison's Description of England, p. 169, aud Braifwort in Jamieson. BRAC0NII:R. The lierner, or man that held the hounds. See Beniers. BRA 204 BRA BRAD. (1) Opened ; spread; extended. North. (2) Roasted. {A.-S.) (3) Hot ; inflamed. North. BRADDER. Broader. {J.-S.) BRADE. (1) To pretend. {A^-S.) (2) To bray ; to cry. R. de Brunne. (3) Broad; large.' Cf. Sir Tristrem, p. 181 Ywaine and Gawin, 163, 259; Sir Perceval, 126, 269, 438, 1653, 1748, 1762; Miuot's Poems, p. 20. BRADES. Necklaces ; hanging ornaments. See the Test. Vetust. p. 435. BRADOW. To spread ; to cover. Chesh. BRADS. (1) Money. Essejp. (2) Small nails. I'ar. dial. BRAEL. The back part of a hawk. See Keliq. Antiq. i. 296, 301. BRAFFAM. See Barfhmne. BRAG. (1) Brisk ; full of spirits. Proud, inso- lent, Skelton, i. 125. Bragance, bragging, Towneley Myst. p. 99. The crowing of the moor-cock is called bragging. (2) A ghost or goblin. North. (3) An old game at cards, mentioned in " Games most in Use," r2mo. n. d. BRAGGABLE. Poorly ; indiflTerent. Salop. BRAGG.\DOCIA. A braggart. Var. dial. BRAGGED. Pregnant ; in foal. See Gent. Rec. ii. 88. \_Baggedq BRAGGER. A wooden bracket. Higins trans- lates tnutuli, " peeces of timber in building called braggers ; it is thought to be all one with proceres ; in masons worke they be called corbelles." See the Nomenclator, p. 210. Minsheu, Span. Diet. p. 263, speUs it iragget, and the term also occurs in HoUyband's Dic- tionarie, 1593. BRAGGING-JACK. A boaster. Iligins.p. 532, has, " Thraso, a vaine-glorious fellow, a craker, a boaster, a bragging Jacke." BRAGGLED. Brindled. Sotnerset. BRAGLY. Briskly. Spenser. BR.\GOT. A. kind of beverage formerly esteemed in Wales and the West of England. Accord- to some, it was composed of wort, sugar, and spices ; or merely another name for mead. See BenJonson.vii. 343,378 ; Skinner, pars.l. With stronge ale brut-a in fattes and in tonnes, Pyng, Drangoll, and the braget fyne. ]IIS. Rawl. C. 86. BRAID. (1 ) To resemble. North. ''Yebraide of the millers dogg, ye lick your mouth or the poke be open," Yorkshire Ale, 1697. p. 86. (2) A reproach. Also a verb, to upbraitl. See Abrayde. which is v\Titten a bragde in the True Tragedie of Richard III. p. 22. in con- cordance \vith the original copy, so that the a in that instance is probably an exclamation. (3) A start ; a sudden movement ; a moment of time. A toss of the head was called a braid. Hence apparently a quick blow, in Svr Degore, 256 ; MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 245 ; Brit. Bibl. It. 90. See Tale of the Basyn, xxi. ; Wright's Seven Sages, p. 17, " scho brayd hit a-don at on brayd," i. e. she threw it down at one start or movement. Out upon the, thefe ! sche seyde in that brayde. it«. Canlab. Ff. ii. 38, f. "1. The woman being afraid, gave a bratd with her head and ran her way, and left her tooth behind her. Scf'gin's Jests. (4) Palsgrave, in his table of subst. f. 21, has, ** brayde or hastvTiesse of myude, colte," i. e. passion, anger. See Roquefort, in v. Cole ; Anc. Poet. Tr. p. 49. It seems to mean craft, deceit, in Greene's Works, ii. 268 ; and Shakespeare has the adjective braid, generally explained deceitful, and Mr. Dyce thinks it means lustful, Remarks, p. 73 ; but perhaps we may adopt the less objectionable explana- tion, quick, hasty. It occurs, however, in the A.-S. sense of deceit in Langtoft, p. 138. See also Heame's glossary, p. 536. (5) To nauseate. North. (6) To beat or press, chiefly applied to culinary objects. East. (7) .4 row of underwood, chopped up and laid lengthways. Ojloh. (8) To net. ' Dorset. (9) To fade or lose colour. BRAIDE. (1) To draw, particularly applied to drawing a sword out of the scabbard. See Abraide. Also, to pull, Octovian, 336 ; Croke's Psalms, p. 6 ; to strike, Kyng .\Usaunder, 5856 ; Richard Coer de Lion, 411 ; to spread out, to brandish, Kyng .\lisaunder, 7373 ; to beat down, MS. Morte Arthure, f. 94 ; Rob. Glouc. p. 22, tw. (2) To start quickly or suddenly ; to leap ; to turn. " All worldly thing braidith upon tyme," i. e. turneth or changeth with time, Lydgate's Minor Poems, p. 24. Thus natheles to me sche seyde. What arte thou, sone ? and I bi-eyde Ry3t as a man dotli oute of slepe. Gvwer, MS. Soc. Antiq. 134, f. 39. BRAIDERY. Embroidery. /. Ifight. BRAIDS. (1) A wicker guard for protecting trees newly grafted. Glouc. (2) Scales. North. BRAIDY. Foolish. Yorish. BRAIL. According to Blome, Gent. Rec. ii. 48, *' to brayle the hawks wing is to put a piece of leather over the pinion of one of her wings to keep it close." 'The term occurs in the old play of Albumazar. Brail-feathers are the long small white feathers hanging under the tail. BRAIN. To beat out the brains. See First Sketches of Henry VI. p. 60. Dyvers tymes like to ben drowned, hrapned, and overronne with horses befor he was four yers old. A/.?. Ashm. 208, f. 226. BRAIXISII. Mad. Shak. BRAIN-LEAF. .Apparently a kind of herb. It is mentioned in Greene's Gwydonius, 1593. BRAIN-PAN. The sktdl. See Skelton, i. 24 ; Nomenclator, p. 23 ; Morte d'Arthur, i. 256, ii. 403. The term is still in use, according to Forby. BRAINSICK. M'ildbrained ; mad ; impetuous. See Skelton, i. 267 ; If you know not mee, von know Nobody, 1639, sio. B. hi. BKA 205 BRA I ayme at no such happinesse. Alas ! 1 am a puny courtier, a weake braine, A braine-sit'ke young man. Heywt^ui's Iron Age, sig. D. i. BRAIN--STONES. According to Aubrey, MS. Nat. Hist. Wilts, p. 13, stones the size of one's head, nearly round, found in Wiltshire, and so called bv the common ijeople. BRAIN-WOOD. Quite mad. BRAIRD. Fresh ; tender. North. Also, the first hlade of grass. A.-S. brord. BRAISSIT. Inclosed. BRAIST. Burst. BRAIT. A kind of garment. (^.-S.) " CaracaUa est vestis villusa quce Anglicc dicitur brait vel hakel," MS. Laud. 413. See Ducauge, in v. CaracaUa. BRAK. Broke. Minot, p. 29. BRAKE. (1) To beat. North. (2) Kennett, MS. Lansd. 1033, defines trate, " a small plat or parcel of bushes growing by themselves." This seems to be the right meaning in Mids. Night's Dream, iii. 1, al- tliough a single b\ish is also called a braic. In Palmer's Devonsliire Glossary, p. 32, " .tpinetum, diimetum, a Ijottom overgrown with thick tangled brushwood." A brake is also a Uttle sjjace with rails on each side, which Mr. Hunter thinks is the Shakespearian term, an explanation rather at variance with Quince's " bawl horn brake;" and moreover, the brake mentioned by this commentator from BarnaljV Googe would only l}e found in cidtivated land, not in the centre of tlie " palace wood." Wlicn Puck says, "through bog, through bush, through brake, through briar," an expression, the latter part of whidi is repeated word for word in Drayton's Nymphidia, we clearly see that Kennett's ex- planation exactly suits the context. So also when Demetriussays, ii. 2, "I'll run from thee, and hide me in tlic brakes." can these be little enclosed spots in the middle of the wood in which he is followed by Helena ? There is a spot near Broadway, co. Wore, filled with hawthorn bushes and short underwood .still called the Brakes. Sec also Florio, in v. Broncoso, " full of brakes, briers or bushes," (3) Fern. North. Called also braken. The tcnn occurs in Gov. Myst. p. 22; Proraj)!. Parv. p. 47 ; Elyot, in v. Fiti.i. (4) An enclosure for cattle. (5) An old instrument of torture, described in Malone's Shakespeare, ix. 44. In the State Papers, i. 602, is the mention of one in the Tower in 1539. Hence the word is used for torture in general, as in the Table Book, p. 101. (6) A snaffle for horses. Also, a strong wooden frame in which the feet of young and vicious horses are frequently confined by farriers, preparatory to their being shod. See Ben Jonson, iii'. 4G3 ; Topsell's Beasts, p. 302. '7) Elyot has, " balista, a crcjsbowe or a brake.'' A similar entry occurs in lluloet's .Vbce- darium, 1502. (8) A large barrow. North. (9) An instrument for dressing hemp or flax. See Hollyband, in v. Bronse. This is perhaps the meaning of the word in Thvnne's Debate, p. 50. (10) A harrow. North. It is translated by rastellum in a MS. quoted in Prompt. Pair, p. 47. (11) A baker's kneading-trough. (12) The handle of a ship's pump. (13) A cart or carriage used for breaking in horses. It has generally no body to it. The term is still in use. (14) A flaw or break. See Brack. This is clearly the meaning in Webster's Works, iv. 141, "the slighter broken of our reformed Muse," noi fern, as stated by the editors, nor do I seethe application of that meaning in the passage referred to. (15) To vomit. I'r. Parv. (16) A mortar. North. BRAKE-BUSH. A small plot of feni. See Prompt. Parv. p. 47 ; Nutbrowne Maid, xv. BRAKEN. Broke. BRAKES. Fern. Var. dial. BRAKET. See Bragot. BRALER. A bundle of straw. Dorset. BRAMAGE. A kind of cloth, mentioned in the inventory of Archbishop Parker's goods. Arch. XXX. 13. Carpets were sometimes made of this material. BRAMBLE-BERRIES. Blackberries. North. BR.VME. Vexation. Speuser. BRAMISH. To flourish, or assume affected airs ; to boast. F.ast. BRAMLINE. A chaflinch. BRAN. (1) A brand, or log of wood. West. (2) To burn. North. (3) Quite. Deeon. (t) Thin bark; skin. BRANCH. (1) To make a hawk leap from tree to tree, lilome. (2) To embroider, figure, sprig. Branched vel- vet, Ford, ii. 510, and Wardrobe Accounts of Edw. IV., wrongly explained by Giftbrd. Cf. MiiliUeton, v. 103 ; Beanmont and Fletcher, i. 292. (3) A small vein of ore. BUANCH-COAL. Kennel coal. North. BRANCHER. (1) A young liawk, just begin- ning to fly; or a sliort winged hawk. See Blome's Gent. Rec. ii. 28, 62, 164; Reliq. Antiq. i. 293. Thareby braunchers in brede bcttyr was never. Miirtu Arthure, MS. Lincijtn, f. 55. (2) One of the oflicers belonging to the Mint. See Ord. and Reg. p. 255. BRANCH KS. Ribs of groined roofs. BRANCHII.ET. A lillle branch or twig. BRANCORN. Blight. Cotgrave, in v. Zirii/iice. " Braiul, the smut in wheat," Forby, i. 38. BRAND. A s»(nil. lUtANIiED. A mixture of red and black. North. Topsell uses the terra, Fourc-footed Beasts, p. 114. BRA 206 BRA BRANDELLET. Some part of the armour, mentioned in Richard Coer de Lion, 322. BRANDENE. Roasted. BRANDERS. The supporters of a corn stack. Var. dial. BRANDES. Sparks. BRAND-FIRE-NEW. Quite new. Fast. Also bran-new, hran-span-new, and brand-spander- new, in the same sense. BRAND-IRONS. See .Andirons ; Huloet, 1552; Florio, in v. Capifuochi. BRANDISHING. A crest, battlement, or other parapet. See Davies' Ancient Rites and Mo- numents, ed. 1672, pp. 8, 69. BRANDLE. To totter ; to give way. See Cot- grave, in V. Bra/isler ; Howell, sect. 5, BRANDLET. See Brandreth. BRANDLING. The angler's dew-worm. BRANDLY. Sharply; fiercely. North. See Tullie's Siege of Carlisle, p. 38. BRANDON. (1) Tbev burnt, pi. Tundale, p. 19. (2J A fire-brand. See Palmendos, 1589, quoted m Brit. Bibl. i. 233. (3) A wisp of straw or stubble. East. BRANDRETH. An iron tripod fixed over the fire, on wliich a pot or kettle is placed. North. The forms brandelede, branlet, and branlede, occiu- in Prompt. Parv. p. 4 7. Tak grene jeriHs of fsche, and lay thame over a brttndet/te, and make a fire under thame, and kepe the woyse that comes owt at the endis in egges- schelles. MS. Linmln. Med. f. 283. BRANDRITH. A fence of wattles or boards, set round a well to prevent the danger of falling into it. Kennett, MS. Lansd. 1033. BRANDUTS. Four wooden arms affixed to the throat of a spindle in an oatmeal-mill. Satojj. BRAND-WINE. Brandy. BR.\NDY-BALL. A game mentioned in Moor's Suffolk Words, p. 2^38. BRANDY-BOTTLES. The flowers of the yel- low water-Iilv. Norf. BRANDYSNAP. A wafer gingerbread. North. BRANGLED. Confused; entangled; compli- cated. Line. BRANK. (1) To hold up the head affectedly; to put a bridle or restraint on an}'thing. North. (2) Buck-wheat. East. See Ray's Diet. Tril. p. 9 ; Tusser, p. 35. Kennett, MS. Lansd. 1033, says, " bran of the purest wheat. Norf." BRANKES. A country saddle of straw. Urry's MS. add. to Ray. • BRANKKAND. Wounding. (J.-N.) With brandez of browne stele brankkand stedez. Mi)rte Attfiure, MS. Linciln, f. 73. BR.4.NKS. (1) An instrument, formerly used for punishing scolds. It is of iron, and surrounds the head, while the mouth is gagged by a triangular piece of the same ma- terial. 'There is one still preserved at New- castle. (2) A kind of halter or bridle, used by country people on the borders. BR.4.NNY-BREAD. Coarse bread. Huloet. BRANSEL. A dance, the same as the brawl, q. v. (J.-N.) Florio has, " brdndo, a French dance called a bransel or braule." See also briinia in the same dictionary. BRANT. (1) Steep. North. " Brant against Flodden Hill," explained by Nares from Ascham, " up the steep side." Cf. Brit. Bibl. i. 132, same as brandly ? And thane thay com tille wonder heghe moun- taynes, and it SL-med as the toppes had towched the firmament ; and thir mountaynes ware als brant up- rijte as thay had bene walles, so that ther was na clymbyng upon thame. Ufe of Alexander, MS. Lin- coln, {. 38. (2) A harrow. Huloet. (3) A brantgoose, or barnacle. See Harrison's Desc. of England, p. 222 ; MS. Sloane 1622, f. 51. (4) Consequential ; pompous. North. (5) Burnt. Chesh. BRAN-TAIL. The redstart. Sal(^. BRANTEN. Bold ; audacious. Dorset. BR.^SE. To make ready ; to prepare. See Todd's Illustrations, p. 299. Erased, ready, prepared, Nares, p. 57, who is puzzled with the word. BR.\SEY. A kind of sauce. " Pykes in brasey," Forme of Cur)-, p. 53 ; Ord. and Reg. p. 451. Called brasillm the latter work, p. 446. BR.\SH. (1) The refuse boughs and branches of fallen timber ; chppings of hedges ; twigs. Var. dial. (2) To run headlong. North. Also, impetuous, rash. Any \'iolent push is called a brash. (3) A rash or eruption. If'est. Hence any sud- den development, a crash. (4) To prepare ore. North. BR.\SHY. Small; rubbishy; delicate in con- stitution. North. BRASIANTUR. An account of the liquor brewed in a house. (Lot.) BRASIL. A word used in dyeing to give a red colour. It has nothing to do with the country of that name in America, having been known long before the discovery of the New World. It is mentioned by Chaucer, Cant. T. 15465 ; and also in the accounts of the Grocers' Com- pany, 1453, Heath, p. 322; Harrison's Descrip- tion of England, p. 233. BRASS. (1) Copper coin. Var. dial. (2) Impudence. BRASSARTS. In ancient armour, pieces be- tween the elbow and the top of the shoulder, fastened together by straps inside the arms. Skinner spells it brassets. See Bracer. BRASSISH. Brittle. North. BR.VST. The past tense of burst. It is also used for the present. Cf Torrent of Portugal, 687 ; Brit. Bibl. i. 25 ; Feest, xrii. Huloet has, ** brasten beallye, herniosus." BRASTLE. To boast ; to brag. North. BRASTNES. A rupture. Huloet. BR.\T. (1) A turbot. North. (2) Film or scum. North. (3) A child's bib or apron. North. A.-S. bratt, a coarse Dian*le, Chaucer, Cant. T. 16349. BRA 207 BRB BRATCHET. A term of contempt. Korlh. Perhaps from brack, q. v. BRATER. A vambrace. Thorowe brater of browne stele, and the bryghte mayles. That the hilte and the liande appone the hethe ligfies. Muite JrlUure, MS. Uuiolu, f. ll?. BRATIIE. Fierce. Syr Gowghter, 108. Bratlili, fiercely, excessively. Beris to syr Berllle, and brathely hymhims. Mnrte Arthure, MS. Lincoln, f. 72. Schultiirs schamesly thay schent. And brathli/ bledis. Sir D'-^revant, Litie. MS. 897- This fol folk tham sammen than, Brathli thai this werk bigan. MS. Cott. Vespas. A. iii. f. 14. BRATTICE. A partition. North. BRATTISH. A slielf ; also, a seat with a high hack. Xorth. BRATTISHING. Brandishing, q. t. BR.VTTLE. (1) To thnnder. Sorlh. (2) To lop the hranches of trees after they are felled. East. (3) A race, or hurry. Kiirtli. (4) .\ push, or stroke. Karlh. BRATTY. Mean and dirty. Line. BRAUCH. Rakings of straw. Kent. BRAUCIIIN. A horse-collar, \urth. BRAUDED. Emhroidercd. BRAUGHWHAM. A (Usli composed of cheese, eggs, bread and butter, boiled together. Lane. BRAUNCE. A branch. Skinner. BRAUNGING. Pompous. North. BRAVADOES. Roaring boys. BRAVATION. Bravery ; good spirits. See Wily Beguiled, ap. Hawkins, iii. 375. BRAVE. (1) Finely drcst; fine; good. Also a verb. Cf. Thvnne's Debate, p. 23 ; Drayton's Poems, p. 23 ;'Timon, p. 19 ; Colher's Old Bal- lads, p. 22 ; Jacke of Dover, p. G, //rarerli/. (2) A boast ; a vaunt. Sec Drayton's Poems, p. 71 ; Downfall of Robert Earl of Hunting- don, p. 36 ; Du Bartas, p. 7 ; Ileywood's Ed- ward IV. p. 55. (3) A bravo ; a ruffian. (1) Well ; in good health. North. {?>) A trophy. Noinenclator, p. 288. BRAVERY.' (1) Finery. The ancient Britons painted their bodies, " which they esteemed a great braverie," Holiiished, Chron. England, p. 55. Cf. Tarlton, p. 98. (2) A bean ; a fine gentleman. See Ben Jon- son's Works, iii. 358. BRAVI. A reward, or prize. (Lnt.) BR.WVDEN. Woven; embroidered. Brairilercr, an emliroidercr, Elizabeth of York, p. 55. BRAWDRY. Sculptured work. Stmner. BRAWET. A kind of eel. North. BRAWL. (I) A kind of dance, introduced into this country from France about tlie middle of the si.\teenth century. It is fully descrilicd by Dotice, Illustratitms, i. 218, and in Web- ster's Works, iv. 91. C'otgnive translates brauHle, " a brawlc, or daunc(^ therein many, men and women, holding by the hands, some- times ina ring, and otherwhiles at length, move altogether." Good fellowes must go leame to daunee, The brydeal is full near-a ; There is a brull come out of Fraunce, The fyrst ye harde this yeare-a. Gmd Felioweii,a Ballad, 156a. (2) A brat. Nares. BRAWN. (1) The smut of corn. West. (2) The stump of a tree. Devon. (3) A boar. North. Brok brcstede as a bratvne, with bruslils fulle large. Mfrle Arlhure, MS. Lii.culn, (. (S. (4) The term was formerly applied to any kind of flesh, not merely that of the boar, and to the muscular parts ofthebodv. BRAWNDESTE. Brandished.' Bratvndeste browne stele, braggcde In trompcs. Morte Arthure, MS. Lincoln, f. UI. BRAWNESCIIEDYN. Branded. Tuudale, p. 40. BRAWN-FALLEN. Very thin. BRAWNS. The muscles. BRAWTIIERER. An embroiderer. BRAY'. (1) To beat in a mortar. Hence, to beat, to thrash. To bray a fool in a mortar, an old proverb. See Dodsley, vii. 137. x. 262; Top- sell's Foure-footcd Beasts, p. 364. And braif hera alle togedcre small. Arc/nsol(/^a, XXX. .194. (2) Good ; bold. (3) To throw. (4) To upl)raid. lluloet. (5) To cry. For hyt by;:an to hriiy and crye. As thoghe hyt shuld al to tlye. MS. Harl. 1701, f. 33. (6) A cliff ; a rising ground. See Holiushed's Scotland, pp. 9, 15. Ney tlie forde ther is a brai/e. And ney the brai/e ther is a well. MS. Shane 2578, f. 10-11. BRAYING-ROPES. Part of the harness of a horse. Wardrobe Accounts of King Edward IV. p. 123. BR.\ZE. (1) To acquire a bad taste, applied to food. North. (2) To be impudent. Var. dial. BRAZIL. Sulphate of iron. North. BREACH. (I) A plot of land preparing for an- other crop. Devon. (2) The break of day, Harrison's Description of England, p. 242. It is often used for break by our early dramatists in an obscene sense, as in Ileywood's Royall King and Loyall Sub- ject, sig. K. i. BREACII-CORN. Leguminous crops. BREACHING. Quarrelling. Tusser. BREACHY. (1) Spoken of cattle apt to break out of their pasture. South. (2) Brackish. Sussej: BREAD. " He took bread and salt," i.e. he swore, those articles having formerly been eaten at the taking an oath. BREADINGS. According to Kennelt, " breail- ings of corn or grass, the swathes or low-* wherein the mower leaves them. Cheth." BRE 208 BRE BUEAD-LOAF. Household bread. North. BREAK. (1) A break is land that has long lain fallow, or in sheep walks, and is so called the first year after it has been plonghed or broken up. ' Norf. To run the horsehoe between rows of beans is called breaking them. (2) A beast breaks cover, when he goes out be- fore the hounds. He breaku water, when he has just passed through a river. Gent. Rec. ii. 78. (3) To tear. Hants. (4) To break with a person, to open a secret to him. BREAK-DANSE. A treacherous person. BREAK-DEAL. To lose the deal at cards. Devon. BREAKDITCH. A term originally applied to a cow that will not stay in her appropriate pasture ; and generally, any one in the habit of rambUng. North. BREAK-NECK. A ghost. North. BREAK-UP. To cut up a deer; a term anciently and properly apphed technically to that ope- ration only, but it afterwards came to be a general term for carving. A liuutsman is now said to break up his fox, when he cuts off the head and brush, and gives the carcase to the hounds. Twici, p. 4 7. BREAM. Cold and bleak. North. Cf. Cot- grave, in V. Froid ; Florio, in v. Drina, Bruma, the latter writer using it apparently in the sense oi frost. BREAN. To perspire. Yorksh. BREAXT-NEED. Assistance in distress. North. BREAST. (1) The voice. I syng not musycall, For my hrest is decayd. ATmonye of Byrdes, p. fi. (2) To trim a hedge. Salnp. (3) The face of coal-workings. (4) To spring up. North. BREAST-SU.MMER. A beam supporting the front of a building, after the manner of a hntel. Ojtf. Gloss. Jrch. BREAT. A kind of turbot, mentioned in Ordi- nances and Regulations, p. 296. BREATH. (1) Breathing; exercise. Shai. " To breathe in your watering," to take breath while di-inking, a Shakespearian phrase. (2) A smile. Somn-set. (3) To bray ; to neigh. Devon, (4) Smell ; scent ; odour. Jl^est. (5) Futuo. " And think'st thou to breath me upon trust ?" Heywood's Royall King, 1637, sig. r. iii. This is a meaning that has been overlooked. " Here is a lady that wants breathing too," Pericles, ii. 3. BREATHING-HOLE. A vent-hole in a cask. BREATHING-WHILE. A time sufficient for drawing breath ; any very short period of time. Nares. BREAU. Spoon meat. North. BREC. Broke. Rob. GIouc. p. 490. Breche, breaking, fracture, Kvng AUsaunder, 2168. BRECHE. (1) Breeches. (A.-S.) (2) The buttocks of a deer. BRECK. .\ piece of unenclosed arable land; a sheep walk, if in grass. East. Tusser, p. 18, has bred, a breaking or fracture. BRECOST. A barbican. BREDALE. A marriage-feast. (A.-S.) No man may telle yn tale The peple that was at that bredale, Octovian, 56. BREDDEN. Roasted. {A.-S.) Man and hous thai brent and bredden, And her godes oway ledden. .^ythvur and Merlin, p. 270. BREDE. (1) Breadth. North. Cf. Ellis's Met. Rom. iii. 328 ; Chaucer, Cant. T. 1972. The angel began the chiUle to iede Into a forest was fayre in brede. MS. Citntab. Ff. v. 48, f. 68. Oon heere brede owt of thys peyiie They have no power to lyste mee. MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 49. (2) Broad ; extended. (A.-S.) Cf. Kyng AU- saunder, 2322 ; Wright's Purgatory, p. 86. " Take grene bowys of asche, and cut hem, and lev hem on a brede yren," MS. Med. Cath. Heref. (3) Abroad. Skinner. (4) Bread; emplovment. North. (5) A knot. IFest. (6) A board. (A.-S.) Still used in Suffolk for a board to press curd for cheese. Naylyd on a brede of tre. That men cally t an abece. Reliq. Antiq. i. 63. BREDECHESE. Cream-cheese. Pr. Pan: BREDEN. To breed. (A.-S.) BREDGEN. To abridge. Skinner. BREDHERE. Bretheren. Everylkone hys bredliere alle, Tyte thai come before me here. R. de Brumte, MS. Bott'ei, p. 18. BREDHITITHE. A lump of bread. Pr. Parv. BRED-SORE. A whitlow. East. BREDURNE. Bretheren. These ij. bredume upon a day Wyth enemys were slayn in fyghte. MS. Omtab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 48. BREE. (1) A bank; a declivity. North. (2) Agitation. North. (3) To frighten. North. (4) An eyebrow. Var. dial. Palsgrave has, " Bree of the eye, poil de loiel," subst. f. 21. For hir hare and breee shone lyite the golde. The best maid thynge that ever tredde molde. MS. Laned. 208. f. 22. BREECH. To flog ; to whip. BREECHES-BIBLE. One of our translations of the Bible from the Geneva edition, on which some ridicule has been thrown on ac- count of the following words, " And they sewed fig-tree leaves together, and made themselves breeches," Gen. iii. 7. The pecu- liarity is imaginary, the same word occurring in several of the early translations. See Donee's Illustrations, i. 378. BREECHMEN. Sailors. See a hst of obsolete words prefixed to Batman uppon Bartholome, 1582. BREED. To p.a.u South. BRE 209 BRE BREED-BATE. A maker of contention. BREEDER. A fine dav. East. BREEDING-IN-AND-IN. Crossing the breed. BREEDS. The brims of a hat. Glnue. BREEK. Breeches. North. Also //reeks. See Skclton, ii. 173; hrjk, Sohl's and Carols, x. ; Ritson's Ancient Songs, ]). ,M ; breke, Lang- toft, p. ICl, where the French original reads brayxe. Breek-girdille, Maiindevile's Travels, p. 50, a kind of girdle round the middle of the body, zona circa rcnes, Ducange in v. Henale. He made liym nakyd, for he was meke, Save hys schurte and hys brekr. MS. Cimtab. Ff.il. 3B, f. 163. At ys breggurdle that swcrd a-gtod. MS. ^Ithnmle 33. f. 39. BREEL. A contentious person .= [Brethel .'] Why lowtt je nat low to my lawdabyll presens, Ye brawlyng bre&U and blabyr-Iyppyd bycchys. Bighy Mysteries, p. 107. BREEN. A goblin. North. BREER. A briar. North. BREEZE. (1) To lean hard. Devon. (2) A quarrel. Tar. dial. BREFF. Brief; short. Shak. BREFFET. To ransack. Line. BREGEN. They break, pi. BREGGE. A bridge. Lvb. Disc. 1271. BREGID. Abridged ; shortened. BREID. Sorrow? For evere were thou luthor and les, For to brewe me bitter breid. And me to puyien out of pees. tValler Mapef, p. 342. BREKE. To part ; to break. North. "Poverty Ijrekt/x companve," MS. Douce 52. [A.-S.) BREKKT. A pike.' Mfi/rick. BREME. (1) Fierce ; furious ; vigorous. {A.-S.) See Warton's Hist. Engl. I'ocl. i. 201 ; Chau- cer, Cant. T. 1701 ; Leg. Cathol. p. 17 ; Re- liq. Antiq. ii. 7; Amadas, 171 ; Tomieley Myst. p. 197; Piers Ploughman, p. 241; Ritson's Songs, i. 58, 64 ; Depos. Ric. II. p. 27. Also spelt brim, as in Langtoft, p. 154. The tenn is still api)lied to a sow maris nppetens. They ar bold and breme as b;tre. MS. Ilail. 22r,-2, f. 89. (2) Briny ? cuirass .' Or very possibly tlie word may be incorrectlv written for brenie ill MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 88. BREN. Bran. North. See an early instance in Piers Ploughman, p. 128. Th;iii take an hanfulle ot brenne, and putt hit into tlic hfrhis, that hit wexo fiuiniju'wliat rnwnde and thylike. MS. Med. Odl. I'.muii. f. 111. BRENCIt. The brink. Ellis, ii. 138. BREN-CIIEESE. Bread and cheese. South. liUENDE. (1) To make broad; to spread about. North. Kcnnett, MS. Lansd. 1033. (2) Burnished. BUKNDSTON. Brimstone. Suljihur vivttm, MS. Sloano 5, f. 9. BRENNK. To burn. (//..5.) See Kyng Ali- saunder, 4881; Minot's Poems, p. 23; Piers Ploughman, p. 307 ; Leg. Cathol. p. 221 ; Mamidevile's Travels, p. 55; Totld's Illiuf-a- tions, p. 219. No so hote fyre ys yn no land, As hyt ys at)oute ine brenti'ind. MS. Hart. 1701, f. IS. And kyndels thaire wilits with the fyre of love, makand thaim hate and brynriand within, and fayre and lufely in Jhesu Crist eghe. MS. Cull. Eton. 10, f. 1. BRENNINGLY. Hotly. {A.-S.) BRENT. Steep. North. BRENWATER. Aqua forlis. BRENYEDE. Brave ; courageous. (A.-N.) 1 salle to batelle the brynge of brenyede knyghtes Thyrtty thosaunde be tale, thiyftye in armes. Mi'jtn Arthurs, MS, Linvttln, f. 56. BRERD. Surface ; top ; brim. (A.-S.) BRERE. (1) Briar. {A.-N.) See Chaucer, Cant. T. 1534 ; Reliq. Antiq. U. 82. (2) To sprout. North. BREREWOOD. Cotgrave has, " Aile, a wing ; also, the brimme or brereuood of a hat." Can- gives brenard as still in use in the same sense. BRERN. A man. Ps. Cott. BRESE. To bruise. {A.-N.) See Townelev Myst. p. 214; Skclton, ii. 100; Leg. Cathol'. p. 199. Ful faste they wraityn, no thyng they wounden, Nedes they mote brete foule hys honden. MS. Harl. 1701 , f . Ml. And set hur upon an olde stede. That was breayd and biynde. MS. Cantab. Ff. ii.38, f. ;.T. BRESSEMOR. A beam. North. BRESTE. (1) To burst. {A.-S.) Bothe thorow owt back and bone. He made the biode to owt brchte. MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. ti|i. (2) A burst of sorrow. All that there were, bothe moost and lecstc. Of Gyc they had a grete breste. MS. Cantab. Pf. ii. .TO, f. UV. BRESURE. A bniise or sore. BRET. To fade away ; to alter. A>«/. See Keii- nett, MS. Lansd. 1033. Standing com so ripe that the grain falls out, is said to bret out. BRETAGE. A parapet. Thanne alle the folke of that cct^ Rane the gcaunte for to see. At the bretiige thare he stode. MS. Lincoln A. 1. 17, f. Iii3. Whenne he had shync ihe knyghtes fyve, Agayne to tlie walles gaiine he dryve. And over the ^icMc'* panne !ye. Ibid f. J('3. BRETAGEl). Embatllcd. Towre.l withe torertei* was the tcnte thanne. And aftur brctaged abowto bryjte to byholde. MS. C«tt. Cul,j/.\. 11. f. Hi. BRETEXED. Embattled, li/tlynte. BRIiTFULL. Brimful. See Todd's Ilhistra- tions, p. 324; Chaucer, Caul. T. 689, 2166 ; House of Fame, iii. 1033; Wright's Seven Sages, p. 33. Tak the levca of henbayno one Missomer e\'enc, and stampe thanic a liltille, and fille a mekille pott brel/utle, and thirlle the pott in tin- bithonir. MS. i.,ui: .Viui. f. :ii>i;. BRETII. Rage; anger. U BRI 210 BRI BRETHELING. A worthless person. See Ai- thour and Merlin, i>P- 7. 219 : Beves of Ham- toun, p. 81. Brethellys, Cov. Myst. p. 308 ; and breycl in Prompt. Parv. p. 50, seems to be an error for brethel, translated hy miserculus. BRETISE. See Bretage. BRETYNYD. Caricd -, cut up. (A.-S.) He broghte iti that bryn.incle croke, And bretyhyd saules, and alle to-schoke. R. deBrunne, MS. Bowes, p. I. BREVE. (1) ToteUj to speak; to inform ; to esteem, or account. Also, to mark, to \viite. See Boke of Cmlasye, p. 23 ; Wright's Pol. Songs, p. 156; Ordinances and Regulations, p. 47; Hardyng's Chronicle, f. 102. Brere- ment, an account, Ordinances and Regulations, p. 71 ; brefer, ib. p. 70. (2) Brief ; short. See Octovian, 533 ; Sharp's Cov. Mvst. p. 157. brevet! (1) A little brief, or letter. {A.-N.) See Piers Ploughman, pp. 5, 116; Boke of Curtasye, p. 22. Brevetowre, a porter or car- rier of letters, breeigerulus, Ducange and Prompt. Parv'. (2) To move about inquisitively ; to search dili- gently into anything, n'est. BREVIALL, A breviary. BREVIATt'RE. A note of abbreviation. See the Nomenclator, p. 9. BREW. .V kind of bird, mentioned in the Archaeologia, xiii. 341. BREWARD. a blade of corn. North. BREWER'S-HORSE. a dnmkard was some- times said to be " one whom the brewer's horse hath bit." See Mr. Cunningham's notes to Rich's Honestie of this Age, p. 72. FaUtatf compares himself to a brewer's horse, 1 Ilem-y IV. iii. 3, in a contemptuous manner. BREWET. Pottage; broth. {A.-S.) Brouwys, Richard Coer de Lion, 3077. Tliis probably differed from the North country breuis, which is made of slices of bread, with fat broth poiu-ed over them. " Ailipatum est quodlibet eduimn adipe inpinguatum, browesse," Reliq. Antiq. i. 7. Cf. Withals' Dictionarie, ed. 1 608, p. 152, brews. Take cleere water for strong lune, browne bread for fine manchet, beefe and hrt^vis for quailes and partridge. Lsli/'s Euphues. BREWLEDE. The leaden cooling vessel used bv brewers. BREWSTER. A brewer. North. BREYDE. (1) A board. (^.-5.) (2) Force ; violence. A squyer brake a bogh with grete bi-eyde, Hyt biedd on hym bothe honde and face. MS. Cantnh. Ff. ii. 38, f. 46. (3) To frighten ; to startle. BREYT. Broth. BRE3E. To frighten. {A.-S.) BRE3ET. Breath. In MS. Med. Coll. Eman. f. 3, a kind of aqua-rilte is said to " amend stynkyng brevet, 5if a man drynk it." BRIAN. To keep fire at the mouth of an oven. North. BRIBAGE. Bribery. See Harrison's Description of England, p. 149. BRIBE. To rob; to steal. {A.-N.) "Have stolen and bribed signetts ;" Rot. Pari, as (|U0ted by Tyrwhitt, v. 33. Palsgrave has, " 1 bribe, I pull, I pyll," f. 174. " Divide me like a brib'd buck, each a haunch," says Falstaff, Merry Wives, v. 5, which modern editors most imaccountably alter. Was the allusion unnatural for a man who had so re- cently killed deer, and broken open a lodge ? BKIBO'UR. A robber. Also, a beggar. {A.-N.) See Cov. Myst. p. 183; Prompt. Parv. p. 50, translated bv manticulus. BRICCO. Brittle. Chesh. BRICHE. Happy. BRICK. (1) To break by pulUng back. Hence in Kent, to bricken and to AriWe?! up the head is to hold it up and backward. Kennett. (2) A kind of loaf. Var. dial. (3) .\ rent or flaw. Devon. BRICKEN. Made of brick. South. BRICKETTES. The pieces of armour which covered the loins, and joined the tassets. BRICK-KEEL. A brick-kiln. Soicth. Floriohas the term in v. MattonUra. BRICKLE. Brittle. North. See Topsell's Foure- footed Beasts, p. 321 ; Harrison's Description of England, pp. 21, 213,221 ; Romeus and Juliet, p. 56. BRICKNOGGIN. An old strong mode of build- ing with frequent wooden right-ups, or studds, filled in between with bricks. Half-timbered houses are called brick-pane buildings. BRICKSTONE. A brick. North. Also called a brick-tile. BRICK-WALLS. To swallow one's meat with- out chewing, is sometimes called making brick-walls. BRICOLE. (1) The rebound of a ball after a side stroke at tennis. In EngUsh often called a brick-wall, as in HoUyband and Cotgrave. in V. Uricole ; brickoU, Florio, in v. Briccola. (2) An ancient military engine, used for batter- ing down walls. (a.-N.) See Du Bartas. p. 491. BRIO. A bird. {A.-S.) See Minot's Poems, p. 31 ; Hartshome's Met. Tales, p. 53 : Chaucer, Cant. T. 10925. The herb bird's- tongue is called briddestonge in MS. Sloane 5. f. 6. I am as joly as brid on bough. MS. CUetham, fi(iSO. BRIDALE. See Brerfafr. BRIDDIS. Brood; family. {A.-S.) Anoone heordeynide a vessel afore hir hole, ande put therin everi daye milke, that the serpent withe his briddi-s myght licke hit oute. Gesta Romannmm, p. lOfi. BRIDE. (1) A bridle. (^.-A^.) (2) Florio, in v. Cincischidre, has, " to mince or bride it at the table or in speech as some af- fected women use." Lilly, in his Mother Bombie, applies the term to the behaviour of newlv-married people. BRIDE-DOOR. To run for the bride-door, is to BRI 211 BRI start for a favour given by a briiie to be run for by the youth of the neighbourliood, wlio wait at the church-door until tlie marriage is over, and then run to the bride's door. The prize a riband, which is worn for the day in the hat of the winner. North. BRIDE-LACES. A kind of broad riband or small streamer, often worn at weddings, al- luded to in the Gamester, iii. 3, and by Laneham. BRIDEWELL. A well-known prison, and hence generally applied, as in the OptickGIasse of Humors, 1639, p. 21. BRIDGE-PIN. Part of a gun, mentioned in Blome'sGeut. Rec. ii. 124. BRIDGES. A kind of thread. BRIDLE. An ancient instrument for punishing a scold; one of them still exists atCongleton. See England and Wales, p. 519. "To bite on the bridle," to suffer great hardships. BRIDLEGGED. Weak in the legs. Chesh. BRIDLE-ROAD. A road for a horse only. Also called a bridle-sty and a bridle-way. BRIDLING. A bitch maris appetcns. BRIDLING-CAST. A parting turn or cast. See Skelton, ii. 117. BRIDRIS. Breeders. lilUDWORT. Meadow-sweet. liltlHK. (1) A petition; any short paper, or si)eech ; a letter. See Towneley Myst. p. 127 ; Ellis's Met. Rom. ii. 118. Ilcnce an abstract, an account. The word is still retained by lawyers. (2) Rife ; common ; prevalent. Shak. Still used in the provinces, but chiefly applied to epide- mic disorders. (3) A horse-fly. Elyot, in v. Oestrum, says, " it seincth to bee the fly called a britfe or horse Hie, by reason that it doeth so vexe cat- tell in sonnner tyme." (4) A breve in music. BRIG. An utensil used in brewing and in dairies to set the strainer upon. North. A kind of iron, set over a fire, is so called. BRIG ANT. A robber or plunderer. BUKiANT.WLE. Brigandiue, an extremely jiliable kind of armour, consisting of small lilates of iron sewn u])on quilted linen or leather. See Ilolinshed, Hist. Ireland, p. IG ; Tost. Vetust. p. 189. of armis or of Itriftaritaj/te, Stuod nothynge thannciipon bataylc. Cuwfn; JIK. Soc. yliiliq. 1,14, f. 32. BRIGE. Contention. {A.-N.) BRIGGE. A bridge. North. BRIGGEN. To abridge. Briggid, abridged, Langtoft. p. 247. Uyrevcn man his hclthc and liiH wtlfarr. And his dayes fcciA'A'''". ">'d schurti" hU lyf. Ocrlnc, MS. Soc. Aitliii. 13J, f. 251. BRIGHT. CelaiullMe. BKIGHTSOME. Bright. SeeHoIinshcd, Ili.st. England, p. 99 ; Stanihurst's Descr. of Irelaml, p. 2B. BRIGIRDLE. See lirffk. BKIK. Narrow ; straight. Cotes. BRIKE. Breach ; niin. {A.-S.) BRIM. (1) Sea; flood; river. Sea-sand is still called brim-sand in Dorset. (2) The same as breme, q. v. (3) The forehead. North. This seems to be the right meaning in Octovian, 93 (4) to bring. East. BRIMME. Public ; known. BRIMMER. A hat. North. BRIMMLE. A bramble. IVest. Iluloet, 1552, has brymble. Brymmeylle, bremmyll, Pr. Parv. BRIMS. A gadfly. Kent. See Kennett, MS. Lansd. 1033, who gives the phrase, "You have a brims in your tail," i. e. are always running about. ISrimsey occurs in Cotgrave, in V. best re ; Topsell's History of Serpents, p. 247 ; and Skinner refers to Higins for it. BRIMSTONE. Rampant. South. BRINCH. To drink in answer to a pledge. Lyly's Mother Bombie, ed. 1632, sig. Aa. vii. Bryncher, Gascoyne's Delicate Diet, 1576. Nares is at fault with respect to tliis word, which is sometimes spelt brindice. BRINDED. Fierce. Devon. BRINDLED. Streaked ; variously coloured. BRINGEN. To bring. {A.-S.) "To bring one going," to bring one on one's way, to accoi.i- pany a person part of a journey. BRINI. A cuirass. See Kvng Alisaunder, 1249, 1869, 5149; Kyng Horn, 1230; Kyng (.f Tars, 949 ; Horn Childe. p. 284 ; Gy of \\ ar. wike, p. 140; Minot's Poems, p. 171; Arthour and Merlin, p. 287 ; Sir Tristrem, pp. 147,301. Buskede in hrenyet bryghte to li«halde. Morle ,4,lhure, MS. Lincoln, f I 0. BRINKLE. A dog "with one patch of black brown Irrinkle on the left eye and left ear" is mentioned in the Times, Aprd24, 1845. BRINK-WARE. Small faggots to repair the banks of rivers. East. BRINT. Burnt. {A.-S.) The trees hit brast, theertheftH/.f, At Gesson londe there hit stint. Curior Munili, MS. Coll. Trin. Canlab. f. .1«. BRISE. (1) To bruise ; to break. (2) A bristle. North. (3) Fallow ground. East. 15RISK-ALE. Ale of a su|)erior quality. See Toulmin's Hist, of Taunton, p. 25. BRISKEN. To be livelv. BKISLE-DICE. A kind of false dice. BRISS. Dust ; rubbish. Devon. Briss-aiid-bul- tons, sheep's droj}pings. BRISSE. To bruise. BRISSLE. To scorch ; to drv. North. BRISSOUR. A sore jilaco ; a chap. (Dan.) The term occurs in MS. Med. Line. f. 299. Com- pare MS. Med. Coll. Knian. fol. 19, " also it i» good emi)liistrcs for wnwndis that ben ranclyd, for to scsc ache, aiitl do awey brisoitris." BRISTEZ. Bursts. Of myiic hnrd hertc than m f;rrt wondirc. That it fur tontwc bristez noi^litv In fundyrc. MS. Linevtn A. i 17. f. IIW BRO 212 BRO r.RIST.IITGH. Viulent. Yorh/,. liRlSTLE-TAIL. A gadfly. Kort/i. BRIT. To indent ; to bruise. West. It is also another form of brute. BRITAIN-CROWN. A gold coin, worth about five sliillin^s. See SneUing's Coins, p. 24. BRITH. AVrath : contention. BRITONNER. A swaggerer. Skinner. BRITTENE. To cut up ; to carve ; to break, or divide into fragments. {A.-S.) Used in the North, according to Kennett's Glossary, p. 33. See Langtoft, p. 244 ; Robson's Romances, p. 64 ; lUust. of Fairy Mythology, p. 67. Weiiez thow o b, iunte liym with thy brande ryche. M:n-le Arlhure, MS. Linmlii, f. 63. BRITTLING. The slow-worm. BRIZE. A gadfly. BRO. Brow ; biink. BROACH. (1) A spit. Also a verb, to spit or transfix, as in JIS. Morte Arthure, f. 65. Ken- nelt says, " in Yorkshire they call a scewer or any sharp pointed stick a broche, as also the spindle stick whereon the thread or yarn is wound." The term is applied to a larding-pin in Warner's Antiq. Culin. p. 43. Broche- turners, lads who turned the spit, ih. p. 97. Cf. Tundale, p. 13. (2) A steeple. North. The term is now nearly obsolete. A pyramicUcal spire is still called a broach-steeple, a phrase which occurs in the Optick Classe of Humors, 1639, p. 41. (3) k taper ; a torch. See Piers Ploughman, p. 362 ; Anturs of Arth. xxxv. 9. (1) An irregular growing of a tooth. Topsell's Foure-footed Beasts, pp. 159, 331. Phillips has brocliity, a crookedjiess, especially of the teeth. (5) A kiiul of liuckle or clasp ; a breast-pin ; a sort of jewel or ornament ; an ornamental pin or loop. See Kyng Ahsaundcr, 6842 ; Richard Coer de Lion, 2067. The term is also used metaphorically for ornament. (6) To deflower. Miege. (7) According to Polwhele, a sharply pointed stick to tlirust into mows of corn. A rod of willow or hazle used by thatchers is so called. Var. dial. (8) A spur. .'Vlso a verb, to spur. " Ther stedes broched thei fast," Langtoft, p. 277. (9) To shape stones roughly, .\orth. (10) A tisliing-hook. Prompt. Pan'. BROAn. A^large flooded fen. East. BROAD-AKROW. An arrow with a very large head, and forked. BROAD-BAND. Corn laid out in the sheaf on the band, and spread out to dry after rain. XortA BROAD-BEST. The best suit of apparel. East. BROAD-CAST. Corn sown bv the hand and not drilled. Sout/i. BROAD-HEADS. Tbe heads of broad-arrows, used for shooting. BROAD-SET. Short and thick. Tiie term is ap|>licd to cloth in Strutt, ii. 94. }!R»AK'. To belch. East. BROAN. A faggot. Sort/i. BROB. To prick with a bodkin. Aorl/t. BROBILLANDE. Weltering. Many a bakle maniie laye there swykeiie, Brabitlande in his blode. MS. Lincoln A, i, 17, f. 115. BROC. A rupture. BROCAGE. A treaty by a broker or agent. (A.-S.) See Piers 'Ploughman, pp. 33, 289 ; Rehq. Antiq. ii. 239. BROCALE. Broken victuals. Pr. Parv. BROCHE. See liroacli. BKOCHET. A brocket, q. v. See Hawkins* Engl. Dram. iii. 238. BROCIIT. Brought. BROCK. (1) A badger. It is the translation of castor in MS. Coll. Jes. Oxon. 28, so that it was probably also apphed to a beaver. " Tauvs, a brokke," Reliq. Antiq. i. 7. Cf. Mirror for Magistrates, p. 119; Reliq. Antiq. ii. 79, 83; Ywaine and Gawin, 98 ; Dial. Creat. Moral, p. 260 ; Piers Ploughman, p. 1 19. It is also a term of contempt, as in Peele's Jests, p. 22. (2) A cabbage. North. (3) A piece or fragment. fVest. (4) A cow or husbandry horse. North. Brock- ing mongrel, a vicious jade. (5) The insect that produces the froth called cuckoo-spittle. Var. dial. (6) .4. brocket, q. v. Florio has, " Cerbidtto, a brocke or a staggard." BROCKE. To brook ; to enjoy. BROCKET. According to Twici, Reliq. Antiq. i. 151, and Harrison, Description of Englanil, p. 226, a stag in its second year, but Blome, ii. 75, says the name is given to a stag in its third year, which agrees with the Maystre of theGame, MS. Bodl. 546. BROCKLE. Brittle. North. It is found in Huloet, 1552, and is also applied to cattle apt to break through a field. BROCOUR. A seller or broker. {A.-N.) With avarice usur^ 1 sy5e. With his brocourig that renne aboute, Gouec il.'i. Six. Aniiq. 134, f. 154. BRODDLE. To make holes. North. BRODE. To prick. North. Florio mentions a kind of nail so called, ed. 1611, p. 68, which mav be the same with brodyke in Ashmoje's Theat. Chem. Brit. p. 132. BRODEKINS. Buskins or half-boots, similar to what were afterwards called startups, and generally worn by rustics. {Fr.) BRODEL. A brothel. Hanison'sDescr. of Eng- land, p. 216. Also a term of abuse. BRODKLYCHE. Strong ; furious. BRODID. Spread. BRODS. Monev. Line. BROERH. Tractable. {A..S.) BROO. (1) A swampy or bushy place. North. (2) To crop. Yorksii. (3) To brog; a method ofcatching eels with iroys itT small sticks, which is called brogging. North. (4) A trick. East. BROGGER. A badger who deals in corn. Se« HoUnsbed, iii. 1588. BRO 213 BRO liROGUES. (1) Coarse shoes. Sfiak. Accord- ing to Kennett, " a sort of shoe made of the rough hide of any heast, commonly used hy the wilder Irish." See liolinshed, Chron. Ireland, p. ICO. (2) Breeches. Suffolk. BROIDED. Braided ; woven. (A.-N.) BROIDEN. Interwoven ? Lond of lif, of roo and rest, With blis and bote hmiden best. Curmr Munrii, Jl/A'. Coll. Trin. Catltab. t. 7. BROK. The name of an inferior horse, men- tioned by Chancer, Cant. T. 7125, and said by Brand to be still in use, i. 293. Kennett says, " hence the name of brockman in Kent, i. e. horseman." See Broci (4). " Jlroi, an old sword," Ash. BROKALY. Broken victuals. BROKDOL. Brittle. Prompt. Pan. BROKE. (1) To deal or transact a business, particularly of an amorous nature ; to act as a procurer. Nares. (2) A breach, llecon. Hence a misdeed, or crime. (3) A brook. {A.-S.) (4) To keep safe. Skinner, ih) A rupture. Kent. (6) Sheep are said to broke when lying under a broken bank. North. BROKE-BAKKYDE. Crookbacked. Pr.Paro. BROKELEAK. The water-dock. BROKELETTES. Fragments. BROKELL. Rubbish. Ualoet. Brokle, brittle, Elvot, in V. Ahie. BROKEN. A brook. Skhmer. BROKEN-BEER. Remnants of beer, as we now say broken victuals. Any single odd money, according to Kennett, is called broken money. BRCJKER. A pander or go-between. BROKET. (1) A lark. Korlhumb. See Pen- nant's Tour in Scotland, 1790, i. 48. (2) A brook. " A liroket to the sea" is men- tioned in Lclandi Itiu. iii. 18, 24, 132. (3) A torch or taper. BROKKING. Throbbing; quivering. BROKI.EMBE. The herb orpin. It is the translation of fabaria in MS. Sloanc 5, f. 5. Spelt broklruip in Arch. xxx. 405. liUOl.. A child or brat. {A.-S.) IIKOI.L. I'art; piece. Coles. liUOM. The bit of a bridle. Nortl>. BllO.MlDCliAM. A corruption of Birmingham. A Bromidgham groat, a sjiurious fourpenny- piece. A person neitlier Whig nor Tory, but between both, was called a Bromidgham. BRON'CHED. Pierced. BRONDE. (I) A sword; a club. Or tliou passe thorow my hondc, And Mordclay my godc liroH'tf. .MS. Cantah. Ff. il. ,10, f. 101. He schul<1c hym dryre to grounde With that broJide in a lytylle stoundc. Iblrl. {. LM«. (2) A torch. (^A..N.) BKOND-IRON. A s».«-d. Spenser. BRONDIT. Branded; b\irnt. Huloct has bronilon in the same sense. BRONE. Brown. BRONG. Brought. North. BRONNYN. liurn, destroy, pi. BRONSTROP. A prostitute. BROO. (1) Brother. North. (2) The top nf anything. Tak a knyfe, and sctiere it smal, thenite and alle, and sethe it In water; take the ^roo of that, and late it go thorow a clowte. MS. Line. Med. f. 2S.'). BROOCH. See Broach. BROO-CHIP. A person of the same trade, or likeness. North. BROOD. To cberisb. BROOD-HEN-STAR. A star mentioned by riorio, in v. f'eryilie. BROODLE. To cuddle. North. BROODY. Sullen; ill-tempered. Dorset. BROOK. (1) To brook up, sjioken of clouds when they draw together, and threaten rain. South. Tusser uses the word. (2) A boil or abscess. Line. Given by Skin- ner, but now obsolete. (3) To keep food on the stomach ; to digest. Patsgrare. BROOM-DASHER. A dealer in faggots, brooms, &c. Kent. BROOM-FIELD. To sweep broom-field, to in- herit the whole property; to get possession of the whole of anything. East. BROOM-GROVES. A passage in the Tempest, iv. 1, has occasioned some difficidty, on ac- count of a mention of the shadow of a broom- grove. It appears from Prompt. Parv. ]>. 53, that the term brome was also ap|)lie(l to the tamarisk ; but there is no necessity for sup- posing that to be the tree alluded to by Shakespeare. See Gerard, p. 1132; Two Lancashire Lovers, KilO, p. 222. That one species of broom would aft'ord shade is appa- rent from the following passage : In a brom/fid ther wcr hiddc Thre hundred Sarrazins wele y-schrlddc. 0> u/ )Varwike, p. 292. BROOMSTAFF. The handle of a broom. Henry VIII. V. 3. BROSE. To bruise. Ther were raenne brayned and broted to the deth. MS. Coll. Culig. A. ii. f. 117. BROSELEY. A pipe, so called from a place in Shropshire famous for their mamif;ielure. BUOSEWORT. Henbane. It is translated by simphoniala in .MS. Sloanc 5, f. 9. (ierard has it in his supplement, but according to liim it is the consotida minor. BROSIER. A bankrupt. Chesh. BROSSHING. Gathering sticks or bushes. BROSTEN. Burst. North. stones bro^ien, the erth schoke. And dedc folk gannc awake. MS. ylthnxlr 41, f. 134. BROTCIIET. A tliin liquor made frimi the last stpieezings of a boney-eonib. North. BROTEL. Brittle; unsteady. {A.-S.) BRO 214 BRU BROT-GROUND. Ground newly broken up. Westmoreland. BROTH. Pottage. Nor//i. Often a plura! uoun, a few broth. A " broth of a boy," an excellent fellow. BROTH-BELLY. A glutton. North. BROTHE. (1) Enraged. Broihefulle, aitgry, violent, Langtoft, p. 55. (2) Abroad. North. BROTHEL. A wretch; a worthless person. {J.-S.) See Kretheliiiq. The term was often applied to a harlot, especially by later writers. Elyot translates meretrix, *' an harlot, a brothel," and the word also occurs in Skelton and Piers Ploughman. BROTHERED. Embroidered. BROTIIERHED. Brotherly affection. {A..S.) BROTllEK-IN-LAW. A half-brother. East. BROTHER-LAW. A brother-in-law. Ti'est. BROTHERWORT. Pennyroyal. BROTH LY. Angrily; violently. See Brothe, and Sir Perceval, 2123. And than the BfL-tons bruthely enbrassez theire schelilez. Mtiyte Arthure, MS. Lincoln, f. 71- BROTHY. Hard ; stiff. {A.-S.) BROTTS. Fragments ; droppings. North. BROUD. A forehead. Jlest. BROUDER. Embroider?. BROUGH. A kind of halo. North. BROUGH-WHAiL According to Kennett, a dish made of cheese, eggs, clap-bread, and butter, boiled together. Lane. Brockett writes it lirouyhton, and says it is an old Northumbrian dish, composed of two cakes, with thin slices of cheese in the middle. BROUKE. To use ; to enjoy. {A.-S.) Take hir here and brtnike hir wel, Of thin wol I never a dtl Ciii-surMuiidi, M.S. Oill T,-in. Cantab. (. 16. BROUS. Brows ; foreheads. Come ftniies fele with lothcly brans, And fylden ful alle the hous. MS. Hail. i;01. f. 53. BROUSE. Brushwood. West. BROUSTE. Nourished. BROUT. A moment of time. BROUTH. Brought. BROW. (1) Brittle, mits. (2) Saucy ; pert. North. BROWDED. Embroidered. (A.-N.) Hdlh on her tapites sonilfe hewes sene Of fressh tloures that so welie binnded bene. MS. Cantab. Ff. 1.6, f. II. BROWDEN. Anxious for ; attached to. Also, vain, conceited. North. BROWDENE. Broad ; extended. {.4.-S.) BROWEN. Brewed. BROWING. Soup ; pottage. BROWN-BILL. The bill, an ancient weapon of the English sohhery. BROWN-CLOCK. The cockchafer. Nortli. BROWN-CROPS. Pulse. Glone. BROWN-DAY. A gloomy day. Wilts. BROWN-DEEP. Lost in retlection. Kent. BROWN-GEORGE. A coarse kind of bread ; also, a large earthen pitcher. BROV/NISTS. A sect founded by Robert Brown of RutlaiuUliire, temp. Elizabeth, and violently opposed to the Church of England. They are alluded to by Shakespeare and most writers of his time. BROWN-LEEMERS. Ripe brown nuts. Called also brtyiriishutlers. The term is figuratively applied to generous persons. Aorth. BROWSAGE. Browsing. BROW-SQUARE. A triangular piece of linen, usually bound about the head of an infant just born. West. BROWYLLINGE. Broiling. See a curious drawing of Indians broiryllinge their fish in MS. Sloane 1622, f. 83. Broylly, broiled, Maundevile, p. 107. BROYLERY. A tumult. BRUCE. Pottage. BRUCHE. A brook. Reliq. Antiq. ii. 272,277. Also, a broach, as in the MS. Morte Arthure. BRUCK. A field-cricket. Nortti. BRUCKELED. Wet and dirty; begrimed. East. Herriek has the word, i. 126. Kennett, p. 137, says " to brookle or brukle in the North is to make wet and dirty." BRUDLE. To sulfer a child to lie till he is fully awake. Devon. BRUE. To embnie. BRUET. A kind of thick pottage. See Towne- ley Myst. p. 43; Ordinances and Regulations, p.'446 ; Rehq. Antiq. ii. 30. BRUFF. (1) Hearty; jolly; healthy; proud; elated. .\lso, rough in manners. Also, to go to bruff, the same as brim, applied to a sow. Var. dial. (2) Brittle. Dorset. BRUGG. A bridge. (A.-S.) BRUIT. A rumour or report. See Heywood's Iron Age, sig. C. iii. ; Elyot, in v. Aseriho. BRUITIST. A brute. See Heywood's Rovidl King and LovaU Subject. 1G37, sig. F. iii. BRULLIMENT. A broil. North. BRUMBLE-GELDER. A farmer. East. BRUMMELL. A bramble. Hants. BRUMilOCK. A kind of knife. Salop. BRUXIP. To lop trees in the night surrep- titiously. East. BRUMSTONY. Brimstone. BRUN. To burn. North. BRUNE. Brown. {A.-S.) BRUNGEON. A brat ; a poor child. Kent. BRUNSWICK. A kind of dance. BRUNSWYNE. k %ea\. Pr. Parv. It is trans- lated hy ffjca, siiitlns, and delphinus. Ducange, in V. Foca, says it is the boca, a fish for which Elyot could not find a name in EngUsh, in v. Bocas. BRUNT. Sharp to the taste. North. BRUNTE. To make a start ; to leap. BRURE. Brushwood. West. BRUSELL. To bruise, or break. BRUSH. (1) Stubble. Staff. (2) To splash hedges. Yorksh. (3) A nosegay. Devon. (4) The tail of a fox. BRY 215 BUG (•, To jump quickly. Var. dial. BRUSHALY. A bush or branch of a tree. BRLSLERY.- A tumult. BRUSS. (1) Proud ; upstart. Sussex. (2) The dry spine of fiu-ze broken otl". Devon. BRUSSCHET. A bush, or thicket. And in that like brus.-^vhet by Five thousant of othre anA more. MS. .Jslimile 33, f. 10. BRUST. (1) A bristle. ElUs, ii. 311. Hence rough, or covered with bristles, as in Wright's Pol. Songs, p. 151. (2) To burst, ^orfh. BRUSTING-SATURDAY. The Saturday before Shrove-Tuesday, on which day there is eaten fryiug-pan pudding, made of the same material as a pancake, but stirred up and thick, and breaking into crumbly pieces. Line. BRUSTLE. To crackle, to make a noise like straw or small wood in burning ; to rustle. Also, to parch. East. And Marcli that all doth [larch, And hruafiech all aboute, .)oth dry the waies that winter wilts. And dust doth fill the route. MS. Mhmole 384, f. 18(1. BRUSY. Be gone ! Beds. BRUTE. Rough. Drayton has this word, p. 21, and it occurs in Robert of Gloucester. BRUTEL. Brittle. MS. Bodl. 294, reads 4nW in the following passage. The worlde is passed and agone. And nowe upon his olde lone It stant of brutel erlhe and stele. The whiche acorden never a dele. Cower, ed. 1532, f. C BRUTS. Old clothes. Sorth. BRUTTE. To browse. Simlli. BRUTTLE. Furious; wild. Var. dial. BRUYSE. Brewis. Iluhet. BRUZZ. To blunt. Yorksh. BRUZZLED. Over-roasted. Xorth. BRW'KE. To brook, or enjoy. No gyfte ne grace, nother tharcgase, Bot bruke as wehafe broghle. MS. Lincoln A. 1. 17, f. S13. BRY. A kind of tart. BRYARY. A place where briars grow. Huloet. BRYBRE. Robbery. BRYCIIE. Low. Now ys Pcrs bycomc bryche, rliat er was bothe stoute and ryche. MS. Hart. 1701, f . 39. BRYDE. Bowed ; broke. BRYGAUNTYS. Robbers. BRYGOUS. Quarrelsome J contentious. BRYLLYNE. See Birle. BRYMEUS. An ancient dish, described in the Forme of Cury, p. 96. It is spelt bryneu.v in MS. Sloane 1201, f. 2.3. BRY mm: NT. A kind of tart. BRYMLYCllE. Fierce. BRY'N. Brains, way, path, passage, journey. Heanie. BRYNE. Brows or bristles. BRYNKE. To bring. BRYNNYS. Bourns; slrenms. BRYON. Wild nepte. BKYSTE. Need; want. Lord, when saghe we the have hunger or tbryste. Or of hertjer have grette bryfite, MS. Coll. Sian. xvlii. 6. BRYSWORT. The less daisy. BRYTTYNE. See Brittle. Bryttle, to cut up venison, still used in the North. To bri/tti/ne the bare thay went fuUe lite ; Thar wolde no knyvcs in hym bytte. So hard of hyde was he. .MS. Lincoln A. i. 17. f. 1-11. BRYVE. Brief. BU. (1) An ox. (^.-A'.) (2) To bend. NorUi. BUB. Liquor. Var. dial. Hence bubber, a great drinker or bibber, as in Middleton's Works, iv. 121. BUBALLE. An ox. See Liber Niger Domus Regis Edw. IV. p. 17. " Bubalus, a wod or nbubyl," MS. Had. 1738, f. 10. BUBBLE. (1) A simple fellow. (2) To cheat. Var. dial. (3) To dabble in the water. BUBBLE-AND-SQUEAK. A dish composed of fried lieef and cabbage. BUBBLE-HOLE. A chTld's game. There is also a game called Bubble the Justice, which, according to some, is the same with nine-holes. BUBBLY JOCK. A turkcv-cock. Aort/i. BUB-STICllALL. See Slichall. BUBUKLE. A botch or iiupostbume. {Lat.) BUCHT. A milking or herding place for sheep. Northurnb. BUCK. (1) To wash. .\lso, a quantity of linen washed at once, a tub full of linen in buck. Hence, to wash a buck, to wash a tub of that kind, a phrase punned upon by Sliakespeare, and has been misunderstood. " Buck-ashes, the ashes whereof lye hath bin made," Cot- grave, in V. Charrie. Buck-basket, the basket in which linen is carried. Bouckfatt, Unton Inventories, p. 28, a washing-tub. Bukkcd, drenched, api)licd generally by Fabian. " Bh- ai/o, waslit in a buck," Florio. (2) A gay or fashion.ible person. " As merry as a buck," BilUngsly's Brachy-Martvrologia, 1657, p. 187. And of these herded bui-fryj also, With hcmself they inoche mysdo, MS. Harl. 1701, f. ii. (3) The body of a waggon. East. .\lso, the iron to which the horses are tied. (1) To spring with agility. East. (5) The breast. Sussex. (6) To swell out. Somerset. (7) To fdl a basket. A>«/. (8) To beat. Yurksh. BUCK-BUCK. A child's game, perhaps more generally known as, " buck, buck, bow many liorns do I hold up?" There is alMi aiMiilirr game, called buck-in-thc-park. BUCKE. A book. BUCKED. Raneid ; turned sour. U'exl. BICKER. (1) .\ bent piece of wood, ispix'iall; that on whicli a slaui;lilercd animal is sus> BUD 216 BUG peiideJ. Hence the phrase, " as bent as a bucker." The term is also applied lo a horse's hind leg. Suffolk. [2) A flat broad-headed hammer, used in mining. BUCKERDO. Bocardo. Brit. Bil)l. iv. 203. BUCKERELS. " A kind of play used by boys in London streets in H. 8 time, now disused, and I think forgot," Blount's Glossograpliia, p. 95. Hall mentions this game, Henry VUI. f. 61. BUCKET. A pulley. North. BUCKETS. Square pieces of boggy earth, below the surface. Yorksh. BUCKHEAD. To lop. Var. dial BUCKHORN. Dried haddock. BUCKLE. (1) To bend, or yjeld to pressure. It occurs in this sense in 2 Henry IV. i. 1, and the commentators do uot supply another ex- ample. " Ninepences a little buckled," i. e. bent. Thorns' Anecdotes and Traditions, p. 54. (2) To quarrel. Somerset, (3) To marry. Var. dial. " Good silly Stellio, we must buckle shortly," Mother Bombie. BUCKLE-HORNS. Short crooked borus, turn- ing horizontallv inward. Yorksh. BUCKLE-MOU'f HED. Having large straggUng teeth. North. BUCKLER. (1) To defend. Shak. (2) A great beam. Line. BUCKSOME. Blithe ; jolly. South. BUCKSTALL. A net for catching deer. See Hall, Henrv VL f. 99. BUCKSTICK. A stick used in the game of Spell and Ore. BUCKWASHER. A launth-ess. BUCK-WEEL. A bow-net for fish. BUD. (1) To make, or compeh North. (2) A calf of the first year. (3) Behoved. Rilson. BUD-BIRD. The bullfinch. We.tt. BUDDLE. (1) The corn marygold. East. It occurs in an early hst of plants, MS. Sloane 5, f. 6, spelt hudel. (2) To suft'ocate. Somerset. (3) To cleanse ore. North. A vessel made for tliis pm-pose, like a shallow tumbrel, is called a huddle. See Ray's EngUsh Words, ed. 1674, p. 116. BUDDLED. Tipsy. Deeon. BUDDY-BUD. The flower of the biu-r, or bur- dock. North. BUDE. Endured. North. BUDEL. A beadle. BUDGE. (1) Lambskin with the wool dressed outwards ; often worn on the edges of capes, as gowns of Bachelors of Arts are still made. See Fairholt's Pageants, i. 66 ; Strutt, ii. 102 ; Thynne's Debate, p. 32 ; Pierce Penniless, p. 1 1. 1^2) Brisk ; jocund. South. (3) StitT; dull. Sussej: (4) A bag or sack. Kennett. (5) A kind of water-cask. South. (6) To abridge, or lessen. North. (7) A thief. BUDPICKER. The bullfinch. Devon. BUE. Fair. (J.-N.) BUEINGS. Joints. Devon. BUEN. To be. (.-l.-S.) BUER. A gnat. North. BUESS. A stall, or station. Nor!/i. BUF. Beef. Warner. BUFARIOUS. Mendacious. Junius. BUFF. (1) To rebound. JTarw. (2) To emit a dull sound. H'arw. (3) To stammer. Herefordah. (4) The bare skin. Var. dial. (5) The bough of a tree. North. (6) A tuft or hassock. Kent. (7) To beat or strike. Spenser uses it fox buffet. (8) To boast. See a list of old words in Bat- man uppon Bartholome, 1582. BUFFARD. A foohsh feUow. {.l.-N.) See Lydgate's Minor Poems, p. 32. Buffer is still in use in the same sense. BUFFE. A butfalo. See Topsell's Beasts, p. 55 ; HoUyband, in v. Bufle ; Florio, in v. Biiffalo ; Brit. Bibl. i. 478. BUFFET. A kind of cupboard. {Fr.) BUFFET-STOaL. A kind of smaU stool, va- riously described. The term was at an eai'ly period applied to one haring three legs. See Prompt. Parv. p. 41. " Go fetche us a light buffit," Towneley Myst. p. 199. There is a saying in Sutfolk, " a dead ass aud a new bufl"et-stool are two things which nobody ever saw." BUFFIE. A vent-hole in a cask. BUFFIN. A kind of coarse cloth. See Strutt, ii. 95 ; Book of Rates, p. 29. Certainly not huff leather, as Nares coujectures. BUFFING-KNIFE. A knife used in scraping leather. Var. dial. BUFF-JERKIN. A leathern waistcoat, one made of bufli'. Not an unusual garment. See Thvnne's Debate, p. 31 ; Nares, in v. BUFFLE. (1) To handle clumsily; to speak thick and inarticulately. East. (2) A buffalo. See Harrison's Description of England, pp. 3, 201. BUFFLE-HEADED. Stupid. Miege. BUFF-NE-BAFF. Neither one thing nor an- other ; nothing at all. Nares. Jamieson mentions the similar phrase, buff nor stye. BUFT. The joint of the knee. North. BUG. (1) A bugbear; a goblin. See Beau- mont and Fletcher, i. 217: Donee's Illus- trations, i. 328 ; Malone's Shakespeare, xviii. 519 ; Holinshed, Chron. Ireland, p. 85 ; More Knaves Yet, 1612. (2) Proud ; conceited. " Bug as a lord." Tliis seems to be the meaning in Skinner. " To take bug," to take fright or offence. (3) To bend. Kent. BUGABO. A bugbear; a ghost. JJ'est. Ac- cording to Coles, the term was formerly ap- plied to " an ugly wide-mouthed picture," earned about at the May games. BUGAN. The devil, iv'est. BUGASIN. Calico buckram. BUGE. To bend. (A.-S.^ BUL 217 BUL Elde UDh«nde U he ; He chaungeth al my bic, Ant buget/i me to grouiide. Reliq. Antiq. i- 122. BUGGEN. To buy. {j.-S.) See Piers Plough- man, pp. 11, 70, 412; Keliq. Antiq. i. 144; Wright's Anec. Lit. pp. 9, 91. After that God was y-boro To bugge us to syne. MS. Coll. Trin. Oiun. 57. BUGGER. To cheat at play. BUGLE. A buflalo. See Kyng Alisaunder, 5112 ; Mauntlevile's Travels, p. 269 ; Topsell's Beasts, p. 54 ; HoUnshcd, Hist. Scotland, p. 16. Hence bugle-horn, a drinking-vessel made of horn ; also, a hunting liorn. BUGLE-ROD. The crosier of a bishop. BUGS-WORDS. Fierce, high-souncUng words. According to Miege, paroles jileines de fierte. ** Cheval dc trompette, one thats not afraid of shadowes, one whom no big, nor luga vords can terrifie," Cotgrave. See also the same dictionan-, in v. faire; Beaumont and Fletcher, 1. 297, \\i. 118; Ford, ii. 65. BUGY. Rough. BUILD. Built. Leiand. BUILLEN. To bod. So buillen up the foule sawis. Cower, .MS. Soc. Antiq. 134, f. 87. BUIST. To mark sheep. North. BUKE. A book. BUKENADE. A dish in ancient cookerj', re- ceipts forwhicli are given in MS. Sloane 1201, f. 22 ; Forme of Cur>-, pp. 17, 107, 109. Cf. Ordinances and Regulations, p. 450. BULBS. The tonsils of the throat. East. BULCn. To bilge a ship. See Holinshed, Chrou. Ireland, p. 94. BULCHIN. A bull-calf. The term is often one of contempt, as calf is still used, but oc- casionally of kindness. Cf. Hawkins' Engl. Dram. iii. 170; Langtoft, p. 174; Tusser, p. 81 ; Middh-ton, iii. 524. Bulch, Ford, ii. 540. Bulchty attacked by a bullock's bonis. BULDER-STONE. A smooth round stone. See Jiolders. " He gripen sone a hulder ston," Ilavelok, 1790. " Jiudus, a buldyrstone," MS. Bodl. 604, f. 10. BULE. (1) A boil or swelling. (2) The handle of a jian, \c. North. liULGOOD. Yeast. East. BULK. (1) The body. Junius says, " from the neck to tbo middle." Also, the breast. See, Florin, in v. Ejjii/dstrio, where the last meaning is clearly im])lied. Cf. Malone's Shakespeare, vii. 202; .Middleton, iii. 177, V. 509. '2) The bottom part of a ship. Sec Tyrwliitt's Chaucer, iv. 335 ; Florio, in v. /ilivo. (3) The stall of a shop. See Collins' Miscel- lanies, 1762, p. 37; King and a Poore Northeme Man, 1640; Florio, in v. Italcme. Hence, bulker, a night walker, one wlio sleeps under a bench. Skinner gives the Lincolnshire word hulkar, a beam. The front of a butcher's bIio]) wliere the meat is laid is still called a bulkar in that county. (4) To strike ; to beat. The word is given by Forby in the sense of, to throb. On her brestes gon thci lulk. And uchttne to her in tu sculk. Cursor Uuiiiii, ItS. Coll. Trin. Caiiiab. f. 113 BULKE. To belch. (^.-,S.) Also, to bow, to bend. Prompt. Pan. BULL. (1) Strong. Kamett. (2) When cattle throw up the hedges, they are said in Yorkshire to bull them up. (3) An instrument used for beating clay; a sand- stone for scythes. North. BULLACE. A small black and tartish plum, growing wild in some parts of the country, not the sloe. It must not be confused with the common plum so called. The provincial meaning seems to be intended in Cotton's Works, 1734, p. 137; and Florio has bulloes in the same sense, in v. BulUii. BULLATE. To bubble or hoik BULLBEAR. A bugbear. Harvey. BULL-BEGGAR. A hobgobUn ; any object of terror. See Taylor's Workes, i. 147 ; Dent's Pathway to Heaven, p. 109 ; Nomenclator, p. 469; Middleton, ii. 20; Beaumont and Fletcher, vi. 80. BULLED. (1) Swollen. Jonson. (2) Said of a cow maris appetens. Bulling, in Salop. Anti(|. p. 341, also occurs in Topsell's Beasts, p. 73. BULLEN. The stalks of hemp after they are ])illed. Var. dial. BULLER. (1) Toroar. North. (2) A deceiver. (J.-N.) The sefntc eg of fals bullera, That makes thaim or with werke weres. Hampole, MS. Bowrs, p. 7- The sexte case es of fals bullera, Bath that tham makes and that tham wers. MS. Colt, reapaa. A. iii. f. 161 BULLERAND. Weltering. BULL-FACES. Tufts of coarse grass. North. Called also, bull-fronts. BULL-FEIST. A puff-ball. East. BULLFINCH. A stupid fellow. North. BULL-HEAD. A tadpole. Chesh. BULL-HEADS. The curled tufts of hair on the forehead of a woman. BULLIES. Round pebbles. South. BULLIMUNG. A mi.xture of oats, peas, and vetches. See Tusser's Husbandry, p. 38 ; Top.sell's Beasts, p. 330. IIULL-IN-TIIE-PARK. A child's game, per- haps the same as frog-in-thc-niiddle. BILLIONS. Hooks used for fastening the dress ; buttons ; studs; embosseil ornaments of various kinds. Ivlyot translates bulla, " a bullion sette on the cover of a booke, or other thynge ;" and a similiir explanaticm in v. I'mbilicus. " Ilidlyon in a womans girdle, clou," Palsgrave. " Bullions and ornaments of plate engraven ; a btdlion of copper set on bridles or poilrcis for an ornament," Baret's Alvearie, 1580. " Bullions for purses," Book of Rates, 1675, p. 29. Hence the term came to be used for a 14* BUL 218 BUM pair of hose or doublets ornamented vrith Inillions. BULL-JUB. The fish miller's-thumb. Derby. BULL-JUMPINGS. A kind of porridge. North. BULL-KNOB. Same as buU-jub, q. v. BULL-NECK. " To tumble a bull-neck," to place the hands under the thighs, and the head on the ground between the feet, and tumble over. Yorksh. BULLOCK. To bully. North. BULLOCKS. Any fatting cattle. Norf. A bullock is, properly speaking, a calf in the se- cond year. BULLS. The stems of hedge-thorns. Also, transverse bars of wood into which the heads of harrows are set. BULLS-AND-COWS. The flower of the arum maculatum. Var. ilial. BULL-SEG. A gelded bull. North. HULLS-EYES. A kind of coarse sweetmeat. BULL'S-FEATHER. To stick a buU's-feather in one's cap, to make him a cuckold. And this same huffing Ironside Stuck a bull' s-feat Iter in his cap. Cattm's n'urks, 1734, p 2.T4. BULL'S-FOREHEAD. The turfy air-grass. North. BULL'S-NECK. A grudge. Devon. BULL'S-NOON. Midnight. East. BULL'S-PINK. A chaffinch. North. BULL-STANG. A dragon-fly. North. Also, an upright stake in a hedge. BULL-STONE. A kind of sandstone. Yorksh. BULL-TROUT. A large species of trout, pecu- Uar to Northumberland. BULL-WEEK. The week before Christmas, in which the work-)ieople at Sheffield push their strength to the utmost, allowing themselves scarcely any rest, and earning more than usual to prepare for the rest and enjojTnent of Christmas. BULL-WORKS. Boisterous behaviour. West. BULLY. (1) A companion, a familiar term of address, as B'llly Jack, Bnlly Bob, &c., for- merly in very common u&e, and not quite ob- solete in the provinces, where butty is perhaps now more generally heard. Bully-Bottom, a term applied to a courtesan, and hence an equi- voque in Mids. Night's Dream, iii. 1, iv. 2, which has escaped the observation of the com- mentators. Cole has some remarks on this word in MS. .\diUt. 5852. p. 85. ''2) .-V parlour, or small room. East, (3) To boil. Arch. xxx. 405. BULLYNE. Tohoil. Prompt. Pan. BULLYNG. Swelling ; hubbhng. Hidoet. BULLY-ROCK. Explained by Miege, uufaiix t}rave. The term occurs in Shakespeare, and is also spelt bully-rook. BULSE. A bunch. North. BULT. (1) Budt; dwelt. ^2) A siftiug cloth. See Ord. and Regulations, p. 103. Also, to sift, Hai"tshorne's Met. Tales, p. -t 7. liultinyarke, the tub or chest in w liicli tlie operation of sifting was peifomied. liul- ter, a bag for fine meal, Ord and Reg. p. 70 bulte-pooke or bulstarre. Prompt. Parv. p. 55 BULTLE. Bran. North. BULVER. To increase in bulk. East. BULWARK. A rampart. BULWORKS. Part of the armour, used to pre- vent the thighs of the wearer from being chafed by the pieces that terminated just above the knee. Meyrick. BUJL (1) By my. West. (2) To strike ; to beat. North. (3) To spin a top. North. Also, to rush with a murmuring sound. Any humming noise is called a bum. Cf. Prompt. Parv. p. 55. (4) To dun. Var. dial. (5) A bum-bailifl". Var. dial. (6) A child's term for drink. See Huloet and Elyot, in v. Bua. Bummed, drunk, Piers Ploughman, p. 90. Coles explains bummed, tasted, desired. BUMB. The game of bandy. BUMBARD. Futuo. North. BUMBARREL. The long-tailed tit. BUMBASTE. To beat, or flog. East. BUMBETH. Sounds. Skinner. BUMBLE. (1) To muflile a beU. East. (2) To make a humming noise. (J.-S.) Hence bumble-bee, a humble bee, IJeaumont and Fletcher, iv. 72 ; bumbulation, a humming noise. (3) A small round stone. West. (4) A confused heap. North. (5) To start ofi' quickly. East. BUMBLE-BROTH. A curious term, occun-ing in Hawkins' Engl. Dram. iii. 139. The olde woman to her payne In such a bumhle-bi-oth had layne. The Vnlta'kig Firmentie. BUMBLE-FOOT. A thick heavy foot. East. BUMBLEKITES. Blackberries.' .\orfh. BUMBLE-PUPPY. The game of nine-holes. BUMBLER. A humble bee. .\orth. BUMBLES. (1) Rushes. Line. (2) A kind of blinkers. North. BUMBLE-ST.\FF. A thick stick. North. BUM-BOAT. \ boat attenfhng ships on their cominginto harbour,to retail greens, spirits, &c. BUMBY. (1) By andbye. Var. dial. (2) Any collection of stagnant filth. Also, a closet or hole for lumber. East. BUMBYNE. To hum. Prompt. Parv. BUMC.\RD. A card used by dishonest g;ame- sters. See Mehon's Sixe-Fold Politician, 1609, p. 16; Apollo Shroving, 1627, p. 82 ; Northbrooke's Treatise, 1577; Florio, ed. 1 6 1 1 , p. 442. To those exployts he ever stands prt-par'd ; A vitlaine excellent at a buT»-cfir. 595. (4) The inner circle of a wheel that encloses the axle-tree. Also, to sheflthe or enclose, as for example to renew the bush of a wheel, or to put in a new touch-hole to a gun. (5) To retreat from. South. (6) A kind of beard. " The bodkiu beard or the bush," LiUv's Endimion, ed. 1032, sig. C. xi. Bl'SHETING. Shooting out at the roots. Olouc. Tusser, p. Ill, has bitsliets, small shoots from bushes. liusket, Spenser, and Florio, in v. Cespiigtio. EUS 222 BUT BUSIILOCK. A tuft of bushes ? At nyyht Mr. Biinyster cauled me up to se a co- met, but yt was Venus with a great fjery haze lyke a buthluck about llir. US. Ahlit. 50(ili. BUSllMENT. An ambush. See Percy's Re- liques, p. 25 ; Skelton, i. 9 ; Langtoft, p. 2-12 ; Sir Degrevant, 1581, 1610; Robin Hood.i. 54. Also, a tliicket, as ia Ilolinsheil, Chron. Ire- land, p. 169. Whemie thay dime to the slake, The balde bttscf'erneitt br7. BUSMER. See Bismare. And lau;e us a basmer askoru. In gret sklandreusbrynge. .VS. 0.;(. Trin. Oxon. 57. BUSS. (1) A calf, irest. (2) To kiss. Var. dial. {'.'>) To butt, or strike with the head. Floiiohas, " Acceffdre, to busse or beake as a hog doth." (4) A large pitcher. Devon. BUSSARD. A great drinker. l.USSE. A kind of fishing-boat. {But.) See Langtoft, p. 149 ; Fairholt's Pageants, p. 40. BUSSED. Laid in ambush. " Bussed beside the flom," Langtoft, p. 187. BUSSES. Hoops for the top of a cart or wag- gon. North. BUSSOCK. A thick fat person. IVarir. BUST. (1) A tar mark on sheep. Nor!/i. Thi» may be the meaning of larre ioyste in Chester Plays, i. 121, 125, ahhough in the latter in- stance the Bodl. MS. reads tar-box. (2) Kissed. BUSTED. Burst. West. BUSTER. A loaf. Var. dial. BUSTIAN. A kind of coarse cloth, mentioned in Book of Rates, 1675, p. 29 ; Brit. Bibl. ii. 398 ; Harrison's Description of England, p. 1 63. It is perhaps the same SiS fustian. See Jamie- son, Supp. i. 165. BUSTOUS. See Boistous. BUSY. To be active. (^.-A^.) BUSY-GOOD. A meddling person. West. BUT. (1) A peculiar kind of conical basket used in the river Parret for catching salmon. (2) A cast ; a throw. (3) Contended ; struggled with each other. Havelok, 1916. (4) A flounder or plaice. North. " Butte fysshe, plye," Palsgrave, i. 22. See Harrison's De- scription of England, p. 224; Havelok, 759; Howard Household Books, p. 120. (iJut.) (5) Without ; unless. Nares has it, " otherwise than." Cf. Palsgrave, f. 466. (6) A piece of ground, portion of a garden, &c. Also, the thick or fleshy root of a plant, e. g. a potato or turnip, said to be large or small in the but. Hence the verb but, to grow or swell out. North. (7) \ shoemaker's knife. North. (8) A buttock of beef. West. (9) Any large vessel or cart. Devon. (10) Strong leather. North. (11) " But and ben," the outer an-l tuner apart- ment, where there are only two rooms. North. (12) A hassock. Devon. (13) A bee-hive. Exmoor. (14) Suddenly. Devon. (15) A kind of cap. North. (16) Rotigh ; ragged. North. (17) To exchange or barter. Craven. BUT-BOLT. The strong, imbarbed arrow used by the citizens in shooting at the butt. See Ford's Works, ii. 479. BUTCHE. To kill. North. BUTE. Help ; remedy. BUT-GAP. A hedge of pitched turf. Devm. BUTH. Be; are. (A.-S.) BUTLANDS. Waste ground. East. BUTLER. A housekeeper. North. Butlcr's- grace, without any ceremony. BUT-SHOT. The distance an arrow wiU fly. Lelandi Itin. iii. 31. BUTT. A boat. Tempest, i. 2. If butt, whicli is merely an old form of the word, is to be re- tained, it can only be in this sense. Botle, Chester Plays, i. 54. BUTT.\L. (1) A bittern. South. (2) .\ corner of ground. North, BUTTE N. To faU .' The knight donward gan btitttm, Amidwaid the hors gutten. ../'-t/iout-arK/ Jf«Wt,f,p.lgl BUZ 223 BYD P.UTTER-AND-EGOS. The daffodil, jreaf. IJUTTER-BOX. A Dutchman. This cant term is found in Miege. BUTTER-BUMP. A bitteni. North. BUTTER-DAISY. The white ox-eye. BUTTERED-ALE. Ale boiled with lump sugar, butter, and spice. Silop. BUTTER-FINGERED. SMppery. Var. dial. BUTTER-MIT. A small tub in which newly- made butter is washed. Il'esf. BUTTER-PRINT. A child. This cant term occurs twice in the plays of Beaumont and Fletcher. BUTTER-PUMPS. The ovary of the yellow water lilv. Dorset. BUTTER-SHAG. A slice of bread and butter. Nort/i. BUTTER-TEETH. The two middle incisors in front of the upper jaw. See Dodsley, i. 239. His two lower butter-ffath stryke up quytc throe his snowt as thoe they wer riveted. MS. Aitdit. .^fOOH. BUTTER-WHORE. A scold. " They scold like so many butter-whores or oyster-wouicn at Billinsgate," Howell, p. 20. BUTTERY-HATCH. A half-door between the butterj' or kitchen and the hall, in colleges and old mansions. Also called a buttery-bar. Twelfth Night, i. 3; Taylor's Workes, 1630, i. 113. There was a small lodging or bar on this hatch to rest the tankards on. BUTTILLARY. A buttery. BUTTING-IRON. An instrument used for peel- ing bark from trees. North. BUTTOCK. A common strumpet. BUTTON. (1) A small cake. East. (2) The chrysalis of an insect. West. (3) A bud. East. See Harrison's Description of England, p. 210, " three score leaves growing upon one button," qu. part of the stalk. (4) To shut up. Oxon. BUTTON-NAILS. Roundheaded nails. BUTTONS. Sheep's dung. Devon. His tail makes battons, i. e. he is in great fear, a phrase occurring in Florio, cd. 1611, pp. 209, 276; Y'orkshire Dialogue, 1697, p. 87. BUTTRICE. A farrier's tool used in shoeing horses to pare the hoofs. BUn'-SlI.\FT. A kind of arrow, used forshoot- ing at butts, formed without a barb, so as to stick into the butts, and yet to be easily ex- tracted. Nares. BUTTY. A companion or partner in any work. Var. dial. BUTURE. The bittern. Norlli. BUTYNE. Booty. Palsgrave, f. 313. BUYER. A gnat. North. BUVIDLY. Stout made. North. BUXOM. Obedient. {.I.-S.) And hence, meek, or humble. nUYHDI::. Bowed. Rob. Glouc. p. J75. BUZ. A report or rumour. BUZZ. To empty a bottle of wine in carousing ; to drink. BUZZARD. (1) A coward. (2) A moth that tlies by nii;ht. See the Craven Glossary. Nares wrongly explains it a beetle Buzze-flies, Florio, p. 69. BUZZO.M. Vcrv red. Devon. BWON. See li'oun. BY. (1) In. (A.-S.) " By the moiwe," in tl ,■ morning, or day-time. " By his life," in his lifetime. " By and by," exactly, distinctly, in order one after the other. See Toild' Gower and Chaucer, p. 325. For, Kyng Ali saunder, 3171. " By tlia," with that. Weber It constantly occurs in the sense oiof; to know nothing by a person, to know no ill of him, as in 1 Cor. iv. 4. (2) To abie. (.7.-5.) Schn s;iy(i, traytoure, thnu salle by: How was thou swa hardy, MS. Line. A. i. I7,f. 13.-i. (3) A bee. See Lydgate's Minor Poems, p. 88 ; Skelton's Works,' ii. 112. (4) A bracelet ; a collar. See Reliq. Antiq. i. 9, " dextrotirium, a bij of golde anornyng the ryghtarme;" Sir Degrevaut, 556. (5) To abide. See the True Tragedie of Richard III., p. 57, repr. Perhaps a misprint in the original for byd, which occurs in Torrent of Portugal, p. 44. (6) To buy. See Langtoft, p. 116 ; Rom. of tne Rose, 7159. (7) Be ; continue. Heame. (8) A by-place. Florio translates burella, " a by or darke corner." He apparently gives another meaning to it in v. Massiire, " to play or cast at the by, at hazard or gresco." (9) Besides. Norttiiimb. (10) The point or mark from which boys emit the mari)les or taws. Yorksh. BYAR. A cow-house. North. Douee, in his MS. pai)crs, calls the field near the bvai the byerleys. BYBBEY. A kind of herb. See Chester Plays, i. 119, wheie the Bodl. MS. reads tibbie. BY-BL(JW. A bastard. See J. Cleaveland Re- vived, 1600, p. 187; Howell, sect. 24 ; Beau- mont and Fletcher, vii. 185. I am doubtful as to the meaning of the word in the last instance. BY-CALLE. To accuse. (^J.-S.) Thanne as Syr Mador loudcste spake. The queue of tresoun to bi/.ciille, Comys Syr Launcelot du Lake Rydand ryght in thchnlte. MS. Hart. 0252, f. 105. BYCHSCIIOPE. A bishop. ISY-CLAGGEDE. Besmeared. (Jaw. BYCOKET. An ornament for the head. See a document dated 1513 in the jVrchreologin, xxvi. 398. BYDAGGED. Splashed. Weber. BYDANDE. Bearing? And ye, set liye, a thousande, nolde men and vit\c hi/ilande. MS. Canltth. V(. ii. M, f. I-'H. BYDDING. Abiding. Skinner. BYDE. Abode; dwelling. BYL 224 BYR BYDRYVEN. To commit evil. Carton. BYDWONGEN. Compelled ; forced. Caxton. BYE. A boy. Prompt. Pan. BYEBE. A'dwelling. Ash. BYE-BOOTIXGS. The finest kind of bran. North. BYED. " They byed on hym," MS. Cantab. K. ii. 38, f. 103. Perhaps an error for cryed. BYEN. Be. Table Book, p. 147. BYER. A shrine. This is apparently the mean- ing in Rob. Glouc. p. 248. See llearne's Glos- sary, in V. Byers, buyers, Hall, Henry VI. f. 10. BYERLAWS. The tow-nships of Ecclesall and Brightside are so called. The appellation was probably derived from the Byerlaw courts, formerly held there. See the Hallamshire Glossary, p. 17. BYET. Work not finished. North. BYETH. Be. {A.-S.) BY-FAR. Much. Var. dial. BYFFE. Beef. Prompt. Parv. BY-FOUNDE. Found out ; discovered. Hi^antc. BY-FRUITS. According to Kennett, MS. Lansd. 1033, " those wens or humid bubbles which insects raise upon vegetables, wherein they lodge their egge and produce their young, are call'd bii-fruits." BYGABBED. Deceived. Rob. Glouc. p. 458. BYGAGED. Mad ; bewitched. Exmoor. BYGATES. Spoil ; plunder. Weber. BYGET. Occasioned ; promised. Hearnc. BYGGERE. A buyer. MaundevUe. BY-GOLD. Tinsel. Cotgrave has, " Oi-pel, sil- ver and by-gold, a kind of leafe-tinne used in the silvering over of trifles for children." BYGORN. A gobUn. North. BYGY'NG. Beginning. Heame. BYHANGGID. Hanged up. Y shuU be byhanggid by ali right and reason. MS. Laud. 416, f. 61. BYHEFDED. Beheaded. Heame. BYHETER. A surety. Wiekliffe. BYHOREDE. Committed adultery against. For thou ha-te hiihwede my lorde, Thou salle hafe wonderynge in the worlde. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 120. BYHOVE. To advantage. Chaucer. BYHT. Beeth. Ritson. BY-JAPEN. To mock; to ridicule. {A.-S.) See Piers Ploughman, pp. 386, 453; and Bejape. BY-JEN. By St. John. North. BYKER. A beaker cup. Prompt. Parv. BYL.\CE. Caught ; beset. {A.-N.) BYLAND. A peninsula. This term seems to have been introduced by Harrison, Description of Britaine, p. 30. BYLAY. Belonged. " As to hym bylay" Rob. Glouc. p. 421. BY-LAYNE. Lain with. {A.-S.) SeeRitson's Songs, i. 67 ; Richard Coer de Lion, 1119. Heslepyd nevyr be hur syde. Nor hath hur not b!/-t"tjne. he Bone Florence of Rome, 1(*71. BY-LEMAN. A second lover or gallant. See Octovian, 119, 129. It was anciently believed that twins could not be the genuine ofl^spring of one man, a notion there alluded to. BYLEWYN. To remain ; to stay. {A.-S.) BYLIS. Boils ; ulcers. Wiekliffe. BYLLEN. To peck with the bill. Prompt. Parv. BYLLERNE. A kind of water-plant, translated by berula in the Prompt. Parv. p. 36. BVLLY'NE. To use a spade or mattock. Prompt. Parv. BY-LOU. Laughed at. Rob. Glouc. BYLUFFEDE. Beloved. BY-MATTERS. Irrelevant circumstances. See Harrison's Description of Britaine, p. 31. BYME. Skinner refers to Gower, ed. 1532, f. 38, for this word, which appeal's to be merely by me. MS. Bodl. 294 has the same reading. He was misled by the apparent necessity of the rhvme. See, however, the example quoted under Alkymistre; and gloss, to Urry's Chaucer, in v. Alouth. So wolle I noiijt that eny tyme Be loste of that thou hast do by me MS. Soc. Antiq. 134, f. 101. For deth cam so in haste bij me lire 1 hadde therto eny tyme. Gower. MS.Canlab.t.SD. BY-MOLEN. To spot ; to stain. {A.-S.) BYMOWE. To mock. Apol. Loll. BY.MYNSTER. To administer. In every thingeto his wille obeye. And bi/mynster unto his volume. Liidgate, MS. Soc. Jnli,j. 134, f. 14. BYN. Within. Ritson. BYNAME. To nick-name. BYNDE. The woodbine. Prompt. Pan. BYNDERES. Binders; robbers who bind. ffaveloi. BYNE. (1) Malt. Cambr. (2) A bin, a manger, according to Mr. Utterson, but more probably a corruption oi pyne. See S\T Trjamoure, 160. BYNNY. A kind of pepper. Cowell. BY-NOMEN. Taken away. {A.-S.) BY-NOW. A short time ago. West. BYNTE. Bound. He drynketh the wyn, but at laste The wyn drynketh him, and byntc him faste Gower, MS. Soc. Antu/. 134, f. 177- He taketh, he kepeth, he halte, he bynte. That lyjter is to fle the flynte. Ibid. {. 156. BYOFTHE. Behoof; profit. Rob. Glouc. BY'ON. A quinsy. North. BY-PAST. Past by. North. BY-PLOT. A small piece of ground in an out of the way place. These daies works are not imploied upon those waies that lead from market to marker, but ech surveior amendeth such by-plot^ and Lmesasseeme best for his owne commoditie, and more- i.'::sie passage unto bis fields .-tnd pastures. Harrisou^a Description t,f Britaine, P- lU. BYQUIDE. Bequest. Hys6ff quidtf in thysmanerehe made by vote hys deth. Hull. Gluuc. p. 3S1 BYRDE. Glossed " moste." CAA 225 CAB For sothe so hytn 6yrd«, For he was a merveylus hyrde. ItS.Harl.mi.t.V- BIDING. A burden? (^.-S.) It i* explained, " pla^ing, gamboling," Towneley Myst. p. 79. BYRDUNE. A burden. Prompt. Pan. BYRE. Tbe stump of a tree. North. ByREVY3THE. Bereavcth. See the Chron. Vilodun. p. 113. BYREYNYNGE. Burning. Ileame. BYRIDEN. Buried. WickUffe. BYTJKYN. Breaking. Towneley Myst. BY'RFjAKIN. a familiar diminutive of iy our Laili/, often introduced in old plays. BYRNSTON. Brimstone. Skelton. BY-ROiXNE. Run over. (A.-S.) He font! Rymenild slttynde. And wcl sore wipynde. So whyt so the Sonne, Mid terres al by-ronne. Kyng ffom^ 652. BYRYKE. To burv. Prompt. Parv. BYS. Be. IVeber.' BYSCHELLE. A bushel. Prompt. Pan. BYSCHYPRYCHE. A bishopric. Prompt. Parr. BYSCUTE. Biscuit. Prompt. Pan.: BYSMALOW. Theholyhock.aplant. See an old book of medical receipts, MS. Bodl. 591, ad fin. BY-SMOKEDE. Covered with smoke. (A.-S.) And thanne me thoghte the barelles brakkc, and thare smote owte swylkc a smoke, that it alle fc.v- smahede thame tliat was abowte. MS. Lincoln S.\. M.t.lH. BYSOM. Blind. {A.-S.) See Bisen. This form occurs in Rcliq. Antii). ii. 238, the burden of a hallad being, " for now the bysom ledys the hlynde." BY'SPY'NG. Confirmation. Another form of bishopping, q. v. Cotgrave says bisping is the vulgar mode of speaking the word, in v. Conjirmation. 3et wolle y makerelacion Of the confirmacion. That by Englysche menyng Ys called the bfjjfpynfj. MS. Graves 57. The same eosenape ynne alle thyng, Ya yn the childys byspyng. Ibid. BYSSI. Soon; readily? Sire, quod tbe stiwarde anoon, Al bysei schal 1 fyndc ooi). Wright's Seven Sagee, p. 54. BYSSINE. Fine silk, mckliffe. BYST. Pr.ayest. See Rob. Glouc. p. 337,vfhere tbe Heralds' College MS. reads bidilest. BYSTE. A temporary bed used by hop-driers and maltsters to rest on in the night, and at other times when tending their fires. Swuea: BY'SYLIERE. More busy ; more attentive. It is translated by attentius in ReUq. Antiq. i. 8. BYSYSCIIYPPE. Activity. Wast hast thou do oiXbytyschyj>pe, To love and to ladyschyppe. MS. Cantab. Ff. i. 6, f. 3 BYT. Bite. Ritson. BY'TACK. A farm taken in addition to another farm, and on which the tenant does not resiiic. Herefordsh. BY-TA"IL. The right handle of a plough. Var. dial. BYTE. (1) A morsel ; a bit. (A.-S.) (2) To cut, as a sword, or any instrument. See Tundale, p. 24 ; Eglamour, 491. Ther was no knyfe that wolde hym byte. MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 6>;. Gye, wyth hys owne hande, Defendyd hym with hys axe bytunde. Ibid. f. 189 Bot tliofe he rade never so faste, His nobillc spere on hym he braste, It wold nutt in hym bytt. US. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 14r. BYTH. (1) Is;shaUbe. (A.-S.) (2) Bite. Cov.Myst. BY-THE-WALLS. Unburied. East. BYTOC. Committed. Rob. Glouc. p. 183. BYTTE. A bottle ; a flagon. U'arw. BYTYLLE. A beetle. Prompt. Parv. BYUEDE. Bowed. Rob. Glouc. BYVONDE. Found ; contrived. Ifearne. BYVORE. Explained " Far off," by llearne, but it clearly means before in Rob. Glouc. p. 348. BY-WAKE. Watched over. Writ that nyjt that he was take. And with tourmentourea by-wake. MS.Mdit. 11307, r.W. BY-WASH. The outlet of water from a dam. North. BY-WAYT. To be patient. BY-WIPE. An indirect sarcasm. North. BYWOOPEN. Made senseless. Coles. It is explained " made of silk," in Cocker's English Dictionary, 1724. BYWORD. A proverb. {A.-S.) BYYN. To buy. Prompt. Pan. BYZANT. A besom. Dorset. BY3A11. A buyer. Apol.Loll. BYjING. Bujnng. Prompt. Parv. BY3T. A bend. Not " hollow, cavity," as ex- plained in Syr Gawayne. In the by^t of the liarmc also Ano5yr hys that mot be undo. Rellq. Antiq. I. IM. CA. (1) To drive. North. (2) A jackdaw. Junius. CAAl). Cold. North. CAAS. (1) Case. (//.-^^) And in suche c(i'i)i often tymes they be. That one may make them play with strnwestlire. MS. Raul, cm. (2) Chance. North. (3) Because. North. CAB. (1) A small number of persons secretly united in the performance of some under- taking. Sus,sex. (2) Anv sticky substance. Devon. CABB.\GE. The part of a deer's head wherein the horns are set. To cabbage, to grow to a bead, applied to the horns of a deer. See Myl Huckes Testament, p. 5 j Skelton, ii. 3i0; Howell, sect. lit. 15 CAD 226 CAI CABBY. Sticky ; clammy. Devon. CASES. A cabbage. " Brassica capita/a, cole cades," Elyot. Cabbishes, Middleton, v. 35, and var. dial. CABLE-HATBAND. A fashion introduced about 1599, being a twisted cord of gold, sil- ver, or silk, worn round the hat. CABLISH. Brushwood. Law term. CABOB. A leg of mutton, stuifed -nith white herrings and sweet herbs. CABOBBLE. To confuse or puzzle. East. CABOCHE. To bend. (A.-X.) Tliere nedeth no more but to cabovhe his heeii, alle the over jawes stylle thereon, and the labclles f ors.i y 'J . lis. Bitdl. 546. CABRIOLES. A ladv's head-dress. CABRITO. A kid. (Span.) CABULATOR. Saltpetre. Howell. CACCHEN. To catch ; to take. (.l.-S.) CACHE. (1) Togo. (2) To couch or lay down. Skelton. CACHERE. A hunter. {.i.-X.) CACHERELE. A catchpole. CACHET. Gone. CACK. Alvuin e.\onerare. lar.dial. Cackabed, a term of contempt, Florio, in v. Gudzza letto ; Hawkins, iii. 63. CACKLE. To babble. Var. dial. CACKLING-CHEAT. A cock or capon. A caut term, found in Dekker's Belman of London, 1616 ; Earle's Microc. p. 254. CACKMAG. Chatter ; idle talk. East. CACORNE. The windpipe. Deeon. CAD. A very small pig. East. CADAR. A light frame of wood put over a scythe to preserve and lay the corn more even in the swathe. Staff. CADATORS. Beggars who make circuits round the kingdom, assuming the characters of de- cayed gentlemen. CADDEL. Cow parsnip. Devon. CADDIS. Worsted, or worsted ribbon. " Caddas, or cruel ribbon," Book of Rates, 1675, p. 293. The di-esses of servants were often ornamented with it. There seems to have been a kind of woollen stuff' so called. Palsgrave has, " caddas or crule, sayette." (f. 22.) This was used for stuffing dresses. See the Prompt. Parv. p. 57. C ADDLE. (1) A dispute, noise, contention, con- fusion. Var. dial. (2) To coax; to spoil. Xortli. (3) To tease, or annoy. J]'est. (4) To scold; to hurry; to attend officiously. West. (5) To squander money. Want'. C.VDDOW. A jackdaw. East. " Xodiilus is also for a caddow or dawe," Withals, ed. 1608, p. 87. ' • I saw a daw, a knot which roundly knat ; Such a dawe I never saw but that." CADDY. (1) A ghost or bugbear, \orth. (2) The caddis-worm, or grub of the May-fly. Devon. (3) Well ; strong ; hearty ; in good spirits. Korth. CADE. (1) A barrel containing six hundred her- rings was called a cade of herrings. In Kent a cade of beef is any parcel or quantity of pieces under a whole quarter. See Kennett, p. 36 ; Ord. and Reg. 102; Prompt. Parv. pp. 57, 299. A small cask was also termed a cade ; Florio, in v. ISnijnola. " Cadel of musculs to potage," Ord. and Reg. p. 445. (2) Testis. North. Telle schul wives tuelve, 3if ani child may be made Wlthouten knoweing of mannes i-'nde. .-irthoHr and Merlin, p. 30. CADE-LAMB. A house-lamb. Nortli. Hence applied to a pet child. CADENT. Falhng. Stiak. CADER. A small frame of wood on which the fisherman keeps his hue. South. CADESSE. A jackdaw. See Cotgrave, in v. Chouchette ; Ilollyband, in v. Chouca; Marlowe, iii. 534; Withals, ed. 1608, p. 23. CADEW. The straw-worm. CADGE. (1) A circular piece of wood, on which hawks are carried when exposed for sale. (2) To carry. Korth. (3) To bind or tie. Thoresby says, " a term in making bone-lace." Palsgrave has, " I cadge a garment, I set lystes in the lynyng to kepe the plyghtes in order." (4) To stuff, to fill, generally at another's ex- pense. Sorth. Hence cadge-bellv, a full fat beUy. CADGER. A packman or itinerant huckster. Var. dial. Accorihng to Kennett, p. 36, " a cadger is a butcher, miller, or carrier of any other load." CADGY. Merry ; cheerful. North. CADLIXG. False ; insincere. West. CADLOCK. The rough cadlock is the wild mustard, and the smooth cadlock is the wilil rape. North. CAD.MA. The least pig of the Utter. Wu-.dial. CADNAT. A canopy. CADOCK. A bludgeon. Somerset. CADUKE. Crazy; frail. {Lat.) See Hall, Edward IV. f. 59 ; Dial. Great. Moral, p. 154. CADY. Foolish ; addled. Salop. CECITY. Bbndncss. ilieije. CAFART. A hvpocrite. (fr.) CAFF. (1) Chaff. North. See Apol. LoU.p. 54. {Belg.) (2) To cavil or run off a bargain ; to abandon anytliing. Craien. CAFF.A. Some kind of rich stuff', perhaps tatt'ata. CAFFLE. To cavil. North. CAFT. Intimidated. Yorksh. CAG. A stump. West. CAGED. Imprisoned ; confined. North. CAGEL. To harrow ground. North. CAGMAG. (1) Properly an old goose, but ap- plied to coarse bad food of any kind. There is a small inferior breed of sheep called cay mags. (2) To quarrel. Wore. C.AIE. A quay, .\linsheu. CAL 227 CAL CAILES. Nine-pins. Minsheu. " Caylys, car- (Ivng, and haserdy," Keliq. Antiq. ii. 224. rAl'NED. iMothcry. North. t'AINGEL. A crabbed fellow. North. Caingy, peerisb, illiempered. CAIRD. A tinker. Northumb. CAIRT. A diart. Brit. Hibl. ii. 143. CAISAR. A king, or emix-ror. (^.-A^.) CAITCIIE. The game of tennis, as appears from a passage ipioted in tbo Brit. Bibl. i. 135. Jamieson gives another example, but seems in doubt as to the meaning of the term. CAITIF. A wretch. (^.-A'.) In the pro- vinces a cripple is so called. An adjective in Hall's Satires, iv. 2, base, servile. CAITIFTEE. Captivit)'. U'ickliffe. CAKE. (1) To cackle. North. (2) A foolish fellow. Var. dial. CAKE-BREAD. A roll or manchet. See Ben Jonson, iv. 512 ; Hawkins' Engl. Dram, ii. 262. CAKE-CREEL. A rack at the top of a kitchen to dry oat-cakes. North. CAKE-NIGHT. The eve of All Saints, so called at Ripon in Yorkshire, at which time a cake is made for everj- member of the family. CAKERED. Bound with iron. North. CAKE-SPRITTLE. A thin board of about the same dimensions with the bake-stone, used for turning the oat-cakes while over the oven. Yorhsh. CAKO. Some kind of mineral, mentioned by Forman in MS. Ashmole 208, f. 78. CALABASS. A small kind of gun, alluded to by Boiurne, in his Inventions or Devises, 1578. CALABER. A kind of fur. See Brit. Bibl. ii. 401 i Strutt, ii. 102 ; Cov. Myst. p. 242. CALABS. Steel. CALAMANCE. Perhaps for calamanco, a kind of woollen stuff, in Lilly's Midas. Fustian is mentioned iinTiiediately afterwards, appUed to language in a similar manner ; and as the sur- face of calamanco shines somewhat like satin, our reading does not seem to be improbable. CALAXDER. A kind of lark. See Howell, sect. 39 ; Sex Linguarum Dictionarius, 8vo. Nur. 1549. This seems to have been cor- rupted into canial. CALANCi V. To challenge. Rob. Glouc. p. 451. CALASSES. Alms-houses. Grose. CALCAK. An astrologer. To calke, or calkill, to cast a figure or nativity. Sec Ritson's Fairies, p. 45; Bale's Kynge Johan, p. 71 ; Prompt. Parv. p. 58; Triall of Mens Witts, 1004, p. 183. CALCOCOS. Brass. Hoirell. CALCULE. To calculate. (,/.-iV.) See Chaucer, Cant. T. 11596; Troilus and Crescide, iv. 1398. CALDAR. Tin. HoweU. CALDE. Called. CALDESE. To cheat, or deceive, especially by fortune-telling. Jiutter. CALE. (1) A turn. North. (2) To throw ; to move irregularly ; to gambol. East. (3) Pottage. " No man can make of ill acates good cale,'^ Cotgrave, in v. Viande. (4) Aubrey, MS. Nat. Hist. Wilts, p. 291, says that cale is a Dorsetshire term for colewort. Cakstoke is mentioned in a receipt in MS. Med. Line. f. 297. Cf. Prompt. Parv. p. 58 ; Skelton, ii. 38. CALEEVEU. To gambol. North. CALENDER. To smooth woollen cloths,and give them a gloss. CALENTURE. A hot fever. See London Prod: - gal, p. 129 ; Hall's Poems, p. 57. CALEWEIS. A kind of pear. (^.-A".) CALF-LICK. A tuft on the forehead which can- not be made to lie in the same (Urection with the rest of the hair. North. CALF-STAGES. Places for holding calves. Glouc. CALF-TRUNDLE. Theentrailsof acalf. Figura- tively applied to the ruffle of a shirt, or floimces of a gown. CALF-YARD. The dwelling-place of our infancy. North. CALIMANCO-CAT. A tortoise-shell cat. Norf. CALIS. A chalice. (A.-S.) See Rob. Glouc. p. 489 ; Havelok, 187 ; St. Brandan, p. 14. CALIVER. A large pistol or bluiuierbuss. See Ben Jonson, iii. 452; Florio, in v. Colibro ; Marlowe, iii. 256; Brit. Bibl. i. 135. C.\LKINS. The parts of a horse-shoe which are turned up and sharpened to prevent sUpping. North. See Kennett, p. 36 ; Florio, in v. Rampone, " a calkin in a horses shooe to keepe him from sUding." Cawkons, Reliq. Antiq. i. 83. CALL. (1) To abuse or scold. North (2) Occasion ; necessity. Var. dial. (3) The outlet of water from a dam. North. (4) When hounds are first cast off, and find game, they are said to call on. (5) To proclaim, or give notice by the public crier. Var. dial. GALLANT. A lad, or stripling. North. CALLARDS. Leaves and shoots of cabbages /. Wight. CALL-BACK. A wear or dam. North. C.\LLE. (1) A species of rap, or network worn on the head. It is the plossof reticulum, in MS. Arund. 249, f. 88, which Elyot translates, " a coyfe or call, which men or women used to weare on theyr heades." Cf. Troilus ani Creseide, iii. 776 ; Wright's Pol. Songs, p. 158; MS. Ilarl. 2257, f. 154; Dent's Pathway, p. 46; Reliq. Antiq. i. 41 ; Isaiah, iii. 18. Mnyilyiis vct caltia of silk ami of thred, And damscUla kcrchevls pynnW upiion ihcr hod. MS. Ijiud. 416, f. M. (2) To invite. Perceval, 941. CALLED-HOME. Asked in the church. CiVLLER. (1) Cool; fresh. North. (2) To caper ; to jump. /. Wiyht. CALLET. A scold ; a drab. Often a term of the greatest contempt. It is still in use, and if CAM 228 CAM found both as a substantive and a verb. Cal- leting housewife, a regular confirmed scold. CALLIERD. A hard stone. North. C.-VLLING. An appellation. Shak. CALLING-BAND. A leadiug-string. North. C.\LLOT. A kind of skull-cap, or any plain coif. Nares. CALL-OVER. To pubhsh the banns of marriage. Somerset. CALLOW. (1) Smooth; bald; bare; unfledged. It ia explained implumis in Junius, and in Upton's MS. additions. East. (2) The stratum of vegetable earth King above gravel, sand, limestone, &c. vvliich must be removed in order to reach them. East. C.-VLLS. Pieces of tape. North. See Cunning- ham's Revels .Accounts, p. 7. CALLYMOOCHER. A term of reproach. See Middleton, i. 174. It is probably connected with micher. CALLYVAN. A pjTamidal trap for catching birds. Somerset. C.\LM. Scum of liquor. East. C.\LMES. The cogs of a wheel. North. Appa- rently the frames of a window in Harrison's Description of England, p. 187. CALMEWE. A kind of sea bird. See Harts- home's Met. Tales, p. 133; caldmawe, Lyd- gate's Minor Poems, p. 202. C.VLMY. Mothery. East. C.\LSEY. A pavement, or causeway. Huhef. CALSONS. Close Unen trousers for men. See Howell, Sect, xxxiii. CALTROP. An instrument with four spikes, so contrived that one of the spikes always stands upwards, no matter in what direction it is thrown. SeeFlorio, in v. 1 ribolo ; \tc\\. xxi. 51, xxii. 386 ; Middleton, iv. 623 ; HoHushed, Hist. Engl. p. 33, Hist. Ireland, p. 89; Stanihurst's Description of Ireland, p. 57 ; Cotgrave, in v. Chaussetrape. Hall, Henry V. f. 16, says the caltrop was introduced after the year 1415, but iu this he seems to be mis- taken. Howell says it was used in hunting the wolf. There was also a kind of thistle so called. CALUZ. Bald. Weher. C.YLVERED-SALMON. Salmon prepared in a pecubai' manner, frequently mentioned in early authors. Palsgi-ave has, " calver of samon, esctime de sautmoii." Cf. Ben Jonson, iv. 57 i Rutland Papers, p. 84 ; Ordinances and Regulations, pp. 175, 225, 469 ; Forme of Cury, p. 49. It was prepared when quite fresh, and hence the term seems occasionally to be applied to fresh salmon. CALVEREN. Calves. of thi catvei-en on this wyse Bi tlrantis hondis oftrld here. MS. Dtgby 18. CALVES-HENGE. A calfs pluck. Somerset. Calves-mugget, a pie made of the entrails of calves. See ,\rch. xiii. 370. CALYON. A stone or flint. Palsijrave. CAM. (1) A ridge, orola earthen mound. Also, a camp. North. See the State Papers, i. 886. (2) Awry. North. A person who treads down the shoe heel is said to cam. (3) A comb. Cumb. CAMACA. A kind of silk or rich cloth. Cur- tains were often made of this material. See the Squyr of Lowe Degre, 835 ; Test. Vetust. p. 14 ; Cov. Myst. p. 163. Camoca, misspelt camora, Test. Vetust. p. 12. CAM.\IL. A camel. {A.-N.) A neckguard, ac- cording to Planche, p. 123, was also so called. It was sometimes made of camel's hair. The thickest part of the armour near the neck was called the carnal or camail. CAMALYON. The camel-leopard. See Sii Ferumbras, ap. Ellis, ii. 372. CAMARADE. A comrade. Miege. CAMBER. (1) A harbour. Sout/i. (2) Cambria ; Wales. Warner. C.\MBER-XOSE. An aquiline nose. Jimius. GAMBLE. To prate saucily. Yorish. CAMBRIL. The hock of an animal. Derbysh. Drajlon has the word, imperfectly explained by Nares ; and it occurs iu Topsell's Beasts, p. 408, where the meaning is clearly deve- loped. Blount has, " cambren, a crooked stick, with notches on it, which butchers use to hang sheep or calves on, when they dress them." Glossographia, ed. 1681, p. 102. CAMBUCK. (1) The (ky stalks of dead plants, as of hemlock. East. (2) A game at ball, played with a crooked stick, mentioned in Stowe's Survey, ed. 1720, i. 251. CAMBURE. Hooked. CAMED. Covered. Noi-th. CAMELINE. A stutT made of camel's hair. {A.-N.) See Rom. of the Rose, 7367. The cloth was ryche and ryjt fyn. The chaumpe it was of red cameh/n. MS.AdJil. 11307, f. 97. CAMELYNE. A kind of sauce. See Pegge's Forme of Cury, p. 66. CAMERARD. A comrade. Greene. CAMER.\TED. Arched or roofed. C.iMERIKE. Cambrick. See Strutt, ii. 241 ; Arch. ix. 251 ; Brit. Bibl. ii. 399. CAMET. Silver. Howell. CAMIL. Chamomile. Somerset. CAMIS. A light, loose dress or robe, of silk or other material. Camisado is a similar article of dress. " To give a camisado, viz. to wear a white shirt over their amies, that they may know one another in the dark," Howell, sect. 5. Hence an attack was called a cami- sado ; Holinshed, Hist. Engl. pp. 8, 49, 155 ; Cotgrave, in v. Diane. CAMLE. A camelion. Maundetile. C.\MMED. Crooked. Also, cross, illnatiu-ed. North. CAMMEDE. Short nosed. See Reliq. Antiq. i. 240; Prompt. Parv. p. 59. CAMMICK. The plant restharrow. Dorset. See Piers Ploughman, p. 414. CAMMISH. Awkward ; clumsy. South. CAMMOCK. A crooked tree or beam ; timber CAN 229 CAN prepared for the knee of a sliip. " As crooked as a cammocke," Mother Bombie. Though the cammodt the more it is bowed the better it is, yet the bow, the more it is bent and oc- cupied, the wealier it waxelh. Lilly's Eupliuet. CAMNYS. Jambs, or leg-coverings. CAMOISE. Crooked; flat. (.-/.-A'.) Also spelt camme, Chaucer, Cant. T. 3932, 39/2. The word is generally applied to a nose. CAMOOCH. A term of contempt. See Middle- ton's Works, i. 239. It would seem to have some connexion with camoccia, the rupicaijrr, or wild goat. CAMOROCHE. The wild tansy. CAMP, fl) An ancient athletic game of ball, formerly in vogue in the Eastern counties. Villages used to be matched against each other in this amusement, and there was so mucli rivalrj-, that the terra came to be generally applied to contend in anything. Campyng, Reynard the Foxe, p. 142. Lvdgate, Minor Poems, p. 200, compares the breast of a wo- man to " a large campyng balle." In Prompt. Pan-, p. 60, occurs, " camptir, or plevar at foottballe, peililusor." Can]p-ball is also mentioned in the old comedy of the Blind Beggar of Bcthnal Green, quoted by Strutt, p. 101. ' Get campers a ball. To ram/i therenithall. TuMer, p. 56. (2; To talk of anything. Lane. (3) A hoard of potatoes, turnips, &c. ^^orth CAMPABLE. Able to do. ^'orl^l. CAMPANE. Consisting of fields. " Cainpane bedde," Brit. Bibl. ii. 143. Topsell, Hist. Beasts, p. 2G8, mentions " the camjiestriall m fielde-hare." CAMPERKNOWS. Ale-pottage, made with sugar, spices, &c. Grose. CAMPESON. A stuffed doublet, worn under the armour; the gamhison. CAMPLE. To talk, contend, or argue. North. Spelt also campo, and camdle. CAMPLETES. A kind of wine, mentioned in a curious list in MS. Rawl. C. 86 CAMSTEERIE. Crazv. Northumb. CAM USE. See Camohe. CAN. (1) A milk-pail. Yorish. (2) Knows. (A.-S.) The present tense from eanne, to know. (3) To he able. It is ver>^ common both in this sense and the last in nur rarly writers, and is used in a variety of ways bv the Elizabethan writers. Giftord and Dyce have confused the two meanings. (4) Began to. Spenser. It is used as an auxilian- before verbs in the infinitive mood to express a past tense, gloss, to Svr. Gawavne. See Kobin Hood, ii, 81 ; I'tterson.i. 106'. When the lady rat) awake, A dylfulle gronyng can schc make. CANAB\E. A canopy. CANACIN. The plague. ISailnj CANAKIN. A small drinking-cup. CANAPE. A canopy, Rutland Papers, p. 10. CANARIES. A quick and lively dance. The persons who danced it sometimes used casta- nets. A complete account of the dance is given in Donee's Illustrations, i. 221. See Fairholt's Pageants, ii. 173; Middleton, iii. 39, iv. 174 ; Du Bartas, p. 516 ; Klorio, in v. Castagnette. CANARY. (1) A kind of sweet wine, very much used in this country in the earlier part"of the seventeenth centurj-. The term is still in use for a glass of spirits, which may hence have its origin. (2) A sovereign, for. dial. (3) A kept mistress. Norlli. CAN-BOTTI.E. The long-tailed titmouse. Salop. CANCARDE. Cankered ; corrupt. " Cancarde lUssimulacyon," Hall, Honr)- IV. f. 5. Shake- speare uses the word in this sense. Also, ill- natured, peevish. Cankardly, Robin Hood, i. 99. CANCELIER. In falconrv, iswhenalight flown hawk, in her stooping, turns two or three times upon the wing to recover herself before she seizes. CANCII. A small quantity of corn in the straw put into the corner of a barn ; a short turn or spell at an)1hing; a trench, cut sloping to a very narrow bottom ; a certain breadth in dig- ging or treading land, or in tuniing over a dung-hill. East. CANCRO. A kind of imprecation. {Ital.) CANDLE. The pupil of the eye. We.it. CANDLE-BARK. A round cylindrical box, used for holding candles. North. Also called a candle-case. CANDLE-BEAM. Huloethas, " candle-beame. suche as hangeth in gentlemens halles, with sockettes, to set caudels upon, lacunar." Abcedarium, 1552. CANDLE-CAP. An old hat without a brim, with a candle in front ; chieflv used by butch- ers. North. CANDLEN. Candles. Hoi. Glotic. CANDLESIIEARS. Snuffers. CANDLE-MASTERS. A contemptuous appel- lation for hard students. CANDLING. A supper given in some parts of the country by landlords of ale-houses to their customers on the eve of Candlcmas-day. CANE. A small animal of the weasel kind. Irtr. /liat. CANED. Mothery. Yorkshire. CANEL. (1) A channel. (A.-N.) In Somersetshire the faucet of a barrel is so called. Canel-rakers, Cocke Lorclles Bote, p. 10. (2) Cinnamon. {yJ.-N.) See Rom. of the Rose, 1370; Cocaygne, 75; Reliq. Antiq. i. 301; Kyng Alisaundcr, 6794 ; Wright's Purgatory, p. 55 ; Promjit. Parv. pp. 22, 60. CANELIS. Lots. Apol. Loll. p. 03. CANE-TOBACCO. Tobacco made up in a pe- culiar form, highly esteemed, and dear. Narrs CAXGE. To whine. jXorth. CANIFFLE. To dissemble ; to flatter. Devon. CANIONS. Knllsnt the bottom of the brccche* CAN 230 CAP just below the knee. They were sometimes indented like a screw ; the common ones were . caljed straight canions. See Planche, p. 266 ; Strutt,ii. i48; Webster, iii. 165 ; Middleton, iii. 573. " Subligar, a paire of breeches with- out caimions" Welde's Janiia Lin^uarum, 1615. C.\NK. (1) To talk of anything ; to cackle. Var. diat, (2) To persevere ; to overcome ; to conquer ; to continue. Wilts. (3) Dumb. Yoi-ish. CANKEDORT. A woful case .' Chaucer. CANKER. (1) The common red field-poppy. East. Also called canker-rose. (2) The dog-rose. Var. dial (3) A toadstool. West. (4) Rust. Var. dial. (5) A caterpillar. South. CANKERFRET. Copperas. Also a sore or blister in the mouth. East. CANKERWEED. The ragwort. Var. dial. CANKING. Whining ; dissatisfied. Derbysh. CANLE. A eanfUe. Craven. CANNEL-BONE. The collar-bone. Also called the channel-bone. See theNomenclator, p.30; Hawkins' Eugl. Dram. ii. 215 j Robson's Met. Rom. p. 19. CANNINESS. Caution; good conduct; care- fulness. North. CANNING. Tying a can to a dog's tail, an amusement still practised, and alluded to in the Janua Linguarum, 1615. C.\NNY. Pretty ; good; neat. North. It is used generally in a sense of commendation. Canuy-liiuny, a sly person. CANON. A portion of a deceased man's goods exacted by the priest. See the State Papers, ii. 512. CANONS. The first feathers of a hawk after she has mewed. CANSEY. .\ causeway. See Marshall's Rural Economy of Norfolk, ii. 377. CANSH. A small mow of corn. Also, a small pile of faggots, &c. East. CANST. Knowest. (.-t.-S.) CANSTICK. A candlestick. This is a genuine -irchaism, improperly altered by some of the editors of Shakespeare. See Wright's Monas- tic Letters, p. 26 ; Cunningham's Revels Ac- counts, p. 65 ; Ritson on Fairies, p. 45. CANT. (1) Strong ; hearty ; lusty. Also, to re- cover or mend. North. " Cant and kene," Mmot, p. 30 ; Langtoft, p. 50. (2) To throw ; to upset. Kent. (3) An auction. North. (4) To let fall. Susse.r. (5) The corner of a field. Any corner or niche is also so callcil, and in Hampshire a small bundle of hfv is termed a cant. (6) To backbite. Herrfordsh. Also, to whine or play the hypocrite. (7) To set upon edge. East. (S) A company, or crowd. North. \9) A canter, or vagabond. (10 To divide. Tusser, p. 278. CANTABANQUI. Ballad-singers. (Ifal.) CANTANKEROUS. Contentious. Var. dial. CANT-DOG. A handspike with a hook. North. CANTED. Polygonal, applied to the portions of a building. CANTELING. A stake or pole. North. CANTER. A vagabond ; one who speaks the cant language. Spelt cantler by Florio, in v. Birrone. CANTERBURY. A canter, or short gallop. Holme mentions the Canterbury rate of a horse, in his Academy of Armorv, 1688. CANT-HOOKS. The fingers. North. CANTING-CALLER. An auctioneer. North. CANTLE. (1) A corner or angle ; a small piece or portion of anvthing. (A.-S.) See Chaucer, Cant. T. 3010;' Morte Arthur, i. 25; MS. Morte Arthure, f. 97 ; Cotgrave, in v. Eschan- teler; Middleton, v. 209 ; Turnanient of Tot- tenbam, xiii. ; Drayton's Poems, p. 58. Keu- nett, p. 38, says that it means " any indefinite number or dimension." And a caiitell of hys schyUlr, Flewe fro hym ynto the fyl.le. MS. Caritai. Ff. ii. 38, f. 123. (2) The head. Northumb. (3) The leg of an animal. North. CANTLE-PIECE. That part of the end of a cask into which the tap is driven. Northumb. CANTLY. Strongly. Minot, p. 20. CANTON. (1) To notch. Florio. (2) A canto. Shak. CANT-RAIL. A triangular rail. East. CANTRAP. A magic spell. North. CANTRED. A district, similar to the hmidred, although its dimensions have been variously estimated. See Hobnshed, Hist. Ireland, p. 4. CANTSPAR. Afire-pole. CANTY. Merry ; cheerful. North. CANVAS.VDO. Some kind of stroke in fencing. See Locrine. p. 19 ; Troubles of Queene Eliza- beth, 1639, sig. D. iv. C.\P. (1) To complete; to finish; to overcome in argument ; to excel ; to puzzle any one. Also, a challenge to competition. Var. dial. (2) To arrest. (3) A master or head. Cinnb. (4) To mend shoes at the toe. (5) A piece of iron which covers the end of the axle-tree. See Florio, in v. Chiappenme. (6) A shepherd's dog. /. Wight. (7) The cap of a flail is the band of leather or wood through which the middle-band passes loosely. There is one cap at the end of the hand-staff, generally made of wood, and an- otlicr at the end of the swingel, made of leather. The term is at least as old as the fifteenth century, being found in the Prompt. Pan-, p. 61, but it has escaped the notice of the provincial glossarists. CAPABLE. Comprehensive. Shak. CAPADOS. A hood. (A.-N.) Captyhowse oc curs in the same sense in MS. Arund. 249, f. 88. CAP 231 CAR CAP-CASE. A small travelling case, or band- box, yares. CAPE. The coping of a wall. Xorth. CAPE-CLOAK. A Spanish cloak. CAPEL. The horn joint which connects the two parts of a flail. Devon. CAPELLINE. A skull-cap of steel. CAPER-COUSINS. Great friends. Lane. CAPERDEWSIE. The stocks. Butler. CAPERIKIS. A kind of wine, mentioned in a curious list in MS. Rawl. C. 86. CAPERLASH. Abusive language. North. CAPER-PLANT. A common garden weed. CAPES. Ears of com broken off in thrashing. North. CAPUA. A kind of damask cloth. CAPILO.ME. In a contest in a harvest field means the circumstance of one set of reapers being so far in advance of the other as to be out of sight by the intervention of a hill or rise. North. CAPIROTADE. Stewed mince-meat. Howell, sect, xliii. According to Minsheu, " a stewed meat compounded of veale, capon, chicken, or partridge minced, and laid upon severall beds of cheese." CAPISTEN. The capstan. Arch. xi. I6C. CAPITAINE. A captain. {J.-N.) Capitay- nate, lordship, captainship, Dr. Dee's Diary, p 43. CAPITLE. A chapter or simimary. (Lat.) Ca- pitulated, enumerated, TopseU's History of Serpents, p. 13. CAPLING. The cap of a flail. CAP-MONEY. Money gathered for the hunts- man at the death of the fox, a custom nearly obsolete. CAPO. A working horse ; a capul, q. v. CAPOCCHIA. A fool ; an innocent. {Ital.) CAP-OF-MAINTENANCE. A cap of a pecuHar form carried before the mayor of a town on state occasions. CAPON. (1) A letter. Shak. (2) A red-herring. Kent. CAPON-BELL. The passing-bell. Dekker. CAPONET. A small capon. CAPON-OF-GREASE. A fat capon. Trans- lated altilvi capus bv Iluloet, 1552. CAPON'S-FEATHEU'. The herb columbine. CAPOUCH. A hood. " Attired in a ca/iouch of written parchment," Pierce Penniless, p. 14. CAPPADOCIllO. A cant term for a prison. Kcnnctt, MS. Lansd. 1033, mentions a room in a prison called the cappan-carl. CAP-PAPER. A coarse sort of brownish pajjcr. See the Nomenclator, p. 6 ; Men Miracles, 1656, p. 42. CAPPE. A cope. Pr. Pare. CAPPEL. To mend or top shoes. Craven. CAPPER. (1) One who excels. North. (2) To chop the hands. Eaiit. Also, to coagu- late, to wrinkle. (3) A cap-maker. See the Chester Plays, i. -1 ; Minsheu and Miege, in v. I C.\PPY-HOLE. A kind of game, mentioned in Brand's Pop. Antiq. ii. 243. CAPRICIO. A caprice. Shak. CAPRIFOLE. The honeysuckle. Spenser. CAPRIOLE. A lady's head-dress. CAFRYCK. A kind of wine. Bale's Kynge Johan, p. 81 ; caprike, Harrison, p. 167.' CAPS. (1) All sorts of fungi. East. (2) Hoodsheaves of corn-shocks. North. Also called capsheaves. CAP-SCREED. The border of a cap. North. CAPSIZE. To move a hogshead or other vessel forward by turning it alternately on (beheads. Somerset. CAPTAIN. Chief; more excellent. Sfiak. CAPTIF. Captive. {.-i.-N.) Captivate in the same sense in Hawkins, ii. 252 ; to take cap- tive, Florio, in v. Coptivdre. CAPUCCIO. A hood. Spenser. Capachin was used in the same sense during the last century. CAPUL. A horse. North. Also spelt capel, caple. capyll, &c. See Piers Ploughman, pp. 37, 66, 354, 415, 416; Elyot, in v. Vaiallus, " an horse, yet in some part of England they dooe call an horse a caple ;" Chaucer, Cant. T. 17013 ; Utterson, i. 94 ; capons. Sir John Old- castle, p. 63. There are some curious obser- vations on the word in Staniluirst's Descrip- tion of Ireland, p. 12. .\ domestic hen is also called a capul, as in the Feest, ix. C.\R. (1) A wood or grove on a moist soil, gene- rally of alders. A remarkable floating island, nearly covered with willows, and called the Car, is mentioned in the Diversions of Purlcy, p. 443. Any hollow place or marsh is also termed a car. (2) A rock. {A.-S.) (3) To carry. South. (4) A cart. " North. (5) A gutter. Line. CARABINS. A sort of light cavalry- from Spain, first mentioned about the year 1559. They were perhaps so called from their carabines', or muskets. C.iRACOL. The half turn which a horseman makes OTi either side. CARACTES. Characters. (./.-A'.) See Piers Ploughman, pp. 233, 234 ; Plancla's Costume, p. 24 7. Caractered, Anc. Poet. T. p. 69. Ca- rectis, Lydgatc's Minor Poems, p. 85. Touchingc ihose br^ison mouldos for famctft of Ihf plaDiietcs, yf youc linvc them, anil en icll howe to use them, youc have a goot! thinge. MS. ylahnwir 240. C.\RAGE. Measure ; quality. (.-J.-N.) CAR.XING. A carcase. " A viler caraing nis ther non," Wright's Pol. Songs, p. 203. Ca- ravne, Kyng Alisaunder, 6469, carrion. CARAVEL. Alight small ship. CAR.WVAYES. Palsgrave has, " carawayes, small confettes, draggee." These comfits \vire made with caraway seeds, and, odd as it may may now apjjcar, eaten with fruit for promot- ing eructation. Caraways are still consider, d carminative. Il is melancholy to peruse the CAR 232 CAR blundering of the commentators on thfs word in 2 Henry IV. v. 3. Our ancestors did not eat tlic seeds by themselves as a part of their desserts or banquets ; caraioays there mean caraway comfits. CARBERRY. A gooseberry. North. CARBOIL. A tumult. Lane. CARBOKULL. A carbuncle. In the hylte was a catbokutl stone, A bettur swyrde was never noon. MS. Cantab. Ft. il. 38. f. 124. CARBONADO. A steak cut crossways for broiling. Seethe Nomenclator, p. 88; All's Well that ends Well, iv. 5 ; Lilly's Saplio and Phao, " if I venture upon a full stomack to eate a rasher on the coalcs, a carbonado." CARCANET. A necklace, or bracelet. CARCELAGE. Prison fees. CAR-CROW. A carrion crow. North. CARD. (1) Crooked. North. (2) A chart. Harrison, p. 39. Also, a mariner's compass. (3) To mix bad and good together. CARDER. (1) A card plaver. See Hawkins's Engl. Dram. i. 89. (2) A jackdaw. SiiffoU: CARDEW. An alderkar, q. v. CARDIACLE. A disease affecting the heart. (Or.) See Piers Ploughman, pp. 266, 430; Chaucer, Cant. T. 12247 ; ReUq. Antiq. i. 190. Also, great grief or anxiety. Suchc joie Titus gan unilretake. That him toke a cantiuke Of his fadres gret honoure. That he schulile be emperoure. MS. Mdit. 10036, f. 29. CARDICUE. The fom-th part of a French crown, corrupted from quart d'ccu. The term occurs in our old dramatists. CARDIN.\L. A kind of cloak, much in fashion about 1760, and recently revived. CARE. (1) Grief; concern; vexation. Also, solicitude ; inclination. (2) To think about anytliing. '• I care, I busye my mynde with a thj-nge," Palsgrave. (3) The mountain-ash. Devon. CARE-BED. A bed of care. See Percy's Re- liques, p. 11 ; Perceval, 1062. CARE-CAKE. A pancake. North. CARE-CLOTH. A square cloth held over the head of a bride by four men, one at each corner. Palsgrave calls it carde clothe, and seems to say it was then (1530) out of use. CARECRIN. Cheerfully. Northumb. CAREFUL. Sorrowful. {A.-S.) CAREIRES. Baret has, " a carrire, the short turning of a nimble horse, now this way, nowe that way." This is the proper meauing of the term, which is apphed to a drunken man in the Merry Wives of Windsor, i. 1. An in- toxicated man, as every one knows, " passes the careires," turns this way, that way, and every way. See Opticke Glasse of Humors, 1639, p. 24 ; Cotgrave, in v. Carriere, Coursicr; Florin, in v. Cursa. CAREWARE. A cart. North. CARF. (1) Carved; shced. See Rob. Glonc. p. 116 ; Arthom- andMerUn, p. 183. (2) The breadth of one cutting in a rick of hay. Kent. CARFAX. A meeting of four roads. See Prompt. Parv. pp. 62, 188. The term is now only re- tained at Carfax in Oxford. CARGO. A bidly or bravo. CAR-HAND. The left-hand. A'orM. " With a cast of the car-honde," Robson's Met. Rom. p. 22. CARIEN. To carry. {A.-S.) CARIES. Carats of gold. (A.-N.) CARINE. The bottom of a ship. CARK. (1) Stiff. Leic. (2) Care ; anxiety. Also, to be careful and dili- gent. Cf. Collier's Old Ballads, p. 38 ; Phil- pot's Works, p. 328 ; Cotgrave, in v. Esmay ; Ritson's Ancient Songs, p. 29. " I carie, I care, I take thought, ^'e chagrine," Palsgrave. (3) Forty tod of wool. CARKES. A carcase. PaLsgraoe. CARL. A churl ; a bondman ; a rude country clown. (J.-S.) Here es cury UDclene carle be my trowlhe. Morte Arthure, MS. Lincoln, t. 64. CARL-CAT. Atom-cat. North. CARLIN'E. A stout old woman. North. CARLING. A penguin. Skelton. CARLINGS. Grey peas, steeped all night in water, and fried the next day with butter. Palm Sunday, formerly called c'arling Sunday, is the anniversan- of this dish ; though in some %'illages it is eaten on the previous sabbath. North. CARLISH. Inflexible ; chmlish. North. CARLOT. A rustic, or churi. Shak. CARMES. Carmelite friars. {.i.-N.) See Rom. of the Rose, 7462; Piers Ploughman, p. 453. An hundrid pounde to the freris prey. And carmea fyfty, tarieth it not I say. Occleve, MS. Soc. Antuj. 134, f. S76. CARNADINE. The carnation. CARNARY-CHAPEL. A charnel-house. See Lelaudi Itin. ed. 1769, iii. 12. C.\RNE. A plough land. State Papers, iii. 170. CARNEL. A battlement, (.^.-A'.) And the camels so stondcth upright, Wei 1-planed, and feir i-dight. Castle of Love. CARNEY. To coax. Var. dial. CARMFEX. A scoundrel. (Lat.) See Mid- lUeton, iii. 523 ; Downfall of Robert, Earl of Huntingdon, p. 39. CARNILATE. To build stone houses. Harri- son's Description of England, p. 206. CAROCH. A coach or carriage. See Cotgrave, in V. Embatage ; Drayton's Poems, p. 225 , Beaumont and Fletcher, iii. 407 ; Two Lanca- shire Lovers, 1640, p. 25. CAROIGNE. A carcase. Rob. Clone. C.\ROL. (1) -A. closet or small study ; a kind of l)ew. Carol-window, a bow-window. See Ducange, in v. Carola. (2) A d.-mce. (J.-N.) Rob. Glou. p. 53. Also, to dance. CAR 233 CAR And wymmen, y seye of tho That borwe clothes yn carol to go. US. Harl. 1701, f. 23. CARONYES. Carcases. Rob. Glouc. p. 265. CAROUGHCLE. A small boat, made of horse- hide, to carry a single person, employed on the river Dee. Kennell. CAROUSE. A bumper. CARP. Speech; conversation. Sometimes, noise, tumult. (J.-N.) CARPE. To talk or speak. (^.-A'.) Palsgrave mentions this as " a farre northen verbe." The kyng in his concelle carpyi thes wordes. Morte Arthurff MS. Lincoln, f. fiO. CARPET-KNIGHTS. Knights dubbed at court by favour, in contradistinction to those who were so honoured on the field of battle or for distinguished military sennces. They are men- tioned vrith great contempt by our early writers ; and an effeminate person was called a carpet-knight, with only a metaphorical re- ference to the original term. " A capring, carpet knight," Hcywood's Iron Age, 1632, sig. C. iv. Also called a caqiet-monger. CARPET-STANDING. A small piece of rich carpet, for royal and noble personages to stand on in public places in the presence of royalty, or where sitting would not be considered cor- rect etiquette. CARPET-WAY. A green sward. East. CARPMEALS. A coarse kind of cloth manu- factured in the North of England in the reign of James I. There was also a kind of white cotton cloth called carpnel, mentioned in Strutt, ii. 94. C A KR. A kind of black fibrous stuff washed up by the sea in hea\-y gales, and used by the poor people for fuel. F.mt. CARRACK. A Spanish galeon. Sometimes Eng- lish vessels of great value and size were so called. " Du!c naves llispanica!, vulgo car- ricks diets, capiuntur ab Anglis," MS. Sloaue 392, f. 402. See Du Hartas, p. 42 ; D'Avc- nant's Madagascar, 161H, p. 17; Webster, ii. 49; Hardyng's Chronicle, f. 211; Morte d'.'Vrthur, ii. 433. There was a smaller and swifter kind of vessel called by tliis name, as appears from the Squyr of Lowe Degre, 819 ; and in llolinshcd. Description of Scotland, p. 22, small fishing boats called carrocks are alluded to. CARUECT. A gold carat. CARREFOUR. A place where four ways meet. Florio has, " Crocicc/iio, a carrefoure, or crossc way." CARUKL. Fustian clotli. See Book of Rates, 1675, p. 30; Florio, in v. Guarnello. CARRIAGE. (1) A drain. Mills. (2) A belt which carries a whetstone behind the mower. Var. dial. is) Import ; tendency. Sliak. 4) Power of resistance. CARKOCK. A heap of stones used as a boun- dary mark. North. CARROSSE. A coach. Florio. CARROT. Regiment or body of soldiers. (.^.-A^.) CARRY. (1) To drive. Craven. (2) To recover. North. (3) To "carry coals," to submit to any indig- nity, a phrase very common in our early (?'"a- matists, and which perhaps had its origin in the mean nature of that occupation. " The time hath bccne when I would a scorn'd to carry coals," Troubles of Queene Elizabeth, 1639, sig. E. iv. CARRY-MERRY. A kind of sledge, used in conveying goods from one warehouse to an- other. Somerset. CARRY-PLECK. A boggy place, whose water leaves a red sediment. Lane. CARRY-TiVLE. A tale-bearer. Shak. CARRY-WITCH ET. A conundrum, or riddle. Grose says, " a sort of conundrum, puzzlewit, or riddle." CARS. A corpse or body. (A.-S.) CARSCHAFFE. A kerchief. Chester Plays, i. 72. CARSES. Cresses. Gerard. CARSEY". Kersey. See Hall's Satires, iv. 2; " Carsey clothe, crcsy," Palsgrave ; Harrison's Descr. of England, pp. 163, 1 72 ; Arch. i.\. 250. CARSICK. The kennel or gutter. North. Caw- sink-pin, a pin picked up in a gutter. CART. A car ; or chariot. (A.-S.) CART-BODY. The wooden body of a cart or waggon. Cartarse, the loose end of a cart. CART-BREAD. A kind of bread, mentioned by Elyot, in v. Agoranis. CARTED. Not considered; put out of consi- deration, equivalent to " put on the shelf." See Beaumont and Fletcher, vi. 54. CARTER. A charioteer. {A.-S.) Kennett, p. 42, mentions an insect so called. CARTLE. To clip, or cut round. Urry's MS. ad- ditions to Ray. CART-LOOSE. A cart-rut. North. C.\RTLY. Rough ; unmannerly. North. CART-RACK. A cart-rut. East. CARTRE. A charter. Rob. Glouc. p. 77. CART-SADEL. The saddle which is placed on the horse in the shafts. The term occurs in a curious burlesque in Rcliq. Antiq. i. 81. CARVANDE. Cutting; sharp. He h.id a spere fnriHndf , And towardc the batcll was ryd.inde. MS. Canlab. Kf. ii. 38, f. 21J. CARVE. (I) To grow sour, or curdle. North. (2) To woo. Mr. Hunter, Illustrations, i. 215, has the merit of pointing out the peculiar use of this word, althougli he has not discovered its meaning, which is clearly ascertained from the use of the substantive career in Lilly's Mother Bombie, •' neither father nor mother, kilh nor kinnc, shall bee lier carver in a husband ; slice will fall too where shee likes best." (3) As much land as maybe tilled in a year with one plough. CARVEL. A basket; a chicken-coop. North. Also, a small ship or caravel, and metaphori- 15* CAS 234 CAS cally a prostitute. See Hall, Edward IV. f. 2 ; Minot, p. 76 ; Hej-wood's Edward IV. p. 39 ; State Papers, i. 805. CARVETT. A thick hedge-row. Kent. CARVIS-CAKES. Flat round cakes, made of oatmeal, and flavoured with caraway seeds. mUan. CARVIST. A young hawk. CARVON. Carved ; cut. CARVY-SEEDS. Caraway seeds. Somerset. CAR- WATER. Chalybeate water. North. GARY. A kind of coarse cloth. See Piers Ploughman, p. -175 ; Collier's Memoirs of Allevn, p. 21. CARYE. To go. CARYSTYE. Scarcity. {Med. Lat.) CAS. Chance ; hazard. (^.-A'.) CASBALD. A term of contempt. See the Towneley Myst. p. 213. CASCADE. To vomit. Var. dial. CASE. (1) To skin an animal. See Gent. Rec. ii. 77. Hence, to strip, as in Beaumont and Fletcher, iii. 150. Ca.^es, skins, Holinshed, Descr. of Scotland, p. 18. (2) A pair, as of pistols, &c. (3) Because. Var. dial. CASE-H.ARDENED. Impenetrable to all sense of virtue or shame. North. C.\SE-KNIFE. A large knife, kept in a sheath, and carried in the pocket. Var. dial. CASELINGS. The skins of beasts that die by any accident or \iolent death. Chesh. C.VSELTY. Uncertain ; casual. JVest. Casweltc, casualty, occurs in MS. Cantab. Ft", ii. 38, f. 51. CASEMENT. A concave moulding. CASE-WORM. The caddis. East. Florio men- tions "casses or earthwormes," ed. ICll. p. 290. CASHED. Cashiered. SeeLeycesterCorr. p.l3; Holinshed, Chrou. Irel. p. 136. CASIERS. Broad wide sleeves. Devon. C.VSINGS. Dried cow-dung used for fuel. North. Casard and Casen occur in Pr. Parv. p. 63. CASK. A helmet, or ca-sque. See Drayton's Poems, p. 65 ; Dodsley, ii. 295. CASKET. A stalk, or stem. North. CASPERE. The herb cardiac. CASS. .\ word to drive away a cat. Somer.>iet. CASSABULLY. The winter cress. South. CASSE. To discharge ; to break or deprive of an olfice; to cashier ; to disband. See Cashed ; Cotgrave, in v. Casser, Destitution, Donne; Skelton, ii. 107. Cassen, cast off, Brockett. CASS!AS:STRE. The cassia tistida, described by Gerard. [1. 1212. See an early list of plants in MS. Sloane 5, f. 3. C.\SSOCK. A loose outward coat, particularly a military one. See Ben Jonson, i. 62 ; Har- rington's Nug. Antiq. i. 261 ; cassaque, Strutt, u. 246. CASSON. Beef. Dekker. C.\ST. (1) A second swarm of bees from one hive. Var. dial. (2) To speak ; to address. (3) A stratagem ; a contrivance. (A.-S.) See Towneley Myst. p. 107 ; Robson's Rom. p. 22; Harrison's Descr. of England, p. 236. (4) A brace or couple. See Beaumont and Fletcher, iii. 30, 108; Florio, in v. Cnpia; Privy Purse Expences of Hen. VIII. p. 141. (5) Cast oft', as a cast ship, Florio, in v. Cor- btimi, " cast hulkes, old ships." Cast lips, As Y'ou Like It, iii. 4, unless we may read chast lips, as in ed. 1632, p. 199. (6) Plotted ; derised. Common in our early dramatists. (7) To mean, intend. Percy. To contrive, Mehbeus, p. 150. " I caste a way, I de\7se ameanes to do a thing," Palsgrave. See the Basyn, xix. (8) To yield; to produce. Norf. (9) To choke one's self with eating too fast. North. (10) Warped. North. See Kennett, MS. Lansd. 1033. Ascham uses the word. (11) Opportunity; chance. North. This is perhaps the meaning in Cov. Mvst. p. 129; Erie of Tolous, 452. (12) A sheep is said to be cast, when it Ues on its back. North. (13) When hounds check, and the huntsman tries to recover the sceut by taking the hounds round about the spot, he is said to cast them. (14) To vomit. Common both as an archaism and provincialism. (15) To cast a horse is to throw him down by a rope disposed in a particidar manner, for any operation requiring confinement of the Umbs. (16) Thwarted; defeated. Salop. (17) To deUver prematurely, as cows and other beasts. Salop. (18) To empty. " Casting the poondes," Howard Household Books, p. 21. (19) To set a hank on a perch. Berners. Also, to purge a hawk. (20) Looked forward. Devon. (21) To consider. Thynne's Debate, p. 75, " casten how the matter wyll befall." Also, to determine. Palsgrave, and Drayton's Poems, p. 34. (22) To dismiss, or rather, perhaps, to appoint persons to their several stations, as characters in a play. See Malone's Shakespeare, iv. 319. (23) A brood or flight of hawks. '• Caste of haukes, niee doiseaiur," Palsgrave. Sometimes a couple, as in (4). (24) To spin a top. (25) To cast a compass, to rectify or correct it. Pahgrave. (26) To add up a sum. (27) To cast beyond the moon, a proverbial phrase for attempting impossibihties. Besides the examples quoted by Nares may be mentioned one in Mother Boml)ie, ed. 1632, sig. Aa. viii. (28) Added. WicklitTe's New Test. p. 9. (29) A castle. Rob. Glouc. (30) To think; to cogitate. Barer. (31) A small portion of bread. See Ordinances CAT 235 CAT and Regulations, pp. 26, 50, 72 ; Harrison's Dcscr. of England, p. 168. It seems to mean the portions of several loaves together into which hread is generally hakcd. " A caste piece," several pieces joined into one, Florio, in V. CaverTia, (32) To throw dice. (33) To "cast up," to upbraid; to reproach. North. Palsgrave has this phrase in the sense, to forsake; " I cast up, I forsake a thvng." (34) To " cast a person's water," to find out diseases by the inspection of urine, a very common practice in former times. The phrase is used by Shakespeare. (3.'i) To " cast afore," to forecast. Palsgrave. (36) " I cast my penyworthes, je puurjecte ; whan I have all caste my penyworthes, I maye put niv wynnyng in myn eye," Palsgrave, i. 183.' (37) To groau. Warw. (38) Strife ; contention. (^/.-5.) (39) To condemn. Minsheu. (40) To arrange or dispose. Fr. Pan. CASTELI2T. A turret. (^.-iV.) CASTELIS. Camps. {Lat.) CASTE LLE. A large cistern. CASTEN. Cast ofiF. North. CASTER. (1) A cloak. Dekker. (2) A cow that easts her calf. CASTING. BOTTLE. A bottle used for casting, or sprinkling, perfumes, introduced about the midrlle of the sixteenth century. See the Tragedy of Hoffman, 1031, sig. C. iii ; Unton Inventories, p. 27. AXio ca.\\eAa casting-glass, as in Ben Jonson, ii. 144; Privy Purse Ex- pences of Mary, p. 144. CASI'LE. A kiiid of close helmet. CASTLE WARDS A tax formerly laid on those that dwelt within a certain distance of a castle, for the support of the garrison. See Latn- banle's Perambulation, 15!)6, p. 155. CASTLING. A calf born before its proper time. See llollybaud, m \. Avorlon ; Men-Miracles, 1056, p. 6. CASTOCK. The heart of a cabbage. North. CASTON. A capstan. Ftorio. CASTOR. A beaver. (A.-N.) There was a herb called " the balloc of the castor," MS. Sloane 5, f. 3. Cf. Brit. Bibl. iv. 20. C.iSTKEL. A kind of hawk, not very courage- ous, and therefore seldom nsed for sporting purposes. See the Feest, ix (.') ; Gent. Kec. ii. 32; Brit. Bibl. ii. 118. CASUALTY. The llesh of an animal that dies by chance. East. CA'f. (1) A mess of coarse meal, clay, &c. placed in dove-eoles, to allure strangers. East. (2) A ferret. Suffolk. (3) The traj) at the game of Trap and Bull was formerly called a cat, and the game itself also went under this name, or, according to Howell, Cat and Traj). Si-e I'lnrio, in v. Ijppa. 'Vntfi. pota; C'otgravc, in y. Martinet, Quillc ; but tlic game of cat is more properly that played with sticks, and a small piece of wood, rising in the middle, so as to rebound when struck on either side. This game is still played, and is even a favourite in the metropolis. See Nares, and Middleton.iv. 527. ItisalsocalledCat andDog, as Mr. Hartshorne notices, Salop. Antiq. and also in MS. Addit. 5008, under the year 1582. Take them who dares at nine-holes, t-ank's, or cat. I'eficlKim's Thaliftn Bdttquet, 1620. CATADUPE. A waterfaU. {Lat.) CATAIAN. A sharper. C.\TAPUCE. A kind of spurge. {A.-N.) CAT-ARLES. An eruptive disorder on the skin. North. CATAYL. a sort of vessel. See Richard Coer de Lion, 1407. There is a ship called a catch, mentioned in Harrison, p. 201, for which this may be an error. CAT-BEAGLE. A swift kind of beagle men- tioned in the Gent. Rec. ii. 68. CAT-BILL. A wiioilpecker. North. CAT-BLASH. Anything thin or sloppy, as weak tea. Line. CAT-BRAIN. A kind of rough clay mixed with stone. West. CAT-CALL. A kind of whistle, chiefly used at theatres, to interrupt the actors, and damn a new piece. It was in common use some years ago, but is not often heard at the present day. CATCH. (1) .^ few hairs drawn out of a knot or bunch, which is woven in the silk. (2) To " catch copper," to take harm, to fall into evil. CATCH-CORNER. A well-known chUd's game. C.VTCHED. Entangled. Beds. CATCHEREL. A catchpole. Pr. Parv. CATCHIS. Causcth. Hearne. CATCH-LAND. Border-land, of which the tithe was disputable, and taken by the first claimant who could catch it. Norf. This custom is now of course obsolete. CATCH-ROGUE. A constable, or bailiff. East. CATCH-WATER. A reservoir of water in a newly-erected common. Somerset. C.\rCHY. Disposed to take an undue advan- tage. It occurs in the sense of showery in the Times, August 24 lb. 1843. CATKL. Goods; property; possessions; trea- sure, or money. (A.-N.) See Piers Plough- man, p. 70; Ellis's Met. Rom. ii. 207 ; Octo- vian, 803 ; Wicklifl'e's New Test. p. 07. CATER. (1) A caterer. See Brit. Bibl. i. 407 ; Florio,ed. 1011, p. 155. (2) To cut diagonally. Var. dial. CATER-COUSINS. Good friends. Var. dial. CATERPILLAR. A cockchafer. Somer.<:et. CATERRA.MEL. To hollow out. Ilarw. CATERY'. The place in a large house or palace where provisions were kept or distributed. See theOrdiiuincesand Rcgulatmns. iip.08, 97. CAT-GALLOWS. A child's game, consisting of juniping over a stick (ilaced at right angles to two otlicrs lixed in the ground. CATllA.MMEl). Clumsy ; awkward. South. CATHAWS. Common haws. North, CAU 236 CAW CATHEDRAL. A bullv. Line. GATHER. A cradle. North. CATHERN. A Catherine-wheel. JVesf. A merry- making on St. Catherine's day is called ca- therning. CAT-HIP. The burnet-rose. North. CAT-IN-PAN. A cat in pan is a turncoat, or deserter from his party ; to turn cat in pan, to be a turncoat, to desert. CAT-LAP. Tea. Var. dial. CATLING. The string of a lute or violin, made of cat-gut. Strings for hats were also called catlings. See the Book of Rates, 1675, p. 79. CAT.MALLISONS. Cupboards near chimneys, where dried beef and provisions are kept. North. CATRIGGED. Linen, when badly creased, is said to be catrigged. North. CATS. Coverings under which soldiers might lie, ready to attack. Gifford seems to have explained the term erroneously in Shirley, vi. 16. CATS-CRADLE. A game played by children, with string twisted on the fingers. CATS-FOOT. Ground ivy. North. CATS-HE.\D. A kind of porous stone found in coal pits, mentioned bv Aubrey, Nat. Hist. Surrey, iii. 327 ; MS. Nat. Hist. Wilts, p. 54. Rider mentions an apple of this name. CATS'-SMERE. A kind of axungia, mentioned in an early list of plants in MS. Sloane 5, f. 2. CATSO. A term of abuse or contempt. {Ital.) CATS-TAIL. (1) The catkin of the hazel orwil- low. Var. dial. See the Nomenclator, p. 142, " the cats tailes on nut trees." (2) The herb horsetail. Var. dial. (3) A sore place, or fester. See Cotgrave, in v. Chat. Elyot, in v. Furunculus, calls it a cattcs heare. (4) A flogging whip .' But evere beware of Cristis curse and of catti-^-tailes. .VS. Diyfij/ 41, f. 16. CAT-STAIRS. Tape, &c. so twisted, that by its alternate hollows and projections, it resembles stairs. North. CATTER. To thrive. North. CATTON. To beat ; to thump. North. CATWHIN. The dog-rose. North. CAT-WITH-TWO-TAILS. An earwig. North. C.\T\VITTED. Sillv and conceited. North. CATWRALLING. Caterwauhng. Topsell, p. lO.j. CATYFDAM. Captivity ; wTetchedness. C.\TZERIE. Cheating ; roguery. {Ital.) CAUCH. .V nasty mixture. Devon. Sometimes called a cauchery. CAUCL A path or road. {A.-N.) King Vder and his overtoke Opou a cauci bi a broke. Artbuur and Merlin, p. 287. CAUCIOUR. A surveyor. Cumb. CAUD. Cold. North. CAUDEBEC. A French hat, worn in England about the year 1700. CAUDERNE. A cakh-on. It is glossed by Ubea in MS. Arund. 249, f. 89. Cawdroun, Maundevile, p. 250. Cawdurn, Reliq. Antiq. i. 81. CAUDLE. Any slop. Devon. This is pretty nearly the older use of the word, which was generally applied to any sloppy mess in cookery. See a curious satirical notice of the word in this sense in Piers Ploughman, p. 98. CAUD-PIE. A disappointment or loss. North. CAUFTE. Caught. Amis and Amil. 2455. CAUGLE. To quarrel. North. CAUK. Limestone. East. CAUL. (1) A spider's web. (2) A swelUng. North. CAULD. A dam-head. North. CAUMPERSO.ME. Lively ; playful. Derbysh. CAUP. To exchange. North. CAURY. Worm-eaten. {.-t.-N.) Caiiry maury, Skelton and Piers Ploughman ? This phrase in Skelton may perhaps have some connexion with the Scottish term kirrywery. CAUSE. Because. Var. dial. CAUSELLE. Cause? Of whom the sprynge was not causelle Of fortune, ne sodeyne aventure. Lydgate, MS. Soc. Antiq. 134, f. 22. C.VUSEY. A causeway. See Lambarde's Per- ambulation, ed. 1596, p. 425 ; Harrison, p. 37. CAUSH. A sudden declivity. North. CAUSIDICK. A lawyer. Minsheu. CAUTEL. A cunning trick. [.i.-N.) Can- /e//erf, divided, Cleavelaud's Poems, ed. 1660, p. 182. Nares has cautelled in the sense of provided. Cautelous, artfid, artfidly cautious, a very common word. Cautelously, Arch. xiv. 261. CAUTION. A pledge, or surety. Palsgrave. The money paid at the Cambridge colleges on admission is still called caution money, a se- curity for debts that may he contracted. CAVE. (1) To tilt up. Salop. (2) To fall in, as earth does when undermined. Var. dial. (3) To rake ; to separate. South. Also, to thrash corn. (4) A cabbage. North. CAVE.\RE. The spawn of a kind of sturgeon pickled, salted, and dried. See the Muses Looking-Glasse, 1643, p. 31 ; Brit. BibL ii. 541 ; Book of Rates, p. 31. C.WEL. A part or share. North. CAVENARD. A term of reproach. {A.-N.) CAVERSYx\E. A hypocrite. {A.-N.) Okkyrrese and caversi/nes Also swylk ere as Saresyns. R. de Bntnne, MS. B'"ves, p. 91. CAVILATION. Cavilling. (A.-N.) See King Leir, p. 417; Hardyng, f. 174; Simonides, 2d pt. 1584. C.WING. Chaff and refuse swept from the threshing floor. East. CAVOUS. Hollow ; abounding in caves. See Thorns' Anecdotes and Trad. p. 115. CAW. The rot in sheep. Devon. Florio has tlie term, to bring forth a lamb. CAWARD. Backward. Robin Hood, i. 84. CAWBABY. An awkward shy boy. Devon. CEK 237 CEN CAWDAW. A jackdaw. North. CAWDRIFE. A shivering feeling. North. CAVVE. To go, or walk. {A.-N.) CAWF. An eel-box. East. CAWTTAIL. A dunce. Lane. CAWHAND. The left-hand. North. CAWKEN. To breed, a term generally applied to hawks. See Gent. Rec. ii. 62 ; Piers Plough- man, pp. 223, 241. CAWKY. Frumpish. Line. CAWL. (1) To frighten or bully. North. (2) A swelling from a blow. Yorksh. (3) A coop. Kent. (4) A kind of silk. (5) To do work a^^■k•wardlv. North. CAWN. CaUed. Var. dial. CAWNSE. A pavement. Devon. CAWPE. A cup. Brit. Bibl. iv. 18. CAWTE. Cautious. Ritson. CAXON. A worn-out wig. Somerset. CATERS. Comers. MS. Morte Arthure, f. 58. CAYRE. To go. Of alle the welthe and the wanes thou hade in kepynge. To cayre with that cumly thou kf ste the fullc clcnL-. MS. Lincoln A.i. 17, f. 231. CAYTEFETE. Wretchedness. (^.-A'.) And my modir consayved me In mekille synne and captefcte. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17. t. 27fi. CAYVAR. A kind of ship, mentioned in Kyng Alisaunder, 6062. CAZAMI. An old astrological term, denoting the centre or middle of the sun. Gent. Rec. i. 100. CA3TE. Caught. Rob. Glauc. CE. Plare. [Sea?] Some tugge, sum drawe fro ce to ce : A I Lorde Jhesu, how may thys be ? MS.Harl. 1701, f. 87. CEAGE. A key. Verstegan. CEASE. To die. Shak. CEATE. A membrane. Topsell. CEC. Sick. Pr. Parv. CECHELLE. A satchel. Pr. Parv. CECILE. St. CeciUa. {A.-N.) CECYNE. To cease. Pr. Parv. CEDULE. A scroll or schedide. See Test. Vetust. p. 49.''> ; Arch. xi. 436. CEE. The sea. See Kyng Alisaunder, 5158 ; Prompt. Pars', p. 64. Ce-king, a sea-king, Holinshed, Hist. Engl. p. 84. CEELDAM. Seldom. Pr. Pan. CEGE. A seat, or bench. Pr. Parv. Also a Jakes, or siege. CEGGE. The water flower de-luce. Translated by accoriis in Prompt. Parv. p. 64. See Ge- rard, p. 46. It is also wTittea for sedge or carex in the former work. CEISE. To seize. (^.-A'.) CEK. A sack. Prompt. Parv. CEKYNE. (1) To fall sick. Prompt. Pan: (2) To seek, or search. Jliid. CEKYR. Securely. Than dar 1 sey eekt/r, and be myn hoode, Here trewc service to jowc than wyl they prove. MS. Cinlab. Tf. i. C, f. Ii3. CEL. A seal. Rob. Glouc. p. 77. CELADE. A skull-cap for the head. Celate, Florio, in v. Baeinetto. CELATURE. The ornamented under-surface of a vault. Lydgate. CELDE. Sold. Pr. Parv. CELDOM. Seldom. Pr. Parv. CELE. (1) Hai)py ; blessed ; godly. {A.-S.) (2) Happiness ; prosperity .' (y/.-S.) And so he sliai, that woot I wele. For he is al bisett with cel^-. Cursor Mtinili, MS. Coll. Trin. Cantab. (3) A canopy. Rutland Papers, pp. 7, 10. (4) Time; season. Pr. Parv. (5) " I eele a hauke or a pigyon or any other foule or b)Tdc, whan I sowe up their eyes for caryage or otherv^'yse," Palsgrave. CELED. Decorated, sculptured, or painted. Also, wainscoted. Wainscot is still called ceiling in Yorkshire. Craven Glossary, i. 65. CELEE. Strange ; wonderful. Cower. CELERER. The officer in a monastery who had the care of the ])rovisions. {Lat.) CELESTINE. A kind of jilunket or coloured cloth, usually having broad lists. CELESTIVE. Celestial. CELLAR. A canopy. " CeUar for a beddc, cicl de lit," Palsgrave. " A celler to hange in the chamber," Ordinances and RegiUations, p. 127. CELLE. A religious house. {Lat.) CELLEN. Cells. Rob. Glouc. p. 233. CELSITUDE. Highness. (.-/.-A-.) CELWYLLY. Unruly. Pr. Parv. CEME. A quarter of corn. Pr. Parv CEMELY. Seemly. Pr. Parv. CEMELYNE. To compare. Pr. Parv. CEMMED. Folded ; twisted. CEMY. Subtle. Pr. Parv. CEMYS. Seems ; appears. CEN. To ken, or know. Ritson. CEXCLEFFE. The daffodil. CENDAL. A species of rich thin silken stuff, very highlv esteemed. See Slrutt, ii. 3 ; Gy of Warwil^e, p. 421 ; ElUs's Met. Rom. ii. 15. " Cendell, thynne lynnen, sendal," Palsgrave. Her gomfainoun w.-is of cendtl Yude, Of gold thcr were on thrc coronnc. Arthour and Merlin, p. S09. CENE. (1) A supper. (Lai.) Certys, seyd l*etyr, thys nyjt at the ccntt. He seyd, eftsonea we shuldyn hym sene. J1/.S-. Harl. 1701, f. 91. (2) A kind of sauce. See the Ordinances and Regulations, p. 452. (3) An assembly. Palsgrave. CENGYLLE. Singular. Pr. Parv. CENS. Incense. Palsgrave. Cf. Chester Plays, i. 282 ; Ordinances and Regulations, p. 120. Censing, sprinkling with incense, Danes' An- cient Kites, 1072. p. 23. CENSER. An incense pot. (A.-N.) In Shake- speare's time the term was applied to a bottle perforated at top, used for sprinkling perfumes. CENSURE. Judgntent ; opinion. Aisoaverb, to give an opinion, to judge. CER 238 CHA CENT. A game at cards, so called because 100 was the game. It is supposed to have resem bled piequet. There was also a game called cent-foot, hut it does not appear to he the same with this. CENTENER. A captain or officer commanding a hundred men. See the Ordinances and Regu- lations, p. 5. CENTO. A patchwork. CENTRE. To strike the centre, to take away the frame of wood which they use in making and supporting an arch of brick or stone, after the said arch is completed. Kennett, MS. Lansd. 1033. CENTRY-GARTH. The cemetery.or burial place of a monastery. See the Ancient Rites of Durham, pp. 2, 49, 136. CENY. A sign. Pr. Parv. CEOUT. To haik. Salop. CEP. To catch a ball. North. CEPE. A hedge. CEPHENS. Male, or young drones. CERADENE. A fresh-water muscle. A'orrt. An unusually large species of this muscle is found in the lake at Canons Ashhy, the beautiful seat of Sir Henry Dryden, Bart. CERCLE. To surround. (^.-A'.) CEREJOWRE. A searcher. Pr. Pan: CEREMONIES. ProtUgies. Shak. CERES-AND-VIRGINUM. A rule in old arith- metic for the solution of simple problems that would now be worked by algebra. See Ley- bourn's Arithmetical Rec. 1699, p. 139. CERGE. A wax taper. {A.-N.) See Havelok, 594 ; Chron. Vilodun. p. 36. CERGYN. To seaixh. Pr. Pan: CERKE. A shirt. Than sche spak, that burde brijt. That al naked was saf hir cerhe. MS. AshmoU 3,t. f. 32. CERKELYTT. Encircled. CERN. To concern. Shak. CERNOYLE. Honeysuckle. CERSE. To cease. North. CERSTYN. Christian. Robin Hood, i. 89. CERT. Certes ; certainly. See Se\-yn Sages, 2575 ; Arthour and MerUn, p. 130. CERTACION. Assurance. Hegaf me many a good certacion. With right and holsom predicacion, MS. Rawl. C. 8ti. CERTAIN. Certainly. Chancer. CERTED. Certain; firm. Huloet. CERTENLYCH. Certainly ; positively. CERTES. Certainly. (.-/.->.) CERT-MONEY'. Head money or common fine, paid yearly by the residents of several manors to the lords thereof. Blount. CERTYL. A kirtle. See Ritson's Ancient Songs, p. 51 ; Songs and Carols, x. CERUSE. Ceruse or white-lead, used by ladies for painting their faces and bosoms. See Rehq. Antiq. i. 108 ; Ben Jonson, i. 131 ; Amends for Ladies, p. 44 ; Strutt, ii. 133, 134. CERVE. A circlet. " That vlke white cerve was an evydent tokon of hir marfirdome," Langtoft, p. cxcviii. CERVELLE. The brain. {A.-N.) CESOUN. Season. {.4.-N.) CESS. (l)To spill water about ; also, to can dogs to eat. South, (2) Measure ; estimation. " Out of aH cess," excessively, immoderately. " San.f ce^c, ex- cessively, immoderately, out of aU cesse and crie," Cotgrave. " Overthroweth the Puritans out of all cesse," Mar-Prelate's Epitome, p. 49. S/iak. Herrick, i. 44, appears to have the word for asset!.'iment,a^ in Holinshed, Chron. Ireland, p. 145. Cesser, an assessor, HoUyband's Dic- tionarie, 1593. (3 A layer or stratum. East. It is often pro- nounced sa.se. CESSATION. Ceasing. (Lat.) CESSE. (1) To cease. (.-J.-N.) (2) To give seizin or possession. See Syr Degore, 538. CESS-POOL. A pool for filth. CEST. Ceased. (A.-N.) CESTON. A studded girdle. {A.-N.) CETE. A companv of badgers. CETECEYN. A citizen. CETOYLE. A harp ? To ccttiyle and to sawtree. And gytternynge fulle gaye. US. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 130. CETTE. Set ; placed. Pr. Pan: CETYWALL. The herb valerian ; also' moun- tain spikenard. Percy's Reliques, p. 79. It is translated by celinalens in MS. Sloane 5, f. 4. CEYLE. A saU'. Pr. Pan. CHABBE. Have. Po6. Glouc. CHACE. (1) To chase, or pursue. (A.-N.) (2) The groove in a crossbow in which the arrow is placed. CHACEABLE. Fit to be himted. Tooke, p. 660, considers Gower the inventor of this word : but in the Maystre of the Game, MS. Bodl. 546, stags after the sixth year are said to be chasable. CHACECHIENS. The same as berners, q.v. And Ihe gromes that hatten vhaccchiens brynge with hem the hertehound. SIS. Bodl. 546. CHACKLE. To chatter. Somerset. CHACKSTONE. A small flint. North. CHAD. I had. West. CHADEN. The inwards of a calf. Dorset. CHADFARTHING. A farthing formerly paid amoug the Easter dues, for the purpose of hal- lowing the font for christenings. CHADIST. Sheddest. As thou cfiadisc thi blood on rod tre Fore my redempcion. .-iudelai/s Popm.*, p. 64. CHADS. Dry husky fragments found amongst food. East. CHAFE. To grow warm or angry. (.i.-N.) Hence chaff, to tease or worry. CHAFER. (1) A beetle, or May-bug. South. (2) A saucepan. See Unton Invent, p. 1 ; Ordi- nances and Regulations, p. 126. Chaufere Chron. Vilodun. p. 54. CHAFER-HOUSE. An ale-house. North. CHA 239 CHA CHAFERY. A furnace. Derbysh. CHAFF-BONE. The jaw-bone. Yorksh. CHAFFERE. To deal, exchange, or barter. (A.-S.) Also a substantive, merchandise. Emere vet vendere, AngUee to ehattar>n, MS. Bibl. Reg. 12 B. i. f. 19. If thou art a margchaunt, disceyve not thi brother in chaffarpng. fVimbettan's Sermon, 1398, .\iA'. Hatlun 57, p. 4. CHAFF-FALLEN. Low-spirited. AVM. CHAFFLE. To haggle. North. CHAFF-NETS. Nets employed for catching birds of small size. CHAFFO. To chew. Laiic. CHAFLET. A small scaffold or platform. (.^.-.V.) See the Brit. Bibl. i. 59. CHAFTE-BAN. A jaw-bone. North. With the chafte'Uin of a dcti has, Men sais that therwit slan he was. M.'i. Cull. Vespus. A. iii. f. 7. CHAFTY. Talkative. Yorh/i. CHAIERE. A chair, or pulpit. (J.-N.) CH.ilX. A weaver's warp. Somerset. CHAISEL. An upper garment. (J.-N.) See the SevjTi Sages, 1814. There was a kind of fine Unen called chaisil, of which smocks were often made, alluded to in Kyng Alisaunder, 279; Strutt, ii. 257 ; Wartou, Introd. p. 163; Leg. Cathol. p. 152. CHAITY. Careful ; delicate. Somerset. CHAKY'L. .\ shackle, a moveable hoop made of iron, and fi.xed to the extremity of the plough-beam by a loose bolt and screw. CHALANDE. A chanter. And bycause reason wyll that suche a person sliulde be honorably interteyned lest that staye myght be made for the greate charges of the same, I thinke It rathur expedyent to forbere a greate nonibcr of our monnkes and chalandea, namely as thay nowe use tliemselfes, then so necessary a thing for the comyn wealthe shulde be lakked and Eett asyde. State Paper; li. 484. CHALAXGE. To challenge. {A.-N.) Also sometimes, to accuse. CU.-VLDER. (1) To crumble. FMst. (2) A caldron. North. CHALDRON. A kind of sauce. It is spelt cliaifdueii in UeUq. Antiq. i. 88. CHALEN. Chill; cold. (/>i«-. CHALK. To mark with chalk. Var. dial. CIIALK-WIUTE. Quite white. Var. tlinl. " Chalk-wliyjth as the mylk," Sir Degrevant, 1490. CHALL. The jaw. Leic. CllALLK.NGE. 'Wheii hounds or beagles fir^l find tlic .^cent and cry, they arc said to chal- lenge. CIIAL.M. To chew, or nibble. Etut. More usually spelt cham. CIIALON. A coverlet. Chaucer. CHAM. (1) 1 am. Jl'est. (2) Awry. North. (.'i) To tliew or champ. I'lihi/rave. CllA.\n!EKDEKlN.S. Iri^li i)eggars. Illouiit. CUAMBEUEU. (1) A chaniber-niaid. (./-,V.) See Ywaine and (jawin, 883; Chancer, Cant. T. 5882; Ordinances and Regulations, p. 127 ; chamberys, Reliq. Antiq. i. 26 ; chambrere, Maimdevile, p. 102. (2) A wanton person ; an intriguer. CHAMBER-FELLOW. A chum ; one who in- habits the same chambers with another. Sec Florio, in v. Camerdio. CHAMBERING. Wantonness; intriguing. CHAMBER-LIE. Urine. Shak. CHAMBERLIN. An attendant in an inn, equi- valent to the present head-waiter or upper- chambermaid, or both offices united ; some- times male, sometimes female. Nares. See Middleton, iii. 383. CHAMBERS. Small cannon, without carriages, chiefly used on festive occasions. See Mid- dleton, V. 190; Peele, ii. 124; Ben Jonson, viii. 422 ; First Sketches of Henry VI. p. 217. CHAMBERYNGS. Furniture of a bed or bed- room. See Test. Vetust. p. 372. CHA.MBLE. To chew. Var. dial. CllAMBLEY. A chimney. Devon. CHAMBLINGS. Husks of corn. East. CHAMBRE-FORENE. Ajakes. Rob. Olouc. CI1.\MER. A chamber. Somerset. C11.\MFER. The plain slope made by paring off the edge of a stone or jjicce of timber. Also, a hollow cliannel or gutter, such as the fluting of a column. See WilUs, p. 8. In this latter sense Spenser speaks of " winter with cAam/rerf brows," i. e. furrowed orchaiuielled. So also Florio, ** Accanel/'irr, to chamfure, to enchanell, to make gutter-wise ;" and Brit. Bibl. ii. 117, " my chamfred lijis." Minsheu has, '* to cltamfer, or to make channels, gut- ters, crevises, or hcllon- strakes, in pillars or such like." Cotgrave spells it chamfret in the first sense, in v. Braser, Eyubrasiire. " Stria, a rebbat or small furrow made in stone or tymber, chaniferyng : s/ria scemeth to bee the boltell or thinge that riscth uji bctwcne the two cbanels, and stria; the chanell itselfe, or chaiuferynge," Elyot. CHAMFRON. .\rmour for a horse's nose and cheeks. See Excerpt. Hist. p. 209. CllA.MLET. Camelot. See Unton Invent, p. 33 ; Test. Vetust. p. 434 ; Gascoigne's DeUcate Diet, p. 12 ; Withals, ed. 1608, p. 139. CHA.M.MEU. .V kind of gown, worn by persons of rank, and generally richly onuuncnted. It a])pears to have been in fashion in Henry Vlll.'s time. See Strutt, ii. 248; Planche, p. 238. CHAMP. (1) Hard; firm. .Smse.r. (2) To bite, or chew. Sujfo/k. See the Down- fall of Robert E;irl of lluntingdon, p. 78 ; Sir John Olilcastle, p. 20 ; Lilly's .Mydas. (3) A scuffle. E.ifiioor. (4) To tread heavily. Wane. CHAMPAINE. plain ; flat ; open. Sec Ray's Diet. Tril. p. 4 ; Lambarde's Prrambulation, ed. 1596, p. 10. ,\lso a sidistantive, a plain, flat or 0])en country. Fr;i theihiiii- Iti.ty went fonrty dayei, ami t-.>me inlille a c/iamfjat/ne cunlroe thnt wjg ollc lMrt\iit-, and na hyo pJicc, nc na hille» mightc be neitcun ud sydc' US. Lincoln A. I. 17, f. 31 CHA 240 CHA CHAMPARTIE. A share of land ; a partner- ship in power. (J.-N.) See Chaucer, Cant. T. 1951 ; Lydgate's Minor Poems, p. 131. wisely advertynge sche was to febille of my3t. In this mater to holiie rliampertye With hire that was of face raost benigne. LyJetile, MS Sue. .-tnliq. 134, f. 14. He sette the herte in champertye. With wischynge and with fantasye. GoKcr, MS. lbi<>. f. 92. CHAMPE. The field or ground in which any carving or bosses are placed. The cote ys rycheand well fyne. The champe ys now of redd satyne. MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 42. And other of sendale, C/iumped with cristalle. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f- 136. CHAMPERS. Hounds. Middleton. CHAMPEYNE. A kind of fine cloth, mentioned in MS. Cantab. Ff. i. 6, f. 141. CHAMPION. Same as Champaine, q. v. See Middleton, ii. 73 ; Two Angrie Women of Abington, p. 19 ; Tusser, ii, 7 ; Holinshed, Hist. Engl. p. 29. CHANCE. Tlie game of hazard. CHANCE-BAIRN. A bastard. North. Also called a chance-child, or chanceling. CH.ANCE-BONE. The huckle-bone. East. CHANDELEUSE. Candlemas-day. {Fr.) ClIANDRY. A place where candles were kept. See Harrison's Descr. of England, p. 197 ; Ordinances and Regulations, pp. 4, 20*, 47, 63, 82 ; Rutland Papers, p. 40. CH.\NE. FeU. {A.-N.) CH.\NELLE. A gutter. Prompt. Pan. CHANFROUS. Very fierce. North. CHANGE. (1) A shift. Var. dial. (2) To transpose. Palagrave. CHANGEABLE. Variegated, a term applied to silks and cloths. CHANGE-FACE. To blush. Why, to change face They say in modest maides are signes of grace. Heijwood's Rot/all King, 1037, sig. C. iv, CHANGELING. A child left or changed by the fairies for the parents' own child. It was either deformed, mischievous, or idiotic, and hence the term came to be generally appUed to a child having those quaUties. See Cot- grave, in V. Contrefaict, CHANGERWIFE. An itinerant female huck- ster. North. CHANGINGLY. Alternately. North. CHANKE. A dish in cookery, described in the Forme of Curv, p. 97. CHANKER. k chink. Dorset. CH ANKS. The under part of a pig's head. South. CHANNEL-BONE. See Camel-tone. Channel, the windpipe, Marlowe, i. 106. CHANNER. To scold. North. CHANNEST. To exchange. Extnoor. It is also explained, to ciiallenge. CHANTEMENT. Enchantment. Rob. Gloiic. CHANTEPLEURE. A sort of proverbial ex- pression for singing and weeping successively. (J.-N.) Roquefort gives the word explained, doulettr, affliction. CHANTER. (1) To mutter, line. (2) Part of a bagpipe. North. CHANTERIE. An endowment for the payment of a priest, to sing mass agreeably to the ap- pointment of the founder. (A.-N.) Chan- tryse, Tundale, p. 66 ; chaunterie, Ord. and Reg. p. 248. CHANTREL. A decoy partridge. Howell. CHAP. (1) A famihar term for a companion. An abbreviation of chapman. (2) A purchaser. Fairs in some part of the coun- try are called chap-fairs. An awkward chap, equivalent to the phrase an vgly customer. (3) A cliink. Baret. (4) A knock. Percy. CHAP-BOOK. A httle book printed for the purpose of being sold to hawkers. CHAPCHURCH. A parish clerk. North. CHAPE. (1) The extremity of a fox's tail. North. (2) The hook of a scabbard ; the metal part at the top. CHAPEL. A printing-house. See Holme's Academy of Armory, 1688 ; Life of Dr. Frank- lin, ed. 1819, p. 56. CHAPELLE. A chaplain. {Lat.) His cfiape'h- mette hyni at the dorc there. And wenle bifore hyra alle in fere. Archanlogia, xxii. 383. CHAPERON. A French hood. See Harrison's Descr. of England, p. 159 ; Fairholt's Pageants, i. 5; Strutt, ii. 185. CHAPETREL. The capital of a column. For he fande therin xl. pelers of massy golde, il- kane of a grete thiknesse, and a grete lenthe, with thaire chapytraUcs. MS. Linc'fln A. i. 17, f. 25. CH.\.PIN. A chopine. (Span.) " Chapins, or high pat ins richly silver'd or gilt," Howell. CHAPITLE. A chapter. (J.-N.) " To cha. pitle were i-drawe," Rob. Glouc. p. 473. Y trowe for sothe he slept ful lytyl, Whan he herde that grete chapytyl. MS. Harl. 1701, f. 52. CHAPMAN. A merchant, or buyer. {A..S.) CHAP-MONEY. That which is abated or given again by the seller on receiving money. CHAPPELLET. Asmallchapeh See Harrison's Descr. of Engl.tnd, p. 144. CHAPPING. Ground full of chinks and cre- vices, arisim? from drought. CHAPPYD. Chopt. Jfeber. CHAPS. Wrinkles. Craven. CHAPYDE. Escaped. Thare chapyde never no childe, cheftayne ne other. Morte Arthnre, MS. Lincoln, f. 97. CHAR. (1) A species of trout, caught in Win- dermere lake. {2) To char a laughter, to raise a mock laugh. A'orth. (3) Ajar. North. (4) .V work or business. That char is charred, that work is done. North. See Stevens' Old Plays, ii. 64; Middleton, iii. 237, iv. 382; Peele's Works, i. 127 ; Sir Thomas More, p. CHA 241 CHA 37 ; Boke of Curtasyc, p. 4 ; Chester Tlays, ii. 87; Towneley Myst. p. 106. Also, to hew stones. Char- woman, a woman liiretl l)y the day for miscellaneous work. And drowje his swerde prively. That thf chiUlc were not war Ar he had done that char. Cursor Mutiili, MS. Coll. Trin. Cantab, f. 20. CHARACTERY. 'Writing; expression. Shale. CHARBOKULL. A carhnncle. {A.-N.) CIIARCHE. Charge. .\u(lelav, p. 43. CHARD. A chart. Harrison, 'p. 33. CHARE. (1) To stop, or turn hack. North. To hinder, or withstand. Pr. Pan. (2) A narrow street. A'eivc. (3) To counterfeit. Norlh. (4) To separate the chaff from the com. South. (5) A chariot. (J.-N.) SeeSirTryamoure, 913 ; Apol. Loll. p. 44. Nay, sir, but 30 mot to him fare. He hath sent aftir the his chare ; We shul 50U make therynne a bed. Into Egipte 5e shul be led. Cursor Mundi, MS. Coll. Tiin. Canlab. f. 33. (6) A wall-flower. Cant. (7) To chase, or drive away. " Chare awey the crowe," Cov. Mvst. p. 325. CHARELY. Careful ; chan-, q. r. CHARE-THURSDAY. Maundy Thursday. CHARETS. Chariots. See Hohnshed, Hist. England, pp. 24, 28. Charret, Patterne of Painfull Adventures, p. 192. CHARGE. A load, burthen ; business, or mat- ter. {yl.-N.) As a verb, to weigh, or incline on account of weight. " Chylder wordys ar not to charge," are not to be much weighed or considered, Towneley Myst. p. 100. It often has the meaning, to weigh in one's mind. CHARGEANT. Bmihensome. (J.-N.) CHARGED. Ornamented ; bordered. CHARGEOUS. Troiddesome. (J.-N.) CH.^RGER. A large platter or dish, tharrjeon, Test. Vetust. p. 175. CHARINESS. Caution ; scrupulousness. Shak. CHARITOLS. Charitable. (^.-A'.) He Wiis ajenwarde vharitnus. Ant to pitlant. West. CHAKM. (1) A hum, or low murmuring noise. West. " A charm of birds," Peele's Works, i. 12, an expression also used by Milton. It may be doubted wliether the word here does not mean a compani/ of !)irds. A charm of goldfinches is a flock of those birds. See Strutt's Sports, p. 38. " I cherme as byrdes do whan they make a noyse a great nomber togythcr," Palsgrave. (2) To silence. CHARMED-MILK. Sour milk. North. "Lac serosum, agitatum, butter milke, charme milke," Nomenclator, p. 94. CHARMER. A magician. (.^.-A^.) CHARMERESSE. An enchantress. (.^.-.V.) CHARMING. Yen' well. Var. dial. CHARN-CURDLE." A churn-staff. North. CHARNELL. The crest of a helmet. See Meyriek, ii. 252 ; ILirrison's Descr. of Eng- land, p. 160 ; charneld, Brit. Bibl. i. 146. CH.\RNICO. A kind of sweet wine, made near Lisbon. Well, happy is the man doth rightly know The vertue of three cups of chamico. Rowlands Uumur Orditiarie, n. d, CHARRE. To return. W. Mapes, p. 348. CHARRED-DRINK. Drink turned sour by being put into the barrel before it is cold. Kent. CHARKEY. (1) Carts. {.4.-N.) (2) Dear; precious. North. CHARTEL. A challenge. CHARTERER. A freeholder. Chesh. CHARTER-MASTER. A man who, having un- dertaken to get coals or iron-stone at a certain price, emplovs men under him. CHARTER-PARTY. A bill of lading. CHARTHOUS. Carthusians. (^.-A'.) CHARWORT. See Bracku-ort. CHARY. Careful ; sparing ; cautious ; scrupu- lous. Var. dial. CHARYAWNT. Burdensome. Prompt. Parr. ClIARYOWRE. A charger, or large dish. Pr. Parv. CHASE. (1) A point at the game of tennis, be- yond that sti'uck by the adversary. See Urry's Chaucer, p. 542. According to Douce, the spot where a ball falls. " A chace on the wall, Jaire uue c/ia.swe an pied du mitry' Howell, sect, xwiii. which was marked on the wall. To chase, according to Holuie, to miss the second striking of the ball back. Sec Skclton, ii. 488; Jonson's Conversations, p. 30; Malone's Shell; espeare, xvii. 286; Florio, ed. 1611, p. 73. It would seem from Prompt. Paiv. p. 68, a chace was a spot marked in any game, ofjirulum, a diminutive of obe.r. At tennis for a chass and away, Imc your man, my hand and hart upon it. The Tell Tale, Dulwlch Collegti MS. (2) To pretend a laugh. North. (3) To cndiasc. ( or. Myst. (4) .\ wooil, or forest. CHASOUR. A hunter. {A.-N.) CHASSE. The common poppy. CHASTE. (1) Chastity. {A.-N.) 16 CHA 242 CHE (2) To chastise, or correct. (J.-N.) See Const. Freemason, p. 27; Octovian, 219 ; SirTristrem, p. 268 ; MS. Douce 52 ; Ritson's Auc. Pop. Poet. pp. 36, 51. (3) Trained, brolien in, a term applied to dogs and hounds. CHASTEDE. Chastity. (^.-A^.) CHASTELAIN. Tlie lord of a castle. (^.-A^.) Clias/lat/ne, Le Bone Florence of Rome, 1986; chattelains, Cotgrave, iu v. Dignite. CHASTEY. The chesnut. See a list of plants in MS. Sloane 5, f. 4. CHASTIE. To chastise. {A.-N.) Chasty .Wright's Seven Sages, p. 57. CHASTILET. A Uttle castle. {A.-N.) A pasty made iu that shape was also so called. See the Forme of Cury, p. 85. CHASTISE, to accuse. Also, to question closelv, particulai'ly as to some mischief done. West'. CHASTY. To chasten. {A.-N.) CHASYNG-SPERE. A hunting-spear. With a chaayng gpere he choppes doune many. Morte Arthuie, MS, Ltitcoht, f. 72. CHAT. (1) A small t«-ig, or fragment of any- thing. TVest. (2) A tell-tale. Devon. (3) A cat, or kitten. West. The firy chat he slouj withoute more, And of Archadie the cruel tusshy bore. MS. Digbi/ 230. (4) A child. Devon. CHATE. (1") A feast ; a treat. Essex. (2) A kind of waistcoat. CHATES. The gaUows. Harmon. CHATEUS. Chattels. (A.-y.) Alio chatews. See Rob. Glouc. pp. 18, 113. CH.\T-POTATOES. Small potatoes. Lane. CHATRE. To chatter. (A.-X.) CHATS. Catkins of trees. West. "Chattesof haselle," Maundevile, p. 168. CHATSOIIE. Talkative. Kent. CHATTER. To tear; to make ragged; to bruise. North. CH.VTTER-BASKET. A prattling child. Chat- ter-box. an incessant talker. CH.\TTERNOUL. A lubber. North. CHATTER-PIE. A magpie. Var.dial. CHATTER-WATER. Tea. Var. dial. CHATTERY. Stonv, or pebblv. Craven. CHATTOCKS. Refuse wood left in making faggots. Glouc. CHAUCER'S-JESTS. Incontinence in act or language ; probably from the licentious turn of some of that poet's tales. Nares. CHAUDRON. Part of the entrails of an ani- mal. Chaldrons, Middleton.iii. 55. Cliaundron, Ordinances and Reg. p. 96. Chawtherne, Topsell's Beasts, p. 90. CHAUFE. To warm ; to heat. {A.-N.) Also, to heat exceedingly, especially applied to the first stages of corruption. Jhesu, thi lufe me r.hn^ife within. So that nathynge bot the I seke. MS. Uncuin A. i. 17, f. 211. CHAUFRAIN. The head-piece of a barbed horse. Palsgrave. CHAULE. A jaw. West. " To cAaufr," to jaw or scold, Wright's Pol. Songs, p. 240. I shook hem bi the berdes so, That her chaules i-wraste in two. Cursor Mnniii, MS. Coll. Trin. Cantab, f. 47. CH.\UM. A chasm or cleft. Warw. CHAUiMPE-BATAILE. Battle in the open field. Kvng AUsaunder, 5553. CHAUNCELRIE. Chancery. {A.-N.) CHAUNCELY. Accidentally. {.4.-N.) CHAUNCEMELE. A shoe. Translated in Pr. Parv. p. 7 1 , by suitelarU; a word formed from talus. CHAUNCEPE. A shoeing horn. Pr. Parv. CHAUNDLER. A candlestick. A Sheffield word, given in Ray, ed. 1674, p. 10. CHAUNE. To gape, or open. {Fr.) CHAUNTEMENT. Enchantment. See Lybeaus Disconus, 1901 ; Rob. Glouc. p. 28. CHAUNTRE. A singer. {A.-N.) Dysposed be kynde to bee a cliautitye. MS. Cantab. Ff. i.6. f. 140. CHAVE. (1) I have. West. See Peele's Works. i. 8 ; Brit. Bibl. i. 108. (2) Chair. A3eyn the flum to fynde the chave. Corn there sltul we fynde to have. Cursor Mundi, MS. Cull. Trin. Cantab, f. 31). CHAVEL. A jaw. Sir Tris/rem. Chavyl, Y'waine and Gawin, 1991 ; chavyl-bon, Cov. Mvst. p. 37. To chew. Yorksh. CHA'VEPYS. See Chawdpys. CH.iVISH. (1) A chattering, prattling, or mur- muring noise. South. (2) Peevish ; fretful. Kent. CH.'VW. To be sulky. South. CHAW-BONE. The jaw-bone. Pakgrave. CH.\WCERS. Shoes. {A.-N.) CH.iWDEWYN. A dish in ancient cookerj-, a receipt for which is given iu MS. Sloane 1201, f. 63. CHAWDPYS. The strangury. {A.-N.) A re- ceipt for it is given in MS. Line. Med. f. 298. CIIAWE. To chew. Palsgrave. CH.^WELLED. Chewed. Line. CHAWFON. A chafing-dish. {A.-N.) CHAWMERE. A chamber. {A.-N.) CHAYERE. A chair. {A.-N.) CHAYME. A chain. Percy. CHAYS. Chase. Percy, p. 2. CHE. She. In the West country dialect, I. See Greene's Works, i. 96. CHEADLE-DOCK. The Senecio Jacobcea. CHEAN'CE. Turn ; fall ; chance. CHEAP. Cheapside. The old distinctions of East and West Cheap were not confined to what is now called Cheapside. CHEAPEN. To ask the price of any thmg. Salop. This explanation is from More's MS. additions to Ray. " I see you come to cheap, and not to buy," Heywood's Edward I\'. p. 66. " Cheap, to cheapen," Kennett, MS. Lansd. 1033. " I cheape, 1 demaunde the price of a thyng that I wolde bye," Palsgrave. CHE 213 CUE CHEAPS. Number. Ilelier. CHEAR. Look ; countenance. Peelc. CHEASIL. Bran. Topsell. CHEAT. Tlie second sort of wheateu bread, ranking next to manchet. Tbere were two kinds of cbeat bread, the best or fine cheat, mentioned in Ord. and Reg. p. 301, and tlie coarse cheat, ravelled bread, ib. 307. The second sort was, as Harrison expressly tells us, " used in the lialles of the noliibtie and gon- trie onelie," a fact which will readily explain a passage in Middleton, iii. 505, where Mr. Dyce has an unnecessarv' conjecture. " The second is the cheat or wheaton bread, so named bicause tlie colour therof resembleth the graic or yellowish wheat, being cleane and well dressed, and out of this is the coursest of the bran taken," Harrison, p. 168. See Arch. i. 8 ; Florio, in v. Itoffitto ; Rutland Papers, p. 98 ; Boke of Curtasve, p. 21. CHEATER. An'cscbeator. Shak. CHEATERS. False dice. Dekker. CHEATRY. Fraud ; villainy. North. CHECK. (1) To taunt; to reproach. East. Sec Percy's Reliques, p. 78. (2) In hawking, " is when she forsakes her pro- per game, and flies at crows, pyes, or the like, that crossetb her in her flight." Gent. Rec. ii. 62. The base game itself was also called check. (3) Florio has, " Boccheggiiire, to play or c/iecke with the mouth as some ill horses doe." (4) AVhen a hound stops of its own accord, hav- ing lost scent, he is said to check. (5) Equal ; on the same footing. CHECKED. Chapped. Suffolk. CHECKERE. A chess-board. (J.-N.) CHECKERED. A checkered sermon, one filled with Greek and Latin quotations. CHECKLING. Cackling; scolding. TTest. CHECKROLL. A roll or book containing the names of the senants in a ])a!ace or large mansion. " To put out of checkroll," to dis- miss a servant. The checkroll is well noticed in the Ord. and Reg. p. 230. CHECKSTONE. A game jjlayed by children with round small pebbles. It is mentioned in tlie earlv play of Apollo Shroving, 12mo. Lond. 1627, p. 49. CHEE. A hen-roost. Kent. CHEEP. " In chcef," in capite. CHEEK. To accuse. Line. CHEEK-BALLS. The round parts of the cheeks. CHEEKS. Door posts. See the Craven Glos- sary, i. 67 ; Nouicnclator, p. 212. C1\EEKS-.\N1J-EARS. A fantastic name for a ki.'d of head-dress, of temporary fashion. Narefi. CHEKK-TOOTH. A grinder. North. CIIEEN. Sprouted. Decon. CHEEP. To chirp. North. CHEER. To feast, or welcome one's friends. North. CHEERER. A glass of spirit and warm wat«r. North. CHEEKING. A merry-making. See Lam- barde's Perambulation, ed. 1596, p. 354 : Witbals, ed. 1608, p. 84. CHEERLY. Pleasant ; well-looking. CHEERTEE. Regard. Hoccleve. CHEESE. A bag of pummace from the cider- wring, far. dial. CHEESE-BRIGS. Two long pieces of wood, crossed towards the middle by two shorter ones, for the purpose of being placed over a large pan containing eream, to support the skimming bow 1 after it has been used, so that it may drip into the liquid below. Line. Also called a cheese-ladder. CHEESECAKE-GRASS. TrefoU. North. CHEESE-FATT. A machine in which the whey is passed from the curd in making cheese. ( 'hesse-late, a loft or floor to dry cheese on. Cheese-rack, a rack to dry cheese on. CHEESELOPE. Rennet. North. CHEESE-RUNNING. Lady's-bedstraw. South, CHEESES. The seeds of the common mallow. Far. dial. CHEESTE. Strife ; debate. (A.-S.) CHEEVING-BOLT. A bnch-pin. florio. CHEFE. (1) To obtain ; to arrive ; to succeed in any business. " Wele had me chefede," MS. Morte Arthure. (2) A sheaf of arrows. CHEFFERY. A small rent due to the lord of a district. See Ilolinshed, Conq. Ireland, p. 11. CHEFTANCE. Cbiefmen ; chieftains. U.-N.) CHEFTS. Chops of meat. North. CHEG. To gnaw. Northumb. CHEGE. A frolic. Kent. CHEGGLE. To chew or gnaw. North. CIIEITIF. A caitiff. Laugtoft, p. 177. CHEK. Fortune ; ill fortune. From the French echec ? CHEKE. (1) Choked. Tdtson. (2) Checked, as in the game of chess ; and hence used metaphorically. (3) A person, or fellow. Line. CHEKELATOUN. A kind of rich cloth. {.4.-N.) See Chaucer, Cant. T. 13G64. Also spelt cicla- toun, which is more correct. " Ciclatoun ant purpel pal," \Varton, i. 12. CHEKENVD. Choked; strangled. Pr. Pan. CHEKERE. The exchequer. Langtoft, p. 312. The game of chess, Rob. Glouc. p. 192. CHEKKEFULLE. Quite full. Chock-full is still in use in various counties. Charotttz cht-kkejutle changyde with goUle. ^f(^rt'! .irthtirg, SfS. Lincoln, f. 69. CIIEKLEW. Strangling.' .MS. Digby 185 reads chokeliir, and MS. Laud. 735 chekelew. Unto sti-lilK- bcw.irc htm of hcmj>t'n lane. For stL'lthe is mcilid with a chef^tcw bane. Orclem, his. Soc. .Inliq. 134, f. iii. CHEKONYS. Chickens. CIIEKYNE. To choke. Pr. Parv. CHEL. A churl. Pr. Parr. CHELAUNDUE. A goldfinch. {A.-N.) Sea Rom. of 111* *tose, HI, 663; Cocaygne, 95. CHE 244 CHE CHELD. Chilled ; cold. {A..S.) CHELDEZ. Shields of a boar. CHELE. Chill ; cold. (A.-S.) See Rob. Glouc. p. 7 ; Wright's Pol. Songs, p. 256. And make unto myselfe a whippe. With whiche, in many a thele and hete. My woful herte is so to bete. Cower, its. Soc. Antiq. 134, f. 85. For hungur, colde, thurste, and cheele, Id many a drede chaungeth hys thoghte. MS. Cantab. Ft. ii.38, f. 27. CHELL. I shall, ll'esf. CHELP. To chirp. Northampt. CHELTERED. Clotted ; coagiUated. North. CHELYNGE. The cod-fish. Pr. Pan. CHEM. A team of horses. West. CHEMENEY. A chimney. CHEMISE. A wall that Unes a work of sandy or loose earth. Bourne. CHENCHIP. Ruin. Audelay, p. 27. CHENE. The chin. (A.-S.) CHENILE. The henbaue. (^.-i\'.) CHENYS. Chains. Than Alexander garte bryngc many grete treez for to make a brygge of over that water appone schippez, and garte tye thame samene with cheftps of irene and trene naylez. Life (ifAIejanda-t MS. Lineoln, f. 15. CHEORLIS. Churls ;rK.4ics. {A.-S.) CHEP. (1) The part of a plough on which the share is pla-^ed. (2) Chance ; fortune ; success. Pr. Parr. CHEPE. (1) To cheapen; to buy. (A.-S.) Che- pede, marketed, sold. Cheper, a seller, Col- lier's Old Ballads, p. 5. (2) Cheapness. {A.-S.) A bargain, Towneley Myst. p. 102. (3) A sheep. Take a ehepes hert, and bryne it to powdre, and stampe it, and temper it up with oyle, and schave the hede, and anoynte it therwilh. MS. Med. Line. f. S8i. CHEPING. Market; sale. {A.-S.) Also, a marketplace. Citra forum, on that parte of the chepyng, MS. Bibl. Reg. 12 B. i. f. 103. Chepyn.1, Const. Mason, p. 40. CHEPOND. Selhng. {A.-S.) There he mony chapmen fond, DyVLTSe marchaundise chepond. Ctiraor Miwdi, MS. CM. Trin. Cantab, f. 91. CHEPSTER. A starUng. Xorth. CHEQUER-TREE. The service tree. Sussex. The fruit is called chequers. CHERCHE. A church. {A.-S.) CHERCHER. " Xij. cherchers off the myddylle sworte" are mentioned in an early inventoiy in MS. Cantab. Ff. i. 6, f. 58. CHERCOCK. The mistletoe thrush. Yorksh. CHERE. (1) Countenance; spirits; behaviour; entert.iinment. {.i.-N.) (2) A chair. (3) High. So explained by Hearne in gloss, to Rob. Glouc. p. 166. CHEREL. A churl; caii; serf; peasant. (^.-5.) " With the cherel sone gan he mete," Y'waine and Gawin, 612. More generally spelt chert. Cherld, Ritson's Anc. Songs, p. 37. CHERETE. Dearness; affection. (A.-N.) CHERICE. To cherish. {A.-N.) CHERISAN'CE. Comfort. {A.-N.) CHERKE. To creak. Pr. Pan. CHERLICH. Richlv; sumptuously. (.^.-A'.) CHERLISH. IlUberal. {A.-S.) CHERLYS-TRYACLE. GarUc. Arch. xxx. 405 CHEROF. Shrove; confessed. CHERRILET. A httle cherry. SeeDuBartas, quoted in Brit. Bibl. iv. 223, and p. 286. CHERRY. (1) Ruddy. Devon. (2) To cherish. Park. CHERRY-COBS. Cherrv-stones. West. CHERRY-CURD-MILK. Beastlings, q.v. Qxon. CHERRY-FAIR. Cberiy fairs are still held in Worcestershire and some other parts of the country on Sunday evenings, in the cherry orchards ; and being almost always a resort for lovers, and the gay portion of the lower classes, may appropriately retain their signi- ficant type of the uncertainty and vanity of the things of this world. See Audelay's Poems, p. 22 ; Lydgate's Minor Poems, p. 231 ; Ritson's Anc. Pop. Poet. p. 90 ; Skelton, i. 2 ; Gower, ed. 1532. f. 133. Thys worlde hyt ys fulle fekylle and frelo, .\\\q day be day hyt wylle enpayre; And £0 sone thys worldys wecle, Hyt faryth but as a chei-y feyre. MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 46. They prechen us in audience That no man schalle his souie empeyre. For alle is but a cheiye-fat/i-e. Goirer, MS. Soc. Aniiq. 134, f. 33. This life, my son, is but a e/te>y fare. Worldly ricches have ay in memory. MS. Bodl. 221. Therfore be the werldes wele. It farys as a efieri/ feyre. MS. Ashmole 61, f.6. CHERRY-PIT. A chUdish game, consisting of pitching cheny-stoncs into a small hole. It was also played with nuts in the same manner. CHERSED. Cherished. My dyscyple whycli y have cheraed Me to betraye hym have they hyred. MS. Harl. I/Ol, f. 86. CHERSID. Christened. {A.-N.) Off alle werkys in this worlde that ever were wrought. Holy chirche is chefe, there children been chersid : For be baptim these barncs to blisse been i-brought. Thorough the grace of God, and fayre refresshed. Leiandi Itin. ix. 200. CHERTE. Love. (^.-.V.) See the example quoted tmder .iperte. CHERVEN. To wnihe, or turn about. Prompt. Pari'. CHESBOKE. A poppy. The chync, the cholet, and the chaboke chene. MS. Colt. Calig. A. ii. f. 1. CHESE. (1) To choose. (A.-S.) (2) Saw. " Even til the begh bord he ckese," Svr Gowgbter, 312. CHESEBOLLE. A poppy. Never the le.ise that cure wirchippe and oure grete noblaye be snmwhate knawene to the, we sende the a male fulle of v/tesebotle side in takennyng therof. Luke if thou may nombir and telle alle CHE 245 CHI rhir cheiaebolU sedez. and if thou do thatt, thane may the folke of oure oste be nowmerd. MS. Lincoln A. i. 1", f. 9. CIIESFORD. A cheese vat. Nor/h. See Cotgrave in v. Cagerotte, Enclissp. CHESIBLE. A cope shorter than the prhicipal cope, not close, but open on either side, so that the priest who wore it liad tlic free use of liis hands. On the fore and liinder part of it was embroidered a large cross. It was worn at high mass by the priest and deacon. See the Test. Vetust. p. 50 ; Piers Ploughman, p. 117; St. Winifred, 78. CHESLE-MONEY. Roman brass coins found in some places in Gloucestershire, and so called by the country people. CHESLIP. A woodlo'use. Var. dial. CHESOUN. Reason; motive. {A.-N.) See Langtoft, pp. 129, 172; Sir Eglamour, 1261. The kynge had no chenowne. MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 73. Why he hem dyd and for what chesun, Of alle behovelli hym to jelde a resoun. MS. Hart. 1701, f. 38. CHESS. (1) To crack. Line. (2) To pile up. Craven. " Thre dies chambre," three chambers one over the other, Towneley Mvst. p. 27. CIIESSIL. Gravel, or pebbles. (.^.-5.) " Chesill, a hank of sand," Kennett, MS. Lansd. 1033. Cheselys, pebbles on the sea shore, or grains of sand, Cov. Myst. p. 56. A kind of sandy and clayey earth is called chessom. CllESSNER. A chess-player. Middlettm. CHEST. (1) A coffin. (Lat.) Chestid, placed in a coffin, Arch. v. 234. Cf. Lydgale, MS. See. Antiq. 13-1, f. 8. To pray for hym that lyeth nowe in his chest To God aboven, to yeve liis sowle good rcste. Uidgate, MS. Aahmcic 39, f. 48. 2) Chaste. Weber. 3) Chased ; pursued. {A.-N.) CHESTE. Strife; debate. (A.-S.) See Lang- toft, p. 19; Arthour and Merlin, p. 113; Gowcr, ed. 1554, f. 49 ; Kyng Alisaundcr, 29. To fy5te or to make cUeatc, It thoujte them thannc not honestc. Guwer, MS. Soc. Aniiq. 134, f. 3S. And so wolde I my wordis plyc, That myjten wrathtlic an vhette avale. MS. Il,irl. f. (17. CHESTEINE. Thechesnut. {A.-N.) Cheslayu tree, Syr Gowghter, 71 ; ehestayne, Palsgrave, f. 24 ; ehesteynen, Maundevilc, ]>. 307 ; l.y- bcaus Disconus, 1191; chcsten, Cooper, in v. Aesculiui ; Ilollyband's Dictionarie, 1593. CHESTER. A person who embalms, or places corpses in coffins, tluloel. CHESTS. Chess. "The playc at c/ie.s7i.," Nomenclator, p. 293. CHEST-TRAP. A kind of trap used for taking |)olc-cat8, S:c. CHET. A kitten. South. CHETE. (1) Tocut. {A.-N.) (2) To escheat. Pr. Parv. CMETYLE. A kettle. Prompt. Pan:. CHEURE. To work or char, ll'illt. CHEVACHIE. An expedition. {A.-N.j CHEVALRIE. Knighthood. {A.-N.) CHEVALROUS. Valiant. {A.-N.) ClIEVE. To compass a thing, succeed, or bring to an end; to thrive; to obtain, adopt. {A.-N.) Still used in the North of England. Howsomever that it cfiere. The knyght takis his leve. Sir Dcgrevant, Litifoln MS. Scripture saith heritage h(ddyn wrongfully Schal never cheve, ne with the thrcd hcyr rcmayne. MS. Sue. Antiq. llll.f. 98. CHEVELURE. A penike. (.^.-A'.) CllEVEN. A blockhead. Nortfi. CHE^ENTEYN. A chieftain. {A.-N.) See Rob. Glouc. p. 24 ; Maundevile, p. 3 ; Ritson's Anc. Songs, p. 19. Cheventene, Sir Degre- vant, 243. CHEVERE. To shake or shiver. See Hawkins' Engl. Dram. i. 19; Dighy Myst. p. 21. " Thair shaftes eheverd" broke to pieces, Ywaine and Gawin, 637. " I hafe cheveride for chele," MS. Morte .Vrthure, f. 89. CHEVERIL. Kid leather. {Fr.) Hence a very flexiljle conscience was constantly called a cheveril conscience. " Proverbialc est, he hath a conscience like a eheverel's skin, i. e. it will stretch," Upton's MS. add. to Junius. " A large chereril conscience," Optick Glasse of Humors, 1639, p. 41. ClIEVERON. A kind of lace, the method of making which is described in MS. Harl. 2320. CHEVESAILE. A necklace. {A.-N.) CHEVICE. To bear up. {A.-N.) CIIEVING. Success; completion. {A.-N.) " Ewll chevynge," Cocke Lorelles Bote, p. 2. CHEViSANCE. Treaty; agreement. (.^.-A'.) See Lydgate's Minor Poems, pp. 34, 77, 255 ; Chaucer, Cant. T. 13259,13277, 13321; Piers Ploughman, pp. 92, 420 ; Collier's Hist. Dram. Poet. ii. 291; Rutlaiui Papers, p. 118; Thynne's Debate, p. 24. It appears some- times to mean gaiti or booty, and is translated by providencia in Pr. Parv. CIIEVISH. To bargain ; to provide. {A.-N.) CIIKVORELI.. The herb chervil. CHEWEN. To eschew. {A.-N.) CIIEW'KR. A narrow passage. West, CHEWERS. Chares or tasks. Devon. CHEWERYES. Cherries. See a receipt in the I'orme of Cury, p. 33. CIIKWET. A small pie. See Forme of Curv', p. 83; Ord. and Reg. pp. 317, 442; MidiUe- tiin, iii. 273 ; Warner's .\ntiq. CuUn. p. 65. niEWRKE-UlNG. To assist servants. Wiltt. CllEYLE. Cold; chill. {A.-S.) For many a way y have y-goo, In hungur, thurslo, thcj/lp, and woo. M.S. Cantab. Ff. 11. 38, f. 4a CHEYNES. Chains. Maundevile. CHEZ. To choose. Nort/i. CIIIIUiAI.S. Onions. {A.-N.) ( lllliDKR. Children. Derby„h. ClIIHE. A kind of onion. North. ('ilIC"E. A small jiortion. Etme.r. CIIICUE. Niggardly; sparing. {A.-N.) Sc« CHI 246 CHI Rom. of the Rose, 5588. So clihhevache, a lean spare cow. Chiche-faced, leau baby- faced, Craven Gloss. CHICHELINGS. Vetches. North. CHICK. To germinate. Also, to crack ; a crack, or flaw. East. CHICKABIDDY. A young chicken. Var. dial. CHICKELL. The -nheat-ear. Devon. CHICKENCHOW. A swing. North. CHICKEN-PEEPER. A chicken just peeping from the shell. See Lilly's Endimion, ed. 1632, sig. F. i. CHICKEN'S-ME.^T. According to Forby, the chick-weed, but chickne-mete occurs in an early list of plants in MS. Harl. 9"8, trans- lated by intiba, the endive. Dross corn is also called chickcn's-meat. CHIDDEN. Wrangled ; quarrelled. {A.-S.) CHIDDLENS. Chitterlings. Wilts. CHIDE. To make an incessant noise. " I chyde, I multyplye langage with a person, Je teiice," Palsgrave. It is constantly used without any reference to quarrelling. Palsgrave hr.s, " chidyng, altercation, noise," the word occur- ring in the latter sense in Shakespeare. CHIDERESSE. A female scold. (^.-S.) CHIDESTER. See ( hideresse. CHID-LAMB. A female Iamb. South. CHIEL. A voung fellow. North. CHIERTEE.' Tenderness; affection. (A.-N.) Chyerte, Morte d' Arthur, ii. 408. CHIEVE. (1) See Cheve. (2) " Jpex, stamen, the chieve or litle threds of flowers, as in gillofcrs, lillies," Nomeuclator, p. 112. CHIFE. A fragment. SiiffolL CHIG. To chew. Also a substantive, a quid of tobacco. Hence metaphorically, to ruminate upon. North. Sometimes pronounced chiggle. CHIKE. A chicken. {A.-S.) Hence applied to acliild, Se\Tn Sages, 2159. CHIL. A child. ^Ritson. CHILBLADDER. A chilblain. South. CHILD. (1) A youth trained to arms; aknight. This is not an unusual meaning of the word in old romances. (2) A girl. Devon. " A boy or a child, I won- der," Winter's Talc, iii. 3. CHILDAGE. Cliildhood. East. CHILDE. Tobedeliveredofachild. Correspond- ing to the French enfanter. See Chester Plays, i. 112; Maundevile's Travels, p. 133 ; Gesta Rom. 166. Harrison, Descr. of England, p. i 233, speaking of saffron, says, " in this period of time also the heads are said to child, that is, to yeeld out of some parts of them diverse other headlets." This passage confirms an observation by White in ilalone's Shakespeare, V. 220. And howe a maytle in hir virginite Might also childe, and a modir be. MS. .-Ishmole 39, f. 58. The more dou5tir childiiie a sone, and depide his name Moab He is the fadir of men of Moab unto this present dai : and the Iessedoujtirc/iiWi CHILD-GERED. Of childish manners. {A.-S.) CHILDING. Bringing forth a child. Childing- woman, a breeding woman. Hence childiiig, productive, in Shakespeare. In hire cfii!d;/nge to fele no penaunee, Sithe sche was Iwthe mayde, modir and wyf. Lydgttte, MS. Soe. Antiq. IM, f . 9. Whiche the goddesse of childi/nge is, .^nd clepid was by name Isis. Goiter, MS. Ibid. f. 43. CHILDLY. Childish. Hocchte. CHILDNESS. Childishness. Shak. CHILDRE. Children. (.^.-5.) Very common in the provincial dialects. Childred, family, Plumptou Corr. p. 143. So itt happenyd, as foitune wold, that con of the ehUdre of the sowdeyn come as the wynde drove hym. .US. Digbsi 185. Of alle wemen that ever were borne Tiiat here chylder, abyde and see. ilfS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 47. CHILDWIT. A fine paid to the Saxon lord when his bondwoman was unlawfidly got with child ; and now within the manor of Writtle, CO. Essex, every reputed father of a base child pays to the lord for a fine 3s. id. which cus- tom is there still called childwit. Kennett, MS. Lansd. 1033. CHILE. A blade of grass. Leic. CHILL. (1) To take the chill off liquor by warming it. Var. dial. (2) A cold. Dorset. (3) I will. Somerset. CHILLERY. ChiUy. Kent. In Romeus and Juliet, p. 71, we have chillish, which is still in use in the provinces. CH1L\T:R. An ewe-sheep. IVesf. Properly one year old, and also applied to ewe mutton. CHIMBE. (1) The prominent part of the staves bevond the head of a barrel. (.i.-5.) (2) To chime, as bfUs. {A.-S.) CHIMBLE. To gnaw. Buds. Fragments so made are called chimbUngs. CHIMBLER. a chminey. "" A'orM. More usu- ally perhaps chimbley, and in some dialects chimdy. CHIMENEY. a fire-place. {A.-N.) Than was ther on a chf/menay A gret fyr that brente rede. MS. .Jshmole 33, f. 29. CHIMER. To shiver. {A.-S.) CHIMICKE. A chemist. Florio. CHIMING. A certain kind of light perceived when we wake in the uight or rise suddenly. CHIMINGNESS. Melodiousness. Fairfax! CHIMLEY. A chimney or fire-place. Tbisfonn, which is very common in the provinces, oc- curs in an old inventory printed in Croft's Excerpta Antiqiia, p. 25. CHIMP. A voung shoot. Dorset. CHI.MPINGS. Grits. North. CHIMY. A smock ; a shift. South. CHIN-B.\ND. A kind of lace, generally twisted, which fastened the bat or cap under the chin. CHINBOWDASH. The tie of the cravat. Dorset. CHINCHE. A miser. {A.-N.) " God es no CHI 247 ehi/nc/ie of his grace," MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 241. C/iyncherile, Skehon. Every avowter or unclene man that Is a glotun or ehvnehe schal never have erytage in the rewme of Cryst. Wimbelton't Sermon, 1388, itS. Hatton 57, p. 32. CHINCHEL. A small hammer. Craven. CHINCHERIE. Niggarduess. {A.-X.) And amoDge other thingis that jowre wilne. Be infecte with no wrecchid chincherie. Occltve, US. Soc. Aniii. 134, f. 278. CHINCHONE. The herb groundsel. CHINCHY. Niggardly. (J.-N.) CIIIN-CLOUT. A sort of muffler. CHIN-COUGH. The hooping-cough. Var. dial. CHINE. (1) Same as CAimie (1). See Ordi- nances and Regulations, p. 29.'). Chine-hoop, the extreme hoop which keeps the ends of the staves together, and is commonly of iron. According to Kennett, the chine-hoops are the middle hoops. (2) A kind of salmon. " Troutes, or chi/ne sal- mon," Ord. and Reg. p. 181. (3) A chink or cleft. In the Isle of M'ight, a small ravine is so called. See Harrison's Descr. of Britaine, p. 31. "I chyne as the yerthe dothe whan it openeth in the sommer season for great drought," Palsgrave. CHINED. Broken in the back. Chined his back, i. e. broke his back. CHINESES. The Chinese people. CHING. A king. Hob. Glouc. CHINGLE. Gravel; shingle. En-f. Hence chingly, abounding in gravel or grit. CHINK. (1) A chaffinch. «>.s/. (2) Money. Var. dial. The term occurs in Stanihurst's Description of Ireland, p. 22. " Dad or father, some money or chinke, as children use to say," Florio,ed. IGll, p. 355. " Have chinks in thy purse," Tusser, p. 191. (3) A sprain on the back. East. ^4) To cut into small pieces. East. To loosen or separate earth for the purpose of planting. " Chynken or gape, as the ground dooth with dr)cth," Huloet, 1552. CHINNY-MU.MPS. A rude kind of music caused by beating the chin with the knuckles, and by the rattling of the teeth causing sounds in time. Yorish. CHIP. (1) To break, or crack. An egg is said to chip when the young bird cracks the shell. North. (2) To trip. North. (3) The ciy of the bat. (4) To cut bread into slices. CHIPPE. A ship. " Within chippe-burdez," on board vessels, MS. Morte Arthure, f. 71. " Sevene skorc chippes," ib. f 90. The lady inlllle thair chippie thay hcnte. MS. Linc<,ln A. 1. 17, f. 101. CHIPPER. To chirp. East. ClIIPPINGS. Fragments of bread. North. See Ord. and Keg. p. 32.* Chipping-knife, a knife to cut bread with, ib. p. 294. Chijiper, a per- son who cuts bread, ib. p. 233. CHIP-UP. To recover. East. CHI CHIQUINIE. A sequin, an Italian coin. CIIIRCHE. A church. {A ..S) CIIIRCHON. Churches. Rob. Glouc. p. 132. CHIRE. (1) To feast, or make cheer. Hall. (2) A blade of grass or any plant. " Chyer of grasse," Drayton's Harmonic, 1591. CHIRISTANE. A cherry-stone. " Chiristane kimels," Rcliq. Antiq. i. 52. Chirston, Gy of Warwikc, p. 367. CHIRK. To chirp. {A.-S.) " Chvrkvd faste," Dial. Great. Moral, p. 144. Applied to the noises of various animals. CHIRM. The melancholy under-tone of a bird previous to a storm. North. " Chynne or chur, as byrdcs do," Huloet, 1552. CHIRRE. To chirp. Herrick. cms. Chose. IVeber. CHISAN. A dish in ancient cookery, described in the Ord. and Reg. p. 448. Chysanne, Forme of Cury, p. 51. CHISEL. Bran ; coarse flour. Line. C11ISM.\TE. Quarrelling? Of rebellyones, insurrectlones, and false ch'tmatc, Thay were ever war of on eche parte. -MS. Lantd. 208, f. 19. CIIISSOM. To germinate. IVest. CHISTE. A chest. (Lat.) CHIT. (1) To germinate. The first sprouts of anytliing are called chits. (2) A forward child. Var. dial. (3) " Chyts in the face lyke unto wartes, which is a kyndc of pulse, lenticitla," Huloet, 1552 CHITE. To scold. (A.-N.) CIIITRE. To chiri). " Cliitcring of briddis," Apol. Loll. p. 92. But sche with.iUe no wordc may soune. But cAifre as a brid jargowne. Cower, 3IS. Soc. .rinlig. 134, f. ]6.'l. CIIITT. A kind of bird, mentioned in Archjeo- logia, xiii. 350. CIIITTER. (1) To shiver, or tremble. North. " Chytteryng, quiveryng, or shakvng for cold, i/ui^rcerii.i," Huloet, 1552. (2) To chiqi. Palsgrave. CHITTERLINGS. The small entrails. The frill of a shirt when ironed flat, is sometimes called a chitterlin shirt, being somewhat of the same appearance. See the New Bath Guide, ed. 1830, p. 83. Stubb seems to use the term for some kind of ornamental fringe. A small child is_ called a chilterlimj in Cotton's Works, cd. 1734, p. 264. Part of the giblets or entrails of a goose are called chillers in the North of England. CHITTING. Seed laid to chit, when it first shoots its small roots in the earth. Morc's MS. add. to R.iy. CHITTYFACED. Baby-faced. Var. dial. Chittj-- face is used by our old writers as a term of contempt, not necessarilv convcring the idea of leanness. See the Downfall of Robert Earl of Huntingdon, p. 80 ; Cotgrave, in v. Chiche- face. CHIVAL. A horse. (Fr.) Upon the captive ehtmlt came Into my tent* aftaine. Turbmllt't Ovid, 1567, f. H». CHO 248 CHO CHIVAUCHE. An expedition. {A.-N.) CHIVER. To shiver. (J.-S.) CHIVES. Chits of grass. Leic. " Chyre of safron or suche lyke," Palsgrave. CHIVY. To chase; to pursue. Also a sub- stantive. Possibly the same with chiven, Robin Hood, ii. 68. CHIZEN. To munch. Line. CHIZZLY. Hard ; harsh and dry. fas/. CHOAK-DAMP. Foul air in a colliery. North. CHOAKING-PIE. A trick played on a hea\7 sleeper by lighting a piece of cotton and hold- it to his nose. CHOAK-PEAR. A cant term for a small piece of copper money. CHOANE. A small fracture, or cleft. CHOATY. Fat ; chubhy. Kent. CHOBBIN'S. Grains of unripened wheat leftin the chaff, called in Suffolk chobs. CHOCK. (1) To choke. Sussex. (2) A part of a neck of veal. (3) A piece of wood. North. CHOCKLING. Hectoring ; scolding. Rcmoor. CHOCKLY". Choky ; Ars. Sussex. CHODE. Chided. Miege. CHOFF. Stern ; morose. Kent. CHOFFE. A churl. Pr. Parv. CHOGS. The cuttings of hop plants when dressed in the spring. South. CHOn^E. To overreach. Yorish. CHOKELIXG. Chuckhng. Chaucer. CHOKES. The throat. Northumb. CHOKKE. To push, or pass tlirough. (A.-N.) CHOL. The jole; head; jaws. {.4.-S.) It is explained in a MS. Somersetshire glossarv' penes me, " that part extending from beneath the chin and throat from ear to ear," which seems to he the meaning of cliolle in Weber's Met. Rom. iii. 315 ; Bevesof Ilamtoun, pp. 96, 104. See Reliq. Antiq. i. 59; Y'waine and Gawin, 1994. CHOLEDE. Suffered. Probably an error for tholede in Rob. Glouc. p. 647. CHOLER. Soot. North. CHOLICKY. Choleric. East. CHOLLER. A double chin. North. CHOLT-HEADED. Thick-headed. " Cholt- headed felow, whose heade is as greate as a betle or mall, fuditanus," Huloet, 1552. CHOMP. To chew ; to crush. North. CHON. To break. See Arthour and Merlin, p. 287, " tho that deth her hert c7ton.'' CHONCE. To cheat. Demi. CHONGET. Changed. {.4.-S.) Chongy, to change. " He nel chongy for no newe," MS. Harl. in Wright's Songs and Carols. CHOOL. I will. Somerset. CHOONERIN'G. Grumbling. Lane. CHOOR. See Char (4). CHOORE. Thirty bushels of flour or meal, ac- cording to the Liber Niger Domus Edw. IV. p. 16. CIIOORY. To work, or char. Somerset. CHOOSING-STICK. A dirining-rod. Somerset. C;H0P. (1) To flog. Essex. (2) To exchange, or barter, far. dial. (3) To meet by chance. North. (4) To put in. North. " Chopt up in prison," put in prison, True Tragedie of Richard III. p. 31. CHOPCHERRY. A game in which a cherry is snatched for, alluded to in the Hesperides, Herrick's Works, i. 198. CHOPCHURCHES. Secular priests who gained money by exchanging their benefices. See Kennett's Glossarv, p. 44. CHOP-LOGGERHEAD. An intense blockhead. East. CHOP-LOGICK. A person who is very argu- mentative. Fraternitve of Vacabondes, 1575. CHOPPER. A cheek of bacon. Hants. CHOPPINE. (1) A clog or clog patten, or Ught framework, covered with leather, and worn Tuider the shoe. They were not worn in this country except on fancy occasions, hut were common in Venice, Spain, and other places. " Chioppiens for short," Strode's Floating Island, sig. C. (2) A quart measiu-e. North. CHOPPING. Fat; lusty. North. CHORE. A narrow passage between two houses. A Wiltshire word given in MS. Lansd. 1033, f. 2. Chare is still used at Newcastle in the same sense. CHORK. Saturated or soaked with water. Northumb. CHORLE. A churl. Ritson. CHOSES. Excuses. Plumpton Corr. p. 198. CHOSLINGES. Chosen people. {A..S.) Quen he to pin him-selfen did For his clioslinges on rod tre. .VS. Corf. VeapM. A. iii. f. 10. CHOUCHE. A couch. CHOUGH. A bird like a jackdaw, wliich fre- quents rocks by the sea-side. Sometimes a a young crow was so called. " Choughe, a yong crowe, conteille," Palsgrave. CHOULE. A jaw. North. Tliis form is found in Audelay's Poems, p. 77. The crop of a bird is also so called. The strap of the bridle under the jaw is called the choul-band. CHOUNGE. Exchange. Weber. CHOUNTING. QuarrelMng. Exmoor. CHOUXTISH. Siu-lv. Devm. CHOUPS. Hips. The fruit of briars. North. CHOUSLE. To munch. Line. CHOUT. A frohc, or merr>-maldng. Eatt. CHOVE. To sweep. (A.-N.) CHOVY. A kind of smaU beetle. East. CHOW. (1) To grumble. North. (2) To chew. Var. dial. CHOWDER. A fish-seller. Devon. CHOWFIXGED. A stupid feUow. Lane. CHOWRE. To grumble or mutter. Somerft. But when the crabbed nurce Beginnes to chide and chtnvre. With heavie heart I takemy course To seawarde from the towre. Tiirherile's Omd, 1567, f. 123. CHOWSE. To cheat. Var. dial. CHOWTER. To grumble or scold. Decon. CHU 249 CHU CHOYS. Shoes. See the Howard Household Books, p. 48. CHRISECOLL. Crjstal.' See Euphues Golden Legacie, ap. Collier, p. 78. Perhaps the same with chryaucoUa, Harrison's Descr. of England, p. 236. CHRISOME. Signifies properly the white cloth which is set hy the minister of haptism upon the head of a child newly anointed with chrism after his haptism : now it is \-ulgarly taken for the white cloth put ahout or ui)on a child newly christened, in token of his bap- tism, wherewith the women use to shroud the child if dying within the mouth ; otherwise it is usually brought to church at the day of Purification. ( hrisoms iu the bills of mortality are such children as die within the month of birth, because during that time they use to wear the chrisom-cloth ; and iu some parts of England, a calf killed before it is a month old is called a chrisom-calf. Blount. The anoint- ing ointment was also called chrisomc. "Wyth crysume enoyntede," MS. Morte Aithure, f. 54, reference being made to a coronation. " Oile and criame," Leg. Catbol. p. 243. CHRIST CROSS. The alphabet. One eariy school lesson, preserved in MS. Rawl. 1032, commences, " Christe crosse me spede in alle my worke," which seems to be alluded to in the Boke of Curtasye, p. 7. The signature of a person who cannot write is also so called. CHRISTENDOM. A cliristian name. Shak. CHRISTENMESSE. Christmas. CHRISTENTYE. Christendom. Percy. CHRISTIAN-HORSES. Sedan chairmen. Newc. CHRISTLINGS. A small sort of plum. Devon. CHRISTMAS. Holly, with which houses are decorated at Christmas. CHRISTMAS-BOXES. Boxes for money car- ried by poor men at Christmas to solicit con- tributions. Boxes being now no longer used the term is still retained for the contributions. Our first explanation is gathered from Melton's SixeFold Politician, 160U, ]). 1«1. CHRISTMAS-LORD. The lord of misrule. See Stanihurst's Descr. of Ireland, p. 40. CHRIST-TIDE. Christmas. In MS. Addit. 1040G, f. 4, is a payment " to the poore at Crintide and Easter." CHUBBY. (1) Surly; angry. East. (2) Fat ; swelling. Var. dial. CHUCK. (I) A great chip. Stisscr. (2) A hen. Craeen. (3) A term of endearment. Sometimes, a wife. Earle's Microcosm, p. 184. (4) A sea-shell. North. Chucks, a game played with five of them. (5) To toss ; to throw. Var. dial. CHUCKER. Cosily. Su.iiiex. CHUCKERS. Potions of ardent spirits. North. CHUCKKARTIIING. A game described by Striitt.p. 38G. It is alluded to in Peregrine Pickle, ch. xvi. ClllCK-FULL. Quite full. fVarw. CHUCKIL. A hen. Craveti. CHUCKLE-HEAD. A fool. Devon. CHUCKS. (1) The cheeks. Benon. (2) Pinched grains in the husk. Dorset. CHUFF. (1) A term of reproach, often applied to an old miser. See liorio, in v. AtarAne; Nash's Pierce Penniless, p. 11; Forde's Tracts, p. II. Clmffer, Towneley Myst. p. 216. (2) Churlish ; surly. Var. dial. (3) A cheek, t'otgrave. CIIUFFY. Fat and fleshy. East. Cotgrave has the word in v. Dodu. CHULLE. To bandy about. We hafe bene chased to daye and cUiiUede as hares, Rebuyked with Romaynes appone theire ryche stedcz. Mwte Arthure, MS. Lincoltlt {. (iU. The worll makus a mon to ryse and falle. And chult'-s hym as men don a balle. That is casten fro hande to hande. MS. Bib. Reg. 1? B. xvii. f. 142. CHUM. (1) A bedfellow. Var. dial. (2) To chew tobacco, ilier/e. CHUMMING-UP. A ceremony practised at some prisons on the arrival of a new comer, who is welcomed with the music of old swords and staves, and is afterwards expected to pay a small sum of money as the price of admission to their company. CHUMP. A log of wood for burning. ".Vgreat chip," according to Urry's MS. adchtions to Ray. The thick end of a surloin of beef is called the chump end. CHUMPY. Small ; stunted. Line. CHUMS. Fragments of brick, the smallest used by masons. CHUN. A bad woman. West. CIIUNCH. Sulky. Line. CHUNK. (1) A log of wood. Kent. (2) To chuck one under the chin. Kent. CHUNTER. To complain ; to grumble ; to mut- ter. Also spelt chunner and chunder. CHURCH-ALE. A wake, a feast in commemo- ration of the dedication of a church. CHURCH-CLERK. A parish-clerk. East. CIIURCHEARD. A church-vard. ^ok/A. CHURCHE-tiANG. Church-going. Rob. Glouc. CHURCllHAW. Achurch-yard. (.:/.-«.) Chirche- hawe, Sevyn Sages, 2625. ( hyrche-haye ue- curs in an early MS. quoted in Prompt. Pan-, p. 221, and was in use in the seventeenth cen- tury, as ai)pears from Lhuyd's MS. additions to Ray in Mas. Ashmol. Also called a church- garth. CHURCHING. The church-service, not the particnhir office so called. East. CIlURCll-LITTEN. Achurch-yard, or burial ground. Hist .'^ussej: '• When he come into that chirche-lytloun tho," Chron. Vilodun. p. 114. CHURCHMAN. An officiating minister. Var. dial. CHURCH-MASTERS. Church-wardens. North. ClIURCH-REVE. A church-warden. {A.-S.) CHURCH-SCOT. Payment or contribution ta the church. Kennett. CHURCH-STILE. A pulpit. North. 16« CID 250 CIV CHURCH-TOWN. A village near the church. SouiA. CHURCHWARDEN. A cormorant. South. CHURCHWORT. The herb penn>Toyal. CHURL. The wallflower. Salojj. CHURL'S-TREACLE. Allium, or garhc. CHURLY. Cheerless, applied to prospect J rough, applied to weather. Yorish. CHURN-DASH. The staff beloagiug toachum. Nort/i. CllURNEL. An enlargement of the glands of the neck. North. CHURN-GOTTING. A harvest-supper. North. CHURN-MILK. Buttermilk. East. CHURN-SUPPER. A supper given to the la- bourers at the conclusion of the harvest. North. CHURRE. Some kind of bird, species unknown, mentioned in Arch. .\iii. 350. CHURRING. The noise made by a partridge in rising. North. See Cotgrave, in v. Cabab. CHURTY. Rocky soil ; mineral. Ketit. The word chart, which is in the names of some locaUties in Kent, is supposed to be connected with this term. CHUSE. To reprehend, or find fault. {A.-N.) Maundevile, p. 221. CHUSE-BUT. To avoid. Northnmb. CHUSEREL. A debauched fellow. South. CHUTE. A steep hilly road. /. Wight. CHWOT. Dressed. Somerset. CHYCONES. Chickens. This form occurs in MS. Bm-ney 356, f. 99. CHYDDER. To shiver. Skelton. CHYFE. Chief. Percv, p. 46. CHYKKY'NE. To chirp. Pr. Pan. CHYLDERIN. ChUihen. {.4.-S.) CHYMBE. A cymbal. (A.-S.) -As a chymbe or a brazen belle, That nouther con undirstonde ny telle. CwsorMunili, .U.S. Cull. Triii. Cantab. {. 76. CHY'MMER. A gown cut down the middle, and generally used only by persons of rank and opulence. Archaeologia, xx.\. 17. CHYMOL. A hinge. Arch. x. 93. CHY'N. The chine, or back. Weber, CHYNE. A chain. iMwjtoft. CHYNGYL. ^ shingle of wood. CHYPPE. To carp at. In wordys men weren never so wyce. As now to chyppe at wordys of reson. MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 23. CHYRYSE. Cherries. CHYS. Choice ; select. See ReUq. Antiq. i. 123 ; Gov. Myst. p. 180. CHYSTES. Chests. Weber. CHYTE. To chide. Towneley Myst. CHYVELEN. To become shrivelled. CICELY". Cow parsley. North. CICHLING. Vetches. North. CICILLi. The name of an ancient dance. See the Shak. Soc. Papers, i. 26 ; Brit. Bibl. ii. 610. CIDDLE. To tickle. Kent. CIDE. To decide. South. CIDERAGE. The herlj arsmart. CIERGES. Wax tapers. (^.-A^.) CIFTE. A sieve. Pr. Parv. CILE. To seel or sew up the eyeUds of a hawk. CILVERYN. To silver over. Pr. Pan. CIMBICK. A miserly fellow. {A.-N.) CIMICE. Awall-louse. {Ital.) CINCATER. A person who has entered his fiftieth year. CINGLET. A waistcoat. North. CINGULAR. A wild boar in its fifth year. Hou-ell. CINOPER. Cinnabar. Jonson. CINQUE-PACE. A kind of dance, the steps of whicb were regulated by the number five. See Thynne's Debate, p. 52 ; Collier's Shak. iii. 335. CINQUE-PORT. A kind of fishing-net, ha\ing five entrances. CINQUETALE. A quintal. See Burgon's Life of Gresham, i. 69. CINTER. The centering of an arch. See Cot- grave, in V. Douvelle. CIPE. A great basket. Berks. CIPIOUN. Scipio. Chaucer. CIPPUS. The stocks or pillory. Ben Jonson. Cf. Blount, in v. CIPRESS. A fine kind of gauze, very similar to crape. " Cj'pres for a womans necke, cres^e," Palsgrave. CIRCLET. Around piece of wood put undera dish at table. North. CIRCLING-BOY'. A roaring boy. Jora-on. CIRCOT. A surcoat. Hardyng. CIRCUDRIE. Arrogance; conceit. {A.-N.) MS. Ashmole 59 reads sur^iyd. O where is all Ihe transetorie fame Of pompeand pride and cirtsudi-ie in fere. Lytlgaie, .MS. Ashm,.le 39, f. 28. CIRCUIT. A circle or crown. Shak. CIRCUMBENDIBUS. A circuitous round- about wav. Var. dial. CIRCUMCI'DE. To cut or pare off. {Lat.) So prudently with vertu us provide, Oure vices alle thai we may cii-ctitticide. Lydgale, MS. Soc. Antiq. 134, f. 22. CIRCUMSTANCE. Conduct ; detail. Shak. CIRNE. The lote-tree. " Cirnetre, alier" Re- liq. Antiq. ii. 82. CISS. Cicely. Tusser. CISSERS. Scissors. Huloet. CIST. (1) A chest. Yorksh. (2) A cess-pool. South. CITEE. A citv. (.^.-A'.) CITIZEN. Town bred ; deUcate. Shak. CITOLE. .\ kind of musical instrument with chords, (./.-.v.) O7o/ers, persons who played on citoles, Ord. and Reg. p. 4. CITTE. To cut. (A.-S.) CITTERN. A musical instrument, similar to a guitar. Cittern-headed, ugly, in allusion to the grotesque figures with which the cittern was ornamented. GIVE. To prove, or appear. {A.-N.) Be this ensample it may wel cive That man schalle homicide eschive. uower, MS. Soc. Antiq. 134, f. 101. CLA 2S1 CLA CIVERY. A partition or compartment in a vaulted ceiling. CIVIL. Sober; grave ; piain. CIVIL-GOWN. The gown of a civilian. CIVITY. A city. " An ancient cititie," Stani- huTst's Descr. of Ireland, p. 9. CLAAS. Close ; tight. Yorish. CLAATH. Cloth. Craven. CLACK. (1) A woman's tongue. Var. dial. (2) A kind of small windmill set on the top of a pole to turn and clap on a board to frighten away birds. (3) To cut off the sheep's mark from wool, which made it weigh less, and so diminished the duty payable on it. Blount. (4) The clapper of a mill. See Cotgrave, in v. Claquet. (5) The sucker or valve of a pump. Var. dial. (6) To snap with the fingers. See Florio, in v. Caslagnette. CLACK-BOX. The tongue. Emt. CLACK-DISH. A dish, or rather box, with a moveable lid, carried by beggars in former times, to attract notice by the noise it made, and to bring people to their doors. It was also called a clap-dish, and Forby mentions a phrase still in use, " his tongue moves Uke a beggar's clap-dish." In Kennett's time the term was applied to " a wooden dish wherein they gather the toll of wheat and other corn in markets." CLACKER. A rattle to frighten away birds from a corn-field. West. It is called a docket by Cotgrave, in v. Clac. " Clacks of wood," small pieces of wood to clap with, Thonis' Anecdotes and Traditions, p. 113. CLADDE. Covered with armour ; armed. See Sir Tristrem, p. 145. CLAES. Clothes. Nortfi. CLAFE. Cleft. Thorow owt helme and hawberk cler, lied and body he cla/e yn soijder. .1/4'. Cantab. VI. ii. 38, f. KiO. CLAG. To stick, or adhere. North. Hence clatjijij, glutinous, sticky. CLAGGER. A \\ell-timed remark. North. CLAGGUM. Treacle made hard with boiUng. North. It is also called clag-candy. CLAG-LOCKS. Locks ofwool matted or clot- ted together. Kant. CLAGS. Bogs. North. CLAIKET. A hole, or puddle. Oxoti. CL.VIKS. Barnacles, or brant-geese. See Ho- liushed. Hist. Scotland, p. 17. CLAIM. To cry out. {Lat.) CLA1.\1-U1'. A mill is said to be claim'd up when it is overloaded. It also means to paste up a paper as an advertisement. North. CLAIRG. To bedaub. North. CLAIRON. A clarion. Florio. CLAITY. Dirty. Cumi. CLAKE. To scratch. North. CLAM. (1) A stick laid across a stream ofwater. West. [2) Clamminess. £ast. Any adhesive, viscous matter. " To clam or sticke close unto. Florio, ed. 1011, p. 33. (3) A slut. East. (4) To emaciate. East. A person who is starved is said to be clammed. " I would sooner clam than go to the workhouse." (5) To daub ; to glue. North. (G) To pinch. North. {?) Chmbed. Yorish. " He clam uppon the tree," Wright's Seven Sages, p. 33 ; clame, p. 107. See also Collier's Old Ballads, p. 99. Vlambe, Perceval, 1223. (8) To clog up. West. Also, to choke with thirst. (9) To snatch ; to shut. Line. (10) A kind of shell-fish, mentioned by Pennant. See Brit. Bibl. iv. 316. (11) To castrate a bull or ram by compression. .\orth. (12) A rat-trap. South. (13) To rumple. Devon. (14) To muffle a beU. SeeWaldron's Sad Shep- herd, p. 167. According to some, to ring a bell irregularlv or out of tune. CLAMBEN. Chmbed. {.4..S.) CLAMBER. To climb. Var. dial. Howrll has clammer in his Lex. Tet. CLAMBERANDE. Clustering. CLAMBERSCULL. Very strong ale. East. CLAME. (1) To fasten one tiling to another with any glutinous or clammy matter. North. To clainc butter, to spread it upon bread. (2) To calL Spenser. (3) An iron hook, to bind together horizontally the stonework of a piece of masonry. (4) To challenge. (A.-N.) CLAMERYNE. To creep, or climb. Pr. Part: CLAMMAS. (1) To climb. North. (2) A noise, or clamour. North. CLAMMERSOME. Clamorous j greedy. North. CLAMP. (1) An extempore and imperfect sort of brick-kiln. East. (2) A mound of earth lined with straw to keep potatoes, beetroot, or turnips through the winter. Jfo,*/. (3) To tread hea\ily. Var. dial. Sometimes clamper is heard in the same sense. (4) A large fire made of underwood. North. (a) When a piece of hoard is fitted with the grain to the end of another piece across the grain, the first board is said to be clamped. CLAMPS. AncUrons. North. CLAMS. A kind of forceps or pincers, with long wooden handles, with which farmers pidl up thistles and weeds. North. CLANCII. To snatch at. line. CLANK. A clang, or bang. North. CLANKER. A severe beating. North. CLANLICHE. Cleanly ; entirely. See Rob. Glouc. p. 97 ; Life of St. Brandan, p. 4. CLANNES. Purity; chastity. t'/anA-y, to purify, Gcsta Roman, p. 70. CLA NT. To claw, or scratch. North. CLAP. (1) To sit down. Var. dial. (2) The lip, or tongue. West. CLA 252 CLA (3) A blow, or stroke. Var. dial. Sketton has the word in this sense. Clappe, to strike off, Tlitson's Anc. Songs, i. 51 ; Wright's Pol. Songs, p. 188. (4) To'fondle, to pat. North. (5) To place to, or apply. Var. dial. (6) The lower part of the beak of a hawk. Gent. Rec. ii. 62. (7) Low; marshy. East. CLAP-BENE. A request made to infants in their nurse's arms to clap their hands as the only means they have of expressing their prayers. Pronounced clapbenny. See Bene (5). CLAP-BOARD. Board cut in order to make casks. See Book of Rates, p. 32. CLAP-BREAD. Cake made of oatmeal, rolled thin and baked hard. Also called elap-cake. According to Kennett, " they seem to he so called from clapping or beating the part tiU it is very thin." CLAP-DISH. See Clack-dish. CLAPER. To chatter. Oxon. CLAP-GATE. A small horse-gate. East. CLAPHOLT. Same as clap-board, q. v. See Brit. Bibl. ii. 401, 510 ; Book of Rates, p. 32. CLAPPE. To talk fast. {A.-S.) Also a sub- stantive. " Hold thou thy clappe," Chron. Vilodun. p. 94. See Clap (2) ; \V. Mapes, p. 343. CLAPPER. (1) The tongue. North. (2) A plauk laid across a running stream as a substitute for a bridge. Devon. (3) .\ rabbit burrow. {J.-N.) " Cony hole or clapar," Palsgrave. " A clapper for conies, i. e. a heap of stones, earth, with boughes or such like, whereinto they may retire them- selves, or a court walled about and full of nests of boords for tame conies," Mimlieu. (4) A door-knocker. Mi/i.sheu. CLAPPERCLAW. To beat and abuse. In the Claris to Meriton, 1697, it is explained "to work earnestly, or beat or fight earnestly." CLAPPERDUDGEON. Beggars who' went about with patched cloaks, accompanied by their raorts. CLAPPING. Noisy talking. (J.-S.) CLAPPING-POST. The smaller of a pair of gate, posts, against which the gate closes. East. CLAPSE. .\ clasp. West. We have the verb elapse in Chaucer, Cant. T. 275. CLAP-STILE. A pecuhar kind of stile, the hori- zontal ledges being moveable. Suffolk. CLAPTE. Struck. (.:?.-.S.) CLARANERIS. Clarinets, or bells. IVeitr. CL.iREFID. Glorified, {lat.) A voice come fro heveue thore, I haf clarefid the, he saide. il/.S. Qmtab. VS. v. 48, f. 90. CLARENT. Smooth. Dn-o7i. CLARESTER. See Clear-story. CLARET. See Clarrij. CLARETEE. Brightness. Maundevile. CLARGYMAN. A black rabbit. Chesh. CLARICORD. A musical instrument in the form of a spinet, containing from thirty-five to seventy strings. Florio calls it clarigols, and makes it synonymous with the harpsichnrd. He also spells it claricoes. See his New World of Words, ed. 1611, pp. 39^ 173, 219; Hai- rison's Descr. of England, p. 238. " Claricym- balles, cimballes," Palsgrave. Sir W. Leightou has claricoales in his Teares or Lamentations of a SorrowfuU Soule, 4to. Loud. 1013. CLARION. A kind of small-mouthed and shrill- sounding trumpet, used commonly as a treble to the ordinary- one. (A.-N.) Clarionere, a trumpeter, MS. Morte Arthure. Claryide, played on the clarion, Reliq. Antiq. i. 86. CLARISSIMO. A grandee of Veuice. CL.ARRY. Wine made with grapes, honey, and aromatic spices. Wine mixed with honey and spices, and afterwards strained, w'as called ctarre, but the original claret was a syveet wine of itself made of the above-mentioned mate- rials. See Launfal, 344 ; Chaucer, Cant. T. 1473, 9717 ; Kyng Ahsaunder, 7582; Arthour and Merhn, p. 116; Warner's Antiq. Culin. p. 90 ; Harrison's Descr. of England, p. 167 ; Ord. and Reg. pp. 435, 473 ; Digby Mysteries, p. 77. According to Forby, any sort of foreign red wine is called claret in the East of England. The erle come to hur with that, Wyth pyment and wyth darn/. US. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38 f. 117. CL.\RT. To spread, smear, or daub. A flake of snow, yvben it is large and sticks to the clothes, is called a dart. So we have darts, mud ; clarty, muddy, sticky. Clarty-paptt, a dirty sloven of a wife. CLARYNE. To clear, or clarify. CLASH. (1) To gossip. North. Also, an idle story, tittle-tattle ; a tale-bearer. Clash-me- savnter, a tiresome repeater of stories. (2) To throw anything carelessly, or bang it about. North. CLASHY. Foul; rainy. North. CLASPER. A tendril. O.ron. CLASP-KNIFE. A large pocket-knife. CLAT. (1) To cut the dirty locks of wool otT sheep. South. (2) To break clods of earth or spread dimg on .i field. If^est. Also, a clod of earth. (3) To tattle. See Clash (I). (4) Cow-dung. TJ'est. (5) A dish in ancient cookery, described in the Forme of Cury, p. 42. CLATCH. A brood of chickens. La7ic. CLATE. Some wedge helonging to a plough. Chesh. CLATHERS. Clothes. Ifest. CLATS. Slops ; spoon victuals. Line. CLATTER. Noise ; idle talk. North. " Halden stale thy clater," Toyvueley Myst. p. 190. To chatter, Morte d'Arthur, ii. 170. To beat so as to rattle, Florio, ed. 1611, p. 293. Clatterer, a person who cannot keep a secret. For councel owght to be kept and not to be clatrid. And children beu ay clatyinge as thou wel knowesl MS. D.f6y41,r. !*. CLE CLATTERraRT. A tale-teller. See Stani- hurst's Ueseription of Ireland, p. 21. CLATTY. Dirty ; slovenly. Line. CLALCHT. Scratched ; clawed. Craven. In Lincolnsliire, claucis, to snatch. CLAUD. A ditch, or fence. North. CLAUGHT. Snatched at. Northumb. CLAUM. To scrape together. Line. CLAUNCH. To walk in a lazy, lounging man- ner. East. CLAUSE. An end, or conclusion. {A.-N.) CLAUSTER. A cloister, (i.at.) CLAUT. (1) To tear, or scratch. North. To scrape together, to clean. (2) The marsh ranunculus. Wills. CLAVE. (1) The handle, or the part of a pair of small balances by which they are lifted up in weighing anything. (2) Cleaved. Chester Plays, ii. 70. CLAVEL. A mantel-piece. West. Called also clatel-taek, elavy, and claty-pieee. Clavel- tack is, I believe, the shelf over the mantel- piece. CLAVEU. (1) To chmb. North. " Clyrabaiide andc/aBcraijf/c'one heghe,"MS. Morte Arthurc. (2) To talk fast, to cajole any one by talking. North. (3) Clover-grass. North. The close was iu compas castyne alle abowte With claver and clereworte clede evene over. Line. MS. Murte.irlhure,S.«l. CLAVERS. Din ; noisy talking. North. CLAVY-TACK. A key. Ex-moor. CLAW. (1) To curry favour. North. (2) To seize, or snatch ; to take away violently. North. " Claw me, and He claw thee," Howell, p. 11. (3) One fourth part of a cow-gait in common pastures. North. CLAW-BACK. A flatterer. See Cotgravc, iu y.Jaquet; Barnaby's Journal. CLAWE. To stroke. (J.-S.) Clauyng, stroking, Wright's Seven Sages, p. 34, or, perhaps, tickling. CLAW-ILL. An ulcer in the feet of cattle. Devon. CL.VW-OFF. To reprove. North. CLAWS. Clothes. Somerset. CLAY. To shiver. Devon. CLAY-COLD. Lifeless. South. CLAY-DAUIUX. A custom in Cumberland, where the neighbours and friends of a newly- married couple assemble, and do not separate till they have erected them a rough cottage. CLAY-SALVE. The common cerate. East. CLAY-STUNE. A blue and white limestone dug in Gloucestershire. CLAYT. Clay or mire. Kent. CLEACII. To clutch. Salop. CLEACIIING-NET. A hand net, with a semi- circular hoo]) and transverse bar, used by fishermen on the banks of the Severn. Ken- nett,MS. Lansd. 1033, calls it aeleei-net. CLEAIi. To clothe or clad. East. CLEAK. To snatch. North. 3 CLE CLEAM. To glue together. See Clam (2). CLEAMED. Leaned; inclined. North. CLEAN. (1) Entirely. Var.dial. "ToaboUsh cleane, or make to be forgotten," Rider. See Harrison's Desc. of Britaine, p. 52, England, p. 139 ; Cotgrave, in v. Anguille, Contre-fil, Devant. (2) Clear in complexion ; pure. See Stanihurst, p. 44 ; Holinshed, Hist. Scot. p. 69. (3) To wash, dress, and arrange one's toilet, far. dial. CLEANING. The after-birth of a cow. Also called the eleansintj. CLEANSER. A large kind of gun-picker. Mevrick, iii. 118. CLEAR. (1) Pure ; innocent. Shak. (2) Same as clean (1). Clear and shear, totally, completely. CLEAR-STORY. The upper story of a church. This term seems to have been used in a variety of ways for any method of admitting light into the upper parts of a building. It appears ft'om Holme that clearstory windows are those which have " no transum or cross-piece in the middle of them to break tlie same into two lights," the meaning employed by Shakespeare, Twelfth Night, iv. 2. " Clarestorie w7ndowe, fenestrenula," Huloet's Abcedarium, 1552. CLEAT. A piece of iron worn on shoes by country people. To cleat, to strengthen any thing with iron. CLEAT-BOARDS. Mud pattens, broad flat pieces of board fastened to the shoes to enable a person to walk on the mud without sinking into it. CLE.WER. A school-boy's toy, consisting of a piece of thoroughly-soaked leather to which a string is attached. The leather is then closely squeezed to a stone by the feet to exclude every particle of air, when by pulling the string the stone may be lifted out of the flagging, the experiment being generally tried on pavement. North. CLEAVERS. Tufts of grass. East. CLECHE. To snatch, or seize. Thus woliie he ctechc us with his handc, With his fyngers on rawe. MS. Cantab. Ff. v, 48, f. 82. CLECK. To hatch. North. CLECKIN. A chicken. North. In Towneley Myst. p. 311, ckkyt, hatched. CLECKING. Said of a fox, maris appetens. Craven. CLECKINGS. A shuttlecock, (iimb. CLKCKS. Refuse of oatmeal. Line. CLED. (1) Clad; clothed. Chaucer. It occurs also in MS. Cott. Vespas. D. vii. ; Craven Glossarv, i. 75; Towneley Myst. p. 131 ; MS. Lansd. 'l 033. CLEUEN. Gooscgrass. Dorset. CLEDGY. Clayey, stitf. Kent. Harrison uses the term in his Description of England, pp. Ill, 170. CLEEK. A hook, a barb. North. CLEERTE. GI017. {A..N.) CLE 254 CLE CLEES. Claws. North. Also spelt cleycs. See the Nomenclator, p. 63 ; Marlowe, ill. 492; Maundevile, p. 198. As a cat wolde ele fischis Withoute wetynge of his dees. Cower, 3IS. Soc. Antiq. 134, f. U«. CLEET. (1) The hoof. North. (2) A stav or support. CLEEVE'S. Clilts. See Greene's Works, i. 147 ; clefe, Eglamour, 415. CLEFFE. Cleaved. " ( 7e/e one the cukewalde," Morte Arthure, MS. Line. f. 67. CLEFT. (1) Black slate. North. (2) Timber fit for cooper's ware, spokes, &e. Yorksh. CLEG. (1) The gad-fly. North. " Hornets, clfgs, and clocks," Du Bartas, p. 361. •' A clegge flie, soUpwja" Baret, C. 594. (2) .\ clever person ; an adept. Lane. (3) To cUng, or adhere. North. CLEGGER. To chng. Cumb. CLEGNING. See L'leanim/. CLEKE. To snatch, gi'asp, or strike. " He clekys owtte CoUhraude," MS. Morte Ar- thure. The devell bekynnes with his honde Men als he wele kane. And with his fyve fyngerys He vtcke^ mony a mone. .US. Cantab. Ff. v. 48, f. 01. CLEM. (1) Same as Clam (4, 8). (2) St. Clement. South. (3) To climb. Arch, xxviii. 97. CLEMYD. Closed ; fastened. Arch. xxx. 405. CLEXCHE. To chng together. {A.-S.) CLENCY. Min';dirtv. Line. CLENE. Pnre ; clean. (^.-5.) CLENENESSE. Purity. {A.-S.) CLENGE. To contract or shrink. To strain at, WickUffe, MS. Bodl. where Baber reads clen- si/nge, p. 27. CLE.XKING. CUnking; jingling. CLE.\SOUNE. Declension. Keliq. Ant.ii. 14. CLENT. To Ijecome hard, generally applied to grain. JVest. CLEOVES. Clilts. Kyng Alls. 6277. CLEFE. To call. {A.-S.) r/e/Von, pi. caUed, Chron. Vilodun. p. 97. Palsgrave has, " I clepe, I call, ^> huysche ; this terme is farre Northerne." This verb is still used by boys at play in the Eastern counties, who clape the sides at a game. CLEPEL. A kind of pipe forming part of a clock. CLEPPS. A wooden instrument for pulling weeds out of corn. Cumb. CLER. Polished ; resplendent. Weber. Clers, clear, Sevvni Sages, 2036. CLERE. A kerchief. On their ht-'.ides square boneltfs of damaske golde, rolled wyth lose gold that did hange doune at their backes, with kerchiefes or cUri^s of fyne cypres. Hall, llemti VJU. {. 1)3. CLERENESSE. Glorv. {A.-N.) CLERETE. Purity. \a..S.) Some mane whenne he base iange travelde bodyly and gastely in dystroynge of synnes and getynge of vertus, and peraventour base getyn by graceasom- dele ryste and a deretc in concyence. MS. Liiimln A. i. 17, f. 221. CLERGIE. Science; learning. (.^.-A'.) See Sevyn Sages, 46 ; Wright's Seven Sages, p. 2 ; Middleton, ii. 155. Cleryially, learnedly. Piers Ploughman, p. 8 ; Hartshome's Met. Tales, p. 56. I rede how besy that he was Upon der^e, an bed of bras To forge and make it for to telle. Cuifer, MS. Soc. Antiq. 134, f. IM. For thouje 1 to the steppis dergiat Of these clerkis Ihre may not attevne. Oedeve, SIS. Ibid. f. 263. CLERGION. A young clerk. (^.-A'.) CLERGY. An assembly of clerks. "Clergy, a nombre of clerkes," Palsgrave. CLERK. A scholar. {A.-N.) To make a clerkes berde, i. e. to cheat him. CLERLICHE. Purely. {A.-S.) CLER-MATYN. A kind of fine bread. (^.-.V.) See Piers Ploughman, p. 135. CLERTE. Brightness. {A.-S.) SeeGestaRom. p. 277 ; Audelay's Poems, p. 45 ; Apol. Loll, p. 5. CLERYFY. To make known, or clear. CLESTE. To cleave in two. North. Hidoet has this word, Abcedarium, 1552. CLETCH. A brood of chickens. North. CLETE. A piece of wood fastened on the yard- arms of a ship to keep the ropes from shpping off the vards. CLETHE'. To clothe. North. CLETT. Gleet. MS. Med. Line. CLEVE. a dwelling. {A.-S.) CLEVEL. A grain of corn. Kent. CLEVEN. (1) Rocks ; chffs. {A.-S.) (2) To spht, or cleave. (.^.-5.) Sche was meteles vj. dayes. For care bur berte devj/th. MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 88. CLEVE-PINK. A species of carnation wliich grows wild on the Chedder clitfs. Cleve for cliff is common in early Enghsh. Ynto a wode was veryly thykk. There cleiys were and weyes wyck. MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 84. CLE\Ti;R. (1) Handsome ; good-looking. £ast. Kennett says, " nimble, neat, dextrous." Lusty ; very well. Lane. (2) Clearly ; fully. Kent. (3) To climb, or scramble up. North. (4) Affable. South. (5) A clod, or tuft of coarse grass turned up by the plough. East. CLE\'ERBOOTS. A clever person, generaUy in a satirical sense. Var. ilial. Brockett has clevei'-clumsy. CLEVET. Cleaved. See Warton's Hist. EngL Poet. ii. 413 ; Anturs of Arther, xl. 13. CLEVVY. A species of draft iron for a plough. North. CLEW. (1) A ring at the head of a scythe which fastens it to the sued. (2) Scratched. Sevyn Sages, 925. CLI 255 CLI (3) A rock. (A.-S.) " Botbe the cletiez and the clj'fez," Morte Arthure, MS. Lincoln, f. 74. CLEWE. To cleave, or fasten to. CLEWKIN. Strong twine. Aor/h. CLE\V3THE. Coiled. Chron. VU. p. 99. CLEY. A hurdle for sheep. CLEYMANNE. A dauber. Pr. Part: CLEYMEN. To claim. (^.-A'.) Cleymyn, Christmas Carols, p. 8 ; cleymyd, Apol. Loll. p. 42. CLEYNT. Clung. Ritson. CLEYSTAFFE. A pastoral staff. Pr. Pan. CLEY3TE. Cleaved.' See Morte d'Artliur, i. 157, " and cley^te hjm under liis rjght aimc." CLIBBY. Sticky ; adhesive. Devon. CLICK. (1) To snatch. Var. dial. (2) To tick as a clock. " To clici or Hurt with ones fingers as moresco dancers," Florio, ed. 1611, p. 52. " To elide with ones knuckles," ib. p. 148. (3) A blow. East. CLICKET. (1) To chatter. East. " Her that will clicket," Tusser, p. 251. "A tatling huswife, whose clicket is ever wagging," Cotgrave. (2) A clap-dish ; anything that makes a rattUng noise. Cotgrave. " A boy's cUckcts, flat bones wherewith a pretty rattbng noise is made," Miege. (3) A latch-key. {A.-N.) According to Salop. Antiq. p. 301, " to fasten as with a link over a staple." See cliketted, Piers Ploughman, p. 114. (4) A term applied to a fox when maris appetens. Gent. Rec. ii. 76. CLICKETY-CLACK. The noise that iron pat- tens make in walking. Var. dial. CLICK-UP. A person with a short leg, who in walking makes a clicking noise. Line. CLIDER. Goose-grass. / ar. dial. CLIELD. A child. Devon. CLIFE. Clear; fine. (^.-.V.) CLIFFE. A rock. (//.-&) CLIFT. A cleft, or opening of any kind, as the spht of a pen, {\\efijurchure\n Cotgrave, &:i'. See Nomenclator, p. 7 ; Reliq. Anliq. ii. 78 ; Urry's Chaucer, p. 94, 1. 881. Clip, a clitl", Middleton, v. 405, and Moor's Sutl'olk Words. CLIFTY. Lively ; active. Sorth. CLIGHTE. Closed; fastened together. See Chester Plays, i. 115, and the hst of obsolite words prefixed to Batman iippon liartho- lome, 1582. CLIGIITY. Stiff; clayey. Kent. CLIM. (1) To climb. I ar. dial. Drayton ns(■^ this form in his Battaillc of Agincourt, p. 30. " The waves to climmc," ib. p. 5. (2) Clement. Forby gives the name to a kind of nursery goblin. (3) To call, or challenge. (A.-X.) CLIMBER. To clamber. Twiser. Jennings, p. 115, has cliinincr. CLIME. Tlic ascent of a hill. See Holiushed, Hist, of England, i. 38. CLIMP. (1) To steal. East. (2) To soil with the fingers. East. CLINCH. (1) To confirm an improbable story by a lie. / ar. dial. (2) A witty saying, or repartee. Howell's Lex. Tet. 1660. (3) A claw, or fang. North. CLINCHING-NET. See Cleaching-net. CLINCHPOUP. A term of contempt fotmd in Northbrooke's Treatise, 1577. CLINCQU.VNT. Brass thinly wrought out into leaves. North. This is in Morc's MS. addi- tions to Rav. {Fr.) CLINE. To climb. IVarw. CLING. (1) To shrink up. North. ThisisKen- nett's explanation, and is used by Shakespeare. (2) To rush with violence. North. CLINK. A hard blow. I'ar. dial. CLINKE. To ring ; to tinkle. (A.-N.) CLINKER. (1) A bad sort of coal ; a cinder from an iron furnace. Salop. (2) A small puddle made by the foot of a horse or cow. ll'arw. CLINKER-BELL. An icicle. Somerset. CLINKERS. Small bricks, far. dial. CLINKET. A crafty fellow. North. CLINKS. Long nails. I'ar. dial. CLINQUANT. Shining. (Fr.) CLINT. To clench, and hence, to finish, to com- plete. Somerset. GLINTS. Crevices among bare lime-stone rocks. North. CLIP. (1) To shear sheep. North. (2) To embrace. (A.-S.) (3) To hold together by means of a screw or ban- dage. Salop. (4) To call to. North. This is merely a form of clepe, q. v. (5) To shorten. Craven. (6) A blow, or stroke. East. (7) To shave. Jiider. CLIPPE. To cut. {A.-S.) CLIPPER. A sheep-shearer. North. CLIPPE S. An eclipse. CLIPPINGS. Fragments; broken victuals. CLIPl'ING-TllE-Clll'RCIl. An old Wannck- shirc custom on Easter Monday. The charity children joined hand in hand fornu'd a circle completely round each church. See Hone's Every-day Book, i. 431. CLIPS. (1) Eclipsed. I.gdgate. It is a substan- tive in the Misfortunes of Arthur, p. 65 ; Lilly's Gallathca, ed. 1632, sig. U. i; Piers Ploughman, p. 377; Chron. Slirab. p. 93. Clipsy, as if ecUpscd, Rom. of the Rose, 5349. (2) Shears ; scissors. Northumb. (3) Pot-hooks. North. CLIPT-DINMENT. A shorn wether sheep ; a mean looking fellow. Cumb. CLISIIAWK. To steal. Line. CLISII-ILASII. Idle discourse. North. Also called cli>h-ma-clash, and clish-ma-clavcr. CLIT. (1) StilV; clayey; heavy. South. Also heavy, hazy, appUcd to the state of the st- mosphcre. CLO 2JG CLO (2) Imperfectly fomeuteil, applied to oread. Somerset. CLITCH. To stick ; to adhere ; to become tliick, or glutinous. Devon. CLIT-CLAT. A great talker. North. CLITE. (1) Clay ; mire. Kent. (2) Goose-grass. Gerarrl marks this as obsolete, but it is in use in Oxforlied to two persons on the same liorse. COCKING. Cockfighting. North. See the Plumpton Corr. p. 251. COCKISH. Wanton. North. COCKLE. (1) Agrostemna githago, Lin. Cf. Harrison's Descr.of England, p. 170. Qucedam herba quee vacatur vutgo cokkylle, MS. Bib. Reg. 12 B.i. f. 30. And as the cockille with hevenly dew so dene Of kjTide cngendreth white perils rounde. Li/ilgalc, MS. Soc. Antiq. 134, f. 3. (2) To cry like a cock. Citmb. (3) To wrinkle. Var. dial. (4) A stove used for drying hops. Kent. (5) To " cry cockles," to be hanged. (G) The cockles of the heart .' Grose gives a plirasc involving this term. COCKLEART. Day-hrcak. Devon. Sometimes called cock-lcct. COCKLED. Enclosed in a sliell. Shah. COCKLEK. A seUer of cockles. North. COCKLE-STAIRS. Winding stairs. COCKLETY. Unsteady. North. COCKLING. Cheerful. North. COCKLOCHE. A simple fellow. (Fr.) COCKLOFT. A giurtt. Hence a burlesque phrase for the scull. COCKMARALL. A little fussy person. Line. " Coekmedainty," in Brockett, p. 75. COCKMATE. A companion. Lilly. COCKNEY. A sjmilt orelleminatc boy. " I'ucr in dcliciis matris nutritus, .\nglicc a AoU'enai/," MS. Bibl. Reg. 12 B. i. f. 14. "Cockcn'cy, 261 COC acersa, mneolu-s," Huloet, 1552. Forby has cock-farthing in a similar sense, a term of en- dearment used to a little boy. " To be dan- dlyd any longer uppon his father's knee, or to be any longer taken for his father's cockney, or miuyon, or darlyng," Palsgrave's Aco lastus, 1540. The veracious Tusser says, p. 270, "some cockneys with rocking are made ver)' fools;" and according to Dekker, Knight's Conjuring, p. 2'J, the term is derived from the cockering or indulgent mothers. A cockney was also a person who sold fruit and greens, gui vendil collibia. Prompt. Parv. p. 281. Dicitur etiam collibista ijni rendit collibia, Joan, de Janua. The word is also stated to signify a little cook, but I find no certain an- thority for such an interpretation. It was frequently used as a term of contempt, as in Chaucer, Cant. T. 4206; Hall's Poems, 1646, repr. p. 28 ; Twelfth Night, iv. 1. Some writers trace the tenii with much probability to the imaginar)' land of Cokaygne, so curiously de- scribed in the well-known poem printed by Hickes. Florio has, "tociigna, as iuctigna, lulibarland;" and a ballad in the Roxhurghe collection is cntitlcil, "An Invitation to Lub- bcrland, the land of Cocaigne." See Cata- logue of B. H. Brighfs Library, 1845, p. 26. To these the lines quoted by Camden, in which the " King of Cockeney" is mentioned, afford a connecting link, and the modern meaning of cockney, one born in O ckaigne, or Lubber- land, a burlesque name fur London, seems to be clearly deduced. The King of the Cockneys was a character in the Christmas festivities at Lincoln's Inn in 1517, Braiul's Pop. Antiq. i. 295 ; and Fuller tells us that a person who was absolutely ignorant of rural matters was called a cockney, which is most probably the mean- ing of the tenn in Lear, ii. 4, and is still re- tained. What Bow-bells have to do with it is another question. In the London Prodigal, p. 15,acountr)fcllow says to another, " A and well scd cockncll, and boe-bcll too." See also Beaumont and Fletcher, iv. 186, " Bow-bell suckers," i. e. sucking children born within the sound of Bow-bell. — But a cuckneliif, pro- perly a young cock, as appears from Holly hand's Dictionarie, Ib'X.i ; which also seems to be the meaning of cokt-ney in Piers Plough- man, p. 134, and, as .Mr. M right remarks, in Heywooil's Proverbs, but a lean chicken was so called, as appears from a passage quoted in Maloue's Shakespeare, x. 117. Florio men- tions cockancgs in v. Caccherclli, and cock- ney's-eggs may not be tlicrcfore so great an absurdity as is commonly supposed. In Devon- shiie cockeniony is the name of a small cock's egg, which if hatched is said to produce a cockatrice or something exceedingly noxious. A cock's egg, according to Forby, is an abor- tive egg without a yolk. The absurd tale of the cock neighing, related by Minsheu and trn- chtionally remembered, may deserve a passing notice. COD 262 COG A young heyre, or OK-kiiei/, that is his mothers darling, if hee have playde the waste-good at tlie innes of the court, or about London, falles in a quarrelling humor with his fortune, because she made him not liing of the Indies. Nash's PiercP Peniles,^e, 1502. COCK-0-MY-THUMB. Alittle diminutive per- son. North. COCK-PENNY. A customary present made to the schoolmaster at Shrovetide liy the hoys, in some of the schools in the North, as an in- crease of salary. See Brockett, and Carhsle on Charities, p. 272. COCK-PIT. The pit of a theatre. Also, a place used for cock-fighting. COCKQUEAN. A heggar or cheat. (F/-.) COCK-ROACII. A hlack-heetle. Viest. COCKS. (1) Cockles. Dnmi. (2) A puerile game with the tough tufted stems of the ribwort plantain. One holds a stem, and the other strikes on it with another. COCK'S-FOOT. Columbiue. Gerard. COCK'S-HEADLING. A game where boys mount over each other's beads. COCKS'-HEADS. Seeds of rib-grass. COCKSIIUT. A large net, suspended between two poles, employed to catch, or shut in, woodcocks, and used chiefly in the twilight. Hence perhaps it came to be used for twilight, bi;t Kennett says, " w ben the woodcocks shout or take their fligbt in woods." Florio has tbe latter sense exclusively in p. 79, ed. 1611. COCK'S-NECKLING. To come down cock's neckling, i. e. head foremost. Milts. COCKSPUR. A small shell-fish. See Brome's Travels, ed. 1700, p. 275. COCK-SQUOILING. Throwing at cocks with sticks, which are generally loaded with lead. Vest. Sir Thomas More calls the stick a cockstele. COCKSURE. Quite certain. Var. dial. COCKWARD. A cuckold. COCKWEB. A cob-web. Xorth. COCK-WEED. Same as cockle (1). COCKY. Pert ; saucy. Var. dial. COCKYBABY. Tbe arum. /. Wight. COCKYGEE. A rough sour apple. West. COCOWORT. The shepberd's-purse, hot. COCTYN. Scailet, or crimson. Baber. COCUS. Coolis. {.4.-X.) COD. (1) A pillow or cushion. North. See Towneley Mysteries, p. 84. Faire mdiUs of silke Chalked whyte als the mylke. MS. Linmln A. i. 17, f. 136. (2) A bag. {.4.-S.) In Elizabeth's time the little bag or purse used for perfumes was so called. (3) Tbe neck of a net, the bag at the end in which it is usual to place a stone to sink it. (■1) A pod. See Ray's Diet. Tril. p. 7 ; Cotgrave, in V. Ers, Goussit ; Becon, p. 450. (5) A large seed-basket. 0,ian. COD-BAIT. The caddis worm. North. COD-BERE. A pillow-ease. CODDER. A pea-gatherer. Midj;. CODDLE. To indulge or spoil with warmth. Also to parboil, as in Men Miracles, 1G56, p. 43. To coddle-up, to recruit. CODDY. SmaU ; very httle. North. CODE. Cobbler's wax. " Bepayntyd with sow- ter code," Digby Myst. p. 35. CODGER. An eccentric old person ; a miser. Codi/er's-end, the end of a shoemaker's thread. Codtfery, any strange mixture or composition. COD-GLOVE.' A thick hedge-glove, without fingers. Devon. CODINAC. A kind of conserve. CODLINGS. Green peas. CODLINS. Limestones partially burnt. North. CODPIECE. An artificial protuberance to the breeches, weU explained by its name, and often used as a pincushion ! Also spelt cod- piss. See Howel, sect, xxxiii. ; Dekker's Knights Conjuring, p. 36 ; Thynne's Debate, p. 64 ; Cotgrave, in f.Esi/uillette; Middleton, iii. 81. The same name was given to a similar article worn by women about the breast. CODS. Bellows. Korth. CODS-HEAD. A foohsh fellow. North. CODULLE. A cuttle-fish. Pr. Parv. COD-WARE. Pulse. Tusser, p. 37. COE. (1) An odd old fellow. Notf. (2) A small house near a mine, used by the work- men. North. COF. Quickly. {A..S.) Forth a wente be the strem. Til a com to Jurisalem ; To the patriark a wente ct-/, And ai his lif he him schrof. Bei'es o/Httmtonn, p. 77- COFE. A cavern, or cave. {.-l.-S.) COFERER. A chest-maker. COFF. To chop, or change. 0.ton. COFFE. A cuff. (J.-S.) COFFIN. The raised crust of a pie. Also a conical paper for holding spices, ike. or a basket or chest. See Florio, pp. 107, 473; Warner's Antiq. Culin. p. 65 ; Ord. and Reg. p. 442 ; Nomenclator, p. 259 ; Langtoft, p. 135; Prompt. Parv. p. 128; Wicklitfe's New Test. p. 18. COFRE. A chest. {J.-N.) Co/rene, to place in a coffer. COFT. Bought. Northumb. COFYN. The shell, or rind. COG. ( 1 ) To entice. Susseu: (2) To suit or agree. East. (3) Tbe short handle of a scythe. (4) A wooden dish, or pail. North. (5) To he or cheat. AJso, to load a die. " To coffi/e a dve," Cotgrave, in v. Casser. COG-BELLS. Icicles. Kent. COGER. A luncheon. South. COGFOIST. A cheat, or sharper. COGGE. A cock-boat. {.4..S.) Than he coveres his cogge, and caches one ankere- ilorte .irthure, MS. Lincoln, {. 91 COGGERIE. Falsehood ; cheating. GOGGLE. (1) To be shaky. I'ar. dial. (2) A cock-boat. North. (3) A small round stone. Line. COK 263 COL (4) To harrow. North. COGHEN. To cough. {A.-S.) COGMEN. Dealers in coarse cloth. COGNITION. Knowledge; information. {Lat.) COG-WARE. A kind of worsted cloth. COHIBITOR. A hinderer. Hall. COHORTED. Incited ; exhorted. COHWE. To cough. (A.-S.) COIGNE. The corner stone at the external angle of a building. {A.-N.) " f'enura is also the coygne or corner of an house or walle wherat men dooe turne," Elyot. COIL. (1) A hen-coop. North. (2) A tumult, or bustle. is) A lump, or swelling. North. 4) To beat, or thrash. COILE. To choose, or select. {A.-N.) Also, to strain through a cloth. COILERS. That part of a cart-horse's harness which is put over his rump and round his haunches to hold back the cart when going down-hill. COILET. A stallion. {A.-N.) COILONS. Testiculi. {A.-N.) COILTH. A hen-coop. North. COINDOM. A kingdom. (^.-A^.) COINE. A quince. {A.-N.) COINTE. Neat; trim; curious; quaint; cun- ning. {A.-N.) COINTESE. A stratagem. {A.-N.) COISE. Chief ; master. Cumb. "Coisy," ex- cellent, choice, Hartshorae's Met. Tales, p.l 18. COISTERED. Inconvenienced. (Fr.) COISTREL. An inferior groom. See Holin- shed. Hist. Scotland, pp. 89, 127. OriginaUy, one who carried the arms of a knight. COISTY. Dainty. North. COIT. (1) To toss the head. Eaxt. (2) To throw. North. " If you coit a stone," Cotton's Works, ed. 1734, p. 326. See Ancc. and Trad. p. 12. COITING-STONE. A quoit. COITURE. Coition. Topsell. COKAGRYS. A dish in ancient cookery, dc scribed in Warner's Antiq. Culin. p. 66. COKE. (1) To cry peccavi. North. (2) To pry about. Smseoc. (3) A cook. {Lat.) COKEDRILL. A crocodile. Weber. Maun devile has cokodrilles, p. 321. COKEN. To choak. North. COKER. (1) A reaper. iVanv. Originally a charcoal maker who comes out at harvest, time. (2) To sell by auction. South. COKES. A fool. Coles. See Cotgravo, in v. Effemine, Enfoiiriier, Fol, Lambin. More cor- rectly perhaps, a person easily imposed uimu. COKEWOLD. A cuckold. {A.-N.) COKIN. A rascal. {A.-N.) Qunth Arthour, thou hcthcn cokin, Wendc tothi devcl Apolin. .-trthmlr and Merlin t p. 2.'M) COKYRMETE. Clay. Pr. Pan. Correspond- ing to the Spanish lapia. COKY'SSE. A female cook. Hyt is now hard to desernc anil know A tapster, a cu/./.ji-ff, iT an ostelats wyf. From a gentylwoman, yf they stond arow. For who shall be fresshest Ihey ymagyn and stryf. MS. Laud. 41G, f. 74. COL. (1) Charcoal. (^.-5.) (2) To strain. North. COLAGE. A college. See Hardyng's Chron. If. 87, 216; Tundale, p. 71. All siu'he executours specyally I bytake. That fals be unto hym that may not speke ne go. Unto the grete cotnife of the fyndis blake. MS. Laud. 416, f. 95. COLBERTAIN. A kind of lace mentioned in Holme's Academy of Armory, 1688. COLD. (1) Could;' knew. Perci/. (2) To grow cold. {A.-S.) He was aferd, his hert gan to cold. To se this marvelous thyng to-for his bed. MS. Laud. 416, (. 63. (3) Cold-rost, i. e. nothing to the point or pur- pose. (4) Sober; serious. COLD-CIIILL. An ague-fit. East. COLD-COMFORT. Bad news. North. COLDER. Refuse wheat. East. COLD-FIRE. A laid fire not Ughted. COLDHED. Coldness. {A.-S.) COLDING. Shivering. Chesh. COLD-L.VRD. A pudding made of oatmeal and suet. North. COLD-PIE. To give a cold pie, or cold pig, to raise a sluggard in the morning by Ughted paper, cold water, and other methods. COLD-PIGEON. A message. COLD-SHEAR. An inferior iron. COLE. (1) Pottage. North. (2) Sea-kale. South. (3) Cabbage. {A.-N.) " Cole cabes," Elyot in V. Brassica. See Ord. and Reg. p. 426. (4) To put into shape. North. (5) To cool. 0.ron. " Lete hir cole liir bodi thare," Leg. Cath. p. 93. (6) A colt. Ileber. (7) The neck. {A.-N.) (8) A species of gadus. COLEMAN-IIEDGE. A common prostitute. COI.E-PROPIIET. A false prophet, or cheat. COLER. A collar. (A.-N.) Sec Rtitland Papers, p. 7 ; Reliq. Antiq. i. 41. COLERIE. Eye-salve. {Lat.) COLBRON. Doves. Chron. Vilodun. p. 32. COLESTAFF. A strong pole, on which men carried a burden between them. COLET. The acolyte, the fourth of the minor orders among Roman Catholic priests. COLFREN. Doves. Rob. Glouc. p. 190 COLISANCE. A badge or device. COLKE. The core. North. For tlic crthe y-liklied may bo To an appcl upon a tree, The whiehe in myddes hath a colff, A% halh an eye in myddes a yolke. Ham,H,if, MS. Addit. 113IIS, f . 83. COLL. (1) To embrace, or clasp. {Fr.) (2) To run about idly. North. COL 264 COM COLLAR. (1) Soot. Var.dial. "All his co/- low and his soot," Cotton's Works, ed. 1734, p. 190. (2) Smut in wheat. Kent. (3) To entangle. North. (4) To collar the mag, to throw a coit with such precision as to surround the plug. COLLAR-BALL. A light baU used by childi-en to play with. Ecutt. COLLAR-BEAM. The upper beam in a bam, or other building. COLLAR-COAL. Same as collar (1). COLLARD. Colewort. East. COLLATION. A conference. {A.-N.) COLLAUD. To unite in praising. {Lat.) Col- Unvdid, Dial. Creat. Moral, p. 114. COLLAYES. A kind of broth. Huloet. COLLECTION. A conclusion or consequence. Or perhaps sometimes obser\ation. COLLEGE. An assembly of small tenements baring a common entrance from the street. Somerset. COLLER-EGGS. New laid eggs. North. COLLET. The setting which surrounds the stone of a ring. Some article of apparel worn round the neck was also so called. See Du Bartas, p. 370. COLLEY. (1) Soot. rar. dial. Hence collied, blackened, as in Shakespeare. (2) Butchers' meat. North. (3) A blackbird. Somerset. COLLIER. A seller of coals or charcoal. A little black insect is also so called. COLLING. An emln-ace. (J.-N.) COLLOCK. A great paiL North. COLLOGUE. To confederate together, gene- rally for an unla^vful purpose ; to cheat ; to converse secretly. COLLOP. A rasher of bacon ; a shce of flesh. Var. dial. COLLOW. See Collar. COLLYGATE. To bind together, (lat.) See Ashmole's Theat. Chem. Brit. p. 145. COLLY-WESTON. A terra used when any- thing goes wrong. Chesh. COLLY-WOBBLE. Uneven. West. COLLY-WOMPERED. Patched. North. COLMATE. A colestatF. Durham. COLMOSE. The searaew. See Calmeive. COLNE. A basket or coop. " Seirjiea, a dounge potte or colne made with roddes or russhes," Elyot. COLOBE. A kind of short coat reaching to the knees. {Lat.) COLOFONY. Common rosin. COLOFRE. Fine gunpowder, mentioned in MS. Soc. Antiq. 101, f. 76. COLON. (1) The largest intestine, and hence metaphorically hunijer. (2) Stalks of furze-bushes, which remain after burning. North. COLORYE. An ointment for the eves, men- tioned in MS. Med. Line. f. 284. COLOUR. A pretence. " Colour, a fayned matter," Palsgrave. To fear no colours, to fear no enemy. COLPHEG. To beat, or buffet. Nares. COLPICE. A leaver. Warw. COLRE. Choler. (^.-A'.) The fyre of his condicion Appropreth the complexion, Whiche in a man is colt-e bote. Cower, MS. Soc. Jntiq. 134, f. 19S. COLSH. Concussion. North. COLT. (1) To ridge earth. South. A bank that falls down is said to colt in. (2) To cheat. An old cant term. (3) An apprentice. West. (4) A new comer, who is required to pay a for- feit called colt-ale. (5) A small piece of wood, sometimes found loose inside a tree. (6) A third swarm of bees in the same season. West. (7) To crack, as timber. Warw. COLTEE. To be skittish. Devon. Chaucer has coltish, and Huloet coltitche. COLT-PIXY. A fairy. West. Tlie fossil echini are called colt-pbdes' heads. To beat down apples is to colepiocy in Dorset. COLUMBINE. Dove-Uke. {Lat.) CO LYE R. DeUcious. North. COLVERE. A dove. {A.-S.) COM. Came. North. Also a substantive, coming or arrival. COM.\ND. Commanded. Ritson. COMAUNDE. Communed. Warkworth. COMB. (1) A valley. Var. dial. See Holin- shed. Hist. Ireland, p. 169. (2) A sharp ridge. North. (3) A balk of land. Devon. (4) The window-stool of a casement. Glouc. (5) A brewing-vat. Chesh. (6) To acrospire. West. Hence coming.floor, the floor of a malt-house. (7) To cut a person's comb, to disable him. (8) A mallet. Devon. COMB-BROACH. The tooth of a comb for dressing wool. Somerset. COMBEHERE. A trouble. ComiiVrf, troubled, Wriglit's Seven Sages, p. 115. The ryche emperowre Raynere Wottyth not of thys contheyere, MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38. f. Ifil. COMBERSOME. Troublesome; chfficult of access. See Holinshed, Hist. England, i. 29. COMBRE-WORLD. An incumbrance to the world. Chancer. COMBURMENT. Incumbrance. Weber. COMBUST. Burnt. {Lat.) A term in astro- logy when a planet is not more than 8° 30' distant from the sun. See Randolph's Jealous Lovers, p. 77. CO.ME. (1) Coming ; arrival. Now thy comly cnme has comforthede us allc. .Volte Artlmre, MS. Lincoln, f. m. (2) To be ripe. Dorset. (3) A comfit. North. (4) Came. Perceval, 1365. COM 265 COM (5) To go. Sir Eglamour, 713. (6) To succumb ; to yield. Combee seems used in the same sense in Wright's Monastic Let- ters, p. 126. " I can't come it," I cannot manage it. (7) To become. Var. dial. (8) To overflow, or flood. West. (9) When sucli a time has arrived, e. g. " it will be ten year come August." This usage of the word is very common. COME-B.\CK. A guinea-fowl. East. COMEBE. A comb. Rel. Ant. i. 9. COME-BY. To procure. " Come by now," get out of the way. " Come down upon," to reprove, to chide. COMED. Came. Var. dial. CO-MEDLEU. Well mixed. Shak. COME-IN. To surrender. COMELING. A stranger; a guest. North. " An unkind tnimlyiig" Ywaine and Gawin, 1627. See Harrison's Dese. of Britaine, p. 6 ; MS. Cott. Yespas. D. vii. EawtcumbVnuj occurs in Tim Bobbin. To cttmlyiifciii lake ^e do no Rile, For suche were jouresclf sumwhile. Cur*;r Muniti, MB. Cull. Trin. Cantab, f. 43. COMEN. To commune. C'overdate. COMENDE. Coming. {A.-S.) Tille it befelle upon a piayne, They syjen where he was comende. Gimer, MS. Soc. Jntiq. 134, f. 71. COMENE. Came, pi. {A.-S.) COME-OFF. A phrase equivalent to " come on," to execute any business. In the i)ro- vinces it now means, to alter, to change- Shakespeare has it in the sense of paying a debt. COME-ON. To grow, to improve ; to encroach ; to succeed, or follow. Var. dial. COME-OVER. To cajole. Var. dial. COME-PUR. A familiar way of calling, jiro- ]>erlv to pigs. Leic. COMERAWNCE. Vexation ; grief. COMEROUS. Troublesome. Skelton. COMESTIBLE. Eatable. Becon. COME-THY-WAYS. Come forward, generally sl)oken in great kindness. Go your ways, a n?. CONDUCT. (1) Hired. (La/.) (2) A conductor. See Ord. and Reg. pp. 282, 283,403. CONDUCTION. Charge ; conduct. See Eger- ton Papers, p. 242 ; Ilolinshed, Hist. Scot. p. 78. CONDUCT-MONEY. Money paid to soldiers and sailors to take them to their ships. CONDUL. A candle. CONE. A clog. North. CONESTABLE. A constable. {A.-N. CONE-WHEAT. Bearded-wheat. Kent. CONEY. A bee-hive. Tus.. CONTRAIRE. Contrary ; opposite. (./.-A'.) CONTRAPTION. Contrivance. Vest. CONTRARIE. To go against, vex, oppose. (.-l.-N.) Contrarianf, HaU, Edw. IV. f. 22. Occasionally a substantive. And whanne they dlden the contrarye. Fortune was contrariende. Gauitr, MS. Soc. Antiq. 134, f. :t4. CONTRARYUS. Different. (.^.-A'.) He muste Ijothe drynke and ete 0)HtTa)i/us drynke and contrart^ua mete. MS. Caiitati. Ff. li. 38. f. l.Tli. CONTRAVERSE. Quite the reverse. CONTREE. A countrv. (.^.-A".) CONTREFETE. To counterfeit ; imitate. (./.-A'.) CONTREVE. To contrive. {A...\.) CONTREVORE. A contrivance. " Here now a conlrevore," Langtoft, p. 334. CONTRIBUTE. To take tribute of. CONTRIVE. To wear out, pass away. CONTROVE. To invent. (^.-A'.) CONTUBERNIAL. FamiUar. (Lat.) CONTUND. To beat down. Lilly. CONTUNE. To continue. Not for the sake of the rhyme, as Tyrwhitt thinks. It occurs also in prose. CONTURB.VTION. Disturbance. CONVAIL. To recover. CONVALE. A vallev. Holme. CONVAUNCED. Promised. (.^.-A'.) CONVENABLE. Fitting. Sketton. CONVENE. Arrangement. lA.-X.) CONVENT. To summon ; to convene. CONVENTIONARY-RENTS. The reserved rents of life-leases. CONVENT-LOAF. Fine manchet. CONVERSANT. To converse. Paiigrave. CONVERTITE. A convert. CONVEY. Conveyance. Hence to steal, for which it was a polite term, as Pistol insinu- ates. Conveyance is also used for stealing. CONVICIOUS. Abusive. {Lat.) CONVINCE. To conquer ; to convict. CONVIVE. To feast together. CONVOY. A clog for the wheel of a waggon. North. CONY. A rabbit. Also rabbit-skin, as in Mid- dleton, iii. 39 ; Test. Vetust. p. 734. CONY-CATCH. To deceive a simple person ; to cheat. Sometimes merely to trick. Cony- catcher, a sliarper. COP •269 COP CONYGARTHE. A rabbit warren. Palsi/rave. tONYNE. Knowledge. (^.-A'.) With fals cf>tit/ne whiche sche hadde, Hire clos envye tho sche spradde. Gijwer, MS.Soc. Jnli<]. 1.1J, f. M. CONYNGE. A rabbit. {J.-N.j He went and fett conyn/ies thre, Alle baken welle in a pasty. MS. Ointab. Kf. v. m, f. iO. COO. (1) Fear. North. (2) To call. Cumh. (Z) A jackdaw. Pr. Pan: COOB. A hen-coop. U'i/ts. COOCH-HANDED. Left-handed. Denon. COOK. (1) To throw. Var. dial. (2) To disappoint ; to punish. North. COOK-EEL. A cross-bun. Ea.l. )). 25. COKSING. Horse-dealing. COS 272 COT COBSIVE. CorroMve. CURSPRESANT. A mortuar)'. CORSY. Fat ; unwieldy. CORTEISE. Courtesy.' Also an adjective. Launcelot lokys he iippon. How corteixe was in hym more Then evyr was in any man. MS. Ha, I. 2252, f. 1 13. CORTER. A cloth. CORTESLICHE. Courteously. CORTEYSEAR. More courteous. CORTINE. A curtain. CORTS. Carrots. Somerset. CORTYL. A kivtle. CORUNE. See (oroun. CORVE. About the eighth of a ton of coals. Boxes used in coal mines are also called corves. CORVEN. Carved ; cut. {^.-S.) Corvene wyndows c{ glase, With joly bandis of brase. MS. Lina.ln .\. i. 17. f. I3C. The wode was wallyd abowtc. And wele titrvyt, wyth ryche ston. MS. 0,nlal,. Ff. ii. 38, f. C4. With mannys hondes as sche were wroghte, Or c«rvi/t) on a tree. MS. Ibid. f. 69. CORVISOR. A shoemaker. CORWYN. Curved. Arch. x.x.x. 406. CORY'. A shepherd's cot. Pr. Pare. CORYAR. A cunier. ( l.at.) CORYED. CuiTied ; fhuhhed. CORYNALLE. Same as cornatt, q. t. Tlie schafte was strong over alle. And a welle schaped fuiyntitle. MS. Oinlub. Ff. ii. 38, f. 24?. CORYS. Course. Ne ;yt the love off paramours, Woche ever athe be the comyn cotys Among them that lusty were. MS. Cantab. Ff. i. 6, f. 5. CORZIED. Grieved. From Corset/. COS. (1) Because. Var. dial. (2) A kiss. Audelay, p. GO. COSEY'. Snug ; comfortable. .\lso a term for half tipsy. COSH. (1)" The husk of com. East. (2) Quiet ; still. Salop. (3) A cottage, or hovel. Craven. This terra occurs in Prompt. Parv. COSHERING. A set feast made in Ireland of noblemen and their tenants, who sat the whole time on straw. The coshering was always ac- companied with harper's music. See a cu- rious description in Stanihurst, p. 45. COSIER. A cobbler. COSIN. A cousin, or kinsman. COSINAGE. Kindred. {J.-N.) And how he stood of coiinage To the emperoure, made hem asswage. Cower, MS. Soc. .4nliq. 134, f. 4?. COSP. The cross bar at the top of a spade. The fastening of a door is also so called. COSSE. A kiss. (.V.-.S.) See Reliq. Antiq. i. 29 ; Gy of Warwike, p. 20,3. COSSET. A pet lamb. Hence a pet of any kind. Also, to fondle. COSSHEN. A cushion. COSSICAL. Algebraical. Digges, In I J 79, de- scribed the " Arte of numbers cossicall." COST. (1) Loss, or risk, .\orth. (2) The mantagreta, hot. (3) A dead body. Devon. (4) A side, or region. {A.-N.) (5) A rib. East. (6) Manner ; business ; quality. " Swych costus to kythe," Degrevant, 364. (7) " Nedes cost," a phrase equivalent to posi- tively. Chaucer, Cant. T. 1479. COST.\GE. Cost ; expense. {A.-N.) " To duelle at his costage," Lincoln MS. f. 134. COSTARD. (1) A kind of large apple. Hence costard-monger, or costermonger, a seller of apples ; one, generally, who kept a stall. Me- taphorically, the head is called a costard. (2) .\ flask, or flasket. Urry'sMS. additions to Ray. COSTE. To tempt. Vcrstegan. COSTED. Richlv oruamented. COSTEI.\NT. Coasting. (.^.-A'.) The grete soldan thanne of Perse Hath in a marche costeiant. Cower, MS. Sac. Antiq. 134, f. 78. COSTEX. Cast. Langtoft, p. 106. COSTENED. Cost. COSTERING. (1) A carpet. (2) Swaggering ; blustering. Salop. COSTERS. Pieces of tapestry used on the sides of tables, beds, &c. See Test. Vetust. p. 228. " Costerdes covered with whyte and blewe," SquvT of Lowe Degre, 833. COSTiOUS. Costlv. COSTLEWE. Expensive ; costlv. COSTLY. Costive. East. COSTLY-COLOURS. A game at cards. COST.MOUS. Costly. Hearne. COSTNING. Temptation. I'erstegan. COSTREL. X small wooden bottle used by la- bourers in harvest time. The ancient drink- ing cup so called was generally made of wood. / asa quredam qua costrelH vocantur, Matth. Paris. See Hartshorue's Met. Tales, p. 56. Spelt costret in MS. Lansd. 560, f. 45. COSTY'. Sumptuous ; costly. COSTYFHED. Costiveness. COSY'. A husk, shell, or pod. Beds. COT. (1) A finger-stall. East. (2) Same as cosp, q. v. (3) Refuse wool. North. (4) A man who interferes in the kitchen. Xorth. (5) A small bed, or cradle. (6) A pen for cattle. (7) A coat. (.^.-A') COTAGRE. A sumptuous dish described in the Forme of Curv, p. 79. COTCHED. Caught. Vor. dial. COTCHEL. A sack partly full. Sottth. COTE. (1) To coast, or keep alongside. (Fr.) .\Iso, a pass or go-by. (2) In hunting, when the greyhound goes end- ways by his fellow, and gives the hare a turn. Often used in the sense, to overtake. (3) A cotta» e. (./.-&) (4) A salt-f >. cou 273 COU COTE-ARMUUE. An upper parnient, worn over the armour, and generally ornamented with armorial bearings. COTED. (1) Quoted. (Fr.) (2) Braided. Is this the meaning in Shakespeare? COTE-HARDY. A close-fitting body garment, buttoned all the way down the front, and reaching to the middle of the thigh. COTERELLE. A cottager. J'r. Pan: COTERET. A faggot. COTGARE. Refuse wool. Blount. COTH. A disease. (yl.-S.) fWAy, faint, sickly. East. Browi'e has cothish. COTHE. (1) ( i"th;saith. (2) To faint, i.ast. COTHISH. .Morose. Ray. COTIDIANLICII. Daily. {A.-N.) To strengths also his botly and his lymes In exer- cise and use cotidiaulich, that is to sey, day after day, in dedes of armes. regeciut, 3tS. Btuee 291, f. 5. COTINGE. Cutting. (A.-S.) COT -LAMB. A pet-lamb. Siiffolt. COTLAND. Land held hy a cottager in soc- cage or villenage. Keniiett. COT-QUEAN. An idle fellow ; one who husies himself in base things ; a man who interferes with females' business. A term of contempt. Perhaps a corruption of cock-quean^ q. v. COTSWOLD-LIONS. Sheep. " Have at the lyons on cotsolde," Thersites, ap. Collier, ii. 401. COTTAGE-HOVSEN. Cottages. Wilts. COTTED. Malted; entangled. Line. Also pronounced coftered, and cotty. GOTTEN. To beat soundly. Eamoor. COTTER. (1) To mend or patch. Salop. (2) To fasten. I.eic. (3) To be bewildered. West. COTTERIL. (1) A small iron wedge for securing a bolt. Also called a cutter. The term is applied to various articles implying this de- finition. (2) A cottage. Kennett. (3) A piece of leather at the top and bottom of a mop to keep it together. Line. (4) A pole for hanging a pot over the kitchen fire. South. (5) The small round iron plate in the nut of a wheel. COTTl'ltll.S. Monev. North. COTTEKLIN. A cosset lamb. East. COTTING. I'olding sheep in a harn. Ileref. COTTON. To agree; to get on well; to s"uc. cccd, or pros])er. / ar. dial. It is a common archaism. COTTY ER. A cottager. Hall. It occurs also in Piers Ploughman, p. 52'J. COTYING. The ordure of a rabbit. COTZERIE. Cheating. {Ital.) COUCH. (1) A bed of barley when germinating for malt. If the (jrafn be of a dark colour, and many corns have l>rowii ends, we juitpe them to have been heated the mow, and they seldom come well in the Aubrvy'a Wittit, MS. Uaj/ul Soc. p. 304. (2) To squat, said of the hoar, sometimes of the hare or rabbit, (3) Left-handed. East. (4) A den ; a small chamber of auv kind. COUCHE. To lay, or place. '(.^...X.) Fre- quently applied teciinically to artists' work. AUe of palle werke fyne Cowchtde with newyne. )IS. Lincoln A. I. 17, f. 1.1.1. COUCHER. A setter. COUCH-GRASS. A kind of coarse bad grass which grows very fast in arable land. COUD. (1) Cold ; called. North. (2) Knew ; was able. Pa. t. COUF. A cough. Craven. COUFLE. A tub. Rob. Glouc. p. 265. COUGH-OUT. To discover. COUHERDELY. Cowardly. who mi;t do more couhei-detn f Curmr .Vundi, SK. Coll Trin. Cantab. {. 141. COUL. (1) To pull down. North. (2) Cole, or cabbage. Somerset. (3) A large wooden tub. Formerly, any kind of cup or vessel. (4) To scrape earth together. North. (5) A swelling or abscess. Yortsh. COULD. See Coiid (2). With the infiniti\e mood it expresses a past tense, as could bi. was, coulil take, took, &c. COULDE. To chill, or make cold. COULING-AXE. An instrument used to stock up earth. Salop. COULPE. A fault. {A.-N.) COULPENED. Carved ; engraved. (,^...V.) COUL-RAKE. A scraper. North. COULTER. A plough-share. COUNDUE. To guide, or conduct. COUNDUTE. A song. (.^.-.V.) COUNFORDE. Comfort. {A^N.) COUNGE. (I) To beat. Northumb. (2) A large lump. North. (3) Permission. {A. N.') They enclined to the kyng, and coung^ thay askede. .M'.rtc Arthurs, MS. Line. f. 56. COUNGER. To shrink; Chester Plays, i. 10. To conjure ; ib. ii. 35. COUNSEL. (1) Secret; private ; silence. (2) To gain the affections. North. COUNT. To account ; to esteem. (A.-N.) Also to guess, to expect eagerly. COUNTENANCE. (I) Importance; account. In old law, what was necessary for the sup- port of a person accordmg to his rank. (2) Custom. O'nvai/ne. COUNTER. (I) Hounds are said /o //!<»/ coKH^er when they bunt backward the way the chase came ; to rint counter, when they mistake the direction of their game. (2) To sing an extemporaneous part upon the plain chant. (3) A coverlet for a bed. COUNTEK-BAH. A liuig bar for shop windows. Counter-barred, shut in with a bar on the outside. COUNTER-CHECK. A check a-ainst a check; an order to reverse another order. 18 cou 274 COU COUNTERE. An arithmetician. (^.-.V.) Ther is no countere nor clerke Con hem rekcn alle. MS. Colt. Calig. A. ii. f. 110. COUNTERFEIT. A portrait, or statue. A piece of bad money was also so called, and imitation crockery was known as coiinterfci/x. COUNTERPAINE. The counterpart of a deed. See Hall, Hemy IV. f. 12 ; Greene, i. 70. COUNTERPASE. The counterpoise. {J.-N.) ■' The conntrepase was light," Lvdgate, p. 50. COUNTERPLETE. To plead against. (A.-N.) Ageyu the trouthe who so evere stryve. Or counterplete or make any debat. MS. Digb!/ 232. f. 2. COUNTERPOINT. A counterpane. COUNTERS. Pieces resembling money for- merly used in calculations. COUNTERWAITE. To watch against. {A.-N.) COUNTIS. Accounts. COUNTISE. Art; cunning. {A.-N.) COUNTOUR. (1) A treasurer. (^.-iV.) (2) A compting-honse. Chaucer. COUNTRE. To encounter. COUNTRETAILLE. A taUy answering exactly to another. (A.-N.) COUNTRIES. The under-ground works in some mines are so called. COUNTRY. A county, far. dial. COUNTRYFIED. Rustical. Var. dial. COUNTRY-SIDE. A tract or district. North. COUNTRY-TOMS. Bedlam-beggars, q. v. In — has one proptTty of a scholar, poverty : you would take him for CouiUyy Tom broke loose from the gallows. Midsummei- Moon, or Lunacy Rampant, 166U. COUNTRY-WIT. Coarse, indeUcate mt. COUNTY. A count ; a nobleman. " Countie an erlednme, confe," Palsgrave. COUNTVRFE. To contrive. COUP. To empty or overset. North. COUPABLE. Guilty; culpable. {A.-N.) COUPAGE. A carving, or cutting up. COUP-CART. A short team. North. " A coupe-waine," Sharp's Chron. Mirab. p. 7. Rather, a long cart .' See Coop (2). COUPCREELS. A summeiset. Cuinb. COUPE. (1) A basket. Ellis, iii. 133. (2) A cup ; a vat. {A.-N.) Of hys cotfpe heservyd hym on a day. In theknyghtys chaumbur he laye. MS. Cantab. Ft. li 3K, f. 147. (3) A coop for poultry. (4) .\. piece cut oft'. Mimheu. .\lso, to cut with a sword or knife. (5) To Uaine. {A..S.) COUPE-GORGE. A cut-throat. (^.-.V.) COUPING. An onset ; an encounter. COUPIS. Coping. COUPLING. A junction. North. COUPRAISE. A lever. North. COURAGE. Heart. {A.-N.) Also, to em bolden or encourage. COURAKE. CauHculus, bot. COURBE. Curved ; bent. Hire nekke isscliorte, hire scliuldris cnurbe, Tliat my3te a mannis luste destourbe. Comr, MS. Soc. Jntiq. 134, f. 4'i, COURBULY. Tanned leather. {A.-N.) COURBY'NG. Strengthening a vessel by baiula or hoops. COURCHEF. A kind of cap. Her vourchefn were eurious, Hir face gay and gracyous. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 133. COURDEL. A small cord. Salop. COURE. (1) Heart; courage. {A.-N.) (2) To crouch down. {A.-N.) Often apphed to a brooding hen. See Florio, p. 129 ; Wright's Pol. Songs, p. 157 ; Morte d'Arthur, ii. 195. " The kyng coucris the cragge," MS. Morte Arthure, i. e. creeps up it. COURL. To rumble. North. COURSER-MAN. A groom. COURT. The principal house in a village. Also, a yard to a house, which is also called a courtatH. COURT-CUPBOARD. A moveable sideboard, generally covered with plate, and in fact used solely for that purpose, without drawers. COURT-DISH. Akiudofdrinking-cupsocalled. Gifford sadly blunders on the word in his ed. of Jonson, v. 380. COURTELAGE. Agarden,orcourt.vard.(^.-.V.) COURTEPY. A short cloak of coarse cloth. (^.-A.) Courthies, Skelton, ii. 420. COURT-FOLD. A farm-yard. Wore. COURT-HOLY-W.\TER. Insincere complimen- tary language. " To fill one with hopes or court-holy-waler," Florio, p. 215. See Cot- grave in V. Court, Eau. COURTINE. A curtain. Also, to hide behind a curtain. COURTING-CARDS. Court cards. COURT-KEEPER. The master at a game of racket, or ball. COURT-LAX. A curtle-ax. COURT-LODGE. A manor-house. Kent. COURT-MAN. A courtier. {A.-N.) COURT-NOLL. A contemptuous or famihar name for a courtier. See Brit. Bibl. i. 108 ; Hevwood's Edward IV. p. 42 ; Peele, iii. 8G. COURT-OF-GUARD. The place where the guard musters. COURT-OF-LODGINGS. The principal quad- rangle in a palace or large house. COURT-ROLLER. The writer or keeper of the rolls of a court of law. COURTSHIP. Courtly behaviour. COUSE. To change the teeth. JJ'ariv. For- merly, to exchange anj'thing, as in the ReUq Antiq. ii. 281. COUSIN. A kinsman. {Fr.) Often a familiar mode of address to a frieml. Cousin Betty, or Cousin Tom, a bedlamite beggar ; now ap- plied to a mad woman or man. COUTELAS. A cutlass. {Fr.) COUTER. A plough-coulter. North. COUTERE. A piece of armour wliich covered the elbow. Bristes the rerebrace with the bronde ryche, Kervesof at the co'tle/e with the dene egge, .Morte .4rtUure, MS. Lincoln, f. TO. cov 275 COW COUTHE. (1) Tu malvi; known, discover, pub- lish. (^.-5.) That if bt couthe herealle opinly To wite in soth whether I in chastite Have ledde my lyf of hirte faythfully, Lydpitr, MS. S'K. Aniiq. 134, f. 7. (2) Affable ; kind. {.-I.-S.) (3) A cold. NoH/i. (4) Could, part. past. COUTHER. To comfort. North. COUTHLY. Familiarity. COUVER. A domestic connected with a court kitchen. Ord. and Reg. p. 331. COUWE. Cold. Heanie. COUWEE. " Ryrae couwee," versus caudati, common final rhyme. COVANDE. A covenant. (^.-.V.) Thare salle he seme at hys wylle, Thyne covandes for to fulfille. MS. Lincoln A. I. 17, f. IKi. COVART. Secret. (J.-N.) COVAYTE. To covet ; to desire. (A.-N.) In Criste thou ciwaj/le thi solace. His lufe chaunge thi chere. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 222. COVE. (1) A cavern, or cave. Also, a small harbour for boats. (2) A lean-to, or low building with a shelving roof. COVEITISE. Covetousness. COVEL. A kind of coat. (Belg.) COVENABLE. Convenient ; suitable. Some- times equivalent to needful. COVENAWNT. Faithful. Ritson. COVENT. A convent. {A.-N.) A covenant, agreement, MS. Morte Arthure. COVERAUNCE. Recovery. {A.-N.) COVERCHIEF. A head-cloth. (//.-JV.) COVERCLE. A pot-lid. (A.-N.) COVERE. To recover. (^.-A^.) To regain, MS. Morte Arthure ; Rel. Ant. ii. 86. whan Tryamowre was hole and sowndc. And coverede of hys Rrevus wounde. MS. Ointiih. tl. ii. 38, f. 78. With myrthe and game them betwcne To ci'vw hur of hur care. il/.S. tUd. f. 85. COVERLYGHT. A coverlet. Here supellex titifi est siiperius itidumen/um tecti, Aii(/lice a coverlyght, MS. 13il). Reg. 12 B. i. f. 13. Co- verli/le, Gesta Rom. p. 133. COVERNOUR. A governor. COVER-PAN. A pan with a cover used in the pantrv. COVERT. (1) A kind of lace described in MS. Harl. 2320, f. 59. (2) Secresy. (A.-N.) Also an adj. Sometimes, covered. (3) A covering. ( or. Mi/sl. Also, a cover for game. COVERT-FEATHERS. The feathers close upon the sarcels of a hawk. COVERTINE. A covering. COVERTURE. A covering. jif he evtr thynke his bar(;ayn to acheve, He owith for to kcpe hym under the coverture Of trowthc and of connyng, this I yow ensure. MS. Cantab. Kf. l, C, f. ISl. CiA'ERYE. To take care of. {A.-N.) COVETISE. Covetousness. (A.-N.) COVEY. (1) To sit or hatch. (2) A cover for game. (3) A close room ; a pantry. See Davies' Ancient Rites, pp. 126, 142. COVINE. Intrigue; fraud; deceit; a secret contrivance ; art. In law, a deceitful compact between two or more to prejudice a third party. Also a verli, to deceive. Covinliche, deceitfully, Gy of Warwike, p. 32. And alle that are of here coveyn, Alle she bryngeth to helle peyn. MS. HarL 1701, f. 20. And thus by sleyjte and by coviyie, Aros thedertheand the famyne. Cottier, MS. Soc. Anliq. 134, f. 153. For yfr thou be offsoche cwtiyne. To geteofF love by ravyne. Thy lust yt may the falle thus. As yt fylle to Tereus. MS. Cantab, Ft. i. 6. f. 3. And whanne they be cotryned, They faynen for to make a pees. MS. Soc. Antiq 134, f. 45. COW. (1) The moveable wootlen top of a malt- kin, hop-house, &c. (2) To frighten. South. Shakespeare has cowish, timid. Also a substantive. (3^ To scrape. Craven. COW-BABY. A coward. Somerset. COW-BERRIES. Red whortle-berries. COW-BLAKES. Dried cow-dung used for fuel. Var. dial. COW-CALF. A female calf. COW-CAP. A metal knob put on the tip of a cow's horn. West. COWCIIER. A book in which the transactions of a corporation were registered. See Le- landi Itin. iv. 182. COW-CLAP. Cow-dung. Cmc-clatting, spread- ing manure on the fields. COW-CUMBER. A cucumber. Var. dial. This form occurs in HoUyband's Dictionarie, 1593. COW-DAISY. Same as eotv-plat, tj. v. COWDE. (1) A piece, or gobbet of meat. (2) Obstinate ; unmanageable. IVest. (3) Could. COWDEL. Caudle. COWDY. (1) A small cow. North. (2) Pert ; frolicsome. North, COWED. Cowardly; timid. North. A cow without horns is called cotved. COWEY. Clid)-footed. North. COW-FAT. Tlie red valerian. COWFLOP. The foxglove. Ueron. COW-FOOTED. Club-fooled. North. COWGELL. A cuilgel. JIuloet. COW-GRIPE. A gutter in a cow-stall to carry off the tilth. COW-GROUND. Cow-pasture. Glouc. COW-IIEKI). A cow-keeper. COW-JOCKEY. A beast-dealer. North. (OWK. (1) A cow's hoof. Di-ron. (2) To strain to vomit. North. Also pro- nounced coivien and cotpJter. cox 276 CRA COWL. (1) To cower down. North. (2) See Coul and Cow. (3) A poultry coop. Pr. Parv. COW-LADY. The lady-bird. A paire of buskins they did bring Of the cow-tadyes corall wing. Mu.mrum Delicite, 1656. COWLAY. A meadow for cows. COWLICK. A stiff tuft of hair on a cow. Also the same as calflick, q. v. COWLSTAFF. A staff used for carrying a tub or basket tliat has two ears. See Lambarde's Peramliulation, p. 367 ; Strutt, ii. 201. COWLTES. Quilts. Mapes.p. 334. COW-MIG. The drainage of a cow-house or dung-hill. North. COW-MUMBLE. The cow-parsnip. COWNCE. Counsel. COWNDER. Confusion ; trouble. North. COWOD. Cold. Tundale. COW-PAR. A straw-yard. Norf. COWPIN. The last word. North. COW-PLAT. A circle of cow-dung. COW-PRISE. A wood-piycon. Nort/i. COW-QUAKE. Common'spurry. East. COWRING. A term in falconry, when young hawks quiver and shake their wings, in token of obedience to the old ones. COWS. Slime ore. North. COWS-AND-CALVES. See Bulls-and-eoxrs. COWSE. To chase animals. Also, to walk about idly. West. COWSHARD. Cow-dung. CaUed also cow- sharn, cowscarn, and oows' -easings. See Coo- per in y. Scaral/tpm ; Cotgraye, in y. Bouse ; Gosson's Schoole of Abuse, 1579; Nash's Pierce Penilesse, 1592; Dekker's Knight's Conjuring, p. 31. Hartflies, they s.iy. are bred out of the dung of the deer, as beetles are out of cfircshome. ^Itibreu'a Wills, Bjoyal Soc. .VS. p. 168. COWSHUT. A wood-pigeon. Narfk. COW-STRIPLINGS. CowsUps. iVorM. Brockett has cow-stropple. A cowstrople in the month of January, 1632, was considered sufficiently curious to be presented as a new-year's gift. See Chron. Mirab. p. 21. COWT. A colt. / ■«/-. dial. COWTIIERED. Recoyered. North. COWTHWORT. The motherwort. COW-TIE. A strongrope which holds the cow's hind legs while milking. COW-TONGUED. Haxing a tongue smooth one way and rough the other, like a cow. Hence applied to one who gives fair or foul language as may suit his purpose. COW- WHEAT. The horse-flower. C0W3E. A cough. COX. Same as Cokes, q. y. Hence cor-comb, the top of a fool's cap, which was terminated with a cock's head and comb. Coxcomb was applied also to the cap and head of a fool. Co,te is app.trently an adjectiye in Hawkins. i. 236, uuless the article is supplied, as in Dodsley. Coxy, conceited, in Warwickshire. Forby has co.ry-roxy, merrily and fantasti- cally tipsy. COXON. A cockswain. COY. (1) A decoy. Also, to decoy. (2) A coop for lobsters. East. COYE. (1) To quiet ; to soothe. {A.-N.) (2) To move, or stir in anything. CO YEA. Quoth you. Yirksh. COYLLE. A coai. COYNFAYTES. Comtits. COYNTELICHE. Cunningly. COYSE. Body. {A.-N.) Awti prively, withoutenoyse. He bryngeth this foule gret coi/ge. Goner, MS. Soc. Attliq. IM, f. 49i COYSELL. A consul, or judge. {A.-N.) COYTES. Quoits. COYVE. A coif. COZE. To converse with earnestly and fami- liarly. South. CRA. A crow. East. CRAB. (1) An iron trivet to set over a fire. Chesh. (2) A potato apple. Lane. (3) To break, or bruise. North. CR.VBAT. A gorget, or riding-band. Nares savs, a cravat. CR.VBBAT. Handsome ; comely. CRABBUN. A dunghill fowl. CRABE. To fight one with another. A term in falconry. CRABER. The water-rat. CRAB-LANTHORN. An apple-jack. See p. 73. Also, a cross, forward child. CRAB-VERJUICE. Vinegar made from crabs. Sometimes, the juice itself. CRAB-WINDLASS. A windlass used on the deck of a barge. CRACCHE. To scratch. {A.-S.) CRACHED. Infirm; broken. (Fr.) Cracky still in use in Shropshire. CRACHES. The herb chickweed. CRACHYNGE. Cracking. CR.\CK. (1) A boast. Alsoaverb. Sometimes, to challenge. (2) To converse. Norf. Also, chat, conversa- tion, news. (3) Chief; excellent. In early plays, an arch, Uvely boy. (4) To restrain. North. (5) To curdle. Craven. (6) *' In a crack," immediately. (7) A blow or stroke. Also a verb, to strike or throw. (8) Crepitus yentris. North (9) A charge for a cannon. (10) To creak. Palsgrave. (11) A prostitute. North. CRACK-BRAINED. Flighty. Var. dial. CR.\CKED. Cloven. Cracked-piece, a girl who is no longer a virgin. She was then said to be cracked in the ring. This latter expres- sion was originally applied to a coin which was cracked beyond the circle containing the inscription, and then considered no longer current ; but it is used metaphorically in a va- riety of ways. CRA 2 CRACKEL. A cricket. Sorlh. C RACKER- A small baking ilish ; a small water- biscuit ; a piece of glass sliaped like a pear. North. C RACKET. A low stool. North. CR.\CKFART. A foolish boaster. CRACKHALTER. A mischievous boy. Shake- speare has the term crac/c-liemp. CRACKING-WIIOLE. A slickensUde. CRACKLE. Pork crackbng. CRACKLINGS. Crisp cakes. Sussex: More usually called cractnck. See Elyot, in v. Col- ti/ra. CRACKMAN. A hedge. CRACKOWES. Long pointed shoes, turned up in a curve. Perhaps so called from Cracow ill Poland. " With her longe cralcowis," Reliq. Antiq. i. 41. CRACKROPE. A fellow likely to be hung. A term of contempt. CRACOKE. Refuse of tallow. Pr. Pan. CRACONUM. Same as craco/te, q. v. CRACUS. A kind of tobacco. CRADDANTLY. Cowardly. North. CRADDINS. Mischievous tricks. North. CRADEL. Some part of clothing mentioned in Arthour and Merlin, p. Ill; corresponding perhaps to the cratula. See Ducange, in v. CRADLE-SCYTHE. A scythe provided with a frame to lay the corn smooth iu cutting. CRAFF. A sparrow. Ciimb. CRAFFLE. To hobble. Derbysh. CRAFTE. To deal craftily, or cunningly. Pals- grave. CRAFTESMAN. A man of skill. (.-/.-S.) CRAFTIMAN. An artificer. {.-I.-S.) CRAFTLY. Knowingly ; prudently. {A.-S.) CRAFTY. Skilfully made. {A.-S.) CRAG. (1) The craw. East. (2) A deposit of fossil sea-shells, found in the Eastern counties. (3) The neck, or throat. See Optick Glassc of Humors, 1639, p. 135 ; Ord. and Reg. p. 95. (4) A small beer vessel. CRAIER. A kind of small ship. See Hall, Hen. IV. f. 18 ; Harrison, p. 201 ; Holinshed, Hist. Engl. i. 155; Hist. Scot. p. 120; Arch. xi. 162 ; Rutland Papers, p. 42. Be thanne cogge appone cogge, kraners and other. Murte Arthurs, MS. Lincoln, f. 111. CRAISEY. The buttcr-cnp. IVilts. CKAri'H. A scar. »>.«/. CUA KANE. The refuse of tallow. CRAKE. (1) A crow. North. (2) To crack ; to break. {A.-N.) (3) To quaver hoarsely in singing. {A.-S.) (4) To brag, or boast. (5) To speak, or divulge. West. Also, to shout or cry. (6) The' land-rail. East. (7) To creak. CRAKE-liEKRIES. Crow-berries. North. CRAKE-FEET. The orchis. North. CUAKE-NEEDLES. Shepherdb'-needles. C RAKER. (1) A boaster. (2) A child's rattle. East. ■' CRA CRAKERS. Choice Enghsh soldiers in France temp. Henrv VIII. Blount. CRAKIT. Cracked. (^.-.V.) CRALLIT. Engraven. CRAM. (1) To tell falsehoods. (2) A lump of food. North. (3) To tumble or disarrange. Line. CRAMBLE. To hobble, or creep. North. CRAMBLES. Large boughs of trees. CRAMBLY. Lame. North. CRAMBO. A diversion in which one gives a word, to which another finds a rhyme. If the same word is repeated, a forfeit is demanded, which is called a crambo. It was also a term in drinking, as ajipears from Dekker. CRAME. (1) To bend. Lane. {2) To join, or mend. North. CRAMER. A tinker. North. CRAMMELY. Awkwardlv. North. CRAMMOCK. To hobble. Yorish. CRAMOSIN. Crimson. ^^.-A".) CRAMP-BONE. The patella of a sheep, con- sidered a charm for the cramp. CRAMPER. A cramp-iron. CRAMI'ISH. To contract violently. {A.-N.) CRAMPLED. Stiff in the joints. CRAMPON. The border of gold which keeps a stone in a ring. CR.UIP-RING. A ring consecrated on Good Friday, and believed to be efficacious for pre- venting the cramp. CRAMP-RINGS. Fetters. J/artnan. CUAMSINE. To scratch; to claw. CRANCH. To grind between the teeth ; to crush any gritty substance. Here doe I meane to cram-fi, to munch, to eate. Hei/uood's Hoyali King. slg. D. iii. CRANE. The eriniere. Hall. CRANE-GUTTED. Very thin. East. CRANET. (1) Sm.iU eriniere. See Hall, Henry IV. f. 12 ; Meyriek, ii. 258. (2) A small red worm. Cumh. CRANGLE. To waddle. North. CRANION. (1) The skull. Percy. (2) Small ; s|)ider-like. Jomon. CRANK. (1) Brisk; jolly; merry. (2) A vessel over-masted. (3) An impostor. Burton. (4) To mark cross-ways on bread-and-butter to please a child. Kent. (5) To creak. North. (6) To wind, as a river. Shak. Also, the bend of a river. (7) A reel for winding thread. Prompt. Parr. (8) The wheel of a well to ip and down. CRICKLE. To bend ; to stoop. Var.dial. CRICKS. Drv liedgewoo.l. ll'est. CRIED-UP. Much praised. Var. dial. ORIEL. A kind of heron. CRIEYNGES. Prayers. IVeber. CRIG. A wooden mallet. North. Also a verb, to beat. CRIINDE. Crying. Ro!i. Glouc. CRIKKET. A creek. Leland. CHILL. Chillv ; goosefleshy. Lane. CRIM. (1) To shiver. /. Wight. (2) A small portion of anything. West. CRIMANY! Interj. of sudden surprise. Some- times, crimine ' 'mminy ! CRIMBLE. ToC eep siily. Ea.it. To erim- ble-i'-th'-poke, lo ily from an agreement, to act cowardly. CRIME. Cry-; report. West. CRIMME. To crumble bread. CRIMMLE. To plait up a dress. CRIMP. (I) A game at cards. (2) A dealer in coals. Korf. (3) To be very stingy. Devon. (4) Inconsistent ; inconcUisive. CRIMPS. In the crimps, well set out in clothes. CRINCH. (1) A small bit. Glouc. (2) Same as cranch. q. v. (3) To crouch together. North. CRINCHLING. A very small apple, also called a cringUng. East. CRINCKLE. See Crimble. CRINCOMES. The lues venerea. CRINDLE. A kernel. Lane. CRINE. To shriul; ; to pine. North. CRINETTS. The long small black feathers on a hawk's head. CRINGLE. A withe or rope for fastening a gate with. North. CRINGLE-CRANGLE. A zig-zag. North. CRINITE. ILiiry. {Lat.) CRIXK. (1) A very small child. West. (2) A crumpling apple. Heref. CRINKLE. (1) To rumple. Var. dial. (2) To bend ; to waver. North. (3) To form into loops, as thread sometimes does. Line. (4) To shrink. Suffolk. CRINKLE-CRANKLE. A wrinkle. North. " Full of criiikleerankles," Cotgrave. CRINZE. A drinking cup. CRIP. To cut the hair. West. CRIPLING. Tottery. North. CRIPLINGS. Short spars at the sides of houses. CRIPPIN. See Crepiue. CRIPPLE-GAP. A hole left in walls for sheep to pass through. North. Also called a crip- ple-hole. CRIPPLIFIED. Crippled. Munday. CRIPS. Crisp ; curled. West. CRISH. Cartilage. East. CRISIMORE. A little child. Devon. No doubt from chrisome, q. v. CRISLED. Goose-fleshy. Ford. CRISOME. See Chrisome. CRISP. (1) Pork crackling. South. (2) To curl, i rispi/y wavy. (3) Fine linen ; cobweb lawn. (4) A kind of biscuit. North. CRISPE. Curled. (Lat.) CRISPING-IRON. A curliug-iron. CRISPIN'S-LANCE. An awl. CRISPLE. A curl. Also a verb. CRISSY. A crisis. East. CRISTALDRE. The lesser centaury. Gerard. Spelt Cristesladdre, and explained eentaurea 7najor, in MS. Sloane 5, f. 3. CRISTEN. A kind of plum. CRISTENDOM. Baptism. Wickliffe. Anil that bastard that to the ys dere, Cryifyjtdwmeschalle henon have here. MS. Cantab. Ff. li. 38, f. ■)». CRISTENE. Cliristian. (A.-N.) CRISTENING. Christian faith. CRISTINE. A kid. {A.-N.) GRISTING. Baptism. (^.-A'.) CRISTYGREY. A kind of fur, much used in the fifteenth century. of no devyse embroudid hath hire wede. Ne furrid with ermyn m- with crUty^-ey. L.udgate, US. Sx.Jnt:q. 134, f. 25. CRIT. A hovel. Salop. CRITCH. Stony. Line. CRITICK. The art of criticism. CRITUARY. A kind of sauce. CROAK. To die. Ouou. CROAKER. A raven. Jonson. CROAKUM-SIIIRE. Northumberland. CROAT. A bottle. SufolA. CROB. (1) A clown. North. (2) To tyrannize over. Yorksh. CROBBE. The knops of leafy buds, used as pendants from the roof. CROCARD. Some kind of bird, mentioned in Arch. iii. 157 ; Ord. and Reg. p. 223. CROCE. (1) A cross. {A.-S.) (2) A crook ; a crozier. CROCERE. The bearer of a pastoral staff, or crozier. Pr. Parv. CROCHE. (1) A crutch. (A.-N.) "Whiche wende his helpe a croche," Gower, MS. (2) The top of a stag's head, the knol) at the top of it. CROCHED. Crooked. (A.-N.) CROCHEN. The crochet in music. CROCHET. A hook. (A.-N.) CROCHETEUR. A porter. (Fr.) CROCK. (1) An old ewe. Yorksh. (2) The cramp in hawks. (3) A kind of musket. (4) Soot. Also, to black with soot. (5) A pot ; an earthen vessel. To crock, to lay up in a crock. (6) To decrease ; to decay. North. (7) Under hair in the neck. (8) The back of a fire-place. West. (9) An old laid egg. North. CROCK-BUTTER. Salt-butter. South. CEO 281 CRO CUOCKET. A large roll of hair, much worn in the time of Edward I. Be nat proud of thy rruket Yn the cherche to tyfe and set. !HS. HarU 1701, f. 22. His cnkel kembt, and theron set A nouche with a chapelet. Cower, MS. Sac. Antir/. lit, f. 171. CROCKETS. Projecting flowers or foliage used in Gothic architecture. CROCKS. (1) Locks of hair. Rel. .\nt. ii. 175. (■>) Two crooked timhers, of natural hend, form- ing an arch, seen in old huildings. North. CROCK Y. (1) Sooty. East. (2) A small Scotch cow. North. CRODART. A coward. North. CRODDY. To contest ; to strive ; to play very roughly. North. CRODE. A mole. North. CROFT. (1) A meadow near a house ; a small common field ; any inclosure. (2) \ vaidt. Kmt. CROGGED. Filled. Oxon. CROGGLE. Sour, or curdy. Yorksh. CROGUTON-liELLY. A person who eats a great deal of fruit. Lane. CROGNET. The coronal of a spear. CROICE. Across. (^.-.V.) CROISE. A drinking-cup. CROISERIE. The Crusade. (^.-A'.) CROKE. (1) Refuse ; the bad or useless part of an^thing. lAnc. (2) A kind of lance. (A.-N.) (3) A trick ; a turn. North. (4) The ordure of the hare. (5) To bend. Into the water he crokede downe. And was in perelle for to drowne. MS. Linciiln A. 1. 17, f. 125. (6) A hook. Hyt was made full weywarde. Full of cnkyi of stele harde. its. Cantab. Ff. li. 38, f. 39. CROKED. Lame ; infirm. CROKEKELY. Hookcdly. CROKER. (1) A grower of saffron. See Har- rison's England, pp. 232, 233. (2 ) X cottage without stairs. CROLLE. Curled. Kyng Alls. 1999. CROLLING. The rumbling, or grumbling of the stomach. Palsgrave. CROM. (1) To crowd. North. (2) To arrange anything. Lane. CKOME. (1) A crook; a stall' with a hook at the end of it. Norf. This term occurs in the Pr. I'arv. p. 104. (2) Pulp; kernel; the crumb. See Forme of Cury, p. 62 ; MS. Arund. 219, f. 89. {A.-S.) CROMP. Witty. O.ron. CROMPYLD. Cnmipled. CROMPYNG. Curling, said of a dog's tail. Mail/re of ttie Gamf. CRO.MSTER. A kind of vessel having a crooked prow. (Dut.) CRONE. An old ewe. Also, an old woman, generally in an opprobrious sense. These meanings are said to be connected vrith each otlier. CRONE-BERRIES. ^Vhortle-herries. CRONELL. A coronal, or garland. Also, the coronal of a lance, called crotiet, hv Hall, HenrvIV. f. 12. CRONESAXKE. The periscaria. CRONGE. A hUt, or handle. CRONIQUE. A chronicle. (A.-N.) The tale y thenke of a croni(]Ue To telle, yf that It may the like. Gower, US. Soc. Antiq. 134, f. 59. CRONK. (1) To croak ; to prate. North. (2) To perch. Yorksh. (3) To exult over with insult. Hunter's Hallamsh. Gloss. CRONNY. Merry ; cheerful. Deri. CRONOGRAPHY. A history. Jlall. CRONY'. An intimate friend. CROO. (1) Tocoo. North. (2) A crib for cattle. Lane. CROOCH. To crouch down. O.ron. CROODLE. To cower ; to crouch ; to cuddle. Also, to feel cold. CROOK. (1) The devil. Somerset. (2) The crick in the neck. (3) A chain in a cliimney for hanging boilers on. A'orlh. (4) A bend or cimature. Also a verb, to make crooked. CROOKEL. Tocoo. North. CROOKEN. To bend. Yorksh. CROOK-LUG. A long pole with a hook at the end of it, used forpuUing down dead branches of trees. Gloiic. CROOKS. (1) The furniture of pack-horses; long ])ieces of timber, sharpened above, and bent in a particular manner, to support burdens on horses. Devon. (2) Hinges. North. CROOL. To mutter ; to murmur. CROOM. A small portion of anj-thing. So- merset. CROON. To bellow ; to roar. North. Also, to murmur softly. CROONCH. To encroach. East. CROOP. To rake together; to be miserly. Devon. CROOPB.\CK. A hump-back. CROOPY. (1) Hoarse. North. (2) To crecj) ; to bend. Dorset. CHOOSE. .\n assistant to the banker at the game of basset. CROOT. Same as crool, q. v. CROP. (1) The gorge of a bird. "Neck and crop," completely, entirely. (2) \ shoot of a tree, grown in one season. North. Properly, the head or top of a tree, the extreme shoot ; any shoot ; a sprig of a plant. (3) The spare-rib. i'ar. dial. (4) The top. (A.-S.) And of the hilles he ttllclh there aryjte How heschalle btiwe hctn and I he crw^tpw hewc. Ltidgatr, its. Sue. Anlit. 134, f. 18. 18* CRO 282 CRO (5) To crop the causey, to walk unyieldingly down the centre. CROPE. (1) Crept. (J.-S.) This lady tho was crope aside, As sche that wolde hireselven hide. Cvtrer, MS. Soc. .-Ititiq. IW, f. t«. (2) To creep slowly. East (3) The crupper, fl'eber. (4) The finial of a canopy, &c. (5) A hand, or fillet. (.t/.-A') (6) Crooked. Pakgrare. CROPIERS. The housings on a horse's back. {A.-N.) GROPING. The surface of coal. CROPONE. The buttock or haunch. {A.-N.) CROPORE. The crupper. {A.-N.) CROP-OUT. To appear above the surface, as a stratum of coal, &c. CROPPEN. (1) Crept. North. (2) To eat, as a bird. {.-l.-S.) (3) The crop of a hen. Cumb. CROPPY. A. Roundhead. CROP-RASII. The loose soft stone above the solid vein. Jl'arw. CROP-WEED. The black matfellon. CROSE. A crosier. CROSHABELL. A courtezan. Kent. CROSS. (1) To cashier. (2) A piece of money. (3) The liorizontal piece near the top of a dagger. (4) To dislodge a roe-deer. Also, to double in a chase. (5) To keep the crop, to monopohze the market place. (6) To cleave the back-bone, a term in cutting up deer. CROSS-AND-PILE. The game now called heads-and-taik. See Nomeuclator, p. 299. CROSS-BARS. Abov'sgame. CROSS-BATED. Cliequered. CROSS-BITE. To swindle ; to cheat ; to de- ceive. Cros.f-bite, cross-biter, a swindler. Florio has, " Fnrbiire, to play the cheater, the cimnie-catcher or erosse-biter." CROSS-DAYS. The three days preceding the feast of Ascension. CROSSE-BACCED. Having a bar through, as shot. See Ord. and Reg. p. 272. Qu. crosse- barred ? CROSSED. Taken the cross. CROSSE-ISLED. A church with transepts is so called. CROSSELET. A crucible. {A.-N.) CROSS-EYE. A violent squint. East. CROSS-GARTERED. Having the garters crossed on the leg. CROSS-GRAINED. Not straight grained, as wood. Hence, obstinate, peevish. CROSS-LAY'. A cheating wager. CROSSLET. A frontlet. CROSS-MORGANED. Peevish. North. CROSS-PATCH. A peevish cliild. Also called a cross-pot. CROSS-PATE. The cross at the top of a ball held by a sovereign. CROSS-PURPOSES. A child's game. Also, confusion and difficulties. CROSS-QUARTERS. Diagonal openings in the turret of a building. CROSS-ROW. The alphabet. CROS'S-SOMER. A beam of timber. CROSS-SWORD. One with a cross-bar foi its guard. CROSS-THE-BUCKLE. A peculiar and diffi- ciUt step in rustic dancing. CROSS-TOLL. A passage toll. CROSS-TRIP. In wrestling, when the legs are crossed one within the other. CROSS-VEIN. One vein of ore crossing an- other at right angles. CROSS-WEEK. Rogation week. CROSS-WIND. To warp ; to twist. North. Thou maist behold how it is scorcht with love, And every way c)o««'ou»rfed with desire. Womayi in the Monne, 1597. CROSTELL. A wine-pot. CROSWORT. Ilerba Crimatica, hot. CROTCH. (1) A crutch. East. (2) Same as clift, q. v. (3) A post with a forked top,usedin building,&c. (4) The place where the tail of an animal commences. CROTCH-BOOTS. Water boots. East. CROTCH-BOUND. Lazv. East. CROTCHED. (1) Cross ; peevish. East. (2) Crooked ; hooked. North. CROTCHET. A metal hook. CROTCII-ROOM. Length of the legs. CROTCH-STICK. A crutch. East. CROTCH-TAIL. A kite. Essex. CROTCH-TROLLING. A method of trolling or aiigUng for pike. Norf. CROTE. A clod of earth. CROTELS. The ordure of the hare, rabbit, or goat. iVlso called croteys and crothing. The Maistre of the Game, MS. Bodl. 546, has crotet/nge of the hart. CROTEY. Soup ; pottage. {A.-N.) CROTONE. A dish in cookery, described in the Forme of Cury, p. 34. CROTTE. A hole ; a comer. {A.-N.) CROTTLES. Crumbs. North. CROTTLING. Friable. North. CROU. A hut ; a sty. Devon. CROUCH. A tinnble ; wrinkle. Oxon. CROUCHE. ( 1) A piece of money. Come hiilcr to me. sone, and loke wheder In this purse whether ther be eny cros or ct-nuche. Save nedel and threde and themel of lether. Occleve, MS. Soc. Antiq. 134, f. 234. (2) To sign witli the cross. (A.-S.) Also, a cross. Hence Crutclted Friars. CROUCHMAS. Christmas. Tusser. CROUD. (1) To coo. North. (2 ) The crj-pt of a church. (3) A coarse apple pasty. Wilts. ( 4 ) A fiddle. Also a verb. CROUDE. To shove together. {A.-S.) CROUDEWAIN. A cart ; a waggon. Perhaps a kind of baiTow. CRO 283 CRU CROCHHE. A pan ; a pitcher. CROUKE. (1) A crow. Nort/i. (2) An earthen pitcher. (j^.-S.) (3) To hend. (J..S.) CROULE. Curled. Chaucer. CROUME. Sliaq) ; cutting. (^.-N.) CROUN. The circle of hair produced by the priestly tonsure. (.•/.-A'.) CROUNCORN. A rustic pipe. CROUNMENT. A coronation. (.-t.-X.) CROUP. (1) To croak. North. (2) A disease in poultn.'. (,S) The ridge of the back. (//.-.V.) (4) To stoop ; to crouch, t'umb. (5) The craw; the belly. Also, the buttock or haunch. CROUPY-CRAW. The raven. North. CROUS. (1) Merr)-; brisk; lively; bumptious. " Cruse or crous, saucy, malapert, Bor." Ken- nett, MS. Lansd. 1033. Evidently connected with cms, wTathful, Havelok, 1966 ; and hence perhaps crusty. The following is an instance of the word in the same sense as in Havelok. Ajeyn hera was lie kene and crous. And seitle, goth out of my Fadir hous. Cursor Mundi, MS. Cull. Trin. Canlab. f. HI. (2) To catterwaul ; to provoke. East. CROUSLEY. To flatter ; to court. Devon. CROUTH. A fiddle ; a croud, q. v. CROUWEPIL. The herb crane-biU. CROW. (1) A cattle-crib. Lane. (2) An iron gavelock. North. (3) To claim. Somerset. (4) To pull or pluck a crow, to complain or quarrel with any one. (5) To give the crow a pudding, to die. Shat. (6) A pigstv. Devon. crow-beLl. In a ground of mine called Swices growes abun- dantly a plant called by the people hereabout trotv- hells, which I never saw anywhere but there. Mr. Rob. Good, M.A. tells me that these crow-bti//^ have blew flowers, and are common to many shady places in this countrey. Aubrey' I Willi, Roi/al S :c. MS. p. 126. CROW-BERRY. Empetrum nii/rum, Lin. CROWCII. (1) A crutch. Percy. (2) Crooked. Iluloet. CKOW-COAL. Inferior coal. Cumb. CROWD. (1) To wheel about. Norf. (2) To move one thing across another ; to make a grating noise. (3) Congealed milk. North. CROWIJ-BARROW. A wheel-barrow. Norf. CROWDING. A barrow. Pa.ston. CROWDI.ING. Timid ; dull ; sickly. West. CROWD Y. A mess of oatmeal, generally mixed with milk. North. CROWDY-KIT. A small fiddle. West. CROWDY-MAIX. A riotous a.sseinbly ; a cock- fight; a crowded mixture. North. CROWDY-MUTTON. A fiddler. CKOWDY-PIE. An api.lc-turnover. West. CROW-FEET. The wrinkles which spread from the outer comers of the eve. CROWFLOWER. The crow-foot. North. CROWISH. Spirited; pert. North. CROWKEEPER. A boy employed to scart crows from land, in former times armed with a bow. East. CROWL.\NDE. Exuhing; boasting. CROWLE. To grumble, or make a noise in the stomach. CROW-LEEK. The hyacinth. CROWN. To hold an inquest. North. See Sharji's Chron. Mirab. pp. 4, 88. CROWNACLE. A chronicle. CROWNATION. A coronation. Miege. CROWNED-CUP. A bumper. CROWNER. A coroner, lor. dial. CROWNET. A coronet. CROWNING. Slightly arched. East. CROWN-POST. In building, the post which stands upright between the principal rafters. CROWNS. Crowns-of-lhe-su», a gold crown so called from the mint mark, worth about 4s. Gd. Crowns-of-the-rose were coined by Henry VIII. in 1526, and worth the same sum. CROW-PARSNIP. The dandelion. CROWPYNE. A crupper. Pr. Pan. CROWSIIELL. The fresh-water muscle. CROWS-NEST. Wild parsley. CROWSOPE. The herb Samponaria. CROWSTONE. The top stone of the gable end of a house. CROWT. To pucker up. CROW-TIME. Evening. East. CROW -TOE. The ranunculus. CROW -TRODDEN. Having crow-feet, q. v. CROY'DON-SANGUINE. A sallow colour. CROYN. To cry, as deer do in rutting time; to murmur low. CROYZ. The cross. CROZZILS. Half-burnt coals. Yorksh. CRUB. A crust, or rind. Devon. CRUBBIN. Food. West. CRUBBY. Dry crusty bread. Devon. CRUBS. The wooden supporters of panniers, or batjs, on a horse. West. CRUCCllEN. To crouch. {AS.) CRUCE. Same as croise, q. v. They had sucked such a juce Out of the pood ol*: crttcf, Wherin they founde no dregges, That ncylher of tlicm his hod Couldc cary home to his bed. For lacke of better legges. Tilt Untucki« Firmenttc, CRUCHE. A bishop's crosier. CRUCHET. A wood-pigcou. North. CRUCIAR. A crmifier. Wickliffe. CRUCK. A crock, or pot. Junius. CRUCKLE. To hend ; to stoop. East. CRUD. (1) Crowded. East. (2) Carted ; put in a cart, or barrow. Hence, conveyed. (3) To coagulate, liaret CRUDDLE. To co.agid.-itc ; to curdle. Also, to crowd or huddle. CRUDELEE. To crv like a iiheasant. CRUDLE. To shudd'er, or shake. North. CRUDLY. Crumbling. Salop. CRU 284 CUB CRUDS. Curds. (^.-5.) CRUEL. (1) Very. Tar. dial. (2) Keen ; valiant. (3) Sad. E.nnoor. (4) Fine -worsted. (5) A cowslip. Devon. CRUELS. The shingles. Yorksh. CRUETS. The vessels which contained wine and water for the service of the altar. CRUIVES. Enclosed spaces in a dam or weir for taking salmon. North. CRUK. A bend, or shoot. Salop. CRUKE. A crooked staff. (A.-S.) Bi the tane of the laykanesthat thou sent us, the whiiko es made of wandez and crukez donwardez at the over-end, we understand that alle the kyngez of the werlde, and alle the grete lordez salle lowte title us. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 6. CRULE. (1) See Crtiel(i). (2) To curl. (J.-S.) His hondes otherwhile to quake. Hit cropeth crulyng in his bake. Cursor Muudi, MS. Cult. Trin. Cantnb. f. 23. (3) To shiver with cold. Also, to crouch near the fire when cold. CRUM. To stuff. North. CRUMBLES. Crumbs. East. CRUMCAKES. Pancakes. North. CRU.ME. A small portion. {A.-S.) CRUMENAL. A purse. Spmser. CRU.MMY. (1) Plump ; fleshy. North. (2) A cow with crooked horns. CRUMP. (1) Hard; crusty. North. Also, to eat a crusty loaf. (2) Out of temper. North. (3) The cramp. Var. dial. {i) Crooked. Crttmp-back, &c. " Crumpt or crookt," Nomenclator, p. 44. (5) The rump. North. CRU.MPLE. (1) To rumple. Var. dial. (2) To wrinkle ; to contract. West. Crumple- footed, having no movement with the toes. CRUMPLED. Twisted ; crooked. Crumponde, Wright's Pol. Songs, p. 329. CRUMPLING. Same as Crinchling, q. v. Hence, a diminutive or deformed person. CRUMPLY. Wrinkled. Devon. CRUMPY. Short ; brittle. North. CRUNCH. To crush. Var. dial. CRUNCKLE. To creak. Howell. Cotgrave, " to creake like a crane." CRUNDLES. Scorbutic swelUngs. Devon. CRUNE. To bellow ; to roar. North. CRUNEY. To whine. Devon. CRUNKLE. To rumple. Var. dial. CRUP. Crisp ; short ; suriy. South. CRUPEL. A cripple. Rel. Ant. i. 243. Meseles are hole and ti-upt>ls go rijl, Deefe han herynge, and biynde hao sijl. Cursor Munrti, MS. Coll. Trill. Cantah. t. 81. CRUPYARD. The crupper. Topsell. CRUS. See Croiis. CRUS.\DO. A Portuguese coin, mentioned by Webstei, i. 69 ; Harrison, p. 219. CRUSE. Same as cruce q. v. See Florio, p. 226 ; Nomeuclalor, p. 233 ; Collier's Old Bal- lads, p. 34 ; HoUnshed, Hist. Engl. i. 63. CRUSH. Gristle. East. To crush a cup, to finish a cup of liquor. CRUSKE. An earthen vessel. CRUSSEL. Gristle. East. Also cmstle. Min- sheu has the first form. CRUSTADE. A dish in cookery, described in MS. Sloane 1201, f. 32 ; Warner's Antiq. Cu- hn. p. 65 ; Ord. and Reg. pp. 442, 452 ; crus- tard, Pegc^e's Forme of Curv, p. 70. CRUSTATfON. The cusps 6f window?. CRUSTIVE. Covered with crust. CRl'STY. Surlv ; cross. I'ar. dial. CRUT. A dwarf. North. CRUTCHET. A perch. JVarw. CRUTCH-NIB. The lower, or right hand handle of a plough. CRUTTLE. (1) A crumb. North. (2) To curdle. Northumi. (3) To stoop down ; to fall. North. CRY'. (1) Out of all crv', out of all estimation. Nares. " Cry you mercy," I beg your pardon. (2) The giving mouth, or the music of hounds. (3) To challenge, bar, or object to. Somerset. (4) A proclamation. (.i.-S.) (5) The head. (.^.-A'.) CRYANCE. Fear. (^.-.V.) CRY'D-NO-CIIILD. A woman cried down by her husband. Lane. CRYING-OUT. An accouchement. CRYING TIIE-MARE. An ancient sport in Herefordshire at the han'est home, when the reapers tied together the tops of the last blades of corn, and standing at some distance, threw their sickles at it, and he who cut the knot had the prize. Also called crving-the-neck. CRY'KE. A creek. Prompt. Pan, CRYMOSIN. Crimson. CRYSEN. Cries. Audelay, p. 2. CRYSINEDE. Christened. (^.-A^) Cowle fulle cramede of crysinede childyre. Morte Arthuie. MS. Lincoln^ f. 64. CRYSOME. See Chrisome. And founde in a ti-ysome oure Savyour swote, A blessyd chylde formyd in blode and bone. MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 46. CRYSTALL. The crest .= Befyse smote Quore with Mordelay Upon the helme on hye, That the cryttaU downe fleye. MS. Cantab. Ff. ii.38, f. 123. CRYSTALS. The eves. Shak. CRYSTENDE. Christened. {A.-N.) CRYSTYANTE. Christendom. (^.-A'.) CRYZOM. ^^'eaklv. Craven. CU. A cow. (.^.-X) CUB. (1) A chest, or bin. North. (2) A crib for cattle. (Jlouc. Also, to coop up, or confine in a coop. (3) .4 lump or heap of anything ; a confused mass. (4) A martern in the first year. See Blome's Gent. Ree. ii. 75. Also, a young fox. CUB.\. A game at cards. CUBBORD. A sideboard. LiteraUy, a table for holding the cups. It sometimes had doors. cue 285 CUL CUB15Y-H0LE. A snug place. Var. dial. CUBLR. A cover. {J.-X.) CUCCU. A cuckoo. (J.-S.) CL'CK. (1) To place a woman in the cucking- stool, q. V. (2 i To cast ; to throw. North. CUCK-BALL. Same as cuckoo-lall, q. v. CUCKING-STOOL. An engine formerly used for the punishment of women, hy ducking them in the water, after they were placed in a stool or chair fixed for the purpose. Tlie chair was sometimes in the form of a close stool, and the liack of it generally ornamented with ])ictures of devils tlying away with scolds, &c. It was originally used for the punishment of offences against the assize, Rehq. Antiq. ii. 176, but was afterwards employed for scolds and prostitutes, and continued in vogue in some places till the middle of the last century. The sitting in the chair with the feet and head hare was also used as penance unaccompanied with the ducking, and the form of the stool of course contrilnited to increase the degrada- tion. See further in Wright's Arclia;ological Allmm, No. 2. Item if an womm.in comme onto this lordstiep an wold be Itept privee witiiynne, and it be not the steweholdirs wil, thei shal doo the officers for to wite upon the peine of xl. s. and the same womman shal be take and made a fyne of xx. s. and be sette thries upon de c-oki/tigeaCoele, and than forswere the lordship. MS. Budl. e Mm. 229. CUCKOLD. The plant hurdock. Cuckold's- buttons, the burrs on it. CUCKOLD'S-IIAVEN. A spot on the Thames, a little below Rotherhithe, frequently alluded to by our early %\Titcrs. CUCKOLU'S-KNOT. A noose tied so that the ends point lengthways. CUCKOO. The harebell. Dnnn. CUCKOO-ALE. Ale drunk out of doors to wel- come the cuckoo's retiu'u. CUCKOO-B.VLL. A light ball for children, made of parli-coloured raes. CUCKOtJ-BREAU. The wood-sorrel. CUCKOO-l'LOWEU. Orchis mamUa, Lin. The beautiful wild lychnis Jtoncii/i. Gerard, p. 201, " wilde water-cresses or cuckow flow- ers, cardamine." Nares has given a wrong explanation. CUCKOO-LAMB. Early lamb. 0.ron. A late yeaned land). JVarir. ClJCKOO-AL\LT. Malt made in the summer months. Il'nrw. CUCKOO'S-MAIDEN. The wryneck. North. CUCKOG'S-M.VTE. The barlcv-bird. East. CUCKOO-SPICE. The wood-sorrel. CUCKOO-SPIT. The white froth which en- closes the larva of the ciciiila i/jnmll. Trin. Otnlah. f. 45. CURNOCK. Four bushels of corn. CURPEYS. Sec Conrlepy. Vn curtclhs and in ctirpcijs ryche They were y-clothyd alle y-lyche. MS. Cantab. Kf. i. 6, f. 6. CURRAIGE. Courage. CURRAKE. A cow-rake. Chesh. CURRALL. Coral. See Cotgrave, in v. GriV/.c tier ; Brome's Songs, 1661, p. 31. CUKRAN-BERRIES. Currants. A'oWA. CURRANT. A high leap. /. mt/lit. CURRE. A kind of waegon. (^.-.V.) CURREIDEN. Courted; curried favour. CURREL. A rill, or drain. Eauf. CURRETTER. A canvasser ; a broker. CURREYE. A waggon train. Ilelier. CURRIED. Wrought, as steel is. CURRISH. Churiish ; surlv. CURROUR. A runner, (lat.) CURRULE. A chariot. (Lat.) CURRY. To flog ; to beat, horl/i. CURRYDOW. A flatteier. (Fr.) CURRYFAVEL. One who curries favour; a flatterer. (Fr.) CUURYPIG. A sucking-pig. Illlfs. CURSE. The eomse or time. With an orloge one highte To rynge the curse of the nyght. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17. f. 13i;. CURSEDNESS. Wickedness ; shrewishness. CURSELARY. Curson-. S/iak. CURSEN. To christen. Cumd. CURSENMAS. Christmas. .Vor/A. CURSETOR. A viigabmid, or vagrant. An old cant term. According to Grose, a pettit'ogger. CURSORARY. Cursory. S/ir.i. CURST, lll-tcmpercd ; cross-grained; malig- nant; malicious; abusive. Vicious, applied to anim.ils. An arctiaixm and prov. CURSTY. Christopher. North. CURSY. Courtesy, hilly. CURT. Court. (A.-N.) CURTAIL-DOG. Originally the dog of an nn- qualilied person, which liy the forest laws must have lis tail eiit short, partly as a mark, and partly from a notion that the tail is ne- cessary to him in running. In later usage, curfait-ihy means either a common dog, not meant for sjjort, or a dog that missed his game. Narex. CURTAINERS. Curlains. Lane. CUKTAL. A docked horse; any cropped aui- cus 288 CUT mal. " I nyll eutte of my horse tayle, and make hym a courlault" Palsgrave. In the cant language, a heggar with a short cloak. There was a kind of cannon also so called, as appears from Hall, Henrv VIII. f. 43. CCRTE. (1) Court. Audelay, p. 17. (2 1 Courtesy. Reliq. Antiq. i. 82. (3) Short. (.^.-A'.) CURTEIS. Courteous. (.^.-.V.) CURTELE. A kntle. God made hem thonne mi-teJeg of hide, Therwith her flesshe for to shriile. Cursor Miindi, MS. Canfab. f. 6. CUETELS. The nenes of the l)ody. CURTESY-MAN. A polite thief; one of the ancient swell-mob. CURTILAGE. A yard, or paddock. CURTLE-AX. A cutlass. Sometimes curtlasse, as in Du Bartas, p. 3G0. CURTNURS. Curtains. Lane. CURTOLE. A kind of fine stuff. Perhaps a kirtle in I Promos and Cassandra, i. 4. CURVATE. Curved; bent. (Lai.) CI. RVEN. To cut ; to carve off. [A.-S.) CURY. Cookery. (^.-.V.) CURYSTE. Curiosity. {A.-y'.) CUS. A kiss. North. CUSCKCNE. A cushion. Pr. Pan. CUSH.^T. A ringdove, or wild pigeon. CUSHIA. The cow-parsnip. North. CUSHIES. Armour for the thighs. CUSHION. A riotous kind of dance, formerly very common at weddings, generally accom- panied with kissing. See Brit. Bibl. ii. 270. To be put beside the cushion, to be passed over with contempt. To hit or miss the cushion, to succeed or fail in an attempt. CUSHIONET. A small cushion. {Fr.) See the Citve Match, 1639, p. 11. CUSHIOX-LORD. A lord made by favom-, and not for good service to the state ; hence, an effeminate person. CUSHION-MAN. .A chairman. East. CUSHION-RUMPED. Having two large bun- dles of fat on the nmip. Norlfi. CUSHION-THUMPER. Amethodist preacher. Var. dial. CUSH-LO\'E. A term of endearment used to a cow. Also, ciis/iii-coif. CUSHY-COW-LADY'. A lady-bird. CUSK. The wild poppy. Wane. CUSKIN. A drinking cup. " A cup, a cusiin," Nomenclator, p. 232. CUSKY. A couch ? Urry, p. 597. CUSP. In astrology, the begintung or entrance of a house. CUSS. Surlv ; shrewish. Susse.r. CUSSE. To'kiss. (A.-N.) CUSSEN. Cast ; dejected. North. CUSSIN. A cushion. CUST. See Cast (1). CUSTARD. The schoolmaster's ferida, or a slap on the fiat hand with it. Also called custick, or custis. CUSTARD-POLITIC. The large custard pre- pared for the Lord Mayor's feast. CUSTE. Kissed. {A.-N.) CUSTIN. A wild plum. Somerset. CUSTOMABLE. Customary. CUSTOMAL. A collection of customs. Lam- barde's Perambulation, ed. 1596, p. 539. CUSTOMAUNCE. A custom. Lydgate. CUSTOME. To accustom one's self. Also,toiJay the legal custom or dutv. CUSTO.MER. Accustomed. (.^.-.V.) CUSTRELL. One who carried the arms of a knight. See Hall, Henry- VIII. f. 6. CUT. (1) .A familiar name for an animal, gene- rally a horse, properly one with a short or cut tail. Hence, a term of reproach. " Cut and long tail,'' all kinds of dogs, everything, a very common phrase, unquoted instances of which occur in Harrison's England, p. 62 ; Stani- hurst, p. 25. It corresponds to our taij, ray, and bobtail. (2) A slow-worm. North. (3) A whore. Also, cunnus. (4) To draw cuts, to draw lots. Slips of unequal length are held in the hand of one party with the ends peeping out, and be who draws the longest is the winner. This operation was sometimes a mere sport. (5) A canal. Var. dial. (6) To say ; to speak. Harman. (7) To castrate. Var. dial. (8) A skein of yarn. North. (9) To beat soundly. Devon. (10) To scold ; to quarrel. (11) A door-hatch. Somerset. (12) Drunk ; tipsy. Var. dial. (13) Cut and run, cut ponr stick, he off, he gone. Cut away, to proceed expeditiously. Cnl-in- ihe-coxcomb, cut-in-the-back, drunk, tipsy. Cut vp, mortiiied. Cut up u'etl, to die rich. CUTBERDOLE. Brank-ursine. CUTE. Shrewd ; clever ; quick ; active ; expe- ditious. Var. dial. CUTES. The feet. North. CUTH. Taught ; instructed. {A.-S.) CUTHA. Quoth he. East. CUTIIE. (1) .Made known. {A.-S.) (2) Acquaintance, relationship. CUTHER. An interj. of surprise. CUTLINS. Oatmeal grits. North. CUT-MEAT. Hay; fodder; chaff, cut into short lengths. North. CUT-PURSE. A thief. CUTS. A timber-carriage, tine. CUTTED. Cut ; split ; formed, or shaped. CUTTEN. Cut down. North. CUTTER. (1) To fondle. Laue. (2) A robljer ; a ruffian. Also, a rough swagger- ing fighter. (3) To speak low ; to whisper. North. (4) An engraver. North. CUTTERING. Cooing. North. CUT-THROAT. A highway robber. Hence, anv evil looking fellow. CUTTING. Swaggering ; ruffling. CUTTING-KNIFE. A large triangular instru- ment for cutting hay. South. DAD 289 DAF CUTTINC.-THE-NECK. The same sport as cning-the-mare, q. v. CUTTLE. The knife used by a thief in cutting purses. Dckker. CUTTl.E-HE.VDED. Foolish. Hallamsh. (lloss. Possibly connected with cut lie, 2 Henry IV. ii. 4, tliougbtlie commentators have not noticed that a similar phrase is pre\nously used by Doll Tear-slieet in the same scene, " hany yourself, vou muddv cnnger, hang yourself!" CUTTY. (1) A wren.' Somerset. (2) Small ; diminutive. North. (3) A knife. Sorth. (4) A hol>goblin. Somerset. (5) A cradle, frest. CUTTY-GUN. A short pipe. North. CUT-WAST. An insect. Topsell. CUTWITH. The bar of the plough to which the traces are tied. CUT-WORK. Open work in linen, stamped or cut by hand. Nares. CUY'L. The fimdament. (A.-N.) CUYP. To stick up. Norf. CUZ. A contraction of cousin. CWENE. When. CWERTERNE. A prison, r-'ers/effan. (WINE. A fiucm. Verslegan. CWITH. A will, or testament. Verstegaii. CYBERE. Sinoper. Caxton. CYCLAS. The siglaton, a military garment, not unlike a Dalmatic, but shorter before than behind. It was made of woven gold, some- times of silk, and emblazoned. CYLING. Ceiling. IV. Iforc. CYLK. A kind of sauce. CYLOURS. The ceiling. Maundetile. CY'MAR. A loose gown or robe ; any slight covering. (Fr.) CYMBALED. Played on a cymbal. She cymbaled, lorablyng with alle, Alle wondride on hir in the halle. Cursor Mundi, MS. Cotl. Trin. Cantitb. f. 82. CYME .' Macbeth, v. 3, ed. 1 623. An error for senna. No editor observes that the second folio reads cceni/. CYNE. A kind of sauce. CYNEBOTE. The cenegild. CYPIIEL. Houseleek. North. CYPHER. Tocyjilier otT a square edge, to make two edges for that one. A joiner's term. CYPUR. The cypress tree. CYRIP. Sirrup.' Pegge. CYTHER. Cider. (A.-N.) CYVE. A sieve. Translated by eriinT of Lowe Degre, 36. Pcre and appille bothe rippe th;iy were. The date and als the damute,-. MS. Ltncuh, A. i. 17, f. IJO. DAMASKING. Dam,tsk-\vork. DAMASK-WATER. A perfumed water. DAMASYN. The damson. Palsgrave. DAM BE. To damn. Dekker. DAMliET. A rascal. Vikkfr. DAME. Mistress ; lady. Now used in humlile life. Also, mother, as in Perceval, 330, 1091. DAMIGEllOUS. Injurious. DAMMAREL. An effeminate person, fond of courtship and dallying. (Fr.) DAMMY-ISOYS. Same as Angrij-boijs, q. v. See J. Cleavcland Revived, 1660, p. 38. DAMN. To condemn to death. DAMNIFY. To hurt, or iujure. At the same time this earthquake also much damnifii'd Cartel Nuovo and the neighbour towns in Albania, belonging to t-he Turks, with a great de- struction of the Inhabitants. Aubrcy't Wills, Roi/al Soc. MS. p. 109. DAMOSEL. A damsel. (^.-.V.) DAMP. (1) Dejection. Becon. (2) A liquid refreshment. (3) Rainy ; very wet. Oxon. DAMPER. A luncheon. Also, anything said or done to check another. DAMPNE. To condemn. {A.-N.) Dampny, Launfal, 837. DAMSAX. Abroad a.Ne. "A damsax he bar on his bond," Gy of Warwike, p. 124. DAM-STAKES. The inclined plane over which the water flows. DAMYCELLE. A damsel. (.^.-A'.) DAN. (1) Sciuf on animals. Eaat. (2) Lord ; sir ; a title commonly given to monks, but more extensively used. (Lat.) (3) Than. (A.-S.) DANAMARKES. Danes. Aud thus the derfe Danamarkef had ilyghte alle theyre chippys. Jtferft Arthure, MS. Limnln, f. 91. DANCE. A journev. Var. dial. DANCES. Statutes. Bailti/. DANCH. Dainty ; nice. Sorth. DANDER. (1) Anger. Var. dial. 2) Scurf; dandriff. Nort/i. 3) To hobble. Cunib. (4) To wander about. Also, to talk incohe- rently. ( hesh. D.\N"DILLY. A vain woman. Line. DANDIPRAT. A dwarf, or child. Grose says, " an insignificant or trifling fellow." Also an inferior coin, not current, but in occasional use in the sixteenth century. Camden says it was coined by Henrj' VII. DANDLING. A fondhng child. DANDRIL. A thump. Line. DANDY. Distracted. Somerset. DANDY-CANDY. Canihed sweetmeats. Newc. DANDY-COCK. Or dandy-ken, one of the Bantam breed. Var. dial. DANE. Noise ; clatter ; din. East. DANEIS. Danish. (.V.-A'.) DANES-BLOOD. Danewort. Danea-bh^tM, (ebulus,) about Slaughtonford, Is plenty. There was heretofore a great figlit with the Danes, which made the inhabitants give it that name. ^ubrey't H i7(», MS. Royal Soc. p. 120. DANG. (1) An imprecation, perhaps a softening of damn. It is very common in the provinces. (2) To throw down, or strike with violence. " Daiig'd down In hell," Marlowe, iii. 352. Danffe, struck, Eglamour, 550. DANGER. (1) A dangerous situation. (A.-iX.) Also, coyness, spariugncss. (2) Debt. Merch. Yen. iv. 1. DANGERE. Lordship, or dominion ; the power which the fcuilal lord possessed over his vas- sals. (.-I.-N.) DANGERFUL. Dangerous. DANGEROUS. (1) In danger. IVesl. (2) Difficult ; sp.tring. (,/.-A'.) (3) .Vrrogaut; supercilious. DANtiU. A dungeon ; a tower. (./.-A'.) DANGUS. A slattcru. Lane. BAR 292 DAT DANGWALLET. a spendthrift. Explained iu some dictionaries, abundantly. DANK. Moist ; damp. One the danke of the dewe many dede lyg^ys. Morre Arthur-e, MS. Lincoln, f. 92. DANKER. A dark cloud. North. DANKISH. Moist. Hiiloef. D.\NN'ACK. A gaiter or buskin. Notf. D.VNNET. A bad character. Nort/i. D.iNNIES. Grev stockings. Serb. DANNOCKS. (1) Oat cakes. iXort/i. (2) Hedger's gloves. £ast. D.\NS. Yearling sheep. East. DANSERS. Dancing dogs. DANSKE. Denmark. Also, Danish. D.\NT. (1) A profligate woman. Sielton. (2) To tame. Du Bartas, p. 369. Also, to re- duce metals to a lower temper. DANTON. To tame, norio, p. 11. DAP. (1) To hop. Somerset. (2) A hop ; a turn. Hence, the habits of any one. West. (3) Fledged. Yorksh. (4) The nip of a key. DAPPER. Active'; smart. Var. dial. DAPPERLING. A dwarf, or child. D.\PS. Likeness. Devon. DAPSILITY. Handiness. D.\R. (1) More dear; dearer. North. Thy bare body ys darve to me Then all the gode In Crystyant^. MS. Cantab. Ff. il. 38, f. 172. DARDY. Ready monev. Var. dial. DARCELL. The long-tailed duck. D.\RC1ELL. A herb mentioned by Palsgrave, but without the French term for it. DARE. (1) To stare. (.^.-S.) (2) To tremble ; to quake for fear. Tyl sche come thcder sche wolde not blyn. And daryth there for drede. 31S. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 73. (3) To frighten. To dare birds, to catch them by frightening them mth a hawk, mirror, or by other means. (4) To pain or grieve. Essex. (5) To lurk or lie hid. (6) The dace fish. (7) To give, or grant. Heame. (8) To threaten. Somerset. (9) To languish ; to sink. See Lydgate, p. 24. " Droujie and dare," a common phrase in early poetry. (10) To defy. Shak. (11) Peril. Shak. (12) To rouse anv one up. West. (13) Harm. {A.-S.) DARFE. Hard ; unbending ; cruel. DARH. Need. {A.-S.) DjVRIOL. a dish in ancient cookery, described in the Forme of Cm-v. p. 82 ; MS. Sloane 1201, f. 32; Ord. and Reg. p. 443; Warner's Antiq. Culin. p. 66. With daritUes endordide, and daynteez y-newe. Mofts Arthure, MS. Lincoln, f. 65. DARK. (1) BUnd. Var. dial. (2) To darken ; to make dark. (3) To eaves-drop ; to watch for an opportunity of injuring others for one's own benefit. North. In old writers, to lie hid. (4) A dark night. South. DARKENING. Twilight. North. CaUed the dark-hour in Norfolk. D.VRKLING. In the dark. DARKMAN. The night. Dekker. DARKSOME. Verj- dark. 0.ron. DARN. To dare. Pr. Pare. DARN.\K. A tliick hedge-glove. Suf. D.\RNEL. The loUum perenne. DARNEX. A coarse sort of damask used for carpets, curtains, &c., originally manufactured at Tom'nay, called in Flemish, Dornici. Spelt damep in Cunningham's Revels Ace. p. 21,i. It was composed of different kinds of mate- rial, sometimes of worsted, sUk, wool, or thread. Perhaps darnak is connected with this term. Darnick, Uusey-wolsey. North. DARNS. The door-posts. Devon. DARNTON. Darlington. North. DAROUS. Bold ; daring. Devon. D.\RR.\IGN. To arrange or prepare for battle. Also, to fight a battle. DARRAK. A day's work. C«»iA. D.VRRAY'NE. To change ; to transmute. DARRIKY. Rotten. Glouc. DARRILSK. Damask cloth. DARSTOW. Darest thou ? (A.-S.) DARSTS. Dregs ; refuse. North. DARTE. The date-tree. (A.-N.) DARTER. Active. Cumi. DART-GRASS. The Holcus laiiafus. North. DARTH. Dare. Weder. DASE. To dazzle ; to grow dimsighted ; to be stupified. (A.-S.) DASEWENESSE. Dimness. (A.-S.) DASH. (1) A tavern drawer. (2) To abash. East. (3) A mild imprecation. (i) To destroy ; to spoil. (5) To splash with dirt. I'ar. dial (6) To dash one in the teeth, to upbraid. To dash out of countenance, to put out of coun- tenance. DASH-BOARDS. Moveable sides to a cart ; the beaters of a bartel chum. DASHEL. A thistle. Devon. DASHEN. To make a great show; to invade suddenly ; to move quieklv. DASHER-ON. A piece of boiUng-beef. D.ASHIN. A vessel in which oatmeal is pre- pared. Derb. DASIBERDE. A simpleton ; a fool. DASING. BUndness. Becon. DASMYNE. To grow dim. Pr. Parv. DASNYTH. Grows dim. (A.-S.') DASSE. A badger. Caxton. DAST. Dashed ; destroyed. (A.-S.) DASTARD. A simpleton. DATELESS. Crazv ; in one's dotage. North. D.\TER. Daughter. North. D.\TES. Evidences ; writings DAW 293 DAY DATHEIT. A curse ; an imprecation. (./.-A'.) Sometimes a verb, to curse. See Reliq. .\u- tiq. i. 244 ; Tristrem, p. 230. Constantly an imprecation, and interjection. D.\THER. To qualve, or tremble. Kent. DATION. A gift. (Lat.) D.\UB. Clay. Lane. DAUBER. A builder of walls with clay or mud, mixed vrith straw ; a plasterer. A daubiny, the erection of a clay hut. DAUBING. Bribing. A cant term. DAUBY. (1) A fooL Norlhumi. (2) Clammy ; sticky. Norf. DAUD. George. Craven. DAUDER. To thrash ; to abuse. North. DAUDLE. To be slow ; to trifle ; to swing per- pendicularly. Var. dial. DAUDLES. A slattern. Yorltsh. DAUDS. Pieces ; fragments. North. DAUGHTER-IN-BASE. A bastard-daughter. DAUGHTER-LAW. A daughter-in-law. West. Thy father would not entertalne In Greece a daughtcr-latve . TurbeMe't Orid, 15C7. f. 30. DAUK. To incise with a jerk, or insert a pointed weapon with rapidity. Witts. DAUNCH. Fastidious; over-nice; squeamish, especially applied to one who has been drunk over night. Daimche, fastidiousness, Townelcv Myst. p. 153. DAUNDRIN. Same as Sever (1). DAUNGE. A narrow passage. D.\UNT. To conquer. (.■l.-N.) In the pro- vinces, to stun, to knock down. Also, to dare, to def\'. DAUNTEDEN. Frisked about, pi. DAURE. To dazzle ; to stun. £a.s7. DAURG. A day's work. North. DAUSEY-HEADED. Giddy ; thoughtless. DAUT. A speck, or spot. Craven. DAVE. To thaw. Somerset. To assuage, mi- tigate, or relieve. North. DAVER. (1) To droop ; to fade. West. (2) To stun ; to stupify. North. DAVID'S-STAFF. A kind of quadrant, used in navigation. DAVING. A boarded partition. West. DAVISON. A large wild plum. D.VVY. (1) To raise marl from clifl!3 by means of a wince. Norf. (2) An affidavit. Var. dial. DAVY -JONES. A sailor's name for a princi- pal sea-devil, a nikker. DAW. (I) To thrive ; to mend. North. (2) A foolish fellow ; a slattern, or sluggard. Datrinye, acting foolishly, Ellis's Literary Letters, p. 92. (3) To daunt, or frighten. (4) To awaken ; to (lawn. North. Also, to re- vive, to rouse, to resuscitate, as in Webster and Greene; Romeus and Juliet, p. 71. (5) A beetle or dor. East. (6) Dough. (,V.-S.) DAW-COCK. .\ jackdaw. Hence, an empty, chattering fellow ; a simideton. Sec Collier's Old Ballads, p. 24. DAWDY. A slattern. North. DA WE. (1) Down. See Adawe (2). (2) Dawn. {A.-S.) (3) A day. (A.-S.) " Done of dawe," taken from day, killed. And alle done of dawez with djtittez of swreddel. Morte .'irthttre, .MS. Lincoln, f. 75. DAWENING. Dav-break. (A.-S.) DAWGOS. A slal'tem. North. DAMGY. Soft ; flabby. Yorish. DAWIE. To awake ; to revive. DAWING. Day-l)rcak. North. Bot in the clerc lUtwrung the dcre kynge hymeselfene Comaundyd syr Cadore with his dcre knyghttes. Morte .-trthure, M.S. Lincoln, f. 70. DAWKIN. (1) A slut. North. (2) A foolish person. Dawkingly-wise, self- con reited. North. DAWKS. Very fine clothes slovenly put on. Line. DAWL. (1) To dash. Devon. (2) To tire ; to fatigue ; to weary. Also, to loathe, or nauseate. DAWNE. To revive a person, especially one who has fainted. DAWNS. A kind of lace, the method of making which is described in MS. Harl. 2320, f. 59. DAWNT. To frighten ; to fear. North. DAWNTEN. To tame by kind treatment ; to cherish or nourish. (A.-N.) DAWNTLE. To fondle. North. DAWNY. Damp; soft. West. DAWP.VTE. A simpleton. DAWSEL. Tostupifr. Siiffoli. DAWTET. Fondled ;' caressed. Cumi. D.\WZE. To use the bent hazel rod, or diriuing stick, for the discovery of ore. Somei-set. DAY. (1) Day; time. (A.-S.) "Takynaday," taken an appointed time (to fight), MS. Can- tab. Ff.ii. 38, f. 87. (2) To dawn. Also, the dawn or first opening of day, Eglamour, 1094; Urry's Chaucer, p. 110, 1. 2747. (3) The surface of ore. (1) A league of amity (5) To procrastinate. D.VY-BED. A couch or sofa. A late riser is still called a day-bed fellow in L Wight. DAYE. To die. {A.-S.) DAYEGH. Dough. Yorksh. DAY-HOUSE. A dairy. West. " Cateale, a dey-honse, where cheese is made," Elyot. Cf. Union Invent, p. 28. DAYLE. (1) To eradicate; to blot out. I J"! To dallv or tarry. DAY-LIGl'lTS. Tlieeycs. North. I)AY-LIGHT'S-GATE. Twilight. DAY-MAN. A labourer hired by the day. East. I).\Y-NET. A net employed for taking small birds. Diet. Itiist. DAY-NETTLE. Dead nettle. DAYNETVVOUSELY. Daintily. DAYNG. Dawning. (A.-S.) DAYNI.Y. Disdainfully. (A.-N.) DAYNTEL. A dainty, or delicacy. Daynleihe, Towueley Myst. p. 245. DEA 294 DEB DAYNTEVOUS. Choice; valuable. Itt was my derlynj daimtei'ous. and fulledereholdene. M'lrte Arthwe, MS. Lincoln, t. 9'. DAYS. The bays of a window. D.\YS-MAN. An arbitrator ; an umpire. See Pluiupton Corr. p. 82. Still usetl in the North. D.\YS-MATH. An acre, the quantity mown by a man in one clay. JJ'esf. Generally, any small portion of j^round. Its size seems to have been variously estimated. DAYTALEMAN. A day-man, q. v. A chance- lal)ourer, one not regularly employed. Day- tale-pace, a slow pace. A day tale, in the dav time. DAY-WORK. Work done by the day; the labour of a day. A day-work is also three roods of land, according to Carr. " Four perches make a dayworke ; ten dayworks make aroode or quarter," Twvsden MSS. DAZED. Dull ; sickly ; daised, q. v. " Da:ed- meat, ill roasted ; /'*• da:ed, I am very raw and cold ; a dazed look, such as persons have when frighted ; bread and meat, not well baked or roasted by reason of the badness of the fire, may be said to be dirased or dazed," MS. Lansd. 1033. In the Yorkshire Dialogue, it has the sense of spoilt, destroyed ; and it also occasionally means, confounded, con- fused. Major Moor's MS. Dazed, of a dun colour. North. DAZEG. A daisv. Cumb. DE. (1) A day. 'Xorth. (2) To die. Sometimes, dead. (3) God. {A-N.) (4) The. {A.-S.) DEA. Do. ri'estmorel. DEAD. (1) Fainted. JVest. (2) Very ; exceeding. North. (3) Dea'th. Stiff. Also, to kill. (4) To deaden. North. DEAD-ALIVE. Very stupid ; duU. TJ'est. DEAD-BOOT. Otfices or services doue for the dead ; penance. (A.-S.) DEAD-COAL. A cinder. North. DEAD-DOING. Destructive. Spenser. DEAD-HORSE. To pull the dead horse, to work for wages already paid. DEAD-HOUSE. A place for the reception of drowned persons. North. DEAD-KNOCK. A supposed warning of death, a mysterious noise. North. DEAD-LIFT. The moving of a lifeless or inac- tive body. Hence, a situation of peculiar difficulty, where any one is greatly in want of assistance. DEADLY. Sharp ; active ; excellent. Also, very, exceedingly, a sense it seems to bear in Topsell's Serpents, p. 1 5. Sometimes, pounded to powder. DEADLY-FEUD. A ferocious contest among the Northumbrians on the borders. Brockett. DEAD-MAN. (1) Old works in amine. (2) A scarecrow. West. (3) Waiting for dead men's shoes, waitingfor pro- perty to which one is entitled on the decease of any one. See R. Fletcher's Poems, p. 2 JG. DEAD-MAN'S-THUMB. A blue meadow flower, mentioned in Select Ayres, fol. Loud. 1659. DEAD-MATE. A stale-mate in chess. DEAD-MEN. Empty ale-pots. DEAD-NIP. A blue mark on the body, ascribed to necromancy. North. DEAD-PAY. 'The pay of dead soldiers, ille- gally appropriated by officers. DEAD-RIPE. Completely ripe. DEADS. The under-stratum. Devon. DEADST. The height. Dekker. DEAF. Decayed ; tasteless. Deaf-nut, a nut with a decayed kernel ; deaf-corn, blasted corn, &c. Also, to deafen, as in Heywood's Iron Age, sig. H. iv. DEAFLY. Lonely, soUtary. North. Deavelie, Cotgrave, in v. Desole, Destoume. DEAF-NETTLE. The dead nettle. DEAIL-HEAD. A narrow plat of ground in a field. Cumb. DEAK. (1) To fight. North. (2) A ditch. Kent. DE.\L. To di\ide ; to distribute, from deal, a part, or portion. Also, a dole. DEAL-APPLES. Fir apples. East. DEALBATE. To whiten, or bleach. {Lat.) DEAL-TREE. A fir-tree. East. DE.\M. Lonely; soUtary. North. Also the same as deathimear, q. v. DEAN. (I) A valley. (A.-S.) (2) A din ; a noise. Essej:. (3) To do. Yorksh. DEA-NETTLE. Wild hemp. North. DEAR. (1) Precious; excessive. (2) Same as Dere, q. v. DEARED. Hurried; frightened; stunned. Ex- moor. DEARLING. Darling. Spenser. DEARLY. Extremely. Var. dial. DEARN. (1) Lonely. ' North. (2) A door-post, appUed also to stone gate-posts. Xorth. DEARNFUL. Melancholy. Spenser. DEARY. (I) Little. North. (2) Alas ! " Deary me !" Var. dial. DEATH. Deaf. Suffolk. DEATHING. Decease ; death. DEATHS-HEARB. Nightshade. DEATH'S-MAN. An executioner. " Great Hectors deaths-man," Heywood's Iron Age, ed. 1632, sig. I. DEATHSMEAR. A rapid and fatal disease in cident to children. Now obsolete. DEAUR.\T. Gdded. (Lat.) DEAVE. To deafen ; to stun. North. DEAVELY'. See Deaffy. DEAWH. Dough ; paste. North. DEAZED. Dry ; raw ; sapless. North. DEBARE. Bare. Draut. DEBASHED. Abashed. Niccols. DEBATE. To fight. Also, combat. {A.-N.) DE B ATEABLE-LANDS. Large tracts of wild country on the confines of Northumberland, formerlv a prolific cause of contention. DEBATEMENT. Contention. {A.-N.) DEC 295 DEE DEBAUSHMENT. A debauching. DEBUYLL. Ailibble. Iluloit. DEBELL. To conquer bv war. {Lat.) DEBELLISH. To embeilish. Fletcher. DEBEOF. A kind of spear. DEBERRIES. Gooseberries. Devon. DEBETANDE. Debating. Gawayne. DEBILE. Infirm; weak. {Lat.) DEBITE. A deputy. {Fr.) DEBLES. " A debles !" to the devil. (.^.-.V.) Fy adebles! saide the duke, the develle have jour bonte. Mot-re .-trlhure, MS. Liiinln, f. 84. DEBOIST. Debauched ; corrupted. DEBOXAIRE. Courteous ; gentle. {A.-N.) When sche sye the ladyes face, Debonerly stylle sche stode. US. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 8.5. DEBONERTE. Gentleness ; goodness. And of me take thou na vengeance, Lorde, for thi debtmerCt. ilS. Lincoln A. i. 17. f. 212. DEBORAINE. Honest. (Ital.) DEBORD. To run to excess. (Fr.) DEBOSH. To debauch ; to corrupt. A genuine archaism, incorrectly altered by some editors. DEBOSIIEE. A debauched person. DEBREIDE. To tear. (Uelfj.) DEBRUSEDE. Crushed ; much bruised. DEBRYSED. Bruised. Heame. DEBUT. Company ; retinue. Hearne. DEBYTIE. A deputy. {Fr.) DECANTATE. To chant, or sing. {Lat.) DECARD. To discard. DECAS. Ruin. (.^.-A'.) The watle and alle tlie cit£ wfthinne Stante in ruyne and in decas. Couer, .M.S. Sor. Aniiq. 134, f. 3e. DECEIVABLE. Deceitful. S/iai. DECEPTURE. Fraud; deceit. DECERN'E. To discern. {Fr.) DECllED. Foul; rusty. JVarv). DECIMO-SEXTO, hi ilecimo se.vto, a phrase used by Jonson for a youth. DECIPE. To deceive. {Lat.) See Ashmole's Theat. Chem. Brit. p. 308. DECK. (1) A pack of cards. Hence, a heap or pile of anything. (2) To select or cast out. " Deck the board," lay down the stakes. " Sweep the deck," clear the stakes. Also, to put anything in order. (3) To tip the haft of a knife or sword with any work ; to trim hair, a garden, &c. DECLARE. To blazon arms. DECLAREMEN'T. A declaration. DECLINE. To incline, or lower. Also, to form too low an estimate of anything. Quod Josephc thanne. with liccd declinid lowc. Lyrigate, MS. Sue. Anliif. 134, f. G. DECLOS. To (Usclose. For who that hath liln word© dectca, Er thai he witc what he mone. He is ful ofte nyjc his tene. Cower, MS. Soc. Anilq. 1.14, f. 09. DECOLLATION. A beheading. {Lat.) DECOI'ID. See foppid. CECOKE. To decorate ; to beautify. DECOURREN. To discover; to lay open; to narrate. (.'/.-A'.) DECREW. To decrease. Spm-ter. DECURT. To shorten. {Lat.) DECYPHER. To defeat ; to overcome. DEDE. (1) Death. North. They dancesyde and revuide withowt^nc drtde To bryng that iady to liir dede. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. IW. Syth we here aclialle dye, Ourc dedi/t fulle sore they schalle abye. MS. Cantab. Kf. li. 38, f. 73 So many there were slayne to dedd. That the watur of Temys was redd. MS. lUd. f. 12.'.. (2) To grow dead. {A..S.) Also the pa. p;.st. Dede, dead pcojjle, Perceval, 155. (3) Did. Eglamour, 134. (•1) Deed. Battle, by metaphor. DEDELY. Mortal. {.-J.-S.) Bot goddttZ that ever-mare are ttfTaunde and nevermare dyez, deynez nojte for to hafe the fela- chipe of drdelv menne — iV.S. Liucfln .\. i. 17, f. 8. DEDEMEN-YEN. Dead eyes, a kind of pulhes. A sea term. See Manners and Household E.vpences, p. 21 4. DEDEYNE. Disdain. {A.-N.) Tlie fourthe braunche of prydc ys despyt, tlint ys, whan a man hath dedeyne other scorne of h^s cven-cristene for eny defaute.— If.?. Hurl. 2398, f. 8. DElllR. To tremble. Yorksh. DEDITION. A giving up. {Lat.) DEDLYNES. Mortality. {A.-S.) How thurghe taltyng of owre dedlynea, he was made iesse then an angclie whiiles he was in this vale of teres MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 180. DEDUCED. Drawn from; dissuaded. DEDUCT. To bring down, reduce. {Lat.) DEDUIT. Pleasure ; delight. (^.-A'.) In whiclie the jere hath his dednit. Of gras, of floiire, of ieef, of fiiitc. Cower, MS. Soc. Aniiq. 134, f. 247. DEDYR. Thither. Weler. DEE. A die. {A.-N.) Also as de, q. v. Betwene fortune and covelyse. The chauncc is caste upon M dee. Cower, MS. So:: Anl,q. 1.14, f. i4S. DEED. (1) Doings. North. (2) Dead. {A.-S.) (3) Indeed. Cooerdale. IJEEDILY. Actively; (lili-enllv. Jl'est. DEEDS. Refuse. 'Sorlti". DKEDY'. Inilustrious; notable. Berks. DEEP. Deaf. {A.-S.) DEEGHT. To spread mole-hills. North. DEEL. The devil. North. An early instance occurs in Men Miracles, 1C5G, p. 46. DEEN. A dean. {A.-N.) DEERIIAY. A great net, fonneily used for catching deer. DEES. (I) Dice. {A.-N.) Ful ofte he talworj( and apo- logv," Martin Mar-Sixtus, 4to. 1592. DEFF'E. (1) Neat; trim. Leic. (2) Deaf. Pr. Pan. Also, dull, blunt, which may refer to aures obtus.) DEVERE. Duty ; endeavour. {A.-N.) Thow has doughttily doune, syr duke, with thi handez. And has doune thy dever with my dere knyghttee. Morte Arthure, MS. Lincoln, f. 73. DEVIAUNT. De\'iating. Chaucer. DEVICE. A name given to any piece of ma- chinery moved by wires or pulleys, especially to that employed on the ancient stage. DEVIL. (1) In the devil way, i. e. in the name of the devil, a common oath in early works of a facetious or amusing character. I DEW 301 DE7 (2) A fizgig made by boys with damp gun- powder. DEVILING. The swift. East. Also, a fretful, troublesome woman. DEVILMENT. Roguery ; mischief. North. DEVIL'S-BIT. Scabiosa succisa, bo/. See Markham's Countrev Famie, 1G16, p. 203. DEVIL'S-BONES. Dice. Dekicr. DEVIL'S-COW. A kind of beetle. Som. DEVIL-SCREECHER. The swift. JVesl. DEVIL'S-DANCING-IIOUK. Midnight. DEVIL'S-DUNG. Assafcctida. Var. dial. DEVIL'S- GOLD-RING. A palmer worm. North. DEVIL'S-MINT. An inexhaustible fund of any- thing. East. DE VIL'S-PATER-NOSTER. To say the devil's pater-noster, to mutter or grumble. DEVIL'S-SNUFF-BOX. The puff-baU. DEVILTRY. Anything unlucky, offensive, hiulful, or hateful. East. DEVINAL. A wizard. Stinner. DEVINERESSE. A witch ; a prophetess. DEVING-POND. A pond from which water is drawn for domestic use by dipping a pail. Ea.it. DEVINING. Divination. (A.-N.) DEVISE. To direct ; to order ; to relate. J/ point devise, with the greatest exactness. Chaucer. Also, to espy, to get a know- ledge of. (.-l.-N.) DEVOIDE. To remove; to put away. "De- voidid clene," Rom. of the Rose, 2929. Also, to avoid or shun. Therefore devoyede my companye. US. Harl. 2252. f. 102. DEVOIR. Same as Severe, q. v. DEVOLUTED. Rolled down. (Lat.) See Hall, Henry V. f. 4. DEVORS. Divorce. {^.-N.) DEVOTELICHE. Devoutlv; carnestlv. DEVOTERER. An adulterer. (J.-N.) DEVOTIONS. Consecrated things. DEVOURE. To deflower, or ravish. DEVOUTEMENT. Devoutly. (J.-N.) DEVOW. To disavow. FIctclier. It properly signifies to dedicate or give up to. DEVULSION. A breaking up. Florio. DE\TN. Prophecy, Langtoft, p. 282. Divi- nitv, Piers Ploughman, p. 508. DEVYSION. 'Division ; discord. {.l.-N.) DEVYTE. Duly ; devoir. Ileame. DEW. To rain slightlv. Var. dial. DEW-BEATERS. Coarse oiled shoes that re- sist the dew. Var. dial. DEWBERRY. The dwarf nuilberry, ruhus chamiemorus, often confused with tiic black berr)', being a similar fruit only of a Lirgcr size. Dewberries are nu'ntioncd by Shake- speare, and are still common at Slratford-on- Avon. It seems to be the same as the cloud- berry in Gerard, p. 1368. The gooseberry is 80 called ill sonic places. DEW-lilT. The first meal in the morning, not 80 substantial as a regular breakfast, ll'esl. DEW-DRINK. The first allowance of beer to bancst men. East. Called the dew-cup in Hants. DEWE. Dawned. (^.-S.) To the castelle thay spcde When the ilaye dewe. MS. Lincoln .*. 1. 17, f. 137. DEWEN. To deafen. {A.-S.) DEWING. The dew. North. It occurs in Kyng Alisaunder, 911. DEWKYS. Dukes. Ritson. DEWL.\PS. Coarse woollen stockings but- toned over others to keep the legs warm and dry. Kent. DEWRE. To endure. Moradas was so styff in stowre, Ther myght no man hys dynlys dfwre. MS. Otnlab. Ff. li. .18, f. "9. And my two chyldren be fro me borne, Thys lyfe y may not dtwre. MS. Iliid. !. 84. Heyle, youthethat never schall eelde ! Heyle, bewte evyr d'^U'ryt)^! MS. Ibid. f. 4. DEWRESSE. Hardship ; severity. {A.-N.) The londe of dethe and of all dewrette, In whych noon ordre may there dwelle. MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 23. DEW-ROSE. Distilled rose-water. DEW-ROUNDS. The ring-walks of deer. See Blome's Gent. Rec. ii. 78. DEWSIERS. The valves of a pig's heart. West. DEW-SNAIL. A slug. North. DEWTRY. A species of plant, similar to night- shade. Bullir. DEWYN. To bedew. (AS.) DEXE. A desk. Skinner. DEXTERICAL. Dexterous. See the Optick Glasse of Humors, 1639, p. 82. DEY. (1) They. Ritson. (2) A female servant who had the charge of the dairy, and all things pertaining to it. Chaucer has the word. Sometimes a male servant who performed those duties was so called. DEVK. To die. (A.-S.) DEYELL. The devil. Ritson. DEYER. A dier. {A.-S.) DEYKE. A hedge. Cumb. DEYL. A part, or portion. " Never a deyl," not at all. (.^.-5.) 3yf every ktiyjt loved other wcyl, Tournameiiles shulde be never a deyt. US. Harl. 1701, f. 31. DEYLED. Spiritless ; careworn. Cumb. DEYNER. A dinner. (A.-N.) DEYNOUS. Disdainftd. (A.-N.) And Rightwl>nesse witll hem was eke there, And trouthe aho with a dei/noti* face andchere. Liidgalt, US. Athmolt 39, f. 20. DEYNOUSHEDE. Scornfuluess. (^.-A^) DEYNTEYS. Dainties. Then dweltyd they bothc in fere, VVytti alle maner deyntept that were acre. ,1/.V. Canlab. Ff. il. 38, f. 82. DEYNTTELY. Daintilv. (A.-N.) DEYNYD. Disdained. Skelton. DliVUE. To hurt, or injure. (A.-S.) DKVS. Dice. n,ber. I)i;\SE. Dav. IVebcr. DEYTRON. 'Daughters. Chron. Vil. p. 11. Die 302 DIF DEY-WIFE. A dairy-woman. Palsgrave. DEZICK. A (lav's work. Sussej^. DEZZED. Injured by cold. Cumb. DEJE. To die. (.-/.-5.) DIABLO. The devil. (S/ian.) Used as an ex- clamation in our old plays. DIAL. A compass. Var. dial. DIALOGUE. An eighth part of a sheet of writing paper. North. DIAPASE. The diapason. .-Jsh. DIAPENIDION. An electuary. (Gr.) DI.\PER. To decorate with a variety of colours ; to eml)roider on a rich ground. {.4.-N.) There was a rich figured cloth so called, Strutt, ii. 6 ; as also a kind of printed linen. Diapres of Antioch are mentioned in the Roman d'.\lexandre, MS. Bodl. 264. A duches derewoTthily dyghte in ilj/aperde wedis. In a surcott of sylke full selkciuthely hewede. Morle Arllniie, MS. Lincoln, f. «7. DIB. (1) The cramp-bone. Dorset. (2) A dip. Also, to dip or incline. (3) A vsdlev. North. DIBBEN. ' A fillet of veal. Devon. DIBBER. A (Ubble, q. v. South. DIBBITY. A pancake. Var. dial. DIRBLE. A setting stick. Var. dial. Ben Jonson seems to use it for a moustachio. DIBBLE-DABBLE. Rubbish. North. DIBBLER. .\ pewter plate. Cumb. DIBLES. Difficulties ; scrapes. East. DIBS. (1) Money. Var. dial. (2) A game played with the bones of sheep. See Ward's Corpus Christ! Coll. Stat. p. 140. The dibs are the small bones in the knees of a sheep, uniting the bones above and below the joint. See HoUoway, p. 45. DIBSTONE. A child's game, played by tossing pebbles, and also called dibs. DICACIOUS. Talkative. {Lat.) DICARE. The same as dicher, q. v. DICE. A lump or piece. Yorksh. DICER. A dice-plaver. Greene. DICME. To dig. \a.-S.) DICHER. A digger. {A.-S.) DICHT. Made. Gaxnayne. DICIOX. Power. {I.at.) DICK. (1) A dike ; a ditch. Var. dial. (2) A leather apron and bib, worn by poor chil- dren in the North. (3) Dressed up to the tune of Queen Dick, i. e. verj' fine. That happened in the reign of Queen Dick, i. e. never. (4) The bank of a ditch. Norf. (5) To deck, or adorn. North. (6) A kind of hard cheese. Suffolk. DICK-A-DILVER. The periwinkle. East. DICKASS. A jack-ass. North. DICK-A-TUESDAY. The ignis fatuus. DICKEN. The devil. Var. dial. Odds dickens, a kind of petty oath. The term is occasionally so employed in old plays, as in lleywood's Edward IV. p. 40. DICKER. Ten of any commodity, as ten hides of leather, ten bars of iron, &c. DICK-HOLL. A ditch. Norf. DICKON. X nickname for Richard. DICK'S-HATBAND. Said to have been made of sand, and it has atforded many a compaii- son. As queer as Dick's hatband, &c. DICKY. (1) Donkey. Var. dial. (2) A woman' s under-petticoat. Also, a com- mon leather apron. (3) The top of a hill. JVest. (4 ) It is ail Dickey with him, i. e. it is aU over with him. DICKY-BIRD. A small bird. Also, a louse. DICTAMNUil. The herb dittany. {Lat.) DICTE. A saving. (Lat.) DICTITATE. ' To speak often, (lat.) DICTOUR. A judge, or guardian, (^.-A'.) DID. To hide. Craven. DIDAL. A triangular spade well adapted for cutting and banking up ditches. East. See Tusser, p. 15. To didal, to clean a ditch or river. DIDAPPER. The dob-chick. East. DIDDEN. Did. Var. dial. DIDDER. To shiver; to tremble. North. " Dydderyng and dadderyiig," Hye 'Way to the SpytteU IIous, n. d. DIDDER-DODDER. To tremble. North. DIDDLE. (1) To trick or cajole. Var. dial. (2) A machine for taking salmon. Jl'est. (3) To dawdle or trifle. East. (4) To hum a tune. North. DIDDLECOME. Half mad; sorely vexed. TVest. DIDDLES. Young ducks. East. DIDDS. A cow's teats. Chesh. DIDDY. The nipple, or teat. Var. dial. Some- times the milk is so called. DIDE. Died. Chaucer. DIDEN. Pa. t. pi. of Do. (A.-S.) DIDO. A trick, or trifle. DIE. (1) To tinge. (.-/.-S.) (2) As clean as a die, as close as a die, i. e. as clean as possible, &c. DIELLE. A share or portion. And thus for that ther is no diclfe Whereof to make myn avaunte. Gower, .VS. .S(/C. Jntiq. 134, f. 54. DIERE. A beast. (Duf.) DIERX. Severe ; hard ; stern. West. DIET. To t,ike diet, to be put under a regimen for the lues venerea. DIETE. Daily food. (A.-N.) DIET-HOUSE. " His diet-houses, intertein- ment, and all other things necessarie," Holin- shed, Chron. of Ireland, p. 133. DIFFADE. To injure; to destroy. (A.-N.) DIFFAME. Bad reputation. (A.-N.) Also, to disgrace, as in Langtoft, p. 321 ; but some- times, to spread abroad one's fame. DIFFENDE. To defend. (A.-N.) DIFFER. To quarrel. Var. dial. DIFFERENCE. A controversy. North. DIFFIBUL.\TE. To unbutton. (Lat.) DIFFICILE. Difficult. (Lat.) "Neweauddif. ficUe," Hall, Henry VU. f. 20. DIK 303 DIN DIFFICILITATE. To make difficult. (Lat.) DIFFICILNESS. Difficultv; scrupulousness. DIFFICULT. Peevish; fretful. North. DIFFICULTER. More difficidt. Vai-.dial. UIFFIDE. To distrust. {Lat.) DIFFIGURE. To disfigure. (/■>.) IJIFFIND. To cleave iu two. (Lat.) DIFFINE. To conclude ; to determine. (^.-N.) See Maundevile's Travels, p. 315. DIFFINISH. To define. Chaucer. DIFFODED. Digged. Colfs. DIFFREULED. Tainted with sin. {A.-N.) Tliis seems to be the meaning of the word in a poem in MS. Cantah. Ff. i. 6, although it may possibly be an error for dhsrettled. DIFFUGOUS. Flying divers ways. (Lat.) DIFFUSE. Difficidt ; hard to be understood. Palsgrave. DIFFUSED. Wild; irregular; con/used. "With some diffused song," Shak. DIG. (1) To spur a horse; to stab a man through his armour, Ate. (2) To bury anything in the ground. (3) A mattock ; a spade. Yorksh. (4) A duck. Chesh. Chester Plays, i. 52. (5) Fo munch ; to eat. Var. dial. DIG-BRID. A young duck. Lane. DIGESTII5LE. Easy to be digested. (Lat.) DIGESTIVES. Things to help digestion. Chaucer, DIGGABLE. Capable of being digged. IIu- loet's Abcedarium, 1552. DIGGING. A spit in depth. North. DIGGINGS. Proceedings. Vevim. DIGHLE. Secret. Verstegan. DIGllT. (1) To dispose. {A.-S.) (2) To dress ; to adorn ; to prepai-e ; to put on ; to find out. (./.-&) Also, the part. past. (3) To prepare, or clean anything. North. (4) To foul, or dirty. Ray. DIGHTER. A dresser. Florio. DIGHTINGS. Deckings ; ornaments. Florio. DIGNE. (1) Worthy. {A.-N.) (2) Proud ; disdainful. (.-I.-N.) DIGNELICIIE. Deservedly. {A.-N.) DIGNOSTICK. An indication. (Lat.) Also the mists that arise from aeverall parts of the earth, and are digtwuticks of subterranean waters, owe their transpiration to this internall lieate. .•/u6r«//'« Will,, MS. Hoi.ftI *„■. p. 112. DIG-OUT. To unearth the badger. DIGRAVE. Same as Uike-reve, q. v. DIGRESS. To deviate ; to differ. DIGRESSION. Deviation. Shak. DIKE. (1) A ditch, far. dial. Down in the dike, i e. sick, diseased. (2) A dry hedge. Cuinli. (3) A small pond, or river. Yurkxh. (4) A small rock in a stratum ; a crack or breach of the solid strata. (5) To dig ; to make ditches. (J.-S.) Depe dolvenc ani Hcde, dyked In mohk'Z. Mmli' Arthurs, MS. l.iiuolii, f . CI, DIKE-CAM. A ditch bank. North. DIKEDEN. Digged, pi. (.-I.-S.) DIKER. A hcdgcr, or ditcher. (A.-S.) DIKE-REVE. An officer who superintends the dikes ■ind drains in marshes. DIKE.SMOWI.ER. The hedge-sparrow. DlKE-STOUR. A hcdge-stake. Cumb. DILANIATE. To rend in pieces. (Lat.) DILATATION. Enlargement. (A.-N.) DILATORY. Adclav. (Lat.) DILDE. To protect. (A.-N.) DILDRAMS. Improbable tales. Ifett. DILE. The devil. Stanihiirst, p. 9. DILECCION. Love. (Lat.) Frendsfhipe, adewc ! faic wcl, dilecciont Age is put oute of oure proteccion. Occirm, MS. Soc. Anliq. 134, f. 25,1. DILFULL. See Dytfulle. DILL. (1) Hedge parsley. Var. dial. (2) To soothe ; to still ; to calm. North, See diflle, Towneley Myst. (3) Two seeded tare. O'/ouc. ( 1) A wench, or doxy. Dekker. (5) A word to call ducks. Var. dial. DILLAR. The shaft-liorse. JVilts. DILLE. (1) Dull; foolish. of alle tlie dcdes thay couthe doo, that derfe ware and dilh. Thou dycde noghte, for thaire dede did no dere unto the. MS. Lincoln A. 1. 17, f. 232. The bcite that hath no skylle. But uf spcche dombe and dt/lle. MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, t. 43. (2) To dull, or prevent. How Juus wit tlicr gret unschlUe, Wend his uprisyng to dil/e. .VS. Cott. Veipat. A. ili. f. » DILLED. Quite finished. Cumb. DILLING. A darling, or favourite. Also, the youngest child, or the youugest of a brood. DILLS. The i)aps of a sow. £agt. 1)1 LLY. A small public carriage, corrupted from F'r. diligence. DILNOTE. The herb cidamum. 1)1 LT. To stop up. North. DILVE. To cleanse ore. Cormc. DILVERED. M'earied; confused; hea\7 ; drowsy ; shivery ; nervous. East. DIM. Dimness ; darkness. (A.-S.) UIMHER. Pretty. JVorc. DIMBLE. A narrow valUv, or dingle. DIMHEDE. Dinmess. (A.-S.) DIMIMTING. Diminishing. (Lai.) DIMINUTE. Imperfect. (Lat.) DIMISSARIES. •' They pawne their glibs, the iiailes of their fingers and toes, their dimis- .siiriex, &c." Staniburst, ]). 45. I IMME. Dark ; darkly. (A.-S.) Also, hard nr ditlicult to be understood. Dl.MMET. Twilight. Devon. DIMMING. The .lawn of day. (A.-S.) DIMPSU. Twilight. Somerset. DIMSEL. A very large expanse of stagnant water. Sussex. DIN. Noise ; revelry. (A.-S.) DINCIl. Deaf. Sumerset. lUNCll-PlCK. A dung-fork. Ghuc. UIM)i:U. Thmuler. Kimoor. DINDEREX. A thunderbolt. Grose. DIR 304 DIS CINDERS. Small coins of the lower empire found at \Vroxeter. Salop. Spelt dyiiders by Keiiiiett. DINDLE. (1) The sowthistle. Korf. (2) To reel or stagger. North. Also to trem- ble or shake ; dyndled, Morte d' Arthur, i. 145. (3) To tingle. See Stanihurst, p. 26. Some- times, to suffer an acute pain. DINE. A dinner. {A.-N.) DING. (1) To throw violently; to heat out; to indent ; to bruise j to dash down ; to push, or drive ; to sling. Thys stone walle y schalle down dynge, And with myn hundys y schalle yow hynge. Mfi. Omtab. Ff. ii. 3B, f. 60. (2) To surpass, or overcome. Chesh. (3) To ding it in, to teach. Salop. (4) A moderated imprecation. (5) To reiterate, or importune. Devon. (6) To taunt ; to reprove. Il'est. (7) To bluster; to bounce. Wore. DING-DING. A term of endearment. " My ding-ding, my darling," Withals, p. 61. DING-DONG. Excessively ; in good earnest. DING-DOSSELS. Dung-pots. Devon. DINGDOULERS. Finery in dress. East. DINGE. To drizzle. Norf. DINGHY. A jolly-boat. North. DINGING. A strike, or blow. {A.-S.) DINGLE-DANGLE. To dangle loosely. West. DINGNER. More worthy. {A.-S.) DING-THRIFT. A spendthrift. Used in York- shire in the last centurv. " Howse of dyng- thrifte," MS. Line. Thorn, f. 148. DINGY. Foul; dirty. Somerset. DINMAN. A two-year slieei). North. DINNA. Do not. North. DINNEL. To stagger; to tingle; to thrill with pain from cold, &c. North. DINNER-TIN. A tin vessel containing a la- bourer's dinner. Var. dial. DINNING. A great noise. Torrent, p. 63. DINT. A stroke. (A.-S.) By dint of, i. e. by force of, a common expression. DINTLE. (1) To indent. North. (2) An inferior kind of leather. DIOL. Dole ; lamentation. {A.-S.) DIP. (1) Salt. Dorset. (2) Butter ; sugar ; any kind of sauce eaten with pudding. North. (3) Cunning ; crafty ; deep. Jl'est. (4) To go downward, as a vein of coal lying obliquely in the earth. DIPLOIS. A cloak. {Or.) DIPNESS. Depth. North. DIPPER. A bird, chichis aquatieit.t. DIPPING-NET. A small net used for taking salmon and shad out of the water. DIPPINGS. The grease, &c. collected by the cook for occasional use instead of lard. See Tusser, p. 262. DIPTATIVE. A term in alchemy. See Ash- mole's Theat. Chem. Brit. pp. 145, 320. DIRD. Thread. Somerset. LIRDAM. A great noise, or uproar. North. " An horrible dirdam they made," Clarke's Phraseologia, 1655, p. 170. DIREMPT. To divide. Dirempted, Holinshed, Conq. Ireland, p. 52. DIRGE-ALE. A funeral wake. DIRIGE. A solemn hymn in the Romish church, commencing Dirige gressus mcos. It was part of the burial service. DIRITY. Direness. {Lat.) DIRK. To darken. Palsgrave. DIRKE. To hurt ; to spoil. Spenser. DIRL. (1) A thrill of pain. North. Also, to give a slight tremble. (2) To move quickly. Yorish. Hence dirler, an active person. DIRSH. A thrush. Somerset. DIRSTELIE. Boldlv. I'erstegan. DIRT. Rain. North. DIRT-BIRD. The woodpecker. North, DIRTEN. Made of dirt. West. DIRT-M'EED. Chenopodium viride, Lin. DIRUTER. A destroyer. {Lat.) DIS. This. Percy. DISABLE. To degrade, or disparage. Also an adjective, unable. DISACCUSTO.MED. Unaccustomed. DISACTLY. Exactlv. Lane. DISADMONISH. 'To dissuade. Howell. I D1S.\.FFIRM. To deny ; to refuse. DISALOWE. To disapprove. (^.-.V.) DIS.\NCHOR. To weigh anchor. DISANNUL. To injure; to incommode; to contradict ; to controvert ; to dispossess ; to remove. I'ar. dial. DISAPPOINTED. Unarmed. ShaJi. DISAR. An actor. See CoUier, i. 50. Gene- rally speaking, the clown ; and hence any fool was so called. Sometimes spelt disard, dis- sarde, dizard, &c. " A dizzard or common vice and jester counterfeiting the gestures of any man, and moving his body as liim list," Nomenclator, p. 529. Cf, SVelde's Janua Lineuarum, 1615, p. 77. DISARRAY. Disorder. {A.-N.) DISASSENT. Dissent. J/oll. DIS.AVAIL. To prejudice any one, so as to hinder his rising in the world. DISAVAUNCE. To drive back. (A.-N.) DIS.WENTURE. Misfortune. {A.-N.) DISBEAUTIFY. To deface anvthing. DISBLAME. To clear from blame. {A.-N.) DISBURST. To disburse. Var. dial. DISCANDY. To dissolve. Shai. DISCARD. In card-playing, to put one or more cards out of the pack. DISCASE. To strip ; to undress. DISCEITE. Deceit ; falsehood. Chaucer. DISCEIVABLE. Deceitful. {A.-N.) DISCERT. Desert. Langtoft, p. 316. DISCEVER. To thscover. Oawayne. DISCEYVANCE. Deceit. {J.-N.) DISCHAITE. Ambush. {A.-N.) ' DISCHARE. Skelton's Works, ii. 406. DISCHENELY. Secretly. {A.-N.) DISCIPLE. To exercise with discipline. DIS 305 DIS DISCIPLINE. A term used by the Puritans for church reformation. DISCLAIM-IN. To disclaim. Anc. Dram. DISCLOSE. To hatch. 2>»'cfo,vini/ is when the young birds just peep through the shells. See Gent. Rec. ii. 62 ; IloUnshed, Conq. Ire- land, p. 21; Hamlet, v. 1. DISCOLOURED. Variously coloured. DISCOMFITURE. Defeat. (.^.-A'.) DISCOMFORT. Displeasure. (A.-N.) DISCOMFORTE.M. To discourage. {A.-N.) DISCOMFRONTLE. To ruffle, or displease one. East. See Forby, i. 94. DISCONFITE. Discomfited. Ileame. DISCONTENT. A malcontent. Shak. DISCONVEMENCE. Misfortune. (^.-A'.) DISCORDABLE. Disagreeing ; different. DISCORDE. To disagree. (A.-N.') Rayse nojte jour herte to hye bicause of jour prowesche and jour doghty dedis, so that je forgete jour laste ende, for ofte tymes we see that the lat- tere end of a mane discordes with the firste. MS. Linmln A. i 17, f- 19. DISCOURSE. (1) To run about. {Ut.) (2) Reason. It sometimes seems to have a slightly different meaning. DISCOVER. To uncover ; to undress. {A.-N.) DISCOVERTE. Uncovered. {A.-N.) DISCRESEN. To decrease. (A.-N.) DISCRIVEN. To describe ; to puhhsh. (.^.-A^.) DISCRYGHE. To descry ; to understand. DISCURE. To discover; to open; to unveil. Also, to betray any one. Conlemplacioun of the Delt^-, Whiche noon erthely langage may dUmre. MS. Harl. 38C9. Whanne hire bemis ben opinly ditcurid. Lydgale, MS. Sac. Aniiq. 134, f. 7. DISCUST. Determined. Draijton. Spenser uses it in the sense of shaken off. DISDEINOUS. DisdainfuL {A.-N.) DISE. To put tow or fla-\ on a distaff. Pals- grave has dyayn. DISEASE. To disturb ; to trouble ; to annoy. Also, uneasiness, discontent. DISEDGED. Satiated. Shak. DISKMBOGUE. To flow out. {A.-N.) DISENCRESE. Diminution. Also a verb, to decrease or diminish. {.I.-N.) DISENDID. Descended. C/iaucer. DISERT. Eloquent. {La/.) The term occurs in Foxe's epitaph, ap. Lupton's Ilistor)', 1037. DISESI'ERANCE. Despair. {A.-N.) DISFETIRLY. Deformcdly. {A.-N.) DISFIGURE. (1) Deformity. (,-/.-A'.) (2) To carve a peacock. See the Bookc of Hunting, 1586, f. 81. DISGEST. To digest. Var. dial. A very common form in early wTiters. Dinyeature, digestion, Halle's Expostulation, p. 21. DISGISENfiSSU. Disguise. (hanriT. DISGUADE. To degrade. See Hall, Henry VII. f. 50 ; Deatli of Rob. Huntington, p. 27. DIS(;KAT1()US. Ocgraded. {I.at.) DISGREE. To disagree. J'akgrarr. DISCJRUNTLEI). Discomposed, (llouc. DISGUISE. To dress u|i, or deck out, in ge- neral fantastically. Hence diiguhiny, a kinJ of mumming or ilramatic rc|)resentation. DISH. (1) A cupful, as of tea, &c. (2) To make hollow or thin, a terra used h\ wheelrights and coopers. DISH.\BIT. To remove from its habitation. Dkhabi/ed, unirdiahited. Nares. DISHAUNT. To leave; to quit. DISHBILLE. Disorder ; distress. Kent. No doubt from the French deshabillt. DISH-CRADLE. A rack of wood used foi drying dishes in. North. DISHED. Overcome ; mined. Var. dial. DISHEL. A compound of eggs, grated bread, saffron and sage, boiled together. DISHELE. Misfortune; uidiai>piness. {.I.-N.) O my wanhojte and my triste ! O my dishete and alle my liste ! Omver, MS. Sue. Antiq. 134, f. 86. DISHER. A maker of bowls or dishes. Dysuheres^ Piers Ploughman, p. 96. DISHERIT. To disinherit. (.^.-A-.) DISHERITESON. Disinheritance. {A.-K.) DISH-FACED. Hollow faced. North. DISH-MEAT. Spoon-meat. Kent. DISHONEST. To detract ; to vilifv. DISHONORATE. Dishonourable.' DISHWASHER. (1) The water-wagtail. (2) .\ scuUerv maid. Harrison, p. 238. DISIGE. Foohsh. Verstegan. DISJECTED. Scattered. {I.at.) DISJOINT. A diflicult situation. (.V.-.V.) DISKERE. See Dismre. DISLEAL. Disloyal. Spenser. DISLIKE. To displease. Also, to disagree. applied to articles of food. DISLIMN. To obliterate. Shak. DISLODGE. To move or start any animal. .\n old hunting term. OISLOIGNED. Withdrawn ; secluded. (^.-A'.'j DISLOYAL. Unchaste. Chapman. DISMALS. Melancholy feelings. Var. dial. DISME. The tax of a tenth. Shakespeare uses dLtmes for tenx, in Tr. and Cress, ii. 2. DISMEMBER. To car^e a heron. See the Booke of Hunting, l.'-)8G, f. 81. DIS.MEMBRE. To vilify. {A.-N.) DISMOLLISH. To deu'iolish. Vest. DISN.VTURED. Unnatural. Daniel. DISOBEISANT. Disobedient. (A.-N.) DISOBLIGE. To stain or dirty. Ea»l. DISORDEINED. Disorderly. {A.-N.) DISOKDINATE. Disonlerly. {Lat.) DISORDINAUNCF. Irregularity. (^.-.V.) DISOUR. (1) A iiluyer at dice. {A.-N.) (2) A teller of talc's. {A.-N.) An important person in the old baronial hall. DISl'ACARLEI). Seallercd. " Dispersed and dispacarled," Two Lane. Lovers, 1610, p. 57. mSI'AR. (1) Unequal. {Lat.) (2) A commons or share. North. DISPARAGE. (1) To disable. {A.-N.) (2) A disparagement. (.i.-N.) And th.it hyl were a grclc diitin-ntgr To the and nil thy baronage. .VS. Ointiih Kf. II. m, I. 174 20 DIS 306 DIS DISPARENT. Variegated. (Lot.) DISPARKLE. To scatter ; to disperse. Dis- percled. Hall, Edward IV. f. 19. DISPARLID. Beaten down; destroyed. DISPARPLE. To disperse. Lydgate. DISPART. (1) To divide ; to separate. (2) The peg or pin set upon the mouth of a piece bv which the level was taken. DISPART ELYN. To disperse. Pr. Pan. DISPEED. To dispatch. Lister. DISPE.VCE. Expence; the necessaries of life. {J.-N.) Dispencis, MS. Lansd. 762. DISPENDE. To expend ; to waste. DISPENDERE. A steward. {Lat.) DISPENDIOUS. Sumptuous; costly. {Lat.) DISPER.'VUN'CE. Despair. (.i.-X.) DISPEYRID. In despair. He caujte comforte and consolacioun Of alle that ever he was afore dUpei/rid, Liidgate, MS. Soc. Jntiq. 1S4, f. 5. DISPITE. To grumble; to be angry; to be spitefiU ; to defy. (^.-iV.) DISPITOUS. Angry to excess. (^.-.V.) DISPLE. To disciphue ; to chastise. DISPLEASANT. Unpleasant; offensive. DISPLESAUNS. Displeasure. (A..N.) Ther mowthis to pleyne ther disple&auns MS. Canlab. Ff. i. 6, f. 45. DISPLESURE. To displease. (A.-N.) DISPOIL. To undress. {J.-N.) DISPOLNT. To disappoint. (.^.-.V.) DISPONE. To dispose. (Lat.) DISPORT. (1) To divert. {A.-X.) (2) Sport ; diversion. (A.-X.) DISPOSE. Disposal ; disposition ; arrangement. Shak. DISPOSED. Inclined to mirth and jesting. Sometimes, wantonly merry. See Nares, and the examples quoted by him. "Wend thee from mee, Venus, I am not disposed.^' Shep- herd's Song of Venus and Adonis, 1600. DISPOSITION. Disposal. Chaucer. DISPOURVEYED. Unprovided. (A.-X.) DISPREDDEN. To spread around. See PhiUis and Flora, Lond. 1598. For he hire kirtille fonde also, -^nd feek hire mantetle bothe two, Dispied upoQ the bed alofte. Goicet; .VS. Soc. Julio. 134, f. 1"1. DISPREISE. To undervalue. (A.-X.) DISPUNGE. To sprinkle. Shak. DISPUNISHABLE. Not capable of punish- ment. See Stanihurst's Descr. p. 26. DISPUTESOUN. A dispute, or disputation. (A.-.y.) See Langtoft's Chron. p. 300. DISQUIET. To disturb ; to trouble. DISR.\NK. To degrade ; to put out of rank or order. (.^.-X.) DISRAY. Clamour. (A.-X.) Also, to fight irregularly, to put out of order. DISRULILY. In-egularly. Chaucer. DISSAR. A scoffer ; a fool. DISSE.\T. To unseat ; to remove. DISSEILE. To deceive. (A.-X.) DISSEMBLABLE. Unlike; dissimilar. DISSE.MBLANCE. DissembUng. (Fr.) DISSENT. Descent. Lydgate DISSENTIENT. Disagreeing. (Lat.) DISSENTORI. A kind of stiU. (Lat.) DISSEYA'AUNT. Deceitfid. (.^.-.V.) DISSHROWED. Made open, or manifest; published. See Stanihm-st's Descr. p. 15. DISSIMULARY'. To dissimulate. Halt. DISSIMULE. To dissemble. (A.-X.) DISSIMULER. A dissembler. (,/.-,V.) DISSIMULINGS. Dissemblings. Chaucer. DISSNINS. A distance in horseracing, the eighth part of a mile. DISSOLVE. To solve ; to explain. (Lat.) DISSONED. Dissonant. (,^.-.V.) DISSURY. The strangury. Timer. DIST.\FF. St. Distaii"s day, a name joculaily given to the day after Twelfth Day. Also called Rock-day. DISTAINE. To discolour; to stain; to take away the colour. (.^.-.V.) Sometimes, to calm, still, or pacify, from destahtdre. Ye washe cleyne fro mole and spottcs blake. That wyne nor oyle nor yit none inke di^tyene. MS. Canlab. Ff. i. 6, f. 141. DISTANCE. Discord; debate; dissension; distiu-bance. " Withoutyn onv dystaunce ' MS. HarL 3954. For after raete, without distanst The cockwoldes schuld together danse. MS. .lahmole Slj f . 01. He preyeth yow that ye wylle cese. And let owre londys be in peea Wythowtyn any dt/itawtire. MS. Canlab. Ff. ii. 38. f. 78. DISTASTE. An insult. Joimon. Also a verb, to displease, to insult. DISTEMPERATE. Immoderate. Hence iii.ier. DITTKI). Dirtied ; befrrimed. Line. DIT'I'KN. .Mi]rt:ir or cbiy to stop up an oven. J)ittin, Yorkbh. Dial. 109". DITT1;K. The game of Touch and Run. DHRNAE-WOME-N. Women who cried the dailv |)ai)ers about the streets. DIV. ' Do. .Worth. DIVE-DAI'l'ER. The dobcbick, or didapper. *' Sonu; fnikys cal her a dyvedojjpcr or a dop. pecliyk," Dial. Creat. Moral, p. 159. Some- times called {hr ili/rentlop, DIVi;i,IN. Duldiii. West. DlVKIUi. A ))roveib. {Lat.) DIVEROliS. Wayward. (A.-N.) DIVERSE. Ditfercnt. Also, to diversify. DIVKKSORY. An inn. {Lat.) DIVERT. To turn aside. {Lat.) DIVKST. To undress. {A.-N.) DIVET. A turf or sod. North. DIVIDAIil.E. Diviiled; distant. Shak. DIVIDA.NT. Divisible. Shak. DIVIDE. To make divisions in music, which is, the running a simple strain into a great variety of shorter notes to the same modu- lation. Narcs. DIVILIN. A brick-kiln. Line. DIVINACLE. A riddle. Phillips. DIVINE. Di\initv. Chauci^. DIVINISTRE. A divine. {A.-N.) DIVIS. Device. {A.-N.) DIVISE. To divide ; to separate. Clenlyche fro the croune his cor-se he dyeysyde. Morte Arthurs, MS. Linviltlt f. 68. DIVULGATE. To divulge. See Arch. xxii. 254. Devulr/acion, Hall, llenrv VII. f. 31. DIVVENT. Do not. CumI). DIVVY-DUCK. A dobcliick. West. DIZARD. See Disar. DIZE. See Dise. DIZEN. To dress; to adorn ; to be conceited or pompous. North. DIZZARDLY. Foolish ; stupid. DI3T. To pronounce ; to make. Gawayne. DO. (1) Though; then. Kent. (2) To cause. / do make, i. e. I cause to make, or to be made ; / do one to understand, &c. Metaphorically, to fight. (3) The part, jiast. for tlon. (4) To do one right, or reason, to pledge a per- son in drinking. Shak. (5) To do for, to take care of, to provide for; to do for one, to ruin him ; to do to death, to do to die, to kill or slay ; to do to know, to in- form, &c. (6) Deed ; action ; contest. (7) To put ; to place. As do on, do in, &c. stil' in provincial use. (8) A fete ; an entertainment. North. DOAGE. Rather damp. Lane. DOALD. Fatigued. Craven. DOAN. \\'et, danip bread. Devon. DOAND. Doing. (A.-S.) DOATED. Beginning to decay, chiefly applied to old trees. East. DOATTEE. To nod the head when sleep comer on, whilst one is sitting up. E.rm. DOBBIN. (1) An old jaded horse. (2) Sea gravel mixed with sand. East Sussex. DOBBI.E. To daub. East. DOBBY. A fool; a silly old man. Also, a kind of spirit. North. The dol/fjies seem to be similar to the Scottish liroiimies. They are w(rll described bv Wa.sbiiigton Irving in his Bmecbriilge Hall', ed. IH22, ii. 183-6. DOBE. To dub a knight. {A.-S.) DOBKLl.ET. A rloiihjet. Plumpt. Corr. p. 136. DOBELVNE. To double. Pr. Parv. DOBIL. Double. Cliaueer. DOBY. To strike; to beat. {A.-N.) DOCCY. A doxy, or whore. " No man playe dorc}/,^^ llveke Seonu'r, n. <1. DOCIHLE. 'Tradable; docile. North. DOCIMSIST. Most docile. East. DOCITY. Docility ; (juiekncss. Glouc. DOCK. (1) Futuo. Drkker. "Docking the rlell," a very common phrase. DOD 308 DOG (2) The fleshy part of a boar's chine, between the middle and the buttock; the stump of a beast's tail ; the broad nether end of a felled tree, or of the human body. (3) To cut off. Var. dial. (4) The common mallow, far. dial. (5) The crupper of a saddle. Devon. (6) If a person is stung with a nettle, a cer- tain cure is said to be performed by rub- bing dock leaves over the atTected part, re- peating the following charm very slowly — " Nettle in, dock out, dock rub nettle out." In Cheshire, according to Wilbraham, in dock out nettle is a kind of proverbial sajing ex- pressive of inconstancy. Hence may be ex- plained the passages in Chaucer, Troil. and Creseide, iv. 461 ; Test, of Love, p. 482. There was a small stinging red nettle called the dock-nettle, as appears from MS. Harl. 978, the A. N. name being ortie griesche. Uncertaine cerlaine, never loves to settle. But lieere, there, everywtiere ; in dock, out nettle. Taylor's Motto, 1622. UOCKAN. The dock. North. DOCKERER. Fur made of the skin of the dossits, or weasel, the pe/it gris. DOCKET. (1) A slired or piece. {A.-S.) (2) A woodman's bill. O-ron. DOCKEY. A meal taken about ten o'clock A.M. by field labourers. East. DOCKSPITTER. A tool for puUing or cutting up docks. Dorset. DOCKSy. The fundament. East. DOCTOR. An apothecary. Doctor of still, a physician. Doctor's stuff, medicine. Car. dial, DOCTOR.\TE. Doctorship. Thynne, p. 22. DOCTRINE. To teach. (.^.-A'.) The Puri- tans in their sermons used to call the subject under explanation the doctrine. DOCUMENTIZE. To preach ; to moralise. DOD. (1) The fox-tail reed. North. (2) To cut the wool otf sheep's tails ; to lop or cut off anything. Dodded, without horns. Dodded cont, corn without beards. (3) A sheU. Siiffoti. (4) A rag of cloth. Cumb. DODDART. A bent stick used in the game called DONNINETHELL. Wild hemp. Gerard. DONNINGS. Dress ; clothes. West. DONNL'T. A i)ancake made of dough instead of batter. Herts. DONNY'. (1) Same as donne, q. v. (2) Poorly ; out of sorts. Lane. (3) A profligate woman. West. (4) A small fishing-net. Line. DONSEL. A vouth of good birth hut not knighted. (,J.-.V.) DON'T. Dont oui/tit, ought not. Dont think, do not think. Var. dial. DONYED. Dinned ; resounded. (A.-S.) Soche strokys gaf the knyghtys stowte. That the hylle doni/ed all abowte J/S. Cantab. Ft', ii. 38 f. 23-i DOOD. Done. Devon. DOODLE. A trifler, or idler. Ash. DOODLE-SACK. A bagpipe. Kent. DOOGS. Same as donks, q. v. DOOKE. (1) Do vou. Wills. (2) A duck. Pr. Parv. DOR 311 DOR DOOKELYNGYS. Ducklings. Pr. Pan. DOOM. Judgment. (.-/.-.V.) DOOM.VN. A woman. Var. dial. DOON. (1) To do. (A.-S.) (2) The village cage or prison. Line. DOOR. The fish cloref. DOOR-CHEEKS. Door-posts. See C/ieeis, and Exod. xu. 22, ed. 1040. DOORDERN. A door-frame. Line. DOOR-KEEPER. A whore. DeUcr. DOORN. A door-frame. Jf'ilts. DOOR-NAIL. " Ded as dore nail," Will, and the Werwolf, p. 23. This proverb is still in use. " As deed as a dore-tree," Piers Plougli- man, p. 26. DOOR-PIECE. A piece of tapestry hung be- fore an open door. DOOR-SILL. The threshold of a door. DOOR-STAANS. Same as Door-sill, q. v. DOOR-ST.\LL. A door-i)Ost. Eaal. DOOR-STEAD. Same as door-sill, q. v. DOORWAY. The entrance into a building, or apartment. DOORY. Verv little; diminutive. Yorksh. DOOSE. (1) a' blow, or slap. North. (2) Thrifty ; careful ; cleanly. North. (3) Soft to the touch. Line. DOOSENLOOP. The same as Dommelheed, q. v. DOOSEY-CAP. A punishment among boys in the North of England. DOOTE. A fool. (.'I.-N.) How Inrdis am) lertcrs of our lawe Has geven dome that this doote schall dye. Walpotc Mi/slene4, MS. DOOTLE. A notch in a wall to receive a beam, in building. North. DO-OUT. To clean out. Suffnllc. DOP. A short quick curtsey. East. The term occurs in Ben Jonson. DOP-A-LOW. Very short in stature, especially spoken of females. East. nOPCIIICKEN. The dahchick. Line. DOPE. A sim|iU;ton. Cnmb. DOPEY. A beggar's trull. (Irose. DOPPEKBIRl). The dabchick, or didappcr. Doppar in the Pr. Parv. p. 127. DOPPERS. The Anabaptists, or dij)]iera, much disliked in Jonson's time, who mentions them under this name. DOPT. To adopt. " I would dojit him," Chettle's IlotVnian. 1031, sig. F. iv. DOR. (1) A drone or l)eetle; a cockchafer. To dor, or to give the dor, to make a fool of one, corresponding to the modern hum, to deceive. Dor, a fool, Hawkins, iii. 109. (2) To obtain a dor, to get leave to sleep. A schooIi)oy's plirase. (3) To frigl'itcn, or stujiify. Il'est. DORADO. Anylliing gilded. (.Span.) Hence, a smooth-faced rascal. DOR.VLLK. Same as dariol, q. v. DOIIMEMSII. Very clumsy. Line. I)OIU'.\S. Denevolent societies which furnish poor witli clothing gratuitously or at a cheaj) rate. Hence, prrliaps, dorcasi'd, finely decked out. Line. Sec Acts, ix. 30. DORCHESTER. As big as a Dorchester butt, i. e. exccediiijrly fat. DORDE. Some kind of sauce used in ancient cookery. Feest, ix. DORE. (i) There. {A.-S.) (2) To dare. {A.-S.) And otherwhlle, yf that I dore, Er I come fully to the dore, I turne a;en and fayne a thinge. As thouje I hadde lost a rynge. Oower.ilS. Sac. Antiq. 134, f. 121. (3) To Stare at one. North. DORE-APPLE. A finn winter apple of a bright vellow colour. Ea.'it. DOREE. Paslrv. (.^.-A^.) DOREN. Doors. (A.-S.) DORESTOTHES. Door-posts. Finek. Chart. DORE-TREE. The hiir of a door. See Piers Ploughman, p. 20 ; Havelok, 1800. DORFER. An imiMident fellow. North. DORGE. A kind of lace. DORISHMENT. Hardship. North. DOR-LINES. Mackerel hues, .\orth. DORLOT. An ornament for a woman's dress. (A.-N.) Sometimes the same as Calle (1). DOR.\L To dose ; a dose. North. DollMANT. The large beam lying across ;•. room ; a joist. Also called dormant-tree, dormond, and dormer. Anything fixed wa.. said to be dormant. The dormant-tnltle wcs perhaps the fixed table at the end of a hall, wliere the baron sat in judgment and on state occasions. See Chaucer, Cant. T. 3.').') ; Hall, Henry VIII. f. IKl ; Cyprian Academic, 1647, ii. 58. To begin the tabul dormant, to take the principal place. A tafiul linrmnnt that he begynne; Then shal we lawj that be herein. MS Cantnb. Ff. V. 48, f. S4 Kyng Arthour than veramcnt Ordeynd throw hys awne assent. The lattull dormounte withouten Ictle. MS. .-tghmote 6i, f. (lO. DORMATIVE. Sleepy. (Lai.) " A dorma- tive jjotinn," Colder of Canterburie, 1008. DOR.MEDORY. A sleepy, stupid, inactive per- son. Ileref. DOKMEU. .'\ window pierced through a sloping roof, and placed in a small gable which rises oit the side of the roof. Ojf. Gloss. Arch. In Herefordshire, an attic window projecting from the roof is called a donnit. DORMOND. Part of the clothing of a bed. Finehale Chart. DORNEX. See name.r. DOKNS. Door-posts. Devon. DORNTON. A small repast taken between breakfast and dinner. North. DORP. A village, or hamlet. {A.-S.) DOKRE. (1) Durst. See Rob. Glouc. p. 112 j Beves of llamloun, p. 107. (2) To deafen. Somerset. DOIIREL. A pollard. Jlarw. DOUKER. A sleeper; a lazy person. DOKKY. Soic/ies dorrij, so|)s endorsed, or Riii- soned. Forme of Cur;', p. 43. DOT 312 DOU DORSEIj. A pack-saddle, panniers in which fish are carried on horsehack. Susse.r. Dur- sers, fish-haskets, Ord. and Reg. p. 143. UORSERS. Hangings of various kinds ; tapes- try. See Test. Vetnst. p. 258 ; Rutland Papers, p. 7. {.-l.-N. dorsal.) " Docers of highe prjse," Ber\n, 101. DORSTODE. A door-post. (J.-S.) DORTED. Stupiticd. Cumb. DORTH. Through. Ritson. DORTOUR. A dormitory, or sleeping room. (./.-A'.) " Slepe as monke in his dortoure," Langtoft, p. 256. The part of a monastery which contained tiie sleeping rooms was the dorter or dortoir, Davies, p. 133. " The dor- tor staires," Pierce Penilesse, p. 51. DORTY. Saucy ; nice. Northimb. DORY. A drone bee. Philpot. DOS. (1) A master. North. (2) Joshua. Yorksh. DOSAYN. A dozen. Kyng Alls. 657. DOSE. Does. North. Then durst I swere thei shuld abye. That dose oure kynge that vilanye. MS. Cantab. Ff. V. 48, f. 48. DOSEBEIRDE. A simpleton; a fooh See Chester Plays, ii. 34, and Do.siberde, the latter form occurring in the Medulla. Dossiberde, ih. i. 201 ; doscibeirde, i. 204. DOSEL. See Dorfers. DOSELLE. The faucet of a barrel. (J.-N.) " Caste a%vei the dosils" R. Glouc. p. 542. And when he had made holes so fele. And stoppyd every oon of them with a doselle. JUS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 139. DOSENED. Cold ; benumbed. North. DOSENS. Straight clothes manufactured in Devonshire, temp. Hen. V. DOSER. See Dorsers. DOSION. Same as dashin, q. v. DOSK. Dark; dusky. Craven. DOSNELL. Stupid'; clownish. Hoivell. DOSOME. Healthy ; thriving. North. DOSS. (1) A hassock. East. (2) To attack with the horns. East. (3) To sit down rudely. Kent. DOSSAL. A rich ornamented cloak worn by persons of high rank. (J.-N.) DOSSEL. A wisp of hay or straw to stop up an aperture in a barn ; a plug ; the rose at the end of a water-pipe. North. Perhaps from doselle, q. v. DOSSER. A pannier, or basket. He fell to discoursing within an odde manner of love-making, when beginning very low, marking her new shod feet hanging over herdos^e/-^, beganne with this commendation. Pasquil's Jests, 1629, DOSSERS. A motion of the head in children, caused by atfectionsof the brain. East. DOSSET. A small quantity. Kent. DOSSITY. Ability ; quickness. West. DOSTER. A daughter. Pr. Parv. DOSY. Dizzy, or giddy. (.^.-.V.) DOT. A small lump, or pat. Palsgrave. DOTANCE. Fear; reverence. {A.-N.) DOTANT. A dotard. S/iai. DOTARD. Same as doated. q. v. DOTAUNCE. Fear; doubt; uncertainty. (^.-A^.) DOTE. A foohsh fellow. {J.-S.) Also a verb, to be foolish in anv way. DOTED. Foohsh ; simple. (J.-S.) DOTE-FIG. A fig. Devon. See Junius. " A topet of fygge dodes," Howard Householil Books, p. 351. DOTES. Endowments ; good qualities. {Lat.) DOTH. Dove. (J.-S.) DOTHER. To totter, or tremble. North. The duk itotered to the ground. Sir Degrevant, 1109. DOTONE. To dote ; to be foohsh. Pr. Pan. DOTOUS. Doubtful. (A.-N.) DOTS. Gingerbread nuts. East. DOTTEL. Same as Doselle, q. v. DOTTEREL. A bird said to be so foohshly fond of imitation as to be easily caught. Hence a stupid fellow, an old doating fool, a sense still current in Craven. Wherefore, good reader, that I save them may, I now with them the very dottrit play. A BoL'k /or Boys and Girls, l6Stj. DOTTYPOLES. See Dodijwll. DOUBLE. (1) To shut up anything; to clench the fists, far. J'tal. (2) To make double ; to fold up. (3) ."V h::re is said to double, when she winds about in plain fields to deceive the hounds. (4) A kind of stone formerly used in building'. See Wilhs, p. 25. (5) The play double or quit, i.e. to win a doulilr sum, or lose nothing. (6) To make a duplicate of any writing. Tu double, to vary in telhng a tale twice over. (7) A letter patent. Cowell. DOUBLE-BEER. Strong beer, or ale. {Fr.) DOUBLE-CLOAK. A cloak which might be worn on either side, adapted for disguises. D0UBLE-CO.\L. A carboniferous measure of coal, frequently five feet thick. DOUBLE-COUPLE. Twin lambs. East. DOUBLER. A large dish, plate, or bowl. North. See Pr. Parv. pp. 70, 124. DOUBLE. READER. A member of an Inn of Court whose turn it was to read a second time. Jonson, vi. 81. DOUBLE-RIBBED. Pregnant. North. DOUBLE-RUFF. A game at cards. DOUBLE-SPRONGED. When potatoes lie in the ground till the new crop shoots out fresh bulbs, they are said to be double-spronged. DOUBLET. (1) A military garment covering the upper part of the body from the neck to the waist. The pourpointe in Caxton. (2) A false jewel or stone consisting of two pieces joined together. DOUBLE-TOJL A double-breasted plough. East. DOUBLE-TOXGUE. The herb horsetonguc. DOUBLETS. A game somewhat similar to backgammon, but less complicated. See Cot- grave, in wRenette; R. Fletcher's Poems, p. 129; Tavlor's Motto, 1622, sig. D. iv. DOUBTSOME. Doubtful; uncertain. North. DOU 313 DOW DOUCE, f 1) Sweet ; pleasant. (^.-.V.) He drawes into dnure Fraunce, as Ducheraen tellez. Morte .-trlhure, MS. Liitcoht, f. 66. (2) A blow. far. dial. Also a verb. A pat in the face, Tusser, p. xxii. (3) Snug ; comfortable. North. (4) Sober ; prudent. Xort/t. (5) Chaff. Devon. (6) To (luck in water. Craven. (7) To put out, as Juut, q. v. (8) The back of the hand. Line. DOUCE-AME. See ^nie (3). DOUCET. (1) Sweet. (^.-A'.) Fie (lelicat metes and rioucet drinkeB, al the while thou art not syke. JUS. Bortt. 423, f. 182. (2) A small custard or pasty. See Ord. and Reg. pp. 174, 178; Rutland Papers, p. 125. "A l.\-tell flawne," Palsgrave. (3) Some musical instrument. See Tyrwhitt's Gloss, to Chaucer, p. 69. The dulcimer, ac- cording to Skinner. DOUCET-PIE. A sweet-herb pie. Devon. DOUCETS. The testes of a deer. DOUCH. To bathe. Somerset. DOUCKER. A didapper. Kermett. " Dou- \ieTC, plounjotin," Reliq. .-Vntiq. ii. 83. DOUDY. Shabbilv dressed, lar.dial. DOUFKE. A dove. Lydgate. DOUGH. (1) Though. Ritson. (2) A little cake. North. (3) The stomach. Salop. DOUGIl-BAKED. Imperfectly baked. Hence of weak or dull understanding. DOUGH-CAKE. An idiot. Devon. DOUGH-COCK. A fool. See Daw.coek. DOUGH-FIG. A Turkey fig. Somerset. DOUGH-LEAVEN. A lump of leaven prepared for nuiking leavened bread. IFest. DOUGIIT. To do aught, to be able to do any- thing. Trisfrem. DOUGHTER. A daughter. {A.-S.) DOUGHTIER. More doughty. {.-I.-S.) DOUGUTREN. Daughters. '(A.-S.) DOUGIl-UP. To stick, or adhere. East. DOUGHY. Foolish. Derby. DOUGUE. To wash thoroughly. Yorksh. DOUHTERN. Daughters. Leg. Cath. p. 126. DOUllTY. Stout ; strong ; brave. (A.-S.) DOUK. To stoop the head ; to bow j to dive or bathe; a dip. North. DOUKY'. Damp ; wet ; moist. North. DOUL. (I) Down ; feathers. Salop. " Y'oung dowl of tlu! bearfl," Howell, sect. i. (2) .\ nail sharpened at each end ; a wooden pin or plug to fasten planks with. DOULE. Thick; dense. {A.-N.) Ab In the woddis for to walke undir doule nchndin. MS. .-Ithmolc •14, f. 75. DOUNDRINS. Afternoon drinkings. Derb. DOUNESTIYHE. To go down. {A.-S.) DOUNS. A foolish person ; an idle girl. North. DOUNJ. Down. R. Glouc. p. 208. DO. UP. To fasten. I or. dial. DOUP. The buttocks. North. Pour. Sour looking; sullcn. North. DOU RE. (I) To endure. See Gy of Warwike, p. 210 ; ArtbouT and Merlin, p. 359. (2) To dower, or endow. (A -N) DOUSE. See Douee. DOUSHER. An inconsiderate person ; one who is incUned to mn all hazards (piite careless of the consequences ; a madman. Line. DOUSSING. The weasel. (Ut.) DOUST. Dust, powder. Ifesl. " Grinde it all to doust," Forme of Cury, p. 28. DOUT. To do out ; to put out ; to extinguish. Douted, dead. Var. dial. DOUTABLE. In uncertainty, or peril. (A.-N.) DOUTANCE. Doubt; fear.' (A.-N) DOUTE. Fear. Also a verb. I am a marchant and ride aboute. And fele sithis I am in dowte. MS Cantah. V(. v. 48, f. 47. DOUTELES. Without doubt. (A.-N.) DOUTEOUSE. Fearful. (A.-N.) DOUTER. An extinguisher. Douters, instru- ments like snuffers for extinguishing the can- dle without cutting the wick ; the snuffers themselves. Dotvtes, extinguishers. Cunning, ham's Revels Accounts, pp. 58, 160. DOUTHE. (1) Doubt. (A.-N.) (2) Was worth, was sufficient, availed. Prom A.-S. Dugan. See Havelok. (3) People; nobles. Gawayne. DOUTIF. Mistrustful. (^.-A^.) The kyuge was doutif o( this dom. Gower, MS. Sac. Antiq. 134, f. 190. DOUTLER. Same as doubter, a. v. DOUTOUS. Doubtful. Chaucer. DOUTREMERE. From beyond tlie sea. " In fine blacke sattin doutremere," Urrv, p. 405. DOUVE. To sink ; to lower. North. DOUWED. Gave ; endowed. Hearne. DOUZZY. Didl ; stupid. Chesh. D0U3TILI. Bravely. (A.-S.) DOVANE. A custom-house. (Fr DOVE. To thaw. E.vrnoor. DOVEN. Or doveniiiij, a slumber. North. DOVER. (1) A sandy piece of waste ground near the sea. South. (2) To be in a dose. North. DOVERCOURT. A village in Essex, apparently celebrated for its scolds. Keeping Dovercourt, making a great noise. Tusser, p. 12, men- tions a Dovercourt beetle, i. c. one that could make a loud noise. DOVER'S-GA.MES. Annual sports held on the CotswoUl hills from time immemorial. They had fallen in vigour about 1000, but were re- vived shortly aflir that |)eriod by Captain Dover. The lull where the games are cele- brated is still called Dover's Hill. DOVE'S-FOOT. The herb columbine. DOW. (1) To mend in health ; to thrive. " Pro- verbium apud Anglo.i Boreales, he'll never dow egg nor bird," Upton MS. and Y'orksh. Dial. p. 83. (2) A dove, or pigeon. Var. dial. See Rutland i'apers, p. 10 ; Skelton's Works, i. 157. " Co. lumba,Anglicetidov,e," MS. tiih.Reg.l'iS.i.f.y. (3) A little cake. North. (4) Good. U'estmorel. (5) Thou. Oetovian, 836. 20* DOW 314 DOZ DOWAIRE. A dower. {A.-N.) DO-WAY. Cease. Do way, quoii Adam, let be that. Be God I wolde not for my hat Be takyn with sich a gyle. MS. Cantab. Ff. v. 48, f. 49. DOWAYN. " A mantel of DowajTi," a mantel from Do)iay, a Flemish mantle. DOWBALL. A turnip. Line. DOWBILNYS. Insincerity. Butt feynyd drede and datcbihiys MS. Canlah. Ff. i. 6, f. 45. DOWBLET. Same as doubter, q. v. Clippe hem with a peyre sherys on smale pecis into a faire basyne, and thannedohem intoaglasse pot that men clepene a dowblet. MS. Bright, f. 4. DOWBOY. A hard dumpling. East. DOWCE-EGYR. An ancient dish in cookery mentioned in Prompt. Pary. p. 129. DOWCER. A sugar-plum. TJ'est. DO WD. (1) Flat ; dead ; spiritless. Lane. (2) A night-cap. Devon. DOWE. (1) Day. Donofdowe, killed. (2) Dough for bread. Pr. Pan. DOWEL. See Doul. DOWELS. Low marshes. Kent. DOWEN. To give ; to endow. (J.-N.) DOWER. A rabbit's burrow. Pr. Parv. DOWF. A dove. And on the temple of dowfa whyte and fayre Saw I sitte many a hondred payre. MS. Cantab. Ff. i. 6, t. 26. As dotcfes eje hirloke is swete. Rose on thorn to hir unmete. Cursor Mundi, .VS. CM. Trin. Cantab, f. 58. DOW-HOUSE. A dove-cote. East. DOWII3. Dough ; paste. Pegge. DOWIE. Worn out with grief. North. DOWING. Healthfid. Lane. DO-WITUALL. I cannot do withall, i. e. I cannot help it. This phrase is not uncom- mon in early writers. " If he beare displea- sure agaynst me, I can nat do withall" Pals- grave, 1530. DOWKE. To liang down ; to fall untidily or slovenly, as hair, riliands, &c. Also as douk, q. v. See Tliyune, p. 78. DOWL. The devil. Exmoor. DOWL.\S. Coarse linen, imported from Brit- tany, and chiefly worn by the lower classes. DOWLD. Dead ;' flat. Yorish. DOWLER. A coarse dumpling. East. DOWLY. (1) Melancholy; lonely. North. (2) Dingy ; colourless. North. (3) Grievous ; doleful ; bad. Yorish. DOWM. Dumb. (.V.-S.) DOWMPE. Dumb. Tundale, p. 49. DOWN. (1) A company of hares. (2) To knock down ; to'faU. North. (3) Sickly ; poorly. Craven. (4) Disconsolate ; cast down. As the phrase, dovm in the mouth. (5) A hill. (A.-S.) (6) Down of an eye, having one eye nearly blind. North. (7) A hank of sand. {A.-N.) DOWN- ALONG. (I) Downwards. West. (2) A little hill. Devon. DOWNARG. To contradict ; to argue in a po- sitive overhearing manner. West. DOWN-BOUT. A tough battle. East. Also, a hard set-to, as of drinking. DOWNCOME. (1) A depression, or downfall, as a fall of rain ; a fall in the market, &c. (2) A piece of luck. North. DOWNDAISMOUS. Audacious. Dorset. DOWNDAP. To diTO down. Devon. DOWN-DINNER. See Doundrins. DOWN-DONE. Too much cooked. Line. DOWNE. Done. Weber. DOWNFALL. A fall of hail, rain, or snow. Var. dial. DOWNFALLY. Out of repair. East. DOWN(iATE. A fall, or descent. {A.-S.) DOWNGENE. Beaten ; chastised. {A.-S.) 3onge chihiir that in the scole leris, of thay praye to God that thay be noghte downgene, God heris thame noghte, for if thay were noghte doun- gene thay wolde noghte lere. MS. Lincoln A . i. 17. f. 237. DOWN-HEARKEN. See Downarg. DOWNHEARTED. Sad; melancholy. P'ar. dial. DOWN-HOUSE. The back-kitchen. North. DOWNLYING. A lying in. Var. dial. DOWNO-CANNOT. When one has power, but wants the will to do anything. Cumb. DOWN-PINS. Persons quite tb-unk. East. DOWN-POUR. A very hea\-v rain. North. DOWN-SELLA. The donze'Ua, an old dance described in Shak. Soe. Pap. i. 27. DOWN-SITTING. A comfortable settlement, especially in marriage. North. DO\\'NY. Low-spirited. East. DOWP. Tlie carrion crow. North. DOWPAR. Tlie dabchick. Pr. Parv. DOWRY. The smallest and last-hatched of a breed of birds. North. DOWRYBBE. An instrument used for scraping and cleansing the kneading trough. Also spelt dowrgs. See Pr. Pan*, p. 129. DOWSE. (I) A doxy ; a strumpet. (2) Same as Douee, q. v. (3) To rain heavily. North. (4) To beat or thrash. Var. dial. DOWT. A ditch, or drain. Litte. DOWTTOUSE. Brave ; doughty. " A dowt- touse derfe dede," Morte Arthure, MS. Line. DOWVE. A dove. {A.-S.) 5e, he scyde, y saghe a syghte Yn the lykenes of a dotvves flyghte MS. Harl. 1701. f. 2. DOXY. A mistress ; a strumpet. " A woman beggar, a do.rie," Cotgrave. A sweetheart, in an innocent sense. North. Also, a vixen. DOYLE. Asquint. Gloue. DOYSE. Dost. Towneleg Mgst. DOYT. Doth. Ritson. DOYTCH-BACKS. Fences. North. DOZE.M. To slumber. Dozened, dozand,spnt- less, impotent, withered. DOZENS. Devonshire kersies. DRA 315 DRA DOZEPERS. 'Noblemen ; the Douze-Pairs of France. Dosyper, Octovian, 923. As Charles stod by chance at conscil with his feris, Whichc that were of Fraunce liis o;cn dozepera. MS. Aahmole 33, f. 3. As Charles was In his grevance stondyng among his feres, And counsailede with the grete of Fraunce anil with ys fiotbthe pcres. MS. It'td. DOZZINS. Corn shaken out in carrjing home the sheaves. North. Possibly from A.-N. douzin. DOZZLE. A small quantity. Var. dial. DOZZLED. Stupid ; llea^7. East. D05HTREN'. Daughters. Rob. Glouc. DO5-TKO3. A rlough-trough. {.l.-S.) D05TUK. A (laughter. {J.-S.) He tliat be my tiit^tur lay t I tolde the of hym ^isturday, I wolde he were in helle. MS. CaiiKib. Ff. V. 48, f. 63. DRAANT. A drawl. .Suffolk. DRAB. (1) To follow loose women. " Dyeing, drinking, and drabbiug," Dekker's Knight's Conjuring, \i. 28. From the subst. (2) A small delit. North. (3) To drub ; to heat. Kent. DRAB-.VND-NORK. A game very similar to trippit and coit. See Brockett. DRABBLE. To draggle in the mire. Var. dial. See Pr. Parv. pp. 129, 283. DKABBLE-TAIL. A slattern, one who has the hotloin of lier gown dirtied. / ar. dial. DRACKSTOOL. The threshold. Devon. DRAD. Feared ; dreaded ; afraid. {^.-S.) DRADE. Drew. Devon. No douht an error for brade ill Rom. of the Rose, 4200. DRyED. Thread. Drvon. (A.-S.) DRAF. Dregs ; dirt ; refuse ; brewers' grains ; anything thrown away as unfit for man's food. {A.-S.^ " Dr.iffc of grapes," Gesta Rom. p. 414. Tak the rute of playiitayn with the sede, and stampe thame with staleworlhe vynaere, and drynk the jewse, and eiiplaster theii/'//,' ajione thenavillc. MS. Line. Med. f. 295. DRAFFIT. A tub for hog-wash. Went. DRAFFY. Coarse and bad. From (/en/". "Some drunken drouzie draffieAun'\K dounghill stile," Pil to Purge Melaneholie, n. d. DR.VF-SAK. A saek full of draf. Ilenee often used as a term of eontenipt. " Willi his nioste vyle draffesacke or puddynge bealy," I'als- grave's Acolasius, 1510. " Dratfe sacked ruftians," Hall, lleniy VII. f. 43. DRAFT. Same as Catch (1). DRA FT Y. Of no value. From draf. DRAC. (1) A skid-pan. Var. dial. (2) A malkin for an oven. North. See \Aithals' Diclioiiarie, lG08,p. 172. (3) A heavy harrow used for breaking clods in stitf land. / ar. dial. (4) An instrument for moving timber, drawing u]i stones, or heavy weights, iic. (5) A fence placed across running w.iter, con- sisting of a kind of hurdle which swings on hinges, fastened to a hori/.ontal pole. West. (C) A dung-fork. North. (7) A raft. Blount. (8) To drawl in speaking. West. DRAGANS. The herb serpentine. It is men- tioned in MS. Line. Med. f. 290. Dragonee, Reliq. Aiitiq. i. 301. DRAGE. A kind of spice. {A.-N.) DRAGEE. A small comfit. \a.-N.) " A dra- gee of the yolkcs of harde eyren," Ord. and Reg. p. 4.')4. " A gude drai/y for gravelle in the bleddir," MS. Line. Med. f. 300. DRAGEME. A drachm. Arch. xxx. 406. DRAGENALL. A vessel for dragees or small comfits. See Test. Vetust. p. 92. DRAGGE. Same as dragee, q. v. DRAGGING-TIME. The evening of a fair-day, ■when the wenches are pulled about. East. DRAGGLE-TAIL. A slut. " A dunghill queane, a dragletaile," Florio, p. 100. See Cotgrave, in V. Chaperonnieze ; Withals' Dictionarie, 1608, p. 45. DRAGHT. (1) A pawn. (A.-N.) With a (iraght he was chekmate. MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 241. (2) A kind of small cart. The whiche of custutnmablc use conneth here the yren dike, and delve diches, here and drawe draf(h(es and herthennes. MS. Douce 291, f. 7- (3) Result ; consequence. {A.-N.) DRAGON. A species of carbine. DRAGONS-FEMALE. Water-dragons. Gerard. DRAIL. A toothed iron projecting from the beam of a plough for hitching the horses to. West. DRAINS. Grains from the mash-tub. East. DRAINTED. Ingrained. Wilts. DRAIT. A team of horses. North. DRAITING. Drawling. Derbyshire. DRAKE. (1) A dragon. {A.-S.) Hence a small piece of artillery so called, as in Lister's Auto- biography, p. 15. (2) A kind of curl, when the ends of the hair only turn up, and all the rest hangs smooth. To shoot a drake, to lillip the nose. (3) The darnel grass. Ea.it. DRAKES. A slop ; a mess j a jakes. West. DRALE. To drawl. North. DR.\ME. A dream. I'haucer. DRAMMOCK. A mixture of oatmeal and cold water. North. DRANE. A drone. {A.-S.) DRANG. A narrow jiath, or lane. West. DRANGOLL. A kind of wine. Pyng, drangott, and the bragct fync. MS. Rawt. C. 8fi. DRANK. The darnel grass. North. Trans- lated by briel in Rcllq. Aniiq. ii. 80, and spelt dranck. See Pr. Pan', p. 130. DRANT. (1) The herb rocket. It is the trans- lation of eraca in MS. Lansd. 560, f. 45, written in Lancashire. (2) A drawling tone. Suffolk. DRAP-DE-L.\YNE. Woollen cloth. ^.-A'.) DR.VI'E. A barren cow or ewe. Drape sheep, the refuse sheep of a flock. North. DRA 316 DRE DRAPERY. Carving or painting made to re- semble cloth, or foljage. DRAPET. A table-cloth. Spenser. DRAPLYD. Dirtied ; bedrabbled. Pr. Pan. DRAPS. Unripe fruit when fallen. East. DRASH. To thresh. Somerset. DRASHEL. A threshold. Also, aflalL ffest. DRASHER. A thresher. Somerset. DRASTES. Dregs ; refuse ; lees of wine. (J.-S.) See Gesta Rom. pp. 346, 413. " Refuse or lees of wine, or of humor," Batman uppon Bartholome, 1582. DRAT. (1) A moderated imprecation. Var.dial. (2) Dreadeth. See Gy of Warwike, p. 81 ; Piers Ploughman, pp. 165, 523. DRATCHEL. A slattern. Warw. DRATE. To drawl. North. DRATTLE. An oath, perhaps a corruption of throttle. J'ar. dial. DR.\UGHT. (1) A Jakes. " Oletum, a draught or Jakes," Elyot, 1559. See D'Ewes, ii. 127. (2) A spider's web. Metaphorically, a snare to entrap any one. (3) A kind of hound. Florio, p. 67. (4) A team of horse or oxen. North. (5) Sixty-one pounds weight of wool. DRAUGHT-CHAMBER. A withdrawing room. DR.\UGHTS. A pair of forceps used for ex- tracting teeth. DRAUN. To draw on ; to approach to. (.J.-S.) DRAUP. To drawl in speaking. Nort/i. DRAU3TE. (1) A pawn. See Draght. And for that amonge drau-^tes cchone. That unto the ches apertene may. Occleve, MS. Sue. .4ntiq. 134, f. 263. (2) Impetus ; moving force. {A.-S.) DRAVELED. Slumbered fitfully. Gawayne. DRAVY. Thick ; muddy. North. DRAW. (1) To draw toe/ether, to assemble; to draw one's purae, to pull it out. (2) A hollow tuck in a cap. Line. (3) To strain. Forme of Cury, p. 11. (4) To seek for a fox. Twici, p. 23. Drawn for, metaphorically a very cunning man. (5) To take cattle out of pasture land, that the grass may grow for hay. TTest. (6) A drawer. / 'ar. dial. (7) To throw ; to stretch anything. West. (8) To build a nest ; an old hawking term, given by Berners. (9) A term in archery, expressing the length an arrow will fly from a bow. (10) To draw a furrow, to \>\ough. East. (11) To draw amiss, to follow the scent in a wrong direction, lilome. To draw is a gene- ral term in hunting for following a track or scent. (12) A kind of sledge. West. (13) To remove the entrails of a bird. /'ar. dial. (14) A stratagem or artifice. Susse.v. DRAWBREECH. A slattern. Devon. DRAWE. (1) A throw, time, or space. (.V.-S.) Hence, sometimes, to delay. (2) To quarter after execution. " Hang and drawe," a common phrase. (3) To remove the dishes, &c. off the table, after dinner is finished. The kyng spake not oon worde Tylle meu had etyn and dyawen the borde. ilS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 81. DRAWER. The tapster, or waiter. See R. Fletcher's Poems, 1656, p. 193. DRAW-GEUE. Any furniture of cart-horses for drawing a waggon. Kennett. DRAW-GLOVES, k game played by holding up the fingers representing words by their ditl'erent positions, as we say talking with the fni/ers. It corresponds to the micare digitis, Elyot, 1559. DRAWING. A drawing-match, or a trial of strength with cart-horses in drawing carts heavilv loaded ; a practice formerly common in Suffolk. DRAWING-AWAY. Dying. Craven. DRAWING-BOXES. Drawers. Unton, p. 10. DRAWK. (1) A weed very similar to the dar- nel grass. East. (2) To saturate with water. North. DRAWLATCH. A thief. Literally, a house- breaker. The word long continued a term of contempt, as in Hoffman, 1631, sig. G. i. It is still applied to an idle feUow. DRAWT. The throat. Somerset. DR.\W-TO. To come to ; to amount up. West. DRAY. (I) A squirrel's nest. Blome. (2) A great noise. (A.-N.) Also a verb, to act like a madman. For he was gaye and amorouse. And made so mekille drai/f. MS. Linadit A. i. 17, f- 134. Haldyst thou forward ? e certys, nay. Whan thou makest swyche a rfra,i/. MS. Hail. 1701, t. 31. (3) A sledge without wheels. West. " Dray or sleade whvch goeth without wheles, traha," Ihdoet's .\bc. 1552. DRAYNE. Drawn. {A.-S.) Hastely he bathe hem of dratme. And therin hymselfe dight. MS. Harl. 2252, f. 109 DRAZEL. A dirty slut. Sussear. The term occurs in Ilndibras and Kennett. Sometimes called dra:el-drozzle. DR.V5T. A draw-bridge. Gawatjne. DREAD. Thread. Exmoor. DRE.VDFUL. (1) Very much. Devoti. (2) Fearfid ; timorous. Skelton. DREAM. To be glad. {A.-S.) Also, to sing, a meaning that has been overlooked. DREAM-HOLES. Openings left in the walls of buildings to admit light. Glotic. DREAN. (1) A smaU stream. {A.-S.) (2) To drawl in speaking. Somerset. DREAP. To drench. Also, to drawl. North. DRE.^RING. Sorrow. Spenser. DREARISOME. Verv dreary. North. DREATEN. To threaten. West. DRECCHE. (1) To vex; to oppress. {A.-S.) Whereof the biynde world he drft-cheth. Cower, MS. Sue. Antig. 134, f. 42. DRE 317 DRE oft thai drechen men In thaire slepe. And makes thaim fulle bare ; And oft thai ligyn opone menne, That many calles the nyjt-mare. MS. Carttab. Ft. v. 48, f. 81. (2) To linger ; to delay. For drede of the derke nyghte thay drecchede a lyttille. MurtH Artliure, MS. Lincoln, f. (jl. Then make y other taryngys To drcccfie forthe the long day. For me ys lothe to part away. Gower, MS. Cantub. Ff. i. 6, f. -4. (3) A sorrowful thing. (^.-S.) Ye schall ste a wondur dreche. Whan my sonc wole me fecche. MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 33. DRECEN. To threaten. North. DRECK-STOOL. A door-sill. Devon. DREDAND. Afraid ; teirified. {A.-S.) DREDE. Fear ; doubt. Also, to fear. {.4.-S.) Withouten drede, without doubt. DREDEFUL. Timorous. {A.-S.) DREDELES. Without doubt. Chaucer. Do dresse we tharefore, and byde we no langere, Fore dredlesse withowttyne dowtte the daye schalle be ourez. Morte Arthure, MS. Lincdtn, f. 75. DREDEN. To malie afraid. (./.-&) DREDFULLY. Fearfully ; terrified. {A.-S.) DREDGE. (1) Oats and' barley sown together. Spelt draijije in Pr. Parv. p. 130. (2) A bush-harrow. Suulh. DREDGE-BOX. Tlie flour-dredger. Var. dial. DREDGE-MALT. Malt made of oats mixed with barley malt. Keniietl, MS. Lansd. DREDGER. A small tin box used for liolding flour. South. DREDINGFUI.. Full of dread. {A.-S.) DREDRE. Dread ; fear. {A.-S.) DREDY. Reverent. Wickliffe. DREE. (1) To sufl'er ; to endure. {A.-S.) Still used in the North. Anone to the ale thei wylle go. And drinke ther whyle thei may dre. MS. j-Mimole CI. (2) To journey to a place. North. S3) Long ; tedious ; wearisome. North. 4) A hard bargainer. Yorksh. (5) A cart without wheels drawn l>y one horse. North. Now out of use. (6) Three. Somerset. (7) Continuously; steadily. Line. DKEED. The Lord. (A.-S.) DUEEDFUL. Reverential. {A.-S.) DREELY. Slowly ; tediously. North. We have dregliely in the MS. .\Iorte Artluire. It tliere probably means co^tliuuousty, as drehj in Townelcy Mvsl. p. 90. DREEN. To drain dry. Suffolk. DKEF. Drove. Ilearne. DREFENE. Driven ; concluded. And whenne his dredefullc dreii: wha» drefine to the ende, The kynge dares for dowtc dye as he scholdc. j Mintr Arthurf, MS. Umuln, (. 87, DREFULLY. Sorrowfidly. {A.-S.) And seytl with hertc ful drr/iilltf, Loide, thou have on me min-y. MS. ilarl. 1701, f 77. DREGGY. Fidl of dregs. {A.-S.) DREGH. Suffered. Weber, iii. 103. Dreghe, as dree, Morte .\rtluu-e, Lincoln MS. DREGHE. (1) On dreghe, at a distance. Thane tlie dragone on drt-fihe dressede hyra ajayncz. Muite Arlliuie, .VS. Lhimin, t. 61. (2) Long. Also, lengtli. " Alle the dreghe of the daye," MS. Morte Arthure. The kynge w.ts lokyd in a felde By a ryvtr brode and drigbe. MS. Hart. 22S2, f. IIB. DREGISTER. A druggist. Suffolk. DREINT. Drowned {A.-S.) And sodeyneliche he was outthrowe. And diai/nt, and tho bigan to blowe A wynde mevablc fro the londe. Cvwer, MS. 8oc. Aniiq. 134, f. 68. DREMEL. A dream. {.-I.-S.) DREME-REDARE. An expounder of dreams. {A.-S.) DREMES. Jewels. {Duf.) DRENCH. A drink, or potion. Ritson.ii. 139. Still in use. See Moor, p. 113. It also oc- curs in Florio, p. CO. DRENCHE. To drown ; to be drowned. (A.-S.) Drenched, Leg. Caihol. p. 18. Hence, some- times, to destrov. DRENCHING-HORN. A horn for pouring physic down an animal's throat. DRENG. Drink. Audclay, p. 18. DRENGE. To drag. HearJie. DRENGES. A class of men who held a rank between the baron and thayn. Ilavetok. The ordinary interpretation would be soldiers. DRENGY. Thick ; niuddv. North. DRENKLED. Drowned.' Langtoft, p. 170. DRE.NT. Same as rfjem/, q. v. DREPE. (1) To drip, or (Wbble. East. To drop or fall, Cov. Myst. p. 170. (2) To kill, or slay. {A.-S.) DREPEE. A dish in old cookery, composed chiefly of almonds and onions. DRERE. Sorrow. .Sjjenser. " And dreri we- ren," were sorrowful, Leg. Cath. p. 7. Drery, Sir Isumbras, C3, 89. DRERILY. Sorrowfully. {J.-S.) He dresses hym dttirity, and to the duke rydes. Murte Arlhure, MS. Lim-oln, f. 84. DRERIMENT. Sorrow. Sjjenser. DREKINESSE. Affliction. {A.-S.) DRERYIIEAD. Grief; sorrow. Sjienser. DRESH, To thrash. Var. dial. DRESHFOLD. A tlircshold. (hauccr. DRESS. To set about ; to prepare ; to clean anything, or cleanse it from refuse ; to adorn ; to harness a horse ; to renovate an old gar- ment ; to set anything upright, or put it in its proper place; to cuiti\ate land; to go; to rise ; to treat ; to place ; to set. DRESSE. To address ; to direct ; to prepare ; ajjply. Dres-it^, prepared, armed, Degrevant, 1217. See Leg. Cathol. p. 40; Minot, p. 1 ; Maundevile, p. 306; Cov. Myst. p. 217. And Salnnn5 dcvoutely gan lUre drrsaa Townrde the chyldc, and un hire knvls rillc. Lsidiinlii, MS. Sue. /tnl::/. 134, f. IK DRI 318 ma DRESSEL. A cottage dresser. West. DRESSER. An axe used in coal-pits. DRESSING-BOARD. A dresser. Pr. Parv. DRESSING-KNIFE. A tool used in husbandry for rounding borders, &c. Xort/i. It occurs in Pr. Parv. apparently meaning a cook's knife, one for chopping anything on a dresser. Dfessynt/cnt/vus, Reliq. Antiq. i. 86. DRESTALL. A scarecrow. Deron. DRESTE. To prepare. (.4.-X.) I rede yow dreste the therfore, and drawe no lytte langere. Morte Jrthure, MS. Lincoln, f. 5[l. DRESTIS. Dregs ; lees. (J.-S.) DRESTY. Full of dregs. {J..S.) DRETCHE. Same as drecche, q. v. It also means to dream or to lie disturbed by dreams. And preyed hyr feyre, and gan to saine. That sohe no longere wolde dretche. Giiwer, its. Bib. Publ. Cnntab. DRETCHING. Delay. {{.■I.-S.) Dretchynge, trouble, vexation, Morte dWrthur, ii. 452. DREUL. A lazy fellow. Also, to fritter away one's time. Devon. DREULER. A driveller ; a fool. Devon. DREURY. Love ; friendship. {.-t.-N.) There is nevere wynter in thatcuntre; There is al mauer dretiry and rychesse. MS. .^ddU. 11305, f. lliG. DREVE. To pursue ; to keep up. IFest. So long they had ther way dreve, Tyll they come upon the downe. MS. Cantab. Ff.ii.38, f. 115. DREVEDE. Confounded. Gawayne. DREVELEN. To drivel. {A.-S.) DREVIL. A drudge; a low fellow; a senant. DRE\'Y. Dirtv ; muddy. Norlh. DREW. Threw. Weber. DREWE. Love ; friendship. {A.-N.) DREWRIES. Jewels ; ornaments. Ritson. DREWSENS. Dregs ; refuse. Devon. DRE\V3E. Drew ; reached. Hys herd was both blake and rowje. And to hys gyrdell sted it dretv^e. MS. A^hmole 61. DREYDE. Dried. Somerset. And as he myjte his ctothis drei/de. That he no m-^re oworde he seyde. Goiter, MS. Snc. Antiq. 134, f. 89. DREYFFE. To drive ; to follow. See the Frere and the Boy, st. 33. DRE3E. Same as Dree, q. v. The foules flotered tho on he^e, And fel whenne thai myjt not di-e^e. Cursdr Miindi, .VS. Cull. Trin. Cantab, f. 12. DRE3LY. Vigorously ? Gawayne. DRIB. (1) To shoot at short paces. See Lilly's Sixe Court Comethes, ed. 1032, sig. R. ii. It is a technical term in archery. See Collier's Shakespeare, ii. 17. (2) A driblet, or small quantity. Sussex. (3) To chop ; to cut otf. Dekker. DRIBBLE. (1) A drudge ; a servant. North. (2) An iron pin. A carpenter's term. (3) To drizzle, or rain slowly. West. DRIBLET, .\nj-thing very small ; a child's toy. Var. dial. DRIDGE. To sprinkle. Lane. DRIDLE. An instrument used for hollowins; bowls or wooden cups. DRIE. To suffer ; to endure. (A.-S.) Ne the peyne that the prest shal diye. That haunteth that synne of leccherye. MS. HaH. 1701, f. 54. He smote as faste as he myght drye. The elvysch knyjt on the helme so hye. MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 222. DRIED-DO^VN. Thoroughly dried. See Har- rison's Descr. of England, p. 169. DRIEN. To be dry, thirsty. {J.-S.) DRIFE. To drive"; to approach. {A.-S.) Into my cart-hows the! me dryfet Out at the dur thei put my wyfe. MS. Cantab. Ff. V. 48, f. 48. Thus to dethe ye can hym di-yfe. MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 47. DRIFLE. To drink deeplv. North. DRIFT. (1) A drove of sheep. North. Some- times, a flock of birds, &c. (2) A kind of coarse sleeve, generally made of silk. Notrell. (3) A diarrhoea. Somerset. (4) A green lane. Leic. (5) Road-sand. Gloiic. (6) Drift of the forest is an exact view or exa- min.ition what cattle are in the forest, to know wlietlier it be overcharged, &c. Blount. DRIFTER. A sheep that is overlaid in a drift of snow. North. DRIFTES. Dress. Ord. and Reg. p. 471. DRIGGLE-DR.\GGLE. A great shit ; sluttish. See Florio, pp. 72, 100, 612. DRIGH. Long ; tedious. Also, to suffer. See dree, and Gv of Wan\ike, p. 444. DRIGIIT. The Lord. (^.-5.) DRIGHTUPS. A bov's breeches. North. DRIHE. To endure. ' (.^.-5.) For as me thenketh, I myght drihe Without slepe to waken ever. So that I scholde noght dissever Fro hir in whom isai my lyght. Gijwer, MS. Cantab. Ff. i. 6, f.66. DRIKE. To abie or repent. {A.-S.) DRILING. Wasting time ; drawling. West. DRILL. (1) To decoy, or flatter. Devon. (2) To drill along, to slide away. Kent. (3) .\ large ape, or baboon. Blount. (4) To twirl, or whirl. Devon. (5) A small draught of liquor. Pr. Pare. DRIMBLE. To'^loiter. Dorset. DRIMMEL. To sutfer pain. Somerset. DRINDLE. (1) To dawdle. Suffolk. (2) A small drain or channel. East. DRINGE. To drizzle with rain. East. DRIN'GETT. A press, or crowd. Devon. DRINGING. Sparing ; miserly. Devon. DRINGLE. To waste time ; to dawdle. West. DRINK. (1) Small beer. West. (2) .\ draught of liquor. Var. dial. To get a drink, i. e. to drink. (3) To absorb, or drink up. East. (4) To abie, or suffer. Cotgrave. (5) To smoke tobacco. Jonson. DRINKELES. Without drink. {.4.-S.) "Bcthe dr\Tikles they dye," M.S. Worte Artlime. DRO 319 DRO I)RINKHAIL. Literally, drink heallh. (A.-S.) It was the pledge word corresponding to lom- saile. See Gloss, to R. GIouc. p. 096. lieia- frynde, already uoticeil, belongs to the same class of words. It was the custom of our an- cestors to pledge each other mth a variety of words of the like kind, and instances may be seen in Hartshorne's Met. Talcs, pp. 48, 3U8. DRINKING. A collation lielwccn dinner and supper. See the French Alphiiliet, 1015, p. 132 ; Welde's Janua Linguaruni, 1015, p. 39. The term is now applied to a refreshment be- twixt meals taken by farm-labourers. DRIN KING-TOWEL. A doily for dessert. DRINKLYN. To drench, or drown. Pr. Pan: DRINK-MEAT. Boiled ale thickened with oat- meal and bread- Satojj. DRINK-PENNY. Earnest money. See Dr. Dee's Diary, p. 45. Drinking-money, Florio, p. 64 ; Cotgrave, in v. Draijuinage. DRINKSIIANKERE. A cup-bearer. (.A.-S.) DRINKY. Drunk. I'ar. dial. DRIP. Anything that falls in drops ; petrefac- tions ; snow. North. DRIPPER. A small shallow tub. n'est. DRIPPING-HORSE. A wooden standingframe to hang wet clothes on. / ar. dial. DRIPPINGS. The last milk atlordcd by a cow. Salop. DRIPPING-WET. Quite soaked, far. dial. DRIPPLE. Weak ; rare, fforc. DRIPPTE. Dropped. (A.-S.) DRISIl. A thrush. Devon. DRISS. To cleanse ; to beat. Norl/i. DRISTER. A daughter. Craven. DRITE. (I) Dirt ; dung. (A.-S.) A term of great contempt, as in Ilavelok, 682. (2) To speak thickly and indistinctly. North. No doubt connected with drotyne, ij. v. DRIVE. (1) To drizzle ; to snow. North. (2) To procrastinate. Yorksh. To drive off, a very common phrase. (3) Impetus. Also, to proi)el. West. In early poetrj', to advance very quickly. f 4) To follow ; to sutler. {A.-S.) (5) To drive forth, to pass on. To drive abroad, to spread anything. To drive adrift, to ac- corii]ilish any purpose. Tu drive j/ii/s, to snore. DKlVK-KNOk. A bandy-ball. Nort/i. DRIVEL. Same as drevit, q. v. DIUVELARD. A low fellow ; a liar. DKIWERIE. Friendship. (.^...V.) DRIZZLE. (1) A Scotch mist. Var. dial. To rain gently, to fall quietly. (2 I A very snjall salt ling. North, DUO. Totlirow. Somer/,et. DROAT. A throat. Somerset. DROATUPS. A leather strap under the lower part of a horse-collar. South. DRDHLV. Dirty; muddy. Pr. Parv. DROHYL. To trouble ; to vex. So ftal payncs and sorowi- ,lt»t>pl thairc t)iOj;)it. H'ImiK,!,; .VS. Uiiwm, |). 214. DROCK. A water course. Hilts. To drain with underground stone gutters. CUiuc. DRODDUM. Tlie breech. North. DRODE. Thrown. Somerset. DROFF. (1) Threw. IVeber. (2) Dregs ; refuse. North. (3) Drove ; rushed ; passed. (A.-S.) DROFMAN. A herdsman. {Lat.) DROGHE. Drew ; retired ; brought. Then was that m.iyde wo y-nogh. To hur chaumbur she hur droghe. MS. Cnnlab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 1(16. DROGHTE. A drought. (A.-S.) DROGMAN. An interiircter. (A.-N.) DROIE. A drudge, or servant. North. Stubhe has this word in his Anatomic of Abuses. 1595. See Malone's Shakespeare, xviii. 42; Tusser's llusbaudrv, p. 256. DROIGHT. A team' of horses. North. DROIL. A drudge. North. " A knave ; a slave ; a droyle or ) To daunt ; to inghten. South. DUFFEL. A strong and very shaggy cloth, m,v nufactured chiefly in Yi)rksliire. DUFFICR. A pedlar; a])plied exclusively to one who sells women's clothes. South. DUFFIT. A sod. North. DUFFY-DOWS. Dove-cot pigeons. East. DUG. (1) The female breast. Var. dial. It was formerly the cnininon term. See Markham's Counlrey Farnu', lol. Lonil. ICIG, p. 108. (2) To stoop ; to bow. Devon. (3) To dress ; to prepare. A orih. (4) To gird, or tuck up. Exmoor. DUGGED. Draggletailed. Devon. DUGGLE. To cuddle. Suffolk. DUGH. To be able. North. DUKE. A captain, or leader. {Lat.) See the extracts given under Due. DUKE-HU.MPHREY. To dine with Duke Hum- phrey, i. e. to have no dinner at all. This phrase, which is nearly obsolete, is said to have arisen from part of the public walks in Old St. Paul's called Duke Humphrey's Walk, where those who were without the means of defraying their expenses at a tavern were accustomed to walk in hope of procuring an in- vitation. DUKKY. The female breast. See a letter of Hen. VIII. given in Brit. Bibl. ii. 85. DULBAR. A blockhead. North. The term rfw/- berhead is also used in the same sense. DULCARNON. This word has set all editors of Chaucer at defiance. A clue to its meaning may be found in Stanihurst's Dcscr. of Ireland, p. 28, — " these sealie soules were (as all dul- camanes for the more part are) more to be terrified from iiifidelitie through the paines of hell, than allured to Christianitie by the joies of heaven." DULCE. Sweet ; tender. " A strumpets lippa are dulce as hony," Scole House of Women, p. 84. /)w/ec/(>,'State Papers, i. 732. Hence dulcet, as in Shakespeare, and Optick Glasse of Humors, 1C39, p. 118. DULCIMELL. A dulcimer. Florio. DULE. (1) An engine with iron teeth for sepa- rating or cleaning wool. North. (2) The devil. "Talk of the dule an he'll put out his horns," said of any one who appears unexpectedly. North. (3) A flock of doves. Also, the sorrowful moan made by those birds. (4) Thick ; double. {J.-N.) Dukes and dusszrperit in theire dute cotes. Miiric .lilhurt.MS. Lincoln, f.98. DULE-CROOK. (1) An ill-disposed person. North. (2) A fly. .\lso called the Great or March Brown. Craven. DULKIN. Aden. Glouc. DULL. (1) Hard of hearing. Var. dial. (2) To stun with a blow or noise. North. (3) Dole ; soiTow. Tundale, p. 42. (4) The dead of night ; midnight. DULLAR. A stunning or uninterrupted noise; confusion. Esse.r. DULLARD. A blockhead, or fool. See Dent's Pathwav, p. 323 ; Brit. Bibl. iv. 1 "5. DULLE. To make, or grow dull. (.-/.-S.) Dultid, Gesta Roniauorum, ]). 58. DULLER. To sorrow with pain. Suffolk DULLING. A foolish person. West. DULLIVE. A remnant. Line. DULLOR. A dull and moaning noise, or the tune of some doleful dittv. East. DUN 324 DUN DULLYTRIPE. A slattern, irarii: UULSOME. Heavy ;duU. far. dial. DULWILLY. A species of plover. East. DUM. When a goose or a duck has nearly laid its quantity of eggs, and is ahout to hegin to sit upon them, she plucks otT part of her own feathers to line her nest. This is called dum- ming it. Suffolk. The down or fur of an animal is also so called. DUMB. To make dumb. ShaJc. DUMB-CAKE. A cake made in silence on St. Mark's Eve, with numerous ceremonies, hy maids, to discover their future husbands, fully described in Hone's Every Day Book, i. 523. It is made of an egg-shellful of salt, another of wheat-meal, and a third of barley-meal. DUMB-FOUND. To perplex, or confound. Var, dial. DUMBLE. (1) Stupid; very dull. Wilts. (2) A wooded dingle. Var. dial. (3) To muffle, or wrap up. Suffolk. DUMBLEDORE. (1) A humble-bee. Devon. (2) A beetle, or cockchafer. South. (3) A stupid fellow. Somerset. DUMBLE-HOLE. A piece of stagnant water in a wood or dell. Salop. DUMBMULL. A stupid fellow. Glouc. DUMB-SHOW. A part of a dramatic repre- sentation shown pantomimicaUy, chiefly for the sake of exhibiting more of the story than could be otherwise included ; but sometimes merely emblematical. Nares. DUMB-WIFE. A dumb person, who is thought in Cumberland to have the gift of prescience, and hence a fortune-teller is so caUed. DUM-CRAMBO. A child's game, mentioned in Moor's Suffolk Words, p. 238. DUMMEREL. A silent person. Hareey. DUMMERHEAD. A blockhead. Soutli. DUMMIL. A slow jade. Salop. DUMMUCK. A blow, or stroke. East. DUMMY. A silent person. In three handed whist, the person who holds two hands plays dummy. DUMP. (1) A meditation. Also, to meditate. (2) A chimsy medal of lead cast in moist sand. East. (3) To knock heavily ; to stump. Devon. (4) Astonishment. Minsheu, (5) A melancholy strain in music. To be in the dumps, i. e. out of spirits. There was also a kind of dance so called. It is aUuded to in Gosson's Schooleof Abuse, 1579. Toput one to the dumps, to drive him to his wit's ends. (6) A deep hole of water, feigned to be bottom- less. Grose. DUMPISH. Stupid ; torpid. Devon. DUMPLING. A fat dwarf. Var. dial. DUMPS. Twilight. Somerset. DUMPTY. A very short person. West. DUMPY. (1) Short and thick. Var. dial. (2) SiUlen ; discontented. North. iJUN. yis dull as Dun in the mire. Dun was formerly the name of a horse or jade, not a jackass, as conjectured by Tyrwhitt. To draw Dun out of the mire, an old rural pastime de- scribed by Gifford, Ben Jonson, vii. 2^3. Dun in the mire, i. e. embarrassed or reduced to a strait. Dun is the mouse, a proverbial saying of rather vague signification, alluding to the colour of the mouse ; but frequently employed with no other intent than that of quibbling on the word done. See Nares, in v. It seems sometimes to be equivalent to the phrase still as a mouse. To dun, to be importunate for the payment of an account, a word that came into use in the seventeenth century, and is said to have its origin from Dun, a famous hangman. This personage is alluded to in Cotton's Works, ed. 1734, p. 117, but I think the explanation doubtful. To ride the dun horse, to dun a debtor, is given in the Craven Glossary, i. 123. DUN BIRD. Some kind of bird mentioned in Harrison's Descr. of England, p. 222. DUNCE. A nickname for Duns Scotus, made good use of by Butler. See also Wright's ^Ionastic Letters, p. 71. DUNCH. (1) To give a nudge. Cumb. " Dun. ehyne or bunchyne, lundo," Pr. Parv. (2) Deaf ; dull, i'ar.dial. " Deafe or hard of hearing," Batman uppou Bartholome, 1582. Dunch passar/e, a blind dark passage. What with the zmoke .lliil what with thecriez, 1 waz amozt blind and duttch in mine eyez. MS. .tsl^moh 36, f 112. DUNCH-DUMPLING. Hard or plain pudtUng made of flour and water. JJ'esf. DUNCUS. A kind of weed. Line. Possibly connected with A.-S. Tun-caers, garden cress. DUNDER. Thunder, or tempest. West. DUNDERHEAD. A blockhead. Var. dial. In Devon is also heard the term dunderpoll. DUNDERSTONES. Thimderliolts. The extreme presisure towards the center must have the like effect : hence proceed the subterranean fires, volcanos and chyniistry of nature, e.g. Dun- derstoties, which appeare plainly to have been melted as artificially as regulus of antimony. .lubren't Hills, .VS. hu!/ril Seep. 112. DUNDUCKITYMUR. An indescribable colour, but rather dull. Suffolk. DUNDY. Dull in colour. East. DUNED. Bent ; bowed. Hearne. DUNELM-OF-CRAB. A dish of a gouty com- plexion. See Brockett, in v. DUNG. (1) Struck down. Salop. (2) Beaten ; overcome. North. (3) Reflected upon. Craven. (4) Bread, corn, and the other productions of the earth are sometimes so called by our early writers. DUNGAL. Extremely noisy. North. DUNGEON. (1) The principal tower or keep of a castle. Prisoners were kept in the lower story, and hence the modern term applied to a close place of confinement. (2) A shrewd fellow. Also, a scold. North. The adjective is dungeonable. DUNGEVIL. A dung-fork. Salop. i DUNGFARMER. Ajakes-cleauser. North. DUN 325 DUR DUNG-GATE. A passage for filthy water, or dang, from a town. East. DUNGHILL-QUEAN. A draggletailcd wench ; one who is verj- sluttish. Fiorio, p. 100. DUNG-MERES. Pits where dung and weeds are laid to rot for manure. DUNGOW-DASH. Dung; filth. Cbesh. DUNG-PIKE. A dung-fork. Lane. DUNG-POT. A cart for canying dung. I. Wight. " Donge pottes," Union Invent, p. 9. DUNGY. Cowardlv. Wilts. Also, tired. DUNHEDE. Qu. dimhede .' Also thou secst the ublfJ is thjTine, And grete dun/iede ys none thcrynne. M.S. Hurl. 1701, f. 07. DUNK-HORN. The short blunt horn of a beast. Dunk-homed, sneaking, shabby, an allusion to cuckoldom. East. DUNKIRKS. Privateers of Dunkirk, frequently alluded to by the old dramatists. DUNKITE. A kind of kite. See Harrison's Description of England, p. 227. DUNLING. A kind of snipe. Line. DUNMOW. A custom formerly prevailed at Little Dunmow in Essex of giving a Hitch of bacon to any married man or woman who would swear that neither of them, in a year and a day from their marriage, ever repented of their union. This custom was discontinued about 17t)3. The metrical oath sworn on the occasion is given by Hearne and others. The claiming of the flitch at this village is of high antiquity, being alluded to in Chaucer, Cant. T.5800'; Piers Ploughman, p. 109; MS. Laud. 416, written temp. Hen. VI. See also Howell's English Proverbs, p. 21 ; MS. Sloane 1910, f. 23 ; Brand's Pop. Antiq. ii. 112 ; Edward's Old English Customs, p. 1 ; Lelandi Itin. iii. 5-9 ; MS. Ashmole 860, p. 117; MS. Savil. 47, f. 63 ; Selections from Gent. Mag. i. 140-2. DUNNA. Do not. Var. dial. DUNNER. Thunder. Coeaygne, 39. DUNNOCK. The hcdge-spa'rrow. North. See Cotgrave, in v. Mari ; Harrison, p. 223. DUNNY. Deaf ; stui>id ; nervous, ll'ixl. DUNPICKLE. A moor buzzard. North. DUNSEPOLL. A stupid feUow. Devon. DUNSERY. Stupidity. " Crafty dunsery," Return from Parnassus, 1606. DUNSET. A small hill. Skinner. DUNSH. Paste made of oatmeal and treacle, with or without caraway seeds and other spices. Yorksh. DUNSTABLE. Plain language was freipienlly called /(/am Dunxtaljle, and anything |>iain or homely was said to be in Dunstable tray, in allusion to the ]iroverb, " as plain as Dun- stable high-way," Howell, p. 2; MS. Sloane 1946, i. 4. See Ford's Works, ii. 460 ; Tarl- ton, p. 109 ; Fiorio, i>p. 17, 85. DUNSTICAL. Stniiid. Nash's Pierce Pcni- lesse, 1592. Dunsicall, Thorns' Aucc. and Traditions, p. 9. DUNT. A blow, or stroke. " With ys dunt," K. Glouc. p. 17; Ellis, ii. 326; Kyng All- saundcr, 1505. Also, to confuse by noise, to stupify. East. Hence, stupid, dizzy. DUNTED. Beaten. Norlhumb. DUNTER. A porpoise. North. DUNTON'S-ROUND. An old dance, alluded to in Howell's Arbor of Aniitie, 1568. DUNT-SHEEP. A sheep that mopes about from a disorder in the head. East. DUNTY'. Stupid; confused. Kent. It also sometimes means stunted ; dwarfish. DUNVALIE. Tawny. {A.-S.) " Y"-cast the duntalie gome to grounde,'' MS. Rawl. Leg. DUP. " To i/up, doiip, or doe open, to open the door." Wilts. MS. Lansd. 1033. This is the meaning in Shakespeare. It now gene- rally signifies to do uji, to fasten. DUPPE. Deep. Const. Freem. p. 29. DUR. (1) Durst. Langtoft. (2) A door. ( J.-S.) Out at the dvr thei put my wyfe For she is oldegray here. J/S. Cantab. Ff. v. *lt. f. 48. DURANCE. Duration. There was a kind of durable stuft', made with thread or silk, so called, and it is frequently alluded to, often with a play upon the word, as in Cornwallyes Essayes, 1632, no. 13. See also the Book of Rates, p. 35. DURC. Dark. St. Brandan, pp. 2, 32. DURCHEDE. Darkness. (A.-S.) DURDUM. Same as dirdam, q. v. DURE. (1) Hard, or severe; difficult. (Lai.) " To telle hir hotonus were dure," MS. Line. (2) To endure. {A..N.) Still in use. My joye whylys that my lyf maye dure. To love you beste withouten rcjientaunce. MS. Canlab. Ff. i. 6, f. 131. And at London it begane after 10, 34) m. and dttrr^i till almost on. MS. Aslwwie 3114, f. 151. DUREFUL. Lasting. Spenser. DURESSE. Hardship; severity; harm; con- tinuance ; imprisonment. {A.-N.) And m.iny a man and many a worthi knyjt Weren slayn there, and many a lady brijt Was wedowe made by durease of this wer, MS. Dlgiv 23.) EGAI.ITEE. Equality. {A.-N.) EGALLY. Equally. {Fr.) EGALNESS. Equality. Nares. EGAR. To put aside.' (/■>.) 21* EGR 330 ELA EGERS. Spring tulips. Bailey. EGESTIOUS. Belonging to digestion. E-GEVYN. Given. (A.-S.) The si\te comauudment 1 will reherce also. By God e-gevyrif and that in strayte wyse. SIS. Laud. 416, f. 52. EGG. To urge on ; to incite. Still in use in the North of England. The drede of God es that we tiime noghte agayue tille oure synne thurghe any ille egztni^. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 196. EGG-BERRY. The birdcherrv. North. EGGE. (1) Age. I meght not fast, nor I wold not pray; I thoyt to a mendyd in my ei^ge, MS. Linmln A. i. 17, f. 51. (2) Edged ; sharp. Also a substantive, the edge of any instrument. Wroght hyt was welle and feyre, Noegge tolemyght hyt apeyre. MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 101. EGGEMENT. Incitement. (A.-S.) EGG-FEAST. The Saturday preceding Shrove Tuesday, so called at Oxford. Also linown as Egg-Saturday. Egg-Sunday is mentioned in Baker's Theatrum Triumplians, 1670, p. 37. EGGING. Urging ; incitement. {A.-S.) EGGLER. One who goes about the country collecting eggs for sale. North. EGG-PIE. A dish correctly described by its title. It is still made in some parts of the country, and is mentioned in Taylor's Workes, i. 146. EGGS. To have eggs on the spit, i. e. to be ac- tively emploved. EGGS-AND-C'OLLOPS. (1) Toad.fla.x. North. (2) Fried eggs and bacon. Var. dial. EGGS-FOR-.MONEY. A proverbial expression, used when a person was awed by threats, or had been overreached into giving money for comparativelv worthless things. EGG-WIFE-TKOT. An easy jog trot. The origin of the phrase is obvious. EGHE. An eye. (.i.-S.) Thow salle hym se with eghe. And come to Criste thi frende. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 222- EGHGE. Edge. (A.-S.) EGIINE. Eyes. {A.-S.) For alle the manace of hys myghte, And mawgree his fghne. Morte Ai-thure, MS. Line. f. G7. EGHTE. Possessions ; propertv. (A.-S.) EGHWAR. Ever. Weber. EGIR. A kind of precious stone. Alle of rewelle bane. Off egir and of urbane. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 135. EGLANTINE. Sweet briar. The name was occasionallv given to the wild rose. EGLEHORNE. A species of hawk. EGLENTERE. Eglantine. Chaucer. EGLING. A perch, two years old. EGRE. Courageous, ll'ill. Werw. EGREDOUCE. A kind of dish or sauce, fre- quently mentioned in old cookery books. Also as dotvce-egyr, q. v. EGRELICHE. Sourly ; bitterlv. {A.-N.) EGREMOINE. Agrimony. (A.-N.) EGREMONY. Sorrow. '{Lat.) EGREMOUNDE. Agrimony. {A.-N.) EGRET. A kind of heron. See Ord. and Reg. p. 220 ; Harrison, p. 223. EGRITUDE. Sickness. {Lat.) EGYLL. An eagle. Ritson. EGYNG. Urging; incitement. {A.-S.) Thorow the fendes egpng, Hys doujter thou3t another thyng. MS. Mhmrile 6i , f. 6C. EGYPTIAN-FROG. A toad. /. //-ight. EGYTMENT. An agistment. South. EHGNE. Eyes. {A.-S.) EHYT. Eat. Wickliffe. ElE. Fear. {A-S.) For many thyngys hyt ys grete eye. The whyche falleth me nat for to seye. MS. Harl. 1701, f. 12. EIGH. (1) Aye ; yes. North. Also an inter- rogative, what do Tou say ? (2) The eye. {A.-S.) (3) Fear. Beves of Hamtoun, p. 72. EIGHEN. The holes or indices of the ancient quadrant were so called. EIGIIE-SENE. The eyesight. {A.-S.) EIGH-WYE. Yes, yes! North. EIKE-TREE. An oak. Yorksh. EILD. To be sickly ; to grow old ; to yield ; old age. North. EILE. E-vil. Nominale MS. EILEBER. The herb alliaria. EILET-HOLES. Very small holes, a term in sempstresy. North. EILLE. To be sick, or ill. {A.-S.) EIM. Even ; exact ; equal. North. EINATTER. A serpent. Ciimb. EINE. Eyes. Tarlton, p. 89. EIR. The air. See St. Brandan, p. 32. At undren tide ther coom a soun. Fro the eir brestyng doun. Cursor Mrindi, MS. Coll. Trin. Cantab, f. 113. EIRE. An heir. {A.-N.) EIRIE. Same as .'liri/, q. v. EIRY. Light ; unearthly. North. EISEL. Vinegar. {A.'-S.) EISTE. The highest. {A.-S.) EIT. To eat. Yorish. EITII. Either. Heame. EIYT. A newt. Brit. Bibl. iv. 29. EI5TE. Eisht. Also, propertv. {A.-S.) E13YEN. Eyes. {A.-S.) EKE. (1) To ease ; to kill ; to rid. Hearne. (2) Also. Common in old liallads. (3) An adflition to a bee-hive. North EKER. Water-cresses. {A.-S.) EKKENE. To prolong. {.4..S.) EKYN. (1) Also. Hearne. (2) To itch. Prompt. Pare. EL. Else. Hearne. ELA. The highest note in the scale of music. See Middleton, iii. 624. EL.VGERE. Strength ; power. {A..S.) ELAT. Elated. (Ut.) ELAXATE. To unloose. {Lat.) ELF 331 ELBORTN. A kind of wine. Jl'eier. ELBOW. A promontory. Ilowell. ELBOW-GREASE. Perspvcring exercise of the arms, exciting perspiration. ELBOWS. To be out at tlie elbows, i. e. to be in great difficulties. ELBOWSHAKER. A gamester ; a sharper. ELCONE. Each one. Cumb. ELCY. AUce. North. ELD. Old age; old people. {A.-S.) Some- times, for age in eeneral. ELDE. (I) To make", or grow old. {.4.-S.) (2) to delay ; to linger. Ps. Cott. ELDED. Ailed. Also, held. Salop. ELDEN. Rubbish ; fuel. North. ELDER. (1) A cow's udder. I'ar. dial. (2) Rather ; somewhat bigger. North. (3) An ancestor. {A.-S.) A justice of peace was formerly so called. ELDER-II.\ND. In cards, he who held the hand was said to be elder-hand. ELDERLY-M.\N. A chief, or principal. Cnmb. ELDERMAN. A nobleman. {A.-S.) ELDERN. An elder tree. East. Also an ad- jectiye, made of the elder. ELDERNE. Elders ; ancestors. (A.-S.) ELDER-ROB. A conserve made of the juice of the elderberrj'. Line. ELDERYNCES. Parents ; ancestors. {A.-S.) ELD-FATHER. A graiulfather. North. ELU-MOTllER. A step-mother. North. ELDRITCH. Ghastly. Northumb. ELE. (1) An aisle, iiloxam. (2) Aid ; help. Skinner. ELECIL Alike ; equally. (^.-5.) ELECTION. Option. In election, likely. ELEMEN. Made of elm. Dorset. ELEMENT. The sky, or heavens. North. ELENGE. Painful. {A.-S.) Also, sorrowful. £linff, St. Brandan, p. ,10. Elengliche, Piers Ploughman, p. 231. It also means soWari/, a sense still retained in some counties. Kl- lengeness, Brit. Bibl. ii. 84. Kennett lias, " Ellinge, solitary, lonely, melancholy." An e/,v»i'<.' lif there thei ledde, In wildeines were tliei feiiile. Cursor Mumli, 3IS. Coll. Triti. Canltth. f. 20. ELENGERE. More sorrowful. {A.-S.) His laboure to him is the clengern. MS. Soc. Antiti. 134, f. 256. ELEPIL\NT. A species of scabious. ELET. Fueljollit. Hilts. ELEVENER. A luncheon. Sim. ELEWxN. Eleven. Ermoor. ELF. (1) To entangle hair in knots, (in amuse- ment indulged in by Queen Mab. (2) A mischievous person. North. ELl'-AUKOWS. Ancient arrow-heads, so called liy rustics in the North. ELl'AYDES. Some kind of animals, mentioned in the MS. Morte jVrthure, f. 77. ELFE. A witch, or fairy. {A.-S.) ELF-LOCKS. Entangled hair. " Curl'd and full of elves-locks," Wits Miscrie, 151)0. ELF-til'l'^NE. The queen of elves, or fairies. ELF-SHOTS. Same as Elf-arrows, q. v. ELT ELGER. An eel-spear. Pr. Pan. ELICHE. Alike. Depos. Ric. II. p. 6. ELICOMPAME. A tomtit. Comw. ELIE. Elijah. Chaucer. ELIK. Alike. North. Tak asafftitla and aromatica, of ather Hik me- kille, and wax and oyl, as resone gyffVs. SIS. Line. Sled. S.'Xn. ELINGLICII. Wretchedly. {A.-S.) ELIS. Eels. Chaucer. ELISEE. Elisha. Chaucer. ELIT. Elect. Ilearne. ELK. (1) A wild swan. North. (2) A kind of yew used for bows. ELL. An ell-wand. Dyce. ELLARNE. The elder tree. {A.-S.) Still in use. See Heref. Gl. and Pr. Parv. p. 239. ELL-DOCKENS. Colt's-foot. North. ELLE. An eel. Chaucer. ELLEED. Together. Line. ELLEK. .Alexander. North. ELLEN. EUs. Ilearne. ELLENCIL Afar off. Kent ELLENE. Eleven. Ilearne ELLEN-TREE. The elder tree. Yorksh. ELLER. The alder tree. North. ELLERD. Swoln with felon. North. ELLES. Else; oiherwise. {A.-S.) 3et I have a morsel for thy toth, And eltis 1 were to blame. MS. Cunlab. Ff. v. 48, f. «>. ELLET. The elder tree. Su^se.r. ELLOCK-R.\KE. A small rake used for break- ing up ant-hills. Salop. ELL-RAKE. A large rake. Salop. ELLUM. Elm. Var. dial. ELLUMINE. To embelhsh. Skelton. ELLY'. A bound or goal in playing at foot-hall. North. ELLYTHE. Ailcth. Torrent, p. 41. ELM. An ell in length. North. ELMEN. Made of elm. West. ELMESSE. Alms. Prompt. Parv. ELMES3EVER. An almsgiver. Pr. Part: ELMOTHER. A step-mother. North. ELNE. An ell. Sec Kvng Alisaunder, 27oO : Holinsbed, Soolhind. p. 9. Line. " False elnen," Rob. (ilouc. p. 429. ELNORNE. The eldi'r tree. Pr. Parv. ELN5ERI)E. An ell-yard. Gaxrayne. ELOINE. To remove, or banish. {A.N.) ELONG. Slanting. £.rmoor. ELPHAMY. Bryony. North. ELREN. The elder tree. North. ELRICHE. Dreadful ; terrible. Ihirh. ELSE. Already ; before. Also, others. A'o)7/i, It is the nickname of Alice. ELSEDOCK. The herb Enula campana. ELSEN. A shoemaker's awl. North. ELSE-WIIEN. At another time. ELSII. Uncouth, i^eron. ELSPITII. Elizabeth. North. ELSWHITIIER. Elsewhere. North. ELT. (1) To knead dough. North. (2) A vouMg sow pig. H'esl. ELTIl'. Old age. Chaucer. EME 332 EMP ELTROT. Stalk of wild parsley. West. ELVEN. An elm. Inc. dial. ELVENE. Elves. {yJ.-S.) ELVERS. Young eels, jrest. ELVES. Yoinig cattle. Ttisser. ELVISH. Irritable; spiteful; peevish; mis- chievous ; fantastic ; intractable. {J.-S.) It is still in use. ELYSWHORE. Elsewhere. And what thou shalt have therefore, Yn thys world and ett/ewlfre, MS. Harl. 1701, f. 14. EM. Them. Var. dial. EMANG. Among. North. " Emangez thame righte," Perceval, 604. EMASTYCE. The mastic. Tundale, p. 67. EMBAILD. Bound up. (fr.) EMBARMENT. An embargo. A tract was printed in 1584, entitled, " A true report of the general embarrement of all Enghsh shippes." Shakespeare has enibarquement. EMBASE. To make base. Spenser. E.MBASSADE. An embassy. {Lat.) E.MBAY. To bathe. Hence, to delight, to charm the senses irresistibly. EMBAYLE. To inclose. Spenser. EMBELISE. To beautify. {A.-X.) EMBERINGS. The fasts of tie emberweeks. EMBESY. To embusy. Skellon. EMBLEMENTS. Profits of land, as grass, fruit, &c. Blount. EMBOLDE. To make bold. {A..y.) EMBOLIFE. Oblique. Chaucer. EMBOLNEDE. Swelled. I.ydgate. EMBOSSED. When a deer foamed ai the mouth from fatigue, he was said to be em- bossed. A hunting term. EMBOUCHMEN'T. An embossment. Coles. EMBOWELLED. Said of a hawk, when her gorge was void, and her bowels stitf. EMBOWING. Arching. Lydgate. EMBOYSSEMENT. An ambush. {A.-N.) EMBRAID. To upbraid. See Hall, Henrv- VI. f. 46 ; Tusser's Husbandry, p. 313. EMBRASURES. Embraces. Sliak. EMBREWED. Soiled ; dirtied. Lydgate. EMBROCADO. A pass in fencing. EMBROUDED. Eiubroidered. {A.-N.) EMDELEZ. With equal sides. Gawayne. EME. (1) Near. Salop. (2) An uncle. See Earn. Douce says the term is also applied to an aunt. Wele we wote, withouten wene, The kynge Arthur oure erne sholde be. MS. Harl. 2252, f. 107. (3) Consideration ; heed. North. EMELE. A female roe. See a notice of their bnkeynge in MS. Bodl. 546. EMELLE. Among; amidst. Wit Nembrot com thai for to duelle. And tok a conseil tham emclle. MS. Coll. I'espas. A. iii. f. U. EMENDALS. A term in old accounts, signify- ing the sum total in stock. FMENISCHE. To diminish. For now Alexander dyes, and Macedoyne Salle waxe ay iesse and lesse, and etyie/iische day bi day. MS. Lincoln A. 1. 17, f. 4il. EMER. (1) Nearer. Salop. (2) A dehverer ; one who succours any one from a great difficidty. Line. EMERAUDES. The hemorrhoids. {A.-\.) EMERLON. A merUn, or hawk. Chaucer. EMERUS. Humours ; diseases. (A.-N.) EMERYEN. Embers : hot ashes. (A.-S.) EMFORTH. Even with. (A.-S.) EMIDDIS. Amidst. Chaucer. EMMERS. Embers. Somerset. EMMET-BATCH. An ant-hill. Somerset. Also called an eynmet-but. EMMOISED. Comforted. Skinner. EMMOVE. To move. Spenser. EMMUT. Force ; impetus. Devon. EMNENUSTE. Diminished ; impaired. {A.-N.) And rijte so it es of the gudnesse of a mane, for many mene may take gude ensample of hyra, and his gudnesse be nathynge emnenusle therby. MS. Liucobi A. i. 17, f. 32. EMOLLID. Soft; tender. (Lat.) EMONGEST. Amongst. Hall. EMOTE. An ant, or emmet. Baret. EMP.\IR. Impairment. Chapman. EMPECHE. To hinder. Also, to attack. EMPEIRE. To impair ; to hurt. (A.-N.) EMPERALES. Imperials, a coin. Weber. EMPERICE. An empress. (A.-N.) EMPERISH. To injure, or impair. (A.-N.) EMPERY. Empire ; dominion. (A.-N.) See Woman in the Moone, 1597 ; Hall, Henry Y. f. 27 : Death of R. of Hunt. p. 38. EMPESHE. To hinder. (A.-N.) And hure nature slial not be enif'eshed to doon hure digestiouu, wher throuj any wykked humours other superfluytes may be engendred. MS. Biidh .140. EMPIGHT. Fixed ; fastened. Spenser. EMPLASTER. A plaster. See Reliq. Autiq. i. 54. Chaucer has it as a verb. Thrust downe a staff, and there will stick to it some mu Dysportes and plays and al maner gladncsse Among these lusty folkes tntercomhnedhe. With swete lovys amerous and such lustynesse, Godly reward ys with gret deboncrete. MS. Cantab. VS. i. 6, f. 151. ENTREDETEN. To handle. Skinner. ENTREUITEDE. Interdicted, lleame. ENTREE. An entry. (.^.-.V.) ENTREMEDLY. Intermediately. So eutremealy by successioun Of bothe w,is the generacioun. Litigate, MS. Sac. Antiq. 134, f. 14. EMTREMEES. Dishes served in between the courses at a feast. (Fr.) ENTREMETTEN. To intermeddle. (.^.-A'.) ENTKESSE. Interest ; business. ENTRETE. A plaster. It silt droweowt the feloncor theappostyme, and alle the filthe, and hole it withowttene any entrete, bol new it cvt-ncand inornc. ,W.V. Line. Med. f. 303. ENTRICE. To render intiicate. {Laf.) ENTRIES. Places in thickets where deer have recently passed through. ENTRIKE. To deceive J to entangle. Also, occasionally, to hinder. Whereof that hoe t!ie world entrlketht That many a man of him compleyneth. Gouer, .1/S Soc. Antiq. I.H, f. lOO. His mysty speche sohardc Is to unfolde That it entrt/ftcth rederti that It see. MS. DIgliii 232, f. 2. ENTRY. A naiTOw passage ; a lane ; a porch ; a gate, or door; an entrance, or small hall. iS(/rlh. ENTUNED. Tuned. (^...V.) ENTUNES. Songs; tunes. (^.-.V.) ENTWITE. To twit ; to reproach. ENTWYN. To separate. Audelay. ENTYREMENT. An interment. Weber. ENTYRFERYNE. To interlace. Pr. Par%. ENTYRYD. Interred. Pr. Part:. ENUCLEATE. To solve. Hall. ENUNIED. United. Becon. ENUNTY. Directly opposite. GUmc. ENUS. Once. Audelav, p. 43. ENVENEMUS. Venomous. (^.-A^.) It wil hele the bytyng of a wood hownde, and al maner stroliys that byn envenemus, and it wil fere addrus fro the. Ms. Med. Antiq. ENVENLME. To poison. {A.-N.) ENVIE. To vie ; to contend. {A.-N.) ENVIRID. Inversed. {A.-N.) of the Holy Gost rounde aboute envirid, Lydgate, MS. Soc. Antiq. 134, f. 27 Myne armez are of ancestrye, Enrerpdc with lordez. MS. Littcoln A. i. 17, f. 71. ENVIRON, (1) About ; around. (^.-A'.) Alle hire maydenis, stondyngeenpyi-own, Gao even thus for to crye loude. Liidgale, US. Soc. Antiq. 134, f. (i. (2) To go round ; to surround. ,^nd alle enreruunde the rale. And voyde whenoe hym llkede. MS. Lincoln A. 1. 17, f. 75. ENVIVE. To enliven ; to excite. ENVOLUPED. M'rapt up. (A.-N.) ENVOY. To send. Liitlrjate. ENVY. Hatred; ill-will. This is a common early use of the word. Some old dramatists have it in the sense, to emulate. There he had gretechyvalry, He slewe hys encmys with grete envy. MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. .1(1, f. 72. ENVYTS'ED. Stored with wine. (A.-N.) ENYYNTYSCIIEN. To attenuate. Pr. Parr. ENY3N. Eyes. Lijdgale. EODE. Went. Sorth: In that tymc ase ore Loverd code aboute, Ane bllnde man to him men brou5te. MS. Laud, llitl. f. 1. EORNETII. Runneth. {A.-S.) EORTIILICIIE. Earlhlv. (A.-S.) i:<)\V. Yes. Var. ilial. KDWER. Your. Salop. El'ETITE. A kind of precious stone. El'llESIAN. A jovial companion. .Vcantterm, used by Shakespeare. EPICEDE. A funeral song. (Lot.) EPISTOKEU. The pi-icst at mass who chanteth the epistle. (A.-N.) EPS. The asp tree. Kent. EQUAL. Just ; impartial. Afa.ers. See the Fraternitye of Vacabondes, li75. ESH. (1) Stubble ; aftermath. Surrey. (2) To ask. Also, an ash tree. North. ESHIN. A pail. North. ESHINTLE. A pailful. Chesh. ESHORNE. Cut in two. {A.-S.) WJiy hast th, q. V. ESQUIRE. An esquire of the body, an attendant upon a knight who carried his helmet, spear, and shield. ESS. Ashes, or a place under the grate to re- ceive them in. North. ESSAY. Same as Assay, q. v. ESSE. (1) To ask. Heame. (2) Ease. Ritson. (3) Is. MS. Cott. Vospas. D. ™. f. 2. ESSES. (1) The collar of SS, or esses, worn by Knights of the Garter. (2) Large worms. Kent. ESSEW. Issue. Bale. ESSEX-LION. A calf. Grose. ESSEX-STILE. A ditch. Grose. ESSIIEKED. Asked. Heame. ESSHET. Asked. Heanie. ESSHOLE. An ash-bin. North. ESSOINE. An excuse. {A.-N.) But 3it for strengthe of matrimonye. He rayjte make none esaoi^e. Gi'wcr. IIS. Soc. Antiq. 134, f. oO. ESSTE. Asked. Hearne. ESSYSE. Habit ; Cf.slom. R. de Brunne. EST. (1) Eatcst. Heame. (2) Host. Weber. (3) Love ; muniticence. (A.-S.) They wroght hym niekylle woo. As y yow say. be Goddys fee. 3tS. Cantab. Ft. ii. 38, I'. 80. ESTABLIE. A guard. (A.-N.) ESTAFET. A footman. (Span.) ESTALLED. Installed. {A.-N.) She was translated eternally to dwelle Amonge sterres, where that slie is estatJeil. MS. Digby 230. ESTANDART. A standard. Hall. ESTASION. A shop, or staU. (A.-N.) ESTATE. State ; condition ; a wealthy person ; administration of government ; an obeisance. ESTATELICH. Stately. Chaucer. Lydgatehas estatty, Minor Poems, p. 4. ESTATUTE. A statute. Hall. ESTCHEKER, A chess-hoard. And alle be hit that in that place square Of the listes, I mene the estcfieker. Occleve, MS. Soc. Jnliq. 134, f. 263. ESTEAD. Instead. North. ESTELLACIOUN. Astrology. {A.-N.) ESTFRE. State. Heame. ESTERNE. From A.-N. estre ? And fyl hyt at an esterne. That a prest shut none outher werne. SIS.Harl.Wl, f.C7 ESTIMATE. Estimation ; value. ESTITE. As well. North. ESTOC. A small stabbing sword. ESTOPPED. Stopped. Hall. ESTRADIOTS. French dragoons. ESTRAINGER. A stranffer. {Fr.) ESTRE. (1) State ; condition. (A.-N.) What schal I telle unto Silvestre, Or of Jour name or of jour e^tre 9 Gowei; MS. Bodl. 294, (2) A circumstance. (A.-N.) (3) Court ; street ; town. (A.-N.) So long he leved in tliat estre. That for hys name he hyjt Tuncestre. MS. Hail. 1701, f. 70. ESTRES. The inward parts of a building; cham- bers; walks; passages in a garden. {A.-N.^ See Will, and Werw. p. G4. ESTRETE. A street. Towarde this vice of whiche we trete. There ben jit tweye of thilke estrere, Gotver, MS. Soc. Antiq. 134, f. 4/. ESTRICII-BOARDS. Deal-boards exported from the Eastern countries, [.\ustria ?] ESTRICHE. Reserved ; haughty. {A.-N.) ESTRICH-FALCON. A species of large falcon, mentioned in the old metrical romance of Guy of Warwick. Shakespeare seems to allude to this bird in Ant. and Cleop. iii. 11, estridge. ESTRIDGE. An ostrich. Massinz/er. ESTROITS. Narrow cloths. {Fr.) ESTUF. Stuft"; household goods. Hall. ESTUIFE. A pocket-case. {Fr.) ESUE. To escape. {A.-N.) ESY. Soft. Prompt. Parv. ESYNE. Stercoro. Pr. Pan. ET. (1) Eat; even. Heame. (2) At ; to ; that. North. ETAYNE. A giant. {A.-S.) Fy, he said, thou foule ! thou etajtne .' Alle my knyglitcs thou garte be slayne. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 1-28. ETCH. (1) Stubble. Tusser. (2) To eke out; to augment. Kent. ETE. Eat. Somer.tet. The scheperde etc tille that he swatte. MS. Cantab. Ft. v. 48, f. 50. ETERMYNABLE. Interminable. ETERNAL. Infernal ; damned. East. ETERNE. Everlasting. {Lat.) Now be welle ware that thou have not misdrawe Hire tendir jougthe fro God that Uetenic. Llidgnte, MS. Soc. Antiq. 134, f. 0. ETEY'ED. Tied ; gartered. Chaucer. ETH. Earth. Also, a hearth. ITest. ETHE. (1) Easy; easily. {A.-S.) See More's Supplycacyon of Soulys, f. 12. (2) To ask. 'Gatrayne. ETIIEN. Hence. {A.-S.) ETHER. (1) An adder. North. (2) The air or sky. Nominate. (3) To bind hedges with flexible rods called ethers, or etheriitgs. Also, a hedge. {A.-S.) (1) Either ; each. {.i.-S.) EVE 341 EVE l.THSCHAPE. To escape. Hampok. ETHSTE. Asked. Heame. ETHYNDEL. Half a bushel. Pr. Parr. ETON. Eat, pi. (A.-S.) ETOW. Ill two. North. ETRjVATH. Truly ; in truth. Craven. ETRIDE. Tried. ' Higgins. ETTER. Same as Alter, q. v. ETTETHE. The eighteenth, ffeame. ETTICK. Hectic. (Fr.) Ettick fever, anoU phrase for the ague. ETTIN. Same us Etayne, q. v. " An eten in ich a fight," Sir Tristrem, p. 178. ETTLE. (1) A nettle. M'est. (2) To deal out sparingly. North. (3) To prepare j to set in order ; to intend ; to trj- ; to attempt ; to contrive ; to earn ; to de- sign ; to linger, or delay. North. " Ettelles to hee overlyng," i. e. designs to he conqueror, MS. Morte Arthure, f. 58. ETTLEMENT. Intention. North. ETTLINGS. Earnings ; wages. North. ETTWEE. A sheath, or case, for holding small instruments. {Fr.) ETTYS. Eats. North. That es to saye, that etlya me, jitt huugrca thaym, and thay that drynkes me, jit thrislls thayni. MS. Lincoln .\. i. i7. f- IM. ETYK. A fever. Lydgate. EUBIDES. The Hebrides. Drayton. EUGHT. Owed. North. EUPHUISM. An affected style of speakmg and writing introduced at the close of the sixteenth centurj' by Lilly, wlio set the fasliiou in works entitled, Euphues, or the Anatomy of Wit, am\ Euphues and his England, wliich are replete with absurd jargon and boml)ast. Tliese l)ooks were completely the fasliion for the time, and their immortality vainly pre- dicted by the author's contemporaries. EURE. Use ; custom ; urc. Malory, ii. 25. EUROSE. Rose water. (,/.-A'.) EUTRIR. To pour out. Devon. EV. Have. North. EVANGELETT-VATS. Cheese-vats, so called from being charged with the images of the saints which were to be imprinted on the cheeses. Suffolk. EVANGILES. The Gospels. {A.-N.) EVANS. A she-cat, said to be so called from a witch of that name. EVAT. A newt, Somerset. EVE. (1) To become damp, n'est. (2) A hen-roost. Somerset. EVECK. A goat. {Lat.) EVELING. Tlie evening. Devon. EVELLES. Witlioutevil. (A.-S.) EVELONG. Oblong. Wrongly printed enelong in I'r. Parv. p. -10. EVEMEN. Evening. Dorset. EVEN. (1) To compare. West. (2) Equal J to equal, or make etpial. The muUltticle of the I'crcltncs, quod he, mny nojte be rreiul to the nuiltltude of the Crelics, for tcwrly we arc nia than thay. US. Lincoln A.I. 17, f. 19. E^'EN-AND-ODD. A game played by tossing up coins. See Cleaveland's Poems, ICCO, p. 142 ; Klorio, p. 'iM. EVEN-CKISTKN. A fellow-Christian, or neigh- bour. See Uanilel. v. i. In the whilke es forbodene us ,ille manere of lesyngcs, false coiisperacyc and false tweryiig, whare thurghe oure cveiic-Cristyne may lese thayre catclle. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 21''- EVEN-DOWN. Downright. North. Perhaps connected with evenden, in Syr Gawayne. EVENE. (1) Evenly; equally. {A.-S.) (2) An ear of corn. Med. EVENE-FORTH. Equally. {A.-S.) EVENELICHE. Evenly ; equaUy. {A.-S.) EVENES. Equity. Lydgate. EVEN-FLA\»)L"RED. Unmixed; unvaried; uniform. Suffolk. EVEN-FURW .UID. Directly forward ; in con- tinned succession. North. EVENHEDE. Equality ; equity. {A.-S.) EVENINE. Equitable. {A.-S.) EVENINGS. The delivery at evening of a cer- tain portion of grass or corn to a customary tenant. Kennett. EVENLESTEN. The herb mercury EVENLIGHT. Twilight. Anoiie sche bidt me go awey. And sey it is ferr in the nyght. And I swerc it is cvenlight. MS. Cantab. Ff. i. 6. f. 6ii EVENLIKE. Equal ; equaUy. {A.-S.) EVENLINESS. Equality. Fairfax. EVENOLDE. Of the same age. (^.-5.) EVENSONGE. Vespers. {A.-S.) EVENTOUR. Adventure. Weber. EVEN-WHILE. Even-time. W. Werw. EVENYNG. Equal; just. {A.-S.) EVER. (1) However. Ifearne. (2) At any time. Var. dial. (3) Always. {A.-S.) Ever in on, continually in the same manner. Ever so long, a great while. (4) Rye-grass. Devon. (5) An opening stile. Glouc. EVER-AMONG. See Auionge. EVER-EITIIER. Uoth. Wiekliffe. EVEREMAR. Evermore. (A.-S.) EVERFERNE. ^\ all iVrn. Gerard. EVERKll. Each one ; every one. (A.-S.) EVERIDEL. Every part. (A.-S.) EVERLASTIN(i. (0 American cudweed. (2) A kind of stroiig stulf formerly much woni by sergeants. EVERNE. Ever; however, ffeame. EVERUDSE. Rose water. (A.-N.) EVERUCIIDKL. Every part. (A.-S.) EVERY. (1) A species of grass. West. (2) Every each, every other, alternate; every foot anon, every like, every now and then ; every vhips tvhile, now and then ; every vhiji and again, ever and anon ; every year's land, land w bii'h will bear crops every year. EVERYCHONE. Everyone. (^.-5.) Thi- iliylile lutnyd hym nbowtc wyth woundei redd. And blessyd thepepuU ffi''"A"'»""«'. MS. Cantab. Ff. II. 3«, f. 4/. EXA 342 EXP KVESE. The eivcs of a house. (J.-S.) JEVESED. Afraid. Lt/dgate. hVESI.VGE. Eaves. 'Huloet. EVESTERRE. Evening star. Pr. Pan. EVET. A newt. West. See Huloet, 1552; Kviij .\lisaunfler, 6126. EVICTED. Dispossessed. (Lai.) EVID. Heavicd; made heavy. EVIL. (1) A halter. Grose. (2) A fork, as a hay-fork, \c. We.':!. EVIL-EVE. An eye which charms. Supersti- tious people suppose that the first morning glance of him vvlio has an evil eye is certain destruction to man or beast, if not immediate, at least eventuallv. EVITE. To avoid.' {Lot.) EVORYE. Ivorv. Welier. EVOUR. Ivory! Lmlnate. .\nd the ^ates of the p.ilace ware of evour, wonder whitt, and the bandez of thame and the legges of ebenc. MS. Lii,.<,;;i .\. i. 17, f. 25. EVY'L. A disease ; a fit of madness ; to fall ill, or sick. .Sone aftyrw.ird she eiytd. And deyd sunner than she wylde. 3IS. Harl. 1701, f. 53. EVYLY. Heavily ; sorrowfully. EVY.N. Evening. Gower. EVY\.LY5THUS. Twilight. (.-1.-^.) EW. Yew. {J.-S.) See Reliq. Antitp i. 7. EWAGE. Some kind of stone, or amulet. See Piers Ploughman, p. 29. EWARE. A water-hearer. Pr. Parv. EWE. Owed. Suffolk. EWE-GOWAN. The common daisv. ^'orth. EWER. An udder. North. EWERY. The jilace where the ewers for wash- ing the hands before and after meals were kept. Ord. and Reg. p. 4. EWFR.iS. A herb. Arch. xxx. 377. EWGH. A yew. West. Next to it a drawing-roome, whose floor is chec- qiiered like a chcise-board, with box and eu-^h jian- nells of about six inches square. ..ftibret/'s Wilts, Royal Soc. MS. p. 963. EWN. An oven. North. E-WONNE. Won. {.4.-S.) In loves art men must deype wade. Or that ye be conqueryd and e-wi'iiiie. MS. Fairf.ii IG. EWTE. (1) To pour water. Ex-moor. (2) A newt. Maimdei-ile. EWYNS. Hewings. Arch. x. 93. EX. (1) An axle, or axis. West. (2) To ask. Glouc. and Devon. EXAKERLY. Exactlv. far. dial. EXALTATE. Exalted. (Lai.) Everyman wilneth to be .ejraltate, Thouje he be gret, jit heyer wolde he poo. 0-clfm, MS. Soc ^ntig.\3i. f. 231. EXALTATION. A planet was said to be in its exaltation, when it was in that sign of the zodiac in which it was supposed to exert its strongest influence. EXAMETRON. An hexameter verse. EXAilPLER. A sampler. Palsr/rave. E.VAN. The herb crosswort. Gerard. EXBURSE. To disburse, or discharge. EXCALIBOUR. The name of King Arthur's sword, frequently mentioned. EXCHEVE. To eschew, or shun. {A.-N.) EXCISE. To impose upon ; to overcharge. J'ar. dial. EXCLAIil. An exclamation. Sfiak. EXCOMMENGE. To excommunicate. (A.-N.) See Stanihurst, p. 26. EXCOURSE. All expedition. (Lat.) EXCREMENT. Anything that grows from the human bodv, as hair, nails, &c. EXCUSATION. An excuse. (Lat.) Ser, je muste the sothe sey me trewly Withowtyn ej-cusuvion yn eiiy wysse aleyde. MS. Cantab. Fl. i. G, f. 143. EXCUSEMENT. An excuse. So thiike exfusement was none. .VS. Sou. Antiq. 134, f. 4.'). EXCYTATE. To excite. Hall. EXE. An axe. Ea.'^t. EXECUTION. The sacking of a town. Nares. EXECUTOUR. An executioner. Executrlce, a female executioner. (A.-N.) EXEMPLAIRE. Exemplarv. (A.-N.) EXEMPT. Taken away. Shak. EXEN. Oxfi North. EXEQUY. ! TC al. Sidney. EXERCISES Week-day sermons, so called by the Puritai.^. EXERPED. Drawn out. Topsell. EXHALE. To drag out. Shak. EXHERIDATE. To disinherit. It seems also to mean, to hate or detest. EXHIBITION. Stipend ; allowance. The term is still used at the universities. EXIDEMIC. An epidemic. Hall. EXIGENT. Exigence ; ditficidty. Also, a writ that lies where the defendant iu an action personal cannot be found. EXILE. Poor ; lean ; endowed with small re- venues. (Lat.) EXLE. An axle. Florio,p. 67. EXORCIS.\TIONS. Exorcisms. (^.-A^.) EXPANS-YERES. Single years, with the mo- tions of the heavenly bodies answering to them. C/iaucer. EXPECT. To suspect ; to conclude ; to suppose ; to lielieve ; to wait ; to tarrv ; expectation. EXPECTAUNT. Waiting. '(.^.-A'.) EXPECTION. Expectation. " With so much expection," The Bride, 1640, sig. B. ii. EXPEDIENCE. Expedition; celerity. Shak. Also, an enterprise, or undertaking. Expe- dient, quick. EXPENDUNTUR. In old works, an account of the things expended. EXPERTFULL. Expert ; skilfuL EXPI.\TE. Expired. Shak. EXPIRE. To exhaust, or wear out. EXPLATE. To expl.iin, or unfold. Jonsoa, viii. 431. Perhaps a form of expteite, or ex- ploit; q. V. We have expleiten in .V Prophesie of Cadwallader, 1604. EXPLEITE. To perform; to finish; to com- plete ; to assist. (^.-.V.) EYE 343 EYR This werk texpleyte that ye nat refuse, 1 But maketh Clyo for to ben my muse, !«»•. illy' * 232, f. I. So lete thy grace to me dissende adoun, Hy rude tongc to esptite and spede. US. Six-. /liiIJv l*t. f- 2- EXPLOIT. To perform. HoliiisUcd, Chrou. Ireland, p. 148. Also, to apply one's self to anything. Pnlsyrave. EXP'OSTUL.\TE. To inquire. Shak. EXPOSTURE. Exposure. i>hak. EXPOUNEN. To expound ; to explain. (A.-N.) EXPULSE. To expel, or drive out. (Lat.) EXPl'RGE. To purge, or cleanse out. EXQUIRE. To inquire. Chapman. EXSLFFLICATE. Contemptible. {I.at.) EXTABLE. Acceptable. State Papers, i. 815. EXTEND. To value the property of any one who has forfeited his bond ; to apjiraise ; to seize. A law term. EXTENDOUR. A surveyor; one who extends property. EXTENT. A valuation, or seizure. Hence, a violent attack. EXTERMINION. Extermination. See HaU, Henry VII. f. 23. EXTERN. External ; outward. A'ares. EXTIRP. To oxtir])ate. {Lai.) EXTRAUGHT. Extracted. Halt. EXTRAVAGANT. Wandering. Shak. EXTRE. An axletree. East. The firmament and also every sperc. The golden eitie and the sterres seven. Lydgate, MS. Ashmole 39, f. 33. EXTREAT. Extraction. (Fr.) EXTRESS. To draw out. (Lai.) EXTRUCTION. Destruction. Hfywood. EXULATE. To banish. {Lat.) An exile, Har- dvng's Chron. f. 189. EXUPERATE. To overbalance. EXURE. To assure. {A.-N.) Passith pleynly and also doeth excede The wytleof man, I doo you well exure. Lpdeale, M.S. vMimiile39, f. 55. EXUS. Axes. Degrevant, 325. EY. (1) Aye ; yes ; ah I North. Ey t thoght the knyjt, long ys gone, That racssc at the cherche herd y none. US. Hail. 1701, f.2li. (2) An egg. (A.-S.) EYANE. Again. Degrevant, 131. EYAS. A young hawk recently taken out of the nest. ICi/asmiLiket, a young male sparrow- hawk ; and hence, mctaplioricallv, a boy. EYDTNT. Diligent. North. EYDLit. Either. Xor/h. Alle arowndi', lyke a fn're. And thin ovyrthwnrt to ei/dur ere. MS. Oinlnlj. Vr. ii. 38, f. 241. EYE. (1) A small tint of colour, just enough to see. See Wares in v. (2) A brood of pheasants. / 'ar. dial. (3) The nioulh of a |)it. North. (4) Water. Somerset. .\n outlet for water from a drain. Kast. (5) To ol)scrve minutely. Eaae.r. (6) Awe J fear; power. {A.-S.) EYEABLE. Sightly. NortA. EYE-BITE. To bewitch an animal with tlie evil eve. North. EYE-BREEN. The eyebrows. Lane. EYE-BREKES. Eyehds. ^orth. EYE-GR.\SS. Old pasture ground, that has been long without being eaten. Olouc. EYEN. Eyes. (A.-S.) EYER. Heir ; heiress ; air. EYERIE. Same as Airy, q. v. EYES. Ice. Be war, 1 rede, thou stondest on the ei/et. MS. Sac. Aniiq. 134, f. S55. EYE-SORE. A blemish ; any disagreeable ob- ject. Var. dial. EYET. (1) To eat. Ifarw. (2) A small island, or ait. Kennett. EYEVANG. A straj) or stay to which the girt of the saddle is buckled. Deion. EYGER. Shan);sour. (Fr.) EYGHE. I'ear. Gy of Warw. p. 13. EYGHTE. Possessions. (A.-S.) EYH. An eye. Brome'sTravels, p. 152. £yAf», MS. Cott.Vespas. D. vii. EYHE. A handle, or haft. EYKAKE. A kind of cake compounded with eggs. Pr. Pan. EYL. An ear of corn. Translated by acut in MS. Lansd. 560, f. 45. EYLDE. To yield ; to return ; to give, or de- liver up. EYLDEN. M'ent. Chester Plays, u. 72. EY'LDYNGE. Fuel. Pr. Pare. EYLE. An island. North. EYLEN. To ail. (.^.-S.) Syr Lancelot et/lt/t/ie nothynge but gode. He shalle be hole by pryme of day. MS. Hail. 2252, f. 1.12. What ei/led me, why was 1 wode. That 1 cowth so litelle gode ? MS. Canlah. Ft. v. 48, f. 55. EYLIADS. Ogles ; wanton looks. (Fr.) EYLSUM. M'holesome ; sound. EYLYKE. Elsewhere. Lydgate. EYLYNE. To withstand. Pr. Pan. EYMANENT. Directly opposite. West. EYMERY. Ashes. Pr. Parv. EYNE. (1) Eyes. North. (2) A thicket } MS. Morte Arthurc. EY.NKE. Ink. Ilampole. EY-QWYT. The white of egg. (.I.-S.) EYKAR. A brood of swans. Sometimes, the bird itself. EVUE. Grace ; haste ; speed; air; to plough ; to go ; to move ; an heiress, or heir ; to breed, as hawks do. EYREN. Eggs. Sec Introduction. EYRISH. Aerial. Cliaucer. EYRONDE. Erected. J/olme. EYRONE. Eggs, as tynn, q. v. A wowndyt man schal kepc hym that he jetc nii cheese, ne bolur, ne fi/rvnr, ne fysche of the see, iie fruytte, ne llcsche, but of a best that is gtldit; nn i he most kepe him tio fleschely talent wytho wyni men. Mnl. Rcc. .VS. Biiglil, t. IQ EYRLS. Years. Ileanie. FAD 344 FAG EYSE. Ease. See Langtoft, p. G8. I the se wepynge alie weyes, Whenne thou shuhles be best at er/s. Cwaor Mundi, MS. Coll. Trill. Cantab, f. 05. EYSEMENTES. Conveniences. EYSTER. An oyster. Rel. Ant. i. 85. EYTE. Eight. Cov. Uyst. EYTENDE. The eighth. Lijtigate. EYTENDELE. Half a bushel, or the eighth part of a coomb, whence the term. Pr. Pare. The terms seems to be retained in the Lanca- shire word aghendole, eight pounds of meal, more usually w-ritten nackendole, although the derivation is probably from aghtmut, q. v. EYTH. Easv ; easily. {A.-S.) EV31RE. The air. Pr. Pan: EY3THE. Eight. Pr. Pare. E5ENEX. Eyes. See Wright's Lyric Poetry, p. 39. Eje, St. Brandan, p. 3. E5EVER. Ever. Audelay, p. 26. FA. (1) Very fast. North. (2) .A foe ; an enemy. The countas said, alias ! je hafe bene lang faae. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17. f. 137- EAA. Few. Eftyr a faa dayes, he apperyii. Chaucer. (4) Fall of the Iraf.fall, autumn. (5) A yeaning of lambs. North. (6) To try a fall, to wrestle. Fall back, fall edge, at all adventures. To fall in age, to be- come old. To fall in hand, to meet with or meddle. To fail out of , flesh, to hciomc lean. Also used in this manner, to fall a iiriting, lo FAL 346 FAN write, to fall a reading, to read, &c. To fall out, to quarrel. (7) To follow as a corollary to any argument previously stated. (8) To befall ; to happen ; to belong. FALLAL. Meretricious. Salop. FALLALS. The falling ruffs of a woman's dress ; any gay ornaments. Var. dial. FALLAND-EVYL. The falling sickness. FALLAS. Deceit ; fallacy. (J.-N.) Hall has fal/ax, Henry VIL f. 32. Thorow coverture of his /alias, And ry3t so in semblable cas. Gower, US. Soc. Antiq. \3i, 1. 42. FALLE. A monse-trap. Pr. Pan. FALLEN. Slaked. Craven. FALLEN-WOOL. Wool from a sheep killed by disease or accident. North. F.\LLERA. A disea.se in hawks, in which their claws turn white. FALL-G.\TE. A gate across a public road. Norf. F.\LLING.B.YNDS. Neck-bands worn so as to fall on the shoidders, much worn in the seven- teenth centurv. FALLING-DOWN. The epilepsy. Pr. Parv. FALLINGS. Dropped fruit. South. F.ALLOW-FIELD. A common-field. Glouc. FALLOWFORTH. A waterfall. Line. FALLOW-H.\Y. Hay grown upon a fallow, or new natural ley. North. FALLOWS. The strakes of a cart. TTest. FALLS. The divisions of a large arable field attached to a village. North. FALOUN. Felon ; wicked. {A.-N.) F.iLOWE. To turnpale oryeUow. {J..S.) His lippis like to the lede. And his lire falowede. MS. Lintjln A. i. 17, f. 94. FALSDOM. Falsehood. (.i.-S.) F.\LSE. (1) Stupid; obstinate; wanting spirit ; sly ; cimning ; deceitful ; forsworn ; perjured. (2) To falsify ; to betray ; to deceive ; to whee- dle ; to flatter ; to desert ; to baffle. FALSE-BLOWS. The male flowers of the melon and cucumber. East. FALSE- BRAY. A counter-breastwork. (Fr.) FALSEHED. Falsehood. (.l.-S.) FALSE-POINT. A trick, or stratagem. FALSE-QUARTERS. A soreness inside the hoofs of horses. Holme, 1688. FALSER. False. Jonson. FALSE-ROOF. The space between the ceiling of the garret and the roof. FALSOR. Deceiver. " Detested falsor," Wo- man in the Moone, 1597. FALSTE. Falsity ; falseness. (-4.-N.) FALTER. To thrash barley in the chaff. Fal- teriiig-iroits, a barley-chopper. Line, FALTERED. Dishevelled. North. FALWE. Y'ellow. Chaueer. Also, to turn yel- low. Syr Gowghter, 62. FAL WES. Fallow lands. Also, new ploughed fields, or fields recently made arable. See Pr. Parv. p. 148. " falovv, londe eryd, novate." The Latin here given bears both interpre- tations, although the latter is evidently in- tended bv the author. FALYF. Fallow. Rilson. FAMATION. Defamation. Hall. FAMBLE. To stutter, or murmur inarticu- lately. Line. It occurs in Cotgrave, in v. Barer, and in Coles. " Stamereu other fame- len," MS. Harl. 7322. FAMBLE-CROP. The first stomach in rumi- nating aniitials. East. FAMBLES. Hands. DeHer. FAME. (1) To defame. Ritson, iii. 161. False and feiiylle was that wyghte. That lady for to fame. MS. Cantab. Ff. U. 38, f. 71. (2) The foam of the sea. {.-i.-S.) Myldor, he said, es hir name, Scho es white als the fame. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 132. (3) K surgeon's lancet. Line. FAMEN. (1) To famish. Hearne (2) Foes ; enemies. {A.-S.) To fyghte wyth i\\y faamene. That us unfaire ledcs. MS. Murle Aithme, f . 56. FAMILE. To be famished. Wane FAMILI.\R. A demon or spirit attendant npon a witch or conjurer, often in the fonn of an animal, a dog, &c. FAMILOUS. Adj. Family. North. FAMILY-OF-LOVE. A fanatical sect intro- duced into England about 1560, distinguished by their love to all men, and passive obedi- ence to established authority. The members of it were called Familists, and are mentioned in a list of sects inTavlor's Motto, 1622. FAMOSED. Celebrated. Shale. FAMULAR. Domestic. {Lat.) FAN. (1) To tease ; to banter ; to beat or thrash anv one. Sussex. (2) Found ; felt. Cumb. (3) To stir about briskly. Line. (4) To winnow corn. Var. dial. FANCICAL. Fanciful. West. FANCIES. Light ballads, or airs. Shak. FANCY. (1) Love. Fanetj-free. ShaJc. A sweet- heart is stUI called 2i fancy-man. (2) A riband ; a prize for dancers. FAND. Found. Tundale, p. 14. FANDE. To try, or prove. {A.-S.) He was in the Haly Lande, Dedis of armcs for to fande. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 130. They wolde theniselfe/u«rfe To seke aventurs nyghte and day. MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 24.'). FANDING. Trial ; temptation. Paule prayed to God that he suld fordo thase fandynges that hym pynede so sare, bot God herd hyrae noghte. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17. f. 237. FANE. (1) A weathercock, formerly made in various shapes, seldom in that of the bird whence the modern term is derived. (2) A banner. (A.-S.) (3) The white flower-de-luce. Gerard. (4) Foes ; enemies. MS. Cott. Vesp. D. vii. (5) A rope attached to the mast of a vessel? See Pr. Parv. p. 148, and Ducange, in v. Cbertici, FAR 347 FAR " A faviie of a schipe" may, perhaps, only mean a weatliercock on the top of the mast. See Sir Eglamour, 1192. Of sylvtr hisniaste.of golde Wis fane. US. Lincoln A.i.l7,f- H"- FANER. A winnower. Lydgate. FANFECKLED. Freckled ; sunburnt, ^'orth. FANG. (I) A fin. East. A paw, or claw. North. Also, to grasp or clench. (2) To strangle ; to biml. Wilts. (3) To be godfather or godmother to a chdd. Somersft. FANGAST. Fit for marriage, said of a maid. Aorf. Now obsolete. FANGE. To catch, or lay hold of. {A.-S.) Tlie synnc God hatelh that on hem hangeth, And Goddes hatred hellc hyl/atigelh. MS.HarI.17'. FARN. Fared, or gone. {.I.-S.) FAS 348 FAU Whenne Heioiide was of lif /aj-n, An aungel coom Joseph to warn. Cursiir iluFidi, MS. Co». Trin. Cantab, f. 74. FARNTICKLES. Freckles. North. FARR. To ache. Nortk. FARRAND. Deep ; cunning. Line. FARREL. The fourth part of a circular oat- cake, the division being made by a cross. North. FARREN. Half an acre. West. FARRISEES. Fairies. East. FARROW. A litter of pigs. East. FARROW-COW. A barren cow. North. FARRUPS. Tlie devil. Yorksh. FARSE. To stuff; to fill; to eat. Also, the stutfing of a bird, &c. Bot in hys delytes settes hys hert fast. And farse als this lyfe solde ay last. Hampole, MS. Bowes, p. 19. FARSET. A chest, or coffer. Skinner. FARST. Farthest. Craven. FARSURE. Stuffing. Forme of Curij. FARSYN. The farcy. It Cometh mostecomuneliche aboute the houndes ers and yn hure legges, than yn any other places, as the/arsy?*, and jit this is wors to be hnol. MS. Bod!. 546. FART. A Portugal fig. Elyot. FARTHELL. Same as Fardel, q. v. FARTHER. Pll be farther if I do it, i. e. I won't do it. Var. dial. FARTHING. Thirty acres. Cormr. FARTHINGS. Flattened peas. West. FAR-WELTERED. Cast, as a sheep. Line. FAS. A porridge-pot. Line. EASE. Foes. See Ritson, i. 65. Welcome, sir, to this place ! I swere the, by Goddis grace. We hafe bene lange/tt^e, MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 137. FASGUNTIDE. Shrove-tide. Noif. FASH. (1) Trouble; care; anxiety; fatigue. Also a verb. North. (2) The tops of turnips. Sec. Lane. (3) Rough, applied to metal. North. (4) A fiinge, or row of anrthing worn like a fringe. (./.-&) FASHERY. Over niceness. Ciimb. FASHION. (1) The farcy in horses. Wilts. Shakespeare and Dekker hiiyefashio7is. (2) State of health. Also, to presume. FASHIOUS. Troublesome. Craven. FASHOUS. Unfortunate ; shameful. Chesh. FASIL. To dawdle. Line. It anciently meant, to ravel, as silk, &c. FASOUN. Fashion ; form. Jlifson. FASSIDE. Stuffed. ReUq. Antiq. i. 85. PASSINGS. Any hanging fibres .of roots of plants, &e. Lane. FASSIS. Tassels ; hangings. Hall. FASSYONE. Acknowledgment. Pr. Pan. FAST. (1) The understratum. West. (2) Full ; busy ; ven.' gay. North. (3; Liberally. Robson, p. 9. (4) A dish in ancient cookery, composed of eggs, pigeons, and onions. (5) In use ; not to be had. East. (6) Very near. Hence, intimate. Line. In earlv writers, it means sure, firm. FAST-AND-LOOSE. A cheating game, played with a stick and a belt or string, so arranged that a spectator would think he could make the latter fast by placing a stick through its intricate folds, whereas the operator could de- tach it at once. The term is often used nie- taphoricaUv. FAST-BY. Very near. Var. dial. F.\STE. (1) Faced, as a hypocrite. Gower. (2) To fasten ; to marry. {J.-S.) That they 5Chu\de /aste hur with no fere. But he were prynce or pryncys pere. MS. Cantab. Ft. ii. 38. f.75. FASTEN. To detain ; to seize. Aorth. FASTENING-PENNY. Earnest money. North. FASTENS. Shrove-Tuesday. Also called Fas- tens-Tuesday. A seed-cake was the staple commodity of this day, now exchanged for pancakes. Langley mentions Fastingham- Tuesday, a variation of the same term. Fas- tingong, Slirove-Tide, Howai'd Household Books, p. 117. " -At fastyngonge, a guaresme- prennant," Palsgrave. Fast-gonge, Pr. Parv. p. 151. Faitirne, Hardvng. FASTNER. A warrant. Grose. FASYL. A flaw in cloth. Withab. FAT. (1) To fetch. Var. dial. (2) A vat, or vessel used in brewing. Formerly, any tub or packing case. (3) To make fat, or fatten. Line. (4) Eight bushels, a quarter of grain. FATCII. Thatch. Also, vetches. West. PATCHED. Troubled; perplexed. Nortli. FATE. (1) Fetched. Chron. Vilod. p. 54. (2) To fade ; to lose colour. Pr. Parv. FATHEADED. Stupid. Var. dial. FAT-HEN. The wild orache. Var. dial. FATHER. To impute anythiug, or lay a charge to one. Var. dial. FATHER-JOHNSON. A schoolboy's term for the finis or end of a book. FATHER-LAW. A father-in-law. West. FATHER-LONGLEGS. The long slender-legged spider, very common in harvest time. FATIDICAL. Prophetic. Topsell. FATIGATE. Fatigued ; wearied. Hall. FATNESS. Marrow ; grease. Line. FAT-SAGG. Hanging with fat. Huloet. PATTERS. Tatters. Craven. FATTIN. A smaU quantity. North. FATTLE. A beat to jump from, a schoolboy's term. Line. FATURE. Same as Faitour, q. v. FAUCHON. A sword, or falchion. (^.-.V.) Gye hath hym a stroke raghte Wyth hys/ut*c/jo/i at a draghte. MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 15/ FAUD. A fold for cattle. North. FAUDEN. Folding. Craven. FAUF. Fallow land. North. Kennett, MS. Lansd. 1033. has faugh-land. FAUGHT. (1) Fetched. West. (2) To want, or fail. North. FAUGHTE. A fault. Caxton. FAW 349 FEA FAUKUN-RAMAGE. A ramage hawk. It is the Jalco peregrinus in MS. Addit. 11579. FAUL. A farm-yard. Cumb. FAULKNING. Hawking. Florio. FAULT. (1) To commit a fault; to find fault with ; to blame. (2) Misfortune. Sliak. (3) To fail, as Fought (2). FAUN. (1) Fallen. Var. dial. (2) A floodgate, or water-gate. {A.-N.) (3) To produce a faun. Palsgrave. FAUNGE. To take ; to seize. {A.-S.) FAUNTE. A child, or infant. (/f.-.V.) How that he lycth in clothis narow wounde, ThiajoDge/aunftr, with chere fu)Ie benigne. Ls/dgalc, aiS. .50.. y/nliq. l»i, f. !). FAUNTEKYN. A very smaU faimfe, q. v. " VVTienne I was a.fantekyne, I was fonde in a toune, in acradyl," Gesta Rom. p. 215. Thow arte bot ^ fawntkpne, no ferly me thynkkys. Thou wille be flayede for a tiye that one ihy flesche lyghttes. Morte Aithure, M.S. Liiicvhi, i. 79. FAUNTELTEE. Childishness. {A.-S.) FAURED. Favoured. Korlli. FAUSE. Shrewd ; cunning ; treaclierous. Also to coax, or wheedle. North. FAUSEN. (1) False ; bad ; sly. Cower. (2) A very young eel. Chapman. FAUSONED. Fashioned. Gou'er. FAUT. To find out, or discover. East. FAUTE. Fault ; want. (.^.-A'.) FAUTORS. Aiders ; supporters. {Lat.) Fau- trixe occurs in Brit. Bibl. iii. 76. FAUTY. Decayed ; rotten. North. FAVASOUR. A vavasour. {A.-N) FAVELL. Cajolerj'j deception by flattery. (A.-N.) Hence curryfavel, q. v. It was also the name of a horse. FAVEREL. An onion. Line. FAVEROLE. The herb water-dragons. FAVIROUS. Beautiful. Chaucer. FAVOUR. Look ; countenance. Also, to re- semble in countenance. Favourable, beaul iftil. FAVOURS. Love-locks. Taylor. FAW. (1) To take, or receive. North. (2) An itinerant tinker, potter, &c. Cumb. FAWCHYN. To cut with a sword. Skelton. FAWD. A bundle of straw. Cumb. FAWDYNE. A notary. Nominale MS. FAWE. (1) Enmity. Heame. (2) Glad ; gladly. (A.-S.) (3) Variegated ; of different colours. {A.-S.) FAW-GANG. .\ gang of faws. Cumb. Francis Heron, King of the Fatrs, was buried at Jar- row, 13 Jan. 1756, Chron. Mirab. p. 6. FAWKENERE. A falconer. He calcic forthe hyifawltenerff. And seydc he wolde to the ryvere Wyth hys hawkys hym to playe, 31S. Caiilab. Kf. li. M, (. 1C6. FAWN. Fallen. North. FAWNANDE. Fawning. For they to the hurt btn /ttwmtmltf, The more they dyseeyve, yf hyt assente. ;J/.S-. Cautiib. I'-f. II. .1(1, f 13. FAWNE. Fain ; glad. Pr. Parv. FAWNEY. A ring. O'roae. FAWS. A fox. North. FAW'TE. Fault ; want of strength. The lady gane thane upstande, For fau'te scho myght spcke no worde. MS. I.inci.lu A. i. 17, f. U4 FAWTELES. M'ithout a defect. He kepyth ayewell in trtsorye, Th&l /awteieH kepyth hys own name. MS. CuNlab. Ff. li. 38, f.2-4. FAWTER. To thrash barlev. North. FAWTUTTE. Failed ; wanted. Robson. FAX. The hair. {A.-S.) And here hondes bownden at her bakke fuUe bittyrly thanne. And schoven of her /«j and alle her fayre berdes. MS. Cult Calig. A. ii. f. lis. FAXED-STAR. A comet. Cumb. FAXWAX. The tendon of the neck. Le wen au col, Reliq. Antiq. ii. 78. Paxwax is still used in the same sense. FAY. (1) A fairy ; a spirit. (^.-A'.) In sundry wise hire roiine chaungeth ; Sehe semeth J'nt/ and no woinman. Gmier, MS. Soc. Aiiliq. \3i, I. I.'i2 (2) To clean out ; to cleanse. East. (3) Faith ; truth ; belief. {A.-N.') " I telle jow in fay," Sir Uegrevant, MS. Lincoln, f. 132. (4) To prosper; to go on favourably ; to succeed ; to act ; to work. South. (5) Doomed or fated to die. {A.-S.) FAYER. Fair. I.ydyate. FAYLED. Wanted, i. e. lost. Lyt was a swynhordeyn thys runtre. And kept swyne grcte plenty. So on a day hefui/ti;tl a boor, And began to inonicand syked sore. MS. Cantab. Ff. ii.38, f. 1.11. FAYLES. An old game, differing very slightly from backganiinou. FAYLLARD. Deceitful. (A.-N.) F.WLY. {\) A coward; a traitor. {A.-N.) (2) To fail. Oawayne. FAYNARE. A flatterer. Pr. Pan. FAYiNE. (1) To sing. Sielton. (2) A vein of the body. And tasitd hys senuws and hysfaj/ne, And aeyde he had moche payiie. .MS. Oi:,tab. Ff. il. 38, f. l:«l. FAYXES. Gladness ; jov. Ps. Colt. FAYNTYSE. Deceit ; treachery. (A.-N.) Telle me in what mancr of wyse I have thys drcde and thys/.jni/.i/w. .«.V. Cantab. Ff il. 38, f. Si-1. FAYRE. Fair ; fairly ; gracefully. (A.-S.) FAYKSE. Fierci:. Pitson. FAYRY. Magic; illusion. {A.-N.) FAYTE. To betray ; to deceive. (A.-S.) FAYTKS. Facts; deeds; doings. Skelton. FAYTHKLY'. Certainly. Oatcat/ne. FAYTORS. Fortune-tellers. G'-ose. Obvi- ously derived from A.-N. Fuiluriey. FAYTOUUS-GREES. The herb spurge. Pr. Parv. FAZOUN. Fashion ; appearance, ll'e/ier. FA3I,IC1IE. Truly ; certainly ; in faith. I'EAllKimiKS. Gooseberries. Var. iliiil. Cot- grave has Ibis word, in v. Croiselles, FEA 350 FEE FEABES. Gooseberries. Suffolk. FEABLE. Subject to fees. Hall. FEACIGATE. Impudent ; brazen-faced. North. FEADE. Fed. So/nmef. FEAGE. To whip, or beat. West. FEAGUE. (1) To be perplexed. Line. (2) A dirtj' sluttish person. North. FEAK. (1) A sharp twitch, or pull. West. (2) To fidget ; to be restless ; to be busied about trifles. Yorksh. (3) A flutter, generally appUed to the anxiety of a lover. Line. (4) To wipe the beak after feeding, a term in hawking. FEAL. To hide slily. North. FEALD. (1) Hidden. North. (2) Defiled. Weber's Floddon Field, 1808. FEAMALITY. Efl'eminacy. Taylor. FEANT. A fool. North. FEAPBERRY. A gooseberry. Culpeper. FEAR. (1) To feel ; to seem. East. (2) To terrify ; to frighten. Common as an archaism and pronncialism. FE.\R-BABES. A vain terror, a bugbear, fit only to terrify children. FEARD. Afraid. Vor. dial. FEARDEST. Most fearful. Hall. FEARE. Fair. Ritson. FEARFUL. (1) Tremendous, far. dial. (2) Dreadful ; causing fear. Shai. FEARLOT. The eighth part of a bushel. FEARN. A windlass. Line. FEART. Afraid, far. dial. FE ART-SPRAN K. A tolerable number or large parcel of anything. Berks. FEASETRAW. A pin or point used to point at the letters, in teaching children to read. F/orio. FEASILS. Kidney beans. JJ'est. FEAST. An annual day of merry-making in country villages. In some places the feast lasts for several days. FEASTING-PENNY. Earnest money. North. FEAT. (1) Neat; clever; dexterous; elegant. Also, to make neat. Noe not an howare, althoughe that shee Be never soe fine and feat. MS. Aahmole 208. (2) Nastv tasted. Berks. FEATHER. (1) Hair. Var. dial. (2) ContUtion ; substance, far. dial. (3) To bring a hedge or stack gradually and neatlv to a summit. West. FEATH'eR-BOG. a quagmire. Comw. FEATHER. EDGED. A stone thicker at one edge than the other. North. FEATHERFOLD. The herb feverfew. West. Called in some places featherfowl. FEATHERHEELED. Lightheeled ; gay. FEATHER-PIE. A hole in the ground, filled with feathers tixed on strings, and kept in motion liy the wind. An excellent device to scare birds. Ea.it. FEATISH. Neat ; proper ; fair. West. FEATLET. Four pounds of l)ntter. Cumb. FEATLY. Neatly ; dexterously. North. FEATNESS. De-xteritv. Harrison, p. 230. FEATOUS. Elegant. ' " Ye thinke it fine and featous," Drant's Three Sermons, 1584. FEAUSAN. Taste, or moisture. Feausan- fuzzen, a very strong taste. North. FEAUT. A foot. North. FEAUTE. Fealtv ; fidelity. {A.-N.) FEAWL. A fool. Yorksh. Dial. 169/. FEAZE. (1) To cause. (f>.) To feteh your feaze, the same as Feer (1). (2) To harass ; to worry ; to teaze ; to dawdle ; to loiter. West. (3) To sneeze. Line. FEBLE. Weak; feeble; poor; wretched; miserable. (.-I.-N.) FEBLESSE. Weakness. (^.-A'.) FECCHE. To fetch. (A.-S.) The prlnct; was feched to the horde. To speke with the kyng a wnrde. MS. Cant„b. Ff. v. 48, f. 54. FECH. Vetches. Nominate MS. FECK. (1) To kick or plunge. North. (2) Many ; plenty ; quantity. Northumi. Also, the greatest part. (3) Might ; activity. Yorksh. (4) A small piece of iron used by miners in blast- ing rocks. FECKFUL. Strong; zealous ; active. North. FECKINS. By my feckins, i. e. by my faith. Hevwood's Edward IV. p. 45. FECKLESS. Weak; feeble. North. FECKLY. Mostly; chiefly. North. FEDBED. A featherbed. Line. FEDDE. Fought. Weber. FEDE. Sport ; play ; game. Line. FEDEME. A fathom. {A.-S.) FEDEN. To feed. (A.-S.) FEDERARY. An accomplice. Shak. FEDERID. Feathered. This is the reading in MS. Cantab. Ff. j. 6, for ferful, La BeUe Dame sans Merev, 146. FEDE RYNE. To fetter ; to shackle. Pr. Parv. FEDEW. A feather. Nominale MS. FEDRUS. Fetters. Chr. VUod. p. 123. Fe- dri/d, fettered. Ibid. p. 65. FEDURT. Feathered. This h bettur then any bowe. For alie ihejtdtii-t schafte. US. Cantab. Ff. T. 48, f. 51. FEDYLDE. Fiddled. Reliq. Antiq. i. 86. FEE. (1) To winnow com. North. (2) Property ; money ; fee ; an annual salary, or reward. {.4.-S.) FEEAG. To encumber ; to load. Cumb. FEEAL. Woe; sorrow. North. FEEBLE. To enfeeble. Palsgrave. FEED. (1) Food. An ostler calls a quartern of oats a feed. Also, to fatten. Grass food, pastm-e, is so eaUed. (2) To give suck. Var. dial. (3) To amuse with talking or reading. " Gestis to fede," MS. Line. FEEDER. A servant. Shak. FEEDERS. Fatting cattle. North. FEEDING. (1) Nourishing. North. (2) Pasture ; grazing land. Var. dial. FEL 351 FEL KEEDrNG-STORM. A constant snow. ]\'urth. FEEDING-TIiME. Genial weather. North. FEED-THE-DOVE. A Christmas fame men- tioned in Brand's Pop. Antiq. i. 278. FEEL. To smell ; to perceive. North. FEELDY. Grassy. Wickliffe. FEELTH. Feeling. Sensation. Warm. FEER. (1) To take a feer, to rnn a little way back for the better advantage of leaping forwards. An Oxfordshire phrase, given by Kennett, MS. Lansd. 1033. (2) Fierce ; (ire. Mitson. FEERE. To make afraid. {J.-S.) Befyse that harde and logh yare, And thoght he wolde hfmfnre. MS. Canlab. Ff. ii.38, f. Hi!. FEERFUNS-EEX. Shrovetide. Lane. FEESE. See Feaze. FEET. ( 1) Fat. Arch. xxx. 407. (2) A deed, or fact. (^.-A'.) FEET-CLOTH. Same as Foot-cloth, q.v. FEFEDE. Fcolfed ; endowed. Heame. FEFF. To obtrude, or put upon in buying or selling. Essex. FEFFE. To infcof; to present. {A.-N.' FEFFEMENT. Enfeofment. {A.-N.) FEFT. Enfeoffed. North. FEG. (1) Fair ; clean. North. (2) To flag ; droop ; or tire. North. (3) Rough dead grass. West. FEGARY. A vagary. East. See Hawkins, iii. 162 ; Middleton, iv. 115. FEGGER. Fairer ; more gently. Lane. FEGHT. Faith ; belief. That thow me save from eternallc sch.ime, That have (aWefeght and hole Irusle In thi name. MS. Oinlub. Ff , i. 6, f. 124. PEGS. In faith ! South. FEH. Money ; property. {A.-S.) FEIDE. Fend ; war .> Weber. Warton reads fede in the same passage, p. clxii. FEIGH. To level earth, or rubbish ; to spread or lay dung ; to dig the foundations for a wall; to fev, or clean. Yorksh. FEINE. (1) To feign. {A.-N.) See Feyne. (2) To sing with a low voice. Pal.ti/raee. FEINTELICUE. Faintly ; coldly. Hvame. FEINTISE. (1) Dissimulation. (A.-N.) (2) Faintness ; weakness. {A.-S.) FEIRE. A fair. {A.-N.) FEIHSCHIPE. Beauty. Lydgate. FEIST. A puff-Iiall. Suffolk. FEISTY. Fusty. East. FEITT. A paddock ; a field. Line. FEIZE. To drive away. West. Pure A.-S. Ray, Proverbs, p. 220, has, " I'll veasc thee, i. c. hunt or drive thee," a Somersetshire phrase. It likewise has the same meanings as Fea:e (2). Our first explanation is eon- firmed by Fuller, as quoted by Richardson, p. 1450, but the term certainly means also to beat, to chastise, or hunil>lc, in some of our old dramatists, in which senses it is staled by Girt'ordtr) be still in use. FEL. (1) Cruel ; destructive. {A.-S.) (2) Felt. Still in use in Salop. FELA. A fellow, companion. Pr. Parr. FELAUREDE. Fellowship ; company. {A-S.) But thou dedyst no foly dede. That ys fleshly filaurede. MS. Harl. IJOl, f. 11. FELAUS. Fellows. Langtoft, p. 219. FELAUSHIPE. A company. {A.-S.) Also a verb, to accompany. FELCH. A tame animal. Litic. FELDE. (1) A field ; a plain. {A.-S.) Forthi 1 s.iy the on this wyese, Bot that thou make sacrafice Unto my poddls, that aUe may wclde, Thou salle be dede appone a/elde. MS. Lincoln A. 1. 17, f. 1211. (2) Felt. Weier. Folded. Ritson. (3) To become weak or ill. Line. (4) To fold ; to embrace. Gawaijne. FELDEFARE. A fieldfare. Chaucer. Still called Kfeldifiere in Salop. FELDEN. Felled ; made to fall. {A.-S.) FELDHASSER. A wild ass. {A.-S.) FELDMAN-WIFE. A female rustic. Trans- lated by rustica in NominaleMS. FELDWOOD. The herb baldmony. Tho took sche fHdwud and verveyne. Of herbis be not betir tweyne. Gutcer, MS. Sue. Antiq. 134, f. \M. FELE. (1) To feel ; to have sense ; to perceive ; to fiilfil. {A.-S.) (2) To hide. See Feal. (3) Many. {A.-S.) Toko hys Icve, .ind home hewente, And thankyd the kyng fete sythe. MS. AahmoU6\, t.OJ. FELEABLE. Social. Pr. Paw. FELEFOLDED. Multiplied. {A.-S.) FELER. More ; greater. Gaieat/ne. FELETTE. The fillet. At the tumyng that tym the traytours hym hitte In thorowe ihe/elettes, and in the fl.t%vnkeaftyre. Mnrte Arthtire,.yS. LiRCol'h f- /fi FELFARE. A fieldfare. IVest. FELIDEN. Felt. Wickliffe. FELKS. Felloes of a wheel. North. FELL. (1) A skin, or hide. {A.-S.) (2) A bill, or mountain. North. K\%o, a moor or open waste ground. By frith and fell, a ver\' common phrase in early poetry. Frith means a hedge or coppice, and frll, a hill, moor, valley, or pasture, any uninclosed space without many trees. Mtiyscs wente up onthat/e/V, Fourty diiyes there gon dwcUe. CUror Miindl, MS. Coll. Trtn. Canlab. t.i\. (3) Sharp ; keen ; cruel. North. Applied to food, biting, very salt. (4) A mouse-trap. Pr. Parv. (5) To inseam, in sewing. Far. dial. (0) Sharp ; clever ; crafty. North. (7) To return periodically. Esser. (8) To finish the weaving of a web, or piece of cloth. Yorkth. TELLE. To fell ; to kill. {A.-S.) I'KLI.UllE. Purple. {A.-S.) FELLESSF,. A multitude .> lleanif. FELLET. A certain portion of wood annually cut in a forest. Glouc. FEM 352 FEN FELLICH. Felly ; cruelly. (J.-S.) FELLICKS. Felloes of a wheel. Lane. FELLON. (1) Sharp ; keen. Nm-th. " kfiUon sharpe man," BuUeiu's Dialogue, 1573. p. ?>. (2) A disease in cows ; a cutaneous eruption in children. North. Apparently connected with the ancient itruifelone, q. v. FELLON-WOOD. The herb bitter-sweet. FELLOW. Companion ; friend. In Wiltshire used only as a term of reproach ; in Here- fordshire, a young unmarried man, a ser\'ant engaged in husbandry. Ever more /e/ou'f.5 I and thow, And niycuUe thanks, sir. now have je JI/.S\ Cantab Ff. V. 4S, f. 53. FELLOWSHIP. A tete.a-lete. Line. FELLY. (1) Fiercely ; cruelly. (.-i.-S.) Y reile we arrac us ylke onn, Thys ft!nde wylle/e//i/ f>t;hte. MS. Caiilub. Ff. ii . 38, f , 66. (2) To break up a fallow. North. FELONE. A sore, or whitlow. Fellom in Heref. Gloss. See Topsell's Beasts, p. 252. Somme for enevye schul have in lymes As kiles, /Wonci, and postymes. MS. Mhmole 41, f. 37- FELONIE. Auv wickedness. {.4.-N.) FELONLICHE." Wickedly. {J.-N.) FELONOUS. Very wicked. Lijdrjate. FELOUN. Wicked; cruel. {.i.-.\.) PELS. Felloes of a wheel. North. FELSH. To renovate a hat. Line. FELT. (1) Hid; concealed. North. (2) A hat. Thynne's Debate, p. 31. (3) A hide ; coarse cloth. Craven. " Feelte, or qwyUe, ^Itrum," Pr. Parv. '4) A thick matted growth of weeds, spreading by their roots. East. FELTER. To entangle. North. FELTRIKE. The small centaury. Pr. Parv. FELWET. Velvet. Arch. xxi. 252. FEL-WISDOME. Craftiness; cunning. FELWORT. The herb baldmony. See a list of plants in MS. Sloane 5, f. 5. FELYOLES. Are mentioned in the Squyr of Lowe Degre, 836, " Yourcurtaines of camaca, all in folde. Your /f/i/o/(.'s all of guide." Which appears to be the same word with fyellia and phioll in Douglas, fyJyolez in Syr Gawayne, ^nHfylijotes in MS. Cott. quoted in the last-mentioned work. In the two last in stances, length is expressly mentioned as a characteristic of the fylyole. In the absence of certain evidence, I should explain xtfinialx, and the term in the above instance may be ap- plied to small ornaments ou the top of tlie bedposts in the shape of huials or pinnacles. From the contradistinction of the terms, there was probably some slight difference between ih^ fijlyole and pinnacle. FEMALE-HEMS. Wild hemp. Line. FEM ED. Foamed. Gawayne. FEMEL. (1) A female. Pr. Parv. (2) A young family. ^/l.-A'.) FEMER. Shghtly made ; slender. North. FEMEREL. A kind of tuiret placed on the roof of a hall, or kitclien, so formed as to al- low the smoke to escape without admitting the rain from outside. FEMINE. Female. Brome. FEMINITEE. Womanhood. {A.-N.) " Contra- ryetofemynyte,"Lydgate'sMinorPoems,p.47. FE.MYN. Venom. Ritson. FEN. (1) Mud; mire. {A.-S.) (2) To do anything adroitly. North. (3) A preventive exclamation, used chiefly by boys at plav. Var. dial. FENAUN'CE.' Fine ; forfeiture. {A.-N.) FEN-BERRY. The cranberry. North. FENCE. (1) To keep out anything. East. He stode at fence, i. e. at defence. Fenee is also ai inour, or any other kind of defence. They myght not gete hym therfro, He stode at fence ageyn them tho. US. Cantah. Ff . ii. 38, f. 74. (2) OflTence. Var. dial. FENXE-MONTH. The month wherein female deer in the forests do fawn. Mamnod. FEN-CRICKET. A small beetle. Line. FEND. (1) To defend. To fend and prove, to throw the blame on others' shoulders. Fulle ofte-sythes he kyssede that maye. And hent hir upe and wolde awave, Bot thay alle the brigges did fende. MS. Linmbi A. i. 17, f. III4. Kyng Ardus fejitiyd hys wonys, Wondur grete were the slonys. US. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 77. ( 2) To provide ; to endeavoirr ; to make shift ; to ward off. North. .\lso, a livelihooil. (3) A fiend ; the devil. (A.-S.) And when the waytis blew lowde hyni be. The scheperde tho;t what may this be. He weude he hade herd a/ewde.' MS. Cantab. Ff. v. 48, f. S4. FENDABLE. Industrious. Line. FENDLICHE. Devilish. Chaueer. FENDY. Thrifty ; managing. Cnmb. FENE. To feign, or fancy ? i^A.-N.) .And in his dreme him thoujte he dede fene Of hirebroU3te forth withoute spot, as clene A lambe, most fayre to his inspeccioun, That he ever saw unto his plesaunce. Lydgate, MS. Sue. Antiq. 134, f. 14. FENEBOILES. A kind of pottage. FENECEL. The herb /enicufejH, sow-fennel.' See MS. Harl. 978 ; MS. Sloane 5, f. 5, spelt fenekele. FENESTRAL. A small fenestre, or window. Before glass was in general use, the fenestre was often made of paper, cloth, or canvass, and it was sometimes a kind of lattice-work, or shutter ornamented with tracery. In the sixteenth century, the ierm fenestre seems to have been applied to a blind or shutter in contradistinction to a glazed window. '■ At hire dore, and h\r fenester," Arthour and Mer- lin, p. 32. Tho com thare in a fuyri ar<-we At a fenettre anon. MS. Laud. 108, f. 103. FENG. Caught ; received. {A.-S.) FENKELLE. Fennel. {I.at.) Tliis form oc- curs in .MS. iled. Line. f. 290. FER 353 FER FENNEL. To give fennel, to flatter. FEN-NIGHTINGALE. A frog. East. FENNY. Mouldv. I'ar.dial. FENNYXE. A plirenix. Reliq. Antiq. u. 12. FENOWED. Mouldv. See hmny. FENSAI5LE. Defcnsiljle. Weher. FENSOME. Neat; adroit. AVM. FENT. (1) A crack, or flaw; a remnant of cot- ton ; an odd piece. North. (2) A pet, or darling. North. (3) To bind cloth. Also, the hindingof anypart of the dress. Line. Formerly, a short sUt in the upper part of the dress was called a fent. (4) Fear ; treiuhhng; faintness. Cumb. FENUM. Venom. Bede. FENVERN. Sage. Gerard. FEO. Fee ; inheritance. {A.-S.) FEODARY. One who held property under the tenure of feudal service. Feodalary is the proper word, but it seems to be used in this sense by Shakespeare and Ford. FEOFFED. Infeoffed. {A.-N.) FEORNE. Far ; distant. {A.-S.) FEORT. To tight. Devon. FEORTHE. The fourth. (^.-A'.) FER. (1) Far. (A.-S.) Still in use. (2) To free pastures. Craveti. (3) To throw. Somerset. (4) A fire. See Sevyn Sages, 17G6. (5) Fair. See Beves of Hamtoun, ]). 4. (6) Fierce. Rouland and Vernagu, p. 7. FERAUNT. An African horse ; a grey. (A.-N.) Appone a stcde fefuunc Annyd at ryghte. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 131. Fewters in freely one feraunte sledes. Morte Arthur/;, MS. Lincoln, f. 76. FERCHE. Fierce. {A.-N.) FERD. (1) Terrified; afraid. xl. men lepe ynlo the see. So /erdc of the lyenas they were. .VS. Canlah. Ff. 11. 3«. f. 85. (2) Went ; gone ; passed ; fared. So stille that sche nothynge herde, And to the bed stalkcnde he ferde. Gauer, MS. Sue. Antiq. 134, f. 44. Thai sette mouth of thain in hcven. And lung of Iham f'nd in erthe even. MS. Egolon G14, f. 49. When he French and Latyn herde, He hade mcrvelle how U /hrfte, MS. Cantab. Ff. v. 48, f. 55. (3) The fourth. (A.-S.) The/-&ye /erntikilles,'* i. e. freckles. FERN-OWL. The goatsucker. Gtouc. FERN-WEB. A small beetle, very injurious to the voung apple. JJ'est. FERNYERE. In former times. (J.-S.) See Piers Ploughman, pp. 103, 228 ; Hoccleve, p. 55 ; Troil. and Creseide, v. 1176, a subst. in the two last instances. Femers, Reynard the Foxe, p. 41. FERR.\Y. A foray. TowTieley Myst. p. 310. FERRE. (1) A kind of caudle. Spelt /erry in the Forme of Cury, p. 27. (2) Fair; beautiful.' Undur the erth it was dt;t> Ferre it was and dene of syjt. its. Cantab- Ff. v. 48, f. 51 (3) Further. {A.-S.) So that myn hap and alle myn hele. Me thynketh is ay the leng i^e ferre. Cower, MS. Soc. Aniiq. 134, f. W. FERRE DAYE. Late in the day. {A.-S.) FERREL. The frame of a slate. FERREN. Foreign ; distant. {A.-S.) Jon telleth us als gilden mouth Of a /erren folk uncouth. Cursor 3{undi,ifS. CM. Trin. Cantah. f. 71. FERRER. (1) Afarrier. North. SeeTopsell's Beasts, p. 340 ; Ord. and Reg. pp. 101, 201. (2) A barrel with iron hoops. Line. FERRE RE. Further. Ferrest, furthest. Felles fele on the felde, appooe the ferrere syde. Morte Arthure, US. Linetitn, f. 69. FERRIER. A fairy. Suffolk. FERRNE. Far. Hearne. FERROM. Distant; foreign. 0-ferrom, afar off. " We folowede o ferrome," Morte Ar- thure, MS. Lincoln, f. 62. FERRY-WHISK. Great bustle ; haste. Yorksh. FERS. (1) Fierce. Chaucer. (2) The Queen at Chess. FERSCIIELI. Fiercely. (.^.-.Y.) FERSSE. Fresh. Hearne. FERSTED. Thirsted. Degrevant, 1698. FERTHE. The fourth. {A.-S.) FERTHYNG. A farthing; any very small thing. Chaucer. FERTRE. A bier; a shrine. (^.-.V.) FERYNGES. Sudden. Hearne. FESAWNT. A pheasant. Pr. Pare. FESCUE. Same as Feasefraw, q. v. See Cot- grave, in V. Fe-^lu, Profit ; Howell, sect. 51 ; Florio, pp. 69, 185 ; Peele, ii, 230. FESE. To frighten; to make afraid. " Fese awey the cat," Urry, p. 597. When he had etyn and made hym at ese, H^ thoght Gye for to/e*f. MS. Cantah. Ff. ii. 38, f. 171. FESISIAN. A physician. Seven Sages, p. 53. FESOMNYD. Feoffed ; gave in fee. FESS. (1) To confess. North. (2) Gay ; smart ; conceited. ITeit. (3) A small fagot. Also, a light blue colour. Somerset. (4) To force or obtrude anything. Ea.it. FEST. (1) To put out to grass. North. (2) A fastening. Line. Connected with the old term/ej<, fastened. So mijtily he lete hit swynge. That in his frount the stoon he/'-jf. That bothe his e;en out Ihei brcst. Curmr Mundi, MS. Col. Trin. Cantab, f. 48. (3) To fasten, tie, or bind ; as, to /est an appren- tice. North. Feilt/ne thi herte to flee AUe this werldes care MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 222. Of alle thynge it is the best Jhesu in hert^ fast to/est. .VS. Ibid. f. 189. (4) A fist. Also, a feast. Chaucer. FESTANCE. FideUtv. (^.-.V.) FESTEYING. Feasting. Chaucer. FESTINATE. Hasty. {Lai.) Festination oc- curs in Hawkins, i. 292, 312. FESTING-PENNY. Earnest money. Line. FESTIV.AL-EXCEEDIXGS. An additional dish to the regular dinner, ilassinger. The term was formerly in use at the Middle Temple. FESTLICH. 'Used to feasts. Chaucer. FESTNEN. To fasten. {A.-S.) FESTU. A mote in the eye. (.^.-.V.) Also the same ^% fescue, q. v. FET. (1) Fetched. Lydgate, p. 20. .Uso, to fetch, as in Thjune's Debate, p. 73. The qwene anon to hym was /ett. For sche was best worthy. MS. Cantab. Ff. T. 48, f.54. (2) To be a match for one. North. (3) A foot. Arch. xxx. 407. (4) Fast ; secure ; firm. Line. FETCH. 1) To recover; to gain strength after an illness, far. dial. (2) The apparition of a person who is alive. See Brand, iii. 122. (3) To fetch in, to seize. To fetch up, to over- take. 7'o/e/cA oicoW, to walk, &c. Var.dial. FETCHE. A vetch. Chaucer. FETCH-LIGHTS. Appearances at night of lighted candles, formerly supposed to prognos- ticate death. Brand. FETE. (1) Neat ; well-made ; good. Ve fele ther fete, so fete ar thay. US. Cantab. Ff.ii.38, f.48. (2) Work. Chaucer. (3) A large puddle. Line. FETERIS. Features. Sche bihilde his feteris by and by. So fayre schapen in partye and in alle. Lydgate, MS. Soc. Antiq. 134, f. 9. FETISE. Neat ; elegant. (^.-A'.) FETLED. Joined. Gawayne. FETTE. (1) To fetch. See Fet. Thus sche began to fette reed, And turne aboute hire wittis alle. Gower, MS. Soc. Antiq. 134, f. 148. (2) A fetch, or contrivance. FETTEL. -i cord used to a pannier. Line. FEY 355 FIC FETTERFOE. The Iierb feverfew. FETTLE. To dress ; to prejiare ; to put in or- der ; to contrive, manage, or accomplish any- thing; to set about anything; to be in good time ; to repair ; to beat, or thrash. Aort/i. It is also common as a substantive, order, good condition, proper repair, \c. and several early instances are quoted in the Craven (.ilossary. " Ylle fetyld," Townelev Mvst. p. 309. FETTYNE. Fetched ; brought. "Thedirsalle be fettyne," MS. Lincoln, f. 148. FETL'OL'S. Same as Felise, q. v. FETURES. Births ; productions. Hall. FEUD. To contend, h'orth. Also, to contend for a hvelihood, to live well. FEUDJOR. A bonfire. Craven. FEUSOME. Handsome. AV/A. FEUTH. Fill ; plenty. Craveii. FEUTRE. The rest for a spear. Also, to fix it in the rest. Morte Arthure, i. 148, 157. A faire floreschte spere in feivtyre he castes. MiiTte Arlliure, MS. Linmhi, !. G7. FEUTRED. Featured. See Dodsley, i. 92. Narcs is puzzled with this word, although it is not unusual. " Fewters of his face," Ro- meus and Juliet, p. 5". FEVER. (1) A perple.\ity. Var. dial. (2) A blacksmith. {A.-N.) FEVEREFOX. The feverfew. See a Ust of plants in MS. Sloane 5, f. 5. FEVEREL. February. (^.-A'.) Here is now another wondyr; In Fevptel when thou heris ihondur, It betokynthe riche men liggyng low, And a guile 3eic after tosowe. MS. Cantab. Ff. v. 48, f . 8. FEVERERE. February. {A,.N.) And Phebus chare neyeth to Aquarle, His watry bemis tofore Veverere. Lydgate, MS. Sin: Jntiq. 134, f. 20. FEVER-LURDEN. The disease of idleness. This curious phrase, wliich occurs in Lydgate, is still current in the West of England. " You havethe fever-lurgan,"you are too lazvtowork. FEVEROUS. Feverish. (Imi-er. FEW. (1) To change. North. (2) A number, or quantity ; a little ; as, a few pottage, &c. I'ar. dial. (3) Flew. Perf. from fy. Chesh. FEWILLER. A person who supplies fuel for fires. Nominale MS. FEWMETS. The dung of the deer. Also called fnrmishinijs. Twici, p. 22. FEWTE. (I) Fealty. Hawkins, i. 95. (2) Track ; vestige. Prompt. I'arv. FEWTERER. In hunting or coursing, the man who held the dogs in slijis or couples, and loosed them ; a dog-keeper. FEWTERLOCKS. Fetlocks of n horse. FEWTRILS. Little things; trifies. Lane. FEY. (1) The upper soil. Staff. Also, to cast it off, or rem^ive it. (2) To discbarge blood. \ort/i. (3) To do anything cleverly. Lane. (4) To cleanse out. I'ar. dial. (5) To injure; to mutilate. Line. (C) Fated to die ; dead. (J.-S.) The Romaynes for radnesse nischte to the erthe. Fore ferdnesse of hys face, as they /fy were. Morte Arlhure, US. Lincoln, t. M. FEYE. Faith ; belief. (^...V.) Dame, he seyde, be my /eyt, I schallc the nevyr bewrye. MS. Canlab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 13B. FEYER. A person who cleans anything out, as ditches, &c. East. FEYFFE. Five. Ritson's Robin Hood, i. 88. FEYFUL. Fatal; deadlv. (A..S.) FEYING. Rubbish; refuse. North. FEYLO. A companion. H'el/er. FEYNE. To dissemble ; to flatter. {A.-N.) And eek my fere is wel tlie lasse That non eiU'yschal compasse. Without a resonabie wite, To/eyne and blame that I write. Gower, MS. Bodl. 294, f. 1. For they constreyne Thcr hertes to /eyne. 3f.«. Cantab. Ff. i. 6. f. -15. FEY'NG. Received. Hearne. FEYRE. Fair ; fine ; clean. Afet/re cloth on the borde he leyd. Into the boure he made a brayde. MS. Cantab. Ff. v. iS, f. 40. FEYS. Fees ; property. {A.-S.) I have castels and rychecytees, Erode londys and rycheyif]/*. MS. Cantab. VS. li. 38, f. \m. FEYT. (1) Faith. Ritson. (2) A deed ; a bad action. Salop. (3) To tight. Il'est. We have feyiyvge in Wright's Monastic Letters, p. 198. FEZZON. To seize on, generally ajiplied to the actions of a greedv, ravenous eater. North. FE3E. To fight ; to quarrel. {A.-S.) Fl. A term of disgust and reproach, originally applied to anything that stunk. The word is still in use in Lincolnshire for \he penis. FIANCE. To atfiance; to betroth. {Fr.) FIANTS. The dung of the boar, wolf, fox, marten, or badger. .'V hunting term. FIAUNCE. Trust ; belief. (A.-N.) In hym was hys fyrtu-m-t. MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 78. FIAZEN. Faces. Dorset. FlULE. A small stick used to stir oatmeal in making jiottage. Yoris/i. FIBLE-FABLE. Nonsense. Cui-. dial. FICCHES. The pip in chickens. Line. FICHE. To fix ; to fasten. " The frckc/c/ierfc in the tlc^^obe," MS. Morte Arlhure. FICHI-NT. See Fiyenl. FKIIKUE. A fisher. Nominale MS. FICIIET. A stoat. Salop. Viehasejiehetcex in Piers Ploughman, p. 4G8. FK HMANGER. A fishmonger. Goiter. FICICION. A physician. Ilr/xr. FICK. To kick ; to slnigglc. Yorksh. FICKELTOW. The fore-tackle or carnage which sup|)orts the iiloiigh-beani. Norf. FICO. A fig ; a term of rejiroach, or con- tempt, often accompanied »ilb n sniip of the FIK 356 FIL finger or with putting the thumb into the mouth. See Fig (l). Behold, next I see Contempt marching forth, giving mee the fico with this thombe in his mouth. IVita Miterin, 1596. FID. A small thick lump. Soulh. FIDDLE. To scratch. East. FIDDLEDEDEE. Nonsense. Var. dial. FIDDLER'S-F.\RE. Meat, drink, and money. FIDDLESTICKS-END. Nonsense. North. FIDE. Faith. {Lat.) FIDEL. A fidcUe. Chaucer. FID-FAD. A trifle, or trifier. Var. dial. FIDGE. To fidget ; to sprawl. North. FIE. Same as Fay, q. v. Fie, predestined, still in use in Northumberland. See Sir Degrevant, 755. FIE-COUN. Dross-corn. Suffolk. FIELD. A ploughed field, as distinguished from grass or pasture. West. FIELDISH. Rural. Harrington. FIELD-WHORE. A very common whore. FIELDWORT. Gentian. Gerard. FIERCE. Sudden; precipitate; brisk; lively. Still in use. Fyerge, Brit. Bilil. i. 472. FIERS. Proud; fierce. {A.-N.) FIEST. Lirida. See Fise. FIFERS. Fibres of wood, &c. East. FIFLEF. The herb quinguefoUum. FIG. (I) Same as Fico, q. v. "Give them the fig," England's Helicon, p. 209. Not care a fig, i. e. not care at all. See Florio, p. 2-19, ed. ICIl. Still in use. (2) To apply ginger to a horse to make him carry a fine tail. Var. dial. (3) A raisin. Somerset. (4) To fidget about. The term occurs in .\ Quest of Enquirie,4to.Lond. 1595; Cotgrave, in v. Fretilleur. FIGENT. Fidgety; restless; busy; indus- trious. See Beaumont and Fletcher, iii. 185, 512. Fichent occurs in the Cohler of Can- terbury, 1590, p. 72. FIGER-TREE. A fig-tree. Scott. FIGGED-PUDDING. A raisin or plum pud- ding. JVest. Called also Afiggity-pudding. FIGHTING-COCKS. Theheadsof rib-grass, with which boys play by fencing with them. East. FIGHTS. Cloth and canvass formerly used in a sea-fight to hinder the men being seen by the enemy. Sliak. FIGO. Same as Fico, q. v. FIG-SUE. A mess made of ale boiled with fine wheaten bread and figs, usually eaten on Good-Friday. Cumb. FIGURATE. Figured; tipyfied. Palsgrave. FIGURE. Price ; value. Var. dial. FiGURE-FLINGER. An astrologer. See Tay- lor's No Mercurius Aulicus, 4to. 1644. FIGURETTO. A figured silk. {Ital.} FIKE. (1) A fig. Nominale MS. (2) To be very fidgety ; to move in an imcon- slant, undeterminate manner; to go about idly. North. See Richard Coer de Lion, 4749. (3) A sore place on the foot. Line. FIKEL. Deceitful ; crafty. (.-J.-S.) FILACE. A file, or thread, on which the re- cords of the courts of justice were strung. FILANDER. The back-worm in hawks. Spelt fylaundres by Berners. FILANDS. Tracts of unenclosed arable lands. East. FILDE. A field. Perev, p. 3. FILDMAN. A rustic. Nominale MS. FILDORE. Goldthread. (^.-A';) FILE. (1) To defile. Still in use. He has forsede hir and fylede. And cho es fay levede. MS. Morte Ai-tliure, {. 63. (2) List ; catalogue ; number. Shoi. (3) To polish, applied to language, &c. See Harrison's Britaine, p. 26. (4) A term of contempt for a worthless person, a coward, &c. An odd fellow is still termed " a rum old file." Sory he was that fals file. And thoujte mon to bigyle. Cursor Muiidi, MS. Cull. Trin. Cantab, f.5. Sorful bicom that {a]sjile. And thoght how he moght m.in bi-wille. Ibid. MS. Cotl. Fetpat. A. iii. f. 5. (5) A girl, or woman. {A.-N.) For to rage wyth yIka/(//e, Ther thenlvetti hym but lytyl whyle. MS. Harl. 1701, f. 30. FILEINIE. Wickedness. Gower. FILEWORT. The plant small cudweed. FILGHE. To follow. MS. Cott. Vesp. D. vii. FILL. (1) A field, or meadow. Essex. (2) To fill drink, to pour any beverage into a glass or cup for drinking. (3) The plant restharrow. Gerard. FILL-BELLS. The chain-tugs to the collar of a cart-horse, by which he draws. East. FILL-DIKE. The month of February. FILLER. The shaft-horse. Hence, figuratively, to go behind, to draw back. FILLY. To foal, as a mare. Florio. FILLY-TAILS. Long white clouds. North. FILOURE. A steel for sharpening knives or razors. See Pr. Parv. p. 160. In the Boke of Curtasye, p. 19, the term is applied to a rod on which ciu'tains are hung. FILOZELLO. Flowered silk. {Ital.) FILSTAR. A pestle and mortar. Line. FILTCHMAN. A beggar's staff, or truncheon, formerly carried by the upright man. See the Fraternitye of Vacabondes, 1575. FILTEREDE. Entangled. North. His fax and his foretoppe was filterede togeders. And owte of his face fome ane halfe fote large. Morte Arthui-e, MS. Lincoln, f. 64. FILTH. A sluttish person. West. FILTHEDE. Filthiness. {A.-S.) But for to delyte here in folye. In Itie filthede of foule lecherye. MS. Addit. 11305. f. 96. FILTHISII. Filthy ; impure. Hall. FILTHY. Covered with weeds. West. FILTRY. Filth : rubbish. Somerset. FILYHAXD. Following. MS. Cott. Vesp. D. vii FIN 357 FIR FIMASHINGS. In hunting, the dung of any kind of wild beasts. Ileriiers. FIMBLE. (1) A wattled chimney, fl'est. (2) To fumble ; to do anything imperfectly. Var. dial. It occuis in the Schoole of Good Manners, 1629. (3) Thistle, or female-hemp. East. See Tus- ser's Husbandrv, pp. 153, 172. FIN. (1) To find ;'to feel ; to end. Cumi. (2) The herb restharrow. Midi. C. (31 A finger. Var. dial. (4) The broad part of a plough-share. FIN.\UNCE. Fine ; forfeiture. Percy. FINCH. To pull afnch, to cheat any one out of money. Chaucer. FINCH-BACKED. White on the back, appHed to cattle. North. FINCHED. Finished. Will. Werw. FIND. (1 ) To supply ; to supply with provisions. Still in common use. (2) To stand sponsor to a child. West. (3) To find one with the manner, to discover one in the act of doing anytliing. (4) A fiend. Lijdi/ate. FINDESTOW. Wilt thou find. {J.-S.) FINDINGS. Inventions. MS. Ps. Cott. FINE. (1) To end; to finish. (.-/.-iV.) And Icte the stremis of thy mercy schyne Into my breste, the thrltlile book to///?ie. I.jidgiite, MS. Sue. Aniiq. 134, f. 8. And he shall rcgne in evety wightes sight In the Iiouse of Jacobbe eternally by lyne. Whose kyngdome ever sluill laste, and never frjne. Ls/dgale, HIS. Ashmule 39, f. 20. And aftlrwarde the jere fynendCt The god hath made of hire an ende. Gucccr, us. Soc. Antii). 134. f. 7). Flesshe ete never of al and alle. He /y/jed never on (Jod to calle. Cursor Muiiiii. MS. CiU,e, .VS. LiiicoU; !. IS. FLAM-NEW. Quite new. Cormv. FLAMPOYNTES. Pork pies, seasoned with cheese and sugar. A common dish in early cookery. Sec Warner, p. GO. FLAN. Broad and large. North. FLANCANTERKIN. The white rot. Som. FL.\NCARDES. Coverim;s for a horse's flanks. See Hall, Henry IV. f. 12. FLANCII. A projection. North. PLANE. Toflav. (,/.-S.) FLANG. (1) Flung ; rushed, treber. (2) To slam a door. Suffolk. FLANGE. To project out. I'ar. dial. FLANKER. A spark of fire. H'esl. " Flankes of fier," Holinshed, Chronicles of Ireland, p. 148. See Devon. Dial. For who can hide tht: Jianckring flame. That still llsflfe betrayes ? Turbecile't Ovid, 1567, f. 83. FLANN. Shallow. Cumb. PLANNED. Shallow. Cravoi. FLANNEN. Flannel, far. dial. FLANTUM. A flantum-flathernm piebald dill. i. c. a woman fantastically dressed with various colours. Grose. FLAP. (1) A stroke, or touch. " .\ flap with a FLA 360 FLA fo\-taile," riorio, p. 137. Hence, an affliction of any kimi. East. Also, to strike or beat. See Howell's Les. Sect. i. And thane Alexander sett hym up in his bedd, and gaffe hymeselfe a grtte jiiippe on tlie cheke, and bygane for to wepe ri3te bitterly. MS. Lincoln A. i. l7, f- 48. Alle theflescheof the flanke he flappea in sondyre. 3JS. Mnrle .-Irthure, f. 82. (2) To flap a froize, to turn it in the pan without touching it. East. (3) A piece of anything flapping to and fro on a line or point, as a fly-flap to drive flies away. See .Vomenclator, "p. 251; Tarlton, p. 120; Randolph's Jealous Lovers, 1646, p. 23; Cocke Lorelles Bote, p. 2. (4) An unsteady woman. Durh. FLAP-DOCK. Foxglove. Beron. FLAPDOODLE. The stuff fools are said to be nourished on. West. FL.\P-DR.\GON. A small substance, such as a plum or candle-end, set afloat in a cup of spirits, and when set on fire, to be snatched by the mouth and swallowed. This was a com- mon amusement in former times, but is now nearly obsolete. Flap-drayon was also a cant term for the lues venerea. FLAP.JACK. (1) The lapwing. Siiffolk. (2) A pancake. " Dousets and flappjacks," King and a Poore Northerne Xlan, 1640. The term is appUed in Norfolk to an apple turnover. Jennings says, " a fried cake made of batter, apples, &c." (3) .A flat thin joint of meat. East. FLAPPERS. Young birds just enabled to try their wings before they fly. East. FLAPPE-S.AWCE. A term of reproach, formed similarly io flapdoodle .q. v. Nowe bathe this glutton, i. i\\\& fiappe-satcce, the Ihyng that he may plentuously swallowe downe hole. PaUgrave'a Aatlastua, 1540. FLAPPY. Wild ; unsteady. North. FL.\PS. Large broad mushrooms. East. FLAPSE. To speak impertinently. Also, an impudent fellow. Beds. FLAPSY. Flabby. Beds. FLARE. (1) To flare up, to be very angry all of a sudden. Var. dial. (2) Fat round a pig's kidney. West. (3) Saliva. Somerset. FLARING. Showy; gaudy. Xorth. FLARNECK. To flaunt vulgarly. East. FLARRANCE. A bustle ; a great hurry. Notf. FLASH. (1) To make a flash, i. e. to let boats aown through a lock. West. It is a common term for a pool. See Flosche. (2) A perriwig. North. (3) To rise up. " The sea flashed up unto his legs and knees," HoUnshed, Hist. England, p. 181. See Palsgrave's Acolastus, 1540. (4) To trim a hedge. East. (5) To cut a flash, to make a great show for a short time. (6) A sheaf of arrows. Skinner. FLASHES. The hot stages of a fever. South FLASHY. Gay ; showy. Also, loose, unstable, as unsound grass ; insipid. FLASHER. To flutter; to quiver. North. WUbraham says, " to choke, or stifle." FL.\SKET. A clothes-basket. Also, a shallow wasbing-tub. Var. dial. FLASKIN. Same as Botth (1). Yorksh. FL.\T. (1) Sorrowfid ; out of spirits; hea\7 ; without business. Var. dial. (2) A hollow in a field. Glouc. .\ny very smooth level place. Anciently, a field. (3) Entirely. Dent's Pathway, p. 138. (4) A blow, or stroke. " Swiche a flat," Arthour and MerUn, p. 182. FLAT-BACK. A common knife. North. FL.AT-CAPS. A nick-name for the citizens, de- rived from their dress. See Amends for Ladies, p. 62. It was a general term of derision. FLATCH. To flatter. North. FLATCHET. The stomach. Devon. FLAT-FISH. Flounders, &c. South. See a list oiflat.fish in Harrison, p. 224. FL.\TH. Filth ; dirt ; ordure. West. FLATHE. The ray, or scale. Pr. Parr. FLAT-IRON. A lieater-shaped iron without a box. Var. dial. FLATIVE. Flatulent. Anc. Dram. FL.\TLING. Flat. To strike flatting, to strike with the broad flat side of anything. See Florio, p. 137 ; Morte d' Arthur, i. 294 ; Tern- pest, ii. 1 ; Bourne's Inventions or Devises, 1578, No. 32. " Flat pece, patera," MS. Arund. 249, f. 89. And to hys chaumbur can he gone. And leyde hym Jlallyng on the grounde. MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 99. FLATLINS. Plainly ; peremptory. North. FL.\T-MILK. Skimmed milk. Line. FLATOUR. A flatterer. {A.-'K.) FLAT-RHAN. Stratas of coal. Staff. FLATS. Small white fresh-water fish, as roach, &c. Suffolk. FLAT-STONE. A measure of iron-stone. FLATTEN. To strike, or slap. {A.-N.) FL.ATTER-DOCK. Pond weed. Chesh. FLAUGII. Flew; fled. Ritson. FLAUGHTER. (1) Tofrighten. Yorksh. (2) Thin turf turned up. North. FLAUMPEYNS. .A dish in ancient cookery composed of pork, figs, eggs, pepper, saflron, salt, white sugar, &c. See h'lampoyntes. FLAUN. A custard, generally made in raised paste. North. The term is common in an- cient receipts, but it was made in various ways; and a kind of pancake was so called. Nettle- ham feast at Easter is called the Flown, pos- sibly from flauns having been formerly eaten at that period of the year. FLAUNTS. Fineries. Shak. FLAUT. A roll of wool carded ready for spinning. North. FLAVER. Froth, or foam. Line. FLAW. A violent storm of wind. See Brome's Travels, 1700, p. 241 ; Florio, p. 132. Hence, metaphoricallv, a quarrel. FLE ; Ibid, f. 21, FLITER. A scold. North. FLITTEN. To remove a horse into fresh jias- ture. Orfordsh. " Leave her on a ley, and lett the At\iflitt her," a Line, proverb. FLITTER. To hang, or droop. Line. FLITTERING. (1) Floating. Chaucer. (2) Showery ; sleety. Dorset. FLITTER-MOUSE. See Flinder-mouse. FLITTERS. (1) Pieces; rags. Somerset. Also, to scatter in pieces, as in Morte d' Arthur, i. 137, " itflytteryd al abrode." (2) Small pancakes. South. FLITTING. Removal. " To Bethleem thair flitting made," MS. Cott. Vespas. A. iii. FLIX. (i) The flux. Tusser, p. 29. (2) The fur of a hare. Kent. FLIZ. A splinter, or shiver. Hence, to fly oft' ; to make a noise. North. FLIZZEN. To laugh sarcastically. North. FLIZZOMS. Flying particles ; small fragments ; sediment of liquor. East. FLO. (1) An arrow. Chaucer. (2) Flay ; flea. Rilson. FLOiVf. (1) To irrigate land. West. Also, to pare off the sward. (2) Chid, or scolded. Yorksh. (3) Flow ; flood. Langtoft. (4) A kind of raft. North. FLOAT-GRASS. Grass growing in swampy ground. Devon. Dean Milles MS. It is the gramen fluviatile in Gerard, p. 13. FLOATING. Hemorrhage. Somerset. FLOATING-SHOVEL. A shovel used for cut- ting turf. Salop. FLO.iTS. The frames of wood that hang over the sides of a waggon. East. FLOATSOME. Timber accidentally carried away by a flood. West. FLOAT-WHEY. Curds made from whey, much used in Northumberland. FLOATY. Rank and tall, as grass. Devon. FLOCCIPENDED. Made no account of; set no value by. {Lat.) See Hall, Henry VII. f. 40. FLOCK. A hurdle. Devon. FLOCKET. A loose garment with large sleeves. Skelton, ii. 160. It is spelt ftokkard in the Howard Household Books, 1844, p. 522. FLOCKLY. In an ambush. Hall. rLOCK.MEL. In a flock. (^A.-S.) FLOCK-POWDER. A kind of powder, formerly put on cloth. FLOCKS. Refuse ; sediment ; down. Also, in- ferior wool. Yar. dial. FLOCKY. Over-ripe ; woolly. Suffolk. FLODDERED. Covered ; adorned. Line. FLODDER-UP. To overflow; to stop up awater- course. Craven. FLODE. Abounded. Skinner. FLOGGED. Tired ; exhausted. Oxon. FLOISTERING. Skittish; boyish. West. FLOITS. Disorder. Yorksh. FLOITY. A flag thick at one end and small at the other. North. FLOKE-MOWTHEDE. Having a month like a flounder. See Flewke. Thow wenes for to flay us, floke-mowthede schrewe. Morte Aythttre , MS. Lincoln, f, 81. FLOKYNGLYCHE. In flocks. It is the gloss oigregatim in MS. Egerton 829, f. 94. FLOMAX. Untidy. Warw. FLOME. A river. Lyb.Disconus,2I2. FLONE. Arrows. {.i.-S.) " Thoner flone," Ughtning, Towneley Myst. p. 92. She bare a home about hir halce. And unduT hir gyrdiHe mony fionne. MS. Cantab. Ft. v. 48. FLOOD. A heavy rain. Devon. FLOOD-MARK. The mark which the sea at the highest tide makes on the shore. Anderson. FLOOK. See Fleuks and Fleivke. FLOOR-BANK. A bank with a ditch, and the same on both sides. East. FLOP. (1) Plump; flat. Var. dial. (2) A mass of thin mud. Dorset. (3) To outspread. Northamptonsh. (4) The scrotum. Somerset. FLOPPER. An under-petticoat. Comw. FLOPPER-MOUTHED. Blubber-lipped. Lane. FLORCHYT. Flourishes. Reliq. Antiq. ii. 166. FLORE. Flower. Sir Tristrem. FLORENCE. Florins, formerly worth about 3.y. Ad. apiece. Isumbras, 295, 555. FLORENTINE. A kind of pie. Sometimes, a custard made in paste. FLORESCHEDE. Ornamented ; adorned. Hys feete vtare flm-eschede alle in fyne sabylle, Morte Arthwe, MS. Line. t. CI. FLORREY. A blue dje. See Cunningham's Revels Accounts, pp. 39, 57, flurry. FLORSCHARE. A decorator. Pr. Parv. FLORTH. A floor, or roof. Palsgrave. FLOSCHE. A pit, or pool. See Flash (1). Laverd, thou led mi saule fra helle, Thou keped me fra that in Jloscfte felle. MS. Cott. I'etpas. D. vii. f. 18. FLOSCULET. A parterre. {Lat.) FLOSH. To spill ; to splash. South. Hence F'losh-hole, a hole which receives the waste water from a mill-pond. See Flosche. FLOSSY. A slattern. Craven. FLOSTER. To be very gay. Devon. FLOTAGES. Things accidentally floating on seas or rivers. Blount. FLOTE. (1) Water. Shak. The term was also applied to dew in co. Surrey. (2) Grieved. Sir .\madace, xjtxvi. 6. FLOTED. Flooded; watery. When you come toTwyford, thejioted meadowes there are all white with little flowers, which 1 be- lieve are lady-smocks. Aubrei/3 mils, MS. Ro'jal .^oc p. 123. FLOTEN. Removed ; distant. Oawai/ne. FLOTERAND. Floating. {A.-S.} Flotlerede, floated, Kyng Horn, 129. A bedd y fond there floterand, \nd yn ytt a knijt liggande. Gwi/ of Warwick, MS. Cantab. FLOTE S. Rough-made river boats, formerly used on the Severn. FLU 365 PLU FLOTHERY. Slovenly, but attempting to be fine and ahowj'. North. FLOTHRE. Flakes of snow. Mo saulen tholielh there sucche wowe. Thane be Jiotfire in the snowe. MS. Coll. Je«. Oion. 28. FLOTIS. The foam or froth of anything boil- ing, &c. (J.-S.) FLOTSAM. Gooiis floating on the sea after a shipwreck. See Howell, 1660, sect. vi. ; Cot- grave, in V. Flo. FLOTTE. To flow. Chaucer. FLOTTEN-MILK. Same as Flet-mitte, q.v. PLOUGH. (1) A flea. Chesh. (2) Cold ; windy ; bleak. North. FLOUGHTER. To frighten. North. FLOUNDAB. A flounder. Suffolk. FLOUNT. To strut about gaily or gaudily dressed, far. dial. FLOUR. (1) Soft thread or silk hanging loosely, such as is put on a tassel. (2) Flower. {A.-N.) FLOURELES. Without flower. Chaucer. FLOURETTE. A small flower. {A.-N.) FLOURISH. A blossom. North. FLOURON. A border of flower-work. {A.-N.) FLUKE. (1) Waste cotton. Lane. (2) A lock of hair. Salop. This is from More's MS. Additions to Ray. (3) A flounder. See Flewke. Flatt mowlhede ^ajluke, with fleryanae lyppys. Siorle Anhiire, MS, Lincoln, f. G«. FLUM. (1) Deceit. Var. dial. (2) Same as Flome, q. v. FLUMBARDYNG. A fiery character. Hit is an hardy fiumf^ardyng. Wis and war in alle thyng. Kit'f! .^lisaunder, 17B8. FLUMMERY. (1) Nonsense. Var. dial. (2) Oatmeal boiled iu water till it is thick and gelatinous. North. Flummery -hulls, the skin of oats prepared for making flummery. According to Markham's English Housewife, the term in his time was iieculiar to Cheshire and Lancashire, and generally eaten with honey, although some used wine, ale, or milk. Blanc-mange is also called flummery. FLUMMOCK. A sloven. Ileref. FLUMMOX. To overcome, frighten, bewilder, foil, disappoint, or mystify. Also, to maul, or mangle. Var. dial. FLOUT. (1) A truss, or bundle. Warw. (2) A boy's whistle. Somerset. FLOUTERSOME. Frolicksome. North. FLOW. WUd ; imtractable. North. FLOWCH. A tenn of reproach. Hye Way to the Spyttell Hous, n. d. FLOWER. To froth, or foam. (A.-N.) FLOWERS. You are as welcome as Flowers in May, i. e. very welcome. Var. dial. FLOWERY. Florid ; handsome. North. FLOWISH. Immodest. North. FLOWT. The flood, or water. {A.-S.) And at a window cast him owt, Rijt into Tcm^n fioivt. MS. Cantab. Ff. v. 48, f. 106. FLOWTE. A flute. Pr. Pan. FLOWTING. Carding wool to spin in the mix- ture. North. FLOYGENE. A kind of ship. Spelt /oyne in Octovian, \iiib ; fleyne, 1671- Thcr wcte flo!/gritr4 on (lote and farsles manye, Cokkes and karekkcs y-castelled alle. Jf .S. Coll. Calif.'. A. ii. f. 1 1 1 . FLOYTE. .-V flute. Lydyate. Chaucer has jliiytiny, playing on the flute. FLU. Pale and sickly. Kent. FLUBSY-FACED. I'limip-faced. North. FLUCE. To flounce, or plunge. Naren. FLUCK. Same as Flewke, i\. v. FLUE. (1) Same as /•'/««, ami Doul (1). (2) Shallow. Eant Aiu/lia. (3) Bed-room downy refuse. Var. dial. Also, the nap or down of anything. (4) The coping of a gable or cud wall of a house, &.C. East. FLUK-FULL. Urimfid. Yorksh. FLUFF. Same as Flue (3). FLUGGAN. A coarse fat woman. North. FLUISII. Washy; tender; weak. Also, light in morals. North. Out of FLUMP. Flat. Also, to fall down heavily ; a heavy fall. Var. dial. PLUNDER. To be irregular. " Flundring fame," Nash's Pierce Penilesse, 1592. FLUNG. Deceived ; beaten. North. FLUNIE. A river. W. Mapcs, p. 347 FLUNTER. To be in a great hurry. flunter, unwell. Lane. FLURCII. A great quantity. North. FLURE. Flory ; floured. Gawayne. FLURED. Rtjflled. Yorksh. FLUREN. Made of flour. " Fluren cakes," Wright's Purgatory, p. 55. FLURICHEN. To flourish. {A.-N.) FLURING. A brood. North. FLURN. To sneer at; to despise. Line. FLURRY. A confusion. Var. dial. FLURT. (I) To snap the fingers derisively. Hence, any satirical action or speech. See Florio, p. i)8 ; Tlioms' Anecdotes and Tradi- tions, p. 24. (2) To chide or scold. Yorksh. (.'5) A fool. Somerset. FLURT-GILLIAN. See Flirt. FLURTS. A light woman, .\orth. FLURT-SILK. A kind of figured silk, mentioned in the Bookcof Rates, 1598. FLU S 1 1 . ( 1 ) Feat biTcil. IVanp. (2) A great number. Var. dial. Hence, prodigal, wastefid, full. (3) Even ; on n level. Var. dial. (4) Same as Flosh. q. v. Also, an increase of water in a river. (5) The hot stage of a fever. South. Also, hot and heavy, applied to the weather or atmo- sphere. (6) To hop. as a bird. Jlroime. (7) A band of cards all "f a sort. The modern meaning, and >o e\plaiiieil by Dycc ii. 348. Cf Cotgrave, in v. i'/ii-i Ski-llon. riierc was. FNA 366 FOG however, a game of cards so called. See Flo- rio, p. 190. (8) In good condition, especially with regard to worldly circumstances. It corresponds to the first sense in the phrase good feather. Shake- speare has the terra, and it occurs in Lusty Juventus, p. 14-4 ; King Leir, p. 419. FLUSK. To fly out ; to quarrel. North. FLUSKER. To be confused, or giddy ; to fly irregularly. North. FLUSTE. Flushed ; pushed. Ritson. FLUSTER. A great hurry, caused generally by a sudden surprise. I'ar. dial. FLUSTERATION. See Fluster. FLUSTERED. Half tipsv. Kemiett. FLUSTERGATED. Blustering. /. TTight FLUSTRATE. To frighten ; to be in a great confusion. Var. dial. FLUTTER. A litter. Glouc. FLUTTERGRUB. A field labourer. South. FLUX. To strike with the wings. /. Wight. FLUXIVE. Flowing with moisture. Shai. FLUZZED. Bruised ; blunted. North. FLY. (1) A familiar spirit, attendant upon a witch or astrologer. An old cant term. (2) To shun, or avoid anj-thing. To fly away, to frighten away. To fly asunder, to crack. A hawk is said to fly on head, when she mistakes her proper game ; to fly on gross, when she flies at great birds ; and to fly at the brook, when she goes after water-fowl. To fly in one's face, to get into a passion with him. FLYABOSTIC. Outrageously showy, as in dress. Somerset. FLT-BY-NIGHT. A worthless person, who gets into debt, and runs ofli', leaving the house empty. North. FLY-C.4P. A pretty kind of cap, much worn about A. D. 1760. FLYCCHE. To separate. 3yf thou madeste ever any wyche Thurghe whycchecraft wedlak iojiycche. MS. Harl. 1701, f. 12. FLY-CL.\PPER. A clapper to drive away flies. Also called a flii-flap. FLY-DOD. The' herb ragwort. Chesh. FLYER. To fleer. This form is found in Me- riton, and Chester Plays, ii. 51. FLY-FLAP. See Fly-clapper. FLY-FOOT. A village game of leaping over one another's backs. / ar. dial. FLY-GOLDING. A ladv-bird. Sussex. FLYNE. To fly. (A.-S.) Ther I3 no wilde foule that vtiWeflyne, But I am sicurhira to hittyne. MS. Cantah. Ff. v. 43, f. 49. FLYT^GE. To proceed very rapidly. See Tor- rent of Portugal, pp. 17, 81. FLYTE. To fly. Have my hors and let me bee, Y am lothe to fiyte. MS. Cantab. Vt. ii. 38, f. 79. FLY-TIME. Summer. Suffolk. FNASTE. To breathe hard. {.'I.-S.) Hwan Grim hira havede faate bounden, And &ithen in an eld cloth wnden, A kevel of clutes ful unwraste, That he [ne] raouthe speke r\e fnaste, Hwere he wolde him here or lede. Havehk, 54& FO. (1) Few. Somerset. Lordynges thyr ar y-now of tho, of gentylmen thyr are but/i.. MS. Hurl. 1701, f. 58. (2) A foe. (A.-S.) Havelok, 1363, 2849. FOAL. An assistant to the putters in a coal mine. North. FOAL-FOOT. The herb colt's-foot. North. FOAL-KELL. The amnion. North. FOAP. To comb back. Devon. FOB. Froth, or foam. South. FOBBED. Disappointed. North. FOBBLE. Quadruple. Yorksh. FOBEDAYS. Holydays. Ozell. FOBS. Same as Dubs, n.v. FOCER. A coff'er, or chest. Palsgrave. FOCHE. To fetch. Towneley Myst. p. 60. FODDENED. Fed. Nominale MS. FODDER. To mutter. Somerset. FODDERING-GROUND. A grass enclosure for feeding cattle. Jf'est. FODDYNG. A division. (A.-S.) See Kyng Alisaunder, 48. The Bodl. MS. has shedynges. FODE. (1) This term is found in early writers, especially in the old metrical romances, in the sense of man, woman, girl, or boy. Few ex- pressions are more commonly met with than frelyfode, i. e. nobly fed, or a well-bred per- son. " To wedd thys frely fode," Sir Egla- mour, 1254. (2) To fode out with words, to keep in attention and expectation, to deceive. The phrase oc- curs in Skelton, Harrington, &c. FODER. A burthen ; a fother. (.4.-S.) FODGE. A small bundle. Glouc. FODYNGE. A nourishing. Pr. Parv. FOE. To fall. Lane. FOEMAN. A foe. This occurs in many writers, but is now obsolete. FOG. (1) The second crop of grass, or aftermath. Forl)y applies the term to long grass left through the winter for early spring feed, which suits the conte.iit in the passages where the word occurs in Drayton. Blount, in v. Fogage, says, " fog, or feg, rank grass not eaten in summer ;" and it is explained in the Yorkshire Dialogue, 1697, p. 98, " fresh grass that comes after mowing." (2) Moss. North. (3) To hunt in a servile manner ; to flatter for gain. Dekker. (4) To take cattle out of pastures in the autumn. Craven. FOG AN. A kind of cake. Comw. FOGEY. An eccentric old man. Var.dial. FOGGER. (1) A huckster. Suffolk. (2) A groom, or man-servant. Wilts. (3) A cheat. See Florio, p. 54. FOGGY. (1) Stupid; very dull. Var.dial. (2) Fat ; bloated ; having hanging flesh. " Some three chind foggie dame," Dolarny's Prime- rose, 4to. Lond. 1606. FOL 36/ FOL Whereas I was wonte to be blobbe-cheked or haVB foggv chekes that shaked as I went, they be nowe shronke up, or iJrawen together. Patsffyavt's Amlattus, 1540. (3) Coarse, rank, as grass. North. FOGH. Fallow ground. Chesh. FOGHELE. A fowl, or bird. It occurs in MS. Cott. Vespas. D. vii. Ps. 8. FOGO. A stench. Var. dial. FOGORNER. One who expels people from their dwellings. Noniinale MS. FOIL. (1) To soil ; to dirty ; to sully. Foylide, defiled, Gesta Kom. p. 120. Also, to traniple. To rttn the foil, a phrase in bunting, used when game runs over the same track a second time in order to puzzle or elude the hounds. The foil is the track of the deer. Gent. Rec. ii. 76. See Diet. Rust, in v. (2) A blunt sword used in fencing. Toput to the foil, sometimes used for, to put to the sword. HoUnshed, Chron. Ireland, p. 170. (3) The back of a looking-glass. This term is used by Bourne in MS. Lansd. 121. FOILES. Leaves. (.4.-N.) FOIN. (1) To push, in fencing. (Fr.) (2) Foes. Troil. and Creseide, i. 1002. FOING-OUT. A brawl. Cumb. FOINS. Fur made of polecats' skins. Foyns, Piers Ploughman, p. -108. FOISON. (1) Plenty ; abundance. {A.-N.) (2) The natural juice or moisture of the grass or other herbs; the heart and strength of it. Suffolk. Kennett, MS. Lansd. 1033. FOIST. (1) A toad-stool. Suffolk. (2) To smell musty. Var. dial. (3) A barge or pinnace, often used for merchan- dise. " Foyst, a bote lyke a gallye," Palsgrave. It must have been a vessel drawing little water, for Grafton mentions a )ierson wading in the water to bis foist, and then sailing off. Baret calls it, " a light and swift shippe." (4) A cut-purse. " He that picks the pocket is called a foist," Uckker's Bclnian of London, 1608. See Woman is a Weathercock, iv. 2. Foists, juggling tricks, frauds, Ben Jonson, iii. 264 ; " a foist or jugling trick," Howell's Lex. Tet. 1660. FOISTER. A pick-pocket. " A cozener, a conycatcber, afoister," Florio, p. 54. FOISTING-IIOUND. A kind of lapdog. See Nares, and Ben Jonson, iii. 204. FOKY. Bloated ; imsound ; soft and woolly ; nearly rotten. Erut. FOL. Foolish. H'eher. FOLABILITE. Follv. SMton. FOLD. Folded. Will, and Werw. p. 32. FOLDE. (1) A farm-yard. Var. dial. (2) The world ; earth ; ground. (A.-S.) See Minot'a Poems, p. 35; Towneley Myst. p. 245 ; Le Bone Florence of Rome, 342 ; Will, and Werwolf, p. 193. (3) A bundle of straw. North. (4) Infoldr, in number. " W:tb robes in foldc," Sir Perceval, 32. (5) To coutract ; to fail. Yf he were never so bolde a knjrghte. Of that worme when he had a syghtc, Hys herte began to fotde. MS. Oinlab. Pf. il. 38, f. 67. The kyng harde how Befyce tolde. For hym hys herte can folde. MS. Ibid. f. I<«. (6) To embrace. For his bonde we may not breke. His ownc worde iind we wil holde. Til deth cum that alle shalle wreke, And us alle in clay to /oMc. MS. CaMab. Ff. V. 48, f. 6C. (7) To grant; to accord; to jdight. FOLDEROL. Nonsense. Var. dial. FOLD-GARTII. A farm-vard. North. FOLDING-GATES. Gates which open in the centre. Nominale MS. FOLDING-STOOL. A portable seat made to fold up like a camp-stool. FOLD-PRITCH. A heavy pointed iron to pierce ground for hurdles. Fast. FOLE. Foul; dirty. That alle the fllthe of the freke and fcic of the guttes Foloes his fttie fotte whene he furihe rydcs. Morte Arthure, MS. Liiicotn, f. H2. FOLED. Foolish. Nominale MS. Wondir thought me ncvir more Thanne me dyd of a /olpd knight. MS. Hart. 2252, f. <«. FOLEHARDINESS. Rashness. (.^.-A'.) FOLE-LARGE. Foolishly Hberal. Chaucer. FOLELY. Foolishly ; stupidly. (^.-A'.) Uiiwyscis the f.idir, .SaKimon sciii also, That for hym^eirc.innot restreyne his hand, But by hys lyf depart /o/e/y his land. MS iMuil. 416. f. 47. They will be owttraycdc anone. are undronc rynges, Thus/,*/i7y one a feUle to fyghte with us alle. Morle Aithure, MS. Lirimin, f. Kl. FOLESFOTII. Ground m: It is left unex- plained in Arch. xxx. 407. FOLETT. A foolish fellow. Pr. Parv. FOLHT. Baptism. (.-/.-S.) FOLIO. In folio, in abundance ; in full folio, in full dress. FOLK. (1) Family. Var. dial. (2) Men collectively ; people. (A.-S.) In Mauu- devile, p. 117, it corresponds to Gentiles. FOLK-MOTE. An assembly. See HoUnshed, Chron. Ireland, p. 93. FOLLAUT. Foolishness. (A.-N.) FOLLER. A flat circular piece of wood used in pressing a cheese when the curd is not Eulti- cient to fill the vat. North. FOLLOW. To court ; to pay addresses. To follow one's nose, to go straight forward. FOLLOWER. One who courts. Var. dial. FOLLOWERS. Lean store cattle or sheep, which follow Ibe tatting bullocks. Norf. FOLLOWING-TI.ME. A wet season, when showers follow successivelv. Fa.vt. F0LL0W-.\IY-LEA1)ER. A child's game. FOLLY. Any ridiculous building, not answer- ing its intended purpose. Var. dial. FOLOWEI). Same as Folul, t). v. FOLOYDDYN. Foll.iwed. Tun.lale, p. 30. FOLTE. A fool. Prompt. Parr. FOLTFD. FooUsh ; silly. See Pr. Parv. p. 109 FON 363 FOO Fendes crepte tho ymages withinne, And lad folted men to synne. Cursor Mundi, 3IS. Cull. Trin. Cantab. 1. 15. Shrewes mysdede hym ful ofte, And helde bjm foited or wode. MS. Harl. \701, f. 39. FOLTISH. Foolish. See Ashmole's Theat. Chem. Brit. 1652, p. 401 ; Lydgate's Minor Poems, pp. 81, 166. FOLTRYE. Foolishness. Pr. Pan. FOLUD. Followed. {A..S.) Into a halle sothly she went, Thomas ffilud at hir hande. MS. Cantab. Ff. V. 48, f. 66. FOLUT. Baptised. " Folut in a fontestone," Anturs of Arther, p. 9. FOLWERE. A foUower. {A.-S.) FOLY. Foolish. Perceval, 1572. FOLYLY'CIIE. Foolishly. A clerk Vn:^ fulytyche dyspendyth The godys thathys fadyr hym jeveth or sendyth. MS. Hart. 1701, f. 8. FOLY^M.\RE. .\ young foal. This term occurs in MS. Coll. Jes. Oxon. 28. F0L5E. To foUoiT ; to succeed. {A.-S.) FOilARD. A polecat. Aorth. FOMAUNDE. Foaming. Flltyrde unfrely wyth/c»maMnrfe lyppez, Morle ytrthute, MS. Lwcotn, {. 61. FOMBLITUDE. A weak comparison. FOME. Smoke ; foam ; scum. East. FOMEREL. See Femerel, and Pr. Parv. p. 169. FO-XION. An enemy. (A.-S.) FON. (1) Found. North. Tow-neleyMyst. p. 40. (2) Foes. Rob. Glouc. Chron. p. 1. (3) To be foolish, or fond; to make foolish. Also, a foolish person. Fon, fooUsh, Gesta Romanorum, p. 196. FON'CE. Cunning; knowing. Line. FOND. (1) Stupid; foolish; simple; half silly; fearful ; timid ; weak ; idle ; improfitable. North. A very common archaism. (2) Luscious ; fulsome ; disagreeably sweet in taste or smell. East. FONDE. (1) To try; to meet with; to receive; to tempt ; to inquire. (.-l.-S.) See Kyng Horn, 157 ; Chaueer, Cant. T. 4767. (2) Found ; discovered. (A.-S.) (3) To doat upon ; to fondle. FONDENE. Found. Perceval, 519, 1902. FONDLING. An idiot ; one of a servile syco- phantic nature. North. FONDLY. FooUshly. North. See A Mad World, my Masters, p. 343. FONDNESS. Foolishness ; foUv. FOND-PLOUGH. The fool-plough, q. v. North. FONDRED. Forced. Hearne's Langtoft, p. 574. Perhaps an error for sondred. FONDYNG. A trial. {A.-S.) Andof oure gyltys graunt us repentaunce. And strencky th us to stcnde in alle fondyng. MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 13. Y seyde hyt for no velanye, But for a (ondynge. MS. Ibid. f. 72. FONE. (1) Few. Minot's Poems, p. 7. (2) A fool. Chester Plays, i. 190. (3) Foes, It is used as the singular in Thynne's DebatCf reprint, p. 25. 3e, than seyd the rewle-stone, Mayster hath many fone. MS. Mhmole 61. FONEL. A funnel. Pr. Parv. For here us wanteth no vessel, Bolle, ny boket, ny no /one/. Cursor Mundi, MS. Colt. Trin. Cantab, f. 21. FONGE. To take; to take hold of. (A.-S.) Fonger, MS. Cott. Vespas. D. vii. He /ongede faste on the feleyghes, and fayled his armes. Mt/rte Arthure. MS. Lincoln, f. 88. FONK. Vapom" ; smoke. Heame. FONNE. To be foolish. {A.-S.) Tharefore it es gude that thou lefe thi fanned purposse, and wende hame agayne and sett the in thi moderknee. MS Lincoln A. 1. 17, f. 7. FONNELL. .\ dish in ancient cookery, made of lamb and sweets. FONNES. Devises. Skinner. FONNISH. FooUsh. Palsgrave. FONRYS. A furnace .= Arch. xi. 438. FONT-STONE. A font. (A.-S.) FOOAZ. To level the surface of a fleece of wool with shears. North. FOOCH. To put in ; to shove. Deron. FOODY. Fertile ; full of grass. North. FOO-GOAD. A plajthing. Lane. FOOL. To fool np, to practise any folly to a ridiculous excess. FOOL-BEGGED. Absurd. Shak. FOOLEN. A narrow strip of land between the embankment of a river and the ditch on the land side. Suffolk. FOOL-HAPPY. Fortunate. Spenser. FOOL-PLOUGH. A pageant which consists in a number of sword-dancers dragging a plough, attended with music, and persons grotesquely dressed. Still in vogue in the North of Eng- land. See Brand and Brockett. FOOLS'-PAR.\DISE. To bring one into a fools' paradise, i. e. to make a fool of him, to make him beheve anvthing. See Cotgrave, in T. Embabouin^ ; Florio, p. 215 ; Hardyng, Suppl. f. 96 ; HoUnshed, Chron. Ireland, p. 97 ; Hall, Richard III. f. 24. Of trust of this arte riseth joyes nice. For lewde hope is fooles Parodice. Ashmole's Theat. Cham. Brit. 1652, p. 28. All put to use, and yet none us'd at all ; .\ Gne /wis paradise I may it calL Dicine Glimpses of a Maiden Muse, 1659, p. 18. FOOR. (1) A furrow. North. (2) A ford over a river. Yorksh. (3) A stro»ig scent or odour. Line. FOORZBS. Same asBeP(>r (1). East. FOOSEN. Generosity. North. FOOT. The burden of a song. " Fote, or re- pete of a dittye or verse, whiche is often re- peted," Huloet, 1552. Also, to dance. Still in use. FOOT-ALE. A fine of beer paid by aworkman on entering a new place. FOOT-BOAT. A boat used solely for conveying foot passengers. West. FOOT-BROAD. The breadth of a foot. FOR 369 FOR FOOT-CLOTHS. Housings of cloth hung on horses, generally considered a mark of dignity or state. Foot-cloth-hone, a horse so orna- mented. FOOTER. (1) To idle. Also, a lazy, idle, worth- less fellow. South, (2) A kick at a foot-ball. Var. dial. FOOTE-SAUNTE. A game at cards, mentioned in the Schoole of Abuse, 1579. FOOT-HEDGE. Same as Beard-hcchje, q. v. Ojcon. FOOTING. Same as Foot-ale, q. v. FOOTINGS. The first courses in the foundation of a building. Var. dial. FOOTING-TIME. The time when a lying-in woman gets up, ^'orf. FOOT-MAIDEN. A waiting maid. It is the gloss of pedissequa in MS. Egcr. 829, f. 91. FOOTMAN. A foot-sohlier. JIall. FOOT-MANTLE. An outer garment of the pet- ticoat kind tied about the hips. Strutt, ii. 170.26". It is mentioned by Chaucer. FOOTMEN. Thin shoes ; dancing pumps. FOOT-PACE. The raised floor at the upper end of a dining-hall. The term was also applied to a landing-place on a staircase, and a hearth- stone. FOOT-PLOUGII. Qu. WIicii tiid wheel ploughes come into use? I think but about 1(5.10. They serve best in stony land. Fre Of a man that hym forswore. .VS. Harl. 17(11, f. 18. Folylyche certeyn Eroud swore. And yn dede weyl werse he /ore. MS. Ibid. f. 19. (3) Faring, or going. Weber. (4) A ford through a river. North. (5) Before. Still in use. Having to the fore, having anything forthcoming. (6) A furrow. Prompt. Parv. FOREBIT. The herb devil's-bit. Cotgrave. Cierard hasforebitten more. FOREDALE. The pudding of a cow towards the throat. Salop. FORE-DAYS. Towards noon. O.ro7i. Towards evening. Northumb. The last is more con- sistent with its obvious A.-S. derivation. FORE-ELDERS. Ancestors. North. It oc- curs in Holinshed, Hist. England, i. 5. FORE-END. The eariy or fore part of any- thing. Still in common use. FORE-FAMILY. The ancestors of a family. East. FOREFEND. To forbid, or prevent. Shai. It occurs also in Skelton, i. 261. FOREFENG. The first seizure or taking of a tiling. West. FOR 371 A projection of fat upon the FOK fORE-FLANK. ribs of a slicej). North. FORE-FLAl". Bands. IVeher. FORE-FRONT. Tlie forehead. Palsgrave. FOREGANGER. One who goes before. Wharfore I liald thecse grete mysdoers, Als alilfcrjste lymnies anil hys furrgangeri. Hamp'lf. lUS. Bouea, p. 127- FOREHAMMER. The large hammer wliich strikes first, or before the smaller ones. FOREHAND-SHAFT. An arrow specially formed for shooting straight forward. S/iai. FOREHEAD. Same as Kar/h-rUlge, q. v. FOREHEAD-CLOTH. A bandage formerlj used bv ladies to prevent wrinkles. FOREllEET. (1) Forethought. Aorth. (2) To forbid. Kennett. It is explained pre- deterrtiine in Yorkshire Dial. 1097, p. 83, and Hallanish. Gloss, p. 111. FOREHENT. Seized before-hand. Spemer. FOREllEVEDE. The forehead. Perceval, 495. F'ro the forehevede unto the too, A better schapene myphtc none goo. MS. J.i;i™j>i A. i. 17. f-l>7. FORE-HORSE. The foremost horse in a team. South. FOREIGNER. A stranger; one of another neighbourhood, or county. East. FOREINE. (1) A Jakes, or, sometimes, cess-pool. Legcnde of Ariadne, 77. Tyrwhitt doubts this explanation, but it is confirmed by a pas- sage in Rob. Glouc. p. 310, and a gloss, in MS. Harl. 1701, f. 43. It seems to mean a drain in a document quoted in Pr. Parv. p. 58. (2) A stranger ; a foreigner. As a fiireyixe, tliorow his cnielle myjte, By tyrannyeand no tltille of ryjte. LyifB""' •"■''• *'■• ^tnt't. 134, f. 19. FORELL. A bag, sack, or purse, (ia^) FOREl.ONG. Same as Foolcn, q. v. FORELOW. Slanting ; very low. East. FORE-LYTENEDE. Decreased ; lightened. We hafe .K losels liffjde many lonRedaye, Wyth delyttes in this land with lordchipez many, And fire-lyKiiede the loos that we are lajtlede. Morte Arthure, MS. Liiicottij f. i»6. FOREMAN. An ancestor. R. de lirunne. FOREMEN. Geese. An old cant term. FORE.MEST. Eariiest. Maundevile, p. 303. FORE-M ILK. The first milk drawn from a cow after calving, North. FORENENST. Opposite to ; over against ; to- wards. North. fORENESS. A promontory. Skinner. FORE-PAST. Past by. Palsgrave. FOREI'lUZE. Towarm; toexccpt; tocxclude. An old law term. FORE. HEAD. A preface. Itowlands. FORE-RIGHT. (1) Straight -forward ; blunt and bold ; violent ; obstinate ; headstrong j abrupt : simj)lc ; foolish. South. (2) The coarsest sort of whcaten bread. Pol- whele's Prov. Gloss. FORESAY. To foretell, or decree. Shai. FORE-SET. Previously ordained. See the Misfortunes o' Arthur, p. 37. FORESH APEN. Ill-shaped ; unnaturally or de- fectively formed ; transformed. For-shopte, unmade. Piers Ploughman, p. 365 ; forshapyn, Towntley Mvsi. p. 115. FORESHIP. Tlie forecastle of a ship. Richard Coer de Lion, 2018. FORESHOUTS. The double ropes which fasten the main-sail of a ship. Pakgrave. FORESIGN. Divination. Florio. FORESLACK. To relax, or render slack; to neglect ; to delay. Spenser. FORESLOW. To delay ; to loiter ; to slacken. " His journeys {o fore-slow," Drayton, p. 35. " Forslow no time," Marlowe, ;i. 50. FORESPEAK. To bewitch. See Florio, p. 24 ; Hallamshire Gloss, p. Ill ; Towncley Myst. p. 115. " To brinye tlie vitch to one that is bewitched or forspoken ; put five Spanish needles into an egge through the shell, and seeth it in the uryue of one tliat is bewitched, and whvlc it is se'ethinge, the witch w ill come without doubt," MS. Bodl. e Mus. 243. An- brey says that in Herefordshire they used to make part of the yoke for oxen of withy to prevent their being forespoken. Sec his MS. Nat. Hist. Wilts, p. 12. Shakespeare uses it in the sense to forbid, and it occurs with that meaning in the Ghost of Richard 111. p. 8. It means to predict in Harrington's Nuga; Antiq. ii. 5. FORE-SPUR. The fore-leg of pork. West. FORESTEAD. A ford. Craven. FORESTER-OF-TliE-FEE. A person who had for some service to the crown a perpetual right of hunting in a forest on paying to the crown a certain rent for the same. The in- scription on the tomb of Junkin Wyrall, at Newland, co. Glou. of the 15th centun', de- scribes him as Forster of Fee. See Twici, ]). 64. Fosters of Ihefe, Percy's Rcliques, p. 45. FOREST-WIUTES. A kind of cloths, men- tioned in carlv statutes. Strutt, ii. 79. FORE-SUMMERS. A kind of platform pro- jecting over the shafts of a cart. Fast. FORET. Forth. Frere and the lioy, ix. FOKETE. The forehead. Nominale MS. FORE-TOKEN. A warning. To loke yf he him woldc amende. To him a fore-token he sende. GoK'w, MS. .Soi-. Anlii/. 134, f. Sii. FORETOP. The forehead. " Fronti.spiciiim, a fortope," Nominale MS. It is ar/ualium in Pr. Parv. |). 173, which Ducange explains gumma pars capitis. " His fax and his fore- toppe," MS. Morte .\rthurc, f. 04. See Lyd- gate's Minor Poems, )i. 115; Octovian, 933 ; Skelton, ii. 201. lien Jonson, ii. 95, uses the term for an erect tufl of hair on the head, a sense still current in Sutlblk. Moor, ]>. 132. FORE-TORE. Tore in pieces. As I had j)ri)fi8ed before, For madneshe hlmselfe/biit-fors. US. Aihmolt SOi. FORE-WARDEN. Destroyed ; undone. North. FOKEWAHK. To indiinnify. Somerset. rORE-\\'ASTED. Masted aw ay ; destroyed. Pari, FOR 372 FOR See FORE-WATCH. To watch incessantly Puttenham, ap. Warton's Hist. iii. 59. FORE-WAY. A high road. North. FORE-WETING. Foreknowledge. (A.-S.) FOR-FAGHTE. Having fought excessively. Syr Befyse was so wery for-faghte. That of hys lyfe roghte he noghto. MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. .T8, f. 106. FORFAITE. To misdo ; to offend. [A.-N.) FOR-FARE. To go to ruin ; to perish ; to fare ill. Sometimes for the part. pa. For he ys caste in soche a care. But yehymhelpe, he wylle/'ir-Zar*?. MS. Omtnb. Ff. ii. 38, f. 63. He was black as any pyche. And lothely on to loke ; Alle far-faren wyth the fyre, Stynkand alle of smoke. MS. Ibid. f. 5i. But as it were a man ft>y-fnret Unto the wode y gan to fare. Golfer, MS. Soc. Antiq. 1,H, f. 38. Fro hir fere she stale hir barn. And leide hircn there that was for-fant. Cursor Miijidi, MS. Cull. Triii. Cantab, f. 54. FORFEITS. The " forfeits in a barber's shop," mentioned l)y Shakespeare, still exist in some villages. They are penalties for handling the razors, &c., and were certainly more necessary in Shakespeare's time, when the barber was also a surgeon. When the article Barler was written, I had not observed the remarks of Forby and Moor on this subject, wliich con- firm Warburton's explanation. FOR-FERED. Terrified. Perceval, 911. FOR-FLYTTE. Scorned ; scolded. ]Veber. FOR-FOGHTEN. Tired with fighting. See Morte d' Arthur, i. 76; Gy of Warwike, p. 326. See For-fac/h/e. Moradas viA^for-foghtyn and for-bledd, Therfore he was nevyr so sore adredd. MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 79. FOR-FOR. Wherefore. Heame. FOR-FRETEN. To eat to pieces. {A.-S.) Me thoghte scho cryede whenne scho was so ar- rayede, als me thoghte that alle the werlde myghte hafe herde hir; and the littille hounde and Ihecalt for'frettR kl sondir hir legges and hir annes. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 253. FOR-FRORN. Frozen. Caxlon. FOR-GABBEN To mock. {A.-N.) FORGAIT. The start. North. FORGATHER. To meet ; to encounter. North. FORGE. To invent. Hence forgethe, inven- tive, used by Shakespeare, 2 Hen. IV. iv. 3. FORGETILSCHIP. Forgetfulness. Hearne. FOR-GIFTE. Forgiveness. (^A.-S.) FOR-GIME. To transgress. Roulands. FORGIVE. To begin to thaw. East. FOR-GLUTTEN. To devour, or swallow up. {A.-S.') Piers Ploughman, p. 178. FOR-GO. To spare ; to omit ; to lose. See Ipomvdon, 1428. Also, to forsake. FOR-GOER. One who goes before. (A.-S.) FOR-GRAITHED. Quite prepared. {A.-S.) See MS. Cott. Vespas. D. vii. Ps. 32. FOR-GROWEN. Overgrown. See Arch. xxi. 89 i St. Brandan, p. 52 ; Leg. Cath. p. 160. FOR-GULTEN. Recompensed. {A.-S.) See the Harrowing of Hell, p. 25, ed. 1840. FOR-HEDID. Beheaded. Kvng Alls. 1366. FOR-HELE. To conceal. (.V.-S.) V beseche ;ow, on ray blessyng. That je fur-hele fro me no thyng. MS. Hail. 170], f. 13. FOR-HEWE. To despise. (W.-N.) The sextc thynge and the laste of thase I firste towchede es the sevene hevede or dedly synnes that like a mane or womane awe for to knawe to flee and /or-hetce. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17. f. 217. FOR-HILER. A protector. For-hiling, pro- tection. MS. Cott. Vespas. D. vii. FORHIXDER. To prevent. East. FOR-HOLE. Concealed. See Sevyn Sages, 250, 251 ; Gy of Warwike, p. 217 ; Wright's Anec. Lit. p. 8 ; Arch. xxx. 368. Hyt may no lenger he for-lmlne, Falsly wurschyp have y stolne. MS. Harl. 1701, f. 21 FOR-HORYD. Very hoary, or grey. And seyde to Harrowde, as he rode, Thou olde and /or.horpd man. MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 220. FOR-HUXGRED. Quite famished. {A.-S.) FOR-J L'GED. Wrongfullv judged. FOR-JUSTE. To just with at a tournament. See Morte d'.\rthur, ii. 11, 35. GyavJntis for-juitetie withgentille knyghtes, Thorowe gesserawntes of jene jaggede to the herte. Morte .Irthuie, MS. Lincoln, f. 84. FORK. The lower half of the body. The haunch of a deer was called afork. FOR-KARF. Cut in two. " knifor-karf how and lyre," Lybeaus Disconus, 1325. FORK-DUST. 'The dust made in grinding forks. Sheffield. FORKED. (1) A term apphed to the horns of deer, when there are only two projections about the sur-royal. Twici, p. 36. (2) The fourchure. Devon. FORKED-CAP. The mitre. Barclay. FORKELYD. Wrinkled with age. FOR-KERVE. To carve, or cut through. {A.-S.) FORKIN-ROBIN. An earwig. North. FORKS. (1) The gallows. "On hie on the forckis," Depos. Ric. II. p. 8. (2) Parcels of wood. Lane. FOR-LADEN. Overladen. See Golding's Ovid, ap. Warton's Hist. Engl. Poet. iii. 332. FOR-LAFE. Left off entirely. For-laft, dis- missed, Wright's Pol. Songs, p. 340. FOR-LAINE. Rechased. Skinner. FOR-LANCYNG. Cutting off. Gawayne. FOR-LATYNE. To leave desolate. (a.-S.) FOR-LAYNE. Lain with. (^.-5.) I have an othe swore That y for-laiin schall be no more, Thogh y schulde therfore lose my lyfe. But yf y were a weddyd wyfe. MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 117- Another knyght, so mote y spedc. Gat the chylde syth thou yede. And hath the quene/or-Zoyne. MS. Ibid. f. 72. Now wate I wcle it es he That base the for-layne. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f- 137- FOR 373 FOR FOR-LEDE. To mislead. (y/.-S.) Sir Liincclott salle never laughe, that with the kyug lengez, That I sulde lette my waye for-lede appone erthe. Morte Arthure, MS. Lincoln f. 71' FOR-LEND. To give up. Spenser. FOR-LESE. To lose entirely. (.-/.-.S.) SeeGy of Wanvike, p. U ; Kyn;; Horn, 605 ; Ueliq. Antiq. i. 262 ; Arch. xxx. iOi. FOR-LETE. To abandon ; to quit ; to lose ; to forsake, or neglect. See Kyng Horn, 224 ; Langtoft, p. 196 ; MS. Cott. Vespas. D. \ii. Ps. 9, 21 ; Gy of Warwike, p. 144. Hwenne the feondes heoin for-letirth, Snaken and neddren heom towreleth. US. Cull. JM. Ojon. 29. Hyt myjt hym so to ryet gele, That alle hys lernyng he schulde/i/r-Irfe. MS.Camab. Ff. ii 38, f. 12?. They use their hond lest they shulii forgete. That all ther lyf after they cannot/'.rWe/e. ilS. Laud. 41fi. f. 61. FOR-LITHE. To force, or ravish. {A.-S.) FOR-LORE. Utterly lost. (A.-S.) Thi travaylc shal nnt he fftr-loye, Thou knowis wel my iiianere. its. Caiilab. Ff. V. 48, f . .12. FOR-LORN. Worthless; reprobate; aban- doned. East. Shakespeare has it in the sense of thin, diminutive, 2 Hen. IV. iii. 2. Forlorn-hope, a party of soldiers sent before an army to skirmish with the enemy. FORLOYNE. In hunting, a chase in which some of the hounds have tailed, and the biints- nian is a-head of some, and following olljers. It may also be explained, when a hound go- ing before the rest of the cry, meets chase, and goes away with it. See Twici, p. 16 ; Gent. Rec. ii. 79. rOR-LUKE. Providence. See Sir Amadas, Weber, p. 258, and Robson, p. 40, wrongly explained by both editors. Uot it come of a gentilncs of oure awenne hert fownded in vcrtu of thee victories also whilkc the for-luke of Godd hase sent us, ere we na Ihyiig cn- priddedc. SIS. Lm.;,t„ ,\. i. 17, f. I?. FOR-LY. To overlay and kill a child, as a nurse or mother sometimes docs accidentally. It also has the sense olfntuo. FOR.M. The scat of a hare. Ilcnee, to squat down as a hare. FOR.MAL. Sober ; in one's right senses ; in a right form, or usual shajjc. Shai. FORMALLY'. In a certain form. FORMAR. First ; highest. Skeilon. FOKMAST. Earliest ; foremost. (A.-S.) See Le Bone Florence of Rome, 375. He was furste herde and fee dalt with, Tubaleaine the furmast smyth. Curinr Munm, MS. Coll. THn. Canlab. f. 10. FORMAT. To bespeak a thing. North. FORMAYLLE. The female hawk. The term is also apiilicd to the females of other birds. Fawkone nc/oniifii/llt! appone fistc handille, Ne jitt with gufefawcone rejoysc me in erthe. Slorlt! Arllium, MS. Lincoln, t. 95. FORME. (1) First ; former. (^.-.S.) (2) To teach ; to instruct ; to inform. FORMELLICIIE. Formally. Chaucer. FORMER. (1) First. Middleton, v. 520. (2) A gouge. Also, an instrument for holding tlitferent pieces of a table together. " For- mour, or grublyng yron," Palsgrave. (3) The Creator." Coventry Mvst. p. 159. FORMKRWARDE. The vanguard. IVeier. FORMFADERES. Fore-fathers. {A.-S.) FORMICA. A disease in hawks. FORMOSITY. Form; beauty. Tliis word occurs in the Cyprian Academy, 1047, p. 8. FORMOUS. Beautiful ; fair. {Lot.) FORM-PIECES. An old term for the stones forming the tracery of windows. FORN. Before. Gy of Warwike, p. 3. FORNE. (1) Foam. 'Paki/rare. (2) For. Ritson's Gloss, to Met. Rom. (3) The first, former, or fore. Pr. Pare. FORNESSE. A furnace. Palayrave. FOR-NIGH. Very near. North. FOR-NOUGHT. Easily, lleartie. FORNPECKLES. Freckles. Lane. FOR-OLDED. Worn out with age. South. It occurs in Lydgate. FORORU. Furred. " Forord wele and with gold fret," Ritson, i. 47. rOR-Oirn.N'. without. Gawayne. FOROWS. Furrows. {A.-S.) He stroke the stetie wyth the spurrys, He spared nottier ruRge nor/oiow*. MS. Caiitub. Ff. ii. 38, f. 167. FOR-PINCHED. Pinched to pieces. {A.-S.) See M' right's Pol. Songs, p. 337. FOR-PINED. Pined or starved to death; wasted away ; niggardly. {A.-S.) See Piers Ploughman, p. 126; Chaucer, Cant. T. 205, 1455 ; Fairy Queeue, III. x. 57. FOR-POSSID. Poised, or weighed. And thus he gan in sundry tlumjtcs wyndc, As in ballaunce/or-po«Ai(/ up and doiin. Ll/dgale, MS. .'!or. .Intiq. 134, f. i. FOR-PREST. Prcst down ; fallen down. FORRAI). Forward, far. dial. FOK-RAKYI). Overdone with walking. See Townelcv .\Ivsterics, p. 105. FORRAYSE. To foray, or lay waste. He felies forcstez Mv, forrat/se thi landez. Morlg Arthure, MS. Lincoln, f. 66. FORRED. Debilitated. {A.-S.) FORREL. The cover of a Imok ; the border of a handkerchief. Jl'esl. It occurs in many early writers in the first sense. FORREOUR. A scout, or forager. {A.-N.) For- rydars, .\irival of King Edward IV. p. 8. Ferkes on a frusche, and freaclyche nskryes To fyghte wltli oure fortroui/t that one felde hovis. Morte Arthurg, MS. Lincoln, f. 84. FOR-S.VKE. To leave ; to omit ; to desist from ; to refuse, or deny. {.'i.-S.) FOR-SCAPTE. Driven out of; banished from. See the Chester Plavs, i. 44. FOR-SCIIOP. Transformed. (A.-S.) And lilm, as sehe whit-he was goddesse, For-xchop anoric, and (lie llknessc Sche made liim inV.vn of an hcrte. Oowcr, US. Sac. Anilq. IS4, f. 4« FOR 3-4 FOR FOR-SCYPPERS. Those who skipped over the Psahns in chanting. ReUq. Antiq. i. 90. FOR-SE. To neglect ; to despise. See MS. Cott. Vespas. D. vii. Ps. 10. It is spelt /or-s«/A in the same MS. Ps. 21. FORSELY. Strong ; powerful. The fifle was a faire mane thane fele of thies other, A forsels/ mane and a ferse, with fomand lippis. Morli' Arthure, MS. Li/i.Wn, f. 88. FOR-SETTE. To shut ; to close in. (.V.-S.) He has the cet6/or-se« appone sere halfez. Morte Artlture, MS. Lincoln, f. 74. FOR-SHRONKE. Shrunk up. Chaucer. FOR-SLEUTIIE. To lose through sloth ; to he spoilt from lying idle. {A.-S.) FORSLOCKOND. Done over. " For-slockmd with ale," Rehq. Antiq. i. 84. FOR-SLONGEN. Swallowed up; devoured. See Reynard the Foxe, p. 10. FOR-SLYNGRED. Beat severely. Ibid. p. 18. FORSNES. Strength. Gawaijtie. FOR-SNEYE. To do evil sUly. {A.-S.) Forthy, yf eny man /m-siiei/e Thorow hem, they ben not excusable. Gower, MS. Sue. .-tntiq. 154, f. 4o. FOR-SODE. Forsooth ; truly. Weber. FOR-SONGEN. Tired with singing. (^.-5.) FOR-SPENT. Worn away. Spemer. FORSPREAK. An advocate. Phillips. FOR-SPREDE. To spread, or extend. MS. Cott. A'espas. D. vii. Ps. 35. FORST. Frost. Still in use. FOR-STALLE. To hinder, stop, or forestall. (A.-S.) See Piers Ploughman, p. 68. FORSTER. A forester. {A.-N.) 3et 1 rede that thou fande Than any /oyster in this land An arow for to drawe. MS. Cantab. Ff. v. 48, f.5n. FOR-STORMID. Beaten by storms. (A.-S.) The schip whiche on the wawis renneth, And is for-sloj-mid and for-blowe, Is nonjt more peyned for a throw. Gotver, MS. Sue. Antiq. 134, f. 61. FOR-STRAUGHT. Distracted. (A.-S.) FOR-SWAT. Covered mth sweat. See Wright's Pol. Songs, p. 158 ; Brit. Bibl. iii. 14. FOR-SWELTE. Killed. Kyng Alls. 7559. FOR-SWEREN. To perjure', or swear falsely. FOR-SWONK. Tired with labour. " Al'be for-swonk and for-swat," England's HeUcon, 1614, ap. Brit. Bibl. p. 14. FORSY'. To stuff, or season, any dish. See a receipt in Forme of Cury, p. 104. FORT. (1) Tipsy. Percy. (2) Before. See the Sevyn Sages, 239. (3) Strong ; powerful. Kvng Alisaunder, 7710. (4) Till ; luitil. St. Brand,-m, p. 1. FOR-TAXED. Wrongly taxed. (A.-S.) FORTE. A form of/o/->A? Sehe thonjtc that ther was suche one, .^Ue was forte and overpou. Gomel-, MS. Soc. Antiq. 134, f. 107. FOR-TEACH. To unteach. Spenser. FORTELACE. A fortress. (A..X.) FORTE R. To thrash corn, .\orth. FORTEYN. (1) To happen ; to receive. (A.-N.) And jit for all hys grete honour, Hymselfe noble kyng Arthour Hath Jortej/nd syche a chans. MS.Ashmole6\, f.Cl. (2) To prosper. (.V.-A'.) The my mayster spend never so faste, I-nouje he schjU have at the laste, May foi-tepn as mych as ever shall he, That drynke never peny to that he dyje. Nugte Poeticte, p. 16. FORTH. (1) Out of temper. Devon. (2) Thenceforth ; because ; forwards. (A.-S.) (3) To distrust ; to despair. Uower. (4) Theft. Skinner's Etym. Angl. 1671. FOR-TIIAN. Therefore; on this account. (A.-S.) See EUis, ii. 28. In use in the North, accord- ing to Ray and Grose. FOR-THAT. Because. A common phrase. See Sir Isumbras, 489 ; Hunter's lUust. Shak. i. 290. FORTH-BY. Forward bv. (.4.-S.) FORTHE. (1) A ford. MS. Egerton 829, f. 87. (2) To forward, or l)ring forward. (A.-S.) FORTHE-DAYES. The close of the day. See l-'ore-dai/s, and Sir Perceval, 825. FORTHE-'GATE. a journey. (A.-S.) FORTHELY. Readily. Langtoft, p. 160. FORTHER. To further ; to advance. (A.-S.) FOUTHER-FETE. The fore-feet. Rifson. FORTHERLY. Forward ; eaily. North. FORTH-HELDE. To hold forth; to retain. (A.-S.) FOR-THI. Therefore ; because. (A.-S.) Thou shal be servyd er thou goo, For-thy make glad chere. US. Cuntab. Ff. V. 48, f. 52. FORTHINK. To suspect ; to foresee. East. FOR-THINKE. To grieve ; to vex ; to able, or repent. •' Who so comyth late to his in, shall erly for-thynke," MS. Douce 52. Still in use in Cheshire. See Wilbraham, p. 41. Bot thow arte fay, be my faythe, and that me for. thi/nkkt/s. Morte A'tfiure, MS. Lincoln, f. G3. FORTHIRMASTE. The furthermost ; the most distant. " The forthirmaste was freely," MS. Morte jVrthure, f. 88. FORTH-ON. In continuation ; for an indefi- nite period. / 'ar. dial. FOR-THOUGHT. Grieved; repented. Used as a substantive in Cheshire. (A.-S.) FORTH-RIGHT. A straight, or direct path. See Tempest, iii. 3 ; Tro. and Cr. iii. 3. FORTIIWAR. Forthwith. (A.-S.) FORTH-WARDE. Forward. Perceval, 1038. FORTH-WERPE. To cast forth; to reject. See MS. Cott. Vespas. D. vii. Ps. 16. FORTH-WORD. A bargain. Apol. Loll. p. 52. FOR-THY. Same as For-fhi, q. v. FORTHY'. Forward ; pert. Cornw. FORTITUDE. An old astrological term for a favorable planet. FORT-MAYiNE. Main force. (A.-N.) FOR-TO. Till ; until. Jl'eier. FOR-TORNE. Torn up ; rooted up. (A.-S.) FOR-TREDE. To tread down. (A.-S.) See MS. Cott. Vespas. D. vii. Ps. 7. FOR 375 FOU FORTRESSE. To make strong ; to fortiTy. FORTUIT. Accidental. (^.-A'.) FORTUNE. To make fortunate ; to p\e good or bad fortune. Also, to happen, as in Top- sell's Beasts, p. 278 ; liobson's Jests, ]). 29, fortune my t'oe, one of the most popular early ballad tunes, is so often referred to that it deserves a brief notice. A copy of the ballad is preserved in Bagford's collection in the British Museum, and the air has been published by Mr. Chappell, 1H40. See further in the notes to Kind-Harts Dreamc, p. CI. FORTUNOUS. Fortunate. Wilh mighty strokes cuur,ige and chevalrous. He waone the feltie in bdlcli /■»lu'ii>us. Hardyng'a Chronicle, t. 12. FOR-UNGRID. Faint with hunger. " For- ungrid sore," Wright's Seven S.iges, p. 34. FOR-WAKED. Having been long awake. See Sir Perceval, 1879. FOR-WANDRED. Having long wandered; worn out with wandering. {yL-S.) FOR-WANYE. To spoil. (J.-S.) FORWARD. (1) Half tipsy. Var. dial. (2) An agreement, or covenant ; a promise. (J.-S.) See Bevcs of Hamtoun, p. 140 ; MS. Cott. Vespas. D. vii. Ps. 15 ; Chester Plays, i. 56 ; Gy of Wanvike, p. 342 ; Sir Araadas,'683. (3) Destruction. (/-l.-S.) It occurs in .MS. Cott. Vespas. D. vii. Ps. 9. FOR- WAT. So that ; provided. Ileame. FOR-WAYE. To go out of the way. (A.-S.) FORWE. A furrow. " The knigbt fel ded in a forwe,'* Arthour and Merlin, p. 129. FOR-WEARIED. Worn out. Pal.sfp-ape. FORWEEND. Humoursome ; difficult to please. Somerset. Perhaps from the old word for- weyned, badly weaned, Dci)os. R. II. FOR-WELKED. Much wrinkled. {A..S.) FOR-WEPT. Having much wept ; quite worn out with weeping. Chaucer. FOR-WHY. Wherefore. Var. dial. FORWIT. Prescience; forethought; antici- pation. Piers Ploughman, p. 87. FOR-WONDRED. Much wondred at; very strange. {.l.-S.) Langtoft, p. 37. FOR-WORN. Much worn. Spemer. FOR-WORTH. To perish. (.-l.-S.) See an in- stance in MS. Cott. Vespas. 1). vii. Ps. 1. FOR-WOUNDEI). Much wounded. Chaucer. F0R-WRAPP1:D. Wrapped up. C/iaucer. FOR-WR(J(iHT. Over-worked. (.-l.-S.) t'ttr-iryhfilit wit hilt hak and spad, Of himself he wcx al sad. MS. Coll. l'e.;Kis. A. ill. f. (I. FOR-WYTTYNG. Reproach. Ctuton. FOR-YAF. Forgave. A'(7.von. FOR-YAT. Forgot. Auchiideck MS. For-t/ede, Troilus and Creseide, ii. 1.130; foryete, Chaucer, Cant. T. 1884 ; fnr.i/etten, Rom. Rose, 4838 ifur-^utc, St. Brandan, p. 26. FOR-Y'ELDE. To repay ; to requite ; to reward. See Kyng Alisauuder, 362 ; Piers Ploughman, pp. 133, 2.'>7. For-yeldvini/, rewarii, recom- pense, MS. Cott. Vespas. D. vii. Ps. 27. Farewelle now, my dere maystyr. And Gud hyt yow /or.^i/lde. .MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 58. FORYTT. A ferret. Nominale .MS. F0R-5ETYLLE. Forgetful. Pr. Pare. F0R-50DE. Lost ; forgot ; omitted. And therfore whennc scho fuv-^wie hyme, sclio fur'-^udf. aNo alle otlier gude with hyme, and ther- fore was scho thaue in wedowcdc. .V.V. Lincoln A. I. 17, f. IM. FOSAR. Same as Forcer, q. v. FOSOUN. Confidence; ability, tlearne. FOSS. A waterfall. Craven. FOSSET. A faucet. Hawkins, iii. 349. Also a chest, the same as Forcer, q. v. FOSSICK. A troublesome person. Hence also fo^siking, troublesome. U'arw, FOSSPLE. The impression of a horse's foot on soft ground. Cumb. FOSTAL. A paddock to a large house, or a way leading thereto. Sussex. FOSTALE. The track of a hare. FOSTER. A forester. (./.-A'.) See Syr Trya- mouie, 1087; Robin Hood, i. 65. To a hirte lie U't rcnne: xij. fosters dyscryed hym then. .MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 78. FOSTRE. Food ; nourishment. (/t.-S.) Chaucer has fostrin;/. Cant. T. 7427. Fostredes, fos- tered, Will. Wcrw. p. 193. FOT. To fetch, irest. His moiiir him bilokc a pot Watir fro the welle to fut Cursor Mundi, ils. Colt. Tiin. Cantab, f. 76. FOTE. Fought. Ilarw. FOTE-HOT. On the instant ; immediatelv. See Warton, i. 189; Ritson, ii. 160; Gy of War- wike, pp. 28, 63. It is \ cry common in early EngUsh writers. On onswerid hym fute-hote. He is of that loiide wel I wote. MS. Cantab. Ff. v. 48, f. 2i. FOTE-SETE. A footstool. Nominale MS. FOTEZ. Feet. Gawayne. FOTH. A fragment. Somerset. FOTHER. A weiglit of 19 cwt. Hence, a great number or quantity ; a burthen of anv size. (A.-S.) See Kyng'. Vlisaunder, 1809. FOTHER.VM. An open space beliind the rack, wliere the hay is placed ready to supply it. North. FOTIVE. Nourishing. {Lat.) FOT-LAME. Lame in the foot. FOTTIS. Feet. Arch. xxx. 407. FOU. Tipsy ; full ; few. North. It occurs in the last sense in MS. Cott. Vespas. D. vii. Ps. 16, 13th century; and Rob. Glouc. p. 153, spelt fou-e. Wilbraham haifuu'-drniik, very drmik. FOUCH. A quarter of a buck. .\ii old hunting term. Also, to divide a buck into four quarters. FOUCHE. To vouchsafe, or vouch for. (A.-N.) See William and the Werwolf, p. 149. FOUDEUSOME. Bulkv ; cund>rous. Cumb. I'OUDKK. Li.i!hlniiig. \a.-N.) FOUDREL. Apparently a kind of spice, men- tioned in Nominale MS. FOU 376 FOW FOUGADE. A kind of firework. (Fr.) FOUGH. An interj. of contempt. FOUGHT. Fetched. Somei-set. FOUGHTY. Musty ; insipid. Line. FOUL. (1) Ugly ; dirty j Ticious ; unpolite ; full of weeds. Var. dial. (2) An ulcer in a cow's foot ; a disease that pro- duces ulcers. North. (3) A bird. See Kyng Alisaunder, 3551. (4) To tiash ? See a singular use of the word in Fletcher's Poems, p. 160. FOULDAGE. The liberty of penning or folding sheep by night. Norf. FOULDER. Lightning. Nares. Hence fault- ring, flashing like lightning, Misfortunes of Arthur, p. 57. FOULEN. To defile. {.i.-S.) FOULER. A piece of ordnance, mentioned in Gaulfrido and Barnardo, Lond. 1570; Ord. and Reg. p. 27'2 ; Arch. xxi. 52. FOULMART. A polecat. North. " A fox and a folmert," Reliq. Antiq. i. 85. FOUL-MOUTHED. Accustomed to use very bad language. I'ar. dial. FOUL'S-M.\itE. A name for the gallows, men- tioned in Holinshed, iii. 15C1. FOULYNG. A wTctch. Gov. Myst. p. 306. FOUND. (1) SuppUed with food. See Find. The \tTm founder is still common. (2) To confound. See Greene's Works, ii. 200. (3) To intend, or design, ll'e.il morel. It occurs in Ritson, the same as Fande, to try, attempt, or endeavour. (4) To mbc ; to dissolve. Pei/ge. FOUNDAY. A space of six days. A term used by iron-workers, being the time in which they make eight tuns. FOUNDE. To go towards; to go. {J.-S.) To hit forcste Ui/uunrle, Bothe with home and with hunde. To bryiige the dere to tlie grounde. MS. Lincoln .\. i. 17. f. 130. Syr knyghte, when thou an-huntyng/ytt-Hde*, Y schalle gyf ye two greyhowndys. MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 64. Fro themome that day was ly^hte. Tylle liyt was evyn derke nyghte, Oreythur party woUie /('W7«d(? MS.. Jhid. f. 91. FOUNDER. To fall down ; to make to fall; to give way. Chaucer. In Cheshire, A. D. 16.5—, a quantity of earth /ouii- Aied, and fell downe a vast depth. .Jubre.v's Wills, Roi/at Soc. MS. p. 106. FOURBOUR. A furbisher. See a Ust of trades in Davies' Y'ork Records, p. 233. FOURCHED. Forked. Rehq. Antiq. i. 151. FOUR-EYED. Said of dogs which have a dis- tinct mark over each eye of a different colour. One who wears spectacles is also said to be four-et/ed. FOURINGS. An afternoon meal taken at 4 o'clock in harvest-time. Norf. Also called Fours. FOURMEL. To do according to rule. Fader, je may Iau3e my lewdespeche, 3ii" that 30W lisle, I can nothingeyy!frm«/. Occleve, a/i Soc. .7. FJIEKENYS. Freckles. Arch. xxx. 407. FRELE. Frail. (A.-N.) Thyi worlde hyt yi fulle fckylle ond /fit, Alle day be ilay hyt wyllc cnpayre. MS.Cantixb,t(. 11.38, f.. He frtyiivd ihe kyng in liitt ere, Wliat lordis that tiui were That btondiit here the bye. MH Cantab. Ff. v. 40, f. 52. FREYNS. (1) Bridles. Finchak Ch. (2) French. Lay le Freine, 225. FKIARS'-FLIES. Idlers. See Northbrooke'i Treatise, 1577, pp. 43, 57. " Flen, flyys, and freris populum Domini male ca'dunt," Keliq. Autiq. i. 91. Daddy-longlegs are so called in Somerset. FRIARS'-KNOTS. Some kind of tassels used in embroidery. They are mentioned in Hall, Henry VIH. f. 80 ; Privy Purse E.\peuces of the Princess Mary, 1831. FRIARS'-LOAVES. Fossil echini. Suffolk. FKIARS'-PIECE. The piece of fat in a leg of mutton called the pope's eye. FRICACE. A kind of ointment for a sore place. Jonson. FRICHE. Brisk ; nimble ; quick. Oj:on. No doubt iromfryke, q. v. FRICKLE. A basket for fruit that holds about a bushel. Dean Milles MS. FRIDGE. To rub ; to fray. North. FRIDLEYS. The name of certain small rents which were formerly paid to the lord of the great manor of Shefliclil by the inhabitants of the Frith of Hawksworth for liberty of com- mon. Hunter, p. 40. FRIE. A very young and small pike. FRIEND-BACK. A hang-nail. North. FRIEZE. A coarse narrow cloth, formerly much in use. Garments having long wool were said to be friezed. FRIGGE. The rump of beef or mutton. Wane. Also, to warm ; to fiddle-faddle, or meddle ofiiciouslv ; to wriggle. FRIGHTEN. To astonish. West. FRIGHTFUL. Fearful. Suffolk. FRILL. (1) The cry of an eagle. (2) To turn back in i)laits. Var. dial. 'i) To tremble, or shiver, a term formerly ap- plied to hawks. Diet. Rust, in v. FRIM. Vigorous; thriving; well-fed; tender, or brittle; fresh; quick grown. North. It is used in the first sense by Drayton. FRIMICATE. Toatfect delicacy; to give one's self airs about trifies. East. FRIMZY. Slight ; thin ; soft. Keiil. FRINE. To whine, or whimper. North. FRINJEL. That part of a flail which falls on the corn. Suffolk. FRINNISHY. Over-nice. Devon. FKINNY. To neigh, lane. FRIPERER. One who cleans old apparel for sale ; a seller of old clothes and rags ; a brokci . Called also afrijiler autlf ripper. FRIPPERY. An old clothes shop. " A frip- jicry (if olil raggcs," Florio, p. 92. FlUsi;. Friesland. See Rom. of the Rose, 1093; Kyng Alisaundcr, 1372. FRISKET. Th.-it whereon the paper is laid to he ptit under the spindle in printing. FRISKIN. A gay lively person. Liquor, when fermenting rapidly, is friski/. FRISLET. A kind'of small ruffle. FRISSl'RE. A dish ill old cookery, composed cbiellv of hare. FRO 382 FRO FRIST. Same as Freste (2). FRISTELE. A flute. (A.-N.) Left unexplained by Ritson, Met. Rom. i. 59. FRIT. (1) A kind of pancake. Lvic. (2) A fright. Also, frightened. Par. dial. FRITCH. Free ; pleasant ; sociable, iresl. FRITFUL. Timorous ; fearful. tVarti). FRITH. A hedge, or coppice. See Will, and the Werwolf, p. 30. " Also there i< difference between the fryth and the fell ; the fels are understood the mountains, vallyes, and pas- tures with corne, and such Uke ; the frythes betoken the springs and coppyses," Noble Art of Venerie, 1611, p. 98. Dra5-ton explains it " a liigh wood," a sense it seems to bear in Ywaine and Gawin, 157, 1688 ; Minot, p. 9 ; Sir Amadas, 546 ; Cov. Myst. p. 264 ; Piers Ploughman, pp. 224, 241, 355 ; Const. Mas. 6, 266 ; Antiu-s of .\rther, i. 8, iv. 10. A dis- tinction between frith and wood seems to be made in Will, and the Werwolf, p. 80, " out of forest and frithes and alle faire wodes." Some writers explain it to mean "all hedge- wood except thorns," a sense still used in the provinces ; and it occurs in the local glossaries with the following meanings, — unused pas- ture land ; a field taken from a wood ; young underwood ; brushwood. Many woods in Kent are still called friths. Frythed, wooded, Piers Ploughman, p. 112. " Frith, to plash a hedge. Devon." Dean Milles MS. The stewar*i sir Gaymere, Aud mony gud sqwyere. Thay broght hame on bere Fra frythis uofayiie. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17. f. 13". FRITHE. Peace. (.^.-S.) FRITTERS. Small pancakes, with apples in them. Siifolk. We have frytoxcre in Pr. Parv. p. 179, translated by lagana, which was a kind of pancake ; and the term fritter occurs in Elyot, 1559, in v. Laganum. See also a receipt in Ord. and Reg. p. 449. Frutour, Reliq. Antiq. i. 88. " A fritter or pancake ; a kind of bread for children, as fritters and wafers," Baret, 1580, F. 1137, 1138. FRITTING. Fitting and fastening the felloes of a wheel. Kennett. FRITTISH. Cold. Cumb. FRIZ. Frozen. Var. dial. "All/W;out, can't get no groundsel." Fres occurs in Sjt Gawayne. FRIZADE. Freize cloth. See Arch. xi. 92; Book of Rates, p. 45. FRO- From. North. See From. FROATING. Unremitting industry. Cumi. It apparently means mending, repairing, Mid- dleton, ii. 69. FROBICllER. A furbisher. It is explained by urigenator in Nominale MS. FROBLY-MOBLY. Indifferently weU. Sussex, FROCK. (1) A long loose garment worn by monks. The term seems also to have been applied to a kind of loose coat. See Strutt, ii. 246 ; Prompt. Pan', p. 179. (2) A frog. Reliq. Antiq. ii. 80. FRODMORTELL. A free pardon for murder or manslaughter. (A.-S.) Ilkan of this stedessal have pees Of frodmortell and il deedes. Mona4t. AngHc. ii. 13.1. FROES. Frows. See Frow. FROG. (1) Frog in the middle, a well-known child's game. Frog over an old dog, leap- frog, list of games, Rawl. MS. (2) Part of a horse's foot. Wore. (3) A monk's frock. See Frock (1). FROGGAM. A slattern. Yorksh. FROGON. A poker. (^.-.V.) FROG-SPIT. Same as Cuckoo-spit, q. v. FROICE. See Frock (1). He routeth with a slepy noyce. And brusteleth as a mnnkis froire. Ooirei-, MS. Sue. ./nliq. 134, f. 121. FROISE. (1) To spread thin. Suffolk. (2) A large kind of pancake, of the full size of the frying-pan, and of considerable thickness ; so thick as sometimes to contain small pieces of bacon mixed and fried with the batter, when it is called a bacon-froize. East. The ancient /)-oise was like a pancake in form, but composed of diiferent materials. FROKI.N. A little frow, q. v. FROM. Away from. Shak. FROME. Attefrome, at the first, immediately, above all things. See .4tte-frome ; Gy of War- nike. p. 2 ; Beves of Hamtoun, p. 54. FRO.\IM.\RD. An iron instrument to rend or split laths. West. FROMMET. From. Salop. FRO.MONDE. Part of the armour ? Fiille butt in the frunt the fromoiide he hittez, That the burnyscht blade to the brayne rynnez. Morte Arrfiui-e. MS. Lincffln, f. 65 FRON. From. Townelev Mvst. p. 106. FRONST. Wrinkled. (A.-X.) FRONT. The forehead. Maundevile, p. 203. Hence, to butt, as rams do. To front up, to bind the hair with a fillet. FRONTAL. A piece of armour for the forehead of a horse. Spelt fromitall in the Nomen- clator, 1585, p. 251. Also as Fro)itier,q.v. FRONTIER. A hanging which covered the front of an altar. It was often highly decorated, and the arms of the family who presented it were sometimes emblazoned thereon. Fron- tore, Test. Vetust. p. 81. The front of a build- ing was also so called. See Roquefort, in v. Frontiere. Shakespeare uses the term for front or border in 1 Hen. IV. i. 3. FRONTLET. A forehead-band. See Nomen- clator, p. 251 ; Lilly, ed. 1632, sig. T. viii. FRONSTEAD. A farm-yard. Yorksh. FROO.M. Strong ; healthy. Glouc. FRORE. Frozen. Froare, Ashmole's Theat. Chem. Brit. 1652, pp. 19,54. Frory, frosty, froathv, in Spenser. FROltlNG. Help ; aid ; assistance. {A.-S.) FRORT. Forward. Chesh. FROSH. A frog. North. Oftener pronounced frosk. See Townelev Myst. p. 62 ; Reynard the Foxe, p. 48; Arch. xxx. 373, where it is FRO 383 FRU stated that the herb vervain is called frossis because its leaves are " lyke the frossys fet." {/i.-S.} " Jiana, a froscbe," Nominale MS. His frount anu askes hir salle scho say the whatever scho base done. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 304. GAGE. (1) A pledge ; also, to pledge ; to put in pledge or pawn ; to lay as a wager ; a pledge, or defiance for battle. " In gage," Hall, Henry IV. f. 32. See Heywood's Iron Age, sig. I. iii. ; England's HeUcon, p. 210 ; Tragedy of Hoffman, 1631, sig. E. iii. (2) A measure of slate, one yard square, about a ton in w^eight. (3) A bowl or tub for cream, pot, according to Dekker. boUe," Pr. Parr. (4) To harness a horse. Beds. GAGEMENT. An engagement. GAGGER. A nonconformist. GAGGLE. To cackle ; to laugh immoderately. North. See Harrison, p. 223 ; Stanihurst, p. 11; Reliq. Antiq. i. 86. A flock of geese was called a gaggle of geese. A faire white goose beats feathers on her backe. That gaggles still. Chnrclnjarifs Pleasant Conceit, 1593. GAGGLES. The game of nine-pins. North. GAGS. Children's pictures. Suffolk. GAG-TEETH. Teeth that project out. GAGY. Showery. East Sussex. GAHCHYD. Gashed ; scratched. Weber. GAHEN. Again. Com he never gahen in thys land, Thar was hys dohti bodi slan. Cv;i of Warwick, Middtelili M^» East. A quart Gage, lytyll /. Wight. East. GaL 389 GAL GAIIUSEY. A comfortable warm worsted short shirt with sleeves. East. GAIBESEEN. Gay in apiicarance, i. e. gay to be seen. Chatoner. GAIGNAGE. Gain ; profit. (,-/.-.V.) As the trewe man to the ploughe Only to the gai^tifl^eeiitendtth. Goi<;er, MS. Sue. .Inliq. 134, f. 100. GAIL. A tub used in brewing. Gail-clear, a tub for wort. Spelt yailker in Ilallamsh. Gloss, p. 1 4 7. Gail-dish, a vessel used in pour- ing liquor into a bottle or cask. North. GAILER. A gaoler. Cfiattcer. GAILLARD. Brisk ; gay. (^.4.-N.) GAILY. Pretty well in health. North. GAIN. Near; contiguous; suitable; conve- nient ; profitable ; cheap ; easy ; tolerable ; dexterous ; tractable ; active ; expert ; resjiect- able; honest; accommodating. North. GAINCOME. Return. Chaucer. GAINCOPE. To go across a field the nearest way ; to meet with something. Sottth. GAINFUL. Tractable ; active. Yorish. GAINGIVING. A misgiving. Shai. GAINLI. Suitable. " A gaiuli word," Beves of Hamtoun, p. 112. Ganely, readily, Weber, ii. I GO. Easily, Craven Dial. i. 173. GAINS.\N. Gainsaying; denial. And Bagh that gainsan was thar n.in. MS. Colt. Vrapiis. A. iii. f. 8. GAINSIIIRE. The barb ofa fishing book. Derh. GAINSTAND. To withstand ; to oppose. See Fairfax, Bulk and Selvedge, 1C74, p. 7. A sul)st. in Hardyng, f. 101. GAINS TRIVE. To strive against. Spenser. GAIRN. Yarn. Yorksh. GAIT. A |)ath, viay, or street ; jiasturage for cattle during summer in a cummon field ; a single sheaf of corn; two buckets of water. North. To gait corn, to set up sheaves of corn in wet weather to dry. GAIT-BERDE. A goafs beard. Translated by stirillum in Nominale MS. GAITING. Frolicsome. Dorset. G.\ITINGS. Single sheaves of corn set up on end to dry. North. GAITRE-BERRIES. Berries of the dog-wood tree. Chaucer. GAKIN. A simjileton. Glouc GAL. .\ girl, or maiden. Var. dial. GALAGANTING. Large and awkward. West. GALAGE. A kind of patten or clog, fastened with latchets. " Solea, a shoe called ar/atai/e or paten, which liatb Miilbynunn the feete but onely latrbcttcs," Klyot, 1551). See Florio, p. 203, cd. Kill ; Slru'tt, ii. 23.'). The term is now applied to any coarse shoe. For they bcene like foulc wapmoires overgrast. That it thy ffathif^e onre siitkcth fast, The more to winde It out thou doest switickc. Thou niought ay dfe|KT and deeper sincke. Crefnt^a Ghoat-liauntiiig Cunycatchera, 162fi. GALANTNESSE. Fashion in dress. {.-I.-N.) GAI.AOTIIE. A chaplet. Maundcvile, p. 21 1. GALASII. To cover the upper part of the shoe with leather. Yorksh. GALAVANT. To flirt ; to woo. Far. dial. GALCAR. An ale-tub. Yorksh. See Gail. G.VLDER. Coarse, vulgar talk. Also, to talk coarselv and noisilv. East. GALDIM'ENT. A cr'reat fright. Somerset. GALE. (1) A castrated hull. Jfest. (2) To cry; to croak, or scream. Also, song, noise. See Kyng AUsaunder, 2047, 2548. " Thare galede the gowke," Morte Arthure, MS. Lincoln, f. 63. Tille at the last one of verr^ pryde Presumptuously gan tocrye and gate. And seydeu schortely the it-ggis weren to smale. Li/rlfrale, .VS. .S..c Anlir/. 1.14, f. 17. (3) To ache with cold ; to fly open with heat. North. (4) Wild myrtle. Cmnh. (5) To gale a mine, to acquire the right of work- ing it. II 'est. (6) Fashion.' manner? who so with sworde wyrkes bale. He shalle go that iike gale. MS. Cantab. Ff. v. 48, f. 17. (7) Taunt; gibe. Park. (8) The gaol, or prison. Litul Jolmc and Moch for sothe Toke the way unto iheyale. MS. Cantab. Ff. v. 48, f. 131. (9) Any kind of excrescence. Line. GALE-IIEADED. Heavy ; stupid. Devon. GALENTINE. A dish in ancient cookery made of sopped bread and siiices. " Laye some breed in soke, for I wyll have some galantyne made," Palsgrave. Scho fechede of the kytchyne Hasttlctes in gulrntt/ne. .MS. Lincoln A. 1. 17, f. 135. G.'VLES. Wales. Thornton Romances, p. 1. GALEY. Swampy ; marshy. Deion. GALFRIDE. Gcoffrcv. Chaucer. GALIARD. Gay. Hall, Edward IV. f. 37. Ga linudise, gaiety, Thynnc's Debate, p. 58. Thare thegrete waregederyde wythg-a/j/«,-rfr knyghtes. Mt'fte .-trthure, MS. Lincoln, f. 61. GALILEE. A church porch. Davies, Ancient Rites, p. 71, mentions the Galilee-bell. G.'VLING. A bruise. Somerset. G.VLINGALE. Sweet cyperus. " Gingiver and galingalc," Gy of Warwike, p. 421. GALINIC. A guinea-fowl. Corjiie. The more common word is t/atlaney. G.M.IOT. A small vessel. " They rshippes and theyr ffaliol," Hardyng, f. 204. G.\LKAI).\W. Literally a girl-cow-boy; a girl who looks after cows. Suffolk. (!ALL. (1) A sarcasm. Also to say galling, sar- caslic things ; to vex one. (2) A sore place ; a faidt, or imperfection. Still in use in Sussex. (3) To frighten. Somer.'. Merry ; frolicsome. Sussex. GANTV-GUTTED. Lean and lanky. East. GANZAS. Geese. (Span.) GAOWING. Chiding. Krmoor. GAP. To notch ; to jag. South. " To gap or to stile," to be alwavs in time. GAPESING. Sight- seeing. Var. dial. In Devon gape's nest is a strange sight ; and in the North, ifape-seed. GAPESNATCH. A fool. Glmtc. GAPE-STICK. A large wooden spoon. East. GAR. To force ; to compel ; to make. North. See further in Gare. GAUATWIST. AW17. SiLSser. GARB. A sheaf of corn. .\n ohi heraldic terra, mentioned b\- Dravton. GAUBASH. Garbage. Florio, p. 70. GARBELLEU. A person who examined spices, drugs, &e. to find tmt the impurities in them. G A KB- FE ATI I F. RS. The feathers under tlie bill of a hawk. Jicrncrs. G.VRBOIL. .\ cunimotion, tumult, uproar, or confusidn. See Fliuio, pp. 55, 443 ; Urnytiin'l Poems, p. 88 ; Stuiiihurst, p. 34. GAR 392 GAR GARCIL. Uiulern-ood. North. GARCLIVE. The lierb agrimony. GARD. A facing, or trimming. "Three faire gards," Eupliues (lolden Legacie, p. 117. " (iarded or purfled garments," Ilollyhand's Dictionarie, 1593. "I garde a garmente, 1 sette one garde npon hym, je dende," Pals- grace. " Now may 1 were the Ijrodered garde," King Caml)ises. p. 260. See also Liturgies of Edward VI. \\ 423. wrongly explained by the editor ; Solinian and Perseda, p. 233 ; Thorns' Anec. and Trad. ]>. 43. GARDE. Caused ; made. (.-l.-S.) " He garde hvme goo," Torrent of Portugal, p. 28. GARDEBR.-VCE. Armour for the arm. (J.-N.) GARDEEN. A guardian. Suffolk. GARDEMANtJER. A cupboard, (fr.) G.\RDEN. To gr.rden a hawk, i. e. to put her on a piece of turf. GARDEN-GINGER. Cayenne pepper. GARDEN-HOUSES. Summer-houses, frequently mentioned by our old dramatists as places for intrigue and debauchery. Garden-pot, a water- ing pot, Du Bartas, p. 4. Garden-u-fiore, a veiT common whore. Peek's Jests, p. 3. GARDEROBE. A wardrobe; the place in a palace where the clothes are kept. {Fr.) GARDEVI.VNCE. A chest, trunk, pannier, or basket ; a bag for meat. " Scriniolum, a kas- ket or forsar, a giirdi\iance," Elyot, 1559. '• Bagge or gardeviaunce to put meat in, pera," Hnloet, 1552. GARDWYNES. Rewards. (A.-N.) Gifeiie us gersoms and gotde, and ^ardtojnes many, Grewhoundcs and grett horse, and alkyne gammes. M'lrte Artfture, MS. Liitcoln, f. 71. GARE. (1) To make, or cause. See Perceval, 1411 ; Isumbras, 343. Garte, made. " Make or garre to do, as tlie Scottish men say," Florio. Than he prayed the portere That he wold be his messyiiger, And gare hym hafe an ansuere. MS. Lincoln .\ i. 17, f. 131. And yf the kyng tne gtrre falle can, What y am ther wottylh no m;in MS Canlah. Ff. ii. 311, f. 2J6. (2) Coarse wool. See Blount, in v. (3) A signal flag.' .irch. xiii. 101. (4) Ready. Richard Coer de Lion, 6409. (5) A dait, or javelin. (J.-S.) The batelie began to smyghte With many a grymme i^nye. .IIS. Ctt;l,tb. Ff. ii.38, f. 03. (6) Gear ; accoutrements. West. GARE-BRAINED. Thoughtless; giddv. South. GARE-LOCKS. A cock's gaffles. C'hesh. GARESOWNE. A boy, or youth. (.J.-N.) That made hym knyght of grete renowne Of a mysprowde gafesotvne. MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 202. GARETT. A watch-tower ; a room near the top of a building. Then was that lady sett Hyeup in a garett. MS. Cantab. Ff. ii.38, f. '6. They byganne at the gretteste ;ate a garette to rere, Getten up fro the grounde on twelfe sykur postes. MS. CoH. Calig. A. ii. f. 115. GARFANGYL. An eel-spear. Pr. Parr. GARFITS. Garbage. North. GARGATE. The throat. Chaucer. We have ganjnze in Kyng Ahsaunder, 3636. GARGEL. A projecting spout from a gutter, sometimes made in grotesque and ornamented forms. " Gargyle in a wall, gargoille," Pals- grave. " Gargeyld with grayhoundes," Percy, p. 27. See Prompt. Parv. p. 186. G ARGILOUN. Part of the numbles of a deer. See Sir Tristrem, p. 387 ; Rel. Ant. i. 153. GARGOUN. Jargon ; language. {A.-N.) See Wright's Seven Sages, pp. 106, 107. GARGVT-ROOT. Bear's-foot. Norf. G.VRISH. Splendid; shining ; magnificent ; fine. See Lilly's Sixe Court Comedies, 1632, sig. V. vi ; Marlowe, ii. 44 ; Drayton's Poems, p. 225 ; Harrison, p. 172. Garhhly, BiUingsIey's Brachy-Martyrologia, 1657, p. 35. In the provinces it is used in the senses oi frightened, very wild, silly, foolishly gay. GARISOUN. (1) To heal. Chaucer. (2) A reward. Garyson, Rob. Glouc. p. 409. GARL.\ND. The ring in a target in which the prick or mark was set. G.VRL.\NDS. A common name for small col- lections of popular ballads. G.\RLE. To spoil butter in making by handling it with hot hands. East. G.\RLED. Variegated ; streaked ; spotted. A term applied to the colour of animals. See Harrison, pp. 226, 239. " White tliitkly spot- ted with red, the outside spots small," Batche- lor's Orthoepical Analvsis, 1809, p. 133. GARLETE. Garlic. P'egye. GARLIC-EATER. A stinking fellow, i^oulh. GARI.ONG. A garland. Christmas Carols, p. 9. GARN. (1) .4. garden ; a garner. South. (2) Yarn. North. See Kennett, p. 65. G.\RN.\DE. A dish in ancient cookery, de- scribed in Ord. and Reg. p. 465. GARNARDE. A wine of Granada. See the Squvrof Lowe Degre, 758. GARNE.MENT. A garment. (A.-N.) Tho he stode up verament. And dud upon hym hys garnement. MS. Cantab. Ff.il. 3S, f. 140. G.VRNER. Properly, a granary ; but it also sig- nifies a store-room of anv kind. GARNETOUR. Provisions ; liverv. (A.-N.) GARNETT. (1) A kind of firework, appearing like a flying broom. {Hal.) (2) Garnet appille, the pomegranate. Liche the frute that is of suche plesaunce. The garnet appille of coloure golden htwid. Ltidgate, MS. Soc. Aniiq. 131, f. 13. (3) -\ kind of hinge. 0.if. Gloss. Jirch. GARNISH. (1) A service which generally con- sisted of sets of twelve dishes, saucers, &c. See Warner, p. 123. To garnish the table, to set the dishes on it. (2) The fees paid by a prisoner on entering gaol. See Songs of London Prentices, p. 57 ; and Grose, in v. GARNISON. A guard, or garrison. {A.-N.) GAS 393 GAT GARN-M'INDLE. A reel to wind yam upon. North. " A par garnwyn, yirgiltum," Nomi- nale MS. Sec Pr. Parv. GARRACK. Awkward. Cumb. GARKAXT. A gelding. See State Papers, iii. 169; Egerton Papers, p. 1 53 ; ynron, Holin- slied, Cliron. Ireland, pp. 118, 156. GARR.\Y. Array ; troops. Totineley Myst. GAKKE. To make a garment, or do any other work ; to expel. North. GARRET. The head. Var. dial. GARRETTEU. Having small splinters of stone inserted in the joints of masonry or flint-work. Sec Britton, p. 263. GARRICK. An awkward person. North. GARRING. Chirping ; rhattering. " Garring and flivng of briddus," Apol. Loll. p. 95. GARRON-NAILS. Large spike-nails. North. GARKYS. Makes ; causes. Sec Gar. I was as blythe as byrd on brryr ; That t^'ai-rya me suffer thes scherp schorls. MS. Lincoln A. i 17, f. 51. G.\RS. Grass. Garsing, a pasture. North. GARSH. A notch. Pai.ii/rave. GARSING. A method of bleeding by pricking the skin with a lancet. It dilfcred slightly from cupping, and was done on several parts of the body. Tlier is GO maner of purgacioun of the body that Is y-maad in too maners, by medicyn outher by bledynfje; bledyng I say, either by veyne or by garauns. >tS. Bodl. 423, f. 2UB. GARSOM. An earnest penny. North. GARSON. A youth; a page. {.4.-N.) Thpr sonc was a prowde gftrnont Men hyra clepyd syr Uefown. M.I. Cantab. VS. ii. 38, f. 115. GART. Made ; caused. {A.-S.) When he came into the halle. The fole he gart before hym calle. .I/.S'. Canlab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 243. With scharpe axis of stele, Motiy knyghte gait he kncle. MS. Lincoln A. 1. 17, f. 131. GARTEN. A garter. North. Also, corn in the sheaf, hurham. GARTH. (1) A yard ; a small field or inclosure adjoining a house ; a churchyard ; a garden ; an orcharil ; a warren. North. " Garthe crcsse," garden cress. Tak a peny-wcghtc of garthe cresse sede, and gyflf hyin at etc, and gare hym after a draghte of gude rede wync. MS. Line. Med. f. 292. (2) A hoop, or band. Norlli. (3) See Vish-garlhs, and IMount. GARTIIOR. A garter. Pal-ygrave. GARTIIYNRRE. A gardener. Towneley. GARTLE HEADED. Thoughtless. East. GARTLESS. Heedless; thoughtless. Eaxt. GASCOINES. Sec Gally-yankim. " Much in my gascoincs," Lilly, ed. 1632, sig. Cc. v. See the Widow of Watiing Street, p. 29. GASE. (1) A goose. Skclton, i. 410; The Goodc Wif Ihaught hir Doughter, p. 8. (•2) Goes. MS. Cantab. I'Y. ii. 38. GASE-HOUNU. A kind of hound formerly much valued for fox or harc-himting, on ac- count of its excellent sight. See Topsell, 1607, p. 167. GASHFUL. Ghastly ; frightful. East. CAST. (1) To frighten; to terrify. "I gaste, I feare," Pahgrave. It is the part. pa. in the following passage. His wille was but to make hem gatt, And aftir rewe on hem at the last. Cunur Mtindi, MS. Coll. Trin. Cantab, f. 31. (2) Spirit ; breath ; a ghost, or spirit. GAST-BIRD. A single partridge in the shooting season. Suffolk. GAST-COW. A cow which does not produce a calf in the season. East. GASTER. Same as Gast, q. v. Ray has it as an Essex word, and Gilford, who was a native of that county, uses it in his Dialogue on "Witches, 1603. GASTFUL. Frightful. Palsgrave. (I.'VSTNE. An apparition. Batman, 1582. GASTNESS. Gbastliness. {A.-S.) It occurs in Chaucer and Shakespeare. GASTOYNE. A soUtude. (^.-A'.) GAT. (1) A goat. Nominale MS. (2 ) A gap ; an opening. East. GATCHEL. The mouth. Somerset. GATE. (1) A farm-yard. South. (2) .\ way, path, street, or road. " Go thi gate," go thy way. The track of an animal was called his gate. Blome, ii. 78. He lay at the ryche raannys jate, Ful of byles yn ihe gate. MS. Hail. 1701, f. 44. Hefolowed thame thorowe the wod, Alle the gatis that thay jode. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 136, (3) Manner ; fashion. Havelok, 2419. GATE-DOOR. The street or outer door. Gaylt doore, Towncley Myst. p. 107. GATE-DOWN. A going-down. Palsgrave. GATEL. Goods ; property ? Bevcfl of his palfrai allghte. And tok the tresorc anonrighte; With that and with mor gatel. He made the castel of Arondel. Bevet of Hanitoun, p. 12;>. GATE-PENNY. A tribute paid by the custom- ary tenants for leave to pass through one or more of their lord's gates for the more easy passage to and from their own lands. Kcn- nett, MS. Lansd. 1033. GATE-POST-l!AK(iAIN. When the money is paid on the gate-post before the stock sold leave the field. North. GATE-ROOM. A yard, or paddock. GATES. Other gates, in another manner. Half gates three, :iearlv three o'clock. GATE-SCHADYLL'E. The division of a road into two or more ways. Pr. Parv. GATE-SHORD. a gateway; a place or gap for a gate. Somerset. GATE-WARD. A porter, or gate-keeper. (A.-S.) GATHER. (1) To glean. Somerset. (2) To gat her up, to be in a passion and acold any one. To gather one's self together, as » 25* GAU 39J GAW man does when he intends to eihibit his strength. (3) An animal's pluck. See Ord. and Reg. p. 297 ; Cotgrave, in v. Hastilles. GATHERER. A money-taker at a theatre. There is one Jlion Russell that by your apoynt- ment wa< made a p-ei- with us, but my fellowes finding [him] often falce to us, have many tyraes warod him from taking the box. Alleyn Papers, Dulwich College MS. (. 4.5. GATHERERS. A horse's teeth by which he draws his food into his month. G.\THERING. Raking mown hay or com into cocks or rows for carting it. GATHERS. Out of the gathers, i. e. out of order, in distressed circumstances. G.iTLESS. Heedless ; careless. East. GATTERAM. A green lane. Line. GATTER-BUSn. The wild gelder-rose, or dog- wood. Also called the gattridge. GATTLEHE.\DED. Forgetful. Ciimh. GAT-TOTHED. Chaucer, Cant. T. 470, 6185. Urrj' reads gap-lolhid, and some MSS. cat- tothed. It means having teeth standing or projecting out. " Dentcs e.ierti, gag teeth, or teeth standing out," Nomenclator, 1583, p. 29. Tyrwhitt professes himself unable to ex- plain this word. GAUBERTS. Iron racks for chimneys. CAes/i. GAUBY. A lout, or clown. Derb. GAUCHAR. Vexation. " Ilaved at thajre j^au- cfiar," Wright's Pol. songs, p. 318. G.A.UCY. Fat and comely. A'orM. GAUD. (1) Habit ; practice; fashion. Yorisfi. (2) A toy, or piece of tinery. Shai. Hence gauded, adorned, Coriol. ii. 1. (3) A jest, or trick. Lydgate, p. 92. Also, to sport or jest. G.\UDEES. The larger beads in a roll for prayer. " Gaudye of beedes, signeau de patenoslre," Palsgrave. tJpon the gaudees all without Was writte of golde jnir repo&er. Cower, ed. 1354, f. 190. G.\UDERY. Finery ; gaiety. It is wrongly ex- plained in Skelton's Works, ii. 191. GAUDY. Gaiety. Also gay. Hence gaudy- day, a festival or feast day. Wemaye make our tryumphe, i. kepeour^aurfye*, or let us sette the cocke on the hope, and make good chere within dores. Palsgrave's .4colastus, 1540. I have good cause to set the cocke on the hope, and make gaudye ehere. ibid. GAUDY-GRREN. A light green colour. "Co- lour hit gaude grene," Ord. and Reg. p. 452. There is a verv ancient receipt for making it in MS. Harl. 2253. GAUF. To go off. Somerset. G.iUGHLING. Tall and slender in proportion to the bulk. Warw. GAUK. To stare vacantly. North. GAUK-HANDED. Left-handed. Cramn. C^UKY. A simpleton ; a clown. .Use, awkward. Var. dial. GAUL. A large wooden lever. Lane. GAULDRING. Drawling. Somerset. GAULIC-HAXD. The left-hand. A'or,'*. GAULS. Spots where grass, corn, or trees, have failed. South. GAULT. Blue clay. Var. dial. GAUM. To comprehend, or understand ; to dis- tinguish ; to consider ; to fear ; to handle improperly. North. This last meaning is found in Fletcher's Poems, p. 230, and is still in common use. In some places, not to gaum a man is not to mind him. Also, to smear or maul. GAUMLESS. Vacant ; half silly. North. Also, frozen, as the fingers are. GAUN. (I) A gallon measure. Var. dial. " Cannes of ale," Sharp's Cov. Myst. p. 50. (2) Going ; given. North. GAUNCE. (1) Gaunt. Skelton, i. 64. (2) To prance a horse up and down. GAUNSEL. A kind of sauce made of flour and milk, and coloured with saffron; formerly eaten with geese. GAUNT. (1) To yawn. Northumh. (2) The old Enghsh name for Ghent. GAUNTRY'. X wooden frame for casks. GAUP. (1) Vulgar or noisy talk. Derby. (2) To gape, or stare. Var. dial. GAUPEN. Two handfulls. Hence, an immo- derate quantity. North. GAUPS. A simpleton. South. GAURE. To stare ; to look vacantly. Chaucer. Also, to cry or shout. GAUSTER. To laugh loudly; to be noisy; to swagger. Craven . GAUVli. To stare vacantly or rudely. North. Hence gauvg, a dunce. GAUVISON. A young simpleton. North. GAVEG. A gage, or pledge. State Papers, ii. 131. GAVEL. (1) A sheaf of corn before it is tied up, not usually applied to wheat. East. Cotgrave has, " Javeler, to swathe or gavell come ; to make it into sheaves or gavells." See also in v. Enjaveld. (2) To stare vacantly. Cumb. (3) The gable of a building. G.\VELK1ND. An ancient tenure in Kent, by which the lands of a father were divided among all his sons, or the lands of a brother, djing without issue, among all the surviving brothers ; a custom by which the female de- scendants W'Cre utterly excluded, and bastards inherited with legitimate children. See Lam- harde's Perambulation, 1596, p. 530. GAVELOK. A spear, or javeUn. The term is still used in the North for an iron crow or lever. See Brockett, p. 130. Cavelitkts also thicke flowe So gnattes, ichil avowe. Arthuur and Merlin, p. :^38. Thai hurte him foule and slough his hers With gavylukes and wyth dartis. MS. Douce 175, p. 3i G.VMJR. The sea cray-fish. Conut: GAVER-HALE. The jack-snipe. Devon. G.\W. .\. boat-pole. Also, a stripe. South. GAWCUM. A simpleton. Somerset. GAWFIN. A clownish feUow. Chesh. GAY 395 GEE GAM'ISH. Gay. It occurs in Wright's Display of Dutie, 4to.'Lonil. 1589. GAWK. (1) Clowuisli ; awkward, far. dial. (2) A cuckoo. Also, a fool. North. (3) To hawk and spit. Devon. GAWK-A-MOUTll, A gaping fool. Dei'on. GAWKSllAW. A Icft-haudcd man. Yorksh. GAWL. Gold. Somerset. GAWLE. Same as (J ale (2). W« may not lette the peple to gawh and crye. MS. Cantab. Ff. i. 6, f. 159. GAWLEY. A simpleton, ll'arir. GAWMIN. Vacant ; stupid. North. GAWNE. Gave. Still in use in Essex. Howard Household Books, p. 446. GAWNEY. A simpleton. Wilts. GAWN-P.iHj. A pail with a handle on one side. Glouc. Qii. from ijnuu ? GAWT. The channel through which water runs from a water-wheel. Lane. GAY. (1) A print, or picture. " He loved prety gayes," Mayd Emlyn, p. 26. As ir a thwefc should t>e proud of his halter, a begger of his cloutes, a chiUi of his traii, or a foole of his b.ible. Dent'3 Pathway, p. 40. (3) Considerahic ; tolerable. North. (4) Quick ; fast. Var. dial. (5) The noon or morning. North. (6) A gay person. Gawayne. (7) A small rut in a path. Line. GAY-CARDS. Court cards. Suffolk. GAY-FLOOR. In the coal-pits at Wedneshury iu Staffordshire, the third parting or laming in the body of the coal is called the (jny- floor, two foot thick. Kennett, MS. Lansd. GAYLES. Gaols. Hall, Henry vi. f. 91. GAY'NE. To gainsay. Sche wolde have had hyra at home fayne, But ther myght no spectie f^ayne. MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 76. GAYNED. Availed. Ellis, ii. 247. GAYNESSE. Gaiety. I.ydgate. GAYNESTE. Readiest j nearest. At the gay- neste, i. e. at random. Pahiyrave. GAYNORE. Queen Gucniver. GAYNPAYNE. The ancient name of the sword used at tournaments. AIT'iLT 1 tuoke the gat/nepaf/nea and the swerd wltli which I gunle me, and sithe whane I was thus armed, 1 putte the targe to my syde. Rnmancii o/lbe .Vwery(i and seyde ailns I Mornyng to his tjcdd lie gar/jt. MS. Cantab. Ff. II. 311, f. C3. GAYSHEN. A simpleton. Ciimb. GAYSl'ANI). Gasping? GrUi-ly gayaitattd with grucchaniU- lotcs. Mwte.l,lhun!, MS. Uuculu, (. 68. (iAYSTYN. To lodge. Gawayne. UAYTE. A goat. See Perceval, 186, 254, 268, 314, «I7; |{cli((. Aniii|. i. 52. GAZE. A deer was said to stand at gaze, when it stared at anything. G.AZET. A Venetian coin, worth aliout three farthings. This was the original price of the small %vritten courants, which formerly sup- plied the place of newspapers. Hence the modern term Gazette. GAZLES. Black currants ; wild plums. Kent. GE. To go, as in the ye-ho to horses. GEALE. To freeze ; to congeal. Nares. GEALL. To grieve. Northumb. GEAN. The wild cherry. Car. dial. GEANCE. A jaunt, or errand. Jonaon. GEAND. A giant. Uegrevant, 1242. (A.-N.) GEANT. Ajav. Skinner. GEANY. Profitable. Tusser. GEAR. (1) Any kind of moveable property ; sub- ject, matter, or business in general. The latter sense is common in old plays. Still in use. 2) A worthless person. Yorksh. 3) To dress. In his gears, in good order. Out of (/ear, nnweW, out of order. GEARMENT. Rubbish. Yorksh. GE.ARS. Horse trappings. Var. dial. GEARUM. Out of order. Lane. GEASON. Scarce. See Geson. " Scant and geason," Harrison's England, p. 236. GEAT. (1) Pace; motion. Northumb. (2) The hole through which melted metal runs into a mould. MS. Lansd. 1033. (3) Jet. See Harrison's England, p. 239. GEAY. (1) To go. Meriton, p. 99. (2) A jay. Howell's Lex. (sect, xxxix.) GEB. To hold up the eyes and face; to sneer. North. GECK. Scorn ; derision ; contempt. North. See Cymbeline, v. 4. Also, to toss the head scornfidly. Hence, an object of scorn, a fool, as in Twelfth Night, v. 1. GECKUOR. The herb goose-grass. GED. (1) A pike. Nortliumb. (2) Dead ; deceased. Derbysh. GEDDEDE. Dead. {A.-S.) •< Love is ged- dcdc," Wright's Anec. Lit. p. 96. GEDDIS. Goods ; property. Crete gedilty i-nowe Gate he untalde. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 13?. CEDE. Went. Nominale MS. GEUELY'NGE. An idle vagabond. This shame he hath me (lone In dcdc. The geiteti/nge of uiicouthe lede. Curmr Mundi, MS. Odl. Trin. Cantab, (. 28. Peter I sals syr Gawayne, this gladdez myne hertc. That jone gedtyngcs are gone, that made grel nowmbrc. Morte jlrthtirr, MS, Lincoln, f. H.I. GEDEll. To g.ither together ; to meet. Gedurl, gathered, Tur. Tott. xxiv. GED-WANIJ. A goadforoxen. A^oWA. GEE. (1) To give. Var. dial. Also, to thaw. (2) An affront ; stubbornness. North. (3) To agree; to fit; to suit with. Var. dint. See Songs of the London Prentices, p. 121. GEEAL. Clear. Yorksh. GEEO. Gave. 6'eeii, given. North. GEERING. The ladders and side-rails of u waggon. Midland C. GEM 396 GEO GEES. Jesses, q. v. Reliq. Ar.tiq. i. 27. GEESE. A horse's girth or under-strap. Kence, to girth or bind. Devon. GEET. (1) Jet. See Sir Degrevant, 1461. O fayr lady, hewyd as ys the gept. Its. Fairfax 16. (2) Goats. Wright's Pol. Songs, p. 19S. GEFF. Deaf. Chesh. GEFFE. Given. Robin Hood, i. 89. GEFTHE. A gift. Weber. GEG. To walk carelessly. North. GEGGIN. Asmalltub. ■ A'orM. GEHEZIE-CHEESE. A very poor cheese, made of milk partially skimmed. East. GE-HO. A phrase addressed to horses to make them go. It corresponds to the Italian Gio, which occurs in a similar sense in the Dialogus Creaturarum^ 1480. GEITHER. An animal's pluck. Florio, p. 123. GEITLESSE. Without boot>-. 3if we geitlesse goo home, the kyng wille be grevede, And say we are gadlynges, agaste for a lyttille. ilorleAr-thme, MS. Limuln, f. 82. GELD. (1) To geld ant-hills is to cut off the tops, and throw the inside over the land. Herefordsh. (2) To castrate ; but formerly used for the opera- tion by which females are rendered barren. In the North of England, a cow or ewe not with young is called a geld cow or a geld ewe ; and the term is used in a similar sense in the Towneley Myst. p. 75, applied to a woman ; Rehq. Antiq. ii. 210. (3) A tax, or imposition. North. ( 4) To cleanse wheat Florio, p. 88. GELDING. An eunuch, irickliffe. Used for gadling in Chester Plays, i. 179. GELE. Jelly. Forme of Cur>', p. 50. Gelide, made into a jelly, Ord. and Reg. p. 471 ; Warner, p. 89. Geliffes, Harrison's Description of England, p. 167. GELL. (1) To crack, or split. North. (2) A large number or quantity. IJ'arw. GELMYD. Glittered. ReUq. Antiq. i. 77. GELOUS. Jealous. Lydgate. GELOWE-FLOURE. A giUj-flower. Palsgrave. GELP. Thin insipid hquor. Yorksh. GELPE. To boast. Nominale, MS. GELT. (1) Money. Skelton,ii. 176. (2) Barren, or impotent. Yorksh. GELTHES. Guilts. Reliq. Autiq. i. 227. GELTIF. Guilty. Sevyn Sages, 856. GELUCE. Jealous. Pr. Parv. GEMEAN. Common ; vulgar. Yorksh. GEME-FEDERS. The feathers which cover a hawk's tail. Skinner. GEMEL. A twin, or pair of anything. Hence gemels, a pair of hinges. This word occurs in many forms. In some early writers, quoleil liy Steevens, it seems to have the meaning of gimmal, or double ring. Joynter and gpinotvx he jogges in sondyre. MtiTte Arthure, SIS. Lincoln, f. «4. GEMETRY. Geometry. Const. Mast. p. 12 ; gemytri, Lydgate's Minor Poems, p. 11. GEMMAN. k. gentleman. Var. dial. He was worthy no lesse. For vexing with his pertnesse A gemman going to megse. Dvctour Doitbhle .4ikt n. d. GEMMERY. A jewel-house. Blount. GEMMINY. A vulgar exclamation of surprise. Var, dial. GEN. (1) Against. Pegge. (2) Began. Kyng AUsaunder, 2540. GENDE. Neat; pretty. Chaucer. GENDER. To ring ; to resound ; to chatter with the teeth. Craven. GENDRE. To engender. Than wulle folke of thi persona exprcsse. Say thou art yrapotent to gend/e in thi degr6. .MS. Cantab. Kf. i, 6, f. 125. GENE. (1) Genoa. Hearne's Langtoft. (2) Given. Hunttyng of the Hare, 266. (3) To force ; to compel ; to invite. (--/.-S.) GENEFE. A knife. Rowlands. GENERAL. The people ; the public. Shai. GENERALS. The archdeacon's visitation. A terra used at Norwich. GENEREN. Engender; create. Good wylle and enemies ^t'Mei-ropcrly two yards in length. Arch. x.\)i. 397. GET-PENNY. An old term for a play that turned out profitable. Jonsori. GETTAR. A bragger. Pakgrnve. GETTERON. Same as Getoun, q. v. Than bannors was displayed fayre in the wynde. That a man his maisttr myght the better fynde. With gettemne and pencelles of sundry hew. MS. Lansd. 208, f. 20. GETTING-AVVAY. Near ; approaching to. A Suflblk phrase. GETTOUR. A bragger, or boaster. Thys gentylmen, thys guttoia-s, They ben but Goddys turmentours. MS. Hrirl. 1701, f. 6. GETTS. Earnings, far. dial. GEW-GAW. A Jew's harp. North. GEW-GOG. A gooseberry. Snffoltc. GEWYT. Giveth. Nominale MS. Alas, alas, and alas why Hatli fortune done so crewely ? Fro me to takeawey thescyte Of that that geu^it my hert lyte. MS. Cantab. Ft. i. 6, f. Iia GEY'. Jov. Frere and the Boy, x. GEYLERE. A gaoler. He gavehym the keyes there. And made hym hys gfylere. MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 184. GEYN. Denial ; refusal. Their is no gi^yn ne excusacion. Til the trouthe be ryped to the roote. MS. .-IsUmole m, t. 154. GEYNEBYYNE. To ransom. Pr. Pan. GEYNECOWPYNE. To hinder ; to withstand. Pr. Parv. p. 189. See also Gaincope. GEY'RE. A kind of eagle, mentioned in Florio, ed. 1611, p. 609. GEYST. A guest. " Take, my geyst, seid Adam than," MS. Cantab. Ff v. 48, f. 50. GEYT. Goats. State Papers, iii. 3. GEYZENED. Parched with thirst. North. GHEET. (1) Jet. Walter Mapes, p. 351. (2) Goats. Reynard the Foxe, p. 44. GHELLS. The game of trip. Grose. GHENGE. The depth of a furrow. I. Wight. GHERN. A garden. Berks. GHESSE. To guess. Spenser. GHETKIN. A cucumber. Coles. GlIEUS. Beggars, a term of reproach for the Flemish Protestants. Phillips. GHIZZERN. The gizzard. Line. We have gyssarne in an early MS. collection of medical receipts at Lincoln, apparently in the same sense. GHOST. A dead body. Also, to haunt as a ghost. Shak. GHOWER. To jar, or brawL Rrmoor. GHYBE. To gibe, or scold. North. GIAMBEUX. Boots. Spenser. GIB. (1) A young gosling. Line. (2) A horse that shrinks from the collar, and will not draw. North. •' Gybbe horse, tnandicus," Pr. Parv. p. 192. (3) A hooked stick. North. (4) A piece of wood used in supporting the roof of a coal-mine. (5) A contraction of Gilbert, and formerly a common name for a cat. See Gib-cat. It is also used as a term of reproach to a woman. " Playeth the gib," Schole House of Women, p. 73, i. e. the wanton. (6) A bump, or swelling. {A.-N.) GIB-A-LAMB. A young lambkin just dropped from its dam. Devon. GIBBER. To chatter. Hamlet, i. 1. Hence gibber-gabber, idle talking, Tusser, p. 246. Gibrish, Florio, pp. 60, 76. GIBBET. (1) A violent fall. Suffolk. To gibbet a toad, to jilace it on a lath or piece of wooden hoop, and by striking one end precipitate it sufficiently to cause death. (2) Same as Beetle, q. v. (3) To hang, usually on a gallows, but also on or upon anything. GIF 399 GIL ClBBLE-GABIiI.E. Idle, nonsensical talk. Suffolk. " Any rude gibble-gabble," Cotgravc, in V. Barraguiim. GIBBOL. Tlie sprout of an onion of tbe second year. JTest. From cliibol. GIBBON. A hooked stick. North. GIBBY-HEELS. Kibed heels. Somerset. GIBBY-LAMB. A castrated Iamb. IVest. GIBBY-LEGS. Legs that are thinner on the calf side than the other. Devon. GIBBY-STICK. Same as Gibbon, q. v. GIB-CAT. A male-cat, now generally applied to one that has been castrated. " As melancholy as a gibb'd catt," Howell's Engbsli Proverbs, p. 10. " A gibb, or old male cat," Howell's Lex. Tet. 1660. GIBE. To mock, or jest. " A merry jester or giber," Florio, ed. 1611, p. 72. GIB-FISII. The milter of the salmon. North. GIBIER. Game. Rutland Papers, p. 27. GIBLETS. Rags ; tatters. Kent. GIBRALTAR-RUCK. Veined sweetmeat, sold in lumps resembling a rock. GIBRIDGE. Gibberish. Co/i/rave. GIB-STAFF. A quarter-staff. North. GID. (1) A guide, or leader. I will holil mc byhiiid and thi men led. Rid with the rerward and be tliur gid. Roland, MS. Lansd. 388, f. 38G. (2) Gave. Somerset. GIDDED. Hunted. Mirr. Mag. p. 418, ap. Nares. It seems to mean guided, directed, in Plumpton Corr. p. 129. GIDDY. (1) Furious; very angry. North. To go giddy, to go in a passion. (2) A term apphed to sheep that have hydatides on the brain. Line. GIDDYGANDER. Tlie orchis. Dorset. GIDERNE. A standard, or banner. {A.-N.) GIDINGS. Manners. Pakgrave. GlE. (1) To gi\e. North and West. (2) To guide, direct, or rule. (J.-S.) Ne venjaunce ther no place ocupyeth, Where innocence asoule impilty ^tyt-tft. Li/dgale, MS. Soc. .loliq. 134, f.7. Schelde us fro schamcsdcdeand synfitltc werkcs. And cyffe us grace to gi/e and governe us here. Morte Artliure, MS. Liiifohi, f. 53. GIER-EAGLE. A kind of eagle mentioned in Lcvit. xi. 18;Deut. xiv. 17. GIEST. A joist. IloUyband, iyj3. GIF. If. North. I wil go aboute thi nede, For to loke^'i/ I may spcdc. MS CunKih. Ff. T. 48, f. h2. Damo, hesaydc, late that be. That daye fchalte thou never sec, Gj(/f I may rede ryghte. Jl/S. /.incoln A. 1. 17. f-H^- GIFEROUS. Covetous ; scraping. Cumb. GIFF-GAl'l'. Conversation. Also, mutual ac- commodation. North. GIFFIN. A trifle, Somerset. GIFFLE. To lie restless. Suffolk. GIFT. (1) To give a gift, i. c. to make u reso- lution. Tliis phrase occurs in Perceval, S.'), 163; MS. Cantab. Ff. i. 6, f. 3. (2) A bribe. MS. Cott. Vespas. D. vii. GIFTS. Wliilc specks on the finger-nails, por- tending gifts. I'ar.dial. GIFTY'-DAY'. .\ boon-day ; a day's work given by neighbour to neighljour. Leic. GIG. (1) A machine used in raising cloth, to prepare it for dressing. North. (2) A long, slender, light pleasure-boat used on the river Tyne. (3) A silly flighty person. East. " Fare noght as Agygge," The Goode M'if. (4) An old machine for winnowing corn. Bat- chelor's Orth. Anal. p. 133. (5) To hasten along. Devon. (6) A top. See Florio, pp. 124, 324, 3.^)1, 379 ; Nomenclator, p. 297. The term was also ap- plied to a small toy made with geese-feathers, used by fowlers for decoying birds. (7) Acock. Nominale MS. This may possibly be the meaning of the word in Chester Plays, i. 123, although the alliteration seems to re- quire pyggesfoute. (8) A fiddle. Junius. (9) To talk, or chatter. Coles. (10) A hole made in the earth to dry fla.'i in. iMnc. GIGGA-JOGGIE. To shake, or rattle. See Florio, pp. 75, 144, 198, 439. GIGGING. Sounding. Skinner. GIGGISH. Trifling; silly; flighty; wanton. Giggisse, Skelton, i. 410. J^ast. GIGGLE. A flighty person. Salop. Cotgrave has this word, in v. Gadrouilletle. GIGLET. A giddy romping girl. West. This term, in early writers, generally implies wan- tonness or fickleness. It occurs under various forms, as gybelot in Pr. Parv. pp. 193, 194, which the editor wrongly considers an error. Sec, however, the examples here given. Gybldl is also found in the Bowes MS. hi Robert ile Brunne, p. .50. See Wright's Pol. Songs, p. 154 ; Ben Joiison, iii. 124 ; Midri',;ton, ii. 115 : Reliq. Antiq. ii. 40; Eu])hues Golden Legaeii , p. 88; Stanihurst, p. 26; Lilly, ed. 1632, sig. Dd. vi. Giggel, Cotgrave, in v. Biau. The proverb quoted from MS. Douce 52 occurs in the Scheie House of Women, p. 75. Ne yi to no coWcfsgliiyiig, Mhclyng, As it wer a strumpet other a guRitote. MS.Athnult fil, f. 7, A mcsse ys y-noghe for the. The touthery*l'or late hyt be. MS. HuW. 1701, (.iV. The smaller pesun, the more to pott. The fayrer woman the moTC gl/lolt. MS. noun il. GIG-MILLS. Mills used for the perching and burling of dolli. ISIounf. GIGSY. A wanton wench ; a whore. GIKE. To creak. North. GILCUP. The buttercup. Dorset. GILDED. Tipsy. An old cant term. GILDENE. Gilt. Maundc\-ilc, p. 81. GILDEU. A snare. "Tlie gilder of disp.na- eione," MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 21. It alto occurs in MS. Cott. Vespas. D. vii. Ps. 10. GIL 400 GIN Still used in the North for a snare for catch- ing birds. GILDS. Village greens or commons. North. GILE. See Chester Plays, i. 51. Perhaps syno- nymous with gat/e, tlie reading of MS. Bodl. 175. G^o/p, 'MS. Harl. GILEYSPEIvE. A trap, or device. Hearne. GILIR. A deceiver. See Urry, p. 550, where the Camb. MS. reads gilour, q. v. GILL. (1) A rivulet ; a ravine, narrow valley, or dell; a ditch, far. dial. According to Kennett, " a breach or hollow descent in a hill." (2) A pair of timber-wheels. Xorf. (3) A wanton wench. Kennett. It was for- merly a generic name for a woman. (4) The jaw-bone. Somerset. (5) A coarse apron. Prompt. Part. (6) A little pot. Prompt. Parv. GILLABER. To chatter nonsense. North. GILL-ALE. The herb ale-hoof. Devon. GILL-BURN'T-T.\IL. An ancient jocular name for the ignis fatinis. GILL-CREEPIbY-THE-GROUND. Ground ivy. Somerset. GILLER. Several horse hairs twisted together to form a tishing-hne. Chesh. GILLERY. Deceit ; trickery. North. Also here es forbodene gillery of weghte, or of tale, or of mett, or of mesure, or ttiorow okyre or violetiee, or drede. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f- i^- And jyf he lerne gylei-ye, Fals wurdc and fejnt treulyng with ye. MS. Harl. 1701, f. .^■). GILLET. An instrument used in thatching. SeeTusser, p. 147. GILLETING. Wedging the interstices of ash- lar work with small flint. GILL-FLIRT. a flightv girl. Kent. GILL-HOOTER. An owl. Chesh. GILLIVER. .\ wanton wench. North. GILLOFERS. Carnations, pinks, and sweet- wilUams. Whence the modern term Gilli- Jiower. GILLORE. Plenty. Robin Hood, ii. 144. GILLOT. Same as Giglet, q. v. GILLY'VINE-PEN. A black-leaded pencil. GILOFRE. Cloves. Rom. Rose, 1308. GILOUR. A deceiver. {A.-S.) For where groundist thou inGoddis lawe to close men in stones, hot if it were wode men, or giloureg of the pu|)le. .V.S. Digbi/ 41, f. 6. GILRY. Deceit. Y'waine and Gawain, 1604. Mony a shrew ther is On nyjt and als on day. And proves oft with thaire gilry How thai mvjt men betray. MS. Cantab. Ff. v. 48, f. 81 . Hyt ys a tnkene of felunnye To weyte hym with swych gt/lrye. MS. Harl. 1701, f. 44. GILSE. A kind of salmon. North. GILT. (1) A spayed sow. P'ar. dial. Some- times, a young pig or sow. Tak unto the mane the galle of the galte, and to the womane the galle of the gilt. MS. Litic. Med. (. .112. (2) Gold, or money. Middleton, ii. 197. (3) To commit a fault. Palsgrave. GILTELESS. Guiltless. Chaucer. GILTIFE. Guilty. -Yf otherwise I be }«7 (A.-N. jrto.) " A glazene howve," Piers Ploughman, p. 435. GLAZENER. A glazier. North. GLAZE-WORM. Aglow-worm. I.itlg. GLE. Mirth ; music. (./.-S.) The kyiig toke the cvippc anoi), AndM-lil, p.issilodion ! Ilym thojt it was gO(ie f^le. .1/.S-. Cantab. Ft. v. 48, f. SO. OLEA. Crooked. North. GLEAD. A kite. North. Cotgrave has, " Es- coiifle, a kite, puttocke, or glead." GLEAM. To cast or throw up filth firom her gorge, appUed to a hawk. GLEAN. (1) To sneer. Dorset. (2) A handful of corn tied together by a gleaner. Kent. " A glen, conspica," Nominale MS. GLEB. Smoothly ; glibly. And the like is reported of the pillars of the Temple Church, London, A:c. and not oneiy the vulgar swallow down this traduion ^'/trb, butseverati learned, and otherwise understanding persons, will not be perswaded to the contrary. Aubrei/'a Wilts, Ritt/al Soc. MS. p. 27J. GLEDDE. Shining ; brilliant. {A.-S.) Hym thowht he satte in gold A\\e gledde, Ashe was comely kynge with crowne. Jl/S. HaW. 2252, f. 125. GLEDE. (1) A burning coal; a spark of fire. See Perceval, 756;Isumbras, 452; Chron. Vi- lodun. p. 37 ; Piers Ploughman, p. 361. And tongys theryn also redd. As hyt were a brennyng gledd. M.S. Cantab. Ff. II. 38, f. 140. Tlioughe in his hert were lltelle play, Forthe he spronge as sparke of gU'dn. MS. Ha, I. 2252, f. 97. (2) A kite. Palsgrave. See Glead. " A glede, milvus," Nominale MS. With Oder mete shalt thou not leve, But that thys glede wylle ye geve. MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 86. GLEE. To squint. North. " I garde her gle," Skelton, i. 293. GLEEK. (1) Ajest.or scoff. Also, to jest. To give the gleek, i. e. to pass a jest on one, to make a person ridiculous. See Cotgrave, in V. Bonner. Used in the North for, to deceive or beguile. See Brockett, p. 135. (2) A game of cards, played by three persons with forty-four cards, each hand having twelve, and eight being left for the stock. To gleek was a term used in the game for gaining a de- cided advantage. To be glceked was the con- trary. A gleek was three of the same cards in one hand together. Hence three of anything was called a gleek, as in Fletcher's Poems, p. 131 ; Men-Miracles, 1050, p. 9. GLKE.M. A flash of lightning; a hot interval between showers in summer. Westmorel. GLEER. To slide, (hfordsh. GLEG. (1) Slippery; smooth. Cumb. (2) To glance aslant, or shly. Also, quick, clever, ailroit. North. GLE-MAN. A minstrel. (A.-S.) Piers Plough, man, p. 9K ; Wright's Lyric Poetrv.p. 49. GLEME. Viscous; clammy. Pahgrave. GLEMERANl). Glittering. Glemyrryng, Tor- rent of Portugal, p. 19. With tt-repys and with tredoure, Glemerimd hir sydc. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17. f. 133. GLEMTH. A glimpse. Norf. GLENCH. Same as G/em/A, q. V. Warw. GLENDER. To stare; to look earnestly. North. GLENT. (1) Glanced ; glided. Glrnt is a com- mon provincialism for a glance, or n start ; a slip, or fall; and also, to glance. " As he by glcnttys," MS. Morte Arthurc, f. 82. Se« GLI 404 GLO Tliynne's Debate, p. 1 8 ; Richard Coer de Lion, 5295 ; Chester Plays, i. 150, ii. 148. Glayvesgleterand thay glent On gleterand scheidys. ilS. Lincain A.i. 17, f. 131. (2) Gleaned. East. (3) To make a figure. North. GLERE. Any slimy matter Uke the glair of an egg. Mirr. Mag. p. 212. GLETHURLY. Smoothly ; quickly. So gtethurly the swyrde went, That the fyre owt of the pawment sprent. MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 125. GLEVE. A glaive, q. v. Chaucer. GLEW. Music; glee; mirth. W. Mapes, p. 347; Arthour and MerUn, p. 123. Also, to joy, or rejoice. Organes, harpe, and othere gtew, Hedrowje hem out of musik new. Cursor ilundi, J/.5. Cull Trin. Cantab, f. 10. Moche myrthe was them amonge. But ther gamyd hur no glewe. MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 74 There ys no solas undyr hevene. Of a! that a man may nevene. That shuld a man so moche glew, .\s agodewomman that loveth trew. MS. Harl. lyi. f. 13. No game schulde the glewe. MS. Cantub. It. ii. 38, f. 72. GLEWE. To glow. Isumbras, 394. GLEYGLOF. A kind of lilv. GLEYME. The rheum. Pr. Parv. GLEYNGE. Meloily ; minstrelsy. {A.-S.) GLIAND. Squinting. " Stroba, a woman glyande," Nominale MS. GLIB. (1) A large tuft of hair hanging over the face. According to Stanihurst, p. 44, the Irish were very " proud of long crisped bushes of heare, which they terme glibs, and the same they nourish with all their cunning." See also Holinshed, Conq. Ireland, p. 54 ; Chron. Ire- land, p. 134. (2) To castrate. See Nares, in v. (3) Smooth ; voluble. Xorth. Cotgrave has it in the sense of, smoothly, gently, in v. Doux- i/lmaitf, Escoiilement. GLIBBER. Worn smooth. North. Hence t/libbery, slippery, in Ben Jonson, and Dodsley, ix. 174. Still in use. GLICK, A jest, or joke. " Theres glicke for you," Lilly, ed. 1632, sig. Cc. vi. Giflford ex- l)liat!our bagj^e. MS. SiMne'i, f. 214. GNIPE. The rocky summit of a mountain. Also, to gnaw. North. GNOFFE. A chm-1 ; an old miser. See Chaucer, Cant. T. 3 1 88 ; Todd's lUust. p. 260. The country g-»0Q^e*, Hob, Dick, and Hick, With clubbes and clouted shooo, Shall fill up Dussyn dale With slaughtered bodies soone, Nor/ulke Furies, 1623. GNOGHE. Gnawed. See Gnetc. He shette hys tunfie before the gr: cys, And gnoghe hys ynward al to pecys. MS. HarL 1701, f. 24. GNOSTYS. Qu. an error for ^Aos#i/.«. Smnke and fyre there can owt welle, And many gnoslyx glowyng on glede. MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 4.9. GN0^^^3. Gnawed. Chaucer. GO. To walk. Isumhras, 56 ; Eglamour, 760. Sometimes for the part. pa. gone. Various phrases which include this word may be worth notice. Tu go abroail, to spread abroad. To go against one, to go to meet him. To go bad-ward, to fall in debt. To go darkling, to grope in the dark. To go comj)ass round, to encircle. Togo from a thing, ioAeny\i. To go forward, to prosper. To go out of kind, to do anything contrary to one's proper na- ture. To go quit, to escape a danger. All the go, quite tlie fashion. To go near, to be very near doing anything. How does it go with you, how do you fare ? To go to tlie world, to be married. GOAD. Same as gad, q. v. GOADS. Customs. Also, playthings. Lane. GOAF. A rick of corn in the straw laid up in a ham. Goaf-flap, a wooden heater to knock the ends of the sheaves, and make the goaf more compact. Goaf-stead, a division of a barn in which a goaf is placed. Norf. Tusser mentions the gofe-ladder, p. 9. GOAK. (1) To shrink; to contract ; to disco- lour by damp, &c. Yorksh. (2) The core of any fruit ; the yolk of an egg, &c. North. GOAL. At the game of camp, if a person can manage to get the ball between the two heaps of clothes made by liis own party, that side reckons one, which is called a goal. If the ball passes between the side-heaps, it is called a goal-by, and reckons only half a goal. GOALE. A barrow, or tumulus. GOAM. To look after, or provide for. Also, to grasp or clasp. North. GOAN. To vawn. Also as gaun, q. v. GOANDE. Going. Weler. GOATllOUSE. A brothel. Var.dial. GOATS. Stepping-stones. North. GOATS-LEAP. A kind of leap practised by some equestrians. North. GOB. (1) The mouth; saliva. North. Some- times, a copious expectoration. (2) A portion ; a lump. Yar. dial. Hence the phrase, to work by the gob. (3) To fill up ; to impede. Salop. GOBBEDE. Thane answers syr Gayous fulle gohhed^ wordes, Was emc to the emperour, and eriehymeselfene. Murte Arthurs, MS. Lincoln, t. 67. GOBBET. A morsel ; a hit. (A.-N.) Still in use. A large block of stone is called a gobbet by workmen. GOBBIN. A greedy clownish person. Also, a spoilt child, /'or. dial. GOBBLE. (1) A chattering. Deri. (2) To do anything fast. I'ar. dial. (3) A turkev-cock. Var. dial. GOBBLE-GUT. A greedy fellow. Line. GOBBLER. A tiu-key-cock. Suffolk. GOB BON. Same as Gob (1). GO-BET. A hunting phrase, equivalent to go along. See Bet (8). Our second extract cu- riously illustrates a passage in Chaucer, Leg. Dido, 288. Go bet, Wat, with Crystes curse ! The next tyme thou shal be take ; I have a hare pype in my purse. That shall be set, Watte, for thi sake. MS. Cantab. Ff. v. 48, f. 110. Old Fatlier of the Pye, I cannot sing, my lips are dry ! But when my lips are very well wet. Then I can sing with the, Heigh, yo brti Hunting Song, Denn MiUea MS. GOBETTYD. A term used in dressing fish, for taking the garbage out. Bernen. GO-BETWEEN. A pimp. Dekker. GOBLOCK. A lump of anything ; an irregular mass. North. GOD 407 GOG GOBONE. Qu. Gob one ? Thay gobone of the gretteste with growndoneswerdes Hewes one thas hulkes with theire harde wapyns. Morte Arthure, MS. Lincoln, f. 9C. GOBSLOTCH. A greedy clown ; a (firty vora- cious eater. North. GOBSTICK. A spoon. Korth. GOBSTRING. A bridle. / ar. dial. GOB-THRUST. A stupid fellow. North. GO-BY. To give one the go-by, i. e. to deceive him, or to leave him in the lurch ; to over- pass. The second turn a bare made in cours- ing was called her gn-tiij. Our olil dramatists often ridicule a phrase introduced by Kyd in his Spanish Tragedy, aj). Dodsley, iii. 103, " Go by, Hieronirao," wliii h even seems to have become proverbial. GO-BY-THE-GROUND. A diminutive pcr.-on. East. The ground '\\^ is called Giil-go-by-th ;- ground in the prorinces. GOCHE. A pot, or pitcher. Wills. GOCKEN. To be ravenous. lAnc. GOD. God before, or God lo-fome, God going before and assisting. Cod to friend, God being protector. GOD-ALMIGHTY'S-COW. The lady-bird. GOD-CAKE. A particular description of cake which it is customary on New Y'ear's Day for sponsors to send to tlieir godchildren at Coventry j a practice which appears to be pecu- har to that city. GODCEPT. A godfather. This occurs in Holinshed, Chron. Ireland, p. 78. GODDARD. (1) A fool. North. (2) A kind of cup or goblet. " A woodden goddet or tankard," Florio, p. 80. GODDARTLY. Cautiously. Citmb. GODDEN. Good even. North. We have also goday, good day. See Meritoii, p. 100. The kyng seid, graniercy and have gndtiy ! The scheperde onswerid and said, nay. ilS. CaMiib. VC. V. 48, f. .M GODDERHELE. Better health ! Goderhaylle, Towneley Mysteries, p. 89. GODDOT. An oath which occurs frequently in Havclok. The editor is clearly right in con- sidering it a corruption of God trot, so many oaths being amalgamiscd in a similar manner. In the notes to Pr. Pan', p. 201, it is confused with God-late, or God-vifdr, whicli are e\'i- dcntly of a ditfcTcnt origin. I have purposely omitted a host of oaths of this description, as they are for the most part easy of sululion, and in any case are not of sufficient worth to balance their impiety. GODE. Wealth ; goods. (.I.-S.) Still re- tained in Cheshire. Wilbraham, p. 43. GODELE. Gooilly. Emarc, 503. Fcyrc and lunRC was he thore, A goflelj/uf man wan none bore. M.S: Canlab. Ff. il. :18. f. 174. GODELYIIEDE. Goodness. (A.-S.) GODENESS. .-tt godenesse, at advantage. Sec Rom. Rose, U,"):!, 3102. GODUSEIE. The herb clary. The Latin name is gaUitritum in MS. Sloane 3, f. 5. GODFATHERS. An old cant term for jurjmen. Sec Ben Jonson, v. 139. GODHEDE. Goodness. Kyng Alls. 7060. GOD-ILD-Y'OU. A corruption of God yield you, i. e. reward or bless you. GODLEC. Goodness. Wright's .\nec. Lit. p. 8. GODLYCHE. Goodly ; politely. "Godlychche l]}Tgrct," Degrcvant, 075. GOD.NEDAY'. Good-day. Ritson. GOD-PAYS. A profane expression formerly used by disbanded soldiers, implying th,at they had no money thenioelves, and must therefore borrow or beg. Hence God-to-pay, a hopeless debt, nothing. Sec Ben Jonson, viii. 00, 158. GODPHERE. A goilf.ither. Jonson. GOD'S-BLESSIiNG. To go out of God's blessing into the warm sun, a proverbial phrase for quitiing a Ixitter for a worse situation. See Nares and Ray. GODSEND. Any good fortune quite unex- pected. On the coast a wreck is sometimes so called. / ar. dial. GOD'S-GOOD. Yeast . /'or. dial. See Lilly, ed. 1632, sig. Aa vii ; Florio, p. 130. It is spelt gosyood in some provincial glossaries. Forby is clearly wrong in his explanation, as the re- ferences to Lillv and Florio indisputablv show. GODSHARLD. 'God forbid! Yorhsh. ' GODSIB. A godfather. Chaucer. GODSPEED. An exclamation addressed to a person commencing a journey, implying the speaker's anxiety for his speedy and safe transit. Still in use. GOD'S-PENNY. Earnest-money. North. "A God's-pennie, an earnest-pennic,'' Florio, p. 39. GOD'S-SAKE. A child kept for God's sake, i. e. a foster-child. See Nomcuclator, p. 20 ; Florio, p. 22. GOD'S-SANT Y. An oath, supposed by Stecvens to be corrupted from God's sanctity. GOD'S-TRLTH. An absolute truth. GOEL. Y'ellow. JJas/. "The goeler and younger," Tnsser, p. 120. GOETIE. Witchcraft. Blount. GOFER. A species of tea-cake of an oblong form, made of flour, milk, eggs, and currants, baked on an iron made expressly for the jnir- pose, called a gofering iron, and divided into square compartments. Line. GOFERING-W ORK. A sort of crimping per- formed on frills, caps, &c. GOFF. (1) An oaf or fool. North. (2) .\ game played by striking hard slutted balls witli clubs. He who drives his ball into the liole with fewest stiokes is (he winner. It was a common game in England in the reign of James I. See DF^ves, i. 48. (3) A gotlfathcr. Calh. .Ingl. (iOFFLE. To gobble up; to eat fast. Essex. GOFI'KAM. A clown. Cumb. (JOFISII. Foolish. Chaucer. (iOFLE. A small basket. Line. GOG. .\ bog. Oriin. Aubrey, in his MS. Niil. Hist. Wills, p. 50, mentions "a boggy place called the Gogges." GOL 408 GOL GOGE. The throat. Nominale MS. GOGGLE. To swallow. " Gulped, or goggled downe," Cotgrave, in v. Goularde. GOGGY. An egg. Craven. GOGING-STOOL. A cucking-stool, q.v. GOGION. A gudgeon. See HoUyband's Dic- tionarie, 1593, in v. Aspron. GOG-MIRE. A quagmire. Fulke. GOIGH. Very merry. Devon. GOIL. Spongy ground. Milles MS. GOING. (1) A right of pasturage on a common for a beast. Suffolk. (2) Going to the vault, an expression sometimes used by hunters when a hare takes ground like a rabbit. GOIXG-OUT. Visiting. Var. dial. GOINGS-ON. Proceedings. Var. dial. GOISTER. To laugh loudly. Line. Also, to brag ; to enter into a frolic. GOJONE. The gudgeon of a wheel ; also, the fish so called. Pr. Pan. GOKE. A fool. Rehq. Antiq. i. 291. Ben Jonson has gokt, stupefied. Goky, a gawky, a clown, Piers Ploughman, p. 220. '• A goky, a gokin vel gakin, stultus,^* Milles MS. GOKERT. Awkw.ird ; clumsy. Var. dial. GOLD. The plant turnsol. It is also applied to corn-niarygold and wild myrtle. Th.it she sprcinge up out of the molde Into 3 tlourewas named ^/tie. Gown-, ei 1554, f. 120. GOLD-CRAP. The herb crow-foot. See HoUyband's Dictionarie, 1593, in v. Bassinets. Called iilso gold-cup. GOLDEFOME. Copper. Nominale MS. GOLDEN-BUG. The ladybird. Suffolk. GOLDEN-CHAFER. A green beetle, very com- mon ill the month of June. far. dial. GOLDEN-CHAIN. Yellow laburnum. TFest. GOLD-END-MAN. One who buys broken pieces of gold and silver ; an itinerant jeweller. See Ben Jonson, iv. 79. GOLDEN-DROP. A kind of plum. Also, a varietv of wheat, far. dial. GOLDEN-EYE. The bird anas elangula. It is called ttolduyem Arch. xiii. 343. GOLDEN-HERB. The plant orach. North. GOLDEN-KNOP. The ladv-bird. East. GOLDEN-WITHY. Bog miitle. South. GOLDFINCH. A piece of gold; a purse. Mid- dleton, i. 283. A sovereign is now so called. GOLD-FINDER. An old jocular name for a per- son who cleaned a jakes. GOLDFLOWER. Golden cudweed ; the aurelia, according to Florio, p. 166. GOLDFRE. A welt of gold : explained aurifigium in Nominale MS. GOLD-HEWEN. Of a golden colour. (A.-S.) GOLD-HOUSE. A treasury. On the morowe, tho hyt was day. The kyng to hys g<>tde-h»ifs toke hys way. MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 133. GOLDING. A marrgold. Chesh. GOLD-KNAP. The' herb crow-foot. Huloet. GOLD-NEPS. A kind of small red and yellow early ripe pear. Chesh. GOLDS^IITHRIE. Goldsmith's work. {A..S.) GOLDSPINK. The goldfinch. North. GOLD-WEIGHT. To the gold-weight, i. e. to the minutest particulars, gold-weights being very exact. See Jonson, v. 360. GOLDY. Of a gold colour. As ofte as sondys be in the salte se, And fo/dy gravel in thestreinysrieh, MS. Cantab. Ff. i.6,f. 12. GOLE. (1) Big; full; florid; prominent; rank, as grass, &c. Ea.^t. (2) The jaw-bone. Nominale MS. (3) A ditch or small stream. North. Also, a whirl-pool ; a flood-gate, or sluice. See Dug- dale's Imbankiug, 1662, p. 276. " A gool, lacuna, vid. Skinnerum ; item, a current of water in a swampy place, and generally where it is obstructed with boggs ; likewise, a hollow between two hills ; a throat ; a narrow vale," Dean Milles MS. p. 132. Than syr Gawayne the gude a galaye he takyv. And glides up at a i,'ole with pud mene of armes. M'irle .4rthurs, .VS. Li«c-i/H, f. 92. (4) A fool ? " Greate dole for a gole," Chester Plays, i. 229. Gowle, MS. Bodl. 175. GO-LESS. I cannot go less, i. e., I cannot ac- cept of less, I cannot play for a smaller sum. " Goe lesse, at primero," Cot grave, in v. Mantjue. GOLET. The throat, or gullet. (A.-N.) A part of armour or dress which covered the throat was so called. Throwghe gvlet and gorgere he hurtez hym ewyne. Morte Jrthure, MS. Lincoln, f. 72. Be the golett of the hode Johne pulled the inunke downe. MS. Cantab. Ff. ». 4B, f. 139. GOLIARDS. The best account o( the goliardi ia given in Mr. Wright's preface to Walter Mapes, p. X. " They appear," says Mr. Wright, " to have been in the clerical order somewhat the same class as the jongleurs and minstrels among the laity, riotous and un- thrifty scholars who attended on the tables of the richer ecclesiastics, and gained their hving and clothing by practising the profession of buffoons and jesters. The name appears to have originated towards the end of the twelfth century ; and, in the documents of that time, and of the next century, is always connected with the clerical order." In the Decretal. Bonifacii VIII. Univ. Oxon. they are thus mentioned, sejoculatores seu goliardosfaciunt aid biffones. See other quotations of a simi- lar import in Ducange. GO-LIE. To recline ; to be laid by the wind ; to subside. Somerset. Perf. wenl-lie ; part. i/onp-Iie. GOLIONE. A kind of gown. And alle was do ry;t as sche bad, He hath hire in his clothis clad, And caste on hire his golinne, Whiche of the skyn of a Hone Was made, as he upon the wey It slow ; and over this to pleye Sche took his gret mace also, .'Hnd knitte it at hire girdille tho. Goicer, MS. Soc. Antig. 134, f. IJO. GON 409 GOO GOLL. (1) Ahand, or fist. East. "How cold they are, poor goUs," Bcaum. aud Flet. i. 97. See Hawkins, iii. 119. (2) To strike or blow with violence ; to rush, as wind does. North. (3) The gullet, NominaleMS. More properly the ball of the throat. Selhen he went to theskulle, And hewytl asonder the throte gn'tf. MS. CanM: Ff. ii. .T8. f. 115. GOLLAND. This plant is alluded to by Turner as the ranunculus or crowfoot, and Crockett mentions a yellow flower so called without giving its other name. It is probably that species which is described by Gerard, p. 810, as the double crowfoot or yellow batchelor's- huttons. " Goulands, Bor. corn-marigolds," Kennett, MS. Lansd. 1033. GOLL.\R. To shout ; to snarl. North. GOLLOP. A large morsel. Somerset. GOI.LS. Fat chops ; ridges of fat on a corpident person. East. GOLOSSIANS. Galoshes. Arch. xi. 95. GOLP. A sudden blow. Devon. GOLSH. To swallow quickly. North. GOLSOGHT. The jaundice. Envus man may lyknyd be To the gohught, that es a payne, Mene may se it in mans eene. R. de Brunne, MS. Bowes, p. 46. GOME. (1) A man. {A.-S.) This continued in use till the time of the civil wars. It occurs in early versions of the Ps,ilmsiu place of the modern Gentile. See Reliq. Antiq. i. 77, ii. 211 ; Lybeaus Disconus, 1091. (2) Black grease. Upton's MS. Additions to Junius in the Bodl. Lib. (3) Heed; care. Kennett has, " to qome, to mind or be intent upon." See Goani ; R. Glouc. p. 57. A.S. gyman. -Son, he seide, take good /iome, 3yven tliou hast thin owne dome. Cursor Mundi, MS. Coll. Trin. Canlab.f.HO. (4) A godmother. Cotgrave. GOMEN. Gamejplav. W. Mapes, p. 34 7. GOMEKILL. A silly fellow. North. GOMMACKS. Tricks ; foolery. East. GOM.MAN. Gomman, paterfamilias ; gommer, materfamilias. Milles' MS. Glossary. Skinner has //oraan. GOMME. The gum. Chaucer. GON. (1) Since : ago. Reliq. Antiq. i. CI. (2) Gave. Also, to give. Var. dial. GONE. (1) Dead; expired. I'ar. dial. {2) A term in archery, when the arrow was shot beyond the mark. The same teriii is stiil used in tlie game of bowls, when the bowl runs be- yonrl the jack. Nares. " I am gone, or overcast at bowles," Howell. GONEIIi. Same as ComerW, q. V. GONFANON. A banner or standard. (J.-N.) See Sir Trislrem, pp. 115, 210; Kyng Ali- saundcr, 1963; Langtoft, pp.30, 330. Whan thay wi-rc rcdy for t" ryde, They rcysfd sptrt- and gimftiuuutte. MS. Hurl. 2l>52, f. 11'2. GONGE. (1) Togo. See Ellis, ii.399. Jhesu thoujt hit was ful longc, Withouten felowshipe to g-o"A'*. Ctlrsor Mundi, MS. Coll. Trin. Carttab { U-J. (2) A Jakes. " The devels gonge-house of helle," MS. quoted in MS. Lansd. 1033. Gonge- farmer, a cleaner of jakes, Palsgrave. Gonge- fermourer, Cocke Lorelles Bote, p. 3. Stowe has gouny for dung. See Nares in v. Goung. Jak, if every hous were honest toete fleish inne. Than were it honest to etc in a pvnge, its. Digbi/ 41, f. S. And was adrad nyghe owt of hys wytte, And caste hyt yn a gonge-pytte. MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 1.13. GONHELLY. A Cornish horse. More's MS. Additions to Ray, Mus. Brit. GONMER. An old person. Devon. GONNE. A machine for expeUingbaUs ; a gun, but not necessarily used with gunpowder. Chaucer, however, has the term in exactly the modern sense. GONNERHEAD. A stupid person. North. Probably fro'u gonner, a gander. GONY. A great goose. Glouc. GOO. Good. See Arch. XXX. 408. GOOA. Togo. far. dial. GOOCHY. Indian rubber, far. dial. GOOD. (1) Rich. A mercantile use of the word common in old plays. (2) Verv. Good sawcily, Thorns' Anec. p. 74. GOOD-BROTHER. A brother-in-law. GOOD-CHEAP. Extremely cheap. It answers to hon-marcht in Cotgrave. In Donee's col- lection is a fragment of an early book printed by Caxton, who promises to sell it " good chepe." See Fletcher's Poems, p. 72. GOOD-DAWNING. Good-morrow. West. GOOD-DAY. A holiday. Staff. GOODDIT. Shrove-tide. North. Shrove Tues- day is called Goodies-Tuesdav. GOOD-DOING. Charitable ; kind. East. GOODED. Prospered. Devon. GOOD-ENOUGH. Passable. Shak. GOOD-FELLOWS. A cant term for thieves. "Good fellows be thieves," Ileywood's Edwai-d IV. p. 42. GOOD-FEW. A fair number. North. GOODGER. Goodman, or husband. Also a term for the devil. Devon. GOOD-HOUU. A favouralile time, a phrase ap- ]jlied to a woman in labour. COOD-HUSSEY. A thread-case. West. GOODIN. A good thing. Yorksh. GOODING. To go a gooding, among poor peo- ple, is to go about before Christmas to collect money or corn to enable them to keep the festival. Kent. GOODISH. Rather large or long. I'ar. dial. " A gnodish step," a long way. GOOD-KING-llAKRV. The herb goose-foot. GOODLK'll. Convenicntlv. See Nichols' Royai Wills, p. 1 18 ; Test. Vetu'st. p. 139. GOOD-LIKE. Handsome. Good-like-nanght, handsome Init worthless. North. 26* GOO 410 GOR GOOP LORD. A term formerly applied to a patron or benefactor. GOODLY. Fresh or gay in apparel. GOODLYHEDE. Goodness. (J.-S.) GOOD-MAN. The landlord or master of a house. See Sevyn Sages, 3869 ; Matthew, .ts. 11. In the provinces, a woman terms her husband her good-man. GOODMANTURD. A worthless unpleasant fel- low. See Florio, p. 160. GOOD-MLND. Good humour. East. GOOD-MISTRESS. A patroness. GOOD-NIGHTS. A species of minor poems of the l>allad kind. Nares. GOOD-NOW. A phrase equivalent to, Do you know, you musf know. JJ'enf. GOOD-OUTS. Doing well. far. dial. GOODS. Cattle ; dairv produce. Aorth. GOODSCHIPE. Goodness. (.^.-S.) And for the t,''io{is:hipe of this dede, They grauiiten him a lusty raede. Gower, MS. Six. A'lliq. 134, f. ll?. GOOD-SPEED. Yeast. Florio, p. 130. GOOD-TIDY. Moderate; reasonable. East. GOOD-TI.ME. A festival. Jonson. GOOD-TO. Good for. See Pe^ge, in v. GOOD-WOMAN. A wife. far. dial. GOOD-WOOLLED. A good-wooUed one, i. e., a capital good fellow. Line. GOODY. (I) Good-wife. This term is addressed only to poor women. North. Chaucer has good-life, ed. Urry, p. 160. (2) To prosper ; to appear good. West. GOOD-YE.\R. Corrupted by our old writers from yonjere, the French disease. GOOF. A kind of sweet cake. East. GOOGEN. A gudgeon. See Clerk's edition of Witlials' Diclionarie, 1608, p. 36. GOOKEE. To hang down. Devon. GOOM. To file a saw. Var. dial. GOOR DY. Plump or round. We shal so bowel that scrippe or bagge of his with strokes, by pynchynge or nyppyng meale, being nowe swollen with moche brasse, i. whiche is now borely or goordy, or stroutted out with moche money. Acolwttus, 1540. GOOSE. (,11 A silly fellow. I'ar.diaL (2) .\ tailor's smoothing iron. (3) .V game described by Strutt, p. 336. On the Stationers' registers, 16th June, 1597, was licensed, " The newe and most pleasant game of the ^oose." (4) A breach made bv the sea. GOOSEBERRY. To play old gooseberry, i. e., to create a great confusion. GOOSE-BILL. The herb goose-grass. GOOSE-CAP. A silly person. Devon. "A sot, Esse, goosecap," Cotg. in v. Grue. GOOSECHITE. The herb agrimony. GOOSE-FEAST. Michaelmas. Line. GOOSE-FLESH. The roughness of the skin produced hv cold. / 'ar. dial. GOOSE-GOG. The gooseberry, far. dial. GOOSE-GRASS. Catch-weed. North. GOOSE-HEARD. One who takes care of geese. See Harrison, p. 223. " Ancarius, a gosherd." Nominale MS. GOOSE-HOUSE. A parish cage, or small tem- poran' prison. Suffolk. GOOSE'-INTENTOS. a word used in Lanca- shire, where the husbandmen claim it as a due to have a goose-intentos on the sixteenth Sun- day after Pentecost ; which custom took origin from the last word of this old church prayer of that day.— r«a nos gueesiinus Domine, gratia semper prcf venial el sequat ur : ac bonis operibusjugiter pr(psfet esse intentos. Common people mistake it for a goose with ten toes. Blount's Glossographia, ed. 1681, p. 2S0. GOOSEMAN-CHICK. a gosling, .\orth. GOOSE-SMERE. A kind of axungia men- tioned in MS. Sloane 5, t 2. GOOSE-TANSY. Silver-weed. North. GOOSE-TONGUE. Sneeze-wort. Craven. GOOSE-TURD-GREEN. A colour in apparel alluded to in Hairison, p. 172 ; Cotgrave, in V. Merde. Jonson, iv. 415, mentions " goose- green starch," and a waistcoat made of gosling green is named in the Vicar of Wakefield, eh. xii. p. 59. GOOSHARETH. The herb goose-grass. GOOSIIILL. A gutter, mils. GOOSIER. A goose-heard, q. v. Somerset. GOOSTLICHE. SpirituaUv. (J.-S.) GOOT. Goeth. Arch. ixx. 408. GOOT-BUCKIS. He bucks. Jriciliffe. GOPE. To talk vulgarly and loud ; to snatch, or grasp. Curnb. GOPPEN-FULL. A large handfid. North. See Cotgrave, in v. Jointe. GOPPISH. Proud ; pert ; testy. North. GOR. ( 1 ; Dirty ; miry ; rotten. North. (2) A young miflcdgedbird. Westm. (3) ,\ clownish fellow. Somerset. GORBELLY. A person with a large belly. Devon. See Hollyband, 1593,in v. «m/a«i>r,- 1 Henry IV. ii. 2.' GORBIT.' Same as Gor (2). YorisA. GORBLE. To eat, or gobble. North. GORCE. .V wear. Blount, in v. GORCHANDE. Grumbling. R. de Hrunne. GORCOCK. The red grouse. North. GORCROW. A carrion-crow. Pennant. This biril is mentioned by Ben Jonson. GORD. A narrow stream of water. See Ken- nett's Gloss, p. 80. " A whirlpool, or deep hole in a river," Blount's Gloss, ed. 1681, p. 290. GORDE. (1) Girded on. Meyrick, i. 177. (2) To strike, or spur. Gawai/ne. GORE. (1) Mud; dirt. LybeaiisDisconus, 1471. Still in use in Norfolk. (2) A-gore, bloody. See Moor's Suffolk W'ords, p. 154. and .4gnre. p. 32. (31 The lowest part in a tract of country. North. It is explained by Kennett, a small narrow slip of ground. Gloss, p. 80. (4) k piece of cloth inserted. This is the ex- planation in the Craven Gloss, i. 192, and it may be more fully described as a diagonal seam inserted at the bottom of a shift, shirt, robe. GOS 411 GOU or gown, to give breadth to the lower part of it. Florio lias, " Gheroni, the gores or gussets of a sliirt or smock." See Chaucer, Cant. T. 3237. It is often used by very early writers in the phrase under tjore^ i. e. under the clothing. This explains a disputed passage in Sir Thojias. "Gouthlich under gore," MS. Digby 86. " Glad under gore," Wright's Lyric Poetry, p. 26. See also Wright's I'ol. Songs, p. 152. Gorp-ctto/, a gown or petticoat gored, or so cut as to he broad at the bottom, and narrower at the upper part, Exmoor Scolding, ]i. 39. (5) To make u)) a mow of hay. Line. GORE-HLOOL). Clotted blood. Shak. We have yorwotnidede in Ucliq. Antiq. i. 55. GORELL. A great clownish lad. Glntony that gitrell U tlie vjte. synne, That men use of in delicat fedyng of mete. MS iMUil. 410, f. flu. GORGAYSE. A woman's tucker. Skelton,ii.391. GORGE. The throat ; the moutli. (.•/ -,V.) A hawk when fidl-fed was said to bear full gorge. To give over the gorge, i. e. to be sick. GORGEAUNT. A boar in the second year. An old hunting term. GORGER. Armour for the throat. (.^.-.V.) See Lylieaus Disconus, 1618. Nowe 1 wol sey thee of the gwr^er, wtncheshoultle kepe the throte-botle. /i..m. o/the Mm,k, Sion CUIi-ge MH. GORGET. " A kerclief wlierwith women cover their pappes," Baret, 1580. GORGE Y. To shake, or tremble. West. GORISOUN. A youth ; a page. (^.-A'.) GORLE. To devour eagerly. Soulh. GORM. To smear ; to daub. Aorth. GORMA. A cormorant. North. GORN. A small jiail with one handle. Derbysh. GORNEY. A journey. Robin Hood, i. 85. GORONS. Bars and cram]>s of iron to secure the upper stones of a jiinnacle. ISIoaam. GORREIJ,. A fat person. Cotgrave has this word, in v. Ilredaillcr. In Craven, yorry, very fat, nauseously fat. GORSE. Furze. I'ar. dial. " The firse or gorse," Elvot, 1559, in v. I'aliiirus. GORSEIIOI'VeR. The wbinchat. Clifuh. GORST. The juniper-tree, but more commonly the same as guru; q. v. GOSE. Go. Chaucer. And Rraythe jowi* to jone grene wodc. And 6'"*e over thcr nedts. Moft, And golere droppand over ci the oft. M.S. Egeiloti 614, f. 48. Bankes flowen of tloode abowtein the vale. And out of the gaye golde goterts ther jode. MS. Cull. Calig. .\ ji. f. 114. GOTFER. An old man. Uilts. GOTHAM. A wise man of Gotham, i. e. a fool. It is scarcely necessary to allude to the v\ ell- known collectiim of tales of the wise men of Gotham, repr. 1840. Gotham is also a cant term for Newcastle. GOTHARD. A foolish fellow. Aorth. GOTIIELEN. To grumble, or rumble, as the stomach does. (.'/.-.S.) COTllERLY. Kind ; soci.tble. Aor/h. GOTIISE.MAY. Gossamer. Lady Al. 1659. GO-TO. Don't go to, not able to. I'ar. dial. The phrase go to, in old colloquial language, and often introduced in old plays, has not, 1 believe, been ]>roperly explained. It is equi- valent to, veil, well nuu; well then, or go on ; and it occurs in the French Alphabet, 8vo. Lond. 1615, as the translation of or *u«. Florio has, " //( ;• bene, well, go loo, it is well now." GO-TO-BED-AT-NOON. Goat's beard. GOTOL'RS. Luiujis; impurities? Tak the rutes of nion He and wnsche thame and stamp thame wele, and lay thame to the fester al mornc and at evenc, and ever clence it wele of goliiurK, and wasche it with hate wyne. MS. Line. Med. (. ai3. GOTTED. Gotten. Skelton. (iOTY. A pitcher, or gotcli, q. v. GOUD-SPINK. A goldliuch. Craren. GOUL. (l)The gum of the eye. North. See Cotton's Works, 1734, p. 125. " A Idemniish GOV 412 GRA or watirish matter in sore eyes called of some goiole," Florio, p. 104. (2) A liut, or cottage. Cumb. GOULFE. A goaf of corn. Palsgrave. GOUND. A yellow secretion in the comers of the eyes. North. Left unexplained in Arch. XXX. 408. " Goxcnde of the eye," Pr. Paiv. "Gound, sorrfes oculorum condensatee per tolnm agrnm Line, vulgatissime appeJinntnr" Skin- ner. In MS. Med. Line. f. 283 is a receipt " for hlered eghne and gundy ;" and gunny eyes are explained sore running et/es in the Yorkshire Dialogue, 1697, p. 100. The gound is well explained hy Milles to lie oculorum gramia qute ab oculis distillate and if the old text in the passage inTimon of A., i. 1, " Our Poesie is as a Gowne," ed. 1623, p. 80, is in any way correct, we have in this word gouiid, or gownde, as it is spelt in Pr. Pan', p. 206, the genuine old reading, which Tieck tries to make sense of in a difl'erent manner. The distil/at of Milles answers to the uses or oozes of Shake- speare. Right so pleynly thorowe the gotindj/ sight Of erytikes, ne may not susteyne For to beholtle the clerenesse of this quene. Lydpale, lUS. .4shm„le :i9, f . .%. GOUXE-CLOTH. Cloth enough to make a gown. Chaucer. GOURD. (V) A species of false dice, mentioned in the Merry W. of W. i.3. (2) A vessel to carrv hquor in. See Chaucer. Cant. T. 17031. (3) " Afjuikgiinny a gourde of water, whiclie com- meth of ravnc,"Elvot, 1559. GOURMANDIZE. Gluttony. Spenser. GOURY. Dull ; sttipid-looking. Sorth. GOUSII. A stream. .Also, to make a noise, as water when gushing out. GOUT. The gateway bridge over a watercourse ; a drain. IVarw. GOUTHLICH. Goodly. {A.-S.) Wis he wes of lore. And gouthlich under gore. Wright's .4necd. Lit. p. 2. GOUTOUS. Rich ; di'.icate, especially applied to made dishes. Ord. and Reg. p. 473. " Luk ay that he ette no gowttous mette," MS. Med. Line. f. 310. So called probably on account of rich meats causing that disease. " Gotows mann or viomnxme, guttosus," Pr. Parv. p. 206. G»(^^s-(Min Med. Lat. corresponds toarMnY/cu.'i. GOUTS. (1) Drops. Macbeth, ii. 1. There is no doubt of the correctness of this explana- tion. Gowtyth for droppeth occurs in an early English MS. mentioned in Arch. xxx. 408. (2) The spots on a hawk, an ancient term in fal- conry. See Diet. Rust, in v. GOVE. (1) To stare vacantly. North. (2) To make a mow. Tusser, p. 176. This is an- other form of goaf, q. v. (3) Given. Lydgate. GOVELE. To get money by usiU7. It is a substantive in Digby Myst. p. 191. He govelyde gode with alle hys niyght. R. de Brunne, MS. Boive.i, p .'». GOVERNAILLE. Government; steerage. (y^.-.V.) GOVE-TUSHED. Having projected teeth. Derb GOW. (1) Wild mjTtle. Florio, p. 4. (2) Let us go. Suffolk. An abbreviation of r/o jce plur. imper. oi go. In the Northern counties, gowa, or gooa. GOWARCE. A round chisel used for making hollows. North. GO-WAY'. Give way ; cease. Go M'rty, dou;tur, sich thyng ! I wille no more of thi playng. 31S. Cantab. Ft. V. 48, f. 44. GOW'BERT. A goblet, or drinking-vcssel. GOWCES. The pieces of armour which protect the arm-pit when the arm is raised. Uin-begrippys a spere, and to a gome rynnys. That bare of gowles fulle gaye with gowces of sy vere. Moite Aithure, MS. Linctiln, f. V2. GOM'D. (1) A toy or gaud. North. (2) To cut dirty wool from off the tails of sheep. North. The wool so cut off is called gowdens. GOWDER. Futuo. North. GOWDYLAKIN. A plaything. Northumb. GOWER. (1) .A great dish or platter for potage. IVintou. Kennett's MS. Gloss. (2) A kind of cake, formerly made for children at Christmas. North's Toy-Book, 1665. GOWGE. The gauge or measure. The gowge seyd, the devyles dyrte Fore anything that thou canne wyrlte ! yugiv P''rfu-/r, p. IH. GOWIL-SOWGIIT. This is translated by glab- coma in Nominale MS. GOWK. A cuckoo. Also as goke, q. v. Hence Gowk-spit, cuckoo spit. North. GOWLARE. An usurer. Pr. Pan: GOWLE. To cry sulkily. North. Brockett says " to threaten in a kind of howl." Gloss, cd. 1829, p. 138. See ReUq. Antiq. i. 291 ; Tim- dale, pp. 15, 39. For unnethes es a chylde borne fully. That it ne begynnes to gowle and crye. Hampolf^, MS Bones, p. 25. GOWLED. Gummed up. See Gout (1). GOWLES. Gules. Rehq. Antiq. i. 324. The crest that on his helmees, Es a lady of gowlis in hir rechcs. MS. Lincoln .\. I. 17. f. 141. A lyone tyed till an ake Of gitwlys and grene. MS. Ihid. f. VM. GOWSTY. Dreary ; frightful ; ghastly ; dismal or uncomfortable. North. GOW'T. A sink ; a vault. West. GOWTE. A swelling. Arch. xxx. 408. GOWTOXE. To gutter as a candle. " Gow- tone as candelys," Pr. Parv. GOXIDE. Yawned ; gaped. Baljer. GOYSE. Goes. Towneley Myst. p. 13. GOYTE. The same as gote, q. v. GOZELL. A guzzle, or ditch. " Traghitto, any ferrie, a passage, a foard, or gozeU over from shore to shore," Florio. GOZZ.W. An old nig grown yellow from age and wearim;. Comw. GOZZARD. ^Vfool. Line. GR.\.AL. A large dish, a large hollow basin, fit for serving up meat. The St. Graal was the vessel in which our Saviour ate the last sup- GRA 413 GRA per with his apostles, and is fabled to have been preserved by Joseph of Arimathea. Va- rious miracles are said to have been performed by means of this dish, and it is a fre(iuent subject of allusion in some of the old ro- mances, as an object in search of which nu- merous knights-errants spent their lives. See further in Roquefort. GR.\B. To seize, or snatch ; to steal. Also, a snap or bite. far. dial. GRABBLE. To grapple. Devon. "To grabble or grope a wench," Miege. CRABBY. Grimy ; filthy. Kmt. GRAB-STOCK. A young crab-tree, or the cut- ting of one. Dorset. GRACE. Ilarde grace, misfortune. GR\CE-CUP. A large cup in a monastery or college, passed round the table after grace was said. See Davies' Ancient Rites, 1672, p. 126. GRACE-OF-GOD. The plant hartshorn. See Topsell's Foure-footed Beasts, p. 126. GRACES. Thanks ; gifts. Wickliffe. GRACE-WIFE, k midwife. Durham. GRACIA-DEI, A medicine so called, described in MS. Med. Line. f. 308. GRACIOUS. Agreeable ; graceful. It occurs m Chaucer and Shakespeare. GRACY-DAYS. Daffodils. Devon. GRADDE. Cried for ; cried to. (A.-S.) And thcnk, as thou hast herd me telle. How Brace he gradde.mi grace he hadJe. CMUer, MS. DoM. 294. He porveidehim of a scliip, And over the watere ladde, Everch tyme daij and nyjt Allc that to him srorfrff. MS. Laud. 108, f. U7. GRADE. Prepared ; got ready. {A.-S.) GR.IDELY. Decently; orderly; moderately Also an adjective. North. GRADUATE. A physician. Suffolk. GRAF. The depth of a spade's bit in digging. Salop. Hence, to dig. Perhaps from jra/e, a husbandman. Spade-graf, the quantity of stuff turned up by the spade at once. GRAKICU. An engraver. I.gdgate. Wright has graff'yng in his Monastic Letters, p. 137. GRAFF. A graft. Also, to graft. See Robin Hood, i. 32 ; Tusser, p. 115. To make ihc yraffe that hee fro Judas fettc, Fructifye in a pure virgync. Lydgule. .VS. S .c. Andq. 1S4, f. 18. GRAFFER. A notan-. Blount. GRAFFERE. One who grafts. Lydgale. GRAFFLE. To grapple. Somerset. GRAFMAKERE. A sexton. Withals. GRAtT. A ditch. Cravm. GRAFTED-IN. Begrimed. Devon. GRAFTING-TOOL. A long spade used in drain. ing land. Salop. GRAG. The neck. Nominalc MS. GRAID. Sec Grade. " Lcide," Trin.Coll. MS. of thir thinges I haf tier cald, Was Adam corn to.gcdir gruld. furm,r Mundi, MS. C:,tt. I'.»/in». A. ill. f. 5. GRAILE. (1) Gravel; small pebbles. Spenner. (2) The name of the book which contained the responses sung by the choir. " I gowle au mi grayel," Reliq. Aiitiq. i. 291. " Gradate, a grale," Nominale MS. GRAILING. A slight fall of hail, just to cover the ground. North. GRAILS. The smaller feathers of a hawk Blome. GRAIN. (1) A branch of a tree. Cmnb. (2) To strangle, gripe, or throttle. East. f3) Broken victuals. Somerset. (4) The prong of a fork. West. (5) A scarlet colour used by dyers. Blount. GRAINED. Grimed ; dirty. JVills. GRVINED-FOKK. A pronged fork. East. GRAINEE. Proud ; ill-tempered. Devon. "Stiff, somewhat stately," MillesMS. GRAINING. The fork of a tree. North. GRAIN-STAFF. A quarter-stalT, with a pair of short tines at the end which they call grains. DcanMilles' MS. Glossary. GRAITHE. To prcjjare ; to make ready ; to dress. {A.-S.) Still in use in the North, and explained in the provincial glossaries, "pre- paration ; reaiiiness ; to bring a horse up with great care ; the trapping of a horse ; to clothe, or furnish ; to repair; condition ; riches." See Arthour and Meriin, p. 175; Perceval, 123. Graithing. clothing, equipment. Grath, speed, Townelcy Myst. p. 32. Thre score knyghtis of the best Graythed wele in grene. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. H-t. Bot if thowe gras/the thy gere, the willc grefe happcne, Or thowe goo of this greve, for all thy grete wordes. Mvrle .-Irlhtiif, MS. l.inniln, f. BO. GRAITIILY'. Readily ; speedily. {A.-S.) It here means steadfastly, coufdently. If we giaylliely and sothel'aslly hchalde oureself. , ther es na thynge that we heie hafc that we may bi riyhte calie ours. MS. Lincoln .\. i. 17, f. H. Bot alway thyiike on thy laste ende, for tliou en a dedly mane, anil ilk a daye. if thou behalde u/aylftely.thou may see tliy dedd bifoie thyne eghnr. MS. Ilnd. t. il. Felysme grathly every ylkeonc. And se that I have fleclieand bone. Cri'ft's Eicerpta Andqua, p. UK). GRAKE. To crack. I.ydgate. GRAMATOLYS. Smaltercrs. Sketlun. GRAME. Anger ; grief. {A.-S.) Moradas seyde, hyt ys grete schame On a liors to wrcke thy grame. MS. 0/ii( Wist my lordc of this house, With grume he wold the grele. MS. Lxmin A. i. 17. f- 1^1- GRAMERCY. Great thanks. {A.-N.) Crnunt-ntcrty, seiil than he, But silver Shalt thou non gif me. MS. CriiiMi,. Ff. V. 48, f M. GRAMERY'. Ars grammatica, and hence used generally for abstruse learning. GUAMl'KK. A grandt'alhcr. Hist. (iRAMFF.K-I.ONtn.ECS. A daildy-longlcgs. GKAMMHlt. A grandmother. Wist. (iUAMMLKEI). Bcgrimtil. Wilts. GRAMMEirS-PlN. A large pin. Devon. GRA 4!1 GRA GRAMPLE. A crab. Stinner. (Ft.) GRANADO. A grenade. Howell. GRANCH. (1) To scrunch. JVarw. (2) A grange. Milles' MS. Gloss. GRAND. Very ; much. Kent. GRANDAM. A grandmother, far. dial. See Withals, ed. 1608. p. 140. GR.\NDARDE. Part of ancient armour. See Hall, Henry IV. f. 12. It seems to have been worn only by knights when on horseback. Sometimes sp^M grand-giiai-d. GRANDIE. Grandmother. Xurth. GRAXD-TRICKTRACK. An old game at cards mentioned in Poor Robin's Country Vices, 4to. Lond. 1674. GR.\NE. To groan. North. Here my trowthe or I be tane, Many of jour gestis salle grant-. MS Lincoln .\. i. 17, f. 133. GRANEIN. The fork of a tree. Li'ic. GRANER. A granary. Baret, A. 266. GR.\NGE. Afarm-iioiise ; a barn, or granary ; a small hamlet. In Lincolnshire, a lone farm- house is still so called. GR.VNK. To groan ; to murmur. SeeTowneley Myst. p. 155. Still in use. Granky, com- plaining. Brockett, p. 139. GR.\NNEP. A gniudioother. Yorksh. More usually called granny . OR\NNY-DOD. A snail-shell. Camb. (iRANN Y-REARED. Spoiled, i. e., brought up by a grandmother. North. GRANNY-THREADS. The runners of the creep- ing crow-foot. Craven. GRAN'ONS. The long hairs growing about the month of a cat. Topsell, p. 104. GRANSER. A grandsire. Towneley Myst. p. 172. Still used in Salop. Palsgrave has grauntsyre ; and graynser occurs in the Plumpton Corr. p. 151. Come hethyr, he seid, and take up this sak, Antl ley it ij^. told oti thy gravnci/ra bak. MS. Laud. 4115, f. 46. GRANT. The pudendum muliebre. Hence, to prostitute the body. Still in use. GRAP. (1) A vulture. See Gripe. (2) An ear of Virginia corn. MS. Lansd. 1033. GRAPE. (1) To g'rope, or feel. North. (2) .\ fork with three prongs used for filling rough dung. North. GRAPER. The covering for the gripe or han- dle of a lance. .\reh. xvii. 291. GRAPINEL. A grappling-iron. (A.-N.) GR.VPLE. A hook ; the clasp of a buckle. HoUyband's Dictionarie, 1593. GRAS.' Grace. Sewn Sages, 658. GRASH. To gnash the teeth. See Collier's Old Ballads, p. 71 ; Topsell's Beasts, p. 126. Also, to crush. " Graschede doune crestez," MS. Morte Arthure, f. 75. GR.\SIERS. Sheep or other animals when fed solely on -grass. North. GRASHLIN. Twilight. Deron. GRASS-HE.\RTH. A feudal service of a day's ploughing. Kennett. GRASS-TABLE. See Earth-table. GRASS-WIDOW. An unmarried woman uho has had a child. I'ar. dial. See MS. Century Book, No. 77. GRAT. (1) Wept. Northumb. (2) Made. Tor gart. Degrevant, 339. GRATCHE. A supposed error for graithe in Rom. Rose, 7368. GRATE. (1) A fish-bone. {Germ.) (2) A grating, or lattice. See Test. Vetust. p. 627 ; Davies' .\ncient Rites, p. 70 ; Death of Robert E. of Huntingdon, p. 27. (3) Grateful. Becon. (4) To seize ; to snatch. Deeon. (5) Metal worked into steel, as in the making of weapons, &c. GR.iTH. Assiu-ed ; confident. North. GRATING. The act of separating the large from small ore. Craven. GR.VTTEN. Stubble. South. Ray says it means sometimes after-grass. The north part of Wilts adjoyning to Slonebrush Coteswold, and is part of Coteswold, the arable gi-etton-griiunds be^ie ^n abundance nf wyld lan-ie. Aubrey's Witts, Roynl Sue. .MS. p. 131. GRATTICHING. Dung of deer. Cotgrave, in v. Fumees, Plateaux. GRAUNDEPOSE. A grampus. Skelton. GRAUNT. Great. Piers Ploughman, p. 353. GRAUXTE. Agreed. " Grannie, seid oure kvng," MS. Cantab. Ff. v. 48, f. 48. GRAU.\T-FADER. A grandfather. The King pardons that for thy noble gruwit- fader, the whiche suffrid trouble for the kyuf^ei moost noble predecesseurs. MS. Cntf. .4rm. L. I'. GRAUT. Wort. Yorish. GR.iVE. (1) To dig; to burj'. North. See Maundevile, p. 12 ; Sevyn Sages, 18 : Gy of Warwike, p. 410. (2) A nobleman of the low countries. Hence, Grave Maurice. Grave, a bailiff. Yorksh. (3) A potato-hole. Line. (4) Engraven. Kyng Alisaunder, 3155. So that ray lady therupone, Hathsuche a prenteof love^T^ve. Cower, MS. Soe. Antiq. 134, f. 42. GRAVELIN. A small migratory fish, about six inches in length, commonly reputed to be the spawn of the salmon. See Harrison, p. 224. GR.WELLED. Vexed; mortified; perplexed. Also, buried. North. GR.WER. A scidptor ; an engraver. See Con- stitutions of Masonry, p. 31. GRAVES. The refuse which remains at the bottom of the melting pot used in making tallow candles. It is collected and pressed into oblong cakes, which are boiled with water as food for dogs. GR.WE-SPIKE. An instrument used by sex- tons in dia:ging graves. West. GRAVID. Big with child. (Lat.) GR.WKY'NG. Graying ; dawning. IVeber. GRAVOWRYS. Engravers. Pr. Pan. GRAVYNGE. Burial. See Grave. Tille hys gravynge it semyde als the ayere gafe servese. US. Lincoln \. i. 17, f. 11". GRE 415 GRE GRAW. The ague. Also, the sensation just before the tit. North. GRAWINGERNE. A piece of iron on a wag- gon, formerly used as a drag. GRAWSOME. Uglv ; frightfuL North. GRAY. (1) Twilight'. Kemiett. (2) A badger. See IloUyband, in v. Blaireau; Topsell's Four-Footed ISeasts, p. 34. Also, the skin or fur of a badger, as in Lybeaus Dis- conus, 839 ; Brit. Bibl. ii. 404. GRAYEDE. Prepared ; got ready. Thare of the erie was paycde .Soiie his oste base he f^tapede ; He was na thyng affrayede. JUS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 1.11. GRAYLING. AppUed to tapettes for sumpter horses, and means that they were cut or rounded. Ehz. of York, p. 14. GRAYSTE. To gnash, or grind. Whenne Alexander herde this, he bigane to ^ai/stif with the tethe, and to torne his hede hedir and thedir. US. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 42. GRAYTHELYCHE. Speedily. " .KnA graythe- lyche arayede," MS. Morte Aithuie, f. 61. GRAYVEZ. Steel boots. " With grayvez and gobclets," MS. Morte Arthure, f. 63. (iRAZE. To fatten. Also, to become covered with growing grass. Norf. GRE. An ear of corn. " Spica, gre of corne," MS, Cull. Jes. Oxon. 28. tatEABLE. Agreed. See Dial. Creat. Moral. p. 89 ; and Agreeable. GREASE. (1) Rancid butter. North. (2) A dim sutfusion over the sky, not positive cloudiness. East. (3) To grease in the fist, i. e. to bribe. Cotgrave, in V. Enfomer. (4) The fat of a hare, boar, wolf, fox, marten, otter, li.idgcr. or coney. The season of the hart and buck was called greane time, be- cause that was tlie season when they were fat and fit for killing. See Sir H. Drvden's Twici, p. 25. That nane weneye my wylde botte Waynour hirselvene. And that in the sesonc whcnnc ^eei es assfgnyde. Morte Arthure, MS. Lincoln, f. 60. (5) To graze. Palsgrave. GREASY. Foul ; grassy ; spoken of fallows or jjloughed ground. Norf. Also, slimy, as some roads are after rain. GREAT. (I) Intimate J familiar ; high in favour; fond ; loving. / or. dial. Al>o an archaism. (2) To work bij great is to work by quantity in- stead of by the day. See Nomenclator, p. 502 ; Ratchelor, p. 134 ; Tusser, p. 183. By great, by the gross, wholesale. GREATEN. To enlarge. Kent. (;REAT.|1AUE. a hare in its third year. GREAT-IIEAKTI'I). Bold; magnanimous ; in- flexible. Pr. Pan. GREAl'IILY. Handsomely; lowardly. In grcalh, well. North. GUEAT-JOSKl'II. A siirtout. Crone. i;UEAT.EIKE. Probably ; very likely. North. Shakespeare has the jdirasc. GREAT-MEN. An old term for members of I parUament and noblemen. GREAUN. A mouth. Yorksh. GREAVES. (1) Boots; buskins. North. Iron boots were formerly so called. See Mirr. Mag. p. 46 ; Planche's Costume, p. 138. (2) Griefs ; grievances. Ord. and Reg. p. 159. More usually spelt greres. (3) Trees ; boughs ; groves. Spenser. GREAZAGATE. A wheedling fanning design- ing fellow. Yorish. GRECHUT. Grew angry. Robson. p. 19. GRECK. A dwarf; the smallest of a brood or htter. Yorksh. GRECYNGES. Steps. Maundevile, p. 220. GREDE. (1) To cry ; to proclaim. (.4..S.) FuUe lowde gunne they bloweand /ftede. MS. Harl. 2252, f. 97. (2) A greedy person. Chaucer. (3) The lap. Scvyn Sages, 1802. Weber also explains it, the " breast of the mantle." (4) A small tub used in washing. Line. GREDEL. A gridiron. See Griddle. A strong fur he kt make and gret. And a grvdcl theropon sette. .MS, Cull. Trin. Oiou. o7. GREE. (1) To agree. North. "It grees not well," Collier's Old Ballads, p. 50. (2) Grace ; favour ; ])leasure ; will. See Lydgate's Minor Poems, p. 22 ; Maundevile, p. 295 ; Wright's Anec. p. H3. To receive in gre, i. e., to take kindly. (3) Degree ; the prize. [A.-N.) Who soevyr ivymielh \he gree Schalle weddeliur wyth ryaltfr. MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 75. Tlie dughtt> knyght in thegrene llase wonnt'he the grce. MS. Lhirohi A. I. 17, f. Ml. GREECE. A step. Harrison, p. 33. GREEDS. The straw to make manure in a fanu- vard. Kml. GREEDY. To long for. North. GREEDY-GUTS. (iluttons. Greedy.houndx, hungry persons. North. GREEK. " Averlan, a good fellow, a mad eoiu- panion, mirie Creeke, sound drunkard," Cotgr,ave. Sre Nares, in v. GREEN. Frisli, apjdied to meat. Sec Harrison, p. 221. According to Pcgge, " raw, not done enough," In Lincolnshire, coals just put on the fire arc called green. A young inexperi- enced youth is very commonly so denntni- nated, and Shakespeare uses the term in the same sense. For dredi' and Inve they liaddc fur tosene. So harde assay mnile on hire age frr^ne. Li/flftnte, MS. Soc. Antiq. 134, f. 7. GREEN-BONE. The needle-fish. North. GREEN-CHEESE. Cream-cheese. Fools and children are told that the moon is made of this material. " To make one swallow a gudgeon, or beleeve a lie, and that the ti.oii, ereenness, Reliq. Antiq. ii. 84. GREOBY. Foul ; dirtv. A'orM. GREOT. Earth. Piers Ploughman, p. 545. GREP. (1) A fork. Northiimd. (2) Seized ; griped. See Weber. The Uouiiesse was stout and slerne. Agen to Beves she gan erne. And be the right leg he him ^-ep, Ase the wolf doth the schep. Beres 0/ Hnmtoun , p. HO. GRES. Flower; plant; herb; grass. Also, grease. Arch. .xxx. 408. GRE 417 GRI Floures and grtses therynne I fond, And ky fourtcne tlieryiine j:ooniie. Curaor .Vunili, MS. 0,t'. Tiiii. Canrab. t. 29. Son, If everyi'r('**e wt-rea preest, That sfowes upon Goddis grounde ; Off this penance that thou me seest Can never make me unbonde. its. Caiilub. Ff. V. 48, f. C8. GRESCO. A game at cards. Florio apparently makes it synouymous with hazard, in v. Ati'tpiiQy Massdre. GRESE. Deer or game in grass or grease-time. Iponivdon, 370. CRESSES. The jesses of a hawk. See Mar- lowe's Works, ii. 38. GRESSOF. A grasshopper. It is spelt gres/iop in Keliq. Antiq. ii. 82. " Cicada, a grysope," Noininale MS. GRE S V.N E. To graze. Prompt. Pare. GRET. (1) A snare for hares. Line. (2) Greeted; accosted. Gawayne. (3) Great ; lieavv ; loud. (.J.-S.) GRETANDE. Crying ; sorrowing. {A.-S.) Dere lady, for the sorowe thou hade whenne thi sone was loste fra the thre dayes, and thou soughte hym with gt-etandti hert, preye thy sone to gyffe me contrycioune of alLe my synnys. MS. Liucoln A. i. 17, f. 177. He my;! no lenger for sorow stande. But jedc home ful sore gretand. MS. Harl. 1701, f. 38. Then kyng Quore, sore f^fefntide, Swere be Mahuunde and Termagaunt. MS. Oiiilalj. Ff. ii. 38, f. 122. CRETE. (1) To become big with child. Gene- rally, to he enlarged. Kyiig Alisannder, 452. (2) Much ; many, tl'eier. (3) To cry, or weep. North. Sometimes used for the part. past. That damycelle, that was so mylde, So sore had gret for hur chylde. MS. Caiilati. Ff. ii. 38, f. GO. Whan he hadde ful long f?rpte, And a party therof began lete. MS. Harl. 1701, f.38. And the frere ful weyl tharby lete, And thanked God, and for joye he grete. MS. Ibid, f . (ID. (4) A cry. Still in use. There she fel in suche a gyeta, That with the teres she wesshe His fete. Curtur Mtind:, MS. Coll. Trill. Cantab, t. 87. (5) Tlie corn. Tristrem, p. 2C9. (G) Great nicn;nohles. Gawayne. GRETII. Grace ; favour. SirClcges, 293, GRETINGES. Great things. {A.-S.) CRETLECII. Greatly. Dcgrevant, 34. GRETTE. Cried ; addressed. See Grele. With hertc ententyf and with hool mcmorye, Grette to God and alle hiie ful myndc. Lydfrair, MS. Sue. Mnliq. 134, f. 1. The lady by the welle hur sett, To Jhesu Cryste sore sche grett, MS. Canlah. Ff. ii. 38, f. 84. GRKTTKI.I-I.ICIIE. Creatlv. Will. Wenv. GKKllt. Hail. Arch. xi.\. 329. GUKVE. To vex, or injure. (A.-N.) GREVES. (1) Armour for the legs. See Hall, Hem7 IV. f. 12 ; Tristrem, p. 374. (2) Griefs. Hall, Henry IV. f. 20. (3) Groves ? Lybeaus Disconus, 551. To a cheefe forestc they chesene theire wayes. And felede theme so feynte they falle in the greves. Morle Arthurs, MS. Lincoln, f 73 GREW. (1) A greyhound. North. (2) Greek. Maunde\ile, p. 76. Narcs's ex» plauation is certainly wrong. (S) To adliere firmlv. M'nsl. GREW-BITCII. A greyhound bitch. Yorksh. Hym thuujt that his greb>/rlie lay hym besyde. Clironicon Vilndun. p. 25. GREWEND. Grieving. Arch. x.vx. 408. GREWIN. A greyhound. East. Harrington has it grewnd. GREWN. A nose, or snout. North, GREY-BEARD. A fine large handsome stone jar or bottle. North. GREY-BEARDS. The seed of the wild vine. GREY-BIRD. The thrush. Devon. GREY-COAT-PARSON. An impropriator; the tenant who hires the tithes. GREYGOLE. The bluebell. Dorset. GREY-HEN. The female of the black-cock ; a kind of pear ; a large stone bottle. North. GREY-LINNET. The common hnnet. North. GREY-MARE. A wife who rules her husband. Var. dial. GRE YMIN. A Ught fall of snow, just enough to cover the ground. Cumb. GREYNE. To grow corn. {A.-N.) And that the londe began logreyne, Whiche whilom hadde be barcyne. Oi.KJcr, MS, S<,c. ^ritiq. 134, f. l,T2. GREY-RUSSET. Coarse cloth of a dull grey colour. See Forby, ii. 141. GREY-STONES. Coarse mill-stones used for grinding common meal. North. GREYTIIE. (1) Same as Graithe, q.v. (2) Agreeth; suiteth. Sietton. (3) Grace; favour. (A.-S.) And thou mayst nat love hym with no grej/the. But thou have of hym godc fcythe. MS. Harl. 1701, f. 66. GREYVE. Greve ; magistrate. {A.-S.) GIUB. To bite sharply. South. CRIBBLE. A shoot from a tree ; a short cutting from one. M'est. GRICE. (1) Same as Grese, q.v. (2) A young cub, generally ajiplied to the young of swine. See the Talcs of the Wise Men of Cotliam, p. 22. " Gris, parcel," RcUq. Antiq. ii. 79. Cf. Yorkshire Dial. p. 42. GRICHE. To greet, or salute. (A.-S.) GRIDDLE. A gridiron. If est. Also, to broil. See early example in v. GredeL GRIDE. Cut ; pricked. " Was sharply jrirfe," England's Hehcon, cd. 1G14. GRIDELIN. A sort ofcolour composed of white and red. Nares. GIUEFFULL. Melancholy. Spensei: GKIEME. The groin. Florio, p.254. GRIEVOUS. Dangerous. Palsyrave. GUIF. A deep vidley. North. GRIFE. To shed (he horns, a term formerly applied to deer. 27 GRI 418 GRI GRIFF. A graft. " Grafte or grj-ffe of a tree," Palsgrave. Also, to graft. Gryffar, a grafter, Pr. Parv. p. 259. The drye he calde erthe that kyng, And bad hit g^-ifyng fruyt forth bryng. JUS. Coll. Trin. Cantab. R. iii. 8. f. 3, GRIFF-GRAFF. By any means ; by hook or by crook. Skinner. GKIFFOUNS. Greeks. ITeber. (;KIFFUS. Greaves ; leg-armour. Arch. xvii. GRIFHOUNDES. Greyhounds. Weber. GRIFT. Slate pencil. 'Var.dial. GRIG. (1) Heath. Salop. Somaiimts gr'iglan. What advantages then might bee made of some great mosses in Lancasliire and elsewhere, that lye near to coal and limestone, and therefore might well be spared without making fuel] dear, and improved at a very small charge, and for the present yield little or no profit, save some ^^-i^if or heath for sheep. Aubrey's Wilts, MS. Roi/al Sue. p. 304. (2) A cricket, far. dial. (3) A small eel. Suffolk. (4) .A farthing. An oM cant term. (5) To pinch. Somerset. (6) A wag. " As merry as a grig." It is a cor- ruption of Greek, q. v. "A merry grig, un plaisant compaynon," Miege. (7) A short-legged hen. far. dial. GRIGGLES. Small apples. In some cyder coun- ties, boys who collect these after the prin- cipal ones are gathered, call it griygling. GRIGINGE. Dawn ; opening ; twilight. Thare unbrydilles theis bolde, and baytes theire horses. To the grygi/nge of the daye, that byrdes gane synge. Morte Arthure, MS. Lincoln, f. 80 GRIIIT. Peace. Ritson. GRIKE. A rut ; a crevice. North. GRILICH. Hideous. " FuUe jrrytycA he lukez," MS. Morte Arthure, f. 65. GRILL. To snarl, or snap. East. GRILLE. (1) Stem; cruel; horrible; frightful; hideous. See Lybeaus Disconus, 1875 ; Skel- ton, i. 95 ; Amis and Amilotm, 657. That schall 30W lyke non of tho, Bot make jour hertys ^rtill. MS.Ashmole6\, f. 65. Y shal have sum gode at hym. Be he never so gryl ne gryra. .VS. Had. 1701, f 37 But he was marrid of his wille, Ful sone he found yt full ^yyHe. MS. Limd. 416, f. 119. Sa awefulle thare-to thou salle God see, that thou salle be so ferde owt of Ihi wytte, and to tho moun- laynes and hlllis thou salle luke and crye with a yrylle voyce. MS. Lim-oln A. i. 17- f 242. '2 ) Sharp ; cutting ; severe. " Woundis grylle," Arch. XXX. 350, 1. 32. See W. .Mapes, pp. 334, 344. with a spere scharpe and giilte My hen was woundit with my wille. MS. Cantab. Ff. v. 48, f. 42. Wyth a spere scharpp, that was full grylle, Myn herte was persyd ; hyt was my wylle. MS. Cajitab. Ff. ii. .-ffl, f. 6. (3) Guile; deceit. Ther come never man in thys hylle, Thorow qweyntes nor thorow grylle, MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 222. (4) To shake, or tremble, especially with fear. See Chester Plays, i. 70. Gle ne game lykes hym nou3ht, So grctly he ga.Xie grylle. M.S. .^sltmole 61, f.29. (5) To torment, orteaze; to provoke. If you love a wenche wel, eyther loude and stille, Besti.r wel, but yef hir noute ; grant hir al hir welle; Be thou nolit so hardy hir onis to grille. MS. Arund. Cvll. .4rm. 27, f. 130. (6) Harm. Erie of Tolous, 279. ( 7 ) A kind of small fish. Blount. GRIM. (1) To grin. Palsgrave. (2) Fury. Ywaine and Gawin, 1661. Left un- explained by Ritson. GRIMALKIN. A cat. Var. dial. GUIMBLE. To begrime. East. GRIMGRIBBER. A lawyer. jUso, the tech- nical jargon used by a lawyer. GRIMING. A sprinkling. North. GRIMMER. Alaigepond. East. GRIMP. See St. Braudan, p. 20, vihexe grymp may be an eri'or for gryp. GRIM-SIR. A phrase applied to a ])roud person in any supeiior office. Skelton terms Wolsey a rp'im sir. See Groin (2). GRIM-THE-COLLIER. Golden mouse-ear. See Gerard, ed. Johnson, p. 305. GRIN. Same as Gren, q. v. To grin and abide, i. e. to endure patiently. GRINCH. A small morsel. JTest. GRINCOMES. The lues venerea. An old cant term. Webster, iii. 154. GRINDE. To pierce through. I.ydyate. GRINDEL. Wrath ; fierce. Gawayne. GRINDER. To take a grimier is to apply the left thumb to the tip of the nose, and revolve the right hand round it, working an ima- ginary coffee-mill. It is usually done in con- tempt. See Pickwick Papers, p. 318. GRINDLE. A small drain. Suffolk. GRINDLE-COKE. A woru-down grindstone, sometimes used as a stool in the cottages of the poor. Nort/i. GRINDLE-STONE. A grindstone. Norfti. Sec Cotgrave, in v. Cimolie ; Book of Rates, p. 50. Gryndylstom, Reliq. Antiq. i. 81. " Mola, s gmistone," MS. Egerton 829, f. 65. GRINDLET. A drain, or ditch. Sout/t. GRINDLE-T.-VIL. A trundletail dog. GRINING. The growling, or first approach of an ague fit. CItesli. GRINT. Grit. East. Chaucer has grinle. ground, gnashed with the teeth. GRIP. (1) .V drain, or ditch. Var.dial. Also, any kind of sink. (2) To bind sheaves. IVest. (3) Strength ; power of griping. Also, to gripe fast. See Robin Hood, i. 106 ; Morte d' Ar- thur, i. 166. GRIPE. (1) A \-ultiire ; sometimes, a griffin. See Arch. V. 387 ; Eglamour, 841, 851, 870, 1019, 1030, 1035; Malone's Shakespeare, vx. 137. The gripe also biside the bere, No beest wolde to othere dere. Cursor Mundi, MS. Call. Trin. Cantab, f.^t. GRl 419 GEO That gredy Gerardeas zp^pe. Now his wrongis bigonne to ripe, Cwi'ir Jtundi, 3IS. Ibid, f . 7.1. A grppe come in alli^ hur care. Hur yonge 8one awey he bare. MS. CiiiUnb. ¥1. li. 38, f. 68. (2) A tliree-pronged dung-fork. North. (3) To seize ; to embrace. (J.-S.) And holde him stilk- with alle his besy paync. And grype hem faste with his hondis tweyne. JUS. Ointah. Ff. ii. 38, f. 19. (4) A kind of small boat. Kennctt. (5) A handful of anything. " A gripe of come in reaping, or so much hay or come as one with a pitchforke or tiooke can take up at a time," Baret. 1580. See Grij) (2). GRIPER. An instrumeut of torture, mentioned by Florio, p. 89. GRIPE'S-EGG. An alchemical vessel in form of a vulture's egg. Jonson, iv. 61. GRIPING-LINE. A line to direct the spade in cutting grips. West. GRIPLE. To grasp. " Well griple in his hand," Topsell'sBeasts, p. 213. GRIPPE L. Same as Grip, q. v. GRIPPEN. A clenched hand. North. CRIPPLE. Greedy ; rapacious. See Rowlands' Knave of Clubbs, 1611. Brockett \tas,rjrij)j)ij. GRIP-YARD. A seat of green turf, supported by twisted boughs. North. GRIS. (1) Pigs. See Grice. Not obsolete, as stated in Pr. Parv. p. 211. See West, and Cumb. Dial. p. S.'ie. Wyth gruK, and gees, and capouDS, Wyth venezon and wyth oyle. MS. .Ishmitle 33, f.35, (2) A costly fur, formerly niiich esteemed. See EUis, ii. 15 ; Gy of W'arwike, p. 421 ; Strutt, ii. 102; Tyrwhitt, iv. 146. With ryche robys of grete prys, Furryd wele wyth verre and t;rys. US. Cimtab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 155. Gyedud hym bathe full well, And clothyd hyin newe every dell With ryche robys of verre and nrys. Guy of Wdrwivk, Cambridge 31S, GRISARD. Grey. See Topscll, p. 34. GRISBET. To make a wry face. Somerset. GRISELY. Frightful ; ugly. Yorksh. It is a common archaism. GRISLED. Grisly ; frightful. Cris/icA occurs in Weber. (.-/.-A'.) GRISLY. Speckled. Yorish. CRISPING. Same as Griginge, q. v. GRISSE. A grass, or herb. Tak at the bygynnyng and anoyntc the hole with bony, and thane tiikc the powdlr of a grinae, that mene callis wodcrofe, and do therto. MS. Line. Met. t. 295, GRISSEL. Grisly. Du Bart.ts, p. 127. GRIST. To gnash the teeth. Wilts. GRIT. (1) The sea-crab. Line. (2) To s. '231. GYKSOM. A tine or composition paid before- hand. Durham. 2'* HAB 426 HAC GYRTHE. Protection: peace. (J.-S.) If thou here any thondur In the moneth of December, We shal thorow the grace of oure Lorde, Have pees and ^i/itlie goode acorde MS. Cantab. Ft. v. 48, f. 9 GYST. (1) Ajoist. Palsgrave. (2) Gettest. Songs and Carols, x. (3) Juice ? Nominale MS. Do hytstampe and take gode wyne. And take the f^usff and put theryu. And .all that therof drynke. They schall Icme for to wynke. MS. Cantab Ft. ii. 38, f. 111. (i) Deed, action, or adventure. We wyll telle BKinchpflowre Of thy ^rfwj and thynhonowre. MS Cantab. Ff. ii 38, f. l.il. GYTELSCHEPPE. Recklessness. Wylland, certes, I dyd it nojte, Bot for gifteUcheppe of thoghte. R. dp Brunnff MS. Bowea, p. 2. GYTHESE. Guise ; fashion. R. de Bnmne. GYTR.\SH. A spirit, or ghost. Craten. GY'VE. (1) This term is occasionally used as a verb, to keep orfetter,but instancesof it in that sense are not veri,- frequently to be met with. (2) To banter; to quiz. Noflh. GYVES. Fetters. Octovian, 222. GYTVEL. A jewel. Rob. Glouc. p. 508. HA. A contraction of Aa»e. Sometimes Aa*-, or hast. Var. dial. HAA. Azure. Anturs of Arther, p. 1. HAAFURES. Fishermen's lines. North. HAAL. Whole. Craven. HAAM. Home. North. This dialect gene- rally changes o into aa. H.^-APE. To stop or keep back. Devon. HAB. To obtain a thing by hah or nab, i. e. by fair means or foul. Hab or nab means pi-operlv, rashly, without consideration. " Shot hab ornab at randon," HoUnshed, Chron. Ireland, p. 82. See Florio, p. 48 ; Cotgrave in V. ConjectnralemeJit , Perdu. HABADE. Abode ; stopped ; waited. The knyghte no lengare habade, Bot on his waye faste he rade. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 130. And hymselfe and a cettane of meu;e with hym habade, and thare he garte make a citee, and called it Alexander after his awenne name. MS. Ibid. f. 4. HABBE. Have; hold. {A.-S.) HABBETH. Have. Rob. Glouc. p. 9. H.^BEXRIES. Architectural decorations of some kind, but the exact meaning of the term does not appear to be known. It occurs in Chaucer, some copies reading barbicans. HABERDASHER. A schoolmaster. North. H.\BERDINE. Salted cod. In an old register of Bushey, co. Wilts, it is stated that " Mr. Gale gave a Haberdine fish, and half a peck of blue peas, to twenty widows and widowers, once a year." See Reports on Charities, xxv. 330; Tusser, p. 61. HABERGEON. A breastplate, generally of mail or close steel, but sometimes of leather. Thin haberion is thy body fre. Thy baner is the rode tre. MS. Addit. 113117, f. 65. Scheme fond palfrey and sted, Helme, habyrion, and odour wed. MS. .MimoleSl, f. 4. H.\BID. To abide ; to wait for. See the se- cond example in v. Derne. HABILITEE. Ability. Chaucer. IIABILLIMENTS. Borders, as of gold, pearl, &c. in ancient dress. HABITACLE. A dwelling, or habitation. (A.-N.) It is sometimes applied to a niche for a statue. What wondir thanne thou; that God bymyracle Withlnne a tnayde made his habitarle. Lx/dgate, MS. Soc. .dntiq. 134, f. 3. HABITE. To dwell. Chancer. HABITUDE. Disposition. Table to the Aca- demy of Complements, 12mo. 1640. HABLE. A sea-port, or haven. {A.-N.) IIABOT. An abbot. Lydgate. Als saynt Ambrose sayse, and wretyne it es by a haly habot that hyghte Agathone, that thre tere he bare a stane in his mouthe to lere hym to halde hym stylle. MS. Linajln A. i. !7. f 248. HABUD. Abided ; suffered. The hol^ cros wyn or he dye. That Crist halud on good Fryday. .MS. Douce 303, f . 29. HABUNDE. To abound. Gower. HABURDEPAYS. Articles of merchandise that are sold by weight. (.■^.-.V.) HABURIONE. Same as Habergeon, q. v. Disdeyne so thyk his habitrwne hath mayled Of my desirere that 1 may se ryth nowthe. MS. Canlab. Ff. i.G, f. 13. HABY. Same as Abie, q. v. The knyghte ansuers in hy. He salle the bargane /tab!/. That did me this velany. MS. hl. 4JG, f. 44. HACQUETON. Same as Acietoun, q. v. HAD. Hold. Also, have. North. HADDEN. Pa. t. pi. of Have. HADDER. Heath, or ling. North. See Ho- linshed. Hist. Scot. p. 95. HADE. (1) In mines, the underlay or inclination of the vein. North. (2) A ridge of laud. Tliis term occurs in Dravton's Polvolbion. See Narcs. HADEN. Ugly; untoward. West. HADFASH. Plague; trouble. North. HADING. A sloping vein. Deri/. HAD-I-\VIST. That is, had I known the con- sequences, a common exclamation of those who repented too late. See yiddiwissen ; Towneley Myst. p. 100 ; Florio, p. 14. " Had I wist comes ever to late," Northern Mothers Blessing, 1597. HADLEYS. Hardly. North. It is occasion- allv pronounced hadlins. HAD'-LOONT-REAN. The gutter or division between headlands and others. North. HAET. Has. FrereandtheBoy, st. 47. Ex- plained hot bv Meriton. HAFE. Heaved ; raised. (J.-S.) Jhesus tho hys hande up hafe, And hys blessyng hysmodurgafe. its. Canlab. Ff. ii. 38, f. STi. HAFER. To stand higgling. Suff. IIAFEREN. Unsettled ; unsteady. East. IIAFFET. The forehead, or temples. North. HAFFLE. To stammer; to prevaricate ; to fal- ter. North. It seems to mean in Cotgrave, in V. Viedazer, to abuse, or make a fool of. HAFIR. Oats. It is the translation of avena in Nominale MS. IIAFLES. Wanting. Towneley Myst. p. 152. HAFT. Loose in the haft, i.e. not quite honest. See Wright's Pol. Songs, p. 339. By the Iiaft. a eoiiinion oath. HAFTED. A cow is said to be hafted, when, from long retention of milk, the teats have be- come rigid like the hafts of knives. HAl'TER. A wrangler ; a subtle crafty person. This term occurs in llollyband's Dictionaric, 1593; DoctourDoubble Ale, n.d. HAFTS. Little islands or raised banks in a pond or jiool for ducks or other water-fowl to build their nests. Staff. HAFVE. Possess ; have. (.-/.-5.) Wfther sa it be kny tli or knave. II y luf sal he ever Imfve. C» of H'.iiHiJro, MiMMiillUS. HAG. (1) The belly. Northmnh. (2) To hew, chop, or hack. I'ar.dial. (3) Idle disorder. Somerset. (4) A certain division of wood intended to be cut. In England, when a set of workmen un- dertake to fell a wood, tliey divide it into equal ])artinns by culling off a rod, called ,\ hui/slaff, tlirec or four feet from the ground, to mark the divisions, each of which is called a ha;/, and is considered the portion of one individual. A whole fall is called a. flag. "Tlie term occurs in Cotgrave, in v. Vegrader. Tho HAG 428 HAK word was also applied to a small wood or in- closure. The park at Auckland Castle was formerly called the Hag. Nares, p. 220, gives a wrong explanation. (5) A sink or mire in mosses ; any broken ground in a bog. North. See Dugdale's History of Imbanking, 1662, p. 292. (6) A white mist ; phosphoric hght at night- time. North. (7) To haggle, or dispute. West. (8) To work by the hag, i. e. by the job, not by the day. North. (9) A witch, or fiend. {A.-S.) HAGAGIXG. Passionate. Devon. HAGBERRY. The Prunus padus, a shrub. HAGBUSH. See Hackbush. " Caste hag- bushes," Hall, 1548, Henry VIII. f. 28. It is sometimes spelt haybut. HAG-CLOG. .\ chopping-block. North. H.\GE. Ague ; sickness. Hearne. HAGGADAY. A kind of wooden latch for a door. Yorksh. HAGGAGE. A sloven or slattern. Devon. HAGGAR. Wild ; untamed. Yorksh. HAGGARD. (1) A rick-yard. West. This word occurs in Holinshed, Conq. Ireland, pp. 44, 148, and also in Hall. (2) A wild hawk ; one that has preyed for her- self before being taken. Metaphorically, a loose woman. HAGGAR-MAKER'S-SHOP. A public-house. HAGGED. Tired ; fatigued. North. HAGGENBAG. Mutton or beef baked or boiled in pie-crust. Cornw. HAGGER. To chatter with cold. Wilts. HAGGIE. To argue. Exmoor. HAGGIS. The entrails of a sheep, miuced with oatmeal, and boiled in the stomach or paunch of the animal. North. To cool one's haggis, to beat him soundly. See Florio, p. 65 ; No- menclator, p. 87. HAGGISH. An opprobrious epithet for a fe- male. North. HAGGISTER. A magpie. Kent. " The eat- ing of a haggister or pie helpeth one be- witched," R. Scot, Discoverie of Witchcraft, p. 82. See MS. Lansd. 1033. HAGGLE. (1) To hail. North. (2) To cut irregularly. North. (3) To tease, or worry. Oxon. HAGGLER. The upper-servant of a farm. /. Wight. 1L\GGLES. Haws. Milles' MS. Gloss. HAGGLE-TOOTHED. Snaggle-toothed. Devon. H AGGY". Applied to the broken or uneven sur- face of the soU, when m a moist state. East. HAGH. A hedge. (J.-S.) Heraud looked under ay haght Ay fair mayden he ther sagh. Cy of n'arwike, mddMtill MS. HAGHE. Fear; tremor. (A.-S.) HAGHES. Haws. North. HAGHTENE. The eighth. Grete dole forsothe it es to telle, Oppone the haghtene daye byfelle. its. Lincoln A. i. 17, C.IOO. HAGLER. A bungler. Var. dial. HAGM.\LL. A woman who dresses herself in a sluttish manner. Somerset. HAGRIDDEN. Entangled. Devon. This and some few other terms afford curious traces of old superstitions. The fairy-rings are termed hag-tracks in the West of England. HAG-STAFF. See Hag (4). HAG-THORN. The hawthorn. Devon. HAGUES. Haws. Craven. HAG-WORM. A snake. North. HA-HOUSE. A mansion. North. HAID-CORN. The plants of wheat in winter. Northumb. HAIE. A hedge. Chaucer. HAIFER. To labour, or toil. East. HAIGH. To have. North. HAIHO. The woodpecker. Salop. HAIKE. An exclamation, generally a signal of defiance. North. HAIL. ( 1) Health. Rob. GIouc. p. 118. (2) Healthy. " Hail and clear Enghsh," Nath. Fairfax, Bulk and Selvedge, 1674. (3) To roar or cry. Somerset. HAILE. Hauled ; drami. Tusser. HAIL-FELLOW. An expression of intimacy. To be hail fellow well met with every one, i. e. to mix in all sorts of inferior society. HAILSEN. To salute ; to embrace. ' (A.-S.) HAIL-SHOTS. Small shot for cannon. See Florio, p. 53; Bourne's Inventions, 1578. HAIN. (1) To raise or heighten. East. (2) To save ; to preserve. North. Hence, to exclude cattle from a field so that grass may grow for hay. (3) To own, or possess. Litic. (4) Malice ; hatred. Chesh. HAINJSH. Unpleasant. Essex. HAlPS. A sloven. Craven. HAIR. Grain ; texture ; character. This is a common word in old plays. A quibble on it seems intended in Sir Thomas More, p. 43 ; Citye Match, 1639, p. 51. Agaimt the hair, against the grain, contrary to nature. HAIRE. Same as Hai/re, q. v. HAIREVE. The herb cleaver. Glouc. H.\IRY-LOCKED. Having side-locks. HAISH. The ash. Rehq. Antiq. ii. 82. HAISTER. The fire-place. Salop. HAISTERT. Hoisted about. Cumi. HAIT. Happy ; jo>-ful. (^.-.V.) HAITCH. A sUght shower. Sussex. HAITCHY. Misty ; cloudy. South. HAITHE. To heave up. {A.-N.) H.\IT-WO. Go to the left : .\ word of com- mand to horses in a team. A harvest song has the following chorus, " With a halt, with a ree, with a wo, with a gee !" The expres- sion is very ancient. HAKASING. Tramping about, line. HAKATONE. Same as Acketoun, q. v. Ascadart smote Gyone Thorowehawberkeand hakatone. US. Canlnu. Ft. ii. 3S, f. 168. H.A.KCHYP. A hatchet. Pr. Parv. HAL 429 HAL HAKE. (1) A hook. far. dial. The draught irons of a plough are the liakes. (2) To sneak, or loiter ahout. North. Also, to dally wantonly. (3) A hand-gun. Egerton Pajiers, p. 17. (4) A hawk. Sir Aniadas, 55. HAKED. A large pike. Cambr. HAKEL. See Brait. It seems to mean clothing, dress, in Warner, p. 97. H.\KERE. A quarter of corn. HAKERNES. Acorns. Will. Werw. p. 66. HAKKE. To follow, or run after. {A.-S.) HAKKER. To tremhle with passion; to chat- ter nith cold. West. HAL(l)Afooh Yorksh. (2) All ; hold. Hearne. (3) Abbreviation for Henry. Obsolete. HALA. Bashful ; modest. Yorksh. HALANTOW. A procession which used to sur- vey the parish bounds, singing a song with that burden, and accompanied with ceremo- nies, somewhat similar to the Furry-day, q. v. HALCHE. To loop, or fasten. Gawayne. HALCHOO. Same as Hackle, q. V. HALDE. Kept ; held. Also, a prison, fortress, or castle. (A.-S.) HALDEN. Held. Chaucer. HALDER. A plough handle. Line. HALE. (1) To pull," or draw. West. See the Assemble of Foules, 151 ; Spanish Tragedy, ap. Hawkins, ii. 122 ; Harrison, p. 202 ; Marlowe, i. 156, ii. 14 ; Reliq. Antiq. i. 2 ; Brit. Bibl. iv. 93; Stanihurst, p. 11. In early English the word is applied in various ways, but generally implying rapid movement. (2) Health ; safety, l.ydgate. (3) Whole ; well ; strong. {A.-S.) (4) An iron instrument for hanging a pot over the fire. South. (5) To pour out. Dorset. (6) Wliole ; all. Sir Perceval, 2029. " Thebaic howndrethe," MS. Morte Arthure. (7) A tent, or ])avilion. " Hale in a felde for men, tref," Palsgrave. Nares misunderstands the term. " Taljernacutum, a pavilion, tente or hale," Elyot, 1559. C8) To vex, or trouble ; to worry. Hall. (9) To procure l)y solicitation. North. (10) A rake with strong teeth for getting loose pebbles from brooks. Devon. HALE-BREDE. A lout ; a lubber. HALEGH. A saint. (A.-S.) This occurs in MS. Cott. Vcspas. D. vii. Ps. 14. HALEl.ELY. Wholly. See Minot, p. 17. And whcniie the oslc had herdc thire wordcs, Ihay commenedide hjrm hatetely wit)) .1 voycc. MS.Linnln A. i. 17, f. 19. HALF-N. To bawl, or take. (A.-S.) HALES. Plough-banillcs. Line. HALESOME. Wliolcsome ; healthy. HALESTONE. A flint ; a fire-stone. North. HALEWES. Saints. Uoliq. Antiq. i. 38. HALEYARDS. Hnllianls. See Euphucs Gol- den Lcgacic, a|i. Collier, p. 109. HALF. Half; part; side. (A.-S.) HALF-BAKED. Raw; inexperienced; half- silly. Var. dial. HALF-BORD. Sixpence. A cant term. HALF-CAPS. Half-bows; slight salutations with the cap. Shak. HALFENDELE. Half ; the half part. (^.-5.^ In Somerset, a balfmuieal garment is one com- posed of two ilillVrent materials. He sehascd the eric in a while Mare [then] haJfirndele a myle. MS. Linroh, A. i. 17, f. 131. HALFERS. An exclamation among children, which entitles the utterer to half of anv-thing found by his companion, unless the latter previously says, " No halfers, findee keepee, loosee seekee," which destroys the claim. HALF-FACED. Showing only half the face, the rest being concealed by a mufller. See the Puritan, quoted by Nares. Also said of a face drawn in profile. Half-faced groats were those which had the king's face in profile. HALF-HAMMER. The game of hop, step, and jvini]!. East. HALF-KIRTLE. The common dress of courte- sans. See 2 Henry IV. v. 4. HALFLY. Half. Halle's Hist. Ex. p. 39. HALF-ilARROW. One of two boys who ma- nages a tram. North. HALF-MOON. A periwig. Dekker. HALF-NAMED. Privately baptized. West. HALF-NOWT. Half-price. Nortli. H.VLF-PACE. A raised floor or platform. See Ord. and Reg. pp. 341, 356. HALFPENNY. To have one hand on a half- penny, to be cautious, prudent, or attentive to one's interests. North. HALF-ROCKED. Sdly. Var. dial. HALF-SAVED. Half-witted. Herif. The epi- thet half-strained is also common. HALF-STREET. A place in Southwark, for- merly noted for stews. HALFl'LDELE. Same as Halfendele, q. v. HALIDOM. Holiness ; sanctity ; the sanctuary ; a sacrameut. Formerly a common oath. Minshcu calls it, " an old word, used by old countryw omen by manner of swearing." IIALIE. To bawl ; to pull. (A.-S.) HALIFAX-GIliUET. An instrument of execu- tion formeriy used at Halifax. HALICH. Holy. This word occiu-s in .MS. Cott. Vcspas. 11. vii. Ps. 4. HALING. A pulling. Harrison, p. 184. HALING-WHIP. A flexible whipor rod. HALI-1'ALMER. A palmer-woriu. West. IIALIWEY. The balsam tree. See a list of plants in MS. Sloane 5, f. 3. The term was also ajjplied to any remedy against sickness. HALK. Futuo. MS. Asbniolc 208. HALKE. A corner. (A.-S.) And nl»o thise falce erchedekcnc that aboute the cuntri- wnlke, And maynteyncn falce preestls in every halkt. MH. ^ahmotc CO. f. 91. HALL. (1) A trammel. Suffolk. (2) A chief bouse. The manor-house in ni.in» parishes is called the Hall. HAL 430 HAM (3) A hall! a hall! The usual exclamation at ancient masques, &c. to make room for the dancers or peiformers. HALLABALOO. A noise, or uproar. HALLACKING. Idling; feasting; making merry, llallacks. An idle fellow. North. H ALLAGE. The fee or toll due to the lord of a fair or market. {Fr.) H ALLAN. The passage or space between the outer and inner door of a cottage ; the parti- tion between the passage and the room. Hallan-shttker, an impudent presuming beg- gar. North. HALLANTIDE. All Saints' day. West. HALLE. (1 ) Well ; healthy. See Ball (2). (2) A dwelUng, or habitation. {A.-S.) (3) AU. Kyng Alisaunder, 2327. (4) A plough-handle. Devon, HALLE-E'EN. AU HaUow even. North. HALLESYN. To kiss, or embrace. Pr. Parv. HALLIBASH. A great blaze. North. HALLIER. A student in a hall at Oxford. See Harrison's England, p. 152. HALLING. (1) Trying to see if geese or ducks be with egg. Devon. (2) Tapestry. See \Varton,ii. 377. HALLION. A reprobate. North. HALL-NIGHT. Shrove Tuesday evening. The previous Sunday is sometimes called Hall- Sundav. Devon. HALLOWDAY. A holidav. East. IIALLOWMASS. The feast of AU Saints. Halowe Tliursdaye, Holy Th^l^sday. To see hys nobiille and ryallearraye In Rome on Halotre Thiirsdat/e. MS. Cantab. Ft. ii. 38, f. 242. HALLY. Wholly. Gower. Thane they holde at his heste hally at ones. Morte .4)tlmre, MS. Lincoln, f. 98. HALM. Handle. Gawayne. HALMOT-COUKT. The court of a copyhold manor ; a court baron. North. " Holden his halymotcs," i. e. his courts, Wright's Pol. Songs, p. 154. HALOGHE. A saint, or holy one. {A.-S.) Thou sal noght leve my saule in helle, ne thou sal noghtgife thi bah'ghe to se corrupcioun. MS. Coll. Eton 10, f. 23. AUe the halotves that are in hevene. And angels raa than manne kanne nevene. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 142. HALPACE. A raised floor, or stage ; the dais of a hall. It is spelt hantepace in HaU, Henry VIII. f. 65 ; t:)rd. and Reg. p. 153. HALPE. Helped. C/iaucer. He hewe on ther bodyes bolde, Hys hownde lialpe hym at nede. MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 73. HALPED. Crippled. /. Wight. HALPOWRTH. A halfpennyworth. HALS. The neck; the throat. {A.-S.) Foure fendis se he als, Hongyng fast abotite hir hals. MS. Cantab. Ff. v. 48, f. 45. HALSE. (1) Hazel. So7nersef. (2) To salute ; to embrace. {A.-S.) HALSENY. Guess ; conjecture. Devon. Gene- rally, an evil prediction. HALSFANG. The pUlory. Blount. HALSH. To tie ; to fasten ; to knot. North. HALS-MAN. An executioner. "The hals- man's sword," Cleaveland Revived, 16G0, p. 75. (A.-S.) HALSON. (1) A kind of hard wood. (2) To promise or bid fair, good, or bad; to predict. Devon. HALSTER. He who dravre a barge alongside a river by a rope. West. HALSUMLY'. Comfortably. Gawayne. HALT. (I) A shrub ; a copse. It is the trans- lation of virc/ultum in Nominale MS. (2) Held ; kept. Also, holdeth. For she that halt his lif so dere His modlr is, withouten were. Cursor Mundi, MS. Coll. Trin. Cantab. I. 55. (3) A Strong hamper, such as is used with a pack-saddle. North. (4) Animal deposit. Somei'set. HALTE. To go lamely. (^.-.V.) Also an adjective, lame. HALTERPATH. A bridle-way. Dorset. HALTERSACK. A term of reproach, inti- mating that a person is fit for the gallows. " A knavish lad, a slie wag, a haltersacke," Florio, p. 81. HALVANS. Inferior ore. North. HALVENDELE. Same as Halfendele, q. v. Her ys theh«/i'.v"d(?//of our geste; God saveus, mestand lest. MS. Arundel, Coll. .Irm. 22, f. 4. HALWE. To hallow, or consecrate. {A.-S.' HALWEN. Saints. Auchinleck MS. HALWETHURS. Holy Thursday. HALWYS. Sides. Arch. xxx. 408. HALY. Hated. Prompt. Parv. HALZEN. The same as Halson, q. v. HAL3EN. Saints. MS. Arundel 57, f. 94. HAM. (1) Them. Weber's Met. Rom. (2) A rich level pasture. JFest. A plot of ground near a river. HAMBERWES. Horse collars. Nominale MS. Kennett has hameroughs, HAMBURGHES. The arm-holes. Line. HAMBYR. A hammer. Pr. Parv. HAMCH. The hip-joint. Northumb. HAJIE. (1) Home. StUl in use. (2) Skin. Kyng Alisaunder, 391. HAMEL. To walk lame. To hamel dogs, to lame them by cutting their hams or houghs. North. See Troilus and Creseide, ii. 964, " o fote is hameled of thv sorowe." HAMELESSE. Hamlets.' Langtoft,p.321. HAMELIN. Limping ; walking lame. North. H.\MES. Pieces of wood on the collar of the horse to which the traces are fixed. I'ar. dial. HAM-FLEETS. A sort of cloth buskins to defend the legs from dirt. Glouc. HAMIL. A handle. Somerset. HAMINE. To aim at anything, to hit it. Lydgate. IIAMKIN. A pudding made upon the bones HAN 431 HAN of a shoulder of mutton, all the flesh being first taken otf. Devon. HAMLEN. To tie, or attach. (A.-S.) HAMLET. A high constable. Grose. IIAMLING. The operation of cutting the balls out of the feet of dogs. HA.MMARTWAED. Homeward. See the Chron. Vilodun. p. 96. Hammard occurs in Sir Degrevant, 1233. HAMMER. To stammer. Also, to work or labour. V'ar. dial. The lianimer of death, i. e., a fist. Hammer and pincers, the noise made by a horse when he strikes the hind- foot against the fore-foot. To live Immmer and tongs, to agree very badly. HAMMER-AXE. An instrument having a hammer on one side of the handle, and an axe on the other. North. HAMMER-DRESSED. Said of stone hewn with a pick, or jiointed hammer. HAMMER-SCAPPLE. A miser. North. HAM.MERWORT. The herb pellitory. IIAMMIL. A viUage J a hovel. North. HAMPER. To beat. Nortlt. HAMPER-CLOT. A ploughman. North. HA.MPERLEGGED. Led away or overborne bv atiotlior. Wane. HAMPERY. Out of repair. Kent. HAMPSHIRE-HOG. A derisive name for a native of Hampshire. HAMRON. The hold of a ship. Blount. HAMS. Breeches. A cant term. HAM-SAiL Irregularly. Cmnb. HAMSHACKLE. To fasten the head of an animal to one of its forelegs. HAMSTICKS. Part of the harness fixed to a horse's collar. North. HAM-TREES. The hames, q. v. Devon. HAMUR. A hammer. Pr. Parv. HAMWARD. Homewards. Ileame. HAM WOOD. A hoop fixed round the collar of a cart-horse, to which the chains are attached. Soutti. HAN. (1) Hence. Sevyn Sages, 494. (2) To have. Still in use in the North for the pres. plur. (3) The voice wherewith wood cleavers keep time to their strokes. HANAliOROUGH. A coarse horse-collar, made of reed or straw. Devon. HANAP. A cup. Test. Velust. p. 99. HANAI'ER. A liamixr, or basket. Hanaper Office, where the writs were deposited in a basket, and si ill so calh'd. HANI5Y. Wanton ; unrulv. North. HANCELEI). Cut off'. S/tinner. HANCE-POTTS. In the invcntorj' of Arch- bishop Parker's jilate, Jrchii>otor/in, xxx. 2.5, is " ij. AaHCP-/;o//.v, withe angcUs wings chased on the bellies, witbe covers annexed, weyinge xliij. oz. J." HANCLE. A great manv. North. HANCUTCHER. A handkerchief. North. HAND. (1) //< an;/ hand, at any rate, at nil events. To make a hand on, to waste, si)oil, or destroy. To lie on the mending hand, to be in a state of convalescence. To have the hand in, to be accustomed to business. 'J'o swap even handa, to exchange without advan- tage. He's any hand afore, ready and pre- pared for any undertaking. To hand with, to cooperate with. (2) To sign. East. My own hand copy, i. e. my autograph copy. (3) The shoulder-joint of a hog, cut without the blade-bone. Suff. ( I ) A bunch of radishes. Cambr. (.j) Performance. Also, a doer or workman in any business or work. HAND-BALL. Stowe mentions a custom of plajing at hand-ball on Easter-day for a tansy- cake, the winning of which depended chiefly upon swiftness of foot. Survev of London, ed. 1720, b. i. p. 251. .\nd belyfe he gerte write a lettre, and sent it tille Alexander, and therwith he sent hyin a haitdbatlit and other certane japez in scorne. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. ^. HANDBAND. Possession. (-^.-5.) HANDBEATING. Cutting off the turf with a beating axe. Devon. HANDBOW. The long or common how. HAND-BREDE. A hand's breadth. {A.-S.) HAND-CANNON. A musket. Hall. HAND-CLOTH. A handkerchief. Lino. HAND-CLOUT. A towel. North. HANDE. Hanged ? Alexander gart rayse up twa pelers of marble, and by-twixe thame he fiarifte a table of golde. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 40. HANDECHAMP. A ruffle. Craven. HANDELL. A fuller's instrument. Pegge. H.WDER. The second to a pugihst. Line. IIANDERIIAMP. A ruffle. Craven. HANDERSOME. Handv ; meddling. North. HANDEWARPS. A kind of cloth, formerly much made in Essex. HANDFAST. Hold ; custody ; confinement. Also, connection or union with. SeeHoUnshed, Chron. Ireland, pp. 6, 131. The custom of handfastiiig, or contracting for marriage, needs ito more than a passing observation. HANDFUL. The measure of a hand, or four inches; a span. Blount. HANDGUN. A culveria. Palsgrave. HAND- HOVEN - BREAD. Oatraeal-brcad. kneaded very still", with little leaven. Lane. HANDICAP. A kind of game, mentioned in Pepvs's Dian'. HAND-IN-AND-IIAND-OUT. A game played in the following manner. A conijiany of young people are driiwu ujt in a circle, when one of them, i)itcliod upon by lot, walks round the ban\. HANK. (1) To hanker after. North. (2) A skein of thread, or worsted ; a rope or latch for fastening a gate. Hence, to fasten. To keep a good hank upon your horse, to have a good hold of the reins. The rope that goes over the saddle of the thUl-horse is termed the thill-hanks. To make a ravelled hank, to put anything into confusion. To have a bank on anotlier, to have him entangled. To catch a hank on one, to take advantage of or be revenged on him. (3) A habit, or practice. North. (4) A body, or assemblage. IVarw. (5) A handle. Somerset. (6) An ox rendered furious by barbarous treat- ment. Middt. HANKETCHER. A handkerchief. East. IIAN 433 IIAR HANKLE. To entangle, or twist. North. HANKTELO. A silly fellow. South. HANNA. Have not. Var. dial. HANNIEL. A bad fellow. North. Skelton has haynyarde, i. 282. HANNIER. Ateasingperson. Yortsh. HANNIKIN-BOBY. An oM English dance. HANS. Quantity ; multitude. Hall. HAN'SE. (1) The upper part of a door frame. " Aiittanies, ymages of antique sette over doores in the corners of an haunce," Elyot, 1559. "The haunse, or hntell of a doore," Cotgrave, in v. Claveau ; "the haunse of a dore, un dessus de parte." Florio, p. 507, apparently makes it synonymous with thresh- old, and early scientitic writers use it occa- sionally for the spring of an arch. (2) To enhance, exalt. Chester Plays, 1. 168. HANSEL. A gift, reward, or bribe. SeeReynard the Foxe, p. 146 ; Depos. Ric. II. p. 30 ; Piers Ploughman, p. 96. It is a new year's gift, an earnest or earnest penny, any gift or purchase at a particular time or season ; also, the first use of anything. The first money received in the morning for the sale of goods is the han- sel, and it is accounted fortunate to he the purchaser. Hansel-Monday is the first .Alon- day in the year, when it is usual to make pre- sents to children and servants. " To hansel our sharp blades," to use them for the first time. Sir John Oldcastle, p. 29. In Beves of Hamtoun, p. 113, it means the first action. "In the way of good hanscU, de bonne crre," Palsgrave. In the Vale of Blackmore, a pre- sent to a young woman at her wedding is called a good handsel. The first purchaser in a shop newly opened hameln it, as the first purchaser of the day does a market. " 1 he first bridall l)anket after the wedding daye, the good haiidzell feast," Nomenclator, p. 80 ; " Gossips feasts, as thev tearme them, gooil handsel feasts," Withals, ed. 1608, p. 291. " Handselled, that hath the handsell or first use of," Cotgrave, in v. Estreini. " Ilaffe hansell for the mar," Robin Hood, i. 87. From the following very curious passage, it appears the writer disbelievecl the common superstition respecting the good fortune of the hansel, or haucel. of hancel y can no sUyllealso, Hyt ys noujt to bclevc tharto ; Me Ihynketh hyt ys fals every dcyl, Y bcleve hyt noujt, ne never shal weyl. For many havyn \^\dti hancut at the morw, And to hem or evyn eometh mochyl sorw. MS. Hail. 1701, f. 3. Therfore tliou haste febic harmclt. And warhC betyde [he schall. .Its. Canlab. Ft. il. .10, f. UH. IIANSELINE. A kind of short jacket, men- tioned by Chaucer. HANS-EN-KELDER. A Dutch phrase, mean- ing Jack in the cellar, but formerly applied jocidarly to an unborn infant. IIANT. llave not. I'ar.dial. HANTETH. Frequenteth ; maketh much use o£ Heame. HANTICK. Mad ; cracked. Exmoor. HANTINGS. The handles which fix on to the sneed of a scythe. North. HANTLE. A handftd ; much j many ; a great quantity. Far. dial. HANTY. Wanton ; restive. North. HANYLONS. The wiles of a fox. See Piers Ploughman, p. 181. HAP. (1) To wrap up ; to clothe. Hence, cover- ing. Still in use. The scheperde keppid his staf ful warme, And happid it ever undur his harme. its. Omiiil. Ff. V. 48, f. 53. (2) Chance ; fortune. {A.-S.) Hesendyth yowrys bothe /lapandhele, And for yow dyed my dere sone dere. MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 48. (3) To encourage or set on. North. HAP-HARLOT. A coarse coverlet. Baret says, " a cotirse covering made of divers shreds." Upton, MS. additions to Junius, gives a strange etymology, — " Hapliarlet, or close coverlet, etym. q. d. a harlot by hap to keep one warm." HAPNEDE. Happened; chanced. "Us e« fuUe hapnede," MS. Morte Arlhure. " It hap ■ peneth nie well, whiche sayeing we use what, of a good dcde good and welthe hath foloweth il me prent bii'u" Palsgrave. IIAPNY. A halfpenny. West. HAPPA. What think you ? North. IIAPPE. To happen, 'chancer. HAPPEN. Perhaps ; possibly. North. HAPPEN-ON. To meet with. Line. HAPPER. To crackle ; to patter. West. HAPPILY. Haply. Cotgrave. HAPPING. A coarse coverlet. Also, any kind of covering. North. See the Test. Vetusta, p. 454, avviU dated 1503. HAPPY. (1) Rich. Ben Jonson, ii. 404. (2) Happy go hicky, any thing done at a ven- ture. Happy man be his dole, may happiness be his lot. North. HAPPYLYCHE. Perhaps. See an early gloss in MS. Egerton 829, f. 78. HAPS. (1) A hasp. Var. dial. (2) The lower part of a half-door. Devon. H.VPT. Happed, or wrapped up. Leland. HAQUE. A haml-afBn, about threo-nuarters of a vard long, /tlaqmbnt, an aniuebus. HAli. (1) Hair. Kyng Alisaundcr, 5025. (2) Tlieir. Hitson. (3) The hole in a stone on which the sjiindle of a door or gate rests. Durh. The har-tree is the head of the gate in which tlic foot or bot- tom of the spindle is placed. (4) HigliiT. Norlhumb. (5) A drizzling rain, or fog. North. IIAUAGEOUSE. Violent ; stern ; severe. Ilowelleand Hardelfc, happy in armci. Sir Meryllc and llr HeryB.ille, thUo hnrnf: .ii) To entangle ; to confuse. Vnr. dial. IIARLAS. ilarmless. Chron. Vil. p. 5. HARI.E. (1) Hair, or wool. North. (2) Three hounds. Ojion. This corresponds to a leash of greyhounds. (3) To cut a sUt in the one of the hinder legs of an animal for the purpose of suspending it. HARLED. Mottled, as cattle. North. IIARLEDE. Drove ; hurled. See Rob. Glouc. p. 487 J St. Brandan, p. 11. And harltiden heoin out of the londe, And with tormens matiie huy slowe. MS. Laud. 108, f. 106. HARLINGS. The hocks of a horse. HARLOCK. Supposed to mean the charlock, in Drayton and Shakespeare. HARLOT. A term originally applied to a low depraved class of society, the ribalds, and having no relation to sex. {A.-N.) Salle never harluH have happe, thorowe helpe of my lorde, To kylle a crownde kyng with krysome enoynttede. Morte ylrthu>f, .MS. Lincoln, f. 79- HARLOTRY. Ribaldry. (J.-N.) HARLS. The earnest, or token. (J.-S.) Better it ware to hyme that he ware unborne, than lyfe withowttenc grace, for grace es harls of that lastand joye that is to come. MS. Lincoln \. i. 17, f. 243. HARLYCHE. Early. " Harlyche aud latte," Wright's Seven Sages, p. 21. H.\RM. A contagious disease. West. H.VRM.VNJJECK. A constable, //arman*, the stocks. Old cant terms. IL\RMLES. Without arms. Hearne. HARMS. To mimic. Yorksh. H.VRN. Coarse linen. North. IIARNEIS. Armour ; furniture. {.i.-N.) H.\RNEISE. To dress ; to put on armour. HARNEN. Made of horn. Wilts. HARNES. The brains. North. And of hys hede he brake the bone, The haniet lay uppon the Btone. MS. if-irf. I7l)I,f.34. The clensynge place of the hert is under the armes; the clensyng place of the lyver Is bytwyx the tliee and the body; and the clensyng place of the hctmea es under the ere. MS. Lincoln A. I. 17. f. .TOl. HARNESS. (1) Any kind of iinplemcnt or ma- chine. West. Also as llarneis, q. v. Har- ness-horse, a horse protected by armour. ** Ilarnes-man, armigere" Palsgrave. (2) Temper; humour. South. IIAIINISH. To harness. Salop. HARN.PAN. The skull. .Vorth. " Crinium, a hwnpane," Nominate MS. HaKNSEV. a heron. llKwce harmey-ffutted, lank and lean. East. 11 Alio. The ancient Norman hue and cry ; the exclamatiou of a person to procure assistance when his person or property was in danger. To cry out haro on any one, to denounce his evd doings. Ilaroll alarome, an exclama- tion of astonishment and alarm, mentioned bv Palsgrave. HAROFE. Catch-weed. See llariff. Tak wormed, or harofe, or wodebynde, and stampe it, and wrynge owt tlie jeuse, and do it lewke in thyne ere. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 2«3. HAROOD. A herald. Torrent, p. 72. HARO WES. Arrows. Somerset. So they schett with hurowes small. And sett laddurs to the wallc. .MS. Canlah. Ff. 11. 38, f. 161. HARP. To grumble. Northumb. HARPER. An Irish shilling, which bore the figure of a harj), and was in reality only worth ninepence. Ben Jonson, vii. 401. Although such musique some a shilling cost. Yet is it worth but nine-pence at the most. Barnjifld'e Lady Pecunia, 1598. HARPERS-CORD. A harpsichord. HARPOUR. A harper. Chaucer. HARP-SHILLING. Same as Harper, q. v. The haberdashers by natural operation of this comet are fortunate, for olde hattesnew trimd shall not last long, and /i(irpe*/ji//)np« shall not passe for twelvepence. — Fearefull and Lamentable Effects or Two dangerous Comets, 15J)1. HARPY. A species of hawk. Gent. Rec. IIARR. To snarl angrily. North. IIARRAS. The harvest. West. IIARRE. (1) Higher. Chester Plays, i. 134. (2) The back upright timber of agate, by wlucli it is hung to its post. Nomenclator, 15S0. (3) Out of harre, out of order. See Jamiesou. Herre,'MS. Bodl. 294. Thei asken all judgemedt Ayenc the man, and make hym warre, Ther while himselfe stant out of harre, Oower, ed. 1554, f. 6. HARREN. Made of hair. East. IIARRER. Quicker. An exclamation to a horsi- in Towneley Mysteries, p. 9. HARREST-DAM. IIar\est-honie. Yorksh. HARRIAGE. Confusion. East. HARRIDAN. A haggard old woman ; a mise- rable, worn-out harlot. Grose. HARRIDGE. The straight edge of a ruler, oi anv other thing. Yorksh. HARRIMAN. A lizard. Salop. HARRINGTON. A farthing, so called because Lord Harrington obtained from James I. a patent for making brass farthings. Drunken ISaruaby says, Thence to Harrington be it spoken, rornamc-sake I gave a token To a beggar tliat did crave it. IIARRISII. Harsh. See Narcs, in v. HARllOT. A herald, lieu Jonson, i. 28. Ilyght sonc were thay redely on every syde. For lhe/iorrufe» betwyxtelhame fast dydc ryde. MS. Lnmd. SOB. f. i". HARROW. (1) Same as Haro, q. v. (2) To tear to pieces ; to distract ; the same as Harry, q. v. Hence the title of the piece, the HwTOwing of Hell, in llarl. MSS. HAR 436 HAS v3) To fatigue greatly. Line. HARROW-BALL. The frame of a harrow, with- out the spikes. Line. HiVRROWER. A Idnil of hawk. Blome. HARRS. Hinges of a door. North. The two ends of a gate are so called. See Harre. H.\RRy. (1) To spoil, or plunder; to vex ; to torment ; to impose upon ; to drag by force or liolence. {A.-S.) (2) A rude clown. Craven. HARRY-BANNINGS. Sticklebacks. North. HARRY-GAUD. A low person. North. HARRY-GROATS. Groats coined in Henry VlU.'a time, of which there were several kinds ; but the term was sometimes applied to a peculiar impression. " Spurroyals, Harry- groats, or such odde coine," Citie Match, p. 14. See also Nares. HARRY-LION. A horse-godmother. See the Christmas Prince, ed. 1816, p. 33. HARRY-LONG-LEGS. See Harvest-man. HARRY-RACKET. A game played somewhat similarly to Hide atul ^eek. HARSKE." Dry ; astringent. Pr. Parv. HARSLET. A pig's chitterlings. " A haggise, a chitterling, a hog's harslet," Nomen. p. 87. HARSTANE. The hearthstone. North. HARSTOW. Hearest thou .' {A.-S.) HART. (1) Heard. Towneley Myst. p. 274. (2) A baft ; a handle. Somerset. HART-CLAYER. The melilot. North. HARTICHALKS. Artichokes. Deeon. HARTMANS. The stocks. Dekker. HART-OF-GREECE. Or hart of grease, a fat hart ; a capon of grease, a fat capon, &c. See Robin Hood, ii. 59. HART-OF-TEN. A hart that has ten or eleven croclies to his horns. See Ben Jonsou's Works, vi. 254. HARTREE. A gate-post. South. HART-ROYAL. A hart that escapes after hav- ing been pursued by royalty was ever after- wards termed a hart -royal ; and if the king or queen make proclamation for his safe return, he was then called a hnri royal proclaimed. HART'S-EYE. Wild ditany. Topsell. HARTYKYN. A term of endearment. Pals- grave's Acolastus, 1540. HARUM-SCARUM. Very giddy ; thoughtless. Hariim, harm, Havclok, 1983. HARVE. A haw. North Esse,v. HARVEST-BEEF. A term applied to any kind of meat eaten in harvest. Norf. HARVEST-CART. Men employed in carting com are said to be at ham^est cart. HARVEST-GOOSE. See Jrvyst-gos. HARVEST-LADY. The second reaper in a row, the first and principal reaper, whose motions regulate those of his followers, being called the harvest -lord. The second reaper is also called the har\-est-queen. HARVEST-MAN. The cranefly. Var. dial. HARVEST-ROW. The shrew mouse. Wilts. H.\RWERE. One who vexes, torments, or plunders. Cov. Myst. p. 160. HAS. (1) An elliptical expression for he has, not unusual in old poetry. (2) Haste. Sir Perceval, 487. HASARDOUR. A gamester. {A.-N.) Hence hasardrie, gaming. " A/iator, a haserder," Nominate MS. HAS-ARMES. SeeAs-armes. HASCHE. Ashes. Translated bv ein/s in MS. Lansd. 560, f. 45. HASE, (1) A hog's haslet. Noif. (2) Hoarse. See Gloss, to Ritsou's Met. Rom. (3) As. Anturs of Arther, p. 9. (4) Small rain, or mist ; a fog. North. (5) To breathe short. Line. (6) To beat ; to thrash ; to rub. North. HASELRYS. A hazle-bush. {A.-S.) HASH. (1) A sloven ; one who talks hash, or nonsense. North. (2) Harsh ; unpleasant ; rough ; severe ; quick. J'ar. dial. H.\SK. (1) Rough; parched; stiff; coarse; harsh ; dry. North. (2) A insh-hasket. Spenser. HASKERDE. A rough fellow. Dekker. Called in the North haspert. " Vilane hastarddis, Percy's Rel. p. 25. HASLE-OIL. A severe beating. Var. dial. HASLET. Same as Harslet, q. v. HASP. The iron catch of a door which falls into a loop. Hence, to fasten. See Gesta Romano- nmi, p. 464. HAS PAT. A youth between a man and a boy. Also called a haspenald. HASPIN. An idle fellow. North. HASPINFULL. A handfuh Notts. H.\SSELL. An instrument formerly used for breaking flax and hemp. HASSEN. Asses. Jio/i. Glouc. HASSOCK. A reed, or rush ; atuft of rushes, or coarse grass. North. See Harrison's England, pp. 213, 236. A basket made of hassocks was called a hassock. And that hassorks should he gotten in the fen, and laid at the foot of the said bank in several places where need required. Dugdale'a Imbankittg, p. 32?. HASSOCK-HEAD. A bushy entangled head of coarse hair. East. HASTE. To roast. Hence, perhaps, hastmg apples, or pears. West. HASTELETYS. Part of the inwards of a wild boar. Reliq. Antiq. i. 154. There were seve- ral dishes in cookery so called. Scho fechede of the kytchyne H,i,- Daughter. HATE-SPOT. The ermine. Topsell. HATHE. (1) To ie in a hathe, to be matted closely together. West. (2) A tia|)-(loor in a ship. Ilowell, 1600. HATHELEST. .Most noble. {A.-S.) I am comyne fra the conquerour curtaise and gentille, As one of the hathelegt of Arthur knyghtcz. M"rte Arthurs, MS. Lincfilnt f. 64. HATHELL. A nolileman, or knight. See Wright's Lvric Poetry, p. 33. HATHENNES. Heathendom. {A.-N.) UATHER. Heath, or ling. North. HATIE. Haughtiness. Heame. HATIEN. To hate. {A.-S.) HATKIN. A finger-stall. Suffolk. HATOUS. Hateful. Hardyng, f. 52. HATREN. Garments ; clothes. {.i.-S.) Befyl hy t so upon a day That pore men sate yn the way, And spred here tiatren on here barme, Ajens the Sonne that was warme. MS. Harl. 1701, f. 37- HATREX. Hatred. Langtoft, p. 124. HATS-OF-ESTATE. Caps of dignity, used at coronations, antl in processions. HATTENE. Called ; named. {A.-S.) The secunde dedtly synno es hattene envy ; that es, a sorowe and a syte of the welefare, and a joy of theevylle fareof oure evenecristene. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 218. HATTER. (1) To entangle. North. (2) To expose to danger ; to weary out ; to wear out ; to harass, or trouble. HATTEROL. The same as Haterel, q. v. HATTERS. Spiders? Palsgrave. HATTIL. A thumb-stall. Derh. IIATTLE. Wild; skittish. Cliesh. HATTOCK. A shock of corn. North. HATTON. Same as .Ickel.uun, q. v. Bcfyse dud on a gode Itatton, II yt was worlhc many a towne. MS. Cuiitab. Ff. ii. 38, f. Inl. HATTOU. Art thou named .' {A.-S.) IIATURE. Poison ; venom. {A.-S.) Then was tlicr a dragon grete and grymme, Fulle of /lafureand of venym. MS. Cantab. Ff. Ii. 311, f. 24i;. HAUBER-JANNOCK. An oat-cake. North. HAUBERK. A co.it of mail. {A.-N.) .Syr M.tdor allt- rcdy wa* Witli hL'liiie, and shelde, axid liaubarke shene. MS. Harl. iiM. t. I".j. IIAUCEPYS. Hancepys .> Alxjmen takelh hem yn piidya, and with nedles, and wiU\ baactp!/t. or wiili vcncmous powdres that men gy veth hem yn lluoh, and many other mancres. MS. Ilodl. S4u. IIAUCH. (1) To gore as a bull, n'ent. (2) To speak a broad accent. Deron. HAUCIIEIM'AUCIIEH. Said of potatoes boiled (o a mash. Devon. Sometimes it is. all to paiich. HAUD. Hold; stop; go. North. HAUF-ROCKTON. Quite silly. Yorksh. HAV 438 HAW HAUF-THICK. Half fat. North. HAUGII. Flat ground by a river-side. Also, a hillock. North. H AUGHT. Proud; haughty. Nares. Spelt haiilte in jVrcli. xxviii. 106. HAUGHTY. Windy. Norfolk. HAUK. A cut, or wound. A term formerly used in fencing. Holme, 1688. HAUKIT. Very ugly. South. HAUL. The harel. Somerset. HAULEN. To halloo. "The hunteres thay haulen." Robson, p. 3. HAULiM. Straw; stubble; stalks of plants. Also, to cut haulm. / ar. dial. HAULTE. High. Stanihurst, p. 19. 5IAULT0. A three-pronged dung-fork. HAUM. To lounge about. Leic. HAUM-GOBBARD. A siUv clown. Yorish. HAUiMPO. To halt. lane. HAUMS. The skin. (^.-5.) HAUMUDEYS. A purse. {A.- V.) HAUNCE. To raise; to exalt. (A.-N.) H.AUNCH. (1) To fondle ; to pet. Line. (2) To throw ; to jerk. North. HAUNDYLT. Handled. Rel. Ant. i. 86. HAUNKEDE. Fastened. See I/ani (2). And forthi ere t!i.iy callede dedely synnes, for thay gastely slaa like manes and womanes saule that 05 hauiikede in alle or in any of thayme. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 217. HAUNT. Custom ; practice. {A.-N.) H.VUNTE. To practise ; to pursue J to follow; to frequent. {.-I.-N.) Judas wel he knew the stude That Jhesus was hautitonde. Cui-.mr Mundi, MS. Cull. Trin. Cintnb. f. 97. HAUNTELERE. The antler of a deer. H.\UPORTII. An awkward uncouth person ; a worthless bargain. North. HAURLL. To drag, or pull. North. HAUSE. The neck, or throat. North. See the old form hak. Hause-col, a steel gorget for the neck. HAUST. (1) High. Heame. (2) A cough ; a cold. North. (3) A hop-kiln. Sitsser. HAUSTMENT. A stiff under-garment to keep the body erect. HAUT. High ; lofty ; proud. Lydgate. HAUTEHEDE. Haughtiness. {.4..N.) HAUTEIN. Haughty. Also, loud. Hautein falcon, a hitjh-flving hawk. HAUTE PACE. See Halpace. HAUTESSE. Highness ; greatness. (^.-.V.) HAUVE. (1) The helve of an axe. n^est. (2) To come near, applied to horses. HAUZEN. Same as Hake, q. v. Grose has haw:e, to huj or embrace. See Rause. HAU5T. Ought. Apol. LoU. p. 59. H.W. The spikelet of the oat. Oats when planted are said to be haved. Devon. See Reliq. .4.ntiq. ii. 80. HAVAGE. (1) Race ; family. Devon. (2) Sort, or kind. Exmoor. HAVANCE. Good manners. Devon. Perhaps from have, to behave. HAVE. To have ado, to meddle in a matter. To have a mind to one, to be favourable to him. To have ffOoddai/,toh\d ^ood day. To have on, to wear. Have with you, I will go with you. 1 have broujt the undur grene wod lyne ; Fare wel and have gode day. MS. Cantab. Ff. v. 48, f. 132. HAVED. Head. More commonly heved. Wot he defendes hym hardUy, Many a haved he made blody. GV of n'arwike, Middlehill MS. H.AVEIXG. Cleaning corn. Chei fVill.1, MS. Roi/alSoc. p. .TOO. HEAVING-DAYS. Easter Monday and Tues- ilay, so called from the custom of lifting at that time. Warw. HEAVING-OF-TllE-MAW. A game at cards. Sec Archscologia, viii. 149. HE.\VISOME. Very didl or heavv. North. HEAVLE. A dung-fork. Ileref.' HEAVY-CAKE. A flat, compact, currant cake, so called in Cornwall. HEAVYISH. Somewhat heavy. Var. dial. HEAZE. To cough, or spit. North. HEBBE. To heave. Rob. Glouc. p. 17. HEBBEN. Toliave. Kyng Alisaunder,4940. HEBBER-MAN. A fisherman on the Thames below London Bridge. HEBBLE. (1) A narrow, short, plank-bridge. Yorislt. See Hallamsh. Gl. p. 1 13. (2) To build up hastily. North. HEBEN. Ebony. (^.-A^.) The juice of it was formerly considered poisonous. IIEBERD. Harboured ; lodged. Langtoft. HEBOLACE. A dish in cookery, composed of onions, herbs, and strong broth. HE-BRIMMLE. A bramble of more than one year's growth. Somerset. HECCO. The green woodpecker. Drayton. HECH. (1) Each. See Rob. Glouc. p. 240. (2) A hatch, or small door. North. HECHELE. A hatchel for flax. SeetheReliq. Antiq. ii. 78, 81, 176. HECK. The division from the side of the fire in the form of a passage in old houses ; an in- closure of open-work, of slender bars of wood, as a bay-rack ; the bolt or bar of a door. " With hck and mangeor," Arch. xvii. 203. Heci-borird, the board at the bottom of a cart. Heck-door, the inner door, not closely panelled, but only partly so, and the rest latticed. Half-heck, the half or lower part of a door. North. HECK-BERRY. The bird-cherry. Yorksh. HECKEMAL. Thetom-tit. Devon. HECK-FAR. A heifer. Huloet, 1552. HECKLE. (1) To dress tow or flax ; to look an- gry, or to put oneself into an impotent rage ; to beat. North. (2) An artificial fly for fishing; a corslet or any other covering, as the heckle of a fighting- cock ; the skin of an ox. North. (3) Busy interference; intrusive meddling; im- pertinence. Yorish. (4) The name of an engine used for taking fish in the Owse. Blount. HECKLED. \Vraiii)ed. Skinner. HECKLE-SPIRE. Same as Acrospire, q. v. HECKSTOWER. A raik-staflT. Yorksh. HKCKTII. The highest. Glouc. HECLEPYN. Called. Uitson. HECTE. Highest. Hrarne. We have Aw/A, height, Akcrman's Wiltsb. Gloss. HED. (1) Heeded ; carid for. Uerbysh. (2) Head. {.-I.-S.) On his hed, on pain of losing his head. To laie the hed in wed, to kill or slay, lied mas peny, a peimy otTored at the mass saiil for a person's soul at his funeral. Sec Blount. HEDARE. One who beheads. Pr. Parv. IIEDDE. Hidden. Chaucer. IIEDDER. Hither. See Tundale, p. 40. 28* HEE 442 HEG HEDDIR. An adder. See Apol. LoU. p. 97. Heddre, Reliq. Antiq. ii. 273. HEDDLES. The small cords through which the warp is passed in a loom, after going through the reed. North. HEDE. (1) To hehead. See Torrent, p. 90. (2) Haljit ; dress. Perceval, 1103. {A.-S.) HEDEN. A heathen. IVeber. HEDER. A male sheep. Line. HEDE-RAPYS. Head-ropes. A sea term. Thane was hede-rapys heweue that helde upe the mastes; Thare was conteke fulle kene, and crachynge of chippys. Mnrte JrChure, MS. Lincoln, f 91. HEDGE. To mend hedges. " Thresh and dig and hedg," MS. Ashmole 208. The sun shines both sides of the hedge, said of sum- mer. To be on the wrong side of the hedge, to be mistaken. To hedge in a debt, to se- cure it cunningly. HEDGE-ACCENTOR. The hedge-sparrow. East. See Forhv, ii. 155. HEDGE-ALEHOUSE. A very small obscure ale-house. J'ar.dial. HEDGE-BELLS. Great bindweed. South. HEDGE-BORE. Rough, unskilful, appUed to a workman. West. HEDGE-BOTE. Timber ; fire- wood. {A.-S.) HEDGE-CREEPER. A wily crafty vagabond and thief. " Un avantiirier vagabond qui fait la regnardiire depeur des coups, a hedge- creeper," Hollyband's Dictionarie, 1593. HEDGE-HOGS. Small stunted trees in hedges unfit for timber. Chesh. HEDGE-HOUND. A stinking species of fungus growing in hedges. Var. dial. HEDGE-MARRIAGE. A secret clandestine marriage. North. The term hedge in com- l)Osition generally implies deterioration. Hedge-priest, a very ignorant priest. Hedge- whore, a very common whore. " A doxie, conmion hackney, liedgewhore," Cotgrave, in v. Cantonniere. HEDGE-RISE. Underwood used for making up hedges. North. HEDGE-SPEAKS. Hips. Glouc. HEDGE-TACKER. A hedge-mender. Devon. HEDLAK. A kind of cloth. HEDLY-MEDLY. Confusion. Hall. HEDLYNG. Headlong, ll'eber. HEDGES. Hideous. See Robson, p. 64. HEDON. Went. Chrouicon Vilodun. p. 118. HEDOYXE. A kind of sauce ? .Sythene herons in heiivi/nehy\eA fulle faire, Grett swannea fulle swy the in silveryne chargeurs. Morte .■Irthui-e, MS. Lincoln, f, 55. HEDUR-COME. Arrival ; hither-coming. HEDYRWARDE. Uitlierward. " Herkenes now hedyrwarde," MS. Morte Arthure,f 53. HEE. (1) Eye. Wright's Seven Sages, p. 71. (2) High. Still in use iu the North. To se the dere draw to the dale. And leffe the hiHes fiee. And shadow hem in the leves grene Undur the grene-woode tre. MS. Cmtab. Ff. T. 48, f. 135. HEEDER. A male animal. Line. HEEDISH. Headstrong ; testy ; flighty. HEEDS. Necessity. Northumb. HEEL. (1) The inside thick part of the hand, from the second joint of the thumb to the wrist. Comw. (2) The rind of cheese. Var. dial. Also, the crust of bread. Dorset. ( 3 ) To upset a bucket. Glouc. (4) To kick one's heels, to stand idly in a place waiting for something. J'ar.dial. HEELE. Danger. Ritson. HEELER. A quick runner, from a fighting- cock, formerly so called. North. HEEL-RING. The ring which secures the blade of a plough. The wedges are called heel-wedges. Var. dial. HEELS. (1) The game of nine-pins. (2) To turn up the heels, to die. To take to the heels, to run away. Out at heels, in debt. He toke a surfct with a cup, That made hyra tourne his heelt up. The Boke of Mayd Emli/n. HEEL-TAP. The heel-piece of a shoe. Also, wine or liquor left at the bottom of a glass. Var. dial. HEEL-TREE. The swing-bar at the heels of a horse drawing a harrow. Line. HEEM. Near ; haudy ; convenient. Salop. HEENT. Have not. Suffolk. HEERS. A hearse. Archaiologia, x. 95. HEEST. Highest. Craven. HEET. Commanded. Weber. HEEZE. To elevate ; to raise. North. HEFDE. The head. Hob. Glouc. HEFE. Lifted up. Also, to lift up. A man hefc ones at the fonte A mayde chylde, as men are wonte. MS. Hurl. 1701, f 64. IlEFFLE. To hesitate ; to prevaricate. North. IIEFFUL. A woodpecker. Craven. IIEFLY. Heavenly. Cov. Myst. p. 255. HEFT. (1) Weight ; pressure. A common term in provincial architecture. Metaphorically, need or great necessity. As a verb, to lift. To he done to the lief I, exhausted, worn out. (2) A haft, or handle. Loose in tlie luft, of dis- sipated habits. See Howell, p. 14. (3) A haunt. North. (4) A heaving, or reaching. Shak. (5) Command; restraint. Weber. HEFTED. Accustomed ; usual. Durham. HEFTERT. After. North. HEFl POIP. A temporary haniUe used in grind- ing knives, &c. Yorksh. HEFY. Heavy. Hampole's Stim. Conscien. HEGE. A hedge. Somerset. Tho thou thorowe the hege ren, Thou shal be hongut be the throte. MS. Cantab. Ff. v. 48, f. 110 HEGEHEN. Eyes. Ritson. HEGGAN. A hard dry cough. Devon. HEGGE. A hag. "A witche that chaungeth the favour of children, the hegge or fairie," Elyot, in V. Slrix. Harrison, p. 218, says, old coins HEK 443 HEL found in Kent were called hegs pence by the country people. HEUGLING. Vexatious; tning; weansome. SiiKsex. Hall uses the word. HEGH. Ahedge. Reliq. Antiq. ii. 83. HEGHE. To exalt. MS. Cott. Vesp. D. vii. For-thi Goil base h'f:htdt hyinc, and gyffene hym name that es .ibowiie al that name beres. MS. Liiii-uln A. i. 17, f. 2^- HEGHTE. Eight. MS. Morte Arthure. Sir Dcgrevaunt, that hende knyght, With heglue helmys on hyRhte. m. Li„mln\. i. 17- f. 131. HEGHTENE. The eighth. (J.-S.) And one the he^-hlene vlij. day, thay fande a basl- lisc, that mene callez a cocatrys, a grete and ane hor- rible. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17. f. 38. HEGHYN. To hedge ; to inclose. It occurs in MS. Bihl. Reg. 12 B. i. f. 78. HEGLICHE. Highly. Se^TU Sages, 2028. HEl. (DThey. Weher, i. 232. Also, high. (2) An egg. Reliq. Antiq. ii. 83. HEIAR. Higher. See Apol. LoU.p. 31. HEIDEGYES. Sports ; dances. Kisse EDdiinion, kisse his eyes ; Then to our midnight heidfgyes. Lilll/'s Eiidimion, 1632, sig. E. iv. HEIE. Tall. SeeHavelok,987. (A.-S.) HEIFKER. A heifer. Norf. HEIGH. An exclamation to arrest any one's progress. Var. dial. HEIGHAW. A woodpecker. " OnW, a heighaw orwitwall," Cotgrave. HEIGHE. To hie, or go in haste. Jll in heii/he, all in haste. Still in use. On heigheinij, in haste. See Lay le IVeine, 214. HEIGHEING. Command, or proclamation. HEIGHEN. To heighten. Norf. HEIGH-GO-MAI). In gieat spirits ; highly en- raged. North. HEIGH-HOW. (1) Toyawn. North. (2) .\n occasional assistant in a house or kitchen. Lincolnshire MS. Gloss. HEIGHMOST. The highest. Yorksh. HEIGHT. To threaten. //«>A/ nor ree, neither go nor drive, said of a wilful person. HEUIOW. The herh alehoof. HEIK. To swing, or jerk. Yorksh. Aboardfor see-saw is calleil a heikey. HEIKE. The same as Huke, q. v. IIEILI). Decrease ; wane. Nash. HEILDOM. Health. SirTristrcm. HEIND. A hand. M'eber. HEIK. (1) To inherit from any one. North. (2) A vc)ungtind)er tree. Hants. HEIUK. Air. Also, higher. See Ritson. HEIRKHES. Harriers. Twici, p. 58. HEISEl). Eased. R. de Brunne. HEISTE. Highest. See Chester Plays, ii. 113. HEISUGGE. The hedge-sparrow. Cliaiiccr. HEIT. To throw, or toss up. IP'est. HEIVY-KElVlf. Tottering; hesitating; uncer tain. lleni'C, tipsy. Norl/i. HE131NG. Speed. Will. Werw. p. 88. HE13TTE. Was called. (A.-S.) HEK. Also, lleamc. HEKES. Racks. See Heck. Hfkes and hakkenays, and horses of armes. ^f^>rte Arlhure, MS. Lincoln, f. 77 HEL. A bin. See Weber, ii. 237. And now this day is eorven oute of stone, Withoute hondis. of that holy he!. Liidgnle, MS. Soe. Antiq. 134, f. 12. HELASS. Alas! Palsgrave. HELDAR. Rather ; before. North. More, in a greater degree. Gaicayne. HELDE. (1) To tlu-ow, or cast ; to put ; to give way, or surrender. It occurs in the last sense in the Morte Arthure, MS. Lincoln. (2) Fidelity ; loyalty. Hearne. (3) The wild tansy. Culpeper. (4) Covered. Sir Degrevant, 1185. ( 5) Health. See Wright's Seven Sages, p. 40. (6) Beheld. Also, hold, ll'elier. (7) To incline, or bend. Pr. Parv. (8) To ride ; to foUotv ; to move ; to advance ; to go down ; to lead. Gawayne. (9) A very small apple. Deron. HELDING. Quick ; fast ; pelting. Weft. HELDISH. Bucolic ; appertaining to cattle. HELE. (1) Health ; salvation. {A.-S.) Itocctu^ in MS. Cott. Vespas. D. vii. Also, to heal, to help. It is common in early English. (2) To hide; to cover. (.^'.-5.) Hence, in Devon, to roof or slate, to earth up pota- toes, to cover anj-thing up. Onder the schadow of t.hi wynges hele me fra the face of the wicked, that me han tourmentid. MS. Coll. Eton. 10, f. 24. (3) To pour out. Wilts. HELELES. Helpless. Chaucer. HELEN. Caves. [A.-S.) HELFRlNGWtJRT. The plant consoUda media. See a hst in MS. Sloane 5, f. 4. HELING. Hidden. MS. Cott. Vesp. D. vii. HELINGS. Tlie eyelids. Palsgrave. HELISE. Elvsium. Chaucer. HELKS. Large detached crags. Also, laige white clouds, North. HELL. (1) A term at the game of Barley-break, q. V. See Patient Grissel, p. 26. These teach that dauncing Is a Jczabcll, And barley-break the ready way to r,ell. Knndiilpli's Forms, 1G43, p. 105. (2) A tailor's hell was the place where he depo- sited his cabbage. (3) To pour out, as Hele, q. V. It occurs in MS. Lincoln. Med. f. 287. And belyvc he p:irtc tflh downne the water on the erthe before allc bis mene, and whennc his knyghtil mw that, thay ware hugely comforthcdo. MS. L%nculn A. I. 17. f. 27- (4) A cant terra for the darkest and worst part of the hole, an obscure dungeon in a prison. Massinger, cd. (iilVoi'd, iv. 7. IlELLA. fbe nigbini.tre. West. IIKLL-CAT. A furious vixen or scold. Grose. IlEl.LECK. A rivulet. Miege. HELLERED. Swollen. Yorksh. IIELI-FALLERO. A great ttimult. South. HELL-HOUND. A wicked fellow. HELLIER. A thntchcr, or tiler. West, \\i\t HEM 444 HEN Tjler is called Walterus Helier by Wal- singham. See MS. Lansd. 1033. HELLIN. Hardened soot. Yorksh. HELL-KETTLES. The name given to three pools of water near Darlington. Bishop Tonstall is said to have ascertained their won- derful depth by putting a goose into one of them, which was afterwards found in an ad- joining river. See Hanison, p. 130 ; Brome's Travels, p. 166. HELL-0-OXE-SIZE. At a great rate; the whole hog. South. HELL-R.\KE. A large rake, with long iron teeth. Var. dial. HELL-WAIX. A supernatural waggon, seen in the sky at night. North. HELLY. Hellish. See Nares and Todd, in v. HELM. (1) A handle. .\lso, a hovel; a kind of outhouse. North. (2) A heavy mountain cloud. Cumb. (3) To cut the ears of wheat from the straw be- fore thrashing it. Glouc. HELME. A helmet. Perceval, 1225. Helmed, armed with a helmet. HELME-HOOP. A helmet. (A.-S.) HELOE. Bashful ; modest. North. " Hee is verie maidenly, shamefac'de, lieloe," Cotgrave, in v. Coifft. HELON. To cover ; to hide. Sussex. HELP. To mend, or repair. North. HELPLY. Helping ; helpful ; assisting. HELP-UP. To assist, or support. East. HELSUM. Wholesome. Apol. Loll. p. 6. HELT. (1) Poured out. See Ritson, i. 16. (2) Healthy. Heanie. (3) Likely ; probable ; perhaps. Lane. (4) To soil, or dirty ; to make a mess of Line. HfiLTER. A horse-coUar made of hemp. Also, a halter. North. With quat pride come this Lorde thider. As a kytig shiild do? Barleg on a heltii-d horse. And jet barfote also. MS. Canlab. Ft. v. 48, f. 88. HELTER-SKELTER. Confusedly ; disorderly ; promiscuously. See Florio, pp. 20, 96. HELVE. (1) A stone pitcher. Glouc. (.2) Abaft. Sevyn Sages, 384. To throw the helve after the hatchet, to be in despair. (3) To gossip. Also a subst. Susse.v. HELWALLS. The end outside walls of a gable house. Oxon. HELYCH. Loudly. {.i.-S.) They herde iu theire herbergage hundrethez fuUe many, Hornez of olyfantez fulle hetuch hlawene. Morte Arthurs, MS. Lincoln, f. 67. HEM. (1) Yen-. Su.-kkes ware swa scharpe thane_ That they percede nere thurghe the heme- pttune. MS. Lincoln .\. i. 17, f. I90i Hittes hym on the hede that the helme bristis ; Hurttes his heme-pane an haunde-brede large. Moyte ^i-thure, MS. Lincoln, f. 77. HERNIST. Yeamest ; desh-est. {A.-S.) HERNSEWE. A kind of stramer used in an- cient cookery. HERNSHAW A heron. " ^r(?eo/a, an hearne. sew," Elyot, 1559. Hernsue, MS. Line. Gloss. Herunsew, Reliq. Antiq. i. 88. HEROD. The fierceness of this character in the old mysteries has been well illustrated by the Shakespearian commentators. Hence the expression, it out-Herod's Herod, his language being always of the most fiery and extravagant character. HERONERE. A hawk made to fly only at the heron. {.4.-N.) HEROUD. Aherald. Sir Degrevant, 1141. HERPLE. To walk lame ; to creep. North. IIERRE. (1) Saiue as f/arre, q. v. The londe, the see, the firmament. They axen also juggement Ajcn the man, and make him werre, Thetwhile himselfe stante oute of herre. Cower, MS. Soc. Antiq. 134, f. 37. (2) A hinge. Prompt. Parv. HERRET. A pitiful little wretch. JTest. HERRIN. Urine. Salop. HERRINGCOBS. Young herrings. It was formerly a genericterm for anjthiug worthless. " The rubbish and outcast of your herringcobs invention," A Pfl to Purge Melancholic, a. d. Herrinq-fare, the season for catching herrings. HERRORIOUS. Full of error ? " Lorde Cobham herrorious," Hardyng, f. 208. HERRY'. To plunder, or spoiL IJerrf with long nails, the devil. North. HERSALL. Rehearsal. Spenser. HERSE. (1) A dead body. Heyuood. (2) A framework whereon lighted candles were placed at funerals. Also, a frame set over the cotfin, whereon was placed a cloth called the h&rse-elothe, which was often richly em- broidered. See Account of the Grocers' Com- panv, p. 13. HERSTOW. nearest thon .' {A.-S.) Heritow, felow * hast thou do The thyng that I seid the to ? MS. Cantab. Ff. V. 48, f.53. HERSY"V'E. A hair-sieve. Pegge. HERTE. (1) Hurt. Chaucer. (2) To be heartened, or encouraged. Bere it to sir Howelle that es in harde bandez. And byd hyme herte hym wele, his enmy es destruede. Morte Artbure, MS. Lincoln, f. 6fi. HERTECLOWRE. The plant germander. HERTELES. Without courage. {A.-S.) HERTEN. Buckskin. Ritson, iii. 293. HERTHE. Earth; mould. Lydgate. HERTLES. Cowardlv. Pr. Pan. HERTLY. Hearty; strong; severe. The hethene harageous kynge appone the hethe lyggex. And of his bertly hurte helyde he never. Morte .tjrthure, MS. Lincoln, f. 72. IIET 44; IIEW HERT-ROWEE. A dish in cookery, described in the Forme of Cun,-, p. 79. HERTS. WhortleVierrics. West. See Slierwen's Introd. to an Examination, 1809, p. 16. HERTYS-OF-GRESE. Fat harts. Me thynke his hertya of grese Berys na letters of pese, MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 131. HERUNDE. An errand. See Chron. Vil.p. 136. HER\T:STEN. To make harvest. (A.-S.) IIERY. Hain,'. Lydgafe. Her armes Aerv with blac hide, Herelbowes were sett In her side. Ctirmr Munit, MS. Col. Trin. Canlab. f. 61. HERYE. To plunder, or spoil. (y/.-S.) To his mancre he wente : A faire place was ther schent, His husbandes that gaffe hymrent Heryede in plighte. MS. Lincoln A. i. 1?, f. 130. HERYING. Praise. Chaucer. HES. Has. Townelev Mysteries. HESELYCHE. Hastily. Heame. HESLYNE. Compo.sed of hazle trees. "Corulus, a hesyl tre," Nominale MS. Holtis and hare woddes, with hestyne schawes. M'^e Arlhure, MS. Liimiln, f. 80. HESP. A hasp, or latch. North. " A hespe, haspa," Nominale .\IS. HESPALL. To harass. Heref. HESPE. A hank of yarn. North. HESTE. A command; a promise. (A.-S.) HESTERN. Of yesterday. Nares. HESTRIS. State ; condition. (A.-N.) HET. (l)Heated. North. It occurs in Gifford's Dialogue on Witches, 1603. (2) It. Also, to hit or strike. West. (3) Promised. Towneley Mysteries, p. 39. (•J) Hight, or named. Lane. (5) Haye it. Nort/i. HETCH. (1) A thicket ; a hedge. Suffoli. (2) To turn upside down. North. HETE. (1) To promise. AJsoasuhst. {A.-S.) The scheperde seid, I wille with the goo, I dar the hete a foule or twoc». MS. Cantab. Ff. v. 48, f. .'il. (2) To he called, or named. {A.-S.) HETELICH. Hotly; eagerly. "Ilethely in my halle," MS. Morte Arlhure. And Guy heut his sword in hand. And hctclich smot to Colbrand. Rumance of Guy of Warwick. HETEL-TONGUED. FouLmouthed. Diirh. HETIICROPPER. A horse bred on a heath. Dorset. HETHEN. Hence. {A.-S.) HETHENNES. Heathen land. Farrc In hethenticn ys he To werre InGoddys graee. MS. Cantab. Ff. 11. .18, f. 72- HETHER. (1) An adder. Salop. (2) Nearer. Holinshcd, Chron. Scoll. p. 31. (3) Rough ; ugly ; liearish. North. HETIIEVED. Ahead. (A.-S.) HETHING. Contempt; mockery. {A.-S.) -Skome he had and grete hethyufi Of them that made so grcte boityng. MS. Cantab. Ff. 11. 3U, f. IL'C. And alle that hyin aboute stode Wende that man hade bene wode. And lowj hym to heth,vng. MS. Canlab. Ff. v. 48, f. &4. Tille the was done thare at the begynnyng Many fawlde dlspyte and hethyn^'c. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 190. HETING. A promise. {A.-S.) This hetynge was that lyme ful mykel. But his was ful falsand fikrl. Cvrsin- Mundi, MS. Cull. Trin. Canlab. f. 5. HETLIK. Fiercely ; vehemently. (^.-5.) Hctlik ho lette of ilk fire ; To Godd self wald he be pere. MS. cut. Vctpaa. A. Hi. f. 4. HETTER. Eager ; earnest ; keen ; bitter ; cross ; ill-natured. North. IIETTl.E. Hasty; eager. Yorksh. IlEUCK. A crook, or sickle. Also, the hip. bone of a cow. Heuck-fingered, thievish. North. HEUDIN. The leather connecting the hand- staff of a flail with the swingle. North. IIEL'F. A shelter; a home. Yorksh. HEUGH. A rugged steep hill-side; a ravine. North. HEUKS. The hiccough. Devon. HEUNT. A mole. Wore. HEUSTER. A dyer. Nominale MS. " Diers and hcwsters," Chester Plays, i. 7. HEVE. To heave ; to raise; to labour ; to put in motion. {A.-S.) IlEVED. Ahead. {A.-S.) Hevedloiiil, nhciti- land, MS. Arund. 220. HEVEDE. (1) Had. MS. Harl. 2253. (2) To behead. See Head. Sithen of Jones baptiiyng. And how hira hevcded Heroude the kyng. Cuygor Mundi, MS. Coll. Trin. Cantab, f. 2. HEVEL. Fine twine. Somerset. IlEVELLE. Evil. Chron. Vilodun. p. 91. IIEVEN-QUENE. The queen of Heaven ; the Virgin Man'. {A.-S.) HEVENRICIIE. The kingdom of heaven. As he whlche is his ncxte liche. And forthcst fro the hevcnriche. dower, MS. Soc. Antiq. 1J4, f. 82. HEVENTNG. But God, that forjeteth nothyng, He sente tharfore grete hevenyng, MS. Harl. 1701, f. C.^. HEVESONG. Evening song. Chron. Vil.p. 40. HEVIED. Become heavy. This occurs in MS. Coft. Vesp. 1). vii. Ps. 37. IllCVVS. Hives. See Lydgate, p. 154. HEWE. (1) Colour; appearance. {A.-S.) For pcnaunce chaunged wa^ hys hew. MS. narl. 1701, (.»j (2) A husbandman ; workman. {A.-S.) (3) In cookery, to cut or mince. (4) To kiH)ck one ankle against the other. North. (.')) "I liewe in a dcrc as tliey do that set the wyn(llesse,_;>/i«e," Palsgrave. " Go hcwe the (lire whyle I sekc inc a staudyngc." ib. (6 A corn, or bunnion. Somerset. IIKWEI). Coloured. Chaucer. lll'.WEK. A coal-worker, /.anc. IIEWFUN. Heaven. Nominale MS. HEY 448 HID HEWING. A method of cutting wheat willi one hand. Devon. HE-WITCH. A wizard. Lane. HEWKES. Herakls' ( oats. Percy. HEWSON. (1) The leather which is placed on the top of a horse's collar. Beds. (2) A term of reproach, applied to a bhnd in- considerate person. North. HEWSTRING. Short-ljrcathcd. Exmoor. HEWT. High; haughty. "Such hewt ex- ploits," MS. Ashmole 208. HEWYLL. Evil. Nominale MS. HEWYRYN. An iron chisel, held in a twisted hazle-rod, and used in cutting portions from bars of iron. HEXT. Highest. (A.-S.) The erchebjschop of Canturberi, In Engelonde that is hext. MS. Cull. Ti-in. Oson. 5". HEY. (1) High. Lytlgate. (2) To make haste. Yorksh. Also, to sport, play or gambol ; to kick about. (3) A term of exaltation. To play hey, to be in a very great passion, (4) Yes. Also, to have. North. HEY-BA. A great noise. Yorksh. HEYEN. Eves. See Weber, ii. 33. HEYERE. To hear. It occurs in Lydgate. Lo, my sone, now as thou myth Icet/ere Of al thys thyng to my matyere. Cower, MS. Cantab. Ff. i. B, f. 41. HEYET. Height. .\pol. Loll. p. 41. HEYGYNG. Urging. Cliron. Vilodun. p. 104. HEYHOE. The green woodpecker. See Ray's Enghsh Words, ed. 1674, p. 84. HEYHOVE. The p]ant edera terrestris. See a list in MS. Sloaue .5, f. 5. HEYING. Haste. TTcber. (A.-S.) HEYLAM' . A halloo. Cotgrare. HEYLDE. Aileth. Lydgate, Rawlinson. MS. Ilei/lyghf, Coventn Mvst. p. 139. HEYLE. To hide, or conceal. {A.-S.) Yf y have ony thyng myswroght, Say hyt now, and heiili: hyt noght, Ms. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 33. HEYLUNSY'. A headlong fall. Beds. HEYLY. Highly; honourably. (A.-S.) In hire wrytyngeand in here boltis ooldc Of apostelis most Ac.W.v magnified. Lydgate, MS. Soc. Antiq. 1»1, f. 21 HEYMAN. A nobleman. {A.-S.) HEYMENT. A boundary, or fence. Salop. More properly haynent. HEY-MUSE. The name of the roebuck in his third year. More commonly He-muse, q. v. HEYN. Eyes. Wright's Seven Sages, p. 13. HEYNDLY. Courteously. {A.-S.) Herkynesme hej/ndly, and holdys jow stylle. And I salle telle jow a t.ile that trewe es and nobylle. Millie .tithui-e, MS. Lincoln, f. 53. IlEYNE. (I) Hence. North. Hye us hastylye hes/ne or we mone fulle happene. Mmte ^rtliure, MS. Lincoln, f. 7n. (2) A miser ; a worthless person. (3) To raise, or exalt. Pr. Parv. HEYN30US. Heinous; disgracefuL Hethely in my halle, wyth heyn-youg wordes. In speche disspyszede me and sparede me lyttiile. Moite Arthure, MS. Lincoln, f. 66. HEY-PASSE. A term used by jugglers. See Kind-Harts Dreame, 1592. HEYRES. Young timber trees. East. HEYSE. (1) Same as Barton, q. v. (2) Ease. Ritson's Anc. Songs, i. G9. HEYVE-KEYVE. Tottering. Yorish. HEYVOL. See Ayfull. This word is wronglv spelt in Rob. Glouc. pp. 194, 377. nEY3. Hay. Psalms, RawUnsou MS. HEZ. Hath. Line. Gil gives this word in his Logon. AngUc. 4to. Lond. 1619. HEZZLE. Loose ; sandv. Yorksh. HE5ER. Higher. See Robson, p. 58. HE5TIST. Promisest. (A.-S.) Adam, quoth the kyng, blessed thou be ! Here is bettur then thou he^tist me. MS. Cantab. Ff. V. 48, f. 49. HI. They. See the Forme of Cuit, p. 99. Costroye there was, the amiral, With vitaile great plentd. And the standard of the sowdon royal. Toward Manlrible ridden Ai. Sir Ferumbraa, ap. Ellis, ii. 394. HIBBY. A colt. Devon. HICE. To hoist up anvthing. Palsgrare. HICHCOCK. To hiccough. Florio, p. 501. Also, a term of contempt. HICK. To hop, or spring. Var. dial. HICKERY. Ill-natured. North. HICKET. The hiccough in horses. SeeTopsell's Beasts, p. 435. HICKEY. Tipsy. Grose. HICKINGLY. A term applied by TopseU, p. 377, to a hacking cough. HICKLE. To manage, or make shift. East. HICKLEBARNEY. ^HeU. Northvmb. HICKLEPY-PICKLEBY. Inconfnsion. Higledy pegtedy, higledepigle, — Florio, pp. 20, 96. I'ar. Dial. HICKOL. A woodpecker. West. HICK-SCORNER. There was an interlude un- der tliis title printed by Wynken de Worde. Hick-Scorner is represented as a libertine who scoffs at religion, and the term appears to have been applied to any one who did so, and to the vice in a play. " The vice or hicscomer," Stanihurst, Desc. Ireland, p. 14. HICK'S-MARE. Higins, Nomenclator, 1585, p. 298, mentions "a kind of gamball called tlie haltering of Hix Mare." HICKUP-SNICKUP. The hiccough. North. HICKWAY. A woodpecker. " A hicway, oi woodpecker, vireo," Withals, ed. 1608, p. 21. Hickwall, Florio, p. 203. Highawe, Cotgrave. in V. Bequeho, Epeiche, k'piche. " Hvgh-whele, pieus," MS. Arundel 249, f. 90. HICTIUS-DOCTIUS. A canting phrase among jugglers, said to be corrupted from hie est inter doctos. See Blount, in v. HIDE. (I) To beat, or flog. Var. dial. ^2) Hide and find, a common game amongst chddren, consisting in one of them hiding, and the remainder searching him out. More IIIG 449 IIIL usually now called Hide and Seek, as in Cotton's Works, 1734, p. 80. The game is called Hklij-liHck in Dorset. (3) A field. Kvng Alisaunder, -158. HIDE-BOUND. Stingy. Var. dial. HIDE-FOX. A game mentioned in Hamlet, iv. 2, supposed to lie tlie same as Hidf and Seek. It was, perhaps, the same as the game of Fox- mentioned by Cotgrave, in v. Lami- baudichon, " a word used among lioyes in a play (much like our Fox), wherein he to whom tis used must nmne, and the rest indevor to catch him." HIDEL. A hiding-place ; an amhush. It oc- curs in MS. Cott. Vespas. D. vii. Ami whenne the prj-ncez that slewe Darius wiste that Alexantlff was comene into the cilL'e, thay went and ht-ide thame in bUtilx ay tille thay myjte geteknaweynge of .Mexander will. Li/e of .4leiajiilcr, J.inmin MS. (. 20. HIDERWARD. Hitherto. Ileanie. HIDE-THE-IIORSE. A gambling game men- tioned in the Times, June 6th, 1843. HIDE-WINK. To blind ; to hoodwink. Holly- band's Dictionarie, 1593. HIDLANDS. Secretly. North. In some counties we hear hidlook, and hidnes occurs in Langtoft, p. 77, explained secret places. HIDOUS. Dreadful; hideous. (A.-N.) Y wyst myself hydus and blak. And nothyng hath so moche lak. MS. Hurl. 1701, f. II.1. HIDUn. Hither. Hiiiur theicome be moue-li;t, Eele therof wcUe apiijt, And sehewe no curtasye. SIS. Canlab. Ff. v. 48, f. M, HIE. Haste ; diligence. (.-I.-S.) In hie, on /lie, in haste. Spelt hiei/he in Wickliffe. Ilir/he, Beves of Hamtoun, p. 107. The verb is still in use in the North of England. And callyd the portar, gadlyng, be gone. And bad hym come fastc and h!/e hytn soon. MS. Otntiib. VI. li. 38, f. 240. HIERDESSE. A shepherdess. (.J.-S.) HIERE. Higher. (.-I.-S.) HIESSEN. To forbode evil. Dorset. HIG. A passion ; a sudden and violent commo- tion of any kind. North. HIGGLE. To effect anything slowly and perti- naciously. Ea.st. HIGGLER. A huckster. North. HIGH-DAYS. Great feasts. Var. dial. "High days and holidays." HIGJl-DE-LOWS. Merry-makings. Devon. HKillENESSE. The top. Balier. HKIll-lN'-TIlE-lNSTKl'. Proud. IVes/. HIGU-JINKS. An aljsnrd mode of drinking, by throwing the dice in order to determine who shall empty the cup. Sec further in (iuy Mannering, ed. 18'29, ii. 83. He it at his hii/h jinks, he is out larking. HIGH-KICKED. Conceited. Var. dial. HI(;iI-I,()NE. See .4.Ilia2. HIGH-TIME. Quite time. lar. dial. Seethe Leicester Letters, p. 386. The kyng his stede he can stride, And tokc his leve for to ride ; Hym thojt it wasAj/e tj/tne. MS. Cantab. Ff. v. 48, f. .'il . HIGHTY. (1) Pleasant ; cheerful. West. (2) A child's name for a horse. North. IIIGRE. Tlie name for the riolent and tu- multuous influx of the tide into the mouth of the Severn, and for similar effects in otlier rivers. Nares. Drayton inentions it in his Polyolbion. See Acker, and Eager. IIII. 'They. (//.-5.) Also, high. HIKE. To swing ; to put in motion ; to toss ; to throw ; to strike ; to hoist ; to go away ; to hurry. Var. dial. Toads killed by being jerked from a plank are said to he hiked. IllKEY. A swing. North. HI I. BACK. Extravagance in apparel. It occurs in Tusser. Kennett, MS. Lansd. 1033. HILD. (1) Held. Shak. This form is often used by Warner. It also occurs in Hall. (2) The sediment of beer. East. (3) To lean, or incline. Palsgrave. " Ilildes doune," Reliq. Antiq. i. 54. (4) To skin an aninial. See Pegge, and Gesta Rom. p. 134. " Hglt, Head, skin pulled off," Kennett, MS. I.ansd. 1033. And take ij. shepe-hedys that ben fatte. anil lete hyldehem, and clene hem, and sethc hem til they be tendyr, and than take, 4ic. MS. Med. Rec. IIILDEBRANU. The family name of Pope Gregory VII., who was so abused by the early reformers, that his name becaiue proverbial for violence and mischief. IIILDER. The elder. Norf. This form occiMi in MS. Arundel 220. IIILDING. A low person. A term of re- proach, formerly api)lied to both sexes. Ken- nett explains it " an idle jade." The word is still in use in Devon, pronounced hilderliny, or hinderling. IIILE. (1) To cover over. {.I.-S.) See Dcpos. Ric. II. p. 25 ; Ord. and Reg. p. 471 ; Lang- toft, p. 224; Ywainc and Gawin, 741. Still in use, applied to iilants. Thci hihd hem, I telle hit the, With IcvcH of a flge Ire. Cunor.Miindi,MS. Cull. Trin. Canl-ili. 1. S. When thalre li..rse« were hilled, Thay prikkcdo fast thorow the fcldc, Bathe with ipere ami with «iheMo, MS. Lmeolii A. I. 17. f IW 29 HIN 450 HIR (2) A cock of wheat-sheaves, generally consist- ing of eleven. South. (3) To strike -nith the horns. ITest. (4) To offer; to present. Line. HILING. A covering. It occurs in MS. Cott. Vespas. D. ™. Ps. 35. See Chester Plays, i. 29 ; Florio, p. 122. Now spelt hilling. Left unexplained hv Ritson, iii. 180, coverlets. HILL. To pour out. ll'ills. HILLARIMESSE. Hilar\-tide. (A.-S.) HILLERNE. The elder tree. Pr. Pan. HILLETS. Hillocks. See Harrison's Descrip- tion of England, p. 131. HILL-HOOTER. An owl. Chesh. HILLOCKY. Fidl of liillocks. North. HILT. (1) The handle of a shield. (2) A young sow for breeding. West. HILTS. Cudgels. Jonson. She is loose in the hdts, i. e. frail ; a common phrase. HILWORT. The herb pennjToyal. Gerard. HIM. To believe. Somerset. HIMP. Tohalt; tohmp. Upton's MS. Addi- tions to Junius, in the Bodl. Lib. HIMPE. The succour of a tree. HIMSELF. He is not himself, i. e., he is out of his mind. North. HIMSEN. Himself. Leic. HINCH. Tobemiserlv. Line. HIXCH-PINCH. "Pinse morille, the game called, Hinch pinch, and laugh not," Cotgrave. Compare Miege. HIND. A servant or bailiff in husbandry. North. See Hine. HIND-BERRIES. Raspberries. North. HIND-CALF. A hind of the first year. See HoUnshed, Hist. Scot. p. 66. HINDER. (1) Remote ; yonder, far. dial. (2) To bring damage, or hurt. Palsgrave. (3) To go backwards. So?nerset. HINDER-ENDS. Refuse, applied especially to refuse of corn. North. HINDEREST. The hindmost. (A.-S.) HINDERS. Fragments. Salop. HINDERSOME. Retarding; hindering. HINDGE-B.\ND. The band in which the hinge of a gate is fastened. Hall. HIND. HECK. The back end-board of a cart. North. HIND-HEEL. The herb tansey. North. Ken- nett, MS. Lansd. 1033. " Ambrosia, hinde- hele," MS. Harl. 978. Hyndehale, MS. Sloane 5, f. 2. Culpeper explains it, the wild sage. HINDROUS. Same as Hindersome, q. v. HINE. (1) A servant, serf, rustic, or labourer. {A.-S.) It was sometimes applied to any person in an inferior grade of society. The knyght went on his waye, Whare the ded mene laye, And says oft in his playe, Thir werestoute hyne. US. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 137. His hyne holly and he Trewely trowede thare to the. MS. Ibid. (.233. (2) Hence ; before long. North. Hine of a while, i. e. after a while. (3) Behind; posterior. Somerset. (4) A hert, or hind. Nominale MS. HINEHEAD. Kindred; a distant degree of relationship. Line. HING. To hang. North. This form is very common in early writers. To hing for rain, to look like rain. Hynkyng, hanging. Weber. He bf/nge himselfe upon a stake. ISowei; MS. Soc. Antiq. 134, f. 81. HINGE. Active ; supple ; pUant. Chesh. Off the hinges, i. e. out of health. To hinge up, to entangle, to get in a mess. HINGE RS. The ears. North. HINGIN. A hinge. Suffolk. HINGLAND. England. R.deBrunne. HINGLE. (1) A small hinge. Also, a snare of wire. East. (2) The neck of a bottle. Line. HINNEY-HOW. An exclamation of surprise, accompanied with gladness. HINNY.(l) To neigh. {A.-N.) (2) .\ favourite term of endearment. A corrupted form of honey. HINT. (1) Seized; took. Levy for wrooth a jerde hint. And sraot him on the heed a dint. Citrim Mundi, MS. CM. Trin. Cantab, f. 76. (2) A cause, or subject. Shak. HIP. (1) To hai'e any one on the hip, to have the advantage of him. ** Estre au dessns du vent enconire, to have the wind, advantage, or upper hand of. to have on the hip," Cotgrave. Hip and thigh, completely, entirely. (2) To hop, or skip over. HIP-BRIAR. The wild rose. North. HIPE. To push ; to rip or gore with the horns of cattle. North. Also, to make mouths at, or affront ; to censure. HIPHALT. Lame in the hip. This term occurs in Gower and Lvdgate. HIPPANDE. Limping; hopping. {A.-S.) Som gas wrythande toand fraye. And som gas Itippande als a kae. John de TVageby, p. 8. HIPPANY'. A wrapper for the hips of an infant. East. HIPPED. Melancholv. Var. dial. HIPPETY-IIOPPETY. In a Umping andhob- bhng manner. West. HlPPfSG-HOLD. A loitering place ; a corner for idle gossips. North. HIPPING-STONES. Large stepping-stones in a brook for passengers. Hippinabk, passable bv means of such stones. HIPPLES. Small hay-cocks. North. HIPPOCRAS. A beverage composed of wine, with spices and sugar, strained through a cloth. It is said to have taken its name from Hippocrates' sleeve, the term apothecaries gave to a strainer. HIR. Of them. Gen. pi. of Ac. HIRCHEN. A hedgehog. (^.-.V.) Spelt AtVc/!- oun in Reliq. Antiq. ii. 83. HIRD. Heart. Sir Tristrem. HIT 451 HOA lUUDEMEN. Attendants. {.-I.-S.) IllUDUM-DURDUM. An uproar. North. HIRE. ( 1) To take a farm. East. (2) To borrow, said of money. Suffolk. (3) Their ; her. {A.-S.) (4) To hear. Somerset. And sayde, .\, syster, ]elt me hs/re Wat b»n they that ryden now here. Gouer, 3IS. Cantab. Ft. i. 6, f. 7. (5) .\ host ; an army. (J.-S.) HIREN. Irene, the fair Greek. Peele wrote a play in wliich this character is introduced. It seems to liave been a cant term for a sword. SeeDekker, ap. Hawkins, iii. 173. HIRING. A fair for servants. Xort/i. HIRNE.(l) A corner. (A.-S.) //yrae, Pr. Parv. p. 93. //yrow, Chron. Vil. p. 1 00. The stone that wos reprovyd Of men that were biggand. In the hedeof the hinie Is nowmade liggande. ♦ MS. Cantab. Ft. v. 48, f. DI. (2) To run. Somerset. HIRXES. Irons. Reliq. Antiq. ii. S4. HIRPLE. To limp, or walk lame. Also, to bring forth, or litter. North. IIIRSEL. (1) A flock of sheep, or lambs. Cumb. (2) To move about ; to fidget. North. HIRSELVEN'E. Herself. (A.-S.) HIRST. That part of a ford in the Severn, over wliich the water runs roughly. Also, a bank or stidden rising of the ground. HIRSTE. A branch, or bough. (A.-S.) Than they heldede to hir hestc alle holly at ones The heghesteof ichea AiVrtf, I hette ;ow forsothe. Moyte y/rthure, MS. Lincoln, f. 88. HISK. To draw breath with diffioidty. Also, to speak. North. HISN. His own. I'ar.dial. Chajinan wrote hern, her own, in 1599. HISPANISH. Spanish. {Lat.) KISSEL. Himself, far. dial. HIST. The hearing. Arch. xxx. 409. HISTER. Be off! Line. HISTORIAL. Historical. (A.-N.) Skelton, i. 74, has hintoriottJt. HIT. (1) A good crop. West. Also, to promise well for a good crop. (2) To find. Also, to agree. North. (3) To hit the nail on the head, to take the right course. Mind your hits, embrace four opportunity. To hit on a thimj, iofmil it. A decided hit, any great piece of good luck or clever management. HITCH. (1) An elevation or depression of a stratimi of coal. North. (2) To move ; to change places ; to fidget ; to hop. North. (3) A slight twitching pain. East. To have a hitch in his gait, to be lame. A horse is said to hitch, when he knocks his legs in going. (4) To become entangled. To hitch up, to sus- pend or attach shghtly; to fasten, or tic. JVest. HITCHAPAGY. A Suffolk game. Moor men- tions ilitcht/ Cock llo. Sutlolk Wordi p. 238. HlTCllER. The chape of a buckle. Comw. HITCHING. Any corner or part of a field ploughed up and sowed, and sometimes fenced off, in that year wherein the rest of the field lays fallow. Oxon. HITE. To hite up and down, to run about idly. North. Kennett.MS. Lansd. 1033. HITHE. A small port ; a wharf. {A.-S.) For now is C'ulham hithn 1-com to an ende, An al the contr^ the better, and no man the worse, Lelantti Itinerarium, ix. 201. HITHEN. Hence. R. de Brunne, p. 26. HITHER, llilhrr and yon, here and there. Hithertoward, towards or up to this time or place. East, HITTEN. To hit. {A.-S.) HITTERIL. Pimples on the skin, attended with itching. North. HITTY-MISSY. At random. East. Cotgrave has, " Conjectttralement, conjecturally, bv ghesse, or conjecture, habiiab, hittie-missie.'' HITTYNE. To hit. See Flyne. HITY-TITY. (1) See-saw. Somerset. (2) Haughty ; flighty. Also, an exclamation of surprise. North. HIVE. To urge in vomiting. West. HIVES. Water-blebs on the skin. North. HIVY-SKY'VY. Helter-skelter. Line. IIIWE. Hue ; colour. (^A.-S.) HIZY-PRIZY. A corruption of Nisi Prius. HI5R. Her. Arch. xxx. 409. HI3TLY. Fitly. Gawagne. HO. (1) Who. Kyng Alisaunder, 6218. What art thou, wotnman, that makyst swych cry ? Hfi hath made thy chyid so blody. MS. Harl. 1701, f. 5. (2) Out of alt ho, out of all bounds. There is no ho with him, he is not to be restrained. Ho was formerly an exclamation commanding the cessation of any action, as at tournaments, and hence perhaps these phrases may be de- rived. " Let us ho," i. e. stoj), Towneley Myst. p. 31. See the Erie of Tolous, 153, and further in Hoo. There's neither ban nor ho with him, i. e. he is neither one thing or the other, a North country i)hrase. ScoIIers. as they read much of love, so when they once fi.ll in love, there is no bo with them till they have their love. Cobler vf Canlriburie, 1B(«. But al.as, alas, we have passed all bounds of mo- di'stlc and measure; there is no /loffwitli us. Dent's Pathway, p. 43. Howbeit they would not crle hoa here, but sent in post some of their covcnt to Rome. Stanihumt's l).BCrtption of Ireland, p. 2(>. (3) To long for anything j to be careful and anxious. West. (4) He; she; they. Line. HOAP. Ileliied. Essex. HOAR. Moulily. Shakespeare has also the verb hoar, to become mouldy. " Horie, moul- die or fenoed," liatman uppon Bartholome, 1582. Still in use in Somerset. IIOARH. A heap, or collection. I'ar.dial. HOAK-STONES. Stones of uiemoriiil ; sloiici marking divisionsbctwecncstatesaud parishes. HOB 452 HOB They are still found in several partsof England, and are frequentlymentioned in oldeanuiaries. HOAST. (1) A cough. Also, hoarse. North. (2) The curd for cheese hefore it is taken from the whey. Cumb. IIOASTMEN. An ancient gild or fraternity at Newcastle, dealing in sea-coal. HOAZEU. Hoarse. Kimaor. HOB. (1) The side of a grate, or the space be- tween that and the chimney. Var. dial. (2) The shoe of a sledge. Yorish. (3) A country clown. We have hoball in Roister Bolster, p. 39. It is the short for Robert. (4) An error, or false step. North. (5) To laugh loudly. Somerset. (6) No6 and nob, the act of touching glasses in pledging a health. To hob-nob, to pledge in that way. (7) A two-year old sheep. Comw. HOB. A small piece of wood of a cylindrical form, used by lioys to S(;t uj) on end, to put half-pence on to chuck or pitch at with another half-penny, or piece made ou purpose, iii or- der to strike down the hob, and by that nie^ns throw down the half-pence ; and all that lie with their heads upwards are the pitcher's, and the rest, or women, are laid on again to be pitched at. HOBBETY-HOY. A lad between boyhood and manhood, " neither a man nor a boy," as the jingling rhyme has it. Tusser says the third age of seven years is to be kept " under Sir Hobbard de Hoy." The phrase is very vari- ously spelt. Hobledehoy, Palsgrave's Acolas- tus, 1540. Cliildren give this uame to a large unmanageable top. HOBBIL. An idiot. North. HOBBINS. Rank grass, thistle, &c. left in a pasture bv cattle. North. HOBBLE. (1) A place for hogs. East. (2) To tie the hind feet of a horse to prevent him straying. North. (3) To trammel for larks. Palsgrave. HOBBLE-BOBBLE. Confusion. Suffolk. HOBBLE-DE-POISE. Evenly balanced. Hence, wavering in mind. East. HOBBLEDYGEE. With a limping movement. HOBBLERS. Men employed in towing vessels by a rope on the land. West. HOBBLES. (1) Rough stones. East. (2) A wooden instrument to confine a horse's legs while he is undergoing an operation. HOBBLY'. Rough ; uneven. Var. dial. HOBBY. (1) A small horse ; a poney. The hobby came originally from Ireland. See Harrison's England, p. 220 ; Stanihurst, p. 20 ; HoUnshed, Chron. Ireland, p. 83. Hobby- headed, shag-headed hke a hobby. (2) Sir Posthumous Hobby, one very fantastical in his dress ; a great fop. (3) A goose. Durfiain. (4) A very small kind of hawk. See Dorastus and Fawnia, p. 34 ; hobe, MS. Addit. 11579 ; Harrison, p. 227 ; Cotgrave, in v. Hobreau, Obeseau. Still in use. As the Reverend Dr. Wren, Deana of Windesore, was travelling in his coach over Marleborough downes, a linnet or finch was eagerly pursued by a habi/ or sparrow-hawlie, and tooke sanctuary iu the coach. Aubrey's Wilts, MS. Royal Soc. p. 160. HOBBY-HORSE. (1) The dragon-fly. Cumb. (2) An important personage in the morris dance, obsolete for two centuries, although the dance is still practised. The hobby-horse consisted of a light frame of wicker-work, fastened to the body of the person who performed the character, whose legs were concealed by a housing, which, with a false head and neck, gave the appearance of a horse. Thus equip- ped, he performedallsortsof antics, imitating the movements of a horse, and executing juggling tricks of various kinds. A ladle was sometimes suspended from the horse's mouth for the purpose of collecting money from the spectators. To play the hobby-horse, i. e. to romp. In the following passage, the may-pole is supposed to be speaking : — The hobby-horse doth hither prance. Maid Marrian and the Morris dance. My summons fetcheth far and near .\II that can swagger, swil, and swear. All that can dance, and drab, and drink. They run to roe as to a sink. MS. Hart. U-21. HOBBY-HORSE-DANCE. " Bromley Pagets was remarkable for a very singular sport on New Year's Day and Twclliii Day, called the Hobby Horse Dance : a person rode upon the image of a horse, with a bow and arrow in his hands, with which he made a snapping noise, keeping time with the music, whilst six others danced the hay and other countiT dances, with as many rein-deer'sheads on their shoulders. To this hobby-horse be- longed a ])ot, which the reeves of the town kept and filled with cakes and ale, towards which the spectators contributed a penny, and with the remainder maintained their poor, and repaired the church," Mirror, xix. 228. HOBBY-LANTHORN. An iguis-fatuus. Also termed a Hob-lantern, far. dial. HOBCLUNCH. A rude clown. See 2 Promos and Cassandra, iii. 2. HOB-COLLINGWOOD. A name given to the four of hearts at whist. North. HOBELEN. To skip over. (.i.-S.) HOBELER. A light horseman; one who rode on a hobby. Formerly, some tenants were bound to maintain hobbies for their use in case of their services being required for the defence of their country in an invasion, and were called hobelers. Hobetlars, HoUnshed, Chron. Ireland, p. 69. See also Octovian, 1598, "hobelers and squyers." HOBERD. A simpleton ; a fool, or idiot. HOBGOBBIN. An idiot. North. HOBGOBLIN. A ghost, or fiend. Sometimes termed a Hobhoulard. HOB-HALD. A foohsh clown. North. HOBKNOLLING. Spuugingouthegood-nattire of one's friends. North. HOB-LAMB. A pet-lamb. South* HOC 4:)3 HOF HOBLER-HOLE. The hinder-hole at a boy's game, alluded to in Clarke's Phraseologia Puerilis, 165r>, p. 255. HOBLERS. Sentinels who kept watili at liea- eons ill the Isle of Wight, ami ran to the Governor when they had any intelligence to communicate. MS. Lansd. 10.'53. HOBLESHOF. A great confusion. HOB-MAN-BLIND. See H(j(mI man-Blind. HOB-NAIL. A rude clown. Car. dial. HOBOy. A hautboy. Beaumont. HOB-PRICK. A wooden peg driven into the heels of shoes. North. HOB-SHACKLED. Having the hands or feet fastened. Lane. HOBSON'S-CHOICE. That or none. This saying is said to have taken its rise from Hobson, a earner and livery-man at Cam- bridge, who never permitted his customers to choose their horses, hut compelled them to take them in succession. Hobson died on January 1st, !63I, and was for many years the carrier of letters between London and Cambridge. Many memorials of liim are pre- served at the last-named town. HOB-THRUSH. A goblin, or spirit, generally coupled with Robin Goodfellow. See Cotgrave, in v. Loup-garou; Tarlton, p. 55. The millepesis called the Hob-thrnsh-Iouse. If lie be no hob.thruah nor no Robin GoodR-Uow, I coulil linae%vitli all myheart to sipupasillybub with him. Ttvo Lancashire Lovers, 1640, p. 222. HOBUB. A hubbub ; a hue and cry. Ilolin- shed, Chron. Ireland, p. 156. Hooboob, I'lorio, p. 51. Still in common use. HOBYING. Riding on a hobby. Lydgate. HOC. The holyhock. {A.-S.) Hocks, Cot- grave, in v. Rose. HOCCAMORE. Old hock. Butler. HOCHE. A coffer, or chest. Pr. Parv. HOCllEPOT. A mixture of various things shaken together in the same pot. (J.-N.) Now spelt hotch-iiotch. See a pun on the term in the Kcturn from Parlla^sus, p. 202. HOCHON. Each one. Audelay, i). 50. HOCK. An old game at cards, borrowed from the Dutch, and mentioned by Taylor. HOCK-CAUT. The harvest-home cart ; the last loadttd waggon. See Herrick, i. 139. HOCKER. To climb upon anything; to scram- ble awkwardly; To do anytliing cbinisily; to stammer, or hesitate ; to loiter. North. HOCKliUHEADEl). Rash. North. HOCKET. A large lump. Gloiic. HOCKETIMOW. An instrument for cutting the sides of ricks, generally formed of a scythe- blade fixed to a pole or staff. U'arw. HOCKEY. Same as Hamkey, q. v. HOCKLE. To hamstring. Skinner. HOCKS. To hack. West. HOCK-TIDE. An annual festival, which began the fiftceatb day after Easter. Moiie;' was formerly collected at this anniversary for the repairs of the chu.'ch, &c. Luneliam has de- scribed the IIox Tuesday play, annually acted at Coventry. HOCUS. To cheat. Hence the more modern term hoa,t. Spirits that have laudanum ji'it into them are said to be liocussed. HOD. (1) To hold; to snatch. North. (2) A heap of potatoes, covered with straw and soil. West. (3) A hood, cap, or helmet. Also, any kind of covering. {.-I.-S.) (4) The crick in the neck. North. (5) A hole under the hank of a rock, a retreat for fish. Yorksh. See Holinshed, Descr. of Scotland, p. 15. (6) A chimnev-hob. MS. Lansd. 1033. HODDEN-YOWS. Ewes intended to be kept over the year. North. HODDER. A thin vapour. Yorksh. HODDING-SPADE. Asort of spade principally used in the fens, so shaped as to take up a considerable portion of earth entire. East. HODDON. Had. Heame. IIODDY. Well ; in good spirits. East. IIODDY-DODDY. (I) A term of contempt, a weak fooUsh fellow. See Kemp's Nine Dales Wonder, p. 21. Hoddtj-peke is used in a similar sense. See Hawkins, i 205. Skelton has hoddi/poute. Florio, p. 98, has hoddydod, a snail-sliell, but I cannot trace any positive evidence of a connexion between the two words. " Hoddymandoddy, a simpleton," Coriiw. Gloss, p. 95. (2) A revolving light. Devon. HODENING. A custom formerly prevalent i!i Kent on Christmas Eve, when a horse's head was carried in procession. This is now dis- continued, but the singing of carols at that season is still called hodening. HODER-MODER. Hugger-mugger. Skelton. HODGE. To ride gently. North. HODGEPOCHEll. A goblin. " A hobgoblin, a Robin Goodfellow, a liodgepochcr," Florio, p. 190. Hodge poker, ibid. p. 191. IIODIT. Hooded. Lydyale. HODMAN. A nickname for a canon of Christ Church, Oxford. HODMANDOD. (1) A snail-shell. South. Some- times, the snail itself. So tliey liolstcil her down just as safe and as well, And as snug as a hinimIS. Bone), p. !W HOG 454 HOI Hertellke til him he wente. And Godrich ther f ulike shente ; For his swerd he hof up heye. And the hand he dide of fleye. That he smot him with so sore; Hwmithehedon him shame more ? Havelok, 2750. HOFEY. A cow. North. Also, a term used in calling cows. HOFF. (1) The hock. Also, to throw anything under the thigh. North. (2) To make fun of; to mock. Line. HOFTE. Head. Skelton, u. 246. HOFUL. Prudent; careful. {A.-S.) HOG. (1) A term for a sheep from six months old till being first shorn. Some say from a lamb ; others, a sheep of a year old. The last meaning is the one intended by early «Titers. (2) Same as Hod, q. v. (3) A sliiUing. An old cant term. According to some, sixpence. (4) To drice hogs, to snore. To bring one's hogs to a fine market, an ironical saying of any one who has been unsuccessful. A hog in armour, a person finely but very awkwardly dressed. (5) To hog a horse's maue, to cut it quite short. (6) To carrj' on the back. North. HOGATTES. " Bidem, a sheepe with two teeth, or rather that is twoyeres old, called in some place hogrelles or hogattes," Elyot, 1559. HOG-COLT. A yearUng colt. Devon. HOGGAN-BAG. A miner's bag, wherein he carries his provisions. Cornw. HOGG ASTER. A boar in its third year. Twici, p. 32 ; Reliq. Antiq. i. 151. The term was also applied to a lamb after its first year. HOGGE. (1) Care ; fear. (A.-S.) Hoggyliche, fearfully, Chron. Vilodun. p. 112. (2) Huge.' Langtoft's Chron. p. 31. HOGGEPOT. "Gees in hoggepot," Forme of Cury, p. 24. Now termed hodge-podge. Hog- poch was used very early in the metaphorical sense, as in Audelay's Poems, p. 29. HOGGERDEMOW. ' An instrument used for cutting hedges with. JVarw. HOGGERS. Same as Cocker.i, q. v. HOGGET. A sheep or colt after it has passed its fir.-t year. Var. dial. HOGGINS. The sand sifted from the grayel before the stones are carted upon the roads. Esse.r. HOGGREL. A voimg sheep. Pilsgrave. HOG-GRUBBING. Very sordid. East. HOGH. A hill. See Hoes. HOG-HAWS. Hips and haws. South. HOGHE. (1) Oweth ; ought. {A.-S.) And dredewylmake a man sloghe To do the servyse that he hoghe. MS.Harl. 1701, f. 34. (2) Hieh. Towneley Mysteries, p. 262. HOGLIN. (1) A boar. Be that lay that y leve ynne. My lytyllespote /jo^'/i/n, Dere boghte thy dethe schalle bee. MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 66. (2) An apple-turnoyer. East. HOGMAN. A kind of loaf. See the Ord. and Regulations, p. 69. . HOGMENA. A name given to December, and to any gift during that month, especially on the last day ; a new-year's-day offering. Hog- mena-night. New-year's eve. See Brockett. HOGMINNY. .\ young girl vervdepraved. Devon. HOG-MUTTON.' A sheep one year old. Lane. HOGO. A bad smell. Var. dial. It meant formerly any strong flavour accompanied with a powerful smell. See Skinner. HOG-OVER-HIGH. Leap-frog. Eatt. HOG-PIGS. Barrow pigs. North. HOG-RUBBER. A clownish person. HOG-SEEL. The thick skin on the neck and shoulders of a hog. East. HOGSHEAD. To eouch a hogshead, to lay down to sleep. A cant phrase. HOG'S-HOBBLE. See Hobble (1). HOGS-NORTON. " I think thou wast born at Hoggs-Norton, where piggs play upon the the organs," Howell's Enghsh Proverbs, p. 16. This proverbial phrase was commonly ad- dressed to any clownish fellow, unacquainted with the rules of good society. HOG'S-PUDDIXG. The entrail of a hog, stuffed with pudding, composed of flour, cur- rants, and spice. South. HOG-TATURS. Bad potatoes of a blue colour, only fit for hogs. Beds. HOGWEED. Knot-grass. Notf. HOG-WOOL . The first fleece in shearing lambs. East. It is omitted by Forby. HOGY. Fearful. See tundale, p. 15. HOH. High. {A..S.) Hwan Havelok herde that she radde, Sone it was day, sone he him cladde. And soue to the kirke yede. Or he dideani other dede. And bifor the rode bigan falle, Croiz and Crist bi[gan] to kalle, And seyde, Loverd, thatal weldes, Wind and water, wodes and feldes. For the hob milce of you, Havemerci of me, Loverd, now ! Havelok, 1361. HOI. A word used in driving hogs. HOICE. To hoist. Colher's Old Ballads, p. 77. Hoising, Harrison, p. 129. HOIDEN. The name of some anima. remark, able for the rivacity of its motions, conjectured by Gilford to be a leveret. It was formerly applied to the youth of both sexes. HOIL. To expel'. Sheffield. HOILE. Whole; sound. (A.-S.) Wyth multitude hys fader was constrayned, Mawgre hys myghle, into a toure to fle; Hys sone unkjTide hath ofhym disdeyned. And yette, for alle hys straunge adversyti. Of his corage the magnanimity Yn hys persone stode htjile, lyst not vary, Thoughe fortune wastohyra contrarie. Lydgate's Bochas, Rawlin»m MSS. HOILS. The beards of barley. Dorset. This seems to be the same as holiz in an early gloss in Reliq. Antiq. ii. 84. HOINE. To harass, worry, or oppress. Also, to whine. Line. HOIST. Voice. Also, a cough. East. HOL 455 HOL HOISTER. To support. Essex. HOISTING-THE-GLOVE. A Devonshire cus- tom of carr\ing a hand with tiie first two fingers erect, and surrounded hy flowers. This was formerly practised at Lammas fair. HOIT. (1) A newt. Bucks. (2) An awliward boy ; an ill-tauglit child. North. (3) To indulge in riotous and noisy mirth. Webster. (4) A large rod, or stick. Lane. HOIT-A-POIT. Assuming airs unsuitable to age or station. East. HOITY-TOITY. See Ility-tity. HOK. An oak-tree. See a very early list in MS. Sloane 5, f. 5. HOKE. (1) A hood. Nominale MS. (2) To gore with the horns. West. (3) A nook, or corner. Kemiett. (4) To romp, or play; to gambol. Somerset. HOKER. (1) Frowardness. (J.-S.) Hoierlic/i, Wright's Pol. Songs, p. 204. (2) A shoi)lifter. See Dekker's Lanthorne and Candle-hght, 1620, sig. B. iii. " A cunning filcher, a craftie hooker," Florio, p. 167. See Harrison's England, p. 183. " Hooking and stealing," Florio, p. 217. HOKET. (I) Scorn; contempt. (J.-S.) (2) A plaything. {J.-N.) HOKY-POKY'. Hocus-pocus. Xort/i. HOL. Whole ; sound. liitsou. HOLARD. A ribald, or hariot. Ho!ers, Rob. Glouc. Chron. p. 26. In Clifton'.s translation ofVegecius, holoures are mentioned as unfit to be chosen knights. MS. Douce 291, f. 10. HOLBEARDES. Halherts. Unton, p. I. HOLD. (1) A fortress. (.^.-5.) (2) To cry liold .' an authoritative way of sepa- rating combatants, according to the old mili- tary laws at tournaments, ic. (3) Hold thee, i. e. take the letter, &c. See Ben Jonson, ed. Gifl'ord, iv. 34 7. (4) A (hspute, or argument. East. (5) Trust ; faithfulness. Tliere is no hold in him, i. e. he is false and trcacheroiis. (6) To take care ; to beware. (7) A stag was said to take his hold, when he went into cover. See the Gent. Rec. (8) To hold one's own, to persist in the same con- duct. To hold one lack, to kec)! close to the point. To //oW /or ^00//, to approve. To hold household, to live thriftily. To tiold one in hand, to persuade him, to amuse in order to deceive. To hold onevith a tale, to k(:ep iiim dawdling with trifling conversation. Uold belly liold, glutted, satiated. Kot fit to hold the candle to, very inferior to. To hold trith, to agree in opinion. To be in hold, to be grappling with one another. (if) To bet a wager. To hold a penny, to bet a trifle. Shak. (10) To put a price on a thing. " What hold you this hook at .'" Also, to agree to a bargain. HOLDE. (1) Old. Nominale MS. O wy ne where y jyt a mayde, For 80the?< fu,tj2, has honeycomb in the latter sense. HONEY-CRACH. A small plum, very sweet, mentioned by Fiirby, in v. HONEY-LINGUED.' Honey-tongued. (/-a/.l HONEY-POTS. A boy's game. They roll themselves up, and are then pietendcd to be carried to market by others as honey, the amusement consisting in the difficulty of con- tinuing in the required position. HONEYSTALKS. Clover flowers, which con- tain a sweet juice. It is common for cattle to overcharge themselves with clover, and die. Nares. IIONEYSUCK. The woodbine. West. HONEYSUCKLE. According to Culpepper, the white honeysuckle and red honeysuckle were names of the white and red sorts of meadow trefoil. In the West of England, the red clover is still called honeysuckle. See also Gerard's Herball, ed. Johnson, p. 1187. The yellow-rattle is likewise so called. HONGE. To hang. Lijdgate. Incvylletyrae thou dedyst hym wrongc: He ys myn eme ; y schalle the hojige. MS. QiMab. Ff. ii 38, f. 151. HONGET. Hanged. (A.-S.) Sum of theim was bonde sore. And afturwarde honget thcrfore. MS. Canlab. Ff. v. 48. f. 48. HONICOMB. A flaw or defect in a piece of ordn.ince, or small cannon. IIONISHED. Starved with hunger and cold. Lane. Hence, lean and miserable. HONKOUTH. Strange ; foreign. " An hon- kouth londe," Rembrun, p. 431. HONORANCE. Honour. {A.-N.) In AoHorarjceof Jhesu Cryst, Sitteth stiUcand haveth lyst. MS. .-Iddit. 10038, f. 62. Ill the himnrnnce of swete Jhesu, That is Loverd ful of vertu, Anepartie i-ehuUeeou rede. Of is lllf and of is childhede. MS. Ijiui. 108, Ml. HONORIFICABILITUDINIT.VTIBUS. This word is presumed to be the longest in existence. It frce|ucntlv occiu-s in old plays. HONOUR. Obeisance. Fletclier. HONOUR-BRIGHT. A very common piotes- tation of integrity. / ar. dial. HONOURIDE. Adorned. {A.-S) Ilonmtr- metiti/s, ornaments, Tnndale, p. 59. nONT.'il) A huntsman. {A.-S.) (2) llaiinl. Kyng AUsiUinder, 6531. HONTEYE. Dishonour; infamy. {A.-N.) HONTLE. A handful. North. HONY-SWETE. Sweet as honey. {A.-S.) HOO. (I) Halt; stop. See I/o (2). I see fuIlc ffwe that sauniplc lere, Who halhoso inoche that can scy hno. .l/.S. Canlab. Ff- li. 38, f. X. When thou art taghte that thou schuldctt /ivu Of sweryng. hut when hyt were nede. Thou scoriiest tliem that seyn the soo. Thou takcst to myn heestys non hcdc. MS. Ibid. f. 17. (2) A cry in hunting. Now i!t tlu- fox drcvln to hole, hoc to hyni, boo, hoc ! Fur and he crepe out he wlllc yow alio unilo. tlreei-pta Wttvrioa, p. 27!*, HOOD. (1) Wood. Someriet. 29* HOO 458 HOP (2) The same as Coffin, q. v. HOOD-END. The hob of a grate. Ynrksh. HOODERS. The two sheaves at the top of a shock to throw otf the rain. Also called hood-sheaves, and hoods. North. HOODKIN. A leather bottle formerly used by phvsicians for certain medicines. HOODMAN-BLIND. BUnd-man's buff. See Florio, pp. 26, 301 , 480; Nomenclator, p. 298 ; Cotgrave, in v. Capifou, Clint-mucette, Savale; Cooper, 1559, in v. Mya. It is called Hob man blind in the two .\ngrie Women of Abington, p. 113, and Hoodivink by Drayton. " The hoodwinke play, or hoodmanlilinde, in some places called the blindmanbuf," Baret's Alvearie, 1580, H. 597. HOODMOLD. A moulding projecting over a door or window. Yorksh. HOOFE. To hove, hover, or stand off. {A.-S.) And kastedowne a stone, and stonye manye knyjtes, Whyle we shalle hmfe, and byholde, and no stroke smyte. MS. Cotl. Caliir. A. li. f. 118. HOOIND. Much fatigued. Yorish. HOOK. An instrument of a curved form with which some sorts of corn are cut. The differ- ence between a hook and a sickle is that a hook is broad with a sharp edge, whilst a sickle has a narrow lilade with a serrated edge. By hook or by crook, by one means or another ; a very common phrase. It occurs in Du Bartas, p. 404 ; Florio, p. 72. Hook is a common term of reproach in early writers. HOOK-BACKED. Hnmp.backed ; crooked. HOOKER. Same as Hoker, q. v. HOOK-FISHES. Those kind of fishes that are caught by hooks. Line. HOOK-SEAMS. Panniers. North. HOOLE. Wholly. Nominale MS. That arte to God so acceptable and dere. That hoole his grace is upon the falle. Lydgale, MS. Soc. Antiq. 134, f. 2. HOOLY. Tenderly ; gently. North. HOOM. An oven. Yorksh. HOOP. (1) A bull-finch. Somin-set. (2) A quart pot, so called because it was formerly bound with hoops, Uke a barrel. There were generally three hoops on the quart-pot, and if three men were drinking, each would take his hoop, or third portion. The term is still in use, and explained as a measure consisting of four pecks ; some say, one peck. " Half a hoop of corn," TuUie's Siege of Carlisle, p. 22. According to Kennett, MS. Lansd. 1033, the hoop contained two pecks ; but in his Glossary, p. 147, he says only one peck. (3) Hoop and Hide, an in-door game. Daniel's Merrie England, i. 5. (4) To boast, or brag. Line. HOOPER. A wild swan. Kennett. HOOR. A whore. North. It occurs in the Towneley Mvsteries, p. 148. HOOROO. A hubbub. Wane. " Hoo-roo, the devil's to do," a proverb. HOORS. Hoarse. {A.-S.) Hoos occurs in the Prompt. Parv. p. 248. Hoozy, Cornwall Gloss. p. 95, and used also in Devon. HOOSING. The husk of a nut. North. HOOSIVER. However. Yorksh. HOOT. Hotly; eagerly. {A.-S.) He armyd hym as hoot. And mannyd hys boot. MS Cantab. Ff. ii. M, (. lli;. HOOTCH. To crouch. Here/. IIOOVING. Hoeing. Wore. HOOZE. A ditBcult breathing, or half cough, peculiar to cattle. North. See the Pr. Parv. and Hoors. HOP. (1) A dance, f'ar. dial. Also a verb, as in the following example. But yf that he unto your grace atteyne. And at a revell for to se yow hoppe. MS. Fairfaj 1(1. (2) To hop the twig, to escape one's creditors. Also, to die. The latter is more common. (3) Wood fit for hop-poles. Kent. (4) To jog, or jolt. Howell. HOP-ABOUTS. Apple-dumphngs. West. HOP-ACRE. About half an acre, or that space of ground which is occupied by a thousand plants. Heref. HOP-CREASE. The game of hop-scotch. HOP-DOG. An instrument used to draw hop- poles out of the ground. Kent. HOPE. (1) Helped. Var. dial. (2) To expect ; to trust ; to think. jUso, expec- tation. (A.-S.) " Some hoped he war the fend of hell," i. e. thought, Sevyn Sages, 2812. The occurrence of the word with the meanings here given has led some modern editors into many strange blunders. (3) A valley. Also, a hill. North. The term occurs in the Morte Arthure, MS. Lincoln, f. 80, *' thorowe hopes." HOPE-RING. A hoop-ring? A gret ring of gould on his lyttell finger on his right hand, like a wedding ringe, a hope-riufje. MS. .-Ishmole 802, f. 56. HOP-HARLOT. See Hap-harlot. HOP-HEADLESS. WTien a king beheaded a person, he was said to make him hop headless, a phrase which occurs in many early writers, and was even applied to decapitation in battle. See Langtoft, p. 179 ; Hall, Edward IV., f. 3. Vaspasiane in the vale the wowardebyholdethe, How the helheo hopped bedles to the grounde. MS. Cott. Oilig. A. ii. f. 114. HOP-HORSES. Ladders for the purpose of horsing hops. See Horse (5). HOPHOULAD. A species of moth which ap- pears in May. Wore. IIOPKIN. A treat to labom-ers after hop- picking. Kent. HOP-O-bOCK. A lame person. Craven. HOPOL.WD. A mUitarv cloak, made of coarse cloth. SeeTest. Vetust., pp. 187, 218. The term was applied to several kinds of loose garments. HOP-0-MY-THUMB. A very diminutive per- son. I'ar. dial. " Hoppe upon my thonibe, fretillon," Palsgrave. HOPPE. Linseed. Prompt. Parv. HOPPEN. A maggot. Somerset. HOPPER. A seed-basket. " A sedelepe or a hopere," MS. Egerton 829. Hopperarsed, IIOR ■!:)9 null applied to a person with large buttocks. Keii- nett savs, " aiiv one whose lameness lies in the hip' is calle'd hopperarsed." Howell has the term hopper-hipped. Lex. Tet. sect. 21. Hopper-cake, a seed-cake witli plums in it, with whicli the farmers treat their servants when seed-time is finished. HOPPER-FREES. When the tenants of the manor of Sheffield ground their corn at the lord's mill, some of them were called hopper- frees, being privileged in consequence of some extraoi-dinary senice which they performed in keeping the weirs upon the river in good repair. Hallamshire Gloss, p. 51. HOPPER.TROUGH. The box in a mill into which the grain is put for grinding. West. HOPPESTERES. Dancers. {A.-S.) HOPPET. (1) To hop. Somerset. (2) A hand-basket. Var. dial. Also, the dish used by miners to measure their ore in. (3) An infant in arms. Yortt/i. HOPPING. (1) The game of prison-bars, in which the jjersons who play hop throughout the game. Berks. (2) A dancing. A country fair or wake, at which dancing is a principal amusement, is so called in the North of England. Men made song and hopinges, Ogain the c'ome of this kinges. Artbow and yfei-Un, p. l.'J2. HOPPING-DEURY. A diminutive lame person. Korth. Forby has hoppimj-giles, a common appellation of any one who limps. HOPPING-MAI). Violently angry. Glouc. HOPPIT. A small field, generally one near a house, of a square form. Essex. HOPPLE. To tie the feet of an animal, to pre- vent it straying. Hence, Cow-hopples. Also, to mana<'le a felon, or prisoner. HOPPLING. Tottering; moving weakly and unsteadily. East. HOPPY. to hop, or caper, llest. This form occurs in Skehon, i. 1 13. HOP-SCOTCH. A common children's game. The object proposed in this game is to eject a stone, slate, or " dump" out of a form linearly marked on the ground in diftcrent directions, by hopping, without to\iching any of the lines. Called llopscore in Yorkshire. HOPSHACKLES. Conjecturerl by Narcs to he some kind of shackles imposed upoii the loser of a race by the judges of the contest. The term is used by Aseham. HOP-TIIUMU. See Hop-o-my-thmnb. A cockney d.inillprat fwiithumb, I'reltye lad /Eneas. Slani/iiurtl'i Virgil, 1583, p. 71. HOP-TO. A grasping fellow, one who jumps at everything. Snjff'olk. HOtJUETON. The gambeson. (.t.-S.) HORCOP. A bastard. PaLirjrave. For, syr, he seyde, hyt weic not feyre A horcop to be yowre heyre. MS. Cnnlnl,. ft. 11. 3a, f. 7a. Then was he an finrcoppi Thou leyitc lothe, niayilyr, be my toppe I MS. Ibid. f. I3«. IIORD. Treasure. {A.-S.) Hit bhalbe thoujt, if that 1 mow. Hit Is wcl kept in hurde. MS. Canlab. Ft. v. 48, I. M HORDAN. Whoredom. Horehame, Reliq. An- tiq. i. 323. Horedam, Ritson. Covetys, hordun, envie and pride, Has spred this werld on lenth and wide. MS. Cott. I'espa^. A. iii. f. II. HORDE. (1) A point, or edge. {A.-S.) (2) A cow great with calf. Devon MS. Gl. HORDE-HOWS. A shed for cattle. Also, a treasure house, or treasury. Ryghte above Rome yale. An hordti-ltowa they have let make. MS. Cunltib. Ff. li. 38, f. 137. HORDEYNE. Appointed. R. Glouc. p. 452. HORDOCK. A plant mentioned in some early 4to. editions of King Lear. HORE. (1) Whoredom; aduhery. Syth the tyme thai C'ryst Jhesu, Thorough hy» grace and vcrtu. Was in this world bore Of a inayd withowt hi>ir, And the world Cryslendom Among mankynd first become, Many adventures halh be wroujt, That after men knoweth noujt. MS. Coll. Coil Canlab. VT. (2) Hoary ; aged ; grey. {A.-S.) To become hoary. Reliq. Antiq. i. 121. Leve we now of kyng Quorc, And speke we of Armyn the hore. MS. Cimriib. Ff. ii. 38, f. 12-'. Thys cmperour waxe olde and bore, And thoght to sett hys sone to lore. MS. Ibid. {. 128. (3) Mercy ; grace ; favour. {.4.-S.) And mckelydic cryedehurre mercy and Imn: Cbrnriicon. yUvdun.}^. 75. HOREHOWSE. A brothel. Prompt. Pant. HORELING. An adulterer. {A.-S.) And wende hi heom that is wiif And hire 'ioi-e;.jurscheso\'er hede harmes to wyrke. Morte Jrllmre, MS. Lincoln, f. 75. HOUS. Houses. Heame. HOUSALL. Domestic. Cotgrave, HOUSE. (1) In a farm-house, the kitchen or ordiuarv sitting-room. Kennett savs, the hall. SeeMS. Lansd. 1033. (2) To put corn in a barn. South. (3) To hide ; to get hid. Yorksh. (4 ) To grow thick, as corn does. East. (5) A deep bing into which block tin is put after smelting. Derbysh. (6) A partition in a chess-board. (7) To put the house out of windows, to cause great disorder. To be at the house top, in a great rage. North. (8) To stir up. Tim Bobbin Gloss. (9) A child's coverlet. Devon. HOV 463 HOW HOUSE-DOVE. A person vrho is constantly at home. IJ'esl. IIOUSELE. The Eucharist. Also, to admi- nister the sacrament. To ben Aoiiselecl, to re- ceive the sacrament. (,^.-S.) Houslyng peo- ple, people who were houseled, or communi- cants, spelt liusseling people in lllount. With holy wordys into bredd he can hym dresse, And there he housglde that lady dcre. MS. Citiitab. Ff. ii. 38. f. 47. Dog calle me a confessour with Criste in his armes ; I wille ixhowaelde in ha.ste, whate haiipe so hplyd.iys. Morte .trfhure, MS. Lirifuhi, f. 98. HOUSELINGS. Tame animals, or rather ani- mals hred up hy hand. North. HOUSELL. Housings. Nicolas. HOUSEN. Houses. Var. dial. To housenee, to stay at home. Houaintj, Harrison's Bri- taine, p. 33 ; Audelay's Poems, p. 33 ; Arrival of King Edward IV. p. 36. HOVSE-OF-OFFICE. Ajakes. See Fletcher's Poems, p. 117 ; Arch. x. 401. HOUSE-PLACE. Sameas Wo!ibhln ; How shall we kill him? says Richard to Rubin ; How shall we kill him? says J.ick o'thclundi How shall we kill him f says every on«. With sticks and stoneft, snys Robin to n(d)bin ; With sticks and stones, says Riehard to Robin ; With sticks and stnnri, says Jack o'th'land; With Btieks and stones, tays everyone. How shall we get him home ? says Robin (o Bobbin ; lluw shall we get him home ? says Richard to Robin ; How shall we get him home * says Jack o' th* land ; • How shall we get him home ? says every one. We'll borrow a cart, says Robin to Bobbin ; We'll borrow a cart, says Richard to Robin; We'll borrow a cart, says Jack o' th' latid ; We'll borrow a cart, says every one. How shall we boil him ? says Robin to Bobbin ; How shall we boil him ? says Richard to Robin ; How sliall we boil him ? says Jack o' th' land ; How shall we boil him ? says every one. In the brewery pan, says Rol)in to Bobbin ; In the brewery pan, says Riehard to Robin ; In the brewery pan, s.iys Jack o' th' land ; In the brewery pan, says every one. IIUNT'S-UP. A tune played on the horn under the windows of sportsmen very early in the morning, to awaken them. Hence the term was applied to any noise of an awakening or alarming nature. " A hunt is up or niusike plaid under ones windowin aiuorning," Florio, p. 3(14. " Resveii, a hunts-up, or moniing song for a new-maried wife the day after the manage," Cotgrave. " Ilunsup, a clamour, a tnrbuh'nt outcry," Craven Gl. One ballad of the huut's-iip commences with the following lines ; — The hunt is up, the hunt is up, And now it is almost day; And he that's a-bt'(l with another man's wife. It's time to get him away. Mr. Black discovered a document in the Rolls-house, from which it appeared that a song of the Hunt's up was known as early as 1536, when information was sent to the coun- cil against one John Ilogon, who, ** with a crowd or a fyddyll," sung a song with some political allusions to that tune. Some of the words are given in the information : The hunt is up, the hunt if up, i:c. The Masters of Arte and Doctoursof Ilyvynyt^ Have br thcr inne he tok, Bothe with neth, and with hok. He took the sturgiun, and the qiial. And the turbut. and lax withal ; He tok the seio. and the hwfl ; He spidde ofte swithe wcl. Havelok, 75.'>. HWIL-GAT. How; in what manner. (.7.-5.) HWOND. A bound. Nominale MS. He saw an hydous hwond dwell WUhiniie that hows that was full fell : Of that bond grette drede he had : Tundale was n^-\cr so adrad. Wen he had ficyn that syght, He by»(>iiht of that angcll bryght That he wold It-tt hyin away steyll, That he coin not in that fowlc hell. Vitiont o/ Tunilal', p. 25- IIWOU. Whereas. Havelok, 1119. HY. (1) Upon Ay, on high. The pcllican and the popynjay. The tomnr and the turtil trw; A hund'rlh thousand upon hi/. The pyttyngale with notls new. M.S.CMntab. ft. v 40. f. i^ll. (2) She ; they. Also as /"c t], v. HYAN. A disease amongst cattle, tnrning their bodies putrid. North. HYDUL-TRE. The elder tree. Ortus Vocab. IIYE. An eve. Wright's Seven Sages, p. 23. HYEE. Quickly. IVeber. IIYEL. The whole ; all. North. IIYELY. Proudly. (^.-S.) " Hyely h^lsez thathulke," MS.Morte Arthure. Also, loudly. " He thanked God hylye," MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 65. See S\t Gawayne. HYEN. A hyena.' Shak. IIYGHINGLI. Hastily; speedily. (./.-S.) )'/i hyqliynqe, Emare, 511. HYIE. High. Degrevant, 840. HYL. Aheap. (.7.-5.) Alle made he hem dun falle. That in his gate yeden and stode, Wei sixteneladdes gode. Als he lep the kok til, He ehof hem alle upon an hyl ; .Astirte til him wilh his rippe. And bigan the fish to kippe. Havelok, BW. HYTJ. Hiiu ; it. It'ills. It occurs in the last sense in early English. HYNDE. Gentle ; courteous. Sehe was bothe curtes and hiynde ; Every man was hur frjnde. .l/.V. fai.lab. Ff. ii. 38. f. 7*. IIY'NNY' PYXNY'. " In my younger days I re- member a peculiar game at marbles called hynny-pymiy, or hyssy-pyssy, played in some parts of Devon and Somerset. I am unable to explain its precise nature, but a hole of some extent was made in an uneven piece of ground, and the game was to shoot the marbles at some object beyond the hole without letting them tumble in it. The game occasionally commenced by a ceremony of no very delicate description, which sutticcd to render the fallen marbles still more ignominious," MS. Gloss. HYNONE. Eyes. Nominale MS. hinene. He toke his leve wuh drero there. With wepyng hj/twne and hert full ctdd. Chrofy. Vilodun. p. 53. HYRNEHARD. The herb ball-weed. HYRON. A corner. See Hirne. And sey hem in an hfjrou there so lorche. And askcde hcin what they dedon tbcr tho. Cliron. Vilodun. p. 100. HYRT. An assembly. (.7-5.) HYRYS. Praise. (.7.-5.) To the and to nlh- thy fcrys. I sthalle yow jylde fulle k-thur hi/ri/f. M.I. Catilah, Ff. ii 38. 1. 138. HYSEIIYKYLLE. An icicle. Pr. Parv. p 259 HYYETH. Highest. Octovian, 1771. HY3E. (1) An eye. MS. Cantab. Ff. i. G, f. 4. 1 serve, I bowe, 1 loke. I loule, Myn Aj>5'' folowclh hire abonle. l„„i;-r, MS. Sue. Antiii. 134, f. 111. (2) High. Nominale MS. Therefore 1 jchall telle the a saw. Who so wold be hjj'^e he schall be law. MS..-t*ftnivle 61. HV3T. (1) Called. (.i.-S.) (2) Promised. See further in ffiyht. My fiidur was a Walsshc kny;t, Dame Isabellc my mtxiur '.jyjr. MS. Omiah. Ff. v. 4U. I. it. IDE 472 IHA [1) Sometimes repeated in conversation, " I Icnow it, I." Instances are frequent in our early dramatists. Tliis vowel was constantly used for ay, yes, and is still found in the pro- rincial dialects in that sense. A curious exam- ple occurs in Romeo and Juliet, ed. 1623, p. 66. ;2) An eye. See Skelton's Works, ii. 98. ^3) It is very common in early English as an augment or prefix to the imperfects aiul participles of verbs, being merely a corruption of A.-S. gf. It has been considered unnecessary to give many examples. Tliey will be found in nearly every English writer previously to the sixteenth century, but perhaps the follow- ing references will be found useful ; — I-bene, been. Torrent of Portugal, p. 99 j i-blent, blinded, Warton, ii. 399 ; i-blesced, blessed, Reliq. Antiq. i. 159 ; i-bult, built, Hartshorne's Met. Tales, p. 108 ; i-cast, cast, \V. Mapes, p. 344 ; i-cnijwe, know, Wright's Anec. Lit. p. 90; ;-core,chosen, St. Brandan.p. 33; i-knut, caught, Reliq. ii. 274 ; i-kcnd, known, ib. i. 42 ; i-last, lasted, Rob. Glouc. p. 509 ; i-lau-t, bereaved, Wright's Anec. l,it. p. 90 ; i-metltd, mixed together, St. Brandan, p. 13 ; i-menfe, designed, contrived, Chester Plays, i. 18, 103 ; i.lened, injured, Wright's Political Songs, p. 149 ; i-pult, put, Rob. Glouc. p. 466 ; i-quytf, avenged, Torrent, p. 89; i-sacred, consecrated, Rob. Glouc. p. 494 ; i-siist. seest, Reliq. Antiq. ii. 277 ; i-slawe, slain, Rob. Glouc. p. 488 ; i-spilt, destroyed, \V. Mapes, p. 343 ; i-srh-e, shrived, confessed, Reliq. Antiq. ii. 276 ; i- sluunge, wounded, ibid. ii. 278 ; i-straw^t, stretched, ibid. ii. 190; i-vicot-c, sworn, Robin Hood, i. 37 ; i-xirruii, Sir Degrevant, 1054 ; i-tiike, taken, Robin Hood, i. 50 ; i-tel, tell, Reliq. Antiq. ii. 85; i-t/ie, prosper, MS. Laud. 108;»-M•eH^gone, Reliq. Antiq. ii. 211 ; i-wmme, won, Wright's Pol. Songs, p. 339 ; i-voned, warred, Rob. Glouc. p. 3 ; i-;iven, given, W. Mapes, p. 342. I-BAKE. Baked. {J.-S.) Of fiss and of fl*?sse, of foules i-hitke. He lette senden in cartes to his fader sake. MS. Budl. 652, f. 10. I-BEO. Been. See St. Brandan, p. 3. I-BOEN. Ready; prepared. (.-J.-S.) I-BOREWE. Born. Sev^n Sages, 826. I-BUYD. Bowed up. See Wright's Middle- Age Treatises on Science, p. 139. IBYE. To abie. See Torrent, p. 52. ICCLES. Icicles. Nor/h. We have also ice- shoggles, ice-shackles, &c. Also, spars in the form of icicles. ICE. To break the ice, to open a business or conversation. Var. dial. ICE-BONE. The edge-bone of beef. ICE-CANDLES. Icicles. Var. dial. ICH. (1) To eke out, or prolong. North. (2) I. Also, each. {J.-S.) ICHET. The itch. Somerset. ICILY. An icicle. Kent. Urry MS. IDEL. In idel, in vain. {.-i.-S.) ■ 1 DELICHE. Vainly ; fruitlessly. {.4.-S.) Thus may ;e sen my besy whel, Tliatgoth not idelu-he aljoule. Oawer, its. Snt: Antiq. \3i, f. Ill I-DELVD. Divided. (J.-S.) Thilke was i-detvd in twoo. MS. Cmtab. Ff . V. 48, f. 97. IDLE. Wandering ; light-headed. An occa- sional use of the word in old plays. Also, sterile, barren. Othello, i. 3. IDLE-BACK. An idle fellow. North. IDLEMEN. Gentlemen Somerset. IDLETON. A lazy person. Somerset. This word is formed similarly to simpleton. The Soliloquy of Ben Bond the Idleton is prmted in the dialect of Zummerzet, 1843, p. 6. ^heold merry monosyUable is quite obliterated, and in its steud, each idleton, and loitering school-boy with a previous d— n, writes B — ng, CoUiii.'' ilisceUanie^ . 1762, p. 27. IDLE-WORMS. Worms bred in the fingers of lazy girls, an ancient notion alluded to by Shakespeare. Romeo and JuUet, i. 4. I-DO. Done. " What heo wolde hit was i-do," Vernon MS. f. 9. IDOLAbi'RE. An idohiter. (^.-A'.) lEN. Eyes. Nominale MS. Of al this ryght nowght y-wis ye reche, Ne newre moo myn inn two ben drie. Chaucer, MS. Cantab. Ff. i. 6, f.51. I-FAKINS. In faith. North. In some coun- ties, i-fags is common. IF-ALLE. Although. (.:/.-.*.) Jf-aUe the knyghte were kene and thro. Those owtlawes wanne the child hym fro. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 102. IFE. The yew tree. Sufolk. I-FET. Fetched. " Forre i-fet and dere i-bowjt is goode for ladvs," MS. Douce 52, f. 13. I-FICCHID. Fixed. {.I.-S.) That after-clap in my mynde so depe I-ficchid is, and iiath suche rote caujte, That alle my joye and miithe is leyde to slepe. Ocileve, MS. .Sue. .Jntiq. 134, f.255. IFTLE. If thou wilt. North. IGH. An eye. Nominale MS. Noo tuDge can telle, noon erthiy li,'h may see. MS. Harl. 3869. IGHT. Owes; possesses? (.4.-S.) Thebeest to slaujte shal go thou. And the lord that hit ight. Curmr Mundi, MS. Coll. Trin. Cantab, f. 42. IGNARO. An ignorant person. {Ital.) This was the auncient keeper of that place. And foster-father of the gyaunt dead ; His name Ignaro did his nature right aread. Spenser'a Faerie Qtteene, I. frii. 31. IGNOJIIOUS. Ignominious. Peele. Shake- speare has ignomi/ several times. IGNORANT. Unknown. Hooper. IGNOTE. Unknown. (Lat.) I-GROTEN. Wept. {J.-S.) Tlie kiiiges douther bigan thrive. And wex the fayrest wman on live; Of all thewes w[a3] she wis, Tliat godeweren and of pris. Tlie mayden Goldeboru was hoten ; For hire was mani a ter i-groten, Havelok, 285. I-HALDE. Held. {J.-S.) ILL 473 IME Id a toun, that Cane is calde, A bridale was tht-re on i-hatde. Cursor Muiidi, MS. CM. TVin. Confab, f. 83. IHIT. Yet. Sharp's Cov. Myst. p. 149. IIS. Ice. Piers Ploughman, p. 476. IK. I; each; eke, also. {.-l.-S.) IKE. Contr. of Isaac. KortA. IKLE. An icicle. Nominale MS. ILCE. Each. Wright's Seven Sages, p. 6. ILD. To jield, or requite. Norlh. ILDE. An island. Langtoft, p. 56. ILDEL. Each deal, or part. Aich. xxx. 409. ILE. An island. And the day was y-sett Of the batell, withowten lett : In a place where they schulde bee, > Yn an iile wythynne the see. Who was gladd but kynge Adelston, Andhys lordyseverychone, That the pylgryme wolde take on hande For to fyght wyth CoUebrandc ? MS Caulab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 212. ILES. Small flat insects found in the livers of sheep. Comw. I-LICHE. Alike ; equally. For thoujo I sumtyme be untrewe, Hir love is ever i.liche ncwe. Cursor Munrii, 3IS. Coll. Trin. Cantab, t. 1. ILK. The same. (J.-S.) Ilka, each, every. Ilkadel, every part, every one. Ilkon, each one, every one. Still in use. My name, he sold, is Joly Robyn ; like man knowes hit welle and fyne. MS. Cantab. Ff. v. 48, f. 48. The emperowre answeryd also tyte, I graunte well that he be quyte : All forgeve y here Tyrrye, My evyll wylle and my malycolye ; I schall delyvyr hym all hys lande. And all the honowre into hys hande : And y wystc where he were, V schulde delyvyr hym lesse and more. Gye answeryd, yf y may. Ye schall hym see thysi//fre day. My frende, he seyde hastclye. Go seke me Erie Tyrrye. US. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 2(j9. ILKE. The wild swan. Drayton. ILKER. Each. {A.-S.) The feste fourti dawes sat. So riche was nevere non so that. The king made (loberd there knith. That was ful strong and ful with. And Willam Wendut, hethis brother. And Huwe Raven, ttiat was that other. And made hem barouns alie thre. And yaf hem lond, and otiier fe. So mikcl, that ilker twi-nt[i] knihtes Havedeof gengc, daycs and nithes. Harelok, 2352, ILL. To slander, or reproach. North. To be ill in onf'a self, to he affected by an internal disease. Ill-unlled, malevolent. Ill-a-hail, bad luck to yoii ! Illaii, a hail fellow. Itl- comlitioHfit, f/t-roiitrivcti, bad-tempered, per- verse, self-willed. ///-coH!'e«i>H/, inconvenient. ftl-farand, had conditiourd, ill-looking. See Thornton Rom. p. 309. Ill-part, ill-relished, disagreeable, /ll-sci. In dilliciUties. ILLE. ii*erfe«ri7Aei7?e, disliked it much. lUe maked, ill treated. (^.-5.) Sho was adrad, for he so thrette. And durstc nouth the spusing lette. But they hire likrite mvithe ilte, Thouthc it w.^s Goddes wilie. Havelok, 1165 ILLFIT. An ale vat. Salop. ILLIFY. To reproach, or ilefame. North. ILL-MAY-DAY. A name given to the 1st of May, 1517, when the London prentices rose up against the foreigners resident in that city, and did great mischief. Stowe says their captain was one John Lincoln, a broker. See also MS. Cott. Vesp. A. xxv. ILL-THING. St. Anthony's fire. Dei'on. ILLUSTRATE. Illustrious. Higgins. Hall has illustre, " the union of the two noble and ilhistre famehes of Laneastre and Yorke.' ILLUSTRE. To bring to light. (A.-N.) ILL-WIND. It is an ill wind which blows no body any good, a common phrase, implying that most events, however untoward to some, are productive of good to others. " That wind blowes ill, where she gaines not something," The Smoaking Age, or the Man in the Mist, 12mo. Lond. 1617, p. 164. I-LOKE. Locked up. (A.-5.) with on worde of the maide spoke. The Holy Goost is in here brest i-lnke. Li/dgate, MS. Ashmiile 3V, f. 28. I-LOME. Often; frequently. (A.-S.) "Over the see caste i-lome," St. Brandan, p. 24. I-LOWE. Lied. H'eder. ILT. A gelt sow. Devon. ILTIIIN. An inflamed sore. Jf'est. IMAGEOUR. A sculptor. Lydgate. IMAGERIE. Painting; scidpture. {A.-N.) IMAGINATIF. Suspicious. (A.-N.) LVIAGINOUS. Imaginative. Chapman. IMBARN. To enclose ; to shut up. IMBASE. To degrade. Harrison, p. 205. Unpittled might he bee, That imbascs his degree. With this indignltlc. MaroccUB Ejtaticue, 1595. IMBECELLED. Embezzled; stolen. He brought from thence abundance of brave armes, which were here reposited ; but in the late warres, much of the armes was imbrcell'tt. Aubresfs tVMa, Royal Soc. MS. p. 240. IMBESIL. To counsel ; to advise. 1M130ST. The same as Embossed, q. v. IMBRAID. To upbraid ; to reproach. Sara the daughter of Raguel, desiring to be de- livered from the irapropcry and imbraiiimg, as it would appear, of a certain default. Benn's Wnrks, 1843, p. 131. IMBREKE. House-leak. Gerard. IMBRERS. Embers. Reliq. Antiq. ii. 84. IMBROCjVDO. In fencing, a thrust over the arm. (Ital.) Florio says, p. 236, " a thnist given over the dagger." See the Troubles of Queen Elizabeth, 1639, sig. D. iv. IMBUSHMENT. An ambush. Latimer. l.MBUTE. Enibued; taught. Hall. IME. (1) Hoar frost. Norlh. (2) The tip of the nose. Somerset. 30* IMP 474 INC I-MELE. Together. (A.-S.) IMEZ. Near. Warw, IMITATE. To tn-, or attempt. East. I.MMANUABLE. 'Listless. Topselt. IM.MARCESSIBLE. Unfading. Hall. IMMOMENT. Unimportant. Shak. IMNER. A gardener. Nominale MS. I-MOULED. Spotted; stained. (J.-S.) And wiih his blode shall wasshe undefouled The gylte of man with rust of synoe i-mouteti. Lt/dgate, MS. Ashmiile 39, f. 2.i. IMP. (1) A shoot of a tree; a cutting; a bud; grass, or pasturage ; a graft. It is frequently used metaphorically for young offspring, children, &c., and is still in use. (2) To add; to eke out. Also, an addition, an insertion. In hawking, to insert a new feather in the place of a broken one. (3) One length of twisted hair in a fishing line. North, (4) To rob a person. Lane. IMPACT. One TOW they made religiously. And wereof onesocietie ; And onely was their impacie The forme of cithers phantasie. PhUlis anil Florn, 1598. IMPALE. To encircle ; to enclose. IMPARLE. To speak ; to debate. (Fr.) IMPARTERS. Persons induced to part with their inoney by artftU pretences. IMPARTI.\L. Used sometimes for partial. IMP.ATIENCE. Anger. Skai. IMPEACHMENT. An binderance. Shai. IMPED. Planted. Cliavcer. IMPER. A person who plants. (A.-S.) IMPERANCE. Command; mastery. {Lat.) Im- perate, commanded, Hardvng, f. 50. IMPERIAL. (1) A kind of cioth. (2) A game at cards, mentioned as haring been played bv Henrv VIII. IMPETRATE. To obtain by entreaty. See Hall, Richard III. f. 22. Impetre, VitEe Patrum, f. 97. {A.-N.) IMPINGANG. An ulcer. Devon. It is also called an impingall. IMPING-NEEDLES. Needles used by falconers in imping hawks. See Imp (2). IMPLEACH. To intertwine. Shak. IMPLUNGED. Plunged in. That so they might get out of the most dangerous gulfe of ignorance, wherin multitudes are implungmi. Dejtt's Parhwaj/, p. 324. IMPLY. To fold trp ; to entangle. Spenser. IMPONE. To interpose. (Lat.) Jocularly, to lav a wager. Hamlet, v. 2. IMPORTABLE. Intolerable ; impossible. For he alone shall tread down the winepress, and take upon his back the great and importafe/e buriteii of your sins all. Becoti'a n'orks, 184.3. p. 53. IMPORTANCE. Importunity. Not peculiar to Shakespeare, as supposed by Nares and Todd. The word is used by Heywood. Important, importunate. [Fr.) IMPORTLESS. Unimportant. Sfiai. IMPORTUNACY. Importunity. Shai. Chaucer has importune. IMPORTURE. A stratagem. Hall. IMPOSE. Imposition; command. S/iai. IMPOSTEROUS. Deceitful ; cheating. Jmpos^ turio7K, Hamblet, p. 155. IMPOTENT. Fierce ; uncontrollable. {Lat.) IMPRESS. A motto, or device. IMPRI.ME. To unharbour the hart. Also the same as Emprime, q. v. IMPRINT. To borrow. (^.-.V.) IMPROPERY. Impropriety. Hall. IMPROVE. To reprove ; to refute. (Lat.) It also means, to prove. Improve, rebuke^ exhort with all longsufTeriiig and doctrine. 2 Tim. iv. 2, as qttoted in Becon'a Work$, 1843, p. 3. IN. (1) Upon; within. {A.-S.) (2) To carry in corn, &c. Var. dial. After that herveste ynnid had hisscheves. 3IS. Bitdl. 221. (3) To be in with a person, to be ou good terms with him. A common phrase. (4) That; if; than. North. INACTIOUS. Anxious. Leic. IN-AND-IN. A gambling game, played by two or three persons with four dice. It was for- merly in fashion at ordinaries. I call to minde 1 heard my twelve-pence say That be hath oft at Christmas beene at play ; At court, at th'innes of court, and everywhere Throughout Ihekingdome, being farre and neere. At Passage and at Mumchance, at In and In, Where swearing hath bin counted for no sinne ; Where Fullam high and low-men bore great sway. With the quicke helpeof a Bard Cater Trey. Tiavels nfTivdve-Pence, 1630, p. 73. Your ordinaries, and your gaming-schooles ; (The game of Mercuriis, the mart of fooles) Doe much rejoyse when his gold doth appeare. Sending him empty with a flea iti's enrc; And when hee's gone, to one another laugh. Making his meanes the subject of their scotfe. And say, its pity he's not bitter t.iught, Hee's a faire gamester, but his luck is nought. In the meanetime, his pockets being scant, Hee findes a lurcher to supply his want. One that ere long, by playing in-and-in. Will carryall his lordship in a skin. TAc Y:mng Gallant's fVlmligig, ]62fc IN-BANK. Inclining grpund. North. INBASSET. An embassy. Cov. Mvst.p. 77. IN-BETWEEN. Between; in a place that is between, far. dial. IM BOWED. Made in bows or loops. INBRED. Native. Somerset. INBROTHERING. Embroidering. Inbrowdyd occurs in Pr. Parv. p. 261. INCAPABLE. Unconscious. SItak. INCARNATION-PO WDER. A kind of powder " for to clere the syjte vere weUe," thus de- scribed in an early MS. of medical receipts XV. Cent. — " Take sow;-moterne, ysope, flowres of sowthernewod, calamynte, berys ot the jeneper tre, of eche leche moche, anti the lekuris of fenelle sede as moche as of alle the erbis, and than make alle these to powdur, and than strew it on metes, or ete it, and it woUe kepe the seyjte, and claryfS' the stomoke from alle humeres ; and aUo it woUe make IND 475 ING the have a good appetite, and it wolle stere the lownges, and kcpe the IjTer in godo stale." INCESTANCY. Incest. Middleton, i. 268. INCH. An island. S/iak. (So.) INCHES. To be at inches with them, i. e. to be very near to them. Devon. INCHESSOUN. Reason ; cause. {A.-N.) For love that w.is theyin bytwene, He made inclmsmtun for to abyde. MS. Ha,!. 2252, f 80. INCH-MEAL. A word similar in formation and sense to piece-meal. Still in use in Warwick- shire. S/iak. IN-CHORN. The inner pocket or pouch of a fishing-net. JJ'arw. INCH-PIN. The sweet-bread of a deer. SeeCot- grave, in v. Boyau. INCIDENTS. Chance, incidental expences. INCISE. To cut in, {Lai.) INCLEPE. To call upon. {A.-S.) Thei in cartis and thei in hors, but we in ttie name of cure Lord God schal inclcpe. its. Tanner 16, f. 51. IXCOLANT. An inhabitant. {Lat.) INCOMBROUS. Cumbersome. (.-/.-iV.) INCOME. Arrival. Also, to arrive. Bot Kayous at the inanne was ktpyd unfayre. Morte Arthure, MS. Linmln, t. 76- I.VCONSTANCE. Inconstancy. (.^.-.V.) INCONTINENT. Suddenly; immediately. Used for incontinently, the adverb. INCONVENIENT. Unsuitable; unbecoming. A frequent sense in old plays. INCONY. Fine; pretty ; sweet; delicate. Aterm of endearment. Love me little, love mc long ; let musick rumble. Whilst I in thy inconr/ lap do tumble. Maili>we'.i Jew of Mttlla, iv. 5. O super-dainty canon, vicar inattiy 1 Make no di'lay. Miles, but away ; And bring the wench and money. A Talc of a Tub, vi. 201. IN-COS. In partnership. Sujtxe.r. INCUEATE. Uncreated, {/.at.) Myn owen sone with me increate Schalle doun be sente to be incarnate. Ludnnte, MS. Sue. Jntiq. 134, f. 1. INCULE. To inctdcate. {Lat.) INCUSS. To strike. State Papers, i. 280. INCUSTUMED. Accustomed. Hall. INCUTE. The same as Incitss, q. v. This doth ini-ute and bt-at into our hearts the fear of God, which expelleth sin. Boon's Works, 1843, p. G3. INDE. Axure-coloured. [A.-N.) Thetother hi'wncxt to fynde Isal blew, men callen j/Ti(/,r. Cursor ifundi, .VS. Coll. Trin. Canlah, f. (13. INDEED-I.A! The exclamation of a whining puritanical person. Shakespeare uses the plirase, the right use of which has not been previously explained. INDEL. In doors. Devon. INDENT. To bargain. From Indenture. INDEU. A large quantity. £VW. INDEX. A list of the chapters to a book; any explanation prefixed to a piece of enter- tainment. INDIFFERENT. Impartial. Shak. INDIGNE. Unworthy. (./.-.V.) INDIGNIFY. To insult, or offend. INDIRLY. Carefully ; zealously. Thau whan sche wiste it itjdirly, My« kopeschulde be the more. Cower, MS. Soc. Aniiq. IW, f. 74. INDISH. Belonging to India. I N D D CTION. A beginning ; an introduction to a poem, or plav. {Lat.) INDULTYF. Indulgence ; luxurj-. {A.-N.) Than of brod cloth a jerde be my lyf. Ale thinketh this isaverry iudultt/f. Ocdeve, MS. Sue. AnIiq. 134, f. 252 INDUMENTS. Endowments. {Lat.) INDURATE. To enure. Arch, xxviii. 148. INDUTE. Clothed ; indued. {Lat.) INDWYNE. To endow. Prompt. Pan. INE. Eyes. Minot's Poems, p. 29. INEAR. The kidney. Nortli. INECHED. Inserted. (^A.-S.) INENNERABLE. Undiscovered; unknown. INFAME. To defame, or slander. INFANGTHEFE. The liberty of trj-ing a thief granted to the owner of an estate for a f)b- bery committetl within it. {A.-S.) INFANT. A child ; a knight. Spoiser. INFANTRY. Children. Jomon. INF.\RING. Lying within. So>ner.iet. INFATIGABLE. Indefatigable. Drayton. INFECTIVE. Contagious. Palsgrave. INFERRE. To bring in ; to cause. {Lat.) INFEST. Annoying; troublesome. IN-FEW. In short ; in a few words. SAak. INFORTUNE. Misfortune. {A.-A'.) INFRACT. Unbroken ; unbreakable. {Lat.) INFUDE. To pour into. Pabyiave. INFUNDID. Confounded. See the list prcfi-\ed to Batman uppon Bartholome, 1582. INFUSE. Same as Insense, q. v. ING. A meadow, generally one Ijing low near a river. Nortk. IN-G A. To go iu. This word occurs in MS. Cott. Vcspas. I), vii. of the thirteenth century. INGAN. An onion. Suffolk. IN-GANGE. The porch of a church. Spenser has ingale, entrance. See also Craven Gloss. INGENE. Genius; wit. {Lat.) INGENIATE. To contrive. Daniel. INGENIOSITY. Wit; contrivance. Opticke Glasse of Humours, p. 92. INGENIOUS. Ingenuous. These terms were often transposed by early writers. INGENNER. To generate. The commentators on Shakespeare have overlooked the occur- rence of the word in this sense in Decker's Knight's Conjuring, 1007. It would have gone far towards the explanation of a difficult passage in (Othello, iL 1. INGENUITY. Ingenuousness. INGENY. Wit. See Brit. Bibl. i. 302 ; Opticke Glasse of Humours, p. 42. According to the nature, iugcni/, and property of Satan, which is a liar, and the father of all lying- a f,.i,'« IVoiki, 1043, p. S77. INGINER. An inventor, or creator. {Lai.) INN 476 INS Our worthy poets, inffiners of wit, Pourtray these knights in colours : what for fit But to be represented on a stage By the shanke buskind actors, who presage A dearth of gentlemen, plenty of knights Fit for the stewes, but farre unfit for fights. Middleton's Time's Metamorphosis, 1608. INGLE. (1) A favourite; a friend; an attend- ant. Perhaps more correctly, a parasite. The word was used sometimes in the bad sense. When the first word that a punke speakes at her ingies comming into her chamber in a morning, 1 pray thee send for some fagots. Vol Graculi, 1623, p. 9. (2) A fire ; a fiame ; a blaze. North. (3) The same as Enghle, q. v. IN-GOING. An entrance. (^.-S.) IN-GOOD-WORTH. WeU intended. INGRAM. Ignorant. I am ne clerke» but an ingram man, of small cideration in suche arogant buke farles. Bullcin's Dialogue, 1573, p. 5. INGROTON. To stuff, or surfeit. Pr. Pan. IN-GROUND. The same as In-lank, q. v. INHABITED. Uninhabited. {Fr.) INHERIT. To possess, or obtain. Shak. INHIATE. To gape. {Lat.) How like gaping wolves do many of them itihmte and gape after wicked mammon. Becon's Worlts, 1843, p. 253. INHIBIT. To proliibit ; to forbid. Inhibiti/ng them upon a greate payn not once to approche ether to his speche or presence. Hall's Union, 1548, Hen. V. fol. 1. INHILDE. To pour in. (A.-S.) INHOSPITALL. Inhospitable. Hall. INIQUIETACION. Disturbance. See Hall, Richard III. f. 9. INIQUITY. One of the names of the vice or buffoon in old plays. He is mentioned as old iniquity by Ben Jonson. INJEST. Almost ; ver>' nearly. West. INJOIN. To join together. Palsgrave. INJURE. Injury. {.^.-N.) INJURY. To injure. Middleton. INK. In falconry, the neck, or that part from the head to the body of a bird that a hawk preys upon. See the Gent. Rec. INKHORN. To use inkhorn terms, i. e. to \vrite affectedly, and use fine language. " Escorche- le Latin, to inkhornize it, or use inkhorn tearmes," Cotgrave. INKLE. Inferior tape. See Florio, p. 124 ; Harrison, p. 222. INKLING. A wish, or desire. North. INK-STANDAGE. An ink-stand. North. 1NL.\ID. Laid in ; provided. Yorksh. IN-L.WVE. To receive. {A.-S.) INLEASED. Entangled ; insnared. (.^.-.V.) IN-LOKE. To look narrowly. {A.-S.) INLY. Inwardly ; deeply ; thoroughly. (A.-S.) INN. (1) This term was anciently applied to any kinti of lodging-house, or residence. When he was schryvenof his synnes, He went hom into his innes. MS. Canlab. Ff. v. 411, f. 44. (2) To enclose. Sussex. INNANDE. Within. Arch. rxx. 409. INNARDS. Entrails, far. dial. INNATIVE. Innate. Chapman. INNE. In. The adverb. {A.-S.) INNEAW. Presently. Lane. INNERESTE. Inmost. {A.-S.) INNERMORE. The inner. North. INNING. A harvest, or gathering in of corn ; enclosing. South. Lands enclosed, when re- covered from the sea, are called innings. See Wright's Mon. Letters, p. 105. At cricket, the party at the wicket has the innings. INNIOLF. Strong thread, such as shoemakers use. Prompt. Parv. INNOCENT. (1) Ignorant; silly. Hence a sub- stantive, an idiot. (2) Small and pretty, chiefly applied to flowers. Northampt. INNOM-BARLEY. Such barley as is sown the second crop, after the ground is fallowed. North. INNORMITY. Minority; not being of the legal age to reign. {Lat.) INNOWE. Enough. Lydgate MS. I-nouh oc- curs in the Vernon MS. f. 13. INOBEDIENCE. Disobedience. Chaucer. IN-OPINION. Opiniative. Palsgrave. IN-0\'ER. Moreover ; besides. Withals. INPARTE. To mix things together. Lydgate. IN-PL.\CE. Present ; here ; in this place. INPLI3ED. Implied. Apol. LoU. p. 73. INPORTABLE. Unbearable. {A.-N.) INPRAVABLE. Not able to be corrupted. Set before his eyes alway the eye of the everlasting judge and the inpravable judging-place. Becon's Works, 1843, p. 105. INPRENNABLE. Impregnable. {A.-N.) INPURTURED. Portraved ; pictured ; adorned. INQUETE. To inqiure, oi seek for. {A.-N.) INQUIR.\TION. An inquiry. East. INRED. Red in colour or complexion. INRISE. To rise in ; to arise. Sothely fra thytheue inryaea a gret lufe, and what thynge that it trewely towches, it ravesche it utterly to it. MS. Lincoln A. 1. 17. f. 192. IN-SAME. Together. (A.-S.) INSCULP. To carve, or engrave. Shak. INSELED. Attested under seal. {A.-N.) INSENSE. To inform ; to make a person un- derstand a thing ; to convince; to infatuate. North. See the Times, Aug. 18th, 1843. IN-SENT. Sent, or cast in ; placed. INSET. Implanted. Chaucer. INSHORED. Come to shore. Stanihurst, p. 29. INSIGHT. A road in a coal pit that is driven into the work. North. INSPAYRE. Insph-ation? And my sawle made thurghe thyne inspayre. And gaiTe me IjTUmes semly and faire. MS. Lincoln A. I. 17, f. 191. INSTANCE. Motive ; cause ; proof ; example , information. .SAoA. INSTANT, To importune. State Papers, i. 595. INSTATE. To place in. See the Troubles of Queene Elizabeth, 1639, sig. A. iii. INT 477 IPO INSTAURED. Renovated. Marston. INSTILE. To name, or style. Drayton. INSTORID. Included; contained. Baber. INSTRUCT. To design, or appoint. {Lat.) INSUFFIS.\NCE. Insufficiency. (A.-N.) INSUIT. Suit, or request. Shai. INSURGE. To arise. (Lat.) This word is also used by Hardyng. What mischlefe hath inmrged in realmrs by in- testine devislon. Hall, Henry If. fol. 1. INT. A kind of sharper, or rogue ; the same as intaker in Blount. INTACK. An inclosure; part of a common field planted or sown, when the other part lies fallow. North. INTELLIGENCER. A spy. Intelligenciaries, Holinshed, Hist. Scot. p. 45. INTEND. To attend to ; to be intent upon ; to stretch out ; to pretend ; to understand ; to be at leisure. Palsgrave. INTENDABLE. Attentive. Hall. INTENDMENT. Intention; design. INTENTION. Intensity of observation on any object. Shak. INTERCOMMON. About 1595, all between Easton-Piers and Castle- Comb wa3 a Campania, like Coteswold, upon which it borders ; and then Yatton and Castle-Combe did intercommon together. Aubres^B Wilti, MS. Soc. Reg. p. 290. INTERDEAL. Traffic, intercourse, or dealing between persons. Spoiler. INTERESSE. To interest. Often, to interest or implicate very deeply. INTERFECTOR. ' One who kills. (Lat.) INTERGATORY. An interrogatory. S/iak. INTERMEAN. Something coming between two other parts, nen Joiison. INTERMELL. To intermeddle. But thay loved eche other passynge well, That no spyes durst with thame infermf//. its. Lansil. 208, f. 19 INTER-MEWING. A hawk's mewing from tbe first change of her coat till she turn white. INTERMINABLE. Infinite. (.-/.-A'.) INTERMITTING. The ague. A'oWA. INTERPARLE. A parley. Daniel. INTERPONE. To interpose. {Lat.) XNTHRONIZ.\TE. Enthroned. Hall. INTIL. Into. {.^..S.) Ylf scho couthc on horse ride. And a thousande men hi hire syde ; And Bho were comen intil helde, And Engvlond sho couthe wcldc ; And don hem of thar hire were queme. An hire bo
  • , INTLE. If you will. North. INTO. Within ; short of. llerrf. INTOXICATE. To poison. (Lat.) INTRE.VT. To use or treat. Shak. INTREAT.\NCE. Entreaty. It occurs in Holinshed, Hist. England, i. 18. INTREATY. Treatment. Painter. INTRINSE. Intricate. Shak. INTROATE. To make entries. (Lat.) INTROITS. Psalms said or sang while the priest was entering within the rails of the Communion Table. INTRUSOUR. An intruder. Lydgate. INTUMULATE. Buried. See HaU, Edw. IV. tr. 34, 61 ; Holinshed, Hist. Scot. p. 44. INTL'RN. (1) Instead. Salop. (2) A term in wiestUng, when one puts his thigh between those of his adversary, and lifts Iiim up. Then with an inuiyne following that. Upon his backe he threw him fl.it. Lucan's Vharsaliat 1614- INTUSE. A bruise, or contusion. (Lat.) I-NU5HE. Enough. (^..S.) INVASSAL. To enslave. Daniel. INVECT. To inveigh. Nares. INVINCIBLY'. This word seems sometimes to have the sense of invisibly. INVITATORY'. A hymn of invitation to prayer. In the Latin ser\ices,the'J3th psalm is so called. INVOCATE. To invoke. Shak. INWARD. Intimate ; famihar. See Stanihurst's Description of Ireland, p. 34. INWARD-MAID. A house-maid. Suffolk. INWARDS. The intestines. Var. dial. INWHELE. The inner wheel of a mill. INWIT. Conscience ; understanding. (A.-S.) INWITH. Within. (A.-S.) IN-3ETTIS. Gets in. (A.-S.) This name Jhesulelcly haldyne in mynde drawes by the rote vyccs, setlys verlus, in-lawes charytee, in-jettis savoure of hevenely thynges. US. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. Wi- I-PAYNNED. Ornamented. (A.-S.) How than,seyst thou, that he is soo lovely, the whyche evydtnce in dede shewith soo gresly i- paynned and unlovely. Oijton's Divert Fruylful GhostI]/ ilater^. IPOCRAS. (1) Hippocrates. And ynto preson put he was ; And now begyniieth the tale of Ipocrtu. MS. Canlab. Vt. ii. 38, f. 138. (2) This beverage has been already mentioned, in V. Hippocras, but some fiu-tlicr e.\planation may, perhaps, not be unacceptable. The manner of making it is thus described in a MS. of medical anil other receipts — " To make ypocrasse for lords with gynger, synamon, and graynes, sugour, and turesoU: and for comyn popuU gynger canell, longe pepcr, and claryf- fyed hony. Loke ye have feyre pewter basens to kepe in your ponders and your ypocrasse to ren ynne, and to vj. basens ye nuiste have vj. renners on a porche, as yc may here see ; and loke your poiidurs ami your g\iiger be redy anil will jmryil or hit be heton into pouihir. (iynger colomliyne is the best gj'n- ger ; mayken and balamlyne be not so good nor holsom. Now thou knowist the proper- tecs of ypocras. Your poudurs must be made IRA 47S ISE everyche by themselfc, and leid ia a bledder in store, bauge sure your percbe with baggs, and that no bagge twoyche 'other, but basen twoyche basen. The fyrst bagge of a galon, every on of the other a potell. Fyrst do into a basen a galon or ij. of red wjne ; then put in your ponders, and do it into the renners, and so into the seconde bagge. Then take a pece, and assay it ;andyefhit beenythyngtostrouge of gynger, alay it withe synanion ; and yef it be strong of synamon, alay it withe sugour cute. And thus schall ye make perfrte ypocras. And loke your bagges be of boltell clothe, and the mouthes opyn, aud let it ren in v. or vj. bagges on a perche, and under every bagge a clene basen. The draftes of the spies is good for sewies. Put your ypocrase into a stanche wessell, and bynde opon the mouthe a bleddnr strongly ; then sene forthe watfers and ypocrasse." This is printed in the Forme of Cury, p. 161, but I have had no opportunity of seeing the original manuscript, and I am afraid it has not been quite correctly copied in some few instances. Another receipt, much more simple and intelligible, is given in Ar- nold's Chronicle : — " Take a quarte of red wyne, an ounce of synamon, and halfe an unce of gynger ; a quarter of an ounce of greyries, and long peper, and halfe a pounde of siiger ; and brose al! this, and than put them in a bage of wullen clothe, made therefore, with tlie wyne ; and lete it hange over a vessel, tyll the wyne be rune thorowe." A third receipt is given by Cogan, — " Take of cinamon two ounces, of ginger half an ounce, of grains a quarter of an ounce : punne them grosse, and put them into a pottle of good claret or white wine, with half a pound of sugar : let all steep together anight at the least, close covered in some bottle of glasse, pewter, or stone ; and when you would occupy it, cast a thinne linnen cloath or a piece of a boidter over the mouth of the bottle, and let so much run through as you will drink at that time, keeping the rest close, for so it will keep both the spirit, odor, and virtue of the wine and spices." Ipocras seems to have been a great favourite with our ancestors, being served up at every entertain- ment, pubUc or private. It generally made a part of the last course, and was taken imme- diately after dinner, with wafers or some other light iiiscuits. According to Pegge, it was in use at St. John's College, Cambridge, as late as the eighteenth century, and brought in at Christmas at the close of dinner. IPRES. A kind of wine, mentioned in the Yorkshire Ale, 1697, !>. 3. I-QUERE. Every where. Gawayne. I-RADE. Read; perused. (^A.-S.) Here lettres were nut for to layne. They were i~rade amonge hem alle. its. Harl. 225-2, f. 118. I RAIN. A spider. See Arain. Ik) skulk als irain thou made saule his. Ptalmt, MS. Coll, Feapat. D. vii. f. 87. IRALE. A kind of precious stone. Hir payetrelle was of ii-ale fyne, Hir cropoure was of orphare. MS. Lincoln .\. i. 17, f. U9. IRAN. An eagle. Skinner. IRE. Iron. West. He let nine platus of iret Sumdel thinne and brode. MS. Laud. 108, f. 92. IRENESE. Rennet. Somerset. IREN-HARDE. The herb vervain. IREOS. The orris powder. See Gerard. IRISH. An old game, similar to backgammon, but more conipUcated. IRISHRY. The Irish people. Also, Highlan- ders and Isles-men. IRISH-TOYLE. According to the Fraternitye of Vacabondes, 1575, " an Irisbe Toyle is he that carrieth his ware in hys wallet, as laces, pins, po)-ntes, and such like. He useth to shew no wares untill he have his almes ; aud if the good man and \vv-fe be not in the way, he procureth of the children or servants a fleece of wool, or the worth of sij. d. of some other thing, for a peniworth of his wares.'" The same character is mentioned in Dekker's Lanthorne and Candle-Light, 1620, sig. B. iii. IRK. Tedious ; slow ; weary. Vn Goddys servyse are swyche meni/rAr, When they come unto the kyrke. MS. Harl. 1701, f. 30. Of hyr they were nevyr i/rke. its. Cantab. Ft. ii. 38, f. 74. IRXING. The same as Irenese, q. v. IRON. To taste a cheese, by running a cheese- swoop in. North. IRON-MOULDS. YeUow lumps of earth or soft stone found in chalk. Oxon. IRON-SICK. A ship or boat is said to be iron sick, when the speeks are so eaten away with the rust, or the nails so worn, that they stand hollow in the planks, so that the ship takes in water bv them. IRON-SIDED. Rough ; unruly. East. IROUR. Anger. Sevyn Sages, 954. IKOUS. Angry ; passionate. (A.-N.) The colerik froward fuUe of dyscet, Irtjus in hert, prodegalle in expens. MS. Canlab. Ff. i. 6, f. 14U. It es none honour to me to owttray hys knyghttez, Thoghe 3e bee irous mene that ayres one his nedez. Morte Arthitre, MS. Uncoin. f.67. Charyt^ ys nat i/tm, And charyt^ ys nat coveytous. MS. Hart. 1701, f. 47. IRP. A fantastic grimace, or contortion of the bodv. Ben Jonson. IRRECUPERABLE. Incapable of being re- covered. See Hall, Henry VII. f. 27. IRRECURABLE. Incurable. Hall. IRREVERBER.\TION. Vibration. {Lat.) IRRUGATE. To wrinkle, (laf.) IS.AAC. The hedge-sparrow. Wore. Corrupted from Heisugge, q, v. ISCHEWE. Issue; progeny. Thare es none ischewe of us on this erthe sprongene. Moi-ie Arthure, MS. Lincoln, t. 73. ISE. I. tf'est. In the North, I am, 1 shaU. 1ST 479 IVI ISELBON. An edge-bone of bfief. See Arch. xiii. 371. Still in use. ISENGRIN. The name given to the wolf in the romance of Renard. (Lat. Med.) I-SE3E. Saw. See St. Brandan, p. 8. ISIIER. High; lofty. Yorksh. ISING. A kind of pudding. See Withals, ed. IC08, p. 121 ; Wyl Bucke, p. 12. According to some, a sausage. I-SIWED. Followed. (A.-S.) Vol threo dawes heo habbez i-*iwed ine» .\iid nou5t ne habbech to mete. MS.tMUi. l(iB, f. 1. ISLAND. The aisle of a churcli, called in medieval Latin insula ! ISL.\NDS. Iceland dogs ; shock-dogs. ISLE-OF-\VIGIIT-PARSON. A cormorant. Isle- qf-Wu/ht-Rock, a kind of very hard cheese made there. ISLES. Embers ; hot ashes. Lane. The small black particles of soot are so called in Lincoln- shire. " Isvl of {yre,favilla," Pr. Parv. p. 206. I-SODE. Boiled. (A.-S.) More him likede that ilkegiste. Thane ani flecbys i-sode othur i-rost. MS.lMud.\m, f. 12. ISPY. Hide-and-seek. Var. dial. ISRUM. A long stupid tale. Line. ISSES. Earth-worms. HantH. ISSIIEN. To issue, or rush out. Whan the crie was cried, walkand was non sene, Bot toinnes hied, as ther no man had bene. The Scottis pcrceyved wele thei durst not i^shen oute. It neghed nere metesel, than ros up allc the route. At the hie midday went the Scottis men, Tuo myle was ther way, to the castelle of Mctfen. Langtitffs Chrotiicle, p. 334. ISSU. The entrails of an animal. 1ST. I will. Also, is it .' Norlh. ISTA. Art thou .' Yorkah. ISTIA. The following receipt for making " a whyte trett that is callyd plasture istia or syne" is from a curious MS. of the fifteenth century : — Take mete oyle, and sett hit one the fyre, and than put thereto literage off gold, sylvcr, or lede ; and than sture them well togelhur ; and than take whyte lede, and put thereto powder of screws and codilbon therto; and than let them setlie wellc, and alwey sture them tille hit be hard and tlieke ; and than take a pynte of oyle and of the lite- rage a tpiarlonc, and of whyte led a quartoiie, and of scrus a quorton, and a quartou of codilbone, but loke that hit stonde most be the literage, and this wolbe a goilc trett for alle festures and hott sorys. Yt wylle also hele a wownile, withowt eny instrumentes of surgcrye ; the whiclie tre(t or intia woUe garre the rnatere to yssen owte at the wownde, and bele it in a monyth or Ictylle more, the whccbe wonde wold not be helyd ir> halfe a yere he the warke of surgerc. Anil iusteile of codilbon it ys to be noted that tansy, hemp- sed, or the croppys, whyle they be grene, maye be takyn ; aud lUo Bcliede therof woUe seiTc alle the yere for the istia. Tak also the lc\7s of red cole, mowshere, and bugle, of ecche a haiidfulle aud a halfe, and than stampe thame, and streyne them wyth gode whyle wyne, and so therof drynke every day iij. sponefuUe at morne, and as moche at nysth, til je be hoole." I-SU03E. In swoon. St. Brandan, p. 1. IT. Yet. West. In the. Nortli. Formerly used for he and she. It also signifies a beating or correction. The journie semitli wondrous long, The whicli 1 liave to make. To leare mysL-lfeaiui beate my braines. And all for Wisdomes sake ! And if, God knoWL-s what may befall. And what luck God will send. If she will loue me when I come At this my journyes end. Marriagt^ of Wit and Wisdome, 1579. ITAILLE. Italy. Chaucer. ITALIANATE. Italianized; having adopted the fashions of Italy. ITCH. To creep ; to jet out. Kent. Also, to be very anxious. ITCH-BUTTOCK. The game oi Level-coil, q. v. Florio has, " Giocure a levacido, to play at levell cule, or itch buttock." Skinner spells it differently, " Let^el coyl, vox tesseris glo- bulosis ludentium propria, a Fr. G. levez le cul, culum elcves (i. e.) assurgas, et locuiu cedas successori, vices ludendi prsebeas, nobis etiam Mtck buttock, imo etiam Italis eodem seusu Giocarea L^va culo usurpatur." ITCIIE. I. Somerset. ITCHFULL. Itchv. Palsgrave. ITEM. A hint. Iforc. ITEMS. Tricks j fancies ; caprices. Devon. ITER. To renew a thiug. (J.-X.) I-TIIE. To prosper. (A.-S.) Heisblyude that may se. He is riche that shalle never i-the. ArchteoUtgia, xxix. 325. I-TOYLED. Wearied. {A.-S.) And fiODC thei heddcn on hym leyd Heore scharpt' cloches alle tho ; Hit was in a fieyd. Or hati.l with ii-ctf oiine leyd. Havehk, UW. Than him tok an ivH htrnii;;, Th«t he we[l] wUie, and undcrfong, That his dcth wakcomcn liiinon. Jbid. H4. ' IVIN. Ivy. AV/A. IVY 480 BE IVOURE. Ivory. (A.-\.) With golde and ivi'Urti that so brighte schoile, That alle ;iboute the bewte men may se. Li/flffale, Ratuhuson MS. f. 34. ' IVY. Aubrey mentions a curious custom, wliich I believe is uow quite obsolete. " In several parts of Oxfordshire," he says, " particularly at Lauton, it is the custom for the maid- servant to ask the man for ivy to dress the house, and if the man denies or neglects to fetch iu ivy, the maid steals away a pair of his breeches, and nails them up to the gate in the yard or highway." IVY-BUSH. The ivy-bush was formerly hung out at taverns, to signify that good wine was sold there. The following from a rare work by Braithwaite, Law of Drinking, 12mo. Lond. 1617, is sufficiently curious to be given entire : A president of binding any one apprentise to the known trade of the ivy-bush t or Red-lettice ,- taken out of the ancient rr^ster-booke of Potina. Be it knowne unto all men by these presents, that 1 Ralph RedTiose of Running-Spiggot inthecountie of Turne-Tap, bowzer, am tide and fast bound unto Francis Fiery-face in all up-carouses, in twenty pots sterling ; that is to say, not by the common can or jug now used, but by the ancient full top and good measure, according to the laudable custome of the Red Lettice of Nip-scalpe; to the which said pay- meut well and truely to be made, 1 bind me, my heires, ale-squires, pot-companions, lick-wimbles, malt-wormes, vine-fretters, and other faithful! drunkards, firmely by these presents: Dated the thirteenth of Scant-sober, and sealed wkh O I aoi ncke, and delivered with a bowle and a'broome in the presence of the ostler, the tapster, and the cham- berlain e. IVY-GIRL. A writer in the Gentleman's Mag- azine, quoted by Brand, i. 35, mentions a sort of sport used in Kent dtrring the month of February, where the girls were burning in triumph a figure which they had stolen from the lioys, called a holly-boy, whilst the boys were doing the same with another figure called an ivy-yirl. All this ceremony was accom- panied with loud huzzas, noise, and acclama- tions. The writer adds, " what it all means I cannot tell, although I inquired of several of the oldest people in the place, who could only answer that it had always been a sport at tliis season of the year." IWE. A Jew. Nominale MS. Trowe this for no lesyng. And namely leve her of no live. For al thus dud thei with Jhesu. Cursor Mtlndi, MS. Cull. Trin. Cantab, {.U3. IW'ERE. A remedy, or cure. Pr. Parv. I-\VHILS. In the mean time. His modir i-uhils gartecallea knave. And highte hym grete gyftis to hafe. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 99. I-WIS. Certainly ; truly ; undoubtedly ; to wit j especially ; besides. (A-.S.) After the fif- teenth century, this sense of the word seems to have been lost, and it appears to have been regarded as a pronoun and a verb, / know. Berafrynde, i-seid Adam, I-toysse thou art a wytty man. Thou Shalt wel drynk therfore, MS. Cnntab. Ft. v. 48, f. 49. I amalwayes troubled with thelitherlurden, I love so to linger ; I am so lasy, the mosse groweth an Inch thick on the top of my finger I But if you list to knowe my name, / tvis I am to well-knowen to some men ; My name is Idlenes, the flower Of the frying-pan ! My mother had ij. whelps at one litter. Both borne in Lent ; So we ware both put into a mussellbole, And came saling in a sowes yeare oner sea Into Kent. Marriage of Witt and H'isdonWt 1579. IX. An axle-tree. Sussex. lYRNE. Iron. North. Wyth gunnes gret, and other gret ordinance* Them to help and to avanc. With many a prowd pavys ; Gayly peynted and stuffed welle, Ribawdes armyd with ij/rne and stele. Was never better oflf devyce. Reliq. Antiq, ii. 22. IZEY-TIZEY. Uncertainty. Devon. IZLE. Hoar frost. North. IZZARD. The letter Z. Var. dial. More generally pronounced iszet. I3EN. Eyes. See Langtoft, p. 229. 7>^ ^ .^.*.a.